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INTRODUCTORY.

In bringing before the public a new jour-
nal, specially devoted to lumbering interests,
and incidentally to milling, manufacturing
and mining, as being kindred forms of the
development of the national industry, there
is little apology needed. As there are spe-
cial branches in trade, so there are special
departments in journalism. The daily pa-
per, morning and evening, rushes forth with-
out regard or respect for any interest, but
with an intention well formed to treat all
fairly ; and the result is a little general in-
formation here, a little special pleading
there, and a large mass of the general gos-
sip concerning things that occur upon the
streets or elsewhere, but Lave very little
practical interest for the business man, no
matter what may be the branch in which he
is engaged,

Itis for this reason that specialists in
journalism have in many cases achieved such
remarkable success, Not to speak of the re-
ligious journals, whose existence depends on
the zeal of the sects, there are others, such
as the Bullionist, the Scientfic Amzrican,
the Grocer, &, &c., that represent special
interests in trade aud science, aud they all
receive a more or less generons support,
from their own class—from those who are
interested in the specialties they represent.

Though much attention has been given to
the lumbering interests by the press of
Canada, yet itis felt that a special organ,
which would concentrate the views of those
who understand the business, and present
them to the public in a way in which they
could be fairly discussed, with a full com-
prehension of the value of the vast interests
involved, would not merely serve those
who are engaged in the trale, and their
employecs,*but also the country at large.
It it be remembered that the Lumbering
interest is the second greatest in Canada—
being next to the agricultural. . Now, min-
ing, milling and general manufacturing, na-
turally take a secondary and subservient
position, as being dependent on the success
and progress of the two great national indus-

tries—agriculture and lumbering. In pro-
portion as they prosper, so will be the
general prosperity of the country.

It would be out of place in this ‘ Intro-
ductory” to enter into details as to the vast
resources of Canada as a timber producing
country. It has not unfrequently been
sneered at as a “wooden country, and the

CE ES ET ee ee a

aN jaan essia eens

taunt is neither withcut foundation, nor isit
one to be ashamed of. Canada is indeed a
wooden country, but its woods are
fast disappearing, and one of the prime
elements of its early growth, is being
ruthlessly destroyed by the‘old style of man-
agement on the part of the government, and
the reckless indifference of the people. It
will be the duty of the Lumprerman to
point out the injuries annually inflicted on
the wooden wealth of Canada, by reckliss
tree-felling, and the still more reckless start-
ing of forest fires, whether by sportsmen or
settlers, Even in the latter particular, our
journal may, by assisting in arousing public
opinicn, be the means of saving millions of
dollars to the country in a single year.

But we are not ignorant of the great re-
sponsibility of starting this journal. Devoted
as it is to a special class of operators, it
must mainly look to them for support, It
has not the whole of the reading community
to appeal to directly, and hence mast depend
for success on the earnest and liberal support
of those in whose interest it is published.
Lumbermen, as a class, are noted for their
public spirit and liberality, and we freely
trust to their generous support as well as to
that of lumber dealers generally. Nothing
shall be wanting on our part to make this
journal a full and complete record of the
lumber business, and all that relates to
the trade in Canada. To this end the
latest market reports, the contributions
of trustworthy correspondents, trade cir-
culars, etc., will be freely used, to give
our readers the best, the eurliest, and the
most reliable information that can be obtain-
ed, concerning the important branch of busi-
ness to which the journal will be especially
be devote; while the mining, the milling,
and the manufacturing interests will receive
attent-on proportionate to their great claims
on the public.

Tn short, it will be our endeavour to make
the LUMBERMAN worthy of its title in every

j respcet; and, while giving special attention

to the great staple industry to which it is
devoted, it will also furnish a carefully se-
lected amount of general reading that will
make it a welcome visitor in every family.

Advertisers, especially those dealing in
mill, mining, and lumbering supplies and
machinery, will find the LuMBERMAN a very
favourable medium of reaching their custom-
ers, as it will circulate among these classes,
and receiyg more attention from them than
they have the time or inclination to bestow
on a general newspaper.

TORONTO, AUGUST 1; 188 1 0

; ly right to time.

|

Watches.

Watches, by reason of their fragile con-

struction, and the variations to which they |
are liable, can after all only obtain a limited

perfection in their performance ; therefore,
we must not be astonished to find them sub-
ject to certain variations. These variations,
which are easy to correct, need not preju-
dice the quality of a watch, as will be prov-
ed by the following «xample. Two watches,
we will suppese, have been put to the same
time by an excellent regulator. At the end
of a month, one of these watches isa quar-
ter of an hour too fast ; the other is exact-
To which of these two
watches would we give the preference? Per-
haps to the one which is exactly right. But
in making such a choice, we nevertheless in-
cur therisk of abandoning a good watch for
abadone. The first watch, has, we assume,
gained 30 seconds a day ; and according to
this rate, it has gained a quarter of an hour
in 30 days. What must be done to make
this watch go well? Alter the regulator in-
side from fast to slow, or get a careful
watchmaker to do it for you, thereby alter-
ing its daily rate. Let us now admit that
the other watch has been affected during a
month by irregular going, which has occa-
sioncd it sometimes to gain, at other times-
to lose to a certain extent daily. It may
easily occur that at the end of a month this

| may do great injury to a watch even of the
| simplest construcion.

The Earth’s Population.

In the new issue (No. 6.) of Behm and
Wagner’s well-known ‘“ Bevolkerung der
Erde” there are several points of fresh inte-
rest. Since the last issue, about two years
ago, the population would seem to have been
increased by about 17,000,000, the present
population of the earth, according to Behm
and Wagner, being 1,456,000,000, as against
1,439,000,000 two years ago. This, howey-
er, can not be set down to absolute natural
increase, much of the addition being, no
doubt, the result of new and more accurate
statistics. The new issue has, for example,
to take account of several new censuses,
some of them in countries where the popula-
tion has not been accurately counted for
many years, if at all. We have, for exam-
ple the census of Spain in 1877; Portugal,
1878 ; Greece, 1879; Bosnia and Herzego-
vina, 1879; New Zealand, 1878; Peru, 1876;
Denmark, 1880, besides several smaller
places. Tne total population is divided
among the continents as follows: Europe,
315,929,000, or at the ratio of 32.5 pre.
square kilometre ; Asia, 834,707,000, or 187-
per square kilometre ; Africa, 205,579,00.,
or 6.9 per square kilometre ; America, 950
495,500, or 2.5 per square kilometre; Aus,
tralia and Polynesia, 4,031,000, or 04 per

gaining and losing compensate each other,
and by this means the watch indicates the
exact hour at the time we look atit. Such
a watch can never be relied upon. The fact
is that a watch which gains in a regular
manner or loses in a regular manner is su-
perior to any whose variation is uncertain,
and where its variation comes to be familiar,
the little companion may vie with the most
delicately adjusted ship’s chronometer. A
skilful watch-maker one day thus reasoned
with a customer who complained of his
watch. ‘* You complained,” said he, ‘‘ that
your watch gains a minute a month. Well,
then, you will congratulate yourself when
you have heard me. You are aware that in
your watch the balance, which is the regu-
lator, makes five oscillations every second,
which is 432,000 a day : so that your watch,
exposed to ail the vicissitudes which heat
and cold occasion it, the varying weight of
the air, and the shaking to which it is sub-
jected, has not varied more than a minute a
month, or two seconds a day. It has only
acquired with each vibraticn vf the balance
a variation of the two hundred and sixteen
thousandth part of a second. Judge then
what must be the extreme perfection of the
mechanism of this watch!” A watch can-
not go for an indefinite period without being
repaired or cleaned. Atthe expiration ofa
certain time, the oil dries up, dust accumu-
lates, and wear and tear are the inevitable
results to the whole machinery, the func-
tions becoming irregular, and frequently
ceasing to act altogether. A person posses-
sing a watch df good quality, and desirous
of preserving it as such, should have it c’ean-
ed every two yearsat least. But care should
be taken to confide this cleaning or repairing
to careful hands; an incapable workman |

square kilometre; the remainder, 82,000,
belong to the north polar region, mostly Ice-
land and Greenland. Atthough the census
of the United States has been taken some
months since, and a few of the data oozed
out in an irregular fashion, Herren Behm
and Wagner have not made any use of the
results, wisely preferring to await official
statistics. They calculate that the census
ought to give a result of at least 47,000,000.
The editors have also given a fresh plani-
metrical calculation of the area of Africa,
yielding a result of 29,383,390 square kilo-
metres. Of this area about six and a third
milli ni are forests and culture land, the
same area savannahs and scattered woods,
1,500,000 bush, 4,290,000 steppe, and 10,-
500,000 desert. This last item seems ap-
palling, but it should be remembered that
much of this desert may be reclaimable, and
thet it includes large areas of fertile oases.
A new p animetric calculation of the area of
South America yields the result of 16,732,-
128 square kilometres, differing greatly from
the sum of the official areas given by the
South American governments.
or + rr a

Mr. E. B. Eddy, of Ottawa, Ont., has tak-
ena ten years’ lease of the Lovejoy pre-
mises in Odgensburg, and will at once trans-
fer them into a match and box factory.
While there on Friday he let a contract of
the value of $1,200 to put the buildings into
proper shape.

In E. C. Cane’s mill, Gravenhurst, on
Tuesday, Neil McMillen sawed, on one of
Goldie & McCullough’s machines, 42,600 of
16-inch shingles, within eleven hours. The
shingles were jointed by Archibald McKin-
non, and Edward Collis packed 32,900.

THE: CANA Dex

The Autumn Woods.

AND THE HOUSEHOLD ADORNMENTS WHICH
THEY PROVIDE— PREPARING FERNS AND
MOSSES,

(Philadelphia Times.)

Ferns become every year more popular
for purposes of household decoration. Grow-
ing or cut, freshly gathered or pressed, the
uses to which they are applied are number-
less, It is a safe plan to gather them when-
ever you can get them, but those who can
choose their time to do so usua!ly prefer
August or early September, since at this
time the ferns are in full maturity and have
not yet begun to fade. ,

In going fern hunting it is wise to take a
large book, such as an atlas or a music port-
folio, along in which to lay the more delicate
specimens as soon as they are gathered ; the
commoner varieties—such as the ordinary
bracken bush, the evergreen fern—may be
easily taken home to be pressed, by wrapping
them in newspaper with a wet fold around
the stems to keep them from wi.ting. Those
which are to be dug up, root and all, for
transplanting should be placed as carefully
as possible in a basket.

At the close of every excursion the ferns
whieh are to be pressed should without loss
of time be transferred to the drying paper.
Seated at a convenient table the collector
begins her work, her pile of ferns at one side
of her and her paper at another. Plenty of
paper and two flat, smooth boards are the
materials required. Books on the subject
advise stout blotting paper, but strong, soft
newspapers, such as the Times for iastance,
make an excellent substitute at far less cost.
Number one board is laid down; on this
several sheets of paper—the more the better
if paper is p!entiful—and on them tke fern
is laid out as nearly as possible in the natural
pos.t.on, any twisting into shapes which the
fronds would not have assumed in life being
avoided. Over it asingle sheet of paper is
laid, and while with the 1ight hand the plant
is being spread out, with the left the paper
is being simultaneous'y smoothed over it,
immediately a few more sheets are laid over
it and the process repeated with additional
specimens until the pile is sufficiently high ;
then it is topped with the sccond board and
the bundle deposited with a forty or fifty
pound weight on the topof all. Bricks make
good weights, and they can be so distributed
as to make the pressure bear cqually on all
parts at cnce ; but any weight— a large stone,
for instance—will do very well ; or you may
put the boards under your trunk. If a great
many ferns are to be dried, another set of
boards and papers may be used, but one is
sufficient for quite a number. Next day the
collector must ‘‘change her papers.” The
pile is reversed, and the top board laid down
on the table, with a sheet or two of dry
paper on the top of it. Then the half-limp,
flattened fern is carefully transferred to it,
and the process repeated until the whole of
yesterday’s gatherings are (nce more in dry
sheets, and the weights on top cf them
again. The damp paper is then Jaid out in
the sun or suspended on a cord in the kitchen
or other warm place to dry, and in a short
t me is ready for use, How often the chang-
ing of papers must be repeated, depends
upon the number of sheets which are inter-
pesed between each plant, the state of the
weather, the dryness of the room, or the
thickness of the fern leaves themselves ; but,
as a rule, half a dozen times are sufficient,
and, if need be, the last two or three times
may have an interval of two or even three
days betweenthem. If the plants make the
paper bulge out, a sheet or two of stout
pasteboard interposed here and there will
smooth down their asperities and secure
better bried specimens. Inany case, a little
patience and neat-handeduess are necessary
to secure choice specimens, and the ferns
should not be taken out of press until sure
that they are well dried. The best test of
their being thoroughly dry is to gently bend
back a little bit of the frond. If it is in-
flexible, then it is better to give it another
turn of the drying press. If, on the con-
trary, it breaks, all the sap has been extiact-
ed from it by the combined pressure of the
stones and the absorbing power of the paper
on either side or the specimen. Then trans-
fer them to a large book and keep them there
until ready to use them. Smail ferns may
be pressed between the leaves of a book by
tying a string around the volume to keep it
tightly shut, but it 1s important in such case
that the ferns should be dry, and the book
must be opened and examined from day to
day to avoid injury both to the volume and
to the ferns,

As already intimated, any one with a large

supply of pressed ferns has an almost limit-
less fund upon which to draw for household
decoration. Window transparencies and fire
screens are made by framing the ferns,
artistically grouped, between two sheets of
plate-glass. The side-lights to a hall door
may be prettily ornamented in the same wey,
only for this purpose, in order to obstruct
the view, it is well to fasten the fern on fine
white net. Bright hued flowers, such as
pansies, morning glories, scarlet sage, etc.,
add much to the beauty of such transparen-
cies and may be successfully dried between
sheets of cotton wadding placed between
wooden boards,

A cluster of ferns pinned on a Jace curtain
where it falls apart has a very happy effect,
and we have seen pretty window cornices
made of a garland of ferns and autumn
leaves, The maiden-hair fern looks extreme-
ly well arranged in a small basket, with a
few dried bits of crimson cock’s comb or
bachelor’s buttons. Indeed, the uses to
which they may be applied are limited only
by the taste and skill of the decorator.

When a fernery is contemplated the ferns
shou!d be carefully dug up and transplanted
in soil as nearly as possible like that in which
they originally grew.

As arule, ferns require abundant moisture
and cool shade, and the exercise of a little
ingenuity will soon provide these require-
ments for even a varied collection. With the
help of a few pieces of furnace slag or other
fantastic material, a rockery can be erected in
the dreariest city back yard. Sand—not
sea, but river sand—should be first strewn
over this, and then woods earth should be
packel into every crev.ce where the ferns
are to grow,

The newest fern cases have ventilators in
the top of the glass, but it is an open ques-
tion whether these are an advantage in a
furnace-heated room.

A very pretty fernery may be made of an
old tin tray. Paint it first with waterproof
paint, then make a foundation of gravel,
charcoal and c.nders and some sand, not too
much, however, Over this put your woods
earth and plant the ferns with sheets of moss,
carefully transplavted from the place where
the ferns grew, covering the roots. Keep
well watered, and you will have a thing of
beauty all winter, constantly developing new
beauties as tiuy ferns and weod plants spring
up from the moss,

For decorative purposes moss is scarcely
second to ferns, or even flowers. In Fng-
land it is much used for table decoration,
and is gathered in summer and dried for
winter use, It is a mistake to think that
because moss is green it is of one colour, you
will find it of every hue—bronze and
emerald, shining, golden and dark purple
green. The best way to col ect it jor de-
coration is to pull it in large tuits, which
should be well shaken after reaching home
and spread lightiy on newspapers for a day
or two, and then again thoroughly shaken,
to free them from loose bits and from insects.
To keep it for the winter the sprays should
be dipped in water, dabbed dry on a cloth,
laid flat between two sheets of brown paper
and immediately ironed until quite dry.
The irons should be of the heat required to

‘smooth linen, but do not prolong the pro-

cess too much or the mo-s will become
brittle. This process answers for the coarser
mosses ; more delicate ones should not be
ironed, and the ‘‘ maiden-hair ” moss should
not be placed in water, or the golden extin-
guishers may wash otf, Small, naturally
mossy twigs—ivy, oak leaves, acorns,
litchens—by occasionally being put out to
be refreshed hy rain, can be made to last for
some time. The last need an oceasional rain
soaking, as they become brittle and powdery
when too dry. The little gypsy kettles that
were so fashionable some years ago may be
made into pretty centre-pieces by covering
sticks and kettle alke with moss, as fol-
lows: Hold one of the sticks in the left
hand, take a tuft of moss sufficiently large
to wrap around it in the right hand and fold
the moss around and over the end of the
stick ; pass a long piece of fine gardening
wire round it, securing the end firmly and
pulling it in tight, so that the moss conceals
it ; wind it round once more and then take a
second tuft ; let the end neatly overlap the
first, and secure it in the same way ; con-
tinue till the stick is covered, keeping the
moss as evenly and tightly rolled as possible.
If too shaggy trim it with the scissors. Se-
cure the end of the wire when finished, and
if tightly done all will remain firm. The
handle of the kettle should be done in the
same way before doing the kettle. In cover-
ing the latter the upper edge of ‘the tufts
should be turned inside, under the tin for
holding the flowers, and the first wire tied
around close under the top. A very few

LUMBERMAN.

flowers, arranged in wet sand, will answer
for filling the tin. Flower pots may be
covered in the same way; aad flat straw-
berry baskets, thus concealed, and lined
with white paper, make very pretty fruit
dishes, A plateau of moss for holding
dessert dishes is also pretty. A board of the
desircd siz2 and shape is requisite ; the edges
may be cut out for the dishes to fit into, or
they may stand onit. The moss should be
made as smooth and even as possible, and
may be of only one of various kinds. The
common feather-moss is perhaps the best.
If liked, a border of gray lichen can sur-
round it, and outside this a second of small
leaves, trailing or ground ivy. Borders of
leaves and ferns can be made for dishes, and
wreaths of periwinkle runners, ivy, holly
bright autumn leaves, Ferns can be ironed
like the moss and will preserve their colour,
but the safest plan is to dry them as direct-
ed. Circles or stripes of thin cardboard can
be covered with leaves and ferns for sur-
rounding dishes, and single feras arrangee in
a pattern of the cloth. Infinite variety can
be made by giving time and thought to the
matter.

> + e+ ~—____.

Porpoise-Shooting.

Porpoise-shooting affords to the Indians
of the Passamaquoddy ti:ibe their principal
means of support. It is practiced at all
seasons of the year, but the fish killed in
the Winter are the fattest, and give the
largest quantities of oil, The largest-sized
porpoises measure about seven feet in length,
about the girth five feet, weight 300 pounds
and upward, and yield from six to seven
gallons of oil. The blubber is about cne
and one-half inhees thick in Summer, and
two inches thick in Winter, at which time
the creature is in its best condition. The
blubber from a large porpoise weighs about
100 pounds, The Indians try out the oil in
a very primative manner, and with very rude
but picturesque appliances. The blubber is
stripped off, then cut into small pieces,
which are placed in a huge iron pot, and
melted over a fire. All along the beach
were placed, at intervals, curious structures,
consisting of two upright pieces of wood
surmounti:d by a cross-piece, from which
the pots were hung by chains, Under this
cross-piece large stones were piled in a semi-
circle, inside of which a fire was made that
was allowed to burn fiercely until the stones
were at a white heat. The fire was then
scattered, and the pots containing the
biubber were placed under the stones, and
just enough fire under them to insure the
melting of the blabber. When melted, the
oil was skimmed off into other receptac'es,
then poured into tin cans of about five
gallons, capacity, and the process was com-
plete. If the oil is pure it readily brings 90
cents per gallon, but if adulterated with
seal, or any other inferior oil, its value is
reduced to 65 cents per gallon, A very su-
perior oil is obtained from the jaw of the
porpoise. The jaws are hung up in the sun,
and the oil as it drips is caught in cans
placed for that purpose. The quantity of
oil thus produced is small, being only half
a pint from each jaw, but a large price is
paid for it by watch-makers and others re-
quiring a very fine lubricator. The oil from
the blubber gives a very good light, and was
for a long time used in all light-houses on
the coast. It is also a capital oil for lubricat-
ing machinery, never gets sticky, and is un-
affected by cold weather. When pure there
is no offensive smell, and I know of no oil
equal to it for those who are compelled to
use their eyes at night. The light is very
soft, and when used in a German student’s
lamp one can work almost as comfortably as
by daylight, and the dreaded glare of yas
aud other artificial lights is completely avoid-
ed. If industrious and favoured with ordin-
ary success, an Indian can kill 150 or 200
porpoises a year, and they will average three
gallons of ol each. But, unfortunately, the
poor Indians are not so industrious, or only
so by fits and starts, or as necessity compels
them. Their way is usually to accumulate
some 15 or 20 gallons of oil, then go off to
Eastport, Me., with 16 for market. Thus
much time is lost in loitering about the
towns, and in going and returning from the
hunting-grounds. Moreover, thereare always
two Indians to each canoe, and the proceeds
of the hunt have to be divided. There is
quite a demand for the oil, and, if syste-
matically followed, porpoise-shooting would
afford the Indians a comfortable support.
The flesh of the porpoise when cooked is not
unlike fresh pork, and at one time was much
used. The Indians still use it, and it is also
in request by the fishermen on the coast,
who readily exchange fresh fish for ‘‘porpus”
meat with the Indians.

Powerful Ocean Steamships.

[London Times. }

Twenty yeas ago, the largest steamers
known (in this, as in all such comparisons,
neglecting the Great Eastern, which was a
prodigy of engineering skilJ), did not reach
350 feet in length, 45 feet in breadth, 3,500
tons in tonnage, or 4,000-horse power indi-
cated. We have, at this moment, before usa
list of 50 merchant steamers sailing, in the
year 1860, from Southampton and other
southern ports, which the largest vessels
then frequented, and the list includes but
10 ships of more than 300 feet in length.
none of which reached the limits of size and
ie just given, and the whole of which

longed to two companies, viz., the Royal
Mail and the Peninsular and O:iental. At
the present moment we have, afloat and
at work, the White Star liners, some of them
of 445 feet in length, 35 feetin breadth, and
nearly 5,000 indicated horse-power; the In-
man liners, comprising such ships as the
City of Berlin, 488 feet by 444 feet broad,
and of about the same steam power ; the Or-
ient, of 445 fect by 45% feet, with engines
developing 5,600 horse-power ; the Arizona,
of about the same size, with still greater
steam power and speed ; and many other
splendid vessels but little inferior to any of
the foregoing. And these steamers—
many of which reach the quays of New York
with greater punctuality than railway trains
reach the London suburbs from Victoria and
Charing-cross, and would reach our quays
with equal punctuality if they could avoid
thd abominable sands that bar the Mersey—
are the forerunners of still larger and more
powerful vessels now taking shape on the
banks of the Clyde and elsewhere. The Ca-
nard steel ship, the Servia, now building, by
Messrs. Thompson, of Glasgow, is 500 feet
by 60 feet, with over 10,000 indicated
horse-power, and will, therefore, doubtless
possess a speed considerably in advance of
that of the very fastest ship at present
afloat in the mercantile marine. The Inman
steamship City of Rome, buildiag of iron at
Burrow, will be still larger, having a length
of 546 feet, a breadth of 52 feet, a gross reg-
istered tonnage of 8,000, and a steam power
nearly equal to that of the Servia. The
Guion line is to be increased by ships of al-
most equal size and power, and the Allan
line is building others equal to the finest of
the White Star boats. Notwithstanding
the number and magnitude of the passenger
steamers now running between America and
this country the traflic is so great that it has
only been possible te secure accommodation by
arranging for pi ssage many weeks, and even
months, in advance, while the rapidly in-
creasing population and wealth of the United
States and of Canada make it certain that
the interchange of agricultural uce and
manufactured goods between them and our-
selves will go on increasing.

i ome oe

Aeronautics.

The proposed attempt to reach the North
Pole by balloon has given an impetus to the
science of aeronautics in land, A balloon
scciety has been formed, and, under its aus-
pices, several air ships have been sent up in
the vicinity of London. One of them con-
eines s Wri rv pn shang ; Com-
mander Cheyne of the royal navy, who
poses to make an experiment with a balloon
in his next Arctic journey; Mr. L, C, Al-
ford of Denver, Colorado, and a newspaper
correspondent In a minute and a quarter
from the start they attained the altitude of
1,000 feet, in three minutes 2,000 feet, and
in eight minutes 2,350 feet. The object of
the travellers was not to go high, but to get
over the ground as quickly as eeetie, and
with a gentle breeze they glided along at
the rate of thirty miles an hour, Ib the de-
scent thay dropped 1,390 feet in a minute
and a quarter, They managed to check
their rapid fall befere reaching terra Arma,
and landed safely after much bumping on
the ground, Of the other balloons, one rese
12,000 feet. The scientific observations of
the various aeronauts will be carefully com-

, and a report made embcdying the re-
sults obtained as to the air currents at dif-
ferent heights.

An English journal bewails that the
world is threatened with a dearth of lions,
that the ‘‘ king of the forest” is gradually
disappearing in his native wilds, But this
grave misfortune has encouraged a French-
man to establish a regular breeding stud of
lions at Bona, where lions will be and
brained for the market. Perhaps the royal
east will, in the course of time, become so
domesticated that the lion and the lamb
may lie down together,

FACTS AND FANCIES.

Joun Rovse spied a jug under a photo-
grapher’s wagon at an Illinois fair, con-
jectured that it held whisky, and so drank
fatally of sulphuric acid.

THE municipality of Paris levies a duty on
almost everything which enters the city ;
that of London on scarcely anything but
coals, which furnish a large revenue.

Two boys quarrelled over a game of mar-
bles at Reading, Pa, One cried ‘‘ Here’s
one for your head,” and threw a big stone,
which broke the other’s skull and killed
him,

THE newest creations among the peers,
Messrs. Lowe and Knatchbull Hugessen,
having opposed the Disturbance bill and
other Ministerial measures, both these pil-
lars of the State are indignantly discarded
by their former associates.

Somz Chinamen fitted up boats and made
a contract with the canning firms to fish for
salmon off British Columbia. The boats
drifted empty ashore on the day after, and
the Chinamen were never afterwards seen,
Tbe white fishermen had murdered them,

Tue ‘fly suffocator,” an insect resembl-
ing the mosquito, is the latest affliction that
has visited the Russian peasantry. Last
month, in the Mirgorod district of the Pol-
tava province, 142 head of cattle, 2 horses,
212 sheep, and 173 pigs were killed by it,
The flies are said to enter the air passages of
_the animals and thus suffocate them.

THE following advertisement in the Lon-
don Lancet is scarcely reassuring to the
public: ‘College of Surgeons and Apothe-
caries. Hall Preliminary Examinations.
The dullest and most backward get through.
Payments based on results.” The prospect
of having the ‘‘ dullest and most backward”
hacking away at one is not agreeable.

THE announcement of the formation of ice
during the hottest days of last summer in
the caves_near Zchinval, in the Caucasus,
attracted many travellers, It is reported
that these caves are filled with ice only dur-
ing the hottest weather, and that the newly
formed ice disappears with the fall of the
thermometer. This curious phenomenon
greatly puzzles the Caucasians.

‘*T Bec your pardon, sir,” said one of the
three men who entered Dovey’s store at
Mercer’s Station, Ky., “‘ but will you please
hand me the five hundred dollars out of
your safe?” and he politely levelled a re-
volver. ‘‘Sorry to disoblige,” Dovey re-
plied, ‘‘ but there isn’t a cent there ;” and
he affably opened the safe for them to see.
The robbers made a thorough search, and
withdrew.

Tue Russian political inquisition, known
under the name of “‘'fhe Third Section of
his Majesty’s Own Chancellery,” had ac-
quired such odium that the Czar, on recently
abolishing it, would not permit the Fourth
Section to be styled the third one. By
special ukase he ordered that the Fourth
Section should henceforth be known simply
as ‘‘ His Majesty’s Own Chancellery for the
Institutions of the Empress Mary.”

THE Antiguary says that the largest oak in
England is that in the parish of Cowthorpe,
west riding of Yorkshire. It is hollow, and
some forty men could stand within its trunk.
It is believed to be about 1,500 years old.
The Cowthorpe oak, which stands on the
land of Andrew Montague, a great proprie-
tor, 1s larger than the Greendale oak at
Welbeck, A few years ago the boughs ex-
tended sixty feet from the trunk.

A pare of lovers at San Francisco could
not induce the County Clerk to give them a
marriage license, because their ages were
only 16 and 15, and their parents objected,
being Jewish on one side and Roman Catho-
lic on the other, Therefore the boy and
girl gathered a party of their friends as wit-
nesses, joined their own hands, ard formally
declared themselves husband and wife. The
question whether the ceremony was valid is
to be tested in court.

Bex ZeRCHER was an only son, and his
father owned one of the best farms in Bel-
mont County, West Virginia, The old man
was past 80. During several years his
health had declined, and it was supposed
that he would speedily die. Ben was so
confident of this that he began to buy stock
for the farm, and made other preparations to
take possession of the property, But the
c jan suddenly recovered from his
illness, and took to courting a neighbour’s
danghter. This exasperated the impatient
heir, and he shot his father dead, recently.

A ae otal scene was witnessed in
the Volkovo bishche, the largest ortho-
dox cemetery of St. Petersburg. From

THE

CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

early morning it was crowded by thousands
of men, women, and children, After a sol-
emn requiem by the Metropolitan and cler-
gy, the relatives and friends of the dead
treated each other to kutia, or rice boiled
with raisins, and drank in memoriam vodka,
or rye whisky. In half an hour there could
be heard not only loud weeping, but singing,
swearing, and boisterous laughter.

Tur Saturday Review says that the num-
ber of autumn sojourners in London is in-
creasing every year, and the people who
used to live in their back rooms now make
no secret of their whereabouts ; while as for
the male habitues, they may now be found
in scores not only among Guardsmen, Gov-
ernment functionaries, or business men, but
among those who have no particular tie that
binds them to one place more than another,
but who are getting sagacious enough to see
that they have, on the whole, a better chance
of enjoying themselves by maintaining their
headquarters in London than by restless
flittings to and fro.

A GENTLEMAN in London lately took a bad
half sovereign. He asked sundry experts if
it might possibly be good, but they were
unanimous that it was not; and so he put it
away in the corner of his pocket and resign-
ed himself tothe loss, But it happened that
in the evening he took a cab and drove about
to so many places that, feeling for change,
he discovered that he had not enough to pay
the fare, Forgetting all about the halt
sovereign being bad, he handed it to the
cabman, asked for change, which the man
gave him, and then drove off hurriedly.
Just then the fare remembered, and, not
wishing to ‘‘do,” the cabby, called out :—
‘*Here! that money is bad!” ‘It’s quite
good enough for you!” retorted the man,
turning round with a grin. The fare looked
at the half crowns, and at once suspected
that they were bad, as proved to be the
case ; but the long drive had been enjoyable,
and on the whole the cabby hardly got the
best of it.

oo 8

Buried for Years in a Cavern.

A few days ago Mrssrs. D. E. Doane, W.
H. Enfield, and W. W. B'ake were survey-
ing and locating the boundaries of tbe
Chihnahuo mine in the Magdalena moun-
tains, about twenty-five miles west of So-
corro, where they made a somewhat start-
ling discovery. In chaining down the hill
from the centre stake to the west-side line
they passed nearly over an opening in the
rocks that was about three feet long and
fourteen inches wide. A small dead tree
about fifteen fect in length was let down into
the aperture, and immediately disappeared
from view. A young pine tree thirty feet
long was then chopped down and a ladder
hastily improvised therefrom. Carefully let
down, it finally found secure foothold, and
two of the party descended into the cavern,
By the aid of some lighted pine knots they
discovered that they were in the centre of a
room about thirty feet square. Continuing
their explorations, they found natural tun-
nels leading to two other but smaller cham-
bers. The ceiling of the main room was
fully twelve feet from the floor, In one
corner of this room were found the bones of
a human being. A portion of the rock over-
head had fallen in and buried the greater
number of the bones, but one of the collar
blades and a bone from the forearm were
obtained in excellent state of preservation.
Pen can not portray the agony which the
solitary occupant of this ‘‘dead man’s cave”
must have endured during his last hours.
He could scarcely have been a lone prospec-
tor lured to his doom years ago by a fatal
curiosity, as no sane man would undertake
to explore the cave without first sounding
its depths, Besides this, the pioneer of the
Magdalens, Mr. J. S, Hutchinson,says that,
to his knowledge, no prospector has been
missed during the last fourteen years. It is
thought that the Apaches, having knowledge
of this subterranean prison, must have com-
pelled some unfortunate captive to descend
into the eave and tauntingly left him to his
fate. How well might the inscription over
the entrance to the infernal regions, as re-
corded in Dante’s ‘‘ Inferno,”

Who enters here leaves hope behind,
be applied to this dismal dungeon. The
last chapter of the life of the tenant of this
cell would make abundant material for a
romance of the border.
+ er

Atronso makes the Palace hideous by
singing ‘‘ Baby Mine.”

Tue Czar has become so nervous that a
sound of a wash boiler falling down stairs
at midnight, will raise him out of bed before
it strikes the third stair,

EMINENT PEOPLE.

Dr. TANNER lectured at Lawrence, Mass.,
and took in only $2.75. With his peculiar
ideas of gastronomy he ought to live sump-
tuously on that,

Tue Queen of Sweden, who is very ill,
has gone to Antwerp to place herself, as her
Jast chance of reoovery, in the hands of a
celebrated physician.

Qurrw VICTORIA is a poor speaker, She
wouldn’t draw worth a cent as a lecturer.
Her last speech had the effect of dispersing
Parliament, to which it was addressed.

Tue cruise of Mr, Gladstone, his family
and friends, in the Grantully Castle, cost a
very large sum of money, the whole of
which was defrayed by Mr. Donald Currie,
an English merchant, and his partner.

WHEN that baby Princess of Spain grows
up and finds how mad everybody was about
it, she won’t feel greatly flattered. The
nearest she can come to it is to wear a Der-
by hat and bang her hair,

Mr. Rupert Kerrie is about to have
greatness unexpectedly thrown upon him,
Mr, Gladstone having advised the Queen to
grant him knighthood for his tact and energy
in preventing many strikes, aud his plan of
arbitration boards, which have worked so
well in the north of England.

Mr. Fawcerr, the British Postmaster-
General, has a new plan for facilitating the
savings of the poor. A saving child may now
get an official strip of paper intended to
hold twelve stamps, add a stamp at a time
to it as he can save a penny, and, when itis
full, take it to the postoffice and get a sav-
ings bank receipt for a shilling, the mini-
mum deposit which it will pay the Postoflice
Savings Bank to take

RECENTLY an American traveller saw on a
hotel register the name of ‘‘Sir A. T. Galt,
and fifteen children.” The latter were ush-
ered into the dining-room by their gover-
ness, and were mostly fine-looking, well-be-
haved girls. Britons allude to Americans, in
a cynical way, as the people who particu-
larly overdo things. But when it comes to
fifteen young Canadian girls, it seems to us
that it is rather ‘‘ crowding the mourners.”

ABEDDIN PasHA, Minister of Foreign Af-
fairs, presented himself the other day be-
fore the Sultan in such a very seedy coat
that his Majesty could not refrain from
suggesting to him that it was only decent he
should put on his best clothes when be was
going to see his sovereign. Abeddin replied
humbly that he had put on his very best.
Whereupon the Sultan directed cne of his
secretaries to give an order on the Imperial
tailor to rig the Pasha out completely.
Abeddin accordingly ordered thirty-five
coats, thirty-five waistcoats and the same
number of every other garment. Since then
the mean attire of the functionaries who
have been called to the palace has been
quite striking, but none of these imitators
have as yet excited the Sultan’s commisera-
tion.

Aw Englishman who knows the Baroness
Burdett Coutts well says her vitality and
energy are extraordinary. When she is per-
fectly well she defeats her age by a dezen

ears. Sheisa good horsewoman, and is
still fond of exercise, and she walks with an
elasticity which many a younger woman
might envy. Her capacity for business has
long been known; and though her benevo-
lence is boundless, no begging impostor
could ever hope to outwit her. She has all
the shrewdness of the Charity Organiz tion
Society, without the callous cynicism
which makes that body nothing more than a
system of police. Her knowledge of poli-
tics and politicians extends over half a cen-
tury ; and as she can write as well as speak
with no little grace and force, a book of her
recollections should have greater interest
than anything of the kind which has been
published for many years.

A LATE number of the London Truth con-
tains a statement in reference to William H.
Vanderbilt and Meissonier, which is quite
characteristic of the prompt, decisive way
in which the former acts, While paincing
Mr. Vanderbilt, Meissonier observed :
‘«There is one picture that I really loved,
and unh»ppily it isin Germany. It repre-
sented General Dessaix in the middle of a
plain, questioning some peasants, It was
fine; it was very fine. Petit sold it to a
German, a Dresden man, long before the
war, for 30,000 francs. I have done every-

thing to get that picture back tu France, to
ransom it from its captivity in Germany.
Petit offered the owner as much as 100,000

francs for it, but he would not sell I never
think of it without a real pang.” ‘‘ Ah!
said Mr. Vanderbilt, beginning to talk of

something else. A few days afterward Meis-

sovier went to dine with Vanderbilt. Upon
entering the ealon there wae his Dresden
yicture facing him upon an easel, ‘‘ 1 bought

it by telegraph for 150,000 france,” quietly
remarked Vanderbilt. ‘‘ lt was a simple
enough matter, you perceive, to get the
picture,”

Mr, Epison is among the prophets once
more. He has now perfected the Japanese
bamboo for the carbon loop, and in four
weeks will have his shops and eight miles
of street Jamps lighted. He has facilities
for making 1,000 lamps a day, and a man
engaged in canvassing the lower part of New
York City for customers. From the fig-
ures of the amount of gas and steam power
used he calculates to introduce his light at
such prices as will send the gas companies
into the milk or grocery business. The
wires will be laid down in December, “‘ The
gas companies,” he says, ‘‘are fighting hard
to keep the city authorities from giving us
permiesion to lay wires, but they are butting
agaipst a wall. Their days are numbered.”
The lights which went out last winter burn-
ed alittle while and then were only used
for experimental purposes. Some of them
lasted 900 hours; but others only a few
days. They were abandoned and the bam-
boo fibre substituted. ‘The chorus of abuse
and ridicule which greeted me in January
last,” he says, ‘induced me to work
without noise.” The details are now per-
fected, and he seems almost as positive of
his success as he was eight or ten months
ago.

—_————»> +_<-@r_ + o> _—_—_—_

Wonderful Swimming of a Scotch Girl

The young lady who has shown this won-
derful endurance in water is a Miss Lizzie
Gow, who swam from Dunoon to the S!och
Lighthouse, and was in the water one hour
and fifty-three minutes. She is only 16
years of age, and when it was known that
she intended to swim the channel, a gentle-
man also essayed to accomplish the feat.
He swam vigorously for about a mile, when
he was forced to take refuge in a boat, com-
pletely benumbed. Before mid-channel was
reached Miss Gow’s hands were benumbed,
and she turned on her back and chafed them
afew moments. Refreshed by the rest, she
again proceded on her way. At this point
she was joined by her brother from one of
the boats following her, whois a splendid
swimmer and diver, but he also had to suc-
cumb, after being half an hour in the water,
Left alone, she followed the leading boats
with indomitable pluck, and gradually near-
ed the shore. The current was now, un-
fortunately, very strong against her, and
her failing strength was unable to fight
against the tide, and she made little or no
progress. When within fifty yards of the
shore she complained of cramp, and her
friends advised her to leave the water. She
complied, reluctantly, and, after entering
the boat, was carefully attended to. After
partaking of refreshments and rsting an
hour she returned to Dunoon, none the
worse for her daring swim.

+ a
A Bloody Room-Mate.

It was at the time of a county fair, and the
village was crowded.

A man, carrying two round bundles care-
fully tied up, knocks at the door of an inn
and asks foraroom, They tell him that the
best they can vive him is a room with two
beds, one of which is already occupied. Un-
der the circumstances he is obliged to accept
the vacant bed. The occupant of the other
is fast asleep and snoring loudly when he
enters the chamber. But he takes him
by the shoulder, wakes him up rudely, and
asks :

‘¢ Are there any rats or mice here 2”

‘¢ T believe not, sir.” :

‘* All the better, for they gnaw everything
they can tind. Now, I have there,” added
the newcomer, point'ng to the round bun-
dles, ‘‘the heads of two persons whom I ex-
ecuted this morning, that I am taking to Pa-
ris, and you understand if there were any
rats or mice——”

‘* Heads of persons !” exclaimed the other,
turning pale.

Five minutes after, the possessor of these
horrible tr phies was alone in the chamber,
where he slept comfortably until morning.

The bundles were merely two melons.

Ir is said that profanity has increased fifty _

per cent. in this country since the telephone
came into general use. The boy in the
central office is all to blame,

Se ee a

=

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

The Wheat Crop of 1880.

——=

Where It is Grown—Its Extent—
Its Amount.

What Shall We do With It ?-How Much
Willit Brine ?

(From the Milwaukee U. S. Miller.)

Within the memory of men now in active
business the wheat crop of the United States
was no element in the food supply of the
world, outside its own borders,

Thirty years ago, American grain or provi-
sions was not a known quantity of Europe,
as there were no surplus for export, At that
time, Europe, however hungry she might
be, fed herself, or starved.
from England, which, owing to her small
area of land, as compared with her popula-
tion, has been for a century the great food-

consuming country of the world, drew her

supplies from the wheat fields of Russia,
through the Baltic ports, and from the Med-
iterranean ports of North Africa,

Each geographical division of the globe:
Europe, Asia, Africa, and America fed
themselves, or starved. The great wheat
fields of to-day were unknown and unexist-
ent,

Now, through the medium of steam trans-
portation, and the settling up of newer re-
gions, the source of supply has been changed
and most marvellously increased, while the
point of consumption remains nearly the
same,

England is still the point to which the
surplus food of the world flows for a final
market, Europe is the only division of the
habitable globe that does not produce
enough to eat. Russia, until the past fifteen
years, furnished the surplus of wheat re-
quired to supply any European deticit,
Since then marked changes have occurred in
the sources of supply, and America, to-day,
is furnishing so much of the wheat as to
have become prime factor in the trade, fur-
nishing, during the past year, 175,000,000
to 180,000,000 bushels in wheat and flour,
of a deficit of 250,000,000 bushels, The
balance of the deficit was not furnished, as
formerly, by Russia entirely, but from
sources even newer than America: India
and Australia,

Russia is now the only European country
that is counted on for any surplus, and as it
is reported that, on failing crops, she can no
longer be depended on for any definite sup-
ply, it is as well in all calculations to ig-
nore her as a source of supply, although for
years to come she will probably furnish a
large but quite variable and indefinite quan-
tity of the deficit.

The countries now looked upon as the
wheat purveyors of Europe are North
America (the United States and Canadas),
India and Australia, of which America is of
paramount importance, as she is able to sup-
ply any probable deficit alone.

In the United States only a small section
comprises a wheat belt now under cultiva-
tion that produces an excess of the require-
ments of the population, Only nine States,
according to the returas of last year, pro-
duced an excess for export, viz. : Minneso-
ta, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Michigan, Wis-
consin and Nebraska, on the Atlantic slope,
and California and Oregon on the Pacific,
The adjoining Territories are, however, be-
ing rapidly developed, and will this year go
to swell largely the increased productions of
the States above named,

It will be noticed that the wheat territory
is confined to the section north of the Ohio,
and west of the Mississippi river, and to the
great Pacific slope. The great unsurveyed,
and as yet unsettled, areas, in the tract thus
imperfectly described, adapted to the raising
of wheat, is practically illimitable. Not one-
tenth of the land is yet occupied, and if it
were all under cultivation, as are the older
parts of Minnesota, would produce in one
year sufficient to supply twice the quantity
the whole world requires. The world’s pre-
sent consumption of wheat is estimated at
2,000,000,000 bu. The present production
of the American wheat belt is about 500,-
000,000 bu. With the undeveloped lands
constantly being utilized, the increase in
wheat production is likely to far outstrip
that in other portions of the globe, and only
the interposition of obstacles to the free
movement of the wheat to points of con-
sumption can thwart the apparent destiny of
this country as the granary of the world for
‘ears, if not centuries, to come.

“oe that lying within the boundaries of the

dl States 1s to be added a vast area in

The demand

the Dominion of Canada, stretching along
the lakes, through the Red River country,
and ending in a vast unsettled region, be-
lieved to be admirably adapted to the raising
of small grains. ,

The wheat crop of the United States is de-
signated by two generic terms—‘‘spring”
aud ‘‘ winter.” The spring wheat is grown
on the lands north of the parallel of 40 de-
grees, and mostly in the States and Territo-
ries north and west of the foot of Lake
Michigan. The spring wheat section com-
prises the States of Wisconsin, Minnesota,
Iowa, and the adjoining Territories.

The winter wheat States comprise, on the
eastern slope, Michigan, Lllinois, Missouri,
Kansas, Nebraska, and all the States south
of the Ohio river, as well as the entire Pa-
cific slope, comprising California and Ore-

on,

e The production, owing to the immense in-
crease in California, Oregon, Missouri, and
the States along the Ohio valley, has for the
past year made winter wheat the prime fac-
tor in the trade, It is harvested earlier
than spring wheat, and goes into the chan-
nels ot trade before the spring wheat is gar-
nered,

The rapid opening up and settlement on
the Dakota and other noithwestern lands, is
again increasing the supply of spring wheat,
and may ultimately give it the preponder-
ance, as to quantity, which it formerly held.

TuE Crop or 1880,

The reports throughout the harvest sea-
son were, as usual, conflicting, but at the
close of this week the wheat of the whole
country is garnered, and the reports are
nearly unanimous that the crop is bounteous
and the quality excellent,

WINTER WHEAT.

The harvest commenced earlier than usual
in the Southern States, and was unexcep-
tionally good both as to quality and quantity,
—so good as to fore3 an unusua] amount into
market during the past month, Michigan
reports a crop of 34,000,000 bus. of white
winter wheat against 31,000,000 Lus. last
year, Illinois and Indiana show a much
larger acreage and a better yield. On the
Pacific coast the increase both in acreage and
yield is large. The San Francise) Jowrnal
of Commerce estimates the crop at 56,000,000
bushels, which is im excess of the crop of last
year 20,000,000 bushels, or nearly 40 per
cent, Oregon reports a gain of 30 per cent,
both in acreage and quantity. It is believed
that there is a surplus from export from Cuali-
fornia and Oregon of not less than 45,000,000
bushels, the San Francisco Journal of Com-
merce estimating the surplus of the State of
California alone at 25,650,000 centals—42, -
750,000 bushels.

/
Spring WHEAT,

The spring wheat sections have doubtless
produced an amount of wheat largely in ex-
cess of the bounteous harvest of last year.

In Wisconsin, floods on the riversand unpro-
pitious weather have, in some parts of the
State, nearly destroyed the crop, but the
damages have not been in the best wheat-
growing sections, and the crop of the whole
State it is believed will aggregate as large as
last year, although owing to the fact that
the southeastern portion of the State has
turned largely to winter wheat, the supply
of spring wheat may show a slight decrease.

In Minnesota, which leads all others in
the production of spring wheat, the crop is
all harvested, is of excellent quality, and
simply enormous in quantity,—the lowest
estimate being 10,000,000 bus. in excess of
last year, and the agyregate quantity being
estimated at from 38,000,000 to 45,000,000
bus ; 40,000,000 bus. is certainly not an
extravagant estimate of the yield of that
State this year.

Iowa gives only a moderate report, al-
though the acreage has been considerably
increased, If she furnishes as many bushels
as last year, it will be better than we expect.

Beyond these Stat.s. away ovt as far as
railroads go, there is nothing but unieter-
rupted reports of great harvests of spring
wheat, waiting purchasers and transparta-
tion, The area of wheat acreage along the
line of the Northern Pacific Railroad is esti-
mated at 10,000,000 acres against a known
acreage of 6,000,000 acres last year. At the
very moderate estimate of 10 buahels to the
acre, this would give 100,000,000 bushels of
wheat in that region, one-half of which has
never entered into any statistical statement
before,

Thus having ina general way reviewed
the situation we come, in the absence of

figures, which will be accessible to nobody
till the wheat is sold and passes into the
cnannels of trade, tothe attempt to estimate
the volume of the enormous crop that is now
gathered,

——

THE AMOUNT IN BUSHELS,

The crop of last year, according to the
reports based on what has already gone into
channels of trade, was 450,000,000 bushels.
There is certainly no State in the Union
that records a less yield than last year.
Taere is to be added to the product of last
year the acknowledged increase in Minneso-
ta vf 10,000,000 bushels, in California of
20‘000,000 bushels, in Dakota of, say 1,000,-
000 bushels, in Michigan of 3,000,000 bush-
els, and that of all the outlying territory
along lhe lines of Western railways which
cannot yet be ascertained, except in a gene-
ral way not reducible to figures,

Assuming the crop of 1879 to be correctly
stated at 450,000,000 bushels, there can be
no reasonable doubt that that of the present
year will exceed 480,000,000 bushels, and is
quite likely to reach 500,000,000 bushels.
The increased acreage reported by the Agri-
cultural Bureau as sown this year, corrobor-
ates our estimate if the yield does not fall
below the average for the past len years.

The question now paramount is, What
shall we do with it? We may, although no
country ever did, use for seed and home
consumption 5.5 bushels per capita, which
for 50,000,0f0 of pppulation would dispose
of 275,000,000 bushels, This leaves, esti-
mating the crop at 480,000,000 bushels,
205,000,000 bushels surplus. Add to this
the visible supply reported last week, of
13,000,000 bushels, and it shows a surplus
of 218,000,000 bushels.

Last year, under a most extraordinary
demand from Europe, we exported 180,000, -
000. This is hardly likely to occur during
this yeur. The general harvests in Europe
are, instead of being unexceptionally poor,
ss last year, fairly good, and cons« quently
no demand above ordinary years can be
reasonably expected.

The followiug table shows the exports of
wheat and flour, and the price of wheat for
the past ten years, also the acreage, yield
and products in the United States :

*SUVaA

(a4
(as
9%
XG
9%
xd
G
0%
61
SI

668
099
OFS
120
120
9L9
6S8
£68
16¢

Gol StF
GEL OCF
POL FYE
98E 68%
9EL' 26%
Ol 698
$92 18B
166 6%
GEL 08%
¥88

SIL
00%
9F1
00¢
000°
ooL*
ooL*
Oot
00F*
001

vee

StS

£08800
FEF OFE
6LL°C69
00869

66F

‘968

‘$68

‘008
066'089'F6z
668 ‘LOL'16Z :
G08 ‘F6c'EzE
GLE ‘O8L ‘01s
028 ‘LTF ‘06
SF0*s99*

O8T
0ST
26
Lg
PL
@L
16
ag
8g
6g

000000
909 Z0S
929 1F1
9F6'6FT
2890S
LIS‘ZI6
862019
SIL‘ 10
So

raat

from the above table it will be seen that
the average export demand for Europe, add-
ing the extraordinary demand for the past
two years, is less then 86,000,000 bushels
per annum, It is thcrefore hardly to be ex-
pected that the apparent surplus will find
an ultimate market at present prices.

The crop will start from the granaries of
the farmers, and after going through the ed-
dies of speculation, and resting in the ponds
of local trade, find its level at much lower
prices than have ever before been known in
this country.

There are, however, counteracting influ-
ences which it may be well to consider. .

The sparse supply of the European coun-
tries for the past two years has entirely de-
pleted the ordinary reserve. With a revival
of business, and a reinforcement of their

prrchasing pomes which has - so weak
or the past two years, they would not o:
buy what was demanded for immediate on
sumption, but refill their exhausted grana-
ries, So, at fair prices, the immense surplus
of the American wheat caop of 1880 may be
disposed of,

It will, however, find its path to a legiti-
mate market through devious ways. Specu-
lation will stand in its way, although alti-
mately it will force its own channel,

As to the price of the article, that is ‘‘a
thing no man will find out”—that it ought
to be lower than ever before, under the law
of supply and demand is certain, Escopine
corn, there is no product of the earth in su
superabundance as wheat, and, relative to
other necessities of life, it must take a much
lower range in price than now obtains be-
fore it can be consumed,

MINES AND MINERALS.

OUR MINERAL RESOURCES,
In the next issue of the LuMBERMAN, w

propose to follow up the important subject
the mineral resources of Canada, and will
refer at some length, to a sketch by Mr, Gar-
ret, a well-known Geologist at Ottawa, of the
economic minerals, which are to be found in the
Ottawa Valley.

Phosphate Mining in Quebec.

Montreal, Oct. 2.—There is a good deal
of misstatement going abroad in regard to
the transaction between Messrs. Dion Bros.,

hosphate manufacturers, of Granville,
Pidive, and the Local Government. It is
asserted in a local journal this evening, that
the firm in question has obtained a large
amount of phosphate land in this province
from the Government. Your correspondent
was informed by the Premier this evening
that there has not been granted a s’ngle acre
of the public lands, and what is more, itis
not contemplated to grant any. Some
time since the head of the firm, who is here,
made an offer to the Government to establish
extensive works for the manufacture of sul-
phuric acid, which is used in the reduction of
phosphates, to be used as a fertilizer. They
stated that seaweed, which was one of the
substances necessary, could be easily procur-
ed at the Saguenay, and other places in Can-
ada. The Dion firm is largely en in
the same business in France, and the Gov-
ernment, looking upon the proposal as one of
infinite importance to this province, agreed,
if Messrs. Dion would carry their proposal
into effect within one year, to grant them a
bonus of $4,000 per annum for ten years, on
condition of their supplying to the order of
the Government up to 2,000 tons per annum
for the same aia at $26 per ton. This is
considered a cheap price, as the same kind of
fertilizer impo here costs at Peay 4e
per ton. Mr. Dion agreed to the Govern-
ment terms, whereupon an order-in-

was passed granting the bonus, and here the
matter rests. No agreement or anything else
has been signed, but there is no doubt so ad-
vantageous an enterprise as the one in ques-
tion will be entered upon without delay. It
is the Messrs. Dion's intention to purchase
mines immediately, and they expect to con-
vert about 50,000 tons annually into manure,
Nothing definite yet has been determined up-
onas to the sight of the factory, further than
that Montreal is considered the most central
point for it. The outlay of money which this
enterprise wiil cost the Messrs Dion will be
enormous, but they expect to meet with a
large return. The advantage of the —.
ment which the Government has made for
the province can be estimated, when it is
stated that Mr. Joly offered Mr. Goldring if
he would erect such a factory,$10,000 per an-
num. The quantity of phosphates to which
the Government will be entitled will be dis-
tributed to the farmers through the local ag-
ricultural societies.

Phosphate mining inJOttawa county is quite
brisk. Mr. William McIntosh, agent for the
Pickford Fertilizing Company of London,

England, is working the High Rock Mine
formerly owned by Richie & Co. The mine
has been worked for the last two months, and
some 900 tons of phosphate have been taken
out, and twelve men are constantly employ-
ed. Mr. J. McFarlane & Bros. are wor
the Preston property. They have taken out
about 600 tons this season. Messrs Hum-
hrey and Adams at the Gore of Templeton,
= extracted about 600 tons with a small
force of men.

A MAN being tormented by corns, kicked
his foot through a window, and the pane
was instantly gone,

ON

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

tim from the car before the train stopped.
The ruffian then escaped with hie booty, but
was followed by the half-stupefied, badly
injured man, who staggered on the platform
and gave an alarm which led to the capture
of his assailant. This strange affair took
pare in a car (of the London underground
ine), of which the two men were the only
occupants. Mr, Justice Stephen, in passing
sentence, said it was ‘‘the moet cowardly
and brutal outrage that had ever been
brought under his notice.” He marked his
sense of horror, as well as made the sen-
tence a wholesome caution to all other like-
minded desperadoes, by prefixing the thirty
lashes to the twenty years’ imprisonment.
The prisoner would not have flinched from
the incarceration, but he winced terribly
under the judgment of the cat, as if he al-
ready felt her nine tails raising wales on hie
bare back,

It is the uniform experience of British
Judges that corporal punishment is the most
certain known deterrent of cowardly and
brutal offences, When any peculiarly
shocking crimes against the person begin to
become common in England, the Judges al-
ways check it by ordering a doze of the cat,
well laid on, in addition to a long term of
imprisonment with hard labour. This is the
best known preventive of outrages on wo-
men and children. It is the only thing that
has put a stop to garrotting. Its success is
so marked in the declining frequency of cru-
el and malicious assaults upon the person in
Englend that the British public almost un-
animously approve of it. Only a little mi-
nority of those philanthropists whose sympa-
thies for criminals rise in exact proportion to
the diabolism of their proteges, continue to
protest against the lash as a remedial agent
of society. While that agent does so man-
ifestly good a work in England, it will be ju-
diciously conserved there. The theoretical
opposition to it in the United States is wide-
spread and intense, as any man finds out to
his cost who proposes to reintroduce it in
our judicial system. But now and then
thinking Americans will brave the conse-
quences,and ask themselves and their neigh-
bours if corporal chastisement, so common
among our ancestors as a penalty for minor
violations of law, might not be revived,
with signal advantage to society, for the
punishment of certain specially atrocious
crimes.

correspondent on the future prospects of Gored by an Angry Bull.
affairs in the Hast are worthy of attention.

‘* What Said will do now that he is again
responsible in the eyes of Kurope, remains to
be seen, What particular bait he will dangle
before the powers, what apple of discord he
will throw among them, what new and un-
expected device he will hit upon to ward off
the impending catastrophe, it is impossible
to conjecture, He has proved himself more
than a match for such distinguished and
tried statesmen as Khaireddin Pasha and
Mahmoud Nedim Pasha, both of them ex-
Grand Viziers, with far more real states-
manship than this pliable adventurer, It is
possible he may still pilot Turkey through
the storm; but on the face of it his reap-
pointment augurs badly for the success of
Mr, Gladstone’s policy, for there cannot be
a question that Said Pasha is the personifi-
cation of that passive resistance and that
determined hostility to the foreigner which
are especially acceptable to the Sultan. He
is opposed to all internal reform, for he de-
pends for support on those who fatten by
abuses, and, being utterly destitute of any-
thing like a sentiment of patriotism, he
would unhesitatingly wreck the ship of
State ifhe thought that the advice that
would save it, might be unpalatable to the
Sultan, and therefore wreck Said Pasha.

This has always beenthe trouble. Noone
dares to tell the Sultan the facts. Honest
men who endeavour to open his eyes to the
dangers by which he is surrounded, and give
him advice which is unpalatable, because it
implies concession to the foreigners and the
introduction of reforms by which his own
power. would be limited, he distrusts, and
finally gets rid of ; and there are always to
be found plenty of self-seekers who see that
the royal road to favour is by confirming him
in all bis prejudices, exciting his suspicions
against the men they fear because they are
honest, while they encourage him in his
belief that the only true policy is one of de-
termined obstinacy and defiance in so far as
the European powers are concerned,

Hence it is that the calculations of those
powers are always wrong. Knowing the true
state of the case, they suppose that the
Sultan knows it too, andthey cannot under-
stand an infatuation which impels him to
his own destruction, This has been the
secret of his passive obstructiveness, The
explanation of the recall of Said Pasha to
power is that the Sultan wishes to be
strengthened in his attitude of resistance,
and to believe that the danger is not so
great as it is represented to be. Said is quite
ready, for his own purposes, to confirm his
Majesty in this view, and to give him the
advice which he thinks will be most agree-
able to him, perfectly regardless whether it
is the best under the circumstances,

+O +

The Raising of the Tay Bridge Girders.

“THE SULTANS EVIL GENIUS.”

THE MAN WHO SWAYED THE DESTINIES OF AN
EMPLRE—A THOROUGHLY UNSCRUPULOUS
FELLOW—MORE THAN A MATCH FOR THE
DIPLOMATS OF EUROPR,

FARMER JOHN MURRAY'S BATTLE FOR LIFE IN
HIS STABLE—THE GROANS THAT CALLED

MRS. MURRAY TO THE RESCUE OF HER
HUSBAND,

John Murray is a farmer living in Walker
avenue, near Grand Avenue, Greenville, N.
J. His two story-house stands in the ave-
nue, and behind it he pastures his cattle.
The animals are housed at night in small
sheds, one story in height, in the rear of his
house, In his herd is a young short-horn
bull, The bull is a wiry animal, but has
heretofore never shown an ugly disposition.
On Wednesday evening Mr, Murray went
out of the house, saying to his wife that he
had forgotten to give the animals a drink of
water all round. He would do it before he
went to bed. He had not been gone long be-
tore Mrs. Murray heard groans from the di-
rection of the barn, She ran out of doors
and called her husband’s name, There was
no reply, except another groan, that unmis-
takably came from the barn. Mrs. Murray
hastened to the barn, and as she approached
the bull bounded out of the stable and ran
into the open lot. She found Mr. Murray
lying on the stable floor, with his left hand
upon a wound in hisleft side. He had been
pierced by the horns of the bull so that part
of his intestines protruded. Mrs. Murray
called for help, and her sons came and aid-
ed her to carry Mr, Murray to the house.
Dr. Wilkezon of Bergen avenue was sum-
moned, and the wound was sewed up. He
says that three days at least must elapse
before he can announce positively whether
Mr, Murray is out of danger.

Mr. Murray was seen yesterday by a report-
erfor theSun. His bed wassurrounded by
sympathizing neighbours, He isin the prime
of life, and if an active life and a hardy
constitution can avail he seems pretty sure
to recover, He willingly related the story
of the struggle he had with the bull. He
said: ‘‘The bull is a young fellow and a
smart one, too, but I never knew him to be
ugly before. He seemed to be as gentle as
acow. It was my custom to tie him by a
rope; one end of the rope was around his
horns and the other end was fastened to the
manger. When I went into the stable I
untied the rope; and led him out peaceably
enough. When I attempted to lead him
back he hung back and yanked at the rope
viciously, I pulled at the rope and threaten-
ed and coaxed the bull by turns, and at last
got him inside of the stable. When I had
got him inside of the stable I was sure that
he was in my power, and as he gave a lunge
for the door I twitched the rope around his
horns as sharply asI could. This seemed to
make him mad. He made a dive at me and
I jumped to one side. Then I saw that [|
had my hands full. By this time I was
pretty mad myself. Sol gave the rope an-
other yank and yelled to the bull to behave
himself. I thoucht that I could frighten him.
But the next thing I knew he had pinned me
to the side of the stable with his horns. I
couldn’t catch my breath. His horns were
small and sharp, and he jabbed at me vic-
iously. I couldn’t get hold of his horns, and
there was no weapon within reach. My
back was against the stable and his horns
were against my abdomen. When he knew
that he had me he just lifted his head upand
pushed, and I could feel the flesh tear.
Then the bull relaxed his hold and I dropped.
Again he came for me and begun to gore and
toss me. I made a great outcry and he dart-
ed out of the door. Then my wife came to
my aid.

The London correspondent of the New
York Sun is personally acquainted with
Said Pasha, the new Prime Minister of
Turkey, or rather the old minister restored
to power. He has nothing good to say of
him, Here is the way in which he describes
Said’s rise to power. ‘‘In the early part
of last year he was Minister of Justice, and
the official world of Constaptinople was even
then surprised and disgusted at his sudden
rise to a position of so much influence. At
the commencement of the Russo-Turkish
war he had never been heard of. He was
then an obscure clerk in a public office, and
was brought to the notice of a very power-
ful personage in those days, Mahmoud
Damad Pasha, the Sultan’s brother-in-law,
and the evil genius of Turkey; for it was
owing to the unscrupulous ambition, the
jealousy of all rivals, and the overwhelming
influence which this thoroughly dishonest
man exercised over the mind of his Majesty,
that the latter refused to listen to the coun-
sels of wise and patriotic advisers, distrusted
all officers, naval or military, in his employ,
and confided the fate of his army to such
unmitigated scoundrels as Saleiman Pasha,
Eyoub Pasha, and others. Such a man,
universally mistrusted and detested by all
the better sort of Turks, needed some in-
strument as thoroughly unscrupulous as him-
self, and willing to do the dirty work which
formed the staple of his political occupation.
Such an instrument he iound in Said Pasha,
and as the use the latter could be turned to
was agumented just inthedegree in whichhe
was advanced in influence and position, the
Sultan was induced, by the advice of his
brother-in-law, to promote him with great
rapidity.” After the treaty of San Stefano
the Sultan, in a violent reaction of rage, sent
Mahmoud Damad into exile, from which he
has never been allowed to return, Said saw
the storm coming, prudently turned traitor,
denounced his former patron, and was finally
made Cabinet Minister. Here are first
impressions. ‘‘ Asa rule a Turkish Cabinet
Minister is cold, haughty, dignified and
reserved, but Said Pasha was exactly the
reverse of all this. Instead of a burly man,
sitting on a divan, with one leg tucked under |
him, imperturbably smoking a cigarette,
after the manner of a conventional Ottoman
functionary, I saw a Parisian looking little
creature trot into the room—a creature with
a restless, furtive eye, and a quick, uneasy
manner, in which extreme cunning seemed
blended in equal proportions with abject
servility. Had I been the representative
of a great power, he could not have been
more overwhelmingly civil, or more pro-
foundly distrustful of my intentions. But I
no sooner entered into conversation with
him than I was struck with the extraordinary
intelligence which his ferret-like features
displayed. Heis a very minute man, with
a stoop, and a remarkably soft, gentle voice.
He manages after a time to make you forget
your first mistrust, and reproach yourself
for having done him an injustice. It is only
after the wearisome experience of months
that you discover he has been from that first
interview you bitterest enemy; that the
salient points which he took care to dwell
upon in your conversation as more parti-
cularly meritorious are precisely those which
he has specially denounced, and that his
only object in keeping you on the most
friendly and confidential terms has been to
find out new ways of betraying your con-
fidence. When he discovers that you have
found him out he becomes invisible ; and, as
by this time most people have found him
out, he sees scarcely any one. When he
first became Prime Minister in October, last
year, his oily and engaging manner, and his
earnest professions of good faith, deluded
most of the diplomatic representatives at
Constantinople, but one by one they re-
marked his treachery, and finally, on the
arrival of Mr. Goschen, and at the instance
of the ei he a been forewarned
what manner of man Said was—the Su
dismissed him,” brs

GENERAL.

ALL reports from France and Italy agree
that the silk crop in those countries will be
more abundant this season than for the past
ten years. Advices from different districts
in Japan, announces that only about four
hundred and fifth thousand cartons will be
manufactured this year, and, as a consider-
able quantity will be required for home use,
it is expected that the cards available for
exportation will realize very remunerative
prices.

At the sale of a herd of a noble stock
owner in England, the other day, two young
bull calves of the purest bred short-horned
family to be found in Britain, and with a
pedigree back to the fifteenth generation,
were sold to tne owner of a Californian
ranch for 800 guineas apiece. The owner
had his costly purchases conveyed to town
ina special waggou, and then had their
lives insured at a high premium before start-
ing them on their long westward journey.

The work of raising the debris of the Tay
Bridge from the bed of the river is now com-
pleted. About 6000 tons of iron have been
recoverel and beached at Broughty Ferry
and Tayport, at a cost, it is reported, of
about £10,000 or £12,000. A considerable
preperrion of this expenditure will be met

y the amount derived from the sale of the
iron, In each of the twelve fallen piers
there were forty-two pillars, making a total
of 504, and the actual number recovered is
510, the half-dozen extra columns being those
which fell along with the two girders which
were blown down during the construction of
the bridge. Portions of those two girders,
to the weight of about 150 tons, which had
been left in the bed of the river, have also
been raised. The work of lifting the materi-
al was begun at the end of February, and
has been continued until the present time.
During the spring, however, the work
was greatly retarded by reason of the
weather, and the actual working time has
been only about four months. Mr. Armit,
who superintended the work on behalf of Mr.
Waddell, the contractor, deserves praise for
the vigour with which he has pushed on the
operations; and thefact that the work, which
was necessarily ofa very hazardous character,
has been successfully accomplished without
accident, is duein great measure to the care
which he exercised for the safety of the men
under his charge,

et ee ee

Messrs, McAllister & McLean have sold
their Pettawawa limits to James LeLean &
Co, The figure received, we believe, was
something over $130,000, a very handsome
and no doubt satisfactory one to the sellers,
who purchased the same limits something
over a year ago for only 40,000. This sale

A Hueoistic sketch : He was a newspa-
per mao. He carried a big club in his
hand. He walked firmly and determinedly
up stairs to the composing room. Hehada
bad look in his eye. He walked straight up
to where the intelligent compositor was ea-
gerly butchering manuscript. He raised his
club on high and felled the i. c. to the fioor.
He clubbed thei. c. intoajelly. He was
arrested and tried formurder. Heasked for
a jury of newspaper men and got it. The
jury, without leaving their seats, brought
in a verdict of justifiable homicide.- Solid.

No Christian grace is ]ikely to be called in-
to play more frequently than that of Mutual
forbearance. If we resent every apparent
injustice, demand the avenging of every lit-
tle wrong, and if all the other persons in the
circle of our acquaintance claim the same
privilege, what miserable beings we shall
be! We need to guard agains; a critical
spirit. Some people carry a microscope fine
enough to reveal a million of animalcule in
a drop of water, and with these can find
countless blemishes in the character and con-

Whipping for Certain Kinds of Crim-
inals.

(From the Journal of Commerce,)

On the 15th ult. one of the most brazen-
faced ruffians who ever stood up ina Bri-
tish court suddenly wilted and uttered a
scream on hearing the terms of the Judge’s
sentence, and was taken away in a fainting
condition. He had no defence. The evi-
dence against him was conclusive. He was
sure of conviction and of a severe sentence,
and he knew it. But he was not prepared
for one part of the punishment prescribed by
Mr. Justice Stephens. He screamed and al-
most fainted, not in view of the twenty
years of penal servitude, but because the
Judge ordered, as a fitting prelude, thirty
lashes from a cat-o’-nine tails, This man
had robbed and attempted to murder by
drugging, and then throwing from a railway
carriage, a travelling ce mpanion, in whose

riff raff of the palace, and through their in-
fluencemanaged to retain nearly all hisold au-
thority. owl rpm ee cf keeping up ap-
Pearances, at length dismissed ei, and
restored Said, This was a direct snub to

the ish Government at the very moment | demonstrates better than anything we have | confidence he had artfully i tiated him-] duct of the most saintly dwellers on”

Pj y ingratiace Im uct even % y rd
when ther naval demonstration had reached yet heard how the lumber traile rs “‘boom- | self. It would have ended in murder but for| earth. Bear and forbear is a good rule for
ite culminating point, The views of this! ing.”—Pembroke Obscrver, the inability of the assassin to eject his vic- all.

wy ms

‘

il ee Pl ee a ee ee

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

AGRICULTURAL NOTES.

Compostine is the art of mixing or-
ganic matter, such as straw, muck,
dead animals, etc., that must undergo
decompsoition before they become
available as plant food, with inorganic
matter that will absorb and retain the
valuable gases that the organic matter
would otherwise let pass into the air
and thus be lost. Such a mixture must
be kept moist, but not exposed to rains
that would wash away the valuable
soluble salts. Stable manure and
muck make an excellent basis for
a compost heap, with which ashes,
leached and fresh lime, weeds (not in
seed), waste matters, etc., can be mix-

ed.

Lice on Stock.—A number of let-
ters ask for remedies for lousy stock.
Vermin of some kind very frequently
infest domestic animals; they are
mostly of the louse type; small para-
sitic animals that must be removed by
the application of some insecticide. A
number of substances have been used
to a greater or less extent, of which a
few are mentioned below :—One pound
ot Tobacco and six o:nces of Borax
boiled in two quarts of Water, to which
Soft Soap enough is added to make a
thick paste, has proved a good ver-
min salve. A mixture of Carbolic
Acid and Soft Soap in the proportion
of one to four makes a compound easy
to apply, and very effectual. Shortly
after, the parts to which the soap mix-
ture has been applied should be washed
with pure water and a non-drying oil
rubbed on. Oil of Turpentine and
Lard Oil, equal parts, with a little Car-
bolic Acid, is perhaps the most conve-
nient mixture to make, and effectual
in its application. Animals that are
affected with vermin need better care
and higher feeding in order to overcome
the drain that those parasites make
upon the system.

Nurriment in Fruit.—The mind
grasps values by ccmparison. The
chemist tells us that an egg weighing
an ounce and a half is equivalent in
food material to 17 ounces of cherries,
or 22 oz. of grapes, 30 oz. of strawber-
ries, 40 oz. of apples, 64 oz. of pears.
We thus see that fruits are not very
solid food. But we do not think any
the less of cherries, apples, and pears,
because they are not as concentrated in
nutritive elements as the egg. They are
no less a part of the best food of the
human race, and most persons will con-
tinue to eat them.

PREPARING AND SEEDING GRouND
FoR Mrapow.—The practice of sowing
grass and clover alone without any so-
called foster crop is becoming general.
It is found that the supposed nursing
crop has quite a different effect from
fostering or encouraging the tender
gvass, but chiefly robs and destroys it,
unless the soil is unusually rich. The
more successful practice is to prepare
the soil by thorough ploughing—roll-
ing if necessary, and harrowing so as
to procure a fine tilth, and sow the
seed early in the spring, without any
accompanying crop. ‘The preparation
of the soil in the spring is completed
by a dressing of fine manure, and a
thorough harrowing, a shallow plough-
ing being given if necessary. Harrow-
ing will be sufficient in the majority of
cases. After a fine harrowing the secd
is sown. A mixture will be found
most satisfactory. Mixed crops, as a
rule, yield in proportion to the increase
of seed. Thus, a usual seeding of

‘imothy or Clover, or both, will give a

certain quantity of hay; if Orchard-
Grass is added, a crop of hay will be
taken equal in amount to that expected
from the Timothy or Clover, but two
or three weeks earlier. A second crop
may be taken later, of which the 'Tim-
othy will furnish the bulk, and the Or-
chard-Grass will fill up the bottom. If
Kentucky Blue Grass is added, or
Rhode Island Bont, a later crop will
be given, which can be mowed for
rowen, or will give the best fall pas-
ture without injury to the roots of the
Timothy or Orchard-Grass. The mix-
ture here indicated is one that may be
suggested for trial. It has been tried
and found successful and desirable in
all cases, and deserves a more extended
application. The seed has been sown
in the following proportions: One
bushel of Orchard-Grass, one-half
bushel of Kentucky Blue Grass, one-
half bushel of Rhode Island Bent, ten
pounds of Timothy, and six pounds of
Red Clover. The Blue Grass appears
later than the others, and fills up the
vacant spaces left by the failing clover,
which disappears after the second year.
The advantage of the mixture is chiefly
that a fine thick bottom is produced,
which covers and protects the ground
between the stools of the coarser grass-
es, and which furnishes a second crop
for hay and a third for pasture. For
soiling purposes the mixed seeding is
even more useful than for pasturage,
as the grass may be cut at any season
without danger of injury from a dry
spell. These particulars are more per-
tinent for the spring than the present
season, yet if one would avail himself
of them he must make preparation now,
and not delay.

GRAssES FoR Decoration.—A bou-
quet or vase of properly dried and
tastefully arranged grasses of the more
eraceful sorts, is a very pleasing decor-
ation for the parlour or sitting-room in
winter, The beauty of a grass depends
largely upon the delicacy of its flower
clusters, and their graceful and orderly
arrangement in the panicle or ** head.”
Asa type of beauty among the larger
grasses, a long feathery plume of the
Pampas Grass may be chosen, and in-
deed it is a very pleasing object when
preserved in its original shape and col-
our. We must here enter a protest
against the violation of nature by dye-
ing the plumes of grasses any colour
whatever. They, to our taste, can not
be improved upon by being coloured
a deep crimson, an unnatural green,
unpleasant black, or any other colour.
Grasses for their greatest beauty should
be gathered just as they are fully in
flower, and hung up or spread out to
dry in a place that is free from dust.
Ifa grass is gathered after it is begin-
ning to mature its seed, the floral parts
wiJl become brittle and soon fall to
pieces, and fail to be the objects of
beauty that they would be if gathered
when just at the opening of the flowers.
There are a number of native grasses
that are worthy of a place in such a
collection. In general, it may be said
that any grass that is attractive for its
delicacy, grace, and colour while grow-
ing in the field, will not be disappointing
when it is tastefully arranged in the
house.

eo ror

‘°T1s love that makes the world go
round.” It also makes the young man go
round—to the home of his girl about seven
nights per week.

Nickty coloured autumn leaves are worth
fifty cents per hundred pounds to bed street
car horses. Think of this as you feel the
sad tears rising.

PERSONAL.

Iv is a touching piece of self-forgetfulness
on the part of Queen Christina to name her
baby Mercedes, for her husband’s first love.

CurisTINE NILsson lately refused to sing
for a ‘‘ charity” at Aix-les-Bsins, where she
has been staying, dcclaring that charity be-
gan at home, and she was there to get rest.

Av arecent English wedding the bride’s
nephew, dressed in a ruby velvet Cavalier
suit, acted as page, holding the train; and
the thirteen bridemaids wore mob caps,

uffed sleaves, ling mittens, and paste

uckles,

MapAmeE BarBavutt, who was lately mar-
ried to Mr. Andrew Johnson, a relative of
the late ex-President of that name, has a
right to wear the title of Duchess of Bour-
bon. She has been for some years a teacher
of French in Erie.

Miss Firora Suaron, who is thought to
be a pretty and charming gir), the daughter
of the Silver Scnator, is to marry Sir Thos.
Hesketh, who, making a yachting tour
round the world, paused at San Francisco
just long enough to take the prize.

Tue picture of Madame Gerster-Gardipi’s
baby is describid by a bachelor as being
very pretty and winsome, which inclines one
to believe it remarkably attractive. The
child is ta’cen asleep in a wicker carriage,
over which is leaning the slender Italian
nurse,

Tue King of Denmark has given the
Bernhardt a gold medal surmounted by a
crown in Diamonds, and attached to the red-
bordered white ribbon of the Order of the
Danebrog—a distinction very rarely granted,
and but to two other women—Nilsson and
Trebelli.

Dr. TANNER crops up in the pages of
nearly every English periodical, and will be
referred to in every new encyclopedia and
thousands of medical works, If he has not
got money, he bas got,in six weeks,as world-

the Baroness died lately, without a will or
any record of his property, and in his room
were found two hundred and fifty thousand
pounds in Bank-of-England notes.

Tue Princess Beatrice is so marked in
her attentions to the ex-Empress as to
strengthen the popular belief that she was
intended for Fin daughter-in-law. The
Princess was the first to meet the imperial
lady on her return from Africa, going aboard
the ship, Lately the ex-Empress spent a
couple of days at Osborne, the Princess
crossing over to Portsmouth to escort her.
They walked about the grounds in the
maornings, and rode with the Queen in the
afternoons. It is understood that the ex-
Empress makes her future home at Arenen-
berg, her villa on Lake Constance—a place
already full of romant‘c and unfortunate as-
sociations,

AN English earl who, ever since the wed-

ding of the Duchess of Edinburgh, has de--

sired to have in his family a necklace like
the one worn by the Empress of Russia on
that occasion, but who had been deterred by
the simple fact that tbe Czarina paid nearly
a million dollars for hers, happened to men-
tion his wish to Mrs. Mackay, of Bonanza
fame, in Paris, and was advised by her to
look at diamondsin America. He has obey-
ed her instruction, and, for the sum of one
hundred and sixty thousand dollars,is about
to become the possessor of a necklace of
fifteen magnificent white stones, ranging in
size from that of a filbert to one three times
as large, and matchless in brillianey, to-
gether with a pair of solitaire ear-rings and
a brooch, in which seven large diamonds and
sixteen smaller ones imitate one of the earl’s
heraldic emblems,

oo
Dangers of the Sea.

The difference between handling a ship so
that she escapes a danger and in a way to
plunge her headlong upon it was doubly
illustrated on her last passage by the Algeria

wide a reputation as Wellington or Byron in | Which has. just arrived in New York from

as many years,

}
Tue Baroness de Hatzfeld, whose divonit|

for no other cause than that an ances

was at one time connected with the stage, is”
disgraceful alike to her husband and the
German court, is not a dauguter, as was re-

cently stated, or any blood-relation what-

ever, of Madame de Hegermann Linden-
crone, the w fe of the Danish Minister, bat
the sister of her first husband, Mr. Charles
Moulton, and the daughter of Mrs. arles
Moulton, nee Metz, of Paris, oe

Sir F. Roperts, the conquering hero of
Candahar and so-styled ‘‘Saviour of Af-
ghanistan,” is son of a clergyman of the
Established Courch in Waterford, Ireland.
His trother, Samuel U. Roberts, is one of
the Commissioners of the Board of Public
Works in Ireland. Sir ¥. Roberts is a
member of the order of Good Templars anda
staunch teetotaler. He has a Good Tem-
plar ledge attached to every regiment under
his command, Sir Garnet Wolseley is also
a to‘al abstainer.

THE daughter of an official in high life in
Vienna recently wore several times a superb
dress of dark green material, trimmed with
wreaths of leaves in another and lighter
shade of green. During the season the beau-
tiful complexion of the young lady under-
went a sudden change, and was ruined by a
painful and offensive eruption. After a time
her physician, baffled by the symptoms,
thought of the dress, had it subjected to a
chemical examination, and found enough
arsenic in the colouring to produce all the
mischief, and a great deal more.

Dora Youne, a favourite daughter of the
Prophet, and one of the heirs of a large por-
tion cf his property, was lately to be sven at
a Chicago hotel, and is described as a fine
looking person, dressed in good taste in
black satin and brocade, with costly rings
on her shapely hands. Her manners are
pleasing, and her conversution interesting.
She is attached to the memory of her father,
although she is no longer a Mormon, calls
the system a dreadful one, and says that the
Mormon wives, under their outward sem-
blance of good-will, hate each other with a
deadly hatred,

Tr is understc od that Lady Burdett-Coutts
will be given away, on the occasion of her
marriage, by the First Lord of the Admiral-
ty. The grandmother of this lady was a
servant in the house of a brother of the old
banker, Susan Starkie by name. He had
her carefully educated, and then married
her. Her daughters became Countess of
Guilford, Marchioness of Bute, and Lady
Burdett. Mr. Coutts’ second wife figures in
Vivian Grey as Mrs. Million, A brother of

ol, On her sixth day out the Al-
herself in a hcavy fog on the
Banks of Newfoundland. The ship was
feeling her way cautiously along, all eyes
‘and ears, so to say, when from over the port
bow there sounded a fog bell. It seemed
some distance off. But Capt. Gill, swift as
light, ordered a rever-e of the engines. The
eneyitiow reund, the great ship paused,
slowly backed, and none too soon, In a
‘trice there loomed up through the fog a
ee schooner rushing forward
full sail, Had the course of the Al-
geria been kept, had she failed to retreat at
the moment she did, a collision would have
been inevitable. The schconer flew on her
way straight across the foaming wake of the
steamship, and a terrible calamity that
might have cost hundreds of lives was hap-
pily averted. Very nearly the same thing
happened again on the same evening, the
dangerous craft that approached the Algeria
in this instance being another large steamer.
This time the stranger was not seen through
the dense mist, but the voices of persons on
her decks were heard with startling dis-
tinctness, and the escape was a as
nairow as in the case ot the schooner. Eter-
nal vigilance is 7s clearly the price of safety
at sea as it is of liberty everywhere.

, A Small Baby.

The Smyrna, Del., Temes of last week
contains the fo'lowing: ‘‘ Our town has a
baby that has attracted the attention of the
curious—men as well as women. It isa virl
babe that came to the household of Mr.
John Van Winkle, on Tuesday morning of
last week, which weighed a pound and
three-quarters, is 12 inches long, and is per-
fect in every way. Its wrists are about the
size of a man’s index finger, and a shoe one
and a half inches in length will incase its
foot, its head is about the size of a ball of
wrapping cotton, and its body not
than a man’s wrist. It is queen of
household it doing well, and the physicians
have hopes of itsbeing able before long to
paste its hair on its forehead and pilot some
unfortunste youth to an ice cream saloon,
_——oS

‘‘Yxs,” said Mr, Profundity, ‘it is the
silent forces in nature that are the most
potent. It is the silent strength of gravity
that binds the world together; it is the
silent power of light that gives life and
beauty to all things ; it is the silent stream
that is deepest; it is—’ ‘It is the still
sow that gets the most swill,” Mrs, P. put
in, seeing her liege lord had got to the end
of his rope of similes. It was kind of her,
but it somehow spoiled the effect of his dis-
sertation,

ee

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

WOMAN GOSSIP.

Fashion Notes

Puarbs will be the rage.

PoLoNAISES are very short.

PoLKA-DOTTED hose are fashionable.

BUSTLES are worn with all street costumes,

Doren fabrics of all kinds are to be worn.

Srrin@s of pears are braided or coiled in
the hair.

Gop and silver tinsel will be exccedingly
fashionable.

Tue Jersey and Pilgrim suits are both
English in origin.

TWILLED al]l-wool delaine is a very popular
fabric this autumn.

TuHE Derby hat will be very much worn
again this autumn.

QuILTED petticoats of satin or farmer’s
satin will be worn.

OLD FASHIONED neckerchicfs
popular with the ladies.

PowvDERED hair will probably be one of
the revivals this winter.

Lone plumes and broad ribbons are the
soul of millinery this season.

Many of the most elegant evening dresses
will be made short this winter.

FEe.t sirts are very handsome this year,
and come in all the new shades.

ORIENTAL coloured plaids of mammoth
size distinguish many ot the new goods,

JOcKEY costumes, consisting of long coat-
~ basque and plain skirt, are stylish.

BEAD-EMBROIDERED belts are worn with
the round waist, so fashionable this year.

HANDKERCHIEF dresses, of woolen fabric,
will be exceedingly , popular for fall and
winter wear.

PLaAcqgueE butions, in the centre of which
is a bunch of grapes or other truit, are
handsome.

JERSEY webbing or stockinet, in all the
new colours, is sold by the yard for corsages
and sleeves.

Crown braids and puffs are entirely out
of date, the fashionable coiffure being very
flat and smooth,

CASHMERE-COLOURED buttons and belt
buckles are seen on the Oriental costumes so
fashionable at present.

Corps, both beaded and plain, will be
largely used in trimming polunaises and out-
side wraps this fall.

Ricu, stiff, white satin, brocaded in silver
or gold, is the appropriate fabric for an ele-
gant wedding dress.

Wine Josephine belts are worn with almost

all costumes. These are sometimes laced in
front and at the back.

are very

Watts,
“THe sun shines for alJ,” while the moon
looks placidly down on a few spooney couples.

Wuar is the difference between a fixed
star and a meteor? One isa sun, the other
a darter.

Weppine cards are to be smaller than
ever and made as plain, quiet, and genteel
as possible.

Marriep life reaches its acme of happi-
bess when a woman can eat crackers in bed
without any complaint from her husband,

Ir is the dastardly young brother who re-
marks: ‘Sister Sal’s all the fashion now.
She wears a horse-belt round her waist, and
I expect she'll soon have a saddle and
bridle.”

From the satisfied expression that often
illuminates a lady’s face while she is gazing
in the mirror, the superstition has grown
that mirrors are in the habit of giving wo-
men ‘‘ taffy.”

Tue astonishment of the lightning when
Aja defied it was nothing as compared to
the feeling of the young man who makes his
best bow to a bevy of young ladies, and
bursts a suspender button in the act.

At a recent marriage the bride was a
oung damsel who had been a great flirt.
Vhen the clergyman asked the usual ques-

tion, ‘‘Who gives this woman away?” a
tye fellow present exclaimed, ‘‘I could,

t I won't.”

“O, Mr. Linceriz, you’ye got on your
freckled stockings!” exclaimed a sweet
child, on the Ocean house piazza, where that
| ornare was the centre of an admiring

imine group; “‘and Cousin Julia says
they just match your complexion !”

TODDLYKING is a very small man indeed,

three boys grew up to be tall, strapping

young fellows, and his wife began to cut
down their old clothes and cut them over
to fit him. And then, he said, he did get
mad,

““Wuar do you suppose 1’s] look like when
I get out of this?” indignantly inquired a
fashionably-dressed young lady of a con-
ductor of a fearfully overcrowded car the
other day, ‘‘A gocd deal like crushed
sugar, miss,” said the conductor. And the
Jady stood up and rode four streets further,
with the smile of an angel.
+*@+-4

No Bitterness.

THE QUIET WAY IN WHICH TWO OLD GENTLE-
MEN DISCUSSED POLITICS,

[Petroleum World. ]

Grandfather Lickshingle and Deacon Red-
spinner, two patriarchs in this community,
were walking down the street together yes-
terday. It was remarked that two such
venerable men were not often seen together,
andj eople raised their hats to them as they
passed along and spoke to them revereptly.

“ There’s entirely too much bitterness in
this campaign, deacon,” said Mr. Lick-
shingle, ‘‘and I regret it exceedingly. Now,
when we wuz young men, and took an in-
terest in politics, we had none of this ’ere
everlastin’ cat-haulin’,”

“Indeed we hadn,t,” acquiesced Deacon
Redspinner. ‘‘ Take Jackson’s campaign for
instance, There wuza lively interest taken
by both parties, but there wuz none of yer
bullyraggin’ like we see now-a-days.”

“ That’s a fact, deacon,” said old Lick-
shingle, ‘‘ but, between me and you, Inever
thought much of Jackson.”

‘* He was amighty good man, Lickshingle.”

*«He was small potatoes compared to some
men we have now, deacon.”

‘* Who d'ye mean,” demanded the deacon.

‘Well, there’s Garfield,” said Lick-
shingle,

‘Garfield be danged. You know mighty
well, Lickshingle, he couldn’t have been
“Jected hog-rieve in a hill town in Jackson’s
day.”

“* He’s a darn sight better man than Han-
cock.”

“Go slow, Lickshingle, go slow !” said the
deacon, somewhat agitated.

**Ob, I know what I’m talkin’ about,”’ re-
torted Lickshingle, as he stabbed the pave-
ment spitefully with his hickory cane.
‘* Hanceck’s a stoughton bottle, that’s what
he is.”

‘* An’ what’s Garfield? Great guns,
what’s Garfield? Didn’t he lay a Cheap-
John sort of a pavement arcund the capitol
and charge the government $1,000,000 for
it ?” and the deacon’s eyes blazed with in-
dignation.

**See here, deacon! Look at your man
Hancock’s letter to Sherman. Didn’t he
try to blow up Washington with glycerine ?
Say, didn’t he? Oh, I read the papers old
man, an’ know what’s going on.”

“« Hancock’s a good an’ pure man. Didn’t
he fight like a bull-dog in the war of the
rebellion? Where was Garfield skulkin’ in
the time of disaster ?
der, in Canady |!”

“* What wur Hancock doin’ with a stiletto
in his boot the night Lincoln was murder-
ed? Answer me that. If Wilkes Booth
had failed this Hancock was ready to finish
the job. Don’t taik tome! Don’t talk to
me !”

‘*Tt’s a lie !” howled the deacon, as he
whirled around and faced Lickshingle on the
street.

‘«Tt’s as true as holy writ, an’ any man’sa
liar that says so,” retorted Lickshingle, too
much wrought up to be particular as to his
phraseology.

‘© You’re a bald-headed old scroundrel,”
yelled the deacon.

‘*You’re an old leper, an’ I can wipe the
ground with you,” howled Lickshingle, gr°p-
ping his cane and advancing.

Fiiends jumped in and the two furious old
men were dragged away in opposite direc-
tions. The deacon squirmed around in the
arms of his captors, shook his cane at Lick-
shingle, and hissed :

“Your man Garfield would never have
gone into the army if he he hadn’t been
drafted, and he wouldn’t then, only he
thought he would be able to desert—the
onery son of a gun!”

_— St oor oo ——_

Tux late Rev. Dr. Symington, not feeling
well one Sabbath morning, said to his beadle
who was a ‘‘character:” ‘* Man Robert, I
wish you would preach for me the day.” ‘‘I
canna do that,” promptly replied Robert,

In Canady, by thun-

but he said he never minded it all until hig) “ but I often pray for you.” -
4 JS

- ee eae ee
SS SS EE SS

Jupiter in Perihelion.

Jupiter reached its perihelion, or nearest
point to the sun on Saturday. This is anas-
tronomical event of considerable importance,
a3 it occurs only once in about twelve years.
As the planet is some raillions of miles near-
er the earth than usual, an excellent oppor-
tunity is given for the study of its features.
Even the smallest telescopes wiil now show
some of the wonders of this great planet and
it system of satellites, and, with large tele-
scopes, astronomers hope, within a month or
two, to add much to our knowledge of the
chief member of the eun’s family. Jupiter
will remain the Jezding brilliant in the sky
throughout October, shining so brightly that
even Sirius must temporarily yield the
palm,

There is another reason for the interest
that Jupiter’s arrival at perihelion excites.
More than a year ago some professed scien-
tific person on the Pacific slope wrote a pam-
phlet on the terrors of the yerihelia of the
four great planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
avd Neptune, which, it was represented,
wou'd cecur nearly simultaneously, and with
these planets in conjunction, fearful results
to the earth were predicted, The false alarm
was spread by other pretended savants, and,
no doubt, awoke the fears, not merely of the
ignorant, but of persons who knew encugh
of astronomy to be aware of the gigantic at-
tractions that the planets exert upon one
another. Stories of plagues, pestilence,
famine, and death were based upon the sup-
posed influence of the perihelia. Mr. Proc-
tor and other astronomers sought to count-
eract the effect of this by showing, in the
first place, that it was not true that the
planets named would all be in perihelion to-
gether, In fact, Saturn dces not reach its
perihelion until 1885. U:anus will be in
perihelion next spring, but Neptane, will
not reach its nearest pcint to the sun until
six or Seven years hence. It was also denied
by scientific men of high authority that
there was any reason to tear evil results to
the earth, even though the predicted peri-
helia shonld occur very near together. S§ ill,
aJarm was felt, and no doubt, many persens
will be pleased to know that Jupiter, the
most powerful of all the planets, has reached
the dreaded perihelion point, and is already
turning to retrace his steps, without having
in any way injured his sister planet, the
earth.

That the sun has felt the approach of the
gr. at planet, was shown in the prevalence of
vast sun spots and outbursts of gaseous
matter, is not improbable, and through the
reflex action of the sun upon the earth our
our planet may, even now, feel the same in-
fluence in violent atmospheric phenomena.
It is difficult to realize the enormous power
of the bright speck, Jupiter, shining so
quietly in the sky. A recent writer has
shown that the power which the sun has to
put forth to hold Jupiter in his orbit is equal
to the combined strength of 170,000,000.
bars of steel, each one a mile in diameter,
Jupiter’s pull upon the earth, according to
the same authority, is equal tothe strength
of 23.000,000,000 bars of steel, each of them
one foot indiameter. So, if the mere power
of gravity were all that was required to make
Jupiter’s appro2zch dangerous to the earth,
evidently he is not lacking in the power.
But no one need fear that tke sisterhood of
worlds which acknowledge the dominion of
the sun will prove mutually destructive.

sas

A Musical Cat.

This is time of the year when stories about
“musical” cats, mice, etc., are started. The
following is the latest : ‘* A cat in Buckfield,
Me., has developed an extraordinary dis-
crimination in Music. The playing upon the
pianoforte of all pieces, except ‘Sweet Af-
ton,’ is listened to by her with indifference,
if not satisfaction, but the sentimental mel-
ody above mentioned falls little short of
moving her to tears. Wherever the cat may
be when this tune is begun, she at once ap-
pears to the household, her face expressing
the contention of painful emotions, and by
violent rubbing against the persons of the
members of the hcusehold, accompanied by
every indication of distress, she mutely be-
seeches that the tune may be changed.
Singing the song, or even whistling it, equal-
ly grates upon her sensitive nerves, and
causes her equal pain. The only theory
which at all accounts for this singular dis-
like of the particular tune is that which sup-
poses that the soul of the ‘Mary’ who is
celebrated in the ballad has, in the course of
successive transmigrations, entered into the
cat, and that the memories awakened by the
song are too much for it,” Next!

~~

ALL SORTS.

An Ode to a Lot of Stovepipe

Infernal stuff, your nature well I know,

So, when I took you down six months ago,
Kach piece I numbered so that I might tell
Exactly how you’d go together well.

And now the time] for chilly days draws

nigh,
To put you up 2giin I madly try.
But allin vaio, The joints that then did fit
Now do not come within an inch of it.
I get you two-thirds put in place and then

Crash you go tumbling to the floor again.
Once more | try. You're rather full of soot,
And I am getting daubed trom head to fcot.
J jam my thumb, but still I persevere,
One piece goes down again and rakes my ear.
I grab to catch the piece, another goes,
And, falling, scrapes the hide all off my nose.
And then another picce falle with a slam,
And then the rest gocs down and I gay
ce Dam
And then my blood gets boiling and I ray,
By all that’s blue, I'll fix you anyway.
Once more I go to work. By patience great
I get all but a single section straight.
And that J. am about to place. when oh !
The cbair I stand on tips. Down fist I go;
While on and round me, with a horrid

crasb,

The whole comes down again in one grand
smasb.

And then my wife remarks : ‘‘ I never raw

A man co clumsy!” I say, ‘‘Ho'd your
jaw !”

And for a ‘‘nman send, while I retire
To wash wyself and swear, to vent my ire.

Wuy shou!dn t a puppy ride in a dogeart?
WHERE to go when short of money—Go
to work.

THE man who died in harness probably
forgot to chufile off his mortal coil.

TuE baker’s business should be profitable,
a good partof his stock is rising while he
sle ps.

‘* HE sleeps where he fell,” says a late bal-
lad, which suggests that he must have been
drunk,

NracarA Fatts are three feet lower than
they were fifty ycars ago, but the hack fare
is hire.

Ir is absurd to suppose that a man can
speak above his breath, since his mouth is
below his nose.

THE law can never make a man honest ; it
can only make him very uncomfortable
when he is dishonest.

AN ingenious locomotive engincer has
just patented an improved ‘‘spark arreste.”
Here is another enemy to the course of tiue
love.

DrxeEr (sniffing)—‘* Waiter, Ireally think
this fish is not fresh!’ Waiter—‘‘ Yessir ;
can’t answer for thatsir! I’ve honly been
’ere a week, sir !”"

‘© Wuat a blessing it is,” said a hardwork-
ing Irishman, ‘‘ that night never comes on
till Jate in the day, whiu a man is tired, and
can’t work any at all at all.”

How time changes! In the good Old
Testament days it was considered a miracle
for an ass to speak, and now nothing short
of a miracle will keep one quiet.

ANOTHER poet comes forward and says:
“‘ Aud I hear the hiss of a scorching kiss.”
Beats all what a man can hear if he is only
mean enough to listen.

ALLuDING to Beecher’s estimate that one
female house-fly will lay twenty thousand
eggs inaseason, The Church Union thinks
‘fit is a pity a fly couldn’t be grafted on a
hen.”

Wuatis life? In infancy, a battle with
colic ; in youth, a struggle to keep out mis-
chief ; in manhood, astruggle with indiges-
tion ; and, in old age, the prelude of a con-
tested will case,

Nor many milesfrom New Bedford a small
company of coloured brethren decided ‘‘ to
take up a collection.” The presiding officer
cffered to pass the hat himself, and, in or-
der to encourage the others, he put in a ten-
cent piece. After the collection, during
which every hand had Leen in the hat, the
president approached the table, turned the
hat upside down, and not even his own con-
tribution dropped out. Ile opened his eyes
in astonishment, and exclaimed: ‘Fo’
goodness, but Iz’e eben loss de ten cents I
started wid!” The case called for urgent
action. The presiding cflicer demanded the
restoration of the ten-cent piece. But no-
body came forward. After an impressive
pause,a brother remarked, solemnly : ‘‘ Dar
*pears to be a great moral lesson roun’ heab
somewhar,”

\

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN

AND MILLERS’, MANUFACTURERS’,
AND MINERS’ GAZETTE.

for extract purpose, which is the bark for
export,

Another writer says: ‘‘It is claimed
that hemlock, which will ultimately be of
value as a commercial wood, is being de-
stroyed ; also by being left where peeled it
offers a means of fecding forest fires and is,
therefore, a source of danger to the more
valuable standing timber. While admitting
that there is some force in all this, it is well

TERMS IN ADVANCE (Post-paid) : to look at the other side of the question.
One Copyouery eats daniels oiidsiieeseiciet 92 00| The objections hang upon contingencies,
One Copy six Months.... 0... -.eeceee eee ees 1 00| such as the prospect of our ever been oblig-
ed to fall back upon the hemlock for com-
mercial purposes, and the risk of forest fires.
On the other hand, we have the positive
benefit to a large number of people which
the bark industry undoubtedly is.”’

The Moncton Times remarks: ‘‘ When
the tree is stripped of its bark, it is left to
rot in many cases. Of course the traffic in
the bark is a source of profit to the shippers,

ISSUED SEMI-MONTHLY AT TORONTO, ONT,

A. BEGG, - Proprietor and Editor.

ADVERTISING RATES
$1 50 per line per year; 85 cts. per line per six
months; 50 cts. per line per three months.

Small Advertisements 10 cts. per line first insertion)
5 cts. per line each subsequent insertion.

Business Cards, Forms of Agreement, Bill Heads,
&c,. promptly supplied to order, at the LUMBERMAN
Office.

Commpnications, orders and remittances, should | destroy our hemlock woods in such a whole-

be addressed to A. Brag, LumBerMAN Office, 33] sale manner, largely for the supply of the
A correspondent suggests

Adelaide Street West, T. ronto. foreign markets,

that an export duty be placed on the hark,

TORONTO, ONT., OCTOBER 15, 1880.

We ask the indulgence of our patrons for
the want of completeness in the management
of the LumBeRMAN this week.

This copy of the LuMBERMAN is sent to
several parties on whom our agents have not
had the opportunity of calling. We will be

the country.”

ese Pp -

BER.”

and to receive their subscriptions by return | says ;—
mail.

*

THE TANBARK TRADE.

This is a large and important industry,

than would appear without close examina
tion.

briskness in the hemlock bark-trade.
expansion of other leather trade has created | $5 per 1,000 feet, representing relatively the
a larger demand for tanbark, than usual, for

: timber from the or pe
home consumption, and a very large traffic 95, SEOM PREG MPRA Dar tubighbe «fie,

average value say $7.50 per 1,000 feet, equal

has been going on in the export of this arti-| to $3.577,500 loss to the Province for the

cle, Itis reported that over eighty thousand | ten years, or an annual loss in material
5
cords of hemlock birk have now been sent | Wealth of $357,750, 00.

: : Th tity tak bhi 4 P
across the lines from the Provinces of New] jn ae ae a esrepabia inns pa

Brunswick and Quebec, whilst our neigh-| the waste on which on the basis given being
bours are saving their own hemlock forests | equal to 29,206,711 cubic feet, or 350 million
for future use. Large quantities have also feet board measure subject to crown dues at
b ted to Chi Detroit, Buffal $750 per million feet equal to $262,600 lost
eeniexpor : ago, Metrout, bulla!0, | to the Revenue during the ten years, or at
&c, from Ontario. The result of this is ev- | the rite of $16, 150,00 per annum.
ident, namely : The extinction of our hem-| | The loss to the country and revenue from
lock forests in a very few years, and the con- timber destroyed by fires which might have

: ; ear been confined to a limited area, and possibly
sequent closing of tanneries, with increased extinguished, before great damage had been

price of leather. The question is well worth | done to the forest. had they not been fed by
the attention of the Dominion and local| the debris of trees left to rot and dry, is
Governments. It has been suggested that | ¢aleulable.”

an export duty should be placed on bark
exported, and that the local Government
should impose stumpage dues on hemlock f
trees cut for the purpose of having its bark athe law regulating the prices of Crown
exported, and also an export duty on extract | /284s in the Province of Nova Scotia, pass-
of hemlock bark exported. 10 April, 1880, is as follows :—

A New Brunswick paper speaking of the 1. The distinction between Crown Lands

; : applied for for lumberin urposes, and
exporé trade, says: ‘‘ We would press up-| Crown Lands applied fae ter cariemibvinl

on the Local Government the expediency of | purposes, are hereby abolished, and the price
doubling or trebling the stumpage on bark | of all Crown Lands is reduced to forty dol-
for extract purposes. We would urge this| lars per hundred acres, and twenty dollars
because at the rate at which our hemlock | for any quantity of fifty acres or less,

bark is now disappearing, there willsoon be| 9 The price of Crown Lands which have
none left for our own tanners, But these do| peen improved and occupied for two years
not we believe use the extract, the latter| ang upwards previous to the passing of this
which being exported, and fetching some-| Act shall be twenty dollars for each hundred
thing like $25 per barrel. There are sever-| acres, or for each tract of less than one hun-
al parties engaged in New Brunswick strip-| dred acres, provided such price be paid on

ping our forests of the b rk, and some of before the Gr, :
these, we may instance the Shaw Brothers, Ofsp ators Whe OPSt Gay Gt eng ek ag lean

come over here for bark, with which they z i z

supply their tanneries in Maine, while in| While boring for water at Beeton Station
that state there is yet much hemlock. Of| on the Hamilton & North Western Railway,
course so long as they are allowed to strip | Jast week, at the depth of 40 feet an inflam-

our forests, they will do so, and when the ;
Havellers Rathing PETS out oki local ta a mable cas was reached, which took fire at

ners, they will then turn to what is stand- | the well’s mouth in the evening, as a party
ing in Maine; they will be able to u: dersell | was igniting a match to lizht his pipe. A
our tanners in the leather market, because | pipe was placed over the bore, and the gas
our manufacturers then will have either to} continued to burn, with a pale»bluish light
bring hemlock bark from afar, or use the in-| It is expected that petroleum will be found
‘erior article. We cannot impose an export | on digging deeper,

° .

NOVA SCOTIA CROWN LANDS.

duty, but we can treble the stwmpage on bark| LUMBERING ON THE PAOIFIC

says this is the way they do things on the
Pacific Coast (Puget Sound.)

but it may be questionable if it is wise to

which would be calculated to lessen ship-
ments, and create new tanning industries in
the province, thus keeping all the profits in

“LOSS ON SQUARE PINE TIM-

The Commissioner on Crown Lands for
pleased to have them all become subscribers, | Outario in his able report for last year,

The following will shew the estimated loss
to the Province and the Revenue from waste
in getting out square pine, from 1868 to 1877,
both inclusive :—Total quantity taken from
public and private lands during the ten
which concerns the general public more| years, 119,250,420 cubic feet; waste, one-
fourth of each tree, equal to oue-third of the
Daring the present year, in the pro-| total mentioned, viz. : 39,750,140 cubic feet,
vinces of Quebec, and Ontario, as well asin| or say in round numbers 477 million feet
the Maritime Provinces, there has been great} board measure, which may be valued one-
The] half at $10 per 1,000 feet, and one-half at

prime iimber beaten off and the iaferior

COAST,

A correspondent of the Muskoka Herald

The potato crop once gathered, the rava-
ges of frost and rot are checked by drying,
the machine known as the ‘‘ Plummer Dry-
er” being the most effective for this purpose.
A bushel of potatoes will produce thirteen
pounds of the dried article. They are bought
in immense quantities to go to the mines and
saw-logzing camps. No ship leaving that
coast is considered ‘‘ well found” unless they
have a quantity on board tor the use of the
ship’s crew. It is said that at present
prices, which I have been unable to learn, a
good margin is left for both grower and dry-
er.

Saw-logging in that region is carried on
somewhat differently to what it is here,
When all orders have been filled, stock lum-
ber is cut pretty much as follows : Butt log,
24 feet ; second, 32 feet ; then 40 feet, until
stopped by knots. The roads are graded 16
feet, with a skid let in across the road every
8 feet, The logs are barked when the sap is
up—fa.ling this they are ‘‘rossed” on the
running side. Four yoke of oxen constitute
a team, the hind yoke having a tongue and
deg chain, The logs are strung one behind
the other, with dozs and chains; one log,
however, containing 6,000 feet, being con-
sidered a load. The greaser goes ahead of
the team, with a swab and can of dog fish
oil, and greases the skids. With regard to
the wages paid, the chopper, who stands on
a spring board while working, receives $75 a
month and board; hook tender, who snips
the ends of the logs, drives the hooks and
attends to snatch blocks and snubbing lines,
gets $50; sawyer, $60; barker, $35; head
skidder, $40; second skidder, $35: team-
ster, $75 ; swamper, $40; greaser (a boy),
$20. All payments are made in gold. Land
that has less than 200,000 feet to the acre is
not considered pine land A stock was
lately cut out of asaw login the mill at
Tacoma, which measured 34x14 inches, and
120 feet long.

—_—————P 0+ 4”

The Mail in arguing that additional facil-
ities are required for prospectors obtaining
reliable assays of ores, adds that a corres-
pondent had written to Buffalo on the sub-
ject, and found that it would be necessary to
obtain a consular certificate before minerals
could cross the lines. American authorities
charge a fee of $10 for an assay and certifi-
cate, and our correspondent says they re-
quire a statement of the locality in which
the mineral was found. Of course such in-
formation would be quickly acted upon by
American speculators, who already own the
bulk of our mining properties. There appears
to be a lack of mining authorities qualified
and willing to furnish assays, and it would be
in the public interest if the Provincial Goy-
erment would appoint an officer to perform
this necessary work for moderate fees.

=e

The 3rd day of November next, has been
appointed, as a day of general thanksgiving
in the Dominion. for the bountiful harvest,
with which the country has been blessed this
year.

—_--— x
England vs. Australia.

Outside ‘‘ the Derby” no such national ga-
thering—estimated at from twe hundred and
fifty thousand to five hundred thousand—
was ever assembled in England as at the
great cricket match of England vs. Austra-
lia. Kennington Oval, where it took place,
is a large space about four times the size of
Tompkins square. Around this space, at a
hundred feet from its outer circumference,
was a solid ring of behelders, dozens deep.
The inner rows squatted, the next koelt,
the next stood, while the outer fringes
formed the highest tier by scaffolding run
up impromptu. Then the old ani pictur-
esque houses surrounding the oval were
ridged and fronted with spectators, as was
Rome when Coriolanus marched in, The
gate money was five shillings. The receipts
were enormous, and were divided between
the teams. The colonials were badly beat-
en, Spofforth, their best man, was prevent-
ed playing by a wounded wrist.

f

Indian Farms in the NorthWest.

SUCCESSFUL RESULTS OF THE GOVERNMENT’S

EXPERIMENTS.

(Saskatchewan Herald.

The following figures show the peer
made in some of the Indian farms re
serves in the west :—

At Fort Walsh there are two reserves—
one of Assiniboines, numbering a thousand
souls, under Chiefs Man-thet-Stole-the-Cato
and Long Robe; and one of Saulteaux, also
a thousand strong, and Chiefs Little Child
and Pie Pot. On one.of these reserves there
are fifty and on the other thirty-five acres
under crop, chiefly potatoes and barley. The
instructors here have no farms of their own
to look after, but devote their whole time to
teaching the Indians. These Indians also do
a good deal for themselves by catching fish
in winter.

At Fort Macleod there is a Pi reserve
on which there are about nine hi of that
band. They are settling down to work, hay-
ing a number of houses up, and from 70 to
80 acres under crop. The cattle to which
this band is entitled under the were
being given to them. The Rev. Mr. McKay
has settled amongst them and established
mission of the Church of England. bf

The Sarcees are settled at B t Cross-
ing, and although few in apehenna doing
well,

At Morleyville, Bow River, there areabout
six hundred Assiniboines, who have some ex-
cellent farms, doing credit to the practical in-
struction by their missionary, the Rev. Jno.
Macdougall, in former years. Cattle were
also being given to this band and to the Sar-
cees. The quantity of land under cultiyation
is from sixty to seventy acres.

The supply farm near Fort Calgary is ex-
pected to 2 bel good results and to fulfil the
expectations formed of it. It is under the
management of Mr. Wright, and contains
two hundred and twenty acres, chiefly under
wheat and barley. zy

Mr. Bruce has charge of another y
farm thirty miles south-west of Fort
leod, on which he has under cultivation two
hundred acres of as fine land asis to be found
in the North-West. Three mfles off, on
Pincher Creek, the Government has up
one of the Waterous Company's po’ grist
mill with which to grind the grain grown in
that locality. It will in the end be cheaper
than to freight in flour.

Many of the Indians at the south are sur-
rendering some of the cows to which they
are entitled and taking agricultural imple-
ments in their stead.

On Mr. Delaney’s farm, Frog Lake, were
planted 100 bushels of potatoes, 14 bushels
of wheat, 20 bushels of oats, 30 bushels of
barley, an acre of turnips and carrots ; and
on the reserve, 190 bushels of po 20
of wheat, 40 ‘of barley, and a quantity of
small vegetables.

On Mr, Williams’ farm, near Fort Pitt,
were planted 58 bushels of potatoes, 5 of
wheat, 26 of oats, and 18 of barley; and on
the reserve 240 bushels of potatoes, 14 of
wheat, 38 of barley, and two acres of turnips
and carrots.

We are without the exact of the
Eagle Hills reserve, but understand that they
ce about the same, as in Mr. Delaney’s

istrict.

2

In order to prevent explosions of on
board steam-sh:ps, the Inspector of "TTinee
for South Wales, Great Britain, the
employment of two a leading from the
deck to each surface of coal, one of these
pipes to carry down an adequate supply of
fresh atmospheric air, and the other, by
means of some suitable contrivance,
a fan, to draw up what gas may accumulate
below,

THE project of a canal for ships from the
Baltic to the North Sea, between the Bay of
Kiel and Brunsbuttle, in the estuary
Elbe, appears likely to prove a success,
depth throughout is to be 20 feet
inches, its width at the surface of the water

160 feet, and at the bottom 64 feet, the
banks thus having a gentleslope. Provision

is also to be made, by means of a
system of locks and reservoirs, for increasing
the depth of water to some 26 feet, when-
ever it may be desirable to do so, this a
allowing of the passage through the of
the heaviest German ironclad afloat, name-
ly, the Konig Will.elm, a vessel of

10.000 displacement, but drawing only 26
feet. In size this canal will not compare
unfavourably with the Suez, the latter being
172} feet wide at the surface of the water,
70 feet at the bottom, and about 26 feet
deep. .“

OUR QUEBEC LETTER.

THE LUMBER BUSINESS IN THE ANCIENT CAP-
ITAL—PRICES CURRENT—OONTRACTS FOR
NEXT YEAR’S SHIPMENTS—MINING NEWS
—A NEW INDUSTRY.

QuesBEc, Oct. 11th, 1830.—The principal
part of the ‘‘ Fall Fleet,” is now in port, and
wharves and booms at the upper end of the
harbour are lined with timber vessels taking
in the last cargoes which will be shipped from
the Ancient Capital during the season of
1880. Lumber merchants are all busy in
their coves, or in the town offices which are
connected with the former by telephone and
telegraph,—engaged in superintending the
loading and shipment of lumber. When the
last vessel of the Quebec timber fleet leaves
port this fall, there will be left behind the
smallest stock of lumber which has wintered
here for many years. Even now there iS
hardly any stock held in first hands, so that
there cannot be any extensive sales to report
either at the present, or for some time to
come.

If poor Jim Fisk were now here, and
wanted to go in for one of his usual bold
transactions, he would buy up all the re-
maining stock, and thus control the market.
I wonder that some worthy imitator of the
great New York operator has not appeared
upon the scene here.

lt is satisfactory to know that the leading
shippers and brokers of Quebec have not only
experienced a remunerative business this
year, but are looking forward with ‘‘ great
expectations” to the operations of the coming
season. I find that the best informed men
in the trade are basing their calculations for
the year 1881, upon the production of some
ten million feet of lumber this winter in the
lumbering districts of the Ottawa. |

The contracts so far made by the Quebec
brokers for next year’s shipments are poss 2
encouraging, The following are some of the
principal hit

PRICES CURRENT: i

Ohio Oak (sold for shipment in 1881) 51
cents per cubic foot; Michigan ditto., 50
cents; Canada ditto., (a good lot for early
delivery) 49 cents.

Sales of timber actually in the rise
would command two cents more than the
above prices.

Pipe staves haye been sold at $300 per|
standard mill,

West India staves at $75 per mill of 1200
pieces.

Michigan Board Pine, 20 inch average, 33
cents ; ditto., Red Pine, 55 feet average, 28
cents.

Elm is a drug upon the market, and will
not command more than 22 cents.

Walnut, Black, can be had freely at 80
cents per cubic foot for large girths.

Michi Pine deals, Firsts: $100 per
hundred, standard of 27} feet, or 2,750 feet,
board measure. Seconds: Usual proportion
and price.

the above quotations have been care.
fully selected from the most reliable sources

SHIPBUILDING,

There is little or no reason to hope for a
revival in the shipbuilding industry of this
port, which a few years ago gave employment
to so many thousands of our labouring
classes. Mr. Baldwin has just laid the keel
of a 800-ton vessel, but this will not give
constant employment to more than about 100
men,

+ Mr. Dior, of France, who is now here in
the interest of a proposed new line of steam-
ers between this port and France, believes
that the French Government will ere long
remove the differential duty upon Canadian
built ships. This step, he claims, would give
rise to a fresh demand for wooden, Quebec
built ships. Our business men do not happily
pin much faith to this prospect,
MINING NOTES,

There has been a dearth of interesting in-
telligence from the Beauce gold mines dur-
ing the last two months. With the return
of spring 1881, operations will be resumed
with renewed activity. A damper has of
late been cast upon the prosecution of work

i the disputes concerning

in foe nakinn y

presiga ights, given rise to by recent legisla-

tion of the Perinse of Pican ie
In another part of the Province, the shaft

| Barley, 350 000 bu.

THE OANADA

of a very promising antimony mine is being
put in working order.

The Crown Lands Department of the Local
Government will sell by auction this week,
a number of valuable timber limits in vari-
ous parts of the Province, The sale will be
held in this city. For some months past
there has been a constant demand for small
mining locations, which the Crown Lands
Department is authorized to sell, to the ex-
tent of lots of 400 acres. Mica has recent-
ly been discovered ata short distance from
Joliette, in paying veins, and only needs the
skilful application of a small capital to re-
turn a lucrative yield.

It may not be generally known, that an
English company has secured 400 acres of
land in Charlevoix, containing oxide of iron
in abundance, which it is their intention to
mine, and ship to England for manufacture

The Local Government has on hand, a
scheme for buying phosphates, and distribut-
ing them instead of money grants to the va-
rious agricultural societies of the Province.
This policy will, undoubtedly, by introduc-
ing this useful article to the farmers of Que-
bee, create in the immediate future in-
creased demand for the fertilizer, and thus
give an impetus to mining operations. Ina
future letter, Ihope to give more details of
the scheme.

FRENCH CAPITAL.

The Credit Financier of Paris, France, opens
its agency in the city next January. Five
millions of dollars in gold will be at once
brought into the Province, to be succeeded
by as much more as can be judiciously in-
vested in mortgages at 5 per cent. Whether
or not it will proveto be, a undoubted blessing
to have our land and buildings mortgaged to
a foreign power, I leave others to decide.

Thanks to the energy and enterprise of a
liberal minded, and leading business man of
the ancient Capital, Quebec is shortly to have
in its midst, an important branch of a new
industry. The Canada Company is the title
adopted by the proprietors of the new under-
taking, which will engage in distilling liquors
and syrups, ligeurs, acids, perfumes, &c.
Some of the products of the new industry,
will be upon the market in a few days from
present writing.

STADACONA.
“I Ce

PORT HOPE.

» This has become an important shipping
port, and is the outlet of the vast region
‘north and north-west by the Midland Rail-
way. Our correspondent sends the fultow-
ing statement of shipment to Oswego, for the

| GeRBOHMIpito Oct. 8th, viz: Lumber 62 mil.

lion feet, pine; value from $8 to $16 perM
Tron, ore, 1,200 tons,
sent to Fairhaven. Square timber, 500,000
ce. feet, rafted for Quebec. In addition to
the above, over one and a-half million feet
was exported from Port Hope one day this
week,

Midland Railway rates to Port Hope for
Lumber from Midland, Victoria Harbor,
Sturgeon Bay, Waubaushene and Orillia,
$1.75 per M., and from Peterboro’ ard Lind-
say, $1.15.

NOVA SCOTIA,

Our correspondent at Parrsbvoro’, a thriv-
ing place in Nova Scotia, writes :—‘‘ Our
prospects here for this season, and first of
next, are very good, boards and scantling
bringing a good price in the English market
at present. Short lumber, such as laths,
pickets, and shingles, are in good demand in
the Usited States, at fairly good prices,
but the heavy duties against us there pre-
vent us from doing much of any business
that way. Next year’s prospects, after the
Spring sales, are not very encouraging, as

there are heavy stocks being put in this win-
ter.

We copy the following items connected
with that section :

Mersrs. Young & Son, of P.rrsboco’—late
of Calais, M:.—do the largest lumbering
business in the county. They have mills at
River Hebert, Apple River, M ose R ver,
and Halfway River; the latter is « steam
mill. Most of their lumber is shipped from
this port. During the present year, this
firm has sent several ship leads to French
ports. Amvs Lawrence, Esq., of S uthamp-
ton, also exports a large quantity of lumber
from here, and Messrs, Tucker and Adams,
of the same place, engage quite extensively
in this trade, Lumber is now sent from

LUMBERMAN.

9

River Philip, via the I. C. R., to Spring Hill,
and thence over the 8, H. & P. R. R. for
shipment. Add to this the coal brought
over this road for home consumption and
export, and it is not difficult to see that la-
bourers find plenty of employment during
the summer.

Shipbuilding, once the principal industry
of this place, has been languishing for some
time, an:l seems to have fairly died out.

New Stream Mityi.—Mesers. T. de Wolf,
of Port Greville, and B. Annis, of Quaeen’s
Co., N.S., have a steam miil in course of
erection at Diligent River, about six miles
‘‘down shore.”

The Jar_e tann ry, of Messrs. Upham and
McCabe, east of the railway station, will
8.0n be completed,

GRAVENHURST.

As a manufacturing and shipping point
for sawn lumber, Gravenhurst occupies an
important position, being the outlet by rail-
way of the lumber from the Muskoka lakes
and tributaries. Considerable trade is also
done in tanbark, both for home consumption
and export. Large quantities of supplies are
going out to that region by the Northern
Railway, and.as many as fifty horses may be
frequently seen in a drove, on the way to the
lumber camps in the neighbourhood.

OTTAWA.

The value of sawn lumber exported from
Ottawa during the months of May, June,
July, Aug. and Sep.. 1877, is given at $859, -
616; in 1878 at $686,671 ; in 1679 at $813,-
211. During the year 1880, for May, June,
July and August, the value exported is $100,-
320. When September returns come to be
added, it is expected that the increase over
the five months of last year will be in the
vicinity of half a million dollars.

— Se

TRAFFIC RETURNS.

The traffic receipts of the M dland railway
for the week ending Octobe r 7th, 1880,
were :—Passengers and mails, $2 673.82;
freight, $8,468.03; total, $11,141.75. For
the corresponding week of 1879 :—Passen-
gers and mails, $3,000.39 ; freight, $7,306.17;
total, $10,305.56. Increase fir week, $835.
29. Aggreszate from Ist January, $268.918.
68; increase over 1879, $71,087.14.

The receipts of the Great Western Rail
way in the week ending on the 8th inst.,
and the corresponding week last year were
as follows :— Passengers, $50,450.41 ;
freight and live stcck, $69,935.47; mails
and sundries, $2,956.63 ; total, $123.332.51;
corresponding week of last year, $102,504.
49 ; increase, $20,838.02.

Receipts of the Whitby, Port Perry and
Lindsay railroad in the week ending October
9th were as follows: Pass:ngers, $694.75;
freight, $2,169.73 ; mails and sundries, $63.
20; total, $2,927.68, against $2,003.25 in
the corresponding week last year. being an
increase of $24.43. Total traffic in current
year, $67,921.41, against $53,033.36 last
year, being an increase of $14,891.05.

Glass Mill-Stenes.

The outcome of this successful experiment,
we learn from the Pottery Gazette was the
invention, by the Messrs. Thorn, of the glass
mill-stones now made by them, and used in
Germany with much satisfaction. Respecting
their special merits, we learn, on the same
authority, that they grind more easily, and
do not heat the four as much, as is the case
with the French burr-stone, In grinding
grist they run perfectly cool.

In making these stones the glass is cast in
blocks of suitable size and shape, joined with
cement in the same way as the French burrs,
dressed and furrow cut with picks and point-
ed hammers. It is suggested that the substi-
tution of diamond dressing machines would
give better results.

Without going into the technical points re-
specting the comparative merits of the old
and new mill-stones, which are given at some
length, but which would only be appreciated
by practical millers, we note simply our con-
temporary’s opinion that, in the event of the
success of certain experiments now making
on a larger and more important scale than
any previous ones, ‘‘this discovery will be
entitled to rank as one of the most valuable
of recent years as regards the milling in-
dustry.”

Se a

AN enterprising sign painter says he would
pay Jberally for the brash that the ‘“‘signs of
the times” are painted with.

MARINE AND PISHERIES.

Our Salmon Pisheries.
Professor H. Y. Hind has written a letter
to the Forest and Stream, in which he ad-

verte to the climate question in reference to
the late appearance of salmon in our rivers
t'is season, aleo to ‘‘ biennial spawners,

also to the habit of salmon secking other
rivers than their native streams for sanitary
purposes, and to the developement of th«
hook on the male salmon in his off spawning
year cnly. He writes to Mr. Mowat, over-
seer of Fisheries, and asks to be informed
through t' e columns of the Miramichi Advance

for reliable information about the catch of
salmon in the Bay of Craleurs “‘ forty years
ago.” He further saye:—I wish to know
whether any record or tradition exists res-
pecting the salmon catch in the years 1832 ;

1835; and 1836, 1841, 1842 and 1852. In
fact the record of any particularly good, or
any particularly poor year, will be thankfully

received. I have prepared a notice of the
salmon catch and character of the seasons in
certain rivers in Scotland for about one
hundred years, and I wish to ascertain
whether the experience in New Brunswick
bears out certain remarkable relations I have
found to exist between extremes of heat and
cold in the appearance of certain anadromous
fish particularly the salmon,

I should be glad if Mr. Mowat would also
state whether he has ever taken or seen large
male salmon late in the season without the
hook being developed largely on the lower
jaw ; also, whether he has ever seen or heard
of large male salmon, having milt well de-
veloped, without the hook on the lower jaw.
I should also like to ask him whether he has
ever seen any nests of the salmon which he
supposes were made in the spring of the year.
I have seen such nests at the headwaters of
the North West branch of the South West
Miramichi. I saw them with transparent
eggs in them on the 24th of July, 1864,
when I was making the Geological Survey of
the Province.

The Advance says :—Professor Hind is
writing on the Fisheries with a view of having
the subject better understood than it now is,
not only by the people, but also by the De-
partment at Ottawa, whose knowledge and
modes are both susceptible of improvement.

a

Suicides among Russian Officers.

The number of cases of suicide among the
Russian « fficers in Tashkend, in Asiatic Rus-
slan, is increasing to an alarming extent.
Accord:ng to official returns, no fewer than
six officers perished by their own hands in
one week. Cases of cuicide are notornously
common in the Russian army generally, and
especially among the troops quartered on the
frontier station:. Tue pay of the Russian
officers is smaU, his promoti-n is slow, pley
is every where the rule, and druukenness is
comm:n. Except in St. Petersburg and
Moscow, no inducement whatsoever is held
out to officers to interest themselves in their
professicn ; and even in the ebove-named
towns originality of thoughtis so discouraged
that no officer would venture to express an
opinion on any military subject at variance
with the views held at headquarters. So
little is there to intcrest, cecupy, or amuse,
that only a Russian could support the exis-
tence led by the officers of the army ia
country quarters. Butif life ina Russian
proviocial town is dull and colorless, in
Taskhend it is a thousand times worse.
Often no post arrives for a whole menth ;
there are nu amuseMeits ; and corscquently
the unfortun .te « fficer is driven to spend his
tme in smoking, drinking, card playing,
and low intrigues. The result of all this is
that a Russian paper rarely appears without
announcing the death of an officer w!o
has c mmitted suicide at that post.

THE enormous charges of the B:itish pen-
sion list sre attracting more than usual atten-
tion in the House of Commoas. I¢ is stated
that in less than a century the descendants
of Lord St. Vincent and Lord Rodney have
received $1,000,000 each. For nearly two
hundred years the heirs of the Duke of
Schomberg have drawn a nice income from
that grateful country. The Dukes of Marl-
borough enjoy a perpetual pension of $25,-
000 a year. The Duke of Wellington was
given $3,500,000 by Parliament to support
the dignity of his dukedom, and a pension
of $10,000 a year for two generations. These
are among some of the larger grants. The
smaller ones are numberless, and many
them the rewards ot mere favouritism.

10

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Question of Higher Education.

There are few subjects which,in our time,
have been worn more thoroughly threadbare
than that of education. Unless it be for the
behoof of what has been aptly called the
“ everlasting rising generation,” this matter
might be allowed to rest. Accepted theories
have not been so thoroughly worked as to
warrant, one would think, the demand just
yet for the trial of new ones—as a matter
of fact, we know that there are a great many
old-fashioned Conservative sort of folk who
are disposed to let well-enough a'one,—and
even where they see defects, to rather bear
the ills they have than to fly to those they
know'not of. But this is scarcely the spirit
of the age. ‘‘ Progress” is the watchword
of the time. Whether it be backward or
forward, or up or down, there must be move-
ment ;» better to go anywhere than to stand
still, and—as the inevitable consequence is
supposed to be—be run over. Higher cdu-
cation must not be an exception to this rule.
In the general mobilization of everything
else this must not, of all things, remain im-
mobile,

Time was whea the distinction between a
liberal and a_ professional cducation was
pretty clear, That sort of intellectual train-
ing which aimed simply at the full and har-
monious development of the faculties of the
student was never confounded with that
which is specially designed to fit a man for
earning his bread, Indeed, it was though’
that the farther the ‘‘ pot-boiling,” or as the
Germans call it,the ‘‘ bread-and-butter” idea
waskeptfromthemind of the student engaged
in the pursuit of a liberal education, and the
more thoroughly he was trained to love
study for its own sake, and for the sake of
the consciousness of freedom and strength
which it imported, the better, Then it was
no objection to Latin or Greek that, in all
probability, the person learning them would
make very little direct use of them after
he left Coilege; or to logic, metaphysics,
and the higher mathematics, that he was
not likely to adopt a profession which
would call these branches of knowledge di-
rectlyintorequisition. Then,if the precocious
and impatient youngster objected to the les-
sons which he was required to learn, thathe cid
notseethe use of them, it was deemedasufli-
cient answer that what he knew not then he
would know in after years. And it must be
admitted that, in this way, some excellent
scholars were made, and—which is still more
important—some excellent characters were
formed,

But, it appears, a more excellent theory
has been discovered, and all this is to be
changed, or to give place to somcthing
better, Latin and Greek if they are not to
be altogether discarded are at least to be
relegated to the region of the options.
Metaphysics is to give place to the physical
sciences. Ina word, what have heretofore
been grouped under the general head of
liberal studies, if they are to be retained at
all, are to have a subordinate position as-
signed to them, and education is to be made,
in the more materialistic and matter-of-fact
sense of the terms, ‘‘ practical and useful.”
In the process of effecting this change, an
entirely new method of instruction is to be
called into requisition. The ‘ object-
lesson” is to perform a conspicuous part.
Not only are the academy and the Porch to
be used as heretofore, but the ‘‘ grove” and
even places less congenial to the feelings of
the student are to be brought into promin-
ence as places of instruction, The cditor of
the Popular Science Monthly who is a leader
in this reform, or rather, perhaps, this agi-
tation for reform, suggests some measures
which probably will appear to many to seem
rather radical and even startling innovations.
We mav mention a few of these.

As a first instalment of what he would Jike
to see introduced into our institutions of
learning, he thinks grcat good both im-
mediate and prospective would result if, for
example, the college buildings cf the Michi-
gan University, at Ann Arbor, weretreated as
anobject-lesson ; and if afterthis was master-
ed, the water-supply and sewage system of
thetown were treated in the same way. After
perfecting themselves in these preliminary
lessons, he would have the students to sys-
tematically extend their studies to the
schoolhouses, the poorhouse, and the gaol,
with a view to understanding the scientific
principles involved in their hygienic, and
sanitary conditions and arrangements. Of
course he would not have them to end there,
but, as we may take for granted, extend
their investigations to everything else, ei-
ther immediately or remotely connected
with human welfare. If an object-lesson
nhould be made of the water supply, why

“© of the food supply? What people eat is,

quite as important as what they drink. To
investigate, with sufficient thoroughness to
be of any value to the student in after life,
all the sources from which the commisariat
of a single city is supplied, opens a pretty
wide field, furnishing material for several ob-
ject-lessons, Then, while man continues to
be a clothes-wcarinog animal, and especially
while he continues to be so largely depend-
ent upon clothes, both for his respectability
and comfort, there does not seem to be any
good reason why the ‘‘ science of clothes”
should not receive its full share of atten-
tion.

It may be an evidence of weakness on our
part, but we confess, the vastness of the
curriculum suggested by Prof. Youmans, in
the article referred to, rather appalls us. To
say nothing of the mistaken notion of educa-
tion, which, as we conceive, underlies the
whole of this theory, if the mind is to be
made a catch-all, which is to be crammed
with all sorts of ‘‘ practical”? knowledge,
which a gross materialistic utilitarianism
may judge to be ‘‘useful,” and if this be
the proper work of schools and colleges, one
can scarcely see where the school-days of
the coming generation are to end, In fact,
if the work is to be done thoroughly, it ap-
pears to stretch out, popularly speaking, al-
most to infinity. Besides, when one thinks
of it, to say nothing of the grotesque situa-
tions which it suggests, the carrying out of
this comprehensive course of instruction
would, as it appears to us, be attended with
considerable inconvenience,

Think of Dr. McCaul, with his noble staff
of co-labourers, for example, leading a few
hundred students in a subterranean explora-
tion of the city of Toronto, in order to in-
duct them into the scientific mysteries in-
volved in the sewage system of our good
city, —or taking them down for a month to
Governor Green’s Castle to form a scientific
and practical acquaintance with its dietetic
hygienic, sanitary, and disciplinary arrange-
ments, and then to have every other institu-
tion existing among us subjected to the same
process. We hope our educational authori-
ties will make haste slowly in adopting so
radical a programme,

—— — ? -@-.

Love’s Young Dream.

One ot the most romantic affairs ever be-
fore heard of in this section of the country,
says a correspondent at Marion, Ind., first
took place here about two weeks ago, and
which terminated last night. The substance
of the case is as follows; About three miles
in the country lives a well-to-do farmer
named Fauster, who has in his family a
daughter named Sarah D., aged just 14, who
is small in stature for her age, and is merely
achild. Another o!d farmer named Pritchett
is a close neighbour, who has a son just 13
years of age, who is dubbed as Morton.
Abcut two weeks ago these small children
planned an elopement, and succeeded in
leaving their paternal roof safely. After
leaving their homes they walked to Wabash,
a distance of twenty miles, where they took
the train for White Pigeon, Mich, After
arriving there they were united in marriage
by the proper persons. ‘The pair then roam-
ed over several towns in the state on their
wedding trip, until their finances became
short, when th®y returned home last week
and told their respective parents of their
adventure. The father of the girl became
indignant and brought the girl to the town
last Saturday, before ‘Squire Timothy,
where a warrant was issued charging Morton
Pritchett’s father with abduction, The case
was tried yesterday, when he was acquitted,
the girl acknowledging she persuaded the
youth to elope with her, and furnished part
of the money, the cost of the whole trip
being $10.25. While on the trip and after
they were mariied neither occupied the
same bed, and no change of clothing was
taken along for the occasion. After the
trial each returned to their respective homes,
where they still remain, The father of the
girl will immediately institute proceedings
to have the marriage set aside, the plea to
bethat she was not old enough, The affair has
caused considerable interest, and every one
who is acquainted with the particulars has
taken an interestin the case, During the trial
several funny incidents were told by each,
which the jammed court room relished with
pleasure. The end is not yet, as bad blood
is brewing between the two parents.

——_——__P + @ + <

Tur senior Greck professcr, in his lecture
to the juniors the other day, speaking of the
marriage of Venus and Vulcan, remarked
that ‘‘the handsomest women generally
marry the homeliest men,” adding grimly ;
“There’s encouragement for a good many
of you,”

a

The Use and Abuse of Fiction.

What was said in a former article on the
use and the abuse of the theatre, is equally
true of the use and abuse of fiction. Indeed
these are but different forms of the same
thing. What dramatic representation is to
the eye, works of fiction are to the imagina-
tion. Both are ideal representations of
truth, and all that can be said either for or
against the one may be said with equal
truthfulness for or against the other. From
a very early age, mankind have been in the
habit of clothing their thoughts, and em-
bodying the truths which they would impart
to each other, in the form of fable, alle-
gories, parables, and other forms of ideal
representations. Indeed, in the early ages
of the world, when books were few, or did
not exist at all, the bulk of the wit and wis-
dom that had been preserved from the past,
as well as that which was the prcduct of
contemporary genius, was wrapped up in
such forms as these. The stories which
were told at the fire-side; the songs that
were sung, and the ballads and ‘* Sages”
which were recited on their festive occasions,
were of this sort. Even philosophy and
religion were taught in this way. And not
a little of the most precious truth that we
possess to-day has found its way to us in
fictitious forms. Every one knows that the
relics of the Hebrew prophets, which came
down to our time, abound in these poetic
creations. Even the Divine Teacher himself
did not shrink from usiny the parable as an
instrument of instruction, and as a means of
preserving the truth in the memory of his
hearers.

In view of these facts it is worse than

uscless to assail fiction as such,—
Like every other cort of literature,
beyond question much of it is _ bad,

and of this we may take occasion to say
something at another time, But in say-
ing this, we are only affirming of fiction
what may be affirmed, with equal truthfal-
ness, of every other sort of writing- Even
into the very best histories the fictitious
element enters largely. And this is true of
not a few of the biographies which are
most widely circwated, and that have the
largest number of readers. It is this ele-
ment, supplied by the imagination of the
autbor, which makes the events, and person-
ages which a writer describes live in the
mind of the reader; it is this which gives
vividness and reality toa narrat ve which
unenlivened by it would would be so hope-
Jessly dwil and stupid, that it would not
ouly be drudgery to read it, but it would
make no distinct or lasting impress‘on on the
mind of the reader. Take ali that is imagin-
ary, dramatic, and practical, from the writ-
ingof Macau'ay and what would the residuum
be worth? Why even the S:bbath-school
libraries, furnished by the churches of
Christendom, and read by children, are
very largely stories which are purely the
creatiors of the imagination. The reason of
tbis is, as the caterers for these libraries
tell us, that experience has convinced them,
that this is the only soit of bocks that thy
can get the bulk of the children and young
people to read-

We cannot say that we are altogether
pleased with this. One of the abuses of
fiction we judge to be the putting it in
exciting forms, and in Jarge quantities, into
the hands of children or very young persons.
There are other faculties which ought to be
developed before the imagination. And where
the habit is formed early ot reading fiction
to the exclusion of works which appeal more
directly to the understanding and judgment,
and call for the exercise of the memory, they
induce a careless and hurr‘ed mode ot read-
ing, which permanently untits the mind for
the sober pursuit of ee Besides, to
many young persons, especially to girls of a
nervous and excitable temperament, such
reading begun early and pursued intemper-
ately, as it is almost sure to be—unless pre-
vented by outside restraint—by keeping the
brain. in an abnormal and unhealthy
state of excitement at a time when
quietness is a most essential cordition of
healthy development—leads to the most dis-
astrous consequences, both physical and
mental. Every intelligent physician of
large practice, especially such as have made
nervous and mental disease a special study,
would bear testimony to the truth of this
observation. Fiction is to the mind what
sweetmeats, relishes and stimulants are to
the palate,—taken in limited quantities,
along with plainer and less exciting food, it
may do good ; adopted as a diet to live on,
it van only work mischicf. A literary friend,
a hard student, being asked what he had
been reading lately, replied, in our hearing,
‘*T have spent the Jast few days reading

pn EEE ee

novels. I like occasionally tospend a few
daya in this way ; I find it has an effect up-
on the mind very much like that which a
little good whiskey has upon the body.”
We have never forgotten the comparison, or
the impression which it conveyed, tbat
whatever advantage might be derived from
this sort of reading, especially by nervous
and ¢xcitable young peop'e, was secured at
the risk of some evil ; and that it ought not
to be indulged in therefore without careful
limitation and self-restraint.

=

Some Turkish Intrigues.

Perbaps the most striking fact to a stran-
ger is the little interest Turkish women sem
to inspire among the gallant population of
Constantinople. But euch strangers are,
perhaps, unaware of the danger of a word,
or even a look; a prolonged gaze into the
carriage of grande dame Turque may provoke
the ire of an attendant eunuch, and cause
him tolay about rightand left the heavy whip
with which he is often provided; but the
greatest danger lies in the treacherous en-
coulagement of the grande dime herself.
Some years agoa M,. B——, a young French-
man of this town, became enamored of one
of these veiled Junos, whose soft g'ance
seemed to reveal a reciprocal passion, Day
after day he awaited her carriage at a cor-
ner of the principal thoroughfare, and, day
after dgy the bewiching eyes drew him car-
reessingly to his doom, Szill, no words
were exchanged. M. B——became more
and more infatuated, and in spite of the
warnings of his friends he determined to
carry on the intrigue to the end, whatever
that might be. Patiently he bided his time
and his opportunity, nor were they re br
presenting themselves, He was rewa
one day by seeing a tiny jeweled hand
a billet from the carri ge window,
fluttered all unnoticed to his feet, Seizing
the paper, the enraptured Frenchman hur-
riedly et tan nae few words therein
inscribed, he lady pro a
for that same evening in the obscure obit corner
of a large cemetery, B——, who had
patiently borne the quizzing of his friends,
now informed them of the progress of his
adventure. He was again warned against
pursuing it further ; but he Janghed at the
idea of danger, and, accompanied by a
friend, repaired to the rendezvous at theap-

inted hour. He was pre ently accosted

y asable servant, exceedingly well dress-
ed, who politely invited him to follow. The
two friends turned into a de:erted street and
arrived at a small door which Jed through a
covered yard to a second entrance. Tuois
their guide unlocked, and made a sign for
M. B——’s, friend to retire, All was silence
and darkness around ; the servant’s black
eyes seemed to gleam with malice; and,
moved by an undefined fcar, the friend again
implored M. B——to return, “Bh!” re-
turned this gentleman,, ‘‘it’s tog late ;
besides, what 1s there to fear whim things
are managed so easily?” The door closed
upon the audacious Frenchman, but the
fears of his friends were etic—he was
vever seen by them again. any
were made to learn his fate, and large bri
were freely given for this object. A hint
was received that he had beea conveyed be-
yond the frontier, but all traces of him were
lost, and no further clue was ever obtaincd
as to his disappearance. One or two such
adventures are enough todamp the ardor of
the boldest Lovelace, and, unfo: tunately,
other examp'es have not been wanting. —
Temple Bar.

Rest is never so sweet as after a long
struggle; strength is never so strong as
through trial; joy is a more blessed thing
after sorrow ; and the fairdawning of sunny
days could never come if we had no night,

A nortH Carolina man plannel to frighte
en his wife by a sham attempt at suicide.
He was to very gently hang himself, and a
friend was to cut him down; but the friend
was not prompt, and the plotter was choked
to death.

**Do you want to kill the child?’ ex-
claimed a gentleman as he saw a nf tip the
baby out of its carriage on the walk, ‘* No,
not quite,” replied the boy; ‘‘ but if I can
get him to bawl loud enough, mother will
take care of him while I go and wade in the
ditch with Johnnie Bracer !”

Dr. Hastines, of Boston, in speaking of
religious joy, and of singing as being the
natural expression of that joy, remarked
that some congregations had so little of it
tha’ they had to hire people to do their sing-
ing. *‘* Why,” says he “I would as soon
think of hiring a man to eat my breakfast.”

ys

Anecdotes of Sharks.

HOW THEY FOLLOWED A. DYING SAILOR—A
SEVENTY-FOOT FISI—A NARROW ESCAPE,

Some twenty-five years ago, when the
writer was returning from China to England,
a messmate of his, a young midshipman,
hailing from Belfast, was taken ill of dy-
sentry. The poor young fellow battled long
with the fell disease, but though he possess-
eda vigorous constitution, and as brave a
heart as any man I ever knew, he could not
shake it off. During the last ten days of his
illness it had been remarked that a huge
shark followed the ship continuously ; the
ill-omened creature was first seen over the
counter, on the same side of the ship where
was the cabin in which young H——lay dy-
ing, and indeed just below it. Every one
saw it; and officers and men had only to
lean over the rail, and look Jong enough, and
a dim, shadowy form could be seen moving
stealthily deep down in the calm sea. Some-
times it disappeared for hours ; and a hope
was expressed that it had taken itself off.
** But no,” said one of the quartermasters,
an ancient mariner, who had passed fifty
years at sea, ‘‘the shark would not leave
until it got what it had come tor ;” and the
old salt jerked his head on one side to de-
note what he meant. The shark became the
subject of daily discourse, both in the fore-
castle and on the quarter-deck, and its ap-
pearances were regularly chronicled. Some-
times it rose near the surface, and then it
sank low down, and looked more horrible in
the deep stillness of the unfathomable sea.
All this time the weather remained very |.
calm, and we had scarcely any wind, though
at night it sometimes freshened, only to die
away in the morning. d

At length H——died, after much suffering
and a brave struggle against a her fate.
Within a few hours of his death this fine
young fellow was buried with all the tokens
of respect we could command.

That morning the shark wis seen at his
accustomed place under the counter, but af-
ter the funeral he was seen no more, and no
one on board the ship, either forward or aft,
could after this gainsay the observation of
the old quartermaster: ‘‘I ‘told you sir,
he knew there wasa dying man aboard us,
Yon’ll see no more of him; he’s got what
he wanted.”

Enntertaining this view it is not surpris-
ing that sailors regard the capture of a
shark as an act of retributive justice ; for
even though the victim that has fallen into
their hands may not have feaste1 cn a live
or dead seaman—which is extremely unlike-
ly, as they never miss a chance of devouring
buman flesh—yet they lock upen him as the
representative of his race, and ‘‘serve him
out ” accordingly.

For several days some sharks hud follow-
ed a ship off the Brazil coast, and, notwith-
standing every effort the crew could not suc-
ceed in catchIng one. At length a sbark
suddenly made a snatch at tke bait, and was
soon plunging and lashing his tail in a most
furious manner, as he found that he had got
more than he bargained for. It was evident
that he had taken the hook, and was so far
secured, butstill he was but ha!f cwyht, as
soon appeared. The men on deck ‘‘ clapped
on” to the line and very soon the creatnre
was alongside, but he plunged and Jashed
about so furiously that it was found impossi-
ble to land him on the deck until he had
somewhat exhausted his immense strength,
To assist in effecting this the mate proposed
to harpoon him, and in the absence of a
proper instrument took the bcat-hook, to
which he attached aline. After a few at-
tempts the mate succeeded in plunging the
boat-hook in the fore part of the back, when
the shark by a prodizious effort succeeded
in snapping the line, and, freeing himself
from the nook, made off with the boat-hook
sticking like a flagstaff out of his back. He
remained in sight some little time, evident-
ly feeling very uneasy, and then disappear-
ed ; but whether he succeeded in disengag-
ing himself from this unwonted appendage
could not be ascertained,

The shark is so voracious that in pursuing
ite prey it will leap out of the water, and it
also feeds on its own species. It has b-en
said that on cutting open sharks swaller ones
have been found inside ; for this I cannot
vouch from personal observation, though I
have seen a very miscellaneous collection of
articles extracted from the stomach, such as
towels, tooth-brushes, shoes, half a newspa-
pers and a rope’s end, The shark will de-
your avything, and may be regarded as the
scavenger of the sea, thus performing the
same office as the vultures on land.

The shark produces its young from a sort
of egg, the shell of which is brown, and re-

‘

THE CANADA

sembles leather; the eggis of oblong shape,
with tendrils curling from its corners. When
the term of hatching is fulfilled, the end of
the case is pushed out by the young shark,
which measures seven or eight inches in
length. The flesh is seldom eaten, even by
sailors whose fare for months has been salt
meat; the flavour is unpalatable, and the
texture tough and fibrous. The Icelanders
use the fat, which can be kept for a long
time, in place of lard, andeat it with the
prepared fish, The liver affords a good deal
of oil, and in Greenland the skin is used for
the construction of canoes. Shark’s teeth
are frequently dng up in fossil remains, and
specimens have been found of which the en-
amelled portion was four and a half inches
in length, from whence a geologist has cal-
culated that the shark which owned this
tooth must have exceeded seventy feet in
length.

In the year 1831 an American ship, named
the Olympus, anchored off the island of Bour-
bon, in the Indian Ocean, and some of the
sailors obtained permission to go ashore and
enjoy a walk after the day’s work. Night
was coming cn, and the quartermaster on
duty, tempted to indulge in a bath by the
tranquillity of the scene and the delicious
coolness of the water, undressed and jumped
overboard from the gangway. The quarter-
master was a good swimmer, and was soon
some distance from the ship, oblivious of
danger. But the cook, a negro, who was
sitting in the main-chains cooling himself
after his hot day’s duty, chanced to espy the
fin ef a shark which was swimming near the
surface of the water on the other side of the
ship to that on which his shipmate was dis-
porting himself. His first. impulse, after
making sure what it was (for so Jarge was
the size he thought it must be a plank), was
to call out and warn him of his danger, but
it seemed he wisely determined not to do so
lest the news might paralyze him with
terror. So he quickly warned some of the
sailors, ard in little more than two minutes
a small dingy suspended at the davits was
lowered into the water, and the crew were
pulling with might and main toward their
comrade, Whether it was that only now the
shark caught sight of the man in the water,
or the noise of the boat attracted his atten-
tion in that direction, the huge fish turned
and made toward the quartermaster, who,
still unconscious of the fearful danger men-
acing him, continued to swim away with re-
doubled energy, as the quick cl'ck of the
rowlocks warned him of the approach of his
shipmates. Reticence would now have been
misplaced, as, unless he was rescued within
a few seconds, all would be over with him.

‘* Williams,” shouted out the cockswain,
“there are sharks near you; be quick—get
into the boat, as you value your life.”

Apprehending at length the full horror of
his position, the quartermaster turned to the
little boat, where alone was safety, and being
a powerful swimmer, was soon almost along-
side. But the shark was upon him. ‘‘ Quick !
quick !” shouted h's shipmates, while the
bowman, glancing over his shoulder, threw
in his oar, and, quick as thought, jumped
up, boat-hook in hand, to try and help the
struggling seaman,

‘*Way enough,” shouted the coxswain,
as the boat, impelled by stout arms, shot
shot almost over the quartermaster, who,
after a final effort, cxtended his arms to
seize the gunwale of the boat, while two of
the crew leaned over the side in order to help
bim out. But the shark was not to be thus
easily balked of its anticipated prey, and as
it was near enough to make its venture,
darted ha'f out ot the water, exposing its
prodigious length, and turned over on its
side, opening its cavernous jaws. At that
moment, when all appeared lost, the bow-
man, exerting all his strength (and it so
happened that he was the most powerful
man in the ship), plunged the boat-hook
right into the mouth of the animal, which
writhing in agony, fell back into the water,
and snapped the weaponintwo. Turning
upon the boat in its fury, it lashed it with
its tail with such terrible force that it staved
it forward, The sailors had just time to
draw in their shipmate, when they they be-
came aware of the new danger menacing all
of them. The boat began to fill, when
deliverance came from another quarter.
Their cries for help (which, owing to the
calmness of the evening, were audible a
great distance) attracted the attention of
the crew of a schooner anchored near the
land, who quickly launched their long-boat,
and made toward them,

The shark, lashing the water with fury
and pain, appeared determined to exact
revenge, and remained near the spot, await-
ing its prey; but it was again balked, for
just as the little dingey was settling fast by

LUMBERMAN.

the head, the friendly long-boat arrived
upon the scene. The crew, with Williams,
were taken out of the sinking craft, and were
soon on their way back to the ship, rejoic-
ing their cecape from a terrible death.

a me ee

Greek Symbolism.

The decay of pagan belief was not, as He-
gel imagines, due to the fact that Hellenic
art was anthropomorphic. The gods ceased
to be gods not merely because they became
too like men, but because they became too
like anything definite. If the ibis on the
amulet or the owl on the terra cotta repre-
sents a more vital belief in the gods than
does the Venus of Milo or the Giustiniani
Minerva, it is not because the idea of divinity
is more compatible with an ugly bird than
with a beautiful woman, but because where-
as the beautiful woman, exquisitely wrought
by a consumate sculptor, occupied the mind
of the artist and of the beholder with the
idea of her keauty, to the exclusion of ali
else, the rudely-engraven ibis or the badly-
modeled owlet, on the other band, served
merely asa symbol], as the recaller of an
idea ; the mind did not pause in contempla-
tion of the bird, but wandered off in search
of the god; the goggle eyes of the owl and
the beak of the ibis were soon forgotten ir
the contamplation of the vague, ever-trans-
muted visions of phenomena of sky and
light, of semi-human and semi-bestial shapes,
of confused, half-embodicd forces ; in short,
of the supernatural. But the human shape
did most mischief to the supernatural mere
ly because the human shape was the mos-
absolute, the most distinct of all shapes; a
god might be symbolized as a beast, but he
could only be portrayed as a man; and if
the portrait was correct, then the god was a
man, and nothing more. Hven the most fan-
tastic among pagan supernatural creatures,
those strange monsters who longest kept
their original dual nature—the centaurs, sat-
yrs, and tritons—became beneath the chisel
of the artist mere abberations from the nor-
mal, rareand curious types like certain fair-
booth phenomena, but perfectly intelligible
and rational ; the very Chimera, she who
was to give her name to every sort of unin-
telligible fancy, became, in the bas-reliefs
of the story of Bellerophon, a mere singular
mixture between a lion and a dog, anda
bird—a cross-breed which happens not to be
possible, but which an ancient might well
have conceived as adorning some distant
zoological collection. How much more
rationalized were not the divinities in whom
only a peculiar shape of the eye, a certain
structure of the leg, or a definite fashion of
wearing the hair, remained of their former
nature? Learned men, indeed. tell us that
we need only to glance at Hera to see that
she it at bottom a cow; at Apollo, to recog-
nize that he is but a stag in human shape ;
or at Zeus, to recognize that he is, in point of
fact, alion. Yet it remains true that we
need only walk down the nearest street to
meet 10 ordinary 1.en and women who look
more like various animals than do any anti-
que divinities, and who can yet never be
said to be in rally cows, stags, or lions.
The same applies to the violent efforts which
are constantly being made to show in the
Greek and Latin poets a dis‘inct recollection
of the cosmic nature of the gods, construct-
ing the very human movements, looks, and
dress of the divinities into meteorological
phenomena, as has been done even by Mr.
Ruskin in his ‘‘ Queen of the Air,” despite
his artist’s sense, which should have warned
him that no artistic figure, like Homer’s di-
vinities, can possibly be at the same time a
woman and a whirlwind.

ae
She Snubbed Them.

A plainly dressed little lady from San
Francisco recently appeared at a California
watering place and was snubbed by all the
ladies. She sent home for her best dresses
and all her diamonds. After her trunks
arrived she went to breakfast in a magnifi-
cent morning dress made by Worth, pro-
fusely ornamented with diamonds, and her
two little children were dressed in the height
of fashion, Everybody seemed anxious to
make amends for past slights, but she was
extremely distant to one and all. She cut
them in this way for a week, then packed
up her nine Saratoga trunks and sent them
home, and resumed her plain and comfort-
able vacation clothes.

ee ee

A Boy was carrying two pounds of pow-
der anda fuse in a cigar box, at Gibraltar,
Pa. The end of the fuse protruded, and a
practical joker was at hand to light it. The
explosion killed the boy.

1]

SCIENTIFIC GOSSIP.

Ont kind of paper is made in China from
the paper mulberry tree bark, and another
kind from a mixture of that bark and wheat
straw,

Tue Syoran and Orenberg Railway bridge
across the River Volga, Kussia, which ix
just finished, cost $6,000,000. Where the
bridge ie built the river is more than a mile
wide, The 14 piers which support the gird-
ers are 100 feet above the main level of the
water, and the girders are 364 feet long and
20 feet wide.

Tue date of the earliest eclipse of the sun
recorded in the annals of the Chinese, when
‘on the first day of the Jast month of Au-
tumn the suo and moon did not meet har-
moniously in Fang,” or in that part of th:
heavens defired by two stars in the constel-
lation of the Scorpion, has been determined
by Prof. Von Oppolzer, of Vienna, to have
been the morning of Oct. 22, 2137 B.C.

M. Lorre. has called the attention of
the French Academy of Sviences to a here-
tofore unnoticed, but an apparently very
ancient, station of the stone age. It is situ-
ated near Hanaweb, a place not far from
Tyre in Syria. <A very large number of
rudely formed fiints, as well as a great many
fragments of boue and teeth, are there found
in a kind of conglomerate or orseous-breccia,

TuE wool crop of the world has increased
five times since 1830, when it was about
320,000,000 pounds in weight. In 1875—
the latest year fur which there are complete
figures—Europe produced 740,000,000, River
Piate 240,000,000, United States 208,000,-
000, Australia 350,000,000 and South Africa
4§,000,000 pounds, making a ‘otal of 1,556,-
000,000 pounds. Great Britain and France
consume each about the same quantity of
wool—380,000,000 a year. Germany con-
sumes about 165,000,000 pounds; United
States, 250,000,000 pounds, and Kussia,
Austria, and other countries, 400,000,000
pounds.

THERE are, or have Jately been, on exhi-
bition in Glasgow, Scotland, samples of
leather prepared with chrome, and without
the use of any tanning whatever. It is
claimed that the chrome prccess, invented
and patented by a Dr. Heinzerling, is not
only cheaper and more expeditious than the
usual methods of tanning, but that it pro-
duces a leather ‘‘stronger, more durable,
more pliant, and less pervious to moisture.”
The chrome-tanned leather exhibited was
made into belting, harness, boots, and other
articles ; and it may be well to suggest that
our leather manufacturers should scrutinize
what may be learned regarding the results,
and if the report is favourable it will go hard
with our inventors, but they will better the
mnprovement.

ee

An Edison Romance.

Mr. E*iso1 as the hero of a romance now
publishing in a Paris paper, is shown sitting
in the workshop at his elegant mansion,
wrapped in a black velvet dressing gown
with tassels of violet silk. Resting beside
him on a velvet cushion is the left hand and
arm, just severed from her body, of a bzauti-
ful young woman ; and near him a powerfal
elcctric battery. On the delicate wrist of
the young woman’s arm is a gold enamel
viper, and on her finger a sapphire ring, the
hand holding a dainty pearl gray glove. As
the story is entit'ed ‘‘ The New Eve,” it is
supposed that Edison is about to create a
woman with the arm instead of a rib as a
‘*starter.” One of the incideats represents
Edison sitting on a bank smoking a choice
cigar and watching two trains armed with a
new brake of his, designed to stop them in-
stantaneously and withoutashock, The en-
gimeers becoming excited bungle at the
brakes, bringing about a collision in which
several hundred are killed. At this, the
gifted inventor, throwing away his cigar,
impatiently remarks, ‘Clumsy! stupid!”
It is plain that very little is really known
about Edison in this country.

——$—$—$—$——<—arr ee a
A Disappointed Debtor.

The train had started off. A young man
rushed breathless in. ‘‘ Got left, did you 2”
‘* Well, ain’t I here?” he responded. Then
one said he could go across the bridge and
catch it, and another told him when the
next train would go, and made various sug-
gestions. The chap looked atthe disappear-
ing train a few seconds, when somebody
asked, ‘‘ Where were yougoing?” Then the
wicked fellow said, ‘‘Oh, I wasn’t going in
it, but there was a fellow in the train to
whom I promised to pay a bill,”

12

THE CANADA

The Solid South.

It is said that there is a skeleton in every
house. The idea is that there is something
in the history of every family that it keeps
as carefully concealed as possible, and which
it would like to have forgotten. There are
such things in nations, as well as in families,
The thing that most patriotic Americans
would like to have conceal2d and forgotten,
is the thing indicated by the word which
stands at the head of this article. That
“solid south” is the most ugly fact in the
current history of the great American Re-
public The import of that fact, being inter-
preted, is, that the unity of the nation is
essentially a thing of the past. The South
cares no more for the Democrats than it
does for the Republicans; it most cordially
hates and despises both the one and the
other of these. It gives its influence in fa-
vour of the former in preference to the lat-
ter, simply because such an alliance is the
only means by which it can secure its ascen-
dency in the nation, and be once more in a
positicn to redress what it believes to be its
wrongs, and to revenge itself upon the hated
Yankee. No person can travel in the S uth
without perceiving that a feeling of bitterness
against the North, deep and intense, every-
where prevails; and that feeling will never
be appeased until all that was done by the
war is undone by legislation.

Tho “‘colid South ” means, too, the sys-
tematic suppression of the negro vote.
Everybody knows, that knows anything
about the feeling which prevails among this
class of American citizens, that however
much they may r. spect their old masters and
their families, they do not trust them.
They know too well how deep rooted and
strong this aversion is to the very idea of
negro equality with them in anything!
especially at the polls and before the courts ;
and they have sagacity enough to perceive
that if the white people of the south cannot
reduce them again to bondage, they will do
allin their power to make their liberty as
little worth to them as possible. They
know, too, that the party at the north that
did all that they could do to fasten their
bonds upon them forever, will in the event
of its getting into power, do anything that
the south may ask them to do, to rcduce
them again to virtual, if not actual slavery.
The negroes know all this, and would not,
therefore, if Jeft to themselves to vote as
they pleased, cast one vote in a thousand
for the Democratic party. In many parts
of the south these coloured voters are
largely in the ascendency so far as numbers
are concerned ; and in spite of this fact the
the south will remain solid. This fact
speaks for itself; comment is unnecessary,

It follows then that democratic govern-
ment—the term is used in its proper
grammatical, not in its party sense—is a fail-
ure, at least so far as the south is concerned,
The ‘‘solid South” proves beyond a doubt
that the government is not to be carried
on in accordance with the will of the whole
pe ple, but acco:ding to a part, and that so
far as numbers are concern d, the small-
est part. It may, indeed, be said that this
is as it sh u'd be; that the negrocs are not
fit for self-government ; and that the will of
the superior class, the class that owns the
grcater part of the property, and represents
the greater part of the intelligence, are the
people that should govern. Into the dis-
cus-ion of that question we cnter not,
Everyone, however, will see that if there be
any force in this argument, it is against the
form of goverment which exists in the
United States, and only tends to strengthen
our position. Besides, all that is said of
the ignorance and incapacity for self-govern-
ment of the negroes is equally true of a large
proporticn of the enormous foreign element,
especially in the great cities of the north.
There is no argument that can be validly
employed in favour of the suppression of the
negro vote in the south that would not be
equally valid in favour of the disfranchise-
ment of an immense number of voters at the
north,

We do not wonder, in view of these facts,
that the American people do not like to
have so much said about the ‘‘ solid South.”
The northern Democrat, for reasons made
sufficiently apparent in this article, is
ashamed of it, and would rather, if he
could, get on without it; and the Republi-
can feels maddened by the fact that the very
means which he has devised as a make-
weight against the S uth, is not only neu-
tralized, but turned against him.

SH 88 2

Tnx time that a boy begins to think his

mother doesn't know enough to select his

. clothing for him is a dangerous period in his
‘istory,

A Millionaire Criminal.

(London Telegraph.)

Not every criminal who incurs the banish-
ment to Siberia is on that account to be
compassionated, if we may believe the ac-
counts of Mr. Juchanzeff’s sojcurn in exile,
recently published by a St. Petersburg journ-
al. This eminent malefactor, known through-
out Russia by the significant soubriquet of
“¢The Stealer of Millions,’ has contrived to
retain possession of the enormous fortune he
acquired by high-class swindling. When
coudemned to deportation, he travelled to
Krasnojarsk, the town selected for his penal
residence by the imperial authorities, in
princely style, attended by a suite of ser-
vants, carriages and horses, and it would ap-
pear that he is to become the leader of
fashion in that Siberian city. Tailors, per-
fumers and tobacconists advertise their
wares under his name ; he has been elected
a member of the leading club, and is about
to contract an alliance with a young lady
belonging to one of the first families of
Krasnojarsk. His dinner parties are attend-
ed by the chief official personages and local
nobilities ; ladies of the best society flock to
his evening receptions, and accept the splen-
did presents with which he judiciously courts
their favour and social countenance. It is
proposed by a committee of Krasnojarsk
‘* Tonnes’ to present him, upon his weddin
day, with a wreath of laurel, oak leaves, an
roses. Altogether, for a convicted misde-
meanant, undergoing sentence of banish-
ment, he appears to be leading an uncom-
monly pleasant life. Not so the thousands
of his dupes who, having trusted their for-
unes to his keeping, suffered total ruin at
hishands,

OS or

Ir you can s1xy nothing good of any one,
say no‘hing at all, for in friendship as in
love we are often happier in our ignorance
than in our knowledge.

MARKET 8KitPORTS.

CANADIAN LUMBERMAN OFFICE.

Toronto, 14th Oct., 1880.

The stock of lumber on hand in this city
at present is low, on account of the recent
strike on the Northern Railway. The demand
for cars for exports and local traflic, far ex-
ceeds the supply. As the season of navigation
draws*to a close, dealers are anxious to get
their lumber away, fearing that rates will
rise, which at present may be quoted at
$1.25 to $1.50 to Oswego. The latest reports
from Oswego indicate that a large stock is on
hand there, Sales for the past month have
been slow, but the feeling is that prices will
improve as the season draws to a close, and
sales will be more brisk. The shingle

market, both in Oswego and Canada,
is lively—-the demand exceeding the
supply. A number of mills have shut

down, as their stock has been cutup, From
present appearances, a larger stock will be
got out, during the coming winter—the men
have gone to the woods earlier, and in great-
er numbers than usual. A brisk trade all
over Western Canada, is anticipated this
season. All the railroads are running at

their full capacity.
YARD RATES.

Mill cull steers. meter c pO TOO@)) E00.
Shipping culls, (in box,).... 8 50 @ 10 00
Dressing inch,.............. 11 50 @ 13 00
Flooring, $ & 4 in,........... 12 00 @ 18 00
Joisting and scantling,..... 9 50 @ 10 50
Millrun sidings............. 12 00 @ 14 00
Pickings...........c.0.ss00s62+ 17 00 @ 20 00
Clear and pickings........... 25 00 @ 28 00
Paths .vinctici eldeiwcaeeeseeh cet LeeOm Game ae
Shingles, No. 1....... eee 210@ 220

INDE: sites. Maes 140 @ 1 60

LONDON, ONT.

Common Lumber.......... $10 00 @ 12 00
StOCKsDOarUSt as ears cieirie 13 00 @ 15 00
Clear in. and 14 to 2in..... 25 00 @ 30 00
Bill stuff, up to 15 feet..... @ 13 00

OVEDULGR, HS emcees 13 00 @ I5 00
Lath, per 1000 feet.. ......... @ 400
Shingles No, 2, per M........ @ 2 65

PETISQUBKOR TS \.cccte. sfeene @ 190

Our correspondent says, manufacturers of
bill stuff from Georgian Bay and Lake Shore,
met in London on the 7th inst, and decided
to raise prices, $1 per M,

First and second clear, 1@ 1} in......$43 00
First and 2d clear, 2in..........<<. 45 00
Third clear, 1} @ 2 in.............. 38 00
Third’clear. I inGh.......ccoc. 1 cece acne Ue
Ist and 2d clear dressed siding...... 20 00
Ist com. dressed siding..........004 18 50
Second common: ces das gece stoma 17 50
Flooring, lst com, dressed.......... 34 00
Flooring, 2d com, dressed........... 32 00
Flooring, 3d com. dressed........... 24 00
Box bds, A, 13 in. and up........... 43 00
, Box bds, B, 14 in. and up............ 37 00
BOX DOMRUE) evens sac concen eee 25 00
A stock boards, 12 @ 16 in., rough.... 37 00
B stock bds, 10 @ 12 ip............. 33 00
C'stock hds, 10 @ 1Zin .....5....:. 27 00
Common stock boards .............. 17 00
Cull hosrdeen cc. cones oe $10 00 @ 11 00
LYST SAA Oe ReSinegersiio Magu aa 12 50
RENGIMPPINGOO. . Ceicis ct ciemele Sneran Se 10 50
Common boards............ 14 00@ 15 00
(DIM@NSION BUM wc cisieiesinia's a/once ae 12 40
Dimension stuff, 20 @ 30 ft..12 50@ 20 00
Small timber, 6 x 6 to8 x 8.......... 11 50
Round) posts, (cagar, oon. <cckie = tw ae 15 00
Pickets, dressed and headed, flat.... 20 00
Pickets, 0., SQUATO.....cccucswecre 20 OO
Piekets, ToOueN ye. caesisen amare 14 00
Clear aiinglestcc carectetss cic teee st aki 3 00
Eistra) <A ehingles nrc cons. cs cee 2 65
Standard ‘* A” dry shingles.......... 2 40
Shaded ‘*A shingles............... 110
INO.) Shingless AS I4 teens eee cee 1 00
Cedar shingles. ...........08. Te St 2 25
Diath dryis oo ter Gs 0 0a See 8 ete e me ee

LUMBERMAN.
OTTAWA. OSWEGO, N.
The tollowieia are quotations in the Otta- Three uppers Se pes 00 @ 40 0
~alcnasrace hres se Mesos enets
12 in, stocks, good........ $18 00. @ 20 00} Fickings.....--cseasine1+-:28 00 @ 30 00
12 “cc S. culls..... 10 00 @ 10 50 rane COMMOD . ssscessssce 26 00 @ 22 00
10 “cc OND vise ase 7a 16 00 @ 18 00 OMMON.. .ccesssssesesese 400 @ 16 00
Le ce PG GUS sass 5) Gules M nga vari eeeeee eee eeee as te oon
ape, ant ip eee a cee ; 7s Sidings, selected, linch.... 28 00 @ 32 00
Sidings 1} 14, and 2 in. . 14 Ths Se - 28 00 @ 35 00
goo Fags a i oe ” 2390 @ 26 00 Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet 16 00 @ 20 00
66 *“ culls 9 00 @ e 00 Selected seeeecesse “Pe 00 @ 25 00
Lath (#7 1,000 pes.)........ 000 @ 100},-.shippers.......+...... 15 00 @ 16 00
Deals (#? Quebec standard) a Paes 1} in. strips ce 4 _ bs 4
18b....00000¢eccresceccs! O 00 GREE. ements e ieee
Deals ( Quebec standard) hte ¥ : selected. fos ion ee % 2 * -
Dd i6. dati pedteaastete @ 65 00)" 2 para |
Deals (B Quebee standard) La XXX, 18-in, cedar..... 3 00 @ 3 10
Sd evens ee 0 00 @ 8 50 ML: . so 2 'ice aismiaataks ener 150 @ 1 75
Cull deals (# M, ft.)...... 650 @ 8 59 ——
FREIGHT,

To Montreal, $1.15 ; Quebec, $2; Bur-
lington, $2; Whiteba]], $1.25; Albany,
$3.50 ; New York, $4. '

BUFFALO.

We quote cargo lots :

Rip PCRS <ats-cte a s\cts\ctataremeaee $35 00 @ 40 00

Common...... aatctalerdte priate 16 00 @ 19 00

Onlls 1.5 vdhlarc' ce setaainma Ree 11 00 @ 12 00

Assorted lumber in car lots or boat loads :

3 uppers 1 inch.,...........$ @ 40 00

Do. 14 and 14 in.......,... 40 00 @ 42 00

Do. Pan vite diverse dase eae 45 00 @ 47 00

Do. 243 and 4 in, special..

Pickings Linch. «6. sss 6) = 28 00 @ 30 00
«« 14 and 14 in........ 33 00 @ 35 00
as 2, 3, and 4 in,

special tig), tate ite 9 bie ,-. 22 00 @ 40 00

lrelving. sicta\sleiie aistewn tas ere 22 00 @ 40 00

OCattin pap, « ces vets aites oe 22 00 @ 24 00

Sidings, com., 1 in......... 16 50 @ 17 00
‘* 1} in, and over,.... 17 00 @ 20 09

Ccmmon, stocks............. 16 50 @ 17 00

Box, all thicknesses........ 13 00 @ 14 00

18 m XXX shingles......... 340 @ 3 50

18 inch clear butts......... 240 @ 2 50

Liabh ips cieishelahe eatifnn nena ae 175 @ 1 80

We quote wholesale prices of hardwood
lumber, delivered on cars or boat :

Walnut 4 inch clear..................$65 00
§ inca, Ista and 2nds..,..../.0.0000% 70 00
# inch, Ists and 2ods, 14 feet coffin

stock: @ Fai iiiles. MEk setae coe 73 00
Linch: Jets and 2nds4ics: siisv udev 73 00

14,14, 12, and 2 inch. 2.6. 000008 oe 74 00
24 inch and thicker................. 75 00
COUNTERS: '.'.i4,n°% is en-aiee ne siaisSek Wiatnnolals 130 00
newels 7x5 to 1Ox10.......c0..e0es 90 00
common in. & thicker,............... 50 00
culls, /inehis.c Hh Neh Ee ae 35 00
oulls, 1d InGhis cis adc ctemwins Mebrsetes 35 00

White ash, Ohio Ist and fine 2nds,.., 28 00

Whitewood, inch <.)04.:ases0 ssp aaae aid 30 00
B ING. j.iscpin10.4, frackbews neh corn eNO
fin coffin stock, 14 ft............. 30 00
square, 4x4 to 10x10...........++ 33 00

Chestnuts, Ists and fine 2nds,....... 30 00

Maple :.'s 5's cn ternustawias tern ein 25 00

Wibite onk,. Ohioicata. serk. sSiteuraae ie 30 00

Cherry, inch and thicker............. 42 00

Bu thormmtycsieipeinaves anon a cytes sealers 45 00

Hickory, best Ohio........... cece ee 35 00

CHICAGO.
YARD RATES.

DETROIT,
Yard rates, Oct. 9, were as follo

Uppers, all thicknesses... .$40
GOLGGEA 5... amo tre Sind ae de +. 35
Fine common, thick...... “
No. 1 common stock, 1x12.,
Common shippers, 1x12...
Flooring, select..... peisiniueh

OOMIMON, . asin sess daca ae
Roofing, matched..........
Siding, clear......

A, BELGE. s ob gehe amare

S$ ss

16
13

L

COMMON «50.0% b.n.xi ede ee
Shipping culls......... ann
Mill cull boards...........
Dimension or bill stuff to 16
OEE RN, hone aie

18 to 24 feet......c.ccsee
longer than 24 feet......
Shingles, clear, 18 inch...,
6 inch clear, 18 inch.....
BATH «0 ndedke ateneee «2 ‘ualed

=
Ss
GQOQLEOS POHOHOOEOEOOOEGO F

ween SSRBSSREBREEBBE
RUNSSS sessssseseseesss

FREIGHTS,

To New York # M. feet...... a oie
To Bridgeport............0 esses
To New. Haven. ..4.:.: is seu ceeaenen
To Providence. . «is: uaa a's data
To Pawtucket... ...so.ssseeee
To Norwalk... °*'.iisdideu

Dee Nr NNR ee
SRASRRKSRKS

To Philadelphia, .......-++. +.
Quotations at the yards are as follows :

Pine, clear, ¥ M......... eab Oe ae
Pine, fourthae;<); 2242 re ie
Pine, selects....:,.s<e.dee eoaltage <a
Pine, good box.: : .. Vee 4G senses
Pine, common box. ....555..0.sscces
Pine, 10 in. plank, each........... e
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls............
Pine boards, 10-in........... Soca
Pine, 10-in boards, culls, each......
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft. # M......
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16 tt...........
Pine I2-in. boards,13 ft..........+.
Pine, 1}-in., siding, select..........
Pine, 1}-in. siding common....... -
Pine, l-in. siding, selected,........
Pine, l-in. sidiag, common.........
Spruce boards, each............. 6
Spruce, plank, 1}-in., each.........
Spruce, plank, 2 in., each..........
Spruce, wall strips, each......
Hemlock, boards, each......

ef

SSae RRB
853888838

8

Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each...
Hemlock, wall stri

Sx ck ccaes

1}

13

30

94

Black walnut, > Ot. See
Black walnut, §-in..<.ccescasbesue) SGD
Black walnut, ?-in................ 78 00
Sycamore; ‘T-in.cccas baseeaee seanns)
Sycamore, §-in........ <hiehiadeas Sica . 200
White wood, 1 inch and thicker.... 40 00
White wood, § inch................. 3000
Ashpgood : aos. ee eee ceccccees., 43 00
Ash, second quality..... eerie
Cherry, good.......... socccenceys MOU
Cherry, common.... 3. .....ssscnesen 90 OO
Oaks Wands 350i case eae eee
Oak, second quality.........-..... 2500
Bssewood . .... ...0 cnc 0s ns vies-cneteenee
LEE a oe eee 8 eyes eT
Maple, Canada... us .asc vac oscenssne eee
Maple, Ambric&hi.. .. cccescaneeen 28 00
COHGStHROG « ccncen teens Rae -- 4000
Shingles, shaved, pine..m......... 6 00
S av SOU TFGAIG Ten tap as sc. 4 50
Shingles, extra, sawed, pine..... —. aoe
Shingles, clear, sawed, pine....... 3 25
Shirgles, cedar, mixed........... ~ 2795
Shingles, hemlock.......... onaneg me OO
Lath, GMPOE eta snc es Gane conn 1 50
Piatti” apenOeecceuvecncccccceccee = at ae

THE

CANADA LUMBERMAN.

CLEVELAND.

ROUGH LUMBER.

U pers, thick.....ssececseee eee e eee G45 00
. BGG ke bbws s6¥ asides daeinemene uelO0

Boxmthigk Stuy ticste’s «sina ase omtaete ¢ 100000
Britian ft «e's st statsemeea’s ai.aen OO
24, 3 and 4 in clears special
Flooring strips, 6 in, No. 1.........+. 34 00
Fencing strips, 6-in, No, 1.......... 16 00
INO: 20 oi eee sels Siew, elegant 2. OO
Select common, thick..............- 28 00
TNLCH Ieee ieictcasiaizl slo voievs,e)siele ny, 2 OO
COMMON ects secccaesesscre cieswteoryo, OO
Cullshivas sos... eee tee iaeesrueiners Le 0G
BanGeENO TT IQ. ce wc cseesresses > 20 00
_" LEG eed edtan send octieaceoce oiee MU
TOME oe dreciccsesce cece, L200
INGRIEIG HES ities cio oieie-c> ote. 20100
NGIOUIREE: eieceee cece ees eae ee ee 18) OO
Nome 18 ft. 28.6665 RIES Loetl 15 00
Bill stuff to 18 ft ..... SNE 8. STOO
Bill stuff over 18 ft. adds
75c to $1 per it. per M.
REEPRCRPOROIORC ce civcsserccveesescrsesssesy, 3.00
PRSAIEDILG LASS Cases ssscitetvereccarectss, 200
Lath..... MM een ercn ccctecebe sas ipecie | 2. 20
Surfacing one side adds to the price of
OUP RIMMBOL: «0% 215 voc. sob eo cee ees 1 00
Diamar aaces stele 7scasessscce osscos ade 1 vv
Norway bds and strips.................... 18 Ov
common........... Meseueein fone ola sese LO

DRESSED LUMBER,

Flooring and drop siding clear.......$40 00
(PELE go. SHE SO ONDE DRoHnCuEEE ose . 30 00
BELG ERCOM sce riainian's esssean'e Wein 120) OO
TAINO erieleistols aiscwioeivi« sje cel 4) 2000

Siding, 4 in. bevel clear............. 00

ae Meio laieinelsesielola\elolaicielcicsnie «|, 20) OO

select common.,............--.... 15 00

Working lumber matching flooring and
drop siding, $2; working 4 in. siding, $4.

PETROLEUM.

From Petrolia, this week, the crude oil
market is reported firm at $2.05 in tank.
Refined is quoted at 25 cents in car load lots,
with prospects of increase in value. The
refineries are running to their utmost capa-
- city to supply the demand. Holders of crude
are confident of further appreciation in the
value of their product and are holding fast
- to their stocks. Drillers are at a loss to fill
the contracts rushed upon them by the late
boom in prices, It has been estimated that
during the nine months ending Oct. Ist, there
were drilled in the district 325 wells, of
which 67 were dry holes.

An Ottawa gentleman has in his possession
a fine specimen of silver ore, found about
forty miles from that city. He intends
shortly taking steps to open up the mine.

OR SALE, IN THE BEAUTIFUL

town of Orillia, a very commodious brick house
with out buildings and garden. Terms moderate.
Apply to Editor of LumpgRMan, Toronto.

ja ner gen BROTHERS,

Brokers, and general Produce-Proyision Commis-
sion Merchants, 24 Water Street, Saint John, N. B.
Highest References provided. Consignments solici-
ted, Correspondence respectfully requested. Returns
promptly made.

W. R. MACKENZIE.

D. G. MACKENZIE.

DOMINION HOUSE.
BRACEBRIDGE,

A good house inevery respect. Free’bus to and
from the wharf. Terms, $1 per day.
R. GILCHRIST, Proprietor.

ORILLIA HOUSE.

ORILLIA,

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north
of Toronto ; splendid sample rooms : centrally locat-
ed ; free ’bus.

JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

ST. LAWRENCE HALL,

PORT HOPE.

Is noted for itssuperior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best Hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground floor, Welton Street, Port Hope.

Wm. MACKIE, Proprietor.

ALLANDALE JUNCTION HOTEL.

Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 min-
utes by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals.
Tea and coffce at counter. Fine brands of liquors and

choice cigars.
E. 8. MEEKING Proprietor.

QUEEN’S HOTEL,
BRACEBRIDGE,

a

nting parties will receive ey o#sible attent-
Free on t» and from the tanita wharf,
one dollar per day.

FRASER’S HOTEL,
GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, Pieper (successor to Doug-
land Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thor-
oughly renovated and reflitted that old established
hutel, so long and popularly kept and owned by
Dougald Brown, in the village of Gravenhurst, is
now in a position to attend to the wants of the travel-
ling and general public. Parties en route to the
Muskoka District, wiil find ‘* fraser’s” a comfortable
stopping place. The Bar and Larver are well furn-
ished. Convenient Sample Rooms for Commercial
Men. Good Stabling and attentive hostler. Free
"bus to and from trains and steamboats.

ST. LOU IS” HOTEL.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hote], which is unrivalled for size,
style and locality in Quebec, is open through-
out the year for pleasure and business travel.

HOTEL OTTAWA,

No. 21 North Side King Square.
ST. JOHN, N. B.
EH. COSMAN, - -

Proprietor.

Terms, $1.00 to $1.50 per day.

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA,
JAS. A. GOUIN, : -
Is THE
Favourite Resort of the Leading Public
men of the Dominion attending
the annual Sessions of

Parliament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Par-
liament, Public Officials, as well as those having
business with the various Departments of the Gov-
ernment. Itisalso the head-quarters of those having
dealings with the princely Lumber Manufacturers in
the great Pine Valley, of which Ottawa isthe acknow-
ledged centre,

Tue RussELL Houss being central, almost abutting
on the magnificent PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL
Buitpines—the pride «f the Country-—-is thus con-
veniently situated for those visiting the City on pub-
lic business. But the location is also everything
that could be desired alike for the man of business
and the man of pleasure. A fewmisutes walk brings
the guest of the Hotel within reach, not only of all
the principal business resorts, but also of the most
splendid Mountain and Valley Scenery that can be
seen anywhere, as also of the two almost unrivalled
Weterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau— and of the
extersive Manufacturing Establishments and Depots
ofthe leading Lumbermen. But, besides the beauti-
ful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, inciudes
the magnificent Ottawa and two ofits grand tributar-
ies—-the Rideau aud the Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar-
ently never-ending woods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be ob-
tained cn the Continent-

THE RussELL Houss affords excellent accomodation
for 300 guests ; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and no-
thing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
fortably ‘‘ at home.,’

@= Omnibusses meet the Arrival of
eyery Train and Boat.

GLASS BALL CASTORS

For FURNITURE, PIANOS,
ORGANS, etc., the best and most
ornamental] Castors in the market.
They greatly improve the tone of
musical ing‘ruments.

RHEUMATISM, NERVOUS-
NESS, SLEEPLESSNESS cured
by insulating beds with them.

Sold by hardware dealers.

Agents wanted.

Proprietor.

ADDRESS FOR CIRCULARS 3

GLASS BALL CASTOR COMP'Y,

64, 66 & 68 REBECCA ST.,
EXLEADRTILTonNn, On TT.
1-3m

In Press—To BE PUBLISHED IN JANUARY, 1881.
LOVELL’S

Gazetteer of British North America.

Containing the latest and most authentic descrip-
tious of over 7,500 Cities, Towns and Villages in the
Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New
Brunswick, Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island,
Manitoba, British Columbia and the North-West
Territories, and other general information, drawn
from official sources, as to the names, locality, ex-
tent, ect., of over 1,800 Lakes and Rivers ; a ‘TABLE
oF Routes, showing the proximity of the Railroad
Stations, and Sea Lake and River Ports, to the
Cities, Towns, Villages, etc., in the severa. Provinces,
(this fable will be found invaluable); and a neat
Coloured Map of the Dominion of Canada. Edited
by P. A. Crossby, assisted by a corps of Writers.
Subscribers’ names respectfully solicited. Agents
wanted, (g-Priczk $3—Payable on Delivery.

JOHN LOVELL & SON, Publishers.
Montreal, August, 1880.

DISSOLUTION OF PARTNERSHIP.
MHE PARTNERSHIP HEREEO-

FORE existing between Guo. Bencoven and Wm.
DINGMAN, a8 Machivory Brokers, has this day been
dissolved by mutual consent. Al) accounts will be
suited, and the business carried on by Goo. Ben-

gough under the name and style of Wm. Dingman &
Co,

Guo Bencouen,
Wm. Dixeman,

Witness : Ep. E. Kina.

MACHINERY!

TEARN’S No. 3 SAW MILL,
Log Turner, 68 h.p. Engine, 3 Boilers, dome and
heater. This is first class mill outfit, held for
bank and willbe so'd cheap. We have also 2 Iron
Lathes and other Machinery, Send for Price Lis™
WM. DINGMAN & CO.,
56 Front Street East, Toronto.

= iF

OF CANADA

ot

MIDLAND RAILWAY

AND

Whitby, Port Perry & Lindsay

RAIOW§V AY.

NOTICE TO SHIPPERS.

All freight for points on the above roads
should be shipped vza the GRAND TRUNK
Ratnway, when it will be forwarded by the
shortest route without transhipment and at
the cheapest rates,

Fast Freight Trains Run Through To

Peterborough, Fenelon Falls, Kin-
mount, Minden, Orillia, Lindsay, Hali-
burton, Midland, and Waubashene,
connecting with fast steamers for
Parry Sound and Byng Inlet,

For rates, etc., apply to local agents, or to
A. Wuitr, General Traffic Agent, Peter-
borough.

GEO. A. COX,
Managing Director, M. R. of C.

JAS. HOLDEN,
Managing Dirccior W., P. P., and L. Ry.

Great Western Railway

TICKFTS to San Francisco and all Points on the
Pacific Co:st, both Overland and by Pacific Mail
Steamships from New York. Winnipeg and the
North West by all Routes. London, Detrcit, Sus-
pension Bridge, and ail the principal points in the
Unitrep Statzs, both east and west, with the fulicst
information of Routes, with Guidez, Time Tables,
Maps, &c., FREE,

SOLE AGENCY FOR THE
WHITE STAR LINE,

To Liverpool, Londonderry, Queenstown, Bel-
fast and Glasgow.

T. W. JONES, Agent,

23 York Sttreet, Toronto, near Queen’s Hotcl.

WING TO THE DEATH OF THE LATE JOHN
CHAFFEY, Esq., there will be sold by

PRIVATE SALE,

BY HIS EXECUTORS, THOSE

LARGE TIMBER LIMITS

——oON THE——

SeANISH RIVER,

DISTRICT OF ALGOMA,

belonging to his estate, together with the steam saw
mills and other property necessary for a large lum-
ber business*

The timber licenses to be sold consist of part of
the township of Spragge, on the Serpent R'ver, and
the townships of Salter, May, Hallam, Merrit, Bald-
win and Shakespeare, on the Spanish River. These
limits are wcll watered by the Spanish River, whic:
can be driven atall seasons in frim three to fourteei
days. Supplies can be distributed from the river,
which is navigable for 35 miles from the mouth. Th
quality of pine is well known as being very choice.

The mill property on Aird Island, near the mouth
of the Spanish River, is a Post Office on the regular
stcamboat route from Collivgwood, There are two
steam mills in working order—capacity two million
feet per month ; securing booming for 100,000 logs;
piling ground for five millions ; fronting on water ;
vessels can load to any depth. Boarding house,
store, with chance of good store business, manager’s
and labourcrs’ horses, store-house, carpenter’s shop,
blacksmith’s shop, Gap lathe for doing repairs.

Other property consists of tug, [6x16 cylinder
schooner Snow Bird, booms, 10 tons boom-chain,
horses’ harness, sleighs, all plant for doing a large
lumber business.

Farm, 1,200 acres, on river, 140 clearedand a mea-
dow, two large barns and implements for farming,
The above property will be sold en bloc. A party is
at Spanish River Mills to show the limit to intending
purchasers.

Address
A. E. RICHARDS,
Executor,

1-tf. Brockville,

PUBLIC NOTICE.

LL PERSONS NOW SQUATTED
upon any Public Lands within the Nipissing
Crown Land Agency are hereby requested to apply
without delay to John 8, Searleit, Eequire, Crown
Lavd Agent at Nipissing, and have their locations
carried out in due form, failing which their claime
caunot be recognized by the Dapartment.
TUO8. H. JOHNSON,
Assistant Commissioner.
Departm’t of Crown Lands, }
Toronto, 13th Oct., 1880. §

TIMBER LIMITS

AND

SAW MILL FOR SALE!

The following t-mber limi s. held by the Montreal

Lumber Company, in the Province of Qucbec, are
hereby offered for sale, viz:

1. Limits on and near the River Mas inonge, as
follows: Sq. Miles.
Maskinonge No. 1 east....--..+0-scce---cvcsceees 2D
Maskinonge No. 2 ecast.......s0-sscsees-- 50
Magkinonge No. 3 east.....--se0- $4
Maskinonge No. 1 west....0:.sccee-ssssssessee 4%
Rear Riviere du Loup Nos, I, 2, 3 45
Peterborough €a8t.....--60. sese-ceeeees us
Peterborough and Brandon... 19

Total...cso-seoes isbite! elke ae vin 1s eee 270

2. Limits on the River St. Maurice and its tribu-
taries, viz :

St. Maurice No. 3 east south half.............+ 19
Rat River No.)2 NOFth: cseneccescoscscedovenssns 40
Rat River No, 2 south ...--......- ess 40
Rat River No. 3...00ccccos+see Ea ee 50
Vermillion No, 2: SOUR c.cscnsscevsssovcsscssces Me
Vermillion No. 3 south-west half........+++ esses BB
Ve million No. 4 south-cast half. ......-s.se000- pa
Paheloganing West .. ..cccsccesccuscecerccsssse 49

Total. ..cccscess wavewlseru sete epewevEteee 234

With the Maskinonge limits there is a saw mill
run by water and steam power, in perfect running
order, with dwelling house, office and stables, and
about ten acres of land at t*e village of Maskinonge
Bridge, and a piling ground of about ten acres at
he mouth of the river.

The St. Maurice limits are rich in pine, and are re-
ported to be the best in the St. Maurice territory.
The timber on the Maskinonge Jimits is chiefly
spruce.

The whole property is most conveniently situated
for the shipment of lumber to the American mar-

ket. For further particulars apply to
JOHN FAIR,
Sec. Montreal Lumber Co., Montreal

1-tf.

BUY ONLY THE BEST!

ROYA\ PRINTOGRAPH

THE KING COPYING TABLE.
Always takes the Icad.

Over 400 copies have been printed from one writing.
PRIZES AWARDED FOR SUPERIOR MERIT
The only Diploma given by the Industrial Exhibi
tion Association of Toronto, for ‘‘ Copying Tablets,’

was awarded to us for our ‘Improved Copying
Tablets,” with black and coloured inks.

We a’so received a Special Prize at the Provincial
Exhibition at Hamilton, and alsv an Extra Prize for
our very ‘‘ Superior Copying Inks,” for use on the
Printograph or other Copying Tablets.

GREAT IMPROVEMENTS,
NEW FEATURES,
BLACK AND COLOURED INKS,
AND A
SPECIAL PENCIL.

Also a Special Copyiug Ink for _use on Rubber-
Stamps.

EVERY PRINTOGRAPH IS WARRANTED.

PRICES REDUCED

Printographs. $1.00 and upwards, according to
size. Inks, 25 cents per bottle. Copying Pencil, 20
cents each. Our manufactures can be sent to any
address on receipt of price.

PIM & CO,,

Manufacturers, 61 King Street East, Toronto.

CauTIon—As there are worthless imitations being

sold under different names the public are cau?
against buying any but “* Pim’s Royal Printog
ag none but those bearing our name are genul

14

FINDING FRANKLIN.

Extracts from the Account of Schwat-
ka’s Search.

Thrilling Story of Ais Sledge Journey
Over Arctic Snows.

Derpor Issaxp, Norra Hunpson’s Bay,
August 1, 1880.

It is just two ycars since Lieut, Schwat-
ka’s Franklin search party landed at Camp
Daly, on the adjacent mainland, and during
this period its experience has been, I be-
lieve, sufficiently varied and novel to make
an interesting chapter in Arctic history. We
had been informed in New York that a
Netchilik Esquimaux had given Captain
Thomas F, Barry, when second officer of the
whaler Glacier, then wintering in Repulse
Buy, a spoon which proved to have been the
property of Sir John Franklin; that subse
quently when Barry, whilesccond mate of the
A, Haughton, was writing in his lozbook he
overheard the native who had given him the
spoon in conversation with another Netchil-
hk say that the spoon came from a cairn
where there were many such articles, be-
sides books, similar to the one that Barry
was writing in at the time ; that Barry then
questioned them, procuring a reiteration of
the statement, and that the books were pro-
bably still there, as Inuits had no use for
them, and would not disturb them, They
also expressed their willingness to guide a
party of white mon to the cairn. A chart
was shown and explained to them, and they
pointed out K ng William Land as the coun-
try where the cairn could be found. The
natural inference was that that the books
that they saw in a cairn with silverware and
other articles from the Erebus and Terror
were probably the records of Iianklin’s ex-
pedition, and the information seemed sufli-
ciently direct and reliable to warrant the or-
ganization of the Franklin search party of
1878, 1879, and 1880. It took some time af-
ter reaching Hudson’s Bay to sift these
statements an 1 find them wholly devoid of
truth. But giadually they all fell to the
ground, piece by piece, until nothing was
left but the bare fact that he had a Franklin
spoon in his possession when he reached the
United States at the conclusion of his voy-
age in the Glacier, in the year 1873.

AN INTERESTING SPECTACLE,

We witnessed a mest peculiar and inter-
esting spectacle on the Sth, in what appear-
ed to bes frozen waterfall, about twenty-
five feet in height, where a branch seemed
to flow into the Lorillard from the west, At
a distance it looked like a mountain torrent
which had bceu a:rested in 1b; progress by
some mighty had and trans'ormed into
stone. Its ripples of crystal gleamed in the
sunlight and sparkled as if studded with
myriads of gems. Afver enjvying its varied
beauties for s me time | climbed to the top
of the Lauk to make a closer inspc ction of it.
Tracing its course for a short distance from
the shore I found a shallow brook which
had frozen in a level place at the top of the
hill, forcing the water to the right and left
until it spread in a thin sheet over the face
of the rock for the space of about fifty feet
in bieadth. ‘Successive layers of ise were
thus formed and this novel and beautiful ef-
fect produced. ‘The first few days of our
journey were excessivily fatiguu.g. ‘The
sleds were heavy, and we often had to put
on our harness to help the dogs over a ridge
or through a dcep dritt. We had not yet
become hardened, and consc quently experi-
enced much difficulty from blistered feet
and chafiug, but as we got rid of our super-
flous flesh these petty troubles became
less annoying and we did not so easily be-
come fatigued from walking.

THE OLD MAN'S STORY OF WULTE MEN,

From Ikinnelikpatolok, the old Oookjoo-
lik, we learned at the interview that he only
once before saw white men alive. That was
when he was a little boy. He is now 65 or
70. He was fishing on Back’s River when
they came along in a boat and shook hands
with him. There were ten men. ‘The leader
was called ‘* Tos-ard-e-roak,” which Joe
says from the sound he thinks means Lieut.
Back. The next white man he saw was
dead in a bunk of a big ship which was fro-
zen in the ice near an island about five miles
due west of Giand Point, on Adelaide Pe-
ninsula, They had to walk out about three
miles on smooth ice to reach the ship. He
- gaid that his son, who was present, a man
“about 35 years old, was then about like a

ild he pointed out, that is, probably 7 or

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

§ years old. About this time he saw the
tracks of white men on the main land,
When we first saw them there were four
and afterwards only three. This was when
the spring snows were falling. When his
people saw the ship so long without any one
around they used to go on board and steal
pieces of wood and ircn. ‘They did not know
how to get inside by the doors, and cut a
hole in the side of the ship on a level with
the ice, so that when the ice broke up dur-
ing the following summer, the ship filled
andsunk, No tracks were seen in the salt
water ice or on the ship, which also was cov
ered with snow, but they saw scrapings and
sweepings alongside, which scemed to have
been brushed off by peopie who had been
living on board. They found some red cans
of fresh meat, with plenty of what looked
like tallow mixed with it. A great many had
been opened, and four were still unopened,
They saw no bread. They found plenty of
knives, forks, spoons, pans, cups and plates
on board, and afterwards found a few such
things on shore after the vessel had gone
down, ‘They also saw books on board, and
left them there. They only took knives,
forks, spoons and pans ; the other things
they had no use for, He never saw or heard
of the white men’s cairu on Adelaide Penin-
sula,

TILE

LOST FXPLORERS,

Ahlangyah po'nted out the eastern coast
of Washington Bay as the spot where she,
in company with her husband and two other
men with their wives, had seen ten white
men dragging a sledge with a boat on it
many years ago. There was another Inuit
with them, who did not go near the white
men, ‘Thesledge was on the ice and a wide
erack separated them from the white men
at the interview. ‘Che women went on shore
and the men awaited the white peop'e on
the track on theice, ive of the white men
put up a tent on the shore and five rema:ned
with the boat onthe ice. The Inuits put up
a tent not far from the white men and they
staycd together here five days, During this
time the Inuits kijled a number of seals on
the ice and gave them to the white men.
They gave her husband a chopping knife.
He wus the one who had the most inter-
course with the white crew, ‘The knife is
now Jcst or broken and worn out. She has
not seen it for a long time. At the end of
five days they all started for Adelaide Pen-

insula, fearing that theice, which was very
rotten, might not let them across, They
started at night, because then, the sun being
low, the ice would be a little frezen, The
white men followed, dragging their heavy
sledge and Loat, and could not cross the rot-
ten ice as fast as the Iauits, who halted and
waited for them at Gladmav’s Point. The
Inuits could not cross to the mainland ; the
ice was too rotten, and they remained in
King William Land all summer, They never
saw the white men again, though they wait-
ed ab Gladman Point fishing in the neigh-
bouring lakes, going back and forth between
the shore and lakes nearly all summer, and
then went to the eastern shore, near Matty
Island. Some of the white men were very
thin, and their mouths were dry ard hard
and black. They had no fur ciothing on.
When asked if she remembered what names
any of the white men were called she said
one of them was called ‘‘ Algoocar” and
another ‘‘Too!ooah.” The latter seemed to
be the chief, and it was he who gave the
chopping knife to herhusbaud. (Agloce +r
ard Tooloorh are both common Bsquimaux
names, and it is probable that the names she
heard the white m n calied resembl.d these
in sound, and thus impressed themselves up-
on her mind. Another cne was cal'ed
“*Dok-touk ” (doctor). ‘* Too'ooah””’ was a
little older than the others and had a large
black beard mixcd with gray. He was _big-
ger than any of the others—‘‘a Lig, broad

man.” ‘‘ Agloocar” was smaller and had a
brown beard about four or five inches below
his chin (motioning with her hand.) ‘* Dok-
took” was a short man with a big stomach
and rcd bead, avout the same length as
“* Aoloocar’s.” Atl three wore spectacles,
not snow goggles, but as the interpri ters
said, all the same seko (ice).

DEAD BOLIES IN A TENT,

The fullowing spring when there was little
snow on tle ground, she saw a tent star. ding
on the shove at the head of Terror Bay.
There were dead bobies in the tent and out-
side were some covered over with sand.
There was no tlesi on them—nothing but
the bones and clothes, ‘There was a great
many; she had forgotten how many. In-
deed, Inuits have little idea of numbers be-
yond ‘‘ten,” She saw nothing to indicate
any of the party she met before. ‘The bones
had the cords or sinews still attached to

them. One of the bodies had the flesh on,
but this one’s stomach was gone, There was
one or two graves outside. They did not
open the graves at this time; saw a great
many things lying around, They were
knives, forks, spoons, Watches, many books,
clothing, blankets, and such things, The
books were not taken notice of. This was
the same party of E-quimaux who had met
the white men the year before, and they
were the first who saw the tent and graves,
They had been in King William Land ever
since they saw the white men until they
found the tent place,

rr

Drinks in Every Style.

An English physician, Dr. Shorthouse,
has been making an interesting series of ob-
servations on the manner in which various
drinks act on different pirts of the cerebro-
spinal system which preside over locomo-
tion. He says. according to The British
Medical Journal, that ‘‘if a man partake of
too large a quantity of good sound wine or
malt liquor he usually staggers about from
side to side, his gait is ve.y unsteady, and
if he come to grief and to mother earth he
generally falls on one side or the other, If
he take too much whisky, especially that
abomination which goes by the name of Irish
whisky, he is almost certain to be seized
with an irresistible impulse to fall forward
on his face, If he get drunk on cider or
perry, the latter more especially, he is cer-
tain to fall down suddenly en his back, and
apparently without any previcus warning.
He once saw a number of men, who bad
made too merry ata harvest feast, all fall
down upon their backs, get up again, and
fall down again in the same manner. He
had never witnessed anytLiag of the kind
before, aud was not a little amazed as well
as amused. ‘The farmer, who was a ve
shrewd Herefordshire man, told bim that
that was the effect invariably produced by
perry, of which his men had that day par-
taken liberally. He has since that tame
seen several iso'a‘ed cases which have cor-
roLoratel the farmer’s version of the action
of an overdose of perry or cider.” Dv,
Shorthouse’s researches, unhappily, have not
been conducted with suflicient precision,
nor have they extended over a sufficiently
wide field. American investigators could
have informed h'm that not only do differ-
ent drinks affect men in various ways, but
the effects differ according to the quantity of
beverage imbibed. Thus, while four fiugers
of the wh'sky peculiar to cheap saloons will
cause the subject violently to invert other
people, a dose of fourteen fingers will lead
him peacefully to invert himself, The gin
of similar resorts, which is not distinguish-
able from the ordinary turpentine of com-
merce, produces pedal entanglements and
precipitation upon the bridge of the nose, a
fact observed by the psalmist, who made
allusion to the relations of the feet to the
gin, The rum of these places invariably
induces pedestrian exercise upon the ear,
the white Medford variety leading the sub-
ject iuvariably to walk off upen his left ear,
while old Jamaica as invariably inspires his
right ear with locomotive powers. ‘The
hrendy of these resorts is as instantaneous
and overwhe!ming in its effects as a thunder-
bolt, and the victim who partakes of it at
once sinks Gown on every portion of himself
simultaneously. As fur the wines, thcir
ac ion is quite d ff-rent, Instead of flooring
the subj ct, they impel him to wander over
the face cf the earth and never sit or fall
down, though his path be strewn with ban-
ana-peels and lie along string-pieces of
docks, Altogether, Dr. Shorthouse can find
afar more fertile field for investigation in
these United States than is open to him in
England, even without making i1.qu ry into
the more abstruse and complicated beverages
of tle great west, hke the fur-famed shep-
herd’s delight of Nevada, one drink of which
fascinatiug fluid mover the assimilator to
steal his own sheep and hide them in the
remote sage-brush from his own pursuit.

—______+« oe

As the acecunts from the te:rible wreck
of the steamer City of Vera Craz come in
more fully, they become highly exciting and
interesting. A seaman, named Ibbot, who
swam ashore on the Florida coast, aftr hav-
ing been seven hcurs in the water, has giv.n
a brief but very graphic account of his ex-
perieuces, which recalls the most horrible
passages of marine novels. No such wreck
has occurred on the American coast since
the loss of the Evening Star in 1866.

Mr. ArcurpaLD Forbes can claim the
new South African medal and clasp. as he
conveyed the news of the victory at Ulundi
to Sir Garnet Wolseley and Sir Bartle Frere.

DOMESTIC RECIPES.

To Ciean Zexc,—Put on the zine a little
sulphuric acid and rub over with a cloth so
that every part is wet. Afterward wash off
with clear watcr, and then the zine will be
bright and clear.

Sucar Cooxizs.—One cup of butter,
three eggs, one cup of sugar, one teas -
ful of baking powder sifted into flour;
enough flour to roll out thin. Flavour with
lemon, vanilla, or nutmeg,

GINGER Snaps.—One cup of molasses, one
cup of shortening, one cup of brown sugar,
one tablespoonful of soda, one-half cup of
boiling water, two tablespoonfuls of ginger.
Mix stiff and bake in a quick oven.

Crove CakE.—One cup of sugar, one of
molasses, one of milk, one of lard, one of
raisins, one teaspoonful of cloves, one of
cinnamon, two ot baking powder, two eggs ;
flour to th'cken about as ginger-bread,

Mountatn Cake.—One pound of flour,
one of sugar, one-half of butter, one cup of
sweet milk, six eggs; beat whites separate-
ly, two teaspoonfuls of baking powder.
— as jelly cake, with icing instead of
jJerly.

Catt Savuce,—Oue dozea ta'r-sized
onions, twenty-four ripe tomatoes, four tea-
spoonfuls of salt, eight of sugar, three of
ground cloves, four of cinnamon, two of
ginger, one of ground black pepper, two of
mustard, two and one-half cups of vinegar.
Chop tomatoes and onions fine, add spices ;
boil two and a half hours. Add vinegar,
hot, after the ingreJients have boiled one
hour,

PickLeD Pracnes.—Take fine free-stone
peaches, rub with a woollen cloth to remove
the down, and put into a brine made of one-
half cup of ealt to a gallon of water—it
should be cold—and let stand nine days.
Then wipe them dry, pick in a jar, and
cover with cold vinegar (spiced if you
choose), When wanted for table halve
them, removing the stone, and sprinkle with
sugar. I think them very nice.

Tomato Carsup.—Scald and ran through
a sieve ha'fa bu hel of tomatoes. Add three
tablespoonfuls of salt, one tablespoonfal of
red pepper and one of black pepper, three
tablespoonfuls of mus'ard, two Pig Bo one
of allspice, one pint of vinegar, two green
peppers and two cnions > Ws fine, Pat
cloves, al!spice, peppers and onions in a
muslin lag; put allin a kettle and simmer
four hours, or until as thick as desired.

CrpER JELLY FOR THE StcK.—One pint of
clear sweet cider, one package of Cox's gela-
tine, two pounds of white sugar, one pint of
cold water, one quart of boiling water, juice
of two lemons and the grated rind of one.
The gelatine must be soaked in the cold
water one hour. To this add the sugar,
pour over it the boiling water, stir until dis-
solved, pour in the cider, strain through a
flannel bag, wet your glasses or molds in
cold water, pour in the jelly, and set away
to cool ; make several hours before wanted
for use. This also makes a very nice dis-
sert for Lersons in health.

Canning Tomators.—Fifteen years’ ¢x-
perience in canning tomatoes has taught me
a few things which, perhaps, the ladies of
the Rural would like to know. First, —the
tomatces shou'd not be over-ripe; they
should be firm enough to pare with a sharp
knife, and should not remain off the vines
over-night before being uscd. Do not scald
then to get the paring c ff, as that alone will
help to start fermentation. I always select
for canning those that are yet grecn near
stem. B.il until heated thoroughly through ;
turn into any good self sealing glass (I prefer
the little Mason) ; screw down the ra as
tightly as you possibly can immediately,
and if, when cold, you can tighten it more,
do so. Set in your cellar and keep from the
light, and your tomatecs will come out as
fresh in January as when pat in.

To Cotour Burrer.—The bought colour-
ing matter that I have used for several win-
ters, I have always mixed in with the cream
just before churning. The past spring when
complain*‘ng toa fricnd that while we
beautiful golden butter, our buttermilk was
so yellow that we did not care to drink it or
use it for cooking purposes, she asked why
we mixed it with the cream at all? Wh
not colour the salt? J must confess I
never thought of this before, bat sine: I
have tried it, I see no reason for returning
to my old methcd, The deepness of colour
of the salt must depend upon the lack of
colour in the butter. Thoroughly incorpor-
ate it with the butter—it does not show the
colour at once—let stand over night and, in_
the morning, just work it through before
packing or making into prints,

Bee Notes for October.

ad From the American Agriculturist.

Tue Honey Cror.—The yield of
honey from Basswood and other sources,
in this section, has not equalled ovr ex-
pectations. During the last days of
June the supply of honey, from bass-
wood, promised to be abundant, but it
was very suddenly and unexpectedly
cut short. Reports from all parts of
the United States indicate a small crop.
We judge it to be less than one-half
of the usual average; many report an
entire failure. In our own apiaries we
secure over 15,000 pounds from 176
colonies. Thus far we have taken from
three selected swarms as follows: July
10th, No. 1, 77} lbs., No. 2, 663 lbs.,
No. 3, 833 lbs.; July 13th, No. 1, 41
Ibs., No. 2, 41 lbs., No. 3, 55 lbs.; July
19th, No. 1, 12 lbs., No. 2, 18 lks., No.
3,18 lbs. After the last date given
we removed the swarms, with others,
to where Buckwheat, Golden Rod. and
Eupatorium are found in greater abund-
ance than around the summer stands
nearer home.

Fatt Pasturace.—The subject of
fall pasturage is of considerable impor-
tance, as, with a fair yield of honey at
this season, breeding will be continued,
and thus one of the essentials for suc-
cessful wintering is secured. It will
therefore be found profitable to study
the sources from which a yield may be
expected. In many sections buckwheat
is the chief dependence for late honey.
In other localities, like our own in the
Mohawk Valley, Melilot or Sweet Clo-
ver, is of great importance. But more
generally, we think that the supply
will be gathered chiefly from Golden
Rod and Eupatorium. These wild
plants can be found upon rough, waste
land, in nearly all parts of the country.

Fatt ManacGement. — If surplus
boxes have not been moved as directed
last month, it should be attended to at
once. If swarms have been supplied
with extra combs for extracting, they
should be removed and packed safely
away for use another season. The
value of these combs, as well as those
taken from piece boxes, cannot be over-
estimated, consequently great care
should be taken to perserve them.
Mice and rats should be carefully ex-
cluded. Ifdisturbed by the destructive
moth, the removed combs should be
smoked with brimstone.

QUEsTIonS AND ANSWERs.

HANGING AnD StanpiINcG FRaMES.—
“Do you not crush more bees, and
are you not more liable to kill the queen
with the Quinby standing frame, than
with the hanging frame ?’—We con-
sider the standing frame quite as de-
sirable, yet we, as well as others, in
answering such questions, should not
lose sight of the fact, that every bee-
keeper becomes more familiar with
whatever style of hive he adopts, and,
naturally, can handle it better than
any other, until he acquires a large ex-
perience.

Orenine Iives. — “How often
should a beginner open his hives ?’—
Just as often as practical operations re-
quires him to do so,

Bers 1x A Garret. —A correspond-
ent in N. J. comes with the old ques-
tion of the desirability of keeping bees
in a garret. This story of arranging

bees in 4 room in a garret where they
will not swarm, and where the owner
can go and cut out cards of honey for
family use, at any time, isa very old
one,

the immense swarm of bees

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

somewhere in the rocks, where bees
pour forth in masses, and honey may
be found by the ton, As regards keep-
ing bees in an attic or upper room, or
even upon a root they may be so kept,
if some practical hive is properly ar-
ranged in such a location, There are
even some advantages derived, where
but few hives are kept, But all things
taken into consideration, it is preferable
to have the bees placed somewhere near

the ground.
eS ee

Cradles.

The following wise suggestion is from the
Herald of Health,

Forturately for children, cradJes are seen
more and more rarely in all funilies, and we
are decidedly of the opinion that these
soothing machines, once so popular, will soon
have only a historic interest, like the spin-
ning wheel. Still there are here and there
mothers who advocate the cradle, and for
such we have a word of advice. In the first
place the rocking motion to which the child
ig subjected causes an unnatural circulation
uf the blood in the brain, which tends in the
end to produce a s‘ate of unnatural excit-
ability. Now if this takes place several
times a day, and these motions of the cradle
are carried to excess wich restless and wake-
ful children, it is clear to our mind that the
effects can only be irjurious, espee ally when
we remember the fact that children once ac-
customed to it are often treated with it fur
years. Cases are not rare of serious injury
to the circulation of the brain, from vivient
rocking given to the infants when iatrusted
to nurses or ignorant children, It is not
difficult with a little patience to treat an
infant so that as soon as the time for slcep-
ing appioavhes, he will go to sleep in his
little bed without any artificial aid. If the
beginning has becn mace, and if the mother
has not been softened by the disagreeable
crying of the child to rock it to sleep in the
crad'e or in her arms, it will be found after
a few days, how quickly the child likes to go
to sleep alone without the afflicton of
popular remedies of mothers. Many mothers
will not believe this true until they have
tried it aud learned from experience. Al-
though the child may cry at first, it soon
learns to go to sleep quietly, and the mother
has the additioual advantage of gaining valu-
able time for rest from her domestic duties.
Why does a healthy baby need rccking,
more than a bird a colt, or a calf?

et St

Ta!k Cver What You Read.

Nearly forty years’ experience as a teacher
has shown how little I know of a subj: ct
until I begin to explain it or teach it. Let
any young person try the experiment of
giving in convcrsaticn, briefly aud connect-
edly and jn the simp’est langu we, the chief
points of any bcok or article he has read,
and he will at «nce see what I mean. The
gaps that are likely to appear in the know-
ledge that he felt was his own will no doubt
be very surprising. I know of no training
superior to this in utilizing one’s reading, iu

strengthening the memory and in forming |

habits of clear, connected statement. It
will doubt ess teach other things than thcse
I have mentioned, which the persous who
honestly make the «xperimeut will find out
for themse.vis. Children who read can be
encourage to give, in a familiar way. the
interesting parts of the books they have
read with great advantage to all concerned.
More than one youth I know has laid the
foundation of intellectual tastes in a New
England family, where hearty encourage-
ment was given to chi'dren and adults in
their attcmp's to sketch the lectures they
had heard the eveniny previous. The s.me
thing was done with b‘oks,
———_— Oe ee

A MAN aslcep at the top of a telegraph
po ewasarccent spectacle in Boston. He
was a dinnken reptirer, who had grown
drowsy at his wo:k. A great crowd gather-
ed, but nothing was done to arouse Lim, and
he finally awuke in safety.

Dr. De Vry, of the Hague, has been made
Companion cf tle Order of the Indizn E:n-
pire by the Queen for his se. vices in the
imtroduction of the cinchono-tree into India,
ani in the manufacture of quinine there ;
and Dr. James Prescott Youle has received
the Albert Medal from the Society of Arts
for establishing, after ‘‘ most Jaborious re-
search, the true 1elation between heat, elec-
tricity, and mechanical work, thus affording
the engineer a sure guide in the application
to science and industrial pursuits.”

a

Telegraph Blunders.

A gentleman who had gone to the courtry
to find a summer location for his family
telegraphed to his wife, ‘‘ Home to-night.”
The wires rendered this into ‘*Come to-
night,” and so the wife posted into the coun-
try at once, while her husband was making
his way 1n a contrary direction,

Not long since a message came to the
principal of a business house in the city from
his travelling agent, who had reached Phila
delphia—‘‘ Am at Continentil Honse. Send
some hash by mail.” ‘The agent did not in-
tend to reflect on the food at the hctel, but
wantcd ‘‘ cash” sent by mail.

An affectionate uncle was informed by
teleyraph: ‘‘Mary is to be buried on Wed-
nesday. Come sure.” Mary, who lived in
Chicago, wa3 his favourite niece, and,
as he had not heard of her illness, the sad
intelligence gave him a severe shock, He
dressed himself in deep mourning, and made
a hurried journey to the West to find a
jovial party at Mary’s weddiny. The wires
had arranged for her to be ‘‘ buried ” instead
of ‘‘ married.”

Probably the worst blunder ever made
was one that occurred in the case of a St.
Louis merchant, who, while in New York,
received a telegram informing him that his
wie was ill. He sent a message to his
family dootor, asking the nature of the sick-
ness and if there was any danger, 2nd re-
ceived promptly the answer: ‘* No danger.
Your wife bas had a child. If we can keep
her from having another to-night she wil do
well.” The mystificaticn of the agitatcd
husband was not removed until a second
inquiry revealed tle fact that this ind‘sp os-
el lady had had a ‘‘ chill.”

ore >

A Terrible Punishment.

Pontre Moti, Italy, can boist« fa lady Ab-
be-s and 1everend coadjutors whose Spartan
discipline goes even beyond that of Can-
NING’S renownel Mcther Browarigg, ‘‘ who
whipped two female ’prentices to dcath and
hid them ia a coal-hole,” A lay servant
having been detected in stealing some bread,
my Lady Abbe-s and two senior nuns held
an impromptu tribunal and condemned Ler
“to undergo the torments of purgatory.”
Most of us probab'y have entertained but
vague notions as the nature of those tor-
ments, aud will therefore learn with the
more interest what are an Abbess’s ideas on
the point. The reverend Mother and Sisters
having conveyed the delinquent to a cell
where there was a s‘ove, tied ler hands se-
curely, and then held her face to the
hot metal until her eyes had lost their sight
and her face was one huge blister. Some of
the nuns, however, thought this discipline
somewhat too stringent, and, possibly on the
principle that ‘‘a fellow feclng makes us
wondrous kind,” and with the reflection that
there was no saying but that the Lady Ab-
bess might ‘‘ go for” them next, communi-
cated with the authorities, who have placed
these severe disciplinarians in juil pending a
trial.

A Grand Trade.

An old Glasgow bookseller used to give a
humorous account of what was in his days
an almost daily occurrence :-—‘‘ Indeed,” he
would say, ‘‘it’s but a poor trade the sell-
ing of stationery, A muckle stupit simph
comes into the shop, and says, ‘G.e’sa biw-
bee’s worth o’ paper.’ ‘Is 1s post ye want?’
‘Oh, yes.’ ‘Bless me, man, dae ye want
short or lang!’ ‘Ah, no; Ill tak this ane,
for it’s biggest.’ Well, ye wad think ane
was done wi’ the fallow after a’ that fash, and
mair nor five cr ten minutes lost : but no—
he’s at ye yet. ‘Mend that pen,’ he says,
handing out an auld stump to ye that nae-
body almost coula men’; and when ye hae
dvn that, he follows it wi’ ‘Pit a wee drap
ink in that bottle. Ye pit some in in his
bettle a’ for raething, aud syne he shoves
out his great horny hand, an says, ‘Il
thank ye fur a wafer.’ Now only think o’
the fasheeerie, sic 1 loss 0’ time, torbye the
ink and the wafer for naething! Ye'll see
that the stationery trade’s a grand trade.”

ae. ee

Tue natives «f theO:kney I-lands are
said to enjoy gocd health and to live long.
For these blessings they are indebted en-
tirely to the bracing climate and to their
own healthy outdoor occupations, A young
woman from cne of these islands was asked
lately whether her people were generally
long livers. | With unconscious naivete she
replied, ‘‘ Yes, they live to a great age ;
there's no doctor on the island,”

GENERAL.

Puysic.—A witly old physician being
asled by a beantiful girl what good all his
doctor stuff did people, answered: ‘“‘ Why
you see, my dear, by my pills, and powders,
and blisters I distract the patient's atten-
tion, while nature cuts in and curce the dis-
ease before he knows it,’

Iv haz been estimated that of the horses
in the world Austria has 1,367,000; Hun-
gary, 2,179,000; France, about 3,000,000;

tustia, 21,470,000; Germany, 3,352,000;
Great Britain and Ireland, 2,255,000; Tur-
kev, ebout 1,000,000; the United States,
9,504,000 ; the Argentine Republic, 4,000,-
000 ; Carada, 2,634,000; Uruguay, 1,600,-

O00.

The Fiji Islanders who,up to six year ago,
when England adopted them were cannibals,
and indulged in fricassed traders, with cold
missionary on the sideboard, have become so
civ:liz.d that they wear clean shirts on Sun-
day, sing hymns, eat yams and beefsteak
like any orthodox Christian. What with
cocoarut, cocoanut fibre, cotton, sugar and
coffze to export, and a luxuriant soil to grow
all theze products ia, the colony ought to
have a grand future.

Tue oldest infantry regiment in the Aus-
trian army celebrated, on the 2lst of last
month, the 250th anniversary of ite enroll-
ment. It bears the name of ‘ Prince
George of Saxony, No. 11,” end was raised
in Bohemia iu 1630, during the ‘ Thirty
Years’ War.” The regiment is at present
quartered in Herzegovina. The day was
celebrated by a grand banquet given by the
officers, while the soldiers had a sort of his-
torical ma-querade, illustrating the career of
the reg ment.

Ono Saturday night Carter, the negro min-
strel, who was performing in one of the big
Bowcry variety theatres, provoked long and
loud applause with his newest story. “I
was in Washington the other day,” said he,
‘and I met an old politician there who ask-
ed me how things were in New York, I
told him that a Pennsylvania man is in a
peculiar fix there. He asked how that was,
and I said that the man I referred to is on
the Island, and is going to be sent up for
four years in November,”

AFTER the execution of Menesclou in
Paris the other day for the murder of the
little girl, Lusie Deu, his remains were con-
veyed to the anatomical theatre, and sub-
jected to a singular experiment. Dr. Sap-
dey injected under the cutaneous tissue of
the head some fresh-drawn llood from the
carotid of a living dog. The result was
startling, for the colour returned to the
cheeks, there was a perceptible nervons tre-
mour, while the lips slightly moved. Tke
same treatment applied to the body produced
no effect.

THE champion jack-of-all-trades belongs
to England, and lives near Chichester. He
has served as seaman in the four quarters of
the glube, and acted as steward, sailmaker,
cook, mate, and navigator. He now hangs
out his sign as ‘‘ Prof. Pullinger, ccntractor,
inventor, fisherman, builder, carpenter,
joiner, sawyer, undertaker, turner, cooper,
painter, glazier, sign painter, wooden pump-
maker, paper hanger, bell hanger, beat
builder, clock c!eaner, Jocksmith, umbrella
repairer, china and glass mender, netknitter,
wireworker, groccr, baker, farmer, taxider-
mist, copying clerk, letter writer, account-
ant, surveyor, engmeer, land measurer,
house agent, vestry clerk, assistant over-
seer, clerk to the Selsay Sparrow Club,
clerk to the Selsay police, assessor and col-
lector of land tax and property and income
tax, and coll ctor of church and highway
rates.”

A STRIKING acoustic cffect has been pro-
duced at the Covent Garden Theatre con-
certs, London, by locating one of the bands
in the front seats of the top gallery, while
the other two perform on the temporary or-
chestral stand erected for *he promenade
concerts, The instruments during the reali-
zition of this novel idea were drums and
bugles to the extent of over a hundied per-
formers, and the players, under the direction
cf a inventive Fr.nchman replied to each
other from flor and gallery in a kind of an-
cient antiphonal call ard recall, with all the
vehemence of military lungs and arms, go-
ing it hard at brassand goatskin. The rap-
id and almost startling transitions from half
stillness to thunder were very strange, and
as the sourd rolled and reverbrated along
the roof, and up and down the ample build-
ing, such a clatter and uproar was produced
has been rarcly cqual'ed. ‘The effect was
remarkable, and the criics say the thing
was sublime,

ae

16 THE CANAD

A LUMBERMAN.

Net Assprs, JAN. 1, 1879

$23,761,342. LIFE INT’RST RECEIVED, 1879

$1,856,710.

ALE TNA

RATE PER CENT., 7.82

That the above isa most satisfactory and profitable rate of interest will
be conceded by all. But the careful attention aoe to this, a8 to every other
department, by the Directors of the TNA LIFE INSURANCE COM-
PANY, will be more apparent when viewed in the light of the following
figures, found in tie latest published reports of 3 Americaa, 8 British, and3
Canadian Life Insurance Companies :—

NAME. ASSETS, INTHREST. BATH,

Hquitable, New ROKK ars mavenenveces $84,195,368 $1,950,680 65.70
Union Mutual .............. ren 6,874,240 344,591 6.01
New York Life ..s.ccceccssssse- v.. 88,630,557 921,887 6.67
London and Lancashire ............00 851,720 37,825 4.88
Reliance, of London ..............000006 2,379 410 100,720 461
Standard, of Hdinburgl..............+ 25,939,635 1,120,255 4.81
Ganada Tite id. dec ccttercveddeece 3,070,988 199,504 6.49
Sun Mutual, Montreal .... eae 819,178 21,774 6.82
Mutual, Hamilton ........cccssseeeeeees 88,068 5.26

Average $12,149,797 $644,436 6.85
TB TUNAS UNE ecteeasccvotassenecteass tse $23,761,342 $1,856,710 7.81

5 85 per cent. upon $23,761,342 18 ODLY..........:..seeeeeee $1,271,181

,

Upwards of $385,000 was therefore realized in 1879 by the ATNA’'S
management from its $23,761,342 over and above the average of the nine
Companies, This isa point of great importance to persons desiring to insure
their lives on the “WITH PROFITS” plan. i&>’All the profits in the
ZETNA’S Mutual Department belong to the Policyholders.

Receiving, a3 above shewn, a more profitable rate of interest on its funds,
and also transacting its large business at a great saving in general expenses,
compared with others, this Pompany is able to offer the public more favorable
rates, as may be seen from the following examples, © three endowment
columns show the premiums at 40 years of age:

Endowments, with Profits Death on
$1000. at Death, or the end of ' without Prhte.
NAMES OF COMPANIBS. -
10 y’Rs. 15 y’Rs, 20 ¥’RA. AGE 30. AGH 40, AGH 60

Canada Life............. Mecadersccs $110.40 $68.80 $50.30 $64.30
Citizens’, Montreal . 103.70 69.60 68.40 63.60
Confederation..... 104,66 68.70 50.05
Mutual, Hamilton 104.60 68.70 50.00
Sun, of Montreal... 106.90 6940 £61.70
Hqnitable of New York 106.90 69.49 61.78
Union Mutual........ 106.90 69.49 651.78
London & Lancai . 69.92 61.56
Btaryen..ccccesve 70,€4 52.60
Standard Seepecm OL OT.

Average Premium... 69.41 61.650
4ETNA LIFE... i 64.46 48.77 j
ANNUAL DIFFERE 8.92 4.96 2.73 2.31

Besides this important difference in the rates (which is of itself a large
dividend—“ a bird in the hand”) the AR TNA makes a liberal cash dividend
every year in reduction of the above profit rates, making in most cases a very
much larger differecce than here shewn. WM. H. ORR, Manager.

uly

Ml
PN
TITTY
rpiy READ STRRREA

i]

VA

y/

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietor,

4° Patronized by Royalty and the best families. Prices gradnated according to room

THE ECONOMIS™ | JOHN McCRECGOR & SONS,

Financial, Railway and Mining Journal.

BOSTON. PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORK.

$3.00 a Year, 10 Cents a Copy.

HE ECONOMIST IS DEVOTED

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF
STATIONARY,
MARINE, and
LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS,

Toronto, Canada.

MACHINERY OILS!

"lo Dealers and Consumers.

Equals Castor O11, and

STOCK OLEVIWNE,
Warranted not to Gum.
‘UN OF JOU peqJUBddBAA

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SNIAS10O WOOLS

It will give the subscriber much pleasure to forward, post free, to any address, on application, a
pamphlet, containing instructions and information that have been found of the greatest practical use to

ent kinds of oi's, their qualities and uses, thus enabling the consumer to make choice of the very oil

; He: to select the kinds most likely to be in
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“Extra” and “XX” oils I manufactured from 1870 to 1873. They are guaranteed not to thi i
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GEO. B. STOCK,

P. O. Box 1146, Toronto.

DOMINION BELT & HOSE GOMP’Y

JAMES D. McARTHOUR, - - - Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF

Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting !

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Stitched and Ribbed Belting Made to Order.
Doub’e always in Stock. - Send for S mples and Prices

73 COLBORNE ST., TORONTO.
Nothing Like It Yet Seen

Highest Awards at
TORONTO, 1860. lst Prize and Diploma.
HAMILTON, 1880, 7 *
LONDON,

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exclusively tothe Financial, Railway, and Minive
Jnteres's cf the United States. It is the representa-
tive journal of its class in New England, and has, by
its conservative and independent policy, established
a reputation and e’rculation which giye it a com-
manding influence in its section. It aims to advance
and protect the legitimate mining industry, and to
guard investors from imposition and consequer.t
losses.

Tu Economist presents sp¢ cial inducemeuts to a’-
vertisers through which§to reach the wealthy classcs
of New England. Its circulation among the Mining
States and Territories is large and rapidly increas-
ing.

Specimen copies free.

R. F. STRAINE, Busincss Manage,
31 Milk street, Boston.
New York Office : 115 Broadway.

FOR BARGAINS

Fine Watches and J ewellery,

——- CALL AT.

RYRIE’S, the Jeweller,

113 Yonge-st,, Toronto,

and SHEET IRON WORK

Portable Roilers for Threshing Machines, Shing!
Milis, e'c,, furnished on short notice. All Boile
tested by cold water pressure to 150 Ibs. to t’
square inch b fore leiving the shop.

SECOND-HAND MACHINERY

hought, sold, or taken in exchange for
new work,

REPAIRS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO
183 Atwater St., Detroit. Michigan
BRANCH SHOP—

Cor. Glengarry Ave. & Stuart st.,
WINDSOR, ONTARIO

OR SALE, AT A GREAT BAR-

gain, 320 acres of excellent farming land, heavily
timbered, and well watered by a branch of the Pigeon
River, in Cheboygan Co. Michigan, Apply to th
Editor of the CANADA LUMBERMAN, L-tf.

Box 1164, P. 0.

THE PEARL DRY HOP YEAST

Ready in a moment, and unaffected by time or weather.

a Ask your grocer for it or send direct to the factory.

PEARL YEAST CoO.
39 Front Street East, Toronto

VOL. IL—NO. 2.

PROSPECTUS.

The CanapA LUMBERMAN is now intro-
duced to its patrons, and so far has met
with a favourable reception.

Before its publication a large number of
lumber and timber merchants and mill
owners in the Provinces of Ontario, Quebec,
New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, and
manufacturers whose line is to supply ma-
chinery for mills, saws, axes. files, oil, belt-
ing, sleighs, &c., were consulted in refer-
ence to the advisability of publishing such a
journal.

Their opinion was that such a publication
could be made highly useful to parties en-
gaged in the various branches of trade above
alluded to, as well as to those more directly
interested in the mines and minerals of
Canada.

Acting on their suggestions, Tun CANADA
LuMBERMAN has entered on this extensive
and important field, with an adequate sense
of the responsibility of the undertaking ;
and whilst craving leniency until fairly
under way, we may repeat a portion of our
introductory, viz: nothing shall be wanting
on our part to make this journal a full and
‘ complete record of the lumber business, and
all that relates to the trade in Canada. To
this end the latest market reports, the con-
tributions of trustworthy correspondents,
trade circulars, etc., will be freely used, to
give our readers the best, the earliest, and
most reliable information that can be ascer-
tained, concerning the important branch of
business to which the journal will be especi-
ally devoted ; while the mining, the milling,
and the manufacturing interests will receive
attention proportionate to their great claims
on the public.

In short, it will be our endeavor to make
Tue Lumserman worthy of its title in every
respect ; and, while giving special attention
to the great staple industry to which it is
devoted, it will also furnish a carefully se-
lected amount of general reading that will
make it a welcome visitor in every family.

Advertisers, especially those dealing in
mill, mining, and lumberivg supplies and
machinery, will find Tuz LumMBeRMANa very
favourable medium of reaching their custora-
ere, a8 it will circulate among these classes,
and receive more attention from them than
they have the time or inclination to bestow
on & general newspaper.

The success of the LumeermaN must de-
pend on the support it will receive from the
classes above referred to; we trust, there-
fore, that they will overlook shortcomings at
the commencement, and accord to the enter-
prise their generous and hearty support,

ve
ati!

Til

TORONTO, ONT., OCTOBER 30, 1880.

NTS.

PRICE FIVE CE

PRESERVE THE FORESTS.

The following is so applicable to the
wooded portions of Canada that we consider
it worthy of reproduction :—

“A great deal of interest is being mani-
fested now-a-days in the preservation of the
great forests of timber with which this coun-
try is overrun. The over-production of

‘lumber each year is immense, and, if con-

—-- —_—_—_

tinued, will surely end in the disappearance
entire of our forests. The question of how
to prevent this misuse? is an important one
and is worthy of much consideration. We
certainly do not envy the position of the
English people, as regards lumber, and
before mill men and forest land owners leap
they should think. We should have some
proper safeguards for the preservation of
timber and the question should always be
considered, ‘‘How much lumber will be
needed to supply the market this year ?”

In some parts of the east there is no over-
production, and oftentimes the supply of
lumber is not large enough to meet the
demand. At such times lumber dealers
order many thousands of feet from the west,
for they are aware of the fact that western
mill-men do over-produce and are not so
chary with their timber lands as they ought
tobe. There is one very good reason for
this economy on the one side and wasteful-
ness on the other. In the east the lumber-
men have seen the forests of magnificent trees
disappear ; they have seen the mills shut
down; they have seen the workmen leave for
western parts, Hence it is that the second
growth is being cut very sparingly, and what
more is needed each year is sent from the
western part of the country.

You all know what stringent laws are en-
forced in England and other European coun-

tries, relative to the consumption of timber
lands and the felling of trecs. And in the
oriental countries many portions have become
uninhabitable because of the disappearance
of the forests, and are now given up to ruin
and desolation, The great bulk of lumber,
which goes into Europe, proceeds from North
America, Canada furnishes large quantities
to England and the English people much
prefer to buy their timber from abroad than
cut down the few remaining forest trees.
On ships, which carry large loads of deals
from this country to Liverpool, are all sorts
of pieces many of which would seem utterly
useless to the average Michigan mill owner,
but uses enough are found for them in a
country which can boast of no timber pro-
duction, and happy they are to get them.

At the twenty-ninth annual meeting of the
** American Association for the Advance-
ment of Science,” which was held in Boston,

several days, beginning Aug. 25th, there was

a striking and most excellent paper read on
the importance of taking requisite steps to
preserve and cultivate the woodlands of the
country. The paper, or report, was ac-
companied by a draft of a memorial which
invites the attention of state legislature to the
‘‘oreat and increasing importance of provid-
ing, by adequate legislation, for the protection
of the existing woodlands of the country ” |
against ‘‘ needless waste ” and for the “‘en- |
couragement of measures tending to a more |
economical use and proper maintenance of
our timber supply.” ‘The report was to the
effect that the forests of our country are
being used and wasted to a much greater
degree than their restoration by natural
growth.

The committee recommended a law to
protect trees planted along the highways,
and to encourage such plantings by deduc-
tions from highway taxes; also the passage
of a law which shall exempt from taxation
the increased value of land arising from the
planting of their trees where none were
previously growing, for sucha period as may
seem proper, or until something shall have
been realized from the plantation. This law
may be enforced they think, by ‘‘ appropri-
ations of money to agricultural and horti-
cultural societies, to be applied as premiuis
for their planting and for prizes for the best
essays and reports upon subjects of practical
forest culture ; by encouraging educational
institutions to introduce courses of instruc-
tion having reference to practical sylvicul-
ture; by laws tending to prevent forest
fires ; by imposing penalties against wilful
or careless lighting of such fires, and enlarg-
ing and defining the powers of local officers
in calling for assistance and in adopting
measures for suppressing them; by estab-
lishing under favourable circumstances
model plantations ; and by the appointment
of a commission of forestry under state au-
thority analogous to the commission of fish-
eries..’

The action of the association on this sub-
ject is timely and sensible and it is to be
hcped that the appeal will reach the eyes
and ears of the legislators in this country. If
there was a limit to the number of trees fell-
ed each year, there would be no over pro-
duction. As it is, a flooded market weakens |
prices and a light market strengthens them.
Look at the subject from every point of
view ; if this waste gces on the extinction of |
timber will not only be the outcome, but it |
may work the ruination of the town or city
in which you live. We hardly think that
this extinction will come so soon as anticip:
ated by many, but, at the same time, we
feel it to be the duty of every man, to do
whatever is in his power for the good of this
country. Let your aim be to produce justas
much as can be disposed of at a fair price
and there can then be no such thing as
fluctuation, and the end of the production
will be postponed indefinitely.

It is quite safe to predict that many years
will not elapse before the legislatures of the
several states will pass laws limiting the

otherwise. The newspapers are beginning
to look into the matter, the wisest men of
the country are beginning to investigate the
subject and soon the mill men will see the
folly of their ways. This is an age of pro-
gression.

SHADE TREES.

*

Our farmers make a great mistake when
they neglect to plant young trees along the
roads and their fences ; and when they in-
disciminately and ruthlessly cut down all
the trees onthe homestead. It is true that
in clearing land, it is sometimes difficult to
save any portion from the fire; yet groves
should be planted in corners of fields, and
fences, and roadsides should not be neglect-
ed. The Association of Agriculture and
Arts granted a gold medal, this year for the
best kept farm, to J. P. Carpenter of Town-
send, in the County of Norfolk. The
judges were so much pleased with the wood-
ed portion of the farm which had been pre-
served, that they noticed it specially in
their report as follows :

‘** Towards the back part it becomes un-
dulating and gradually rising, finishes up
with a magnificent piece of woods at the
farm. This wood of twenty acres is beauti-
fully kept and park-like, and forms a very
attractive feature, running alonga good part
of the back of the farm, where the land rises
to the highest point. It forms a baek-
ground and a finish to what no doubt is one
of the finest farms in Ontario. And fortu-
nate it is that this property did not fall into
the hands of some Vandal, who, by this
time, might have had this, as well as the
other two pieces of wood, which are equally
beautiful, converted into so many barrels of
potash, and thereby have destroyed what
would require the t of two or three gen-
erations to replace, ime

WHITBY.

Last Wednesday the schooners Bentley
with 500,000 feet, Adriadna with 150,000
feet, and Blakely, with 140,000 feet of lum-
ber on board, sailed from Whitby harbour,

for Oswego, making the largest shipment of
deals from that point, on any given day,
within the recollection of the oldest inhabit-
ant. The lumber belonged to Messrs. Bige-
low & Trounce, Port Perry.
Oo ee

A lumber drm of Carleton Place is said to
have paid $14,000 to the Canada Central
railway for freight on lumber during the past
four months.

Shipping at Montreal is going on with all
possible speed. Piles of lumber are rapidly
diminishing. It is expected that the present
stock of lumber will be all cleaned out with-

timber cut io a certain number of thousand
feet, by each mill, per year. It cannot be

in the next two weeks,

ee

bo

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

A REALLY GOOD CASE.

A LEGEND OF ST, MICHAEL'S HOSPITAL,

Every one knows that St. Michael’s, as we
shall take the liberty of calling it, is the
largest and most celebrated of tht London
hospitals. It is situated quite in the heart
of the city; and is about equidistant from
London Bridge, Westminister, Gower Street,
Smithfield, and Whitechapel. I was student
there, and there the happiest days of my life
were passed. And now to my story.

A large number of the students had gone
down for the short Christmas vacation, and
I should have gone also, but was just then
“‘ dresser” to Carver Smith, and could not
leave town; moreover, it was my week of
residence, I must beg you to remember,
what is perhaps but little understood by the
general public, that a large part of the watch-
ing and care, and a certain proportion also
of the treatment of hospital patients, devolve
upon assistants selected from the senior
students. Some of the less important ap-
pointments, such as the ‘‘ dresserships,” are
held by every student in turn ; but the more
responsible offices, some of which require
twelve months’ residence in the hospital, can
only be gained by a few men each year ; and
for these appointments, which are esteemed
positions of great trust and honour, and
which are exceedingly valuable as stepping-
stones to professional success, there is very
keen competition. On the surgical side of
the hospital, each of the four visiting sur-
geons had a resident house-surgeon ; and to
be Sir Carver Smith’s ‘‘H,S.” was one of
the highest ambitions cf a “‘St. Mike,” for
Sir Carver was at that time one of the
leading English surgeons.

A man named George Adams held the post
at this time ; and as he is the hero of my
story, so far as I have a hero, I will just say
a word about him. He was one of these men
that we occasionally meet with, who seem
to stand head and shoulders above their
fellows—very quiet and reserved, and when
he chose, quite inscrutable. No one knew
where he came from. But his very great
ability, his calmness in all emergencies—I
never saw him discomposed except once—
his mature judgment, and his great kind-
ness, won him the respect alike of the stu-
dents, the nursing staff, and the surgeons.
Under him were four dressers, junior men,
who assisted in the hospital under his direc-
tion.
of us in turn resided in the hospital; and as
I said, Christmas week fell to my turn, and
that is how I came to spend Christmas in
St. Michael’s. I ought to add that there
were four assistant-surgeons to the hospital;
but their care was over the out-patient de-
partment, and it was only in the absence of
the vsitiing surgeons that they had any duty
in the wards.

Well, it was Christmas night, and our
work for the day was done, except, some
late visits to the wards by-and-by ; and of
course any casualities that might turn up.
But Christmas day is usually slack in that
respect. It is medical rather than surgical
casualities that Christmas day produces,
We had got up in honour of the day a little
entertainment in an empty ward, for any of
the hospital inmates who cared to attend and
were able to do so.

We had a famous little programme. One
or two of our residents could play and sing
well; another had a curious facility in
whistling to the piano ; another was an am-
ateur ventriloquist and prestidigitateur; and
I fancy there were also some recitations and
tableaux to come off. Also, there was one
of the patients, an old sailor, who could
sing in a grand rich stenturian baritone and
bring down the house. Our chairman—
Adams, of course—had just begun, and was
delivering himself in a semi-serious way of
some very eloquent remarks, amidst great
apes nothing pleases the lower
classes better than a few oratorical flourishes
—when ‘‘tinkle, tinkle, tinkle, tinkle” went
a small high-pitched imperious bell. It was
t he accident-bell !

Oh, ye lay mortals, ye little know how
the social and domestic joys of a medical
man are at the mercy ofa bell! We invite
our friends to tea, we welcome them, and
anticipate a pleasant evening, and—there
goes the bell! We come home tired and
Yes change boots for slippers, and get com-

rtable by the fireside, and—there goes the
bell! We turn into bed on a cola night,
and just get warm and snug when—there
goes the bell! My bell-experience began
that night at St. Michael’s, and I shall not
soon forget it.

It was Slr Carver’s ‘‘ taking in week ;”
and his assistants had to attend to the acci-

&

I was one of them. Hach week, one |’

dents. Adams nodded to me; and off I
went to investigate, knowing it might be
anything from a cut finger to a railway
smash, I found ascene of considerable ex-
citement in the accident-room. ‘Two police-
men, aided by a crossing-sweeper and a cab-
man, had just brought ina patient, and some
other spectators had pushed their way in
out of curiosity.

“ Just happened outside, sir; knocked
down by arunaway cab, sir.”

“Lost a lot of blood; *fraid it’s a bad
case, sir.” Thus the policemen.

“Ask Mr, Adams to come down at once ;
clear the room,” I said.

It was a young fair-haired girl of eighteen
or nineteen, perfectly pale, unconscious, and
almost pulseless, A strange contrast to her
rough, swarthy, weather-beaten bearers, A
deep wound in the neck was bleeding pro-
fusely ; but on tearing open the dress, I
found I could stop the hemorrhage almost
entirely with my finger.

Adams was there immediately ; in a min-
ute he knew all about it, and had settled his
course of action. Quietly he said: ‘‘ Send
for Sir Carver. Take her to the operating-
room at once. Ask the other men to come.”
And then to me: ‘‘ Keep up steady pres-
sure, and don’t take your finger away for an
instant.”

Nothing could be found out concerning
her. Noone was with her when she was
struck down. She was very tastefully,
though not expensively dressed. Her fea-
tures were exceedingly regular and pretty,
and when the colour was in her face she
must have possessed a very considerable
share of good looks. Nothing but a purse
and a handkerchief were found in her poc-
ket. The former was well filled, and the
latter was marked ‘‘ K. Stead.” Adams said
at once that she was a lady.

I do not know whether it ever happened
before at St. Michael’s that on the occur-
rence of a sudden emergency, no one of the
surgical staff was at hand, Strange to say,
it happened so to-night. Sir Carver Smith
and three of the asssistant-surgeons lived
close to the hospital; but in five minutes the
messenger returned with the news that Sir
Carver had been called to some aristocratic
celebrity at the West End, who had met
with an accident, and had taken one of the
assistant-surgeons with him, The second
was out of town; and the third, who had
been left to act in emergencies, had been ta-
ken suddenly ill.

We had been discussing the case, and of-
fering advice upon it with all that calm as-
surance which characterizes embryo sur-
geons. But matters now became serious.
Half an hour would suffice to summon one of
the other surgeons; but it was plain that
something must be done at once. We all
looked at Adams, who had said very little
hitherto, but had gone on making everything
ready. He simply said: ‘‘ Begin to give
chloroform ; I am going to operate.”

“What are you going to do?” we asked.

He told us ; but I will not inflict any de-
tails upon my readers, but will simply say
that the sharp end of a broken shaft had
made a narrow deep gash in the root of the
neck, and had wounded a large artery. The
operation contemplated, afforded almost the
only chance of life; and to delay it any
longer would, Adams said, be throwing
that chance away. It was an operation of
the highest difficulty and danger under the
present condition of the parts; and could its
performance have been anticipated, the the-
atre would have been crowded with specta-
tors from all the hospitals in London, And
here was a young surgeon of twenty-five,
called on at a few minutes’ notice, to under-
take what many a long experienced surgeon
might hesitate to attempt; for it was im-
possible to perform it without much addi-
tional loss of blood ; and it was not at all
improbable that the patient might not sur-
vive the operation, to say nothing of after-
dangers.

Adams carefully explained to the other
house-surgeons what assistance they would
have to give him ; and when the patient was
ready, commenced at once. Perfect silence
reigned, broken only at intervals by a word
from the operator; but indeed he had little
need to speak, for we were well drilled at
St. Michael’s, and everything he needed was
put into his hand almost before he asked for
it, I think I can still see that quiet eager
group of young men under the brilliant gas-
light, standing around the pallid, slumber-
ing, unconscious girl; and in the centre the
young surgeon, cool, collected, with steady
hand, without hurry, without hesitation,
doing his work, I have witne:sed many of

the most brilliant operators in England, and
of course have seen Adams himself many
times in that operating-room in later years ;

but I think I never saw that night’s opera-
tion surpassed either by himself or by any
one else. A special demand sometimes calls
forth special powers, and acts almost like an
inspiration ; and go it seemed now.

In a short time it was done, and success-
fully done ; and the patient was carried away
to a quiet ward, where she was duly cared
for by the nurse in charge, Adams, and Sir
Carver Smith, who came later on. I think
Adams stayed up all night.

Our miscellaneous entertainment did not
come off; but we scarcely regretted the
change ot programme. In a place where
accidents are hourly, and operations daily
occurrences, one more or less seldom creates
much excitement ; and when I go on to say
that this case excited more interest among
residents and non-residents than almost any
other case I ever saw in the hospital, I wish
you clearly to understand that this fact was
due entirely to the extreme professional
interest of the case, and the great enthusi-
asm of St. Michael’s men for the study of
surgery. At the same time I may state,
although not particularly bearing on the
question, that the patient was an uncom-
monly pretty girl ; and day after day passed
by without any light being shed on the ques-
tion as to who she was and whence she came
—circumstances quite sufficient to excite in
a mind not preoccupied with such matters as
burden the intellect of the average medical
student, the liveliest interest and curiosity.

After the operavion, she was at first too
ill to be interrogated ; and when she got a
little better, she declined to give any infor-
mation ; at any rate none could be obtained
from her, Perhaps she was a little ‘‘ queer”
with feverish or hysterical excitement,

At the expiry of two days I went in to
help with the dressing. She was very grate-
ful for everything done for her, and bore her
pain very well. For a long time she was in
a very critical state. As the cuphonious
phrase of the young profession went, ‘‘ She
had a very close shave forit.” At the end
of three weeks however, she was in fairly
smooth-water ; and for the first time some of
the clinical class went in with Sir Carver to
see the case. He had hitherto said nothing
on the subject of the operation, He was a
man of few words ; but one word of praise or
blame from him was never forgotten by any
ofus. Turning to us from the patient, he
said ; ‘‘ This, gentlemen, is a case of so-and-
so;” and he briefly explained it. Then he
added: ‘* Nothing but the most exceptional
circumstances could justify a house-surgeon
in this hospital in undertaking an operation
of such importance, In this case, those
exceptionalcircumstanzes existed. The opera-
tion is one of great difficulty and rarity. I
have once, many years ago, performed it
myself, and the patient died. Had my
patient recovered, such a recovery would
then, I believe, have been without preced-
ent, But the gratification to myself of hay-
ing performed the first successful operation,
would not have been greater than is my
gratification now at having under my care a
case which will, I believe, recover, and
whose recovery will be due without doubt
to the prompt and skilful action of a St.
Michael’s student, my own house-surgeon,
Mr. Adams.”

‘** Strong for Carvy, and good for Adams,’
was the general comment, Adams pretended
to be writing notes ; but there was not one
of us who would not readily have suffered
‘* ploughing ” in our ‘‘ final college” to gain
such a word from Carver Smith.

Yes ; she recovered rapidly ; and prettier
and prettier she grew as she got better. She
talked very little, and said nothing at all to
help her identification. Inquiry was fruit-
less, even though the case got inte the news-
papers. The interest among the students
increased daily. It was reported that she
was an heiress who had quarrelled with her
guardian ; that Adams was madly in love
with her; that she was waiting for him to
propose, and then would marry off-hand ;
that Adams knew all about her, but kept it
snug. And the men got to chaffing him ina
mild sort of way, wanting to know the
‘state of the heart” and the chances of
‘union by first intention.” But Adams was
impenetrable. Personally, I am inclined to
think that whatever the condition of his
patient’s heart might be, Ae was a little
affected in that region She was evidently
very fond of him, and liked no one but
him to dress the wound. Still the mystery
increased.

At last one afternoon I was sitting in
Adam’s room in a leisure interval, when a
lady’s card was brought in. It had a deep
black border, and bore the inscription :
Mrs. Sreap, The Cedars. She wished to
see Mr. Adams, Immediately afterwards,
the lady was shewn in. Adams motioned

>

me to stay. She wasa fine, tall woman of
fifty, dressed in deep mourning, with hair

just turning gray. a firm mouth, soft keen

gray eyes, and a face combining intellect and
kindness. fe a ’

“Have I the pleasure of speaking to Mr,
Adams ?’”’ she hi

He bowed.

She then produced a paper which gave an
account of our famous case and of part
Adams had played in it.

‘‘May I inquire whether this patient is
still in the hospital? Can I see her ?”

‘Yes; certainly. Would the lady be able
to identify her? Would it not be better for
the patient to see the card first, to avoid
sudden excitement; that is, if t e lady’s
visit were likely to cause excitement ?”’

“« Perhaps it would be better to take up
the ca and say that Mrs. Stead desired to
see her,”

Wonderfully calm and self- the
lady seemed to us ; and yet could not
entirely suppress some signs of emotion or
excitement. She said that illness in her fa-
mily had prevented her from seeing the
pers for some time, or she would p: ly
have been here before.

I took the card up and shewed it to the
— She turned very pale, then buried

er face in her pillow and burst into tears.

~ Shall the lady come up ?” I said.

I thought she sobbed out ‘‘ Yes,”

The visitor came up. Slowly and calmly
she walked up the ward. The news had
somehow got about, and several of the men
found that they had business in that part of
the hospital just then. The lady stood by
the bed, and said softly :

‘« Elizabeth ?”

The girl looked up, and their eyes met.
One glance at the face was e h.

“Yes,” said the lady; “‘I can identify
her.”

“Tt is your daughter ?”’ asked Adams.

‘*Tt is my cook,” said the lady—*‘ Eliza-
beth Saunders.”

I think I said that I only once saw Adams
considerably discomposed, and that was on
the present occasion,

««J_J_thought her name was Stead,” he
said, and his eyes rested on a pocket-hand-
kerchief lying on the pillow. The lady’s
eyes followed his, and a slight smile played
on her features.

Yes; it was even so. The acute scientific
observer, the far-sighted young surgeon,
famed for his diagnostic acumen, had seen
through this case, but had not seen through
his patient. It turned out that the girl, be-
ing remarkably good-looking, and having ac-
quired, from a previous situation in a no
man’s family, a very correct way of speaking
and some very ladyish manners, and fre-
quenting places of public amusement, where
she usually attracted a deal of atten-
tion. Her mistress having been called awa
from home to nurse a sick relative, had al-
lowed her servant to go, as she thought, to
visit her parents in the country; but the
girl, having her wages in her pocket, had

referred to remain with an acquaintance in

nday, where she enjoyed her Christmas
holidays very much to her own satisfaction,
until her accident put a stop to her man-
ceuvres, or rather changed her field of action.
Finding, as she recovered, that she was be-
ing addressed as ‘‘ Miss Stead,” and that
she was the object of much interest and at-
tention, it seems to me—judging by what
experience of human nature on its female
side I have since acquired—not very remark-
able that she preferred to keep up the delu-
sion ; golden silence being her main line of
tactics, And, fair readers, do you think it
very contrary to your experience of human
nature on its male side, that an otherwise
exceedingly acute young man should be
the subject of a delusion of this particular
kind ?

Subsequently, you will
hear, she proved a very kind friend to him,
and her influence was of no small assistance
to him in his future professional advance-
ment. She became, in fact, quite a mother
to him, though not a mother-in-law.

I really do not know what befel the givl,
except that, at her own desire, the lady ob-
tained for her ‘‘a situation in the country,
out of the way of temptation ;” and that she
proved to be a faithful servant.

I am sorry to have to state that public
interest in this case at St. Michael’s some-
what rapidly declined after Mrs. Stead’s
visit ; perhaps because, as the Lancet said,
the interesting symptoms had all diss
ed. ButTI said then, say now, and always
will say, that it was, from all points of view,
«« A Really Good Case.”

ee

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

2
~

cee enn nEEESSE EEE

WOMAN GOSSIP.

A Bridal Greeting.

On thy bridal morning
Skies are blue and bright ;
With how sweet an aspect
Day has followed night !
O! thou gentle maiden,
With the amber hair,
Be thy future bright and pleasant
As this morn is fair.

Fashion Notes.

Burrons are more wildly extravagant
than ever.

BotH square and round trains are worn in
evening toilet.

Fancy feathers show the influence of the
craze for plaided effects,

Some very small bonnets appear among
late novelties in millinery.

Tue ‘‘ Abbe” is the new hat worn by la-
dies returned from abroad.

A TRIMMING much in vogue is black net
embroidered with jet beads.

Deer tucks on dresses are a recent revival
of a fashion of ye olden time.

FRENCH modistes add flowers as accesso-
ries to all but the simplest dresses. :

Pius roses form the favourite garnitures
of many lovely evening dresses.

Irish point and church lace form the
most fashionable mull neck scarfs.

Buacx dresses still hold their own and are
as elegant and fashionable as ever.

Arter the rage for big bonnets has sub-
sided, the medium sizes will probably be
most worn,

Bonnets, muffs and costumes match when
worn by the most fastidiously fashionable
women,

Jet or coloured crystal beads enrich all
the richest trimmings and embroideries on
dressy costumes,

Waits.
A coop soldieris an easy catch. He is al-
ways ready for an engagement. *

THE spots on the sun do not begin to cre-
ate the disturbance produced by the freckles
on the daughter.

WHEN a man and a woman are made one,
the question “‘ Which one % is a bothersome
one until it is settled, as it soon is,

A LADY assistant in a glove shop was al-
most mad when a fellow asked her if she
had any nice dark-coloured kids.

Wuen does a budding young damsel
burst into fruit 7—When she becomes the ap-
ple of somebody’s eye.

Some crusty, rusty, fusty, musty, dusty,

curmudgeon of a man gave the follow-
ing toast at a celebration :—‘‘ Our fire-en-
gines—may they be like our old maids ever
ready, but never wanted |”

“TJ can’t go to Europe,” a lady is report-
ed to have said; ‘‘I am reading forty-five
continued stories, and my limited means
would not let me pay the postage.”

WHen old Mrs, Pinaphor heard that a cer-
tain young lady had ‘‘ gone to Europe to
catch a husband,” she innocently observed :
‘* Why, is there no one in this country who
will have the girl ?”

Tue faculty of an Ohio female seminary
has issued orders that no pupil shall have
more than one male visitor per week. The
smart girls invite their young men to call on
Sunday, so that when their fathers come
on Monday the old men find themselves
barred out,

A youne man with an umbrella overtook
an unprotected lady acquaintance in a rain-
storm, and, extending his umbrella over her,
requested the pleasure of acting as her rain-
bow. “Oh!” exclaimed the young lady,

ing his arm, “‘ you wish me to be your
rain-dear.” Two souls with but a single
umbrella, two forms that stepped as one.

Poetry ot the Table.

More appetizing than all patent tonics is
a perfectly arranged table, sparkling with
cleanliness. So let us bea little extravagant
in our fresh tablecloths, when soap, water,
and a little Jabour are all we have had to

y- And now we must decide, shall we

we the best china and do with some stone-
ware for every day? Or shall we pay our-
selves the respect usually reserved for com-
pany ? Clearly, we are the persons to whom
it is of the most importance. Shall we sit
down to odd plates and cracked saucers six

-| herself,

days, that we may enjoy gilded china on the
seventh? By no means, We will have
omg white French china, which can always

e matched when broken, and we will sit
down to it every day. In the same way we
will bring out the plated knives and silver
forks, and partake of our food with a sense
of our own deserts. We shall feel increased
respect for ourselves, also, with napkins and
butter plates ; so those we will kave.

A Girl Monk.

Matrena Ivanovna, a Russian peasant
girl,of two-and-twenty, has recently acquired
considerable notoriety in her native land,
says The London Telegraph, through the fact
that, under the monastic designation of
“‘ Father Michael,” she succeeded in passing
several months in the cloister of Staraja La-
doga, without incurring the least suspicion
on the part of her fellow-monks that she was
other than she seemed to be, Forced by her
father to marry a person whom she detested,
she disappeared [from her home on the day
succeeding her wedding, and, upon search
being made, her clothes and two long plaits
of her ‘‘ back hair” were found near the
Wolchoff river, as well as a letter in her
handwriting, stating that, rather than live
with her husband, she had resolved to drown
Her relatives, believing that she
had really committed suicide, forbore any
further inquiry, and mourned for her as one
dead. She, however, dressed in man’s
clothing, applied last March for admission
to the above-named monastery, and was du-
ly received into the confraternity on proba-
tion, taking the minor vows, and officiating
as coachman to the prior. There is no
knowing to what ecclesiastical dignities she
might not in time have risen, had not un-
kind fortune decreed that a native of her
own village should have been sent to Straja
Ladoja by his master for correction at the
hands of the brethren, his offense being in-
veterate drunkenness. Promptly recognized
and denounced by this indiscreet toper as
Matrena Ivanovna, a friend of his youth,
‘¢ Father Michael” was handed over to the
police authorities by the indignant monks,
and is now awaiting trial for imposture upon
a religious community—a crime likely to be
visited with severe punishment in so priest-
ridden a country as Russia,

Small Feet.

An American missionary, Miss Norwood,
of Swatow, has lately described how the size
of the foot is reduced in Chinese women.
The binding of the feet is not begun till the
child has learned to walk and do various
things, The bandages are specially manu-
tactured, and are about two inches wide and
two yards long for the first year, and five
yards long for subsequent years. The end
of the strip is laid on the inside of the foot
at the instep, then carried over the toes, un-
der the foot, and round the heel, the toes
being thus drawn toward and over the sole,
while a bulge is produced on the instep, and
a deep indentation in the sole. The inden-
tation, it is considered, should measure
about an inch and a half from the part of the
foot that rests on the ground up to the in-
step. Successive layers of bandages are
put on till the strip is all used, and the end is
then sewn tightly to the ground. Large
quantities of powdered alum are used to
prevent ulceration, and lessen the offensive
odour, After a month the foot is put in hot
water to soak some time ; then the bandage
is carefully unwound, much dead cuticle
coming off with it. Ulcers and other sores
are often found on the foot. Frequently,
too, a large piece of flesh sloughs off the
soles, and one or two toes may even drop
off, in which case the woman feels afterward
repaid by having smaller and more delicate
feet. Hach time the bandage is taken off the
feet are kneaded, to make the joints more
flexible, and arethen bound up again as
quickly as possible with a fresh bandage,
which is drawn up more tightly. During the
first year the pain is so intense that the vic-
tim can do nothing, and for about two years
the foot aches continually, and is the seat of
a pain which is like the pricking of sharp
needles, With continued rigorous binding,
the foot in two years becomes dead, and
ceases to ache, and the whole leg, from the
knee downward, becomes shrunk, so as to be
little more than skin and bone. When once
formed, the ‘‘ golden lily,” as the Chinese
lady calls her delicate little foot, can never
recover its original shape.

How a Married Woman Goes to Sleep.

Ther is an article going the rounds enti-
tled ‘‘ ow Girls Go to Sleep.” The man-
ner in which they go tosleep, according to

the article, can’t hold a candle to the way a
married woman goes to sleep. Instead of
thinkipg what she would have attended to
before going to bed, she thinks of it after-
ward, While she is revolving these mat-
ters in her mind, and while snugly tucked
up in bed, the old man is scratching his legs
in front of the fire, and wondering how he
will pay the next month’s rent, Suddenly
she says :

‘‘ James, did you lock the door?”

‘Which door ?” says Jim.

‘The cellar door,” she says.

‘*No,” says James.

‘Well, you had better go down and lock
it, for I heard some person in the back-yard
last night.”

Accordingly Jim paddles down stairs and
locks the door. About the time James re-
turns and is going to get into bed, she re-
marks :

‘¢ Did you shut the stair door?”

“No,” said James.

‘Well, if it isn’t shut the cat will get up
into the bedroom.”

‘* Let her come up, then,” says James, ill-
naturedly,

‘My goodness, no,” returned the wife.
‘€ She’d suck the baby’s breath.”

Then James paddles down stairs again,
and steps on a tack and closes the stair
door, and curses the cat and returns to the
bedroom, Just as he begins to climb into his
couch his wife observes :

‘“T forgot to bring up some water.
pose you bring up some in the big tin.”

And so James with amuttered curse goes
down into the dark kitchen and falls over a
chair, and rakes all the tinware off the wall
in search of the ‘‘big” tin, and then jerks
the stair door open and howls :

«© Where the deuce are the matches?”

She gives him minute instructions where
to find the matches, and adds that she
would rather go and get the water herseli
than have the neighbourhood raised about it.
After which James finds the matches, pro-
cures the water, comes up stairs, and pre-
pares himself to retire. Before accomplish-
ing this feat the wife suddenly remembers
that she forgot to chain the dog. A trip to
the kennel follows, and he once more jumps
into bed.

Presently his wife says :

“James, let’s have an understanding
about money matters. Now next week, I’ve
got to pay—”

“‘T don’t know what you'll have to pay,
and I don’t care,” shouts James, as he
lurches around and jams his face against the
wall ; ‘all I want now is sleep.”

“ That’s all very well for you,” snaps his
wife, as ske pulls the covers viciously; ‘‘you
never think of the worry and trouble I
have,”

Sup-

?

A Mixed Telephone.

The telephone, the wonderful offspring of
Edison’s great mind, is an instrument which
is now looked upon as indispensable to the
world’s good, but it, like a great many other
things, will sometimes get out of humor and
act in a very crooked manner.

Mr. Charles Augustus Fitzmont is an en-
terprising but bashful young clerk, whose
place of business is on King street, and he is
most warmly attached to a fair maiden who
lives in an up-town residence with a tele-
phone in it. Oft the telephone has been
used as a medium through which he has
breathed words of heart-pounding love in the
ears of the one he so fondly worshipped, and
never did he know it to fail in the perform-
ance of its duty until yesterday, when it
caused him to moan—yes, to tremble like an
aspen leaf, and smite one knee against the
ot*er.

Atthe time mentioned Charles had not
seen his affinity for over forty-eight hours,
and he determined to inform her of whom
he was fondly dreaming that he would be up
to the house that night and sit out on the
front porch with her and sigh at the moon.
Seeking the telephone while no one was in
the office, he said :

‘«Ts Miss Minnie at home?”

“Yes,”

“«Tell her to step to the ’phone, please.”

*¢Ts that you, Charlie?” inquired a cooing
voice skimming along the wire.

‘* Yes, dearest, it is your own Charles.”

‘*Oh, Charlie, what made you stay away
so long? You must come up to-night be-
cause——”

‘*The baby was born an hour ago,”

‘¢ Wh-at baby ?”

‘¢ Your own baby.”

‘¢ My baby !” shrieked the young woman,
“why, I’m—I’m [surprised that you—you
would say such a thing. I—I didn’t expect

it

‘* Neither did I ; I just heard it a moment
ago.”

** You don’t believe thie—this fearful re-
90167 Say—tray yon don’t, You know I
haven gotababy I never did havea baby
in my life,” howled the young woman in a
frenzy.

‘*Ha! ha! old fellow, you feel so proud
and happy that you have to indulge in a
joke, do you? Allow me to congratulate
you. It’s a boy, and weighs twelve pounds.
G ood-bye.”

“Miss Bunter—I say, Miss Bunter

“Oh, Charlie! what is the matter 7”

‘* Matter enough, I want to know the
man’s name who told you that scandalous
falsehood. I’ll have his gore before sunrise,
I'll follow him over sixteen different states
to kill him. IT’ll crush him, I'll mutilate
him. Tell me, was it that squint-eyed
Bangs who brought that horrible le to your
ears?”

“What lie,
mean 7”

‘IT want to know who told you that--
that I had a baby born to me an hour ago
that weighed twelve poande, Who ie the
villain ?”

A piercing shriek was the only reply that
came over the wire, and then Charles rea-
lized for the first time that there was some
dreadful mistake, that the telephone had be-
come mixed, and he fainted.

Trouble Brewing in Norway.

”

Charlie? What do you

THE KING ACCUSES THE STORTHING OF EX
CEEDING ITS CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS,

(From the Paris Francaise.)

Not long ago I wrote to you about the
constitutional conflict between the Storthing
and the Crown on the subject of the attend-
ance of Ministers at the debates in the Na-
tional Legislature. This conflict is not the
only one. A second has arisen which seems
likely to reach irritating proportions. At
the close of the recent session, several pro-
jects for the reorganization of the army,
which had been referred to Military Com-
mission, were still incomplete. At one of
its last sittings, that of June 19, the Storth-
ing authorized the Commission to sit after
the adjournment, and until the beginning of
the next session.

Upon the advice of the Norwegian Minis-
ters, the King refused, on August 18, to
sanction this action, declaring that it was
impossible for him to acquiesce in the intro-
duction of a practice by virtue of which the
Storthing could empower a certain number
of its members to sit and deliberate in the
intervals of the sessions under the name of a
committee. The royal decree sets forth
that, ‘‘in naming a Parliamentary Commis-
sion of this nature, the Storthing committed
a trespass upon the domain of the Execu-
tive, and usurped administrative functions
not belonging to it, Furthermore, in au-
thorizing one of its committees to work out-
side of the sessions, it exceeded its powers
in another way, notably by extending the
duration of its sessions beyond the term
fixed by the Constitution; that is to say,
beyond two months.” Moreover, ‘‘a com-
mission constituted as this one is [three
military men, two of whom are very advanc-
ed members of the Opposition] does not offer
the necessary guarantee that the projects,
several of which have not even been examin-
ed by the Government, will be subjected to
a sufficiently intelligent and impartial
study.”

It was this last consideration, evidently,
that decided the King, for he immediately
proposed a royal commission, to be compos-
ed of the three members of the Parliamen-
tary Committee and three new and compe-
tent members te be named by the Crown.
It is clear that this proposition will have to
be ratified by the Storthing, which must de-
cide whether or not to permit its members
to sit on thisnew Commission, At thismo-
ment it is announced that the President of
the Storthing, who is also the President of
the Military Commission, has called a meet-
ing of the latter. Naturally-this step is re-
presented by the Ministerial press as a grave
insult to the sovereign.

—__—_—_——__ > + @ + <—___—_-

BisHor Exieto Cost, at Chang-Tong, ‘in
China, has invented an alphabet of 33 let-
ters, by means of which all the sounds of the
Chinese language can, it is said, be repre-
sented. The Emperor of Austria has been
so well pleased with the invention that he
has presented the Bishop with a complete
typographical apparatus, so that the new
alphabet may be employed in printing, The
characters used by the Chinese number
30,000.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

QUEBEC.

Since the opening of navigation over eight
hundred vessels have entered at the Custom
House,

The market continues firm. Last week’s
transactions were—Liverpool, all timber,
25s. Greenock, timber, 25s. and 26s. Ply-
mouth, timber, 25s. Limerick, timber, 28s. ;
deals, 70s. London, deals, 65s., nominal.

Steamship freights—Liverpool—a parcel
of deals, 60s.

The Morning Chronicle reports that in
timber, deals and staves, the market con-
tinues firm. There have been few transac-
tions during the week, Some small parcels,
for immediate shipment, have changed
hands. <A quantity of elm of 45 feet aver-
age, was sold at 28 cents per foot.

Deals—Few sales have taken place during
the week, and both pine and spruce are in
demand.

Staves—Are scarce. A parcel of pipe was
sold at something above £60.

The sale of Crown Land timber limits,
which took place on the 15th inst., rez lized
about $280,000. All the lots offered, except,
a few in the lower St. Lawrence, were sold
at an advance in the upset price. There
was brisk competition for the berths on the
Upper Ottawa, Block A. The attendance
was large,

Among those present were Hon, Sena-
tor Skead, Messrs. Jas. G. Ross, (President
of the Quebec Bank,) J. Gouin, James Mc-
Laren (President of the Ottawa Sank),
James Poupore, M. P., Moore, McLauglin,
Thistle, Thomas Smith, W. C, Edwards,
David Moore, King, Church, E, Fitch, J.
Bowen, W. Brodie, Col. Forsyth, Smith
Lynch, Campbell, Kdwards, Fitzpatrick,
Ward Higginson, Henderson, The Assist-
ant Commissioner, Mr, Tache, announced
the particulars and conditions of the sale,
when Mr. Lemoine proceeded to sell the
different lots by auction. The limits which
brought the highest prices are those in the
Ottawa District, ~

In the first range, Upper Ottawa Agency,
limit No. 4, 39 miles, was sold to E. Fitch
for $260, the upset price $75; No. 5, 614
miles, was sold to James Connolly for $240,
upset price $100 ; No. 6, 38% miles, was suld
to W. C, Edwards for $220, upset price 100;
No. 7, 16% miles, was sold to Mr. Lynch for
$230, upset price 100 ; No. 8, 14 miles, was
sold to Mr. Lynch for $190,upset price $100;
No. 9, 294 miles, was sold to Mr. Lynch for
$165, upset price $75; No. 10, 424 miles,
was sold to Mr. Fitzpatrick for $85, upset
price $75; No. 11, 42 miles, sold to Mr,
Fitzpatrick for $92, upset price $50 ; No, 12
37% miles, sold to Mr, Lynch for $70, upset
price $50. Inthe second range Mr. Fitz-
patrick purchased hmit No.4, 40 square
miles, for $80, upset price $75; No. 2, to
Mr. Ward, at $325, upset price 75; No. 3,
to Mr. Ward at $345, upset price $60 ; No.
4, to Mr. Moore, for $310, upset price $100 ;
No. 5, to Mr, Edwards, for $300, upset price
$100; No. 6, limit was bought by Mr, Fitz-
patrick for $290, upset price $100; No. 7,
limit by Mr. Jas, Connolly for $190, upset
price $100; No. 8, by Mr. Thistle, for $86,
upset price $75; No. 9, by Mr. Moore, for
$80, upset price $75; No. 10, 11, and 12
limits were soldto Mr, Campbell, tor the up
set price of $60, $60, and $50. The whole
of the limits in the third range, Block A,
were sold as follows:—No. 1, to Mr. Thistle
for 100, being the upset price; No. 2, to Mr
Campbell for $80, upset price $75; No. 3, to
Mr. James Connolly for $100, upset price
price $60 ; No. 4, tothe same, for $105, up-
set price $75. The other numbers—5, 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 weresold to Mr. Camp-
bell at prices which were fully 20 per cent.
in advauce of the upset price. The limitin
Lichfield of six miles was sold to Mr. W.
C. Edwards for $115, upset price $100, In
the Lower Ottawa agency Letter A was sold
to Mr. Henderson for $105, upset price $30 ;
Letter B to Mr, Higgiuscn for $55, upset
price $50. The other lots were principally
in the Montmagny, Rimouski, Granville,
.and Saguenay agencies, and brought some-

‘<avhgt lower prices.
SUPERVISOR oF CULLER’s OFFICE,

«Comparative statement of Timber, Masts,
Bowsprits, Spars, Staves, &c., measured
and culled to date s—

1878. 1879. 1880,
Waney White Pine....1,846,640 1,444,609 2,099,454
White Pine........... 7,917,756 2,507,729 3,978°612
Red Pine. ....0+.++0++1,3859,756 741,499 1,017,606
Dali sieeve ccdue.e sivinvesic 1,516,223 828,407 1,539,141
Bilan eagiesepciaeriasie 177,653 818074 932,784
Beiive acs phanpenMa cect. 36,507 47,161 237,142
Basswood. - 923 280 _ 863
Butternut.... 39 70 645
Tamarac.,.... . 29,306 6,691 30,803
Birch and Maple... .. 180,416 121,224 675,464
Masts and Bowsprits.. 93 pcs 50 pes 4 pes
BPaTS..ceressecceeemes 42 pes 26 pes 23 pes
Std. Staves ..... o.--» 299.8,1.8 171.5.8.7 62.9.2.4
W. I. Staves .....:0-.06 564.1-3.9 169.2.2.26 417.5.3.19
BIL StaVeScccvesiccses estes pveener _ ismessis

WM. QUINN,
Supervisor.

Quebec, 22nd Oct., 1880.

se

NEW BRUNSWICK ITEMS.

Our St. John’s correspondent supplies the
following statement of operations on the St.
John River and tributaries :

Mr, A. F. Randolph is estimated to take
out this winter about 20 million. The prin-
cipal operators for him are, W. F. Fowler,
5 million; Coulter & Hagerman, 2; G. J.
Baird, 4; Beringe Bros., 2; E. Brooks, 1 ;
C. Clayton, 1 ; Grantham Hopkins, 1; Har-
rey Lawrence, 4 million, The balance will
be obtained in smaller lots.

Mr. W. H. Murray, 27 millions. Mr.
Robt. Connors will take out for him 13 mil-
lion; F. Moore, 8; J. McKeen, 2; W. H.
Cunliffe, 4,

Messrs. Miller & Woodman, 17 million.
The principal operators for this firm are,
James Hays, 8 million; Hammond & Wat-
son, 1; and J, Yerxa, 2 million.

Mr. Alex. Barnhill, 3 million, by Mr.
West.

Messrs, Hayford & Stetson, 2 million cedar
for shingles, and 6 million spruce logs,

G. B. Dunn, & Son, 10 million.

Mr. Jewett will take out by Jarvis Hay-
ward, 6 million, aud by W. 8. Stephens, 3
million,

Mr. Robert Aiken will cut 2 million for
Mr. Cushing.

Mr. Hate’s cut is estimated at 4 million.

Mr, Layton also 4 million.

Mr. A. Gibson will take out 40 million,
all by contract.

Messrs. R. & H. Stewart, per Mr. Rich-
ards, 20 million.

+ ae

MANITOULIN ISLAND,

The Jatest news from this island is, that
lumbering goes on actively, the following
parties being at work in the woods taking
out logs :

Robert and J. Henry are hard at work at
Mudge Bay. They have two camps started,
and will take out about one million and a
half,

The Providence Bay Co. are operating on
the south side of the island. They willalso
take out about one million and a half feet.

Mr. Howard, of Mindemoya Lake (steam

mill) is taking out a small quantity for local
purposes.

Sandford Mills, on Lake Manitou, are also

taking out a supply for local use.

The mill at Gore Bay will get out enough
for local supply.

The Toronto Lumber Co., Michael’s Bay,
(R. A. Lyon, manager), are the heaviest
operators, They will take out about five
million feet this winter. They have three
camps under way at present. The location
of those mills is central and convenient for
shipping to any point, either south or west.
Their business last season is said to have
amounted to over $70,000, The lumbering
business has tended largely to settle up the
island, which has increased in population
15,000 during the past eight years.

A large business is done from the is'and
in cedar ties, for the Chicago market—200, -
000 will be taken out this winter at the
south side ot the island, and a large quanti-
ty of cedar paving timber, being pieces eight
long and not less than five inches at the top.

—————__ > + @ + <4——___—_—

THE UPPER ST. JOHN.

From Aroostook, on the upper waters of
the St. John river, we learn that operations
in getting out logs will be largely increased
this winter. An exchange says,—-The de-
mand for lumber in the United States and
other markets, is much improved, and op-
erators feel encouraged to proceed. Where

last year one individual cut 2,000,000 ft. of | from six inches to a foot apart, in rows, so as
logs, this year five or six operators will cut] to allow the hoe or cultivator to pass freely
from 5,000,000 to 10,000,000 ft. This in-| between them from two to three feet be-
creases the demand for labour and causes a| tween the rows would be found a suitable
rise in price ; it will result in enlarged prices | distance both for cuttings and seeds. It
for hay, oats and etc., in Aroostook. Those would be well if more attention were given
persons that are hiring men here now pay $5|to nut bearing trees, amongst which are
more per month for labour than they did last | some of the best for timber, and the hand-
year. Pork is an article largely consumed | somest for shade and ornamental
in the woods. Operators are Puying hes and the fact of their bearing ae tend
now at the present high prices, which have | be no detriment to their being cultivated.
been put on the article by the recent ‘‘cor-| Who cannot recall the days of his youth
ner” brought about by speculators. The| when he sat over the winter evening fire
fact will of course increase the cost of get- | cracking his nuts and chaffing his girl?
ting out the lumber above that of last sea-| But the nut bearing trees are getting
son. Spruce deals are now selling in St. | scarcer as the evenings grow longer,
John for $12, and an extra quality brings | now there are fewer nuts to crack than for-
$12.25, where last year the prices were $7 to | merly ; but there is noreason why the risi
$8 and even lower. The present high rating | generation should not have quite as m
of deals is owing to the fact of large numbers | innocent amusement as their fathers had be- -
of vessels being at St. John ay ionn freights. | fore them, if only a little judicious fore-
There are now no logs for sale, as the surplus | thought was exercised. Most of the nut
logs are in first hands, bearing trees grow rapidly. The writer has
seen a growth of six feet made by a black
walnut since last spring, and a growth of this
length is no unusual sight on young butter-
nut trees. The writer has some young plants
Lumbering operations are going on briskly | of this variety, the nuts of which he
both on the north and south shores of Lake | ed seven years ago. The trees had catkins
Nipissing, and preparations are being made | ?? them this spring but did not bear.” “He

has no doubt th ill be productive next
by A. P. Cockburn, Esq., to build a steamer a These pei Yous ‘teas ‘twiw and

for the purpose of towing, as well as for pas- | three times transplanted, and for the last few
senger traffic. The new steamer, to be named | years have been growing in a heavy lawn

: ; : sod, so that although the soil was good the
the Interocean is designed by Mr. Chaffey, of experiment was not on the whole favourable

Toronto. She will be provided with double | to the rapid growth of the young trees. The
engines and a twin screw, and will be of| wild sweet chestnut, whose fruit though

about 150 horse power. The equipments small is of excellent quality, is a very rapid

will all be first class, as Mr, Cockburn has onl will stand the wisteee-veky aaa

had experience in building several steamers. | the St, Lawrence river front as far east as
Some of the fittings have already been sent | Cornwall, and is very suitable for a
out, The heavier portions of the machinery | all over the western penlinsula ss far

: ; : : as Owen Sound. The timber of this tree
will arrive by the first through train of the} (..not be excelled for furni aa t
Canada Central Railway, which is expected | .)5 efly used as bed-room seta. ‘ke Aftab
to reach the east end of Lake Nipissing by light and neat appearance when oiled and
July next, by which time the hull of the new varnished, which ne out i
steamer is also expected to be ready, Mr, grain, and its peculiar rich bh yd
Cockburn was out at Lake Nipissing lately, |}. cheerful appearance, i firm in Detroit
and has chosen where the steamboat landing | |, ,ufactures from this ss
wharf will be. The Jnterocean will run up wood very

: We would recommend the all
Sturgeon River as far as the first falls, and : q
French River to Chaudiere. Mr. Cockburn | "* bearing trees from the seed, and trans

deserves great credit forhis pioncer enter- Le aps De ee for" high, bag a

prise. The engines and machinery will} 4.006 are n ot considered as ase ily
likely be furnished by Mr.jDoty, of Toronto, | ».noved asthe seed bearing varieties. Al-

as the improved engine he put in last season | touch we know of some set out at 10 to 12
in the steamer Rosseau has given good satis- | ¢,.4

: igh with very t success, but
faction, had been root mich re-set Mefore. We
SS ee) en ee eg any one wishing to obtain nuts of
nting and Raising. the black walnut, or young trees, may get
o7ee Tee - an almost unlimited pi at a trifling
Those who are interested in forestry will | cost from Chief Johnson of the Six Nation
be glad to know that many of the seeds of | Indian reserve at Brantford. This is now
valuable timber and ornamental trees ripen | the right time in the year to secure nuts,
during the months of September and Octo- | which should be planted as soon as obtained
ber, amongst these may be mentioned the | 1t would be well for our experimental farm
horse chestnut, the birch, the ash, the oak, | to produce a couple of bushels for planting,
the butternut, the black walnut and the|in order to shew the general public how
sweet chestnut. It will be well, therefore, | readily they can be grow, and with what
for those contemplating the rearing of a} rapidity the denudation of our forests can be
large quantity of these from seed to be on| restored. The variety, date of B get
the look out during the present month for | etc., should be kept on a stake at the end of
suitable trees to gather seeds from, The | the row so that visitors could see at a glance
seed should be planted so soon as obtained, | the progress made from time to time,—Na-
and for that purpose ground ought to be at | onal.
once prepared to Srp ao a a and sp Se
The planting should be made in rows of a
sufficient ister apart to onan of oa a Horse-Meat as Food.
being used between them, and the soil shou :
be nile rich and light by being well and eas be Pores.
deeply worked, A generous treatment of} Some very interesting statistics have been
the soil for the seed-bed cannot be too] published by the society for promoting the
strongly insisted upon. use of horse-flesh and the flesh of asses and
Trees of medium age should be selected to | mules as food, showing how steadily the con-
gather seeds from as those taken from trees | sumption of these articles of diet has been
which are too young often prove barren, | increasing in Paris and the Provinces since
whilst those from trees of a mature age fre- | the foundation of the tan | in 1866. The
uently furnish plants of weakly growth. | weight has increased from 171,300 pounds in
Nuts and seeds such as ash often refuse to | 1866. to 1,982,620 pounds in 1879. In the
germinate until the second year, so that all | principal cities of the Provinces the consump-
hope should not be lost if the first season’s | tion of horse-flesh may be considered to have
crop should not prove a success. So scon as fairly taken root. At Marseilles, in 1870 there
the leaves have tallen and the wood is well | were 599 horses eaten; 1,031 in 1875 and 1,-
ripened,cuttings may be made of the various | 233 in 1878. At Nancy, 165 in 1873, over
kinds ot willows and poplars, these should | 350 in 1876, and 705 in 1878; at Rheims 591
be made about eighteen inches long of the] in 1874, 423 in 1876, and 834 in 1878; at
present year’s shoots, and inserted one foot | Lyons 1,839 in 1873, and 1.313 in 1875. In
in the ground, The great success in growing | both the latter cases some difficulties had
all cuttings is to have the earth firmly de-| been thrown in the way by the town authori-

NIPISSING DISTRICT.

posited at the base of them, and for this | ties, as was the case zoneney ae Chalons-sur-
purpose the trench in which they are set} Marne, where the Mayor fixed the price of

should be only partially filled and the soil | horse-flesh at a higher rate than that of beef.
pressed down with a suitable instrument, | The average price of horse meat is from 25 to
and then filled up tightly, a piece of slat or} 30 cents per pound, Each horse furnishes
board six or eight inches wide and two | about 200 Kile (400 weight) of meat,
inches thick, sawn squarely across one end| which is capable of being prepared in many
and tapered to a handle at the other makes} by no means unappetizing ways. Such as
a handy implement for setting all kinds of | pot-au-feu boiled, roast, hashed, haricot,
cuttings. The cuttings should be planted | iugged, filet. &e.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

A Successful Case of Transfusion of
Blood.

The following case, which exhibits in a
marked degree the beneficial effects of tran-
fusion of blood when performed in cases of
impending death from excessive hemorrhage,
is reported in the New York Medical Journal,
for August, 1880, by Joseph W. Home, Mr
D:::

Mrs, B., aged twenty-two years, was de-
livered of a three months’ fetus, November,
7, 1879. From that date until November 11
she had repeated and profuse hemorrhages
from the uterus. On the 1(th the bleeding
was continuous. Drs. Reynolds and Com-
stock, who were first called in, suc-
ceeded in controlling the hemorrhage, but
~ not before the patient had reached the stage
of collapse. They remained with her all
night, endeavoring, with the ordinary means
of stimulation, to rouse her, but without
avail, She continued to sink in spite of
everything.

On the morning of the 11th I was sent for.
The patient was then completely pulseless
and partially unconscious. The extremities
were cold and clammy, and it was evident
that unless some fresh blood were introduced
death wouldsoonsupervene. She was sofar
gone that I made up my mind not to spend
any timein defibrinating the blood. I open-
ed the median basilic vein in the right arm
of the patient and introduced the closed can-
nula of Colin’s instrument, and after passing
some warm water through the cylinder of
the instrument, attached it to the cannula
in the patient’s arm. The median cephalic
vein in the right arm of the donor was then
opened, and the blood was allowed to flow
directly into the cylinder without defibrina-
tion. When a sufficient quantity had been
obtained, and while the blood was still flow-
ing, I injected, without any difficulty, be-
tween seven and eight ounces. The whole
operation did not occupy more than five min-
utes in its performance.

Within half an hour the pulse returned at
the wrist, the voice became clear and dis-
tinct, and she asked for something to eat
saying that she felt stronger and better in
everyway. One of the medical gentlemen
who had been with her all night assisting in
the attempts at resuscitation, and who left
in the morning, believing that there was no
hope of her recovery, came in an hour after
the operation, and said it was “‘a perfect
transformation scene’’—that he had no idea
that afew cunces of blood could restore lost
vitality so rapidly.

From that time on the patient continued
to improve, and when I last heard trom her
she was in the enjoyment of good health and
attending to her household duties without
any discomfort whatever.

st oo 2

Hose Pipe Nozzles.

Who is going to invent the nozzle of the
future? There is no nozzle that we have
everseen that seems to us to control the
stream it delivers as it should do. Instead
of projecting a solid stream for along dis-
tance, the water breaks soon after leaving
the nozzle, and soon sprays and breaks up
altogether. We often hear of steamers
throwing 250 and 300 feet, but we recently
heard a veteran chief say that he had yet to
see the apparatus of any kind that would
throw a solid stream 100 feet. The difficulty
may beall with the water, which is naturally
inclined to separate, but we are of the opin-
ion that part of the trouble lies in the con-
struction of the nozzle. An experimeat
made at Boston by putting a core into aplay
pipe, and thus dividing the stream into four
parts. depriving it of its rotatary motion,
showed a gain of thirty feet in distance
playing. But even this does not seem
sufficient. Our steamers give us power
enough for throwing, and the hose in use
gives every facility for carryinga large vol-
ume of water; thereshould be some means
devised for delivering that volume in a solid
stream at long distances, Great difficulty
has been found in making nozz’es operate
uniformly atall times- A manufacturer of
steamers once founda nozzle that gave him
great satisfaction; withit his steamers could
throw greater distances than with any he
had ever tried before. He ordered half a
dozen more justlike it. The halfadozen were
made precisely like the first, but never
equalled it in delivering water. There is
much to be learned yet regarding this ques-
tion of delivering water on fires, and the
exact relations existing between pressure,
hose, play pipes, nozzles, and the friction of
water more clearly understood.— Fireman's
Jonrnal,

SCIENTIFIC GOSSIP.

Tur Hungarian State railways are in all
I,1194 miles in length, and they yield an in-
come of about 14 per cent. per annum on the
capital invested in them,

To the alteration and metamorphism of
rocks by the infiltration of rain and other
meteoric waters, M, de Konick, of the Bel-
gian Academy of Sciences, assigns the cause
of many hitherto unexplained phenomena in
geology.

From the inquiries conducted by Prof,
Hermann Cohn, of Breslan, since 1866, it ap-
pears that short-sightedness is rarely or
never born with those subject to it, and is
almost always the result ef strains sustained
by the eye during study in early youth,
Myopia, asit is called, is seldom found among
pupils of village schools, and its frequency
increases in proportion to the demand made
upon the eye in higher schools and in
colleges- A better construction of school
desks, an improved typography of text-
books, and a sufficient lighting of class
rooms, are the remedies proposed to abate
this malady.

Tue Electrician tells this story : A number
of gentlemen were the other day about to
dine, and one of the covered dishes was
especially cared for, containing, as it was
seriously averred, a gymnotus, fresh from the
rivers of South America, which was to form
part of the repast. Usually, electricians
scrupulously observe decorum, but the
Chairman, instead of pronouncing the bene-
diction, turned to the dish containing the
eel and solemnly requested grace, when,
with a sweet cadence, as if from a mermaid
in cavernous regions, was heard all over the
place: ‘‘ Be present at our tab!e, Lord,” &c.
The cover was then raised and the anticipat-
ed electric eel turned out to be a telephone,
which had been ingeniously connected to a
distant room, and which, being a religiously
good telephone, not only produced a pleasing
sensation to all present, but afterward re-
turned thanks in a powerful but well-known
voice to the admiring listeners.

TRERE is no question now among the most
conservative of engineers that this time the
electric light has come to stay. Perhaps as
yet the most extensive use of this light in
any one establishment is that in the Royal
Albert Dock, London, an extension of the
Victoria Docks, which covers §0 acres of
water space, and has nearly eight miles of
quays. The lamps used are the Siemens
pendulum kind, with the body of the lamp
above the are, and the carbons so regulated
that the position of the arc is fixed. Each
lamp is placed on the top of a pole 80 feet
high, and its effective illumination overlaps
that of its neighbours. To generate the
electricity, the Slemens ‘“‘D 2” dynamo-
machines are employed, one to each lamp.
The Engineering says that the most interest-
ing feature of the sets of generators is that
the whole of the available current generated
in each machine is conveyed to its corres-
ponding lamp, none being utilized and ab-
sorbed in its psssage for exciting the field
magnets. In order to do this a separate
dynamo-machine, specially constructed, is
employed, the current developed by which
is transmitted through the magnet coils of
all the illuminating machines in series, By
this arrangement, the essential principles of
nee was first conceived and announced by

r. Henry Wilde, of Manchester, motive
eae is economized and greater constancy
of current is insured. It is reported that
the illumination of the dock, with its quays-
and surroundings, is very perfect, and that
the effect is most beautiful. Between the
machines and the lamps the distances vary
from 120 to 1,100 yards.

How did we come to possess our presen
form of dress? This is one of the many ques
tions answered by a reviewer in the Nature,
who had under his notice the catalogue of the
Gen, Pitt Rivers anthropological collection
lately noticed in this column. Clothing at
first was almost entirely ornamental. The
exceptions were such articles as belts from
which instrumeats of various kinds could be
suspended so as to be ready for use while
the hands were left free. A savage does not
enjoy the luxury of a pocket. Even at the
present day a Japanese has to sling his to-
bacco pipe and pouch from his belt, and the
only pockets he has are in his sleeves. The
simple cincture was the germ, so to speak,
of the clothing we wear. After some time a
bunch of pandanus s!ips was added in front,
and this was gradually extended until it
made a complete fringe around the body.
When the arts became so far advanced that
man could make paper cloth or some woven
material these latter were substituted for
the fie fringe, and the kilt was thus

developed. Curiously enough, the dress of
the Scottish Highlanders embodies these two
stages of progress in the kilt and the gpor-
ran, As man advanced there were incon-
veniences attending the use of the kilt,
which werd abated by fastening that gar
ment at one point between the legs, and the
human mind was then fairly set upon the
path to arrive at the attainment of a pair of
trousers. When the back and shoulders
needed protection the savage used the skin
of some animal, and it is from this sort of
covering for the upper part of the body that
we have derived our coats, vests, shirts, &c.
But the ancient cloak form is even yet re-
tained, not only by such people as Zulu
chiefs, but in all robes of ceremony by digni-
taries of court and college of the most highly
civilized nations on the face of the earth.
The elaborate and varied head coverings of
the present day all sprang from a very
simple original type.
Sues Beas

Scotland’s First Printed Books.

(From the Pall Mall Gazette,)

If one or two of the Scots who travelled
abroad in search of fame and fortune could
have made up their minds to return to their
native land, the art of printing mignt have
been introduced into Scotland at a much
earlier date than 1507. As it was, it took
30 years for the new practice to travel from
Westminster to Edinburgh. The first
printing-press in Scotland (as was stated at
yesterday’s meeting of the Library Associa-
tion) was established in that year somewhere
off Cowgate by a printer called Walter
Chapman, who was employed in some capa-
city about the court, and was presumably
permitted to set it up in payment for some
services he had rendered to his patron. The
first books printed were a volume of ‘‘ Metri-
cal Ballads ” and ‘‘ The Aberdeen Breviary,”
in two parts. Of the former work there is
but one copy,;in existence ; the latter was
printed under the superintendence of a
Bishop of Aberdeen, and four copies are still
preserved, though only one possesses a title-
page. No other works were printed until
1531, but from that year to the end of the
century a vast quantity of printed matter
was struck off for the benefit of the nation.
Most of these volumns were no sooner in
existence than they seemed to have perish-
ed. We know from the wills of the printers
that in many cases they left behind several
hundreds of copies of particular works, al-
though the most learned bibliographer can
only now tell the habitat of one or two of
them. What became of the rest is a question
which has puzzled many minds. Possibly
they were thumbed by their owners out of
their livcs.

2. es

Dulcigno.

The Paris Temps gives the following ac-
count of Dulcigno: ‘‘ The town is composed
of two parts, separated from each other by the
port—the old town, containing the cita tel,
and the new town, ia which the population
is almost entirely conc-ntrated, and which
comprises about 400 houses. It is evident
that if the squadron had opened fire it would
have directed it solely against the citadel,
where there are not eighty houses. The in-
habitants would not have had to suffer from
the bombardment, The certainty of not
being in danger, even in cise of military
action, has, perhaps, had something to do
with the obstinate resistance the inhabitants
of Dulcigno have made to the cession of
their town to the Montenegrins. The chief
reason, however, is that they are nearly all
Mussulmans; they number from 2,800 to
2,000, and it is said that till 1858 no Ubris-
tian was aliowed to choose his residence at
Dulcigoo. Lastly, it is said that the Mus-
sulmans are a race of pirates, who have on-
ly given up piracy since 1815—that is, since
Austria has had possession of Dalmatias and
has create l a navy.

OO 2

A Lonvon tailor has invented ‘ the unit-
ed suit,’’ which consists of a man’s complete
attire in one garment.

Tur Russian traveller Remiaowitch-Dant-
schenko, has discovered on the highland of
Daghestan a tribe resembling Cossacks, but
following the Mosaic law strictly, and re-
taining ancient Jewish names—undoubtedly
one of the lost tribes,

THE number of yearling thoroughbreds
from the great breeding establishments of
England sold during the past year aggregat-
ed 451, the progeny of 112 sires. They
realized 89,996 guineas—a decrease in the
amount paid to breeders of 41,773 guineas
as compared with 1877, when 486 yearlings
brought 131.666 guineas,

A Revengeful Owl

A remarkable instance intelligence
shown by an owl in conceiving and carrying
out a project of vengeance on a farm labourer
who had destroyed a whole family of young
ones before they had gained the requisite
strength to take wing is related by a Prench
provincial journal. An owl had built its
nest in an old oak-tree which grew near a
farm in the commune of Beauvry. Ite mate
had laid during the month of July several
eggs, which in due time developed int a
poms progeny of young birds. A farm
abonrer, moved by a sentiment of aversion
for owls, which is common in country pe”
determined a few days ago to cut shor
lives of the young ones, and choosing “a
ourable opportunity, put his project into
ecution. The infant owls were taken aw
from the maternal nest and massacred, t
by what followed it will be seen the pare
birds did not allow their tragical fate to rn
main unavenged. On several eveninge suc-
ceeding that during which the nest had been
plundered, the villagers returning from the
fields remarked the male owl fiying in an agi-
tated manner round the farm, but no attent-
ion was paid to the circumstance, which was
put down to a lingering attachment on the
part of the bird to the spot where the nest
had been. The event proved, however, that
it haunted the neighborhood of the oak-tree
from an instinct of revenge, and was lying in
wait for the destroyer of its family. During
a whole week it hovered near the farm,
biding its time, and at length the right mom-
ment arrived. The young man who had so
ruthlessly exterminated the brood of owls
was crossing the threshold of thefarm at dusk
when the bereaved bird swooped down on
him from the tree where it was keeping
watch, and with surprising swiftness tore
out his eye withits claws. The intolerable
pain caused by this sudden attack made the
victim ofit swoon away. When he recover-
ed consciousness, and had his wound dressed,
he related the circumstances under which he
had received it, and a search was instituted
to discover whether the owl was still lurking
in the vicinity. No traces of it were, how-
ever, to be found; but the young man will
have reason to remember the lodger in the
old oak-tree, since for rest of his life he
will have to make one eye do duty for
two.

ee

Bessemer Steel.

The London correspondent of the Man-
chester Eximiner says: ‘‘The city of Lon-
don has to-day done itself honour in confer-
ring its freedom upon Sir Henry Bessemer,
whose name certainly deserves to rank among
those of most illustrous men who have signed
the roll. Sir Henry is best known by his
great invention for making steel, but how
busy he has been in other directions may be
understood from the fact that there are no
less than 114 patents which have been taken
out in hisname. How valuable his steel pro-
cess is we already know, but nothing could ex-
plain the extent of the revolution which his
invention created better than the figures
which he quoted this afternoon. When the
invention was introduced into Sheffield the
entire make of the steel was 51,000 tons per
annum, whereas last year it was no less than
830,000 tons or more than 16 times the for-
mer produce of the country. The difference

of

in price is still more wonderful. This year —

he estimates that 2,000,000 of tons of steel

will be made in Europe and 1, 000,000 tons in —

England, ata cost of £30, 000, 000, whereas,
under the old process it would cost £150.000,-
000. The man whose genius has effected such

enormous good to the community is entitled to ©
to takeahigh placeon the roll of national bene- |

factors, and the city may well be proud to have
him among her freemen.
— —-- <> +o
THERE are two different ways of conduct-
ing stock business out West. The one is to
buy young steers, keep them two years on
your range, and sell them as four-year olds.
Per head the increase in value varies be-
tween $10 and $15, thus enabling the ranch-
man to double his capital i iu a short time if
his losses do not exceed five per cent. and he
has luck. The other method is to raise
stock, buying Texan, Oregon, or Utah cows
and the necessary number of Eastern .or
English bulls. This, if you make up your
mind not to sell a single animal in the first
three years, is in the end more profitable
than the feeding up of stock. At first few
men went into it, the capital needed being

large, but as in the last few years the larger —

profits of the business became known it is
the favourite with men tempted by the

chance of making a fortune in five or six

years.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

The Island of Madeira.

One of the principal drawbacks to Madeira
is the difficulty of getting about. Thereare
no carriage roads, and the horse tracks are
steep pitches up and down; they ere also
almost invariably paved with hard pebbles.
This renders it impossible to ride anywhere
except at a foot’s pace, so that the time con-
sumed in going a few miles is very great,
and the mode of progression very tiresome.
On the other hand, the island ponies, shod
in a peculiar manner to encounter the afore-
said roads, are usually sure-footed and good
walkers, so that within a certain distance of
Funchal pleasant expeditions are to be made

tiif you find the time and strength. Thus the
zjfine mountain scenery of the Grand Corral—
"a gloomy gorge, into which you look down
t some 2,000 feet or so from the mountains
f overhanging it—the Ribiero Frio, and other
} landscapes beautiful of their kind, can on
well-chosen days be visited without much
difficulty. To get further afield is not so
easy. ‘There are but few tolerable hotels in
the country districts, and you never can be
sure that you will not find the higher levels
wrapped in mist or drenched with rain, even
whilst fine weather is prevailing. I am
speaking of the winter months ; anybody
who happened to pass a summer in Madeira
could visit all parts of the island readily
enough.

The remack that there are few comfortable
inns out of Funchal does not apply to Santa
Cruz (Santa Cruz in Madeira, Imean), The
hotel there belongs to a Senhor Goxzalez,
but is mainly upheld by the untiring exer-
tions of a worthy woman called Maria, She
is a Portuguese by birth, but speaks Eng-
lish quite well, and is indefatigable in her
efforts to please. This quiet inn is a plea-
sant change from the hot tables d’hotes at
Funchal ; the village may be perhaps some-
what cooler, and is said to possess a lighter
and finer air; it is also well situated as a
place to make excursions from. A mile or
two beyond it lies the well-known Machicho
Bay, where, according to the tradition, Ma-
deira was first landed upon by the English-
man Machin, The story is that this Ma-
chin, an English esquire, incurred the re-
sentment of a powerful family by gaining
the affections of the daughter of its chief,
He was ;thrown into prison, but escaped,
and then persuaded the lady to elope with
him to France, A violent storm drove their
vessel for thirteen days in a southerly direc-
tion, and at last they found themselves in a
small brig on the shores of an unknown is-
land. Here they landed, but the fatigues
of the voyage had exhausted the strength of
Machin’s companion, Anna d’Arfet; she
died there, and was there buried. The frag-
ments of a cross erected over her grave are
still shown by the Machico villagers. Her
lover did not long suavive her, and his com-

anions, in their attempt to sail away home,

ell into the hands of the Moors. During
their captivity they spoke of this island to
an old Portuguese pilot, who, on being ran-
somed, and returning to his own country,
suggested and accompanied the first expedi-
tion to Madeira, which thus became a de-
pendency of Portugal. Skepticism, of course,
has been at work upon this old national tale,
but there seems no reason for rejecting the
legend, except that itis a legend, and that
the fashionable wisdom of the hour pro-
nounces, as usual, anything which has long
been a matter of popular belief to be of ne-
cessity incredible; otherwise the narrative
hangs perfectly well together in all its
parts, and, moreover, furnishes a reason
why the Portuguese government sent out
their expedition a little later to discover the
island so reported to them—a reason which
otherwise would be wanting. Beyond this
bay you can proceed in a boat, along ano-
ther range of rugged and lofty hills, to the
supposed fossil beds at the extremity of the
island : these fossils are apparently concre-
tions of lime, which have put on the appear-
ance of branches or roots, as the case may
be. An ignorant person would believe that
they had formed themselves round real
pieces of wood, and that these have decay-
ed, leaving their form to the encompassin3
stone; but geologists, I fancy, put this
* opinion aside, and look upon them as _ being
what they are, merely in obedience to some
caprice of nature ; they are not, according
to them, fossils at all, but merely a good
mitation of fossils.
+e _

Two aad a half millions of tropical or-
anges were received in the past six months
at San Francisco from the French islands of
Tahiti, They have come in equal numbers
every month from March to September,

| showing that the trees are in perpetual
bearing,

The Excavation of Flood Rock, Hell
Gate.

The mining of Flood Rock, Hell Gate, in
the East River at the northerly part of New
York city, preparatory to blowing it up
after the manner of the Hallett’s Point
work, is being pushed forward rapidly. The
expenditure last year amounted to $140,-
000, and a large part of the $200,000 ap-
propriated this year for the improvement of
East River will go to this work. Employ-
ment is now given to 135 men, divided into
three shifts of eight hours each. The central
shaft is fifty feet deep.

Running across the river are twenty head-
ings; at right angles to these are eleven
cross headings, none of which have yet been
extended their entire length. They average
seven feet high and ten feet wide, and are
situated about twenty feet apart. Near the
main shaft, however, where more light and
space are required for working, they are
larger. Three acres have thus been under-
mined, or one-third of the whole, It is not
intended to enlarge the headings until each
one has been carried out to its full length.
Then the chambers will be widened and
made higher, so that the whole excavation
will resemble an immense cave, the roof
being supported by the rock pillars which
now form the sides of the headings, The
thickness of the rock forming the roof will
then be about ten feet, varying according
to the character of the rock, whereas it is
now from fifteen to thirty feet in thickness,

The work of tunneling proceeds very
slowly, owing to the hardness of the rock of
which the reef is composed, The rate at
which it is now going on is from 500 to 600
feet a month, representing an excavation of
fabout 1,500 cubic yards, It is impossible to
tell when the whole will be accomplished,
even at this rate. Frequently a seam is
struck in blasting which stops the work in
that heading altogether, on account of the
leakage. In such a case it is customary to
work around the leak. According to the
last report, the work done during the past
year was much greater than in any previous
year ; 24,000 cubic yards of rock were re-
moved, 43,000 blasts made, and 57,066 drills
sharpened. The number of blasts made
each night now average 150, The rock thus
broken up is loaded on scows and dumped in
the deep water to the south of the reef,
Part of it was also used to fill up the space
between Big and Little Mill Rocks, which
lie to the north.

Diamond Cutting in New York.

Among the curious and interesting indus-
trial facts brought to light during the census
inquiries, not the least is the factthat the re-
cently introduced art of diamond cutting has
been so admirably developed here that dia-
monds cut in Amsterdam are sent to this city
for recutting. Hitherto Amsterdam has
monopolized the work of diamond cutting ;
and the aim there has been to remove in cut-
ting the least possible weight of the gem.
The American plan is to cut mathemati-
cally, according to recognized laws of light, so
as to secure the utmost brilliancy for the fin-
ished stone. The greater loss in weight, as
compared with the Amsterdam cutting, is
thus more than made good by the superior-
brilliancy of the product. From the inquir-
ies made by chief special census agent, Chas.
K. Hill, it appears that the average increasing
value given to diamonds by New York cut-
ting is $5,000 for each person employed for
twelve months ; also, that our dealers are re-
ceiving the best Amsterdam-cut gems from
abroad to be recut here and returned.

———— —— -~t

THE lines of railway in the five divisions
of the earth cost, in round numbers, $16,-
000,000,000, and would, according to Baron
Kolb, reach eight times round the globe, al-
though it is but little over half a century
since the first railway worked by steam was
opened between Darlington and Stockton,
Sept. 27, 1825, and between Manchester and
Liverpool, Sept. 15, 1880. It is shown that
in France, previous to the existence of rail-
way, there was one passenger in every 335,-
000 killed, and one out of every 30,000
wounded, whereas between 1835 and 1875
there was but one in 5,177,890 killed, and
one in 580,450 wounded, so that we may
infer that the tendency to accidents is year-
ly diminishing. Railway travelling in Eng-
land is attended with greater risk than in
any other country in Europe. A French
statistician observes that if a person were to
live continually in a railway carriage and
spend all his time in railway travelling, the
chances in favour of his dying from a rail-
way accident would not occur until he was
960 years old,

A New Safety Sail Boat.

To the Editor of the Scientific American :

‘Don’t trust yourself in that craft ; you'll
be overboard sure.” Such was the warning
of a professional boatman at the barge office
on the Battery, as I stepped upon a frail
boat on a ‘‘fresh” afternoon. I think I
know something of boats myself, and but.
that I knew this one to be provided with
means intended to overcome the very danger
against which the honest boatman warned
me, I should have more than hesitated. But
the pursuit of science must be deterred by
no dangers, and, moreover, my pursuit in
this instance was in behalf of the whole
world, as represented by the Scientific Ameri-
can,

The Jane was an especially dangerous
looking craft, 18 or 20 feet long, whose bot-
tom and deck formed the sharp V-shaped
edge which proclaim an entire want of bear-
ing power, while her immense sails, main
and jib, were ample for a boat of twice her
dimensions, Her captain was a New Zeal-
ander, whose motions were the reverse of
safety-inspiring. My own conception of the
care needful under the existing circum-
stances had no place with him, and, but for
entire faith in my ability to swim, I should
never have ventured.

As the Jane shot beyond the pier head,
her huge sails were struck by a blast more
than sufficient for instant destruction, In-
voluntarily I made ready for an impromptu
bath, and the boatman tauntingly called out,
‘*What’d I tell ye?” but ily the mast
yielded, The boat came to her bearings and
moved on as steadily as though impelled by
the mildest zephyr. The triumph was al-
ready complete; but more was to come.
Presently we were in a large seaway, and,
with our good speed, a large inflow of sea
water over the low and sharp bow was a
matter of course. In that, also, I was
agrecably disappointed. The boat, instead
of carrying the weight of the wind and bein,
thus forced through the sea, rose to it an
she glided easily over. Again it was the
mast that yielded—yielded to the motion of
the boat as easily as befure it yielded to the
force of the blast. The surplus force of
wind, instead of racking the boat and mak-
ing misery for her passengers, was simply
“spilled” over the top of the sail, The
motion was tree from the thumps and jars
usual under the same circumstances,

How all this was accomplished ‘may be
difficult of explanation without the aid of an
engraving. Instead of being ‘‘ stepped” in
the usual way, the mast was held in a rock-
ing shaft at the deck, and to the keel, on
either side, springs were attached, having
their opposite ends secured under the deck,
Thus the mast, in the absence of pressure,
remained upright, but under pressure yield-
ed on either side, The amount of pressure
needful to compel this yielding was regulat-
ed by nuts and screw on a guide rod inside
the springs. A second pair of springs,
placed longitudinally under the deck, were
connected by pulleys with the shrouds, and
these aided to stiffen the mast while they
yielded to its movements under pressure,

For pleasure boats, this spring mast is a
great addition, It not only insures safety,
but gives an ease ot motion which cannot but
prove especially delightful to those who are
timid upon the water. More than this, it
permits an unvarying course for the boat,
and thus avoids the checks and delays in-
separable from ‘‘luffing,” as also the neces-
sity of unusual skill and care in the manage-
ment of even a ‘‘ crank” vessel in a ‘‘ flowy”

wind,
M.S. B.

New York, October, 1880,

[The invention, a practical trial of which
is above described, is that of Mr. John
McLeod, Hill’s Pavilion, Flushing, N. Y.
A patent has been allowed. 1t appears to
be a really valuable and practical improve-
ment,—Eds. Scientific American, ]

—————“<-e »—_— -—__
Gold in Arabia.

The official journal of the vilayet of Yemen,
Sana, announces that a gold mine has been
discovered in the Sana district, and, in the
usual style of Oriental expansiveness, de-
clares that this mine ‘is one of the richest
in the world.” A detachment of soldiers has
been sent to guard the place against the at-
tack of Bedouins, and a commission has
been appointed to examine and report upon
the mineral prospects. A productive gold
mine would be a useful acquisition just now
to the Turkish Government,
et ee

Tue Hibernian Bible Society has circulat-
ed in Ireland, since it was formed, nearly
4,5000,000 copies of the Bible.

The Pocket Handerchief.

We may forget our purse, our penknife,
and many other things, says the London
Hatter, without experiencing any great in-
convenience, and even without its being
known at times, but to lose or mislay the
handkerchief, may be followed by very grave
consequences, as weall know. Moreover,
we make use of this article in many other
different ways. All who make use of spec-
tacles do not remove them from their nose
in order to put them very carefully into the
case without using the handkerchief, and
they use it again before putting them on,
wiping the glasses with great care. The
majority of people pay by far too little at-
tention to an object so indispensable,
Many put it into the same pocket with their
keys, their purse, their snuff-box, without
troubling themselves rrr the many
strange substances with which its tissue
will not fail to come in contact in so miscel-

fore presenting themselves to the person
they wish to thank or solicit, some
been known to dust their boots with
handkerchief. Does the careful wife
some grains of dust left on her ornaments?
She makes them agp with her
rats — = the ago —_
their slates with them; in ground
their handkerchief is the necessary attend-
ant of a multitude of games. With this
they _ of the dirt; they strike off the
dust. It is used to stop the blood that flows
from wounds—always very numerous in the
age of leap-frog and prisoners, base ; the age
alo of communism in handkerchiefs, Wi
wounds come tears, and the handkerchief,
full of dust, spotted with dirt, with the
blood of bodies known or unknown, serves
again for wiping the eyes, the nose, or the
cheeks furrowed with tears, Wedo not
wish, and we cannot tell here all the
uses that people make of the pocket -
kerchief, And then what signals have been
conveyed by it! How many sad farewells,
how many cheerful co: ions}! The
very method of waving it has a
as the motions of the also have. But
no one has hitherto discoursed on the lan-
guage of the pocket handkerchief, And
how useful it often is as a help tothe pock-
et or the hand-bag ! How many mushrooms,
myrtle-berries, strawberries, and
ries have been gathered into the
chief in young days, and more valuable
things in later life! Then there be
evil results traced to it—a number of ail-
ments of which one cannot guess the origin ;
diseases of the nose and eyes. Fortunateit
is for him that incurs nothing worse; dip-
htheria, for example, which the handker-
chief may heedlessly transmit. Let us not
use the handkerchief except for its proper
urpose ; let us devote to it a i A
fet us change it as often as possible, and in-
spire our children with a great disgust for
another’s handkerchief on account of the
disagreeable, nay, dangerous consequences
that may ensue. Much more might be said
about the pocket handkerchief, but enough
has been hinted at to set my readers a-
thinking upon its importance, its uses, and
its abuses.

Firty-sEVEN tons of Greek marble have
been delivered in London, free of all
by the Greek Government, for the Byron
pedestal.

Tue Marquis Robert de San
who married an American, Miss Helen Gil-
lender, has ordered in this country some
things for their baby. A willow cradle has
a canopy decorated with draperies, medal-
lions, points of Valenciennes and blue
satin ribbon. There are sheets with tucked
borders and bands of French embroidery,
and others of lawn, with lace enough on
them to make the cost $500 for four, An
eider down quilt and some exq 7" fine
blankets are included in the outfit. here
are three dozen dresses in the wardrobe,
many of them of lawn, mull, and fine laces,
‘“‘ Young mothers,” says a correspondent of
the Philadelphia 7imes, ‘‘can easily imagine
the dainty beauty of the tiny silken socks,
the exquisitely embroidered lawn skirts gar-
nit with the finest of fine laces, the
richest of the flannel skirts with silken em-
broidery, and the handsome tucked, trim- -
med, and lace-finished petticoats, but it is
difficult to conceive of anything so loveiy as
the robes of real lace, arranged in diamonds,
medallions, squares, and all manner of con-
ceits, with applique of embroidery in roses
and other flowers, each re in the Valen-
ciennes lace soos or upraised until
it looks like round point.”

Breeding from Arab Sires.

(The Nineteeth Century.)

As size is a condition sine gua non for
most purposes in England, I feel that some-
thing needs to be said on that head, I have
every reason to believe that pure Arabian
produce, bred in England, will in the first
generation reach the height of 15 hands 2
inches, although his dam is hardly that
height, and I believe it to be a fact that
eross-bred produce frem an Arabian sire is
always taller than the mean height of sire
and dam, That this should be so seems to
me quite accountable. The Arabian of 15
hands is not a big pony but a little horse—
little only through the circumstances of his
breeding, and ready at once to develop as
nature, under kindlier influences, intended
him to do. It may seem a paradox to say
it, but I believe size to be no less a quality
of the racing Anazeh than speed. The Eng-
lish race-horse of 1700, if we may believe
Admiral Rous, was under 15 hands in height,
being then, as I have shown, by no means a
pure Arabian, whereas immediately after
the infusion of Darley blood he rose to 16
and 16,2. The soil and climate of England
will, I doubt not, do now what it did then,
and I think itis the Duke of Newcastle who
remarks, ‘*There is no fear of having too
small horses in England, since the moisture
of the climate, and the fatness of the land
rather produce horses too large.” Neither
do I doubt that in Arabian cross-breeding a
like result will be obtained. Lastly, the
Arabian has this in his favour as a sire. He
is less likely, from the real purity of his
blood, to get those strange sports of nature
which are the curse of breeders, misshapen
offspring, recalling some ancient stain in not
a stainless pedigree. The true Arabian may
be trusted to reproduce his kind after his
own image and likeness, and of a particular
type. It will rarely happen to the breeder
of Arabians that a colt is born useless for
any purpose in the world, except, as they
say, ‘‘to have his throat cut or be run ina
hansom.” Whether he be bred a race-horse
or not, the Arab will always find a market
as long as cavalry is used in England or on
the Continent. He is a cheap horse to
breed, doing well on what would starve an
English thoroughbred, and requiring less
stable work from his docility. Above all,
whatever diseases he may acquire in time,
he starts now with a clean bill of health, in-
heriting none of those weaknesses of consti-
tution which beset our present racing stock.
He endures cold as he endures heat, fasting,
as plenty, and hard work as idleness. No-
thing comes to him amiss. For what other
creature under heaven can we say so much?

a
The Teeth of the Ancient Greeks.

(From the London News.)

One of the most remarkable features of
the discovery of the band of Thebans who
fell at Cheronea is that, according to the
report, all the teeth of each member of the
Sacred Band are sound and complete. LHi-
ther these gallant patriots were exceptional-
ly lucky, or the condition of teeth in old

was enviably different from that of
later and more degenerate days. The Ro-
mans were well acquainted with the evils
that attend on the possession of teeth, and
had some considerable knowledge of the use
of gold in counteracting these evils. If we
remember rightly, an exception to the rule
of not burying precious objects with depart-
ed Romans was made in favour of the gold
that had been used for stopping teeth. We
moderns may compare favourably with the
Romans in the skill of our dentists, but we
cannot pretend to rival the defenders of
Thebes in their superiority to the necessity
for these gentlemen. Rare, indeed, are the

mortals of to-day who can truly boast
that their teeth are in the perfect condition
that nature intended, and that the craft of
the dentist has never been employed upon
them. It would be a difficult task to select
from our Army, or any mcdern army, 300
men with teeth as sound as those of the
Theban warriors are reported to be.

Two marble busts of the Prince Imperial
have lately been finished by Mr. Best, the
sculptor, one for Queen Victoria, represent-
ing the cadet at Chiselhurst, and the other
for Gen. Simmons, which is to be presented
to the Royal Military Academy, at which
the ill-fated youth studied. It is said that
the Empress will have the bodies of her
husband and son brought to wherever she
may pitch upon for her residence, and placed
ina mausoleum there, She is in very deli-
cate health,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

SCIENTIFIC GOSSIP.

In the first of the series of his Cantor lec-
tures, Robert W. Edis thus concisely states
how decoration and furniture of town houses
should be treated: ‘‘The great aim of the
designer should be simplicity and appropri-
ateness of form and design, with harmony of
colour, and to show that the cheapest and
commonest things need not be ugly, and that
truth in art and design need not of necessity
involve costliness and lavish expenditure,
Fitness and absolute truth are essential to
all real art, and be it remembered that ‘ de-
sign is not the offspring of idle fancy ; it is
the studied result of accumulative observa-
tion and delightful habit ;’ and by a careful
regard to this we may make our homes and
habitations, if not absolutely shrines of
beauty and good taste, at least pleasant
places, where the educated eye may look
around without being shocked and offended
by gross vulgarity and gaudy commonplace-
ness,’

By means of an ingenious clock-work ap-
paratus, Marey, the French biologist, has
obtained a number of exceedingly interesting
graphic illustrations of the manner in which
man walks. The instrument is a vertical
barrel, covered with finely ruled paper, and
as the barrel is made to revolve by the gear-
ing within it, a little pencil makes a mark on
the paper, as the person whose walk is under
investigation steps along with the register-
ing device. A little air-compressor, worked
by the foot of the walker at each step, sends
a current of air through a flexible pipe to
the instrument, and gives a more or less up-
and-down movement to the pencil. It has
been found that the step in going up hill is
longer than in going down hill ; that the step
is longer for an unburdened man than for a
burdened one, and that the step is longer
when the sole of the boot is thick and pro-
longed beyond the toe than when it is short
and flexible. When a person ascends a hill
he quickens his pace, but diminishes its
length, and he does just exactly the opposite
when descending an inclination on the
ground. It would seem that Marey’s obser-
vations point to the advisability of pedes-
trians in general adopting low-heeled boots,
with thick projecting soles.

Tue Chemical News gives the following
pertinent piece of advice to the young stu-
dent of science in Great Britain, and neither
young nor old students on this side of the
Atlantic need evade reading it at least.
When a man has gotso far as to define, even
in his secret thoughts, science as a mere
something to be examined in, he is intellec-
tually dead. In conjunction with this
caution we must make a demaud upon the
moral nature of the student. We must ex-
hort him, at whatever cost of time and la-
bour, to eschew cram, including under the
term all the tricks and dodges by which a
really undisciplined mind is made to put on
a false appearance of mastership. It is not
safe to argue that the English system of
examination being essentially a sham it
may be legitimately evaded. He who wins
degrees and diplomas by deceit will have
acquired habits of dishonesty which will
cling to him in after life, and which will
manifest themselves in a propensity for
trimming and cooking results, for suppress-
ing inconvenient facts, and forging evidences
for a tottering theory. He who cheats ex-
aminers in youth will in after life be apt to
cheat scientific societies and the learned
world at large for his own glorification, and
may perhaps for a time succeed.

—_ ae a

The Tower of Silence.

On a hill in the island of Bombay (called
by the Europeans Malabar Hill) stand, all
within a short distance of each other, the
churchyard of the Christians, the cemetery
of the Mussulman, the place where the Hin-
doos cremate their dead, and the Tower of
Silence, where the Parsees leave theirs un-
coffined, to be devoured by the birds of the
air. Itis a lofty square enclosure, without
roof or covering of any kind. Huge bloated
vultures and kites, gorged with human flesh,
throng lazily the summit of the lofty wall
surrounding the stone pavement, which is
divided into three compartments, wherein
the corpses of men, of women, and of child-
ren are laid apart, and all nude as they came
into the world. Some relative or friend
anxiously watches, at a short distance, to
ascertain which eye is first plucked out by
the birds, and from thence it is inferred
whether the soul of the departed is happy or
miserable. The Parsees regard with horror
the Hindoo method of disposing of the dead,
by throwing the bodies or ashes into rivers ;
yet their own custom is even more repugnant
to the feelings of the Europeans in India,

EE ee

FACTS AND INCIDENTS.

Tut Swiss pleasure season has been the
best for six years, Up to June 30 the Lu-
cerne Steamboat Company had carried
40,000 more passengers than up to the same
date last year.>~

A MAN leaped from a third-story window,
in Philadelphia, to escape from his infuriated
wife. His leg was broken; but that was
nothing, he said, to what he would have
suffered if he hadn’t jumped.

Last December the London Peabody Fund
of $2,500,000 had grown to $3,500,000. The
trustees up to that time had housed 9,905
persons in 2,355 separate dwellings. The
average weekly earnings of the head of each
family in a Peabody house were $6, the
average rent $1, and a single room 50 cents

Two Kentuckians had been stopping at a
Chicago hotel. One of them was fiercely
disputing the correctness of the bill which
the clerk bad just presented to him, when
the other took him by the arm and said,
‘Colonel, never forget that you are a Ken-
tuckian. Kill the clerk, but pay the bill.”

THE excitement consequent on the dis-
coveries of new diamonds in the Free State
of South Africa, according to latest intelli-
gence, had not abated in intensity. Three
new rushes have been reported. A gem of
the first water, weighing fifty carats, and
worth $30,000; has been unearthed at the
Jagerstostein diggings,

Str CHARLES GAVAN Durry’s new work,
on which he is now engaged, adheres to the
old phrase with which he was himself iden-
tified from its inception to its collapse, and
he calls his book ‘‘ Young Ireland.” It is
not a history in broad and well-connected
narrative, but a sort of personal memoir.
O’Brien, Dillon, O’Gorman, and Meagher are
spoken of very highly, but Michaelis very
severely handled.

THE Swedish and Norwegian press are
discussing in somewhat heated terms the
agitation prevailmg among a section of
Norwegians for the repeal of the act of union
between Sweden and Norway, and the est-
ablishment of a Norwegian republic. The
Swedish journals, while hinting that the
separation of Norway would be a good rid-
dance, maintain that the honour of Sweden
is involved, and that, if necessary, strong
measures must be employed to reawakeu the
loyalty of the Norwegians. The relations
between the Norwegian deputies and the
King are greatly strained, the right of the
King to a final veto having been deriied by a
large majority.

THERE has lately been published a very
interesting official paper by Capt. Morant of
the British navy, on the operations of the
six vessels sent under command of the Duke
of Edinburgh to give aid on the west coast of
Ireland. The report says that the distress
did not come suddenly on the inhabitants of
this wild [region by reason of the failure of
last year’s harvest, but was due in great
measure to the falling off in value of kelp.
This compelled the people to fall back upon
tillage and fishing ; but the crops capable of
being grown are utterly insufficient to sup-
port the population, while the appliances for
fishing are too imperfect to help much in
sustaining the communities. The popula-
tion is far larger than such a soil and climate
can support, and the people have been im-
prudent in making very early marriages.
Emigration is the only remedy for these
people.

Dr. Louis Posse of St. Louis was married
last July- Now his wife is suing fora di-
vorce. Her chief cause of complaint is
given in her testimony as follows: ‘‘ We
had a roast duck for dinner, with onion
stuffing. When he saw the onions he got
just like a wild man and threw down his
knife and fork, cursed me and called me
names, and asked me what kind of eating
that was. He wouldn’t sit down to the
table then, but went and sat down in the
kitchen. I wasn’t eating then, and he ask-
ed me why I didn’t eat. I said to him,
“*Tf you will not eat J will not eat either.”
He then said, ‘‘If you don’t sit down this
very minute and eat, I will show you who is
boss in this house, you or I.” He forced
me to go co the table and sit down, and I
took some victuals on my plate just to
please him, but I couldn’t eat. He then
went and got a stick and stood behind my
chair and said tome; ‘‘ Here, do you see
that stick? That is for you, and if you will
not eat now I will break this stick on your
back. I will break every bone in your body.
Fill up your plate and eat.” I even filled
my plate for good, and he kept standing
behind me till I had the whole plate
emptied,”

GRINLETS.

“ A Terrible Infant !”

I recollect a nurse call’d Ann,

Who carried me about the graze,
And one fine day a fine young man

Came up, and kissed the pretty lass ;
She did not make the least objection !

Thinks I, ** Aha!

When I can talk I'll tell mamma.”

And that’s my earliest recollection,

They had just exchanged their ringe,
And sat on the sofa together,
Discussing the subject of weather

And several others things.

It was midnight ere he rose.
And a bit of court plaster
From her cheek of tair alabaster,
Was stuck on the end of his nose.
“‘How isyour husband this afternoon, Mrs.
Quiggs?’ ‘‘ Why, the doctor says as how if
he lives till mornin’ he shall have some hopes
of him; but if he don’t he must give him
u ”

WHEN a boy is ordered against his will to
take the coal-scuttle down stairs and fill it,
it is astonishing the number of articles he
will accidentally strike the scuttle against
before getting back.

Tut European powers to Dulcigno—Will
you surrender? Dulcigno to the European
powers—No, I won’t. The European pow-
ers to Dulcigno—Then we think you’re real
mean—so, there !

A Bricut little girl, who had successfully
spelt the word ‘‘ that,” was asked by her
teacher what would remain after the ‘‘t”
had been taken away. ‘‘Thedirty cups and
saucers,” was the reply.

Tue following letter was received by an
undertaker recently from an afflicted widow-
er: ‘‘Sur—my waif is ded and wonts to be
berried to-morrow at Woner klock. U nose
wair to dig the Hole—by the siad of my two
other wiafs—let it be deep.”

LAWYER C (entering the office of his
friend, Dr. M——, and speaking in a hoarse
whisper: ‘‘ Fred, Pve got such a cold this

morning that I can’t speak the truth.” Dr.
M——: ‘‘ Well, I’m glad that it’s nothing
that will interfere with your business.”

A cERTAIN English general, being at the
point of death, opened his eyes, and seeing a
consultation of four physicians, who were
standing close by his bedside, faintly ex-
claimed: ‘‘Gentlemen, if you fire by
platoons it’s allover with me,” and instantly
expired.

Mas. DunNup—Awf'lly dull down here,
isn’t it, Miss Maria? Miss Maria—Do you
think so? Why don’t you go, then? You're
a bachelor, and have only yourself to please.
Maj. Dunnup—Only myself to please! You
dont know what a doosed difficult thing that
is to do.

Tue Irishman had a correct appreciation
of the fitness of things who, being asked by
the judge when he applied fora license to
sell whisky if he was of good moral charac-
ter, replied: ‘‘ Faith, yer honour, I don’t
see the necessity of a good moral character
to sell whisky !”

HERE is a verbatim sample of a preacher's
prayer of a coloured camp-meeting at Seneca,
Md., last summer: ‘‘Oh, Lord ! send down
thy spirit! Let down de right foot ob Thy
power! Oh, Lord! mount de gray horse
ob Zion, an’ come down an’ stir us up wid
long poles.”

Just as a Brooklyn citizen called his five-
year-old son into the house, the other day,
a playmate gave the boy a slap in the face,
and he ran to his father for protection.
‘*My son,” said the fond father, ‘‘ when a
boy hits you hke that, you must always
strike back.” ‘‘Oh, papa, I did. I hit him
yesterday.”

Wuen old Mrs. Bunsby had got through
reading in the morning paper an account of
the last fire, she turned her spectacles from
her eyes to the top of her head and remark-
ed: ‘‘If the city firemen would wear the
genuine hum knit stockints, such as we make
and wear in the country, they wouldn’t bea
bustin’ of their hose at every fire.”

THE base-ball season has ended, and the
mellifiuous mouthings of the umpire, as he
manfully argues with the second-base man,«
are hushed. The arnica market is dull, an
the new wing for the hospital will not need
to be built for another season. The base
runner has ‘‘ got under” for the last time
(we wish some of them had), the home plate
and gota ‘‘slide,” “‘fiy” time has passed,
the has only batter in the land is in the
griddle-cake pan. The boys have earned
this run,

THK

CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN

AND MILLERS’, MANUFACTURERS’,
AND MINERS’ GAZETTE.

ISSUED SEMI-MONTHLY AT TORONTO, ONT,

A. BEGG, - Proprietor and Editor.

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Business Cards, Forms of Agreement, Bill Heads,
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Communications, orders and remittances, should
be addressed to A. Brag, LUMBERMAN Office, 33
Adelaide Street West, Toronto.

TORONTO, ONT., OCTOBER 30, 1880.

“Rome was not built in a day.” Our
patrons will kindly bear with the LuMBERMAN,
for a few weeks until fairly under way. In
the meantime sendin the subscriptions. We
have had to write out a number of receipts
and enjoy the exercise.

+*e@er

A NEW AND VALUABLE IN-
VENTION.

Mr. Finlay Ross, of Byng Inlet, has in-
vented and patented a gang of circular saws,
which will probably supersede the ordinary
stock gangs of upright saws. Mr. Ross can,
by a simple contrivance, arrange on one
mandril any required number of saws, which
may be taken off at pleasure, as easily as the
ordinary gang by shifting a key and coup-
ling, placed near a pulley at each end of the
mandril, The inventor claims that his gang
of circulars will cut a much larger quantity
of lumber than the usual gang, and that the
face will be smoother. Another advantage
claimed by Mr. Ross is, that as the saws are
arranged so as torun with the grain of the
timber they will cut easier and make smooth-
er work than the ordinary circular saw re-
volving against the grain of the log. The
logs are fed with press rollers in the ordinary
way. There seems to be a mine of wealth
in this simple invention, when fairly intro-

duced.

A WARNING.

A writer describing the lumbering opera-
tions on the Penobscot river, State of Maine,
refers to the City of Bangor, at the head of
navigation on that river. He says, Bangor
contains between 17,000 and 18,000 inhabit-
ants, and it never can grow larger. In the
past it has been noted for its immense lum-
ber trade, but now that business is rapidly
coming to a close. Up to 1872, lumbering
was carried on briskly at Bangor,—now a
large number of saw mills have discontinued
operations, and the humming of saws, the
puffing of tugs, the rafts cf logs and the
crowds of lumbermen which once frequented
them, are sights and sounds which are seen
and heard no more. Here was a region
settled in the latter part of the 18th century,
and lumbering had been its chief industry
for about 50 years. The axe of the lumber-
man and the saw of the mill had done their
work in depleting the forests of their grand
old trees,

Theriver, for miles, was lined with saw ils.
These mills so filled with animation, so lvcra-
tive to their proprietors, are now gone int» dis-
use. The haste and waste, with which te
forests were cut down and the timber sawn
into lumber, compelled the abandon:ncny

, and brought the growth of the city of Bangor

to a standstill.

THE MINERAL WEALTH OF
CANADA.

In every Province of the Dominion, dis-
coveries are frequently being made of gold,
silver, and a host of economic minerals.
Nova Scotia has for years been celebrated
for its gold bearing quartz. The latest
special item from that Province is that a fine
bar of gold from the Yarmouth Greenpot
mine has been shown to a St. John Tele-
graph reporter by Mr. Henderson, the
secretary of the company. It weighed 42
ounces—four ounces less than the last speci-
men from that mine exhibited, but is much
purer—and is worth in the neighhourhood of
$800. The company intend shortly putting
in machinery that will crush fifteen tons a
day instead of three as at present; this can
be done at but trifling cost, and with but

few additional hands, The prospects of this
mine are said to be excellent.

The Halifax Mail says.—The Tangier gold
field is being rapidly developed, and promises
to be one of the richest in the province, A
few days since a son of Mr. Timothy Archi-
bald, who owns and runs the line of staye-
coacbes that runs to the eastward, discover-
ed a lead near Salmon River, in the Tangier
district, which is thirty-three inches in
width, and from the indications given by
boulders on the surface, and by quartz taken
just below, will prove of unusual richness.
A company has been formered to work the
new mine, and operations will be vigorously
pushed. Another lead, thirty-six inches
wide, has also been recently discovered in
the same district. Surface samples that
have been taken out, crushed, and assayed
show an average yield of ten pennyweights
to the ton. A handsome brick of gold,
valued at $1,100, was shown us to-day. It
was taken from the mine at Moose river,
owned by Messrs. J. R. Johnson and W. G.
Cole. This mine is yielding very fair returns,
and this last cru-hing is the result of thirty
days’ work for five men.

From Pictou six thousand andtwenty tons

of coal were shipped last week, makingthe total

shipments to date 231,708, Following are the
figures :—Halifax, 171; Acadia, 1,106; In-
tercolonial, 2.259; Vale Co., 2,482; total
6,020. ‘Total to date—Halifax, 86,202 ; Aca-
dia Co., 46,791 ; Intercolonial Co., 49,627 ;
Vale Co., 46,082 ; total 231,708.

Word comes that the Lake George, N. B.,
Antimony Mining and Smelting Co. have
struck a large vein of silver ore, the speci-
mens shown being very rich. This miné is
employing from 25 to 50 persons, and has
made two shipments of very pure ore to Great
Britain lately ; and that Mr. Hibbard’s mine
has been sold to the Hibbard Antimony Min-
ing Company for $200,000, one half paid in
cash and the other half in the stock of the
company.

A large mineral belt has been discovered in
Cape Breton, between Marble Mountain and
Malawatch, in which gold, silver and copper
are found.

In the Province of Quebee, the discovery
of a gold nugget weighing six ounces is re-
ported from the Delery concession, River
Gilbert. My. Delery has formed a new com-
pany to work the precious metal, under the
name of the Hast Branch Gold Mining Com-
pany. Copper mining is also profitably car-
ried on in the Province.

A glance atthe Ottawa Valley shows, ac-
cording to a sketch recently furnished by Mr.
Garret, a trust-worthy geologist residing at
Ottawa, that a very large number of econo-
mic minerals are found in that valley. He
first refers to Apatite (phosphate of lime)
which is found in abundance in that region,
and as an economic fertilizer has developed
itself to such an extent as to claim the rank
of a staple and indispensable mineral. Year
by year it continues to be developed, and the
promise for the future is bright and substan-
tial.

Felspar isabundant, Mr. Garret thinks,
that as the grey variety which is important in
the manufacture of porcelain chinaware,
manufactures might be established with pro-
fit, for the production of ceramic materials.

Plumbago, in large deposits has been
discovered and worked. The ores are rich in
pure and “‘ dissimated” quality. Liberal
capital, labour aud patience have been ex-
pended to carry forward this valuable enter-
prise, to perfect the manufacture, and it is
acknowledged, in pencil work particularly,
equal, if not superior to the best European
stock.

Molybdenum—a new species of graphite
was recently discovered in the County of

Renfrew and is now being brought into a com-
mercial position for export. The mar-
ket is limited and only for exportation,
at $1, 000 per ton. Its proclivities for
location is mostly confined to the neighbour-
hood of iron and plumbago.

Mr,Garret,also mentions as products of the
Ottawa Valley, nickel, (oxide), manganese,
baryta, (sulphate of lime), asbestos, bog iron
ore, iron pyrites, antimony, celestine or ston-
tia, copper, iron ore. silver, gold, soap stone,
syenite, or granite, mica, marble, peat, and
marl. Mining in the Ottawa region gives
employment to a large number of men,

Iron mining is becoming a large industry
in Madoc, Marmora, and further westward in
the range of townships extending toward
Lake Superior.

Gold has been discovered near Perth, which
yields $128 tothe ton. The mine is situated
on a lot of one hundred acres, about seven-
teen miles from the town, and is the property
of W. Hicks, who, with several other gen-
tlemen, are arranging to develop: it.

The lake Superior region is well known to
be rich in silver, gold and copper.

From the region near the Lake of the
Woods, it is reported that Mr. E. Faye, an
engineer lately in the employ of the Pacific
Railway has found specimens of rich gold
bearing quartz. Some of the nuggets were
as large as peas, while in much of the quartz
the ‘‘flower gold” showed the glittering
particles profusely all through. Mr, Faye
reports the discovery of silver, copper and
asbestos. The mineral is found chiefly on
the rocky islands, which are interspersed
throughout the lake,

Those discoveries were made near Rat
Portage. Mr, Faye has obtained 25 cents’
worth of gold from three-fourths of a pound
of ore, which 1s equal to $666 per ton, and
there is every reason to believe that the gold
mines in the that section will pan out fully
as well as its discoverers are led to believe.

In the North-west Territories coal is found
in abundance; and towards the Rocky
Mountains, gold in sufficient paying quanti-
ties has been already obtained. Passing on
to British Columbia—that Province is rich
in gold, silver and other valuable minerals.

When to this is added our salt and petrol-
eum springs, it is evident that the Dominion
of Canada has, within itself, enough mineral
wealth which only needs development, to
add immensely to the producing industries
of the country.

a

NOTES FROM GHORGIAN BAY.

Last week we intended visiting the saw
mills at Midland and vicinity before they
closed down for the season, but found that
time did not permit the trip to be extended
farther than the Waubaushene and Severn
mills. The latter mills closed on Thursday,
the 2lst inst., to allow the men to go to
camp for winter operations, The past sea-
son’s work at the Severn mills has been sat-
isfactory. There is yet on hand in the mill
yard about 6 million feet of lumber. Pro-
bably about 3 million feet of this will be
transferred to Waubaushene docks before
the close of navigation. The Waubaushene
mills were in full operation, and likely to
continue at work for two weeks yet or long-
er, as a further supply of logs is expected,
The mills are situate at the mouth of Mat-
chedash Bay, on the Midland Railway,
which has six tracks running through the
mill yard, and a leading track extending
along the dock, where barges unload lumber
intended to be conveyed by railway from
the Severn mills, about four miles distant.
This extensive and complete establishment,
which gives employment to over 150 men,
during the summer season, is a pattern of
neatness and convenience. A church and
schoolhouse have been erected by the Com-
pany (Hon. W. Hodge & Co,, New York,)
for the accommodation of the workmen,
Similar accommodation is provided by the
Company av the Severn mills, which also
gives employment to over 150 men. The
Company have also erected a large building,
with 26 bedrooms, for the use of parties
having business to transact at the mills, as
well as for transient travellers. This is
named ‘‘The Dunkin House,” which, as its
name indicates, is a temperance hotel. The
temperance principle extends over the whole

Company’s works, it being astipulation with
employees, when engaged, that they shall
abstain from intoxicating drinks while in the
Company’s service. The present landlord of
“‘the Dunkin House,” is Mr Perkins,
measurer and culler. He keeps an excellent
house, at the ordinary charge of $1.00 per
day.

It may be noticed here that the Waubau-
shene establishment is head quarters of
several extensive saw mills on the East
coast of the Georgian Bay, incorporated about
ten years ago, at the instance of the Hon.
Mr. Dodge, of New York, and others, under
the names of the Collingwood Lumber
Co. (at present under the management of
Mr. D. G. Cooper;) the Georgian Bay
Lumber Co., (including the Waubaushene
and Severn Mills, under the management of
Mr. T. W. Buck ;) the Parry Sound Lumber
Co. (mills at Parry Sonnd, since sold to J.
C. Miller, Esq.,) and the Maganetawan
Lumber Co., under the management of Mr.
J. H. Buck. The general supervision of
the whole concern is vested in Mr. T. W.
Buck, Waubaushene, who has proved himself
a very capable manager. We had not the
pleasure of seeing Mr, Buck on this trip.

Besides the powerful propeller Maganet-
awan and the tug Hayes, the Company bave
a handsome steam yacht, which when in
port is protected from the weather by an
enclosed shed built alongside the dock.
Preparations are being made to have another
steam tug, 90 feet keel, built this winter.

Each establishment belonging to the Com-
pany is provided with a well-appointed ma-
chine shop, so that everything is kept in the
very best repair. The manager’s residence
—a handsome mansion—is built on a rising
ground, a short distance south, commarding
a complete view of the bay and mills. The
office and general store are near by the mills,
and together with the workmen’s residences,
make quite a village, Every branch of the
work is thoroughly systematized, so that,

for instance, if a sale of lumber is made, the

manager can tell, from the reports sent in to
him, where a certain pile stands, its quality,
etc., without leaving his office.

To give some idea of the extent of the

business done at this place, it may be stated
that one day lately there were one hundred
aud six cars of lumber and square timber in
the yard consigned to points over the Mid-
land Railway, principally for eastern mar-
kets.

Wages during the summer range from $25
to $35 per month—paid, the workmen say,
promptly and regularly. In the woods at
present, wages range from $15 to $18, so
that the rate during winter, with board, is
equal to the summer rate, without board.

Towards Midland, along the railway, are
Tanner’s mills and Christie’s mills, each of a
capacity of turning out 25,000 to 30,000 feet
per day, and Power's mills,—eapacity 75,-
000 feet per day,

On the Midland Railway, towards Onillia,
is Mr. Ross’s mill, at Fesserton, about two
miles east of Waubaushene, This mill has
acapacity of about 25,000 feet per day.

At Coldwater is the shingle mill of Mr.
Lovering, and jthat of Messrs, Hall & Co,
They turn outa large quantity of shingles
each year.

At the Alma station, another mill ha
just been put up by Messrs. Wyley & Tait.
When it is completed, which it will be in a
month or six weeks, its capacity will be
25,000 feet daily, besides two shingle ma-
chines, capable of cutting 40,000 per diem,
There is also a Jath machine attached. Mr,
Wylcy will have the management of the
working of the establishment, and as there
is a cocd supply of timber convenient, will
be likely to make the concern pay well,

A little farther east is Mr. Haddin’s mill,
and at Utoff station, another mill, ran by

Mr. Overend, both are doing a good busi-
ness, Although the woods in the neighbor-
hood were worked over by lumbermen ten
years ago, there will be found enough tim-
ber to keep these mills running for eight or
ten years yet. Reaching Orillia, we come
to Andrew Tait’s mills, with a capacity of
25,000, and two shingle machines of a capa_
city of 40,000 per diem, A local paper, re-
cently referring to this mill, says :—

Mr. Tait came here some fourteen or fif-
teen years ago, and started a little shingle
mill on the premises still occupied by him,
and by industry, perseverance, and business
tact he has succeeded in bringing up his
trade to its present dimensions. Visiting
the establishment a few days ago, we found
a large number of workmen employed in the
various departments of bringing up timber
to the saws, to be cut into boards, shingles,
and square timber, measuring, piling, ship-
ping, etc., the machinery used enabling the
men to do their work with great despatch,
But though Mr. Tait does an extensive lum-
ber business in his own mills (for he has
several), yet he passes, possibly, as much
through his hands as an agent, and thereby
considerably increases his income. It is in
this way of turning over large quantities of
stuff, rather than by large profits that Mr.
Tait makes money, for, after all, the large
profits talked of in the lumbering trade, are
more imaginary than real.

OUR QUEBEC LETTER.

THE LUMBER TRADE—THE GREAT SALE OF

CROWN LANDS—ENGAGING MEN FOR THE

SHANTIES—NEXT YEAR’S SUPPLY—PRICES
CURRENT.

QuEBEC, 25th Oct.—The most important
event in the timber trade since the date of
my last letter, is undoubtedly the recent
great sale of timber limits by the Crown
Lands of the Local Government. It is an
encouraging sign to those engaged in lumber,
that the prices obtained were much higher

' than have been paid for many years past.
Nor can these prices be attributed in my
estimation to any sudden excitement in the
minds of buyers from the competition of the
auction, or even from extravagant and spec-
ulative anticipations of further improvement
in trade. The attendance at the sale in-
cluded all the best known lumbermen
from the districts of the Ottawa, Three
Rivers, Quebec, and St. John N. B. The
purchasers were principally found to be of
the most cautious, conservative, and ex-
perienced operators of the country, Most of
them had either personally investigated the
limits upon which they bid, or possessed
confidential information from explorers em-
ployed by them. Close observers at the sale
noticed that some of the lots sold were
knocked down to parties, who were un-

* doubtedly buying for leading capitalists sit-
ting near them, Several of such were pre-
sent; — well-known business men, who
though not actually engaged in lumbering
operations themselves, have been in the
habit of advancing large amounts to
those actually engaged in the trade.
Larger prices than would have been
otherwise realized, were doubtless in

some degree obtained by the prevalence of
the impression that the pine limits offered at
this anction were amongst the iast really
first class wooded lands remaining in the
hands of the Government of Quebec. Three
hundred and forty-five dollars a mile is un-
doubtedly a big price, but there are in the
trade very few who would care to insinuate
that the money paid for the lands in block
“A” of the Upper Ottawa Agency is tco
high. If the reports of the railway survey-
ing party which explored this portion of the
forest some ten years ago are to be credited,
most of the purchasers of these lots will
realize fortunes out of them. For some few
years to come they can of course look for no
return, their lumber being in the main,
quite inaccessible. The Federal Government
will have to be looked to, for improvements
in the streams; but as the pine becomes more
scarce, these improvements will have to be
) maAe as a matter of course. It is too, hy no

.

means improbable, that some of these lands
will be partially opened up by the contem-
plated extensions of the various lines of rail-
ways in the district of Ottawa,

THE CANADA

Speaking of
railways reminds me of the fact that several
operators in the Ottawa district are seeking
to make terms with

THE Q. M. 0. AND O. R. Re

for the conveyance of their lumber to Quebec
next season, by this line, instead of by water.
I do not think it necessary to give here
the prices obtained and the names of the
purchasers at the Local Government sale of
timber limits, since they have all been pub-
lished in the daily papers. The Provincial
Treasury has been swelled by the sale
to the extent of some $262,000. Whether
or not the Honorable Commissioner of Crown
Lands has served the interests of Quehec’s
future by throwing all these valuable lots
into the market together, will be judged of
better hereafter than now. The trade has

(certainly no ground of complaint in the

matter, since no one apprehends another
glut in the market.

SHANTYMEN,

The local timber brokers and agents of
western lumbermen are busy engaging
shantymen. This isa much less easy matter
this fall than it has been for some years
past. Fortunately for themselves, and con-
sequently for general business, the number
of unemployed workmen is now much
less than it has ever been since the com-
mencement of the late financial depreg-
sion. Some hundreds of men _ have
been already sent to the bush from this
city and ninety more leave to-night. Of
these, the greatest number are bound for the
oak forests of Ohio and Michigan. Wages
run from $24 per month for hewers to $45
and $46 for broad axe men. Almost all of
this batch are French Canadians. After
this date it will be difficult to engage many
many more shantymen here this winter.

SALES AND PRICES CURRENT.

Within the past week orc ten days a great
many sales have been made for future
delivery. Something like 500,000 feet of
oak have been sold in various lots at the
undermentioned prices :—

Oak, Ohio, 70 feet, average... .50 cents.

‘* Michigan, 60ft. ‘‘ ....48 cents.
‘¢ Canada, 60 ft. sc 45 cents,

Nothing has been done here in pipe staves
since the date of my last Jetter. Quotations
remain as before. For West India, white
oak—$80 can be had on contract.

West India, red oak, could be sold 1}
thick, for $74.

Board pine, 20 inch string, 33 cents. A
quantity has been contracted for at this
price.

In elm and birch there is nothing doing.
Hickory, 45 feet average, commands 32
cents per cubic foot,

Black walnut is scarce and in demand.

Western ash, 14 inches and upwards, 32
cents.
MINING NOTES.

Mining intelligence just now is almost ni/,
The rights of the Canada Gold Mining Co.
in Beauce have been bought up by Mr. De
Lery and others, who are forming themselves
into anew Co. A large development is looked
for next year in the phosphate industry, owing
to Canada’s wealth in that direction having
attracted the favourable attention of French
capitalists.

THE CREDIT FONCIER.

The capital stock of this institution has all
been subscribed in France, and Mr. Thors,
Assistant Manager of the Bank of Paris has
arrived here to enquire into the resources of
the country and report upon the advisability
of increasing the capital to 50,000,000 francs.
Money is certainly cheap enough here at
present, but this influx of foreign capital
wiil doubtless cause a further reduction of
one to wwo per cent.

THE SEASON OF NAVIGATION.
will be closed here in about a fortnight-
Already the ship labourers are leaving to
seek employment for the winter in the
southern ports.
STADACONA,

The Brockville lumber shippers have pre-
sented a beautiful epergne to Mr. J. A,
McKinnon,

Mr. Milne, of the township of Scarboro’,
whose saw mill was destroyed by fire last
week, estimates his loss at $22,000, on which
the insurance is only $2,000. He will com-
mence re-building at once,

LUMBERMAN.

OUR PARRY SOUND LETTER.

ACTIVE OPERATIONS—SHIPPING—STEAM BAK~-

GES—LUMBER CAMPS.
Parry Sound, Oct. 23, 1880.

The season’s operations, as far as sawing
is concerned, are drawing to a close, but yet
considerable remains to be done. ‘To expe-
dite shipping, J. C. Miller, Exq., M. P. P.,
has purchased a steam barge and schooner
rigged consort. They will carry about
700,000 feet of lumber, each trip, and left
this week with a full cargo for Tonawanda.

Men are at work in the woods getting out
next season’s stock,

The Ontario Bank is estimated to take out
seven million feet direct, this ensuing
winter, and three millions under contract by
Messrs. S. & J. Armstrong, of McKellar,
lumber jobbers.

J. C. Miller, Parry Sound Lumber Co.,
will take out with his own men about ten
million feet, and per Messrs. Armstrong,
three millions, which is about the same quan-
tity he took out last winter.

The Maganetewan Lumber Co., Byng In-
let, (J. H. Buck, Manager), will, with their
own men, take out about eight million, and
by Messrs, Armstrong, in the Townships of
McKenzie, Hagerman, Ferrie and Croft,
about six millions. Mr. Isaac Cockburn
will take out about five million feet for the
same company, via Doe Lake, and Magan-
etawan River.

Mr. Wm. Beattie, Parry Sound, will take
out with his own men about three million,
in the Township of McDougall, and by
Messrs. Armstrong, in the Township of
McKellar, about one million.

Mr. O. F. Wright, of Barrie, is operat-
ing in the Townships of McKellar, Mc-
Dougall and Smith taking out pine. He

also has a gang of men at work
taking out oak. The oak after being drawn
to Parry Sound on sleighs, will be shipped
thence by water without transhipment to
Quebec.

Mr, Wright has two gangs of men at work
taking down board timber by the Shawanaga
river.

Mr. Lewis Stiller, is also taking out three
million feet, by the same river, for Mr.
Beck, of Penetang.

Operations are also progressing in Moon
river.

Mr. Neagle is taking out board timber on
South river emptying into Lake Nipissing,
this will come by French river, the first raft
by that route came down last season.

Messrs. McDougall & Smith are operating
on the north shore of Lake Nipissing where
there is some fine timber.

Messrs. Armstrong have five camps, with
about 120 men at work.

Wages range at from $12 to $18 per month,
hewers from $35 to $40.

SEGUIN.

FROM MIRAMICHI.

Our Chatham, Miramichi, correspondent
states that shipping continues brisk from
the different stations on the Miramichi river.
Notwithstanding the large number of logs
‘hung up” but very few ships have been
delayed in loading.

The stocks of deals at the different mills
are much less than they have been for many
years, and there are yet expected to arrive,
some 15 or 20 vessels, which will still fur-
ther reduce the winter stock. Had all last
winter’s logs been brought to the mills and
been sawed up, the stock remaining to be
held over would fall far short of what it has
been for many seasons past. The lumber

trade has never been better than at present
here,

Large numbers of logging parties have
been in the woods for s\ me time, and many
are just preparing to go (Oct, 22nd.) Log-
ging will be carried on more extensively this
winter than last, but our merchants will
have to act with great caution in making
contracts owing to the uncertainty of getting
logs to market thesame season they are cut.

This arises from the fact that the greater
portion of the logs are row cut on a emall
stream far from the main waters of the Mira-
michi, and in spring especially, when there
is not much snow, as was the case last
winter, the water is so scarce that thousands
have to remain until the fall rains.

About 10,000,000 feet of last month’s loge
are expected at the rafting ground this week,
some of which may be down to the mills
next week, but few of them will likely be
cut this fall, if not absolutely required to
make up cargoes.

_ ae nm - 2 oe

The recent rains have caused St. Johnriver
to rise five feet, and the gain of loge at Grand
Falls has been in consequence broken. A
considerable quantity of timber has also been
set free on the Miramichi river.

A younc Mecklenburg noble went recent-
ly to Monaco with an old family servant, and
won at a sitting 360,000. Judge his amaze-
ment when on the next morning the old and
trusted servant was nowhere to be found,
having fled and taken the money with him.
The man, it was presently discovered, had
taken the money to thetyoung noble’s home,
that it might be safely out of harm’s way.

EID & CO., WHOLESALE LUM-
BER DEALERS. Lumber, lath, shingles, &=.
Car lots to suit customers. Best culls in the mar-
ket fur from $6 to $7 per M.
Orrick ox Dock—Esplanade,
Street, Toronto.

foot of Sherbourne
Zin

DISSOLUTION OF PARTNERSHIP.
HE PARTNERSHIP HERETO-

FORE existing between Gro. Bencouen and Wm.
DINGMAN, as Machinery Brokers, has this day been
dissolved by mutual consent. Al! accounts will be
settled, and the business carried on by Geo. Ben-
gough under the name and style of Wm. Dingman &
Co,

Gzo Bxncoues,
Wm. Dixeman,
Witness : Ep, E. Kine.

LAUDER & THORNTON MFC.CO.

MANUFACTURERS OF

SteamGatges, Vacium Ganges

ENGINEERS’ & PLUMBERS’ BRASS GOODS, &c.
98 Adelaide Street East, Toronto.

Steam Gauges correctly tested and repaired.

2-5in
Ontario Agricultural College.

TENDER FOR COAL.

Sealed Tenders will be received by the under-
signed until the evening of Friday, the 5th of No-
vember. for the following supplies for the Ontario
Agricultural Coll-ge, Guelph :—

200 TONS SOFT COAL.

50 TONS HARD COAL.
The Stove coal to be Scranton or Pittston. The
tenderer to name varieties ani prices of Soft coals.
Coal to be well screened, and free from slack, and to
be delivered satisfactorily at the Institution as re-
quired during the month of November. For forms
and conditions of tender apply to

JAMES MILLS,
President.

Guelph, Oct. 23rd, 1880.

Andrew Mercer Ontario Reforma-
tory for Females.

Tender for Labour of Inmates

Offers addressed to the undersigned will be re-
ceived up to noon of

WEDNESDAY, 10th NOVEMBER,

for leasing for a term of five years the labour of
fifty or more of the adultfemale prisoners committed
to the REFORMATORY FOR FEMALES, TORON-
TO, together with the requisite amount .f shop
space, properly heated and lighted, which is all the
Government will furnish.

Tenderers will require to state the number of
prisoners required, the exact nature of the industry
it is proposed to carry on, and the amount of shop-
room required. The highest or any tender not ne-
eessarily accepted.

The shops and premises may be seen any day, be-
tween the hours of twoand five p.m., and any fur-
ther information may be obtained from the under-
signed.

J. W. LANGMUIR,

Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities.

Parliament Buildings,
Toronto, 26th Oct., 1880.

2

10

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

King of the Cannibal Islands.
A TALK WITH THE GOVERNOR OF THE ISLANDS
OF FIJI.

The newly-appointed governor of the Fiji

islands, George W. Des Vceaux, and staff

rrrived from England a few days since, He
left this city yesterday en route for the Fiji
island. A reporter for the Graphic called
upon Gov. Veaux at the Fifth avenue hotel
and obtained much interesting information
concerning that almost unknown and great-
ly misrepresented group of islands. Of the
present condition of the Fijis and their com-
mercial relations with other countries the
governor said he could speak from person-
al knowledge, having spent many months
there. ;

“To begin with,” he said, ‘‘I will say
that the natives are no longer cannibals, but
all of them are civilized and Christians, The
islands since 1874 have been under British
rule, the ex-King Cakoban having ceded his
domains to Queen Victoria, only asking in
return that England take future control of
them. Since that time great prosperity has
been the result. Our farmers received the
gold medal at the Centennial exhibition, the
Paris exhibition, and at the Sydney exhibi-
tion for Sea Island cotton. They also took
the gold medal for coffee at the late Sydney
exhibition. The growth of cotton has only
been recently introduced on the islands, but
is making great strides, In the production
of sugar much progress has been made, and
in the next few years large crops will be ex-
ported, A Sydney corporation has recently
invested £150,000 in sugar plantations, and
it is expected that other companies will fol-
low, the climate being excellent for the
growth of sugar cane. There are many
thousands of acres of land on the larger is-
lands set apart for the production of cocoa
nuts, and quite a trade has been established
with the Sydney and Australian colonies,
The copra, which is really the meat of the
cooanut, is valuable and turned into oil.
The coffee yield in the third year after plan-
tation is excellent and has, in many in-
stances, flowered in the second year, The
labour market is all that is needed. The
government does not encourage the employ-
ment of native labour at a distance
from their homes, as it tends to decrease
the population of the Islands. Abun-
dant labour can be obtained through the
government from the Solomon islands and
New Hebrides at a very cheap rate. The
cost to the planter with food is less than ls.
per day. Emigration has lately been started
with the Indian colonies, so as to provide
for any demand that may be made by reason
of the extra cultivation of land. ‘These la-
bourers are generally engaged for three
years, and receive their pay at one time, at
the end of the contract, which cannot exceed
that period. Then they are sent home, and
if they choose to return they can do so after
a limited time. ‘hey are paid through the
government, and the only cost to the planter
in the three years is the price of the importa-
tion and return of the men,

“Trade, in various commercial produc-
tions, is growing rapidly, and in the next
year or two it is expected to be still more
enlarged. The revenue returns, before the
Islands were ceded to the English govern-
ment, amounted to about £13,000. In 1878,
after four years of the present administra-
tion, the returns footed up £70,000, and
last year £90,000. The white population
now numbers a little over 2,000, and the
native 100,000. Last year the births ex-
ceeded the deaths to a large degree. The
area of the Islands is about 80,000 acres, and
the inhabited part is greater than the whole
of the West Indies. The largest and repre-
sentative island is Fiti Levu, about the size
of Jamaica, and the second of importance,
Suva, similar to that of Porto Rico, The
climate is wonderfully good for that of a
tropical country, and there is an utter ab-
sence of malarial fever, the only disease be-
ing dysentery, occasioned by poor living,
and drinking to excess. The natives are by
no means of an indolent disposition as one
would imagine. A large number of them
employ themselves in cultivating cotton or
cocoanuts on their own account, and as a
whole, are a peaceable race, There are no
European soldiers on the islands outside of
those attached to the government depart-
ment, The Islands are divided into ten pro-
vinces, and each is governed by a sub-gover-
nor, or roka, as they are termed. These are
assisted by the advice of a Huropean magis-
trate. They make a return of about £20,000
to the government yoarly on account of
expenses. The colony is self-supporting,
and pays for a mail between Sydney and
Viti Levu.

‘Cannibalism is a thing of the past. No
more of it is seen or ever will be heard of
again. The natives have become Christians
through the agency of the Wesleyan
churches and the Roman Catholic mission-
aries. In 1876 there were some ten thou-
sand cannibals, who chiefly resided in the
mountainous interior of the Viti Levu.
They committed serious outrages upon the
coast natives, and to-day all of them are as
peacable and as loyal as one could wish them
to be, ite

Bathing.

It is important to recognize that the only
virtues of water as used by the bather are
two—namely, its value as a cleansing agent,
and as a surface stimulant. In this last ca-
pacity it simply acts as a medium affecting
the temperature of the part to which it is
applied, or which is immersed in it. Right
views of the fact in reference to this matter
are important, as there can be no question
that some persons overrate the uses of cold
water, and run considerable risks in their
pursuit of them. Every beneficial action
that can be exerted by a bath is secured by
simply dipping in the sea, or a very moder-
ate affusion of cold water! Except in cases
of high fever, when it is desired to reduce
the heat of the body by prolonged contact
with cold, a bath of any considerable dura-
tion is likely to be injurious, Then, again,
it is necessary to recognize the risk of sud-
denly driving the blood from the surface in
upon the organs. The *‘ plunge,” or ‘‘dip,”
or ‘‘shower,” or ‘‘douche,” is intended to
produce a momentary depression of the tem-
perature of the surface in the hope of ocea-
sioning a reaction which will bring the
blood back to the surface with increased vi-
gour, and almost instantly. If this return
does not take place ; if, in a word, redness
of the skin is not a very rapid consequence
of the immersion, it is impossible that the
bath can have been useful, and in nine cases
out of ten, when the surface is left white or
cold, it does harm. The measure of value is
the redness which ensues promptly after the
bath, and this reaction should be produced
without the need of much friction, or the
bath is not worth taking.

Water Telescopes for Watching the
Movements of Fish.

I have read somewhere a good account of
water telescopes. I think it is in Galton’s
*¢ Art of Travelling,” which is full of infor-
mation. I also, when a student, read of
there being used on some engineering work.
I think it was during the improvement of
the Thannon over thirty years ago. The
principle is that you can see plainly to a great
depth in water, especially if the bottom of
the sea or river is of a light colour, if the sur-
face is perfectly smooth. Ona perfectly calm
day, when the surface of the sea was like a
mirror, 1 have seen scallops netted at Port
Magee, Valencia, in from three to four fa-
thoms of water, and on other occasions, on the
west coast I have plainly studied the bottom
of the sea to a far greater depth, while fisher-
men have told me that on such calm days
they have seen the bottom in over forty or
fifty fathoms. Such calm days are of rare
occurrence, and if there is the least ripple on
the surface you cannot see into the water.
The use of the telescope, therefore, is to get
below the disturbed surface into solid water.
I made a water-telescope that I found very
effective. It was a tin map case, about three
inches in diameter, and about three and a half
feet long. I took off the top and knocked out
the bettom, and looked through the tube
when the end was about a foot, or a foot and
a half below the surface. I had no glass in it,
but a glass might be an advantage, as it
would keep a column of air in the tube, and
thus prevent the water oscillating in it. I
would like to know to what depth the Nor-
wegian fishermen can see. The water in their
fiords is very clear, like the water off the
west coast of Ireland, into which you can see,
for much greater depths than into the water
off the east coast. In fact, when the tide is
on ‘‘ flow” in the Irish Sea it is rarely. possi-
ble that you can see down into it anywhere
within half a mile of the coast, as the ‘‘tidal
current” and the usual ‘* ground swell” keep
it dirty. On this account I am afraid the
telescope might not be as effective as it ought
to be in the localities mentioned by Dr.
Buckland.

ee

THE French Government has cut off the
usual allowance of 8,000 f. or 10,000f. to the
Reformed Chureh of France for the forma-
tion of new parishes. The Chambers will
be asked to renew the grant,

The Sound of Thunder.

The next remarkable feature of the storm
is the thunder, corresponding, of course, on
the large scale, to the snap of an electric
spark. Here we are on comparatively sure
ground, for sound is much more thoroughly
understood than is electricity. We speak
habitually and without exaggeratiou of the
crash of thunder, the rolling of thunder, and
of a peal of thunder ; and various other terms
will suggest themselves to you as being aptly
employed in different cases, All of these
are easily explained by known properties of
sound. The origin of the sound is, in all
cases, to be be looked for in the instantane-
ous and violent dilatation of the air along
the track of the lightning-flash, partly, no
doubt, due to the disruptive effects of elec-
tricity of which I have already spoken, but
mainly due to the excessive rise of tempera-
ture which renders the air for a moment so
brilliantly incandescent. There is thus an
extremely sudden compression of the air all
round the track of the spark, and a less sud-
den, but still rapid, a 3 of the air into the
partial vacuum which it produces. Thus
the sound-wave produced must at first be of
the nature of a bore or breaker. But as
such a state of motion is unstable, after pro-
ceeding a moderate distance the sound be-
comes analogous to other loud but less violent
sounds, such as those of the discharge of
guns. Were there few clouds, were the air
of nearly universal density, and the flash a
sport one, this would completely deseribe
the phenomenon, and we should haye a
thunder crash or thunder clap, according to
the greater or less proximity of the seat of
discharge. But, as has long been well
known, not merely clouds but surfaces of
separation of masses of air of different densi-
ty, such as constantly occur in thunder
storms, reflect vibrations in the air A and thus
we may have many successive echoes,
longing the original sound. But thes is
another cause, often more efficient than
these. When the flash is a long one, all its
parts being nearly equidistant from the
observer, he hears the sound from all these
parts simultaneously ; but if its parts be at
very different distances from him, he hears
successively the sounds from portions fur-
ther and further distant from him. If the
flash be much zig-zagged, long portions of
its course may run at one and the same dis-
tance from him, and the sounds from these
arrive simultaneously at his ear, Thus we
have no difficulty in accounting for the roll-
ing and pealing of thunder, It is, in fact, a
mere consequence, sometimes of the reflec-
tion of sound, sometimes of the finite veloci-
ty with which it is promulgated. The usual
rough estimate of five seconds toa mile is
near enough to the truth for all ordinary
calculation of the distance of a flash from
the observer. The extreme distance at
which thunder is heard is not great, when
we consider the frequent great intensity of
the sound. No trustworthy observation
gives in general more than about 9 or 10
miles, though there are cases in which it is
possible that it may have been heard 14
miles off. But the discharge of a single
cannon is often heard at 50 mile, and the
noise of a siege or naval engagement has
certainly been heard at a distance of much
more than a hundred miles, There are two
reasons for this: the first depends upon the
extreme suddenness of the Ey of
thunder; the second, and perhaps the most
effective, on the excessive variations of
density in the atmosphere, which are invari-
ably associated with a thunder-storm. In
certain cases thunder has been propagated,
for moderate distances from its apparent
source, with a velocity far exceeding that of
ordinary sounds. This used to be attributed
to the extreme suddenness of its production ;
but it is not easy, if we adopt this hypothe-
sis, to see why it should not occur in all
cases. Sir W. Thomson has supplied a very
different explanation, which requires no un-
usual velocity of sound, because it asserts
the production of the sound simultaneously
at all parts of the air between the ground
and the cloud from which the lightning is
discharged.

—_—_—o + eer Oo

Mr. Mackay, the Bonanza millionaire, is
said to have become morose and suspicious,
so many adventurers and impostors having

racticed on him that he has lost faith in
uman nature,

Ir makes a mother’s heart revert to her
younger days when she comes into the par-
lour next morning after her daughter's beau
has been round, and finds only one chair in
front of the fireplace aud the others sitti
along the wall as if they hadn’t been touch
for three years,

Big Farms on the Pacific Coast.

The ‘‘ Mammoth Farm,” of the Blacklock
Wheat Growing Company of Washi
Territory, comprises 60,000 acres of
land, of which 25,000 acres are fenced.
Ground has beea broken for a crop which is
expected to foot up between 300,000 and

year.
sacks, each holding 140 Pe but at
reports they promised to be unequal to the
task of holding the crop. Dr. Glenn has his
own machine shops, blacksmith shop, saw
and planing mills, etc. He manufactures
his own waggons, separators, headers, har-
rows, and nearly all the machinery and im-
ements used. He has employed 50 men in
seeding and 150 in harvest, 200 head
horses and mules, 55 grain headers and other
we is, 150 sets of nea a eee
aders, 5 sulky hay
mule cultivators, 4 Gem seed sowers,

&

Buckeye drills, 8 mowers, 1 forty-eight inch

=a 36 feet long and 134 feet high,
a capag@pby of 10 bushels minute ; 1
forty-inch separator, 36 feet ; 2 forty-
feet elevators for self-feeder, 1 steam barley

or feed mill, and 2 twenty horse power
engines. The forty-eight iach
thrashed, on the 8th of August, 1879, 5,779
bushels of wheat.
ee
Hysteria.

Hysteria is by no means confined to wo-

men, for one of the worst attacks which I

have witnessed occurred in a man.

gentleman one day found he had lost his all,
and on returning home, he became the
victim of laughing and crying, until sheer
exhaustion brought an end to the attack.
‘was quite involuntary. But it —

be remarked that even in hysteria a
ig as fashion prevails, showing that a
power of restraint may used,

I wasa boy, hysteria was the fashion ;

and if during conversation any remark
made to touch a lady’s sensibilities,
would clinch her Mess os

Hh

f

:

throwing cold water over her face ;
this encroached on her neck or
dress, the cure was very sudden
plete. During church service, it
usual practice to have a young lad
out; but I think asa rule she

an inferior class, whose kind of work
the week did not allow them to
making tricks with themselves on
day ; for if I remember rightly the cure
effected in their case by the call for
knife, This was used to loosen the
armor, when a loud explosion
followed by a deep sigh anda
covery of the patient. So fashionable
fainting or hysterics in ch that I have
a lively remembrance of a young lady
had a weekly attack, and was o
out by a gentleman in the next pew.
these two were atterward married, I
hend that this was one mode of courtship. I
am only too thankful to think, for the
of other people, that this method of
matrimony has gone out,

B
BE

é
F

Te!

Z

Disappearance of a Railway Train.

a For a railwa pie to a entirely

isa) » wo seem to ost impos-
ie cee this curious casualty has actually
happened in the United States to the Kan-
sas Pacific Railway, which has y ame $2500
in searching for the runaway, and hasat last
given it up in despair. About 100 miles
west of Kansas city, the line runs a
place called Monatony, which was visited
some time agoby a terrible storm and water-
spout, over 600 feet of track having been
washed away. The adjacent neighbour-
hood, which consisted of huge i i
rie, was eight feet under water,
hare pag —— locomotive ‘
uckily not being a passenger train) were
carried away and buried under a landslip.
This is the second time of such an occur-
rence, an engine having been lost in a quick-
sand at Kiown Creek in 1818.

“How musically his hoof-beats sound !”
exclaimed an enthusiastic lover of the turf,
as St. Julien speeded around the course at
Brighton last week. ‘‘ Yes,” replied his
matter-of-fact companion; ‘‘he is beating
time,

A New Oil Monopoly.

A very powerfnl combination of western
capitalists has obtained control of the oil
producing country of California discovered
up tothe present time, which consists of a
section of ths Coast Range mountains, five
hundred and fifty miles in length, stretching
from Santa Cruz to Santa Barbara and two
hundred thousand acres. For four years the
work of examining the region by experts
has been going on and is now completed,
and every spot giving indication of oil has
been secured. Part of the region was gov-
ernment lands and part of it has been leased
for twenty years from farmers and ranch own-'
ers who had obtained possession. During
the last twelve years three parts of the oil-
bearing region have been partly developed by
various men, and the present monopoly is
the result of successful combination of the
original owners, who finally sold their inter-
ests to the three leading men: C. N. Felton,
ex-Assistant United States Treasurer, and
one of California’s large capitalists ; Lloyd
Teyis the president of Wells, Fargo & Co.
Express and Bank, and D. G, Scofield.
They have formed the Pacific Coast Oil Com-
pany, and under its control the California
oil country promises to be one of the great
important oilproducing regions of the world,
During the last sixmonths rapid strides have
been made in developing the region. Wells
haye been sunk which show excellent re-
snlts, machinery bought, works and refineries
constructed, pipe lines laid, barrel and cask
factories built, and with unlimited capital
enormous negotiations are effected for the
equipment in every respect ofa gigantic busi-
ness enterprise, which is probably destined
to exert a strong influence upon the Penn-
sylvania district, and upon all existing oil
markets.

A short time ago Messrs. Felton, Tevis,
and Scofield bought the entire stock of the
company, and now have sole control of the
business. About twenty one ‘‘rigs” for
drilling are now in process of construction,
and the deyelopment of the country will be
pushed as quickly as money can push it. The
last well which has been drilled was a fifty
barrel pumping wellin the Santa Cruz district,
which was struck last week. The company
now has sixteen wells down in the region
which yield three hundred barrels daily, and
new wells are begun nearly every day. The
average per centum of lubricating oil gained
from the crude is seventy-five per centum,
which is alarge average. The home market
at the present time absorbs all the oil that
the country can produce, bnt the amount
produced will soon run beyond the capacity
of the home market, which includes Califor-
nia, Nevada, and Oregon.

Touching the markets which the Pacific
Company claims for their oil, a few facis will
suggest the condition under which these men
enter into competition, with eastern oil pro-
ducers in the United States. California, Ore-
gon, and Nevada together consume 3,500,000
gallons yearly. Japan, which is from five
to six months sail ‘‘ around the horn” from
New York, and thirty-five days’ sail from
San Francisco, consumes 15,000,000 gallons
a year, China, which is fifty days’ sail from
San Francisco,and Japan consumes 5,000,000
gallons a year ; Jaya, sixty days from San
Francisco, and five or six months from New
York, consumes 5,000,000 gallons a year, and
Mexico, Australia, and the Sandwich Islands,
each large consumers, are also advantageous-
ly situated for the California trade,

Last year the production of the Pennysl-
vania region was nearly 20,000,000 barrels.
Nearly all the oil sent to China, and Japan
from this part of the United States,is carried
o ship around the Horn and the Cape of

Hope. The shorter voyage from Cali-
fornia is an immense advantage to the new
monopoly.

Fasting Horses.

To determine the capacity of horses to
undergo the privations incident to a state of
siege, a series of experiments were made
with these animals in Paris, some years ago,
The experiments proved (1) that a horse can
hold out for twenty-five days without any
solid nourishment, provided it is supplied
with sufficient and good drinking water. (2)
A horse can barely hold out for five days
without water. (3) If a horse is well fed
for ten days, but insufficiently provided
with water throughout the same period, it
will not outlive the eleventh day. One
horse, from which water had been entirely
withheld for three days, drank on the fourth
day sixty litres of water within three min-

; utes. A horse which received no solid
4 nourishment for twelve days was neverthe-
| less in 4 condition, on the twelfth day of its

: ast, to draw a load of 279 kilos,

THE CANADA

USEFUL RECEIPTS.

‘Lue skin of a boiled egg is the most effi
cacious remedy that can be applied toa boil.
Peel it carefully, wet and. apply it to th:
part affected. It will draw off the matter,
and relieve the soreness in a few hours.

To Crariry Far.—Cut into small pieces,
fat of either beef or mutton. Put into a
saucepan and cover the pieces with cold wa-
ter. Still nntil the water boils, skim care-
fully and allow to boil until the water bas
all been discharged in vapour—the fat will
then be of the colour of salad oil—strain and
it will keep any length of time.

Appte BatreR Puppind.—¥Your beaten
eggs, one pint of rich milk, two cups of
flour, one teaspoonful of salt, two even tea-
spoonfuls of baking powder. Peel and corv
eight ripe, tart apples; put into a deep,
baking-dish ; fill the centre of each wi.h
sugar and pour the beaten batter over them.
Bake an hour and eat with cream and sugar,
flavoured with nutmeg or melon.

Goop Aprtr Burrer,—Boil a kettleful of
new cider until reduced two-thirds, Have
a quantity of tart, juicy apples pared, cored
and sliced, and put as many into the kettle
as the cider will cover. Cook slowly until
tender, skim out and put in a second supply
of apples. When tender turn all out and let
stand over-night. In the morning return to
the kettle aud boil down until quite thick.
Add whatever spice you please. It requires
almost constant stirring,

Quince PRESERVES.—Pare, quarter, end
core, saving the skins and core. Just cover
the quarters of quince with cold water and
simmer until tender, Take out the picves
carefully, and lay on flat pletes, Add the
parings, etc., to the water cover tiglily
and stew an hour, Strain through a jelly-
bag and to each pint of the juice ad: a
pound of granulated sugar. Buvil, skim, «dd
the pieces of quince and boil gently 10 miu-
utes, Turn out and let stand over-nig t.
In the morning skim out the pieces, buil
up the syrup, put in the pieces, simmer
10 minutes, take out on to flat dishes and
setin the sun, Let the syrup boil un‘i! i
begins to jelly, then fill the glass cans_t.vo-
thirds full of the fruit and cover with the
syrup.

To Roast A TuRKEY.—Make a stuffin , of
bread-crumbs, pepper, salt, and a little
piece of butter ; mix it lightly with an evg.
Stuff the craw, Split it, and lay it down a
good distance from the fire, which shou'd
be clear and brisk. Dust it with flour, aud
baste it with cold lard several times. Wheu
done, serve it with its own gravy. Be sure
to skim the oil from the top of the gravy be-
fore serving it in the boat proper for its ap
pearance at table. If it be of a middle s ze,
that is to say, seven or eight pounds iu
weight, an hour and a quarter should be
allowed for roasting. The same directious
answer fcr baking in a stove, only the pro
cessis slower, and will require from two t
three hours, according to the tenderness :!
the flesh. If by any accident a turkey his
been allowed to get stale or in the le:st
tainted, wash it thoroughly in vinegar and
water, in which a tablespoonful of bic.w-
bonate of soda has been dissolved. It wil
remove all unpleasant taste and odour, and
rerder the flesh more tender,

<< +

A Singular Privilege,

Lord Kingsale and Lord Forster both en-
joy the singular privilege of standing cover-
ed in the presence of royalty. . Lord Forster
obtained this concession trom. Henry VIII.,
but the right. belonging. to. Lord Kingsule
dates from the reign of King John, It orig-
inated thus :—His arcestor, the Earl of Uls-
ter had a very strong arm, and one day, at
the desire of the King, he chopped a mas-
sive helmet in twain in presence of the
French Sovereign, King John was so
pleased at the feat that he desired him to
ask at his hands any favour that he pleased,
and the Earl replied that, as he had estates
and wealth enough, he wouid only ask for
himself the singular privilege referred to.
It is related that on one occasion at a
drawing-room George III. rather nettled at
the length of time the hat was kept on, re-
marked, that although he had no wish to
call in question Lord Kingsale’s right to
wear it in his presence, still his lordship
might have remembered that there was a
lady (the Queen) in the room.

o—3 > @ e+

A TELEPHONE operator, when asked to say
grace at a dinner, the other day, horrified
party, ina fitof absent-mindedness, by bowing

s head and shouting, ‘‘ Hello! hello?”
Force of habit,

LUMBERMAN.

A Farmer’s Creed.

At a recent farmer’s convention held in
Providence, the following creed was adopt-
od:

‘‘We believe in small farms and through

ultivation ; we believe that the soil lives
to eat, as well as the owner, and ought,
therefore, to be well manured; we believe
in going to the bottom of this, and there-
fore deep ploughing, and enough of it ; all
the better if it be a subsoil plough ; we believe
in large crops, which leaves the land better
than they found it, making both the farm
and farmer rich at once; we believe that
every farm should have a good farmer; we
believe the fertilizer of any soil is a spirit
of industry, enterprise, and intelligence ;
without these, lime, gypsum, and guano
would be of little use; we believe in good
fences, good farmhouses, good orchards, and
good children enough to gather the fruit ;
we believe in a clean kitchen, a neat wife in
it, a clean cupboard, a clean dairy, and a
clean conscience ; we believe that to ask a
man’s advice is not stooping, but of much
benefit ; we believe that to keep a place for
everything and everything in its place, saves
many a step, and is pretty sure to lead to
good tools and to keepin them ing good order ;
we believe that kindness to stock, like good
shelter, is saving of fodder ; we believe that
it is a good thing to keep an eye on experi-
ments and note all, good and bad; we
believe that it is a good rule to sell grain
when it is ready ; we believe in producing
the best butter and cheese, and marketing it
when it is ready.”

Sar For SHEEP.—It is said that in Spain
whenever sheep are kept in the neighbour-
hood of rock salt hills or sea salt and have
aecess to it, they thrive better than in other
situations, and in France the same thing is
found to exist in the neighbourhood of the
sea coasts and the salt works of the north,
sheep give more and better wool, and the
mutton is more highly esteemed than that
from other localities. Where it is given to
them when at pasture, the amount should
be from half an ounce to an ounce each,
daily ; and it is a well-known fact that sheep
never stray from an enclosure in which salt
and water are provided for them.

Saddle Horses.

At the present moment there is a great mar-
ket in England for almost every variety of
agricultural produce, but prices for the gen-
eral run of such animals as are exported,
though satisfactory to the common graziers
and stock farmers, are not high enough to
tempt men of capital to breed, raise and pre-
pare them for market.

Raising trotting and other horses does not
remunerate very highly, because so few - be-
come fast enough to sell for the best prices,
and as trotting is an unnatural pace to race
in, a great deal of expense is necessary to
keep and pay trotting men to handle the
colts. Breeding race horses is no better, on
account of the tendency among thoroughbreds
to grow light and weedy, so that, shouldthey
fail in being fleeter than the average, there is
no demand for them.

Now, as the best saddle horses in England
are always in demand, and those of extra
merit sell for very large sums, any gentleman
who would go intelligently to work in select-
ing dams of powerful frames, and using a stal-
lion of the most fashionable blood, might se-
cure an income of many thousands per annum
by such management as would bring out from
10 to 20 young horses just fit for riding in
the chase, and the thousands might be tens of
thousands if with proper breeding and man-
agement, these young horses were large and
strong enough to carry gentlemen of heavy
weight up to the hounds.

The art of successful stock farming consists
in producing such animals as will sell for
great prices, without being obliged to expend
heavily in preparing them, and these animals
can be brought out fit for sale without any
expensive training.

Saddle horses commanding prices equal to
those of the best trotters here, will require no
breaking to harness, for it would be a serious
drawback to a valuable hunter to have been
used in any way in harness.

—<$ OO

‘© Wuo are these Pan-Presbyterians that
have been having a convention?” asked Mr,
Slogoer of his friend Jolliboy. ‘*That’s
what I want to know myself,” said Jolliboy.
“*T never heard of them till now. I suspect,
though, it’s only another name for the ortho-
dox fellows who stick to the belief in eter-
nal punishment. They probably call them-
selves Pan-Presbyterians because whoever
leaves them jumps out of the frying-pan into
the fire,”

casks into which it is put for

Cider Vinegar.

The enormous supply of apples all over

the country suggests the idea that a good
part of them may be turned into cider vine-
gar with profit.
rectly from the apples, but it is much prefera-
ble to first extract the cider.

Vinegar may be made di-

When cider is intended for vinegar it
should be made with the same cleanliness as
if intended for drinking or keeping, and the

ermentation,
should be equally sweet, and if old ey
casks are used, it improves the cider as well
for vinegar as for drink.

There should be nothing added to the
juice, as pure juice is best; the mustard
seed, sulphite of lime, and other euch in-
gredients used for stopping fermentation,
injure the vinegar. The better the apples,
the better the vinegar, and cider made late
in the autumn from fruit rich in juices, is
much better than that from windfalle and
early-gathered fruit, as cider is better for
the same reasons.

Vinegar may be made from crushed ap-
ples, or from the pomace after the cider iz
pressed out, as is often done from the pom-
ace of grapes and of other fruits. The ap-
ples are ground and put into shallow holders
where they are left to ferment for a couple
of days, then pressed and the juice put di-
rectly into old vinegar casks containing
mother of vinegar. If the weather is cool
the casks are placed where they will be kept
warm, and ina few months the vinegar may
be drawn off into clean vessels. The chief
auxiliary to producing vinegar quickly is
exposing the fiuid to the air at a mild tem-
perature, but for the best cider vinegar,
where haste is not necessary, it is better to
extract and barrel the cider, allowing it to
ferment as in the best process of cider mak-
ing, and then using the cider as desired.
Most cider vinegar, and. perhaps the best, is
made by leaving the bung open and allow-
ing the change to take place gradually, which
will be in a longer or shorter time as the
temperature is warmer or cooler.

Numerous methods are in practice by
large manufacturers who purchase large
quantities of cider and expose it to the air in
large vats in various ways. One process is
to allow the cider to run slowly over beech
shavings ; another allows it to trickle down
over boards or shelves, while still another
process is to force bubbles of air through the
liquor continuously.

A French method consists in scalding the
barrels with water and then pouring boiling
vinegar into them and rolling them until the
barrels are thoroughly saturated, when the
barrels are filled about one-third full of cider
vinegar,and some two gallons of cider pour-
ed in each seventh or eight day until the
casks are two-thirds full. In two weeks
from the time of adding the last two gallons,
one-halfis drawn off and the process repeat-
ed. The casks are kept as near a tempera-
ture of 80 degrees as possible.

This last process gives farmers a hint for
producing cider as may be desired, by keep-
ing the barrel in a warm place and adding
cider to the vinegar barrel, or by putting a
quantity of sharp vinegar into the cider.

The cores and parings left from drying
apples may be used as above described, or
they may be placed in jars or tubs,and warm
water poured over them, and set in the sun
or other warm place for a week or ten days
and the juice added to the vinegar barrel, or
used with the addition of cider. The prin-
ciple of vinegar making is fermentation, and
this comes from the presence of sugar, and
may be hastened by yeast or similar aids,
bat the best agent to produce fermentation
is strong old vinegar. The richer the juice
in saccharine matter the stronger the vine-
gar, and the warmer the temperature and
the more the vinegar is exposed to the air
the more rapid the process.

ss

Tue Roman Catholic bishop of B—— is a
most energetic cleric. He performs as much
parish duty, I believe, as most priests. He
received the other day the confession of a
little boy. At the close said histright rever-
ence: ‘* Well, have you anything more to
tell me?” ‘*No,” said the lad, deprecat-
ingly, ‘but I'll have more next time |”

THE other day a census-taker presents
himself at a house where all is in confusion
and several women are running to and fro
with pieces of red flannel, camphor, and the
like. _ ‘‘ Have you any children,” says the
employee to the agitated head of the house-
hold, ‘‘I have two,” replies the latter,
‘© and—as it will save you the trouble of
calling round again—if you will have the
goodness to take a seat for a moment, I will
have three—at least three.”

12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.
MARKET REPORTS. BUFFALA, ALBANY.
We quote cargo lots : [ BUY ONLY TH 4 BESTII
FREIGHTS —<——
Gavin Loiteurmn Oxrtce, Wipers’. cree: aabiyenaera $35 00 @ 40 00 7 Prm’
ToronTo, 28th Oct., 1880. sara 22 Sa ee aera cd Pee Soe pie $ 100 ia
The stock of lumber on hand is small, and Assorted lumber in car lots or boat loads : To Now Haar peal: hes et RN | ROYAL PRI RINTOGRAPH
the demand for export continues in advance A ag 4 ee sees (ae @ 40 00| To Providence...........+++++-... 2 00
of the transport facilities afforded by the Do, Bs Me 4 In . ‘ade ap A i a ie Sth y's eco esesceesrevecsece 225 THE KING COPYING TABLET.
Northern Railway, which is practically the | Do. 243 and 4i in, “special. To Borland RE RN SOR Ay i Ane a Pe
only route which feeds this market. Large | Pickings 1 inch.. .. 28 00 @ 30 00] To Middletown.........ssssss+ +s i 75 picts gga aa Le gs
quantities are on hand along the railway se se an ih i in. . 33 00 @ 35 00} To New London. ng 7 : 2 , vr : . patties 1 95 ERILEE DTAROED FOR BUERESEE Eee
line waiting shipment. There isa brisk de- apecial and 4 in. "4 22 00 @ 00 00 To Philadelphia, ..........++seeeees 2 00 fon ion dchaaeinmnare the Indosteiel Exit
mand for vessels for United States ports. |Shelving..... ee *"| 22 00 @ 00 00| Quotations at the yards are as follows : frre, eyrenies SA Bs wow our. «Improved. Copying
Rates to Oswego, stiff at $1.50; but within | Cutting up.......... ss. 22 00 @ 24 00) Pine, clear, # M.. b= We Feces ais rr tes Soe ie ae mela)
ten days or two weeks the stock for that Sidings, bela 1 pene 16 50 @ 17 00| Pine, fourtha,.i:.,...:.-..s+c.. 6, ioe Exnibition at Hacltes and pn Py iatrs, Prize for
market will be about all shipped. There Gorman Eee over..... td " A ct ha Pine, selects.......... ecvweve ‘ ; ; _ 38@45 Pelutesterh a Slee Table —
will probably then bea lull in the trade as | Box, all thicknesses. ... Ss 13 00 @ 14 00 ue pease ae ee, ge en
local market is dull and will likely continue’! 18 mn XXX shingles. ...... 3 40 @ 3 50| Pine, 10i oe erate “tint - a 14@17 | GREAT IMPROVEMEN
so. The docks in Oswego are full of lumber eee clear butts......... : od © 2 50 Pine oe Pinal oa ae ae piaes wise FEATU RES
: eT | Piagth 8 eae ee 1 80] Pine ok, 7,5 "Sided abbeet fe. -
innamdenandethers is good, and ‘while|| "We quote wheleagle’ pridealot lanwodi En bongo LO Te ser teicas Petcic ie ae 25@28 | BLACK AND COLOURED INKS
no great advance of price is looked for, the | lumber, delivered on cars or boat : Pine, 10.in pans, ene, wt ese de 17@18 AND A ;
business is expected to continue healthy un- | Walnut 4 inch clear..................$65 00] Pi + ahad hoowa . reves 28 00
til spring, when if the anticipated farce sup.| inch, Ists and Qnds.... 2... 0 00 Pine [2-sn, beanie Te IIIT BG gp | Also ® Special a ee.
anti g P*|| S'inch, lste and 2nd; 14 feet coffin “Il. DOARON, LO TUccic e+ cn ep aie 28 00 Copying Ink for use on
plies are taken out this winter a decline will stock f 73 00 Pine’ Ae in., siding, select.......... 42 00 ae
likely take place in prices. Building opera-|| 1 inch Ists and 2nds................ 73 00 ng, 122, ee tra £8 0 NTOG ARRANTED
ARs iyricitinaar EVERY P
tions are brisk, and a good many buildings ha 2, ea INCHs/. ss site vies|s os ele 74 00 — 1 xa dian’ om Lat wert = i i: mma
; 4 inch and thicker..............+4: ae Petes ss ee eee
are expected to be putup next spring. Car-| Ceonters aaa Briel boards, each..........0.0+ 16| PRICES ———
penters wages range from $1.25 per day. riewels'7x65 "ko 1080.05, 2a. 90 00 Spruce, plank, 1}-in., each........, 20] Prin phs. $1.00 mah
WHOLESALE RATES, common in, & thicker..............., 50 00 Pak aa Ar eh on 50 | sae eee taper bottle. "Gopsing Pencil, 33 20
Mill culls,. ss. 5 50@ 7 00! Gulls; inchs AFR te nets tee 35 00 Saaiey hari pet c ‘each.. 1N@113 caaeee ta an he ‘sent bo any
Shipping cull ‘stocks....... 10 00 @ 11 00| Sulls, 1d inch. ........ 0. ee ee essere 35 00| Hemlock, em each............, Bll. ware recelptol price.
Shipping culls, ee Lhe 8 50 @ 10 00 | White ash, Ohio Ist and fine 2nds,... 28 00 Hemlddke a wae There yer fo 4 PIM & CO
Dressing inch, . an ea 50 @ 13 00 Whitewood sinGn> un lanccstrie neat ts 30 00 Blase hes stri Pvsapg ee: 94 Manufacturers, 61 King Street East, Toronto.
wlooniae: 4 & ‘fs 49 00 @ 18°00 Einehi. i hehe gp | eee ae good, tf MG J en 85 00] Cavrios—As there are worthless imitations bei
Toidtinghaad seanting,. "9. 50 @ 10 60 2 in coffin Stock: ‘i4 ft Eee ay 30 00| Black a §-in lr OE. Tee 78 00 | sold under different names the public are cauti
Millrun sidings.. * 19 00 @ 14 00| Satare, 4x4 to 10x10...0.0...00... 53 | Graken Lae 78 09 | sguinet buying any but * Pim's Royal Printograph,”
Char ueccees 17:00 @ 20 00 Mane 4 lsts and fine 2nds,....... 30 00 fe alban fin Sve abet as ae ’ pA, is oe
eee ikea! Get: 25 00 apis ft GARR Se eR Ce ies ae oe 1 At Bee Bey AL ACG ice cee
lear and pickings......... 25 00 @ 28 00 | Wits ‘Sak’ Ghia ssc). s.4t. cick 30 00 | Wrnite Woods Linch and thicker... 40 0/GLASS BALL CASTORS
Shingles, Now! 210@ 220 Cherry, inch and thicker.. ..++ 42 00] Ash, me tiy § inc =... SO
INGO bere sodhe ened 4 140@ 160 BUtternnty Ns watch seer ocr teas 45 00 Ash, a id ‘canto: toe. eee 33 ' TURE, PIAN
Hickory, best Ohio..........0+.e0e 35 00| Cher ipsa mg Aap AS FIL 30 00 ORGANS, etc., the Daa andl mot
is aeae Boon’, 280. BA -60 00 ornamental Castors in the market.
LONDON, ONT. CHICAGO. Ou oaite ces EOD eee = = Shey Srestly Magenye Uke Paes ot
Common Lumber.......... $10 00 @ 12 00 The Chicago market was dingly | Oak, second quality............... gt NER
Stock boards.............; 13 00 @ 15 00 | dull—week ending Oct 23, but auehtly oe Babee) a Na gest orltst ag le by inst SLEEPLESSNESS cared
Clear in. and 1} to 2in..... 25 00 @ 30 00 | Vived on account of the non-arrival of some | Hickory... ree Os an ‘ obd by Meenas jauen
Bill wes Wap to 16 feet..... lage @ 13 00 2 or 25 cangops of lumber, wrecked in the | Maple, Corinda... «| Lae RTE ache 4 = Agenta wanted.
B00 FL OLS es 3 00 @ 14 00 |S8torms which raged recently on th N Sod ld ce BateN de Fre
Lath, Mi TOGO Raden aloe G 4-00 | Lakes. £ y on the Upper Pp eeerete S suisu Oh aidsheh We ania = -- ADDRESS FOR CIRCULARS ;
ingles No, 2, Us AW taacoded @ 2 45 YARD RATES. Shingles, shaved, pine..m...,..... ASTO
per square . ose @ 1 90| First and second clear, 1@ 1} in......$43 00 tat owes Leh oe i ae m GLASS BALL ¢ BOOMP'Y,
First and 2d clear, 2in............. 45 00| Shingles, extra oa ie eine vaiide ra 0, 5 6,6 See
Bhird olearaa@ 2ants See ae oe 38 00 Shingles, clear, a ty (| ZAMILTON, ONT
OTTAWA. Third clear, 1 inch.. _...+ 38 00] Shingles, cedar, mined: Deas | as
ike follominemne quchabondanihoineee si ae gloat, dressed ‘siding. Para 20 00} Shingles, hemlock................. 2 00
Sera Wie a eee BIGING.. eis dade vs “ » sath hemlock. .....0...scccesese 1 50) 2 SS eee
12 in. stocks, good........ $18 00 @ 20 00} Flooring, Ist com. dressed. ......... 34 00 we iti Sree ep Gazettee ee
ee oe 8S. oul cm 00 @ 10 50| Flooring, 24 com, dressed,.......... 32 00 etteer of British North America.
“ 00: @ 18 00] Flooring, 3d ec d fi tama. fe
10 ayn Brailes. T1080. i 10080 | Box bier Av 18 inland (Se Aik 8 (aD a nee vonaof over tie, owne aod Villages the
Strips, god... ss... ' 17.00 @ 20 00| Box bds, B, 14 in, and u ... 37 00 Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New
a erod lis. 650 @ 7 50] Box boards, Gi rae at a veer. De 25 00 ROUGH LUMBER, Brunswick, Newfoundland, Prince Edward sland.
Sidings, 1}, 1}. and 2 ‘in., A stock boards, 12 @ 16 in., rough... 37 00| Uppers, thick. °........-0000000 oY ty
Bogdan ssi). eects: 23.90 @ 26 00|Bstock bds, 10 @ 12in........... .. 33 00 INCH... se eee ee eeeee eee eee es 42 00 | from official sources, as to the names, ex.
« “gulls 900 @ 10 00|C stock bds, 10@ 12in............ 97 00 | Box, thick ............ssseeeeeees 36 00 | tent ect., of over 1,800 Lakes and Rivers ; a Taaur
Lath (¥ 1,000 pes.). . 000 @ 1 00|Common stock boards "1 00 int? 2) Se 32 00 | HOUrM, showing the proximity of the Hallroad
Deals ng Quebec standard) Cull boards............-...$10 00 @ 2%, 3 and 4 in ce! akong Niles, Towns, villages, 5 “in th orci aidtecone
1st 0 00 @ 110 00| Fenei Tana SERINE Ba $10 00 @ 11 00 Boart ue “8 special a ey ete,, in the Provinces,
@ enci ye as ‘ oorin , > me er ees x : valuable) ;

Deals Quebec standard) Rehoing Ne: Bieta) Geto ats be rH 30 2. ; : ee : os pies > 00 Coloured Hap o ietbomon not Cand Baltes
Dae eta tess 2, fons on Oi 00.A@aaneoeno' | Comin cane glilOemLLAL Mine ihe < X Bato SAEs CM pra oe bs y rossby, vy a of Writ
elgpers Seat 00 @ 65 00|Common boards............ 12 00@ 15 00 Fencing strips, 6-in, No. 1.......... 16 00 | Subscribers’ names respectfully — ‘agems
(¥ Q ) Dimension stuff.................... 11 00 OE eee 14 0Q | wanted. 3#-Paice $3—Payable on Delivery.
on a PGCE RR CRC 0 00 @ 8 50 Dimension stuff, 20 @ 30 ft..12 50 @ 20 00 Select common, thik... tenors 28 00 JOHN LOVELL & SON, Publishers.

ull deals (? M, ft.).. 650 @ § 59|Small timber, 6 x 6 to8 x 8......... 12 00 INCH... .jveacdas aids Sapkaaetene Meike e 24 00| Montreal, August, 1880.
FREIGHT. Round posts, cedar................-. 15 00] Common -. 15 00
_To Montreal, $1.15; Quebec, $2; Bur- | Pickets, dressed and headed, flat.... 15 00 Culls .....ssseeeesseneescsneseresaeetsereae ees . 12 00
lington, $2; Whitehall, $1.25; Albany, | Pickets, do., square.. 20 00 B. Let Ne 1 12in. 25 00
$3.50 ; New York, $4. Pickets, rough, pee boa iy iit 14 00 ca sb +s eid Sacepensde yaaa
eee ay ids SSB) 6 MSS ee Sei a ee ee
Eixtra\s*7Ashinglests. SUUeG ee 2 65 No 1 18 ft
DETROIT. Sens — » dry shingles OF 20.00) 2 40 oe oe} = Tree re er ee
Yard rates, continue as follow nade =e id shingles SLE OES ee 98 lw 0 18 Beebe Reee TRA e werd aueaee
Upper, all thicknesses. . ae 00 @ 45 09 ake Seon zs olee ay Monee Vey ae an aege 5S . BLIC NOTICE.
OLECUB ees ae te chee een ane tare 00 3 Be te ~ 2 25 I st TTED
Fine common, thick....... € - eo Lath, dry... ss... sees sees ee ees 2 25 i Tote 81 va yn pote PERSONS
No. 1 common stock, 1x12.. 16 00 @ 18 00 —— : ; ; Grown land Age rene are hereby Te belly pon
Common shippers, 1x12.... 18.00 @ 14 00 OSWEGO, N. Y. Shinglos, ' XX. wh. te dahon. eee 3 60 | without delay to Bg pe ge ng atl
Flooring, Beleote\ siete eee @ 25 00 Three WPPEFSicere ss Yess $38 00 @ 40 00 Clear butts... cats Ghee RElcciies 2 60 Lax Saree at Nipissing and have their locations
ee ns aa cpeee cy anaes mma yee Beene Tratha ccc... fensk ec. Ake deere en! Oe ce 2 25 noe pasoneennraa Pre Bhatt ow
Roofing, matched........-. GulGiooll Pines commons eats ) Surfacing one side adds to the ata of ~ HNSO
Sidingvoleania cst. tien @ 24 00 Common : Pap ae ee 14 00 SR a a MYasistant Commissioner
qaloab. dated Neha @).00 00!| Calle. ok, ee 12 00 @ 14 00| Nowway wrrpessstes 8 00 | Pronto, 8th Oct, 1880. 5
B comin oan MTL ee ee Norway bds and strips. See Rae 18 00 | Toronto, 13th Oct., 1830.
Goilingeselects «cts @ 30 00 Bidines, epic linch,... 28 00 @ 32 00 even Aes tik 2S Ne
EE pare @ 25 001 1} inchaeh in eee . 28 00 @ 35 00 mage SUE M A C H | N E R Y |
Mill cull TaacC ee g 2 iH i ron, 1x0, 13 to 16 feet ai ee @ =H 00 ise and drop siding clear....... $40 00
Dimension or bill stuff to 16 shipp eee. ee ee 15 00 e 16 el ae ee me ata Ree
Sa Retin ig Eaaee: : 6 eS er sare so 1} in. strips 15 00 @ 18 00 ganaion ee eee bs = 4 TEARN’S No. 3 SAW MILL
aa" ulls, selected........ aT GR ee Turner, in
longer than 24 feet... 16 00 @ 20 00 | 1x6 selected, for clapboards 24 00 @ 85 00 aa ee eee er tee AA 00 | Ras ANE a fe ce cue ba
Shingles, clear, 18 inch.. @ 3 75|Shingles, XXX, 18-in. pine 3 00 @ ~ RRR SOE Sige Cte eke cae 20 00 | bank and will be so’d cheap. We have also 2 Iron
6 inch clear, 18 inch..... @ 275 XXX, 18-in. cedar x 3 00 : : . Workit : ; Abe ht ipa rosy ie 8;
TAGE ieescees wngiasis ave ne @ DBS GAh. Me iiksevcdececees tl SONG. a Ne bvopleiding sober oeeting Secng an WM. DINGMAN & 90.,
, & 56 Front Street East, Toronto,

ALLANDALE JUNCTION HOTEL.

Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 min-
utes by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals.
Tea and coffee at counter. Fine brands of liquors and

choice cigars. sy
E. 8. MEEKING Proprietor.

ST, LAWRENCE HALL,

PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best Hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground floor, Walton Street, Port Hope.

Wm. MACKIE, Proprietor.

QUEEN’S HOTEL.

BRACEBRIDGE,

JCHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor
(late of Georgetown,) having lately purchased
the above hotel, will endeavor to make it one of
the best houses in the District of Muskoka. Tuurists
and hunting parties will receive every possible atten.-
ion. Free ’bus to and from the steamboat wharf.
Terms, one dollar per day.

FRASER’S HOTEL,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER. proprietor (successor to Doug-
land Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thor-
oughly renovated and refiiited that old established
hotel, so long and popularly kept and owned by
Dougald Brown, in the village of Gravenhurst, is
now in a position toattend to the wants of the travel-
ling and general public. Parties en route to the
Muskoka District, wiil find ‘* Fraser’s” a comfortable
stopping place. The Bar and Larder are well furn-
ished. Convenient Sample Rooms for Commercial
Men. Good Stabling and attentive hostler. - Free
"bus to and from trains and steamboats.

ST, LOUIS HOTEL.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size,
style and locality in Quebec, is open through-
out the year for pleasure and business travel.

HOTEL OTTAWA,

No. 21 North Side King Square.
ST. JOHN: N. B.

EK. COSMAN, -

Proprietor.

Terms, $1.00 to $1.50 per day.

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA,
JAS. A.GOUIN, - .«

is THE———

Favourite Resort ofthe Leading Public
men of the Dominion attending
the annual Sessions of
Parliament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Par-
liament, Public Officials, as well as those having
business with the various Departments of the Goy-
ernment. Itisalso the head-quarters of those having
dealings with the princely Lumber Manufacturers in
the great Pine Valley, of which Ottawa isthe acknow-
ledzed centre.

Tue Russet Houss being central, almost abutting
on the ificent PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL
Buitpincs—the pride «f the Country--is thus con-
veniently situated for those visiting the City on pub-
lic business. But the location is also everything
that could be desired alike for the man of business
and the man of pleasure. A few minutes walk brings
the guest of the Hotel within reach, not only of all
the principal business resorts, but also of the most
splendid Mountain and Valley Scenery that can be
geen anywhere, as also of the two almost unrivalled
Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau—and of the
extetsive Manufacturing Establishments and Depots
of the leading Lumbermen. But, besides tke beauti-
ful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, includes
the magnificent Ottawa and two ofits grand tributar-
ies—the Rideau aud the Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar-
ently never-ending woods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be ob-
tained cn the Continent

THe Russet. House affords excellent accomodation
for 300 guests ; its table is abundar.tly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and no-
thing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
foriably *‘ at home. ,’

GS Ormnibusses meet the Arrival of
eyery Train and Boat. .

OR SALE, IN THE BEAUTIFUL

town of Orillia, a very commodious brick h
with out buildings and garden, Terms Sesdecai,
Apply to Editor of Lumzynman, Toronto.

ee nie BROTHERS,

Brokers, and general Produce-Proyision Commis-
sion Merchants, 24 Water Strect, Saint Jobn, N. B.

Proprietor.

r= gd References provided, Consignments solici-
. Correspondence respeettully requested. Returns
promptly made,

W, B. MACKENZIE. D. G. MACKENZIE,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN

J. NEILL & S

IRON FOUNDERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF

BE.

Ts

AM ENGINES, BOILERS & SAW MILL

MACHINERY:

Front

and Esplanade Streets, Opposite the Queen's Hotel,

TroOoOROn TO.

Eo os LMU Meets
F CANADA |

MIDLAND RAILWAY

AND

Whitby, Port Pervy & Lindsay |

RAILWAY.
NOTICE TO SHIPPERS.

A‘| fre’ ht for points on the above roads
shcu'd b: shipped via the Granp TRUNK
Rau.way, when it will be forwarded by the
sh1:e-tr.ute without transhipment and at
th. cheapest rates,

Fast Freight Trains Run Through To
Pet r' orough, Fenelon Falls, Kin-
moun , Minden, Orillia, Lindsay, H:li-
purtun Midland, and Waubaushene,
¢ nice ing with fast steamers for
P rry Sound and Byng Inlet.

For : tes, ete., apply to local agents, or to
A, Wiurs, General Traffic Agent, Peter-

bo: uz.
it GEO, A. COX,
Managing Director, M. R. of C.

JAS. HOLDEN,
Ma» gir, Director W., P. P., and L, Ry.

Great Western Railway

TICKFTS to San Francisco and all Points on the
Pacific Coast, both Overland and by Pacific Mail
Steamships from New York. Winuipes and the
Dorti West by all Routes. London, Detroit, Sne-
peisiin Br dge, and ail the principal points in the
Usirep States, both east and west, with the fullest
informa ion of Routes, with Guides, Time Tables,
Mus, &c., FREE,

SOLE AGENCY FOR THE
WHITH STAR LINE,

To Liverpool, Londonderry, Queenstown, Bel-
fast and Glasgow.

T. W. JONES, Agent,

23 York Street, Toronto, near Queen's Hotel,

I

SWORN STATEMENTS MADE BY LIFE INSURANCE COM-
PANIES TO THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT.

ToTAL BUSINESS

NEw Business | |POLICIES

NAMES
OF IN CANADA. OBTAINED IN79,
~ Total Total No. | Smount
COMPANIES. |!pyem. re.) Ins.in ||:Pol. | of Pol
in 1879. | Force. ||issu’d| Issued.
CANADIAN, $ $ $
Canada, Hamilton}} 586,293 |18,945,715 || 1,402 | 2,633,100
Confederation res Fewer See 1,012 te
jun, of Montreal... Fl 620, 524 18,6(
Ontario Mutual ...|/ 62,687 | 2,161,413 || 427 ) 190,000
utual, Hamilton i 1,262,855 156 201,50)
Citizens’, Montreal 28,292 | 1,171,845 183 | 406,250
ITOYONUO! tecsscesseetes 4,674 163,609 19 17,606
BRITISH.*
Standard ............ 152,237 | 5,437,066 309 697,600
Lon.& Lancashire. 58,456 | 1,783,188 225 400,600
Royal nt || ar'res | Loiztses || 20| 85.975
Toh Gemeente y 20 65,
Seer mle eee | eae an] ae
Se i : 38 A
Liv., Lon., & Globe 10,136 286,004 7 15,433
TOON .........66 aereees 16,642 394,581 14 77,750
riton Life............ 4,094 106,910 6 10,500
AMERIOAN.* |
ANTNA LIFE ...... 307,847 | 9,289,325 935 | 1,386,600
Equitable, of N.Y. 180,327 | 5,266,992 | 475} 1,285,500
Union Mutual, Me 91,691 | 2,732,914 | | 167 277,850
Travellers ............ 89,691 | 3,072,782 || 215 336,150 |

EL

DEPosIT
BECOME
AT
CLAms
OTTAWA,
IN 1879.
S $
157,821 54,000
31,494 77,650
18,000 50,400
11,500 50,541
7,300 81,075
11,000 50,400
1,000 29,160
57,836 153,900
20,070 110,000
39,057 ||Fire & L.
20,554 | |Fire & L.
24,516 ||Fire &L
21,982 100,343
1,117 ||Fire & L.
6,000 ||Fire & L.
2,000 54,993
131,883 || 195,000
88,785 || 105,000
43,704 115,000
10,830 126,100

*In examining the table it must be borne in mind that it relates only to
business done in Canada. This comprises the whole of the business done by
the local companies, but only the Canadian business of the British and Ameri-

can Companies.

The Atna’s total income was $4,350,897 .30 in 1879.

K= Of the $131,883 of “Policies become claims” in the case of the HTNA
LIFE, $53,764 was by the maturity of Endowment Policies—i.e., policies
payable at death or the end of 10, 15 or 20 years if living. In the other 19 com-
panies, all combined, only a total of $24,948 of this excellent kind of insurance

was paid in 1879.

36,000 was added by the ZTNA LIFE, the past _year, to its Govern-
ment Deposit, making it the largest of any Company, and nearly 4 times that

of most Canadian Companies.

K= The superior standing of the A/TNA LIFE is shewn by its total in-
come being $4,350,897.:30, and by its Canada Branch income being nearly
equal to the combined premium income of the whole 9 British Companies, or
that of the 3 lesser American Companies, or that of all the Canadian Com-
Mp but one. This one has been 32 years getting $536,298, while the Dtna’s

307,847 has grown from less than $1000 in the past 14 years.

Head Office for Canada—Boustead’s Block, Toronto.
WILLIAM H. ORR. Manager.

ORILLIA HOUSE.
ORILLIA,
New and Commodious Brick Building; best north

of Toronto ; splendid sample rooms : centrally locat-
ed ; free ’bus.

JOHN KELLY, Proprietor,

|

DOMINION HOUSE.

A good house in every respect.

from the wharf,

BRACEBRIDGE,

Free "bus to and
Terms, $1 per day.

R. GILCHRIST, Proprietor.

14 THE CANADA

ed up to 67 tons, with a 16-inch ram and an

Interesting Trial of the 100-Ton Gun.

On Monday afternoon the 100-tun gun and
the model emp/acement in which it is mount-
edat the proof butts in the Government
marshes adjoining the Royal Arsenal, Wool-
wich, where the objects of experiment, and
the novelty as well as the importance of the
occasion created considerable interest, as
was manifested by the large number of offi-
cers and other visitors present. It was ex-
plained that the four 100-ton guns purchased
of Sir William Armstrong some two years
since are to be mounted on the defences of
Malta and Gibralter, and that as it has been
considered desirable to load them by hy-
draulic machinary, this experiment had been
proposed in the hope of gaining some cxper-
ience before proceeding extensively in per-
manent preparations, Elevated as the gun
was, and pointed over the glacis of the par-
apet, it presented a most commanding as-
pect, and has probably never appeared to
such advantage. More than 34 feet long,
with the diameter at the breech of 6 feet 6
inches, tapering gradually off to 2 feet 6
inches at the muzzle, it had a more slender
and less sturdy outline than that of the na-
tural system of heavy ordnance, but its ad-
mirers praised it as the combination of
strength and elegance, and claimed for it
the advantages due to the saving of weight
and met:l. Size and weight appeared of no
consideration at all when a lever was touch-
ed, and the bulky breach rose and fell as the
muzzle was elevated or depressed with no
more apparent effort than a 9-pounder re-
quires at the hand of a gunner; and the
admirable adjustment of the machinery
when the whole mass swept grandly round
to the opposite point of the compass was
unanimously contessed, Then the order was
given toload. A small elongated carriage
or cradle stood on a miniature railway close
at hand, and upon this were placed two car-
tridges and the shot. The charge was 425
Ibs. of pebble powder, and it was made up
into two cartridges for convenience of car-
riage ; but a tube ran through both and just
at the point of communication a small
primer of small grain powder had been in-
serted for the purpose of igniting the charge
in the centre, The projectile was a huge
bolt 17% inches ir diameter, and nearly 3
feet long, its weight being, with the gas
check attached, 2,020 lbs., or nearly a ton.
The cradle with its burden ran along the
rails, and entered an iron turret about 12
feet in breadth, One side was an open fort,
to which the muzzle of the gun on the out-
side descended, On a turn-table in the
centre of the apartment the cradle revolved
bringing the charge close up to the muzzle
of the gun, when out from the other side
rose the head of the rammer and drove car-
tridges and shot into the mouth, and ram-
med them well home, | The rammer, which
was a 6-inch piston 54 feet in length, is
moved by hydraulic rams with a 4-feet stroke
and multiplying gear,andit descends through
a tube into the earth. The monster gun, as
soon as it was loaded, was elevated clear of
the parapet, and was trained about 15 de-
grees to tke left, which brought it exactly
opposite to one of the sand bags at the butts,
the act of moving the gun at the same time
automatically closing the iron door of the
loading port, which is in like manner opened
by the return motion. The gun is to be
fired through the axial vent, and the electric
wireis passed through an arrangement of
copper discs which have been contrived with
the long desired object of effectually closing
the vent and saving the evil consequences
which arise from the escape of powder gases,
The spectators withdraw to a safe distance,
and after an interval of suspense an appall-
ing roar, which makes the earth vibrate, is
heard and deadens the senses for a time, and
the enormous gun is observed calmly sliding
down from the recoil amid a cloud of
smoke, dirt, and debris. The first anxiety
was to examine the structure, and the in-
spection was perfectly satisfactory, for no-
thing whatever had suffered from the dis-
charge, and the durability of concrete even
for real fortifications had become a subject
for consideration. In this work upwards of
3000 tons of concrete has been used, about
half of which is below and half above the
ground, the lower half being compounded of
cement and Thames ballast, and the upper
half of cement andfurnace slag, The latter
was prepared with great labour, owing to
the difficulty of crushing the refuse metal,
and it is believed that it would stand a fair
cannonading as well as the famous Gozo cor-
aline with which the Malteze works are
constructed. The hydraulic lever at the
Mediterranean ports will be furnished with
an arrangement similar to that used in Mon-
day’s experiments an accumulation weight-

minutes. The one round fired on Monday,

before the gun leaves Woolwieh for its final
destination in one of the Mediterranean for-
tresses. —Temes.

_—_— DS tr

The Cabul Mint.

HOW AFGHAN MONEY I8 MADE—ENGLISH
RUPEES RECOINED,

[Cabul Letter to the London Times. ]

Let me now describe the process through
which the English rupees at present pass to
bring them out from the Cabul mint in the
shape of Cabulee rupees, In one ofthe rude
sheds which I have described as, running
round the court-yard, are two rows of small,
round clay hearths, elevated an inch or two
above the floor, and depressed, like a plate,
in the middle, A pile of rupees—generally
300 is added to the furnace, The
lead, in combination with the bone ashes,
separates, as is well known, the alloy. This
first protess converts the rupees into a dull,
unsightly mass of silver, free, or nearly so,
from alloy. The pure silver thus extracted
is then carried to another shed, carefully
weighed, and an amount of English rupees
equal to its weight added toit. Rupees and
silver are then melted together in a clay
crucible, and the melted mixture is then
ladled by hand into molds, which give it the
shape of flattened bars about twelve inches
long. ‘These bars are then taken to a third
shed, to be annealed by hammering, and
given the form of slender, round rods. The
next process is that of drawing these rods
through a plate of iron, perforated with
round holes, to give them a uniform circum-
ference. This is done by means of a rude
hand-wheel, after which the rods are cut by
hammer and chisel into the lengths re-
quisite to form the future rupee, each of
which lengths is carefully weigued in a pair
of scales, Any that are too heavy are hand-
ed to a workman whose business it is to slice
off a fragment with his chisel ; any that, on
the contrary, are too light are handed to
another workman, who notches the little
cylinder by a blow on his chisel, and inserts
the required fragment into the notch. The
cylinders are next carried to a fifth shed, and,
after gently heating, are hammeredintosmall,
round disks, which have a yellowish-white
colour, To remove this colour and give them
brightness they are next plunged into a cal-
dronof boiling water, in which they are boiled
forsome time along withapricotfruitand salt.
This process imparts brightness to the dull
disks of silver, and they are then ready for the
last process they have to go through, that of
stamping. This is, perhaps, the most inter-
esting partof the operation. Two operators
sit facing one another, half naked, on the
ground, with a little iron anvil between
them. Into the face of the anyil is inserted
a steel stamp, destined to give the impres-
sion which the under side of the rupee will
bear. One operator places the little silver
disks with great quickness and. accuracy
upon the stamp, and the other, who is arm-
ed with a heavy hammer in his right hand,
and a steel stamp bearing the inscription
destined for the upper side of the rupee in
his left, with one heavy, well-delivered
blow, impresses the device on the soft lump
of silver. Lastly, each rupee thus stamped
is again weighed, and deficiencies in weight
made up by the same rude process,

—— 2S + 2 ) oO

Settling in England.

(From the Parisian.)

It is announced that the ex-Empress Eu-
genie has just bought the Farnborough Hill
estate, in Hampshire, close to the borders of
the county of Surrey, for £50,000. ‘The es-
tate was the property of the late Mr. Long-
man, the well-known publisher, and consists
of about 257 acres, with a charmingly pictu-
rssque mansion, erected, by the late owner
eighteen years ago. The ex-Hmpress will
not go into possession of it until January, as
Mrs, Longman, the widow, is very anxious
to spend another Christmas there, A me-
morial chapel will be built to receive the
bodies of the Emperor and the Prince Impe-
rial, The lease of Camden Place expires in
March next

4 —~ m

Aw Oregon ranchman threw a lasso clum-
sily, and the noose fell around his own neck,
Just then the horse unseated him, and, one
end of the rope being fast to the saddle, he
was choked to death.

§-feet stroke, This can be raised by asteam
sapper, of traction engine, in one minute, or
forty men can pump it up by hand in seven

is but the first in a series of experiments of
a similar character, and it will be some time

LUMBERMAN.

You Have no Excuse.

Have you any excuse for suffering with
Dyspepsia or Liver Complaint? Is there
any reason why you should go on from day
to day complaining with Sour Stomach, Sick
Fleadache, Habitual Costiveness, palpitation
of the Heart, Heart burn, Water-brash,
Gnawing and burning pains at the pit of the
Stomach, Yellow Skin, Coated tongue, and
disagreeable taste in the mouth, Coming up
of food after eating, Low Spirits, &e. No!
It is positively your own fault if you do,
Go to your Druggist———and get a bottle
of GREEN’s Avaust FLoweR for 75 cents
your cure is certain, but if you doubt this,
get a Sample Bottle for 10 cents and try it.
Two doses will relieve you.

“THEY ALL Do It,”—For beautifying the
teeth and preserving, for sweetening and
giving fragrance to the Breath use ‘‘ Tea-
berry” the new Toilet gem delightfully
cooling and refreshing.

Asx for Castorine machine oil, for sale by
dealers generally.

Tue Great Triumph of the 19th century
is the great medical climax Burdock Blood
Bitters, cures all diseases of the blood, liver,
and kidneys, nervous and general debility,
any ae the purest and best tonic in the
world,

For reapers, mowers and threshing ma-
chines use Castorine machine oil.

Try Burdock Blood Bitters, the great
system renovator, blood and liver syrup,
acts on the bowels, liver and kidneys, and
is a superb-tonic,

CASTORINE machine oil wears longer than
other oils, and is entirely free from gum.

HAVE you neara of the wonderful cures
effected and benefits derived from the use
ef Edison’s Electric Belts. If not, call on
your druggist for pamphlet with testimonials,
They are as food to the hungry, as water to
growing plants, and as sunlight to nature,

CASTORINE machine oil is not affected by
the heat, thus making it a very economical
oil to use on farm implements,

Dr. Fow er’s Extract of Wild Strawber-
ry cures canker of the stomach and bowels,
dysentery, cholera morbus and all summer
complaints,

THE Toronto Oil Co. are sole manufac-
turers of Castorine, Infringements will be
prosecuted,

Have Covracre,—You may suffer from
scrofula or some foul humour, your liver
may be congested, your lungs diseased, your
kidneys deranged, your joints distorted with
rheumatism, you may be almost a walking
skeleton, yet despair not, Burdock Blood
Bitters has cured others—it may cure you,

Cottars and Cuffs, new styles, Kid
Gloves, new shades, one and two-buttoned,
Silk Handkerchiefs, new patterns, Silk
Umbrellas, new and cheap, at Cooper's,
109 Yonge street, ‘T'oronto,

Ir Never Farts.—Dr. Fowler’s Extract
of Wild Strawberry is an unfailing remedy
for all kinds of bowel complaint.

Ir is the testimony of all men who have
tried it that, ‘‘ Myrtle Navy ” tobacco has
the most delicious flavour of any tobacco in
the market, and that it leaves none of the
unpleasant effects in the mouth which most
tobaccos do. The reason for this is the high
and pure quality of the leaf, which is the
finest known in Virginia, and the absence of
all deleterious matter in the manufacture.

REAPER and mower manufacturers say
Castorine is the best oil in the market.

THE Greatest Popularity of Dr. Fowler’s
Extract of Wild Strawberry is where it has
been longest known. Time cannot detract
from its merits. It if the old reliable reme-
dy for all bowel complaints incident to the
summer season,

Reusiness Divectery,
TORONTO.
Barrister & Attorney,
Geo. H. Watson, 80 Adelaide East.

Rossin House.
Palace Hotel of Canada, Mark, H. Irish, Prop.

2000 ee cee on eae

dar. Dwelling and barn thereon. » D. T. SMALL,
Arthur, Ont,

Poe sror DESIROUS OF OB-

taining patents shoukd write to HENRY GRIST,
Patent Solicitor, Ottawa, ;
practice ; no patent, no pay,

Picture Mouldings, Mirrors, etc,
Send for wholesale list. H. J.
Marrigws & Bros., Toronto,

Canada; twenty years’

OSHAWA CABINEE CO.,
FU RN ITU R 97 Yonge Street, Toronto,
s Ontario.
OR SALE OR EXCHANGE—A CARRIAGE
: SHOP—in Fisherville—steam-power connected.
Apply to C. OTTERMAN, Fisherville P. 0., Ont.

AGENTS WANTED! FOR AN OLD ES-

TABLISHED business. Write at
once. Early applicants have first
choice. L. C. BENTEN, 8t. Thomas, Ont.
GENTS—MAKE MONEY BY SELLING THE
best Pictorial Family Bible ; contains 2,500 illus-
trations, 63 full page, 40 steel, and 28 Dore. For
termsaddress OBERHOLTZER & CO,, Berlin.

Supplied by H M.

SHEEP MARKS ©2228
m St. E. ,T

p lacie Be ite

GENTS WANTED FOR TOELLER’S “‘DIS-

EASES of Live Stock”—the best farmer's book

ublished ; secure territory atonce. OBERHOLT-
ER & CO., Berlin.

Star Auger for welljboring—best in
WATER the poe for quicksand, hard pan
« clay, etc. Never was beat; try it
Send for circular to manf., 68 Mary st., Hamilton.

HRONIC LINGERING DISEASESf
treated specially by Dr. PLAYTER; author o
Elementary Hygiene, and editor of Canada Health
Journal. Rooms, with board, baths, &c., fora few
resident patients. 1 Beaconsfield Ave., Toronto,
ARTIFICIAL LIMBS pectic tiene wlastic and
Durable, Light, Elastic, and
Cheap. First Prize at Provincial Exhibitieu, Lon-
don. Testimonials on application. Satisfaction gua-
teed. Addr

ess,
J. DOAN & SON, Drayton. Ont

ran

DATENTO TADEMARES, COPYRIGHTS

PATENTS gztbesiens secret in cance
Engineers,

countries. RIDOUT, AIRD & CO.,
Mechanics’ Institute, Toronto.

ARM FOR SALE—LOTS 61 anp

62, River Range, Township Oneida, Co. Haldi-
mand, Ont.; 235 acres, 190 acres cleared; free from
stumps and stones; balance pine and hardwood ;
clay loam and black soil; good for grain or stock
farm; no waste land; abundance of water; two
dwelling houses, three large barns, two sheds and
drive-house ; buildings cost $5,000; all in good or-
der; large orchard, choice fruit; convenient to
church, school, store, post Office, mills and mar-
kets; seven railway stations within a radius of
eight miles. This pro is beautifully situated
on the Grand river, four miles from the coun’
Price, $40 per acre ; half cash; terms easy bal-
lance, Immediate pom. Address A. W.
THOMPSOM, Mount Healy P. 0.,Co, Haldimand,

The untold miseries which result
from indiscretion in early life may be

forded of the truth of these statements,
Pamphiet in sealed vogue post free. Address N,
D. Institute, King-st., Toronto,

W. MILLICHAMP & CO,

Show Case Manufacturers,

GOLD, SILVER AND NICKLE FLATERS,
29 to 35 Adelaide Street Hast,
TORONTO, ONT

UXURIANT WHISKERS
and Monstaches infallibly
produced by the well-known
and celebrated moustache pro-
ducer, AykE’s FormMuuA, in six
weeks. An agreeable and pow-

erful stimulative Emollient. Sent to an
in Canada on receipt of the price, 25 cts. EARNEST
DERRINGER, Chemist, 396 King street, Toronto.

Valuable Discovery!

Drawing and | Healing Salve,

The Drawing and Healing Salve cures Car-
buncles, Abscesses, Felons, without the aid of a

knife.

The Dra and Healing Salve cures Ery-
sipelas and Ringworms.

The Drawing and Healing Salve cures Piles
and all Poisoned Flesh.

The Drawing and Heali Salve cures
Corns, Inflamed Joints, ns, and Frost-
bites.

Price, 25 and 50 cents a box.

Mrs,Julye Myers’ Rheumatic Cute

A Positive Cure for Rheumatism, Neuralgia,
Weak Backs, Sprains, Stiffness of ‘Tolnts, Severe
Aches, Cramps, &c. :

Price $1 per bottle; trial bottle, 10c.

For sale by all ists. General agents for
Canada, J. COOMBE, 154 King st. East, Toronto,

Burdock BLOOD Bitters |

: AyD
DRUGS S

| SOLD BY ALL

‘“ Burdoch Healing Oimtment, carbo-.
ed, should be used in connection with Bur

dock Blood Bitters_for curing ulcera,

“ever, SOres, OtCe,

——

A Roman Holiday.

(Rom; Cor. N, Y. Sun,)

The tenth anniversary of the capture of
Rome was celebrated here on the 20th of
September with more than ordinary rejoic-
ings by the ministry and municipality.

When the Italian Government decided to
seize Rome in 1870, after the recall of the
French troops, Signor Giovanni Lanza was
the prime minister. 1n parliamentary de-
bate it has leaked out that he was then
fearful of taking such a step, but that, his
judgment having been overruled by sundry
influential advisers of .the crown, he at
len consented to order Gens. Cadorna
and Sixio to advance on the city of the
popes. The bombardment’ of one of the

ates, Porta Pia, having placed the defense-
ie city at their mercy. Signor Lanza at
once putin a claim to all the glory of taking
Rome, and he has steadily and sturdily
maintained this claim. Since that memora-
ble year of 1870, Italy has been immersed
in a constant political turmoil, one clique of
governing politicians giving place to another
in quick succession, There have been no
less than half a dozen ministries, Lanza,
Minghetti, Depretis (twice premier), and
Cairoli (now in his second administration)
in turn held sway. The most statesmanlike
quality these ministers exhibited was to
keep themselves and their favourites in
power by a series of hand-to-mouth expedi-
ents. Lanza and Minghetti, belonging to
the party of the right, claimed to rvle from
a conservative point of view ; Depretis and
Cairoli, at the head of the party of the left,
put themselves forward as the champions of
the people. Although supported by popu-
lar opinion and indorsed by Garibaldi, the
two last premiers proved, in some re-
spects, to be more royalist than the king
himself, especially in court matters. Their
deference to the royal prerogative and eti-
quette, and their failure to institute any
popular reforms,notably that of the enlarge-
ment of the suffrage, were abundantly satir-
ized by both the right and the left. In re-
ality, they followed in the footsteps of their
predecessors in religious, military, and
cial affairs. While- these four men
claimed to be carrying out Cavour’s policy
of unification and consolidation, Ratazzi and
La Marmora, the two leaders, who, in con-
junction with the famous Piedmontese
statesman, did most to found the new king-
dom, were thrust aside, and died, asis gen-
erally believed, broken-hearted.

The transfer of the government to Rome
in 1871 was disastrous to Florence, which,
during seven years, had been put to great
expense in preparing to become a capital.
lts trade and society dwindled until the au-
thorities had to suspend payment because
the municipality was bankrupt. Only two
years ago it was even contemplated to place
the ‘‘ City of Flowers” in the hands of a re-
ceiver ; and though this was not done, be-
cause the national government promised a
help.which has been only partially afforded,
the financial plight of Florence remains de-
plorable,—its debts unpaid, and its paper
dishonoured. Turin, the original capital,
had been somewhat similarly damaged when
it ceased to be the seat of government ; but
then Turin readily recuperated, because it
was a wealthy commercial centre, which
Florence never was.

Upon the instaiment of the royal court in
the Quirinal, and of the parliament in the
wooden structure hastily erected at Monte
Citorio, the celebrated guarantees to the
pope which had been voted at Florence were
promulgated officially. In substance these
guarantees, while declaring the government
supreme over the newly-captured city, left
the pope in possession of the palace of the
Vatican, as a great personage entitled to
privileges, and allotted him a salary of
$65,000 a year. This salary has never yet
been paid, because neither Pius 1X- nor Leo
XUL would take it, and the amount has
only nominally figured in the national bud.
get ; if called on to pay its accrued total the
goveaeet would be sorely pressed, The
law of guarantees, with the exception of pay-
ing this salary—and the series of laws pass-

in 1873, confiscating a portion of the
charch rty and abolishing the religious
orders and fraternities 1n Rome, have been
ripqwonsly executed, Much of the confiscat-
property was sold at auction at merely

inal figures to government favourites
sad taiclghicky wpeockators

The hp: years’ frtcsval since 1880 has
changes in new capital, At first

— were disposed to be jubilant, as
unusual ivileges were showered upon

them at a stroke of the od as, under
the settlement in the and Via Con-

process has not gone so far but that an abun-

—and in establishing public free schools,

mans, unlike their fathers and mothers, will
start in life with a fair amount of elementary
knowledge.
and upper classes of Roman society-are still
invariably educated in the Roman Catholic
schools.

dered a change very perceptible in Italian so-
ciety at large.

more practical
than in the ante-revolutionary war.
formity of aims and methods has already
levelled those individualisms which were

to both Americas in search of fortunes.
so much to the density of population in the

as to the awakening of a new spirit which

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

STANDARD CHOPPINC MILLS, «
USING BEST FRENCH BURR MILL- eS FS ES,
STONES. GIMPLE, EFFICIENT PRACTI“

CAL. CAN BE RUN BY ANY INTELLIG~
ENT MAN, NO RENEWING PLATES AG IM IRON
12 INCH CAPACITY MILLS, GRIND~
6 701 BUSHELS PER HOUR ERs WILL LAST
A LIFE TIME,

dotti of a host of bustling merchants’ trade
had a brisk send-off. The population was
dazzled, and looked for wonders, But the
tinsel of first appearances soon wore off
when it was found that the promised pros-

erity had feeble foundation, What had
Beda the support of the city suddenly ceased.
The wealthy foreign visitors, whe had been
accustomed to spend their winters between
the Coliseum and the Vatican, failed to put
in an appearance or to furnish the ‘‘ways
and means.” There has consequently been
no little misery and grumbling among the
citizens, reduced to live off the driblets
vouchsafed by government employees and
cheap tourists, travelling for the most part
with small satchels instead of big trunks.
Owing to the influx of settlers in the wake
of government and court, the population
amounted, according to the census taken on
Dec. 31 of last year, to 301,680, showing an
increase of 75.000 in the last decade, From
the very commencement of the new era,

;
Hipat

Guaranteed to grind any kind of grain, fine
coarse, equall four foot mill stone.

r u s well, asa
WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO., BRANTFORD. CANADA.
COME ANS) INVESTIGATE.

grist mill every week. Plenty of references.

WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO,

PORTABLE

SAW MILLS

GRIST MILLS, and

=FARM ENGINES

OUB SPECIALTIES.
See our exhibit of above Machinery

in operation at Toronto Exhibition
-“\\ Provincial Ehibition, Hamilton, and
Dominion Exhibition, Montreal.

We test a farm engine every day and a portable

Satisfaction guaranteed,

Brantford, Ontario, Can.

rent, provisions, and clothes, and living in
general grew dearer. Gold and silver van-
ished early, and are never seen now as in the
days when the foreign world distributed so
lavishly the precious metals. Trade and
manufactures have not, so far, been built
up extensively, except among a small minor-
ity of the citizens. The ruins have been ex-
cavated, restored, repaired; new houses
built ; entire quarters put up by a syndicate
of speculating capitalists, old ones demolish-
ed or freshly washed, and new streets run,
until the city’s old picturesqueness has been
seriously curtailed. From a modern point
of view, of course, numerous improvements
have been made. At the same time, as Rome
was not built in one day, neither can it be
pulled down ina day, and the modernizing

PUBLISHERS OF NEWSPAPERS

We supply “ outsides” and “ insides,”
on first-class paper, with or without
news matter, at a very lowrate. Our
prices are so low that no publisher can
afford to print his ‘first side” at
home. Samples and prices on applica-

tion.
Ss. FRANK WILSON,
Office of { Manager.

Auiliary Publishing Co.,
Toronto, Canada.

THE MASSASOIT

CRADLE CARRIAGE,

Weighs from 7 toi 9 pounds.

dance of the antique is left to maintain the
city’s reputation as the richest of curiosity
shops. The municipality has been chiefly
at the expense of constructing new streets—
foremost among which is the Via Naziona’s

which are now more numerous and better
managed than those of any other Italian
city. The pupils learn with a remarkable
aptness, and the younger generation of Ro-

Comfortable and Convenient.

For sick children it is invaluable. Medical men
recommend it. Prices within the reach of all. Send
for circular. Just patented.

E. WILBY, Manufacturer, Toronto
TEE BEST

LEATHER BELTING!

The children of the nobility

A decade with Rome as capital has ren-

It has, above all, become far
and less impressionable
Uni-

formerly established landmarks in town and ALL GENUINE SEA OE
country. Even the peasantry have joined

in the modern chase after comfort, and, no aa CATA LOGUE
longer content to vegetate in their poverty- STAR , AND
stricken districts, are emigrating in swarms On head ofrives PRICE LIST..

Not

(TRADE MARE.)

IN THE MARKET.
PE DIX ON.& CO;

MANUFACTURERS,
81 COLBORNE iSTREET, TORONTO.

Lyon & Alexander,

IMPORTERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF

kingdom, numbering now twenty-seven mil-
lions of inhabitants, is this emigration due,

has rendered the old starvation unpalatable.

But the completion of Italy’s long-coveted
unity has within the last ten years doubled
its debt. Its currency of paper money is at
a discount of 15 per cent. ; taxes and deficits
are yearly on the increase. The finances
have been wretchedly mismanaged since
Cavour’s death, the expenses, being many
times over what they should have been.
The excuse has been wars, great armies, and
works of internal improvement, such as the
Mont Cenis and Gothard tunnels, docks,
ports, ships, and railroads. In constructing
them the Italian legislators and financiers
acted as if several Californians were under
their thumb, and, indeed, as if no bills were
ultimately to be presented for payment. An
army and navy, increased out of all propor-
tion to the requirements of the nation, con-
tinue to drain the national exchequer, and
no prospect of stopping this drain is seen to
glimmer even faintly on the horizon. With-
al itis amusing to see with what levity the
ministerial organs at Rome touch upon the
national indebtedness. ‘‘ Baron Roths-
child, of Paris,” said one of them, lately,
“spoke very encouragingly of our finances.”
He must have spoken, then, with a view to
his own pocket, or to get possession of a.
portion of the country as collateral for the
money the rulers borrowed from him and

Photographic Goods, Mouldings,
Frames, Chromos, Mottoes,
Picture Matts, &c.

128 Bay Street,

TORONTO

DIAMONDS

Wink cut.
AND THE

Improved Diamond and the Hanlan

Cross-cut Saws will cut faster and stay in order long-
er than any other saw in the world. They are manu-
factured only by

R. H. SMITH & Co., St.- Catharines,

dissipated. and Sold by the Hardware rade every-
pee ee eee eee where. Take no other. We also make the Lance

Tooth, Lightning, Improved Champion, Eclipse, in

Tue London, Sevenoaks, Tunbridge short, all kinds and patterns, including the New

Improved Champion.

“St, Catharines Saw Works,”

Wells and Brighton coach horses, eighty in
number, were sold by Messrs. Tattersall, on
Sept. 20, and realized $18,500.

National Pills, superior to all other purga-
gatives in strength and virtue, in eafety and
wailduess of action.

CAUTION !

EACH PLUG OF THE

MYRTLE NAVY

IS MARKED

T. & B.

IN BRONSE LETTERS.

NONE OTHER GENUINE. ©

DIARRHGA, DYSENTERY, and all
SUMMER COMPLAINTS. |

he
oothe 1 can be relied

s, heals and strenet

Has NEVER failed to cure

CATARRH, NEURALGIA, |

and Nervous Headache.

Cold in the Head, Stoppage of the Nasal Passages, 4 .
Deafness, Dizziness, Dimness of Sight, and all kin- ad
dred complaints arising from neglected colds and |

Exposure.
(Patented in Canada, Febuary 14, i880.
SoLD UNDER THE Firm NAME OF Dosbyn & MITCHELL |

s= CURE GUARANTEED.

1f our “Sure Cure” be regularly and persistently

used as directed by labels on each box, we guaran-

tee relief in every case, and an absolute cure in all

cases where the patient is free from constitutional

ailments.

Siens oF CATARRH.—Sickening and disgusting mu-
cus from the nostrils, or upon the tonsils; watery
eyes, snuffies, buzzing in the ears, deafness, crackl-
ing sensations in the head, intermittent pains oyer
the eyes, fetid breath, nasal twang, scabs in the
nostrils, and tickling in the throat, are sure signs of
this dread disease.

Our Terms :—We express or mail “ Dobyn’s }
Sure Cure to any part of the Dominion for ONE
DOLLAR PERSINGLE BOX, or THREE BOXES
FOR TWO DOLLARS. In ordering, please write
your Name, Post Office and County plawly, and
send money by Post Office Money Order, or by {
Registered Letter. Address all orders to the Cana-
dian Agents and Manufacturers. ;

C. POMEROY & CO.

85 King Street West, Toronta,

—

16

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

BRYCE BROTHERS, MACHINERY OILS

ST. GmAWREN CE

LUMBER YARD

CORNER BERKELEY AND FRONT STS.

Planing Mill, No. 57 Outario St. -

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS

LUMBER, SASH, DOORS, BLINDS, &c.

Gis 5 Mills at Elmvale,

IN

Largest and Best Stock of Lumber in the City at Lowest Prices.

WH HAVE

CONSTANTLY ON HAND A LARGE STOCK OF

SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, ETC., ETC.:

Which we seJl ut Lower Rates than they can be had anywhere else in the City,

SPECIAL ATTENTION ctven to FILLING OF BILLS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION,

Houses built on easy terms of payment.

Houses to rent or for sale in any part of the city.

4 Best price paid forfLumber of all kinds, cedar posts, &c. a

The Queen's Hotel,

Toroute: (ans

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietor,

nav Patronized by Royalty and the best families.

Prices graduated according to rooms

THE ECONOMIST? | JOHN MCCRECOR & SONS,

Financial, Railway and Mining Journal,

BOSTON. PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORK.

$3.00 a Year, 10 Conts a Copy.

HE ECONOMIST IS DEVOTED

exclusively tothe Financial, Railway, and Mining
Interesis of the United States. It is the representa-
tive journal of its class in New England, and has, by
its conservative and independent policy, established
a reputation and circulation which giye it a com-
manding influence in its section. It aims to advance
and protect the legitimate mining industry, and to
guard investors from imposition and consequent
Togses.

Tuer Economist presents special inducements to ad-
vertisers through whichjto reach the wealthy classes
of New England. Its circulation among the Mining
States and Territories is large and rapidly increas-
ing.

Specimen copies free.

R. F. STRAINE, Business Manager,
31 Milk street, Boston.
New York Office : 115 Broadway.

FOR BARGAINS

Fine natches and J ewellery,

CALL AT

RYRIE’S, the Jeweller,

113 Yonge-st,, Toronto,

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF
STATIONARY,
MARINE, and
LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS,
and SHEE IRON WORK

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To Dealers and Consumers.

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PRICE FIVE CENTS.

PROSPECTUS.

The CANADA LUMBERMAN is now intro-

duced to its patrons, and so far has met
with a fayourable reception.

Before its publication a large number of
lumber and timber merchants and mill
owners in the Provinces of Ontario, Quebec
New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, and
manufacturers whose line is to supply ma-
chinery for mills, saws, axes. files, oil, belt-
ing, sleighs, &c., were consulted in refer-
ence to the advisability of publishing such a

journal.

‘Their opinion was that such a publication
could be made highly useful to parties en-
gaged in the various branches of trade above
alluded to, as well as to those more directly
interested in the mines and minerals of
Canada.

Acting on their suggestions, Taz CANADA
LumeeRMAN has entered on this extensive
and important field, with an adequate sense
of the responsibility of the undertaking ;
and whilst craving leniency until fairly
under way, we may repeat a portion of our
introductory, viz: nothing shall be wanting
on our part to make this journal a full and
complete record of the lumber business, and
all that relates to the trade in Canada. To
this end the latest market reports, the con-
tributions of trustworthy correspondents,
trade circulars, etc., will be freely used, to
give our readers the best, the earliest, and
most reliable information that can be ascer-
tained, concerning the important branch of
business to which the journal will be especi-
ally devoted ; while the mining, the milling,
and the manufacturing interests will receive
attention proportionate to their great claims
on the public. :

In short, it will be our endeavor to make
Tue Lumserman worthy of its title in every
respect ; and, while giving special attention
to the great staple industry to which it is
devoted, it will also furnish a carefully se-
lected amount of general reading that will
make it a welcome visitor in every family, |

Advertisers, especially those dealing in

mill, mining, and lumbering supplies and
daachinery, will find Tuz LuMBERMANa very
favourable medium of reaching their customa-
ers, a8 it will circulate among these classes,

receive more attention from them than
they have the time or inclination to bestow
on a general newspaper.

The success of the Lumuerman must de-
pend on the support it will receive from the
classes above referred to; we trust, there-
fore, that they will overlook shortcomings at
the commencement, and accord to the enter-
prise their generous and hearty support,

MORE TREES.

Seribner’s Monthly says:—We do not re-
member any article in this department of
the Monthly which has proved so prolific of
beneficent results as one which was publish-
ed four years ago, on “ Village Improve-
ment Societies.” It was responded to from
Maine to Texas, gave rise to a great deal of
enquiry, and resulted in the establishment
of a large number of associations for the
beautifying and improvement of village
property and life, One of the most import-
ant of all the improvements inaugurated was
the setting out of trees for shade and beauty
and profit ; and this is so important a mat-
ter, from an economical point of view, that
it deserves a special article. The appear-
ance of Mr. B. G. Northrop’s papers on
‘* Tree-planting” and ‘‘ Forestry in Europe”
makes the writing of the article both easy
and pleasant, Mr. Northrop has done a
great service to the country in collecting
and disseminating information upon these
subjects, and we know of no man who has
done, or is doing, so much as he to beautify
and enrich the State which honours him
with the charge of her educational interests,
Such a man is a treasure to Connecticut, at
any price, and he will not fail to be remem-
bered, when the results of his foresight and
enthusiasm shall become apparent and es-
tablished, as a great public benefactor.
More than fifty village improvement socie-
ties have been established in Connecticut,
mostly through his agency, and he has gone
up and down the State, making public ad-
dresses on the topic, until the public mind
is fully awakened. We can do our readers
no better service than in turning over the
pages of information and statistics he has
furnished, and quoting freely from them.
In illustration of the great interest attached
to forestry abroad, it is stated that, previous
to 1842 there had appeared in Germany
1,815 volumes on the subject of forestry,and
that an average of one hundred volumes on
that subject are published in that country
every year, There are more than 1,100
volumes on forestry in the Spanish language.
In America, the great question has related
to the best and quickest methods of getting
our forests out of the way. We have done
nothing but cut and burn our wood. De-
struction has been the end aimed at, and the
end has been only too well achieved, In
the Old World, the effect of the destruction
of forests has been very carefully and in-
telligently traced, and this effect should

give America pause at once in her sui-
cidal policy. To strip a vast realm of
its trees is to change its climate from a soft
and moist one to a dry and harsh one, to

dry up its streams, with all their capacities
for irrigation and navigation, and to trans-
form a fertile soil into a barren waste. It
is declared that Tunis and Algiers were once
fertile regions, supporting a dense popula-
tion. Their decadence is largely traceable
to the destruction of the forests. Rentzsch
ascribes the political decay of Spain to the
same cause. Hon. George P. Marsh says:
“¢ There are parts of Asia Minor, of Northern
Africa, of Greece, and even of Alpine Europe,
where causes set in action by man have
brought the face of the earth to a desolation
as complete as that of the moon, and yet
they are known to have been once covered
with luxuriant woods, verdant pastures and
fertile meadows.” Mr. Marsh is trying to
impress upon America the importance of ar-
resting the work of destruction going on
within her borders, and the facts which he
adduces from Persia and the farther Hast
may well excite our profound alarm. Re-
gions larger than all Europe are now with-
drawn from human use, though they once
flowed with milk and honey.

In the discussion of this matter of the de-
struction of forests, we have never noticed
any competent allusion to the agency of
railways. Mr. Northrop tells us how many
ties must be produced to furnish our 85,000
miles of railway, viz., 34,000,000 sleepers per
annum, These are astonishing figures, but
nobody talks of the consumption of wood for
the production of steam-power in locomo-
tives. Nearly all the railways of the coun-
try, passing through wooded districts, use
wood for steaming just as long as the line
will produce it. The conseqnence has been
that a railway is a scourge to all the forests
within five miles of it. The hills and val-
leys are stripped bare, A tornado ten miles
wide, destroying everything in its path for
the entire distance, would not be more dis-
astrous to the forests than a railway through-
out its length. Hundreds of thousands of
acres of beautiful woodlands, that were the
nursing homes of streams and the mothers of
climatic salubrity and balm, have been burn-
ed up in the locomotive furnace, and the
hills and valleys where the forests stood are
baking in the sun.

A world of mischief has been done already
in America, and now, of course, the ques-
tion is, ‘‘ What is the remedy?” The first
answer is, ‘‘ Stop destroying.” Wood must
be cut—that is true; but it is not necessary
to cut it clean, unless the land is needed for
cultivation. Timber must be felled for build-
ing and manufacturing purposes; but it is
not necessary to denude the land and burn it
over, Large tracts of undisturbed forests
should be left, and then, when the work of
destruction has been perfected, we must be-
gin and plant forests and let them grow.
The American is not a patient man. He is

‘particularly desirous to see the result of

his toils and his expenditures in his life-
time. To plant a forest, which it will take
fifty or sixty years to mature, seems like

| that so good an investment for one’s family
cannot be made as an investment in the
growth of a forest. Mr. Northrop quotes
Dr. James Brown as saying that he has seen
crops of larch, of sixty-five years’ standing,
sold for from $700 to $2,000 per acre, from
land that was only worth originally from §2
to $4anacre. it has been calculated by a
competent authority that a plantation of ten
acr‘s of European larch, to last fifty years,
will produce a profit of thirteen per cent. per
annum, and give a net profit of $52,282,75 !
Mr. Sargent, director of the Botanic Garden
and Arboretum of Harvard College, caleu-
lates that there are 200,000 acres of unim-
proved land in Massachusetts, which could
at once be covered with larch plantations
with advantage, and that, if so planted,
their net yield in fifty years would be con-
siderably more than a billion of dollars. Mr.
Northrop advises the Connecticut farmers to
plant white ash ; but Grigor says : ‘‘ No tree
is so valuable asthe larch in its fertilizing
effects, arising from the richness of its foli-
age, which it sheds annually. The yearly
deposit is very great, the leaves remain and
are consumed upon the spot wHére they
fall.”

Farmers who want information for prac-
tical use should send to Mr. Northrop for kis
book. Lands are various, and have their
special adaptations of certain kinds of trees,
All trees, however, are trees of life, whose
leaves are for the healing of theacres. Ifa

farmer have a sterile pasture, let him re-
member that the way to make it fruitful at
the leastexpense is to plant it with trees.
Trees have a chemistry of their own for
dissolving the elements of the rock in the
crevices of which they will grow. Spread a
throwing away life ; but it is demonstrable
sterile pasture with shade and strew it with
leaves every year, and a good piece of land
will be made of it for those who succeed the
planter, while the crop of trees will pay all
expenses and leave a handsome profit.

When we remember what a wonderfully
beautiful object a tree is, how important a
part it plays in all our landscapes, how use-
ful itis in the arts and economies of life, and
how beneficial it is in its climatic influences,
we do not wonder at the enthusiasm with
which specialists regard it, and the zeal with
which such a man as Mr. Northrop pushes
its claims upon the popular attention. If all
communities would give themselves up to
his leading, and share in his devotion, they
would do a good thing for themselves and for
the country. As for him we hope he will
not become weary with popular indifference,
and that, if necessary, he will be willing to
wait as long as it takes a tree to grow for
the reward which is sure to come to his
memory.

—_—_—__—____ > +2 +<—_____—_—__

Tur light at the entrance to Byng Inlet,
Georgian Buy, Muskoka District, Oatario,
has been removed to a new building erected
upon Gereaux Island, about halfa mile N.E,
4,N. from its old position. The light isa
fixed white catoptric, elevated 47 feet above

water mark, and should be visible 12 miles
from all points seaward.

oe eee

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

A Benevolent “Old Salt.”

On a certain winter's day, not many years
since, an uncommonly cold northwestern
blistered the Atlantic coast. Over toward
the sand-dunes which protect a particular
bay from the sea a man is fighting his way
across the frozen surface in the face of the
bitter gale. His objective is a house on the
wnidland near the shore. The contrast be-
tween the luxurious warmth and coziness of
the interior of this house and the cold deso-
lation which prevails without would furnish
ample material for the modern artistic ‘‘ sym-
phony” in color. After a hard struggle the
man reaches the shore ; under his arm flut-
ters a paper parcel.

He enters the kitchen of this particular
house, and with merely a nod to the cook
seats himself in silence by the fire. He is
perhaps sixty years of age—an ancient mari-
ner whom many battles with the elements
have rendered uncommonly reticent and un-
communicative. His head is bald, but an
enormous tuft upon the chin makes amends
for this deficiency, and adds to the grim so-
lemnity of his appearance. At a recent re-
vival, after fifty years’ practical contempla-
tion of life in various portions of the globe,
he experienced religion. Friends and his
dead wife’s mother had hoped that under
this soothing influence he might develop
more genial methods of expression ; but he
was a man, as we have said, in whom exper-
ience had confirmed a natural reticence,
When the moment arrived in which by some
sign or word of mouth he was, before the
assembled multitude, to show his ripeness
for grace, a great silence fell on the congre-
gation. With no change of countenance he
arose in his place, faced to the northeast, the
point from which he had always encounter-
ed the hardest gales, and roared out, as if
addressing a man at the mast-head, ‘‘ Look
ahere! I want religion, and I’m bound to
have it!” This said, he dropped back into
seat, silent, and grim. No change was ob-
served in his deportment ; he had satisfied
the exigencies of the conventional village
life. Under no influence could he be induced
to alter or soften the angles of his brief but
emphatic vocabulary. On the particularly
cold, day which I have mentioned he was
moved by another sentiment, for snugly
tucked in blankets on the upper floor of the
house in which he was then seated, a newly
born infant lay sleeping. From the mother,
surrounded by every attainable luxury and
comfort, this ancient mariner had once ac-
cepted a signal service, for which, up to this
time, he had never given any sign of appre-
ciative recognition, On this occasion for
twenty minutes or more he sat by the fire
grimly ruminating. Finally he started up,
and taking from under his arm the package
which he had thus jealously guarded during
the entire session, he advanced and placed it
on the table.

‘Look a here,” he said to the cook, “I
understand Y——’s woman” (Ang ice wife)
**is hove to with a baby ”—here he paused,
and nodded assent to his own statement, in
the direction of the northeast. ‘‘ Look a
here” (confidentially), ‘‘wimmin is mighty
onsartain at them times, so I fetched this ere
off the beach, a-thinkin’ she might like
suthin’ sorter tasty.” This said, he reseated
himself in solemn silence by the fire. An
examination of the ‘‘suthin’ sorter tasty,’
which was enveloped in a thoroughly thumb-
ed copy of the county paper, revealed a well;
sanded salt mackerel—a waif washed on th
beach from a recent wreck off the coast. |

a

A Gambler’s Method of Winning:

A German baron, who had been playing
heavily at ‘‘makao,” at the Pesth National
Casino, and had, during a few months, won
$40,000, was discovered cheating recently
in a very curious way. He always appear-
ed anxious to ‘‘take the bank,” by which
means he of course always dealt, He kept
down the pile of bank-notes in front of him
with a polished silver tobacco-box. He
dealt over this, and could thus see the cards
he dealt his players reflected in the lid of
the box! A certain general of the staf ob-
served this, and begged for the loan of the
box to roll a cigarette. This request he fre-
quéntly repeated, and observed that when
the box was away the baron had variable
luck like the others. The lucky gambler, a
well-known racing man and of excellent
family, is to be prosecuted as a common
swindler,

st oo 8 2

Last week a professional man addressed
an Irish artisan, who was waiting in his hall,
rather brusquely. ‘‘Halloa, you fellow, do
you want me ?” The answer was neat : ‘‘No,
your honor, I am waiting for a gentleman.”

ABOUT EMINENT PEOPLE.

Nina Boucrcavtt, the youngest daughter
of Agnes Robertson, is said to be predestined
for an irresistible soubrette actress, She is
receiving her education to that end in Hrance
and Germany, is small in stature, small-
featured, has a nez retrousse, and fine hazel
eyes,

THE present voyage of the Prince of
Wales’s sons includes Madeira, Brazil, the
Falklands, San Francisco, Vancouver's Is-
land, the Sandwich Islands, China, and
Japan, Their great--great--grandfather,
George III., never even saw the sea until he
was 50,

Kiya Lupwic of Bavaria, who in council
sits and makes his ministers stand, often
wakes his old chamberlain at three o’clock
in the morning to play billiards, and if he
dares to yawn he is soon made to feel the
weight of the royal displeasure.

Miss Minnig HAvx has been spending her
vacation in the south of France, Switzerland,
and the Black Forest. She is now to sing
through the principal Continental cities,
after which she contemplates a season of
concerts in London and the Provinces, as
other English towns are styled.

Mr. Lonaman, the well known publisher
of London has sold his estate at Farnborough
Hill to the ex-Empress Evcunie for $250,-
000. It consists of 257 acres and a pictures-
que mansion. The ex-Empress intends to
build on the property a memorial chapel to
receive the bodies of the ex-Emperorand the
late Prince Imperial.

Iv is related as characterizing the parties
given by Lady Borthwick that at one of
them there were present the Duke of Cam-
bridge, the Princess Mary and the Duke of
Teck, the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg,
the Crown Prince of Austria, Prince Ibrahim
of Kgypt, Midhat Pasha, Stanley and Cam-
eron, the African travellers, and that at the
same one Lady Waldegrave became acquaint-
ed with the Prince Imperial and Count
Schouvaloff,

Mr. Curipers, First Lord of the Admir-
alty in England, has been making his holi-
day tour in Ireland, accompanied by his
family. There have been spontaneous de-
monstrations in all the towns through which
he has passed in the west and south of Ire-
land, and innumerable addresses have been
presented, Personally unknown in Ireland,
Mr, Childers has received these compliments
as the representative of Mr. Gladstone’s
Government

Lorp VERNON, the father of Archbishop
Vernon Harcourt, and great grandfather of
Sir Wiiliam Harcourt, was walking one day
with a little boy, the son of his parkixeeper,
in his park at Sudbury in Derbyshire, when
a stag ran out from a herd of red deer, and
desperately attacked him. Lord Vernon
caught his assailant by the horns, and held
him with great difficulty while the little
boy, aged seven years, groped in his master’s
pocket for a penknife, with which, following
Lord Vernon’s instructions, he cut the stag’s
throat, dividing the jugular vein.

Mr. Ruskin will soon find himself unable
to visit Venice, as well as America, for
wsthetic reasons, as they propose to put
steam-launches on the canals there. But he
may be well content to stay at his beautiful
home ; it is called Brantwood, and is situat-
ed among the waters and mountains of the
English lake country. His house is full of
treasures, valuable manuscripts, among them
that of Scott’s Peveril of the Peak, ancient
missals exquisitely ornamented, paintings
by Titian and by Meissonier, Sir Joshua
Reynold’s Portrait of Angelica Kauffman,
and a unique collection of Turners,

OrrENBACH had a taste for magnificence,
and liked truth in the material order of
things. It was his cherished ambition to
found a theatre in which there would be no
shams. After the war he realized his wish,
and was ruined by it. La Gaite was his
Abbotsford. Stage accessories in Gounod’s
‘“‘Jeanne d’Arc,” ‘‘La Haine” of Sardou,
and ‘‘Genevieve de Brabant” were what
they professed to be. {n a short time the
manager had to liquidate and to sell his
stage accessories at a loss of 87 per cent.
He with difficulty met the demands of his
creditors, and he would have been obliged
to pass through the Bankruptey Court if his
wife had not placed in his hands a treasure
she had hoarded unknown to any one. A
very Jarge number of persons believed he
had the evil eye, the terrible Jettattura of
the south of Italy. The well-known poet
and critic, Theodore de Bannville, is said to
have always carefully avoided mentioning
the name of M. Offenbach in any of his arti-
cles for fear of evil consequences,

Pecuniary Independence.

We talk'agreatdeal aboutfour political, in-
tellectual, moral, and social independence:
all the world has heard us talk about them.
We donot enjoy themasmuch, perhaps as we
think. How much independence ot thought
has the journalist, for instance, who must
bidfor an audience, the author whose first
thought must benever to displeasea reader the
orator who must repeat the stock notions of
his hearers, the professor who hasto reconcile
evolution with theology ; how much liberty
of action has the voter who depends upon a
government salary, or who is in a politician’s
employ ? We can not very seriously blame
these people, to whom independence often
means starvation, What I want to set in
clear light is this : that independence in life
and thought depends, more than we like to
believe, upon ponunnsey independence ; it is
not to be had by wishing merely. Individ-
uals there are, and always will be, who will
suffer for their moral or intellectual inde-
pendence ; but communities will be what
circumstances make them. This again, I
want toset in clear light: that we are asa
community, deficient, in spite of all our
national wealth, and unnecessarily deficient,
in the best part of independence—the power
to enjoy our lives. In this respect we are
behind our friendsin France, with their two
millions of people living upon their incomes,

These two millions of people are not, for
the most part, either idle, or frivolous, or
wealthy people. Many of them live in the
cities, but more of them are quiet people
living on their modest properties in the
country, and enjoying their competence ina
rational way—enjoying friendships, social
pleasures, family affections, and all the
kindly observances of home life in a way
that we have little idea of—in away that the
tourist of Paris sees nothing of. We have
much to learn from the French, and among
the things that we have to learn are some
that may surprise us, One of these things
is the comfort, the unity, and the perman-
ence of French homes, The French home
and family, their happiness, their unity,
their permanence, these have been developed
by the combined industry, thrift, and do-
mestic sentiment of the most intelligent
people in Europe, andespecially by its great
middle class. We have the significant
testimony of Prince Bismark ‘‘that the
French nation has a solidity such as no other
pation of Europe enjoys.” and Mr- Matthew
Arneld, from whose Mized Essays I quote,
adds: ‘‘ This can only come from the broad
basis of well-being, and of cause for
satisfaction with life, which in France,
more than in other countries, exists.” If we
had two millions of people, or one million,
who were enjoying a competence, earned or
inherited, can it be doubted that we should
be a happier people, and a. better one, than
we are ? France and the United States have
this important feature in common—in each
country nearly one-half of the people live
directly by agriculture ; but our country
homes and families have not attained the
comfort or the permanence of these—T. M,
Coan, in Harper's Magazine for November,

et

~

Milk Poisoned by Sewage Water.

(From the Liverpool Post.)

What appears to be a terrible case of milk
poisoning isreported from Rochdale, There
has been an alarming outbreak of typhoid
fever in the town lately, upward of twenty
= being infected, of whom eight are

nown to have died. From investigations
made it seems that the families in which the
deaths occurred were all supplied with milk
from a particular farm. An examination of
the farm premisesin question led to the dis-
covery that there was a well under the
kitchen in which sewage water was found,
while in front of the farm buildings was a
cesspool in a filthy state. The borough medi-
cal officer of health, at an inquest of one of
the victims of the poisoned milk, said no
doubt the milk from the farm in questiou,
polluted by the sewage water, had caused
the outbreak of typhoid fever which proved
so fatal,

> + @- «—_____

THE apparent cause of the downfall of
John A. Woodward, who has absconded
with $82,000 from the Boston city treasury.
was an actress known as Imogene. Her
maiden name was Amy Louise Knowlton.
He fell in love with her, married her, main-
tained her in a costly home when she stayed
in Boston, and paid the heavy losses of her
unsuccessful tour as a star. The Boston
Herald says that some of the bills which
Woodward had to meet were for breakage
in hotels when his wife got d.unk,

GENERAL.

‘‘T amsatisfied with my lot,” said a real
estate owner who held a piece uf city ground
worth $5,000 a foot.

Tue Earl of Cawdor and party, numbering
six guns. recently succeeded in bagging the
extraordinary number of 566 hares in one
day. Gamekeepers and gillies were, of
course, unable to carry them, and they were
conveyed to the castle in carts,

Deap Lake, in California, is iar in
having no visible outlet, though a large
stream runs into it. The Indians believe
that it is bottomless and marks the s
where a wicked tribe once sank into

ground. No Indian can be induced to go
near it,
An important piece of patronage is likely

to fall tnis year into the hands of the Em-
peror of China. The Grand Lama of Thibet,
the personified god of the country, is dan-
gerously ill, and the priests have addressed
a memorial to the Emperor of China praying
him to elect a successor to whom the dying
Lama can im his divine attributes, or
rather his soul, which is supposed to be that
of Tzon Jappas, the founder of this branch

of Buddhism. The nomination of a success-
or remains with the of China as
suzerain of Thibet, and the if
it may be so called, isa one, the
income of the Lama been over $2,000,000.
The Lama lives in a ifient pa the
roof of which is covered with and in

it there are several hundred idols of’ the
same metal.

3

year there are nearly 10,000 children
more than 3,000 adults reported to the
lice as lost or missing. Last year about
thirds of the children and one-fifth
adults were found and restored to i
friends by the police ; the remainder
ed home, or were found, dead or alive, wi
the exception of 14] adults and 25 children,
of whose whereabouts no i has
ever been received. Last year persons
committed suicide, and 404 others
ed self-destruction, but were prevented from
so doing.

Tue last survivor of the Medusa has just
died at Bordeaux. Cesar fee pers Henry
was born at Paris in 1813, three —
afterward his ae in ae .
sa with his whole ily of ei
Every one knows the fate “ies oo.
Of its living freight of 450 souls, 175 were
put on the raft which Gericault has render-
ed memorable in his picture, 16 remained on
board, and 260 took to the boats and gai
the African coast, nearly 100 miles
French settlement at St. Louis,
family were ameng these last.
year-old child walked part of the
the burning, waterless sands ;
way he wasjcarried by the sailors.
tle caravan strewed its route with corpses,
but the survivors arrived safely at St. Louis,
and among them was the Henry family, safe
and well from the eldest to the youngest—a
result mainly due to the remarkable energy
of the father.

A LION tamer in a menagerie at San Fran
cisco gave a Chronic re r some cruel
facts about the training of beasts, He said
there was real denger si
had seen two men killed, and was badly bit-
ten once himself ; but he charged these mis-
haps to carelessness and too much mercy.
‘*You learn to tell,” he explained, ‘* what
kind of a temper the beasts are in, and con-
duct yourself accordingly. It ain’t hard to
dodge them, If they spring straight at you
all you've got to dois to a little on
one side, and if they dive high for your
throat you dive under’em. There's never
more than one goes for you at a time, and
that don’t occur often, The wild ones are
better and safer. This Eee used
toa and to being teased is
less afraid of you. Td
lions just from the jungles than
used to the public. When I first got into a
cage of untamed ones I’d havea f
with three or four iron rods in it,
If the beasts go for me, the men stand ready
to jab the irons into their mouths and m
’em let go.” He scouted the idea that
could be governed except by fear, excited by
inhuman treatment. e tried never to-err
on the side of gentleness, and had recen’
killed a lion by striking it a little too
on the head,

feiae

sf

a

Sea Music.
The tide rises, the tide falls,
The twilight darkens, the curfew calls ;
Along the sea sands damp and brown
The traveller hastens toward the town,
And the tide rises, the tide falls,

Darkness settles on roofs and walls,
But the sea in the darkness calls and calls ;
The little waves with their soft white hands
Efface the footprints in the sands,

And the tide rises, the tide falls,

The morning breaks: the steeds in their

stalls
Stamp and neigh as the hostler oalls ;
The day returns, but nevermore
Returns the traveller to the shore,
And the tide rises, the tide falls,

The Birthday.

OF THE BABY MADE FAMOUS IN DICKEN’S
AMERICAN NOTES,

The Gentleman who, while a baby, was un-
consciously immortalized in Charles Dick-
ens’ “Notes” of his trip to St. Louis was
met yesterday bya Republican reporter. It
was the gentleman’s birthday, and that cir-
cumstance led to the disclosure of facts com-
paratively little known regarding the identity
of characters described in the ‘‘ American
Notes ” of the great novelist.

The pretty little scene on board the boat
between St. Louis, as printed in the‘‘Notes,”
was of the most charming and soul-felt pic-
tures of character and emotion that ever
warmed the heart in fact or fiction, and
Forstersaid that ofall the writings of Dickens,
it was Lord Jeffreys’ favourite passage.

In a letter to Forster, dated on board the
boat, April, 1842, Dickens gives the story,
which for freshness excels the printed account
in the ‘‘ Notes,” and its publication will be
new to many. It runs as follows:

THE LITTLE WOMAN.

«« There was a little woman on board with
a little baby; and both little woman and
child were cheerful, good-looking, bright-
eyed, and fair tosee. The little woman had
been passing a long time with a sick mother
in New York. The baby had been born in
her mother’s house, and she had not seen her
husband (to whom she was now returning)
for twelve months. Well, to be sure, there
never was a littie woman so full of hope, and
“tenderness, ard love, and anxiety, as the
little woman was ; and there she was, all the
live long day, wondering whether he would
be at the wharf, and whether he had got her
letter, and whether, if she sent the baby on
shore by somebody else, he would know it,
meeting it in the street; which, seeing that
he had never set eyes upon it in his life, was
not very likely in the abstract, but was prob-
able enough to the young mother. She was
suchan artless littlecreature,and wasinsuch
a sunny, beaming, hopeful state, and let out
allthis matter clinging close about her heart

freely, that all the other lady passengers
entered into the spirit of it as much as she
did ; the captain (who heard all about it from
his wife) was wondrous sly, I promise you—
inquiring every time we met at table whether
she expected anybody to meet her at St.
Louis, and supposing

SHE WOULDN'T WANT TO GO

ashore the night we reached it, and cutting
many other dry jokes which convulsed all the
hearers, but especially the ladies. There
was one little, weazen, dried-apple old wo-
man among them who took occasion to doubt
the constancy of husbands under such-zir-
cumstances of bereavement and there was
another lady (with a lap dog) old enough to
moralize on the lightness of human affec-
tions, and yet not so old that she could help
nacsiae ie baby now and then, or laughing
with rest when the little woman called
it by the father’s name, andasked it all man-
ner of fantastic questions concerning him in
the joy of her heart, It was something of
a blow to the little woman that when we
were within twenty miles of our destination
it became clearly necessary to put the
baby to bed, but she got over that with the
game good humonr, tied a little handkerchief
over little head and then came out into
the with the rest, Then, such an
as she became in reference to the lo-
calities, and such facetiousness as was dis-
ed by the married ladies, and such sym-

as cig? gph by the bee le ones 3 and

such ughter as the little woman
feesdt cain veda just as soon have cried)
greeted vse d jest with. At last there were
poe pa Louis, and there was the
,and there were the steps; and the lit-

THE

CANADA

tle woman, covering her face with her hands
and laughing or seeming to laugh

MORE THAN EVER.

ran into her cabin and shut herself up tight.
I have no doubt that in the charming incon-~
sistency of such excitement she stopped her
ears least she would hear him ask for her;
but I didn’t see her to doit. Then a great
crowd of people rushed on board, though the
boat was not yet made fast, and was stag-
gering about among the other boats to finda

ahding place; everybody looked for the
husband and nobody saw him, when all of a
sudden, right in the midst of them—God
knows how she ever got there—there was
the little woman hugging with both arms
round the neck of a fine, good-looking,
sturdy fellow. And in a moment afterwards,
there she was again dragging him through
the small door of her small cabin, to look at
the baby as he lay asleep. What a good
thing it is to know that so many of us would
have been quite down-hearted and sorry if
that husband had failed to come.”

THE BABY

It will be a surprise to many in St. Louis

to know who were the parties so feelingly
touched by the pen of Dickens. The baby
alluded to, which has since grown up toman-
hood, is Mr, Charles R, Garrison, the eldest
son of a well-known citizen, D. R. Garrison,
Esq. The ‘‘little- woman,” the mother of
Chas, R Garrison, died about six years ago.
Her name was Annie Noye Garrison, and
her father, Richard Noye, was a native of
Plymouth, England. He was a local Meth-
odist preacher, and resided many years in
Buffalo, New. York., where hisson, John T.
Noye, still resides, the proprietor of the
largest burrmilling establishment in the
United States. Mr. Dharles R. Garrison,
aforesaid ‘“‘baby,” was 39 years old
yesterday, having been born in Brooklyn,
N. Y., October 12, 1841. His mother brought
him by way of Pittsburg, and, taking a Ohio
river steamer for St. Louis, they had una-
wares fallen in with and had their little his-
tory embalmed by the pen of Dickens.

Mr, Garrison has no memory of the event
described by Dickens, but as he grew up
his mother frequently rallied him on the fig-
ure he cut in the ‘‘ Notes,”

About Wine.

The five principal brands of Bordeaux
wine are the Chateau d’Yquem, the Chateau
Laffitte, the Chateau Margaux, the Chateau-
Latour, and the Haut Brion. The Chateau
and the domain of Yquem belong tothe fam-
ily of Sur-Saluces, who bought it in 1785
from the Seigneur Sauvage d’Yquem. The
domain covers 360 acres, about two-thirds of
which are flanked with the vines which yield
the wine. The average yield of the best
quality is 120 barrels of 200 gallons each,
and the prices realized vary very much ; for
while the vintages of 1859 and 1861 were
sold for $1,200 per barrel, those of 1858 and
1867 fetched little more thanhalf the sum.
Chateau Laffitte belongs to the Rothschilds,
to whom it was bequeathed by the lat
Baron James de Rothschild, who purchased
it in 1867 for $828,000 the average annual
yield of Chateau-Laffitte is 180 barrels of
200 gallons each, and of this 140 barrels are
first-class wine, fetching as a rule 1,800 per
barrel. Chateau-Margaux is of verv ancient
origin, the site of the present house being
that of a fortress belonging to the family of
Montferrand. Vines were not planted on
the domain till 1750, and in 1802 the prop-
erty was purchased. by the Marquis de Lac-
onilla, who pulled down the old castle and
built a very handsome chateau, which was
bought by Count Aguado in 1830. He sold
it for $1,000,000 toa Paris banker, M. Pillet-
Will, three or four years ago, the Margaux
domain yields upon an average 155 barrels of
wine, each being worth from year to year
$1,600. Chateau Latour, the joint property
of MM. de Flers, de Beaumont, de Graville,
and de Courtevron, the descendants of
theSegur family, belonged in the seventeenth
century tea secretary of Louis XIV.; and
this vineyard, the produce of which is nearly
all exported to England, yields about 90 bar-
rels of first-class wine. The vineyard of the
Chateau-Brion, which belongs to M. Amedee
Larrien, covers about 120 acres, and now
grows about 100 barrels of first-class wine.

The price of the Haut-Brion and the Cha-
teau-Latour may be put a trifle lower than
the Chateau-Margaux ; so that, taking these
five vineyards, one will not be far wrong in
estimating that they yield 645 barrels for
129,000 gallons), worth, when purchased im-
mediately after the vintage, a million of
dollars,

LUMBERMAN.

ceo

MIRTHFUL MORSELS.

To live long—grow tall.

Te mule understands the art of heeling.

Sona of the mouse: ‘‘ Hear me gnaw
ma.”

A two-foot rule—making “‘righte” and
“lefts.”

A BEGGAR set up business the other day
with a small sign reading, ‘“‘ help wanted.”

‘‘THRRE is no place like home,” repeated
Mr. Henpeck, looking atamotto, and he
heartily added : I’m glad thereisn’t.”

WHEN girls are young they like half a
dozen, birthdays a year; but as they grow
old they don’t care to have even one,

Tue difference between a goat and a
Scotch-man is this: The one delights in cold
oat meal and the other delights in old coat
meal,

TAKEN together, all the beauties of art
and nature do notinterest the inquisitive
female so much as the view she gets through
akeyhole.

Autumn gilds the leaf. Of course she does.
That’s her business. If she didf’t we'd
get some sort of a machine to doit for her
and dock the old gal’s wages.

RecrratTion room—Professor: ‘‘X., do
you know the meaning of that word?” X,
hesitates, A whisper. Professor: ‘‘your
friend is right,”

Isn’t it kind o’ curious that no woman
goes to the telephone to answer a ring with-
out wondering if her hair is all right and
her train in proper shape ?

A counTRY girl visited a music shop, and
asked for ‘‘The heart boiled down with
grease and care,” and ‘‘ When I swallowed
home-made pies.” The attendant at once
recognized what she desired.

Dunrine his recent visit to Hamilton the
Marquis of Lorne was treated to a fifteen-
minute address in ancient Gaelic. He is
at prepared for a visit from his mother-in-
aw.

Some tasteful individual very correctly
remarks that the best lip-salve in creation is
akiss; the remedy should be used with
great care, however, as it is apt to bring on
an affection of the heart.

Country schoolmaster: ‘‘How many
hens have you?” Boy: ‘* Well, one died,
and the other didn’t live.” Schoolmaster :
‘‘Then you have none?” ‘‘Oh, yes, we
have got six that ain’t hatched yet.”

CHEMISTRY recitation : Professor—‘‘what
is water ?’ Student. ‘‘water is an article used
as drink.” Professor, interrupting—‘‘ Can
you nameany ofits properties?” Student
—‘‘ Well it occasionally rots boots” Hzeunt
omnes,

WHEN a Yankee is struck by a thunder-
bolt and knocked endways clear across a ten
acre lot. the only great regret he feels, upon
recovering corsciousness, is the dishearten-
ing fact that he can’t capture the bolt and
exhibit it for money.

‘©? PeaRs to me your mill goesawful slow,”
said an impatient tarmer boy toa miller. “I
could eat that meal faster ’n you grind it.”
‘* how long do you think you could do it,
my lad?” quoth the miller, ‘‘ Till I starved
to death,” replied the boy.

CHARLES Fox and his friend Mr. Hare,
both much incommoded by duns, were to
gether in a house, when, seeing some shabby
men about the door, they were afraid they
were bailiffs in search of one of them. Not
knowing which one of them wasin danger,
fox opened the window, and, calling to
them, said: ‘‘Pray, gentlemen, are you
Fox-hunting or Hare-hunting ?”

Pror. OtpBERG, of Washington, recom-
mends various changes in the pharmaceutical
nomenclature, which are vigorously opposed
by the druggists, who don’t propose being
swindled out of their godlike prerogative
of charging extra for their Latin, and put-
ting down five cents worth of potash as ten
cents worth of potassa pura, misc, cum nihil,
id est omnes, dissolved in aqua, fifteen
cents extra.

‘¢ An acute observer,” said Dr. Borum,
‘can easily detect the nationality of a man.
Now, one could easily tell that yonder fellow
unloading thecart was Hibernian.” Here
the horse twisted his head around and threw
off some of his harness, and the unloader
shouted: ‘‘Make pehave yourself mit your
head dere, you tuyftll, vill you?’ which
rather shook the doctor’s reputation as a
physiognomist. .

Pat—*‘ Och, Bridget, did. ye niver hear
uv my great spache afore the Hibernian

society?” Bridget—‘‘ No, Pat, how should
I? for shure I wae not on theground.” Pat
—‘* Well, Bridget, ye see I was called upon
by the Hibernian society for a spache ; and,
be jabbers, I rose with the enthusiastic
cheers of thousands, with me heart over-
flowing with gratitude, and me eyes filled
with teare, and the divil a word did I
spake,”

“ Any seeds of the future lying under the
leaves of the past 7’ is the very pertinent
inquiryof the knowledge seeker. Theremay
be; or it’s barely possible that the seeds of
the past are lying under the leaves of the
future or the leaves of the future may be lying
under the seeds of the past ; or the seeds of
the leaves may be lying under the future of
the past—at any rate, something is lying,
and if you expect to get through a heated
political campaign hke this without it,
there’s where you dispose of yourself,

A GENTLEMAN who hag a bill against
Gilhooly has been bothering that distin-
guished Galvestonjan for weeks for a settle-
ment, The other day he called on him and
said: ‘‘Now, Mr. Gilhooly, I want you to
tell me when you will pay that bill.” ‘‘didn’t
I tell you I was going to pay it ultimately ?”
“Yes but I want to set some day, so I can
make my calculations.” ‘‘I’ll pay it ultim-
ately.” ‘* Can’t you be more definite 7 When
will you pay it ultimately?” ‘* Well, I
will pay it d—d ultimately, Now, I hope
you are satisfied.”

Lorp REDESDALE, somewhat shabbily
dressed ,as is his wont, recently went to see
the foreign minister on business. Knocking
at the door, he was received by the footman,
who, without knowing who Lord Redesdale
was, informed him curtly that Lord Gran-
ville was not at home. ‘‘ But look ’ere,”
continued the flunky, ‘‘just run and get me
a pint of ’arfand ’arf, will you,”—producing
ajug. ‘‘ Certainly.” replied Lord Redesdale,
and, taking the jug, away he toddled for the
beer. Bringing it back he handed it to the
footman, who first of all took a regular
quencher, and then Lord Redesdale, politely
declining the offer of a drink, quietly re-
marked: ‘Oh, by the by, when your
master comesin tell him that the earl of
Redesdale called to see him !” You may
imagine how the footman felt at that sub-
lime moment. and how Lord Granville con-
veyed his displeasure to him when, after
hearing the anecdote told amid roars of
laughter in every club he went into, he
arrived at home and had an opportunity of
hearing the flunky’s explanation.

= oo 2

Rare Elephants.

There are now on exhibition in New York
two peculiar elephants brought from the
mountains of the Malay peninsula, about
800 miles from Singapore. They are remark-
able for their small size, being respectively 28
and 36 inchestall ; and for being covered
with a thick coat of bristly hair or wool.
They are supposed to be from five to seven
years old. Insizethey resemble the extinct
elephants of Malta, andin covering, those of
Siberia. Their woolly coat is attributed to
thecireumstance that they live high upon
the mountains where the climate is cold. The
species appears to be all but unknown to
naturalists, this pair being the first that have
survived the passage through the heated
low country to the coast and the subsequent
journey by sea. The sailors on the steamer
which brought them—the Oxfordshire, Cap-
tain C. P. Jones—named them Prince and
Sidney. They are described as playful and
harmless, and they keep their little trunks
stretched out to strangers to be petted.
They love to be scratched onthe under side
of the trunk close to the mouth, ard they
hold their trunks curled back over their
head as long as any one scratches them.
Like elephants of larger growth, they keepup
a swaying motion, either sidewise or for-
ward and backward. When a visitor lets one
of the little fellows take his hand he deli-
eately curls his proboscis around it and car-
ries it gently to his mouth. Then he trum-
pets his satisfaction,

or oo

JoHN BUTLER, a tramp, had -seen better
days, Finding himself hungry and desti-
tute in St, Clair County, Ohio, -he resolved
to revenge himself upon those prosperous
farmers who had since morning refused to
feed him. Stesling a horse -from a stable,
and some matches from a barroom, he rode
away to perform his strange task. During
a ride of two miles he set fire to. seven barns
all of which were destroyed. The line of
incendiarism would doubtless have been ex-
tended much further, had- he not been
ig las pursued. He was caught while

indling the eighth fire,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

The Gatineau River.

-—

This important river joins the Ottawa
river from the north, a short distance below

the city of Ottawa, and nearly opposite to
where the Rideau river joins the Ottawa
from the South. It has for many years been
the outlet of a vast timber trade, and still
operations are carried on towards its head
waters very extensively. The principal
firms now carrying on the lumber business
‘‘up the Gatineau,” are Hamilton Bros.,
Gilmour & Co., and G. B. Hall & Co. The
latter firm has a branch depot and farm on
the Desert river. The farm comprises 800
acres, of which 250 are under cultivation,
employing 14 permanent farm labourers,
mndee charge of Mr. A. Mooney. The saw
mills belonging to the firm of G. B. Hall &
Co. are complete and extensive, and are
situated at Montmorenci Falls, below Que-
bec ; the logs therefore have to be brought
down the Gatineau, and rafted on reaching
the Ottawa river—thence floated down the
Ottawa and St. Lawrence to the mills at
Montmorenci. Only the choicest logs are
thus rafted, those of an inferior quality are
sold for local consumption, About twenty-
six million feet of logs are annually sent on
to the Montmorenci mills,
Messrs, Gilmourhave extensive mills down

the water at Chelsea, about 8 miles from
the city of Ottawa and 9 miles from the
confluence of the Gatineau with the Ottawa
river, and also an extensive and complete
steam saw mill on the west bank of the Ga-
tineau river, at its mouth. This latter
establishment is driven by a 250 horse-pow-
er engine, and has 3 slabbing, and 3 stock
gates and one large circular saw for dimen-
sion timber, together with lath, picket and
shingle machines. The capacity of the mill
is about 130,000 feet per day. About 20
million feet of lumber are turned out during
the season. A portion of the supply of logs
are obtained up the Ottawa river and the
balance come from the Gatineau. Most
complete arrangements are made to prevent
fire. A large Selby fire engine works in
connection with a cistern, which is placed
on a tower 50 feet high, and which supplies
pipes laid through the lumber yard, with
hydrants at convenient points. The docks
are large and built on piles. About 10 mil-
lion feet of lumber will be held over this
winter. Of the Chelsea mills we shall have
more to say at afuture time. We shall al-
so refer to the mills of Messrs. Hamilton
Bros, at Hawkesbury,
OT ——————ee
New Brunswick.

We have pleasure in acknowledging re-
ceipt of the nineteenth report of the Sur-

veyor-General (Hon. M. Adams) of New
Brunswick, for the year 1879. It is full or
information—important and interescing to
the people of the Province, The readers of
the LumBrerMAN will be pleased to know
that although, on account of the continued
depression ef the lumber trade during 1878
and 1879, which caused a large deficiency in
the local revenue, a change for the better, as
predicted by the Surveyor-General, in his
report, had taken place and a great revival
in this industry has produced the most
gratifying results amongst the people. The
renewals for licenses for cutting timber and
the annual general sales for the year were
small—the total number of square miles sold
being only 107, at the rate of $8 per mile.
The amount paid in to the Government to
renew licenses is given at $15,016, being for
1877 square miles at the rate of $8 per mile.
The principal lumbermen, in New Bruns
wick, according to the official statement are
as follows. The subjoined table shows the
the superficial contents of the spruce and
pine logs cut by each of the largest operators
—over 175, in all, as given in the official
list :

Pieces, Feet.

Adams & Co......... 47,268 4 203,876
Cushing & Clank,.... 11,690 1,169,582
J.&S. Farley,....... 19,164 2,079,458
A GDSONS « recesetes oer 12,169 1,098,616
Gi Geman gy ereraieiore - 26,017 2,473,328
Alex. Morton...... ee 13,694 1,554,415
Wm. Muirhead...... 51,456 5,008, 287
Alex. Morrison...... 15,070 1,746,001
Geo. McLeod........ 71,634 7,421,899
John McLaggan...... 19,075 1,514,549
Hugh McLean.,...... 17,482 1,762,146
J.D, Ritchie& Co.... 43,264 4 132,606
J. B. Snowball...... 158,123 17,980,680
Stephenson & McGib-

[1 EE Gren Be 36,595 3, 108,600
P. R. Whitney...... 20,890 2.593, 000
John Young........ . 28,923 3,180,555

Total takenout.... 854,247 88,856,803

Also pine timber,1,010 pieces, equal to 868
tons; besides hemlock logs, 810 pieces,
equal to 92,750 feet, and cedar logs, 38,323
pieces. The statement is certified to by
J. A. McCallum and Edward Jack, Official
Lumber Agents. It will be interesting to
compare the statement of 1880 with the
former year.

———___—~ <-> ______
Winnipeg.

The Winnipeg Times gives an extended
list of the building operations in the City of
Winnipeg during the current year, The
number of houses erected is stated to be 261 ;
the cost of which amounts to nearly one
million dollars. If counted by tenements
the number would reach 400 dwellings and
stores. The city covers a site of about 2,000
acres or nearly three square miles. The
assessment in 1874 was a little over $2,000,-
000, last year it reached the sum of $4,600,7
160. The taxation rate is given at 15 mills
on the dollar, After the Red River troubles
had been suppressed, more than ordinary
attention was directed to the North West,
and a tide of immigration set in, which gave
Winnipeg its first impetus as a rising city.
Manitoba was constituted a Province, with
Winnipeg as the Provincial capital. This
gave a metropolitan character to its place.
In November 1873 the city was incorporated,
at which time the population did not exceed
2,000—now it numbers about ten thousand
souls. In 1870 the place was known as
Fort Garry, the chief trading post of the
Hudson’s Bay Company, and a population of
about 300, the majority of whom were half-
breeds and Indians, employed by the Hud-
son’s Bay Company. The carrying trade of
the country has increased immensely, con-
sisting of general merchandise, agricultural
implements, stock, furs, coal, wood, lumber,
immigrants’ effects, and farm products of all
kinds, A large amount of lumber has been
towed in barges from the saw mills on a
number of rivers that flow into Lake Winni-
peg. Three brick yards have been established
during the year, which with one previously
in operation, must have mannfactured 3,000, -
000 bricks this season, There are two grist
mills, one foundry and machine shop, six
steam saw mills and lumber establishments,
two breweries, two malt houses, one distillery,
two cigar manufactories, a soap factory, a
biscuit factory, and thirty-four hotels. The
principal contractors and builders in this,
city were Hugh Sutherland & Brothers,

-— oo
Belleville.

The latest from Belleville is, that lumber-
ing operations on the River Moira, are going
on vigorously. The principal operators on
the river are, H. BK, Rathbun & Son, Mill-
point ; Gilmour & Co,, Trenton ; also Suther-
land, Caniffton, and William Sutherland,
of the Steam Mills, on the bay, two miles
east of Bellleville. Messrs. Rathbun and
Gilmour are also operating on the River
Trent, and their cut of logs this season
will make about twenty million feet of
lumber for each. Messrs. Sutherland will
each take out about three million feet.

The following quantities are reported as
being shipped under the Customs’ supervision
this season, from the port of Belleville, up
to Ist Nov., viz.: Lath, 8854 M, $2498 ;
Hop Poles, $264; Heading, $1404; R. R.
Ties, 6500 pes, $1815 ; Lumber, 11,393,000,
$110,828,

Mr. A. Waters, harbour master, reports
that the barley shipped this season from
Belleville will overrun 600,000 bushels,
whilst only 465,000 bushels were shipped in
1879.

eee oo oe 8
Trenton.

The Customs report shipped from the
Port of Trenton, up to 18th Noy. 1880, as
follows ;

Lath; 3/565 MMs cere. cates: tthe htehen $3 494
Lumber, 23,190,000 feet.......... 292 669
Staves: Us IM elel. oh bh wea hton. « 3 809
Stave Bolts, 150 cords............ 450
igkats MeL oN: en erteyord che distertaraias 230
Other woods,....... Siotuccghuaentedts:« 3 170

$303 822

Montreal.

At the port of Montreal last week the
season for lumber export was reported as
about closing, yet a large quantity of lumber
remained on the wharves at Hochelaga.
There were four more ships to be loaded to
complete the season’s shipments, Two were

loading at Hochelaga, and the other two
are expected there daily. If is necessary,

however, it is stated, that the balance of the
lumber should be sent away to some more
sheltered place than the Hochelaga ip

he
New York Lumber Company, to whom it|P
chiefly belongs, are at present employing
barges and like craft to convey it to New
It was expected the lumber will be

offer before the setting in of winter.

York,
removed during the next two weeks.

————q8 222 oe _
Napanee.

Up to 1st Nov. 1880, the Customs report
shipped from the Port of Napanee, which

includes Mill Point, as follows :—

Bg ths 25; Lo Wate alensarsisscye et elerio ah $9 728
Plank, &c., 19,607,000 feet........ 163 708
Shingles) ,0,420 (Pie). aaelcinss aeuesciele 6 060
Sbaves, Sz owiehe hcrnmnas oneal 720

Stave Bolts, 390 cords...........-
R. RB. Ties, 75,913 pesinc. «00 bene
Other: Woods sce sms» ceviche dusaslact

$201 599

The Chaudiere.

From Ottawa we learn that the last lum-
ber barges for the season were loading on
The Chandiere saw mills
are yet running, and will not close as long
as the present soft weather continues. The
stock of lumber on hand for wintering is
comparatively small, and is principally sold-
Next week we intend to give a short sketch

Monday, 8th inst.

of the extensive saw mills at the Chaudicre,
oe

Rice and Cheese.

We all know that rice is very nourishing
and wholesome ; indeed, it is said to consti-

tute the chief food of one-third of the human
race,

rice—say half a pound, Wash it well, for

if rice is well washed in the first instance it
is not so likely to burn afterward. Put it

in a saucepan with cold water to cover it,
and bring it to a boil, then drain it and re-
turn it to the saucepan with a pint and a
half of milk, a little pepper and salt, and a
piece of bread and butter about the size of a
fourpenny piece. Let it simmer gently till
it is tender, and if necessary adda little
more milk, but it ought not to be moist.
While it is boiling prepare a quarter of a
pound of grated cheese. Grease a dish with
bacon fat ; spread the rice and cheese upon
it in alternate layers, the cheese forming the
uppermost layer. Puta little more bacon
fat over all, and put the rice in the oven to
brown. Serve as hot as possible.
ee

Tue Norra WeEstTERN LUMBERMAN.—We
have pleasure in referring to this excellent
journal, and propose to make ita model for
the CANADA LEMBERMAN. Of course it will
take some time to come up to this standard,
but it is best to ‘‘aim high.” Our big bro-
ther says, that for 1880-1 it will more than
ever merit the title of ‘‘ the first trade jour-
nal in the world.” So mote it be. ‘‘ The
Lumberman’s Directory” is the title of a
useful hook, compiled and published by W.
B. Judson Esqg,, editor of the ‘* North
Western Lumberman.” It locates every
saw and shingle mlll, of any account, if the
great white pine districts of the North
West, and South of the Ohio river. This
work must prove of great value to all con-
nected with the lumber trade in those re-
gions. A similar work is much needed in
Canada.

—_—————— + 2 +
THE four best shots in England,outside of
professionals, are the Earl De Grey, Lord
Walsingham, Lord Huntingfield, and the
Maharajah Duleep Singh. Lord Dacre, Lord
Leicester, Lord Henniker, Lord Ripon, and
me Hartington are also regarded as good
ots.

Rice and cheese cooked together are
excellent. For this we take avy quantity of

MINING NEWS.

THE HIBBARD ANTIMONY CO,

A company bearing the above title has
recently been organized in New Brunswick,

with a capital of $650,000 divided into 130,-

000 shares of $5 each, and $100,000 in the
treasury,

Among the shareholders of this ,
says an exchange, may be found some of the
most influential capitalists of Boston. Hon.
W. B. Fowle is President, Hon Francis Hib-
bard of New Brunswick, Lewis Coleman,
Stephen N. Stockwell and Thomas F, Tem-
le of Boston, Directors, and J. W. Kimball,
of Newton, Secretary and Treasurer.

The company has completed the purchase
of the valuable mining property formerly
owned by the Lake George Antimony Com-

any, situated in the parish of Prince Wil-

iam, York County, N. B., and the title
deeds have been passed and placed on record.
The President and Directors have just re-
turned to Boston from a visit to the mine
and express themselves as greatly pleased
with the developments and prospects of the
company. .

The property of the company consists of
900 acres of land, on which there are exten-
sive deposits of antimony ore. The build-
ings, machinery and other improvements
have cost over $70,000. rem this pro-
perty is fully equipped with necessary
machinery for doing a large mining busi-
ness, the new company is removing 2
thing which falls below the ence eiliiadh,
and are replacing the same by the latest and
most improved inventions, among which is
one of Bradford’s celebrated concentration
works, which will be in operation in a few
weeks, and is guaranteed to concentrate
tons of ore in 10 hours. ,

Joie less —_ six shafts, or slopes, have

en sunk on the property, ranging in

from 40 to 130 eet. all of which

very rich ore in great quantities. The veins
are true fissure veins, dipping to the north at
an angle of about 45 degrees, At sur-
face they are from three to four inches thick,
and increase in thickness and purity as they
descend, till, at a depth of 130 feet, the vein
or lode is 36 inches thick and of remarkable
purity, assaying 75 per cent. pure metallic
antimony.

Two of these veins have been opened about
75 feet apart, and have been traced on the
companys property for considerably more
than a mile in length. Four gs of men
are now at work in the s taking out
very rich ore, and, after some further prepa-
ration, the company expect to employ over
100 men.

The property is situated in the midst of a
large farming district, where supplies of
every kind are abundant and cheap ; hard
wood can be bought, laid down at the mine
for $1.25 per cord, and the usual price of
labor is $1 to $1.25 per day.

The mine is three miles from navigable
water on the St. John River, and only six
miles from railway communication by a leve
road, now in course of construction. The
ores or smelted metal can be shipped from
the port of St, John, N. B., to any port of
the United States or Evgland at a trifling
cost. The supply of antimony for the past
50 years has been derived ost entirely
from the Island of Borneo, but this supply
is now ruvning short, while the demands and
uses for the article are increasing on every
hand, so much so that this company has re-
ceived no less than three inquiries from large
dealers in England, wanting to know if they
could obtain anything like a large supply of
antimony in this country. A written offer
has been received from one of these parties,
the largest smelter and dealer in the article
in the world, offering to enter into a contract
for 500 tons of antimony ore per month for
a period of three years, on a basis of about
$110 per ton for — ore vey: Severs
will produce, able in cash on deli =
and, Unters it pn boner that this ore can
be mined and laid down at the port of
delivery at less than $30 per ton some idea
can be formed as to the immense profits that
will accrue to the stockholders of this com-
pany. Another very important feature in
this enterprise is that it has passed
all the experimental stages of un i
and doubt, and has now become an
fact, a reality that can hardly fail to produce
the most gratifying results. :

CAPE BRETON OIL REGIONS,
The Cape Breton

Oil and BE a is
thus referred to “a the Port Hawkesbury
Beaconman, whohas
He says: the ‘“‘Cape Breton Oil and Min-

ing Company "—o

een Visiting thislocation.
which Major Smith is

Mmanager—have up a splendid rig on the
land just across the road from the widow
McDonald farm, and we were permitted to
see the drill in operation, and also witnessed
the performance of (‘drawing the tools,”
pumping, etc. When we were there the
drill had gone down about three hundred
feet—the result of a few days’ work, and it
is calculated that the well will be completed
in about three weeks. Mr. Thomson, the
operator, considers the indications good, and
hopes to obtain a show of oil very soon. The
derrick is 25 feet in height ; the drill cuts
an eight inch hole, and is worked with a cable
—a system of drilling, which, although newin
Cape Breton, is the favorite in the great
Pennsylvania oil fields, and is said to be the
most effective mode of sinking wells. The
well-house contains ail the necessary equip-
ments for saving labor, and the great ma-
chinery is worked by operators Thomson
and Murray, with a few assistants, in an
astonishingly smooth manner. The writer
further says—‘‘The Bay View House,”
Whycocomagh, thirteen miles distant from
the oil location, presents the appearance of a
veritable Mining Exchange just now. While
_-we were there on Friday and Saturday last
the following gentlemen directly interested
in the Cape Breton oil and mineral fields
made the ‘‘ Bay View” their headquarters :
Dr. Rae, Mineralogist, of New York ; Mr.
Roberts, of Boston, owner of the Bay of
Fundy stone quarries ; Mr. Howle, of Fowle
& Carroll, Boston, who is largely interested
in the Oil Company of which Mr, Loughead
is manager; Mr. Theodore Hale, a mining
expert, recently from Colorado, and who has
explored the mining districts of N evada and
California ; Capt. Nelson, of Halifax, who
anticipates operating upon territory held by
him in the vicinity of the Lake. J. 8. Loug-
head and Major Smith, are the resident
managers of the oil wells at the Lake.
A syndicate of Boston capitalists has been
formed for the purchase of a valuable min-
-ing property on Chaudiere River, inthe Pro-
vince of Quebec. This new corporation is
to be capitalized at 50,000 shares, and will
be known as the Boston and Chaudiere Gold
_ Mining Company. Work on the property
is to be commenced immediately.

Mr. Munson is shipping thirty cars of iron
ore per week from the Sexsmith mine at
Madoc, and Messrs Coe & Mitchell make a
- weekly shipment of twenty-five cars from
the Hematite mine, and will increase this
shortly to fifty cars weekly. The Seymour
mine is also being worked extensively.

OTTAWA VALLEY.

Mr. Garrett, geologist, Ottawa, states
that a mine of red jasper, banded with beau-
tiful yellow tints, has lately been developed
in the township of Hull, and the jasper
being a silicate is capable of receiving a fine
polished surface. This mineral is used
chiefly for urns and jewellery.

Mr. Garrett also reports the discovery of
a galena mine, in the Township of Fitzroy,
bearing pure ore at 80 per cent. The de:
posit is said to be large and not many miles
from the city of Ottawa.

A very extensive deposit of iron pyrites is
also reported, at Le Faivre village, from
which ten thousand tons could be supplied
forthwith, at a very moderate cost, as the
mine is said to be within one mile of the
Ottawa River. This is very opportune, as,
should the French capitalists now in the
Ottawa Valley region buying up large
quantities of Phosphate of Lime, as well as
phosphate mining locations, for the purpose
of manufacturing superphosphates, com-
mence work on the large scale proposed, the
iron pyrites will come in just at the right
time and place.

Tue Rains AND THE LUMBERMEN-—We
(St. John Sun. Noy. 2) understand that the
great rains have had the effect of bringing
to the ponds of the Bay mills, from St. John
to Albert County, all the logs which had

been hung up awaiting a freshet. Those
mills will accordingly have a good Fall’s
sawip,

&-

We also learn that the Grand Falls jam
of logs started again yesterday at 3 p.m.,
and the logs were running all the rest of
the afternoon, A telegram to the Sun states
that the Arostook Falls jam had broken and
the logs were running past Andover at9 yes-
terday morning.

Dou Prpro, Emperor of Brazil, wished
to test a certain railroad brake. He had one
adjusted to a car, and started off for a
trial trip. The engineer soon saw vhat
seemed to be a big rock on the track ahead,
and applied the brake, stopping the train
within afew feet of the obstacle, which
proved to be of pasteboard,

THE CANADA

The Greatest Steamships of the
World.

[N. Y. Journal of Commerce.]

The Great Eastern, 18,916 tons, 2,600
horse power, was built at London, begun in
1854 and finished in 1858, by J. Scott, Rus-
sell & Co. Length 670 feet 6 inches, breadth
of beam 82 feet 8 inches, depth of hold 45
feet 2 inches; owned by Great Hastern
Steamship Company, London and Liverpool.
It is difficult to state her precise cost, since
the company engaged in her construction
failed soon after she was launched and before
she was fitted up and sold the hull (if we
remember rightly) for £160,000, much less
than it had cost. We once saw a statement
that she had cost, when ready for sea, $3,-
880,000, but we have no means of verifying
the figures. The total loss of money on this
steamer up to 1875 was estimated at one
million pounds sterling,

Arizona, 5,147 tons, 1,200 horse power,
built on the Clyde in 1879, by J. Helder &
Co. Length 450 feet 2 inches, breadth of
beam 45 feet 4 inches,depth of hold 35 feet 7
inches,

City ot Peking, 5,079 tons, 1,000 nominal
horse power (effective 4,500), built by Dela-
ware Shipbuilding Company, of Chester, Pa.,
in 1874, Length 450 feet, breadth of beam
48 feet, depth of hold 38 feet 5 inches. Own-
ed by Pacific Mail Steamship Company,
New York,

City of Tokio, 5,079 tons, 1,000 nominal
horse power (effective 4,500), built by J.
Roach & Son, Chester, Pa., in 1874, Length
402 feet 8 inches, breadth of beam 46 feet 9
inches, depth of hold 36 feet 6 inches. Own-
ed by Pacific Mail Steamship Company,
New York.

Germanic, 5,008 tons, 760 nominal horse
power (effective 3,500), built by Harland &
Wolf, at Belfast. in 1874, Length 455 feet,
breadth of beam 45 feet 2 inches, depth of
hold 33 feet 7 inches. White Star Line,

Hooper, 4,935 tons, 400 nominal horse
power ; built on the Tyne in 1873 by C.
Mitchell & Co. Length 338 feet 2 inches,
breadth of beam 55 feet, depth of hold 34
feet 6 inches. Owned by Hooper Telegraph
Works, London.

Faraday, 4,908 tons, 500 nominal horse
per ; built on the Tyne in 1874 by C. Mit-
chell & Co. Length 360 feet 4 inches,
breadth of beam 52 feet 3 inches, depth of
hold 34 feet 7 inches. Owned by Liemens
& Co., London.

There are also between 40 and 50 other
ocean steamers ranging between 4,000 and
5,000 tons. The Hooper and Faraday were
both built for cable laying, but are now em-
ployed in general freighting business. The
Furnessia, lannched at Barrow 20 inst., is
the largest steamer now afloat next to the
Great Eastern, but the cable telegram an-
nouncing her launch does not give her
dimensions. She is an Anchor line boat.
The steamer Alaska, now building on the
Clyde for Guion line, is to be 6,500 tons.
Her owners say that ‘‘her dimensions will
be; Extreme length, 500 feet; breadth of
beam, 50 feet, and depth of hold from main

deck, 38. There will be 150 state-rooms in

the first cabin, and the saloon will accom-
modate 350 passengers. The second cabin
will contain berths for 50 persons and on the
after end of the main deck will be be quarters
for 120 steerage passengers. The Alaska
will have a capacity for carrying 2,000 steer-
age passengers if necessary. Her engines
will have a greater power than those of any
vessel now sailing the Atlantic. She will
be a great improvement on the Arizona, of
the same line, which is now the fastest
ocean steamship afloat. Her boilers will be
heated by 54 differentfurnaces. The Alaska
will, in good weather, be able to cross the
Atlantic in six and one-half days. No ex-
pense will be spared in tryirg to make her
the finest as well as the swiftest, steamship
plying between Europe and New York. She
will carry four masts and will be provided
with two smoke funnels.”

Besides the above there are now building
the City of Rome, for the Inman line, to be
8,500 tons ; the Servia, fer the Cunard Line,
to be 7,500 tons, and the Catalonia for the
same line, to be the same tonnage. The
White Star Line have also a new steamer
building to be named the Majestic, to be
larger than any of their ships now afloat.

———s a

Tue London Telegraph says that in con-
sequence of the advance in value of many
securities held by the Glasgow Bank, the
liquidation 1s likely to show much better re-
sults than were at one time anticipated, and
those shareholders who have met their calls
in full will be handsomely remunerated.

LUMBERMAN.

Wood Pulp.

There is an extensive demand growing up
in England just now for wood pulp, and
Mr. James I. Fellows, the inventor of the
hypophosphites tonic, sends from the city of
London to the St. John Sun, several items
regarding the enterprise. We have no
doubt but that the business might be made
profitable in Canada, and Mr. Fellows’s
hints, if adopted may prove useful ip time.
Wood pulp being cheaper than rage for the
manufacture of paper, its superior advan-
tages in the material point of economy must
be at once apparent. Indeed so great are
these advantages that we are told, no wood
country should ignore them. Pure water
and good water power are essential, Mr.
Fellows says, for the manufacture of this
article, which is now revolutionizing, in a
measure, a particular branch of industry
and trade, The ordinary ‘‘soft” woods,
such as poplar, basswood, white wood,
spruce, fir, cedar, pine, as well as birch
maple and hemlock, may all be used with
the greatest economy and advantage. Nor-
way, Germany and Sweden, have for several
years enjoyed this trade, and have found
ready markets in England and in France.
There seems no good reason why Quebecers
should not embark in an enterprise which
promises steady business and large returns,
particularly as it is an undertaking for
which we are particularly well fitted in every
way. The French purchase pulp with only
8 per cent of moisture, while in England
no objection is made to buying an article
which is composed of 50 per cent of mois-
ture.

In the manufacture of pulp a power equal
to one hundred horse is required ; a drying
house and steam rooms are also necessary.
Mr, Fellows believes that saw-mill power
could be better and more profitably employ-
ed inthis new work, than in making deals
or boards. ‘‘The immense banks of saw
dust annually now burnt or set afloat in the
streams,” he adds, ‘‘ could be worked into
this industry.”

The Printer and Stationer of London says
with regard to the mode of manufacture of
this article :—

‘¢The wood in the forest is cut in lengths
of 5 feet. The bark is taken off by hand, in
order to be done most carefully. In this
state the wood is sent to the mill, where it
is once more examined, so that no dirt or
bark may follow it into the machines.

‘¢ The first operation in the mill is the me-
chanical cutting precedure, performed in a
strong and extremely powerful cutting ma-
chine. The wood is cut in lengths of 4 to
& inches, and then crushed in a large bast
mill,

“« The boiling of the wood is done in three
horizontal cylindrical rotary boilers, of 5
feet in dia., 32 feet long, holding about one
ton of dry pulp each, revolving on six rollers,
making one revolution in about three
minutes. The pressure used is about 110 to
130 Ib. per square inch.

‘When the pulp is boiled the unboiled
knots are taken away by rotary knotters.
The washing of the pulp is done in rag en-
gines, the knives of which only beat, but do
not cut the fibre.

‘¢ When the pulp is washed, it once more
passes through some very fine knotters, of
the usual model ; then it comes to the sand
traps, pulp presses, drying cylinders, and

uJp cutters, andthen itis ready for packing.
- ‘The black liquor is evaporated by the
company’s own system. About 75 or 80 per
cent of the caustic soda used is, by this sys-
tem, recovered.

‘‘The fuel for the mill is peat, and some
wood. The peat is taken from their own peat
bogs. The peat making, in summer time,
occupies four steam engines and one water
wheel, representing about 60 horse-power,
fourteen peat machines, and about 160 work-
men. The pulp mill occupies about 100
people, and the power used is about 100
horse-power. The pulp is packed with iron
ropes and hessian, into bales of 1-10th of a
ton gross weight. The production is about
100 to 105 tons per month.

‘The price in the English market ranges
from £10 to £12 10s. per ton, and prices are
advancing.”

From all we can learn on this subject, the
more are we Satisfied, that it presents a
mest attractive side to the capitalist. Even
coarse saw dust may, with advantage, be
utilized in the manufacture of the pulp. We
hope our readers will look into this question,
and see if a new industry cannot be started
that will provide work for many opera-
tives, and at the same time, open up a
new channel of trade with England and
France. The matter will bear close in-
vestigation,

“Hew to the Line.”

A LUMBEERMAN’S BOKG,

Going through the woods my lade
The ringing axe we sewing,

And as we ply our merry toil
This cheery stave we sing :

“ Let true eye guide each sturdy stroke
True heart and hand combine ;”

And “ wheresoe’er the chips may fall,
Hew to the line 1”

Life’s a bush of varied woods
And cross is oft their grain,

But axe and wedge will cleave the knots
And part the log in twain.

The line of duty, fairly traced
By Nature’s own design,

Will keep us straight, my lads if we
Hew to the line.

Hard our lot as lot may be,
Spare our fare at best is,
Yet our slumber’s sounder far
Than his, who wears a crest is.
This one honest rule we seek,
In shadow or in shine,
“* Aye, wheresoe’er the chips may fall
Hew to the line,”

He who wields the trusty steel,
To hew a path through life,
Must bear a single heart to guide
His action in the strife,
Then let us pray that, come what may,
This law be yours and mine,
[’Tis His, who bosses all the gang],
‘+ Hew to the line.”

Hew to the line, my lads
Hew to the line !

Wheresoe’er the chips may fall
Hew to the line !

CHORUS,

Captain Eads’ Ship Railway.

The Scientific American of this week con-
tains two full page illustrations of Captam
Eads’ proposed railway for transporting
ships with their cargo across continents,

Captain Eads claims by his plan to be able
to take loaded ships of the largest tonnage
from one ocean to another across the Isthmus
of Panamr, as readily as can be done by a
canal after the Lesseps plan, and at a much
less cost for engineering construction.

The project is certainly bold end ingeni-
ous, and the projector anticipates no serious
difficulties in carrying forward his enter-
prise. The engravings referred to in the
Scientific American show the proposed con-
struction of pot only the railroad, but the
appliance for transferring the ships from the
water to the rail.

In addition to the largenumber of engray-
ings, illustrative of engineering works, in-
ventions and new discoveries which appear
weekly, the Scientific American has, buring
the past year, devoted considerable space to
illustrating and describing leading estab-
lishments devoted to different manufactur-
ing industries.

This feature has added very much to the
attractiveness and usefulness of the paper.
More than fifty of the most important indus-
trial establishments of our country have
been illustrated, and the processes of the
different manufactures described in its col-
umns. ‘The Scientific American has been
published for more than thirty-four years by
Munn & Co., 37 Park Row, N. Y., and has
attained a larger weekly circulation than all
similar papers published in the country,
The publishers assure the public that they
have not printed less than 58,000 copies a
week for several months.

4+ <—r— > —-—

Shooting at Baloons.

English papers report some experiments,
lately made at Dungeness, which show re=
markable success in reducing the efficiency
of military ballons. An ordinary service
baloon was used, and after it had risen to a
height of 800 feet was fired at witb an § inch
howitzer at a distance of 2,000 yards. The
gunners were not instructed as to the precise
range, but were required to find it for them-
selves. An 8 inch shell was accordingly
fired into the air as a trial shot, and this, de-
spite the novely of the target, sufficed to
supply the gunners with the necessaay in-
formation. The nextshot brought down the
baloon. The projectile was a sharpnell
shell, and the fuse had been so well timed
that the shell burst just in front of the ba-
loon, projecting something like 300 bullets
through the fabric, and causing its im:
mediated descent.

> =

WOMAN GOSSIP.
Perennial.

She was but a little girl
When I first began to woo,

The completest little girl
Ever doting poet knew.

Still she seemed a little girl
When to maidenhood she grew,
And evermore a little girl
I evermore must woo.

Though her hair may turn to silver,
And her red cheeks lose their hue,
She yet will be the little girl
My love-charmed fancy drew.

And though death’s decay should pierce
Her sweet body through and through,
She will remain a little girl
To my enraptured view.

Fashion Notes.

Shell pink is a fashionable color, The
husband of the lady who wears the pink
usually does the shelling,

It is the fashion to cover the shoulders,
back and bosom, with hoods, fichus, and
pelerines of various styles and dimensions,

Cashmere designs are more in vogue than
any others in the new brocades and damas-
ses, though both large and small flower pat-
terns appear in them,

Large gilded hooks and eyes fasten bonnet
strings under the chin, and are used largely
also on cloaks and wraps of all kinds that
require to be fastened.

Some of the handsomest skirts of the
season are made of plush, entirely plain, save
that a balayeuse plaiting of doubled satin
appears below the edge,

Pointed waists are the leading styles for
full dress, while round waists, plaited waists,
and blouse designs continue to be employed
for plain house dresses.

The new brocaded satins and velvets differ
from those of last season’s manufacture in
presenting large detached figures rather than
the small matelasse effects,

The morning-gown is generally made long,
It is mostly composed of a deep jacket, loose
in front, semi-fitting behind, called a matinee,
and can be worn with any skirt.

Plush is the favorite material for open
wraps. It is imported in three colors—pink
and blue in medium shades, and white,
Satin is also used for this purpose, with plush
as trimming.

Large sleeves are the universal feature of
new wraps, Dolmans ace called visites, and
for the fall months are of light goods, lined
with satins of some rich color and trimmed
elaborately.

The new shoe-buckles are beautifully
chased and encrusted. One of the favorite
designs is a star, and another is the pretty
hook and eye, now so fashionable for dresses,
in cut steal,

Fancy feathers which have been so much
worn will be superseded this fall by ostrich
tips and feathers on the most elegant hats
and bonnets. Plush will be as much used
as velvet,

Buckles are in fashion again, and are used
in many forms. Large ones of cut jet are
placed midway of the ends of a Turkish sash,
and they are seen on hats, cloaks, and dress
waists,

Among the novelties this season for even-
ing dresses are satin-faced grenadines with
raised designs, They come in every variety
of design and tint. . They are usually made
up over satin or silk,

Very pretty indoor jackets are made in
the casaquin style, moulding the waist, and
coming down low over the hips, The front
is trimmed from the neck down to the waist
line with a lace quilling,

A new felt skirt tor the winter is as sott
as ladies’ cloth, yet thick and warm. It is
seamless, and measures two yards around.
The material is Austrian wool, manufactured
i England, and it is called the Princess

lice,

A dress that will be popular with young
ladies this season in a combination of cloths
of camel’s hair with plain surah, such as
plum-colored cloth with surah that has a
plum ground and many gay bars of pale blue,
red, and orange.

Wide collars are used universally upon
girls’ dresses this season, and sashes are seen
everywhere, The latter are often embroid-
ered in a loose and sketchy manner across
the ends, and ribbons are also decorated with
a little odd stitching,

THE CANADA

The most costly bonnet made this autumn
was fashioned for a wealthy lady in New
York recently. It was a model of quiet
taste, being of dark rich maroon plush, with
diamonds set in the head of pins, which
were fastened tastefully over it. The jewels
made the bonnet cost $6,000.

The ends of all tabs and trimmings that
depend from the waist or skirt are gathered
and finished with a tassel or other ornament.
The ends of ribbons and bonnet-strings are
either gathered at the end or shirred a few
inches above and the ends fringed, produc-
ing the same effect.

Combination undergarments of different
kinds are destined to revolutionize the old
and painstaking modes of making. ‘The
prevalence of close-fitting cuirass waists re-
quires the nicest adjustment of all that is
worn beneath them, and hence these gar-
ments are more than ever in demand, «

Waifs.

Said he: ‘* Let us be one,”
won.

And she was

Multum in parvo,
the biggest ring.

‘Oh, dear! I wish I was dead!” exclaim-
ed a neglected maiden. She had heard that
matches are made in heaven,

Hint ror Mammas,—An old lady who has
several unmarried daughters feeds them on
fish diet, because it is rich in phosphorus,
and phosphorus is the essential thing in
making matches,

The little finger carries

‘Tr I have ever used any unkind words,
Hannah,” said Mr, Smiley to Mrs. Smiley,
reflectively, ‘‘I take them all back.” ‘‘Yes,
I suppose you want to use them over again,”
was the not very soothing reply.

Tuer girls who were to be converted re-
cently in St. John’s Roman Catholic Church,
Concord, were officially informed beforehand
by the Bishop that he would not lay his
hands on any head that bore banged or friz-
zed hair,

At a printers’ festival, lately, the follow
ing toast was offered: ‘‘ Woman! Second
only to the press in the dissemination of
news.” The ladies are yet undecided
whether to regard this as a compliment or
otherwise,

Puronetic.—Maiden aunt to tall young
nephew: ‘‘As I stood by you in church,
Percy, I could not help being struck by your
size.” Percy: ‘‘ Very sorry, aunt, but there
was such an awfully pretty girl the other
side of the aisle, I couldn’t help sighing,”

‘““What! that coffee all gone?” ‘ Yis,
mam. There isn’t a blessed drawin’ left in
box.” ‘*What! four pounds of coffee used
up in our small family in one week?”
‘*Small family ? Musha, thin, mam, there’s
two of yez an’ the maid, and ther’s me an’
me foive admirers, who has aich a night to
hisself, and how ye can make a small family
out of tin o’ us is beyant me intirely. I don’t
know what ye'll do whin I come to fill in th’
other two nights o’ the week wid young men
who wants a sup o’ hot coffee for to keep the
chills away !” ?

A NUMBER of French ladies recently had
an amicable contest as to who could arrange
the most distinguished toilette from the
cheapest and commonest material. The
prize was awarded, at a breakfast in the
country, to a lady whose dress was of toile
@ emballage, or packing cloth, lined with red,
and trimmed with lace, and with wild flowers
embroidered on a gold ground, parasol and
shoes to match, and twelve button gloves.
The embroidery cost eight hundred franes,
the lace fifteen hundred, the handle of the
parasol six hundred, but the material of the
dress cost only seventy-five francs, Nothing
is said of the dressmaker’s bill.

They were sitting together in the horse
car. ‘*I do hate people who are forever
talking about their neighbors,” said the
woman with the peaked hat. ‘So do I,”
coincided her companion in the cashmere
shawl. ‘‘There’s Mis’ Green,” continued
Peaked Hat, ‘‘ continually a carryin’ things
back and forth. Think she’d better look to
home. Goodness knows she and her hus-
band live a reg’lar cat-and-dog life.” ‘‘Yes,
indeed,” said Cashmere; ‘‘and her daughter
Sarah is’nt half cared for. I was tellin’ Mis’
Jones only yesterday that the way Mis’
Green neglected that girl was a cryin’ shame.
Oh! by the way, did you hear that story
about Tilda Smith?” ‘‘No! what is it?”
exclaimed Peaked Hat, turning half round
in her seat in her eagerness, her eyes spark-
ling in anticipation of the coming treat. But
gentle reader, never mind what it was

LUMBERMAN.

Neither you or I care anything about it, We
hate tattling just as bad as Peaked Hat and
Cashmere.

A North Carolina Marriage.

Soon after the close of the last war Cap-
tain X was appointed a justice of the peace
in a country place not far from Raleigh,
North Carolina.

His father had beena planter in a rather
small way, and his son the captain had ac-
quired considerable experience in the busi-
ness of managing real estate, drawing up
deeds, etc., during the father’s lifetime, and
then in settling the estate after his decease.
Further than this he had no legal know-
ledge, and, indeed, his entire stock of ‘‘book-
learning’ was small and poorly selected, but
any lack in general information was fully
made up, for his uses, by self-assertion.
Late one afternoon, as he was riding home
from Raleigh, he met a young woman and
two men, who hailed him and inquired if he
was Captain X. The young woman and one
of the men wished to be married at once.
The other had come as a witness, They had
ebed ds the necessary license, but an irate

ather was on their path, and swore that

they should never be married. Jt was con-

sidered on all accounts safest to have the,

ceremony performed without delay, and try
pacification afterward.

Now the captain had never witnessed a
marriage, and naturally had no very clear
idea of what was usual in such cases. He
remembered having seen a book about the
house years before with a form for marriage
in it, but what the book was and where it
was he could not remember.

‘*Why,” said he, when he told the story
afterward, ‘‘I knew the ’Postles’ Creed and
Commandments, and at first I thought I’d
use ’em to begin on, but then I reckoned, on
the whole, they was too durned solemn.”

He asked the couple to come to his house,
secretly hoping that he could find that book;
but they Teclined, for the reason that the
matter admitted of no delay.

A less assured man wend: have been sorely
perplexed, but not he. He lost no time in
removing his hat, and remarked, ‘‘ Hats off
in the presence of the court,” All being un-
covered, he said, ‘‘I’ll swear you in fust off,
Hold up yer right hands,”

“* Me too?” asked the friend of the groom.

‘Of course,’ said the captain, ‘‘all wit-
ness must be sworn, You and each of you
solemnly swear that the evidence you shal)
give in this case shall be the truth, th’ ‘ole
truth, an’ nothin’ but the truth, s’elf you
God, You, John Marvin, do solemnly swear
that to the best of your knowledge an’ belief
you take this yer woman ter have an’ ter
hold for yerself, yer heirs, exekyerters, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, for your an’ their
use an’ behoof forever?”

‘*T do,” answered the groom.

“You, Alice Ewer, take this yer man for
yer husband, ter hev an’ ter hold forever ;
and you do further swear that you are law-
fully seized in fee-simple, are free from all
incumbrance, and hev good right to sell,
bargain, and convey to the said grantee
yerself, yer heirs, administrators, and as-
sigus ?”

‘*T do,”’ said the bride, rather doubtfully.

‘*Well, John,” said the captain, ‘‘ that'll
be about a dollar ’n’ fifty cents,”

«* Are we married?” asked the other.

‘Not by a durned sight ye aint,” quoth
the captain, with emphasis; ‘‘but the jee
comes in here.” After some fumbling it was
produced and handed to the ‘‘ Court,” who
examined it to make sure that it was all
right, and then pocketed it, and continued :
«Know all men by these presents, that I,
Captain X, of Raleigh, North Carolina, bein
in good health and of sound and disposin
mind, in consideration of a dollar ’n’ fifty
cents to mein hand paid, the receipt whereof
is hereby acknowledged, do and by these
presents have declared you man and wife
during good behavior, and until otherwise
ordered by the court.”

The men put on their hats again, the
young couple, after shaking their benefactor’s
hand, went on to meet their destiny and the
irate father, while the captain rode home
richer in experience.

TuE present potentate of Turkey, Abdul
Hamid, is described by the Constantinople
correspondent of the London Times as a
nervous, timid man, who is afraid of his own
shadow, and who does not venture to ride or
drive beyond the limits of his well-guarded
private pleasure-grounds. Yet he defies
Europe. Though physically a coward, he
has something af that peculiar courage which
produced the coup d'etat of 1851, and when
his cowardice and obstinacy are at issue, the
latter generally carries off the victory,

eC“ t...Ci(O(t(#(N;(#(;.N.N(NCNNN(#(###éeeoeodé.}€..COcUlleeeeeeeeeeeeeee

The Czar’s Bride.

Catharine, a blonde of acne ae A
and great beauty, the emperor
love, and the affai became

St. Petersburg.
apartments on the

the
The prin-
cess Dolgorouki has given birth to several
children, all of them being authorized by im-
perial ukase to bear the titles of Count and
Countess de Gourine, the name ofthe extinct
branch of the Romanofis, The princess fol-
lowed the emperor to the banks of the Dan-
ube under the name of Mme, Rilejer during
the late war with Turkey. Ot course
empress knew all about it, but her
and the coldness of her nature
shut her eyes to the real state of the case.
But when the czar desired to legitimatize the
princess’ children, the empress, the czare-
witch, and the grand duke declined to ac-
cede. The Czarina determined to leave Rus-
sia and find at Cannes a refuge from the in-
sult offered her. The czarewitch avoided
the winter palace as much as
influence of the Princess i grew
daily stronger in the czar’s household.
emperor yielded so completely to its
nations, that he even showed anxiety to
tain a divorce from the a and to
the princess, Now that c
complished, it is almost certainly of the ki
known as“ morganatic,” in
stipulates that she and her children
neither assume the rank nor inherit
sessions of the husband. i
not over frequent, but
tigue occasionally furnish a list of

such entered into by the
of the royal house, of “Ep Besides “7
tor Emmanu jum, an
Frederick VIL, of toon the intext list
embraces some fifteen prinees’ names, a large
reigning

majority of whom be to the
house of Germany and Austria.

:

ae

E

E
:
i

J

F
3

|

i

The Grotto Under Mount Rossi, Sicily.

The eruption of Mount Etna in 1669, says
La Nature, was the most formidable of his-
toric times. The side of the mountain open-
ed for a len of about four miles, and
there issued from it a torrent of lava four

sand wh out by the craters formed
mountain with a double
first called Monti della Rovina, and
Monti Rossi, on account of the
that the scoria from the two
through the oxidation of the iron contained

saw with some surprise a horizontal aperture
at the bottom of one of the cavities, and en-
tering it with a torch, he found, after traver-

ing a suite of corridors {resembling the gal-
Tats of a ee well, into which he

caused himself to be lowered by means of
ro At some feet from the bottom of this
well he found a vast rectangular room, at the
further end of which there was a

which grew smaller and smaller, and at last
became impassable. This remarkable grotto,
which was named Grotto della Palombe, is
situated exactly in the centre of Monti Rossi
It has now been open to travellers, the de-
cent being facilitated bya stairway, and the
cavern being illuminated by magnesium light
instead of the former resinous torches.

Lewis Irwin displeased his parents, at
Gallipolis, Ohio, and while his mother
pounded him with a club, his tather shot
him with a pistol.

BREAD made from dace" wheat ee
fore been coarsely ground is used in the
French army, Sea water used in the knead-
ing is said to add flavour,

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

A Bride’s Mausoleum.

Anew church edifice, a princely gift, says
The New York Sun, at Lebanon, Pa., was
consecrated in this back-country borough to-
day. There is quite a romantic story of
love and sorrow connected with it. The new
edifice cost a very large sum of money, and
it is generally known that every dollar was
paid by Mr. Robert Coleman, one of the
leading members of the ‘‘ house of Corn-
wall,” founded upon three mountains of iron
ore here in Lebanon county, about one hun-
dred and forty miles west of New York. The
church is the borough proper. Cornwall, a.
a few miles distant, is the home of the
Colemans, the rickest iron family in the
state. Monday being the festival of St. Luke,
was chosen for the consecration of the mag-
nificont edifice, andit was dedicated with
all the rites and ceremonies of the Episcopal
church, |

Several years ago Mr. Robert Coleman met
a young lady of very preposessing appearance
in a tour he madeof New England. She
was the daughter of arespectable family of
Connecticut in moderate ciccumstances. A
mutual attachment followed, and not long
after the couple were maried. Ashort time
after the marriage the young bride was sud,
denly taken ill, and atripon the continent
was. arranged by her husband. It was
thought that the climate of the south of
France, Italy, or Spain would be best for her.
All that love and boundless wealth could
give was furnished with a most liberal hand
The husband was compelled to remain at
-home on business engagements. It was con-
fidently believed that the bride would soon
be restored-to good health, and very soon
after her departure the husband set about
-preparing a surprise for her. Ue supposed
that she would be abouta year, and he de-
termined to erect one of the most costly re.
sidences she had ever seen and have it all
finished and furnished in time for her arrival
home, She wasto know nothing about it
until the carriage should drive her to the
door from the railway statlen. Mr. Powell.
a: Philadelphia architect, was instructed to
prepare the plans. The structure was to be
in the Scottish baronial style, and Mr. Cole-
man cared very little about the cost. A fine
sight was chosen, broad and level and ele-
. vated with a commanding view of a long
stretch of the beautiful Lebanon valey.

The Coleman estate comprises about five
thousand acres. In one part ofitis a brown
stable containirg some thirty thoroughbred
horses. The most valuable animals are
quartered in rooms haying murrors on the
walls and Brussels carpets on portions of the
floor. Five monstrous furnaces are smelting
ore night and day on the estate. Three hills
contain an inexhaustable suply of ore. These
furnaces have made millionaires of a dozen
families or more. Robert Coleman is the
youngest son of the iron kings of the present
lineot owners. Interested parties and heirs
are scatteredin many climes, but Mr. Cole-
man remains in complete charge of the vast
estate. Every thing is conducted in princely
style. Every employeelives on the place, rent
free. The cottages are models of neatness,
cleanliness, and convenience. A church,
store, Sunday school, and other necessary
wants are fully supplied. The great farm
supplies employses with wheat, corn, pota-
toes, and vegetables atfar below market
price. Splendid family mansions occupy

minent places. Tally-ho coaches, drawn
four-in-hands, eonvey the members of the
Coleman family and their many visitors to
the neighboring towns and railway stations.
Hence to the new mansion that was to be
erected by Mr, Robert Coleman as a surprise
to his bride, it can readily be imagined, was
to be something exceedingly grand. The
foundations were massive, and built of
granite and limestone. The underground
divisions were commodious and finished in
the most modern style. a hard cement floor
was laid. The frames of the large bay win-
dows for the first floor weighed several tons
o- The superstructure was to have been
marble, iron, and granite. The interior
was to be finishedin hard wood. The work
was proceeding splendidly, and some fifty
men were steadily employed. Car load after
car load of material was arriving and being
in place. All efforts were made to rapid-
push onthe work of completion of the
work. Every detail of furniture and uphols-
tery had been decided upon. The gardener
had received his special instructions, In fact,
everything had been fully arranged looking
to the rapid completion of the mansion when
a te m came over the sea that the
young bride was ill in Paris, Quickly follow-
ed another dispatch that she was dead.
Every toolin the new house was dropped.
The young husband, stricken with grief, was

or a time not to be consoled. He ordered
the workmen onthe new mansion to go to the
office and draw their pay, and then to remove
their tools and other property, Ina few days
orders were given to teardown what had
been put up; to throw inthe excavations,
and plough the place over, All that
remained of what was to be a palace was or-
dered to be obliterated.

The construction of a beautiful church de-
dictated here to-day concludes the story.
The remains ofthe dead bride were embalm-
ed and brought back to America, and were
then placed in a vault until the construc-
tion of the church walls had been sufficient-
ly advanced to receive them. The new
edifice is cruciform, 96x75 feet. the floor
is of Spanish tile from Valencia. The wood-
work is of oiled oak. A massive tower
twenty-four feet square rises one hundred
feet in the air. The structure is of grey
stone, even to the window sills. A hydraulic
engine inthe basement supplies air for the
organ. Thestyle ot finish is old English,
with massive granite colums. The leading
Episcopal clergymen of the eastern section
of the state were present at the consecra-
tion, including M.A. De Wolf Howe, bishop
ef this diocese, who was the consecrator ;
the Rt, Rev. Dr. Hare, bishop of Niobrara,
Indian Terrtory ; the Rev. Dr. Oliver, of
Nebraska ; the Rt. Rev, B. Wister Morris,
missionary bishop of Episcopal convention
in seSsion last week in New York.
The Rev. Chandler Hare is the rector of
the parish. Thenew church has a seating
capacity of about five hundred. It was
filled to overflowing to-day by the leading
citizens of this section of the state.

Messages from the Sea.

A few instances of messages from the sea,
reported frem time to time to have been
found, like Poe’s manuscript, in a bottle, may
perhaps be taken for what they are worth.
A girl picked up in the sea near Barrow a se-
curely corked bottle containing a scrap of
old newspaper, on which was indistinctly
written : ‘‘Gone down off the coast of Ire-
land, the Steamer Combat, with all hands.
Capt. Yates.” There was no mention of date
on which the ship sank, but the writing ap-
peared to have been hurriedly done. Onthe
shore of the Bay of Luce a bottle was report-
ed to have been found containing the follow-
ing message, written in pencil on a piece of
paper, the writing being much faded: ‘‘ On
the 29th of April, 1876, the ship Herclades
was wrecked on the extremity of Patagonia.
Crew in the hands of savages. Bring us
assistance.” During a fearful winter storm,
it was conjectured, from the large quantity
of wreckage floating about, that many vessels
had been lost at the mouth of the Tay in
addition to those reported at the time. Some
particulars reached the press—whether veri-
fied or not the writer is unable to say—that
a letter inclosed in a bottle was cast ashore
on the Fifeshire coast giving a clue to one of
these ships. The letter, blotted and other-
wise damaged by sea-water, was written in
bold Norwegian characters, and was thus
translated: ‘‘Schooner Bay, Tonsberg, 25th
December, eight morning. We are now in
a sinking condition, within sight of the Bell
Rock, outside the River Tay. We have had
both boats smashed and carried away, and
cannot therefore make an attempt to come
ashore, We have experienced great hard-
ships during the heavy gales in the North
Sea, Greater part of rails, stanchions, and
bulwarks are away. We have been laboring
constantly at the pumps for three days, and
the forecastle and cabin are full of water.
Everything is destroyed, and we have but
little to eat. We now put our trust ina
merciful God, and if it is our fate to die, we
hope to arrive at a heavenly throne. The
crew is otherwise all well, and asked to be
remembered to their dear ones at home—
(Signed) H. Mathison, captain of the
schooner Bay.” The letter bore the address:
‘*To 'Tonsburg, Norway.” Tke name of the
Bay was ou the Norwegian shipping-lists,
and she would have a crew of seven or eight
hands, and is supposed to have been bound,
coal-laden, from the Tyne to Norway, This
sad message from the sea was reported to the
owners. Considering what has resulted
from mariners’ experiments with bott'es
afloat, and how often, after disasters at sea,
these have been the means of communication
between the living and dead, too much can-
not be said in condemnation of thoughtless
persons who perpetrate hoaxes of this de-
serrption.—Chamber’s Journal,

Oe But begged that Mozart’s Requiem
might be played while he was dying, and it
was the last music that he heard,

SS

American Incomes,

There is no table of the average duration
of fortunes; but the statistics of business
failures in the country since 1866 show that
the average yearly failures ranged from 1 in
163 in the year 1871, to lin 751in 1876. How
many business men in a thousand fail, once
or more, during their business lifetime, I
cannot learn, The proportion used to be
estimated, for New England, at 99 per cent.
That is probably too high a figure for the
business of to-day, conducted as it is upon
much shorter credits than formerly. But
the Hgeoetion of traders who fail is probably
not lower than 75 per cent. of the whole
number,

How many of our people live upon their
invested means? In 1866 our income-tax
returns showed 771,000 incomes of $500 per
year and over, and six million incomes of
less than $500. But these were not incomes
from capital ; they were mostly earnings or
wages. Probably not one in a hundred of
these smaller incomes, and not over 10 per
cent. of the incomes over $500, represented
the interest upon investments, In France,
ten years later, the census returned no less
than two millions of people, rentiers, who
live entirely upon their invested means. In
1877 seven and a half millions of the people
—one-fifth of the population—were enrolled
as rentes-holdersor savings-banks depositors ;
but it must be added that the savings-banks
do not often fail in France, and that sooner
or later they are apt to fail with us. Most
of these deposits aresmallones, But no less
than two millions of the French can say
with Petrarch, Parva sed apta miht ‘It is
little enough, but it will do for me.”

Thus, in spite of the resources of the coun-
try, in spite of the almost universal search
for wealth, and in spite of the fact that we
have a great many rich men at any given
time, we still do not have a large class of
permanently rich men; we do not even have,
like the French, a large class of persons who
have a permanent though small competence.
The rich American’s wealth is extremely
volatile ; in nine cases out of ten it is ‘‘fairy
gold. The old land-owners form the chief
exception to the rule ; especially in our large
cities, where the increase of values has been
great.

But if our class of permanently wealthy
people is small, so also in our class of desti-
tute people. We are fortunate in having
few of the very rich or the very poor, in
having no such immense and harmful in-
equality of fortunes as we see in modern
England. Our ill fortune is this, that our
class of moderate competences is also small,
that so few of us, in spite of our opportuni-
ties and our labours, have seized the good of
even a small assured competence. The
land is full of people who have not, on the
other hand, and who are not likely to have,
any assured competence, however moderate,
but who have nothing to expect but labour
to the end. That is, indeed, the appointed
human lot for the majority in any com-
munity; but need it be, in a country of
resources like this, so nearly the universal
lot? Might not many of us avoid it by a
greater care for a moderate competence, a
a lessened ambition for fortunes?

ee ee

Big Harbour Scheme for Montreal.

(From the Montreal Witness. )

A gigantic scheme was presented to the
Board of Trade recently by Mr. Shearer.
It is stated that the Harbour HKngineer sees
no practical difficulty in carrying it out,
while several of our most prominent and
enterprising citizens have declared it to be
feasible. Mr, Shearer’s plan is to divert the
current of the St. Lawrence opposite the city
into the channel beneath St. Helen’s Island
and the southern shore by having various
obstructions removed and running a dam, or
‘* peninsula,” as he calls it, from Point St.
Charles to St. Helen’s Island, thus stopping
the current from running through the pres-
ent main channel between the city and St.
Helen’s Island. Mr, Shearer claims, in the
first place, that the dam will prevent the
shoving of ice opposite the city and the con-
sequent flooding of buildings in the Griffin-
town district, and will make of this a still-
water harbour where vessels may lie during
the Winter. It is estimated that the con-
struction of the dam would raise the water
two feet in the river and lower it two feet in
the harbor. This would give a head of four
feet for mills, elevators and factories, and
the transportation of freight. Last, but not
least, the dam would afford a roadway across
the river upon the construction of a bridge
from St. Helen’s Island to St. Lambert, thus

removing the necessity for a tunnel. This
would form not only a highway, but a road
for carriages and foot passengers. No esti-
mate of the cost of construction has yet been
made, although Mr. Shearer says this echeme
will cost no more than a tunnel.

a oe

The Coming Revision of the Bible.

It needs to be modified by sound reason.
Were the English Bible chiefly a work of
art, or a monument of the English olden
time, the wsthetic. feeling should rightly
dominate and a jealous conservatiem should
watch against modern innovations, hy the
hand of whatever scholar they might be
wrought. We do not deny the literary skill
of King James’s translators. Their work is
artistic in the highest sense. They were
men of broad and enltivated minds, and
they gave the English people a model of
literary beauty and sublimity in their trans-
lation (or revision) which compares most
favourably with the versions of all other
tongues. We may add that in thie artistic
character of their work they themselves
borrowed the phrases and words of Tyndale,
which had already become antiquated, and
so gave the majesty of hoariness to the other
virtues of their style. In looking at their
work, therefore, we are beholding a phase
of the English language really older than
their own time. But we must bear in mind
that beauty and antiquity of style are not
the paramount considerations in the question
of Bible translation, The truth—the truth
is what we desire. All other objects sink
into insignificance in comparison with this,
We seek a perfect translation of the Hebrew
and Greek. The idea is of first importance,
and the clothing of the idea is secondary. A
pertect translation is indeed impossible. A
grand sentence must loose soaais Sed in
passing into another language. If it keep
its main thought, it must loose its grandeur,
it must work some change in the thought.
We must, therefore, give up the idea of
reaching a perfect translation, although we
make it our goal. Which, then, shall we
throw out of our car as we advance—the
sense or the style? Undoubtedly the latter
The only fatal embarrassment in this is at
those crisis where the very style enters inte
the sense, and you cannot tear them apart
without destroying both. In such cases we
must bow to the necessity and give a bad
translation, leaving it to the scholar to ex-
plain the difficulty and the real meaning in
whatever circumlocutory way he may.
Generally speaking, then, we must sacrifice
style to sense, and, in doing this at the pres-
ent time, we may subject ourselves to the
charge of iconoclasm. If a rich, round sen-
tence that we have loved to mouth is trim-
med to angularity in order to express the
truth, the crowd of critics will be apt to
overlook the constraining necessity and be-
stow on us a consentaneous groan. Let us
give an illustration. In Acts, xxvi.: 24, the
words of Festus to Paul are musical and
terse: ‘‘ Paul, thou art beside thyself;
much learning doth make thee mad.” It is
a strong English sentence; each clause is
well balanced. You may compare them to
two equal shafts striking the centre. As
you read them you are Festus, and you
speak with conscious force. Now, shall we
dare alter such a rare specimen of telling
English? All the beautiful in us rises up
in indignation at the thought. And yet we
must humble ourselves and our pride of
taste for the relentless cause of truth.
What is the Greek here? What did Festus
really say? * * * The truth is, Festus
did not say half as fine a thing as our Eng-
lish sentence, Moreover, he did not mean
what our English sentence means, Festus
first, in the impetuosity of his feelings, told
Paul he was mad; then, correcting himself,
with true Roman politeness, he modifies his
expression, and says that Paul’s learning
was gradually bringing him to a condition of
madness, The English of what he said is:
“*Thou art mad, Paul; much learning is
turning thee to madness.” Our received
version makes the two clauses of equal
strength, the latter clause merely adding
the cause of madness. Moreover, the re-
ceived version does not recegnize the simi-
larity and relation of maine and manian. —If
we translate as above we lose a remarkably
strong sentence, beautiful in its strength ;
but, if we leave the beauty and strength
undisturbed, we do not have what Festus
really said. Now, ye critics, take this in-
stance as a sample, and tell us what we are
to do. Are we to cling to principle faithful-
ly, or shall we hold on to principle only until
we see a pretty face? What will you have,
that which the sacred writers say, or that
which King James’s translator’s say?—The
Rev. Dr. Howarp Crossy, in North Ameri-
can Review,

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TORONTO, ONT., NOVEMBER 15, 1880.

BARYTES OR SULPHATE OF
BARYTA.

This mineral is of considerable economic
value, being used for many purposes, but
principally for mixing with white lead and
for enamelling. It is scarce in the whole of
North America, and consequently very large
quantities are annually imported into the
United States from England and Germany,
but chiefly from the latter country. We
understand that there are but two places in
the United States where the raw ore is pul-
verized and prepared for use—the one, New
Haven, Conn., and the other St, Louis, Mo.
At the former there is, or rather there was, a
mine—for we believe it is nigh exhausted—
owned and worked by Mr. Sandford, Presi-
dent of the Stamford Manufacturing Co.,
New York, and who, itis said, has amassed
great wealth from his ownership of this
mine, although the article which he produces
is by no means of first-rate quality. At St.
Louis, we understand there is no actual de-
posit or mine, but the mineral is found in
boulders, and the farmers, on whose farms
it turns up bring it to the mill, and are well
paid for it, as it is of a very fine quality, and
when manufactured, brings the highest
prices. In Nova Scotia considerable Byrata
is found, but owing to its colours, it can be
used only for mixing with coloured
paints, and consequently is not in
much demand. In the Ottawa Val-
ley, however, nine miles from the city,
and within three or four miles of the steam-
boat landing on the Gatinean, it is said the
largest and purest deposit of Baryta, yet
discovered on this continent is to be found.
Its location is in the township of Hull and
is referred to in an official report of Sir Wm.
Logan, made to the Government some years
ago. From enquiries made, we learn that
some 250 tons of ore from this mine have
already been manufactured into white paint,
equal to any lead, by the late Alex. Ramsay,
of Montreal, and that he obtained first prize
for it at the Centennial Exhibition at Phila.
delphia. It appears that, by means of a
resent discovery in Scotland, patented there
by the discoverer, and patented in Canada
and the United States by Mr. Ramsay,
Baryta is turned into excellent white paint,
without a mixture of any /cad whatever,
We are informed that all the Admiralty
ships are now painted with this material,
and that it was for this mixture that Mr.
Ramsay got the chief prize at Philadelphiv.
If this be so, and we do not doubt it, Byrata
is destined to become an article of much use-
fulness and value, as, if found in the Ottawa
Valley in sufficient quantity, it can be
cheaply mined and manufactured, and
the great expense of lead will be saved

porters,
enterprising capitalists will take this Baryta

to the consumer. For this simple,
grinding oz the article, we are told
that Mr. Bonnyn, Hospital street, Mon-

treal, has mills capable of grinding two tons’
an hour, and it might be well for such as
have any of the ‘‘ raw material” to commu-
nicate with that gentleman. It would be
well, also, for such as may find traces of this
mineral in their lands, to look closely , after
it; for though valuable enough now, to pay
well for mining, there can be no doubt that
ina short time it must become of much
greater importance and value. Sulphate of
Baryta is usually found in thin veins, from
half an inch to two inches in width at the
surface, and widening as it goes down;
though to this rule there are exceptions, as
in the case of the Hull mine, to which we
have referred, a surface width of two to
three feet is shown, widening rapidly as it
descends, It is also found in pockets, and
itis from such, that the Novia Scotia Ba-
rytes is taken, consequently the quantity is
more uncertain and smaller, than when
found in regular and well defined veins, It
is invariably found with galena, but not in
quantity to pay for working. The demand
for Baryta is at present limited to about 1,200
to 1,400 tons per annum in Canada,but over
the border, the demand isnearly unlimited, al-
though the import duty almost prohibitory,
viz :—half a cent apound or ten dollars a ton.
This is what has enabled the mine owners
and grinders of itin the United States to
make such Jarge profits. The price in Bos-
ton and New York varies according to quali-
ty, some going as high as $50 a ton—but if
Canada can produce an article’ of the highest

grade, of which there is not the slightest
doubt, it is evident, we can, even with the

enormous duty exacted, still successfully
compete with the English and German im_
We earnestly hope some of our

matter in hand ; for besides the great general

advantage of developing the latent and un-

productive mineral wealth of the country,
we are satisfied ‘‘there’s millions in it” to

those who are willing to invest a moderate

amount of money, with a speedy return,

We propose returning to this subject—

meanwhile we will be glad to hear from any

of our correspondents regarding Baryta,
—_—__ tO Oo

MUSKOKA IMPROVEMENT COMPANY

A company has recently been organized
amongst the lumbermen of Muskoka and
Georgian Bay, for the purpose of regulating
the driving and sorting of saw logs, con-
structing slides, booms, piers, dams, &c.,
on the Muskoka Rivers, the Severn, Mus-
quash, &c. At a meeting which was held
at Gravenhurst, the company was formed,
and $50,000 capital subscribed. Messrs. H.
H. Cook, Richard Power, A, P. Cockburn,
M.P. ; G. W. Taylor and Hon. Alexander
Mackenzie were elected directors. The
directors at a subsequent meeting, after
electing Hon. Alex, Mackenzie president,
prepared estimates of the proposed works
and made arrangements for immediately
commencing work upon the most urgent of
these. A similar company, namely, “ the
Upper Ottawa, Improvement Co,” has been
in existence for some years, with a capital of
$150,000. The directors are Mes-rs. Bron-
son, Perley, Eddy, Gordon and H. Robinson,
H. Robinson, president, J. R. Booth
secretary, G. B. Green, acting secretary.
The operations of this company extend from

the Des Joachim to the foot of Hull Slide
The organization has been found of great
service to all parties engaged in lumbering
on the Ottawa. The Muskoka Company
will doubtless prove «qually serviceable,

Rt a

Tux sale of ‘ gold” bricks, made _princi-
pally of brass, is brisk inthe West. One
corner is pure gold, and from it is clipped the
sample to be essayed.

COAL OIL FIRE TEST,

The testing of coal oil has hitherto been a
source of great annoyance to producers and
consumers, owing to the uncertain results of
the instruments used for making the tests.
A very simple and complete instrument has
jvst been perfected by Mr. M. Battle, Col-
lector of Inland Revenue, Ottawa, which
defines the flash test ina uniform manner
on the automatic principle. Mr. Battle has
paid great attention to the matter of testing
oil, indeed the greater number of samples
sent to the Department at Ottawa were sub-

| mitted for his test and report. Yet he was
frequently at a loss to obtain a uniform re-
sult, although he had the best instraments
manufactured in the United States, Great
Britain or the continent of Europe. His
Improved Automatic Pyrometer however,
combines uniformity of action, correctness of
results, and simplicity of using. Nothing is
required to be done by the testing officer or

! merchant, but to place a small quantity of oil
in a cup, light a small lamp and watch two
thermometers—one immersed in water, in a
chamber underneath the oil and the other
jn the sample of oil to be tested. As the
mercury rises to the testing point a double
valve is opened by the party in charge, and
if no gas or vapour is generated the light
will continue to burn, and the oil is safe;
but will be extinguished as soon as gas is
evolved up to the number of degrees indicat-
ed, making the oil dangerous at that tem-
perature. It is likely that that Mr. Battle’s
Pyrometer will be made the standard for the
Dominion, and if so, it should supersede all
others now in use, whether operated by elec-
tricity or otherwise.

THANKSGIVING.

It was our lot to be in the City of Belle
ville on Wednesday the 3rd inst., and con.
sidering that lumbermen and their repre-
sentative connected with this journal had
much to be thankful for, in common with
the rest of the community, we went to hear
the Rev. Mr. McLean, (Presbyterian) on
that occasion. The rev, gentleman founded
his remarks on Psalm 103, verse 2, ‘‘ Bless
the Lord, O my soul], and forget not all his
benefits.”

After referring to our deep obligations and
many privileges, he said : It was cheering to
think that the day had » e set apart by the
Government of our land for the observance
of this sacred duty of thanks to God for his
goodness to us as individuals and as a nation
—cheering to think that our fellow subjects
gather together to-day to acknowledge our
common Father by the united recognition of
his greatness and goodness throughout the
land, The future of a land that thus recog-
nizes its duty and privileges cannot be other
than a great one.

It might be asked what are the reasons for
thankfulness on our part. Are not the times
‘dull? Do not many to-day feel that with the
will to work, the opportunity is not afforded ?
Is it not a fact that our city isin a worse con-
dition commercially, than it was in days gone
by? While there is apparent ground for the
spirit that is manifest in these questions, there
may be, after all, reason for thankfulness in
the very things complained of. Allow tha3
our city has been in a bad condition in
a business point of view for some time back ;
whose is the fault ? To the best of my belief it
lies at ourown door. We have been going on
too fast in one way and too slow in ano-
ther, We have been overcrowding our dif-

ferent branches of commerce. For example,
there have been too many young men, who,
under the delusion that they were heaven-
born merchants—have forsaken the sure, if
slow, returns of farming life, for the swift
but uncertain gains of merchandise. The
result has been, as might be anticipated—
many of these have come to ruin, and have

been taught by a bitter experience, that it
really does need, at least, a modicum of
training to succeed in any business or pro-
fession, in — na La

ain, merchants have been # lating
Pig oe lee on the likelihood of Lise sales,
and, disappointed in their ¢ tions,
have been unable to meet their liabilities.
Retrenchment has become the order of the
day, of necessity. If these opinions are
correct, then one great cause of present de-
pression has been in overdoing things, and
one result of the reaction will probably be
a healthier commercial life in the future,

The same remarks as to extravagance may
apply to general living in the past of the
people themselves. e love of display
among all classes of the community, has
doubtless had much to do in lessening abili
to meet engagements. The only cure for
such a course is to live within one’s income.
Here again is one benefit that may accrue
from the general stagnation that is com-
plained of.

We certainly have to thank God for all
the benefits He has conferred upon us. The
common blessings of the earth such as air,
sunshine, water, and harvests ; each is need-
ful for our well-being, and each given in all
fulness. The preservation of our bodies, in
all their senses, organs and ies, 80 as
not merely to enjoy life, but also to be ser-
viceable—health and strength todo work and
provide for families, All theseare bestowed
on us. eoita?

Living in a land of freedom, with wise
laws honorably upheld, with and
life properly protected ; with fair
for all who are willing to work ; with a law-
abiding, moral-living community, where law-
lessness and crime are swiftly punished, and
justice meted out to all—surely one ought
to thank God for those benefits in these re-
gards. Our harvest is plentiful, God has
a labours of the eee No
heavy floods ‘* have disappointed his hopes,
and sent dismay throne the land.” No

bitter frosts have killed the ripening grai
For one grain sown, many are gi Tox
He on whom we PI rain and
sunshine snd fruitfu ns i

ed his hand and filled cor Heat tee nde,

And do we not see indications throughout
the land of the return of cheerier times in
the apparent growing briskness of business
—of times when he who desires it may have
work at home in plenty. Is it not a matter
of thankfulness that in this Dominion of
ours there is room and scope for all. That
whosoever is able oe to labour may
find init the place and the opportunity.

The Rev. gentleman comical his excel-
lent discourse with many practical and suit-
able lessons, bearing on ‘‘the life that now
is, and the life that is to come.”

A New Brunswick journalist displays a
thankful spirit as follows :—It is very grati-
fying to know that there has been a vast
increase of Inter-Colonial trade, as evidenced
by the remarkable increase of traffic on the
Government railways this year. Our ex-
ports, too, have been in great demand—our
lumber (both in the United States and
Britain), our grains, our cattle, the —
of the dairy and the orchard. We have to
be thankful, too, for the remarkably favour-
able weather which has distingui the
season of 1880, weather so favourable for the
full pursuit of the occupations of the indus-
trial classes that we can hope to see
it duplicated in 1881, Weshould also give
thanks for freedom from epidemics and
pestilences and tidal waves of crime and
violence, We poe ede tusk aa reader
steady progress of education ,
the sada <x] of the people in support
of churches and Sunday sc im
other causes for thankfulness may be ci
the fact that Canada is regaining its old
prosperity under the political leadership of
the first Canadian .of his on, Sir
John A. Macdonsld ; that the negotiasions
for reducing the public burthens by turning
the building of the Pacific Railway over to a
private company have been successful ; and
that the people of Canada have almost uni-
versally accepted the Naional Policyjas the
Tariff policy of the country. In our imme-
diate neighbourhood there is cause for thank-
fulness in the increased trade which has
sprung up; the hopeful spirit which has
succeeded the feeling of despair which had
taken possession of too many of our citizens ;
and in the evidences of ‘‘ the good time com-
ing” which are apparent to many amongst
us. We may indeed be thankful with our
lot when contrasted with the circumstances
of the people of most other countries ; and
while grateful to an all wise Providence for
the many blessings vouchsafed to us, let us
resolve to do the very best for ourselves
that lies within our power.

LETTER FROM QUEBEC.
THE END OF THE SEASON—LOADING THE LAST
SHIP — LARGE TRANSACTIONS — PRICES;
-)) 891C,—THE PRINCIPAL OPERATORS IN OAK
—LOGS — COMPARATIVE .STATEMENT —
MINING NOTES. -
QuesBec, Nov. 8th.

Before my next letter is addressed to the
LuMBERMAN, it is probable that this port
will be completely closed for the season to
navigation. .Ten days hence, and sea-going
ships’ remaining here, will find ‘it hard
enough to reach the ocean. There are seven
or eight timber vessels loading here, but all
hope to be away within a week from, this
date. © ,
“It must be gratifying to producers and
their friends to know that so smalla stock
of lumber will be locked up here for the
wiiiter. Ona carefully prepared’ calcula-
tion, I find that there is now next to noth-
ing held here in first hands,

‘During the present season, some twelve to
fifteen cargoes of deals have been purchased
and shipped home by Messrs, Bryant, Powis
& Bryant, of London. Mr. H. W. Powis, a
member of this firm, and a gentleman well
Known in Quebec, has spent the greater
portion of the summer on this side the At-
lantic, making purchases and shipping home
his stock. :

Very little business was done in Lower
Town last week, the time being cut'up by a
couple of holidays.

WHITE PINE,

With the exception of small lots sold for
locs] consumption, at, 14, and 17 cents, no
white pine has changed hands since my last

“letter. A small raft or two now remaining
are held firmly at high prices. There is a
good deal of inquiry for Waney Board, but

-no lots are at present offering.

DEALS.

There is but little change since my last
letter to report, either in pine or spruce
deals. Prices remain about the same with a
tendency to a slight increase, owing to un-
supplied demands,

OAK,

In preyious letters, details have been given
of seyeral contracts for oak made this autumn
for future delivery. Quantities and prices
have been furnished. The contracting pro-
ducers are principally Calvin & Co., King-
ston, Neilon & Co., D. 8B. Charleson,
Sarnia, D. C. Thompson, Quebec, and Mr.
McCrea.

PRICES,

Oak, Ohio, 65 feet average as been sold as
under within the last fortnight: By Calvin
& Co., 50,000 feet at 50 cents; by Neilon &
Co., 100,000 feet at 47 cents.

A raft of the same quality and average
as the above, now in Montreal and to arrive,
containing 30,000 feet, together with 15,000
to winter at Garden Island, have been sold
by Calvin & Co. at 52 cents, This is believ-
ed to be the highest figure obtained. Of 63
feet average, 50,000 feet have been sold at
49 cents,

Michigan oak, 65 feet average. One lot
has been sold by Mr. D. C. Thompson at 49

cents.

Canada oak remains unchanged.

Ohio and Michigan are still sought fo
next year’s delivery.

Staves are scarce and in demand.

Elm and ash are in demand, particularly
the latter.

In birch there is little doing, and the
aeney on hand is not much reduced by

shipments,

FOR THE SHANTIES.

More shantymen have been dispatched to
the woods since the date of my last letter,
Nearly forty leave for the West 4 G.T.B.R.
this evening, mostly for Toledo. Men are
now scarce here, and wages have again
been reduced. It is not probable that more
than one other batch will be made up in
Quebec this fall,

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT.

In reviewing the business of the year and
comparing it with that done in 1878-79, the

THE OANADA

following comparative statement of timber,
masts, bowsprits, spars, staves, &c., mea-
sured and culled to Aatp, by cullers attached
to the supervisor’s office, ishould prove of
interest to readers of the LumBERMAN :—

1878 1879 1880
Waney White Pine....1,846,640 1,599,273 2,193,367
White Pine,.....,...» 7,917,756 2,507,729 4,216,268
Red Pine...++.++-s+++ 1,359,756 741,499 7,020,364 |
1,567,644 |
932,950 }
Asie lae sa eigie'<bpespersecie., BO}OOT,. AiplOlax 288,400)
Basswood ...ee+ eseees 923 280 863
Butternut ... . «+... 39 70 645 |
Tamarac.....++-+1+++. 29,306 6,691 30,889 |
Birch and Maple....... 180,416 121,224 575,464
Masts and Bowsprits.. 93 pes 50 pes 4 pes!
Sparse cs. cee.seocse oe 42 PCs 26 pes 23 pes |
Std. Staves ..... 20 00299.8.1.8 178.5.3.7 195.7.1.1
W. I. Staves.....-..564.1.3.9 169.2.2,.26 487.7.0.8
Bri Stavess.sccseeses seeeee ae eeee 10,8.2.10 |
WM, QUINN, f
Supervisor, |

Quebec, 5th Nov., 1880.
LOGS.

Messrs. King Bros. have given the con-,
tract for the cutting of 4,000 logs during
the winter at St. Jean Deschaillons in this
Province. Forty men with ten teams of
horses, have also left for Pabos, Bail des
Chaleurs, to cut 70,000 logs for the Messrs. |
King. Messrs. G. B. Hall & Co. lost a large!
quantity of logs a few days'ago, by the
breaking of their booms at the Chaudiere. |

MINING NOTES,

It has been frequently asserted,and almost
as frequently denied, that there are distinct,
indications to be seen of the existence of
beds of coal in various parts of this Pro-
vince, This week I have been shown aspe-
cimen from Lake St. John of what certain-
ly looks very much like soft coal. Speci-|
mens of the article known in England as|
Cannel coal,or of something very akin to it, |
have frequently been brought to this city)
from parts of Montenaquy. I wonder that!
the Dominion Geological Survey has not ere,
this undertaken to prove the character of the
supposed mineral,

From all that can be gathered, unusual
activity will be the order of the day next;
Spring in the coal regions of Beauce. Here-|
tofore miners have been content with the al-|
luvial workings, and the large yields of the
precious metal already reported from the
Chaudiere Valley, have all been obtained by
the washing of the sand. Preparations are:
now being made for the erection of mills to
crush the quartz, and quantities of the most
expensive and improved machinery appli-,
cable for the purpose are now being shipped
to the diggings by Levis & Kennebec R. R.

STADACONA,

Special Telegram per Montreal Line:— ,
QuEBEC, Noy. 10,

Since mailing letter, it is reported E. H.,
Richer, St. Hyacinthe, has been authorized
by French manufacturers to purchase for
shipment as much white birch (Bonlean) as
possible. No particulars as to size or for
what required. JBonleau is very commen
in the province and much used for fire-
wood,

Messrs. Allan, Gilmour & Co. of this city
have sold the bright pine deals to be sawn
at their mills next season. Prices were $112
to $115—$76 and $40 free on board for first,
second, and third qualities,

The Eureka Consolidated mine yielded
last year, according to the official returns,
$2 358,518 in refined bullion and lead,
$380,000 was paid in dividends during the
year, and the amount of cash on hand, Oc-
tober 9th 1880, was $24,521.

Hardwood Timber Land for Sale.
OR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWOOD

timber land near Nipissing Railway, Coboconk,
Easy terms: OSHAWA CABINET CO., Oshawa.

Timber Limits for Sale.

EVERAL MOST VALUABLE TIMBER
limits on North Shore of Lake Huron.
For particulars apply to
THOS. SHORTIES,

Imperial Bank Building, Toronto.

OR SALE, AT A GREAT BAR- |

gain, 320 acres of excellent farming land, heavily
timbered, and well watered by a branch of the Pigeon
River, in Cheboygan Co. Michigan. Apply to the
Editor of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. 1-tf.

EID & CO., WHOLESALE LUM-

BER DEALERS. Lumber, lath, shingles, &c.

Car lots to suit customers. Best culls in the mar-
ket for from $6 to $7 per M,

Orrice oN Dock—E splanade, foot of erg

‘Street, Toronto,

LUMBERMAN.

MACHINER
TEARN’S No. 3 SAW MILL

Log Turner, 68 h.p. Engine, 3 Boilers, dorne and
heater. This is first claes mill outfit, held for a
bank and willbe so'd cheap. We have aleo 2. Iron
Lathes and other Machinery. Send for Price List:

WM. DINGMAN & CO.,

56 Front Street East, Torontw.

LAUDER & THORNTON MFG. CO.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Steambauges, Vacuum Ganges

ENGINEERS’ & PLUMBERS’ BRASS GOODS, &c.
98 Adelaide Street East, Toronto.

Steam Gauges correctly tested and repaired.
2-5in

FILES RE-CUT!

THOMAS GRAHAM,

File Works, 35 Sherbourne Street, Toronto, Ont.

OJd Files reground and re-cut equal to new for
use. During the past year I have re-cut nearly
3,000 dozen of old files for mill owners and others
in Ontario and Quebec. Prices—per dozen for Mill
Files, 8in. $1.50; 10 in. $2; 12 in. $2 75; 14in.
3.75. Other kinds pro rata. Quotations from these
rates to large consumers.

THE

Intercolonial Coal Mining Co.,

offer their fresh mineral bituminous Coal from

DRUMMOND COLLIERY.

F.0.B cars, deliverable at stations of the Inter-
colonial and Grand Trunk Railway .

Apply to
Intercolonial Coal Mining Co.,
26 St. Francois Xavier Street,
MONTREAL.

The coal is now beiag received at Toronto by several
of the dealers—W. J. Keith, C. J. Smith and others:

to Contractors.

EALED TENDERS, ADDRESSED TO

the undersigned, and endorsed ‘‘ Tender for
Owen Sound Works,” will be received until Friday,
the19th November, for the execution of Works for
the improvement of the Harbour of Owen Sound,
according to a plan and specification to be seen on
application at the office of the River and Harbour
Commissioners, Owen Sound, and at the Public
Works Department, Ottawa, where Forms of Tender
can be obtained.

Persons tendering are notified that teners will
not be considered unless made on the printed forms
supplied and signed with their actual signatures,

Each tender must be accompanied by an accepted
bank cheque, equal to five per cent, of the amount
of the tender, which will be forfeited if the party
declines to enter into a contract when called on to
do so, or if he fails to complete the work contracted
for. If the tender is not accepted, the cheque will
be returned.

The Department does not bind itself to accept
the lowest or any tender.

By order,

Notice

S. CHAPLEAU,
Secretary.
Department of Public Works,
Ottawa, Oct. 28th, 1880.

JOHN M&GREGOR & SONS,

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF
STATIONARY,
MARINE, and
LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS,
and SHEET IRON WORK,

Portable Boilers for Threshing Machines, Shingle

All Boilers
tested by cold water pressure to 150 Ibs. to the

Mills, ete,, furnished on short notice.

square inch before leaving the shop.

SECOND-HAND MACHINERY

hought, sold, or taken in exchange for
new work,

REPAIRS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO

183 Atwater St., Detroit. Michigan.
BRANCH SHOP—

Cor, Glengarry Ave. & Stuart st.,
WINDSOR, ONTARIO.

a

y || THE ECONOMIST

Finanelal, Railway and Mining Journal.

BOSTON. PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORE.

92.00 a Year. 10 Cents a Cop

. p om m2 a 7
HE ECONOMIST IS DEVOTED
exclusively tothe Financial, Railway, and Mining

Interes's of the Us It ie the represente-

tive journal of ite clas d has, by

its conservative and indep« , cttablished

a reputation and circu ita com-

manding influence in its section a6 ¢ van
and protect the legitimate mining industry, and to
guard investors from imposition and comsequent
logees.

Tue Economist presents epecial inducements to ad-
vertisers through which{[to reach the weait asee 8
of New England. Ite circulation amor Mining
States and Territories is large and rapidly increas-

ing.
Specimen copies free.
R. F. STRAINE, Business Manager.
21 Milk street, Boston
New York Office : 115 Broadway.
ST. LAWRENCE HALL,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for itssuperior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best Hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample roomeé on
ground floor, Walton Street, Pert Hope

Wm. MACKIE, Proprietor.

ALLANDALE JUNCTION HOTEL.
Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 min-
utes by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals
Tea and coffee at counter. Fine brands of liquors and

choice cigars.
E. 8. MEEKING Proprietor

FRASER’S HOTEL.
GRAVENHURST, ONT.
HENRY FRASER. proprietor (suc
land Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purcha
oughly renovated and refiitted that old established
hotel, so long and popularly kept and owned by
Douvald Brown, in the village of Gravenhurst, is
now in a position toattend to the wants f the travel-
ling and general public. Parties en route to the
Muskoka District, wiil find ** "raser’s” a comfortable
stoppi place. The Bar and Larder are well furn-
ished. Convenient Sample Rooms for Commercial
Men. Good Stabling and attentive hostler. Free
"bus to and from trains and steamboats.

ST. LOUIS HOTEL.

THE RUSSELL HOTELCO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size,
style and locality in Quebec, is open through-
out the year for pleasure and business travel.

HOTEL OTTAWA,
No. 21 North Side King Square.
Ly. JS A, I> ota eee

EH. COSMAN, - -

T erms, $1.00 to $1.50 perday.

THERUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA,
JAS. A. GOUIN, - :
IS THE
Favourite Resort ofthe Leading Public
men of the Dominion attending
the annual Sessions of
Parliament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Par-
liament, Public Officials, as weil as those having
business with the various Departments of the Gov-
ernment. Itisalso the head-quarters of those having
dealings with the princely Lumber Manufacturers in
the great Pine Valley, of which Ottawa is the acknow-
ledged centres

THe RUSSELL Honusz being central, almost abutting
on the magnificent PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL
Burnpines—the pride «f the Country—is thus con-
veniently situated for those visiting the City on pub-
lie business. But the location is also everything
that could be desired alike for the man of business
and the man of pleasure. A fewminutes walk brings
the guest of the Hotel within reach, not only of all
the principal business resorts, but also of the most
splendid Mountain and Valley Scenery that can be
seen anywhere, as also of the two almost unrivalled
Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau—and of the
extensive Manufacturing Establishments and Depots
ofthe leading Lumbermen. But, besides the beauti-
ful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, includes
the magnificent Ottawa and two ofits grand tributar-
jes—the Rideau aud the Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar-
ently never-ending woods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be ob-
tained cn the Continent

Tur Russett Hovusk affords excellent accomodation
for 300 guests ; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and no-
thing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
fortably ‘‘ at home.”

#2 Omnibusses meet the Arrival of
every Train and Boat.

Proprietor.

Proprietor.

10

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

A Pointed Reminder.

ed

A party of adventurous lads, myself
among the number, were out for a glorious
holiday. Each had his canvas bag across
his shoulder, and we stole along the stone
wall yonder, and entered the woods beneath
that group of chestnuts. Two of usacted as
outposts on picket guard, and another,
young Teddy Shoopegg by name, the best
climber in the village, did the shaking.
There were five busy pairs of hands beneath
these trees, I can tell you, for each one of
us fully realized the necessity of making the
most of his time, not knowing how soon the
warning cry from our outposts might put us
all to headlong flight, for the alarm, ‘‘ Tur-
ner’s coming !” was enough to lift the hair
of any boy in town.

But luck seemed to favour us on that day.
We ‘‘cleaned out” six big chestnut-trees,
and then turned our attention to the hick- |
ories. There was a splendid tall shagbark |
close by, with branches fairly loaded with
the white nuts in their open shucks, They
were all ready to drop, and when the shak-
ing once commenced, the nuts came dowa
like a shower of hail, bounding from the
rocks, rattling among the dry leaves, and
keeping up a clatterall around, We scram-
bled on all fours, and gathered them by
quarts and quarts. There was no need of
poking over the leaves for them, the ground
was covered with their bleached shells, all
in plain sight. While busily engaged, we
noticed an ominous lull among the branches
overhead,

‘Sst! ’sst!” whispered Shoopegg up
above ; ‘‘ I see old Turner on his white horse
daown the road yender.”

“Coming this way?” also in a whisper,
frem below.

“‘T dunno yit, but I jest guess you'd bet-
ter be gittin’ reddy to leg it, fer he’s hitchin’
his old nag’t the side o’ the road, Y%s, sir,
I bleeve he’s a-cummin’, Shoopegg, you’d
better be gittin’ aout o’ this,” aad he com-
menced to drop hap-hazard from his lofty
perch. In a moment, however, he seemed
to change his mind, and paused, once more
upon the watch, ‘‘Say, fellers,” he again
broke in, as we were preparing for a retreat,
‘*he’s gone off to’rd the cedars; he ain’t
cummin’ this way at al/,” So he again as-
cended into the tree-top, and finished his
shaking in peace, and we our picking also,
There was still another tree, with elegant
large nuts, that we had all concluded to
‘‘finish up on.” It would not do to leave
it. They were the largest and thinnest-
shelled nuts in town, and there were over a
bushel in sight on the branch tips. Shoo-
pegg was up among them in two minutes,
and they were showered down in torrents as
before. And what splendid, perfect nuts
they were! We bagged them with eager
hands, picked the ground all clean, and with
jolly chuckles at our luck were just about
thinking of starting for home with our well-
rounded sacks when a change came o’er the
spirit of our dreams, ‘There was a suspici-
ous noise in the shrubbery near by, and in
a moment more we heard our doom.

‘Jest yeu look eeah, yeu boys,” exclaim-
ed a high-pitched voice from the neighbour-
ing shrubbery, accompanied by the form of
Deacon Turner, approaching at a brisk pace,
hardly thirty feet away. ‘‘Don’t yeu
think yeu’ve got jest abaout enuff o’ them
nuts ?”

Of course a wild panic ensued, in which
we made for the bags and dear life, but'Tur-
ner was prepared and ready for the emer-
gency, and raising a huge old shot-gun, he
leveled it, and yelled, ‘‘ Don’t any on ye stir
ner move, or by Christopher Ill blow the
heads clean off'n the hull pile on ye. I'd

>»

shoot ye quicker’n lightnin’,

And we believed him, for his aim was
true, and his whole expression wag not that
of a man who was trifling. I never shall
forget the uncomfortable sensation that I
experienced as I looked into the muzzle of
that double-barrelled shot-gun, and saw both
hammers fully raised too, And I can see
now the squint and the glaring eye that
glanced along those barrels. There was a
wonderful persuasive power lurking in those
horizontal tubes; so I hastened to inform
the deacon that we were ‘‘not going to

run”

‘*Wa/al,” he drawled, ‘‘ it looked a leetle
thet way, I thort, a spell ago ;” and he still
kept usin the field of his weapon, till at
leugth [ exclaimed, in desperation.

‘«Point that gun in some other way, will
you 2?”

‘*Wa’al, no/ I’m not fer pintin’ it enny
whar else jest yit—not until you’ye sot them
ar bags daown agin, jist whar ye got ’em,

every one on ye.” The bags were speedily
replaced, and he slowly lowered his gun.

“‘Wa/al, naow,” he continued, as he came
up in our midst, ‘ this is putty bizniss, ain’t
it? Bin havin’ a putty lively sort o’ time
teu, I sh’d jedge from the looks o’ these ’ere
bags, One—two—siz on ’em; an I vaow
they must be nigh on tev two an’ a half
bushel in every pleggy one on’em. Wa/al,
naow”—with his peculiar drawl — ‘look
eeah: you're a puity ondustrious lot o’
thicves, I’m blest if ye ain’t.” But the dea-
con did all the talking, for his manceuvres
were such as to render us speechless, ‘‘ Put-
ty likely place teu cum a-nuttin’, ain’t it 2” |
Pause. ‘‘ Putty nice mess o’ shellbarks ye
got thar, I tell ye. Quite asight o’ chestnuts |
in yourn, ain’t they ?”

There was only one spoken side to this |

| dialogue, but the pauses were eloquent on’

both sides, and we boys kept up a deal of |
tall thinking as we watched the deacon al-|
ternate his glib remarks by the gradual re-
moval of the bags to the foot of a neighbour- |
ing tree: This done, he seated himself upon’
a rock beside them.

‘* Thar,” he exclaimed, removing his tall
hat and wiping his white-fringed forehead
with a red bandana handkerchief. ‘‘ I’m
much obleeged. I’ve been a-watchin’ on ye
gittin’ these ’ere nuts the hull arternoon. I
thort ez haow yeu might like to know it.”
And then, as though a happy thought had
struck him, what should he do but deliber-
ately spit on his hands and grasp his gun.
‘*Look ceah”—-a pause, in which he cocked
both barrels—‘‘ yeu boys wuz paowerful
anxyis teu git away from eeah a spell ago.
Naow yeu kin git ez lively ez yeu please. I
hain’t got nothin’ more fer ye teu deu to-
day.” And bang ! went one of the gun-bar-
rels directly over our heads,

We got, and when once out of gun range
we paid the deacon a wealth of those rare
compliments for both eye and ear that always
swell the boy’s vocabulary.—From ‘‘ An
Autumn Pastoral,” by Wriii1AM H. Greson,
in Harper’s Magazine for November.

Midnight Oil.

To the student, night reading isthe most
congenial, the most satisfying—and, we are
bound to add, the most injurious- By tradi-
tion, your true bookworm burrows} deepest at
night. Perhaps the essayist was right when
he exclaimed, ‘‘ There is absolutely no such
thing as reading but by acandle,” Had he
tried the perusal of a book at noon-day, and
found it labour thrown away?

‘*Whence is thy learning? Hath thy toil
O’er books consumed the midnight oil ?”

There is at least a grain of logic in the tra-
dition, for, supposing the author to have
given his thoughts expression by the light of
the taper, it is no more than consistent to
believe that we ought to approach their per-
usal by the same light, ‘‘if we would catch
the flame, the odour.” Moore, enraptured
of the young May moon, gave it out that the
best of all ways to lengthen our days is to
steal a few hours from the night. But pil-
fering of this kind is, as we have said, in-
jurious to health. Leigh Hunt was right
when he said that sleep is best before mid-
night. He who burns the midnight oil is
rarely one who rises with the lark, and lying
late in the morning is never found in com-
pany with longevity. Besides it tends to
create corpulence. Weak eyes and weary
heads likewise follow nocturnal indulgences
such as are the delight of astudent. But re-
monstrances, forsooth, avail little. There is
a fascination about midnight study and mid-
night composition more potent than the
alarmist’s notes of warning, and authors and
students will probably continue to yield to
its spell until authors and students are no
more.

—_—_ or 2

Iv is probable that the seheme which was
proposed first by Mr. Shaw Lefevre, and
which has been advocated by Mr. Bright,
will form the basia of the contemplated set-
tlement of the Irish land question by the
present English Government. All landown-
ers ready to sell will be given debentures
bearing three per cent. for their property.
There tenants will be charged four per cent,
during a term of years—three per cent. be-
ing to pay interest on the debentures, and
one per cent. to act as a sinking fund, so
that at the end of the term the land will be-
come the property of the ocoupier. In addi-
tion to this, large tracts of waste lands will
be bought and let in lots of thirty or forty
taces to peasants, and these lots will become
hur property. of the peasants after a certain
nember of payments,

Under an Umbrella.

One day the duc de Berri happened to be
taking a walk in Paris with his wife, and
they were returning toward the Elysee when
a heavy rain-shower came on, The two
promenaders, being unprovided with um-
brellas, took refuge er a porte cocherc al-
ready tenanted by a young man with the
appearance of a clerk, who had an umbrella.
When the storm had somewhat abated, the
duc de Berri stepped up to the young fellow
and asked whether he would mind lending
the umbrella to enable him—the duc—to
take his wife home. The other was suspici-
ous and decidedly objected to parting with
his property on any conditions. The duc
persisted, but finding that there were no
hopes of obtaining a loan of the coveted ob-
ject, he asked its owner whether, though not
having sufficient confidence in him to lend
it, he would mind offering the lady his arm
as far as her residence, ‘The gallant young
clerk willingly agreed to do so, and off the
duchess and her escort accordingly started.
The latter individual, very garrulous by na-
ture, soon opened a eonversation by the
query as to whether his companion lived in
the quarter they were then in. ‘‘ Quite
close to here,” replied the duchess, “It is
a splendid quarter, madame, plenty of luxury
and very comme il faut, In fact, it is the
grandes dames’ quarter, with nothing but
duchesses and marquises in it, with their
dresses all worked in gold.” ‘‘ Quite so.’
‘*T don’t know whether madame has noticed
the fact, but generally the less elevated a
person’s grade of nobility the higher the floor
he or she occupies.” ‘There is some truth
in that,” gravely responded vhe duchess,

‘*For instance,” pursued the theorizer,
*‘you will usually find viscountesses and
baronessess on the fourth floor, and if mad-
ame happened to bee viscountess I would
wager that I know the floor on which she
lives—the fourth, that is”’— ‘‘ Not low
enough, sir!” said the lady. ‘‘Oh, well,
then, madame is very likely a comtesse?”
‘Lower still,” observed his companion.
‘Indeed !” madame must be a marquise,
then?” ‘My floor is lower yet,” replied the
duchess, who had found it very difficult to
avoid laughing outright. Just at this mo-
ment they arrived at the Elysee, the guard,
of course, presenting arms in due form, The
proprietor of the umbrella felt inclined to
shrink into himself, and was beginning to
stammer out some excuse when the duchess
cut him short by thanking him very heartily
for the services he had done her, and stating
that she would not forget it. The young
fellow returned to his employer, a wealthy
man of business, and recounted his adven-
ture, not quite recovering from the, to him,
unaccustomed effect of the society of a
duchess for the remainder of the day. Be-
fore the expiration of a week he received
from his ee uaintance of the Elysee
an umbrella man hg ee with silver,

Less Anxious to Fight a Duel.

(From the New Yor® Times.

The lie passed between Wolf von Scheir-
brand, one of the reporters, and Gallus
Toman, the assistant editor of the Frie
Presse, of Brooklyn, and the former sent the
latter a challenge to mortal combat. Von
Scheirbrand was once in Kaiser Wilhelm’s
army, and is said to be of noble lineage.
Toman is a Greek ; he speaks five languages
with ease, saw service in the union army
during the rebellion, and is said to be au
adept with co The law reporter of the
same journal, Sigismund Kander, was called
to be second to Mr. Toman. and he conveyed
to the German his principal's acceptance of
the challenge. The terms of the match, as
fixed upon by the challenged , were
pistols, three shots, the first at fifteen paces,
the second at ten, and the third at five, the
man who retreated before the programme was
carried out to be = as acoward. Von
Scheirbrand jumped at these terms and want-
ted to fight forthwith. He purchased a pis-
tol, sent his wife to Pennsylvania, and se
his affairs. A hitch occurred. Mr. Toman’s
second insisted on delaying the duel until
some convenient spot might be found where
the principals might have their fun without
interference. The German swore Toman was
a coward, and refused tedelay an hour. Thus
the matter stands. Scheirbrand’s pistol is
loaded, primed, and readv, like its owner, for
immediate action. Toman has not yet found
the convenient spot, disinterested persons say
he has not y t neglected his editorial duties
in the search. Chief of Police Campbell does
not placeso much confidencein the determina-
tion of either of the gentlemen to fight to con-
sult council as to whether he is empowered to
act in the matter,

Lost Explorers.

COMMANDER CHEYNE ON THE TRUE CAUSE OF
THE ANNIHILATION OF FRANKLIN S EX-
PEDITION,

Commander Cheyne has written the fol-
lowing to the New York Herald:

Franklin’s companies were starved to
death by the contractor who supplied pre-
served meats—or, rather, cle filth—to
the Erebus and Terror. This statement I
make upon clear and undeniable grounds, as
follows: The contractor who supplied Sir
John Franklin’s expedition also supplied the
first searching expedition under Sir James
Clarke Ross with preserved meats. What
was our — ? In very many instances
eight-pound tins labeled ‘‘roast beef” and
‘*roast mutton” were found to contain -
ing b t bones. Meat tins contained
vegetables, but never the reverse.

ublic will hardly credit the statement when

say that the hs of the animals were pre-
served in tins excepting the horns, hoofs and
hides ; the very en and contents
preserved for our subsistence during an arcti
voyage, when no other provisions could be
procur: ble. Often were we, in the midship-
men’s mess of her majesty’s ship Raat,
compelled to hold our noses w we
dinners, so great was the hah
also, when the daily rations
taken on the quarter-deck
condemnation,
be, “If I condemn those I might
half the provisions in the ship and
should simply starve.” ;

?

regions, 10,570 pounds
meats from the same
tractor were found to be ina 7

state, and were condemned and thrown over-
board as unfit for food. What happened
Malta and Deptford ? yada |S paren
this letter by details of the survey

his abominable meats at those
large quantities of his provisions
overboard from her majesty’s ship Herald in
the arctic regions, doubtless Capt. Bedford
Prim con sii eee Raiealend, forge
to sa: t, w! serving in j s
ship Bae on Capt. Austin’s Fe
my eyes lighted upon this contractor's name
on the empty tins lying about the beach at
Beechy island, the first winter quarters of
Frankiin. I knew at once that starvation

arctic climate, but to this man’s cupidity.
Thank God the remains of Lieut. Irvi
of Franklin’s officers, as known by a
Naval college medal found in his
have been brought away by Li
commanding the American searching

expedi-
tion, so that I trust a thorough investigati
of all the circumstances will Deceeid by
the public, if only in common gratitude to
those brave men who fell, one by one, in the
service of their country.

one happy the opportunity will not be
- = % fortune o
lower world are so frequent that the
sure to come when you can accommodate
your neighbour, and all this without serious
inconvenience to yourself. For instance :—
A German gentleman with slender means
said to his neighbour, the Herr Baron, who
lived in a fine dea eeu oy dexaiabieia 6
avenue, ‘‘ My dear is to
be married watt oink abd have come to

ask if you will kindly lend us your i
age to take us to the church.” The
Baron was not only kind hearted, but also
very discriminating in his favours,
lied, ‘* My good friend I shall
Felighted when I can be of any
are

ou. My horses, however, aatipeaite
rnd stately, and I have noti that

a
ding. You will therefore excuse me if
fuse. But,” and here he became very con-
fidential, ‘if it should so pen at any
time in the future that you my
to attend the funeral of any member
family I shall lend to you with the greatest
of pleasure.”

1

i

a ie

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

1]

The Irish Troubles.

- lt is sad to think of the misery endured
by the Irish people for many generations,
and sadder still to think that, after all that
has been done to mitigate or remove fhe
evil under which they labour, they are, to-
day,in as deplorable a state as they ever
were. Of course, we know it is the fashion
of the time to lay the responsibility of all
this on the land system of the country. It

~ is not Parnell and his co-agitators alone who

charge the sin of all this suffering on the
landlords, Ever and anon we find the same
sentiment cropping up in leading articles
and paragraphs, in both American and
Canadian newspapers. But the land sys-
tem in Ireland, whatever may be its faults,
is substantially the same as that which
exists both in England and Scotland ; and
yet, neither of these have been kept in the
chronic state of discontent and rebellion
which has, unhappily, so long existed in the
Island of the Saints. There is not so much
dissimilarity in these countries, that we
should not expect the same causes to pro-
duce the same effects in them all. But, while
England and Scotland have enjoyed a large
measure of prosperity and contentment, Ire-
land has had neither. Her people, asa rule,
have been miserably poor; in fact, so much so
‘asto be frequently on the verge of actual star-
vation, from which they have only been
kept by the charity of others.

We are told, however, that the landlords
in Ireland are not Irishmen ; that they were
not the original owners of the soil; that
they got the land into their possession by
confiscation and spoliation; and that they
were placed over the Irish people for the
purpose of alienating them from the Catho-
lic faith and making Protestants of them,
All this may be substantially true; and
there may be a great deal in these facts to
mske the blood of the patriotic Irish student
of history boil in his veins; but, after all,
the events of three centuries ago can
scarcely account for the misery of to-day.
The landlords of England are not English-
men. The followers of William the Con-
queror who divided the country among
them, and made slaves of the people,
did not prevent England from rising. The
Norman is the owner of the land to-day, but
the Saxon and the Celt, whom he reduced to
serfdom, eight hundred years ago, shows
more largely than he does to-day both in
wealth and political power. _It is true that
in England we do occasionally hear some-
thing about the tenure of land; but it is
generally discussed in a calm and philoso-
phical spirit ; and, though there are political
and social philosophers who believe the
English land system ought to be reformed,
nobody clamours for the summary ejectment
of the landlords as a means of curing either
the real or imaginary ills of the country.

The question with which we are brought
face to face in this agitation which is going
on in Ireland at the present time is, whether
there is any such thing as property in land?
And, if so, has the owuer of the land a right
to deal with it just as with any other sort of
property ; does the doctrine of Free Trade,
which is, that every man has a right to buy
in the cheapest market and to sell in the
dearest, apply to this as well as to every-
thing else! These are questions, however,
which we do not propose at present to dis-
cuss, Assuming that the gigantic act of
> Aig ie which, apparently, the Irish;Land

gue is seeking to bring about,jhad be-
come an accomplished fact ; and that every
landJord in Ireland was sent packing, would
that make the Irish a prosperous, contented,
and happy people? Could the little farmer,
with his miserable patch of ground—often

more than an acre or two—even though
hé owned it, in fee simple, ever be any thing
but miserably pcor? After all the nonsense
which has been talked and written about
the eviction of tenants, the fact is, that in
Dine cases out of ten, we suspect their for-
cible removal from the overburdened soil,

h is no louger able to sustain them,
would be the very best thing that could be
done for them. One of two things
ig essential to the prosperity of Ireland,
either that it be relieved of its surplus
population, or that industries be started on

a ient scale to give employment to the
ee cannot find it in the cultiva-

tion of the land. No country can ever be
that depends upon the cultiva-

n of the landalone, If manufactures had
in Ireland as they have been

_England and Scotland the probability
i that it would have been in a very different

position from what it is to-day.
Az to the land agitation with all its re-

volting attendants of murder and arson, and
every other form of outrage, whatever

may be its immediate result, we are satisfied
it will afford no considerable measure of
permanent relief. Poor Ireland has suffered
much from many physicians already, and we
fear there is now suffering in store for her
under the unskilful and blundering treat-
ment of Parnell, Dillon and Co, Every lover
of humanity will hope and pray that the
evils with which she is threatened may he
avoided, but it must be confessed the out-
look at present is gloomy and distressing.

i ooo

USEFUL RECEIPTS.

Iz brooms are wet in boiling suds once a
week they will become very tough, will not
cut a carpet, will last much longer, and al-
ways sweep like a new broom.

Cocoanut Pound Caxr.—One pound of
cocoanut grated ; one pound of white sugar,
one-fourth pound butter, six eggs, six table-
spoonfuls of sifted flour, and one glass of
brandy.

—

YEAST,—Boil a handful of hops, tied in a
thin cloth, in a gallon of water for half
an hour ; then take them out and add to the
water in which they were boiled, four grated
potatoes, two large spoonfuls of salt and the
same quantity of sugar stirred together in
about a pint of cold water. Boil ten or fif-
teen minutes, or until the potatoes are done.
When partly cold add some yeast to start it.

Cocoanut Puppine.—Take half a pound
dessicated cocoanuts and two thick slices of
bread ; put them to soak in a quart of milk
for two or three hours; then add an ounce
of butter, two ounces of sugar, the yolks of
four eggs, and a: saltspoonful of salt; beat
the whites to a stiff froth ; add them to your
pudding, and bake in a hot oven for three-
quarters of an hour, Serve hot,

ANGEL’s Foop.—Take half a box of gela-
tine and one pint of milk, and put it on the
fire, and, when the gelatine is entirely dis-
solved, add the yolks of three eggs, well
beaten, and four tablespoonfuls of white
sugar; let it boil a few minutes, then re-
move from the fire and stir in lightly the
whites, beaten to a stiff froth, Flavor with
vanilla, and pour into molds to cool,

SPONGE-CAKE.-- Twelve eggs, their weight in
granulated sugar, and the same of flour. Beat
the yolks of the eggs and the sugar well
together ; beat: the whites to a stiff froth;
sift the flour very lightly ; add a teaspoonful
of the beaten white of egg and one of the
flour alternately till all is used ; then add
the grated rind and juice of alemon. Puta
well-greased paper in a tin baking-pan and
bake the cake in it ina very hot oven; if it
is getting too brown on top, cover with a
piece of letter paper.

Trea Rouis.—Half a cake of compressed
yeast in three half-pints of lukewarm water;
add a quart of sifted flour, and mix well toa
thick batter. Let it stand six or seven
hours in a moderately warm place till well
risen. Then add two eggs, an ounce of
butter, four ounces of sugar, and a table-
spoonful of salt; add flour, (about a pint,)
and work well with hands till it is a soft
dough. Make into rolls; put them in the
pans they are to be baked in, and set near
the stove to rise; as soon as they rise, bake
in a quick oven.

Phe Opium Habit,

According to reports made at the recen
meeting of the American Missionary Associa-
tion, .the labors of American missionaries
have of late been reasonably successful, The
mission in Burmah is a govelty, being self-
supporting. In China the opium habit has
proved the greatest foe to Christianity, and is
met at every turn. As to the vast field of
India, it is ‘‘ yielding a glorious harvest. The
years spent in patient preparation of the soil
and in seed sowing have not been spent in
vain, The results of many years seemed
small. but it is well to remember that the
seed of the Gospel, when faithfully scattered,
will surely germinate sooner or later.” In
Turkey ‘‘a few of the Moslems are diligent
readers of the Bible, but the day has not yet
come when the Gospel can be preached to
them openly. New Churches have been or-
ganized the past year, new schools opened,
native pastors ordained, and many converts
received.” In Japan ‘‘ results have appeared
promptly in response to effort, and many
societies have been attracted to this on ac-
count of its great promise. Several new
missions have been established within two or
three years, and stations are being opened in
various parts of the empire.” The African
field is being occupied as rapidly as possible,
and there is declared to be no reason for dis-
couragement in that quarter,

A Woman Parmer.

One of the most enthusiastic admirers of
Gen. Hancock in Ulster county, New York,
is Miss Libbie Schoonmaker, whose career as
a farmer, stock raiser, and school teacher has
made her notorious in that part of the state.
Miss Schoonmaker, who is a woman about
38. years of age, is a striking example of
what a woman with a will of her own can
do toward getting along in the world, Four-
teen years ago, at the death of her father,

Johannes Schoonmaker, she inherited a large
estate, consisting principally of farming pro-
perty, heavily encumbered with debt. It
was the old homestead, and Miss Schoonmak-
er could not bear the idea of seeing it pass
into the hands of strangers, and was deter-
mined that it should not. Although then
only 24 years old, and with no more practical
knowledge of life than an ordinary country
lass, she assumed sole charge of the estate,
determined to clear of debt. Having an old
mother 62 years of age, a half sister, also
helpless from old age, the two orphan chil-
dren of a beceased brother, and a brother in
the last stages of consumption, to provide
for, this made her task doubly hard. A little
experience taught Miss Schoonmaker that it
was impossible to ‘support her large family
and keep up the interest arising from the
heavy indebtedness of the estate from the re-
sources of the farm, She accordingly began
to devise some method of increasing her in-
come, and decided upon school teaching.
She was engaged to teach in her own neigh-
bourhood at the modest sum of $8 per month.
In this, as in everything else, she showed re-
markable tact, and lier salary in a short time
was raised to $40 per month. She has con-
tinued school teaching ever since, overseeing
and directing the work of her farm, night
and morning, and during summer vacations
going into the harvest field with the farm
hands to pitch the hay, rake, bind, ete. She
has earried from teaching school over $3,500,
paid off the debtor the old homestead, and
besider greatly improved the property. Be-
sides teaching and raising corn and grain, she
has been an extensive stock-raiser. As a
farmer she has no superior in this section.
Her wheat crop averaged this year forty-two
bushels to the acre, the largest yield in the
county.

In personal appearance Miss Schoonmaker
is tall, with a robust, but comingly form,and
and a pleasing, intelligent countenance. She
is exccedingly kindhearted and generous, and
and will spend -her last cent for the benefit of
a needy friend or acquaintance, A short
time ago she learned that a brother-in-law
living in Pennyslvania was in destitute cir-
cumstances. She went to him and found him
helpless from an incurable disease, with a
family depending upon him. ‘‘ Ben,” she
said, ‘what can I do for you?” ‘‘ Nothing
Libbie,” was the reply. ‘‘ You have your
hands full already. We will have to go to
the county house, I suppose.” ‘‘ Never, Ben,
as long as I live. Come and enjoy the com-
forts of the old homestead with me. I will
keep you and your family as long as you
live.”

Miss Schoonmaker has had many suitors
for her hand, but, although naturally inclin-
ed to matrimony, she steadily refuses to
marry, on the ground that her husband
might in time object to be burdened with the
support of the old people and her helpless
brother-in-law and his family, which might
cause domestic troubles. Besides, she says
she has enough to do now without having to
support a husband, too, which she might
have to if she were to marry.

—_—q63§[V[ ++ —_—
Mr. Bartlett and the Baroness-

(From the London World.,)

It is now generally understood among the
Baroness Burdett-Coutts’s friends and near re-
lations that she has quite resolved to carry
out her intention of marrying Mr. Ashmead
Bartlett, but with the proviso that the settle-
ments shall be all on her own side, and her
money (such as remains to her) safely tied up.
It is also believed that the marriage will not
take place till all legal difficulties with regard
to the Duchess of St Alban’s will are cleared

up.
a

THE number of yearling thoroughbreds
from the great breeding establishments of
England sold during the past year aggregat-
ed 451, the progeny of 112 sires. They
realized 89,996 guineas—a decrease in the
amount paid to breeders of 41,773 guineas
as compared with 1877, when 486 yearlings
brought 131.666 guineas.

A Lonpon tailor has invented ‘‘ the unit-
ed suit,” which consists of a man’s complete
attire in one garment,

SMILES.

OLYOMARGARINE isn’t dairy maid.

Cuesrxvuts don’t have wings, but are sort
of burred-like,

What do *‘ eating apples” eat aud how do
they do it?

FLowixe locke—Those of a canel—when
they’re opened.

You will regret to learn that the Mabara-
jah of Jeypore died last month.

Tue infanta of Spain has begun to take
notice, and the King has ordered a bull-
fight. The child’s education will begin at
once, .

‘*Do you get any holidays in you office 7”
asked a returned divine of a cheery-looking
worker in secular walke, ‘Ob, yes, we get
a day to get buried on.”

‘¢ Never borrow trouble,” said a husband
to his wife. ‘* Oh, let her borrow it if she
can,” exclaimed the next door neighbour ;
‘‘she never returns anything you know.”

THE boundary line between infancy and
childhood has been passed when mamma's
darling can no longer take castor oil without
making a face like pickled tripe.

BEACONSFIELD’s new novel is to be called
‘¢ Endymion.” We give theold gentleman
this free notice as we hope his book will sell
well and help him out, financially.

At a London bazaar recentlya lady handed
round her baby to be kissed atsixpence each.
If it were a girl baby we would have paid
the price and taken a due bill due in six-
teen years.

A BRooKLYN man sued a dentist for $500
damages, on account of pulling the wrong
tooth, and recovered $30... The dentist, as
he handed over the money, said it came out
of him ‘‘ like pulling teeth.”

‘* NETER marry 4 woman,” remarked an
old observer, ‘‘ until you have dined her at
a public restaurant. If ehe calls for such
dishes as pork aud beans, or corn beef and
cabbage, your future happiness will be se-
cure in her keeping.”

A RURAL chap who witnessed the unload-
ing of Cleopatra’s Needle says he don’t won-
der that the dusky Queen committed suicide
by taking a viper to her bosom, if she had
to sew buttons on Mark Antony’s panta-
loons with a needle‘nearly seventy feet long,
or make shirts for the Jew dealers of Egypt
at five cents a shirt.

+ rrr OC

The British Census.

(From the London Times.)

Three acts were passed in the recent session
for taking the census of the population of the
United Kingdom. The first relates to Ireland
(43 and 44 Vie., cap. 28). Under the direc-
tion of the lord lieutenant houses are to be
visited on Monday, the 4th of April, and
other days, as appointed, and the population
on the premises on Sunday night, the 3rd of
April, to be ascertained, and among the
particulars to be gathered is the ‘‘ religious
profession” of each inmate. There are
penalties for withholding or giving false in-
formation, with a proviso that no person shall
be subject to such forfeiture for refusing to
state his religious profession. The provision
is omitted inthe other statutes. The next
act (cap. 37,) relates to England, and the
local government board is to superintend the
taking of the census. There are householder
schedules to be left in the course of the week
ending Saturday, April 2, and to be collected
on Monday, April 4, with particulars as to all
persons who were on the premises on Sunday
night, April 3, with penalties for neglect or
false answers. The act as to Scotland 1s chap.
38, and the secretary of state is to superintend
the census, and penalties are to be imposed
for disobedience of the directions given as to
householders’ schedules. In ‘the United
Kingdom the census is to be as to persons on
Sunday, the 3d of April next.

—_—— oe SPO

EUGENIE’s once lovely auburn hair is now
nearly white, and her beautifully shaped
face has become wan and thin.

“* CHANGE cars for New York,” cried the
brakeman of the Great Western Railroad ex-
press at Clifton, Ont.. An old man had
just changed routes, but not for New York.
He expired alone and uncared for. He was
over 70, had come from Council Blufis.
Thirty-three dollars in gold were found on
him, together with $245 in bills tied in an
old handkerchief around his neck,

12

MARKET REPORTS

CanADA LUMBERMAN OFFICE,
Toronto, 15th Noy., 1880.

There is no change to note in reference to
stocks of lumber on hand in this city.
Local trade is good. Building continues
ibrisk. Carpenters’ wages may be quoted
cat $1.50 per day. The Northern Railway
made great efforts to bring in outstanding
gawn stuff from Gravenhurst, &c., and has
succeeded in clearing the yards there. The
storm of the past week, which proved so
disastrous on Lake Ontario, has disorganized
shipping to the United States, for the time
being, but as soon as vessels can come up,to
the balance of the season’s trade will
be completed. Vessels for Oewego are still in
demand at $1.50. Prices are keeping up
in New York and Boston for hardwood,
In the former city the supply of walnut is
limited, and the better grades of wood are
arriving slowly. The Limberman’s Gazette,
Nov. 8, states unsettled weather has had a
damaging effect on the lumber trade, Prices

firm, Freights on lumber rising. Recent
sales shipped by rail.
WHOLESALE RATES.
Mill culls,...:.........-.... 5 50 @ 7 00
Shipping cull stocks....... 10 00 @ 11 00
Shipping culls, (in box,)...._ 8 50 @ 10 00
Dressing inch,.............. 11 50 @ 13 00
Flooring, 14 & 14 in,....... .. 12 00 @ 13 00
Joisting and scantling,..... 9 50 @ 10 50
Mill run sidings............. 12 00 @ 14 00
Pickings.......0.+..0..00006024+ 17 00,.@ 20 00
Clear and pickings............ 25 00 @ 28 00
Lath.......... OF. co ditianosppaeen e2On@, dalenA0
Shingles, No. 1.......00.+-20-. 210@ 220
INO iach retoest aeredihes 140 @ 1 60
LONDON, ONT.
Common Lumber.......... $10 00 @ 12 00
Stock boards.........5..-5 13 00 @ 15 00
Clear in. and 14 to 2in..... 25 00 @ 30 00
Bill stuff, wp to 16 feet..... @ 18 00
OV ELULG tesa neh Lahioetisk 13 00 @ 14 00)
Lath, per 1000 feet.. ......... @ 400
Shingles No, 2, per M........ @ 2 65,
PCL SYUATC.......cceee sane @ 1 90

OTTAWA. |

The following are quotations in the Otta-
wa market :—

12 in. stocks, good........ $18 00 @ 20 00
12 ad S. culls..... 10 00 @ 10 50
10 ae good... ....... 16 00 @ 18 00
10 ES S. culls...... 950 @ 10 50
Strips, good.............. 17 00 @ 20 00
S4) Gecullstgeiy clas ee epiere 0000 5@) am 7a0
Sidings, 1}, 14, and 2 in.,
FOOU ENN e estyeiniecalaiees 23 90 @ 26 00
ce “culls 900 @ 10 00
Lath (# 1,000 pes.)........ 000 @ 1 00
Deals (% Quebec standard
UStieiieiis «ahecevie eet (OL005@ T0200
Deals (# Quebec standard)
Dds lila cies ditadsneotee ~OUOOZ@e6auN00
Deals ( Quebec standard)
Sree what elhs. ctl laseyete 000 @ 8 50
Cull deals (# M. ft.)...... 650 @ 8 59
FREIGHT,

To Montreal, $1.15; Quebec, $2; Bur-
lington, $2; Whitehall, $1.25; Albany,
$3.50; New York, $4.

DETROIT.

Yard rates, continue as follows :
Uppers, all thicknesses... .$40 00 @ 45 09
HelOctsiesrcmvercyiis amar estes 35 00 @ 38 00
Fine common, thick....... @ 30 00
No. 1 common stock, 1x12.. 16 00 @ 18 00
Common shippers, 1x12.... 13 00 @ 14 00

Flooring, select............ @ 25 00
COMMON ere avsisiecsaice arts @ 22 00
Roofing, matched.......... @ 16 00
Sidings cleat create siyj-p-i4 @ 24 00
ASSOLE Ct iaccters cece Siavsnsters ats @ 20 00
BicOMMOI ese ewe @ 16 00
Ceiling, select............. @ 30 00
GOIN ONS ABS Hae ORCI O Oe @ 25 00
Shipping culls............. @ 12 00
Mill cull boards........... @ 10 00
Dimension or bill stuff to 16
feetinths remiteed 6 keen. @ 14 00
18 to 24 feet.... 0.0.0... @ 15 00
longer than 24 feet...... 16 00 @ 20 00
Shingles, clear, 18 inch.... @ 400
6 inch clear, 18 inch..... @ 275
DOAth cviate diavete u sleleinis tls sevens @ 225

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

BUFFALO.

We quote cargo lots : |
DIGS Baan ora uae tn coma: $35 00 @ 40 i
Common...... Rann icaoner 16 00 @ 19 00
Cr se creAescscrsie ae eeieaeier tate 11 00 @ 12 00

Assorted lumber in car lots or boat loads :
3 uppers 1 inch,............ @ 40 00
Dor eran (Aan reese 40 00 @ 42 00
DOS E210: arcuate ane obit 45 00 @ 47 00
Do. 243 and 4 in, special..

Pickings 1 inch.......... .. 28 00 @ 30 00
sf 14 and 14 in........ 33 00 @ 35 00
Oo 2, 3d; and & i0,,

SPCClalyny ciate ot ,-. 22 00 @ 00 00
Say avery AAA Dnlorand ner 22 00 @ 00 00
Cutting Up in dea tease 22 00 @ 24 00
Sidings, com., 1 in......... 16 50 @ 17 00

ce 14 in. and over,,... 17 00 @ 20 00
Common, stocks............. 16 50 @ 17 00
Box, all thicknesses........ 13 00 @ 14 00
18 m XXX shingles........, 340 @ 3 50
18 inch clear butts......... 240 @ 2 50
LOEW tomo renaattn CUNO pT AOLT y 175 @ 1 80

We quote wholesale prices of hardwood
lumber, delivered on cars or boat :

Walnut 4 inch clear.............. $65 00
INCH, StS a0 HOS seas cctiay aerate 70 00
# inch, lsts and 2nds, 14 feet coffin

BUOCK .ts.7: cat erece mp anela durable Riatenrerat te 73 00
Tinch Jsts) and: 2nGs en aaaieitaie i hen nO

The, 1 ANG 2 INCH). 0 ore aster talelaaiels 74 00
24 inch and thicker,.............--. 70 OO
(Cohbhal tic hainian nc AMES Age Merchoe oa Se 130 00
HEWES 7X0. LOMORLO 05,415 rieleieiele 90 00
common in, & thicker,............... 50 00
culls, Sin Glia, is sraajacn tte Maa pie ean 35 00
CAVITE bo hikdl te aihonarE Bian deine: 35 00

White ash, Ohio Ist and fine 2nds.,,. 28 00

AOVVADbe Wy OOCE OID Cie crater st rit eee 30 00
isle) TRAE Sa ee tired hey Bar Poon 28 00
# in, coftin Stock, 14 ft. doe se. sums 30 00
square, 4x4 to 10x10.............. 33 00

Chestnuts, lsts and fine 2nds,....... 30 00

IAD O va scare leneieisisTacciielaeets pictae axa.) ofits 25 00

VW/DIGAN OM en DIONE cyte, arts inten ores 30 00

Cherry, inch and thicker.....,....... 42 00

Butternut. ps.se oie sisteperatelsigs einem ativive 45 00

Hickory, 6 CS OU1O\ salentsvajecaerene stale ets 35 00

CHICAGO.

Report up to Nov. 5, states weather plea-
sant and receipts heavy. Piece stuff holds
at $8.50 the total receipts of the year up to
Nov. 2, has been 1,387,057,000 feet of lum-
ber, and 571,029,000 shingles, which, com-
pared with last year, is an excess of 120
million feet, but less than 100,000 shingles.

YARD RATES.
First and second clear, 1@ 1} in..,...$43 00

First. and 2d clear, 21p)....)...00+.0+ 45 00
DWhird clean, 14/@i2Z IMs iy persis one 38 00
Chird.clean al Inch. 5 .iaseal salenel gf GONOO
1st and 2d clear dressed siding...... 20 00
Ist com. dressed siding.............+. 19 50
NSSGONG COMMON nia eijetee cles sete 17 50
Flooring, Ist com. dressed.......... 34 00
Flooring, 2d com, dressed........... 32 00
Flooring, 3d com, dressed,.......... 24 00
Box) bds,, Aplin. san) Tpiiie..« s/s Sets 43 00
Box bds, B, 14 in, and up............ 37 00
Box: boards: |Gss. item lasimokietreatel 25 00
A stock boards, 12 @ 16 in., rough,... 37 00
Bistockj bass VO: GjaLQanh cu. . sieeciens 3 00
@istoek bds) TONG plein. ccs sins cinta 27 00
Common stock boards .............. 17 00
Gull boardgesni pecside tele $10 00 @ 11 00
Hono os sNOsvcphs « ajvjuis, seven siete 13 50
Heneinps AN Ory 2irefeha'ejsiaisisis e105 BRO ete 11 50
Common boards............ 12 00@ 15 00
DUM GOSLONIS tO \3<-cioslidretaretens aera 11 00
Dimension stuff, 20 @ 30 ft..12 50 @ 20 00
Small timber, 6 x 6 to8 x 8.......... 12 00
FROUNG POSES HCOGANL. Goiscctemiisslemies 15 00

Pickets, dressed and headed, flat.... 15 00
Pickets, do., square..........++.0..-..-/ 20 00
PIGKOUS) SEOU SNS fevers cies iscatielereie aie ~) eel eNOD
@learshingles. cya. carer cemicinceee w ele 3 25
Extras Ars Sbinelesiiparsese cain. sce 2 65
Standard ‘‘ A” dry shingles.......... 2 40
Shaded ‘‘A” shingles............... 1 10
No wlshinglesea: cel cen deeercser 1 00
Cedarishinglestinn. «cecum etostear rs 2 25
baths (OT ysicctmastae trace aor eimeneiit rae 2 25
OSWEGO, N. Y. 3

Three*upperss.. 3.1. cc eee cs $38 00 @ 40 00
PICKINGS wits rnee CRMC 28 00 @ 30 00
‘Pines COMMON jee ts cece 20 00 @ 22 00
WomMOre te cctecnterterere cir 14 00 @ 16 00
OU Ree anAle anicdras tig 12 00 @ 14 00
Nat rumplotsenceiecsaeterceise 16 00 @ 20 00
Sidings, selected, linch.... 28 00 @ 32 00

1 MOD aries cele tere 28 00 @ 35 00
Millrun, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet 16 00 @ 20 00

Nelectedinccsecvesieees 20 00 @ 25 00

Shipperss.) rr accra or 15 00 @ 16 00
Mill run, 1 and 1} in, strips 15 00 @ 18 00
Culls, selected............ 20 00 @ 24 00
1x6 selected, for clapboards 24 00 @ 35 00
Shingles, XXX, 18-in. pine 300 @ 3 50

XXX, 18-in. cedar..... 300 @ 310
Lath wis sictehreie see cea st L OO Naud: 76

ALBANY.
FREIGHTS,

To New York ¥ M. feet........... $ 100
To Bridgeport. ,4 2435-4. seen eere 1 25
To New Havens ey, tess cone 1 2
Lo-Providenes, Fes. A322 eee shee 2 00
To Pawtucket; 72), (ccs. thence > Je 2 25
To Norwalk, 2% Bi Aes ete 12
ToHartiord Fite oie. seu cteesete e OD
To Middletown. (2.252 3. s0. + -cfeete« 1 75
To New London.s.....5..5000 ree 1 75
To Philadelphia, ise 00s0. 00s ssere' ve 2 00

Quotations at the yards are as follows :
Pine, clear, #M.,.................. 48@60
Pine, fourshey es outen, va. cae 43@55
Pine, selecta,. 200% 328)..59. SMG 38@45
Pine, good boxy. #08 tien. teen 17@28
Pine, common box, sa -nstyatle rap ae 14@17
Pine, 10-in. plank, each............ 38@A2
Pine, 10-in, plank, culls..,......... 21@23
Pine boatdsy 10-1’ sct.- seis lee ols aes 25@28
Pine, 10-in boards, culls, each...... 17@18
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft. # M...... 28 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16 tt........... 28 00
Pine [2-in. boards,13 ft............ 28 00
Pine, 14-in., siding, select.......... 42 00
Pine, 14-in. siding common........ 18 00
Pine, 1-in. siding, selected,........ 40 00
Pine, l-in. sidiag, common......... 16 00
Spruce boards, each................ 16
Spruce, plank, 14-in., each......... 20
Spruce, plank, 2.in., each.......... 30
Spruce, wall strips, each............11@114
Hemlock, boards, each............. 13
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each.......... 30
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4............ 94
Black walnut, good, # M.......... 85 00
Black» Walnut, (6-40 . cigs «a» fake eetois 78 00
Black walnut, #-In........eseeee00 78 00
Sycamore, -1n..5..:asdadbeesaes ee 28 00
Sycamore, P-ii.',o11 7) wae eae ae 22 00
White wood, 1 inch and thicker.... 40 00
White wood, § inch................. 30 00
Bah} good 5.8 2500. Oe a ee 43 00
Ash, second quality............... 30 00
Cherny; a good... 5. Walt tet es 60 00
Cherry, common.... :............... 35 00
Oak, poodtis:£30, 8. Rete A oe 42 00
Oak, second quality......... est 25 00
Basawood'!,.. ifs} aes tee 25 00
Hickoryavex 92 .Woetee Say Lae RE 40 00
Maple, Canadas, ;.:..jc. ce? deevehissee gee On
Maple, American, . 65.5.0... .00done 28 00
Chestnut,.......... gies «GTS Rik a SRD 40 00
Shingles, shaved, pine..m......... 6 00

she ay 2d quality... ........ 4 50
Shingles, extra, sawed, pine...... 4 25
Shingles, clear, sawed, pine....... 3 25
Shingles, cedar, mixed............ 2 75
Shingles, hemlock...........ss000s 2 00
Lath, “hemlook,.....0.;..2 dt twee. ant GRIGG
Tat, BpINOG, 5 tse ces sie tee 2 00

CLEVELAND.
ROUGH LUMBER.

Uppers, thick.......... ae eek iP $45 00
THIGH alata atn.s-« Stet «Sates eRe ee 42 00

OS, GHIGK . «lets ai. c:- Ml .¢ 5 pcre eee 36 00
AGH, «sfc causkaicctols« cackieen nec ae 32 00

24, 3 and 4 in c’ears special

Flooring strips, 6 in, No. 1........... 34 00

Fencing strips, 6-in, No. 1.......... 16 00

Ce ei re ee 14 00

Select common, thick............... 28 00
ING TS Iiiek the eee 24 00

Oommon.. . . S265, SER ee cece oe

RITES oocancaxace conan oxktc cee aeeeian etek art . 12 00

Bitds Wo. O12 7 ee cote, eee
ING re int ia coerced sae 16 00
INOS i. iciidet sets OC Se eee ie 14 00
No 18 ee cea «ete
No D'08 Fitter et came cet cote 18 00
INOPS WS Tete cc cctesn ences eee 15 00

BST Bite TOES Tu ce on ac tenta csurasee ets 13 00

Bill stuff over 18 ft. adds
75c to $1 per ft. per M.

Shingles, GRR Koo. ne sacetactncasagars cerere 3 60
GLGRT DU ites oe cee oece cere snr aks canes 2 60

1 has cg ee CR TRC Re cigarette

Surfacing one side adds to the price of
roueh lumber: is cocccctaew cynasce, SEAUNG

OISTLGS Sane otc canet taco ener ctten mvievcecade ccd aa Rene

Norway bds and strips.................... 18 00
COMMONS, -cccers cecars fans ce OME, LOO

. DRESSED LUMBER.

Flooring and drop siding clear....... $40 00
Om. RTA CRAG RS Re
peleuticomeih. 3... SROUa a... oR
CHINMOMS LTE wT EL ORR 20 00

Siding, 4 in. bevel clear............. 00

ORL RR RRR See i SS 20 00
select common..,.... RY ste

Working lumber matching flooring and
drop siding, $2 ; working 4 in. siding, $4.

BUY ONLY THE BEST!

ROYAL PRINTOGRAPH

THE KING COPYING TABLET.

Always takes the lead.
Over 400 copies have been printed from one writing.

PRIZES AWARDED FOR SUPERIOR MERIT

The only Diploma given by the Industrial Exhibi-

tion Association of Toronto, for “‘ Copying Tablets,”

was awarded to us for our “Improved Copying
Tablets,” with black and cojoured inks.

We also received a Special Prize at the Provincial
Exhibition at Hamilton, and also an Extra Prize for
our very ‘‘ Superior Copying Inks,” for use on the
Printograph or other Copying Tablets.

GREAT IMPROVEMENTS,
NEW FEATURES
BLACK AND COLOURED INKS,
AND A

SPECIAL PENCIL.

Also a Special Copying Ink for use on Rubber-
Stamps.

EVERY PRINTOGRAPH IS WARRANTED.

PRICES REDUCED

_ Prin phs. 31.00 and upwards, accor to
size. Inks, 25 ceuts per bottle. Cop: Pencil, 20
cents each. Our manufactures can sent to any
address on receipt of price.

PIM & CO,,
Manufacturers, 61 King Street East, Toronto.

CavuTion—As there are worthless imitations being
sold under different names the public are cautioned
against buying any but “ Pim’s Royal Prin +
as none but those ing our name are genuine.

GLASS BALL CASTORS

For FURNITURE, PIANOS,
ORGANS, etc., the best and most
pear Castors in be market.

ey greatly improve the tone of
musical instruments.

RHEUMATISM, NERYOUS-
NESS, SLEEPLESSNESS cured
by insulating beds with them.

Sold by hardware dealers.

Agents wanted,

GLASS BALL CASTOR COMP'Y,
64, 66 & 68 REBECCA ST.,

HAMILTON, On TT.
1-8

In Press—To BE PUBLISHED IN JANUARY, 1881.
LOVESLI’S

Gazetteer of British North America.

Containing the latest and most authentic aa.
tions of pa 7,500 Cities, Towns and in the
Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Sco! New
Brunswick, Newfoundland, Prince Edward
Manitoba, British Colum and the North-West
Territories, and other general information, drawn
from official sources, as to the locality, ex.
tent, ect., of over 1,800 Lakes and Rivers; a Tasue
or Rovtss, showing the proximity of the Railroad
Stations, and Sea Lake and River Ports, to the
Cities, Towns, Villages, etc., in the several Provinces,
(this Table will be found invaluable); and a neat
Coloured Map of the Dominion of Canada Edited
by P. A. Crossby, assisted by a corps of Writers.
Subscribers’ names respectfully solicited. Agents
wanted. }($@Prics $3—Payable on Delivery.
JOHN LOVELL & SON, Publishers.

Montreal, August, 1880.

PUBLIC NOTICE.

Ane PERSONS NOW SQUATTED

upon any Public eH within a ge
Crown Land Agency are y reques iy
without delay to John S, Searlett, Esquire, Crown
Lavd Agent at Nipissing, and have their locations
carried out in due form, failing which their claims
caunot be recognized by the Dapartment.

THOS. H. JOHNSON,
Assistant Commissioner,

De *t of Crown Lands,
Toronto, 18th Oct., 1880.

DISSOLUTION OF PARTNERSHIP

ye PARTNERSHIP sabe
FORE existing between Gro. Brncover and
DineMAN, as Machivery has this day been
dissolved by mutual consent. All accounts will be
settled, and the business carried on by Geo. Ben-
gough under the name and style of Wm. Dingman &
Co,

Gro Baneover,
Ws. Diveman,
Witness ; Ep, E. Kine.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

. NEILL

Gee

MIDLAND RAILWAY OF CANADA

Whitby, Port Perry & Lindsay |
RAILWAY. IRON FOUNDERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF

NOTICE TO SHIPPERS.

All freight for points on the above roads
should be shipped via the Granp TRUNK
Rariway, when it will be forwarded by the
shortest route without transhipment and at
the cheapest rates.

Fast Freight Trains Run Through To
Peterborough, Fenelon Falls, Kin-
mount, Minden, Orillia, Lindsay, Hali-
burton, Midland, and Waubaushene,
connecting with fast steamers for
Parry Sound and Byng Inlet.

For rates, etc., apply to local agents, or to
A. Wurtz, General Traffic Agent, Peter-

borough.
GEO. A. COX,
Managing Director, M. R. of C.

JAS. HOLDEN,
Managing Director W., P. P., and L. Ry.

Great Western Railway

TICKFTS to San Francisco and all Points on the
Pacific Coast, both Overland and by Pacific Mail
Steamships from New York, Winnipeg and the
North West by all Routes. London, Detroit, Sns-
pension Bridge, and ail the principal points in the
UnirEep States, both east and west, with the fullest
information of Routes, with Guides, Time Tables,
Maps, &c., FREE.

SOLE AGENCY FOR THE
WHITE ©<TAR LINE,
To Liverpool, Londonderry, Queenstown, Bel-
fast and Glasgow.

T. W. JONES, Agent, -

23 York Street, Toronto, near Queen’s Hotcl.

‘ OR SALE, IN THE BEAUTIFUL

town of Orillia, a very commodious brick house
With out buildings and garden, Terms moderate.
Apply to Editor of LuMBERMAN, Toronto.

AEN BROTHERS, ~—|/Fpont, and Esplanade Streets, Opposite the Queens Hotel,

“Brokers, and general Produce-Proyision Commis-
sion Merchants, 24 Water Street, Saint Jobn, N. B.

Highest References provided. Consignments solici-

ted. Correspondence respeetfully requested. Returns > Fe °@) Ry a" ©)

qromptly made. » é
*waMAC KE NZIE. D. G. MACKENZIE.

msc” gr ufe “won NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.

That the above isa most satisfactory and profitable rate of interest will 202.3 SP ARKS ST REET. OTTAWA
a ’ :

ENGINES, BOILERS db SAW MILL

MACHINE RY-

—4

be conceded by all. But the careful attention paid to this t
department, by the Directors of the HTNA LEFE INS U BAN on vom
P ’ more apparent when viewed in the light of the followi

‘figures, found in the late: ublished re i i aS
- peorees £2 tiie Tatos Pp ae x ports of 3 Americaa, 8 British, and 2
: NAME. ASSETS. INTEREST. BATH,
table, New York...... paadeencsae $84,195,368 $1,950,680 65.70
Union Mutual .......... aeaneien 6,87 344,591 6.01
New York Life... ssssservercssce 35,630,557 921,887 5.67
London and Lancashire . se 851,720 37,325 4.38
Reliance, of London. ................000+ 2,379 410 109'720 461
ee oe Edinburgh. semen 25,939,686 1,120, 4.31
_ Canada ee eee eee) EECELOEEY ECE ,070,988 199, 6:40
Sun Mutual, Montreal . ree. 319,178 21,774 6.82
Matual, Jibhrisl te i a 88,068 4,684 5,26
PR RERO crocasscecsanpsnsscescsisevacsse0 $12,149,797 $644,436 5.86
i Bare 761): ; ;
5 35 per cent. bon $3,761,342 is eM dh ag Stonis ray

Upwards of $585,000 was therefore realized in 1879 by the ZS TNA’
management from its $23,761,342 over and above the peeraee of the sls
Oompanies. This is a oint of great importance to persons desiring to insure
their lives on the TH PROFITS” plan. All the profits in the
ETNA ate LL Sat belong to the Policyholders.

Recei above shewn, 4 more profitable rate of interest on its funds
and also transacting its large business at a great saving in general expenses,
compared with others, this Company is able to offer the public more favorable

Tates, as may be seen from the following examples.
columns show the premiums at 40 years ot age: 3 pgares ace ment
q $1000. Endowments, with Profits, Death only,
at Death, or the end i
\ fom tpelle , or the end of without Profits.

. 15 y’Rs, 20 y’RS, AGH 30, AGH 40. AGH 60 ‘ i
68.60 3 264. Manufacturers of tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp meetings, Photographe s, Lawn and Mili-

$ 50.30 $18.20 25.90 30 : A

69.60 68.40 19.20 26.20 63.60 tavy encampments, with or without extra extra roofs. all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped, mildew
68.70 50.05 19.08 26.04 62.76 proof or plain. Prices frem 35, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes) made of the best
68.70 a ee ae Au gtye ea silk-finish bunting. CAMP BEDS (Bradley’s pa-

69 40 61.70 16.90 94.60 63.90 tent) the best bed ever invented ; size when folted,
69.49 61.78 Fo hag ge 2x 6in.; 3feet long, weighing only 11 pounds, but
69.49 61.78 pee s an Say strong enough to bear the weight of any man.
69.92 51.56 18.80 25.05 68.58 Waterproof waggon and horse covers, tarpaulins,
70.€4 62.60 22.92, 80.49 67.91 sheets, coats and leggings -of every -description,
aeieves 61.97 20.87 28.16 665.96 made to order on the premises. [ES Special rates
— - ——_S ——_—- —— toLumbermen. Send for catalogue and price list to
69.41 65150 10.51 26.63 64.58 - .

64.48 48.77 1720 9437 61.98 National Manufacturing Co.,

A 2.73 $1 2.26 2.60 202 Sparks Street, Ottaws_

7 2.
Besides this important difference in the rates (which is of itself a largo
sd OT frig og hes ETNA makes a liberal peek dividond FOR B R 7
auction Pp rates, making in most cases a very EEN’S HOTEL. oo a
pa difference than here shewn. WM. H. ORR, Manager. mar Va ap ete
BRACEBRIDGE.

DOMINION HOUSE. JuHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor | FITB Wateles and J ewellery,..

yt—_<

ORILLIA HOUSE. (late of Georgetown,) having lately purchased
ORILLIA, BRACEBRIDGE. ue Bbore hotel, vill cndeaves to make it one of ——CALL AT
New and Commodious Brick Building; best north the best houses in the District of Muskoka. Tourists 3
AT + splend oms.; cent A good house inevery respect. free ’bus to and | and hunting parties will receive eyery possible attent- RY I
a; Beaten of wees peta lot fate wharf, ernie? $1 per day. ° ion, Free ’bus to and from the steamboat wharf. ,° ‘~ | R E 5, the Jeweller t
JOHN KELLY, Proprietor. R. GILCHRIST, Proprietor. } Terms, one dollar per day. | 113 Yonge-st., Toronto,

~

¢

14

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

A Story of Chopin.

At the little town of Zullichau, Chopin
and his friend, finding that they had an hour
to wait for horses, Professor Jarocki propos-
ed awalk through the place. This did not
take leng, and as the horses were not ready
when they returned, the Professor sat down
to a mea!—the post-house being also a res-
taurant. But Frederic, as if drawn by a
magnet, went into the next room, and. saw
—oh, wonder of wonders!—a grand piano.
Professor Jarocki, who could see through
the open door, laughed to himself when his
young friend opened the instrument, which
had a very unpromising exterior. Chopin
also looked at it with some misgivings ; but
when he had struck a few chords hs exclaim-
ed, in joyful surprise, ““O Santa Cecilia,
the piano isin tune.” Only the impassioned
musician knows what it is, after sitting for
several days in a diligence, suddenly and
quite unexpectedly to have an opportunity
of playing on a good instrument. Regard-
less of his surroundings our artist began to
iniprovise con amore. Attracted by the
music, one of the travellers got up and stood
behind the player’s chair. Chopin called out
to Professor Sarocki, in Polish, ‘‘ Now we
shall see whether my listencr be a connois-
seur or not.”? Frederic began his Fantasia
on Polish songs (op. 13); the traveller, a
German, stood like one petrified, captivated
by this music, so new and bewitching ; his
eyes mechanically followed every movement
of the pianist’s delicate hand ; he had for-
gotten everything, even his beloved pipe,
which went out unheeded. The other tra-
vellers stepped in softly, and at the same
time the tall postmaster and his buxom wife
appeared at the side door, with their two
pretty daughters behind thom, Frederic,
unmindful of his audience, and absorbed in
converse with his muse, had lost all thought
of where he wag, and that he must soon be
on his way. More and more tender and
graceful became his playing; the fairies
seemed to be singing their moonlight melo-
dies ; everyone was listening in rapt atten-
tion to the elegant arabesques sparkling from
his fingers, when a stentorian voice, which
made the windows rattle, called out, ‘‘ The
horses are ready, gentlemen.”—‘‘ Con-
founded disturber,” roaied the postmaster,
while the triplet of ladies cast angry glances
at the p stilion, Chopin sprang from his
seat, but was immediately surrounded by
his audiei.ce, who exclaimed with one voice :
“©Go on, dear Sir, finish that glorious piece,
which we should have heard through but
for that tiresome man,”—‘‘ But,” replied
Chopin, censulting his watch, ‘‘we have al-
ready been here some hours, and are due in
Posin shoitly.”—‘“‘Stay and play, noble
young artist,” cried the postmaster, ‘‘I
will give you courriers’ horses if you will
only remain a little longer.” —‘‘ Do be per-
suaded,” began the postfnaster’s wife, al’
most threatening him with an embrace.
What could Frederick do but sit down again
to the instrument! When he paused the
servant appeared with wine and glasses ; the
daughters of the host served the artist first,
then the other travellers, while the post-
master gave a cheer for the ‘‘ darling Poly-
hymnias,” as he expressed it, in which all
united. Que of the company (probably the
town cantor) went close up to Chopin and
said, in a voice trembling wich emotion,
‘*Sir, I am an old and thoroughly trained
musician ; I, too, play the piano, and so
know how to appreciate your masterly per-
formance ; if Mozart had heard it he would
have grasped your hand and cried ‘‘ Bravo.”
An insignificant old man like myself cannot
dare to do so.” The women, in their grati-
tude, filled the pockets of the carriage with
the best eatables that the house contained,
not forgetting some good wine. The post-
master exclaimed, with tears of joy, ‘‘As
long as I liveI shall think with enthusiasm of
Frederic Chopin.” When, after playing one
more mazurka Frederic prepared to go, his
gigantic host seized him in his arms, and
carried him to the carriage.”

Surely musie has a strange power and
fascination, when even a _ tobacco-loving
German could allow his pipe to go out; and
so indeed thought Chopin, when relating the
incident to his friends in after years.

OS

Among the royal people Forbes met were
fave kings up an opponent’s sleeve at a card
table.

AN extravaganza company advertised in
Pittsburg that they would pay a reward to
anybody who could find the shadow of a plot
in ‘‘The Flock of Geese,” the play which
they performed. So few persons went to
the theatre to search that the company dis-
banded, and the manager pawned a diamond
pin to pay their fares to this city.

Garibaldi at Genoa,

(London News.)

Garibaldi’s formal request for permission
to visit his son-in-law was promptly and
courteously answered. The arrangements
were left entirely to his own convenience, and
he choose to go down shortly after 11 o’clock
this morning. As Soon as the open carriage
in which he reclined appeared in the streets
a crowd, momentarily growing in numbers,
and increasing in enthusiasm, surrounded it.
The people, even in moments of wildest ox-
citement seem full of tender pity for the
maimed hero,and no desire to touch the hem
of his garment will induce them to run the
slightest risk of injuring him in a crush.
This morning about a score of volunteers
from the crowd linked arms and marched at
the back and by the sides of the carriage to
keep off the pressure. Within this corden
walked one of the Garibaldians, an old griz-
zled soldier, who had supplied himself with
an undersized alpaca umbrella- When the
carriage, occasionally passing outof the shad-
ow of the high houses, came into the sun-
light up went the alpaca umbrella trembling
in every rib from an undue expenditure of
strength in the effort of opening it, and Gar-
ibaldi’s head was sheltered from the sun’s
rays. As yesterday, all the honse fronts were
thronged, and once, as the carriage passed
along the Via Roma, a shower of bright flow-
ers rained from an upper window half filling
the carriage, and casting undesigned largesse
among the crowd.

The return journey was marked by similiar
manifestations of enthusiasm, always, as it
seems to me, tempered by tenderest pity.
There is, perhaps, no parallel in the world to
the peculiar regard of a people for a man
such as is displayed in Genoa to-day, toward
Garibaldi. He has been so strong in their
behalf and is now so weak in his own, that
tears start in the eyes of strong men, as they
look upon him carried helplessly through
their streets, bent, to-day, as ever, upon do-
ing what he holds to be right, though the
heavens fall. As the carriage neared the
prison to-day I saw a well-dressed middle-age
man force his way through the crowd till he
was as close to Garibaldi as the girations of
the alpaca umbrella made it safe to be. He
uncovered his head, and with passionate ges*
tures kissed his hand to the old man, who did
not even observe his approach. This done,
he quietly walked back tohis shop and re-
sumed business. If the people could only
take up Garibaldi in their strong arms and
nurse him back to health and strength, they
would abandon all other occupations to per-
form this task of love and duty. They will
do anything for him except work themselves
up into a condition of dangerous excitement,
because a not very wise man who chances to
be his son-in-law has done a silly thing, and
the civil authorities, inoculated with the pre-
valent folly, have thought it worth while to
take him aw serieww,

——

You Have no Excuse.

Have you any excuse for suffering with
Dyspepsia or Liver Complaint? Is there
any reason why you should go on from day
to day complaining with Sour Stomach, Sick
Fleadache, Habitual Costiveness, palpitation
of the Heart, Heart burn, Water-brash,
Gnawing and burning pains at the pit of the
Stomach, Yellow Skin, Coated tongue, and
disagreeable taste in the mouth, Coming up
of food after eating, Low Spirits, &. No!
Itis positively your own fault if you do,
Go to your Druggist———and get a bottle
of Gremn’s Aucust FLowER for 75 cents
your cure is certain, but if you doubt this,
get a Sample Bottle for 10 cents and try it.
Two doses will relieve you.

a 8
A Stubborn fact.

Dr. Fowler’s Extractof Wild Stawberry
is, without a doubt, the safest and most re-
liable remedy~in existence, for diarrhea,
dysentery, cholera morbus, sour stomach,
sea-sickness, and all summer complaints. It
acts like a charm. Its effects are marvelous
—relief instantaneous, cure speedy, Physi-
cians and all who use it recommend it. It
should be kept in every home at this season,
for use in cases of emergency. For sale by
all dealers.

SEVERAL noblemen in England are in the
habit of giving special orders to makers in
Virginia for their supply of smoking tobacco,
There is no doubt that by that means they
cet the very best tobacco to be had, but it
costs them about $2 a pound, The working-
man of Canada are smoking the very same
quality of tobacco at 60 cents a pound, and
it is known to them by the name of “ Myrtle
Navy.”

Summer CoMPLAINTS, OR CHOLERA In-
FANTUM, which is carrying off the infants and
the children by the the thousand at this
season of the year, cin always surely be
checked and cured by Dr. Fowler’s Extract
of Wild Strawberry. It has never failed to
give immediate relief in the most severe
cases. It is a boon within the reach of every
mother. Do not fa‘l to give itfa trial; you
will be pleased with its charming effects.
For sale by all dealers,x—T. MILBURN &
CO., Toronto,

Cure ot Kidney Complaint.

344 Parliament Street,
Toronto, April 17, 1880,
T. Milburn & Co.

GENTLEMEN,—I have been for over a year
subject to serious disorder of the Kidneys,
often being unable to attend to business.
Your Burdock Blood Bitters was recommend-
ed asa good remedy. 1 obtained a bottle,
andjam happy to say that I was relieved be-
fore the bottle was half used. I intend to
continue, as I have confidence that it will
entirely cure me,

Yours truly,
BRUCE TURNER.

HAVE you neara of the wonderful cures
effected and benefits derived from the use
of Edison’s Electric Belts. If not, call on
your druggist for pamphlet with testimonials.
They are as food to the hungry, as water to
growing plants, and as sunlight to nature.

‘‘] havs no hesitancy in recommending
Dr. Fowler’s Extract of Wild Strawberry.”
—G, W. SEart, St. Catharines. I would
advise any one suffering from summer com-
plaints to give Dr. Fowler’s Extract of Wild
Strawberry a fair trial.,—Carman M.
GouLp, M.D., Castledon. ‘‘Dr. Fowler’s
Extract of Wild Strawberry gives perfect
satisfaction,”"—THomas Dovcias, Cambray.
‘Can recommend Dr. Fowler's Extract of
Wild Strawbeiry with confidence.”—JuDGE
8. S. Peck, Minden. ‘‘My customers bear
high testimony of the virtues of Dr. Fowler’s
Extract of Wild Strawberry.”—T. StevEN-
son, Orangeville.

Dr. Fow ier’s Extract oF WILD StRAw-
BERRY is the most successful medicine
known for all summer complaints, diarrhea,
dysentery, cholera morbus, etc. Its effects
are marvellous. It acts like a charm ; relief
is almost instantaneous. In _ sea-sickness
and vomiting it is a specific worth ten times
its cost. Equally good for the young, the
old, and the middle-aged. For sale by all
dealers. T. MILBURN & CO., Toronto.

Cottars and Cuffs, new styles, Kid
Gloves, new shades, one and two-buttoned,
Silk Handkerchiefs, new patterns, Silk
Umbrellas, new and cheap, at Cooper's,
109 Yonge street, Toronto.

Dr. Fowier’s Exrract or WiLp StTRAw-
BERRY. This preparation stands peerless as
a remedy for all summer complaints, Have
you diarrhea? It, will positively cure you,
Are you going on a sea voyage? Be sure
and take a bottle of the Strawberry in your
haversack, for use in séa-sickness, vomiting,
and other irritations of the stomach and
bowels ; it will positively cure you, Every
one speaks highly of it.

‘«THEY ALL vo It,”—For beautifying the
teeth and preserving, for sweetening and

iving fragrance te the Breath use ‘‘ Tea-
etary » the new Toilet gem delightfully
cooling and refreshing.

Rusiness Directory,
TORONTO.

Barrister & Attorney,
Geo. H. Watson, 30 Adelaide East.

Rossin House.
Palace Hotel of Canada, Mark. H. Irish, Prop.

‘Picture Mouldings, Mirrors, ete.
FRAMES Send for wholesale list. H. J.
Marruews & Bros., Toronto,

ARMS FOR SALE AT GREAT BAR-
GAINS on route of Ontario and Patific Railway.
List sent on receipt of 3 cents. G. S. HALLEN,

Solicitor, Huntsville, Ont.
97 Yonge Street, Toronto,

FURNITURE. 3."

Oy
ipa. DESIROUS OF OB-

taining patents shouhl write to HENRY GRIST,
Patent Solicitor, Ottawa, Canada; twenty years’
practice ; no patent, no pay.

TUPLE Cat TO ae A a a MS et me
WANTED! FOR AN OLD ES-
TABLISHED business. Write at
once. Early applicants have first
choice. L. C. BENTEN, St. Thomas, Ont.
GENTS—MAKE MONEY BY SELLING THE
A best Pictorial Family Bible ; contains 2,500 illus.
trations, 68 full page, 40 steel, and 23 Dore, For
terms address OBERHOLTZER & CO,, Berlin,

OSHAWA CABINEE CO.,

Supplied by H M

SH FEP MARKS. Yooue & Co., 13 Wel-
lington 8t.E. , Toronto

GENTS WANTED FOR TOELLER’S “ Di8-
A EASES of Live Stock”—the best farmer’s book

ublished ; secure territory atonce. OBERHOLT-
Yer & CO., Berlin.

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ART IFICIAL LIMBS Durabte, Light, Hlastic, and

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J. DOAN &S8ON, Drayton. Ont

oO OOOO
5.4 Sarr TEODEMARES. Ona

and Designs secur Canada,
PATENTS United States and Foreign
countries. RIDOUT, AIRD & CO., Engineers,
Mechanics’ Institute, Toronto.

NISHISHENE

LYON & ALEXANDER,

“CHRISTMAS CARDS

o—-——0
The Choicest Lines ever Imported.
128 BAY STREDBT, TORONTO.

The untold miseries which result

forded of the truth of these statements,
Pampniet in sealed wrappers post free. Address N,
D. Institute, King-st., Toronto.

UXURIANT WHISKERS

Pecrces| and Monstaches infallibly
produced by tbe well-known

ty and celeb moustache pro-
- ducer, Ayae’s Formuua, in six

weeks. An agreeable and pow-
erful stimulative Emollient. Sent to any odiren
in Canada on receipt of the price, 25 cta) EARNEST
DERRINGER, Chemist, 396 King street, Toronto.

W. MILLICHAMP & CO,

Show Case Manufacturers,

GOLD, SILVER AND NIOKLE PLATERS,
29 to 35 Adelaide Street Hast,
TORONTO, ONT

Burdock BLOOD Bi

SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS

Burdoch Healing Ointment. carbo-
ated, should be used in connection Bar-
lock Blood Bitters for curing ulcers,

‘ever, sores, etc.

PUBLISHERS OF NEWSPAPERS

We supply “ outsides” and “ insides,”
on first-class paper, with or without
news matter, at a very low rate, Our
prices are so low that no publisher can
afford to print his “ first side” at
home. Samples and prices on applica-

tion.
S. FRANK WILSON,
Manager.

Office of
Auiliary Publishing Co.,
Toronto, Canada,

THE MASSASOIT

CRADLE CARRIAGE

Weighs [from 7 toi 9 Ns

ax ~
Comfortable and Convenient.
Forjsick children it is invaluable, Medical men
recommend it. Prices within the reach of all. Send
for circular. Just patented.
E. WILBY, Manufacturer, Teronto

THE CANADA LUMBEBMAN

i. eT Ls”

~~Killed by a Mustang.

A Tale Toldina Texas Cow Boy’s Camp.

(From tbe Cincinnati Enquirer.)

It was a clear moonlight when, after a
hard day’s “drive,” and the herd of wild
horses had been penned, the cow boys strip-
ped their tired ponies of saddles and bridles,
and stalked them out to graze on the thick
mesquir grass which fringed the bank of the
Sen Bernardo. :

After this duty had been attended to, the
cooking utensils were brought forth, and
soon the coffee pot was singing a musical lit-
tle song, and a leg of fresh calf ribs splut-
tering before the fire, The rspast, though
rough, was made enjoyable by an appetite
which only violent exercise and pure air can
give, and after the boys, had eaten until it
became necessary to unbuckle their six-shoot-
er belts, blankets were spread under the
branches of a live oak, which seemed to
stand d over the broad expanse of prair-
ie, and they settled down for a quiet smoke.”

**T tell you what, boys,” said Ned Curtis,
who was one of the hardest riders and best
poker players west of the Brazos, as he lit a
cigarette, ‘‘we are going to handle some
pretty rough mustangs to-morrow, and if any
of you fellows want to show your fancy rid-
ing you had better be fixing your flank girts
and rolls, because there are some Unbranded
four-year olds in that bunch, who are going
to make you hum like a churn-dasher, an
you'll have to fork ’em deep to stay in the
saddle, There is one in the pen thar is a
baie icture of the mustang mare that sent

ill Hall to the angels,”

‘Wasn't he some galoot from the old
States?” inquired one of the boys, turning
over on his blanket.

** Yes,” replied Ned, ‘‘ he was a long tow-
headed chay, greener*than an August per-
simmon, with legs shaped like a pair of
hames,”

“< How did he happen to get killed, Ned?
Did the mare flirt him a little too strong ?”

“Yes, that was the wa, of it. You see,
he had just come from Georgy, and had nev-
er been on the back of a wild horse before in

- his life, but he was spunky with all of that,
and wasn't scared of anything. One day,
while driving out in Nueces County, we
made ‘round up’ of all the horses in the

: , and after ‘cutting out’ all that were
in the diamond P”’ brand, the boys began
throwing come down and riding ’em, just to
see the wild devils ‘ bnek.’

** Well, Bill Hall took a darn fool notion to
ride one himself and he picked out a little
Roman-nosed mustang mare, pure Spanish,
and wilder than a cayotte, and got some of
the boys to help him throw her down, be-
cause he didn’t know any more about hand-
ling a lariat than he did about running a
prayer meeting.

“© When the saddle had been strapped on
her and Bill forked it, she was turnedaloose,
and the crowd stood back to see the fun.
Well, sir, that plug raised her head, looked
back, bellowed a couple of times, and then
she lit into thefprettiest’bocking I ever look-
ed at. ‘Stick to her, Bill!’ I yelled, but
the only thing he could say was, ‘ Whoa!
Stop her, boys; darn her old hide.’ ”

“« While he had his knees gripped to her

- sides like a vice, and his hair standing like a
brush heap, the mustang stretched herself out
like a step-ladder, put her head between her
front legs, and then, bringing herselftogether
like a rat-trap, she slammed Bill Hall again-
st the ground harder than I ever heard a fel-
iow hit aR. When we picked him up one
ear was around to the back of his
neck, and from the look on his face, we knew
that he wasn’t long for this world. He lin-
gered for a day or two, and we did all we
could to ease his pain, but one morning he
motioned for us to come to him, andas I
kneeled beside his couch and took his hand
in mine he said : ‘ Boys, I’m going to pass in
my checks, but I ain’t going to shiver about
it, even if I do die out on a prairie, with no
one but a few friends around me. I’ll have

“ Well, sir, the boys—the ornary cusses—
were crying like women, and I felt terribly

shaken myself, but we all promised that we
would, and then he raised himself a little,
and in a faint voice said: ‘Ned I want you
to write to my mother and tell her: that I
wasn’t a very dutiful son, but I loved her
same,’

‘ Ned.’ he muttered so faint I could hard-
ly hear him, ‘don’t tell my folks when you
write that I was slid into Heaven by a d—d
mustang,” and with that his head fell back,

was on this carth no more, and when I
thought how his mother would grieve it made
me feel weak in the knees.

‘We buried him, and Jack Jones, who is
something of a scholar because he had a
chance to go to sckool down in Bay Prairie,
wrote on the headboard of tho grave:

“ WILLIAM HALL
GOT A FALL,
Killed dead as a Slug
By a Texas Plug.
BORN IN GEORGY,

‘It always makes me feel bad when I
think of that poor fellow, and how to-day
he sleeps on the bank of the Santa Gertrudes
with nothing but a big live oak to mark his
last resting place inthe bosom of the prairie.
Do any of you fellows want a little draw-
poker to-night ?”

—_— so One Oo

From the Talmud.

‘Who is strong? He who subdues his
passion. Whoisrich? He who is satistied
with his lot.’’ ‘‘ He whe sacrifices a whole
offering shall be rewarded for a whole offer-
ing ; he who offers a burnt-offering shall have
the reward of a burnt-offering ; but he who
offers humility to God and man shall be re-
warded with a reward as if he had offered all
the sacrifices in the word.” ‘There are
four characters in scholars: Quick to hear
and quick to forget, his gain is canceled by
his loss ; slow to hear and slow to forget, his
loss is canceled by his gain: quick to hear
and slow to forget is wise ; slow to hear and
quick to forget, this is an evil lot.” ‘There
are four characters in those who sit under the

wise ; a sponge, a funnel, a strainer, and a
A sponge, which sucks up all; a

bolt-sieve,
funnel, which lets in here and lets out there ;
a strainer, which lets out the wine and keeps
back the dregs; a bolt sieve, which lets out
the pollard and keeps back the flour,”

and fewer branches, but which all the winds
of heaven cannot uproot.”

ear, He who forsakes the love of his youth,

God’s altar weeps for him. He who sees his
wife die before him, has, as it were, been
present at the destruction of the sanctuary it-
self—around him the world grows dark.”
‘He who marries for money, his children

shall be a curse to him.” ‘‘ Rabbi Jose said,

I never call my wife ‘ wife,’ but ‘home,’ for
‘Underneath

she indeed makes my home.”
the wings of the seraphim are stretched the
arms of the divine mercy, ever ready to re
ceive sinners.”
oer

A Neat Reply.

Dr, Mountain, chaplain to King James I.,
waiting upon his majesty when he was walk-
ing in St. James’ park, the king said to him

that he was more troubled how to dispose of

bishopric of London, which was then vacant,
than ever he was in hislife. ‘‘For,”’ said he,
‘there are many who apply with so strong

-an interest that [ know not to whom to give

it.” ‘‘ How?” said thechaplain, ‘‘If your Maj-
esty had as much faith as a grain of mustard
seed, you might say to this mountain ; ‘ Be
thou removed and be thou cast into the sea.’ ”

It is said that the king rewarded this piece of |

ready wit-by the immediate bestowal of the
mitre.

Tue late President Thiers was again
honoured in Paris, a few days since, by the
unveiling of a statue, with the inscription,
‘First President of the Republic.” He
holds the map of France in his hands, with
the word “ Belfort” standing out in large
gilt letters, indicating the fortress which he
successfully expended his every effort to
wrest from the Germans,

TEE BEST

LEATHER BELTING!

ALL GENUINE SEND FOR
HAB A 5 CATALOGUE
STAR AND
On head of rivets PRICE LIST..

(TRADE MARE.)

IN THE MARKET.
F.E, DIXON ‘& CO.,,

MANUFACTURERS,

his grasp on my hold relaxed, and Bill Hal) 81 COLBORNE STREET, TORONTO.

ll

ce He
who has more learning than good works is
like a tree with many branches but few
roots, which the first wind. throws on its
face ; while he whose works are greater than
his knowledge is like a tree with many roots

“Tf thy wife is
small, bend down to her and whisper in her

ESTABLISHED

1874

well and are cheap at any price.

A. NORMAN, Esq.

Dear Sir,—Pleage send me a waisa belt.
cured her of neuralgia.
MR. NORMAN,

comforting, Come and try them,

To Tailors and Cutters

t A CUTTER of twenty years first-class experience in
wamerica and Britain, has invented Instrumonts for
Measuring Coats and Pants, which will produce Per-
fect Fitting Garments without the need
of trying on. For particulars address, enclosing
3 cent stamp, toR. G, MCLELLAN, P. O. Box 118,
Guelph, Ont.

THE

oot oA RL.”

DRY HOP YEAST

No Family should be without it. Ready ina mo-
ment, aud unaffected by time or weather.
Ask your Grocer for it, or send direct to

PEARL YEAST COMPANY,

Front Street East, Toronto.
Box 1,264 P. 0.

DIAMONDS

Wwinkt cut.
AND THE

Improved Diamond and the Hanlan

Cross-cut Saws will cut fag and stay in order long-
er than any other saw in the world. They aremanu-
i factured only by

IR. H. SMITH & Co., St. Catharines.

‘and Sold by the Hardware lrade evyery-
where. Take no other. We also make the Lance
Tooth, Lightning, Improved Champion, Eclipse, in
short, all kinds and patterns, including the New
Improved Champion.

“St, Catharines Saw Works,”
CAUTION !

EACH PLUG OF THE

MYRTLE NAVY

IS MARKED

T. &B.

IN BRONSE LETTERS.

NONE OTHER GENUINE.

Enclosed find price

but Iam now. Please send me another and a pair of kueecaps and two pairs of insoles. E

Ses sts ss EE

1874

Norman’s Electro Curative Appliances

Relieve and cure Spina) Complaints, General and Nervous Debility, Rheumatiem, Gout, Nervousness, L
Kidney, Lung, Throat and Chest Complaints, Neuralgia, Bronchitis, Incipient Paralysis, Aethma, Sciatics,
Sprains, Consumption, Sleeplessness, Colds, Iudizestion.

Ask for Norman’s Electric Belts and you will be safe against imposition, for they

TESTIMONIALS.

ver,

will,do their work
WATERVILLE, N. B

Head band got for my wife has almost
Yours truly, Cc, L. TILLEY
DALKEITH, ONT.

Dear Sir,—Iam pleased with the belt I gotférom you, and wish you would send circulars to the

lowing addresses. Yours truly, N. M
MR. A. NORMAN, Hon ave, Ont
Dear Sir,—The belt I got from you last September did me lots of good. I was not able to work then,

PEAREN

21. Please send them by mail. Yours truly. JAMES
Numbers of such testimonials can be seen at my office, proving that they are doing a good work and
worthy the attentlon of all sufferers. @@ Circulers free. No charge for consultation.
BATHaoSs.
I have entirely refitted my establishment with marble and other baths, which are now the bes the
city. Electric, sulphur and vapor baths and hot and cold baths always ready. Ladi g me
whether invalids or not, will find these baths toning, strengthening, cleansing, enlivening, cheering and

A. NORMAN,

4 Queeen Street East, Toronto

N.B—Tru es for rupture, best in America, and Electric Batteries always on hand at reasonable priges.

National Pills, superior to all other purga-
gatives in strength and virtue, in safety and
idness of action.

VALUABLE DISCOVERY

BY MRS. JULYE MYERS.

Drawing and Healing Salve,

The Drawing and Healing Salve cures Car-
buncles, Abscesses, Felons, without the aid of a
knife.

The Drawing and Healing Salve cures Ery-
sipelas and Ringworms.

The Drawing and Healing Salve cures Piles
and ali Poisoned Flesh.

The Drawing and Healing Salve cures
Me aes Inflamed Joints, Chilblains, and Frost-

ites.
Price, 25 and 50 cents a box.

Mrs. Julye Myers’ Rheumatic Cure.

A Positive Cure for Rhenmatism, Neuralgia,
Weak Backs, Sprains, Stiffness of Joints, Severe
Aches, Cramps, &c.

Price $1 per bottle; trial bottle, 10c.

For sale by all druggists. General agents for
Canada, J. COOMBE, 154 King st. East, Toronto.

DOBYRN’S

SURE CURE!

Has NEVER failed to cure

CATARRH, NEURALGIA,

and Nervous Headache.

Cold in the Head, Stoppage of the Nasal Passages,
Deafness, Dizziness, Dimness of Sight, and all kin-
dred complaints arising from neglected colds and
Exposure.
(Patented in Canada, Febuary 14, 1880.

SoLD UNDEF THE FikM NAME OF DoBrN & MiIToOuELL

s= CURE GUARANTEED.

1f our “Sure Cure” be regularly and persistently
usedas directed by labels on each box, we guaran-
tee relief in every case, and an absolute cure in all
cases where the patient is free from constitutional
ailments.

Sens OF CATARRH.—Sickening and disgusting mu-
cus from the nostrils, or upon the tonsils; watery
eyes, snuffles, buzzing in the ears, deafness, cracki-
ing sensations in the head, intermittent pains over
the eyes, fetid breath, nasal twang, scabs in the
nostrils, and tickling in the throat, are sure signs of
this dread disease.

Our Terms :—We express or mail “ Dobyn’s
Sure Cure to any part of the Dominion for ONE
DOLLAR PERSINGLE BOX, or THREE BOXES
FOR TWO DOLLARS. In ordering, please write
your Name, Post Office and County plazniy, and
send money by Post Office Money Order, or by
Registered Letter. Address all orders to the Cana-
dian Agents and Manufacturers.

C. POMEROY & Co..

85 King Street West, Toronto.

16. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

BRYCE BROTHERS, MACHINERY OILS

ST HA WwREN CE

LUMBER YARD!

To Dealers and Consumers. |

Lal é
ae teh
CORNER BERKELEY AND FRONT STS. Zz 5 or ba |
Planing Mill, No. 57 Ontario St. : : ‘ ; Mills at Elmvale, > a ) 4 2) °
= (it 5 6 oF
li | co =
3 So » ra)
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN mall % o ; a ¢ ;
0% 220
LUMBER, SASH, DOORS, BLINDS, &¢.) — & 3 ° aoe
< 3 ¢ =" £ m
Largest and Best Stock of Lumber in the City at Lowest Prices. © a e 1°) B <
ae Rie Q° =
Wk HAVE CONSTANTLY ON HAND A LARGE STOCK OF ke ‘ 5 a
at ee
SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, ETC. ETC.,| # hens

Which we sell at Lower Rates than they can be had anywhere else in the City, It will give the subscsiber, much. plessare $9, Seemiats x spin

ues ulers and consumers of machinery oil in Canada. It contains the fullest informdon as to. the differ-
ent kinds of oils, their qualities and uses, thus enabling the consumer to make choice of the very oil
4 best adapted to his wants, and also enables the merchant to select the kinds most ot Ry ot bid la in
SPECIAL ATTENTION artven to FILLING OF BILLS OF{EVERY DESCRIPTION ,} demand in his neighborhood. This pamphlet shows conclusively that ous pro
if petroleum, are vastly superior to any animal or vegetable oil. I am now eee e the maine uaites of
‘Extra” and ‘* XX” oils I manufactured from 1870 to 1873. They are gyarantadl wit
extreme cold, and warranted to give satisfaction in every particular. Beware of Agents soliciting your or-
ders without my trade-marked order-book. Address

Houses built on easy terms of payment. Houses to rent or for sale in any part of the city 4

GEO. B. STOCK
fav Best price paid for Lumber of all kinds, cedar posts, &c. a p ¥ b]

i pth RG ik 3S ot ce es P, 0. Box 1146, Toronto.

DOMINION BELT & HOSE COMP'Y

JAMES D. McARTHUR, - - Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF

Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting !

Fire Engine Hose, Lace, Leather,

OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, ETC. ETC.
Stitched and Ribbed Belting Made to Order.
Double always in Stock Send for Samples and Prices

13 COLBORNE ST., TORONTO.
~ othing Like It Yet Seen

The Queen's Hotel, Torani jobs Highest A warts Be

; TORONTO, 1860. - lst Prize and Diploma. .
M VV WIMNE TT, P t ,
SSeS. pga oo HAMILTON, 1880, - « “

#@- Patronized by Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated according to rooms

ace -| LONDON, ~ «“ w,

STANDARD CHOPPING ees: 9

USING BEST FRENCH BURR MIL

Sean et MILLSTONE

CAL. CAN BE RUN BY ANY INTELLIG- 20 INCA
ENT MAN, NO wena PLATES AS IN IRON |—4 CESS
12 INCH CA\ TY MILLS. GRIND- - ray 1035
ALS SPER HOUR ERS WILL LAST s
= A LIFE TIME, A
ORIVEN BY ee). Slime badhalds
Sram Cae | MILLS
i
FOR LUMBERMEN.

Se

we Wil grind as fine as any four-foot stone.

Renee Eee elines a tukr Govan Lumbermen, giind your own Horse Feed.
WATEROUS S'ENGINE WORKS Gt CO., BRANTFORD, iin

Make your own Flour with ow Portable Grist Mill

PRICE, Grist Mill complete, $600. Capacity, Our and a half 1 TH H PEARL. D RY; HOP YEAST .
barrels of good flour per hour,

Send tor particulars, address Ready in a moment, and unaffected by time or weather.
' i d direct to the factory,
Waterous Engine Works Co. as Ask your grocer for it or sen
Brantford, Ontario, Canada. PEARL YEAST CO,

Box 1164, P. O. 39 Front Street East, Toronto

iAVING UDMA

TORONTO ENC

VOL. IL—NO. 4.

TORONTO, ONT., NOVEMBER 30, 1880.

PRICE FIVE CENTS.

MIRAMICHI,

The Timber Trade Journal commenting on
the trade at Miramichi says :—

Miramichi (conversationally pronounced
Merrimashee) has always stood next to Que-
bec for the quality of its yellow pine pro-
duce, and some years ago its hewn timber
sent here was esteemed by many, who were
good judges, to be better on the whole even
than that of Quebec, more free from small
knots, and kinder to work (to use an expres-
sive term in joinery) ; but it stood second to
it usually at market, because it was not so
well squared, nor turned out of hand so
evenly. But, as that district has not so
great a choice of interior forests to draw its
supplies from as Quebec (which intercepts
all the rafts coming down the mighty St.
Lawrence, between it and Montreal), its

~ timber gradually became of smaller average

siz2 than that of Quebec, and eventually it
was found more profitable to convert it iato
deals, boards, and scantlings, and its hewn
timber has therefore almost disappeared
from our markets, as may be proved by the
fact that, out of over 150,000 loads shipped
there this season, 824 only were hewn pine
timber and 883 birch.

Miramichi was one of the ports that were
late in opening this year, or rather that
Vessels could not reach till some time after
the port itself was free from obstruction on
account of the drift of ice between
Cape Rae and the Magdalen Islands,
and from subsequent information as to
drought all along that coast, and the stopp-
age of mills for want of water—which was
dwelt on by correspondents in Angust last
as serious impediments to our further
eupplies from the lower ports—a diminished
export was strongly insisted on from those
regions. Even if supplies, eontrary to ex-
pectation, should be up to the average there
for shipment to this country, another diffi-
culty wes exhibited to us—there would not
be enongh ships to fetch it away. Late
arrivals out, and long passages home, had
thrown the bulk of the spring ficet into the
month of August, and not many of them, it
‘was argued, would be able to accomplish a
second voyage. At all events few, if any o
them, have completed their second voyage
yet; but, despite these obstacles, we cannot
accuse Miramichi of being any party to such

i . a8 may eventually appear, when
the Board of Trade returns come to he made
up at the year’s end, as will be seen by re-

ferring to the statement issued to the 2nd will about cover the difference in price of

of Sapt. last and compared with the export®
of the two previous years. In 1878 the
United Kingdom imported a great deal more
timber than it had any need to have done

of which Miramichi furnished us with the
principal part of 78 321,890 M. feet, or 130,-
536 loads. But having large stocks in this
country when the next season began, and
trade going from bad to worse, in 1879 the
export trade of Miramichi fell offin like pro-
portion, and in that year the shipments only
reached 69,586,919 M. feet, or 115,979
loads. But this last year of 1880, always
reckoning each year from September to
September 2nd, reached the total of 89,-
274,856 M. feet, or 148,791 loads, 14 per
cent. more than 1878, and 25 per cent. more
than 1879. So much for the anticipated
shortage in the colonial timber, as far as
Miramichi is concerned. The proportion of
Miramichi exports to this country may be
reckoned as four-fifths of its whole produc-
tion, if not something more; but we shall
probably get more exact returns later in the
year,

OTTAWA VALLEY LUMBER
TRADE.

A despatch from Ottawa dated, Nov. 20th,
states, that the total value of products of
the forest sent from the port of Ottawa in
1879 was $1,199,844, as against $1,518,623
for the first three-quarters of the current
year. This was largely represented by lum-
ber, the quantity being as follows: Last
year 117,002 000 feet were exported and for
the first nine months of the current year
139,056,000 feet. The total cut of lumber
by the mills of this immediate locality this
current year is about 235,000,000 feet, re-
presenting a value of nearly three million
dollars. The following is the estimate ; E. B.
Eddy. 40 000,000 feet ; Bronson & Weston,
37,000,000 ; Perley & Pattee, 30,000,000 ; J.
R, Booth, 30,000 000 ; Gilmour & Co.’s mill
30,000,000 ; Sherman, Lord & Co,, 25,000, -
000 ; Capt. Young, 13,000 000; McLaren &
Co., 15,000,000 ; McClemont & Co., 10,000,-
000, The price of stocks during last season
ranged at from $12 to $15 per thousand and

| this year from $12 to $18. A leading lum-

berman says the prospects are that the mar-
ket will rule about the eame next year as it
has this. No contracts have been made yet
by any of the Chaudiere or Hull firms to his
knowledge. The production of lumber will
cost more the coming season than it has
this owing to the advance in wages which

stocks this year over last.
sixteen hundred thousand logs received this
summer as against nine hundred and seventy
thousand last year, being the second largest
quantity ever brought down to the Chaudi-
ere,

Ther were

In the history of the Ottawa Valley,
1873 was the best year, 1,750,000 logs having

come down. Itis estimated that 1,700,000 or

1,800,000 logs will be taken out this winter.

The outlook regarding the lumber busines
and timber trade is most encouraging. Thir-

ty-five rafts of square timber were brought

down the past summer, as against thirty in ;

1879. Next year it is thought that ninety
rafts will come down.

DESTRUCTION OF FORESTS IN
NEW ZEALAND.

Notwithstanding tbe fact that total the
area of forest Crown lands in New Zealand
amounts to no Jess than 10,158,870 acres,
fears are being officially expressed that the
destruction of trees is carried on so rapidly
as to endanger the future supply of timber
in the Colony. The report of the Crown
Lands Department for the year ending
June 30 last, states that the stock of some
of the most valuable timber trees is being
exhausted more quickly than it can be re-
placed by the natural growth of young
trees, and in a wasteful manner which is, in
the future interest of the Colony, much to
be regretted. Itis estimated, fer instance,
that, although the noble and valuable Kauri
forests cover an area of 230,000 acres, and,
reckoning only two trees to the acre, and
5,000 feet of timber to each tree, contain al-
together about 2 300,000,000 feet of timber,
the whole existing supplv will be exhausted
within twenty-one years at the present rate
of destruction. These Kauri forests are
very susceptible to fire, and, when once
started, will burn with great fury. Be-
sides this source of danger, the young
plants are Jiable to destruction by cattle,
and their growth is thwarted in various
other ways. The relative proportions of
the various other timber trees in New Zea-
land are only impeifectly known ; but re-
cent examination has shown that, besides
the Kauri, several of the more highly prized
kinds are being rapidly extermirated. Such
an event would be deplorable from many
points of view; for, not only would the re-
sources of the Colony bé seriously crippled,
but its climate must suffer from the denuda-
tion of its forest lands.

i eee ee ee eee

BRITISH COLUMBIA

This Western Province cf the Dominion
of Canada, including Vancouver and other
islands, has an area of 330,000 square miles.
It has a seaboard, and an air line, of 550
mniles. Throughout the whole extent of the
Province there is an abundance of forest

| land, the timber on which is ot the most

valuable description ; one kind especially,
says the Standard Atlas, the Douglas pine,
yields spars from ninety to one hundred feet
in length, without knots or branches.
The diameter varies from six to ten feet,and
in quality is about twice as strong as. Cana-
dian red pine, and being more gummy, is
more durable. At Burrard Inlet, nine
miles from New Westminister there
are pine trees twenty-seven to thirty feet in
diameter. The yearly exports of timber
amount to about $500,000, but the vast for-
ests have hardly been touched.

The mineral resources of British Columbia
are very great. Gold is found in great
abundance in the Cariboo distiict, and along
the Fraser and Thompson rivers. In 1870,
the yield from the Cariboo district exceeded
one million dollars, while the yield for the
entire province for the past ten years has
exceeded twenty-two million dollars. Silver
and copper are also to be had in abundance,
but the mines have not as yet been
very largely worked. The ,true wealth
of the province, however, is its coal fields,
which are inexhaustible, easy of access, and
easily worked. Bituminous coal is found on
Vancouver Island. Tue latter has been
sold in San Francisco at $20 perton. The
annual exportations of coal exceed $200,000.

—_.+_—=+—_#

COMPLIMENTARY.

We have to thank Messrs. Wa‘erous, of
Brantford, for the complimentary terms in
which they have referred to the LUMBERMAN,
We are glad to notice from the Monetary
Times of the 19th inst. that Mr. Peter Log-
gie’s mill, Chatham, N.B., can saw 34,000
feet of lumber in ten hours, and that it has
turned out 4,000,000 superficial feet in six
months, between 18th May and 15'h -Nov.
this year. The machinery of this 35 horse
power steam mill was bnilt about four years
ago by the Messrs Waterous, and has worked
satisfactori'y ever since.

Ne ee

—Estimated quantity of square pine
timber to be taken out on the Upper Ottawa
and tributaries this winter received, and

will appear in next issue,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

The Epizootic.
A sick horse is not a nice object to chromo ;
Good health is essential to horse as to homo ;
But you won’t cure the creature by giving
him bromo

And if you are prudent, possessing acumen,
You won’t employ sulphur, or pills, or bitu-

men—

And just the same way if the patient is hu-
man.

Not any! My friend, V’ll reveal to you
what’ll

Restore him. Just rest him and poultice his
throttle—

Don’t dose him with anything out of a
bottle.

Ventilate. Fumigate. Feed him on gruel.

Wrap him up. Coax and caress him, for
you will f
Save a sick horse by observing this ru-el.

Swab his nostrils with tepid like water or
brandy, 3

For he can’t wipe his nose with his hoof, you
see, and he

Is so rigged he can’t use a handkerchief
handy.

If achap comes along with ‘‘a sure panacea,”
Go lead him right out of the barn by the

ea’;
He’s the fellow that is spreading the hiprhi-
norhea,

§. Cunard & Company.

A SKETOH OF ‘‘ THE MODBL MERCHANT AND
BUSINESS MAN.”

Sir Samuel Cunard, who was the son of
Abraham Cunard, was born in Halifax to-
wards the close of the Jast century, and for
some time was a clerk in the lumber yard,
Soon after the termination of the war of
1812, we find him establishing himself in busi-
ness, engaging largely in the West India
trade, in a general importing business, in
shipbuilding and exportation of lumber—in
short, in almost every kind of mercantile
undertaking that promised advantage to
himself, or extended the commerce of the
Province, He was aman of little educa-
tion, but possessed natural business talents,
quick perceptions, shrewd judgment, and an
excellent address, which easily made friends
for himself. He became well acquainted
with the military and the navy, particularly
the latter, who were stationed in the co!onies
longer then than now, and by this means
gained great influence with people in hiyh
position in EngJand, even with the nobility.

THE ORIGINAL PARTNERS,

of the firm consisted of himself and his bro-
ther Edward. Joseph, another brother, was
afterwards associated with them, but spent
most of his time superintending the lumber
trade in New Brunswick, Chatham, Mira-
michi, owes its present advanced position
chiefly to his enterprise. To Mr, Cunard 1s
due the brisk trade with the Kast India
Company in the article of tea, By his in-
stramentality the large ships of this Com-
pany visited us periodically, Jaden with the
commodity pure and genuine, direct from
China, until the Kast India Company mon-
opoly was abolished. To meet the business
that resulted from this trade,

PHE OAPACIOUS WAREHOUSE ON WATER
STREET.

was built, one half of it was devoted exclu-
sively to storing tea, and the wharf premises
were greatly extended. When steam came
to be used as a motive power, steam vessels
began to be Jooked upon as possessing great-
er advantages than the old sailing crafts, and
the question was freely discusced, was it pos-
sible to cross the Atlantic by their means,
The majority of people at once declared it
an impossibility. They could not contain
sufficient fuel for so lengthy a voyage, and
winds and currents would prove too strong
for paddle wheels driven by such an agency.
These and many other reasons were asserted
by Lardner, a celebrated scientist of the
time, in the most positive manner, as prov-
ing the utter futility of the attempt. Some
spirits braver than the rest determinod to
give the matter a trial and the Sirius was
well fitted up as

A PIONBER STEAMER,

and with the additional aid of sails, per-
formed the trip to New York rapidly and
successfully. She was followed by the Great
Western, built in Bristol in 1887 or 1838.

Her Majesty’s maiJs had heretofore been
conveyed across the ocean in sailing packets,
or gun brigs, as they were called, and a
voyage of twenty days was looked upon as a
marvel. It is well known that the Hon,
William Crane, speaker of the New Bruns-
wick Assembly, had the honour of first sug-
gesting to Lord Glenelg, then Colonial Sec-
retary, the idea of subsidizing a line of
steamers, but the suggestion was not carried
out. Mr. Cunard, who was in England at
the time, aud whose mind was ever on the
alert for any new enterprise, made represen-
tations to the British Government, who
thereupon entered into a contract with him
for the conveyance of the mails

FROM ENGLAND TO HALIFAX

and Boston by monthly steamships. He
then formed a company, consisting of Mc-
Iver & Co., of Liverpool, Burns & Co., and
Napier & Co., of Glasgow, together with
himself, These firms took portions of the
contracts. The steamers, four in number,
were constructed in the Clyde, and were pro-
pelled by paddle-wheels, the more modern
screw propellor being then unknown, They
were named the Britannia, Acadia, Caledonia
and Columbia, were built of wood, presented
quite a fine appearance, and from their nov-
elty were looked upon somewhat with rever-
ence, though they would look ridiculous
now-a-days when placed beside the magnifi-
cent iron-plated occan-going palaces of the
same line, that unfortunately have been
withdrawn from Halifax, but may be seen
any day in the harbors of Boston or New
York.
THE ‘OLDEST INHABITANT’

would be glad to narrate to an opea-mouthed
gathgring of lieteners what an excitement
the arrival of the Britannia in the port of
Halifax created, how the wharves were
lined with eager spectators to watch the
monster of the deep as it moved up the
harbour and how the delighted citizens en-
tertained Mr, Cunard to a banquet, These
steamers continued their voyages for some
years until the Columbia was lost on Seal
Island, off Cape Sable, on her way from
Boston to Halifax, Passengers, mails and
cargo were all saved. Hon. Abbott Law-
rence, who had recently been appointed
United States Minister to England, was
among the passengers. Meanwhile the
Hébernia had been built and was sent out in
her place.

ABOUT THE YEAR 1842

in consequence of the over-speculation of
Joseph Cunard in Miramichi, and the general
panic that seemed to have taken hold of
commercial affairs, the firm was brought to
the verge of bankruptey. Mr. Cunard came
out from England and with the assistance of
the Bank of Nova Scotia and his friends,
Stephen DeBloisand John Duffus, who made
loans to him on large estates which he owned
in P. E. Island, the firm were able to float
off the quicksands. He then went back to
England and never returned to reside per-
manently. In course of time all liabilities
were settled and the firm embarked in new
ventures, increased the number of their
steamships, and extend their navigation to
Bermuda and St. Thomas, They also estab-
lished a line to New York and Mr. Cunard’s
eldest son, Edward—afterwards Sir Edward
—was sent there to take control of that part
of the buainess. Among the undertakings
engaged in by the firm was

THE AGENCY OF THE GENERAL MINING ASSO-
CIATION

which, up to the year 1859, had a monopoly
of the mining business of this Province. lt
originated in this way. The Duke of York
was desperately in debt, and in order to 8a-
tisfy his creditors, his brother, George IV.,
made a grant of ali the mines in Nova Sep-
tia—coal, gold, silver, iron,—which belong-
ed to the Crown—to Rundel, Bridges & Co.,
jewellers, in London, who disposed of them
to this company formed for the purpose.
This took place about the year 1835, and,as
a result the Albion Mines in Pictou, and
Sydney, and Lingsn mines in Cape Bre-
ton were largely devoloped. Mr, Cunard
became very wealthy, acquired landed es-
tates in England and was made a Baronet,
an honour he lived many years to enjoy.
He married a sister of the late John Douffus,
and had several children. Ei lward, the eld-
est, married a grand-daughter of one of the
brothers Emmet,

FAMOUS DURING THE IRISH REBELLION,

and succeeded to ihe baronetcy, but died a
short time after. His son, Sir Bache Cun-
ard, is the present possessor of the title.
William, the next, is still living, and is now
on a visit to Halifax. ‘I'wo of his daughters

have been well known in the Maritime Pro-
vinces ; the one as the lady of Judge Peters,
of Charlottetown, P.E.J., and the other as
the lady of Colonel Francklin, who, with
her husband, resided for several years in
Halifax, and whose son is a partner in the
present concern. The firm still goes by the
old name, and now owns one of the largest
fleets of steamships in the world. When
Sir Samuel went to England in 1849,

WILLIAM CUNARD,

and Henry Boggs—the latter of whom was
a nephew of Stephen DeBlois, and had been
brought up in the office—carried on the busi-
ness, and continued to do so until about the
year 1852, when they, too, went to England,
Mr. Boggs retiring from the firm. The late
lamented James B. Morrow became a partner
about that time. It has always been a pro-
blem whether the circumstances of the time
combine to produce a man who from his con-
nection with them, succeeds in winning a
name for himself, or whether an original
miod, by foresight and penetration, makes
its own surroundings and becomes great of
itself. We more readily incline to the latter
view, but certain it is, in the history we
have been endeavouring to trace, one name
stands forth boldly as entitled, himself alone,
to all the honour that can be given, for, by
his own energy and skill, building up the
trade of Halifax, for establishing a steamship
company that has benefited the world, and
for making himself

THE MUDEL MERCHANT AND BUSINESS MAN

for our young men to follow for all time
to come, and that name is Sir Samuel Cunard,
—AHalifaz Exchange.

_————

A Tramp to the 15 Mile Stream Gold
Diggings.

These gold diggings are situated half way
between the South Shore and Guysborough
road, and eleven miles from Trafalgar Inn,
managed by John Nelson, a place where
travellers have to stop, and good accommo-
dation for man and beast are provided. Al-
though Mr. Nelson’s vision has failed, yet he
appears to be able to see as far into a granite
rock as those whose eyes are sound. About
a mile from Nelson's, you leave the Guys-
borough road, and with your guide make for
the land of gold. When you travel seven
miles, you reach a nice little lake that
abounds with trout, known as ‘ Dagarrtng
Lake, after the mission ship Dayspring. It
was on the bank of this lake that the masts
were taken for the mission ship. In 1867
claims were taken up, and quite a large sum
has since been paid either for claims or roy-
alty, and yet very little has been spent by
the Government in opening up the road.
The Government must consider the road fa-
vourably, and assist the owners of claims so
that they may be able to get out machinery
suitable for carrying on their operations suc-
cessfully ; the present road being s mply a
path through swamps over rocks and brush
wood. Provisions eost one dollar per hun-
dred from Nelson’s to the Diggings. Hall
Brothers have been crushing for a week, and
after cleaning up the battery they realized
the nice little sum of 80 oz. of gold. The
amount of quartz still to be crushed we weuld
suppose will give twenty thousand dollars,
what is already crushed can scarcely be miss-
ed from the large pile, Twenty-five men are
engaged in the work. The owners had a
handsome offer from an American Company,
but by some mishap they did not succeed in
selliny, which I belles is a lucky event for
Ha'l Brothers. They (Hall Brothers) are
very ames and unassuming men, and re-
markably kind to strangers visiting their
works, as all who are acquainted know.
There are five houses. One 14 storey build-
ing, two crushers, comprise the amount of
buildings at these diggings at present. Quite
a number are engage ponen Claims
taken up, besides Hall B. others, are of great
value, such as Merrison’s free claim, Shand’s,
Grant's, Hudson's, Doran’s, the Eagle Non-
pareil, Holiday’s, and Jackson’s, These
claims have all been prospected, and show
richly. Hall Brothers have paid over one
hundred dollars royalty in the spring, and a
very much larger sum must be paid when
they go to Halifax, and all is cleaned up.
Many tine sights can be obtained from boul-
ders on the surface. So rich are these boul-
ders that one can make wages breaking them

up.

WHILE Mr. Vanderbilt was in Amsterdam
recently he purchased, one afternoon, thirteen
thousand dollars’ worth of blue ware for his
new residence in New York.

War—Supporting the Guns.
(From the Detroit Free Press.)

Did you ever see a battery take position?

It hasn’t the thrill of a cavalry charge, nor —

the grimness of a line of bayonets moving
slowly and determinedly on; but there is a
peculiar excitement about it that makes old
veterans rise in their saddles and cheer.

We have been fighting at the edge of the
woods. Every cartridge box has been emptied
once and more, and one-fourth of the b
has melted away in dead and wou and
missing. Not a cheer is heard in the whole
brigade. We know that we are being driven
foot by foot, aud that when we break back
once more the line will go to pieces and the
enemy will pour through the gap.

Here — help!

Down the crowded highwa a

vattery, withdrawn peg pe cae Se
oo ave ours. Mee field fence Pe! scattered
while you could count thirty. the guns
rush for the hill bebind us. Six horses to a
Se riders to each Over dry

itches where a farmer would not drive
waggon, through clumps of bushes, ever logs
a foot thick, every horse on the , every

rider lashing his team and = = ight
behind us makes us ‘aan ta ‘oe sats
aa pe jump two feet high as the heavy
wheels strike rock or log, but not a horse

: ixty horses,
eighty men, race for the brow of the hill as if
he who reached it first would be knighted.

A moment ago the battery was a confused

mob. We look again, and the six are
in position, the detached horses i

away, the ammunition chests Ga tions
our line runs the command, ‘‘ Give them one
more Lan and fell back to the
guns.” e have scarcely obeyed, when

boom ! boom ! opens the battery, and jets of
fire jump. down and scorch the green trees
under which we fought and

The shattered old brigade has a chance to
breathe for the first time in three hours as we

form a line and lie down. What grim, cool
fellows those cannoneers are! Every man is
a perfect machine. Bullets splash dust into

their faces, but they do not wince. Bullets
sing over and around, they do not
There goes one to the earth, shot
head ashe sponged his gun, That i
loses just one beat, misses just one cog in the
wheel, and then works away again as before.
Every gun is using short-fuse shell. The
ground shakes and trembles, the roar shnts
out all sounds from a battle line three miles
long, and the shells go shrieking into the
swamp to cut trees short off, to mow great
gaps in the bushes, to hunt ont and shatter
and mangle men until their corpses cannot
be recognized as human. You would think
a tornado was howli Garang de fooest,
followed by billows of yet men live
through it—aye, press forward to capture the
battery. Wecan hear their shouts as they
as for aaa .
ow thes are changed for grape and
canister, and the are fired so fast that
all reports blend into one mighty roar. The
shriek of a shell is the wickedest sound in
war, but nothing makes the flesh crawl like
the demoniac singing, purring, whistling
grapeshot, and the serpent-like hiss of canis-
ter. Men's legs and heads are torn from
bodies, and ies cutin two. A round shot
or shell takes two men out of the rank as it
crashes through. Grape and canister mow a
swath and pile the deat on top of each other.
Through the smoke we see a swarm of
men. It is not a battle line, but a mob of
men desperate enough to bathe their bayo-
nets in the flame of the guns, The guns leap
from the ground, almost, as they are depress-
ed on the foe, and shrieks and screams and
shouts blend into one awful and ery.
Twenty men out on the ba are down,
and the a isinterrupted. e foe accept
it as a sign of wavering and come rushing on.
They are not ten feet away when the guns
ive them a last shot. That di i
ving men off their feet and throws them in-
to a swamp, a blackened, bloody mass.
Historians write of the glory of war.
Burial parties saw murder where historians
saw glory.

Tue London Telegraph says that in con-
sequence of the advance in value of many
securities held by the Glasgow Bank, the
liquidation 1s likely to show much better re-
sults than were at one time anticipated, and
those shareholders who have met their calls
n full will be handsomely remunerated,

Mr. Wititram B. Astor he ey

hundred and ninety thousand di
beautiful Parish estate in Newport,

THE

CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Sentiment in the Sex.

“* Women is the weaker vessel.” This is
an adage which has been ratified by almost
universal acceptance and been practically
acted upon in all ages and all countries. Paul,
when he wrote it, not only gave utterance to
an inspired thought but also to a principle
that seemed taught and enforced by the very
nature of things and the design of the
Creator. There have been, however, many
of the sex who have loudly protested against
the statement and denounced Paul as next
door to a misogynist, and an ungallant and
ungenerous detractor of womankind, and
the question is now more than at any former
time the basis of agitation and outcry among
the most civilized nations, What then is
the true inwardness of the case? Is woman
really to hold a divided sway with the so.
called Lords of Creation? And if not, why
not?

We confess to having a wholesome dread
of offending our fair readers if we state fully
our convictions on this matter. We shall
bw stigmatized doubtless by girls of the
Boston type as ‘‘a horrid creachur, utterly
devoid of culchur,” and from the very
mildest and gentlest of our lady friends we
expect at least a remonstrance ; but, all the
same, truth—or, at least, our convictions on
his matter, compel us uvhesitatingly to say
** woman is not the equal of man nor intend-
ed to share his sphere of work, still less to
rule with him a ‘‘divided empire.”

We do not propose to repeat the stale
arguments that have been so often used in
support of this position, but simply to show
that there is one special characteristic of the
female mind which conclusively, and once
for all, decides the question agaivst the so-
called ‘‘rights of women;” and this peculi-
arity is the sentimentality of the sex.

A woman is utterly under the domination
of this feeling from her earliest years. She
takes naturaily to dandling and nursing her
doll, as soon as she can walk, and her senti-
mental fancy endows it with all the char-
acteristics, the wants and habits of a real
living child, She pours ont the wealth of
her childish affection upon it, and in this
way indicates with irrestistible truth the
true sphere for which God intended woman.
Nor is her sentimentality less vividly
seen in her riper years. The doll may be
thrown aside indeed (though, ten to one, it
is carefully treasured in some secret reposi-
tory to be looked at with tender memories
now and again), but she soon finds other
treasures to be fondled and prized in its
stead. We wonder whether there is a single
lady, of our or any other person’s acquaint-
ance, that has not treasur.:d up in some care-
fully concealed cache, some lock of hair,
some package of letters, some copy of verses
that are the merest rubbish in themselves
but which are nevertheless in her eyes more
precious than silver or gold. The stronger
nature of man laughs at the idea of such
sentimentality but in woman it asserts itself
as an essential element in her nature, and
refuses to be expelled either by reason or
ridicule. In short, the heart of woman is
more susceptible, and therefore her nature
is to that extent weaker than that of man,
thus indicating her being fitted for another
sphere. At the same time we do not call
that sphere a lower one. On the contrary it
is one of great—if not the greatest power and
influence in shaping men’s characters and
ultimately, the history of nations. It would
be an interesting matter of research and
historical value to reckon up and recount
the amount of influence that has been exert-
ed on the world’s, great chanyes and events
by those women who did not exert that in-
fluence beyond their legitimate sphere,
whose sous owed the high and noble
qualities by which they won their way to
success to the careful instruction and wise
training of their mothers, whose husbands
had to own that more than half their success
in life was due to the wise counsel and cheer-
ing influence of their wives.

_ But for the rougher, harder work of life

it absolutely unfits them. It is but too apt
to warp ju t and set reason to one side.
In the political arena it is a most undesirable
factor, and in other departments of man’s
4 work (such as law for instance) it is some-

pang Post likely to interfere with justice
; for the sake of mercy, and to render “the

hand that should strike unable to do more
than stroke.”

And to this, if it be answered that there
have been women who have shown the most
eminent Se agpebtications for success in the
work ly done by man, let us reply that
those who did so must have either got rid
of their sentimentality, or else been born
without it. In either case they are not the
of women we should care to have around

This sentimentality, then, though it be
regarded as a sign of weakness by some, we
call a sign of strength, the truest strength
with which a woman can be endowed to
enable her to fulfil worthily her noble mis-
sion, a mission which, be it noted, man could
never fully discharge. The care of the home
circle, the training and care of the young,
are eminently the work of woman, and this
need not, indeed should not, exclude the
cultivation of intellectual pleasures. She
need not be a mere drudge—indeed she must
not be if she be desirous of being a real
help-meet to her husband—and, in the well-
regulated exercise of true sentiment, she will
find at the same time her purest pleasures
and her best safeguard.

9 + aa ttt
Hunting for Submarine Treasure.
A schooner, owned by a Conneticut ‘‘Sub-

marine Company,” is being used in exploring
a sunken wreck off Round Island, near Peek-
skill, on the Hudson. The wreck has been
there many years, and is reputed to have
been the ship of the famous pirate Capt.
Kidd. A visitor found among the appli-
ances of the schooner a great variety of
machines, chains, pumps, rubber tubes, and
other contrivances, for bringing treasure out
of deep water. Chief among these was a
large diving bell, of boiler iron, with little
round windows on every side, so that the
man inside can see out in every direction—
up, down, andacross, It is keptina well in
the hold, aud when it is to be used, bolts at
the top are unfastened, the top being put on
so tight that the affair is both air and water
proot. The sensation of being bolted into
this nar:ow iron prison for the first time is
said to be terrfble, though the experienced
divers do not mind it. There are two rubber
tubes attached to the top, one to carry off
the exhausted air, the other to supply iresh
air. When the man is fastened in, the
pump is started, and the bell is hoisted out
with an immense derrick and lowered over
the side. This bell can operate in three
hundred feet of water, and is, of course,
raised or lowered by steam. When all is
ready it is lowered to the bottom. The man
inside looks through his windows, and de-
termines what must be done first. He has
wires to pull to signal the men above. He
can tell them to hoist, lower, give him more
or less air, or any other sigaals that may
have been agreed upon. Attached to the
side of the diving bell, and operated by
steam, from above, is what is called ‘‘ the
arm ”—a heavy attachment, provided with
so many joints and swivels that it is capable
of making all the many motions of the human
arm, with much greater strength than any
human arm everhad, This arm has a hand,
with fingers, that hold a saw, an axe, a
crowbar, or any instrument desired. If the
man in the bell desires to saw, he is drawn
up, a saw is put in the steam hand, and he
goes back and begins work. When he
wants au axe or a hammer he is drawn up
again, and the tool is changed. The iron
bell is almost human in its capacity for
work, and, with the brains of a man inside,
it is a valuable labourer. When the work
ig in very deep or dark water, or at night,
an electric light is attached to the bell, and
the bottom for many yards around is made
as bright as if the sun shone upon it, The
effect upcn the surface of the water of this
bright light underneath is said to be dazzling
and beautiful, and some of the Rip Van
Winklites who Jive up yonder on the hills
may well begin to wonder when they see the
bottom of the Hudson bright with electric
light and a steam man digging for a pirate’s
treasures,
i @ e Q C

Ir is said of Darmstadt that it is the
healthiest spot on the globe. Nearly all the
inhabitants die of old age, or when they get
tired of hfe move to Munich, where they are
sure to drop off in a very short time. ‘‘ But
it is all a mistake,” said a poor and tearful
peasant to his doctor: *‘ Darmstadt has not
a healthy climate, for I had a cousin who
resided there, and he suddenly took sick and
died.” ‘‘And what was his disease, my
friend ?” asked the astonished doctor, look-
ing over his gold bowed spectacles, The
peasant thought he proved his assertion that
the climate was unhealthy by replying.
‘‘ Why, he died ot delirium tremens.’

Ir occasionally happens that a man tells
the truth when his real object is to tell a lie.
An Italian, unfamiliar with the English lan-
guage, used to sell fish on the streets, usin
the usual call—‘‘ Freshee fishee, all alive !”
After a while he retired from the fish busi-
ness and took to selling eggs, using however,
the words—‘‘ Freshi eggs, all alive,” densely
unconscious that he is not telling the lie he
thinks he is,

Fiendish Fury.

HORRIBLE BUTCHERY OF A VIRGINIA WOMAN BY
HER BROTHER IN-LAW—THE WRETOH’S
ATTEMPT TO TAKE HIS OWN LIFE ABLY BEC-
ONDED BY HIS WIFE,

At Richmond, Va., intelligence has been re-
ceived here of one of the most desperate and
bloody crimes known in the history of mur-
ders, and one which shows how strongly hat-
red animates a human being even in the hour
of death. The tragedy took place yesterday,
near the village of Green Springs, in London
county. It seems that Merrill Nott yesterday
morning early had a quarrel with his wife’s
sister, who lived in the house with him.
Thoroughly infuriated, he went out and got
a large knife used for cutting corn, and, com-
ing back, assaulted her with the murderous
weapon. He pursued the unfortunate woman
into the yard and stabbed and hacked her until
he thought she was dead. After this he went
into the house, and, taking his gun, dischar-
ged it into the air. He then reloaded the
weapon, and, proceeding to within a few feet
of where his victim lay weltering in blood,
placed the muzzle of the gun under his own
chin and fired, the load passing through his
mouth, tearing of the tongue and lodging in
the upper part of the jaw. He fell in his
ownlgore, and while struggling on the ground
gasping for breath he noticed signs of return-
turning life in his dying sister-in-law. Sum-
moning the full strengih of every muscle and
concentrating the whole of his vital forces in
one almost superhuman effort, and even then
struggling in the throes of dissolution, he
crawled about on the ground until he reached
a large stone, which he caught in his clammy
hands, and then, wriggling his distorted body
over the ground with almost worm-like mo-
tion, he dragged it to the side of the dying
woman, and, lifting himself, he raised the
stone as high as he could and let it fall on the
woman’s face. It crushed in the skull and
nose of the woman, but she still struggled.
The dying scoundrel, with a determination
which did not leave him in his last mo-
ments, reached out again for the rock, with
the design of dealing another blow. Atthis
stage of the tragedy his wife appeared in the
yard, and, seeing him reaching for the stone,
seized another, and, standing over his body,
dealt him a death blow, but too late to save
her sister, who died in a few minutes after
her murderer. It is not known what caused
the quarrel between Nott and his sister in-
law, but it is understood that he and his
wife had also been quarreling, and that his
sister-in law simply took his wife’s part.

me

At the Mercy of the Waves.

MEN LEFT IN MID-OCEAN CLINGING TO A SINKE-
ING SHIP’S MASTS—THE FRUITLESS AT-
TEMPT OF THE CALIFORNIA’S MEN TO RES-
CUE THEM—DISAPPEARING IN THE NIGHT
—A POSSIBILITY THAT THEY HAVE BEEN
SAVED.

The three hundred sixty-five cabin and
steerage passengers which arrived in New
York yesterday on the Anchor line steamship
California saw a thrilling spectacle in mid-
ocean. When four days out from London a
bark was seen in an apparently sinking con-
dition. The sea was boisterous, and the
crew, clinging to her shrouds, waved their
hands in appeal for help.

Capt. Donaldson of the California brought
his ship up into the wind.

‘* Hardie,” he said, calling to the first
officer, ‘‘lower the big cutter and try and
get to her.”

Hardie, a veteran mariner, lost no time in
clearing away his boat, which, manned by a
hardy crew, was soon in the huge seas that
had been generated by a fierce northeaster.

Officer Hardie says that, with great exer-
tion, he succeeded in getting to leeward of
the bark, which was tossing about helplessly
in the trough of the sea. After many at-
tempts his crew got the end of the line which
had been made fast to a broken spar and
thrown overboard by the bark’s crew. His
boat was pitched up and down on the
seas as though it had been inthe surf, and
before he could approach nearer the line
parted. Many of the crew in the rigging
seemed to have their dunnage strapped in
the rigging, and they did not respond to his
appeals to them to jump overboard. By
their signalling he learned that the hark was
the Macedonia, from Pensacola, Fla., for
Berwick, England. She had ten feet of
water in her hold, and was leaking badly.
The day was waning, and a thick haze was
setting in. So much difficulty had Hardie

and his crew experienced in reaching the
sinking bark, and such a tax upon the
strength of his crew had it proved to keep
their boat head to the sea, that he finally
decided it would be fatal to all hands to re-
main longer away from the steamship, which
was fast becoming indistinct. Before re-
turning, however, he made a final effort to
get the men in the shrouds to jump over-
board, This they seemed loth to do. Their
ship was lunging about in the seaway, the
waves making a clear breach over her. It
would have been fatal, he saye, to have ap-
proached her. Had he touched her resrin
sides his boat would have been crush
This was the reason, he saye, that he was
finally compelled to sheer off and make for
the steamship. His men were eo exhausted
when they reached their ship that they bad
to be lifted aboard by a fall and tackle.

Capt. Donaldson decided to stay as close
as possible to the sinking ship and make
another attempt at rescue in the morning.
When darkness set in a white signal light
was scen on the bark, and a red light was
shown aboard the steamship in response.
The gale continued all night, and in the
morning the sinking bark was not in sight.
After describing a great circle with lookouts
in the tops, without seeing anything of the
bark, the California proceeded on her way
hither,

The officers of the California are of the
opinion that the bark was settling very
slowly into the sea. They say she was, when
last seen, disectly in the track of passing
vessels, and they think the crew may have
been rescued. The bark was last seen in
latitude 48° 47/ north, longitude 21° 57!
west.

The bark Macedonia was commanded by
Capt. Parker. She was built at Bath, Me.,
in 1845. She was 125 feet in Jength, 27 feet
beam, 19 feet depth of hold, and of 476 tons
register; Her owner is M. Thompson, of
Newcastle, England.

Howto Have Ice Next Summer.

A great many people do without ice in the
summer—though the ponds and strea'ns at
their doors furnish an abundant supply
every wiuter—simply because they imagine
that an expensive icehouse is needed to hold
the ice. A gentleman who once laboured
under the same delusion, describes in the
Tribune the experience by which he was led
to store his summer supply of ice success-
fully, without an ice house, after paying
dearly in disappointment, loss of ice, a’
loss of money, through having ‘‘too much
icehouse.” He was convinced of his error
by the circumstance that the more pains he
took with his icehouse the more rapidly his
ice melted, while a neighbour who had no
icehouse at all always had plenty of ice,
The practice of the latter was simply to
pile his ice in a square body under a cow-
shed having a northern exposure, the first
layer of ice being raised above the ground so
as to secure good drainage, and the whole
covered thickly with sawdust. Boards set
on end around the ice pile served to keep
the sawdust in place. The gentleman re-
ferred to says :

A pile of ice six feet high, and eight feet
long willmake three hundred and eighty-
four cubic feet. And this is enough for the
use of an ordinary family for the table and
to cool the creametc. Six team loads fill an
icehouse which contains about four hundred
cubic feet. The blocks should becut assmooth
as possible and square,so they will fitclosely,
and then ice must be chopped up fine and
crowded in between the pieces so as to make
a solid mass, The closer the ice is packed,
and the more solid the mass is united toge-
ther, the betterit will keep. When an ice-
house is too close, there is a great deal of
condensation, Which makes the whole con-
tents wet and dripping, and causes the ice
to melt rapidly. The air must be kept as
dry as possible, one secret of keeping ice
being plenty of ventilation, The more ice
there is in apile the better it will keep. A
small quantity must be covered deeper and
thicker than a large mass. A large mass
will almost keep itself, It does not require
the protection of sawdust, but straw or a
double wall of boards will be ample. Every
person who makes butter ought to have ice,
It will more than pay for use in the dairy,
and then for the family it is a luxury every
provident man should supply.

Dr. Granam of Louisville, in his 97th
year, has gone on his regular annual huatin
the mountains. He says that every autumn
since 1830 he has eaten venison of his own
killing and cooking.

The Gatineau.

We continue the description of the mills
on the Gatineau River. The principal are
the Gatineau Mills, belonging to Messrs.
Gilmour & Co., situated at the village of
Chelsea, about eight miles from the city of
Ottawa and nine miles from the junction of
the Gatineau with the Ottawa_river. The
scenery above and below the mills is ex-
ceedingly romantic and beautiful—four or
five rapids and cascades, and sloping banks
to the water’s edge, covered with trees and
foliage, render this portion of the river most
picturesque and charming. The mills are
situated on the south bank of the Gatineau,
above the high falls, and are surrounded by
a series of booms andjworks of great magni-

tude upon which immense sums have been |

expended. The whole of the saw-logs which
descend the Gatineau are caught in these
booms, and a very faint idea can be convey-
ed to a stranger of the immense amount of
skill required to separate those belonging to
the Gatineau mills from those belonging to
different manufacturers below. ;

During the summer this point of the river
presents a scene of bustle and animation of
the most extraordinary kind, and as the
firm employs literally an army of workmen,
the scene can be better imagined than de-
scribed.

Below the booms, the worst} point of the
river has to be encountered by the logs de-
scending the stream, and it is frequently en-
livened by the appearance of perfect islands
of stranded timber, technically called yams,
and the efforts of the owners to set them
afloat exhibit scenes of daring and endur-
ance seldom witnessed elsewhere.

The mills were commenced about forty
years ago. They now consist of two large,
substantial buildings, and a smaller mill for
preparing lumber for the United States
market, The water power used is equal to
about five hundred horse power. There are
13. saw gates containing about 220 saws ; and
twenty edging, buttoning, and re-sawing cir-
eular saws. These mills will manufacture
230,000 feet, board measure,in eleven hours,
orabout 35 million of feet per season. About
two thirds of this lumber is cut for the Que-
bec market, and the balance for the United
States. Attached to the mills there are
about three miles of wooden canal for con-
veying thesawn lumber to the piling grounds.
Messrs. Gilmour & Co, possess timber limits
to the extent of 1,700 square miles, whence
they obtain the requisite number of saw-logs
to supply these extensive works. and 1,000
men receive employment from them during
winter and 500 in summer, including lum-
bermen, farmers. surveyors, &c., &c. They
alsq employ 250 spans of horses ; and during
each season they consume 40,000 bushels of
oats, 600 tons of hay, 1,500 barrels of pork,
and 3,0C0 barrels of flour, besides large
quantities of clothing, boots, shoes, tea, to-
bacco, blankets, &c., &c., &c. These mills
are amongst the most celebrated in the
country, not only for the romantic beauty of
the surrounding scenery but for the perfec-
tion of the machinery employed and the or-
der and good management exhibited through-
out them.

On their limits this firm has nine farms,
comprising in all about 1,500 acres. The
whole of the produce of these farnis is con-
sumed by the employees of the firm. On
the banks of the river Gatineau they have
four principal depots, from which supplies
are sent to lumbermen at work in the woods.
One of these is distant upwards of 200 miles
from Ottawa. This firm pays from $275,000
to $300,000 in wages annually.

—— 2 ob
Pickanock Village.

This village is situated in a valley at the
mouth of the Pickanock river, distant from
Ottawa sixty miles. It is one of the many
romantic spots on the Gatineau. The found-
er of the village, Mr. J. Ellard, is proprietor
of the grist mill and saw mills, which were
built by him in 1862, The country around
Pickanock abounds in minerals, such as
phosphate, iron, lead, &c., with indications
of gold and silver,

G _—_— OD AS a

—Coal in Winnipeg is quoted at $18.50 te
$19 per ton. Al ae)

—It is semi-officially announced that the
Ontario Legislature will meet on the 13th
January,

THE CANADA

The Victoria Farm.

About a mile above Pickanock village is
Victoria Farm, the principal depot of.
Messrs. G. B. Hall & Co., whose mills are
at Montmorenci, near Quebec. The farm,
according to a correspondent, comprises 700
acres, 400 of which are under the most per-
fect cultivation, under the charge of Mr. R.
Bowden, who also looks after the stock,
which is unsurpassed on the Gatineau, and
comprises 35 horses, 26 head of cattle, 55
sheep, 16 pigs, &c.; among these fine ani-
mals, is a magnificent bull, which though
only 3 years old, weighs 2,030 lbs., and a
handsome stud. The farm is also provided
with a large vegetable garden, in which are
to be seen grapes and other fruits and a
variety of flowers. The products of this
farm last year amounted to over 200 tons of
hay, 5,000 bushels oats, 6,000 bushels tur-
nips and 3,000 of potatoes. The buildings
are perfect and all the most improved agri-
cultural implements, are in use; 12 labour-
ers are employed who reside on the farm,
Attached is a general store, and the offices
which are connected with Ottawa by wire ;
3 clerks are envaged attending to the direc-
tions of Mr. Fisher, the general agent and
the foreman of the other farms, or depots,
which are five in number, and are situated
at various points north on the tributaries of
the Gatineau. From six to seven hundred
men are employed directly and indirectly
by this large lumbering house.

1 rr

The Desert.

This village, so called trom the River
Desert emptying, into the Gatineau, where itis
built, is also called Maniwaki, It comprises
a mixed population of nine hundred inhabit-
ants, viz: about 500 English and French
speaking, and 400 Indians, It is situated
ninety miles north of Ottawa city. In the
neighbourhood are four depots belonging to
Messrs. Gilmour & Co., G. B. Hall & Co.,
Hamilton Bros., and Mr. Chas. Logue.

2
Hawkesbury Mills.

This extensive establishment owned by
Messrs. Hamilton Bros., has been establish-
ed for over three quarters of acentury. The
first firm was Hamilton & Low, who com-
menced work cutting logs on the Gatineau
in 1805. They first began about 20 miles up
the river, they have year by year pushed
their business northward until they now
operate 110 miles above the Desert—own
920 square miles of limits in the Gatineau
district and have five large depots connect-
ed therewith 30 miles apart. The number
of men employed there varies in the aggregate
from 150 to 300 ; this is but a small porticn
of the busines; of the tributaries of the
Ottawa, among which we may mention the

Rouge, Desert, Gatineau, Jean-Deterre,
Ignace, Crow and DuMoine Rivers; in the
latter district they own 850 square miles of
limits aud employ 400 men, and on the
Rouge over 100. The total number of men
employed in the woods to get out saw logs
—the only timber made for the firm’s
mills—which are situated at Hawkes-
bury, will average about from 600 to 1,000
annually.

The Mills are situated about sixty miles
from Ottawa city, on the south shore of the
river, near the head of the Grenville Rapids,
They contain 101 vertical saws and 44 circu
lar saws, driven by 72 water-wheels, and
turn out from 35,000,000 to 42,000,000 feet
of lumber per annum. About five hundred
men and boys are in summer employed
constantly by the firm at Hawkesbury alone.
Some conception of the immense extent of
the operations of this firm may be formed
when we say that more than 3,000 tons of
agricultural produce are consumed an-
nually.

The establishment includes four saw-mills,
together with a grist-mill, with four runs of
stone, for the production of flour for the use
of the raftsmen, shantymen and other em-
ployees, as well as for the neighbouring
farmers.

The present firm is composed of Hon, John
Hamilton, Robert Hamilton, and John
Hamilton, Jr. The chief business office is at
Ottawa, under charge of Mr. Hiram Robin-
son,

is

LUMBERMAN.

MINING NEWS.

The Brockville Recorder says, a mineral
spring has been discovered near Morris-
town.

An offer by an American gentleman of
$3.75 per ton for 40,000 tons of iron ore de.
livered in Ottawa has been refused by Col-
Robbins.

Moore & Cutler’s timber limits on the Mat-
tawa, 133 square miles, were sold recently
at Ottawa, by J. Brewer, auctioneer, to J.
R. Booth, for $30,100.

A party of miners returning from the in-
terior of Alaska and the head waters of the
Yukon river, report finding numerous gold
deposits and indications of rich placers.

The Renfrew Mercury says: Two men are
hunting up minerals in the mountain ranges
of Litchfield. One of them carries the bag
and specimens, Among the specimens is a
beautiful piece of marble got in the neigh-
bourhood of Renfrew. Equally as good can
be found in large quantities on this side of
the river.

THE PRIcE oF PHospHATE.—The price of
phosphate on the canal is now about $12 a
ton, and the demand, we are informed, is
more than equal to the supply. This is a
good paying figure, and the output should be
large this season,—R, Mercury.

The discovery of a gold nugget weighing
six ounces is reported from the Delery con-
cession, River Gilbert. Mr. Delery has
formed a new company to work the precious
metal under the name of the East Branch
Gold Mining Company.

During the past year over one thousand
immigrants have been registered at Ottawa,
all of whom have obtained work in the
Ottawa valley. Since the lst of January
120 settlers, with effects valued at $10,513,
have moved into Ottawa. For the previous
year the value was $5,878.

A citizen of Ottawa has gone to New York
with samples of sand found up the Ottawa,
and supposed to contain a very large percen-
tage of gold. The object of his visit is said
to be to negotiate for either the sale of the
property on which the sample was found,
or to organize a company for its develop-
ment. :

A French paper says, that Mr. J. Ains-
worth, proprietor of lot No. 13, Concession
DeLery, in Beauce, has realized something
like $200 aday for some time past. He em-
ploys constantly some 35 men. A day
or two ago one of the workmen on this
a: found a nugget valued at eighty dol-
ars,

The gold mining property owned by the
estate of the late Alexander Heatherington,
and situated at Cariboo, East Halitax, was
sold Ly the sheriff recently and purchased
by S. R, Jenkins for $4,000. The property
includes sixty-seven gold mining areas, one
hundred acres of land, and buildings and
machinery.

The following interesting news comes
from Ottawa :—

Hon. R. W. Scott and Mr. W. H. Walk-
er, Ottawa, have been in New York city for
some time past negotiating for the sale of
the Canada Plumbago Company’s mines and
works near this city, on the Quebec side of
the river. After many false alarms, success
appears ultimately to have attended their
mission. Mr. Walker, who has returned
from New York, states that a new company
with $300,000 capital has been formed in
New York to manufacture a new economic
material of which plumbago is the principal
ingredient—in fact to the extent of 76 per
cent, Patemts have been obtained for it in
the principal civilized countries. The com-
p2ny consists of prominent financial mep,and
the paid-up capital amounts to $93,400. At
a meeting of this company held in Cooper’s
Institute, the terms of the sale of the mines
were agreed upon, subject to the Treasurer's
approval, who was then in France negotati-
ing the sale of the patent for the new ma-
terial. He expects to realize $300,000 for
patent. The terms of the sale appear to be
that Mr. Walker retains one-half interest,
while the American company takes the
other ha!f. The company are to take the

lumbago at ruling market prices. About
$300 per ton will be paid tor the refined
plumbago. Fifty men will be employed on
the works at Buckingham, and wil] work in
night and day gangs. The new material ap-
pears to be lubricating in its character, as it
does away with the use of oil on machinery.
As to the other proprieties secrecy is main-
tained at present,

From Oxford County, township of Blen-
heim, Ontario, a Drumbo correspondent of

the Paris Star writes that a large bed of
iron ore has been uncovered on the farm of
John Burgess, within a quarter of a mile of
the village. There is only about a foot of
soil covering it. The soil was taken off
shovels, uncovering quite a large spot,

the ore lies there in a bed and seems to run
downwards from the point and over to Henry
Muma’s farm. There had beem some per-
sons acquainted with the fact for some time,
but only now and then picked up small
specimens ; but now the actual bed has been >
found, it will not be any trouble to trace the
vein. A gentleman who examined it says
it very much resembles the ore taken from
the Londonderry mines in Nova Scotia.
Here is a chance for capitalists to take hold
of, as it is within a quarter of a mile of the
Grand Trunk and Credit Valley railway
stations, and there are excellent adv:
for shipping.

a a ae

600,000 Barrels of Petroleum Wasted.

Since midsummer there has run to
in the Bradford oil region something li
600,000 barrels of petroleum. A recent dis-
patch from that region says that there are in
round numbers nearly 8,000 oil ucing
wells in the Bradford district. Their dail
yield is 70,000 barrels. The lower or old oi!
fields are producing 12,000 barrels a day.
The daily demand for petroleum is 55,000
barrels. This is the amount now run by the
pipe lines. The accumulation of oil for
which there is no present demand long
exhausted the storage capacity. For three
months 6,000 barrels of oil have been running
to waste every day. There are 2,000,000
barrels of petroleum in wooden tanks at the
wells. It is estimated that there are at
least 8,000,000 barrels of accamulated stocks
in the storage tanks of the pipe lines. The
oil that is running to waste is run upon the
groumd and into creeks, Ente ing in-
dividuals build dams along these streams and
collect the floating ‘‘ grease,” Hundreds of
barrels are pumped cff and stored in im-
provised ee = to await a market. Indi-
vi‘ual producers are building private tanks
to store the overproduction. Tuaere are now
400,000 barrels ot thistankage in this region.
The number of wells steadily increase every
month, in spite of the situation.

The Bradford wells are all flowing wells.
This fact is what caused the abandoning of
so many of the wells in the lower field, they
being all pumpers. Until recently the
“sucker rod” and pumping ia were
almost unknown in the Bradford field. Now
they are in demand. Many of the old wells
have fallen off greatly in their yield. The
supply companies cannot furnish enough
sucker rods and engines to meet the call for
them. Second-hand ones from the lower
field find a ready market at good prices.
This resort to the pump is creating no little
uneasiness in the fieid. Itindicatesthat the
gas is failing. A flowing well on being
pumped increases its yield largely ; but the
continuance of a full yield becomes uncertain,
The positively defined area of the Bradford
oil producing field includes over 65,000 acres,
There is a well to every 5 acres of land that
has been developed, which leaves about 30,-
000 acres yet to drill. Wells on this ter-
ritory will not be put down with such reck-
less haste as has characterized past opera-_
tions, because it is controlled by large vom-
panies of capitalists,

TuaT exquisite monument of ancient Irish
art, the Tara brooch, more delicate than the
finest Etruscan work, was sold by the finder
to a Drogheda goldsmith for $1.25.

Tue London journals continue their com-
mendations of the improved arrangement
recently devised for starting cars and as-
sisting the driver to brake up. This plan,
which differs from others brought forward
for a similar purpose, consists of a system of
coiled springs, levers and gearing, placed at
the end of each car under the ing, the
springs being connected by means of a cross-
head and chain, with a loose drum and
clutch gearing working on the axle on whi
the car wheels are fixed. When the signal
is given to the driver to stop thecar, he re-
leases a lever, which throws a fixed clutch
into gearing with the loose dram, to whi
the chain is attached ; the drum then re-
volves with the axle of the car and winds up
the chain, thus causing a retarding force to
be exerted on the wheels by reaeon of the |
springs being compressed. On oe ’
signal to go on the driver releases the clutch
from the drum, and the springs, havingthus —
free play, unwind the chain from 4
drum; in so doing, the drum, and with it

the axle of the car, is revolved in a forward —
direction,which gives an impetus to the cars, _

4

Armed Peace in Europe,

Plots and Counterplots of the Powers
—Greece Preparing to Claim her
Provinces—Germany Desirous
of more Allies—The Forti-
fications of Paris—The
Russian and Chi-
nese Armies.

Paris, Nov. 12.—Those who are behind
the curtain assert that February will not
pass without bloodshed on an extensive scale
in Epirus and Thessaly. There was every
reason to anticipate this bloodshed six months
ago, and yet there was none, because dip-
lomacy hoped to frighten the Sultan by
threats which diplomats assured him private-
ly should not be executed, and I would be
inclined to think that nothing more serious
need be feared for 1881 if it were not for
two circumstances : First—The Greeks have
managed to raise a loan of sixty millions,
which they are spending entirely upon the
armament and mobilization of their national
forces. Second—Although the Sublime
Porte pays none of its creditors either at
home or abroad.

** THE PALACE FLOATS IN GOLD,”

to quote literally the expression of an
Oriental banker to me last evening. That
this money should have been furnished to
the Greek and Turkish Governments, both
notoriously insolvent, is a symptom of
trouble ahead, and, if my information be
correct, the subsidies can be traced to Berlin
on theone hand and to L »ndon and St. Peters-
burg on the other. The catastrophe is cer-
tain; when it will come depends entirely
upon the good pleasure of Prince von Bis-
mark, which in its turn depends upon the
success of his present intrigues e draw
France into the Austro-German orbit.
Monstrous as this alliance would be, it is
not at all an impossible eventuality. Just
now such a compact would overthrow any
Government by which it might be proposed,
but the mere circumstance that some very
respectable men have begun to discuss its
possibility, to estimate the nature and extent
of the guid pro quo to be demanded, is evid-
ence of a wish to feel the public pulse.
That the maintenance of quasi-cordial rela-
tions between

RUSSIA AND GERMANY

depends entirely upon the existence ot their
sovereigns is generally admitted, and the
news concerning the Czar’s health is of a na-
ture to cause legitimate apprehensions. The
official reports, of course, represent it to be
blooming, but private letters speak quite in
another way, and it is certain that the most
eminent physicians of St. Petersburg were
telegraphed for last week to consult with
his majesty’s ordinary medical attendants
at Livadia. The report is that dynamite
and revolvers having proved of no avail, ar-
genic has now been resorted to, the utmost
secrecy is prescribed to the press, but the
correspondents of foreign journals tell queer
stories of perquisitions made in the imperial
_ kitchens and of the arrests of several of the
imperial cooks. Something of the sort must
have been the cause of the precipitation
with which the morganatic marriage with

PRINCESSS DOLGOROUKI

was celebrated. I have already noticed thi
affair, and, I think, stated iy there ee
even question, at one moment, of baving a
right-handed instead of a left handed cere-
mony, for which there was a precedent in
the case of Peter the Great. Mme. Dolgor-
ouki had quite enough influence over her au-
gust lover to obtain this had she elected to
wait awhile, but, being a clever woman, she
appreciated that delays may be dangerous,
and so preferred the lesser honor by which
her children are legitimated and her own
very equivocal position as favorite rendered
respectable. Although I wrote about this
Marriage more than a month ago, the French
newspapers have only just published it as a
fact, and have only just begun to make their
commentaries, while but three days ago did
even the Cologne Gazette obtain full details.
The ceremony was performed on the lst of
last Angust in a chapel of the Palace, in the
presence of avery few witnesses, among
whom where the Grand Duke Nicholas, who
_ will now, as a reward for his condescension,
be probably restored to favor, and the Min.
ister of War, Gen, Miljutine. All the im-

_ perial family except Nicholas testified their
i ons. a their P ini ‘The Czare-

ent away peal, the Grand
Constantine and Viadimir came to
the latter accompanied by the Grand

witch
‘Dukes
Paris,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Duchess, the former with the mission to
bring home the yacht Livadia.

Now, being posted better than even the
Russians themselves on these

IMPERIAL FAMILY JARS,

knowing the intense hatred of the Russian
Crown Prince for everything German, whe-
ther on the right or the ieft bank of Vistula,
and feeling that the precarious state of the
Emperor’s health offers little assurance of
any long duration to the Statu quo, Prince
von Bismarck casts about him for another al-
liance. He has no great confidence in the
value of the Austrian Army, and he is very
much afraid of the French Army, which, if
very deficient in many respects, has immen-
sely improved in quality since 1871. He
does not propose any compensation as the
price of a French alliance, he has no intent-
ion ever to propose any compromise, but fol-
lows up his old game which was so success-
ful with that imbecile, Napoleon IIJ., in
1866. Meanwhile, he hints to the German
people that the French clamor for reprisals
is understood—this in order to make a war
with France, if needs be, popular in Father
land—and he lets the Frencin know that he is
in possession of all the details of their offen-
sive resources.

An article, published some months ago,
anonymously, and which I then translated
told the French and the Germans what both
might expect in the matter of field opera-
tions. An article in a recent number of the
Berliner Tagblatt shows the opinion of Ger-
man strategists concerning those fortifica-
tions which our people fondly hoped would
render Paris impregnable. The fortified
enceinte embraces an extent of about 116
square miles ; this 1s judged to be too great
to allow reciprocal support between the de-
tached forts, and to organize a solid defence
of the intermediate ground where there must
be necessarily a great many sectors with-
out fire, through which attacking col-
umns may penetrate and take the positions
n rear.

THESE VULNERABLE POINTS

have an average breudth of about five miles,
and being in covered ground, they are espec-
ially favourable to the assailant. Such, for
example, is the ground between the railway
lines of Lille and the Soissong, and on the
south, between Paloiseau and Villeneuve.
As to the guarantees offered by the new
works against the investment of the capital,
I must agree with the Taghlatt that they are
totally insufficient. The last siege proved
that to isolate the capital entirely was im-
possible ; by means of carrier pigeons and
balloons communication could always be kept
up with the Provinces, but the alimentation
ot the town is no easier now with the new
system than it was in 1870-71. <A zone of
116 miles can only be provisioned by means
of railways, and the first operation of an
enemy must naturally be the destruction of
this means of communication. In 1870-71
neither the French northe German Armies,
with very rare exceptions, destroyed either
the tunne!s or the viaducts ; in the next war
both will act differently, and if, from time to
time, a few wagon-loads of flour and a few
droves of ox-n can be introduced, neither
wil bein sufficient quantities to relieve the
wants of the garrison and the population of
the beleaugered city. Besides these objec-
tions, on which the German newspaper lays
great stress, there is another, cqually impor-
tant, but of which, strangely enough, it
makes no mention; the great development
of the line of defense will subtract a consid-
erable proportion from the troops, which
otherwise might be employed in offensive
operations. I do not believe that

ANOTHER SIEGE OF PARIS

is probable in our time, but ifit should come
off, and France rely for her salvation upon
the assistance of her capital, the finale will
be the same as nine years ago. The only
difference will be a prolongation of her agony.
Not that I believe France to be foredoomed
to defeat in her next struggle with Germany.
The French Army is second to none in the
military education of its rank and file. Up
to the grade of General of Division its offi-
cers are excellent; but I cannot see where
the country is to look for a chief capable of
of directing the ensemble of operations. The
mancuvres have formed the soldiers, but
the absence of all initiation from the opera-
tions of brigade and division commanders
which is enforced by the programmes of
these menceuvres leaves everything, as it
used to be, in the hands of the Commander-
in-Chief, who may be another Bonaparte, but
who may bea fool. Red tape is the curse
of the French Army just as much now as it
was ten years ago, and if red tape, routine,
and tradition be not demolished when this

Army next takes the field, the results will
be as disastrous as they were wuen it was
last called upon. If they be swept away,
the capture of Berlin and not the capture of
Paris will be the crowning glory of the war.
Which of the two courses may be followed
no living man can foretell.
Meanwhile

RUSSIA IS ARMED QUIETLY,

and although her pretended object is the
subjection of the Turcomans and the defense
of her Kuldja frontier against the Chinese,
it is not possible to admit that either of these
enemies can cause her any grave anxiety.
The late Russo-Turkish war was an admirable
school for her officers ; they made grievous
mistakes there, but they learned some very
wholesome lessons, and when we look at the
development of her Army daring the last
quarter of a century, we must admit that
those who affect to despise her military
strencth are woefully blind. On the Ist of
January, 1853, the Russian Army was co-
posed of 27,716 officers, 968,382 men inclu-
sive of the reserve, the Militia, and the
auxiliary troops, and 78,144 Cossacks. Dur-
ing the Crimean war these forces were con-
siderably increased, and according to official
data, amounted, on the Ist of January,
1856, to 41,817 officers and 2,275,454 rank
and file. This strength was, however, only
nominal ; on paper, the effective was: Ac-
tive Army, 24,654 officers and 1,170,184
soldiers ; reserve, 7,876 officers and 572,158
soldiers ; irregular troops 3,640 officers and
168 691 soldiers ; Militia, 5,647 officers and
364,421 soldiers ; Cossacks, 3,441 officers and
156,726 soldiers; for service, subtraction
must be made of about one-half of these
figures, as in 1863, for example, according to
the Ministerial report, the Russian Army
ouly counted 858,997 regular troops, and a
conscientious examination of the muster rolls
a few months later showed that the genuine
effective of the Army did not exceed the ap-
proximate figure of 385,000. Since then,
however, the military administration of the
Empire has been thoroughly reformed, the

ARMY APPROPRIATIONS

have been increased, and there is every rea-
son to suppose that the estimates made on
the 25th of November, 1879, are not very
far from being accurate. These estimates
give, as ready for immediate mobilization,
908 Generals, 31,414 officers, and 865,425
men of the regular Army, 742,144 reserve,
1,972 officers and 51,359 men belonging to
the Cossacks, 105,946 irreygulars. That
Russia can keep up such an establishment as
this for any length of time is not to be ex-
pected, as it 13 not to be expected that she
destines its employment solely in Central
and Eastern Asia, where 30,000 men are
spoken of as the maximum of both armies of
operations, of which about one-third are
thonght sufficient for the first operation
against the Celestials. Possibly Russia may
make a mistake in that quarter, where a
declaration of war will immediately follow
the completion of the Trans-Siberian Rail-
way.
It is hard for any one to think of

| JOHN CHINAMAN AS A FORMIDABLE ENEMY.

What warriors could be thought formidable
if dressed in petticoats? Yet the heathen
are extraordinarily brave, or rather, they
have a contempt of d_ ath andedanger which,
as they can readily bring a million of men
into the field, might make them exceedingly
dangerous if they were disciplined and com-
manded by intelligent officers. Fortunately
for Russia, they are not, but, unfortunately
for that power, they have been deserted by
that ‘‘ big medicine man,’”’ Gordon, who, on
leaving the flowery land, has bequeathed
them a series of military precepts, vide his
book, which would insure the discomfiture
of any army and the conquest of any nation
with whose military direction he may ever
be connected. From this warlike mission-
ary’s exit from China, I presume that he and
the Mandarins did not pull together, where-
fore they will probably be deaf to his ser-
mons, all the more that a goodly number of
German officers have gone to take his place.
If they had a year or two in which to work,
these gentlemen would doubtless accomplish
something ; but they have barely time to
overcome the two great defects of the Chi-
nese Army, the absence ofall unity and cen-
tralization. With the exception of the Guard,
which is under the command of the Minister
of War, all the troops depend upon the Pro-
vincial Governors, by whom they are organ-
ized, armed, equipped, and drilled according
to the instructions of a special Ministry.
This is the cause of the first of these two de-
fects ; the second is the result of their orga-
nization, which is local. Each soldier must
provide for his personal wants and for those

5

_————$——$———

of his family, and consequently hires himself
out asa day laborer.

HE If DRILLED OCCASIONALLY,

but so rarely that hie military education
never gets beyond the most elementary rudi-
ments. Astohis armament it is heteroclite;
bows and arrows in some place, matchlocks
in others, and nowhere dangerous for Euro-
pean troops. ‘heir officers have no idea of
the art of war, and are ignorant even of the
disposal of their troops for an engagement ;
the examination which they pass must de-
monstrate only their ability to use the bow
on horgeeback and to play like jugglers with
weighing 50 pounds each. 1878 China at-
tempted the introduction of European re-
forms into her Army. She purchased 275
heayy guns and 250field pieces from Krupp’s
foundry, bnt no teams were procured eithor
then or since, and her artillery corps has not
yet been organized. Perhaps it was not
on this account that Col. Gordon advised
his friends ‘‘ Not to bother themselves with
cannon which make more noise than they do
harm, but to put their faith in rockets.” (7)
In short, the Chinese Army can scarcely be
said even to exist on paper. It isa horde of
individuals, cruel and sanguinary bandits,
who will burn and massacre, but are incap-
able of opposing any serious resistance to the
Russian forces. I need not tell of the worth-
lessness of the Celestial Navy, which is only
worthy of a place by the side of the Celestial
land forces, and yet if China should ever re-
solutely undertake the military organization
of her immense population what a redoubt-
able enemy she might become. Luckily for
Russia and her neighbors, such is not the sit-
uation.
——_____§ se

GENERAL.

TRANSLATIONS of Mill, Spencer, and Dar-
win are common in Japan, where the ‘‘Ori-
gin of Species” has a large sale.

Moopy and Sankey spent eighteen days
in Salt Lake City, on their way to San
Francisco, holding crowded meetings daily.

A BROTHER and sister have become hus-
band and wife, at Youngstown, Ohio.
Learning that they were to be prosecuted,
they have fled together.

So many persons havecommitted suicide by
jumping off the three bridges across the
Tiber at Rome that a philanthropical society
keeps boatmen at each bridge in order to
rescue the unfortunate.

Tue people ot Chicago handled and packed
2,875,000 hogs during the summer salting
season, from the Ist of last March to the let
of this month, and yet found leisure for lit-
erature and arts. Now they are immersed
in their winter packing, and still easily com-
bine pork with politics and poetry.

In France many professors of the art of
cooking feed a family for so much a day and
an additional sum for each guest. They
bring the provisions, submit a menu, which
may be changed, and send a cook to live in
the house. Ata dinner party they or their
aids superintend. They are answerable for
the cook.

JAPANESE paper air cushions are said to
have some advantage over those made of
rubber. They may be rolled into a package
of smaller dimensions, when not in use ; they
will not stick together as rubber does after
it is wet, and for pillows they are better be-
cause they have no odor. Their strength is
marvellous; a man weighing 160 pounds
may stand upon one without bursting it,
They are said to be waterproof, and to make
excellent Jife preservers.

Tue Earl and Countess of Fitzwilliam are
passing the winter in Ireland at their beau-
tiful seat Coolatin, in the romantic county
of Wicklow, among a tenantry by whom he
is much beloved. His tenants are in a most
prosperous condition, and the maxim that
property has its duties as well as rights is
fully carried out. Mr. Parnell’s property is
close by, and though not at all illiberally
managed, his tenants are not allan the same
prosperous condttion.

WueEn Napoleon formed the Legion of
Honor there was much discussion as to the
colour of the riband. Napoleon was for
white, probably because on state occasions
he loved to dress in scarlet, and saw how
happy the colour contrast would be. It was
represented that white was preeminently the
colour of the exiled house. He then sug-
gested red, and was met with the objection
that red was the revolutionary colour. But
remembering that blue was the colour of
most of th: uniforms in the army, and that
red would answer as a contrast, he said,
‘* Let it be red,”

ee << Cl

6

ne

The Guitar.

The guitar is but little used now in Eng-
land, though at one time it was very fashion-
able. Other nations who still employ it,
call it by several names, most of which will
be described hereafter. The guitar. is rare-
ly, if ever, employed as an orchestral in-
strument, but is very valuable as a portable
means of accompaniment,

The existence of frets upon the guitar
limits the number of modulations capable
of being performed in the normal tuning.
When it is desired to make a complete
change of key the cado tasto screwed over
the finger-board alters the tuning at any de-
sired point, or a temporary change is made
by the grandebarre, that is by laying the fore-
finger of the left hand completely over the
strings, the remaining fingers being engaged
in stopping a chord. In the classification of
musical instruments it is convenient to speak
of three general sorts, wind, string, and

ulsatile. The guitar belongs to the second

ind, and may be said to represent a very
large family universally distributed, bearing a
variety of names according to the tongue of
the nation by which it is used, All instru-
ments may be considered as belonging to the
guitar family which poseess a resonance
body or sound box, together with a finger-
board, against which the strings with which
they are furnished may be pressed or stop-

ed.
B Following the course of history, we find
that instruments of the guitar kind are of
great antiquity, as well as of general use by

‘people of all nations.

The kinner and nebel, mentioned in the
Bible, were stringed instruments, of the
guitar or harp family, but of their exact na-
ture it must be confessed little is known,
though much is conjectured.

The Egyptian frescoes and other puintings,
valuable as showing the frequent use of
musical instruments, include several speci-
mens of the harp and guitar family. The
Nefer, one of the latter class, had a neck,
sometimes with a carved head, and was fur-
nished with three strings, and had a reso-
nance box. Upon the neck, or finger-board,
frets were tied or fastened, as in the modern
guitar. Each string is said to have been able
to produce two octaves,

he three strings were supposed to corres-
pond with the seasons of the Egyptian year.

Grecian writers, describing Revptias in-
struments, do not afford much real infor-
mation concerning them, and all attempts
to reconcile their statements only lead to
confusion ; for conjecture is nst conviction
Too moch trust has been placed in the ac-
curacy of sculptured and painted images,
and various theories have been founded up-
on the character of musical iustruments as
deduced from their represented forms, As
with ancient, so with modern musical in-
struments of far-away countries ; travellers’
tales have too often been trusted, and their
statements received as conclusive, when in
the mojority of instances they are confess-
edly ignorant of the subject upon which they
give ‘‘ authoritative judgment.”

Philology does not, after all, furnish the
best assistance towards determining selation-
ships in this matter, and, as a rule, the pic-
ture of an instrument offers but alittle help
or guide in the matter. Refrences of musi-
cal instruments ly the poets of several ages
offer no aid whatever, but on the contrary,
often tend to mislead. If they were trust-
worthy, it might reasonably sssumed that no
other instruments but the lyre and harp
were ever employed to ‘‘ assist the muse.”
But colloquial terms—often despised by
classical poets—are of most value to the his-
torian, and it is therefore found tbat the
common names applied to a stringed instru.
ment with a finger-board, kissar, cittern,
zither, kitra, kithara, geytarah, guitar, poiut
to the common origin.

There is no question but that the guitar
was introduced into Europe afterthe Cru-
sades. ‘The name, purely Eastern, has been
adopted with only a variation in spIl ng as
European use demands. The modern
Egyptians call it ‘‘ gytarah barbaryeh,” the
guitar of the Berbers, the people who are
the direct descendants of the ancient race of
the country ; and as names and words in the
East vary in the course of ages less than
those in the West, it is likely that the word
is of high antiquity.
——

Wuen Hans Christian Andersen, one of
whose dearest hopes in going to Sweden had
been tomeet Fredrika Bremer, was presented
to her on the deck of a steamer, she had never
heard of him, and was quite stiff. He pro-
duced one of his books, however, as s e left
him ; and after an hour or so she hurried back.
**T know you now,” said she; and thus be-
gan a lifelong friendship.

THE CANADA

RELIGIOUS MATTERS.

Irisstated|that, since disestablishment, the
Irish Church has raised $20,000,000 for the
cause of religion and charity, Nearly $1,500, -
000 per annum has been secured for the
stipends of the clergy. Upward of 1,200
incumbents receive an average of $1,050, and
211 receive an average of $600 per annum.

Tue Sixth Triennial Conference of the
German Baptists of America was held recent-
ly at St. Louis. Delegates were present from
14 States and from Ontario. Prof. H. M.
Schaffer was elected Moderator. Consider-
able attention was given tu educational and
publishing interests, and a new hymn-book
was ordered.

In the discussion recently in the Glasgow
Presbytery of the Kirk of the volume of
‘¢ Scotch Sermons,” Dr. Norman Macleod
ascribed the origin of the agitation against
the sermons to a member of the Free Church,
and asserted that more than one distinguish-
ed writer in the volume was in total ignor-
ance of the other sermons with which theirs
were to be combined,

THE commotion in the Church of Scotland
growing out of the publication of the volume
of ‘‘Scotch Sermons,” is increasing rather
than subsiding. The Glasgow Presbytery
has ordered a committee of inquiry in regard
to two sermons regarded as heretical con-
tributed by one of its members, and more
recently strong objections was made to Dr.
Story, of Roseneath, becoming Moderator
of the Synod of Glasgow and Ayr, because
he was one of the contributors to ‘‘ Scotch
Sermons,”

RecentLy the Duchess of Edinburgh, ac-
companied by two ladies and a gentleman,
visited Canterbury Cathedral. The verger
who conducted the Duchess and party over
the building had not the remotest idea who
he was guiding until after they had gone the
round. Indeed, the Duchess and her suite
were asked to withdraw from the north
aisle on the plea that no one was allowed to
remain in that part during divine service,
a request which was immediately complied
with.

In his charge recently the Archbishop of
Armagh said, concerning the Disestablished
Church, that, during the last 10 years, nearly
one-half the clergy who occupied benefices
at the time of disestablishment had disap-
peared from among them—some retiring
from age and infirmity, some removing to
other dioceses, and others having gone to
England, Of course, those who went away
had carried their commutation capital with
them. Owing to these causes, it would be-
come necessary to fall back upon the practice
of former times, and place more than one
parish under the care of one minister. The
candidates now presenting therselves for
ordination were generally below the required
standard of education. Even the qualifica-
tion of a collegiate degree had sometimes to
be dispensed with. There was such a dead
level of uniformity in the value of their
benefices that there was little prospect of
promotion, and nothing to attract the rising
talent of the country.

mt ee ge
Carolina’s Sweet Sixteen.

A curious petition was that addressed in
1733 to the governor of South Carolina by
sixteen maidens of Charleston. It ran thus :
“The humble petition of all the maids
whose names are underwritten. Whereas,
we, the humble petitioners, are at present
in a very melancholy disposition of mind,
considering bow all the bachelors are blindly
captivated by widows, and our own youth-
ful charms thereby neglected; in conse-
quence of this, our request is that your excell-
ency will, for the future, order that no
widows presume to marry any young man
till the maids are provided for; or else to
pay each of them a fine for satisfaction for
invading our liberties, and likewise a fine to
be levied on all such bachelors as shall be
married to widows. The great disadvantage
it is to us maids is that the widows, by their
forward carriage, do snap up the young men,
and have the vanity to think their merit
beyond ours, which is a great imposition on
us, who ought to have the preference. This
is humbly recommended to your excellency’s
consideration, and hope you will permit no
further insults. And we poor maids, in
duty bound, will ever pray.” The forlorn
sixteen would have approved the edict of the
Portuguese king, which forbade widows more
than fifty years old from remarrying, on the
ground that experience tanght that widows
ot that age commonly wedded young men of
no property, who dissipated the fortunes
such marriages brought them, to the pre-
judice of children and other relatives.

LUMBERMAN.

French Orders.

The badges of the inferior orders of the Le-
gion of Honor have been pretty eagerly sou-h
for by foreigners, even sy Englishmen. It
is related of an English merchant who had
rendered some service to Napoleon III. that
he was invited by that prince to spend a few
days at Fontainbleau. When the merchant
took his leave, the Emperor asked him whe-
ther he could be of service to him in any way.
‘‘May it please your Majesty,” stammered
the guest. ‘‘I should like—the Legion of
Honor.” Repressing the national habit of
shrugging his shoulders—ever so slightly—
Cesar replied that he should be most happy to
give him the cross. ‘‘I fancied,” he added,
‘that your gov rnment did not allow you to
wear foreign ‘decorations. However, if you
can make it right with the English adminis-
tration, you are heartily welcome. Mean-
while you must permit me to give you a cross
of the Legion worn by my uncle the King of
Westphalia.” So saying, the Emperor went
to a drawer, and took outa diamond that
had once glittered on the marshal s uniform
of Jerome. It was handsomely done: grave
as were his faults, Napoleon III. always
showed himself a gentleman.

The Legion of Honor has this agreeable pe-
culiarity, that it is accompanied by pensions
—in the case of military knights. A plain
chevalier receives 250 francs a year, a Grand
Cross 5000. The chancellorship of the order
is a very snug berth indeed. Besides a fine
income, the Chancellor has handsome apart-
ments rent free and ‘‘ perquisites.”” Of course
the post is generally bestowed on an old sol-
dier ; though on the restoration of the Bour-
bons in 1814 it was given to an eminent
clergyman whom it bad been found difficultto
put in any other place. The porter of the
palace caused some amusement by addressing
the abbe, on his official entry, in the set phrase
which he had used toward successive captains
of great fame: ‘* You have only to command,
marshal ; it will be my business to obey.”

There is one other French order of impor-
tance : the military medal. It is of gold, en-
circled in silver, and suspended by a short
ribbon of green and yellow. Coveted almost as
much as the Victoria Cross, its numbers have
been extended so as to include civilians, the
proportion being one of the latter to every
two soldiers or sailors. When Bazaine had
been for some time a Marshal of France and
Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, he re-
ceived the military medal—agraceful compli-
ment, which was meant to indicate that the
cup of bis honors was full, and that there was
nothing left for his imperial master but to
give him the remainder of the lesser decor-
ations.

—_—_—_—_—b A

Fixing Her Bair.

_—

When a girl concludes to put up her hair
and make herself look sweet, the best policy
is to let her have her own way. She can’t
be drawn away from her mirror by any of
the ordinary things of this life. A tire will
sometimes do it, but it has been shown that
even a fire may fail to excite some girls, The
other night a New York lodging-house took
fire, and ata most uncomfortable hour, when
most girls probably have their back hair
down. One of the young ladies heard that
the place was burning down, but she didn’t
feel like making her appearance before the
crowd that had gathered in the street look-
ing like a perfect fright. She shut the door
leading into the hall to keep out the flames
and went to her mirror to fix herhair. Any-
body who has waited for a girl to fix her hair
knows that it takes time and a great deal of
it. This girl wasn’t any quicker than the
average, and she was very particular about
having her hair done up exactly as it should
be. The fire had cut off her chances of
escape by the stairs, and her lover, after
appealing to her for some time, finally lost
his patieuce and got away without her. A
fireman got up to the room on a ladder and
she made him sit on the edge of the window
and wait until she had arranged her hair-
pins and ribbons for a right sort of public ap-
pearance, then she threw herself into his
arms—it was so romantic—and slid down
the ladder with him, looking just sweet.
The whole thing was a tremendous success,
but when the careful young girl was safely
landed on the pavement she found that she
had forgotten her stockings.

Ss

THE Osservatore Romano tells its readers
that, notwithstandiug the terrible trials un-
der which the Irish are now suffering, the
faithful of Cashel, mindful of the needs of
the Holy See, have contributed a sum of
money equivalent to 60,000 francs for their
Archbishop’s present to the Pope.

INTERESTING ITEMS.

Bexerum had no gold coin until 1847.

A GENTLEMAN writes to the London Stand-
ard that catecan be trained to retrieve game
as well as dogsdo. When he takes his gun in
his hand his three cats are in ecstasies in an-
tictpation of sport.

Pror. Lzv1. in lecturing at King’s College,
London, on the value of a good harvest to
trade and manufactures, said that every day
of suushine during forty or fifty days after
July 15, St. Swithin’s day, was worth about
$5,000,000 to the country. ;

AN insane woman at Cleveland laid a little
boy down with his head between two stones,
and placed a heavy timber across his neck in
such a way that he was held fast without
being choked. She left him to die, and he
had almost done so when discovered.

A SOAP-EATING match was a diversion at
ee Ohio. The quickest devourer
of a bar of yellow soap got a prize of $5.
The winner performed the feat in less than
an hour, but was much longer in the hands
of the physician, because the lye poisoned
him.

THAT gigantic floating palace, the Livadia,
made, in passing from Cork to Gibralter,
upward of seventeen miles an hour, while
there was a total absence of any disagree-
able motion, her ‘‘pitch” being but one de-
gree. This may lead toa great change in
ship building.

Tue subcutaneous injection of sulphuric
ether, in three-drop doses, at intervals of 12

hours, is recommended by Dr. Comegys for
the successful treatment of sciatica; and he
also thinks that the substitution of ether for
ergotine in dealing with tic-doloreux would
give good results.

Ozark furnishes another tough Arkansas
story—that White Oak Mountain is fling-
ing out,stones of all sizes up to two poun
in weight, which fall like hail into the fields
and disperse the inhabitants. Were the
stones hot, or were smoke and flames seen,
a volcano might be surmised ; but the affair
is spoken of bke one of simple stone throw-
ing.

Few persons outside of England, where
coursing is one of the national sports, have
any idea of the value of hounds, Ata
recent sale ten dogs brou 7ll guineas,
the highest being sold for 400 guineas and
the lowest 10 guineas. This is not in excess
of former sales, Bedlamite and Peasant Boy,
two well-known hounds, each having brought
500 guineas, and for master es pre
bably the most famous dog ever in
England, his owner,
offered the sum of £4,000.

Sues that will not sink are to be desired
in these times, and an Englishman named

Lamb thinks he has one ina steel steam
launch, which has seven flat air-tight cylin-
ders on each side. ere are some minor
novelties in construction, but there seems to
be no difference in essential principles be-
tween Mr. Lamb’s and the ordinary com-
partment system. This latter might do
better were 1t rigidly kept free, in practice,
from improper use in the stowing of cargo
and surplus material.

Tue bridegroom of a Waukegan weddi
was a Baptist and the Bride a Metaedice
They had agreed that, arrertg | after the
ceremony, they would decide by chance
which should embrace the other’s religion.
The officiating clergyman declined to toss
up a cent, partly because he would not
countenance such a presente: and peasy
because, being a Me st, he might be ac-
cused of fraud ifthe bride won. Tae bride
herself finally threw the coin, and lost.
When she went to join the Baptists, how-
ever, they rejected her because she did not
believe in close communion. That ya
ed the husband, and he went over with her
to the Methodists.

THE other day an Englishman went over
to Ireland to see a friend of his, who is an
Irish landlord. He said that he should like
to meet one of the most ardent ts of
landlords, and his friend referred him to the
village blacksmith, who, he said, was a good
enough fellow, but who, he believed, con-
templated shooting him shortly. To the
forge he betook himself, and the blacksmith
explained the wrongs of Ireland. ‘‘ Are we
not,” he said, ‘‘suffering from absentees
taking from Ireland all the money that we
earn, and do you suppose that we mean to
continue to pay this tribute to the Saxon?”
«* But,” replied the Englshman, ‘“‘ here there
are many resident landlords.” ‘“‘ You are
mistaken,” answered the blacksmith. ‘‘I
know the country, and I tell you that it is

full of absentees.

en ee ee ee ee ee

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Monstrous Hides.

HOW THE SKINS OF THE RHINOCEROS AND BOA-
GONSTRICTOR ARE UTILIZED,

The hides of the bull, bear, cow, calf,
sheep, goat, kid, and even the alligator, for
years past, have been sold in the leather
markets, and are considered the most desir-
able for the manufacture of boots, shoes,
saddlery, harness and other articles for the
general use and wear of both men and beast.
But the ingenuity of this latter day Ameri-
can seems to have no limit. Forests and
jungles of the sunny Eastern hemisphere
have been penetrated in order to satisfy the
wants of fashion and of trade. The hides of
the ponderous, clumsy and ugly rhinoceros
and the treacherous, venomous boa-con-
strictor are now being turned into profitable
account by manufacturers.

The hide of the rhinoceros, being of the
heaviest and thickest description, would ap-
pear to many to be more serviceable for the
manufacture of saddlery and harness, but
this is not the case. Manufacturers and deal-
ers in these articles have discovered this
most endurable leather to be of little use in
their trade, because, owing to its solidity
and thickness, a needle of any power or
sharpness can hardly be made to penetrate
it. Some two months ago a manufacturing
firm tested the durability and usefulness of
rhinoceros hide in the manufacture of a
carriage spring. It was patented, but
rhinoceros leather was in too great demand
to satisfy the supply of these springs, and
only by slow work could orders be furnished ;
then the result of this innovation developed
itself, and the hide of the mighty beast, it
was discovered, could not withstand as
much of wear and tear as the delicate kid, if
made in the same thickness and applied to
the same uses.

The skin was tanned and imported here
by foreign eoncerns, and when placed on sale,
brought very high prices. Its general utility
was not known to a very great extent until
lately. At present the hide of the rhinoceros
is chiefly adapted to the manutacture of jew-
ellers’ buffing wheels, which are required in
making a polish on gold jewellery, like that
brought out in burnishing brass. In Ger-
many and England there are about a dozen
tanneries where the skin of the rhinoceros is
prepared for the market.

The skins are sent to the tanneries direct
from Africa, in some cases by regular hunt-
ing expedition parties. It requires from two
to three years’ time to prepare the hides of
these huge monsters for the leather market.
When the time and cost required are taken
into consideration, the cost of rhinoceros
leather after importation is considerable.

From one whole rhinoceros skin it is esti-
mated that at least 250 pounds can be easily
secured for utilization from the tannery, and
when assorted will, when sold, bring from
$300 to $400. Althoughit takes nearly three
years to prepare one of these hides for the
market, at least 100 cou!d be run through
the process at che same time,

he skins of the boa-constrictors are sup-
plied through the European market, but are
directly brought from the deep forests of
both Asia and Africa. The serpents are
trapped and secured by the slaves of Orien-
tal, Turkish and Egyptian tradespeople, who
have long been supplying the demands of
srake charmer, showmen and stylish dames
and damsels of foreign countries. The
snakes are often worn around the necks and
arms of these people while alive. They
are made harmless by the skill of the
necromaneer or serpent-doctor, who is
honoured for his wonderful powers in
successfully tearing out the fangs and
drawing the deadly poison from these ser-
pents,

Ladies, waist belts and chatelaines are
worn made of the serpents’ skins upon the
strects daily. Such appliances create curio-
sity wherever seen, looking so wild and bar-
barous in their design as to cause doubt as
to their genuineness. They bring good prices.
Card, cigarette and cigar cases and porte-
monuaies are made to order from the same
material, as well as small satchels and shop-
ping bags. In seouring these king serpents
of the forest and jungle, the greatest of

era are encountered.

manner of preparing the skins for the
tannery is of a delicate nature. After the
serpent has been put to death by a means
that will preserve the skin from any injury,
the body is d over to a taxidermist,
who strips the hide as he would the skin
from an eel. The tanner doctors the frail
hide #0 that it becomes perfectly pliable, and
retains all ite natural appearance and colour
asin life, Boa-constrictors, ene @ very
ferocious and dangerous species of serpent,

are also of a very costly order to obtain. In
this country they have heretofore been con-
sidered only in the light of an attractive
feature among many curiosities attached to
a circus, side show, or private or public
museum,

GENERAL.

A MAN committed suicide at Columbia,
Ky., by tying a handkerchief around his
neck and tightening it with a cane.

Tue New-Zealanders are destroying their
forests in a manner so reckless that there is
a fear not only of a scarcity of timber, but
that the climate will soon be changed for the
worse.

Some one has said, what thousands have
observed, there is nothing that keeps longer
than a middling fortune, and nothing melts
away sooner than a great one. Poverty
treads upon the heels of great and unexpect-
ed riches.

Two Texas desperadoes agreed to fight
with knives in a closed room at Fort Worth.
They put up their watches as forfeit, and,
as both had shown reckless dariog in former
affrays, it was believed they fully intended a
deadly duel. They were preventel by
arrest,

A MECHANIC at Beaufort, S. C., intent
upon suicide by drowning, but desirous
that his body should be recovered, fastened
lead to his head and life preservers to his

feet before leaping into the water. So he
was quickly drowned, while his legs
floated.

THE recent earthquake at Lisbon, Portu-
gal, seems tohave caused little damage ; but
it recalls the disastrous one of 1765, by
which that city and about 60,000 people were
destroyed. Severe shocks have also been
experienced lately in other Spanish towns
and in sections of France,

So the Prince of Wales is 39 years of age.
He may be as much again before the Queen
takes it into her head either to die or to re-
sign. Really this longevity trick leaves a
young fellow no show whatever, He is used
up and gouty before he has the slightest op-
portunity of showing what he can do. Well,
well. There is no help for it but patience.
All things come to him who can wait.

RECENTLY Prof. Huxley said that ninety-
nine men out of every hundred became sim-
ply obstructed after sixty years old, and
were not flexible enough to yield to the ad-
vance of new ideas. The world, he thought,
would be benefitted by any man who had
taken part in science being strangled after
sixty. This may be meant for Brother Rus-
kin, who lately wrote to Glasgow students
that he loathed liberalism.

Justice SMITH said, on opening his court
at Connorsville, Tenn.: ‘‘ Well Henry
Smith is arraigned for assaulting his father.”
The magistrate had on the previous day
knocked his father down with a club, and it
was himself that he was now arraigning.
He continued : ‘‘ The evidence is conclusive,
and I’m not sure but I ought to send myself
to jailfor ten days, But, as this is my first
offence, and I certainly,had a good deal of
provocation, I will simply impose a fine cf
ten dollars.”

THE Londonderry Sentinel says: ‘ ‘At all
events, so far as Ulster is concerned, she will
not shirk her duty ; and it will be well for
our rulers to remember, ere too Jate, that if
they leave the loyal and well-disposed people
of Ireland much longer to the mercy of
demagogues and assassins, and the present
reign of terror is allowed to continue, the
men of the north may againke compelled to
seek stronger remedies for the protection of
their lives, property, and liberties-” The
rebellion of 1798 began among the Presby-
terians of Ulster, a circumstance of which
few are aware,

Tat the hardest steel is not the most
durable for railroads appears from an exam-
ination of the wear of some of the steel rails
on the Great Northern line, England. Seven
of the rails, which lay side by side on this
road, were taken up and tested, and it was
found in one instance, that a hard rail had
been worn away one-sixteenth of an inch
by traffic amounting to 5,251,000 tons,
while soft rails for the same amount of wear
had withstood 8,402,000 tons for the hard
rail and 31,061,000 tons for the soft rail, the
wear being the same—one-sixteenth of an
inch, Analysis showed this last rail to con-
sist of 99,475 per cent of iron, and minute
quantities of carbon, phosphorus, silicon,
manganese, sulphur, a, copper,

SES OE

A Rebel Telegrapher.

EXPERIENCE RELATED BY EX-GOV. BULIOCK
OF GEORGIA,

Many times, and in various ways through
life, my practical experience as a telegrapher
has been of valuable service to me. It is,
perhaps, not entirely forgotten that, a few
years ago, there was a “ misunderstanding”
among the politicians, and that ultimately
the able-bodied men on either side made a
good deal of noise about it. Well, I was on
the south side of that noise, and, being patri-
otic but not belligerent, I gave my uniform
to a chap who thought he had an enemy, and
devoted my energies to finding some to serve
the confederacy efficiently that did not at the
same time involve the risk of a stray bullet
depriving the government of my usefulness.
There was quite a number of other patriots
in the express company’s management who
harmonized in my idea ; and, as a natural con-
sequence, we were soon impressed with the
great necessity that existed for the express
company to build and operate telegraph wires
over routes not covered by existing lines.
Several of us were also stockholders in the
American Telegraph company, and when the
noise hitherto spoken of interfered with
‘“gound reading ” between Washington and
Richmond, we felt it to be our duty to take
charge of the lines this side, and we became
the ‘‘Southern Telegraph company,” You
will see that, with all this array of useful-
ness, it would, indeed, be an unwise and
thoughtless, not to say hard-hearted, con-
script officer who would believe it his duty to
send us to the front as musket bearers! If
he could see, as many of them did, the tire-
less industry with which express men devot-
ed themselves to the study of dots and dash-
es—heating a tattoo for freedom on office
desks, car safes, eating-house-tables, in fact
anywhere that would echo the evidence that
they were telegraphers and entitled to exemp-
tion—the certificate of ‘‘detail on telegraph
duty’’ would be sure to come.

To pass the inspection of the conscript off-
cers it was necessary for the traveler to have
‘‘duty orders,” ‘‘ furlough,” ‘‘ exemption pa-
pers,” or a black skin; you can therefore im-
agine the satisfaction a patriot would feel
when he exhibited his detail as a telegraph
operator and knew that he was more likely to
serve his country to the end of the war than
the poor fellow with but one arm or one leg,
traveling home on furlough.

Many of the inconveniences of the early
telegraph days were repeated here during the
war. Insulators were mate of clay with a
glazing. For wire we depended on the uncer-
tainties of blockade-running and the Morris
wire-mill, at Richmond, which turned out only
short lengths, and few of those. Old mag-
nets were rewound and old instruments re-
built. Nitric acid was hardly obtainable, and
substitutes hard to be discovered and used ;
but the wires were kept working and new
lines were rebuilt.

When Gen. Sherman started on his excur-
sion from Atlanta to Richmond, via Savan-
nah, active industries on that route were in-
augurated for telegraphers as well as fighters.
The coast lines were generally abandoned, and
nearly all the business was transmitted over
the express wires.

On the morning of the evacuation of Colum-
bia, I left our office and affairs there in charge
of Mr. Soule, our telegraph operator, and
that night I, being at Gen. Beauregard’s
headquarters, held telegraphic communica-
tions withSoule, he being in Columbia and
within Gen. Sherman’s command. This, I
presume, was the only peaceful communication
ever held by telegraph between the contend-
ing parties during the war, and might, per-
haps, have been less peaceful for Soule and
myself if it had been known to either com-
mander.

Probably the most useful service ever ren-
dered by our telegraph was in transmitting
information of the surrender, and orders from
Gen. Sherman, at Raleigh, to Gen. Wilson, at
Macon, to cease operations, thereby saving
Macon, Augusta, and other places from hos-
tile occupation. The express wires through
the interior part of the country were the only
ones in operation at that time.

SS

In boring for water in the Wimmera dis-
trict, Victoria, recently, a tree was passed
through for 6 feet at a depth of 250 feet, and
the cup brought up several fruit-stones simi-
lar to the nuts of plums ; some were smashed,
but the kernels were recognizable. 1t seem-
ed evident that there was a grove of trees
there.

Money is being so freely contributed for
the purpose of clothing and civilizing be-
nighted Africans that it is becoming profit-
able to go to Africa and be a heathen,

fe

SCIENTIPIC GOSSIP.

Prov. TASMANIA attributes the immediate
cause ot death by hanging to the closing of
the respiratory organs.

Txosz who will smoke cigars would do
well to use a mouthpiece of some kind or
other. It has been ascertained that some of
the ways in which cigars are made are apt to
cause sore mouth of a dangerous and per-
sistent kind by transmitting the poison
which is said to be so prevalent in China as
to be the bane of that country.

Tue lighting of the reading-room of the
British Museum by the Siemens electric
lamp has been resumed for the winter. The
apparatus of the lamps are now fitted above
the arcs; brown japanned reflectors send
the light to the floor, and topaz-colored glass
screens are placed beneath the arc to inter-
cept the blue rays which interfere with the
purity of the light.

Tue electric lamp can prove quite as fatal
as the kerosene lamp, each in its own way,
of course, if people do not take care. Re-
cently one of the men on board the Czar’s
new yacht, the Livadia, was asked to sup-
port an electric lamp for a short time before
it was hoisted into position. In some way
or other he managed to divert the current
from the candle and sent it through his
body, and he died instantly.

EXCELLENT work will no doubt be done in
the near future at the Warner Astronomical
Observatory at Rochester. The telescope—
the third largest in the United States—will
be 23 feet long, and will have a lens 16
inches in diameter. Prof. Swift will have,
with this telescope, a wider field for hls
powers of observation that have proved to
be so fertile under less advantageous cir-
cumstances.

As asimple lecture-room experiment illus-
trating the appearance of ozone when liquids
are evaporated, Dr. R. Boetiger recommends
the following: A piece of paper is evenly
moistened with starch containing iodide of
cadmium. A few drops of alcohol or ether
is ignited. When the flame is extinguished
the paper will be of a decidedly blue color,
from the action of the ozone formed during
the evaporation.

A coMMIssion of 27 members will carry
out the revision of the German ‘* Pharmaco-
peia” at Berlin. Sixteen professors from
various universities, five apothecaries, and
six physicians and surgeons of high standing
in their vocations, make up the commission,
Besides these, the forthcoming work will
have the benefit of the experience of two
military physicians and a military surgeon,
who have been specially selected by the
Prussian War Office. The labors of these
men were commenced fully a fortnight ago,
and the result is expected to be of a very
high quality.

In a recently published paper by Mr. W.
O. Crosby and Mr. G, H. Barton on the
‘* Extension of the Carboniferous Formation
in Massachusetts,” the authors infer that al-
though the Norfolk County basin contains
only beds of the carboniferous age, yet it is
improbable that coal will ever be discovered
in its limits, this narrow trough having be-
come filled with sediments, and converted
into dry land before the deposition of the
true coal measures began, and this later
formed series having been always apparent-
ly restricted to a comparatively small part
of the main or Narragansett basin.

THE people of Sheffield, Engiand, have the
privilegs of using an equatorially mounted
telescope in the Public Museum under the
direction of the curator. Many an ambitious
student in this City would be most thankful
to the man who would provide a like aid here
for the verification of known and the dis-
covcry of new facts. Our intelligent citizens
also would find in it a means of elevating
and stimulating mental pleasure. Weshould
not long be without even a better instru-
ment if some of our rich and thoughtful men
would give the matter their attention.

A PAPER by M. Poirot was read before the
French Academy of Sciences, recently, in
which he alleged that he had never seen
flies, ants, worms, or even scorpions, taran-
tulas, or rattlesnakes in those places in
North America where absinthe plants pre-
vail. He urges the cultivation of the plant
as an insecticide, and especially as a pre-
ventative against the ravages of the phyll-
oxera. There might probably be safety to
the vines, he thinks, if the land were man-
ured with absinthe, as such a course would
tend to interrupt, or prove absolutely fatal
to, the metamorphoses of the phylloxera.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN

AND MILLERS’, MANUFACTURERS’,
AND MINERS’ GAZEITE.

ISSUED SEMI-MONTHLY AT TORONTO, ONT,

A. BEGG, - Proprietor and Editor.

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TORONTO, ONT., NOVEMBER 30, 1880.

Special Notice.

Parties receiving this number of the
LuMBERMAN, who have not yet sent in their
subscriptions, will please do so by return
mail. Our terms are cash in advance, and
the LuMBERMAN can only be sent to paying
subscribers.

— ee

PROSPECTUS.

The CanapA LUMBERMAN is now intro-
duced to its patrons, and so far has met
with a favourable reception.

Before its publication a large number of
lumber and timber merchents and mill
owners in the Provinces of Ontario, Quebec
New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, and
manufacturers whose line is to supply ma-
chinery for mills, saws, axes. files, oil, belt-
ing, sleighs, &c., were consulted in refer-
ence to the advisability of publishing such a
journal.

Their opinion was that such a publication
could be made highly useful to parties en-
gaged in the various branches of trade above
alluded to, as well as to those more directly
interested in the mines and minerals of
Canada.

Acting on their suggestions, THe CANADA
LusmBeRMAN has entered on this extensive
and important field, with an adequate sense
of the responsibility of the undertaking ;
and whilst craving leniency until fairly
under way, we may repeat a portion of our
introductory, viz: nothing shall be wanting
on our part to make this journal a full and
complete record of the lumber business, and
all that relates to the trade in Canada. To
this end the l:test market reports, the con-
tributions of trustworthy correspondents,

trade circulars, etc., will be freely used, to
give our readers the best, the earliest, and
most reliable information that can be ascer-
tained, concerning the important branch of
business to which the journal will be especi-
ally devoted ; while the mining, the milling,
and the manufacturing interests will receive
attention proportionate to their great claims

on the public.

In short, it will be our endeavor to make
Tue LuMBERMAN worthy Of its title in every
respect ; and, while giving special attention
to the great staple industry to which it is
devoted, it will also furnish a carefully se-
lected amount of general reading that wil
make it a welcome visitor in every family,

Advertisers, especially those dealing in
mill, mining, and lumberiog supphes and
machinery, will find Tar LUMBERMANa very
favourable medium of reaching their custom-
ers, as it will circulate among these classes,
and receive more attention from thim than
they have the time or inclination to bestow
on a general newspaper.

The success of the LumMBrERMAN must de>
pend on the support it will receive /rom the
classes above referred to; we trust, there-
fore, that they will overlook shortcomings at
the commencement, and accord tothe ent ers
prise their generous and hearty support,

Wi

SAD MINING DISASTER IN
NOVA SCOTTA.

Oa the 12th of the present month, one of
those terrible disasters, incident to coal
mining operations, took place at Stellarton,
near New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, by the ex-
plosion of the Foord mine, resulting in the
death of some fifty workmen, and wide-
spread misery among the survivors. One
hundred and ten children have been made
fatherless by the sad catastrophe, and
thirty-eight widows are left to mourn the
loss of their husbands. Never before has
such a calamity befallen the mining industry
of our sister Province, and it is earnestly to
be hoped that the searching investigation
now being held, will result in the discovery
of precautionary measures that will render
like calamities impossible in the future. It
is hard, however, to guard against the care-
lessncss of individuals. Men become fool-
hardy by familiarity with danger, and the
rulvs that are devised for their own personal
safety are sometimes disregarded as if they
were tyrannical exactions that ought not to
be borne. For this deplorable state of feel-
ing there is no cure, unless workmen can be
persuaded that their own personal interest
is involved in the due observance of every
rule laid down for the safe working of the
mine, and, perhaps, it would not be mistak-
ed policy on the part of mine owners, to give
their workmen some share in the profits of
the business, In too many instances, the
workman has no interest beyond that of
putting 1n his day’s Jabour, and drawing his
weekly pay. That he should, under such
circumstances, be a careless worker, goes
beyond saying—Why should he care? He
goes down the shaft in the morning; he
comes again at night, and except for those
who are waiting for him at home, he has
no thought beyond getting through his al-
lotted drudgery.

Judging from the names recorded in the
sad list of the dead, the workmen at the
Stellarton mine were largely recruited from
the descendants of the brave sens of Old
Scotia, who settled in such numbers in
our sister Province by the sea, And they
perished with no less heroic bravery than
did many of their ancestors on the gory
battle field. But the touch of glory in this
case was wanting. The stern struggle with
the outraged forces of nature did, indeed,
give every opportunity for the display of
heroism, But no eye was there to witness
it; no pen to embalm it in imperishable
language. Nevertheless, incidents are re-
corded of a deeply touching character, One
man went down and stumbled upon two
bodies—that of a man anda boy. Bravely
he shouldered them—the man first and the
boy afterwards—and brought them to the
top. What was his unspeakable joy when
he found that he had rescued his own father
and his own son ?—for they were both alive!
But suddenly his joy burst into grief as he
bethought him, and cried out in anguish,
“‘my brother Robert is still below, and my
poor mother will break her heart!” Js it
asking too much, that men engaged in such
hazardous’enterprises should be made par-
takers, to a moderate extent, in the profits
of their labour, as distinct from their pittance
of weckly wages? We are sure that the in.
troduction of such a system would vastly
improve the moral tone of the working
miners, and in the end add tothe profits of the
mine owners. Sympathy has been awakened
throughout the Dominion and in the neigh-
bour ng republic for the bereaved families,
and contributions are liberally pouring in.

T..e Foord mine took fire after the explo-
sion and had to be flooded. The water was
admitted at a rate, per day, which will take
months to pump out; so that much time
and loss of capital will be inyolyed before

CANADA LUMBERMAN,

getting the mine into working order. It
has been ascertained that there are twenty-
five widows, nine old persons, and ninety-six
children, below the age of thirteen, making
in all one hundred and thirty peop!e thrown
upon the charity of the world by this terri-
ble catastrophe. The rest of the bereaved
have means to support themselves, but for
those who are in want, it is to be hoped that
a generous public will make no niggard pro-
vision,

THE CALEDON STONE QUAR-
RIES.

Our attention was incidentally called to
what has long been felt to be a want in the
city of Toronto, viz : a supply of good build-
ing stone; that is, stone of good quality,
handsome in appearance, not too hard to
work, and moderate in price. The opening
of the Credit Valley Railway has made ac-
cessible the excellent freestone quarries of
Caledon, at a comparatively short distance
fron: To:onto, and capable of supplying any
quantity of either red or white stone, at
about one halt the price of Ohio stone. The
quarries are owned—oue by K, Chisholm,
E q., local member for the county, and the
other by Mr. Joseph Pattullo, of Orange-
ville, and Dr, Pattullo and Judge Scott of
Brampton. Those three latter named en-
terprising gentlemen have formed them-
selves inte a company, called the Credit
Forks Stone Co., with Mr. J. A. McIntosh,
as mapager, for the purpose of developing
their quarry. Several orders are now being
filled, and it is expected that a large trade
will be carried on by the Stone Company
aud by Mr. Chisholm, in this superior build-
ing material. It would be a great conveni-
ence were a depot established near the City
of Toronto, where supplies could be obtained
as required, by builders. So far, sales have
been made at the quarries, f. o, b. the price
ranging from $6 to $54, per car load—two
cords of 128 feet of rubble, or 160 cubic feet
of dimension stone making a car load. Those
quarries will prove a source of great revenue
to the Credit Valley Ruilroad as the trade
increases, as it undoubtedly will, when the
superior quality of the stone becomes better
kuown. Shipments have already been
made to London, Woodstock, Fergus,
Orangeville, and Hamilton; and in Toronto
the new Baptist College, on Bloor street,
is to be built of the Caledon stone, In
Brampton, the Presbyterian Church just
finished, is built of this stone, and
the blending of the red and white lay-
ers gives the stately edifice a lively and
handsome appearance. Blocks varying from
three feet thick, by six feet square, have
been taken out for engine beds, and larger
blocks might be got if required.

The locality is well supplied with water
power. Mr. Chisholm, who owns several
hundred acres in that section, has erected a
woollen factory and a saw mill near the
*©Credit Forks,” and it is said that this is
one of the few points where a paper manu-
factory could be profitably established, as
any quantity of wood suitable for making
paper, could ba obtained in the vicinity,
within easy translt by rail of any part of the
Dominion. This is one of the most healthy
sections in Outario, being the highest point
of land in the Province, between Lakes Hu-
ron and Ontario, The River is well sup-
plied with speckled trout, and we understand
it is contemplated by the enterprising and in-
defatigable manager of the Credit Valley Rail-
way, tomake this romantic neighbourhood

one of the most attractive places of summer
resort for tourists and pleasure and health
seekers to be found in the Dominion.

Mr. Church, of Cataract, is the owner of a
tract of land not far from the quarries above
referred to, but we have not learned the
particulars as yet respecting those quarries
on his land,

OUR QUEBEC LETTER.

NAVIGATION CLOSED—TIMBER IN THE COVES—
A LULL IN THE TRADE—NO CHANGE IN
PRICES—MILLING NOTES—MINING LNTEL-
LIGENCE—NEWS FROM THE GOLD MINES
OF BEAUCE.

Quesec, Nov. 22.—The season of naviga-
tiou may now be said to be closed, and the
Allan Mail Steamship which sails from this
port on Saturday next, will leave behind ita
deserted harbour. But one solitary timber
vessel now remains, and with her itis nota
matter of choice to be still here, but of ne-
cessity. The ‘‘ Bridgewater,” with a cargo
of lumber on board, has been detained by a
number of suits in the Vice-Admiralty
Court, arising from quarrels between the
captain, the owner and the crew. Toadd to
the troubles of the owner, the captain and
crew have left hisservice at the last moment,
and in the westerly gale of yesterday morn-
ing, the vessel went ashore at Burstall’s
Booms. Ifthe ‘‘ Bridgewater” gets to sea
at all this Fall, her owner may consider him-
self a lucky man.

TIMBER IN THE COVES.

After all that has been said and anticipat-
ed about the small stocks that would win-
ter at this port, it appears that the amount
in the Coves is considerably more than had
been calculated. This is to be accounted
for mainly by the fact that the Fall fleet
was much smaller than was expected. The
principal portion of the stocks now winter-
ing here, would have been shipped ere this,
had vessels offered. Three rafts of square
white pine are all that are held in the Quebec
Coves in first hands this winter.

A LULL,

There is necessarily just now quite a lul
in the timber trade. Nothing is offering,
and there is no demand in the local market.
Merchants are closing their accounts for the
season, and taking stock in their Coves. It
is impossible, at present writing, to form
any calculation of the stocks wintering in
the various Coves. Estimates will shortly
be made however, and the readers of the
‘‘LuMBERMAN ” will be kept posted. As
there are no transactions, there arein conse-
queace no changes to report in the prices.
These may be set down as similar to those
reported in my last letter.

OPERATIONS IN THE WOODS,

It is impossible just now to form an accur-
ate idea of operations in the woods. By
about Christmas, however, merchants, brok-
ers and cullers will have some estimate of
the probable make of the season. Our mer-
chants at home, or the correspondents of
such as remain on this side, will also by that
time be in a position to judge of next year's
prospects, and we may expect to hear of
further large sales for future delivery.

MILLING NOTES.

The Montmorenci and other mills in this
district, have as much as they can possibly
do, and will work full time all winter. It is
said of the Montmorenci mills in particular
that their entire winter’s cut has been al-
ready sold.

Quite a local demand for lumber has arisen
in the old per district of — _ In
order to supply the requirements i
of the country, Mr. Louis Gendreau, orlart
himself largely interested in mining lands,
is erecting at Jersey Point, St. George, on
the Chaudiere river, a very extensive steam
saw mill, the necessary machinery for which
has been recently purchased in Montreal.

: The mill will be in working order before the
winter is over, and Mr, Gendreau is now
getting out 25,000 to 30,000 pine and spruce
logs for next summer’s cutting.

MINING INTELLIGENCE.

The Mr, Gendreau above alluded to has
just cone’uded the sale to a New York capi-
talist for $6,000, of some 51 acres of gold
lands forming the principal part of Lot No,
15 of the De Lery Concession on the Gilbert
river, Beauce.

The Beauce Gold Mining and Milling Co.

‘|is working the adjoining Lot, No. 14, De

Lery Range, on a large scale, the Saperin-
tendent being Mr. Walter J. Smart. The
differences which have existed for some time
past between this company and Mr. Lyon-
ais, who sold them the rights upon which
they are now working, have been amicabiy
arranged.

Lot No. 13 De Lery Concession is worked
by Mr. J. Ainsworth. The last few wash-
ings on the works of this property are said
to have shown an average yield of $200 a
day,—being the produce of the work of 35
men. One of the men found a nugget a few
days ago, weighing four ounces, and worth
somewhere about $80.

The preparations in that part of the
county give promise of very large operations
for next year. It is believed that in the
spring, over 1,000 miners will find employ-
ment in Beauce. A few days ago, informa-
tion was received here that a new company,
to be called the Boston & Chaudiere Mining
Co., had been established in Boston, with a
capital of half a million dollars, the whole
of which was subscribed in the space of a few
hours. Some of the English companies
operating in the diggings profess to suffer in
their work from the severity of the restric-
tions imposed by the recent Provincial Act
relating to mines, and one of their represen-
tatives is actually at Ottawa, for the purpose
of inducing the Federal Government, if
possible, to declare the whole of the legisla-
tion in question, ultra vires,

Great inconvenience is also experienced in
the lack of telegraphic communication be
tween St. Joseph and Jersey Point. The
enterprise necessary to construct this short
line would be richly rewarded. The princi-
pal miners of the district have even offered
to supply the necessary poles. Which of
the Canadian telegraph companies will take
the matter in hand?

' STADACONA.
— SS SO

New Brunswick.

Canada is so extensive that the inhabi-
tants of one portion of it may not have much
acquaintance with other portions. The
following extracts from a pamphlet recently
published by the Hon. Mr. Adams, Survey-
or-General of New Brunswick, will convey
much information respecting that Province,
Mr. Adams says :—

The Province of New Brunswick, one of
the eight Provinces of the Dominion of
Canada, 1s bounded on the North by the
Province of Quebec, the Restigouche River
and Baie des Chaleurs ; on the East by the
Gulf of St. Lawrence and Northumberland
Strait, which divides it from Prince Edward
Island ; on the South by a small portion of
the Province of Nova Scotia, Chignecto
Bay and the Buy of Fundy; on the West
by the River St. Croix and the State of
Maine in the United States of America.

The area of New Brunswick as given by

7 the Census of 1870-1 is 17,393,410 acres, or
about 27,177 square miles. The greatest
length of New Brunswick is from Worth to

: South, a distance of about 230 miles, and
the greatest width is about 190 miles, with
a sea-board of some 545 miles,

a! __ The population in 1861 was 252,047, and

‘ in 1871 it reached 285,777, showing an in-

a crease in ten years of 33,730. At the pres-

ent time (1879) it would probably reach
something over 310,000.

The quantity of land already granted or
located by the ar io x given oP 9.753, 804-
acres, and vacan nds at 7,639,606,
3lst Oct., 1878. s44

PRINCIPAL TOWNS.

: Saint John, situated on the mouth of the
> River Saint John. It is the Commercial
A Capital of New Brunswick, and has a popu-

lation of about 45,000, including the town ot
Portland. It does an immense shipping
business with foreign and local markets, and
is largely engaged in manufactures of many
kinds. Its harbour may be reckoned among
the finest on the Continent, and is open dur-
ing all seasons of the year. As a shipping
port Saint John ranks fourth in the British
pire.
_ Fredericton, the\Capital of New Brunswick
is situated on the south-west bank of the
River Saint John, about ninety miles above
the City of Saint John. Its streets run at
nt angles, and are adorned with trees,
add greatly to its appearance during
the summer and autumn months, The
House of Assembly, Government House,and
the different Departmental offices, the Uni-
versity of Néw Brunswick (formerly King’s
ee the Provincial Normal School
are here. Considerable trade in

THE OANADA

lumber is done here, principally in deals’ | cepting the Miramichi, emptying into the| Province may be

shingles, clap-boards, railway sleepers, ete,
The population may be estimated at about
7,000.

Among the other towns of the Province
may be mentioned the following, varying in
population from 1,000 to 3,000 or more :—

In Restigouche County, Dalhousie and
Campbellton ; Gloucester County, Bathurst
and Caraquet; Northumberland County,
Newcastle, Chatham, Douglastown, Nelson,
Blackville, Boiestown and Doaktown; Kent
County, Richibucto, Buctouche, Kingston;
Westmorland County, Moncton, Shediac,
Sackville and Dorchester ; Albert County,
Hopewell and Hillsborough; Charlotte
County, St. Stephen and St. Andrews ;
Carleton County, Woodstock; Victoria
County, Grand Falls and Andover ; Mada-
waska County, Edmundston ; King’s County,
Hampton, Kingston, Sussex, Rothsay ;
Queen’s County, Gagetown ; Sunbury Coun-
ty, Oromocto,

PRINCIPAL RIVERS,

The Saint John, Miramichi, Restigouche,
Saint Croix, Petitcodiac, Richibucto and
Nepisiguit are the principal Rivers, but the
whole face of the Province is intersected
with Rivers of different magnitude.

State of Maine, between 450 and 500 miles
from the sea, For some distance it forms
the boundary between Maineand New Bruns-
wick, and after running through the Coun-
ties of Madawaska, Victoria Carleton, York,
Sunbury, Queen’s, King’s and Saint John, N.
B., it discharges itself intothe Bay of Hun-
dy. .t is navigable for large vessels from
Saint John to Fredericton, a distance of
ninety miles, but shallow bottom steamers
ply as far as Woodstock, and boats run to
Grand Falls during rainy seasons. Itis a
highway of trade during the summer months
for crafts of many kinds, which on the down
trips bring deals, shingles, clap-boards, etc.,
to market, and on the up trips articles for
the use of farmers on the river sides. Large
quantities of fish, including salmon, shad
bass and sturgeon, are caught all along the
river,

SCENERY, ETC. Wide intervals lie along
this river, the soil of which is very fertile.
The scenery is of the most magnificent de-
scription, ever varying in freshness and
beauty. Large quantities of lumber, cut on
the river and its tribntaries, are driven in
rafts, in spring, down the river to Saint
John.

The Miramichi takes its rise in the Coun-
ty of Carleton and runs easterly to and
through York and Northumberland Coun-
ties, and empties into the Gulfof Saint Law-
rence. Immense quantities of lumber are
driven down this river to supply the many
milling establishments along its banks, some
of which are the finestin the Province. Its
lumber exports are only exceeded in New
Brunswick by that of Saint John. It is navi-
gable for vessels of the largest class from its
mouth to Nelson,a distance of forty-six miles,
Its natural manufacturing facilities are excel-
lent, and their value is greatly increased by
having at Newcastle a deep water terminus
of the Intercolonial Railway, and the Chat-
ham Branch Railway, intersecting the In-
tercolonial Railway at Nelson, affording in-
ter-communication and connection with the
outside world. During the spring and fall
freshets steamers ply with little difficulty on
the South West Branch, a distance of fifty
miles above Newcastle, aud on the North
West Branch to Red Bank, as also to the
mouth of the River at all seasons of the year.
The branches of the Miramichi extend over
and drain fully one quarter of the Province.
It is noted for its fisheries : Salmon, Lobster,
Trout, Bass, Smelt, etc,, are exported in
enormous quantities to Great Britain, Unit-
ed States and elsewhere during the whole

ear,

4 The Restigouche for a considerable dis-
tance forms the northern boundary of the
Province (which it divides from Quebec) and
discharges into Baie des Chaleurs. Much
lumber is also cut and driven on this river.
The harbor affords security to all vessels, for
its depth of water and safety of anchorage.

The Saint Croix divides the State of
Maine from the Province of New Brunswick
at its south western part. Its sources is a
chain of large lakes called the Cheputnecti-
cook Lakes, A smaJ] steamer runs for twen-
ty-four miles on these lakes up to Prince-
town. Considerable lumber is still cut in
the vicinity of the river, but the largest part
has been culled some time since.

The Petitcodiac discharges into the She-
pody Bay, at the head of the Bay of Fundy,
after running through the fertile and grass-
one Counties cf Westmorland and Al-

ert.
The Richibucto, is the largest river, ex-

7

The River Saint John takes i's rise in the |-

LUMBERMAN.

Gulf of Saint Lawrence.

The Nepisiguit takes its rise on North-
umberland County, near the head waters of
the Tobique River, a branch of the River
Saint John. It runs easterly and northerly
and discharges into Baie deg Chaleurs. It
is not navigable for large vessels. Tourists
visit its waters every summer to fish with
the fly for salmon. The Pabineau Falls, |
nine miles from ita mouth, and the Grand |
Falls, twelve miles farther up the river, are |
noted for their rugged beauty and pictures-
que surroundings.

The Baie des Chaleurs abounds in Mack- |
erel, Salmon, Cod and Lobsters. There are
a number of factories for packing Lobsters |
along its shores.

FORESTS.

The forests abound with a large variety of
trees. Among the principal growths may
mentioned the Spruce, Pine, Brch, Beech,
Maple, Tamarac, Hemlock and Cedar.

The Spruce tree is now the most valuable
of all the varieties, teing the most plentiful,
and most extensively used in slip building.
It is also frem this tree that tke prinzipal
part of the sawn lumber exported from the
Province is manufactured,

The Pine tree, of which there are several
varieties, was in former years very plenti-
ful, but is now comparatively scarce, It is
a much finer wood than the Spruce, and the
lumber manufactured from it is much sought
after, from the ease with which it can be
worked and from the beautifully smooth
finish it takes. It is used to a great extent
tor the trimmings of buildings and some-
times for furnitnre,

The Birch is largely used in chip building,
but when exported is generally in the form
of what is called square or ton timber,

Tamarac is used in the numerous ship
yards for knees, frame work, plank, tree
nails, etc. It is a comparatively scarce
wood.

Hemlock is principally cut for its bark,
which is used in the many tanneries
throughout the Province in the manufacture
of leather. At present there is a great de-
mand for this bark, and unless more strin-
gent measures be used for the preservation
of this valuable tree, before many years the
supply will be exhausted. The lumber cut
from this tree is now coming into more
general use than formerly, being used for
the imner covering of buildings. 1t lasts
well under water and is therefore used for
wharves, etc. It is also much used for
stable floors.

Beech, Maple, Cedar and other varieties
of trees grow in the forests, but are not of
sufficient commercial value to be noticed.

RAILWAYS.

There are a number of Railway lines in
the Province. Beginning at Saint John, the
railway centre, and going North and East,
we have the Intercolonial Railway running
to Moncton and thence to Halifax, in Nova

Scotia. From Moncton a branch line runs
to Shediac, while the main Intercolonial
Railway runs North from Moncton through
the Counties of Westmoreland, Kent, North-
umberland, Gloucester and Restigouche,
crossing the Restigouche River, the northern
boundary of the Province, at Metapedia and
thence to the City of Qucbec.

The Chatham Branch line connects Chat-
ham with the Intercolonial Railway at
Chatham Junction, six miles from Newcastle.
Another Branch line connects Salisbury, in
Westmoreland County, with Hopewell, in
Albert County; another runs from Petti-
codiac Station to Elgiv, Albert County, both
feeders of the Intercolonfal Railway.

Returning to Saint John, and going west-
ward, is the Saint John and Maine Railway,
connecting Saint John and Bangor, State of
Maine, crossing the Western boundary of
the Province at Vanceborough.

Another line cajled the New Brunswick
and Canada Railway runs from Woodstock,
Carleton Connty, to St. Andrews and St.
Stephen, in Charlotte County, and crosses
the Saint John and Maine Railway at Mc-
Adam Junction.

The New Brunswick Railway starts at
Gibson, on the North-east side of the River
Saint John, opposite Fredericton, and runs
to Edmundston in Madawaska County. It
has a branch running into Woodstock from
Woodstock Junction, and another running
from the mouth of the Tobique River to
Caribou, in the State of Maine.

The St. Martins’ and Upham Railway
runs from Hampton Station, Intercolonial
Railway, to Quaco, on the shore of the Bay
of Fundy, in Saint John County.

Other lines are in course cf construction,
but not yet completed.

An idea of the Railway facilities of the

i)
thus summarized :-—A
traveller may leave Edmundston, in the
North-Western portion of the Province,
travel South and East to Fredericton, South

and East to Saint John, East, North and
West to Campbellton or Dalhousie, in Resti-
gouche County, thus making an almost en-
tire circuit of the Vrovince, and within

| about forty hours of the time of et arting

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.

The soil of New Brunewick is capable of

producing great quantities of grain and
fruits, as well ag root crope. Hay is grown
in abundance on the “‘intervales” or low
lands, and the yield on the high lands is
from one to three tons per acre. Wheat,

oats, buckwheat, rye, barley and flax grow
well in the country. Potatoes, turnips,
beets, carrots, parsnips, celery, lettuce, cab-
bage, cucumbers, pumpkins, equashes, etc.
thrive in all parte. Apples, plums, cher-
ries, goose-berries and currants the
common fruit crops, but strawberries, and
raspberries are also common.

are

-+@+4-

Hamilton.

Basiness continues brisk in the city. The
cold wave of last week interfered consider-
ably with contractors who had not quite
finished their outside work, which, howev-
Some fine
buildings have been erected this season—one
of the best—the Hamilton Provident and
Loan, has b2en bailt by Mr. Robert Chis-
holm, who, has maintained in the style and
finish of this building, his former reputation

er, is generally about completed.

as a reliable contractor. The building is

faced with Ohio freeestone,and the sculpture
and mouldings are of the best workman-
ship. Two columns of polished Canadian
red granite, 13 feet high and twenty inches
in diameter ornament the main entrancs,
and support the ‘‘ royal arms,” which are
beautifuily sculptured. The wood work is
of the best description and expensive, as the
walnut used cost from $100t» $110 per M,
and the butternut from $25 to $30 per M.
Machine shops and foundries have plenty
of work in hand as may be seen from the
fo\lowing, which is ordered and under con-
struction in the works of J. H. Killey & Co. :
Steam road roller, 1§ tons, for Brockville,
Ont. ; stone breaker, 8 tons, for same
place; 40 horse-power engine, boiler
and machinery for the new cotton factory,
Hamilton; also finishing engine, boiler,
machinery and elevator for the sime ; one 30
horse power engine, boiler and machinery for
Winnipeg, Manitoba; one 40 horse power
engine, Stephens, Turner & Burns, London;
one 65 horse power engine for Mr. Fenwick’s
Mills, Exeter ; one largenew steam machine
for the extension of Messrs, Campbell's sew-
er pipe factory, the machine will weigh five
tons; new mill machinery for Bow Park
farm ; four steam blast apparatus for burn-
ing inferior fuel ; one 25 horse power boiler
for Law & Co.’s tannery, Port Dover ; engine
and shafting for Mr. Fearman’s new factery,
Hamilton.

Se

Muskoka.

On the Ist inst., Wm. Robinson, employed
in Dollar’s lumber camp, Brunel, met with
an accident which resulted fatally. A fall
ing pine struck a dry hemlock, which latter
fell at right angles to the pine, striking Rob-
inson, who had believed himself to have
been at a safe distance. The thigh bone near
the hip was crushed, and internal injuries

sustained, from which he died a few hours
after.

Considerable interest has been taken in
the case of Jsaac Cockburn vs. M. Brennan,
tried recently at the Barrie Assizes. Peter
Cockburn obtained from defendant by deed
all the pine timber on lot 1, con. 6, Brunel
Township, Muskoka, that would make saw
logs and merchantable dressed timber, and
it was covenanted that he should have access
to the land to cut the timber. for four years
from 1876. Peter Cockburn conveyed the
same to John Donaldson who transferred his
interest to the plaintiff. Defendant, how-
ever, resold the timber to afthird peron, by
whom the same was removed. The plain-
tiff accordingly sued for $500. The Judge
assessed the damages at $318.

—Up to 24th Nov. Halifax had subscribed
$3,200 and Montreal $4,000 for the relief of
the Stellarton mine sufferers.

10

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

HON. WM. MEMASTER.

Honourable in More Than thc |
Mere Name.

A PRINCE AMONG MERCHANTS. ,

The Result of Industry, Energy, and
Uprightness.

SUCCESSFUL IN BUSINHSS.

A Farsighted Financier and Good UCiti- |
zen—A Life Crowned with Good
Works.

(From the Toronto Truth.)

Among the merchant princes of Canada,
the Hon. William McMaster occupies a
foremost place, and the simple record of his
life may well read a lesson to all young
men and encourage them in a course of |
well-doing, There has been nothing very
extraordinary in Mr. McMaster’s history,
just as thereis nothing overshadowingly great
in his original powers of mind, or anything
out of the common in his very successful
and honourable career. No young man need
say that the circumstances of Mr. Mce-
Master’s lot were so exceptionally favour-
able, or that his abilities were so entirely
above the ordinary that few could hope to
follow in his steps, or to look for anything
like his splendid commercial success. On
the contrary, there is nothing about the
Honourable Senator’s character, acquire-
ments and prosperity which might discourage
the young and aspiring ; but something very
much the reverse. Mr. McMaster

HAD TO PUSH HIS WAY

with few advantages. No extraordinary
help and no exceptionally lucky turns of
fortune. It could not be said that he owed
anything to what some would call a mere
fortunate chance, or that he took advantage
of some special opportunity which, if once
neglected would never again have presented
itself. The secret of his success has been in
steady, energetic work, prudent management
and skilful attention to all the minute
details of business. He has left nothing to
chance, has never depended on something
turning up, or reckoned upon others going
out of their way to help him when he knew
that he could help himself. Prudence, tact,
energy and skilful management account for
all that he has accomplished.

NOT FORGETTING THE BLESSING OF GOD,

which he would himself be the first to ac-
knowledge, and to which he would be the
readiest to ascribe all he is and all he has
achieved.

A native of Ireland, where he was born in
1811, Mr. McMaster came to Canada when
twenty-two years of age, and immediately
set himself to the work which he has ever
since so successfully prosecuted. His edu-
cational advantages had not been very many
or very great, but he had made the best and
most of them, and, full of youthful energy
and hopefulness he entered upon commercial |
work,

RESOLVED TO SUCCEED,
but only by legitimate means, and in regu-
lar honourable undertakings. He was at
first engaged as clerk in a dry goods store
on King, nearly opposite Toronto street,
but he could not long remain in that position,
Within a year after his settling in Toronto |
he had become
A PARTNER IN THE CONCERN,

and very shortly after, had started as a
wholesale merchant on his own account. At)
first, of course, he had very considerable
difficulties to contend with. Montreal was
the great distributing centre for Canada, and |

continued to be so for many years after.
The merchants there had all the advantage
arising from an established trade and settled
business facilities, and it is not saying too
much to add that they looked with no
favourable eye upon any such attempts as
that of Mr. McMaster which aimed at mak-
ing Toronto, not Montreal, the great whole-
sale centre for the West of Canada. The
covert jealousy and keen competition of
Montreal, however, only stimulated a man
like Mr. McMaster to greater exertion and
made him the more

DETERMINED TO SUCCEED AT ALL HA@ARDS.

He turned the peculiar advantages of Toronto
to the best account ; made it worth while for
the merchants of the West to deal with him,
and soon established a large and even grow-
ing connection, which for many years, firat
under himself and thereafter under his
nephews, whom he had taken into partner-
ship and who have carried on the business
since he retired, has been among the largest
and best known in all the Province of
Ontario if not in the whole of Canada,

Very homely yet not so very common in-
strumentalities have been employed to build
up and maintain the large and lucrative
business. They may be all summued up in
fair dealing, prudent management, untiring
energy, courteous conductand watchful atten-
tion to the smallest details, Mr. McMaster
has never had any faith in sharp practice,
questionable pretences or more than ques-
tionable make-believes. He established a
character for fair, honourable dealing, kept
the best of goods, gave the best terms which
were prudently possible, and watched every
opportunity for honourably pushing his busi-
ness and profiting by the changing chances of
the market. His customers learned to rely
upon him, His name rose for

UPRIGHT AND HONORABLE DEALING,
and, within a comparatively short time his
transactions extended over the whole coun-
try, and were, as such transactions ought
always to be, mutually advantageous to all
concerned. What the firm was, in the
days when Mr. McMaster was at its head,
it still continues to be, occupying to this
day a foremost place among the many es-
tablishments of this kind now to be found
in Toroato,and is, we believe doing if not the
very largest business in its particular de-
partment, one of the safest and most lucra-
tive.

Aman of Mr, McMaster’s energy could
not remain idle, even after he had no special
call to exertion. It is now many years since
he entirely retired from the Dry Goods busi-
ness and found himself so far, a gentleman at
large. Instead, however, of his business life
closing when a respectable competency had
been secured, it may be said that it only
then really commenced. He has since made
himself a still greater name and power in
the realm of Hinance ,than ever he was in
that of Commerce. «As director of various
banks and other monetary institutions he
has shown

THE SAME SOUNDNESS OF JUDGMENT
and caution, combined with enterprise,
which gave him success in his original occu-
pation. No undertaking with which he has
been connected, has failed to rep large and
satisfactory benefits from his wise and care-
ful administration. But it has been in con-
nection with the Bank of Commerce that
his peculiar abilities have had chief scope,
and have achieved their greatest success.
That large and flourishing enterprise, may
be said toowe almost all its prosperity to-
the untiring attention, admirable business
habits, enlarged experience, and keen dis-
cernment of its President. It has been his
favourite work, and he has reaped special
zelebrity and profit from his connection with
it from the beginning. Indeed, there is no
institution in Canada,—we had almost said

—or on the Continent, whose history and
success are so intimately connected with
one man’s name, and which are known so
generally as having {become what they are
through the skilful management and un-
domitable energy of a solitary individual.

The Bank of Commerce will not go down
when Mr. McMaster dies, but it is safe to
say, that, but for him, it would never have
occupied the position of prominence and
power which it holds at present.

But it is not merely—we had almost said
not chiefly—upon his success as a business
man, that Mr. McMaster’s wide spread re
putation throughout the Dominion, rests.
He has never been a very ardent or promi-
nent politician, though, in the course he has
followed as such, he has always displayed
the same sound judgment, and unimpeach-
able integrity. As a public spirited citizen,
however, an ardent christian, and an en-
lightened philanthropist, Mr. McMaster is
most widely and most favourably known.

He has in many different ways sought the
good of the land in which he lives, and in
which he has achieved his great success,
Toronto has benefited in many respects from
his labours, and the religions denomination
of which he is a member has long received
from him munificent and and sustained as-
sistance in all its varied enterprises for the
advancement of the cause of Christ. What
he did in connection with the building of

JARVIS STREET BAPTIST CHURCH

is well known. We should suppose that
forty or fifty thousand dollars would not
fully represent all he gave in money alone,
besides the trouble and personal effort he
cheerfully expended in the course of the
work, His efforts for the upbuilding of the
Literary Institute at Woodstock have been
on a similar scale of enlightened munificence,
while his last undertaking in erecting the
splendid buildings in the Queen’s Park fot
the Baptist Theological Seminary, and, in
so far endowing it, also will likely throw all
his previous efforts into the shade, It is
well that Canada has such men,—men who
have abundance of means and at the same
time hearts to use them for

HIGH AND PERMANENTLY USEFUL PURPOSES,

men who do not hold on to their gold with

death-like tenacity till the great king of
terrors makes them unloose their grasp, but
who take pleasure in so far being their own

executors and in having the joy of seeing in
their life time the blessed fruits of their wise
arrangements and unstinted liberality.

‘Lhe
amount of happiness which Mr. McMaster
must derive from such undertakings cannot
but be very great, and such as, if that were

allowable in any case, onlookers might well

regard with something like envy. What a
contrast in every respect his career and his
reward, even in mere personal pleasure,
compared with what those can have who give
themselves up to mere selfish accumulation,
and whogive way to that kindof pride, which
one hassaid, ‘‘raises the loudest laugh in hell,’
the pride of dying rich. Mr, McMasteris a
modest as well as a wealthy man, and can
ill stand to have his good deeds blazoned
before the public. He is one, however,
whom his fellow citizens delight to honour,
and whom young men may safely copy. He
is not a man of genius, and cannot even be
said to be a man of any very distinguished
abilities. But he has great good sense,
large practical wisdom, indomitable perse-
verance, shrewd discernment of character,
unswerving integrity and genuine,
UNOSTENTATIOUS PIETY.

No one envies him his success for he bears
himself with modesty and uses his wealth
for high and honourable purposes. That he
may be long spared in a green old age to en-
joy the fruit of his labours, to devise liberal
things for the good of the race, and to still
further help forward the cause of truth and

righteousness on the earth, is the cordial
wish not only of TrurTH, but of all to whom
the interests of the truth are dear. The ac-
cumulation of a very large amount of pro-
perty in the hands of single individuals is
not at all a desirable thing, though it is not
easy to see how it is to be prevented so long
a8 some are industrious and shrewd, and
others are improvident and wasteful, as well
as idle and foolish. But if there were more
of those generally spoken of as successful,
who would follow a course somewhat similar
to that of Mr. McMaster, their prosperity
would be less envied, and their meaner char-
acteristics less remarked upon. We havein
this new country not many who could, if
they were willing, expend their means on
such a scale of princely munificence as Mr,
McMaster has done, and is doing. We have
still fewer who are willing to do this, even
though they could. That the number of
such will increase we sincerely hope, and
that all of them will receive as much honour
and derive as much unalloyed pleasure as
Mr. McMaster has done we most fully be-
lieve. The great heart of the people is after
all not very far from being just. It is true
now, as it always has been, thatif a man
will only persist in doing what is right and
fair and true, right will continually be done
to him in return.
a
Kings 1n Exile.

Tne Duc d’Aoste, the whilom King of
Spain, is staying at Venice, where he de
lights the boatmen and fishermen of the Lido
by his wondrous performances as a swim-
mer. They say he is the most accomplished
master of the art in Europe, excelling most
particularly asa diver. He now then
astonishes the gondoliers by throwing intoa
gondola the broad straw hat he always wears
to shield his face from the sun, as he lies up-
on the surface of the water ; then, diving be-
low, comes out on the other side, snatches
the hat, places it on his head in, and re-
mains stiff and motionless as before. The
ex-King and Queen of Naples are staying at
Benzeval, in Normandy, living the most

uiet and unobtrusive life possible, The
Guan who possesses the same love of riding
on horseback as her sister, may been seen in
the early morning cantering g the sands
on one of the ponies belonging to the place,
without any other attendance than that of a
lady friend who has accompanied her maj
ty throughout all her troubles and mi
tunes. The Queen still preserves a,
ful ap ce, and the easy J which once
formed the theme of many a Neapolitan im-
provisatore’s spontaneous effusions as she

sed through the streets of Naples. The

ing, on the con , has grown stout and
heavy, moves with difficulty, and remains all
day seated on the plage, content to breathe
the sea air, and evidently enjoying the quiet
of the place ; sometimes he strolls along the
public walk, leaning heavily on his cane, and
supported on the arm of his friend, the Count
dela Torre, but he seldom takes a drive be-
yond the limits of Benezeval, and never rides
on horseback.

The crisis in Ireland may issue,at any mo-
ment, in bloodshed. Itis nonsense to say
that it willend in civil war. It will do no-
thing of the kind. It is terrible to think
how unreasonable and absurd some people
cau be. What possible claim can the tenant
farmers of Ireland have, to be made owners

-in fee simple of their different hoidings, and

that at the expense either of the present
landlords, or of the general public of the
three Kingdoms ; while the first thing to be
done by the new race of land owners, is to
cut Ireland adrift from those who have paid
the heavy end of the purchase money, and
allow them not even consideration the
liberality they have shown? It seems
funnily absurd. And what right has aman
that ploughs to be made a freeholder, any
more than a man that smites the anvil, or a
woman that spins? And then to think that
when they have got a Government that is
pledged to, and eager for legislative amelior-
ation all round these pig-headed fellows,
should by the grand rows > ings kicking
up, making it impossible for that very Gov-
ernment to look at measures of reform as
long as it has to strain every nerve in the
first place for the maintainance of the peace,
If it were not to be thought offensive,
TrvrH would say that it was immensely
Irish all over.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN

1}

QUEER HAPPENINGS.

cows AS A STORM GUAGE—SPIDERS FOR COM-
PANIONS—A MIGHTY QUEER WATER-
MELON.

THERE is a young mother in Portland,
Oregon, whose age is but 12, weight 85, yet
her infant son weighed nine pounds at its
birth,

A LArcE bird at Keokuk, Iowa, darted
swiftly downward in its flight, and striking
a lightning rod, the iron run through its
body, and it remained impaled, fluttering
and struggling until death came.

A woman in Marshall County, Kansas,
who is enjoying her fifth husband, lost her
first two by hanging through vigilance com-
mittees, a third was sent to the penitentiary,
and the fourth committed suicide.

As Jared Dingman was shaking $1,500 in
gold under the nose of a steam tug owner in
the Detroit river, endeavouring to tempt him
to take that amount for his bout, the tug
struck a steamer and the glittering gold was
the property of the fishes,

A WIscoNSIN cow with a persistent cough
that baffled the skill of a veterinary surgeon
to cure, died, and upon opening her wind-
pipe to discover the cause of the irritation
there was found in the upper part of the
lung a live striped frog of ordinary size.

ELtvEN children at four births was the
feat of Mrs. Scannel Hickson of Shamrock,
Mo. First birth, three; second and third,
two each, and at the last interesting occasion
there were four, all the latter being alive
and doing well. Ten out of the eleven are
alive. é

Ix Richmond, Va., an old coloured wo-
man has been going to the depot daily for
many years to meet the incoming trains,
looking fora letter containing $25. After
the war she did the washing for a soldier,
and when he went away he declared that he
would return and bring the money or send
it in a letter.

Aw event probably without precedent in
railway annals has just happened at Provins.
A passenger train leaving Paris at 8:20 p.m.,
arrived safely at its destination, but on get-
ting down to let the passengers out of the
cars, the guard was astonished to find nei-
ther passengers nor passenger cars on at
Paris.

Warez riding horseback, John Eller of
Alden, Iowa, saw coming from the sky a ball
of fire, apparently about the size of a flour
barrel. He was paralyzed with fear, and
saw the globe strike the head of the animal
he rode, when he fainted. Upon coming to
his senses he found that the horse was dead,
the head of the animal being seared as if by
a red-hot iron.

THE queerest compinions for a man are
those of an old man in New Orleans. He
has a mania for spiders and in his rooms are
more than 500 of every shaps and colour.
The ceilings are hidden by the webs that
they have spun. Occasionally the old man
throws a handful of flies into the webs, and
is greatly delighted at seeing the spiders
seize their struggling victims.

Aw aged and wealthy Milwaukee widower
found a wife by a queer method. Ina
coffee-grinding mill in Chicago a female
packer placed in several bundles of coffee a
card saying that any gentleman matrimoni-
ally inclined might address her. This wid-
ower found the card while preparing his
lonely breakfast after a quarrel with his
1 apaalcal and now the Chicago girl is

rs,

Aw Italian tisherman recently discovered
a petrified woman at Cascad Lake, Nevada.
He was going out tu fish, and when pushing
off his boat, struck his oar against some-
thing which attracted his attention. Upon
investigation a petrified hand protruded
from the sand on the beach, In a short
time he had unearthed a woman ina com-
plete state of petrification. It was small in
size, brown in colour, scrawny and emaciat-

Nzsr the camp of the workmen on the
new toll road, near Yankee Forks, Nevada,
quite a curiosity was recently found. It
Was a mountain ram’s head deeply imbedded
in a pine tree, and about six feet from the
ground. The right horn is outside, and
curls partly around the tree, while the front
of the skull and most of the left horn is
covered with the growth of wood. The
tree is a thrifty pine, fiftezn inches through.
How that ram’s head came there will always
be a mystery to scientists.

About midnight, just after the accident in
the Consolidated Imperial Mine, Nevada,
the wife ef Matthew Winnie was found on

her way to the works. She said she had
been awakened just before by her husband,
who came all mangled to her and told her
that he had been killed in the mine, She
got up, dressed herself, and started to ascer-
tain the truth of what she was only too well
convinced was true. There had in reality
been a fearful accident; Mr. Winnie was
indeed killed, and the trembling woman
went back to her children and her desolate
home.

As John B, Coyner, a farmer residing
near Palestine, Ind., was watering nine
cows at a pump trough, recently, they made
a stampede down the lane as fast as their
legs would carry them, The cause of this
sudden freak was a mystery to the hired
man, but it was not long before he was let
into what appeared to be the secret of the
stampede. Suddenly, although the sky was
clear and the atmosphere still, a young cyc-
lone, not over twenty feet in breadth, dart-
ed down the sky, and, striking the earth
near the pump, twisted off five large beech
trees as though they were weeds,

In Lincoln Younty, Nev., there is a spring
of ice-cold water that bubbles up over a rock
and disappears on the other side, and no one
has been able to find where the water goes.
At another point in the same county is a
large spring, about twenty feet square, that
is apparently only some eighteen inches
deep, with a sandy botcom. The sand can
be plainly seen, but on looking closer it is
perceived that this sand is in a perpetual
state of unrest, and no bottom has ever been
found. It is said that a teamster, on reach-
ing this spring one day, deceived by its ap-
parent shallowness, concluded to soak one
of his wagon wheels to cure the looseness of
its tire. He took it off and rolled it into
the, as he thought, shallow water. He
never laid his eyes on that wagon wheel
againe

rl

The Rights of an Organist.

The question as to the exact status of the
organist, of his rights and wrongs, and of
his privileges and duties, has often given
rise to discussions, says a writer in the
London Opinion. What with clergymen who
know nothing of music, but who unfortun-
ately think that they do, and members of
the congregation eager to give advice which
they have not tested, the seat in front of the
keyboard is not always too comfortable.
As a case in point, and as further illustrating
our remarks, we are informed that at a dis-
senting place of worship not a hundred miles
from Liverpool, the other Sunday evening,
a member of the congregation—himself a
professor of music and an organist—was in-
vited to fill the position of the regular
organist, who was absent. All seemed to go
most satiafactorily until the last hymn,
before the reading of which the minister
publicly expressed a wish that the hymn
might be sung softly, and ‘‘with but little
strength of organ.” The organist, exhibit-
ing the courtesy of a gentleman, bent to
the request of the worthy clergyman ; but
after the service this ill-advised and inju-
dicious publicf remark was severely com-
mented upon by the congregation. As a
rule, the clergy know very little about
organ-playing, although they not unfrequent-
ly assume a knowledge which is not war-
ranted by facts. We shall next hear of
the selection of stops being taken out of
the organist’s hands.

——_—_——+

Mining Operations in Great Britain

The report of the Inspector General of
Mines in Creat Britain for 1879 has just been
published. The number of persons engaged
in mining operations in the United Kingdom
was 523,870. The total number of serious
accidents amounted to 848, and the total of
deaths resulting 1,037, adiminution as com-
pared with 1878 of 39 in the number of acci-
dents and 453 in the number of deaths.
There was an average of one accident for every
621 persons employed, and a death for every
505 persons.

In the twelve districts under the Regula-
tion Act of 1872, for the coal mines 476,810
persons were employed in or about the mines
of whom 385,178 were below the surface, and
91,631 above; of those above 4,842 were
women.

The products of the mines for the year
were: 133, 720,398 tons of coal ; 9,387,766
tons of iron ore; 1,455,003 tons of potter's
clay ; and 803,207 tonsof mica. The amount
of coal produced was 1,108,330 tons more
than in 1878, while the other items were less
by the following amounts: iron ore 1,359,-
461 tons; potter’s clay, 170,583 tons; and
mica, 10,055 tons,

Some Homeopathy.

[Appleton’s Journa].]

In the discussion between a ‘‘ skeptic”
and a ‘‘believer” in infinitesimal doses, it
was discovered that a drop of mother-tinc-
ture put through thirty decimal dilutions
would require tor the purpose the contents
of nearly 16 guadrillion reservoirs of the
capacity of thatin Central Park, Inasmuch
as it is simply impossible for the human
mind to grasp a number so large as this, it
would have bean well had an effort been
made to express the amount of liquid re-

uired in Jarger bulks with fewer numerals.

ne of the speakers askgif there can ‘‘ be
so much fresh water on the continent,”
which is proof of the little idea he enter-
tained of the amount of water that such a
number of reservoirs would contain, Letus
see what can be done to make more obvious
what those figures really mean. We do not
know the area of the Central Park reservoir,
but by consulting the map we find that it is
half a mile in extent in one direction, a
little less in the other, and that it tapers
somewhat toward one end. If we estimate,
therefore, that a sqaare mile would contain
five such reservoirs, we are pretty close to
the facts—sufficiently so for our present
purpose. The geographers estimate the en-
tire surface of the world to be about two
hundred millions of square miles. The sur-
face of the world is then capable of contain-
ing one billion of our reservoirs. But we
want space for 15,873, 015,873,015,873 reser-
voirs, and to hold this number it will be
found that we should absolutely require
15,873,015 worlds and a fraction. The Cro-
ton Reservoir, however, is comparatively
shallow, perhaps not more than 50 or 60 feet
deep—let us say fifty feet. Now, if we
deepen our billion reservoirs, standing on
the surface of the globe, until they extend
downward to the centre, becoming, say,
4,000 miles deep, which is about one-half
the diameter of the earth at the equator, we
shall increase their capacity some four hun-
dred and twenty two thousand times (that
is, we should do so if their area were uni-
formly maintained,) so that, if the world
were composed wholly of water, it would
require, at the very least, roughly calculat-
ed, more than forty such worlds in order to
obtain one nonillion drops of water ; that is,
to put the mother-tincture through 30 deci-
mal dilutions. If the world were a cube
instead of a sphere, a tolerably exact calcu
lation could be given ; it would then require
nearly 38 worlds of water ; as it is, if we say
45 we shall understate the number, but a
few worlds of water more or less are of no
moment. Now, it must be remembered
that for every dilution we must multiply the
preceding number by ten. 1t would thus
require 450 worlds of water for the thirty-
first dilution; 4,500 for the thirty-second,
and so on, the fortieth dilution needing
450,000,000,000 worlds of water! If the
20,000,000 stars which the great telescopes
reveal in the heavens were all composed of
liquid, they would not nearly supply water
enough, unless averaging 22,500 times larger
than our world, to put one drop of tincture
through 40 dilutions—and yet people are
constantly cured by doses of the one-hun-
dredth dilution.

Preserving Timber in Ground.

In speaking of the well known methods of
preserving posts and wood which are partly
embedded in the earth, by charring and coat-
ing with tar, it is said these methods are
only effective when both are applied. Should
the poles only be charred without the sub-
sequent treatment with tar, the charcoal
formation on the surface would only act as
an absorber of the moisture, and, if any-
thing, only hasten the decay. By applying
a coating of tar without previously charring,
the tar would only form a casing about the
wood, nor would it penetrate to the depths
which the absorb'ng properties of the char-
coal surfice would insure, Wood that is ex-
posed to the action of water or let into the
ground shonld first be charred, and then,
before it has entirely cooled, be treated with
tar tilltte wood is thoroughly impregnated.
The acetic ac‘d and oils contained in the tar
are evapnated by the heat,and only theresin
left behind, which penetrates the pores of
the wood and forms an air-tight and water-
proof envelope. It is important to impreg-
nate the poles a little above the line of ex-
posure, for here it is that the action of decay
effects the wood first, and where the break
always occurs when removed from the earth
or strained in testing.

ee

A light affair—a lamp,

GRINS.

| AGoop thing to re-collect, if you can—
debte.

Ir don’t take a very fast horse to catch
epizootic.

A voor rider always has an eye on the
mane chance.

Tuy writing-master usually does a flourish-
ing business,

A FRIEND atke us what a whale eaye when
he spouts. He telle some kind of a fish
story, probably.

Why is the discovery of the north pole

like illicit whisky manufacture? Because
it’s a secret still,
THERE is romance in figures. A youn

man met a girl, ler, married her, and too
her on a wedding 2er.

A WAG suggests that a suitable opening for
many choirs would be: ‘‘O, Lord, have mercy
on us miserable singers.”

PEOPLE who take moonlight strolle on
railroad tracks shouldn’t be offended if the
coroner doesn’t recognize them.

WHEN a dog gets his head fastened in a
fence it is unsafe to extricate him unless you
enjoy the pleasure of his acquaintance,

‘* CIRCUMSTANCES alter cases,” said an un-
successful lawyer, ‘‘and 1 wish I could get
hold of some cases that would alter my cir-
cumstances,”

An instance of Dr. McCosh’s shrewdness
is givenin The Princetonian: Student after
class. ‘‘ Did you mark me absent, doctor?”
**T did, sir; and what's your name?”

VaAGARIES of fashion :
When lovely woman is not jolly
But hides some secret grief within,
What art can cure her melancholy ?
Seal’s kin,

‘‘My son,” said an American father,
‘*how could you marry au Irish girl?” ‘‘Why,
father,” said the son, ‘‘ I’m not able to keep
two women, and if I’d marry a Yaukee girl
I’d have to hire an Irish girl to take care of
her.”

THE Detroit Free Press man thinks kissing
pretty girls must be frowneddown. He'll
find that it takes a pretty powerful frown
to stop it., and we doubt if he won’t have to
sail in with a club besides, to successfully
interrupt the fun.

Aw English doctor says that people trou-
bled with heart disease are more likely to
die at midnight than any other time, especi-
ally if they are sound sleepers. Get up and
shake down the coal stove at 11:45 and
you'll be all right,

The New York Graphic says the Bern-
hardt went to the Italian opera and entered
quietly, which won her many friends. Did
the Graphic expect she weuld go to the
theatre headed by a brass band and a torch-
light procession ?

Apropos to the discussion of sense-percep-
tion :

The pharynx now goes up
The larynx with a slam
Ejects a note

From out the throat
Pushed by the Diaphragm.

‘How are you Brown? MHaven’t seea
you for an age.” ‘‘No, we haven’t met for
months. By-the-way you’ve lost your wife
since I saw you last. Verysorry. Terrible
blow for you!’; ‘‘ Yes; very sad, wasn’t
it? Ican scarcely realize at times that I’m
married again !”

Dom PrEpRo, Emperor of Brazil, wished
to test a certain railroad brake. He had one
aljusted to a car, and started off for a
trial trip. The engineer soon saw vhat
seemed to be a hig rock on the track ahead,
and applied the brake, stopping the train
within afew feet of the obstacle, which
proved to be of pasteboard.

A Jersey, like a cost of mail,
The shapely form incases,

And to a daints waist can’t fail
To add developed graces ;

To draw it on requires a knack
Quite easy to attain,

But what a business "tis, good lack,
To get it off again !

‘* DISTURBANCE !” — Country banker to
shakey customer: ‘‘Are you aware, Mr.
Soolivan, that your account is overdrawn a
hundred or so?” Soolivan: ‘‘ Certainly I
am, sir. Don’t bother me about such thri-
fles! I don’t go howling abeut the country
when you’ve a hundred or so of mine! Your
information is superfiuous either way! Good
morning, sir !’

12

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

MARKET REPORTS

CANADA LUMBERMAN OFFICE,
Toronto, 27th Nov., 1880.

Owing to the continued cold and stormy
weather but little progress has been made}
in exporting lumber for the past two weeks.
There are some three or four cargoes yet to |
ship, which must remain over until spring,
unless a favourable change of weather should
set in. The Toronto Bay is partly frozen
over, and tugs find it hard to force their way
through. Lakes Couchiching and Scugog
have been frozen over a week ago. The
Muskoka Lakes, although farther north, are
open, but the steamers have now ceased
running. The Grand Trunk have advanced
freight rates to all parts of the Dominion,

The Lumberman’s Gazette, Bay Jity, of Nov. |
| lumber, delivered on cars or boat :

22, says :—‘‘ Mills have all shut down.
Winter took a snap judgment on nearly
everybody, and nearly all have suffered more
or less. There is quite an amount of lumber
left on the docks. Trade for a time will re-
main at a standstill. Business is expected
to be quite brisk by rail and dealers are
looking forward to a good trade.” Our home

market prices remain unchanged, and Hamil-
ton and Toronto prices range about alike,
At Quebec there is little change, as will be
seen on reference to our corresyondent’s
letter. From Chatham, New Brunswick,
our correspondent writes, “ Our fleet of sea
going vessels is now reduced to 6 and as
there is no likelihood of more arrivals this
fall our several mill wharves will soon
assume their winter inactivity.

WHOLESALE RATES.

Mill culls, . .$ 550 @ 7 00
Shipping cull stocks, cme brace 10 00 @ 11 00
Shipping culls, ay Lee 8 50 @ 10 00
Dressing inch, . Mun 50 @ 13 00

Flooring, 14 & ie in, . 12 00 @ 13 00
Jois'ing and seantling, .. .. 9 50 @ 10 50

Millrun sidings.. ...++ 12 00 @ 14 00
Pickings.. cet « ol OOK@, 203100
Clear and vikings. ween) 20) 00) @ 28700
Lath., 3 Pendttecerticsm LUe2D (@.q lich
Shingles, No. ay ere Re eee 210 @ 2 20

INCOM A aril asttsani itor sis 140 @ 1 60

LONDON, ONT

Common Lumber.......... $10 00 12 00

Stock boardsircccmsmrridinsss
Clear in. and 14 to 2in..... 25 00
Bill stuff, up to 16 feet.....

CHAP Ul Oradetinonsdnsdeosoannc : 18 00
Lath, per 1000 feet.. .........
Shingles No, 2, DEE: M..

per square. = AES

30600008
be
Ss

e

—
Re)
S

OTTAWA.

The following are quotations in the Otta-

wa market :—
12 in. stocks, good........ $18 00 @ 20 00
12 s S. culls..... 10 00 @ 10 50
10 “ good......... 16 00 @ 18 00
10 sg S. culls..0... §9 50°@ 10 50
SWePE BOOGlec oo vooeb ease 17 90 @ 20 00
SE Culler seers ORO N@) 6 oO
Sidings, 1}, 14, ‘and 2 in, na
LOOM A IN a eTocs 23 90 @ 26 00
Fe “culls 900 @ 1000
Lath (i 1,000 pes.).. 000 @ 100
Deals (# Quebec sta ndard) :
Ist.. 0 00 @ 110 00
Deals (? ‘Quebec ‘standard)
2nd. 000 @ 65 00
Deals (1? Quebec standard)
st + ied STR E OES 000 @ 58 50
Cull deals (7 M. ft.).. 650 @ 58$ 59
FREIGHT.

To Montreal, $1.15; Quebec, $2; Bur-
lington, $2; Whitehall, $1.25; Albany,
$3.50 ; New York, $4.

OSWEHGO, N. Y.

Three uppers.............. $38 00 @ 40 00
IBicking smn tee ite ee 28 00-@ 380 00
Pine; COMMON hee eee 20 00 @ 22 00
Common ni at. eet aercl 14 00 @ 16 00
Cull eri ali AA 12 00 @ 14 00
Mall rumbotsn yh wen. Sitter 16 00 @ 20 00
Sidings, selected, linch.... 28 00 @ 32 00

TEVBITr Chis navce secepamueiceieae 28 00 @ 35 00
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet 16 00 @ 20 00

Selected 05 HOR CeInS 20 00 @ 25 00

SHIP POLES eners ciage,creseserea« 15 00 @ 16 00
Mill run, 1 and 1} in. strips 15 00 @ 18 00
Culls, selected............ 20 00 @ 24 00
1x6 selected for clapboards 24 00 @ 35 00
Shineles, XXX, 18-in. pine 3 00 @ 3 50

XXX, 18 in. cedar..... 3 00 @ 310
WatlinesieiresiiiseneeneaenmntcOU Cs mlano

BUFFALO.
We quote cargo lots :
Wi HEA no caeniaemnonrose bs $35 00 @ 40 00
Common...... ceraphasD io Pir e 3 . 16 00 @ 19 00
Collette tins elles 11 00 @ 12 00

Assorted lumber in car lots or boat loads :

3 uppers 1 inch............. @ 40 00

Donde andslA mn antes: « 40 00 @ 42 00

ORL tty A bine ddsoonota dane 45 00 @ 47 00

Do. 24, 3 and 4 in. special:.

Pickings Linch reels den 28 00 @ 30 00
se 1} and 14 in.. 33 00 @ 35 00
a 2, 3; and 4 ‘in,

Sue > copuang adn ,». 22 00 @ 00 00
Shelving....... sosndbiontn . 22 00 @ 24 00
Cutting up..... 5 Yoripionooone 74 VIG) Pz IO)
Sidings, com., 1 in. .. 16 50 @ 17 00

cor Pad in. and over..... 17 00 @ 20 00
Common, stocks............. 16 50 @ 17 00
Box, all thicknesses........ 13 00 @ 14 00
18 in XXX shingles......... 360 @ 3 70
18 ioch clear butts........ 2 PAY) (@y P4270)
IDE epetglod diac cedheiionbycrn ao 175 @ 1 80

We quote wholesale prices of hardwood

Walnut 4 inch clear..................900 00

finch, Ists and 2nds.............. 70 00
# inch, Ists and 2uds, 14 feet coffin
SLO acto Wad onan oodcrnnedleun ox 73 00
Ianeh lists and 2ndsia- o... eeiuieers 75 00
It Es dea ehiel A) Wey cagGoon BOO 6 or 77 00
24 inch and thicker................. 80 00
COW Hog ra macomannineod oo tore Ac 150 00
NEWelSOXOTCOMOK LOM stelle settee ets 95 00
common in, & thicker................ 55 00
CUS WINCH vee ieplaneier on ataet 35 00
Sr aE NG Neer rid mands adios vd can Bt 35 00
White ash, Ohio Ist and fine 2nds,... 35 00
Wibitewoods INC ore clarinets tanieeere 30 00
ISTE CON SoA sO ARON OD 0 Di bightan ics schiche 28 00
# in coffin stock, 14 ft......,...... 30 00
square, 4x4 to LOxIO Te. nese 33 00
Chestnuts, lsts and fine 2nds,....... 32 00
MIP Teh dgoetde carcontco oc. cess onmot 25 00
Wiltteroak Obiok arenas sere ay 35 00
Cherry, inch and thicker............. 55 00
Battery rosa: cee iieitensirectats 50 00
Hiekony, best Ohtonen cern. cereus 35 00

CHICAGO.
YARD RATES,

First and second clear, 1@ 1} in......$43 00
Hirstvandizar clear, Zab. wasas se. ee 45 00
Thirdiclear sls @ Zana. eae. oe se 38 00
Third clear, 1 inch... ; pycicncec (3 te} 013)
Ist and 2d clear dressed siding. salar pchcte 20 00
Ist com. dressed siding.........:.... 19 50
Secondicommontin. +. se se es oe vee 17 50
Flooring, lst com, dressed.......... 34 00
Flooring, 2d com, dressed........... 32 00
Flooring, 3d com. dressed........... 24 00
Boxibds, "Ay Loin wand wp: een oe 43 00
Box bds, B, 14 in. and up............ 37 00
Boxdboandsn (G4, et. ec cee ten kee 25 00
A stock boards, 10 @ 12 in., reugh.... 37 00
B stock bds, 10 @ 12in............. 33 00
C stock'bds;10@ 12ini...7... e.. 27 00
Common stock boards .............. 17 00
Cwlliboardewern cee ee $10 00 @ 11 00
Honcing) (Noy 1s, 90M eee Gad. 13 5)
Rencing wNowe2Qirnen, FTO Re 11 50
Common boards............ 11 50@ 12 50
Dimensionsstuiie. cee me akicee Cake tee 11 00

Dimension stuff, 20 @ 30 ft..12 50@ 20 00

Small timber, 4x 410 8 x :8.. Stott 12 00
Round§posts;icedar...). 0 eee eee 15 00
Pickets, dressed and headed, flat.... 15 00
Pickets) dommsduareusc sid seetaeeeecOnGO
Rickets nodose croc ccem cise acer ala OO
Clear shingles... Sars s3 9 gE MSP
Extra “* A” shingles. ORES Sneha 2 65
Standard ‘‘A” dry shingles.......... 2 40
Shaded 2SiA> Shingles cess sin ciate penne O
INOW IESDINGLCR reine aalataereaai se 1 00
Cedar Shimplesin. wc cucsarie uae siamese oe!
WLiRU HAP eros ss «cet ccattesun Sion sak nei chen coe
DETROIT.
Yard rates, continue as follows :
Uppers, all thicknesses....$40 00 @ 45 09
Nelectsitiis..ae fae. 8, Gaels 35 00 @ 38 00
Fine common, thick....... @ 30 00
No. 1 common stock, 1x12.. 16 00 @ 18 00
Common shippers, 1x12.... 13 00 @ 14 00
Flooring, select............ @ 25 00
COMMONS. .46 fe eects @ 22 00
Roofing, matched.......... @ 16 00
Siding cleanse wnicemn ce ton @ 24 00
AU select: ethan” ie @ 20 00
B commou @ 16 00
Ceiling, seleot. 0% 22 254.,.1! @ 30 00
COMMON tien ties cee @ 25 00
Shipping cullstvensw.cwes es @ 12 00
Mill cull boards........... @ 10 00
Dimensionjoribill stuff to 16
feet TRH, Re @ 14 00
18'to}24ifeet. . Se @ 15 00
longer than 24 feet...... 16 00 @ 20 00
Shingles, clear, 18 inch. @ 400
6 inch clear, 18 inch,.... @ 278
Lath cae cntettiteaie crests @ 2 2

ALBANY.

FREIGHTS,
To New York ® M. feet...........$ 1 00
Toy Bridgeport... 'tegae tte elt « 1 25
Bo) New: Haven.werhiicewveh. Dede ae 125
To Providence’... fbusss aeeeth. 2 00
To Pawtucket a. i7--0 te. aeeer 2 25
Tol Norwalk... Paar eee 1 25
VPorHartfiord ...%; cscs eee iesis aoe eee ee
TolMiddletown'. -peiiee ake. arte 1 75
PoJNew: Londont§:..tactee., etc oee. I 75
Lo Philadelphia. +: taker 1.0 See 8200

Quotations at the yards are as follows:

Pine, clear, #M..........-......... 48@60

Pine, fourtDs:aae sen acces eiinaciets 43@55

Pine, SClCC!S...0: pian aieen ier 38@45

Pine good! bossy... .adek tei ohn ae 17@28

Pine, Commo Doxa eee bane 14@17

Pine, 10 in. plank, each............ 38@42

Pine, 10-in. plank, culls............ 21@23

Pine boards, l0a0 ye raeca aint 25@28

Pine, 10-in boards, culls, each...... 17@18

Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft. # M...... 28 00

Pine, 12-in. boards, 16 tt........... 28 00

Pine 'I2-in. hoards, to ft, .,.2-. ccs: 28 00

Pine, 1} in., siding, select.......... 42 00

Pine, 1}-in. siding common........ 18 00

Pine, 1-in. siding, selected,........ 40 00

Pine, l-in. sidiag, common......... 16 00

Spruce boards, each................ 16

Spruce, plank, 1}-in., each......... 20

Spruce, plank, 2 in., each.......... 30

Spruce, wall strips, each...... Ue

Hemlock, boards, each............. 13

Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each.......... 30

Hemlcck, wall strips, 2x4............ 94

B ack walnut, good, # M.......... 85 00

Blacks walnut. ast e i an te ate 78 00

Black: walt, Sion! 4s. vieopentarys 78 00

DPCaMOLer Laie. acy c.« chit tact Pitee 28 00

Syeamore; \$-In;. .c > s1-s.ccr seni 22 00

White wood, l inch and thicker.... 40 00

White word, § inch..:.....%........ 380 00

ASD SPOON tine. mtasat nce cagnecn Sree pies 43 00

Ash, second quality,.............. 30 00

Cherny, 20nd vem funn splat. srekNaue 60 00

Cherry, common. ..cs)iits .cth.. 80> si OOM

Oalk; 200} jag. ay. fe cess eee ERIS 42 00

Oak, sccond L apalniy Pee | ae anecis) 25 00

Basswood . 2 ispPije km seeeace Zee

Hickory.s ac. dae (Ghee Akai ie 40 00

Maple,,, Canadas: . 57 «nye qi'ch s:<lecag Sen MRO

Maple, American.............05-es0. 28 00

Chests: nak cexavie disioken oe 40 00

Shiogles, shaved, pine..m......... 6 00

s * 2d qualityy.« nn. sobs 4 50

Shingles, extra, sawed, pine...... 4 25

Shirgles, clear, sawed, pine....... 3 25

Shingles, cedar, mixed............ 2 75

Shingles, hemlock... jcc. sic nde. « ee OO

Lath, hemlock, .‘Saciiice ate nee 1 50

Lath; [spruce; 4. . .2aesceaiee eee 2 00

CLEVELAND
ROUGH LUMBER.

Uppers, thick rae eee en emt $45 00
INCH. ns Ciea s,s aiaert seas —o Mees 42 00

Box: (GHIGhS ocr s ofp y1che oie, ee 36 00
INCD ix. aide oe amass «arate cena 32 00

2k, 3 and 4 in c’ears special

Flooring strips, 6 in, No. 1.. 34 00
2. 24 00

Fencing st str ps 6- -in, B.S grape 16 00

SNS TON oes 14 00

Select commen, thick... ... > sues cies 28 00
TROD <i sto nncis cme § ce ete ee 24 00

Commons a. 6s erst osdeterteeeds ake iteoeLon OG

Cull sicwstiiien ntti tho enete Gees 12 00

Bobds. No: 1 22 in. ska ss eee eee
INO 2 ty. ses, d.cescttoae Bes andhete Cl elec 16 00
NiO} oacck OCR fst ante a eee 14 00
No 118 ft... re Ben ey sit)
No: 2 U8 fb. inte afdenmeeme eee 18 00
INO. Rey dh licjee eect cgeetennn uses 15 00

Billistudt to, PS Lb, . 25.5. hagers emeonss= ss 13 00

Bill stuff over 18 ft. adds
75¢ to $1 per ft. per M.

Shingles, XOX K.... .csstepaseserensseeeesvess 3 60
Glear) DUbES.....cevys- frei eeeynes ste 2 60

Lath.. 2 25

Surf acing one side adds to the price of
rough Lumber.c,:.-6 y0t- coho e dosed AL OO

2 sides.. 1 00

Norway bds and ad strips. Sevcuen'e Of ASS 18 00
GOMMOB cage hhc. cecal E's x eee ERO

DRESSED LUMBER.

Floormg and drop Riding clear... ... $40 00
box . Reich kite Pesce ened SOD
select pom. «ake ona MORIA Cy SORRO
COMMOMAN: 6 jib Le fe wisiere sfeersielsn we 20 00

Siding, 4 in. bevel clear.........-. eT: 00
bok -anercnerk + Pesaro osteeraenes 20 00
selcet common. 15 00

Working lumber | matching floorin ng and
drop siding, $2 ; working 4 in. siding, $

In a cave near Silver Cliff, Col., two bars
of gold, worth $900, were found. Two
human skeletons were there, too, and it is
supposed they are the remains of very early
miners.

QUEEN CITY O1L WORKS !

ALL KINDS OF
I ALS Ad

AND

BURNING OIL!

s® Send for Samples.

Saml. Rogers & Co.,
33 ADELAIDE ST. EAST,
TORONTO.

TIMBER \ WANTED

REY OAK, BLACK K ASH AND PINE.
Standing timber wanted; also Oak Railroad
Address, with full particulars,
S. S. MUTTON & CO.,
TORONTO.
P.S.—A 35H. P, Engine and Boiler for sale, low,

Tes

BSTABLISHED 1872

Flectro Curative Appliances

Relieve and cure Spinal Complaints, General and
Norvous D bility, Rheumatism, Gout, Nervous-
ness, Liver, Kidney, Lung, Throat and Chest

Complaints, Neural, Bronchitis, In-—~
cipient Paralysis, Asthma, Sciatica,
sSprains, ae Stet,
lessness, ndigestion.

Ask for Norman’s Electric Belts and you will be
sa‘e against imposition, for they will do their work
well and are cheap at any price.

A. NORMAN, 4 Queen Street Bast, To-onte.

N.B.—Trusses for Rupture, best in America, and
Electric Btteries always on hand at reasonable
prices.

PrICeS: a ages they 3 ee
Hardwood Timber Land for Sale.

fk OR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWUOD
timber land near Nip ssing Railway, Coboconk,
OSHA WA CABINET CO., Oshawa.

Easy terms:

Rey eee
Timber Limits for Sale.
Gaver MOST VALUABLE TIMBER

limits on North Shore of Lake Huron.
For particulars apply to

THOS. SHORTIES,
Imperial Bank Building, Toronto. .

OR SALE, AT A GREAT BAR-

iin, 320 acres of excellent farming land, heavily

diznbaret and well watered by a branch of the Pigeon

River, in Cheboygan Co. Michigan. Apply to the
Editor of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. 1-tf.

poole ctcame eae oe 6
LAUDER & THORNTON MFC.CO.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Steam Gauges, Vaclim Gauges

ENGINEERS’ & PLUMBERS’ BRASS GOODS, &c.

98 Adelaide Street East, Toronto.
Steam Gauges correctly tested and eee

FILES RE-CUT!

THOMAS S GRAHAM,
File Woks, 35 Sherbourne Street, Toronto, Ont.

d Files reground and re-cut equal to new for
Ue During ey past year I have re-cut o nearly
3,000 dozen “of old files for mill owners and rthers
in Ontario and Quebec, Pri¢es—per dozen fo Mill
Files, 8 in. $1.50; 10 in $2; 12 in. 92 75; 14in.
3.75. Other Kinds pro rata. Quotations from these
rates to lange consumers.

THE CANADA

EID & CO., WHOLESALE LU SI
BER DEALERS. Lumber, lath, shingles, &c-
Car lots to suit customers. Best culls in the mar-
ket fur from $6 to $7 per M,
Orrice on DookK—Espla nade, foot of Sherborune
Street, Toronto, , 2in

MACHINERY!

TEARN’S No. 3 SAW MILL

Log Turner, 68 h.p. Engine, 3 Boilers, dome and
heater. This is first class mill outfit, held for a
bank and willbe gold cheap. Wehave also 2 Iron
Lathes and other Machinery. Send for Price List:

WM. DINGMAN & CO.,

566 Front Street East, Toronto.

BUY ONLY THE BEST!

Pin’ Ss

ROYAL PRINTOGRAPH

THE KING COPYING TABLET,

Always takes the lcad.
Over 400 copies have been printed from one writing.

PRIZES AWARDED FOR SUPERIOR MERIT

The only Diploma given by the Industrial Exhibi-

tion Association of Toronto, for ‘‘ Copying Tablets,”

was awarded to us for our “Improved Copying
Tablets,”’ with black and cojoured inks.

We a’so received a Special Prize at the Provincial
Exhibition at Hamilton, and als) an Extra Prize for
our very ‘‘Superior Copying Iuks,” for use on the
Printograph or other Copying Tablets.

GREAT IMPROVEMENTS,
NEW FEATURES
BLACK AND COLOURED INKS,
AND A

SPECIAL PENCIL.

Also a Special Copying Ink for use on Rubber-
Stamps.

—————————

THE

Intercolonial Coal Mining Co.,

offer their fresh mineral bituminous Coal from

DRUMMOND COLLIERY.

F.0.B cars, deliverable at stations of the Inter-
colonial and Grand Trunk Railway.

Apply to
Intercolonial Coal Mining Co.,
26 St. Francois Xavier Street,
MONTREAL,

The coal is now beiag received at Toronto by several
of the dealers—W. J. Keith, C. J. Smith and others:

JOHN M°GREGOR & SONS,

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF

STATIONARY,
MARINE, and
LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS,
and SHEET IRON WORK.

EVERY PRINTOGRAPH IS WARRANTED.

PRICES REDUCED

Printcgraphs. $1.00 and upwards, according to
size. Inks,25 cents per bottie. Copying Pencil, 20
cents each. Our manufactures can be sent to any
address on receipt of price.

PIM & CO,,
Manufacturers, 61 King Street East, Toronto.

CauTion—4s there are worthless imitations being
sold under different names the public are cautioned
against buying any but ‘* Pim’s Royal Printograph,’
as none but those bearing our name are genuine.

GLASS BALL CASTORS

For FURNITURE, PIANOS,
ORGANS, etc., the best and most
ornamental Castors in the market.
They greatly improve the tone of
musica) ins'ruments.

RHEUMATISM, NERVOUS-
NESS, SLEEPLESSNESS cured
by insulating beds with them.
Sold by hardware dealers.
Agents wanted.

Portable Boilers for Threshing Machines, Shingle
Mills, e'c,, furnished on short notice. All Boilers
tested by cold water pressure to 150 Ibs. to the
square inch before leaving the shop.

SECOND-HAND MACHINERY

bought, sold, or taken in exchange for
new work,

ADDRESS FOR CIRCULARS 5

A CLASS BALL CASOR COMP'Y,

64, 66 & 68 REBECCA ST.,

EZAMIzrYTroOow, On Tg.
1-3m

REPAIRS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO
183 Atwater St., Detroit. Michigan.

BRANCH SHOP—

Cor, Glengarry Ave. & Stuart st.,
WINDSOR, ONTARIO.

ST, LOUIS HOTEL.

THE RUSSELL HOTELCO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

In Press—To BE PUBLISHED IN JANUARY, 1881.
LOVELL’sS ‘

Gazetteer of British North America.

Containing the latest and most authentic descrip-
tions of over 7,500 Cities, Towns and Villages in the
Provinces of Ontario. Quebec, Nova Scotia, New
Brunswick, Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island,
Manitoba, British Columbia and the North-West
Territories, and other general information, drawn
from official sources, as to the names, locality, ex-
tent, ect., of over 1.800 Lakes and Rivers ; a 'T ABLE
or RouTzs, showing the proximity of the Railroad
Stations, and Sea Lake and River Ports, to the
Cities, Towns, Villages, etc., in the several Provinces,
(this Table will be found invaluable); and a neat
Coloured Map of the Dominion of Canada. Edited
by P. A. Crossby, assisted by a corps of Writers.
Subscribers’ names respectfully solicited. Agents

This hotel, which is unrivalled for s*ze,
style and locality in Quebec, is open through-
out the year for pleasure and business travel.

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA,
JAS. A, GOUIN, a aye

is THE—

Favourite Resort of the Leading Public
men of the Dominion attending
the annual Sessions of

Parhament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Par-
liament, Public Officials, as well as those having
business with the various Departments of the Gov-
ernment. Itisalso the head-quarters of those having
dealings with the princely Lumber Manufacturers in
the great. Pine Valley, of which Ottawa is the acknow-
ledged centre,

Tus RusseLL House being central, almost abutting
on the magnificent PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL
Buitpincgs—the pride «f the Country--is thus con-
veniently situated for those visiting the City on pub-
lic business. But the location is also everything
that could be desired alike for the man of business
and the man of pleasure. A few minutes walk brings
the guest of the Hotel within reach, not only of all
the principal business resorts, but also of the most
splendid Mountain and Valley Scencry that can be
seen anywhere, as also of the two almost unrivalled
Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau—and of the
extensive Manufacturing Establishments and Depots
ofthe leading Lumbermen. But, besides the beauti-
ful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, includes
the magnificent Ottawa and two of its grand tributar-
ies—the Rideau aud the Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar-
ently never-ending woods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be ob-
tained cn the Continent-

Tue Russet House affords excellent accomodation
for 300 guests ; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and no-
thing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
foriably *‘ at home.”

=F Ornnibusses meet the Arrival of
eyery Train and Boat,

Proprietor.

wanted, {(§"Pricz $3—Payable on Delivery.
JOHN LOVELL & SON, Publishers.
Montreal, August, 1880.

LL PERSONS NOW SQUATTED

upon any Public Lands within the Nipissing
Crown Land Agency are hereby reque~ted to apply
without delay to John S. Searlett, Esquire, Crown
Land Agent at Nipissing, and have their locations
carried out in due form, failing which their claims
caumot be recognized by the Dapartment.

THOS. H. JOHNSON,
Assistant Commissioner,

Departm’t of Crown Lands,
Toronto, 12th Oct., 1880.

DISSOLUTION OF PARTNERSHIP.

MHE PARTNERSHIP HERETO-

_ FORE existing between Gro. Bencovues and WM.
Dinoman, a6 Machinery Brokers, has this dey been
di-solved by mutual consent. All accounts will be
settled, and the business carried on by Geo. Ben-
ae under the name and etyle of Wm. Dingman &

Geo Buncovusu,
Wa. Dixoman,

a

Witness : Ev, E, Kix,

LUMBERMAWN 13

ity Ve the COA PEC TL,
GENERAL WOOD WORKERS,
18 Sheppard St. Toronto.

MANUFACTURERS OF
Stair Newels, Balusters, Hand Rails,
Ramps, Mouldings, Brackets, Fence-pickets,

and everything requisite for the finishing of Houses, etc.

Gig Sawing, Band Sawing, Shaping, Sticking, Wood Turning, & &c.,
DONE BY THE HOUR,

sar Patterns furnished and designs drawn for Scrolls and other work. All orders

promptly attended to.

=

ELLIOT?T’S “1880” LACE CUTTER

Is the first absolutely perfect tool ever made for cutting all kinds of lace leather either
thick or thin. Lacings of avy length or width may be cut and pointed by the most inex-
perienced, The price paid tor cutting one side of leather wiil buy a Cutter with which
you can cut just the siz:a lacings needed for each particular belt.

Price 6O Cents. S-nt by mail on receipt of price. Address

WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO,,

Brantford, Ontario, Canada.

SOLE AGENTS IN THE DOMINION FOR

EWART'S PATENT DRIVE CHAIN !

No Friction, Tension, Stretching ; runs Fast, Slow, Perpendicular, Horizonta or Half-Twist.

ea £5

STANDS EXPOSURE.

POSITIVE TRANSMISSION.

Best Sawdust Carrier. Best Lumberman’s Chain.
Live Rolls. Address

Waterous Engine Works Co-, Brantford, Ont., Canada.
THE ECONOMIST

Financial, Railway and Mining Journal.

BOSTON. PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORK.

$3.00 a Year, 10 Cents a Copy.

HE ECONOMIST IS DEVOTED

exclusively tothe Financial, Railway, and Mining
Interes:s of the United States. It is therepresenta-
tive journal of its clays in New Engiand, and has, by
its conservative and independent policy, established
a reputation and ¢rculation which give it a com-
manding influence in its section. It aims to advance
| and protect the legitimate mining industry, and to
guard investors from imposition and consequent
losses.

THE Economist presents special inducements to ad-
vertisers through which to reach the wealthy classes
of New England. Its circulation among the Mining
States and Territories is large and rapidly increas
ing.

Specimen copies free.

R. F. STRAINE, Business Manager,
ef 31 Milk street, Boston.
New York Office : 115 Broadway.

Best Chain for

ALLANDALE JUNCTION HOTEL.

Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 min-
utes by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals.
Tea and coffee at counter. Fine brands of liquors and

choice cigars. :
E. S, MEEKING Proprietor

SRASER’S HOTEL.
GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER. proprietor (successor to Doug-
land Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thor-
oughly renovated and refiijted that old established
hotel, so long and popularly kept and owned by
Dougald Brown, in the village of Gravenhurst, is
now in a position toattend to the wants of the travel-
ling and general public. Parties en route to the
Muskoka District, wiil find ‘* Fraser’s” a comfortable
stoppi place. The Bur and Larder are well furn-
ished. Convenient Sample Rooms for Commercial
Men. Good Stabling and attentive hostler, Free
*bus to and from trains and steamboats,

HOTEL OTTAWA,

No. 21 North Side King Square.
ST. JOHN, N. B.
HE. COSMAN, - -

ST. LAWRENCE HALL,
PORT HOPE
Is noted foritssuperior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best Hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground floor, Walton Street, Pert Hope.
Wm. MACKIE, Proprietor.

Proprietor.

NET, Os

Terms, $1.00 to $1.50 perday.

ee

The Book Agent.

SCHOOL FOR THE INSTRUCTION OF WILY
CANVASSERS,

A

¥rom the Cincinnati Gazette.)

Prince—‘‘ What is the book for which you
canvass ?”

Pupil—‘“‘ The History of the Bible.”

Prince—‘‘ What does it cost?”

Pupil—“ Seven dollars and——.”

Prince—‘‘ Naw !”

Pupil—‘‘ Two cents a day.”

Prince—‘‘ Yes. How many numbers !”

Pupil—‘‘ Twenty-nine. Delivered every
two weeks.”

Prince—‘‘ How many numbers are ready
for delivery, and when do you mention the
fact ?”

Pupil—‘‘ Four,
taken.”

Prince—‘‘Good! Now, how will you
carry your prospectus?”

Pupil—‘‘ Pll wrap it up in paper and keep
it nice and clean.”

Prince—‘‘ Naw! Clean! They ain’t old
enough looking. You start out, you seemy
friend, with a good subscription list already
taken. You show it—you needn’t say they
were taken in Cincinnati—we are ladies and
gentlemen—we never lie. Naw! You don’t
carry it rolled up in a paper or in a sack.
You don’t carry itin your hand or under
your arm—you carry it here.”

The Prince slipped it dexterously beneath
the breast of his coat, snugly buttoned it in.
‘‘Naw ! we are gentlemen and ladies on the
street. I don’t have any one else work for
me, and you, miss, will put yours under
your cloak. I had one lady who used to
slip hers right under her bustle. Now you
are going to call. How do you know Mrs,
Rose is the lady of the house ?”

Pupil—‘‘ Oh, I could find that out in the
last house.”

Prince—‘‘ Of course you could, and how
many children she has, and what her hus-
band does for a living, and you may get an
inkling of what church she belongs to; but
cautious, you know cautious. When you
ring the bell and the servant comes to the
door what would you say ?”

First Pupil—‘*‘I would ask, is the lady ot
the house in?”

Prince—‘‘ Naw. What would you say ?”

Second Pupil—‘“' Is Mrs, Rose in ?”

Psince—'' Naw! She would tell you
that Mrs. Rose is not in, and Mrs, Rose
would hear her say so. They teach their
servants to lie. Ladies and gentlemen, they
all do it. What would you say, Miss ?”

Third Pupil—‘‘ Be kind enough to tell
Mrs. Rose that a lady wishes to see her,”

Prince—‘‘ Naw! That would be true, but
not politic. The servant would tell you to
call again when Mrs, Rose was in. You
never would find Mrs. Rose. You would,
sir, step into the hall, place your hat on the
rack, say very coolly to the servant, ‘ Tell
Mrs, Rose Mr. N. J. Hall wishes to speak
with her ;’ then walk into the parlor and
take a seat. The servant wil! be sure you
are a gentleman and an old acquaintance.
She will say, ‘Yes, sir,’ with a simper and
a smile, and trot off up stairs without a
word. Then if you listen you will hear
them above :

‘¢* Why, who in the world is N. J. Hall?
I’m sure I don’tremember him. Has he got
anything with him ?’”

“Now, if you had your book in your
hand, eh ?”

‘* No, ium ; he hasn’t got anything.”

**She doesn’t come and say: ‘Mrs. Rose
is indisposed to-day, sir,’ or, ‘Mrs. Rose is
engaged.’ A lie, you know, but it settles
your hash. Naw! She doesn’t, but if she is
very suspicious the servant will come down
and ask the nature of your business upon
which you wish to see Mrs. Rose. Now,
what would you tellfher ?”

Pupil—-‘‘f£ would tell her —tell her—I

After the subscription is

- don’t know what 1 should tell her, but I

_ of her children.

shouldn’t tell my business,”

Second pupil—‘‘I should tell her that I
would rather not mention my business to
any one except Mrs, Rose,”

Prince—‘‘ And she would send the servant
down once more to tell you to call again,
Naw! You would tell her that you had
called upon a matter concerning the welfare
Don’t yeu see, they are at
school ; she doesn’t know but that something

very serious has happened or is about to

- She'll run to meet you.

She

happen—that will bring her every time.

ll come down stairs, if she happens to be
a little nervous, with her heart in her mouth,
Now what would

_ you say when she comes?”

ee

Pupil—‘‘Why, I should take out my pros-
pectus and begin talking the book.”
Prince—Naw ! You wouldn’t frighten her

THE CANADA

away; you wouldn’t shove the book under
her nose the first thing. You would engage
her in conversation. You are a gentleman ;
she is a lady. You would bow politely.
‘Mrs. Rose, I presume.’ ‘ Yes, sir, I am
Mrs. Rose.’” ‘I have called on behalf of
the children (mark you, the children, not
your children, now). The country, madam,
is flooded with dime novels, sensational
stories, an unlimited amount of trash ’—

‘Yes, sir; but my children are not permit-
ted to read such things,’

“¢¢Very true, madam. Pardon me, I can
readily see that you are a lady of too excel- |
lent judgment to permit it, if you know it; |
but the temptation is before them always. |
This literature perverts their emotions, ruins |
their morality, and sows the seed of religious |
skepticism,’ ete. Then you can take out
your book and show the beautiful pictures. |
‘Only two cents a day, madam; think of |
that. Purely nonsectarian, a grand effort to
interest the children in the history of the
Bible,’ etc., ete. If there happens to be a
young child in the rocm you can turn to this
magnificent picture by Gustave Dore of
Moses in the bullrushes, and remark upon
the resemblauce of the child to the youthful
Moses, and then go on talking the pictures
and the stories. Never ask her to subscribe;
she’ll do it when you’ve talked long enough.’

ee

Attitude of the Clergy in Ireland.

Too much praise cannot be given to the
Roman Catholic Clergy in unhappy Ireland
for the bold stand they (or the majority of
them) have taken against the suicidal action
of the Lund Leaguers. Archbishop McCabe
in a recent pastoral strongly condemned the
use of violence in obtaining redress of the
grievances under which, beyond question, the
people are labourii g, and quoted the great
O'Connell in support of his position. The
great agitator—of whom (as was wittily said
by Labouchere) Parnell is but a papier mache
imitation—lost no opportunity ot counselling
the use of Jegal means to obtain what the peo-
pleof Ireland craved, and hedenounced in the |
most unsparing manner the use of the very
means that Parnell is advocating with all
his might. There is the truest wisdom in
the policy adopted by the R. C. Clergy in
this matter, for in a country where the ha-
tred of the creeds runs so high, the most
terrible results would inevitably follow if
the movement became identified with Ro
man Catholicism. It would certainly re
sult in a general uprising, both of Protes |
tants and Catholics, and a repetition of the |
wholesale massacres that have already stain-
ed Ireland’s history. Instrong contrast to
this policy on the part of Archbishop McCabe
was theimprudence of Archbishop McClosky,
of New York, who identified himself, to a
certain extent, at least, with the Irish
agitators who visited America, and was said
thus to have incurred the anger of the |
supreme Pontiff. It remains to be seen how |
the prosecutions of the Parnell party will |
eventuate, but there is every indication on |
the part of the government of adopting the |
most vigorous repressive measures, and, when
they are driven to that course, there can be|
but one issue—the quenching in the blood
of poor misguided peasants of the flame that
Parnell has so rashly kindled.

A Wonberrut Buinp Man.—A very re: |
markable blind man, named John Metealf,
a native of Mai chester, was living at th
beginning of this century; and, strange t
say, his occupition was uo other than th vt
of a guide, bis living being gained by his
conducting strangers through intricate routes
during the night or when the roads were
covered with snow, Stranger still however
was the calling which he subsequently
followed. and this we are told was that of a
‘projector and surveyor of highways in
difficult and mountainous parts.” With the
aid solely of a staff which he carried, he
was often to be seen traversing roads,
mountain hills, and exploring valleys, It
was under the direction of Metcalf that
many of the roads over the Peak in Derby-
shire were altered ; and he also designed and |
superintended the construction of a new road
in the same neighbourhood, formed with a)
view to open a communication with the)
great London road without the necessity of
passing over the mountains.

A LAbY remained too long on a train to |
kiss a friend, and, trying to get off after it |
was started, was thrown violently on her
face. ‘If ever I kiss anybody azain |” said
she vengefully, as she arose—‘‘ any woman,
at least,” the thoughtfully added.

A Buoxs County, Pennsylvania, man has
just ended a lawsuit of forty-two years’
standing, and recovered six cents damages,

|

LUMBERMAN.

PROMINENT PEOPLE

Tue Czar has asthma, and it continues to
get worse. He will not likely live long.

Tuer Prince of Wales has just gained
$25,000 on the turf. It’s turf on the other
fellows.

Ex-King Amadeus is now on a tour in
England, buying up horres for the royal sta-
les of Italy.

WHILE a Leadville lawyer was cross-ex-
amining a woman who was in the witness-
stand, she exclaimed : ‘I’m a lady, an, by
thunder, don’t you forget it.”

Snow has not been so deep in the far west
at this early date for years before, and old
settlers are arranging to put their whis-
ky-jugs where they won’t freeze.

Count Taaffe, the p:esent leader of the
Austrian Ministry, is by descent an Irish-
man, not a Welshman, as his name and the
old nursery ballad might suggest.

Tue ballad-singer sighs because ‘‘ there
are no birds in last year’s nests,” It is a
great pity. The pcet will next cry because
there are no clams in last year’s shells, no
woodchucks in the old-time holes,

Parti dcesn’t like Wales because the poach-
ers kill iabbits on her estate and then have
the audacity to sell them to her own ser-
vants. It only indieates a popular prefer-
ence fur Welsh rabbit over au Italian Patie.

In Russia, all the sons and daughters of
princes inherit their title, They are conse-
quently, as numerous as sparrows. It is
said that there is a village where every inha-
bitant is a Prince or Piiucess Gallitz-en, The
title of Prince in Russia is about equivalent
to that of Esquire in England.

Tr is wonderful how short-lived is Parlia-
mentary fame in Eng!and when the promi-
nence it gives at the time is considered.
Thirty years ago Col, Sibtkhorpe and Joseph
Hume were names as familiar in the United
Kingdom as Gladstone or Disraeli. To day
not one man in a hundred knows who they
were.

The Czar of Russia, like many of his sub-
jects, has suffered greatly from a nervous af-
fection of the eye, which threatens to be-
come very serious. By the use of a simple
remedy prescribed by his oculist some relief
has been obtained. The remedy consists in
throwing into the eye or upon the lids a tiny
jet of water by means of the eye-fountain
or douche. The delicate spray is hoth rest-
ful and invigorating to weak or weary ey er.

Youne King Alfonso is no slaggard. Up
with dawn in winter and before scven in
summer. he reads, and works, and holds his
councils before noon, He reads foreign as
well as Spanish papers, and receives daily
the London Times, Independance Belge, Les
Debats, and other journals. He likes to
read English history, and says very bluntly
that he would fain seek his models in coun-
tries like England, Ital; and Belgium.

Ir is reported that Lord Dufferin will
shortly be appointed Ambassador at Con-
stantinople. Mr, Goschen’s health, never
very robust, has been much impaired by the
worries and anxieties inseparable from con-
tact with Ottoman intrigue, and nothing but
loyalty to duty prevented his return to Eng-
landlongago. Lord Dufferin is not enamoured
cf St. Petersburg, though diplomatica ly a
success there, and his nomination to the
Pera appointment will give great satisfaction.

Tue Prince of Wales and his duns sre to
become agaln the subject of British inquiry
and legislation. One of the reigning sensa-
tions of London is the report that Mr. Glad-

tone has been requested by the queen to
wk parliament for agrant of $200,000, to help
the prince pay all such of his debts as are
considered pressing, and for an addition of
$50,000 a year to his royal highness’ allow-
nee, which would give him $200,000 a year,
irrespective of the net revenues of the duchy
ȣ Cornwall, which amount to $350,000 an-
iually, and the allowance of the princess, his
vife, which is $50,000.

THERE is joy in Burmah, just now, for
me of King Theebaw’s consorts has quite
ecently presented that monarch with a son.
Mother and child are doing well. The
happy father is so elated by the achieve-
ment of his spouse, Su Huayah Lut, that he
has announced his intention to wed her
younger sister forthwith. As he has put to
death nearly all his relatives having any
claim to the succession, his Majesty cannot
be too fervently congratulated upon the ac-
pecitee of an heir, from cutting whose

roat he will probably be deterred by the

I |

a

feelings of a father and the interests of a
dynasty.

PRINCE ALEXANDER, the present ruler of
Bulgaria, having recently come into a legacy
of a million and a half dollars left to him by
the late Empress of Russia, his aunt b
marriage, is about to build a splendid pal-
ace in the new quarter of Scfia, at the east
end of that city, where several large and
handsome houses are in course of erection for
the future accommodation of Bulgarian rank
and fashion. The youthful Hespodar isjust
now in a lucky vein. Only the other da
Bishop Gligor presented him with a tasteful-
ly laid-out park, about half an hour’s drive
from Rustchuk, eminently suitable for a
summer retreat; and the Prince, while
gratefully accepting this munificent gift
sagaciously seized the opportunity of adding
to his popularity by forthwith issuing a de-
cree in virtue of which the park in question
is to be thrown open to the Bulgarian public
during three hours of every day for all time
to come.

On Easy Instalment Terms.

lilustrated Catalogues and Price List on application,
NEW COMHBELH’s.,

Corner Church and Richmond Streets, Toront
———— eee

The Climax

$6.50

Breech-Loading Shot Gun,

including Wads, Caps, Reloadable Shells, and Set

of Reloading Tools—Barrel Decarbonized Steel—as
safe and accurate as a gun costing five times the
rice, Send 6 cents for 96 page Illustrated Cata-

ogue for 1881, now ready.

COnMAS. STARE,
62 Church Street, Toronto.

The Best is the Cheapest !

Patented Use nothing but
1878 NEWTON'S PATENT
Carriage Shaft
— ayp——

POLE COUPLING.

A sample sett will be sent
express paid, on receipt of $1.

J. P. JOHNSON,
(Sole Agent for Canada,)
77 Richmond st,, W. Toronto.

geS- send for price list and circular.

DIAMONDS

Wwinbdt cut,
AND THE

Improved Diamond and the Hanlan

Crogs-cut Saws will cut faster and stay in order long-
er than any other saw in the world. ey are manu-
factured only by

R. H. SMITH & Co., St. Catharines.

and Soe ey. the Hardware 1rade every-
where. ke no other. We also make the Lance
Tooth, Lightning, Improved Champion, Eclipse, in
short, all kinds and patterns, including the New
Improved Champion.

“St, Catharines Saw Works,”
CAUTION !

—_—

EACH PLUG OF THE

MYRTLE NAVY

IS MARKED

tT.

IN BRONE LETTERS.

NONE OTHER _GENUINE.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, 15

a Oo

sete J, NEILL & SONS,

Whitby, Port Perry & Lindsay
RAILWAY. IRON FOUNDERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF
NOTICE TO SHIPPERS.

PUY VT A NM
Siig a

All freight for points on the above roads

should be shipped va the Granp TRUNK . E i fy ‘a i = =

Ratway, when it will be forwarded by the fi l j ‘4 Oi i | x Sa a

shortest route without transhipment and at z rs ‘ y Hg i's yl :

the cheapest rates, if } Z ‘ mia . | ah ju 0 :

Fast Freight Trains Run Through To
Peterborough, Fenelon Falls, Kin-
mount, Minden, Orillia, Lindsay, Hali-
burton, Midland, and Waubaushene,
connecting with fast steamers for
Parry Sound and Byng Inlet.

For rates, etc., apply to local agents, or to
A. Wuitsr, General Traffic Agent, Peter-

borough,
GEO. A. COX,
Managing Direcior, M. R. of C.

JAS. HOLDEN,
Managing Director W., P. P., and L. Ry.

Great Western Railway

TICKFTS to San Francisco aud all Points on the
Pacific Coast, both Overland and by Pacific Mail
Steamships from New York. Winnipeg and the
North West by all Routes. London, Detrcit, Sns-
pension Bridge, and ail the principal points in the
Unirep States, both east and west, with the fullest
information of Routes, with Guides, Time Tables,
Maps, &., FREE.

erst STEAM ENGINES, BOILERS ¢ SAW MILL

T. W. JONES, Agent,

23 York Street, Toronto, near Queen’s Hotcl.
OR SALE, IN THE BEAUTIFUL NMACHIN SE Ft =

town of Orillia, a very commodious brick house
with out buildings and garden. Terms moderate.
Apply to Editor of LuMBERMAN, Toronto.

ypscmenzis seomuess, — -|Front and Esplanade Streets, Opposite the Queen's Hotel,

Brokers, and general Produce-Proyision Commis-
sion Merchants, 24 Water Street, Saint John, N. B.

Highest References provided. Consignments solici-
ted. Correspondence respectfully requested. Returns “7 re) I= re) e
promptly made. 5B

VY. MACKE NZIE. D. G. “ ACKENZIE.

wenganmmewmsarencas "* — |NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,

————4

PANIES TO THE CANADIAN GOVERN <:.

ToraL Bustngss || NewBusiness ||PoLicizs

NAMES DEPOSIT 2023 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.
tN OANADA. OBTAINED IN '79,|| BECOME 7
Total Total No. | Amount
OOMPANTES. m.re,| Ins.in || Pol, | of Pol. |] 5. y¢79, ||OTTAY™
in 1879. | Force. |jissu’d| Issued. H

OF AT Dac -
Snintal nia ll Noo taAsmonne ||, CLAIMS | Oe SSS
|
|
|

ADIAN. $s $ 3 $ 3
Oanada, Hamilton|| 536,298 |18,945,715 || 1,402 | 2,633,100 || 157,821 54,000
cay 154,898 | 5,928,328 || 1,012 | 1,545,650 31,494 77,650
Sun, of Montreal...|| 101,844 | 3,620,783 524 818,600 18,000 50,400
Ontario Mutual ... 151 427} 490,000 11,500 50.541
156| 201,500 7,300 81,075
188| 406,250 11,000 50,400
29,160
309] 697,600 57,836 153,09
225 400,600 20, 70 110,.u0
6 38,000 39,057 ||Fire & L.
20| 65,575 20,554 ||Fire & L.
16| 51,373 94,516 ||Fire & L.
38] 107,067 21,982 100,343
7 15 433 1,117 ||Fire & L. .
14 77.750 6,000 ||Fir & L.
6] — 10,500 2,000 54,993 ;
935 | 1,386 600||} 181,883 |] 195,000 |
475 | 1 285,500 88,785 105,000
167| 277,850 43,704 115,000

3,072,782 || 215| 336,150 10.830 126,100

%In the table it must be borne in mind that it relates only to msi a ee :
eee dona in onesie sa A oe eee ve whole Pere eeiness ove by j r == - = aOR =
local companies, but only anadian business of the British and Ameri- Manufacti f tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp meetings, Photographe s, Lawn and Mili-
ean Companies. The Mtna’s total income was $4,350,897.30 in 1879. ary PNGamReSE wath or eattout extra Seteroats: all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped, mildew
Kr Of the $121,883 of “ Policies become claims” in the case of the ZTNA | proof or plain. Prices frem $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes) made of the best |
LIFE, $53,764 was by the maturity of Endowment Policies—i.e., policies : : silk-finish bunting. CAMP BEDS (Bradley’s pa-

payable at death or the end of 10, 15 or 20 years if living. In the other 19 com-
panies, a 6 ggg only a total of $24,943 of this excellent kind of insurance
000 wes added by the TNA LIFE, the past year, to its Govern-

tent) the best bed ever invented ; size when folded,
2x6in.; 3 feet long, weighing only 11 pounds, but
strong enough to bear the weight of any man.
Waterproof waggon and horse covers, tarpaulins,

ment D t, making it the largest of any Company, and nearly 4 times that
yh pein eg red anies, id eid x
t=? The su anding of the TNA LIFE is shewn by its total in-
come being 9350,897.30, and by its Canada Branch income being nearly
equal to the combined premium income of the whole 9 British Companies, or
that of the 3 lesser American Compavies, or that of all the Canadian Com-
bot one. This onehas been 32 years getting $536,293, while the Htna’s
#AT has grown from less than $1000 in the past 14 years.

made to order on the premises. 8 Special rates

sheets, coats and leggings of every description, |
toLumbermen. Send for catalogue and price list to

National Manufacturing Co.,
202 Sparks Street, Ottawa.

Head Office for Canada—Boustead’s Block, Toronto. EEN'S HOTEL FoR BARGAINS
WILLIAM BL ORR. Yanager. ap : eg +
rp? ee & eee 2 Ae 4 SS BRACEBRIDGE, Ki ¥ t h d J ll
ORILLIA HOUSE. DOMINION HOUSE. JUHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor Iné id fF 68 all owe ery;
(late of Georgetown,) having lately purchased CALL AT :
OBILLIA, BRACEBRIDGE, the above hotel, wil reer make it one of ‘
New and Commod - the best houses in the District of Muskoka. Tourists ?
aA Zorouto p ints mae rides | A good house inevery respect. Free "bus to and | and hunting parties will receive every pcssible atten.- RYR I E Ss ’ the Jeweller, P
ed; tree bus, : | romthe wharf, Terms, $1 per day. ion. Free ’bus to and from the steamboat wharf. 113 Yonze-st.. Toront |
JOHN KELLY, Proprietor. | R, GILCHRIST, Proprietor. | Terms, one dollar per day. onge-st,, Loronto, |

: if |

‘lt

16 THE CA'NADA LUMBERMAN,

BRYCE BROTHERS, DOMINION BELT & HOSE COMP’

MANUFACTURERS OF

LUMBER YARD !|Pure Oak Tate Leather Belting |

Corner Berkeley and Front Streets, Toronto. Mire Peigine Hote,dace, henthen, ,
OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, ETC. ETC.

Stitched and Ribbed Belting Made to Order.
Double always in Stock. a ees for Samples ardPric es

Planing Mill, No, 57 Ontario St. - " : Mills at, E!mval_

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN

Largest and Bost Stock of Lumber in the City at Lowest Prices. “WEA HIN E. ERY OILS!

WE HAVE CONSTANTLY ON HAND A LARGE STOCK OF To Benlae a: and nal Cs deme

SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, ETC. ETC.

HE'S S 7)
Which we sell at Lower Rates than they can be had anywhere else in the City, 2 F o” |
37,0
= (©) 4 -
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:
yt

VOL. L—NO. 5.

THE KEEWATIN TERRITORY.

The following interesting particulars have
been furnished by Mr. John Matker, Mana-
ger of the Kecwatin Lumber Company’s
Mills, at Keewatin, Lake of the Woods.
Mr. Mather, who was for a number of years
manager of Messrs. Gi!mour’s mills at the

_ Gatineau, is well qualified to form a correct
opinion of the country and its resources.
He arrived at Ottawa recently, whcre he
remained on business for a short time.

ITS RAPID DEVELOPMENT,

Keewatin the site of the Keewatin Lum-
beiing and Manufacturing Company is
situ rte ab the western outlet of the Luke of
the Woods, and about t' mee miles distant
from Rat Portage. It is about 125 miles
east of Winnipeg, 100 miles east of Sclkirk,
and 300 miles west of Thunder Bay. This
new village is a rival to the older sett'emeut
of Rat Portage, which has gained its princi-
pal importance, according to Mr. Mather’s
statemcnt, from having been made the dis-
trict headquarters of the Pec fic railroad
construction staff. Tlere is a station of the
Pacific railway at Keewatin, and already it
has beecme an important shipping point.
Here, Mr. Mather says, is the greatest
water-power along the whole line of the
Pacific Railroad in the North-west. Terti-
tories. The head cf watcr is, on the aver-
age, twenty-cne feet, and the quantity
which passes is possib'y slightly in excess of
the volume which dashes over the Chaudiere
Falls at Ottawa. There are large and im-
portant water-powers in the North-west
Territories, but they are all remote from the
Pacific Railroad.

WHFAT YOR THE WORLDS MARKETS,

This is the point where a large portion of
the wheat grown in the North-West will be
ground before shipment to the Canadian and
European markets, just as American wheat
ig ground at Minneapolis, Already negctia-
tions have been opened with the Hudson
Bay Company for the purchase of a site and
water-rower at the castern outlet of the
Lake of the Woods for the erection of alarge
grist mii), not to carry ona mere local trade,
but to grind for the world’s markets, as soon
a2 the Thunder Bay branch is open for
throuzh traffic. Keewatin hasalready bc come
the centre of lumber manufacturing, and soon
will obtain a more than local celebrity, The
Keewatin Lumbering Company’s mills have
been in operation all the summer, and the
Company have cut and built five large per-

“=

Us.

TORDNT oO ENGHAVING

TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER 15, 1880.

$2 PER ANNUM.

manent trestle bricges for the Cuanad‘an
Pacific Railroad. Messrs. Brandenburg &
Ce., who have Jarge Jumber mills at Kuife
Falls, on the St. Louis River, near Duluth,
on the American sice of the boundary line,
and have ertered into partnersbip with Mr. W.
J. Macaulay, of Winnipeg, for the purpose
of erecting and operating a lumber mil! on
the site of the old Rat Portage. The capac.
ity cf this mill, which is now in course of
erection, will be five million feet per season.
The capacity of the mil! at Keewatin is
about twenty million feet. 16 is rumoured
that the Pacific Railway Syndicate will es"
tablish district workshops at Keewatin for
the Pecifie R ilrvad
MANUFACTURING AND MINING.

F]

The development of the territory around
the Lake of the woods promises to be very
rapid as soon as through trains are ruuning
over the thurder Bay Branch Railrcad.
Already the rai.road construction has given
an impetus to Rut Portaze, where fifteen or
twenty houses are beirg erected at tke pres-
ent time; aid a similar number at Keewatin
village, nceded for the workpeople congrega-
ting around the mills. There ‘is ro agricul-
tural land of an extent throughout the dis-
trict —it resembles very much the township
of Wakefield on the Gatineau River. What
land there is is fertile, but the maximum ex-
tent of each patch is two or three acres. It
can never sustain an agricultural population.
The future cf the territory depends upon its
supporting a large manufacturing and min-
ing population.

TIMBER AND RAILROAD 1IES,

A few questions relative to the rumcured
want of cconomic timber in the territory led
Mr. Mather’s conversation to a subject with
which he is familiar. ‘‘ Whcever says that
the timber in the Keewatin Territory posses-
ses no economic value,” he replied, ‘‘ speaks
without warrant. Thesupply oPtimter will
last for a period much longer than I should
l:ke to ray. The red pine is much finer than
any I have ever seen on the O.tawa; the
white pine is similar to that on the Coulonge
and Black River tributaries of the Ottawa,
There is no maple or beech in the territory,
but there is a large quantity cf very fine
cedar and tamarac, and what is called jack
pine. There last three woods are all suit-
able for railroad ties, which will be so much

equired in the North-West Territories. In
act, in a few ycars, this will be tke only

district for eight hundred miles along the
Pacific Railroad where ties can Le obtained.
This section of the road will require two

million ties at first Luilding, and an average
annual supply of four hundred thousaud ties
for repairs thereafier. The dis:rict pro-
ducing this wood suitable for ties is all trib-
utary to the Lake of the Wovds, and the
timber can easily be floated to the cros:ing
ot the railroad.

ABUNDANCE OF ECONOMICAL MINERALS,

The abundance of ihe econom’c minerals
found in this district has already been male
the subject of con:iderabie observation by
the Globe's special correspondent, who re-

cently traversed that district, and Mr. M:- |

ther had little toadd on the subject. The
gold excitement still continues, aud discover-
ies of go!d in quartz rock are daily record: d.
Capital at the present momeut is the grcat
de-ideratum for the development of this in-
dustry. It is not forthcomuyso far. Be-
sides gold, silver end cop,er are found im
large quantities, A soap sto e of: ousider’
able ecouomic value is also abundant.

Large dep sits of this stone are found at a)

lace on th: L-ke of th» Wools culled P p-
Stone Pi ist, be ‘anse the Indisns from Min
nesota and other Westera States in the past
rsorted here to obtain stone for making
pipes. Axnotrer stone, an excellent substi-
‘ute for the oii stones used by ca:peuters to
sharpen edge t ols, is abundant, and will
command ieady sale. Lignite, to», has been
found, but generally in biul-ers brought
from adistarc: by glac a’ action. The indi-
cations are that the true bed of liznte will
be found on the Minnesota side of the boun-
dary or water sted of the Lake of the
Woods.

CONSTRUCTION OF THE RAILROAD.

A large body of men are still at work up-
on the Section 15, and work 1s being prose-
cuted as fast as possible,

The approach of winter has necessitated
the discontinuance of work in the gravel
pits, and consequentiy the discharge of a
large body of men. ‘The rails on the road
are laid. and irains will be able to run with-
out any difficulty tili nxt spring. Thre is
already ove ‘‘lift ’ of biilast on the roa
from Cross Lzke t) Keewatin, 36 miles,
a portion of this dista:uce tie li.e is entirely
finished, as also it is from Selkirk to Cross
Lake.

ERECTION OF STEEL BRIDGES,

The Toronto Br.dze Company have their
foremar, Mr. Dansizer at the Lake of the
Woods waiting to superintend the erection
of two steel bridges across the two outlets of
the lake. It was, by some unaccountable
means, delayed in Duluth fr six weeks. Tue
masonry has already been built, and is
waiting for the supe:sirccture.

SALE OF FORT FRANCES STORES.

Recently the G vernment stores at F.rt
Frances L ck were taken to Keewertin and
sold by auction.
Lake, used on the works, was also sold,and
purchased by Mr. W. J. Mecaulay, lumber-
man, for $1,500 ; she originally cost consid-
erably over one hundred thousaud dollars,
and was purchased by the Macdonald-Car-
tier Govarnment to ply in counection with
the Dawson route, Shehas, since the sale,

On |

| along the railroad high ard dry.

Vie steamer Lady of the |

met with an ace:dent, but wil be at work
again next summer, towing logs, &c. The
Keewatin Lumbering Company have also
built a small steamer for similar purposes.

THE BOUNDARY DISPUTE.

Much inconvenience is caused to settlers
in this district by the non-settlement of the
boundary question ; aud they ere as much
isolated irom the exercise cf their civil
rights and the protection of the law as if
they Were residing in the heart of the
‘“‘Daik” Continent. There is no Court
where a man cansue or besued, or where he
can collect a debt or seek restitution for loss-
es sustained. The ouly persons who obtain
the benefits of the law are the whiskey
smugylers, whe, if captured, are introduced
to the Stipendiary Mazistiate appointed un-
der the Act for the better pre-ervation of
oruer in the vicinity of puvice works, No
scivol system can be estabuched until this
unfortunate d spute has been settled. The
education cf the children—snd there are
m iny in the settlement—'s providei by pri-
\ace cc->; eration. Tue Keewasin Lumber-
my Company are about ereciing a school-
house at Keewatin for the couvenierce of
tveic employees’ children, There i3 no sys-
tem, and there can be none uutil the matter
is definitely settled,

‘¢ WET GROCERIES,’ WHICH PAY NO DUTY.

An euterprising Yankee has cut a road
through the bush from Hailock’s Siation on
the St. Paul and Manitoba Raiiroad, to a
point near tee boundary line at the Lake of
the Woods. At this place he has establish.
ed a store or ‘‘ whiskey shanty,’ where all
kiuds of ‘‘ wit groceries” are disp2ased to
vis tors from Rat Portage, in Canada, All
kinds of goods are smuggled into Canada
from this man’s shanty, and a considerable
loss infl:cted upon the revenue of the Do-
minion. During the pastseason he is said to
have carted along this road, from Hallock’s
to his store, over eghty-thousand dollars
worthof goods. An «ffo:t shou'’d bema-e
to stop this illicit trafic.

A WET SEASON.
In this district, as throughout the North-

| West Territories, the season has been an un-

usually wet one. The earliest settler does
not remember the lke.

AN UNFAVOURABLE VIEW OF MINNESOTA,

Mr, Mather, zdverting to the atsurd stcr-
ies published of the floods in Manitoba a:d
the swampy character of the country, char-
acterised them as much exaggerated.
‘* Why,” he sad, ‘about Deminion cay last
I had ocezsion to go from Winnipeg to
Minneapolis, Oa Jeaving Manitoba tke
weather was fine, and the whole country
The creps
could be everywhere secn growing and thriv-
ing. Buta considerab!e distance along the
St. Pauli and Manitoba Railroad in M nnesc-
ta ] noticed that long stretches of country
were covered comp!etely over with water as
if there were Jakes there. The wheat was
completely under water, end all ferm field
work suspended. This was the very terri
tory a few montks previous I hai admired,
because it was so dry and high,”

bo

& MESMERIC EXPERI-
MENT.

Thirty Christmas nights have come and
gone since that one, so memorable in my
lfe, and yet sitting here in my solitary
room, a gray-haired, lonely woman, the
whole scene rises as vividly before me as
though it had occurred but yesterday. Ican
see the comfortably but plainly furnished,
low-ceiled, old-fashioned room, with its
dark wainscoted walls, and its dim corners,
that the feeble light of a couple of composite
candles could scarcely reach ; I can see the
half circle of faces gathered round the
hearth, looking glowing and pleasant in the
ruddy glare of the firelight—all except one,
that of a man who sat in the corner opposite
to me.

Icoul! not keep my eyes off that face,

which had for me the fascination of ugli-:

ness; as the Jights and shadows made by
the flickering flame touched the shock of
bristly hair that half concealed the low,
narrow forehead, the cavernous eyes, sunk-
en cheeks, and huge mouth, half open with
a cynical smile, that showed the tusk-like
teeth, [ could compare it only with a shift-
ing series of gargoyles from some old monk-
sh ruin.

We were all members of the company of
the theatre Royal X——, and, it being a
non-play night, we were assembled at the
lodgings of one of- our members, a lady, to
do honour to her birthday. Our usual
theme, the affairs of the theatre, past, pres-
ent, and future, being exhausted, the en-
versation, I can not remember how, had
turned upon mesmerism and clai:voyance,
and I was stoutly declaring my utter disbe-
lief in either, my scepticism being greatly
intensified by the circumstance that Tony
Arnold-—the man I have just described, and
who was one of the low comedians of our
company—took the opposite side. There
had always been an antagonism between us,
and, although I had no actu»l cause for
such a feeling, a positive dislike upon my
part, which I believe was pretty strongly
reciprocated upon his,

Although I was scarcely 29 at the time, I
was what people would have called r ther a
strong minded girl, with opinions of my own
that I never shrank from asserting, with an
obstinacy that no argument could overcome;
and on this night, excited by a spirit of de-
fiance to my vis-a-vis, I expressed them
with a bigotry and contempt that were any-
thing but polite to those who differed with
me,

“ By your positiveness, Miss Gr. e:,”
sneered Arnold, ‘1 presume you have had
avery large experience of the trickeries of
mesmerists,”

‘Qh, indeed I have not,” I replied sharp-
ly, ‘‘I was never at any exhibition of the
kind in my life, and never intend to be. I
should not have patjence even to witness
such a transparent imposture,”’

‘‘Suppose,” he said, and there was a
gleam in his eyes which indicated rising
temper, ‘‘suppose I cou'd give you ocular
demonstration that you are wrong, by j la:
ing some one in this room under mesmeric
influence ; I have done the thing often. It
I did this before your own eyes, when you
would be quite assured there could not be
trick or collusion, weuld you believe it
then ?”

**T don’t know that I should,” I answered
doggedly. ‘‘If you have such a power,” |
added with a contemptuous smile, why don’t
you try it upon me?”

Arnold was evidently taken aback. I do
not think he dreamed of my taking up his
challenge. He reyarded me some seconds
with a doubtful, wavering glance, which I
met defiantly and mockingly.

““T would prefer any one else in the
room, he answered hesi:atingly.

“Of course you weuld,” I replied with a
malicious laugh. ‘‘I am not a good sub-
ject; the mystic influence is poweriess over
disbelievers. Oh, I know all the jargon !”

And I east a triumphant glance round the
company, who were exceedingly amuscd at
our discussion.

Arnold turned alternately white and red
with rage and mortification.

“Tt is not that,” he answered quickly,
then paused, but, evidently stung by my
contemptuous laugh, he added instantly :—
‘Very well, be it so, since you desire it,”

The prospect of having the discussion so
summarily tested aud adjudged created an
intense excitement, and I could feel my own
cheeks burning and my pulse galloping at
fever heat as Arnold procecded tu make pre-
parations for the experiment,

I anticipated the usual passes and hand

THE CANADA

wavings of which [ had read, but I soon
perceived that his method was going to be
entirely different. He began by placing
two chairs exactly opposite to one another,
in one of which he requested me to be seat-
ed; then he draped a large black cloak
around me, so that only my face rose above
it ; then a lamp, borrowed from the landlady
of the house, was set in such a position that
the light should focus upon my face, after
which he tcok the chair opposite to mine
and desirid me to fix my eyes firmly upon
his, and not remove them for a second.

I foll wed his instructions, and the next
moment I was staring intently into a pair
of greenish-brown orbs that I could feel did
not met mine with equal steadiness, There
was profound silence, broken only by a
little suppressed giggle frum the females,
and an occasicnal low whisper from the
men.

We had been thus only a few seconds
when Arnold sprang up, exclaiming: ‘‘ Its
no use, I cau not do it.”

A shout of laughter hailed this confession
cf deieat, and, throwing off my drapery, I
jumped up and jo ned heartily in the chorus.

Arnold was white as Ceath, and extremely
agitated. He made no reply to the volley
of chaff” that assailed him on all sides, but
again turning to me, said in a tone of intense
earnestness: ‘‘I can not mesmeiz: you,
but you can me; those strong, steel gray
eyes of yours, with their metalic lustre, are
far more potent than mine. Come, will you
try ?’

+ did not need the iucitement of hand-
clapping and the chorus of ‘Oh, do!’ that
greetcd the proposition, to promptly con-
sent. I began to be decply interested in
the experiment, and now that I was myself
accredit(d with possessing this oceult pow-
er, my scepticism began to waver.

‘* But before we go any further,” he said,
“T must maks ove conditiou—and that is,
that should I fall into a comatose s‘ate, you
will not put to me any question of a private
nature—as I shall be compelled to answer
truthfully, literally, whatever it may be.”

I promised faithfully not to do so,

The previous disposition was now reve's-
ed, the lamp was sct so that the lizht should
shine upon my face, and Arno'd was envcl-
oped in a cloak, as I had been.

And now, with all the nerve power I pos-
sessed, I fastened my cyes upon Arno‘d’s.
White and ghastly look: d his fuce rising out
of the blackness of thy drapery, which gave
it almost the appearance of being divide
from the body and suspended in spuce. The
lips were wide apart, and the greenish eyes
were dilated to thir utmost extent, with a
strained fascinated look, such as they might
have woru under the influence of a rattl -
snake. I could scarcely suppress a shiver
at this uncunny-looking picture ; but a wild
spirit took possesfionoe me that night which
soon swept away all such ‘‘compnuctious
visitings of nature.’’ Everyboly seemed t.
be thoroughly impressed by the weirdness
of the situation ; there was no giggling, no
whisper ng, all wis silent as deats, Afie
about a mnute my eyes grew rivid in thei)
intcns’ stare, until if seemed to me that |
no lonvge: had the ,ower to move or close
them, or even wink ald; gradually I could
fee! the pupils diiae, unt | they seemed to
be ome two huge discs glow ng with a lam-
bent and metallic fire. I could see that
every nerve of the whi'e fue: was quivering,
the breathing was short and labored, and a
dull, stony ylare came into the starting eye
balls, a far-away, trance-like look, that told
me consciousness was gone, aud that the very
soul of the man had pus:sed over to my keep-
ing, And I felt a col’, cruel, hard triumph
in this, a desire to strain mastery to the ut-
most. I rose from my seat, slowly moved
backward, and impcrivusly b-ckored him,
never relaxing my fixed siare, which secmed
to scintilate and flxsh. As I rose, he rose,
clutching the edge of the tab e to guide his
tremblivg steps. Slowly I moved, he fol-
lowing, seemingly impelled by an involun-
tary but resistlesa impulse. I stopped sud-
denly ; he stopped.

‘“*What is your name?” [ a ked impera-
tively.

In a forced, hollow voice he gave one that
I afterward discovered was his family name,
Arnold being only a the trical sobriquet.

At this one of the gentlemen broke in,
protesting :

‘ N , no; that is againgt the bargain—no
questions,”

“Jt is time to put an end toit; I don’t
like it,” said another.

**Oh ! yes,” added a lady, ‘
rible.”

The interruption scemed to exercice the
fiend that possessed me, and cali me back to
myself ; with an effort I wrenched my gaze

tvo hor-

LUMBERMAN.

from that ghastly face. As I did eo, Ar-
nold, a3 though he had been only upheld by
my eyes, fell upun tLe floor in strong con-
vulsions,

Our experiment in mesmevism spoiled the
rest of the evening; for afthough a‘ter a
copious outward application of cold water,
and a judicious inward one of neat brandy
he soon recovered and triee to laugh off his
illness, it left a creepy, disagreeable de, res-
sion upon all, which no amount of hot spirits
and water and forced jollity could succeed in
dispelling.

As it may be supposed, the effect was
strongest upon me, and it chiefly took the
form of inteuse annoyance at the part I had
played ; I would have given anything to
have realized the past few minutes, After
Arnold’s recovery, by a tacit understanding,
no one made any reference to his strange
illness, indeed all seemed desirous for a
time of putting it out of their thoughts—
and none so much as the principal actor in
it, who laughed and jested in a feverish
manner and never allowed the conversation
to flag for a single moment, as though he
feared tt e subj ct might crop out again.

Everybody, however, was eagerly discuss-
ing the singular «vent the next morning at
rehearsal, I avoided the gossiping groups,
for the remembrance of the scene was a hor-
ror to me ; so did Arnuld, whom I studious-
ly attempted to avoid, but he took an exact
opposite course, followed me wherever I
went, trying to engage mein conversation
and to catch my eye, as though some of the
fascination of the previous night stil sur-
rounded me,

After a rather late dinner, for the rehear-
sal was very Jong, I was dozing in my chair
when there came a soft tap at the door, and
to my sleepy ‘come in’ there appeared upon
the threshold the tall, gaunt tigure of the
man whom of all others I last desired to see.
It gave me quite a shock. It was the first
time he had ever called at my lodgings.

In common courtesy I was obliged to ask
him to take a seat and draw near the fire, as
the weather was cold, Ina vague, listless
manner he placed a chair in such a position
that it exactly faced mine, dropped into it
without a word, and tried to fix my eyes.
I immediately shifted them and gazed into
the fire.

He made no attempt to account for this
visit ; he talked very little, and in an absent
mavner—that betrayed that his thoughts
were not on his tongue—about the business
of the theatre. I felt very embarrassed by
his presence, ani presently rose and rang fer

ea. What could I do but ask him to re
main and take it withme? He said ‘thank
you,’ and kept his seat. I felt quite terified
by the change that had come over him—
fom a noisy, jesting, rollicking kind of fel-
low, who had always a jibe for me, to this
silent, subdued man, with those dreadful
eyes ever yearningly seeking mine.

At length he went away, and never in my
life did I feel so thankful for anybedy’s de-
parture.

But he came the next day about the same
time, and acted in just the same manner,
until the lights were brought in; then all at
once he rose from his chair, erossel over to
where I was sitting, and, lvying his hand
vpon my arm, said, in a hourse whisper :
‘Mesmerize me !’

I started back aid answered, shuddering-
ly: ‘Not for worlds !”

‘You must,” he answered | assionate’y.

And somehow or other, I cannot tell how,
a few miuuies afterward we were sittieg
vis-a-vis stering into each octher’s eyes. Is,
less than a m-nute there was iu his the dull
stony vagueness of insensibi ity.

I covered my fac: with my hands, but
withdrew them, as I heard something fall
heavily upon the floor, to see him huddled
at my feet ‘nccnvu'sious, and froth bubbling
upon his lips,

When he recovered I nearly faintel my-
self; but rallying by an effurt, I told hm
very positively that he must not eome any
more. »

**T cannot stay away; I must come,”
was his answer. And agan the dilated
eyes began to wander cravingly in search of
mine,

1 connot describe the horror I felt at these
visits, aud at length I begged a lady friend
T had in the theatre to come and sty with
me. The following afterno n he strolled in
as usual, but finding I had a cémpanion he
looked very annoyed, and remained ony a
few minutes.

Several days passed, aud I met him only
in business. His mapner wassullen, almost
rude to me, at which I was much relieved,

for I now began to entertain hopes shat he
would persecute me no more. The change
that had comé over him was a constant sub-

ject of green-room comment ; he had always
been extremely thin, now te seemed to
waste day by day, like a man consumed by
an inward fire; his cheeks were cunk in
deeper hollows, and there were black rings
around his eyes. G

After a few days my friend returned to ber
own lodgings, The next afterno.n, at the
usual hour, Arnold came as before. ~

As soon as the lights were brouzht in he
again besought me to mesmerize him. I
firmly refused ; but I cou'd not rest my eyes
upon him for a moment without his face
ginning to guiver ard his pupi's to dilate,
and the very feeling that I must now look at
him made the desire almost un uerable,
Matters went on thus for upward «fa week.

Bat surely, it will be said, you could hove
devised some mesns of keeping him away ;
you might have requested your Jandlady tu
refuse him admittance, ‘Traly, I con!d have
done s», but—well, I must coufcss it ev. n in
my own defense—Armold had n to throw
a strange planet hited ee dreaded his
coming, yet I experienced a vagve yearning
when oe was heel I had fallen myself
within the meshes of the spell I bad uncoa-
ciously cast upon him.

One afternoon he arrived rather earli r
than usual ; there was certainly some occult
sympathy between us, for the moment he
entered the rcom I felt that a crisis was
come, Bs
He was in very weak health, and he sank
dowu in a chair lcoking pale and exhausted,
and wiped the damps from his forehead,
while his breathind was very labored ; and
there was a feverish glitter in the restless
eyes and a red spot in cach hollow cheek.

‘* How very ill you look,” I said pitying-
ly ; ‘‘let me give you a glass of wine.”

“‘No, I want nothing,” he said ina peep
ing tone, ‘‘ there’s quite a fire burning with-
in me now; I am being slowly burncd up.”

‘‘Have you seen a doctor?” I asked,
growing very nervous. ws

“A doctor,” he echved with a mocking
laugh. ‘Oh, yes, I have seen a doctor, but
he can do me no good. It is you who are
killing me.”

“T!” IT answered faintly. >

“‘Yes,” he answered; ‘“‘since the night
you tore the heart and soul out of my body
I c:nnot live without you, »nd I won't.”

I was very much terrified by his wild,
excited looks, but replied with a great show
of firmness : ‘‘ You talk nonsense, Arnold ;
why, you are married already.”

l did not know at the moment whether it
was really so, but there was a vague im-
pression among the company that such was
the case, and it was upon that authcrity only
that 1 spoke. q

‘* How did you know that—you quest on-
ed me when I was under your influence?” be
retorted sharply,

“7 did not, but I findit is tinue. And
under such circumstances, how dare you
address me in = terms ae exclaimed,
growing very indi t, perhaps more in
seeming than in oedies

“Yes,” he replied, dejectedly, “‘I am
married to a woman I hate; to a weman I
left at the church door. I was fore d into
it by my friends—never mind why ; that
would not interest you.” ;

He paus:d for a moment, then laying his
trembling fingers upon my arm, he added :
‘** Alice,” he had come to call me by my
Christian name, *‘if anything were to hap-
pen to he.—if she were to d e—would you
be my wife?” r

I star ed away from hm, exclsuming:
“Don’t talk like that, it is too horrible!”

But he ‘followed, and again grasped my
arm, end said: “‘ Alie-, I teld you jast tow
that I cannot Jive with ut you, and that I
will not, and I swear before God that if you
do not give me this promise, when I leave
this house 1 will throw myself over the
bridge, into the river—I swear it! ’

Men—and women, too,—say these things
in moments of strong passion witLout keep-
ing their words ; but 1 knew that he would
keep his, the mysterious s)mpathy that haf
been created be: ween us told me so, told me
that if he left me with that thought in his
heart, he would not be a living man withia
the next hour.

It was nearly dark, just between tle
lights, and his face gleamed out of the shad-
ows white and terrib'e, and then I thought
how it weuld look when it was drawn out of
the water with the Jong dark hair clinging
about it.

“Tt is not too mach to ask of you,” he
went on, pleadingly. ‘‘ Why, she may out-
live us both; more than likely; there is
no hing shocking in it—she is nothing to
me, never hes been, only the mockery of a
ceremony links us,”

“But what is the use of a pledge, what

satisfac ion can it be to you?” I said, stil
with my face covered, for I dreaded tu mect
his eyes.

**T don’t know,” he answered ; ‘‘I» would
give a surt«f hope that I can’t live without,
that | won’t jive without,”

‘© Weil, I gave him the promise. I dare
say you will consider it was very wicked of
me to do so, I thik so myself. But 1
thought it was almost impossible that I
should be ever called upon to fulfill it, and
how could I hesitate when a man’s life
seemed at stake ?

The following morning, as I was seated at
breakfast, I caught sight of Arnold's dark
figure passing my parlor window, and the
next moment I heard his now weli-known
knock at the str:et door, I put down the
cup of coffee that I had raised ha'f way tw
my lips, whi‘e an unaccountable dread stole
over me,

One glance at his counteaance as he enter-
ed the room told me that something had
happered. He did not look at me, not even
exchange a greeting, as he laid down his hat
and took a chair.

«7 have strange news to tell you, Alice,”
he said in a voiee thick and indistivet with
agitation. _ :

“‘ For God’s sake don’t tell me that—”’

I could not complete the utterance of my
fears, my voice died away in my throat, aud
with parted lips and rizil eyes I could only
await the explanation.

Meantime he had taken from his breast-
pocket a leiter, which he rose and offered
me, It had a deep black border,

I shrank back ; I would not touch it; I
knew its contents.

*<You knew what was going to happen—
you have cruelly entrapped me,” I exclaimed
bitierly.

He threw himself uyon his knees at my
feet. ‘‘I did not. It was very sudien, the
letter will tell you so; heart disease—her
friends had scarcely a moment’s warning.”

There was that in his tore I could not dis-
believe, and when, after a while, 1 brought
myself to read the fatal Ictter. I found his
assertions were there fully confirmed.

**This makes it all the more horrible,” I
ciied, ‘ for I now fcel as though I were in
some way the cause of her death.”

‘‘T implored him to release me from my
. promise. as nothing could c..me of a marriage
contracted under such auspees, But he
only repeated the old words: I cannut live
with ut yu, and I won't!”

“*M, friend who could perceive how ill-as-
sor:ed were, did all in her power to per-
suade me to break with him. ‘ Leave the
company,’ she said, ‘give no notice of your
inteition, and go home, or take another en-
g2gem:n‘ under another name.’

“Built lt that [could not break a vow
so solemuly made, and which fate, whether
for good or evil, had so suddenly called upow
me to fulfil.

“*N>, Lam wrong; I did not love him, it
was only a ylamor—whether the result of
supernatural influenze or mere superstitio:
1 cannot preteni to say—'t was a m xture wf
drcad, r pul io», and 1a cination.

“ That day two wentbs was cur wedding-
day. Ihaisrive had to postp neitioa
much laier date, but he wouid uot g.vem
a woment’s peace until I cousented. ‘She
was only my wife in name,’ he kop; urzing,
‘so what need is there of delay ? ’

‘*A'thouzh the strange manner «f ou:
weony was unknown to everybody svave tie
friend I have before mentioned, 15 was im-
possiile for the comp ny not to see how
matters st od between us. But somehos
we had diif «d away from the rest, ani now
kept alo f from tiem, and only an occasion
al hint, or innuendo, or sy look told us o:
their observation, I know we were th:
constant theme of conversation and wonder-
ment, but I do not think any one eve:
dreamed it would bz a match,

“And we were both «qually desirous of
keeping our approaching marriage a pro-
found secret. My friend, aud one of the
actors whom Arnold bad a most sworn to
= .

secrecy, were to be the only witnesses, su
that when on that bright March morning we
entered the quiet suburban church, only a
few strange loiterers were there. We were
dressed in our ordinary costume, and no one
who had met us wou'd have suspected our

purpose, ;

“ When he pa:sed the ring over my finge:
his hand was \ike ice, 89 were his hps tat
just touched mine at the end of the cere-
mony, and I saw no joy in the livid face,
that was expre:sionless as though carved iu
stone.

“ We wa'ked back from the charch to my
lodgings, where we were to be domiciled for
the present. He sesrcely spoke the whole
way. He left me at the door, saying that

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

he was obliged to go somewhere, but that he
would retuds in time for dinner, which was
arranged for three o’clock,

“Tran upsturs om, bedioom, my heart
ready to burst with mort ficution, aud hid a
good cry. My friend did all she could to
console me aud to put a chcerful face upon
matters, and after a while I rallied a little,
and went downstairs and sat down to the
piano, and played and sanz to pa s away the
time.

‘Three o’clock came and paszed, and still
he did not return, Then his friend, who
had remvined with us, said he would go in
search of him.

‘In about half an hour he came back,
bringing Arnold with him. He afterward
told me that he had f. und him ployiug curds,
ani recklessly treating everybody wuo eu
tered the room at a tavern used by the
actors, I always possessed a yreat deal of
Spl conetpls and I kept myself quite tran-

uu.

**Tt had been arranged that we should
sup at my friend's lodgings, and thither,
fter the perf.rmance, for we piayed that
vizht, we went. There were only four us—
the four present at the ceremouy. Aruold
was dull and sullen, and at times seemed
scarcely couscious of where he was, for,
when addressed, he would start and look
v cantly about him, hke one suddenly arous-
ed from a doze,

“‘It was two o’clock in the morning before
we tu:ned our faces homeward. Silently he
pursued his way ; and I was too proud to
speak. But, oh, tle agony, the shame, tle
humiliat on I enduved that night ! When we
rived at our lodgings the tire was out, It
was avery chilly ui-ht, and he complaine:
of being cold, and said he should rekindle i\.
While he weut away seeking some wood in
the kitchen I ran away up stairs to my room
and weut to bed.

‘At last my achinz, swollen cyes closed,
and I ‘eel asleep.

“*When I awoke the cold gray dawn of
the spring morning was just stealiny across
the darkness of my room. I awoke with a
siart, aud sit boit u;right, with a sense oi
int ffable horror, Had I been dreaming? I
could not remember.. Yet there was upon
me all the terror which is left by sume
ghastly n'ghtmare,

“T leap: d out of bed, huddled on a driss-
ing-gown, and with bare feet hur:ied down
he stairs, It was impulse, nothi:g more,
for had no th ug tin what I was duing. I
opened the parlor door and looked in. All
was dark and sil nt. a

“««He has gone to sleep upon the sofa,’
was my reflectiun, My woman’s pride
prompted me to return to my chamber, but
some other feeling heli me rooted to the
spot. The chinks of tue shutters were pen-
cilled with faint lines of light. I crossed
the room, untarred aid tiirew them open,
and looked up at the sky, The waning
moon was high in the heavens, over which a
faint roseate flush was just stcaling, and a
wild ciorus of birds ia the trees close by
alouve broke the aeep stilluess of the early
morning.

**T stood gazing upon ‘he p cture for some
seconds n«t because I elt its beauty, but
oveause I darei nut, turn my head.

‘When, after a time, I summoned up
resolution to co so, it was slowly and by
degrees, First my fell upon the sofa; that
was empty ; then they traveled toward the
hearth. The tire bad burned into a great
noilow, gray aud b:own within, black above.
[ could see only a portion of the grate, a3 an

asy-chair was drawn ia front of it. There
,as Something in the chiir, something loll-
ing sideways; and there was a coat-slecve
with a hand danzling across one arm. I
could feel my hair bristie and my heart
stand still as I crept up to it, aud saw a
huddled heap of clothing, in which was half
ouried a livid, hair-strewn face.

“Tt was my husband—d-ad.”

Notre.—This story is not only founded
upon facts, but the events happeued almost
eeely as they are related here, —Temple

ar.

.—<—<— >

As John Milter, toll gate keeper in Adams
county, Pa., went out to collect toil of an
old man who was passing through the gate,
a bystander remarked that the two men
i oked enough alike to be twins, Invest pa-

in proved that thy were twiv brothers
bora in 1816 who had not secn each other
for sixty years. When they were four years
of age their mother, a pour woman, sent
them into separate counties to live among
friends, Tuis was the last they saw of
each other until this adventure, Danicl
Miller had lived within twenty wiles of his
brother, bat had no knowledge of the lat-
ters’ existence,

How Long will the Sun Last 7

PROF! SHOR C. A. YOUNG GIVER HIS VIEWS ON
THE VOTURE OF THE UNIVEKSE,

(From the Popular Science Mouthly).

How is the heat of the sun maintsined?
How lovug asit lasted already ? How Jong
willit continue? After affirming that, in
the present state of ecience, only somewhat
vague and unsatisfactory replies are possi-
ble, Prof. Young holds that, so far as ob
selvation goes, we can only say that the out-
p uring «f tie solar heat, amazing as it is,
appears to have gone on unchanyed through
all the centuries of human history. ‘Lhe au-
thor thinks that there is some truth iu each
of che two theories whie» have been pro-
pozed to account for the cun’s fire,

As to the first, the impact of meteoric mat-
tir, it is quite certain that solar heat is thus
produced ; but the question is whether the
supply of meteoric matter is sufficient to ac-
count for any vreat proportion of the whole.
After giving S:r William Taompson’s cal-
culation of the amount of heat which would
be produced by ewch of the planets falling
into the sun irom its present orbit, by whch
it appears that Jupiler would maintain the
sun’s present expenditure of energy for 32 -
254 years, and Mercury for s x years and 219
days, and that the co/lapse of all the planets
upon t'e sun would generate sufficient heat
to maintain its supyly for nea:ly 46,000
years; and after estimating that matter equal
to only about one-hundreth part of the mass
of the carth, faliing annually u on the soi
sur ace, would maintain its radia‘ion indeti-
nitely, Prof. Y.ung thinks it improbable,
from astronomical reasors, that any such
quantity of matter can be supposed to re+ch
tue sun. So large a quantity of matter
would necessitate a vastly greater quantity
circulating around the sun, between it and
the planet Mercury. But if there were tear
the sun meteoric matter equalling, for exam-
ple, the mass f the earth, it ought to pro-
duce an observable effect on the motions of
Mercury, and no such ‘ ffees has yet been de-
tected.

Astronomers, therefore, failing to find a
full «explanation of the cause of solar encrgy
in this hypothess, have adopted a secund
oue, which is, that the sun’s di:meter is
s'owly contracting, and that the gaseous mass
is yradual y 1 quetying and becoming sozid.
The ccnelusion is drawn that, if tuis theory
ve correct, there must come a time when
there will be no solar | ea’, as tkere has also
bcen a time when ft began. How far for-
ward is the end, how far backward the be-
ginning? Newcomb is authority for the
statement that, with its present radia‘ion,
the sun will shrink to half its present di:m-
eter in about five million years. Reduced to
this :ige, and eight times as dense as now, it
would cease to be mainly gaseous, and its
temperature would begin to fa'l. Hence
Newcomb assigns as the term during which
the sun can supply heat enough to support
life on the earth, as we know life, a period of
ten million years.

The writer somewhat more cenfidently
casis his eye backward, and concludes that
tnesun cannot have been emitt ng heat at
the pr sent rate for more than eighteen mil-
lion ycars if its heat has been generated in
the manner described. If the sun has coa-
tracted from a diameter even many timcs
larger that that of Neptune’s orbit, to its
present dimensioas, as if probably true in the
main, ‘‘we are inexorably shut up to the
co: € usion that the total lite of the solar sys-
tem, from its birth to its death, is included
in some such space of tite as thirty millions
of years ; uo reasonable ailowa: ce fur the fall
of meteoric matter.” @:., ‘could raise it to
sixty milliins.” The possibility of collision
with wandering stars, and the suggestion of
ways as yet unconc:ived of for restoring
wasted energy, are folowed by the state-
ment that ‘the present order of things ap-
pears to be limited in cither d rection by
terminal citastrophes which are veiled in
clouds as yet impenetrable.”

_—> + <<

A STRANGE kitten was given a home, on
the steamship Illinois, which was then in her
dock in Philadelphia. When the steamer
left Liverpool recently for home, it was
found that the kitten had been Jeft behind.
The captain an'l sailors were much grieved,
1 ecause they never expected to see her again.
When the British Crown, the next steamer
of the American line to sail from Liverpool,
arrived in Philadelphia, the first passenger
to creep ashore was pussy. With tail and
mane erected she flew oa board the Illinois,
and began to race about the decks, showing
in every way her dumb nature would aliow
the joy that was in her heart at getting back
to her old home,

PERSONAL

Maz. HuGHes tays tat Dean Stanley
the origina: of IT m Brown,

Siz Epwarp THorntrow and his family
return tu Wasuington this m nth.

Mk. MILLAIs returns hie income to the
Cummiséioner at seven thousand pounde,

THE Dean of Windsor is the confidential
adviser of the Qaeen in all matters belonging
to Church patronage.

war

GEROME, the artist, is now not far from
sixty years old, and is said to be one of the
hanudsomest men in France.

Lorp Hoveuton’s tenants lately presented
to his new dauyhter-in-law, Mre, Milnes, a
fine bracelet of pearls, diamonds, and rubies
as a wedding gilt.

Tue Empress Eugenie telegraphed to a
gentleman on the staff of Figaro who recent-
ly lost his daughter, a message begging leave
to associate herself with his yrief.

Joun Bricut, despite all of his Qnaker
antecedents, was beheld a fortuight ago
moved to tears by Modjeska’s imper-onation
of Mary Stuart at the Court theatre, Lon-
don.

Tue marriage of Prince William of Prus-
sia will take piace in Berlin on the 28th of
February. The prince and princess of
Wales will represent Queen Victoria on the
occasion,

Mrs, CHARLES CROCKETT, the wife of the
president of the Southern Pacitic Ruilway,
has expended three thousand dollars in
bringing the young actress Mi-s Calhoun be-
fore the public.

Mr. TENNYSON has spent the autumn at
his place on the Hampshire Downs, but he
passes the coming winter in London, and
does not leave for the Isle of Wizht until
summer,

BisHop CoLENSO is a man nearly seven
feet tall, and of a massive frame, He is
sixty-six years old, and is regarded by the
natives with awe and reverence, and they
salute him as a great chief.

Mr. GLapsTonE having been asked, some
little time ago, if he did not consider Ten-
nyson the greatest geuius of the age. replied
in the negative, and added that without a
doubt Disraeli merited that title.

IN spite of the fact that Prince Edward of
Saxe Weimar is a German, and so not prop-
erly in command at ali in the British ammy,
he is idolized throughout his military dis-
trict, and the object of universal respect in
the army.

THE widower of the Princess Alice, the
Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, is describ-
ed as looking every inch a prince ; he is tall
and ruddy, has a pleasant and intelligent
expression, with keen eyes, and a frank and
courtly manner,

PRINCE JEROME BONAPARTE is a remark-
ably fine talker, but when he wearies of his
mterlocutor he stands erect directly before
him, and yawns in the middle of one of his
sentences—which answers for Bonapartes, if
not for princes.

WHEN the Crown Prince visited Nurem-
berg, the burghers presented him with a
costly album. and at the same time declared
their loyalty to be as firm as the walls of
their city—the walls, however, are presently
to be entirely demolished.

THE Sultan seems to have more diamonds
than ducats. A cigarette that he offered
some one at a supper which he gave being
declined, he produced a snuff box set with
superb brilliauts, and bade the person use
that instead, and keep it.

CARVED on an old stone in a little Mary-
land grave-yard, after the name of the dead
and the customary formula, may be read the
words, ‘‘He held the pall at the funeral of
Shakspeare.” The late Fred Loring wrote
some fine verses on the discovery.

OutvE Logan has a friend who lived in
Cuba, and used to observe some grand ladies
driving out every afternoon with flowers in
their hair, diamonds on their necks, and the
volante full of the flounces of their gay silks.
One day the carriage upset and spilled ont
the high-mightinesses, and it was seen that
they had on neither shoes nor stockings.

One of the London papers recently re-
marked that Lord Dnufferin’s life at St.
Petersburg was made insupportable by h's
ignorance of French. The fact is, however,
that Lord Dufferin is one of the most ac-
complished French linguists living, and
presiding once at a banquet to the Comedie
Frarcaise, was eulogized by M. Got on the
fluency and felicity of his French,

Se

Chaudiere Mills.

Those establishments are chiefly ergaged
in the export trade. They arein full work
usually about six months of the year, viz:
from the 15th of May to the 15th of Novem-
ber. In this number cf the LuMBERMAN
we have only rcom to give a short descrip-
tion of the following :—

PERLEY AND PATTED’S MILLS.

The firm of Perley and Pattee was estab-
lished in the year 1857, and has very exten-
sive mills at the head of the Chaudiere Falls,
with large piling grounds, through a port‘on
of which are laid lines of rails for distribut-
ing the piling and shipping the timber.

They get out annually, from 150,000 to
250,000 Standards logs, producing from 30
to 50 million feet of pine lumber, of which
a considerable amount is kept always on
hand. They employ a large number of men
through the year ; on an averageabout 1000,
and 250 teams of horses,

Their miils are furnished with two slab-
bing gangs of twenty saws each ; two stock
gangs of forty saws each ; two Yankee gates
of thirty-two sawseach ; one single gate and
one re-sawing gang, with the usual compli-
ment of circular saws for butting and edg-
ing. The wheels cmploycd, are Rose’sim-
proved, and the Lamb wheel; one pair to
each gate,

J. R. BOOTH.

This gentleman first established business
at the Caoaudiere in the year 1858, by the
mauulacture of laths, and now carries on
extensive operations in sawing pine lumber.
His mills are situated on the south shore of
the Ottawa, just below the falls, and
manufacture annually from 26 to 30 million
feet of pine lumber, of which 12 to 15 million
feet are always on hand on his piling
grounds, which cover a space of about 10
acres of land,

These mills are fitted with gang and c’r-
cular saws as follows ;—

Three gangs containing 40 saws; 3 s'ab-
ber gangs, containing from 18 to 20:aws; 1
Yaukee gate contuiuing 36 saws; 1 large
circular saw for dimension timber; and a
large number of circular saws for butting
and edging.

Tae power employed is derived from the
waters of the Chaudiere, assisted by 14
Rose’s improved waterwheels, 2 for each
gate, and upright and central discharze
wheels,

Tais establishment gives employment, in
the winter time, in the woods, to about 850
meno and,300 teams, and in the summer
time, at the mills, to 400 men, and 40
teams.

Mr. Booth gets out 3 or 4 rafts of square
timber in the season.

LEVI YOUNG.

First established his business at the
Chauuiere in 1854, and owns one saw mill,
getting out and sawing about 100 000 in the
year, producing about 20,000,000 feet of
pine timber, He employs one slabbing gate
ot 40 saws; one stock gite of 40 saws ; one
Yankee gate of 32 saws, and the necessary
edying and butting saws. Tne wheels em-
ployed are Rose’s improved, 1 pair to each
gate. In addition to this, Captain Young
gets out annually about 3 rafts of squaretim-
ber, employing throuzh the year from fourto
five hundred men,

BRONSONS & WESTON,

This firm was established in 1853, and was
the first to take up land at the Cnaudiere
for the purpose of establishing a saw-mill on
a large scale, ¢

They are now proprietors of two large
saw-mills, and a grist-miull, lath aud splitting
mills, and own a large tract of land used as
a piling ground—the whole premises extend-
ing from near the wooden bridge to the point
of the island, They get out annue!ly about
100,000 lozs, producing between 30 and 40
feet of lumber, of which from 5 to 10 million
feet are always kept on hand,

The large mill contains 2 stock gangs, of
30 to 40 saws; 2 slabber yangs, 14 to I6
saws; 2 Yankee gates, 32 saws; 1 single
saw ; with the necessary butting and edgi) g
saws, The smaller mill contains 1 slabber
eght, 1 stock gate, and butting and edging
saws.

The wheels employed axe Roso’s improv-
ed and the Lamb wheel,

— eS ES ee een = —$—$<$— << —————————————————— eT _——_-eC CC RRP

THE CANADA

The lath mill contains two gangs for saw-
ing laths, 5 or 6 saws each; a butting ap-
paratus and picket saw ; and a splitting mill
for slabs; and produces 10 millions of
lathe.

They employ for six months of the year.
in shipping the productionsof these mills, 26
barges with 5 men each, 4 steamboats, 9 men
cach, in all 222 men.

It requires $3,000 to pay the weekly
wages of the employees of this establish-
ment.

THE BUCKINGHAM MILLS.

These mills are situatedon the River Da
Lievre, about four miles back from the Ot
tawa, and in conjunction with the mills
belonging to Messr.. Jas Maclaren & Co.,
on the opposite side of the river, have con-
trol of one of the finest water powers in Can-
ada ; the talls are 70 feet in heizht, and the
river Lievre being very deep and supplied
by many large lakes in the north, there nev-
er is any scarcity of water, even in the driest
summers,

The mills having recently been rebuilt,
are of large size, and fitted with every mod.
ern improvement, to save labour and to do
good sawing. The business done is about
800,000 loys a year, which are sawn almost
entirely into 3-mch deals for the Quebec
market, Aslde over two miles in length
conveys the timber from the mills to the
Basin, where the thinlumber is taken out
and piled, and the deals are run into the
water and rafted up intocribs.

All the logs sawed at these mills are made
on the tributaries of the River du Lievre
which drains an immense extent of countay.
The two firms that work on this river have,
at their own expense, built very extensive
slides to pass their logs over different falls,
and also constructed many booms, piers, &-.,
at different pomts, the Government never
having expended anything on the River du
Lievre tor improvements of any kind, though
the public have for very many years derived
a large revenue from it,
se Pr - --- ~——

New Brunswick.

NEW SAW-MILL,

Our Chatham (N. B.) correspondent
writes :—The Hon. Mr, Muirhead has com-
menced to build a two gang mill, on the site
of the three gang one? burned last spring
The new mill, it is said, if not superior, wil
be equal to the best in the Provinee, Th
people generally hail with delight this euter-
prise of the Senator, and hepe it wil prove
a fir ancial success to him, and trust that i
will be equally as beneficial to Chatham as
the burned one was under his management
aud that of his predecessors.

ST. JOHN LUMBER EXPORTS.

The lumber exports across the Atlantic

from St. John, N. B., from January lst to
October 3lst are shown by the following
table, with the names of shippe’s, and the
amount shipped by each;

Timber.
Deals ere
andends Pine. Birch
Fee". Tons. To:s
Alex. Gibson...... 70 433,000 20,; 5,252
RA & J Stewart..39.351 000 855 °,060
Guy, Bevan & Co ..29 198,000 .... «......
Carville, McK.&Co.29,990,000 291 893
W M McKay.......12,322,000 1,174 3831

S Schotield.......... 6 191,000 3l, 242
Mchichian& Wilson 547,000 3 2899

Motalecnd. Sak 186 032,000 2.374 15,177

MIRAMICHI LUMBER SHIPMENTS,

The Miramichi Advance publishes a table
which shows the quantity of lumber shipped
from Miramichi during the season just clos-
ed, by each of the sh ppers. The number
and tonnage of the ships are as follows :

SHIPPERS. VESSELS. TONS.

RY A GN Stewartee. eae 74 38 884
JB Shot balls. Sk Portes 74 38 104
Guy Bevan & Co............ 66 33 747
WSMainhkend? ere, Rees 32 16 816
D. & J. Ritchie & Co-..... 24 32 14 §27
A TNLOTISOM eu tees ee hettiee 27 12 619
Geo ielivad cine «cate eters 21 10 635
G lmonr, Rankin & Co....... ll 7 298
Geo Bure eo ae. 12 6 522
OoRSPRaddue.. sec: cee 1 617
350 179 799

The total shipment of deals is 154,694,312
superficial feet for the season, and it exceeds

LUMBERMAN.

theshipment of 1877—the big lumber year on
the Mramichi. The figures for that year
were 149 938.593 s. f. deals ; 5,409 166 pieces
paliny, aud 1827 tonstim er. The quantities
shipped each year since 1877 stand as
follows : :

8 F DEALS, PS PAL. TONS TIM.
1877....149 338 563....5 409 166....1827
1878....104 729 702....3 055 071.... 66
1879....114 618 000....2 784 500.... 500
1880....154 694 312....4 651 703....3225

Mr. Snowball shipped ten tons juniper
this year in addition to the woods stated
above,

The quantity of logs and deals left on the
Miramichi this season is much smaller than
for mony years. But for the fact that the
30,000,000 drive of logs which has hung up
so lons, has nearly all reached the boom,
the manufactured stock left over this season
would have only been a few thousands.
Seven mills were sawing yesterday but they
will have to cease in a day or two. Late as
the delayed logs were in coming dowr,
eeveral millions of teet have been converted
into deals from them and shipped, and the
present sawing will enable some of our
shippers to have a few cargoes «n hand for
carly delivery. The trace here appears to
thiuk that the merket in Great B-itain is
not in the most promising condition, and
operations for the next year’s business,
therefore, should be cautiously undeitiken

APPROXIMATE ESTIMATES FoR 1880 81.

A correspontent of the Monetary Times
writing from St. John, N. B., says :—Ihe
estimate made here by some well-info med
persons is that probably 400,000 000 super-
ficial feet may be got outin New Branswick
this season. This is ouly an approxim«tioa ;
but as the expurts of this province for the
this season now close: say 387,000 000 linea!
feet, it 1s not likely to be far astray. These
400,000 feet will likely be apportioned some-
what as follows ;—

The M:ramichi.......... 120,000 000 feet.
Other North Shore ports.. 15 000,000 ‘‘
The SteJohn.s. ida. tre 220,000 000 **

Other places....** 45,000,000 ‘*

Total Gece weer 400,000,000 feet.

To these ‘‘guesses”” I may add some facts,
viz ; that the shipments this year from New-
castle, male in 129 vessels of 68,626 tons,
were 54,808 000 ret of deals and ends as
against outy 15,809 000 last year. The ship-
ments of scrutiin.s, bittens, boards anil
palings, were more than doubled, Of:quare
imber, 616 tons birch and 143 tons pine
were shipped, as compared with 158 tons
birch and 31 t:ms pine in 1879, made in 36
ships of 19,406 tons,

The Recult in Bayham.

In days gone by the township of Bayham
was known as ‘‘saw-log Bayham,” for the
reason that from 1840 to 1855 lumbering
was the industry of the municipality. Dur-
ing the early part of that period oak trees
were put undercontribution and the business
was staving. The shipments to the Quebec
market were about 100,000 pipe and 400,000
t» 600,000 West India staves per year; the
ex:ct number in 1845 was 109 658 pipe and
624,707 West India. The pine, however,
_reatly cutnumbered the oak, and although
an extensive raid was organized against them:
they furnished much employment until about
the year 1872. In 1849 there were twenty-
n ne saw mills in the township, and in 1851
the first steam whistle sou,deiin Port Bur
we'l, Mary of the mills would cut 40.000
feet per day, There is not now a sing e siw
mi!l at the Port, nor six in the townsh'p
doing any considerab!e business, but their
teeth of steel did in their time cat untold
millions of feet of excellent lumber, that
found its way over the waters of Lake Evie
to the busy marts of the world. From tuo
to four hundred vessel loads were cent per
year. Much also was sent uncut in rafts
soma2\imes two miles long,

; Trenton.

Me:srs. Gilmour & Co's cut of lumber
here 1s 32,000,000 ft., for this season. The
firm are emp oying a number of men en-
larging both mills and intend putting in
more machinery to make the capacity 45,-
000,000 ft., for next season, which wiil give
employment to 400 men, making this one of
the largest mills in Ontario,

-$t. John Biver.

A late New Brupswiok paper says :—Dar-

ing the past two months a large number
men and trams have gone to lumber at Burnt
Hill, Clear Water and other tributaries of

the Southwest Miramichi, on the lands
owned by the New Brunswick Railway
Company. The operations will be continued
until the 15th of April next—this Leing the
specified time when the rafting of the logs
will be commenced. It is expected that
about 10,000,000 feet will be got out durin
the winter aid then rafted and ane
to Indiantown during the summer ty the
towboats, The lumberit issaid is being cat
to the order of Guy, Bevan & Co, Mr, G.
Tapley ond one of his brothers are to pro-
ceed to Burnt Hill, when they are to com.
mence eciling what has been c
Me:sra. Isaac Stevens and Guy Keswick are
to accompany the Messre. Tapley on the
journey. The later have secured a similar
job on the Clear Water district.

At Madawaska the axe cf the Jumberman
will resound through the forests more vigor-
ously than it did fur many seasons p*evious.
It is estimated that tetween 8,000,000 end
9 000 000 fect will be cut during the sea-
-on’s operations, The lumber is intended
for consamption among the various sawm Ils
at Indiantown, 8 rai.ht Soore, Portland,
and Carleton. Messer. G. & Otty Baznal
have been awarded the coutract for the scal-
ing of the lumber. R-poris from other
p ints show that business in the woods tis
winter will be carried on with as large
extent as possible,

Muskoka.

The Medora correspondent of the Mus-

koka Herald says: — Lumbering is very
brisk, both on islands and on mainland
How is it that people who buy islands can
take off the pine free of stumpage dues.
Oue island in this township was bought for
about $270, and the pine alone on it sold
for $3,500, or something like that ;—not a
bad speculation. The beauty of the Jake
will scoa be a thing of the past, if this
etripping of islands goes on much longer.

Last week's Star contiins the flowing :
—The Parry Sound Lumber C mpany’s
Mill was shut down for the seas m last Sat-
ur: y, Owing to the weather. Iv was che
iu en ion of the Company to have kept tke
mil running for some time yet. The sea-
:ou's cut has been very larze, reaching close
to sixteen million feet, Taken altocether
this Las been the best season for the lumber
urade for many years. How the next season
wil turn out it is bard to say. Wages and
sup hes are higher aud, from preseut indi-
c.tions, the weather threatens to be very
severe and the snow unusually deep. This
will, of course, increase the cost of uc-
tion of timber, and the prices will have to
remain at a good figure in order to make it
pay. »

A reliable corres c
following estimate of the quantity of square
pine being got out on the upper Ottawa aud
tributaries this winter:

A : Cubic Feet

Alexander Fraser..... aly AL. 808 000

British Canada Lumber Co......... 600 000
David Moore:..:...... setstsesee 550 000
P, McLareietee a eee 2 +++. 450' 000
B.'Catdwéllh.. Sr seas cae .... 450 000
MeLichl'n Bros... ic... 2s eeseseees seeee £00 000
A & Po Whrte®.. 8... 2d. Sed 000
JR? Ban ee Refer cS . 80u 000
L Banque Natiorale........... :

Tnistle, Francis & Co... 0.2...
‘Atlan Graht oo... cutee
Wa. Mackey ov. co. ae a. nc
Ao “BSIGG cc ocaun<nees stars
Jas. MacLaren & Co.... 2...
O° Latour i. icc, +a:k sp osaene ee
J. & GBryson ..... concen

Gillies Bros... .. .<. -ssceee
Hilliard & Dickson.............---+ 000
L. White... -csscteuns coset
R&T. Klock... veces ee ee enee es 100°000
Beli & Hickey.......-scsye0:+-en 2+ 100 000
Jan. Banhaa... cen twa cane ..-. 100 000
R. Campbell... ......0.2-scce:c+2seeeee 100 000
Jag. Findlay... nono 0 on.- ou anren eae 100 900
Oy te ee
.. «+ 600 000

Other firms, say.........s.eeeeee

————

Total.cccsass aw sannsates pam EX 350 000

THE

CANADA LUMBERMAN.

MINING NOTES.

Extensive operations will be carricd on
in the Miss ssippi mine this winter, Four
steam dril s were taken out to the works on
Saturday, which will b» placed ia position
at ence.—Smith’s Fal's News.

Mr, Hall, trom the F.iteen Mile Striam
gold district, is in town, having brougit
with him three bricks of god. Each brick
weighs over one hundred ounces, and the
whole is the iesult of the labour of seveu
men for three monihs.—Hayfax Exch inge,
Dec. 2.

Important dise»veries of gold and silver
quartz ledges have been made ia Nasse river
in the vicinity of Alaska, S ,ecimens which
have been shown in town are very rich, The
miners think that the le.jges are located in
British territory, but they are very near the
boundary line.

Three men were seriously injured list
week at the Hull iron mixes, in tne employ
of Col. Robbins. When about leaving for
the day a large piece of ore fell from the
shaft, somee'ghty feet, Angus McMillan and
Michael were so seriously injured that their
recovery is doubtful.

A private letter received: at Ottawa from
New York c ty announces the arrival of an-
other party of French epitalists, who visit
this continent to seek a fi d for investment
in mines. Eff rts are being made by gentle-
men here toinduce them tv visit the valu-
able mining properties in d fi-rent parts of
the Dominion before returniug to France.

Railway land has Jately taken a jump, and
is held at stiff prices. Bels ‘*E” Jand now
brings $2 above the G»vernmmeut price, or
$2.90 per acre. Good s:lez are frequently
made; Mr. J. I. Jchnston, last week, sold
480 acres in the Pembina Monntzin district
to a» Ontario genileman for $1,600.—Hmer-
son International. ;

M+. Antoine Gaudaur has returaed to
Cob. conk, from the north where he has been
for the past six weeks making an estim ste ot
the tiuber lateiy come into the ' ands of the
Toronto bank. -We understand the report
is fav: urable for the bink and that there is
no doubt but we shall have another mill
luuning here next summer.

Sitka (A'a.) alvic2s state that the town
was visitid by a severe cyc'che rd a heavy
sheck of earthquske on Ovi, 25h. The
wharf wzs wrecked, and many roofs znd

fence: demolished. A party of miners re-
turned f om the interi r of A!aska and the
head wa ers of the Yukon Riv: r report fiud-

ing numercus gold deposits and in iications of
rich placers. Asother expedition wiil go out
next season.

The Smith’s Falls News, corresyonden-
says :—Mr. M. Norris, foreman ‘or a amelt-
ing worss company at Port Leyden, J ff rt
son county, N. Y., h-s been bere lookiny
for men tv hire. He ‘ffers sixty-five cents
for clopping liemleck into ecrdwood to be
converted into charcoal for smciiing pur-
poses—this is without boar’, This is 2
good chonce for the numer of un m)loyed
young mn to be seen almo-t everywhere.

Tie Per'h Ezposstor unierstands that
Mr. B sd Caldwell has received ai offer o’
forty th usend dollars for his iren’ mine in
-Lavant. It is uw doubtedly a tine densi,
and when t:e Kngston & Pembroke R i!
way i- extend:dt R nfrew, it will ie w ih-
in aconvcnient distance for shipping. The
Kingston & Pembroke Railway will vev lop
au exvellent wiving avd lumbering Cistric }

— we hepe soon to see it exteudid to R n
ew.

Mr. 4. A, McLa chlin, Coboconk. has
ant some samples «fsione to Turunts to be
_ tested there as to i's tnitzbility for found.-
tions for the new pervameut buuciny-. 1
_ am told that t’ ey are 1! e strongest of | wen-
_ ty-two variet es 1ece ved. The same -en-
tleman is al-o orn ing a syndicate for the
working «f an iron mine near Guli Lake. I
am told lit!o rephice st ne ist. be qiairid
in the spring and thi pho-phate m-ninz wi!)
be one of our next year’s indusdrier. If all
tho:e expectations are realized Coboconk
wiil leap from it» present lethargic state to
@ poriticn of provincia! prou-inence.
_ A Kingston paper says:—Aarrangemenis
are nearly com; leted for the establishment
of 4 new industsy—the mavufzcture of char-
coalandirov. Itis not definitely known
where it will be ocsted, but iv is likely that
@ position convenient to the Mississippi
will be chown. The compary has
nized, an is compored of eome of
Wealthiest ci zn-. It is intended to
mence op ratio * with a capital of $40,-
merely msuuf.cturing charcoal b oums
first, if the undertaking proves a suc-

eee

a ee ee
$a pent

AM eee

cess, the capital will be la gely increxe i,
aud operations extend d to the mauufacture
and bviler

of bar iron, Canada piate,
plate,

The Sentine’-Star says that on Monday
afternoon Mr. Robert EK] ot, who las ben

working in Madoc all summer, left at this

office +p cimens of the fussilize| wood now
The specimen
he prveured for Dr, Huanel, scieuce mas-

being mined at that place,

ter is at Victoria colleve, but the curious

can see them at this ffic: for a day or
two, Mr, Eliot states that the material
in the mine has the appearance as if a

torest ones stood there aid that the trees
had been prostrated by a hurricane, which
is probably the way the deposit occurred.
This wooi, which has been ‘‘ turned to
stone,” is mined in large quantities, and is
sent to the other side where it is ground
and mide int» a fire-proof paint, a pecullr-
ity cf it being that fire has no «ffect upon
it,

Mr. Church, who recently returned from
the new gold fields north of L»xke Superior,
repo:ts to the North Shore Miner that he
traced the course of the vein for six m es,
and it had an average breadth of from 35 ‘0
40 fret. A recent assay showed 4 yielu of
$24 16 of gold and silver to the ton of
quatz. Mr, Church,.the discoverer, has
speut over ten years in Cal fornia, and feels
warranted in saying that this newly discov-
ered mineral country bids tair to rival any
gold rezion he has ever seen. The topogra-
phy of the district is briefly described as
rocky and undulating, well timbered with
white and piich pine, birch, balsam, ani
tamarac. Soil mostly of sandy loam. The
scenery is also very fine.

vein is a water-fall of greatforce, that will av
nv distant day be msde to combine the use-
ful with the beautiful.

A writer in the Picton (N, 8.) Standard

calls attention to the advantig-s «ffered by

that locality for the iron indusiry. The
qualitics of the d ff-rent ores, the nearues

of coal ad lime, and the faciliti-s of transit,

m-ke the future of mining aud manutactar-
ing operati ns very promising in Hopewell

and neighbou hod, a few miles from Pictou,

where the writer th nks there is the ma! ing
In view

of a Carron, or a Mer: hyc Tydoil.
of the fact that s ee rails are being larg.\y
imported into th. U.ited States, jis. be
caase th» demand exceeds the supply, ani
the en»:moas requirements of the Pcsti
Railway, it is ciaimed that the abi ty o

tue P ctou’s irsn rezion should not be over-
looked. An outlay of two milous in the

home manufac’ure of he rails requir d to:
the Canadian Pucitie would eveutual y be
the saving of five. I is urged that a repre
sentation shoul be made to the Cana tix:
Syndica'e of N va Se. tia’s prospects, a «|
an inspection ivit. d, with a view to che,
appropriation.

Closed for the £eason.

Tie Lumberman G z tte, Bay Oty, r-
marki g ou th su den change to winter
weather, sxy8;— ‘N t ichst nding the pr -
mature closing of the s wing season, by
whie) the the cut jas eu eur ailed some
20,000,000 f-et, the umbe: product of the
Swinaw vailey for the ses £1880 will
be fou: d exceeling y lr e. T e estimates
made‘by som- +f tie mils wu ec. have shut
down sh; wv at there bas b:en a lirge in-
crease uver 1879 The yroduct«f 1880, im
this wistrict,wil not b: f.r fr m 775 000,000
et, an iner aseover la t yeir » 50 000,000
f-et. It seems probabie tust no w.tustin i-
ig the larze s ipments.f the season there
vill beleft over unsy d a Jarger amount of

ymber than at h+ close of the season of
1879. It will be of the coar-er grades which
nave been slow of sae. Should it be as
mueh of a drug next year as.th's the accum-
ulation may have a depr s-ing eff ct on the
market, The preper way to p-ev ut such
ali outcome is (0 exe:@ se pra e: care inthe
stlect on ef timber this wintr, to the end
that a better quality of stock may he secur-
ed for next season’s cut ing. Taken all in
ail, however, the season of 18£0 will be re-
garded by the minufacture:s of lumber as
one of unvarying success, The average
pric- realized h s been nearly two dol'ars
pr thousand feet greater than that of last
yar, while the addition 1 ¢ st of manufac.
bas vot been to exceed fi tyeents. Of cours:
the increasing value of stumpage must b

considered when profits are being coun'ed.
The sea on closes prematurely, but wot
mvc’ f ult will be found therewith, as the
result will be to merely trauster operations
in the wuods,

Several rapit
striams traverse the location, and near the

LUMBER NOTES.

The shipments of Jumber from Minnea-
po is from Jan. 1st, and including Nov. 6 h,
1880 was 144 290 000 fect; som: time last
y a 129,050, feet ; same time in 1878, 108 -
730 000.

Tne Alpena pionezr says: Tae late storm
made the lumbermen look blue. Many o:
them had thcir yards full of lumber to ship,
and their booms full of lozs to cut, and it
looked asif thousands of dollars nerd«d iu
their wipt:rs work would hie in the booms
and on the piles.

A black ash tree with beautifully fizured
grain, cut in Western Ontario, when cut up
sold in New York for $3000. The stump
sold for auother $100; Tue product was
used for veneering.

The N. Lulington company’s mill at Mar-
inette, Wis., h»srun 195 days thix season,
cutting 25 000.000 ieet of Jumber, 6 250,000
shingles, 4.500,000 lath and 1,000,000 pick-
ets. The compiny has seven» camps, em
ploying 175 men, in the woods.

During the past season the- Titiabassee
boom e mya-y has rafted 3,994 997 pieces
against 3 217 640 pieces for 1879. Iv is es-
tmate thavthe number of teet will reach
575,000,000. ‘he tootings ar’ not ec »mp et-
ed, for the seasou of ’79, 445,000,000 fet
were rafted,

Business in the district (says the A!bany
Aygus) has closed for the season of 1880.
Many of the trade have already left the
District and taken up their winter quar-
ters in their city «ffices. Itis estimated
that of pine lumber t ere is at least 15,000,-
000 feet sold which will be wintered over
here, of which about 5,000,000 ix «fi at. O1
hard wood from 300 000 to 350,000 feet have
been sold, but not delivered ; some of it
will go forward during the winter. It is
estimated that between Albany and White-
hall there are thirty -five b at loads of coarse
lumber fr. zen in on the Champlain Canal
‘ound to Aibny, Shipments are bring
made by rail to New York and South,

The Northwestern Lumberman says :—
“Weare not aloue in our suprise at the
-uccome of the log crop of Michigan for the
winter of 1879-80, which was legitimately
upposed to have been much curtailed in
e usequence of the unfavourable character
of the winter for lo»ginyg purposes. A Jess
favourable wiiter f r getting in logs than
was the last could scarcely have been im-
a_ined by the lumberman who were enga--
ed-in the busi ess. Logs cut as long zgu as
tn years have been rece ved in quartites,
wile those cut six or ei ht years azo, and
vith marks lon» sinc+ out of record, have
oue cqually free in qua.tty. The am oun
» rein which bas failn during the sumime:
has kept the rivers of Micsig.n durin
ne 'riy the entiye season at a driving stage
of wa’er, and the 0; portunity has been 1m-
preved to sack the shores of the rivers of
the ogs which year after year have acci-
mul t d,

Th K -nnebee, (M..) luabermenare very
tive usw inp ep icy for their winter op-
rtion., Some have already sent in smal
ce ws, S. A. Nye having a crewon No. 3
ou. bh eeweeks. M ssrs. N. Torman &
Sous, E. Totman & Co., aud A. H. & C. E.
Du en, wiil start a portion of their crews
tis week, the remauider to fo.low later in
tices aso. The to ial amount of cuts will
be about 14,000,000 feer, d vided among the
diff e. fi ms aboutas f Jlows: E. Totman
& Co 4,000,000: N. Totman & Sons, 4,-
500 000 ;S. A. Nye from 25,00,000 to 3 -
000 00U; H. & C. E. Duren, 2,000 000. A
age number of men aid teams wil be em-
ployed. A Jlarge number cf firms had a
large portion of their last year’s cut left in
the river, the Water being so low that, they
were unib.e to drive them. These, toge-
ther with their present oper tious, will
make business lively next seascn,
Sa oo oe

Tue En iish papers tell of a priess near
Traie-, Ireiaid. who made his congregation,
at two ma ses, promise on their kn es not to
imbrue their hinds in the blo: of one of his
parisbioners—a large land agent.

Ohio, now th» second coal State in the
country, wil 1 ine ever 7,000 000 tous this
year, agai st 6,427,379 in tue yar eniling
the 3lst of last Way. Four new fields have
'een oprn d this year—C alton in Jackson
county, Corning, in which G vernor Fostir
i8 interested, in the Sunday creck valley,
De! Roy in Carroll county, and Wheeling
Bunk, along the extension of the C.eveland,
Tuscaroras Valley, and Wheeling road,

MILLIAG NOTES.

Last week a shipment of 1200 barrels of
flour was sept from Guelph w Mr. Gibson
Lie extentive lumber merchant on the St.
John River, New Brunswick.

There were received at Collingwood dur-
ing the season of navigation 3,868,455 bueh-
els of corn and 633 410 bushels of wheat,
making a total of 5,501,884 bushels.

A new mill has been opened at Wood.
bridge, Ont., by Mr. Willitm Mackie, which
is known as a ‘wollen extract mill.” He
purposes utilizing old carpets, old coats or
dres-es, or any articles containing wool, by
a process which separates the woolen from
the other fibre in mixed goods. The wool so
obtained is to be used in making a variety
of fabrics,

The receipts of grzin and flour, reduced to
bushels, at Buffalo, from the opening of nay-
gation to November 1st, according to the
B ffilo Commercial Advertiser, amouuted to
100,000,000 bushels, or 50 per cent. more
thau for the corresponding period last year,
and 37 per cent. more than the largest
amount teceived in any preceding year.
The larger part of the grain was forwarded
east by canal, the amounts so shipped being
63,289.404 bushels, aganet 46,845 194 hush-
els in 1879 and 53,238,725 bu-hels in 1878.
More giain was received during Oc’ ober
than in any other month, the qusntity being
16,186,000 barrels of flour. 25,100,000 bushels
of wheat, and 35,250,000 bushels of corn,
against 3,863 barrels of fi ur, 25,100 000
bushels of wheat, and 10 000.000 bushels of
corn last year. The Advertiser adds that,
**to have transported the 73,350,000 bushels
of grain and 18,000 barrels of fioar by rail,
would have taken 35 trains of 20 cars each
per day for six months, including Sundays.”
—Bradstreet.

HALIFAX AND THE GRAIN TRADE.

Sir Charles Tupper, in reply toa letter of
Mr. Doul, President of the Halifax Cham-
ber of Commerce, states that if an experi-
ment now being made should succ-ed, the
Governm:nt wil submit to Parliament a
proposal to erect an elevator in that city.
Two cargoes are to he sent over the Inter-
colonia! Railway to test the practicability
of sending produce by this route. In pro-
posing to erect an elevator, the government
gces very far; and the only justification for
the step, is that the shipping of grain by
tiis route is yet in the experimental stage.
{n most cities, elevators are proviled by
private enterprise ; but capitalists are here
not willing to risk anythiog on the success
of a business which has yet to be e-tablish-
ed. It is only in the exent of the experi-
ment now beng tried proving successful
that the government is to build n elevator.
Will two cargoes furnish sufficient experi-
ence to drawaconcl:s onfirom? If Halifix
ca italists had no doubt on this pint, it
would be sirange it they threw away the
cnance of the profits which an elevator
mizht be expect«d to make, There is pro-
bably a more brilliant future in sture for
Haiax than its cit zens believe. I+ be-
comes them, we thi.k, t» be more s+ f- ei-
a t ond euterprisng. The Winter term: us
of the Pacific Railway on the Atlantic must
pecome a city of great im) ortance.

THE UNITED STATES’ WHEAT CROP.

Bradstreet’s final sunmay cf the wheat
yieli for 1880 for the en'1'e wheat growing
regions o the United St t s is as follows :—
Western Siates, 323 675 0CO bushels ; Paci-
fic coast, including Wasiin_ton Territory,
39.300 000 bushels ; Sout ern States, 41.-
929,000; Middle Siat+s 36 595,000: Colura
dol and T rritories, 12 85v,000 ; New E g-
land, 1,100 000; grand total, 455 649 000.
The needs of the cru tri fr food, serd,ete.,
is pleced at 265,000 000 bushels. On this
ba~is tnere wili be left a mar_in of 190.724,-
000 bus els for export to supp!y the detici-
e cies—Switzerland, Spain ~ni Portuyal,
6 000,000 bushels ; Italy. 5,090,000: Great
Bri .n, 120,000,000; F ane , 42,000 000;
Hollsrd and Belgium, 14,500 000 ; G rmany,
20,000,000; West and Eaxt Indies and Cen-
tral and South America, 2,000,000.; toral,
327,500 000 bushels. Apparent surp!us pro-
duction, 27 250,000 bushls. The wheat
crop of 1880, as estimated by the D-part-
ment of Ayriculture, amounts to 480,849,723
bushels, against 448,755,118 bushels last
y«ar.

THEY have a new way of curing women’s
hysterics in India. They tie the paticnts
hands and feet together and then thrust cot-
ton wicks sieeped in oil up their nostrils
and into herears. A woman who has had
hysterical dumbness will recover her speech
in a very short time under this treatment,

a TO oe -

SS

ti
}
y

6

AN ENGLISH WAR COR-
RESPONDENT.

“« Archibald Forbes once a private soldier ?
Then his origin must have been very humble
and his education self-acquired.” Not so
fast, good readers. There are those who
have poverty thrust upon them, and others
who thrust poverty upon themselves. I am
afraid Archibald Forbes belonged to the
latter class. His father, Loiis Forbes, was
a Presbyterian Doctor of Divinity, while his
mother belonged to the old family of Leslie.
Living in the north of Scotland, Forbes
studied first at scnoo], then with a tutor,
and finally at the Aberdeen university.
Though excelling in classics, he had such an
aversion to mathematics that when the sen-
atus academicus recently proposed to confer
upon him the degree of LL. D., an irate pro-
fessor exc aimed :

‘*T can never consent to such a mockery.
As a student Mr. Forbes was ‘ploughed’ in
mathematics, I shall never consent that a
man should receive an honorary degree from
this university who has failed to psss his ex-
amiuations.”

Fortunately for Forbes, success on the
battle-field does not depend upon the ap-
pendix of LL. D.

During Forbes’ second collegiate year, his
father dropped dead in his pulpit. There
being nine children, and little fortune, Archi-
bald left Aberdeen for Edinburgh, with de-
signs first upon the law, and secondly upon
the church. While endeavouring to decide
upon a career, he spent all his money, and
fell in love with a young lady, with whom
he arranged to elope in a gig on a certain
Sunday when the obdurate father was to be
at church. Alas, ‘‘ the best-laid schsmes 0’
mice and men gang aft a-yley?’ The obdur-
ate father waylaid our hero, remonstrated
with practical determination, and turned
the love-!orn youth intoa ditch, whence he
arose sadder and wetter,

Attaining his majority in 1850, Forbes
became possessed of $2,500, and determined
to join a cousin in Canada who owned a large
tract of land near Lake Huron. Oa reach-
ing Quebec, he lingered in the old town,
heid by the beaming eyes of his landlord’s
daughter. Atthe end of three months, the
wild Scotchman had exhausted his resources,
confessed his poverty to the landlord’s
daughter, and abandoned the idea of joining
his cousin. With eight shiilings in his
pocket, he shipped for home as a sailor, and
steered tivelve hours a day for weeks, when
his vessel became water-loyged. No timber-
ship can sink, otherwise Forbes wou!d have
gone tothe bottom. There was no cooking
for a week, life being maintained on biscuits
and salt meat, After seversl sailors had
been washed overboard, the crew tock to
the boat, which was picked up by the cottou
ship Moses Taylor, from New Orleaus.
Finding that the crew were sadly diseased,
Forbes, who had studied medicine en amateur,
got out the medicine-chest, killed one patient
and cured the rest. Qi course h's susce,-
tible heart fel] a prey to the captain’s daugt-
ter, upon whom, when bidding her ferewell
in Liverpool, after three month’s tas‘e of salt
water, he squandered his last eight shillings
in grapes,

What was to be done? Never without
resource, Forbes sold a fine field-glass, aud,
with the money, went to London, where he
was recruited in the Royal Dragoons, De-
spite his tendency to ‘‘larks,” he made rapid
headway. In addition to his appointment
as school-teacher to his company, Forbes was
made acting-quartermaster-sergeant, wi hout
the rank of sergeant, is he happened to be
the only man ot his company who. could
solve the following stupendous problem in
mental arithmetic,—‘‘ If one man is allowed
the thirty-seventh part of an ounce of pep-
per per day, what is the amount to be
drawn for two hundred men per week.”
Having compassed this, Forbes was let off
from punishment drills, aud became an ob-
ject of admiration to his companions, Al-
ready articles by him had been accepted for
‘* Household Words” and the ‘Cornhill
Magazine.” Shortly after, he competed
for a prize essay of fifteen guineas, to be
written by a working-man, ‘ On the advan-
tages the mother-cuuutry derives from her
colonies.” He was then stat‘oued at Wee-
don, where libraries are conspicuously ab-ent,
and as he knew nothing about the colonies,
how could he obtain dates? Discovering
an old encyclopadia, he collected his mater-
ial from it, wrote his essay, and secured the
prize !

Owing to literary earnings, Forbes had
more money than his fellows, and conse-

THE CANADA

uently got into frequent trouble. His
colonel—now General Wardlaw—was a strict
disciplinarian, and meted out punishment
unflinchingly. Toward the end of his mili-
tary career, which lasted five years, Fo: bes
bore a very good character—a happy change,
which would protvably hive led to promutivn
had not his health given way and caused
him to be invalided. After enduring ignor-
ant army-hospital treatment for eiyhteen
months, he went to London, got well in six
wecks, and was then sent to Aldershot to
show the military surgeons how easy had
been his cure,

In Josing an obstreperous soldier, England
gained a new species of correspondence,
Forbes’s first cont ibution to journali-m
was pubished in 1866, in the ‘‘ Evening
Star.” He became a casual writer on the
‘*Morning Advertiser,” ani once received
eighteen pence for a paragraph accepted by
the ‘‘ Daily News.” On this promising in-
come he married ; after publishing an article
in the ‘‘Cornhill” on ‘‘ Army Reform,” and
another io ‘‘St, Paul,” entitled ‘* So!diers’
Wives,” both of which were wel received,
Forbes started a paper called tha ‘* London
Scotsman,” intended like every other news-
paper, to fill an aching void. It provideo
Scotenmen with e ndeused news from their
own country, but as they either failed to see
its necessity, or expected to get it for noth-
ing, the editor did rot amass a fortune,
He eked out a precarious existence by
occisional dramatic and musical criti-
cism contributed to the ‘‘ Morning Adver-
tiser.”

Unfortunately for art, Forbes is not the
only eximple of the wrong man in the wrong
place. When seat to pronounce upon the
merits of a performer on the pedal piano-
forte, the ex-soldier revarded the artist from
a gymnastic point of view and praised him
as an acrobat !

Ou the breaking-out of the Franco-Ger-
man war, Forbes was engaged in writ ng
a novel for his paper, while cherishing
the idea that nature had desiyned him
for war correspondence, an idea he com-
municated to James Grant, editor of the
‘* Morning Advertiser,” who soon after said
to him ;

**Pve concluded to offer you a position as
war correspondent, Choose whichever side
you prefer,”

Having studied G-rman tactics, »cquired
a slight knowledge of the Germain language,
and feeling sure that the German eagle
would win, the ex soldier-editor went
direct to Saarbruck, and witnessed the
‘“baptism by fire,” on August 2, 1870. It
is strange that he should have beheld the
defeat at Sedan, seen Louis Nap leon
dead at Chiselhurst, and his son dead in
Africa,

At Saarbruck, Forbes helped to save the
life of Major Battye, who belonged to the
celebrated Indian Guides,and has since been
kiled in Afghanistan. Following the Ger-
mans as a spectator, Major Battye lost his
temper on seeing a sx ldier killed beside him.
Seizing the dead man’s needle-gun, he opened
upoa the French, and promptly received a
chassepot bullet in the ribs. Forbes preked
up the impetuous major, carried him to a
place of sefety, and temporarily repaired him
by encasing him in brown paper piaster-
ed over with paste.

Present at the battles of Coureelles,
Viouville, and Gravelotte, Forbes advane:d
with the Germans to Paris. He and his
companions were so far forward as to be ig-
corant of the fink movement to the righ:
which ended in the battle of Sedan, and
held on their way aloue through Chalons
until actually warned by the French in the
street to be careful or they would fall into
the hands of the Germans, who had heen
seen in the mighvwurlood. Recovern
touch of the Germans, Forbes was under fire
the entire day, and the next morning wit-
nessed Napoleon’s surrender to Bsmarck.
He and his young Du‘ch companion, De
Lieide, were the ouly civilians who witness-
ed the historic event.

On thenight of the day Napoleon left for
Wilhelmshoho, Forbes and D- Tiefde, being
unable to find quarters e sew \ere, asked for
lodging in the Chateau Believue. which had
heeu the ex emperor’s temporary residence.
Their request was granted. but without ford.
While F rbes was writing his despatch on
the table on which thec pi ulation had bern
signed, De Liefde sat guawin, a ham-boue
taken from their own stores, Failing by
this means to appease a ravenous appetite,
he threw the bone in disgust up n the
table, and up et Forbes’s ink. Oa returning
to the Chateau, three months later, Forbes
was gravely shown the stain of his own ink
as a souvenir of the capitulatim! The
French commander had upset the bottle in

LUMBERMAN.

his rage at Moltke’s exorbitant demands !
It was then that De Liefde and Forbes tossed
for the right to sleep in the ex-Emperor’s

bed. Tae ever lucky Forbes won. On a
‘ittle table by the bed, with leaf turned
@ook, was the book which Napoleon had
re d before going to sleep,—Bulwer’s ‘‘ Last
of he Barons !”

Forbes was the first non-combatant to ride
round Paris before the city was entirely in-
vested, and while waiting at Meaux for the
progress of the environment, he received
orders to return home. ‘The ‘f Morning Ad-
vertiser” no longer required his serv cea, for
the quaint reason that this j urnal alreidy
nad a correspondent inside of a city which
was alout to be beseiged ! F.urbis reached
London in three days, sole possessor of in-
formation concerning French plans. As his
essay in war correspondence had abruptly
ended in recall, he concluded to return to
his miserable ‘‘ London Scotsman.” ifow-
ever, he determined, if possible, to sell his
knowledge. As ‘‘The T mes” turnel a
deaf ear to his application, Forbes stvod in
F ect street, and tissed ‘‘o’/d mn out,”
10 whi«h of three papers—‘' Daily New;,”
**Siandard,” and ‘‘ Telegraph ”’—he should
go with his copy. Tne ‘‘Daily News’
won the toss. He found favour at last, and
was told to write three columns, On return-
ing to the office to state that the sub-
jeet was not yet exhausted, the editor re-

ed;
pie Write on, then, until it is. We'il
take as much as you like of éhis kiad of
copy.”

Forbes wrote six columns and arranzed fo:
another artic'e to appear the day after, but
when he presented his second manuscript
the manager said t

‘*T don’t think we want it.”

The tone greatly irritated the already
jaundiced Forbes, who politely requested
Mr. Robinson * to go to the devil,” aud then
proceeded to go elsewhere himself, Chas-
lng the correspon lent up the street, the
manager fiually overtook and calmed him by
the magic announcement :

“‘T want you to go to Metz to-night for

us.”
It was four o’clock in the afternoon:
Forbes lefi three hours later. This was his
first engagement upon a journal with which
he has been counecied ever since,”

At M tz Forbes b-yan to revolutionize war
correspon:ience by living on fureposts, wit
nessing every fight,»nd sustituting for curt
telegrams of bare tact-, long descriptive let-
ters telezraphed in full. According to Forbes,
successful war correspond nce depends upon
three attri utes ;—facuty of organization,
capacity of physical endurance, and the gilt
of lucid writing, resulting from studiously
acquired military knowlelge. From a jour
nalistic as well as from a muitary pon:
of view, the base of a campaign must be se-
cures open communication and presence in
the right place are indispensable, Forbes
seems to sniff a battle efar off, and is ready
to live in squalor, as he uid tor six week
within easy range of Freuch cannon before
Metz capitulated. It was the wettest au-
tumn on record, and typhoid fever and dy
sentery were his const. nt com; anions. Dur-
ing a sortie, Forb.s received a flesh wound
in the leg which con‘inned open for months,
but which did not force him to kave the
front. For these six weeks he did not skep
in a bed except on occxsi Dal visits to tre
telegraphic base at Saarbiuck. Before the
capitulation was effected, he was the first to
eter Metz, and informally joining the sani-
tary volunteers, he devoted himself to the
removal of sick and wound d, 2000 of whom
were in a state of semi-putrelacion, As
the most infectious disorders reigned, in-
cluding the rare type of floury typhus,
Forbes’s leg was att:cked with gangrene,
which had to be burned out with nitric acid.
By constant smoking, never removing his
boots, and carrying in bis mcuth a sponge
saturated with vinegar, he maunged to keep
ou hs legs, but was tinally ordered to Eag-
and, lest, by a longer stay in so foul an at-
mosphere, amputation shvuld bec me ne-
ce-sary,

O. reaching London, Forbes showed his
disabled leg to Mr, Robinsen, who remarked
with a shudder :

“« Asa fellow-man, I say you ought to lay
up for six months ; asa newspaper manager,
I wish you would start for the scige of Pars
to-n'ght.” =

Forbes started immedia'ely, and his leg
got well, probably owing partly to bis rnie
of being a teetotaler seven days out of twen-
ty-ene, Attach:d to the head-quarters of
the army commanded by the Crown Prince
of Saxony, Forbes witnessed the hardest
fightiag of the siege. After the final b m-
bardment of St. Denis, he contrived to get

inside the walls, which had been reduced to
a most dilapidated condition, and was offer-
ed food by a Protestant pastor. The meat
consisted of part of a young gray horse that
had been killed by a shell.

Dariny t1e siege, Forbes wrote letters in
full, which were sent tv an ageut on the
frontier, who telegraphed them to London,
‘Lhis feat excited great surprise among the
Germans, who knew that Forbes per-
mission from the Crown Prince to telegraph

only short messages from the offices within —

his army. One day a Forbes telegram ap-
peared dated at a place where there was no
telezraph offi:e. It was reported to Prince

«

George of Saxony’s staff by a jealous corres- —

pondent.

That same night, Forbes dined with this
staff, and was asked to explain the iscom-
prehensible,

“Why,” he replied, jestingly, “‘I have
my own private wire, and shall telegraph
‘rom here directly.”

Knowing that orders had been given ’
re

at Prince George’s offive to receive no tele-
gram that night from him, Forbes quietly
wrote a letter directed to his Beh
agent, and put it in the pest. The next
day, it was telegra,hed to London, and
copies of the ‘‘ Daily News” were sent to
Prince George with Mr. Forbes’ compli-
ments.

Pending the capitulation of Paris in Feb-
ruary, 1871, some fifty journalists waitel
hunyrily to enter on the side of Versailles.
Forbes arranve to enter by the north,
through St. Denis, and accomplished his
purpose on horsebaek,dressed as a Prussian,
and was, in eonsequence, very vearly killed
by a drunken National Guard. Having little
knowledge of French and no knowledge
whatever of Paris, he had great difficulty in
fiuding Mr. Washburne’s bureau, where sat
Colonel Hoffman, who gazed with surprise
upon the first man he had seen from the ex-
terior world, He sent the stranger to Un-
thank’s Evglish Hotel, in the Faubourg St.
Honore, the only hotel open during the siege.
Forbes brought forth from his wellet five
pounds of sliced ham, which Uathank’s
people put on a large covered plate and
exhibited in the Faubourg at ten centimes a
peer, as the first outside marketing to enter

oFls,

After walking about dark streets all nizht,
Furbes, who had stabled his horse without
leave, rode to Vincennes. where he passed
the Prussian lines, He then galloped fif-
teen miles to Lagny, the terminus of the
German railroad system, which he reached
n time to catch the train for Germany, but
kill-d bis poor horse in the efforts. on
went the war correspondent for t«eaty-two
hours, without stopping. Re ching Carls-
rhue at two o'clock in the morning, he made
his way to the teleyraph-office, where the
two girls in charge reiused to take a lon
telegram until day set iv! Coaxing an
bribery, however, accomplished their pur-
ose, Ateight o'clock the desjatch was
tiuished which gave the first details of the
interior of Paris that had reached Enzland
fora week. Taking the next train to P .ris,
Forbes entered the Hotel Cha.ham on the
worning of the third day after his departure,
and was roundly chaffed for his delay by
two jouraalists who had just gotin. Fancy
their feelings on reading the ‘Daily News” !
Couriers were so untrustworthy that it
was not unusual for Forbes to carry news
to Englaud twice a week. He wasoften the
only passenger, and nearly died from fa-
tigue.

After witnessing the great paradeat Long-
champs, Forbes on the same day accompaui-
ed the German troops iato Paris. L-aving
the German cordon and entering thit part
of the towu stil in French hinds, he was
assailed by the mob asa German spy. <A
fisht ensued, in which Forbes'’s cl. thes were
torn off, ‘* Let us drown him !” shouted the
mob, who threw him on the ground and
proceded to drag him over the stone
streets. Rescued by a National Guard
picket, the supposed spy was taken to a
police-station, and brought before a magis-
trace whose sister spoke English, and who
testified her belief in Forbes’s representa-
tions. On being released, Forbes borrowed
apparel from the brother of his benefactor,
who accompanied him to his hotel. ‘*‘ How
can Ir pay you for ail that you have done
for me?” asked the correspondent. ‘* Mc re
easily than you think,” rep ied the Fronch-
woman, ‘‘My brother and I are litera'ly
starving. He has reccived no salary for six
months, and, as gentlefolk, we cannot stend
in the queue with the populace to receive
alms. Doubtless you know persons ecnnect-
ed with the distribution of England’s gift,
Any food will be a godsend.” As one of the

4

‘

THE

CANADA LUMBERMAN,

7

aR Sw BF SS er ee er erent SES 2 SS ER ESSE Sf SEERA RES BOSSE SE SERRE ETE A EER SERRE EEE <A AE EE A

English Almoners happened to be staying
at Fares’ hotel, a hamper was dispatche

to the Frenchwoman, who went away sob-
bing like a child. That same night, Forbes
started for England, and wrote his account
of the entrarce into Par‘s before he had
washed the blood-stains from his head and
hands. This account appeared in a special
edition of the ‘‘ Daily News,” and the next
morning Mr. Robinson found bis correspon-
dent asleep on the floor with the London

teem the Prince of Wales, whose manners
toward them were irreproachable,

right thing at the right time.

be worth a month’s purchase but for military
rule. All save traders, detest the English,
and they are only friendly through interest.
British military rule is a semi-depotism, not
always wisely directed

princes hated each other, they learned to es-

He com-
bined tact with dignity, and always did the
According to
Forbes, Eng'and’s hold on India would not

picturesque writing,
In the summer of 1878, Forbes weut with

Sir Garnet Wolsley tu take possession of
that pestiferous island, Cyprus, and, like
everybody else, fell a victim to fever. Nev-
ertheless, he contrived to be at Simla, in the
Himalayas, shortly before the outbreak of
the Afghan war, and at his own peril carried

the first dispatches announcing success.
The short telegram sent to the ‘ Daily
News” bore the date of ten o’clock, a.m.

historic painting claims time ouce given to

ITEMS OF INTEREST.

Cyrus W. Frevp, with his wife, son, and

| dauzhter-in-law, are going around the world.

but in a

They will not go in eighty daye-
steam boat.

ASTRONOMICALLY speaking, the orbite of
the lordly turkey and cranberry sauce soon
cross each other, and these two will then be
in conjunction.

Tue daughters of the Dake of Richmond

_ Directory for a pillow.

On returning to Paris, just as the Com-
mune was collapsing, Forbes entered by
La Chappelle gate, and the same afternoon
reached Dombrowski in Chateau La Muette.
While dining, the report came that the
Versaillists had fore.d the Porte de la
Muette. Desperate fighting ensued, during
which Dombrowski, who had mounted a
wall, was wounded, and fell into Forbes’s
army. All then ran away. The next
morning, Forbes was ‘‘ requisitioned” by
the Cornmunists to aid in erecting a barri-
cade across the Rue Rivoli, and again, later
ia the day, to defend an ind:fensible posi-
tion, the defenders of which promptly di-ap-
peared. Some hours after, Forbes stood be-
hind shelter in Rue LiFayette and
watched the Vefsaillists take the Grand
Opera House. There followed a pindemon-
ium of indiscriminate slaughter. Unable to
communicate with Eugland, Forbss got out
of Paris with great difficulty, and brouzht
to London the news that Paris was in flames.
He returned to the distracted city in time
to witness the final down‘all of the Commun-
ards in the slums of Bellevue and in Pere la
Chaise.

On the abdication of King Amadeus,
Forbes visited Spain to watch the new re-
public, the difficuity of directing which was
materially enhanced by the purity of its
leadcr:. They would neither Lribe nor be
bribed, and without bribery no government
can livein Spain. Castelar is a dreamer
whose aspirations are too good for this work-
a-day world. Figueras resigned because,
by his own confession, he had not iron
enough in his system to be a leader of men.
Finding the republica myth, Forbes, in 1872,

April, 1876, found Forbes agan in Eng-
land, but the breaking out of the Servian
war caused him to join Genera! Tchernayeff,
a Russ‘an Schlavophil who undertook to or-
ganize the Servian militia, and accomplished
wonders, By presenting a bold front and
throwing up earth-woiks, he so impressed
the Turks with a belief in Servian strength
that a war which should have ended in a
fortnight was prolonged four months. More
than ove narrow escape from capture and
death served to keep Forbes cn the alert,
while life in camp was curious enough, On
the approach of winter, officers and men
were quartered in holes excavated in the
ground and covered over with sod, Piled
up ia the centre of each subterranean camp
was a huge fire round which allslept. M c2
that nibbled hairand whiskers were frequent
companions,—not to mention less agreeable
vermin, Forbes brought to Belgrade the
tidings of the Servian eollapse, having on
this cecasion seen a battle that lasted nine
hours, travelled by post 150 mi'es, and tele-
graphed four columns to the ‘‘Daily News”
in thirty-four hours. ;

In the spring of 1877, F.rbes j>ined the
Russian army in the campaign against tle
Turks, and, owing to Russian secretiveness,
was corely puzzled to learn where the Dan-
ube would be crossed. Thanks to Prince
Mirski, who gave him a hint,he was the only
Eaglish correspondent who solved theprob-
lem, and hurrying to Bucn»rest with the
news, again did his journal great credit.
Sole English correspondent present at the
murderous and disastrous Russian assaulton
Plevna, in July, 1877, Forbes was decorated
with the order of Stanislaus for personal

are persistent and successful fisherwomen,
and as catchers of salmon are said to be rival-
Ing their countrymen.

Ten miuutes before ten, papers containing
his dispatch were sold in Fleetstreet. ‘he
curious fact was due, of course, to the five
hours’ difference in the time ketween Asia
and England,

Having eaten his Christmas dinner at
Jelalabad, Forbes departed for Burmah,
intending to interview young Thebaw, the
noble Lord of the White Elephant, Monarch
of the Golden Umbrella, ete., ete., who had
then just attained the throne. He ace im-
p!ished his mission one weck before the young
monarch massacred all his relatives. Accerd-
ingly, Forbes was accused by the Ca!cutta
press of having gone to Mandalay for the pur-
pose of bringing about this Christian crtastro
phe, and thus coring a sensation! On his
way down the Irrawaddy, Forbes read the
telegram which recounted the disaster of Is-
andula, and io in an hour later received the
curt order, ‘‘Go and dothe Zulu war” He
had a vague notion that the Zuius jived in
South Africa, and a geographical friend in
Ranyoon told bim that Durbau was the sea-
port to make for, So for Durban he headed
—away across India, from Calcutta to La-
hore, from Lihore down the Indus to Kur-
rachee, from Kurrachee by steam to Aden,
from Aden by steam to Zinzibar, and from
Zauzibar again by stcam down the south-
eastern coast to Port Durban. Discovering
at Ulandi that Lord Che!msfird was dis-
patching no immediate courier, the war cor-
respondent started at sundown from the
frontier, rode alone through a trackless
country swarming with Zalus, and reached
the te‘egraph-wire, a distance of 110 miles,
in fifteen hours, whence he sent the earliest
acc sunt of the victory to England, as well as

Tue estate cf an English miser named
Rhodes was lately wound up. {t real acd
$390,000. The sale of his effects in his reei-
dence resulted in $28.75.

Vera Sassutitcy, the accomplished as-
sassiu cf the Nihilists, should come to this
country and lecture on ‘‘ Kings I Have Tried
to Shoot.” We believe such a lecture would

go off well.

Aw Englishwoman who wrote to the Lon-
don Queen to know what would be a suit-
able outfit for Nile travelling, was bidden to
get a small riding whip, as the natives are
sometimes very importunate, and nothing
else wou!d keep them off.

Mata must be a paradise for habitual
topers. In Valetta, the capital of the island,
there 1s now a grog shop for every seventy-
five inhabitants, including women and
children. In addition to these there are, of
course, the soldiers and sailors, who are the
principal frequenters of many of these estab-
lishments.

Lorp Henry Gorpon, brother of ibe Mer-
quis of Huntly, and formerly of the firm of
Newton, Gordon & Co., tobacco and ;eneral
brokers, is a bankrupt. Lord Henry’s
grandfather, Lord Huntly, had the same
sad fate, and the sheriffs occupied his house.
The present peer, an able man of high char-
acter, repaired the fortunes of his family by
marrying a Manchester millionaire’s daugh-
ter.

intrepidity in rescuirg the Russian wound-
ed. By desperately riding his horse to
death, Forbes reached Bucharest—a dis-
tance of 100 mi‘es—the diy after the
battle, and telegraphed eight columns of
description, which appeared in the ‘ Daily

went in search of the civil war in Catal ia,
and found Contreras in command of the Re-
publican troops at Barcelona. This fat
scoundrel, who in a carriage looked as broad
as he was long, afterward condvc‘td the

to Sir Garnet Wols'ey and Sir Bartle Frere,
His report in the ‘‘ Daily News ” was read
aloud in both Houses of Parliament, amid
clamourous applause. Anxious to give
details to Sir Garnet, Woleley, Forbes con-
tinued his ride to Petermaritzburg, 170

Two sisters at Lackawaxen, P., were
engagel to marry two brothers, and the
d uble wedding was to take place about the
holidays. Just befure the election, one of
the girls asked her lover to take her to a
Republican meeting, but he, being a Demo-

communistic insurrection in Carthagena,
when a peony post-man and a shoe-maker
were joint presidents. Forbes tried to induce
Contreras to march against the Curlists, and
finally the fat commauder succeeded in get-
ting hig army one day’s march out of B.rce-
lona, 01 the conclusion ef which feat the
army triumphantly mutinied,and were glori-
ously marched back. Disgus‘e1 with Con-
treras, Forbes underwent four months of
bushwhacking with the Carlists, whom he
found personally pleasanter than the royal-
ists. They had little fighting capacity, but
died like gentlemen.

Returning to England, Forbes sugested
the Ashantee war in a letter to the “‘ Daily
News,” his propositions being carried out
immediately, and their utility being un-
officiatly acknowledged by military mag-

_nates. Bad health prevented the inventor
of this war from reporting it.

In the beginning of 1874, a famine deso-
lated Tirbsot, a densely populated district
of Bengal, where the people swarm like flies,
Forbes passed the summer among these mis-
erable people, numbers of whom died,though
$15,000,000 were expended in mitigating
the horrors of the situation. One great
difficulty in preventing starvation arose
from the existence of caste. No food cooked
= one cast> could be ecatcn by another.

ocbez saw a woman come to a trough for
food. who, on observing that the people
handling th’s food were of inf: rior caste to
herse’f, lay down and died with her infant
in her arms !

After receiving a sunstroke from which he
lay iasensible for two days, Forbes returned
home after eight months’ abse ce. He be-
came cognizant of the ‘ntrigne for the restor-
ation of Prince Alfonto of Spain, who was
then a boy's fellow, and a fiae rider, with
4 certain dignity, anda certain amount of
ready braine. Ace mpanying Alfonso to

rid, Forbes assist:d at the coronation
aud followed the kinz to Navarre in pursuit
of Carliets, who were finally paid to give up
a lost cause,

Gladly leaving the land of hidalgos, in
Ags 1875, Forbes weut with the Pence
of Wales thiough India,whe'e life was made
up «cf pazeauts that unrolled themselves
like gorzeous panoramas, and displayed the
j of native princes who quurrelled
about precedence, tcowled, sulked, and even
went away altogether, Bat, though these

Nevis” of the following morning. For
sixty hours he underwent continuous physi-
cal and mental'exertion, almost without food
and entirely without sleep. The na;Trative
telegraphed to London bore so hard on the
Russiaus, that all anticipated the writer’s
expulsion from the Muscovite army. Rec-
oguizing the truth, however, of the Enu¢-
lsh account, the Russian military leaders
instruc‘ed ther press to accept it as ac-
curate.

Again, having witnessed the fight at
Shipka Pass, and being convinced that the
Russians could hold their position, Forbes
quitted the scene of combat at six o’clock in
the evening,on the return journey to Buchar-
est, and riding all night reached the imperial
head-quarters the next morning, having
outstripped the Russian couriers. Taken
before the Emperor, who was anxious and
careworn,and very shabbily dressed, Forbes
gave him all the information at his com-
mand, and was warmly thanked for hi
promptitude. Radetsky had exclaimed at
Shipka Pass; ‘‘l’ve got this place, and,
please God, Ill keep it as long as I’malive.”
Forbes assurcd the Emperor that the Pass
would be held; but as reports cf a differen:
nature reached head-quarters dwing the
day, Forbes passed mo:e than one mauvars
quart @heure, the German military attache
of the imperial staff assuring the Emper«r
that F..rves hadled them astray. Av last
news came that corroborated his statements,
whereupcn the Emperor turned upou Major
Lignitz, exc!aiming :

“You were wrong. I believe Ignatieff's
Foglishman is the only man among you who
knows anything about war.”

Forbes and MacGahan shared between
them the ceccriptions of the September
attacks on Plevua, which lasted five days.
At their concluson, Forbcs, shattered by
exposure, latigue, and fever, abandoned the
field and nearly died at Bucharest. He left
the inter: st of the ‘* Duily News” in charge
of those two masters of war cvrre: pond nce,
H. A. MacGahan and F. D. Milet, both
Amere ns and both peers of their Fneglish
confrere. MacGahan died at Lis post, be!ov-
ed by Bulgaria, whose wrongs he published
to the world, and thercby righted ; his death
was deplored by fii-1.ds and employers, as
an irreparzb'e loss to journalism. Millet
acgomplished wonderful feats, and lives to
tell the ta'e in h's American studio, wizere

crat, refused. She appealed to his brother,
a Republican, and he accompanied her. The
sister who remained at home and the Demo-
crat brother, finding their political sympa-
thies in accord, agreed to break up the
previous arrangement and become man and
wife. Tke idea met with favour ali round,
and the wedd ng will take place accordingly,
each of the four taking a different mate,

miles farther on, which he accomplished in
thirty hours. The entire ride occupied
ninety-six hours, three of which were given
toseep. All this was dune by a man with
a contusion on his leg, caused by a spent
bullet received at Ulandi, which afterward
suppurated, and compelled his return to
England.

During his enforced vacations, Forbes has
lectured on the Franco-German war and the
Zulu campaizn, and has by specia! iuvitation
addressed the United Service Club, the
aighest military institution in England, on
‘* Russian military operations in Buigaria.”
On this oceason the Duke of Cambridge
paid him the compliment cf cff ring to take
the chair, While thanking the commander-
in-chief, Forbes sad that he weuld be more
appropriate if his old colonel, now Geseral
Wardlaw, should preside, The General did
so, and when the lecturer stated that he was
preud to see in the chair a gallant officer
who, in times long pa:t, had more th«n once
ssued the stern edict, ‘‘ Let that man have
ten days’ pack drill,” the coufes-ion was
ureeted with shouts of laughter, in which
General Wardlaw heartily joined, declaring,
On rising to propose a vote of thanks, that
he had no recollection of th» little occar-
rences referred to, kut if ever he did give
Mr. Forbes punishment rill, is was doubt-
less most riealy deserved,

Such is the the outiiue of A:chibald For-
bes’s carecr—a true war correspondent,
whe thinks a fight the most exqu’site de-
light in the world, and corsilers a compl-
cated tezhn'cul battle the most elevated
enjoyment of which tbe human mind is
capable

+ a

A LITTLE boy, named Johnny, from the}
interior of the S:ate, why had been raised on
a stock rauche, and had heard a god deal
about the consequences of stcckmen killing
yearlings that did not belong to them, came
to Galv.stun to live. The other day
Johnny’s Sunday schovl teacher askcd bim :
‘*Why did not Abrahim cff:r up Isaac?”
**Perhaps Isaac didn’t Lelong to the o'd
man’s mark aud brand.”

Tur advance sheets of Lord Be aconsfields
new novel Endymion were recently laid be-
fore the Queen by his private sccretary,
L rd Rowion, for her opinion in relation to
its treatment of political matters.

SoLomon Jones of B'oomburg, M11., was
70 when, after many years of poverty, he
received $2,000 in pension money. He had
no relatives to leave it to when he died, and
therefore made up his mind to spend it all
himself. In view of the probab!y short
time remaining to him in this world, he felt
that he must be fast and furious in his
pleasures, if he would spend the whole $2,-
000. He married a young wife, and gratifi-
ed her love and dress; he got in a large
stock of beverages, and drank them reck-
less y; he bought a fast horse, and bet on
h:m. At the end of three months the last
dollar was gone, his wife deserted him, his
horse died, and he is still without any im-
mediate prospect of dying.

oo ore DO

Mechanical Invention.

It Las been predicted that if mechanical
invention svould proceed during the next
fifty years as it has in the last ha f century,
ma hinery will supersede all physical and
much men al labour. The evil part which it
plays in our day is equivalent to the part
w: ich the slave labour and the sp ils of coc-
quest playedin Rome. It is multiplyicg the
ind lent employm.uts. Its automacy trains
the man into a corresponding automacy
which cuts down toa minimum the need of
«fort for subsistence. Its effectiveness has
reduced the hours of labour from eighteen to
ten wih arise of wages, and the labour is
intermittent because gluts, strikes, and lock-
outs alternately intervene. The terms of the
struggle for exis‘ence are changing. Hard
wo k is less required ; Biddy decsines service
where there are no modern improvements,
and Pat will soon follow by refusing to carry
a hod without a lift. The upshot is that
ha:d work which underlies atriction is com-
ing into disrepute, and raises tte question
whether we are becoming tte victims of our
ingenn ty.

8

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN

AND MILLERS’, MANUFACTURERS’,
AND MINERS’ GAZE STE.

ISSUED SEMI-MONTHLY AT TORONTO, ONT,

A. BEGG, - Proprietor and Editor.
TERM3 IN ADVANCE (P.st-paid) :

One Copyione y.oariies cae cis\stinie''s tiersiw.0 Ca Wye ston: $2 00

One €opy wx nmopthkin sess eiciesniiee isis hee 1 00

ADVERTISING RATES
$1 50 per line per year; 85 cts. per line for six
months; 50 cs. per line for three months.

Small Advertisements 10 cts per lin? first insertion
5 cts. per line each subsequent insertion.

Busines3 Cards, Forms of Agreement, Bill Heads,
&c,. promptly supplied to order, at the LuMBERMAN
Office.

Communications, orders znd remittances should
be addressed to A. BrGG, LUMBERMAN Office, 33
Adelaide Street West, Toronto.

TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER 15, 1880.

FOREST TREE CULTURE.

‘The Dominion Governmen’ his made wise
provision for the planting in the prairies of
the North-West Territories. The Deputy
Minister of Interior, Col. Dennis, formerly
Surveyor General, has devoted considerable
attention to the subject, and has incorpo-
rated a code of regulations in the D minion
Lands’ Act of 1879 of which the following is
a synopsis:—Any person, male or female,
being a subject of Mer Majesty by birth or
naturalizition, and having attainel the age
of eighteen years, shall be entitled to be en-
tered for one legal sub division, not in any
ease, however, exceeding one hundred and
sixty acres, of unappropriated Dominion
lands as a claim for forest tree planting
On application for such entry the applicant
shall pay an office fee of ten dollars fora
sub-division of 160 acres; five dollars, if the
sub-division be 80 acres; or $2.50 if 40
acres, which entitles the party to enter into
possession of the land. ‘The patent may
issue on the expiration of eivht years ; but
the land cannot be assigned during that
time unless by the permission of the D»part
ment of the Interior. At the expiration of
eight years, or at any time within five vears
after the expiration of the said term, the
person who obtained the entry, or legal re-
presentation, shall receive a patent for the
land so entered on proof to the satisfaction
of the Loe») Agent :—Ist.—That five acres
of the land so entered, in case the s»me con
sists of a legal subdivision of one hundred
and sixty acres, shall be broken or plouszhe’
the first year after entry, and an equai
quantity during the second year after entry;
2. That the five acres of the land entered
which have been broken or ploughed during
the first year, shall be cultivated to crop
during the sccond year, and the five acres

broken or ploughed during the second year
shall be cultivated to crop during the third
year; 3.—That the five acres broken or
ploughed during the first year, and culti-
vated to crop during the second year as
above provided, shall be planted in trees,
tree-seeds or cuttines during the third year,
and the five acres broken or ploughed during
the second year, ond cultivated to crop dur-
ing the third year as abeve provided, shall
be planted in trees, tree.seeds or cuttings
during the fourth year: Provided that in
cases where the land’ entered “sists 0° a
legal sub-division less than one hundred aid
sixty acres, then the respective areas requir
ing to be broken or ploughed, cultivated to
crop and planted, under this sub-section and
the the two sub-seclions next preceding,
shall be proportionately less in extent : Pro-
vided also, that the Minister of the Interior,
in his discretion, and on his being satisfied
that any trees, tree-seeds, or cuttings, m+y
have been destroyed from any cause no!
within the control of the person holding te
tree-claim, may grant ap extension of time
for carrying out the provisions of the three

THE CANADA

sub sections nex* preceding: Provided also,
tilat at the expiration of the sail term of
ei hit years, or at any time within five years
thereafter, the person obtaining such tree-
clim, en proving to the eaci-fiction of the
Minister of the Interior that he or she has
planted not less than two thousand seven
hundrel trees on each acre of the portion
brok ‘n or ploughe1 and cultivate) to crop as
hereinbefie provided, and that at the tim:
of applyg for a patent for the tree-claim,
there are then growing thereon at least six
hundred and seventy-five Jiving and thrifty
trees to each acre, the claimant sha!l receive
a patent for the legal sub-division entered.
If at any time the claimant fails to do the
breaking up or p'anting or e ther. as requir
ed by this Act, or any part thereof, or fails
to cultivate, protect and keep in goo’ condi-
tion, such timber,then and upon such event,
the land entered shall be liable to forfeiture
in the discretion of the Minister of the In-
terior, and may be dealt with in the same
manner as homesteads which may have been
cancelled for non-compliance with the law as
set forth in sub-section sixteen of section
thirty-three of this Act. Provided that no
person who may have obtained pre-emption
entry of a quarter-section of land in addition
{o his homestead entry under the provisions
of sub-section one, of section thirty-four of
this Act, shall have the right to enter a third
quarter-section as a tree-planting claim ; hut
such person, if resident upon his homestead,
may have the option of changing the pre-
emnpti-n entry of the quarter-section, or of a
less quantity of such quarter-section, for one
under the foregoing provisions, and on ful-
fillivg the preliminary conditions as to affi-
davit and fee, may receive a certificate for
such quarter-section, or for such quantity
thereof as may have b en embraced in the
application ; and thereupon the land includ-
ed in such chanve of entry shall become sub-
ject in all respects to the provisions of this
Act relating to tree planting. Any person
who may have been entered for a tree
planting claim under the foregoing provi-
sions, and whose right may not have been
forfeited for non-compliance with the condi-
ticns thereof, shall hav» the same rights of
possession, and to ej-ct trespassers from
the land entered by hm, as are given to per-
sons on homesterds und r sn})-section seven-
teen of section thirty-four ot this Act, and
he title to land entered fora tree planting
claim shall remain in the Government until
he issue of a patent therefor, and such land
shell not be liable to be taken in cxecution
before the issue of the patent.

+ me

DOES ALVERTISING IN A CLASS
PAPER PAY?

The question, ‘‘does advertising in a
class paper pay?” is frequently asked by
merch ints, and sometimes it is difficult to
convince them that, as a rule, it does. Oar
able contemporary, the North Western
Tumberman, answers the que-tion <o clearly
that we transcribe bis remarks in extenso
He says it isa mistaken not on on the part
of some, otherwise well informed and enter-
prisiog merchants, that adverti-ing does not
pay in class journals, Grocers, dry goods
merchants, hardware dealers, j welers, deal-
ers in hats and caps or boots and shoes, in
wall paper or books and stationery, and in
various other branches of commeree and
manufacture are apt to say on being ap-
proached by a representative of a class jour-
nal. “Oh, that may do very well for men
dealing in the goods, recognized as having a
connection with that branch of business, but
it would not pay me.”’ The fallacy of this
line of argument is daily exposed in the ex-
psrience of the editor of the Lumbeyman, to
whom it is a matter of almost daily experi-
ence to have the question asked of him,
‘“Where can I buy-a cercain line of goods to
the best advantage?” A jeweler might
think a lumber journal a strange vehicle for
co nmunicating a knowledge of his business
to a profitable line of castomers, but would
have chia.ed Fis views on hearing the en-
qui.y Walch was made of us a few days ago

by a lumberman, ‘‘ Where can I get a good
gold watch? I’ve had a rather satisfactory
gs ason’s business, and I and several sf my
fiends equally prosperons, bente over veur |
co.umns !o see Wno you Would reccmmnd |
us to purchase from,’’ There is no class of

LUMBERMAN.

men who, when prosperous, will more readi-
ly and freely patron:z» a jeweler, than the
members of the fraternity of luambermen,

C.rpets are not lumb-r, and it might ap-
pear fruitless to expect bencfis to a carpet
business from advertising in a lumber jcur-
nal, but one of the leading carpet hcuses in
this city, trying the experiment two years
azo, will yet he found among our regular
advertisers, and the house of Judson & Co.
is now well known to the lumbermen of the
West as among the firms whom they delight
to patronize,

Tobace> is a staple in lumber c«mps and
stores supplying goods to loggers and mill
hands, and the Durham, which has been
constantly kept before the minds of the
lumbermen through persistent advertising in
thesé columns, is the favourite brand among
the 50,009 shanty men of the Northwest.

We might mention a dozen similar experi-
ences, all tending to prove that no class of
merchants can afford to overlook the bene-
fits to be derived from alvertising in a Jum-
ber journal. There are 70 000 men engaged
in var ous departments of the lumber busi-
ness between Buffilo and the Mississippi
river. This is a vast army, each individual
man cf which must needs wear clothes,
boots or shoes and head covering ; they must
consume the food which every well c»nduct-
ed grocery is prepared to supply, and no in-
considerable number of the patrons of this
journal would gladly open acquaintance
with wholesale groc2rs now unknown to
them, who will supp'y their own extensive
retail establishments with the many thou-
sand dollars’ worth of stock which enters
into the trade with their employes and the
general public, No store-keeping lumber-
man confines his stock to any one branch of
trade. His purchases include groceries,
dry goods, clothing, crockery, hardware,
agricultural implements. boots and shoes,
hats and caps, paints and oils, confectionery
and tobacco. Whatever his employes or
their families ee his shelves areexpect
ed to supp!y. No better class of customers,
no better paying patrons, no more reliable
and trustworthy men can be found in trade
tian are the Jumberm:n, and none whom it
will.better pay to seek custom from. This
journal is a weekly visitor to many thou-
sands of this c’ass, men whose custom might
well be sought by dealers in all the com-
modities which enter into the daily con-
sumption and comfort of man, whether in
the line of eating, drinking, wearing or orna-
ment. A recent editorial notice in this
journal of an extensive iron manufacturing
establishment in West Virginia elicited ne
less than 70 responses within three weeks,
from lumbermeu who were desirous of ob-
taiuing iron goods. In the woods, sleivhs
and wagons are used, and no better vehicle
through which the builders of these can
make known the peculiar advantages of
their individual manufacture is open to their
choice than is pres+nted in this journal.

There is no class of men more liberal in
personal adornment of in the furvishing of
their dwellings than the manufacturers and
dealers in lumber. When blessed with a
prosperous season hke the past, it is not in
vain that their famil es suggest the pleasure
it would give them to refurnish the oll
home, to create or ye»lenish a library, to
refurnish the parlours and sleeping apart-
ments, to add a heating or imvroved kitchen
range to the department of comfort or con-
venience, Or to array themselves in the beau-
tiful fabrics of the haberdasher or the milli-
ner,

It would be impossible to enumerate the
various class of dealers who desire and would
be profited -by such trade as this j urnal is
well calculated to assist them in obtaining.
We would then ask the serious attention of
all who deal in goods of any kind, to the
proposition that an advertisement in the
Lumberman is worthy of their test. It is
an acknowledged authority among all who
have to do with logs, lumber and timber.
It circulates in the city and in the country ;
among the Joggers in the woods and tlhe men
in the saw-mitJs. It is found upon the desk
of a majority of the lumber dealers of the
North, the West and the Soutb, while no
cors derable section of the country can be
found where its presence is not welcomed
each week, An advertisement in its columns

will, one week with another, attract the at- |

t ntion of at least 30,000, vast numbers of
whom, while they may not at the moment
be in need of the goods advertised, will not
f.il to have an impression fastened upon the
mind, whch in due time wiil bear lezitimate
fruit to the advantage of the advertiser.

~~

—The ‘atest discovery of gold has been
made vigit in Halifax cicy, in the vicinity of
Cornwallis street,

‘are very obnoxious to the trade,

To Correspondents:

Srapacona.— Our Quebce correspondent,
says the lull in the trade continuce,
are without change, No further calea will
likely be made until after rece’pt of English
statements and circulars at the end of the
year, The new regulations of tle local
government respecting the cutting of timber

represented by the Ottawa lumbermen in
their calling a meeting on the 16*h inst., is
pretty strongly impressed also by the repre-
sentations of the trade in Quebec city.
Messrs. J. Bell Forsyth & Co’s annual tim-
ber c’rcular, which is ed 28 an

to make its appearaice a few da
Christmas. -d

authority is eagerly looked for. Ibis ed
———

Prices

The feeling»

Cuatuam, Ont,—The cost of production —

of steam is estimated atabout five pounds of —

coal per hour, for each horse power. Soma

jmproved cut-off engines have been run on

two and ahalf to three perhoar. Mr, Doty,
of Toron‘o, has manutactured an impioved
gas engine, waich runs two horse power,
without, boiler, engineer or fuel, with 400
feet of gas, or about 40 cents per day.

Etrrma.—Mr. R. Quance. has an engine
built by Messrs. Killey & Co., Hamilton,
which rans a 3 run grist mill, with saw dost
asfuel. Mr. Quance expects (o have saw
dusteno gh left after custing up the logs in
the neighbourhood to rua his grist mil! for
eight years louger. -

Exxcrric Licut.—The cost is about $1—
equal 1,000 feet of gas. No patent in Cana-

da. B-st coasult the Brush Electric Light
Company, Cleveland, Ouio.

——_—————_ ©» + @- <«—__—_—_—_
Foolhardiness. —

One of the conductors says thst this fall
stands forth in unprecedented prominence in
the history of the Canada Central for the
number of men who have returned from the
shanties in a wind broken, wrecked condi_
tioa of health. Scarcely a train comes which
does not bring one or more of these ruined
fellows. The source of the destruction lies
entirely within the men themselves. After
the day’s work they gather in the shanty
and discuss the day’s doings. Some gang
boasts loudly of manufacturing eighty logs
per day, some seventy, some sixty, but the
most fifty—a fair day’s work. The fifty lots
determine to equal the sixties, and seventies

the eighties; and so, day after day, “the

fight goes bravely ov,” until the weaker go
to the wall, and are forced to leave. When
really ill, shantymen are kindly tended, but
when self-spavined the foremen have no
mercy or medicine for them, and , are
obliged to reach Mattawa or Pembroke as
best they can on foot. It is a known fact
that some have arrived in Pembroke poverty-
struck both as to pocket and as to health,
and have been compelled to walk on the rail-
way t» Ottawa, begging as they marched.—
Central Canadian, . ek

Lumbermen’s Supplies.

A

To supply the different mills at the Chau- _

diere on the Ottawa, which get out an aver-
age of 150,000 logs each season, the following
supplies are estimated as required during the
winter :—825 bbls. pork, 900 bbls. flour,
525 bush. beans, 37,00) bush. oats, 300 tons
hay, 3,650 gala. syrup, 7,500 Ibs. tea, 1,875
ibs. soap, 1,000 lbs. grindstones, 6 000 Ibs,
tobacco, 75 boxes axes, | doz each, 60
cross-cut saws, 225 sleighs, 3,750 Ibs. rope,
1,500 boom chains, 7 feet each, 45 boats, 900
pairs blankets, 15 cookeries, 375 cant dogs,
costing, at a moderate est mate, about $54,-
367.00. Swe f

Tois service requires in the woo's, 450
men getting out the logs, 300 men pil n« and
forwarding, and 3U0 men teaming, us» g 300
teams, The average numberof mene p!oy-
ed by each estab ishment throughout the
year is 637, reserving for pay $306,000.
From this it wil be seen that the lum
merchants of the Chaudiere alone emvloy
about 4,000 men, paying annually $1,836,-
000, which is all spent in and around tae
neighbourhood to the benefit of the trade of

the country generally,

La a ES Sa TE PTS SE TS LOE TS ES ES a a
a eee ear aaara c oamena, (een eed =

Hardwood Timber Land for Sale.| GLASS BALL CASTORS | \

Lumbermen’s Shanty.

A writer referring to the lumber trade on
the Ottawa describes the winter dwelling of
hardy lumbermen as follows :—‘‘ Having
selected a derirable, convenient spot, with a
good supply of water, a shanty is construct.
ed of the simplest description, being gener-
ally built of rough logs with a raised hearth
in the centre fora a fireplace, and an ope2n-

THE CANADA

OR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWOOD
timber land veir Nip ssing Railway, Coboconk,
Hasy term3: OSHA VA CABINET CO., Oshawa.

Timber Limits for Sale.
QEVERAL MOST VALUABLE TIMBER

limits on North Shore of Lake Huron.
For particulars apply to

LUMBERMAN.

| BRENNEN,

FURNI‘URE, PIANOS '

Yor MA F
ORGANS, etc , the best and mos
crnament +) Castors in the market nmh p
They greatly improve tretone of nm VG
musica’ ing ruments | -
RHEUMATISM, NERV 5
NESS, SLEEPLE-SNESS
by insulating beis with them
Spld by la dware dealers.
Agents waited.

UPA

r, Lath and Shin

7
g
168, :
IU s- | 62, 65 and 67 King William-st.,

cured

Mills a d Timber Limits at & (
ADDREAB FOR CIRCULARS 5 | ,

RS ; THOS. SHORTISS, a) Tiago P. O., O
mBap the. nopfa fora phinmney, A dauble Imperial Bank Building, Toronto. . F (ass Ball Cast te Company } { PSS
row of berths all round serves for s'eeping PF IST ch. 66 & 63 REBECCA ST ’ Bill Stuff cut L om 60 fe f ,
accommodation, while from a wooden cran2 é i a osts ©
vi W IVE om, ONT. :
| over the perpetual fire swings the huge TI BER ANTED i Bir EEs POD ly toe GasAe) Beoanen, Tisne, EO.

kettle which, with the accompanying pot,

serves all the purposes of cookery. Tue
domestic economy is conducted upon strict
temperance principles; tea is the constant
beverage: of the lumbermen, and they con-
sume it in quantities, and of a strength
which would effectually destroy their nerves
if they possessed those delicate organs. In
point of fact the beverage of the woodman
ought to be called fez soup it being an infu-
sion entire'y different from that of our city
drawing rooms. They place a couple of
ha:.dfu's of tea ina kettle of cold water and
hang it over the fire till it boils and attains
a strength and fulness of flavour ouly palat-
abe to throats which admire body in the
fluids they imbibe. Many of these hardy
men drink a pound cf tea per week, and
seme of them double that quantity of the
Chine:e shrub, and without feeling any ill
effects either from that or the salt pork
which is the other staple article,of diet.
Perhaps the strong tea counteracts the fat
pork, and vice versa. The stores of the
luml.e-men are usually ec:rried up to ther
fo est shanty Jate ia the autumn, and all
prepirations are mae to commence the work
of felling the giants of the furest.”

Timber Regulations in Q edec.

The morning Chronzele says :—The Oficial
Gazette publishes the new regulations and
amended schedule of dues.t» be paid by lum-

(GREY OAK, BLACK ASH AND PINE.

Standing timber wa'ted; also Oak Railroad

Tes. Address, with full particulars,

Ss. S. MUTTON & CO.,

« TORONTO.
P,S.—A 35H. P, Engine and Boiler for gale, low,

LAUDER & THORNTON MFC. CO.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Steam Ganges, Vacuum Gauges

ENGINEERS’ & PLUMBERS’ BRASS GOODS, &c.
98 Adelaide Street East, Toronto.

Steam Gauges correctly tested and repaired.
2-5in

FILES RE-CUT!

THOMAS GRAHAM,

File Woks, 35 Shvrbourne Street, Toronto, Ont.

Od Files reground and re-cut equal {to new for
use. During the past year I have )e-cut nearly
3,000 dozen of old files for mill owners and others
in Ontario and Quebec. Prices—per dozn for Mill
Files, 8in. $1.50; 10 in $2; 12 in. $2 75; 14in.
3.75. Other kinds pro rata. Quotations from these
rates to large consumers.

G. T. PENDRITH,

10 LUMBER MERGHANTS

WM. MONTEITH,

Produce & Commission Merchant

95 Church-street, Toronto,

Can supply Lumbermen and other buye s with

"MESS PORK,

CG. C. & L. C. BACON,
WHITE BEANS,

DRIED APPLES,
CHEESE,

will rece

;
IH AMILTON, ONT.

ive prompt

QUEEN GITY OIL WORKS |

ALL KINDS OF
MACH IN E
sxD——

BURNING OIL!

s@ Send for Samples.

bermen working on the Crown Lands of the a ate ie = ae th quince my ’
Province of Quebec. One dec*ded improve- GENERAL See SEE Tae) | |
’ ment in these amended regulations consists The UNIVERSAL SUSPENDER |
in the reduction of the fee charged by the| 7 k
Government on each transfer of timber | i SOME REASONS why they are the beat: —
— from four dcllars per mile to one : 1st.—No Elastic requied..
ollar pcr mile. Toe increased stumpage ae slack when stooping. :
_ charged on pine saw lozs, from15 cents the ica pumeres Buips es the shoulders.
former rate to 26 cents under the new regul- 5 Pee cm oO nen On em beuser
ations, is Bee, NG of by the lumbermen Manufactured by C. H. RAMAGE «& OC. |
as an excessive advance, amounting to an : 7 i y Fj
additional tax of about 75 per cent en and 39 Adelaide Street West, #0: BAY SEREET FOROS: ||
above the rate formerly charged. There eet
coy pn nee - be some reason for TORONTO a
issatisfaction on this head. : 7 ini
s Intercolonial Goal Mining Go,,)°) ie
| ape } |
- Hamilton Exports. offer their fresh minera) bitu ninous Coal from es i
: their } ) }
For the month of November, the exports| 4% PIANO SCREWS A SPECIALTY. a R \. £
of lumber from. Hamilton +> the Uuited DRUMMOND COLLIERY. xs ay a : :
ee oe aed by the U. 8. Condnh; tke : epoca ae es at heer is oa sey
Ways Roce By “yeaa 4 aoe So cubiing saw u Le «oria. thas peaten
valued at $4,516. For the same month, Pe are anlibalainie Realways ns.of tho Inter-) the best Casadiaa ant Amcrican-m:

scrap iron expoitis given at $1 806. It is
worthy of remark thut scrap iron brings $8

Apply to
Intereolonial Coal Mining Co.,

saws 334 per cent. in every €o
superiority ¢ nsists of its exvelie

3 3 ; fo ea y = I It is tempered uncer tie Se-ret C ic
per ton more in Hamilton than in Buffalo ; 3 H 26 St. Francois Xavier Street, | }3-ceass Toei £ ate at can ts Sieh
yet the price of bar iron and nails is higher {} t | P ] (| iF MONTREAL | +e], It vives a finer and ner cutting
in Buftalo than in Hamiltoa. The trade in cil Ta Tsou Il iS Pies, The eval is now being received at Toronto hy several | oy “ ‘est ire f- - Oy ke mips =

xl 5 ilo capt nic of the dialérs= Wad) Keith, C.J. Smithand cth'rs--|"F 05.2 SBE WS BO Cake Cie es ne SS any
ear axles and in wrought iron generally is other process. We hove'the sole nig

increasing largely in Canada, and there 13 no

The undersigned will receive tenders up to noon of

this process for the Dominion of Cazz

reason why the increase should not continue. 3 : f : LU Seals aaron lee oman Bed eee =e
E of barley for November, $10,955 ; Friday. 17th December inst., é G GR SORS ton Citi: mtd “a ie de sept raph > p
malt, $7 319; eggs, $4,516; weol, $22,556. For the delivery in the yard of the Central Prison at 5] oe Bx The Ti Soe rds Ma: 7 L C37 ith
Toronto, be following Auanttits MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF + a TS its co $1 ie an ee 2 ee
SESE Y. ’ oa a ze rCe gs 9€T FOOT,
Fort Eddy. 150,000 to 200,000 feet of basswood BdE3 aM! os STATIONARY, CatTion. — Beware cf Counterfeits.
} as faa z ee pee ee ‘ .
12feet ED eas an ag e free from MARINE, and eee ES aa ifeits On the “et
; ; ons. A é cet, which are intesced to be soid ata higl
The Pimbrcke Observcy says :—On Taes- | 150,000 to 200.000 foet be ae eens penile birch, LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS, price upon the re take : onist 8 We
i : i ame dimension = 6 AD 5 : ip 3 puta rer ‘
day of last week E.:B. Eddy’s store at Fort a ae. Bib Pena e oe and SHEET IRON WORK. |] will send to any address a saw exoctly like }
Eddy, on the Upper Ottawa, above Matta. | 15,000, feet 1-inch clewt p'n”, 15,009 1-inch 2nds pine, avy counterfeit, warrant-d cq lin qnaity
: . f 4 - a? at 6Oe rer *- + arp >
; wa, was burned tothe ground. Hardly any | 15,000 feet 1-iuch white wood, 3,000 3x3inch maple_| Portable Moilers for Threshing Machines, Shingh oF ae he pa be 60c. Uuntignin. Tiereire d
. of the contents of the store, we bilieve, | 1,000 feet 2:inch white oak, 1,000 2-inch maple. Mils,2.¢,, furnished on chort notice. All Boilers | "Ot be humbugged into payiag a first-class
q were saved. They Cons‘ated of the usva’ | 5 0ddrfee! 1) inch rape 8 irches wide, 29,000 Aineb tesled by. pela Rabranrecsurs to 150 Ibs. to the ! mee lor asee né c acs s : A fart to fear
stock of supplies and general merchandis- i Mia si quareiucn bf re .eaving the shcp. in mind :s thatif the ma ai and temper are
The origin of the fire is not known ‘e The 1g-i ch bass w « d and hardwocd Jumbor to be : hoz + the very best quality tie shape of the
- z 1 dat the rate of 50,000 feet per month, com- : teeth amounts to not r, A caw, I:ks ;
ete ist January next. The other lumber to be SECON D-HAND MACHINHRY knife, will ne Souk fast out it wil hold a
1 OBERT STEWART, delivered on or before 1st Februyry next. The whole bought, sold, or taken in exchange for een i Aneel fey oo Ww es = ed
z . ia tohe examined and culled at Central Pris mn at pevtseres Keen, cutting edge. Nr a ff a 14- :
Wites Je and Retsil D aler in ee, Lath, | he time cf delivery ; . inch a d basswiod los in cight s:conds
y , Muu'dings, &c,, &c., GUELPH, ONT. | Offers may be made for the whole or a portion of with this saw
near x a » Ki. , the lumber, a the lowest or avy tender not nec-s- | REPAIRS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO Maruf: ctured only by
eae, __ EB se sarily accepted. SHURLY & DISTRI
2 « . ’ - : . = . L =; CH. ;
Sureties will be rc quired for tle due fu'fi ment of ° : .
OR SALE, AT A GREAT BAR- ra a 183 Atwater St., Detroit. Michigan. | yfa.ufcturers of Saws, P aster ng Trowels,

220 acres of excellent fa ming land, heavily
iim a, and well watered by rs brevet of tho eos
Kiver, Cheboygan Co. igan. Apply to th
Editor of the Camapa LUMSERMAy at J 1-tt. ’

he contract.
: J. W. LANGMUIR,
Inspzetor of Psiso s, etc.
Parliament Buildings,
Toronto, 4th Dec, 1880.

BRANCH SHGP—
Cor, Giengarry Ave. & Stuart st.,
WINDSOR, ONTARIO.

Straw Knives, &e., &c.
GAL?,
Dec mter 10, 1880.

ONTARIO.

=

Ek heres Rr Cee te cece ce

_ the editorial department, which comes per-

10

TH A

CANADA LUMBERMAN.

A Night in the Sun Office.
THE SYSTEM THAT STRUCK AN OUTSIDE NEWS-
PAPER MAN AS VERY INTERFSTING.

(From the Louisville Pust.)

The Sun newspaper is a small affair in
square inches, but every inch is au institu-
tion. The sheet is not as large a3 the Louis-
ville Post, but a comparison of the paper on
any day with either of its great New York
contemporaries will prove that it contaims
every item of valuable current news, local,
nationzl, or foreign, and hardly a line of
trash. Notwithstanding the condensation
necessary to secure such results, the paper is
written with singular clearnes:, and is de-
servedly noted for literary grace. And fur-
ther, along with all the news, it finds room
tor pointed editorials—pebbles of hard Eng-
lish well flung—and as much of miscellane-
ous and interesting matter as any reasonable
reader would care to have. In short, the
Sun is the most complete uewspaper in
America, supplying everything in such a
shape that everything can be read.

With such characteristics it is no wonder
that it is the most widely read paper in
New York, where nearly everybody is busy ;
and so long as it is conducted with the pres-
ent liberality, energy, and care, its continu-
ed growth is assured ; 127,000 copies are now
sold daily, which is on2 paper to every ten
peop‘e in New York c ty, a proportion that
is likely to hold in the future, if, indeed, it
is not improved with the increase of the pro-
portion of busy peop'e.

A majority of the newspaper men who are
familiar with the Sun as an exchange, and
who know of its great prosperity, have long
ago resolved that, if they ever start a paper
of their own, the Sun shall be their model.
Many such attempts have been made and
have failed. The C.ncinnati Sun, a me-
chanical imitation, a perfect counterfeit,
when too far off to read, was the most nota-
ble instance. The trouble with all such
attempts was that the projectors d:d not
know the New York Sun and its system.
They imagined that by imit.tnz its size
and outward appearance they wou!d save
white paper and type setting and sti!l make
a bright and successful journal, when in
fact the size of the Sun is fixed, not to save
white paper and type setting, though it does
this incidentally, lut because it is the
smallest size into which all the news can be
put and still preserve a clear and pleasaut
shape. The un is really ruc on very ex-
pensive princip'es. The cos of i's news,
comiug through men who are able to con-
dense, is a3 great as that of any of the mon-
ster papers which emp oy diffuse, ill-paid
fellows, and meet their heaviest expense in
telegraph bills, paper b lls, and the wages of
their able-bodied compositors. The Sun
pays as much for editors to cut out words
and leave tangible facts and ideas as the
blunderbuss papers pay for writers to coin
sentences.

It is only after some study that one can
realiz? what an enormous amcunt of news a
great metropolitan paper must handle before
it can be said to ‘‘ have it all,” anditis a
matter of real wonder that a little paper like
the Sun contrives to hold so much, It is a
case of the learned man’s small head ; it is
the result of a complete system carried out
daily under able management, by the hard
work of many bright minds, Just think of
the materials that come to the office every
day. Though the hundreds of men who
gather the news know that their positions
depend on their being as brief as is consist-
ent with completeness, they still furnish, at
a small estimate, mere than ten times as
much copy as can possibly be printed. The
issue daily of reading matter averages aout
twenty-two columns ; it contains ali of value
in two hundred cclumns of copy sent in,
from which it has to be extracted and set
up within the short spac2 of eleven hours,
the greater portion within half that time.
I spent yesterday and last night in the Sun
office to observe the process,

Outside of the editoral work of condensa-
tion, the capacity of the paper is enhanced
by several mechanical devices, For inst-
ance : The type, while clear, is compact and
small, being mos‘ly nonpareil and agate ;
then the headlines, while nicely guaged to
suggest the importance of the matter to
follow, will be found on measurement, in any
case, to occupy very sinallroom, There are
other ways in which the types are compress-
ed, but I will proceed now to give an 9ut-
line sketch of what I saw of the work of the
editors and reporters.

Mr, Dana maintains the closest personal
supervision of the whose establishment, In

fected from his hands, he is assisted by
seven writers. When he goes home, Mr.
John Swinton is leit in charge.

The city editor has immediate command
of forty-two reporters, and his territory em-
braces New York and the surrounding cities,
and a half day’s journey into the country in
any direction. All the reporters amd many
of the other writers come to the editoral
rooms (2 small suite for Mr. Dana and a
large haJl for all the rest) at 11 o’clock in the
morning. Mr, Dana learns the plans of the
others for the day, and makes his suggestions
er gives his orders, writes a leader and a
paragraph or two and assigns specified sub-
jects to be discussed by members of his staff,
Before he leaves he reads a revised proof of
all the chief editorials,

Distant correspondents are at liberty to
send at first only a shors message by tele-
graph, stating the character of the news they
have and asking irstructions, which are
promptly returned to them by telegraph,
unless the news comes late at night and is of
great importa: ce, when the matter if left to
their discretion. The selection and control
of correspondents is a vital matter in the
Sun system,

_ The city editor and his four ass'stants keep
avery complete assignment book, in which
are entered memoranda of every point that
ougit to be worked on each day, entries
being frequently made three months in ad-
vance, Besides this book, reporters are kept
on duty constant y at the police headquarters
in New York, Brook'yn, Jersey City, and
neighbouring towns, and immediately on
the recei; t of a piece of news from ay police
station it is telephoned to the city editor.
Using the book of assignments, the papers
of the day, and any hints he may have had
from other sources, the city editor directs
each reporter as to what he must do, ¢xercis-
ing his best care in selecting the men with
refereuce to their peculiar taleats for the
particular style or kind of work he desires,

About 5 o’clock Mr. Dana steps from his
rooms to go home, fi st stopping to consult
with Mr. Swinton and to leave with him a
schedule cf the cditorial matter he wishes
to have appear. A calculation is now made
to determine how much space Mr, Dana has
left, and then the managing and city editors
make up their schedules. On a comparison
of these it is generilly found vhat each has
been too liberal with himself, and both sche-
dules have to be cut to leave a sufficient
margin for the certain and probable news,
local aud telegraphic, that is to come. When
the schedule matter is finally made up, it is
given to the compesitors, who are row all at
work. Ouace on tha printers’ hooks the
schedules, in their outline of space, not im
their contents, are absolute. They represent
what the paper will hold, and on the receipt
of any unexpected matter, either the articles
embraced in the schedules or the later news,
or both, must suffer condensation or slaught-
er. It happens occasionally that, piece by
piece, the whole of the schedule lists is set
aside to make 100m for more important
news, and sometimes a hundred columns of
copy ve'y late is reduced to two columns be-
fore it 1eaches the printers. A few weeks
ago fi'ty columns of Washington matter was
boiled down to ore, and not an important
fact was lost.

Before the conference as to the schedules,
the city editor has received returns from
most ot the morning assiguments, and has
started many cf the reporters on new
errands, At 6 o'clock the night city editor
arrives, who, assisted by the three other
city editors, from this time forward directs
the reporters and edits their copy, the manag-
ing editor keeping him informed as to the
necessary condensation,

It matters not how great the rush of
matter and the consequent condensation may
have been, nor how much of type may have
been set sside, The Sun torms are locked
up at the stroke of a certain hour every
morning, and at 3 o’clock the paper may be
brought anywherein New York city. ‘Chis
is one hour ahead of any other New York
morning daily, and a second editon 1s frarely
needed to maintain the Sun’s reputation for
printing all the news,

It will be seer, I think, that while the
Sun is extremely economical of space, and
therefure of the time of its busy readers,
and though it pays a3 seldom as possible for
redundant words, it is exceedingly Jiberal in
gett ng the absolute news. Ambitious news-
paper men with small capital should not
undertake to run a paper on the Sun’s
system, but such a paper is needed in all
of our large, busy cities, and the day is not
far distant, probably, when the Sun will no
longer stand unique and alone,

> <> oe ~—_

A PLACE for everything—Baby’s mouth,

Celebrated Book Stealers.

THE PRIEST WHO COMMITTED MANY MURDERS
BECAUSE OF HIS PASSION FOR BOOKS.

(Fyrom the London Spectator. )

Many eminent characters have been bibli-
okleps. When Innocent X. was still Mon-
signor Pamphilio he stole a book—so says
'Vaileman des Roux—from Du Monstier, the
painter, The amusing thing is that Du
Monstier himself wasa book thief, He used
to tell how he prigged a book, of which he
had long been in search, from a stall
on the Pont Neuf; ‘‘but,” says Tallc-
man (whom Janin does not seem to have
consulted), ‘there are many people who
don’t think it stealing to steala book, un-
less you sell it afterward.”

But Du Monstier ircline] to a Yess liberal
view wherehis own books wereconcerned, The
Cuirdinal Barberini came to Paris as L>gate,
and brought in his suite Monsignor Pam-
philio, who afterward became Innucent X.
The Cardinal paid a visit to Du Monstier in
his studio, where Monsigncr Pamphilio
spied, on a table, ‘‘L'Historie au Concile
de Trento”—the good edition, the London
one. ‘‘ What a pity,” thought the young
ecclesiastic, ‘‘that such a man should be,
by some accident, the possessor of so valu-
able a book.” With these sentiments Mon-
signor Pamphilio slipped the work under his
soutine, But little Da Monstier observed
him, and said furiously to the Cardinal that
a holy man shou!d not bring thieves snd rob-
bers in his company. With these words,
and with others of a violent and libe!lous
character, he recovered the History of the
Council of Trent, and kicked out the future
Pope. Amelot de la Houssaie traces t» this
incident the hatred borne by Iunocent X,
to France.

Another Pope while only a Cardinal,
stole a book from Monage—so M. Janin
reports—but we have not been ab!e to dis-
cover Monage’s own account of the larceny.
The anecdotist is not so truthful that Car-
dinal need flush a deeper scarlet, like the
roses in Bions ‘‘ Lament for Adonis,” on
account of a scandal resting on the authority
of Menage. Among royal persons, Cather-
ine de Medici, according to Brantome, was a
biblioklept. ‘*The Marshal Strozzi had a
very fine library, and after his death the
Queen-Mother seized it, promising some day
to pay the value to his son, who never gota
farthing of the money.’ The Ptolemies,
too, were thieves on a Jarge scale. A de-
partment of the Alexandrian L:brary was
called ‘‘The Books from the Ships,” and
was filled with rare volume; stolen from
passengers in vessels that touched that port.
True, the owners were given copies of their
ancient MSS., but the exchange, as Aristotle
says, was an ‘‘involuntary” one, and not
distinct from robbery.

The great pattern of biblioklepts, a man
who carried his passion to the most regret-
table excesses, was a Spanish priest, Don
Vincente of the Convent of Pobla in Arra-
gon. When the Spanish revolution de-
spoiled the convent libraries, Don Vincente
established himself at Barcelona, under the
pillars of Los Eacantes, where are the stalls
of the merchants of bric-a-brac and the
seats of them that sell books. In a g'oomy
den the Don stored up treasures that he
hated to sell. Once he was present at an
auction where he was outhid in the compe-
tition for a rare, perhaps a unique, volume.
Three nights after that the people of Barce-
lona were awakened by cries of ‘‘ Fire!”
The house and shop of the man who had
bought ‘‘Ordinacions per los Gloriosos Reys
de Arago,” were blazing. When the fire
was extinguished the body of the owner of
the house was found with a pipe in his
blackened hand and some money beside
him. Every one said: ‘*‘He must have
set the house on five with a spark from his
pipe.” Time went on, and week by week
the police found the bodies of slain men, now
in the street, now in a ditch, now in the
river. There were young men snd old, all
had been harmless and inoffensive citizens
ia their lives, and—all had been bibliophiles.
A dagger in an invisible hand had reached
their hearts; but the assassin had spared
their purses, money, and rings. An or-
gaviz-d aearch was made in the city, and
the shop of Don Vincente was examined.
There, in a recess, the police discovered the
copy of ‘* Ordinacions por los Gloriosos Reys
de Arago,” which ought by rights to have
been burned with the house of its purchaser.
Don Vincente wes asked how he got the
book. He replied in a quiet voice, demand-
ed that his collection should be made over
to the Barcelona Library, and then confessed

people who had bought from him books
which he really could not bear to part with.
At his trial his counsel tried to prove that
his confession was falee, and that he might
have got his books by honest means. It
was objectei that there was in the world ©
only one book printed by Lambert Palmart
in 1482, and that the prisoner must have
stolen this, the only copy from the lib
where it was treasure The defendant's
counsel proved that there was another copy,
in the Lonvre ; that, therefore, there might
be more, and that the defendant’s might
have been honestly procured. Here Don
Vincente, previously callous, uttered an
hysterical cry. Said the Alcalde: ‘* At”
last, Vincente, you begin to understand the
enormity of your offence?’ ‘‘Ah, Signor .
Alcalde, my error was clumsy, indeed. If |
you only knew how miserab’e lam!” ‘If —
human justice prove inflexible, there is ano-
ther justice whose pity is inexhaustible, —
Repentance is never too late.” ‘Ah, Sig- |
nor Alcalde, my copy was not unique !”
With the story of this impensitent thief, we |
may close the roll of biblioklepts. 2

Marrying a Tenor.

The following is an extract from a letter
froin the wife of a tenor to her friend !

Yes, Jenny, we bave 30,000 dollars a
year ; the praises of my husband are sounded
every day in the newspapers; he is applaud-
ed every night ; he sinzs and is a very king
in his art. But you don’t know what it is
to be the wife ofa tenor. Those who flatter |
my husband, and they are numerour, are
incessantly telling himself: ** M. Michael,
you have a mine of diamonds in your throat.
That may be trae ; I don’t say it is not, but
if you could understand what consequences
it entails—a mine of diamonds in a man’s
throat! Michael is always as cross as a bear
because of the state of the temperature. A
barometer is less variable. He is continu-
ally opening and shutting the windows;
when they are open he wants them shut; _
when they are shut he says he stifles. You
have no idea of the troub'e we have at hotels
to preveut his taking cold. Even the style
of carpet becomes a stady. And the cart-
loads of furs we carry about with us! And
the difficulty we have with the fires! There
is also a long chapter as to what he may and
may not eat; this is too strong and that is
too weak, And the night he sings there isa
syrup which he must drink five times during
an act and a wash of brandy and camphor
with which to rub his throat. From morn-
ing till night a tenor thinks of nothing but
himself ; he listeas to himself. sing; he
studies poses before a looking-glass ; he calls
after the servants, ‘‘ Jean, moffle the door-
bell, its noise affects my nerves. Brigette, -
don’t pass before me again; you make a
draught.”’ He interrogates his throat every
ten minutes, ‘‘la, la, lo.” Never a sensible
word, always “‘la, la, la; at table be does
not talk for fear cf des ‘roying his “la, la,
la.” If I ask him to take me out on a fine
day, he runs to the piano-forte and exercises
his ‘‘la, la, la!”

en ee +

It was on'y natural that the States should
subside into quietness when their great
struggle was over. They /iave accordingly
subsided for the time bzing into speculations,
betting over boat races and making them-.
selves somiarteliy for the winter, ieee
people over there are at present being y
and very prosperous, ay when that is the
case, they have neither time nor inclination
for much else, but to look after the coppers .
and enjoy themselves, _

THE Queen of Wartembery’s life is regu-
lated with conventual exactness, She is the
Colonel of a Russian regiment, and fre-
quently appears at review in her uniform.
Her Majesty inherits her father the late

Czar’s mania for drill and _pi . The
fat, beer-drinking, pipe-smok King Cole
to whom she is mated used to dispute with

her about it, but at length gave in and al-
lowed her to have her head. All he now
asks is to be left undisturbed in dens in his
palaces, in which he can enjoy a little ur-
tidiness, “st

Tue Interco!onial Literary and Anthropo-
logical societies, which number among their
members such men as Henri Martin, Capel-
lini, Delgado, and Mr. John Evans, of the
British Museum, opened their congresses at
Lisbon last month; the King, Dom Luis,
and the ex-King, Dom Fernando, with the
Ministry and all the notables of Portugal,
were present. The savants were the guests
of the city and of the ex-King, and the King
and Queen gave a ball in their honour,

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN

The Montenegrin High Court.

PRINCE NIKITA HEARING THE COMPLAINTS OF
HIS SUBJECTS IN PATRIARCHAL FASHION.

—

There are a few customs and spectacles
still lingering in this age to remind us that
the world was not always prosaic, utilitarian,
and unbelieving—a few survivals of the time
when the superstition of the loy:lty of all
elasses found uncriticised expression in
magnificent ceremonies. They are dying
fast. The simplest, but al-o the moat in-
teresting, of such quaint shows is a seance
of the Supe for Court of Appeal in Montene-
gro. To the left cf the palace gate stands a
lime tree of very modcrate size, surrounded
by a bank of turf neatly edged wiih boulders
Hither, towards 8 in the morning, strolls
the Prince, followed by his officers and
guard. At a certain distance from it they
halt and uncover, which his H:ghness steps
briskly forward and seats himself at a square
nook left hollow in the wall to accommodate
his legs. If personages of distinction are
pres-nt they receive an invitation to take
p'ace on either hand, and the court is open
without more ceremony.

himself told me that he made 11,600
prisoners, whom he could not keep for want
of means. ‘The Turkish government had
none to exchange, and forseveral good reasons;
it would not ransom them; and he was
obliged to send them back unconditionally.
Oue officer was ciptured th ev times,

Music in Old English Churches.

In country churches the loft was, and
even is, usually known as ‘‘the singing-
gallery,” the musical instruments being the
clariouet, violin, violoncello, flute, &. Mr,
Noake, in his Ramb es in Worcestershire,
says that in Teubury Church, in the year
1771, they were uot only horus and clario-
nets, but also a drum, whose sound was
heard in diviue service for some forty years
after that date. In some country churches
the number of the psalm that was to be sung
was chalked on a slate, and suspended from
the front of the singing-gallery. It is said
of the parish clerk of Isie Brewers, Somer-
setshire, that in giving out the hymn, and
suddenly find ng that the slate was not hung
up, his anuoun ement took the following
shape: ‘‘ Let us sing to the praise and glory

Sometimes the} I say, why doan’t ‘ee hang out the

whole space in front is crowded with peas-! slate?” During the singing the congregation
antry in silent ranks, eager to behold their|in the nave turned their backs upon the
chicf and hear his wisdom ; but in this time | clergyman, and looked toward the singing
of war, which makes such heavy demands on | galiery, where the parish clerk and_ his

the labour of the few who stay at home, the
audience is small. I have se.doum bcheld a
finer subject for the painter. At a distaice
of twenty yards or so, on the right front of
his hightess, stand the veterans of his body-
guards ranged in line, ta‘l fellows mostly,
grim of aspect, wearing crosses and decora-
tions, heavily armed. The long fringe of
their plaids sweep the ground, or one end of
it is thrown across the shou!ders in § panish
fashion. Oa the other side, at a like distance,
stand a group of peasantry, cap in hand,
waiting to explain such complicated griev-
ances as neitner the village elders’ court,
nor the district tribunal can arrange to their
satisfaction. ‘Io the left rear oi the prince
aides de-camp and attendants of the Way-
wodes present take up station; they wear
their caps, keng ‘‘out of court,” by legal
fiction, though nearer to the sovereign than
the rest. Everyone being p‘aced, in two
minutes proceedings begin. The tirst com-
plaint, wkich his highness explained to me
on one cccosionp, was that of a weaz-ned
veteran, very ragged ard dirty, but wearing
two silver mounted pistols and a yatighan.
In a sing-song voice, w.thout hesitat ng for
an instant, hs petit.oa was made. He had
answe ea the lawful summons of his chief,
and repaired in arms to the camp a+ Sutor-
mans, whence Gen. Bozo Petrovich hid dis-
missed him as too old and war-worn for
service, ‘‘I am not old, Gospodar,” he
lamented, ‘‘for I am strovug. And if I have
builets in my body is that a reason that I
should be insulted? IL pray you Gospodar,
te write to B zo Petrovich and order him to
let me fizht,” The anxiety of the pior man
was painful to watch as he turned his cap
ceaselessly, awaiting reply, which was not
given in my pr2sence.

Of another suitor his highness told me
that in some fight he lost his comrades, and
was attacked, all alone, by five Turks,
Four he killed and wounded the fifth, but
he fell himself in the strugule. Snow lay on
the ground, and the evening chill restored
him to consciousness, When his eyes opened
he saw the Turk p:infully crawling to
gather wood, aad he proceeded to assist the
infidel, When cer:ain comrades arrived at
dawn they found these two sharing their
last ration across the fire, and the Monte-
negrin would not be removed until he had
seen his late foe placed in a litter. Together
they were carried to the hospital at Cettinje,
Abrawny little man of the body-guard was
pointed out to me as the hero who brought
in a dozen anda half of heads after one
battle. The czar pre-ented him with all
the decorations possible—I saw them—and
the Russian ladies subscribed a pretty
souvenir in the form of a head-chopping
knife, encrusted with precious stones, at
the expense of $1,200. This I did not see,
for the owner leaves it with his parents, an
exsumple to the youth of that viciuity. Ino
regard to this head-cutting, Gen. Bozo
Petrovitch told me that he would not cry to
stop it, in the hostilities daily expected when
I was in his camp. He declared it a modern

actice, taught within this century by the
invaling armies of the porte. Nose-slicing
is still more recent, jor until late year
priemers was never made. In the last

iod of the war, however, when whole
tralions surrendered, the pracice was
dropped of necessity, and we may even hope
that it will never be revived, ‘The prince

tellow-performers were ensconced. Ina
Yorkshire village church early in this cen-
tary the instruments in the singing-gallery
were the violin, violoncel 0, clarionet, ser-
pent, and bassuon, and when the old clergy-
man wished for the ‘‘Old Hundred” to be
sung, he called out to his clerk, ‘‘Straack
upabit. Jock! straack upabit!” Of this
same Yorkshire pair it is related that on the
vecasion of the first missionary meeting,
when the congregation were waiting ia the
church-yard, the old Vicar said to his clerk,
‘*Jock, ye mauut let em into th’ church;
the dippitation a’nt’t coom!” but, on the
arrival of the two clergymen wao formed
the deputation, the clerk called out to the
people, ‘‘ Ye maunt gang hoame, t’ deppita-
tion’s coom?” The vid Vicar introduceu the
two clergymen in addresses that were
models of brevity: ‘‘T’ furst deppitation
will speak!’ ‘*T’ second deppitation will
speak !” after which the clerk lighted sume
candles in the singing gallery, and gave.out
for an appropria'e hymn, ‘* Vital spark of
heavenly flame!’ The parish clerks who
give out the hymns and lead the congrega-
tional singing are probably at the present
day only to be found in a few remote places,
and in parishes where there is a second
church, at som? miles’ distance trom the
mother church, with its one Sunday service.
Here, very likely, the man is still to be
found who unites in his own person both
eierk and choir. A friend of mine had such
acerk, and the hymns were those of Tate
and Brady. First of all the clerk sounded
the note on a pitch-pipe, and after this
musicial prelude he wound up his nose, as it
were, and, with a strong nasal snarl, pitch-
ed the key-note and began the psalm. A
great favourite with him was what he called
**The Hippy Man,” the psa m beginning
with the line, ‘*‘ Happy the man whose
tender care”—wh'ch word he pronounced
“‘car”—-and the last line of the verse,
‘*The Loard sh ll give him rest,” wus re-
peated twice and shouted with great fervor.
The rustic audience were charmed with his
execution of this psaim, and are greatly
pleased when a Boanerges out of their own
ranks can thus display the power cf his
lungs.
> +Oer<4

“* By Jove !” exclaimed Harry ; ‘‘look at
that girl! Whatcolour! She's the picture
of health.” S.id D.ck, who has learned to
diserimiuate between nature and art: ‘‘A
picture of health! A painting, you mean.”

Youne lady—‘‘ Very changeable weather,
Mis. Wiggins, isn’t it?” Mrs. Wiggins—
‘Hes, miss, it be. Fust ’ot, yer see ; then
co'd, then ’ot agin; but it’s a blessin’, ’cos
if the weather was n’t alittle wariable there
would n’t be no wariety in some folk’s con-
versation.”

A DANBURY man has a Boston lady visit-
ing him, Sunday evening, on coming out of
church with her, he extended his arm, and,
with a delicate deference to her prejudices,
said! ‘* Will you accept my upper limb ?”
With a gratefui look from her glassy eyes
she accepted,

A yousa lady artist married a young
gentleman artist. The uncle of the bride
made a call upon them and found them sit-
ting in opposite corners of their joint studio,
in the sulks, the husband saying that his
wife’s waist was out of proportion, and the

Curious Idol Worship in China.

PECULIAR CEREMONIAL BY WHICH EVIL
SPIRITS ARE CAST OUT,

THE

HaAnacnow, Cuina,—A curious displiy of

idol worship 18 being nizhtly enacted not far
irom this city. It is not casy to de’ermine
to what sect 1t belongs, for, though held in
a Taoist temple, no priest of either that or
any other takes part in the ceremony. It is
entirely carried out by the people them-
selves, and being in the seventh moou, when
the names of the departed receive so much
attention from their living relations, it may
be correct to consider it a purt of ancestra\
worship, At the beginning of the moon pro-
clamations were posted all over the city an-
nouncing the commencement of this strange
ceremony, and calling on the pe-p'e to come
up and pay ther taxes or duties to Yuh-
whang Shung-ti, ‘‘ lord of the world and
savior of men,” as they do to their earthly
Euperor. Eich night, from the Ist to the
1$tu of the seventh moon, this pauody on
oyalty is carried out, and delegates from
various districts bring strings of paper
sycee, which is weighed with the greaie-t
care as if it were real] silver, entered into
the account books of an official, and at the
proper time in the ceremony is sent up to
the spirits, throuzsh fire. An idea of the
quantity of paprr money consumed may b:
formed from the price received for the ashes,
which realizes a total for this ha f month at
16 cash an oz. or not less than $30.

The real business of the eveninz commences
after dusk : The procession, which goes out
of the village in order to return escorting
the spirit of the Emperor, begins to form.
Each man carries a lantern, with the name
ot his district or society painted on it, Tue
main temple and all the lesser one3 are
brilliant y lighted up with rows of lantern
of red cloth, and some place large reflect: rs
bekind candles, the effect of which is very
pleasing, Theatrical dresses of the most
gorgeous colours, and heavy with gold lace,
pass along in groups; boys dressed in red
coth and gold tinsel hats, men bearin:
swords, and battle axes, and bands of musi
cians go to make up this unique procession.
The cen're of all is the Ewperor’s chair,
carried by twelve bearers, containing Lis
tablet ; 2 man on each side, carrying larze
white feather fans, shield it from the pubiic
gaze, but waving to and fro asf fanning a
living person.

After a long interval, the big chair gave
forth a booming sound, and the great ido:
Yuh-whangShung-ti, wearinga mcstgorgeous
dress, appeared and was placed on a raised
platform under a rich canopy. A!'l immedi-
ate’y fell pr. ssrate on the ground, and, for a
while, silence reigned supreme ; piesently the
waster of ccremonies tuok his place, and the
bearers of cards of those gods who, by thew
rank, are allowed to pay their respects to
his Maje-ty (as officials are with the real
Em) eror) begin to arrive. A few feet from
the throne they knelt aud respectfully pre-
sented their card, which was received by an
official, who announced, in a loud voice, the
name and rank of the sender, the court
musicians playing on their instruments on
the arrival of each fresh card, of which, that
night, there were forty-eight.

A tew devout worshippers were allowed to
prostrate themselves in the royal presence,
and toward midnight his Majesty proceeded
to julge the evil spirits.

‘The Chinese consider all mad persons pos-
sessed by a demon, and their friends, in the
hoje that this will be cast out by the ordeal
through which they have to pass at this
court, gladly send them there, each patient
paying $55. These unfortunates are locked
up in the heil kefore mentioned as they
ariive—sufficient ia itself to almost upset
the balance of a sound mind. An official
approaches and reverently esks for the
keys. The request is granted, and runners
ordered to briny one of the evil spirits to be
judged. Theyrush off with a yell to obsy
this order, and presently they are to be seen
at the far end hurrying along one of these
untortunate people. In the midst of fright
tul yells, the Hames of the immense pile of
paper money making the whole court as
light as day, this poor wretch is brought
into his Majesty’s presence, He was a tail,
powerful man, his face pale throuzh passive ;
but if his acts gave any clue to tke state of
his mind he was the only sensible person
there, for he refused to kneel! The excite-
ment became intense. The runners threw
themselves upon him with fierce energy to
force hm to knee}, but he was strong enough
to resist them ell, aud after a iruit ess
struggle he was hustled out of this briliau:
scene, and ag iin thrust into the dark infernal
regions, Another was brought forth with

11

the same demoniacal yelle. He quietly
knelt, and was at length pronounced guilty,
and sentenced to be beaten on the azkles
with the light bamboo. A straw figure was
brought forth to represent him, and he wae
oblig d to lovk on while it received the
punishment,

=» +--+

Spanish Murders and Brigandage.

(Satuiday Review.)

In Spain there is not much actual murder,
but there is a@ rampant brigandage, which
only stops short of murder provided it can
rob without it. Even in Madrid itself, in
one of the tinest and most frequented streete,
a member of the Senate was, only two years
ago, kept a prisvner in his own bedroom 4nd
threatened with death until he paid the
ransom demanded of him. Wands of robbere,
as is only too wejl known, haunt the moun-
tain districts even in the neighbourhood of
the capital. The brigands are said to have
friends in very high places, They exercise a
terror which prevents quiet people from
daring to give evidence against them; they
walk out of prison if they are put into it;
and when they hold lend they pay to the
Government just the amount of taxes that
they think convenient. Justice again is slow
in most countries, but in Spain it scarcely
moves at all. Every process is secret, and
everythiog i3 carried on in writing. The
pile of papers bea;,ed up in reference to the
murder of Gen. Prim ten years ago inounts
up and up; but itis not even yet thought
nizh enough, and a trial seems as far off as
ever. The Goverment is as unable as any
one else to insure a speedy coaviction, and if
it reaily wauts to get rid of notorious crimi-
uals, it shoots them on the pretext that they
are trying to escape. In minor matters there
is the same inevitable delay, and in 1879 the
official Gaz-tie announced thata wituess was
wanted in reference to a railway accident
that had occurred iu 1864. Every Admiuis-
tration, too, invents new ruies, and wants
things to be done in its own style, aud, when-
ever p-oceedings have been pushed forward
a stage, compliance with some new reZulation
is exacted, and the matter is, and always
remains, just where it was. As a last re-
source forgery is called in, on the chance
that it may expedite the course of bus'ness
when nothing else will. Next to robbery
with violence, forgery appears to be the
favorite failing of the natiou. Even brigands
forge, so that they may show themselves as
good and civilized as their neighbors. Not
lony ago in one of the principai ports of the
Mediterranean a cargo was got through the
Custom-house duty free by means of a whole
set of documents forged in the Custom-house
itself. And so notorious and so general is
the practice, that when it appeared that for-
geries of coupons of the State debt had been
made actually in the office where the debt is
supposed to te gontrolled, the Minister of
Finance mi'dly replied to questioners in the
Cinamber, that in a country where coin,
bank-notes, aud every kind of private docu-
ment were habitually imitatei, no one could
wonder that the same ingenuity should be
employed in forging state coupons.

=

NEcEssITy is the mother of inventioa, and
a newly-martied Poiiadelphia man is experi-
menting with an electrical apparatus by
which a party onan upper floor can light the
fire in the kitchen without coming down
stairs or getting out of bed.

A FRISKY old widow, by the name of
Butle-, who had been married several times,
usually with disastrous results to her hus-
bands, having obtained a divorce from her
last husband, who was a Republican, imme-
diately married a new husband, who was a
rising young man and a Democrat. The
friends of the widow congratulated her upon
the acquisition of a new husband. The
widow blushed violently, and, chewing the
seam of her apron, replied: ‘‘ Why, te is
not a new husband atall. He is the same
one I used to have betore the war.”

Tt is absolutely necessary to look carefully
after the education of your boys. They are
apt to get wrong notions into their heads,
and un'ess watched to make use of them to
their detriment. A Sunday school teacher
was examining her class on the parable of
the wheatand tares. ‘‘ And whatisa tare?’
she asked impressively. ‘‘I know,” said a
little fellow, who had watched his parent’s
course to some purpose, ‘‘it is a high old
time ; that’s whatitis.” When asked by
the astonished teacher to exp!ain himself he
said, ‘‘ Last week father was gone three
days, and I know just where he went and
what he did, and the mother told me that
the guy’nor was off on an old-fashioned
tear,’

12 THE CANADA’ LUMBERMAN,

MARKET REPORTS BUFFALO, ALBANY.
We quote cargo lots : ;
é va a o Tiberi en os cincay ire eo ta $35 00 @ 40 00 et whic
ANADA LUMBERMAN OFFICE, Onno at tetas hota cee) SONNE 16 00 @ 19 00} m,
Toronto, 13th Dec, 1880. 7S 0 Raa 8 Ll U0.@, 12-00 | ter vee eet ee eed
ae Te A EB A anna To ‘Biidseort a eae a at Anh dae 1 25 NOTIC:L:
There is no change of consequence to note Sorted LUM Der. CAT NOLB OF MOAL 1ORGS)-'| Tow JEL wel mame ie ieee tate 1 25
‘ ¢ Si mppers Linch)... pace @ 40 00} 7, Providence
in regard to the local prices of lumber ; the} py , if and If in,......--.. 40.00 @ 42 00| ) ah ee SA, 2, SRS 2 00 | ' Monday, :he twe slnteh a men f Jeeunly ——
tendency however, is firmer. Navigation | Do, 2in.......... Pra ae: 45 00 @ 47 00 To ee er ie ni ee Nii eG : ae mine last day for receiving Paitions for Private
finally closed for the season on Monday, the | Do. 25, 3 aud 4 in. special. Te Eartfond. ieee Lae 2 00} . Mond
’ DS ateiS ee t a a te ty epee onday, the thirty-first of J t, will ;
Gth ins'., by Messrs Christie, Kerr & Co., Pickings eR iC; a a te 2 a a To Muldletown. emcees) 1 75 pe day for A ae al Privete neste vi ibe
clearing the Mary Grover, with a mixed car- “ 2: 3 and 4 in, heii cs ey L pd on * SG? Getatet fi tee seat 1 75 Friday, the eleventh of February next, will be the
go of shingles, beards, and timber, for special ck: sae 2200 @..00 00]. aa ate Re memnate Vee 7 00 | jant day for pr se ting Reports of Cwinletees sela-
harlottee, where tl pacliarivedcatelwil se lelwine.acucwereceond cen 22 00 @ 24 00 SEE thera’ rhs
Charlottee, wh-re the vessel arrived. safely Butea heh dl Mancie, 5a" Ap ie 54 00 Quotations at the yards are as follows: CHARLES T. GILMOUR, z
on Tuesday, and will remain moored] oii oy oom. 1 in 16 50 @ 17 00| Pine, clear, WM............-...... 48@60 Clerk of the L yislazive Ascosably,
during the winter, The high wints during NG I} in. and over..... 17 00 @ 2 00| Pime, fourths,.........ceeeee eens 43@55 Tron'o, December 6th, 1380.
the early part of last week broke the ice on | OC mmon, stovks............. 16 50 @ 17 00] Pine, selects... 66. sees e sees, 38@45 |
Toroato Bay, bus it closed towards the end hee eS ee seteees B a @ ie a Rise, good b ¥ Hele ole 0 ATT a ON ole late fhe TELEPHONES,
= _ R n BILING ES sy. -s eral 0 INE, COMMON DOK... . eee cece wees
of the week, The sudden closing of navi-| 19; Gh ear butis........ 2 60 @ 2 7y| Pine, 10 in. p!nk, each..../......, 38@42 wo $5 to $20 per pair
gation leaves on the Toronto dock and along | [, th... .... ccc cesses secs 175 @ 1 80| Pine, 10.n plank, culls........... 21@23 hg, Wire 3} to 5¢e. per
the line of the Northern Railway, nearly two We quote wholesale prices of hardwood | Pine boards, 10-n..............5-. 25@28 rod. Sevt by mail on ~
million feet of lumber and a large qaan- | lumber, delivered on cars or boat : Pine, 10-in board», culls, ea h...... 17@18 ge Is-:,
tity of shingles, which would have been Vier 4 ae erat sabe aie p Ab utr a Poe Z on ee 16 é Apes os a ; dus rial le
E ip ese ope ic} (pon on Moat ain 9 O71. MHOUTGS, LW IU. oe ee sense ; Toronto,
shipped before this time; however, much | 3 inch, Ists and 2 ds, 14 feet coffin Pine 12 in. boards,13 ft..........+. 28 00 “1880. Works two
of them will be moved by rail westwards REOCK.;- caineibibcant Acme ee no 73 00| Pine, 13 in., siding, select........., 42°00] aa a hover peiget rs O loud
and south before spring, Several car loads | 1 inch Ists and 2nds......-....+.+4+ 75, 00 | Pine, 14 -insiding: common... «irs 18 00) ot cen Simpie, the Aiceet weaihd wave, is
of hard wood:arrived from the States by 14, 1} 12, and 2 inch aia tp. tte os 77 00 Pine, 1-in. siling, selected,........ 40 00 | exsi'y eree ed, No infringement on others ‘
: 2h inch and thicker................. 80 00| Pine, 1-in. sidiay, common......... 16 00| No royaliy or rent te pry. Jut the thing for: »
rail last week, “Reports from lumbermen’s}| counters..........«. ...ececeveceee 150 Ov | Spruce boards, each.........4..... 16 | offices, and for busine-s men to conn t thir resi-
camps are that work is goiny on briskly with} uewels 5x5 to 10x10............... 95 00| Spruce, plank, 14-in., erch......... 20 bp eae, are eee Pty Asp “ORS
lenty of snow. Local prices of Jumber in common in, & thicker................ 55 00] Spruce, plank, 2 10., each........., - 80| WANIED, Exclusve territory cotele men }
Ph ; t t si eG) Il h 35 00|S8 I] stri i one
e western cities and towns o DHA Gas], CUMS MI CN raya cms ate Set aap ier ee 35 00 | Spruce, wail strips, each.. EP i CO., =.
also show sizns of greater firmness, and the] culls, 14 inch......6......eeseceeee 35 00 Hemlock, boards, ‘eachise) 2 .24ves HOLT TEL HONE us
demand keeps good. Monufa turers of all} White asp, Ohio 1st and fine 2nds,... 35 00 Hg oe joist, 4x6 each.. 60.2... 30 -——__ Toxowtey ‘Ont.
classes have orders on hand which will keep W bitewood inch) csc sea tinny ls 30 00 emlock, wall strips. 2x4............ 9
them busy to complete until the spring} § inch.. viseeees 28 00] Back walnut, sood, @M.....0%.. 85 06 AST ABLISH Ase
opeps. There isatendency amongst dealers| $n fin ‘stock, ‘14 ft.. .. +e. 80 00] Black walnut, §-in......-....2..).. 78 00 F lian
to work less on the credit system than| square, 4x4 to 10x10.............. 33 00] Black walnut, Z-in.........-...00, 78 00 lectro irative DD ces
formerly, which is a move in the r'ght Chestnuts, lsts aud fiue 2nds,....... 32 (0| Sycamore, L-ins.. 2). eA. AN 28 00 | Ri lieve and cnre Spin” Compltints, Gener aid”
direction, Male x. ; 5. cthinsee Dae Raetare 25 00| Sycamore, im... sees e eee ee eee 22 00| Nervous D bility, Ravamatiom, Goat
WHOLESALE RATES. White oak, Obio................+. 39 00| White wood linc! ond thicker.... 40 00 apd Aree aa ~: aap ane One pe
Mill culls,........ «204 5 50 @ 7 00] Cherry, inch and thicker............. 55 UO| White wood, § inch................ 30 00 cipt- nt halves Ateneo
Shippirg cu ‘| stocks...,... 1Oj005@ A OO) MB Utbenn UG caae sata tients 50 00| Ash; good). 020.78 o8 a, ae 43 00 Sprains, C a Siee)- fy
Ship: ing enlls, (in. box,).... 8 50 @ 10 00} Hickory, best Oijio................. 35 VO| Ash, second quality............... 30-00 eg-ness, Colds, L tigestion.
Dressing inch,.....0-....... a 50 @ 13 00 —_—_ Cherry, govd......0 1.0.60. 0, 60 00 ole fox, Soeraan ee they will 1a) hell woe
Flooring, 1a 4 i. 12 00 @ 13 00 CHICAGO. ery: COMMON ase toe. ees | Oe well a d are ¢ ie1p at any price. -
ois ing an scant ing, eee GMT s () @ 10 50 . ak, gool Sate cc ahem ates a ee tte tee 42 00 y
Millrun sidings... WR Reg CMAP flea en cht ries Woe er 13 09 | Otis second quality. ..0 60 55 00} NORMAN, 4 Queer Street Bast, To-onts,
Pickings.. Sabo eAe ee M OO EY BUY Oo) First and 26 el ie is @ oaks Bah 5 00)’ Basswood 2). 2f4e Jap, Ee sa OY: 25 00] N.B—Trusses for Rup ure, bestin Americas, and
Gidea pickings. hoe 25 00 @ 28 00 RkarceSleaeel get ; oo ORES Ch Gat a NE a a BIChOry eet gone be - ak aie 40 00 Electric B tteries a'ways on hand at reasonable
Lath.. Se ats tip ok vis teephoplve Ds Our AURA ae ETRE RAMEE AOCD: bck tncaoa aple, Cinada.......-+.-s.scc+s+« 30 00 | Prices
Shingles, No. Vesssecssese-e-s. D10.@ 2 a0) Tain clenty auleh. siya: e288 88 00 viapie, Aeneas eee Le
| No. 2.. ss eases inetd tal CU guerre Wises si¢ ing. Secs 7 oe Chestnut. 24...22.. Colfax: 00! SA VE YOUR COAL
toatl a ONT Second common....... as cae H ; 17 50 phseies sere . ae fit a ES: c =
; 5 Fl 1g, 1-t com. Seed ayaa sve : eet Sv cane ars W rT
Common Lumber..........$10 00 @ 12 00 Hloweine ne et eee : *s fa a ee ae waka F EDS <i e ; 25 | J. 3 ELLLOT s
Stock boards......6...0.4. 13 00 @ 15 00] Fiooi g, 3d pee Se 24 SBE Aces: CLEDE” BOC spleen. « ars 3 25 ;
Clear in. and 14 to 2in..... 25 (0 @ 30 00 Box wae A 13an, " en t% Wigs em 43 00 gece enannicn ay aa) ble pee! e+ PATENT eh
Bill stuff, up to 16 f Dols : Pres 23 Sel, Sah le RS ad a S unyles, HeWitock<2. #0) Fea 2 00 z tr
| i eet. omits @ 13 00) Box bds, B, 14 in. and uy 37 00
sean te a 1 BHO0 a) TA O0hmE Ae euatae lee HRN tee me nig Lath) hémlockei)..)... 0. 9, eee 1°50 heat finea en: Se
i Lath, per 1000 feet.. ......... @ 4 00} A stock bhards) 10 @ 12 aa crn: fi 37 00 L th, sproce................004., 2 00 arrangement of te tives a Sercapeateonate
H Shingles No, 2, per M.......: @ 2 65) B stock bds, 10 @ 121i»... a i . ie 33 00 ——s ~~ be, which is bet down and ar around ple cael
B) © cypet squareaien dais \a%. @ 1 90} C stock hds, 10@ 12in............ 27 00 itson ithde even paces Cea Ro“her objec «
i Soe Common stock boaris............0% 17 00 CLEVELAND. the i invention is to secure for oe heat pcre =F
; OTTAWA. Cullibotrines FR Ve $10 00 @ 11 Ov possible benefit of the fire contained in the stove, and
The following sre quotations ia the Otta- | Fene'ng. No. I 13 5) ROUGH LUMBER accomplished by placing sround ths ody os the stove if
wa market :— Renvinjyi NS, 20a 09.90 we CLL GOT RT pa, Eadbk 945-00 {i bot and.se formed that thet of theese sateen Ey
| -12in. stocks, gcod........ $18 00 @ 20 00} Common board’.......,.... 11 50@ 12 50 Timuhe se tithe g¥ coaet®. 2... 0 /bPraaNO ae pocket and afer passing throug
1S. calle. -.-.'10 00 @ 10 50 Dimensionstu.. 6.2... bi ven. 11°00 WRoxsthiphien:a).coe .wectks a ASO 36 00 | ‘through contact with the inner Siflas' of themed Masaaa
good......... 16 00 @ 18 00 Dimension stuff 20 @ 30° ..12 50@ 20 00 nelusbesiy, whe: weeny 264-008 32 00 | Which are mmediately over the hottest of the fire,
10“ —S.eulis...... 9 50 @ 10/50] Small timber, 4x 408 x 8.00.0... 12 00/24 3. and4 in c ears gs! ecial aeore ty of fast than any cther cove. ; Sesle ena
Strips, good. 17 90 @ 20 00} Round posts, cedars...... 6... 15 00/ F s stil i ‘ya any othe store, Se
i io rng Strips, 6 in, No. 1........... 34 00] tor which is a of the stove. The cover becomes a
me ‘Calley. me wives 650 @ 7 50] Pickets, dressed and headei, flav.... 15 00 Duis: sce ht. ek ow 24 009 | water tank, pulpie.nn sitaniaaehiane the pivot on
‘Sidings, 1}, 14. and 2 in. Pck:ts, do., square.......0..40.8. 20.00] Fenemng ae ps, 6-in, Noi Ka qe 6 16 00 which it, turng 38 an iron Sale, aceeee ee Eeeeeaes
| Pood Ki wanisdis: 2 om Tee ” 23 90 @> 26.00. P icketsrdughy 9 eel see FR 14 00 Nay Qorr da coak, . dent aed 14 00 Essie the Coane, this ck (oon cae eaed
; Cy * culls 900 @ 10 00 Clear shingles.. SOG . Vee RM III Selat eee ‘thivkd.c ~ i. em, 28 00 Of vapor ia peojettion ¢¢ pa Saas al ad Taira
Lath (# 1,000 pes.).... 000 @ 100] Ex ‘ra “A” shingles. 4. ot ih cael: 2 65 IGN, Sees Sees Te nedseees daa £2.62 OOM) Ob erteathere t9 a doable beaten, ep seein
Bh Peis (7 Quebec stondard) i an S andard 47 dey shicgles.-....5- 2 40) Commins... scsciuee wseesessssesss 15/00) sifficientvaporttom thetamke Rowe Oly Tne?
7 @ 110 00 1adea'™ SDINGLOR eee eee 1-10) Qoilbventy. MMs Guha We UN eae oes 12 00 | hot air and steam bath ae 3 be obtained by closing the
Deals (# Quebec standard ') Nos Dabingless.\. 6rd Pim ee & 1 00] B. ha: No. 1 12in. cbc cucecuesee. 25 00 | Samper in the water avon Oboe all abteeicied
ee 000 @ 65 00| Ce lar shingles... ...cccsceeceaee 2 25 N 2 16 09 {0 eae We the axccoding Bae
| Deals (% Quebee stardard) Davh;dny.seey At eta. el 2 50 Nosortc tee. } The Stove becomes Simplified and easyto Contre
POY eee ee 2, 50'F° 5 Wo cori 1) see Ce eee 400
i Hales oo so Bae 000 @ 58 50 a No 118 ft. 2 Allhinged d d objectionable fittmgs are abandoned,
| Dull deals (# M. ft.).. 650@ $59 DETRO'T NG Giild fhinweitc Med ctes so Sie “4 a snl are replaced by mica Sights peith, mptal es petrech
nn ae OS hae SES” eiNGeeil Siete tas Meese a oe eee od, te acanonte pei ye
1%! Monltveat $1.15; Ovtbée, "go Bare ny Ae lurahene Gna eiae tall cane Noida byittigth Akela wed fe: 15 00) or removed and cleaned with a cloth, orrepaced whet
my d a , Sees Whnensivall thick a Bill s'iff 0 18. . s\eeeseseaeees 13 O00 | the stove is red hot, without one’s fingers Atthe.
ington, $2; Whitehall, $1.25; Albany, | PPers all thicknesses. ...$40 00 @ 45 09) 3.1) <¢..f aver 18 ft. adds base of the mica lights eyelets are through which a
- $3.50; New York, $4. Selects . sri. cmatw.aalteterumcts 35 00 @ 38 00 75e to $1 f M. constant flow of air causes all the gas El
Fine common, thiek IE es @ 30 00 doe to per . per sumed or to pass off. Sisdh Obata tea cast
OSWEGO. N. Y. Bone ona Ae a - os @ +) a spe racy Gea. AEE ee tage seake ee 3 " (Ge late msed sulin forte cold sion telat te
Al pice AUP ELS. pay erasr tee eee ae a @ 40 00} Fiooring, eclees le wmeeret toed “a Ss 25 a LLeeesh exueimey.2 oS Sel. ¥ 9 = Kove, and is arta, and by this mean means const pe
BB MICIIN GS cia. tetas ons scaupseys.one 2 @ 80.00 commobs: «ao. eced cece : ; ~ | {ation is continued until an even summer heat is obtained.
Baretta c: ) CtRe 20 00 @ 22 On| R PORE oe e an e Surfae’ = Mieke ake adds to the price of aR The circulation se eee
RAN IR breed “iit 3A 14 00 @ 16 00/ Sidi mitra NASER pst eset: mee reugh lu Awd. CFR AO cool underneath the stove. The stoves fretreciaton
fat D j@y(@lears caja gsh) en. @ 24 00] 2 sides... secsusceeeesesae 1 QQ} von; and the slow consumption of Foc the des
AUS sole tyso du Soe SBOE OE 12 00 @ 14 00} Avselect................ @ 20 00 Norway bds and A strips. 18 00 om ‘all itskeated surface, ensures them
Will rin lote./ ss... 16 00 @ 20 00| | Bcommon... sca... @ 16 00 OTR ARE MNRNE. « Ga debe. 2 nod to produce no clinkers er waste:
sidings, selected, ] inch Niger ae 00 @ 32 00 Criling, seleet cpcetee co an eruces a: @ 30 00 ie . ih ‘Tis ae twe gates similar aie 2 ee sof 8
. Pan iby GA eae ge 28 00 @ 35 00} common..........10. 66s @ 25 00 pee ge ‘ft by the lever a shore distance, and by moving the
1 gees ted a 13 t» 16 fret ne ay iS eS e puipting poles Tel aye ie aes @ 12 00] Floormg and drop siding clear. ...... $40. 00 “To ight tye cles all the drafts the base tg tone .
SS ) 25 ili cull boards........... @ 10 00 DOX oe eee eee eeeeeeeee sees 30 00] 9pema direct draft in the smoke flue ; fill up to the
DQ Mewar eee 5 00 @ 16 00} Dime: sion or bill stuff to 16 select com.. 28 00 | the feeder bet a coal leaving snl aly |
Till run. vata 1} in. strips 15 00 @ 18 00 SURED tor 6 Bi t5 Ate @ 14 00 OMG eee acto en tae: 0 Iraft, on the coal place the ligh
13 CA MEER (a 9 20 00 @ 24 00 ER STN oe br ae ) mn, Ne ae Adc Seen 2 20 00 | cover off slightly for ce thelighwood eave the tank
B iiatletad faeces o: : ee Jehan @ 15 00] Siding, 4 n. bevel clear............. 00 | snk cover and open the in front.
( ied. for clapboards 24 00 @ 35 00} — longer thin 24 fret...... 16 00 @ = 00 bOX}. cade che chsh ae EO ee 20 009 | For further information apply to
hinoles. XXX, 18-in. pine 300 @ 3 50] Siing'es, clear, 18 inch... @ 400 wee ak Se RS EN 20 Me:
XXX, 18 iv. cedar..... 300 @ 310] 6 inchiclear, 18 inch oak J. W. ELLIOT,
ath 1 50 7 a » Lo, tenes @ 275} Workirg bmbr matching floorine and a RING STREET WEST,
Mere a tmeLireli aie iuacey est ois ts @ Va IO] Daa \scccres see: obeeipateta sts tals @ 2 251 drop siding, $2; working 4 in. siding, $4. ahaa BOX sea Tannen Qo

:
i

Be. fe a — = hn

13

THE CANADA LUMBERMAWN’

DOMINION BELT & HOSE COMP'Y PIANOS AND ORGANS:

JAMS D. McARTHUR,- - Manager.
MANUFACIURERS OF

Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting !

Fire Engine Hose, Lace, Leather,

OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, ETC. ETC.

Stitched and Ribbed Belting Made to Order.
Double always in Stock - S nd for Sempl-s and Prices.

BORNE ST., TORONTO.

:

eS WM. NORRIS & SON,

8 Adelaide Street East, Toronto.

OOS ee ==
ELLIOTT’S “1880” LACE CUTTER
Is the fir-t ab-olutely perfact tool ever made for cutting all kinds of lec2 leather either , hte ral =
thick or thin. Lacings of a y 1 ngth cr width may be cut and pointed by the most inex- zp \ \ /] | a AL (re PR EB bie ied
3

pereaced, The prce paid ir cuting one side of leather will Luy a Cutter wi h which

you = rage on siz a lacings need«d for each particular belt.
rice 7 ents. S nt by mail on receipt of price. Address GENERAL Woo D WCREKERS
WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO,,
Brantford, Ontario, Canadaj18 Sheppard St. = - Toronto.
: MANUFACTURERS OF

SOLE AGENTS IN THE DOMINION FOR

EWARTS PATENT DRIVE GHAIN !)/Stait Newels, Balusters, Hand Rails,

Ramps, Mouldings, Brackets, Fence-pickets,

and everything requisite for the finishing of Houses, etc.

No Friction, Tension, Stretching; ruxs Fast, Slow, Perpendicu’ar, Ho-izonta or Half Twist.

DONE BY THE HOUR. :

gar Patterns farvisied and designs drawn f-r Scroils and cther work. All crders
romptly attended t».
v

BRYCE BROTHERS,

SP DAY REN CE

POSITIVE TRANSMISSION. STANDS EXPCSURE.

ppm a ee Carrier. Best Lumberman’s Chain. Best Chain for LU MM B i= R YA R e

Waterous Engine Works Oo-, Brantford, Ont., Canada.

Corner Berkeley and Front Streets, Toronto.

:
Szac|! | Planing Mu!, No. 57 O.tario St. : : - : Mills at Elmvale. }
ee:

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN )

LUMBER, SASH, DOORS, BLINDS, &e..

Largest and Best Stock of Lumber in the City at Lowest Frices.

WE HAVE CONSTANTLY ON HAND A LARGE STOCK OF e|

FF

a) :

SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, ETC., ETC.

> pb!
: pee Which we scll at Lower Rates than tzey can be kad any wher: else in the City, £
JIVE Hi i

4% 1.50 PaR ANNUM -— I5c PraR NUMSGR | |SPECIAL ATTENTION civen ro FILLING OF BILLS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
FOR ~ SALE = BY ALL + BOOKSELLERS
AND-MAILED PF REE ON RECE F- PRICE BY é \
WV ec WY A BR wow kc ww Houses Luilt on easy terms of payment. Houses to rent or for sale in any part of tke ciiy t

“- TORONTO,ONT. TORONTO ENG £0. sz Best price paid for Lumber of all kinds, cedar posts, &¢. By

~~

14

A Turkish Wedding.

ELABORATE CELEBRATION C' STOMARY
WHEN YOUNG PEOPLE OF QUALITY ARE
UNITED IN THE LAND OF THE CRES-
CENT,

THE

A very pre'ty and more than pretty picture
of a Turkish wedding comes to us from a
gentleman living in the village of Selonik, the
ancient Salonica, where Jews, Wallachs,
Turks, Greeks, and Albanians now dwell
to ether in amity. Aside from tle Balram
which follows the Ramadan, or month o:
fasting, and the Kurban-Balram, the Tur
knows but one great festival—that of hix
marriage. For the rest, his life is occupied
with his business and family affairs, and even
on Friday he has but to go through iis de-
votions int e mosque after which he returns
again to worldly things. Even the two great
festivals mentioned have, for the most part,
lost their interest in the larger cities, and is
is only in the provinces that the old manners
and cus oms still prevail, and how pleasant
and patriarchial in some of its phases the old
marriage festival is told in the account of
tis correspondent.

He was invited to te wedding of Ali Nisa
Bey, the son of his friend Mahmud Bey, a
man of the highest consideration and respect,
and known through all the neizhbouring dis-
tricts, and consequently the festival was ti
be more brilliant than usual, and was look d
upon as a matter beside which all other
events were bu as ‘he light dust of the bal
ance. No less than three score guests had
been invited to the house of Mahmud Bev at
Kawadar, the seat of the aristocracy of Kik
wesch. Having at length arrived at this
place, all, in company with Mahmud Bey,
betook themselves to the house of Feta Bey,
the father of the chosen bride, where t' ey
met about fifty other :uests, among whom
was the Chief [mau « of the city, Atter salu
ta'ions had been exchanged and they had
partaken of coffee, there entered t \ 0 persons,
each accompanied by two wi nesses ; the firs
announced himself as the representative of
the bridegroom, and the second as te repre-
s ntative of the bride, and, presenting their
witnesses expressed the desire of their princi-
pals to be united in marria-e.

T. en the Imaun inquired of him w:.o repre-
sented the bride, ‘‘ Hast thou given Hairije
Hanum, the daugh er of Feta Bey, to wife
unto Ali Nisa Be , the son of Manmud Bey ?”
and thrice was male answer, ‘‘I have given
her ;’ and so also was it with him who repre-
senied the bridegroom, Tien !mau « arose
and said: ‘‘ By the virtue of my office in the
pre ence of all these witnesses, I declare the
marriage of Ali Nisa Bey, and Hairije Han
um.’ He then prayed and the marriage was
finished. The guests then left the room,and
as each p ssed the door he invoked good for-
tune upon the house. On the following day the
feast began which was to last hrough two
weeks. A donvet teskeressl (note of invita-
tion) was sent abroad to many people saying
that on cer ain days they were welcome to
share the hospitality of the great family of
Mahmud Bey. These invita ions were each
soon followed by a present to t.e invi ed
gues s of a sheep, an ox, ora cow. The last
two days of the festival were reserved exclus-
ively for the trusted friends and relatives of
the family. ‘There were wrestling matches
be ween herculean athletes dressed as to heir
ne’ lier parts in tight fitting leather breeches,
but with t eir upper; arts bared and oiled.
Each smote his hands, slapped his knees, and
the two sprang ro'md each other ever watch-
ful for a favourable opportunity to grapple.
Round and round they went ill at last one
suddenly sprang upon his opponent and a
lively str ggle ensued, neither succeeding in
throwing the other. They separated and rap-
pled again, trying every trick save tripping ;
they fell on their knees and on their breasts,
but it was only when one had thro .n the
other and held his shoulders on he ground
that it was considered a good fall, the victor
receiving a universal ‘‘afferim or bravo
from the spectators. In the second round
thean agonists clapped their hands and sprang
rovwnd each other for a full hour before they
came to close quarters, and one, ca ching the
other by the right leg, lifted him off his feet,
and this also as looked upon asa winning
of the, bont and was greeted with the afferim.
The defeated athlete then made a low | ever-
ence to his conque er, who extended to him
his hand and then embraced him. The prize
was an ox, and afte it had been awarded,
the two wrestlers passed through the
crowd and received gratuities which were
afterwards equally divided between them.
In the evening the ;arty ret»rned to the
house, where Mahmud Bey entertained them,
and trey made themse ves comfortable on
couches, smok:ng chibouks and drinking

THE CANADA

raki, a liquor made vith anise wh ch the
Turks drink before artaking of t e evening
meal, The entertainment was varied with
music, he orchestra consisting of two violins,
a clarionet, a tambourine,a small dr m, and,
above all, a ‘‘canun —an instrument resem-
bling the zither, only larger. I. honour of
the Frankish guest, Italian a: d French music
was at first played, but after a most unearth-
ly fashion, ont of all time and tune. At the
request of the Frank, some Scharki and
Makamgs (Persian and Arabian) pieces were
performed which, in spite .f their seeming
monotony, were still intoned with a peculiar-
ly charming melody, and were played much
b tter than the French and Italian music.
Then :amethe time to see an Arab dance.
T o Gypsy girls dre sed im s ort, bright
coloured garments entered the room and be-
gan to move, slowly at first and gently, and
then in a tempo staccato, till this became
quicker and qu’cker and ended in a bewil-
dering whirl. The steps were a compa: ied
with all possib'e graceful moveme ts of tie
body and the music was marked with the
striking together of thimb es, one on the
thumb and one on the middle finger and
useil as castanet . Ast eda ce grew w lder
and wild rand the girls grew int Menads,
many a ‘‘ Mashallah !” and many an ‘‘Affer
im was breathe! out by the enraptured
company. As it drew near midnight t.o
siryants appeared with silvered yataghans
and richly mounted pistols in thir girdle,
one b aring na kins shot through with yold
and silver threads, and the otier aewera d
basin, both of solid silv:r, and pou ed water
on the hands of the gu sts. Then a low t i-
pod was placed in the cen re of ‘he room and
on it a large copper salver, on the rim of
which wer- bi'sof of bread and del ca ely
carved wooden spoons, while in the centre a
cish containing tschorda (soup), into whic
had been poured, after the Turki h fashion,
eggs beaten with vinega. Around thi board
the guests sa’ cross-legged, the host courte-
ously bade hem “‘bujurun’’—to command
him—and then they fell to, dipping the
bread in the soup. At-r the soup came a
baked lamb, s uffed, a pudding, a potpourri
of meats, ba.ed meat again, several ragouts
with hashed meat, boiled pulse, the whole
ending with a rice pudding. ‘hen all arose,
washed ‘heir hands—t is time with soap—
an: partook of coffee, ollowed by some pleas-
ant e at, and thento be . Inthe morning
they were awakened by music beneath their
windows, and two hours»ft rwari hey wen
to see the out t of the bride. The linen
clothes, nd other household stuff of the | ride
had come, borne by twelve h avy-laden
Lorses. Six men car ied the copper and il-
ver vess ls of the b ide on trays, some of sil
v rand some of copper. The proce sion—
and how this reminds one of Aladd n !—bear-
ing the marriage portion, left the brides
hou e, pass:d up the two prncipal streets
and then reached t e house of tne | ride-
groom. The portion itself might have been
taken for an oriental bazaar m petto, May
ths marriage be blessed. Inschallah !

—— + e+ =——-

The Natural Hstiory of Dress

The p’easure der ved from wearing ai-
tractive gatments ca not be «i nified by the
title of a purely wstheticenjoyment. It is
the monopoly of the ind.viduil who thus
adoris himself ; and the pleasures of art,
properly so called, are above all monopo y.
The impulse must, one suppose-, from the
day when primifive man beyan .o paint his
body or adorn his head with feaihers, have
led to a constant variation in bis style of ap
parel. Itis of the : ature of t e p.ssion t
b- insatiable in isc aving for change and
novelty. We loos foranelemen: of novel y
-von mm a work of purely impersonal art,
and in the persona! ait cf sclf avorument
this demand is omnipoten. Hence what
answers (0 spontaneous variation in the re-
gion of dress, would commonly be the out-
come of t is restless cesire to look finer than
one’s neizhbor’s, In this way the feeling for
the ornamental side of dress has subserved
the development of it as a utility. Changes
u troduced bv individual faney and the love
of the novel and striki) g, would be perma-
nently adopted when found to bring some
advantage, as, for example, increase of
warmth. It may, indeed, be said that the
growth of dress in mere vo ume and number
of distines parts has been giectly promoted
in th first instance by this impulse of self
a ornment. The rude love of beauty shows
itself in an admiration of mere quantity ;
aud the men and wonen who managed to
amplify their garments would clearly by so
doing attain a richer decorative effect.

ee a

Were the Centaures any immediate kin

to the half tribe of Manss-eh ?

LUMBERMAN,

EID & CO., WHOLESALE LU©M-
Bit DEALERS. Lun ber, lath, shing! 8, &
‘ar lots to suit cnstemers. Best culls in the mer-
ket f rf om $6 10 $7 per M.
OFVICE ON LockK—Esplanade, fcot cf Shei borune
Street, [I ronto, 2n

Jn Press—!0 BE PUBLISHED IN JANUARY, 1881.
LOVELL’S

Gazetteer of British North America

Contuining the late-t and most authentic descrip
tio’ sof over 7,500 Cities, Towns and Villages in the
'roviices of Ontario Quebec, Nova Scotia, New
Brunswick, Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island,
Mani ob», British Coumbiavand the North-West
Teiritories, and other general ioformation, drawn
from official sources, a3 'o the names, locality, ex-
tent, ect., of over 1 800 L: kes and Rivers ; a l'aBLe
OF RouTEs, showing the pr ximi'y of the Hailroad
statio s, and Sea Lake anid Rver Ports, to the
Citie-, T) wns, Villaze-, etc., in the several Provinces,
(his Tabl. will be found inva uable); and a nea
Coloured Map of ‘he Dominion of Canada. Edited
by P. A. Crosby, assi-ted by a corps of Writer..
Subs r ber’ names respectfully silic.ted Agents
wanted. {gePric«k $3—Payable on Delivery.

JOHN LOVELL & SON, Publishers.
Montr.al, August 18809.

BUY ONLY THE BEST!

ROYA' PRINTOGE APH

THE KING COPYING TABLET.
Always takes the lad
Over 400 copies have been printed from one writing.
IRIZES AWARDED FOR SUPERIOR MERIT

The only Diploma given by the Industral Exhibi-

tion Association of Toronto, for “ Copyi ig Table:s,”

vas awaried to us for our “ lump oved Copying
Tablets,” with black aud co oured inks

We aso received a S;ccial Prize at the Provincial
Exhibition at Hamilton, and als an Extra Prize for
our very ‘‘ Superior Copying I ks,” for use on the
Printograph or other Vopying Tabl-ts.

GREAT IMPROVEMENTS,
NEW FEATURES
BLACK AND COLOURED INKS,
AND A
SPECIAL PENCIL.
Also a Special C pying Ink for use «n Ri bber-
Stamps.

EVERY PRINTOGRAPH I3 WARRANTED.

that

PRICES REDUCED

Print. graphs. $1.00 and upwards,
size. Inks, 25 cents per bottle, Copsing Pee |, 20
centseach Our manufactures can be seut to any
address on receipt of price.

PIM & CO,,
Manufacturers, 61 King Street East, Turonto
CauTion— ‘8 there are worthleas imitations being
sold under differe t names the public are c:utione
gainst buying any but ‘* Pim'’s Royal Printog: aph,’
as none but thise being our name are geuuiue.

according ©

HARPER’S MAGAZINE

ILLUSTRATED.

“Studying the subject obj ctively au fron
the ed: cational point of view—see in to pr
vice that which, taben altogether, wilt be o the
most service to rhe largest number—I long aso e n
ciuded t’ at, if I could have but one work for a pub-
lic hrary, Two ld ~elee a co.plete set of Harper's
Monthly.”—Cuar.rs Francis Apams, Jr.

Its c nten’s are c> tribut)d by the most em nent
auth..s andar ists of Eu op: and Americr, wile
the loo expe ience of itx publisvers hax m de tn m
them thorou lly co: versant with the de ives of the
pub ie, which they will spare no cff ts to gratify.

HARPER'S PERIODICALS.

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Harrer’s WEEKLY, Ope Yrar..... .. «es =-£ 00
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Any Two a®ove named, One Year.. ..... 2. 7 00

1 50

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Postage I’ree to all subscribers in ‘he United States
or Can da.

The volumes «f the Magazine begin with the Num-
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tinie is specified, it will be underst: od that the sub-
scriber w shcs to begin with the current Number,

A Compl te Set of Harrgsr’s MaGazing, compris-
ing 61 Vo umes, in nea) cl th binding, will be sent
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Address HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.

1881.

HARPER’S WEEELY.
Illustrated.

T’ is periodical, by i's able and scholarly discus-
sio:s of the questions of 'he day, as wel! as by its
i lus rations—which are prepared by ‘he best artiste
—his always exerted a most powerful and beneficial
jvfluence up m the public mind.

The weight +f its influence will always be found
on the side of morality, enlightenm ut, and refine -
men.

HARPER'S PERIODICALS,

HARPER'S WEEELY.....+-.+05 ores sacs

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The Turee above publications, One Year..... 10
Any Two above named, One Year....---.....
1 60
subse ibers in the United

Harrer’s YOUNG PEOPLE.......-. otele-cpecee

Postaze Free to all
St; tos or Canada.

The volumes of th: Weekly begin with the first
Nuwber for Jinuwy of ec; yeu. When +o time
is mer tioned, it wil) be on ersto d th tthe subseri-
ber wi hes to comm«i ce W.th the Numb_r next after
tie receipt of order.

The last Eleve: Annnal Vounrs of HaRPra’s
WEERLY, 'n neat cloth bi di+g will be sent by mail,
postyge paid or by expriss, fre of exp ns (pro-
vid'd the freizit dos not «xceed one dolar per
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Cloth Cass for: ach vo'ume sui able for bind'ng,
wi che sen by mai, post pad, on receiptcf $1.00

ah.

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Oide or Drift. toavo'd chance of Loss.

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without the exp: ess order of HARPER & BROTHERS.

ADDRESS HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.
1881.
HARPER’S BAZAR.
Illustrated.

T..is popular periodical is pre-eminen tly a journal
for the houschold.

Every number furnishes the latest information in
rg ri to Fashions in dress and ornament, the new-
e3t and most approved pst!érns, with descriptive ar-
ticles derived from suthentic and original sources :
while its Storics, Poems, and Essays on Social and
Domestic To; ics, give variety to its columns.

HARPER'S PERIODICALS.

Harper's Bazar, One Yesr..........-- Sas
HARPER'S MAGAZINE, One year...... cube i oven ow

HARPER'S WEEKLY, One Year.........-se005+-. 400
The Tures above pub.ications, One Year.......10 00
Any Two above named, One Year........0.+-. 7 00
Harper's YounG Peopug, One Year...... -...-. 150

Postage Free to all subscribers iu the United States
or Canada,

The Volumes of the Bazar begin with the first
Number for Janvar ofeac) year, When no time is
mentioned, it will be understood t’ atthe subscriber
ws es'o0 commence with the Number next after the
ree ipt of order.

T e last Eleven Annval Volumes f Harpgea’s Ba-
ZAR, in n- at ¢ Oth bondi , will be set by mail, pos-

ae raid, or by exer ss f ee of expense(proviled
the freight does not exceed one dollar p.r volume),
for $7 00 each.

Clo b Cases for each volume, suitable for b ning.
wi'l be sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt of 31 00
esch.

Remittances shonld be made by Post-Office Money
Order or Draft, to avei! chance of loss

Newspapers are not to copy th’s adve tisement
without the express order of HARPER & BrorHess.

Address HARPER & }ROTUGER, New York

| $6.50
Breech-Loading Shot Gun,

including Wads, Caps, Relo-dable Shells, and Set
of Reloadins Tools—Barre! Decarbonized Steel—as
-afe and accurate as a gun costing five times the
rice, Send 6 cents for 96 page fitustrated Cata-
ogue for 1881, now ready.

CEAS. STARE
52 Church Street, Toronto

MACHINERY!

eae ae No. 3 SAW MILL

Log Turner, 68 h.p. Engine, 8 Boilers, dome and
heater. This is first class mill outfit, held for a
bank and willbe sod cheap. Wehave als»2 iron
Lathes and other Machinery. Send for Price List:

WM. DINGMAN & 00.,
56 Front Street Esst, Torcnto,

an

Gis ty Ld a es

MIDLAND RAILWAY OF CANADA

‘Whitby, Port Penny & Lindsay

NOTICE TO SHIPPERS.

All freight for points on the above roads
should bs shipped via the GRAND TRUNK
Ramway, when it will be forwarded by the
shortest route without transhipment and at
the cheapest iates.

Fast Freight Trains Run Through To
Peterborough, Fenelon Fails, Kin-
mount, Minden, Orillia, Lindsay, H:li-
burton, Midland, and Waubaushene,
connecting with fast steamers for
Parry Sound end Byng Inlet.

For rates, etc., apply to local agents, or to
A. Waite, General Traffic Agent, Peter-

borough.
GEO. A. COX,
Managing Direcior, M. R. of C.

JAS. HOLDEN,
Managing Dircctor W., P. P., and L. Ry.

Great Western Railway

TICKFTS to San Franc‘rco aud all Points on the
Pacific Coast, both Overland and by Pacific Muil
BSteamehips from New York. Winvipez and the
Porth West by all Routes. London, Detrcit, Snr-

nsion Bridge, and ai] the principal points in the
— Sratzs, both east and west, with the fullest
information of Routes, with Guides, Time Table-,
Maps, &c,, FREB.

SOLE AGENCY FOR THE
WHITE <TAR LINE,

To Liverpool, Londonderry, Queenstown, Bel-
fast and Glasgow.

T. W. JONES, Agent,

3 York Street, Toronto, near Queen's Hotel.

OR SALE, IN THE BEAUTIFUL

= town of Orillia, a very commodious brick house

with out buildings and garden. Terms “moderave.
Apply to Editor of LumprRMan, Toronto.

Eos ee BROTHERS,

Brokers, and general Produce-Proyision Commis-
siow Me nts, 24 Water Street, faintJoan N B.
Bighest References provided. Consignments solici-

Correspondence respe:tfully requested. Returns
promptly made.

: THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

J. N

o

FILL & § |

IRON FOUNDERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF ;

STEAM ENGINES, BOILERS d& SAW MILL

MACHINE ERY-

—-

Front and Esplanade Streets, Opposite the Queens Hotel, i

TO ron Fro.

Ww. R. MACKENZIE. D. G. NACKENZIE. i 4 -—
Wer Assets, Jan. 1, 1879 INT’RST RECEIVED, 1 | E
$23,761,342. AETNA LIFE $1,856,710. Hie H
RATE PER CEnr., 7.81 : ale | .
That the above isa most satisfactory and profitable rate of interest will
be conceded by all. But the careful attention paid to this, t S Wt ET
d ent, by the Directors of the ETNA LIFE INSURANCE One. 202 SPARK : oe e : cess
Soon Z ae t Pe ds ye ee LSet gio oe light of the following
}, £01 in the latest pu ed reports oO: i
Canadian Life Insurance Peanouies — . eee Beale ene |
N. i ASSETS, INTEREST. RATE,
Equitable, New York.... $84,195,368 $1,950,680 510.
Union Mutual ............. 6,874,249 344,591 6.01
New York Life ................ 35,630,557 9,921,887 65.67
London and Lancashire 5720 37,325 4.38
Reliance, of London 2,379 410 109,720 461
eee y of Edinburgh. 25,939,635 1,120,255 4.81
Canada Life ..............:.00- 3,070,988 004 6.49
Sun Mutual, Montreal .... rh 319,178 21,774 6.82
Mutual, Hamilton ...... eee i 4,684 6.26
Average ....... war» $12,149,797 $644,436 5.85
ETNA LIFE, $23,761,342 $1,856,710 7.81

6 35 per cent. upon $23,761, 80
Upwards of $585,000 was there

6. Rear: +. $1,271,13

nly 1
sf the HTNA'S

ore realized in 1879 by

New and Commodious Brick Building; best h
er «oc sample rooms Acoukinily forse: -A good house ineve:y respect.
,

management from its $23,761,342 over and above the average of the ni
Companies. Thisisa point of great importance to persons eaeing to hacks
their lives on the “WITH PROFITS” plan. ts All the profits in the
ZTNA’S Mutual Department belong to the Policyholders.

Receiving, a8 above shewn, @ more profitable rate of interest on its funds,
andalso transacting its large business at a great saving in general expenses,
copipared wie rome ie Cay is able to one the ae more favorable

f e owing examples. C)
columns show the premiums at 40 years ot age: x ecleacewent

Endowments, with Profits, Death ont;
$1000. at Death, or the end tf y without Profits.
pe Eee

a ieee
10 y’RSs. 15 y'’Rs, 20 ¥’RS. AGE 30. AGE 40. AGB 60
.80 $50 30 $18.20 $25.90 $64.30

NAMES OF COMPANIES,

So Se ie ho Bae
y . .! ; 2.76
68.70 50.00 cate Coole, he
6940 651.70 16.90 24.60 63.90
69.49 61.78 enawaas peceooe eacecce
69.49 61.78 aaron Proce abeosad
69.92 651.56 18.89 25.05 63.58
70.04 652.60 22.92 80.49 67.91
Aire sey 51.97 20.87 28.15 65:'
Average Preroium......... 106.35 69.41 51.50 19.51 26.63 64.58

y. > i ee 97.43 61.46 48.77 17.20 24.37 61.98
INS Onn 8.92 | 2 2.381 2.26 2.60

Besides this important diflerence in the rates (which is of itself a large
dividend— a bird in the hand”) the AE TNA makes a liberal cash dividend
every ia in reduction of the above profit rates. making in most cases a very
muc ger difference than here shewn. WM. H. ORR, Manager.

ORILLIA HOUSE. DOMINION HOUSE.
ORILLIA, BRACEBRIDGE.

"bus. gromthe wharf. Terms, $1 per d

JOHN KELLY, Proprietor. R, GILCHRIST, Proprietor. Terms, one dollar per day.

;

Ma: u’acturers of # nts f-r Lambermen, sportsmen, Camp meetings, Phovographe s Lawr and Mili- |

‘
_ all siza3 and styles, white or fancy striped, mildew |

sik-finish bunting. CAM’ BEDS (B adley’s ya-
tent) the bist bd ever inverted; sz* when folded,

2 x Gin.; 3 feet long, wei_hing only 11 pounds, but
strong enough to bear the weight of a-y man. —
Materproof waggon and hors? covers, tarp2u ins,
she ts, coats avd leggings of every description,

nade to order on the premises. [28 Special rates
to Lumbermen. Send for catzlcgue and price list te

National Manufacturing Co.,

202 Spa:ks Stree’, Ottawa.

QUEENS HOTEL. oman ao ase
3 “ — A 1)
BRACEBRIDGE. i
JOHN HIGGINS, Prcpiietor. The proprietor Fine r atches and Jewellery,

(late of Georgctown,) having Ja‘ely purc!.ased
the above hotel, will endeavor to make it one of
th> best houses in the District of Muskoka. Tourists

CALL AT

ion. Free "bus to and from th: stc:amboat wharf.

{
Free Lustvand | and bunting p trties will receive every p ss:ble attcn.- | RY R I E ; =) the Jeweller, .

113 Yonge-st., Tor nto, :

al

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE GROWNING TRIUMPH 6 OF E THE BELL “ORGAN | EK. EK. DIXON & co.

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED ' 7{) tT

The Bell Organs have just reccivee the HIGHES! AWARD and SPECIAL PRiZE (Gop Mepat), at pil
the International Exhibition, sydney, Australia, this year, for their Organs over aJl the English and
Amer can makes. ‘nis aloug wii the un! ‘imited : »wirds, prove that 1
£
THE BELL ORG ag LEAD THE WORLD.
> ©» Slip ave
py bo Bio os
Bos ee ey First Prize, Provincial Exhib Futibitens ne - Ottawa,
ee oe 4 ‘% Hamilton,
a re a ce A Y “cc “<
Se) pints ae London,
Bes Blea a 43 Industrial Mxhibition, - Toronto,
E> m= OO q “ “ Toronto,
hs ey, aS : f International Medal, Centennial Ex., Philade phiia,
. — (=)
. » =
7 H om 6 Bes es .
: FS ES re > None cenaitts unless wi h a ST\R on the head of rivets Sm fur Price Lists and Discounts.
MY rs" Ey es ° =
a oS a i “ ~
S = 2 psy: - ™ 4 y
i olborne oronto
ents SR te es 29 °
ERAS Be ,
cis jeetee “2” eagle
oO Bi . . 5 .
mt aan ae ee 5 MAC ial I N K RY O I LS
eo ie,
c ; wn *,
toe 77] . te . Ts
¢ ae eS Te i 4 hy |
Bee ee oe o enlers and Cousune n
r ee te RID
Sy ty kg 2 fae] “+ +
sf 6 fe 5 3 es cs Pa]
ims Ce ond F Ptr
Sade ies — Lae agar = Haat = | i
QB G. ey. Boee ome |
SPER SF "Ss rs
ei 3,0
ewist (aie: moO 3
io 2) bo | ~I ~J =I ~I A p88)
Soo MO NT oO > 3.0 5 0
The Beli Organ Mi shittacty is the Heat and Cldest in the Brijish Empire, and the fact that we Li - ~/ —
have sold nesrly 15,000 proves that they are the be t in the maiket, We guaruntce all our Orzans for five 3 » Oo ~~
years. : - >
Correspondence invited, Ilustrated catalogue mailed free. = | ke @) a
$
0 2 5 E re)
a
W. BELL & CO., 20 a
41 to 47 Eest Maiket Square, GUELPH, ONT, 7 es - > & r
: a ac oF
O:Ss OBS
|
Ong foe
nd 5 2
” ile

It will give the subscriber much pleasure to forward, post free, to any address, on applicatias,
pamphlet, Prntate ning instructions and information that have been found of the greatest practical use te
dealers and consumers of machinery oil in Cauada. !t contaius the fullest informstion as to the =
ent kinds cf oi's, their qualities and uses, thus ——a the consumer to make choice of the very oi
best adapted to his wants, and also enables the merchant to select the ae most eabalibed o be i
demand in bis neighborhood, This pamphlet shows conclusively that oils pro} trstiibedl trom
petrok um, are vastly superior to any animal or vegetable i, 1 am now Fas ae
“extra” anl “XX” oils [ manufactured from 1870 to 1873. They are pop. ph ot te. diana
ex'reime cold, an.\ warranted to give satisfaction a every particular. ‘Beware of Agents orn your ares-
ders without my trade-marked order-book. Address

GEO. B. STOCK,

P. 0. Box 1146, Toronto.

ees Nothing Like It Yet Seen

The nla Hotel, Toronto, Canada. : Hichont Aweres ae

| TORONTO, 1860. - 1st Prize and Diploma.
McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. HAMILTON, 1880, - de a *

a Patronized By Roualty and the best femilies. Prices graduated mae: to rooms, LONDON, “ Ayer «6

‘MILLSTONE

> CHOPPING

MILLS -_
FOR LUMBERMEN. 3 InE@E

saaeso a =

. STANDARD CHOPPING MILLS,

USING BEST FRENCH BURR MILL-

| TONES, SIMPLE, EFFICIENT, BAROTIg
CAL. CAN BE RUN BY ANY INTELLIG-
ENT MAN, NO RENEWING PLATES ASIN IRON
) uh 12 INCH CAPACITY MILLS. GRIND=

6 7015 BUSHELS F RHO! 3
LBs SESS UR Ene Witt, LAST ee

a Wil grin] as fne rs any. fori-foot stone.

~
Guaranteed “2 sh oped Tie kind of grain, fine

coar as 4 four foot mi one a } we 2 ry inc ri i. . H Vil ii TEESE
WATEROUS ENEINE WORKS GO, SRANTEORD. caNipa, ‘“7™Bermer, grind your own Horse Toed. eee =

Make your own Flour with our Portable Grist Mill.
PRICE, Grist Mill compl t7, $600. Capacity, On2 and @ hay THE PEARL DRY H Pp

barrels of goed flour per hour, J
sahil Re Ready ina moment, and unaffected by time or weather.

sar Ask your groccr for it or send direct to the factory.

Waterous Engine Works 00. | PEARL YEAST Co.
Brantford, Ontario, Canada Bex 1164, P. 0. 39 Front Street East, Toronto.

Serd for particulars, address

VOL. IL—NO. 6.

TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER 31, 1880.

$2 PER ANNUM.

SAVE THE TREES.

Whatever opinion may be held by the
owners of the timber Jands regarding the
nearness of the exhaustion of the supply of
pine and other available building timber, it
cannot be a question says the Lumberman’s
Gascite with any intellectual person that it
would be well if the woodsman’s vandal axe
were stayed against every promising Ncr-
way, hemlock or whitewood tree which may
now be regarded as of no merchantable val-
‘ue. It may be said, these trees are of no use
for the manufacture of lumber, and. th’'s
may be true when compared with our more
desirable pine. But it is nevertheless truz
that they may be made available for many
of the purposes for which white pire is now
used. Norway is coming into use to a
great extent for bridge timber and bill stuff,
but not to the extent which it might le
made available, While it is not so easily
worked as white pine it is quite as enduriny
and in moist situations probably more so,
being highly impreegn:ted with pitch. For
timbers, joist and scantling, there can be no
objection to it, while its use for these pur-
poses would conserve so much pine which is
more available for other uses. Norway
has been used for finishing lumber and pre-
sents a pleasing effect when finished in oil,
the grain making it quite ornamental. Hem-
lock may be used for the same purposes as
Norway pine, except it cannot be so freely
exposed to moisture. Indeed it requires to
be kept dry in order to secure its greatest
durability. While not useful as a finishing
lumber or available in so many situations as
pine, there are many uses to which hemlock
can be put where it wonld answer the same
purpose. For beams. joists ard sills, rcof-
ing bosrds, she.thing box:ds, rough fencing,
and the like, it » ul’ he found an admirable
substitute, sinve i= limited adaptability
would necessar 1» mak« it cheaper than pine.
It isa sirong durab'e «cod, and we have
seen it made into v 1y g od lumber. There
is a vast dcal of \@uica in Michigan, butit
is going the way of ‘he piue, only in a more
vandalish way. The timber is being sacri-
ficed for the ba k, which is stripped from
the tree for tanning purposes and the trunk
left to rot upon the ground. Whitewood is
quite a desirable timber, but it is not very
plentiful in the northwest. In the south it
is abundant and known—in some parts, at
jeast—ze voplar, and is as highly esteemed.
There is tome of it in Michigan. If the
Jugubrious prognosticatione regarding the

near approach of the total destruction of
‘our’ forests be well founded, even the
apparently worthless-for-any-purpose-cxcept-
to-swindle-wood-buyers basswood may some
day have a value asa lumber yielding woold
—providing any of it is left standing after
the pine has disappeared. If the present
generation cannot be brought down to the
use of any of the woods we have referred to,
but must have the very finest grades of tim-
ber now growing in the forests, regardless
of posterity, it would be only just to the

future generations that the conservative |
‘policy be adopted towards the coarser pro-

ducts of the forest, to the end that our chil-
dren’s children may have a chance to shin
around among them and put them where
they will do more good than being added to
the soil by rotting, or the atmosphere by
burning. At the present rate of demolition
it is certain the woods will not always be
with us, and it were better to treat them so
that we shall not be quite consumed by re-
morse when they shail disappear. It will
be a sufficient source of grief that we can
coin their stalwart trunks into ducats no
more.

To the above, the Northwestern Lumberman
replies, and states that while the article
contains many sugyestions which in their
elementary character are useful and truthful,
is yet laden with so many errors and mis-
statements us to be deserving of severe
criticism, coming as it does from
a journal which is publicly supposed to speak
intelligently upon subjects pertaining to the
timber supply of the country. Its assertion
that Norway, hemlock and whitewood have no
merchantable value and are of no use for the
the manufacture of lumber, will strike the
average lumberman with surprise, especially
those east and west of the Saginaw Valley.
Of the 1,608,000 fect of lumber constituting
the receipts of the past season at. Chicago,
we believe we underestimate when we assert
that fully one-fifth, or 300,000,000 feet was
Noiway, which while not a prime favourite
like white pine is still recognized as 3 prom-
inent and indispensable article in the lumber
trade, bearing a price but a trifle below that
of white pine. Again the Gazette is in error
in asserting that Norway is quite as endur-
ing as white pine in moist situations, Ex-
actly the reverse of this proposition is the
truth. Norway is of little or no value
except when perfectly dry, or else perfectly
submerged, Moisture is a deadlier enemy
to Norway than to white pine. For joist it
is excellent and durable because in this
position it is kept dry, but a Norway sill is
avoided by every builder when any other
material can be obtained, except when it is
to be placed in a position where it has a

erfect circulation of air around it, As

ridge timber it is avoided, and is seldom
used where a thickness of over six inches is
desired, from its lability to dry rot when
used as timber, Hemlock will stand more
moisture than Norway pine which is the
most liable to decay of any of the coniferous
varieties of timber. The assertion that
hemlock has no merchantable value will pro-
bably be read with surprise by the lumber
dealers and manufacturers of Maine, Massa-

chusetts and Pennsylvania, the former of
whom manufacture in the ratio of 17 per
cent. of hemlock to 80 per cent. of spruce
and three per cent of pine. Hemlock is
among the standard quotations of the Boston
market at from $11 to $13.50, with spruce at
$13 to $17, and coarse grades of pine at $12
to $18. Hemlock has to but a small extent
as yet been utilized in the West. but this is
simply because of a prejudice, induced by
the greater plentifuluess of white pine and
its low value, combined with its quality of
being graded and thus yielding a larger
measure of profit, while hemlock costing
equally as much to manufacture, presents no
chance fat ‘‘pickings” or speculative grades,
If in this sense the Gazette refers to it as
having uo merchantable value it is measur-
ably correct. Whitewood, in some sections
termed poplar, is ove of the most plentiful
in the supply of timber wocds of the South-
western and Middle States, and one of the
most valuable woods of localccmmerce. It
is true that but little is found in the North,
but itis heid at a yalue equal to the best
pine. The Gazette bas but to scan its own
pages of pine quotations to learn thatin Al-
bany, Philace!phia and Boston, whitewood
or poplar ranks in value with ash, oak,
maple and hickory.

The most astounding statement which tiie
Gageite makes howev«r, is in its allusions to-
‘even the apparently worthless-for-any-pur-
pose - except - to-swindle - wood-buyers bass
wceod” which it asserts ‘‘may some day have
a value as a. lumber yielding wood.” The
demand throughout the United States to-
day for this ‘‘worthless for any purpose”
timber, so far exceeds the supply, that deal-
ers are hunting for it in every direction.
The wants columns of the LUMBERMAN have
carried an advertisement of one Chicago firm
for the past six weeks or more, soliciting
narties who can supply it to make themselves
known. In the city cf Chicago alone pro-
bably 10,000,000 feet per year would be
taken if it could be had. It is extensively
used by tlie furniture manufacturers, it isan
indispensable wood in carriace making and
sleigh manufacture, and the sewing machine
case manufacturers of this couniry would be
glad to.day to contract for 100,000,000 feet
of this ‘‘ worthless for any purpose”’ timber,
and would not need much urging to double
the order. The market value of this
‘‘ worthless fur any purpose” timber is io-
day in Chicago from $20 to $30. Boston

uotes it at 25 to 27, with % at $20 to $22.

Ibany $20 to $25. Milwaukee $20 to $30,
in the light of which figures the assertion of
‘‘worthlessness” seems anomalous,

The Gasette is in error in characterizing
either of the woods named as worthless or
possessing no marketable value. Fortunes
are quietly being worked out of all of them
and the aggregate trade in each, even in the
Northwest is something enormous, Even
the despised black ash, formerly considered
of value only when the straight grain of a
central section of the trunk enabled it to be
split into hoops, has of late years taken a
high position as an ornamental wood, and
we are aware of at least one veneer mill
now being erected in the Northwest which

will make a business of supplying black ash
veneers, The libraries of the Cornell Uni-
versity are fitted up with black ash, a goodly
portion of which was cut in the swamps of
Bay county, Michigan, for the late Jobn
McCraw, whose liberality has done so much
for the University,

HOW TO BE A SUCCESSFUL SAWYHB.

The aim of every workman should be to-
ward superiority in his particular employ-
ment, To reach this point experience is of
course of the greatest value and absolutely i
the best teacher, Nevertheless certain rules
may be stated, the following of which will
greatly assist the aspirant after success in
his calling. Other things being equal, a
sawyer may reasonably hope to attain to
superiority by observing the following di-
rections: 1. Acquire sufficient knowledge
of machinery to keep a mill in good repair.
Remember that if a knowledge of machinery
is a geod acquirement one cannot have too
much of it. 2. See that both the machinery
and saws are in good order. Aman cannot
do the best work when he is in ill-health,
neither can machinery do the best work
whon if isin ill-repair, 3, Bear in mind it
does not follow because one saw will work
well that another will do the same on the
same mandrel, or that even two saws will
hang alike on the same mandrel. On the
principle that no two clocks can be made that
will tick alike, no twosaws can be made
that will run alike, 4. It is not well to file
all the teeth of circular saws from the same
side of the saw, especially if each alterna e
tooth is bent for the set, but file one-half
the teeth from one side of the saw, and of
the teeth that are bent from you, s0 as to
leave them on a slight bevel and the outer
corner a little the longest. 5, Never file a
saw to too sharp or acute angles under the
teeth, but on circular lines, as al! saws are
liable to crack from sharp corners. 6, See
that each tooth willdo a proportional part
; of the work, or if a reciprocating saw, keep
: the ontting points pointed on a straight edge. :
i 7. Keep the teeth of your saws so that they {
; will be widest at the very points of the teeth,
otherwise the saws will not work satisfac-
torily, the tendency of all saws being to wear
narrowest at the extreme points. 8. The
teeth of all saws should be kept as near a
uniform shape and distance apart as possible,
in order to keep a circular saw in balarce
and in condition for cutting.
—— 2 <~2>—_— oe :
La Banque Nationate.—In the LusmBer-
MAN of the 15th inst. the name of La Banque
Nationale appears in the list of timber n-a<
utacturers. We are informed that the Bank
is not manufacturing timber on its own ao- ;
count, although like similar institutions it
has advanced funds to a few lumbermen,

3 f

to

OUR HERO IN BLACK.

We always spoke of ourselves as a ‘‘ gar-
rigon town,” we good folks of Donjonville.
And why should we not? Had we not
barracks and a company of Foot, and, more
than all; a Government chapel and a Govern-
ment chaplain? What more woul1 you have
to constitute a garrison town? We had no
fortifications, it is true—nothing, in fact,
that, strictly speaking, could be garrisoned
—but then we had our noble and massive
old castle, with its walls nine feet thick,
which had stood a siege of six months by
Robert Bruce, and a bombardment of six
minutes (two shells did the business) by one
of Cromwell’s generals. We swore by that
castle, we swelled with conscious pride as
we spoke of it; and a cynical tourist, who
was overheard to describe it as ‘‘ a gray squat
building,” narrowly escaped being lynched
upon the spot, This ancient fortress had,
indeed, degenerated into a common gaol, a
fact which somewhat detracted from the
romance of its associations ; but, despite the

ainful penitentiary cleaniness an‘ order of
its interior, there was still a fine old fendal
look about portions of its exterior, and we
Donjonvillites could, at any rate, boast that
there was not in the three kingdsms any
castle of its age in such perfect preserva-
tion.

We were a trifle dull, perhaps, at Donjon-
ville—prejudiced persons from neighbouring
towns, envious of our historical prestige,
sometimes pronounced us stagnant; indeed,
a distinguished novelist, who once honoured
us-with a-flying visit, afterwards described
Donjonville as ‘‘ probably the dullest spot on
the habitable globe.” But, then, how could
he ‘possibly be able to judge from seeing

“DYnjonville for a few hours ‘on a miserably
' wet day ; and what weight, after all, does
“aly “Sensible person attach to the flippant

‘utterancés of a‘ shal!ow scribbler? ot,
mind you, that we were not sometimes con-
scious ourselves of being dull, and at such
times we Wegne wont to exeerate the dulness
of Donjonville with singular unanimity and
forcibleness of expression. But then it was
‘one! thing’ to pass unfavourable criticisms
upon Jjonjonville ourselves, and quite an
other to tolerate such strictures from
strangers. On tne whole, a pretty wide
experience of ‘Haglish’ provincial towns in-
clines me to thinky that. Donjonville was,
after all, not so dull as many places which
make far greater pretensions to liveliness.
We rejoiced of course in a plethora of
gossip, for you will generally find that the
smaller the town the bigger the gossip ; and
we had an admirabie assortment of gossip-
mongers of both sexes, the male element,
however, being, Iam bound to say, the pre-
pohderating one, We had an American
‘‘eolonel,’?, a retired sea-captain, and a
militia major, whom I would have backed
both as retailers and inventors of scandal
against any three inthe world, But rich as
we wereiim acc »mplished gadabonts, we were
even richer in original.‘‘ characters,” whose
eccentricities kept us constantly provided
with enter:ainmeat. Foremost among these,
by right of his‘individuality not less than
byright of his social position, stood our
Government chaplain, who was also practic-
ally the vicar of Donjouville, their being'no
other “‘ Hstablished” place of worship w.th.
in a mile of the town, Tne Rev. Joseph
Stickler--‘‘the last of the Sticklers,” as he
used; | half-proudly,. half-pathetically, — to
style himself, for he was a widower, and his
only son had been killed at sea—was a re-
markable manin many ways. In height he
was not more than five feet three iuches, but
in girth his proportions were gigantic. 1
have never seen so short a man carry the
middle button ot his waisc»at in aything
like such an advanced position as Joseph
Stickler carried his. His knees ha} been
hidden from his sight tor years. He had a
leg—or I should say two legs, for he possess-
ed the normal complement--of perfect shape.
If Mr. Stickler had any mundane vanity,
and even the b-st of men are not without it,
his legs were the object of that vanity. It
was because he was just alittle vain of them,
I suspect, that he clung to tie good old
fashion of knee-breeches, b!ack-silk stock-
ings, and. buckled shoes long after the rest
of the civilized world had discarded those
integuments, though probably, if all the
leaders of fashion had possessed such ele-
ant extremities as our Government chap
ain, the modern trouser would have been
unknowh. In deportment the Rev. Joseph
Stickler could have given Mr. Turveydrop
a lesson, He carried himself with such
dignity, that when he stood talking om the
arade with ‘*Cunnle” Hiram B, Fulton, a
anky ‘*Down-Haster ” of six feet three, the
parson struck you as being by far the bigger

THE CANADA

man of the two. His florid clean-shaven
face would have heen handsome had it been
a trifle less fleshy; and, at any rate, no
one could deny that it was a good resolute
Eoglish face, full of courage and sense,

So much for the Rey. Joseph Stickler’s
physique. But his manners were even more
remarkable than hisfigure. He had a blunt
forcible way of calling a spade a syade, both
in the pulpit and in private life, which often
shocked persons burdened,with a particularly
squeamish sense of propriety. 1 heard him
once put an extinguisher upon an affected
and foolish lady, who was expatiating oa
the virtues of the son whem she had just
sent to school, by blurting out gruffly and
brusquely.

“Humbug, madam, humbug! There
never was a boy yet who wasn’t a thief and
a liar. A good boy is a monstrosity, madam
a lusus nature, sure to come to the gallows
or some equally bad end, There’s some hope
of a bad boy: flog the vice out of him at
school, and it’s ten to one he’il turn out a
decent man when he grows up.”

So far you will say that there was not
much that was heroic about Joseph Stickler ;
and possibly, had you ‘‘ sat under him ” and
listened to his pulpit utterances, the sound
common sense of which was constantly
marred by his grotesque habit of stopping
in the full flood of his discourse to remonst-
rate, in the homeliest fashion imaginable,
with the drowsy or heedless members of his
congregation, you would have probably
found it still harder to see anything heroic
in our eccentric parson, But for all that he
was a hero, and this fact I am sure you will
admit readily enough before you reach the
end of my story. For, whatever Ouida and
“‘Guy Livingstone” may try to persuade
you to the contrary, a hero need not by any
means be a giant in height and a Hercules
in strength, with Norman brow and Grecian
nose ; indeed, I take it that there have been
far more heroes under five feet six inches
than over that standard, and far more snub-
noses among them than even Roman ones.
However, to come back to our muttons, you
shall hear why and how Joseph Stickler
came to be considered a hero. It was with
the younger male portion of the community
that he first established his claim to that
title, and the manner of it was remarkable,

I have already mentioned our parson’s
propensity to administer homely, but at the
same time fearfully impressive, rebukes to
those of his congregation whose conduc
seemed to him indecorous during divine
service, The most frequent recipients of
this verbal chastisement were the unhappy
Sunday-school children, whose horribly un
comfortable pens—I cannot call them seat
—were immediately facing the pulpit. But
the punishment of these unfortunates was
not confined to words. The Rev. Joseph
Stickler had a sturdy henchman who was as
vigorous a disciplinarian as his master, and
a scarcely less original and _ eccentric
character. Billy Marks—for such was the
somewhat undignified name of this repre-
sentative of Donjonville Bumbledom—filled

‘a rather nondescript ecclesiastical position :

before service he acted as verger, during
prayers he acted as clerk, when the sermou
commenced he vacated his desk and went
aloft to the gallery, where, armed with a
long cane, he stationed himself immediately
behind the school-children, Heaven hel)
the hapless boy or girl who dared to doze or
exhibit 'the ‘slightest symptoms of inatten-
tion during the preacher’s discourse! Softly
would the artful and lynx-eyed William
creep along the cocoa-nut matting until he
was within striking distance of h‘s prey, and
then the cane was cautiously raised, to des-
cend upon the head or shoulders of the luck-
less victim with a thwack that sounded all
over the building. And if the watchful
Billy, whose attention to his master’s homily
must have been of a rather divided sort, fail-
ed to detect a delinquent, the stern voic:
from the pulpit, which he knew too well,
would at once call his attention to the omis-
sion. It was on one of these occasions,
when Billy was guilty of a dereliction of
duty, that the first memorable exploit of our
hero in black was achieved. The cireum-
stances were these:

The offices of the ‘‘ garrison,’ four in
number, occupied a pew in the gallery not
far from the enfants terribles who were Billy
Marks’s special charge during sermon-time.
Iu was a warm day in summer, and, what
with the heat and the sonorous eloquence of
the preacher, there was a general disposi-
tion to drowsiness among the congregation
which nothing buta strong sense of duty and
the exercise of considerable self-control
could overcome, Even the vigilant custodia
of juvenile morals nodded at his post, and
forgot that there was an eagle eye upon him.
Suddenly the preacher paused, and, in a

LUMBERMAN.

voice that had more of sorrow than of anger
in it, called ‘Billy Marks!”

Up to his feet in an instant sprang Billy,
conscious of his own backsliding, touched
with remorse by the reproachful accents of
his master, burning to atone for his fault by
some extraordinary display of zeal. The
first object which met vhe zealous and re-
pentant William’s eyes, as, confused and
only half awake, he glared around him for a
victim, was the head of a very young ensign
who was peacefully slumbering in the cor-
ner of the officers’ pew. Without pausing
to think of the consequences, Billy brought
his cane down, thwack! right upon the
scone of the sleeping warrior. That gallant
youth sprang instantly upright at the touch
of this rude Ithuriel’s spear, and gazed
round him with a wild bewildered stare,
On all sides he saw grinning faces—zn audi-
ble titter ran through the schoolchildren—
sounds suggestive of suppressed cachinnation
came irom behind pocket-handkerchiefs
applied ostensibly to the normal use; the
cheeks of his fellow officers were undistin-
guishable in colour from their unifurms, and
their heads were bent in an attitude which
could seaicely be accepted as devotional.
A ghastly and horrible suspicion stole into
the mind of the young ensign that he was
the object of all this unseemly mirth, and
that he had somehow, though he had no’
the faintest ideathow, made himself sup-
remely ridiculous. Witi: erimson and per-
spiring countenance he sat as rigid as the
tinted Venus for the remainder of the ser-
mon, suffering all the agonies of a martyr at
Smithfield. Whether the Rev. Joseph
Stickler had -pereeived Billy Mark’s saistate
or not, no one could tell; he went on imper-
turbably with his sermon as if nothing had
happened ; but if he had thoroughly realized
all that had happened, and I am inclined to
suspect that he had, the control which he
exercised over his nerves was of itself heroic,
and worthy of an ancient Stoic or an Indian
brave. Be this as it may, however, the
sequel was a scene which none who witness-
ed it would ever forget.

The barracks were but a short distance
from the chapel, both being situated in the
imposing and spacious square which Donjon-
villites spoke of proudly as ‘‘ the parade,”
and whic was pronounced by a Donjonville
cabinet-maker, who had once visited Lon-
don, to be far superior to even the world-
famed Trafalgar-square. The officers had
marched the ‘‘ garrison” back to barracks,
and had retired to their own quarters, before
one half of the congregation had emerged
from St. Mary’s. In the privacy of their
own apartments they at once began to
“‘roast” their javenile and verdant comrade.
Tne senior captain, Spofforth, a portly
florid man, who belied his appearance by
being really ‘‘ the coolest hand going,” hav-
ing closed the door, addressed the young
ensign with great seriousness.

**You know, Sparkes,” he said, ‘‘ this is
not the first time the regiment has been
grossly insultei by the chaplain. This
abominable outrage is simply the culminat-
ing poiat ot a long series of delib:rate in
sults, But now the thing must be promptly
stopped. 1 must insist upon your demaud-
ing a public apology at once from Mr,
Stickler.”

‘“Ye-es,” stammered Soarks, who wa:
exceedingiy angry stull, and very red im th
face, but uirin’e quite see-/how bis senivr’s
injunctions were to be carried out.

**You will oblige me and vour'/brother
officers, Sparkes, by meeting Mr, Srickler as
he crosses the parade from the chapel to his
house, and immediately demandi: gan ample
apology on behalf of the regiment, which
has been outraged in your person.”

The recollection of that sounding thwack
from Billy Mark’s cane rashed into Ensign
Sparkes’s mind; his blood tingled at the
thought of that monstrous indignity, and he
answered firmly,

“You may trust me, Cr:teia Spofforth.
The dignity of the regim nt -h 1 not suffer
in my hands. I wil! go at once ani cou
front Mr. Stickle’, and extract an apology
from him on the spt.”’

B:g with self-importance as the accredited
champion of the regiment, Ensign Sparkes
clapped on his shako fiercely, and strode
out into the square to exact ; rompt repara-
tion from the imsulter.

Meanwhiie, unconscious of all these
machinations, the Rev. Joseph Stickler

uietly disrobed himself in the vestry, and
then proceeded to cross the parade to hi.
house. Just as he was opposite the barracs-
gates and in front of the barrack-windows,
he became: aware of a tall figure, in scarlet,
approaching him with rapid steps. In
another instant the Rev. Joseph found him-
self confronted by the insulted subaltern,

who, with ing eyes and flaming cheeks,
addressed him thus :

“Sir, I have been most pg 2 ee
and merge A oe. whole
regiment, sir, n affronted in m -
: I demand an ge? =s

‘© A what!” exclaimed the chaplain, fall-
ing back, and surveying his interrogator
with a look of supreme amazement.

“ An apology, sir; an ample apology !” re-
peated young Sparks hotly.

‘““Young man,” said the Rev. Joseph
Stickler severely, *‘I don’t know what this
buffoonery means. If it were not so early
in the day I should say that you were drunk,
sir.

“What, sir!” exclaimed the enraged en-
sign; ‘* you refuse to apologise—you dare to
add to the insult by insinuating that I am
not sober! Let me tell you, sir,” assumi
an air of bellicosity that might have aw:
even a bubbly-jock, ‘‘ that if it were not for
your cloth, sir, I would give you the d—dest
thrashing you ever had in your life !”

The “ce of the Sy the ag ot
grew black as thunder; lightning blaze
from his eye; his whole body besved with
the volcano of indignation that raged within
bim. For an instant he seemed i
but only for an instant; then, with an
agility quite extmordinary in a man of his
obesity, he divested himself of his coat,
planted his feet firmly and defiantly, and
said, with prim irony.

**O, don’t let my cloth for a moment in-
terfere with your desire to inflict co:
chastisement. Proceed, sir; you are quite
at liberty to thrash me, sir—if you can.”

A peat of laughter bursts like a volley of
musketry from the vicinity of the barracks.
Sparkes glanced hurriedly around ; there was
the whole ‘‘ garrison” crowded atthe barrack-

in the windows of the officers’ quarters, was

Sparkes that he was both making a fool of
himself, and being made a fool of. Sharply
turning on his heel with a smothered ana-
thoma, which, like the parish-clerk’s sweep-
ing curse, seemed to include “all

that on earth do dwell,” Ensign leatoes
hurried back, a piteous apeptarln of
shame, rage, a ae — bil tae
Rev. Joseph Stickler, as he struggled

into his ae was distinctly heard to ej :-
alee, Pee

‘«Preposterous young pu te of
thrashing me, indeed re Pe

And so, amid the ill-suppressed applause
of the lookers-on, the parson strode, fumiug
and furious, to his house. :

From that moment the Rey. Joseph Sti, k-
ler was a hero in the eyes of the “‘ varrisou °
and the youth of Donjonville. — and
respectable middle-aged society shook 1ts
wt and declared that the chaplain had
hebaved in a most undignified manner, and
had quits forgotten what was due to his
cloth. I suppose these douce people were
rigut, and that it would have exhausted
even the resources of Turveydr pian deport-
ment to have carried off such a scene with
diznity. But that was the only time that
Joseph Stickler was ever known to allow
his eccentricity to imperil his dignity ; asa
rule, the latter was invariably the accom-
paniment ani correction of the former.

Middle-aged propriety, then, might be
excused for failing to see anything heroic
in conduct which had only won the irreverent
admiration of persous addicted to taniug a
sporting view ef evea the gravest matters,
but not the less among that class had the
Rev. Joseph Stickier established himself as
a hero. It was not long, however, betore
even the “unco guid” cf Donjonyille were
compelled to admic thas tieir respected and
esteemed, though ecc-ntric, waa
veritably and unmistakably a hero—of the
sort which a delighted aud sympathetic
Sovereign is proud to decorate with the Vic-
toria Cross or the Albert Medal. And this
was the startling incident which suddenly
revealed to Jonjonville the fact that the
black coat and knee-breeches of Joseph
Stickler incased as brave a man as ever face-
ed a battery or charged a square in all the
vlory and glitter of scarlet and gold.

On Christmas sfternoon as the chaplain
was passing the barrack-gates, he noticed
that there was something unusual taking
lace in the courtyard. Tue soldiers were
gathered in excited groups, and there was
that indescribable air of tation at
them which is always noticable in a cro
when something tragic is astir, The Rev.
Joseph Stickler waiked in and inquired the
cause of the commotion, He was told that

one of the men, a wild fellow named Hen-
nessy, had gone mad with the libations which

\

\
t
“

?
q

E Gesperate chap,

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

he feaatumkibel at the feastive season, had.| there’s murder in his eye !” cried half-a-doz- | had the ordering of the calendar Jom su

locked himself in the guard-room, armed him-
self with a loaded musket, and was threaten-
ing to shoot any one who approached him,

* Have you informed the officer on duty ?”
asked the chaplain. hs

“The officers, sir, are all away at a
dinner-party,”’ att

“« And where’s the sergeant of the guard ?”

** Here, sir.” /

‘‘Well, sergeant, why don’t you arrest
this man at once and put him in irons?”

The sergeant leoked sheepish as he re-
plied, ; Le ach } i
“Why, you see, sir, it’s not as it he was
only drunk, but he’s reg’lar rayin’ mad with
delirium tremens; he’s got every musket in
the rack loaded, and he’s that desperate he’d)

ick three or four of us off before we) could
hey hands upon him. I dursn’t chance it,
sir.” > ri u
The chaplain’s face grew dour and black ;
there was a ringing resolute tone of com-
mand in his voice as he said,

“Fetch me a blacksmith at once. Tom
Baynes is the best man; and tell him to
bring his forehammer with him.” +

A messenger was despatched for the black-
smith. In the interval the chaplain calmly
reconnoitred the guard-room, and the
soldiers stood looking at him, their voices
hushed into whispers, wondering what would
come next and what the parson was about
todo. They were not long Kept in suspense.
The messenger returned, bringing with him
Tom Baynes the blacksmith, a big, gaunt,
powerful man, black, with the grime of the
forge, girt with his leathern apron, his fore-

er on his shoulder. Touching his
forelock to the parson, Tom looked at him
in séme bewilderment. Motioning to the
guard-room doér, the chaplain. moved for-
wards, saying,

‘This way, Baynes.”

When the door was reached the voice of
the madman was heard within blaspheming
horribly, and yelling threats of vengeance
agaist every mother’s son of them. The
blacksmith paused, ‘and his face lengthened.
Here was a queer job; he didn’t half like it.
He seratéhed his head and began to reflect,
but ~his reflections were cut short by the
chaplain, —

‘Tom, L want you to break-in that door
a couple of blows will do it.”

Tom Baynes hésitated. Then you should
have seen our parson. Tom used to say
afterwards that he never saw a man ‘‘ grow
so big all on a sudden like.” Pointing to
the door with a gesture and a tone which
there was no disobeying, ‘the chaplain said

.
?

sternly, |

“«Baynes, smash-in that guard-room door
this instant; and you, sergeant, have you
picket ready to rush in and secure the man
at once.”

** Sergeant, do your daty ; arrest that man
at once !” : 4

The barrel of Hennessy’s: musket was
directed steadily at the sergeant’s head ;
the sergeant felt uncomfortable, his cheek
blanched, and he made a further strategic
movement to the rear. The madman gave
a fierce derisive yell that might have made
any man’s blood run cold to hear it.

“Now, you black-coated old devil-
dodger, out of the way there, and let me
have 4 clear shot at that sergeant! Out 0’
the way, I tell ye, or else Til blow your
head to pieces !”

“ Sergeant,” cried the chaplain, in a voice
of thunder, ‘‘ arrest that man at once !”

“Ha, ha!” roared Hennessy, ‘‘he knows
better. The first man that passes that door
T’'ll send to hell in quick time.”

And in extenuation of the sergeant’s back-
wardness it must be admitted that the
fellow looked as if he meant to keep his
word, He was a desperate, determined,
and ferocious man at any time; but now
that he was literally and uncontrollably mad
with drink, he was capable of any crime.

“‘Am I to. arrest this man myself, ser-
geaut?’ asked the chaplain, in a quiet firm
vaice, very different from the angry tone of
command he had used a moment before,

“ Arrest me, parson! I’d like to see ye
try it! If ye puta foot or a hand beyond
that doorway, I’ll shoot ye down like a dog!
If ye don’t clear out from where ye are be-
fore I count three, so help me, I’ll fire !”

The pareon paid no heed to the raving
maniac, but with ineffable disgust and scorn
and said to the sergeant,

“What! are you-afraid, man? Why,

then I a black coat must show you
red ns way, that’s all |”
Lag out o’ that |” yelled Henness.y “I

!”

give ye fair warning,
€ sane come back, He’s a

chap, he'll

fire; he’s mad, sir ;

en soldiersat once.
“ Two!” shouted Hennessy.

Without another word the chaplain
marched straight up to the madman, who
who covered him with his musket as he ad-
vanced, and swearing he would shoot the

arson dead, pressed the trigger with his
finger as he roared, ‘‘Three 1” Kvery one of
the petrified arid horror-stricken, spectators
expected to hear the report, and see the par-
son’s skull shattered. But the keen, reso-
lute, unflinching gray eyes of the brave man,
who slowly advanced upon him, fascinated
the furious lunatic ; there was an aspect of
command as well as of dauntless courage in
the face and bearing of our hero in black,
which must have rresistibly roused the
man’s instinct of discipline, and paralysed
his murderous aim, for he allowed the par-
son to walk right up till the muzzle of the
musket ‘was not a foot from his head.
Quietly grasping the weapon in one hand,

Joseph Stickler raised the barrel, above his |,

head, and that instant the deafening report
rang out, and the ball went crashing through
the ceiling. So have dropped the discharg-
ed musket and seized another from the row
that lay all cocked and loaded before him
need have been, for Hennessy, only the work
of a second, But the chaplain never took
his eye of the madman’s face, and the fellow
was fairly cowed by that calm steady look,
which seemed to pierce him throrgh and
through. Slowly the parson’s hnnd slipped
down the barrel till it rested with a firm
grasp upon the man’s wrist. Then, without
turning, he said coolly, with a ring of with-
ering, contempt in his tone,
“Here, sergeant, perhaps now you’ll not

be afraid to put;this man under arrest |”

The sergeat-summoned,a couple sf file to
assist him; but the madman, whose eyes
were still rivetted on the parson’s, made no
effort at resistance, allowing himself to be
seized and led away with a dazed lookon his
face, as ihough he had been gazing on some-
thing that had dazzled and blinded him.
Then, amid the ringing cheers of the sol-
diers,the Rey. Joseph Stickler walked quiet-
ly out of the barracks.

Betore next morning every man, woman
and child in Donjonville had heard of the
parson’s heroism. Before the next Sunday
the fame of it had’ spread all ronnd the
country-side, and curious folks came iu from
far and near on Sunday evening to stare at
the real live hero, who stood there in nn-
heroic gown and bands, and delivered his
homely homily 2s though wholly unconscious
of the admiring eyes that were fixed upon
him, I suppose no quality of head or heart
so entirely wins the admiration of English-
men as that of cool presence of mind under
danger. We like to think and pride our-
selves on the fact that it is preeminently a
characteristic of the Englishrace. But from
the way in which we worship and adore the
men who display it, a foreigner might be
justified in cherishing the suspicion that we
are conscious of its extreme rarity among
us, and value it acéordingly. I don’t think
that we Donjonville folks were one whit less’
plucky than our neighbours; but we must:
have been secretly conscious that under such
circumstances we should hardly have borne
ourselves so well as our parson, otherwise we
should not have elevated him as we
did with one consent, into the posi-
tion of a hero. We were too proud of
possessing a hero to be critical. His enemies
and his detractors, and even he was not
withont these inevitable accompaniments of
fame, said he was a glutton. It was a harsh
term to use of one whose exquisite taste in
gastronomy was to some of us one of the
pleasantest features of his characters, He
was a genial soul, was Joseph Stickler, when
he unbent over those ‘little suppers,”
which were veritable Noctes Ambrosiane to
those who were permitted to partake of
them ; for our hero was not only witty him-
self, but the cause of wit inothers. Happy
mortals those who were privileged to be
guests at these symposia! They could for-
get that they were in dreary Donjonville,
and imagine themselves transported to some
gastronomic Paradise, some culinary Elysium,
No man is a hero to his valet, if we are to
believe Madame Cornuel ; but, I take it, a
man may be a hero to his cook when that
functionary is but the executant of ideas
which emanate from the master-mind,
Joseph Stickler had an excellent cook, and
I am sure that in her eyes he was not one
whit less a hero than he was in ours. Nor
did the aureola of his heroism lose any of
its radiance when he sat at the head of his
own supper-table, keenly enjoying our en-
joyment of the dainty dishes which had cost
im more time and thought, perhaps, than
any but an epicure could excuse, Had he

that both Brillat Savarin and Abbe Dich a e
would speedily have been canonired as

serve the honour as much as some
figure on the saintly bead-roll, However,
it was impossible that the profunum vulgus,
which feeds, but knows not what it is to eat
intelligently, should sympathize with this
trait in the character of our hero in black.
Nor will I insist upon claiming for that trait
the right to be considered as on attribute of
heroism, or even in itself to be pronounced
heroic. But: in the case of Joseph Stickler
it had a posthumous reflectivu of the heroic
thrown upon it, which is my excuse for in-
troducing it here.

Our hero was smitten down with sick
ness; the weeks rolled on, and still we
missed his portly figure and familiar face,
which for five-and-thirty years had been as
constant to Donjonville as the dial of the old
Elizabethan clock, which from the castle-
syret looked down upon the parade. Then
at length came the sad news that we should
never again see, the ‘‘last of the Sticklers’
in the flesh, He was dying of atrophy, we
were told; he could retain no nourishing
food ; the daintiest dishes in the world were
but a mockery to him now, Humorist as
he was, he saw keenly the grim irony of
Fate ; and the last words he was heard to
utter were these, spoken impressively, as
he laid his wasted hand upon the arm of his
oldest and dearest friend,

‘“‘They’ll say it was a judgment, and
they’re right. Tell your friends, when I
am gone, that you knew a parson who died
of starvation because he had ‘ made a god of
his belly.’”

Such was the hard measure he meted out
to himself. But we judged him more
leniently. We all, high and low, remember-
ed only his virtues ; we felt that we had lost
a rare man in our héro in black, the like of
whom we should never see again.

A Great Many Snakes.

RETAINING THEIR REPUTATIONS FOR LIVELY
DOINGS TO THE CLOSE OF THE SEASON,

While workmen were opening a spring at
Ralph’s Station, Pa., they found fifty-one
snakes secreted therein, where they were
hid for the winter. The largest was four
feet long.

A colored man at Parson’s, Kansas, saved
his hfe by his quick motion of his gun, A
snake, 8 feet in length and 12 inches in
diameter, was about to attack him, whena
charge of shot silenced him.

Jacob Francisco, with some friends, un-
earthed fourteen copperhead . snakes near
Carrollton, Ky., and was bitten by one’ of
them, His body swelled to an enormous
size, and, although kept dosed with medi-
cines, he suffered much until his death.

Jacob Terwillinger, a farmer in the moun-
tains near Kingston, tells a rattlesnake yarn
that is exhilarating. While gathering apples
he fell into a bed of rattlesnakes. More
than one of the snakes attacked him before
he regained his feet, and one was fastened
in his clothing. His 12 year old son, who
was near, was oi little help, but Terwillinger
got a rough stick and attacked the snakes,
In iessthan an hour he killed eight rattle-
snakes, the largest measuring five feet, and
having seventeen rattles. He was bit twice,
but says whiskey saved him, and that it
isn’t bad for any kind of illness.

When Hans Wiger, a German butcher of
Harrison, Ark., awoke from his little nap
by the roadside, he was terrified to find a
rattlesnake of the diamond species coiled
about each leg, and both looking him hung
rily in the face. He dropped back and lay
as one dead, and went into a swoon. How
long he remained in that pre ‘icament is har
to tell, but sometime after dark both snake
uncoiled themselves, and, after crawlins
under his neck and around his head several
times, meved quietly away. Wiger made
tracks for the nearest house and fell fainc-
ing. After some trouble he was revived.
but it was found that during his lying still
blood had oozed from his eyes and mouth,
and his hair, which he said was before
raven black, had almost an iron-gray cast.

et ee

Tury have a new way of curing womens,
hysterics in India, They tie the patients
hands and feet together and then thrust cot-
ton wicks steeped in oil up their nostrils
and into her ears, A woman who has had
hysterical dumbness will recover her speech
n a very short time under this treatment,

|
saints ; and I am inclined to think they de- | is quite an artist.
who |

PERSONAL.
GENERAL GARFIELD’

One of his favorite draw-
ings is a train of cars, in which everything 1s

P
youngest son, Abe,

so faithfully represented that «ven an expert
would find no part omitted.

J He house of Rothschild has recently been
reorganized with a capital of $10,000,000.
The financial head of the house, and director
in its large operations, is Baron Alphonse

tothschild, who is also head of the house in
Paris. He is a man of indefatigable industry,
simple in habits, and proverbial ag a pedes-

trian, one of his chief pleasures being a walk
through the streets of Paris both before and
after dinner. Baton Alphonse and Gustave
and E. Rothschild each furnish a third of the
capital. The registration of the deed of par-
nership cost $12,400.

CoLonEt Forney, inthe last number of Prog-
ress, has this paragraph: ‘‘I have just heard
a good piece of news about my dear friend
Jay Cooke, the philosopher, who, while as a
marvellous leader as a banker, had to yield
temporarily to misfortune, and to postpone
the payment of his obligations. He is now
on his financial feet again, and will soon be
able to pay all his bebts. Considering that
he went down in the crash of 1873, this is
quick and honorable redemption.’’

*« Way are we brokers?’ may be answer-
ed by the fact that the business is so remun-
erative that last week Mr. Metcalf, a partner
of Mr. Ives, the president of the Stock Ex-
change, bought the seat of Mr. George Chap-
in for $20,500, and paid $1,000 admission
fee to the Exchange in addition. The value
of seats has of late appreciated more rapidly
even than the price of stocks, for it is only a
year or so since Mr. James Gordon Bennett
paid out $10,000 for a seat, which he present-
ed to his friend Mr. Lawrence R. Jerome. At
the rate paid by Mr. Metcalf, the 1100 seats
of the Exchange are worth about $22,000,000.
One of its advantages is that at the death of
a metber his family or estate is entitled to
$10, C00.

T= new hotel of Baron Rothschild in Par
is was formerly the property of the Marquis
of Pontalba, who had repaired the fortunes of
his family by marriage with a very rich creole
of New Orleans. A capricious passionate wo-
man, she led him a life which he patiently en-
dured until she one day, in a pet, sneered at
his poverty, and reminded him that the splen-
did mansion they occupied was hers. The
Marquis said little, but presently with his
children withdrew to a modest lodging, where
they lived in the simplest manner on his own
small means, in spite of the lady’s entreaties
for his. return, The hotel was brought, stone
by stone, from the Faubourg St Honore to its
present site. 1t is a beautiful edifice. All
the Rothschilds are invited to the house
warming.

THE Princess of Wales, having visited
Kensington Palace to advise on the fitting
up of the apartments allotted to Princess
Frederica of Hanover, was fascinated b
Greuze’s charming portrait of the Pompa-
dour, who is depicted in a flowered silk
dress, with lace fichu gathered up at the top
of the bodice by a bow of ribbon, striped
carmelite and white ; upon her head is care-
lessly thrown a fanchon of lace, loosely fas-
tened under the chin with a bow of the same
3tripedribbon. The whole toilet is as simple
as possible, and in the most elegant taste.
The Princess was immediately struck with
the ease and grace of the coiffure, which,
instead of depriving the countenance of all
shadow, as is the case with the mob cap
which has been the fashion so long, throws
a shade becoming to every complexion over
the face. The fanchon is consequently to
become the fashion,

P~ere

‘A Stalwart View of Art.

Scene—A room in a Highland mansion-
Associate of the Royal Academy, arrived to
paint portrait of a lady, encounters but-
ler.

A. R. A. to butler—‘‘ Perhaps you will
kindly give her ladyship my card, and ask
her what hour will suit for sitting?”

Butler—‘‘ Sittin’ ! Good gracious! Her
leddyship’}1 not set and watch you pentin’!”

A. R. A.—‘‘ My good man, I am going to
paint a portrait,”

Butler, pointing to a portrait—‘*‘ What !
Like these things on the wa’?”

A. R. A.—** Yes, just so.”

Butler—‘* Weel, weel, that bates a’! I’m
thinkin’ a big strong man like yon would be
far better pentin’ hooses.”

THE British Geographical society is pre-
paring for an Arctic expedition by way of
Franz Josef land,

QUEBEC TIMBER TRADE.

Theannnaltrade circular, by Messrs. J. Be !
Forsyth & Co,, has just been issued at Qur-
bec. It says: We have again the pleasu):
of laying before the Trade our annual r-
turns of Supply, Export and Stock winte:
ing at this Port with the usual comparativ:
Statements, prices current, arrivals, &c.,
&c., all of which have been most carefully
compiled, 4

Owing to the quantity of ice in the Gulf
of St. Lawrence this spring vessels were di -
tained in a most unusual manner, and few
made their appearance before the end o!
May, when they commenced to arrive very
freely ; and notwithstanding the large nun:-
ber in port at the same time, they were 25 4
rale loaded with dispatch, The arrivals of
steamships exceeds those of previous years,
and are more than double of what they were
five years ago, being 261 steamers 492,670
tons this year, against 215 steamers 827,647
tons in 1879; in 1875 we find them to be 117
steamers 171,649 tons, and 89 steamers 113
287 tons in 1870. While this large increas
in the carrying trade is done by steam, ther:
is no diminution in sailing ships, 895 vesse’:
706,346 tons being entered against 666 ve;
sels 492,670 tons last year. It will also |
observed that 634 sailing vessels 553,451
tons cleared at this Port (lumber laden) thi
season.

When we' penned our remarks just a ye::
ago, we were able to state thata decided im
provement had taken place in the Timb )
trade, and ‘‘ with increased consumption ai’!
prices tending upwards in the British mari.
ets, we may look forward hopefully to t .
future.” Happily, for all interested the ex-
pectations of the most sanguine have bee
fully realized; the manufacturers after con-
tending with three years of great depression
during which time they were often comp: |-
led to sell at less than the cost of produc
tion, have this year felt the benefit of priovs
which must have left very handsome ri -
turns, and were in many cases Bapregedeatl) |
high.

The trade of this port is in a sounder and
more-satisfactory state than it has been fir
years; the short supply of all woods this
season, as will be noticed by glancing at the
supply returns, as well as the full average
export, leaving us with exceedingly light
stocks, the greater portion of which are held
by the Shippers and which must suffice not
only for the spring shipments, but also for
part of the summer requirements.

Wuire Prne—fquare.—The market ope: -
ed last ‘spring with prices in'advance of wha
they had closed at the autumn previous,
considerable number of old rafts changi: _
hands ‘at satisfactory rates; but with the
arrival of fresh timber came a more decid «|
improvement, and high figures were demani-
ed and obtained during the remainder of t) «
season. ‘The maximum having been reach: ||
when some of the last transactions in choi e
wood took place. In examining the supp y
returns a discrepancy occurs which shou)’
be accounted for, the figures showing 4;244
285 feet measured, against 2,510,762 in 1879
yet we know the manufacture last wint
was little over 24 million feet. The fac’s |
are these, many rafts were laid up on the’ |
way to market in 1879, consequently wer:
measured this season, while some lots of |
square and waney wintered over in th
Coves unmeasured. The export is greatly |
in excess of that of either 1878 or 1879, anil
equal to the average of the past ten yearse!
while the stock wintering is one-half of what
it has usually been forthe last twenty-five
years.

In looking at the old circulars we canno!
find any returns showing such a small quan-
tity of white pine until we come to the year
1854 when square and waney in port measur-
ed 7,537,104 feet.

This stock on hand also contains about the
usual proportion of common and inferior
wood, suitable only for local requirements,
for which there has been a steady demand
all season, owing to harbour, railway and
other works at present in course of construc-
tion, which demand is likely to’inerease if !

| al: ost 600,000 feet, the export has been

| sale, itis a difficult wood to procure, and

other contemplated improvements are car-
ried out,

Concerning the manufacture this winter,
it is impossible to write with any great cer-
tainty about it. On the Ot'>wa the “cnt”
will, it is stated, not exceed nine million feet
of square and waney, even if it is all driven
out of the small streams; while on the St.
Lawrence and in Michigan, so much depends
on the quantity of snow and its duration,
that unless the hauling is favorable, a large
proportion is’ liable to remain in the woods,
In any oase, the supply is not likely to ex-
ceed the average, and it must be borne.in
mind that the whole of last year’s production
has come to market, and apart from the
small quantity wintering, we have to rely
solely upon the new supply (always liable to
be curtailed by a dry spring) for the ship-
ments, not only of next summer and autumn,
but also for the spring of 1882. We must
also remind those of our readers who are not
manufacturers, that the cost of producing
this winter will be greater than last, owing
to the enchanced rate of wages, &c.

Waney has been in good request all sea-
son, the old lots finding purchasers at high
rates. ‘The stock now wintering is exceed-
ingly light, barely sufficient for spring wants,
and is chiefly held by the Shipping Houses.
Lots to arrive early next season if not con-
tracted for, must meet with ready sale. The
great demand and high prices now paid for
saw logs in Michigan and the West, may in-
ter'ere materially with the production of
Wauey, and apart from the moderately small

uantity making on the Ottawa, it is esti-
mated that about 14 to 1? millions may
come from elsewhere.

Supply.

SGUATO jicigenc, Gonans wearin pap Ap Cea COR

1880 Waney. ac Critics ie eee spay D
SQUATC. 014 sccus sineeines: (haa DA aaa

18795 Waney.. 0 ore cerse cess, 1,599,635

Export. cay

, 6,197,318 Square.
11,552,560 1880 } 791,346 Waney,
5 300,440 1879 j 12,139,523 Square.

(- 2,217,888 Waney,

Rep Prne.—Choice and good wood has
been soarce and in request all season, the
supply of this quality being limited as Lum-
bermen find difficulty in procuring it. The
returns from the cullers’ office show a good
deal more than the manufacture of last
winter from the same causes as those refer-
red to in our rema:ks about white pine. The
shipment has been nearly double that of
1879, and the stock wintering which com-
prises a large quantity of old and inferior
wood is below uhe average of the past five
years, The manufacture this spring will be |
light, and cannot arrive in time for spring |
requirements

Supply. Export. Stock.
1880.... 1,056,167... 1,433,200... 1,372,572
1879.... 741,499.. 813,800... 1,669,395

OaK.—This wood has felt the advance in
prices as much as any and has been in
request in season, especially good parcels.
‘the production was moderate last winter,
and notwithstanding that considerable re-
mained behind at the rafting grounds from
the previous years the receipts amcunt only
to 1,790,230 feet. The export has run up to
2,316,840, leaving a stock on hand of 656,- |
026 with which to commence shipment next |
-eason, a little over one-half of the quantity
wintering Jast year and about one-third of
the average of the past ten. This is the
smallest stock we fiud recorded since 1863
when it was as low as 651,145 feet, and both
scarce and dear the following spring.

Supply. Export.
1880.... 1,790,236... 2,316,840... 656,026
1879.... 835,993.. 1,681,000... 1,149, 208

Kim.—The supply exceeds last year by

Stock,

very large and the stock wintering unusually |
light. Most of this has been ‘“‘rock” of
choice quality and has met with a ready

the cost of standing timber is very high,
The production for next season will be about
an, average one.

Supply. Export. Stock.
1880...... 937,283.. 1,041,800... 237,610
1879....... 386,461... 544,040.. 331,536

Asu.—The receipts show an improvement,
and the demand for fresh wood being active,
it has been in good request.all season. Many
old iots have been moved off, and the stock
wintering is unusually light.

Supply. Export. Stock,
1880...... 245,480... 293,5%0.. 136,319
1879... 17,161.... 172,480...» 265,840

Brrow.—This is about the only wood which
was too heavily produced last winter and

.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

which has been difficult of sale all season.
Owing to the very light stock in 1879, and
high prices then ruling, many were induced
to go into manufacturing this wood, but in
the face of a heavy stock wintering and
slight demand, operations will be greatly
curtailed this winter.

Supply. Export. ~ Stock.
1880...... 574,314.. 558,840.. 176,693
1879.... _121,095.. 196,480... 31,629

TAMARAC.—This wood enters go little into
consumption, that we must recommend our
friends to discontinue the manutacture of it
at present, Altho’ very valuable for ship-
building purposes, it has never been largely
exported, and with the decline in ship-
building its requirements cease. Should the
ship-building trade with France revive, and
which is much to be desired, this wood will
again come into request.

Supply. Export. Stock.
1880.... 30,889... Nil. 112,991
1879...... 6,691.. ~ 85,727

StAves.—-Both Standard and Puncheon
have been in good demand, and very scarce
during the latter part of the season. Our
stave trade has dwindlcd down from a once
large and prosperous business, which it was
some twenty years ago, and has passed to a
great extent into the hands of the Americans,
In 1863, 2,211 M, of Pipe, and 3,564 M. of
Puncheon, were shipped from this Port.
Prices are exceedingly high as will be seen
by referring to our prices current, the stock
wiatering the lightest on record.

Supply. Export. Stock

1880 PIPE 196.. 392.. 206.
Wy Ty AS 488... 921.. 271

1879 PypEes 14 180... 660... 405
WY Tt ay 169.. 843... 770

Drats.— Pine.—The supply and export
show a wonderful increase in this branch of
the Lumber trade, and when we take into
consideration the fact that Deals shipped
from the District of Montreal are not in-
cluded in these returns, we have to admit
that this braneh of the lumber business is
considerably on the increase. It is estimated
that only about 45,000 to 50,000 Deals, in-
cluded in our supply came from Michigan,
the remainder being of Canadian manufac-
ture. Deals have been in, good demand all
season, the heavy shipments in June and
July causing them to be at one time very
searce. Prices have been good, and the
large sales made to London firms some
weeks ago stiffened the market, notwith-
standing the rather unfavourable accounts
from Great Britain. We do not believe the
supply next year can much exceed that of
1880, while the cost of procuring logs will
be greater, especially in the Province of
Quebec, owing to the higher Government
dues to he exacted.

The stock wintering in this market is un-
usually light, and has not been as low since
1872.

Supply. Export. Stock.
1880.... 5,320,000... 5,823,263. . 1,626,158
1879..... 3,007,573... 4,202,219. , 2,223,406

SprucE.—Have also been in good demand
and shipped in large quantities. The dry
spring and summer keeping. back the logs,
and causing exceptionally high prices to
paid. The stock wintering is light.

Supply. Export. Stock.
1880...... 3,500,000. . 3,200,130... 515,110
1879..,.. 2,474,865.. 2,852,500... 682 634

FREIGHTsSjopened at 26s. Timber and 67s.
6d. Deals to,Liverpool, 67s, 6d. Deals, and
27s. Timber to banctedy 25s. Timber and
65s. Deals to Clyde, closing at 303. Timber,
75s. Deals to Liverpool, 70s. Deals to Lon-
don, and 28s. Timber and 72s, 6d. Deals to
Clyde,

LIST OF ‘‘COVES’’ AND OWNERS,

The following isa list of the various
*“Coves” where the stock on hand men-
tioned above is wintered. The names of the
owners are also given, viz :—

Jacques Cartier Mills—E. L. Sewell.

Alexandria—J. Bell Forsyth & Co.

Cap Rouge—P. & W. Comy.

Dalhousie—Forsyth & Dalkin.

Victoria—M. Rockett.

Ring’s End—E. H. Jackson,

New London—O'Connell & Co.

Union—M, Stevenson & Co.

Sillery—R. R. Dobell & Co,

Do Safety & Bridgewater.
Do Sharples, Bros, & Co.
Do James Bowen.

Pointe a Pizeau—R, R. Dobell & Co.
St. Michael’s—Cook Bros, & Co,
Woodfield Harbour—S, Connolly,
Spencer—Knight Bros, & Co.
Wolfe’s—John Roche,

= — ——————

Cape and L’Ance des Meres—George Rob- a
inson. (1h MCOT-) Le t Af SER Le seee
J. A, Clint’sy’ )' dagen | york as dito Vee
Stadacona—J. & W. D. Brown. >
St. Charles—John Home.* ==
_ New Waterford—A. F. A) Knight & Oo. —
Montmorency Mills—G: B. Hall & Uo.
St. Nicholas Mills—W. G, Ross & Sin.
Chaudiere Basin—J. Breakey.
North Liverpool—Ritchie Bros: ae
Do Benson Bros. = f° |!
Do Hamilton Bros.
Etchemin—H. Atkinson & Co. : t
Hadlow West—G. B, Symes Young. | 4
Mill Cove—S. J. Bennett, OF {Grr
Hadlow—Price Bros. &. Co. = 5
St. Lawrence—W. Dock & W. Co.
Windsor—G. B. Symes Young, = =
South Quebec—Waréhouse Co. ©
Indian Cove—A. Gilmour & G6.
Do James Patton & Co.

J. MacLaren & Co,
Crooked Lake. ie

The Port Hope Gutde's correspondent, 4

writing from Crooked Lake ‘says :—** Since

my last, everything has being going on ee
usual ; trees falling before the woodman’s

axe and teams continuing to haul them to
the brink of the lake,” ©8) 7
LUMBERING. nities ott
With regard to lumbering, you will pl
allow me to say a few words to lumber
in general. There are two points in which

they make a great mistake ; first in settin,
wages equal, notwithstanding the differe

in men. Now, from former ex perience I
contend that they lose thereby. Place thr
choppers in a gang, two are excel lent o 0)
pers, the third an indifferent or worthle
one ; those two soon become weary ;

ber behind in order to fill their counts. )

should have a foreman competent to judge of.

a day’s work for a gang, let the timber he, _

what it will. Such foreman. oun bache

of experience, who has filled the of

chopper, sawyer, skidder, loader J _team c.4
a if

ster. From such

connt is aver at night ner day j
ing over the nd, d juc whether é
Pat was ae not. Men be

according to their work. I have seen bo
methods tried, and must say 7 J Tov"
the best for the lumberer. — one can
= to the contrary, I am Ein” to hear

ms - Aus yie °

sZt

a lbes
Chicago lumber traffic shows i ;
over 1 oem — eS ct
considering the gene i u
in the North-West and the sep Renee.
tion. The receipts are nearly all by water,
so that they are now pearly ete for the.
year. There have been 1,518,863 t nd,
fvet, against 1,408,739 last year, an iper
of 109,624 thousand, or 73 per,
receipts in 1879 showed a large iner
er several previous pres however,
e ever

year’s receipts. are ere ;
ioomas

The shipments down to d mb
were reported at 752,054 this year,
against 691,767—an increase of 8.7 per cent.
The shipments are nearly all ri Cay and
these will continue till the end he year,
though not at a very rapid rate, as the lum-
ber cannot very weil be: this season. At
Albany, the great irre I saa ada of the
East, the receipts for season are report-
ed at pe paar: es 5 e-for
of the 1 receipts. — 4
from the Sagihaw lumber district’ :
mostly go south and east) were y
thousand, and 90,000 or 18 per cent more
than last year. One reason why the Chica-
o shipments have not grown more
o that an unusually large part of the immi ;
ation this year, and of demand for —
umber, has been in Western Minnesota and ul
Dakota, which get —— s
ber from Chicago, but - nearer sources
of supply at the mills above St. Pauland m=
Wisconsin east and north-east of St. Paul. —
ee oe er
Larcr TOMER OrerattONs,—The Hamil- aks
the township of Ancaster, has now thi
gs of men making timber, and intends
ing out 60,000 cubic feet this winter | a
t Quebee ‘tarket. oa aS ae

of

: 4

me

bu
ori
_ made through the season to get these logs
ou

a
#1

» early chartering from 65/ to 67/6, the sum-

‘about 5/ higher: than those of the

_ ous tributaries.

thu » Miramichi ‘Lumber Trade.
sori

‘the cost of driving at that time had reached
4 fully, two dollars per thousand superficial
i feet. i

April,’ but as. the Gulf was blocked: with
| before 21st May.
- and’by the 3rd of June 125 lumber-carryiny
rather beyond our wharfage capacity and
eaused ‘considerable inconvenience and :an-
‘noyance to shippers:
time last year was heavy, but the improve-

‘markets during the year stimulated ship-

_. A lower rate of freight prevailed during the

des dgvodi'’s Oor—aiy

J. B. Snowball, Esq. of Chatham, Mira- |,

michi, has issued his annual wood trade
circula gated, Chatham, Dec. Ist. 1880, ia
which hé says, the séason just closed, has
been an eXceptional one, The winter was
fine for lumbering operations, but having
less snow. than usual and light spring rains,
nearly a quarter of the season’s drive was
Stuck in the brooks. Great efforts were

out, but the greater portion of them were
only got to market about 1st November, and

' Qur -river was clear of ice on the 26th

drift ice, we had but one arrival from’ sea
On that day eight vessels
arrived ; on the following day 28 arrived,

vessels were im port. - This number was

The stock of sawn woods on hand at his!
ment in the European as well.as our own

ments: and the
bare, 5° 5) : >

The season of 1881 must commence with
an entirely new stock, the volume of which
‘will depend largely: on the character of the |
winter for lumbering operations.

‘yards here are now almost

cel

year than ship-owners at first/.expected, the

mer rates from 60/ to 62/6 and the fall again
advancing to 65/: These rates average
year
reviouss: |» f
The total stock, round and sawn, winter-
ed last:year on the Miramichi was 70,000, -
000:superficial feet. The stocks held over
this season are as follows: »
9,000,000 superficial feet of Merchantable
' ‘Spruce Deals. -
2,000, 000 FEEL as
/) - = | Pine Deals. os
5,000,000 Scantling 4ths and Ends. ©

16,000,000 ©

and 9,000,000 s. f. of saw logs, one half of

which are yet in the brooks or sorting
Doomsase ay ta se

The. shipments of the last four years were
as follows : : ;
1877—150 Million superficial feet. .
1878—106.‘* four Sia)
1879—114 ; ee 66 ce x

1880—155 ‘ j

The shippers from the Port of Miramichi

a

ar | :

ae ce

’ No. of ves- Tons. Deals, etc.,
a’)! ft.

8. 8.
J. B. Snowball 1.2.74...» 38.104 32,607,972
R.A & J.'St se 14-9 38,765 33,172,260
Guy, Bevan & Co......66 33,747 27,578,133
W.Muirhead ......... 31 15,675 13,843,910
D «J. Ritchie & Co..33 15,496 14,630,576
A Morrigon ..0i.3..+427 12,649 11,208,912
Geo, McLeod +221 10,635 9,596,894
Geo Burchill ...... -. 12 6,522 5,791,000
R. Hutchison......... Io «6,670 6,049,192
C. F. Todd iss. eeees.. 1 617 525,710
Totals.......~-..349, .. 178,871

155,004,559

. Po thisshould beadded 4,651,703 palings ;
211,500 laths; 20,500 tons{birch and 12,56
tous pine, & |

A well informed correspondent calculates
that 150 million superficial feet of saw logs
this winter on the Miramichi and its numer-

Mr. Snowball’s circular, gives shipments
from St. Sohn :—vessels 338 ; tonnage 259,-
944; deals, ‘&e. -s. f..215,485,000; Birch,
16 035 tons, and pine 244] tons.

The shipments from Dalhousie are given :—
vesrels, 43; tonnage, 21, 639; Deals, &c.,
15,262,845; palings, 39.305; birch, 3,661
tons ; pine, 910 tons; Spruce, 1,364 tons; |
birch plank, 191,892 s. f, enti |

From -Bathurst the shipments for 1880
were :—veaselr, 33 ; tonnage, 15,230 ; deals,
scantling, &c., 12,125,946 ; paliugs, 815,302 |
pieces ; pine, 80 tons,

From Richibucto (inclnding Buctouche
and Cocagne) :-—vessels 56; tonnage, 23,-
217; deals, &., 21,372,346; palings, 41,-
200 pieces ; birch, 355 tons,

From Caraquet :—27 vessels; tonnage,
12,199; deals &., 10,917,080.

From Sackville:—10 vessels; tonnage,
3,925; deals 4,037009, ». ft, and 53,500
Pieces palings. -—

©

4) (RET OANADA

St. John (N. B.) Lumber Exports.

The, St, John Globe says, on Dec. Ist. last
year we pointed out that as the result of the
stagnation in the lumber trade in Europe the
exports had fallen off 44,000,006 feet as
compared with the same period in 1878,—
that is the -first. eleven months of the year.
To day, we are able to show that in con-
sequence of the improved condition of the
wood trade, which showed itself early in the

| year, the shipments have largely increased

over the exports of the last few years, and
rumour credits the shippers, «specially those
who held over stocks, with having made a
great deal of money. The total shipments
so far this year amount to 205,831,000 feet,
compared with 142,694,000 feet in the first
eleven months 1$79, and 186,073,794 in the
eleven months of 1878.

Mr. Gibson, as usual, leads the list of the.

shippers, furnishing more than one-third of
the exports, The statement for 1880 is as

follows :—
Shippers. No, of (Tons, Deals,
Vessels. s. ft.
AGibsou ......-.-.. 94 86,303 75,355,000
Carvill, McKean & Co. 55 33,523 29,358,000
RA &J Stewart .... © 74 52,683 49,778,000
Guy, Bevan &Co..... 49 33,976 30,418,000
W M Mack .......... 20 21,955 14,648,000
S Schofield. ‘00.0 .0°- 13 7,308 6,163,000
McLachlin & ‘Wilson. 3 2,248 1,058,000
Sundry Soippers .... 18 9,711 8,053 000
“verry aa obama 326 249,702 205,831,000
For 1879 the figures are :

Shippers. No. of Tons. Deals.

Vessels. s. ft.
A Gibson fis. wide « 28 31,614 29,233,461
Caryvill, McKean &Co. 44 27,887 39,919,056
RA&J Stewart CY) 41,056 35,986,999
Guy, Bevan, &Co.... 27 16,298 14,931,419
Wm M McKay ....... 28 31,728 33,460,318
§ Schofield ........ 13 5,837 5,175,707
McLachlan & Wilson. 4 8,165 1,283,324
Sundry Shippers .... 4 9,080 7,703,900
Total). thw. 215 166,655 142,694,179
The exports of timber largely increased

this vear. In 1878 the birch sent forward
amounted to 8,354 tons, and the pine 2,021 ;
1879, 10,682 tons of birch and 2,616 tons of
pine were sent forward; this year birch
exports amounted to 16,035 tons and pine
2,441 tons.

At the present time, the wood market is
in a favourable state. The shipments for
the remainder of the year will be light. A
season of great activity is expected next

-year, and very extensive preparations are

being maie for it. An immense quantity of
lumber will be got out on the St.- John and
its tributaries, and in other parts of the
Province as well, and we can only hope the
operators and speculators will not overdo
the business,

+a +s. _

Montreal Lumber Shipping.

During the past season thirty-seven car-
goes of lumber, amounting to 19,784,855
feet, has been cleared through the Montreal
Custom House tv ports in the United King-
dom. The Montreal Export Lumber Co.
publish a statement of lumber shipped from
the St. Lawrence to the River Plate this
season, which shows a total of 10,286,184
feet, of which they were the principal
shippers.

PREVIOUS SHIPMENTS.

UBIO Epes). HA nals, ater ee tale 12,476,150 feet.
SOs. cya? flr late oyavtete 10,855,246 ‘*
EOP MOD. 21 Octet Lewmar 8,787,928 <*
1876. .. 3,437,000 *<
BBO acs sonnel. pelo ud Ha 10,123,000 <<
USGA, ih: Pa) wh ae HSE Fe 16,262,293 ‘*
1873. . .36,073.919 «*
LSI 2: AAI aes INS 5 5 oe 28 234,908 <‘*

.... 16,005,935
. 25,145,183 «*

~—+ ee

Correction, — In the description of
Messrs. Bronson and Weston’s mills at the
Chaudiere, the average amount cut anaually
shonld have read :—‘‘ About 200,000 logs,
producing between 35 and 40 million feet, of
timber, of whieh from 10 to 15 million feet
are always kept on hand.” The eagle eye
of the proof reader and the ‘‘bodkin” of the
intelligent compositor permitted: a number
of glaring typographical errors to appear in
last number ot the LuMBERMAN,

LUMBERMAN.

New Saw Guide.

The following illustration of G. W. RKode-
baugh’s patent ready adjusting, self oiling
saw guide, which has lately been introduced
amongst’ saw mill men will expliin its
proper form,

It has given excellent satisfaction where
used. The guide arms are hollow, and as
shown in the cus, are provided with two oii
chambers, into which the guide pins are
inserted, made of leather firmly fastened to
gether, 14 inches thick, (square), and are
perforated to enable a wick which is inserted
to feed the oil gradually. This is a positive
self-oiler by capillary attraction; cannot
waste a drop of oil, for there is nothing to
draw the oil out of the chamber when the
saw stops, or when the saw is oiled on the
pin friction-surface. Those guides are
strong and durably bui't from experience,
and warranted in every particular.

They can be readily adjusted when desir-
ed by the sawyer when the saw is in the log,
without endangering hand er limb, and will
stay where you leave them, :

These saw guides will be furnished to re-
sponsible mill owners on 10 or 15 days’ trial
free of charge, and if not satisfactory after
trial, can be returned free of charge. Manu-
factured by Kerr Brothers, Walkervill, Ont.
(see advt. )

°.

The Michigan Lumber Trade.

THE ENORMOUS CUT IN MANISTEE. — NEW
MILLS.

From the Manistee Independent, we learn
that the increase in the lumbering and mill-
ing industry in that important section of tho
Michigan lumbering district during the cur-
rent year has been somewhat enormous. The
new shingle-mills of Davis & Blacker, R. G.
Peters, John F. Brown & Co., and the addi-
tion to Mr, Canfield’s shingle-mill will cuta
total next year of 165,000,000 shingles,
which, added to this year’s cut of 435,000,-
000, will make a total of about 600,000,000,
as the shingle cut for Manistee. The new
saw-mills of John F, Brown & Co. and R. G.
Peters wil maxe a total season’s cut of néar-
ly 30,000,000 feet of lumber, which, added
to this season’s cut of 215,000,000 feet; will
make about 245,000,000 feet as the total cut
of lumber for next season,

Of the six or eight jarge new mills now in
course of erection at Mauistee,the Independ-
ent furnishes the following dimensions and
interesting details of the two largest :—

«The new mill of John F. Brown & Co.,
occupies one of the very finest sites imag-
inable. The main of the mill is 30x160 fect,
with a west wing for ashingle-mill of 30x-
50 feet and an east wing for boiler and en-
gine house, 40x52 feet. In the saw-mill
there will be one ciicular saw, and edger and
a bolting‘saw for blocks. The cariiages and
circular rigs will be of the latest improved
Alliance patterns. The cipacity will be
about 65,000 feet of lumber per day. The
shingle-mill will. have one doubie-block
Challoner and one hand-machine, which will
give it a capacity of 150,000 shingles per
day. The steam will be furnished by four
large boilers, and the power by a 22x28 en-
gine. Evorything about the mill wiil be of
the latest improved maciinery, and it will
be one of the most complete mills in the
city. The millis built from designs by Mr.
Jobn A, Jamieson, who gives his personal
supervision to the work. Mr, Jamieson is
one of the proprietors as well,

““R. G, Peters’ new mill is rapidly ap-
proaching completion. The main 1s 40x123
feet. with a west wing of 30x75 feet fur a
shinsle-mill, and an east wing of 42x50 feet
fur the engine and boiler house. ‘There will
be one ci:cular-sew, edger and trimmer, and
and a siding-machine in the saw-mill. The
capacity will be about 80,000 feet of lumber
per day. The shingle mil! wiil have three
double-block Challoner machines and a steal-
er, giving a capacity of 300,000 shingles per

Or

day. There will ‘also bea lath mill. This
mill is also built from designs furn‘shed by
Mr. Jamieson; and will be complete in
~ery appointment,”

Mr. Jamieson is an old Quebecer, being
1 native of the adjoining county of Quebec.

--— *+@s a—--—— — -

New Steam Blast.

The Steam Blast, illustrated by the sub‘
known as ‘* Killey’s
Patent Steam Apparatus,

joined engraving, is
and is a very ef-
ective aid to steam powerfor burning, hard
md soft coal screenings, bard coal, inferior
soal of every description, inferior and wet
wood, tan bark, pine and oak sawdust, in

| fact any kind of inferior fuel.

|
|

This apparatus is attached to the boiler,
and feeds the draft through the grating un-
derneath the furnace, The heat of the gases
of combustion is fully utilized, while the
smokeis completely consumed. No driving
machinery is required, and no attention is
needed except to regulate the quantity. of
steam, ef which very little is used. A say-
ing of 60 per cent of fuel is claimed, and
the fire bars last much longer than with the
ordinary draft. The apparatus is manufac-
tured by J. H. Killey & Co., Hamilton,
Ont., who will supply circulars &c., on ap-

plication.
Three sizes are manufactured, and either
can be attached to any boiler.

The Coming Stock of Logs.

The Mississippi Lumberman says of the
coming stock of logs :—‘‘ It is a low esti-
mate tosay that the prospective cut is 25
per cent Jarger than that of 1879-80. The
rivers cannot increase their output very
much, because the driving capacity of most
of the smaller streams have been taxed for
some years past, as well as the handling
capacity of the booms, but the chief increase
willbe from the railway mills, which are
multiplying wonderfully in the States of
Winconsin and Minnesota. We venture to
predict that there will be over 20C,000,000
feet more produced by the railway mills in
these States in 188] than during the past
year. The bulk of this will come down
from new mills,” ‘

“The Neighbour’s Bairn.”
(By Henry Irving, in “‘ the Green Room.”’)

When, a year ago, we produced at the
Lyceum, 4s a first piece, the old Scotch
drama of ‘‘ Cramond Brig,” the various mem-
bers of the company playing in the piece

had full choice of wherewithal to wash down

their ‘‘ heed and harrigles”—(of which, by-

the-way, over a hundred were consumed

during the run)—and the miller’s supper be-

came a nightly jollity, except, perhaps, to

the Scotch nobility and the king’s huntsmen,
who, with watery mouths and eager eyes,

crowded the wings, forbidden by the irony
of dramatic fate to enter upon the scene

until the supper had been cleared away.

This piece had reminded me of an incident

which came under my notice a good many
years ago. .In the off season of a large pro-
vincial theatre, in which I was a stock actor,

I took an engagement at a small town, then
known as one of the most thriving seaports
of the North. The salary was little; the

parts were long, and there was not much op-
portunity for gaining renown,

worst, the amount of debt to be accumulated

was minimised. The manager was not a bad
fellow, and haying been a good actor in his
time, was only too glad to be surrounded by

a class of actors whose services he could only
obtain by the opportunity afforded by the
bright summer—in those palmy days the
darkest and wintriest season to the airy
comedian or the thoroughly legitimate traged-
ian. Our opening bill consisted of ‘ Cra-
mond Brig,” ‘‘ Lord Darnley,” ‘‘ Wallace,
the hero of Scotland,” and ‘‘Gilderoy, the
Bonnie Boy,” in all of which I played, be-
sides contributing my share in the National
Anthem, which was right loyally and loudly
sung by the entire strength of the company.
After the rehearsal of ‘‘ Cramond Brig,” our
jolly manager said, ‘‘Now, boys, I shall
stand a real supper to-night ; no pasteboard
and parsley, but a real sheep’s head, and a
little drop of real Scotch.” A tumult of ap-
plause,

The manager was as good as his word, for
at night there was a real head well equipped
with turnips and carrots, and the ‘ drop of
real Scotch.” The ‘‘ neighbour’s bairn,” an

important character in the scene, came in|

and took her seat as usual beside the miller’s
chair. She was a pretty, sad-eyed, intelli-
gent child of some nine years old. In the
course of the meal, when Jack Howison was
freely passing the whisky, she leaned over
to him and said, ‘‘ Please, will you give me
a little?” He looked surprised. She was
so earnest in her request that I whispered to
her, ‘‘ To-morrow, perhaps, if you want it
very much, you shall have a thimbleful.”’

To-morrow night came, and, to my amuse-
ment, she produced from the pocket of her
little plaid frock a bright piece of brass, and
held it out to me.

I said, ‘‘ What’s this?”

“* A thimble, sir.”

“ But what am I to do with it?”

““You said that you would give me a
thimbleful of whisky if I wanted it, and Id
want it.”

This was said so naturally that the audi
ence laughed and applauded. I looked ovci
to the miller, and found him with the butt
end of his knife and fork on the table, and
his eyes wide open, gazlng at us in astonish-
ment. However, we were both experienced
enough to pass off this unrehearsed effect as
a part of the piece. I filled the thimble,
and the child took it back carefully to he
little ‘‘creepy ” stool beside the miller. 1]
watched her, and presently saw her turn her
back to the audience and pour it into a littl
halfpenny tin snuff-box. She ‘covered the
box with a bit of paper, and screwed on thc
lid, thus mrking the box pretty water-tight,
and put it into her pocket,

When the curtain fell, our manager camc
forward and patted the child’s head. ‘Why.
my little girl,” said he, ‘‘you are qnite :
genius. Your yag is the best thing in th

iece. We must have it in every night,
ut, my child, you mustn’t drink the whis-
ky ! No, no! that would never do.”

“Oh, sir, indeed I won’t ; I give you my
word I won’t!” she said, quite earnestly,
and ran to her dressing-room,

**Cramond Brig” had an unprecedented
run of six nights, and the little lady always
got her thimbleful of whisky, and her round
of applause. And each time I noticed that
she corked up the lormer sately in the snuff-
box. J was curious as to what she could
possibly want with the spirit, and who she
was, and where she came from, I asked her,
but she seemed so unwilling to tell, and
turned so red, that I did not press her; but
I found out that it was the old story—no
mother, and a drunken father,

However, it
was better than remaining idle, as, at the

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Still, it was strange ; what could she want
with the whisky—a child like her? It could
not be for the drunken father. I was com-
pletely at fanlt. I took a fancy to the little
thing, and wished to fathom her secret, for
a secret I felt sure there was. After the

erformance, I saw my little lady come out.

oor little child! there was vo mother or
brother to see her to her home. She hurried
up the street, and turning into the poorest
quarter of the town, entered the commoi
stair of a tumble-down old house, I follow-
ed, feeling my way as best I could. She went
up and up, till im the very top flat she en-
tered a little room, A handful of fire glim-
mering in the grate revealed a sickly boy,
some two years her junior, who crawled to-
wards her from where he was lying before
the fire.

‘Cissy, I’m glad you’re home,” he said.
“T thought you’d never come.”

She put her arms round him, laid the poo
little head on her thin shoulder, and tool
him over to the fire again, trying to comfort
him as she went,

«Ig the pain very bad to-night, Willie?”

“Yes,” A sadder ‘‘ yes” I never heard

‘Willie, I wish I could bear the pain for

ou.”

‘*Tt’s cruel of father to send me out in the
wet; he knows how bad I am,”

“‘Hush! Willie, hush! he might hear
you,”

‘*T don’t care! I don’t care! I wish he
would kill me at once,”

The reckless abandon of the child’s despair
was dreadful,

“‘ Hush | hush! he is our father, and we
must’nt say such things!” This through her
fast-falling tears. Then she said, “ Let nv
try and make the pain better.”

The boy took off his shirt,

The girl leaned over and put her arm
round him, and kissed the shoulder; sh
then put her hand into her pecket and took
out the snuft-box,

“Oh, Willie, I wish we had more, so tl-.:
it might cure the pain,”

Having lighted a dip candle, she rubb d
the child’s rheumatic shoulder with the fe.
drops of spirit, and then covered up the Jit-
tle thin body, and, sitting before the fire,
took the boy’s head on her knee, and beg n
to sing him to sleep,

I took another look into the room, throuy
the half-open door; my foot creaked ; the
frightened eyes met mine. J put my fing-1
on my lips and crept away.

But, as I began to descend the stair, I me
a drunken man ascending—slipping en
stumbling as he came, e slipped aiid
stumbled by me, and entered the room, I
followed to the landing unnoticed, and steod
in the dark shadow of the half-open door

A hoarse, brutal voice growled, ‘* What
are you doing there ?—get up | ”

“I can’t, father ; Willie’s head is on my
knees.” °

“Get up!”

She gently laid the boy’s head on tle
floor, pillowed it in her little shawl, and
stood up.

‘* Father, Willie is very sick! you ought
to try and get him cured.”

“Shut up. If I hear another word, I’
make you and him too keep yourselves quiet.”
And the brute flung himself on his bed,
tuuttering to himself in his drunken semi-
oblivion, ‘‘Cure him, indeed! Not if I know
it. That’s not the way to get the money ;
his cough is worth a lot alone. Cure him,
indeed ! Not likely!”

The black-hearted scoundrel !

The girl bowed her head lower and lower.

I could not bear it. “I entered the room.
The brute was on the bed already in his be-
sotted sleep. The child stole up to me, and
in a half-frightened whisper said, *‘ Ob, sir,
oughtn’t people to keep secrets if they know
shem? I think they ought, if they are
»ther people’s,” This with the dignity of a
queen, .

I could not gainsay her; so I said, as
sravely as I could, to the little woman,
“The secret shall be kept, but you must
sk me if you want anything.” She bent
ver, suddenly kissed my hand, and I went
own the stair,

The next night she was shy in coming for
he whisky, and I took care that she had
jeod measure,

The last night of our long run of six nights
3e looked more happy than I had ever seen
her, When she came for the whisky she
held out the thimble, and whispered to me,
with her poor, pale lips trembling, ‘* You
eed only pretend to-nlght.”

** Why ?” I whispered.

‘Because he doesn’t want it now. He’s

lead |”
> —- +--+ >.
Some of the most timid girls are not
frightened by a loud bang.

ness, But his health was shattered and

Died Li / Gentlemi
ied Like a Gentleman. feared consumption ; and, although he had

—_——

A KENTUCKY [LAWYER'S IDEA GF SELF-MUR- eens ba} oa ry rere

DER WITH PROPRIETY, AND HOW HE
REALIZED IT,

How to Act in Case of Fire.
American Builder.) j
Better than all the saeee Pe costl
apparatus for extinguishing are co
stant care and watchfulness, and quick
intelligent action on the part of pe.
first discover a fire in progr fire
which at its beginning could be smotherec
with a pocket-handkerchief, or dashed ou’
with a bucket of water, neglected a f
hours, lays in waste millions of dollar
worth of property. If there is any time i
which a person should be cool
perfect command of hinaself, it is when b
disce ron a me iru
tion of life property. € :
to do is to learn precisely where it is; t

Hayden H. Shouse recently said, while
talking with a friend about a man who had
blown his brains out, ‘‘It was a dirty thing
todo. Nobody has a right to make a mess
of himself in that manner, There are 600
different ways of committing suicide in a
gentlemanly way. Shooting and cutting are
disgusting, and no man of sensibility and
taste wonld disfigure hmself. Opium offers
the best means of suicide, and if ever I con-
clude to go, I’ll take it. A man can go to
_slick like a gentleman and wake up at his
destination, There is no blood, no horror.”
Mr. Shouse was noted for being singularly
handsome. His face, when he was younger,
had been described as Raphael-like, and a
maturity of heavy eating and drinking had

second, to ee chances of extii
ishing it, jcourse, in cities, an
aeraaick once be sent out, but at the sam
time a vigorous efiort should be made to pu’
out the fire with the means at hand ; fo
sometimes what the fire engine is unable t
accomplish when tres
done by one or two persons act promp
ly before the flames have had time to g
headway.
First, then /doset SS ee ccount
of smoke. uently there is a great deal
of smoke before ¢ the fire has made mueh pro
gress, Remember that one can pass through
smoke by keeping his head near the floor, or
by enveloping it in a wet woollen cloth. On
entering a room to fight down a fire sinleg
handed, keep the door behind, if
possible. A pail of water and a tin
in the hand of a resolute person,

If the fire has too far to admi
of this course, and it is necessary to
entirely on outside help, then see to

not robbed him of his beauty. He was a
l.wyer residing at Henderson, but his repu-
tation and practice extended all over Ken-
tucky. He was a candidate for the Con-
4ressional nomination in the Second district
last fall.

Recently Mr. Shouse turned from a table
on which he was writing in a public room of
the Louisyille Hotel and read to a perfect
stranger in the room a letter that he had
written, It was a request that the person
‘o whom it was addressed would receive his
body and bury it, and it enjoined a quick
transportation, so that the remains might
not suffer injury on the way. The lawyer’s
wanner was distraught, and the listener,
‘eéming him a lunatic, walked away, with-
out regarding the matter as of any import-
auce,

The matter was soon afterward related to
the hotel clerk, who knew that Mr. Shouse
‘ad been drinking heavily, and feared that
che letter had been written in earnest. He

depend
.

E

‘nda physician went to the lawyer’s room every door and window is By so
aud found him dying neatly in bed from doing, where there is a fire engine in the
opium. Everything possible was done to neighbourhood, it will often be possible to

ave his life, though he protested against the
rude*treatment, and he died.
Just after his death came this despatch
‘rom his father-in-law :
E?ransvIL1E, Ind., Dee. 1.
Phil, Judge, Louisvilte Hotel :
Hayden Shouse is a noble soul. If he is
oot dead, tell him to live for Vancie and
Mollie, A thousand friends will sustain
him, If he is dead, comply with his re-
quest, and send bill to me.
S. B. Vance.

*‘Vancie” is Mr. Shouse’s baby and
** Mollie” his widow.

Mr. Shouse made his mortuary prepara-
tions with a degree of tranquil forethought
which seems somewhat remarkable. Two
weeks ago he left his home at Henderson,
spent a night at Evansville, and came to
Louisville, He had been drinking, and con-
inued until he made himself sick, when he
had a doctor and got better. He gambled
r.cklessly for several days, and appears to
have lost about $3,000. The day before his
“eath he paid up insurance policies on his
iife to the amount of $8,000. Later he went
to an express office, put about $60 in money,
some private papers, and his watch in a
s uall box, directed it to his wife, paid the
charges and took a receipt, Then it seems
he went to his hotel and wrote and read
alcud the letter before alluded to, This
rowding of a personal matter upon the at-
tention of an utter stranger showed a lack
of gentlemanlike reserve so foreign to Mr,
Shouse’s character as to seem to his friends
evidence of insanity. When he had finished
the letter, it appears that he went to his
room, took a bath, put on fresh linen, and,
having fixed himself as nicely as he could for
the trip he had in prospect, he took the lan-
danum and got into bed.

It is said that he was delicate in appear-
ance, but of an iron will; that he was ad-
dicted at times to the intemperate use of | required to complete the 19th century. Th
liquor ; that he had a remarkable sense of year that is before us is certainly peculiar
humour, and could be sarcastic when he! a figurative sense. What else this
chose. ing year, that will soon be upon us,

comine tee Se ee ‘

Every person who stops at a hotel
take special pai before retiring to note
location of ° that in case
an alarm he can ; way ow

ci

® 6

though the halls are
Never leave a room when there is an
of fire without first securing a wet to
if possible, a wet sponge or 1 of woollen
cloth, through which to b If a
by the stairs is cut off, seek an ou
window Aes sta: ass 2 e
ALove a s coo! ve your
about you, hen a lady’s dress takes
let her fall on the floor at once and call
help, in the meantime reaching for some
or woollen cloth, with which to sm«
ere There is nothi

vice. It has been repeated in
avother hundreds of times ; but
repeating thousands of times.

alarm

d
egeid

q
B
F
aq

:

i
f

The Coming Year.

There are a number of curious things
regard to the and their relations
the year 1881, right
left to right it reads the
not happen again for a
just how long we

g

zB

:

fF
ie
getck
eestaded

i

ures of the year be divided by 9, the q
will contain a 9, and if multiplied

product will contain two 9’s.
o3 figures be added together,
is 9, and if the last
the sum is9 also. If
placed under the last
sum we ivalind —
addi ividi an

teen $s are produced, or one

z
E
=
a
Z
Z
i)

Se
©

5
—4

Es
cae

d
te
HE

H
g.

ee
PEE beE

rz
be

On the night he died one of his friends bring can be better told upom the morning
said: ‘‘If Shouse could see these people | of Jan, 1, 1882, when it» give place te

trying to resuscitate him, he would be the} its successor,
maddest man in the State.”

When he was first found in bed rahe
was brought to him, and he was ed to
take it, but he said, ‘No, 1 won’t; I didn’t | Arlington, Ga., went into their tent at
take poison for that purpose.”

No satisfactory reason is given for Mr. | or more snakes.
Shouse’s action, ae by eA — es oe any.
Smiles, was not found among his effects. Ih men >
is said that his gambling losses were no | a stout fence rail, and marched to a more
large enough to have caused fatal uneasi- | agreeable place for the balance of the term.

From.

The following description of the India
rubber tree, and of the manufacture of India
rubber was written by Col. A. R. Perria
Labra, an enterprising merchant of the Rio
Purua and also a member of the house of
députies of the province of Amazones, who
has published it in pamphlet form and was
condensed by a correspondent of the Boston
Jowrnal, from which paper we copy it :

The “‘ Seringneria” is a tall, perpendicu-
lar tree with little foliage, growing and
thriving on low land in a dense forest of
perpetual verdure. It attains a height of
from 20 to 40 metres and a diameter of about
one metre, but generally less. The leaf at
a distance looks like that of the ‘‘ Moniva ”
on account of its length, division and colour,
Tt falls during the month of September, the
summer season, but after 15 days the tree is
clothed with new foliage. The seed is very
similar to that of the ‘‘Mamona,” but is
smaller and contains oil of the same nature.
The sap of the tree is as white as, and of
about the consistency of, very rich milk or
very poor cream, and from this is prepared
(by and of the smoke of burning ‘‘dococo’
kdried palm nut an elastic substance well
‘“nown throughout Europe and America as
in India rubber,” but called here ‘‘ Borrac-
ha” (a leathern bottle) on account of the
form it takes as prepared for market.) An
infinity of uses and application for this ma-
teriakand the products of its manufacture
ives a rich and valuable return to the pro-
ducer, aud a constantly increasing demand
and to sustain these high prices ruling in the
principal markets ot Europe'and America as
well as at Para. Its extraction and prepara-
tion may be considered even to-day a new
industry, as well as an inexhaustible source
of wealth. The rivers Madeira, Juvua,
Xingua and Purus, as well as other affluents
of the Amazon, have been already explored

_and worked to advanfage. The Purus, to

the distance of 800 leagues, with its many
lakes and tributaries, products this tree
abundantly, and its forests have already
been explored for the distance of 900 miles,
Each labourer, man or woman, no matter
which, can collect daily from 11 to 13
pounds of fine rubber, worth 62 cents per
pound, and there are some who extract from
17 to 22 pounds. The average production is
about 100 pounds to each person, but there
are men who have made double that amount
during the season. The danger of destruc-
tion to this fountain of wealth exists in the
ignorance and recklessness of the workmen,
who ofien kill the tree by eareless and
neglectful tapping. Their employers take
no pains to preyent this, as they pay noth-
ing for the land or the trees.

At the beginning of the summer the la-
bourers commence to locate themselves

amet the seringas, Here on the Purus this

period is from the last of April until Janu-
ary, but the best time is from May until
September, when the tree sheds its leaves.
After the new foliage starts, the milk con-
tains much water, and the rubber, in rela-
tion to the quantity of milk, is diminished
two-thirds of its ordinary weight. In pre-
paration for, and to facilitate, the collection
of the milk the labourers make through the
woods a path called ‘‘ estrada,” or a street,
to the foot of each seringa tree, until the
reach 80 to 120 trees, clearing away all
bushes and other obstructions around each,
This is done with a large American knife,
but a bush scythe would be better. Having
co ted this work the laborer places at the
foot of each tree the little cups for collecting
the milk called ‘‘tigelinkas” distributing
usually from three to eight to each tree, ac-
cording to its size, until 500 to 700 “ tige-
linkas” have been disposed of. He then
makes six or more slashes in the bark with
a large knife so that the sap will flow.
Some waste several days in this preparation,
which being completed on the following
morning very early they commence the ex-
traction and collection of the milk. Be-
tween the hours of five and six the work-
man goes out on his path with a machiduha,
(a very large knife) a mass of damp and
plastic clay of the consistency of putty, and
a vessel or bucket in which to collect and
pg | the milk to the smoker. Passing
round the tree he makes with his knife ob-
lique and downward slashes from the cor-
ners of the horizontal ones made before, like
the letter V, to lead the sap into the cup,
which he fixes at the pegs gs junction with
a little of his wet clay, tinuing the same
operations with each tree on his path until
he reaches the last. He then immediately
and very quickly returns to the first, where,
with his bucket on his arm he proceeds to
empty into it the “ tigelinkas” which are

5 > 0

India Rubber and VWdaere it Comes | filled with milk, leaving them at the foot of

| handle, shaped like a paddle, over which he

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Sawdust as Bedding.

the tree or hanging to a neighbouring one,
until he has collected the milk from all the
trees, having done this he conveys it in
haste to the smoker, who converts it into
rubber and then empties his bucket into a
large zine or earthern basin,

In a large earthern pot without a bottom
is kindled with the nut of the palm tree a
fire, which makes a dense smoke that as-
cends through the neck of the pot, The
smoker has a wooden m with a long

turist writes: We have tried for two years

have ever tried. It makes a more comfort
the cow is kept clean with less labour than
when any other is used. The objection to
salt-marsh sods, dried, or to headlands and
dry muck is, that they soil the cow and
make it necessary to wash the bag before
milking. Straw, of all.corts, soon becomes
foul, and without more care than the aver-
age hired man is Jikely to bestow, soils the
cow’s bag also. Dry sawdust is clean, and
makes a soft, spongy bed, and is an excel-
lent absorbent. The hag is kept clean with
the aid cf a coarse brush without washing.
A charge of 15 bushels in a common box-
stall, or cow stable will last a month, if the
manure, dropped upon the surface is remoy-
ed daily. The porous nature of the material
admits of perfect drainage, and of rapid
evaporation of the liquid part of the manure.
The sawdust is not so perfect an absorbent
of ammonia as muck, but it is a much better
one than straw, that needs to be dried daily
in the sun and wind to keep it in comfortable
condition for the animals. In the vicinity
of saw and shingle mills, and of the ship
yards, the sawdust accumulates rapidly, and
it isa troublesome waste that mill owners
are glad to'get rid of, It can be had for the
carting. But even where it is sold at one or
two cents a bushel, a common price, it
makes a very cheap and substantial bedding.
The saturated sawdust makes an excellent
manure, and is so fine that it can be used
to advantage in drills, It is valuable to
loosen compact clay soils, and will help to
maintain moisture on thin sandy and gravel-
ly soils. There is a choice in the variety of
sawdust for manure, but not much for bed-
ding. The hardwoods make a much better
fertilizer than the resinous timber. To keep
a milch cow in clean, comfortable condition,
we have not found its equal.

pours with a gourd a quantity of milk and
then passes it over the smoke, which it ra-
pidly hardens, leaving on the mold a fila-
ment the thickness of a sheet of paper. He
continues to repeat this process until he has
used up all the miJk in the basin, which
takes about two hours, more or less, accord-
ing to the quantity. The next day he makes
a cut round the blade of the paddle by
which he withdraws it, putting the rubber
ta the sun to dry. When it is well smoked
it is of a dull yellow color, and when badly
smoked a dirty white. Nevertheless, in the
course of time both become black, Through
remaining too long in the smoke,or through
the negligence or want of activity in the
smoker, the milk coagulates before it is
thoroughly smoked, and this causes the dif-
ference in the quality in the rubber as clasi-
sified, ‘‘fina, entre fin, and sernamby.”
The ‘‘ fina” is made from the milk in per-
fect condition, the ‘‘ entre fina” when it is
saturated and begins to coagulate, and the
**sernamby” when the milk coagulates na-
turally, or there has fallen into it some ex-
traneous substances, such as water, bark
and pieces of rubber, or on account of the
ancleanness of the vessels in which it is
collected, All the milk that remains in the
cups after emptying, or that runs down the
sides of the trees, coagulates and makes
‘‘sernamby ” only two-thirds the value of

‘fina.” This work is repeated day after

ay, the gashes that are made in the trees
at the distance of one decimetre from the
ground are repeated one over the other, as
high as a man can reach, and the cups are
raised successively round the trees and each
change is called by the workmen, ‘‘ reacao.”
This is usually the work of one week. The
patus or estrados, will not last over three
months of steady working ; therefore it is
necessary for the rubber gatherer to prepare
two for the season. Some make four. Here
on the Purus, of which I have been specially
speaking, they always use two or more.

ea
A Horse’s Revenge.

} —_——
'

| Horses are not usually vindictive or re-
rengeful, but leave their wrongs to be re-
dreieeid by the Society for the Protection of
Animals. Occasionally, however, they take
upon themselves to punish those who ill-treat
them, as is shown by the following incident,
hich was witnessed lately in the streets of
aris: A carter driving a heavily-laden ve-
iicle through a narrow street contrived,
through his own awkwardness, to entangle
the animal’s legs in the shafts of the cart.
Instead of endeavouring to liberate his
Horse’ he commenecd striking it brutally on
the nose and head, and continued doing sodur-
ing during some minutes, notwithstanding
the indignant remonstrances of the lookers-
on. At first the poor beast bore patiently
these unmerited blows, but after a while,
addened by the pain it suffered it retaliat-
ed. by seizing the man’s right arm between
its teeth, lacerating the flesh aud breaking
the bone in three diferent places. The
spectators who interfered at this juncture
and tried to force the animal to let go its
hold were not touched by the horse, but
it resolutely refused for some time to relax
its grip upon the carter’s arm, and when at
length the man was removed to a little dis-
tance it endeavoured perseveringly to get at
him again. The injuries received were so
serious as to necessitate the immediate am-
putation of the lacerated limb, and the
patient lies at the hospital in a critical con-
dition. Wanton ill-usage of animals is, how-
ever, so cowardly an offense that one oan
hardly feel much sympathy for the sufferer.
+ +
GARIBALDI left his peaceful home, not-
withstanding his severe prostration, and
went to Milan, receiving an extraordinary | sleep, for many nights was given a bottle
ovation there, in order to gratify his wife, | labelled ‘‘sleeping drops,” but filled only
who was determined to have him appear | withwater. She complained that the med-
with her in the town where she was former- | itine was rather strong and braced her head,
ly a humble peasant woman. peg 2 nd after the dose was reduced slept com-
A woMAN accidently went to church | fortably every night for a month,
with two bonnets on her head—one stuck |) | Prince Rupotr ot Austria, after an old
inside the other—and the other women inj family custom, has sent flowers to the Prin-
the congregation almost died of envy They Ss Stephanie every morning since their
gs it was a new kind of bonnet, and | betrothal, no matter where she may have
oo sweet for anything, "| been staying or travelling,

A Profitable Traffic.

(From the London Te!egraph.)
An entirely new branch of industrial busi
ness in connection with the still thriving
trade inrelics of cannonized ecclesiastical no

the monks of Mount Athos, who annually
dispatch a large number of reverend travel-
lers in this particular class of commodity to
the Russian Government of Orenburg. A
lively znd chronic demand for relics appears
to obtain among the inhabitants of this pro-
vince, and the latest expedient for keeping

priestly purveyors does infinite credit t
their ingenuity.

few good solid bones of departed'saints, duly
authenticated by some exalted episcopal cr
monastic authority, they proceed to sawup
this stock into extremely thin slices. Eael.
slice is then framed and glazed, in the man
ner of a miniature portrait, and either ex-
hibited to the credulous peasantry for :
moderate fee, or parted with altogether ai
a heavy figure to some devout capitalis
whose means permit him to beeome the ab-
solute possesser of so precious an object.
About six weeks ago a party of these saga-
cious Sawbones set up a booth in the porti
co of Orsk Cathedral, and have since done
uncommonly well, according to the Cologne
Gazette, in framed fragments of wonder-
workiny tibia and femora, once doubtless,
used for locomotive purposes by saints and
martrys of indisputable merit, But the as-
tute relic-retailers, in view of the hardness
of the times just now in Russia, have sup-
plemented their special trade by large deal-
ings in blessed balsams, sanctified salves,
and miraculous mixtures, which are eagerly
bought up at top prices by infirm and sickly
believers, Jt is estimated that within th.
last six years the monks of Mount Ati:
have realized 2,000.000 roubles—about £300
000—clear profit, by their sales in Russia
alone.

| A LApy in the New Haven Hospital, who
ie been taking morphia in order to get

.

Having provided them |
selvas before starting on their rounds with a |

go
A correspondent of the American Agricu/-

dry sawdust in the cow’s stable, and on the |
whole like it better than any bedding we |

able bed, completely absorbs the urine, and |

6
‘

FACTS AND INCIDENTS.

Ir was calculated in England some time
ago that not one book in 1,840 goes through
a second edition, and not one in many thou-
sands a third,

Tne Government of Italy pays only $12,-
000,000 yearly for pensions, despite two or
thiee ware and revolutions and the penmion~-
iwg of civil officials.

Mus, Yoakam, of Coos River, Oregon,
carries on a farin with the help of one bired
map, and she and her daughter “last season
aid down sixteen hundred pounds of but-
ter.

Tue three Roman Catholic churches of To-
ronto have gone into the rieky business of
conducting savings banks, These are «mall
institutions, however, and are intended to en-
courage little hoards, The banks are open
only on Saturday evenings, and the total
amount:on deposit is about $15,000.

A GERMAN named Rubner has been mak-
iog some interesting experiments to deter-
mine what proportions of the several. imgre-
dients of various foods are absorbed in the
body. It was found that with earrote and
potatoes no less than 39 per cent, passed
through the body, leaving 61 per cent. to
be retained. It was preved that far more
of flesh is retained than of any other food.

THE public receipts of the Japanese em-
pire for the year ending June 30, 1880; were
ahout $55,000,000. ~The expenditure was
equal to the income. The public debt is
$250;000,000, but very nearly four-fifths of
it partakes ot the character of terminable
annuities. The interest and the debt aver-
age 6 per cent,, whereas the ordinary rates
of interest in Japan range from 4 per cent,
to 9 per cent., and the Chinese government
had to pay 8 per cent. on its last loan,

Sir E. J. Rexep, Naval Constructor,
writes that the Livadia, 335 by 163, at
her very first trials, and under some tem-
porary disadvantages, attained a. speed of
nearly sixteen knots an hour, On her way

| to Spain the weather showed signs of becom-

ing veiy. rough soon after they. left Brest,
but the Grand Duke Constantine, Lord
High Admiral of Russia, refused to put back
considering the opportunity an excellent one
for testing the vessel. ‘‘ We consequently

| steamed away into ‘the very teeth of the

| Bay of B le, which duall ew
tabilities has recently been developed by | amet | Oss phe cata

angrier, and the following morning blew at
its wildest. Her steadiness was most re-
markable. The confidence of the Duke, in
refusing to turn back, was justified, and
both Admiral Sir Houston Stewart, the
Cumptroller of the Navy, who was on board

| and myself are indebted to his Royal High-

| hess for a most instructive sea experience.”
up the necessary supply adopted by th: | a

The damage done to her was by wreckage.

Treland is still Ireland, and the sociai
storm still pipes higher and higher. In
spite of all that is said, those who live will
see that the union will not be repealed, and
that landlords will not be abolished. Peace
will be brought back, if force is necessary,
with the strong hand, and there will be very
thorough changes in the land laws, and
something like equity and reasonableness
brought to :hold sway in the relations »of
landlord and tenant. And whether or not
the House of Lords throw out such remedial
measures they are bound to pass, and the
more they) are opposed: the more thorough
and far-reaching they will eventually be
made. Aye, and the changes won’t be con-
fined to'Ireland. The land question booms
largely up in England and Scotland also,
and before all the play is played out there
will be changes effected. which will fill some
with horror, but a great many more with
gladness and gratitude, A man that lets out
the use of a certain raw material called land,
has a right to his rent and to the land back
again, but not to all the improvements the
tenant has made on it by his skill and
capital. These in. justice belong to the man
who put them there, and the way landlords
have for generations coolly, taken possession
of them, as if it were all right, is just as
disgusting as it is monstrous, In fact, the
relations between landlord and tenant even
in Canada, needa good deal of straightening
up, for they are generally of a very jug-
handled description—ali being in fayour of
the stronger party. What sense is there in
all that power of summarily seizing all that
may be on the premises for rent? Why
should the landlord have precedence over
every other creditor? Indeed a good many
other ‘‘ why’s”’ might be put in this connec-
tion not easily answered, except that the
landlords have had the greatest say m
making the law, and have generally taken
good care of themselves and. their class
interests.

8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN

MAND MILLERS’, MANUFACTURERS’, !
AND MINERS’ GAZETTE.

Lery, Chapman, Augers, Mathieu, Berube
and Rodrigue. Thes worké promise well,
3» do others, opened on the Du Loup river
by Mr. Humphreys, representing Hon. Mr.
Mordtor of the staff of His Excellency the
Governor General. On the river Harbottle,
Meesrs. Beemer and Richards have discoy-
eved a vein which justifies very high expec-
‘ations. On the Des Plantes, Mr. Macken-
zie has commenced the washing of the bed
f the river by hydraulic power, and the
sults obtained have been very satisfactory.
On the same river, very good results are
heing obtained by another company, at the
head of which are Messrs. Matthieu, G-n-
‘reau aud Berube.

It appears that all is not gold that glit-

OUR QUEBEC LETTER. The Lion’s Tongue. _

(Land and Water.)

The very peculiar formation of the lion’s
tongue did not escape the notice of our an-
atomist, but he does not say much about it.
I have now in my hand the dried tongue of
a lion; it is covered with int Seo
horny papillz, set very thickly u ts
surface. ‘I'he papille on the front portion
of the tongue are much larger than those in
the rear part of the tongue, but the smaller
ones are set much closer together than those
in front. Each papillz consists of a horny
spine, the point of which is curved and set
directly backward, reminding me much of
the spines on the tail of the thornback ray.
On applying this lion’s tounge to the ch
I tind that the roughness is so porger
with a little pressure a wound might v
be made in the skin. The use of this is to
scrape off the meat from the bones of the
animals, for the lion is not a great bone-
eater—he leaves the bones for the hyenas to
crack, these animals having teeth especially
constructed for the cracking of bones. This
peculiar roughness of the tongue is also pres-
ent, but in a less degree, in the common cat,
and it can be seen when the cat is lappiz
milk, bat still better if the tongue of a de-
funct specisen be taken out, put for a wi
in spirit:, and then pinned out tight on a
board. This rough tongue is of great im-
portance to the health of the liou.

Timber Limits for Sale. .

EVERAL MOST VALUABLE TIMBER
limits on North Shore of Lake Huron.
For particulars apply to
THOS. SHORTISS,
Imperial Bank Building, Toronto. .

&

THE STOCKS WINTERING IN QUEBELC—MESSRS,
FORSYTH’S ANNUAL TRADE CIRCULAR—
SPRUCE LOGS—MINING NEWS.

QuEBEC, December 24th.

The various lumbermen doing business
here have made up the annual returns of
timber actually wintering in their coves.
The details will be found in the annual trade
circular of Messrs. J. Bell Forsyth & Co.,
which has already been sent to the LumBER-

MAN. ‘The circular has just made its appear- : 6",

: ers, have already reporied seeming'y
ance, and as usual has been in large demand. very large finds of the precious m+tal on Mr.
Its statistics of the year’s business, and | \insworth’s lot, No. 13, Gilbert River,
comparat.ve statements must have been pre- | Beauce. It appears, however, that the coss
pared at a large expense of time aud labor, fe yonking in a b, upnerays heavy, and

3 - D y perhaps be due the institusion
and are very valuable. The estimates which | 5¢ a¢ ious at law for labor on the works dur-
it forms of next year’s business, and of the | ing the past summer,
probable cut of the present winter, agree SraDACONA,
precisely with the calculations contained in
some of my previous letters,

Great activity is reigning this season in
the shanties of Beauce, where very large
quantities of spruce logs are being taken out Sir—I have just, for the first time, hada
for next year’s cutting, ‘ook through a number of the LumpeBMan,

THE GOLD MINES OF BEAUCE ‘nd I must congratulate you on its appear-
ance, and in the manner, in general, in
which it is got up. The object it has in
view is a very good one, and there is not the
‘east doubt but those in whose interest it is
published will value it for the information
it contains. The want of such a journal has
long been felt by the lumber trade and those
connected with it, now since you have made
such a very creditable commencement, I
trust the enterprise will be liberally encour-
‘ged and your expectations fully realized,

I notice an article on the necessity oi pre-
orving shade trees—another on tree plant-
ing and tree culture—veference to shanty-
men’s wages, the markets, aud a general
view of the trade. One of the most impor-

ISSUED SEMI-MONTHLY AT TORONTO, ONT,

A. BEGG, - Proprietor and Editor.

TERMS IN ADVANCE (Post-paid):

Que Copy one year.............. dels sie sree. «luce $2 00
One Copy six months.............cceceeeee + 100

' ADVERTISING RATES
$1 50 per line per year; 85 cts. per line for six
months; 50 cis. per line for three months,

Small Advertisements 16 cts. per line firat insertion
5 cts. per line each subsequent insertion.

Business Cards, Forms of Agreement, Bill Heads,
ee promptly supplied to order, at the LuMBERMAN
ee,

Communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed to A. Buac, LUMBERMAN Office, 33
Adelaide Street West, Toronto
———————

TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER 31, 1880.
ee

Nrw YEAR—1881.—To the readers of the
LumBerMan, one and all, we wish a Happy
New Year, with many returns of the
season.

Tue Cernsus.—The Census for the Do-
minion is to be taken on the 4th of April.

PARLIAMENT, —The Dominion Parliament,
which adjourned over the Christmas holi-
days, will meet on the 4th of January,

PRESERVATION OF OUR FORESTS.

To THE Epiror oF THE LUMBERMAN,

Public attention having been directed
very much of late to the gold regions of the
Chaudiere valley, a hasty resume of what
has been done towards developing the re-
sources of the district may not be uninter-
esting. For many years past it has been
known that rich veins of gold existed on the
rivers Gilbert, Des Piantes, Du Loup, La
Famine and State Creek. Important works
were undertakon on most of these locatious
in 1864, 1865, 1866 and 1867. Amongst
others, Messrs. Bertraud, Poulin, Doug’ass,
McRae, Nash and Lockwood on the Gilbert,
aad Mr, Oley on the Du Loup, retired with
large profits. Mr. McRae, it is reported

DEFERRED Norus,—During the latter part
of this. month we have made several jour-
neys amongst our patrons, and have taken
copious notes, which will be extended for
next issue.

Tur SNow.—At Bracebridge the depth of
snow is about twenty inches. Towards Kos-
seau it increases to two feet. Nearer Parry
Sound the depth decreases to about 18

LAUDER & THORNTON MFC.CcoO.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Steambauges, Vacuum Gauges

ENGINBERS’ & PLUMBERS’ BRASS GOODS, &c_

98 Adelaide Street East, Toronto.
Steam Gauges correctly tested and repaired.

having realized $15,000 in six months. Since F : a 25in

5 : : » ; ant of the above is the giving of
inches. Around by McKellar, Spence, and the difficulties between the miners and the narket prices in the foes cient vat
ae yee paeee ty Pwo feet, but at Lalke | pe Lery Co, set in with reierence to mining that the trade in Canada can with Sonifideann — —— —
Nipissing there is only about one foot deep, rights, but little has been done on the juins 40° he Londen ie eee eS go Se
Vony hittile frost in the, swamps. Chaudiere. In 1876, however, a company authority = ; >

Muskoka anD Parry Sounp.—Logyging | of mine:s, the Mesars, St Ouge, made ami- ; fe yauettt ‘

f ; a) aed ’ How to preserve our forests, and h ( wit 's

operations and the getting out of square | able arrangements with the De Lery people P ee ae —— Z, +4

renew them is certainly a most important
subject for usin Canada. The renewing of
the forests is a question that should occupy
the attention of our local legislature at an
early day. I see that the Kansas State
k gislature has taken stcps in that direction.
An Act has been passed enacting that any

timber in the Muskoka and Parry Sound

Districts are progressing vigorously. The
| men are in excellent spirits. Few accidents
have occurred so far, this season. The epi-
zootic, which broke out among the horses at
the shanties, is decreasing, and teams are
‘| able to do their full work. Cutting is about

and with Mr, Lockwood, and commenced to
work the diggings on the River Gilbert.
The books of the company show that up to
this year they have taken out gold to the
value of $706,540, but that out of this large
amount they have obtained a net revenue of
$18,682 only. The profits realized would,

HOLIDAY NOTICE.
ae =
Buy your Diamonds, Watches,

| Jewelry, Sfiverware, and
for the Holidays at |

F. GRUMPTON'S,

83 King st. East, vi

~ on who is the head of i
‘i over in some of the camps. The cut of the} of course, have been very much larger, but .: Pe He : s saad ae » family or who Where you can cee a large as- F&
season will be given as fully as possible next | for the unscientitic method in which its|‘'\\" D8Ve @rtived at the age of 21 years, sortment of the newest designs to
an works have been conducted. The manage- | 21d is a citizen of the United States, or who panos tren. 0 aee at fot
ue, 5 3 i 3 . fresh and new, and will be soldat
ment of the industry has been excessively | si.all have filled his declaration of intention wy), prices that WiLL asToNISH You, a
f Important Drciston.—The case of Me-| extravagant, and the manner of the washing | to become such, who shall plant, protectand| % pp Be ‘sure and. see them before
ih

buying elsewhere, or send for our
new price list. ‘his is ** The oldest
Jewelry” in Toronto "
F. CRUMPTON, '
(Successor to F, W. Ross & Co.,) ]

83 King-st. E.,
=P O. Pox 806) LORONTO Hf

Laren vs. Caldwell came to a close at Perth
i} on the 15th inst., after occupying 11 days.
The question to be decided was whether the
Mississippi river and two of its tributaries,
viz., Buckshot Creek and Louise Oreek, were
floatable in a state of nature, and if not, whe-
ther the defendant had any right to float logs
or timber down the stream without the con-
_ sent of the plaintiff, who had gone to a vey
large expense in erecting dams and slides,
Judgement for Mr. McLaren, on the ground
that before the improvements were made the

stream was not floatable.
—<—- i —e

OTTAWA SQUARE TIMBER,

for gold very defective. Since the St,|kcep in a healthy, growing condition for
Ouge Company reopened the works on the eight years, forty acves of timber, the trees
Gilbert, several other individuals and com-| tiereon not being more thin twelve feet
panies have followed in the steps, amongst | »part each way on any quarcer section of
whom is an English company of capitulists, | ; ublic lands of the State, shall at the expir-
known as the Canada Gold Minin« Co., and | ation of eight years, be entitled to said
having at its head a gentleman of experience | lands, free from a‘l State charges, Ifa per-
in Mr. J. N. Gordon. I+ is impossible to} son makes a purchase of 40 acres and plants
ascertain exactly the results of this oom-| ten acres, he will be entitled to the number
pany’s operations, The President is not| of acres so planted—iree,

very ready to give information on this head, | Now, Mr. E litor, you will see the advisa-
butis very much interested in the effort now | bility of some such step being taken to start
being made at Ottawa, to have the M.ning| a system of keeping up our forests, when we
Act adopted at the last session of ths Que-| have so much waste land, that some day
bec Legislature, declared ultra vires, Mr. | should prove a mine of wealth to the coun-
Gordon’s pretension is that the lezislation in| try. In looking over the report of the pro-
question throws open to the public the] gress of the State of Mirnesota, I notice
rights which legally belong to his company, | that in 1878 the S:ate Logislature allowed
and which were purchased by them from the | for trees plante{ on the highways, $30,000 ;
De Lery Oo, to whom they were granted by | and I also find that in France alone in 1877,
patent from the Crown. The company em-/;no less than 37 million feet of lumber was
ploys about 100 men, and there are not} converted into toys. Under such immense
wanting those who allege that its average} consumption of timber in one country of
find of gold is 10 ounces daily. Tais may | the old world, how much greater the neces-
be an exaggerated estimate, but it emanates | sity for us to protect and renew our valuable
from a practical miner. The Dinsworth Co. | but rapid'y decreasing forests, 1 have ex-
of New York employs 60 men ani takes out} tended this article rather larger than I in-
an average of seven ounces per day. Mr.| tended, but if you cousider it of sufficient
Bread employs 30 men and takes out about | importance, in my next I will give you my
four ounees a day. Some distance to the] views on how to preserve our. forests from
right of where these companies operate, | fire, in the Free Grant Lands of Outario and
there is another stream called La Branche, | Quebec. Wishing you much success, [ re.
a tributary of the Gilbert, upon which new} main &c.,

works have been opened up, the prnbipe! A WaTOHMAN ON THE Tower.
parties interested in them being Messrs, De! Dec, 19th, 1880, =

The names of Messrs. G. & A. Grier, of
Kippewa, should have been inserted in the
list published on the 15th inst., of square
pine to be got out this winter on the Upper
Ottawa, for 120,000 feet ; also Capt. Young,
of Temiscamanque, for 150,000 feet. Mr,
Letour is likely to get out 600,000 feet,
which with other additions, oa account of
favourable weather, will bring up the whole
quantity of square timber on the Ottawa
and tributaries to at least 10,000,000 cubic
feet this season,

RoBest STEWART,

Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Luniber, Lath,

Doors, Sash, Mouldings, &c,, &c., GUELPH, ONT.
5-3m,

TIMBER WANTED

REY OAK, BLACK ASH AND PINE.
Standing timber wanted ; also Oak Hailroad
Ties. Address, with full particulars,

8. 8. MUTTON & CO.,

: int TORONTO.
P.S.—A 35H. P, Engiue and Boiler for sale, low,

CURED, AND Di
* FORMITIES Straigit

ical Treatment—CHALLEs
our Fee atented Spiral Truss. 16,000 in
use, the essence of Mechanical Science for
Oure of Rupture. Pad only one ounce, and
cannot get out of order. 8 inal Instruments,
new designe ; very light, free motion. Club
foot warranted to giire in ona year, new In-
WM stroment; no fail ‘See what paren's sa)
whose children were cured. No cutting : us
pain. send for Tllustrated Circwar (
CHAS. CLUTHE, Surgivai
‘anchiziat, 118 KING ST. WEST, TORONTO, ONTARIO

TELEPHONES,
=> $5 to $20 per pair

Wire 3} to 5c. per
rod. Sent by mail on
receipt of price.

First Prize at In-
dustrial Exhibition,
, Toronto,
1880. Works two
miles. Speaks loud
and clear. Simple. No battery or call, bell to get
Out of order. Uses the direct sound wave, and is
easily erected. No infringement on other patents,
No royalty or rent to pty. Jut the thing for
offices, and for business men to connect their resi-
deuce and store. FArRMeRS! put up «line to your
neighbour’s for winter evenings, AGENTS
WA NITED. Exclusive territory given to live me.

HOLT TELEPHONE CO.,

Toronto, Ont.

€ut Plug is the best pipe smoking tobacco ever
introduced into Canada. It is made from the best
selected fine old Bright Virginia Leaf. (The raw
leaf from which this tobacco ts made costs more
than any other tobacco manufactured in Canada
after it ts ready for the pipe.)

It is made absolutely pure and neatly packed in
handy tin-foil packages.

It is sold by all respectable dealers in all parts
of the Dominion,

Manufactured by

THE GLOBE TOBACCO CO., Winsor, Ont.

SAW GUIDE!

Self Oiling—Ready Adjusting.

\

PDEBAUGHS

Sa

eR

GW. Rodebaugh’s patent Saw Guide »ill recom-
mend iteclf to every practical gawer: All ihat is ret
quired is a trial.

No heatin: of Saws, No danger in setting. Trial

free of charge. The whole comp ele only $25.
Manufactured in Canada by 3 he

KERR BROS.. Walkerville, Ont.,

wao may be applied to for further particulara ; or
aidress

G. W. RODEBAUGH & CO.,
WINDSUK, ONT.

1879 and.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Monday, ihe twenty-fourth of January next, will
Poin last day for receiving Petitions for Private

illg.!

Monday, the thirty-first of January next, will
the last day for introducing Private Bills to the
House,

Friday, the eleventh of February next, will be the
last day for presenting Reports of Committees rela-
tive to Private Rills. a

CHARLES T, GILMOUR,
Olerk of the Logislative Assembly.

Toronto, December 6th, 1880,
GLASS BALL CASTO®

For FURNITURE, PIAN 5,
ORGANS, etc , the best and most
oftnament:)} Castors in the market,
They greatly improye the tone of
musica’ ing ruments

RHEUMATISM, NERVOUs-
NESS, SLEEPLESSNESS cured
by inswlating beds with them.

Sold by hardware dealers,

Agents wanted.

ADDRESS FOR CIRCULARS ;
Glass Ball Castor Oompany,
64, 66 & 63 REBECOA ST.,
EZXAMILTON, ONT.

SOME REASONS why they are the best: —

1st.—No Elastic requied.
gud-—Te slack when stooring, 4

rd—It never slips off t 1 Is e
4th.—Sold at prices of Gérnion nonpatidere
Manufactured by 0. E. RAMAGE « OC.

90 BAY STREET, TORONTO.

TO LUMBER MERCHANTS

WM. MONTEITH,

Produce & Commission Merchant

25 Church-street, Toronto,
Can supply Limbermen and other buye.s with
MESS PORK,
Cc. C. & L. C. BACON,

WHITE BEANS,

DRIED APPLES,

CHEESE,
&e., &e., &e.

at lowest markot prices.

QUEE® CITY OIL WORKS !

ALL KINDS OF
MACHINE

AND

BURNING OIL!

s@ Send for Samples.

Saml, Rogers & Co.,
33 ADELAIDE ST. EAST,
TORONTO.

OR. SALE, AT A GREAT BAR-

gain, 320 acres of excellent fayming land, heavily
timbered, and well watered by abranch of the Pigeon
River, in Cheboygan Co. Michigan, Apply to the
Editor of the CANADA LUMBERMAN 1-tf

ub
Hardwood Timber Land for Sale. |
JOR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWUUD |

timber lad new Nip ssing Railway, Coboconk.
Fasy terms, OSHA VA CABINET CO., Oshawa.

G. T. PENDRITH,

GENERAL |

MACHINIST.

59 Adelaide Street West,

TORONTO.

aas- Piano-stool s rews a specialty.

i
WY

ANIA

Electro Guraiive Appliances:

Relieve and cure Spinal Complaints, Gener.l and
Nervous D bility, Rheumatism, Gout, Nervous-
ness, Liver, Kidney, Lug, Throat and Chest
Complain's, Neuralgia, Bronchitis, In-
cipicnt Paralysis, Asthma, Sciatica,
sSprains, Consumption, Sleep-
lessness, Colds, Indigestion.

Ask for Norman’s Electric Belts an! you will be
safe against imposition, for they wil] do thi: work
well and are cheap at 2ny price.

A. NORMAN, 4 Queeu Street Bast, To onto.

N.B.—Trusses for Rup ure, bestin America, and
Electric Bitteries always on hand at reasonable
pric: s.

JOHN MGRECOR & SONS,

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF |
STATIONARY,
MARINE, and
LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS,
and SHEET IRON WORK

Portable Poilers for Threshing Machines, Shingle

All Boilers
to the

Mills, e e,, furnished on short notice.
tested by eold water pressure to 150 Ibs
square inch b. fure leaving the shop.

SECOND-HAND MACHINHRY
hought, sold, or tiken in excha:ge for
1e* wor .

REPAIRS PROVPTLY Ai TENDED TO

183 Atwater St., Jatroit. Michigan.
PRANCLE SHOP—-
Cor, Gittzariy Aye. & <tuari st.,
WINDSOX, ONTARIO.

|

GILLIES & BEYER

Carleton Place, -

WE BUILD

STEAM ENGINES

Of various siz-*, working excellently.
TURBINES AND COMMON WATER
WHEELS, GRIST AND SAW

MILL MACHINERY OF
ALL KINDS.

We have just furnished to the

bering and Manufacturing Co.., Keewatin, N ce
Leuperior Stock-gang.—binding rollers in two, and
operated by belt—gate with solid steel girtse. Also
the most perfec twin cireu ar slabbere yet made, to
which the attention of Lumber manufactarere is
specially invited. These with the machioes pre-
viously made for them. are regarded the best spe-
cimens of a wooden saw mail). Reference may be
made to the manager, JOHN MATHER, Eeq., until
Ist Feb. at Ottawa, af'orwards at Keewatin.

Shingle Machines,

ETC,, ETC

** Keowatin Lum
Tr
J

;
Custom Cardin Machines & Pic*ers,
Hard- Waste Pickers, etc.,
Rotiry Pumps, Presses,
Trip asd Drop Hammers for Forvinz,
Shafting, Gearing, Pullies, etc.,

For which w havea larce and first class stk of

NEW PATTERNS.
Our facilities: for doing good work are unsurpassed
in Canada, and we are confident of being able to fill

orders in any of the above branches satisfactorily.

Ail k nds of Castings and Forgings made to order.

REPAIRS

Of MACHINERY promptly attended to.

i= Plans and estimates will be furnished, if re-
quired for Mills, etc.

We have lately
premises the entire stock of PATTERNS formerly
owned by the **‘ Almonte Foundry,” and wil? there-
fore be ab’ein future to duplicate or repair any ma-
cLinery made off them.

We always keep on hand 2 smi] stock of Saws
Belting, Tubi»g, Br-ss Fittings, etc.. and can sup-
ply anything not on han? at short notice.

Carleton Pl.ce, Dec , 1880.

KERR BROS.

PRACTICAL

FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS,

AND MILLWRIGHTS.
Manufacturers of

MARINE HORIZONTAL AND
PORTABLE ENGINES,
BO LERS.
GRAIN ELEVATORS,
AnD STEAM HOISTS.
& FLOUR MILL MACHINERY

with lat ‘st improvements a special'y.

SAW

Mhe Abel E-lward’s C ntennial Turbine

Water Wieel.

Ridebaigh’s Saw Frame,. Mill Do-s and
and Siw Guides.
Water-works, the latest and most improved
made to order.

Light and Heavy Brass and Iron Castings.

lans a. Specifications on application.

The Walkerville Foundry,

Machine Works,
Walkerville, Ont., Dec., 1880,

purchased and rem7rved to our

—s

10

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

~The Largest Oak in Great Britain.

In spite of a rival claim put forward in
behalf of an oak in Newland in Gloucester-
shire, I believe that the largest oak in Brit-
ain—and our island home can boast of nota
few giant oaks, many of them famous, too,
for their historical associations—stands in
the parish of Cowthorpe, three miles from
Wetherby, in the west riding of the county
of York. The Cowthorpe oak, whose age
has been computed to exceed 1,500 years,
has, as may be supposed from its extraordi-
nary size, been noted in numerous works de-
voted to natural history and forestry. ‘lhe
circumference of its trunk close to the
ground was, at the close of the last century,
according to Evelyn’s ‘‘ Sylvia,” 78 feet.
Shortly after the publication of this work,
earth was placed around the base of the
trunk with a view to the preservation of the
trees, which by covering over some very con-
siderable projections, reduced the girth of
the stem at the ground line to 60 feet. In
1829, the Rev. Dr. Jessop méasured the tree
and communicated its dimensions te Strutt’s
‘Sylvia Britanica.”” We transcribe the
reverend doctor’s details, which, he assures
us, may be relied upon:

Circumference at the ground, 60 feet ; cir-
cumference at the height of one yard, 45
feet ; height of the tree in 1829, 45 feet ;
extent of the principal remaining limb, 40
feet ; greatest circumference of ditto, eight
feet.

Dr. Jessop adds: ‘‘The tree is hollow
throughout to the top, and the groundplot
inside (the amount of which has been much
exaggerated) may possibly afford standing
room for forty men.” In Loudon’s ‘‘ Arbor-
etum” the diameter of the hollow within
the tree, close to the ground, is given as
nine feet, teninches. ‘‘ The circle occupied
by the Cowthorpe oak,” says Professor Burn-
net, ‘‘where the bottom of its trunk meets
the earth, exceeds the ground-plot of that
majestic column of which an oak is confess-
ed to have been the prototype, namely,
Smeaton’s Eddystone Lighthouse.” In Bur-
nett’s ‘‘ Outlines of Botany” we also read:
‘*Se capacious is the hollow of the Cow-
thorpe oak that upwards of seventy persons
have been, as the villagers affirm, at one time
assembled in it.” In the 12th volume of Lou-
don’s Gardener’s Magazine, the Cowthorpe
oak is said to be undoubtedly the largest
tree at present in Hngland, Shaw, in his
‘Nature Displayed,” says: ‘‘ Many sup-
pose the Cowthorpe oak to be the father of
the forest ;” and in Kent’s ‘‘Sylvan Sketeh-
es ” (1825) mention is made of this oak as
surpassing all others,

Tradition asserts that at one time the
branches of this tree overshadowed half an
acre of ground. A large branch which fell
about the commencement of last century is
said to have extended to a wall 90 feet from
the trunk of the oak. On this wall, which
still remains, the villagers, so the story runs,
used to mount to pick the acorns from the
overhanging branches. The leading or top
branch fell betore the date of any record
concerning the tree. The manner in which
it is said to have fallen is, however, remark-
able. The main trunk having become
hollow, the perpendicular shaft dropped
down into the trunk and could never be re-
moved. There it remained wedged in,
doubtless tending to strengthen the hollow
cylinder and prevent compression from the
pressure of its enormous branches, In 1772
one of the side branches was thrown down
in a violent gale of wind, and on being accur-
ately measured was found to contain up-
wards of five tons of wood. ‘The largest of
the living branches at present extends over
40 feet north northeast from the trunk.
This giant limb is supported by a substantial
prop of timber.

A century ago Yorkshire children used to
amuse themselves with a game called the
**Dusty Milier.” The Cowthorpe oak was
a meeting place for this diversion, Through
the rents in the shell of the trunk, then only
large enough to admit them, trocps of merry
village lads and lasses crept into the in-
terior, and, provided with a spout, which
was balanced in a hole in the wall of their
living playhouse, they gathered the dry,
crumbling dust and fragments of wood and
shot them down the spout to their compan-
ions outside. It has been reported that for
some time the cavity within the tree was
used as stabling for cattle, but this, we
think, is fiction. The openings in the trunk,
though evidently enlarging constantly, are
even now scarcely wide enough to give color
to this assertion,

In connection with this tree, an anecdote | make it worth $50. That’s genuis.

is related of that notable Yorkshireman,
John Metcalfe, the blind highway contractor
and surveyor, better known as “Blind

Jack” of Knaresborough. Blind Jack was
a frequent visitor to the tree, and would
measure its girth correctly at any height
within his reach, going round it with his
long arms extended. He used to point out,
too, with accuracy, by putting up his staff,
to the exact spot from which the great
branch had fallen. ‘Whenever he came, an
old bloodhound which was kept near the
\ree, whose wont was to snarl at every
stranger, fondled him and licked his hand.
Blind Jack now lies at rest in Spofforth
churchyard, almost within the sight of the
old oak. :

So great was the fame of the Cowthorpe
oak that formerly small saplings raised from
‘its acorns were sold in pots to visitors by
the villagers for as much as a guinea each.
As the old oak now stands, it is a very pic-
ituresque object. It is situated in the centre
of a small green paddock; hard by is the
little village church, a very ancient struc
ture, and the clear waters of the winding
Nidd glide noiselessly past. The battered
trunk, annually crowned with green foliage,
is grand in its venerable decay. The old
tree has been terined ‘‘ the glory of England
and the pride of Yorkshire ;’ and its enor-
mous size, the growth of many centuries,
entitles it to all the fame it has acquired.

a ee

Paper from Grass.

It has been discovered that any of th
common grasses make a superior article, and
a patent has been issued to the discoverer.
The following is the process :

“The manufacture of paper pulp and pa-
per from paper grass is one of the novelties
for which a patent has been obtained. Any
of the common grasses found in the field,
lawn, or meadows, may be used, and it is
said that the green grass pulp produced from
them make a paper of great strength and
length of fibre, and possesses tenacity, soft-
ness and flexibility ; and further, that this
paper is even softer and more transparent
than that made of linen. An advantage not
to be overlooked is the one of economy,
since one square foot gives in the wholc
year, 0.9 to 1.00f a pound of green grass,
making from 30,492 to 66,340 pounds to an
acre, One pound of green grass makes one
fourth to one-sixth of a pound of fine,
bleached, finished paper, or 3,711 pounds of
finished paper to the acre.

“So long as the sap is in circulation and
the chlorophyl, silica, and other inorganic
matters are not dried in, in which event the
fibre is seriously impaired for the purpose of
paper, either old or young grass may be
used, but to avoid danger, it is best to have
the grass cut or mown before it begins to
bloom.

“The first process of manufacture is to
pass the grass between the rollers of the
press, which cruslies or loosens the fibre and
squeezes out most of the sap. It is then
freed from dirt by being thoroughly agitated
or washed by other means in a large tank of
water, in terhnperuture either Warm or cold,
A perforated false bottom in the tank con-
tains the grass and allows the dirt to fall in.
to the compartment below, where a pipe
gives egress to the dirt and wash water.
After sufficient washing the crushed grass is
boiled in an open kettle, or in a steam kettle
with lye, in a proportion of a pound of
caustic soda, or two tenths of a pound of
caustic potash, or six-tenths of lime, to 100
pounds of grass. With an open kettle the
boiling is continued from four tofive hours ;
with a steam kettle two hours will suffice.

‘* From the kettle the materia: goes into
a filtering trough of magnesia for about
thirty minutes, then is placeda second time
in the solution of sulphurie acid. These
operations may be repeated more or less, till
the pulp is as fine and white as required, af-
ter which it is washed in clear water,”

Another method is to filter the crushed
oulp with water glass, and bleach it with a
solution of chloride of lime or chloride ot
soda, Still another is to bleach the crude
pulp in chlorine gas, and finish with water-
glass, after which the pulp is washed with
clean water.

rt 1

AS we were talking one day about church-
es and their curious ceremonies, a little boy
remarked that he had seen a christening, a
funeral. and a wedding, but he had never
seen a divorce.

Mr. LonGrELLOW can take a worthless
sheet of paper and by writing a poem on it
Mr.
Vanderbilt can write fewer words on a similar
a sheet and make it worth $50,000,000,
' That’s capital,

A Great Invention.

Aman living near Bloomfield, N. J., has
contrived an arrangement, says the New
York Sun, by the use of which he is enabled
to get an hour or more of extra sleep in the
morning, and in other ways he finds it of
great benefit. In many ways it takes the
place of a domestic servant. The gentle-
man has thought out and put into practical
working an idea that occurred to him a year
ago. He is awakened in the morning by a
shrill whistle. He at once gets out of bed,
for he knows what that whistle means. It
tells him that all is ready for him to get
breakfast. He dresses and goes into the
kitchen, and there he finds a bright, fresh
fire, a tea kettle full of boiling water, and
othey conveniences for preparing his morn-
ing meal. All thisis accomplished by means
of an alarm-clock with weights, a piece os
wire, a sheet of sandpaper, and somef
matches, Paper, wood, and coal are put
into the grate of his cooking-stove, and a
tea kettle filled with water, and having a
tiny whistle fitted into the nozzle of the
kettle, is placed on the stove. By setting
the alarm in the clock he can have a fire at
any time he wishes. When the alarm in
the clock goes off, a weight falls and hits
the wire ; the wire moves and scrapes the
matches fastened to it on the sandpaper ; the
matches light the paper in the stove, the
paper fires the wood and coal, and soon a fire
is under way. In a little while the water
in the teakettle boils, and then the tiny
whistle gives the note of warning that every-
thing is ready and it is time to get up.

«Simple thing, and yet what a comfort it
is,” the inventor says. ‘‘ There is no get-

| ting up for me now an hour before break-

fast, losing that amount of sleep, and then|

waiting around for breakfast. The arrange-
ment costs next to nothing, and it is as
trustworthy as anything in this world. I
have not had it patented yet. Some per-
sons advise me to, and perhaps I may. I
haven’t any for sale; get it up entirely for
my own comfort and convenience, and it has
more than repaid me already. But just
think, if it were in general use it would save
many hard words and do away with con-
siderab!e domestic unhappiness among poor
people. Doubtless it might have a tenden-
cy to make a better feeling between some
men and their wives, by settling the vexing
question.as to who should get up in the
morning and build the fire. Out of this
guestion alone many divorce suits grow, and
tbis arrangement would prevent them,”

One Hundred Bushels ot Shelled "Corn
to the Acre.

Mr. Nathan G. Pierce tells the American
Cultivater how he raised 100 bushels of
shelled corn to the acre, having accomplish-
ed that feat for the second time this year,
He uses for seed an eight-rowed corn which
he has improved by careful selection, and be-
lieves it to be a good variety to raise in that
locality, or, in fact, anywhere between Vir-
ginia and the Canada line, or east of the Al-
leghany Mountains,

The ground selected for planting was a
good piece of gravelly loam. It was well
ploughed last spring, about the first of May,
harrowed, treated to a broadcast application
of 900 pounds fertilizer to the acre; again
harrowed faithfully, rendering the land fine
and mellow ; rows marked three feet apart,
a small amount of fertilizer scattered to
each row. May 10th, three kernels of corn
planted in eaeh hill, two feet apart in the
rows ; cultivated and hoed four times, al-
lowing no weeds to grow; passed through
the entire piece, cutting each hill down to
two stalks; every sucker in each hill
cut throughout the field.

During the entire period of growth
through the season the ficld was closely
watched, every weed pulled and every ear
of smut cut out. At the proper time, after
the corn has become hard, it was cut, boun 1
in bundles, and stooked. Whendry it was
drawn into the barn, where, with the as-
sistance of a hired man, the corn was_ husk-
ed, weighed as husked, and found to yield
100 bushels to the acre, allowing seventy-
five pounds of ears to equal one bushel of
shelled corn.

GoLDWIN SmirH, in the five years of his
Oxford University course, won the Hertford,
the Ireland, a first in ‘‘ Greats,” the Latin
verse, the Latin essay, the English essay, and
to crown all, a fellowship of the University.
He remained an Oxford man for twenty years,
and in 1858 was made by Earl Derby Regins
Professor of ModernHistory, with a salary of
£650 a year. i

‘denly raising

Some Strangely Pulfilled Dreams.

Dickens once had a dream which was fol-
filled, at least to his own satisfcation.
“Here,” Le w ote on. 30, 1863, ‘is
curious case at first hand, On 4
night last week; being at the office here,” ia
Loudon, ‘‘ I dreamed that I saw a lady in a
red shawl with her back toward me, whom T
sup, osed tobe KE. On ber turniny round 1
found that 1 didn’t know ler, and she said,
‘I am Miss Napier.’ All we time I was
dressing next morning I thought, ‘ What a
preposterous thiny to have so very distinct a
dream about nothing ?~ And why Miss Na-
pier ? for I never heard of; any Taes
That same Friday night I read. © the
reading came into my retiiner eSiney
Boyle and ier Lrother, andthe lady im t

red si awl, whom tory prese Na-
‘et These are all tue circni exact-
y told.” This was probablya uncon-

scious cerebration. Dickens lad no doubt
really seen the lady, and been told that she
was Miss Napier, whe7 his attention was oc-
cupied with other matters. There would be
nothing unusval in bis dreanzing|about a per-
son whom ke had thus seen without noticing.
Of course it was an old coincidence that
lady of whom he had thus dreamed should
introdnced to him soon after—possibly
very day after. But such coincidence
not infrequent. Tosu that Die cens hi
been specially warned in a dream about so un-
important a matter as bis intreduction to
Miss Napier would be absurd ; for, fulfilled or
unfulfilled, the dream as, as Dickens | im-
self described it, a very distinc: dream about
nothing. Far different in this respect was
the stran.e dream which President Lincoln
had the night before he was shot. If the
story was truly told by Mr. Stanton to Dick-
ens, the case is one of the most curious on re-
dord. Dickens teld it thusina John
Foster: ‘On the afternoon of the day on
which the President was shot there was a

Cabinet council, at whicn he pres Mr.
Stanton, being at tte time Commander-in-
Chief « f the Northern 3 that were con-
centrated about here, arrived rat! ute. In-
deed, they were waiting for on bis
entering the room the P t broke off in

somethiny he was sayi
us proceed to busi i
Stanton then noticed St
President sat with an air

chair, instead of lolling about in un-
gainly attitudes, as his invariab) was;
and that instead of relevant and
questionable stories, |e. was gtave and calm,
and quite a different man, Mir, Stanton, on
leaving the council with the Attorney-Gener-

al, said to tim, ‘“That is the -
tory Cabinet meet I ihe tor
manya long day. “What an.
change in Mr. Lincoln !” The Attorney-Gen-
eae -< ‘We all saw it — a
in. bile we were waiti i
with his chin down on his teenie Geatthe”
men, something very extraordinary is goi
to happen, «nd that very soon.”’ To oe
the Attorney-General had observed, ‘some-
thing good, Sir, I hope?’ whem the President
answered very gravely, ‘I don’t know—L don’t
know. But it will happen, and shortly, too.’
As they were all im by, his manner,
the Attorney-Gen took hi i
‘Have you received any inf
not yet disclosed to us? ‘No,’ answ

the President, ‘ but Ihave hadadream. And
I have now had the same dream three times.
Once on the night p i 1e battle of
Bull’s Run. Once on the night p ing

his face and looking row
table as Mr. Stanton entered—‘ le: us pro¢
to business, gentlemen.’ Mr. Stanton and
the Attorney-General said, as they walked on
together, it would be curious to notice whe-
ther anything ensued on this, and they agreed
to notice, He was shot that night. is

When John Skeil of Hickory townshi
Pa., met a snake in the woods that was eight
feet in iengih, he became charmed, and
found it mpsssible to remove his eyes from
the dazzling orbs of the monster, Fi
he became unconscious and fell to the
ground. The snake immediately coi’el h m-
self about the body, but the arrival of Mr.
Skeil’s son saved his life. The reptile was
shot, but Skeil lies at home ina very critical
condition,

on el

THR CANADA

“hh: '_ Trish Woes,

®
———

A MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT’S ACCOUNTS—THE
STORY Of NORAH GOLDEN.

Mr, Charles Russel, M. P. for Dundalk, is
writing, in letters to the London Telegraph,
his observations in portions of southern Ire
land. In county Kerry there has been less
suffering than elsewhere, and until recently
the Land League had not made it the scenc

_ of active operations. Yet Mr, Rusgel paints

a dismal picture of its condition. Poor land,
high rents, and gaunt, half-naked peopl:
were the rule everywhere. But perhaps «

ore vivid idea of the actual state of things

will be gathered from the following story o

a sufferer which he reports. He writes a

follows :—

~~ Several stories of hard treatment were tol:
us. I will give one with name and address,
as the poor woman having been evicted from
her holding itis|beyond the power of my nar-

_ tative to injure herfurther. Apparently sh«

was.aged about sixty-five years, and if ever
@ woman spoke with a sense of wrong upon
her, Norah Golden did, It would seem that
‘the land had been transferred fromher name
to that of herson, ‘I have held a farm at
Roads for forty-two years. I have been
twenty-two years a widow. Ihad the grass
of four cows under Morrough Bernard. The
eighteen years ago, was £6 15s. It was
raised to £11 dae Three years ago it
was raised to £12 13s, 4d. Griffith’s valua-:
tion is £5 14s, We owed a year’s rent on
the Ist of May, 1879, and a decree was got:
against us last November. We were turned
out on March 25th last, the day of the an-
nunciation. While I was at mass they broke:
in my door. It. waslocked, and they put
my iture on the side of the road. Las
November fair my son John offered half a
year’s rent, and was refused unless I paid
£2 10s. for costs, My son went in again to
see if he would take it, but he was refused.
My son, out of heart, went to America, and
the rent we offered, and £3 10s., which |
borrowe¢, went to pay his passage to Ameri-
ca. -His wife and six children are in Cahis-
ciyeen with me. The eldest of his children
is only nine years, and the youngest two
months. My son has sent me over since he
went £6 from America, I saw the landlord

sorself ; It was in his new ‘married-time. I
‘Taid £10 before hi

rent,
‘then

nour, but
~")() | AE REFUSED,’
“sayingd was ejectéd, and hejcould not.makce
i" a t bintetor i 2 a T-went to-him
the next day and-he gave me the same an-
swer. I followed him into the street, and J
had a mind to curse him, ashe would not
give me.the land for my son and large fam-
y- Imadeu Rrarecay tars a young
springer, and I borrowed 30s. from a shop-
Reepor tn thls town, John Dennehy, and I
sold a.new: milch cow for £7.10s, The sher-

rue ' ya with EE I A abr aie Font,
aa¢é up the meney to £15 7s, To-day (18t
ren three weeks I sent.a bank draft

ted, BL Te tinne tak t Bamara, a Killar-
ney, and it,came back to me by his driver,
Morzis-Collins, the next Wednesday. When
I opened the letter’the draft was in it.
Charley, Cliford read the letter for me, and
said At, told.me goto Downing, Tra-
lee (Morrough Bernard’s solicitor), and if I
settled “with him I would get possession
again, I walked the next, day to Tralee,
every step of the way, forty miles, until I
made out Downin 8 office. I reached him
my letter, and he said it was of no value to
him. _He asked me had I money, and I said
Thad the redeeming of the land with me.
He said, * I can do nothing for you, my poor
woman. I did not get a letter from Mor-
rough d this length of time. I began
to cry to think they would make an ape of
me, Sean me so far, I went again last
Thursday fortnight to Tralee, and remained
there five days. I went then to Mr. Brod-
erick, an attorney who bears the best name
of doing g the poor in the country. 1
told-him that:when my son got married I

got his name put down for the rent, Mr,
roderick said he had no other case but
mine in Killarney, and that hecould not go

down for'my case unless I paid him £3 10s.,
bat Thad only £1. Ido noy think Mr. Ber

PUL ME BACK. ON THE-LAND.

My son drained and fenced the land, and
put a road on it, Hemade more improve-
ments on A at his father did before him,
eyo tpl orang when he
im _. 9 t. he improve

every inch of the idea himbeld There was
4 field on it eighty spades long and fifty
epades in brea (a spade 1s

man never worked till my son drained it,
and now it is covered with oats, In the old
time water would have got in onit over a
’man’s:-knee boots. There is another field
‘thirty-two spades long, and my son drained
‘it, and now itis in tillage, he oats taken
‘out of my garden now is worth ls, 4d, a
‘barth (a barth means twenty sheaves), My
potato seed -was long in the ground when we
were put out, The landlord was here on
‘the eighth of August last, and he took a for-
eign road:so that he might not meet me, the
‘way I could not redeem my land. He knew
L was in town. Hesaid when I offered/him

THE HOUSEKEEPER.

Sister Mac’s Caxe,—Two and a half
cups of powdered sugar, three-fourths cup
of butter, one cup sweet milk, three cups
fleur, four eggs, one lemon, juice and rind,
one small tablespoonful, soda; bake in a
square or oblong tin, and frost with whites

ot two eggs beaten stiff with powdered

sugar.’

FRICASSEE OF Haricot BEANS,—One pint
of beans, three ofinces of butter, the juice of
one lemon, and one ouncevof parsley. Steep
the beans two hours in cold soft water, ad-
ding a.salispoonful of salt and one ounce of
butter... When they. boil, simmer them
shortly two hours or more ; put them into a
stewpan with a little pepper, salt, chopped
parsley, two ouuces of butter and the lemon
juice. Sit.them on.the fire.a few minutes
and stir them well. .

Lentit Sovur,—One quart of lentils, two
pounds-and a-half of parsnips, two pounds
of celery, two ounces of-eschalots or leeks,
‘one ounce of chopped parsley, and two
ounces of butter... Wash and pick the len-
tils, steep them twenty-four hours in soft
water, set them on the: fire in four quarts of
spring water, -add-the vegetables and some
salt, boil till quite- soft, rub through a fine
colander or coarse sieve, adding boiling wa-
ter as required; return it to the pan, season
with pepper and salt, stir in the butter and
boil a few minutes.

Eees of THE Risine Sun.—Boil six eggs
-ten minutes, remove the shells and cut each
egg in halves lengthways ; take the yolks out
and pass them through a wire sieve on a
dish ; shred the whites into fine strips, and
put these in white sauce, made as follows:
one pint of milk thickened with flour in the
same way asfor butter sauce, add two tea-
spoonfuls of chopped parsley, a: little cayen-
ne, nutmeg, and salt,.and a small piece of
fresh butter; mix well together, and dish
up, with the yolks ontop; brush over with
a little clarified butter ;.to be put in a mod-
erate oven until.slightly. browned.

CHEESE AND Macaron1.—Quarter of a
pound of cheese, two ounces of macaroni,
and half a teacupful of cream. Wash the
macaroni, and Jet it steep half an hour in
cold spring water; cover with a plate and
set in a moderate oven, or on a stove, till
the macaroni is tender but not soft ; drain
in a colander, and put it ona dish with a
little butter, salt, and white pepper, adding
the cream; cover it with good toasting
cheese, cut in thin slices, without crust ; sit
it in the oven, and if not¢lightly browned in
ten minutes, set it in a Datch oven before
the fire for one or two minutes.

Miyce-Mrar For Pirs,—Shred and chop
very fine two pounds of beef suet; by dred-
ging the suet occasionally with flour it chops
more easily and does not clog; boil slowly,
but thoroughly two pounds of lean round
of beef and chop fine, (mix all the ingredi-
ents as they are prepared;) stone and cut
fine two pounds of rasins; wash and pick
two pounds of currants; cut fine half a
pound of citron ; chop two pounds of apples,
weighing them after they have been peeled
and cored ; a tablespoonful of salt, a tea-
spoonful of ground cinnamon, a grated nut-
meg, a saltspoonful of allspice, half as much
cloves, two ounces of rose-water, half an
ounce of essence of almonds, half a pint of
brandy, and a quart of cider. This may be
kept in a cool place all Winter. If too dry
add more cider.

Tue death was lately announced of Gen.
Low, son of Sir Hudson, Napoleon’s custo-
dian at St, Helena, whose wife was one of the

feet) that! New York De Lancys.

LUMBERMAN

Suggestions About Saws.

The cause of saws heating at the centre is
almost invariably the heating of the mandrel,
or the collars not being properly turned ; |
and sometimes the saw may not be in proper |
line, with the carriage, or the track ont of
order, Saws heating at the rim and not in
the centre is generally the result of the saw

bear too hard against the outside guide,
Often the machinist in putting in the log
pins of a mandrel will turn them too large,
then drive them into the collar with a ham-

|
}
leading too much into the log, causing it to
|

mer and swell the metal around the pins |

without noticing the defect, In such a case

the saw will only have a bearing at a small |

surface around the pins and never fit or hang
true-until the metal is chipped or filed off
level with the face of tue collar. Often the
collars will not run true; this defect should
be corrected at once, ;

Where very thin saws are used solid tooth-
ed saws arerecommended by Emerson fortwo
important reasons. A thin saw requires
more teeth, in order to do a given amount
of work, because the teeth are not so stiff as
those of a thicker saw and therefore more
liable to spring sideways and follow the
grain of the timber, Another reason is that
sawyers generally have had more experience
with solid saws than with inserted toothed
saws. and consequently, and having more
confidence will. persevere and make them go
under ordinary difficulties, when they might
condemn an inserted tooth under similar
circumstances,

In the use of the emery wheel proper care
should be exercised, for there is more danger
from their use than either the file. or a burr
gummer.. If the condition of the saw is
such that.a considerable depth is required to
be cut in the plate, the operation should be
performed. by going over the saw several
times, only allowing the wheel to grind away
as Inuch.as.can be done without heating the
saw to a.blue... There is no excuse whatever
for. crowding.the emery wheel so as to heat
the saw red hot, as this is sure to injure the
saw, often glazing it, where'the wheel comes
in contact so hard that a file will make no
impression whatever. From these hard
spots on the outer surface small cracks com-
mence, invisible at first to the eye, but
gradually enlarging until they become dan-
gerous fractures. Hacking the face of the
wheel with a cold chisel, or the corners of
an.old. file, will often prevent its glazing so
that it is not as liable to heat the saw,
After a few times gumming, however, the

saw will enlarge on. the rim so that the,

slightest. warmth will cause it to buckle,
and there is no remedy left but to send it to
a saw maker and have it re-hammered,
Some, however, entertain the erroneous im-
pression that a saw re-hammered will never
run as well as when new. On the contrary,
a saw re-hammered will generally run better
than when new, because all the elasticity
(or nearly all) is worked out of the saw by
using, and it generally works stiffer than
when new.
= 1 rm a

Civilian Combatants.

Sir Donald Stewart (a correspondent writes
to us) is reported to have expressed his
surprise at a meeting held recently at Si-
mla at finding a Roman Catholic chaplain
in the fighting line of a British regiment du-
ring an engegement ; and to have mentioned
how he had also on another occasion seen a
chaplain with voice and walking-stick rally
some scattered cavalry. Snch things have
been known before in our military history ;
and indeed some of the early bishops, clad in
mail and armed with the mace which drew
little or no blood, did considerable execution
in the hostile ranks. Civilian or ecclesias-
tical combatants, however,'are rarely suffered
upon a modern battle-field ; though, even so
late as the Russo-Turkish war, a ehimney-
pot has been detected in the midst of the fray.
At Waterloo, as the Enniskillen dragoons
prepared to charge the French columns, an
excited rider in ‘‘mufti,” posted on their
left, accompanied by a pale lad ‘with ban-
daged face, and one arm in a sling, shouted
to them, ‘‘Now’s your time!’ This was
Wellington’s friend, Charles, fourth duke of
Richmond, who, with his son, Lord
William Lennox, was for a long time in
the thickest of the fight on that great day.
At the Berlin maneuvres last month one of
her majesty’s chaplains was a conspicuous
figure at every one of the mimic encounters,
his clerical garb being relieved by a pair of
servicable brown shooting-gaiters.

‘*MIssIoNARY teas” are very popular,
The gossip is confined exclusively to people
in foreign parts, and is harmless,

11

| ROYAL AND NOTABLE PEOPLE.

Tue Prince of Wales rides about a great
deal in a private hanseom cab, which has
many otilartable improvements. Among
these is a travelling clock with a luminous
dial-face set in the centre of the splash-
hoard.

Wuew the Duke and Duchess of Con-
naught were visiting Hampetead, their plain
carriage passed unobserved through the
crowds that had assembled to greet them ;
but when the gay turnout of the sheriff ap-
peared, the air was rent with cheers, much
to the amusement of all in the secret, who
then saw what the populace expect of royal-

| ty.

Miss Epmon1a Lewis, the sculptor, whois
of mixed African and Indian parentage, has
had a more than common measure of success
in her profession. The Pope long since visit-
ed her studio, and blessed her work ; the Mar-

| quis of Bute bought one of her groups for an

altarpiece ; and another, the ‘*Old Arrow-
maker and his daughter,” was bought by
Lady Ashburton.

In Sir Robert Peel’s strong Government of
1841 there were three Scotchmen. At one
time Scotland sent Macaulay, Campbell,
Hume, and Fox Maule to the House of
Commons. Now, except Mr. Gladstone,the
only contingent of political intelligence
which Scotland, with its dominant liberalism,
contributed at the last election was Mr.
‘Lrevelyan, Grant Duff, and Dr. Playfair.

WHILE riding out on Borseback at Milan,
recently, King Humbeft passed a peasant
driver who, at the moment, fell from his seat
between his horses’ heels and the wheels of
his wagon. The King leaped from his horse,
snatched the peasant frem his perilous posi-
tion, but not before the wheels had crushed
him fatally. His family will be hereafter
taken care of by the King.

'VHEN the court of Victor Emmanuel was
transported from Turin to Florence, in 1864,
the Marquis de Breme was master of cere-
monies, and a very severe one. To Prime
Minister Ricasoli he prescribed a court dress
before he could be received by the King.
Ricasoli replied: ‘‘ Either I must be re-
ceived in a plain frock-coat or not at all.
Tue Hieasolig have never worn livery of any

ind,’

One of General Garfield’s closest friends is
Major Swaim, who is spoken of as likely to
be his private secretary. He is a compactly
built man, about fifty, square-shouldered
and deep-chested. At first he appears brus-
que, but this disappears on acquaintance,
and he becomes very companionable. He is
an Ohio man, has seen much of the world,
and is a very gocd judge of men. General
G. is said to rely greatly upon his judg-
ment.

THE Carthusian Fathers, who have re-
cently established themselves in Sussex,
England, on a large scale, are in treaty with
the Duke of Norfolk for his estate near
Horsham, which is at a short distance from
the?r enormous monastery at Cowfold. The
price offered is said to be considerably under
$150,000, although the property is worth a
good deal more ; but it is supposed that the
Duke is willing to make a sacrifice in fayour
os those whom he considers martyrs.

PRINCE ROLAND BoNAPARTE, son of Pierre
Napoleon, and Mile, Maria Blanc, daughter
of the late ontrepreneur of the Monaco gam-
ing-house, have decided to leave Ermenon-
ville, the little village near Senlis, where
they were to spend their honeymoon, and are
thinking of visiting the Florentine palace of
San Donato, with which the bride was pre-
sented on her wedding day. They will

stay. for a short time at Nice, where the
fashionable world is now beginning to as-
semble. There is much curiosity to see the
heiress.in the vicinity of Monte Carlo,

ONE of the Empress of Austria’s brothers,
Charles Theodor, Duke in Bavaria, has suc-
cessfully passed the examinations qualifying
him to practise as an oculist. His first
operation for cataract, performed upon a
citizen of Dresden shortly after he had ob-
tained his diploma, resulted in the complete
restoration of sight to his patient; and he
has again operated with entire success upon
a sufferer from cataract in the Munich Hos-

pital, The Prince is a regular attendant at —

Prof. Arit’s lectures on diseases of the eye,
‘and has in no respect relaxed the arduous-
ness of his studies since he became a regular-
ly licensed member of the faculty. If report
speak truly, Dr. Charles Theodor is fairly
on the way to attain high rank among the
more eminent practical oculists of southern
Germany.

9 OE

12

THE, CANADA LU WBRERMAN.

|IMARKET REPORTS. BUFFALO. ALBANY 97 05 ys Oy T
ett We quote cargo lots : | FREIGHTS, F | LES RE-CU |
CanapA LuMBERMAN OFFICE, Uppers tes $35 00 @ 40 00 rs ; ;
Daring tye omeNTO, 29th Dec. 1880. Kpraappiins de ays trt a1 EO) Oe ts Bee M: feet......... 2B ah 00 eT es te)
uring the holidays there has been a lull | ¥ Bono Vian weir Sige Sg PLETE fo: ahed6Te PRUE AAC ALES A A a ig Ae a dees. SD pede a G. AHAM
in lumber yards. Builders are clearing up Assorted lumber in car lots or boat loads : To New, Haven. ...9.3.. tir eleeie tases 125 | File Works, 35 post t, T é
‘old stocks to commence the business of the Die 4 Yin ee a ae 00 é e m4 ap Frovidenag. * SEC WOKS eer Pere sali 3 00 ° nw fore Fe
new year, of which the prospect is good. | 1° an ae i Y O LOWIRCSES driesep exmnore raiad w)- 25| Old Fil a and t c
Sicdketieenorallyttare Slight thybaprout Do, 2 in. . . 45 00 @ 47 00] To Norwalk... °' 6. sc veceseeeeneen Sosy A 25 | se flee ropronna and out, equa ow to
‘Western Canada. The tuwn of St. Thomas | Do. 23, 3 and 4 in, + special. To Hartford... cesses seseeerereee 2 00 fee peep oh old fips, dor mllLowgers Aa
‘thas probably the best supply on hand of any Pickings 1] inch. . . 28 00 @ 30 00| Lo Middletown.......+... fetes oda 1.75 Files, 8 ine $1.60. ae 1 pe ty = eae iin. qu
-of our Western towns, At the mills stocks «1p and 14 in. 33 00 @ 35 00] To New London, ......-sseeeeeeus 1 75) 3.6. Other kinds pro rata.’ Quotatio =
-are moderate and nearly all cold. Shippers it at 3, and 4 in, To Philadelphia. . ox? 2,00 | satentodange epnenmpers.
are getting supplies in according to demand. special aiins «6! Go) «1 22 00 @ 00 00} Quotations at the ails are as 29 11
The Northern Railway has made liberal con- Shelving SO i 22 00 @ 24 00! Pine, clear, # M f i Sait BUY ONLY TI THE BEST I
cessions to parties holding stock along the Cutting ULB i soo: siete lola ode Gila 22 00 @ 24 00| Pine, fourths...................... 4 50
line, increasing the local car load to 12 ton | Sidings, com., 1 in......... 16 50 @ 17 00 Pine,” seladta, i219, O00 ot aL | 38@50 Prim’ —
and through to 13 tons, the standard on the 1} in. and over..... 17.00 @ 20 00] Pine, good boxe asa aa 17@2
Midland is 10 and 12 tons respectively. At Common, stocks............. 16 50 @ 17 00 Pine, common box.....-........... 14@17 | f PRI RINTO GRAPH
Albany, New York, und other cities across | Box, all thicknesses........ 13 00 @ 14 00} pj AO sae nlateOeab nines oll .1 at
. Ss Ress J Pine, 10 in. plank, each...... 38@42
the lines a fair business is going oo, with a 18 m XXX shingics......... 360 @ 3 70} pine, 10-in. plank, ont}ae nn! om 21@23
prospect of greatly reduced stocks by spring. \8 inch clear batts......... 260 @ 2 70] Pine boards 10-in fit. 25@28 THE KING...COPYING. TABLET.
In our loyging camps all is bustle and Lath ....... esse eeeeees, 175 @ 1 80 Pine, 10-in boarde, culls, AG ae 17@18 Alyreys; taken :thadpad
activity, and so far the progress is all that , We ou wholesale prices of hardwood Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft. Mints 28 00 |: Over 400 copies bave been printed from one writing.
could be Siete Walnat EE cars or boat : $65.00 Pine, 12-1n. boards, 16 tt........... 28 00} PRIZES AWARDED FOR SUPERIOR MERIT
TORONTO. A enoh Take pie PE teee een eens 70 00 Pine [2-in. boards,13 ft............ 28 00) The only Diploma given by the Industrial sl Exbibi-
ae ee he eS # inch, lsts and 2ads, 14 feet coffia Bing ie in’ {iting Peictes on te we Ome exelent ae
culls, . Ao cde 7 00 zi ? ine, 1}-in. siding common........ 1 me s \o,us for our “Improved
Shipping ‘cull stocks. ...... 10 00 rd 11 00} 4 php et Rat ie Be y Ts we oo Pine, 1-in. siding, selected,........ 40 00 Ww (vagitil un ney eee sed ine Sik -
Shipping calls, (in, box,).... 8 50 @ 10 00 A BOS tach) 1 Pine, 1-in, sidiag, common......... 16 00) eznibition at Hanulton and ales ant Eat
Dressing Bnei Adee BOX@ 19°00 o taeda Deedee teers is m4 Sprace boards, each......... Mie 16 our very Scales i Saar
ooring, iG M2 | 12 00 @ 13 00 aM 5 NI Spates PURI Spruce, plank, 1}-in., each......... rintograph or other Wo) Tablets. “
Joisting and seantling se 9 50 @ 10 50 ete Pag Page sen eo 150 00 Spruce, plane ee cach. oe te ee +2 - wi
Militumisidingsl: | 1200 @ 14 00 vewels 5x5 to 10xl0............4.. 95 00 Spruce, wall strips, each..........,.11@1]4 GREAT IMPROVEMENTS, soit
Pickings... 7) 17-00 @ 20 00 peminer in, & thickere: ...viici sie. 55 00} Hemlock, boards, each............. 13 og NEW FEATURES
Clear and pickings. ee), OS 25 00 @ 30 00| Cine’ spats Sinise aie ike 35 00 | Hemlock, joist, 4x6,.each.......-.. : 30| BLACK AND COLOURED FARE.
Lath.. 1S as@ 1 \40 | culls ae sharia eet eed ar 35 00| Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4.. es 94 :
Shingles, No 1.0... 210 @ 2 20| white ser Ohio let and fine 2nds.... 39 00 | Diack walnut, Se ainae ark lone 85 00 De
Nee Ag tes 140 @ 160 abe Ny Inch,..it. fuemasnienh fh oe x Black walnut, Bein ad cos. cxes BE 78 00 SPECIAL ‘PENCIL.
1 Freee ee eet eee ee eee eee 4 ack walnut, 3-in a. ba Sulvoeuqeting. 78 00} Also a Special C Ink fo) BabbBer-
LONDON, ONT. i i Soe eee na ft.........:: 80,00] Sycamore, l-im.... sc ees. eduihicaees 28 00 Pe Stamp owe © 200
RETAIL RATES. neat = re “he Be hate 33 00 | Sycamore, Grins... 66. .e cee cece sees 22 00
OG mak OTT adeeb te $12 00 @ 13 00| wns 8, lsts and fine 2nds,....... 32 00} White wood, 1 inch and thicker.... 40 00 EVERY PRINTOGRAPH IS. WARRANTED.
Sick eos ae ENR 14,00, 4) “LBD ar pits cn oie cheetah: a a4 White wood, § inch... vetreees 30 00 a
ear in. and 1} to 2in..... 25 00 @ 30 00] q : ovale Bs LE WLC WTA ole SRI Ash, good):. «. 012. ola. deal Oe, . 43 00 i ger hk
Bill stuff, up to 16 feet..... @ 14 00 hens inch and thicker............. 55 00 Ash, second quality Seer ee 30 00 Prices Reeves _
fo! over 16 teet $1 Bu erat PSG BT MARAT» » LAP ater ae 50 00! Cherry, good.......a:.ssveeessavu 60 00 age phs. $1.00 and say =
foiveveryitvovteot Uxtia: ickory, best Ohio... is. .....00.005 35 00) Cherry, common.... 2. sc... 35 00 Saltese’ ‘Or tiedtacnran ae nt
Flooring and vessel Jumber. @ 20 00 h =a Ga 2009 of cteiks tor acetic ais 42 00 | address on receipt of price. * foie
Dressing lumber rough..... 17 00 @ 18 00 So cajggio s Oak, second quality......... 0 -..++ 25 00 ant
Lath, per 1000 feet ........ @ 4 25 ROUGH LUMBER. Basswood A pe * EE I" 25 00 PIM & CO,,. ™
Shingles No, 1, per M....... @ 275] toners, thick $45 00| HiCHOPYes = -srrnsenanes cannes anes 400,00 | «ig MARAT Oct Ee eae
é I 9 VEABWAR ee ce es eee eo sseee eee eee ee ma.
do. per ¢ qaare:... & @ 200 ae chincins acest alee aii ana 42 00 eer Wisi ott ads cae ae wi ene beget ie by op cate
— EE Seer ny awit: 26.00 | PeepiexAmRion ch bs «ronnie le
The following are quotations in the Otta- ens prE- ait peace ade 2) Shingles, shaved, pine. .m.... pene ee a a ae ae a
wa market :— ra mirm-b Oo nor TAR Mee Roig si eae ae 4 50 SA SA VE YOUR OAL
12 in. stocks, gcod........ $18 00 @ 20 00 AT SES EM Skanes «soe Phole Shingles, extra, sawed, pine...... 4 25
12 ie S. culls..... 10.00 @ 1050] p Qt} dered, hs, el MIRO RR ATG oR ls jelde 24 00 Shingles, clear, sawed, ae sie a 3 25 ’
i¢ “ good......... 16 00 @. 18 00 See a ps, G-in, No. 1........+. m a4 Shingles, cedar, mixed............ 275 J. W. ELLIOT S)
iI “ S culis.......950 @ 1050 sete SPER Ta co EGR oR Mas oBta dard Sinha At Me Shingles, hemlock................ 2 00
Strips, good. ' 17.00 @ 20 00 Select coin ee hhickiw...1 tasers chiets 28 00| Lath, hemlock...................., 150 PATEN i SAVER.
chime cee me GOD) Git. aime MCD eee eee eee eee ees 24 00| Lath, spruce..../ 00.0040... hee. 2 00 —=
i Sidings, My, 1. send asa : Commean).9i.45. Ach. cheb. eee at. cv MLB 100 The First _proauce amount o
| PC a ee 2390 @ 26 00 Cul sys coisas aU. ELEN ile eae 12 00 andi Ta heat from a given amoumt of Sool, nad is ginad by o=
ce PRM pat ‘ B, bds No. 1 12in.... ee eee 25 00 DETROIT, nt
r culls 9 00 @ 10 00 Nos 16 00 : feet of flue pipe, is beat down and around the base,
Lath (8 1,000 jee.).. . 000@ 100 OY) Distads OK, WOME ace. Sh aa Yard rates, continue as follows : nog the beak by the atmosphere through direct
Dedle (P Quebse seanaatd) Nios. Line es, Hcey, Bamana mead: 14 00} Uppers, all thicknesses... .$40 00 @ 45 09 tion from every part ef the stove. Ano~her object
ths 6100.@ dab" o0 (rot Ne bas te 20 00| Selects........cs000s00s0. 35 00.@ 38.00] ‘me myertion iste secre ie eect Pete tae ande
Deals (P Quebec eal) No 2. LS iPtiscs ate wkierete Ce Elta 18 00} Fine common, thick....... @ 30 00} accomplished | by placing around the body of the stove if
Bad (100% CBO | ts NOs U8 fer sc Berestics nds nite 15 00 | No. 1 common stock, 1x12... 16 00 @ 18 00| series of internal cornally ting pockets overlapping the fire
DeniaeeiDuens Bill gtufl to. 18 fb... icccatsasatacact( Sus - 13 00| Common shippers, 1x12.... 13 00 @ 14 00| Robsads oe ee ae -
(@ Quebec standard) Tee nee : ppers, @ the lower ead of the pockets, and, after through
alee we Tt SIO 000 @ 58 50 Bill stuff over 18 ft. adds Flooring, select............ @ 25 00) them, trv Ny dmg ban
ull Wedis (BM! #)-0..- 6 Bo @" 8'50| qe ta $l ner ft, pen Ml ee ee @ 22 00 | Tick are ounedietely_ over the bette page ofthe fre
Nba E06 pau a Sind os tisk aan Mee Ue wis ROTe 3 Booting. epic Ree ee @ 16 00 hres ae eee the fire,
CHICAGO. —s_——sd ,_, Clear butts... sees eeeeees Doesnt ROLE MOLOMES oh wereres ae ema @ 24 00) of fuel other sto’ Sacond Oljet -Radeepora-
Sat sane Tati 2 26 Pe Arseluat, . Stee aes cen @ 20 00} tor which is a part of the stove. The cover becomes a
First and second clear, 1@ 1} in......$43 00 Surfacing one side adds to the price sof B common @ 16 00 which Tee te ‘aa ont taba pias nee pm of
Hee and Barlear 2 4h. eee, 45 00 rough dumberws. SOfsse).6 8.26 P00 P Carling "aelecty oe. ce vee es @ 30 001 “the tank. while thelower end i ped cate pt ect A
Third clear, Th @ 2 ie OH 38 00 2 sides.. vo eA DBO COMMON ve ase ae @ 25 00| insicethe dome, thereby penieests Sameera:
Third eleax, 1. inoh,« SF BB YOU Norway bds ‘and 1 stripe. RH Ue Rae & 18 00 Shipping CULISY Cater, ced @ 12 00 te 2 receories phe a a te
Tinian oa elear drcaicd eiding, oe 20 00 common.......... veeeegeres 13 00] Mill cull boards........... @ 10 00 cam be conveyed ts Sm aa apartment | f ape =e
Ist com. dressed siding.............. 18 50 DRESSED LUMBER. Pita aon me pafieeceees steak fool paneer eS as
Secondicommon’®).)..ueiesm isles sient 17 50 OL du @kcgidie it weve @ 1200 danpee water 2 ee
Flooring, lst com, dressed.......... 34 00 Bicone cis pndgiStap pio clear... ye at be to totes ; 5 arya : @ 15 00 mingle in te water tan and cSusng ale 3 4
Flooring, 2d com. dressed........... 32 00 till & eld 3am wae Viet Ae Seta eee 16 00 @ 20°00 Stove becomes Simplified easy to Contre
Flooring, 3d ¢ -m. dressed,.......... 24 00 select com... ede EMENE, Suede a 00 Shingles, clear, 18 inch.... @ 400 The fT and
Box bds, A, 13 in. and up........... 43 00 | Siding, 4 in. so Acari. Neate tal 40 ee “palm PEST PES @ 275) i it ith metal tips attach
Box bds, B, 14 in. and up............ 37 00 pao tet ss 9 OO} Lath.. 2.0.6.0... es eees @ 2% city mes of whic tbe my be abu plece,
Boxsboands Gar! fat cpa, hacen ake 1a 26 00 RISE EROTaS nae / Hi a SS or removed and pe adry cloth, errepaced wes
a niess Duara ae 12in., rough. ... 37 00 Working Iumber matching floor i ing and EID & CO., WHOLESALE LUM- tae of the ict Noes Seale ee ee Some aks
3; @ IDS -ki- vt. «a 33 00 drop siding, $2 ; working 4 in. siding, $4. BER DEALERS. Lumber, lath, shingles, &c | constant flow of air causes all the gas or smoke to
C stock bds, 10 @ 12in>........... 28 00 sot Car lots to suit ecuan s. Best culls in the mar-| sumed orto pass off. Sixth Obyect—A base
Common stock boards .............. 17 00 pla ve icoctin the plage of sinecn a
Cute biiarda, one te waits $10 00 @ 11 ov OSWEGO, N. Y. ho at ON Dock —Baplanade, foot of Sherbourne | base plate is cient for the cold airea the floor
IRIenCWHE SINOn Reeicdatemtrcvap tic cece e starts 1350) bree uppers. sic setae hie $40 00 @ 43 00 ee Rove ad is sarine, and by tha manna 2 conan ee
Eun autre SAT ASO TAN MAB TT 502) (Bickin pgicnssescerete nici elie 30 00 @ 32 00 at The cavalation ab meas prem
OHUMON DORCAS icc wun s)c sere 11 50 @ 12 50] Pine, common............ 20 0 2s ; oS stove. stoves
DiMISUSIUM Stine Rees sce oe TT 45 0 Gammon. ai. ke yaaareen a ag Ss ic oe Intercolonial Goal Mining Co fea jand the slow omeuagtion i
Dimension stuff, 20 @ 30 ft, .12 50 @ 20 00 Calls... seve cssv coe 12 00 @ 14.00 ily Dove pen paper epee
Small timber, 4x 4 to 8x 8.. 12 OOWMMill run Lotes oe. 6 tpn «os 16 00 @.20 00| Offer their fresh mineral bituminous Coal from |. "Tire ate te
ea pi ‘cedar. h : ad ii SRS 15 00 | Sidings, selected, linch.... 30 00 @ 33 00 ee
ickets, dressed and headed, flat.... 21 U0 LES Wear Cte omeRae 30 00 @ 38 00 i
Piekets, do., ee mote .... 21 00] Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet 16 00 @ 20 00 DRUMMOND CO TERY.
Pickets, rough, . ear ae deed : .. 15 00 Selected by tf A 20 00 @ 25 00! F.O.B cars, deliverable at stations ef th Inter- | 9pena
Clear shingles... SEERA HRC Oe SHIPPCLS satay wale Rs case 15 00 @ 16 00 | colonial and Grand Trunk Railway. -
Extra “A” shingles... 1... 2 90| Mill run, 1 and 1} in. strips {5 00 @ 18 00| Apply to paced aa
Standard ‘‘ A” dry shingles.......... 2 65} Culls, selected........ 20 00 @ 24 00 Int lonial Coal Minin erated ee
shuded “A” Shikvles : ‘ ha a ntercolonial Co g Co., d
Shaded ‘ SHINGIOS seein cccteisreeee ts «'s 1 10] 1x6 selected. for clapboards 24 00 @ 35 00 26 St. Francois Xavier Street further
No. 1 shingles. .... 0.1.6... ew, 1 00} Shinoles. XXX, 18-in. pine 3 O0OF@ 3 75 oS MONTREA
Wed ar SHIN Gles. jeirmisemey its ering wees 2 50 XXX, 18-in. cedar..... $3 00 @ 350 The coal is now being yeh ie te Ne Woes
Lath, drys. ES oo Bo baat cv isdacecemueteces 1 60 @. 1-75 “Obtne centers wel a ¥

th, C. J. Smith and pews

Nia IN 22

THE CANADA’

Muskoka District.

J

To moot the demands of the LUMBERMEN IN THIS DISTRICT
T have opened out a

WHOLESALE SUE iy UEPOP

At BRACEBRIDGE, where everything in ‘the shape of Lumbermen’s supplies
or Furnishings, can be obtained’ in large or small quantities, at wholesale
rates.

Outside quotations or correspondence solicited.

, F. W. JEFFERY.

STANDARD CHOPPING! MILLS, .

ING BEST FRENCH BURR MILL
TOMES. SIMPLE, EFFICIENT, PRAOTI-
OAL. CAN BE RUN BY ANY INTELLIG-
ENT MAN, NO RENEWING PLATES AS IN IRON

124 ‘CAPACITY MILLS. GRIND-

x ELS PERHOUR ERS WILL LAST
A LIFE TIME.
DRIVEN BY
2108 H.P.

MILLSTONE

CHOPPING

MILLS
FOR LUMBERMEN.

1
em CAN.BE
ates
om 16

Lumbermen, grind your own Horse Feed.

Giidrantzed Jeet — kind of grain, fine
, aS a four foot mill sto:

WATEROUS EROUS ENGINE Wt WORKS CO., BRANTFORD, CANADA.

Make your own Flour with our Portable Grist Mill.

-

PRICE, Gris: Mili complete, $600. Capacity, One and a haly

barrels of good flour per hour,

Send for particulars, address

efit of rs Waterous Engine Works Co..

Brantford, Ontario, Canada

BRYCE BROTHERS,

ST. GBA WwREN CE

LUMBER YARD!

Corner Berkeley and Front Streets, Toronto.

Planing Mill, No. 57 Ontario St. - - Mills at Elmvale.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN

LUMBER, SASH, DOORS, BLINDS, &c.

Largest and Best Stock of Lumber in the City at Lowest Prices.

WE HAVE CONSTANTLY ON HAND A LARGE STOCK OF

SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, ETC. ETC.

Which we sell at Lower Rates than they can be had anywhere else in the City,

’ SS eee eS

SPECIAL ATTENTION arvew 10 FILLING OF BILLS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

Honses built on easy terms of payment, Houses to rent or for sale in any part of the city

°° war Beut price paid for Liamber of all kinds, cedar posts, &c. "a

Wil grind as fine as any four-foot stone. '

LUMBERMAN.

QB MEADOWS)

Manufacturer of and Dealer in

LUMBERMEN'S. SUPPLI IES. Lumbermens Supplies,

Hotel & General House Furnishing Goods,

Cooking Ranges & Stoves.

HOT AIR FURNACES, &C,,

Wholesale dealers in Tinware ;
Lamp Goods.

Sheet Copper and Brass Goods,
C@ Contractor for Builders’ Job work.

Coal Oi) and

DUNLOP STREET, Corner Railway Square,
Barrie, Ontario.

M BRENNEN,

MANUFACTURER AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN

‘umber, Lath and Shingles,

63, 65 and 67 King William-st.,
HAMILTON, ONT.

Mills and Timber Limits at Silver Creek,
Tiago P. O., Ont.
Bill Stuff cut from 10 to 60 feet.
Posts on hand.
Orders sent to M. Brennen, Tiago, P. O.,
will receive prompt attention.

Cedar

THE GENUINE

Silver-Steel, Lance- rooth
Cross-Cut Saw!

MBINED PATEW:
Sue ily ON le MAR ion

It stands without a rival. and is the fast-
est cutting saw in the world. It has beaten
the best Canadian and American-made
saws 334 per cent. in every contest. Its
superiority consists of its excellent temper.
It is tempered under the Secret Chemical
Process, which toughens and refines the
steel. It givesa finer and keener cutting
edge, and will hold it twice as long as any
other process. We have the sole right for
this process for the Dominion of Canada.

None genuine that are not like the above
eut, with registered trade mark with the
word ‘**The Lance,” and Maple Leaf with
our name. Price $1 per foot.

Caution. — Beware of Counterfeits.
There are inferior counterfeits on the mar-
ket, which are intended to be soid ata high
price upon the yeputation of thissaw. We
will send to any address a saw exactly like
any counterfeit, warranted equal in quality
or no sale, at 60c. per foot. Therefore do
not be humbugged into paying a first-class
price for a seeend-o'ass saw. A fat to bear
in mind is that if the material and temper are
not of the very best quality the shape of the
teeth amounts to nothing, A saw, hke a
knife, will not cut fast without it will holda
keen, cutting edge. We have cut off a 14-
inch sound basswood log in eight seconds
with this saw.

Manufactured only by

SHURLY & DIETRICH,

Manufacturers of Saws, Plastering Trowels,
Straw Knives, &c., &c

GALT, ONTARIO.
December 10, 1880.

ALLANDALE JUNCTION HOTEL.
Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 min-
utes by alltrains, for retreshments. Solid meals.
Tea and coffee at counter. Fine brands of liquors and
choice cigars.
E. 8. MEEKING Proprietor

ST, LOUIS HOTEL.

THE RUSSELL HOTELCO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for s°ze,
style and locality in Quebec, is open through-
out the year for pleasure and business travel.

ST. LAWRENCE HALL.
PORT HOPE

Is noted for itssuperior home-like comforte—a wel!
kept table, equalling the best Hotels in Toronto, an,
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms o=
ground floor, Walton Street, Pert Hope

Wm. MACKIE, Proprietor.

FRASER’S HOTEL.
GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER. proprietor (successor to Doug~
land Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and ther-
oughly renovated and refii'ted that old established
hutel, so long and popularly kept and owned by
Dougald Brown, in the village of Gravenhurst, is
now in a position toattend to the wants of the travel-
ling and general public. Parties en route to the
Muskoka ‘District, wiil find ** ' raser’s” a comfortable
stoppi place. The Bar and Larder are well furn-
ished. Convenient Sample Rooms for Commercial
Men. Good Stabling and attentive hostler. Free
*bus to and from trains and steamboats.

HOTEL OTTAWA,
No. 21 North Side King Square.
ST. JOHN. N-~- B.
EK. COSMAN, cs.

Proprietor.

Terms, $1.00 to $1.50 per day.

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA,
JAS. A. GOUIN, - :
—Is THE———

Favourite Resort of the Leading Public
men of the Dominion attending
the annual Sessions of

Parliament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Par-
liament, Public Officials, as well as those heviug
business with the various Departments of the Gov-
ernment. Itisalso the head-quarters of thosehaving
dealings with the princely Lumber Manufacture: in
the great Pine Valley, of which Ottawa isthe acknuw-
ledged centre.

THe RussELL House being central, almost abut! nz
on the magnificent PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMEATAL
Buinpines—the pride «f the Country—-is thus cm-

Proprietor.

veniently situated for those visiting the City on pub-
lic business. But the location is also everythiog
that could be desired a'ike for the man of bus ness
and the man of pleasure. A fewmiuutes walk brings
the guest of the Hotel within reach, not only of :
the principal business resorts, but also of the Most
splendid Mountuin and Valley Scenery fhat can be
seen anywhere, as also of the two almost unrivalled
Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau—and of tue
extevsive Manufacturing Establishments and Depors
ofthe leading Lumbermen. But, besides the beauti-
ful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, includes
the magnificent Ottawa and two ofits grand tributsr-
ies—the Rideau aud the Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes an@appar-
ently never-ending w: oods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting» hat can be ob-
tained cn the Continent
THE Russe. House affords excellent accomodation

for 300 guests ; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and no-
thing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
fortably ‘‘ at home.,

#3" Omnibusses meet the. Arrival ot-
every Train and Boat.

hy

14 THE. CANADA LUMIBERMAN.

DOMINION BELT & HOSE COMP'Y) HT EOOAEIC és esr Me,

JAMS _D. McARTHUR, - Manager. GENERAL WOOD" WORKERS,
MANUFACTURERS OF 18 Sheppard-St. x - Foronto. >
Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting ! gee ae
Fire Engine Hose, Lace, Leather; Stair Newels, Balusters, Hand Rails,
OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER; ETC, ETC. Ramps, Mouldings, Brackets, Fence-pickets,
Stitched and Ribbed Belting Made to Order. and everything requisite for the finishing of Houses, etc.
Double atways in Stock - Send for Samples and Prices.

Gig Sawing, Band Sawing, Shaping, Sticking, Wood Turning, &. &e.,

73. GOLBO RNE. ST., TORONTO: oisdrey cards!

war Patterns furnished and designs drawn for Scrolls and other work. All orders’
sromptly attended to.

MACHINERY OILS!

To Dealers and Consumers.

O sg
EWARTS PATENT DRIVE CHAIN! 3

No Friction, Tension, Stretching’; runs Fast, Slow, Perpendicu'ar, Horizonta or Half Twist.

. A
. ‘
a Socom
pears Se = ry °
_ VE 6 > TANT ee ee
ELLIOTT’S “1880” LACE CUTTER | > o 5 £9
Is the first absolutely perfect tool ever made for cutting all kinds of lac leather either | oa ae x
thick or thin, Lacings of auy length or width may be cut and pointed by the most inex- J on ®
perienced, The price paid for cutting one side of leather wil buy a Cutter with which rs ie) ~
you oan cut just the sized lacings needed for cach particular belt. = 5 6
Price 75 Oents. Sent by mail on receipt of price. Address E ue} fe) ow
WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO.,, Q ae
Brantford, Ontario, Ca nada a4 3 c y m
o— |OgF E<
SOLE AGENTS IN THE DOMINION FOR oa ch re
5B oom

It will give the subscriber much pleasure to forward, post free, to any address ee
pamphlet, oontaining instructions and {information that have been found of the greatest ts
dealers and consumers of pinery oil in Oanada. It contains thé fullest informstion as to the differ
ent kinds of oils, their quslitiés and uses, thus enabling the consumer to make choice of the very oil
best adapted to his wants, and also enables the merchant to select the kinds most a, te be in
demand in his me: iyhborhood, This pamphiet shows conclusively that oils Lag Bags. from
petrol um, are vie tly superior to any anwnel or vegetadle vil. | am now mak e : mame = of

‘Extra” and ‘ XX" oils I manufactured from 1870 to 1878. They are guera
setreme cold, and warranted to give -atisfaction in every particular. Dewars, of Agents Teliciting your er-
lors without vy tratie-marked’ order-book. | Address :

GEO. .B. STOCK, v.

P O. Box 1146, Toronto.

Rca y Nothing Like It Yet Seen

. Best Sawdust Carrier. Best Lumberman’s Ohain. Best Ohain for
Live Rolls. Address

Waterous Engine Works Co., Brantford, Ont., Canada.

SEA0YS.OWN-PAPER

oS = adage Gai

oS

Jesure-Hour

+

ilighest Awards ut

tORONTO, 1880 - Ist Prize and Diploma.
HAMILTON, 1880, - « te
LONDON, : : .

$1 . a nee THE PEARL DRY HOP YEAST

PaR.
FOR «+ SALE + BY «ALL «+ BOOKSELLERS Ready in a moment, and unaffected by time or weather.
ag% Ask your grocer for it or send direct to the factory,
pA SMB I SBS PEARL YEAST Co.

rorowroswceo} | Box 1164, P. O. 39 Front Street Bast, Toronto.

|

THE,CANADA LUMBERMAN. 1!

samc J, NEILL & SO

MIDLAND RAILWAY OF CANADA |

. = : cs)

Whitby, Port Perry & Lindsay) | > |
RAILWAY. . IRON FOUNDERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF

NOTICE TO SHIPPERS.

__ All freight for points on the above roade
should be shipped va the Granp TRUNK
Ratnway, when it will be forwarded by the
shortest route without transhipment and ai
the cheapest rates.

Past Freight Trains Run Through To
Peterborough, Fenelon Falls, Kin-
mount, Minden, Orillia, Lindsay, Hali-
burton,'Midland, and Waubaushene,
connecting with fast steamers for
Parry Sound and Byng Inlet.

For rates, etc., apply to local agents, or t«
A. Wurtz, General Traffic Agent, Peter-

borough.
GEO. A. COX,
Managing Director, M. R. of C.

JAS. HOLDEN,
Managing Director W., P. P., and L. Ry.

Great Western Railway

4OR HAMEL eM

2

TICKFTS to San Francisco aud all Points on the
Pacific Coast, both Overland and by Pacific Mai)
Steamships from New York. Winnipeg and the
North West by all Routes. London, Detroit, Sne-

ension Bridge, and ail the principal points in the
= States, both east and west, with the fullest
information of Routes, with Guides, Time Tables,
Maps, &c., FREE.

SOLE AGENCY FOR THE s
WHITH -TAR LINE,
To Liverpool, Londonderry, Queenstown, Bel- F
§ ve fast and Glasgow. : : J

— 3. W. JONES, Agent, -

3 York Street, Toronto, near Queen’s Hotcl.
OR SALE, INTHE BEAUTIFUL]! - MACHINE RY-

town of Orillia, a very commodious brick house
with out buildings and garden. Terms moderate.
Apply to Editor of LuMBERMAN, Toronto.

yecsenzis Brormers, — /Fpont and Esplanade Streets, Opposite the Queens Hotel, |

Brokers, and general Produce-Proyvision Commis-
sion Merchants, 24 Water Street, Saint Joan N B. é
bie ero References provided. Consignments solici- P. as OF :

. Correspondénee respectfully requested. Returns rE <> & E 4 a
promptly made. fe SE > =

W. R. MACKENZIE. D.G. \ ACKENZIE.

omecaremummesesar — |NATIONAL MANUFACTURING C0.

iP
ss pao ae | 202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

DEPOSIT
OBTAINED IN’79,|| BECOME |

~

Wo, | Amount || Co4™8

$
54,000
1,012 | 1,545,650 81,494 77,650
%7 624] 818,600 18,000 50,400
» 427| 490,000 11,600 50,541
156| 201,500 7,300 81,075
Citizens’, 406, 11,000 50,400
1 29,160

20,554 ||Fire& L.
24,516 ||Fire & L,
21,982 100,343
1,117 ||Fire & L.
6,000 ||Fire & L.
2,000 54,993

809 697,600 57,836 153,909
225 400,600 20,070 110,600
6 38,000 89,057 ||Fire & 3.
20
16
Btar 88
Idy., Lon.

1,386,600}| 181,883 |} 195,000
1,285,500 38,785 105,000
167| 277,850 43,704 115,000
10,830 126,100

, oie the table it must be borne in mind that it relates only to

ibe tated cochipuriig, but Grily tie Ce cadlen bysinaes of the Batiun end men. z Cam Ph ioe. Si Mil
, but only the Cani usiness of the British and Ameri- ) Sportsmen, p meetings, Photographe s. Lawr and Mili-

can Com The Zitna’s total income was $4,350,897 .30 in 1879. tay SERRE CEE, WRN GORE Geeedingtra rool! all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped, mildew

= Of ee of “Policies become claims” in the case of the HTNA proof or plain Prices frem $5 upwards, Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes) made of the best
LIFE, $53, was by the maturity of Endowment Policies—i.e., policies ‘ oe °" silk-finish bunting. CAMP BEDS (Bradiey’s pa-
payable at death or the end of 10, 15 or 20 years if living. In the other 19 com- OPEN FOR USE tent) the best bed ever invented; size when folded,
panies, all combined, only a total of $24,948 of this excellent kind of insurance PSF

2 x6in.; 3 feet long, weighing only 11 pounds, but
strong enough to bear the weight of any man. }
Waterproof waggon and horse covers, tarpaulins,
sheets, coats and leggings of every description,
made to order on the premises. (28 " Special rates
toLumbermen. Send for catalogue and price list to

d in 1879.
was added by the ZTNA LIFE, the past year, to its Govern-
making it oe largest of any Company. and nearly 4 times that
Com: es.
Seo, Rasiding of the TNA LIFE is shewn by its total in-
50,597.30, rare by ite eee eiee stare being nearly N 1
combined premium income 6 whole 9 British Companies, or i i
lesser Arncrican Companies, or that of all the nadia. Com: — Man mfacturinig Co., ;
. This one has been 2 years getting $536,293, while the Aitna’s = 202 Sparks Strect. Ottawa.
from less than $1000 in the past 14 years. - :

a

i
P

i
a

Head Office for Canada—Boustead’s Block, Toronto. ’ =
WILLIAM H. ORR. Winadges. QUEEN'S HOTEL. FoR Be Et GAINS “i
—_— Wo St “= BRACEBRIDGE, =
j n ;
ORILLIA HOUSE. DOMINION HOUSE. JUHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor Fine Watches and Jewellery, .
(late of Georgetown,) having lately purchased
ORILLIA. BRACEBRIDGE. uae above hotel, we endeavor to make it one of CALL AT :
New ani Commodious Brick Builling ; best north , the best houses in the District of Muskoka. Tourists ;

A Toronto; splendid | rhs : centrally A good house ineye y respect. Free bus to and and hunting parties will receive every possible attenc- 5 4
e 5 freebie, Pepe pote | ARON APE V scons tte wharf, Terme, $1 por day. ion. Free *bus to and from the seeatabont wharf, RYRIE 8, the Jeweller, ‘
JOHN KELLY, Proprietor. | R. GILCHRISL, Proprietor. Terms, one dollar per day. 113 gYonge-st., Toronto. ;

ONS a a a

1é THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Dennen — a

BY, Hs DIXON CO]

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

srg BELTING

th Eng ran le.

INSPIRATOR

i: Prize, Provincial Exhibition, - Ottawa, 1875.
“ HE Hamilton, 1876. vawitas
« “ London, 1877. Is ' eed er
“s Industrial Exhibition, - Toronto, 1879. er a best Boiler ~
« « Toronto, 1880.4 in the world. Can be operated while
/ International Medal, Centennial Ex., Philade phia, 1876. % the engine is iS “rest. . All All
< geuuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discoun s. lift water 25 feet at comparatively. high

and low temperature. 9 0"

Si Colborne St, Toronto, jae

me INT
wi 1,700 OF THEM NOW LN USE

PIANOS! | ORGANS! |

Mann fegbtoad ncleeoa by
STEVENS, Ww danse
TURNER,

& BURNS

LONDON, ONTARIO.

%

3

4a Send for circular and Priee List. —

A ‘

¢ & WY windsor HOTEL

| f as CORNER KING & YORK STREETS, TORONTO. ;

HOrt

} K ;
VAAIVEG IN Gelade, AGING
8 Adelaide Street East, Toronto.
| ed
{
ir
| THE CROWNING TRIUMPH OF THE BELL ORGAN |
i The Bell Organs have just reccived the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (GoLp Mepat), at
t" the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year, for their Organs over all the English and
4 American makers. This along with the unlimited awards, prove that =
: avabolaoD
THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.) $150 AND $200 PER /DAY.
ue > i A eisoioM
i re oS oO Pe Ss iD
{ BERS 2 GEORGE : BROWN, Proprietor, a
Q2eo8 = = in Si | eee Hl ane.
| 2 = 5 sealers
{| So 2 Sale
| Peskuy gq
2 Ee/D 3 See
UNWARY \\ Pat Se eles os
ih Kt AN N \N au : =} = 2 5 a :
ic oN FAS ER
pW : ,2fe:3 9
2 i SSS ETT Wes sete oe |
try eu Sim mn COE a Shy ater 4c 3 ES OQ
| La Waddle Ricnenieonht
| : > EU OG rents s * FEL =
Wee et) peer eae
Wie : Ende eae So
; SSE SSS
a CG | ee ee ee ree
he Ue a ie Sano oy eee
| UL ugumessTMUAE ie = f° foe Saeco es
: Bivaiistys Sim oat
SPE ee
H O) eS aa ae
ul rage es. 2
= SS & & & &
co) ST ST
Se eow Gort coe

The Bell Org gan Magutadkony is ; the bareee and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that we
have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the mar ket, We guarentee all our Organs for five Th Q
yeas e Queens Ho @l, iLOFONntO anada
Correspondence inyited, Illustrated catalogue mailed free. n , e
W. BELL & CO., McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.

41 to 47 Eaat Market Square, GUELPH, ONT.! age Patroniaed by Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated according to rooms,

VOL. I.—NO. 7.

TORONTO, ONT., JANUARY 15, 1881.

2 PER ANNUM.

THE CARE OF STEAM BOILERS.

The followiag is from a sheet of instruc-
tions to boiler attendants recently issued by
the Manchester Steam Users’ Association :

Gettine Ure Sream.—Warm the boiler
gredually. Do not get up steam from cold
waterin less than six hours, If possible,
light the fires overnight. Nothing turns a
new boiler into an old one sooner than get-
ting up steam too quickly. It hogs the fur-
nace tubes, leads to grooving, strains the
end plates, and sometimes rips the ring
seams of rivets at the bottom of the shell.

Frrine.— Fire regularly.—After’ firing
open the ventilating grid in the door for a
minute or so. Keep the bars covered right
up to the bridge. Keep as thick a fire as
the quality of the coal will allow. Do not
rouse the fires with arake. Should the coal
cake together, run a slicer ia on top of the
bars and gently break up the burning mass.
It has been found by repeated trials that
under ordinarily fair corditions no smoke
need be made with careful hand firing.

CLEANING Frres AND SLACKING ASHES.—
Clean the fires as often as the clinker renders
it necessaiy, Do notslack the clinkers and
ashes on the flooring plates in front of the
boiler, but draw them directiy into ap iron

barrow and wheel them away.

FEED WATER SuppLy.—Set the feed valve
so as to give a constant supply, and keep the
water up to the height indicated by the wa-
ter level pointer. There is no economy in
keeping a great depth of water over the fur-
nace crowns, while the steam space is
reduced thereby, and thus the boiler render-
ed more liable to prime. Nor is there any
ceonomy in keeping a very little water over
the furnace crowns, while the furnaces are
thereby rendered more liable to be laid
bare.

Guass Water GAUGES AaND FLoats.—
Blow through the test tap at the bottom of
the gruge hourly, as well as through the
tap in the bottom neck, and the tap in the
top neck twice daily. These taps should

be blown through more frequently when the |

water is sedimentary, and whenever the
movemert of tke water in the glass is at all
sluggish. Should either of thoroughfares
become chcked, clean them out with a wire.
Work the floats up and down by hand three
or four times a day to see that they are quite
free. Always test the glass water gauges
and the floats thoroughly the first thing in
the morning before tiring up.

Biow-Ovr Tars anp Scum Tars.— Open
the blow-out tap in the morning before the
engine is started, and at dinner time when
the engine is at rest. Open the scum tap
when the engine is running, before break-
fast, before dinner, and afterdinner. Ifthe
water be sedimentary, run down half an
inch of water at each blowing. If nots edi-
mentary, merely turn the taps round. See
that the water if at the height indicated by
the water level pointer at the time of open-
ing the scumtap. Do not neglect blowing
out for 4 slngle day, even thongh anti-in-
crustation compositions are put into the

Sa¥Fety VAtves.—Lift each safety valve |
by hand in the morning before setting to
work and see that it is tree. If there is a
low water safety valve, test it occa-
sionally by lowering the water level to
see that the valve begins to blow at the
right point, When the boiler is laid off,
examine the float and level to see that they
are free, and that they give the valve the full
rise. If safety valves are allowed to go to
sleep, they may get set fast.

SHORTNESS OF WaTER.—In case the boiler
shouid be found to be short of water, draw |
the fires if practicable, and draw them
quickly, beginning at the front. In some
cases it may be more couvenient to smother
the fires with ashes or with anything else
ready to hand, [If the fires are not drawn
leave the furnace doors open, turn on the
feed, lower tue dampers, shut down the stop
valve if the boiler be one ofa series, and re-
lieve the weight on the safety valves so as
to blow off the steam. Warn passers-by
from the front of the boiler.

Usz or ANTI-INCRUSTATION CoMPOSI-
TIONS.—Do not use any of these without a
thorough knowledge of their effects. It
used never introduce them in heavy charges
at the man. hole, or safety valve, but in
small daily quantites along with the feed
water.

Emptyine THE BortER.—Do not empty
the boiler under steam pressure, but cool 1t
down with the water in; then open the
blow-out tap and let the water pour out, To
quicken the cooling the damper may be left
open, and the steam blown oft through the
safety valves. Do not on any account dash
cold water on to the hot plates, But in
cases of emergency, pour cold water iu be-
fore the hot water is let out, and mix the
two together so as to cool the boiler down
graduaily and generally, and nct suddenly
and locally.

CLEANING Ovr THE BorLER.—Clean out
the boiler at least every two months, and
oftener if the water be sedimentary. Re-
move all the scale and sediment as well as
the flue dust and soot. Show the scale and
sediment to the manager. Pass through the
flues, and see not only that all the soot and
flue dust have been removed, but that the

lates have been well brushed. Also see
whether the flues are damp or dry, and if
damp find out the cause. Further, see that
the thoroughfares in the glass water gauges
and in the blow-out elbow pipes, as well as
the thoroug! fares and the perforations in the
internal feed dispersicn pipe and the scum
pipes are free, Take the feed pipe andscum
troughs out of the boiler if necessary to
clean them thoroughly. ‘Take the taps and
the feed valves to pieces; examine, clean,
and grease them, and if necessary grind
them in with a little fine sand. Examine
the fusible plugs. Do not put any blocks
under the pipes in the hearth pit.

PREPARATION FOR INSPECtION,—Have the
boiler cooled and carefully cleaned out as
explained above. Show both scale and sedi-
ment to the inspector, as well as the old cap
of the fusible plug, and tell him of any de-
fects that may have manifested themselves

in working, or of any repairs or alterations
that may have been made since the last ex-
amination,

Fusiste Puues.—Keep thcse free from
soot on the fire side, and from incrustation
on the water side. Change the fusible met-
al once every year, at the time for preparing
for annual examination.

GENERAL KeEnpPIna oF BoiLeR.—Polish
up the brass and other bright work in the
fittings. Sweep up the flooring plate fre-
quently. Keep waver out of the hearth pit
below the flooring plates. Keep the space
on the top of the boiler free, and brush it
down once or twice a week. Take a pleasure
in keeping the boiler and the boiler house
clean and bright, and in preventing smoke.

— 6 — a

THE BRUSH ELECTRIC LIGHT.

The ancient saw anent the share of milk
obtained by the still suckling seems to b
pretty well borne ont in the progress of the
brush system of electric lighting. A dozen
systems} so-called, have made more noise
and have attracted more newspaper atten-
tion ; but while they are for the most part
still ‘‘ promising,” the Brush system has
been quietly taking possession of the field.
How tar this is due to the superior business
management of the company controlling the
Brusk patent it is impossible to say ; the in-
dications are, however, that the remackable
suc ess of the brush system is mainly due
to the practical genius of Mr. Brush ia meet-
ing the requirements of outdoor or large
room lighting with an efficient generator,
and alamp which is so simple in construction }
so automatically regular in acticn, and so
easy to keep in order, that practical busi-
ness men can afford to use it. Itis perhaps
the least ornamental in appearance of all
lamps, but it gives the light required, and
calls for comparatively little cave. On the
score of economy the users of the ]amp pro-
fess to be well satisfied ; and the rapid and
argely extended adoption of the system,

abread as well as at home, would seem to
justify the favourab’e judgment which those
who have tried the lamp have freely express-
ed with regard to its practical value.

The latest list of prominent users of the
Brush light embraces twenty-five rolling
mills, iron and steel works, machine shops,
car works, and the like; twenty saw mills,
paper mills, oil works, printing houses, and '
other factories and manufacturing establ'sh- °
ments ; twenty woollen, cotton, linen, and
silk factories, several of them employing
over a hundrsd lights each ; a dozen m/nes,
smelting works, ctc., more than a dozen
wholesale and retail stores, using from six
to sixty-four lights: a dozen public parks,
docks, summer resorts, and the like includ-
ing a mile and a half of river front and docks
at Montreal; circuses, colleges, hotels
steamers ; and large numbers of city lights
in San Franciseo, St. Louis, Chicago, Cleve-
land, Detroit, Grand Rapids, and other
cities besides New York and Brooklyn,
where a hundred or more lights are already
inuse, The contracts of the company in

! rapidly and well as by daylight.
' electric light night production is brought up

a thousand lamps ‘by the beginning of the
current yeatg, Wabash, Indiana, claims the
credit of being the first large town to adopt
the el2ctric lamp for general illumination,
four Brush lights, of 3,000 candle power
each, on the court house dome, sufficing for
the outdoor nzeds of the entire town of 10-
000 inhabitants,

The company formed in London to intro-
duce tho Brush light there have already
placed two hundred lights in various parts
of the city, and have ordered from Cleve-
land nearly as many more, contracts having
been signed for the lighting of the Houses
of Par iament, Charing Cross Station, Lud-
gate Hill Station, Blackfriars’ Bridge, St.
Paul’s Churchyard, and other conspicuous
places. Iiven the extremely conservative
British Admiralty has taken kindly to the
Yankee invention, 432 lights have been pnr-
chased for the use of the Royal Navy. Mr.
Brush is now making a 40-light machine (80-
000 candles) designed to throw the entire
current into one huge lamp, which has been
ordered for the British torpedo service. The
carbons for this artificial sun will be as large
as aman’s arm, and the light, when direct-
ed by a projector of corresponding size, will
of itself be a formidable,weapon of defense.
With a proper system of curtains it will be
possible to flash upon an approaching ene-
my asudden glare of light that will be little
less than blinding.

A less imposing but more admirable appli-
cation to this light, and one that is being
rapidly adopted, is in connection with loco-
motive headlights. The generator is oper-
ated by a small engine taking steam from
the boiler and placed opposite the air com-
pressors of the Westinghouse breaks, By
attaching the reflector to the forward truck
the light may be thrown so as to illuminate
the track ahead even when rounding curves.
It is obvious that the same machine which
supplies the headlight will also furnish a
cu: rent for illuminating the cars.

Wherever the electric light has been
brought into competition with gas for light-
ing large rooms or open spaces,*it has given
a. ood account of itself in comparisons of
cost. In very mauy cases, however, any
comparison with gas is out of the question.
With gas itis simply impossible to do cer-
tain kinds of work at night, or to do it as
With the

to tke level of day production. The gain of
one night’s increased production will often
pay the cost of electric lighting for months.
Practical business men are not slow to ap-
preciate advantages of thissort. The ques-
tion with them is how much will the electric
light cost, but can the light be depended on
for steady, uniform, certain operation, with-
out requiring too mnch expert attention?
The ability of the Brush lamp to meet such
prectical requirements would seem to be
the secret of its substantial progress,—
Scientific American.

A sale of over 100,000 feet of lumber was
receutly made at Ottawa to be shipped by

San Francisco called for the erectionof about | way of Brockville.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Under Fire.

A SOLDIER’S SENSATIONS WHEN ENGAGED IN
BATTLE,

Detroit Free Press.)

Whenever you can find a soldier who, un-
der fire, aims low and shoots to make every
bullet wound or kill, you will find fifty who
are nervously throwing away ammunition,
seeming to reason that the reports of their
muskets will check or drive the enemy. And
yet this nervousness need not be wondered
at, for they are playing a game of life and
death.

At Malvern Hill, seventeen soldiers, be-
longing to an Ohio regiment, took cover in a
dry ditch, which answered admirably for a
rifle pit. A Georgia regiment charged this
little band three times, and were three times
driven back, The fire was low and rapid,
and the loss in front of their guns was more
than one hundred killed in ten minutes,
Regiments have been engzged for an hour
without losing over half that number. The
fire of those seventeen was so continuous
that McClellan forwarded a brigade to their
support, believing that an entire regiment
had been cut off,

At Mine Run the writer was just in the
rear of a New York regiment which was
suddenly attacked. A single company of
confedrates, cut off from the regiment and
dodging about to rejoin it, suddenly de-
bouched into a field ani found itself face to
face with the union regiments. Fighting
commenced at once. A regiment fought a
company, both lying down from cover, I
ay so near a third sergeant that I could
touch his heels, and I watched his fire.
Every time he pulled the trigger he elevated
the muzzle of his gun at an angle of forty-
five degrees instead of depressing it for the
enemy lying down. I saw him repeat this
operation fourteen different times. The man
next to him fired as many bullets plump in-
to a stump in his front, and the man on the
othersi de shot into the ground about ten
feet away. Others must have been wasting
bullets about the same way ; but that httle
company was shooting tokill. In that ten
minutes of fighting the New Yorkers suffer-
ed a loss of thirty-six killed and wounded,
and then a bayonet charge doubled them
back and opened a gap for the little band’s
escape. I walked over the ground and
found one dead and one wounded confeder-
ate. Nota gun, blanket, knapsack or can-
teen had been left behind.

Any soldier will no doubt tight better un-
der cover than he will in the open field, but
cover does not always insure good fighting,
At Pittsburgh Landing five thousand union
soldiers skulked under the river bank, safe
from the enemy’s fire, and many of them
threw their guns into the river rather than
fire a shot. Again, at Yellow tavern, five
of Custer’s men, dismounted and lying be-
hind a fence, held five companies of cavalry
at bay for twelve minutes, and killed twen-
ty-four men, and this without getting a
scratch in return.

At Mine Run a union regiment went into
the fight with sixty rounds of ammunition
per man, making a total of perhaps four
thousand bullets, This regiment was placed
to act as a check to any advauce of the «ne-
my ina certain direction. They did not see
thirty confederates during the whole day,
and yet it was twice more supplied with am-
munition, It fired away at least twelve
thousand bullets, and yet only killed two
rebel skirmishers,

One cool man will do more execution with
his musketthan thirty men firing at random.
One must have a will strong enough to
crowd down all emotions, and oblige his
hands to cease trembling at the word. Out
of every regiment, not more than one hun-
dred men were fighters. These shot to kiil.
The others shot at random, and killed only
by accident. Thirty cartridges would last
a good fighter for an all day’s fight. The
ordinary soldier would fire out his sixty in
an hour anda half, and like enough have
his eyes shut half thetime when he pulled
the trigger. A member of the 2d. Michigan
infantry hit the case pretty well at Black-
burn Ford. When the skirmishing began
he counted his cartridges, and said :

‘‘ Just sixty of ’em, and I'll fire three a
minute, and have these fellers licked in just
twenty minutes to a tick!”

ee es

THERE was a fight emminent between two
boys. One of them darkly hinted that he
was bigger than the other. The smaller,
who is the son of a deacon, defiantly re-
torted: ‘I don’t care if you are as big as
a church debt ; you can’t scare me,

Sparrows in a Winter Bath.

Yesterday, during the sunny hour of noon,
says the Hartford ‘‘ Times,” a flock of about
a hundred English sparrows gathered upon
and near a painted tin roof having a pro-
tected southern exposure, where a good deal
of water had collected in the broad flat gut-
ter. The temperature of the surrounding
air was abont six degrees below the freezing
point, and water was evidently a scarce
article, for the eager little birds rushed for
it almost furiously. They dashed in by the
dozen, fluttering their wings and tails, and
sending the shower of water in a spray
round, A doz2n new-comers woul] be ac-
tually fighting for precedence. As fast as
they finished their bath the birds went to
tue upper slope of the roof, noxt the shelter-
ing brick wall of a higher part of the build-
ing, and there spread themselves out in the
sun, like hens shuffling in a warm sand-bath,
spreading out their feathers and turning
themselves first on one and then on the
other side. One sparrow evidently had his
misyivings about taking a plunge into a win-
ter bath; he stood shivering at the edge of
the pool, like an undressed boy on the
river's bank’ when he hesitates to take the
first plunge of the season. Some of his more
venturesome companions tried to push the
bird in, Oae seized him by the tail and
pulled ; another fluttered his wings against
him and tried to crowd him in ; and a third
tried to operate on his head, It was im
vain ; that paaticular bird, though seeming-
ly desirous of a bath, evidently mistrusted
the temperature of the water—or his own
sanitary powers of resistance in these ma-
larial times, and he wouldn’t budge. His
companions, to the number of about sixty,
then gave it up and crowded together in
their selected position of shelter, as closely,
seemingly, as swarming bees, making a
pretty sight. The sozial and greyarious
characteristics of these sparrows are strong-
ly marked, But they fail to find, in this
country, the thatched cottage roofs, and the
wheat and barley ricks, in which they
are so naturally prone to burrow in English
rural districts,

a ee

Lord Beaconsfleld and Thackeray.

Much bitterness, says a London paper, has
been excited in some quarters by Lord Bea-
consfield’s caraciture of Thackeray, whom
the great satirist’s admirers profess to iden-
tify beneath the traits of St. Barbe, the
journalist in ‘‘Endymion.”’ The uncompli-
mentary sketch is thought to be intended as
the ex-premier’s revenge for Thackeray’s
burlesque novel of ‘‘Collingsby.” The
likeness in the case as in all other cases, has
been purposely distorted so as to leave room
for a denial by the noble author that any
portrait was intended; but everybody re-
cognizes the original, Gushy, the rival of
whom St. Barbe is always talking despair-
ingly, is tuken to be Dickens, Lord Beacon-
sfield has undertaken to throw people off the
scent by amalgamating theircharacters—thus
Vivo is made to be a combination of Poole,
the tailor, and of Geo. Hudson, the Sunder-
and railway king, once omnipotent in Eng-
lish society, but who died in comparative
obscurity some years ago. This artitice
however, will not save him from severe at-
tacks by the wrathful friends of Thackeray
and Dickens,

oe a

e
The Cost to France of the War with Ger-
many.

Au astounding statement as to the cost of
the war between France and Germany, and
ot the devastation caused by the Commune,
has appeared in the Keonomiste Francais.
‘he writer, M. de Foville, whose official
position gives him every opportunity of
testing the accuracy of the statement, con-
siders it as being on the whole rather below
than above the truth, and that £600,000,000
sterling would be near the mark, Of this
the indemnity to Germany absorbs £212,-
000,000. If there is anything more wonder-
fulthan the statement itself, it is the rapi-
dity with which France has recovered from
this terrible infliction,

—_—— + ~~ a > . >

AT a negro prayer meeting, one of the
bretheren earnestly prayed that they might
be preserved from what he called their
‘‘upsettin’ sins.” ‘‘Brudder,” said one of
the elders, ‘‘ yer hain’t ’zactly got de hang
ob dat ar word. It’s besettin’—not upset-
tin.” ‘ Brudder,” replied the corrected,
“ef dat’s so, it's so; but I was prayin’ de
Lawd ter sabe us from de sin of ’toxication,
an’ ef dat ain’t a upsettin’ sin, I dunno,”

Remarkable Remedies.

(From Chambers’s Journal,)

Sir Walter Scott’s piper, John Bruce,
spent a whole Sunday selecting 12 stones
from 12 south-running streams, with the
purpose that his sick master might sleep
upon them and become whole. Scott was
not the man to hurt the honest fellow’s feel-
ings by ridiculing the notion of such a reme-
dy proving of avail; so he caused Bruce to
be told that the receipt was infallible ; but
that it was absolutely necessary to success
that the stones should be wrapped in the
petticoat of a widow who had never wished
to marry again; upon learning which the
Highlander renounced all hope of complet-
ing thecharm. Lady Duff Gordon once gave
an old Egyptian woman a powder wrapped
in a fragment of the Saturday Review. She
came again to assure her benefactress the
charm was a wonderfully powerful one; for
although she had not been able to wash off
all the fine writing from the paper, even
that little had done her a great deal of good.
She would have made an excellent subject
tur a Llama doctor, who, if he does not hap-
pen to have avy medicine handy, writes the
name of the remedy he would administer ou
a scrap of paper, moistens it with his mouth,
rolls it up in the form of a pill, which the
patient tosses down his throat. In default
of paper, the name of the drug is chalked on
a board, and washed off again with water,
which serves as a healing draught, These
casy-going practitioners might probably cite
plenty of instances of the efficiency of their
method, Dr. John Brown, of Edinburgh,
once gave a labourer a prescription, saying :
‘*Take that, and come back in a fortnight,
when you will be well.” Obedient to the
injunction, the patient presented himself at
the fortnight’s end, with a clean tongue and
a happy face. Proud of the fulfilment of
his promise, Dr. Brown said: ‘‘ Let me see
what I gave you.” ‘‘Oh,” answered the
man, “I took it, Doctor.” ‘‘ Yes, I know
you did ; but where is the prescription?”
‘*T swallowed it,” was the reply. The pa-
tient had made a pill of the paper, and faith
in his physician’s skill had done the rest.
Faith is a rare wonder-worker, Strong in
the belief that every Frank is a doctor, an
old Arab, who had been partially blind from
birth, pestered an English traveler into giv-
ing him a seidlitz powder and some poma-
tum. Next day the chief declared that he
could see better than he had done for 20
years,

—

Prince Gortschakof..

** Among the celebrities in Baden-Baden,”
says a correspondent, ‘‘ that I see promen-
ading nearly every hour in the day, perhaps
there is none more noted or that has a more
world-wide reputation than Prince Gorts-
chakoff, who was so long the Imperial
Chancellor of Russia, and who for many
years controlled a greater influence on Eur-
opean politics than any other man living.
He also is passing into the sere and yellow
leaf. He is upward of 80, and his silver
locks and tottering step give evidence that
he is nearly ready for the great harvest r of
all. Old age has unfitted him for further
use or influence in the Russian Cabinet, and
he is like an old war horse that has been
discarded from active duty after years of
hard work in his country’s service. He
spends the summer months in Baden-Baden
and the winters in Southern Francej or
Italy, having ignored Russia as a place of
residence. Report says that his mind has
become weak and childish, and that he con-
stantly mourns over the ingratitude of his
country in not reinstating him in power as
in days gone by.”

er

Somer Reasons FoR DRINKING.—An illus-
tration of fertility of resource is recounted,
we think by Dean Ramsay, in the story of
ihe dying rustic who ‘‘speered” at the
parish minister if there would be any whisky
in heaven. On being rebuked for this mun-
dane anxiety and irreverent curiosity,
Sandy replied in self-exeuse: ‘‘That it
wasna because he wad tak ony if it were
offered him, but jist in respeck that it wad
look weel on the table.’”” We have not for-
gotten that Highland teetotaler who was
found drinking the mountain-dew at his
breakfast in some wayside inn where he
thought he would not be known. ‘‘Och,
Donald, and we thocht ye were an abstainer!”
exclaimed a Deacon who happened to look
in quite unexpectedly. ‘‘And so I am,”
replied the detected culprit, who scorned to
suggest that his beverage was only toast-
and-water—‘‘so I am; but ye ken, my
frien’, I am no a bigoted ane,”

Trish Titles.

The intelligent foreigner surely be
excused if he owns himself fairly tpomilliees
ed and perplexed to find a key to the full
meaning of half the abbreviations of titles
and dignities he comes across in the news-

per any one morning in the week, But in
aa the problem is still more vexed and
involved than itis here. The habit of pub-
lishing a man’s titles to distinction or re-
spectability is carried to far greater lengths
there than it is on this side of St. George’s
Channel ; and there must be many cabalistic
letters crowded in close succession after an
Irishman’s name which must be wholly un-
intelligible to the ordinary lishman. He
a anieaee the ape a3 and D.

, although the social position a magis-
trate or a Deputy Lieutenant is not habitu-
ally advertise1 with us an all occasions; but
he may not that know P. L. G. stands for
Poor Lady Guardian—an official of some
importance in the present day in Ireland—
or that T. C. is a handle that may be equal-
ly worn by a member of Trinity College,
Dublin, and a Town councillor. The latter,
however, would consider himslf serious]
ill-used if it were not given him on all occa-
-ions ; and so would a member of the
Irish Academy if the letters **M. R. L A.”
were not alae rw. —— name. At
a very early peri atholic clergymen
adopted the letters ‘‘C. C.” (Catholic Cu-
rate), and ‘‘P, P.” (Parish Priest, in order
to distinguish themselves from the heretical
ministers of the once Established Church ;
while ‘‘ R. M.” in Ireland does not stand for
Royal Marines, but is used to separate the
resident magistrate—answering to the sti-
pondiary magistrate of our great towns—
from the army of the *‘ great — The
curious depreciation of things Irish which
characterizes even the ‘‘ National” Irishman
a to swell Ta fthe BoyalCollene
verbal puzzles, a member of the
of Veterinary Surgeons of England being anx-
ious to let every one know that he did not get
his diploma in Dublin. And so this rage
for some letter after the surname bites men
of all ranks and all ages, and the humblest
Irishman who has not been be-lettered while
living may safely counton ‘‘ R. I, P,” being
penciled on his tombstone.

Married in Defiance of the Court.

(From the London Telegraph.)

Indulgent public opinion might have re-
corded a unanimous verdict of acquittal in
the case of the audacicus young man who
took upon himself to ran away with and
marry a ward in Chancery, had it not been
for the very reprehensible course he thought
fit to adopt in misrepresenting the young
lady’s age to the clergyman who sealed the
nuptial bond. She was 22, he averred,
whereas she turned out to be only 19; and,
toadd to the enormity of his offense, he
further represented himself to have slept for
three weeks in a parish which he had, as a
fact, only honoured by a perfune sojourn
of asingle night. As Vice-Chancellor Mal-
ins pointed out, there is a lamentable laxity
about a system which enables two roman-
tic young people, neither of them t
legal infancy, to get married by ing
false declarations of age, with no further
questions asked. In the case of Mr. Metz-
gar, who perpetrated this particular fraud
upon the cleric, he had been previously pro-
hibited by the Court of Chancery from hold-
ing any communication whatever with the
object of his affections ; so when he delibe:-
ately carried her off and married her, his
conduct may have had a touch of romance
about it, but it was quite certain to receive
punishment. The marriage is now valid,
but the unfortunate brid m is in prison,
a victim to the offended dignity of the Court
of Chancery aud only aiter a period of j:il
discipline and the humblest apologies is
there any chance ef his being li lt

is quite right that the Chan Judges
should keep a very sharp eye on the doin.s
of infants, as they are the official ians
of all minors in the country, as as those

who, by virtue of their fortunes, are in the
peculiar condition ot ‘* Wards of Court ;”
but it may be hoped that the amorours des-
ration which has landed the unfortunate
ridegroom in a jail will carry him cheer-
fully throngh his confinement, and restore
him afterward—a wiser, if a sadder mas—
to the society of his ill-won bride.

Ir is the confession of a widower who has
been thrice married that the first wife cures
a man’s romance ; the second teaches him
eee third makes him a philoso-

er,

The Knight of Ravenscrag.

The “‘ The Celebrity at Home” Shetch
of Sir Hugh Allan.

James street, Liverpool, the broad
thoroughfare leading from St. George’s
Church to the docks, is a street among
streets. From earliest dawn lorries laden
with huge bales of cotton or larger hogs-
heads of sugar, light carts with their Irish
drivers indispensable to the seaport but the
terror of its inhabitants, and the four-wheeler
with Jack ashore, and ‘‘his cousins and his
aunts ” toil up, or rather down, it. On the
one side are grim and many-storied ware-
houses ; on the other less impressive host-
leries much affected by master mariners.
Of the former, the central and principal
building presents the facade of an Italian
palace pierced with five windows on either
side of the granite pillared entrance. This
is the counting house of the ‘* Allan Line,”
a name <s familiar in Liverpool as the land-
ing stage or the Town dal], and to the
Canadian more than a household word, since
it represents the link that binds the Domin-
ion to the Mother Country. And itis some-
thing more than name. Modest in its
origin, starting with two vessels only, and
at one time threatened with extinction
through unparallelled misfortune. The Allan
Line of steamships rivals in importance the
Cunard or the Peninsuiar and Oriental, and
differs from these companies in being the
largest and finest fleet that is retained in
private hands. It belongs entirely to the
firm of Allan Brothers & Co., and hays feed-
ers in its completement of sailing clippers,
and in the connecting lines of railways and
of lake navigaiton, the control of which
centres in the same hands. It possesses, too,
areputation for comfort and safety which
induces many travellers to give it the pre-
ference as a route to the States. Its aim,
however, is to benefit the Dominion, and
thus it comes about that the names of Canada
and the Allan Line are inseparable.

This vast carrying trade, like all other
successful enterprises, has one directing
genius. A man who does not obtrude him-
self on the public, yet unmistakably a man
in a thousand and a man of the times, is
Sir Hugh Allan, the founder of the line, and
the head of the firm. He is at once the
richest and most influential citizens of his
adopted country, for Sir Hugh is, of course,
a Scotchman, typically sagacious and in-
domitable. Within a year of the allotted
span there is about him the unmistakable
air of power. Age hasscarcely impaired the
elasticity and vigour of the massive frame ;
it has but emphasized the resolution express-
ed in the lines of the face. Physical power
and mental capacity—this is the combina-
tion, rare as it 1s admirable.

Like all men who have seen the world,
Sir Huge is a practical cosmopolitan, as much
at his ease in the Grand Hotel at Charing
Cross, or in the Liverpool offices, as in the
streets of Montreal, and thinking as little
of a run across the Atlantic as a Londoner
does of a trip to Brighton. Nevertheless
there is something in the tone of the greet-
ing which meets you on the broad terrace
overlooking the mighty St. Lawrence that
says unmistakably, ‘‘ Here 1 am at home.”

“« Ravenscrag,” a massive pile of roughly
hewn granite, rises boldly from the side of
the Royal Mountain which gives the city its
name. The walls are of enormous ‘thick-
ness, and well calculated to withstand the
extremes of temperature incidental to the
climate. Its twelve acres of garden and
shrubbery are surrounded by the celebrated
Park of Montreal. The view from the

woods is often the scene of triumphs in
dress,
“boast of the colony that the “Blue noses,”

THE CANADA

air of quiet comiort, is the room of the
house. Here, after the day’s toil, Sir Hugh
spends a couple of hours in relaxation, a
game of whist with some of the members of
his family—his children number a round
dozen—or with the chance visitor. It is,
too, the scene of work as well as play, for it
has been for years Sir Hugh’s invariably
custom to return to his sanctum when the
household has retired for some hours of
steady, hard work, writing reports for some
of the numerous companies over which he
presides, scrutinizing the statements of man-
agers, or sketching the possibilities of some
new enterprise. To aman of his calibre,
who is the motive power in everything with
which he is connected, such labour is enjoy-
ment only to be eclipsed by his delight in
exploring some unknown bay, or in speeding
on his yacht through the blue waves of Lake
Magog.

“ Belmere,” the country house used by the
family during the hot summer months, is on
the edge of this sheet of water—one of the
prettiest on the continent—the mountains
rising around it to the height of four thou-
sand feet, its surface lively with minature
flotillas of steam and sailing yachts, canoes
and boats in constant demand for acquatic
diversions. It was here that Sir Huyh
received the Duke of Connaught when His
Royal Highness was with his regiment in
Canada, The lake, which is thirty miles in
length, is neutral ground, lying partly in the
Dominion and partly in the States, the
bouadary line running across its centre.

As a host Sir Hugh is cordial without el-
lusion. He has his peculiarities which,
however, are not allowed to interfere with
the comfort of his guests. He has never
smoked, he has wisely eschewed spirits al-
together until quite recently, when he has
been obliged to takea little for his health’s
sake, Fond of cards, he has never risked
more than a shilling on any game of chance
in his life. Yet he spends his money with
an open hand, and is generous and discreet
in gifts. He possesses in a remarkable de-
gree the faculty of throwing off all business
cares when his work is done, and avows that
even in the most harrassing times he has
never allowed mental worry to rob him of
an hour’s sleep. His conversation aims at
being sensible rather than brilliant. One
who has seen and done much cannot speak
without speaking well. There is a charm,
too, in his manly accents which only reach
enthusiasm when, Colonist to the backbone
as he is, he talks of ‘‘the land of browu
heath and shaggy wood.”

When on the first ot May, fifty-four years
ago, the self-possessed Ayshire lad stood
on the deck of the vesssel which was towed
to the bauk—in those days Montreal did not
possess a wharf—by a small tug aided by a
team of oxen, he had no prevision that he
was to be the chief agent in making the spot
prosperous and busy. He had no thought
of the great warehouses and steamships, the
crowded wharves, all his own, which have
grown up as if by enchantment. The lad’s
ambition rose no higher than to own a ship
and command it, as his father had done be-
fore him. Yet his carver was fixed. He
was destined to create, and to maintain
what he created. D.fliculty could not deter
him. He accepted what work he could get,
and stayed in the new country until he was
of age; then he came home and arrauged
with his brothers a plan of concerted opera-
tions. With this end in view he returned
to his adopted home, became a clerk in a
shipping-house, rose to be a partner, and
then started for himself as a ship-owner and
ship-builder. After several unsuccessful
attempts to interest the Government on the
project, Mr. Allan’s firm at length obtained
the contract for a line of steamers between
Great Britain and Canada, and the ‘‘ Allan
Line” spraug into existgnce. At one time
it appeared as though fate were against
them. Ship after ship was wrecked. His
brothers lost heart, but not so Sir Hugh
himself, ‘‘ Providence,” he affirmed, ‘‘ has
not a special grudge against any honest cn-
terprise, nor does it show it by bringing des-
truction upon innocent people. The fault
is in ourselves in some disregard of nature’s
law. Itis we who must find out what’s
amiss, and set it right.” And he set to
work. He traced the cause to the naviga-
tion at a high rate of speed of a dangerous
gulf only partially surveyed and badly
lighted, e induced the Government to
grant an extension of the time for the per-
formance of the voyage, and the danger dis-
appeared, the ‘‘ Allan Line” being to-day
as celebrated for its safety as for its regu-
larity. .

But Sir Hugh Allan has not been content
with success in the home sphere of business.
Enterprises of all kinds connected with the

LUMBERMAN.

colony receive his support, ul are Girected
by his experience. Besiies owning the
principal share in his trans-Atlantic fleet, he
is the President and chief shareholder of the
Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company,
and practically the sole proprietor of the
Halifax and Cape Breton Rally: con-
structed at a cost of nearly a million ster-
ling, and of the greater part of the coal
fields of Nova Scotia. He is founder and
president of the Montreel Telegraph Co.,
and founder and a director of the Merchants’
Bank of Canada; one of the largest share-
holders in the Pullman Palace Car Company,
and director of any number of other com-
panies, including insurance, cotton, woolen,
and rolling mills, India rubber and tobacco
manufactories, and the owner of gold, silver,
and copper mines.

But though he might rightly be called the
greatest all-round merchant in the world,
Sir Hugh’s chief claim to public confidence
is his absolute indentification of his own in-
terest with those of the Dominion, The one
passport necessary to abtain a hearing from
him is the statement that the proposal in-
tends to benefit his adopted country. He
has provided Montreal with a theatre, a
magnificent concert hall, and assembly
rooms, He has done more for the material
progress of Canada than any other ten men.
There is not an industry in the couuntry to
which he has not at one time or another leut
both brains and capital, often when the
prospects ef a return have been remote, and
of all his immense fortune not a penny is
invested outside the Dominion except in
enterprises intimately connected with it.
Throughout his long career, far from abus-
ing ihe enormous trusts imposed upon him,
he has rigidly set his face against wire-pull-
ing or speculation on the part of his fellow-
directors. He has never let any petty or
personal desire interfere with what he con-
siders his duty. He marks out his course
and follows it with little, perhaps too little,
regard for the opinion of the public—for an
attitude of the kind is not conciliatory, and
in putting down incipient commercial
wrong-doing with a strong hand he has not
failed to make enemies, ever afterwards
anxious to spy a crevice in the proof armour
of his honesty.

But it is not necessary, for the just-
ness of his action is now universally recog-
nized. His massive intellect, his massive
business capanity, and his iron will have
ever been at the service of his fellow-citizens,
and they know it. In his success he invites
comparison with the great millionaires of
the neighbouring States, but with this differ-
ence, it has been gradual and steady, and
independent ot lucky hits or ingenious con-
cerning. He isin this way an admirable
representative British colonist of whom the
Yankees themselves would say, ‘‘If any
man living can beat his record send him
along.”

Oe

Snow Bound on the Plains.

TRAVELLERS CAUGHT IN THE FIERCEST 0C-
TOBER STORM EVER KNOWN IN NEBRAS-
KA,

(From the Worcester Spy).

We pitched our tents carelessly, intending
to take an early start the next morning.
But, alas, for our expectations! During the
night a strong wind set in from the north-
west, and about 4 A.M. it began to snow.
None of us could judge weil of weather indi-
cations in Nebraska, and our guide did not
suspect anything serious, for the oldest in-
habitant could not expect a blizzard in Oc-
tober, and it was now only the 15th of the
month. The guide thought, and the drivers
believed, that the storm would cease at 12
M., and we, of course, trusted to their judg-
ment. But, instead, the storm grew fiercer,
the snow fell more aapidly, and the north-
west gale increased in fury. Before night
so much snow had fallen that if it had lain
as it fell it would have been at least one foot
deep, but now it had been piled into drifts
so that our mules stood with their feet
nearly as high as the wagon tops, and the
stove and furniture in our cook’s tent were
completely hidden from view.

The night shut in upen us gloomy and aw-
ful. We had two light canvas tents, in
each of which slept four men, with just
blankets enough to keep them comfortable
in ordinary weather. But now we must
provide for the guide, two drivers, and a
porter, who had usually slept in the wagons,
and, as they were slimly provided with
clothing, we must share our stock with
them. There was but little sleepin the

tent that night, the cold was intense, and

the wind was so terrible in ite cff-cte that
we feared every moment the lager tent
would fail, though we had strengthened it
by cords in every conceivable way. With
the morning light it seemed as if all the
spirits of the air were let loose, and all
day long the storm roared with ever-in-
creasing fury. The snow had #0 beaten
in that when we awoke we found our-
selves buried beneath it, and now we were
obliged to gather all our bedding into the
middle of the tent to keep it from being
wet through. No man could long endure
the storm outside, and we stood huddled
together from morning till night, stamping
our feet to keep from suffering. Even then
we could not keep comfortable. For hours
together we stood with our backe braced
up against the tent to keep it from giving
way under the great weight of the snow and
the terrific force of the gale. I know of no
language which can be used to convey to
any person inexperienced in such a time any
adequate conception of the fury of the storm,
During the second day we succeeded in
digging our little stove out of the snow-
drift, and, setting it at the entrance of our
tent, we managed to keep a little fire
through the rest of the day and night. But
our store of wood was very small, and there
was no more to be had within we knew not
how many miles. The other tent’s company
had nostove and no fire. During the second
night of the storm it was impossible that all
should sleep at oace, even if they could
sleep despite the cold, for what with the
stove on one side and all our provisions
brought infrom the wagons on the other,
there was not room for all to liedown. Be-
sides, it was necessary to keep the fire going
lest we might all perish together. So we
stood bending over the stove all night, two
at a time, while the others tried to sleep.
It was an awful night. To add to our anx-
iety, the guide and drivers declared that
the horses and mules were likely to perish.
They were a pitiful sight, indeed. Two of
them had no blankets, and the others were
little better off. At times it was difficult to
conceive that the creatures before us were
horses, so literally covered were they with a
coating of ice. After two days and two
nights the storm ceased.

It was now Sunday morning. We knew
not where we were, and we doubted if the
guide had more definite knowledge than we.
Every man was desperate. Some declared
it dangerous to attempt to move through
the snow, and that our only safe course was
to remain, and in case of necessity, use the
wagons for fuel and the horses for food.
Others declared their purpose to move at all
hazards, and without delay. Finally we
determined to move. We threw away all
luggage that could be dispensed with, and
n grim silence started in the direction which
we thought would bring us to the nearest
hut. It was difficult travelling through the
drifted snow, and it was bitterly cold. But
all day long we pushed on, never stopping
to feed a horse, breaking through the drifts
with our ponies so that the teams could
low, till about 5 p. m., when we came in
sight of haystacks, in the vicinity of which
we knew there must be a ranchman’s hat.
I never saw a happier set of men than were
these when it became certain that what
they saw were haystacks, and not the terri-
bie sand hills which had so often deceived
us during the day. Grave men, merchants
of Worcester, swung their hats aloft and
shouted for joy. It had been a march for
life.

——qGI+ ~~ _{__

The Utilizing of the Tides.

A Philadelphia engineer has invented, it
is claimed, a machine by which the power
of the tides can be utilized. Numerous
plans have been proposed for the accom-
plishment of this most desirable end, but
only under exceptional conditions have they
been practical or economical, If the new
device can harness the tide in an open chan-
nel, so as to convert any considerable por-
tion of the vast power into working force,
the inventor will rank among the great bene-
factors of humanity. Emerson says some-
where : Hitch your wagon toastar. A de-
vice for utilizing mechanically the free tides,
as they sweep along our shores, would come
next to that, since it would enable as,
through converters and carriers of electrici-
ty, to hitch our wagons to the sun and
moon.

An exchange says : ‘‘ Streams all over the
country are running dry.” This a a canard,
When a stream is dry it can’t rup.”

A Hamilton man with an ingrowing nail,
chopped his toe off. This remedy never
fails, For sale at all hardware stores, Be-
ware of imitations,

SS.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

MICHIGAN SAW MILLS.

The following items will show what our
neighbors in Michigan have been doing last
season :—

William Buckley, Chase, has cut 1,000,000
feet.

C, R. Twichell, Maple Hili, made 17,822
shingles,

J. E. White, Pentwater, reports 3,000,000
shingles,

J. & J. Ratz, Reed City, report a cut of
800,000 feet.

Closson & Gilbert, Manton, have cut 3,-
800,000 feet.

John Beardon, Midland, has made 6,000, -
000 shingles.

J. M. Weatherwax, Stanton, reports 4,-
750,000 feet.

Henry Stephens & Co., St. Helens, have
cut 7,000,000 feet.

M. S. Lockerly, Sand Lake, has made
8,000,000 shingles.

J. R. Borst’s mill, Cedar Springs, has out
13,500,000 shingles,

E. A, Foster & Co,, Ludington, turned out
20,864,000 shingles.

Morris & Richards, Breckenridge, have
cut 800,000 shingles,

R. Peacock, Bay de Noquette, has cut
5,000,000 feet of lumber,

E. 8. Briggs & Brother, Vicksburg, report
185,000 feet of hardwood,

E, Shay, Haring, reports 5,000,000 feet
cut, and all of it on hand.

J. H. Nyman, Bangor, who does custom
work, has cut 100,000 feet.

J. Miller Raub’s mill, Chase, has turned
out 2,000,000 feet of lumber.

Taber & Hopkins, Rockford, cut 1,700,000
feet of lumber, 300,000 pickets.

Ramsay & Jones’ mill, Menominee, has
cut 9,000,000 feet, 1,800,000 lath.

J. E. Nelson, Cedar Springs, has cut 1,-
000,000 feet, 14,500,000 shingles,

C. Pelton, Cedar Springs, cut 9,000,000
shingles, and has 300,000 on hand.

A. B, Wiser, Birch Run, has cut 840,000
shingles, and has 18,000 on hand.

J. & F, L, Post’s mill, built the past fall
at Clare, has cut 500,000 shingles,

F. W. Gilchrist, Alpena, has cut 15,000,-
000 feet of lumber, 3,594,000 lath.

Baker & Murray, Big Rapids, have cut 4,-
000,000 feet, and 8,000,000 shingles.

A. K. Moyer & Co., Cadillac, report 10,-
000,000 feet, with 7,000,000 on hand.

Dewy & Stewart, Owassa, cut 7,500 feet
of pine and 31,000 feet of hardwood.

William Steinberg, Twin Lake, 1,400,000
feet of pine and 50,000 feet of hardwood.

Bond & Keysor, Bond’s Mills, have cut
9,500,000 feet of lumber and 380,000 lath.

W. Young & Co., Cheboygan, have cut
1,500,000 feet, and have 1,000,000 on hand.

F, & K. Haertel, Centralia, have cut 100,-
000 feet of hardwood and 3,000,000 shingles,

Cobbs & Mitchell, Cadillac, report 14,-
718,836 feet of lumber and 500,000 bed slats,

C. W. Dunning & Cc., Twin Lake, have
ae 700,000 feet of lumber and 80,000 shing-
es,

Oliver, Belknap & Green, Greenville, re-
port 3,000,000 feet of lumber and 200,000
ath.

William Broadwell, Bangor, has cut 1,200,-

000 feet of hardwood, and has 200,000 on
hand.

J. W. Young, Farewell, has cut 7,000,000
feet of pine and has 2,000,000 foet on
hand.

Morris & Stebbins, Mears, have cut
6,000,000 shingles and have 250,000 on
hand.

C. H. Forman, Forman, has cut 3,-
000,000 feet of lumber, 500,000 feet on
hand,

Gerrish & Diggins, Hersey, hav made 21,-
ped a shingles, 2,000,000 of which are on
and.

A Gilbert, Stanton, has cut 680,000
aay fumber and has 250,000 feet of it on
and.

C. N. Storrs, Muskegon, has cut 9,000,-
000 feet of pine and 1,000,000 feet of hard-
wood.

F. S. Farr, Muskegon, cut 28,000,000 feet
of lumber, 4,300,000 lath and 1,022,000
pickets.

D. W, Lewis & Co., Manistee, have cut

100,000 feet, 20,000 on hand, and 35,000,000
shingles.

A. B. Long & Son, Grand Rapids, have
cut 11,000,000 feet of lumber, 4,500,000
shingles. |

C. H. Hackley & Co., Muskegon, report
30,173,962 feet cut, 8,000,000 lath, 35,000
pickets.

James Gibson, Fremont Center, has cut
125,000 sets of heading and 5,000,000
shingles,

L. H. Withey & Co., Grand Rapids, have
cut 4,000,000 feet, and have 2,700,000 feet
on hand.

Smith & Field, Spring Lake, have cut
3,000,000 feet of pine and 100,000 feet of
hardwood. .

F. N. Wright & Co., Greenville, have cut |
3,000,000 feet of lumber, 3,000,000 shingles,
1,500,000.

George J. Quimby, Grand Rapids, has cut
1,500,000 feet of lumber, and has on hand
600,000 feet.

C. C. Comstock, Grand Rapids, has cut
7,500,000 feet of lumber, and has 3,000,000
feet on hand,

C. A. Hawley, Shelby, has cut 1,200,000
feet oi hardwood, and has 100,000 feet of it
on ha id,

Geo. N. Lee, Delta, manufacturer of
handles and oars, has cut 600,000 feet of
hardwood.

McCoy & Ayer, Cadillac, cut 10,000,000
feet, 4,500,000 on hand ; 926,550 lath, 450, -
000 on hand.

Charles Beaudry & Co., Muskegon, cut
13,000,000 feet of lumber, 1,600,000 lath and
400,000 pickets.

W. H. Biglow & Co., Muskegon, have cut
14,702,000 feet of lumber, 15,000,000 lath,
160,000 pickets.

Swan, White & Smith, Muskegon, cut
21,000 Of0 feet of lumber, 3,250,000 lath and
116,000 pickets.

R. Whitman, James Redmond, agent,
Stanton, has cut 3,000,000 feet of lumber,
all of it on hand.

Herbert, Thomas & Co., Chase, have
cut 2,500,000 feet of lumber, nearly all of
which is on hand.

Freed Brothers, Stanton, report 100,000
feet cut, 20,000 on han 1; 5,000,000 shingles
400,000 on hand,

W. Bishop, Shiloh, has cut 1,000,000 feet
of pine, 300,000 of hardwood, and has 100,-
000 feet on hand,

G. A. Wagnar, Mears, seports 2,500,000
feet of pine, 500,000 feet of hardwood and
4,000,000 shingles,

W. H. & HE. K. Potter, Alpena, report
10,000,000 feet of lumber, 10,000,000 shing-
lez, 2,000,000 lath.

D. D. Davie Trufant, has eut 300,000
feet of pine, 100,000 feet of hardwood and
3,500,000 shingles,

A, C. Fisher & Son, Coral, report 1,000,-
000 feet of pine, 50,000 feet of hardwood
and 50,000 shingles.

N. A. Cobb, Ashton, has cut 600,000 feet
of p ne, 100,000 feet of hardwood, and has
150,000 feet on hand.

Higbee & Hugh, Morley, have cut 2,500,-
000 feet of pine, 200,000 feet of hardwood,
and 150,000 shingles.

W. H. Thompson, Kalkaska, has cut 4,-
500,000 feet of lumber, 1,500,000 on hand,
and 500,000 shingles.

F. G, Kendric, Birch Run, has cut 902,-
786 feet of pine, 104,742 feet of hardwood
and 500,000 shingles.

The Pere Marquette Lumber Company,
Ludington, report 9,056,664 feet cut, and
4,000,000 feet on hand.

Wilson Brothers & Miller, Evart, report
200,000 feet of pine, 25,000 feet of hardwood
and 200,000 shingles.

White Brothers & Uo., Colby, report 1,-
200,000 feet of pine, 50,000 feet of hardwood
and 1,400,000 shingles,

Sawyer, Goodman & Co., Menominee, re-
port 4,200,000 feet of lumber, 4,800,000
shingles aud 402,000 lath.

Bennett & Barnard, Colwell, have cut
8,000,000 feet of pine, 50,000 feet of hard-
wood and 3,000,000 lath.

A. V. Mann & Co., Muskegon, has cut 23, -
372,185 feet, 3,627,600 on hand; 6,221,000
pickets, 880,400 on hand.

Charles Mears, Whitehall, has cut 800,000
feet of pine, 500,000 feet of hardwood, and
has 800,000 feet on hand.

J. 8. Minor, Alvena, have cut 12,500,000

feet of lumber, 1,250,000 on hand ; 2,200,-
000 lath, 350,000 on hand

H. D. Churchill, Alpena, has cut 12 755,-
675 feet of lumber, 3,550,000 on hand ; 4,045, -
550 lath, 425,000 on hand.

E. P. Hayes, Woodville, has cut 5,000,-
000 feet, 2,000,000 on hand; 9
shingles, 250,000 on hand.

G. L. Dean, Sheridan, has eut 500,000
feet of pine, 100,000 feet of hardwood, and
has 150,000 feet on hand.

Hannah, Lay & Co.’s mill, Traverse City,
has made a cut of 18,183,400 feet, of which
7,000,000 are in the yard,

James Gowen, Gowen, has cut 3,000,000
feet of lumber, 3,500,000 on hand, 725,000
shingles, 250 000 on hand.

Smith Brothers, Cheboygan, have cut 6,-
673,653 feet of Jumber, 1,250,375 shingles,
2,070,950 lath, 940 pickets.

Henry Stephens’ mills, at Stephens, have
cut 25,000,000 feet of lumber, 5,000,000
shingles and 5,000 000 lath.

George E, Dewey, Shelby, has cut 80,000
feet of pine and 338,000 feet of hardwood.
He has 50,000 feet on hand.

The Stronach, Lumber Company have cut
11,300,000 feet of pine, 75,000 feet of hard-
wood and 268,000 shingles.

George W. Roby & Co., Ludington, have
cut 17,586,832 feet of pine, 50,000 feet of
hardwood and 2,693,050 lath.

W. Batcheler; Grand Haven, has cut at
his mill, at Spring lake, 7,000,000 feet,
5,000,000 of which is on hand,

Bellows Brothers’ mill, Frankfort, closed
down with a cut of 1,300,000 feet of pine
and 200,000 feet of hardwood.

Sands & Maxwell, Pentwater, have cut
5,000,000 feet of pine, 2 000,000 feet of hard-
wood, and 15,000.000 shingles.

R. W. Bellamy & Co., Hersey, cut 1,000,-
000 feet of pine, 500,000 feet of hardwood,
and have 100,000 feet on hand.

Raymond & Duming’s mill, Evart, cut
500,000 shingles. The mill burned Sept.7,
and will not be rebuilt at that point.

George N. Stray, trastee, Ludington, in-
forms us that his mill has cut 19,183,801
feet, and he has 500,000 feet on hand.

Covell, Ocobock & Co.’s_ shingle-mill,
Whitehall, Mich., has cut 28,245,000 shing-
les, and there are 3,000,000 on hand.

Johnson & Link, Cedar Springs, have cut
3,000,000 feet of pine, 200,000 feet of hard-
wood, 1,000,000 lath and 5,000 pickets.

Hartt, Ware & Horning, Woodviile, have
cut 8,000,000 fcet, 3,500,000 on hand, They
have also at their mill 1,000,000 lath.

James Campbell, Westwood, reports 1,-
200,000 feet of pine, 250,000 feet of hard-
wood, 300,000 shingles and 250,000 lath.

The Deer Lake Company, Ishpeming,
have cut 2,780,976 feet of lumber, 524,000
shingles, 199,000 lath and 30,000 pickets,

Thomas R. Lyon, agent, Ludington, has
cut at one of his mills 22,000,000 feet of
lumber, 6,850,000 shingles and 155,000 lath.

Ruddock, Palmeter & Co., Manistee, have
cut 17,650,133 feet of lumber, 9,033 000
shingles, 4,590,650 lath and 44,519 pickets.

The Beidler Manufacturing Company,
Muskegon, have a record of 22,800,000 feet
of lumber, 7,164,000 lath, 35,000,000 pick-
ets.

George Hannahs, South Haven, has cut
3,000,000 fcet of pine, 245,000 feet of hard-
wood, 1,000,000 shingles aud 300,000 pick-
ets.

Henry Stowe, Orono, cut 500,000 feet of
lumber and 5,000,000 shingles. On hand,
150,000 feet of lumber and 2,000,000 shin-
gles,

William Bakker & Son, Grand Haven, re-
port 6,000,000 feet cut, and 2,000,000 on
hand. Also, 100,000 pickets, and 50,000 on
hand.

The Chicago Lumbering Company, Manis-
tique, have cut 17,000,000 feet of lumber,
1,500,000 shingles, 3,000,000 lath and 225,-
000 pickets.

Cartier & Filer, Ludington, have cut 14,-
000,000 feet of lumber and and have 500,000
feet on hand. They have also cut 1,500,000
shingles,

Parmelee & Tremain, Lodi, report 400,-

, 000,

000 feet, 60,000 on hand, and 50,000
shingles. The capacity of the mill will be
increased.

The Wagar Lumber Company, Colby, have
cut 2,000,000 feet of lumber and 6,000,000
lath. On hand, 500,000, feet cf lumber and
1,000,000 lath.

Blodgett & Byrne, Holton, have cut 4,-
000,000 feet of pine, 300,000 feet of hard-
wood and 3,000,000 shingles, On hand, 2,«
500,000 feet.

Butterfield & Crable, Alpena, Il,-
000,000 feet, 2,000,000 on hand ; 4,500,000
Jath, 700,000 on hand ; 85,000 pickets, 60,-
000 on hand.

E. T. Merrill, Ashton, cut 200,000 feet of
lumber, allon hand. One clapboard ma-
chine will be added to the machinery the
coming season.

Judson D. Smith, Cheboygan, has cut 11,-
000,000 feet of lumber, 500,000 lath. At
Rogers City, Mr. Smith has cut 2,400,000
feet of lumber.

» L. Van Winkle, Farwell, has cut 4,000,000
feet of lumber and 3,000,000 shingles. He
has 1,500,000 feet of lumber and 400,000
shingles on hand.

Hileman, Hesser & Co., Trufant, have cut
7,500,000 feet, 4 000,000 on hand ; 9,000,000
shingles, 2,500,000 on band ; 2,500,000 lath,
1,000,000 on hand.

S. H. Gray & Co., Big Rapids, have made
12,000,000 shingles and have 1,000,000 on
hand, The capacity of the mill will be
doubled this winter.

E. W. Bond & Son, Fife Lake, have cut
7,000,000 feet of lumber and 400,000 lath.
They have 4,000,000 feet of lumber and
200,000 lath on hand,

A J. Summerville & Co., Chase, have cut
3,000,000 feet of lumber, 200,000 shi
and 150,000 lath. They have on hand 1,-
500,000 feet of lumber.

Begole,t Fox & Co., Flint, rt 6,500, -
000 feet of lumber, 1,200,000 shi
900,000 lath. On hand, 6,000,000 feet of
lumber and 500,000 lath.

The Stanton Lumber Company, Colby,
have cut 10,000,000 feet of lumber jand 7,-
000,000 lath. On hand, 7,000,000 feet of
lumber and 1,000,000 lath.

James W. Willett, Stanton, reports 3,-
000,000 feet of pine and 30,000 feet of hard-
wood. He has on hand 5,000,000 feet of
lumber and 10,000 pickets,

Nickerson & Collester, Pentwater, have
cut 800,000 feet of pine, 2,500,000 of hard-
wood and 2,500,000 shingles. They have
100,000 feet of lumber on hand.

William Rutherford & Co., Muskegon,
report 20,287,122 feet of lumber, 900,000 feet
on hand; 5,776,000 lath, 510,000 on hand ;
208,250 pickets, 1,350 on hand.

A. G. Butler’s mill, Frankfort, has cut
12,593,090 feet in a run of 152 days. He
has another mill with a capacity of 6,000,000
feet, which has cut 4,760,480 feet.

4
The N. Ludington Company’s mill at
Escanaba, has cut 6,198,000 feet, and have
1,000,000 feet on hand. The mill has also
cut 1,000,000 lath, and 125,000 pickets.

Charles L. Gray & Co., Evart, have cut
2,000,000 feet of pine, 200,000 feet of hard-
wood and 6,000,000 shingles. On hand a
200,000 feet of lumber and 200,000, shin-
gles,

Munroe, Boyce & Co., Grand Haven, have
cut 7,000,000 feet of lumber, 4,500,000 on
hand ; 800,000 lath, one-half of them on
hand; 320,000 pickets, all of them on
hand.

G. F. Case’s mi!l, Stanton, has cut 3,000,-
000 feet, 1,000,000 on band ; {3,000,000
shingles, 400,000 on hand ; 500,000 lath,
100,000 on hand ; 50,000 pickets, 10,000 on
hand.

F. W. Read & jCo., Eagle Mills, report
3,000,000 feet, 200,000 cm hand ; 945,000
shingles, 107,000 on hand ; £59,000 lath,
37,000 on hand ; 29,257 pickets, 63,000 on
hand.

A. J. & C. E. Covell, Whitehall, have cut
10,900,000 feet of lumber, 2,200,000 lath
and 100,000 pickeis. On hand, 1,765,000
feet of lumber, 100,000 lath and 40,000
pickets.

W. C. Culbertson, Menominee, has cut
9,000,000 feet of lumber, 1,500,000 lath and
100,000 pickets. He has 5,000,000 feet of
lumber on hand, 500,000 lath and 10,000
pickets. ee ‘es

Staples & Covell, Whi , have cut U,-
300,000 feet of pine, 200,000 feet of hard-
wood and 2,500,000 lath. They have in
their yard 1,000,000 feet of lumber and
200,000 lath.

The Kirby-Carpenter Company, Meno-
minee, have te 50,570,169 feet of lum-

ber, 5,049,00 lath, 377,997 pickets, and have
now on hand 1,802,039 feet of lumber, $86,-
000 lath and 215,080 pickets.

The Sextus N. Wilcox company, White
Cloud, have cut 16,000,000 feet of pine.
20,000 feet of hardwood, rr lath and
68,000 pickets. On hand 9, 000 feet of
lumber, 600,000 lath and 68,000, pickets.

TRE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

5

Walworth & Reed, Cedar Springs, have
cut 9,000,000, 3,000,000 feet on hand ; 5,000, -
000 shingles, 1,500,000 lath, 350,000 on
hand; 150,000 pichets, 30,000 on hand
The Mill has been removed to Mon-
tague.

Rich Brothers, {Ontonagon, cut 4,000,000
feet of lumber, 1,500 000 feet on hand ;
6,000,000 shingles, 250,000 on hand, and
10,000 pickets. The mill was burned Oc-
tober 4, andit now being replaced by one
of double its capacfty.

O. R. Johnson & Co., Douglass, have cut
1,200,000 feet of pine, 70,000 feet of hard-
wood and 881,000 shingles, The same firm’s
mill, at Saugatuck, has cut 4,850,000 feet of
pine, 1,350,000 feet of hardwood, 2,500,000
shingles and 17,000 lath.

C. Mears & Co.’s Duck Lake, mill cut
320,700 feet of pine and 399,162 feet of hard-
wood. Their Silver Lake mill cut 1,905,951
feet of pine and 61,377 feet of hardwood,
and their Lincoln mill, 1,046,871 feet of
pine, 140,501 feet of hardwood, 268,000
shingles and 155,400 lath.

The Nipissing District.

Some time since we referred to the devel-
opment of the Nipissing district by the
building of a propeller by A. P. Cockburn,
Esq., M. P., to run on Lake Nipissing next
season, The proposed steamer, the “ Inter-
Ocean,” is expected to be ready to make a
trial trip by the end of June next. The
workmen to be engaged in constructing the
steamer left Muskoka, by way of Rosseau,
about the middle of last December. A cor-
respondent, recently writing, says :—‘‘ Ow-

ing to the difficulties of communication all
the settlers in the Nipissing District so far
have settled on the south side of the lake;
and there is actually only one man, with his
wife and child, living in all the vast ex-
panse of territory north of its waters. The
establishment of short colonization roads
running north and south from the lake; the
navigation of the Stugeon river and other
tributaries of the Nipissing by? the ‘Inter-
Ocean’; the daily arrival of trains at Cal-
lender, and the construction of the Sault
Branch Railroad, will give a wonderful i1m-
petus to the settlement of the country. As
demonstrating that the winters in the Ni-
pissing District are not of necessity more
severe than those in Muskoka, the fact is
communicated that although last week there
were about two feet of snow at Bracebridge,
there were only three inches at Lake Nipis-
sing, The most recent surveys confirm
every statement as to the fertility and suit-
ableness of a large proportion of that coun-
try for settlement by agriculturists. A map
carefully corrected by fieid notes, and
issued within the past few weeks by the
Crown Lands Department at Toronto, shows
that in the townships south of the lake and
French River 95 per cent of the land is ara-
ble, and well wooded with birch, white oak,
hemlock and balsam. It may be mentioned
that the want of a steamer has been much
felt by lumbermen in this district during
the past year. It is not expected that the
enterprise will be immediately successful
from a pecuniary point of view, but there is
such confidence in the future of that Dis-
trict that a Lake Nipissing Navigation Com-
pany will before long be formed.”

—-—- +

Kinmount News.

Mr. Jabez Thurston, of Lindsay, had a
practical engineer here a few days ago trying
to purchase three acres of land of Mr. J. W.
Gilmour, for a large steam mill here.

Several American gentlemen are now ne-
gociating with Mr. J. Crego, to purchase
sites here for steam mills. We expect to
have over eight or nine steam mills here

goon,

Mr. M. Chase, who is a partner with John
Dovey here at our new mill, is engaged in
moving a 75 horse-power-boiler to the mill.
The boiler contains 179 flues. It is the
largest boiler which ever came to this
locality. The mill is now enclosed and there
are over 20 men to work at it daily. The
mill is expected to start work in )4 days,—
catting boards and shingles for the American
market.

Messrs. Paxton and Jones are now gettin
ont square timber and saw logs to build a
large frame boarding house, 40 by 80. This
house will be under the care of Thos. Baker,

_—who keeps the other boarding house at

the iron mines,

New Processes in Milling.

All the Minnesota millers are now fight-
ing the old-fashioned flour barrels, They
say it is a relic of barbarism, They desire
to substitute the cotton sack in its place.
Cotton sacks holding a half-barrel of flour
are worth ten cents apiece. Flour barrels
are worth forty-five cents each. All the
flour shipped to Glasgow and Rotterdam
goes in cotton sacks. These sacks are worth
as much there as here. The millers main-
tain that flour does not sift through a good
cotton bag as much as it sifts through a
barrel. Ten bags of flour were shipped to
Glasgow, returned to Minneapolis, and sent
again to Glasgow. When weighed they
had actually gained in weight. Six hundred
barrels of flour put up in bags and shipped to
Glasgow will gain in weight one thousand
eight hundred pounds. When New York
flour dealers begin to handle flour in half

barrel sacks, the people will save twenty-
five cents ona barrel and have their good
sacks left.

The old millstones are all being taken out
and new steel rollers are substituted in their
places. The wheat passes through five sets
of rollers, each set closer than the former.
These rollers are thirty inches long and ten
inches in diameter. After passing between
each set of rollers it is ‘‘ bolted” or sifted
through the cloth. The last rollers are
hardly anything but wheat hulls and the
waxy germs which do not crack up, but
smash together. So flour is now cracked
and disintegrated without grinding. The
first rollers crack the kernels of wheat into
say six pieces. The starchy substance
which rattles out drops through the cloth
sieves or bolting cloth. These six pieces
are broken between the next rollers in
thirty-six pieces. Then the white starch
crumbs are sifted out again, and the thirty-
six pieces are passed between still tighter
rollers, which crack them into 216 pieces ;
another set of rollers multiply each of these
particles into six more, making them aggre-
gate 1296, Another set of rollers screwed
together with tremendous pressure makes
7776 pieces. The scientific miller says a
grain of wheat is finally cracked into 7776
pieces without being ground at all. This is
the: Hungarian process. The germ of a
kernel of wheat is a waxy substance not fit
to eat. Between stones this germ grinds
into the flour and damages it. By this new
process of the Hungarian rollers this germ
is flattened out, and it is bolted out. How-
ever, it is finally ground up with the debris
on stones to make the low grade flour,
which we sell in Rotterdam for $2.50 per
barrel.

x41 29 1:06

St. Lawrence Lumper TrApE.—The
figures relating to the lumber trade of the
St. Lawrence with South American ports,
for the season just closed, have been publish-
ed. They show that the total shipments of
sawn lumber were 10,286,184 feet, four-fifths
of which quantity was sent from Montreal,
It was expected that a heavier business
would have been done during the season,
but the trouble between Chili and Peru has
had a depressing effect upon trade; and
though the above figures are on a par with
those of recent years, they do not compare
in amount with the operations of the eariier
years of the decade just closing. In 1872
and 1873 the shipments were twenty-eight
miliion, and thirty-six million respectively.

————— 2

ARNPRIOR LUMBER TRADE.—The Arnprior
Chronicle says that Messrs. McLachlin Bros,,
of Arnprior, are making extensive arrange-
ments to meet the wants of the lumber trade
next season. They are rebuilding the water
ways leading to their mills, and putting
everything in order to insure an early start
in the Spring. They contemplate the erec-
tion of a large steam mill here next summer,
which they expect to have in running order
early in the Fall. About 700 men are em-
ployed by this firm in getting out logs and
square timber on the Madawaska and Con-
longo this Winter. The firm recently pur-
chased a new limit of 100 miles on Opeongo
Lake. They have now four large limits,
situated on the Madawaska, Bonnecherre,
Coulonge and Petawawa streams, and we
learn that it is their intention to carry on
lumbering operations on a most extensive
scale,

MINING NOTES.
Wues.ina, W. V., Jan:5.—The strike of
coal miners in this vicinity has caused iron
mills and glass factories to suspend, throw-
ing 5,000 men out of employment.

Wuer.ine, West Va., Jan 5.—A strike
of coal miners in this vicinity has caused
the iron mills and glass factories to suspend,
throwing 5,000 workmen out of employ-
ment,

Taxon River.—Marvellous stories of the
richness of quartz from the T’akon River dig-
gings are told. The specimens are very rich.
The mines are believed to be in Janadian
territory.

Tue Brockville Rocorder says, Mr. Cald-
well, of the firm of Boyd & Caldwel', open-
ed anew mine on the lst inst. in the town-
ship of Lavant, The ore taken from it is of
the very best quality.

THERE is good authority for stating that
such is the rush to secure and develop min-
ing properties of one description or another
in Nova Scotia, the Provincial Government
will realize about $100,000 a year from min-
ing licenses, royalties, &c.

THe Beauce Mines.—The Canada Gold
Mining Company of the Gilbert River,
Beauce County, are employing fifty men.
The operations of this Company are con-
ducted, it is said, in keeping with their pre-
tensions, which are solid and substantial.

A Seysitive Mure.—Employees of the
Streator Coal Company attempted to lower
a fresh mule into the mines. When the
cage started down the animal was overcome
with terror, and when they went to take
him from the cage they found he had died of
fright while descending.

OrTawA Minitne.—The phosphate interest
is looking up. Some fifty men are constant-
ly employed in mining operations in the Du
Lievre district. There are 3,000 tons ready
to bank on the river, and hauling to Buck-
ingham station has begun. It is estimated
that some $75,000 will be paid for teamlng
alone this winter.

Sitver Isutet.--A gentleman well ac-
quainted with Silver Islet, states that, from
the silver ore now within view, and from the
general results of drilling operations, he is
of opinion that there is still between $50,-
000,000 and $60,000,000 worth of silver in
the mine. He thinks that there is little
doubt but the Pie, Victoria and Duncan
mines are almost equally rich. A very valu-
able gold mine has recently been discovered
some distance from Prince Arthur, and the
vein traced a distance of six miles, The
mining interests of the Thunder Bay region
certainly never appeared more promising
than they do now.

THUNDER Bay.—The North Shore Miner
says Mr. Amos Bowerman came up from the
Thunder Bay Iron Mime last evening, ac-
companied by one of the miners. He brings
with him several specimens of the ore taken
from the vein. He informs us that the
prospects are looking brighter and brighter
every day, as the work advances. The men
are still at work uncovering the vein, no ore
of any amount being taken out. Everything
is being got in readiness for the extensive
development to be carried on next seasoa.
Mr, B. returns again in a day or two.

The St. Ouge Company have sold out to a
Mr. McArthur, of Toronto, who is working
his mine with quite a force of men. Lot 13,
owned by Messrs. J. Ainsworth & Co., of
New York, employs a few men, and the re-
salts have not been very favorable. Under
a sworn statement before the Mining In-
spector, of this District, ending 31st October,
the yield was but ninety-one ounces. At
$17.50 per oz, this would be in round num-
bers $1,592.50. ‘Che time taken to get this
amount of gold will date from the month of
August until 3lst October, about two and
one-half months, This last-named Com-
pany’s pay rolls amounted to $2,000 and up-
ward per month, showing a serious loss to
the Company. The property of this Com.
pany is now uuder seizure for debt due labor
and goods furnished. This isthe second New
York Company which beginuing under fair
auspices have failen short.

EaGie Heap Mine, C. B.—A correspon-
dent describing the mine says :—The pro-
perty consists of one square mile—is situated
on the North Shore of Gabarus Bay ;—con-
tains three lodes of ore, measuring, respect.
ively, 90, 45, and 36 feet. Other lodes are
known to exist on the property, but have
not yet been prospected. The analysis show
a good per centage of Copper and Bismuth,
and a small percentage of Silver and Lead,
with a trace of Gold. and some other
minerals in small quantities Ore can be

taken out nearly as fast as it can be shipped,
The facilities for shipping are excellent, as
vessels can load within 100 yards of the
mine, Should the ore give satisfactory re-
turns, the prospect of a great mining estab-
lishment at Eagle Head is very certain.
The property has just changed hande—
Messrs. McKinnon and McKenzie were the
former owners, and McLellan and Fearn, of
Halifax have recently bought the property,
and are now operating it with good pros-
pects of success. Mr. McLellan is Manager.

A Tovcuixe Story.—One rarely meets a
bit of more touching romance than is found
in the following story that comes from Wales:
‘* Years ago some Welsh miners, in explor-
ing an old pit that had long been closed,
found the body of a young man dressed in a
fashion long out of date. The peculiar ac-
tion of the air of the mine had been such as
to preserve the body so perfectly that it ap-
peared rier’ rather thandead. The miners
were puzzled at this circumstance ; no one
in the district had ben missed within their
remembrance, and at last it was resolved to
bring the oldest inhabitant—an old lady
lon, past her eightieth year, who lived single
in the village the whole of her life. On be-
ing brought into the presence of the body a
strange scene occurred ; the old lady fell on
the corpse, kissed ani addressed it by every
term of eadcarment, couched in the language
of a byzoue generation. He was her only
love; she had waited for him during her
long iife ; she knew that he had not forsaken
her. The old woman and the young man
had been betrothed sixty years before. Tae
lover had disappeared mysteriously, and
she hal ke t faithful during that lo+g inter-
val. Time had stood still with the dead
man, but had left its mark on the living
woman. The miners who were present were
a rough set, but very gently and with tear-
fal eyes removed the old lady to her house,
and the same night her faithful spirit rejoia-
ed that of her long-lost lover.”

A MovuntTaln oF SILvER.—The captain of
a whaling vessel just returaed from the Are-
tic Ocean says that, while the vessel was
lying in a small bay at the mouth of one of
the rivers which empty into the ocean on
the coast of Alaska, he, one of the mates
and four men, went up the river to catch
salmon. At the foot of a hill, bordering on
the riv-r, they comm:ncel fishing. While
the sailors were engaged in this work, the
captain and mate ascended the mountain,
which appeared to be about 400 or 500 feet
high. Arriving at the top, they found what
seemed to b: the crater of an extinct volca-
no, and around were evidences that at one
time there had been a terrible eruption. In
the crater itself the captain noticed that the
rocks resembled congealed iron after it had
been melted, and undertook to knock off
a piece, but could not do it, as it bent and
did not break with his repeated blows with
the head of a boat-axe. He then strack it
with the blade of an axe, and actually chop-
ped it off. He saw that the substance was
as soft as lead, but it did not shine. He de-
termined to bring it to San Francisco and
have it assayed. One of the natives also
brought a piece of rock about 12 inches long
by 6 inches thick, which weighed 48 pounds
and sparkled with gold, stating that he had
found is near auother hill further up the riv-
er and that such rock was plenty there.
When the ves-el arrived at this port, the
captain told his story toa gentlemen living
in Oakland, and the specimens were handed

over to him for the purpose of having preper

assays made. This was done, and the piece
which the captain chopped off the top of the
hill with the axe went $6,000 per ton in
silver, and thé joose rocks picked up on the
side of the hil went as high as $275 of silver
perton. Itseems, then, that this hill is a
mountain of silver, and that it is only the
beginning of vast discoveries which will soon
be made in Alaska, which may yet become
the El Dorado to which thousands will rush.
The Orklaud gentleman spoken of immedi-
ately formed a party or Company, which has
chartered. the whaler to take a trip to the
scene of the remarkable find as soon as the
season opens.—San Francisco Chronicle.

+o + << —____——__

New Bripce.—The new iron railway
bridge across the Ottawa above the Chau-
diere Falls, just completed, is a fine struc-
ture, 2,160 teetin length. The first passen-
ger train ran over it on Thursday last. It
has been severely tested and the greatest
deflection of any of the spans was but half
aninch. The bridge is calculated to bear
six times the pressvre ordinarily to be put
upon it. It will be used by the Q. M. O. &
O. Raiiway, which will have a union station
on the Ottawa side of the river with the
Canada Central,

—

Schliemann.

A GLANCE AT THE EARLY DAYS OF THE GREAT

DIGGER GIVEN IN HIS NEW BOOK.

Before plunging into the record of his
discoveries Dr. Schliemann stops to tell the
story of his life. It is such a one as we
might expect from such a man, and shows
how the work of his later life has been the
natural consequence of the impressions he

received in his earliest years, ‘‘The pick-
axe and spade for the excavation of Troy
and the royal tomb of Mycenz,” he writes,
‘“were both forged and sharpened in the
little German village in which I passed the
first eight years of my childhood.” Dr,
Schliemann also thinks it necessary to relate
how he obtained the means which enabled
him in the autumn of his life to realize the
great projects formed when he was a little
boy. With a scholar’s simple mindedness
he flatters himself ‘‘that the manner in
which I have employed my time as well as
the use I have made of my wealth will
meet with general approbation.” Dr.
Schliemann need feel no doubts on that
point. There may be a few to cavil, but
their idle tongues are drowned in the ap-
plause of the multitude. This distinguish-
ed explorer was born on the 6th of January,
1822, in the little town of Neu Buckow, in
Mecklenberg-Schwerin, where his father
was Protestant clergyman, and from whence
he moved in 1823 to the viliage of Anker-
shagen, in the same duchy, In Ankersha-
gen the young Schliemann spent the first
eight years of his life. The neighbourhood
was as full of tradition as it was of ruined
castles, and the imagination of the boy had
full sway. Near the Schliemann cottage was
a tomb in which the body of an infant and
countless treasures were said by the village
gossips to be buried, Nothing but the
stern command of his father prevented the
child from beginning his excavations then
and there and proving the truth or falsity
of the village tongues. Though the elder
Schliemann was neither a scholar nor an
archseologist, he had a passion for ancient
history, and the first stories he told to the
child at his knee were of the Homeric
heroes. When nearly eight years old the
reverend Schliemann presented his son with
a volume of Dr. Jerrer’s ‘‘ Universal His-
tory,” containing an engraving represent-
ing Troy in flames, with its huge walls and
Scazan gate, from which the good Atneas
was escaping with his father on his back,
This picture convinced the boy that Troy
could not be utterly destroyed, ‘‘ Father,”
he cried, with a precocity that must
have carried conviction ‘‘if such walls once
existed they can not possibly have been
completely destroyed; vast ruins of
them must still remain, hut they are hidden
away beneath the dust of ages,” They ar-
gued the question awhile,and the son climb-
ed down from his father’s knee, vowing that
he should one day excavate Troy. This idea
so filled his mind that he could not enter
with spirit upon his dancing lessons, and his
teacher complained that his heels were as
heavy as his head. At the age of 14, the af-
fairs of the family made it necessary for him
to leave his studies and go towork. He be-
came a grocer’s clerk, but his heart lay buri-
ed in Troy. With the coffee bags on his
back he was Avneas rescuing his old father
from the flames; dealing out molasses to
petty-maids, he was Paris offering bumpers
of wine to Helen. F've years of this drud-
gery did not change his determination. Af-
ter various mishaps he gota situation in the
country house of an indigo merchant in
Amsterdam. Here he saw an opportunity
to rise. The lever he used was hard work.
At first he took writing lessons to improve
his unclerical penmanship. Afterward he
began the study of languages. His salary
at this time was $160 per annum, half of
which: was spent on his studies. On the
other half he lived ‘‘miserably enough.”
His lodging, which cost eight francs a
month, was a wretched garret without a fire,
where he ‘‘shivered with cold in winter and
was scorched with heat in summer.” His

breakfast consisted of ‘‘rye-meal porridge,” |

and his dinner never cost him ‘‘more than
two pence.” But nothing, he exclaims,
*‘ spurs one on to study more than misery
and the certain prospects of being able to
release one’s self from it by unremitting
woik,” eseeudied English and French,
and mastered both in a year’s time. Dutch,
®panish, Portuguese, Italian, and Russian
followed, and later Latin and Greek. Such
a man could not fail to attract the attention
of his employers, for he delved as hard at
learning the indigo business as at Greek roots.
He rose step by step. He was sent to St,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Petersburg in 1846 as agent for hls Amster-
dam employers, but gradually becoming
richer he set up for himself. In 1850 he
went to California to look for a brother,
whom he found dead ; but thenewly annex-
ed couutry was made a state on July 4 of
that year,and as, says Dr, Schliemann, ‘‘ all
those then resident in the country became
by that fact naturalized Americans, I joy-
fully embraced the opportunity of becoming
a citizen of the Uuited States.” Ia 1858 he
thought he had money enough to retire,and
traveled over northern Kurope, Italy, Euypt
and Palestine. A lawsuit brought him back
to business to St. Petersburg, where he
made more money. In 1863 he ayain found
himself rich enough to retire, so he gradual-
ly liquidated his business, and as a prelimi-
nary holiday to his life work began in 1864
a tour of the eastern world, crossing back
by way of San Francisco, and writing his
first book, *‘ China and Japan,” on the voy-
age. He cameby way of Nicaragua to the
eastern States, visited Havaua and Mexico,
‘and in the spring of 1866, settled down to
the study of archeology henceforth, with no
other interruption than short trips to Amer-

7)

.—_—~ me

Another Cliff Town Discovered.

The occurrence of ancient cliff towns, built
upon or rather in almost inaccessible places
along the precipitous sides of river canons in
Co!orado and New Mexico, was made known
several years ago. Another very important
dis. overy of this nature was made a short
time since by Mr. James Stephenson, of the
U.S. Geolozical Survey, in New Mexico.
The city lies ina canon thirty miles long,
never before visited by white men, and is
about forty miles from Santa Fe and ten
miles from the Rio Grande. It consists of a
succession @f excavations in the solid rock
throughout the length of the canon, making,
perhaps, the largest cliff town yet discover-
ed

from the plains. Mr, Stephenson, however,
managed to clamber up the rocky precipice,
and entered and examined a number of arti-

cles that he thought remaiud of their first
possessors. A scientist who had traveled in

that region and visited other caves and ex-

chavations of a similar kind says he is dis-
posed to believe that they have been tenant-
ed within modern times by Indians at war

with other tribes, seeking safety and advan-

tage over their enemies, He thinks the re-
mains found there are the remaius of the

things these belligereats have used, eaten,

or worn, and not the relics of the first own-

ers of the rock houses.

qe

Exhausting the Wheat Lands.

(From the Pall Mall Gazette )

There is one point in American compitition
with Huogland which, though it has now and
‘hen been touched upon, has never been
thoroughly worked out. America is un-
“oubtedly reducing the rent of land in
Kngland by the amount of food which she
is enabled to send over here ata cheap rate.
Iu this way, too, land of inferior quality in
England is going out of cultivation. But all
uhis grain which is sent represents really so
auch valuable manure. Instead of using 1t
we silt up ourrivers with the sewage of our
large towns, and millions’ worth of fertiliz-
ing agents are year after year swept into the
sea. This is bad enough by itself. What
1s; worse, however, is that each successive
wheat centre in the United States is more
rapidly exhausted than the one before, ow-
ing to the excessive over-cropping and the
want of manure. Thus, the soil in the
United States is undergoing deterioration to
supply us with the necessaries of life, while
we who receive the food allow our soil to go
out of cultivation when the very substances
we receive would if properly used enrich
and fertilize it. Posterity, perhaps will
think we had very curious ways of dealing
with their planet.

DS

A FAMILY never becomes extinct in Japan.
If there are no male descendents, a yonng
son of another family is adopted, and takes
the family name.

A lecturer once prefaced his discourse upon
the rhinoceros with, ‘‘I must beg you to
give me your undivided attention. Indeed,
it is absolutely im; ossible that you can form
a true idea of the hideous animal of which
we are about to speak unless you keep your
eyes fixed on me |”

The houses are dug out of the ruck side to
a depth of from fifteen to twenty feet. Ap-
parently they were exchavated With stone
impliments, They are almost inaccessible

How they get India Rubber in SCIENTIFIC GOSSIP.
Africa.

Dr. Maclaren, of Edinbur, Scotland
f UMM a states that the types of rag ind have chang-

Having passed fully three years on the|ed within modern times. ‘or instance,
southwest coast of Africa, as trader for an| acute delirous mania is now comparatively
English firm, I will endeavor to describe the| rare, but mental enfeeblement attended
manner in which India rubber is procured in arith paralysis is becoming more and more
that country, as India rubber formed the sta- common, and is the result of the overwork
pe produce of the district were I was locat-| and worry of the struggle for existence at
ed,

The natives are in a very rude, uncivilized 5 eg 2 vad 2
condition, They have no currency, and do| The Russian Government is well pleased
all business by battering the native products | With the new torpedo-boatcalled the Batoum,
for manufactured stuffs, Their wealth con-| Which has been thoroughly tested in the
sists chiefly in the number of slaves they pos- Black Sea, This vessel is 100 feet long, 2
8.8s, who fish, hunt, and keep their planta- | Carries two torpedo guns, built into her bull
tions in good order. forward, for discharging Whitehead torpe-

When rubber has been collected, from four | 10¢8.. In the boats of the same class nc
to ten slaves get their flint muskets in order, building there will be three to guns
each carrying, in addition, a long sword-’ forward instead of two. The ea
shaped knife called a machete, a number of ' baves excellently at sea, and makes 22 knot
calabashes or jars to collect the juice of-the ; 42 hour.
rubber vine, and a little food that as be A very powerful electric light of
cured in smoke, as they can find plenty of | Brush system was exhibited on Nov. 29
sustenance in the busn without carrying it| the London works of the Anglo-Ameri
about with them from place to place. Electric Light Company. The of the

The vine are in some casesnear tothe towns, | ordinary Brush type, carried car 1.25
but generally the natives have to go several | inches in diameter, and the energy of the
day’s journey into the bush before they can | current was so strong that the carbons were
sit down and commeuce business. The vine | raised to a white heat two inches from the
itself is of rough, knotty nature, about as|arc. The photometric power of the light is
tuick as a man’s arm, and grows toa length | said to be 47,000 standard candles.

of fully two hundred feet. Its leaves are F i

are glossy, like those of the South America Phatpersr ian paras - - the hill. =
trubber tree, anda large fruit much liked by a capable of subduing the hot blood .
the natives, is gathered from it. I have tans Be ha fier ings ie of pome Oa
tasted it, and found it very palatable, being Th ae ‘Medea Pak Pe, Circular Bays : rar
slightly acid, Tuis vine (what its scientific most painful scena has -osenteall ak tel
name is I don’t pretend to know) yields sev- f he Pane Aaa of Mediana, Dari
eral grades of rubber, each of different com- e waren (Lene 7 the eholees of Dwial
mercial value, the best quality being taken M. Guerin addressed M. Pasteur in the fol-
from the highest part, and the poorest from lowing words -" '"*"T au uae liar. Sir I will

* ul ,
the bottom. send you my seconds.” Yet M, Guerin is

With their knives, or machetes, the natives f
sin dy cmt gt : an octogenarian and M, Pasteur hepelessly
slash the vine in several places, and put paralyzed on the left side.

broad leaves directly underneath the wounds "
for the juice to drop on, and which, being of |. M. A. Colson thus describes the manufac-
a strong, adhesive nature, none of it may drop | ture of phosphoric acid in the Bulletin of
on the branches of the tree, and so get lost ;| the Chemical Society of Paris: **Natural
but it is not often they trouble themselves | Phosphates, underground, are dissolved in
climbing, unless the vines happen to be| dilute hydrochloric acid. When the acid
scarce in the vicinity. The entire day they | has ceased to act the clear solution is run
devote to cutting ; next day they gather what | of from the insoluble matterand mixed with
was cut the day previous, and soon. Each | Sa!phuric acid enough to saturate all the
evening, after collectiug, they put all the| dissolved lime, leaving a mixture of hydro-
juice they have into several iron pots, or| Chloric acid, diluted phosphoric acid, and
ear‘hern vessels of native manufacture, and | Calicium sulphate, This mixture is sub-
boil it ; at the same time they can greatly im | mitted to pressure to ae ge the suiphate
prove the lowest quality by adding a little | from the free acids, which are then concen-
salt, and the more they boil the juice the bet- trated, and the hydrochlorie gcid is condens-
ter it becomes. When sutliciently boiled the | @4 and collected for use by means of ordinary
water is poured off and the juice is allowed | columns. ;
to cool, when it is fashioned according tothe} From a comparison of the result of recent
grade—ball, flake, mixed, or tongue—and is | deep-sea soundings, it appears that the fol-
ready for the market. In this way about | lowing are just geveralizations: 1. The wa-
twenty or thirty pounds a day is generally col- | ter of the North Pacific is in its whole mass
lected. It is tuen taken to the factory, and | cooler than that of the Atlantic. 2. The wa-
there exchanged for guns, cloth, rum, &c. | ter of the South Pacific is, down to 4,225
When it is received at the factory it is care-| feet, somewhat warmer than that of the
fully marked, ciassed, weighed, and put into| Atlantic, but below that depth colder. 3.
casks for shipment. It contains so much|The bottom temperatures are generally
wat.r that twenty per cent. is deducted from | lower in the Pacific than in the Atlantic at
the weight of each cask, as that is about the| the same depths and in the same d of
amount of shrinkaze on the voyage. This is, | latitude ; but nowhere in the Pacific are
however, a loss to the native, as it is deduct- | found such low bottom temperatures as in
ed from him when selling. the Antarctic portion of the South Atlantic,
This vine, from my personal observation, | where temperatures of—0.3° Cen’ e to
is to be found from Sierra Leone in the north | —0.6° have been measured. 4. the
to Vunsembo in the south, but along the} western parts of the Pacific and the adjoin-
coast line it is rapidly beooming extinct, as| ing parts of the East Indian Archipelago
the natives are so careless or repacious that} the temperature of the water reaches its
in many cases they completely sever the | minimum at depths between 1,787 and 8,937
vine, thus killing it, instead of simply bleed- | feet, remaining the same from this depth to
ing it. the bottom. In the whole of the Atlantic
<2 the temperature from 8,937 feet to the
An Ice Cave in Monta. bottom gradually, though slowly, increases,

Prey) A very interesting lecture was recently
delivered before the Anthro ical Insti-
tute, London, by Mr. J. F. Rowboeham, on
the different stages in the development of
the art of music in prehistoric times, Al-
though, he said, the varieties of musical in-

Two explorers named Lambert and Caru-
thers discovered, last summer, a large cave
on the Dry Fork or Arrow Creek, in the Bell
Mountains, in which was half anacre of solid
ice of unknown depth. At the time of the
discovery, about August 1, theice was cover- | struments mav be counted by hundreds, yet
ed with ten inches of water, which prevent- they are all reducible under three distinct
ed, a thorough exploration of the Cave, The types: 1. The drum 2. The pipe
Fort Benton Press says that the ice gives type. 3. Thelyre type. These three types
every indication of being in a great body, and | ate representative of three distinct stages
it is believed, from its appearance, and the | of development through which istori
fact that in the hottest season only a few in-| music had passed, and in the order just
ches of it was melted, that it is perpetual. stated. The first period in the develo
The cave is described as being a great resort | of music was the drum stage, in which
for game, as all kinds were killed close to| and drums alone were used by man. The
its entrance, second was the pipe stage, in which pipes as

cate well as drums were used, The was

UncomPromisinc.—The doctor’s daugh-| the lyre stage, in which stri instru.
ter—‘‘I declare you’re a dreadful fanatic, | ments were added to the stock. There three
Mrs. McCizzom. I do beheve you think| stages answer respectively to rythem,
nobody will be saved but you and your} melody, and harmony. In the musical hi
minister !” Qld lady—‘‘ Aweel, my dear, | of mankind the lyre stage is never found to
ah whiles [hae my doobts aboot the meenis- | precede the pipe stage, nor the pipe stage to
ter !’’ preeede the titi stage. ;

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

The Sultans Levee.

e .
POMP AND CEREMONY AROUND THE REPRE-
SENTATIVE OF THE BANKRUPT OTTOMAN

EMPIRE,

We assisted at the grand Bairam ceremo-

nies at Dolma Baghiche palace yesterday.

The Sultan holds a levee, and receives all

the ministers, officials, and officers, who

congratulate his majesty and wish him a

prosperous Bairam or festival. The diplo-
matic body was ushered through a number
of lofty passages, through countless salons
blazing with gilt, Damascus silks and mar-
queterie, into what is considered the mcst
magnificent throne-room in the world. It
is a gigantic oval, with glittering wood floor
and whose roof is upheld at an immense
height by splendid Corinthian colums of
fluted marble, of that fine pink-vei
quality only quarried at Lesbos. Everyin
of the roof is covered with a fresco painting
of such artistic style that it can hardly be
distinguished from groups of flowers, ara-
besques, etc., in bold relief. Great windows
let in the glorious light of day at either
end, and near one of those windows was the
throne, at that moment unoccupied. It isa
low, wide sofa, about five feet long, whose
back, legs, and sides,are covered with plates
of gold, and covered with a red silk cushion
studded with stars.

When we entered the Salle du Trone it
was filling with the throng of government
officials, some of whom had come from long
distances to pay their court to their sove-
reign. One venerable snowy-bearded pasha
was pointed out to me as the governor of
Hedjaz, the most distant Turkish vilayet,
and who had spent nearly three months en
route. This glittering array of uniforms
was slowly placing itself in a double line all
around the hall, and more were pouring in
constantly and taking their places. The
cabinet ministers, prominent among whom
was Behram Agha ,the chief eunuch, an
attentuated old ‘‘ darkey ”’ in a gold-bespat-
tered dress coat, placed themselves in a line
standing, behind the gold divan. Without
an exception, they all wore the grand cordon
of the Osmanie with the ‘‘Cracket” in
brilliants. Pretty soon about 2,000 persons
were in, all in full uniform, officers in epau-
lettes and swords, muftis in flowing rotes of
green, purple, cream-white, and blen tendre
with tight, black coats showing off well with
their splendid figures, with the double range
of silyer cartridges on each breast, and their
Astrachan caps half concealing the classic
fates of descendants of the oldestrace in

ia.

Presently a sort of thrill runs through the
line of patient officials, each man steps
well into line, adjusts his gold collar, tilts
the fez a fraction of an inch further back,
gives a last tug at his new gloves, the fold-
ing doors at one side near the throne are
flung open; and welcomed by a pealing
crash from the Imperial Band in the gallery,
the autocrat of Turkey slowly steps into
view and takes his place on the throne. A
concealed chorus then sang, or rather shout-
ed, a species of short song of praise, and
every ‘lurk present bowed in an humble

n. This is done, I may explain, by
scooping up an imaginary handful of dust,
and rapidly placing it on the lips and fore-
head, the depth of the ‘‘scoop” being in
direct proportion tothe rank of the salutee.

_ The ceremony of the Rikiab, or *‘ submis-
sion,” which consists of kissing an embroide
ered scarf held by the grand master of cere-
monies, in lieu of the Sultan’s hand, then
‘ n, The cabinet ministers fell in line,
followed by ex-grand vizers, generals, ad-
toirals, murtis, and so on down to the small
fry. Each one salaamed when within three
ards of the Sultan, did so avain just before

: the scarf, did so immediately after,
then backed off a few paces and made ano-
ther salaam, This being done very solemn-
ly and very methodically, two or three
hours elapsed ere the last fez had bowed
before the sovereign, The band had at
intervals played in excellent style several

pieces among which the Turkish national
air, ‘‘ » idie,” a spirited march was
ent, ’

The sultan then rose, made a slight but
comprehensive bow, returned by a low sa-
laam from the two thousand courtiers, and
disa ed from behind the folding doors,
at each side of which a splendid Circassian
then placed himself, in a martial attitude.

We were about to wrap up and leave,
when a stout aide-de-camp appeared among
the little knot of visitors, and informed us

that, as a great exception, the sultan would
be graciously ~ ranks lier de us all per-

sonally, We numbered about fifteen. There
were Count Hatzefeldt, the Germin ambas-
sador ; Mrs. Tyrell his sister; Mrs. Gos-
chen, Mme. de Novikoft, wife of the Russian
ambassador ; the Spanish minister’s wife in
a gorgeous dinner dress (1), a small party of
Englishmen from the Pandora, Hon. W. H.
Smith’s yacht, and the American party con-
sisting of Gen. Longstreet, our minister,
who arrived the day before, Mr. Robert
Hooper, jr., and your correspondent. We
passed into a small blue-satin room, and
found the sultan standing near the thres-
hold, with two officers behind, him and
Munir Bey, hisinterpreter, at his side. We
were all presented, and bowed and shook
hands silently with his majesty. Abdul
Hamid wore a Jong blue coat of very anti-
quated cut, black trousers with a broad red
stripe, the single star of the Osmanie, and a
broad green-and-red ribbon crosswise on his
chest. He is a little under the average
height, with a sallow, anxious face and a
thin black beard, and with deep crowsfeet
and forehead wrinkles. His smile, however,
was remarkably pleasant, and his voice low
and musical.

As we left the presence, he invited us to
come another day and visit the palace—a
rather unusual piece of courtesy,

—_<-

The Stormy Petrel.

The stcrmy petrel, known to sailors as
the Mother Carey’s children, is hated by
them after a most illogical manner because
it foretells an approaching storm, and there-
fore by a curious process of reasoning is tak-
en for its cause.

This bird has long been celebrated for the
manner in which it passes over the waves,
pattering with its webbed feet and flapping
its wings s> as to keep itself just above the
surface. It thus traverses the ocean with
wonderful ease, the billows rolling beneath
its feet and passing away under the bird
without in the least disturbing it. It is
mostly on the move in windy weather, be
cause the marine creatures are flung to the-
surface by the chopping waves and can easi-
ly be picked up as the bird pursues its
course, It feeds on the little fish, crusta-
ceans, and mollusks which are found In
abundance on the surface of the sea, especi-
ally on the floating masses of alge, and will
for days keep pace with a ship for the pur-
pose of picking up the refuse fcod thrown
overboard. Indeed, to throw the garbage
into the sea is a tolerably certain method cf
attracting these birds, who are sharp-sighted
and seldom fail to perceive anything eat-
able. Itis believed that the petrel does not
dive. The word petrel is given to the bird
on account of its powers of walking on the
water, as is related of St. Peter,

It does not frequent land except during
the breeding season, and can repose on the
surface of the ocean, settling itself just at
the mean level of the waves, and rising and
falling quietly with the swell. The petrel
breeds on the northern coasts of England,
laying a white egg in some convenient re-
cess, a rabbit burrow being often employed
for the purpose.

This bird possesses a singular amount of
oil, and has the power of throwing it from
the mouth when terrified. It is said that
this oil which is very pure, is collected larg-
ely in St. Kilda by catching the bird on its
egg, where it sits very closely, and making
it disgorge the oil into a vessel. The bird
is then released and another taken. The
inhabitants of the Faroe islands make a cur-
ious uce of this bird when young and very
fat, by simply drawing a wick through the
body and lighting it at the end which pro-
jects.from the beak, This un:que lamp will
burn for a considerable pericd. Sometimes
the petrel appears in flocks, and has been
driven southward by violent storms, some
having been shot on the Thames, others in
Oxfordshire, and scme near Birmingham,
The general colour of this bird is sooty
black, and the outer edge of the tertials and
the upper tail coverts are white. Its length
is barely six inches,

= +

Mary Stover tock a dose of strychnine.
A pet poodle licked her face while she was
in her agony, and the poison on her lips
killed the dog, The woman will recover,

Nor even the physician can know every-
thing. When a doctor told a young man
that he must go to the river side every
morning for a bath the youth replied that
the water at this time of year is too cold,
‘*Well, you must have the bath,” said the
doctor, as he finished writing the prescrip-
tiov, ‘‘and if the water is too cold you must
put your overcoat on,”

The London Society of Arts recently dis-
cussed the feasibilty of keeping a ranitary
record of every house, so that the Health
Board of a town should be able to give an
intending purchaser or tenant a certificate
of its healthworthiness. The debate made
it apparent that, in the case of old houses
especially, sufficient pertinent facies could
not be obtained to justify such certificates.

It is easy to see how greatly they might
affvct the value of property ; and therefore
they would prove exceedingly mizchieyous
and outrageous if they were vot scientili-
cally accurate. And thatit is not possible
to make them in every case, nor even in the
majority of cases. ‘Sauitary inquiry has
certainly not yet reached a stage where it
can point out with confidence the exact and
immediate causes of disease, and fix the
blame for them with absolute precision.
We call it a science, just as we call political
economy a science ; but strictly, the term is
of course misused. lt may become a sci-
ence, but the day is yet far off,

When municipal authorities assume to
pass judgment on the healthfulness, and
consequently the value, of the premises
owned by individuals, they should be very
sure of their facts, and that they have
enough of them to form an opinion op, They
can now point out remediable nuisances, and
palpable defects in sanitary engineering ;
but if they undertook to give medical cer-
tificates as to the comparative healthful-
ness of the different houses throughout a
town, they would be certifying to matters
about which they are plainly Incompetent
to form an opinion of value. No dozen phy-
sicians would agree on the subject.

But, in his recent address before the
American Public Health Association, Dr. J
S. Billings, its President, advocated modifi
cation ot the plan suggested in London. He
would have the health officer of a place
obtain and keep a brief descripticn of all its
houses from a sanitary point ot view. This
would be merely a record of facts, to which
individuals proposing to buy or rent houses
could have access on the payment of a fee,
The Health Board would express no opinion,
but simply give a sanitary history of the
property, its connection with sewers, the
number and the causes of the deaths which
had occurred in it, or in the square in which
it was situated, and other information of
that sort. It would be a sanitary supple-
ment to the record of title, and of couree
might have a decided effect on the value cf
the property.

But Dr. Billings’s plan, pretty as it is in
theory, would involve so much minute de-
tail that it would not be feasible in any mu-
nicipal government on a large scale. To
carry it out there would need to be a great
multiplication of sanitary inspectors, and
their official visits would become odious
to the people. Moreover, the number of
deaths occurring in a house may afford no
certain indication of its condition as to
healthfulness, People may tzke there the
diseases of which they die, and an evil
name be given a dwelling which it does not
deserve. Property owners would justly cry
out against a system of registration which
put the value cf their buildings in peril by
tollowing theories of the origin ot disease
which are not yet firmly established.

What is called sanitary science promises
to become of the greatest benefit to com-
munities. It has already demonstrated its
value both here and abroad, for its tendency
is obviously in the right direction—that of
the prevention of disease. It has undoubt-
edly helped essentially to bring about the
increage 1n the average of life which this cen-
tury is s} owing ; and it is not too much to
expect that it will in the future obtain a
pretty ccmplete mastery over epidemics,
though yellow fever and even typhoid fever
now b: file its efforts to discover'and remove
their causes. But there is a growing num-
ber of wen, laymen rather than physicians,
for the most part, who make a hobby of
sanitary inquiry, and treat it as if it was a
fully fledged science against which there
could be no reasonable rebellion. Dr. Bil-
lings has too high and justly deserved a
reputation to lend himself to the support of
the crotclets of these fanatics ; but such a
proposition as his is likely to be run into the
ground by them.

There is, however, a sensible effort now
making to effect in part the end he would
attain. It is to secure the passage of a law
by the Legislature requiring that when
specifications for building are filed, there
shall go with them specifications of the
plumbing and house drainage. These would
enable an export to form an opinion as to a

house’s protection against sewer gas, and
show him its sewer connections.
ah << = pe

GENERAL

The town of Hull, England, is to kave ite
streets lighted by the Siemens system of
electric ilumipation.,

THe resumption of specie payments in
It.ly is opposed by capitaliste and specula-
tors in gold; yet a forced currency l# no
longer needed, as the country is peaceful
and advancing in manufactures, and last
year there wes an excess of $42,294,000 in
receipts over expenses in the budget. Par-
Jiameft has voted to adopt a resumption
policy.

THE famine in Russia, it is predicted, will
aseume proportions altogether beyond pre-
vious estimates, and no steps are taken to
meet it. ‘Tbe Russian } easant cannot afford
at the best of times to eat wheat, and this
grain has been sold Jong ahead to the Jews
and other middlemen. What is needed is
an immediate importation of cheaper grain,
if guch can be obtained.

A Buc has turned up in Asia Minor which
feeds uponthe eggs of the lecust. Wherea
cluster of locust eggs is examined the de-
stroying insect appears in the midst of them.
Locusts from time immemorial have made
themselves disliked in Asia, and the new
bug, which is believed deposits its eggs in
the live lecust’s body, has general sympathy
and encouragement.

A SCHEME is under consideration for a
canalacross the Malayan Peninsula, by which
it is believed that English mails may be de-
liveredin Hong Kong intwenty-nine days and
a half, a saving of nearly seven days by the
present route. The line would be from
Bombay to Madras by mail, thence across
the Bay of Bengal, and by the canal over
the peninsula into the Gulf of Siam, and
thence direct to Hong Kong,

ALTHOUGH Brazilian « ffee makes up about
ene-half of the quantity produced in the
entire world, it seems to be held of so little
account in the markets that, to insure a sale,
it has to be labelled as Java, Porto Rico,
Ceplen, or Mocha praduce. In the country
there are no fewer than 350,000,000 plants,
covering 1,500,000 acres, and yielding acrop
of 260,000 tons of which 50,000 are retained
for home consumption.

AccoRDING to the imperial budget, the
German army cna peace footing, as supple-
mented by the accession of strength recent-
ly voted, now consists of 18,128 officers,
427,274 men, and 81,629 horses, the addi-
tion including 901 officers, 25,615 men, and
1,736 horses, Of these Prussia receives
eight new infantry regiment and one batta-
lion with one field artillery regiment, twen-
ty-four tield batteries, and one fortress
artillery regiment, the rest being distributed
in small proportions between Saxony, Wur-
teuburg, and Bavaria. The greater part of
this new force will be garrisoned in towns
rearer the Russian frontiers, an arrange-
ment which is perhaps due to the existence
of better barrack accomodation in the east
than in the west.

ACCORDING to the St. Petersburg corres-
pondent to the Cologne Gazette, a Supreme
Council of State is to come into existence in
Russia at the Russian new year. This coun-
cil is to carry on all the business of the
empire independently ot the Czar, the latter
retaining the decision only of questions of
war and peace. His union with Princess
Dolgorouki will be proclaimed as a legal
marriage, without her becoming, however,
Empress. She is to receive the title ot
Duchess of ool: tein-Gottorp, and her chil-
dren will be princes and princesses of the
same name. Henceforth the Czar is expect-
ed to live with his family in retirement at
Livadia, rma*ning Emperor in name, but,
so far as Russian circumstances permit,
transferring the cares of business to his son.

In clearing away the remains cf one of
the ruined Bas‘ions of Yedi-koule, near
Constantirople,the agents of the Prefecture
discovered a large quantity of gunpowder,
the existence vf which was not befoie
suspected. Information was at once sent to
the Ordinance Department, whence an ex-
pert was despatched to examine the pewder.
Powder, strickly speaking, it was not, for
the grains was as large as filberts; but a
grain thrown into the fire showed that the
composition was of a highly explosive char-
acter, but the expert could not precisely
dete:mine whet the quality was without
submitting it to analysis, The powder
is believed to have been deposited where it
was found prior to the corquest of Constan-
tinople by Mchammed the Second,

A Oe) To ee.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN

AND MILLERS’, MANUFACTURERS’,
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TORONTO, ONT., JANUARY 15, 1881.

HEMLOCK TREES AND BARK.

In view of the fact that the pine is being

rapidly stripped from the districts of Mus-
-koka and Parry Sound, a Bracebridge cor-
respondent thoroughly familiar with the
subject, calls our attention to the great d2s-
truction of hemlock, which is taking place
in those districts to supply tan bark. He
estimates that there are about 10,000 cords
of hemlock bark peeled annually in that
region, and assuming that seven trees of
an average diameter of 13 in., and 36 feet
in length will furnish a cord of bark—would
equal 3 saw logs of 13 inches diameter, which
by Scribner’s rule gives 219 feet of lumber :
or 10,000 trees would make 15,320,000 feet,
This has been going on for the past four
years, so there must have been 61,320,000
feet of lumber felled during that time, but
not more than one million feet of this large
amount has been manufactured into lumber.
The balance has been l3ft to rot in the
woods, or which is far worse, to make kindl-
ing'wood for the first bush fire which may hap-
pen to break out near by, and which migh t
destroy the greater part of the valuable pine
or hemlock left standing. As long as pine
stumpage is cheap, and as long as pine can
be obsained, no one cares to go into manu-
facturing hemlock lumber ; and as tanners
must have bark the waste will go on and the
wood left useless. A portion of this bark is
peeled on patented lands, but the greater
portion, our correspondent says, is cut on
Crown Linds without leave or license, and
it is about time the government took some
steps to stop this waste, as the day is not
far distant when hemlock wil! be of more
value than the pine now is. 1n some places,
the bush is so slashed down that the refuse
seriously interieres with getting out the

ine.

We trust the local member for Muskoka
will give the matter his attention, Hem-
lock may yet be required to form a plank of
the Commercial Union with the United
States, advocated by that honorable gentle-
man.

—— +

GxnERovS.—Messrs. Rathbun last sum
mer, when the men in their employ at the
Eagle Mill, Ferry Point, threatened to strike
for higher wages, promised if they would
not do so, to divide $500 among them at the
close of tue season ‘Tue promise was kep
and the money divided among the men at
Christmas,

THE CANADA

DYES FROM SAW DUST.

Mr. John Blair, of Ardtrea, near Orillia,
writes to the Times, and says he noticed in
a late issue of that paper, an articie devoted
to the description of a new process whereby
certain waste products, such as sawdust and
decayed wood are converted into dyes of
various shades. Some three years ago, he
continues, I discovered and perfected a pro-
cess for the manufacture of dyes from saw-
dust, wool, hair and horn. At that time I
furnished several leading chemists with
samples of the new substance, which on ac-
count of its close resemblance to certain
products formed from indigo is of consider-
able interest. This compound (which I
have termed xanthogen) can be manufactur-
ed in large quantities from sawdust, or from
almost any organic material.’ One ton of
sawdust when transformed into xanthogen
would be worth at least $500 ; and the same
weight of old woollen rays when subjected
to the same process would be worth more
than $2,000. The above estimate would
seem incredible were it not that I am in a
position to verify its truth. It will be seen
from these figures that there is a mine of

wealth in sawdust and old rags for the en-
terprising capitalist. There are many other
ways in which sawdust can be util:zed, as
for instance in the formation of Prussian
blue. A mixture of sawlust, iron filings
and a small percentage of potash if heated
in an iron retort till all the volatile pro-
ducts pass off, and then if the retort be
closed so as to exclude the air and the heat
raised so as to fuse the contents, and then
if a current of pure nitrogen gas be passed
through it the iron will at once be converte 1
into Prussian blue. The nitrogen gas can
be easily obtained from the atmosphere by
passing a current of air through iynited
charcoal and afterwards through a column
of iron ore which is to be kept heated to a
temperature of 2,200 Faht. After the
heated gas passes through the ore the car-
bonic oxide is converted into carbonic acid
and the ore is reduced to a spongy metallic
state, and we have now a mixture ef C.02
and nitrogen, which when stored in a’ gas
meter through which lime water is circulat-
ting, removes the carbonic acid and pure
nitrogen gas remains, ‘This gas can be used
as above stated, and the spongy iron, after
it ceases to act on the carbonic oxide is then
in a fit state to be converted into Prussian
blue.

———- — —— & + @&+ 4 ———__—_——
DEFERRED NOTES.

Before the Caristmas holidays we had oc-
casion to make a trip westward as far as
Windsor, and being so near that great and
beautiful frontier city—

DETROIT,
we crossed to see how our cousins were
vetting along. Business was lively in al-
most every branch,—mauufacturing, build-
ing, buying and selling. Uncle Sam was
gay and happy. Immense quantities of
provisions and lumbermen’s supplies were
being sent north. The train for Bay City
was loaded with shanty-men. The local
prices of lumber had not changed much
from former quotations, but were firm, Re-
crossing to
WINDSOR,
the people there, too, were full of busi-
ness. The ferry boats are doing a large
business, transporting teams loaded with
cordwood and other produce from Canada
for the Detroit market. A few manufactur-
ing firms from Detroit, as will be seen by
reference to our advertising columns, have
established branches of their business in
Windsor. ‘This is to save the import duty,
which with the improved and increased
manufacturing facilities in the Dominion
enables our manufacturers to compete on
equal terms with those in the United States.
About a mile up the river is
WALKERVILLE,

founded, and im a great measure sus-
tained by H, Walker, Esq., the extensive

LUMBERMAN.

distiller there. His establishment is only
second in Ontario, to that of Messrs. Good-
erham & Worts, of Toronto, Every depart-
ment of the distillery is in the best of order
and condition. The machinery for grind-
ing, mashing, pumping, &., and a magnifi-
cent engine of 200 horse-power with a fly
wheel weighing nearly eleven tons—crank
shaft 12 inches in diameter, a 20 inch
cylinder of 42 inches stroke were manufac-
tured and putin by the Kerr Brothers of
Walkerville, who have a foundry near by,
The water works of the distillery, worked
by a 100 h, p. engine, has three large pumps,
said to be capable of drawing from the river
900 gallons of water per minute. The
establishment has eight run of millstones in
operation, and pays about $350,000 per
annum duty into the Dominion treasu
There is considerable traffic in this neigh-
bourhood in stave timber, and some oak is
brought in,
CHATHAM

was our next stopping place. This town
has grown rapidly within the past few
years, The large lumber yards are well
stocked with lumber and shingles. The
largest is kept by Messrs. H. A. Patterson,
& Co., who also manufacture sash, doors,
&c. There are several manufacturers of en-
gines, boilers, brass castings, &c, Mr. D.
Park has invented a maciine for making
barrels, including the heading. We ex-
pect to be able to explain this machine
more thoroughly with the aid of a cat or
drawings, shortly. Mr. R. Parkinsou’s
establishment, the Reliance Engine Works,
is also worthy of notice. Chatham can
boast of some excellent flouring mills, which
supply ‘‘ the staff of life’ to the population,
whether white or coloured.

Again aboard the comfortable but some-
what crowded cars of the G. W. Railway,
and

THE CITY OF LONDON

is soon reached. Here again all is bustle
and activity. Building to a considerable
extent is going on, The lumber yards are
tolerably well stocked. Prices are keeping
well up. A visit to the lumber dealers and
some of the manufacturers filled up all the
time at our disposal, The people seemed
contented and prosperous, We met Mr
McRae, of Glencoe, who is getting out a
large quantity of oak timber this season. He
reports the season’s work well advanced, A
short run on the branch line brings us to

ST. THOMAS,

a thriving town, the proposed terminus of
the Credit Valley Railway. The town is
growing rapidly, and will continue toiucrease
in importance. It has a large number of
planing mills and manufacturing establish-
ments, The Dexter Manufacturing Co. of
bent carriage and sleigh work are enlarging
their premises; C. Norsworthy & Co, have
constructed a tramway engine, to draw logs
and timber on pole roads. It is to work in
Essex Centre, where 14 miles of track has
been laid. We have uo doubt the flange
driving wheels carrying the locomotive will
work well. They are constructed to slide on
small steel rollers along the axle to accom-
modate irregularities in the width of the
track, but at the same time are stationary
on the axle as far as revolving with it is
concerned. The stock of lumber on hand
in St. Thamas is large, but as the demand is
good both in town and country, it will be
all required before next year’s stock comes
in. The farmers in the neighborhood gene-
rally are wealthy. We had a pleasant visit
with one of them, whom we had not seen
since we crossed the Atlantic with him from
Aberdeen, over 34 years ago. Resuming
our journey by way of Harrisburg, we stop
at
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD,

when limited time only enabled us to visit

¢

2

the works of the enterprising firm of Water-
ous & Co., whose steam engines, saw m

and other numerous and excellent manufac-
tures are known all over the Dominion,
Next we call at

DUNDAS,
which presents a beautiful view from the
railway station, With the exception of the

cotton factory, Messrs, MeKechnie & Bert-
ram’s establ shment, which turas out all
sorts of machinery, and has just been en-
larged ; an axe factory and planing mill,
there does not seem to be much going on in
that town. Its proximity to
THE CITY OF HAMILTON

has perhaps something to do with this,
Business is good in Hamilton, Manufactur-
ers say they have orders on hand to keep
them employed until spring. Building has
been continued during the winter. Mer- —
chants are in good spirits. Workmen have
plenty of work, and some new manufactur-
ing industries are about to be established.

A run by the Northern Railway brings
us to

GRAVEN HURST. -

This is a lively village and prosperous. Its
prosperity is chiefly owing to the number of
saw and shingle mills in the vicinity, and
to its being the terminus of the Northern
and Northwestern Railway, where, during
the winter season, all freight for the north-
ern region is reloaded, and drawn by teams.
The summer trade is mostly carried past, by
the steamers, to Bracebridge and Rosseau.
Several lumbering establishments have
branch offices here. S»me idea of the quan-
tity of supplies required may be formed
from the following list of lumb2r to be got
out this winter in the Muskoka and Parry
Sound Districts :—

Logs. Square. - Shingles.
Georgian Bay
(ear 4 70,000,000
British Cana-
dian Lum-
ber & Tim-
ber Co,...- 26,000,000
T. Smith &
Son... 15,000,000
Rich Power.. 12,000,000
Muskoka Mill
and Lumber y
ae Se 12 000.000
J. C. Miller.. 15,000,C00
Omario Bank
late Guelph
eee 9 000 000
J. Thompson 12,000,000
Dom. Bank, -
late — Sille-
man....... 6,000,000
TorontoLum-
ber Co..... 7,000,000
Wm. Tait. 5,000,000
T. Meikle. 4,000,000
J.M.Dollar 4,000,000 200,000
Messrs. Cock-
DUD wceeceoe 4,000,000
W oo ds tock
Lumber Co, 5,000,000
G. W. Taylor 11,000 000
Wm. Beatty.. 3,000 000
S. 8S. Cook... 1,000,000 200,000
Barton Bros... 60,000
F. H. Hull. 2 000,000
Abel Marshall 1,000,000 8,000,000
Boyd Cald- :
Wall scncnes 3,000,000 100,000 -
O. F. Wright
oak & pine 100,000
G.Chase & Co 1,500,000 r
5 & 5,000,000
Ker ....
Heath & Tait 1,500,000
W. Strath- >
eg 2.000.000
% nson
P. Bartholo-
mew...... 4,000.00
Other manu- ~
facturers.. 10,000,000 10,000,000
238,500,000 660,000 82,500,00

Messrs. Thompson, Smith & Son are also
getting out 25 million feet at their Duncan
City mills, Mich. Last season they cut 15
million feet at their Bradford mills; 2 mill-
ion at the Barrie mills, and 22 million at-
Duncan City mills. Their stock on hand is
Bradford mills, 6 million; at Dancan City
mill, 10 million ; Barrie, all shipped. They
employ about 600 men and 150 teams, The
Muskoka Mill & Lumber Co., last season
cut 15 million and have on hand 4,500,000
in lumber and 6,000,000 in logs.

BRACEBRIDGR,

This is the winter head quarters of the
British Canadian Lumber & Timber Oo,»

formerly H. H. Cook & Co. Mr. Robt,
Dollar is in charge, and has every thing in
good working order. We learned that. the
work is well advanced in the 9 camps they
are running. The early sleighing and steady
cold weather have favoured the wor
whole district. In some of the can
ping is completed and the logs will b
hauled before thefirstof February. Mr, Dollar

a

THE CANADA

Shipments from St. John.

A late St. John’s Globe says, the shipments
of deals from St. John to Europe and Aus-
tralia during the year just ended were very

large, exceeding by a large amount the ship-

ments in the two past years, and not being

far behind the shipments in 1877. For the
sake of comparison we give the last five

LUMBERMAN.

A New Articie oy Exronr.—Several car |

loais of sawdust have

over the St. John and Maine Railway. It

been shipped lately |

seems that some one in Boston is building a |

very large refrigerator and he tins it to hi
advantage to bring the sawdust from New
Brunswick.
~~ —-_ <— -
Imporrantr Sratisrics.—The following is
a statement of exports from Canada into
Chicago by lake during the seasons 0 1879

and 1880:

has ice sprinklers in operation for hardeni years :

t , ‘ ° 1879, 1880.
the roads. pon Superficial feet. | Lumber. .............494,000 755 000
Leg SUIS) (nt UC Gi dia hpi did sao CeO 192,975 772 TOs ae Eh 4st LODE 409 588
This important village seems rather dull Fees ibeiks 3 RAE POSE... os estes ee one 21,375 76,234 |
in winter, but it will have a large share of | eee Oe saan "1527349 000 te es POS ie oi ce 97 a ee
the advantages of the lumber trade whe UBBO bas ciccescsoss....210j012, 009 ail iy ee Ae "495

spring opens. Mr, Miller is constructing

2 ; Statement of exports from Collingwood
new iron furnace to consume saw dust, slab

The improvement in the English wood ( |!
to Chicago by lake during the season of

market early in the year gave an immense

. The other mills are refitting. Mr. : ; 1880 :
= ee deails ‘to increase aa acit impetus to the shipment of deals the past 1880.
a ty a f Mali season, and, as is seen above, nearly sixty Tambor are. ee ee Wa sono
his mill; last year he cut 3 million. T F t
£5, Y Rs Sound 4 million more feet were sent forward than in ATR a tn Bais Ret ad BUA PADRE 103,663
- i eons Party Pound are Shap the previous year with the result that tho ate Bia 4 3k ich rg a 4s pee
ave F p f Telegraph: poles... 5.3 0+0+0600% 20
leeta irene suave Y 3 market te sees tat and prices, in con UR TREE Ee cae 934
to connect with the Ontario & Pacific Jung. | °°UUen® te WWVLOOD cin ce btotois etaehelerelarabioterst none

tion. This would place their fine harbour
in direct communication with the Nor
West, and would place them within an ea
distance of Ottawa should they wish to
there in preference to Toronto.

) M’KELLAR’S FALLS.

The Messrs. Armstrong are doing a larg
business here, in this lumbering centre.
They have large contracts getting out logs,
keeping about 150 men at work, and repoit
the season very favourable for every bran
of saw-logging. :

Other ‘‘ deferred notes ” must be left ov
to another issue.

- —- ++
Toronto and Nippising Railway.

This convenient line of railway has be

doing a good business during the past year,

The lumber carried over the line is as fo -

lows :—

Jany. 574,000 feet. Feb. 286,000. Mar,
602,000. April. 588.000. May 477,500.
Janz 505,000, July 658,000. Aug. 766,-
500. Sep. 890,000. Oct. 673,500. Novy.
530,000. Dec. 305,000. Total 6,856,000.

The shipments were from Coboconsk,
Victoria Road, Kirkfield, Uxbrilge, Good-
wood, Stouffville, Ballantrae, Vivian and
Sutton. Should the new mills, contemplated
be put up in connection with Gull River, a
large trade will be done from Coboconck

* this year.

=_

Lumsrr Drivinec.—In New Brunswick,
lumber merchants are alive to the import-
ance of organization in boom accommodation
and river-driving. A company similar to
the Muskoka Boom and Slide Company is
about to be formed to conduct operations on
the Miramichi River. The Miramichi Ad-
vance referring to the subject says :—‘‘ If
logs are beyond certain points up-river the
complications which may arise in driving,
seriously affect market values, for the time
when delivery can be made, through the
booms at the miils, is a very important con-

sideration. Upto the present time it has
been in the power of any operator—large or
small—to impede the progress of logs to
market by not attending promptly to his
own drive when it became mixed with those
of others. Only last season, 20,000,000 feet
of lozs were kept out of the maiket for
months in this way and as the business be-
comes more divided up or new operators
come in the danger of interference with the
regular log-supplies coming down to the
mils will increase. The main river being
the common highway which all operators
must use, it is obvious that the common
interest can best be served by one corpora-
tion. A company can drive all the lumber
more cheaply and expeditionsly than any
tem combination of drivers. No one
will be in a position to hold back, in order
that he may delay another, while a great
deal of anxiety and watcifulness on the part
of oy once mi pe. pet. Let us,

e riving Company,
a Moa

| large value.
which he is commencing to make into col-

The stock of deals Bi hand now is com-

paratively small,—being in the vicinity of
twenty million feet, and as there is no imme-
diate demand the shipments for some time
5 | will be very light. A very busy season is ex-
pected nextyear, however. Lumbering opera-

tions are being carried on on an unprece-
dentedly large scale all over the Province, and
should the present depression in the home

market prove to be only temporary the year
1881 should prove a memorable one in the
deal trade

ot 8
LEATHER MANUFACTURES.—The Amherst
Gazette says :—The manufacture of various

| kinds of leathers and their products form an
| important part of the business of our town.

Mr. Cisey now employs fourteen hands in
his tannery, and theleather on hand, in
various stages of manufacture, represents a
He has 1,000 sheep-skins,

oured roans, His sales of leather to one

-| concern in the last three months amounted

to $3,300. Mr. R. Lusby also has 1,000

sheep-skins for his coloured roan factory.
The Amherst Boot and Shoe Company has
its usual number .of hands, and is rapidly
converting the leather into boots and shoes.
Mr. J. J. Leonard has begur an industry
which is new in the Maritime Provinces—
the manufacture of kid mitts. They are
made of finely finished stock, prepared by
himself, and the stitching is neatly done by
Miss Sibley. They compare favourably
with goods of the kind made elsewhere, in
all respects, and we hope buyers will give
them the preference to imported ones, Mr,
L. is turning out 78 pair a week. The har-
ness shops of Messrs. Read, Fraser, and
Sharp also use considerable quantities of
harness leather. Among the establishments
in the county, outside of Amherst, devoted
to the leather business, the principil one is
the steam tannery of Messrs, Upham
& McCale, Parrsboro, which has lately
opened with facilities for a large busi-
ness,

WooLEn MAnvFacturEs.—Thevalueofthe
annual product of the woolen mills in the
Dominion of Canada is estimated at $7,000, -
000. The Monetary Times has received esti-
mates from 79 mills whose products amount
to $4,250,000. The other mills on this

Ontario list will turn out perhaps $700,000

worth of goods. The Quebec mills named
turn out annually close upon $200,000
worth, This is exclusive of custom mills
and small factories, many of which turn out
coarse cloths. The Aimonte Gazette in re-
viewing the list of Ontario mills, says :—The
total product: of Almonte in this line,
is $530,000 per year. Sherbrooke stands
at the head, with a product of $640,-
000 a year, Almonte being the next highest.
The position to which our town has attained
as second in the Dominion in this important
branch of industry, is one of which we should
allbe proud, When the new worsted
factory and Sheard & Thoburn’s flannel
factory are in operation—and that will be in
a month or two—we will be ready to change
positions with Sherbrovke, and take the same
place for quantity that we now hold for the
quality of our woolen products,

By a comparison of the above fizures it
will be seen that Collingwood shipped to
Chicago during the season of 1880, one-
quarter of all the ties; over one-third of all
the posts, one-thirteenth of all the telegraph
poles, and nearly one-quarter of all the tan
bark received at that port by lake during
the season,

SH OO oo 2

Suippina ar St. Joun. —The St. John
Globe gives the following statement of ship-
ping on the registry books, St. John, at the
close of each year during the last quarter of

a century :—

Year, No. of Vessels. Tons.
USDOL Aacsts sere nneaiae sctenenaes 585 135,713
WS Ti ercshesnvstekdeeateeasccsac 543 138,669
SSG ee cs renecascssuenmeaeelsnisce 497 114,457
TBD OT sae vaneaceceosetbena cease ies 489 112,420
ISGOE sastasconenticieetnocgeeye. 492 123,425
1861... .486 137,873
Ls) 074 epee aaa OANA ND 475 135 247
1863... gavel 174,135
US Gaia a lscatne nse ster cee ore wire 570 185,700
1865... . 628 203,783
SG Gtr canes teancaseeeas 612 195.199
VSG [ie mcanecosns cuaite stone. noses 640 186.300
1868 .. 682 196 018
US GOR eemtec cesar divcralose 703 203,660
IS iO v cates niorceenere soceitese fee 734 214 814
1871... .. 767 226,727
1§72.. .814 246 485
MS TSie ..806 247 228
SWANS ocak sacuceteCreerconsecs.. 808 263 410
1875... . 802 263 204
1876... ..805 280 073
1877... 17 279 636
1878... 753 276 272
US RO sacaescmarete wean neesren cohsee 738 281,101
1880.. 700 275,879

SITUATION WANTED.
COTCHMAN, CAPABLE OF RUNNING A SAW
Mill wny capacity, 18 years experience ; best of re-

ferences. Address, Editor LUMBERMAN.

AUCTION SALE

—— 0F——.

Saw Mill, Wood and Iron Working
Machinery.

OHN McFARLANE & CO. HAVE RE-
CEIVED instructions from Wm Dingman & Co
to sell at their Warerooms, 55 Front St. Est,
On Tue=day, the 18th of January,
the whole of their stock, consisting of Stearn’s No.
3 Cireular Mill, Log Canter, 68 h.p, Engine. Planers,
Drills, saws, &c., &c. Ctx ogue on application,

HAYTER STREET

Wocd Turning & Sawing Factory

33 Hayter Street, Toronto.

JAS. F. HAINES.

WOOD TURNING,

BAND & SCROLL SAWING,
SHAPING, &c., &c.

Piano and Organ Fret Sawing
a specialty.
All orders executed on the shortest notice.

SG

ate by t, f ay
UW aR eee
ot fi Po Bere

Central Prison Industrias.

Offer vill be received t the noerseiy aup

r of
r .

| Thursday, the 20th January, instant,

1500 Cords of Pina Hemlock

MIXED SOFT WOOD,
d live af it 0 : ; £ . CP AL PK BON BRI! iva RD.
TORONTO, on or before the 15th of M xt
J. W. LANGMOUIE
Office :

Insp r of Prisons & F

Par/iameut | lings, I fats a
as MUSKOKA
Slide, Dam & Boom Company

18KOKa

Teuders for the following ks ic M
vec til Is f February next:

8. Slide at Gray }

9 Booms and Piers at }

10. Booms at High Falls

11. Piers, Booms, and Cribs at }

12. 400 pieces of boom
Muskoka Lake.

W orks to be complet

yation, 1881. Ten j
lowest or any tende 88 ; pied

Plans and specifications can be seen after 15th. of
January at the office of

R. DOLLAR, Manager.
BRACEBRIDGE.

CEIAS. M. I ARSEN

Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacqeured and
Enamelled Woodwi rs, Tarniug and
Carving in

WOOD, HORN, AND IVORY.

BILLIARD BALLS

Tumed and coloured'a specialty.
fa Meerchaum and Amber Godds reprired in
firs. class style.

77s King St. West, Toronto, Ont.
GLASS BALL CASTORS

For FURNITURE, PIANOS,
ORGANS, etre , the best and most
ornament] Castors in the market.
They greatly improve the tone of
musica’ ins ruments

RHEUMATISM, ‘NERVOUS-
NESS, SLEEPLESSNESS cured
by insnlaticg beis with them

Sold by hardware dealers.

Agents wanted.

i ADDRESS FOR CIRCULARS ;
Za Nass Ball Caster Oompany,
64, 66 & 63 REBECCA ST.,

EZ AMILTON, ONT.
1-Sm

The UNIVERSAL SUSPENDER.

SOME REASONS why they are the best: —

1st.—No Elastic requied.
2nd.—Is slack when stooping.

$8rd.—It never slips off the shonlders.
4th._Sold at prices of common suspenders.

Manufactured by 0. E. RAMAGE « OC.
90 BAY STREET, TORONTO.

a

10

Learning to Skate.

It is a mistaken idea that skating is simi.
lar to dancing, and as readily acquired. The
surfaze of the ice is dissimiliar to that of a
waxed dancing floor, and the inch or two
height of the skate—the difference between
the runner of the skate and the sole of the
shoe in bearing surface ; the fine ba!ance of
the body required to preserve the equili-
brium; the knowiedge of the right swing
and place of the unbearing leg; the posi-ion
of the head aud shoulders, aud the direction
of the eyes—all relating to the centre of
gravity aud governing the direction of the
skater, are matters to be studied. Know-
ledge to be acquired, and to be carefully ob-
serv2d in all movements in skating, which
is mathmetical to a vast extent upon the ice
skate, and perfectly so upon the Plimpton
roller skates, which cannot be forced out of
a true curve or straight line, while the ice
skate can. Therefore it becomes every one
who anticipates the acquirement.of the art
of skating to enter upon it not only as a
pastime, but with the certain knowledge
that the acquirements of the various move-
ments demand close study and application,
‘‘Practice makes perfect,” particularly in
skating. ;

We do not wish to discourage those who
wouid learn to skate. On the contrary, a
knowledge of the obstacles to be surmount-
ed communicated at the outset will prevent
discouragement later on.

Remembering that the pos:essions that
most endeavour are most dearly appreciat-
ed, you will realize that the skating move-
ments that demand the most labor are prized
most highly when acquired. Go at skating
with an inquiring turn of mind. Ask why
the unemyloyed leg should be behind in ex-
ecuting the outside edge roll forward and
why in front in the inside edge backward,
and the many other curious questions aris-
ing inthe mind of the learner, and solve
the riddles, or ask others todo so, until
the law is explained, and the proper position
will be involuntary,

Whatever you de, do it well, and learn
but one movemsnt at a time, taking the
simplest first. This would seem to be fool-
ish auvice, but look into it, There are
skaters who cannot skate the inside edge
roll forward or backward who pretend to do
the Bishop 8, Mercury, flying scud, grape
vines, one foot § snd joops, in each of which
the inside edge must be introduced to render
the movement complete. There are many
who have educated the right foot to the
execution of certain movements, and kept
the left in ignorance. These are not good
skaters. Make your skating perfect by
commencing on the first round ot the lad-
der, get firm hold of that before starting for
the next, so that when the top is reached
you can retrace your steps when necessary.
The simplest movement, the plain forward,
as well as the edges, enter into every com-
plicated combination, You might as well
attempt to read without the knowledge of
the alphabet, as to skate any movement
without proficiency in the rudiments. There-
fore periect yourself in the plain forward,
then both the inside and outside edges for-
ward and backward, then the threes and
you have the elements of all the movements
that can be formed upon skates. In respect
to

PRACTICE,

we would recommend its commencement in
the house, in order that you may accustom
yourself to the ‘‘ feel” of the skate and get
some idea of ‘‘ balance.”

** Having properly adjusted your skates
stand with your heels together and feet at
right angles to each other, body erect, lean-
ing slightly forward, arms hanging loosely
at the side, eyes gazing at some object twen-
ty teet or more in advance, legs touching
each fother, shoulders thrown back and
breast expanded full forward.

Never look down at your skates, or you
will throw yourself out of position and bal-
ance. Study this rule and accustom your-
self to observe it.

2, In skating, the propelling power gener-
ally comes from the un-bearing leg or the
leg which does not bear upou the ice ; there
fore place the heel of the right into the
hollow of the left foot, take one short, step
forward upon the right, at the same time
swinging the body well forward upon the
right foot, making that foot bear the weight
of the body,

3, Bring the heel of the left to the hol-
low of the right ; advance one step with the
left foot, throwing the body forward upon
the left,

These movements constitute ‘‘ plain for-
ward” skating. Practise thoroughly until

[nnn nn EEE tS

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,.

it can be done with ease, and without lia-
bility of the body swinging to either side so
as to lose the perfect balanze. If your left
is weaker or more disinclined to work than
your right foot, use it untilit is taught to
perform Its work and become as perfect as
the right.

After practising this movement until you
have reached a run, keeping the body well
over the skate, the toes well turned out, and
not allowing the off foot to touch the floor,
take the next movement.

4, Place the heel of the left opposite the
hollow of the right with the weight of the
bo ly upon the left. Raise the right care-
fully aid carry it over the left to the oppo-
site side, throwing the weight of the body
upon the right foot. Raise the left and
carry it to thefirst position, Repeat this,
moving in acircle, going from right to left.
Reverse the direction by placing the left
over the right and walking in a circle.

This movement is called the ‘‘lap-foot”
forward, and is a material aid to the move-
ment which follows, Practise it thoroughly
before attemptirg the next, and don’t be
afra’d to lift your feet well up and bend the
knees asin a walk around.

5. Stand with your toes turned in and
your feet ata right angle to each other.
Raise the left foot about five inckes from
the floor, slightly bending the knee, carry-
ing the left well over and in front of the
right, and placing it upon the floor in this
position throw the weight of the body upon
the left foot. Raise the right and carry it
well over and in front of theleft. Continue
this movement until perfect and you will
have accomplished the ‘‘ cross-roll ” for-
ward,

This movement needs thorough practice
to accustom the ankle to the turning in of
the foot.

6. A backward movement, necessitating i:
different position of the body. Stand with
the shoulders thrown backward, the body
leaning slightly backward. Be very careful
to observe the position, and if you desire to
spoil the movement and lose your balance,
lean forward. Place the heel of the left
opposite the hollow of the right, the weight
of the body upon the rizht. Raise the lef
and carry it behind and well across the
right, letting the weight of the body come
upon the left foot. Raise the right and
carry it to first position. This will take you
to the left, continuing which will form a
circle, Perform the movement in the oppo-
site direction by placing the right behind
the left, instead of the left behind the right.
Above all, lean backward, because it will
preserve your equilibrium and is the prope:
position of the body. This movement is the
‘lap-foot ” backward and needs much prac-
tice,

7. Heels together, feet at right anglis
and weight of the body upon the right foot.
Carry the left back ot and well over to the
opposite side of the right, threwing tle
wright of the body upon the left. Raise the
right foot and carry it around, back of, weil
over and to the opposite side of the left.
Lean backward and practise this thoroughly
until it is as easy as walking, and you will
have accomplished the ‘‘ cross roll” back-
ward, one of the most beautiful movements
upon skates, when properly executed,

Other movements can be practised in the
same way in the house, but if the learner
will perfect himself in these, he will find
the practice of the utmost value to him, anu
the performance of the movements on ice a
simple matter. Let body and limbs be elas-
tic, knees readily bent, ankle loose, arms at
the side, hands not clutching at vacancy,
but open with the palms facing the body,
knee of the performing leg always slightly
bent, every movement lightly and gracefully
executed, without apparent effort; and
above all, never look down at your skates,

a

A FoUR-YEAR-OLD child, saying her pray-
ers at her mother’s knee, having concluded
as usual, with ‘‘God bless papa and mam-
ma, grandpapas and grandmammas, uncles
and aunts,” etc,, gave a great sigh, and
said: ‘‘O mammy dear, I do wish these
people would pray for themselves, for I am
so tired of praying for them.”

TuE 3-year-olds belonging to Lord Fal-
mouth did so badly in all the great races of
the season that one is hardly prepared to
find him standing for the fifth or sixth time
in the last ten years at the head of the win-
ning ownersin England, But thanks,in the
main to the eight victories of his 2-year-old
filly, Bal Gal, who has won more money than
any animal of her age ever did before, the
occupies this position with a total of £16,-
061 won in twenty-one races, Of this total
Bal Gal has secured more than half.

Further from Mauna Loa.

CONTINUANCE OF THE GREAT VOLCANIC ERUP-
TION IN HAWAII,

The Chinese merchant steamer Ho Chang,
which arrived at San Francisco on the 16th
ult., brought the Hanolulu (Hawaii) Gazette
coutaining further details of tne great erup-
tion of Mauna Loa and other volcanoes near
by. Clouds of deuse smoke had hidden the
mountain the greater part of the time, but
those who had visited the scene described it
as grand and awful beyond the power of
words to express. The eruptio1a has now
continued for about six weeks, and the Java
stream had reached the woods near Hilo,
From Kilena it is reported that the stream
has changed its direction, and the Kapela
sugar plantations, for a long time regarded
as in danger, are now considered safe, Ke-
ports are up to the 6th of December, and
show the most active flow now is that run-
ning from near the summit of Mauna Loa in
a northerly direction towards Mauna Loa.
Clouds of smoke euvelop the mountain, but
at times they lift, showing the red river of
lava moving down the mountain. On Nov.
20, which was a very clear day, the eruptions
were plainly seen from their craters. Those
watching the mountain irom Hilo on that
day about dusk saw a sudden explosion from
one of these craters. A vast column of
material was suddenly thrown several hun-
dred feet in the air; several days after, an-
other clear day showed that the summit of
the 1nountain has undergone much change.
Three craters, each separated by about a
mile, were seen, and each seemed intensely
active. A correspondent who went up on
the mountain near the base of the flow says :
‘The lava has flowed about 25 miles to-
wards Hilo, and is now in the neighbourhood
of 20 miles away. It is from a quarter to
half a mile on the upper part of its course,
and lower from three-quarters to a mile
wide. It has entered the woods on one
side, and as it rises high above ‘’55 flow,’
which is specially high at this point, its
motion looks threatening enough, I did not
see any portion of it in motion at the lower
eud, but concluded that the motion was at
the centre and of a rotary nature, rolling
masses of clingstone to either side and form-
ing great piles as it rushed along. I saw no
‘rees burning, though the stream had ad-
vanced into the upper road, My theory is
that the head of the stream is not molten,
the liquid lava being underneath, and that
progress is made now, although not open,
‘unning down the mountain, thereby throw-
ing congealed and cengealing masses ahead
like puppet balls, pressing down trees and
immediately burying them as the river of
stones moves on, While all this is going
on old Kilau Mountain maintains its ancient
ieputation, and its three lakes are ip most
intense activity, each vieing to surpass in
brilliancy and beauty former displays.
Streams frequently flow from them, but
with no regularity.” Parties are visiting
the new eruption every day, and from this
side can approach the stream and ri Je along
almost its entire length of 18 or 20 miles
within a few feet of it. Th. ombined
length of the two streams, the 5 orthern and
the eastern, cannot be less t! an 40 miles.
One party has even venture 1 to sleep on a
spur of the new stream; enjoying its wramth
and a good nap.

——
inaction.

Great evils result from physicial inaction.
[t is well known that through the whole hu-
man system, strength and deve!opment come
only by exercise. Every unused muscle
shrinks in size and loses its force, and the
man or woman who lives chiefly a life of
passive repose will gradually lose the power
as well as the de-ire for activity. This,
however, 1s by no means the whole of the
evilinvolved. The connection between the
mind and the body 1s very intimate, and the
mental faculties cannot obtain their fuil
power, nor the character attain it highest
excellence, unless the body be kept in
healthful condition by salutary exercise,
Pure air and regular physical exertion are
necessary in order to think clearly, to de-
cide wisely, to reason acutely, to plan with
discretion, and to execute with vigour.
Strength of will depends largely upon
strength of muscle, and he who is weak and
flabby in the latter will in all probability
be feeble and irresolute in the former.

Tue Dvyclcss of Westminister died of
Friday evening at her residence at Bourne
mouth,

Cold-Footed Woman.

Says Dr. J. H. Handford in the ‘* Laws of
Life:” ‘‘ Lhe question is sometim2s asked
‘Who ever knew a woman to have warm
seet?” The Dr. thinks tais is 4 so ne vhat
extreme view of the matter, but still he ds-
cid-dly takes the grouad that women, a3 a
class, are victims of cold extremetics, Wits
the gallansry that impels every true mau to
defend womankind, I at once thought when
I read the Dr.’s opinion that it must be ex-
plained on the principle that cold hinds aad
awarm heart go together. Probably the
feet obey the same law of contrariety. But
alas! this pleasant theory is run out. The
Dr. ascribes the cold feet of womaukin | t»
the foolish habit of wearing thin and tight
boots. For this folly manis chiefly resvon-
sible. Almost universally, human beings
of the male persuasion adore small fe+t in
women. It is an absurd thing todo, but
mankind are absurd in many ts. I
never could see the special charm of a small
foot, but I never was, technically i
‘a lady’s man.” A pretty face never in-
spired me with rapture, unless there were
intellectual and moral qualites to match.
If a woman has a good mind and a good
heart ; she may wear a No. 10 boot for all
that I care. I would look at the eyes
beaming with intelligence and goodnes=, and
never think of her biz feet. But 1¢ is differ-
ent with the majority of men. And woman,
with that readiness to sacrifice to
please the other sex, which is eharacteristic
of her, will endure untold tortures to secure
the winning charm of “dear little fect.”
Dr. Handford very ungallantly says: ‘‘ The
false idea of the necessity of a small hand

and foot may depe.d on the nding
smallness of the brain.” 1 won ‘eather
ascribe it to the largeness and softmess of
the heart. But, be that as it may, the
vailing custom results in cramped, cripp
deformed, cold feet, and the sooner it is
abandoned the better it wil be for female
health and comfort. ‘.

The Irish Secretary.

The face of Foster, the Irish secretary, is
not, says Pan, an exect index of his mind.
He looks unbending, even morose, It is as
if he put on the grimace of what he would
wish to appear. There is an air of faded
ruggedness about his large and irregular fea-
tures. His bridgeless nose is thick and
round in the region of the nostrils, his
cheeks are wide and full, his anxious eyes
are deep-set beneath a massive forward
brow seamed with thought and half covered
with pale patches of hair, combed down
carelessly from right to left, He wears a
ragged red and gray beard and a mustache
—which gives the chief point of character to
his face—cut close to the top of the apper
lip, straizht across from corner to corner of
a wide mouth. Tall and somewhat fleshy,
with large feet and hands, and Jong legs that
are loose from knee to ankle, he walks with
quick, uncertain strides, and sits with his
body forward, toward the edge of the seat,
his chin on his breast, his eyes cast down,
and his hands clasped across the region be-
low the bottom of his waistcoat.

Fora man 62 years of age, Mr, Foster
displays extraordinary physical vigor.
the execution of his office he seems indiffer-
ent to fatigue and impervious to its effects—
unless, indeed, an occasional on the
treasury bench can be counted against him.
His manner of answering questions is short,
to the point, and in extreme cases, some-
weat imperious, His ordinary voice, how-
ever, falls pleasantly upon the ear ; it is that
of a scholar and a gentleman ; and when
roused to an effort of oratory,few men in the
house are more ivupressive than the rough
but accomplished Yorkshireman and worst-
ed manufacturer. Five years ago he was at
the zenith of his fame, and might have been
prime minister of England but for his in-
veterate habit of shilly-shallying. He could
not make up his mind that the party would
follow hi

Lorp BEACONSFIELD sent a presentation
copy of ‘Endymion’ to the Queen, to
which she devoted immediately ber first
mornings after her return from the Scottish

Highlands. The only other ladies who re-
ceived this distinction were Lady Chester-
field, who is a special friend of Bea-

constield, and whose late husband was an
associate of his in his youth, and Lady
Bradford, who is her sister. Lord Beacons-
field visits their country seats every season.

Tue wife and sons of the Russian grand

duke Nicholas are guests of King George at
Athens,

THE CANADA

{

Muskoka District. |
LUMBERMENS SUPPLIES.

To meet the demands of the LUMBERMEN IN THIS DISTRICT
I have opened out a

WHOLESALE SUPPLY DEPOT

At BRACEBRIDGE, where everything in the shape of Lumbermen’s supplies
or Furnishings, can be obtained in large or small quantities, at wholesale
rates.

Outside quotations or correspondence solicited.

F. W. JEFFERY.

NC MILLS, o

STANDAR OPPI
fe Alo FRENCH p CHO
STONES, SIMPLE, EFFIOIENT, PRAOTI=
OAL. OAN BE RUN BY ANY INTELLIG-
ENT MAN, NO RENEWING PLATES AS IN IRON
12 a CAPACITY MILLS. GRIND~
6 1015 BUSHELS PERHOUR eps WiLL LAST
Scr as A LIFE TIME,
4

MILLSTONE

CHOPPING

MILLS
FOR LUMBERMEN.
ey |

me 6ORIVEN GY
2108 H.P.

Wil grind as fine as any four-foot stone. |

Lumbermen, grind your own Horse Feed.

Guaranteed to grind any kind of grain, fine
four fot mill sti

1c,

coarse, equall: well -
WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO., BRANTFORD. CANADA,

Make your own Flour with our Portable Grist Mill.

PRICE, Grist Mill complete, $600. Capacity, One and a half

barrels of good flour per hour,

Send for particulars, address

Waterous Engine Works Co..

Brantford, Ontario, Canada

eT GBuAW& REN CE

LUMBERMAYN. 1]

Gi EaeM BEAT OFWw’'s ;

Manufacturer of and Dealer in

Lumbermen'ss Supplies,

Hotel & General House Furnishing Goods, Cooking Ranges & Stoves.

HOT AIR FURNACES, &¢, ,

Wholesale dealers in Tinware; Sheet Copper and Brass Goods, Coal Oil and
Lamp Goods. ¢@ Contractor for Builders’ Job work.

DUNLOP STREET, Corner Railway Square
Barrie, Ontario.

M. BRENNEN,

MANUFACTURER AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN |

‘Lumber, Lath and Shingles,

63, 65 and 67 King William-st.,
EAM TE LON, OMT.

Mills ard Timber Limits at Silver Creek,
Tiago P. O., Ont.

Bill Stuff cut from 10 to 60 feet. Cedar

Posts on hand.

Orders sent to M. Brennen, Tiago, P. O.,
will receive prompt attention.

THE GENUINE

Silver-Steel, Lance- i’ooth
Cross-Out Saw!

LUMBER YARD!

Corner Berkeley and Front Streets, Toronto.

Planing Mill, No. 57 Ontario St. - - : : Mills at Elmvale.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN

LUMBER, SASH, DOORS, BLINDS, &e.

Largest and Best Stock of Lumber in the City at Lowest Prices.

WE HAVE CONSTANTLY ON HAND A LARGE STOCK OF

SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, ETC., ETC:

Which we sell at Lower Rates than they can be had anywhere else in the City,

SPECIAL ATTENTION e1vex 10 FILLING OF BILLS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

Houses built on easy terms of payment. Houses to rent or for sale in any part of the city
s Best price paid for Lumber of all kinds, cedar posts, &c. a

It stands without a rival. and is the fast-
est cutting saw in the world. It has beaten
the best Canadian and American-made
saws 334 per cent, in every contest. Its
superiority consists of its excellent temper.
It is tempered under the Secret Chemical
Process, which toughens and refines the
steel. It gives a finer and keener cutting
edge, and will hold it twice as long as any
other process. We have the sole right for
this process for the Dominion of Canada.

None genuine that are not like the above
eut, with registered trade mark with the
word ‘*The Lance,” and Maple Leaf with
our name. Price $1 per foot.

Caution. — Beware of Counterfeits.
There are inferior counterfeits on the mar-
ket, which are intended to be sold ata high
price upon the reputation of thissaw. We
will send to any address a saw exactly like
any counterfeit, warranted equal in quality
or no sale, at 60c. per foot. Therefore do
not be humbugged into paying a first-class
price for a second-class saw. <A fact to bear
in mind is that if the material and temper are
not of the very best quality the shape of the
teeth amounts to nothing. A saw, like a
knife, will not cut fast without it will holda
keen, cutting edge. We have cut cff a 14-
inch sound basswood log in eight seconds
with this saw,

Manufactured only by

SHURLY & DIETRICH.
Manufacturers of Saws, Plastering Trowels,

Straw Knives, &c., &c.
GALT, ONTARIO,
December 10, 1880.

ALLANDALE JUNCTION HOTEL. _

Travellers by Northern Railway nave 15 to 2 min-
utes by ill trains, for refreshments. Solid meals
Tea and coffee at counter. Fine brands of liquors and
choice cigars.

@
E. 8. MEEKING Proprietor

ST. LOUIS HOTEL.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size,
style and locality in Quebec, is open through-
out the year for pleasure and business travel.

ST. LAWRENCE HALL,
PORT HOPE

Is noted for itssuperior home-like comfurts—a well
kept table, equalling the best Hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground floor, Walton Street, Pert Hope.

Wm. MACKIE, Proprietor.

*RASER’S HOTEL.
GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER. proprietor (successor to Doug-
land Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thor-
oughly renovated and refiiited that old established
hutel, so long and popularly kept and owned by
Dougald Brown, in the village of Gravenhurst, is
now in a position toattend to the wants of the travel-
ling and general public. Parties en route to the
Muskoka District, wiil find ** Fraser’s” a comfortable
stoppi place. The Bar and Larder are well furn-
ished. Convenient Sample Rooms for Commercial
Men. Good Stabling and attentive hostler. Free
*bus to and from trains and steamboats.

HOTEL OTTAWA,
No. 21 North Side King Square.

ST. JOHN, N.- B.

H. COSMAN, ekiese

Proprietor.

Terms, $1.00 to $1.50 per day.

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA,
JAS. A. GOUIN, - -
I8 THE
Favourite Resort ofthe Leading Public
men of the Dominion attending
the annual Sessions of

Parliament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Par-
liament, Public Officials, as well as those having
business with the various Departments of the Goy-
ernment. Itisalso the head-quarters of those having
dealings with the princely Lumber Manufacturers in
the great Pine Valley, of which Ottawa isthe acknow-
ledged centre.

Tue RUSSELL Houses being central, almost abutting
on the magnificent PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL
Burupines—the pride «f the Country--is thus con-
veniently situated for those visiting the City on pub-
lic business. But the location is also everything
that could be desired alike for the man of business
and the man of pleasure. A fewminutes walk brings
the guest of the Hotel within reach, not only of all
the principal business resorts, but also of the most
splendid Mountain and Valley Scenery that can be
seen anywhere, as also of the two almost unrivalled
Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau—and of the
extensive Manufacturing Establishments and Depots
ofthe leading Lumbermen. But, besides the beauti-
ful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, include=
the magnificent Ottawa and two ofits grand tributar-
ies—the Rideau aud the Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar- |
ently never-ending woods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be ob-
tained cn the Continent

THE RussELL House affords excellent accomodation
for 300 guests ; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and no-
thing is left undone to make every visitor feel com=§
fortably ‘‘ at home.,’

c]
@S Omnibusses meet the Arrival of
eyery Train and Boat. ‘

Proprietor.

—

«

aes

—_

Sn

_

el

i

12

MARKET REPORTS.

CaNnADA LUMBERMAN OFFICE, !
Toronto, 13th Jany. 1881.

Business has been steady during the past
week. Orders from western villages and
towns, however, are coming in freely, and
stocks are keeping up from northern and
eastern arrivals. Building continues fairly
brisk, no complaints of workmen remaining
idle for want of work. Dry lumber is getting
somewhat scarce. There will be very little
on hand by April. Reports from all quarters
relating to logging and getting out square
timber are most favourable. Good sleigh
ing all over the country from Sarnia to Cape
Breton.

TORONTO.
_WHOLESALE RATES.
Mill culls,. eee pe ODOM @ M00:
Shipp'ng cul. stocks....... 10 00 @ 11 00
Shipping culls, (in. box,).... 8 50 @ 10 00
Dressing inch, aioe eee le 0 @ 13 00
Flooring, 1} & 1% in,....... . 12 00 @ 13 00
Jois ing and Corse dae 9 50 @ 10 50
Millrun sidings.. -. 12 00 @ 14 00
Pickings.. wsse--0 Lf 00 @ 20 00
Clear and pickings. Hct poneAa get 25 00 @ 30 00
Lath.. . RBlanemecppone ce wd one a yen Cea Bn? 0)
Shingles, NOM LN 210 @ 2 20
INCOM elacsiisiecscsasiiie! steel 140 @ 1 60
LONDON, ONT.
RETAIL RATES.
Common Lumber.......... $12 00 @ 13 00
Stock boOardSe iiss siese s o0 14 00 @ 15 00
Clear in. and 14 to 2in..... 25 00 @ 30 00
Bill stuff, up to 16 feet..... @ 14 00
do, over 16 feet $1
for every two feet extra.
Flooring and vessel lumber. @ 20 00
Dressing Jumber rough..... 17 00 @ 18 00
Lath, per 1000 feet........ @ 4 25
Shingles No, 1, per M....... Ou2ne
do, per square,..... @ 200
OTTAWA.
The following are quotations in the Otta-
wa market :— .
12 in. stocks, good........$18 00 @ 20 00
12 sf S. culls..... 10 00 @ 10 50
10 f POOU Tee LOLO0K@ 818) 00
10 wv S. culls...... 950 @ 10 50
Strips, good.. . 17 00 @ 20 00
we sculls’... 650 @ 7 50
Sidings, 1}, 14: ‘and 2 in. "
good a ICBO RIC Re Gira eerie 23 90 @ 26 00
ch “ culls 900 @ 10 00
Lath (# 1,000 pes.).. 000 @ 100
Deals (# Quebec standard)
Ist. 0 00 @ 110 00
Deals (# Quebec standar d)
21d. 000 @ 65 00
Deals (7 Quebec stand: ard)

SUCK MMe Ms Hilcwis ess 000 @ 58 50
Cull deals ( M. ft.).. 650 @ 5 59
CHICAGO.

YARD RATES.
First and second clear, 1@ 1} in.., aie 00
First and 24 clear, 2in............. 5 00
Mhirdicleany wl @p2, Ws cieisinaltye sie ss 3B 00
Third clear, 1} iuch.. AS up Coy to)
Ist and 2d clear dressed ‘siding. Rafteeee 20 00
Ist com. dressed siding.............. 18 50
MECOMGICOMMOD yale siepeissrs cise cis, clots 17 50
Flooring, lst com. dressed.......... 34 00
Flooring, 2d com. diessed........... 32 00
Flooring, 3d com. dressed........... 24 00
Box ibds; Avalon. aad Wpiy ei ee cjlee + 43 00
Bossbds) By 4cinwand Wipes «ucnte « 37 00
ROSMDORLAS Cwatt eee ee 26 00
A stock boards, 10 @ 12 in., rough.... 37 00
BIStOCksbaseel UK) U2.) eee imine 33 00
Cistockabds 10° @ Din .. nw. 28 00
Common stock boards.............. 17 00
Mnlitboandsesni desis arcs $10 00 @ 11 00
HRIGM CAME INTO MDLE: otis fcve' «i tses ste site atten eRe 13 5)
Blenicine NOMA umes Re. Bienes 11 50
Common boards............ 11 50 @ 12 50
Dimeysionrstuihay cts uiee emir 11 50
Dimension stuff, 20 @ 30 fr..12 50@ 20 00
Small timber, 4x 410 8x 8.. 12 00
ROonmd ports, .Ced ars). cic mveeneene 15 00
Pickets, dressed and headed, flat.... 21 00
Piekets;(do.)/square). i605... ckcee seen 2 00
Pickeip amouc bs yt mens te ccs anne 15 00
Clearshingles sce. ii. x pusish Mists tehn meee GieeD
Extra ‘*A” shingles................ 2 90
S:andard ‘*A” dry shingles.......... 2 56
Shaded MeTAMOSAMOLCR scsi cjecie syns o: 1 10
Nova shinglenie ear oc. Ailes Os 1 50
Cadlar) shinglesiagy t's yng aluicueni ce. 2 50
Daath; ‘dry iiinvuudacs vtmeaddcweewe po

THE CANADA

BUFFALO,
We quote cargo lots :
AVpersiemu ei cise + senate ate $35 00 @ 40 00
(Obey aaah Aa igang oomiot acreten 16 00 @ 19 00
(Chillin meinewianona happids sac 11 00 @ 12 00

Assorted lumber in ear lots or boat loads :

83 nppers 1 inch.........+.. @ 40 00
Do. J} and 14 in .... 40 00 @ 42 00
Dor 2iimans .. .heaietneneacie thas 45 00 @ 47 00
Do. 24, 3 and 4 in. ppEea
Pickings 1 inch. 28 00 @ 30 00
iM 1} and 1h in, 33 00 @ 35 00
€f DA By and 4 ‘in,
special Popul aeeeneees ,-. 22 00 @ 00 00
Shelvin gern emutas terrane 22 00 @ 24 00
Cuttine hip ai eae oieasaye 22 00 @ 24 00
Sidings, com., 1 in......... 16 50 @ 17 00
«¢ 1} in. and over,.... 17 00 @ 20 00
Common, stocks............. 16 50 @ 17 00
Box, all thicknesses........ 13 00 @ 14 00
18 in XXX elie ae FP satiate NOU LO ae
18 inch clear butts. . se VION BUY
eats odaiAeer viilrkietedeae 175 @ 1 80

We quote wholesale prices of hardwood
lumber, delivered on cars or boat :
Walnut 4 inch clear.. peeust «os cpap) OO

§ inch, lsts and Onde. ee Oe ee 70 00
# inch, Ists and 2ads, 14 feet coffin
BLOCK. nc Sener LAS pone SonameTete cook 73 00
Itmmeh Wliststands2nd syst nee aie lee ae nO
1A a, LE ama Zimnche ri. wiceles ple petel= 77 00
24 inch and thicker................. 80 00
COUNPCIS Sc vadllokelb Mee die oierelst ets . 150 00
MEW. lLSup Xo! LOMLOS UO pete pnee ores rai ane 95 00
common in, & thicker,............... 55 00
CUE iB tno oy ObUcra Umea tute 35 00
GUNES MENA ela cociy orn beesctos. 35 00
White ash, Ohio Ist and fine 2nds,... 35 00
MWY Wehfelolel, VI 5 oauacerrnanaonoand 30 00
8 inch.. AP pionamoesanry chen 2)
“Zin coffin ‘stock, ‘14 ‘ft. fan RRR 30 00
square, 4x4 to 10x10............-. 33 00

Chestnuts, lsts and fine 2nds,....... 32 00

Maples: i (sestitiv.deie ao onte) tele tate biveraehetinnats 25 00

Witite oaks Olio) « eiaieienia. teen lO

Cherry, inch and thicker............. 55 00

Butternut te arctic acs ial careers 50 00

JENA LIOR As bocucobooKl. - 35 00

OLEVELAND.
ROUGH LUMBER.

Uppers, thick. .........-sc.veee eens $45 00
EeXC) ORIN AREE cuind oh orcocncter Che EO Cav CMe Bt 42 00

Boxy thie ve cuir taiialtenesiiie stabi 36 00
ARAGH evils chats cities tee myare ae(ees hein whats 32 00

24, 3 and 4 in clears special

Flooring BOD Gin; No; Wen). ace coe: OO
Dees . 24 00

Fencing stx P;, 6. -in, , No. th ae 16 00
ING U2 RO Ne eee ead capoty sareeteks 14 00

Select common, thick.............++ 28 00
The) «Wekoerfais Deotscicecro. con ep eR Meg 9 Onc 24 00

Common’) siineper qrecnente oc s bepteteeeeate SOU

Cull sv, Rasicerenls CeemeaneeUer en Esa coe sjan\s eoias 12 00

B. bds No. 1 12in. ie ortakicenceeteee AOU
INGO Bice sae ohcle te avi refers siete Renan ees 16 00
IN Qyags'ies avis Sau ere tere yee Rc CREE Re kentTe 14 00
No 1 18 ft. Foc ca cares Chae afecsune Ue
IN OZ ABest Pcie. s va usc seat ae lane 18 00
INOS SS unEhY peter cl tones ne asinaticne 15 00

BillRun sy COM Oates ten sees eae . 138 00

Bull stuff over 18 ft. adds
75c to $1 per ft. per M.

Shingles, XK... sadhcesswsteadiacceeenes sey 3 60
ClORE {OULES i xcs avec utr ecsctnberwenesses 2 60

Lath.. 2 25

Sar facing o one side adds to the price of
Troup heltumberc. seeder ee OO

2 sides.. eG. eine aae 1 RL OO

Norway bds and 1 strips. Tina dhteeawee etek 18 00
common. ye . 13 00

DRESSED LUMBER.

Flooring and drop siding clear....... $40 00
HOR po: esancking wee MUA aks acee OOO
select com. 28 00
common. 20 00

Siding, 4 in. bevel clear. 00
box. 5 . 20 00
select common. . 15 00

Working Inmber’ matching flooring and
drop siding, $2 ; working 4 in. siding, $4.

OSWEGO, N. Y.

Mhree Wppersven. «. vhs. « $40 00 @ 43 00
IRIOKID OS nit eehccr eer rae 30 00 @ 32 00
Pine} COmMOM eG. seus ae 20 00 @ 22 00
Gathinita. Ree Seeks 14 00 @ 16 00
SUUILSE poston teteshieieys ecg 12 00 @ 14 00
Mil rumiloteenerun tasters ices 16 00 @ 20 00
Sidings, selected, Linch. 30 00 @ 33 00

1h i WSODEE aot tise ek 30 00 @ 38 00
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet 16 00 @ 20 00

Galeetealss.. was ees aus 20 00 @ 25 00

SHIPPSrseek won ns 15 00 @ 16 00
Mill run, 1 and 1} in. strips 15 00 @ 18 00
Culls, selectéed............. 20 00 @ 24 00
1x6 select d. for clapboards 24 00 @ 35 00
Shingl.s. XXX, 18-in. pine 3 00 @ 3 75

XXX, 18 in. cedar..... s° 00 @ 3 50
Lath: vic teceavien ec heter 1 CONG wale To

LUMBERMAN.

ALBANY. , J

To New York # M. feet........... $ 100 J
To Bridgeporbsyseas a.» eee 1 25 Es lanade Street n
To New Haven tue. ssetyereee 1 25 PY oeh Fore ve.
To'Providence f. feuees ssa lesa ee 2 00 =
To Paw tucketj.ceseriee-s0 cme eres 2 25
To\Norwalk.t,' Agee eine ac
To Hartford. :.7-ee eee ecu eeramenn ae ee
To Middletown... - «uiiesniev ogee
To New Londons casey scare 1 75
fo Philadelphias.cne-p ss - 4 tsec's es 2 00

Quotations at the yards are as follows :
Pine, clear, # M..,....... ..... 48@60
Pine, fourthSicee une teee te tok fee 43@55
Pine, selectarermen ceetan me ce ainats 38@50
Pine, gqod -DOmsaryt ie ietea o> crstae 17@28
Pine, Com MmonewOxae rake is |. > ie sete 14@17
Pine, 10 in. plank, each.,.........: 38@42
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls............ 21@23
Pine boards; 10-tn\5- - sue. seb « center 25@28
Pine, 10-in boards, culls, each...... 17@18
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft. # M....... 28 00
Pine, 12-in. boards,"16'tt....\....... 28 00 ;
Ee ee Ronee i Pe ia re 00 MAN UFACTURER OF

ime, 13 in., siding, select.......... 42 00
Pine, 1}-in, siding common........ is 00}; MARINE ENGINES,
Pine, 1-in. siding, selected,........ 40 00 MARINE BOILERS,
Pine, l-in. sidiag, common......... 16 00
S prsicel basnis, esuay aman 1g| | Propeller Wheels & steam Yaehts
3pruce, plank, 1}-in., each......... 20 Send for Illustrated Circular.
Spruce, plank, 2 in., each.......... a0 ex,
Spruce, wall strips, each....... : UPS
Hemlock, boards, each............. G. in PENDRITH,
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each.......... 30
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4............ 94
B ack walnut, good, # M.......... 85 00 GENERAL
Black walnut, §-in............0.65 78 00
Black"walnut, 2-10). vsqmwv vis eelere vad 78 00
Sycamore, /l-in.s yer, sree cman geen 28 00
SYCAMOTE; B-10s5.. + cin «ua aero 22 00
White wood, 1 inch and thicker:... 40 00 -
White wood, § inch.../............. 3000
Aph yea nian dttere, el tte cate Pate 43 00 —_—_—
Ash, second quality... |.:i%s<0sines ste 30 00
Cheary, :2000é in iuiretet «nets giakies 60 00} * .
Cherry, common... :..........., 3500| 59 Adelaide Street West,
OF) ae 0): Seems GLa ame oa. nc 42 09
Oak, second Pika Riley (OGRE rk. 25 00
Basswood . “ ee TORONTO. a%
EtiokiOrys 27. ; sees N ieee tee tae 40 00
Maple, Canada,..; ».%. ../.< ceeasn nether Oe —--
Maple, American............e02s000. 20 00
Chestnintasc.s00 oe. nomteeian ers dee 40 00
Shingles, shave, pine..m. Jose 6 00 8= Piano-stool screws a specialty,

o 2d quality.. - ane ee
Shingles, extra, sawed, pine. a - t 4.25
Shingles, clear, sawed, pine....... 3 25
Shingles, cedar, mixed............ 2 75
Shingles, hemlock................. 2 00
Lath, hemlock... cvccen sees. ee
ath; prance... bins aileies aaa 2 00
DETROIT.

Yard rates, continue as follows : TREAD T THI S Ns
Uppers, all thicknesses....$40 00 @ 45 09
Soleatg), .. s.csictesi oe eee eed 35 00 @ 38 00 1 F. cma team D ae ee
Fine common, thick....... @ 30 00 Dear sir,—The watch which I
No. 1 common stock, 1x12.. 16 00 @ 18 00 |) sclected from your Catalogue wa-
vlan shin pers, 1x12.... 13 00 @ as 00 pg oe pom Phase “

ooring, select. 4 ot @ 25°00 with it ; im fact, if [had person-

R ego, £3 vans a her @ 22 00 } = ate Le Ls age Mt lo jen bA
fing, matched......,... @ 16 00 = ;
ay ne, ples ete abe > _ + : line Piero H tan new vr)

COG. a ates hug ale ona @ 20 0 1 t t -
B commou. oad ache eiee @ 16 00 aia’ ? abi efgure ~ oo ‘
Ceiling, select........-.... @ 30 00 Youn. vesaaiay :
COMAIIOTIAN Ei ene cee ance @ 25 00 |
Shipping vous 0s sie eies @ 12 00 Send ]
: = d fer our new catal and
Mill cull boards........... @ 10 00 velit ‘on appl fl
Dimension or bil! stuff to 16 is = yition,, * ont
f6Cb ro. osu dee @ 14 00 Xx
18 to 24 feet. @ 15 00 F Crum lon, .
. longer than 94: feet. .ct .. 16 00 @ 20 00
hingles, clear, 18 inch.... @ 400 ing-st. East, :
clear, 18 inch..... @ 275 nie >i)
Daath is ie deg ee @ 225 TOLONTO. gs

a Os ————

PAPORLITYS

EID & CO., WHOLESALE LUM-
BER DEALERS. Lumber, lath, shingles, &c
Car lots to suit customers. Best culls in the mar-
k t for fr m $6 t» $7 per M.
Orrick ON DockK—Esplanade, foot of Sherbourne
Street, loronio

THE

Intercolonial Coal MiningCo.,

offer their fresh mineral bituminous Coal from
their

DRUMMOND COLLIERY

F.0.B cars, deliverable at stations ef th» Inter-
colonial and Grand Trunk Railway.

Apply to
Intercolonial Coal Mining Co.,
26 St. Francois Xavier Street,
MONTREAL,

The coal is now beiag receivedat Toronto by several
of the dealers—W.J. Keith, C, J. Smith and others

a Se

= «.— —-_

_—_——_ ."

THE CANADA

wy)
, &s ‘, (gue

ye al

i 7 V/
Dili

| i i Wine
IN IHI

=i [aT va

ATLA ‘i ull E

this House stands at the head, having manufactured clothing in Toronto
FOR OVER FORTY YEARS and always gave

satisfaction to customers.

THEY IMPORT THEIR OWN WOOLENS FROM EUROPE,

and manufacture the Clothing on the premises.

GENTS’ ALL-WOOL SUITS, $7.50, $9.00 and $12.00.

GENTS’ FINE WORSTED SUITS, $11.75,-$15.00, and $18.00.

GENTS, SHIRTS, UNDERCLOTHING, TIES, GLOVES.

R. WALKER & SONS,

GOLDEN LION, KING STREET, TORONTO.

q oF 395
J[PSurYy

(eg) Aguou

pur
MoU ve JO UU 24) UT spues
0} Aequiosqns plo AwAyT — “FOILLON

*TaqLOsqns Meu 243 1Oy QUO

Jo} OvULUTY SIYa Jo Adod ¥ 9sATEDeI [TIM

*oluor1O Ty, “sorg YSnoBueg 0} x0 ‘sr19]]9s400:
aeaqiiosqns

Zz

p

8529
=> o3
ga5°
od
esis

GREAT BAR-

OR SALE, AT A

CURED, are DI
gain, 320 acres of excellen!

. = PTURE sian:
by Mechanical Tr atment CHAR. 4 t
r corns: S$ Patented Spiral Truss. 16,000 11
© use, the essence of Mechanical Science for |
Cure of Rupture, Pad only one ounce, ani
fm cannot get E put of order. Spinal Instrument
Aq new designs ; very light, free motion. Cli
id foot warranted toqnre in one year, new Jn
S44 strament; no fail( Bee whe parents, 5a
whose children were cured. no cutting: u
pain. Send for Illustrated Circular.

3 CHAS. CLUTHE, Surgicai
ae eiies 118 KING ST. WEST, TORONTO, ONTARIO

TO LUMBER MERCHANTS

WM. MONTEITH,

River, in Cheboygan Co. Michigan.
Editor of the CANADA LUMBEI\M A»

ALL KINDS OF
MACHIN E

AND

Produce & Commission Merchant BURNING OIL!

25 Church-street, Toronto,
Can supply Lumbermen and other buyers with
MESS PORK,
C.C. & L, C. BACON,

wuts beaxs,|§aml, Rogers & Co.,
33 ADELAIDE ST. EAST,

TORONTO.

s% Send for Samples.

DRIED APPLES,

CHEESE,
&e., &e., &e, !

at lowest markot prices.

a! ming land, heavily

timbered, and well watered by a Hranc h of the Pigeon

Apply to the
1-tf.

ene GITY Ol WORKS |

LUMBERMAN.

} OBERT STEWART,

Wholesale
Doors, Sash, Mouldings, &c,, &c.,

5-3m,

Hardwood Timber Land for Sale.
1200 ACRES iB ABD WO aD

tailway, Cobor
T CO,, Oshawa.

and Retail Dealer in Lumber, Lath,
GUELPH, ONT.

"OR SALE,
timber lard near Nip ssing
kasy terms: OSHA VA CABIN

Timber Limits for Sale.
\EVERAL MOST VALUABLE TIMBER

W jimits on North Shore of Lake Huron.
For particulars apply to

THOS. SHORTISS,

Imperial Bank Building, Toronto.

TIMBER WANTED

ASH AND PINE. |

Railroad

REY OAK, BLACI K

Standing timber waited ; also Oak

Ties. Address, with full particulars,
S. S. MUTTON & CO.,
TORONTO.
P.S.—A 35H. P, Engine and Boiler for sale, low,

LAUDERI& THORNTON MFC.CO.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Steam Gauges, Vacuim Gauges

ENGINEERS’ & PLUMBERS’ BRASS GOODS, &c.

98 Adelaide Street East,

Steam Gauges correctly tested and a

Toronto.

TELEPHONES, aa
$5 to $20 per pair

Wire 3} to 5c. per
rod. Sent by mail on
receipt of price.

First Prize at In-
dusirial Exhibition,
7 §, Toronto, 1879 and

" 1880. Works two
miles. Speaks loud
No battery or call bell to get
Uses the direct sound wave, and is
No infringement on other patents,
Jut the thing for
their resi
FARMERS! put up ine to i
inteae evenings, AGENTS |
Exclusive territory ¢

and clear.

Simple.
out of order.
easily erecied,
No royalty or rent to* pay.
offices, and for business men to connect

dence and store.
neighbour’s for
WANTED. siven to live men

HOLT TELEPHONE CO.,

Toronto, SAL

iSAW GUIDE!

Self Oiling—Ready Adjusting.

ey

———

— |
iy 2a magn

G. W. Rodebaugh’s patent Saw Guide will recom-
menditself to every practical sawer. All that is re-
quired is a trial.

No heating of Saws. No danger in setting.
free of charge. The whole complete only $25.
Manufactured in Canada by

KERR BROS., Walkerville, Ont.,

who may be applied to for further particulars ; or
address ;

G. W. RODEBAUGH & CO.,
WINDSOR, ONT,

Trial

GILLIES & BEYER

FOUNDERS & MACHINISTS,
Carleton Place, Ontario.
WE BUILD

STEAM ENGINES

Of various sizes, working excellently.

TURBINES AND COMMON WATER
WHEELS, GRIST AND SAW
MILL MACHINERY (¢
ALL KINDS.

We have just furnished to the “ Keewatin Lum
bering and Manufacturing Co., Keewatin, N W.Y.,
a tuperior Stock-gang.—binding rollers in two, and
operated by belt—gate with solid ets cris. Also
the most perfect twin circu ar elabber- yet made, to
which the attention of Lumber manu ufa Aurere is
specially invited. These with the machines pre-

viously made for them are regarded the bes et spe-
cimens of a wooden saw mill. Reference may be
made tothe manager, JOHN MATHER, Esq., until
lst Feb. al Ottawa, aft erwards at Keewatin.

Shingle ‘Machines,

ETC.,

ETC.,
Custom Carding Machines & Pickers,
Hard-Waste Pickers, etc.,
Rotary Pumps, Presses,
Trip aud Drop H2mmers for Forging,
Shafting, Gearing, Pullies, etc.,
For which we have a large and first class stock of
NEw Patrerns.
Our facilities for doing good work are u ISU passec d

in Canada, and we are confident of being ab
orders in any of the above branches satisfactorily.

All kinds of Castings and Forgirigs made to order.

REPATIRS

Of MACHINERY promptly attended to.

+

K= Plans and estimates will be furnished, if re-
quired for Mills, etc.

We have lately
premises the entire
owned by the ** Alo

purchased and r.moved to our
stock of PATTERNS formerly
ynte Foundry,” and will there-

in future to duplicat pair any ma-
We always keep on-hand a small stock of Saws.
Beltiny, sles ¢, Brass Fittings, e: cy and-camrsup-
ply anything not on han! at short notice.
Carleton Place, Dec , 1880.
PRACTICAL

FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS,

Manufacturers of

MARINE HORIZONTAL AND

PORTABLE ENGINES,
BOILERS,

GRAIN ELEVATORS,
anp STEAM HOISTS.
SAW & FLOUR MILL MACHINERY

with latest improvements a specially.

The Abel Edward's Centennial Turbine

Water Wheel,

Rodebaugh’s Saw Frame, Mill Dogs and
and Saw Guides.
Water-works, the latest and most improved
made to order. -

Light and Heavy Brass and Iron Castings.

Plans and specifications on applicatiou.

The Walkerville Foundry,

—< A ND——

Machine Works,
Walkerville, Ont., Dec., 1880.

14 THE CANADA LUMjBERMAN.

DOMINION BELT & HOSE COMP’Y HEWITT & CABELL

JAMS D. McARTHUR, - Manager. GENERAL WOOD WORKERS,
MANUFACTURERS OF 8 Sheppard St. = - Toronto.
‘Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting ! crore
Fire Engine Hose, Lace, Leather, Stair Newels,Balusters, Hand Rails,
OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, ETC. ETC. Ramps, Mouldings, Brackets, Fence-pickets,
Stitched and Ribbed Belting Made to Order.

and everything requisite for the finishing of Houses, ete,

i | Double always in Stock Send for Samples and Prices. Gig Sawing, Band Sawing, Shaping, Sticking, Wood Turning, &. &c.,
’ ’ , ’ ; . o

‘6 COLBORNE ST,, TORONTO, DONE BY THE HOUR,

83° Patterns furnished and designs drawn for Scrolls and other work. All orders
promptly attended to.

r) 66 9) >
ELLIOTT’S “1880”. LACE CUTTER |>
Is the first absolutely perfect tool ever made for cutting all kinds of lace leather eithe lJ
thick or thin, Lacings of any I>ngth or width may be cut and pointed by the most inex- J
perienced, The price paid tor cutting one side of leather will buy a Cutter with which
you eS cut just the sizea lacings needed for each yarticular belt.
Price 75 Cents. S§ nt by mail on receipt of price. Address

WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO,
Brantford, Ontario, Canada, 4

SOLE AGENTS IN THE DOMINION FOR

O &
EWART'S PATENT DRIVE CHAIN E 8

No Friction, Tension, Stretching ; runs Fast, Slow, Perpendicular, Horizonta or Half Twist.

Equals Castor Oil, and

rranted not to Gum.
uns) 07 JOU peqTUBIIe MA

pue ‘TIO 104s" sTeudg
SNIA3S10 WOOILS

It will give the subscriber much pleasure to forward, post free, to any address, on application, a
pamphlet, containing instructions and inf srmation that have been found of the greatest practical use to
dealers and consumers of machinery oil in Canada. It contains the fullest information as to the differ
ent kinds of oi!s, their qualities and uses, thus geo Fi the consumer to make choice of the very oil
best adapted to his wants, and also en vables the merchant to select the kinds most likely to be in
demand in his neig shborhood. This pamphlet shows conclusively that oils properly masufaetured from
petroleum, are vas ctly superior to any animal or vegetable oil. 1 am now making the same — se of

‘Extra” and ‘*XX” oils I manufac ‘tured from 1870 to 1878. They are guaranteed not to thieken wit
extreme cold, and war ranted to give »atisfaction in every particular. Beware of Agents soliciting your er-
ders without my trade-marked order-book. Address

GEO. B. STOCK,

P. O. Box 1146, 6, Foronto. —

—a Nothing Like It Yet Seen

Best Sawdust Carrier. Best Lumberman’s Chain. Best Chain for
® Rolls. Address

Waterous Engine Works Co., Brantford, Ont., Canada.

Highest! Awards at} a=

wer

TORONTO, 1880. - lst Prize and Diploma.
HAMILTON, 1880, _—— a3 ce
LONDON, ‘ «“ o

cml
a

THE @. KS SS
}
|
° “ane R| G

a 2

ee LNMNFAL HUY a THE PEARL DRY ‘HOP OP YEAST

PaR.
FOR » SALE « BY «ALL = BOOKSELLERS Ready in a moment, and unaffected by time or weather.
EY AND-:MAILED,: FREE*ON-RECEIPT-OF-PRICE*BY*THE : PuBLIsHER fy s@ Ask your grocer for it or send direct to the factory.

Pr A at ee PEARL YEAST Oo,

Torowro cso} | Box 1164, P. O. 89 Front Street East, Toronto.

2

FILES RE-CU
THOMAS GRAHAM,
File Works, 35 Sherbourne Street, Toronto, Ont,

ding

Old Files reground and re-cut equal to new for
use. During the past year I h®ve re-cut nearly
3,000 dozen of old files for mill owners and others
in Ontario and Quebec. Prices—per dozan for Mill
Files, 8in. $1.50; 10 i1 $2; 12 in. $275; 14in.
$.75. Other kinds pro rata. Quotations from these
rates to larse consumers.

CHB Se Al TR ae Fa

MIDLAND RAILWAY OF CANADA

AND

Whitby, Port Perry & Lindsay

RAILWAY.

NOTICE TO SHIPPERS.

All freight for points on the ab ve roads
should be shipped via the Grayp TRUNK
Rarnway, when it will be f rwarded by the
shortest route without transhipment and at
the cheapest > ates.

Fast Freight Trains Run Through To
Peterboiough, Fenelon Fa'ls, Kin-
mount, Minden, Orillia, Lindsay, Hali-
burton, Midland, and Waubaushene,
connecting with fast steamers for
Parry Sound and Byng Inlet,

For rates, etc., apply to local agents, or to
A. Wuire, General Traffic Agent, Peter-

borough.
GEO. A. COX,
Managing Director, M. R. of C.

JAS. HOLDEN,
Managing Director W., P. P., and L. Ry.

Great Western Railway

TICKFTS to San Francisco aud all Points on the
Pacific Coast, both Overland and by Pacific Mail
Steamships from New York. Winnipey and the
horth West by all Routes. London, Detroit, Sns-
pension Bridge, and ail the principal points in the
Unsitap States, both east and west, with the fullest
information of Routes, with Guides, Time Tables,
Maps, &., Freer.

SOLE AGENCY FOR THE
WHITE TAR LINE,

To Liverpool, Lo: donderry, Queenstown, Bel-
fast and Glasgow.

T. W. JONES, Agent,

3 York Street, Toronto, near Queen’s Hotcl.

JOHN MCGREGOR & SONS,

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF.
STATIONARY,
MARINE, and
LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS,
and SHEET IRON WORK

Portable oilers for Tires’: ¢ Machines, Shingle
Mil s,¢¢,, furnished on hore notie. +1) Boilers
tested by cold watr prs-ure ty 150 Ibs. ty tie
squareinch b fre e.vin the shop.

SECOND-HAND MACHINHRY
nought, sold, or taken in exchange for

Lew wor,

REPAIRS PROMPTLY Al (ENDED TO

183 Atwater St., Detroit. Michigan.
BRANCH SHOP—-

Cor. Glengarry Ave. & “tuart st.,
WINDSOW, ONTARLO.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 15

J. NEILL & SONS.

IRON FOUNDERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF

i i

STEAM ENGINES, BOILGRS SAW MULL

MACHINE RY-

Front and Esplanade Streets, Opposite the Queen's Hotel,

TronRon TO.

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

OR SALE, IN THE BEAUTIFUL

town of Orillia, a very commodious brick house
with out buildings and garden. Terms moderate.
Apply to Editor of LuMBERMAN, Toronto.

DOMINION HOUSE. |

BRACEBRIDGE.

A good house inevery respect. free bus to and
fromthe wharf. Terms, $1 per day. j

R. GILCHRIST, Proprietor.

ORILLIA HOUSE.
ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building; best north
of Toronto; splendid sample rooms : centrally loeat-
ed ; free 'bus.

JOHN KELLY, Proprietor. |
| ema BROTHERS, |

Brokers, and general Produce-Proyision Commis- |
sion Merchants, 24 Water Street, Saint Joan N B. |
Highest References provided. Consignments solici-
mi Correspondenee respectfully requested. Returns
promptly made. |

W. R. MACKENZIE. D.G. MACKENZIE,
EBSTABLISHED 1874

| tary encampmenta, 1
proof or plain. Prices frem $5, upwards.

12m FOR

Use
>

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Electro Curative Appliances —

Relieve and cure Spinal Complaints, General and

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National Manufacturing Co.,

Nervous Debility, Rheumatism, Gout, Nervous-
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ness, Liver, Kidney, Lung, Throat and Chest
Complaints, Neuralgia, Bronchitis, In-
cipient Paralysis, Asthma, Sciatica,
.Sprains, Consumption, Sleep-
eseness, Colds, Indigestion. =
Ask for Norman’s Electric Belts and you will be
safe against imposition, for they will do their work BRACEBRIDGE,

ep et wo ee one oromnel ile Watches and Jewellery,

| (late of Georgetown,) having lately urchased

A. NOBMAN, 4 Queen Street Kast, Toronto. ie above hotel, will eutenvor to make te one of

. | the best houses in the District of Muskoka. Tourists

N.B.—Trusses for Rupture, best in America, and | and huntivg parties will receive every p: ssible atten.-

Electrie Batteries always on hand at reasonable | jon, Free ‘bus to and from the steamboat wharf.
prices. Terms, one dollar per day.

QUEEN’S HOTEL, FOR BARGAINS

CALL AT

RYRIE’S, the Jeweller,

113 ,Yonge-st., Toronto,

a a a

ee

16

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

——s SS a
| Ee. EK. DIXON & CO
, e tte E, eo}
MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

{

:

i

Ottawa,
Hamilton,
London,
Toronto,
Toronto,

x., Philade phia,

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition,
ee ‘s

LEATHER BELTING
va

ce se

Industrial Exhibition,
ee

, Centennial

Send fcr Price Lists and Discounts.

81 Colborne St, Toronto.
PIANOS! ORGANS |

| None eauing unless with a STAR on the head of rivets.
r

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THE CROWNING TRIUME OF THE BELL ORCAN |

the fetes enak Extibiti ion, Prowiiey: mate aan, th: Ss year, “for their Gra ans “over ‘all ne Eng lish an ie
American makers. ‘This along with the un! ‘imited «wards, prove that

bea Gy Sb et ie ae
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a oe
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a
SS i Se ee
Sees oS soe
eS & oO re
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= — — ro)
ES ew ie ate) |S)
fs § eau ws
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rae ie 8 forte
nae a Sa
cite: to Ses
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Pee pees By
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a SRS 0 SS
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uf: 8 arg nd Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that we
have ae nearly ib 000 a: ves that ee are the bert in the markct,

We guar: ntee allour Orgars fer five

years.
Correspondence inyited,

Illustrated catalogue mailed free.

W. BELL & CO.,

4] to 47 East Market Square, GUELPH, ONT.

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.| $150 AND _ $200 | PER DAY.

The Queen's Hotel, Toronto, Canada.

To Engineers, Saw Millers, ke;

THE HANCOCK

INSPIRATOR

Is undeniably the best Boiler Feeder
in the world, Can be operated while
the engine is at rest. All sizes
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GEORGE BROWN, Proprietor,

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Radi Patronized by Royalty and the best families, Prices graduated according to rooms,

“G :
Rr)” “eR

PUBLISHED)
_ SEMI-MONTHLY. j

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

( SUBSCRIPTION
1 $2.00 PER ANNUM

POL. 1.

‘NO. 10.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., MARCH 15, 1881.

THE RIVER, STREAM AND CREEK ACT,
_ Whatever view the reader may take of the
bill now before the Ontario Legislature for the
purpose of “ Protecting the Public Interest in
Rivers, Streams and Creeks,” everyone will
concede that it affects interests of vital import-
ance to those engaged in lumbering operations
and deserves the fullest consideration and dis-
cussion at their hands. The following are the
provisions of the bill as introduced by the Com-
missioner of Crown Lands,—the Hon. Mr.
Pardee :—

1. So far as the Legislature of Ontario has
aathority so to enact, all persons shall, subject
to the provisions in. this Act contained, have,
and are hereby declared always to have had,
during the spring, summer and autumn freshets,
the right to, and may float and transmit saw-
logs and all other timber of every kind, and all
rafts and crafts, down all rivers, creeks and
streams in respect of which the Legislature of
Ontario has authority to give this power; and
in case it may be necessary to remove any
obstruction from such river, creek or stream, or
construct any apron, dam, slide, gate-lock,
boom, or other work therein or thereon, neces-
sary to facilitate the floating and transmitting
such saw-logs and other timber, rafts or crafts,
down the same, then it shall be lawful for the
person requiring so to float and transmit such
saw-logs and other timber, rafts and crafts, and
it is hereby declared always to have been iawful,
to remove such obstructions, and to construct
such apron, dam, slide, gate-lock, boom, or
other work necessary for the purposes aforesaid,
doing no unnecessary damage to the said river,
creek or stream, or to the banks thereof.

2. In case any person shall construct in or
upon such river, creek or stream, any apron,
dam, slide, gate-lock, boom or other work,
necessary to facilitate the floating or trans-
mission of saw-logs or other timber, rafts or
crafts, down any such river, creek or stream,
which was not navigable or floatable before such
improvements were made, or shall blast rocks,
or remove shoals or other impediments, or other-
wise improve the floatability of such river,
creek, or stream, such person shall not have the
exclusive right to the use or control of such
river, creek or stream, or to such constructions
and improvements ; but all persons shall have,
during the spring, summer and autumn freshets,
the right to float and transmit saw-logs and
other timber, rafts and crafts, down all such
rivers, creeks or streams, and through and over
such constructions and improvements, doing no
unnecessary damage to the said constructions
and improvements, or to the banks of the said
rivers, creeks or streams, subject to the pay-

ment to the person who has made such con-
structions and improvements, of reasonable
tolla.

%. The foregoing sections, and all the rights
therein given, and all the provisions therein

made and contained, shall extend and apply to
all rivers, creeks and streams, mentioned in the
first section of this Act, and to all constructions
and improvements made therein or thereon,
whether the bed of such river, creek or stream,
or the land through’ which the same runs, has
been granted by the Crown or not, and if
granted by the Crown, shall be binding upon
such grantees, their executors and assigns.

4, The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may
fix the amounts which any person entitled to
tolls under this Act shall be at liberty to charge
on the saw-logs and different kinds of timber,
rafts or crafts, and may from time to time vary
the same; and the Lieutenant-Governor in
Council, in fixing such tolls shall have regard to,
and take into consideration, the original cost of
such constructions and improvements, as well
as the amount required to maintain the same,
and to cover interest upon the original cost.

5. The foregoing provisions of this Act shall
apply to all such constructions and improve-
ments as may hitherto have been made, as well
as to such as may be in course of construction,
or shall hereafter be constructed.

6, All persons driving saw-logs, or other tim-
ber, rafts or crafts, down any such river, creek
or stream, shall have the right to go along the
banks of any such river, creek or stream, and to
assist the passage of the timber over the same
by all means usual amongst lumbermen, doing
no unnecessry damage to the banks of the said
river, creek or stream.

7. If any suit is now pending, the result of
which will be changed by the passage of this
Act, the court or any judge of such court,
having avWhority over such suit, or over the
costs, may order the costs of the suit, or any
part thereof, to be paid by the party who would
have been required to pay such costs if this Act
had not been passed.

Mr. Pardee subsequently moved the House
into Committee of the Whole and moved that
the following clause be added to the bill :—
“That every person owning such improvements
may make rules and regulations governing the
transmission of logs and timber, but no such
regulations shall have any force until approved
of by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, who
may cancel such regulations and from time to
time approve of new ones.”

The motion was carried.

Mr. Pardee, still later, added another new
clause, providing that the tolls imposed should
be a lien on the lumber, recoverable before a

order the sale of the lumber to secure the tolls.
The period during which the lumber is liable to
seizure was limited to one month.

The bill was read a third time and passed.

Nor less than 75,000,000 feet of Canadian
lumber was imported in Burlington, Vt., last
season—a great gain over 1879,

magistrate, who, in default of payment, could,

TIMBER ON ROAD ALLOWANCES.
Toronto, Feb. 24.—In the Legislative- As-
sembly on the motion of Mr. PARDEE, the

House went into committee on the following |

resolutions :— 1. In case the Council of any
township organized as a separate municipality,
or the Council of any united townships, have
passed or hereafter pass any by-law for preserv-
ing or selling the timber or trees on the Govern-
ment road allowances within such township or
united townships, and included in any such
license, the corporation of such township or
united townships shall be entitled to be paid,

out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of this |

province, a sum equal to two per centum of the
dues received by Her Majesty for or in respect
of the timber or saw logs which, during the ex-
istence of such a by-law, were cut within the
said township or united townships, under the
authority of such license ; but no corporation
shall be entitled to such percentage of the dues
received for timber or saw logs cut during the
times or seasons when any timber or trees on
any such road allowances were cut or removed,
for which cutting or removal such corporation
had, before the fifteenth day of February, one
thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, ob-
tained a verdict against amy such license or
nominee. All money to be paid, as aforesaid,
to any municipal corporation shall be expended
in the improvement of the highways situate
within the township or within the senior or
junior township in respect of which such moneys
were paid.
junior township or townships of such united
townships may be entitled shall only be in res-
pect of the dues received upon timber or trees
which shall be cut after the thirteenth day of
April, 1881.

The resolutions were carried without amend-
ments,

PINE CULTURE ON WASTE LANDS.

Hitherto the abundance of natural timber in
this country has made it easy to dispense with
timber culture, and for the most part our land
owners have taken little interest in such slow
growing crops. This state of things, however, is
rapidly passing away. ‘The demand for special
woods for manufacturing purposes is steadily
and rapidly increasing, while the natural supply
is diminishing and must ultimately become
quite inadequate. Meanwhile there are mil-
lions of acres of land suitable for timber culture
and for nothing else, except poor pasturage, that
our land owners are allowing to lie waste and
idle for lack of a little forethought, and too fre-
quently our would-be thrifty farmers will risk
their surplus means in wild-cat speculations,
promising but never yielding large and speedy
returns, when the same money spent in planting
timber would convert their worthless swamps
and stony places into very valuable properties.

A correspondent tells of a piece of land that

2. The percentage to which the |

|
| was planted with walnut 23 years ago.

This
| land was flooded every spring and summer, and
| was unfit for ordinary cultivation. The trees are
now from 16 to 20 inches through, and have
| been sold for $27,000.
as to the cost of planting the grove or the amount
| of attention it has had during the years of
growth. There can be little doubt, however,
that the investment was small in comparison
with the return, and the land would otherwise
have remained entirely unproductive; to the
contrary, the timber crop was so much clear
gain. It is clear that our national resources
might be enormously increased by a_ similar
| utilization by timber culture of lands which are
now unused and unproductive ; and the planters
will find their groves a surer investment for the
security of their family possessions than any
savings bank deposit.—Scientific American.

No particulars are given

LUMBER ON HAND.

The Lumberman’s Gazette of the 23rd Feb.,
estimates the amount of lumber on hand in the
Mississippi River and tributaries, the Lake
Michigan, and the Eastern Michigan and Lake
Erie districts, and at miscellaneous points in
| the same neighborhood as follows :—

1881. 1830. 1879.
Miss. Valley.. 873,367,528 704,807,256 585,001,797
| Lake Michigan 821,440,673 727,267,181 694,576,721
E Mich, L Erie 698,646,768 548,749,000 518,745,000
Mis’c’ls points 116,500,000 78,500,000 89,500,000

Total.. ..2,509,954,969 2,059,323,437 1,887,823,518
The Gazette thinks these figures are probabl,
accurate enough for purposes of computation, if
due allowance is made for what has been sold
since the reports were made and for that which
is not available for immediate use. So far as its
being green or dry, that can only be of con-
sequence at points where rail shipments are to
be made, for lumber cut last fall will be con-
sidered fit to go on the market as dry by the
time navigation is open.

MIDLAND TIMBER SUPPLY.
The following is the estimate of the timber
tributary to the Midland Railway for 1881 :—

Smith & Macdougal.................. 150,000
Maxnvalle. si) a.cke ss = shames ee eee eee 100,000
PHS (COOK can aes hs eh nee 100,000
BUreonVBLOsesee cass + pene eee ees 200,000
Naple?) ects th yc.ch <2 eens eee eres 150,000
StOUNCGi.. suis nGkcak abe hae ace neces 25,000
BUGS Ts Seed. GGs ccc ween eM bn = 100,000
Coulson *? 2265 oes 2.5 5 eet OD
Sawin’ Sc) Boytl< 2 sos tex oa-1 ce Ree ies 250,000
Strickland) Bresekkes ek wcosesscse ss “..130,000
1 LEE AE S556 QOBS ena Soa Soe 20,000
IDHGOMPSOWs ¢ «ok ves ew Sk. cS ok eine =o 40,000

1,375,000

It is estimated that two-thirds of this amount
will consist of board timber.

ToRONTO is estimated to have consumed 40,- ~
000,000 feet of lumber, 15,000,000 of laths and
10,000,000 shingles during 1880. =

|
|
|
|
|

NOTICE.

The undersigned having transferred the

Canapa LumBprMan to Messrs. Toker & Co.,
Peterborough, it will in future be published by
them. The facilities possessed by this extensive
and old established house, and the high reputa-
tion of the publishers, should be a guarantee
that the LuMBERMAN will command a prominent
position amongst the leading journals of the
Those who should patronize it are a
The field is
ample, and as the undersigned made the transfer

day.
wealthy and influential class,

above referred to with a view of improving the
LumpBerman, he feels assured that it only
requires the combined support of those in whose
interest it is published to ensure it that success
which was anticipated when he first established it.

Allsums due for subscriptions must be paid

to Toxrr & Co., or their duly authorized agent.

ALEXANDER BEGG, =,

/
ys

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

4

February 24, 1881.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription ;:

One copy, one year, in advance.......+.+.+++++-
One copy, six months, in advance.........- Gear

Advertising Rates:

Per line, for ONE year.....0..seeeeeeeceseserenes
Per line, for six Months........eeeeeeeeceeeeere
Per line, for three Months.........eesseeeeerees
Per line, for first insertion.....6+s.. sere eeneeee
Per line, for each subsequent insertion to 3 mo’s.
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)

per annum y
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)

Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
least three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Toker & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CaNapA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. MARCH 15, 1881

/ INTRODUCTORY. a
Tn undertaking from henceforth the publica

tion of THe CANADA LUMBERMAN, we feel that
it is due to our readers to lay before them the

principles on which the management of the
paper will be conducted, which we trust, will be
such as to benefit the trade and to secure its
support. Peterborough is not without its
advantages as the location of the organ of the
lumbering interest. The operations for which
it is the base are of considerable importance
and it is situated centrally between the great
sites of lumbering activity of the Ottawa, the
Bay of Quinte and Georgian Bay. Thus it will
have no sectional preferences or prejudices, but
fairly represent the trade at large.

Tur CANADA LUMBERMAN will be purely a
trade organ, and will be absolutely non-
political. It will contain those accurate
statistics which are necessary to the trade as a

basis for intelligent operations.

the markets, with which the trade have to do,
be carefully reported, but the most trustworthy
information possible will be obtained from each
locality of the production of timber and lumber,
and of the stock in hand,
however, we feel that we need the co-operation
of the trade, and no information could be so
satisfactory as what might be supplied by a
local secretary or some other recognised repre-
sentative of the trade for his particular section.

measure that may be for the advantage of the
lumbermen,’ but at affording a means by which
they may express their wants and wishes, or
exchange ideas on subjects of interest to them.
By this means also we hope that their mutual
action may be facilitated. With this view we
will gladly receive communications from those
interested in this great industry.

/We also trust that Taz CanapA LUMBERMAN
may be a medium through which improvements
in machinery, and other matters intimately con-
nected with the production of lumber or timber,
may be brought under the notice of the
operators, who may thus readily find in our
advertising columns information which would
be found with difficulty amid the varied
announcements of other journals.
such a medium will be readily appreciated by
the lumbermen, and by all those haying dealings
with them,

will be diligently collected, and matters of
interest to them will be discussed and advyo-
cated.
~ Tur LUMBERMAN will advocate the establish-
ment of a Bureau of ‘‘ Woods and Forests” in
connection with the Provincial Government.
00 | It is generally admitted that the interests of the
Provincial treasury are identical with those of
the limit holders, and there is room for legisla-
tion to protect the public revenue, while at the
same time guarding the vested rights of the
timber licenses.

Not only will

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

In this respect,

We will aim not only at advocating any

The value of

All information of value to the trade at large

We would call attention to
the following statistics of the receipts from
forests and Crown Lands in Ontario alone since

Confederation :—
Year. Woods and Foresta. Crown Lands.
1867 (6 months).$ 107,648761 $ 59,090 49
TSS aivieele cnelsicle 234,209 85 184,983 57
TEES Vans celeste 435,630 78 211,163 95
NCVOSER eho Gondod 425,901 07 121,036 49
DST ayaisteanteelete inte 215,973 28 453,403 20
VOT 2 is cin cisinreyioivie'e 903,952 19 193,168 98
UST vciicesesewiss 643,637 56 189,665 36
yy prateueeontete 342,943 97 162,154 43
LB CD vin cejsisisieeres 449,354,756 80,014 41
STG stellate eee 437,998 77 82,254 49
DB iidcistinrs ainiete sete 426,556 67 86,750 29
UBTS ichran's, cnrenta 284,816 62 62,452 77
LO 7Oaiueieeralsiableera 332,014 47 45,670 22
SSO ste caieioalninate 601,442 17 88,867 90
Total\eciccnect $5,742,080 76 $1,920,676 55

Average receipts $425,339 30 $142,339 30

It requires no great effort of the imagination
to perceive, that with a continuance of the
present system, the period is approaching when
the sources of the yearly revenue and of the
past surpluses of Ontario, derived from the
bonuses accruing from timber lands and the
Crown dues on logs and timber, will no longer
exist, and when the means for the public
expenditure of the Province, to this extent,
will have to be derived from some other channel.
Although it is now late, practical and judicious
legislation may postpone this evil day. THE
LUMBERMAN will, from time to time, with the
aid of the collective information and suggestions
of the operators in the lumber trade, suggest
how this may be done. Unfortunately, in the
past, legislation has brought the settler and the
lumberman into antagonism. Without discuss-
ing how this has been brought about, it will be

a leading object of this paper to uphold that
purely timber areas should not be left open to
settlement until the tfmber has been exhausted,
To determine and locate these timber areas, is a
matter that should be dealt with at once by the
purposed Bureau of Woods and Forests.
may be asserted that the present Crown Lands
Department is a Bureau of Woods and Forests,
but a very slight acquaintance with its workings
and a retrospect of its management would show
the correctness of the ground we are determined
to maintain that a department which has to deal
both with our timber areas and with the sale
and settlement of our Crown Lands
double responsibility upon its shoulders that
cannot be carried out satisfactorily to the
public.
place all the wild land should come under the
supervision of the Bureau of Woods and Forests.
Their dictum being obtained as to what portions
should be reserved for lumbering operations,
those lands excluded by them as not strictly
fulfilling the conditions of a timber area, should
then be dealt with by the Crown Lands Depart-
ment and exposed for sale from time to time as
might be deemed advisable.
the past succeeding Ontario Administrations
have thrown into the market large areas of
timber limits purely and simply for the purpose
of creating surpluses, which have given them a
great deal of trouble to dispose of to the general
satisfaction of the different parts of the Pro-
vince,

are aware, there is a sort of fictitions settlement
that invariably follows the track of the lumber-
man, and will continue to do so if the lands are
open for sale,
settlement that has originated those large fires
which have destroyed, as it is claimed, almost a
third part of the pine timber of Ontario.
course we suggest for dealing with this question

would reduce this fire risk to a minimum.

perly come under the jurisdiction of the Bureau
of Woods and Forests, These and other im-
portant questions as they arise will be dealt
with by THE CANADA LuUMBERMAN in the
interest of this most important industry, and
we trust so to advocate their views as to be
looked upon as their representative and to

It

has a

The process might be, that in the first

Unfortunately in

Had the evil stopped here, however, it
ould not have been so bad, but as the public

It is generally this fictitious

The

The plantation of new forests would also pro-

secure their support.

WANTED.
The Publishers of the CANADA LUMBERMAN

desire to obtain a reliable and well informed
correspondent in every lumbering centre in the

Dominion of Canada, and to that@nd would
ask those disposed to act as such, to communi-
cate with them at once, stating the facilities they
possess for obtaining reliable, early and full in-
formation as to the lumber trade in their
respective districts, and the renumeration which
they will expect for their services as such
correspondents.

Chicago’s Lumber Trade.

In the attempt to give an idea of the extent
of the Chicago lumper trade at the present time,
figures delude and dissatisfy. It is easy to say
that the city handled, in 1852, 148,000,000 feet ;
in 1872, 1,184,000,000 feet ; in 1879, 1,500,000,-
000 feet—the last figures representing one-third
of the entire manufacture of the North-West:
but ‘‘ millions” convey no startling idea to the
layman’s mind. It may help a little, however,
to mention that to bring this lumber into the
city would require average arrivals of thirty
cargoes per day for two hundred days, each
containing a quarter of a million feet; or that
if a number of canal boats, each containing
one-eighth of a million feet, were loaded with
the importation of 1879, and placed in a line in

to end, from Albany to Rochester—three hun-
dred miles.—Harper’s Magazine,

regret that in the first issue under their manage-
ment they are compelled to ask the kindly
forbearance and consideration of its subscribers
and readers for the short comings connected
with the present issue,
easily understand it is no easy matter to increase
both the “‘ out put” and “ variety ” of a “ mill’s
run” on a moment’s notice, and yet that is just 4
what the present publishers have been called
upon to do, both in the editorial and mechanical
departments of their printing mill.

publishers turn out the LuMBERMAN in an
entirely new dress, which, independent of the
change of place of publication, involved con-
siderable extra labor and loss of time in procur-
ing the material therefor, and that. instead of
filling its columns largely with general reading
matter taken second-hand from their other
publications, they have filled it throughout with —
matter pertaining specially to or having a bear-
ing upon the trade in whose interest it is
published, even though the selection may not
be all that could be desired, and certainly not
such as they hope to make it as soon as the
various parts of the machinery connected with
its publication have been completed, and got
into proper working order.

ing that it was only on the 25th ult.—one week
before the present number should have appeared
—that the present publishers came into .
sion, they trust that the late appearance
number will not only be held excusable, but
that the decision to date it ahead to the 15th
and thus omit the one which should have appear-
ed on the 1st of March, in order to give them a
fair start, will meet with approval, and that
the evidences contained in the present number
of the publishers’ desire to render the CANADA
LUMBERMAN what its name implies, will obtain
for them that sympathy and support through
which alone they can hope to attain success in
their present undertaking.

recently to this winter’s operations in Canada,
under the above caption, concluded with the
following paragraph :—

Canada not long since issued an Order in

the Erie canal, they would reach, touching end

TO OUR READERS. et
The publishers of the Canapa LuMBEEMAN

As most of them will

The reader will, no doubt, observe that the

Bearing these things in mind and remember-

this

CANADIAN LOG OPERATIONS.
The North-western Lumberman in referring

“The Government of the Dominion of
Council increasing the taxes upon timber from
10 cents per log, for logs 16 feet and under, and
15 cents for all over that length, to 12 cents on
the shorter, and 20 cents on the longer. Against
this the lumbermen have made a most
vigorous protest, the new rates being considered
outrageously high. The Premier urges the
great need of teh Government for a higher
revenue, but while holding out no encouragement
that a reduction can be hoped for, will lay the
matter before the Cabinet.”

Our excellent contemporary is astray in the
above statement. The Dominion Government
imposes no taxes either on timber or logs except
for the use of slides and booms, constructed and
maintained by the general Government and for
culling ; in respect of which no increase—nor
indeed change of any kind has taken place for
some years. Each Province of the Confedera-
tion of Canada has control of its own timber,
which was so arranged at the time of Confedera-
tion. The only timber owned by the Govern-
ment of the Dominion is in the Province of
Manitoba and the North-west territories in
charge of the Department of the Interior, and
no increase such as that referred to by our
Chicago contemporary has taken place and fees
or dues imposed on the products of limits for
which licenses have been granted them. It
probable that the Vorth-western Lumbermanhas —
reference to an Order in Council passed in
November last by the authorities of the Pro-
vince of Quebec, increasing the dues on saw-
logs in that Province, in opposition to which
the lumbermen interested held a meeting at
Ottawa in December last, and passed resolutions
asking the Local Government to modify the
Order.

Mr. Davip Moors has sold his limits west of
Pembroke to Mr. J. R. Booth for the sum of
$133,000,

THE LIVERPOOL BROKERS’ ANNUAL
CIRCULARS.

The Liverpool brokers are in the habit of
making up their yearly returns to January 31st,
so that we have only just now received the
following annual circulars—many of them very
ably compiled—from which we take the follow-
ing extracts :—

‘Messrs. Farnworth & Jardine state that the
past year commenced with improving prospects,
nd the trade looked forward to a more active
and profitable business ; stocks generally were

dicated a moderate production for the year;

ely early in the season, which unfortunately
ad the effect of unduly forcing the production
abroad, especially of deals, and so togsome
ent nullifying these favorable expectations ;
however, there has been an improving trade,
and, with a few exception, the results have been
fairly satisfactory.
In the aggregate the import has been 53 per
ent. in excess of 1879, and 8 per cent. beyond
the average of the last seven years. The con-
sumption has also increased, but not in the
eratio as the import, having been only 25
per cent. in excess of 1879; but still it does not
reach the average of the last seven years by 1
Pp cent. The stock is much in excess of last
year, which was unusually light, but it is also 13
per cent. more than the average of the last seven
years, and is somewhat unequally distributed.
It may, however, be noted that the stocks at
the American shipping ports are unusually
small, therefore the imports during the next
¥ months are likely to be on a much reduced
e.

& Prospects are fairly promising for a moderate
‘and steady trade, but last year’s supplies were
too large, and, as we commence the year with
full stocks, we must strongly urge upon ship-
pers to use a little more judgment and discre-
tion, and not press on the market every foot of
‘wood they can possibly produce, otherwise all
calculations will be upset, and both shipper and
‘receiver must suffer.
_ Messrs. Duncan, Ewing & Co. state that the
year just ended cannot be said to have been an
unsatisfactory one, though it has been shorn of
much of the brightness it showed in its earlier
months, by the excessive imports which were
poured into the market during the latter por-
‘tion of the import season. Prices have given
way recently under the continued pressure to
sell, and, as the stocks on hand are quite ample
to meet the probable wants of the market until
the opening of next import season, there is
little chance of any improvement taking place.
Looking at the state of matter as it exists at
“present, the fact that speculative building has
been carried to an excess in nearly every part
of the north-west of England, and the stocks on
hand in Liverpool and other adjacent ports are,
apparently, more than will suffice for the next
six months, it is evident that the utmost caution
should be used by exporters in sending supplies
of timber, deals, etc., to this part of the
country. At the same time, the brighter side
“must not be lost sight of; business throughout
the country has slowly but steadily increased,
and a feeling of confidence in the future im-
ee of the general trade of the country is
_ making itself felt. So far as regards the timber
‘trade, much of the effects of this revival will be
_ discountad by the heavy stocks now on hand,
which are ready to meet any increased con-
sumption as soon as it sets in.

Fifteen Hundred Miles a A Minute.
The cable message to Australia respecting the
Hanlan-Trickett match was an ordinary achiev-
ment in telegraphy—in fact, it has never been
; The total extent of lines—namely,
000 miles—was travelled in one hour and
enty minutes. The greater portion of this
ime was occupied in transmitting the message
through India. From Singapore to Sydney,
5,070 miles, the mexsage occupied only thirty-
five seconds in transmission. This message was
er sated fourteen times, from station to station,
eAween London and Sydney.—Sydney Mui.
Or

excelled

Bronson & Weston have taken out

100,000 logs on the Schyan and Black

vere this winter, of fine white pine, cut on
imits bought from the Egan Estate.

, prices moderate, and advices from abroad

iyers were thus encouraged to operate rather

there should be, when it becomes known that it

the Ohio sandstone, whilst the latter costs about

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

HEATING ROOMS.
In some new styles of open fire-places recent-
ly introduced in France, use is made of a hot-
water circulation to warm one or more chambers
from waste heat of an open fire in a room below.
Seventy percent of the heat of an open fire,
whether of wood, coal, or gas, is spent in heat-
ing the chimney flue, or is thrown away out of the
top of the chimney. Attempts to save this
waste heat have been often made, and there are
base-burning stoves in this market that heat
two rooms, the one below by a stove and the
one above by a hot air flue in the chimney.
These stoves work well, but are still somewhat
wasteful and are generally vicious, because the
air heated in the flues is often taken from the
room below, instead of from out-of-doors. The
Frenoh stoves made on this plan appear to be of
much better design, as they have more heating
surface. The water circulation stoves consist
simply of a cast-iron water-back placed in the
chimney above the open fire, and connected witha
system of flow and return hot-water pipes in the
rooms above. A cheap and unpatented method
of economizing the heat of an open fire would
be to give the fire a rather large flue, and in this
flue, extending downward from the room above
and reaching nearly to the fire-place, to hang
two pieces of wrought-iron pipe (an inch in dia-
meter), joined at the lower end by a common
coupling, or ‘“‘return bend.” One of these
pipes must be a few inches longer than the other
and must be connected with the flow-pipe of a
hot-water system, the shorter pipe connecting
with the return pipe. Every housekeeper is
aware that a few feet of brass pipe bent around
the inside of a cook-stove will supply a family
with abundance of hot water, without apparent
effect on the fire. The stove cooks as well with
the pipe as without it, and the heat in the hot
water is a direct saving of heat that would
otherwise go up the chimney. In like manner,
a length of pipe hung in a chimney will save
heat that otherwise would be lost, and by a well-
designed water system the heat may be used to
warm a room on the second floor. Where strong
coal fires are maintained in open grates, a second
pipe reaching down from the third story might
also be added, and another room might be warm-
ed by the same fire.—Scribner’s Monthly.

DEFERRED NOTES.
BRANTFORD OILY.

When in Brantford recently, we were shown.
in the works of the Waterous Engine Company,
a portable flour-mill, complete in itself. It
only occupied a floor space 12x20 feet and stood
12 feet high. The wheat was first elevated into
the smut mill; thence into the hopper over the
stones; thence through the 20-inch standard
mill-stones, conveyor and elevator to a portable
bolting chest, from which the flour in different
grades is discharged. The mill, which was
ready to be shipped, has a capacity of turning
from 6 fo 7 bushels of wheat into good flour per
hour. These mills being well adapted to the
wants of large lumbermen, are being added to
saw-mills in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and
Manitoba. Whilst visiting the Waterous Works
we noticed a ship-yard carriage, capable of cut-
ting stuff 60 feet long. It was complete and
about to be shipped to Messrs. W. & R. Wallace,
of Gardner’s Creek, New Brunswick, to be run
by one of the Waterous Co’s 30 H.P. portable
direct action saw-mill engines. It has in the
front part of the carriage a special arrangement
for taking ship-knees, and facing them with the
large saw on each side. This is a most important
addition to carriages for ship-yards, and one
that lumbermen should look into. We were
informed that this firm are working on portable
saw-mill orders from Chili, S.A., Australia and
Germany, as well as on the ordinary orders for
the Provinces of the Dominion, from Nova
Scotia to British Columbia. They complain of
having to suffer loss in the matter of rebate on
materials tsed in the manufacture of engines,
etc., exported to foreign countries, as it is found
impracticable to separate the particular items
from invoices in which the materials used for
other work were included at the time of
purchase.

TOWN OF BRAMPTON,

This thriving place is making rapid progress.
A number of buildings are to be erected this
spring. Here we met Mr. McIntosh, manager
of the Caledon Quarries. Those quarries have
sent out during the winter, by the Credit Valley
Railway, about 260 car loads of stone—both red
and grey freestone. There will be a large trade
done in this splendid stone next summer ; and

Failure of Another Railway Viaduct.

Following the destruction of the Tay bridge
now comes intelligence of the destruction, on
Feb. 6, by ice, of a section of the Solway Via-
duct, the most important part of the Solway
Junction Railway, and until this week, a con-
necting link between England and Scotland.
In former years the thaw has been accompanied
by high winds, breaking up the ice and saving
viaduet ; but this season no wind has arisen,
and the packs have been carried down in un-
broken masses, hurling themselves against the
piers, carrying everything before them. The
accident has been unattended by any loss of
life, owing to the vigilence of the railway au-
thorities, who had watchmen stationed, who
gave timely warning.

The structure is very similar tothe Tay bridge
in construction and size. The viaduct is about
a mile and a quarter in length, and about 40 ft:
in height ; the spans are in groups of seventeen
of 30 ft., each group being connected by a span
of 5 ft.

Some idea of the force of the floating ice may
be formed from the narrative of the fishermen,
that for some days the channel was covered
with fields of ice acres in extent from 6 ft. to 12
ft. in thickness. The crashing of the ice as it
swept along, borne by the current at the rate of
twelve knots an hour, was heard two or three
miles off, they said, and even half a mile away
from the viaduct the noise was audible, although
the wind was blowing in the opposite direction.

is free from iron, and works almost as easy as

$1 per foot more than the former, laid down in
Toronto. Mr. McIntosh has had about forty
men working during the winter, and will have
twice the number in the spring, when a switch
will be completed from the railway to the
quarry bed, and even under the level of the bed,
as the quarry is on the side of a mountain of
freestone, having beds of all thicknesses up to
five feet, which improve in quality as the
strata are followed up. Judging from speci-
mens of the stone in the yard of the Ontario
Legislative buildings, it is admirably adopted
for monument bases. Any quantity of the best
limestone for building railway bridges can also
be furnished from these quarries.

Salicylic Acid in Foot-and-Mouth [Diseases
of Cattle.

The Duke of Brunswick has of late successful-
ly combated the ravages of this much dreaded
enemy on his estate at Stampen, near Oels, in
Prussian Silesia, by treatment with salicylic
acid, the well-known antiseptic. Instead of
several weeks required to effect a cure with the
remedies hitherto employed, truly surprising re-
sults have been brought about within a few
days by this new treatment. A solution of the
acid is prepared by pouring some hot water on
about three tablespoonfuls of salicylic acid in an
earthen vessel, and adding lukewarm water to
make up a gallon. The mouth and feet of the
diseased animal should be carefully washed three
times a day with the liquid, and the tops of the
hoofs well powdered with the dry acid after
each ablution. The effect will, moreover, be
greatly increased by salicylating the drinking
water of the beasts by the addition of two
tablespoonfuls of the acid dissolved in hot
water. During the above treatment great at-
tention must be paid to the perfect cleanliness
of the stables or sheds. The dung must be
saturated with salicylic acid solution to prevent
further infection, but it is chiefly in the dung
that the germs of the disease are to be found,

Erie Canal Tolls.
ABAny, N. Y., March 8.—The Canal Board
to-day adopted a resolution abolishing tolls on
western-bound freight, and placing on the free
list salt manufactured in the State and under
the supervision of State officers, all voting affirm-
ative except Dutcher. On motion of Ward the
Albemarle fertilizer was placed on the free list.
Last year’s toll sheet on the Black River Canal
was adopted. Seymour’s resolution prohibiting
the passage of rafts on the canals after Septem-
ber was reconsidered and amended so as to apply
only to the Black River Canal.

North-west and Keewatin up to

Statement of timber limits granted in the
2nd of ¥eb.,
Richard Fuller & C

1881, are ae followe:

timber limit on the Lake of the Woods, 38,400
acres; Macauley, Ginty & Sprague, timber
limit in the vicinity of Roseau River, 32,000
acres ; Macaulay & Ginty, 32,000 acres on the
Winnipeg River; W. J. MacAulay, 64,000
acres between the Lake of the Woods and
Rainy Lake; Capt. H. 8. Moore, limit of 32,
000 acres on the North Saskatchewan ; Stephen
H. Fowler, 64,000 acres on Rainy Lake and

Seine River; Dick & Banning, 12,800 acres on
Sandy Bar Creek, Lake
Whitehead, 61,440 on White-
mouth River, Keewatin; Hugh Sutherland,
Patrick Kelly, Pratt & Smith, Joseph White-
head and Peter MacArthur, 477,760 acres on
Lakes Wlnnipegosis and Water Hen; annual
licenses to D. W. Cummings, Stratford, 30,-
720 acres; Joseph Sherman and John Pratt,
Stratford, 51,200 acres; Donald Gunn, Shoal
Lake, 20,480 acres ; Alexander Cameron, Halls-
ford, N.W.T., 12,800 acres; R. McIntosh,
Rapid City, 40,960 acres; J. S. Armitage,
Hallsford, 20,480 acres ; Edward Roberts, Win-
nipeg, 28,160 acres; Albert Hudson & Co.,
Portage la Prairie, 840 acres; Wm. Hardie,
Winnipeg, 6,400 acres; R. Z. Rogers, Grafton,
Ont., 4,480 acres. Timber limits of 46,400
acres on the Winnipeg River were granted to
Wm. Stubbs, Ottawa, of 64,000 acres on the
Fairford and Shell Rivers to Messrs. Shields,
Haggart, McLaren and Nichol ; 40,960 acres in
the Little Saskatchewan to Messrs. Armitage
and McCulloch ;
Mountain

Winnipeg - Joseph

:
AaCTes the

7,200 acres in the Turtle
district to Messrs. Williams and
Harrison ; 2,304 acres on the Bird Tail Creek to
John McBeth; 4,080 acres in the Little Sas-
katchewan to David McFadden, and 13,440 and
4,480 acres respectively in Manitoba to A.
Watts and R. Z. Rogers.

A New Insect Pest.

According to the Banger, Me., Commercial,
the primevai forests of this continent are now
attacked by a small but exceedingly destructive
insect that insidiously cuts into and kills the
monarchs of the woods. It is noticeable that on
forest lands where cutting has been prosecuted
and the sunlight has been let into the tangled
wild woods, the trees are not attacked, and the
sun appears to be the natural annihilator of the
pests. They, as yet, attack only spruce trees.
It is the testimony of Mr. Jack, the Crown
Land Agent of the Province of New Brunswick,
that the destroyer attacks the forest primeval.
It is nature’s design that the old trees should be
cut down to make room for new generations. The
operation of the insect is as follows :—In July or
August a gay little beetle settles upon the bark of
the noblest trees, and lays a few tiny eggs; after a
short time a small worm similar to a maggot
hatched, and then the busy work of the destroy
er begins. The worm eats his way to the very
heart of the tree, until at last it falls a wreck.
So insidious is the operation that many trees
which are bored through and through, are green
at the top and apparently sound, but a blow of
the axe or the force of a gale causes them to fall,
and their worthlessness isrevealed. At present,
the trouble from these pests is confined to the
timber country watered by the Upper Kenne-
bec, and that in parts of Aroostook and the
Provinces. In consequence of the forests of
New Brunswick having been attacked, Mr.
Alexander Gibson, will cause 50,000,000 feet of
spruce to be cut this winter on the Nashwaak,
for if left standing longer the worms would
render the lumber worthless.

Extensive Enterprise.

A paper manufacturing firm purposes convert-
ing twenty thousand acres of timber-land in
Somerset County, Pennsylvannia, into paper.
A large gang of workmen has been sent to the
tract to begin improvements. There will be
erected a shanty 50 ft. in length, 12 ft. in width
and 8ft. high. The shanty once completed,
work will be begun on a large store building
thirty dwelling-houses, and an enormous digester
for the cooking and steaming of wood in the
manufacture of pulp, and a huge building to be
used in the manufacture of paper sacks and
wrapping paper, All these preparations are
preliminary to reducing 20,000 acres of forest to
news, book and fine writing papers,

VARIETIES OF THE PINE.

A recent correspondent of the Timber Trades
Journal, of London, expressed a sentiment of
bewilderment which is probably not confined to
England, but exists as well among many well-
informed "people in this country, and asks an
explanation of the terms, ‘“‘white pine,” “yellow
pine,” ‘ved pine,” ‘‘Norway pine,” etc. He
truly remarks that white pine and yellow pine
seem to be much alike, and but for the different
designations given in different localities would
not be distinguishable. The Trades Journal, as
we remember its reply, asserted that the white
and yellow were identical as the terms were
used in the English trade, and that the red pine
of commerce was what was known as Norway
in North America. The fact is that the botani-
cal classification of the timber growth of the
American continent recognises no less than
twenty-nine distinct species of the Pinus
family, including distinctive white, red, yellow,
and pitch pine designations. Of the white pine
family, Pinus strobus, sometimes known as
Weymouth pine, occupies the foremost place as
a commercial wood, and is found from New-
foundland west to the Saskatchewan river, in-
cluding Canada, Michigan, Wisconsin, and
Minnesota, extending south, through the New
Kngland States, New York, Pennsylvania, and
along the Alleghany mountains to Georgia. It
is a white, soft-grained wood, easily worked, a
favorite in house-building, and forms the princi-
pal wood of the lumber traffic and manufacture
of the north and north-west, to which localities
its production is now mostly confined. It grows
from 80 to 150 ft. in height, and attains a size as
great as 6 ft. in diameter in individual cases,
the majority of that having a commercial value,
however, being from 12 to 48 in, in diameter at
the stump. This variety is known locally by
designations varying in different localities, and
includes the cork, bullsap, grove, sap, buck-
wheat, sugar, and other designations, applied to
different stages of growth and development, or
characteristics derived from peculiarity of soil.

The white pine, Pinus jlewilis, of the Rocky
mountain range, from Montana to New Mexico,
on the high mountain ranges of Nevada and
Arizona, on the Inyo mountains and Mount
Silliman in California, is of a similar nature to
that before described, being soft in wood, white,
and ef fair quality. It grows, however, only
from 50 to 60 ft. in height, as a rule has a trunk
from 24 to 48 in, diameter, and is a good tree for
lumber. Its quality is intermediate between
the eastern pine and the sugar pine proper.

The sugar pine, Pinus Lambertiana, is a dis-
tinct species from what is frequently spoken of
in the north as sugar pine. It is a wood resemb-
ling the eastern pine, but is of a coarser grain,
heavier, and stronger, grows to a height of from
150 to 300 ft., and its trunk reaches from 10 to
20 ft. in diameter. It is found on the west coast
ranges, from the Santa Lucia mountains, along
the Sierra Nevadas—especially on the western
flank, at an elevation of from 4,000 to 8,000 ft.—
and in Oregon, north to the Columbia river.

The above oonstitute the principal varieties of
the white pine family, as classified by Professor
Sargent, of the United States census commis-
sion, although there are several other varieties
of an obscure and less valuable character, enter-
ing but little, if at all, into commercial uses.

Yellow pine, Pinus ponderosa, is a product of
the Pacific coast. It is found in California and
Oregon, principally on the western slope of the
Sierra Nevadas, and is the most valuable of the
western pines. Its wood is yellow, hard, heavy,
strong, and durable. It is a large tree of a
height of from 200 to 300 ft., with a trunk from
12 to 15 ft. in diameter. It is found extensively
along the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevadas,
where it attains a lesser height, being from 100
to 200 ft. above the elevation of 5,000 ft., and
having a diameter of from 10 to 15 ft.; it is often
found in most arid situations. It is also found
throughout the Rocky Mountains, from British
Columbia to New Mexico and Arizona, where it
grows to but from 80 to 100 ft. in height.

In the family of yellow, we have also a
variety, Pinus mitis, known as yellow pine,
short-leaved pine, and spruce pine. It has a
wood yellow in color, hard and compact, and
quite durable, growing to a height of from 40 to
70 ft., rarely exceeding 24 in. in diameter. It
has been seen as far north as Staten Island but

THE CANADA

in few cases, and is found as far south as
Florida and Alabama, on the Ozark Mountains
of Missouri, where it is the only pine, and in
Arkansas. Its wood is used for similar pur-
poses as the yellow pine of the south, to which
it is inferior.

The yellow pine, long-leaved pine, southern
pine, Georgia pine, brown pine, hard pine, by
which designations is known the one variety of
Pinus Australis, or Pinus palustris, is found
from southern Virginia to Florida, and Missis-
sippi, Lduisiana, the valley of the Red River of
the South and eastern Texas, extending seldom
into the interior more than 100 miles from the
coast. It is strong, compact, straight in grain,
has light sap, is very durable, and is the true
pitch pine, although differing from Pinus rigida,
to which the term pitch has been given. It is
from Pinus Australis that the bulk of the tur-
pentine, tar, pitch, and resin produced in the
United States is derived. Its growth is from
60 to 100 ft. in height, with a trunk of from 24
to 48 in. in diameter, affects a dry, sandy soil,
and is found rarely in low swamps. It is the
commercial yellow pine of the south, par
excellence.

The pitch pine, Ponus rigida, is found in
Maine and Vermont, and extends to the upper
districts of Georgia, and is but little found west
of the Alleghanies. Its wood is heavy and
resinous, and when grown in low ground is soft
and largely sapwood. It grows to a height of
from 40 to 80 ft., reaching sometimes 30 in. in
diameter, and affects a dry, barren, sandy soil,
or a deep swamp. It is included in the cheapest
grades of lumber.

Norway pine, sometimes called red pine,
Pinus resinosa, or Pinus rubra, is a growth of
the north-west, being found in Canada and the
New England States, south to the mountains of
Pennsylvania and west to Minnesota. Its wood
is light-coloured, resinous, hard, heavy and
durable in dry situations, used somewhat for
ship-building, and in the west for joist and
other building timber. It is usually from 60 to 80
ft. in height, although in the forests of Michigan,
Wisconsin, Minnesota, and the British Pro-
vinces it attains from 100 to 150 ft., with a
trunk from 15 to 48 in. It affects a high, sandy
soil, and in favourable locations resembles the
wood of the spruce, being equally white. As a
rule it borders more closely on the yellow pine
of the south, and we are at a loss to understand,
from the general character of the two, why it
should ever be classed among the reds rather
than the yellows,

Redwood proper, Sequoia sempervirens, is ex-
clusively a California tree, resembling the white
pine in grain and texture. Its colour is a decided
red; it is light, close-grained, compact, easily
split and worked, is susceptible of a fine polish,
is very durable, and in California is sawed into
boards and shingles, furnishing the cheapest
lumber, fencing, posts and ties of the Pacific
coast, and being quite accessible to tide water,
is likely to be soon exterminated. It reaches a
height of 200 to 300 ft., with a straight, cylindri-
cal trunk of 8 to 12 ft. in diameter, free from
limbs to a height of 80 or 100 ft. Unlike the
Pinus group, the stumps and roots throw up
great numbers of vigorous suckers, which would
indicate a capacity for cultivation. This wood
is seldom seen in the east, except in the shape
of packing-boxes, in which goods have been
brought from the Pacific ooast. California has
also a red wood, Ceanothus spinosus, found in
the coast ranges, but it is a small and insignifi-
cant tree, of little or no commercial value.

The varieties of pine which our English
cousins come in contact with from this continent
are the white pine, stvobus, in its different sub-
divisions, some of which are sufficiently rich in
color to lead to no surprise that they should
sometimes class it as yellow, although in fact
we doubt if a true yellow pine stick is ever
seen by them except as it comes from the south,
and is known as Pensacola, Fernandina,
Georgia, etc.

They also receive of the Norway Pinus re-
sinosa, which no doubt has been recognised by
them as ared pine, through its botanical des-
cription rather than classification as restnosa,
and this deseription is measurably warranted by
the reddish cast of the thin bark of the growing
tree, although the wood partakes more of the
pitchy character of the yellow pine of the south,

LUMBERMAN

From southern ports they obtain what is known
in this country as yellow pine, the variety
Australis or palustris, or that of mitis, which,
while more properly called pitch pine, has by
common consent and custom become known as
yellow pine, but should not be confounded with
the true yellow, or pondervsa, of the Pacific
coast, the timber of which is free from the
resinous character of the Australis, or the mitis,
or yet of the resinosa.—North-western Lumber-
man.

SUBSTITUTES FOR LUMBER,

We are in receipt, from Mr. 8. W. Hamilton,
of Lawrence, Kansas, of a sample of lumber
made from straw, manufactured after a process
patented by himself, the particulars of which he
does not explain. He informs us, however, that
he can manufacture lumber like the sample sent,
in any desired length, from 12 feet upward, and
to 32 inches in width, at a cost competing with
the better or finishing grades of pine, although
he does not inform us whether this competition
will apply equally to sections where lumber is
comparatively cheap, as at Chicago, and at
Western grain producing points, as at Kansas.
We imagine, however, that the expense will
vary but little at any point where straw is
obtainable in large quantities.

The manufacture is, of course, confined to a
grade which will compete with the better class
of lumber, as there would be no object in filling
the new product with knots, and shakes would
scarcely be obtainable even if desired, while sap
and decayed wood must be impossibilities. The
sample sent to us will hold a nail as well as
wood, is equally susceptible to a high painting
finish, and can be polished to as high a degree
as is at all desirable. Being made waterproof,
we can discover no possible reason why it should
not be as durable, or even more so, than pine or
even oak, while its adaptability is evidently as
great for roofing purposes, as for the fine work
of a dwelling.

The question of cost appears to us to be the
most important element yet to be practically
solved. We can see no reason why it is not
susceptible of being worked under the plane or
other ordinary tools of the carpenter, and when
once fitted to its place, we can readily believe
that it will be free from shrinkage or swelling.
In appearanoe, the sample before us resembles
hardwood, being about as dark as oak and more
dense in texture, with a specific gravity one-
fifth greater than thoroughly seasoned black
walnut, For finishing purposes, it will not, as
a rule, be necessarily as thick as ordinary lum-
ber, its tensile strength being apparently double
that of wood of the same thickness. On the
whole, we are favorably impressed with the
appearance of the new artificial lumber.—J, W.
Lumberman.

How to Use Oil Stones.

Instead of oil, which thickens and makes the
stones dirty, a mixture of glycerine and alcohol
is used by many. The proportions of the mix-
ture vary according to the instrument operated
upon. An article with a large surface, a razor,
for instance, sharpen best with a limpid liquid,
as three parts of glycerine to one of alcohol.
For a graving tool, the cutting surface of which
is very small, as is also the pressure exercised on
the stone in sharpening, it is necessary to employ
glycerine almost pure, with but two or three
drops of alcohol.

Cement for Leather.

One who has tried everything, says that after
an experience of fifteen years he has found
nothing to equal the following as a cement for
leather belting: Common glue and isinglass,
equal parts, soaked for ten howrs in just enough
water to cover them. Bring gradually to a boil-
ing heat and add pure tannin until the whole
becomes ropy or appears like the white of eggs.
Buff of the surface to be joined, apply this

cement, and clamp firmly.
Se

THE Northwestern Lumberman says that the
cedar post and telegraph pole business, which
languished during 1880 for want of adequate
supplies, seems likely to be overcome during the
coming season, and that unless trouble is ex-
perienced in obtaining transportation, there is
ittle probability of cedar being in short supply
at the distributing points on the chain of lakes
during 1881,

CEDAR PENCIL-MAKING.
From the forests of Florida the timber is
ceived in roughly-squared logs about fifteen fi
in length and eighteen inches square. ft
being opened—that is, sawn into two pieces }
an ordinary double-handed saw—in the saw-p
the timber is allowed to season. This period
probation being passed, the logs enter the woot
cutting room. Here the timber is cut up i
the required lengths and thicknesses by cireulj
saws, but as they cannot be relied upon to pr
duce absolutely true surfaces, the “‘leaves,
they are termed, are passed under a ;
ing or planing machine, which reduces 2
a perfectly uniform size. From this room tl
“leaves” pass to a second wood-cutting room
wher@, following their progress, we find th
again sawn up into slips or scantlings, and whic
are technically termed ‘‘ tops” and “‘ bottom
The latter is the portion into which, after bem
grooved, the lead is inserted, while the forme:
the covering that protects it, the one slip beiz
just half the thickness of the other. The ope
tions of cutting the ‘‘tops ” and “* bottoms ” a
grooving are performed by little machines ru
ning at the almost inconceivable speed of 7,0
revolutions per minute. The groove cut corre
ponds exactly to the size of the stick of lead t
be inserted. From this department the ced
slips are passed on to the “filling in” roon
where, while one operator inserts the lead
another glues the ‘‘tops” on. The “‘gluei
up” operation being performed, the pencils a:
placed in a frame and tightly screwed in
tion. When firm and dry they are placed in
clump a gross at a time, and the ends cut off by
means of a circular saw, in order to make th
pencils one uniform length. The next operatic
is the rounding of each pencil, and the marve
lous ease, precision, and regularity with whic
|

et le ee, EE,

.
nicky

this is performed renders it one of the me
beautiful in the entire manufacture.
square pencil is inserted in a small machine cor
taining a rounding chuck running at a high
of speed. Before the eye can seize all th
details of the process the pencil has come out
the other end of the machine rounded to
nicety, without flaw or blemish. One suc
piece of machinery will turn out twenty gro
per diem.

Walls and Beams.
One precaution that is very seldom taken witl
high buildings is so supporting the timbers ¢
the floor that, in case they break or fall, they
shall not pry the wall over inward, and in ¢
they expand they will not push it over outwarc
As ordinarily constructed, holes are left in th
walls, into which the ends of the joists are set,
the holes being about the size of the ends of th
joists, so that in case the floor falls the timbers
are apt to tumble the walls inward on the con:
tents of the building. The Paper Trade Jow
nal suggests two ways of getting around this.
One is to set the end of the joist upon a corbel
or projection from the face of the wall, so th
the joists clears the face of the wall entirely.
and in case it falls it exerts no influence upon
the wall. The other method has the same ob-
ject in view, and accomplishes it in a simpler
way. The holes made to receive the joists
made about twice as high as the joists, so that i
falling the joist has no prying effect upon the
wall. These remarks apply to iron as well
wooden beams ; but for iron beams there should
be observed the additional precaution to leave
greater space between the end of the beam an¢
the wall, so that the inevitable expansion of th
beam from fire shall cause no thrust outward,
tending to overthrow the walls. It would per-

haps be as well if all external walls were he
together by anchor bolts with external plate
which, although not very slightly, yet oft
tend to hold the wall up when otherwise it would
topple and fall outwards. Of course, if th
beams are properly cased below with some fir
proof material or by some heatproof method,
their expansion will be very much less than
they are left naked to the action of the heat.

— ;
THERE were received in Boston during the \
year 1880, 351,744,000 feet of lumber in all.
this quantity about 209,400,000 feet was received '
by rail, 41,000,000 by sailing vessels fram the
south, 1,500,000 by southern steamers, about —
100,000,000 by water from Maine and the British
provinces,

i THE CANADA

LUMBE RM N.

ee
TIMBER SLIDE COMPANIES. works of the company, and the navigation there-

The following Bill has been introduced in| with connected.
the Ontario Legislature by Attorney-General 12, Copies of the proposed by-laws shall he
Mowat :— annexed to the reports required to be made by
1. This Act, “may be cited as ‘‘The Timber the company by the fifth section of this Act,
Slide Companies Act of 1881.” and such proposed by-laws with such variations
9, In case the Lieutenant-Governor in Council | a8 are made therein by the Commissioner of
thinks fit, he may confer upon any company Public Works at any time before the issue of
which has heretofore been, or shall be hereafter the Letters Patent, shall, upon issue of such
incorporated, under the Ontario Joint Stock Letters Patent, become the by-laws of the com-
Companies Letters Patent Act, for the purpose | Pay without further action or adoption by the
acquiring or constructing and maintaining | COMpany, and copies of all new by-laws, and of

any dam, slide, pier, boom, or other work, nec- all amended by-laws, with reference to the said
i to facilitate the transmission of timber subjects, shall be annexed to the annual report

; any river or stream in this Province, or required by the twenty-seventh section of the
for the purpose of blasting rocks or dredging, or said Revised Statute.
smoving shoals or other impediments, or of| 13. No such new by-law, or amended by-
erwise improving the navigation of any such law, shall have any force until one month after
er or stream for the said purpose, the powers it has been included in such report; but if at
thorized by the Revised Statute respecting the end of one month such by-law has not been
Joint Stock Companies, for the construction of | disallowed as it may be by the Commissioner of
vorks to facilitate the transmission of Timber Public Works, it shall have full force and be
down Rivers and Streams, being chapter one binding upon the oompany, and upon all per-
‘hundred and fifty three of the Revised Statutes. sons using the works, unless the Commissioner
3. Every company shall thereupon become in the meantime shall have under his hand en-
bject to all the provisions of the said Revised larged the time for considering the same.
Statute as amended by this Act, and to the pro- 14. No such by-law shall impose any penalties,
Beisions of this Act. or shall contain anything contrary to the true
i. 4. The letters patent conferring the powers meaning and intention of the said Revised
authorized by this Act shall not be issued to Statute, chapter one hundred and fifty-three, of
any company until proof has been furnished that this Act.
‘one-half of the proposed capital has been sub- 15. No such company shall construct any such
“scribed in good faith, and that at least ten per works over or upon or otherwise interfere with
_ centum thereof (or five per centum of the whole | °% ™Jure cuaNy rivate property, or the property
capital) has been paid in to the credit of trustees of the Crown, without first having obtained the
for the company, and remains at their cereal consent of the owner, or occupier thereof, or of
some one or more of the chartered banks of this the Crown, except as hereinafter provided.
ted: 16. No such company shall be formed under
5. Theapplicants for a charter shall, with yet the provisions of this Act to improve any river
application, transmit to the Provincial Secretary or stream, for the improvement of which any
a report to be laid before the ere aor oe other company has been formed either under
Public Works, in case the Provincial Secretary this Act, or any. Orne a et of the Legislature,
or other officer charged by the Lieutenant-Gov- Oreos peek, REL TE CO onan Gy Oe
érnor in Council with the duty of reporting vineial work, without the consent of such other
thereon shall deem that the other requirements Tey e os ae Haein engin SO ee a
Seniesa ee eae die-charter have Council respectively, which consent shall be
been duly complied with, and shall also cause a formally See waiting cash gine [es ae
~ copy of such report to be laid before the munici- iaainolOsage1 Om the Provincial Secretary
pal council of the county i which i Sirigeiacihe 1. Tn all cases where a shareholder has not
are proposed to be situated ; or if the spc ay paid ten per centum on the share or shares held

situate in more than one county, then before the eh ae ae eae oe Bary, vb Nee ee
municipal councils of the counties in or on the |S ehalf, the party so paying may recover the

boundaries of which such works are proposed to amount as a debt, in any competent court, al-
be situated ; or if such proposed works are in though; not previously authorized to pay uae
unsurveyed lands not contained within theless behalf of such shareholder.
bounds of any incorporated county, then before 18. Upon the expiration of the period limited
B. Coxantioneneeer uplic cap ee for the existence of the company, if any such
pe Conc: may, inthe period is limited by the Letters Patent, all the
Taditias Patenk wale a rate of divi ed =i gle dams, slides, piers, booms and other works con-
, a Alico ie ee sich flic eee structed by the company, for the transmission
Shall ba at laberty..to pay iis Pee aiors. if of timber down any river or stream, or for the
the igen S2 of the Company otherwise justify So a oa eee ae oe
suc t, and i ch h is- 3
eS 5 aiid ices Majesty for the public uses of the Province, and
RE ee car Bh oach ee the said company, or the shareholders thereof
: : :
but no such rate shall be so fixed for a longer eater mowightiio Receive any | compenesucn
seriod than te y Bo: : in
The Dieta a EE fad 19. Notwithstanding the expiration of the
ran hice ae a cee ee ore Fe said period, the said company shall continue to
De esaniadixcn i aa ieee se : erm OF) oxist for the purpose of taking such proceedings
s Sf Sh pb Se Gon i ia 6 as may be requisite for getting in its assets,
tie aunties ae of ee - Pe winding up and settling its affairs, and distribut-
ieee sds Pe ihe ee ba ing amongst its shareholders the capital stock or
; BP eS, ;
shall give such a description thereof as will accumulated sinking fund of the said company,

reasonably inform the public of the works to be ae as PE aaa Aas geese
AES aforesaid, sue and be sued as if the period of its

9. The report shall contain :— corporate existence had not expired ; but after

; ska such period the words “‘in liquidation” shall be
(1) A detailed description of the works to be | added to the name of the company, and shall be
undertaken, and an estimate of their cost ; a part of such name.
r eas ape the best available sources| 20, No distribution of capital shall be made
= PEeES SA 2 eae kinds i timber is under the next preceding section until three
pected to come down the river or stream yearly | years after th ae f the said period
after the works have been completed ; and ark, BS i ag cs maar aes

ah 3h deka 0 limited as aforesaid for the existence of the said
4 ) e of the tolls proposed to be company, but this shall not prevent the distri-

bution amongst the shareholders of the annual
40. Thirty days after the said report has been laid profits received from investments, and after the
before the municipal council, or councils, as the | said period the fifty-seventh section of the said
case may be, the Commissioner of Public Works | Joint Stock Companies’ Letters Patent Act
¢hall consider the said report, and in case he | shall not apply to the company.
approves of the proposed work, he shall report} 21. The fifty-seventh section of the said Re-
guch approval to the Lieutenant-Governor who vised Statute, chapter one hundred and fifty-
may thereupon direct the issue of a charter. three, is hereby amended by inserting after the
1. Every such company may make by-laws, word ‘‘ works,” in the eleventh line thereof, the
nd from time to time alter and amend the same, following words:—‘‘and running, driving,
for the purpose of regulating the safe and order- | booming, towing, sorting, and rafting logs and
y other timber, and providing an equal annual

i
og
Ss

alt

transmission of timber over or through the

/

sinking fund, which, invested at six percentum, |
| except as,to companies heretofore incorporated

shall be sufficient to pay back to the sharehold-
ers the amount of their paid-up stock at the end
of the time limited for the existence of the com-
pany,” and by substituting “ fifteen dollars” for
“ten dollars” where these words oceur in the
thirteenth, seventeenth, and nineteen lines of
the said section.

92, The seventy-second section of { the
Revised Statute is hereby amended by inserting
after the words ‘“ undertaken by them” the
following words :—‘‘ and mentioned in the re-
port required prior to the incorporation of the
company ;” and by inserting after the word

said

“situate,” in the ninth line thereof, the follow- |

ing words :—“ or by the Commissioner of Public
Works.”

93, The seventy-third section of the said Re-
vised Statute is hereby amended by inserting
after the word “damage,” in the thirteenth line
thereof, the following words :—jneurred after
the time limited for the existence of the com-
pany has expired, or.”

24, The seventy-fifth section of the said Re-
vised Statute is amended by adding at the end
thereof the following words :—‘‘ and in settling
the amount to be paid to the company for such
works, the amount of the sinking fund accumu-
lated at the time of such valuation towards the
payment of the capital stock shall be deducted
therefrom.”

25. Where a company heretofore incorporated
under the said Revised Statute, chapter one
hundred and fifty-three, or under the Consoli-
dated Statute of Canada, chapter sixty-eight,
applies for the issue of letters patent under
section sixty-five or section sixty-six of the On-
tario Joint Stock Companies’. Letters Patent
Act, the Lieutenant-Governor may, by the let-
ters patent, confer upon the said company any
of the powers authorized by this Act, and may
by such letters patent limit the term of exist-
ence of the said company, and every such com-
pany obtaining letters patent as aforesaid, shall
be subject to the provisions of the said Revised
Statute, chapter one hundred and fifty-three, as
amended by this Act, and to the provisions of
this Act.

26. The Lieutenant-Governor may by Sup-
plementary Letters Patent extend the term of
existence of any company incorporated for a
limited period under this Act, for such a num-
ber of years, as by order in Council made pre-
vious to the expiry of such period he may direct,
and the provisions of this Act having regard to
the expiration of the term of existence of a
company shall thereupon apply to such term as
so extended.

97. Sections—and—of this Act, shall not apply
to any company heretofore incorporated, unless
and until such compamy becomes re-incorporat-
ed under the said sixty-fifth section of the On-
tario Joint Stock Companies’ Letters Patent
Act.

28, The first twenty-six sections, and also
sections numbered from twenty-nine to forty
inclusive, of the said Revised Statute respect-
ing Joint Stock Companies for the construction
of works to facilitate the transmission of timber

| with more tenacity than will the harder oak.

lthan the tamarack knees.

down rivers and streams, are hereby repealed,

under the said Act.

TAMARACK ve OAK.
Experience has shown, says an exchange,
that in breaking up old steamboats, the softer
tamarack wood will cling to the iron fastening
if
we endeavor to separate the two, we find it
easier to drift the iron from the oaken frame
When a bolt is
driven into hard timber, like oak, the elastic
compression of the wood is not nearly 80 great
latter

its normal condition,

as in more spongy timber, and where the
endeavoring to assume
hugs the iron more closely, the former retains
its compression, and it is no extravroimary
occurrence that for a time the bolt is compara
tively lose in the hole, With oxidization of the
iron, however, the bolt becomes cemented in the
wood and is firm, the acid juices of the oak
often eating away the iron, when it requires no

great strain from the wrenching which a ship

| will get in a seaway to cause the rust shell to

give way and the bolt to draw. When a bolt is
driven through a tamarack knee into a ship's
frame of oak, we expect the bolt to draw first
from the oak, and if we desire to use the knee
again, would consider ourselves fortunate if
we could draw the bolt from it. If we did
succeed, we should expect to find the bolt in the
knee comparatively sound, while that in the oak
was badly corroded. The same principle is seen
in the driving of piles, which will hold better in
quicksand than in clay, the loose soil accommo-
dating itself to an easy driving, but closing
about the stick with a suction which almost
wholly prevents its withdrawal.

NEW USE FOR SAWDUST.

The Lumberman says: We have been shown
a model of a car wheel consisting of an iron ri
of seven inches outward diameter by one-half
inch thick, fitted with a well-prop: yrtioned hub,
the space between the hub and rim filled with
pine sawdust, pressed in so solidly that we are
ready to believe the assertion that resting the
iron rim upon bearings, a pressure equal to 23
tons applied to the hub failed to develop any
signs of weakness. We hesitate in these days
of progress to assert that anything is impossible,
and we begin to think that even sawdust
possesses elements of value hitherto unsuspect-
ed, and that the day may come when the filled
grounds adjacent to all sawmills may be seen to
have a great value in the mechanical develop- :
ment and utilization of the now useless debris f
placed upon them to get it out of the way.
Sawdust car wheels, sawdust brick, sawdust
fence posts, railroad ties, and even sawdust
window and door frames, wainscoting and
mouldings, begin to appear among the possibili-
ties of the immediate future.

MIDLAND LUMBER SUPPLY.
Tux following is the stock on hand of lumber
and the estimated cut of 1881 in the district
served by the Midland Railway :-—

|
Manufacturer. Place. Stockon hand. | Cut of 1881. Total.
eta 5 ig

British Canadian Lumbering & Timber Co.Midland........)+++++sss 6,750,000!...... 21,250,000)...... 28,000,000
Chew Brothers -...-eeeseesseererreeeee: Midland «so... c.-lecceccccccccuccscepeecses 5,000,000|...... 5,000,000
POWEYLS. oc cc cecccccont cee sce evccccunes Victoria Harbor.|....-.-- 7,000,000)..-..- 12,000,000)... .. 19,000,000
McDermott........ + Tatenic ki Salemiahe wi aSERe & Victoria Harbor. |.....--+++.s++eee0)se005* 1,000,000)...... 1,000,000
Christie.......++ SOocdh bocabuotseecge tees Sturgeon Bay...|...----- 750,000).....- 3,000,000)...... 3,750,000
Tanner....+++++ RR es irearraticts- caspases Sturgeon Bay...|.....sseeeeeer sess 485 556 1,000,000)...... 1,000,000 :
Georgian Bay Lumber Co.......---++++++ Waubaushene...|-.+++++- 5,000,000) Wckeiers 26,000,000 ...... 31,060,000 h
Small mills at....... eseceeesee- eeacicet PESSEYCONGs eden legac eee weweewceciueseee 2,500,000}...... 2,500,000 }
Small mills at. ....cecvesesceuseweeseres Goldwater os «allow osrecpecon eauses|sews== 1,000,000'...... 1,000,000 t
Small mills at..csseee reve cere eee ter enee SAU Tn Leo Siw w ssaleicie'| ssereiele(e.njeiciete 0 sage we mi] snes = 8 1,500,000)...... 1,500,006 ;
Small mills at.ceceeseeseeeeee coer eeeeee Satterthwaite...)......eeeee ee eeen el renee 1,750,000)...... 1,750,000
Small mills at.......-- eee eee eee eee ee TEHOM Es Soce scaled elec vice sae Venn | cues = 750,000)...... 750,000
Small mills at......-ceeceeeee eters eeeene (Oy eee |2- SoC eee cried heaton 4,000,000 ...... 4,000,000
Gmall mills at. 6.0.00. cseeee eee eeeeee Brechin. «.. «...lecccccseecsecssers eects 500,000).....- 500,000 }
Small millsat.....ceeeeeseeeeeeeeee cence Lindsayerse sees] cvceeceersececeer| erees 3,000,000).....+ 3,000,000
R. C. Smith........- Sa ASe cuca sede Fenelon Falls...}.....--- 1,000,000)....-. 10,000,000)...... 11,000,000
Green & Ellisvienes+-se00s 0) meieeeeauees Fenelon Falls...|.....-.- 500,000)...... $,500,000|...... 4,000,000
M. Boyd. ...sessceeserceeeccesses coe v.e.Bobcaygeon.....].....05 5,000,000)...... 10,000,000 Se 15,000,000
Hilliard...... cece cece ects etter ee teeeeee Peterborough ..|......-+ 1,000,000)...... Eee Sees 5,000,000
Mazlitherencemrnmccce Ree as ices eects Peterborough ..|.......- 4,500,000|.....- 5,500,000]...... 10,600,000
Sherin.....c000 ceeecee ees eeseeeesetes Peterborough ..| ....seeeeereeeees fevates 3,000,000)...... 3,000,000
Irwin & Boyd..eees sre eeeeenerserse renee Peterborough ..|.......- 8,500,000)...... 11,500,000) ~++-~ 20,000,000 :
J. Z. ROgerS.ceeeerrsees Siafetewielaieiclaieiviere inl Peterborough ..|.......- 300,000)...... 1,500,000)...... 1,800,000 :
Ross & Co..ccssceseevceneve ee Us RIS Tiakkeflold:..c: <o-| covers ecewkess Safetaiiele 6,000,000)...... 6,000,000 ;
Bigelow & Trounce. ssss.yeeseeeress seers Port Perry......|..eeee0+ 2,600,000!.....+ 6,000,000} weeeee 8,600,000 :

ae Sar ligt 145,250,000] . . . ...188,150,000 |

ALBANY INSPECTION.

This was originally divided into five qualities,
viz.: Clear, Fourths, Box or Selects, Common
and Culls, Clear, or Three Uppers, was sub-
divided into three grades: First, Second, and
Third.

First Grade.—A First Clear board shall be
perfect in all respects, free from wane, knot,
rot, shake or check, not less than twelve feet
long and eight inches wide, (in any case) unless
a very wide and thick piece, when a minimum
length of ten feet may be allowed.

Second Grade.—Not less than twelve feet in
length, unless very wide and thick with not
more than two defects, 7. e., two sound knots
which could be covered by a York: shilling
(dime), or sap equal to one inch on one side, or
one knot and one sap ; not less than ten inches
wide, well manufactured, and free from rot,
shake or check.

Third Grade.—Not less than twelve feet long,
unless very wide and thick, and ten inches
wide, free from rot, shake or check, when three
defects might be allowed; either three knots
which a York shilling would cover, or two saps
an inch wide, with one small knot. If very
wide, the defects might be allowed slightly to
increase, but not so as to injure the general
character of the piece. These three grades are
included in one and designated Clear or Good,

Fourths.—Not less than twelve feet long and
twelve inches wide, with not exceeding four de-
fects at that width, viz.: if free from sap, four
sound knots on the heart side, not larger than a
dime ; if free from knots, two saps which must
not exceed two inches on each edge, and must
be bright. At the minimum width, one face
must be perfect ; with increasing width latitude
may be allowed to the extent of the sap.

Select Box.*—Not less than twelve feet in
length and eight inches in width in any case.
Must, if narrow, have one perfect face, andmay
have small knots, not exceeding five, in a width
of fourteen inches or more. Sap may meet on
one end for not more than one-fifth the length,
or two saps may be allowed on sap side, but
must have at least three inches of heartwood
between; sap must be bright; must be free
from rot, shakes and checks.

Box or Common.—All sound lumber free from
loose knots, shaky hearts, rot, shake and worm
holes, which is below the grades before named
shall be classed as Box or Common.

Pickings.—A grade of common which in its
general character will dress one side clear, or
has no great number of small knots, but is suit-
able for finishing lumber. (A mighty good fine
common, but indifferent select.)

Culls.—Will not hold water, shaky, rotten,
coarse knots, black and mouldy sap. If very
rotten, embracing more than one-eighth of the
board, it becomes a scoot, refuse or mill cull.
Market culls must be good enough to make hog
pens, board fences or roof boards.

Scoots, Refuse or Mill Culls—Lumber that is
not worth removing from the mill, and is fit
only to be burned.

In the early days of the trade, the grade Select was
known as Box, while Sound Common was known as
Merchantable.

Remarkable Locomotive Explosion.

On the night of the 28rd of January 1881, a
freight engine on the Philadelphia and Reading
road was sent out from Palo Alto, Pa., to
bring in a train of loaded coal cars from a siding.
An hour later the engine was found a mile be-
yond the siding with all the crew—engineer,
conductor, and two brakemen—dead and ter-
ribly mutilated. The boiler had exploded, tear-
ing the engine to pieces and killing all the men
As the explosion occurred in a very lonely place
and all the men were killed, no details are
known.— Railway Gazette.

Wood Freights.

The London Shipping and Mercantile Gazette,
of February 24th, says: Three Rivers to Liver-
pool, 65s.; Quebec to London, 62s. 6d.; Shediac
or Miramichi to direct United Kingdom or
French Atlantic port, 60s.; Saguenay or Mills,
River St. Lawrence, to direct port United
Kingdom, 57s. 6d.; Richibucto to direct port
W. C., 62s. 6d.; Nova Scotia ports to direct
W.C. port, 57s. 6d. A sailing ship has been
chartered in the Mersey to load timber at
Quebec for Limerick at_26s. ,

THE CANADA

LIVERPOOL.

Though our business has continued quiet,
there has been a visible increase in the quantity
of orders in the market, though they have been
more numerous than large. Of course there is
nothing doing in the mining districts, where all
trade is standing still, and is likely to continue
so until the disputes between the miners and
the proprietors are settled. This, however,
does not appear near at hand, and the whole
district is in a more or less disturbed state ; and
so long as this condition lasts there is little
chance of any business being done in this
quarter. This will materially affect the Nor-
wegian pitwood trade, and should act as a
check upon the exporters, seeing that it is by no
means unlikely that the strike will extend far
beyond its present boundaries.

Producers of Norwegian goods are apparently
ready sellers, especially of flooring, which is
being pressed upon the market at lower prices
than those current last year, but buyers are
somewhat reticent in making purchases, after
the experience of last year, when contracts were
made early in the season at good prices, and
other cargoes were subsequently shipped upon
the open market, to find a purchaser at any
price. The season of import for New Bruns-
wick deals, etc., is now about over, and prices
have dropped until they cannot be expected to
go lower, as all the yarded stock of the port has
been imported at higher rates than those now
current. At the same time producers abroad
must be prepared to suffer a still further reduc-
tion if they persist, in the face of the large
stocks here and in other ports, in getting out
large quantities of logs for deal-cntting.

There is little doubt that at the present time
the stocks of deals in the shipping ports of New
Brunswick and Nova Scotia are moderate, but
that fact should have very little weight with
shippers when they fully appreciate the fact
that the stocks are heavy here, and must be
worked down considerably before they can hope
to get paying prices again.

Freights will, in all probability, rule low for
the opening of the navigation, both for the deal-
producing ports and Quebec. For the latter we
hear that about 24s. is the prevailing idea, as
the rate offering to Liverpool; this will leave
little, if any, margin of profit to the shipowner.
The common qualities of yellow pine timber,
say from good fair average and downwards, are
becoming year by year much less,valuable than
they were formerly, owing to the competition
they meet with in pitch pine, as the latter can
be obtained, not only of longer lengths and
better sizes, even in sawn timber, but, what is
now-a-days of greater importance, at a much
lower rate than is asked for the Canadian
production.

A large proportion of the stock on hand con-
sists of this description, and it appears most
difficult to sell. We cannot help thinking that
the Canadians are putting far too high a value
upon their productions, especially for the
medium and lower qualities of pine timber and
deals, and in fact of nearly all their timber,
when not of really first-class quality.

LIVERPOOL TIMBER SALES,

On the 11th Feb. Messrs. Alfred Dobell &
Co. offered a cargo of Norway spars, poles,
etc., which realized fair prices, viz.:—

Masts, 6} in. diameter, 12d. per cubic foot.

Spars, 4 to 6 in. diameter, 1gd. to 14d. per lineal ft.
Poles, 30 ft. long and upwards, 1§d. per lineal ft.

«« 29 ft. and under, 1d. per lineal ft.

On the same day Messrs Duncan, Ewing &
Co., sold a parcel of 724 logs St. John birch
timber, as under :—
aie 14h i in., ae per ft.

144 15
15“ A “« Oey “

16 “a 16. “ 15 “ee

17k “18 “ 164d. to 18d. per ft.
18 ‘18k “ 173d. ‘ 18d.

19) 20 © 19d s"98kd.. «
Maple, plain, 154d. per ft,
AGH Winn Sse soTeecunte

The Advantages of Sawdust as a Filtering
Material,

On the 27th ult. Mr. Henry Chapman read a
paper before the Institution of Mechanical En-
gineers on the Farquhar Filtering Apparatus, in
the course of which he remarked that, in addi-
tion to water and sewage, this automatic self-
cleansing process may be expected to effect a
revolution in all kinds of filtration, and will
prove of great benefit to sugar-makers, distillers,
brewers, vinegar-makers, and others who require

LUMBERMAN.

pure, rapid, continuous, and economic filtration.
It entirely supersedes and dispenses with the
use of cloths or bags, which entail a considerable
annual outlay, and which do not produce an
average pure filtration. For brewers and distil-
lers it would be specially useful in filtering the
refuse, which at present contains a very large
amount of good liquid that is practically wasted
owing to the inability of any existing system to
filter it continuously.

Taking bulk for bulk it has been found that the
following great advantages are in favour of saw-
dust and against sand, &c. :—

1. It is a cheaper commodity.

2. Its cost of conveyance is not a serious item
as it is with sand.

3. Much less manual labour is required in
washing sawdust, chiefly on account of its light-
ness and portability,

4. It produces far purer filtration, because the
grains of sawdust, when saturated, pack closely
together, and the greater the pressure employed
the tighter the grains become knit together,
which cannot take place with sand.

5. More than three times the volume of liquid
is filtered in a given time through sawdust than
through the same bulk of fine sand by this pro-
cess. The reason is that the solid impurities are
arrested immediately on the top surface of the
sawdust, and are therefore instantly removed by
the cutter, so that rapid and continuous filtra-
tion ensues ; whereas with sand the impurities
always penetrate some distance below the top
surface, owing to the impossibility of making
grains of sand pack close enough together, even
under great pressure. In fact, the grains of
sawdust tightly overclap each other under pres-
sure being thus equivalent to a number of press-
ed layers of fine cloths or blotting paper, and
the sawdust bed is thus impervious to anything
but pure liquid.

The question naturally arises whether sawdust
imparts any flavour to the filtered liquid, which
with sugar, &c., might be a disadvantage. The
answer is that, after the liquid with which the
sawdust has been saturated previous to filtration
has been expelled, no flavour from the sawdust
can be detected in the filtered liquid. Thereason
is that the liquid with which the sawdust was
saturated is thoroughly absorbed into the loose
grains of the sawdust like a sponge, and that the
whole of this liquid is, under pressure, squeezed
out of the grains, carrying with it the greater
part of the flavour in thesawdust. The sawdust
being then in a compressed state, the filtered
liquid is prevented from entering into the inter-
ior of the grains, and in its rapid passage between
the grains it does not carry with it any flavour
therefrom.

In all cases the sawdust must be saturated
with some clear liquid prior to making the filter-
bed, in order to create capillary attraction equal-
ly in all directions, so that the filtered liquid
shall flow equally through the whole of the
bed.

Repeated tests have been made to ascertain if
the liquid to be filtered drives before it the whole
of the liquid used in the saturation of the bed
prior to filtration. This has always been proved
to be the case, by the following test. The
amount of water used in saturating the bed has
been carefully measured. So soon as this quan-
tity had been extracted, and not till then, did
the filtered sewage, or sugar juice, &c., pass out
of the machine.

Experiment with Gate Posts.

Fourteen years ago a Mr. Sterling, of Monroe,
Michigan,. placed two gate posts of white oak in
front of his residence. When they were set he
bored into the top of each with an inch and a
half auger a hole three inches deep, filled it
with common salt, tightly plugged it, and cop-
pered the posts. Having occasion recently to
change the location of the posts, he found them
as sounds from top to bottom as the day they
were planted,

Exhausting the Pine Forests,

The Chicago Lumbermen’s Exchange held its
annual meeting in that city on Monday, March
7th. The President’s address contains the
startling statement that it will take only twenty
years to exhaust the great pine forests of the
country if the present rate of depletion con-
tinues. The receipts of lumber of all kinds at
this port_last year were 1,564,000,000 feet.

MIDWINTER MALARIA. —
The last number of the Scientific .
contains the following sensible sanitary i
which should be read by all classes:—
From some cause or combination of cai
the present winter has been remaskaliil
widely extended and marked increase in diy
theria and scarlet fever, which have invac
homes in which the highest attainable skill
been exercised and the most approved ap
ances have been employed to render them
healthy as possible. In some cases the
diate causes of these disorders are undi
able, but in the light of sanitary sci
class of agents which either initiate or
increase the virulence of these complaints is
longer problematical. Decaying organic m
ters, more particularly animal ae
rise to a subtle blood poison, which, t
yet evades chemical analysis, is now conece
on all hands to be a positive deadly fact. W
this poison invades a dwelling, no
whether from exterior or interior soure
sufficient quantity, the lives of the inmates <
jeopardized as positively as though they
compelled to breathe a mephitic gas. The effec
may not be so prompt or fatal, but the dang
a fact no longer disputed by any intellige
physician.
It is, therefore, not sufficient to guard again
interior sources of diseases ; the peril may bein
a neighbor’s house or outbuildings, in the eman-
ations of a compost heap or a filthy street ¢
hidden cesspool, which if they find an avenue
may enter sleeping apartments, find a nidus im
clothing, carpets, and drapery, and bring in
their train the swift destruction of all that is
most cherished.
A case in point has occurred in a neighboring
village. Five cases of diphtheria appeared in
household where the utmost care had been taken
with the plumbing. The obvious inference
that the causes of the complaint were exterior
to the dwelling. It was found that the mouth
of the air-box through which exterior air ent
ed to supply the heating furnaces was on a leve
with the top of a cemented pit on the adjoining
premises, in which accumulations of kitchen
fuse, animal, vegetable and barn manure were
promiscuously stored and allowed to rot for
fertilizing purposes. The foul air from this pit
was drawn into the house through this one
avenue, and the poisoning of its unfortunate
inhabitants, four of whom died in quick succes-
sion, was the result. It seems that disease may
prevade a house with deadly result where the
cause is least suspected; it therefore devolves
upon every housekeeper, whether resident of the
city, village, or on a farm, to be constantly
watchful, not only of his own, but also of his
neighbor’s premises, that none of the obvious
causes of disease be permitted.

New Method of Inlaying Wood.
A new method of inlaying wood has been con-
trived by a furniture manufacturing house, the
process of which is as follows -—A veneer of the
same wood as that of which the design to be
inlaid consists—say sycamore—is glued entirely
over the surface of any hard wood, such as
American walnut, and allowed to dry thorough-
ly. The design is then cut out of a zine plate
about one-twentieth of an inch in thickness,
and placed upon the veneer. The whole is now
subjected to the action of steam, and made to
travel between two powerful cast-iron rollers of
8 inches in diameter, by 2 feet long, two above
and two below, which may be brought within
any distance of each other by screws. The
enormous pressure to which the zine plate is
subjected forces it completely into the veneer,
and the veneer into the solid wood beneath it,
while the zinc curls up out of the matrix it has
thus formed, and comes away easily, All that
now remains to be done is to plane down the
veneer left untouched by the zine until a th
shaving is taken off the portion forced into
walnut, when, the surface being pe i
smooth, the operation will be oo [t
might be supposed that the result of this forei
compression of the two woods would le
ragged edge, but this is not the case, the j
being so singularly perfect as to be unappi
to the touch : indeed, the inlaid wood fits m
accurately than by the process of fitting, ma
ing, and filling up with glue, as is practised
the ordinary mode of inlaying. x

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Grade Motes.

Canadian.

Tue outlook for building operations in Mont-
real during the coming summer is unusually
bright.

Ty is stated that thousands of tons of ore are
_yeady for shipment at Kingston as soon as navi-
gation opens.

On the 2nd inst., twenty-five men left Egan-
ville for up the Bonnechere, to work on Barnet
& Mackay’s drive, when it commences.

THE new mill about to be put in operation by
the Messrs. Gilmour, at Trenton, will give em-
ployment to about 200 men, in addition to the
large force already employed by them.

THE Augur shipping company of Montreal,
which already owns fifteen barges and two
steamers, suitable for the Ottawa lumber trade,
are negotiating for the purchase of two new
barges with a capacity of 250,000 feet each.

Mr. D. R. MacLeod, of Quebec, bought
recently the spruce deals to be cut at Mont-
morenci mills this year for Messrs. Bryant,
Powis & Bryant, who recently purchased the
pine deals referred to a few days since. Large
purchases have also been made by a Quebec
firm of spruce deals at Cap St. Ignace and river
Ouelle. The prices are not yet known, but are
understood to fully sustain recent quotations.—
Industrial World.

Mr. W. J. Macaulay, formerly of Winnipeg,
is erecting a new saw-mill at Keewatin, near
that already erected by the Keewatin Lumber
Company. It will have a capacity of eight
million feet. By making a cut about 275 feet
in length from the Lake of the Woods across a
ridge to a pond, a head of 17 feet of water is
obtained. Mr. Macaulay had 75 men at work
in the woods this winter and will take out
about four million feet.

Tue Windsor Mail says :—‘‘ We hear that a
stock company of about $200,000 capital is talk-
ed of in Windsor, for the purpose of manufac-
turing agricultural implements. As the sale of
these goods is large, and.always on the increase,
we have no doubt of the success of the under-
taking. We have heard it stated that at least
$150,000 worth of agricultural implements have
been sold in nova Scotia in one year, and there
is no reason why such a large amount of money
should not remain in the province. We look
anxiously for further developments.”

THE Perth Expositor says :—B. Caldwell &
Son will cut 100,000 feet of square timber in the
township of Canonto, Frontenac county, to be
sent down the Madawaska. They did not cut
last season. Hilliard & Dickson, of the same
locality, will take out about the same amount.
B. Caldwell & Son will cut 400,000 feet of square
timber, to 150,000 last season. The yield of
sawn lumber on the Mississippi will be from
twenty to twenty-five million feet, about the
same quantity as last season. On the Clyde, in
Levant township, county of Lanark, B. Cald-
well & Son will cut about 200,000 square feet of
timber.

soe ee
American.

EXPERIENCED lumbermen concede, says the
Lumberman’s Gazette, that this winter’s log cut
in Wisconsin will not exceed that of last season.

A STEAM mill, 40x128 feet, containing, besides
other machinery, a rotary, for long timber, and
eight shingle mills, is nearly completed at Van
Buren, Me.

Lumber rates from Stevens’ Point are as
follows: To Missouri river points, $78.20; to
East St. Louis, $61.20; to St. Paul and
Minneapolis, $36.00; to Milwaukee, $29.00.
This is per car load of 24,000 pounds.

The Stillwater (Minn.) Gazette says: It is
claimed on good authority that the lumber orop
for the present year will not be as large in pro-
portion to the number of men employed as was
that of last season. The reason is said to be too
much dry snow, which makes hauling hard.

s Five new glass works were started in Ohio
last year, and several more will be added this
year. The latest official statistics give 19 firms
engaged in glass manufacture, with 32 furnaces,
having 292 pots, and employing 2,032 men. In
the production of window glass there are em-
ployed seven furnaces with 66 pots ; flint glass,
19 furnaces with 199 pote ; green glass, four fur-
with 27 pote.

their business had run down 600,000 tons in
twelve months; and since that liberalizing of
rates the canals do 2,000,000 tons more business,
and there has been a consequent lowering of tolls
on the railroads.
only corrective agency of high grain freights
from the west.—American Exchange.

the following: Last fall, when lumber was
bringing a good price, it was thought that with
the coming winter there would be a general
rush for the woods, and that every man who

BRITISH AND AMERICAN TRADE WITH
CANADA.

The trade and navigation returns for the
Dominion of Canada, which were made up for
the past fiscal year and laid on the table of the
House of Commons at Ottawa on the 27th of
January last, are quite as favorable as our own,
and show an increasing trade with the mother
country, in comparison of that with other
nations, which it is very pleasant to see.

Our friends out there are fond of exciting our
apprehensions by threatening to let the United
States have all their timber (more than half,
they generally tell us, is already set apart for
them), if we do not relax our purse-strings and
pay better prices than we are accustomed to do
for their staple articles of wood traffic, pine and
spruce, which have been getting very scarce (on
paper) for the past ten years, but in reality
pouring into this country faster and at a
cheaper rate the last year or two than ever
before,

But in point of fact these returns reveal to us
by the test of figures that the United States, so
far from superseding the British demand by
their requirements from Canada, do not by any
means keep pace with us. It was easily proved
from the Custom House returns of the entries
and clearances at Quebec, Montreal, and the
Saguenay, that the deliveries by sea to the
United States ports bore no sort of comparison
to those for the United Kingdom. but there was
always the traffic across the river and by the
lakes to fill the imagination of buyers on this
side of the Atlantic with untold millions of
loads making their exit from the Dominion by
routes of which the ports of entry on the St.
Lawrence took no note. But the trade returns
of a country grasp the statistics of the business
done at every outlet or inlet of the Dominion,
and by those now before us we are enabled to
compare the respective values of their American
and their British trade, as they really stand, to
the people of Canada,

The total value of the exports of the Dominion
last year was only twice exceeded since its Con-
federation, and that was in the wildly specula-
tive years 1873 and 1874, when everybody
thought they were on the high road to prosperity
because, whatever price goods sold for during
the first of those years, the buyer was willing to
contract for similar goods at some advance for
the year following ; such at least was the case
with the timber trade, till 1875 came and dis-
pelled the illusion."However, not only has the
trade again resumed the activity of its best
days, but the exports last year from the
Dominion, for the first time in its history,
exceeded the value of the imports, which means
just this, that in a national point of view it-is
taking more money than it is spending, and
therefore doing its trade at a good profit.

The amount of the excess over the imports
was $1,421,711, and over the goods entered for
consumption $1,612,910. The total receipts from
import and export duties collected at the Cus-
tom Houses were $14,138,849, and the aggregate
trade of the Dominion shows an increase in
business done with the United Kingdom over
that of the previous year (1879) $13,018,438, and
a decrease in that with the United States of
America $8,207,863, than which we require no
better evidence of the increasing importance to
Canada of its British trade in comparison with
that of the United States, the difference being
in favor of this country by nearly four and a
quarter millions sterling. These statistics are
worth recording for future reference as often as
we are admonished that the United States are
going to buy up all our Canadian timber, as
they are earnestly entreated to do in self-
defence by those writers who, while preaching
an impending timber famine, are not indisposed
to do a lively business with what remains of the
depleted forests, whose extinction, while they
predict, they appear so feelingly to lament.
After this, we can look without blinking at the
forebodings of the coming year ; and there is a
paragraph in the circular of Messrs. Guy,
Bevan & Co., of St. John, N.B., and Miramichi,
which bears immediately on the question. After
letting us know that the stock of spruce at St.
John is only 27,000,000 ft. super, as compared
with 79,000,000 the year before, we have the
following warning :—

“The large and increasing demand for these

The Clearfield (Penn.) County Times is moved
to say : That there will be more timber put into
the river, and if possible got to market, this
season than for several years, is now disputed.
The indications now are that the demand will
be up to the supply, at least so far as the pro-
duct of this region goes. The present outlook has
ample time to change, however, during the next
60 days, and lumbermen who fail to get down
on the first floods may get caught in a reduction
of price caused by a glut in the lumber market.

Tue value of Hrie canal tonnage last year was
$200,000,000. The wheat acreage of the west,
which principally made this business, was more
than 2,500,000 acres more than in 1879, and a
like increase of acreage is expected this year.
Although the paid tolls on the canal of $113,000
a year were abolished, the toll receipts have
leaped up to nearly $300,000. The cost of keep-
ing up the canal is nearly $900,000, and the
revenues last year were $1,200,000, making a
surplus of over $300,000. Before the State of
New York discriminated in favor of the canals

The Erie canal is almost the

The Bangor (Me.) Commercial gives place to

could haul a log on the rollway would do so,
Others predicted that in consequence of the im-
mense cut, lumber would sell at ruinous prices
in the spring, and many of the operators would
suffer financially. This may be partially true
as regards the Penobscot, but on the Upper St.
John it is wide of the mark, for it is estimated
that the amount of logs cut on the Aroostook,
Tobique and the small streams in their vicinity
will not exceed 25,000,000 feet. Then, again, it
is a poor way to figure the supply at market
next year from the cut in the woods, for the
drives may be hung up, as they often have been,
and possibly, leave a not over large supply
available.
British.

The deliveries at the Surrey Commercial
Docks were very heavy last week, consisting of
no less than 5,249 standards of sawn wood and
73,800 feet of timber, as against 4,165 standards
and 38,200 feet respectively during the corres-
ponding week of last year. The total quantity,
however, for the five weeks is still very much
below the figures of 1880.

The importation last year into the United
Kingdom, without taking into account staves or
mahogany, consisted of 310,338,900 cubic ft. of
hewn and sawn wood, or nearly 38,725,000,000
super ft. To form an idea of this stupendous
quantity, it may be mentioned that there would
be a sufficient number of blocks 1 ft. cube, if
placed end to end, to stretch a girdle twice
round the earth, and leave almost a sufficient
number over to extend through the centre of it.

Liverpool seems to have been very much over-
charged with imported wood towards the end of
last season. Messrs. Coltart & Co. placed the
excess at 45 per cent. over the previous year,
but Messrs. Farnworth & Co. reckon it to be 53
per cent. in their circular of 31st January,
noticed in our last, and state that the stock on
hand is greater now by 18 per cent. than the
average of the last seven years.

The sum of the whole matter is that the pros-
pects of trade are very good, but the timber
market is in that kind of sensitive state which
would be likely to render speculative importa-
tion a very risky experiment. Things may go
down, but there is at present no indication of a
rise.

Quotations are being made, it is said, for
(Quebec yellow pine at £17 10s. for 1st, £11 10s.
for 2nd, and £6 for 3rd, per Petersburg standard,
free on board, For spruce, St. John and
Miramichi shipment, £4 10s. is, we believe,
asked ; while for Riga goods the figures are put
down at £7 for full 11 in. crown, although a
little time back £7 5s. was asked, and for 3x9
and 3x10} to 11 £6 10s. to £6.15s, free on board,
—Timber Trades Journal,

the season.

7

in the United States is likely to prevent several
mills, which have lately been cutting for the
English market, from doing so any longer.”

This would be rather alarming if we had not

heard the same kind of report with slight varia
tions before, but we require to be told a

little

more before attaching much importance to the
#tock on hand at any depot on the opening of

Sweden taught us a serious lesson

on this particular point of the trade last year.
They proved to us, and Englishmen going over
there to see for themselves admitted to a certain
extent the evidence of it, that the stocks on
hand were much shorter than usual to begin the
season with, and to remove any expectation
that these small stocks were likely to be re-
plenished during the season they remorselessly
dried up their rivers in every direction, as far
as it was possible for pens and ink to do it,
Nevertheless, we never had such a plentiful
supply from that country, which began earlier
and lasted longer than usual, but not without
water floatage, as appears to have been done
last yearin Sweden. Our Chicago correspondent

add the following :—

“The amount already banked probably ap-

proximates pretty closely to 50 per cent. of the
entire crop, or at least that part of it which it is
customary to put in during the winter.
mer operations have become so common now
that they are relied upon by many mill-owners
to make up any deficiency in their stock, or to
increase it if the development of the season
makes it desirable to saw more lumber than
they intended.”

Sum-

By this litjle piece of information the eyes of

the importers at home should be pretty con-
siderably opened. The year’s supply is not, it
seems, governed in any way by the quantity of
stock on hand at the opening of the season.
That may be large or small as it suits the con-
venience of shippers to lay it in.
during the winter great expectations were enter-
tained by shippers, and they bought up all the

Last year

stock they could in anticipation of a rise in
price at the fountain-head ; this year they are

not quite so sanguine, after filling up to the

brim most of their European channels of de-
mand, and they wisely refrain from encumber-
ing themselves with heavy stocks, as there is no
apprehension of any scarcity, or any increase of
price. We now can fully comprehend the
situation. The stocks abroad at the shipping
ports are evidently proportioned to the expected
demand. The heavy supply in the interior,
like the poste restante, must wait till called for,
—Timber Trades Journal.

Responsibility of Employers.

While a boy of 16 was at work upon a print-
ing press in the press room of a New York
paper the press was unexpectedly started. The
boy sprang back from his perilous position, and
in so doing tipped over the bench he was stand-
ing on, causing him to fall against another press,
which caught his arm and injured it so as to
make it forever useless. He sued the proprietor
in the superior court and obtained a verdict for
$3,000 damages. The defence was that the ac-
cident was caused either by the negligence of
the plaintiff or of a fellow workmen, for which
the proprietor was not responsible. In charging
the jury, Judge Speir said that if the plaintiff
or a skilled fellow workman were negligent the
plaintiff coald not recover damages; but that
if the defendant employed persons not skilled
in their work and the accident occured through
the negligence of one of such persons, the de-
fendant was responsible. An appeal was taken
from the judgment on the grounds that Judge
Speir erred in thus charging, and in permitting
the plaintiff to exhibit his mutilated arm to the
view of the jury, thus arousing their sympathy.
The general term has affirmed the judgment in
a long opinion written by Judge Freedman and
concurred in by Chief Justice Sedgwick.

THE Green Bay Advocate says there has pro-
bably never been so large an amount of products
of our northern forests gotten out and shipped
in any winter before as this, particularly cedar
posts, railroad ties, and telegraph poles, large
quantities of which have been put on the track.
Much timber killed by fire has been utilized in
this way. There has also been a large amount
of cordwood and tan bark gotten out.

nae ae gs

CARELESS SAWING AND PILING.

Tn the report of the Agricultural Commission
just issued, we find the following with reference
to the proper manufacture and piling of hard-
wood lumber :—

“One of the greatest drawbacks to the hard-
wood timber business is the difficulty experi-
enced in getting the lumber properly manufac-
tured. While there are many mills distributed
throughout the Province, very few of the saw-
mill men seem to know, or if they do, don’t care,
_how they cut their lumber. In most cases they
will cut the logs through and through, thus
leaving the heart in the lumber and often one or
more inches of bark on one side, besides making
the boards of uneyen thickness. When they
measure such lumber they do so on the wide
side, and make no allowance for heart lumber.
This is the source of great trouble to the pur-
chasers, as when properly measured there is a
great difference, even in a few thousand feet.
All hardwood lumber should be cut free from
hearts and shakes, and, when cutting, the logs
should be turned so as to make the lumber as
clear as possible, as a piece of good lumber,
either inch or thicker, six or eight inches wide,
is worth far more than one twice the width with
a heart or shake in the centre or on one edge ;
further, it should all be cut uniform in thickness
and parallel width, and also square edged,
Then, again, a great loss is occasioned by im-
proper piling of the lumber, as often good
lumber is completely spoiled and rendered
worthless from the way in which it is piled.
The piles should be started on firm foundations
laid north and south, as lumber piled in these
directions prevents the hot summer sun from
splitting the ends. Each length and thickness
should be piled separately, and, except in long
lengths, should only have two cross pieces ; in
lumber twelve to fourteen feet long, these
should be about nine feet apart. The pile
should have a slope of about six inches. This
can be done by placing the back stringer six
inches lower than the front. This fall causes
the rain to run off. The front piling strip
should be put across at the very end, or even a
little past the end, and each board or- plank
should come a little forward of the one below it.
The piling strips should be over each other, or
rather a little in front. For instance, a pile
twenty feet high should overhang say two feet,
and a straight-edge put up on the front of the
pile should touch all the front cross pieces, and
not touch the ends of the mmber. The lumber
should not be allowed to remain uncovered, but
should, as soon as piled, be covered with culls
or cheap lumber. The ends of the covering-
boards should extend over the front and rear,
and be tied down or have heavy pieces of timber
thrown on the top to keep the wind from blow-
ing them away. The piles should be finished as
quickly as possible.

If sawmill men would only attend to the
above instructions they would get from one to
three dollars per thousand feet more for their
lumber.

BRITISH TIMBER TRADE, 1880.

An exhaustive review of the trade for 1880 is
made by the London Zimber Trades Journal of
January 22nd, from which the following in-
teresting particulars are compiled, attention
being directed mainly to American stock sold in
the various marts of the kingdom :

The total supply of foreign timber to the
United Kingdom, exclusive of staves and furni-
ture woods, for two years past was as follows,
with the countries furnishing it, a “‘load” being

50 cubic feet :

1879. 1880.
Leads. Loads.
Norway and Sweden, hewn........ 436,653 658,881
Norway and Sweden, sawn...... «- 1,406,630 1,608,210
Rinssia shower cele nvevieleesiehna 174,898 336,649
Pe BONGIN stay, fernlsiaitie cintaraiks isletoreieare 723,609 1,060,608
Germany, Ow wisieeeiviecicietrenebale 200,911 277,579
British North America, hewn...... 194,431 360,622
ss oe SAWN... «++. 904,589 1,147,040
Other countries, hewn...... ...... 869,322 486,145
ss WD BAW crcerece cece 218,584 271,055
Totals <<i seine Deve vrcsene ve e+e4,731,527 6,206,778

The total supply of 1874 was 6,252,641 loads ;
1875, 4,985,769 loads ; in 1876, 6,260,913 loads ;
in 1877, 6,665, 361 loads; in 1878, 5,299,901
loads. Reduced to inch boords the superficial
measurement of the supply of 1880 would be
about 3,103,389,000 feet,

The importation from Canada to London last
year was: Yellow pine deals, 1,805,000 pieces ;
spruce deals 2,977,000 pieces ; yellow pine tim-
ber 4,357 loads ; red pine 992 loads ; elm 1,991
loads ; ash 2,719 loads ; hickory 311 loads ; ash
3,738 loads ; birch 8,617 loads.

As compared with the importation of 1879,
there was a decrease last year of 289,000 pieces
of pine deals and 345,000 pieces of spruce deals ;
there was an increase in yellow pine timber of
1,603 loads, of oak 1,137, and of birch 5,357
loads.

In 1878!'the tonnage employed in bringing
cargoes of timber, deals, and other wood goods
into Liverpool and Birkenhead was 373,000 tons
in 1879, 326,000 tons, and in 1880 about 485,000
tons, or an increase of 28 per cent. over 1878,
and 87 per cent. over 1879. Of this 485,000
tons, about 122,000 tons have been vessels en-
gaged in the Quebec and Montreal trade, 102,-
000 tons from St. John, N.B., 110,000 tons from
Nova Scotian ports, 96,000 tons from the Baltic
and White Sea, and 55,000 tons from the pitch
pine ports, and if we add the tonnage of the
vessels bringing teak, greenheart, and mahog-
any, which have not been taken into account in
the above, the total may be set down in round
numbers at 500,000 tons.

The imports from Canada of yellow pine tim-
ber in 1880 were 47,800 logs, against 25,200 in
1879, and 25,100 in 1878, and from St. John,
N.B., and the Lower Gulf ports, 6,100 in 1880,
against 3,100 in 1879, and 3,100 in 1878. Of
pine deals, 1,660,000 pieces in 1880, against 1,-
064,000 pieces in 1879, and 1,001,000 pieces in
1878, show a very large increase in this descrip-
tion of goods, which appear to be growing more
in favor year by year. The increase in the
quantity of deals from New Brunswiok and
other ports, chiefly spruce, is shown as follows :
In 1860, 6,289,000 pieces, against 4,735,000
pieces in 1879, and 5,896,000 pieces in 1880,
which may be estimated as being 87,500 Peters-
burg standards in 1880, 65,700 in 1879, and 81,-
800 in 1878.

Canadian goods have not varied much in
prices during the past season, save pine deals,
which gave way to the extent of 10s. to 15s. per
standard during the first part of the import
season, Owing to the consignment of parcels of
low qualities and generally poor specifications,
but regular sizes and good qualities have
throughout the year been very steady. This
has also been the case with prime timber, but
fair average and common qualities have been
sold at prices under cost of importation.

The import of pitch pine has been, like most
other woods, in excess of last year, being about
59,000 logs, against 40,000 logs in 1879. But as
there has been throughout a very lively con-
sumption of this favorite timber, our stocks, as
will be seen from the table, are moderate.
Prices during the year have been high, and,
although they have slightly receded here lately,
the rates asked abroad are very firm.

Stock for Year end’g

Dec. 31, ‘Dee. 31,
1880, ft. 1879. ft.
Quebec square pine..........+60: 869,000 534,000
£6, -waney DOaTd..6.0i os. ekiee 803,000 301,000
St OhNpinerdueslarieneaialncnnveemeecOcd 23,000
Other poxts pinOsaey see cuaveninn 43,000 18,000
Pitoh pine, hewn..........s0s000- 394,000 273,000
Lt) BAW vcwisietersicigee cies ele 200,000 204,000
Ss DIBDESS sirietetscirsloiicieniere c 37,000 13,000
Redipinertrnuttesh alle Guistivciisterse 63,000 22,000
Dantzic, 2603, f1).)./ cists X's ste miars sre of 219,000 59,000
Sweden and Norway fir...... ...., 4,000 7,000
Oak, Canadian... ..seee0see0+...524,000 714,000
SS BAIN. «oe Sheen ee Ceeeneenes 87,000 1,500
BL irreiet datare: Clelwie Sani uretatel cies eis terse 43,000 35,000
PAISIICEN cic tee: aeicrereveynrayaluieve/envuielels ears arm 13,000 9,000
BIxObianiesias.«civiae niece ar ceteleaiateys 275,000 86,000
Greenheart.... riccurseewe wacce vee 38,000 117,000
East India teak...ccsceeesse sence 77,000 93,500
; Stan@ds. Stand’ds.
Quebec pine and spruce deals.... . 11,095 6,766
B.B. & N.S. spruce deals........ 80,641 21,592
ce pine deals...... .... 1,856 2,224
(Baltioldealsewacctese vive etechicleiieare 6,943 3,468
“ poards..... Tia wW on eerehe tae 790 1,002
*¢ flooring boards............ 2,330 2,091

The total tonnage employed in the conveyance
of wood goods to Clyde ports during the year
1880 has amounted to 184,000 tons; from
British North America alone 123,000 tons ;
showing 5,000 tons more than the average of
the last ten years, From United States (pitch
pine), tonnage employed during 1880, 28,400
tons; India (teak), 13,200 tons; Mexico (ma-

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

hogany), 3,200 tons ; Baltic ports and Norway,
5,000 tons, etc. For the conveyance of wood to
Grangemouth, through which port this market

is supplied with Baltic and Norwegian goods,

the tonnage employed during the past year
amounted to 99,968 tons. Of this total a small
proportion represents imports from Quebec and
Pensacola to Grangemouth,

During the year 1877 Quebec square yellow
pine was imported to the amount of 77,472
pieces, while the total of 1880 only reaches 36,-
787 pieces, with a consumption of 43,899 pieoes,
and in 1879 import 13,231 pieces, and con-
sumption 34,500 pieces. These figures show
that much of the consumption of the past two
years has been drawn from the unusually heavy
import of 1877. The stock now on hand seems
to be moderate. Birch timber shows a very
heavy import during last year, 9,676 pieces; and
the consumption 7,921 pieces. The stock on
hand at 31st December last is about equal to
that of 1878. The probability of a sparing im-
port for the current year should have a tendency
to improve prices.

There has been a marked increase in the im-
port and consumption of pitch pine, a total of
96,694 logs being the import of 1880, and 71,-
465 logs the amount of consumption, as con-
trasted with an import of 43,506 logs, and con-
sumption 35,725 logs during 1879. This wood
appears to be improving in value and general
estimation.

Yellow Pine.—Quebec waney boardwood : the
stock at the beginning of the year was much
less than usual, and an advance in prices soon
took place, which is still well maintained. Re-
cent sales of prime 19 in, average square have
been at 2s. 4d.@2s. 7d. per foot.

Deck plank wood.—Prices, 60 to 70 feet aver-
age per log at 2s, 3d.@2s. 44d. per cubic foot ;
90 ft. average at 2s. 6d. per cubic foot. These
figures are much the same as were realized at
the beginning of the year, and for the spring
months a fair demand is anticipated, as ship-
building promises well.

Building timber.—The import has been judici-
ously curtailed, and the stock now on hand is
comparatively light, which is satisfactory in
view of the dull state of the house-building
trade ; 50 ft. average recently brought 14d.@
16d. per ft., showing an advance on prices cur-
rent at the beginning of 1880.

Red pine.—Parcels of 30 to 35 ft. average
have recently sold at 14d. to 16d., being much
the same prices as were obtained in the opening
of the year.

Pitch pine.—There has been a very heavy im-
port and large consumption during the year.
The stock on hand is not very heavy considering
the rate of consumption, and prices at present
current are very similar to what they were
about a year ago—hewn of 80 to 90 ft. average
20d. to 21d.; and sawn, 35 to 40 ft. average,
184d. to 194d.

-Elm.—Present prices, 2d. Id. to 2s. 2d. per
cubic ft. for 45 to 66 ft. average, and Is, 10d.
per cubic ft. for 30 ft. average of good quality.

Ash.—Import and consumption during the
year show a marked increase, this wood coming
more into use by cabinet-makers ; prices 2s. to
2s. 3d. per cubic ft.

Birch.—Current prices Quebee of 16 in. aver-
age, ls. 7d. per cubic ft., lower port, 15 to 16
in. average, at 1s. 4d. per cubic ft. Stock on
hand may be called moderate, considering the
rate of consumption experienced during the past
year.

Deals.—Prices : 1st quality Quebec pine deals,
2s. 2d. to 3s. per cubic ft.; 2nd quality, 1s.
74d. to 1s. 10d.; 8rd quality, 1s. 24d. to 1s. 5d.
Lower port pine deals, 1st, 2nd and 3rd quality
mixed, at 11d. to 1s. ld. per cubic ft. Spruce
deals at 10d. to 1s. 1d. per cubic ft. Last year’s
total import of deals shows a very large increase
over that of 1879. The most marked increase is
in lower port deals, of which there were large
arrivals in the spring of 1880. There is at pre-
sent an ample stock of Quebec deals, but of
other descriptions the supply is quite moderate.

Prices have undergone very little change
during the year.

The reports throughout the entire kingdom
show an increased importation for last year and
larger stocks on hand at the close, notwith-
standing an improvement in trade and a larger
consumption,

| Virginia, So far the accumulation of pig iron —

TIMBER SUPPLY. *
There are few questions more important to
Western Ontario farmers than the question of
timber culture for future use. Forests ha
been cut down with almost criminal waste }
no new ones planted, and even in the Orillia
districts ten years will use all lumber fit for the
saw. While the futre lumber supply has been
much talked of, a few farmers in that neighbor-_
hood, show the question not so hard of solution,
Having planted a few acres of poor land, they
found it does not require many years to grow
profitable timber, and that if its culture
properly understood there is little occasion to

offer any inducement to plant beyond the self-
interest involved in itself, just as there is in a
other business pursuit. The man who plants n
orchard does not expect to get any return until
it is ten or fifteen years old. He knows that if
he wants to sell his farm before the trees bear
fruit, the statement on the sale-bills that it con-
tains “‘ an orchard of fruit trees just coming into

bearing,” will help the bidding wonderfully, and
it would be the same with the trees if the tim-
ber question were properly understood. These
parties state that a piece of woodland properly
planted will come into use as quickly as an
apple orchard will, and a farm of one hundred
acres that had a few acres of young forest would
bring far more than the additional cost of plant-
ing, should the farmer be forced to sell before
the timber matured. All this implies that it be
properly located. It would neither be prudent
nor profitable to plant where a whole acre of
timber could be bought for a few dollars any
| more than it would be wise to plant apple trees
the fruit of which nobody would buy. There is,
however, no doubt that in fifteen or twenty
years, over a large district of our Province, tim-
will be scarce and lumber high-priced, and that
those who plant now will be well rewarded
though the trees be not large enough for saw-
logs then, yet the little plantation would come
well into use for fuel and other purposes. Every
one who own a farm should look about him and
see how the timber prospect is, and, if he sees a
probable scarcity in the market or in his wood-

| shed, plant a few acres to supply the deficiency. |
—_—_—_—————_— ee ‘

Where the Wood Goes.

To make shoe pegs enough for American use
consumes annually 100,000 cords of timber, and
to make our lucifer matches 300,000 cubic feet
of the best pine are required every year. Lasts
and boot-trees take 500,000 cords of birch, beech,
and maple, and the handles of tools 500,000
more. The baking of our bricks consumes 2,-
000,000 cords of wood, or what would cover with
forest about 55,000 acres of land. Telegraph
poles already up represent 800,000 trees, and,
| their annual repair consumes about 300,000 more.
/ The ties of our railroads consume annually
thirty year's growth of 75,000 acres, and to
fence all our railroads would cost $45,000,000,
|with a yearly expenditure of $15,000,000 for
repairs. These are some of the ways in which
American forests are going. There are others ;
| packing boxes, for instance, cost in 1874 $12,-
000,000, while the timber used each year in mak-
|ing waggons and agricultural implements is
| valued at more than $100,000,000.

}

THE Thunder Bay North Star Miner urges
the establishment of rolling mills and blast fur-
naces at that place. It expresses the opinion
that ‘‘ Thunder Bay is the one point most favor-
able for the erection of rolling mills and blast
furnaces, and capitalists can find no better site,
and no better time than the present, for the
establishment of industries of this nature. There
jis here the necessary deposit of ore in quality
| and quantity, the opportunity of disposing of
their manufacture at a large profit, and the mat-
ter of labor is also favorable, for it is generally
abundant at fair wages.”

TWELVE months ago only ten furnaces were in
blast in Virginia. There are now 30 stacks for
charcoal pig iron, with ten in blast ; eight stacks
for coke iron, with eight in blast—24 staaks in

| blast out of 38 furnaces in the State. There has
| been an increase of five stacks this year (1880)in

is merely nominal. Throughout the State and
the bordering States of North and South Caro-
lina, Tennessee and West Virginia, the iron
industries are prospering, and the promise for
1881 is most satisfactory. _

&
= a

Kis stronger than iron, both pieces being
qual weight.

HOSE who pretend to know predict a busy
therefore prosperous season for the owners
Is during 1881.

.UMBERMEN in Pennsylvania have been com-
ed to suspend work on acoount of too much
w in the woods.

he number of boiler explosions in saw, plan-
and woodworking mills in 1880, was 47, and
y explosion killed, on an average, one man
a half.

(NCE national banks were founded in the
d States, the Government is the gainer by
single item of the loss in circulation notes
the banks to the extent of at least $3,500, -

Accorpine to the Lumberman’s Gazette St.
Louis is making rapid strides as a lumber mar-
, and says that its receipts and sales for 1880
entitles it to rank as the third if not second lum-
ber market in the United States.
HE new mode of manufacturing flour is being
ntroduced into the Guelph, Ontario, mills, and
promises quite a revolution in the trade. Tron
sllers and middlings purifiers are the order of
he day, and a very superior flour is the result.
Durine the last ten years the tonnage of
(ntwerp has increased 242 per cent. against an
crease of 110 per cent. at Hamburg, and 36
x cent. at Liverpool during the same time.
does not look as if protection were killing
the trade of Antwerp.
Tr is doubtful if the iron foundries and ma-
shine shops in Montreal were ever so actively
employed as at present. They are all working
extra hours, yet unable to fill orders rapidly
enough. A great deal of the work is for Mani-
toba and the North-West.
_E. Borys, of Hamilton, Ont., has been asked
by a British company to act as agent for the
hase of timber lands either in Canada or
States. The company is prepared to invest
00,000; it is proposed to manufacture the
lumber, and ship it direct to England.
Tr is anticipated that the supply of peaches in
the Western and Southern markets next season
will be very scant. Not many peach buds are
cely to escape the frost at some points. At
e places even as far south as Arkansas it is
ed the trees are killed as well as the buds.
ERE are many kinds of popular possessing
jualities in some cases of no inconsiderable value
when properly employed. Flooring boards, for
stance, very tough and lasting, are made from
Some of the kinds, and are said to be all but
oof, naturally, therefore, very unsatisfac-
firewood.
E lumber dealers of Chicago are agitated
the provision of a pending city ordinance re-
ring keepers of lumber yards to take out
licenses annually. They not only object
x the fees but to being classed with dis-
brewers, billiard hall keepers and pawn-
DEPUTATION of lumbermen from the Upper
Yitawa waited on the Hon. Mr. Chapleau to
rotest against the imposition of the additional
xes which have lately been placed on the lum-
er by the Quebec Government. Mr. Chapleau
omised to lay their grievances before his col-

gE state of Nevada has a remarkable timber,
wn as mountain mohogany. ‘The trees are
e, averaging less than a foot in diameter.
soned timber is said to be as hard as
cwood, of a very fine grain, of a rich red
» very heavy, and a fine material for the

jurre a lumbering business is springing up at
ortage, at the head of Lake of the Woods,
waber of large saw mills are being oonstruct-
e. They are surrounded by considerable
of pine and more extensive tracts of
The Canadian Pacific railroad crosses
g river at Rat Portage, and a town
ance is likely to result.
atH & Co., of Liverpool, in their an-
w say :—The year 1880, just closed,
exceptional circumstances, been
airly satisfactory year the wood trade
o for many years past, and there is a
ion, expressed by many experienced

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

buyers, that it is the commencement of several
prosperous years.

Tue new departure in the mode of bringing
square timber down the Ottawa Valley promises
to be successful and remunerative. <A. special
train of twenty cars containg square timber
from Mackey’s station on the Upper Ottawa ar-
rived at Ottawa the other day. The trip is now
done in about twelve hours with no loss of tim-
ber. It formerly consumed several weeks,

Mr. Warson, in his Mechanical News, says
that the best packing he ever used for faced
joints, either steam or water, is common draw-
ing paper soaked in oil. After a short time the
heat of steam converts it into a substance like
parchment, so that it is practically indestruc-
tible. It has the advantage of stripping readily
from surfaces when it is desired to break a
joint.

TuE Chicago lumbermen have instituted a
system of weekly lunches at the rooins of the
exchange, some member furnishing the spread
and presiding as host. After disposing of the
viands a business meeting is held and matters of
interest to the trade are discussed. The atten-
dance at the meetings of the exchange is said to
have increased since the new order has prevail-
ed. Lumbermen love to eat, no doubt.

Tur Guelph Herald says that Mr. James
Campbell, of Hast Williams, drew into Strath-
roy recently, with one team (one of which was
his champion plough horse and the other a horse
24 years old), a stick of square oak which the
culler scaled at 216 feet. He handled two other
sticks which measured respectively 168 and 140
feet, the three making 516 feet. It was pretty
generally supposed that the timber in this region

-was about exhausted, but these sticks do not

point that way.

THE PROSPECT FOR BUSINESS.

If there is not to be a continuation of the
business activity throughout the present year,
and a large increase therein, the signs are very
misleading. The flow of specie to this country
continues, and the amount coming on account is
not the whole sum, by any means. The stream
of immigration is still pouring into this country,
and the thrifty Germans coming are bringing
with them no small amount of money, one train
load which passed over a Michigan railroad the
other day being reported as carrying westward
more than one hundred thousand dollars. There
has not been, at least since 1873, such an amount
of railroad building done as is proposed this
year, and never such gigantic enterprises on
foot. Railroads are projected in every direc-
tion, and the money for their construction is at
hand. Such grand enterprises as the world
neyer saw since Rome built the Appian way,
are under construction. The Canadian Pacific
railroad, to cost some $90,000,000, and traversing
the wilderness of the north to bind the British
possessions in a closer union. The Northern
Pacific, which is being pushed with remarkable
energy and will be finished in 1882, although it
was once considered a ‘‘dead duck.” The
Central and Union Pacific railways are spread-
ing themselves out northward to mineral regions,
coal lands and agricultural and grazing districts.
The Union will soon have 3,000 miles of roads
tributary to it, and the Central is destined to
become a part of a line under one management
extending entirely across the continent. The
Southern Pacific railroad only lacks a few miles
of completion, and will unite the Atlantic at
Norfolk with the Pacific at San Diego as well as
San Francisco. The new south-western system
planned by Jay Gould has the ancient city of
Mexico as an objective point and will probably
be extended to Guayumas on the Pacific. Then
there are the several schemes for crossing the
isthmus of Central America, one of which will
probably break ground this year and go forward
until completed. There is no end of lesser rail-
road enterprises, which at other times would
have been great undertakings, but are now mere
bagatelle beside those above named. There is
money for all, and the dirt will fly in a lively
manner on all this year. Business is bound to
be good while it lasts. Labor will be in good
demand, money will be plenty and more building
and repairing will be done, making an addi-
tional demand for lumber. This is going to bea
good year for the trade, and no mistake.—
Lumberman’s Gazette,

THE QUEBEC TIMBER DUES.

On Tuesday of last week an influential depu-
tation, representing the lumbering interests of
the Ottawa District, Quebec and Montreal,
waited on the Hon. Mr. Chapleau at his office
in this city in reference to the proposed increase
in the timber tariff in the Province of Quebec.
The deputation was composed of Messrs.
Alonzo Wright, M. P., John Rochester, M.P.,
John Poupore, M.P., Peter White, M.P., Col.
Allan Gilmour, J. K. Ward, Mackey and several
others. The timber dues heretofore have been
levied upon each saw-log according to its
dimensions, and the tariff has been for every
log 134 feet long and 16 inches in diameter and
under 10 cents, and for every log of 134 feet in
length and 17 inches and over in diameter, 15
cents. To this rate the lumber dealers never
objected, but by a recent order in council it ap-
pears that the Government propose to increase
the tariff very greatly. It is now proposed to
levy a tax of 124 cents upon the smaller class of
logs and 26 cents on the larger. This rate the
lumbermen consider exorbitant, and ask that
the dues be levied in the same manner as in
Ontario, viz., that each log be taxed in propor-
tion to its contents, superficial or board measure.
In Ontario the tariff is 75 cents upon every
thousand feet, and this mode of levying duties
is found much more equitable for all concerned.
The lumbermen ask for a reduction in the pro-
posed duties, as they consider that to put such a
tariff in force as proposed would seriously ham-
per the whole lumbering business of the Pro-
vince, and result in a great waste of timber, and
calculate that under the proposed tariff instead
of 75 cents per thousand as in Ontario the duty
in Quebec would amount to about $1.50 per
thousand. The Premier informed the deputa-
tion that the Province was sadly in need of an
increased revenue, and that other sources of
revenue being almost exhausted, it had been
decided to increase the timber dues, but he
would bring the matter before his colleagues in
the Government, with the recommendaticn that
the Ontario system of levying dues be adopted.
—Montreal Witness.

PUGET SOUND TIMBER.

A correspondent of the Chicago Zimes writes
as follows concerning the fir tree growths of
Puget Sound, W. T. :—He says the trees aver-
age 200 feet in height, and asserts that some
specimens have been cut down in his presence
that were 320 feet in length by 12 feet in diam-
eter at the base, having a straight and well pro-
portioned log length of 90 feet to the first limb,
and being 2 feet in diameter within 20 feet of
the top. The cedar trees are in like proportion,
and are most valuable for wooden wares of all
kinds, while the fir trees are the best for spar and
ship timber yet found in any country, and there
are but few maratime nations in the world that
do not use it in their ship building. One-fourth
of the wealth of San Francisco was culled from
the firs of Puget Sound while the Government
slept, and to-day all the principal large mill
owners who saw and prepare for the market
from 100,000 to 200,000 feet per day to each mill
—and there are 30 or more mills—are all resi-
dents of San Francisco, where they invest their
profits to the perpetual hurt of Puget Sound
residents. A cedar and fir forest is, of itself, a
great curiosity ; so dense are the tree growths in
some places that the sunlight of heaven never
reaches the earth at their base. One monarch
after another will be found grouped together
like an immense barricade. When one of these
huge firs is felled by the woodsman, the crash,
bound and concussion that resounds over the
earth remind one of heavy peals of distant
thunder, or the explosion, miles away, of some
great powder magazine. There is, apparently,
no exhaustion of the timber, and 100 years will
possibly pass away before the Puget Sound for-
ests will be cleared of their immense resources
of various tree growths; hence, that wealth
alone far exceeds that of the entire state of New
York,

To Fix Pencil Marks.

To fix pencil marks so they will not rub out,
take well skimmed milk and dilute with an
equal bulk of water. Wash the pencil marks
(whether writing or drawing) with this liquid,
using a soft flat camel hair brush, and avoiding
all rubbing. Place upon a flat board to dry.

A FOREST MONAKHCH.

Mayor Sleeman,of Guelph, having bought the
oak timber rights on the property of Mr. Besley,
near Kossuth, county of Waterloo, had brought
home the ten feet butt cut off a certain tree ty
his brewry, where it was much admired by the
members of the Local Legislature during their
recent visit. Desirous of obtaining a section of
what was evidently an uncommon specimen of
tree growth, Professor Brown and some students
of the Ontario Agricultural College, by kind
permission of Mr. Sleeman, went to Kessuth
last Saturday.
free clay loam, having a south-eastern exporure,
some 200 acres—with rare

They found an easy slope of

and covered all over
samples of maple, beach, ash, birch, elm, bass,
and oak, in all their glory of height, girth, and
plenty ; a rare bush for the older townships of -
Ontario, and well worth $200 per acre.

About the year 1505, one of these oaks appear-
ed above ground—probably from the dropping
of an acorn by a previous monarch long deceas
ed, and may now be growing fine wheat in the
immediate neighborhood. In 1881 the proceeds
of this acorn are being made into beer barrels,
and part rescued to adorn a museum.

This tree is the Quercus Rubrum, or Red
Champion Oak of America, and in the example
now felled stood 135 feet from top to toe ; girth
ed 17 feet 9 inches inside the bark, two inches
from the ground, the bark being four inches
thick ten feet up. The stem was straight and
branchless for 66 feet, and gave measureable
timber fifty feet above that. Not a flaw, nor
rotten hole of any sort disfigured this magnifi-
cent specimen. It grew fresh wood all around
last year, as much as it did three hundred years
ago, and by careful calculation the students
made the age 375 years. The contents of the
stem proper are 530 cubic feet, and 90 for top
timber—in all 620. We do not know what
Mayor Sleeman paid for this “stick,” but laid
down at Liverpool it is worth $450. Weight 15
tons. Made into inch boards it would floor the
largest hall in Canada.

It was a flourishing seedling only fifty years
after the discovery of the American continent
by Columbus ; was seven inches in diameter
when England’s Virgin Queen reigned. It
could tell of the time when the Niagara falls
were a quarter of a mile further down stream
than now, and at the declaration of American
Independence would have made a shed to cover
four hundred men.

Nevertheless, it may never have sheltered a
red man, as being out of the usual paths, though
hungry bears must often have been served with
acorn dinner.

What a pity somebody won’t try to rouse our
national pride towards legislating something
to conserve even individual specimens of our
forest wealth and beauty. Everybody appeais
to be so well off, and so busy, that a few strokes
of the axe wiping out of existence a four century
monument calls for no lament, and certainly
calls to no action. When will Canada know
what a tree is in all its relationships ?—Guelph

Mercury.
ST

Two Thousand Dollars.

The easiest, cheapest and best way to secure
the above amount is to apply for membership
in the Mutual Benefit Association of Rochester,
N.Y. Pay Dr. S. B. Pollard, 56 Bay Street,
one dollar for four medical examinations, he
will send your application to the head office, if
you are accepted as a member they will issue a
certificate of membership, which, on payment
of eight dollars, entitles you to full benefits as a
member, should you die to-morrow, next day,
next week, next month, or any time within
three months, this Association will pay to your

|heirs or assigns, the sum of two thousand

dollars. At the expiration of the three months
all you. have to do is to pay your pro rata
amount, which is from 20 to 75 cents on the
death of some other member, who’ has done
nothing worse than to die during the three
months just past. By paying your assessments
on deaths, you keep your certificate alive, and
at the commencement of the second year you
are assessed two dollars per thousand to keep up
oilce expenses, etc., for the next year. No
easier, surer or better schemes to carry two
thousand dollars has ever been devised than the
Mutual Benefit Associates, of Rochester, N.Y. -
b-10

10

THE CANADA

AMarket Heports.

Orrick or THkE CANADA LUMBERMAN,
March 10th, 1881.

We have been unable to obtain any reliable

figures with regard to late transactions (if any)

in the Canadian markets, and therefore refrain

from giving those that would be necessarily

valueless. We trust, however, by our next

issue to have such arrangements completed as

will enable us to discharge our duty in this
respect.

—_—______—_—
New York Lumber Market.

The report of the Real Estate Record shows
that the market is presenting fairly cheerful
features. The majority of the trade speak hope-
fully of the outlook and if all expectations and
predictions are realized there is a first-rate busi-
ness ahead. Accumulations commence to
dwindle and break up, and the additions cannot
amount to much for a considerable time ahead.

Spruce meets with some demand for both
prompt and distant delivery, but there is no ex-
citement or undue anxiety on the part of buyers,
and the market fails to receive a decided
stimulus. Quotations as named range from
$15.00 up to $17.50 for randoms, and thence up
to about $20.00 for specials, with extra difficult
held higher. Quite a number of cargoes of
random are said to be afloat for this market.

White pine remains in a pretty firm position,
and holders express much confidence over the
outlook, Available stocks have been greatly
reduced, additions cannot be made except at
much trouble and expense, and the demand, as
a whole, is promising. We quote $17@20 per
M. for West India shipping boards ; $23@24 for
South America do.; $15.50@16.50 for box board;
$17.00@17.50 for do. wide and sound do.

Yellow pine continues somewhat in sellers’
favor, but more particularly on specials. On
random, offering of either old accumulation or
current arrival,the tone is unsettled, but inclined
to a little weakness, especially on boards. We
quote random cargoes at about $23,50@25.00
per M.; ordered cargoes, $25@26 do.; green
flooring boards, $24@25 do.; and dry do, do $25
@26.50. Cargoes at the South $14@17 per M.
for rough, and $19@20 for dressed,

—_——_—>____——_-
Saginaw Valley.

The Lumberman’s Gazette of February 20th
says :—

The market this week presents no special
features to distinguish it from other points
where a firm feeling and confidence in the future
prevails. There is no especial activity notice-
able, but orders and enquiries are being received
daily. The sales made are generally satisfac-
tory ; in fact, they have to be satisfactory,
especially to the seller, or they are not made.
When we speak of sales, of course reference is
had to lumber to be delivered on the opening of
navigation. When this is remembered, the con-
fidence in the future stability of the general
market will be more fully realized. Not less
than 100,000,000 feet of stock will have been
bought before the opening of navigation at
prices averaging $7, $14 and $32. It must be
admitted that this is a pretty good indication of
a stable market. Sales have been made the past
week at $7, $14 and $32, $6.50, $13 and $30 and
$7.50, $15 and $35 for cargo lots.

The demand for shingles has increased, and
the stock on hand has been pretty much ex-
hausted. Clear butts command $1.90 @ $2.10,
and XXX $2.90 @ $3.10.

The expectation is that freights will rule
higher than last year. These expectations
seem justified by the facts that there will
be demands made upon the lake marine
in excess of the tonnage added since the
close of navigation last year. Some contracts
have been made for the entire season of 1881,
but the terms have not transpired.

The rates of freight by rail from the Saginaw
Valley, for 10 tons, to Albany is $60; to Bur-
lington, Vt., $76; to Buffalo, N. Y., $36; and
to New York city $66.

a
The Austrailian Timber Trade,

In their monthly timber report, dated Mel-

bourne, Dec. 28rd, 1880, Messrs. Gemmell,

Tuckett & Co., state as follows :—Since our

issue of the 25th ultimo a large amount of busi-
ness in timber has been carried through, both at
auction and privately, and prices on the whole
have been well sustained.

AmericAN LumBer.—We report sales ex
Willard Mudgett, Ladogo, B. Webster, and
Penobscot, realizing—for Canadian clear, £14;
white pine shelving, £8. 12s. 6. to £10. 10s.;
white pine, t. and g. ceiling, £9 per m. super.
We hear the clear pine ex J. A. Borland—49,-
238 ft.—has been placed privately at full rates
We note the arrival of W. H. Besse, with 264,-
083 ft. shelving, 56,246 ft. white pine, t. and g.
ceiling, 10,356 ft. Canada pine siding, 495
spruce deals, and 25 m. 44 ft. sawn laths. Ship-
ments advised are very moderate, and we look
for higher rates being obtained for parcels here
and to arrive.

CANADIAN TimBer.—The cargo ex R. B.
Fuller was sold at auction on the 17th inst.,
about three days after the vessel was berthed,
realizing—for 2 in. and 3 in. clear, £18 to £18
7s. 6. per m. super; 1 in. do., £15 10s. do.;
6x t. and g. spruce, 8s. per 100 ft. lineal ; 6 x Z
t. and g. red pine, 8s. do.; 113 spruce deals,
4d. to 3 11-16d. per ft of 9x3; 93 do.; 3 7-16d.
to 3 5-16d. do.; 8x3 do.; 35-16d. do.; 7x3 do.;
215-16d. do.; 2 in., 38d. to 2d. do.; 11x1, 10
x1, 9x1, 8x1, do.; 38d. to 34d. do.; red pine
deals and boards, 44d. do. Ex P. J. Carleton,
11x3 spruce, 38d. do., 9x3 do., 4d. do.;7x3
do., 39-16d. do.; 11x1 do., 38d. do. As the
Republic is now the only vessel to arrive this
season from Canada, and will comprise our
whole stock in first hands, we expect prices will
advance.

COMPARATIVE IMPORTS,

1880, 1879. 1878.
Spruce deals 56,531 118,053. 60,952
ees
Glasgow.

The imports of foreign timber to Clyde during
last week are three cargoes, consisting respec-
tively of mahogany, greenheart, and pitch pine.
The mahogany is the cargo per Ensign from
Belize, the arrival of which, off coast, was an-
nounced by the brokers, Messrs. W. Connal &
Co., in last issue of the Journal. The date of
sale is now fixed for the 25th current, at York-
hill Wharf, Glasgoow.

With regard to the public sales of American
timber and deals, reported below, prices are
steady ; but, owing to the present inclement
weather, purchases have been light, various de-
partments of out-door work being hihdered
from proceeding, and buyers consequently not
disposed to stock heavily.

AUCTION SALES.

On 10th inst., at Greenock, Messrs. Allison,

Cousland & Hamilton, brokers :—

Quebee waney boardwood, 50 c, ft. av. per log 2s
per c. ft

. 14d.

Do. 38 to 43 c. ft. av. per log Is. 8d. to 1s, 11}d. per
c. ft.
Do. yellow pine, 50 c. ft. av. per log 1s. 6d. per
c. ft
Do. elm, 45 c. ft. av. per log 1s. a per c. ft.
Do. elm, 25 “ ls. 6
Quebee Ist qu inlity pine deals—
15 ft. 11X38 2s. 10d.
Do. 12 ** 11x38 2s, Sid.“
Do. BOL <8 2s. 4d. a
Do. 12 “* 7/10x3 2s. 64d... ‘
Do. 12 “ 7/8xs8 28. lad. ‘“
Do. 2nd guar pine deals—
12 ft. 10/16x3 1s. 5d. Us
Do, 2nd quality pine deal ends—
8 ft. 7/25x3 Is. 74d. ‘“*

Do. 3rd quality pine deals—
12/15 ft. 8/20+3 Is. 2hd. *

Pensacola pitch pine planks—
1lot 3 in. thick 1s. Oist O7
Do. 1 d)6) Ske Apdo es

On 16th inst. , at Glasgow, ree Singleton,
Dunn & Co., brokers :—

Ist quality Quebee yellow pine deals— per c. ft
9to13 ft. 12/21x8 2s. 9a.“
Ist' do. planks 6‘ 8 “* 7/16xX2 1s id. **
2nd do. deals 9“ 14 “ 7/15x8 1s. 6d. “
do. planks 9 “14 “ 7/16x2 1s. 2d. **

3rd do. deals 9 “16 “ 6/9X8 Is. 2d. and 1s. 3d

Quebec red pine deal ends—
6 to 8 ft. G/11xg Sid. per ec. ft.
Ist quality Sault-au-Cochon yellow pine deals—
9to15 ft.11x3 Qs. 54d per ¢, ft
ae

Do. do. 9 * 13 6/10x8 Qs. 2ha.
2nd do, 9 * 14 ‘* 11/25x3 Is. 14d. ss
4th do. 10 “© 12 ** 12/22x8 Is. Sad. s
Ist and 2nd quality do. planks—

10 to 14 ft. 6/12X2 1s. 2hd. aS
2nd quality do, red pine deals—

9to 19 ft. 6/8Sx3 108d. ~3
3rd do. 12 19 “+ 78x83 10d. uw
ne do. 9 “16% 6/7x8 9d. ns
Ms do. ends 7 “ 8 “ 9x3 9hd. yy
Ss doreaaes ** 6/7 X8 9d. xe
Os GO. we bys O7E (S/O BiBads S
4th quality deals 10 ‘17 “ 6/8x3 Sd. ss

Richibuecto spruce deals—
9 to 11 ft. 7x3 10d. s

—Timber Trades Journal, 19th Feb.

The circulation of the Canapa LUMBERMAN is
over 2,000 copies. Advertisers should note this.

LUMBERMAN.

Board of Trade Keturns,

An account of the wood imports into the
United Kingdom during the month ending
January 31st, 1881, compared with the corres-
ponding period of last year :

Month ended 31st January.

Quantity. alve.
1880. | 1881. | 1880. 1881.
Loads. Loads. £
TIMBER (hewn.) .. 1,441) 4,931) 4,625
Ruseld.soisascre acu 29,400) 27,969) 48,895
Sweden & Norway.. 3,891 9,860) 11,338
Germany.....55...+. 1,25 2,009 4,453
Brit. North America| 33,246 28,672) 62,302) 42,113
Other Countries. . . .| _——-———|__--_| —_—_—__!|—__--_
69,228 73,441) 131,613) 147,612
TOU a naiertiore is SO
Timber (sawn or split
planed or dressed)
Rubalaiers scarier: wis ketd 5,761) 14,577) 12,179) 33,267
Sweden & Norway..| 19,298] 20,440) 45,018) 52,587
Brit. North America| 14,347 6,502} 32,249) 19,093
Other Countries....} 11,400 8,935} 36,784) 30,425
a eed —| ef eee
Total.....++«+-| 50,806) 50,454) 126,230) 135,372
Staves (all sizes)....] 1,407| 4,389) 8,714] 27,774
Mahogany (tons).. . 1,763 2,472} 14,5811 22,136

*A “Load” equals 50 feet.
——_______—-
Chicago.
YARD QUOTATIONS—CAR LOTS—DRY.
FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH.
Lat, 2d.clear, 1,1} and-Ud- am. cas’ scistes pees oloe $43 00

Ist and 2d clear, 2in
1st and 2d clear, 3 in.
3d clear, 1}, ub and 2 in.

Fang Sinch\clear.3";). ..asawess samen an siclgetie 32 00
Select) din: JAN + srshe sence baremmieneite cmap cw 32 00
SelectsB aicicccscuccrceve sie cries oie biar cele tetas sey OM
pb RES V1 Bp Se Ay si aecevesssens by v0ssens 26 00
7 ADOBE cis sous ds ceies leah dee aewee 26 00
Clear'and' Select 2x4. 03.2305 ccskwet- ees treeeere 28 00 |
2eG' and) 2x9.) ssenk da, cacceunee ceule rece 32 00

All one length $1 extra.
WAGGON-BOX STUFF.

Sin and) up, Anesy sucks spcab reese pike ak eines Oe $43 00
4-in. and up. B....... ain ois sistant iar are tic ie eee 37 00
T4-in, and psi Osi on sc amew'viowie ee eee ees veuseeeee 26 00

Diy ao. a's giotnina sivielc.s ceece cad pate peoeedss 17 00

All 14 feet $2 extra.
STOCK BOARDS.
AQ iny Ap? LONGLE,..d<0-00 a tina eeu deaee seere..207 00
ASM. Isso, seeeee cee Wisse vvsbaih vep bar's on sceeans 33 00
2 ls re eee ee ee ee nee oe 28 09
12'In. D, 25 1d end: TG fis. on ae cme obs-cc its. tech = 17 00
12 in. D, 18° ME... ae SS I ie 19 00
12 in., 20 ft..... = eke sieein su:iie|s adlein aiatevlc Wa euinmonee 20 00°
LO'D Anse aethnecar sect ee eee 35 00
LOAN Bitte cusiceveas ones cracker eter ne 30 00
LO ras Ge viene aia nea bewe ay alas 9.0 Oe ep ok baie Mores 24 00
COMMON BOARDS—ROUGH.
Dry

Common boards, 12 in........ Rabe asaves tke kes $15 00
10 and 20 ft.......... PET Ci te A ated weer 14 00
1S, 145,16 epi 1H fb. cn sembn0 xa Sate Kane cee 13 50
Calls, ‘all ‘lengthyciwe. cn ct. sec cnr atenee tame 11 50
1p and 14 com........005 Sa dele dh nese velo eeuwae 13 50

TIMBER AND DIMENSION—DRY.

$11 50

12, 14, 16 and 18 ft. JOIBG. vw nwapecasuewacles cuss 12 50

13 50

Ea AO PS Tee TR ed]

20 feet We ees ess 5 PAS OES cove 13 00

22 feet... ..ceccesrsescve od end veesGcee ot 16 00

24 feet...... #0 sivcn. nan 0590 00)0,0/00 bf cemeceu nbs ene 17 00

DE'TOBE. <i fascccnaent aeonicn save Mim cles Sih vee 20 00

DS abt: vA cesscwic! slelivuina Seng exten bene te nee anees 20 00

BO L606... 5s wep s o> oaine ape. vcxeues Uae eee coe 20 09

2 in. cull plank, all widths noms ee hembage® Ss UN bat 9 00
2x4 culls, all lengths............. ecbemcedues aie
2x6 culls, Bl) JONES in vas shennan sees ss “ARES =

SHINGLES—16-INCH—DRY—CAR LOTS.

CIGARS cis cw ag ans tsvun ns cc meannes Aamo n Meine $8 25

FOXES) Alsietsie vlnicnta s'caeiin ees eis loin dnteacema rect ecvenvecs 290

Standard A... .. st). astamnes seks ah ke waua eens 2 65

Cedar BInNIBS. < ok. on tek pe eaecae an $2 00@2 59

Ends of cars and less than car load lots, five cents per
thousand extra. The shingles handled in the Chicago
mazket are all 16-inch.

PICKETS—LATH.

Flat, select and clear, d. and h........seeeeee +. $21 00
Square, Vand! ps2.» <5 sac se om ee NanenIens ~ Dene 21 00
Fiat, rough, FOG). - oc vwiecisnvieauem iy baht awa 15 00
Flat, rough, common. 11 00
Dry lath..... Cece evn eeeerdeeae even Mets waWsculan 2 2

CEDAR POSTS AND POLES.

Sawed 4 of 64 in., 7 ft...........005 sabe one cinta’
Gr Si rae
a ye
a a
be Big iehd,
4 9,10, 1Land 12 in.
4in., round, full length....
Lhe LY ioe) cK cae
6 “oe “ee
1 ae SES A Siont yaueins op SREY WaGaR aes 22
8 oe J “ce
LO feet, per INCh, .viviccesvesccvevecn un WAN «miei .
‘
14 oe ae
1G ess pe TEA ebeaeNR es eNO $11 00@13 50
20“ MS shinny tls Gketh stuct seathaetbeaee 16 00
————————
Buffalo.
We quote cargo lots:
NUIBERSY a icUsiy cere eee sels seenseeeneessean OO@I0 00
‘Commons Sess Urvhate «mate ceee eee 16 00@19 00
OIG si, sie SG Nicenive thee Ce en's ant aien eae 11 00@12 00
Assorted lumber in car lots or boat loads:
Suppers Linch. oo. cece ccens weiss me viele 3 @40 00
Dow ~1dand Iyinch,. .-¢0-.. 0. ces 40 00@42 00
DO: GE MOR sien Oke ss ss ee wR eeeee 45 OO@47T 00
Do. 24, 3and 4 inch, special.
Pickings, DANGH Cs wche can << naeee eee ++ 28 00@30 00
Adand 1} inch..............05. 33 00@35 00
a 2, 3 and 4 inch, special.
Shelve ccc a chasseenk Waren CoE . 22 00@24 00

Sidings, common, 1inch......es++ +----. 16 5O

Common, StOCk@iot700 orbs ureuveaneow
Box, all thicknesses.......... sa dain

18 inch, clear butts.....
Lat.

freights on lumber from that point as

MACHINE, both in good i y stating owest
cash terms or particulars to x 1002, Peterborough

CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteer
foot head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough.

shingles, &c.

ation with a lumber firm. An

Terms, $1 per day.

by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals.
coffee at counter.

Toronto ; —_ sample rooms ; me

cording to room,

Cutting up....

oddest preccervensertceee De GO

“Tf inch and Ov€r....++e000++e0004 17 OO

18 inch, XXX shingles. ...0: <rs---esveen

SOO eee en wne

ee ee re

———_—____——__
Tonawanda.
CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION.

Oswego Railway Freights,
The Oswego Daily Times quotes railway

To Albany i. 4-.<-+ opeeceeteed
mM Mow NOK: . sehen nesctebene
MS POON: cca aceéewane =
“ Philadelphia

Advertisements,
For Sale.

OT 36, in the eleventh Concession of Anstruther.
d58-lm GEO)

RGE STETHEM.

Wanted.

A SECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER ; also s LA’ rE

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and COMPLETE

Reid & Co.,

WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS. Lumber, lati
Car lots to suit customers. Best Cull
in the market at from 26 to $7 per M.

Orrice oN Dock.—Esplande, foot of
Street, Toronto

Hardwood Timber Land

FOR SALE.
FOR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWOOD TIMBER

LAND near Nipissing Railway, Coboconk. Easy term
OSHAWA CABIN CO., Oshawa. b

Timber Limits for Sale.

SEVERAL MOST VALUABLE TIMBER LIMITS c
North Shore of Lake Huron.
For particulars apply to THOS. SHORTISS, Impe:
Bank Building, Toronto.

Situation Wanted.

A Book-keeper of first-class experience rn ae tu-

Shelbow

knowledge of the lumber trade more of an ‘ect ¢ b

the amount of salary. U; referen
as to character and ability.
b1l5 Apply to the Editor of Tas Cayapa LvMBErMay.

The Stewart House,

Headquarters of Lumbermen in in pheacita'o corner
of Hunter and Water Streets. accommod
Free "bus at ae
b15 T. CAVANAGH, Proprietor.

Allandale Junction Hotel

Travellers by Northern Railway 0) Soke a
SP and choi ive

tion

Fine brands of

Cigars. b17 E. S. , Proprietor.
Orillia House,

ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick ; best north o

b20 JOHN KELLY,

located
, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized bj
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-

free "bus.

St. Lawrence Hall,

PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior giao comforts—a we
kept table, equalling the best hotels in kage
large, well- eee "Steet, ne ;
ground flour. Walton Stree’

b26 MACKIE Proprietor.

St. Louis Hotel.

\
THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors. r
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for og Og
locality in Quebec, is open throughout

pleasure and business travel,

=

KH CANADA LUMBERMAN. ]

HEADQUARTERS FOR

LUNBERMENS SUPPLIES

SHANTY STOVES,
Shingle Bands, Tinware & Household Furnishings

In Large or Small Quantities, at Wholesale Rates.

6110

OTTON & BRO., Dunlop St., BARRIE, ONT.

Queen’s Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE.

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) having lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free ’bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

Hotel Ottawa,

No. 21 North Side King Square,

ST FTOHN, N. B.
E. COSMAN, PROPRIETOR.

b Terms $1.00 to $1.50 per day.

13

-Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Grayenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find “‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free "bus to and from trains and
steamboats. 2 b26

Dy Gree is hereby given that the time for receiving

tenders for the supply of 100,000 gallons of Petro-

leum Oil, and also for Steam Vessel for Lighthouse
Service, has been extended from the 5th MARCH to

| the 5th APRIL, next.

Full particulars as to quality of the Oil and the des-
cription of Vessel required can be obtained on applica-

) tion to the undersigned.

|

WM. SMITH,
Deputy of the Minister of Marine & Fisheries.
Department of Marine and Fisheries, }
Ottawa, 2ist February, 1881.

i) 1110

SEALED TENDERS, marked ‘‘ For Mounted Police
Provisions, Forage and Light supplies,” and addressed
to the Right Hon. the Minister of the Interior, Ottawa,
will be received up to noon on Saturday, 5th March.

Printed forms of Tender containing full information as
to the articles and quantities required, may be had on
application at the Department.

No»Tender will be received unless made on such
printed forms.

No payment will be made to Newspapers inserting
this advertisement without authority having been first
obtained.

J. S. DENNIS,

FRED WHITE, Deputy Minister
Comptroller. of the Interior.
-. Ottawa, January 28, 1881. b

NOTICE.

SEALED TENDERS addressed to the Superintendent
General of Indian Affairs, and endorsed ‘‘ Tender for
Indian Supplies,” will be received at this office up to
noonof Saturday, 26th February, 1881, for the delivery
of the usual Indian Supplies, dutv paid, at different

ints in Manitoba and the North-West Territories for
Somcar 1281-82—consisting of Flour, Bacon, Groceries,
Ammunition, Twine, Oxen, Cows, Bulls, Agricultural
Implements, Tools, Harness, &c.

‘orms of Tenders and full particulars relative to the
supplies required, can be had by applying to the under-
signed or to the Indian Superintendent, Winnipeg.

The lowest or any tender not necessarily accepted.

(No Newspaper to insert without special authority
from the Department through the Queen’s Printer.)

r L. VANKOUGHNET,
Deputy of the Superintendent
General of Indian Affairs.
rtment of the Indian Affairs,
wa, With Jan., 1341.

The time for receiving tenders for Indian Supplies is
extended to noon on Saturday, the 5th of March,
L. VANKOUGHNET,
Deputy of the Superintendent
General of Indian Affairs.
of Indian Affairs, |
, 14th February, 1281. § blo

White Oak and Ash

LUMBER WANTED.

ADDRESS

YATES AND STRATFORD,

b BRANTFORD.

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

15

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.
b26

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

FORWARDERS,
Shipping»General Agents
PORT HOPE.

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA.

JAS. A. GOUIN, - - PROPRIETOR,

Is the Favourite Resort of Leading Public
men of the Dominien attending the
annual Session of Parliament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Parlia
ment, Public Officials, as well as those having business
with the various Departments of the Government. It
is also the headquarters of those having dealings with
the princely Lumber Manufacturers in the Great Pine
Valley, of which Ottawa is the acknowledged centre.

THE RussEL HOUSE being central, almost abutting on
the magnificant PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL Bump-
1inc—the pride of the Country—is thus conveniently
situated for those visiting the City on public business.
But the location is also everything that could be desired
alike for the man of business and the man of pleasure.
A few minutes walk brings the guest of the Hotel with-
in reach, not only of all the principal business resorts,
but also of the most splendid Mountain and Valley
Scenery that can be seen anywhere, as also of the two
almost unrivalled Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau
—and of the extensive Manufacturing Establishments
and Depots of the leading Lumberman. But, besides
the beautiful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, in-
cludes the magnificant Ottawa and two of its grand
tributaries—the Rideau and Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar-
ently never-ending woods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be obtained
on the Continent.

Tur Russe. House affords excellent accommodation
for 300 guests ; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and
nothing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
fortably ‘‘at home.”

j-F Omnibusses meet the Arrival of
every Train and Boat. b26

PORVOO MN LON L.

rik
iff

!
onim we

ory

Newly and elegantly furnished throughout, Contains one hundred rooms, and under it the bew
management is first-class in all its appointments, at moderate rates.
Free omnibuses to and from all trains,
O. T. ATWOOD, of New York, and W. R. BINGHAM, of Bradford, Ont., Proprietore. b20

MACHINERY OILS!

LTO DEALERS & CONSUMERS.

pure ‘IQ 108g spenbgy

'SNIAZ1O MOOLS

Equals Castor Oil, and

TOCK OLEVINE,

arranted not to Gum,

ae

It will give the subscriber much pleasure to forward, post free, to any address, on application,
a pamphlet, containing instruction and information that have been found of the greatest practi-
cal use to dealers and consumers of machinery oilin Canada. It contains the fullest information
as to the different kinds of oils, their qualities and uses, thus enabling the consumer to make
choice of the very oil best adapted to his wants, and also enables the merchant toselect the kinds
moét likely to be in demand in his neighborhood. The pamphlet shows conclusively that oils
properly manufactured from petroleum, are vastly superior to any animal or vegetable oi). Lam
now making the same qualities of ‘‘ Extra” and “XX.” oils 1 manufactured from 1870 to 1873,
They are guaranteed not to thicken with extreme cold, and warranted to give satisfaction in every
particular, Beware of Agents soliciting your orders without my trade-marked order-book.

Address GEO. B. STOCK, P. 0. Box 1146, Toronto.

,UIN) OF JOU PoOJUBIAV AA

b12

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING COMP'Y

202 SPARKS STREET.

OTTAWA.

Manufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and
Military Encampments, with or without extra roofs, all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped,
mildew proof or plain. Prices from $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
Urkn +O ves made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP
Se ae BEDS (Sradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent-
ed; size when folded 2 x6 in.; 3 feet long, weighing
_Z only ll pounds, but strong enough to bear the
weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-
covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises.
f==Special rates to Lumbermen. Send for cata-
logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
202 Sparks Street, Ottawa

b27

12

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

M. BRENNEN,

MANUFACTURER AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Lumber, Lath and Shingles,
63, 65 and 67 King William Street,
HAMILTON, ONT

MILLS AND TIMBER LIMITS AT SILVER
CREEK, TIAGO P. 0., ONT.

Bill Stuft cut from 10 to 60 feet. Cedar
Posts on hand.

Orders sent to M. BRENNEN, Tiago, P. 0O., will
receive prompt attention bi5

W.H. STOREY & SON.,

ACTON, ONTARIO,
GLOVE MANUFACTURERS.

The best description of GLOVES and MITTS in every
variety of material and style manufactured by us.

b15

tn ”
STOREYS EUREKA
SPRING GLOVE FASTENER, PAT?

JOHN DOTY

Esplande Street, Toronto.

— —s—

—————
=

MANUFACTURER OF
MARINE ENGINES,
bl14 MARINE BOILERS,

Propeller Wheels and Steam Yachts

CHAS. M. LARSEN,

Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacquered and Enamelled
Woodwork, Turning and Carving in

WOOD, HORN AND IVORY.

Briilid AR D*BAnES

Turned and coloured a speciality.
aA MEERCHAUM and AMBER GOODS repaired in
first-class style. b17

774 King St. West, Toronto, Ont.

RUS STS : ah

The UNIVERSAL SUSPENDER.
SOME REASONS why they are the best; —

1st.—No Elastio requied.

2nd.—Is slack when stooping.

8rd.—It never slips off the shoulders.
4th.—Sold at prices of common suspenders,

Manufactured by 0. H. RAMAGE « 00.
20 Queen St, East, Toronto,

bl4

SAW GUIDE!

Self Oiling—Ready Adjusting.

Ni

Ame

i

mss iN

G. W. Rodebaugh’s patent Saw Guide will recommend
itself to every practical sawer. All that is required is
a trial.

No heating of Saws. No danger in setting. Trial
free of charge. f#2#The whole complete only $25.
Manufactured in Canada by

KERR BROS., Walkerville, Ont.

who may be applied to for further particulars; or
address :

G. W. RODEBAUGH & CoO.,

bi5 WINDSOR, ONT.

This cut is fac-simile of Package.

Te
EBRA

ED:

i y
AW Nh

i}

LOCO OOOCD

The greatest tribute to its extraordinary merits is,
that it was awarded First Prize and Diploma at
Toronto Exhibition, 1880,
Hamilton ss
London 3 y2
Montreal ss Wy
over all other yeasts.
TRY IT, AND BE CONVINCED.
Ask your Grocer for it, or send direct to the factory.

PEARL YEAST COMPANY, 89 Front Street, To-
ronto, Box 1264,

b15 | b12

We are Prepared to Supply

LUMBER

MERCHANTS

WITH

READY-MADE

CLOTHING

Se pa a Be i

FURNISHINGS

Blankets, &c.

In such Quantities as may be
required at CLOSE

Wholesale Prices

FOR. CASE.

PoTLEY & GUY.

GOLDEN GRIFFIN,

{28 to 132, King Street Hast,

TORONTO.

THE GENUINE SILVER-STREL,
Lance Tooth |

etn: i
; , rai

V Y VV_
It stands without a rival, and is the fastest cutting saw
in the world. It has beaten the best Canadian and
American made saws 334 per cent in every contest. Its
superiority consists of its excellent temper. It is tem-
pered under the secret Chemical Process, which
and refines the steel. It givesa finer and keener cutting
edge, and’will hold it twice as long as any other process.
We have the sole right for this process for the Dominion
of Canada.

None genuine that are not like the above cut, with
registered trade mark with the word “‘The Lance,” and
Maple Leaf with our name. Price $1 per foot.

CavuTiox.—Beware of Counterfeits. There are in-
ferior counterfeits on the market, which are intended
to be sold at a high price upon the reputation of this
saw. We will send to any address a saw exactly like
any counterfeit, warranted equal in quality or no sale,
at 60c. per foot. Therefore do not be humbugged into
paying a first-class price for a second-class saw. A
fact to bear in mind is that if the material and temper
are not of the very best quality the shape of the teeth
amounts nothing. A saw, like a knive, will not cut
fast without it will hold a keen, cutting We have
cut off a 14-inch sound basswood log in it seconds
with this saw. Manufactured only by

SHURLY & DIETRICH,

Manufacturers of Saws, Plastering Trowels, Straw
Knives, &. &e.

GALT, ONTARIO. b15

—)

: Irish Canadian Office.
Toronto, Feb. 2ist, 1881.
Mr. F. Crumpros,

Dear Sir,—The watch I purchas-
ed from you some time ago, has
given perfect satisfaction, and I
am much pleased with it, and can
M cordially recommend any
wer in need of a watch oranythingin §

R the jewelry line, to deal at your WJ
store. Yours very truly,

PATRICK BOYLE, ’
Proprietor Jrish Canadian })

Send for our new price list of
Watches, Diamonds, Sily
Jewellery, &c., sent Pp i |

sent C. O.

:

on application. G

\. D. to any partof Canada. We have

= aozens ot testimonials similar to
~

» the above, plainly show-
: ing that83 Ki East
is the place to buy your
goods.
F. CRUMPTON,
$3 King Street East,
TORONTO. 30

THE CANADA

Direct Action Portable’

Obtained 2 Medals and Diplomas at the Centennial,
Exposition, Philadelphia, 1876.

Dr. Anderson, the English Judge, reported it as
possessing, “/nordinate strength, great concentra- A
tion of fower, conventence of arrangem nt

Ml
|

and facility forvemoval.® — |
Hi
Aa)

1 ft
Hh
i
Sao RF) RN 0) ANNE ANY
—— =

NAb oo HI
iN Do

Se |

Saw Mills

anada
b14

WHITHS CANADA STANDARD

MANUFACTURED AT

)

The Canada Scale Works !

These Scales are Manufactured of the Very
Best Material, and warranted to give satisfac-
2 tion. Send for Prices and Testimonials.

JAMES C. WHITE & CO.

102 Adelaide St. Hast, Toronto

WITH THE TOMLINSON

(PATENT)

BARREL MACHINE

One man and two boys can turn out

One Hundred and Fifty First-class
Flour Barrels in Ten Hours,

made from veneered wood of two thicknesses. The
inside is one solid sheet of veneer running around the
barrel, making in reality one hoop from top to bottom,
and in the outside thickness the grain is reversed, run-
ning up and down, finished with five hoops two inches
wide, reversed again, making the barrel almost three
thicknesses, which gives the package superior strength,
tightness and durability over the ordinary hand-made
flour barrels, yet with all its many advantages cost less
than the old style of package. My barrel machine is
arranged to make all sized packages froma large barrel
down to small nail kegs, butter packages and cheese
boxes. Iam open to prove at any time the superior
strength of my barrel. That one willstand more hard-
ship by any actual test than one hundred of the old
ordinary flour barrels. County rights for sale, and all
information given by applying to

JAMES TOMLINSON, Patentee,

113 KING ST. EAST, TORONTO.

* S. R. WARREN & SON,
Church Organ Builders.

(serena and all information promptly furnished
Factory and Warerooms :
jorner Ontario and Wellesley Streets

r TORONTO, ONT.

big

om are particularly requested, in ordering, to | deformities.
this paper

KERR BROS.

PRACTICAL

FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS,

And MILLWRIGHTS.

Manufacturers of Marine and Horizontal
and Portable Engines, Boilers, Grain
Elevators and Steam Hoists, Saw and
Flour Mill Machinery,
with latest improvements, a specialty.

The Abel Edward’s Centennial Turbine
Water Wheel.

Rodebaugh’s Saw Frame, Mill Dogs and
Saw Guides.

Water-works, the latest and most
improved, made to Order,

Light and Heavy Brass and Iron Castings

Plans and Specifications on application.

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., Dec., 1880.

b15

(2 TRUSSES.

Zs) CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
SSS all attachments improved. No more
99) buckles, all on solid brass casting.
DY Book on ruptureand human frame free.
Send address in full post card. Best
true information about rupture and
CHAS. CLUTHE, Surgical sara
10

118} King St. west, Toronto,

LUMBERMAN.

13

FH. DIXON & CO.

PURE BARK TANNED

MANUFACTUKERS OF

LEATHER BELTING
a>

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition...... . Ottawa, 1875
First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .
First Prize, Provincial Exhibition
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition............
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition
International Medal, Centennial Ex,...... Philadelphia, 1576

Hamilton, 1876
London, 1877
-Tcronw, 1#7

Toronto, 1%

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.

81 Colborne Street, Toronto

To ENG!
Saw Millers, &c.

fay S: Bask

Hancock Inspiratory

Is undeniably the BEST BOILER FEEDERS
IN THE WORLD. Can be operated whil
the Engine is at rest. All sizes will lift
water Twenty-five Feet, at comparatively
high and low Temperatnre.

17,000 of them Now in Use !

Manufactured under license by

Stevens, Turner & Burns

LONDON, ONTARIO.
@e== Send for Circular and Price List.

G. B. MEADOWS,

MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN

Lumbermens Supplies,

Hotel and General House Furnishing Goods, Cooking Ranges and Stoves.

HOT AIR FURNACES, &e.

Wholesale Dealer in Tinware, Sheet, Copper & Brass Goods, Coal Oil and Lamp Goods.
gas-CONTRACTOR FOR BUILDERS’ JOB WORK.

DUNLOP STREET, Cor. Railway Square, BARRIE, ON I...

MATTHEW GUY,

MANUFACTURER OF

Carriages, Waggons, Buggies,

Se Ce, SEC

bl12

gee Jobbing and Repairing Punctually Attended to.

b13 103 and 105 Queen Street East, Toronto.

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

M. Covel's Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been nes into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW MILL MACHINERY!
STEAM FEED! fan ai ont eo 3a

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam &

Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber

Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
Feed, having put inseveral which are giving the best of sat- id
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials:— “Ul

mers, PowerGummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
Le mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
1. Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &e.

Horizontal Engines and Boilers

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, FsqQ., Peterborough.

DEAR SrIR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it is admitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put it into my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
= with uniformity of speed, such as Is required in Grist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. 1 feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel

I have them working at 2+ pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour, 110

WILLIAM HAMILTON - - PETERBOROUGH, ONT,
OCOLOTH ING Carriage & Waggon Works

No. 17, ALICE STREET, TORONTO. ;

TORONTO, August 11th, 1880.
Wm. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.

DEAR SIR—The Steam Keed you put in is working splen-
didly. Yours, &c,,

THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

LUMBERMEN J.P swuLol eee .

(Successor to the late JOHN WEBSTER)

Will Save Time and Money by going direct to the
MANUFACTURER

GOLDEN GRIFFIN ,""**:

CARRIAGES SS

In the latest style. Superior material used in all b anches. All work warranted for one year.

Men’s Tweed Suits ot fee K7 50 to $16 50 sa@-All Orders Promptly attended to. Special.Attention paid to Repairing. ;

Men’s Worsted Suits - - 7 50 to 21 50 pciminemieabiinincs= =
Men’s Overcoats - - - - 5 00 to 16 50 MUSKOKA DISTRICT.

a our Clothing Out ana Made on the Promee, =y set LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES. |
}

WHEN IN THE CITY TO PURCHASE THEIR CLOTHING.

class competent Workmen, and quite equal to Ordered Clothing

To meet the demands of the Lumbermen in this District, 1 have opened outa

NOTE THE ADDRESS: Wholesale Supply Depot at Bracebridge,

7 WHERE EVERYTHING IN THE SHAPE OF
P ET LEY & C O M Pp AN ¥<=@=Lumbermen’s Supplies and Furnishings@jw

OAN BE OBTAINED IN LARGE OR SMALL QUANTITIES, AT WHOLESALE RATES.

GOLD HN GRIF HTIN Outside quotations or Correspondence solicited.

128, 180 and 1382 King Street East, Toronto, Ont. wis A. ov ce HHRRERY.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 15

LUMBERMEN'S STATIONERY!

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber
Shanties and Offices at City prices.

Shanty Settlements Office? Letterheads
Shanty Orders Office Noteheads

Shanty Receipts Office Envelopes

Shanty Time Books Office Cards

Shanty Log Books Office Notes

Shanty Reports _ Office Drafts

Shanty Ledgers Office Orders

Shanty Cash Books Office Receipts

Shanty Drive Books Office Blank Books
Shanty Way Bills Office Ship Account Books

And everything necessary to a complete office outfit.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices.
Book-Binding of every Description wk up in a very Neat and Superior manner.
Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

_TOKER & CO,

“ THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”

PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

|
16 THE CANADA LURE ERSEAD |

ISAAC ANDERSON” S DOMINION BELT and HOSE COMPANY

JAMES D. McARTHUR - - - Manager.

Specialties : Specialties :

MANUFACTURERS OF

ANDERSON'S 3 YALYOLINE|/ Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting!
XS ( For Lubricating FIRE ENGINE HOSE, LACE, LEATHER, :
Be eK Steam Cylinders; OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, ETC., ETC.
eK ae — It leaves no STITCHED AND RIBBED BELTING MADE TO ORDER.

Deposit, and sa-Double Always in Stock. Send for Samples and Po

Preserves |?
the Metal.

These Oils are justly pronounced by Competent Judges

The Best Value in the Market!

A LARGE STOCK OF ALL KINDS OF

MACHINE OILS AT THE LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES.

CONSTANTLY ON HAND.

42 FRONT STREET EAST, TORONTO.

JOHN FISKEN & CO. ACENTS, ) ISAAC ANDERSON.

23 Scott Street, Toronto. ) bls

til}

ra h READY-MADE CLOTHING

arenas — = = Barger Cry This House stands at the head, having Be tage LE ~ oe aa aoe - over Forty Yea
a ‘ as as . and always gave satisfaction to custo OWN WOOLLEN
Ler! FROM EUROPE, and leenntaaede the © lothing ea thet peaates

GENTS’ ALL WOOL SUITS, $7.50, $9.00 and $12.00
TORONTO SCALE WORKS |” “satis aco anc

GENTS’ SHIRTS, ‘S, UNDERCLOTHING, TIES and GLOVES

C. WILSON & SON, Proprietors.
Oldest Scale Works in Canada. Established eo Years. R. WA B K E R & S O N S,

GOLDEN LION, KING STREET, TORONTO,

Hay Seales. Dormant Seales. Cheese Factory Seales. .
Coal Seales, Hopper Scales. Counter Seales. ‘
Cattle Seales. Platform Seales. Grocer Seales. The Cr owning Tr iumph olsthe Bell Or fall .
Tr epee Ba sigan cee Butcher Seales. | ths bau coment tay tte tier auetati then ft teal Orta oneal Coe al |
GNE-This Scales have received 29 FIRST PRIZES, MEDAL and ee ee
GOVERNOR GENERAL'S DIPLOMA. THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD I |
45 ESPLANADE STRAT, TORONTO
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SEMI-MONTHLY.

VOL. 1.

FORESTRY AND ARBORICULTURE.
BEING THE FOURTH CHAPTER OF THE REPORT OF
THE ONTARIO AGRICULTURIAL COMMISSION.

PUBLISHED \

In dealing with the large and very attractive
subject of fruit-growing, the Commissioners have
had occasion to use only the language of encour-
agement, but, in connection with the topic they
have now to discuss, they have to utter words
of warning, perhaps even to give expression to
some alarm, for, from the day that the first
pioneer settler entered Upper Canada until now,
a process destructive to our forest wealth has
been rashly, recklessly, wastefully, and it may
even be said wantonly, going on.

No one seems to have stopped to inquire into
the relations which, particularly in such a
climate, the trees of the forest bore to the opera-
tions of the husbandman, affected the rain and
snow fall, protected the crops, or served any
other purpose than to supply fence rails or
cordwood.

lf the farmer who entered the country fifty
or sixty years ago were told he might have
secured for himself at this moment, in timber
alone, an amount equal to the value of his farm
at the highest given price, and that he could
have obtained this without sensibly diminishing
the area under cultivation, he might be incre-
dulous. But there are, nevertheless, many
districts where such an assertion would hold
good, where a fortune which might have been
saved has been split up into snake fences or sent
whirling in clouds through the stove pipe.

Meantime, while men have toiled early and
late to shelter themselves and their families—
and let us hope their cattle too—in comfortable
buildings, and to provide the necessaries of life,
they have deprived the ‘‘ staff of life” of its
natural and necessary shelter, and seen, time
and again, perish before their very eyes, the
wheat and clover on which have depended much
of their prosperity.

Small blame, it is true, attaches to the pioneer
in 2 wooded country if he does cut and slash at
all obstructions somewhat ruthlessly. The early
settlers in Upper Canada often found them-
selves in circumstances almost desperate. They
had neither roads, nor markets for timber if
they preserved it, and, surrounded by what
seemed to them an illimitable extent of forest,
they naturally took small account of what
might be the state of things in the days of their
grandchildren or their great-grandchildren. But
it is surprising to see that, even with the bare
facts staring them in the face, our farmers who
are practically to-day the owners of the remain-
ing timbered lands of the Provinces in all the
settled districts, are in a condition of profound
lethargy or innocent unconsciousness of the
dangers they invite or the losses they incur.

Still there is time even yet on many farms in
not 4 few of the counties, for waste to be pre-
vented, danger averted, and money saved, if
men will only shake off the apathy they have

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

{ SUBSCRIPTION
($2.00 PER ANNUM.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., APRIL 1, 1881.

NO. 11.

hitherto exhibited, and see the true state of
affairs in the light of self-interest, not to say
self-preseryation.

How little idea of providing against the con-
tinued depletion of the forests many of them
have, was well illustrated by an incident that
occurred during one of the early sittings of the
Commissioners. The witness before the Com-
missioners was a gentleman enjoying beyond
most the confidence of his brother agriculturists
—an admirable specimen of an intelligent and
substantial yeoman. To the question, whether
anything had been done in this district in the
direction of replanting forest trees, he replied
in an almost surprised manne. :—

“We do not think that we have reached the
miserable condition which requires us to face
that difficulty yet- We have more bush than
there is in many parts of the West.”

But it happened that, just before, this same
gentleman had told the Commissioners, that his
crop of fall wheat had been saved from winter-
killing—by what?—by the accidental shelter
afforded it, not by his own, but by his neighbor's
bush. But for this—the merest chance—one of
the best farmers in Ontario would not in all
probability have had enough fall wheat to pay
for the harvesting. And yet he almost scorn-
fully repudiated the idea of planting a tree,

Nor is this all, Not only have the farmers of
Ontario destroyed property of fabulous value,
in the clearing process; not only have they
denuded their lands of necessary protection ;
not only have they dried up their streams, and
left dry ditches in many places to mark where
once existed a valuable water-power, but they
have been, and still are, going on very fast with
the destruction of their supply of fuel. Instances
have come within the observation of the Com-
missioners, where men who took up bush land
thirty years ago have so thriftlessly managed
their timber, that to-day they have used the
last stick and are actually buying cordwood.

But there is hope yet. Ontario is not the
only country that has had to face the situation
in this respect, and is to-day, thanks to her
prodigious forest wealth, better off than many.
If some choice woods are nearly exhausted.
many others of high marketable value still
remain. There are, in the settled counties of
Ontario, and altogether exclusive of free grant
territory, containing every variety of timber
used for economical purposes, forests as exten-
sive in area as some not unimportant European
principalities. The woods of Ontario consist
principally of the elm, oak, ash, hickory,
butternut, maple, beech, chestnut, poplar,
birch, cherry, basswood, hemlock, cedar, tama-
rack, cotton wood, ironwood, whitewood or
tulip tree, willow—where it has not been
wholly destroyed—the walnut ; and in addition
to this the pines, balsams and spruces, in great
variety. And all these have now a recognized
place in the markets of the world, It is not the

t

duty or purpose of the Commissioners to discuss | all, with the single exception of the California
the relations of the Government. to the lumber- | redwood.

men, or of the latter to the settler. They look
at this question solely as it affects the interests
of the agriculturist, and through him the coun-

|

try, and while, as may be pointed out, the |

cultivation of the pine and other coniferous
trees is to be encouraged on various grounds, it
is with the deciduous (generally known as hard-
wood) trees they are most largely concerned, so
far as relates to the question of timber supply or
cultivation.

It is proposed, therefore, now to notice :—

1. The management on cleared farms of the
bush, usually from five to twenty acres in
extent.

2. The economic uses of the several varieties
of timber.

3. The market value of various woods.

4. The age of trees maturing, and conditions
in which they are merchantable.

5. Tree planting including choice of trees,
methods, and cost.

| by preference, toward the approach of w
weather but before the sap starts, as at this

| for sending up a vigorous crop of young shoots.

6. The construction of wind-breaks or shelter |

belts in fields and orchards.
7. The planting of trees and shrubs for orna-

mental purposes.
—_@—_—_—

Coppices.

The subject of coppices, or the cultivation of |

young timber from the stumps of a former
growth, is discussed in Dr. F. B. Hough’s very
able report of 1877 to the United States Bureau
of Agriculture. Some of the information given
by Dr. Hough under this head will be of practi-
cal interest in the present connection. Dr.
Hough says :—

‘‘The coppice is a growth of timber of various
deciduous kinds, from the stumps of a former
growth, and is usually cut before maturity, at
intervals of from ten to forty years, according
to circumstances and the uses to which the pro-
duct is to be applied.

“This mode of cultivation is in great favor
for the growth of firewood, and the smaller
wood used in various industries, and is the
means by which tanning materials are often
produced from the oak, where reliance is neces-
sarily had upon this means for supplies.

“The coppice of short period produces hop-
poles, and the stakes and vine-props so much
used in vine-growing countries, and in many
parts of this country may be able to supply,
with but little care beyond protection, the
fencing material and other woods required for
farm purposes. It is destined to be in future of
great importance in the growing of poplars for
paper-making.

“The trees that sprout best from the stock
are the ashes, elms, oaks, poplars, cottonwoods,
willows, chestnut, linden, mountain ash, maples,
sycamore, birches, alders, and hazel. The beech
will reproduce but slightly, except in very
favourable conditions, and the conifers not at

| the practice to leave a certain number of ch

| from the stock.

‘Whatever may be the effect upon the dura-
bility of the timber by cutting at particulai
seasons, we have, in case of coppice growth, n
alternative choice, and must cut in winter, and,

time alone will the stumps be in best condition
The months of February, March, and first part
of April are generally best for this labor.

with the view of reproduction,
the stumps should be left low, and the tops
sloping and smooth, so as not to admit water. It
is sometimes the practice to dress off the stum
in a convex form with an adze, taking especial

“Tn cutting

coo)

| care not to separate the bark from the trunk.

It is along this line of union, between the wood
and the bark, that the young shoots start, and

| if separated they will not sprout.

ftoy

‘In the cutting of coppice woods it is often

trees of the more valuable kinds to grow t&

maturity, and thus acquire a much greater
relative value than if cut small. These reserves
may be kept through two or three periods oi
‘revolutions.’ They influence the young growth
by their cover. and shade, and when properly
distributed may be, on the whole, beneficial
rather than injurious to the future crop. They
should not cover more than a twentieth, or at
most a sixteenth, part of the whole surface. As
same stocks will be weakened by repeated cut-
ting, care should be taken to secure new roots
from time to time, and one means of doing this
is to bend down the tops of some of the sprouts
and bury them partly in the soil, by which
means new roots will in some species form, and
when fairly established they may be separated
Such sprouts should be held
down by hooked stakes, and the tops kept in
position by a piece of sod.”

It will be seen from the foregoing how im-
portant a source of wood supply. and of income
too in many cases, the gradual and judicious
removal of the larger trees, and the careful and
intelligent cultivation of a second growth may
become. Ifin clearing up land a strip or belt
of timber were left on the north and west sides
of every ten or twenty acre lot, and intelligently
handled in the way suggested, not only would a
very excellent wind-break be maintained, but
the farm would yield two crops annually in
place of one, with very little loss of space, and
with, probably, a gain rather than a loss in the
value of the grain crops.

—————
Preservation of Standing Timber on Farms.

The usual treatment of the standing timber
on a farm, unless cleared to be used as a grove,
or where it consists wholly of sugar maples, is
unscientific and wasteful to the last degree. Its
final disappearance is looked upon as inevitable,

+.
) Til

2

and the process of chopping and clearing mows
it down as surely and steadily if not quite so
rapidly as a reaper the field of grain. Now, in
most cases, by selection and good judgment,
the bush may be saved, and enough timber ‘for
all useful purposes still obtained. In a very
interesting and comprehensive letter to the
Commissioners, the Hon. George W. Allan, of
Toronto, alludes to this particular matter.

He says :—

‘« And here let me remark in passing, that, in
this country, where tree growth is so rapid, if
every farmer who has not been so recklessly im-
provident as to Jeave himself without a few
acres of bush on his farm, would only manage
his bit of woodland, be it twenty, fifteen, or
even ten acres only, carefully and systemati-
cally, it would keep him, and his children after
him, supplied with fuel, and to a great extent
with timber for fencing and repairs on the

farm.
“«T have known instances of pieces of wood-

land of from twenty to twenty-five acres in
extent, which have been thus systematically cut
now for twenty years and upwards; no tree
under a certain diameter was allowed to be
touched ; all the young growth of beech, oak,
maple, elm, ete., was carefully protected ; and
the result has been that these comparatively
small reserves have continued to furnish, under
the same management, sufficient firewood for
the wants of their owners, as well as much
useful material for repairing fence, gates, and
out-buildings.

‘On many farms in Ontario, however, not an
acre of wood is now left, and on many more,
the small reserves are rapidly dwindling away,
so that planting would seem to be the only
means of providing—at least in country districts
—a supply of firewood for the future, unless our
farmers are to burn coal, and become dependent
in a great measure for their fuel on a foreign
country.”

By selecting (1) such trees as are in demand
for mechanical purposes, and (2) those of an
inferior class, for fuel ; carefully cleaning up all
mere rubbish, and encouraging the develop-
ment of seedlings and second growth by judici-
ous thinning, the timber crop will be literally
perennial. Where too, it is necessary to clear,
belts, or clumps of second growth, may be pro-
fitably left to form shelter belts in the first
instance, and timber-yielding plantations in due
course. In the course of his address to the
Commissioners, Prof Buckland mentioned a
little incident within his experience, bearing on
the last suggestion. He said :—

‘*“The question of raising trees from second
growth isa practical one, and I am aware of at
least one instance in which the plan was success-
ful. About thirty years ago I was staying a
few days with a farmer in Prince Edward
County, who was clearing up eight or ten acres
of bush and burning it. Three or four acres
were covered with second growth maple, and I
persuaded him to leave that for the purposes of
a sugar bush. He did so, and now it is one of
the most beautiful little sugar bushes you can
find in Ontario. This, of course, could only be
done where the maple is the predominant

wood,”
Sosy satanannasSessestaneeeeneseeeeepee

Puget Sound Fir-Trees.

The fir-tree growths of Puget Sound form one
of the wonders of the American world. They
average 200 feet in height, and some specimens
have been cut that measured 320 feet in length
and twelve feet in diameter at the base, with a
straight and well-proportioned log length of
ninety feet to the first limb. The cedar trees
are in like proportion and are most valuable for
wooden wares of all kinds, while the firs are the
best for spar and ship timber yet found in any
country. There are few nations that do not use
them in ship-building. One fourth the wealth
of San Francisco was culled from the firs of
Puget Sound while the Government slept, and
to-day all the principal steam mill owners who
saw and prepare for market from 100 to 200,000
feet a day to each mill—and there are thirty or
more mills—are residents of San Francisco,
where they invest their profits, to the great
injury of residents of the Sound. There is,
apparently, no exhaustion of the timber, and a
century will possibly elapse before Puget Sound
forests will be cleared of their immense resources
of varied tree growths,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

ONTARIO WOODLANDS.

THE UNCLEARED LANDS IN THE OLDER PARTS OF
ONTARIO, z

Among other informafion placed before the

public for the first time by the report of the

Agricultural Commission is a mass of statistics

relating to the state of the land in every town-
ship in the Province. From these figures we
are able to learn exactly how far the work of
deforesting the country has actually gone, and
how much further it is likely to proceed before
a stable ratio between the cleared and forest
land is reached. We have compiled, from the
digest by counties of the township reports, a
table showing the total area of each country
and the area of cleared land therein, and have
calculated the percentage of land which is still
under forest. Bearing in mind the frequent
outery about the destruction of our woodlands,
it may be anticipated that the first thing to
strike the reader will be the great number of
acres still uncleared. even in such old and
densely settled countries as those of York and
Middlesex. ,

ACREAGE OF ONTARIO COUNTILS, NUMBER OF CLEARED

ACRES, AND PERCENTAGE OF UNCLEARED LANDS,

Total Acreage Per cent.
Acreage. Cleared. Uncleared.
ETaTIG atiathanaeiiene 223,215 170,311 24
BSEUCRielaretatrna emer 760,836 331,896 57
Carleton, not in-

cluding Marl- ,

DORON iiealsaleteune 505,815 218,393 59
Durham :..... . 866,386 248,153 32
Northumberland. 442,392 291,450 34
Lamon Gabor 441,896 237,421 46
FBGGKia sicteriate oud « 422,646 147,019 66
Frontenac....... 662,312 199,024 70
GYCY sic cine! ne mele 1,171,350 562,004 52
Haldimand...... 279,596 183,418 33
Haliburton...... not known 23,418
LG GONteleisielatelsiels 223,930 164,075 27
Hastings........ 885,411 890,943 58
Ve hile) tegeeiniomdtod: 795,829 440,338 45
Kent, excluding

Camden....... 533,063 217,964 60
Lambton........ 665,902 216,944 66
Lanark, exclud-

ing Elmslie.... 600,764 222,782 64
Leeds and Gren-

ville...... . 741,451 443,796 40
Lennox.... .. 361,006 172,039 52
Addington. x-

cluding Effing-

ham 321,000 10,305 97
Lincoln.. 191,459 133,045 81
Middlesex 753,692 478,479 37
Norfolk 389,418 203,769 48
Ontario 480,030 269,147 45
Oxford 470,376 315,587 33
1) PMG OPDOODOUG 289, 204 232,887 20
Rerthh bean 518,007 278,152 47
Peterborough, ex-

cluding Bur-

ele nintireiancs 476,334 259,334 46
Prescott......... 288,848 95,887 66
Prince Edward.. 229,772 167,924 27
Renfrew......... 685,404 204,836 79
Simcoe, including

part of Mus-

KOK Ge cttere creas 1,320,327 469,565 65
IDEA soane 237,498 120,731 49
Stormont..... .. 251,909 115,474 55
Glengarry....... 287,445 133,089 53
Victoria, exclud-

ing Laxton,

Digby, and

Longford...... 772,590 236,766 70
Waterloo........ 305,250 220,517 28
Welland......... 228,946 141,418 38
Wellington, ex-

cluding Nichol

and East Gara-

FFARA ass diet 778,250 439,894 48
Wentworth ..... 272,190 197,586 27
WORReeniers terre 540,271 392,513 28

Tt will be observed that in only two’ counties
—Peel and Brant—is there less than 26 per cent
of the land still in forest. Of counties still
possessing more than a quarter and less than
a third of bush land there are nine—Durham,
Haldimand, Halton, Lincoln, Oxford, Prince
Edward, Waterloo, Wentworth, and York. In
twelve counties the bush land is more than one-
third and less than one-half of the total area,
namely, in Northumberland, Elgin, Huron,
Leeds and Grenville, Middlesex, Norfolk,
Ontario, Perth, Peterborough, Dundas, Wel-
land, and Wellington. The following counties
have more than a half and less than three-
quarters of their lands still in forest :—Bruce,
Carleton, Essex, Frontenac, Grey, Hastings,
Kent, Lambton, Lanark, Lennox, Prescott,
Stormont, Glengarry, Victoria. And the fol-
lowing have more than three-quarters of their
forests still standing :—Addington, Renfrew.

We have some recollection that a French
Commission on forestry reported, after a careful
investigation, that one-sixth of the whole face
of the country shall be clothed in forests in
order to secure favorable conditions for agricul-
ture. Bearing on the same point we may
mention the fact that any farmer of a hundred
acres of good land in Ontario who has ten acres
in bush considers that an ample allowance,

According to this, none of our counties have as
yet approached alarmingly near the point of
danger, and it is to be hoped that in those
counties which are nearest exhaustion, the
reckless waste of the early days will not be
practised hereafter. The trouble with our
farmers is that the forests which are still stand-
ing are not by any means evenly distributed.
There are hundreds of farms so stripped of wood
that the owners haye to purchase fuel. The
condition of these farms ought to be, and prob-
ably will be, a sufficiently impressive example
to deter the owners of woodlands from further
lavishing of their resources.—Globe.

THE INDUSTRIAL CONDITION OF CANADA.
A couple of years ago our Canadian neighbors,
tired of the industrial stagnation, adopted a pro-
tective tariff in the hope of developing home
industries. A return to a free policy is strenu-
ously insisted upon by many Canadians, whose
idea of national economy never rises above the
sophistry of ‘‘ buying in the cheapest market.”

In an argument for the policy now under
trial the Industrial World of Montreal describes
a very hopeful state of things ‘as~its first fruits,
and points out the obvious conditions of the new
prosperity :—

‘Suppose, for instance, a factory is opened
in Montreal, giving employmapt to 1,000 hands,
what does this mean? One thousand factory
employees will represent a population of at least
2,500. What would the closing of this factory
and consequent expiration of these craftsmen
mean? A loss of 1,000 to 2,500? Much more.
These artisans require boots, shoes hats, caps,
meat, bread, roots, vegetables, medicine, cloth-
ing, houses, wood, etc., almost ad infinitum, and
likewise each of the new or additional indus-
tries which they inaugurate to add to in all its
various forms, require the same things. So that
each thousand artisans probably” adds, in one
way or other, 5,000 additional to the population.
Have our free trade friends ever considered
this’ What emptied one-fifth of the houses of
Montreal under the late regime? The closing
of the factories. What studed the growth of
the city during that dark era? The impedi-
ments which the tariff raised to the establish-
ment Of new industries and the development of
diversified labor, All the artisans employed in
the factories of the metropolis wanted homes.
It required carpenters, joiners, bricklayers,
painters, plasters, roffers, glaziers, workingmen
of all kinds to erect these houses. It required
vast quantities of agricultural produce to fill the
stomachs of the various craftsmen which the
tariff furnished with a purchasing power. And
although to-day the same clouds float over us,
the same sun, moon, and stars light the heavens
by day and night, in the language of Webster,
How altered ! and how changed ! Of 2,000 notes
falling due on the 3rd of February in the Bank
of Montreal, not one was protested!! Among
the thousands of vacant houses in Montreal in
78, not an empty place is to be found, and the
demand is for hundreds more. The market is
flooded with money for investment. Canada
fours are worth more than Canada sixes were
formerly. Our alms houses, except for the old
and infirm, are empty, and the soup kitchen is
now a matter of history. The railways are un-
able to carry the freight offered to them, and
the demand for increased accommodation is met
by the employment of thousands of able hands,
working night and day to meet the public
wants! Never was there an era promising
greater prosperity for Canada. Bank stocks
have appreciated 374 per cent, and all securities
have become correspondingly improved in value,
and the prospect of a £5,000,000 surplus for the
financial year ending July Ist stares us in the
face to terrify us into a free trade policy! If it
is a bad policy to swamp horses while crossing
the stream, we think it would be rather impru-
dent to risk a change from prosperity, under
protection, to one of promised increased (?) ag-
grandizement under free trade.” —Scientific Am-
erican.

Effects of Advertising.

Mr. Alsop, of the Steam Cabinet Works.
Broadmead, Bristol, has just executed a fur-
nishing order for South Africa. The sender
admitted that he had only heard of Mr, Alsop
through the columns of an English newspaper,

SUPERIOR QUALITY OF SAW LOGS. —
A “Traveller” writes to the Pembrooke
Observer as follows :—
“In passing round by the Schyan the other
day I could not help remarking the quantity
and quality of saw logs manufactured by the
Messrs. Bronson & Weston on that stream, and
néver was I more surprised than when obsery-
ing those logs which are large and of the very
best quality, being of the finest yellow pine. As
a great many of them are taken out by jobbers
and culled on the river, it is a good sign to see
so little red chalk, which indicates culls, and
deals out destruction to the jobbers. I opine it
did not cost the company much this year for
crayons. The reason my attention was more
particularly drawn to these logs was that the
limits from which they were taken belonged to
the late John Egan. After his death their
working was carried on by trustees, they were
pronounced by the agent to be of little value,
and were sold by public sale and knocked down
to the company for a mere trifle. Alas for
men’s judgment in these days. I have been in-
formed that the Messrs. Bronson & Weston will
have about one hundred thousand logs taken
from their Schyan limits this winter, part of
which will go down by Black River. I did not
see all their logs but was told they were all cf
Alclass. I can safely say the Schyan river
will produce more first-class logs in proportion
to quantity than any tributary of the Ottawa.
I must not forget in passing, that Mr. Richard
Fraser, of Pembroke, has a few thousand logs
near the mouth of the Schyan which are well
worthy the attention of intending purchasers,
as I understand they are for sale, they are a
fair average and good quality. On my arriving
at the mouth of Schyan I could not help taking
notice of the improvement being made on Capt.
Thibeaudeau’s screw steamer, the Walter B. He
| is getting her renovated and enlarging the first
and second deck. This will have ample room
to accommodate the travelling public the ensuing
summer and autumn. There is an appearance
of prosperity over all parts of this section. I
see Wm. Leroy’s wharf is well filled with wood,
I believe for the use of the Union Forwarding
Company’s steamers ; it looks encouraging to
see all these preparations making for the next
summer’s business. With a railroad running
along side, it is surprising to see all the teams
that are drawing up loading for the Upper
Ottawa. I could not help thinking there must
be something wrong. Do they charge too much
for freight on the Canada Central? All the
better for the farmers and hotel-keepers along
| the road.” ;

THE EASTERN TOWNSHIPS.

Lumbering interests in the Eastern Town-
ships of Quebec .are this winter very brisk.
Especially is this the case along the line of the
South Eastern R.R., which, with its several
branch lines, has done much to open up sections
of the country containing large quantities of
spruce and hemlock standing timber, which
have heretofore been unavailable. A Montreal
correspondent who has just spent several days
in the township of Roxton, reports lumbering
operations in that vicinity as being very actively
prosecuted. There are large tracts of land there
covered with hemlock, which has heretofore
been cut solely for the sake of the bark for tan-
ning purposes. Thousands of trees lay rotting
in the bush, but since the completion of the
railway between Sutton Junction and Sorel,
which affords direct access to the American
market, all the available timber lands have been
bought up. Messrs. Prouty & Miller, a con-
siderable lumbering firm, of Newport, Vermont,
have built a fine mill at Roxten Falls; Mess.
Cosgrain & Lee, who hold some 4,000 acres of
timber land, expect to get their new steam mill
running in a week or so, and have already sold
all their cut hemlock to a North Troy, N.Y.,
concern. Three or four other mills are in course
of erection in the same neighborhood, and the
general business activity prevailing is in marked
contrast with the state of affairs which existed a
few years back, when railway facilities were
wanting.—Monetary Times.

A PROMINENT lumberman in Burlington has
had his coat of arms painted on the panels of
his carriage with the Latin motto “ Vidi,”
' which by interpretation is ‘I saw.”

THE FUEL OF THE FUTURE.
THE DISCOVERY AGAIN CLAIMED—WHAT IS SAID
ABOUT ATOMIZED PETROLEUM AND SUPER-
HEATED STEAM.

Reports current among engineers and otl-ers
interested for some months past were only the
prelude to disclosures which must excite the
industrial world. The main fact is the produc-
tion of a new fuel, from the combination of
petroleum and steam, from which intense heat
is instantly generated, under perfect control,
and at an expense so insignificant, compared
with coal, as to promise results of an import-
ance not easily exaggerated. This is the con-
-viction of all present to-day who witnessed its
practical operation at the smelting works of G.
D. Mackey, in Grand street, Jersey City, where
he has had liquid fuel in use for a considerable
time, but meanwhile avoiding observation. The
explanation of the methods and principles was
volunteered by Colonel John C. Rose, of the
Pennsylvania Railroad Company. But the
simplicity of the arrangement was not the least
remarkable of the whole. To produce combus-
tion, nothing more is necessary than

BY MEANS OF AN ATOMIZER

to unite dry steam and crude petroleum, only a
common inch pipe being used for this purpose,
one for steam, the other for oil, with cocks to
rezulate the flow. The junction is made within
six inches of a perforated brick retort, which
_the nozzle enters, and instantly, on a match
being applied, the whole interior of the furnace
(an ordinary reverberatory smelting furnace)
becomes intensely heated, so much so that all
the exposed surfaces may be easily fused. If
applied to a steam boiler, on a locomotive, or on
shipboard, it is only necessary to place the re-
torts, made of fire clay, on the grate bars, thus
protecting the boiler plates from injury. Said
Colonel Rose: ‘*‘ We can now run a locomotive
from New York to Phiiadelphia for four dollars
instead of an expense of some $25, as at present,
with coal.” More than this, the fuel creates no
gas, smoke, ashes or cinders—in corroboration
of which statement the spectators were asked to
observe the interior of the furnace and the open-
ing of the flue above the roof. Mr. Mackey re-
minded the spectators of what liquid fuel might
do for the elevated railways, and of the revolu-,
tion to be affected in steam navigation. Said
he: ‘‘We have the system in perfect working
in a boiler at the Jersey City water-works in
Belleville, and have demonstrated more than
what we have said to be true.” ‘‘Why,” said he,
“‘we have only to make a retort full of holes,
where the gas is generated, and placing it on
the grate bars of any furnance nothing else is
required but to turn on the steam and oil, or as
for that matter, coal tar or the refuse of an oil
efinery will do just as well, and one fireman
can tend to a dozen furnaces just as easy as one,
for all he has to dois to keep up steam.” He
affirmed that the new motive power could be
used at
ONE-EIGHTH THE COST OF COAL.

Indeed, the cost was so trifling for ordinary
purposes as to be too small for easy calculation.
The gentlemen present engaged in a general
conversation, expresssing themselves in refer-
ence to the great changes to take place in run-
ning engines and machinery, all seeming to be
firm in the faith that great results are in the
immediate future.

Mr. McCrae, superintendent of the motive
power on the Pennsylvania railroad, said im-
mediately: ‘This is just the thmg we want and
have been long trying for.” The only difficulty
heretofore has been in the combustion—in the
mode of applying the fuel. On the New Jersey
Midland railroad, not long ago, they thought
they had the right thing beyond a doubt, and
went so far as to organize a company, with $2,-
000,000, to apply it, but the plan did not work.
Several of the steamship lines, too, have tried
it, with no better successs, The atomizing pro-
cess, however, with super-heated steam in com-
bination, is accepted as the true solution of the
difficulty. It is observed that the dryer the
steam the greater is the power, and so the pre-
sent purpose is to turn the pipes supplying
steam directly through the furnace, so that the
combination with the oil shall take place after
the steam has been heated to the highest degree
attainable. As yet the mechanicism employed

THE CANADA

is of a very crude character, but is susceptible

of a perfection which shall set at rest all ques-

tions concerning the feasibility of a practical

application.—WV. Y. Commercial Advertiser.
THE CHICAGO LUMBER TRADE.

At the recent meeting of the lumber dealers
of Chicago, B. L. Anderson gave the following
resume of the lumber trade of that city during
the past 20 years, with some sensible deductions
therefrom :—

“Tumbermen of 1881, what is our duty at
this time? To rightly understand and appreci-
ate the true condition of our trade. To do this,
facts must be ascertained, and after we have
made the correct deductions therefrom, it is our
duty to outline and follow the policy that shall
most surely remunerate us for the investment of
our time and capital. Facts and figures, I am
aware, are rather dry food so soon after lunch ;
but it is for our present and prospective good to
look at a few of them. From 1861 to 1865 the
average receipts were 425,000,000 feet, and the
average stocks on hand Jan, 1, 86,000,000; from
66 to ’70, the average receipts were 931,000,000,
and the stocks 215,000,000 : from ’71 to 75, the
receipts averaged 1,110,000,000, and the stocks
306,000,000, and from 1876 to 1880, the receipts
were 1,263,000,000, and the stocks 394,000,000.
In 1860, the total receipts were 262,000,000 feet,
and the stock on hand Jan, 1, 1861, 364 per
cent., or 94,000,000 feet; in ’65 the receipts
were 647,000,000, and the stock on hand Jan, 1,
°66, 137,000,000, or 214 per cent.; in 1870, the
receipts were 1,018,000,000, and the stock at the
end of the year, 298,000,000, being 34 per cent.
of the receipts ; in 1875 the receipts were 1,147,-
000,000, the stock 352,000,000, and the percent-
age 305 ; and in 1880, the receipts were 1,564,-
000,000, the stock at the close 497,000,000, and
the percentage 32. Prior to 1876, there were no
monthly accounts taken of the stock in the
yards, and I cannot, therefore, show the aver-
age percentage during the year, before that
time. In 1876, however, we find that, with
receipts aggregating 1,039,000,000 feet, the
average stocks, as shown by the inventories
taken on the first of each month, were 303,000, -
000, or 30 per cent., while the stock on hand
Jan. 1, was 352,000,000, or 33% per cent. of the
receipts ; in 77 the receipts were 1,065,000,000,
the average monthly stocks 305,000,000, or 30
per cent., and the stock Jan. 1, 369,000,000 or
344 per cent.; in 78, the receipts were 1,180,-
000,000, the monthly stocks 333,000,000, or 283
per cent., and the amount on hand Jan. 1, 385,-
000,000, or 325 per cent. of the receipts ; in ’79,
the receipts were 1,468,000,000, the average
stocks 407,000,000, or 27? per cent., and the 1st
of January stock 410,000,000, or 28 per cent.,
and in 1880, with receipts of 1,564,000,000, the
monthly average of stock was 404,000,000, or 25
per cent., and the amount on hand Jan. 1, 451,-
000,000, or 283 per cent. of the total received.

‘To appreciate correctly these figures, there
is one very important element to be borne in
mind ; namely, that previous to 1876 consider-
ably more than 50 per cent. of our receipts
were shipped green from our yards and railroad
docks, whilst now, 25 per cent. of green ship-
ments would be a very liberal amount to esti-
mate. My own opinion, however, is that from
15 to 20 per cent. of green shipments is more
nearly the correct amount, which fact, of itself,
necessitates a largely increased stock of dry
lumber, over and above what the yards have
carried hitherto. Hence, in view of the receipts
of 1880 being 1,564,000,000, I estimate that we
ought to have had on hand on Jan. 1, a stock of
not less than 600,000,000, taking into considera-
tion the largely increased demand of 1880 and
the prospective demand for 1881,; instead of
which, all we had on hand Jan. 1 was 497,000,-
000—fully 20 per cent. less than we ought to
have had. Hence arises the unwisdom of any
alarm about the stock on hand being excessive.

“The fact is, if we want to hold the trade we
have acquired, and increase it, we must of
necessity have a largely increased stock of dry
lumber all the time on hand for shipping to
points where we come into direct competition
for the trade of those points. Which of these
policies we shall pursue will determine whether
we are as wise in our day and generation as our
worthy predecessors were in theirs.”—Lumber-
man’s Gazette.

LUMBERMAN.

LOSSES BY FOREST FIRES.

We some time ago stated that the Superin-
tendent of the Census had placed all that relates
to Forestry, insluding lumbering, and whatever
concerns forestry as a source of national wealth,
in the hands of Prof. C. 8. Sargent, of the Ar-
nold Arboertum of Harvard University. How
thorough his investigations would be, those who
know him need not be told.
we may say that his own journeys to the Rocky
Mountains and to the Pacific, as far as the
forests of Washington territory, his employing
of local agents, and the sending of experts to
important localities, have been but a part of his
labors. To show how every ramification of
the subject is provided for, we may refer to
the circulars sent out to collect information as
to forest fires. We often see articles in the
journals lamenting the destruction of our forests
by the demand for railroad ties and fuel; the
wanton waste in clearing for farms, and the
rapid destruction by lumbermen, It is believed,
by those best able to judge, that the destruction
of our forests by fires, is greater than from all
other causes together. It is also known that
such fires are annually increasing in number.
It is believed that these fires are mainly due
from avoidable causes, and that proper legisla-
tion is needed to prevent this useless waste of
national wealth. For proper measures of preven
tion to be taken, it is an important point to
know just the extent of the evil, and this it is
proposed to learn by means of the Tenth Census.
Prof. Sargent has prepared a circular to be ad-
dressed to the town officers in all parts of the
country where forest fires may occur. This
blank form, which can be readily filled, asks for
the number of acres, or square miles of forests
destroyed by fire in 1880, the value of the pro-
perty thus destroyed ; causes generally produ-
cing such fires, and any suggestions relating to
the general subject of forest fires and how they
may be prevented or diminished.—American
Agriculturist.

FOREST PRESERVATION.

The Brantford Telegram says that much has
been written lately in reference to the preserva-
tion of our forests, but still the reckless waste of
fire and axe goes on. Notwithstanding the
statutory laws for the prevention of forest fires,
there is no effectual check to prevent our valu-
able forests from being willfully or aceidentally
swept away by fire during the dry summer
months. The Orillia Packet, referring to the
subject, calls attention to the scarcity of fire-
wood in some of the older settled townships,
which, heavily wooded a few years ago,
now, with the exception of their hilly condition
and line fences, look like prairiee, Farmers
within the radius of twenty miles from cities
and large towns are commencing to burn coal,
so that the question of fuel supply is a serious
one, and will have to be faced within a few
years. But apart from this the absence of
forests will produce a deleterious effect upon our
climate—creating, as the experience of other
countries shows, atmospheric changes, anything
but beneficial either to the crops or conducive
to the comforts of living. We should see to it
that at least our tracts of woodlands, which re-
present thousands of dollars, are not merci-
lessly left to the incendiary or criminally care-
less sportsman, but that Forest Rangers be
appointed to take charge of our back forests and
other non-resident wooded lands, and see to it
that in case of fire the flames will not be allow-
ed to devastate, without opposition, vast tracts
of country, leaving nothing but a ruined waste.
Probably the best plan would be for the Local
and Dominion Governments to appoint a joint
commission to investigate the subject, and sub-
mit proper regulations on Forestry in general.

Got Up in the Very Best Style of the Art.
We have to thank the publishers, Messrs.
Toker & Co., of the Peterborough REvixrw, for
a specimen number of THE CANADA LUMBER-
MAN, hitherto published at Toronto, by Mr.
Alex. Begg. It is got up in the very best style
of the art, and speaks most favorably for the
enterprise of its new proprietors. Published
semi-monthly, at $2a year; 16 pages. The only
work of its kind published in the Dominion. In
our next we purpose giving extracts from its
“Introductory ” articles, which will more fully
explain its mission.—Willbrook Messenger.

In a general way |

| Lake Superior,

9
J
TIMBER RESOURCES.
The forestry division of the Department of
Agriculture, national Government, has been

engaged in attempting to ascertain the timber
resources of the country, in connection with thé
tenth United States census.
States of Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota,

pm iae® =a
The work in the

has been under the supervision of H. C. Put
man, of Kau Claire, Wis., whose researches

far progressed that an approximate esti-

have so
mate of the amount of standing pine in the three
States has been reached. From what we learn
of the method pursued in obtaining the figures
it is judged that the result will be a nearer ap-
proach to a knowledge of the actual timbe:
resources of the country than hase ever before
been obtained. To be sure, there has been a
reliance upon estimates, but they have ‘been
more closely scanned and compared and have
gone more into particulars. The results secured
in the three States named are these :

Minnesota will be credited in the census re-
ports with containing 6,150,000,000 feet of
standing pine, distributed as follows: Rainy
Lake and tributaries, 350,000,000; Red River
and tributaries, 600,000,000; St. Louis and
Cloquet rivers, 1,500,000,000; Mississippi and
tributaries, 2,900,009,000 ; North Shore of Lake
Superior, 800,000,000.

The State of Wisconsin is credited with 40,-
500,000,000 feet, in districts as

follows: St. 1 south

distributed
Croix river ar shore of
6,000,000,009; Cl
tributaries, 12,500,000,000 ; Wiscor
tributaries, 11,000,000,009 ; Lake Su;
trict east of range 11, 2,000,000,000 ; east of t

Wisconsin river, 9,000,000,000,
Michigan is credited with having 35,000,000,-

000 feet of standing pine—6,000,000,000 in the
upper peninsula and 29,000,000,000 in the lower
peninsula.

The aggregate in the three States is 81,650,-
000,000 feet.

This is much less than the amount of pine
supposed to be standing in these States, but
there is no means of ascertaining whether the
figures given include only the bodies of pine
which in the present condition of lumbering
operations are regarded as profitable to lumber,
omitting lands which have been culled but
which still contain a cansiderable amount of
pine which will eventually be cut, when the
decadence of timber shall sufficiently advance
the price of lumber.

There is quite a probability that there will be
a goodly quantity of pine cut in the three States
after the reports show the 81,650,000,000 feet of
the census bureau’s finding have been manufac-
tured, which will be in about 11 years at the
present rate of cutting.

At the present rate of cutting the pine in
Michigan will last 10 years, if the figures above
given are proper representatives of the amount
now standing.—Lumberman’s Gazette.

Important Function to Fulfil.

THE Canapa LUMBERMAN.—We have received
from Messrs. Toker & Co., Peterborough, a
copy of this semi-monthly published by them.
It is a sixteen page quarto, and its typographical
appearance and make-up are exceedingly neat,
such as one would expect the REVIEW establish-
ment to turn out. The prospectus announces
that the LumMBERMAN will be a “ purely trade
organ and entirely non-political.” ‘‘All infor-
mation of value to the trade at large will be
diligently collected and matters of interest to
them will be discussed and advocated.” And
judging by the number before us this promise
will be faithfully carried out. This journal as
the guardian of one of the most extensive in-
terests of the Dominion has a most important
function to fulfil and the promise of the initial
numbers is a good indication that this importa
duty will not suffer at the hands of THE CanaD
LUMBERMAN. The single number before us ap-
pears for its varied and interesting contents to
be worth the price of subscription ($2.00) for a
year to anyone to whosc interests they appertain
We give it our best wishes for success.—
Napanee Standard.

THERE are now six European countries whic
refuse to allow the importation of pork from
the United States, viz.: Russia, Italy, Spain
Portugal, Greece and France.

he ee

:

Chips.

In Chicago 3,411 men find employment in the
lumber yards, and 2,761 men and 265 boys in
the planing-mills.

During January and February, 9,597,043
feet of lumber were exported from New York,
the West Indies taking fully half of it.

A corp of second-growth, dry oak wood, by
actual test, weighs, 2,948 pounds, and a load of
green, of the same kind, 4,820 pounds.

Ir is said that it will crowd jhe mills of
Orange and Beaumont, Texas, to fully meet the
demands even of the railroads this year.

THe Muskoka Herald says: The Muskoka
Slide, Dam and Boom Company will build a
new dam at the falls at Baysville during this
season, The company’s engineer was taking
levels and making measurements for the work
last week.

Mr. ArrHur 8. Prerson, of Harvard, N.Y.,
has patented a jointer for circular saws, so con-
structed that it can be readily adjusted to
operate on saws of different diameters, and
which will bring all the teeth to a uniform
length. It is an ingenious, simple, and effective
device.

TuHE Flos Lumber Company have erected a
new saw and shingle mill of large capacity, not
far from the Midland Railway station at Orillia,
and already two boilers and machinery are for-
ward, the intention being to have the mill ready
for work at an early day on the large stock of
logs cut during the winter.

THE official figures for 1880 show that the
exports of the United States have increased to
the enormous amount of $889,649,840, exceeding
1879 by $124,490,015. The imports have in-
creased largely, yet there still remains an excess
of exports over imports of $192,846.407—or
nearly two hundred million dollars for 1880.

A DESPATCH announces that a Minneapolis
firm has secured a large order from the Syndi-
cate for lumber for the construction of the
Canadian Pacific Railway freight-sheds and
depots on the line. It is stated also that 600,-
000 ties, manufactured on the eastern ssection
of the C.P.R., have been bouzht at reasonable

figures,
THE Muskoka Herald says Mr. T. Halliday

is at work with a gang of men improving the
navigation (logivation) at Mathiase Falls, by
building a pier opposite the one built by the
Government four years ago. The present im-
provement is being done by the Muskoka Slide,
Dam and Boom Company, and, if properly
carried out will be a great boom to river
drivers,

TueE Fredericton Reporter says the people of
Quebec are beginning to wake up to the great
waste of the hemlock trees, in procuring bark
for exportation. The hemlock tree will be a
thing of the past in New Brunswick before
long, unless some restriction is made. The sug-
gestion to increase the stumpage tax on bark
cut for other than local tanning or extract pur-
poses, is a good one.

Tue Tracadie Star says there has been, or
will have been by spring, nearly 8,000,000 feet
of logs cut on Tracadie this winter, It is princi-
pally for R. A. & J. Stewart, and will be sawed
at the Tracadie Mills, and thence conveyed to
Chatham in woodboats. Mr. J. A. McDonald
has now put out 3,500,000 feet on the South
Branch of Tracadie, has 18 teams and 90 men
in, and works for Stewart.

THE Ottawa Free Press says that Capt. W.
O. McKay informs us that Dosithe Galipaux,
Joseph Galipaux, Orphir Philon, and Hermidas
Desmarchis, four men in the employ of Mr, A.
McLean, cut 155 pieces of square timber on the
Upper Ottawa in six days. The timber aver-
aged 54 feet. This is claimed to be the biggest
week’s work ever performed by four men in the
Ottawa Valley.

THE Quebec Chronicle says the Canada
Central Railroad is to blame for the failure of
timber merchants to ship timber through to
Quebec by rail. It says that line charges more
than double the rates of the Q.M.O. & O. Rail-
way, and that Mr. Chapleau has been endeavor-
ing at Ottawa to bring about such a reduction
in the rates of the Canada Central as will
enable the Q.M.O. & O. Railway to assist in
the development of this important traffic,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE Bangor (Me.) Whig of the 2nd of March
says, that at the annual meeting of the Penob-
scot Lumbering Association, held yesterday,
the following officers were elected : Presldent,
W. B. Hayford ; Clerk and Treasurer, Abrara
Moor. Directors, Charles G. Sterns ; Joab W.
Palmer, Eben Webster, John Morrison, John
P, Webber and Jos. M. Hodgkins. The raft-
ing of the logs at the Penobscot boom for the
coming season was bid off by Mr. John Ross at
the rate of thirty cents,

A SCALER in a lumber camp in Gladwin
county was instructed to scale out both saps on
certain logs. One of the kind was banked
which the foreman thought ought to scale 500
feet. The scaler insisted, though, on following
directions and scaled out the saps. Later he
went around to the other end of the log and dis-
covered it was hollow, and when last heard
from he was sitting on a stump scratching his
head, for after taking out the hole he wanted
just 13 feet of having any log at all.

Tue Renfrew Mercury says that on the limits
lately sold by Messrs. Mackay & Smith, there
has been cut this season one tree, five lengths of
which (each 13 feet 6 inches long) measured one
hundred and fifteen standards, and said to con-
tain 23,000 feet of lumber. The smallest end of
the smallest log measured 35 inches in diameter.
From another tree, a piece of timber 44 feet
long by 3 feet square was manufactured. The
stump of this tree measured 18 feet in circum-
ference. This limit is within a day’s drive of
Renfrew village.

Tur Pembroke Observer says that Mr. P.
Fitzpatrick, Mayor of Allumette Island, who
has the contract of drawing a raft of timber,
manufactured on the Coulonge by Bryson &
Murtagh, for J. R. Booth, has caught up to the
timber makers, and has now between one
thousand four hundred and one thousand five
hundred pieces conveyed from the bush and de-
posited on the ice. According to Mr. William
Clarke, forest ranger, of Pontiac, the timber
will average between sixty-five and seventy feet,
and he says it is the best he has seen this winter.
The distance which the timber had to be drawn
varied from six to eight miles. It is now lying
on the Coulonge river, some seven or eight
miles above its junction with the Ottawa, and
consequently about the same distance from
Coulonge village. If the season permits, about
seven hundred pieces will be manufactured and
added to the timber already drawn.

Ir is believed that the railroad tie of the
future will be cut from the beautiful catalpa
tree. The Fort Scott, Texas and Gulf Railroad
have planted 900 acres of young trees and the
Tron Mountain railroad 100 acres, near Charles-
ton, Mo. On the track bed of the latter com-
pany ties of this wood have lain in the muddy
silt of the Mississippi for twelve years, and are
still in a good state of preservation. They have
outlasted two sets of white oak ties, and bid
fair to survive the third. Fence posts in Indiana
and Illinois are now sound after having been in
service for forty, fifty and even seventy-five
years. In the muddy regions about Cairo,
where it is grown extensively, it is used as
“corner stones” for the most substantial build-
ings. It is of an elastic nature, but not so soft
and light as cottonwood. Dr. John A. Warder,
President of the American Forestry Association,
claims for the catalpa a durablility and power
of resistance to the influences of the elements
possessed by no other wood. It is found in the
Mississippi valley and on the shores of the
tributaries of the great river. It bears a large
white, highly perfumed flower, and grows quite
rapidly,

Deserving of Liberal Support,

Tur CANADA LUMBERMAN.—This journal, the
first nine numbers of which were published in
Toronto, has been purchased by Messrs. Toker
& Co., proprietors of the Peterborough Rrvirw.
THE CANADA LUMBERMAN is the only paper
published in Canada devoted to the interests of
the lumber and timber industries of the
Dominion, and being purely a trade publication,
is deserving of a liberal support from those
in whose interest it has been established. The
first number issued by the new proprietors is
before us, and is in every respect a credit to
them. It is published semi-monthly at $2 per
annum.—Belleville Intelligencer.

THE DRY LUMBER QUESTION.

At the meeting of the Chicago lumber dealers
on Saturday of last week, in response to a resolu-
tion of thanks, extended to Mr, T. W. Harvey,
who officiated as the host, that gentleman made

some very sensible remarks upon the relation of |

the Chicago lumber trade to that of the country
at large. ‘“‘Chicago,” said Mr. Harvey, ‘“‘makes
prices for the entire western country, and the
markets of the East are influenced by the action
of the dealers of this city in fixing the value of
lumber. The qnestion of carrying larger stocks
is one which must materially affect the prices of
the future. If this market fixes its prices upon
the basis of green or but partially seasoned
lumber, as must inevitably be the case if the
yards of the city do not carry stocks of sufficient
extent to at all times insure a full assortment of
dry, the markets at other points will be estab-
lished upon the same basis. The extent of the
trade which Chicago shall transact during the
coming year, hinges largely upon this question.
The total supply, of the year 1879, amounted to
1,850,000,000 feet, of which, in round numbers,
1,400,000,000 feet was disposed of, and the close
of the year found us with about 450,000,000 feet
on hand. The stock of 1880 aggregated 2,000, -
000,000 feet, of which 1,500,000,000 feet was
sold, and 500,000,000 feet remained on hand for
commencing the business of the present year.

‘* Every indication now points to an increase
of not less than 150,000,000 feet in the business
of 1881, and we should prepare ourselves for
handling not less than 2,250,000,000 feet, includ-
ing the stook now on hand, This will admit of
a disposition, during the season, of 1,650,000,000
feet, leaving on hand, at the close of the season,
600,000,000 feet. That this will not more thau
suffice for the wants of the trade, our present
condition fully assures us. Entering upon the
year with 500,000,000 feet, the first of July will
find our dry stocks so far depleted as seriously
to cripple our trade for the succeeding three
months. We should have closed the last season
with at least 100,000,000 feet more than we did,
in order to keep ourselves in position to supply
the prospective demand which is now indicated.

“And the trade is rapidly increasing. The
rapid development of the western country ad-
monishes us that if we would keep pace with it,
we must enlarge ou stocks. If we are called
upon to receive such a vast amount as 1,750,-
000,000 feet during the coming season, and the
prospect of the winter’s logging assures us that
we shall be, where shall we sent the 1,650,000, -
000 feet which I claim we shall be able to dis-
pose of? In answer to this, let me point you to
the 10,000 miles of railroad now in course of
construction, and call to mind the growth and
increase of the towns and villages which are
building up as a result of the wonderful era of,
prosperity which has dawned upon us. And if
the country west of us will so largely increase
its demands for lumber, what shall we say for
Chicago? At no time in the past six years,
have so many plans been supplied by the
architects of this city for improvements as are
now in hand.

“And all this means a demand for dry lum-
ber. We cannot ship it green. The day when
10,000 feet could be loaded on a car and billed
as 5,000, has gone by. Everything is weighed,
and the lumber manufacturers and dealers of
the whole country are in the same boat; all
must submit to the weighing process. There
may in the past have been a ‘‘ buy ” way, but
that is out of the way for us and for a majority
of dealers elsewhere. Pools have been formed;
all the railroads of the country have become
members of what is known as a weighing associ-
ation, and the pool association has agreed to
haul no lumber which has not passed over the
scales of the weighing association. This does
not apply simply to shipments from Chicago ;
it includes not only lumber, but everything else,
not only here, but everywhere throughout the
land.

“Let us, then, see how we aré to be affected
by it. The average stock of lumber in Chicago
will weigh 3,200 pounds to the thousand feet.
The average freight is 25 cents per 100 pounds.
Dry lunber will average not over 2,500 pounds.
If, then, we dry 700 pounds of water out of the
lumber, we reduce the freight $1.75 per thou-
sand feet. Lumber weighing but 2,500 pounds
is worth fully $1.25 more in our yards than

[lumber weighing 3,200. By carrying suficient

stock to enable us to season it, we add, there-
fore, $3.00 per thousand to its value to us. Will
not this pay? True, dock rents are high, but
the increased value of our lumber will pay the
difference of expense in this respect and still
leave us a handsome margin, beside enabling us
to fill the orders which reach us, with prompt-
ness. The manufacturers also must learn to
carry a supply at their mills, and thus to share
with us in the benefits of cheaper freight and a
better price. Dry lumber is what we want,
and dry lumber we must have, and we must
make up our minds this very season to place
ourselves in a position to at all times have it.—
Northwestern Lumberman,
——————
CANADIAN AND ERAZILIAN TRADE.
The ventilation of the proposed new trade
between Canada and the Brazils has so far been
in a dormant state as regards practical statistics
for the guidance of our commercial and trading
community. The data relative to this subject
has been compulsorily held in abeyance await-
ing the consummation of arrangements by Mr.
Wim. Darley Bentley (the Brazilian Consul-
General) who, since October last, has been
vigorously engaged in England and Rio Janeiro
conferring with financiers and shipowners for
the bringing about of a company to conduct
direct service between the two countries. We
are enabled on good authority to state that that
gentleman’s negotiations have been successful,
and a company has been formed in London,
England, whereby a first-class line of steam-
ships will, almost immediately, come into opera-
tion, commencing probably between Halifax
and Rio, and performing a bi-monthly trade.
The company’s capital is stated at $500,000,
which, together with the respective subsidies of
$50,000 voted by the Canadian and Brazilian
Governments, will enable the service to provide
such comfort to passengers and freights as, in
the past, has not been provided. The prospects
of an increasing trade between the Dominion
and the Brazils is encouraging to all parties
interested ; and at once opens up anew channel
for shippers to consign marketable produce to
more distant ports, where, probably, the field
for requirements will enhance the value and
more than fully repay the consignor for his
speculation. On the other hand, we have ex-
ceptional transit offered for Brazilian produce
imported into Canada, giving Brazilian exporters
facilities for shipment of tropical goods such as
sugar, coffee, cocoa, hides, etc., and various
articles of farina indispensible in our markets.
The specialities of exports to the Brazils include
flour, furniture, coal, codfish, dry goods, all
descrij-tions of canned goods (meat and fish),
kerosene and petroleum oils, pine wood and
lumber in every shape for building purposes.
In fact, the interchange of commodities are so
numerous that a glance at the import and
export trade during the past two years between
the United States and Brazil at once implies
that similar transactions are adapted to Cana-
dian and South American requirements. It is
the company’s intention to make one of the
West India Islands (perhaps St. Thomas) a port
to call en route—whereby their interests and the
public convenience will be further developed.
The rates proposed to be exercised by this
service will be of such quotations as to render
attractions to shippers, and provide opportunity
for consignments of saleable articles to receive
the attention of consignees at their destination.
The necessity of this service between Canada
and the Brazils has long been recognized, and,
now that it has arrived at the present satisfac-
tory point for practical work, there is every
reason to believe that its merits will be fully
entertained by the travelling and commercial
community, and ultimately establish such bene-
fits as its promoters and Government supporters
have so ably organized.—Jndustrial World.

Improvement on the Old Issue.

Tue Canapa LumBerMAN has changed hands,
and is now published by Toker & Co., of the
Peterborough Review. The first number pub-
lished by them, is before us and presents a very
neat appearance, being quite an improvement
on the old issue. It should receive the patron-
age of all interested in the lumber business.
Terms $2 per year.— West Durham News.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF WOOD.
We have received, from the secretary of the
treasury, a summary statement of the imports
and exports, to and from the United States, for
the year 1880, from which some general facts
regarding the trade with foreign countries may
be obtained. The value of imports of mer-
_ chandise for the year, free of duty, amounted to
$206,583,345, of which the item of unmanufac-
tured wood is stated at a valuation of $3,229,-
333—an increase in this class of imports of
$943,518 over those of 1879. Of dutiable goods,
the total imports of the year amounted to a
valuation of $490,222,522—an increase over
1879 of $151,362,883. Of this amount, the fol-
lowing table exhibits the value of wood products
on which duties were collected :

' Articles. 1880. 1879.

Furniture and manufactures

MORRO oe ties ie oe - nn aye ve $1,325,397 $1,010,162
Boards, plank, joist, etc .... 6,251,335 3,839,535
PUPA Satara fecla/a cil ae cisle es ate 158,485 90,303
Timber, sawed or hewed.... 14,435 3,043
Other timber..... .... 457,950 208,867
Total, dutiable timber imp’t’s 8,207,602 5,151,910

“© non-dutiable ......... 3,229,333 2,28F ,815

Grand total....... wees ese -$11,436,935 $7,487,725

From the aboye table it appears that imports
of the products of the forest increased in 1880,
over the preceding year, to the extent of $3,999, -
210, or but a fraction less than 54 per cent. But
while importing to the extent of $11,436,935 the
exports of wood and its manufactures for the
year amounted to $17,333,844, against $15,240, -
743 in 1879, or less than 14 per cent. increase.
The following is a detailed statement of the ex-
ports included in these figures :

Articles. 1850, 1879.
Boards, planks, joist, ete.... $4,306,429 $4,042,444
Lath, palings, pickets, etc... 12,368 13,048
Shigieles ame saisinsty sical ine * 180,176 163,612
Box-shooks.. ..... -see--. 193,805 127,562
Other shooks, staves and

WEIS es Sala si maeisoyechiak\ 3,496,528 3,565,035
Hogsheads and barrels,
pripbyetcaee en octeee ks 263,485 257,845
All other lumber............ 1,053,370 643,336
Fire-wood...... ioc Re aera 11,462 9,810
Telegraph and other poles... 298,966 442,128
Logs, masts and other whole
SIMEE Rte Once s aati c-e'= 671,948 637,179
Timber, sawed and hewed... 2,592,077 1,742,622
All other timber.... .... Sees 123,940 97,337
Household furniture.... .... 1,872,589 1,604,279
Woodenware .......cccee00. 312,447 298,430
Other manufactures of wood 1,944,274 1,596,076
Motalin.e ee seeeeeseee+ + $17,333,844 $15,240,743

The above includes only the exports of
domestic wood products, and to this should be
added the exports of foreign goods, imported
and again exported, which were as follows.

Duty was paid on everything except unmanu-
factured wood :

Articles. 1880. 1879.
Wood, unmanufactured, free
OL GUY wane Mee ee sis. a $ 79,420 $ 59,610
Furniture and manufactures
Di wide ste 65,883 52,430
Boards, plank, joist, etc. 450,185 351,907
Shinples ees - 3,438 1,998
Other twiters,...5..5...... 5,270 513
Total of both classes.. .. 604,196 466,458

Exports of domestic goods... 17,333,844 15,240,743

. $17,938,040 $15,707,201
At the end of the year, there remained in
bond, manufactures of wood, boards, plank,
joist, scantling, shingles, timber and other lum-
ber, of the value of $289,752, against a valuation
of $219,823 at the close of 1879. The lumber
represented in the values given above, in the
.tables of domestic woods exported, comprising
the items of boards, clapboads, plank, joist,
scantling and deals, amounts to 279,931,000 feet;
lath, palings, broom handles, curtain sticks and
bed slats, 4,265,000 feet ; shingles, 60,680,000 ;
for box and other shooks, no details are given ;
sawed and hewed timber figures at 18,425,438
cubic feet, equal to 221,105,256 feet board
measure; hogsheads and empty barrels are
stated at 151,337, and firewood at 4,323 cords,
The aggregate of the above items of lumber,
timber, lath, ete., is 505,301,256 feet board
measure, and adding to this the re-exports of
foreign manufacture stated at 46,494,000 feet,
we arrive at a grand total of exports for the
year, of 551,795,256 feet, although 100,000,000
feet more would not exaggerate the extent of
the articles of which the quantities are not
enumerated.—North-western Lumberman.

Aw English company offers to invest £220,-
000 in the Jarrah timber business if the South
Australian Government will grant reasonable
concessions. It is not probable that any definite
answer will be given until after the next meet-
ing of the Legislature,

HOW TO DESTROY THE BORER.

James W. Robinson, Esq., of Vremont, Il.,
an ex-president of the Illinois State Horticul-
tural Society, gives the following mode of deal-
ing with that destructive insect, the tree borer :

“The eggs are deposited in the bark of the
tree, the beetle puncturing or splitting the bark
of the tree upward or downward and a little
sidewise, the puncture looking very much as if
made with an ordinary pocket-knife. The eggs
are usually injected into this puncture so deep
as to be out of sight ; but not always, On young
and thin-barked trees the eggs will be pushed in
next to the wood; but in older and thicker-
barked trees they will only be through the hard
outer bark and inner soft bark. As soon as the
eggs begin to hatch, which is in a few days
after being deposited, its enlargement causes
the puncture to open, and thereby it is much
easier detected. The young borer hatches out
in the inner side of the egg, and eats but a
circular piece the size of a half dime; and then
starts off, boring upward at first, but sometimes
sidewise or downward. At this stage of develop-
ment it is easy to detect the young depredator
by afew drops of discolored juice of the tree
exuding from the puncture and sticking on the
bark. The larve usually bore down below the
ground-surface in the winter, and up again in
summer, living in the larve state in the tree
nearly two years; then boring out in the form
of the beetle, ready to repeat their round again,
The remedy I have successfully used is to keep
the ground around the trunk of the trees clean
and mellow, so that there will be no cracks or
openings there for beetles to get in to lay their
eggs in the tree, and so that the puncture where
the eggs are laid or young beetles may be easily
seen, and eggs or insects destroyed, which can
be done while in the egg by merely pressing
firmly on the puncture with a knife-blade (the
cracking of the eggs can be heard distinctly),
and, if hatched, by cutting away the dead bark
over the cavity first eaten out and killing the
young worm. The borers do not get into the
wood much the first year and can be easily fol-
lowed by a knife; but, if not taken out soon
after hatching, they seriously injure, if not
entirely kill the tree, especially when they run
around just under the bark, as they sometimes
do. Or, when several borers are in a small tree,
they so injure it that it breaks over with the
wind, If the ground is well cleared and patted
down smooth around the tree about the last of
June, the destroying of the eggs and young
borers will be more certain. The trees should
be examined twice or perhaps three times a
year, if the borers are very numeerous, in order
that the first hatched may be killed before they
do serious injury to the trees. August, Septem-
ber, and October are the months in which to
destroy them. They seem to infest certain parts
of the orchard from year to year, while others
are comparatively exempt. Low grounds have
been more infested with me than higher parts of
the orchard. A man can usually examine and
kill all eggs and borers in five hundred or more

trees per day, if the ground has been properly |*

prepared, and no work in any orchard has been
so absolutely necessary.”—Ohio Farmer.

A Store of Useful Information.

Messrs. Toker & Co., of the Peterborough
Review, have assumed the publication of THE
CanapA LumBermMaAN. It is a_sixteen-page
quarto, well and neatly printed, and will be
devoted to the interest of the great lumbering
industry of our country. The LumBrerman will
advocate the establishment of a Bureau of
Woods and Forests in connection with the Pro-
vincial Government. There is a store of useful
and interesting matter in the first copy issued
by Messrs. Toker & Co., and, judging from the
success which has attended other publications
with which these gentlemen have to do, we may
safely predict success to the LUMBERMAN.—
Brampton Conservator.

THE weather this month has been unfavorable
for trade about Philadelphia, Pa., but there
has been an activity of sales and inquiries very
gratifying under the circumstances. All agree
in predicting plenty of business in the near
future for both city and country dealers. Prices
are well maintained, and we do not think there
will be any changes unless on seasoned lumber,

OUR TIMBER SUPPLY,

The Monctary Times says :—The question of
the extent f the timber supply is relatively a
more important one for Canada than for the
States. What our remaining supply is, the
means of estimating are much less accurate, and
it would be well if in connection with the census

of this year, special preparation had been made
for getting reliable information on the subject.
Alarmist stories are started, from time to time,

that our timber supply is getting low ; bush fires |

doing more to denude our forests than the axe of |

the lumberman. One writer tells us with horror
that in removing the forests which protect us
from the bleak winds of the Arctic Ocean, we
are in danger of letting in eternal winter upon
us. Precisely where fact ends and imagination
begins, there is no means of knowing. It is,
however, about time that an effort should be
made to find out the truth. But this is not
sufficient. It is essential that every available
means be used to put a stop to wanton waste
by means of fire. A beginning has been made
by the Ontario Government, but the effort is
mere tentative and the extent of the means made
use of is already known to be insufficient. The
forest literature of European countries, respect-
ing which but very little is known here, would
furnish many useful hints as to the best means
of forest preservation. The subject deserves at
the hands of the local governments which are

largely interested, more special attention than it |
| Corn, bush........1,722,96

has hitherto received.

SHIPPING NOTES.
FREIGHT RATES—INSURANCE—SAILORS’ YARNS—
NOTES FROM VARIOUS POINTS.
There is no movement yet among vessel men
in Toronto harbor in the way of making engage-
ments. It is a certainty that shippers have

offered $1.25 per 1,000 on lumber from here to |

Oswego, but we have not heard of any vessel
men having accepted a charter at that rate. On
the contrary, they are asking 1.50. Both parties
are lying off easily so far, as there is no hurry
yet for two weeks or more. About grain rates
there is an uncertainty. Shippers say they have
been figuring and find that railway rates will
leave them about even if they should pay the
vessels 2c. from here to Kingston. This will be
no better than the rate last year. Nothing can
be done with vessel men on such a basis as that
with lumber offering at $1.25. Rates on Lake
Michigan ports have not been settled exactly,
but charters have been made which will give
some idea of what may yet be. A prominent
shipper in Chicago has determined not to pay
more than 6c. on corn to Buffalo, but some
agents say they will get 7c., and some vessel
men are holding off. for 8c. One schooner has
been chartered at Milwaukee with corn to
Buffalo at 74c., and another with wheat at 8c.
Grain rates from Lake Michigan are expected
to be higher than they were last year, but that
circumstance will scarcely affect the rates out of

Toronto harbor.
INSURANCE.

There is nothing doing of any consequence up
to the present. The underwriters will not get
fairly into business till the new book is out, or
before April. All opinions point to the proba-
bility that rates will be higher this spring ; at
least that they will open higher. Negotiations
are said to have brought out the views that
premiums may be in cases one-half to one per
cent. higher than they were last year at the
opening of navigation. There is no certainty
that rates will be sustained at a higher figure,
for it is pretty certain that insurance companies
will be found outside of any pool combination
who will offer better terms.
SAILORS’ TALK.

There are no sailors in yet, but vessel captains
are gathering round their usual places of
rendezvous and exchanging views. These views
cover the range of subjects that come up at this
season. When the harbor will be open; whether
they shall all stand out for ‘‘better terms” from
shippers ; what sailors’ wages will be ; and a
strong current of yarns about how they did in
wild encounters with ice of fabulous thickness
in many past spring times. It is pretty safe to
say that the ice in Toronto harbor will not be
out of the way much before the first of April,
and it will not cause any repining among vessel
men if it should be so. The captains all feel

55
pretty sure about getting good paying rates on
lumber, and there are said to be plenty of
freights just as soon as the vesecls can move, so

|the vessel men are waiting their time with
patient assurance, The rating of their vessels
in the underwriters’ book for 1841 w looked
for with interest by many who do not feel quite
sure about the inspector’s report. There is not
much said yet about the sailors’ wages, and it is
not yet hinted what the demand will be. There
was a good deal of grumbling last year about
the rate paid to men before the mast, which wae
as much towards the close of the season as what

| was paid to the masters of vessels.

CANADIAN VESSELS AND AMERICAN FREIGHTS,
The Chicago Tribune has some observations

on the operation of Clause 30 in the Washington

|
|

|

|

Treaty relating to the carrying of American
freights in Canadian bottoms.
the regulation that Canadian vessels may carry

After reciting

freight from one American port destined to
another American port, provided that a portion
of such transit is overland in Canada and in
to

the

bond, similar regulations being applicable
American vessels with
Tribune says that this agreement is fai
but the Canadian vessels get a large advanta
from its operation, the followi

freights,

sritish

gives

and

figures in demonstration, showing the shiy

| in transit through Canada to American po
Collinge God- Port Col- Sar-
Articles. wood. erich. borne, nia.
Wheat, bush...... - 63
WE CLT ie

Flour, bris .......
Cornmeal, bris....
Oatmeal, bris --. .
Grass-seed, bags...
Flax-seed, bags. ...
Pork, DUB) on ee sen

740

Of this quantity American
581,898 bushels of corn and 28,285 bushels of
wheat, the Canadian vessels getting the other

vessels carried

share. So Canadian vessels get over three-
fourths of the entire eastern bound freight,
which passes overland in Canada during its
transit.— Globe.

THE new lock and canal at the Sault Ste.
Marie will be ready for use about July 1, 1881,
with a depth of water at the present stage of
sixteen feet. The river has been dredged to
sixteen feet for forty miles southward from its
head. Now that the final appropriation—$150,-
000—for the completion of these improvements
has been made by Congress, our shipping will
have the use of the increased depth of water—
sixteen feet—throughout the entire channel be-
tween Lake Superior and Lake Huron, in 1881,
excepting at two points—Lake George and the
East Neebish rapids. The workin Lake George
is under contract for completion in 1882. The
improvement of the channel at the East Neebish
rapids has been in the hands of the Govenrment
of the Dominion of Canada.

STEAMBOAT masters, mates, and enzineers in
the United States pay $10 every spring for their
certificates. There isa sum of $500,000 to the
credit of the Steamboat Inspection Service now,
but fees are kept up.

Tue schooner Wanderer, lying at Toronto, has
been sold to Captain John Spence, of Sangeen,
for $3,000. She will go into small timber trade
on Lake Huron.

British Timber Trade.

Considering the spring trade indications, the
London Timber Trades Journal says: ¥

With regard to the timber trade, which has
been a principal sufferer, it is not that we have
had an unusually long winter—on the contrary,
we had very fine weather in December—but
when winter really did come in January, it
came so much in earnest that for nearly a whole
fortnight it almost entirely shut up the timber
trade and brought it to a standstill, from which
it only rallied at intervals till last week, when it
seemed to resume its normal course and return
to its ancient habits. This interruption to the
trade was not limited to any locality ; it per-
vaded the whole kingdom, but it was chiefiy
exceptional in the south, where we are unused
to such heavy snowfalls and to such biting frosts
as we had to contend with during all the latter
part of January, and the timber trade suffered
in proportion, Imsomuch that our reports from
the provinces were all of one kind for awhile.
The state of trade was everywhere torpid, and
was easily summed up as no trade at all any-
where.

[oF]

OUR QUEBEC LETTER.

A QUIET SEASON—STOCKS WINTERING IN QUEBEC
—THE MONTMORENCI MILLS—THE PROPOSED
SHIPMENT OF LUMBER BY RAIL—THE NEW
TIMBER DUES OF QUEBEC—CONFERENCE BE-
TWEEN THE LUMBERMEN AND THE GOVERN-

MENT.
eee

(QuEBEC, March 25th, 1881,

In lumbermen’s offices in this city, the present
is the quietest season of the year. The accounts
of last year’s operations and shipments, and of
socks on hand are for the most part completed
before the end of January. Contracts for next
season’s delivery have mostly been made weeks
ago, and the chartering of vessels has hardly
commenced. The stocks wintering here, as ap-
pears from the annual trade circulars of Messrs.
J. Bell, Porsyth & Co., are unusually light,
particularly those remaiming in first hands.

The Montmorenci mills are working on full
time night and day, the full yield for the season
having been long ago disposed of. The figure
paid for the season’s cut of pine deals by Messrs.
Bryant, Powis & Bryant, of London, has not
yet transpired. It is believed in usually well
informed circles to fully sustain recent quota-
tions. The firm in question are opening an
office in this city, and will certainly load twenty
to thirty vessels here during the coming
summer.

The shipment of lumber from Ottawa to
Quebec, by rail instead of by water, has for
some weeks past been engaging public attention
here. The question has been opened by the
recent connection made between the Canada
Central, and Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa and
Occidental Railways, and by the facilities offer-
ed in this port, where the terminus of the Q.M.
O. & O. R. has been extended to deep water.
The only difficulty in the scheme appears to be
in connection with the rates of freight charged
upon these two lines of railway. Lumber has
been actually brought for over 200 miles over
the Canada Central and its connections to Hull,
but it has not been found possible after paying
the freight thereon, to go to the expense of ship-
ping it by Q.M.0O, & O. R. to this city. The
Local Government of Quebec and the manage-
ment of the Provincial line have attempted
patriotically enough to overcome the difficulty,
by offering exceptionally low rates for the
development of this trade, amounting to some-
thing like $17 to $20 per car from Hull to
Quebec, a distance of 280 miles. Those inter-
ested in this proposed route are not without
reasonable hopes that an arrangement will be
male between the Provincial or Q.M.O. & O.
Ra‘lway aud the Canada Central, which will
allow of the shipment of lumber by rail direct
to deep water at Quebec, and avoid the danger
and delay of rafting.

The most important event in connection with
the lumber industry which has. occurred here
for a long time past, is the conference had here
yesterday between the members of the Local
Government and a deputation of lumbermen,
concerning the new table of Crown timber dues
imposed by the Order-in-Council of November
last. It will afford a better understanding to
roaders outside of Quebec, to explain that prior
to the passing of this Order, the dues imposed
wére ten cents upon logs of 16 inches diameter
and under, and fifteen cents upon those of 17
inches and upwards. These dues have been in-
creased to twelve instead of ten cents, and
twenty-six cents in the latter case instead of
fifteen. Now, the lumbermen complain with
reason, not only that the rates, since the new
imposition, are exorbitantly high and more than
they can afford to pay, especially after so many
seasons of depression in the trade, but also that
the system of levying the dues is manifestly
unfair, and operates to the disadvantage of
those getting out a small class of logs. The
lumbermen ask therefore, not only that there
should be a reduction in the dues, which, by
the new Order-in-Council, have been increased
from 50 to 75 per cent, but also that the method
of levying them should be assimilated to that
which obtains in Ontario, where, instead of
levying upon the dimensions of the log, a
standard of the board measure contained in it
is adopted, based upon the tables in Scribner's
Doyle. These demands of the trade, decided

THE CANADA

upon some weeks ago at a convention of lumber-
men held in Ottawa, were embodied in a
petition to the Provincial Government of
Quebec, and an interview was arranged which
took place in Montreal. The Commissioner of
Crown Lands, Hon. E. J. Flynn, was prevent-
ed by illness from participating in this meeting,
and consequently a second convention was
arranged, through the exertions of Hon. L.
Ruggles Church, and took place in this city
yesterday. All the Ministers of the Local
Government were present, and the following
lumbermen: Messrs. James McLaren, E. H.
Bronson, J. A. Cameron, J. R. Booth, and W.
G. Perley, of Ottawa; and Messrs. Robert
Hamilton, Andrew Thompson, and Mc-
Naughton, of Quebec. The grievances of the
trade, as already exposed, were fully explained,
and the demands of the lumbermen were urged
upon the Government. It was shown that the
dues imposed in Quebec amounted to something
like $1.22 per 1,000 feet if imposed as in Ontario
by Doyle’s Scribner upon the board measure con-
tents of logs, while the dues in Ontario are but
75 cents per 1,000. By way of a compromise, it
was stated that the majority of those in the
trade, recognizing the necessity of the Pro-
vincial finances, would be willing to pay equi-
valent to $1.00 per 1,000. After a lengthy and
pleasant conference, the Hon. Commissioner of
Crown Lands informed the deputation that he
hoped to be able before long to promise the
lumbermen some slight concessions and probably
a diminution in the tariff. It was also possible,
he said, that next year there might be a change
in the system of collection. This, however,
could not be attempted during the present
season, owing to other instructions haying been
sent to agents and bush-rangers. The members
of the deputation left for home the same
evening. STADACONA,

Board of Trade Returns.
Showing receipts of wood imports into the
United Kingdom for the last three years :—
TIMBER, HEWN.

1878, 1879. 1880,

RUSSO Sete er eee $22,219 174,898 336,649
Sweden and Norway... 468,096 436,653 658,881
Germany..cas<cssm esis 216,158 200,911 277,579
British North America. 260,890 196,431 360,622
Other Countries....... 413,442 369,322 486,143
1,680,805 1,378,215 2,119,874

TIMBER, SAWN OR SPLIT, PLANED OR DRESSED.

RUBSIa: se eek ar 914,807 723,609 1,060,608
Sweden and Norway... 1,453,477 1,406,730 1,608,201
British North America. 963,171 904,559 1,147,040
Other Countries....... 287,641 218,414 271,055
3,619,096 3,253,312 4,086,904

As it may be of interest to timber operators
to know the points in the United Kingdom
which received the bulk of the imports of hewn
timber, we annex the following statement :—

IMPORTS.

1880.

Cardi facia area einai efceaiuaniies ice 216,226
GYEENOCK aan siete terre nsiereletetersieicie 90,368
EL aXGle DOOM AG. <tcteatereloekiscia silniaaheickioNieiete 168,866
NUE respeie aneie\sYeseseieereinie slesescleseisreisicie 80,329
INN 829) as su decooReudhodenoon05 e+» 128,336
wine) wiaiplas fe 241,424

Rcd ah
55
>

78

Value of Sawdust.

We should hardly credit so large a story from
aless reliable source than the ¥. W. Lumberman,
but we presume the editor has the statistics, at
hand to confirm his assertions :—

‘In New York there are about 500 venders
of sawdust, having a capital of $200,000 invest-
ed, and doing a business amounting to more
than $2,000,000 annually. Forty years ago the
mills were glad to have sawdust carted away ;
twenty-five years ago it could be bought for
fifty cents a load, but the price has increased,
and now it brings $3.50 a load at the mills. It
is used at the hotels, eating houses, groceries,
and other business places. It is wet and spread
over floors in order to make the sweeping clean-
er work. Plumbers use a great deal about pipes
and buildings to deaden walls and floors. Soda
water men and packers of glass and small arti-
cles of every kind use it, and dolls and some
living creatures are more or less stuffed with it.
Yellow pine makes the best sawdust, as it is the
least dusty, and has a pungent, healthy smell.
But any white wood dust will do. Black wal-
nut sawdust will not sell and is burned.”

a

THERE are 215 penitentiary convicts employed

in logging campsim Texas,

LUMBERMAN.

THE VANISHING FORESTS.

The New York Shipping List says: The
American people boast of their quickness to
profit by the logic of events but in respect to
many things in the line of general duty to
society, they are as slow to learn as was the
ancient Egypt, who resisted a number of very
convincing arguments with which the Lord had
intrusted Moses. There can be no doubt, in
light of events, that the greed of man, and not
the unkindness of nature, must be held respon-
sible for the increasing frequency of droughts in
this country. By such an extensive denudation
of forest lands is now being practiced, we are
seriously disarranging Nature’s economy and
interfering with the conditions that are essential
to her healty processes. It is a generally under-
stood fact, upon which scientific men have now
no monopoly, that the increase of draught is, in
the long run, in direct ratio to the destruction
of the forests and general tree supply. A
statistician, who claims to have made accurate
calculation, declares that the pine forests of
Michigan will be exhausted in thirteen years,
and those of Wisconsin and Minnesota in thirty
and forty years. There is little reason to doubt
the approximate accuracy of the estimate.
Twenty years ago this region had scarcely been
touched by the axe. The disappearance of
forests will make the economy of wood a matter
of duty, could a generation habitually thought-
less of its descendants be influenced by such a
remote evil. We are a little too much inclined
to guard the claims of our descendants as did
the miserly humorist, who, when asked to do
something which conduced to the good of after
ages, asked why he should be called upon to do

APPREHENSIONS OF NORTH-WESTERN
LUMBERMEN.

The Mississippi Valley Lumberman and Manu-
facturer has the following concerning the log-

ging situation on the Upper Mississippi
streams :—

“The gravity of the situation comes not so
much from the fact that there is too much snow
for logging purposes as from the danger of a
sudden thaw, which would certainly create the
most disastrous floods ever known on the conti-
nent. This danger is so imminent that all stand
in fear at the probable events of the next sixty
days, which will almost certainly ruin scores if
not hundreds of lumbermen. There is now more
than double as much water on the 150,000
square miles drained by the waters of the Upper
Mississippi as there has been since its first
settlement at any one time. Last year the
| floods. did more than a million and a half of
| dollars’ damage to the lumbermen of this
valley, but from the situation now the losses of
1881 will render the damage of last year insigni-

ficant. Those who have logs secure in lakes
and small streams will do well to keep them

there as long as possible.”

FOREST FIRES.

We find the following editorial in the Mon-
| treal Witness :—
| The loss caused by forest fires may be parti-
ally seen by a statement made by Mr. Mackay,
| the great Ottawa lumber merchant, that in four
| townships between the Mississippi and Mada-
| waska rivers, which fifteen years ago were ore
|of the finest pine countries ever known, the
| pine has almost all been destroyed by forest

anything for posterity since posterity had never | fires, started by malicious vagabonds. A series

done anything for him.
enter more or less into building enterprises.
for no other purpose, our forests should be
spared from wanton destruction. If we can
economize them by using the more substantial
building materials with which nature has so
lavishly supplied us, and at the same time save
moisture for the parched country, and add
safety, beauty and durability to our cities and
villages, it is certainly worth our while to make
the effort.

Blowing off Boilers,

A French scientific journal gives some useful |

hints in regard to emptying and blowing off
steam boilers. It is injurious to empty a boiler
soon after stopping it, because, in the case of an

externally fired boiler, the masonry in which it |
is placed being at a higher temperature than the |

boiler it envelops, imparts to it some of its heat,
which, in the absence of the water, may do it
some harm. It is well to admit a current of air
through the flues some hours after stopping the
generator, and not to empty it before the flues
become cooled to a temperature below 300°.
When the flues are not too hot, no serious in-
convenience is experienced in emptying the
boiler under pressure. We do not say at high
pressure, as for a boiler, the pressure of which
would be 10 pounds, the temperature of the
water being 304°, a great quantity of steam
would be generated during the process of
emptying ; we think at a pressure of two pounds
the boiler could be emptied without danger or
inconvenience, We have sometimes seen owners
empty their boilers almost immediately after
the fires had been extinguished, clean them with
cold water as soon as they were empty, and
keep up a current of water so that the workmen
might work there. Boilers of small dimensions
sometimes resist such treatment, but in large
boilers it will be seen that unequal contractions
must take place, causing the rivets to burst.

Accurate Statistics, &e,

Tur Canapa LuMBERMAN.—This is the title
of a paper published in Peterborough, by Toker
& Co., devoted to the interests of the Lumber
and Timber Industries of the Dominion. THE
CANADA LUMBERMAN will be purely a trade
organ, and will be absolutely non-political. It
will contain those accurate statistics which are
necessary to the trade as a basis for intelligent
operations. All information of value to the
trade at large will be diligently collected and
matters of interest to them will be diseussed
and advoeated. Subscription $2 per annum,
published semi-monthly.—Brantford Courier

Wood must always | of interesting articles on forestry, by a specie]
If | correspondent, appeared in the Witness a couple

| of years ago, in which it was made very plain
| that if remedial legislation were not had and a
|stern example made of the ‘‘ malicious vaga-
| bonds” and others who, though not malicious,
| have no sense of responsibility when making
| fires in the bush, our magnificent forests would
‘in a few years be a thing of the past. Every
| patriotic man should consider himself personally
| a custodian of these immense sources of wealth
| to the country, and do what is in his power by
| example, rebuke, advice, and, where necessary,
“legal persuasion,” to make people, especially
wandering vagabonds, understand their value.

Port Hope Freight Rates.

A meeting of the vessel-owners of Port Hoye
was held at the office of Mr. R. C, Smith, jr.,
| to take into consideration the rates of freights
| from this port. Mr. R. C. Smith, jr., was in
the chair. After a general discussion and care-
ful calculation of the expenses of vessels, at the
lowest rates, the following rates of freight were
adopted, and the owners pledged themselves to
carry them out in good faith. The resolutions
are based with equal fairness to owners and
shippers :—From Port Hope to Oswego, and
other American ports on Lake Ontario, lumber,
$1.20 per 1,000 ft.; shingles, 20c. per 1,000;
lath, pickets, &c., at a proportionate rate; grain
2kc. a bushel (Oswego to Kingston); coal, 40c.
per ton (free in and out Oswego to Port Hope) ;
hay, $2 per ton (on and off rail, with deck load);
on all other articles of freight, the rates to be
regulated by the expenses incurred for the trip
and the foregoing freights.— Times.

Toronto Freight Rates.

The ice still remains firm in the bay, although
the recent fine weather has so honeycombed it
in places that crossing it is now considered
dangerous. Special telegrams from various ports
tend to show a similar state of affairs existing
over the lakes, and point to a late opening. At
this point preparations are being actively made
for the opening of navigation, and both vessels
and docks are being thoroughly overhauled and
repaired. Rates promise to open higher than
last spring, and charters hteve already been
made at $1.25 per thousand on lumber to
Oswego.

TuE difficulty experienced, in filling orders in
the Chicago market, on account of broken
stocks is on the increase in the American
markets, and it is said that on this account in
some markets the lumber being hatidled is not
far removed from green.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Grade Motes.

Canadian.

Raiiway ties and cedar posts are being ship-
ped in great quantities from Kemptville to the
United States.

Mepontr.—Twenty-nine years ago Mr, Geo.
Wright planted a spruce about six inches in
circumference. Last season, it measured five
feet nine inches in circumference.

THE Halifax New Era says: Of inward freight
we note 41 cars deals and timber for the loading
ships at the depot, and 213 cars coal. Three
large ships of from 600 to 1,000 tons each, are at
present loading deals and timber at our rail-
way depot.

THE Collingwood Messenger says: From Byng
Tnlet we learn that lumbering operations are
oyer for the season, all the logs required being
in. It has been a very favorable winter for
lumbering purposes, and there are more logs cut
for Byng Inlet mills than in any past year.

THE value of buildings already projected in
Toronto, exclusive of the Parliament buildings
and Court House reaches to nearly half a million
dollars. On the whole the outlook for building
operations in Toronto during the present season,
and therefore for the local demand for lumber,
is brighter than in any preceding year.

TWENTY-FIVE cars of lumber are being ship-
ped at Ottawa city daily, by the St. Lawrence
& Ottawa Railway, to the United States. . Last
week Bronson & Weston shipped ten car loads

of timber by the Canada Central Railway to |

New York. Col. Robbins also shipped ten car
loads of iron ore to the same place.

A RAFT of wood belonging to Mr. Alexander
Russell, of Levis, went adrift the other day
opposite Beaumont, with three men on board,
who were several hours afloat and suffered very
severely from the cold. Mr. Russell sent the
steamer Prince Edward to their assistance, but
it failed to find them owing to the darkness of
the night; meantime they managed to land at
Beaumont.

A COMPARATIVELY new industry is the getting
out of hop-poles for the American market. For
this purpose small cedar is greatly in demand,
owing to its lasting character. Large quanti-
ties have been shipped from the stations of the
St. Lawrence and Ottawa Railway, and other
local lines. Within four weeks from fifty to
sixty car loads have been shipped from Buck-
ingham station alone.

A GENTLEMAN just arrived from the Upper
Ottawa states that at Fort Eddy, which is 117
miles from Pembroke and 236 from Ottawa,
there is plenty of snow for good sleighing. The
cut of logs in that region has been in excess of
any previous year. It is thought that owing to
the large quantity of snow there will be no
difficulty in floating out the timber and logs.
Shantymen and teams are on their way down
the river in large numbers.

Orii1a.—Last week, Mr. Wm. Ramsay, of
the Orillia Carriage Works, shipped to Emerson
and Winnipeg, by the Midland railway via
Whitby, one hundred and ten vehicles—wag-
gons, buggies, and buckboards, all manufactur-
ed since the Ist day of February. Mr. Ramsay
expects to follow up this shipment with another
equally as large in the course of a few weeks.
He has about forty men employed, and has
enough orders ahead to keep them hard at work
for some time.

Wasuaco.—A correspondent writes: Saw-
logging has been a boom in this part of the
country, the weather and roads being all that
could be desired. Thompson, Smith & Sons, of
Bradford, and Andrew Tait, of Orillia, have a
large quantity of logs on this end of Lake
Couchiching. Mr. A. Marshall and others are
getting out considerable, and the three shingle
mills are running steadily. Messrs. Tobey &
Co., of Collingwood, are doing a large business
in tanbark; the station yard is nearly filled
with it.

FOLiow1nc the example of Ontario, an effort
is being made in Quebec to interest British
capital in the lumbering interests of that Pro-
vince. Mr. H. Atkinson, of Messrs. H. Atkin-
ton & Co., is at present in Britain forming a
joint stock company to work limits in which his
firm and La Banque Nationale are interested.
He has met with good encouragement and it is

|

reported that upon the strength of his favorable

as to be ready for an early start next fall.
Messrs. Girouard & Beaudet, who have exten-
sive limits in the Saguenay district, and a fine
steam mill at Betsiamis, will also likely put
their business into the shape of a joint stock
company, and Mr. Girouard is at present in
England negotiating to this end.
———
American.

One hundred and fifteen ship builders from
Scotland arrived, recently, to work in the ship
yards of Detroit, Mich.

In Boston, the stock of hardwoods has been
somewhat enlarged by late arrivals, but prices
are firm and unchanged,

PARCHMENT made from the palmetto of
Florida is likely to come into quite general use
for conveyances, land office receipts, etc.

OnE of the institutions of Beaumont, Texas, is
a cistern-factory. The cisterns are made of
cypress, and shipped in pieces, to various parts
of the state,

In New York, extreme rates are obtained for
everything desirable. Seasoned oak and ash
are scarce, and, owing to the limited supply of
walnut, the extra demand for mahogany con-
tinues.

A CLEVELAND, Ohio, paper says that the
present season promises to tax the vessel capa-
city on the lakes to the utmost and that a
marked advance in the freight rates may be
looked for.

Henry & Batpwiy, of Wells River, Vt.,
have sold their Granby mill land of 13,000
acres, to T. G. Beattie, of Brunswick, and A. M.
Beattie, of Lancaster, for $4 per acre. The late
owners bought the land, in 1871, for something
less than $1 per acre.

THERE are no changes to note in Detroit
prices ; in fact, the question of price is not put
first. Now, the first inquiry is, Can you fur-
nish the bill? Next, Can you deliver at once?
If the dealer can furnish and deliver at once he
can make a price to suit himself, particularly on
dry stock and large or long dimension stuff.

THE Saginaw lumber market has developed
no noteworthy changes. Appearances begin to
indicate the approach of spring, and some
buyers from eastern points have arrived to look
over the market. I have heard of no sales, and,
so far as learned, no desirable lumber is offering;
in fact, that class of stock is not on the market.
Prices are steady and firm, with prospects of a
very active season.

Hon. Avex. STEWART furnishes the Wausau
Wisconsin with figures on the Season’s log crop
on the Wisconsin and its tributaries as follows :
Upper Wisconsin, 52,750,000; Somo river, 9,-
600,000 ; Tomahawk river, 5,500,000; Willow
river, 5,900,000 ; Spirit river, 6,600,000; Devil
creek, 1,100,000 ; Copper river, 3,100,000 ; New
Wood creek, 8,500,000; Prairie river, 10,000,-
000; Trapp river, 5,700,000; Pine river, 16,-
700,000. Total, 124,475,000 feet.

Ar Milwaukee trade has been very near at a
stand still, owing to the big snow storm, as no
lumber can be shipped at present on account of
our railroad companies refusing to let dealers
have cars before they have got their road clean-
ed from snow so they can again move freight.
Tf this snow storm had not set in they would
now be enjoying a good trade. Stocks are get-
ting badly broken on joist, seantling and timber;
we also hear of a number of dealers being short
on 16-foot fencing.

AN establishment has recently been started
near Mobile, Ala., for the manufacture of furni-
ture from gum. The enterprise will be watched
with much interest, and should it prove success-
ful, others are sure to spring up in various parts
of the country, as it will be a solution to one of
the vexed problems of the day. Since walnut
has become so scarce and high, furniture manu-
facturers have been anxiously hunting for some-
thing to supersede it, and if it be found in gum
it will be a wood at once cheap and abundant.

THE large tract of pine timber land on the
upper waters of the Pere Marquette river in
Lake and Newaygo counties, Michigan, known
as the Waters tract, changed hands recently. It
was owned by H. D. Waters, and contains 4,-
000 acres, from which it is estimated that from
50,000,000 to 100,000,000 feet of pine will be cut.

The purchasers are Messrs. Thompson & Patter-.

son, of New York, and Mesers. Walkup, Fisher

reports, supplies are being sent into the bush so | & Co., of Chicago, who intend making arrange-

ments with some party to build a mill near
Crooked Lake, for the purpose of turning the
timber into lumber and putting it on the
market.

Tue cedar tie trade at Cheboygan thie season
promises to be the most profitable one for
several seasons past. One of the mort extensive
dealers says he is constantly in receipt of letters
making inquiries as to whether they can be had
in that section, These inquiries come from all
sections of the country and show that railroad
matters are booming. Several hundred thou-
sand ties are being got out in that vicinity and
the indieations are that sale could be had for as
many more. The most of those being got out
are already contracted for.

THE contracts made by Chicago dealers for
maple aggregate millions of feet. The demand

for maple flooring has not been met for some

time past, but there is no probability that it |

will be scarce for some time to come, although

) the dry kiln will be for a while called into use. |

That the sales of this kind of flooring for the
present year will exceed those of any two years
past, there is no doubt. At the same price

many prefer it to ash, and the high price of the |

latter will cause it to be looked upon with still
less favor.
A GENTLEMAN, who has recently been travel-

ling through the lumber regions of Georgia and |

Florida, writes to the Lumberman that he never
saw so many vessels on demurrage at the princi-
pal shipping points before. They are prevented
from loading through the inability of the mills
to supply them with cargoes, the long continued

rains having made it impossible for the manu- |

facturers to get the logs to saw. In many cases,
the mules work in water up to their haunches
hauling logs, and after they are hauled, many of
the streams are so full it is dangerous to raft

them.
THE stave market is pretty well cleaned out.

The dealers in Michigan are receiving orders
from Iowa, Wisconsin and Minnesota, that they
are not able to fill. They attribute the scarcity,
partly, to the snow blockade that has kept them
back ; but, from what we learn, it is safe to say
that the stave cut in Indiana has been light this
winter. A firm in Minneapolis that heretofore
would not use an elm stave has just ordered
100,000 from a dealer here, and other firms are
necessarily looking in the same direction. Hoops
are in moderate supply and without change in
prices, except flat, No. 1, which are selling

higher. :
Tue Diamond Match Company is the name of

a corporation recently formed in New Haven,
Conn., which, if all reports concerning it be
true, starts out with the intention of becoming
one of the greatest monopolies in the country.
According to the statements made regarding it,
it has a capital of $2,250,000, something over
one-half of which represents property already
purchased, consisting of 23 match factories in
different places. It is said to be the purpose of
the company to buy up all the factories it can
get and convert the business of making matches
imto a monopoly. To this end it proposes to
limit the production and regulate prices.

A BEAUMONT, Texas, paper says that the de-
mand for lumber at the present time is unprece-
dented in the history of Texas. The only thing
which now prevents the mill men from realizing
immense profits is the lack of cars to carry their
lumber. This defect is being remedied in a
measure ; but there is another matter of intense
interest to them and to that place. The long
continued rain has made the hauling of timber
impossible, and the consequence is that the
supply of logs on hand is short in comparison,
both to the eutting capacity of the mills and the
demand for lumber, and the lumbermen hope
that they will soon be able to ship their stuff
promptly.

From Cadillac, Mich., it is reported that the
bill stuff trade there is beyond all precedent.
Prices for same are at least $1 higher, and
orders hard to place. Dry stock is very much
diminished and nearly all desirable grades are
out of first hands. Stocks are badly broken.
Buyers are plenty. Some manufacturers are
shipping stock barely half dry and putting a
price upon it to cover added freight. Prices are,
of course, very firm. Opinions differ as to the
future. Some dealers are rushing off their stock

i

at quoted prices, ax fast as they c:z et
| anticipation of a drop as soon as t ck
along shore can be reached by ' 12
expects a further advance, unless temporarily
There are 34 per cent, more loge in hereaboute
than at the same date last

THE cut of hardwoods this sea it is
said, will be the largest in the history of the
business, Everybody that can get at a log will
cut it. To thie rule we know of but one excep
tion. Some of the Michigan men are }
their maple in reserve, entertaining the opinion

that, on general principles in the lumber busi-
| ness, rarely comes to the surface, that a few
| years hence there may possibly be a call for
maple flooring. How wise a move it is, a few
years will tell. An extensive pine operator in
}

Michigan recently said to the writer, that

| although his business was a good one so far as
profits are concerned, if he were to sell his mill
property and put the money into standing hard-
a few

woods, he would expect at the end of

years to be the winner.

THe Northwestern Lumberman, under date of
March 16th, says:
mation regarding the state of the lumber busi-
ness throughout the country, and desirous of
finding it in a flourishing condition, will
seriously disappointed in reading the reports
from the points. They
uniformly speak of trade as good ; in some cases
it is characterized as remarkable, considering
that the
atmospheric conditions are, and have been, so
unfavorable for the sale of lumber. The present

Anyone in pnreuit of infor-

not be

various distributing

| the season of the year and the fact

|demand regarding it as a whole, is excellent.
Orders are plenty, and inquiries, which afford
an even better index of the feeling among the
retailers, are received in such numbers that
| owners of lumber yards are beginning to talk
enthusiasticaly of the business that is likely to
be transacted this spring. The indications cer-
tainly point to avery large spring trade, and
most operators are satisfied that the first of it is
| already reaching the points of distribution. The
general report is that almost any quantity of
new buildings have been projected, and their
erection will be begun as soon as the season is
far enough advanced. The expectation on every
hand is that the business of this season will
largely exceed that of last year, or any year, in
fact. The Lumberman does not recall a time in
the entire history of the trade when the confi-
dence in the future was so great, or when the
dealers, at this time in the spring, manifested
such a degree of satisfaction with the business
doing. There seems to be no question, any-
where, but that we are entering upon a season
that will go down in the annals of the lumber
trade as one of the most active and prosperous
for lumbermen ever known.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,
ShippingsGeneral Agents
PORT HOPE.

White Oak and Ash

LUMBER WANTED.

ADDRESS

YATES AND STRATFORD,

BRANTFORB.

b 15

THE CANADA

NOTICE. :

The transferred the
CANADA LUMBERMAN to Messrs. Toker & Co.,
Peterborough, it will in future be published by
them. The facilities possessed by this extensive
and old established house, and the high reputa-
tion of the publishers, should be a guarantee

that the LuMBERMAN will command a prominent

undersigned having

position amongst the leading journals of the
Those who should patronize it are a
The field is

ample, and as the undersigned made the transfer

day.
wealthy and influential class.

above referred to with a view of improving the

LumBerMAN, he feels assured that it “only

requires the combined support of those in whose

interest it is published to ensure it that success

which was anticipated when he first established it.
All sums due for subscriptions must be paid

to Toxrr & Co., or their duly authorized agent.

ALEXANDER BEGG.

February 24, 1881.

The Canada Lumberinan

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :
One copy, one year, in advance.......5...5..... $2 00

One copy, six months, in advance............006 1 00
Advertising Rates ;
ReriinesOMsOMO WEA ery. /ajele!sfols/ersleltl ste nlelalolersieyelelere $0 90
Revglin eretOnistxsMONLOS ie laicinleleltpucisaleteielielaetsteiys 50
Per line, for three months............secerceees 30
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PETERBOROUGH, Ont. APRIL 1, 18S1

OUR WOODS AND FORESTS,

In our introductory editorial of the first
number of this paper issued from this office, we
briefly sketched out the policy in regard to the
conservation and management of our forests,
which we proposed to advocate. We asserted
that the responsibilities attached to this subject
should be dealt with by a separate department
of the Local Government, which might very
properly be called the Bureau of Woods and
Forests.

In comparatively new countries such as ours,
there is a disposition on the part of the general
public to over estimate the areas of timber
lands and the quantity of the industrial woods
upon them. ‘This arises no doubt from the fact
that so long as the required Government
revenue is derived from this source, the diminu-
tion of forest areas by manufacture, by fires and
by other destructive causes excites little atten-
tion. If there is any useful Jesson to be learned
from experience why should we not look for the
causes which have denuded European and other
countries of their timber—investigate their
manner of dealing with the question—and adopt

the best methods which modern intelligence has
brought to bear on the subject? It should be kept
in mind that the prosperity of this country is, in
a great measure, dependant upon the existence
and the activity of the lumber trade—a trade
that in this Dominion of ours gives employment
directly, it is estimated, to 100,000 men and 20, -
000 horses, not to speak of the indirect employ-
ment it gives to manufacturers of woollen goods,
boots and shoes, and other clothing, to axe
factories, foundries and saw manufactories, to
railroads and their employees, to vessels with
their crews, and to a host of others too numer-
ous to particularize. It is none too soon to call
public atte: tion prominently to this, and to
have investigations made to ascertain how long
the forest resources of the country will stand
the present drain upon them It is none too
soon to enquire what industry can be establish-
ed to take the place of this leading factor in
Canada’s present prosperity, when it is ex-
hausted,

So far we have only alluded to the immediate
effect of losing this industry from the want of
the raw material, and the most sanguine do not
pretend that the period of exhaustion will be
extended beyond twenty years. But we propose
to look somewhat further and to ask if the study
and promotion of arboriculture under Govern-
ment auspices is not necessary to protect and
foster even the agricultural interests of the
country. The climatic influences of well distri-
buted forests are only now being understood
and appreciated. The effect they have in in-
fluencing the humidity of the air and soil—in
mitigating the extremes of heat and cold—in
preserving the equitable flow of streams—in re-
tarding too sudden evaporation—in the hygienic
influence upon the population—are not these
matters which should command the attention of
our legislators? We shall endeavor to call
public attention to the subject by showing what
progress other countries have made and the
means they have adopted to repress and replace
the ravages of the ruthless axe-man and the
deadly incendiary.

THE PRODUCTS OF THE FOREST.

One of the eight schedules prepared for use in
the taking of the census of the current year is
devoted entirely to obtaining a return of the
products of the forest for the twelve months
ending the 4th instant, divided under the
following seventeen headings, viz.:—

1. Number of cubic feet of square white
pine.

2. Number of cubic feet of square red pine.

3. Number of cubie feet of square oak.

4. Number of cubic feet of square or sided
tamarac.

5. Number of cubic feet of square birch and
maple.

6. Number of cubic feet of square elm.

7. Number of cubic feet of black walnut.

8. Number of cubic feet of other species of
walnut,

9. Number of cubic feet of hickory.

10. Number of cubic feet of all other kinds of
square or sided timber, including railway ties.

11. Number of *census standard of pine logs.

12. Number of census standard of spruce and
other logs.

18. Number of spars and masts, including
telegraph poles.

14. Number of thousands of staves.

15. Number of cords of lath-wood.

16. Number of cords of tanbark.

17. Number of cords of wood.

*The census standard is 100 feet.

If the enumerators discharge their duty pro-
perly and the ‘‘ getters’ out” of our forest
products exercise a reasonable amount of fore-
thought and care, in giving the information for
which they are to be asked,*much{ valuable
information, will thus be obtained with regard
to this most important product of our Dominion.
We trust that those who can alone furnish the
information asked, will deem it their interest as
well as their duty to take sufficient trouble to
give the facts as they really are and not as they
may estimate them in a haphazard sort of
fashion—a little forethought is all that is
required to do so.

The circulation of the CanaDA LUMBERMAN is
over 2,000 copies, Advertisers should note this,

LUMBERMAN.

CAPITAL OR REVENUE,

The Monetary Times of March 4th, in an
editorial on Provincial railways subsidies has
the following paragraph :—

“‘ A sensible thing to do would have been to
separate receipts, which properly belong to
capital, from those which properly belong to
revenue ; otherwise, when the last acre of Crown
lands is sold and the proceeds spent, an impor-
tant source of revenue will have been dried up.
The Crown lands might reasonably have been
treated as a source of capital, and the net pro-
ceeds derived from them, less perhaps what
comes from timber, formed a fund intended to
be productive when these lands all become pri-
vate property. A reserve of this kind, intended
to meet a deficiency now dimly foreshadowed in
revenue, would have been an intelligable pro-
vision for the future. An accidental surplus
accumulated to-day and liable to be dissipated
to-morrow, is more purposeless and less certain
of permanence.”

While we fully agree in the propriety of
treating the land receipts as capital, we main-
tain that the still more important receipts from
our forests should also be looked upon as capital
—not revenue. Our forests are being rapidly
destroyed and this valuable public property
being thus made away with, it is common sense
to admit that our capital is by so much dininish-
ed. If such asystem were adopted as obtains
in older countries, by which the forests are
perpetually maintained unimpaired, the yearly
produce might then fairly be looked upon and
treated as revenue.

BRITISH COLUMBIA—ITS TIMBER, &c,

That section of British Columbia west of the
Cascades and including Vancouver and Queen
Charlotte Islands, is, according to Professor
Macoun, covered with, probably, one of the
finest forests in the world. Chief amongst the
trees is the Douglas Fir (Abies Douglasii),
which is the chief forest tree, and which is used
throughout the country for building purposes,
and for export in the form of deals and spars.

White Cedar (Thwa gigantea) is another
giant, and in the Valley of the Fraser and up
the coast attains to an immense size. The
Indians use this wood altogether in the con-
struction of their houses, and in building those
large canoes which are the wonder of the eastern
people.

The other trees are a species of Yew, another
of Alder, two species of Fir ( Abies Menziesii
and Grandis) ; two species of Pine (Pinus con-
torta and monticola); two species of Maple
(Acer macrophyllum and circinatum); Hem-
lock Spruce (Abies Mertensiana) is a common
tree on the mainland ; while a species of Oak
(Quercus Gayrrana) is abundant on the Island,
but has not been detected on the continent. An
evergreen tree (Arbutus Menziesii) is quite com-
mon along the coast of the Island, and, both
summer and winter, its foliage contrasts finely
with that of the sombre-hued Douglas Fir.

In the second, or arid district, a Pine (Pinus |

ponderosa) takes the place of the Douglas Fir of
the coast, and is a very valuable tree, growing
to a large size, with clean trunk, and resembling
the red pine of Ontario very much. The tops
of the lower mountains and the sides of the
higher ones support a heavy growth of Douglas
Fir, but it is far from being the beautiful tree
of the coast.

The timber of the third region is not so good,
and consists principally of Poplar and Black
Pine (Pinus contorta) with occasional groves of
Douglas Fir on the higher hills. Black and
White Spruce with a little Balsam Fir make up
the remainder.

The Island of Vancouver is about 300 miles in
length with an average breadth of about 60,
and probably contains 20,000 square miles. The
soil is good, but the surface is so much broken
by rock that it is altogether impessible to tell
the amount of good arable land on the Island.
There is no doubt the day will come when Van-
couver will support a large population—partly
agricultural, and partly engaged in mining,
lumbering and fishing.

Burrard Inlet is situated on the Gulf of
Georgia, a few miles from New Westminster.
It is nine miles long—deep and safe. It is the
port from which the lumber trade is chiefly
carried on, It is very easy of access to vessels

of any size or class, and convenient depth of
water for anchorage may be found in almost
every part of it.

Various species of raspberries, currants, goose-
berries, and blueberries are found throughout
the country. The Oregon grape ( Berberis aqui-
folium and nervosa) extends all the way from
Vancouver to latitude 55° in the interior, and
to Alaska along the coast. Apples and pears of
a very large size are produced in such abund-
ance that the former can hardly be sold at any
price,

LONGFORD.

On Monday, the 14th instant, Mr. William
Thompson, eldest son of Mr. John Thompson,
President and Manager of the Longford Lum-
ber Company, was presented with a valuable
gold chain and locket, from the employees of
the Longford Mills, it being the anniversary of
his twenty-first birthday. Mr. John Thompson
was also at the same time presented with a tray
and elegant silver tea-service and liquor stand,
accompanied by the following addrese from em-
ployees in his mills and shanties. The address
was read by Mr. Stewart, engineer :—

To John Thompson, E3q.,

We, the employees of the Longford Lumber Com-
pany, desire to congratulate you and Mrs. Thompscn
on ycur safe return from your native land, hoping you
have enjoyed yourselves, viewing the scene of your
younger days. No doubt many of them were very dear
to you, and you have met some of yonr relations and
friends, who have drawn around you pleasant memories
of the past. We take this opportunity of tendering to
you our respectful recognition of your many excellent
qualities, which yo have shown in your dealings with
us; your consideration of our faults, your ready
sympathy in our treubles, and the special interest you
take in our welfare, through a period extending from
one to twelve years. We have felt like yourself many
times, despondent at the financial depression prevailing
through our country, in almost every occupation, but
in your line of business particularly. But we are
pleased that now a new era has dawned upon us and
matters look more favorable, and we trust that during
the coming years, you may have prosperity in every
branch of your business, and we can assure you that
anything we can do to make it more successful will be
our delight. We wish to convey to you the esteem in
which you and your family are held by us, and request
you and Mrs. Thompson to accept this present as a
token of our regard for you, hoping that an All Wise
Providence will spare you both to enjoy many happy
years together with your family.

Signed in behalf of the employees,
ie , A. STEWART,

And 85 others

Mr. Maxwell Hall, accountant to the firm,
on presenting the chain and locket to Mr. Wm.
Thompson, read the following address:—

To Mr. Wm. Thompson:

Dear Sir,—We, the employees of the Longford
Lumber Company, felt as this is the aniversary of your
twenty-first birthday, and having the very highest re-
gard for you as the eldest son of our esteemed employer,
would not allow this oceasion to pass unnoticed. We
therefore are delighted to congratulate you on arriving
at you majority,the age at which one is supposed to leave
the days of his boyhood, and reach forward and claim
to be aman. The majority of young men on attaining
manhood have very often to start out in the world with
but small means, this, happily, is not your case, having
at your command a large business in connection with
your father, and having many of those sterling qnali-
ties, which compose the true man, and which we have
all so much admired and respected in you. We can
assure you that we hope you may long be spared to
live a happy and useful life, andin your efforts to make
| your business a success you will have our warmest
sympathies and assistance.

Signed in behalf of the employees,

MAXWELL HALL,
And 30 others.

The addresses were beautifully illuminated,
and embellished with scenes associated with the
life and butiness of a lumberman.

After the presentations, supper was partaken
of in the spacious dining-room of the boarding-
hourse in connection with the mills. The occa-
sion was enjoyed by all present, and demon-
strated the deep feelings of friendship and con-
fidence existing between the employer and
employed. Probably in but few business con-
cerns in Canada, so large as this, does there
exist the same degree of mutual good-will and
cordiality as are to be found at Longford. After
supper the dining-room was cleared and dancing
kept up with great glee until a reasonably early
hour in the morning.

THE average price paid for hemlock bark at
Richmond, Que., is $6.25 per cord.

THE CANADA

BOOMS AND BOOMAGE,

The Municipal Council of the County of
Northumberland, New Brunswick, have passed
a By-law, ordaining :—

1. That the Boom Master of Barnaby River
Boom shall, on or before the 81st day of
December in each and every year, render to a
Committee of three persons appointed by the
shareholders of said Boom, a detailed statement
of all lumber that shall pass through the said
Boom during the season, together with the
amount of boomage collected thereon.

2. That the Boom Master shall be entitled to
receive out of the amount collected, the sum of
$1.00 per day for each day’s actual attendance
at said Boom, and the balance of the boomage
collected shall be distributed by said Committee
among the shareholders in proportion to the
quantity of lumber each may have.

SLIDES AND BOOMS,

From the report of the Minister of Public
Works for the year ending 30th January, 1880,
under the heading ‘“‘ Slides and Booms ” we
have some instructive figures. The Government
slides were constructed to effect the passage of
timber, where impediments to navigation exist.
Works have been constructed on the Saguenay,
St. Maurice, Ottawa, and Trent Rivers and
some of their tributaries. On the former stream
they consist of one slide 5,840 feet in length,
with a boom of 1,344 feet and dams, piers and
bulkhead, The slide takes the timber past the
rapids between Lake St. John and the River
Saguenay. The works extend over a distance
of 60 miles, and oceupied four years in building,
having been begun in 1856 and completed in
1860. The slides and booms on the River St,
Maurice and the Vermilion, one of its tribu-
taries; are met in the order following :—

Stations. Distance from Three

Rivers.

River St. Maurice :—

Booms at mouth of river............ 0 miles,

Cre EM etataieisis Faiciv's ceclee sen seas iG) 2%

SSH AERC AR ceraicinimis)sialeleiaio'elelvie(sieieis cies Doe a

(ehh hIGS Ds ae ao nor nCOCODDOACOODOT 29° s6

qpidemP lesser acto teases selectins 3k «

PVN Ts, 02 38e! SS an ae as anne aGor <<

Plamondon Eddy........... secesese LUG EEE:
River Vermilion :—

Mouth of River. .....cs.scescvevese- HGH Es

ERGQHOIS Hallseeac tcl sieivelss «1c vets H2I fe

The principal tributaries of the River St.
Maurice are the Shawenegan, Mackinak, Mata-
wan, Petit Bostonais, Grand Bostonais, Croche,
Vermilion, Tranche, Grand Pierriche and Man-
ouan, The following works were executed
during the fiscal year :—A new pier was built at
the mouth of the river St. Maurice with the
view of rendering the fastening of the boom
more secure, and the working of the swinging
boom easier. Old piers at this station were re-
paired and raised. At Gres Falls, a new wharf
was built on the site of the one carried away by
last year’s freshet. The old booms were repair-
ed and 800 feet of new ones constructed. The
slide at Shawenegan was completely restored,
the booms repaired and other improvements
made at this station.. A dam measuring 110
feet long and 7 feet high was constructed at
Little Piles, but the water carried it away.
$768.81 were expended during the year at La
Tuque, towards widening by blasting the chan-
nel of the river at the head of the falls. The
Government Works for the descent of timber in
the Ottawa district, include 11 stations on the
Ottawa Main River, 1on the Gatineau, 15 on
the Madawaska, 2 on the Coulonge, 1 on the
Black, 24 on the Petewawa, and 12 0n the Du
Moine. On most of these, more or less work
was, of an improving nature, done during the
year. The booms, piers and slides and all such
portions of the works as are connected with the
lumbering operations on the River Trent at
Chisholm’s Rapids, Ranney’s Falls, Middle
Falls, Heeley’s Falls and Crook’s Rapids, were
transferred to a company formed purposely for
the management and maintenance of those
works, with the right of levying tolls thereon,
at the rate of five shillings per crib, at each of
the slides, except at Chisholm’s and Crook’s
Rapids, where the works constructed do not
facilitate the descent of timber. This rate was
altered by an Order in Council, on the 8th Dec.,
186, fixing the tolls to be levied at Ranney’s
Falls and Heeley’s Falls, at one cent for each
log of 13 feet in length, and a proportionate sum

on pieces of greater length ; and one dollar on
each crib of square timber. The company are
not liable for the renewal of the works, in case
of their failure from decay of materials, or their
destruction by fire, flood or any other cause. It
is their duty to keep an exact account of all
monies collected by them, and to transmit the
same to the Department of Public Works, as
provided by the Orders in Council passed on
the subject. The extraordinary repairs which
from time to time were required have been
executed at the expense of the Government, as
also new works at localities other than those
mentioned, Since the 20th of May, 1879, when
the division of the Public Works Department
into two Departments took place, the charge of
the works connected with the Trent River
navigation has not yet been apportioned between
the two departments to which they respectively
belong, but has been under the control of the
Department of Railways and Canals.

THE TIMBER TRAFFIC AND THE
Q. M. 0. & 0. RAILWAY.

We have no hesitation in affirming that a
feeling of intense disappointment has been
caused here by the failure of the owners of tim-
ber for this market, to’ make arrangements for
shipping it to Quebec by Q.M.O. & O. Railway.
It is well, however, to understand the causes
that have so far prevented the inauguration of
this most desirable tratfic. Merchants having
timber for Quebec, have of course a certain
limit to which they can go in respect of the
price to be paid for shipments. ‘The first part
of the route by rail to be traversed by this tim-
ber is that over the Canada Central Railway
from Pembroke to Aylmer, a distance of rather
less than 100 miles. From Aylmer to Quebec
by Q. M. O. & O. Railway is 280 miles. The
merchants who hava thus far attempted to
bring timber by rail to Quebec, have found that
on the 80 to 100 miles of the Canada Central
Railway, the charge for the carriage of their
freight has amounted to about two cents per ton
per mile, or equivalent to $16 to $18 per car
load for the run to Aylmer. This sum is found
to be about one-half of the merchant’s limit for
shipping timber to Quebec, and consequently it
has so far been necessary to unload the cars in
the vicinity of Ottawa and send the wood to
Quebec by water, owing to the very natural re-
fusal of the management of the Government
railway to convey it over that road 280 miles
for the same figure as the Canada Central
receives for carrying it about a third of the
distance. The management of the Q.M.O. & O.
Railway has, however, offered the lowest
possible terms to the shippers in question, in
order to foster and develope a traffic which is so
urgently demanded in this city. With this
object in view, a proposition has been made to
shippers, looking to the carriage of timber from
Aylmer to Quebec, at something like one in-
stead of two cents per ton per mile, or an
amount not exceeding $19 or $20 per car load
for the whole distance from Aylmer to Quebec.
A less amount would, it is said, entail an
absolute loss upon the management of the Pro-
vineial road, which of course nobody desires.
Mr. Chapleau has occupied himself very largely
during his recent visit to Ottawa, in seeking to
obtain some reduction in the rates of the Canada
Central Railway, and, if possible, to secure
some understanding between the management
of the two roads relative to a similarity of rates.
The Premier is not without hopes of accomplish-
ing his project. The matter rests primarily, of
course, with the Canada Central Railway, and
it is to be hoped the management of this road
will see the advisability of agreeing to such
rates as will enable the Q.M.O. & O. Railway
to assist in the development of this very import-
ant and desirable traffic.—Quebec Chronicle,

The Publishers of the Canapa LumBERMAN
desire to obtain a reliable and well informed
correspondent in every lumbering centre in the
Dominion of Canada, and to that end would
ask those disposed to act as such, to communi-
cate with them at once, stating the facilities they
possess for obtaining reliable, early and full in-
formation as to the lumber trade in their
respective districts, and the renumeration which
they will expect for their services as such
correspondents,

LUMBERMAN.

LOSSES BY FOREST FIRES,

The American Agriculturaliat says :—

“We some time ago stated that the Superin-
tendent of the Census had placed all that relates
to Yorestry, including lumbering, and whatever
concerns forestry as a source of national wealth,
in the hands of Prof. C. 8. Sargent, of the
Arnold Aboretum of Harvard University. How
thorough his investigation would be, those who
know him need not be told,
we may say that his own journeys to the Rocky
Mountains and to the Pacific, as far as the
forests of Washington territory, his employing
of local agents, and the sending of experts to
important localities, have been but a part of his
labors. 'To show how every ramification of the
subject is provided for, we may refer to the

circulars sent out to collect information as to |

forest fires. We often see articles in the journals
lamenting the destruction of our forests by the
demand for railroad ties and fuel; the wanton

waste in clearing for farms, and the rapid des- |
It is believed, by |

truction by lumbermen,
those best able to judge, that the destruction of
our forests by fires, is greater than from all
other causes togother. It is also known that
such fires are annually increasing in number. It
is believed that these fires are mainly due from

avoidable causes, and that proper legislation is |

needed to prevent this useless waste of national
wealth. For proper measures of prevention to
be taken, it is an important point to know just
the extent of the evil, and this it is proposed to
learn by means of the Tenth Census. Prof.
Sargent has prepared a circular to be addressed
to the town officers in all parts of the country
where forest fires may occur. This blank form,
which can be readily filled, asks for the number
of acres, or square miles of forests destroyed by
fire in 1880; the value of the property thus
destroyed; causes generally producing such
fires, and any suggestions relating to the general
subject of forest fires and how they may be pre-
vented or diminished.”

TORONTO AND NIPISSING RAILWAY.

The following statement shows the supply of
saw logs on hand adjacent to the Toronto and
Nipissing Railway, on the 15th March, which
will be supplemented during the spring to make
up the estimated cut of 1881, at the places men-
tioned below :—

Manufacturer. Place. Logs inft. Shipments.
J. E. Gould.....Coboconk.....1,000,000 2,000,000
Capt. Corson. ... Victoria Road. 500,000
A. Washington. . Wy ff 50,000 250,000
J. Graham. cace Gd ce 50,000
McKenzie Bros. .Kirkfield.... . 6,000 500,000
J. McDonald.... SP Reis a's 1,700 150,000
J. Cowie... .... SORE Th orcset en 140,000
J. Roddie ...... Sunderland... 20,000
I. J. Gould .- Uxbridge..... 500,000
WEAN oenee ee ie ay sfelers 75,000
H. Clarke.......Goodwood. ..2,000,000 2,250,000
Bessie Bros.... . ee soe 1,500,000
White Bros..... Stouffville .... 100,000
dai tlhe coo sds Agincourt..... 400,000 30,000
W. A. Milne..... RE 750,000 100,000
J. Ramsden.... Mount Albert. 500 50,000
E. B. Appleton..Vivian........ 3,000 700,000
Ra MeConmacks cue se wn csinicels 4,000 1,500,000
R. & A. Bessie... Ballantrae.... 5,000 1,200,000
W.S. Ramsay...Sutton....... 600,000 800,000

12,415,000 ft.

THE UPPER OTTAWA.

Le Moniteur du Commerce says that the tim-
ber trade is full of hope at present. Latterly
there had been abundant snowfalls on the
Upper Ottawa, which is what the shantymen
required. The cut has been large and snow was
necessary to get the wood out of the forests. It
is believed that the cut of square timber on the
Upper Ottawa will reach 10,000,000 feet. Dur-
ing the last week twenty cars of square timber
have arrived at Ottawa, and as soon as naviga-
tion opens they will be floated down for the
Quebec market. Every day trains of lumber
for the United States leave Ottawa by the
Canada Central, the St. Lawrence & Ottawa,
or the Q.M.O. & O. The opening of navigation
at Ottawa gives promise of a greater activity in
business than has ever been known there before.

A Vast Amount of Information.
THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.—Messrs. Toker &

| Co., of Peterborough, have purchased the above

semi-monthly. The number of March 15th isto
hand and contains a vast amount of interesting
information in regard to the lumber trade. We
have no doubt but that it will prove a success
under the new management.— Whitby Gazette.

In a general way |

9
| PENETANGUISHENE.

A report which appeared in one of the mone
tary journals gave the estimated cut of lumber
in Penetangishene for 180, at six millions. The
figures represent the cut of only one mill, and

not of the mills collectively. Our cut this

says a Correspondent, will not be the full capa-

year,

city of the mills, as our two new mills will not
be prepared for working up to the full capacity
until the following year, The figures, however,
| will be as near as possible as follows: Pene-
| tanguishene Lumber Company, five million ; C.
| Beck & Co., six million ; D. Davidson, three
and a half million; F. MeGibbon, three million,
making an aggregate of seventeen and a half
million, To this may be added a little more for
the cut of Copeland & Marchildar’s mille’ The
timber shipmente over the Northern via Pene
tanguishene will be very large, as the great bulk

of the timber from the north will be shipped on
| the rail at Penetanguishene. A good deal of
outside lumber, too, is expected to go over the
line from mills on the Georgian Bay, and the

wharf accommodation

is € “pected to prove
altogether inadequate for the requirements of the

place.
——————EEaerer

Think While you Read.

The Teacher's Journal, in an article on
methods of study, reminds the student that the
first essential to successful study is the power
of concentration of thought. This power is
largely a matter of habit and cultivation. Read
five pages of history in a lackadaisical manner.

| Close the book and write out all you can remem-

ber. Then compare your production with the
printed matter, and you will be able to judge of
your proficiency. Read five pages more with
fixed attention and a resolution to retain the
subject, and compare as before. You will find
a marked improvement. If your memory is
treacherous read but very little, and always
write out the subject. When you heara sermon
or address, hear it, and afterward reduce it to
writing. Read no novels, and do not read aloud
to please others unless you care (nothing) for the
article yourself. A practiced reader can read
aloud for hours and carry on an indepenpent
train of thought all the time. This ruins the
faculty of study as well asthe memory. Dis-
miss all other subjects but the one in hand. Let
the ear be deaf to all sounds, and the eye blind
to all sights. Let the sense of touch sleep, and
smell and taste be as though they were not. A
lesson learned in this state of mind will stay
with you, and will not need to be ‘‘ crammed”
again the night before examination. It will be
like lines carved deep into the rock, or chiseled
on the Rosetta stone. The other method is the
dim tracing of obscure letters in the sand, which
the next wave obliterates.

Travelling up Stream.

Travelling up stream with no other power
the force of the current seems an impossibility,
and no douht it is so under ordinary circum-
stances ; but a device has been invented for ac-
complishing that result. It consists of a car
having the ordinary flange wheels and intended
to run on rails placed on the edges of a flume,
The power is the water in the flume acting on
two paddle-wheels at either end of the car at-
tached to the axles of the carriage, The force
of the current turns the paddle wheels in an op-
posite direction from its flow as a matter of
course turning the carriage wheels at the same
time and propelling the car up stream. When
it is desired to follow the course of the stream
the paddle wheels are locked so that they can-
not revolve and the carriage is carried down
with the current. All that is required for this
novel railroad is a stream of water passing
through a fiume, the rails on the sides, and the
car with paddles corresponding in shape to the
section of the flume. It is a Californian inven-
tion and its practicability is said to be estab-
lished. A test trial with a working model has
demonstrated the capacity of the carriage to
carry about 8 Tbs. of olad (exclusive of 1ts own
weight) for every inch (miner’s measure) of
water in the flume. A flume of six hundred
inches of water would therefore furnish power
to transport a load of about five thousand
pounds, on any grade from four to twenty inches
to the rod, at a speed of from four to eight
miles an hour; a less grade causing a slower
run,

10

THE CANADA

AMarhet Heports.

Toronto. -
Lumper.—The Journal of Commence says that
a number of shipments of clear and pickings
have been made to the States, and receipts here
are fair. It was generally expected that prices
would he higher at the opening this spring, but,
with the exception of a few kinds of hardwood,

they are unchanged. We quote:
Clear, 1} and upwards................+ $28 00@30 00
Pickings, 1} and upwards...... side olshite iw. 18 00@20 00
Inch, clear ..---. Fig atocoyt Lan ae ern ++.. 18 00@20 00
Shipping culls........ notiecoorhanspenacds 8 50@10 00
XXX 16-inch shingles.,..........e0ee00+ 2 10@ 2 20
WE a noootedempae nod cle nsesiveer geen ueecss 1 25@ 1 35

—_————o-———

Montreal.

Ash, 1 to 4-in, #M...........- +a Senge AI 00@17 00
SIBQUETE 4H Ms esn'e\e\s sfanjels\n\elo)elels]0\e(eie/s)o\< 22 00@25 00
Basswood, §-in, # M.. wai elalcieleistersdete laste 12 00@14 00
sf Lin., Sarin so sidivie .. 15 00@16 00
Black walnut, “culls, OPM riatalters a . 55 00@60 00
s6 "ond quality , eM -- 85 00@90. 00
oe Ist - 100 00@105 00
Cedar, round,. P ft.. 0 08@ 0 10
flat cApbasonce OS 0 08@ 0 10
ce square We seagonagnnaecunagneoans 0 10@ 0 12
Grey elm, Ist quality, @M.. sesee- 20 00@25 00
Rock) <€ oondaAgannons 35 00@40 00
Spruce, 1 to 3in., @M........... seese.. 7 50@ 8 00
«square, BRST C A Aa ch Writ ee 12 00@14 00
eGo sk iqpU Mr pe reretetetelsicjsisteselsyorela¥elsirievsiereree 35 00@40 00
Pine, clear, Ist quality, ROY ASE ele asreea 85 00@40 00
OA MBM Gh din vats te akelat ees 20 00@25 00
ce 3rd nlal sulstatap eeeee. 12 00@15 00

—_\ > ——_

Quebee Sales and Stocks.

We learn from an undoubted authority in
Quebec, that their merchants now in Liverpool
have done a fair amount of business at satisfac-
tory prices in timber, but that deals were difti-
cult of sale and that the business done in them
had been ona limited scale. This success in
Liverpool had led to some little enquiry in
Quebec for square white pine and to the sale of
three rafts. One of these was timber of 1877—
70 feet average and 17 inches girth ; price, 27e.
per square foot. Another raft of 1877, 67 feet
and 17% inches girth, with only from 5 to 6 per
cent., first-class timber in it, price 24c. The
other, a raft of superior Kippewa timber, the
price and particulars of which were not stated.

These sales reduced the unsold timber in
Quebec to three lots, in all 750,000 feet of
square timber, besides about 60,000 feet of
waney timber.

Chicago.

Cuicaco, March 16, 1881.—With a partial
return of more moderate weather, the lumber
trade of this city shows signs of the improve-
ment which has been anticipated by the dealers
and so often predicted in these columns. The
dealers report a demand fully equal to their ex-
pectations and fully up to their ability to supply
in such stock as will bear shipping. <A careful
estimate of the stock of one-inch common boards
and fencing, now in the yards of this city, dis-
closes the fact that of the former there is now on
hand, both of dry and green, of all kinds of
boards below D stock, of No. 1, but 24,224,77
feet, and of No. 2, 10,231,000 feet. This is not
for all lengths a stock equal to a proper propor-
tion of 16 feet lengths in a well adjusted condi-
tion of this market. In fencing strips the
inventory is no more satisfactory, showing but
4 L671, 996 feet of 12 feet lengths, 5,562,930 feet of
14 fee 4 feet, ar and 20,997,000 feet of 16 feet in the No.
1 “grade, and a total for all lengths of 11,172,000
feet of No. 2. Of the quality enumerated, fully
2,000,000 feet had been already sold, reducing
the total yet in the market to about 29,000,000
feet. That this quantity, either of boards or of
fencing, will supply the demands of the market
until such time as navigation shall fully re-
plenish the supply, is out of the question,

A price list meeting of the dealers was held
to-day, at which a few changes only were
thought advisable, or at present imperative.
These were adopted with wnanimity, the only
objection urged against them being from those
who thought higher rates were warranted,
Under the head of box boards, the item C was
advanced from $26 to $28. Fencing flooring was
raised from $15.50 to $16, and 10-foot fencing
from $14.50 to $15. Narrow boards, dressed
and matched, and ship lap, and 10-inch com-
mon, were advanced 50 cents each. Common
and cul boards were raised 50 cents on each
item of the list. In fencing, the No. 1 grade

was advanced 50 cents and No. 2 grades $1.

Dressed pickets were reduced $1, on account of
the course taken by a leading planing-mill firm
with regard to them, and a committee was ap-
pointed to confer with that house, with a view
to harmony. In dimension grades, joist and
scantling, 12 to 18 feet, were advanced to $12;
timber, 4x4 to 8x8, up to 18 feet in length, to
$13 ; 2x4, 18 feet, to $13 ; 10 and 20 feet to $14,
and 20-foot joist and scantling to $17. Extra A
shingles were fixed at $3, and standard A at
$2.90. Oak timber is firmer; butternut is $5
higher ; maple flooring has advanced from $2 to
$3, and walnut, % and 43-inch, 10 inches and up,
select, is quoted $3 higher.—Worthwestern Lum-

berman.
YARD QUOTATIONS—CAR LOTS—DRY.

FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH.
1st, 2d clear, 1, 14 and aa orem acolo aosoe veee $43 00
1st and 2d clear, DUD tera cjcteccte bias wiaisle 45 00
1st and 2d clear, 3 in. 50 00
3d clear, 1}, 14 and 2 in. 38 00
Taangis,ineb clean’. fersyiciniee a \s <isie’enl ocote state teerah 32 00
Select im wt jaar Pre atta. salsa (gelolota oleieaiatelte tote 82 00
Sold nals aigapnodeb ondbodouoccuoosnoblodanur Op itic 22 CO
1 40h Ea) Gah ciou de oe Hed oieibiaeiwiels eras aefasie 26 00
Fan B rin ABs . ci ssterae arereercistohs off i inte fole clasheld 26 00
Clearand'Select 2xa cdc cteles ne se siete eelsmieinntens 28 00
256 BNGOee kansas cjateute pie dup oslapipnsies 32 00

All one length $1 extra.

WAGGON-BOX STUFF.

OFLA UP slot fetal etalel= a|statelnls state ste Motors shdsar #43 00
4-in. and up. B..... apie aialcia leaned) eae aa Gl ol ted 37 00
14-in. and up. C....... sie jsiele lois pista telee 0 \sisincleipicie « 28 00

reece cctimeren cere siese ss tre cate ComuaogD 17 00

All 14 feet $2 extra. '
STOCK BOARDS.
12 in. = LOO GET. ais <ja,enigiajnnie eee Tieis eae mais e+. .837 00
DOT iis Bic Bestedelarscaim sin; a¥eheo(elesteicie rete eeied ate’ + ae area 33 00
12 in. é a ORO Bc AD PONG Un EIS G cic 10, d wate¥elstarel a wie 28 00
12:in: Dy 12, Vian [6iats. ie. nels vinseien cede 17 00
TZ lesietieseeter ae cel ccreiettie.s.rrera ae hares cae vite 19 00
Loins 20iits ot. diets alolaieie\e a's Mm, apt terete BW die salute otaloe 2) 00
LON cAUe So saera (a alata iotainis statcives AAs leslie wxalete aeaeatatete 35 00
LO Ts Din siya steers aelWsiate vie steiner ap etree ee eee 30 00
LOS CO sibied acts shee y: MENG Ei ccls sieraine atelier cn 24 00
- COMMON BOARDS—ROUGH.
Dry.
Common boards, 12 in........ Seuss ste eves es Te TUO
10\and /20itte.... 24.6 ao alacaly Sle chee osecees. 14 00
12, 14, 16 and 18 ft....... alo viele elaidiotdln als cta viet sia ee 13 50
Culls; all Wengen, «freee cae a tee neato nceeee 11 50
1} and 14.com........« Weleidioe (eeisie(resieaves sistas 13 50
TIMBER AND DIMENSION—DRY,
Small timber, 18 ft. and under..........+...0s0¢$
12, 14, 16 and 18 ft. JOUSUcnciivia vieres err °
2x4, 10 and Witorccs owes COVENT TTS eee ee 13
Pare Wal ih ad AR SAS MARR A FA Aer Orige as $11 ee 2 00
20 feet Sere S TEM 0 SRR ATOR Catenin “crete OE Oe CE +. 13 00
22 feet
ZANTE OU terave.eiels foere's elaere ale ebesess.
ZBiFCOT To clalelers cfoiaieisiole fo Jats Wed yo Pokn) aialeferate GERMS oletara
28 feet .
BO TCOUR sain ieloleyn dic’ sisleleibleiohWits:« »/sic!cin sets ana Mere ere
2 in. cull plank, all widths...... . sinvee dedi tees 9 00
2X4 Cull 8; all NOVO aesdeierils «01s ac eelegtania ales oii
2x6 culls, DU Dsl once naopbao aan rcscrae
SHINGLES—16-INCH—DRY—CAR LOTS.

OC Roan ONC OCOOO CLAD GUGNHOOLADOOS cents eee GS 25
Extra A....0 Wee eieietaibiolcks co) aleteefure)claivratointhinistele eves. 3 00
Standard A........05 ssn Unie alelotrarsteielsvisiaieieaislale cae OO
Cedanshin gelesen scteie <ieela)< caesarean $2 00@2 50

Ends of cars and less than car load lots, five cents per
thousand extra. The shingles handled in the Chicago
maaket are all 16-inch,

PICKETS—LATH.

Flat, select and clear, d. and h.........ccecccese $20 00
Square, ELE TIC O tesetate etal ferecisiitioia.s ele Ce tat auane 20 00
Hibtemouph, \SOOds eemiscine snes s soe menamete 15 00
Plat, POUR, COMMON isis eirvipitin' a piu siete ete erate 11 00
Dry }ath..... auS aye piss stares ciace Datel viulwestoss ctuacl 2 25
CEDAR POSTS AND POLES.

Sawed } of 6} in., 7 ft

¢ GOT Rite

27 co Mest

tee nc

+ 8. SEMI. Avis exichateninesuee cated §

+ 9,10, 11 and 12 in., 7 ft. long........ 12 00
: in. a round, full length Maistasie leis defeated wisn rene 12 00

SOM COONO ANH Mirela (tien saree OCU
6 re i eR or ae Cesgereevves 20 00
eae es S Abdo aahAst ou co OU eet!)
8: if§ S Ne MA pneratate) «1,5; <iimpleys uyatievatot anes Tete. et 80 00
10 feet, per inch iniaieseleiuiuivie cle wlemusiyersieralsitinieraticie 6 00
QML) ATES AT, A Matec et acaare nou ete ae 9 00
pt ees SN ig auido vintners atmuarh Rate enreiainie scrum tets 10 00
16s mooi | Srovatbl ura efeteinpinfusatateiatnve oisfetett $11 00@13 50
ZO STERIC. OO ATIOCIN Dn ico or mee i 16 00
——__——____.
Albany.

Quotations at the yards are as follows :—
Pine, clear, ® M... ..848 00@60 00

on

Pine, fourths... --e 43 00@55 00
IPUTIO SELECTS wayraniaite cca euaaiiene mieten 38 00@45 00
PINSHLOOM DOK As tiserecieraie veietien eecewe awe 17 00@28 00
Pine, common box......... isn stunhook 14 O2@I17 00
lobes label esog a) AdoasioaoosGéeae. 38 00@42 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls............08 sees 2L 00@23 00
Pine hoardg MOSM eee c's erie ete seeee. 25 OO@2 00
Pine, 10-in: boards, CUS... eevee ee ek 17 00@1S 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., @M.......... 28 00@00 00
Bine; L2-iniWDOprOse LEGS craic. ses cletees 28 00@00 00
Pine, 12-in, boards, 13 ft........... seeeee 28 0O@O0 00
Pine, 1} in. siding, select....... vaseeeee. 42 00@00 00
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common.... ......++. 18 00@00 00
Pine, l-in. siding, select. .....sessses.e 40 00@00 00
Pine, inch siding, common.... .......... 16 00@00 00
Shingles, shaved, pine.......... aoe 6 00@00 00

2nd quality sees +» 4 50@00 00

Wy extra, sawed, pine..
of clear, @ **

4 25@00 00
3 25@00 00

ze cedar, mixed fore’ creer ick 2 75@00 00
—_——_—____9—__—_—_
Tonawanda,
CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION,
Three wppers...... alales'e oalulejelsie pigieyelsscicisis S88 00@40 00
CommMonniwenwieeees ven cece wun Rivieie scat ce 17 50@19 50

Culls. wees 15 00@17 00

is

LUMBERMAN.

| Oswego, N.Y.

Three uppers....... Wiie'e > 0's + Bho pine alleles > Pao OO@tD..00
Picking ss . «sik. blee- 2A «aba © wee see. B82 00@35 00
Pine, Common...........++: scccecee- oe 20 00@25 00
COMMON. .. 2 aes tile Ha e's > is olp Ihe > Boao .- 14 00@16 00
Gulla: anes (isle. cwiesieasicroen 0 scorvecsee 12 OOM@14 00
Mill run! loteoswp sto > eats corcessercees 16 00@20 00
Sidings, sap he 1 age meaty ate pote aa te i aelFY 30 09@33 00

39 00@38 00

16 00@20 00

selected. . 20 00@25 00

shippers . 15 00@16 00
Mill run, 1 and 1} inch strips. Roivip .++ 15 00@18 00
Cnils, selected sonee Tus og Bad pice ve «.-.. 22 00@30 00
CUMS raise thes sepicsiria ejaisiaipolniags ciimiaips's slspic 11 00@13 00
1x6 selected for clapboards...... seesee.. 24 0035 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, pine............ 3 50@ 3 75
XXX, 18 inch, cedar....... ecocesee 3 00@ 3 50
TAG sip aisinie oleic SABEHER EAD Or Gaya 1 50@ 175
—————
Buffalo.

We quote cargo lots:
Uppers........ a's aiepie'e - $35 00@40 00
Commons s' sbktenls 5 - 16 00@19 00
Cullae. tate) ee Miia 11 00@12 00
Dressing stocks. . “6 . 18 00@20 00
Dressing Sidings). .22.52..0sbers csaat ee 17 W@19 00

The English Wood Market.

James Smith & Co’s Liverpool wood circular
of March Ist, says :—

The arrivals since our last have been 22
vessels, 13,482 tons, against 12 vessels, 9,779
tons in a corresponding period last year, and 15
vessels, 12,995 tons in 1879.

FROM 26TH JANUARY TO 28TH FEBRUARY, 1881.

shipment, contracts have been made at from
5s.@10s. per standard below last spring prices,
say £6 17s. 6d.@£7 for Miramichi, £6 los. for
Shediac, and £6 5s. for other inferior shipments,
all cost, freight and insurance. The stock of
pine deals is light, but the demand is poor, and
there will be quite sufficient for the require-
ments until fresh arrivals come in. Quebec
pine deals have been in light demand, consump-
tion having reached but 437 standards, against
1,650 standards at same time last year and the
stock remains very heavy, viz.: 10,088 standards
against 4,033 standards; sales have been by
private only. Quebec pipe and West India
staves are now in fair request, but no sales are
reported. Palings and lath-wood are quiet,
and no sales have been reported.

——_—__-_->- ——

Irish Markets.

The Irish Times says that there is a better
tone in the timber market this week, though
but little actual improvement in business can be
recorded. The transactions in timber are con-
fined to the supply of urgent wants for immedi-
ate consumption, save in a few exceptional cases
where merchants in the country, knowing that
with any increased demand prices will be higher,
have taken advantage of the present low rates
to buy some stock for future requirements. The
disposition of holders, however, is not to look
far ahead at current prices :—

St. John and Miramichi deals ....... seeee- £14 108@15
| Ist Quebec deals..........-+++- capamapeaaed £18@22
2nd do SIE ESE? eres 10
3rd OD- s0ib 8. eileen heeccnhe.e seus nee £13 10s@14
4th On 2 on 00 sno n> anne} sees £13
White Norway flooring, 7x1...... ceocewee «eee-.- lls 6d
ORK iiccce. Sa scccvce deenee o+ \wespwe=uesn omen £7 108

Yellow pine. .
Board pine.
Pitch pine.......
Memel, fur sized. . .

do under SivAds..cieccens 0550 amen

THE capacity of Beatty’s mill, Parry Sound,
Ont., will be nearly doubled for this season’s
work.

Vessels, Tons.

Quebec: cclicicsietenis ance Seperate 1 921
St..dohn, N. Bi, /&Cteesss, iso hace 4 3,734
United States......... Shnooa-s 13 7,563
Baltio?.. 18. See ite eden: ae 4 1,264
MOUs sisiapia ous sin 8's winnm oral ms 22 13,481
FROM 267TH JANUARY TO 28TH FEBRUARY, 1880.

Vessels. Tons

QUIEKEC aise aaa ote eteraereta sie side ete Nil.
St. John, N.B., &e. Bias uaaigite hatx 6

Wnited. Stateds ciid>ctem, nants ene 1 1,154
ESMUDIC ay ci cesaiiieae’ea ya bin cinrate imate 5 1,580
SOA waiinials atalsiele cats ae 12 9,779 |
|

FROM 25TH JANUARY TO 27TH FEBRUARY, 1879.
Vessela. Tons.

QUEDEG. «nas ccesses welch une Pelnalel anaes Nil.
St. John, N_B., ‘ke SyWia(ay'm ais ah olsiatt 7 6,483
United States......ccsseeses Jas 6 5,512
Baltic. > ssiven apie ots gn vhao'eaed 2 1,000 |
otal sti des na tiesbeekes. 15 12,995

The demand in the wood trade continues
sluggish, so that little change takes place in the
stocks, and if this continues there will be more
than ample supplies until the new import comes |
in. Sales on contract are very difficult to make,
and lower prices are being accepted by shippers;
this applies more especially to spruce deals and |
pitch pine. Quebec woods may be said to fully |
maintain the rates demanded by shippers. |
Freights continue low and without change,
although there are not somany vessels offering |
at the moment. Money is easy, and the Bank
of England reduced the rate of discount on the
17th February to 3 per cent.

CotontaL Woops-—The import of yellow
pine consists of 56,000 feet, against 25,000 feet |
last year. The consumption has slightly fallen
off, and the stock is consequently still heavy.
Sales have been entirely of a retail character, as
the fresh arrival consists of a derelict cargo just
received, which is on timber merchants’ account.
Red pine has improved in consumption during
the month, but the stock is considerably heavier
than that of last year. There are no sales re-
ported. Elm—The fresh arrival consists of 2,- |
080 feet, and the consumption has been 3,000
feet, against 2,000 feet last February ; the stock
is rather heavy, but with the improved con-
sumption it may not be considered excessive. |
Oak—The consumption has fallen off very con-
siderably ; the stock consists of 476,000 feet ;
the sales have been by retail only. Black wal-
nut is in fair demand, and sales have been made
during the month at from 5s. to ds. 9d. per |
cubic foot, averaging about 5s. 4d. per foot. |
Birch has been in better demand, and the stock
has been considerably reduced, consisting now |
of 207,000 feet, against 153,000 feet; a fresh |
arrival of 724 logs, ex-Keewaydin, from St.
John, was offered at auction, and realized from
144d.@23hd., averaging 163d. per foot. NB. |
& N.S. spruce deals :—There is no falling off in
consumption for the month as compared with
the same time last year, but the stock is still
8,000 standards more, and prices have still;
further given way ; the sales during the month
have been by private only, say £6 16s. 6d. for |
Sheet Harbor, £7 1s. 8d. for Halifax, and £7
2s. 6d. for St. John, and for the new season

}

| shingles, &e.

b15

Advertisements,
_ Wanted.

A SECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER ; also a LATH
MACHINE, both in good repair. Reply stating lowest
cash terms or particulars to Box 1002, Peterborough. 110

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and COMPLETE
CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteen
foct head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough. 110

Reid & Co.,

WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS. Lumber, lath,

Car lots to suit aa Best

in the market at from 36 to $7 per M
Orrick oN Dock.—Esplande, foot of Shelbourne
Street, Toronto bis

‘Hardwood Timber Land

FOR SALE,
FOR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWOOD TIMBER
| LAND near Nipissing Railway, Coboconk, Easy terms.
OSHAWA CABINET CO., Oshawa. bi3

Timber Limits for Sale.

SEVERAL MOST VALUABLE TIMBER LIMITS on
North Shore of Lake Huron, © «foe if,-"**

For particulars apply to THOS. SHO! TISS, Imperial
Bank Building, Toronto. _ iz

Situation Wanted.

A Book-keeper of first-class experience desires a situ-
ation with a lumber firm. An opportunity of acquiring
knowledge of the lumber trade more of an object than
the amount of salary. Unexceptional references both

as to character and ability.
b15 Apply to the Editor of Tas CaNapa LUMBERMAN.

The Stewart House,

Headquarters of Lumbermen in Peterborough, corner
of Hunter and Water Streets. G accommodation.
| Terms, $1 per day. Free “bus at trains. 4

T. CAVANAGH, Proprietor.

BE. S. VINDIN,

Commission. Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. ill

tC = ss Ye

wm

A

Allandale Junction Hotel

Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 minutes
by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals. Tea and
coffee at counter. Fine brands of Liquors and choice
Cigars. ~bl7 E. 8S. MEEKING, Proprietor.

Orillia House,

ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north of
Toronto ; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free ’bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprictors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Halli,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE, Proprietor.

St. Louis Hotel.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, whichis unrivalled for size, style and
locality in Quebec, is open throughout the year for
pleasure and business travel. b18

Queen’s Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE. .

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) haying lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free’bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHUBREST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find “Fraser's” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free "bus to and from trains and

steamboats. b26
New Files “T1) Old Files
Manufactured | = RECUT
from the BEST aa BY HAND, and
English Cast EQUAL TO

Steel and War-
ranted equal
-to the Best Im-
ported File.

NEW FOR USE

' PRICE LIST
on application.

M7
op

THOS. GRAHAM, Manufacturer,

35 Sherbourne St., Toronto. 6L11

M. BRENNEN,

MANUFACTURER AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Lumber, Lath and Shingles,
63, 65 and 67 King William Street,
Pew TOM, OWT

MILLS AND TIMBER LIMITS AT SILVER
CREEK, TIAGO P. O., ONT.

Bill Stuff cut from 10 to 60 feet.
Posts on hand.

Orders sent to M. BRENNEN, Tiago, P. O., will
receive prompt attention 1)

Cedar

Send for Illustrated Circulars, naming THE CANADA
LUMBERMAN,

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

The Largest Manufacturers of

HEET IRON ROOFING s.:n.:.s

IN THE UNITED STATES.

Can give the Best of References in

every State and Territory.

“POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP’Y,

101, 103 and 105 West Front Street,
CINCINNATI.

All Kinds of CORRUGATED IRON Furnished,

12.11

KERR BROS.

PRACTICAL

FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS,

And MILLWRIGHTS.

Manufacturers of Marine and Horizontal
and Portable Engines, Boilers, Grain
Elevators and Steam Hoists, Saw and
Flour Mill Machinery, ;

with latest improvements, a specialty.

The Abel Edward’s Centennial Turbine
Water Wheel. .

Rodebaugh’s Saw Frame, Mill Dogs and
Saw Guides.

Water-works, the latest and most
improved, made to Order.

Light and Heavy Brass and fron Castings

Plans and Specifications on application.

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., Dec., 1880.

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA.
JAS. A. GOUIN, - - PROPRIETOR,

Is the Favourite Resort of Leading Public
men of the Dominien attending the
annual Session of Parliament. ~

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Parlia
ment, Public Officials, as well as those having business
with the various Departments of the Government. It
is also the headquarters of those having dealings with
the princely Lumber Manufacturers in the Great Pine
Valley, of which Ottawa is the acknowledged centre.

THE RussEL House being central, almost abutting on
the magnificant PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL BUILD-
incG—the pride of the Country—is thus conveniently
situated for those visiting the City on public business.
But the location is also everything that could be desired
alike for the man of business and the man of pleasure.
A few minutes walk brings the guest of the Hotel with-
in reach, not only of all the principal business resorts,
but also of the most splendid Mountain and Valley
Scenery that can be seen anywhere, as also of the two
almost unrivalled Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau
—and of the extensive Manufacturing Establishments
and Depots of the leading Lumberman. But, besides
the beautiful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, in-
cludes the magnificant Ottawa and two of its grand
tributaries—the Rideau and Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar-
ently never-ending woods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be obtained
on the Continent.

Tue Russet House affords excellent accommodation
for 300 guests ; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and
nothing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
fortably ‘‘ at home.”

j2fF Ormnibusses meet the Arrival of
every Train and Boat. b26

Hotel Ottawa,

No. 21 North Side King Square,

TO IN ANT 2 SES.
E. COSMAN, PROPRIETOR.

Terms $1.00 to $1.50 per day.

b15

13

JAMES HADDEN,

and Dressed Stuff.
Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.

b26

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

CHAS. M. LARSEN,

Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacquered and Enameled

Woodwork, Turning and Carving in

WOOD, HORN AND IVORY.

BILLIARD BALLS

Turned and coloured a speciality.
fz MEERCHAUM and AMBER GOODS repaired in
first-class style. b17

77% King St. West, Toronto, Ont.

SOME REASONS why they are the best: —

1st.—No Elastic requied.

2nd.—Is slack when stooping.

8rd—It never slips off the shoulders.
4th.—Sold at prices of common suspenders,

Manufactured by 0. E. RAMAGE « OC.

b14

20 Queen St. East, Toronto.

SAW GUIDE!

Self Oiling—Ready Adjusting.

i
fll
a

tant

qi
ml

__ G. W. Rodebaugh’s patent Saw Guide will recommend
itself to every practical sawer. All that is required is
a trial.

No heating of Saws. No danger in setting. Trial
free of charge. #&#The whole complete only $25.
Manufactured in Canada by

KERR BROS., Walkerville, Ont.

who may be applied to for further particulars; or
address :

G. W. RODEBAUGH & CO.,

bl15 WINDSOR, ONT.

EES

S.

| superiority consists of its excellent temper.

R. WARREN & SON,

Church Organ Builders.

Specifications and all information promptl)
on application.

Factory and Warerooms :
Corner Ontario and Wellesley Streets
TORONTO, ONT.

427 You are particularly requested, in ordering
mention this paper

THE GENUINE SILVER-STEEL,
Lance Tooth

CROSS-CUT SAW!

ROC ISTERED
TRADE MAW

_——

|
i
|

WAI

It stands without a rival, and is the fastest
in the world. It has beaten the best C
American made saws 334 per cent in every contest
Itist
pered under the secret Chemical Process, which tou
and refines the steel. It givesa finer and keener cut
edge, and will hold it twice as long as any other proces
We have the sole right for this process for the Dominion
of Canada.

None genuine that are not like the above cut, wit!
registered trade mark with the word ‘‘ The Lance,” and
Maple Leaf with our name. Price $1 per foot.

CattTion.—Beware of Counterfeits. There are ir
ferior counterfeits on the market, which are intended
to be sold at a high price upon the reputation of this
saw. We willsend to any address a saw exactly lik;
any counterfeit, warranted equal in quality or no sale,
at 60c. per foot. Therefore do not be humbugged int
paying a first-class price for a second-class saw. A
fact to bear in mind is that if the material and temper
are not of the very best quality the shape of the teetl
amounts nothing. A saw, like a knive, will not cut
fast without it will hold a keen, cutting We have
cut off a 14-inch sound basswood log in eight seconds
with this saw. Manufactured only by

SHURLY & DIETRICH,

Straw

Manufacturers of Saws, Plastering Trowels,

Knives, &c. &c.

GALT, ONTARIO.

W.H. STOREY & SON..

ACTON, ONTARIO,
GLOVE MANUFACTURERS.

The best description of GLOVES and MITTS in every
variety of material and style manufactured by us. b15

bls

STOREYS “EUREKA”

SPRING GLOVE FASTENER, PATS

THE CANADA

This cu- is a simile of Package.

i is o é
th
rei) sie Na

The greatest tribute to its extraordinary merits is,
that it was awarded First Prize and Diploma at

Toronto Exhibition, 1880.
‘

Hamilton ee
London ae Li}
Montreal se ge

over all other yeasts.
TRY IT, AND BE CONVINCED.

Ask your Grocer for it, or send direct to the factory.
PEARL YEAST COMPANY, 39 Front Street, To-
ronto, Box 1264, b15

Irish Canadian Office.
Toronto, Feb. 21st, 1881.
Mr. F. CRuMPTON,

Dear Sir,—The watch I purchas-
ed from you some time ago, has
given perfect satisfaction, and I
am much pleased with it, and can
cordially recommend any person
in need of a watch or anything in
the jewelry line, to deal at your
store. Yours very truly,

PATRICK BOYLE,
Proprietor Irish Canadian
U.- —_—-

Send for our new price list of
Watches, Diamonds, Silverware,
Jewellery, &c., sent post prepaid
on application. Goods sent C. O.

ay. D. toany part of Canada. We have
dozens of testimonials similar to
Ih the above, plainly show-
\ ing that 83 King St. East
is the place to buy your

goods.

F. CRUMETON,
83 King Street East,
TORONTO. b380

ok

SUM OATS

We are Prepared to Supply

LUMBER
IERCHANTS

WITH

READY-MADE

CLOTHING

(BSraaliaes Peles
FURNISHINGS

Blankets, &c.

In such Quantities as may be
required at CLOSE

Wholesale Prices

EO ReG AS FA -

LILLY & GUY.

GOLDEN GRIFFIN,

{28 to 132, King Street East,

» TORONTO.

LUMBERMAN.

OTTON & BRO.

HEADQUARTERS FOR = i

LUMBERMEN'S SUPPLIES”

SIAM iS Loy 2S)
Shingle Bands, Tinware & Household Furnishings

6L10

In Large or Small Quantities, at Wholesale Rates.

OTTON & BRO., Dunlop St., BARRIE, ONT.
WHITES CANADA STANDARD

MANUFACTURED AT

The Canada Scale Works |!

These Scales are Manufactured of the Very
» Best Material, and warranted to give satisfac-
2 tion. Send for Prices and Testimonials.

JAMES C. WHITE & CO.

b15 102 Adelaide St. East, Toronto

To ENGINEERS

Saw Millers, &c.

Rea Ss Ese

Hancock Inspiraorg

Is undeniably the BEST BOILER FEEDER &
IN THE WORLD. Can be operated while
the Engine is at rest. All sizes will lift
water Twenty-five Feet, at comparatively
high and low Temperatnre.

17,000 of them Now in Use!

Manufactured under license by

Stevens, Turner & Burns

LONDON, ONTARIO.

JOHN DOTY “7H THE TOMLINSON

Esplande Street, Toronto.

BARREL WACHINE

/ One man and two boys can turn out

|One Hundred and Fifty First-class
Flour Barrels in Ten Hours,

made from veneered wood of two thicknesses. The
inside is one solid sheet of veneer running around the
barrel, making in reality one hoop from top to bottom,
and in the outside thickness the grain is reversed, run-
ning up and down, finished with five hoops two inches
wide, reversed again, making the barrel almost three
thicknesses, which gives the package superior strength,
tightness and durability over the ordinary hand-made
| flour barrels, yet with all its many advantages cost Tess
than the old style of package. My barrel machine is
arranged to make all sized packages froma lange barrel
down to small nail kegs, butter packages and cheese
| boxes. Iam open to prove at any time the superior
| strength of my barrel. That one will stand more hard-
| ship by any actual test than one hundred of the old
| ordinary flour barrels. County rights for sale, and all
} information given by applying to

JAMES TOMLINSON, Patentee,

118 KING ST. EAST, TORONTO.

MANUFACTURER OF

MARINE ENGINES,

bl4 MARINE BOILERS, |
Propeller Wheels and Steam Yachts |

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

MATTHEW GUY,

MANUFACTURER OF

Carriages, Waggons, Buggies,

Steir tars SOR TD.

gee Jobbing and Repairing Punciually Attended to.

p13 103 and 105 Queen Street East, Toronto.

Specialties : SLINDAA Specialties :
ANDERSON'S VALVOLINE
x YY fl gf ‘For Lubricating
x = yr Steam Cylinders
be: Se. 4 w It leaves no

Deposit, and
Preserves

MACHINE Wa\

OILS.

These Oils are justly pronounced by Competent Judges

The Best Value’in the Market!

A LARGE STOCK OF ALL KINDS OF

MACHINE OILS AT THE LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES.

CONSTANTLY ON HAND.

JOHN FISKEN & CO. ACENTS,) ISAAC ANDERSON.
J ; bl.

23 Scott Street, Toronto.

the Metal.

LEE LEO
=

TORONTO SCALE WORKS!
C. WILSON & SON, Proprietors.
Oldest Scale Works in Canada. Established over Thirty Years.

Cheese Factory Scales.
Counter Scales.
Grocer Seales.

Butcher Seales.

Dormant Scales.

Hopper Scales.
Platform Scales.
Dairy Scales.

Hay Scales.
Coal Seales.
Cattle Scales.
Flour Packers.

ZS This Scales have received 29 FIRST PRIZES, MEDAL and
GOVERNOR GENERAL'S DIPLOMA,

45 ESPLANADE STREET, EO EOIN LO
b13

Send for Illustrated Catalogue.

Champion Portable Saw Mills

IN WHEELS.
write mtario, June 17, 1279, regarding his

Or
er Cham
1

CLOTHING
LUMBERMEN

Will Save Time and Money by going direct to the

GOLDEN GRIFFIN

WHEN IN THE CITY T0 PURCHASE THEIR CLOTHING.
Men’s Tweed Suits - - $7 50 to $16 50
Men’s Worsted Suits - - 7 50 to 21 50
Men’s Overcoats - - - - 5 00 to 16 50

All our Clothing is Cut and Made on the Premises, by first
class competent Workmen, and quite equal to Ordered Clothing

NOTE THE ADDRESS:

PETLEY & COMPANY

GOLDEN GRIFFIN,
128, 180 and 182 King Street East, Toronto, Ont. »s

G. B. MEADOWS,

MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN
Lumbermens Supplres,

Hotel and General House Furnishing Goods, Cooking Ranges and Stoves.

HOT AIR FURNACHS,. &e.

Wholesale Dealer in Tinware, Sheet, Copper & Brass Goods, Coal Oil and Lamp Goods.
pa=CONTRACTOR FOR BUILDERS’ JOB WORK.

DUNLOP STREET, Cor. Railway Square, BARRIE, ONT.

14 | THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

MACHINERY OILS!

TO DEALERS & CONSUMERS.

pus ‘[IQ 10jseQ spenby
SNIAZ1O MOOLS

STOCK OLEVNIE,
W arranted not to Gum,

“uIM ey OF you} peyUBVdIIBVE AA

It will give the subscriber much pleasure to forward, post free, to any address, on application,
- a pamphlet, containing instruction and information that have been found of the greatest practi-
cal use to dealers and consumers of machinery oilin Canada. It contains the fullest information
as to the different kinds of oils, their qualities and uses, thus enabling the consumer to make
choice of the very oil best adapted to his wants, and also enables the merchant to select the kinds |
most likely’to be in demand in his neighborhood. The pamphlet shows conclusively that oils |
properly manufactured from petroleum, are vastly superior to any animal or vegetable oil. I am |
now making the same qualities of ‘* Bxtra” and “XX” oils 1 manufactured from 1870 to 1873. |
They are guaranteed not to thicken with extreme cold, and warranted to give satisfaction In every |
particular. Beware of Agents soliciting your orders without my trade-marked order-book,

bl Address GEO. B. STOCK, P. 0. Box 1146, Toronto.
MUSKOKA DISTRICT.

LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES.

To meet the demands of the Lumbermen in this District, 1 have opened outa

Wholesale Supply Depot at Bracebridge,

WHERE EVERYTHING IN THE SHAPE OF

W>Lumbermen’s Supplies and Furnishings

CAN BE OBTAINED IN LARGE OR SMALL QUANTITIES, AT WHOLESALE RATES.
Outside quotations or Correspondence solicited.

HiW wJ RRR...
NATIONAL MANUFACTURING COMP’'Y

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

x

ANS
.
\

manufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and
military Encampments, with or without extra roofs, all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped,
Mildew proof or plain, Prices from $5, upwards, Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP
EP TP BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent-
== ed; size when folded 2 x 6 in.; 3 feet long, weighing
—£ only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the
Sé weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-
covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises.
7E&SSpecial rates to Lumbermen, Send for cata-
logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,,

DOMINION BELT and HOSE COMPANY

AMES D. McARTHUR - - - Manager.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting’!

FIRE ENGINE HOSE, LACE, LEATHER,
OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, ETC., ETC.

STITCHED AND RIBBED BELTING MADE TO ORDER.
say7-Double Always in Stock. Send for Samples and Prices=@g

nos 42 FRONT STREET EAST, TORONTO.

HEE

FOR READY-MADE CLOTHING

This House stands at the head, baving manufactnred Clothing in Toronto for over Forty Years,
and always gave satisfaction to customers. @@-THEY IMPORT THEIR OWN WOOLLENS
FROM EUROPE, and,Manufacture the Clothing on the premises.

1

GENTS’ ALL WOOL SUITS, $7.50, $9.00 and $12.00
GENTS’ FINE WORSTED SUITS, $11.75, $15.00 and $18.00
GENTS’ SHIRTS, UNDERCLOTHING, TIES and GLOVES

R. WALKER & SONS,

GOLDEN LION, KING STREET, TORONTO, b19

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

| The Bell Organs;have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Meda!)
| at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
and_American makers. This along with the unlimited awards, prove that
ri

BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD!

TePeK PION puy

BLBL “XH [elaysnpuy’ ‘uesZ19 1O[1eVg 10j jepoy AlUO

.Provincial Exhibition, 187
BLA “XM. [eouyAorg ‘uesIO IO[Avg A0J [Bpoyw ATUO

.Centennial Exhibition, 1876

International Medal & Diploma, Sydney, Aus. 187

WH RHCHIV HD
CEA THORS HA

c
m
os <
ah ed 5
gg &
20
B 2 >
AA a
3 5
a 3
aa -s
oD
® oOo —— fen)
ae a z re)

The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British nl) and the fact that
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market. @®"We guarantee all our
Organs for five years. Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catalogue mailed free.

ote WS alee

— ee

p27 202 Sparks Street, Ottawa

ee

b16i, ae ae ac

_ 0 FAs
41 to 47 East Market Square, GUELPH, ONT.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, 15

LUMBERMEN’S STATIONERY!

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber
Shanties and Offices at City prices.

Shanty Settlements Office Letterheads
Shanty Orders Office Noteheads

Shanty Receipts Office Envelopes

Shanty Time Books Office Cards

Shanty Log Books Office Notes

Shanty Reports Office Drafts

Shanty Ledgers Office Orders

Shanty Cash Books Office Receipts

Shanty Drive Books Office Blank Books
Shanty Way Bills Office Ship Account Books

And everything necessary to a complete office outfit.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices,
Book-Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.
Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

TOKER & CO,

“THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”

PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO

16 THE CANADA

I. Covel's Latest Improved

LUMBERMAN,

Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW
STEAM FEED!

I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam
Feed, having put inseveral which are givin” the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
WM. HAMILTON, Fsq., Peterborough.

DEAR SIR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it is admitted by every person who has seén it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since [ put it into my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more

MILL MACHINERY!

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for all
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Cireulars
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
ing logs into Saw. Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a@ first
class Gabg or VUircular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for “ross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &e.

Horizontal Engines and Boilers

CORLISS

lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.
Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

TORONTO, August 11th, 1880.
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.

DEAR SIR—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly. Yours, &c., E = - = ——=

Where economy of fuel Is the great consideration, along
= with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
y= _— justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finisb
on this Engine wiil’be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour, 110

WILLIAM aoe

- PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

E. i. DIXON & CO.

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BELTING

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .............. Ottawa, 1875
First Prize, Provincial Exhibition........... Hamilton, 1876
First Prize, Provincial Exhibition.............. London, 1877
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition............ - Toronto, 1879

First Prize, Industrial Exhibition .............. Toronto, 1880
International Medal, Centennial Ex,....,. Philadelphia, 1876

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.

81 Colborne Street, Toronto

wok Sune. a ace wa

The QUEEN'S HOTEL, TORONTO, CANADA

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.

72S Patronized by Royalty and the best families.

Prices graduated according to rooms, bl17

Carriage & Waggon Works

No. 17, ALICE STREET, TORONTO.

J. BP. SD, dob wee

(Successor to the late JOHN WEBSTER)

MANUFACTURER
OF FIRST-CLASS

CARRIAGES &

In the latest style. Superior material used in all branches.

se@=-A// Orders Promptly attended to.
PRICES TO SUIT THE TIMES. bls

WaGGoNs
AS) suBIGHS.

All work warranted for one year.

Special Attention paid to Repairing.

American Hotel, Corner Young & Front Sts.,
TORONTO, ONT.

Fin iita
vi THEVA, 5

Newly and elegantly furnished throughout. Contains one hundred rooms, and under it the new

management is first- class in all its appointments, at moderate rates.
Free omnibuses to and from all trains.

O. T. ATWOOD, of New York, and W. R. BINGHAM, of Bradford, Ont., Proprietors, 20

.

: i
wai A

(min Tr tit ; LLLTTPeeeg
oe GA

PUBLISHED }
SEMI-MONTHLY. f

VOL. 1.
FORESTRY/'AND ARBORICULTURE.

BEING THE FOURTH CHAPTER OF THE REPORT OF
THE ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COMMISSION.

Economic Uses of Woods.

While pine has, in everybody’s mind, a cer-
tain recognized market value, other woods are
often regarded, or at all events treated, as
though they were all but worthless, or, if
marketed, handled and disposed of with little
practical intelligence. Since the sittings for
taking oral evidence closed, the Commissioners
—impressed with the importance of the subject
—have put themselves in communication with
Messrs. John Oliver & Co., of Toronto, a firm
referred to by Mr. Hay in his evidence as large
dealers in hardwood lumber. Messrs. Oliver &
Co. have been good enough to supply the Com-
missioners with a considerable amount of addi-
tional information, and their statement will be
referred to in the Report.

The value of timber in an economical sense,
must of course depend on the purposes to which
its several varieties can be profitably adapted.
The principal uses, in general terms, of Cana-
dian forest woods, exclusive of pine, are as
follows :—

Tue Exru.—‘‘ Rock Elm,” says Mr. Hay,
““we don’t use except for building purposes.
Soft elm makes a better seat for chairs than
basswood.” Carriage making, heads of barrels,
and hubs of waggons, and agricultural imple-
ments, are also mentioned as utilizing elm in
considerable quantities. Other classes of elm
are in limited demand, but chiefly used for the
manufacture of common furniture.

Tre AsH.—Of the white ash Mr. Hay says:

“White ash is a very valuable wood, and
makes excellent bedroom furniture. It may be
used for house fittings. A good many offices
are now fitted up with hardwood, and also rail-
way carriages. Ash is used largely by carriage
builders. There is no wood will stand like ash
in that respect ; itis next to mahogany. It isa
shame to see our yaluable wood cut down and
wasted as it is and has been.”

The ash is now being used to a very consider-
able extent in the construction of the interiors
of railway passenger cars. Bent stuff for tools,
azricultural implements, hay-forks, hoe and
broom handles are also manufactured from ash,
The use of ash, for the internal fittings of build-
ings, alluded to by Mr. Hay, as practicable, has
aceording to some other reports been pretty ex-
tensively adopted. Mr. Beadle, referring to his
own experience, says :—

“When building my own house I found I
could obtain chestnut and ash wood as cheap as,
or cheaper than first-class pine, and I used
them. I think they are much more handsome
than painted wood work.”

Black Ash is more plentiful, but its uses are
limited.

Tue Marie,—Mr, Hay says of the use of

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

{ SUBSCRIPTION

2.00 PER AN}

YOM

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., APRIL 15, 1881.

maple. in his business (furniture manufactur-
ing): ‘‘You can get any quantity of the hard
maple, but it is the soft maple that is the most
valuable. It is the more valuable for furniture
as it stands better and does not warp. Soft
maple is not so plentiful as hard.”

In the United Counties, soft maple is some-
times used for house-flooring ; it is also in some
demand by agricultural implement manufac-

turers.
Mr. W. C. Caldwell, M.P.P., of Lanark

Village, says :—‘‘ Hard maple is used for wag-
gon axletrees, as well as several other purposes.
I had an order for some from Manitoba, but
could not supply it in time.” Maple has also,
according to one report, been used for paper
pulp making.

THE Oak.—Oak is used for a variety of pur-
poses, the manufacture of barrel staves being
one of the largest causes of demand for this
wood, It is also used to a considerable extent
in agricultural implement manufactories, and
for ship-building. ‘‘Of oak” (say Messrs.
Oliver & Co.) “‘ there are considerable varieties
—white, red, grey, and blue. The former is
the most valuable. It is found in several parts
of the Province, principally in the North and
West. A large quantity of it is made into
square timber for export.” Mr. Dempsey men-
tions in his evidence that the Grand Trunk
Company got a good deal of white oak from his
section (Prince Edward County), for the pur-
pose of making railway cars. Ties are also
made of oak, where the wood is sufficiently
plentiful. Mr. Hay objects to oak because it is
hard to work, and ‘‘ warps like the mischief,”
nevertheless it is not unfrequently used for
furniture.

The firm of Bennett Bros., of London, manu-
facturers of church and school furniture, writes
as follows with regard to the use of oak :—

“Tt was stated that oak is unfit for furniture.
If white oak was meant this was correct ; but
white oak is valuable for many other purposes,
namely staves, bent ware, and carriage work ;
but it is, and has been, so valuable, that it is
nearly as scarce as walnut in this country, and
will soon have to be imported in the same man-
ner as walnut.

“There are, however, other varieties of oak,
black or red, and yellow, of which there are
large quantities in all parts of the country, both
of which are well adapted for furniture, being
straight in the grain and not liable to warp or
change its shape, besides being easily wrought,
and when finished, there is no wood to equal it
in appearance except walnut, and perhaps some
varieties of white ash,

“We might state that we use it entirely in
church furniture and school work, and it is to
be regretted that so much of what is destined to
become a valuable wood is being destroyed
through ignorance,

‘* As you are probably aware, fashions chang

in wood like in everything else.

Twenty-five

years ago it was all mahogany and oak, then |
walnut ; at the present it is imitation of ebony,
mahogany coming in, with a prospect of oak to |

follow, in which case oak will become a valuable
wood.”

Tue CuEstNUT.—Of this wood Messrs. Oliver
& Co. say :—

“This wood is now almost extinct, and what |
remains is confined to the same limits in the

Province as is walnut. Its principal use is in
the finishing of churches, also public and private
offices.”

THE Poritar.—A considerable demand has |

sprung up for poplar, the wood of which is used
for making paper pulp. In the Niagara dis-
trict, and in Prince Edward County, as well as
elsewhere, it has been” eagerly secured at from
$3 to $4 per cord for that purpose.- The demand
for poplar for this branch of industry is likely to
increase rather than diminish. Poplar is also
used to manufacture charcoal for smelting pur-

poses.
Tue Brrceu.—In view of the rapid disappear-

ance of the walnut, the black birch will be the
alternative with furniture-makers. Mr. Hay
says with regart to this wood :—

**Black birch will be the only wood you can
fall back on in a few years. In the north there
is a great deal of it. It is an excellent wood.
At present it is not dear because it is not
scarce.

“You can get any quantity of it north, and
it can be purchased at the mill readily at from
$15 to $16 a thousand. Black birch is to be
found in all the northern regions. There is a
great deal in the Manitoulin Islands, and in the
Peterborough and Haliburton district. It is to
be found also in Muskoka. They have been
shipping birch from Lower Canada these many
years back. It is quite an article of export
there. Black birch is mixed with the different
woods of the country in large quantities. It is
very easily detected among other trees. I don’t
use so very much of it now, but itis on birch we
shall have to fall back after the walnut is gone.
It is from birch that these perforated chair-
bottoms are made. I think there is such a
thing as bird’s-eye birch, but it is very scarce. I
wouldn’t give more for that kind of birch than
plain wood.”

Messrs. Oliver & Co. say of the birch :—

““This wood is found in nearly every part of
the Province. It is a very fine wood, and
althougy the demand for it is yet very small,
there is little doubt but that, ina few years, it
will be largely in request for the uses to which
cherry, butternut and walnut are now put. It
should be husbanded with the greatest care.”

Tuer Brecu.—Beech has no standing in the
market except for fire-woch. :

Tur Basswoop.—Basswocd, like poplar, is
in good demand for paper-making purposes.

Mr, Caldwell, M,P.P., also refers to it as used |

for furniture, and for boxes in starch factories.
All that can be got is shipped to Oswego.
Hay uses it for furniture. It can be used in

some cases in place of pine, and is cheaper than
clear pine. Mr. Beall says :—

**Basswood, until lately,
used for buggy making, but it is not so
used since the introduction of bent wood for the
bodies of buggies.”

THE WHITEWoopD oR ToLiep TrEE.—The
whitewood or tulip, which grows exclusively
the warmer sections of the Province, is used

has been largely

much

in

largely by carriage-makers in constructing the
bodies of carriages. Messrs. Oliver & Co. say,
about the whitewood :—

“* A few years ago there was a large quantity

of this wood growing in the western part of the
Province, but owing to the great demand for it,
it is being rapidly consumed, and is now very
scarce. It meets a ready sale at good prices.
Its principal uses are for car and carriage build-
ing, and in the manufacture of furniture.”

THe Witp Cuerry.—A large demand for
this wood has sprung up, chiefly in the United
States. Mr. Hay says of it :-—

““Tn supplying the place of walnut, cherry is
a very valuable wood. They are using it very
extensively in the United States, making
ebonized furniture from it. It has avery close
grain, and it is very fast disappearing. I am
speaking of wild cherry. That tree grows to a
fair size. We get some lumber twenty and
twenty-two inches broad from it. I never saw
a cherry tree growing. so that I can’t say how
much lumber there would be in one. I can’t
say whether they are high or not, but some of
them grow to nearly the same girth as walnut.

‘The wild cherry forms a resource to fall
back upon in the absence of walnut, but it, too,
is fast disappearing. We are exporting wild
cherry largely to the United States, where
black furniture is very fashionable, and cherry
lumber takes the best stain, I think it is as
enduring as walnut.”

Cherry wood is also being used largely in the
internal fittings of cars and public buildings.

THE Watnut.—The Black Walnut, so far as
it exists, is the staple article in demand for
cabinet work of all kinds. Mr. Hay thus refers
to this wood :—

** When I first came to this country there
was very little walnut used, but one or two
years afterwards it came to be uSed more ex-
tensively. LI think it was Sir Peregrine Mait-
land who first introduced walnut here, and who
was the first to makeit fashionable. Previous to
that, they had used cherry, or any of the com-
mon woods. Since its first introduction, walnut
has been the staple fashionable wood for making

furniture.
“When we first commenced making walnut

furniture we got the wood from Canada West.
A great deal came from about Port Stanley
and the banks of the Thames, in Kent, Essex,

and South Middlesex. We now obtain very
little walnut indeed from that part of the

country.
“‘Lately we have been getting our principal

supplies of walnut from Indiana, The walnut
grown in that State is as good as that grown in
Canada, but as you go south of Indiana the wal-
nut is of a lighter shade. The dark walnut
grows best in a climate such as that of Michigan
or Canada. I don’t suppose the supply in
Indiana is inexhaustible. I have been told, in
fact, it will not last a great many years.
““When I came to Canada first they used
walnut for rail fences. The principal value of
walnut is that it is an excellent wood for furni-
ture, and is handsome in appearance. It is
universally admired, has a close grain, is not
liable to be much affected by changes of tem-
perature, and at the same time it is not hard to
work. It is a very valuable timber economi-

cally.
“*T couldn’t say exactly what time it would

take for a walnut tree to grow to matarity, fifty
or sixty years at least. I don’t know any other
part of Canada where walnut is to be found ex-
cept the district [have mentioned. There was
alittle once in the Niagara district, bnt that
has been cut down. There is none at all north
ofus. I don’t think any careful examination
has ever been made of the walnut region to
ascertain how much of the wood may still be
remaining ; but I am sure there can only be
very little left. I have never appointed an
agent for that purpose. Walnut is admitted
free of duty into Canada ; it would be a desir-
able thing to replant walnut. There would be
a great market for it.”

Black walnut is being used in the manufac-
ture of sewing machines, organs, and car build-
ing, as well as for the purposes already
mentioned.

Tuer Burrernut.—The Butternut is mention-
ed as being used in many cases as a substitute
for walnut for cabinet work, since the latter has
become scarce. Mr, Hay does not, howeyer,
utilize it to a large extent in his business. He
says :—‘‘ Besides cherry, butternut is a useful
wood, Some call it white walnut. We do not
get a great deal of butternut, as we cannot use
it much for furniture. It is not a substitute for
the black walnut. Some houses inside are fitted
up with it.” Butternut is excellent wood for
veneering, and also used in finishing the interior
of churches and other public buildings, and in
the manufacture of cigar boxes.

Tuer Hickory.—Hickory is in demand from
very early stages of its existence, to the time of
mature growth. Mr, Beadle says, in connection
with this wood :—

““One of the greatest pests we have in our
country is the axe-helve hunter. When a
hickory tree gets to be six inches in diameter he
will offer the farmer so much for it that he is
induced to sell it.”

For handles for tools, hickory is in perpetual
request. The spokes and finer parts of carri-
ages, are also made of hickory.

Sycamorr.—Of the Sycamore, Messrs. Oliver
& Co. say :—

“This wood is grown entirely in the western
part of the Province, and being scarce is in good
demand. It is not much used in Canada, and
what there is, is principally manufactured into
tobacco boxes. Owing to the high prices to be
paid for it; soft elm and basswood are being
used as substitutes.”

Tur Crpar, Hemtock, TaAMArack,—There
is a constant demand for these woods, or one or
other of them, for rails, posts, railway ties, and
many other purposes. Hemlock bark is also
largely in request by tanners for tanning hides.

The following quantities of square timber is
expected to be transported over the Toronto,
Grey and Bruce Railway this season :—

Cooks Bros siyscwaaieavsmiercn 160,000 cubic feet.
IBUTCONTBYOS! «\ cre .\e1e eis \vieius%e\« + 160,000

Flatt & Bradley....
ig NARUC GLEE OX secs ein ale) ey ape sce esl ss
Ui UINSOM wie/sieehnece meine s

HAGYARD’s PEcTORAL BALSAM is composed of the
most,healing balsams and gums. The balsams, which
enter into its composition, were used by the natives
when America was first discovered, and are combined
with other vegetable tonics, so blended together, that
it is a specific for all affections of the throat and
lungs. ‘Thousands of bottles are used annually, and is
considered one of the standard preparations of the day.

SPRING PRICES FOR LUMBER.

Tt is one of the peculiar features of this sea-
son’s business that there has been no weakness
of moment displayed in any of the northwestern
markets, Generally, as the winter draws to a
close and the time approaches for navigation to
open, an operator here and there will begin to
get nervous, and possibly shade his figures a
trifle. This sort of thing being contagious, it
spreads rapidly from yard to yard, and from
market to market, until the whole lumber-sell-
ing district is filled with dealers who are more
intent upon making prices that shall be as low
as their neighbor’s, or lower, than they are upon
getting a profit on their lumber or even getting
back the money invested in it. Itis customary,
in fact, for lambermen to have a terrible time
with prices from about the first of April to the
middle of July. What with the discounts attri-
butable to moving yards, the weakening effect
of the early arrivals from the manufacturing
points, and the general competition that comes
with the opening up of business, the spring
months are usually turned into a season for cut
prices, which everybody deplores and helps to
make at the same time. This rule seems to have
operated without regard to the kind of trade
that the lumber dealers looked forward to, It
may be remembered that the prospect for busi-
ness a year ago at this time was remarkably
fine ; it may also occur to most of our readers
that notwithstanding the activity with which
business started up at the opening, and the ap-
parently bright prospect ahead, the middle of
May, and indeed an earlier date, found prices
in a sad condition of demoralization. They will
probably be able, without much effort, to recall
two further facts: first, that the decline in
prices was followed very quickly by a marked
decrease in the volume of trade, acd secondly,
that the business continued to average less than
in the previous year until, some time in July,
prices were again advanced and their former
firmness re-established. Last year, in this
respect, was simply a copy of the year before,
that of the last previous one, and so on fora
half dozen or more, before which time, we be-
lieve, the custom of breaking up the spring
trade and taking all the profit out of it by an
indefensible cutting of the current prices, was
not so generally recognized as to become bind-
ing upon the trade.

The question that arises just now is whether
the trade proposes this spring to follow the
groove cut for it in the days when business was
poor and depression and financial disaster the
rule, or is to mark out for itself a new road and
travel steadfastly in it through this trying sea-
son, That there is some disposition on the part
of the present holders of lumber to take the
latter course, the Lumberman feels justitied in
assuring its readers, the conclusion being sup-
ported both by the statements made by a num-
ber of Chicago dealers—who are generally in
the foremost rank when any cutting is going on
—and by the similar statements that reach it
through the medium of correspondence from
lumbermen in all parts of the Northwest. In
one of the trade meetings in this city not very
long ago, one large dealer, who is known to be
pretty well supplied with stock, declared his
disbelief in the theory that prices must fall in
the spring, and his views were generally approy-
ed by those present; while from competing
points we have only to refer to the correspond-
ence that appears in the columns of this paper
from week to week—evidence that is abundantly
supported by private advices from the operators
themselves—to show that the general feeling
outside is favorable to a continuation of the
present firmness and the present remunerative
prices.

As an abstract proposition, it would hardly
seem that there could be two opinions about
this matter. The lumber that is now offering,
and that which will be sold during the next
three months, was mostly bought in the latter
part of last season, at a time when it was pretty
nearly at the top of the market. There has
been added to this price the cost of piling, in-
surance, interest, and the regular proportion
per thousand feet that all lumber must bear of
the current expenses of the yard, such as rent,
labor in handling and selling, etc., these items
in the aggregate probably bringing the net cost

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

of the lumber, as it now stsnds in pile, up to a
point that is only enough below the quoted
prices to admit of a fair profit on the invest-
ment and risk, This lumber, costing within a
small sum of what it brings, is wanted, as near
as can be found out, by consumers. Retail
dealers are already buying freely, and there is
every indication that there will be an ample de-
mand for every foot of stuff that is now drying,
probably before it can be as thoroughly season-
ed as it ought to be forshipping. Can any one,
as a matter of fact, see in such circumstances as
these any reason for suffering prices to decline
as they did last spring, and as they have done
spring after spring heretofore? If there is any
such reason, it must lurk in a very obscure
corner, for the Lumberman, though it has
searched dilligently, has failed to find it. To a
disinterested person it seems like a perfectly
plain matter, about which argument is the most
unnecessary thing imaginable, and any other
conclusion than that no real occasion exists for
cutting prices this spring seems unwarranted
and altogether unreasonable.

There are twenty reasons why prices should
be held up, to every one that may be brought
forward to bear out the notion that they should
godown. One of these reasons is a particularly
strong one, and one that should have great
weight with all members of the trade. If there
are any dealers who may be tempted to shade a
little here and there in getting out a new list,
the Lumberman would ask them to pause a
moment and consider what will be the effect of
such action. Will it be apt to bring to their
yard more orders, and will they realize from it
the nimble sixpence that is said to be better
than the slower shilling? The facts will hardly
bear out any such theory. If anybody thinks
that the true way to stir up trade is to make a
cut in prices, he should study the history of his
business a little. In April, 1880, the lumber
dealers in this market indulged in the costly
luxury of cut lists, and what was the result?
Simply that the shipments from this market
for the first half of the year showed a falling off
of something like five per cent., and this, when
at the beginning of April they exhibited a gain
of an equal percentage, thus proving that the
cut in prices, which was made for the purpose
of improving the business in point of volume,
actually reduced the amount of it to such a
degree that it did not even keep up to that of
the previous year, which, as everybody knows,
was not thought to be a very active season.

If this is not satisfying proof, the proposition
may be reasoned out, and the same conclusion
arrived at. Let us inquire for a moment how a
cut in prices acts upon a buyer. Does it have
the effect to make him anxious to get hold of all
the lumber he can, and induce him to send to
market large orders by the earliest mail?
tenerally speaking, no. When he gets news of
acutin prices, he quietly curls himself up in
his chair and soliloquizes something after this
fashion: ‘That’s just about what I expected.
All this talk that the drummers have been get-
ting off about prices being firm and likely to go
up, and about there only being logs enough to
supply the demand, is all taffy ; there’s going to
be lots of lumber, and lumber is going down
still more. Now, wouldn’t I be a fool to buy
any lumber now, when I am almost sure to get
it from 50 cents to $2 less two or three weeks
hence? No, thank you; I'll wait a bit.”
Whereupon he returns meditatively to his pri-
vate office, and carefully depositing the frag-
ments of a partly written order for lumber in
the waste basket, turns with a bland smile to a
customer who has just come in, with the re-
mark: ‘It is impossible for me to fill your
bill, Mr. Smith, for two or three weeks. I think
you better put off building until after you get
through planting. I may be able to shade the
price a trifle then.” This sort of thing among
the retailers of course tends to make the cutter
of price lists and the advocate of low prices
happy, because it brings him such an enormous
trade and such marvelous profits !

We might multiply arguments indefinitely,
and adduce facts without number, to show the
fallacy of the reasoning employed to prove that
prices should be reduced at this season of the
year ; but we shall not do it, because it appears
unnecessary. The present tendency at the chief

distributing points is not in the
decline, and we think there is warrant j
belief that it will not take that direction. The
spring will probably be a peculiar one, ite
peculiarities will be of a kind that tend to
strengthen the market. For one thing, the
opening will be late, which will put off much
longer than usual the arrival of fresh stock,
Assortments, too, must continue to be very
much broken, and the difficulty in filling orders
consequent upon this circumstance will make
the lumbermen more anxious to get full value
for what they do fill, and give them less time t
worry over the possible chance that the yard «
the opposite side of the way may have recei
one or two more orders than they did in the |
mail. The trade that will undoubtedly set in,
if it is not disturbed, as soon as good weather
gets the upper hand again, will also stimulate -
prices to some extent, and, when it gets fairly
started, help to make them firmer by

the dealers that the business is really there
coming to the front just as fast asitecan. “

the business is there, and that the dealers will
get it, if they are sensible enough not to frighten
it away with low prices, the Lumberman has
not a doubt, and consequently it is equally cer-
tain that the price list will need no further
revision in the direction of lower figures this
spring.

If the indications by which lumbermen judge
of the future are worth anything, they point
very plainly to the fact that there will be a de-
mand heavy enough this spring to use up about
all the dry lumber the dealers can get their
hands on, and to sell this stock they have carried
all winter, and that they paid a high price for
when they bought it, for less than it is worth,
would seem to any ordinary constituted intellect
an act of supreme folly. The Lumberman can-
not believe the representatives of the trade,
who have this matter under their control, can
be guilty of such a piece of foolishness, and it
has therefore high hopes of recording, as the
present year goes by, a business in lumber that
will make the biggest booms of other years seem
small by comparison.—Worthwestern Lumber-
man.

LAKE INSURANCE.

The Buffalo Courier says:—The insurance
companies engaged in marine underwriting on
the lakes have finally come to an agreement as
to a schedule of rates for hull risks for the ensu-
ing season. The rates published have been for-
mally adopted by all of these companies, with-
out reservation. On an average they are about
one and a half cents higher than those of last
year, which, as is well known, was exceedingly
disastrous to lake underwriters. At present
there seems to be a strong unanimity of feeling
among the representatives of the companies in-
terested in this important subject, and experi-
ence has shown that it is for the interest of them
all to work together throughout the season on a
mutual basis :-—

ON STEAM AND SAIL VESSELS,

Class. Season. Year. Average.
A Tsecntes voesS cette 6 5} 5
rf CO Se aa ay 5} 5
ARS noc coc ee 5h 6 6
ASK. eR Ce 6 6} 7
B 2 vicivnskdaes aed 7h 8 8
Season ends November 30,
ON TUGS,
Lake Privilege. Wi it ig
Class Season. Year. Season. Year, Av
AD ssetetae cee 4 4h 5 5} é
Pt Wea a 4 I 5 54 8
7 OSA eS - 5. 6 6
AALS. ees 5 5} 6 Ri 7
inex eematnne 6 6} 7 7 8

Season ends December 10.
Risks attaching on or after May Ist subject
to a deduction of ten per cent. from the above

rates, ,
LIMITS OF INSURANCE,

No valuation to be less than eighty per cent. -
of the value expressed in the Register.
On vessels valued in policy at—

10,000 OF THN. cuwcwsacuedenaane ananbsnsne ase
UU 2 Se eee el See
$80,000 or Feet wiso<50- 40 scan anal oveneey
$40,000 or less... cc cee ceesence ewecevencas
$50,000 or less........... ke desc cckenee eeve
Over 95, 000.0 ius. 5... scenen ches shapeen wens
CLASSIFICATION.

The Inland Lloyds classification register of
1881 to be the basis as to class and valuation.

Cowat.—Thomas C. Lipsey, of Cowal, Dei
wich, Elgin Co., will cut at his mill this —_ “a
over 600,000 feet of hardwood,

pi a ia al a

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 3

MINDEN.
JoppEens,—The Bobcaygeon Independent wz

We have had a very busy time here al] winter,

chines into this room, and as things are at pre-
sent it could not be done, but we are told that
by a re-distribution, which it is proposed to
make at an early day, if the premises are not
extended in the meantime, one-third more men
and machines can be accommodated. The hands
here are utterably incapable to keep up with the
press of work, but in order to accomplish as
much as possible they work until ten o’clock
every night. There is in this room a steam
hammer which is worthy of special mention.
There is nothing like it to be seen outside

SOME GENERAL FACTS.

Work has never been as plentiful since 1872,
in which year there was a great run, but still
not as much as at the present time. The work
turned out now is far superior in every respect
to that which was turned out eight years ago,
for the simple reason that the mill men will not
look at work now that they would jump at
then. The prospects for the continuance of the
flaw of work are brighter than ever they were
and the future outlook is excellent. Mr. Hamil-
ton has refused some heavy contracts, for which

HAMILTON’S FOUNDRY AND MACHINE
SHOP, PETERBOROUGH.
SAW MILL WORK A SPECIALTY—A NEW CIRCU-
LAR MILL—COVEL’S SAW SHARPENER—VERY
LARGE STEAM HAMMER—A BUSY SEASON.

_ The large foundry and machine shop of Mr.
W. Hamilton is known to every resident of the
Town of Peterborough, and to many living at a
considerable distance. It has for years been
looked on as one of its leading industries, and
judging from present appearances it is bound to
The name of

and one of great prosperity to both settlers and
The lumbering Das ari at a
point when there are not so m

store keepers.

and many more jobbers. It is not the
fitable to the country.
able, for the money goes more directly

hands of the settlers, A settler

logs, and sells them to the lumberman, makes

all that can be made by the « perat

keep a place in the front rank. ; no 1
Mr. W. Hamilton as a first rate manufacturer in | he had the first chance, on account of not being of the cities, and large cities at that. | than would be the case if the lumberman run a
his own particular class of work, is now fully es- able to turn out the work in the specified time. | Toronto cannot even boast of one, and of shanty and took them out with his or
Suahehed from one end of the Dominion to the Several offers of work from Manitoba have also | course Mr. Munro feels proud, This feature| men, One operator, who manges the
other, and it is not by any means unknown been refused as he prefers to handle work | alone distinguishes this establishment from all} for a Bank, paid over nine thousand dollars this
across the border, as many of the American | 2earer home, when there is enough of it to keep others of a similar character in the Province. | season to settlers for logs they got out, and
firms, with which he has come in contact in the all employed, as is the case at the present time. | It can be used for forging both heavy and light | others in proportion. But the feature of +
matter of tendering, can testify, to their cost. The capacity of the shop is limited and we are work, in fact anything from a monster anchor] season has been the large quantities of forest
told that is is proposed to extend the premises} down. It. will work with any amount of force produce taken out other than pine logs and

He makes a specialty of mill work of all kinds,

more particularly that used in sawmills, and
furnishes such institutions throughout from top
to bottom. As is well known, Mr. Hamilton

does not turn out any trashy work, but instead,

everything, no matter how small or large it may
be,has to pass the minutest inspection by practi-
eal men before it leaves the establishment, and

thus customers are assured of obtainiug the very
best article that can be manufactured by men
thoroughly skilled in their business.

A VISIT TO THE FOUNDRY.

The first glimpse of the premises betokened
business, boilers complete and half finished,
as well as numerous other heavy articles
were to be seen on the road infront of the
premises, and the number of men engaged in
putting in raw material and taking out finely
finished machinery ready to place in position,
gave the neighborhood a business-like air.
Passing inside, through the door of the
machine shop, we found ourselves surrounded
on all sides by workmen busily engaged at their
various occupations, and were almost deafened
by the the increased din and clatter of the
yarious machines, which were all in full opera-
tion. Mr. Hamilton informed us that busi-
nes is booming without any doubt. Every
department was engaged to its fullest capacity,
and still they found it very dlfficult to keep up
with their orders. Being very busy himself, he
introduced us to Mr. W. H. Trout, the draughts-
man and the chief designer of the works,
who kindly consented to show us through this
“hive of industry.”

SOMETHING NEW AND UNIQUE.

Mr. Trout was busily engaged in the drawings
of a new circular saw for Messrs. Irwin & Boyd
for the Nassau mills. It is of a wholly new
design, made from entirely new patterns, draw-
ings, etc., and is calculated to meet every pres-
ent and even the probable future wants of the
lumbermen. It is a very heavy, powerful mill
driven by a 20 inch belt, running on a 33 inch
mandrel pulley. The mandrel is 43 inches in
diameter and nearly eight feetlong. The frame
or husk is 6x9 feet. All the pulleys are extra
heavy with solid web and are perfectly balanced.
The racks and pinions for the carriage are cut
from solid cast steel. New improvements are

' claimed for the set works, giving greater exact-
ness and convenience. The quick reversal of a
heavy carriage and heavy machinery, or a quick
change from feed to gig, or gig to feed
is probably the foremost problem in the mechan-
ices of circular mills. An automatic brake
which plays it part at the proper moment, of-
fers to accomplish this most effectively. One
movement of a convenient lever sets all the
dogs. The saw is set in line without changing
its relation to the carriage or any other portion
of the machinery, as it is all self-contained, the
main belt for tightening the pulley not excepted.
This performs double duty ; besides serving its
proper office it drives the gig. The carriage is
operated by a 1} hemp rope. With suitable
gearing it may be worked by a wire rope, or the
ordinary rack stick and pinion, or in steam
mills by the steam feed. We understand that
a patent has been applied for, covering all the
improvements, and have no doubt that it will
be granted. Practical men who have examined
this mill all agree that it is the mill of the
future. Before commencing our inspection of
the various shops, Mr. Trout furnished us with
some infortaation as to their business,

shortly, in fact the necessity for such a step is

very apparent, and will be more so before long.
The wages of the employees have been recently
increased all round and even at the enhanced
figures, it is a very difficult thing to secure com-
petent men, a rather different state of things
from a few years since, when first-class men
could be obtained on all sides at a considerably
lower figure than is now paid. As we said
before, Mr. Hamilton’s specialty is mill-work,
particularly that for saw-mills. For this class
he has the “‘run” for Ontario and does the
bulk of the work. Nearly all of the large lum-
ber manufacturing firms deal here and many of
the smaller ones, although the greater portion
of the work required for the latter can be done
at nearly every foundry throughout the country.

WORK ON HAND AND RECENTLY DONE.

All the machinery required for the large
elevator, now being erected by the Midland
Railway, is being made at the present time.
The engine is of the latest improved Corliss
pattern and is of 120 horse-power. ‘The boiler,
a return tubular, is 5}x14 feet. Besides the
engine and boiler there is all the shafting,
pulleys, etc., of which a large number will be
required. There is also in course of construc-
tion a circular mill for Mr. Tait, of Graven-

hurst, who was recently burned out; a circular
mill and all the etceteras for Messrs. Williams

and Murray, of Blind River, Georgian Bay ;

two gang mills for Gilmour, of Trenton ; Ross

& Co., of Buckingham, Quebec; and similar

machines for at least a dozen other firms ; two

dozen of Covel’s patent saw sharpeners, (which
are manufactured by this firm under the Cana-
dian patent, and are rapidly winning their way
into public favor), besides complete outfits or
repairs of some kind for nearly every mill
in this district. So busy have they been in fil-

ling orders that Mr. Trout has been kept steadi-
ly employed since the beginning of the present

year in draughting patterns for the work.
THE PATTERN SHOP.

In the pattern shop in the second
story of the main building over the machine
shop. We found eight men at work, with
Mr. W. McLeanasforeman. All the patterns are
made here, and such wooden work as is required
on the various machines. There is not much
wood work to do as iron is chiefly used in the
construction of all the various patterns of the
machinery which is made. Cogging wheels and
making frames for sawmill carriages, and put-
ting together frames generally appears to be the
principal work. Several of the men were en-
gaged in making windlasses for towing sawlogs
and rafts of timber on the lakes. The machinery
in operation consisted of two planing machines,
and numerous saws,

THE MACHINE SHOP,

We next entered the machine shop, under
the charge of Mr. Geo. Munro. Here
everything was in activity. Every person
was busy and worked as if they knew that
there was lots to follow. Immediately in the
rear Of the machine shop is the _ black-
smith shop, where six men were working at
their forges under the watchful eye of Mr, John
Fraser. The machine shop is literally ‘“chocked
full” of shaping and slotting machines, planers,
emery wheels, and the thousand and one large
and small machines which are known to the
mechanic. It looks as though it would be an
impossibility to crowd any more men or ma-

mills,

tons.

from a few pounds to several tons. The posses-

sion of this hammer is a great advantage, as

formerly all heavy work had to be sent from
Peterborough to Buffalo in order to be forged,
but now it can all be done at home and a large

amount of time and money saved. Some of
the workmen were engaged in putting the

finishing touches to the large span circular mill
for the Messrs. Gilmour of Trenton. The ma-

chine is thirty feet long and is operated by a

steam cylinder. The logs are cut the same on
both sides, slabs and boards being taken off in
any desired number, and the stock left any size
wished for, according to the diameter of the log.
The log is held on at one end only by a massive
iron dog, which is an entirely new feature, and
one that cannot help but please. The idea is a
new one and originated in this shop. This is
only the second mill of this kind that has been
turned out ; the first one has been in operation
in Mr. Buck’s mill at Port Severn during the
last season, and that gentleman says it is the
most satisfactory he has ever had in any of his
Coming from a gentleman of such great

experience of Mr. Buck, this statement has

naturally has a good effect, and Mr. Hamilton
expects to have a large run on these machines
during the present year.

THE MOULDING SHOP.
Having viewed the machine shop thoroughly,

we next proceeded to the moulding shop, where
Mr. Thos, Tucker is looked up to. This is by
long odds the quietest room in the whole foundry,
but noise is not necessary here—although dust
appears to be—to carry on operations. The men
were engaged in doing only general work neces-
sary for the contracts.
dried the cores and special moulds, which are
sent in and taken out on a small car which runs

In a large oven are

on rails. Iron casting is carried on every alter-
nate day, and brass casting at irregular inter-
vals, just whenever required. The heaviest cast

made is about four tons, although, should

occasion require it, they can cast as high as five
To an ordinary observer not acquainted
with the work going on, this is the least inter-
esting room in the building, and that fact com-
bined with the dust which was floating around
thick, made us take a hasty departure to

THE BOILER SHOP.

Things are quiet enough here except when
riveting is going on, and then any person who is
fond of noise should just drop around and listen
for a short time. Boilers for the Midland
elevator and half a dozen other places were in
process of construction. As a general thing
many of the boiler makers are employed at out-
side work, and it is a rare thing to find the
whole staff in the room. In this branch Mr,
Hamilton has had more competition than in any
other department of the business. Some large
firms do nothing else but manufacture boilers,
but notwithstanding this fact, good work always
tells, and as the majority of people prefer a first-
class article, Mr. Hamilton’s boiler shop is kept
busy all the time. Here are large hoists,
cranes, etc., for moving the heavy work and
loading it on waggons, by which all the
machinery made has to be drawn to the railway
stations, When the ‘missing link” is con-
structed, it is expected to pass close to the
foundry and will thus remove one great obstacle
and greatly facilitate shipment.— Review.

The circulation of the CANADA LUMBERMAN is
over 2,000 copies, Advertisers should note this]

garian ash panels.
length over all, 8 feet 10 inches wide outside,

squared timber. The Victoria Railway will
carry not less than a hundred thousand railway
ties, twenty thousand telegraph poles, and so

many posts, and so much cord wood, that no e

timate can yet be accurately made. The ties
bring 14 cents each, the poles about 30cts. each.
Thus $14,000 will go to the settlers for ties, and

$6,000 for poles. This $20,000 goes into the
pockets of the settlers, and is just so much
gained as a result of the railway bei
The ties, in another year or two, will attain a
value of twenty cents each, and then it will bea
good business. I should think that not less
than $20,000 will be paid to the settlers for
posts and cord wood, and thus forty thousand
dollars will be gained to this country, this year,
by the construction of the railway,—which cost
the country altogether only $55,000 of bonus.

g opened.

UXBRIDGE CAR WORKS.

The car works of the Toronto & Nipissing
Railway are situate in Uxbridge, and form
one of the most complete establishments of the
kind in Canada, although not by any means the
largest. There is now on the stocks almost
completed a first-class passenger coach, which
will be finished equal to any on the continent.
The inside will be of walnut facing, with Hun-
The coach is 57 feet in

and will contain 32 double seats. The frame-

work is strengthened by upright iron stanchions,

and triangular iron braces, which, from their
peculiar construction, support the carriage from
each end. The roof has 10 iron rafters, con-

nected with ribs fastened to the floor, giving

great strength combined with lightness. Several
new cattle cars are also under way. They are
30 feet long, 8 feet 10 inches wide, by 6 feet 2
inches high, clear of roof, giving ample room
for stock. The cars, although to be used on the
narrow gauge, are of dimensions suitable for the
standard width, should the railway company at
any time decide to widen the gauge. The roll-
ing stock of the company is kept in excellent
order, and under the management of Mr. J oseph
Haggas, mechanical superintendent, keeps im-
proving. The locomotive department turns out
first-class work—amongst which may be men-
tioned a speciality, viz.: “‘the Hagzas Water
Elevator,” an ingenious contrivance for supply-
ing locomotives with water from underground
tanks along the line. It is worked by a suction
pipe connected with the engine, which, by form-
ing a vacuum, draws the requisite supply of
of water into the tender in a very short time.
This apparatus is adopted by the Midland and
other railways, and is found to work well. It
does away with elevated tanks and pumps, and
is safer from frost during winter. Mr. C. E.
Caron is in charge of the wood department, as

master car builder.
os

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ae

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4

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE TIMBER SUPPLY QUESTION.

We have received the following for publica-
tion :—

Sir,—I have for several years been endayor-
ing, through the press and in pamphlets, to
draw attention to and impress on the Govern-
ment and lumberers, both of Ontario and
Quebec, the importance and necessity of pre-
serving our timber resources, so as to place us
in a position to take advantage of the wants
and necessities of our neighbors across the line,
when their supplies are exhausted, and not-
withstanding I showed that that time was
within a few years of its accomplishment, no
heed has been given to my warnings.

Since my first introduction of the question of
supply, in the United States and Canada, the
Western lumber periodicals have lost no oppor-
tunity in trying to discredit my statistics on the
subject. They have in the interest of the manu-
facturers been endeavoring to hoodwink the
consumers with assertions that their »timber
resources were abundant to meet the demand
for many years, and thus withholding them
from pressing on the Government the necessity
of admitting our Canadian lumber free of duty
and all other obstructions to which it is liable.
But the Government itself has now, it appears,
taken the matter in hand, and has sent experts
to the timber supplying States of Michigan,
Wisconsin and Minnesota, the only ones they
have from the Rocky Mountains to the Eastern
Atlantic seaboard, to investigate and report on
the extent of their timber resources for their
forthcoming census returns, and I herewith beg
to hand you a copy of the New York Zimes, of
the 21st instant, containing an article on the
subject, in hopes you will give it to the public
through the LUMBERMAN.

Tt will be seen from the article referred to,
that at the present rate of consumption their
supply will be totally exhausted within the short
period of about nine years, and when there is
added to the population a yearly complement of
a million and a half consumers, a number equal
to the whole population of the Province of
Quebec, the supply will not suffice to respond
to the demand for half-a-dozen years at the out-
side, and in two or three years at the very
farthest a total cessation of shipments to the
East must take place, which will necessitate a
doubling of our present manufacturing capacity
to supply its place, and be the means of doubling
as well the value of our wood product.

The Western Ontario papers inform us of 100
acres of pine changing hands recently at $22,-
000, enough to purchase half-a-dozen good farms
with all their buildings and betterments, and
$1,000 have been refused for ten pine trees in
the Township of Puslinch. And what is the
reason of this extraordinary advance in the
value of such property? It simply arises from
a scarcity where, a few years ago, pine on a
farm lot was looked upon as an eyesore. It
might surely be supposed that our lumberers
would take a lesson from this—but no—the
state of prosperity to which the United States
have attained, occasioning an increased con-
sumption of lumber coupled with a short supply
and a consequent good demand, have had the
effect of sending our lumberers into the woods
with double force, to slaughter away and keep
the markets glutted, and thus waste their tim-
ber and entail on themselves a double toss.

T do not hesitate or fear to assert that there is
no description of commercial wood in our forests
that will not in five years be worth more stand-
ing where it is, than it is to-day manufactured

for market.
JAMES LITrLE,

Cote St. Antoine, Montreal, March 25th, 1881.

When on the 13th May, 1878, you published
a letter, from Mr. James Little, of Montreal, on
the subject of the devastation of our woodlands,
you no doubt remember the incredulty with
which his statements were received by those
pretending to be informed on the subject ; but
you have now the satisfaction of showing that
the warnings then given are fully justified by
the reports of the Government itself, now coming
to light through the medium of the lumber
journals of the West, which, I may remark,
were as adverse to giving currency to the facts
then as they are now urgent to have it recog-
nized that they assisted in giving the warning.

The facts that he presented were, that of the

whole twenty-six States, comprising the New
England, Middle, Western, and North-Western
to the Rocky Mountains, only four, ‘namely,
Maine, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota,
had a supply of timber in excess of their own
wants, and the question was, how long the sup-
ply for commercial purposes would last the
drain upon them? 'The white pine being the
wood of prime importance, his remarks were
that the supply of this timber was confined
almost entirely to the three States of Michigan,
Wisconsin and Minnesota, and that the demand
on them was so heavy for all sections of the
country, that it would not be- possible for them
to respond to it for more than six or seven years
longer.

The North-western Lumberman now states,
from information derived from the proper
authorities, that the forthcoming report of the
United States census will show that the pine
timber supply of the North-West, in 1880, was
in Minnesota, credited by popular estimate with
40,000,000,000, only 6,150,000,000 ; Wisconsin,
from statements varied from 80,000,000,000 to
100,000,000,000, only 40,500,000,000, and Michi-
gan, on both the upper and lower peninsulas,
35,000,000,000, making a total supply of 81,500,-
000,000 feet of pine timber. This paper at the
same time states that the aggregate cut and de-
struction of pine in the three States is not far
from 8,000,000,000 feet per annum, so that, if
we deduct the past winter’s cut, which has been
an exceedingly heavy one, there remains stand-
ing to-day in the whole North-West only 73,-
500,000,000 feet, which is distributed about as
follows, viz.:—

DT PMLUIMGSOUA cio: atric iefeieYeraieltiaiciuleie’ patois etets eer blsehUas Ute EIEN

Tm wWisconsiniive ies «aeislhicia Ma dialeie (sleelenieteels 38,000,000,000
In Michigan......... Kibio lel an eth(tateievelaistalneie 30,000,000,000

TH QUEL ncetaveleseretatel elevels esi leipl dels tte pae/atacn what 73,500,000,000
Trom the above it will be seen that even now,
when only three years of the six or seven men-
tioned by Mr. Little have gone, these States
have reached a condition when common pru-
dence would say they had not another foot to
spare. They are rapidly growing in wealth and
population, and in all probability will have 6,-
000,000 inhabitants to supply within their own
boundaries in the next ten years, so that the
amount now remaining would barely supply
their own wants for twenty years from to-day ;
but what will be their condition in four years
from this time if the continued slaughter of the
pine is kept up?

In round numbers, Michigan is parting with
her forests at the rate of 5,000,000,000 feet a
year ; consequently at the end of four years will
have only 10,000,000,000 remaining to supply
her more than 2,000,000 people. Wisconsin will
probably part with 13,000,000,000 during the
same period, leaving her with only 25,000,000, -
000, and Minnesota, that has not astock to-day
one quarter sufficient for her own wants, will be
reduced to 3,000,000,000, leaving only 38,000, -
000,000 of white pine in the whole North-West
(an amount little more two years’ consumption
of the whole country), as the reserve supply,
not only for themselves, but for the entire
country. Itis but trifling with the subject to
speak of the few patches here and there in our
own State, and in Pennsylvania, Virginia, or
elsewhere.

Formerly, when the New England States
parted with their pine, there remained the
forests of New York, Pennsylvania and Canada
to fall back on, these in their turn fell back on
Michigan, but now the reserves themselves are
about gone, and even Canada is forced to com-
pete for supplies in the forests of Michigan and
Wisconsin for the English market, and unless
something is at once done to stop the destruc-
tion of this indispensable timber, it will be all
gone, and we will have only the stumps remain-
ing to remind us of our folly.

It is to be hoped, now that the Government
has come into possession of the facts, it will take
means to enlighten the public on this most im-
portant subject. An enlightened public opinion
can do much to aid in stemming the tide of de-
struction which is now going on with reckless
precipitancy. A knowledge of the value of their
property will cause owners to be more careful of
it and not be disposed to part with it to go
abroad at one-tenth the value it will have in a
few years, standing it their forests for their own
wants,

and other woods for such purposes as they are
suitable, by stopping the frightful butchery of
this timber which is now going on by the use of
circular saws, that turn one-quarter of the tree
into sawdust ; by allowing the young trees to
grow ; by the Government withholding its tim-
ber lands from sale ; by preventing, if possible,
the making of square timber in the woods, by
which one-third of the tree is cut into score
blocks and shavings, furnishing the most fruit-
ful source of fire, and by throwing open our
ports to the free entry of timber from any coun-
try that may be willing to spare it—and now
that this timber is about gone, if the lumber
papers have at last learned to recognize the dif-
ference between a pine tree and a gooseberry
bush, so as to give their patrons correct infor-
mation on this important subject, some little
may yet be done to prolong the supply of this

indispensable timber.
Wiritam Littte.

Astor House, New York, March 16th, 1881.
—WNew York Times, March 21st.

VANISHING FORESTS.

The Toronto Mail says that the lumber ques-
tion seems to be coming, if not “within the
range of practical politics,” at least within.the
range of practical business men. A long con-
ference on the expediency of protecting the
forests was recently held in Chicago ; and ittisfa
noticeable fact that the remarks were made
chiefly by the owners of pine lands and the
operators of saw-mills, who may fairly be sup-
posed, from the nature of their business, to have
a more intimate acquaintance with the present
condition of our forests, and the necessity of
protecting them and of replacing them as they
are cut off, than those who merely sell the lum-
ber after it is sawed. The situation in the
States certainly seems to be rather startling.
The N. Y. Shipping List lately said it had been
advised that ‘‘ the pine forests of Michigan will
be exhausted in thirteen years, and those of
Wisconsin and Minnesota in thirty and forty
years.” After quoting and commenting upon
Mr. Little’s letter, which we publish in another
column, the Mail continues: ‘‘ The census com-
missioners ought certainly to be expected to be
well-informed and impartial men; and if the
actual situation should be as is stated it is
rather a serious matter for the States. But it
is equally serious for Canada. Lumber is our
staple export ; if our neighbors’ fields should be
run out they wlll turn to us if we have any left.
A large part of our territory seems fit for
nothing else than a lumber field. This being
the fact, and a demand on its resources being
certain, should we not seek to turn its resources
to the best account ?”

Waste Paper.

A recent report of the controller of the British
Stationery Office, whose function is to provide
the paper used in all the government offices,
states that the value of the waste paper collect-
ed from the various offices and sold for the pub-
lic account averages $50,000 ayear. Hitherto it
has been the rule to turn the bulk of this paper
over to a single firm, under bond to reduce it to
pulp in the United Kingdom. Under such
conditions, the price received was less than the
paper was worth in open market. The paper is
now sent to the state prisons, where it is sorted
and torn up, so as to be rendered practically
illegible, and then sold unconditionally at much
better prices than before.

At first thought it might seem to be more
eoonomical to burn the paper at once, and thus
save all the expense of collection and transporta-
tion; but the controller states that the money
received for waste paper in some years amounts
to more than the total salaries of the controller,
assistant controller, and staffs of the department
in both England and Ireland.

Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN.—A journal in the
interest of the lumber trade, bearing the above
title, which has been published in Toronto, has
passed into the hands of Toker & Co., of the
Peterborough Review, who will publish it here-
after. Under their energetic management it
will no doubt command a large share of patron-
age, and if the initial number is any criterion,
it well deserves to. Published semi-monthly at

The substitution of spruce, hemlock | $2 a year,—Picton Times.

THE FREDERICTON BOOM CO) (PANY.

Recognizing the impetus given to lumbering
operations last fall by the favorable state of the
English markets, and feeling confident that the
cut on the Upper St. John and its tributaries
would be in excess of previous years,
Fredericton Boom Company have made am
preparations to boom, hold and raft every stick
that may float or be driven down the river this
year. To do this necessitated not only the re
pairing of many piers in the old booms, but the
providing of increased boom space. Work was
commenced on January 3rd in the Gill boc
below Fredericton ; and here 15 to 20 tear
along with about fifty men, were employed
three new piers had been constructed and
damage done by the ice to six of the old pier
had been repaired. A large jam pier was Iso
erected in the Mitchell boom, likewise below
Fredericton. The main operations, however,
were couducted at Sugar Island, just below the
mouth of the Keswick, where a new reserve _
boom has been located and constructed, capable
of holding sixty millions and intended, in case
of a big run, to relieve the Douglas and Lincoln n
booms to that extent. The location is admir-
able for the purpose, being well sheltered and
having deep water throughout the season. Here
the company have expended fully $5,000 in the
erection of thirteen jam and block piers, which _
will render the boom fully able to stand all
strain. All logs running down the river can be
turned into this area by means of a sheer boom
set at the head for this purpose. The boom was
located by Stephen Glasier, Esq., agent of the
boom company, who has also personally super-
intended the construction and repairs to the
several booms this winter. Perhaps the most
ditficult task Mr. Glasier had to undertake was
devising means to guard the ten million logs
now in the Douglas boom from being carried
away by the run of ice this spring; and along
with them, between four and five millions lying
rafted in the wake of the boomed logs—all these
logs having come down last fall too late to be
got away before navigation closed. Two new
piers have been built in this boom and the
seventeen existing piers have each been raised
about five feet, so as to prevent the ice from
jamming in on top of the logs and carrying
them away. It is expected that these piers will
present an impassable barrier to the run of up-
river ice and turn it in another direction, thus
saving the logs in the boom. With respect to
the five million rafted just below the boom, as
the ice there is rotting rapidly, it is believed
that they can be got away before the up-river
ice runs down. Messrs. D. D. Glasier & Sons
are keeping a sharp lookout, and by pushing
their tugs up as fast as possible, taking advant-
age of the open creeks, expect to be able to tow
these rafts down to St. John ahead of the main
body of ice. While the boom company have
made most extensive arrangements for the sum-
mer business, more improvements would have
been made in the lower booms if the early
wasting away of the ice had not prevented the
lumber having been got out for the purpose.
From the best information attainable, the com-
pany look. forward to a run this spring and sum-
mer of about 150,000,000, and have made their
arrangements accordingly. The quantity of
snow now in the woods on the Aroostook and
Upper St. John renders the chance of a sudden
fall of water like that of last spring impossible,
so it is extremely probable that most of the
quantity above estimated will reach the boom
this spring and early summer.—St. John Sun.

FOREST FIRES.

ATTLEBORO, Mass., March 28.—An extensive
fire has been raging in the woods between Attle-
boro and Mansfield all day, extending into
Wrenthan, where to-night it is burning with
great fury. A large quantity of wood and tim-
ber has been destroyed, and several dwellings
are threatened. A force of men are fighting the
fire, which is fanned by a strong breeze. :

_WILKESBARRE, March 28.—Forest fires are
burning furiously on the mountains near here _
along the line of the Lehigh and Susquehanna
railroad, and arespreading rapidly to-night. wf

GovcksTEr, Mass., March 28.—Anextensive
fire is raging in the woods between here and — be
Rockfort, which threatens to burn a large area, :

‘

| =

ea aa a SS
ee eee tw'|™|?™$" oO$oa —__—_——__——_

INFORMATION WANTED.

The Globe had the following editorial under
the heading ‘‘Information Wanted Concerning
Our Forest Wealth ” :—

“We have already remarked upon the absence
of any definite information as to the extent of
our pine lands and the character of the timber
standing thereon. We have suggested that an
official investigation be held before persons
authorized to call for the statistics and other
facts necessary to get an accurate idea of the
revenue from timber dues hereafter to be receiv-
ed by the Province; to collect information
upon practicable methods of forest conservation;
to consider how far the very efficient German
system of forestry can be introduced here ; and
generally to take such steps as will tend to
bring about a cessation of many extremely
wasteful practices on the part of lumberers and
the owners of timbered lands.

“Upon a great many important points in
forestry there is now a plentiful lack of infor-
mation. All we know about our forests is con-
tained in the report of the Agricultural Com-
mission. That report is a perfect mine of
nformation concerning the argricultural state
of the townships in this Province, and so far as
the Commission was concerned in the subject of
forestry, its duties were exceedingly well per-
formed. For instance, we learned from that
report for the first time that, in the older part
of the Province, there are only ten counties in
which more than two-thirds of the land has

been cleared, and only two counties in which |

more than three-quarters of the land has been
cleared. What we want now is further infor-
mation in this direction. Especially is it desir-
able that means be taken to diffuse among the
owners of standing timber information concern-
ing its present and prospective value. Hard-
wood timber, standing in any place where it can
be easily won, is becoming very valuable. As
respects black birch, the prospect seems to be
that it will soon become the most valuable of
our forest trees, sc rapidly is furniture made
from that wood coming into fashion. A word
in time might prevent the felling for firewood of
many 2 valuable birch, maple, or oak. It is
also desirable to know how far the use of poplar
in paper-making is likely to extend, and the ex-
tent of the supply of that wood standing within
easy reach of the paper mills. In some parts of
of New England poplar already brings $8 a cord
jor paper-making, and wood for those mills is
taken from Canada in great quantities. It may
be that only accurate information is wanted in
order to compel the Yankee paper-makers to
pay us a much better price than they do for
their raw material. The supply of basswocd,
and the extent to which that wood is capable of
being utilized, would be another interesting
point for investigation. There might also be
some practical means found of exacting fulfil-
ment of promises made by the railway com-
panies which asked and received aid from
Canadian towns on the promise that cordwood
should be brought in cheaply. It is too bad
that, within a hundred miles of Toronto, and
close to a railway aided liberally by the city,
the clearings of new settlers should still be
burnt in the old wasteful style, simply bec&use
the railway does not care to aid in reducing the
supply of wood available for its own fuel. But
such is the case.
“Then there is a great field for usefulness in
he collection and dissemination of intelligence
concerning the re-clothing with timber of thou-
sands of acres of land which ought never to
have been cleared for agricultural purposes.
There is scarcely a township, and in some town-
ships not a farm, which has not some land
which could be more profitably put to growing
timber than to any other purpose. Bare hill-
sides, too poor for orchards, might be put to use
growing poplar or some other quick-growing
tree, and the planter of the trees might begin to
receive his money back in ten years from the
first investment. Of young hickories we import
hundreds of thousands yearly, from Ohio and
elsewhere, that might iust as well be grown at
home. In some parts of the Province the black
walnut might be grown at a profit. In all parts
_ there is something more to be done with timber
is done. A very general desire is arising
the farmers to do something in the way

ts \

THE CANADA

of tree-planting. What they want is detailed
and accurate information as to the best direc-
tion in which to bestow their work, and this
information could best be obtained in the
manner we have indicated,”

MAKING IRON COLUMNS SECURE.

So many accidents have occurred at fires to
life and property by the sudden giving away of
iron columns used for supports to the various
floors of buildings, that such colums are looked
upon with distrust by firemen, and their use dis-
couraged. When they become heated by fire
they are apt to break entirely, thus Jetting the
upper floors fall. It was in consequence of the
giving away of the iron columns at the Broad-
way fire, some time ago, that thé floors from
cellar to roof fell in and two firemen who were
on the roof were hurried to a terrible death in
the seething furnace within the building, All
large cities are full of buildings whose several
floors are supported on iron columns, and, in
case of fire, they are quite as likely to collapse
as did the one we refer to. Our building laws,
which are yet crude and imperfect, permit their
use, and, as they are cheaper than most any-
thing that could be used instead, they are still
favorites with builders. The very best thing to
take the place of iron columns would be col-
umns of brick, but objection is made to them
that they take up too much room and are not
ornamental.

Many experiments have been tried with a
view to making iron columns fireproof, or at
least sufficiently so to be able to stand a small
fire in their neighborhood without bending, and
thus bringing the entire building to the ground
in ruins, long before it would be destroyed by
the fire alone. Casing the columns with wood,
asbestos, brickwork, etc., has been tried, and
some of the methods have been described in the
Journal. Recently two more suggestions have
been made, One is to inclose the columns in
rings of terra cotta, put on over the top when
the column is set up. These would act as a
shield to keep off the heat till the fire could be
subdued. The plan is simple and inexpensive,
and has the added advantage of giving oppor-
tunity to make the columns highly ornamental,
as terra cotta readily lends itself to decorative
treatment.

The second plan is to fili the columns with
water. Todo this the plates or castings, usually
placed between the columns where they stand
one over the other, have holes or openings of
some kind, so that there is a free communica-
tion from column to column, from the bottom
to the top of the building. Where columns are
already erected, short pipes are used to connect
them at each floor. The uppermost column is
also provided with asmall escape-pipe, passing
through the roof to the open air. At the base
of each tier of columns a pipe is connected with
the street mains, so that all the columns may be
filled with water, either permanently or on
emergency. When thus filled with water and
provided with an escape for the expansion of the
water or steam, the columns would stand un-
harmed until every floor was burned out. Were
the girders also hollow and filled with water in
the same manner, both girders and columns
would undoubtedly stand intact, even after all
the floors and the roof had fallen in, and they
could be used again in rebuilding. The system
has the merit of cheapness and ease of applica-
tion, and is patented in this country. We have
little confidence, however, in iron columns under
the conditions incident to a great fire, and the
sooner their use is prohibited by law the better
it will be for the public.—Firemen’s Journal.

A Will and a Way to Execute,

We are in receipt of Tue CANADA LUMBER-
MAN, now transferred to the proprietorship of
Toker & Co., and published semi-monthly at
Peterborough, Ont. As its title indicates, it is
devoted to the lumber and timber interests of
the Dominion, and promises to advocate all
measures tending to the advantage of the trade
it represents, and to furnish full and reliable
reports upon the co ndition of the Canadian
market, statistics, etc. Its introductory is
written as if there was a will and a way to
execute behind the promises made, which must
place the journal in full rank with others of its
kind.—Wew York Real Estate Record.

LUMBERMAN.

BURLINGTON, VT., INSPECTION.

Although doing a large business in lumber
the extensive market of Burlington has no
systematized method of inspection. Steps are,
however, in progress looking to that end, and
probably before long rules and regulations re-
garding inspection will be adopted by the
dealers in that section. While each lumberman
now has an inspector of his own, a variety of
customs prevail, notwithstanding an endeavor
on the part of all toward uniformity.

The grades recognized in the Burlington
market are as follows: Selects, Shelving, Second
Shelving, Pickings, Shippers, Box, and Mill
Culls.

These gradings apply to wide lumber from
eight inches and upward.

Strips twelve feet long and upward are classed
as Ist Quality, 2nd Quality, 3rd Quality and
Box.

Under twelve feet in length the classes of
seconds and thirds are combined as one, while
all unfit for this grade go into a still lower
grade of 3rd Quality or into a new grade of
Box.

Spruce is divided into three grades, namely :
Clear, No. 1 and No. 2.

Selects. Comprise the finer grades of lumber,
and include all fair widths approaching to the
upper grades of other markets, and suited to all
the finer finishing purposes, for which the tim-
ber is adapted.

Shelving. Includes ten, twelve and fourteen-
inch stock, and is classed as first and second
shelving, as to relative quality and adaptability
to the purpose indicated ; first quality ranks
about seven dollars per thousand below selects,
while the second quality is from five to seven
dollars below the first. In both qualities more
or less knots and sap will be allowed, not affect-
ing the board for the purpose from which it
derives its name.

Pickings. A grade of lumber of any width,
suited to one side finishing, embracing sap
boards, and generally such lumber as while
from width not fitted for shelving, is more de-
fective than selects, yet filling a position which
must otherwise be occupied by selects. As in
other markets, it may be called the cream of
the common. It is relatively in price about
twelve dollars below selects.

Shippers. Are of diversified widths, without
shake or case knots, and free from large coarse
knots, comprising the best of the common after
the picks are removed.

Box. Comprises a grade poorer than shippers,
yet taking the run of the common, in all fairly
sound and merchantable lumber. In price it is
from two to three dollars below shippers.

The grades of shelving (first and second)
Pickings, Shippers and Box are, one and all,
selections from Common, made with reference
to adaptability to the uses indicated by their
designations.

Mill Culls. Are the poorest grade of lumber
adapted to any utility, or recognised as mer-
chantable, and bear the same description as the
same grace in other markets.—Lumberman’s
Hand-Book.

AVERAGE WEIGHTS OF LUMBER.
The following table shows the average obtain-
ed in the actual shipment from Chicago of
20,000,000 feet of pine lumber, during an entire
season :

Pounds.
1, 14 and 1}-inch surfaced 1 side ................2,102
The’ same; SULPACEM DisSideSs oeisicics disc ccacavececss 2,068
Zinchisurtacedslisid Cheese ookcce cece eae. 2,200
White pine flooring, dressed and matched........ 1,890
EASEASDIN eG HOOLLUE,avedstte sieve ce ce cle niecieninee atin: 2,366
Spiplapy Galnchite oe sicisteeinmiveticicre selsnicce sermei nics 1,711
Ship VapyrelO-Inchyts amsteictelselers clots cies cee ncaa cis 1,72.
SHIPMAP MUAH aeritctoteteeotelas eyalrcisieucicieeeiatenke c 1,855
White jpiness-Inch ceilingtries sjeiveee corsileeiane et 786
Hard) pine; g-inchiceillings smasines steyes « so viste nce oe 950
SIdIDe:, .cawcctlae sauewetehe Ges aon nen eects 865
Biecerstuil, TOU sewn vanienlaeciehis sane acces cc 2,560
Piece stuff, surfaced one side and one edge...,...2,210
Thin clear, surfaced one side......0.....eseeeeees 1,380
EN COUP Noe nrelssmiee eee eminence con ceiecc hore 1,120
Rough boards........... ais steleiiaisiciteraauiste ne sie ss 2,524
ERATURD THEM ENCIUP <tiniwelene sitinisicia cece wee couecae 2,910
4-inch flooring, dressed and matched............. 1,793
G-inch fencing....+...0...sseeeeees malhvfelvisieisietereieiy 2,433
PUNE RSHIDE ESI wien enlaidieohinds olvle i ac sith sete ceaee 248
Peder SDI PIE Sey afs,s:sin's nists emesis piceliele as tea eric o 203
Dry lath. vesesargptsvevseresns nletsialeiplsteni te seveves 502

-

a
LUMBERING IN MANITOBA.

The Emerson Internationa of March 25th,
says that James Carney, of Carney & Watson,
visited the firm’s logging camp up the river,
near Acton, last Friday, and returned home on
Monday, accompanied by his partner, Mr.
Watson, who has gone to Winnipeg on business,
Things are reported as booming at the camp,
and a large number of oak logs are being got
out. The firm expect their saw mill machinery

about the 15th or 20th of April, and will rush
the erection of the mill so as to commence saw-
ing early in the season. The firm expects to
handle half a million feet of logs and 30,000 feet
They pro-

pose to do their share in helping along the

of piles during the coming season.
Emerson business boom. The boys are enter
prising, and deserve to do well in their saw mill
enterprise—as no doubt they will, as the farmers
of Southern Manitoba have scarcely yet begun
to provide themselves with comfortable barns
and granaries, and will require an immense
amount of lumber of the class that the Emerson
steam saw mill will turn out, to say nothing of
the demand for oak timber which will be made
by various municipalities for bridges and cul-
verts. By the time that trade has been satisfied
the Red Lake
opened up, and Messrs. Carney & Watson can
then turn their attention to pine lumber, the
logs for which will be brought down the Red
Lake and Red Rivers. Emerson will then not
only support one mill, but a dozen. Messrs.
Carney & Watson’s mill will be located on the
river bank north of Park street.

Indian Reserve will have been

THE SHIP BUILDING SEASON.

Owing to several causes, the season for ship-
building has not opened with as good promise
as ship-builders anticipated it would last fall.
Freights at present are so low that there is little
encouragement to builders to commence building
yards, and if there is not an advance soon, most
of the yards which are busy now will remain
idle after the vessels at present building are got
off. Ship timber is very dear also, and there
seems to be no prospect of a fall in price, owing,
it is said, to the scarceness of it. The scarce-
ness was caused by many men who formerly
were engaged in getting out ship timber going
into the woods to ‘get out logs, in view of the
unusual activity in that branch of business,—
St. John, N,B., Globe.

Hudson’s Bay as a Possible Outlet for the
North-west.

During the past summer the engineers of the
Nelson River Railway Company have surveyed
a railway route between Norway House at the
outlet of Lake Winnipeg and Fort Churchill on
the Hudson’s Bay. The distance between these
places is about three hundred and fifty miles,
The surveyed route first follows the course of
the Nelson River for a distance of nearly one
hundred miles over alevel country. The next
part of the road is over a broken rocky country,
where the Nelson River has a descent of nearly
seven hundred feet to the lower plateau, where
the country again becomes level; and continues
so to Hudson’s Bay. Upon entering this rocky
range the surveyed route leaves the Nelson
River, taking a more northerly course toward
the valley of the Churchill River, which is
reached at its entrance on the lower plateau,
and continues to follow the course of the river
to its outlet in Hudson’s Bay.. The estimated
cost for building the road-bed is ten thousand
dollars a mile on the plateau and seventeen
thousand a mile through the rocky portion of
the route, or an average of twelve thousand
dollars per mile along the whole route.

It is claimed that by this route it will be
possible to transport grain from the Saskatche-
wan Valley to Liverpool for less than it will
cost to carry it to Montreal by the. proposed
railway north of Lake Superior.

Professor Bell, of the Canadian Geological
Survey, who sailed from Fort York, Hudson’s
Bay, and passed through Hudson’s Straits in
the latter part of last September, says that sail-
ing vessels have sometimes considerable difficulty
and delay in getting through, but steamships
can make the voyage at any time between the
first of May and November, as the straits are
nearly one hundred miles wide in the narrowest
part, and the channel is not obstructed by ice.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-

tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY

TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :

One copy, one year, in advance................- $2 00
1 00

One copy, six months, in advance...............

Advertising Rates :

Per ines LOVONE VEBMsle «elo calel</stale aialelelplele/sisinis\sjefutels
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Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
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column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
least three clear days before the day of publication, to

insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Toknr & Co., Peter-

borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
not necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the

writer,

date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. APRIL 15, 1881

WE received a special dispatch from Ottawa,
says that
McEbymort’s sawmill is in operation with a
This is the first opening of the
Reports from tne Upper Gatineau
state that there are several feet of snow in the
The water is very low, and unless
there are heavy rains within two weeks a great

which

dated the 11th instant,

gang of 75 men.
season.

bush yet.

deal of pine timber will be stuck.

THE Northwest Lumberman says: The late
opening of the season that the indications now
promise will have a tendency to make business,
when it does begin, very active. The mills will
haye to work hard to get out what they intend
to manufacture, and the dealers will be. equally
busy receiving it, piling it up and selling it.
The trade that has keen kept back by the em-
bargo on transportation will probably be heard
from in the shape of plentiful orders when the
blockade is raised, and this business added to
that which may ordinarily be expected in the
spring, will, no doubt, make the neighborhood
of a lumber yard a lively place, in the course of
two or three weeks. * The prospect, altogether,
is that a good business will be done as soon as
it is possible to do it, and when it does come,
the activity of trade will, no doubt, make up,
in a great measure, for the enforced dullness of
the earlier months of the year.

A CORRESPONDENT informs us that the
wealthy and energetic firm of Messrs. Thomas
Cundle & Co. are making preparations to start
their sawmill situated on the extensive limits
recently acquired by them on Cockburns’
Tsland, Lake Huron. These limits extend over
1380 square miles, equal to about 150,000 acres,
and are coyered with a large quantity of pine,
hemlock and cedar timber, which, if the logs at
present in their boom may be taken as a fair
sample, is of a very superior quality and which
will, if properly manufactured, make A 1, lum
ber. The pine is thin in the bark and singularly
free from sap, while the cedar is said to be
long enough to scaffold a church tower, and
sufficient in quantity to fence Lake Huron,
Being situated as they are on the direct line of
steamboat travel between Chicago, Colling-
wood and the Welland Canal we are not sur-
prised to learn that some of our American

0 solicitation.
5 00
Cards not oecupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo’s 38 00

Special rates will be made for page, half page and

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

and not American hands.

A LUMBERMEN’S ASSOCIATION,

benefit to the trade.

Not long ago the Ontario lumbermen met to-

trade,

good results and the promise of more.

advansage.
intollerable.

tion would be found useful by the trade.

them out.

Quinte, the Georgian Bay and Peterborough.

These local bodies would have charge of the
local interests, and would also unite in a Pro-
vincial association to deal with general ques-

tions.

The farmers, the dairymen, and many other
industries find it expedJent and useful thus to

bind themselves together for common action
and mutual consultation,
natural to assume that the great lumber and
timber industry would benefit at least equally
by adopting a similar course.

We hope that some of our readers, who are
interested in this matter, will give their views of
the best means of arriving at this result. We
will gladly find space in our columns for a
discussion of the subject.

A FOREST COMMISSION,

It is with much satisfaction that we observe
that there is a growing manifestion of public
interest in that very important subject, the
preservation of our forests. One great proof of
this is the frequent discussion of this matter
recently in the columns of the press, which is a
sure index to the direction of public opinion.
In this number we give extracts from the Globe,
Mail and other journals, and we might have
given many more of a similar character, for we
notice one paper after another, without regard
to their political colour, calling attention to the
threatened extirpation of our forests at no dis-
tant period, and to the necessity of husbanding
our sylvan wealth.

We particularly invite notice to the article
we have quoted from the Globe, and more especi-
ally to the last portion of it. Wecan heartily
endorse its suggestion of a commission to enquire
into the whole subject of forestry, for we
believe it would be of the greatest benefit. The
Agricultural Commission has collected and
published much valuable information in regard
to this matter, but much more is required, and
the question should be looked at from other
points of view. A commission especially ap-
pointed for this purpose, might for instance

cousins are casting a longing eye after them.
We hope however that if Messrs. Cundle & Co.
do part with them they will fall into Canadian

We have had several suggestions made to us
by lumbermen, as to the expediency of regularly
organizing a Lumbermen’s Association, and
have been urged to write in support of it.
There can, we think, be little doubt that such
an organization would be of great assistance and
In fact the expediency
and even the necessity of organizing has already
been fully recognised, and has been acted upon.

gether to discuss questions of interest to them,
and by means of a regularly appointed deputa-
tion called the attention of the Provincial
Government to certain requirements of the
On that occasion they were successful
in obtaining the concession of several important
points, which would probably not have been so
readily yielded to their individual and separate
So too the Quebec lumbermen last
month collectively addressed the Administra-
tion of their Province, with some immediate
But in
these cases the organization was only tempor-
ary, being allowed to lapse into disuetude as
soon as the immediate emergency was over, only
to be renewed again under the influence of some
pressing necessity. But this implies a great
waste of time and energy with the minimum of
If there were a permanently con-
stituted association, it would always be prepared
for consultation and action whenever, expedient,
without waiting till some grievance became
In many other ways too besides
dealing with the Government such an organiza-
They
are in fact so obvious that we need hardly point

It has been suggested to us that an appropri-
ate form for the organization would be in the
shape of local associations with their com-
mittees and secretary to be established at the
different lumbering centres, such, as regards
Ontario, as the Ottawa Valley, the Bay of

so it seems very

obtain information and report upon the forest
regulations and administration of other countries,
thus being enabled intelligently to suggest such
a modification of them as might be adopted by
us with advantage under the special circum-
stances of this country. We have much to
learn in regard to this, and we should not defer
taking a lesson from other countries till it is too
late.

TRANSPORTATION NOTES.

LuMBER FREIGHTS from East Saginaw, Mich.,
to Buffalo are expected to open at $3. Saginaw
Bay is still frozen solid in every direction as far
as the eye can reach.

A sERIOusS break occurred in the Erie canal at
Lockport when,the two lower locks of the ten
combined caved in and became a mass of ruins.
It will be some time before the damage is re-
paired. The ten combined locks were complet-
edon October 26th, 1825, and have long been
looked upon as one of the finest pieces of mason-
ry in the State.

THE statement has been made so distinctly
that lumber shippers were willing to pay $1.25
for cargoes from Toronto to Oswego, that it was
considered there could be no doubt about it. A
shipping firm sends a note to the Globe, however,
stating that the Jane McLeod has been chartered
to load lumber for Oswego, as soon as she ar-
rives here, at $1.20. The note contained the ob-
servation also that $1.25 had not been refused,
This may be strictly correct ; but it would have
been more explicit to have said that $1.25 had
not been offered. And, in any event, the state-
ment is from one firm only ; which leaves it
quite possible that $1.25 has been offered by
other parties, which we believe to have been the
case, The rate of steal & is certainly far from
being assured.

THE Chicago Tribune of the 5th has the fol-
lowing observations :—‘‘ Considerable enquiry
for grain carrying vessels is developing. The
shippers in the market do not care to pay over
seven cents on corn to Buffalo, and as a rule
carriers decline to accept this figure, being im-
pressed with the idea that eight cents will be
freely paid before navigation opens through the
straits. Agents anticipate a good demand
before the 15th inst., when the winter storage
ceases. They agree with the owners of vessels
that eight cents on corn to Buffalo may be ob-
tained. On Friday Mr. Geddes chartered the
Canadian schooner Manzanilla, through Messrs.
Atkins & Cecdwith, to load with 23,000 bushels
of corn for Kingston. The agents decline to
make public the rate allowed per bushel, but as-
sure parties enquiring that it is better than
has been paid to a Lake Ontario port prior to
the opening of navigation for several seasons.
They claim also that the freight allowed is
better than seven cents to Buffalo. From other
sources pointers have been obtained which seem
to indicate that the Manzanilla gets about 11
eents per bushel.”

BASS RIVER, N. B.

THE WEATHER.—AlIthough not exactly accur-
ate in all his predictions, Vennor has in some
degree redeemed his credit by giving us on the
North Shore a remarkably severe winter, with
snows of unusual depth, and much broken
weather. The log crop, however, in spite of
these drawbacks, will be a fair one, both in
qnantity and quality.

Loss or Lire.—A number of very serious
accidents occurred, one by which Thos. Cail, one
of our leading lumber operators, lost his life.

THE Drives.—The prospects for brook drives
is excellent, and no doubt seems to be felt of the
stuff coming down.

Our LuMBERMEN.—Our leading operators in
Kent are as nearly as possible in the following
order :—George McLeod, S. & A. Dunn, J. &
W. Brent, E. Walker, R. N. Doherty, J. Ford,
Cail Bros., T. Curran, H. O'Leary, Thomas
Coats, Robinson Bros., Peters Bros., T. & R.
Atkinson, and W. Bowser.

Tue Stump Act, Erc.—Some dissatisfaction
is expressed at the way the stumpage tax is
collected. It in effect offers a premium to
successful fraud. An effort should also be made
to stop the destruction of the hemlock now

going on,
Cc. Cc. C.
March 16th, 1881,

SAINT JOHN, N.B.

Stock or Lumper.—The stock of deals at t
port is unusually low. In past years we gener
ally commenced the winter season with a stoc
of sixty to eighty million superficial feet,
whereas at the beginning of the winter just past,
only about one-third of that quantity was held.
Several cargoes have been shipped during the
winter, and when the loading of the ships now
in port (as referred to below) shall be completed,
the stock will be pretty well exhausted.

Work IN THE Woops.—The past winter,
upon the whole, has been favorable for lumber-
ing operations, but was cut somewhat short by
the uncommonly mild weather pei he
month of March, causing the lakes aud s
to break up very early, and therefore she ;
the work in the woods several weeks, curtailing —
the supply of logs to that extent, which will
amount to a considerable quantity in the

gate. ?
THE STREAMS.—The ice in the river had

wasted to such an extent that it was expected —
to be clear by the 1st of April, but a sudden
change in the weather to severe cold for the last —
ten days has so hardened the ice that it will
probably not run out much earlier than the
usual time, the latter part of this month. The
great waste of snow andice so early causes some _
uneasiness regarding the prospects for stream
driving, and much will dependupon the rains at
the right time as to the quantity of logs that
may be brought to market.

FReicHts.—We have now in port two ships
of over 1,500 tons register each, loading for
Liverpool, two loading for other ports in Eng-
land, and three for Ireland. Freights rule very
low ; one of the above ships is chartered at
56-3 ¢.d. for Liverpool, and another at 57-6 c.d,
for Bristol Channel.

STANBRIDGE, MISSISQUOI. 4
THe Forests Exnavstep.—The lumbering
business in this vicinity is fast dying out. I
stood by its cradle and should not need to live
long to be at its funeral. The extensive pine
forests on the shores of Lake Champlain and its
tributaries, together with those along the banks
of the Yamaska River, disappeared with a
rapidity that leaves us nothing but regret. The
first and best of this timber went to Quebec for
a very low price, the last and poorest to New
York. Then began the slaughter of hemlock
and spruce, which, I think, we realized more
from, than we did from the good pine. Nearly
all the lumber we make now is for home use,
but fifty miles or so north and east of here, we
are told, that along the lines of the new rail-
roads, our “brethren” a-e doing a smashing
business. I say “ brethren,” for all my work-
ing days were spent in this line either as a
laborer or proprietor in a small way. From
long association with this industry, I haye a
fellow-feeling for all who are engaged it it. We
are not the men who get up “‘corners” in wheat,
coal oil monopolies, nor are we money changers,
making nothing for use or luxury, but for all we
ask of the public we give a fair equivalent.
Every blow the axe-man strikes means some
good to mankind, and every plank from the
hands of the sawyer, the same. The “‘shanty-
man” prefers honest labor to loafing round all
winter in idleness or something worse. These
is the true ring in every man engaged in our
business. The operator, or even his subordinate
boss, if need should be, are fit for generals. The
management of Starks of Bennington, and
Brown of Lundy’s Lane. are cases in point.
E. CHANDLE,

RUSSIA.

From recent reports from the interior of the
country we gather that, in consequence of the
unusual quantity of snow in the forests this win-
ter, it is doubtful whether the entire quantity of
timber contracted for by the lambermen can be
prepared. The cutting and sledging of the tim-
ber are carried on with great difficulty. The
frost continues severe at Cronstadt. The ice is —
thick and the snow deep, and the opinion of a
late opening continues to prevail.— Timber —
Journal.

HayArp’s PECTORAL BausaM ; a few doses relieves
the most distressing cough, and a twenty-five ecnt ,
bottle has cured many a sufferer from A: ~
chitis, ae Influenza, Hoarseness and r

the Chest. is the grand specific for all throat a
lung complaints leading to consumption.

ee |

Grade Hotes.

Dutron.—Mr. Daniel McKee, of Dutton,
Elgin Co., Ont., has hardwood logs on hand
equal to 400,000 feet for this season’s cut.

Surcozr.—Mr, A. McCall has two steam saw-
mills in operation this season, and will cut
about three million feet of pine and hardwood.

Jona.—Mr. Britton, Iona, County of Elgin,
Ont., has leased his mill to Mr. McClandress,
who will cut about two million feet of hardwood
this summer.

An exchange says:—Hall & Co’s barges of
Ogdensburg have contracted to bring lumber to
Oswego this season at 90c. a thousand, which is
he same as they received last year.

Port Dover.—Mr. J. Jackson, of Simcoe,
will raft about 7,500,000 of logs to Tonawanda
from Port Dover. Mr. Wm. Tisdale, saw log
contractor, Normandale, will also raft 60,000
feet of pine and 60,000 feet of oak for Tona-
wanda.

BurFato parties have chartered three boats
which will carry 1,750,000 feet of lumber each
trip, and these boats will ply all the season be-
tween Pequaming, Mich., and Buffalo in the
lumber trade. The charter is for $3.87 per
1,000 feet.

LAKE Sr. Ciarr.—On the south side of Lake
St. Clair, west of River Ruscon, and east to
Stoney Point, there is now ready to be rafted for
Detroit, about 3,000,000 feet of elm logs ; 300,-
000 feet basswood logs ; 100,000 feet white ash,
besides a considerable quantity of square tim-
ber. The contractors are Messrs. Berry & Co.,
Moses W. Field, Salliote & Roup, and B. Hall.

At Saginaw lumber freights are expected to
be much better than last season. There are
250,000,000 feet of lumber on the docks, a large
proportion of which is sold. to go forward, and
should the season open late there will be a
pressure for capacity to meet the requirements
of the business. It is thought that freights will
not open less than $3.25 to Buffalo.—Toledo
Blade.

Lake Erre.—Large quantities of saw logs
and square timber are uow in readiness at differ-
ent points on Lake Erie to be rafted and ship-
ped. Mr. S. Wigle, of Windsor, Ont., has
taken out this winter, and has ready for ship-
ment, 80,000 cubic feet of oak, about 4,000 feet
of white wood, and 3.000 ties (equal to three
vessel loads) from the County of Essex. In
Michigan he has 50,000 feet of oak, and in
Ohio 220,000 feet of oak, all to be shipped by
vessel to Quebec and Europe. The Ohio oak
will be shipped from Toledo.

TuHE Montreal Gazette of April 2nd, says that
Oscar Fulton, M.P., of the firm of Fulton &
Wyatt, Avonmore, who is now in the city, we
hear, has made sale to local manufactures of
700,000 to 800,000 feet of basswood, black ash
and soft elm on p.t. The current rates are,
however, from $10.50 to $14.50 per thousand
feet, f.o.b., at shipping point. Everything
points to an extensive trade in lumber of all
kinds during the coming season. Americans
have been in the field making large purchases
for some time past in the different lumbering
regions of Canada as the requirements for the
States this year it is said will largely exceed
those of any former season.

The Argus comments as follows on the
Albany market :—‘“‘We have not any change to
note in the tone or the condition of the market
for pine, hard, or coarse lumber. The ship-
ments continue free, and the market is some-
what strengthened by the large quantity of
lumber sold at Cambridge (Mass.) on Sunday
last to the fire insurance companies. The mar-
ket is more quiet than it was a week or ten days
azo on account of the continued cold weather
checking building operations, and thus keeping
bayers out of market. The shipments of old
aad new sales are rapidly depleting our stocks,
which will be at avery low figure before the
canal will be opened for navigation ; the open-
ing this year, in consequence of the ungenial
weather, will be later than usual, certainly not
before May 1st, and it may be delayed to May
10th.”

Loumeremen will be interested to learn that a
new shanty cook-stove, manufactured by Adam
Hall, Peterboro’, is taking well wherever used.

THE CANADA

BUSH FIRES,
THEIR DANGER AND DESTRUCTIVENESS—A SUG-
GESTIVE SITUATION.

A Kingston correspondent, “Agricola,” writes
very sensibly to the Globe on the subject of bush
fires. His sentiments are entertained by many
others, and hence the interest which attaches to
the publication of his letter. He remarks:

An examination of the files of any paper pub-
lished in the Province for twenty-five years will
show that except in years of extraordinary rain-
fall the particulars of disastrous bush fires during
autumn are given with remarkable yearly regu-
larity ; that the same charges of ‘“‘ carelessness”
and “negligence” are preferred to account for
them ; and that year in and year out the one
opinion is expressed that something should be
done to prevent them. Unless this opinion am-
ounts to a deep-rooted conviction that the de-
struction of property involved is something
enormous, which is really the case, and that
something must be done to prevent further havoc,
the regular occurrence of autumnal bush fires
will but serve to illustrate the law that the direst
calamities are endurable if men are accustomed
to submit to them.

I estimate the destruction, total at that, of
standing timber and fuel—pine, hemlock, cedar,
oak, poplar, tamarack, beech, and maple—in the
county of Frontenac by bush fires during the
past twenty-five years, at 50,000 acres. If now
standing this would be worth at least half a mil-
lion of dollars, and converted into square timber,
sawn lumber, bark, ties, and cordwood, would
be worth $1,500,000. Frontenac has not been
specially visited, Gastings, Addington, North
Leeds, Lanark and Renfrew, and more or less
the whole of the Laurentian region, so far as set-
tlement extends, have suffered equally in Fron-
tenac. It is within the mark to put the loss to
individuals throughout the province at $12,500, -
000 during the past twenty-five years. I do not
take into account the loss to the public from the
destruction of timber on the Crown domain,

It is utterly useless to grapple with the causes
of this calamity by calling on the Government
to inspect, prosecute, fine or imprison. The
remedy is the obvious application of the princi-
ple that the member of a community is entitled
to the protection of his goods and person by
that community. Where the means of protec-
tion, owing to the defective administration of
the law, are inadequate, the commuuity should
satisfy the damage done toa member. Jor ex-
ample:, The township will not hire night-
watches to prevent my sheep being worried by
prowling dogs, and if I must hire a night-watch
I shall have no profit in sheep farming. I can-
not detect the prowlers, but if I have my remedy
for the destruction of my sheep against the
township it will be my neighbor’s interest to see
that his tax bill is not made heavier by the
possession of acur. As the Yaw now stands it
is no concern of mine—that is, it is not my in-
terest to visit a fire on my neighbor’s farm for
the purpose of seeing that he uses due precau-
tion to prevent its spread, unless I have reason
to apprehend danger to my property. If that
danger passes me unhurt it is not within the
scope of my duty to visit the fire to see that
there is no chance of danger to another, else in a
newly settled district I mght find full occupation
as a watchman for the community to the ne-
glect of my own affairs. But if the value of the
timber on a few hundred acres destroyed by fire
were assessed on the township and collected
from the ratepayers, there would soon be organiz-
ed Vigilance Committies of the most efficient
kind. There is another direction in which such
a method would be useful. The fires caused by
cinders from passing locomotives are known to
be frequent. If my stables are burnt, and fires
runs into my wood lot, it will pay me better to
submit to the loss than to engage in a lawsuit
with a* wealthy corporation, who, not content
with injuring me to the extent of $50 or $100 by
their neglect to put bonnets on the smoke stacks
and to erect wire fences, would drag me to the
Supreme Court before they would “‘ givein,” and
probably take away my farm from me to satisfy
their bill of costs. The municipalities could
better take up a case of this kind than a private
person.

Unless rural communities are incited to action
in the way pointed out, just as the inhabitants

LUMBERMAN.
of the English hundreds were made to see it
was their interest to raise a hue and cry against
a thief rather than bear a tax for his robbery,
it is idle to hope for anything else than the per-
manent institution of autumnal bush fires.

Freights from Ottawa.

A recent dispatch from Sttawa says that the
coming season of navigation, so far as rates are
concerned, promises to be for the boat-owners
the best which this section of country has seen
for years, and forwarders are in correspondingly
good spirit. The contracts already made are at
good rates and the prospects is that the men not
now employed will have all they can do at
prices equally good if not better. At the pre-
sent date it is not possible to tell in many cases
what the opening of the season may bring,
several transactions being now pending, which
may change individual bargains. The carrying
capacity of the various forwarders has been con-
siderably enlarged, but the freight to be carried
has increased in greater proportions, so that
they virtually have matters in their own hands,
If they do not become too greedy they will find
all they can do as long as the season lasts.
There can be no denial of the fact that boating
this season promises, to those who understand
the work, to be as great a bonanza as it used to
be some 10 or 14 years ago. Several contracts
have already been made for large shipments be-
tween this port and Quebec, New York, White
Hall and Burlington. Murphy & Co. have
closed for the transportation of a million and #
quarter feet.

THAT Marvellous Purifyer Burpock BLoop BITTERS,
will speedily change the sallow face to one of freshness,
health and beauty. It regulates the Bowels, acts
promptly on the Liver and Kidneys and strengthens
the system when broken down by nervous and general
debility. Ask your druggist for a trial bottle, the cost
is only 10 cents. Large bottles $1.00.

BK. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope.

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

u11

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER.
-Ly

J. K.. POST &*CO:

LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.

OSWEHGO, N.-

Ya

L12-ly

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.

b26

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

Hotel Ottawa,

No. 21 North Side King Square,
S Ed (OLB 5. INis: Be

E. COSMAN, PROPRIETOR.
Terms $1.00 to $1.50 per day.

WANTED

A COMPETENT MAN, with thorough knowledge of
Tram Railways, to go to Jamaica, to take charge of the
laying and keeping in order the rails and road bed of a
ten mile tramway, and when not employed to make
himself otherwise useful. To a first-class competent
man good salary will be paid.

Address, with references and salary expected,

The Waterous Engine Works Co.,
Brantford, Canada,

13

4u12

7

The Subscriber makes to order al] kinds of

TENTS,

Hammocks, Tarpaulins, Waggon
and Horse Covers,

9 Also dealer in all kinds of OIL SKIN
Clothing, Nets and Seine Twines.

An is also Agent for the best makes of AMERICAN

COTTON DUCKS in all widths.

J. LECKIE,

6112 46 Front Street E., TORONTO

White Oak and Ash

LUMBER WANTED.

ADDRESS

YATES AND STRATFORD,

b BRANTFORD.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,
ShippingsGeneral Agents
PORT HOPE.

New Files! T1 Old Files

Manufactured | RECUT
from the BEST | BY HAND, and

English Cast | EQUAL TO
Steel and War- TI | NEW FOR USE
ranted equal | —
to the Best Im- | PRSCE LIST

THOS. GRAHAM, Manufacturer,

85 Sherbourne St., Toronto. 6x11

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA.
JAS. A. GOUIN, - - PROPRIETOR,

Is the Favourite Resort of Leading Public
men of the Dominien attending the
annual Session of Parliament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Parlia
ment, Public Officials, as well as those having business
with the various Departments of the Government. It
is also the headquarters of those having dealings with
the princely Lumber Manufacturers in the Great Pine
Valley, of which Ottawa is the acknowledged centre.

TuE Russet House being central, almost abutting on
the magnificant PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL B
tNc—the pride of the Country—is thus conveniently
situated for those visiting the City on public business.
But the location is also everything that could be desired
alike for the man of business and the man of pl
A few minutes walk brings the guest of the Hote
in reach, not only of all the principal business res
but also of the most splendid Mountain and Valley
Scenery that can be seen anywhere, as also of the two
almost unrivalled Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau
—and of the extensive Manufacturing Establishments
and Depots of the leading Lumberman. But, besides
the beautiful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, in-
cludes the magnificant Ottawa and two of its grand
tributaries—the Rideau and Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar-
ently never-ending woods, which afford opportunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be obtained
on the Continent.

Tue RussELL Hovse affords excellent accommodation
for 300 guests; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and
nothing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
fortably ‘‘at home.”

g== Omnibusses meet the Arrival of

every Train and Boat. b26

ported File. on application.

8

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LUMBERING IN THE NOR’-WEST,

We take the following from the report of the
Department of the Interior for the year 1880 :—

THE TIMBER SUPPLY.

“Although it is, of course, an admitted fact
that there are large prairie areas which are but
indifferently provided with wood, yet the more
the Territories are explored, the more apparent
does it become that the timber supply is not so
limited as was at one time supposed, that pro-
perly husbanded it is sufficient for all practical
requirements, that within a reasonable distance
of the treeless plains there is plenty of building
and fencing timber which can be procured at no
very great cost, when the the means of internal
communication have been improved, and that
on the north slope of the valley of the Saskat-
chewan River there are, easily accessible to the
lumberer, continuous forests of fir timber, for
the manufacture and transportation of the pro-
ducts of which that river and its tributaries
afford facilities.

“The demand for manufactured timber has
increased very greatly in Manitoba and the
settled portions of the Territories, and within
the past two years a sub-branch of the Dominion
Lands Office has been organized, under the
supervision of which the forests on the public
domain have been protected from the systematic
plunder from which they previously suffered,
and have become the source of a large and
rapidly growing revenue.”

THE SAWMILLS.

The following statement shows the names of
owners of all the sawmills in Keewatin, Mani-
toba and North-west Territory, and where situ-
ated, kind of power, capacity per 12 hours,
when erected, kind of timber cut, and kind of
lumber manufactured :—

KEEWATIN.

Adams & Schneider, Pine Falls, Winnipeg
River. Water power. Capacity 10,000 feet.
Erected 1879, Spruce—Lumber, shingles and
lath.

Walkley & Burrows, Mouth of Winnipeg
River. Steam power. Capacity 6,000 feet.
Erected 1878. Spruce—Lumber and lath.

Shore & Co., Big Black Island, Lake Winni-
peg. Steam power. Capacity 8,000 feet. Hrect-
ed 1876. Spruce—Lumber and lath.

Brouse, Stevens & Co., Bad Throat River.
Water power. Capacity 10,000 feet. Erected
1879, Spruce—Lumber and shingles.

Dick & Banning, Whole River (moved from
Sandy Bar Creck). Steam power. Capacity
6,000 feet. Erected 1879. Spruce—Lumber.

Brown & Rutherford, Moose Island, Lake
Winnipeg. Steam power. Capacity 10,000 feet.
Erected 1880. Spruce—Lumber.

Keewatin Lumbering & Manufacturing Co.,
Keewatin Mills, Winnipeg River. Water
power. Capacity 120,000 feet. Erected 1880,
Red and white pine—Lumber, shingles and
lath.

Smart & Co., Hawk Lake, Keewatin. Steam
power. Erected 1880. White pine—Shingles.

Joseph Whitehead, Whitemouth River, C.P.
R. Steam power. Capacity 8,000 feet. Erected
1880. Spruce and tamarac—Lumber. Remoy-
ed from St. Boniface.

S. H. Fowler, Fort Francis.

MAITOBA,

W. J. M. Pratt, Totogon. Steam power:
Capacity 10,000 feet. Erected 1879. Spruce—
Lumber, shingles and lath.

W. P. Smith, Portage la Prairie. Steam
power. Capacity 7,000 feet. Erected 1879,
Poplar and oak—Lumber.

A. A, Taylor, High Bluff. Steam power.
Capacity 10,000 feet. Erected 1874. Poplar
and oak—Lumber and shingles,

Hon, C. P. Brown, Gladstone. Steam power.
Capacity 5,000 feet. Erected 1875. Spruce—
Lumber,

Wesley Smith, Section 83, ‘Township 14,
Range 11, West. Steam power. Capacity 5,-
000 feet. Erected 1880. Oak—Lumber and
shingles,

David Bryce, Little White Mud River.
Water power. Capacity 5,000 feet. Erected
1879. Poplar—Lumber.

John Moonie, Squirrel Creek. Steam power.
Capacity 2,000 feet.
Lumber.

Belmont & Co., Nelsonville, Steam power,

Steam power.

Erected 1879. Poplar—

Capacity 6,000 feet. Erected 1879. Oak and
poplar—Lumber, and flour mill.

Nelson & Sons, Mountain City. Steam power.
Capacity 4,000 feet. THrected 1879. Oak and
poplar—Lumber, and flour mill.

D. Kilgour, Lizard Lake. Steam power.
Capacity 2,000 feet, rected 1878. Oak and
poplar—Lumber. *

J. Preston, Preston. Steam power. Lumber.

Hon, James McKay Estate. Point du Chene.
Steam power. Capacity 6,000 feet. Erected
1876. Spruce and poplar—Lumber and flour
mill,

Dick & Banning, Winnipeg. Steam power.
Capacity 10,000 feet. Erected 1872. Oak—
Scantling and building material, planing mill.

Brown & Rutherford, Winnipeg. Steam
power. Capacity 10,000 feet. rected 1872.
All kinds—Scantling and planing mill.

Jarvis & Berrige, Winnipeg. Steam power.
Capacity 25,000 feet. Erected 1872. Pine—
Lumber and lath, and planing mill.

‘Daniel E. Sprague, Winnipeg. Steam power.
Capacity 7,000 feet. Erected 1880. Pine—
Lumber.

Josiah Cohoe, Section 19, Township 7, Range
7, Hast. Steam power. Capacity 2,000 feet.
Erected 1880. Spruce—Lumber.

Abraham Frieser, Stinbach. Steam power.
Capacity 4,000 feet. Erected 1879. Spruce and
poplar—Lumber.

Peter Tows, Section 22, Township 7, Range
6, East. Steam power. Capacity 1,500 feet.
Erected 1880, Spruce and tamarac—Lumber,
(portable. )

NORTH-WEST TERRITORY.

Robert McIntosh, Rapid City. Stearh power.
Capacity 7,500 feet. Erected 1879. Spruce—
Lumber and shingles.

George Balkwell, Township 138, Range 19,
West. Water power. Capacity 2,000 feet.
Erected 1878. Poplar—Lumber and flour mill.

Alexander Cameron, Rolling River, Town-
ship 16, Range 18, West. Water power. Capa-
city 6,000 feet. Erected 1878. Spruce and
poplar—Lumber.

D. W. Cummings & Co., Bird Tail Creek,
Birtle. Steam power. Capacity 6,000 feet.
Erected 1880, Spruce—Lumber and shingles.

Donald Gunn & Bro., Bird Tail Creek, Birtle.
Water power. Capacity 2,000 feet. Erected
1880. Spruce—Lumber.

E. Roberts, Little Saskatchewan, Big Bend.
Steam power. Capacity 6,000 feet. Erected
1880. Spruce—Lumber and shingles ; building
flour mill and planing.

Armitage & McCulloch, Little Saskatchewan,
Minnedosa. Steam power. Capacity 6,000 feet.
Erected 1880. Spruce—Lumber and shingles ;
flour mill.

Hon. Hudson’s Bay Co., Riding Mountain
House. Steam power. Capacity 3,000 feet.
Erected 1880, Spruce—Lumber ; building flour
mill.

Mitchell, Byers & Co., Section 23, Township
10, Range 16, West. Steam power. Capacity
3,000 feet. Erected 1880. Spruce and tamarac—
Lumber.

W. McKay, Section 28, Township 10, Range
15, West. Steam power. Capacity 3,000 feet.
Spruce—Lumber.

R. H. Little, Littleton. Steam power. Capa-
city 4 to 5,000 feet. Poplar, spruce and tamarac
—Lumber ; building flour mill.

R. Z. Rogers, Millford. Steam power. Capa-
city 5,000 feet. Erected 1880. Spruce—Lum-
ber ; building flour mill.

Stobart, Eden & Co., Duck Lake, North-
west Territory. Steam power. Capacity 5,000
feet. Erected 1880. Pine, small—Lumber and
shingles ; flour mill (portable.)

Captain Moore, Prince Albert, North-west
Territory. Steam power. Capacity 10,000 feet.
Erected 1875. Spruce—Lumber and shingles ;
flour mill.

Hudson’s Bay Co., Edmonton, North-west
Territory. Steam power. Capacity 10,000 feet.
Erected 1880. Spruce—Lumber and shingles.

Morris, McLeod & Belcher, Two miles east
of Edmonton, N.W.T. Steam power. Capacity
10,000 feet.
lath ; flour mill.

Government Mill, Sixty miles west of Ed-

monton, N.W.T. Steam power. Idle.

Williams & Harrison, Section 29, Township

Spruce—Lumber, shingles and

1, Range 18, West. Steam power. Capacity
5,000 feet. Erected 1880. Poplar—Lumber.

D. McFayden, Odanah. Steam power. Capa-
city 5,000 feet. Erected 1880. Spruce—Lum-
ber and shingles ; planing mill.

A NEW HEATER,

The latest apparatus for heating purposes is
the invention of Prof. Webster Wells, Professor
of Mathematics in the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology :—

The principle of this machine is friction, and
the simplicity of construction and adaptability

to every place where waste power can be utiliz-

ed are remarkable. It consists only of an iron
cylinder, 2 feet long and 1 foot in diameter,
having a fixed plate of hardened iron in one
end, and a second plate, attached to a revolving
shaft, which presses lightly ar closely upon the
fixed plate, as circumstances require. The
cylinder is filled with water, the shaft revolves,
and from the friction of the plates the water in
an incredibly short time is heated, and by
means of steam pipes can be carried to great
distances for heating purposes.

The construction of the machine is such that
it is easily adapted to every place where there is
waste power, as in mills, factories, public build-
ings, and cars. In fact, in every place where
any power is used the machine can be applied,
since the power required for its operation is so
slight as to be of almost no account. Thus, to
carry a machine with 36 square inches of fric-
tion plates—the ordinary size—one-half horse
power only is requirtd; while a machine with
225 square inches of friction surface will re-
quire at most but four horse power, and will
heat aroom 60x200, or 126,000 cubic feet. In
steam cars the machine is easily and cheaply
adjusted to the axles, the power being taken
directly from the wheels, so that in case of
accident, such as started the train of thought
which resulted in this invention, all danger
from fire is entirely eliminated.

This machine has already been in practical
operation for some months, and has demon-
strated that with 36 inches of friction surface a
room of 10,000 cubic fect can be heated more
uniformly and quicker than by the use of coal,
wood, or steam, and without expense save the
wear of the friction plactes and the cost of extra
coal under the boiler.—American Engineer.

THE STAMPAGE TAX,

The Newcastle Advocate, which improperly
calls Mr. George McLeod’s letter a “rabid”
one, says in defence of the conduct of the Sur-
veyor General :;—

“Tt is well known that as a rule lumber
operators are very much opposed to the pay-
ment of the stumpage tax, looking upon it as a
grievance, and that to further their own in-
terests they sometimes form a ‘ring’ to keep

down the prices of the lands bid in by them.

Even though Mr. McLeod’s charges are true,
(which we shall not believe until they are sub-
stantiated in the proper quarter), we ask if it is
right for a number of men to combine to lessen
the value of our Provincial lands—our best
source of revenue—would it be looked upon as
wrong for those interested in the welfare of the
Province—those charged with the duty of ad-
ministering its affairs—to step in and break up
such a combination?”

This does not meet, explain, or deny Mr.
McLeod’s most damaging statement against the
Surveyor General’s honor, to the effect that he
(the S.G.) told McLeod that some parties had
applied for his land and that he forgot their
names, when it appeared as a matter of fact that
there was no such application. Further than
this when the Government put their own upset
price on the land it is a most dangerous thing
for them to bid on the land themselves over and
above that price.—St. John, N.B., Globe.

The Ottawa District.

The Hull Despatch speaking of the lumber
trade, estimates the cut of logs in the Ottawa
district at 12,000,000, or an increase of 334 per
cent. on last year’s operations. The cut of
square timber last year was only 2,000,000 feet,
but this year it will probably be 12,000,000.

Raftsmen are very scarce this spring and some

difficulty will be experienced in getting a snffi-
cient number for the drives,

IMPROVED DRYING KILN,

.

A cheap and economical apparatus for drying —

lumber, staves, and other material, has been
long needed, and a great deal of time and money

has been expended in experiments in this direc- _
tion without corresponding results. Messrs EB.

& B. Holmes have perfected a dry kiln which
seems to combine all the necessary requisites
for a successful drying apparatus.

This dry kiln is composed of several sections,

more or less as desired, In the bottom of eachof —
these sections are placed two sets of steam coils _
of novel construcfion, one above the other, for —

radiating the heat, and on the side of each sec-

tion is a thin apartment containing condensing —
pipes filled with cold water, supplied by a

pump or otherwise.
The air in the bottom of the kiln, being heat-

ed by the steam coils, passes up through the

material to be dried, to the top of the kiln, —
carrying the moisture with it. Here it enters
the thin condensing apartment and passes down, __
leaving the moisture upon the condensing pipes, _

and, being cooled, again passes downward under
and through the steam coils, where it is reheat-
ed, when it again rises up through the material,
andsoon. In this manner a very rapid cireula-
tion is secured, which carries the moisture from
the material to be dried and deposits it upon the
condensing pipes, from which it runs into a
conductor and passes out of the kiln, the same
air being used over and over,

Car tracks pass through the kiln, and extend
far enough in each direction outside of the kiln
to allow of loading, drying, and unloading at
the same time. In this way the kiln is kept
open long enough to pass one car out and an-
other in, and as only one section is opened, the
others are not affected or cooled by it.

The doors of the kilns are made double thick-
ness with an air space between, and are swung
on cranes, so that one person can handle them
with ease.—Scientific American.

A SINGULAR CASE,

From the Woodstock Times we learn that a
rather singular case was before the Police Court
in that place on Tuesday, 29th March. John
Dobbyn, of the Township of Euphemia, in the

County of Lambton, who is an extensive lumber —

dealer, preferred a charge against John W.
Adams, of Ingersoll, alleging that he had stolen
three car loads of lumber. A warrant was
issued and placed in the hands of Constable
Hall, with instructions to hunt down his man,
which he succeeded in doing before daylight the
next morning in Ingersoll. The examinations
showed that at a conversation between prosecu-
tor and prisoner, the latter was to meet Mr.
Dobbyn at Thamesville, in the County of Kent,
to cull over three car loads of lumber, which he
was to buy for James Stark, of Ingersoll, re-
presenting himself as Mr. Stark’s agent. At the
time appointed, the parties met, but the cars
did not come. They separated with the under-
standing that as soon as prisoner could get cars

he would telegraph to Mr. Dobbyn to meet him |

again, when they would cull, measure and load
the lumber. Some days after Mr. Dobbyn
accidentally learned that prisoner had been
there without letting him know, and had taken
away three car loads of his lumber. Upon
further inquiry he found that prisoner had ship-
ped the lumber to his own order, and on tracing
the matter up he found that two car loads had
been sold to one Hays, of Ingersoll. The pris-
oner was committed to Chatham jail to await
his trial for larceny.

Birch for Cabinet Work.

The small value of birch wood for fuel, and
its lack of toughness and strength, except in the
smaller twigs, have led to its general neglect in
the arts. Our more enterprising builders of

railway cars, however, have discovered that its _

light weight, close grain, and rich finish make it
admirably suited for certain applications where
fine finish and bright effects are desired. The
contrasts presented when white birch and light
colored ash are relieved by the red of the cherry
birch, are said to be peculiar but very pleasing.

THE growing trade in Maryland in the ship-
ment of ivy and swamp-briar roots to the
northern cities, where they are made into pipes,
whip and cane handles and poor knobs,

~
*

ai

— Ghips.

A matcu racrory has been established in
Gridley, Cal., with a capacity of 1,000,000
matches daily. ‘

TuRrEE black bears were killed on March 14, at
Sargent & Pendleton’s, Beaver Creek, Wis.,
camp, one of which weighed 400.

A GENTLEMAN of Pensacola, Fla., has patent-
ed a timber crib designed to prevent loss from
the breaking asunder of timber rafts.

Less timber than was expected reached Beau-
mont, Texas, on the recent rise in the river.
The mills now have about a four months’ stock
on hand.

Ty is said that the late Lord Seafield planted
no fewer than sixty millions of trees on his
estates in the counties of Elgin, Banff, and In-
yerness during his tenure of them.

THE Duluth Wews says that the mills that are
now running in that vicinity are so busy that
timber for the new Northern Pacific docks is
being hewed instead of sawed.

SxkrpDING has been so difficult in some of the
Michigan pineries, that gangs that before have
skidded 100 logs or more per day, this season
have been able to skid but from 25 to 30.

The mills of Stillwater, Minn., and its vicinity
expect to cut 132,000,000 feet of lumber this
season. The general quality of their stock of
logs is said to be above the average of four or
five years past.

Tr has not been an unusual thing for the
mills on the Penobscot River, Me., to be idle
for want of logs until the spring drive got down.
This year the mills have a good stock of old
logs, and will get an early start.

OPERATORS in the woods of.St. Joseph’s
Island, Canada, during the past winter, got out
91,000 cedar railway ties, 45,000 cedar posts, 11,-
000 telegraph poles, 40,000 tamarack ties, be-
sides large quantities of pine and hardwood.

Rosert Bocart, of Pittston, felled a tree the
other day which was about eight inches in
diameter. Hanging to a limb about thirty feet
from the ground he found a very old fashioned
gun, stocked full length, and which, it is sup-
posed, grew up with the tree. .

THE Montreal Wéitness says:—Passenger
traffic on the Grand Trunk is now very heavy.
Tt is said that it is now carrying more lumber-
men from Michigan to Canada than ever before
in its history. The camps are breaking up and
the men are returning to their homes.

Att the log driving on Muskoka rivers will
this year be under the control of the Muskoka
Slide, Dam and Boom Co., and it is expected
that the logs will be passed through with more
despatch than heretofore and not obstruct
steamboat traffic to the extent they have in the
past. :

THE business in timber at Hamilton will be
something enormous this spring. Several raft-
ing shanties are being erected and binding poles
in thousands are piled along the G.W.R. docks.
Some of the timber there at present is pro-
nounced the finest that. has ever been laid there
for rafting purposes.

Mr. D. B. CHarxeson, of Sarnia, who is one
of the heaviest lumber dealers in Western
Canada, has had delivered at Brigden station,
on the Canada Southern, for shipment east,
70,000 feet of square timber and a large number
of staves. It will require 250 cars to convey all
this material to its destination.

Tue lumber and forest products transported
on the railways of Minnesota in 1880 amounted,
in weight, to 710,863 tons, and if reduced to
feet, at three pounds to the foot, would be 177,-
516,000 feet. The St. Paul, Minneapolis &
Manitoba road carried a greater amount than
any other one.

A CHOPPER, James Melville, employed on the
Menominee river, Mich., lodged a tree that
sealed 4,500 feet on another tree 20 feet away,
tied his axe to his waist and climbed the tree
to the height of 80 feet, where, standing be-
tween two limbs he cleared the obstruction
away.

Tux St. Thomas correspondent of the London

Free Press says that a large quantity of timber
_ is being forwarded from this section, at present,
_ and to such an extent has the business reached
_ this ecason that two timber trains are constantly

THE CANADA

working on the Air Line Railway, both east
and west of this city. A large force of men is
employed, an average of twenty cars per diem
being loaded by each train.

A PARGEL of 2,000 doors, which were sent to
London from Canada via Boston for the Cana-
dian timber company, were disposed of readily;
the quality being reported as very satisfactory.
Another lot was expected in a few days and a
large business in the doors is expected during
the forthcoming season.

A GREAT deal of work for Manitoba is being
done in the factories in Hamilton. The firm of
Robin & Sadler is exhibiting here a unique
specimen of their belt manufacture, which they
have made for a sawmill of the Hudson Bay
Company. It is claimed to be the first belt
made in Canada in one solid piece in the breadth
throughout. Owing to its uniformity of strain
and greater durability, it ensures freedom from
accidents. It is thirty-six inches wide by 88}
feet long, and required in its manufacture fifty
selected hides.

Tur Goderich Star says that Mr. Joseph
Kidd bought at Georgian Bay, a few days ago,
3,000,000 feet of pine logs, ready to be boomed
and brought down as soon as navigation opens.
He has also about 1,000,000 of hemlock, elm and
basswood, up along the shore. These* he in-
tends bringing down by his new boat, the
Josephine Kidd. He is about to have the tele-
graph wire extended to his office at the works,
as soon as the frost is out of the ground. It will
be of the greatest convenience, since his son
commands the electric key.

THE Grand Traverse Herald says: There has
been an unwonted activity in the cedar market
this winter. This is a timber that has hardly
had a “‘ market” yet, but the near future will
open up one for it. Cedar timber is to-day, at
the prices at which it can be bought, the best
investment to be had in the timber line.
Northern Michigan has a mine of wealth in its
low lands covered with this, now seemingly
worthless, timber. Lumbermen and manufac-
turers are already directing their attention to
this matter.

A RECENT despatch from Albany, N.Y., says:
““A large amount of lumber has left the yards
during the week, employing all the boats and
barges that have arrived there. A steady de-
mand has been realized, and still continues.
The yards begin to show the effect of the ship-
ments when no arrivals by canal fill the vacant
spaces. There is still a fair amount of nearly
all kinds for sale, without any change from the
opening prices, but the probability is that the
yards will be nearly bare before receipts by
canal will again give new stock and assort-
ment.”

TuHE Indian Agriculturist states that Messrs.
Shaw, Finlayson & Co., of Calcutta, are desir-
ous of starting a sawmill in the Upper Dehing
Forest, and the Planters’s Stores Company are
going to establish one also in the same locality.
Sir Steuart Bayley says of these :—‘‘ The estab-
lishment of sawmills, two of which it is hoped
will very shortly be opened in Upper Assam,
should create a demand for timber suitable for
tea boxes, and thus replace with indigenous
produce, to the profit of the province, the pre-
sent expensive and circuitous method of import-
ing teak planks for the purpose from Burmah.
Scarcity of local labor, not want of good wood
for tea boxes, is the sole explanation of the
latter, and the mills, if judiciously worked,
should do a good business,”

Tue Farwell Register says : There was unload-
ed at this place last week a new logging railroad
engine for Norris & Uhl, of Grand Rapids, to
be used on the new logging railroad about 15
miles north of this place. This engine was
placed on runners and was drawn by four span of
horses up the Ionia and Houghton Lake State
road to the Gerrish railroad, and from thence
again on runners to Norway Lake, T. 18 N. of
R. 5 W., where the new road commences and
runs to the Muskegon river, a distance of three
miles. Norris & Uhl, as agents for the Warren
estate, have about 45,000,000 feet of logs to put
in in the vicinity of Norway Lake. The logs
are put in to the lake, and from thence hauled
by the engine to the Muskegon river.

Tue Lumberman’s Gazette says:—One and a

half tillion feet of logs 3 for the lumber manu-

LUMBERMAN.

9

facturers of the eastern shore of Michigan to
begin work on when the cutting season opens, is
about the outlook. By which it is not meant
they will all be in the booms, but the log crop,
all told, from the Straits to the Saginaws, will
amount to about that sum. The crop will not be
a cheaply got in one, for not only have wages
been higher, but the labor of hauling has been
increased, especially toward the latter part of
the season, since there began to be so much
snow. The addition to the cost of getting in
the logs is estimated all the way from 10 to 25
per cent. The new cut of lumber ought, there-
fore to bring more than the old, but there will
be no advance unless the market warrants it.

MAINE’S LUMBER TRADE.

The logging season will come to a close next
week. A Penobscot lumberman says there are
still two and a half feet of snow in some parts of
the woods, but the brooks are rising rapidly and
overflowing the roads, driving the loggers out.
About two-thirds of the West Branch opera-
tors are out and the rest are coming. The cut
on the Penobscot and tributaries will be about
140,000,000. Orders are moderately plenty, and
it is expected that the demand will soon be
large. Freights are fair ; we notice one charter
to Boston at $1.60 per M. on lumber and $2.50
per M. on bricks. Considerable short lumber
has been shipped to Boston by rail this winter,
but now the natural channel is open and brisk
times are looked for soon, The lumber mills on
the Penobscot are starting up. The 20,000,000
of logs now on hand on the river will suffice to
keep them busy until the new logs arrive. The
large boom on the ‘‘Saco” about a mile up the
river, will soon be filling up with about 15.000,-
090 feet of logs cut during the winter. Of this
amount 12,000,000 feet comes to Joseph Hobson
of Biddeford.—St. John Globe, March 28,

THE SONG OF THE SAW.
BY J. W. FITZMAURICE,

A song, a song for the millman’s saw,
That whirls with endless din,

Bringing work and wealth to the sons of toil
With its busy whirl and spin.

Though others may boast of the loom or plough,
We value them not a straw,

For our daily strife in the battle of life
Is fought by the millman’s saw.

It gives no theme for the poet’s dream,
Nor story nor song does it mean ;

But the pioneer’s saw in the foremost rank
Of the world’s grand march is seen.

The forests so brown, at its whirl go down,
And cities spring up where they fell ;

While work well done, and wealth well won,
Is the record it loves to tell.

So a song for the saw, the millman’s boast,
Our emblem honest and good ;

We sing to the din of its noisy spin,
Our lay as workers in wood ;

The slaves of the lamp, the forge or the mine,
Must follow wherever we draw,

For ours still is the place, to be first in the race,
That is won by the whirl of the saw.

Why Ice Breaks Down Trees.

A gentleman recently had his curiosity arous-
ed while the trees were covered thickly with ice,
as to the relative weight of the ice and the wood
it surrounded. So he cut off a limb, and found
it weighed two and three-quarter pounds ; after
the ice was melted it weighed two ounces. Two
hours later another trial was made ; at first the
limb weighed four and a half pounds; after the
ice was removed it weighed three ounces. An-
other trial showed a weight of thirty-two
pounds, while the limb alone weighed two
pounds, making thirty-two pounds of ice.

Deserves Success.

Tur CaNnADA LUMBERMAN has become the
property of Messrs. Toker & Co., publishers of
the REviEw at Peterborough. Its typographic
appearance and general make-up is a great im-
provement on what it was previously, while the
information it contains is of much interest to all
in the lumber trade as well as commercial men
generally, being devoted to trade matters. The
LUMBERMAN is made up in pamphlet form, 16
pages, and will be published semi-monthly at $2
perannum, It deserves success,—Ottawa Free
Press,

Advertisements,
‘Wanted.

A SECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER ; also a LATH
PIACHINE, both in good repair. Reply stating we
cash terms or particulars to Box 1002, Peterbor:

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and COMPLETE
CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteen

foot head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough. L10
Reid & Co.,

WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS. Lumber, lath,

shingles, &e. Car lots to suit customers. Best Oulle

in the market at from #6 to $7 per M.
Orrick OX Dock.—Esplande, foot
Street, Toronto

Hardwood Timber Land

Shelbourne

blé

of

FOR SALE.
FOR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWOOD TIMBER
LAND near Nipissing Railway, Coboconk. Easy terme.
OSHAWA CABINET CO., Oshawa. b13

Timber Limits for Sale.

SEVERAL MOST VALUABLE TIMBER LIMITS on
North Shore of Lake Huron.

For particulars apply to THOS. SHORTISS, Imperial
Bank Building, Toronto. b12

Situation Wanted.

A Book-keeper of first-class experience desires a situ-

ation with a lumber firm. An opportunity of aequiring
knowledge of the lumber trade more of an object than
the amount of salary. Unexceptional references both

as to character and ability.
bi5 Apply to the Editor of Tuz Canaps Lumperman.

The Stewart House,

Headquarters of Lumbermen in Peterborough, corncr
of Hunter and Water Streets. Good accommodation.
Terms, $1 per day. Free "bus at trains.
bi5 T. CAVANAGH, Proprietor.

Allandale Junction Hotel

Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 minutes
by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals. Tea and
coffee at counter. Fine brands of Liquors and choice
Cigars. b17 E. S. MEEKING, Proprietor.

Orillia House,
ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north of
Toronto ; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free “bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.
Royalty and the best families.
cording to room.

Paironized by
Prices graduated ac-
b20

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE, Proprietor.

St. Louis Hotel.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size, style and
locality in Quebec, is open throughout the year for
pleasure and business travel. bis

Queen’s Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE.

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) having lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free “bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are well furnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at.
tentive hostler. Free bus to and from trains and
steamboats, b2s

10 , THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

| Market Heports.

Culls, all lengths. . caer 19to25 “* 7x3 10}d,. p.c. ft.
1} and 14com......... Apis Wb. Se 7x8 104d. and 10d,

“e g 3,
TIMBER AND DIMENSION—DRY. uA Ls a ‘+ HOS Bie p- . ft.

Small timber, 18 ft. and under, ......,.......++- Do. spruce battens—
Orrice or THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, \ Ve) pes and ABO Joist..... oh 4to23ft 7x2} 1ojd. PRACTICAL
PerersorovuGH, April 12, 1881. iy an i ‘ 12&13 “ 7x25 104. & 10d.

Although the spring movement has hardly
begun yet, owing to the lateness of the season,
the demand from the United States is good and
most shippers have large orders to fill. The
stock of last season’s cut is rapidly disappear-
ing in the chief centres of trade, so that those
who held their lumber over are likely to realize
good prices for every board they hold.

FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS,

And MILLWRIGHTS.

Liverpool Timber Sales.

On Wednesday last Messrs. James Smith &
Co. held their auction sale. There was a
numerous attendance, both at the sale and at
the luncheon which preceded it, but the majority
of actual buyers were local merchants, only a
few country dealers being in the list. The goods
offered consisted of one cargo of Savannah pitch

2 in. cull plank, all widths...... hn Se Aielaln pls ale 9 00
2x4 culls, all lengths............. anne sacdad: ees (ODO

SIINGLES—16-INCH—DRY—CAR LOTS.

Manufacturers of Marine and Horizontal

and Portable Engines, Boilers, Grain

Elevators and Steam Hoists, Saw and
Flour Mill Machinery,

5

2 90
Cedar aninpiea Wits atotecistheles se teenie tae "32 00@2 50

wre ee
Montreal. Ends of cars and less than car load lots, five cents per | P12 hewn timber and deals, one cargo of Pensa- with latest improvements, a specialty.
Ash, 1 to 4-in, @M..........+ septate #15 00@17 00 | thousand extra. The shingles handled in the Chicago | cola sawn pitch pine timber and and deals, and
ae 6) , . . . .
Basewood, be ae tetenen eee ae rea oe market are all 16-inch. one cargo of Miramichi spruce deals ; aleo to be| myo abel Edward’s Centennial Turbine
ati ON Gao . 15 00@16 00 PICKETS—LATH. sold without reserve a cargo of Bay Verte Ww: Wheel
Black aia “culls, # -.. 55 00@60 00 | Flat, select and clear, d. and N.ss.ss.seseeses ++ $20 00] ruce deals, 320 pieces Quebec 2nd lit ater eel,
0. ond quality, E83) J iss BBARSOCINS 85 00@90 00 | Square, d. and p.......ceeeeeeeees P eed 3.000 ae f due a x quanty .
or este we PY n. face. 100 00@105 00] Flat, rough, good..... Ad yine deals alifax spr 8:28 rs
Cedar, Ene ° fits Se Ri teal Besse *O 08@ 0 10 | Flat, roth: Peik, veuns App dtcddesoncne a earras D1 00 a Qacbannal Feil satel = — ee 297 loge Rodebaugh’s Saw Frame, Mill Dogs and
flat Ab A Aone Satas oc OWOB@ OO |MUrmMathiaistp a. ste Me. se Ma Piurd 2 25 , pr ane SORE fi Saw Guides.
“ square, “ Peccgenla cue ie 6 How ity CEDAR BOTAN DEORE! The hewn pitch was offered first, but did not
Grey elm, 1s quality, sss sieesivsee. OC (@25 00 3 ’ i - =
Grey m, 2) peered Sawed } of 6} in.,7 tt SEPA E BN ni SD OFT aay ¢19 00| meet with much demand, and only about 70 Water-works, ‘the latest nals
Spruce, 1 to 3in., # M..... 7 50@ 8 00 Adi ons ; ih hin Boeken Stee teeeee 4 Pa logs out of 168 were sold at from 16d. to 19d. improved, rsididie! ka ee
« “ my fee v7, SN TTEMR AS Sree Boe tM E SUE % : : “
nee anne clatidoaat Fae anie Se a Takin aaads RN AR ae 16 50 | per ft.; but the planks, 1,500 pieces, were with- . ‘
ec BeeuRio uOaE ... 85 00@ a :
Pine, clear, Ist t quality, @M.. ... 35 00@40 09 i , io. “a ee ign, 7 ar ae 5 ne on drawn, The cargo of Pensacola sawn pitch|__ :
“ ae “ - wen ce 4 in, , round, “tull length ‘ pine timber, averaging 31 ft. cube, was all sold Light and Heavy Brass and Iron Castings
paeens. Lise Cs ae re 2 oF a hi er we as follows :— i
Chicago. Tass Ke ts of to va tt. a4 to Ss in. deep, aa. per ft. Plans and Specifications on application,
8 “ “ec 7 74d. “ec ~
Curcaco, March 30, 1881.—While the weather | 10 feet, per AMCs severe ee eet ee eee ee eet e ee es 24“ 46 “ 12h to 134 “ 154d. to 16d. “
rt 12 ey 40 ft. and upwards, 12 in. and under, 16d. ae .
during the past week has been an improvement Sethi BE REM SAsnPiowe All under 40 ft. 12 “15d. to 15}d. Th W, lk II Fi d,
on that which has prevailed for several weeks Pitch pine planks, chiefly rege Aas x e arkerulilé oun ry
. : - - x ad “s
previous, it has not brought the pe pate ct is “ “ 3x9 & 10, 1334. “ AND
relief in the melting of snow and the clearing The Richibucto spruce deals sold as follows:
- Alban r. 5 Ss as 1O0LIOWS:
away of obstructions to the successful prosecu- \ i 4 porte Te io Fee ey M ACHIN B WORKS.
fon’ of usincas! tlie countrmmyiehnier depen 6 ae rl the yards are as ae ts 5 to ot ft. ~ire a ” 4 te oe -
d af ig PING, CLEAL Api WL. wise gu cicsaliere § Gi cd . ‘ yalkerville, Ont., -, 1880.
dent upon Chicago for its lumber supply, is yet Pine, fourths... 43 00@55 00 2 . iW 4 Bx r é 10 0 alkerville, Ont., Dec. 15
too much loaded with snow to enable the rail- | Pine, selects 38 00@45 00 ON, ae x $4.40
Pine ogd\boX . oschig stare sascha oat einen 17 00@2 9 15 “8x10 6 17 6 W Y
roads to freely transport, or the yard dealers to Pine. Poutien bee Whe he ca vie When ae oon tate id over? b 16 ‘27 “* 3x9 7 2 6 e H. STORE & SON.,
: : : 4 Qe 4E dos :
handle, the stocks which the country demands, ae Ee plauiest. ener Cs hase 8 a. a 2B re one 7 “7 4 64 3 4 . ACTON, ONTARIO,
5 c ine, 10-in. plank, Gulls. cs veusrie viene caens p. (@' “ 2 ¢ “
nd as aresult, while orders are reported in large | pine j 96 8x7 612 6 “ 6 15
D a8 8 Pine boards, 10-in........ss+....++e0e. 25 00@28 00 xd 6 6 15 0 GLOVE MANUFACTURBERS.
volume, the railroads are unable to supply suffi- pine, aR in. hepee wa st a aa ar angie ne The goods offered without reserve sold as fol-
> ine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., @M.......... 2 @ S ipti i i
cient cars for the transportation of the ordered } pine’ 12-in. boards, 16ft........... "98 00200 09 | Lows :— f The best description of GLOVES and MITTS in every
: : “ Air : 2 variety of material and style manufactured by us. b15 F
product. This seems just now the greatest draw- Eine, ane boards, ee se - coe * Spruce deals, Bay V ae £. 8. d
ine, 1} in. siding, select..... se.. 42 WO@ 5 to 19 ft. 3x11 TL Soh
back to trade, and we hear many dealers com- Pine, 1}-in. siding, common.... ......- . 18 00@00 00 10 14" 8x11 6 15 0
plaining loudly of their inability to fill orders ee aa Hiding, Bel6 Chesca « «:deceise ae 40 00@00 00 9“ 21 8x9and10 6 15 0
¥ «oR « « ; =
on this account. Fears are expressed that cus- Shingles, aeAvaat pew i Ais wee = mn, Na 16 dean Meee 6 0 '
FADING ea tareie stele ei niyethneey ard @00 00 12 15 3x8 6 12 6
tomers will get impatient and recall their orders el ae OO eee : ee on x6 is a “ 3x7 9 17 6
Z Soe ' ‘a, sawe SUG cial viccociaisieie ate 25@ 2615 SS 8 6 12.5%
in many cases, although as the evil is one which s clear, Ca I aR hom Do 3 25400 00 9“ 18 PF Bk andl7. 6 17 6
is general rather than local, it is difficult to see cedar, mixed.......... 0... eee 2 75@00 00 | Quebec 2nd pine deals, 9 to 16 ft., chiefly 3x11, 13 and
ee 14, £14 10s. to £14 12s. 6d.

how customers can better their condition by ex-
hibiting an undue degree of impatience.

s parcel of American wainscot oak billets, 2s. 8d. per
oot.
157 oak planks, 3x 10 to 16 in., 22¢. per ft.

Oswego, N.Y.

is THYCG MPPENS):, «tach. aleisielp and ka eaeniae $2 00@45 00 -
Mclean mo cap hantyne, teuaxprees A oHODS) Serine, 5 Me ee ee 32 O0a85 00 | 269 Quebec 4th pine deals, £6 15s. per standard, STOREY’ “EUREKA”

that the first cargo will, this year, put in an ap- | Fine, common.................cse00e oe 20 00@25 00 Sts Aa: P 4 Heme 6 ~e i

: “ Common... .wasra. Natnsieatnicisplelolet oe wee era 00@16 alifax spruce deals, 3x7 and 3x9, £6 15s. to £6
pearance before the middle of April, and few Cillsct ic eee - ‘ 00@ 14 Pe . 6d. per standard. SPRING GLOVE FASTENER, PAT?
look for any arrivals before May 1, and it is] Mill run lots............... .. 17 00@22 00 palings, 5 ff. 3x1, £3 108" ‘per 1,200
hardly probable that navigation will be fully SID rey BOCES Susie Paces be pale a aif. rs ——
open before the middle of that month. ‘This | Mill rans Lag, 13 to 16 fhe werrerennnenes V7 oo@2l 00 Hxapacur.—Why become asuffering martyr to Head-
will have the effect to shorten up the season abippers.. vtec ae ikea Maan Oeite o0@16 oo | ache, when Burpock Buoop Bitrers will surely cure the

cause of all varieties of Sick and Nervous Headache,
cleanse the system, regulate the secretions, relieve con-
stipation of the bowels, purify the blood, renovate the
liver and tone up the nervous system, and distressing

Mill run, 1 and 1} inch strips ........... 15 00@18 00
Onis; se lectern craigre.nteieieialenliet s «)ctalelelaiaters 22 00@30 00
CUBLIS Seis inten wa wtb Ye al Bren eRe tial Rikiky ale bins ote 12 00@14 00

materially. Stocks, are daily reducing, and
many dealers are already anxious to obtain sup-

plies. Prices are reported well maintained | 1x6 selected for clapboards........-..... 24 00@35 00 headache will be unknown, Sample bottles 10 cent
2 a 3 im 2 FF 4 ¥ < yn. § e c 3

under the present list, but we hear of no sugges- Bingles, X, 18: inch, pice: mtg ios : con 3 £0 | Large bottles $1.00.

tions looking to any further advance at present. | Lath............ secseeseetcecenreneeees 1 50@ 1 75

—North West Lumberman.

cre i AAS ; Tonawanda. S R WA R R E N & S 0 N :
STOCK ON HAND MARCH 1.

1881. 1860. 1879. CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION. - i. ; CHAS. NM. LARSEN,
umbenseen gens 398,800,030 338,996,421 302,534,968 | Three uppers......-.s.peeeees see eees $33 CO@40 00 . Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacquered and Enamelled
Shingles.......... 186,010,000 152,072,000 165,950,000 | Common ...es.s......se0esers sessesses 17 00@19.00 Church Organ Builders. Woodwork, Turning and Carving in
Tathiitersicse a ors 4157845270) 37, 1382;219) 33) 887; 2205] Cease sce cis cisielainiasete:s cin \pyeliolaleivisicinivis tees s0@lz
Pickobs teehee 2}251}438 1/467,974 691/570 WOOD, HORN AND IVORY.
Cedar posts......- 177,304 217,362 842,700 Glasgow. B i : a pre I A BR D B A i. iF S

YARD QUOTATIONS—CAR LOTS—DRY.
FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH.

It will be observed from the import list that
our market continues to be well supplied with

Turned and coloured a speciality.
&=MEERCHAUM and AMBER GOODS repsired in

: *
Zz SS . . - .
Poe ape eon fies gan ee DEN FF o pitch pine, about 8,000 loads having arrived at first-class style. bit I
stand iediclears3! im cictwunyl« cine alee iaeiclrereeicens 50 00 | Clyde ports during the past week. This wood 1 ; W
Sdiclear, 14,24 and 2m). Mie cise eid nities fees we 38 00 Ihekcisdw slllen ca gayer Fe eye ° 17% King St. est, Toronto, Ont.
7 and 8 inch clear Bi has rapidly grown into favor, being clean and of
sere a Ani danodqn bos ggedoaueoonuponese large dimensions. It is now indispensable for
pAb eine ee ares WATE, 96 00 | Our ship-building, ete.
WONG BANE oi cseroe dni “yonesos ose a oad 26 00 ‘ATTON. SALE
Cléarisnd Select 2x4 Stecccistesitcitsmictsieiecre si ecieiae 28 MELE UIROE NISMO
ae eae es ‘ On the 15th inst., at Glasgow, Messrs. Single-
engt eXtra,
a ; Be civ ton, Dunn & Co., brokers :— ,
WAGGON-BOX STUFF. : ee : ‘ oo }
BANlandeapweAraais oviec cassia eesewieene aca $43 00 | Miramichi yellow pine deals (mixed qualities)— '
ALIN ANA AIP Bess set loavsn dite h RARER ENS 37 00 9 to 21 ft. 19/21x3 Is. dd. p. c. ft ‘
alsa}, Hralelhoy oo Oba uboorec Monde ctoc oda Ocothyuacr eS ul 9 21 I7/1I8X3 Is. 2d.
1D) ih ee eC ee oe pa a NG A a 17 00 | Saguenay 2nd quality red pine deals—
All 14 feet $2 extra. 10 to 18 ft. 7/11x3 104d. “ ,
STOCK BOARDS. Do: |Srdt flO 157 8x3 as © :
any Do, »** TO) ee 7X3 10d. Gu
i iB PAR el LOM Oshurremeepera(arel ee Welk taieioie is si4's (eel ecexevere $37 00 Saguenay yellow pine deal ends— ;

4 to 8 ft. 7/9X3 10}d. and 104d.
Do. spruce planks—

11 ito 25 ft. 9/11xX2 lldd. p.c. ft.

10°13 9x2 «L1dd. by

Specifications and all information promptly furnished UNIVERS r
anvepipliontign: = st The ALSUSPENDER.
Factory and Warerooms : SOME REASONS why they are the bestr—

14 95 842 Tid: as
10“ 14 8x2 103d. “ : “No Elastio reqnied.
15‘ 25 7x2 iid. Corner Ontario and Wellesley Streets <= 8 slack when: stoop

re OB ein VB 7X2 10}d. and 10d.
DO aa) Ua 6x2 Tid. p.c. ft.
Do. spruce plank ends—
4to8ft. 6/8x2 9d “
Richibucto spruce deals—
14 & 15 ft. 8X3 10}d. and 10d,

mS never slips off the s oulders.
d at prices of common suspenders.

aiid ight Sku Ane oc.
vs 20 Queen St. East, Toronto.

TORONTO, ONT.

&Z You are particularly requested, in onlering, to
mention this paper bls

Wand 20iibe sce. aiusiete alee. ss laerene ase rere sees Ld) 60

Wrought fron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKIN@STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Tron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot boles, with two ovens, each 16
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
commenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well Known and
reliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do,
The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 31, 1880.

Apam Hatt, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove 1 have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
. PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

Apam HALt, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June 38rd, 1880.

A, Haut, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties supplied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

SAW GUIDE THE GENUINE SILVER-STEEL,
. in Lance Tooth

CROSS-CUT SAW!

Self Oiling—Ready Adjusting.

OMBINED PATeW
Oni8% NARMS

Prat & D 82>
spuReene rch

SILVER STEEL...

$100 FOR ONE CUT
$500 ”

Ip

a!

= Rodebaugh’s patent Saw Guide will recommend
apse ig every practical sawer. All that is required is
a trial.

It stands without a rival, and is the fastest cutting saw
in the world. It has beaten the best Canadian and
American made saws 334 per cent in every contest. Its
superiority consists of its excellent temper. It is tem-
pered under the secret Chemical Process, which toughens
and refines the steel. It givesa finer and keener cutting
edge, and will hold it twice as long asany other process.
We have the sole right for this process for the Dominion
of Canada,

None genuine that are not like the above cut, with
registered trade mark with the word ‘‘The Lance,” and
Maple Leaf with our name. Price $1 per foot.

CauTIon.—Beware of Counterfeits. There are in-
ferior counterfeits on the market, which are intended
Wi, to be sold at a high price upon the reputation of this
| 5 it Paie We ane to aad es a saw exactly like
ms 2 At 1y counterfeit, warranted equal in quality or no sale,
aS MUL, at 60c. per foot. Therefore do not Sy humbugged into

paying a first-class price for a second-class saw. A
: a fact to bear in mind is that if the material and temper

No heating of Saws. No danger in setting. Trial | are not of the very best quality the shape of the teeth
free of charge. 427The whole complete only $25, | amounts nothing. A saw, like a knive, will not cut
Manufactured in Canada by fast without it will hold akeen, cutting edge. Wehave

cut off a 14-inch sound basswood log in eight seconds
KERR BROS., Walkerville, Ont. with this saw. Manufactured only by
who may be applied to for further particulars; or

SHURLY & DIETRICH,

Z (i
AAU
dd

Y
y)
j

%

LUE

address
G. W. RODEB AUGH &C O., Manufacturers of es eee Trowels, Straw
bls WINDSOR, ONT GALT, ONTARIO. b15

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 11

MONA IRON WORKS

Bt Ai Tan DOIN, OIE.

JH. KILLEY & CO

Manufacturers of Economical, Variable, Cut-off, High Pressure, and

Condensing Hngines

Patent Circulating and Self-Cleansing Boilers, Improved Feed Water Heaters and
Patent Steam Blast Apparatus for Improving Draft and Economizing Fuel,

First-class Grist & Saw Mill Engines and Machinery
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS and STONE BREAKERS.

BRYCE BROTHERS.

6112

Lumber from BRYCE BROS. to Build the Canada Pacific Railway!

a _ BY) 4

SIT Mug
Ua Suraeg

Office and Yard
Cor. Berkeley & Front Sts.
TORONTO.

‘OLIB}U ‘9]/BAUILAT
‘PONS OLrejuQ Lg

BLAKE—“It looks like good, clear stuff. It strikes me it is about
the only clear thing in the whole business.”

LUMBER MERCHANTS.

The Largest Manufacturers of

SHEET IRON ROOFING

IN THE UNITED STATES.

Can give the Best of References in
every State and Territory.

POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP’Y,§

101, 108 and 105 West Front Street,
CINCINNATI.

All Kinds of CORRUGATED IRON Furnished.

6112

Send for Illustrated Circulars, naming THE CANADA fF
LUMBERMAN, 12u11

M. BRENNEN,

MANUFACTURER AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Lumber, Lath and Shingles,

63, 65 and 67 King William Street,
BS AN EL CON, ONCE

MILLS AND TIMBER LIMITS AT SILVER
CREEK, TIAGO P. 0., ONT.

Bill Stuff cut from 10 to 60 feet.
Posts on hand.

Orders sent to M. BRENNEN, Tiago, P. 0., will
receive prompt attention bb

Has no equal for the permanent cure of
Coughs, Colds, Sore Throat, Asthma, Croup,
Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and

Cedar

all Lung Diseases. (
4@ Every bottle guaranteed to give satisfaction.
Z \T. MILBURN & CO., Proprietors Toronto.

THE CANADA

12

LUMBERMAN.

OTTON & BRO.

HEADQUARTERS FOR

LUMBERMENS SUPPLIES~

brs

=

SHANTY STOVES,
Shingle Bands, Tinware & Household Furnishings

6110

In Large or Small Quantities, at Wholesale Rates.

OTTON & BRO., Dunlop St., BARRIE, ONT.
WHITES CANADA STANDARD

MANUFACTURED AT

The Canada Scale Works !

These Scales are Manufactured of the Very

2 tion. Send for Prices and Testimonials.

JAMES C. WHITE & CO.

102 Adelaide St. Hast, Toront

2 ge = el ce

Hancock lnsqira Nh com

Is undeniably the BEST BOILER FEEDER &
IN THE WORLD. Can be operated while
the Engine is at rest. All sizes will lift
water Twenty-five Feet, at comparatively
high and low Temperatnre.

17,000 of them Now in Use !

Manufactured under license by

Stevens, Turner & Burns

LONDON, ONTARIO.
# Send for Circular and Price List.

JOHN DOTY "4 THE Tomlinson

; (PATHNT)
to.

Fe => BARREL MACHINE

bl2

One man and two boys can turn out

One Hundred and Fifty First-class
Flour Barrels in Ten Hours,

made from veneered wood of two thicknesses. The
inside is one solid sheet of yeneer running around the
barrel, making in reality one hoop from top to bottom,
and in the outside thickness the grain is reversed, run-
ning up and down, finished with nve hoops two inches
wide, reversed again, making the barrel almost three
thicknesses, which gives the package superior strength,
tightness and durability over the ordinary hand-made
flour barrels, yet with all its many advantages cost less
than the old style of p: e. My barrel machine is
arranged to make all si ackages froma large barrel
down to small nail kegs, butter packages and cheese
boxes. Iam open to prove at any time the superior
strength of my barrel. That one will stand more hard-
ship by any actual test than one hundred of the old
ordinary flour barrels. County rights for sale, and all
information given by applying to

JAMES TOMLINSON, Patentee,

113 KING §T, EAST, TORONTO,

MANUFACTURER OF

MARINE ENGINES,

bl4 MARINE BOILERS,
Propeller W heels and Steam Yachts

Best Material, and warranted to give satisfac-

We are Prepared to Supply

LUMBER
MERCHANTS

WITH

READY-MADE

CLOTHING

Cr Bi aes

FURNISHINGS

Blankets, &c.

In such Quantities as may be
required at CLOSE

Wholesale Prices

HOR GAs

PoTLEY & GUY.

GOLDEN GRIFFIN,

128 to 132, King Street Hast,

ome

« TORONTO.

tribute to its extraordinary merits is,
that it was awarded First Prize and Diploma at

Toronto Exhibition, 1880.

Hamilton + S

London

Montreal
over all other yeasts.

TRY IT, AND BE CONVINCED.

Ask your Grocer for it, or send direct to the f
PEARL YEAST COMPANY, 39 Front Street,

ronto, Box 1264, bls

oes
Trish Canadian Office.
Toronto, Feb. 2ist, 1881.
Mr. F. Crumrros,

Dear Sir,—The watch I purchas-
ed from you some time ago, has
given perfect satisfaction, and I
am much pleased with it, and can
coi dially recommend any person
in need of a watch or anything in
the jewelry dine, to deal at your
store. Yours very truly,
PATRICK BOYLE, q

Proprietor Jrish Canadian

Send for our new price list of
Watches, Diamonds, Silverware,
Jewellery, &e., sent pest prepaid
on application. Goods sent C. O.

h, D. to any partof Canada. Wehave

the above, plainly show-
ing that83 King St. East
is the place to buy your

83 King Street East,
TORONTO. b30

ar ~

i=:

ee

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN. 13

M. Covel's Latest Improved

Automatic Saw Sharpener’

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW
STEAM FEED!

I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam
Feed, having put in several which are givin7 the best of sat- *
isfaction, &s will be seen by the following testimonials :—

z GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Fsq., Peterborough.

DEAR >IR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it is admitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I putitinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
jonging toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute.
It can do much smoother and better work than tbe pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. Il am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Cireular Saw Mill for
eutting long or short logs. I consider 1 have cut more

| ii H

MILL MACHINERY!

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for all
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edger#, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, smal! Hand Gom-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Sawe. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &c.

CORLISS

lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it

than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

wi)

ToronTo, August 11th, 1880.
Wma. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.
DEAR Sir—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-

= with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
=Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any Kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power

rf

bie

|

didly. Yours, &e.,

ll : ih i

i

i
per hour. 110

THOMP=ON, SMITH & SON. =

WILLIAM HAMILTON

PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

EB. Fi. DIXON & CO.

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BELTING

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition.............. Ottawa, 1875

\ 4 First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ........... Hamilton, 1876 >N
‘\ A First Prize, Provincial Exhibition.............. London, 1877 : \
q First Prize, Industrial Exhibition............ -Tcronto, 1879 <ame x
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition .............. Toronto, 1880 ¥ iw
Y International Medal, Centennial Ex....... Philadelphia, 1876 X E iJ é
a - Ss a

None genuine unless with 2a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.

81 Colborne Street, Toronto

—<Z x “

as oR D5 y Wilt a
Be a
= = aL NL

The QUEEN'S HOTEL, TORONTO,
McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.

Tet Patronized by Royalty and the best familles, Prices graduated according to rooms, bl7

Carriage é& Waggon Works

No. 17, ALICE STREET, TORONTO.

Oe Pes tee Toa

WAGGONS
SLEIGHS.

All work warranted for one year.

MANUFACTURER
OF FIRST-CLASS

CARRIAGES GS

In the latest style. Superior material used in all branches.

Ba@eA/l Orders Promptly attended to.
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Special Attention paid to Repairing.

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Free omnibuses to and from all trains,

O, T, ATWOOD, of New York, and W, R, BINGHAM, of Bradford, Ont., Proprietors, 20

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Direct Action Portable Saw Mills) MATTHEW GUY,

MANUFACTURER OF

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NOTE THE ADDRESS:

PETLEY & COMPANY

GOLDHN GRIFRIN,

128, 180 and 182 King Street East, Toronto, Ont. vis ities x: = ———— 2 =a
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G. B. M EA D OWS, C. WILSON & SON, Proprietors.

MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN OldestScale Works in Canada. Established over Thirty Years.
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Send for Illustrated Catalogue.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

MACHINERY OILS !|DOMINION BELT and HOS

TO DEHALEARS & CONSUMERS.

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It will give the subscriber much pleasure to forward, post free, to any address, on application,
a pampblet, containing instruction and information that have been found of the greatest practi-
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Address GEO, B. STOCK, P. 0. Box 1146, Toronto.
MUSKOKA DISTRICT.
LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES.

To meet the demands of the Lumbermen in this District, 1 have opened outa

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b12

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING COMP’Y

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

[Se = =
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Special rates to Lumbermen, Send for cata-
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LOSED

15
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Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF

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R. WALKER & SONS,

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16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

AMERICAN SAW COMPANY, TRENTON, N. J,

MANUFACTURERS OF

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EXCLUSIVE MANUFACTURERS OF

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SEND FOR OUR NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE.

=

AGEN TS

Waterous Engine Works Company, Brantford, Ontario.

PUBLISHED \
SEMI-MONTHLY.

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

{ SUBSCRIPT!
1 $2.00 PER ANN

VOL. 1.

FORESTRY AND ABORICULTURE.
BEING THE FOURTH CHAPTER OF THE REPORT OF
THE ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COMMISSION.

Tree Planting—Ages and Dimensions of
Trees.

Hitherto, the observations made have applied
more particularly to the case of persons owning
timbered lands of lesser or greater extent, and
to whom the economical handling and manage-
ment of their bush is of very great importance.
The subject of tree planting will next receive
some attention. It is probable that not a few
farmers neglect the work of planting forest trees
from the notion that their growth will be so
tardy as to make the outlay of time and a little
money worthless to them in their day and
generation. The idea of handing down a fine
estate to their sons is not so constantly present
tothe minds of Canadian farmers as to those
of men in older countries, and a craving to
achieve—even at some loss—immediate returns,
is one of the weaknesses of the times. But it is
possible to show not only that very speedy bene-
fits of a practical nature may be conferred by
tree planting on the soil itself, but also that, in
actual money receipts, the investment will in a
few years be a paying one. Horace Greeley has

.some very excellent advice to give under this
head, and it may not be out of place to quote
his utterances here. Greeley was, it will be
seen, an advocate for the gradual substitution
of new woodland plantations for the old forests
—a very wise policy in most cases when care-
fully carried out. His first remarks are in that
direction. He says :—

“T have said that I believe in cutting trees as

_ well as in planting them. I have not said, and
do not mean to say, that I believe in cutting
everything clean as you go. That was once
proper. It is still advisable in forest-covered
regions, where the sun must be let in before
crops can be grown; but in nine cases out of
ten, timber should be thinned or culled out
rather than cut off; and for every tree taken
away at least two should be planted or set out.

“Why do not farmers infer readily, and
generally, that growing indifferent timber
where the best and most valued would grow as
rapidly, is a stupid and costly blunder? It
seems to me that whoever has attained the con-
victions that apple trees should be grafted,
ought to know that it is wasteful to grow red
oak, beech, white maple, and alder, where oak,
hickory, locust, and white pine might be grown
with equal facility, in equal luxuriance, provided

the right seeds were planted, and a little pains |
taken to keep down for a year or two the shoots |

spontaneously sent up by the wrong ones.

“‘ North of the Potomac and east of the Ohio,
and, I presume in limited districts elsewhere,
rocky, sterile woodlands, costing $2 to $50 per
acre according to location, etc., are to day the
cheapest property to be bought in the United

PETERBOROUGH,

ONT., MAY 2, 1881.

States, even though nothing were done with
them, but keep out fire and cattle, and, let the
young trees grow, as they will. Money can be
more profitably and safely invested in lands
covered by. young timber, than in anything else.
The parent who would invest a few thousands
for the benefit of his children, or grandchildren,
still young, may buy woodlands which will be
worth twenty times their present cost within
the next twenty years. But better even than
this would it be to buy up rocky, craggy, naked
hillsides and eminences, which have been pas-
tured to death, and shutting out cattle in-
flexibly, scratch these over with plough,

mattock, hoe, or pick, as circumstances shall
dictate ; plant them thickly with chestnut, wal-
nut, hickory, white oak, and the seeds of locust
and white pine.”

He then meets the difficuly above suggested.
He says :—

*“Many farmers are averse to planting tim-
ber, because they think nothing can be realized
therefrom, for the next twenty or thirty years,
which is as long as they expect to live. But
this is a grave miscalculation. Let us suppose
a rocky, hilly, pasture lot of ten or twenty acres,
rudely scratched over as I have suggested, and
thickly seeded with hickory nuts and white oak
acorns only ; within five years it will yield
abundantly of hop-poles, though the better,
more promising half be left to nature, as they
should be ; two years later, another and larger
crop of hop-poles may be cut, still sparing the
best ; and, henceforth, a valuable crop of timber
may be taken from that land; for, if cut ata
proper season, at least two thrifty sprouts will
start from every stump ; and, so that wood will
yield a clear income each year, while its best
trees are steadily growing and maturing. Ido
not advise restriction to those two species of
timber ; but T insist that a young plantation of
forest trees may and should yield a clear income
in every year after its fourth.”

In the Report of Dr. Hough, already referred
to, and from which the quotation from Mr,
Greeley is made, is a statement bearing upon
the same subject, made by Mr. O. B. Galusha,
in the course of a lecture delivered at the In-
dustrial University of Illinois, in 1869. Mr.
Galusha snys :—

“Let us estimate the expense of raising a
growth of ten acres planted with white ash and
black walnut, five acres of each. These varie-
ties grow at about the same rate, and are about
equally valuable for lumber.

““A good way is to plant in rows eleven feet
apart, running north and south, and three feet
eight inches (in the marks for corn). This will
secure straight trees, being closer, and they may
be thinned out to eleven feet each way when
large enough to use for grape-stakes, bean or
hop-poles. This will give 300 trees per acre, or
3,000 trees in all, allowing for some vacancies,

though in all cases of tree planting. whether in |

groves or screens, a supply of good plants grown

elsewhere should always be in readiness to use |

in filling vacancies, which should be done at the
end of the first year.

“The preparation of the ten acres at $5 per
acre would be $50. Average cost of seed, 50
cents per acre, $5. Planting, $25. The culti-
vation during the first five years will be paid for
in the crops grown between rows. For cultiva-
tion from fifth to ninth years (four years), with
horses only, $30 per year, $120. After this time
no cultivation or care will be needed. This
makes the entire cost, in seed and labor, of the
ten acres of trees, $200. These trees will at
twenty-five years of age, average sixteen inches
in diameter at the ground, and about ten inches
at the height of sixteen feet. This will give,
deducting waste in sawing, 120 feet of lumber
per tree. Allowing one-sixth for damage by the
elements and loss from other causes, we have in
round numbers, 360,000 feet of lumber, which,
at $50 per thousand would amount to $18,000.
The value of the tree tops for fuel would be
equal to the cost of preparing the logs for the
mill, and the expense in sawing would not ex-
ceed $5 per thousand. This, added to the cost
of producing the trees, and the amount deducted
from the value of the lumber, leaves $16,000 for
the use of ten acres of land for twenty-five years
and the interest upon the amount expended in
planting and cultivating the trees. This state-
ment may be deemed incredible perhaps, by
those who have not previously turned their
attention to the subject ; but after much study
and many years observation and measurements
Of growths of different varieties of trees, I am
convinced that in all well-conducted experi-
ments in growing artificial groves upon our
large prairies, the profits will not fall far, if at
all, short-of the rates above stated.”

As the owner of a large farm and other land-
ed property, Senator Allan has taken a deep
interest in this particular question. He has
been able to fix with considerable certainty the
exact age of several varieties of forest trees, and
gives the results in the letter already referred
to. What the size and quality of the tree may
have been, and how far it would have been
marketable at earlier stakes of its growth may
be inferred from its measurements at maturity.
The Senator says :—

“Tn enumerating the trees which I consider
desirable for planting, I have named only those
which could generally be ebtained without any
great difficulty or expense, in almost any part
of Ontario, and I shall now give some data,
which will show what growth these trees will
attain within a specified time, taken from
memoranda kept by myself, or which have come
into my possession, and for the accuracy of
which I am prepared to vouch.

‘* Elm trees taken from the woods as young
trees of about 6 inches round the stem, and

between 8 and 9 feet high, have attained, in |

forty-five years, a height and girth round the
stem at 3 feet from the bottom, in several in-
stances as follows: One 60 feet high, 8 feet in
circumference at 3 feet from the gr:

a 7
yund 5; one bo

| z : Sai
| feet high, 8 feet 2 inches in circumference at 3
| . -~r

feet from the ground; one 60 feet high, 7 feet
|9 inches in circumference at 3 feet from the

ground. Another elm planted about fifty years
ago, a small tree from the nursery gardens, has
now grown to height of 70 feet, with a girth at 3
feet from the ground of 8 feet 6 inches.

‘“* A red oak, planted as a sapling about forty-
eight years ago, is now nearly 50 feet high,
messures 5 feet 8 inches round the stem at 4 feet
from the ground.

‘“ A maple of the same age, is 6 feet 5 inches
round the stem, and nearly 60 feet high, and
two others planted within the same period, are
6 feet in girth at four feet from the ground, and
between 50 and 55 feet high.

‘“ All three of these were, when planted in
their present position, young trees about 6 or 7
feet high—just the size at which they can be
most safely transplanted when taken from the
woods. °

“Of beech I have no record that I can entirely
depend upon, but I believe one that I measured,
which gave nearly 4 feet as the girth at about
the same height from the ground, and was about
38 feet high, has been planted over forty years.

“A butternut between forty-seven and forty_
eight years old, measured 6 feet round the stem
(4 feet from the groucd), and has attained a
height of 75 feet.

‘* Of two ash trees planted fifty years ago, on
is 60 feet high, with a girth of 6 feet 5 inches ;
the other about 55 feet high, girth a little over 6
feet (3 feet from ground).

“Tt will be seen from this memorandum that
the elm has made the most rapid growth of all
these trees, and the maples come next ; although
the ash is close upon them.

“*Of evergreens (native), I can only give with
certainty the white pine. Two of these—both
planted fifty years ago—have reached, one a
height of nearly 70 feet ; the other a little over
60 feet. One measures 6 feet 6 inches ; the other
a little over 5 feet, at four feet from the ground.

“*Tt will be seen, therefore, that, within an
averge of fifty years, trees transplanted at just
such a size as they can be safely and conveni
ently taken up when growing in the woods (say
from 5 to 6,8, or 10 feet high) have attained
dimensions, which render them very-valuable as
firewood, as well as being perfectly sufficient
for many useful purposes about a farm for
which timber of a moderate size is suitable and
requisite.

“T do not think that, with such facts

and

as

| these, it can be said that there is anything

visionary or impracticable in the means I have
suggested for meeting the coming scarcity o
timber in Ontario, and supplyimg the wants
which will soon make themselves felt, even by

2

THE CANADA

the present generation of farmers, and will
certainly press heavily upon their children, if
not provided for in some way or other.”

On this very interesting subject, other wit-
nesses before the Commission also gave evi-
dence,

An indication of the periods at which hickory
and walnut will be of marketable value may be
obtained from remarks made by Mr. Beadle.
He says :—

“‘ Hickory trees might be planted quite close
together, say three or four feet apart, with a
view of thinning them out after they get as
large around as a man’s arm, because wood of
that size would be valuable for many purposes.
Black walnut would require to be planted
farther apart, because they would be of no use
until they were about as large around as a man’s
leg. Besides it is rather umbrageous in its style
of growth, while the hickory is upright.”

Mr. Beall, of Lindsay, has experimented with
the black walnut. These trees, in fourteen
years from the seed, have attained a growth of
some eighteen to twenty-one inches in circum-
ference, are twenty feet high, and have borne
nuts for five years. He says :—

“‘T would consider black walnut the most
valuable of all trees for forest planting. I know
it will grow and succeed in this district. I do
not know of any person who has grown it or
attempted todo so but myself. I have about
fifty very fine trees. I have some that will
measure from six to seven inches in diameter,
and are about twenty feet high. I have grown
them from nuts planted in 1866. I know of no
tree that will grow so easily, so rapidly and
with so little trouble. The trees I mention are
bearing nuts now, and [ think I observed nuts
on them five years ago.”

Mr. Leslie says of the American elm and
Buropean larch :—

“‘The American elm, and European larch,
would also be suitable for this purpose. The
latter makes the best railway ties of any wood
in the world, as it is almost indestructable. It
is a very rapid grower, and in ten or twelve
years’ time the wood is of merchantable propor-
tions, and useful for many purposes. Of course
it would not be fit for railway ties by that time,
but suitable for manufacturing purposes.”

Of the butternut and hickory, he says :—

““The butternut is a very fine tree, and a
quick grower, a little more rapid in its growth
than the black walnut, and is useful in many
ways. It makes capital wood for veneering.
The hickory ig hardy as far north as Peter-
borough, but is a slow grower, though it can be
used for many purposes when three-quarters of
an inch or an inch in diameter.”

Mr. Caldwell, M.P.P., says on this subject:

“TY would plant elm, maple, ash, and bass-
wood, all fast growing trees, mingled with
spruce and cedar as evergreens, as well as pine.
T think an elm would be forty to fifty years in
attaining to ten or twelve inches in diameter.
The soil would have some effect on the growth,
but I do not think that either ash, maple or
basswood would grow much faster than the elm.
A maple eight inches in diameter might be tap-
ped for sugar ; I think it would then be twenty-
five to thirty years old. I have not experience
enough to speak positively on that point. Lom-
bardy poplars twenty-two years old, measured
by me, are from six feet to eight feet four inches
in circumference,”

Mr. Henry Ives, quoted by Dr. Hough, gives,
in the spring of 1876, his experience in a com-
munication to the New York Farmer’ Club. He
says :—

“Five or six years ago, I planted two acres
with four-year-old seedlings of white elm and
soft maple into forest rows sixteen feet apart,
and three feet apart in the row. Now the best
of them are twenty feet high and twelve inches
in circumference, and for thinning out the rows.
T sell trees for more money than wheat would
have brought grown for these years, and can
continue to sell so until they are so large that I
can take them for firewood, and I am growing a
good crop of orchard grass between the rows.
So that these trees in forest timber are paying
as well, and are likely to pay as well for years
to come, as any other acres on the farm. I am
cutting now the second crop of wood, where the
first or original timber was taken off about
twenty-five years ago, and last winter 1,000

rails were taken by a neighbor from one-third
of an acre of growth, besides a quantity of tim-
ber from the top, and timber not making rails.
Another neighbor used nice black walnut lum-
ber in building a fine farm-house, sawed from
the trees he had helped to plant when a boy.”

The value of the white ash has been specially
noticed. Ina paper, published in the Transac-
tions of the Northern Illinois Horticultural
Society, it is shown that, in a ten-acre planta-
tion, raised from seed, at the end of twelve
years, with good culture for the first four years,
and proper soil, the grove would have 12,000
trees on the ten acres, averaging eight inches in
diameter.

THE AUSTRALIAN TRADE,

Messrs. Gemmell, Tuckett & Co., of Mel-
bourne, report under date of February 15th, as

follows :
We have to report a steady demand during

the month for most descriptions of building
materials. The amount of business carried
through at auction and privately has equalled
our anticipations ; and prices realized support
late quotations.

Canadian Wood—The cargo ex Republic was
placed at auction on the 11th inst. Spruce
deals realized an average of about 3 7-16d. per
foot of 9x3; clear pine 2 inches, £17 12s. 6d.,
and 12x1, £14 per M. super.; 6x spruce t. oa
g. flooring, 8s. 3d. per 100 feet lineal, being an
advance on recent rates. The cargo ex Un-
daunted, from St. John’s was offered at auction
on the 4th inst. Prices not being equal to ven-
dor’s limits, the bulk was withdrawn.

Messrs. C. 8. Ross & Co., of Melbourne, also
report as follows :

Spruce Deals—Imports—Canada and United
States, 50,027 pieces; United Kingdom, 5,219
pieces. The principal arrivals have been the
Veritas, from London ; Republie, from Sague-
nay, and Undaunted from St. John. The Un-
daunted arrived via. Adelaide, and it is imex-
plicable (in face of the bulk of the cargo ex R.
B. Fuller having been sold in December last at
an average of 38d. per foot. 9x3), why her cargo
was not discharged in that port. The offerings
for the past four weeks have been parcels of 4,-
000, ex Veritas, which being held far above
market, resulted in sale of-600 pieces only ;
cargo ex Undaunted resulting in sale of 1,800
boards, at from 4d. to 84d., and 8,922 battens,
at from 31-16d. to 3d. per foot, 9x3; and all
the spruce deals and boards in the Republic at
from 39d. to 34d. per foot, 9x3. The imports
for seven months foot up 119,729 pieces, 30,000
pieces more than has been landed here during
any year for past seven, and 600,000 pieces
more than the annual consumption.

A NEW DEPARTURE IN THE TIMBER
TRADE.

The Ottawa correspondent of the Globe writ-
ing on April 18th, says that there has been no
rain in this section for six weeks. The water in
the Ottawa and its tributaries is in consequence
very low, and there is felt to be considerable
doubt as to the logs and timber cut during the
winter being got down. Arrangements have
been made by the Scotch Lumber Company
with the Canada Central and Occidental Rail-
way Companies for the shipment of their entire
winter’s cut of square timber on the Temisca-
mingue from Mackay’s Station to Quebec, a
distance of 475 miles. It is stated that the rate
of freight agreed upon is five cents per foot
Special trains will mauage the service, as there
will be some twelve hundred car loads in all.
Business on the railway lines named will thus
continue to boom right along. This shipment
of square timber by rail from the limits through
to Quebec marks a new era in the trade.

OTTAWA,

Mints at Work.—Gilmour & Company’s
steam mills commenced work on Monday after-
noon. They give employment to several hundred
hands,

NAVIGATION OpENED.—The Lower Ottawa
Navigation Company’s passenger steamers com-
menced their regular trips on Monday last.

Surerinc.—Lumber shipping has commenced
in real earnest.

Busy In THE YARDS.—The Chaudiere yards
are all bustle and excitement.

LUMBERMAN.

THE U.S. TIMBER CENSUS.

Cuicaco, April 16,—Since the announcement
that the census will report only 81,650,000,000
feet of standing pine in the three States of
Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, the log
cut of this season becomes a question of much
interest. Admitting the correctness of the
Government figures, a simple calculation shows
that the lumber industry of those States at its
present volume will extend over a period of only
twelve years. Take into account the natural
inerease and the years will be reduced to ten.
Such calculations would be more interesting had
not Maine many years ago been set down as a
State whose forests in a few years would be cut
away ; yet to-day she is as much of a pine tree
State as ever, and is producing as much lumber
as she ever did, though of an inferior quality.
Still more interesting would the calculations be
were it not that the figures were made largely
by pine land owners, who are not likely to take
the ‘‘ bear” side of the question when their own
interests are at stake.—W. Y. Tribune.

WESTERN ONTARIO TIMBER.

The Ailsa Craig correspondent of the London
Free Press says :—Large numbers of men are
now at ‘work rafting, and will find full work all
summer. The quantity of timber got out in
Western Ontario the past winter is the largest
for 20 years, and the prices paid the highest
during that period. Many supposed that the
supply of timber was exhausted, but it would
seem that there was a large reserve. Many
farmers who have been holding for fancy prices
for a long time parted with their trees this
season. The railways will have a busy time
moving the accumulations at the several depots.

Elm, oak, cherry, pine, ash, beech, walnut
and birdeye maple are the varieties of timber
got out this season. Elm is scarce, also ash.
Walnut is fairly exhausted. Holders of pine
are obliged to part with it, as the old trees are
dying. Another season like the last will cer-
tainly finish the timber business in Western
Ontario. It will be almost impossible to repeat
the transactions of the past winter.

Two Thousand Dollars.

The easiest, cheapest and best way to secure
the above amount is to apply for membership
in the Mutual Benefit Association of Rochester,
N.Y. Pay Dr. S. B. Pollard, 56 Bay Street,
one dollar for four medical examinations, he
will send your application to the head office, if
you are accepted as a member they will issue a
certificate of membership, which, on payment
of eight dollars, entitles you to full benefits as a
member, should you die to-morrow, next day,
next week, next month, or any time within
three months, this Association will pay to your
heirs, or assigns, the sum of two thousand
dollars. At the expiration of the three months
all you have to do is to pay your pro rata
amount, which is from 20 to 75 cents on the
death of some other member, who has done
nothing worse than to die during the three
months just past. By paying your assessments
on deaths, you keep your certificate alive, and
at the commencement of the second year you
are assessed two dollars per thousand to keep up
office expenses, etc., for the next year. No
casier, surer or better schemes to carry two
thousand dollars has ever been devised than the
Mutual Benetit Associates, of Rochester, N.Y.

5-1-13

Messrs. R. Cotiart & Co., of Liverpool, say
that the stock of yellow pine timber is about
double that held at the same time last year, but
the deliveries from the yard have been on a fair
scale ; sales have been by retail only. The con-
sumption of red pine has increased, but the
stock held is excessive. For oak there has been
less inquiry, and the consumption compares un-
favorably with the very large consumption of
the corresponding month last year, but the
stock is not heavy ; there are no sales to report.
Elm and ash have been in fair request during
the month. The stock of Quebec pine deals
consists of 10,088 standards, against 4,033
standards at the same time last year ; the con-
sumption has been small, and prices are barely
maintained. Birch is heavy in stock, but the
consumption during the month has been on an
increased scale.

LUMBERING IN NEW BRUNSWICK.

A correspondent of the Montreal Here d,
writing from Newcastle, sends a report of the
lumber operations in the Miramichi district for
the present season. He estimates the
cut this year on the north-west and south-west
branches and the Lower Miramichi at 112,000,-
000 feet of lumber—13,000,000 feet less than the
estimate already published. He states that
quite a large percentage of the quantity credited
to the south-west Miramichi was cut last season
but “hung up” by the lowness of the
freshet, and should, therefore, not be includec
in the estimate. The most of Mr. William
Richard’s drive was “‘hung up,” and of .e
lumbermen had more or less logs left in the
streams. The quantity of logs cut on the south-
west branch this year our correspondent p) es
at 52,000,000, which is 8,000,000 or so more than
was cut in the winter of 1879-80. Onthe north-
west he thinks 17,500,000 feet of spruce was cut
—or 2,500,000 more than the previous year’s
harvest. On the main Miramichi he places the
the quantity at 25,000,000—which would be an
increase of 5,000,000 feet.

b
amount

FOREST FIRES.

Orrawa, April 25.—Bush fires have started
in this vicinity.

Boston, Mass., April 25.—Forest fires are
raging in Woonsocket. Cumberland, and the
adjoining townships. q

Woonsocket, R. IL, April 25.— Extensive
forest fires are raging along the Providence and
Worcester road near the towns of Woodstock,
Cumberland and Lincoln, and hundreds of acres
have been burned over. The damage will be
heavy.

Mipp.eton, N.J., April 25.—Forest fires
have broken out in numerous places in this
vicinity.

Mixrorp, Pa., April 25.—Large forest fires
are raging in Sussex county, N.J. Fires are re-
ported in the back townships of Pike county
doing considerable damage.

Littte Rock, April 25.—A Saoly named
Dement camping on the mountains in Stone
county were surrounded by forest fires, and a
woman and two children perished. Dement
was badly burned in endeavouring to rescu
them.

New Brunswick Items.

Messrs. Hayford & Stetson have made exten-
sive improvements in their, in a very large
furnace, also ‘a new boiler, making eight in all.
The furnace will consume sawdust and other
refuse. Their engine has been thoroughly over-
hauled, and the building generally repaired.
They expect to cut about 12,000,000 feet this —
year. Much of their logs is now in the Frederic- ”
ton booms and will be rafted as soon as possible.
They start sawing some time next week.

Randolph & Baker’s mill has been sawing
steadily since March 30th.

The steam saw mill at Barnesville, K.C. ©
which was owned by Samuel Currie, was burned ©
to the ground on the 8th of April. A consider-
able quantity of lumber was also destroyed,
The mill had only started the day previous, and
the loss will be a severe one to Mr. Currie, who
had no insurance, The mill and contents were
valued at about $2,000.

Doing the Work Well.

Tur CanapDA LUMBERMAN has come into new
hands and we are glad to see that it is doing
well the work which it proposes to itself, and
for which there is ample room in the Dominion.
Messrs. Toker & Co., of Peterborough, are the
new proprietors of the paper.—Canadian Iilus-
trated News.

Tuey ALL po rt.—Everybody uses ‘‘TxARERRY” for
the teeth and breath, the newest, “—- cosiest
little toilet gem extant. Try a 5 cent sample.

Dyspepsta.—Strenthen ur di

yo a cae Geel

stomach ree ae = — ss
food you take; the iy ni it
wey sent and
. eeps you regular, and = a 2 eat ten-penny
nails.

vigor. Zo; cleanses the entire

maa Lett da 1 cards Babee
tters and postal come in

of cures and help frem Zopesa, from Brazil. Pees 3

proof of the health and vigor it gives in a ten

sample. Ask your druggist.

Ix cases of Chronic Diseases which doctors have |
failed to cure, BoRDOcK Bioop Brrrsrs has achieved
test triumph. All peo * She the
ane. S sete DerpoenS , Rhee-
matism, Piles, Female nts, i on all forms of lost
vitality, are pl peer aia cured by this great renovating
Tonic. Trial bottles only cost 10 cents.

Grade Motes.

Canadian,
Tur Parry Sound mill commenced sawing on
the 6th of April.
BUILDING operations in Montreal during the
summer promise to be exceedingly active.

Tue rate from Brockville to Oswego is 90

cents per 1,000.

THE average rate for lumber from Toronto to
Oswego seems to be $1.25 per 1,000.

Tux harbor of Duluth is not expected to open
before the middle of May.

8,000,000 feet of lumber awaits the opening of
navigation to be shipped from Parry Sound.

GODERICH rates are quoted fifty per. cent.
higher than last year, and a charter has been
made.

Tue schooner Denmark has been loaded with
timber at Toronto—an unusual proceeding as it
is generally rafted.

A\GENTLEMAN who arrived at Ottawa from
the Black river on the 22nd of April, reports
a foot of snow there.

THE saw mill owned by Alex. Carson, at
Gorrie, was destroyed by fire on the morning of
the 23rd April. Loss, $4,000; no insurance.

A FIRE in Hall & Brown’s lumber-yard, Ber-
lin, Ont., on the 18th April, destroyed $300
worth of lumber before it was subdued.

THE steam barge Tecumseh, has been charter-
ed to take ties from Cockburn Island to Chicago
at 10 cents each and cedar posts at 64 cents
each.

THE shipment of lumber from the Chaudiere
docks commenced on Monday last. The quan-
tity to be shipped promises to be larger that
that of any previous season since 1872.

THE scow Onward, of Buffalo, has been
chartered to carry five loads of about 160,000
feet each, from Port Hope to Wilson and Oak
Orchard, N.Y., at the rate of $1.50 per 1,000.

THREE lumber barges are being built at Lud-
ington, each 168 feet long, 36 feet beam on deck
and 84 feet deep in centre. They are to be tow-
ed by a steam barge and will carry 600,000 feet
of lumber.

FourTEEN lots of hop-poles, sufficient to make
many car loads, have been deposited along the
railway track east of the Trenton station. The
poles are the property of Messrs. Rathbun &
Son, and are intended for shipment southwards.

American.

Tue Chicago Tribune says if the cheap rates
on the railroads are continued, vessels may haye
to accept 4 cents per bushel for wheat to
Buffalo.

Tue Grand Rapids lumbering firm operating
in Kent county, has bought a Monitor portable
farm engine to use in loading logs upon cars in
the pineries.— Detroit News.

Hina Sisrey, of Rochester, N.Y., has pur
chased 9,500 acres of pine lands on the Au Gres
River of D. Wright & Co., for the sum of $180,-
000, This tract it is estimated will furnish 100, -
000,000 feet of timber.

Mr. G. W. Hort, of Buffalo, manager of the
commercial line of propellers, has concluded a
a contract with the Grand Trunk Railway Com-
pany, according to which the boats of this line
will carry during this season the up freight of
the railway from Port Huron to Chicago. The
contract, however, does not cover east bound
freights.

THE Northwestern Lumberman says that maple
flooring continues in good demand in Chicago,
and we doubt if there will be much of it left in
stock by the opening of navigation. There is
some that comes by rail from Wisconsin, but
the bulk of it reaches here by water from Michi-
gan. The season of navigation will bring to
light a large stock, but we look for it all to be
wanted. Building operations will be exceed-
ingly brisk in this city during the year, and
maple flooring is constantly growing in favor.

A company has been organized for the pur-
pose of constructing 2 railroad through the tim-
ber counties of Wisconsin, to be known as the
Great Northern Timber Belt Railroad Com pany.
The road will pass through the counties of
Oconto, Shawano, Langdale, Marathon, Taylor,
Chippewa, Lincoln, Price, Barron, Polk, Bur-
nett and Douglas, The east end of the pro-
Jetted road commences at some point on Green

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Bay, either Oconto or Marinette. —Lumberman’s
Gazette.

Last fall the lumbermen of Duluth organized
a company to improve the St. Louis River, with
a capital of $50,000, The contract to do the
work was let to the well known railroad con-
tractors, DeGraff & Co., of St. Paul, who have
done a most thorough job. The river is now in
fine condition for log driving, and there will be
no difficulty in filling the mill booms at Duluth
this spring from last winter’s crop. We con-
gratulate our Duluth neighbors upon their suc-
cessful enterprise. Pluck, energy, enterprise
and work win !—Ashland Press.

British.

Tur deliveries of both hewn and sawn pitch
pine have been large, and prices have been steady
throughout the month ; there has only been one
cargo sale, the arrivals having been almost
entirely on contract.

Tux result of Messrs. Churchill & Sim’s late
sale is regarded as being generally satisfactory
to holders of stock. Certainly the effect of the
sale upon the better qualities of redwood stock
is likely to be eminently satisfactory to holders.

Many of the London agents are now on the-

coast, endeavoring to effect sales, but so far we
do not hear that their efforts have been crowned
with much success, as buyers are still holding
off, in the expectation that prices may possibly
come down. It is reported that two cargoes of
Uleaborg deals and battens have been sold at
prices decidedly low as compared with those
ruling during the past season.

THE consumption of spruce deals has been
about the same as last year, but stocks are too
heavy for us to expect any early improvement
in value; imports during the spring months,
however, are likely to be on a very small scale
compared with previous years, as stocks are
unusually low at the shipping ports. Pine deals
are moderate in stock, but the demand is limit-
ed. Birch, notwithstanding the large stocks,
has fully maintained its value, but there cannot
be much improvement until stocks are reduced.

“WHAT’s inaname? The rose by any other
name would smell as sweet.” We do not dis-
pute that point with the poet, but certainly
spruce, by any other name, does not sell as well
as that which is called Quebec. The next in
esteem seems to be that from St. John, N.B.,
which went at 30s. to £2 lower than Quebec,
and Miramichi 10s. toa pound below that of
St. John. It is true Miramichi pine deals went
badly here, but that does not alter the case, for
our Liverpool correspondent tells us there ap-
peared to be no demand for pine deals at all,
and very few were sold at the auction aforesaid,
while here in London 1st bright Quebec pine
deals went better than they have done for some
time past up to £23 5s.

OnE of the noticeable eventualities of the
great sale last week wss the way that Quebec
spruce held its ground, in spite of the enormous
quantity of other kinds thrown on the market,
at the same time and place, to go at any price
that could be obtained for it. It may be said
that, instead of suffering from this competition,
it beat it, and triumphed over it, for quite as
good prices were obtained at this great sale as
had been previously reached when smaller
quantities were before the buyers to choose from,
We have more than once expressed our regret
at seeing Ist quality Quebec spruce of eligible
dimensions going at £10 to £10 10s. per stand-
ard ; but on this occasion such sizes and quality
realized £10 15s., and 2nd quality went up to
£9 5s., while some 83rd 3x11 obtained £8 15s.
and nothing in short lengths and batten sizes
went under £7.

Excellent Style.

We have received the March number of THE
CaNnADA LuMBERMAN, published by Messrs.
Toker & Co., of Peterborough. As this is the
only Journal published in_Canada devoted to
the interest of lumbering in its various branches,
we hope to see it receive that patronage which
will enable the enterprising proprietors to con-
tinue its publication in the excellent style they
have shown in the present issue. For neatness,
clearness of print and quality of matter it will
rank as high as any paper we have seen, which
advocates the same business, Success to T, &
Co,—Omemee Herald.

Zoress.—A healthy man never thinke of his
stomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-

digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cente for a
bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkable
compound for clensing and toning the system, for
assisting the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
properly perform their duties in assimilating food.
Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of
your druggist. A few doses will surprise you.

Wanted.

A SECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER ; aleo a LATH
MACHINE, both in good repair. Reply stating lowest
cash terms or particulars to Box 1002, Peterborough.L10

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and COMPLETE
CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteen
foot head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough. L10

Reid & Co.,

WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS.
shingles, &c. Car lots to suit customers.
in the market at from $6 to $7 per M.

Orrick ON Dock.—Esplande, foot of Shelbourne
Street, Toronto bls

Hardwood Timber Land

FOR SALE.

FOR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWOOD TIMBER
LAND near Nipissing Railway, Coboconk. Easy terms.
OSHAWA CABINET CO., Oshawa. b13

Situation Wanted.

A Book-keeper of first-class experience desires a situ-
ation with a lumber firm. An opportunity of acquiring
knowledge of the lumber trade more of an object than
the amount of salary. Unexceptional references both
as to character and ability.
b15 Apply to the Editor of Taz CANADA LUMBERMAN,

The Stewart House,

Headquarters of Lumbermen in Peterborough, corner
of Hunter and Water Streets. Good accommodation.
Terms, $1 per day. Free ’bus at trains.
b15 T. CAVANAGH, Proprietor.

Lumber, lath,
Best Culls

Allandale Junction Hotel

Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 minutes
by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals. Tea and
coffee at counter. Fine brands of Liquors and choice
Cigars. b17 E. $8. MEEKING, Proprietor.

Orillia House,

ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north of
Toronto ; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free ’bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen's Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE, Proprietor.

St. Louis Hotel.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size, style and
locality in Quebec, is open throughout the year for
pleasure and business travel. b18

Queen’s Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE,

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) having lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free *bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are well furnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free ‘bus to and from trains and
steamboats. 26

9
2

Flexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each,

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH.

Hotel Ottawa,

No. 21 North Side King Square,

ee AS At ee
E, COSMAN, PROPRIETOR
Terms $1.00 to $1.50 per day.

TRUSSES.

N CLUTHE'’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
Wy all attachments improved. No €
j buckles, all on solid brass casting.
Book on ruptureand human frame free,
Send address in full post « t
true information about ruy
deformities. CHAS. CLUTHE, Surgical

1183 King Street west, Toronto. :

TENDERS, addressed to the Postmaster General, will
be received at Ottawa until Noon, on Friday, 6th
May, for the conveyance of Her Majesty’s Mails,
proposed Contracts for four years, once, and three times
per week each way respectively, between

Apsiey and Cheddar, and Peter-
borough and Apsley,

from the Ist July next. Conveyance to be made
public or other vehicle. Printed notices con
further information as to conditions of proposed S
tract may be seen, and blank forms of Tender may be
obtained at the Post Offices of Peterborough and

Apsley.
GILBERT GRIFFIN,
Post Office Inspector’s Office, } Post Office Inspector.
Kingston, 25th March, 1881 5 3113

on

CHAS. M. LARSEN,

Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacquered and Enamelled
Weoiwork, Turning and Carving in

WOOD, HORN AND IVORY.

BILLIARD BALLS

Turned and coloured a speciality.
&a7 MEERCHAUM and AMBER GOODS repaired in

first-class style. bl17

77% King St. West, Toronto, Ont.

THE RUSSELL HOUSE,

OTTAWA.
JAS. A. GOUIN, - - PROPRIETOR,

Is the Favourite Resort of Leading Public
men of the Dominien attending the
annual Session of Parliament.

Ministers of the Crown, Senators, Members of Parlia
ment, Public Officials, as well as those having business
with the various Departments of the Government. It
is also the headquarters of those haying dealings with
the princely Lumber Manufacturers in the Great Pine
Valley, of which Ottawa is the acknowledged centre.

THE Russe. Hovsk being central, almost abutting on
the magnificant PARLIAMENT and DEPARTMENTAL BUILD-
Ine—the pride of the Country—is thus conveniently
situated for those visiting the City on public business.
But the location is also everything that could be desired
alike for the man of business and the man of pleasure.
A few minutes walk brings the guest of the Hotel with-
in reach, not only of all the principal business resorts,
but also of the most splendid Mountain and Valley
Scenery that can be seen anywhere, as’also of the two
almost unrivalled Waterfalls—the Chaudiere and Rideau
—and of the extensive Manufacturing Establishments
and Depots of the leading Lumberman. But, besides
the beautiful scenery, which, it may be mentioned, in-
cludes the magnificant Ottawa and two of its crand
tributaries—the Rideau and Gatineau—there are in the
immediate neighborhood, beautiful Lakes and appar-
ently never-ending woods, which afford oppcrtunities
for the finest Fishing and Shooting that can be obtained
on the Continent.

THE RussELL Hovss affords excellent accommodation
for 300 guests ; its table is abundantly supplied with
Viands of the choicest description, in season, and
nothing is left undone to make every visitor feel com-
fortably ‘‘at home.”

f= Omnibusses meet the Arrival of
every Train and Boat. b2G

4 ;

——Ewe

“SPARE THAT TREE.”

The Lumberman’s Gazette says that when
articles ave written about the preservation of
the timber of this country, they are always dir-
ected toward the consideration of the pine, and
eloquent language flows from pencil points, and
arrays of figures are marshaled, to show how
great is the urgency in that behalf. But the
larger body of other sorts of timber is forgotten
as of no consequence, or not subject to the de-
pleting process. There is, nevertheless, and has
been constantly going on since the first settle-
ment of the country, a remorseless war upon
the oak and ash, elm, poplar, hemlock, maple,
and every other variety of wood growing in the
grand forests with which this goodly land was
covered. Thus far this waste has doubtless been
unavoidable. To reduce the virgin land to
fruitful fields the forests must needs be felled,
for grain could not be grown under the branches
of the trees. In the undeveloped condition of
the western world there was no other course to
pursue but to reduce eyen the best timber to
ashes. Thus a vast offering in oak and ash and
walnut, and every other goodly tree, was sacri-
ficed on the log-pile of the settler to the spirit of
development. There were no means of getting
the timber to market had there been demand
for it anywhere. But there is no longer a reason
or excuse for the sacrifice. The land is divided
by railroads almost as a farm by fences. There
is scarcely ten miles of territory intervening be-
tween the lines of track in most of the northern
and western states, and a mighty tonnage afloat
upon our rivers, lakes and canals, Fifty mil-
lions of people now, and hereafter the mightiest
nation the world has ever known, will require
more timber than has ever before been used by
any civilization that has preceded the genera-
tion of men now bustling in this restless world.
Think of the multitudinous uses of timber, cal-
culate the immense quantity required to meet
the vast consumption. Figures need not be
given, ‘To say twenty billion feet does not con-
vey any impression except of an incomprehen-
sible number, but it is given as the consumption
of American timber in 1880, Consider the uses
of timber, the fifty millions of population in the
United States, and estimate the value of timber
twenty years from this date. Pine is not alone
of value. Not apine tree should be wasted, it
is true, but it is equally true that he is a ruth-
less disregarder of the rights of posterity who
needlessly and wantonly destroys an oak, an
elm, a hemlock, an ash or a maple tree, or any
other species of timber. The tide of develop-
ment must roll northward over the peninsulas
of Michigan and lay low her noble forests, but
there need be no vandalism, no indifferent waste
such as has marked the past. Be not in haste
to denude the land. The hardwood of Michigan
is to-day of more value than the pine, and it
will increase in yalue as the years go by. The
same is true of other states. The hemlock of
every state where the tree grows is worthy of
preservation ; it is a useful timber wood and its
value in some of the states will increase five
fold within as many years. Let the old refrain

be taken up, ‘‘ Woodman, spare that tree.”

IMPORTANT DECISION,

An exchange reports a decision by the Court
of Queen’s bench, for Ontario, involving the
right of alandlord to seize upon the property of
a third party, temporarily upon his premises,
for the payment of rent. The suit was one for
damages by the owner of certain sawlogs, which
had been taken to a saw-mill to be converted
into lumber in due course of the business of the
mill, The defendant was the landlord of the
premises, and distrained upon these logs to
satisfy his claim for rent against the tenants,
The court held this distress illegal, and the logs
exempt from any liability. The court further
held that it made no difference that one of the
tenants appeared to have an interest in the saw-
logs jointly with the plaintiff. This decision is
of considerable importance to the large class of
Canadians interested directly and indirectly in
the lumber business, and it is a matter for con-
eratulation that the courts have been able to
hold these goods exempt. Their liability to
seizure for rent would introduce a considerable
element of uncertainty into this kind of busi-
ness,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

SPARK ARRESTERS.

There have been many devices offered to the
public for the purpose of arresting sparks from
chimneys, but like many devices for arresting
the progress of sparks in every day life, the old
This
embraces a wire screen or bonnet, made either
permanent with an enlarged arm above the
stack, or with a hinge joint on a flat opening at
the top. This latter is but a modification of the
close top of the former, which, if of a small
enough mesh to hold cinders, is apt to become
clogged after a time, and prove annoying. The
hinged opening at the top obviates this, so long

original plan seems to work the best.

as the wire rope connection with the ground,

used for opening and closing the trap, remains
intact, and when this is broken it is no great
A patent device embracing
an inclined shelf inside the stack, so arranged
that cinders removed from the direct influence
of the upward draft would fall of their own
gravity upon the shelf, which is connected on the

trick to restore it.

outside of the stack with a pipe or area suffici-

ent to pass them to the ground, has been tried
by many mill men, but has not met with suffici-
Probably
the best system of arresting sparks is found in
so enlarging the area of the chimney that while
a good draft is obtained, the heat will not rush
up with sufficient velocity to carry cinders to
A ‘small stack just large enough to
create the required draft under the boilers, is a
most prolific source of danger, as the velocity of
the current of heated air is sufficiently great to
Tall,
brick stacks of sufficient area, seldom emit
cinders of a size to be dangerous to surrounding
stack a height and
diameter exceeding the actual requirements of
your grate surface, and you can find no more

ent favor to come into extended use.

the top.

overcome the gravity of the cinders.
Give your

property.

effective measure for arresting sparks, which,

rising to a height where the current of air be-
coming somewhat weakened in its force can no
longer overcome their gravity, fall into the ash
pit at the rear of the arch. Confine the heated
air to a small compass, and its force will invari-
ably carry sparks or heavy cinders over the top

of the stack.—Worthwestern Lwmberman.

SPEED OF CIRCULAR SAWS,
Nine thousand feet per minute, that is, nearly

two miles per minute, for the rim of a circular

saw to travel, may be laid down as arule. For
example, a saw 12 inches in diameter, 3 feet
around the rim, 3,000 revolutions ; 24 inches in
diameter, or 6 feet around the rim, 1,500 revolu-
tions ; 3 feet in diameter, or 9 feet around the
rim, 1,000 revolutions: 4 feet in diameter, or 12
feet around the rim, 750 revolutions ; 5 feet in
diameter, or 15 feet around the rim, 600 revolu-
tions. Of course it is understood that the rim
of the saw will run a little faster than this
reckoning, on account of the circumference
being more than three times as large as the
diameter. The following table, which has been
compiled as an authority on the subject, nearly
covers the whole ground :—

Size of saw. Revs. per min.

GB TALYD cvs corei eieieloleieinteiciete sin aiaieiele le ei ninibinitipielei nate 4,500
i 3

HAGyYARp's PECTORAL BALSAM ; a few doses relieves
the most distressing cough, and a twenty-five cent
bottle has cured many a sufferer from Asthma, Bron-
chitis, Croup, Influenza, Hoarseness and Soreness of
the Chest. rt is the grand specific for all throat and
lung complaints leading to consumption,

WILSON’S ELECTRIC LIGHT.

It will be of interest to lumbermen and saw
mill owners, who operate on a large scale, to
learn that Mr, T. L. Wilson, of Hamilton, Ont.,
has invented an electric machine which affords a
steady light at asmall cost, and is of simple
construction. Reference has already been made
in the LumBerman to the advantages which
would accrue to river-drivers should they be
able to use the electric light during the night in
sorting logs, as often during the day the weather
is unfavorable. Mr. Wilson’s inyention will
doubtless be suitable, as it only require a two-
horse power to run the apparatus, which could
easily be carried from place to place. An exhi-
bition of the light was given in Hamilton lately
and is referred to as follows by the Times of that
city :—

“On approaching the building one was obliged
to notice the bright illumination from the win-
dows, which made posters on the adjacent fences
as legible as in daylight. Mr. Sanford, who has
taken great interest in Mr. Wilson’s experi-
ments, contributing the funds necessary for
their carrying on, met the visitors and exhibited
photographs printed by this electric light. The
Times representative was able to read solid
minion and nonpareil print without difficulty at
a distance of twenty feet from the lamp. The
apparatus is by no means intricate in design,
The motive power is an efigine running at two
horse power, and the electricity is transmitted to
the lamp through copper wire. The burner is
made of coke and molasses, the parts being held
in position by a clock-work attachment, which
works automatically. Mr. Sanford explained
that the apparatus was about one-fifth the
weight and could be manufactured at much less
cost than any electric machine in New York.
The light, including carbons, which consume at
the rate of 14 inches per hour, and power from
the engine, will cost about 2 cents per hour.
One light like the one exhibited would suffice
for a large floor of a warehouse or manufactory.
By attaching the wire to a machine contrived
for the purpose—and which occupies little space
—about 85 per cent. of the original engine power
can be utilized for any manufacturing work,
rendering the apparatus useful by day as well as
by night. The inventor has labored long and
faithfully to perfect his invention, and it is
understood that a proposition to organize a joint
stock company for the construction of the
machines, etc., will be laid before the citizens of
Hamilton at an early day.”

COMMERCIAL VALUE OF WOODS.
The following are furnished by Messrs. Oliver
& Co., as the present prices for the different
kinds of Jumber on board cars on the different
lines of railroad nearest to the mills. The

prices given are, per thousand, board measure:
Walnut, best quality, according to thicknes and

LOD RRNA ies sagenc'. 5's vis. chee meat ewes wes Gee $60 to $70
Walnut, common...........5 Phsndin beets ce cee 50

a CU Br isis cians «oS eRe EMR SOO ee 30
Cherry, best quality, clear of hearts, large knots

and shakes, 22
Butternut, eS =! 3 ae 22
Whitewood, s 4 x ‘x 21
Chestnut, — - ee * ad 18
White Oak, sk <s Rs Be 17
White Ash % = be © 17
Hickory, es es « aS 16
Rock Elm, ss EAL sf SF 13
Sycamore, - < a wv 12
Balm of Gilead, ae an « 12
Birch, oe - vs eS 11
Black Oak, aS oY “pes — ll
Grey Oak, a ¥ “ " ll
Black Ash, se M a5 Bs 11
Basswood, ae a = SS 10
Maple, ss ‘ ss J 10
Beech, Le wy = my 10
Soft Elm, ‘e “ HS ibe 9

CrpaR—HeEmLockK—TaMarack.—For railway
ties from these woods the railway companies
pay as high as from $20 to $30 per 100.

Really First-Class,

Tur CANADA LUMBERMAN has changed hands,
Mr. Begg having sold out his interest to Messrs.
Toker & Co., who now issue that journal from
their office in Peterborough. Under the new
management the LUMBERMAN promises to be a
really first-class paper, if we may judge from
the first number sent out by them.—Muskoka
Herald,

HUMBUG IN BUILDING.
There is a great deal of sham building in th
country—hbuilding that is intended to catch the
eye and give an appearance of solidity and finish
which in reality it does not possess. i
this kind of work is intentionally made, with a
view to making cheap houses that will sell
dear price, and sometimes it is furnished by
contractors on a contract, where they have en
gaged to put in good work but do not. Of
course, where the owner sets out to build cheap
and flashy houses, there is no one to blame
himself. But when a man contracts for good
work and in place of it gets sham work, he cer-
tainly has good cause for complaint. But ix
very many instances there are extenuating r
sons, which, while not exactly exculpating these
builders who violate their engagements, furnish
them with a partial excuse for their actions
One of the chief causes for this kind of unfaith-
ful work rests in the system of competitive bid
ding on jobs. A person desires to build a house,
and forthwith he gets half a dozen carp
and contractors to bid against each other for the
job. These men, thus competing against each
other, are, in nine cases out of ten, induced to
put in their bid at figures below what
work, or work according to the specificaiions,
can be done for. The result is that the party
taking the contract at such ruinous terms begins
to ‘‘cut-the corners” at once. Whenever he
can slight the work and not be detected he does
it. He furnishes, when he can, inferior and
cheaper material than he should, and in every
way possible tries to make up for the “‘ cutting
rate,” which by competition he was forced into
giving in order to obtain the work. When hea
comes to turn the house over to the owner, if the
latter has not had experience in building, he is
quite likely to accept it as a good job, or if he
detects the ‘‘little game” of the contractor, a
law suit generally ensues. We do not mean to
say that carpenters, or builders, do not some-
times willfully violate their contracts and cheat
and deceive, when they are not induced to do so
by competition. Unfortunately they often do.

Frequently poor work is put into buildings
because the owners are too careless or too
ignorant to furnish the proper plans and speci-
fications, and make them a part of the con
Thus, the contraet may name certain kinds of
work, but omits to mention the quality of the
lumber, or the paint, or the styles and kinds of
hardware to be employed, As might be ex-
pected, the builder, insted of putting in lumber
that should cost $40 a thousand, contents him-
self in using that which costs but $30, and so
through the work, wherever anything is left to
his judgment or discretion, it is likely that he
will figure for his own interest.

What is the remedy? A very simple and sen-
sible way to build a house is for the party so
building, to just find out what kind of ahouse
he wants. Then ascertain how he desires it }
finished in detail. If he is able, he would do
well to employ a competent architect to draw
his plans and furnish him with the spcifications.
Then ascertain as nearly as possible by inquiry —
and observation, what good labor is worth,
after which, take his plans and specification to a
reliable builder and let him make his bid, giving
him to understand that good work would be re-
quired. In almost every instance, it will be
safe to assert, reasonable figures will be made.
We mean reasonable figures for good work, but
not as close as figures would be envolved by a
process of competitive bidding. Good work can-
not be had for nothing, and a good house cannot
be built without good work. The dearest of all
kinds of labor is that sli i carpen
work, the evidences 5 ok = a
many of our houses. But a good, solid,
tial, well-made building can be erected at rea-
sonable figures, and by men of limited exper-
ience in building, provided they employ
builders and give them a chance to obtain a
renumeration for their labor and time, wi
compelling them to resort to the tricks of
trade to get it.—Jndustrial World,

<
Somes)

rood
45t te

On Sunday morning, April 17th, between one
and two o'clock, a fire broke out in Hall &
Brown’s lumber yard at Berlin, and before it
was subdued some $300,000 worth of lumber
was consumed. There was no insurance and the:
cause is unknown,

COST PRICES.
~ We have often urged upon our manufacturers
and merchants the need of a close analysis of
expenses, when making up the cost of their
goods. And not long since, in an article upon
Agricultural Machinery, we urged greater cau-
tion in fixing selling prices, which are} not
always sure of returning the ratio profit which
makers imagine. We find in the Book-Keeper a
yery interesting paper upon the subject of cost
prices, by Mr. James Howard, of Bedford, Eng-
land, president of the Agricultural Engineer’s
Association, and consider it well worth the
eareful attention of every Canadian manufac-
turer :—

“Tf a history were written of the rise and
progress of our most successful mercantile estab-
lishments,” says Mr. Howard, “it would doubt-
less be recorded, as a prominent feature in each
easethat a careful system of account-keeping had
been adopted. Indeed, it may be said that
without efficient book-keeping the success of any
commercial enterprise is insecure, and instances
are not wanting where apparently thriving con-
cerns have been made shipwreck by violating
the first prineiple of commercial economy. In
a manufacturing business, by far the most im-
portant point in account-keeping is that of ascer-
taining the exact cost of articles when ready for
delivery to the customer. To arrive at this may
at first sight appear a very easy matter, but in
order to obtain even approximate accuracy
several conditions must be fulfilled. In the first
place, every useful system of cost prices is. de-
pendent upon the correctness of the general
accounts of the concern—an obvious fact when
it is remembered that the measure of business
success is simply the difference between the
totals—payments for materials, wages, and
establishment charges, and the net amount re-
ceived in payment of sales.

Referring for a moment to the question of sel-
ling prices, is it not unusual to see agricultural
machines offered at prices which evidently have
been fixed at random. In some such cases the
practiced eye can see at a glance that after the
usual trade allowances have been deducted from
the nominal selling prices, very little profit, if
any, is left for the maker. Again, if the lists of
the different manufacturers be taken for certain
articles, it is singular to notice now nearly the
figures agree. This seems to show that the
practice of fixing prices by the list of others is
not uncommon, those of the foremost houses
being generally taken as the standard. Firms
which adopt this practice would appear to say
to themselves. ‘It pays so-and-so to sell at
such-and-such a price, and soit willus.’ It may
be true that the price of one firm must conform
to some exient to the price of other firms; but
it is none the less true that there is insecurity in
simply following the lead of others without in-
vestigation. . I have known even first-class
houses which have not troubled themselves to
go into the cost of certain articles which they
manufacture. Again, it does not always follow
that because a given article can be produced at
a certain establishment and sold at a given price
with a profit, at another establishment the same
thing can be done; the mode of manufacture,
the extent of the demand, the facilities and cost
of transit, and the general policy adopted in the
conduct of the business may vary so much as to
make the result in one instance a fair profit, and
in another an actual loss.

“4 popular impression prevails that small
makers can afford to sell goods at lower prices
than large manufacturers, the idea being that
the expense of the former are proportionately
less. Apart from the fact that the expenses of
the small maker are, as a rule, relatively higher

han his larger rival, there are other considera-
tions.”

Any plan of arriving at prime costs, says the
writer quoted, to be of reliable value must of
necessity take note of every element of expense,

_ both in production and sale. To arrive at these

element, it is absolutely necessury that the gen-

eral cash-book should contain a detailed account
of aut payments, and that every itera should ie

the tlowing matters should be carried to sep-
te accounts :—
TERIALS, Waces, FoORRMEN’S SALARIES,
KS SsLAnIESs, TRAVELLING AND Purtic Ex-

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

HIBITIONS, EXPENSES OF Forwarpina DrEpart
MENT, Rent, Rares, & Taxes, Puant, Repairs
or Factory, Parents, & Royaurres, Horses &
VeuicLtes, Fur, & Gas, Apvertisinc, LecaL
EXPENSES, PRINTING, STATIONERY, Stamps &
POSTAGE.

Furthermore, accounts should be kept of the
lors upon returned goods or exchanges, cost of
experiments, banking expenses, bad debts.
“From an analysis of these items of expendi-
ture—say for three years—a tolerably safe guide
as to the percentage upon the returns of the
business is obtained.” These several items may
be grouped under three heads ; the first includes
the purchase of raw materials and all articles
used in the manufactory ; the second deals with
the articles produced and the cost prices of the
same; and the last relates to the costs and
charges incidential to the sale of the goods
manufactured.

“The establishment-charges in the case of my
own firm are calculated upon the average cost
per cent. on the returns of three years, and the
charge of the carriage of goods is estimated at
the average cost per ton of sending to the
several points of delivery. In respect of the cost
of melting pig iron and delivering the same to
the moulders for casting, the practice of my
firm is periodically to adopt a test—say for a
fortnight; the whole of the materials and the
produce of clean castings, runners, wasters, etc.,
being weighed. The labor for moulding is
charged in the cost price in the same way as for
other departments. The same experiments are
also utilized to show the total cost per ton of the
finished castings produced in the period.

“The foregoing remarks on cost prices would
be very incomplete if I were not to touch upon a
point in connection with the subject which does
not always receive the attention due to its im-
portance. I refer to the question of stock, viz.,
raw matertials,stores and manufactured articles.
It cannot be too prominently kept in mind that
to its original cost five or ten per cent. is ad-
ded to stock by keeping it the year round.
Hence, it may be taken for granted that profuse
buying of materials and over-production of man-
ufactured articles are prolific sources of loss and
waste ; but, on the other hand, asufficient stock
for the requirements of current business is abso-
lutely necessary, in order to prevent delay in
the execution of orders and to make a business
run smoothly. In the endeavor to overcome the
difficulties of this question and strike the happy
mean, it has long been the practice of my firm
to keep accurate accounts of the stock in hand
of finished implements and all parts thereof,
which are corrected to the first of each month.
From the data thus obtained the stock is
equalized and a sufeguard provided against the
evils referred to.”

There are many points in this address which
Canadian manufacturers may ponder with ad-
vantage. It will be seen from the exhaustive
survey which Mr. Howard makes, that the dis-
covery of the cost of an article made, involves a
great number and variety of considerations.
And as no manufacturer in this country any
more than in the old land, can ignore the many
sources of leakage and loss, and yet arrive at an
accurate estimate of prime cost. Too many
among us, we fear, are governed in fixing their
selling price by what their neighbor charges,
instead of laboriously calculating the cost, each
for himself.—Monetary Times.

ERoom for the ‘“‘ Lumberman.”

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN is the name of an
excellent sixteen page paper, devoted to the in
terests of the lumber and timber industries of
the Dominion. It is full of valuable informa-
tion and interesting reading for those interested
in lumbering operations, as well as others. We
believe there is room for such a paper in Canada,
and it should receive the support of every per-
son interested in the trade. It is printed by
Toker & Co., publishers of the Peterborough
Review. The subscription price is two dollars
a year, which is very cheap.—/Sherbrooke
Gazette,

HaAGyarp’s PecroraL BALSAM is composed of the
most healing balsams and gums, The balsams, which
enter into its composition, were used by the natives
when America was first discovered, and are combined
with other vegetable tonics, so blended together, that
it is a specific for all affections of the throat and
lungs. ousands of bottles are used annually, and is
considered one of the standard preparations of theday.

Qn

THE ART OF WOOD WEAVING.

The manufacturing district of the Austrian
empire lies in the north of Bohemia, where min-
jature Birminghams and Manchesters are con-
gregated together by the dozen, and hundreds of
thousands of “hands” are actively and ceaseless-
ly employed. Yor miles the high road is bound-
ed by houses, chiefly one-storied wooden build-
ings with roofs of tatch or shingle, where the
rattle of looms may be heard without intermis-
sion from early dawn till late at night. In some
of the towns numberless chimneys pour forth
volumes of black smoke by day, while by night
the windows of the large factories glow with
light as if there were a general illumination.
One of the busiest of these little towns and vil-
lages is Ehrenberg, which lies close to the Saxon
frontier, and is distinguished from the rest by a
peculiar industry, which appears to be carried
on in only two other places besides. The pecul-
iar industry for which Old Ehrenburg is distin-
guished is wood weaving, sparterie work, as it is
called, which was introduced something more
than a century ago by a carpenter named Anton
Menzel. The threads used for weaving are no
thicker than writing paper, and vary in width
from the fifth to the twenty-fifth part of an inch.
The aspen is the only tree whose wood is suffi-
ciently tough and pliable to supply these threads
in the required lengths. The aspen was former-
ly indiginrus in Bohemia, but has now almost
entirely disappeared, or at all events does not
exist in sufficient quantities to supply the dem-
and in any degree. Consequently the raw ma-
terial for the sparterie work has to be brought
from Russian Poland, which is both a laborious
and expensive process; The wood merchants go
to Poland twice every year, in the early spring
and in the autumn, the only times at which the
wood can be cut with advantage, as none can be
used at once but that in which the sap has not
yet risen, or from which it has departed.
Wood cut during the summer has to le
in water for a year, otherwise it is red
and useless. It must be quite free from knots,
as the smallest defect or irregularity, such as
as ordinary persons would hardly notice, makes
the fibres quite unfit for weaving purposes. Ar-
rived in Ehrenberg, the wood is planed and di-
vided into pieces nearly 24 inches wide. When
they have been made perfectly smooth they
are divided again by an instrument resembling
a plane, but furnished with a number of fine
knifeblades, which mark the wood at regular
distances according as the strips are to be 1-25
or 1-5 of an inch in width. This process re-
quires the utmost dexterity and nicety, as it is
absolutely essential that the divider should ex-
actly follow the diretion of the fibre; and for
this reason among others it must always be done
by hand. The divider makes incisions 1-5 of an
inch deep; the wood is then carefully planed,
and comes off in this paper like stripes, some of
which are not wider than a stout thread. They
are gathered up as they fall by women, who
examine them and pick out any defective
pieces ; and, in spite of all care taken in the
selection and manipulation of the wood, there i
a good deal of waste in the process. The threads
or fibres, being now ready, must be tied in
couples at one end before they can be woven.
This is done by children, and in Ehrenberg
little creatures of four years old and upwards
are employed at it, and earn fourpence a day.
The weaving is done chiefly by women, and in
looms which differ considerably from those in
ordinary use, the fibre being, as before mention-
ed, not more than from 39 to 50 inches in
length. The longer fibres form the warp, the
shorter (28 to 82 inches) the woof, which is
passed in and out by means of a little
instrument with an eye like a needle. Until
within the last few years this concluded the
whole process—the “foundations,” as they
are called, were complete, and nothing more
was done, except that a few hats and caps were
made of them ; but these were of the very simp-
lest description, and anything but becoming.
Moreover, they were glued together, which
made them very unpleasant to wear in hot or
wet weather, and accordingly they fetched but
fifteen pence or 2s, and 4d. per dozen, and were
worn only by the very lowest classes. Within
the last few yesrs, however, a great change for
the better has taken place, thanks probably in
part to the interest shown by the Government

in the manufacture, in part to the establishment
of an enterprising firm, and in pa
the fact that the Ehrenbergers have
come alive to their own interests.

rt perhaps to
at last be"
At present
Ehrenberg sends out not only the raw material
but ready wade
kinds, and a of fancy articles ekilfu
concocted out of the wood fabric ;
every possible description

such ag no one need be

goods—fashionable hats of
variety
ladies’ hate of
and the latest fashion
ashamed to wez

made entirely of wood, and ¢

g0ld at astor

had of all

low prices. Men’s hate are to be

shapes, from the Panama hat—not a whit in
ferior to that bought in Paris—to the common
hats exported in large quantities in China, and

the linings or foundations which give stiffness to
the fez of the Turkish soldier. The export
trade embraces all Europe, from Spain to Rus-
sia, extends beyond the Caucasus to India and
China, and maintains active relations with
North and South America, as well as Australia.

The manufacturers are in direct communication

with the four quarters of the world, and their
goods are being introduced into Africa
French and English traders.—Cassell’s Famil; y

Magazine.

THE PETCHORA TIMBER-TRADING
COMPANY.

From Mr. H. Seebohm’s work on “‘ Siberia in
Europe,” we gather that Alexievka is the ship-
ping port of the above company. It is a group
of houses built upon an island in the delta of the
great river which empties itself into the Arctic
Ocean, nearly opposite Nova Zembla, and where
the ships are laden with larch for Cronstadt.
The larch is felled in the forests 500 or 600 miles
up the river, and roughly squared into logs vary-
ing from 2 to 3 ft. in diameter. It is floated
down in enormous rafts, the logs being bound
together with willows and hazel boughs. These
rafts are manned by alarge crew, some of whom
help to steer them down the current with oars
and poles, and others sre hired for the season to
assist in loading the ships at Alexievka. Many
of the men bring their wives with them to cook
for the party. Sleeping huts are erected on the
rafts, and it becomes to all intents and purposes
a little floating village, which is frequently three
months in making the voyage down the river.
Marriages have been known +o take place on
these rafts. Occasionally a funegal has to be
performed, and sometimes all hands are engaged
in helping to keep the raft from running ashore
or grounding on a sandbank. Sometimes in
stormy weather it is necessary to moor the raft
under the lee of an island, or a promontory, to
avoid the danger of having it broken up by the
violence of the waves. With the greatest care
in the world, this will sometimes happen. The
Russian has a good deal of the fatal facility to
blunder which characterizes the Englishman,
and shiploads of stranded logs of larch are
strewed on the islands of the delta, and on the
shores of the lagoon of this great river.

Woods for Heating.

The Globe has the following :—In Toronto, as
elsewhere, the consumers of wood for fuel esteem
the hard maple as the most valuable for the pur-
pose. This is an erroneous notion. All the
oaks yield, more heat than maple does, anc
among the other woods accessible, does yellow
birch. Here is atable based of American ex-
periments made several years ago, and showing
the value of different kinds of wood for firing.
Shell-bark hickory is taken as the standard :

So,

Shell-bark hickory... .. 100 | Hard Maple ........... 59
Pignut hickory,.....-. 95 | White elm............ 58
White oak..........--. 84 | Red cedar............. 56
White ashiicec 2.0.20. = W7 | Wild ‘chery cose. <3 54
Dogwood....,.++++--s 75 | Yellow pine. ........... 54
SOrubyoaksees eels ees 73 | Butternut............ 51
Red Oak we ccc cee ccs ie White birch........... 43
BixGhy eye ose) seem urine White pine............ 40
Yellow oak............ 60 |

Carefully Guarded.

THE CanaDA LuMBERMAN.—Toker & Co., of
Peterborough, have purchased the LUMBERMAN,
and it will hereafter be published semi-monthly
by them. In the introductory we are told that
THE CANADA LUMBERMAN will be purely a trade
organ and will be absolutely non-political. Ii
the number before us is a fair specimen of what
it will be in the future, we have no hesitation
in saying that the interests of the lmmbermen of
Canada will be carefully guarded by it.—
Lindsay Warder.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-

tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

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PETERBOROUGH, Ont. MAY 2, 1881,

THE Quebec Chronicle learns that owing to a
lack of water in the various small streams of the
lumbering districts, several hundred thousand
logs in the Province of Quebec are likely to re-
main in the woods owing to the impossibility of

driving them.
a

Marte flooring is meeting with a steadily
increasing demand in the Chicago market. Does
this not suggest that Canadians might, with
advantage, turn some of their attention to this
wood, of which there are large supplies in many
districts.

Tur Three Rivers Concorde asserts that in
Quebec pine saw logs, 12 to 15 inches in
diameter, which formerly paid dues at the rate
of 10 cents, now pay 12 cents; that those of 17
inches and over now pay 25 cents as against 15
cents formerly ; and spruce logs which were
rated at 5 cents now pay 6 cents. This is cer-
tainly a very substantial increase.

AN accident occurred at Ottawa on the 15th
of April, which, had it not been for the timely
arrival of medical aid, would have resulted in
the death of Mr. Peter McLaren, a wealthy
lumberman of Perth, Ont. Mr. McLaren had
b9en confined to his room at the Russel House
through illness. That morning his medical
adviser ordered a new prescription, to be used
internally. At the same time he was using an
external application of belladonna and iodine.
Through some accident Mr. McLaren took a
heavy dose of the latter, but fortunately dis-
covered his mistake in time to save his life.

AN Ottawa dispatch informs us that the drive
prospects at present are uncertain. On the
main streams no trouble will be found in getting
down the logs, and from all accounts there is
plenty of water in Indian river and its tribu-
taries. On the north side of the Ottawa Valley
there is no cause to fear but that all will go well,
and any trouble that may arise will be on the
south side, and along the creeks that flow from
that direction. If, however, the run, which
may be naturally looked for at this season
comes, the only trouble which the lumbermen
fears this season will be taken off his mind.

_be paid, seeing that, so far as this port is con-

FOREST LANDS.
We were glad to receive from Mr. Jack, a
New Brunswick lumberman, the letter which
we publish in another column, endorsing what

Mr. J. J. Donoveu, of Surrency, Georgia,
furnishes us the following report of the cut of
one of the American Saw Company’s 56-inch
Trenton Tooth Saws :—

14 Pieces pitch pine, 3X9......-..2++.+++ 883 feet | we have urged as to the necessity of discrimina-
L7Cinee a DISA Bee eraser she 71,880 ‘* | ting between the lands which are fit for settle-
UPS ie i DKZseeeeereevevees 13,068 “ | ment, and those which should be preserved as
SAT tS 2inch plank... »... 3,820 “ | forests. It greatly strengthens our argument to
Pr ites % y ey cae _ 1122“ “| find that not only in Ontario and Quebec, but
Merchantableventestiasientccneeerte 90,773 feet | also in New Brunswick, and we may fairly
Boards......0s FEpaGhionn an ebadeseoor 20,000 ‘‘ | presume in other provinces of the Dominion of

Canada, people are waking to a sense of the
importance of this subject of forest preservation,
and to the folly of opening indiscriminably for
settlement districts which are not adapted for
agriculture, and where the settler, without
doing any good for himself, brings additional
risk of the speedy destruction of our fast dim-
inishing sylvan wealth.

The present wasteful and unphilosophical
system of administration of our forests, will
never, we are convinced, be remedied till there
is a separate department for the supervision of
woods and iorests. We find many who indi-
vidually will assent to this, and we call upon
them to unite their efforts, which though separ-
ately impotent would collectively be most
powerful, and to urge the adoption of a more
sensible and prudent management of this very
important portion of the capital of the country.

110,773 feet
Worked eleven hours, Sawed 230logs. *

While Messrs. Bentley, Meyer & Southwick,
of Rochester, N.Y., say that they have sawed
about 1,000,000 feet of the hardest white swamp
oak and any quantity of pine with their inserted
tooth saw, and that it did its work equal to the
best gang sawing.

THE Timber Trades Journal of the 6th April,
under the head of Liverpool, says :—‘‘ Another
week has passed without bringing forth any
signs of areturn to amore active condition of
business than has prevailed for some time past.
The winter has at last departed sufficiently to
admit of building operations proceeding, but
this has not yet affected our trade in any notice-
able degree, for orders come in slowly, and
when they do come are competed for eagerly on
all sides. All rumors from Canada that have
reached this side point to a maintenance of the
prices that were paid early in the present year,
but we cannot find many buyers in this district
willing to operate at the rates demanded by
shippers. The outlook for the coming season is
far from bright, for the present state of trade in
the country is not brisk, andthere isnow onhand
a stock equal to the probable demand for the
next five or six months. In the face of this, it
is most difficult to understand why such high
prices should be demanded abroad, and still
more difficult to comprehend why they should

THE LOG CROP.

The Northwestern Lumberman of the 16th
April contains an article on ‘‘ The Log Crop’
and one on ‘‘ Last Year’s Work of the Mills,”
from which we gather the following figures
bearing upon the present position and future
prospects of lumber for the current season.

With regard to the log crop, the Lumberman
claims that the following figures are nearer cor-
rect than “‘any statement that has ever been
made up” for the districts to which it refers.
The item of “‘ new logs” includes the estimated
amount banked to April 15th, and that of “old
logs ” those left over from other years, either in
mill booms, store booms, or in the streams :—

cerned, the tendency of the market has been
downward, not only for one or two articles, but
for nearly every class of wood goods imported.

District. | New Logs. | Old Logs, Total.
- ERIS ipGe Miss. Valley. ..|1,673,000,000| 668,500,000|2, 241,500,000
FOREST CONSERVANCY. Lake Superior..| 147,500,000 " ea OE
Inglish Journal of Forestru has called | Lake Michigan.|1,664,000,000| 287,500,000/1,951,500,000
The: Eng . a ¥ - S led E. Michigan... |1,582,200,000 217,250, 000|1,799,450,000
attention, as we learn from an extract which | Wolf River... 115,000,000 — 20,000,000| "135,000,000
wil f 1 elsewhere in this issue, i= SSS Serr sscS =
Ee tquganeee ; apy x Wotels .. 45009 5,181,700,000/1,098, 250,000/6,279,950,000

marked advance in forest conservancy in the
colony of South Australia. It seems that the
government has instituted a system of forest
reserves, and that an important addition was
made last year to the area thus reserved by the
Forest Board. By natural regeneration and by
the formation of new plantations they are thus
wisely and with prudent foresight, providing
against the extirpation of their forests and the
arrival of a period when they must depend upon
importations from abroad for their supply of
timber.

South Australia is a comparatively new
colony. Men who are not of advanced age can
remember its formation and settlement. New
Zealand, which is also one of the younger de-
pendencies of the British empire, has very
sensibly under wise administrators adopted a
similar system. Is it creditable to Canada,
being as it is one of the oldest settlements and
the most important in wealth and population of
the colonial members of the British empire,

The foregoing figures do not, of course, in-
clude the logs that will be put into streams and
taken out by the railroad mills during the sum-
mer. Under average circumstances these are
estimated to foot up 150,000,000 feet, while
another 1,000,000,0000 feet may be added for
stocks to be supplied by mills not included in
the above estimate, bringing the total log stock
of the Northwestern States up to 7,455,000,000
feet for the season. Of last year’s stock how-
ever, about 1,250,000,000 feet must have been
carried over, and it is not unreasonable to
assume that, for various reasons, at least as
much will remain uncut at the close of the pre-
sent season, leaving about 6,250,000,000 feet as
the probable production of the saw mills in the
north-west for the present year.

Turning now to the Lumberman’s elaborate
statistics with regard to the lumber product of
the same territory for the last eight years, we
find it was in :—

to lag behind these minor and younger com- eg we oa. 3 es Ta b00 BE eee
munities, and show less common prudence or | 1874,.......... 0... 3,751,396,000 2,473,216,555
foresight on such a vital point? It may be said } 1875...........: . «.8,968,553,000 2,515,838, 240
that we were so richly endowed with forests | 1876 ........++...- 8,879,046,000 2,900,530, 725
that it did not seem seem necessary to take such | 1877. ..+.+-++0++5 papers sabe 2,698,856, 755
precautions, Even if such an excuse were valid | 1878--+++++++++++>- Saree te 28600, ee
as regards the past, it is utterly without weight Ce BEOERELCS 1 ce 4,806,045,000 2,859,112, 750

ms , or, | 1880... ..+..0e- »--.6;651, 295,006 2,972,912,160

now. At present it is generally conceded that
our forests are far from inexhaustible, that
indeed the period of their duration, at { .e
present rate of consumption, is limited to a
generation at the furthest, so we would do well

These figures show a large increase in the
supply during the last two years, but that it has
not been more than the demands of consumers
required is proved by the fact that the stock on
hand on the 1st January of the four years

without delay to follow the example thus offered Ratiadatbod as follows eo
to us. Year. Lumber.
oe =a t PATE ate yss cre henag ane cst 2,018,384,901
Mr. Henry Atkinson, of Etchemin, opposite ASTOR ie cin oc conresien cs eeaeee 2,121,323,518
Quebec, has been successful in forming an TRADES cettnesutane eet: Cnenneeee 2,313,823,437
English joint stock company, which takes over ASST ans oak ps dee ten. Geren + + -2,836,954,969

Doubtless if these figures were brought down
to the present it would be found that owing to
the lateness of the season the available stock is
quite as low now as it was this time last year,

the lumber business formerly conducted by the
firm of H. Atkinson & Co., including all their
mill property and limits, as well as the limits
belonging to the Bank Nationale,

NEW BRUNSWICK TIMBER
Frepegicron, N.B., April 15,1881

GENTLEMEN,—I enclose you the statistics
which you have asked me for.

Allow me to congratulate you on the very
valuable character of the information given to
the public by Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN.

Your remarks on fires resulting from settlers
locating on lands unfit for settlement are very
applicable to New Brunswick. It is time that
our mill-owners should receive a little of that
attention which has been so lavishly and often
unwisely spent upon the settler, and that the
public should learn to discriminate between
lands which ought and those which ought not to —
be settled, in which matter great ignorance

prevails.
Yours truly,

EpwarpD JACK.
Messrs. Toker & Co., Peterborough.
NEW BRUNSWICK.
The following are the receipts from Woods —
and Forests and Crown Lands since Confedera-

tion :—
Year. Woods and Forests. Crown Landg,
IBO7 sca ents eatee $ 24,467 50 $ 12,832 29
1 TERE el a 20,565 00 15,632 84
EGE); sas apbeenes 18,464 80 16,959 87
1870; ss 06) Seuetesa 21,043 85 12,995 51
typ ee ee 27,945 O7 26,645 34
ISF2 in naitoh> chaece 45,776 11 4 29,577 51
IBTBasaiccponcs Sees 41,178 25 17,447 26
Nyy ( Re 25,118 52 9,745 84
IBD. webaweie even 52,802 65 6,938 13
AOlGs yas s «> se ssne 66,014 82 9,139 66
ABT vs2 once ere an 94,569 08 6,288 98
sy CaP es Ba 105,922 16 3,617 45
1870: . S.ncsss este 69,683 OL 3,846 93
1880.... 0006 eoee 125,630 39 17,782 15
Total.....-...$739,181 21 $189,449 76

ST. JOHN, N.B.

Earty Navigation.—Navigation has opened
earlier than was expected at the time of our last
writing. The ice is out of the river so as to
enable the steamers to commence running on
the 11th inst., which is the earliest for many
years past, the usual time being from 20th April
to 1st of May.

Low Water.—The weather continues very
cold and dry, and in consequence, the water is
unusually low in the river for the season, and
the anxiety as regards the prospects for stream
driving are not diminished.

Locs Movine.—A few rafts of logs of last
year’s production, and frozen in last fall, are
now coming forward, and some of the mills are
commencing to saw, but it will be some weeks
yet before logs in any quantity will be available.

WEATHER.—In this section during the past
winter, and the spring thus far, the weather has
been in marked contrast with that of very
many places both on this continent and in
Europe. We have had no violent storms, no
severe frosts, no heavy thaws, no floods—but a
steady course of fine weather of medium tem-
perature, varied with light falls of snow. Dur-
ing the month of March we had but one snow
storm, and that on the last day of the month,
when a few inches fell, which all disappeared in
two days after.

SHIPMENTs.—Shipments of deals and other
sawn lumber for fortnight ending this date, say :

For Europe ..... 5..<--se=all 5,962,000 Sup. ft.
“ United States........0.. 1,486,000 “*
“ West Indies, ...... «ae 263,000 =

FREIGHT Rates.—Freights are without ma-
terial change ; we quote, Liverpool and Londen
57/6: Bristol Channel 60/; Dublin 58/9 ; Boston
$2.25 ; New York and Philadelphia $3.

St. John, N.B., April 21st, 1881.

New York Exports.
The Real Estate Record gives the following as
the exports of lumber from the port of New
York :—

Pr This Since
Week, Jan. 1,
Feet. feet,
West Indies.....0.....sccseees 979,000 13,
South America... ............- 536,723 7,191,154
East Indies, Africa, ete........ 112,952 1,719,
Europe, Continent............. . sane ve
Europe, United Kingdom. ..... 98,500 1,460,375
SIGUA Scns kr bs bins as 1,727,175 24,460.363

Tue Hamilton & Northwestern Railway is
doing a lively business in timber this spring,
Timber trains arrive in Hamilton every day and
it is being shipped by vessel as fast as possible.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only a single saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels frorn the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock.
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth atatime. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round,
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of all in use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are:

12x4
10x 12x¢
8x4 i € ve 7
bey b ain, hole, 4051 \ gin hole, BE tg 7 BOO oh
8x 10x28 12x# |
12xf J

Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12x} are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 4x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won’t touch it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

A Qa n> LOAN @OF QO ATOPY.

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almostevery use an
“Extra Soft’ wheel like the “Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved on wages. AS we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities,so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities fo maich any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Tanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel.is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class 2.”
1t cuts fastand Keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some toosoft. We prefer the ‘‘ Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM —SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as “‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor‘freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both finer in grain and softer than either of the above. As aSaw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Illustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.
113

The Tanite Co, Stroudsburg, Monroe Co. Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

M. Covel's Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener'

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW MILL MACHINERY!

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam

Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-

Feed, having put in several which are givin7 the best of sat- y

isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand§Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &c.

Horizontal Engines and Boilers

GRAVENHOURST, August 20th, 1880.
WM. HAMILTON, Esq, Peterborough.

DEAR “1R—I bave used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
Way; it is admitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
roill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
Jonging toit. I can ent 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. | am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting Jong or short logs. I consider I have cut more
Jumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst,

Where economy of fuelis the great consideration, along
with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
=Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any Kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer™
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour. L10

TORONTO, August 11th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont. ——— l

DEAR Sin—The Steam Feed you put in is worki len- — : |
didly. Yours, &c,, s ae == = SU |

THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

WILLIAM HAMILTON - - PETERBOROUGH, ONT,

Chips.

Tue mill belonging to the Ontario Bank at
Parry Sound is being put in order and is expect-
ed to commence running about the Ist of May.

In the manufacture of shoe lasts it is estimat-
ed that 500,000 cords of birch, beech and maple
timber is used, and an equal quantity for small
tools.

Mr. Avex. McArruour, of Kinmount, is ship-
ping birch lumber to the front. So is Mr. Geo,
Cluxton. All the factories along the Grand
Trunk are glad to get it.

THE lumber exports from St. John, N.B., for
the past three months to trans-Atlantic ports
reached 11,121,679 feet, not including 499 tons of
birch timber.

A PINE TREE was recently cut in Clearfield
county, Mich., that made three sticks of square
timber, 62, 60 and 36 feet long respectively. At
36 feet from the stump the tree squared 27
inches.

Tue large belt referred to in our last issue as
having been made by Messrs. Robin & Sadler
at their factory in Hamilton, should have
been credited to Montreal as it is in the lattter
city these gentlemen are located.

THE official statement of the banks of the
Dominion for the month of March show an in-
crease of $400,000 in circulation ; an increase in
Dominion deposits both on demand and on time
and an increase in assets of $1,000,000.

Tur Omemee Herald says Mr. John Kineaid,
of that place, manufactures a cedar shingle the
surface of which is as smooth as if it had been
planed or sand papered, and that the point and
butt are cut perfectly true and square.

J. H. Rererenstery, D.L.S., who has just re-
turned to Winnipeg from the Shell River dis-
trict, where he has completed a subdivision sur-
vey of six townships, says it is principally a
timber tract of country, consisting of poplar,
balm of gilead, and spruce, a belt of the latter
having been struck in the eastern part of the

survey. Poplar trees averaged thirteen inches
in diameter.

Durine the winter several improvements have
been made in the Parry Sound Lumber Com-
pany’s saw mill at that place, with a view to
economising labor and increasing the capacity of
the mill. A new iron burner has been erected,
and upon trial, although the sawdust and wood
thrown into it was mixed with large quantities
of ice, it proved a complete success. ‘The com-
pany expect to cut from fourteen to sixteen
million feet during the season.

An English paper predicts that wooden rail-
way sleepers are to be replaced by steel, just as
iron rails are being superceded by steel rails.
Steel sleepers, it says, are very flexible, and will
outlast the toughest rails, while their greater
cost over timber sleepers will be compensated
by their greater endurance, and the diminished
expenditure of relaying. They are now manu-
factured in great quantities at Dusseldorf, and
70,000 tons have been laid down as an experi-
ment in various parts of the continent.

A Manirtosa exchange suggests that it would
be an interesting experiment if the farmers in
Manitoba would enclose a few acres of prairie
with a strong fence, carefully excluding cattle
and other animals. The result would likely be
a vigorous growth of young trees, perhaps most-
ly poplar. Ona piece of ground which, for at
least two years, was protected from cattle and
fires, immense numbers of young poplars made
their appearance last season. Claims for tree
culture might, perhaps, in this way be retained.
Im any case a fine grove of trees at every farm
house could be secured with very little trouble.

A? the installation of the officers of the Buffalo
Board of Trade on the 15th April, the newly
elected president said :—‘‘ There is no doubt but
that our citizens with very few exceptions are
in favor of a new reciprocity treaty, and are
therefore desirous that a jot committee should
be appointed on the part of Great Britain and
our Government to take the matter into con-
sideration, and devise a plan that would result
in giving the people of Canada and this country
a just and equitable treaty, one that would be
so fair that the good resulting from it would be
mutually adyantageous to the people of both
countries,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

YELLOW PINE TIMBER.

The very best of yellow pine timber is not
that of greatest density. Pitch pine is not as
good for decks or deck frames as other fine-
grained pine from the South. Before the war
of 1861 there was a species of yellow pine grown
about Wilmington, N.C., whose specific gravity
equalled the best pine on our coast, the mean of
which was 637 = 39 lbs. 18 oz. when squared ;
when round and in bark, ‘781 = 48 lbs. 13 oz.
The very best yellow pine timber is that in
which the even fineness and firmness of the
grain is continued to the centre or pith of the
tree, ranging from 15 to 25 grains to the inch.
By careful observation much information that
is valuable may be obtained from the table of
specific gravity. Notwithstanding the thickness
of the bark of the yellow pine and its lightness
(the specific gravity differing not materially
from that of cork), we find that the pine timber
in bark weighs much more than the square tim-
ber. This, to the casual observer, would hardly
seem possible ; the man unacquainted with the
nature of yellow pine sapwood would be likely
to doubt the correctness of the table. But such
is the nature of the exterior coating immedi-
ately under the bark of yellow pine, that we
cannot find a substance more analogous than
sponge; its retentive properties are very similar,
and the turpentine with which this sapwood is
saturated is the cause of its increased specific
gravity above that of the squared timber when
covered with bark.

The thinner the sap wood, the less the specific
gravity.

There is an error in the prevailing opinion in
relation to the durability of yellow pine timber.
Our Government has become a heavy stock-
holder in this prevailing error, by acting on the
supposition that yellow pine timber requires a
great amount of seasoning. The consequence
has been that large timber houses have been
erected and filled with this timber, and kept for
many years, and when in a state of decay it has
been used for new vessels and vessels under-
going repairs. This is a very great mistake ; an
equal number of months would have answered a
better purpose than as many years, as regards
the shrinkage and durability of yellow pine.
When in pieces of any considerable size, it
shrinks: but little after the vessel is in active
service ;, when used as deck plank, they should
be made narrow. Our judgment, based upon a
large experience, leads us to the conclusion that
yellow pine requires no seasoning to make it
durable. The ebb and flow of the turpentine
are through the sap, as the specific gravity will
show ; hence we say that the capillary tubes of
the heart would have no more of the resinous
property if cut at the proper season than is re-
quired for strength and to render it durable.

The continued use of yellow pine timber in
the private shipyards of New York has proved
it incontestably. We could name ships built in
this city more than thirty years ago that have
their first yellow pine beams in their decks; and
we could point to others that have exhibited a
durability unknown to our navy. Proper care
should be taken to clear the timber of all sap;
and as regards shrinkage in naval vessels, if
the same measures were adopted as in private
yards, making strakes of planks narrow, there
would be no cause of complaint. The strakes
of clamps, deck plank, bulwarks and ceiling of
naval vessels are too wide by at least twenty
per cent.—American Ship,

A New Water Wheel.

One of the novelties in water wheels, patented
some time since, consists of an endless belt of
any suitable construction, passing over an
upper and lower pulley, and fitted with a num-
ber of water buckets whose upper portions are
formed with a rearward curve to permit them to
pass through the water easily at the bottom of
the wheel, and whose lower ends are secured to
the belt by elastic connections to permit them
to turn easily over the pulleys. The weight of
the water in the buckets operates directly to
drive the upper pulley, which, beitig fixed to a
shaft, furnishes the desired power. The inven-
tor claims for this simple form of water wheel a
larger percentage of efficient power, with a
given flow of water, than is obtained by the best
turbine wheels.

ANOTHER LARGE ROLLWAY.

A correspondent of the Lumberman’s Gazette
writing from Pinconning, claims there is the
largest rollway on the bay at the termination of
the Saginaw Bay and Northwestern railroad.
This road runs west from Saginaw Bay through
Pinconning a distance of 10 miles, then north
12 miles. It has several branches from one-half
to two miles in length. At the bay there are
two trestles, their united length being a trifle
3,000 feet ; they stand about 20 feet above high
water mark. On the line there are 22 camps in
operation—three camps belonging to Yawkey &
Bradley, three to H. W. Sage, two to Folsom &
Arnold, and four operated by W. J. Miller &
Co., the last named getting out logs for T. H.
McGraw. These camps run on an average
about 80 men to a camp divided into two gangs,
one working in the day and the other nights.
At the bay there is about 80 men divided in the
same way, the former to load cars and the latter
to unload. The road has six engines, five in
constant use night and day, two gangs to each
train, in fact we have two gangs to every thing
as we run day and night.

At the bay the logs are dropped off of the
trestles and rolled a distance of 600 to 800 feet,
and then tiered up, and as fast as they come we
keep on piling them on top so we have them all
in perfect straight tiers each mark by itself, and
as every camp has a mark of their own, you can
imagine how they look.

They claim that at Averill they had up to the
10th of this month, 14,506,318 feet, which I
think is about the right figures. We can see
them on that figure and go about 12,000,000
better, for we have banked at present about 25,-
000,000, and if any one wishes to see the largest
rollway in Michigan, and I think in any State,
tell them to come to Pinconning. It won’t cost
them anything from Pinconning to the bay, a
distance of two miles, as W. J. Miller, general
manager, is a very accommodating gentleman,
and any train going to the bay will be at the
service of visitors. Remember that the logs are
all tiered up and not dumped like nails from a
keg, as at Averill. The president of the com-
pany operating this road is W. 8. Gerrish, of
Muskegon ; W. J. Miller, general manager.

To Fasten Cloth on Wooden Surfaces.

The following is said to be an excellent method
of fastening cloth to the top of tables, desks,
etc.: Make a mixture of 2} pounds of wheat
flour, 2 tablespoonfuls of powdered rosin, and 2
tablespoonfuls of powdered allum ; rub the mix-
ture in a suitable vessel, with water, to a uni-
form, smooth paste; transfer this to a small
kettle over a fire, and stir until the paste is per-
fectly homogeneous without lumps. As soon as
the mass has become so stiff that the stirrer re-
mains upright in it transfer it to another vessel
and cover it up so that no skin may form on its
surface. This paste is applied in a very thin
layer to the surface of the table; the cloth, or
leather, is then laid and pressed upon it, and
smoothed with a roller. The ends are cut off
after drying. If leather is to be fastened on,
this must be moistened with water. The paste
is then applied, and the leather rubbed smooth
with acloth.

Utilizing Tide Power,

When the venerable Peter Cooper was an ap-
prentice he invented a water wheel to utilize the
natural current of the tides. His plan was to
cause the waterwheel to rise and fall with the
tide, at any desired speed, by the action of its
own machinery. It was so arranged that the
whole power could be thrown on a mill, or be
made to force compressed air into a reservoir to
be used as a motive power to propel ferry boats
across the river. This last was done by making
the hull of a ferry boat to consist of two strong
iron cylinders, to provide for the boyancy of the
boat, and form at the same time a reservoir
for the compressed air used to drive it across
the river. The wreck of the model of this tide
mill is still preserved in the garret of Mr.
Cooper’s house.

Tuat Marvellous Purifyer Burpock BLoop BITTERs,
will speedily change the sallow face to one of freshness,
health and beauty. It regulates the Bowels, acts
promptly on the Liver and Kidneys and strengthens
the system when broken down by nervous and general
debility. Ask your cree for a trial bottle, the cost
is only 10 cents, Large bottles $1,00,

AUSTRALIAN FORESTS,

According to the London, Eng., Journal of
Forestry there has been a marked advance in
forest. conservancy in South Australia during
the past year. The extent of the forest reserves
has been increased by 4,762 acres, the total area
now reserved being 239,368 acres. The reserves
are distributed throughout various parts of the
colony, but chiefly in the northern and southern
districts. During the year, 906 acres have been
put under acrop of trees in these reserves by
planting, seed sowing, and natural regeneration
which, added to the 934 acres planted in preyi-
ous years, gives 1,840 acres now inclosed and
put under a crop of trees by special cultivation
and designated plantations. This can only be
called a small beginning, considering the im-
mense area that still remains to be treated, but
it is nevertheless highly creditable to the forest
board of the colony that it has accomplished
this much in the short time since the board was
constituted.—Worthwestern Lumberman.

Pine Forests in Georgia.

The wanton destruction of the pine forests of
Georgia is creating considerable alarm. Georgia
has untold wealth in her pine forests, and yet
they are diminishing rapidly and bringing but a
nominal return. Georgia contains an area 35,-
515,526 acres. The pine belt contains nearly
one-third of this area, say 11,505,174 acres. Al-
lowing about one-half of this amount to be
already taken up and employed for cultivation,
milling, and turpentine purposes, we have only
5,752,587 acres left in the original forest. There
was consumed during the year 1880, as near as
we can estimate, a little over 250,000 acres of
timber. This timber found its way to foreign
markets principally, leaving but little money in
the country as compensation. At this rate, it
will be seen that it will only require about
twenty years to destroy the last original pine in
Georgia, even if there is no increase in consump-
tion. The supply, however, is not equal to the
demand now, and new mills and turpentine
farms are being brought into existence continu-
ally. Certainly such a showing is calculated to
alarm any thinking man. We were told by a
mill-owner in southern Georgia that it requires
2,600 acres annually to supply thatone. All
the merchantable timber for miles on either side —
of the railroads, rivers and creeks has been cut
and sent to market. A section of unmolested
pine timber will be a fortune to any man in less
than twenty years.

Wash For Outside Walls.

I have long used for whitening my dwelling
and also for barns and sheds the following pre-
paration :—Dry zine, 1 Ib; white glue, 1 oz; or
in the same proportion of ingredients for any
quantity needed.

The zinc must be ground or pulverized and
dissolved in water moderately hot, stirring it
thoroughly during this process. The glue is to
be dissolved in a vessel by itself in the usual
manner and added to the zine mixture while
hot, stirring the same during the process and
for some little time afterward. The object de-
sired is a thorough admixture of the ingredients.
The preparation when ready fer use should be
of the\consistency of ordinary whitewash. It is
best applied with a wide brush. Walls treated
with this mixture, which have not been limed,
will preserve a pure white for several years, and
will not rub off. Twelve years since I applied
this mixture to my barn and sheds, and to-day
it is nearly as white as when first put on, and
cannot be rubbed off with the hand. If tinting
for border is desired, I have no doubt that a
slight admixture of lamp-black would give a
leaden color. I have not used it on newly
dressed surface, and do not know whether it
would adhere. A good quality of dry zine
should be purchased for from 6 to 7 cents per
pound.

Strength of Insects.

At a meeting of the Maryland Academy of
Sciences recently Dr. Theobald showed a species
of a beetle and gave the following figures:—
Weight of beetle, two grains ; weight moved by
it 54 ounces—2,540 grains, or 1,320 times the -
weight of the beetle. A man weighing ej
endowed with the strength of this insect, should
therefore be able to move 198,000 pounds, or
nearly 100 tons.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. ae oe

BE. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope, = 11

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO CePEe se

J. K. POST & CO.

LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.
Saw GO, IN. Y.

T12- ly

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.
b26

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

White Oak and Ash

LUMBER WANTED.

ADDRESS

YATES AND STRATFORD,

b BRANTFORD.

New Files Old Files

15

Manufactured | == RECUT
from the BEST ae BY HAND, ana
English Cast EQUAL TO

Steel and War-
ranted equal
to the Best Im-

ported File. Op)

THOS. GRAHAM, Manufacturer,

35 Sherbourne St., Toronto. 6L11

To Lumbermen.
The Subscriber makes to order all kinds of

TENTS,
Hammocks, eaadalinn, Waggon
"3 and Horse Covers,

Z#® Also dealer in all kinds of OIL SKIN
Clothing, Nets and Seine Twines.

An is also Agent for the best makes of AMERICAN
COTTON DUCKS in all widths.

J. LECKIE,

46 Front Street E., TORONTO.

M. BRENNEN,

MANUFACTURER AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Lumber, Lath and Shingles,
63, 65 and 67 King William Street,
HAMILTON, ONT

MILLS AND TIMBER LIMITS "r SILVER
CREEK, TIAGO P. O., ONT.

Bill Stuff cut from 10 t 10 to 60 feet.
Posts on hand.

NEW FOR USE

PRICE LIST
on application.

6112

Cedar

Orders sent to M. BRENNEN, Tiago, P. 0., will
receive prompt attention bl5

WANTED

4 COMPETENT MAN, with thorough knowledge of
Tram Railways, to g0 to Jamaica, to take charge of the
laying and keeping in order the rails and road bed of a
ten mile oamesels and when not employed to make
| himself otherwise useful. To a first-class competent
nage oe salary will be paid.
ress, with references and salary stoma
The Waterous Engine W
Brantford, ‘eines

4112

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,

ShippingsGeneral Agents

port Hope. [MONA IRON WORKS

aE /Pap ee ODN, Ont.

SAW GUIDE!| J H KILLEY & CO

Self poset Adjusting.
We:

——=

[22zZz

OW

ACM

i Sa

~ wm Ts
T

]

is

G. W. Rodebaugh’s patent Saw Guide will recommend
itself oy every practical sawer. All that is required is
a tria

No heating of Saws. Trial

free of charge.

No danger in setting.
&@The whole cakes only $25.
Manufactured in Canada by

KERR BROS., Walkerville, Ont.

who may be applied to for further particulars; or
address : 2

G. W. RODEBAUGH & CO.,

b15 WINDSOR, ONT

WITH THE TOMLINSON

(PATHNT)

BARREL MACHINE

One man and two boys can turn out

One Hundred and Fifty First-class
Flour Barrels in Ten Hours,

made from yeneered wood of two thicknesses. The
inside is one solid sheet of veneer running around the
barrel, making in reality one hoop from top to bottom,
and in the outside thickness the grain is reversed, run-
ning up and down, finished with five hoops two inches
wide, reversed again, making the barrel almost three
thicknesses, which gives the package superior strength,
tightness and durability over the ordinary hand-made
flour barrels, yet with all its many advantages cost less
than the old style of package. My barrel machine is
arranged to make all sized packages froma large barrel
down to small nail kegs, butter packages and cheese
boxes. Iam open to prove at any time the superior
strength of my barrel. That one will stand more hard-

ship by any actual test than one hundred of the old
ordinary flour barrels. County rights for sale, and all
information given by applying to

JAMES TOMLINSON, Patentee,

113 KING ST, EAST, TORONTO,

bl

Manufacturers of Economical, Variable, Cut-off, High Pressure, and

Condensing Hngines

Patent Circulating and Self-Cleansing Boilers, Improved Feed Water Heaters and
Patent Steam Blast Apparatus for Improving Draft and Economizing Fuel,

First-class Grist & Saw Mill Engines and Machinery
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS and STONE BREAKERS.

6112

“@ ti

FOR READY: MADE CLOTHING

This House stands at the head, having manufactured Clothing in Toronto for over Forty Years,
and always gave satisfaction to customers. @8-THEY IMPORT THEIR OWN WOOLLENS
FROM EUROPE, and Manufacture the Clothing on the premises.

GENTS’ ALL WOOL SUITS, $7.50, $9.00 and $12.00
GENTS’ FINE WORSTED SUITS, $11.75, $15.00 and $18.00
GENTS’ SHIRTS, UNDERCLOTHING, TIES and GLOVES

R. WALKER & SONS,

GOLDEN LION, KING STREET, TORONTO,

b19

WHITHS CANADA aon

MANUFACTURED AT

These Scales are metdbactar ed of the Very
Best Material, and warranted to give satisfac-
2 tion. Send for Prices and Testimonials.

JAMES CG. WHITE & CO.=
102 Adelaide St. East, Toronto

10

Market Aeports.

CoO
Montreal.
Ash, 1 to 4-in, @M.......... $15 00@17 00
OL square Mo wseeeee 22 00@25 00

13 00@15 00

Basswood, &-in, ? M.
14 00@17 00

ss boys Gegoosooonapn

Black walnut, “culls, ra M.. sseese.. 5D O0@EN 00
SS 2nd quality, e Mc eee 85 00@90 00

We HLS) ee ry Se P= grins aa Se 100 00@105 00
Cedar, round,. P eptood o005 »- 0 09@ 0 12
flat, 0 08@ 0 10

LUE bh (yeu Londons. tine a ordbon ric 0 10@ 0 12
Grey elm, Ist quality, #M............. 22 00@27 00
Rock GO. Te Mendon Brea oaaeG 35 00@40 02
Spruce, 1 to3in., @M,.........+5 jnoo ne 8 00@ 9 00
«square OS TS See ry everett 12 00@14 00
INGial Opis, GH) WES os" SneagdoboNs aoovZo00b000 35 00@40 00
Pine, clear, 1st quality, QM.. 35 00@45 00
2nd 21 00@27 00

ig 3rd WG ananeooasadpe, iP (Gules (Of)

Chicago.

The volume of shipments has largely increased
during the week, the reported shipments being
over 7,000,000 feet greater than for the corres-
ponding week of last season, and the actual
shipments reaching 27,757,000, or an average of
4,500,000 feet per day. Prices are reported
firm, and we can learn of nothing which should
lead to a doubt of the correctness of the claim.

A buoyant feeling is manifest among the
dealers and all are looking forward to a short
and active season, the gross results of which
will exceed anything heretofore known. This
feeling so far as we can learn is shared by the
trade every where.—Worthwestern Lumberman.

STOCK ON HAND MARCH 1,

1881, 1880, 1879.
Dumber... tees ee 322,491,234 263,452,591 234,106,246
Shingle: wseeee + 125,648,264 113,593,000 129,180,000
ILA innonondhonooo 33,388,899 30,126,770 24,587,479
IPICKEtS sn siininete ee 1,589,064 849,238 376,299
Cedar posts......- 79,887 47,797 306,544
Hardwood....... PALI HUN Snudnepoos looonaonssc

YARD QUOTATIONS—CAR LOTS—DRY.
FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH.

Ist; 2d clear, 1, 1} and 14 im..... ........ e000 « $43 00
1st and 2d cles Ars 2 Thiksec Onn Op 66.0 ob oD OOUnOAG +» 45 00
TignpIG! ACLOlr, Baidu nbog ooo000. Kovgocbdeodan 50 00
3d clear, 1}, 13 amduo ine ain seen leaker Atl BaGeda 38 00
RANGES HIN) CONG LOANS iNsteteteletetoiali=[<lufelelobeisisleielerarato tere 32 00
Saleh i itty Anoouenabneasesononnaodndapgonded 0 32 00
Select B...... 22 C0

I, 2in. B. .-» 26 00

7 and 8 in. . 26 00
Clear and Select 2x4 28 00

OFG GhaelOte baatins *Letapa Sod 0desn JoLoode 32 00

All one length $1 extra,”
WAGGON-BOX STUFF.

3-in Anal thes /Nonopoddponcodneno cn mui aeereiaistastinie tars $43 00

4-in. and up. B.
14-in. and up. C.
D

All 14 feet $2 extra.
STOCK BOARDS.

THT A til OAtUsmtebaetevateteeseisvere) sieleye feva\a/ed sta wlsyate/s $37 00
12 in. B b
12 in.
12in. D
12 in.
12 in.,
10 in. A
1) tin, ISandoncaeoeo> adaDnDoD Gab shaderogosee soot 30 00
110) Thy, (CARBS AobBRDe SOO Seb ooo GSU INO. bpoanas 24 00
COMMON BOARDS—ROUGH.
Dry.
Common boards, 12 in........+5 Mallee siertovanieranlORDE
TENG! PADI; Gabbe OS bOONODOdONM. Moo suaucod mised D0):
TOY TH Tape hesl IVS (radoon ou AdnoOu nd Od On AD ROLIOADA 14 00
(Ofoubls,, hhhaldayendaeh oGpoudoacseobododopouODndoudd 11 50
Tf and 1 COM.... 1... seeeeee wees e cence vane see 13 50
TIMBER AND DIMENSION—DRY.
Small timber; 18ift. and under...............55. $12 00
72; 14, 16land! 18 ft. Joist... 2. ees cece eee e en sees 18 00
2x4, 10 and 20 ft
2x4, 18 ft..
OME SU ts feielatnteele tie. sis
DATCCb i. ees aieine s sijeneies
DAE CUy ss. ag sfelasiniviern in ah HOSED DOR sotue ated isis
OO co goodness soc Ad oAcA DOOD JOS GU ood sa 20 00
DBE OG Livrayaitielelers eotratateys sinh cPuroluleys)sialaiers\aln isle) fatazuccfertse is 20 09
Dal eet sieeteteisieteteis sezerete te fepinie eicfevevciecola/ sui tajeetopeieete 20 00
in. cull plank, all widths...... ....s..5..-... 9 00
2x4 culls, all lengths............6 Rint stateistelefeiats ee 9°50
SUINGLES—16-INCH—DRY—CAR LOTS.
Gea tte titers toaetatciaseas ree olelete aticchrote HosN connate 38 25
IEIRCL AeA tetenccintaletstetestaieieieisyeyr/olaruie, ofeintsyafattrsyerefeny veers 3 00
Standard A ‘ 2 90
Wecdanshinwlesmmmmrne rire erste icine aes $2 00@2 50

Ends of cars and less than ear load lots, five cents per
thousand extra. The shingles handled in the Chicago
market are all 16-inch.

PICKETS—LATH.
Flat, select and clear, d. and h...

Squares ds andop, scmee acs aes

IME raoy (Sols KexXolols U5 Qu aemaonnoeodoney ncacTaoan:

Plat, rough, COMMON: Tse es eee. os

Dry Tat Ja BURIDIAS 5719 BDU DEAOOAOO ROB OSo DOU OU oO

CEDAR POSTS AND POLES.

Sawed 4 of 64 in. A 7 Hf ESO HOODIE COE OUD OU DO $19 00
* 6 ag eramterpiele eves Rat iuisie corel aoe 10 50
Week ‘ss 7 it Sp andntloo ier OGeaErO Den ae 12 00
Peal bebe Ve Bits Sate RSGGp DUC OaOL SOM ERRTEnee 16 50
OE ER fi hice ceaetencerea aha ad commas 9 00
+ 9,10, 11 and 12 in., 7 ft. long. . soggucua 12 00

4in., round, full le ng th eta catstataraiwncses yk. oiery, a. eaerete 12 00

5 “ee

6 “ «

7 “ a3 “ee

8 “ee ce ia)

10 feet, I@EALN Chl arerraninyaccinintetess se xinte Cieeih

12 se SINS CHDELOROTR TO ecu O

14“ PPM va ati ASS fre ogo feiss b0 STs, « nr aie rc Cae RT Oe

Lon Me daee be ene Cv be tee dae +. 11 00@18 50

BOL SE DE abs Ruabon: Suen eset hLOL OO

THE CANADA

Boston.

The distribution continues to gradually im-
prove, and although the demand is not yet very
large, dealers show no desire to dispose of any
stock at ‘“‘off” rates, and are continuing to
make additions to their supply, especially in the
finer grades. Nearly all of the inferior kinds
have been in the market in sufficient quantities
to give an easy tone to prices, although, as a
general rule, dealers are more disposed to hold
than to sell below ‘‘card” rates. The finer
grades have been limited in quantity, and prices
are firm. Hardwoods still continue scarce, and
sell well at high prices.

CANADA PINE,

Selects, Dressed...-....+- nonuasisoodaege $48 00@50 00
Shelving, Dressed, Ists........ «+ seevee 40 00@42 00

do do BAAS aor cinep eee 33 00@35 00
Dressed Shippers. . . 27 00@29 00
Dressed Box....... 18 00@20 00

42 00@45 00

Sheathing, 1st quality.
2nd 34 00@35 00

Quotations at the yards are as follows :—

Pine; (cleary:4p 0s tas's's\ ie cieisieislsle'ats onier ele $50 CO@60 00
Pine, fourths... ....,-.---s0seetcoeees .« 45 00@55 00
Pine, SClects.. ...100.cveevsrccrssevvsvegas 40 00@50 00
Piney) LOOM OK i/aretein eistey eietarsie slot Merasis/ sie ers 17 0)@28 00
Pine, common bOX.....+++ Noe ao. AED aD 14 09@17 00
Pine, 10-in. plank. - srelo sie) nistelpinisyo/efeierass 88 00@42 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls........+.... esses 2L 00@23 00
Pine boards, 10-in. .......0ecrscserees «+. 25 00@28 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, culls.....--++....+«.. 17 00@18 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., ®M.......... 28 00@00 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16ft........ .. 28 00@00 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 13ft.... 28 00@00 00
Pine, 1} in. siding, select....... - 42 00@00 06
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common.... .......-. 18 00@00 00
Pine, 1-in. siding, select.....ssesecsssees 40 00@00 00
Pine, inch siding, common.... ........-. 16 00@00 00
Shingles, Shaved) Pie’ aciasisninniel emis arate 6 00@00 00
2nd quality eiotact tastes nia iste 4 50@00 00
OY extra, sawed, INOS = sisi ie -'e elela 4 25@00 00
oe clear, micintataisieiateleistare 3 25@00 00
¥ cedar, ee Prats: ac. ureter e 2 75@00 00

————— es

Oswego, N.Y.

THYEE UPPEYS...-.cssesereesseeccvesss- mts OOS 00
Pickin gern cemenmstiarien seins scams s 32 00@35 00
lobe B CelaeoheoO) Geman Gonanodorcnccuaead oo 20 00@25 00
COHMION ete nc fale vislels sistierercle eietale 14 00@16 00
Culley. ois clelela stators Sno eke Miciny eh apidisiv/ainfeielnie 12 00@14 00
MG sun: lots... tele aetna isieisgte o's (etn s 16 00@20 00
Sidings, selected, 1 inch. ........+...--+ 30 00@33 00
Ԥ 14 inch Sarma sunce 2igcoa too 30 00@88 00
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 tt... - 16 00@29 00

selectec ayers ‘day 20 00@25 00

BOIMPELS sa arene elas Vietcn sta Wine wip 15 00@16 00
Mill run, 1 and 1} inch strips.......+-... 15 00@18 00
Gulls; selacted eh vins's ut ane'e si naleefeiers oie 22 00@30 00
Culls. . rate/any a:b cie we ieiele detain sur eth eeesee. 11 00@13 00
1x6 selected for clapboards. testeeceses.. 24 00@85 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, pine............ 3 50@ 3 75

XXX, 18 inch, Cedar... cteseaee ts 3 00@ 3 50
Lethaia arayeresescipissutsie- sate ots mc uiptaratcle ip eed elaiat aie Te 1 50@ 1 75

———

Buffalo,
We quote cargo lots:

Uppers. .......« eieitisteiey ejeislevely seeeeeee se -S35 00@40 00
COMMON: yi caeicctsineis: bin Une s/s mee Ob ee 16 00@19 00
CULIS Fa icieeis ele eeinroieieeieetaiaiaric steers iietietes 11 00@12 00
Dressing stocks. ..+......65 secatae eanininioes 18 00@20 00
Dressing SlGIN GS) i. se cn trwnceinulnsla cisie’e sie 17 00@19 00

—_—_——__—-

Tonawanda,

CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION,
Three Uppers... ccesecreseeeersscscenens $38 00@40 00
COMMON i sfemsves bye siniersts Wralas maine tetetaik sae 17 50@19 50
CUllsiniieients sieieie'pinte bayeremamaualkid eintaisiennrs State 15 00@17 00

——_—_—___9—_—_—__—__—.

British Imports,

The British Board of Trade Returns for
February show the import of woods into the
United Kingdom during the month ending
February 28th, 1881, and in the two months
ending February 28th, 1881, compared with the
corresponding period of last year to be as

follows :—
FOR THE MONTH OF FERRUARY.

Quantity. Value.
Timber, (hewn) 1880......... 3,354,000 ft. £132,019
do (okey USTs OS Soa 3,500,200 ** 256,900
IMCYLeASe.veeecseeereens 148,200 ft. £124,881
Timber, (sawn or split or
dressed) 1880. ...+.+.++-- 2,778,850 ft. £142,296
do oye ak IAS Soo gas 2,178,650 ** 133,063
Decrease.....+.....00 595,200 ft. £9,233
FOR THE TWO MONTHS ENDING 28TH FEBRUARY, 1881.
Quantity, Value.
pes (hewn) 1880.......-. 6,815,400 ft. £263,632
Gow TS8iy secs 7,172,250: ‘* 404,512
IMCreaSGx cen ccs ceusews 356,850 ft. £141,080
Timber, (sawn or split or
dressed) 1880............ 5,314,150 ft. £268,526
do Gols T8SLC twee 4,701,350 ‘ 268,453
Decrease....-+ sussiee.) « Gb2,800 Tt. £73
————_>—

Freight Rates.

The rate of freight on lumber from Belleville
to Oswego has not yet been established, as ship-
pers only offer 90 cents while vessel-men are
asking $1.25. There are plenty of vessels at that
port, so that the latter will likely have to
moderate their demands.

LUMBERMAN.

The English Wood Market.

James Smith & Co.’s Liverpool Wood Cireu-
lar of April 5th says:—The arrivals since our
last have been 17 vessels, 12,624 tons, against 30
vessels, 14,635 tons, in corresponding period last
year ; and 8 vessels, 5,139 tons in 1879 :—

FROM 26TH JANUARY TO 318T MARCH, 1881.

Vessels. Tons.
Quebec.....-s- + Sanne Foulwelpigie ee 1 921
St. JohpuNn Gone. eae oe 4 3,734
United States.rseccicccrccee negitas 18 19,458
BAMIG:. Sam ate beady uch ate ale p'<ip\vihieuhesg’> (hig ts 6 1,993
Wotal tars esietentee ote Bannon 29 26,106
FROM 26TH JANUARY TO 318T MARCH, 1880.

Vessels. Tons.

Quebec...... Josivip Seeks os pees . il. Nil.
St. John, N.B., & 9 9,815
United States..... 7 5,543
Baltic........ aapis 26 9,056
WOtal.,s.. 1. ee teed c= tee ta amo elsh 42 24,414

FROM 25TH JANUARY TO 29TH MARCH, 1879.

Vessels. Tons.

Quebec se crises scivisisaine Nil. Nil.
St, John, N.B., &e 7 6,483
United States........+00+ stesso 9 8,630
Baltiend.. che tees » een 4 Pr Pk Ae, 7 3,021
Mental: 2.) /aiste'ee cleve: agnaeebeciaa see 23 18,134

Business during the month has been exces-
sively dull, and buyers generally exhibit a want
of confidence in the future; therefore, sales
both by private and by public auction have been
unsatisfactory to sellers. It is now to be hoped
that the fine weather may have some beneficial
effect, although for some time tozcome the stock
will be ample, and shippers should curtail sup-
plies as much as possible. Freights are without
change, and money continues cheap.

CoLontaL Woops.—Of yellow pine timber
there have been no fresh arrivals during the
past month ; the stock is comparatively heavy,
and the consumption has been moderate. The
sales have been by private only, as the parcel
of Quebec waney board recently offered ‘at
auction was not sold. Red pine is in dull de-
mand, and the stock ample ; there are no sales
reported, Of elm there is an ample supply, and
the consumption during the month has been on
asmall scale. Of oak there has been an im-
proved consumption, but the stock still remains
heavy, being 444,000 feet against 361,000, A
parcel of 650 planks, cut to waggon size, was
offered at auction, but did not meet with a pur-
chaser. Black walnut—There has been a good
demand, and several parcels realized at auction
5s@6s per foot. Of birch there have been no
fresh arrivals, but the stock, which consists of
140,000 feet, will be sufficient until the fresh
import comes in. There have been no sales
during the month. The parcel of 483 logs,
which was offered at auction a few days ago,
was withdrawn, and afterwards sold privately
at 147d per foot. N.B. and N.S. spruce deals
have been sold freely by private at from £6 17s
6d@£7 per standard for St. John’s and other
good shipments, all from the yard; but for
shipment under contract the sales have been at
from £6 15s@£7 per standard, and Pugwash at
£6 5s per standard c.i.f. By auction the cargoes
(sold *‘ without reserve’) ex Minnie Gordon,
from Richibucto, averaged £6 17s 6d per stand-
ard, and ex Gulnare, from Bay Verte, averaged
£6 14s 6d per standard, and a few days ago the
cargo of St. John’s deals, ex Flying Foam (old
deals), realized from £6 5s@ £7 12s 6d, and
averaged about £7 per stnadard. The stock is
being reduced, and the consumption as compar-
ed with the same time last year has greatly im-
proved. There is still a good inquiry from the
Continent, and it is probable the present prices
will now be fully maintained. Of pine deals
the stock is light, but there is not much demand
for these at present. A small lot from St.
Margaret’s Bay of Ist, 2nd and 8rd quality was
sold at £7 per standard. Quebec pine deals are
very heavy in stock, but the consumption is
improving ; the sales have been by auction for
3rd quality at £9 10s@ £11 12s 6d for board
deals, and at £8@£9 7s 6d for 11-inch and under
the Ist and 2nd quality were withdrawn unsold.
Quebec pipe and West India staves are in fair
demand. Palings and lathwood are easily dis-
posed of ; the latest sales of palings were 70s for
5x1 inch ; and 55s for 4x$ inch.

—_$___— =

HE&ADACHE.—Why become asuffering martyr to Head-
ache, when Burpock Bioop Brrrers will surely cure the
cause of all varieties of Sick and Nervous Headache,
cleanse the system, regulate the secretions, relieve con-
stipation of the bow els, purify the blood, renovate the
liver and tone up the nervous system, and distressing
headache will be unknown. Sample bottles 10 cents,
Large bottles$1.00.

cal

Liverpool Timber Sales.
On Friday, April 1st, Messrs. Farnworth &
Jardine offered a cargo of spruce deals from St.
John, N.B., stored in the yard, consisting of
about 35,000 pieces, of which about two-third
was sold by auction, chiefly to the local
and the remainder was probably closed by pri-
Yate treaty after the auction was over. Two or
three parcels of Quebec pine deals were offered,
chiefly 1st and 2nd quality, but there was no
disposition to buy, and the goods were with-
drawn. A parcel of 5,700 3rd quality bright
sold as per particulars below :— <j

Spruce deals, St. John, N.B.— ‘ ‘58
Gs hl z ‘6 da.
20 to 25ft.3x1l1 7 15 O is
16 “19 “3xll 7 12 6 {
12 “15% 3xll 7 5 O
9“ 11 “38x11 6 15 0 to 6 17
16“ 19“ 3x9 7 7 6
12 45 “sx9 7. Oe
911“ 3x9 6 15 -0
16 “19 “ 347 6 15 0 ,
12 “ 15“ 3x7 6 10 O A
9 9%" 8x7 3B Be
9 985 Fact Tig ae
Pine deals, Quebec, 3rd quality bright—
12 ft.3x16to2 11 26
12“ 3x215 10 2 6
ll “ 3x8@)4* 319 "9 10 0
ll “ 89cdm 9 76
lliol1s “ Sg 8. 7 6
13 “ 3x9 8 10 0
13“ 3x7&8 8 090
—__———
Glasgow.

During the week several extensive auction
sales have been held, as detailed below, and
afford a good indication of the state of the
market here. The first was held at Greenock
on the 31st March, whena large amount of busi-
ness was done—say about 1,000 pieces log tim-
ber and 70 lots deals changing hands.

At the sales of deals held here on the 6th
April, there was a fair company, but merchants
and consumers were evidently disposed only to
buy sparingly (as regards pine deals especially),
although tempting offers were made of some
lots at very moderate rates. On the whole the
market for pine deals here at present is by no
means active. This state of things, however,
may only be temporary, as the stock of ordi-
nary useful deals is not large comparatively.

The spruce deals, particularly the long lengths
and favorite breadths, met with fair competi-
tion. Some lots of the narrow sorts, or 7x3,
were withdrawn :

Quebec Ist yellow ry deals—
2 ft.17/20x3 2s. 10id. p. c. ft.
rin 1SDx2} et oa
10 « 191x8 “
12 “ x
li “ upixst 2s. 7d “
7 10 19/91x3 2s gd,“

2“ 4x3
9“ 151x352 6d “
io“ 19/14x3 2m 4d. “
Qu 121x828 id
w ae 10x “-

Do. ends,'6 to 8 fe 7/11x%; im, M4. amd fo, 203d. per
cubic ft.

Do. flosted deals, 0 0082 eee

Do. 8rd do., 12 ft. 15/203, Is. 34d. p. c. ft.

On 6th April, at Glasgow, Messrs. Hunter,
Sheriff & Co., brokers (following Messrs. Geo.
Gillespie & Co’s sale) :-—

St. John, N.B., spruce deals—

19 to 24 ft. 11x3 1s Ojd. p. c. ft,
15& A * us Is. Oid. “
- x “
10 to22 “* 13x38 1s. O}d.
ll “ai 4x8 1s. -
9tolsé x * te
9 to cS Xs °§
793 9x3 a
aii 12 ry ae
w&14“ 11x E.
9 to « One en
x “
9510“ 7x8 i =
9to2w* 6x3 10d. “3
10 “21 “ 7x2h 10d. 4
9“ 9 * 3/6X3 & Qf 9}d. “
Do. ends—
: to ; “a faxes a “
‘ “ 7 4x “
Do. 4th spruce deals—
9 to 22 ft. 11x3 od “
“mS 9x3 ‘
9 «92 « 12/14x3 Sid, “
gs 23 “* 7x3 Sid. “
St. John, N. pine deals—
to2Mft.11&18x3 Is ag
10 a Wed 9x3 103d. at
10 “* 14 * 7Ixs O34. “
Quebec Ist pine deals A—
18ft 11+4+3$ ~ &s. bag =
Tl “12/15=3 2s. 4d. -
= = = = =i es
18 * 6+ Ss,
10 “ 6=3 Is. io bh
6 to 16 “ 6=8 Is, Od. e
Do. 2nd do. $ to 14 ft. 6+3 Is. Bd. =<
—_——__>—__—_——__

“Hail Beauteous, Bounteous, Gladsome
—this was Mark Twain’s prize poem—but
diseases incident to spring, spoil the romance. Bur-
dock Blood Bitters is the prize remedy, the —

rized by all who have tried it as the best Blood Puri-
hay Tonic and System Regulator in the market. It
cures all Blood Humors from the worst toa
common Pimple. Sample bottles 10 cents. For sale
by all dealers in medicine.

Ge ake)

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 1]

Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

This cut is a simile of Package.

W. H. STOREY & SON.,

ACTON, ONTARIO,
GLOVE MANUFACTURERS.

The best description of GLOVES and MIT'S in every
variety of material and style manufactured by us. b15

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. ‘The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows:

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x BW.

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with two ovens, each 16
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

STOREY'S “EUREKA”
SPRING GLOVE FASTENER, PAT?

S. R. WARREN & SON,

Church Organ Builders.

The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3), 1880.
AvAmM Hat, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and havé no hesitation in saying that J prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a Jarge number of men are employed, it is the best stove 1 have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.
Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June lst, 1880.
ApAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it ig very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drivee, We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

\
e/i'|)

IX
Oa

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880.

A. HAuL, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties supplied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough,
Bee TOI, 8 Cie

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

; rane iL? ROUGRRRUSESUREEBNTD
The greatest tribute to its extraordinary merits is,
that it was awarded First Prize and Diploma at

Toronto Exhibition, 1880.
Hamilton oh os

Specifications and all information promptly furnished
on application.
London ss &§

Factory and Warerooms:
Montreal <4 ‘K

Corner Ontario and Wellesley Streets | over ail other yeasts.
TORONTO, ONT. TRY IT, AND BE CONVINCED.

: 3 : Ask your Grocer for it, or send direct to the factory.
4#You are particularly requested, in ordering, to} PrARL YEAST COMPANY, 39 Front Street, To-
mention this paper b13 | ronto, Box 1264, b15

THE GENUINE SILVER-STEEL,
Lance Tooth

CROSS-CUT SAW!

HATA
ul

YW READ THIS! §

wad!

HATH
] Irish Canadian Office.
Toronto, Feb. 21st, 1881.
Mr. F. Crumpton,
Dear Sir,—The watch I purchas-
ed from you some time ago, has

given perfect satisfaction, and I First. Prize, Provincial Exhibition .............. Ottawa, 1875
perch pleased wah it, and can First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ........... Hamilton, 1876
enced I Ae BHeane ia First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .............. London, 1877
the jewelry line, to deal at your First Prize, Industrial Exhibition............-. Toronto, 1879
store. Yours very truly First Prize, Industrial Exhibition .............. Toronto, 1880

PATRICK BOYLE,
Proprietor Irish Canadian

International Medal, Centennial Ex....... Philadelphia, 1876

Send for our new price list of
Watches, Diamonds, Silverware,
Jewellery, &c., sent post prepaid
on application. Goods sent C. O.

m, D. to any part of Canada. Wehave
ay dozens of testimonials similar te
the above, plainly show-
ing that83 King St. East
is the place to buy your

goods.

F. CRUMPTON,

It stands without a rival, and is the fastest cutting saw ‘ 83 King Street East,
in the world. It has beaten the best Canadian and TORONTO. b30
American made saws 334 per cent in every contest. Its
superiority consists of its excellent temper. It is tem-
pered under the secret Chemical Process, which toughens
and refines the steel. It givesa finer and keener cutting
edge, and will hold it twice as long as any other process.
We have the sole right for this process for the Dominion
of Canada. -

None genuine that are not like the above cut, with
registered trade mark with the word ‘‘ The Lance,” and
Maple Leaf with our name. Price $1 per foot.

Cavution.—Beware of Counterfeits. There are in-
ferior counterfeits on the market, which are intended
to be sold at a high price upon the reputation of this
saw. We will send to any address a saw exactly like
any counterfeit, warranted equal in quality or no sale,
at We. per foot. Therefore do not be humbugged into
paying a first-class price for a second-class saw. A
fact to bear in mind is that if the material and temper
are not of the very best quality the shape of the teeth
amounts nothing. A saw, like a knive, will not cut
fist without it will hold a keen, cutting edge. Wehave
cut off a 14-inch sound basswood log in eight seconds
with this saw. Manufactured only by

SHURLY & DIETRICH,

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.

81 Colborne Street, Toronto

American Hotel, Corner Young & Front Sts.,
eG Gaye. OINeL

Newly‘and elegantly furnished throughout. Contains one hundred rooms, and under it the new

Manufacturers of Sawa, Plastering Trowels, Straw ” management is first-class in‘all its appointments, at moderate rates.
Knives, &&. &e. Free omnibuses to and from all trains.
GALT, ONTARIO. bis W. R. BINGHAM, of Bradford, Ontario, Proprietor b20

i

ai? THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

_ Portable Saw MillsISAAC ANDERSON’S

>
Specialties : ESSN _ Specialties :
=>
HNGIN HS On W AT Ee eis. = i P
‘George Book writes, St. Anns, Ontario, June 17, 1879, regarding his AN p E R S 0 N’ S V AL V OLINE
= 16-horse power Champi on Sawmill:
“ Last week, on Monday morning, three men of us commenced to tear
ap mill to ape mo up, moved three miles, set it up MOLE
= Tuesda: at three o' lock ennzed a log nth ned, a fot qu quite to d pe aye In x F z
mov mentioned, and saw ricating
@ ject. 1 Iwill write full portteuans soon. We sawed six dr or Lub
in twenty-nine minutes—inch lumber.”

an
Feet

2 sizes built—12 H. P. u unt, 44 in. saw, Raa, 3 to 4,000 per day. 16
mad P. using 48 in. saw, Capacity, 4 to 5,000 per day. aS f x x
z Most pimple efficient goal portable mill of is size in the Ie

Steam Cylinders

x x Xx « Itleavesno
MA CHINE Deposit, and |
Preserves
OILS. | the Metal.
= ae iy These Oils are justly pronounced by Competent Judges ’
"~ WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO., BRANTFORD, CANADA. The Best Value in the Market! |

mer Ores rm A LARGE STOCK OF ALL KINDS OF
6. 1 O a li HH L NG MACHINE OILS AT THE LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES.

CONSTANTLY ON HAND.

JOHN FISKEN & CO. ACENTS,) ISAAC ANDERSON

f ( ‘MB f “RM f Ny ~ 23 Scott Street, Toronto. ) * bis
Will Save Time and Money by going direct to the Mi A | H E W G U mL

GOLDEN GRIFFIN Carriages, Waggons, Buggies,

WHEN IN THE CITY TO PURCHASE THEIR CLOTHING,

Men's Tweed Suits - - $7 50 to $16 50 Sat ae

Men’s Worsted Suits - - 750 to 21 50/Sl Jobbing and Repairing Punctually Attended to.
Men's Overcoats - - - - 9 00 to 16 50) we:

103 and 105 Queen Street East, Toronto.

All our Clothing is Cut and Made on the Premises, by first
class competent Workmen, and quite equal to Ordered Clothing

/ IH I) Bit}!
NOTE THE ADDRESS: We H(

PETLEY & COMPANY] .

GOLDHN GRIFRIN,
128, 180 and 182 King Street East, Toronto, Ont. ws

TORON TO SCALE WORKS!
G. B. Mi EA D OWS, C. WILSON & SON, Proprietors.

MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN OldestScale Works in Canada. Established over Thirty Years.
y e
/ IH), VW. b C ie VW A VL S & 71 ‘p vy ji Z A S Hay Seales. Dormant Seales. Cheese Factory Seales.
” | Coal Scales. Hopper Scales. Counter Scales.
Hotel and General House Furnishing Goods, Cooking Ranges and Stoves. Cattle Seales Platform Scales Grocer Seales.
HOT. ALR: FUBRN AQCKS, ke. Flour Packers. Dairy Scales. Butcher Seales.
Wholesale Dealer in Tinware, Sheet, Copper & Brass Goods, Coal Oil and Lamp Goods. SS-This Scales have received 29 FIRST PRIZES, MEDAL and
sa@r-CONTRACTOR FOR BUILDERS’ JOB WORK, COVERNOR GENERAL'S DIPLOMA.

DUNLOP STREET, Cor, Railway Square, BARRIE, ONT. (ee ESPLANADE STREET, TORONTO

Send for Lilustratedj;Catalogue. b18

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, 13

LUMBERMEN’S STATIONERY,

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber
Shanties and Offices at City prices.

Shanty Settlements Office Letterheads
Shanty Orders Office Noteheads

Shanty Receipts Office Envelopes

Shanty Time Books Office Cards

Shanty Log Books Office Notes 7

Shanty Reports Office Drafts

Shanty Ledgers | Office Orders

Shanty Cash Books Office Receipts

Shanty Way Bills Office Blank Books

Drive Books Office Ship Account Books

And everything ene to a complete office outfit.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices.
Book-Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.
Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

TOKER & CO,

“THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”

PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

1A THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

DOMINION BELT and HOSE COMPANY gure npn ‘onern

JAMES D. McARTHUR - - - Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF IN THE UNITED STATES.

Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting !| © give the Best of References in

FIRE ENGINE HOSE, LACE, LEATHER every Rbste ame Terms
Loa i POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP’Y,

OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, aig) ee ETC: 101, 103 and 105 West Front Street,
STITCHED AND RIBBED BELTING MADE TO ORDER. CINCINNATI.
sa@-Double Always in Stock. Send for Samples and Prices-ea| *” “int® 0 CONMEGANED ENON EEN

Send for Illustrated Circulars, naming THE al Y

bl16 42 FRONT STREET BAST, TORONTO. LUMBERMAN, Lil

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ BRYCE BROTHERS. |

Lumber from BRYCE BROS. to Build the Canada Pacific Railway!
P re 5 a)

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English

and American makers, This along wiih the unlimited awards, prove that of 2 ry ‘
THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD! idee? : E

Office and Yard:

TBPSIA PION Ply

Y WS ——
BLAKE—“It looks like good, clear stuff. It strikes me it is about
the only clear thing in the whole business.”

LUMBER MERCHANTS. .

.Provincial Exhibition, 18'71
.Centennial Exhibition, 1876

International Medal & Diploma, Sydney, Aus. 187

Carriage & Waggon Works

No. 17, ALICE STREET, TORONTO.

TB. SUDDIV Ae

(Successor to the late JOHN WEBSTER)

We RECHIV HD
CL A TRPOELe tH A.

6LEl “XW [elysnpuy’ uUesIO 10[1eg OF [epey ATWO
SL8L “XW [BIouLAOIg ‘UBSIO 10[,1eqg IOjJ [epey A[UO

OSSI ‘eIleaysny AoupAg ye

Medal and Diploma.....
Medal and Diploma....

The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market, 72S" We guarantee all our MAN U FACTU R E R
Organs for five years. Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catalogue mailed free.

V7. TST ks (Ce OF FIRST-CLASS a . jm <

WAGGONS

gs oc otiee seme mens CARRIAGES CA)
N ai [ 0 | d | Mi d | Ul fa C | U rl | g (; 0 Mn p d N y In the latest style. Superior material used in all branches, All work warranted for one year.

gae-A// Orders Promptly attended to. Special Attention paid to Repairing.
202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

PRICES TO SUIT THE TIMES. b13

made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP
=F ES TZ” BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent- ! = = —
— ed; size when folded 2x 6in.; 8 feet long, weighing SSS
Con —ocpnly 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the
YY S€ weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-

—_ sto
B == 7 covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of ’
every description made to order on the premises. @e ’ ’

7S Special rates to Lumbermen,. Send for cata-

logue and price list to *
NATIONAL MANUFACTURING C0., McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.

b27 202 Sparks Street, Ottawa ge Patronized by Royalty and the best families, Prices graduated according to rooms, b17

THE PEN ADE: eU PERM’:

15

JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.

fi ON Toe O.N TAHRIO,

MANUFACTURERS OF EVERY VARIETY OF

Circular, Mill and Gang Saws

ee ot OL ALTE Ty

INSERTED TOOTH SAWS 22?

SAWws REPAIRED.

SEND FOR PRICES.

EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

6113

KERR BROS.

PRACTICAL

FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS,

And MILLWRIGHTS.

Manufacturers of Marine and Horizontal
and Portable Engines, Boilers, Grain
Elevators and Steam Hoists, Saw and
Flour Mill Machinery,

with latest improvements, a specialty.

The Abel Edward’s Centennial Turbine
Water Wheel.

Rodebaugh’s Saw Frame, Mill Dogs and
Saw Guides.

Water-works, the latest’ and most
improved, made to Order.

Light and Heavy Brass and Iron Castings

Plans and Specifications on application.

The Walkerville Foundry

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., Dec., 1880. b15

National Pills, su toall other purg atives in
strength and virtue, in phy and mildness of action.

OAK HALL

Nos. 115, 117, 119, 121, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive Clothiers in Canada.
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is full of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.
We give a Good Tweed Suit for.......... $6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 150
We give a Good Overalls for.............. O 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. ly13

HEADQUARTERS FOR

SHANTY STOVES,

| | Shingle Bands, Tinware & Household Furnishings

In Large or Small Quantities, at Wholesale Rates. 61.10

“lOTTON & BRO, Eintlop Nt., BARRIE, ONT.

= OTTON & BRO. |
< LUMBERMEN'S SUPPLIES 6

JOHN DOTY

Esplanade Street, Toronto.

Se OF
MARINE ENGINES,
bi4 MARINE BOILERS,
Propeller Wheels and Steam Yachts

The UNIVERSAL: SUSPENDER,

Soma | REASONS _why they are the best: —

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ae prices of Scie ae FE

Soreatieca bre BH. RAMAGE « OC.
vu 20 Queen St; East, Toronto,

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

AMERICAN SAW COMPANY, TRENTON, N.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Every Variety of Circular, Mill and Gang Saws

” EXCLUSIVE MANUFACTURERS (OF

T Ei) “BR © OR ia a SAW

=

The BROOKE BIT will cut more and better Lumber at Less Cost than any other Tooth. The TRENTON TOOTH is Warranted to stand
in frozen timber. The BROOKE BIT and the TRENTON TOOTH fit in the same socket, enabling the Sawer to use either Tooth.
SEND FOR OUR NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE.

A|GHEN PTs

Waterous Engine Works Company, Brantford, Ontario.

= | ht lll Mite Maia ee NE Ae a. a

PUBLISHED
SEMI-MONTHLY.

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada. i

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SUBSCRIPTION

1 $2.00 PER AN

VOL. 1.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., MAY 16, 1881.

FORESTRY AND ABORICULTURE,

BEING THE FOURTH CHAPTER OF THE REPORT OF
THE ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COMMISSION.

Replanting and Ornamenting Farms.

The method to be pursued by the intending
tree-planter, as well as his outlay, will depend
much both on the particular object he has in
yiew and the money he has to spend.

“T would recommend,’ says Mr. Beadle,
“for forest planting, the hard maple, particu-
larly as a tree which will be very valuable yet
in our country. I am not particularly partial
to the silver-leaved maple, though it is a most
popular tree with most planters because it grows
sorapidly. The hard maple is a more sym-
metrical tree, and the foliage is very clean and
free from insect depredations.”

In Kent, the Commissioners noticed that the
maple had been very extensively planted on the
field sides and concession lines, a circumstance
that was the more remarkable from the fact
that the original wood of the district had largely
consisted of the elm.

Mr. Cochrane, of Kilsyth, County of Grey,
says in his evidence :—

“T think in the matter of tree-planting we
are in advance of the rest of the county. The
planting by the road-side and along lanes is
becoming quite general. The neighbor who
lives adjoining my place has planted out, I dare
say, 1,000 shade trees. The trees planted by
him were chiefly silver maple and rock maple.
The first he planted was ten years ago, and they
were planted fourteen feet apart. They now
meet.”

Mr. Beadle says on this point :—

“For forest planting I would recommend
maple, taking of course into account the variety
of soil. The hard maple does not succeed in all
soils, but where it does succeed I prefer it. It
flourishes in a dry soil. In wet soil I would use
the soft maple. Some little blocks of forest
have been planted with maple trees, with a
view to their sugar-producing qualities, and
some of these have attained a diameter of six or
eight inches and a height of thirty or forty feet.
They have been planted some years. I do not
think they received any cultivation after plant-

ing.”

The cultivation of the black walnut in uni-
yersally recommended. Mr. Leslie says :—

“Tn the nut trees, the black walnut grows
very..zapidl y in its younger stages—almost as
rapidly as the English ash, and, at fifteen years,
the wood could be used for many purposes,
particularly for cabinet-making. I think the
black walnut would haveto be confined chiefly
to the front of the Province. I never saw it
east of Cornwall, but the south-west portion of
the peninsula is its home.”

That the walnut is not a tree requiring an
exceptionally mild climate is proved by the ex-

perience of Mr, Beall, at Lindsay. Mr. Roy
too, at Owen Sound, says :—

“‘There is an idea that black walnut will not
grow as far north as Owen Sound. Ten years
ago I planted black walnut seeds, and at the
present time two or three of the trees bear nuts.
They are not only ornamental, but coming to be
very useful trees. The diameter of two or three
of them now will be as much as six inches. They
were planted in a strong soil.”

If the soil is at all good, Mr. Arnold recom-
mends the planting of the black walnut on
lands that may, for any other reason, be una-
vailable for agricultural purposes.

The butternut, as already noticed, is recom-
mended by Mr. Leslie for planting. Senator
Allan says of it:—‘‘The butternut, if trans-
planted young, succeeds well.”

It is somewhat more hardy than the walnut,
and, as previously mentioned, is often used as a
substitute for that wood.

The hickory is rather a slow grower, but can
be used profitably at so early a stage in its
existence that it is a profitable tree to plant
pretty freely with the view to the sale of thin-
nings as the trees mature and crowd one
another. Mr. Beadle says :—

“*T have not the slightest doubt that planta-
tions of hickory will pay in the near future.”

The ash can be easily transplanted, and, as a
fast growing tree, for the wood of which the de-
mand is certain to increase with time, is one
that should be cultivated. Mr. Beadle says of
it :—

“The ash will always be valuable, particu-
larly the white ash.”

Mr. Leslie recommends the English ash as
preferable to some Canadian varieties. He
says :—

“For tree planting on waste lands, or hill-
sides, with an economical view, I would recom-
mend the English ash as a most useful tree. I
think it would come into the market earlier
than any other tree that could be planted. It
is largely used for handle-making, and about
ten years’ growth on ordinary soil would pro-

‘duce a tree that could be split into four pieces:

each of sufficient size to make ahandle. The
English ash is not the same as our common
black ash; there is as much difference as be-
tween the European larch and our tamarack. It
is a more rapid grower than the black ash, and
the wood is better in every way.”

Of the coniferous trees none is more beautiful,
and none can be planted of a more certain
economical value, than the native white pine.
Mr. Beadle says of this tree :—

“*T believe that plantations of white pine will
eventually pay when our timber regions to the
north become used up or burnt up, The white
pine grows rapidly.”

Mr. Dempsey says of it :—

‘Pine makes rapid second growth in sections
of the country where it flourishes.”

Mr. Beall says of this tree :—

“* We should not forget our native pine, for
there is no more beautiful tree we can have, if
taken from the woods when very young.”

Where, however, it is desired to plant in un-
cultivable ground, few, if any, trees will be

found of greater value than the European larch. |

Mr. Leslie, speaking of this tree, says :—

““T do not approve of our Canadian tamarack
at all. The timber is poor, and if people desire
to go to the expense of planting for timber, I
would recommend them to plant the EKuropean
larch, which is a splendid tree, a rapid grower,
and will grow in any part of this country. It is
not an evergreen, but it throws out a great
number of small branches which are a great pro-
tection. It is a very rapid growing tree, even
more rapid than the Norway spruce, growing
more than four feet on an average every year,
unless the ground is very poor, in which case of
course the growth will be less. In five or six
years the tree will be twenty-five or thirty feet
high.’

After mentioning it as an ornamental tree for
lawn planting, Mr. Leslie says further :—

“The European larch would also be suitable
for this purpose (handle-making.) The latter
makes the best railway ties of any wood in the
world, as it is almost indestructible. It is a
very rapid grower, and in ten or twelve years’
time the wood is of merchantable proportions;
and useful for many purposes. Of course it
would not be fit for railway ties by that time,
but suitable for manufacturing purposes.

“Tt would be decidedly pfofitable to railway
companies, as well as beneficial to the country,
if the waste lands connected with their lines
were planted with European larch. From this
source they could in time obtain an almost inex-
haustible supply of railway ties, much superior
to the kind now in general use.

“‘ Another use to which the European larch
can be put is the production of ‘ ships’ knees,’ as
it can be trained when young to the desired
bend.”

It was the European larch with which succes_
sive Dukes of Athol carried out their extensive
tree-planting operations in Scotland, extending
at last to an area of 10,000 acres, and involving
the planting of no less than 14,000,000 tress.

Mr. Roy, of Owen Sound, says of this tree :—

“‘T have tried the European larch, which is
much more pendulous [than the pines]. I have
had no difficulty in establishing it here. It is a
most beautiful and ornamental tree. I obtained
it from Scotland.”

The larch is not an evergreen, but, when
planted in groves or belts, several trees deep,
offers, from its conformation, a very consider-
able resistance to the winds.

}

For a perfect thelter-belt for orchard or fields,
however, nothing is more strongly recommended
than the Norway spruce. Mr. Leslie says of

lit :—

“We consider the Norway spruce the most
valuable tree there is for planting in shelter-

belts. It is extremely hardy, very rapid in
growth, and easily transplanted.” He adds, ‘‘I
prefer the Norway spruce wholly to deciduous

trees and evergreens mixed, as in the latter case,
the one checks the growth of the other.”

3ut there are many native var'eties of spruce,
which, if not in every respect so desirable, are
near at hand, and can be made to do duty very
efficiently. Mr. Beall says :—

““By spruce I mean the kind that is called
the Canadian or black spruce.
in colour.

It varies much
I bought a thousand plants of Cana-
dian spruce a few years ago. I consider it
superior to the Norway spruce, because it is
equally as pretty in shape and it has a better
color. With the Canadian spruce we get almost
every variety of shade, but the Norway is all
one shade. I suppose the different shades are
all of the one variety, but they differ during
their life. They can be cultivated successfully
in rows, with the branches interlocking in the
way described by Mr. Beadle. I have a fine
close-cut spruce hedge about five feet high,
pyramidal in shape, and five feet across at the
base. It can be pruned beautifully, and we
have now every shade and color, from the palest
yellow to the deepest green. It does not grow
so fast in the open ground as the Norway
spruce, though I have trees, planted twelve
years ago, off of which I cut the tops five years
ago, and they are now eighteen or twenty feet
high. I do not know how the Canadian spruce
compares with the Norway spruce in merchant
able value. It will grow almost anywhere. I
would plant it along with cedar or pine on hill-
sides or rocky places.”

Of the Canadian white and black spruce, Mr.
Leslie says :—

‘“We have found the white spruce, a native
of this country, a most excellent tree for shelter
belts, but it is not so rapid a grower as the Nor-
way, and for that reason the latter is superior.
We have a black spruce, but it is not a good
variety, as it is apt to become poor at the
bottom; that is, in the early stages of the
growth of the tree the lower limbs decay and
are lost, while the white spruce and the Nor-
way hold their foliage to the ground. When I
speak of shelter, I mean shelter for farm build-
ings, orchards, etc.”

SS

A Mistake.

It is a great and often fatal mistake to take repeated
drastic purgatives for constipation of the bowels, they
induce piles and cause debility of the bowels. Burdock
Blood Bitters is a safe and perfect regulator of the
bowels, arousing the torpid Liver and all the secretions
to a healthy action ; acting on the Kidneys, and reno-
vating and toning the system in a most perfect man-
ner,

2

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THE CANADA

LUMBERMEN’S BOARD OF TRADE.

We find in the Stillwater, Minn., Lwmberman
the following report, which we republish as
showing the style in which the lumbermen
work on the other side of the boundary and the
extent to which they co-operate for their joint
benefit :—

At the adjourned annual meeting yesterday,
the treasurer’s report was read, as follows :—
Balance on hand, $356.19 ; received on assess-
ments, $1,477.21; received of Walker, Judd &
Veazie on account of scaling by river police,
$76.54 ; received from agent of the board, $18,-
673.12. Disbursements: Paid orders of agent,
$18,222.53 ; river improvements, $937.84 ; river
police, $574.35; treasurer’s salary, $225; mis-
cellaneous expenses, $298.85. Balance in trea-
sury, $325.49.

The Boom Company was requested to adver-
tise for bids on all prize logs passing the boom
this season.

John O’Brien was made a committee to re-
port condition of booms above lower boom.

Officers were elected as follows:—W. G.
Bronson, president; Samuel Matthews, vice-
president; John §S. Proctor, secretary and
agent ; Ei. L. Hospes, treasurer. Directors—H.
S. Brown, Samuel Judd, Smith Ellison, Albert
Tozer, James Mulvey and David Bronson,

The directors elected Charles Murray to have
charge of the river police, and authorized the
employment of such assistance as may prove
necessary.

TREES IN CITIES.

An interesting paper has heen recently read
by Dr. Phene at Edinburgh on the benefits to
be derived from planting trees in cities. Among
the benefical results to be obtained are, he
stated, the relief to the optic nerve through the
eye resting on objects of a green color, Just
that which is effected by the use of green or
blue glasses in strengthening and sustaining the
power of sight, is attained, or at any rate, much
aided, by the presence of green in nature ; and in
streets the only method to procure this result is
by planting trees. It was pointed out by the
author that whenever opportunity exists nature
provides green and blue (the latter being the
same color minus the presence of the yellow),
and that as the absence of color produces snow
blindness, and in tropical calms, where the
ocean presents only a white reflected light from
a uniform glassy surface, reduced optical power
soon follows a long continuance of the
absence of blue color, which becomes im-
mediately apparent on motion of the waves. So
in the streets, to the occupants of houses having
a northern aspect, the glare of the reflected
light is injurious ; but the effect would be much
modified by the coolness to the eye produced by
the green trees. In ancient surgery, persons
having weak or declining sight were advised to
look at the emerald. In the old style of build-
ing, the streetse being narrow, were both cooler
from the sun not being able to penetrate them
with direct rays, and less subject to noxious ex-
halations from the scouring and purifying effect
of the searching air to which the narrow streets
were subject, so that while there was no space
for trees, there was also less necessity. Wide
treets, on the contrary, are hotter, and require
the shade of trees to cool them; and, as the
case in London, which has so far done without
trees in its streets, it was pointed out that not
are modern streets compulsory wide, but that
the enormous increase in metropolitan buildings
render every sanitary question one of impor-
tance ; and the chemical properties of trees as
shown by experiment give an important stand-
ing, irrespective of ornament or the pleasure
they produce, Some of Dr. Phene’s experiments
on this subject have existed over a period of 30
years, fand he it was first tried the planting
of trees in the streets of London. Since the
reading of a former paper by him at Manchester,
where the importance of the subject was pointed
out, 2 number of streets in wealthy localities
have been planted, and even Trafalgar Square,
n the heart of the metropolis.

Do not let prejudice stand in the way of relief if you
suffer from any lingering disease. Burdock Blood
Bitters cure others, why should it not benefit you? If
it is a specific for all forms of Blood, Liver, and Kidney
complaints. Nervous Headaches, General Debility,
Scrofula and all diseases of the Secretory system.

ial Bottles 10 Cents. 4

PAPER PULP FROM WOOD.

The following is a description of the process
of making wood pulp: The wood, four feet in
length, and of any thickness, is brought in at
the basement of the manufactory, placed in the
barking jack (one stick at atime), where two
men with draw knives rapidly peel off the bark.
It is then conveyed by an elevator to the first
floor, sawed in two foot lengths with crosscut
saws, and passed on to the rip-saw, where it is
slabbed (that is, a small portion of wood on op-
posite sides taken off), to permit it resting firmly
in the grinding engine. It is then passed to the
boring machine (an upright 14 inch auger, with
foot attachment, driven by power), where the
knots are bored out. The wood is then placed
in racks of the same size as the receptacle in the
erinding engine, and carried out to be ground.
The grinding engines are upright, and receive at
a filling one-twentieth of a cord of wood. The
wood is placed in a receptacle, and by a simple
variable, automatic feed process, is pressed
flatwise between two outward revolving rolls,
composed of solid emery, which are flooded with
a spray of water, carrying off the fibrilized pulp
in a stream through revolving screens to the
tank or stuff-chest in the basement. It is then
pumped into a vat which forms part of the wet
machine. In this vat is constantly revolving a
large cylinder faced with fine brass wire-cloth,
which picks up the particles of pulp out of the
water and places them on the felt (an endless
piece of woolen goods which makes between
rolls, for different purposes, a continual circuit
of the wet machine). On the cylinder is turned
a heavy roll, called the ‘‘couch ;” between the
two, where they meet, the cylinder leaves the
pulp, with most of the water pressed from it.
The pulp now makes its appearance on the
felt above the concha roll in a_ beautiful
sheet, 38 inches in width, and is carried along
in a steady flow a distance of about 8 feet, where
it passes between (the water here being pressed
from it) but not beyond two heavy rollers, the
upper one iron, the lower one wood ; it adheres
to the upper roll, which is constantly turning,
wrapping it up, and when a sufficient thickness
is attained, is cut off by a knife being pressed to
the.roll, which is attached to the machine for
that purpose. It now leaves the roll in a thick
white sheet, 36x38 inches, where it is received
by a boy in attendance on a table conveniently
attached to the machine, and folded into a sheet
16x26 inches. It is then placed on scales until
the weight is 100 pounds, when it is placed in a
press and firmly tied into square, compact
bundles. It is now ready for shipment to the
paper mill,

Preservation of Lumber.

A correspondent writes as follows to the
Mill :—‘“‘ The question of the preservation of
lumber from decay attracts considerable atten-
tion just now. It would be well, I think, for
the Committee on Works to adopt the plan
which has been well tried and is the least costly.
The combination of lime with the other in-
gredients it is mixed with appears to be a ready
method, and should take precedence of any
other. The appearance of the streets at the
present time suggests some other and more dur-
able plan, especially the sidewalks and crossings,
and it would be well to consider the most
economical plan. The application of coal tar
does not answer, as it necessitates the use of
well-seasoned lumber, and is far more costly,
inasmuch as inward decay sets in by the tar
filling up the interstices of the wood, and forms
a crust outside, preventing free ventilation. The
lime admixture leaves the fibre clear, takes out
the sap or fungi, and secures the material from
all rot, either from sandy or clay soil.

A Wonderful Improvement.

Tur CANADA LuMBERMAN.—This paper, for-
merly published in Toronto, has been purchased
by Messrs. Toker & Co., of the Peterborough
Revikrw, and will in future be published in the
latter town. The first number under the new
management is before us and shows a wonderful
improvement in the paper. THr CaNnapa Lum-
BERMAN will be purely a non-political trade
organ and will contain such valuable informa-
tion as should render it indispensable to all
interested in lumbering operations,—Cobowrg
Sentinel-Star,

LUMBERMAN.

CORRESPONDENTS.

All correspondence is of value to a paper, but
it is often of more value to the man who writes
it, or the town whence it is sent. 'When we are
informed by a subscriber, as we often are, that
he would not do without the Lumberman even if
he had to pay $50 a year for it, we feel that the
benefit of this great mass of imparted informa-
tion is not so great to us as to others. There is
plenty of matter relating to the lumber business
with which to fill a larger paper than this one,
but we want facts from practical men. Such
matter is what makes any paper valuable. The
effusions of a theorist are not worth the snap of
a finger to anybody. A man who recently en-
gaged in manufacturing said to us, ‘‘I read
‘Grimshaw on Saws’ from beginning to end,
but a hard-handed, rough-looking old sawyer
over in Michigan told me more about saws in
twenty-five minutes than I could ever learn
from the book,”

We are frequently told by men that they do
not feel competent to write for publication, but
if they knew the true inwardness of every ex-
perienced newspaper man they would not make
such an excuse. A newspaper wants news, and
it welcomes it from any source. It is easier to
find ten smooth writers than one good news-
gatherer. Every man living in a lumber region
knows something of the country, the amount of
business done, prices, and the outlook. Infor-
mation regarding any of these points, although
expressed in words wrongly spelled and sent-
ences wrongly constructed, is of worth. It is
nothing to put matter in shape for publication
—Northwestern Lumberman.

Lubrication of Bearings,

When a shaft bearing is at rest in its box, the
oil is pressed out from under it ; either out of
the box altogether, or upward to the space above
the shaft, between shaft and box. No doubt
the metal of the shaft then settles down to
actual contact with the metal of box. In start-
ing a lot of machinery into motion, the metal of
the shaft must actually drag, for a short dis-
tance, in contact with the metal of the box,
making the machinery hard to start. But as
the bearings make part of a turn in their boxes,
the oil adhering to the surface of shaft bearings
is dragged in between the box and shaft under-
neath, thus floating the bearing upon a sea of
oil. This sea is, however, not very broad or
deep; but there can be no doubt of flotation.
As flotation takes place, the bearings rotate
much more easily than when the metal drags in
contact. This explains why starting friction is
greater than friction of motion in machinery.
When heavy pressures are brought to bear at
the boxes, the oil is hindered from entering
freely between the surfaces ; and if, at the same
time, the two surfaces are not nearly parallel,
there may possibly, or even probably, be metal
contact at the prominences. The high resist-
ance thus caused will produce heat at the rub-
bing parts; which, by continuous motion, is
sure to become excessive, resulting in destrue
tion of lubricant, abrasion of metal surfaces,
waste of power, ete.

Useful Hints,

The firm of Messrs. Oliver & Co., give some
excellent practical advice to farmers. They
say :—

“The kinds of hardwood lumber most in de-
mand, either in the Dominion or for export, are
walnut, cherry, butternut, chestnut, white ash,
white oak, whitewood and basswood, all of
which are now in good demand, as manufac
turers are increasing their works and new ones
are springing up in every part of the country.
In the course of a few years these woods will
become very scarce, and some of them will be-
come entirely absorbed. This will cause the
more common kinds, such as maple, birch, soft
elm and black ash, to take their places.

“Our farmers, who own timber lands, cannot
be too careful of them, and should use
them with a sparing hand, for in the course of a
few years their value will be largely increased.

‘Our export trade is confined to the States
and Great Britain, the former taking our sawn
lumber and the latter being supplied in the
shape of square timber.”—Ontario Agricultural
Commission Report,

THE OTTAWA VALLEY, ~ ei
The Citizen of May 5th says :—Actording
present appearances there is every icat:
that the water in the Ottawa River will be
unusually low this spring, much below the aver-
age height of ordinary years. In addition to
the fact that the depth of the snow in the lum-
bering regions was much below the average
during the past winter, the early thaws have
melted away nearly all that was on the ground,
and the water thereby formed has nearly all ran
off. In thick swamps, however, there still re-
mains some snow and ice, although much less
than usual. Consequently, unless we have
heavy rains during the next two months, indica-
tions support the conclusion that the water in
the Ottawa and its tributaries will be much
below its ordinary height on the 15th of May,
when the highest water generally appears. Low
water will be a serious obstacle to getting out
the large quantity of fine logs made during the
past winter, which would be a great disadvant-
age to the trade, now that sawn lumber sells at
such good prices. However, if humbermen can
manage to get their timber out of the small
creeks into the main channel before the water
begins to fall, they may succeed in bringing it
to its destination.

New Rust Preventive.

A new method of protecting the surface of
iron from rust has bees brought forward by Mr.
Ward, of London. The new ‘“imoxidizing’
process, as it is termed, consists in combining a
silicate with the metal by the aid of heat. Cast
or wrought iron objects are first coated, by
painting or dipping, with a silicate glaze, which
quickly dries, and the articles are then passed
through a furnace, or rather oven. In this way
the silicate composition is said to be fused and
absorbed into the metal, which upon cooling is
found to have assumed a dull black appearance.
The coating is said to be so far homogeneous -
with the metal as to protect it from any change
from long exposure to the atmosphere ; and at
the same time the silicate is not liable to disin-
tegrate or separate from the iron. The articles
treated in this manner may be ornamented by —
combining the silicate wash with any vitrifiable —
colors. Thus smooth polished colored surfaces
may be produced upon iron, which, while pos-
sessing features distinct from ordinary enamel-
ing, yet present superior and more durable
results than those obtainable by ordinary paint-
ing and varnishing.

Changes in the Diameter of Trunks of Trees.

According to the Gardener's Chronicle, MM.
Kraus and Kaiser have been making some re- ©
searches, from which it appears that the trunks
of trees undergo daily changes in diameter.
From early morning to early afternoon there is
a regular diminution till the minimum is reach-
ed, when the process is reversed and the maxi-
mum diameter attained at the time of twilight;
then again comes a diminution, to be succeeded
by an increase about dawn—an increase more
marked than that in the evening. The varia-
tions in diameter coincide, therefore, with those
of the tension, but they are shown to be inverse
to the temperature, the maximum of the one
corresponding roughly to the minimum of the
other, and so on.

Mountain Mahogany.

This wood is indigenous to Nevada, The
trees do not grow large; one with a trunk a
foot in diameter is much above the average.
When dry the wood is about as hard as box-
wood, and of a very fine grain. It is of a rich
redcolor and very heavy. When well seasoned
it would be a fine material for the wood carver.
In the early days it was used in making boxes
for shafting, and in a few instances for shoes
and dies in a quartz battery. Used asa fuel it
creates intense heat, it burns with a blaze as
long as ordinary wood would last, and is then
found (almost unchanged in form) converted to
a charcoal that lasts about twice as long as that —
of ordinary wood.

If you suffer from any chronic disease arising from
Impure Blood, Sluggish Liver, disordered Kidneys or
inactivity of the Bowels; if your Nervous System is
deliberated from whatever cause arising, do not des- —
pe but procure a trial bottle of Burdock Blood

itters ; it will only cost 10 cents, Lange Bottles $1,00,
For sale by all medicine dealers,

ARBOR DAY.

Nebraska has established a custom which
every one of the Western States, and many
which are not included in that category, would
do well to follow. For a number of years it has
annually set apart a special day, called Arbor
day, which the inhabitants devote to planting
trees. The custom has been from its first in-
auguration very generally observed, and the re-
sult is that the bleak, naked surface of this
Prairie State has become diversified with myriad
‘groves, which relieve the monotony of the land-
scape and refresh the eye with the beauties of
woodland growth, while they form a barrier
against the winds and are developing into valu-
able preserves of timber. At the same time,
in the cities and towns, and about residences in
in the country, ornamental trees of fine stature
are affording the comforts of shade and the
zsthetic pleasures of graceful form and hand-
some foliage. In fact Nebraska is being rapid-
ly transformed from a treeless to a wooded
country through the maintenance of its annual

Arbor day.

Two Thousand Dollars.

The easiest, cheapest and best way to secure
the above amount is to apply for membership
in the Mutual Benefit Association of Rochester,
N.Y. Pay Dr. 8S. B. Pollard, 56 Bay Street,
one dollar for four medical examinations, he
will send your application to the head office, if
you are accepted as a member they will issue a
certificate of membership, which, on payment
of eight dollars, entitles you to full benefits as a
member, should you die to-morrow, next day,

week, next month, or any time within

months, this Association will pay to your
heirs, or assigns, the sum of ‘two thousand
dollars. At the expiration of the three months
all you have to do is to pay your pro rata
amount, which is from 20 to 75 cents on the
death of some other member, who has done
nothing worse than to die during the three
months just past. By paying your assessments
on deaths, you keep your certificate alive, and
at the commencement of the second year you
are assessed two dollars per thousand to keep up
office expenses, etc., for the next year. No
easier, surer or better schemes to carry two
thousand dollars has ever been devised than the
Mutual Benefit Associates, of Rochester, N.Y.

5-1-13

Shonld be in the Hands of all Interested.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.—This is the title
of a16-page semi-monthly newspaper, devoted
to the Lumber and Timber Industries of Canada,
the tenth number of which has just reached us.
THE CanapA LUMBERMAN was first published in
Toronto, by Mr. Alex. Begg, but has now come
into the possession of Messrs, Toker & Co., pub-
lishers of the Peterborough Review, and like
everything else sent out from that office, pre-
sents a very neat and tasty appearance. It is
intended to be a purely trade organ, and
entirely non-political. Special attention will be
given to market reports, and the most trust}
worthy information possible will be obtained
from each locality of the production of lumber
and timber, and of the stock on hand. The
mumber before us contains a large amount of
useful information, and should be in the hands
of every one interested in the lumber trade,
Published by Messrs. Toker & Co., Peterboro’,
at $2.00 per annum,—Zrenton Trent Valley
Advocate.

A CORRESPONDENT writing from Beef Slough,
the great sorting ground of the Chippewa river
of Wconsin, on the 26th of April, says the
logs handled to date had been 3,500,000 feet,
consisting of “ pick-ups” or logs that had been
hauled in off the bottoms. Last year the
amount hauled was 200,000,000 feet, and it is
not expected that more than that amount will
be handled this season, though more logs have
been put in on the stream. At the date of writ-
ing logs were coming into the boom at the rate
of 2,000,000 feet a day, with a slow current.
There is a lack of storage room at the works,
but it is believed this will be obviated in a great
measure by the large addition to the fleet of tow

_ boats, #0 that logs can go out about as fast as
they are rafted. There are about 400 men em-
ployed on the boom,

‘2

a . ; = ,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.
————————————————— .]}>?"h H31aee.—uae”—».—>——_—_———~~>ewumumoaaaxqqumaa>1

THE MISSISSIPPI.

Regarding the situation on the Mississippi
river the Minneapolis Zuwmberman says :—The
floods in the river during the last week have
amounted to an embargo on commerce of every
description in the west, especially in lumber. It
is hard to tell just where so much lumber has
gone to as the reported shipments of last week
indicate sold. From the upper Missouri through
to Chicago and down to Cairo the railroads have
been damaged and suspended, while all report-
ing points show an advance upon last years’
business. But for the week handling lumber on
the Mississippi is almost impossible and only
such lumber as is regarded unsafe is being
moved and none sold. Great damage has been
done already to lumber yards along the river as
well as mills, booms, etc., by the floods. These
things are adding to the cost of lumber this year
and also reducing slightly the amount to be cut,
both of which strengthen the market. From
reports it is thought that nearly all the lumber
held on the Missouri river will be lost and
several million on the Mississippi, beside the
large quantity of logs which have and being
carried away.

Adventure in the Cave of Cacahuamilpa.

A serious but fortunately not fatal termina-
tion came to a recent excursion from the City of
Mexico to the Cave of Cacahuamilpa, in honour
of some American visitors. About fifty persons

left Mexico, but the party received so many

accessions by the way that when the cave was

reached there were as many as 500 persons in
the company, including the military guard.

It appears that Senor Carlos Quaglia, Gover-

nor of Morelos, had ordered a banquet to be
prepared in that portion of the grotto which
bears the name of ‘‘ The Organ Salson,” on
account of the stalactites which have there as-
sumed the form of an organ.
illuminated by electric lights, yet there were
also many torches of resinous wood burning.
The elite, who numbered perhaps ninety per-
sons (there were also a great many servants),
occupied the Organ Salon.
were placed several shelter tents for the ladies
and children to sleep in.
sleepers, and along one side of the banqueting
hall many gentlemen were lying on mattresses,

The place was

In close proximity

These were filled with

mats, or blankets. A few of the more animated

guests lingered over the table until two o’clock

in the morning, and were chatting, when Goy-
ernor Quaglia fainted. All efforts to restore
him to consciousness seemed futile. While he
remained in this condition some ladies com-
plained of illness, others were asphyxiated, and
a gentleman suggested that all this might be
due to mephitice axhalations. Mothers at once
hastened to their children, and, finding some in
a stupor, comprehended the danger. A panic
ensued. General Diaz ordered an instant re-
treat from the grotto. General Ord and others
instructed the soldiers to carry out the ladies
and children, Ex-Governor Romero Vargas
aided Senor Marical, Minister of Foreign Rela-
tions, to scramble over the rocks. In fact, all
who had strength assisted those who were
asphyxiated, and every person was removed to
a purer atmosphere. Some persevered until
they reached the entrance of the cave (three
miles distant) and threw themselves down on
the bare ground, almost exhausted with fatigue,
but safe.

Wild Cherry Wood,

Wild cherry is a wood for which a large de-
mand has sprung up in the United States. In
supplying the place of walnut, cherry is very
valuable, and care should be taken of the grow-
ing trees. It is used extensively in making
ebonized furniture. It has a very close grain,
takes the best stain, and is capable of high
polish. Cherry is also used in the internal fit-
tings of cars and buildings. It is common in
Michigan and other States, and is probably as
enduring as walnut.—Lumber World.

CuHEBOYGAN Democrat : The Pine river bridge
at St. Martin’s bay was carried away by the
flood and 600,000 feet of logs came down into
the lake. The logs were the property of the
Mackinac Lumber Company, and their tug, the
Saugatuck, is now engaged in picking them up,
and all will probably be saved,

SALE OF TIMBER LIMITS.

An extensive sale of timber limits took place
at the Russell House on Thursday afternoon,
May 5th. They were what is known as the
Cook & Waddell limits on the Kippewa. Mr.
I. B. Tackaberry was the auctioneer. There
was a good attendance of lumbermen, and bid
ding was quite active. The following were the
sales effected :—

No. 1 limit—68 square miles, to Mr. S. S.
Cook, for $88,400, being $1,300 per square
mile.

No, 2 limit—50 square miles, $40,000, knocked
down to Mr. J. T. Lambert for Gilmour & Co.,
being at the rate of $800 per mile.

No. 3 limit—50 square miles, $650 per mile,
$32,500 ; Mr. Lambert for Gilmour & Co,

No. 4 limit—38 square miles, bought by E. BP.
Eddy at $170 a mile, $6,460.

The total receipts of the sale, therefore,
amounted to $167,360 for the 206 square miles
of limits. This is one of the largest sales in
amount ever effected in Ottawa, at public
auction.—Oltawa Free Press.

Brother Gardner on Labor and Capital.

The Lime-Kiln Club is a facetious creation of

the Detroit Free Press, and the reports of the
imaginary meetings of the club, under the
imaginary presidency of Brother Gardner,
furnish the readers of the Press with perennial
supplies of wit. The following is a specimen :

The Secretary read the following :—

“Cuicaco, March 30, ’81.—Bro. Gardner—
Please inform your friends whether you sym-
pathize with capital or labor, and oblige a

““ WORKINGMAN,””

“*Tn the fust place, dar’ am no eall for me to
sympathize with either,” replied the old man in
answer. ‘‘One am jist as necessary to the
odder as two wheels to a wagun. Capital cl’ars
away a spot an’ builds a factory an’ gins fifty or
a hundred men a chance to airn a fa’r support
fur demselves an’ families. Dat factory wouldn’t
be dar’ ’cept fur capital, an its wheels can’t
moye without labor. If dis’ workin’ man
wanted to draw me out on the question of strikes
I has on a word to say. I believe dat the
average employer pays his help a f’ar price an’
all he kin afford to. I b’lieve he knows_his
business, an’ am mo’ competent to run it dan de
men who labor fur him. If I can’t work fur a
man fur de price he offers I stan’ aside. If I
hire a man I pay him de goin’ price, an’ I doan’
let him tell me dat I mus’ do thus an’ so. Men
strike bekase dey can’t dictate, but the same
men wouldn’t be willin’ that deir employers
should dictate to dem how much rent to pay,
what close to buy, and how to spen’ deir wages.
As I soid befo’ dar am no call fur smypathy in
de case. De mo’ strikes we have de less money
will be put into manufactures. When acapital-
ist kin loan his money at good interest he am
foolish to put it into a factory whar’ demago
gues kin haris an’ ruinhim. Jist you remember
what I’m talkin’. De mo’ unions de less fac-
tories. De mo’ strikes de less work. Do you
fink I’m foolish ’nuff to take my $800 out’n de

bank, whar’ principal an’ interest am safe as a
?

rock, an’ put it into a coopershop, whar’ three
workmen could sink de hull of it in one strike
bekase I couldn’t pay mo’ fur making de barl’s
dan the same would sell fur? Shoo! Fings
am comin’ to a putty pass when de man wid a
shovel on his shoulder kin boss de man whose
factory turned out that identical toole !”

A Compendium of News.

Tur CANADA LUMBERMAN.—We have received
No. 10, of THz CanaDA LUMBERMAN, formerly
published by a firm in Toronto, but now edited
and published by Toker & Co., of the Peter-
borough Rrview. Whatever this publication
may have been previous to its transfer, the
number before us is certainly a credit to its
present publishers, in typographical appearance,
in the description, quantity and quality of its
reading matter, and get-up generally, and fur-
nishes a compendium of lumbering and com
mercial news of the utmost importance to
lumbermen and commercial men generally. We
congratulate the publishers upon their enter-
prise, and sincerely hope that the LumBERMAN
may prove prosperous and profitable in their

hands,—Worwood Register.

steamboats.

Wanted.

A BECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER: also a LATH
MACHINE, both in good repair. Kar tating lowest
cash terms or particulars to Vox 1002, Peterborough.Llo

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFPFELL
CIRCULAR RIG l
foot head Apply to &

Reid & Co.,

WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALEI Lumber
shingles, &c. Car lots to suit cust
in the market at from #6 to #7 per M

OFFICK O% Docs Espla of helbourne
Street, Toronto bls

Hardwood Timber Land
FOR SALE.

200 ACRES HARD
LAND near Nipissing i
OSHAWA CABINET

Situation Wanted.

A Book-keeper of first-class « xperience
ation with a lumber firm. Ay opportur
knowledge of the lumber trade more of an «
the amount of salary. Unexceptional
as to character and ability.
b15 Apply to the Editor of Tur Canapa Lume

he Stewart House,

Headquarters of Lumbermen in Peterbor
of Hunter and Water Streets. Good accor
Terms, $1 per day. Free "bus at trains.
bi5 T. CAVANAGH, Proprietor.

Allandale Junction Hotel

Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 minutes
by all trains, for refreshments. Solid me Tea and
coffee at counter. Fine brands of Liquors and choice
Cigars. bi7 E. 8. MEEKING, Proprietor.

WHEEL and CoO)
10088 Order, suit
1002, Peterborougt

FOR SALE, 1 WOOD TIMBER
Railway, Cobo } Easy terme

CO., Oshawa bi

ugh, corner
iumodation.

1
Als.

Orillia House,

ORILLIA.
New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north o
Toronto; splendid sample rooms; centrally located -
free "bus. —_b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
k table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
1 , well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE, Proprietor.

St. Louis Hotel. ”

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres.,

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size. style and
locality in Quebec, is open throughout the year for

Quebec.

pleasure and business travel. bis
>
Queen’s Hotel,
BRACEBRIDGE,
JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late

of Georgetewn,) having lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and huntine par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free “bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market,

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.

&z Every accommodation for Commercial and

LUMBERMEN,
L14 W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

Fraser’s Hotel;
GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so”
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find “Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are well furnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free "bus to and from trains and
b26

4

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

PILING LUMBER AT THE MILLS.

Tt is now some four or five years since the

Lumberman first ealled the attention of the mill
men cutting lumber for this market to the

advantage of piling and drying their lumber at

the point of production, over the plan then
almost exclusively in vogue of shipping it to this
city green and seasoning it in the yards. In
that time, the methods of making and handling
lumber have undergone marked changes; the
facilities for sawing have improved, and the
average annual output of the mills in what is
known as the Chicago district has very largely
increased. The process of lumber making is in
hardly any respect exactly what it was in 1877,
and, similarly, we find that in handling the mill
product, improvements have been introduced
that have materially lessened. the expense and
added to the profits of manufacturers. A good
many mill men have followed the advice of this
paper, and have made a practical test of the
plan of piling at the mills, and shipping the
lumber to Chicago dry. The fact that none of
them have found the scheme impracticable or
have abandoned it after a fair trial, is pretty
reliable evidence that it had in it, in the first
place, nothing that was wild or visionary. Some
figures printed in connection with our Annual
Review of the production in this district last
year give a pretty good notion of the increase in
mill piling in the last four years. Comparisons
of the amount carried over at the close of 1880
and 1877, with the amount sawed by the mills
in those years, prove that while the increase in
the cut for last year over the earlier one was
less than 60 per cent., the gain in the quantity
wintered over was fully 115 per cent., or nearly
double. These figures demonstrate conclusively
that the operators who have tried the plan of
piling at the mills have found it profitable, and
have continued to follow it.

The Lumberman’s attention has been directed
to this matter by the fact that several of the
largest manufacturers who own yards in Chicago
have lately been maturing plans to pile a con-
siderable part of their cut at the mills, instead
of occupying so much yard room here. The
advance in dock rents is so great that it is be-
coming an important matter for the lumbermen
to take up as little space in this city as they
can, and, as a means of escaping a portion of
this tax on their stock, a number of them are
preparing to pile and dry at the mills. We are
informed that several of the Menominee river
operators are already making preparations to
pile a large part of this season’s product on the
mill docks, with the intention of holding a good
deal of it over for shipment early in the spring,
when dry lumber is wanted and is generally
searce, They expect in this way to escape the
necessity of enlarging their facilities here,
which, with dock rents at $9.50 per foot, is an
important consideration. The example of these
operators is likely to be followed by others who
haye the accommodations at their mills for
piling, and probably the close of the present
season will find on the mill docks the largest
stock that has ever been carried over,

It would seem that the advantages of cross-
piling at the place of sawing hardly needs con-
sideration at this time. They are pretty gener-
ally understood and admitted by saw mill men.
For manufacturers who do not own yards at
this point, the plan seems especially desirable.
By adopting it they will escape many of the
annoyances and losses that arise from the ship-
ment of the lumber just as it comes from the
saw, and its sale on commission here, by reason
of which allowances have often to be made to
the buyer which might have been avoided if the
manufacturer could have sold his lumber in pile
where the purchaser could see exactly what he
was buying. A man can always sell his own
lumber, moreover, to better advantage than
some one else can sell it for him, which is an-
other good reason why producers should, as far
as possible, endeavor to hold their lumber at the
mills and dispose of it themselves.

It is true, unquestionably, that the new plan,
if it may so be called now, requires a larger and
longer investment of money than the old one of
turning the lumber into cash as soon after it
leaves the saw as possible. In order to pile his
cut, a mill man must be content to expend
something in the way of interest, insurance,

and, possibly, taxes ; but the returns are suffici-
ent to make this a paying investment. There
is a nominal difference of fully $1 in the value
of green and dry stock, and, actually, the differ-
ence is much more, for the fact that lumber is
dry implies that it can be handled and freighted
at a much less cost than if it were full of sap and
water. There is something saved at nearly
every point in its progress from the mill to the
buyer’s yard, and all this economy contributes
to the profit of the man who dries it. Besides,
if there were any doubt remaining as to the
profit to be derived from seasoning lumber, it
could not stand against the fact that lumber is
bought and seasoned in Chicago where rents are
high, taxes excessive, and labor much more
costly in proportion than it is at producing
points, and the process made to pay those who
undertake it fairly, if not handsomely.

There is one other fact that should not be lost
sight of in this connection ; namely, that the
manufacturer who piles his lumber occupies a
comparatively independent position toward
those who buy. He does not stand in mortal
fear of a break in prices, or run the chance of
sending a heavy consignment to the cargo
market at the wrong time, and having to stand
the consequent loss, because of the impossi-
bility of doing anything with his lumber but
selling it after he gets it there. If the market
happens to weaken temporarily he need not
suffer by it, unless he chooses to do so, He has
his stock where it will keep, and he is prepared
with the facilities for holding it; so that if
prices are down to-day and there is reason to
think they will improve shortly he can withhold
his stock from sale long enough to cover the
interval of weakness.

We shall be much disappointed if, as we said
once before, there is not a considerable increase
in the amount of piling at the mills this season,
over what has been done in this way heretofore.
Our reasons for so thinking are, first, that the
plan is athoroughly practicable and profitable
one in itself, and one that is looked upon with
favor by the shrewdest of our mill men, and,
secondly, that the mill owners and operators are
generally in better shape to take advantage of it
than they ever were before. There is no doubt
about the fact that they made money last year,
and that they enter upon the present season
with greater financial resources than they have
ever had. They are therefore prepared, with
few exceptions, to conduct their business just as
they want to, and with a view to getting out of
it all that it holds for them, and it is not to be
assumed that they will overlook so important a
source of profit as this. We do not hope to see
all manufacturers cross-pile their lumber ; we
know very well that many of them cannot do it,
because of inadequate dock facilities, or because
of other obstacles in the way; but we are
equally well aware of the faet that there are
many others who do not labor under such dis-
advantages, and of such we look for a consider-
able proportion to try the plan of piling and
drying their lumber at the mill.—Wothwestern
Lumberman.

Spruce Deals,

There is no doubt but spruce deals are on the
decline in the London market. The cargo of
the St. Julien, from St. John, N.B. (which
usually stands next in favor to Quebec), was
sold a few weeks since at a decided fall in value.
A cargo from the same port sold last year—
about the latter part of March—fetched at the
Baltic rooms on an average about £7 10s., now
the highest price for the best lengths and sizes
unsorted was £6 15s., and the average was in
fact not more than £6 7s. 6d. all through. A
couple of lots, about 3,000 pieces, 3x11 in., were
knocked down at £6 5s., good lengths, varying
from 18 to 25 feet. The freight charges would
not be much short of £4 per standard, and if we
deduct this and other expenses attached to
these goods, we shall find very little left to go
towards the first cost at St. John. Last fall
spruce was in great request at the shipping
ports, and for the best sorts at one time as
much as £8 was paid. Shippers this season will
think twice before consigning there again,

Yellow Oil is par excellence the remedy for Pain,
Lameness, Rheumatism, Croup, Deafness, Burns, Frost
Bites, Stiff Joints, and all flesh wounds. Any medicine
dealer can furhish it.

TREE CULTURE.

Important as is tree culture with us, the sub-
ject is an insignificant one in the older Provinces
compared with the position it assumes in the
daily life in the North-West. Our prairies are
not so bare of trees as are those farther south,
and therefore the question has not the life-and-
death importance it has in parts of Minnesota
and Dakota. Yet if our pioneers are wise they
will, after their first needs are satisfied, plant
the seeds of trees in shelter belts over a space
equal to several acres. The railroad company
may properly be called upon to introduce to our
territory the liberal policy in vogue in the
North-Western States. A good rebate should
be given on the price of all land that is put
under trees, and young trees should be carried
free of charge. To give an idea of the indis-
pensableness of trees, we quote a few sentences
from a letter by Mr. S. M. Emery, who, the
St. Paul Tribune says, knows as much of the
subject of North-Western tree culture as any
man living. Mr. Emery says :—

‘One-third of the money expended by the
railroads in this State during the past ninety
days in shovelling snow, saying nothing of loss
of life, destruction of property, and the general
loss in the shrinkage of revenue in freights,
would plant sufficient wind-breaks on every rod
of prairie storm-infested railroad in the State.
Suppose the six lines of railroad crossing the
State from east to west were protected by vigor-
ous, strong-growing shelter-belts of cottonwood,
white willow, or larch, and that these were sup-
plemented by planting shelter-belts along all
highways, and that the hundreds of timber-
claims were covered with a vigorous growth of
young timber, as required by law, could we fail
in controlling the effects of these terrible
blizzards? The intensity of the winds would
certainly be modified, and a corresponding de-
gree of comfort and safety be the result. This
is not a matter of idle speculation, but it is sus-
ceptible of tangible, ample proof. In many
places the shelter-belts along the line of the
Manitoba Railroad are packed full to the top-
most twigs, rendering great assistance in pro-
tecting the road-bed from the immense drifts, in
spite of the fact that these belts have not had
anything like reasonable care for several years.”

Mr. Emery suggests that railroads which are
subject to snow blockades should put a rod of
land on each side of their line in trees.—Globe.

Which Way to Run the Splice of a Belt,

A new England journal is allowing the dis-
cussion of whether there is a wrong way to run
a belt with regard to ‘‘splices.” The general
answer to this question is: Put the belt on so
that the pully in slipping on the face of the belt
shall run with and not against the spliecs. But
if the belt slips on both pulleys, of a belted pair,
then there can be no difference which way the
splices of the belt lie, for the motion of one
pulley will be against and the motion of the
other will be with the splices, which is the true
state of the case, but which does not often
hapen ; there will mostly be conditions favoring
slippage on the one or other of the pulleys, when
it is known which one it is, then put the belt on
to suit this condition. In the cases where there
is no slipping, if the driving pulley acts favorably
on the splices, then the driven pulley is sure to
be against them, and so it may be said there is
Yeally nothing in the advice directing the way a
belt should be run, except for the cases of known
slippage. So says Mr. John H. Cooper, who is
certainly competent authority, in a recent com-
munication.

Appreciated,
Core St. ANTOINE,

Montreal, May 4th, 1881.
Messrs. Toker & Co., Publishers of THE
CANADA LUMBERMAN, Peterborough, Ont.
GENTLEMEN,—You, or some friend, has been
forwarding me your periodical I think from its
first issue, and you will please receive enclosed
$2 to pay for it for the year, since I first re-
ceived it, the date of which you will no doubt
be able to ascertain. I like the paper very
much. Itisin my opinion the best published
on the subject in America, and is far away
ahead of the Timber Trades Journal of London,

England. Yours,

James LITTLE,

FILING 0R SHARPENING THE TEETH
SAWS.

The greatest wear of a saw is on the under
sides of the teeth. File nearly to an edge (bu
not quite), leaving a short bevel of, say 1-32 of
an inch wide on the under side of the point.
But in no instance file to a fine point and thin
wire edge.

First.—Be sure that the saw hangs properly
on the mandrel].

Second.—The saw must be in proper line with
the carriage, and the carriage run true.

Third.—The mandrel must be level and run
tight in the boxes.

Fourth.—Round off the saw so that all teeth
will cut the same amount, and be sure that the
very points of the teeth are widest.

Fifth.—Do nearly all the filing on the upper
sides of the teeth and see that they are well
spread at the points ; file square and have them
project alike on both sides of the saw.

Sixth.—If the saw heats in the centre when
the mandrel runs cool in the boxes, cool it off
and line it into the log a little. ;

Seventh.—If the saw heats on the rim and not
in the centre, cool it off and line it out of the log
a little.

Eighth.—Do not try the experiment of bend-
ing each alternate tooth for the set, when using
inserted toothed saws.

Ninth.—File the teeth hooking, so that the
swsge will spread them at the points.

Tenth.—Use a light hammer in swaging, say
three-quarters to one pound weight.

In filing solid toothed circular saws, keep the
throats or roots of the teeth round, or as
saws are when new. Angles, or square corné
filed at the roots of the teeth, will almost invari-
ably cause a saw to crack; the filing of such
angles or square corners will cancel the warrant
on any saw. The back or top of the tooth
leads or guides the saw, and should be filed
square across. The under side of the teeth may
be filed a little beveled on the teeth of saws that
are bent alternately for the set so as to leave the
outer corners of the cutting edge longest. These
directions, if carefully followed, will not only
put the saw in excellent condition for cutting,
but will, to a great extent, serve to keep it true
in circumference, and even in balance. They
have been prepared by J. E. Emerson, of Emer-
son, Smith & Co., who is, as our readers know,
a practical saw maker.

badd

4

LABOUR ON THE OTTAWA.

The Ottawa Daily Citizen in a review of the
prospects of lumbering in that valley says :-—
The labor question in all of the lumberman’s
operations, is one of the greatest importance,
and there seems no chance of a clash between
labor and capital this season. Among the em-
ployers there seems a general idea that a slight
advance in wages will take place, but no one of
them seem to apprehend the slightest difficulty
in obtaining all the hands they may require for
any kind of work, and among the men so far,
even those who are over sanguine asto what the
season may produce, there seems no inclination
to force the price of their toil above its fair
market value. The Upper Ottawa Improve-
ment Company, which owing to the fact that
work is steady on it the whole season through,
can get men cheaper than most private firms for
the drive; are paying $3,000 per month more
than they did last season. In the mills, how-
ever, it is not probable that much over a dollar
a day will be paid for day hands, and the usual
rules will be observed in regard to night hands.
Men on the drives, especially the short drjyes,
are now commanding high wages, in some cases
$30 per month and found being paid, and in a
very few exceptional cases first-class men on
difficult work have secured a higher figure.

Fire Proof Buildings.

There if practically no such thing as a fire
proof building. Brick comes nearer to being a
fire proof material than any other substance.
Tron is treacherous and almost worthless in
many places where it is commonly used. A
good oak pillar is far better as a support in case
of fire than iron. None of the building stone
generally in use is of any value in case of severe
fire, amd granite is the worst, or least reliable
of all,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE RELATION OF FORESTS TO CLIMATE
AND SOIL.

Mr. F. C. Zimmerman, who is connected with
the United States Consulate at Berlin, in a late
report to the state department at Washington,
gives some valuable information upon this sub-
ject, which is becoming a very important one to
the people of this country. He says that the
influence of forests upon the climate and the
fertility of the soil is most carefully studied at
the forest academies and stations in Prussia, and
the conclusions that are reached there can hardly
fail to be of value to those in this country who
are interested in tree growing. As warnings to
wood destroyers, large tracts of land are point-
ed out in various countries which formerly were
covered with forests within whose borders were
springs and brooks, where now, man having
thoughtlessly stripped the land of its trees, the
eye looks in vain for a grass plot. The sun-
beams unhindered strike the naked earth and
raise the temperature of it and the neighboring
air to a high degree; in the night, however,
this heat is quickly and freely given out into
space and the temperature suddenly sinks.
Sufficient rain does not fall, nor does it fall re-
gularly, but pours down in torrents and no good
comes of it. The arid ground cannot retain the
moisture, but from the dry surface, the fallen
water evaporates like ether, and vegetation re-
eeives but little assistance in its effort to grow.
_ These students are now satisfied that the
forest moderates the extremes of temperature
-and ameliorates the climate. It is especially
worthy of note that the daily temperature of
| forests does not reach so high a point in sum-
mer as that of open fields, nor in winter does it
sink so low. Changes of temperature do not
occur so suddenly in the forest, for ground
shaded by trees becomes warm more slowly
than uncovered land, and does not cool off so
quickly.

If one examines the statistics furnished by the
Prussian meteorological stations, relative to the
temperature of the surface of the earth and the
neighboring atmosphere in their districts, it will
be found that the rise and fall of the same are
quite gradual, and that the extremes of tem-
perature are reached somewhat later in the
forests than in the open fields. This gradual rise
and fall of temperature is one of the chief re-
quisites for the proper growth of forest trees as
well as for plants generally. Young trees are
often injured by sudden changes of temperatue,
and some species cannot thrive unless some -pro-
tection from such changes is furnished them.
The leaves of the trees retain a great deal of
water, which is evaporated and thus given back

to the air, the humidity of which is thereby in-

creased, and the supply of moisture to the soilis
rendered more equal and regular.- That the
soil receives is absorbed and evaporated very
slowly. Much of the rain that falls upon open
fields is wasted, the supply being often greater
than the requirement for the time being. For-
ests, moreover, directly induce rain. The air
within the forest becoming warm by the absorp-
tion of heat, both from the ground and the air
next above it, leaves over the forest a current
considerably colder than the neighboring air,
and rain-clouds passing over are, in most cases,
condensed by coming into contact with this
colder atmosphere. To exercise such an in-
fluence, however, on atmospheric temperature,
the forest must be of very considerable extent.

Authorities on the subject of forest culture in
Prussia are unanimous in the opinion that rain-
fall is more abundant and regular in districts
well wooded than in bare lands. In this con-

nection it is worthy of remark that the forests

are generally rich in springs and brooks. This

alone goes a great way toward showing the

intimate relations between woods and water.
And further, while the forest tends to moder-

e climate, while it regulates the supply of
isture, the forest land is continually receiving
a supply of the richest soil through the yearly
fall of leaves. This soil increases the capacity
of the ground for warmth, its moisture-retaining
properties, and furnishes all the requirements

ary for the growth of plants. The im-
ant influence of forests on climate and the

ity of the soil having long been recognized,

t hae, therefore, often been attempted to forest
nds sterile because of unfavorable conditions

f climate. These attempts have often been

tained, it is estimated, when at least 20 per

trade organ, and devoted exclusively to the

crowned with success. The foresting of the TARIFF OF RATES,

Luneberg heath, a sandy plain near Hanover,
was successful, though accomplished at great
expense and in the face of various difficulties.

carried out. This one instance shows how
thoroughly the science of forest culture is ap-
preciated in that kingdom.

The proper hygrometric and electric equili-
brium for successful farming can only be main-

V.—PASSING LAPASSE BOOM.

Expenses,

Saw logs, 17 feet and under.......... 3 ct.
Red and White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce
and Hemlock, round or flatted, over
17 feet and under 25 feet long...... 4-9 ct.
do do 25 to 35 feet long.... 5-9 ct.
do do 35 feet and upwards
inilength-jecite l= 1) Siside/sislslisie sien 8-9 ct.
Red and White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce

cent. of the total area is forest land. Mirabeau
estimated, in 1750, that 32 per cent. of the land
in France should be woodland. Reutzsch esti-
mated that in the interior of Germany the
proportion of woodland to the entire surface
should be 23 per cent., while near the coast,

where the air is supplied with humidity by and Hemlock, square.............. 14 ct
evaporation from the sea, 20 per cent. would be | Oak, Elm and other hardwood, square
sufficient and proper In this connection one] or flatted............eeeeee seen ees 2 cts

writer very pertinently inquires: ‘‘ If the Ger-

man states require 23 per cent. midway between OF HULL SLIDE, NORTH SIDE.

the North sea, the Baltic, and the Mediter- | Saw logs, 17 feet and Pi Gt cosgsocas 1 ct.
ranean, what is demanded for the great area | Red rahi ea eid Wee

he Mississippi and the Rocky Moun-| 270 *:¢mlock, round or latted, over
LS eps ee eta yu 17 feet and under 25 feet long...... 1} ct.

tains, almost without water from the Gulf of

a z do do 25 to 35 feet long... 1% ct.
California to the Polar sea?’—WNorthwestern do do 35 feet and upwards 3
Lumberman. Ant Len eyGlanelet-te/cfalleleatebantelelsleleisisistere 23 cts.

To Harden and Temper a Saw. Red and White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce
be E A and Hemlock, square......+....++. 4 cts.
Fix it by its hole to a bar or rod, as though it Oak, Elm and other hardwood, square
was an arbor. Heat evenly over a charcoal fire] or flatted.....--.ess.seceecseeeess 6 cts.
to a good cherry red. Dip it evenly in a hori- VIII.—THROUGH IMPROVEMENTS IN THOMPSON’S BAY.

zontal—level—position into a bath of whale or
lard oil, moving it horizontally until it is cool.
Remove it, and with the oil on it heat it over
the fire until the oil flashes or flits over the sur-

Saw logs, 17 feet and under.......... ; ct.
Red and White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce
and Hemlock, round or flatted, 17

feet and under 25 feet long..... eee Let.

face. Do not allow the oil to burn. In all ae os ZA ne et nc 4ogE

cases the saw must be hardened horizontally Fe ih en : Ghee oe ere

not vertically. Experiment has proved this] peg and white Pine, Tamarac, Bente. ;

method to be a perfect success. and Hemlock, square...........-.. 3 cts.
Oak, El d other hardwood, s

Steel Bands for Transmitting Power. ae Baa ae ‘ as 43 cts

A patent recently granted in Vienna and
Berlin uses bands of steel, tempered and hard-
ened, to transmit motion from one pulley to the
other, the faces of the pulleys being turned per
fectly flat and then faced with a varnish of

Saw logs, 17 feet and under.......... ict.
Red and White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce
and Hemlock, round or flatted, over

17 feet and under 25 feet long...... 4 ct.

2 ; d d 2 feet 1 eee O-= .
resin, shellac and asphalt. The fastenings of na ne ee ae ana tess
these belts are of a peculiar structure and can in leapthio: Gases catonaeetence 3 ct
not properly be described without engravings. - | Redand White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce

: and Hemlock, square....... eveove. 1 Ch
Invaluable to the Trade. Oak, Elm and other hardwood, square
THe CANADA LuUMBERMAN.—This paper,| orflatted............ spond oodoos eka

which was formerly published in Toronto, will
in future be published in Peterborough, Messrs,
Toker & Co., of the Rrvimw, having become the
proprietors. The LumBErMan, being a purely

Same as No. IX.

lumbering interests, will contain information
such as will render in invaluable to those en-
gaged in that business.—Hastings Star,

To be levied during the ensuing season (1881)
by the Upper Ottawa Improvement Company,
in connection with the undermentioned works :

Tolls same as for No. IV. No charge for Working

VI.—THROUGH IMPROVEMENTS IN MISSISSIPPI CHENAL,
CHATS RAPIDS AND QUIO BOOM OR ANY ONE OF THEM.

VII.—THROUGH IMPROVEMENTS FROM DESCHENES TO HEAD

IX.—THROUGH IMPROVEMENTS IN LIMEKILN EDDY.

X.—THROUGH BOOM BELOW THE OUTLET OF HULL SLIDE

Mothers who are startled at the hour of midnight
by that ominous hoarse cough of your little ones, what
would you not give for a prompt and certain means of
relief from that dread destroyer of your children,
Croup? Such a means you may have for the trifling
cost of 25 cents. It is Hagyard’s Yellow Oil, the great
Household remedy for all inflammatory and painful
diseases. Do not rest over night again without it.

FOREST FIRES.
Forest fires are numerous during this mont!

and too stringent measures cannot by ” to

prevent carelessness on the part of

Tn like manner the foresting of sandy stretches I.—THROUGH DES JOACHIM BOOM. incendiarism by tramps. In New York ty
of land in Brandenberg and other Prussian pro- ,, Polls Working | offences are criminal. Under thi
vinces has resulted very favorably ; the aim in Ore statutes of that State, every person n
all these cases being, of course, to counteract | saw logs, 17 feet and under........- }cent 2cents| setting fire to his own woods, or neglivently
the influence that these sterile tracts exercised | Redand White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce suffering a fire kindled upon his own
over the neighboring fertile soil and to convert | nd Hemlock, round or flatted, over fallow land to extend beyond his own lan t
them into useful and productive prossessions. 17 feet and under 25 feet long...... 4-9 ct.. % te. be deemed guilty of a misdemeanour, ar a

Again, referring to the fact that considerable We o eee ete eo BO hi’ BOON conviction, is liable t0 # fine not exx
moisture is necessary for the growth of trees, it fee ee Peres «| ‘ pies Sock. . Bh cle. thousand dollars or imprisonment for a t t
is proper to remark that when it is deemed} pq ang White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce exceeding one year. A peculiar rule al
desirable to change the course of a stream or} anq Hemlock, square.....-..+++s.- 14 ct. 8 cts, | to civil suite for damages occasioned
rivulet, in order to irrigate fields designed for | Oak, Elm and other hardwood, square fires in Suffold county. Wherever a per
cultivation, it should be carefully ascertained] or flatted .......... eolpsiness reeipee 2 cts. 12 cts. | has kindled a fire on his own land permit
by noting the rainfall, remaining springs, II.—THROUGH FORT WILLIAM BOOM, extend beyond, to the land of another, }
brooks, etc., whether such a change can be | Saw logs, 17 feet and under.......... 3 ct. 1ct. |deemed to have done so negligently. and t
made without detriment to such woodland in | Red and White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce law imposes upon him the burden of ;
the neighborhood as may be in part dependent | 224 Hemlock, round or flatted, over “beyond every doubt ’—these are the !
on such waters for moisture. Hea ie rae e da Be es Z Ks the statute—“‘ that there w as no ni glig ence on

Draining too much of the water from forest dom doll es teeHandinpwants his part, and that the fire extended fron
lands destroys the forests, as deforesting often] ;,, length......+ Se AN ANE, 8-9ct. 23 cts, | Own land from causes entirely beyond his own
dries up streams. In Prussia this is so well] Red and White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce control.” These laws are found to hay
understood and appreciated that before any] and Hemlock, square............. 13 ct. 4 cts. | wholesome effect.—Mail.
such course is pursued, very careful considera- | Oak, Elm and other hardwood, square ——$—$—$__
tion is given to the subject. and the forest] OF flatted.......sesesssseeeeeeeeee 2 cts. 6 cts. A Wood-Splitting Machine.
officials are called upon for, and they submit, II].—THROUGH ALLUMETTE BOOM. A novelty in mechanics is a wood-splittin
reasons pro and con. A few years ago, for] Same as No. II. machine, which E. W. Peck has used near Cam-
instance, it was desired to reclaim certain bog Nic SSEEUR VATU) GEE VOU bridgebureh, Vt. It acts exactly unon ¢
land near Chorin, in Brandenberg, but in order | 84 108s, 17 feet and under.......... 110 ct. 1 et. FO ee SO ee aan ae

: : Red and White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce guillotine principle. An enormous axe, weich-
to do so, it was found that it would be necessary |", 4d Hemlock, round/or flatted, over ing with its fixtures, 200 pounds, runs up and
to reduce the Paarsteiner lake a square mile or! 47 geet and under 25 feet.......++-. 2-15 ct. 1 ct.| down between two uprights, and is controlled
more. To this the forest authorities strenuously do do 25 to 8 feet long... 1-6ct. 14 ct.| by a pair of levers. As the section of a low
objected, becaase they feared that such a redue- do do 365 feet and upwards drops from the buzz saw, it rolls down an in-
tion of the water surface would so materially | in length... veteetessseees te tee sees 415 ct. 2§ cts. | Jine to the splitter. Here a workman places i
lessen the moisture of the air and soil, that the | Red aud White Pine, Tamarac, Spruce under the axe, which, descending. splits it wi
5 . : and Hemlock, square..... Sup bodes 25ct. 4 cts. y J

very existence of the neighboring forests would One deta otha hardwood ajtaxe incredible ease and despatch. The tough:
be hazarded. The project was therefore not or flatted.........+ ACHE ROCCE SAD aee 3-5ct. 6 cts.| and knottiest ‘old settlers,” which it woul

take a man half a week to split with an ordiz
axe, are disposed of in asecond. The rapidity
with which it works may be imagined from the
fact that it can split wood as fast as it can be
sawed in a mill. It does as much work in a

given time as twenty men could acc: mplish.
a

14 ct.

ce Timber Seasoning and Preserving.

2h ets. A foreign exchange describes a method which
it says has been utilized to a larze extent in
France. By this new process, the antiseptic
properties of carbolic and other tar acids are
carried through the heart ane the innermost
pores of the largest log, all the free water and
fermentable sap being extracted by superheated
sted steam. It is said that all kinds of wood
may be preserved. A noteworthy thing report-
ed is, that the timber if first so softened by the
process, under appropriate treatment, it may be
pressed into various shapes, after which it
hardens and resists the attacks of fungi or of
insects. As licenses have been taken out in
England, we hope for fuller information as to

the process itself and it practical results.
——
Growth of Trees.

4 cts.

6 cts.

9 cts.

As the result of observation and from the
testimony of reliable men, the following is aboué

ce the average growth in twelve years of the lead-
ing desirable varieties of trees when planted in
13 ct. | belts or groves and cultivated :—White maple,
12 ct | one foot in diameter and 30 feet high ; ash-leaf
maple or box elder, one foot in diameter and 20
23 cts. | feet high ; white willow, one and a half feet in
diameter and 40 feet hich ; yellow willo#& one
4 cts.) and ahalf feet in diameter and 35 feet high ;
arcs Lombardy poplar, 10 inches in diameter and 40

feet high; blue and white ash, 10 inches in
diameter and 25 feet high; black walnut and

butternut, 10 inches in diameter and 20 ft, hich,
———————————

Sharpening Old Files.

The edge produced on files by acid does not
hold ; a recut file differs from a new one in
temper, as drawing and replacing the temper
injures the steel, the original temper seldom
being attained. The only method of sharpen-
ing a file and making it as good as new, is by
the application of the sand blast. I have been
using this in my shop about six months, and can
sharpen an old file equal to new (witNout dis-
turbing the temper) in from one to three
minutes. I prefer old files thus treated to any
new files, as it makes them keener and smoother
cutting, and preventing breakage of teeth.— TV.
A, Foster in Blacksmith and Wheelwright.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
seriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-

tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY

TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :

One copy, one year, in advanee................. $2 00
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Adivertising Rates :
Perlineplorione wy Gans, str iayeissye +e ate stents -taviclalers 4.5 $0 90
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Special rates will be made for page, half page and

column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
least three clear days before the day of publication, to

insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
Peter-

be addressed and made payable to Toker & Co.,
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
but as a
Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the

writer, publication,

guarantee of good faith.

not necessarily for

date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. MAY 16, 1SS1,

THE saw log drive belonging to owls Bros,
Hastings, Ont., arrived at Lakefield on Wed.

nesday morning, and that of J. Z. Rogers, of

Ashburnham, at Youngs’ Point.

Messrs. R. & G. STRICKLAND ave very busy

cutting up about a million feet of basswood,
ash, etc., at their Lakefield water mill, which
has lately been thoroughly overhauled and is

now doing better work than it ever did before.

Too little attention has hitherto been paid to
the getting out of hardwoods in this section of

Ontario,

Tue Tanite Company, of Stroudsburg, Mon-
roe Co., Pa., compelled by the increased de-
mand for their celebrated emery wheels and
grinding machinery, are about enlarging their
already extensive works. Plans and _ specifica-
tions were perfected for a building 24x64 feet,
four storeys high. In consequence of the late-
ness of the season, however, it is impossible to
get out the lumber in time. The original plans
are therefore modifled temporarily, and a build-
ing of two storeys, 24x82 feet, will be erected,
which, at a later period, will be enlarged to the
original designs.

a TN

As most of our readers know it is one thing
to get tt” Jee during the winter and another to
get them to the mills in good time during the
summer, In the last two or three issues of Tun
Canapa LUMBERMAN we have given various
estimates of the expected supply of lumber for
the season, but none of these estimates, so far
as we are aware, made any allowance for the
logs which, although banked, were either not
likely to reach the mills this summer, or to
reach them so late as to prevent the lumber
manufactured from them being put upon the
market until next spring. That more than the
usual quantity of logs will be hung up this
season is now more than probable. Not only is
the opening of the streams unusually late, but
little or no rain has fallen, to make up for the
water which, has been quietly slipping away
without taking a log with it. Unless, therefore,
unusual provision were made last fall for hold-
ing back a supply of water on the small streams,
the probabilities are that the estimated supply
for the current season will be considerably re-
duced from this cause, although we think it

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

water.

TIMBER ON ROAD ALLOWANCES.

included within the bounds of any license ;”

granted, or

34 V. c. 19, 8. 1.

license.

sive possession of any such road allowance.
V.o. 19, 8. 2.

Municipal Council for preserving, selling,

84° V. co. 19; 8. 3.

such license.

corporation of such township or united town-

solidated revenue fund of the Province, a sum
equal to two per centum of the dues received by

Her Majesty for or in respect of the timber or

saw-logs which, during the existence of such
by-law, were cut within the said township or
united townships, under the authority of such
license ; but no corporation shall be entitled to
such per centage of the dues received for timber
or saw-logs cut during the times or seasons
when any timber or trees on any such road
allowances were cut or removed, for which cut-
ting or removal such corporation had, before the
fifteenth day of February, one thousand eight
hundred and seventy-one, obtained a verdict
against any such licensee or nominee,

With regard to the timber growing on road
allowances not within the limit of any license,
sub-section 4 of section 509 of the Municipal
Act provides that ‘‘ the Council of every county
township, city, town, and incorporated village
may pass by-laws for preserving or selling tim-
ber, trees, stone, sand or gravel on any allow-
ance or appropriation for a public road ” subject
to the provisions which we have just quoted.

FOREST CULTURE,

The Toronto World is another paper that is
sharing in the growing interest felt in forest
preservation. In an editorial it says :—‘‘ The
forests of Canada are, next to her farms, the
chief source of her Wealth. But these are being
rapidly depleted, and scarcely a move has been
made in any quarter to re-plant or conserve
them. At the present rate of consumption our
supply will become exhausted in fifteen years,
while the supply of the United States east of
the Rocky Mountains will not last ten years.
Much may be done by judicious care and over-
sight to provide for future wants, as may be
learnt from a study of forest culture in Great
Britain and the countries of the continent, more
especially Germany and France. This work
ought to begin now ; to wait ten years or five
years would be to lose inyaluable opportunities,

would be rather injudicious to make bets, as
the Lumberman’s Gazette says is being done in
the west, that the supply of lumber will be
from ten to fifteen per cent. less this season
than it was last, on account of the dearth of

In compliance with the request of a corres-
pondent we publish the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th
(as amended last session) sections of chap. 26 of
the Revised Statutes of Ontario, which relate to
the rights of license holders and municipalities
to the timber growing upon road allowances

3. Every Government road allowance includ-
ed in any Crown timber license, heretofore
which may hereafter be granted
under section one of this Act, shall be deemed
and taken to be and to have been ungranted
lands of the Crown, within the meaning of said
section, and liable as such to be included in such

4, The licensee or nominee named in any such
license shall be deemed and taken to have, and
to have had, all the rights in respect of every
such road allowance, and the trees, timber and
lumber thereon, or cut thereon, as were or, by
the second section of this Act, may be conferred
upon him in respect of any other Crown lands
embraced in such license, and the trees, timber
and lumber thereon, or cut thereon, except that
he shall not be entitled to take or keep exclu-
34

5. No by-law passed, or to be passed by any
or
otherwise appropriating or disposing of the tim-
ber or trees, or any part thereof, on any Govern-
ment road allowance or allowances included in
any such license, shall be deemed or taken to
have had or have any force or effect against any

6. In case the council of any township or-
ganized as a separate municipality, or the
council of any united townships, have passed
or hereafter pass any by-law for preserving or
selling the timber or trees on the Government
road allowances within such townships or united
townships, and included in any such license, the

ships shall be entitled to be paid, out of the con-

OUR FORESTS.

tion in London, next September.

before the public.

and receive a grant from the

similar public purposes,

ance than any other.

FOREST STATISTICS.

experts in their several departments.

of the subjects

tion.

respect we lay somewhat behind them.

HALIBURTON,

TiMBER.—A very large drive of square timber
belonging to Messrs. Irwin & Boyd is running
It will be rafted in Head

through this village.
Lake, where, with other timber which has

already been brought up the lake, there will be

some 2,000 pieces. This drive consists of 1,100,
among which are some fine timber, the largest
being 41 feet in length, and squaring 30x31
inches. A timber slide for loading it has been
built near the new wharf, and the first train
load left on the 6th via the Victoria and Mid-
land railroads for Port Hope.

Scarcity oF WatTrer.—The lumbermen are
complaining very much of the want of water. A
vast number of logs will have to be left in the
small creeks, adjoining the large creeks and
lakes, there not being sufficient water to run
them out. There has not been any rain in this
part since the first part of February. Water is
lower than last fall.

Haliburton, May 9th, 1881.

Deserves Success.

THe CanapA LuMBERMAN.—Messrs. Toker &
Co., the enterprising publishers of the Peter-
borough Darty Rrvirw, have purchased THE
CaNnADA LUMBERMAN, and will henceforth pub-
lish it twice a month. It is the only paper
published in Canada in the interest of lumber-
men, and will, we are sure, guide and guard
their interests faithfully and well. The LuMBER
MAN is purely a trade organ, and will not be
allied with any political party. We wish
Messrs. Toker & Co. the success they deserve,
and if they get that they will have no reason to
grumble, as every person interested in lumber
or timber should subscribe for Tar CANADA
LUMBERMAN at once.—Stratford Herald.

JAKE BoGart’s saw mills, Ufford, have again
been overhauled and are in first-class" order.

Our readers will be pleased to learn that the
Council of the Agricultural and Arts Associa-
tion of Ontario at its last meeting decided to
offer two prizes of $30 and $20 for the best
essays on “the best methods of preserving our
forests and the varieties of trees best suited for
planting,” and that these essays are to be read
and discussed at a public meeting of all who
chose to attend, to be held on the evening of the
first Wednesday during the Provincial Exhibi-
It is to be
hoped that these prizes will not only be the
means of calling forth some valuable informa-
tion and suggestions with regard to this very
important subject, but that the opportunity,
which the public meeting is designed to afford,
will be taken advantage of by many of the
readers of THe CANADA LUMBERMAN, to place
their views—particularly with regard to the
preservation of our present timber supply—
In connection with this sub-
ject may we not ask: Why should not the
lumbermen of this Province form an association,
Provincial
Treasury to aid them in promoting so laudable
an object as the preservation of our forests ? The
Provincial Government now give grants to
several associations which have been formed for
and why not to the
lumbermen, who represent an interest, second
to that of the farmer, but of far greater import-

In the United States we learn that important
branches of the census work have been commit-
ted to the charge of special agents, who are
Among
these Professor Charles S. Sargent has charge
of ‘‘Tree-covering, Forest
Wealth, and the Lumbering Industry.” This
gentleman will no doubt collate the scattered
statistics on these subjects, and publish them in
such a shape as to give very valuable informa-
We might well follow the example of our
neighbors in this respect, for the small expendi-
ture incurred would be amply repaid, by our
better knowledge of our forest areas and forest
wealth. This is only one instance out of many
of the interest which our neighbors south of
the line are taking in their forests, in which

» a

8ST. JOHN, N.B.

THE FResHET.—The water in the river con~
tinues very low for the season of the year, o
to the protracted dry and cold weather;
same may be said of the smaller streams, op
ing adversely to stream drivmg operations.

Saw MiLis.—Sawing has commenced at the
greater number of our milling establishments,
both in the city and in the country district
but it is doubtful how long they can all be kept
in operation unless we have more favoraie
weather for the streams soon.

Freights.—The rates of freight rule about t
same as at the date of our last. A large bu
ness in chartering has been done however in
past fortnight, some 16,000 tons of shipp
haying been placed, chiefly for Liverpool
Bristol Channel, at 57/6.

Surpments.—The following shipments of deal,
and other sawn timber have been made duri
the two weeks past, say:

er:

St. John, N.B., May 5th, 1881.

OTTAWA.

Surprinc.—Shipping of lumber is going om
briskly by the river and by the St. Lawrence &
Ottawa Railway, and by the Canada Centrak
Railway.

Rartinc.—A. & P. White, of Deux Rivieres,
have a large gang of men rafting their timber at.
that place and expect to be ready to start for
Quebec at an early date. The water in the
Ottawa and many of the other streams is very
low, and great fears are entertained that there
will be many logs left in the creeks this season.

Drivinc.—Bronson & Weston’s drive is near
out of the Schyon; the water is as high as it was
any time at this season of the year. Fraser &
McCanchan’s drive on the same stream is also
doing well. They expect to be in the Ottawa
River about the 12th of May. The tug Walter
B., owned by Mr. Thibaudeau, is to begin tow-
ing logs from Des Joachim to Fort William on
the 28th.

CLosep.—Mr. J. A. Gouin has closed the
Russell House until the 15th of June next. The
old stone building is to be taken down and a
handsome new front built. Mr. Gouin has con-
ducted the Russell House for the past eighteen
years, and as he has been a popular landlord, he
will doubtless have the continued patronage of
the travelling public when the superior accom-
modation which will be afforded by the contem-
plated improvements is completed.

BIG TREES.

Referring to big trees, the American Register
tells us that a grove in California, consisting of
1,680, contains not one which measures less than
six feet in diameter. A rare and magnificent —
white oak is to be seen in the Quaker burying
ground in Salem, New York. It is more than
two hundred years old, and is remarkable for _
its enormous ‘branches, which have a spread of
112 feet. A remarkable chestnut tree is grow-
ing on a farm in Berks, Pennsylvania. It is
nearly forty feet in circumference at the base,
and the top of the tree can be reached by steps
fastened between the limbs. Most remarkable
of trees with a history is a russet apple tree in
Skowhegan, Maine, which was planted in 1762.
In its branches a play-room for children has
been built for halfa century. The tree is seven
feet from the ground to the branches, five in
number, all of which are very large, and aver-
age 30 feet in length, covering a space of ground
63 feet in diameter. It is more than 44 feet in
diameter, and has yielded an average of thirty
bushels each year

7 a ee —e -”

On the Subject of Wagon Tires.

The question has been asked why people .per-
sist in the use of narrow wagon tires where the
roads are of clay and mud, or where loads have
to be drawn over ploughed or mellow ¢
A broad tire will not sink so far as a narrow one,
consequently the narrower the tire the deeper —
the wheel will sink into the field or road, and
greater power will be required to draw the load.
While narrow wheels are desirable for vehicles
for fast driving, it is very desirable that the
breadth of tire used on our lumber and farm
wagons should be materially increased.

PounCc

Crate Motes.

Tue schooner J. Norris gets $80 per 1,000 for
timber from Amhurstburg to Kingston.

Trarric on the Erie Canal is not expected to
be fully open until about the 17th inst.

Mr. Rost. Came’s new steam saw mill at
Dwight commenced cutting logs on the 14th ult.
The machinery worked well.

Tur Moira river is falling rapidly, making
owners of logs on that stream apprehensive
about getting them to the mills this year.

Ay individual named Hitchman was fined $10
and costs, at Huntsville, for having stolen tim-
ber from the farm of the poet Churchill.

AxrHoucH the rate on lumber from Toronto
to Oswego is still quoted at $1.25, a charter,
however, has been made at $1.15.

Tux steamer Conqueror, of Quebec, has been
chartered for towing timber on Lake Ontario.
She has been guaranted eleven rafts.

Tuompson & McArtuor, Fenelon Falls, are
preparing to erect a large steam saw mill on the
north side of the village, on the shore of
Cameron Lake.

WE understand that the drives on Gull and
Burnt Rivers are making gcod progress, and
will soon be out of danger, but on the smaller
streams drivers haye their hands full.

THERE is a good opening for a planing mill
and sash factory at Lakefield, Ont., as there is
none within nine miles of that place, and it is
surrounded by a good country.

Tue Muskoka Slide Dam and Boom Company
have about 220 men employed, to whom they
are paying an average of $26 per month. Last
year the average was $24.

From the St. Ienace Ziepublican we learn that
the Mackinac Lumber Co., put in during the
past winter 14,000,000 feet of logs, held over
from last year 3,000,000 feet and have 1,500,000
feet of lumber on their docks and expect to
manufacture 16,000,000 feet this season.

From two groves of maples in North Harpers-
field, Delaware County, New York, the yield
this year has been seven tons of maple sugar.
The groves contain 4,200 trees. In 1875 the
town of Harpersfield produced 200,000 pounds
of sugar, an amount which this year’s crop is
thought to exceed.

Messrs. G. W. Taytor & Co., are putting in
two gangs consisting of 64 saws in their saw
mill, on Muskoka Bay, which will make its
cutting capacity much greater than any mill in
the Muskoka district. They are also building
two additions to their mill, one for lumber and
the other for lath.

On the 30th ult., while superintending the
breaking of a vast dump of logs on the Tequin
river, Mr. Joseph Calverlie got entangled among
the falling logs, and asa result, afew broken
ribs, an ugly contused wound on the right
temple, and a general bruising all over, from
which, however, nothing serious is apprehended.

Durixe the past 12 years there has been 1,-
686,650,816 feet of logs cut from the Menominee
nd tributaries. The cut of the past winter will
geregate about 306,500,000 feet, which, added
to 20,000,000 feet of old logs on hand, gives a
total stock of 326,500,000 feet. The log cut of
the past winter exceeds that of the last previous
one nearly 66,000,009.

An Ottawa dispatch says that the tug Allan
Gilmour, with eight barges of lumber, got into
the Long Sault on the night of May 8th, and it
was found necessary to cut five barges loose,
which were badly wrecked in going through the
rapids. J. A. Kirby, of this city, is owner of
the barges ; the loss is estimated at $4,000, on
which there is an insurance of $1,000.

Lake freights on lumber are quoted at $1.50
from Muskegon to Chicago; $1.50 from Grand
Haven ; 1.25 from Manistee. No rates have
been named yet for ports that are not open.
The vessel market is pretty firm, and under the
impression that there will be plenty of stuff to
carry this season, owners expect to command
paying figures.

Tue Somo River (Wis.) Lmprovement Com-
pany has had about sixty men engaged for some
time in building dams and otherwise improving
the stream, to facilitate the driving of logs. The

daras have been thoroughly repaired and two
ones built, making five in all, There are

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

about ten million feet of logs to come out of
that stream, about four millions of which will
be run to Stevens’ Point.

Tue Toronto Globe says that it is proper to
have it understood by vessel-men that there
will be nothing done in this port for a week in
lumber charters. The canal at Oswego will not
be open till the 17th, and the docks at Oswego
are overcrowded. It is said by shippers that
there will be a month’s good sailing when the
season commences. It is hoped that rates will
be maintained as they are at present.

Iv is learned from the News and Reporter that
the Ducey Lumber Company with a capital of
$50,000 has been organized at Muskegon for the
transaction of a general lumber business. P, A.
Ducey is president ; John Lynch, vice-presi-
dent, and E. C. Misner, secretary-treasurer.
The company has purchased the new mill of the
Torrent & Arms Lumber Company, for $40,000.
The new firm is a strong one and will do a suc-
cessful and profitable business.

Mr. Joun Ottver, of John Oliver & Co.,
Toronto, Ont., has been in Chicago for the past
two weeks buying and selling hardwoods. Mr,
Oliver has so much faith in the prospective
value of certain kinds of wood, that even at
present prices he would rather buy than sell.
He has men in Indiana and adjoining states,
buying extensively. The firm does an immense
business, and is the only one in the Dominion
in the hardwood trade exclusively.

Tue small value of birch wood for fuel, and
its lack of toughness and strength, except in the
smaller twigs, have led to its general neglect in
the arts. Our more enterprising builders of
railway cars, however, have discovered that its
light weight, close grain, and rich finish male it
admirably suited for certain applications where
fine finish and bright effects are desired. The
contrasts presented when white birch and light
colored ash are relieved by the red of the cherry
birch, are said to be queer looking, but very
pleasing to the eye.

Tue Caughnawaga Indians consider their
remuneration not high enough. They are en-
gaged in piloting rafts of timber down the
Lachine rapids during the open season, for
which they are paid $2 per day. They now de-
mand $2.50, and add the presumptuous condi-
tion that no white man be employed in this
peculiar but dangerous calling. The redskins
went the length of assaulting a lumberman’s
agent who had some I'rench-Canadians engaged
on the work. Of course they will have to pay
for their obstreperousness.

LovisvitLE, Ky., enjoys a very respectable
lumber trade of some fifteen to twenty million
feet, half of which is sawed there. In the report
of the Board of Trade for 1880, the number of
establishments in this branch of manufacturing
is mentioned as three ; capital employed $300, -
000; number of hands, 132; wages, $1.35 to
$2.50 per day ; number of saws, 126; number of
circular saws and lath mills, six ; value of logs,
$124,000 ; value of material, $126,375; lumber,
produced, 10,500,000 feet ; number of lath and
pickets, 3,342,500; value of products, $212,500.
The Ohio Falls Car Manufacturing Company,
on the Indiana shore, at Jeffersonville, uses
50,000 feet per day, or as much as is sawed in
Louisville, principally Michigan pine. The car
receipts in the city amount to about 3,000 cars
per year, while considerable more comes by
river,

We have received from Messrs. Toker & Co.,
publishers of the Rrvinw, Peterborough, the
tenth number of THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, a
paper devoted to the interests of the timber and
lumber industries of the Dominion, The first
nine numbers of this publication were issued in
Toronto by Mr, Alexander Begg, but the copy
before us shows that it has changed hands and
come under the able management of Messrs.
Toker & Co, The LumBerMan will be purely a

trade organ, non-political in its character—a

papor for the dissemination of facts and figures
concerning the trade; and in the interests of
our woods and forests, it will sustain an able
part. The contents of the LuMBERMAN are of
so much value that we believe every one inter-
ested in that upon which it professes to treat,
should become a subseriber. It will be sent to
any address for $2.00 per year.—Campbeliford
Herald,

Lack of Air.

Some workmen think themselves “ tired”
when they are only poisoned, They labor in
factories, breathe air without oxygen, and live
in an atmosphere of death. They are, too
often, allowed to smoke, and thus add fuel to
the flame which is consuming them. They
knock off work ‘tired ” and listless, when they
are merely weakened by foul air and made dull
and heavy by an atmosphere charged with dis-
ease. They keep the windows shut and close
the door on health, while they lift the gratings
of the tomb by breathing and re-breathing the
poison from their own lungs, and the floating
particles of matter about them. Open the win-
dows—let in the sunshine and the breeze, stop
smoking, and you will soon find that it is the
poison of confinernent, and not labor, that
wearies and tires. —Montreal Herald and Star.

——$—$—_$—_—_

Tur celebrated cypress tree that had stood
near the city of Sparta, Greece, for over 2,800
years, and was described by Pausanius 400
years before the coming of Christ, has been des
troyed by a band of strolling gypsies, who
camped beneath it and left their fire burning.
It was 75 feet high and 10 feet in diameter near
the ground.

SAWYER, ENGINEER & MILLER

A PRACTICAL MAN to take charge of a Saw Mill,
Shingle Mill, one run Flour Mill, with power suffi-
cient to run alternately, situated on Duck Lake, N. W.
T., 500 miles west Winnipeg. Engagement for a year
and expenses paid. Apply immediately, stating ex-
perience, reference, salary expected, when could leave,
A man accustomed to our machinery preferred,

1n14 WATEROUS, BRANTFORD.

ONTARIO
Hlectro and Stereotyping Foundry

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.

FLEMING & SON,
26 Colborne St., Toronto.

CANOES!

The undersigned keeps Canoes suitable
for LUMBERMEN, SPORTSMEN and
others constantly on hand. Price List on
application.

WILLIAM ENGLISH

8u14 PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

THE STEAMER “ NORSEMAN.”

(R. CRAWFORD, MASTER.)

ul4

Will make her regular trips on this route commencing
on Wednesday, the 20th of April, 1881, leaving Cobourg
every morning at 7.30 and Port Hope at 9 o’clock, on
arrival of Grand Trunk Railway trains from the East
and West, connecting at Rochester with the New York
Central, Northern Central, and Erie Railways. and the
Lake Ontario Division of the Rome, Watertown and
Ogdensburg Railway for all points east, west and south.

RETURNING,—Will leave Charlotte (Port of Roches-
ter) daily at 9 o’clock p.m., except Saturdays, when
she will leave at 3 p.m. for Port Hope direct.

Dealers in stock will find this the cheapest and
most expeditious route to Oswego, Boston, Albany,
New York. etc., ete. For further information apply to

R. CRAWFORD,

or C, F. GILDERSLEEVE. Port Hope.
Kingston. wl7

W.H. STOREY & SON.,

ACTON, ONTARIO,
GLOVE MANUFACTURERS.

The best description of GLOVES and MITTS in every
variety of material and style manufactured by us. b15

al¥d"YINIiSV4 FANT ONTYdS
~ WMadNA, SATYOLS

PORT HOPE

Sail, Tent & Awning

FACTORY,

East Pier, Port Hope, Ont

J. J. TURNER, Prop.

ALL

DIRECT IMPORTER AND DEALER
KINDS OF

COTTON and LINEN CANVAS.
Th eis, Sa, eel

EVERY KIND IN STOCK OR MADE TO ORDEK,

AWNINGS!

Any kind put up complete at Reasonabl
all work warranted Firet-claes.

IN

Prices, and

Horse and Waggon Covers, Flags, Ge

TAT Nove THE ADDRESS:

J. J. TURNER,
Sail, Tent and Awning Maker, East Pier, Port Hope,
Canada.

g== Old Rope Bought and Sold.-@3

md 100-2114

NY

Has no equal for the permanent cure of
Coughs, Colds, Sore Throat, Asthma, Croup,
Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and

all Lung Diseases. ¢
4a Every bottle guaranteed to give satisfaction.
T. MILBURN & CO., Proprietors Toronto.

CHAS. M. LARSEN,

Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacquered and Enamelled
Woodwork, Turning and Carving in

WOOD, HORN AND IVORY.

BILLIARD BALLS

Turned and coloured a speciality.

&#MEERCHAUM and AMBER GOODS repaired in
first-class style. bi7

77s King St. West, Toronto, Ont,

MAIL CONTRACT.

ENDERS, addressed to the Postmaster General, will

be received at Ottawa until Noon, on Friday, 6th

May, for the conveyance of Her Majesty’s Mails, on

proposed Contracts for four years, once, and three times
per week each way respectively, between

Apsley and Cheddar, and Peter-
borough and Apsley,

from the Ist July next. Conveyance to be made in
public or other vehicle. Printed notices contai
further information as to conditions of propo:
tract may be seen, and blank forms of Tender
obtained at the Post Offices of Peterborough

Apsley.
GILBERT GRIFFIN,
Post Office Inspector’s Office, } Post Office Ins}

Kingston, 25th March, 1881 j

and

B urdock B LOOD Bitters |

Burdock Healing Ointment should be
used in connection with Burdock Blood Bitters for

curing Ulcers, Abscesses, Fevers, Sores, &c.
g5centsperbox, TT. MILBURN & CO.,
= —-—= _ Sore Acents, ToRoNTa@ =”

Price
<a

(oe)

SCHOOLS OF FORESTRY.

Mr. David D. Thompson, of Cincinnati, who
has taken much interest in all forestal subjects.
gives some valuable information concerning the
schools of forestry established in Europe. In
order to secure the best results from the culture
and eare of forests, says this writer, which re-
quire a carefully planned system of regulations,
with competent agents to look after their appli-
cation, the Kuropean governments, with two or
three exceptions, haye established schools of
forestry, most of which are now in @ flourishing
condition. The students in these schools have
entered that they may thoroughly qualify them-
selves for the work they will have to perform,
and the importance of which they appreciate.
For them the salary is not the all-important
question—as is usually the case with scientists.

These schools of forestry are of two kinds :—
First, those designed for the study of forest
sciences and collateral branches, which are call-
ed in German, Forstakademie; and, second, the
Allgemeine Hochschule—colleges or polytechnic
institutions in which forestry is only a a depart-
ment. Before entering the Sorstakademice,
students are required to have taken a cowrse in
some preparatory or other school; and in some
schools to have had, in addition, a practical ex-
perience in forest planting and management
under the direction of skilful forester. Practical
experience im the care of forests is, in all schools,
an important feature in the regular course. The
rules governing’ admission are very strict.
Wither a certificate of graduation from a respon-
sible institution or other evidence of efficiency
is always required ; and in the service of the
state certain conditions as to age, nativity, etc.,
must be complied with. The object is to give
such instruction as is needed in the planting
and care of forests. The course of study em-
braces whatever will be of use for such a pur-
pose. It includes the natural sciences, and the
numerous details of administration required,
Its usual resulé isto impress the student with
the responsibilities of his work and develop a
habit of close observation.

One of the oldest and best schools of forestry
in Europe in at Nancy, France, and to it the
department of Muerthe, of which Nancy is the
eapital, owes much of its rare rurall beauty. The
school is liberally supported, and is’ fully sup-
plied with cabinets, museums, apparatus, and
appliances of every sort, To those who prepare
for state forest service instruction is free. The
importance of this service may be inferred from
the fact that the state forests cover an area of
nearly 3,000,000 acres, with a gross revenue of
nearly $7,000,000, and aa net revenue over all
expenses of over $5,000,000. The total expense
for board, lodging, uniform, instruments and
pocket money is between $400 and $500 a year,
Foreign students are admitted, with a moderate
special charge. The English government usually
has several students at Nancy training for
forest service in India.

The course of study occupies three years,
Every student is required to devote 1,500 hours
to study each half year. Lectures are delivered
on the exploitation of forests ; relation of forests
to climate ; natural history of different kinds of
trees; management of forests; conversion of
one form of forests into another; desirable
qualities and defects of woods, ete. A large
number of lectures of an hour and a half each,
and the same amount of time allotted for pre-
paration of the topic of the lecture, are devoted
to botany and mathematics. There are also
lectures and lessons in road and bridge building,
in forest law, and in the German language,
together with some military instructions and
drill, and practice in horsemanship. During
the summer session, about a month is spent in
botanical and professional excursions in the
Vosges, the Jura and other mountains, in which
are visited forests in all stages of treatment and
exploitation, and where the students are re-
quired to practice in the mensuration of wood
and timber. Of all these observations and ex-
periments each student must prepare a report.

In addition to the branches enumerated in
the third year, attention is given to zoology,
especially to entomology, the ravages committed
by insects upon forests, the means of averting or
destroying them, and of recovering a forest
ravaged by them ; the fixation of sand dunes,
the reclamation of barren wastes, and ‘the re-

| tions of timber.
'forestry have been established in Austria, Italy,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

foresting of denuded mountains ; the geology

and mineralogy of the mountains of France,

mountain torrents, their causes and the means
of preventing them; the chemistry of vegeta-
tion and all that relates to the production and
assimilation of atmospherical and terrestrial

elements.

In Germany are found the oldest, the best
and, im some respects, the best
managed schools of forestry in the world. In
the latter part of the eighteenth century, occa-
sional lectures on forest science was given in the
Berlin University. As early as 1821 an academy

endowed,

for forest instruction wss established in Berlin,

but, on account of the absence of suitable for-
ests in the neighborhood of that city, it was, in
1830, removed to Neustadt Eberswalde, where
was abundance of forests, and the name changed
to the High Institution for Forest Science. The

course of study embraces chemistry, physics,
meteorology, mineralogy, geognosy, botany,
anatomy of plants, vegetable physiology and
pathology, microscopy, zoology, entomology,
geodesy, wood measuring, surveying, plan draw-

ing, public economy and finance, cultivation of

forests, forest improvements, forest botany,

| protection of forests, calculation of the value of
|forests and forest statistics, administration of
| forests, redemption of rights of usage, forest

history, civil law, criminal law, jurisprudence,
construction of roads, hunting and shooting.
There is connected with this school a drying
house for seecl, beds, and nurseries, specimens
of a great variety of trees for botanical study,
and a museum containing specimens of birds,
insects, and animals found in forests, all neatly
arranged in cases. Specimens of the branch,
leaf, bark, wood, or cone of trees damaged by
animals or insects, are exhibited side by side
with the same parts in a healthy state, in order
to teach the student to know at a glance the

Inature of any injury to a tree, and the animal,

bird, or insect causing it. Stuffed squirrels,

beavers, rats, and mice are so placed as to repre-

sent the same in nature, gnawing at the bark,
erubbing at the roots, etc.; and insects are
shown in the several stages of larvae, chrysalis,
caterpillar or moth, with all all their ramifica-
tions in the stems or branches of trees. Besides
these are specimen blocks of almost all descrip-
A number of other schools of

Spain, Portugal, Denmark, Sweden, Finland,

|and Russia.

The American people ought certainly to be
wise enough to profit by the sad experience of
other countries, and not only regulate the neces-
sary, and put a stop to the unnecessary, destruc
tion of their forests, but imitate their example
in endeavoring to restore them. This may be
accomplished in almost innumerable ways, if
only the people can be made to realize the
necessity for it, and a desire awakened to have
it done.—Northwestern Lumberman.

THE CATALPA.

A western paper believes that the railway tie
of the future will be of this wood. The Fort
Scott, Texas and Gulf railroad has planted 300
acres of young trees, and the Iron Mountain
railroad 100 acres, near Charleston, Mo. On the
roadbed of the latter company, ties of this wood
have lain in the muddy silt of the Mississippi
for 12 years, and are still in a good state of
preservation. They have outlasted two sets of
white oak ties, and bid fair to survive the
third. Fence posts in Indiana and THlinois are
now sound after having been in service 40, 50,
and even 75 years. In the muddy regions about
Cairo, where it is grown extensively, it is used
as corner stones for the most substantial build-
ing. It is of an elastic nature, but not so soft
and light as cottonwood. Dr. John A. Warder;
President of the American Forestry Association,
claims for the catalpa a durability and power of
resistance to the influences of the elements pos-
sessed by no other wood. It is found in the
Mississippi valley, and on the shores of the
tributaries of the great river. It bears a large,
white, highly-perfumed flower, and grows
rapidly.

Ask your druggist for a trial bottle of Burpock
Bioop Birrgrs, it will only cost you 10 cents, and a
few doses will proye its efficiency as a health restoring
Tonic-regulator of the Bowels, Liver and Kidneys. It
is a specific for all diseases arising frem jmpure blood
and disordered secretions, ‘

THE GROWTH OF TREES,

Trees, says Elizur Wright in an eastern
paper, record their own history. The stump
not only tells the age, but in what years the de-
parted grew vigorously and in what it did little
more than hold its own. I not long ago, in

Ohio, measured the stump of a sugar maple,

recently cut, and found it thirty inches in
In
the first sixty-three years, while it had stood in
the dense forest, it had acquired but nine inches

diameter. The tree had lived 125 years.

in diameter. After the forest was cut away,

and it was left with only a few scattering com-
panions, it soon assumed a superior rate of

growth, which it maintained till nearly the last,

so as to add twenty-one inches of diameter in
The rings averaged about

sixty-two years.
seventeen-hundredths of an inch in thickness,

whereas, in the first sixty-three years they had

averaged but seven-hundredths.

In Sweden it is ascertained that a forest of
mixed wood on medium soil grows about a cord
of wood a year on an acre of land. If much
more than a cord is removed from an acre in a
year, the production is reduced. But to keep
the production from diminishing, it makes all
the difference in the world what trees you take
away, whether you take those which are begin-
ning to decay, or those which are in the rapidest
It is only by the best judg-
ment in thinning out that the capital of growth
can be kept whole after a forest has become well

stage of growth.

established.

If we take two trees of the same species—say

an oak sapling that is four inches in diameter,
and sixteen years old, and twenty feet high,

and a tree that is twenty-four inches in diam-
eter, ninety-six years old and sixty feet high—a
little calculation will show us, supposing the
thickness of the rings now equal, that the sapling

is making 2.18 of a cubic foot of wood in a year,

while the tree is making 3.924 cubic feet in a
It will take between thirty-two and

year.
thirty-three such large trees on an acre to make

a cord of wood in a year ; and it will take about

590 of the saplings, of nearly four to the square

rod ; and it would take more than seventy to
be cut to make a cord, so that in so young a

forest a cord cannot be taken away without
trenching on the capital. It is not, in fact, till
a forest is made 100 years old that it can yield
so much as a cord an acre without trenching on
the capital of growth. But when it gets of that
age, if the right care is taken, the average cord
it yields is much more valuable than mere fire-
wood. The larger and more perfect the sound
tree the more valuable per eubic foot.

The forest I have supposed, consisting of

thirty-two two-foot trees to the acre, would
make only between forty and fifty cords of wood
to the acre, if all cut at once. But that would

be a destruction of capital which it would take
nearly 100 years to restore ; a capital which, if

kept up by replacing every tree cut, will con-

tinue forever to yield a net profit of $10,000 per

acre yearly.

A forest, not to be ruined must be managed
very much as death manages the human race.
Trees must not be taken out faster than they
spring up, nor all of one age or sex ; only those
that are ripe, sickly, and in the way. By
adapting the species to the soil, even the poorest
soils will yield immense returns. The rocky
hills of Massachusetts, which will not grow
very large oaks or walnuts, will cover them-
selves with enormous pines and hemlocks, if
they have an opportunity. As evergreens do
not, like other trees, perpetuate themselves by
sprouts from the stumps, when a forest of them
is slaughtered by the axe, their tender seedlings
are prevented from replacing them by the sun,
frost and cattle ; while the hardier seedling of
the deciduous woods—such as birch, maple and
ash, and the sprouts of such oaks and hickories
as may have been mixed with the evergreens—
have a better chance, and thus take the place of
the resinous woods on a soil not so well adapted
to them. With a little judicious care and fore-
thought, a wood of scrubby oak or hop-pole
hickory may be converted into a glorious pinery,
yielding masts for navies. But, as the individual
man has, on the average, a life shorter than that
of a tree, it requires the state, which does not
die, to do this.

The Middlesex Fells is a tract of nearly 4,000
acres within six or seven miles of Boston, of

which more than 3,000 consist of rocky
blue-gravel hills, once covered with lofty pines
and hemlocks, nearly all of which have given
place to oaks and hickories, living lives of semi-
starvation and devastation by frequent for
fires. There are about 140 proprietors,
at an aggregate sum between $200,000 and $300,-
000, and deriving an income from the fuel of a
good deal less than one per cent. over the taxes. —
And this is taking annually more than is re-
placed ; so that the tract, in spite of its woody
green foliage in summer and rainbow tints in
autumn, is growing every year more desolate.
It has been proposed that the citizens of the
towns within whose territory this mostly ur
occupied tract lies, and others interested
forest culture, should purchase this tract and
give it to the state for the purpose of inaugurat-
ing a scientific and common-sense system of care
for the trees. Should this be done, plainly,
100 years from now the state might be pavihd
from this tract alone a revenue of $30,000 a
year, while it would be a source of health and
recreation quite beyond the power of money to
measure.— Northwestern Lumberman.

WEIR MEASUREMENTS.

Within the past few years much has been said
and written for and against the reliability of
measurements of water flowing over weirs ; this
has arisen through the great diversity of results
obtained by different persons, who have used
the same formula for computation of data.
Turbines of almost every make, tested by their
builders, have seemingly given highly useful
effects ; while in actual use some of them have
not proved economical in the use of water.
This has had a tendency to discredit weir
measurements, but unjustly so, as may readily
be explained, for the matter is one of great sim-
plicity, notwithstanding the complications
thrown around it by those who have supposed a
long array of decimals denote profundity and
accuracy. Any weir under exactly the same
conditions will repeat results invariably ; but a
formula based upon certain conditions, will not
give correct results if those conditions are
changed. All brooks and rivers vary much in
width and depth, yet the same water flows
through the narrow as well as the wide places,
the velocity, of course, varying with the cross
section of the stream. The velocity, however,
does not cease immediately upon entering a
wider or deeper part, but continues until the
momentum is lost, and the general level attain-
ed ; this of itself would prove the necessity of
placing a weir at a considerable distance from
the discharge of a higher head. The Francis
formula is based upon the natural flow of the
water, which for a depth of one foot over a weir
is about three feet four inches per second ; and
it must be evident that such formula is entirely
inapplicable where the velocity is four or five
feet per second, as it may be if the weir is
placed close to the discharge of a poor turbine,
where the water leaves the wheel with half the
velocity due the head ; or where a cross section
of pit or stream approaches the weir is but little
greater than the capacity of the weir itself. It
is plain that under such conditions the velocity
will vary according to the useful effect of the
wheel, and equally plain that no reliable cor-
rection for velocity can be applied. Had this
been considered, much trouble and expense
might have been saved the past twenty-five
years ; for it is not likely any builder would
have knowingly continued the manufacture of
forty per cent. turbines. The cross section of a
pit or stream, up stream from a weir, should be
at least five times the cross section of the stream
flowing over it; and for a discharge of two
thousand cubic feet per minute, the weir should
be fifty feet from the discharge of the turbine or
opening into pit. Racks should never be used,
as they obstruct and raise the water so that it
passes through with renewed velocity. If there
is a horizontal discharge towards the weir, check
the current by zig-zag breakwaters. For measur-
ing the flow of a river the weir or dam cannot
be too large ; but it may be for measuring the
discharge from a mill where a governor is used,
as the varying discharge, caused by adding or

throwing off machinery, may prevent accuracy

if too much time is required for the water to
nd its "proper level.— James Emerson,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. y

E. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT
Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope.

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood

Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.
BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER.

J. K. POST & CO.
LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.

Ss wWviGoO, N. Y-

1L12-1yv

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.
b26

White Oak and Ash

LUMBER WANTED.

ADDRESS

YATES AND STRATFORD,

b BRANTFORD. 15

New Files Old Files

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

Manufactured | == RECUT
_ from the BEST BY HAND, and
English Cast [ EQUAL TO
_ Steel and War- iT] NEW FOR USE
ranted equal —
to the Best Im- PREECE LIST
ported File. Op) on application.

THOS. GRAHAM, Manufacturer,

35 Sherbourne St., Toronto. 6u11

To Lumbermen.
The Subscriber makes to order all kinds of

TENTS,

Hammocks, Tarpaulins, Waggon
and. Horse Covers,

ipnet dealer in all kinds of OIL SKIN
lothing, Nets and Seine Twines.

An is a Agent for the best makes of AMERICAN
COTTON DUCKS in all widths.

J. LECKIE,

46 Front Street E., TORONTO.

6112

M. BRENNEN,

MANUFACTURER AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Lumber, Lath and Shingles,

63, 65 and 67 King William Street,
HAMILTON, onNT

MILLS AND TIMBER LIMITS an SILVER
CREEK. TIAGO P. O., ON’

Bill Stuff cut from 10 t 10 to 60 feet.
Posts on hand.

Orders sent to M. BRENNEN, Tiago, P. 0O., will
receive prompt attention b15

WANTED

A COMPETENT MAN, with thorough knowledge of
Tram saa p: to go to Jamaica, to take charge of the
laying and keeping in order the rails and road bed of a
ten dey } — reverts Soe and Pes not employed to make

rpg @ first-class competent

maa go mis wie stevences a salary expected,

The Waterous Engine Works Co.,
412 Brantford, Canada.

Cedar

L11

Commission

FORWARDERS,

PORT HOPE.
SAW GUIDE!

Self Oiling—Ready Adjusting.

1

iis J

G. W. Rodebaugh’s patent Saw Guide will recommend

itself to ev ery practical sawer. All that is required is

a trial.

No heating Trial

free of charge.

of Saws. No danger in setting.
fiz The whole complete only $25.
Manufactured in Canada by

KERR BROS., Walkerville, Ont.

who may be applied to for further particulars; or
address :

G. W. RODEBAUGH & CoO.,

bli WINDSOR, ONT

WITH THE TOMLINSON

ee a)

BARREL MACHINE

One man and two boys can turn out

One Hundred and Fifty First-class
Flour Barrels in Ten Hours,

made from veneered wood of two thicknesses. The
inside is one solid sheet of veneer running around the
barrel, making in reality one hoop from top to bottom,
and in the outside thickness the grain is reversed, run-
ning up and down, finished with five hoops two inches
wide, reversed again, making the barrel almost three
thicknesses, which gives the package superior strength,
tightness and durability over the ordinary hand-made
flour barrels, yet with all its many advantages cost less
than the old style of package. My barrel machine is
arranged to make all sized packages froma large barrel
down to small nail kegs, butter packages and cheese
boxes. Iam open to prove at any time the superior
a i of my barrel. That one willstand more hard-
by any actual test than one hundred of the old
Pe inary flour barrels. County rights for sale, and all
intemmation given by applying to

JAMES TOMLINSON, Patentee,

113 KING ST. EAST, TORONTO. bl5

IRWIN & BOYD

Lumber Dealers,

"| ShippingsGeneral Agents

MONA IRON WORKS

een Th PON , OMT

J. H. KILLEY & CO

Manufacturers of Economical, Variable, Cut-off, High Pressure, and

Condensing Hngines

Patent Circulating and Self-Cleansing Boilers, Improved Feed Water Heaters and
Patent Steam Blast Apparatus for Improving Draft and Economizing Fuel,

First-class Grist & Saw Mill Engines and Machinery
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS and STONE BREAKERS.

6L12

\

Ne
as Kg ie

sedi fat I
Te Gist GN)

FOR READY. MADE CLOTHING

Wh
Hl \}
i |

This House stands at the head, having manufactured Clothing in Toronto for over Forty Years,
and always gave Satisfaction to customers.

72S-THEY IMPORT THEIR OWN WOOLLENS
FROM EUROPE, and Manufacture the Clothing on the premises.

GENTS’ ALL WOOL SUITS, $7.50, $9.00 and $12.00
GENTS’ FINE WORSTED SUITS, $11.75, $15.00 and $18.00
GENTS’ SHIRTS, UNDERCLOTHING, TIES and GLOVES

R. WALKER & SONS,

GOLDEN LION, KING STREET, TORONTO.

bl19

WHITH'S CANADA STANDARD

MANUFACTURED AT

The Canada Scale Works !

i These Scales are Manufactured of the Very
, Best Material, and warranted to give satisfac-
2 tion. Send for Prices and Testimonials.

JAMES C. WHITE & CO.
102 Adelaide St, East, Toronto

10

Atarket Aeports,

Montreal.
Ash, 1 to 4-in, @M...........» GoondantA no $15 00@17 00
“* square YM aetetoreictsraels sanODaD vesese. 22 00@25 00
Basswood, § =n, @ M.......08 erates iets is atterate 13 00@15 00
Usthnege 8s Miooane 40 hein . 14 00@17 00
Black walnut, “culls, ADAM netets tats isieiar) see. 55 00@60 00
2nd quality, panes opeteteteray ener 85 00@90 00
sf Sti ace Y Litmithateresstetate 100 00@105 00

seeee 0 09@O 12
+» 0 08@ 0 10
0 10@ 0 12

Cedar, round,. Pf. BAO Cs, HOOT too
flat,

«square.

Grey Ben Ist quality, e M .. 22 00@27 00
Rock ‘‘ . . 85 00@40 02
Spruce, 1 to 3 in., i lak . 8 00@ 9 00
<* square, 02) Bethidecacsor no0dts 12 00@14 00
Redioakks PM oii. ecw eters cieicieniuiniisivieisies « 35 00@40 CO
Pine, clear, 1st quality, Gi Mpaeano maaan 35 00@45 00
Qn gS eeyeinetersiesaze +s, 21 00@27 00

se 3rd oC epee ala 0O@ lS 00

——__o—
Chicago.

Curcaco, May 4th, 1881.—The cargo market
opened firmly, as the Lumberman predicted it
would. Within the last week a considerable
number of cargoes have reached the Franklin
street docks, and all of them have been placed
at prices that may, without exaggeration, be
called good. There has been but little variation
as yet in the figures. Green piece stuff of good
quality has brought $10.25 without difficulty,
the poorer grades ranging as low as $9.75. Com-
mon inch has sold at $10.50@11, and the sale of
one cargo of a better sort is reported at $16.25,
No really choice stock has yet come to the mar-
ket, so that a quotation of it cannot be made.
Shingles open very firm, the standards at $2.40
@2,50, and extra A’s at $2.60@2.70. Only one
cargo of lath has atrived. It was not of fair
quality, and the price received for it—$1.75—

cannot be said to fix their market value.
CARGO QUOTATIONS ¢

Joist and scantling, BICC» veers seers -§ 9 75@10 25
Mill run, mredium; 9 **) vere. es vee. 12 00@16 00
Mill run, common, Ce Oe oIntad .. 10 50@11 00
Shingles, standard........ 2 40@2 50
Shingles, extra A..... .. 2 60@2 70
lbRWNe hdeotacbesopDoobbOGnaneo tboUUd in) Lab @Zi00:

Receipts and shipments of lumber and

shingles from January Ist to and including
May 3rd :—

Receipts. Shipments.
Tamer. eS avo Lumber. Shingles.
1581...110,499,000 62,582,000 176,252,000 30,279,000
1180. . .138,461,000 78,810,000 169,129,000 30,313,900

Some of the yards are having all the business
they can do, but the general report is that trade
is not as active as it might be.

In certain directions there is a very stubborn
feeling against the high prices of the cargo
market. It is asserted by a portion of the
dealers that if the opening prices are sustained
it will be an exception in the history of the
trade, and they do not propose to swap much of
their money for lumber at present prices. They
do not want piece stuff at more than $8.50, and
some of them at $8. That they will be able to
buy it at such figures they feel confident, while
others feel as confident that the opening prices
are as low as any that will be seen this season,
and believe that their erring brethren will regret
their procrastination.

Regarding shingles there seems to be but one
opinion outside of the men who are interested
in their manufacture, and that is that they
ought to sell for less money. Some of the
dealers whose yards have not a shingle in them
are getting along by borrowing and buying
from their neighbors, and swear by an uplifted
hand that they will continue so to do for a while
before they will lay in anything of a stock at
present cargo rates. The market is pretty
clean of standards, and it will require heavy
arrivals to make a full stock.

Most of the stock sold has been that wintered
over at the mills, which is called dry in some
cases and partly dry in others, depending on its
condition. Dry lumber generally ranges about
$1 above green, though a smaller difference is
made on some consignments whose condition is
not much better, so far as seasoning goes, than
that of stock fresh from the saw. A good many
mills are running now, and it is thought that
another week will bring to the market a fleet
that will afford a better test of the temper of
buyers and sellers than any received up to this
time.

The Lumberman is obliged to admit that the
feeling among the frequenters of the wholesale
market is difficult to describe. The sellers talk
firmly enough, and profess to believe the situa-
tion and outlook of trade warrants the expecta-

THE CANADA

tion that prices will be maintained ; but on the
other hand some of the buyers, at least, are
holding off, hoping that they will be able to
secure what they want at lower figures. ‘They
characterize the present prices as exorbitant,
and declare themselves unable to figure out any
way in which the lumber can be handled through
the yards without netting them a loss, One
dealer informed us that though he had a num-
ber of men under pay, with nothing to do, he
thought it the better plan to let them stand idle
than to give them lumber to shove at present
prices. Our readers will observe from this that
there are two opinions about the future, and
that it is not by any means certain which is the
correct one.—Northwestern Lumerman.
STOCK ON HAND MARCH 1.

1881. 1880, 1879.
iWibheal ofc) 0) SanAapodS 322,491,234 268,452,591 234,106,246
Shingles.......... 125,648,264 113,593,000 129,180,000
WEAR BO Sor aac iG 33,388,899 30,126,770 24,587,479
Prcketd 50 - AN, 08 1,589,064 849,238 376,299
Cedar posts......- 79,887 47,797 306,544
Hardwood....... « LL{OOO;O0D, 27 cisieunievinj atl» oseinteie ain

YARD QUOTATIONS—CAR LOTS—DRY.
FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH.

Ist, .2dclear, 1; Dy and TA Iss. aie os ciee ene pee e eh 00)
SG) VOL CLEAN URE vole auavele’e'cleis 6 nigel rie/o¥e rireietois' ev 45 00
Ist and 2d clear, 8 im...2. «2... On. Auoor .doggocp 50 00
3d clear, 1}, 14 /and 2in..........00 Signe ia ie ee 38 00
7 and 8 inch clear.. ...+ JGo0000no O00bh -cuccrnr 382 00
Select aan jes Vane dere rctaetateleis\egieletsinis Bete ARBRE Eon 32 00
MCLOCE EN speleleta Ae riots lo aic\o\s Pion ican sTointo{n)aja\eietala wine 22 60

A S2sIMewoeeterttats s/ete}ate aisle die/a'eieieleee lie ’<teaiohe eles 26 00

HiaNGi Sine B cei ives atoiese Mi ilals pieletvlep rele Wc 26 00
Clear and Select 2x4..0....ccc0ssscccceccceevess 28 00

QxGlanGs2xSiteaty (icteteio) Bletelers SACI DO ASS 32 00

All one length $1 extra.
WAGGON-BOX STUFF.

Br AN! Wp). AL ele learns ove «leielsielele)ele/alelelelvisisis wel leles 343 00
4-in. and up. B..... nferela!#\ojsYololesofeals lawn sYalsiliiale(araver 37 00
14-in. and up. C..... Osapragode Ricleiele (ele efeiaietoiaie 28 00

Wena bondoonoonconc Dielvle le civielesscie cea ese 17 00

All 14 feet $2 extra.
STOCK BOARDS.

T2in. Ay A 2tOnL6 tte... micletas enlerls secceseccees.-gar OO
12m Bete eee B
Dirt Crstevetecolesalsyfete/a tated niatstath/ofelloyalele eitein|abeevaye si etnias
12 in. D, 12, 14 and 16 ft.
12 in. D, 18 ft
12 in., 20 ft
LOM PAN eet en
LOM Sir.
LOVin wy Cave: « apeirtetrteteie net einy cata eale 9/0 soeee 2h 00

COMMON BOARDS—ROUGH.

Common boards, 1
1O0-and\Q0ift ey. tee sin wos ‘

Culls, all lengths. .
1} and 14 com......

TIMBER AND DIMENSION-——DRY.

Small timber, 18 ft. and under.............ss00: $12
12, 14, 16 and 18 ft. joist....... a'syele(e NIN siv sis aware
2x4, 10 and 20 ft
BxAS The awime cc's
20 feet....

28 feet sreeseees «
30 feet
2 in. eull plank, all w vidths
2x4 culls, all lengths............% Nei ewes, hy O

SHINGLES—16-INCH—DRY—CAR LOTS.

90
50

Standard A........0c008 pains stint easton Wath wana 2
Gedbx Shin G les: .\.\.\. siseleteis oe ols oie swase ce Tniee $2 00@2

Ends of ears and less than car load lots, five cents per

thousand extra, The shingles handled in the Chicago
market are all 16-inch.

PICKETS—LATH.
Flat, select and clear, d. and h.........0e000+0+-920 00
Square, d, and ¥
Flat, rough, good...
Flat, rough, common

Dry lath.....0......0005
Sawed 4 of 64 i
Bhan
aad
+ 8
+ 8 7
4 9,10, 11 and 12
» round, ‘full length Fe nein fuss hiade exes
6 “ce «
7 “
ey iY Ce ERS efeierasn \bvezs cle de eirislete nie 30 00
10 feet, per pooh jean elie wie leis ale elelue eg eon ead - 600
12
4 « «“
16 oe ve
20) ce Taiaup § Bighveeue MbTaIo cls: cle's ea eheietentete 16 00
—_—_———__——————-
Oswego, N.Y.
MOCO TUPPESLS: sieieicisnie/s\einis s[eiaitinictsnie SUR $42 00@45 00
PICKING R wecretepis ot even | elo ctuisieieanateine ++» 32 00@35 00
IEUNO WM COMMOM ers cleiccusteincieleuate cere weeecee 20 00@25 00
WOOMIMON Pareiceicic celle incertae Sinlaisicrers ceils +. 14 00@16 00
Lent eaigoorn Mapiectecettetceeneemiereee +e 12 00@14 00
Nid Bark el) Pe can teed Ge IAOGLIG AL OD goon 16 00@20 00
Sidings, selected, 1 inch. 30 00@33 00
1} inch 39 00@38 00
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 ft..... nis wiles 16 00@29 00
BaleUbedl ccetnchetc. ames eescess 20 00@25 00
BEAD WOYS cartier co eenieetes m See iste 15 00@16 00

Mill run, 1 and 1} inch oe
Culls, selected See :

- 15 00@I18 00
. 22 00@30 00
- 11 00@13 00

1x6 selected for clapboards.... sees. 24 00@35 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, pine...... ...... 3 50@ 3 75

XXX, 18 inch, cedar.... . 8 00@ 3 50
THRU cee eres Vieceislesefare cele els Wiel e eRe 1 50@ 1 75

THEY ALL po 1t,—Everybody uses ‘‘TRABERRY” for
the teeth and breath, the newest, brightest, cosiest
little toilet gem extant. Try a6 cent sample.

LUMBERMAN.

Albany.

The Albany Argus says a fair business is
reported for the past week. The stock wintered,
notwithstanding the steady demand, shows a
good assortment on hand, and this being at
present the acknowledged low priced market,
the wonder is that it has not been more
thoroughly reduced. However, the temptations
which low prices offer to the buyer may, pos-

-Sibly, before the opening of the canal on the

17th inst., lessen materially what is on hand.

The complaint is becoming daily more general
among the lumber merchants here that they
cannot bring lumber from points of supply and
realize any profit out of the transaction at to-
day’s quotations, the price asked by the manu-
facturer and the price baid by the buyer being
too close, leaving no margin for the distributor.

The determined attitude of the Michigan and
Canadian manufacturer to get his price for his
lumber, together with the unquestioned cer-
tainty of very high lake freights should demon.
strate beyond a doubt that much higher prices
must prevail; and it is noticeable that those who
thirty days ago proclaimed their opinion as
otherwise, now seriously acknowledge the im-
portance of an immediate advance; and the
sooner the fact is recognized that the manufac-
turer’s cry is ‘* no surrender ”—and he means it
—the sooner will the business of the Albany
Lumber Market assume its proper commercial
tone. The purchases made in the fall of 1879
were favorable to the buyer, and those made in
1880 on alargely increased price founded the
prosperous results of last season; but the stock
coming into market this year has no such talis-
man to help it out.

Stocks of spruce and hemlock are very light ;
receipts are taken as fast as they arrive by rail.
Mills on the North River are all shut down on
account of high water. The lakes on the Upper
Hudson are still full of ice. The recent loss by
fire of the Bloomingdale Moree mill will reduce
the supply from that source considerably.

River freights are :—

To New York, @ M ft.....0-s pees»: ov -me $ @1 00
To Bridgeport....... - @1 374
To New “Hay en. @1 374
To Providence, port.... 2 00@2 25
THO PENVUNGROBs cin 1.0.0 sbis.ce sxicloh pices wlamivice 2 25@2 50
Wo NOK. ».<.u cece weeeces leh akiceaneee . 1 25@1 30
Wo FlaxtfOrd ie 6 ais seein ahiee ils eyeeons @2 00
To: NOXWICH: vis pe oti viwndvevececcu cep ans @2 00
To Middletown.......+++ Seencchaceh ve @1 75
To: N6W LOGON: . a0 pccksies vs Mrentant sekens @1 75
To Philadelphia... ics.vres sce ccs eee een he @2 00
Quotations at the yards are as follows :—
Bing, clear! 40 MM. wows | ica cae hisninwtneas ct $50 00@60 00
BinG, LOULths ss <a seis SCc os are web wine ees « 45 00@55 00
Rivie; ‘selectevc. ci casmecureeee 40 00@50 00
Eine, POOR POS. ss on. sans abutters ieee 17 00@28 00
BiniG; COMMON DOK +11 5,00 vacua eo 14 00@17 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, eath.... c.ideeususe 00 38@00 42
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, each....... «eee 00 20@00 22
Bine hoards; 10-n)..:..5 <2. eskboacse seve. 25 00@27 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, culls. ..-...s0....+0-% 17 00@18 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., @M.......... 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16 ft.............<.0s 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 13 ft... ++. 26 00@28 00
Pine, 1} in. siding, select... . . 38 obk@40 00
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common. - 15 00@18 00
Pine, l-in. siding, select........+........ 38 00@40 00
Pine, inch siding, common.... .........- 15 00@18 00
Shingles, shaved, pine a set ea ses se une dee 6 00@00 00
Sndcqnality. cc: sseiensicn amaeete ‘ 50@00 00
re extra, sawed, pine 4 20@04 25
ss clear, 3 25@00 00
se cedar, MIRGA se. swe. «65 Peaeae 2 75@ 3 00
————_—__—_—-
New York,
The Real Estate Record says that on
the wholesale market everything appears

to be in very good shape and the expressions
generally are cheerful and confident, the few
grumblers previously referred to merely serving
as a shading pictur® Consumption on local
account is daily increasing and there is quite a
little few of out-of-town orders from parties
who have a trade on special lines of stock, but
cannot use a general assortment to advantage.
They therefore find it more to their advantage
to select here than to take full cargoes, ete,, and
saddle themselves with a large percentage of
unsaleable rejections. The pressure of supplies
seeking a market here has also been pretty well
received wherever it existed and receivers mani-
fest a more determined spirit in resisting at-
tempts to foree down values. From primary
points the advices indicate pretty good supplies
of nearly all the leading descriptions of stock,
but orders also plenti‘ul and in surplus probably
for some time to come.

Spruce of desirable and attractive quality has

‘a pretty steady position and the feeling among

sellers is comparatively cheerful, Dealers
still have their piers pretty well filled with re-

cent receipts, and in the ‘mall Cass
would be difficult to attract I
number of buyers failed to “ get in
break and are now a little anxious tox
Receivers think it would be a very ;
not to command $14.00 ¥ M, and on ey :
$16@17.00 are asked with extra difficult at §
uM. a
White pine shows very little change of
cided character. Prices generally very
supplies indifferently offered. We que
19 7 M for West India shipping boards ;
@26 for South Americal do.; $16@16.50
board ; $17@17.50 for do. wide and sound ¢
Yellow pine remains in the same fin
well supported position before noted
selling interest generally is confident
quote random cargoes at about $23.50@
M ; ordered cargoes, $26@27.75 do. reen f
ing boards, $24@26 do.; and ‘any abe oO.
@27. Cargoes at the South, S15@19 per
rough, and $20@24 for dressed. col
Shingles reported about as before, the de
proving fair on most regular outlets at as tead
line of values and no serious a
stock offering. We quote pine
$4 for 18-inch, and Eastern saw
@A.50 for 16-inch, as to quality and to qu
Machine dressed cedar shingles q
lows: For 30-inch, $16@22.25 for A and $28.;
@33.35 for No. 1; for 24-inch, $16.50@16 for A
and $16.75@23 for No, 15 for 20-inch, $5@10.50
for A and $11.25@11.75 for No. 1.
—+-—__—_.
Boston. 5* cVEE
The demand continues to grow daily, nd
sellers are confident and are preparing for
large business. Dealers are putting their ol
tractive grades in shape for the rush which i
anticipated, and the small local yards are be + ir

ning to bestir themselves in a rep! rere sr +- fi
The mills are very busy getting }
for the market. In fact, case

over driven, as they are ——. ex-
tending into the fall months. ~All “Classes to)

stock are being more firmly
nicer grades. Hard woods are t for
and find a ready market: ‘To use the expre

of a prominent dealer, they are ar to 1 Se
themselves as soon as they show up, Buyers,
although taking hold pretty well, still. evince
desire in some case to talk down prices, but
dealers are firm and will probably continue so
as Jong at least as the demand remains sufficier
to keep accumulations within reasmabte bounds
The movement in western pi
during the week, and eastern d con:
siderable activity. Prices ae as before. —
Journal of Commerce.

—S ee
Bay City.
The Lumberman’s Gazette of May Sth says -—
The market has been more active the past week,
and large amount of lumber has changed hands,
one party reporting sales amounting to six
million feet. Numerous other sales are reported —
and the entire sales would a hanc
some figure. Nearly ali has eo dire ma
rates, although sales of ordinary stock ime
been made at $6.50, $13 and $30, which is.some-
what under the market—$7.50, $15 and §35
being the figures for good stock. At these
figures the most of the steck sold the past v
has changed hands. There is a “Topo
among some holders of course stock to accept
$6.50, $13 and $30 as the ruling rates.
Navigation is fairly open and a good deal ¢
lumber has been shipped—perhaps 10,000,0¢
feet. All the barges on the river are loadin
and will, no doubt, be actively
the season. Freight rates at present are $3@
$3.25 to Buffalo and ected + > 2.506
$2.75 to Chicago and Ohio ports, igs utsid
figures being from the up-river ports.
Shingles are in active request at $1.90
for clear butts, and $2.90@$3.25 for XXX. 1
mills are starting up, and the supply ;
more liberal in thenear future
heer ibaa all in operation at

em plovedc

1]

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

Glasgow.
The Vimber Trades Journal of April 16th
says: The imports to note during last week are
one cargo of pitch pine timber and parcels of

well supplied with logs. An offer of $9 per M
for 6,000,000 feet of pine logs was refused on
Friday, which shows the prevailing confidence

in the future of the market.
General quotations here are :—

Shipping culls...........--+ selonieaivie/sep eet 0.1 (@) Sn 00:

Common........ is Bae nip velaioais bis aetstese 13 50@18 00

Three upperS......--se.s+0+ Date cecerere 32 00@38 00
—_—_—____——_—_

, St. Louis.

The chief interest is centered about the acces-
sible supply of dry lumber which is, all told, but
limited, and the comparatively little in market
is not nearly all available. Fully 45,000,000
feet are tied up by the floods, and large quanti-
ties besides are endangered by the still rising
waters. In East St. Louis a large number of
car loads are standing inaccessible; the rail-
ways being submerged, and the cars unap-
proachable by the ferryboats.

——__@____—___
Buffalo.
We quote cargo lots:

Uppers........-. Eo qph saamnoee seseeeees $35 00@40 00
QMO TBE hats 0 cke Rielaln'e/sla(e clsielols «/aiale'e a 16 00@19 00
BROMO tiaisianidis’sieic,s.c/c caves vege cas 11 00@12 00
Dressing stocks............. wiwislelw.cla/ae(sle'& 18 00@20 00
Dressing sidings, <....5...-+......00-.- 17 00@19 00

————6S—___—_—

Tonawanda.

CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION,
Three uppers......0s.0000 ets state"rta nfo s $38 00@40 00
MCOMMIN ONS eels dete alae Sateen ices) pais aces 17 50@19 50

ss eee iene esses BENS Wasi 15 00@17 00
os
London,

The Timber Trades Journal of April 16th
says :—Buyers in London, who look to the sales
only, are not supposed to trouble their heads
about what goes on abroad. Whenever their
business takes them through. the docks they
generally find them pretty full of all descrip-
tions, and it matters little to them what fine
plans the Swedes have for augmenting the sup-
plies by further developing the resources of
their country. They can rely pretty safely
under any circumstances on London never run-
ning short of anything, and the same post that
gives them the information that stocks abroad
are short brings them a voluminous catalogue
offering almost every description of timber and
deals in suitable parcels which they can pretty
safely rely on obtaining far cheaper than they
could import. It is hard, therefore, to convince
them that prices will improve as stocks dim-
inish, while cargo after cargo that arrives is put
up under the hammer that seldom leaves enough
to the seller to cover the cost and freight.

It is true, nevertheless, that some classes of
goods hold their own pretty well. The stocks
of flooring at the close of the shipping season
were heavily in’excess of any previous year, and
if a great come-down were likely, these were the
goods upon which the effect would be most
severely felt, but the demand has been excep-
tionally strong for this class of wood throughout
the dead season ; consequently the spring prices
are holding up—in fact, in most of the Euro-
pean stocks values seem steady to what they
were in the spring of 1878.

— ~~» —___
Liverpool.

The Timber Trades Journal of April 16th
says :—It is gratifying to be able to report that
more business is being done than has been the
case for such a long time past that we hope this
improvement will be permanent, seeing that
with the change of weather builders will now be
able to proceed vigorously with their contracts.

At the same time there is plenty of room for
a better demand, for the present rate of con-
sumption makes but little impression upon our
heavy stocks. It will be noticed from the stock
list given last week that we have nearly double
the quantity of yellow pine on hand compared
with this time last year, or nearly twelve
months’ consumption at the rate of last March,
and of pine deals we have also an excessive
stock for the time of year ; this, however, 1s not
4 great drawback, as these goods are growing in
favor with consumers from year to year,
although it, of course, lessens the demand for
log timber.

————— ny

Dvsrrrsis.—Strenthen your digestion—tone the
stomach for utilizing and assimilating every atom of
food you take; the body needs it for strength and
vigor. both the entire system, stimulates

7 your r, and able to eat ten-penny
nails, Lettere and postal cards come in daily, telling
of cures and help frem Zopesd, trom Brazil. Positive
proof A the health and vigor it gives in a ten cent
sample, Ask your druggist.

staves and walnut, &c.

One public sale has been held, result of which

is detailed below.

Apart from inferences which may fairly be
drawn from the auction sales, it is at the same

time to be borne in mind that important con-

sumers, a good many being ship-boilder, buy as

arule privately. In this way large quantities,

especially of pitch pine, have been going into
The quarter’s consumption of

consumption.
Quebee Yellow pine timber has been large, say
5,800 loads, but of waney boardwood and of red
pine the amount consumed has been compara-

tively small. Of oal@§and birch timber the
quarter’s meee RN to 2,500 loads
and 460 loads respectively, of Quebec staves,
pipe and puncheon, 80 mille.
AUCTION SALE.
On the 12th of Apmil, at Port Glasgow,

Messrs. Hunter, Sheriff & Co., brokers :—
Quebec waney boardwood, 65 ce. ft. av. per log, 2s. 6d.
ce. ft

Do., 48 c. ft. av. per log, 2s. 33d. c. ft.

Do., prime square boardwood, 45 c. ft. av. per log, 2s.
3d, ¢, ft.

Do., yellow pine deck-wood, 70 c. ft. av. per log, 1s.
10d. c. ft.

Do. beam fillings, 26 c. ft. av. per log, 1s. 24d. c, ft.

Do. red pine, 35 ec. ft. av. per log, 1s. 63d. c. ft.

Do., 30 c. ft. av. per log, 1s. 64d. c. ft.

Do. red oak, 35 ec. ft. av. per log, Is. 2d. c. ft.

Do. white oak, 58 c. ft. av. per log, 2s. 5d. c. ft.

Sawn pitch pine, 55 pieces, 500 ft., 1s. 3jd. c. ft,

Quebee 1st yellow pine deals—

12ft.11x3 2s. per cub. ft.
Ue 7/233 28. 2d. iG
TZS hoe iol, 2S: ff
Do. 3rd— Tent LEX sad oO
14 7/18x3 Is. 13d. Gs
LCR ISCoy dso id sf
ated OF (Al <8} alee aKa CG
Pitch pine planks, 10 to 25 ft. 9/14«3, 1s. 23d. “‘
ee
Letth.

Messrs. Brownlee & Co. held a sale on Tues-
day in Springfield street, of American timber,
deals, battens, ete. There was a fair attend-
anee, but buyers seemed to confine themselves
to small purchases. The square yellow pine,
which was of fine quality, fetched very good
prices, ranging from 2s. 23d. to 2s. 9d., the
average being about 2s. 63d. Quebec birch was
not in demand ; indeed nothing else was to be
expected, seeing the large quantities that have
been thrown on the market at late sales held
here, though the descriptions previously offered
were of inferior quality. The following is a
note of prices realized :—Square yellow pine,
2s. 2bd. to 2s. 9d. per cubic ft. Ash, 2s. 4d. to
2s. 9d. per cubic ft. American red pine, 19d.
per cubic ft. First yellow pine deals, 2s. 9d.
per cubic ft. Third yellow pine deals, 134d.
per cubic ft. ; 9x4 red deals, 3d. per lin. ft.; 64
white battens 1 4-16d. per lin. ft.

—— >
Irish Markets.

Dusii.—The Irish Times says that there
has been a considerable increase in the demand
during the week, and there seems every prob-
ability that as the season advances there will be
a great revival in the timber trade. Prices,
however, have not altered, as stocks are at pre-
sent heavier than usual at this period of the

year. ‘The following are the latest quotations :
St. John and Miramichi deals.............. £14 10s@00
Ist Quebec deals.........-eesvevesedevveevess L19@22
2nd GM ereaietesneiacc pilelratarataia seees.--£14 108@15
8rd ito = & -nponcooses000bston Ou sdol0an £13 10s@00
4th do mistatstaisipleraiiste)«isvsisistsmiaisisirisieisieie\s\ekaiekele £13
Ist Pine’ deals. g-- cic. c0e omnes qoobbocbneD £40@50
2nd (eee ae Ae etiaiabidssiaes inal eeu @oT: LO
8rd do Beate stele sleteictat isl ains,«'s'sisisie'v, sjnlelcie eo 2O(@OO
White Norway flooring.............. Neisisleivisie oodeed 10s
ORR ie' a alntio 1s o)n\sid.oyey=in lt a\eoratare mitwioln\a 6 ale a\sin Siiereis ata efit 22Y/
VARNES ern oti sj nie solepolel oral vitieret aistaiots sioizinisjo“e « dovodunsobe 90s
BM... ce cecee “ag LO PAOONOG COHDBOAOTDO CON DGOONeE 90s
ESIBLN oso seater laale velo! > sta[aiseia’afaloints.etens ehd,s\ cba 8Ve°pie-s hes 85s@90
Red pine.. . .75s@80

Yellow pine. - -85s@100

Board pine....... peeeee
Pitch, Memel, full sized. .
do under sized..
Pipe staves........+- Mioielaivle) a etaeetin os ainda oaahay ys sO
—_———_—__—————_——

ZorEsaA.—A healthy man never thinks of his
stomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkable
compound for clensing and toning the system, for
assisting the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
properly perform their duties in assimilating food.
Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of
your druggist. A few doses will surprise you.

Se

For all purposes of a Family Medicine, HAGyARD’s
YeLLow O11 is at the head of the list. It is used with
unprecedented success, both internally and externally,
It cures Sore Throat, Burns, Scalds, Frost Bites, re-
lieves, and often cures Asthma,

Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and al! the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows:

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 21 x BW.

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with two ovens, each 16
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.
The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.

ApDAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove | have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.
ApAm HALu, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find

it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.

Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880.

A. Haut, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO, HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough,
KERR BROS.SUN CLOCK

PRACTICAL

FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS,

And MILLWRIGHTS.

Manufacturers of Marine and Horizontal
and Portable Engines, Boilers, Grain
Elevators and Steam Hoists, Saw and
Flour Mill Machinery,

with latest improvements, a specialty,

The Abel Edward’s Centennial Turbine
Water Wheel.

Rodebaugh’s Saw Frame, Mill Dogs and
Saw Guides.

Water-works, the latest’ and most
improved, made to Order.

Light and Heavy Brass and Iron Castings

Plans and Specifications on application.

The Walkerville Foundry

IF YOU WANT A GOOD RELIABLE

WATCH

At a REASONABLE PRICE, call at

DAVIS BROS.

130 Young Street, Toronto.

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., Dec., 1880.

TRUSSHS.

ZN CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
4% all attachments improved. No more
# buckles, all on solid brass casting.
Book onruptureand human frame free,
Send address in full post card. Best
true information about rupture and
CHAS. CLUTHE, Surgical ee
AL,

bi5

deformities.
1183 King Street west, Toronto, 1

N.B.—Repairing Promply Attended to.

Ee

12 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

M. Covel's Latest Improved

Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever ae Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW
STEAM FEED!

I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam
Feed, having put inseveral which are givin’ the best of sat- (2M
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Esq, Peterborough.

DEAR SIR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put it into my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-

longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and ean recom-

mend it to any person who bas a Cireular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short Jogs. I consider I haye cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.
Yours respectfully,
WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst

Toronto, August 11th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.
DEAR SIR—The Steam F ee ¢ you put in is working splen-

MILL MACHINERY!

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for all
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Cireulars
, for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
=a = od ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the

rif Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small HandgjGum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &e.

Horizontal ices and Boilers

CORLISS

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
vith uniformi y of speed, such as is required in Grist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
~ justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power

didly. Yours,

THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

WILLIAM HAMILTON -

per hour, 110

- - PETERBOROUGH, ONT,

HEADQUARTERS FOR

=< LUNBERMENS SUPPLIES

SEDAN ITY STOomHs,
Shingle Bands, Tinware & Household Furnishings

6110

In Large or Small Quantities, at Wholesale Rates.

OTTON & BRO., Dunlop St., BARRIE, ONT.

OAK HALL

Nos. 115, 117, £19, (21, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive Clothiers in Canada.

We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is full of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.

We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........$6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 150
We give a Good Overalls for .. O 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a

eeeeeew epeveees

G. B. MEADOWS,

MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN

Lumbermens Supplres,

Hotel and General House Furnishing Goods, Cooking Ranges and Stoves.

HOT AIR FURNACES, &e.

Wholesale Dealer in Tinware, Sheet, Copper & Brass Goods, Coal Oil and Lamp Goods.
p@srCONTRACTOR FOR BUILDERS’ JOB WORK.

DUNLOP STREET, Cor. Railway Square, BARRIE, ONT.

Direct Action Portable Saw Mills

“Obta ined 2 Me edals and Dipte »mas at the Ce entennial
iti delphi 6..

Good Suit. Remember the. address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing Waterous Engine Works Co. Brantford, Canada

House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lyL1s

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. +o B

DOMINION BELT and HOSE COMPANY SHEET IRON ROOFING

JAMES D. McARTHUR - - - Manager.

MANUFACTURERS OF IN THE UNITED STATES.

Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting | Can give the Best of References in

every State and Territory.

OAK TANNED SOLE LEATH ER, ETC., ETC. 101, 103 ana 105 West Front Street, ;

STITCHED AND RIBBED BELTING MADE TO ORDER. CINCINNATI.
5 All Kinds of CORRUGATED IRON Furnished,
pa>Double Always in Stock. Send for Samples and Prices~@g

ne «6s 42 FRONT STREET EAST, TORONTO.

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ BRYCE BROTHERS.

the Canada Pacifle Railway!
Re’)

Send for Illustrated Circulars, naming THE CANADA 4
LUMBERMAN, 12u11

The Bell Organs:have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Meaa) | LUMber from BRYCE BROS. to Build
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English <3 ee

and American makers. This along with the unlimited awards, prove that 7 ~ Pq 37 A : rae wh ~
mn . =

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD!) = 2 o = E
a b> ag = =e x
=) a Be 3B
Q a & O AS Ba

- g 2% eo

mg Ss
[oy 38 = ——_——= ——————— : ———> S =
= ——————— or

ANN

BLAKE—“It looks like good, clear stuff. It strikes me it is about
the only clear thing in the whole business.”

LUMBER MERCHANTS. .:

American Hotel, Corner Young & Front Sts.,
TORONTO, ONT.

.Provincial Exhibition, 18'71
.Centennial Exhibition, 1876
‘UVSIO IO[IVg IOT Teper ATUO

WHE RECHIV HD

Medal and Diploma.....

CGCHATHOAY 7AM

LEL “XW [eloulAoIg ‘WeSIO I0,Ieg IOj [epert AIUO

International Medal & Diploma, Sydney, Aus. 1877
LET “XH [el4snpur-

OSsl “Besny Aoupsg ye

Medal and Diploma....

6
8

The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best inthe market. @&-We guarantee all our
Organs for five years. Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catalogue mailed free.

Be ae ele Oo GO.

b16 41 to 47 East Market Square, GUELPH, ONT.

a a =
N al i 0 if d | Mi d nl U fq C { T] r i Nl F 0 HH d Hf] Newly and elegantly furnished throughout. Contains one hundred rooms, and under it the new
management is first-class in all its appointments, at moderate rates.

202 SPARKS T T Free omnibuses to and from all trains,
£S Sak 4 OTTAWA. W. R. BINGHAM, of Bradford, Ontario, Proprietor b2

mu

‘
wig
Dx ' |

i

Manufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and
military Encampments, with or without extra roofs, all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped,
Mildew proof or plain. Prices from $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
OPEN FOR USE made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP

FEL FT” BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent- 2

ZA <i F) ed; size when folded 2x 6 in. ; 3 feet long, weighing

—_ lla only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the

—=— = ——_ ¥ : — “Ee
a weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse- ’

SF covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of UBEN S HOTE ORONTO CANADA

every description made to order on the premises. e 5 5
pperial eater. ee Lumbermen, Send for cata-
ogue and price M , a
cGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.

. NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO., z
ba 202 Bparks Street, Ottawa 9S Patronized by Royalty and the best families, Prices graduated according to rooms, bI17

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LUMBERMEN'S STATIONERY,

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber —

Shanties and Offices at City prices. | ay
Shanty Settlements Office Letterheads .
Shanty Orders Office Noteheads
Shanty Receipts Office Envelopes
Shanty Time Books Office Cards
Shanty Log Books Office Notes
Shanty Reports Office Drafts
Shanty Ledgers Office Orders
Shanty Cash Books Office Receipts
Shanty Way Bills Office Blank Books
Drive Books Office Ship Account Books

And everything necessary to a complete office outfit.

All Printing done in the Eee Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices. |
Book-Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.
Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

EOKER- &sa>
“ THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”
PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 5

This cut is a simile of Package.

Pear rr laa
The greatest tribute to its extraordinary merits is,
that it was awarded First Prize and Diploma at

Toronto Exhibition, 1880.
Hamilton i
London ss “
Montreal sé ss
over all other yeasts.
TRY IT, AND BE CONVINCED.
Ask your Grocer for it, or send direct to the factory.
PEARL YEAST COMPANY, 39 Front Street, To-
ronto, Box 1264, b15

fh)

»)

“Trish Canadian Office. Th
Toron70, Feb. 21st, 1881. Ht

Mr. F. Crumpton, |

Dear Sir,—The watch I purchas-
ed from you some time ago, has
given perfect satisfaction, and I

5 am much pleased with it, and can
cordially;recommend any person
in need of a watch or anything in
the jewelry line, to deal at your
store. Yours very truly,
PATRICK bOYLE,
Proprietor Lrish Canadian

Send for our new price list_of
Watches, Diamonds, Silverware,”
Jewellery, &c., sent post prepaid
on application. Goods sent UC. O.
» DL. toany partof Canada. We have
Ss dozens ot testimonials similar to

‘i the above, plainly show-
ing that83 King St. East
is the place to buy your
goods.

¥, CRUMPTON,
2 King Street East,
TORONTO. b20

a|JOHN DOTY

? Esplanade Street, Toronto.

= ——————

MANUFACTURER OF

MARINE ENGINES,
b14

THE GENUINE SILYER-STEEL,
Lance Tooth
CROSS-CUT

FONT
LA

|
—-—_Q.
H IH Mh

] tll

i
Mp

GH

It stands without a rival, and is the fastest cutting saw
in the world. It has beaten the best Canadian and
American made saws 334 per cent in every contest. Its
superiority consists of its excellent temper. It is tem-
pered under the secret Chemical Process, which toughens
and refines the steel. Itgivesa finer and keener cutting
edge, and will hold it twice as long asany other process.
We have the sole right for this process for the Dominion
of Canada.

None genuine that are not like the above cut, with
registered trade mark with the word ‘‘ The Lance,” and
Maple Leaf with our name. Price $1 per foot.

CauTion.—Beware of Counterfeits. There are in-
ferior counterfeits on the market, which are intended
to be sold at a high price upon the reputation of this
saw. We will send to any address a saw exactly like
any counterfeit, warranted equal in quality or no sale,
at 60c. per foot. Therefore do not be hambugged into
paying a first-class price for a second-class saw. A
fact to bear in mind is that if the material and temper
are not of the very best quality the shape of the teeth
amounts nothing. A saw, like a knive, will not cut
fast without it will hold a keen, cutting edge. Wehave
cut off a 14-inch sound basswood log in eight seconds
with this saw. Manufactured only by

SHURLY & DIETRICH,

Manufacturers of Saws, Plastering Trowels, Straw
Knives, &c. &c.

GALT, ONTARIO. b15

— ‘oF E = ste Ze

The UNIVERSAL SUSPENDER,
SOME REASONS why they are the bests —
1st.—No Elastic requied.

PE eee Th TE an

4th.—Sold at prices of Gounuow sustenders,

Manufactured by O. H. RAMAGH « 00.
vit 20 Queen St; East, Toronto,

MARINE BOILERS,
Propeller Wheels and Steam Yachts

The Rainer Piano Always Triumphant!

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:

for Best Square Piano
Ist Prize and Diploma
lst Prize and Diploma
Ist Prize and Diploma

At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, Ist Prize, Diploma & Medal

At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition - - - - =

At Brantford Southern Fair - LR 1 8 2 = eS

At Guelph Central Exhibition - - - - - -
[2F SEND FOR CATALOGUE.-@X

RAINER, SWEETNAM & HAZELTON,

MANUFACTURERS,

Gr ise Es Ow tres.

ISAAC ANDERSON’S

Specialties :

VALVOLINE

For Lubricating

L14

Specialties :

ANDERSON’

Deane

MACHINE|
OILS. the Metal.

These Oils are jastly ee ol ‘Ganjeeat Judges .
The Best Value in the Market!

A LARGE STOCK OF ALL KINDS OF

MACHINE OILS AT THE LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES.

CONSTANTLY ON HAND.

JOHN FISKEN & CO. ACENTS,) ISAAC ANDERSON.
b15

23 Scott Street, Toronto,

Peete, Ee Se INE Sc Cee

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

Deposit, and
Preserves

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ............5. Ottawa, 1875
First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ........... Hamilton, 1876
First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .............. London, 1877
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition .............. Toronto, 1879
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition .............. Toronto, 1880

».- Philadelphia, 1876

International Medal, Centennial Ex....

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.

81 Colborne Street, Toronto

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

cl

——.

AMES ROBERTSON & CO.

TORON?PO, ‘ONT Ae te

MANUFACTURERS OF EVERY VARIETY OF

Circular, Mill and Gang Saws

INSERTED TOOTH SAWS

A SPHOCIALTY. —
ina Emerson Pattern and Lumberman’s Clipper. - —

SAWS REPATRED.
EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SEHND FOX PhiteSae 6113

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes In stock,
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round,
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of allin use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are:

aeons
GR.

= iA
=

\ i

Hit HI

12x} )
. 10x} 1x3
Seat a 10xd | 9. 12x} | Holes,
Bxi'f if in. hole, 10x4 i in. hole. 12x8 { 3,2 and Linch.
Aa 10x8 ) 12x}

12x$

Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12x} are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won't touch it.
The answer is that, you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over It once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

A QUES TIEOWN GH Qt 2s 2s

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us toa decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the ‘ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the Money saved On wages. AS we cannot get 6very one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities to match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you @ Tanite Wheel of similar quality. Qur regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-elghths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class 2.”
1t cuts fast and keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the “‘ Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as * Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS ‘‘POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiney in grain and softer than either of the above. As a Saw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Illustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application. 18

The Tanite Co. Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

PUBLISHED
ee:

= iti a

ane =a

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

( SUBSCRIPTION
1 $2.00 PER ANNU M.

VoL. ie

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., JUNE 1, i881.

‘NO. 15.

FORESTRY AND ABORICULTURE.

BEING THE FOURTH CHAPTER OF THE REPORT OF
THE ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COMMISSION,

Cultivation of Forest Trees.

The mode of cultivating forest trees is the

next matter to claim attention. This may be
accomplished either by raising trees from the
seed, or from cuttings, or by transplanting them
from the nursery or the woods.
__ If it be desired to raise trees from the seed,
attention must be paid to the time of gathering,
management, and plantiug. The soft and silver-
leayed maples and elm mature their fruit in
June ; the sugar, Norway, sycamore, and some
other maples, ripen their seeds later in the
season. Acorns, walnuts, chestnuts and other
nuts ripen in the fall, All seeds should besown as
soon as gathered, but the fall seeds may, if more
desirable, be kept in a box mixed with sand
until the following spring. Acorns and nuts
being liable to be disturbed by squirrels are
often preserved in this manner. They should
be kept in a cool place, and where they will not
become too dry. The elm and maple if favor-
ably situated will make very good growth in
their first season, when sown immediately after
gathering. Red cedar berries should be bruised
in March, and mixed with a quantity of wet
wood ashes. In three weeks the alkali will have
cut the resinous gum, when the seeds can be
washed clean from the pulp and planted.

But many people will prefer a less tedious
and equally cheap method of acquiring a stock
of young trees. Mr. Bucke, of Ottawa, gives
some useful hints on this head :—

“There has been a good deal of talk before
the Commission about growing trees from the
seed, but if I were going to plant trees, and
Particularly maples, I would go into the woods
and pull up seedlings a few inches high, as I am
convinced they will succeed better than by any
planting of seeds. I planted a number in that
way, and they are the best lot of young trees I
know of. I planted them in nursery rows,
about six inches apart in the row, and I have
succeeded in raising a large number without
losing any. I trimmed the roots before planting.
There are both hard and soft maple found in
the ordinary maple bush, and I think birch
could be propagated in the same way.”

Mr. Bucke further stated he had collected
and planted elm seedlings in the same way as
the maple. Seedling trees thus taken early
from the bush, should be kept in the nursery
rows for a couple of years and then planted out.
With regard to the spruces and other coniferous
are, Mr. Leslie says :—

“There is no difficulty whatever in trans-
Planting these trees from the woods when young;
: it is simply a matter of keeping the roots moist
while dut of the ground. I would recommend

_ that they should always be planted in nursery
s rows before being permanently placed in posi-

ees Sl

tion, and if they have ugly tap roots these
should be cut off. I would not recommend that
"the tops should be cut, there is no necessity for
doing so, and it destroys the symmetry of the
tree. There is no ncessity for cutting the tops
of deciduous tree seedlings.”

Mr, Arnold says on these points :—

“‘ Unless trees have been prepared by trans-
plantation, the smaller they are planted the
better. They should not be over a foot high
unless they have been so prepared. After they
are planted I would cultivate the soil the same
as for corn or potatoes. I would plant the trees
at first with a view to thinning them out. As
to the cost per acre, the small trees could be
supplied for five dollars per hundred. The
planting would be about five dollars per
hundred, that is, for nurseryman’s trees, about
one and a half feet high. I would not recom-
mend the planting of such small trees, but I
would have them properly prepared to plant
when they were two or three feet high. They
would then cost about twenty dollars a hundred
when planted. Some varieties of oaks, walnuts,
etc., could be raised from the seed by farmers if
they attended to the matter, but I find it more
profitable for me to send and buy my trees one
or two years old from those who make a busi-
ness of raising them, The raising of forest trees
from seedlings is a business by itself. It would
pay better to import some from France and
England than to grow them, as they have to be
shaded. Young trees should be grown in a seed
bed, before being planted out, about two years,
and then should be re-transplanted every two
years until they are put where they are to
remain.”

Of trees of a larger growth than seedlings in
their first or second year, Mr. Roy says :—

“Tn transplanting trees the smaller the better.
If you get a tree four or five feet high you may
replant it, but my experience is that the sooner
you begin to transplant the trees the better. I
usually transplant fruit and other trees in the
fall. The strongest and almost only reason I
have for transplanting them then is that I have

more time to do the work then. I think it is a
good thing to cultivate around a tree. I don’t
think it is good to cultivate around a peach tree
in arich soil, because the tree gets too much
wood in the fall, and the frost comes on and
kills it before the wood hardens. As regards
forest trees, I think they would succeed better
for a few years if cultivated around. After they
get fairly growing I don’t think cultivation
would be required.”

Senator Allan on the replanting of forest
trees remarks :—

“Take, however, even an ordinary sized farm,
say of 200 acres, and if planting is to be carried
on to any extent, trees from the nurseries will
be found rather too expensive a luxury, and the
farmer must rely upon what he can obtain from
the nearest woods,

“These—if carefully transplanted, and in the

case of evergreens more especially, of not too |

large a growth, when moved—ought to succeed
perfectly, or at least there should be a very
small percentage of loss.

“Of our native evergreens, the white pine,
black and white spruce, and white cedar, can all
be easily transplanted.

“The red or Norway pine, than which there
is no handsomer tree when allowed to grow
singly and with plenty of room for the spread of
its branches, is very difficult to move, and will
not generally succeed, unless taken up with
great care when very young.

“The hemlock spruce, one of the noblest and
most picturesque of our native evergreens, is of
very slow growth, and is also difficult to trans-
plant, except when very young, but both it and
the white cedar make most excellent hedges.

““Of our deciduous trees, the elm, ash, beech,
oak, and maple, are the most generally and
easily obtainable. The maple (both of the hard
and soft varieties) bears transplanting remark-
able well, and grows rapidly. The different

varieties of elm can also be easily moved—so |

also the ash. The oak, both white and red, as
well as other varieties, is difficult to move with
safety, and is of less rapid growth than either
the maple or the elm.

“The butternut, if transplanted when young,
succeeds well, The walnut and sweet chestnut
I have no experience of, except as transplanted
nursery trees. Take, however, all the others I
have named, both evergreen and deciduous, and
they can generally be obtained in most parts of
Ontario, without having to go any great dis-
tance to find them.”

As the tree to be moved increases in size the
more care is needed in its treatment. Itisa
good plan to select trees growing as near the
edge of the woods as possible ; their situation
having been less sheltered, the exposure to
which removal subjects them is less felt. As to
the preparation and removal of forest trees Mr.
Arnold says :—

‘We prune the roots with aspade. In the
case of trees which have not been transplanted,
and trees, say four, five, or six feet high, which
have not been moved lately, we send out a man
in the spring to cut off the roots about a foot
from the stem. Jn the fall, in digging them up
you will find abundance of fibres, and unless
this is done it is dangerous to remove them at
that age. If people transplanting from the
forest would go about this time (June) and cut
off the roots a few inches from the stalk, and go
next year and dig them up, they would find no
difficulty. In moving trees it is better to cut
off the tap roots. For instance in growing
peaches it is the practice of many to put peach
seeds in sand in the greenhouse until they ger-
minate. There is a long tap root which we
pinch off, and when we take it up afterwards we
find a mass of fibres. In fact the tap root is not

essential to the future growth of the tree. As
to the branches, I would not touch them until I
came to transplant. When we dig them up we
have to cut off a portion of the roots, and it is

necessary to take off about the same proportion
of the branches. The root vessels cannot draw
sap enough to supply all the leaves unless this is
done. The reason I would give for pruning
with a spade is, first, that it prevents injury to
the root while the tree is being finally moved ;
second, it produces large growth of small fibrous
roots within a limited space, and this adds to
the nourishment of the tree.”

The distances apart at which trees are plant-
ed, when set in rows for ornament, or shelter
for cattle in fields, will have to be decided 1
the nature of the tree, and will run from ten to
thirty feet, according to circumstances. For
forest planting, the trees being in that case
small, they may be planted from three and a
half to four feet apart in each direction. This
will admit of cultivation by horse power. As
the trees grow they will be thinned out, any
casualties, on the other hand, being supplied
by new plantings.

In Dr. Hough’s report the following table is
given, showing the number of trees upon an acre
at a given distance apart, and the number that
might be left at dfferent ages, with the propor-
tional value of the thinnings taken at the
several ages :—

3 | Proportional
Mage Distance | Trees to value of each
ge. apart. | the acre, \trimming to total
trimming.
ft. in.
10 years...... 39 3,097
1S Se Sie Schiele 40 2,792
ODM. ce ees 2,411
DAL Man ievalete as 47 2,077
SD Meee aierates 56 1,440
43 <‘ 66 1,031
Trin US ct | 80 680

In regard to the growth of woodland a high
European authority remarks :—

“That, while an uncultivated woodland,
taken for along period, and counting interest
and taxes, would yield almost nothing to the
capital invested, it is well established that the
same land, managed according to modern
science, would, in the long run, yield a revenue
both conspicuous and constant.”

THE Fenelon Falls Gazette says: There is a
big jam of logs in Burnt River between John-
ston’s Rapids and High Falls, a distance of over
three miles, and a number of men were sent up
early in the week to try and break it. The
logs, fully 20,000 in number, belong principally
to Mr. Ullyott and Mr. Boyd, and a large
drive owned by Mr. R. C. Smith is detained at
Kinmount, waiting for the obstruction below to
be removed. The logs in the jam are fortu-
nately not piled on each other, and a “‘flat jam,”
as it is called, is generally neither very dificult
nor dangerous to start,

i)

THE CANADA

MUSKOKA.

Our correspondent, writing from Gravenhurst,
the lumber capital of Muskoka, sends the foi-
lowing items :—

THE QUEEN’S BIRTHDAY.

May 24.—To-day, the anniversary of the birth
of our Most Gracious Sovereign, the Queen, is
being loyally spent by the people of Graven-
hurst. The saw mills are not all shut down, al-
though several of the working men are absent on
leave for the day—some of them on a grand ex-
cursion up the Muskoka Lakes on the steamer
Nipissing, and others south by the Northern
Railway to see the great lacrosse match and
games there.

THE MUSKOKA SLIDE, DAM, AND BOOM CO,
who have charge of the driving of logs, square
tunber, and shingle bolts this season, are getting
ahead with the work remarkably well, notwith-
standing the low water. The company was in-
corporated last winter for the purpose of aequir-
ing, constructing and maintaining dams, slides,
piers, booms, and all the other works necessary
to facilitate the transinission of timber down
rivers and streams in the district of Muskoka,
and Parry Sound, and Nipissing, and in the
County of Peterborough ; and for the purpose of
blasting rocks and otherwise improving the nayi-
gation of such rivers and streams, and to oper-
ate the same for TEN years.

$50,000 CAPITAL STOCK.

The capital stock of the company, 50,000, is
taken up by H. H. Cook, Richard Power, J.
M. Dollar, G. W. Taylor, A. P. Cockburn, A.
McKenzie, Chas. Mickle, Robt. Dollar, and
Isaac Cockburn. The rates charged on saw logs
per 1,000 feet, board measure, including sorting
at the mouth of Muskoka River and at Georgian
Bay are, from Muskoka to Georgian Bay, fifty
cents ;to Gravenhurst, thirty cents. Trom Port
Sydney to Georgian Bay, sixty cents; to Gray-
enhurst, thirty-five cents. Irom Lake Vernon
to Georgian Bay, fifty-five cents; to Graven-
hurst, forty cents, and so on from other points,
making a difference of from fifteen to twenty-five
cents in the cost of delivery per 1,000 feet, be-
tween Gravenhurst and Georgian Bay.

MOVE TO GEORGIAN BAY.

In view of the greater facilities for shipping,
several of the mill owners around Gravenhurst
are seriously contemplating removing their mills
to the shore of the Georgian Bay. They think
they could soon save as much in freight as would
pay for the cost of removal. Complaints, loud
and deep, are heard all around in reference to
the exactions of the Northern Railway in rigidly
adhering to the rule of 6,000 feet of green lum-
ber and 7,500 feet of dry lumber for a car load.
They complain of the great want of shipping ac-
commodation and the present monopoly.

OUTLET BY KIRKFIELD.

There is a strong hope that a third rail will be
laid on the Toronto and Nipissing Railway as
far north as Kirkfield this summer, and that the
road from that point will be extended to Gray-
enhurst forthwith, there to connect with the
Ontario and Sault Ste. Marie Railway, about to
be constructed. This would give a direct route
from the North-West, either to Toronto or Port
Hope ; and to Peterborough and Belleville as
well, when the ‘‘ missing link” at Omemee is
supplied. Should this very probable railway
extension be carried out, there will be no neces-
sity for Gravenhurst mill cwners to pull up
stakes for the Georgian Bay.

MUSKOKA AND NIPISSING NAVIGATION CO.

This season the Muskoka and Nipissing Navi-
gation Co,, of which A, P. Cockburn, Esq., M.
P., is manager, expect to tow about eighty mil-
lion feet of logs, square timber, and shingle
bolts, equal to about twenty million feet, A
large proportion of the stock comes to Graven-
hurst, which shows the importance of this place
as a lumbering centre.

SHIPBUILDING AND LAUNCHES.

Yesterday Mr. Cockburn launched the harbor
tug Lake Joseph, a trim craft of about 20 horse
power, fitted with upper cabin for passenger
traffic. On the 7th of this month the same com-
pany launched the Muskoka, a powerful tug of
100 horse power. The engines are made by Mr.
Doty, of Toronto, and work like a charm. A
local paper says :—‘‘ The Muskoka is built in the
most substantial manner, of the best white oak,
and, it is thought, will be good for twenty years’
actual seryice. Her proportions are; length oyer

all, 84 ft.; 18 ft. beam, with 7 feet hold. She
has two powerful engines, 12 x 14 each, attached
to two large screws, so it will be seen that her
propelling powerisimmense. Her boiler weighs
11 tons, and is built to carry 100 pounds of steam
constantly. She has nicely appointed cabins,
both on deck and below, and is provided with
all the latest improvements in the way of ma-
chinery, pumps, hose, etc.” The new steamer
Inter-Ocean was launched on Lake Nipissing last
week, and is expected to be making regular trips
early in June. So it is that this new country of
ours is opening up, specially under the auspices
of the lumbermen and their requirements.

WEST GRAVENHURST.

At West Gravenhurst, which is built on an
arm of the bay enclosed by ‘‘ The Narrows,”
several saw mills are built. The Woodstock
Lumber Co.’ ave adding to their former lumber,
lath and shingle mill, a gang of saws, which
commenced work to-day, the first in Muskoka.
The gang is ‘‘the improved oscillating,” and is
expected to do excellent work. This company
will cut six million feet this season. The bulk
of their logs have reached Port Carling. The
mill has capacity of 45,0007feet of lumber daily,
40,000 shingles, with proportions of lath, and 32
men are employed.

ANOTHER GANG.

Mr. W. G. Taylor is putting in a gang of
saws in his mill, and is making considerable ad-
ditions and improvements to overtake the sum-
mer’s work. He has a large quantity of last
season’s stock on hand, not shipped, and will
soon be crowded for piling room if it is not

removed,
SHINGLE MILLS.
Mr. Bartholomew is leading the local busi-
ness. His stock is in logs and bolts. Mr. Archie
3rydon has a shingle mill near Mr. Taylor's
saw mills, He is to try a new plan of cutting
shingles with ‘‘ the Excelsior Knife,” (Goldie’s
patent) and will cut about six million. It is
not certain yet how this will work. Mr. Brydon
is manufacturing for Messrs. Thompson &
Baker, of Hamilton, who supply the raw
material. Mr. Hull is rigging up the mill lately
oceupied as a shingle mill by Thompson &
Baker near the old steamboat wharf. He will
cut lumber and shingles, and has another mill
near Lethbridge, about four miles from Graven-
hurst. Between the two mills he will cut about
5&4 million feet of lumber this season.
WILLIAM 'TAIT’S MILL.

Mr. Wm. Tait, whose mill was burned down
recently, has it rebuilt and nearly ready to com-
mence sawing. He speaks highly of the
promptitude shown by Mr. Hamilton, of Peter-
borough, and Mr. R. Brammer, of. Orillia, in
supplying machinery ordered according to agree-
ment, but has been greatly delayed with other
foundry men who have not come up to time
with their work. Mr, Tate has a stock to cut of
five million feet.

ALMOST A CONFLAGRATION.

Mr. Chas. Meikle had a narrow escape of the
destruction of his mill by fire yesterday. It
originated near the boiler, but was promptly
extinguished by the men and neighbors without
much damage being done to the building. My.
Meikle will cut five million feet this season. He
has made various important changes in his mill

this spring, viz.: Slab cutter, carriers, new
friction feed works, ete. The season’s cut will

be about 44 million feet.
out from seven townships.
AT MUSKOKA WHARF.

Mr, Thos. Boom’s gang of men are engaged in
putting Burton Bro’s, square timber in shipping
order, previous to being sent by rail to be rafted
in Toronto and thence to Quebec. The men
stand in the water and saw off the ends with
cross-cut saws. The fragments of bark on
waney sticks are carefully stripped of with
draw-knives. Burton Bros, will have about
100,000 feet at this wharf when it all arrives—
only about 25,000 feet have reached so far.

TASKAR’S MILL.

This is an excellent country mill about five
miles from Gravenhurst. Mr. Tasker will cut
about three million feet this season. He has
nearly a million of old stock on hand not drawn,
but purchased by Christie, Kerr & Co.,
Toronto.

The logs were taken

THE BRITISH LUMBER CO.
This extensive company have taken out about

LUMBERMAN.

22 million feet of logs in Muskoka this season,
and have got them all in the stream, except a
small quantity in Brunel.

IN LOW WATER,

The section of country north of Huntsville
traversed by Little Hast River seems to be the
driest in this northern region. The Georgian
Bay Co. has one million feet on this river which
will not likely be got out this season. Mr. R.
Power and the Muskoka Lumber Co. have also
about one million feet on this same river which
will probably not be floated, and it is said that
Messrs. Cook Bros. haye abandoned 350 pieces
of square timber on Fisher’s Creek, north of
Huntsville, and unless heavy rains come on they
will also have to hang up one million feet of
logs.

THE MIDLAND MILLS.

J. M. Dollar has on the way 150,000 feet of
square timber and 4,000,000 feet of logs, all
afloat. He has 2,000,000 feet left over from
last season,

COCKBURN’S MILL.

Mr. Isaac Cockburn is running this mill

again. The cut this forenoon was 16,000 feet.

ST. JOHN, N.B.

From Our Own Correspondent.

SrreaAM Drivine.—Up to a recent date, much
uneasiness was felt with reference to the pros-
pect of bringing the logs out of the streams for
want of sufficient water, owing to the protract-
ed cold and dry weather, but during the last
two weeks we have had a liberal rain fall, and
the stream driving, in consequence, is reported
from all quarters as being very good. The
prospect now is that the bulk of the logs in the
streams will be got to market in good season.

Sutppinc.—A large supply of tonnage is now
in port, and, as is frequently the case in such
circumstances. shippers are much annoyed and
inconvenienced by the “strikes” among the
laborers. The wages of ship-laborers have ad-
vanced to $2.50 per day, and it is said they
intend demanding $3.00 after the present week.
The following is a list of the ships in port, with
their tonnage and destination :—

Belle O'Brien, 1,902, Liverpool.

Lady Dufferin, 989, Penaith Roads.

British Queen, 1,105, United Kingdom.
Harold, 189, East Coast of Ireland,

Minnie Burrill, 1,440, Liverpool.

Coronet, 869, Liverpool or Bristol Channel.
Herbert Beech, 1,061, Belfast.

Arcadia, 788, Liverpool.

Prinds’ Oscar, 662, Great Britain or Continent.
Ailsa, 454, East Coast of Ireland.

Annie Burrill, 897, Dublin.

Anna P. Odell, 380, Dundalk.

Grace E. Cann, 683, Belfast.

Belstane, 1,071, Liverpool or Bristol Channel.
Riverside, 1,234, Liverpool.

St. Julien, 1,049, Belfast or W. C. England,
Vestolinden, 459, E. C. Ireland.

Hafosfjord, 495, E. C. I. or B. Channel.
Prodomo, 477, Cork Quay.

Austria, 1,000, Liverpool or Bristol Channel.
E. Sutton, 545, Penaith Roads.

Equator, 1,272, Liverpool or B. Channel.
Jothington, S.S., 1,290, Liverpool or B. Channel.
Kate F. Troop, 1,100, Belfast or W, C. England.
Lizzie Burrill, 1,185, Liverpool.

David Anterson, 256, Jersey.

Maud Scammell, 593, E.C. Ireland.

Theobald, 981, Liverpool.

Deanfield, 1,072, Liverpool.

Sarah B, Cann, 707, Bordeaux.

Berlin, 757, United Kingdom,

Whitburn, S.S., 816, Liverpool or B. Channel.

FReEIGHTS.—There has been very little done
in chartering since the date of our last report.
Two steamers were taken for Liverpool at 55/.

SurpmMents.—The shipments of deals and
other sawn lumber have been as follows :—

For Burope...c.cee. sec eee 7,549,000 Sup. ft.
© United States.........5. 2,121,000 ‘“
West Indies. .....cuecses 464,090 “7

St. John, N.B., May 21st, 1881.

Tue Drives Sare.—The news from up the
Ottawa indicates that all difficulties said to be
in the way of this season’s drive are at an end,
and that the logs in all streams will come down
without serious trouble. Even in localities
where the outlook was the worst, the opinion
now is that there will be abundance of water
even if there should be no more rain for a time.
The water in the Ottawa has beensteadily rising
for some days, and is now considerably higher
than was expected a week ago,

MIDLAND,

_ From Our Own Correspondent.
The British Canadian Lumber and Tim
Company’s mill has been running for over th:
weeks and is doing good work, cutting
130 M. in the twenty-fonr hours. They
have a mill at Old Fort, with a capacit
about 25 M. per day. “With the two they ¢
pect to cut over twenty millions this sez
Their tug has been busy towing since the c
ing of navigation, and is expected in to-nig!
with a tow of 100 M. cubic feet of board pi
from Shawinaga River, to be shipped over tl
Midland to Port Hope for Quebec, the proper
of J. M. Dollar, the first timber shipped fr
here this season. The Chew Bros. have mo
and rebuilt their mill and have added much
its capacity. They had steam up ye a
will start to cut to-morrow. They will ie
five million feet. Mr. William Chew was bac
hurt the other day by falling with a sc:
from the mill. Chew & Weeks are also r
their shingle mill, J. M. Dollar’s mill kisd
running about two weeks, and is now ru
night and day, cutting 65 M. per ‘twer
hours. He will cut out over six illic
They all have plenty of logs on hand to
the mills running until the drives come in. Th
weather has been very warm and dry here.
Midland, May 26th, 1881.

FORESTRY.

The Montreal Star publishes the followin
letter :—

Str,—The State of New York allows a ce
sum of money to the owners of property wh
plant trees, in front of such property, on th
public highway. This is something that th
law makers of this Province or of the Dominic
might condescend to consider. We all cry ou
that our forests are being denuded of timber,
but our legislators look calmly on. In Ontari
it is said that in the older settled counties the
is only one acre of timber to every hundred tha
has been cleared, and how we stand in Quebec
do not know. In any case it is time to serious
consider the situation, for the best authorities iz
the country tell us that in a few years tim
will be as valuable and as searce here as it is im
some countries in Europe. I have some experi
ence in planting walnut, chestnut and sweet
hickory, and in all cases they have yielded a
profitable return. Apart from the shades and
home like appearance of trees on a farm, we
must not forget the important meteorologic:
effect trees have upon the atmosphere. I can-
not give you a better illustration of this than
what I have read lately about the town of
Valencia in South America. The town is situ-
ated a mile and-a-half from a lake. Years ago
this lake was surrounded by a dense forest. The
people cut down the forest, and the waters of
the lake receded four miles and a-half in thirty
years. This was because of less rain-fall in con-
sequence of the loss of the trees. The people
seeing this, planted new trees, and in tienty-two
years the lake had assumed vts original dimen-
sions. And this was all owing to the fact of the
less trees the less rain, and vice versa. Now, as —
rain is just as necessary as sunshine to produce
a good crop, it becomes a serious matter for the
farmer to guard the forests and thus protect
himself by securing a better chance of rainfall
than could be the case if the land was bare of
timber.

Encouraging Guarantee.

Tue CaNapA LUMBERMAN, a semi-monthly
publication started recently by Mr. A. Begg,
has passed into the hands of Toker & Co., of
Peterborough, publishers of the Revirw. We
have received their first number, a neatly print-
ed paper of sixteen pages. The important in-
terest to which it purposes to give special atten-
tion will find this publication well worthy of
hearty support, and from the ability and experi-
ence of its publishers a valuable and interesting
journal may be looked for. We wish them
abundant success in their enterprise.—Dindsay
Post.

Mr. H. H. Sau has made a contract with -
the owners of the prop. Araxes and her censorts —
for the carrying of 8,000,000 feet of lumber from
Lake Superior to Buffalo at $3.15 per thousand
delivered on the rail.

i a ee

Grade Hotes,

American,

_ Ar Stevens’ Point, Wis., business “ continues
good.”

TRADE is very brisk at Keokuk, Iowa, and
prices are firm.

Rates of freight from Buffalo eastward by
canal are quoted at $2.70 per 1,000 to Albany.

Trom Davenport, Iowa, trade is reported fair,
while the demand for dry lumber is reported
“fully equal to the supply.”

A LARGE quantity of dimension timber, taken
out by A. & P. White, is being cut into railway
ties for the English market at Pembroke. This
is a new departure.

Tue dealers at Michigan City, Ind., report
that they have plenty of orders on their books.
Collections are good and everything promises a
goed season’s business.

‘TRADE is said to be in a prosperous condition
with firm prices at Philadelphia, Pa. There is
an active demand from both city and country
customers, with increased sales as compared
with several preceeding years.

Tue rate for lumber from Toronto to Oswego
is quoted firm at $1.25, although we have heard
it rumoured that a higher rate has been paid.
It is also said that contracts have been declined
at quotations,

Ar Toledo, Ohio, trade is reported as very
fair for the time of year, with every prospect of
an unusually large demand from the surround-
ing territory, while dealers are at a loss to know
how they are to replenish their stocks at pre-
sent prices,

THE estimated stock of logs at Bangor,
Maine, is 150,000,000 feet, consisting of spruce,
hemlock, pine, cedar, etc. The drives generally
are safe, while it is said ‘‘the demand is tre-
mendous and would take twice the quantity
that can be obtained.”

From St. Louis, Mo., the report comes that
prices are quite firm under a steadier demand
than has been known for years, and none of the
weakening of prices which is customery at this
time of year is being experienced this season,
and the only question asked in sending in
orders is, ‘‘ When can they be filled?”

THE Northwestern Lumberman under date of
the 18th May, says: “It may be said without
doing violence to the truth, that the general
situation in respect to prices is more satisfactory
than might have been expected. Weakness is
decidedly the exception and seems to exist in
fact nowhere outside of Chicago.”

——
THE ERIE CANAL OPENED.

Burraio, May 17.—The locks on the eastern
division of the Erie canal were officially opened
at 12 o’clock last night. Up to 6 o’clock last even-
ing about 20 boats had taken clearance papers.
Most of these, and others which loaded and
cleared last fall, moved down the canal during
the day. The opening rates are 7 cents on
wheat, 6} cents on corn and 6 cents on flax seed
to New York. Several loads of wheat were
taken at the rate named. No lumber engage-
ments were made, but the rate was understood
to be $2.85 per thousand feet to Albany and 75
cents additional to New York.

A Very Respectable Appearing Paper.

Tue CanaDA LumpermMan.—The onl ape
published in Canada devoted to the ‘ienabor
and Timber Industries of the Dominion.—
Toker & Co., Peterborough.

The value of these industries as factors in the
development of our country, should alone com-
mand for the publication cordial recognition
and encouragement. It is a very respectable
appearing paper of 10 four column pages ; $2
per annum, $1 for 6 months.—Canada Health

Journal, ee oe

On Monday, May 9th, Mr. W. H. Escott,
employed in Rathbun & Son’s door factory,
Deseronto, met with an accident that may yet
prove fatal. While putting several panels
through a sizing machine, by some means they
got on top of the circular saw and were hurled
backward. One of the pieces inflicted severe
wounds on his arm, while another struck him
om the chest, cutting through the clothing and
making serious wounds, Inflammation has set
in, and recovery is by no means certain.

~~

NOT DONE YET.

The continent is not yet stripped of its tim-
ber, for there is a region in which the wood-
man’s axe has never yet waked the echoes. If
the Hudson Bay region be not misrepresented,
the American continent may in the future draw
its supply of timber from thence. The popular
idea of it is that the region is given up to per-
petual snow, ice, walruses and polar bears. But
this is erroneous. Professor Bell, who has spent
five years in exploring the Hudson Bay, gives,
in glowing terms, an account of his wanderings
in and about that great body of water, which,
in his enthusiasm, he designates the Canadian
Mediterranean. He states that Hudson Bay is
in effect a thousand miles long, more than six
hundred miles wide, and covers one million
square miles. Instead of being, as is usually
supposed, a part of the Arctic regions, its
nearest shore is more southerly than London,
and its farthest still remains within the north
temperate zone. On the north-east coast there
is little snow in winter, and little rain in sum-
mer. The tributaries of the bay are the Nelson,
which discharges the waters of Lake Winnipeg;
the Winnipeg, about the size of the Ottawa;
the Saskatchewan 900 miles long pouring in
from the west ; and the Red River, coming, 500
miles from the south. All the central part of
North America, from Labrador to the Rocky
Mountains, drains into Hudson Bay. The
largest tributary is the Nelson, about four times
the size of the Ottawa at the capital; then
comes the Churchill, the Big River, and the
Albany. On the west side of the bay the
southerly winds are the coldest that blow in the
winter, and there is less snow and less intense
of cold in the vicinity of York Factory and Ft.
Churchill than in more southerly regions, Dur-
ing winter the temperature improves as one goes
from Minnesota northward through Manitoba,
and down the valleys to Hudson Bay, and bath-
ing 1s found agreeable in July, August, and
September. On the southern and western
shore unlimited supplies of red and white pine,
spruce, white birch, balsam, poplar, aspen, and
tamarack are found. As Great Britain is now
drawing her supplies from the North Sea and
the Baltic, the United States may draw their
timber from Hudson’s Bay when the north-
western pine lands are exhausted. It will not
be impossible to get the timber from the Bay, if
necessity demandsit. If Hudson’s strait freezes
over, railroads will be built into its forests or a
ship canal be constructed by way of the Nelson
River and Lake Winnipeg to the Mississippi
River. It is all right now, about the timber.
When the Saginaw river mills are silent and the
salt center has been transferred to those won-
derful licks on the Muskingum and Kanawa
rivers, lumbering operations will be brisk on or
about the 60th parallel, and there will be plenty
of timber for bedsteads, cradles, tables and
coffins, if we have to live in glass houses and
dare not throw stones.—Lumberman’s Gazette.

Messrs. H. B. Ratupun & Son’s drive of
cedar, and Mr. T. P. Pearce’s drive of saw logs
have passed Lennon’s bridge, Marmora. The
late rains have helped them, as the water was
low during the April drought.

THE CANADA. LUMBERMAN.

eS

HERDING LUMBER. Zoreks,—Aj healthy man never thinke of his

. ; stomach, The dyspeptic thinke of nothing else. Ir

Judge Carey showed the greatest interest in | digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man w
these weird tales, and edged up to the group. finde himeclf suffering will spend a few cents for a
fi 2 bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkabl
These are curious yarns, gentlemen, but J compound for clensing and toning the system, for
believe them all. I had a dog once, back in | *##isting the Digestive apparatue and the Liver to
‘ properly perform their duties in assimilating food.
Nebraska, that I kept to herd lumber.” Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of

your druggist. A few doses will surprise you.

“Beg pardon, Judge; did you say the dog
herded lumber ?”
“Ves, sir ; cottonwood boards,

Caledonian Hotel,

We always

og sre to bring the lumber in at
ae dog there to bring ab ’ GRAVENHUEST.
nicht. = ,
1B 4 > JOHN SHARPS, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
Everybody now paid the closest attention, as newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
they knew. the boss was at work. within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.

“Tt was this way. Cottonwood boards warp Good Stabling. ly.l5
like thunder in the sun. A board would begin
to hump its back about nine o’clock in the morn-
ing, and in half an hour it would turu over. By
eleven it would warp the other way with the
heat, and make another flop. Hach time it
turned it would move a couple of feet, always
following the sun towards the west. The first
summer I lived in Brownville over 10,000 ft. of
lumber skipped out to the hills the day before I
had advertised a house raisin’, I went to the
county seat to attend alaw-suit, and when I got
back there wasn’t a stick of timber left, It
strayed away into the uplands. An ordinary
board would climb a two-mile hill during a hot
week, and when it struck the timber it would
keep worming in and out among the trees like a
garter snake. Every farmer in the state had to
keep shepherd dogs to follow his lumber around

the country, keep it together, and show where
it was in the morning. We didn’t need any

flumes there forlumber. We sawed it east of
the place we wanted to use it, and let it warp
itself to its destination, with the men and dogs
to head it off at the right time ; we never lost a
stick.—Caison City Appeal.

Every attention paid to gueste.

PORT HOPE

Sail, Tent & Awning

yp A COM Oye,

Kast Pier, Port Hope, Ont

J. J. TURNER, Prop.

DIRECT IMPORTER AND DEALER IN ALL
KINDS OF

COTTON and LINEN CANVAS.

eae, St

EVERY KIND IN STOCK OR MADE TO ORDER,

AWNINGS!

Any kind put up complete at Reasonable Prices, and
all work warranted First-class.

FINE SAW MILLS.

There are many fine saw mills in New Bruns-
wick ; there must be a number on the Mirami-
chi, but the finest mill in the Maritime
Provinces, according to the Chatham Advance,
is that just completed at Chatham by the Hon.
Wm. Muirhead to replace the one burned a few
months ago. It is described as a two-gang
steam mill 138 by 46, and 27 feet post, crown
roof covered with asbestos; boiler-house and
saw-dust kiln, 40x70 feet ; engine house, 40x16
feet. The power is furnished by six boilers,
arranged in two sections. Each is 35 feet long,
three of them 3 feet 6, and three 3 feet
diameter. A large steam chest counects with
wrought iron throatpipes rivetted. The engine
has double cylinders, inclined toward each other
at the top, each 22 inches diameter and 2 feet
stroke. The fly whnel—1l0 feet diameter—
weighs five tons, A valve is provided by which
in case of fire, volumes of steam can be blown
into the building to extinguish flames. There
is 1,200 feet of rubber belting used in the mill:
one belt is 86 feet long, 16 inches wide, and
‘“<6-ply,” another 75 feet long. The gangs are of
steel, guide rods 44 and 4# inches ; stroke 26
inches, connecting rods 12 feet long. There are
two double edgers. The most of the heavy
machinery was made at the Miramichi foundry,
the lighter work being prepared at Mr. Muir-
head’s own machine shop adjoining the mill.

Horse and Waggon Covers, Flags, &¢

723-Note THE ADDRESS:
J. J. TURNER,

Sail, Tent and Awning Maker, East Pier, Port Hope,
Canada. 3md100-2114

Z® Old Rope Bought and Sold.-@R

KERR BROS.

PRACTICAL

FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS,

And MILLWRIGHTS.

Manufacturers of Marine and Horizontal
and Portable Engines, Boilers, Grain
Elevators and Steam Hoists, Saw and
Flour Mill Machinery,

with latest improvements, a specialty.

The Abel Edward’s Centennial Turbine
Water Wheel,

Rodebaugh’s Saw Frame, Mill Dogs and
Saw Guides.

Water-works, the latest? and most
improved, made to Order,

Comparative Table.

SHOWING STOCK OF TIMBER AND DEALS IN LIVERPOOL ON APRIL 30TH, 1880 AND 1881, AND ALSO
THE CONSUMPTION FOR THE MONTH OF APRIL, 1880 AND 1881.

: : Consumption Consumption
Stock, April Stock, April |for the Month of|for the Month of
30th, 1881. 80th, 1880. April, 1881. April, 1880.
Quebec Square Pine... 55 sscwrevses ne nese 604,000 ft 300,000 ft 2

emt Ware Boman res were ctene 925,000 ‘* 118,000 « 134,000 ft. 92,000 ft.

Shaw OMANI Vote te siete ald sieleh ot of cise bs olsle ne ore 8,000 ‘* 72,000 ‘* 8,000 ‘*

Opie Porta Piney. ial, 3alos sieves bey o\allde ater <iste 56,000 ‘* 12,000 <*

(PYGCD EINE; TOW vtstere:e asia cle.o.s) “ielovessieis ernie eieie-e 563,000 ‘* 411,000 ‘* 146,000 ‘* 68,000 <*
KE BAW cluiole wee vibiclelnep o\s plo\dielein'cleis/n\e 390,000 ‘* 131,000 ‘* 127,000 ‘‘ 204,000 ‘*
«“ plankeyeaersrcet setae aue ahaa. 120,000 « 28,000 ‘« 55,000 ‘ 24,000 «

RCE ENTE sie'n'pls oul )s sievatichAan el! e(elo'viaieicip\s wine: a.0 34,000 ‘* 10,000 ‘* 14,000 ‘* 1,000 ‘*

Dantzig Gow Win : et ticks eee oe 111,000 « 199,000 * 33,000 “ 74,000 ««

Sweden and Norway Fir......c+essseseessees 9,000 ‘* 4,500 ** 2,000 **

AO RNN OANA IAIN ate p iis is\elaieiaipineraeicls.e\e\p s)siate sic 400,000 “* 295,000 ‘* 44,000 ‘ 66,000 ‘*

"Waggon scantling.....+ seessssseseees 153,000 ** 10,000 ‘* —

See al Lol Ns <iantss, ad eat RR! asco ite 70,000.‘ 5,000 * 2,000 ‘* =
10S! CO a a RR i, 32,000 ‘ 26,000 “ 5,000 * 5,000 «
ASORE SESSA, OR EO ES 4,000 * 1,000. * 3,000 «* 13500 «
Lo ae Ae Oe Be nye ic yen or ae 118,000 ‘* 128,000 ‘‘ 22,000 ** 51,000 ‘*
RCPCOTUCALE sc cts «aa 6/o.via stilts s wal sersnine ies 63,000 ‘* 112,000 ‘ 5,000 ‘* 20,000 **
East India Teak..........sssseseeeeeneeeeee 13,060 ‘* 37,000 ‘* 1,000 ‘‘ 39,000 ‘*
Carper Pee | aR is dye! 7,956 stds 2,553 stds, 1,195 stds. 650 stds

Spruce Degg... i... cece ene ef 5,264 ‘
Temiinasinc vee des tara: 155 « “Vaso « {| 5,826 “ 5,095“
Baltic Deals..........- BpiPeis A's srels'a peas ae ake 5,494 “* 2ol7y ‘* 810 “‘ 668 ‘
EY CBOAVAG) sole cian Oreos ows & 461 ‘* 890 ‘* Aes 33 “‘
EERE ACONIN GE DOATOGS oh eles olslelaloside.ciele toe 3,444 “ 8,529. <¢ 575 “* 1,590 ‘*

Light and Heavy Brass and Iron Castings

Plans and Specifications on application.

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., Dee., 1880. -

Burdock BLOOD Bitters |}

b15

Burdock Healing Ointment should be
used in connection with Burdock Blood Bitters for
curing Ulcers, Abscesses, Fevers, Sores, &c. Price
25 cents por box, T. MILBURN & CO., 4~*

: ~-— SoLE AGENTS, ToRoNTa, *

f THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

SHADE TREES ALONG THE HIGHWAYS.
BY THE HON. B. G. NORTHROP.

An unusual interest is shown this season in
planting trees along the roadside, and our
nurserymen are busy in meeting this growing
demand. The Legislature of Connecticut has
just passed, unanimously in both houses, a law
to encourage tree-planting on the public roads.
A similar law has been passed in some of the
comparatively treeless states west of the Missis-
sippi ; but Connecticut is believed to be the first
state east of that river to offer so liberal a
bounty from the state treasury for this purpose.
This Act provides that any person planting or
protecting forest trees one-quarter of a mile or
more along any public highway may receive for
ten years an annual bounty of one dollar for
each quarter of amile so planted ; the forest
trees to inchade the elm, maple, tulip, ash, bass-
wood, oak, black walnut and hickory ; the elms
to be not more than sixty feet apart.

Under the stimulus of this state bounty, more
trees ought to be planted this spring along
the roads of Connecticut than in any former
year, however much has been recently done in
this direction. In some cases individuals are
encouraging this work, by offering prizes for
tree-planting. A citizen of Clinton has just
offered a hundred dollars, in the form of prizes
of $40, $25, $20 and $15, to the persons who
may plant this spring the best and longest rows
of trees along any public roads of that town, the
award to be made by three non-resident experts
and announced at the Agricultural Fair of
Clinton, next October. Another gentleman
offers a like amount, to be awarded in sums of
$45, $30, and $25, for the best and longest rows
of trees that may be planted this spring in the
towns represented in the Falls Village Agricul-
tural Association. Two hundred dollars offered
in this way a few years ago stimulated an
extraordinary interest in tree planting. I shall
be most happy to co-operate with any liberal
citizens who may wish to try a kindred experi-
ment in their towns this season or next year.
The time for this work is at hand, and what-
ever is done well this spring must be done
quickly. In two or three days notices could be
printed and circulated in almost any town in
New England or New York. That service T
will cheerfully perform for any such donor in
Connecticut.

Nothing can add so much to the beauty and
attractiveness of our country roads as long
avenues of fine trees. One sees this illustrated
in many countries in Kurope, where for hun-
dreds of miles on astretch the road is lined
with trees. With the liberal encouragement
offered by this new law, no time should be lost
in securing the same grand attraction to our
highways. Growing on land otherwise running
to waste, such trees would yield most satisfac-
tory returns. The shade and beauty would be
grateful to every traveller, but doubly so to the
owner and planter, as the happy experience of
hundreds of our farmers can now testify, for a
good work in this direction is already well
started. Having in abundance the best trees
for the roadside, no class can contribute so
much to the adornments of our public roads as
the farmers. In portions of Germany the law

THE BULLS AND THE BEARS.

The figth of the bulls and bears in the Chicago
lumber market is becoming almost as celebrated
as the regular warfare of their prototypes of the
stock and gain exchanges, The contest, though
an entirely bloodless one, is not lacking in in-
terest, as well to outsiders as to the participants
themselves. It usually engages the attention
of a good part of the trade during the earlier
weeks of the season, when, for obvious reasons
the animals above mentioned are in a particu-
larly belligerent frame of mind. It may be re-
garded as both a moral and physical impossi-
bility for the representatives of the yard and
mill interests in this city to dwell together in
harmony at this particular time of the year.
They take to fighting naturally, as if by a kind
of instinct, and for a time they revel in its
pleasures with as much apparent enjoyment as
though the whole thing were a bit of a farce,
like a Punch and Judy show. In the spring the
dealer’s fancy turns lightly to thoughts of sharp-
ening up his claws, which operation he performs
while indulging in pleasant anticipations of the
firm grip he will thereby be enabled to get upon
prices when he prepares to exert his muscular
power in an effort to pull them down. And so
the man with a mill, or some logs that he has
arranged to have sawed by the thousand upon
pretty favorable terms, gives an extra chuckle
as he lets his imagination show him in advance
how beautifully he will toss and gore poor bruin
when he catches him with a lot of men on his
pay roll with nothing to do, and undertakes to
sell him the last cargo of lumber on the market.
But after a month or two of hostilities both the
bulls and the bears discover that there is some-
thing to live for besides war, and havmg worked
off their surplus energy by means of their annual
scrimmage, settle down to business and spend
the balance of the season in making money.

To consider the matter more seriously, it may
be said that this regular struggle between the
two opposing interests among the lumber
dealers in this market arises out of the peculiar
way in which the business is transacted. That
merchandise should be bought for as little and
sold for as much as competition will admit of
are among the first principles of business. The
dealers simply control certain influences that
may be brought to bear upon the prices at
which they must buy their lumber, and they use
them, so far as possible, to effect the purpose
they naturally have in view, which is, of course,
to get their stock for as little money as they can.
They do not care whether the mill owner makes
anything ; that is his lookout, consequently the
only thing they work for is to buy their lumber
for the lowest prices that the sellers will accept.
On the other side, the manufacturers, and those
interested either directly or indirectly in the
production and primary sale of lumber, have
before them only one purpose—to get all they
can for their property. It is no concern of theirs
whether the buyer of the stock makes anything
on it or not; as long as it passes out of their
hands at a profit their duty is done, and their
interest in it is at an end.

Notwithstanding the remarkable activity in
trade during the last few weeks, we have un-
mistakable evidence that the battle of the
boards will be fought this season as usual. Both

the issuing of a union list, and so permit the
to make as low prices as they Perhap
they did not expect to attain this end, but onl:
made the attempt asaa matter of
However this may be, they did establish «
fact very thoroughly ; namely, that they do ne
intend to buy their season’s supply of lumber
the top of the market except as a matter of
absolute necessity. 3
Anybody who could decide in advance
whether it will become a matter of necessity for
them to do so would make himself famous as
prophet, and settle a question that is ing <
good many of the shrewdest lumbermen in th
country. To successfully forcast the future
this market for the next sixty days, and be su
of hitting the nail squarely on the head, woule
be a good thing todo, but unfortunately, or
otherwise, an impossible one. It will turn ou
according to the ability of one side to hold ¢
and the other to hold on. If the dealers c:
keep from buying long enough, they will pro
ably bring the manufacturers to terms, while,
similarly, if the mill men can pile up enough of
their lumber at the mill, and so keep it away
from the market, they may force buyers to p:
what they choose to ask. It might be
what would be the result in case both
develop staying powers beyond the general ex-
pectation ; but it is not a likely supposition that
the enduring qualities of both sides will be
exactly balanced. There are some dealers who
must buy from day to day, and likewise some
manufacturers who must sell; so that the
market is almost certain to fluctuate, and move
in either direction gradually, according to the
necessities of the buyers force them to demand
more lumber, or those of the mannfacturers
oblige them to offer more for sale.
The Lumberman would be very glad to give
its readers a definite opinion regarding to prob
able course of the market, and of trade
prices generally, during the coming sixty days
but unfortunately it has none that it could
recommend to them as thoroughly to be relied
upon. Moreover, it has failed after a diligent
search to find anyone not directly interested ir
one side of the question or the other, who has
Ask a dealer what he thinks of the situation,
and he will tell you with all the confidence im-
aginable that lumber is going to be cheaper ; put
the same question to a man on the other side of
the fence and he will assure you with the utmost
gravity that, in his opinion, there is not the
least reason for lumber selling any lower than it
does to-day. There may be wisdom in multi-
tude of counsel, but it is a fact, concerning —
which the Zumberman has no doubt, that the
more counsel one takes in regard to the probable —
future of this market the less he is apt to know —
about it. The only thing he will find out beyond
question is that one man knows no more about
the matter than another, and that all, in point of
fact, are in a state of profound and possibly
blissful ignorance in regard to it. Perhaps the
best thing we can say to those who are anxious
to know something about the way the market
will turn, is to recommend them to trust their
own judgment and act in accordance with it.
One opinion is as likely to be correct as another
and to toss up a dime is probaby as good a way |
as any of deciding between them.—WNorthwestern ©

elm, however prone to assert its claim to beauty,
never develops its full symmetry when thus
maltreated. It gives you two limbs, and then,
from three to six feet higher, two or three
more, when you might otherwise have twenty
growing out in graceful arches. No doubt the
elm extends 14s roots into adjoining fields more
than any other tree. On this account, the
hickory, white ash, mountain ash, and especi-
ally the tulip, with its straight stem, that may
be trimmed high, if need be, should be favor-
ites with farmers for the roadside. Greater
care should be taken to keep the roots of young
trees moist and protected from the sun and
drying wind till they are ready to be set.

This work of tree-planting has been cordially
endorsed by the press and people of Connecti-
cut. The editor of the Boston Herald, speaking
of the influence of the rural improvement associ-
tions, now so numerous in Connecticut, says :—
“They are doing a work which will entitle our
prosperous neighboring commonwealth to the
name of the Garden State.’ Mr. P. M. Augur,
pomologist of the Connecticut Board of Agri-
culture, says, in a New Haven paper: “ The
season for ornamental tree-planting is at hand.
Allow me to second this effort to persuade every
town and village in our state to organize for
street ornamental tree-planting. Let the ladies,
if need be, move in this matter. Let a suitable
day be appointed, and every man be invited to
plant trees according to a specified plan, and in
the evening meet to report the day’s results,
and banquet at the hands of the fairsex. By so
doing, we shall think more of home, town, state
and country; yea, and think more of each
other. And, in the distant future, many will
delight, as they pass through the beautiful
streets, to recount this good act of their an-
cestors.”

In some towns an arbor day is set apart dur-
ing the last of April or first week of May (some-
times ‘‘ May-day”) for this special work, when
every citizen is invited to devote the day to
public improvement or to ‘‘ brushing up” each
around his own frontage and residence. When
every resident is thus stimulated to make his
own grounds and wayside neat and attractive,
the entire town becomes so inviting as to give
new value to its wealth and new attractions to
all its homes.—W. ¥, Independent.

nciple

|

THE MISSISSIPPI FLOODS.

The Lumberman and Manufacturer, of Min-
neapolis, says that the floods in the river during
the last week have amounted to an embargo on
commerce of every description in the West,
especially in lumber. It is hard to tell just
where so much lumber has gone to as the report-
ed shipments of last week indicate was sold.
From the upper Missouri through to Chicago
and down to Cairo the railroads have been
damaged and suspended, while all reporting
points show an advance upon last year’s busi-
ness, but for the week. Handling lumber on
the Mississippi is almost impossible, and only
such lumber as is regarded unsafe is being
moved and none sold. Great damage has been
done already to lumber yards along the river as
well as mills, booms, etc., by the floods. These
things are adding to the cost of lumber this

ama

a

formerly required every landholder to plant
trees along his road frontage. Happy would it
be for us if the sovereigns of our soil would each
make such a law for himself.

The trees named in the Connecticut Act com-
prise the best roadside trees for New England
and New York. The elm unites the two con-
ditions of grace and grandeur more than any
other tree. Michaux calls it ‘‘the most magni-
ficent vegetable of the temperate zone.” The
Norway maple deserves a place with our fine
American maples, being hardy, making rapid
growth, and giving dense shade. The tulip, or
common whitewood, deserves greater favor as
an ornamental tree. Many fail with this tree,
as with the hickory and oak, beceuse they trans-
plant them too large. It has a deep root and
should be taken from the nursery young. The
owner of the largest nursery east of Syracuse
said to me this week : ‘‘ You will accomplish a
grand result for arboriculture if you persuade
the people to plant younger trees, It is a great
mistake to plant big trees.” Trees planted
when large must be beheaded, and a tree never
recoyers from this unnatural process, Even the

year, and also reducing slightly the amount to
be cut, both of which strengthen the market.
From reports it is thought that nearly all the
lumber held on the Missouri river will be lost
and several millions on the Mississippi, besides
the large quantity of logs which have been and
are being carried away. The advance in lumber
at Chicago is well maintained and it only needs a
corresponding moye in the Mississippi Valley to
send it still higher in Michigan and Chicago:
The advance has been much greater in Saginaw
than in the West. Thus two years ago lumber
was sold for $5, $11 and $18 which now brings
$7.50, $17 and $35 there, while the advance has
been about $3 on common and $5 on clears in
the West.

Should Receive a Liberal Support.

We have received a copy of THE CANADA
LuMBERMAN, an excellent journal devoted to the
lumber and timber industries of Canada, and
published by Toker & Co., Peterborough. It is
very neatly printed, contains a large amount of
interesting news, and should receive a liberal
support,— Winnipeg Times.

parties to the fray are armed and equipped as
their best judgment directs, and are in readiness
for the struggle. Indeed, the contest has already
begun. Anyone interested enough in what goes
on in this market will observe that a skirmish
of no small dimensions has occurred between
the low-priced and high-priced elements in the
trade. If we take their action as an earnest of
what they both propose to do, we may safely
look forward to some sharp fighting before the
season gets so far advanced as to bring about
harmony among the operators on both sides,
The bears evidently mean to take something
more than a protest against the prices the mill
men seein disposed to demand for their pro-
duets, and the latter, if their words and actions
are to be taken as an indication of what they
mean to do, are equally determined not to yield
a point unless they are obliged to.

It must be conceded, we think, that the bears
scored a decided victory, and if so, it is only
fair that they should have the credit of it. They
did not accomplish quite all they desired, which
was evidently to induce the trade to postpone

Lumberman.

TIMBER NEWS.
During the week ending 7th of May inst., the
undermentioned timber passed through the
DES JOACHIMS SLIDES,
Cribs. Pieces,
Two rafts belonging to A. & P. White... 109 5,364
One raft belonging to _e & Carswell. 141

One raft belonging to J. B. Klock... ... ~ 74 1,902
S24 «10,466
THROUGH COULONGE SLIDES TO 16TH MAY.
Cribs. Pieces.
One raft belonging to J. K. Booth...... 7 ae 198
One raft belonging to Robert Grant... ... 44 ly

121
THROUGH THE GATINEAU BOOM TO 17TH INST.

14866 saw logs owned he's G. B. Hall & Co.
5,687 | J. McLaren & Co,
6,748 Gilmour & Co.

26,851 saw logs. And 4,871 railway ties Towned by
Hebron Harris.

—Ottawa Citizen.

“ “ “

Tney ALL DO IT.—Everybody
the teeth and breath, the newest, brightest, cosiest:
little toilet gem extant. Try a 5 cent sample.

uses “‘TEABERRY” for

J

\

| ne ee

GREAT FIRE AT TRENTON.

GILMOUR’S MILL DESTROYED—400 MEN OUT OF

EMPLOYMENT—LOSS $150,000.

Trenton, May 18th.—This morning at six
o'clock, as the night tower was coming off work

at Gilmour’s mill, and the day men going on,

smoke was observed coming out under the roof
at the western end of the boiler room, and in
about ten minutes flames and smoke were com-

ing out in immense volumes.

Under Mr. J. F. Burv’s guidance, a bucket
brigade was at once organized, and the fire
At this point the fire was

alarm sounded.
gaining headway so rapidly that the steam was
blown off for fear of an explosion, and seven

powerful streams were brought to ‘play on it

from the large brick tank which was kept filled

by the engine in the machine shop. In spite of

all this the fire spread rapidly, and soon the
main body of the mill, containg the saws and
other machinery, together with the engine room,
was in a blaze.

About this time the steam fire engine arrived,
and two more powerful streams were turned on
the fire, which was now raging among the saw-
dust and woodwork around the saws in the
southern end of the mill and gaining rapid head-
way. Butthe men at this time, fired by the
knowledge that their only means Of support was
being cut off, rushed into the interior of the mill
with buckets and axes and commenced to tear
out all the machinery they could get at, and as
three streams were now got to play on the inside
of the mill, the men began gradually to get con-
trol of the fire, and by eight o’clock, by almost
superhuman exertions, they had it completely
under control, and by nine it was out.

The boiler room is almost a total loss, but the
boilers, which were entirely encased in masonry
are supposed to be uninjured. The engine room,
which was separated from the boiler room by a
stone wall, but covered by the same roof, was
badly gutted, but it cannot as yet be ascertained
whether the engines are damaged or not.

The main body of the mill which adjoins the
engine room, was badly damaged at the southern
end, where the gangs of saws are situated, and
where consequently a large amount of sawdust
and other combustible material was accumulat-
ed. All the sawing gear and almost all the
belting was totally destroyed, but most of the
small machinery in the new wing (which was
built during the winter), together with the gang
itself was saved ; and none of the lumber piles
were burned.

It is known that the mill was insured for
$75,000, but whether there was any more in-
surance we could not ascertain ; but it is believ-
the loss will amount to $150,000. It is im-
possible to ascertain as yet the true extent of the
damage.

The following is a complete description of
the mills and their surroundings before the
fire :—

Entering the mill yard by the main entrance
on Mill street, the first object of interest that
attracts our attention is a large enclosure
containing several well kept stables for the
housing of a large number of horses, which are
used in the yard.

Further on we come to the repair shops and
mill, the machinery of which is operated by a
twenty-five horse power engine, situated in the
boiler room, at the northern end. Close to the
engine is a large planer, which is cabable of
planing lumber on both sides at once, and thus
saving a great deal of time. Opposite this is a
large circular saw for general work, and further
on we come to a row of lathes, and work
benches, a drilling machine, a hand saw, a huge
grindstone, and last of all a gigantic planer,
which is used for planing large sticks of timber
for framing purposes. A number of mechanics
and millwrights are employed here, work being
kept up until twelve o’clock at night, for several
nights in the week.

Passing out through the patternshop (whege

_ patterns for all castings required for the mill
are made) we cross over to the blacksmith’s shop,
which is fitted up with all the necessary machin-
ery and tools and where three blacksmiths and

_ several men are employed. Opposite to this is

| the immense water tank (0 feethigh. The tank

"proper (which has an immense capacity) is situ-

ated at the top and is filled by a large steam

,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

pump situated in the machineshop. From this
tank pipes lead to different points in the yard
where hose can be attached in case of fire. ‘To
the right of the tank is the general business office
which is connected with the town office by tele-
phone, At the back of this in the same build-
ing is the gasometer which is capable of making
sufficient gas to keep 75 lights burning all night.
This is only used in the summer season when
the mill is running night and day. Opposite,
and a little to the left of the gasometer is the
large sawmill which is driven by two horizontal
engines of 75 horse power each, the steam for
which is generated in 12 large log boilers situat-
ed at the right of the engine room. ‘The furnaces
are automatically, fed with sawdust, and require
very little attention. ‘The lower storey of the
mill proper is entirely taken up with wheels,
belts, etc,, but all the sawing on the second floor,
where the gangs of saws are situated, six in num-
ber and capable of sawing 300,000 feet of lumber
per day of 24 hours, At the back of the saws
are the edger, slash and cutting tables, lathe
machines, etc., and further on still is a new
wing, 60 feet long which has just been added,
and in which will be placed several new gangs
of saws, and other machinery, which will great-
ly increase the number of men employed and the
capacity of the mill.

Leaving the large mill we proceeded along the
shore of the bay (passing by the neat little office
of foreman, Mr. Hall) until we come to the new
cedar mill, which was built last summer and is
now running constantly. This millis driven by
a very powerful engine at the eastern side, and
ig devoted to all kinds of sawing which cannot
conveniently be done in the large mill. In the
upper story is placed a very large circular saw
which will cut through a large log, and is used
for cutting long plank, square timber, etc. To
the left of this is a small gang of saws, and fur-
ther back a butting table and saws for cutting
the rough side off the lumber.

To the east of and adjoining the cedar mill a
large shingle mill is situtated, which is driven
by the engine in the cedar mill.

About 400 men were employed at the time of
the fire, and were all present. We could not
ascertain whether Mr. Gilmour intends to re-
build at once or not, but.it is supposed that he
will.— Belleville Intelligencer.

Cannot Fail to be of Immense Benefit.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.—The Lumber and
Timber industries of Canada, probably the most
important in the country, have at last, we are
pleased to notice, secured an influential and
highly creditable organ in the THE CANADA
LoUMBERMAN, published by Messrs. Toker & Co.,
at Peterborough. The LUMBERMAN was founded
in Toronto last year by Mr. Alex. Begg, and
came into the hands of the present publishers
only a month ago. It appears in an entirely
new dress and will in future be published semi-
monthly, at $2.00 per annum. It has a vast
field and important work before it, and under
its present able management we hope to see it
live and flourish. It certainly deserves the sup-
port of every one interested in the lumber trade,
to which it cannot fail to be of immense benefit.
—Madoc Review.

A Mistake.

It is a great and often fatal mistake to take repeated
drastic purgatives for constipation of the bowels, they
induce piles and cause debility of the bowels. Burdock
Blood Bitters is a safe and perfect regulator of the
bowels, arousing the torpid Liver and all the secretions
to a healthy action ; acting on the Kidneys, and reno-
vating and toning the system in a most perfect man-
ner.

asap

Mothers who are startled at the hour of midnight
by that ominous hoarse cough of your little ones, what
would you not give for a prompt and certdé#h means of
relief from that dread destroyer of your children,
Croup? Such a means you may have for the trifling
cost of 25 cents. It is Hagyard’s Yellow Oil, the great
Household remedy for all inflammatory and painful
diseases. Do not rest over night again without it.

oe

DysrErstaA.—Strenthen your digestion—tone the
stomach for utilizing and assimilating every atom of
food you take; the body needs it for strength and
vigor. Zopesa cleanses the entire system, stimulates
the Liver, keeps you regular, and able to eat ten-penny
nails. Letters and postal cards come in daily, telling
of cures and help frem Zopesa, from Brazil. Positive
proof of the health and vigor it gives in a ten cent
sample. Ask your druggist.

pr

For all purposes of a Family Medicine, HAGyArp’s
YxLLOW O11 is at the head of the list. It is used with
unprecedented success, both internally and externally,
It cures Sore Throat, Burns, Scalds, Frost Bites, re-
lieyes, and often cures Asthma,

WANTED >

A COMPETENT MAN, with thorough knowledge of
Tram Railways, to go to Jamaica, to take charge of the
laying and keeping in order the rails and road bed of a
ten mile tramway, and when not employed to make
himself otherwise useful. ‘To a first-class competent
man good salary will be paid.

Address, with references and salary expected,

The Waterous Engine Works Co.,
Brantford, Canada,

EK. 8. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. 111

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER.
2-ly

dk POST & Co:

LUMBER MERCHARTS
And Shipping Agents.

OS VEG Cs) AN a

L12-ly

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuf.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.
b26

4112

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

White Oak and Ash

LUMBER WANTED.

ADDRESS

YATES AND STRATFORD,

b BRANTFORD. 15

Old Files

New Files

Manufactured | = RECUT
from the BEST BY HAND, and
English Cast EQUAL TO

Steel and War- rT] NEW FOR USE
ranted equal :
to the Best Im- PRICE LIST
ported File. Op) on application.
THOS. GRAHAM, Manufacturer,
85 Sherbourne St., Toronto. 6u11

To Lumbermen.

The Subscriber makes to order all kinds of

TENTS,
Hammocks, Tarpaulins, Waggon
and Horse Covers,

2 Also dealer in all kinds of OIL SKIN
Clothing, Nets and Seine Twines.

An is also Agent for the best makes of AMERICAN
COTTON DUCKS in all widths.

J. LECKIE,

46 Front Street E., TORONTO.

M. BRENNEN,

MANUFACTURER AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Lumber, Lath and Shingles,
63, 65 and 67 King William Street,
EEAMEn TON, ONT

MILLS AND TIMBER LIMITS AT SILVER
CREEK, TIAGO P. O., ONT.

Bill Stuff cut from 10 to 60 feet.
Posts on hand,

Orders sent to M. BRENNEN, Tiago, P. O., will
receiye prompt attention bl

6112

Cedar

-
vw

IRWIN & BOYD
Commission

Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,
shipping»General Agents
PORT HOPE.

WITH THE TOMLINSON

(PATENT)

BARREL MACHINE

One man and two boys

can turn out
One Hundred and Fifty First-class
Flour Barrels in Ten Hours,

made from veneered wood of two thicknesses.
inside is one solid sheet of veneer runn
barrel, making in reality one hoop from top ottom,
and in the outside thickness the grain is reversed, run-
ning up and down, finished with five he

many advantages cost |
than the old style of pack My barrel mac
arranged to make all sized packages froma lan
down to small nail kegs, butter packages and

boxes. Iam open to prove at any time the
strength of my barrel. That one willstand more hard-
ship by any actual test than one hundred of the old
ordinary flour barrels. County rights for sale, and all
information given by applying to —

JAMES TOMLINSON, Patentee,

113 KING ST. EAST, TORONTO. bi5

SAW GUIDE!

Self Oiling—Ready Adjusting.

__ G&. W. Rodebaugh’s patent Saw Guide will recommend
itself to every practical sawer. All that is required is
a trial.

Trial

No danger in setting.
&&The whole complete only $25.
Manufactured in Canada by

KERR BROS., Walkerville, Ont.

No heating of Saws.
free of charge.

who may be applied to for further particulars; or
address ;

G. W. RODEBAUGH & Co.,

b15 WINDSOR, ONT

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription ;

One copy, one year, in advance................. $2 00
One copy, six months, in advance..............+ 1 00

Advertising Rates :

Per line, for ONE YeAT......---- se ee sees sen en ence $0 90
Per line, for six months... ov 50
Per line, for three months......... Oar uye nee ge 30
Per line, for first insertion..... ORG ee ae aa 8 10
Per line, for each subsequent insertion to 3 mo’s. 05
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)

PEL ANNUM 2... pee ceveresenceesesersrnsnes 8 00
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)

LOT) BURL OMIUNIS) ayy nisteioreieve (cin) oheieielereln\nislalnirioiniete 5 00
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines per annum 5 00

Cards not occupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo’s 3 00

Speeial rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.
Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-

cular issue should reach the office of publication at
least three clear days before the day of publication, to

insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Toker & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA

LuMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
not necessarily for publication, but as a

writer,
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. JUNE 1, 1581,

Tr is said that Messrs. Irwin & Boyd’s square
timber, which has just passed over the Victoria
railway en route for Quebec, is the finest lot ever
shipped from that district.

SS

Ir is reported that a syndicate of Vermont
buyers have purchased large quantities of lum-
ber from an Ottawa firm at an advance of 10 per
cent. over last year’s prices.

Wer have received the Chicago edition of that
King of Lumbermens papers—Zhe Northwestern
Lumberman—which is in itself a very complete
hand-book of the lumber trade of that city. It
extends to 72 pages, one-half of which is occu
pied by the advertisements of those in the trade,
the other half is filled with statistical and other
information which must be invaluable to the
trade. Accompanying the number is also a
map of the Chicago lumber district, with all the
lumber yards laid out thereon.

Mr. Witt1Am Hamitton, of Peterborough,
informs us that he has had substantial evidence
of the advantage of advertising in the columns
of THe CANADA LUMBERMAN, inasmuch as since
the insertion of his advertisement he has
received several orders, and numerous communi-
cations with reference to work, directly attri-
butable thereto. We are of course glad to hear
it, and trust other advertisers will be similarly
benefitted. Readers of the LUMBERMAN order-
ing anything from its advertising patrons, could
do us much good by stating in their orders that
their attention had been called thereto by an
advertisement in our columns.

THE Duluth Lake Superior News says: The
amount of logs cut this past winter, will not fall
so very far short of the figures given in the
News on Jan. 6th. Some delay in getting the
logs will be experienced, however, on account of
the almost total lack of rain since spring opened.
On the Nemadji and tributary streams the only
drives that have come down clean, are those of
Graff, Little & Co., and Hall, Norton & Co.,
about two million, and one and a half million
feet, respectively. A. M. Miller and Duncan,
Gamble & Co., will have to wait for almost all
their logs on that stream until the June rise ;
Cutler, Gilbert & Pearson, are in the same fix
on about four-fifths of their logs, and Peyton &
Kimball on most of theirs, *

WHERE TO DRY, HOLD AND SELL
LUMBER,

Most of the manufacturers of boards, will we
think, agree that the proper and best place to
season, hold and sell lumber is at their own
mill yards if circumstances willonly permit them
to do so. In years gone by -cireumstances un-
fortunately forbade their doing so and compelled
them to forward their cuts direct, or nearly
direct from the saw, in order that they might
be enabled to keep things moving. While such
a course did keep things moving it did so at the
cost of much of the legitimate profits which
should have accrued to the manufacturer and
served to keep him in a state of semi-bondage
to those to whom his lumber was forwarded and
to whom it was hypothicated as soon as shipped
if not before the trees were felled. or various
reasons this state of affairs, is just now, happily,
well-nigh extinct, and in the interest of the
Canadian trade it is to be sincerely hoped that
it will remain so, The necessity which caused
it in the past no longer exists. Not only are
those engaged in the trade stronger than they
used to be, but our banks have ample means at
their command to enable their customers to
carry their lumber at the mills, rather than on
the other side.

While we put forward our opinions with due
diffidence it does seem to us that nearly all the
advantages are with seasoning, holding and sell-
ing the lumber cut for the American market at
the mills. So far as seasoning is concerned all
the advantages are with its being done at the
mill, because there yard room costs least, and
space being valueless, as compared with that
obtainable in commercial centres, it can be
piled with a view to its rapid seasoning rather
than to the space occupied. Then by drying at
the mill it is dried at the point where the mini-
mum amount of capital is invested, and finally it
costs less (now that railways are charging by
weight) to transport it to market after it is
dried than before.

With regard to holding at the mill rather than
sending it forward to be sold on commission
after it is seasoned, we think the balance of
advantage is also with the course we are ventur-
ing to recommend. As an article on the ‘* Bears
and Bulls” of the Chicago lumber market which
we publish in another column, well says the
ereat reliance of the Bears, in being able to
break that market rests upon the fact that
certain ‘‘needy ” lumbermen will soon be com-
pelled to sell for what they can get, and that by
holding off now they will soon be able to re-
plenish their depleted stocks at figures which
while yielding them a handsome profit, will be
obtained at the expense of the manufacturer.
Inasmuch as the ‘* Bear” interest predominates
largely over that of the ‘‘ Bulls” south of the
lakes, and as the commission men are sure of
their commission on our lumber once it is ship-
ped to them, no matter where the shipper may
come out, it seems to us the true policy of the
Canadian manufacturer, and of his backers, the
Banks, is to hold the lumber here until it is
sold. To send it forward and add freight, ete.,
to the money locked up therein is only to add
to the cost of carrying it in the way of interest,
insurance, and storage, while the seller can
always do better, when the buyer comes to him
than when he goes to the buyer. It may be
said that sales will be lost by not having it for-
ward, but while this may be true when the
market is getting overstocked, it would not be
so when the demand was good, and the worst
place in the world to have any commodity, ina
dnll or falling market, is in the hands of a com-
mission merchant—especially if it has been
drawn against. They are anxious to sell and
their very anxiety to sell only still further de-
presses the market. Now that our banks are
overflowing with money and our lumbermen are
in a sound position, no better time could be
taken to adopt the policy of selling from the
mill yards, If stocks should accumulate under
such a policy then they are pretty sure to aceu_
mulate some where, and it surely would be much
better to have them accumulate in their own
yards, where the least possible capital would be
locked up, where they would cost comparatively
little to hold and where they would serve as a
timely warning to curtail production.

As we have already said, we place these
views before our readers with some diffidence,

¢

but if they serve to draw attention to an im-
portant subject, and still more, if they serve to
draw out the opinions of some of those who are
so competent to discuss such a subject, this
article will not have been written in vain.

LEELA EEE ETE EE,
THE LATE T. W. BUCK.

It becomes our duty in this number of THE
CANADA LUMBERMAN to record the death of
Theodore W. Buck, the late deservedly esteem-
ed and popular manager of the Georgian Bay
Lumber Compay’s business at Waubaushene,
Severn River, and Maganettewan. Although
we have made several attempts to obtain such
particulars with regard to Mr. Buck’s career in
Canada, as we were sure would prove interest-
ing to our readers, we have been unable to other
than what is contained in the following remarks
which we find in an exchange as having been
made by the Hon. W. E. Dodge at the conclu-
sion of the funeral services at Mountoursville,
Pa,

“‘T have been requested toadd afew words to what
has been spoken by the reverend gentleman, who,
though a stranger, has kindly conducted the services.
Mr. Buck has for some fifteen years past acted as agent
for my sons and myself in conducting a large and im-
portant business, during which time I have had the
opportunity of becoming well acquainted with his
character as a man and a Christian. Asa business man
he was active, prompt, and most devoted and faithful
to the interests of those for whom he acted, securing
their respect and confidence, and to a very unusual
degree that of those whom he employed to aid him in
the important parts of his business. He wasa man of
marked business habits, securing in all ways constant
order and system in every department, so that the vil.
lages under his control were models of sobriety and
order. Strict rules of temperance were always main-
tained, and no one allowed to sell in any place where
he had oversight. Mr. Buck’s religious character was
to be noticed in his simple but decided course in his
family. God was honored at his table and at the
family altar, or with his wife and children. He was
active in securing the privileges of publie worship and
in keeping up the Sabbath School, acting cither as
teacher or superintendent. He enjoyed to an unusual
extent the best kind of religious reading, and although
not in any way forward in speaking of his own views,
he was very decided in his religious character in con-
versation with those who had his confidenee. God has
been for the past two years preparing him for the
change which, no doubt, he often considered as not far
distant, and which came at last suddenly. Only the
day he left Washington he said to a minister who came
to see him, ‘I am somewhat troubled at my entire
calmness and freedom from anxiety about myself. Do
you think Iam doing wrong to do so? I have com-
mitted myself entirely into God's hands, and to Him I
leave it all.” Thus he had been led step by step until
he had, without hardly knowing it himself, came to the
Same point with Paul: ‘For I know that if this earthly
house of my tabernacle be dissolved, I have a building
of God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the
heavens.’ I have seen Mr. Buck twice within a few
weeks, and was gratified to see, in all his feebleness, a
ready smile and cheerfulness, with no apparent feeling
of anxiety as to the result. He said but little about his
personal feelings, but did all he could to keep up his
strength and spirits, yet it was very evident that he
knew his strength was giving away. I feel perfect con-
fidence that the God in whom, through Jesus Christ, he
trusted for salvation, has been preparing him for that
rest which remaineth for the children of God. I feel
deeply for the dear wife he has left behind, for having
been often with them in their own home, I know well
the trial there was. It was the home of true love and
affection. He never seemed so happy as when with his
wife and children. It seemed as if he could never do
too much to make his home pleasant for all. May the
God of the widow ever be with the afflicted wife to
comfort and snstain her in her efforts to train up the
dear children in the fear and love of Him whom the
husband and father tried to serve.”

Mr. Buck’s successor at Waubaushene, ¢te.,
is, we understand, Mr. G. 8. Peckham.

a Se RT line St RS SEE OY

THE RIVERS AND STREAMS BILL
@ISALLOWED.

It is announced that the Governor-General,
on the recommendation of the Minister of
Justice, has disallowed the Ontario Act for
protecting the public interests in rivers, streams
and creeks, passed during the last session of the
Ontario Legislgture.

The proprietors of the Peterborough Revirw
have purchased THE CANADA LUMBERMAN from
Mr. Begg, and now issue the paper in a greatly
improved form. If the LUMBERMAN can be
made to pay at all, the Messrs. Toker are the
very men to do it, We wish them every success.
—GCrip.

' TAXING SAW LOGS.
To the Editor of Tue Canapa LuMByRMAN:
Carcit P.O., May 23rd, 1881.

Dear Sim,—As your paper is published in the
interests of lumbermen, I, as well as some more of
your subscribers, would like to know if saw logs are
legally assessable as personable property, or if they are
not exempt on the same ground as flour-mil] men
claim exemption on their stock of wheat? Also, if they
can be assessed, what would be the maximum value
which could be levied on them per M feet? If you can
not get this answered in your paper this week, I would
like you to write me, giving me your opinion. Also
state if itis customary to assess logs in the neighbour-
hood of Peterborough. I have appealed against assess-
ment on my saw logs, and the Court meets June Ist, so
that I would like to have an answer before that date.

Yours truly,
. Henry CARGILL.

While we are quite ready to answer the
questions put to us by our correspondent to the
best of our ability he must not assume that we
give them with the ipse dizit of one learned in
the law. By reference to the revised statutes
(See. 6, Sub-sec. 20 of the Assessment Act) we
find that ‘‘So much of the personal property of
any person as is equal to the just debts owed by
him on account of such property, except such
debts as are secured by mortgage upon his real
estate, or are unpaid on account of the purchase
money therefor” is exempt from taxation. As
this section of the assessment Act has not been
amended, so far as we are aware, and as “‘saw
logs ” in common with all other kinds of move-
ables, is personal property, they come under the
operation of this section, and certainly cannot
be assessed as such. Whether our correspond-
ent is or is not liable to be taxed on his saw logs
seems to us to depend upon whether he, like
most lumbermen, obtained the money expended
in getting them out from any of the Banks. If
he did, clearly he has a perfect right to deduct
the amount so borrowed from the fair value of
the said logs—which would of course leave
them worth nothing for assessment purposes.
Of course if, on the other hand, our correspond-
ent is in the happy position of being able to
carry on his winter’s operations without borrow-
ing a dollar from anybody, then all his personal
property, including his saw logs, is liable to
municipal taxation. We have never heard of
any of our millmen in this neighborhood being
taxed on their saw logs. The idea as thrown
out by our correspondent is an entirely new one
to us, and one which we are inclined to think
will not “‘ hold water” before any of our County
Judges. In the prosecution of the appeal which
he has entered, the whole matter will, we doubt
not, be practically decided by his filling up and
making the following declaration for the amount
of personal property which he considers himself
liable to be taxed under the section of the Act
which we have already quoted :-—

I,— do solemnly declare that the true value of
all the personal property assessable against me————_
without deducting any debts due by me in respect
thereof, is $

That I am indebted on account of such personal pro-
perty in the sum of 3————and that the true amonnt
for which I am liable to be rated and assessed in respect
of personal property, other than income, is $———

TO OUR SUBSCRIBERS.

By reference to the label on each paper, sub-
scribers to THE CANADA LUMBERMAN can see at
a glance whether they are in arrears for their
subscriptions or not. For instance, if they find
after their name, 2 Oct., 81, then, according to
our books, they owe us their subscription for
the year ending the Ist Oct. next. As all sub-
scriptions are supposed to be payable in advance
and as it-has been a continual out-go, with little
coming in, since the present publishers assumed
the management of the LUMBERMAN, and as it
will be necessary to still further increase the
expenditure in order to bring the LumBERMAN
up to the standard at which the publishers are
aiming, our subscribers would confer a favour,
as well as materially assist us in our under-
taking, by remitting the small amounts due by
them individually, but which in the aggregate
amount to a very considerable sum.

THIS increase of exports of $16,420,000 last
year over 1879 is made up as follows :—
Products of the Forest. .........$3,593,048
Animals and their Produce. ..... 3,506,973
542,336

Agricultural produce, ....

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Chips.

Oxtver Larour’s raft of 90 cribs is on its way
down the river from Lake Temiscamingue.

Tue water in the Upper Ottawa is beginning
to fall, having attained its highest level.

Parry Sounpd is to have regular steam com-
munication with Penetanguishene and Mid-
land.

- THE Ottawa Free Press of the 26th ult., says :

Several sales of sawn lumber have recently been

made at an advance in price.

_ A rart of timber belonging to Oliver Latti-

mer, taken out on the Mattawa, has passed

embroke on its way down.

Betz & Hickey have finished the rafting of
heir timber on Lake Temiscamingue and start-

=

_ Barner & Mackey’s logs, taken out on
skrat River, are now being run into the
ttawa, at Pembroke.
‘Tue British Canadian Lumbering Co. are
preparing to light their mills and yards in Mid-
land with electric light.
_ TRAINS on the Canada Central Railway are
expected to be running to the Mattawa by the
end of July next.
first drive of logs down the Napanee
yer is over the falls and been towed to Deser-
onto. The drive consisted of 90,000 logs.
"Messrs. Scorr & Wacar’s planing mill and
sash factory at Napanee, was destroyed by fire
on the 8th of May. Loss, $1,200 ; insurance,
“$1,000.
Tue log drive on the Upper Ottawa will soon
be through. The logs have been got out in
partly good form, not such a great quantity
being still in the creeks.
_ TuE barque Vibilia, which has just brought a
‘cargo of sugar from the West Indies to Mon-
treal, has been chartered to take a load of lum-
ber to the River Platte.
Tur North Star says: The total quantity of
timber cut for the Stewart firm this season, in
all parts of the Province of New Brunswick, is
about 100,000,000 feet.

A coMPANY is about to be organized to utilize
the sawdust produced by the different saw mills
throughout the Province of Nova Scotia, by
turing it into pulp, out of which paper is to be
manufactured. The headquarters of the com-
pany will be at Bridgewater.

Tue tides at Quebec have been very high of
late, flooding some of the wharves in the city
and the villages on the banks of the St. Charles.
Tt is feared the logs on the Chaudiere, number-

-ing some 40,000, are in danger. Should the
booms give way great loss will result.

OF the 6,300,000 acres to be opened up by the
Quebec and Lake St. John Railway Company,
3,000,000 acres are under license or permit to
cut timber, and about 180,000 acres are cleared,
leaving over 3,000,000 acres of land said to be
well covered with spruce, tamarac, white pine
eypress, white and black birch and cedar at the
disposal of either the Provincial Government or
private parties. The Assistant Commissioner
of Crown Lands for Quebec in the letter from
which the foregoing figures are taken, says that
if that portion of these lands) where settlements
cannot be established, is judiciously managed
they will prove an everlasting source of revenue

i it is well established in Canada that the tracts
of lands covered with spruce, fit for saw logs,
can be cut over every thirty or forty years.

Mer. Anam Hatw’s wrought iron shanty stoves
are rapidly winning their way into the public
favour, Nearly every shanty and drive in this

ality is now supplied with them and they
always give the very best of satisfaction, as
tested by the large number of flattering testi-
mials, voluntarily given, that have been re-
ved by the maker. It is not in this district

¢ that the stoves are known and appreciat-

for on Wednesday last Mr. Hall shipped
to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and has about

d a contract for sixty more, all to be ship-

d to the same place, for use on the Canada

acific Railway. He also shipped one on

to Penetangnishene, where several of
are already in use, .

VENERATION FOR TREES.

There is an old tradition that Abraham
planted a cypress, a pine, and a cedar, and that
these three were incorporated into one tree,
which was cut down for the building of the
Temple of Solomon. Isidorus, who lived in the
reign of Constantius, assures us that he saw,
even in his time, that famous oak in the plains
of Mamre under which Abraham is reported to
have dwelt, and adds that the people looked
upon it with a great veneration, and preserved
it as a sacred tree. The heathens went still
further, and regarded it as the highest piece of
sacrifice to injure certain trees which they took
to be protected by some city. The story of
Erisicthon, the grove at Dondona, and that at
Dolphi, are all instances of this kind.

If we consider the invention in Virgil, so
much blamed by several critics in this light, we
shall hardly think it too violent. Aineas, when
he built his fleet in order to sail for Italy, was
obliged to cut down the grove on Mount Ida,
which, however, he durst not do until he had
obtained leave from Cybele, to whom it was
dedicated,

The goddess could not but think herself
obliged to protect these ships, which were made
of consecrated timber, after a very extraordi-
nary manner, and therefore asked of Jupiter
that they might not be obnoxious to the power
of waves or winds.

Jupiter would not grant this, but promised
that as many as came safe to Italy should be
transformed into goddesses of the sea; which,
the poet tells us, was accordingly accomplished.
The common opinion concerning the nymphs,
whom the ancients called Hamadryads, is more
to the honour of trees than anything yet men-
tioned. It was thought the fate of these
nymphs had so near a dependence on some
trees, more especially oaks, that they lived and
died together.

For this reason they were extremely grateful
to persons who preserved those trees.

Apollonius tells up a very remarkable story
to this purpose :—

“* A certain man called Rheecus, observing an
old oak ready to fall, and being moved with a
sort of compassion towards the tree, ordered his
servants to pour in fresh earth at the roots of it,
and set it upright. The Hamadryad, or nymph,
who must neceesarily have perished with the
tree, appeared to him the next day, and after
having returned him her thanks, told him she
was ready to grant whatever he should ask.

“As she was extremely beautiful, Rhecus
asked that he might be entertained as her

lover.
“The Hamadryad, not much displeased with

the request, promised to give him a meeting,
but commanded him for some days to abstain
from the witcheries of other and mortal maidens,
adding that she would send a bee to let him
know when he was to be happy.

““Rheecus was, it seems, too much addicted to
gaming, and happened to be in a run of ill-luck,
when the faithlul bee came buzzing about him,
so that instead of minding his kind invitation,
he had liked to have killed him for his pains.

“The Hamadryad was so provoked at her
own disappointment, and the ill-usage of her
messenger, that she deprived Rhzcus of the use
of his limbs. However, says the story, he was
not so much a cripple as to be unable to cut
down the tree, and consequently fell his mis-
tress.”

TIMBER NEWS. |
During the week ending 21st of May, the

undermentioned timber passed through the
Madawaska slides :—

Cribs. Pieces,
One raft belonging to Wm. Mackey.. .. 85 2,336
One raft belonging to W. C. Croft....... 35 886
120 3,222
THROUGH CHATS SLIDES.
Cribs.
Two rafts belonging to A. & P. White.. 206
One raft belonging to R. H. Klock..... 74
One raft belonging to Wm. Mackie..... 85
One raft belonging to John Fraser..... 112
One raft belonging to Thistle, Carswell,
NG en eC AUDBOCUO Ine nnonar dodae 43
620

THROUGH THE GATINEAU BOOM SINCE 17TH INST.

996 cedars belonging to W. C. Edwards & Co,
6,911 saw logs owned by estate of late G. B. Hall.

Messrs. Thistle, Carswell & Co. and A. & P.
White’s timber are about through the Chaudiere
slides.—Ottawa Citizen,

SUN CLOCK

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CauTion.—Beware of Counterfeits. There are in-
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GALT, ONTARIO.

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Lrish Canadian Office a
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Proprietor Lrish Canadian

Send for ourggew price list of
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8

THE CANADA

THE COARSER VARIETIES OF TIMBER.

An eminent philosopher, passing through a
low attie upon one occasion, carried his head so
loftily as to strike the collar beams which
strengthened the rafters, whereupon a friend,
who was with him, remarked that he who look-
ed too high would not only run the risk of
breaking his head, but would lose sight of a vast
amount of beauty, which could be found only
upon a lower level. That this truth applies to
the experiences of every-day life is shown in the
tendency of human nature to search for gold
and diamonds because of a supposed superior re-
putation and value, leaving to the plodder and
economist the task of looking for the baser
metals ef greater economic value. This truth
applies with equal force to the searchers after
wealth in the forest productions of the United
States. The pine and tl@oak, together with
black walnut and maple, have been the gold
toward which the lumbermen has turned his
eager eyes, and they have turned his vision
away from the humbler, yet not less valuable,
sources of forest wealth which exist in the hem-
lock, black ash, and beech, with which our
forests abound,

In one of the timber growing States, there is
now an estimated wealth of $87,500,000 in the
growing pine timber, estimated at an average
value of $2.50 per thousand feet for the standing
tree. This is a vast source of wealth to the
State in which it is growing, yet in the same
State, unhonored and most lightly esteemed,
even to such extent.that its wanton destruction
passes unnoticed, are to be found fully 7,000, -
000,000 feet of hemlock, which, in the near
future, will be sought for at a price scarcely
below the present value of the pine, for which it
will be utilized as a most excellent substitute in
many of the coarser uses of lumber. This hem-
lock isgbo-day utilized only in the production of
bark for tanning purposes, and it bears to the
timber wealth of the State only about the same
relation that the hordes of buffalo upon our
Western plains bear to the meat supply of our
nation, as they are slaughtered by the thousand
and stripped of their pelts for the use of the
civilized world, while the carcass is left to the
vulture, regardless of the fact that a race is
being exterminated which can never again be
propagated. The hemlock tree of the North-
west, like the buffalo of the plains, possesses a
value, the extent of which will be realized only
after the process of wasteful extermination has
done its worst and no more remains to be util-
ized. The hemlock in one State, if placed at a
value which it will bear before the expiration of
five years from this date, would bring to its
owners not less than $14,000,000 ; at the value
which is placed upon it to-day it is worth not
less than $2,000,000, and, in the endeavor to
utilize the bark, the trunk of the tree, which
might also add to the wealth of its owner, is left
to rot upon the ground or to feed the insatiate
forest fires which sweep away so much of our
forest wealth every year.

But another despised factor presents yet more
astounding revelations of timber wealth. Thou-
sands upon thousands of acres of hardwood tim-
ber are yearly destroyed in the clearing of land
for farms and the buming up of the forest
growths which they contain. The hardwood of
the State in question, if valued at but 25 cents
per cord, is of the value of $175,000,000, or twice
as much as the value of the pine timber, And
yet but little account, comparatively, is made of
this vast source of wealth. The furniture fac-
tories of a mighty nation, the vast commercial
industries of the world, are ready and willing to
pay gold for this timber, which, to a great
extent, is suited to their needs ; yet its owners
fail to see the opportunity, and large quantities
of valuable timber are consigned to the flames.
The time is near at hand when a wiser policy
must and will prevail, and the modest yet valu-
able timber growths now neglected for the more
pretentious and popular pine, will receive the
attention which they merit ; and those who now
esteem the gold mines more highly than they do
the iron, will discover that in the latter is a
more enduring source of wealth, toward which
they will gladly turn while seeking the high
road to prosperity.

The proneness of the human mind toward
entering those ayenues which give promise of
sudden wealth is too well known to need com-

ment. The land of gold will attract thousands ;
the discovery of iron excites hardly the slightest
comment. Yet the iron is actually the more
valuable in its adaptation to the wants of man,
and in its ulterior effect in adding to his wealth.
The careful, earnest, saving plodder of 25 years
ago is the rich man of to-day, while the sons of
his millionaire employer of the former time are
his clerks, his porters, and his draymen. That
which is common in every-day experience is
neglected by the multitude in the mad rush
after wealth, but the sons of the rag-picker and
scavenger of to-day will perhaps be the merchant
princes of the next generation, the foundation
for their immense wealth being based upon the
humble and despised occupation which by the
multitude is neglected. These truths of every-
day experience apply to the now neglected tim-
ber wealth of this country, and a wise conserva-
tion of the despised hemlock and hardwood
growths of our forests will result in the accumu-
lations of wealth far greater in extent than are
the colossal fortunes which have been made by
the operators in pine timber and lumber,—
Northwestern Lumberman.

A GLUT OF TIMBER,

The Lancaster, Pa., Hxaminer, says :—Never
before in the history of the great boom at
Williamsport has it contained so many logs at
one time as it does now, the estimate being put
at a trifle over 300,000,000 feet. Not less than
50,000,000 feet isin the boom at Lock Haven
and along the shores, making a total of 350,000,-
000 feet secured within a distance of 25 miles,
Several of the mills will at once commence
working their men a day and a-quarter, and
they expect to continue this time all summer:
The river has finally fallen to about five feet,
and no danger to the logs is now apprehended.
Many of the mills will be taxed to their utmost
capacity to manufacture the stock now secured,
during the season. The rafting business, too,
has exceeded all former years. Up to the pre-
sent time it is estimated that about 1,800 rafts
of square and round timber reached Lock
Haven, 1,200 of which were measured there.
At least 1,500 have passed down the river, and
on Saturday night it was reported that over 400
were lying at Marietta, Notwithstanding that
such a large number has come down, it is esti-
mated that between two and three hundred are
yet back ; but as many of them are wrecked,
they are not expected to get down on the pre-
sent water. Such a glut of timber has caused a
dull market at Lock Haven. Buyers have pur-
chased about all they wanted, and those who
failed to sell early will have to hold on for a
while. Such a large number of rafts brought
hundreds of hardy lumbermen from the woods
to Lock Haven, and for ten days that place has
been very lively. Hotels had all they could do
to accommodate the crowds of men. One hotel
on the river, opposite Lock Haven, which made
a specialty of entertaining raftsmen, furnished
dinner to 400 men on an average for ten days,
and one day the number ran up to 600.

Two Thousand Dollars.

The easiest, cheapest and best way to secure
the above amount is to apply for membership
in the Mutual Benefit Association of Rochester,
N.Y. Pay Dr. 8. B. Pollard, 56 Bay Street,
one dollar for four medical examinations, he
will send your application to the head office, if
you are accepted as a member they will issue a
certificate of membership, which, on payment
of eight dollars, entitles you to full benefits as a
member, should you die to-morrow, next day,
next week, next month, or any time within
three months, this Association will pay to your
heirs, or assigns, the sum of two thousand
dollars, At the expiration of the three months
all you have to do is to pay your pro rata
amount, which is from 20 to 75 cents on the
death of some other member, who has done
nothing worse than to die during the three
months just past. By paying your assessments
on deaths, you keep your certificate alive, and
at the commencement of the second year you
are assessed two dollars per thousand to keep up
office expenses, etc., for the next year. No
casier, surer or better schemes to carry two
thousand dollars has ever been devised than the
Mutual Benetit Associates, of Rochester, N.Y.

5-113

LUMBERMAN.

BROAD WAGGON TIRES.
AN INTERESTING STATEMENT FROM ONE WHO HAS
GIVEN THEM A THOROUGH TRIAL,

A correspondent of the Chicago Dribune says -
I am glad to see your paper speak on the subject
of broad-tired wagons. I offer briefly my ex-
perience, which will answer some questions
asked by your correspondents. We keep in
repair a road three-fourths of a mile long, over
which we haul 30,000 tons yearly, besides a
small amount of public travel. While we used
narrow-tired wagons, the repairs cost us $100
annually, and the road was bad fall and spring.
Our loads then weighed one and a half to two
tons. Since we changed to broad tires we haul
two or three tons with the same ease and same
expense for the trip; and the road is never bad,
not in the worst weather, and the cost of keep-
ing it in repair is never over $10 yearly.

Our narrow-tired wagons had an average life
of two or three years. Our broad-tired wagons

haye run three years and show no signs of

failure, although they have iron axles and are
specially strong and heavy. We can haul loads
over meadows and lawns without doing damage
at any season. In hauling loads over plowed
ground we can haul more than double the load
we used to with the narrow tires.

If a new waggon is needed it is best to have it

made extra heavy and strong, as well as broad-
tires ; and, while it costs say double the old

style, it will save to the owner, by carrying

double the load and not injuring road or farm
the extra cost each year. Our tires are three-

inch, which on moderately well-drained land is
broad enough ; four-inch tires are only needed

on very sandy or very muddy bottoms.

The best way to fit up an old wagon is to get
new wheels throughout, even if the wagon is
old, for they will do for a new wagon when the
To simply put broad felloes

old one is gone.
and tires onto old wheels is not to increase the

general strength of the wagon, and the owner

fails to get the strength necessary for the doubly
heavy load which his team can easily haul on
the broad-tires.

I am also one owner of a sawmill in a neigh-
boring state. Last year we bought sets of new
broad-tire wheels, and put on our old wagons to
haul our lumber over the three miles of sandy
road lying between the mill and wharf.
result was that, while we paid by the trip, one
team took 900 feet of green lumber at a load
instead of 600, at the same price, and just as
easy, and kept the road in such good condition

that the repairs cost almost nothing. The saying

to us on each wagon per month was $11.25,
which would very soon pay for the wheels.

I would not advise reducing the size of the
wheels, for the larger the wheel the easier it

surmounts an obstacle. One who has not tried
it can hardly believe how heavy a load a team
will haul on a broad-tire wagon. We have
hauled on a good dirt road, already worn smooth
with broad-tires, and having several rather easy
grades, a steam boiler weighing flve tons with a
single team weighing 2,700 pounds on one of our
heavy iron axletree, broad-tire wagons (tires,
three inch). Such a load could not be moved on
an ordinary wagon at all.

Now as to cost. The wagon I speak of has
two and three-fourth inch arms, and weighs
with box 1,360 pounds, and cost in a common
wagon-maker’s shop $135. It will last twenty-
five years if kept painted and sheltered, though
in constant use. It would last the ordinary
farmer forty years or a lifetime. Three years’
use of four of these wagons has not cost us any-
thing for repairs save painting. They are too
strong to break. Once again to farmers ; Buy
new wheels, very strong and heavy, with little
or no dish ; but them on your old wagons, and
you will never buy any more wheels while you
live. When your old wagon wears out have a
new one made twice as strong and put these
wheels on it, and you will never live to see it
worn out if properly cared for. If you are to
buy a new wagon, here are the sizes :—
Take iron axles by all means, with 2$ to 23
arms, 2}-inch spokes, 3 to 4-inch tire ; bent fel-
loes, } inch narrower than tire; hind wheels
only four inches higher than fore wheels, On
this wagon a good 2,400-pound team on a fair
road will handle easily two or three tons for
long distances if no steep hills, and you may
venture four tons for short hauls, The wagon

team will never feel the extra weight, for
moves on the surface and not from one to fe
inches deep in mud.

The

itself will weigh 1,300 to 1,350 pounds, but you

The reason why so much heavier loads can b
hauled on broad tires is not alone because th
tires do not cut down ; there is another advant
age equally great: Look at any old narrow ti
and you will see that in wearing off at
corners it has acquired a round surface,
though made of half-round iron. Now wh
the wheel approaches a rut it tends to slide i
and tips the wheel on the axle, causing friction
on the end of the axle, and not on its whole
length, which makes it turn very hard. You will
always notice your team pulling harder whe
your wheels are trying to slide into a rut
can’t get there. A broad tire always has
enough flat surface, even when well worn, te
stand up square and turn evenly on the ar
The use of broad tires in cities I need not spear
of, as they are now so common that every «
can see the demonstration. I would agree to
furnish all the wagons for any city or state, free
of cost, if I could be guaranteed the amount of
money saved in repairing streets and the e
price of the greater weight hauled at each load
by using broad tires, and would pay a round
sum for the monopoly.

THE TIMBER TRADE.

Large quantities of square timber are coming
down the Nipissing Railway. Between the
Northern Elevator and Queen’s Wharf five
firms have their men at work forming the tim-
ber received per Northern and Toronto, Grey &
Bruce Railways into rafts. The following is
the business here of only one of these, and
others being pretty much on a par with it the
total trade may be judged according to informa-
tion supplied by the foreman :—They will send
off five rafts altogether this season, all for the
Quebec market. The timber to be used consists
of 150,000 feet of rock elm and 15,000 feet of
white pine, per the T., G., and Bruce. The
Northern brings down for the same firm 30,000
feet of white oak, 15,000 feet of red do., 250,000
feet of white pine, 45,000 feet of ash, 500 tra-
verses and 300 floats of tamarack, and about
$1,000 worth of withes are used in binding these
rafts. The foreman referred to says that the
past year has been an extremely good year for
the timber trade, plenty of snow in the bush for
hauling, and enough water by the spring thaws —
to float the logs down the rivers to the shipping
point. The men in his employ are thirty-five in
number, and are all English-Canadians, with
the exception of twelve, who are Frenchmen.
The figures mentioned above are those of the
whole season's business of the firm ; as yet only
a comparatively small quantity of timber has
been received. So far the Northern Railway
freight cffice officials report that no timber has
as yet come down from Collingwood or Mus-
koka, 123,000 feet of white pine and 73,308 feet
of hardwood comprising the total consignments _
of timber received; this is all from stations ©
along the line between Toronto and Colling- —
wood.—Globe.

Take a Pride in Supporting Liberally.

Tur CanaDA LUMBERMAN.—This paper, for-
merly published in Toronto, has been purchased
by Messrs. Toker & Co., of the Peterborough
REVIEW, and will in future be published in the
latter town. The first number under the new
management is before us and shows a wonderful
improvement in the paper. THE Canapa Lum-
BERMAN will be -purely a non-political trade
organ and will contain such valuable informa-
tion as should render it indispensable to all
interested in lumbering operations. From the
reputation of the new proprietors of the Lum-
BERMAN we are satisfied they will issue a publi-
cation which Canadian lumbermen may
take a pride in supporting liberally. It will
published semi-monthly at $2 per year. A:
Toker & Co., Peterborough.—Collingwood Mi
senger.

ne

ee eee eee

rope
theta 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy,
your druggist, A few doges will surprise you,

CLASS JOURNALISM.

We find the following valuable suggestions in
the Worthwestern Lumberman :—

The readers of the Lumberman are always de-
manding facts, and to meet this requirement is
often a matter of serious and trying difficulty to
the editor of their paper. Few of the uninitiat-
ed readers of trade journals can form any idea
of the magnitude of the undertaking that re-
quires a given amount of interesting and useful

‘information every week or month, as the case
may be, no matter in what condition of dullness
the trade may languishing at the time of its
issue. Like that celebrated character of Dicken’s
ereation, Gradgrind, the demand is still and

always for facts, and they must be supplied
whether they apparently exist or not.

Were this better understood and appreciated,
by the patrons of trade papers in general, less

- grumbling and faultfinding among them would
be heard—and let us say that the Lumberman
has no cause to complain on this point. In-
stead, they would, perhaps, aid their fellow
craftsmen, as well as themselves, by sending
items of interest, although they might not seem
of such to themselves, to their paper, and among
its readers many would be found who would ap-
preciate them as news. Such items also often

_ prove food for thoughts that would that would
‘not otherwise have occurred to the mind of the
editor, who, crowded, as he necessarily always
is, with the worry and taxation of mind inci-
dent to newspaper publishing, cannot sit calmly
down for an hour or two to cudgel his brain for
the new and original ideas that require only the

slightest hint from a correspondent to start to
his mind of their own accord, and be brought
forth in a column or so of thoughts and facts.

These, again, may reproduce themselves in
the minds of others, each time receiving new
additions and being improved upon, until,

- finally, some needed improvement or reform is
produced that may prove the means of a saving
and a benefit to the one who originally started
the idea by sending an item‘that to him was of
no import. Enterprising newspapers have many
resources and spend large amounts of money
annually searching for information, and al-
though this enterprise and expenditure is
bountifully rewarded by the gathering from far
and near of all sorts of items, new and old,
which the editor carefully sorts and prepares,
there still remains plenty of room for more. And
right here is where its patrons can aid it most,
for a great number of exchanges have to be
thoroughly gone over before sufficient matter of

_ interest to its readers for a five-line item can be
found. If you see anything in your paper that
you think not worth reading, remember that
you might have been able to supply the facts

for something more interesting, thus making
the paper much more readable for someone else,
too.

A general newspaper and a trade journal are in
widely different fields—although many so-called
newspapers are paddled and stuffed with super.

r fluous words and sentences, breathing tautology
on every page, for the sole purpose of being
known as the largest paper published in their
neighborhood, thus wasting money, paper, and
not only their own time, but also that of their
Teaders, in their vanity. But they have a large
Scope to work in, embracing politics, news,

_ Science, theology and a hundred and one topics

of general interest to the whole world, while
the strictly class journal is confined to the few

Subjects directly connected with the trade it

represents, and is compelled to harp on the
same cord week in and week out and year in
and out, with no variety and little change fur-
ther than the advance of improvements fur-
nhishes, as it is notexpected to be read by anyone
not connected, directly or indirectly, with its

Particular field. This being the case, the

Iumberman would urge its readers not to be

backward with any items, no matter how small
they may be, that could possibly be made of
to any one. They can rest satisfied
that they will iezeive all the attention they

it, and their senders will be kindly remem-
by its editor.

will only cost you 10 cents, and a
as a health restorin
of the Bowels, Liver and Kidneys, It

tor all diseases arising from impure bl
Sisordered worctlons, . tote
‘

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE TIMBER LINE OF MOUNTAINS.

Some very interesting facts were brought out
at a meeting of the Academy of Natural Science
of Philadelphia, concerning the timber line of
mountains. The highest Alpine vegetation con-
sists for the most part of short stemmed peren-
nials. Lower down are found dwarfed trees of
species, which, still further down the mountain
sides, form forests of considerable height, and
which, as trees suited to merchantable purposes,
make what is known to mountain travelers as
the timber lines. In the mountains of Colorado
the forests commence at about 7,000 fect above
sea level, and continue up to about 11,000 feet,
when they suddenly cease. At this point the
coniferous trees are from thirty to forty feet
high, and above the same species exist as stunt-
ed shrubs, seldom exceeding three or four feet

in height, and often but a foot, though trailing

widely over the ground. In this dwarfed con-

dition they are often found some 1,500 feet

higher up, or half way from the recognized tim-
ber line to the top of the mountain. On Mouut

Washington, in New Hampshire, which is a
little over 6,000 feet high, the timber runs up to
about 4,000 feet, while Mount Webster, a
mountain forming the southern peak of the same

chain, and about 4,000 feet hich, has little tim-

ber above 3,000 feet. Roan Mountain, in North
Carolina, is about 6,300 feet above the level of

the sea, and on some parts of it timber extends
to its summit.
oak was measured that was five feet in circum-
ference at three feet from the ground, and forty
feet high.

The question as to the peculiar course of the
timber line is a mooted one. Until recently it
has been referred wholly to climatie conditions,
of which temperature and moisture have been

regarded as the chief elements in producing the

result. The objection urged to this theory is
that the dwarfed and gnarled cone-bearing
species, extending so many hundred feet up the

mountain sides, never produce seed, which leads.

to the alternative of believing that the seeds
have been carried up the mountain sides in
enormous quantities and to great distances
from the fruiting trees below by winds, or else
that there were seed-bearing progenitors of these
scrubby trees, beneath the tall protecting
branches of which they had their earliest stages
of growth. The result of an examination of
different parts of Mount Washington favors the
latter supposition. As is generally known,
there is a railway running straight up the
mountain side from the base to the summit.
Near the timber line a cut about ten feet deep
had to be made through an area covered by
mature balsam firs. Under the trees moss and
dead roots and old fir leaves had made an earthy
strata of a foot in depth. The moss was still
green from the rains, melting snows, and fogs of
this elevated region, and sustaining the various
kinds of low vegetation common to such heights.
Young firs were springing up in great abund-
ance, but all the larger trees were dead, though

here and there might be seen a branch with@

few lingering green leaves. This mass of dead,
standing timber occupied several acres, and the
reason of the death of the trees was evident.
The cut showed that the forest stood on a mass
of large but loose rock, through which the water
from the mountain above rushed, carrying with
it all the earthy matter on which the larger
trees had subsisted, but leaving the tongh, turfy
matter at the surface, on which the smaller
trees of the same sort may live for many years.
With the death of the larger trees there is an
increase of light, and then the grasses and
sedges speedily take possession, holding to-
gether the loose soil and permitting, in many
cases, an increase of the earthy layer by holding
much of the disintegrated rock which washes
down from above.

A careful examination of the patches of
scrubby spruces above the timber line not in-
frequently shows dark patches of vegetable
mould, evidently the remains of larger trees
that have been growing, where now only the
masses of small scrubby plants exist. In some
places a sharp stick may be pushed down among
the dwarf firs and spruces, and the mass of
roots intermixed with earth found to be but a
foot or so deep over the loose rock from which
the earth has been wholly washed away. Again,
there are some places, often nearly an acre in

At a height of 6,000 feet a black

extent, where the scrubby first are still standing,
dead, from the earth having been washed away,
not leaving enough for even the moderate de-
mands of these small bushes.

It is evident that many of the dwarfed speci-
mens are of a greatage. Some that were exam-
ined were certainly fifty years old, though the

stems at the ground were no thicker than a

man’s wrist, and, trailing on the ground, occu-
pied but sixteen or twenty square feet of space.
—Northwestern Lumberman.

Do not let prejudice stand in the way of relief if you
suffer from any lingering disease. LBurdock Blood
Bitters cure others, why should it not benefit you? If
it is a specific for all formsof Blood, Liver, and Kidney
complaints. Nervous Headaches, General Debility,
Scrofula and all diseases of the Secretory system.
trial Bottles 10 Cents.

Wanted: ¥

A SECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER; also a LATH
MACHINE, both in good repair.

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and COMPLETE

CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteen
L10

foot head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough.

Reid & Co.,

WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS. Lumber, lath,
Best Culls

shingles, &c. Car lots to suit customers.
in the market at from $6 to $7 per M.

OFFICE ON Dock.—Esplande, foot of Bie Ibonrae
15

Street, Toronto

Hardwood Timber Land

FOR SALE.

FOR SALE, 1200 ACRES HARDWOOD TIMBER

LAND near Nipissing Railway, Coboconk. Easy terms.

OSHAWA CABINET CO., Oshawa. b13

Situation Wanted.

A Book-keeper of first-class experience desires a situ
ation with a lumber firm.

the amount of salary.

as to character and ability.
b15 Apply to the Editor of Taz CANADA LUMBERMAN.

The Stewart House,

Headquarters of Lumbermen in Peterborough, corner

of Hunter and Water Streets. Good accommodation.
Terms, $1 per day. » Free ’bus at trains.
b15 T. CAVANAGH, Proprietor.

Allandale Junction Hotel

Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 minutes
by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals. Tea and
coffee at counter. Fine brands of Liquors and choice
Cigars, b17 E. 8S. MEEKING, Proprietor.

Orillia House,

ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north o
Toronto; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free "bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE, Proprietor.

St. Louis Hotel.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size, style and
locality in Quebee, is open throughout the year for
pleasure and business travel. bis

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are well furnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free "bus to and from trains and
steamboats, h26

Reply stating lowest
cash terms or particulars to Box 1002, Peterborough.110

An opportunity of acquiring
knowledge of the lumber trade more of an object than
Unexceptional references both

deformities.
118} King Street west, Toronto.

BRACEBEIDGE.

JOMUN HIGGINS, Proprictor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) having lately purchased the ‘
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best
in the District of Muskoka. ‘Touriete and huntis
ties will receive every possible attention Free

and from steamboat wharf. Terme, #1 per day 20

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT.

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.
RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.

4a Every ace
LUMBERMEN.
L14 W. Dz

SAWYER, ENGINEER & MILLER

A PRACTICAL MAN to take charge of a Saw Mill,
Shingle Mill, one run Flour Mill, with power suffi-
cient to run alternately, situated on Duck Lake, N. W.
T., 500 miles west Winnipeg. Engagement for a year
and expenses paid. Apply immediately, stating ex-
perience, reference, salary expected, when could leave,
A man accustomed to our machinery preferred,

1114 WATERODS, BRANTFORD,

CANQES!

The undersigned keeps Canoes suitable
for LUMBERMEN, SPORTSMEN and
others constantly on hand. Price List on
application.

WILLIAM ENGLISH

8114

ommodation for Commercial and

McDONALD, Proprietor.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

STOREY'S “EUREKA”

OPRING GLOVE FASTENER, PAT?
W.H. STOREY & SON.,

ACTON, ONTARIO,
GLOVE MANUFACTURERS.

The best description of GLOVES and MITTS in every
b15

variety of material and style manufactured by us.

CHAS. M. LARSEN,

Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacquered and Enamelled
Woodwork, Turning and Carving in

WOOD, HORN AND IVORY.

BLGLIA RD. BAS

Turned and coloured a speciality.

&=MEERCHAUM and AMBER GOODS repaired in
first-class style. b17

77% King St. West, Toronto, Ont.

TRUSSES.

CLUTHE'S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
all attachments improved. No more
buckles, all on solid brass casting.
Book onruptureand human frame free.
Send address in full post card. Best
true information about rupture and
CHAS, CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
12u13

10

THE CANADA

AMarket Heports.

Orrick or THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, \
PrrrreoroucH, May 28, 1881.

From the full reports which we give this
week from all parts of the country, it will be
seen that the American market is decidedly
firm and that “‘ good and dry ” lumber is being
picked up wherever it is to be found. The re-
ports from the English market are not, however,
so promising, although our private advices lead
us to believe that yood timber will bring about
the same prices in Quebec this year as last.

—__@__—
Toronto.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Toronto, May 25th, 1881.—During the last
two weeks shipments of lumber from this port
has been exceedingly meagre compared with
what might have been done could cars have
been secured to convey the lumber awaiting
shipment at the different points on the Northern,
North Simcoe and Hamilton and North Western
railways. The principal cause of the scarcity of

lumber flats arises from the fact, that a large |

number of cars are being used in construction,
preparotory to a change of gauge on the above
roads, and after that has been completed there
is no doubt but lumber will come forward more
rapidly. There is no upward move in prices on
lumber for shipment to record, but previous
quotations remain firm, and freights seem to
have now settled down at $1.25 per M to
Oswego, and $2.00 per M for timber, although
some charters haye been effected{at $1.20 per M.
The local market is fairly brisk, now that the
question of wages has been settled, building has
been vigorously resumed, and yard-men look
forward to a busy summer, and as the mill-men
are now demanding acceptances of sight drafts
on account of their shipments, it may be fairly
assumed that retailers will also have to curtail
credits, and may thereby avoid making many of
the bad debts so frequently made during past
years, therefore the outlook on the whole for
retail dealers are bright. There is also another
reason why yard-men may look forward to a
brisker trade. During the last five or six years
wholesale men hurt the yard trade by bringing
down cars of lumber ahead of orders, and then
when the cars arrived, drummed the city for
purchasers, knowing that demurrage for deten-
tion of cars would not be enforced, so that virtu-
ally the R.R. yards were made retail yards of to
the loss of those who were paying rents, taxes,
and insurance on yard property. This will now
become a thing of the past. Unload quick has
become the order of the day, and retailers who
have borne the heat and burden of the last few
years of hard times, will naturally rejoice some-
what at this additional feather in their hats,
Prices at the yards rule as follows :—
Scantling and Joist, up to a ne cous

ae Ue ef 30 oe . 12 00
Us £6 ef PPA VOVEL TS Sonooogeod 30 13 00
GG ee * WG EE... ccevceeceenccee 14 00
we os Bt 28 tt caus e 15 00

a % ce BOMGS raceme Matsnes 17 00
Mill cull boards... ..cecsseceuns ..» 8 00@ 9 00
Shpping cull boards..........++55 weee nee 10 00@11 00

. stocks firm at...... Reretave fevers intefetesnet $11 00
Dressing stocks. ..6..... cece eee eeeeee elejeisysieieiels 14 00
Dressed sheathing and flooring, L-inch®,........ 20:00

14- iiieh/,Aeeeee « 24 00
eee BHElvin Oinsaleiseisere Siarefurufalelatevelo/ aimtemist islamic 17 00
ORR SAW SHINGIES SAP Mis cc cess neninecistneies saa. 2) 10)
TAMA Gbooo saGONCOOTOO oaspapg@auad Rimteirrattistateik wiaieisit 1 60

Car load prices rule $1.50 per M below re-
tailers rates on rail here, and shingles firm at
$2.25, and lath $1.30.

SSS od
Boston.

The general features of the market remain
substantially as last week, with a good demand
and prices very firm. Local yards are continu-
ine the increased call which was noted last
week, and dealers report a number of larger
orders at the same time. Both eastern and
western pine are selling well. Hardwoods re-
main very scarce and hard to buy except at full
rates. The amount of building going on is very
large, and a lively call is anticipated during the
month of June. Prices generally remain as
before quoted.—Boston Journal of Commerce.

CANADA PINE.

Selects, Dressed. .cicceseccevcss Raaenoann $48 00@50 00
Shelving, Dressed, Ists. SH DOOM GELOL +e» 40 00@42 00
do do ATLAS aiwresas eyerelelelsistseetete 33 00@35 00
Dressed Shippers.......... uieie'eiso sain sie sTum 27 00@29 00
Dressed Box........ « seceteereeeeesee 18 00@20 00
Sheathing, a quality. eo Aten Pinte abe © vine we 42 00@45 00
2nd tereteeteerserecese OF O0@35 00

Chicago.

Curcaco, May 18, 1881.—The cargo market
is not so strong as it has been. Piece stuff has
weakened noticeably since our last report,
standard cargoes being sold to-day as low as
$9.50 and $9.75, and inferior ones at $9.25.
Yesterday a load of Manistee stuff was placed
at $10, but this figure, so far as we can ascer-
tain, was not reached in to-day’s transactions,
Medium mill run is also slightly weaker, though
the range given covers the market. Common
inch has not fallen off materially. Standard
shingles have not been sold above $2.40 for some
days, and that figure is now put down as the
ruling price. Extra A shingles bring $2.50 and
$2.60. It will be observed that there has been
a slight decline in these, which is no doubt due
to the determination of the buyers that they
would not attempt to handle any considerable
quantity of them at the figures first made. It is
a question whether they will buy much more
freely now, though sellers hope to get along
without further concessions. Lath are steady
at $1.75, none having been sold at any higher
prices.

The stock of lumber for sale during the week
was the largest that has been offered this season.
Sunday and Monday a large fleet came in, and
at the close of business to-day there was still
some of it at the dock unsold. There are plenty
of buyers around, or to put it a trifle more ac-
curately, perhaps, plenty of people who would
be buyers if they could get the sellers to come
to theirterms. The lumber arriving for sale has
certainly not moved with as much celerity as
would be desirable from the manulacturers?
point of view, though the transactions seem to
cover the larger part of each day’s supply. Good
inch lumber is said to be in demand, and the
strongest thing on the market. Consignments
of anything ranging from number one Muskegon
stock upwards can be placed, it is said, without
difficulty, and at about asking prices. One
operator on the market reports a sale of 6,000,-
000 feet of lumber from number one logs at
figures netting him fully $1 more than the same
kind of lumber brought last year.

Indications of the course of the market for the
next wesk or two are not very plenty. The
bear element is hopeful because of what it has
already done, and the bull side is cheered up by
the reflection that its enomies have not accom-
plished as much as they expected to. Between
the two it is hard to decide which has most rea-
son to hope or fear. One commission man in
speaking of the outlook expressed the belief that
they would not be able to sustain present prices
without some improvement in the demand; that
is, of course, if the lumber continues coming in
as rapidly as it has in the last few days. The
Lumberman does not pretend to be able to pre-
dict the result, and it believes that is something
no one can do now. What piece stuff and boards
will sell for later on in the season, is emphati-
cally one of the problems of the future.

While lumber is weakening, the prices exact-
ed by the vessel men for bringing it from the
points of manufacture are getting firmer, and
even advancing somewhat. The rate from
Manistee is reported at $2.25; from Ludington,
$2; White Lake, $1.873; Muskegon, $1.75;
Grand Haven and Spring Lake, $1.75 ; Meno-
minee and Cedar river, $2.25, and Oconto $2.50,
Cedar post charters range from eight to nine
cents for Green Bay and west shore ports, the
posts to be delivered on the rail. These figures
show a considerable advance over the prices
ruling at the opening of navigation, and go to
show that vessel owners, for whom the season
must necessarily be a short one, propose to
make it as profitable as they can.

Receipts and shipments of lumber and
shingles for the week ending May 17 :—

Receipts. Shipments.
Lumber. Shingles. Lumber. Shingles.
1881......56,500,000 28,540,000 11,862,000 2,779,000

1880......42,073,000 20,243,000 12,763,000 1,833,000
Receipts and shipments of lumber and
shingles from January Ist to and including
May 17th :—
Receipts. Shipments.
Lumber. Shingles. Lumber. Shingles.
1881..198,842,000 102,232,000 194,425,426 34,764,000
1880. .221,194,000 119,627,000 194, 569, 000 33, 773, 000
On the whole, orders are not coming in quite
as freely as they did two weeks ago. Every
man in the country who has bought is clamoring

LUMBERMAN.

for the delivery of his purchase, many of them,
seemingly, not understanding that an unsur-
mountable barrier has stood in the way. The
slight falling off in orders in some directions is
due, no doubt, to the fact that most of the lum-
ber that is bought now is wanted for immediate
use, and, it being known that prompt shipments
could not be made from this market, purchases
have been made at points where no railway
difficulties have existed.

We learn of one cut list that has been sent
out, but most of the dealers profess to believe
that lumber is worth what the members of the
Exchange say it should be sold for, and make
no concessions. The lumbermen, it will be re-
membered, hold another meeting on Saturday,
and probably they will decide then whether the
list as it now stands can be maintained.

Sash, door and blind manufacturers report
free orders from all points in the country with-
in their reach, which is the best possible indica-
tion that building is general.—WNorthwestern

Lumberman.
STOCK ON HAND MAY 1.

1881. 1580, 1879.
Lumber. . fever. 228,25 238,483,874 194,180,957
Shingles.......... 73,698,575 115,116,000 111,350,000
DOQGH wep oce.nd aacic . 21,038,756 23,736,360 18,155,522
PICKGtG: Sinetevt 2% 2,693,844 670,259 390,905
Cedar posts......- 550,027 75,727 118,123
Hardwood....... . DL. 27D00G) osensetcno o0:vis.c0s vieg

COMMON BOARDS—ROUGII

Dr

Common boards; 12.in..:.. jc-ssenslerscvseuvenns $15 50

10 and 20 ft....
12, 14, 16 and 1s
Culls, all lengths. .

1} and 1} COM. .......0000 oe
TIMBER AND DIMENSION—DRY.

Small timber, 18 ft. and under................4 $12 00
12, 14, 16 and 18 ft. joist..........0.- dieceessees 13 00
% 13 00
ZEA, 20 foes ce ses ea sivele Bere Sei ar se. 18 00
14 00
17 00
17 00
20 00
20 09
. 20 00
2in. cull plank, all. widths -- 900
2x4 culls, all lengths...........sseccswceese= «-- 950

po

Albany.

The receipts of pine lumber, wintered over on
the canal, and of new have been moderate; they
have been turned in on sales made ahead, thus
leaving the market temporarily bare, and as a
consequence quiet. Prices are steadily main-
tained with a good demand, principally from
New York, Long Island and New Jersey, and
is largely for uppers—for which, also, there is
some local speculative demand—on a market
which for that grade is certainly the cheapest of
any point. The Saginaw and Chicago markets
are notably held very high on the upper grades
with perfect confidence on the part of the trade
that present prices will be maintained. The
new cut at Saginaw continues to be sold largely
ahead and at full prices, especially on upper
grades.

From Canada, the advices are firm and active
markets ; logs are arriving freely, and there is
not any further apprehension of shortage on
that account.

Hard woods are in continued good demand
and unchanged in price.

Coffe lumber is arriy ing freely by canal, and
has been largely absorbed by sales made some
time ahead ; new orders continue to come for-
ward and there appears to be no let up to the
demand, notwithstanding the deliveries from
the Champlain are far ahead of those of any
previous season ; of course no accumulation of
stock is looked for ; prices are firmly held.

The exports of lumber from New York are
very free; those for April were among the
largest ever known, reaching nearly 10,000,000
feet ; for the first four months the exports were
26,178,000 feet against 24,093,000 feet for the
corresponding four months of 1880.

The receipts by canal at tide-water from the
opening of navigation in 1881 (May 17th) and
the opening in 1880 (April 20th) were ——

Boards and Shingles, M. — Staves,

Scant, ft. ub. ib.
1881... 21,871,000 99 “1-900 358,200
1880.... 65,951,900 312 38,000 2,824,000

Lake Ontario freights to Oswego, $1.00 from
Port Hope ; $1.25 from Toronto ; from Oswego

to Albany, $1.70.—Albany Argus.
Se ee
If you suffer from any chronic disease arising from
Impure Blood, Sluggish Liver, disordered Kidneys or
inactivity of the Bowels; if your Nervous System is
deliberated from whatever cause arising, do not des-
pair, but procure a trial bottle of Burdock Blood
Bitters ; it will only cost 10 cents, Large Bottles $1,00,
For sale by all medicine dealers,

Burlington, Vt.

Prices are firm at quotations. Axsortments
are quite broken, but will soon be replenished
as the canal is now open. The first tow of the
season arrived May 9th. The projected work
throughout New England is reported to be very _
large, and we anticipate a good summer and fall
trade. So far we cannot report as heavy a —
trade this season as last, for the corresponding —
time. Our planing-mills, box and door mann-
factories are having a large trade, some of the
box shops running 12 hours per day. The
Whitehall canal opened, May 12th.

PINE.
1x10 as run, box out........... Hersees .. $20 00@22 00
BEI EEE bine cig hives pe edie» conics Sa 47 00@49 00 —
Ter puClWing a o20es7.. cree 0 eee ... 35 O@37 00
Ond qualitys§ ARcti..t 2e0.28 +ee-+. 81 00@32 OO
DUCKING D5. webriceman oppo « virreaneeel 31 00@32 00 _
shippers..... Da oes costs hedie a 22 00@23 00
DOR ies Svigt AES U2 16 00@17 00
1x12 as run, box out..... 25 00@26 00
BEIDEG ss seitgtes cc sea 48 00@49 00
1st shelving..... 37 00@39 00
2nd quality....... 33 00@24 00
pickings..... Po 31 00@32 60
shippers........... 23 00@24 00
Kes acct dene 16 00@17 00
1x14 as run, box out. : 30 00
Ki Kes 6 cele s EY 18 00@19 00
1-inch siding, as run, box out. 28 00@30 00
1-inch select. .........% 40 00
Ist shelving 32 00@33 00
2nd quality 31 00@32 00
pickings. . 30 00@32 00
shippers 21 00@22 00
POX. 50.05 Jhp «ode connie eee 14 00@15 00
1}-inch sidings as run, box out... ....... 36 00@38 00
Ke cis. ole'sid sie Pub oaks wages TOR EA « 16 0O@17 00
1}-inch as run, box out..... 37 00@39 00
bo: 16 00@17 00
16 OOa1S 00
i pions meee 00
1-inch ist quality sheathing, ge sy 38 00@40 00
2nd quality 0s) .iselvcs sab GOR 31 00@32 OC
3rd quality ee) he ¢ulgenitie 22 00@23 00
GBP CIORY:. ccc osseseet ines see paee ove OD 32 00
§-inch 1st quality, worked kxa 1s avieb ai a 27 pn 00
2nd quality... Senseo + tees weeneeeens 20 OK@21 60
Std quality >: ..2oc2.0 sep eee eee 13 00@15 00
All of the above are in 12 to 16 feet lengtha.
SPRUCE—DRESSED.
Quebec spruce, Clear isi 3.28 vest. 53 «..$24 00@25
* “ *'No. Linesnps wan 400vsnéueh 17 00@18 00
WOr2:02 cee corevetmanes 12 50
SHIMGLES AND LATH.
Extra cedar nee a «..-83 D@ 3 75
Xx : 250
2 25
425
325
190
———_———___.
Oswego, N.Y.

No change in quotations. The demand is
good, but the assortment is poor, All the good
lumber is out of market. Buyers have difficulty
in getting the various kinds needed, and country
dealers have run stocks down low. The volume
of business is much larger than last year.
Dealers are paying up well, many of them
taking the advantage of allowance for cash who
heretofore have taken the full time allowed.
The general feeling among dealers is that prices
for the present will be maintained. All the old
cut is now in second hands. The yards are
rapidly filling up, and shipments to tide water
are brisk. Canal freights are firm at at $2.65
to New York. Lake freights, $5 from Saginaw
and Cheboygan,

Quotations are as follows :—

Three uppers............ sen eeeeeeeeess Soo O0@45 00
Pickings, . ....s +. kaw | pete see =e 00@35 00
Kine,) Comman... . g0cespahaseeeee eee. 2. 20 00@25 00
Common...» sedan ane as dense «- 14 00@16 00
Cols! ves wesw eupet'n ks kKee seeeseeeee 12 OO@14 00
WGN som Jobs) ean ces <S< men eee +... 17 C@22 00
Sidings, selected, 1 inch..... . -- 32 00@34 00
42 inchistc. Mite de 30 0O@3S CO
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 ft....... 17 00@21 00
pelocted |. 22. Gecseeen . 20 00@25 00
shippers. << ./i5.,ccmeee 15 00@16 00
Mill run, 1 and 1} inch sana 16 00@20 00
Culls, selected ........ sae net . 22 00@30 00
Us. + cawds oweeene Mahe ewee . 12 Wels 00
1x6 selected for clapboards. . . 24 O0@35 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 ineh, pine 3 75@ 4 00
XXX, 18 inch, cedar. . - 30@8 15
Taath son Sime qncve ee ee 1 40@ 1 60

——_>—_—__—-

Buffalo.

If lake freights should decline materially we -
think lumber will go lower, but not to remain
very long. Trade is not quite as active as it
was a few weeks ago, which is accounted for by
the fact that the farmers are very busy getting
in their spring crops. A busy season is however
looked for.

We quote cargo lots:

Uppers. ........ eee
GOMMGR pe ce eam soe RRSRARNEAGS Aa So0sk + 16 CO@I19 00
Se. eee acne see bSRERN STeSeN es tees --.-+ 11 W@12 @
Dressing stocks............ eueuas-sahur - 18 W@W wo
DTGSSUN HIN eat ons wns cons cee 17 00@19 00
———»______—_

Yellow Oil is par excellence the remedy for Pain,
Lameness, Rheumatism, Croup, Deafness, Burns, Frost

Bites, Sift Joints, and oll feel wounds.
dealer can furhish it,

Saginaw Valley.

The Lumberman’s Gazette says the market
continues active and sales of good round lots at
market rates are of daily occurrance. Confi-
dence in the maintenance of present prices is
unshaken, no reason appearing why there should
be a decline. The supply of the finer qualities
of lumber is limited and sales of coarser stock
are more frequent. Among the sales reported
are 1,500,000 at $7.50, $14 and $35, 1,200,000
feet coarse at $6.50, $13 and $32 ; 2,000,000 feet
‘good stock at $7, $14 and $33; 1,000,000 feet at
$8 straight ; 700,000 feet at same figure ; 500,-
000 feet at $7.25, $14.50 and $35 ; 2,000,000 feet
coarse at $6.50, $13 and $30; 500,000 feet at
$7.50, $15 and $35 ; 1,230,000 feet coarse at $9
straight. Several other sales at about the same
range of prices have been reported, but these
are sufficient to show the range of prices.

The slight change in prices at Chicago will
have no effect on this market. The eastern and
Ohio demand keeps this market steady.

Shingles are in good demand and the supply
is not large. Sales have been made at $1.95@
2.10 for clear butts and $2.95@3.10 for XXX.
Some dealers give quotations at $1.95@2.15 for
clear butts and $2.95@3.15 for XXX, but we
hear of no sales at the outside figures.

Lake freights remain the same as previously
quoted, namely $2.50@2.75 to Chicago and
Ohio ports ; $3.00@3.25 to Buffalo and Tona-
wando, the outside figures from Saginaw, inside
from Bay City.

The shipments the past week have been over
20,000,000 feet of lumber, 6,000,000 shingles,
1,473,000 hoops, 229,400 staves and 500,000 lath.
The shipments are over 100,000,000 feet behind
last season.

General quotations here are :—

Shipping culls.............. Sista eieeiets oleiaree $ 6 50@ 8 00
EORMASL 0 3 Pe oradais a sate (njoie opie » dts . 13 00@18 00
MEE Uppers. ©... .-s.0-.200 0s eistetvialsiess,2'3 32 00@38 00
———_______-
Tonawanda.

The season is now fairly opened, the harbor
being dotted with daily arrivals of incoming
western craft, lumber laden. The arrivals of
pine for the week have footed up: From Bay
City, 3,976,000 feet ; from East Saginaw, 700,-
000 feet; from Au Sable, 470,000 feet ; total,
pine, 5,146,000 feet ; oak, 151,000 feet; shingles,
1,500,000. Lake freights have been $3, as re-
ported last week in anticipation. Several have

_ expressed their determination to hold off a little,

being sanguine of a decline, expecting to pay
$2.50, or thereabouts. The ice is now all out of
the lake and river, and there are no obstructions
to navigation. Wind and weather have been
very favorable up to date.
; Dealers report sales as only moderately brisk,
corresponding in this respect with reports from
all quarters, on account of spring work in all
‘other departments, somewhat diverting the
attention of consumers. Jobbers are waiting
for the stocking up of Tonawanda yards, which
is now preeminently in order, after a long
_ Winter's siege upon the piles. Another week
_will place the yards in much better shape to fill
orders than they have been during the past two
Months. Prices still rule firm, and we hear of
little if any dropping. The manufacturers hav-
ing held firm, there seems to be no alternative
for dealers to do otherwise than follow suit or
lose. Present indications would seem to settle
the outlook for the spring trade here, viz.: that
prices will vary but little indeed.
_ We quote railroad freights as follows :—
| relma to Boston or New England points, per

New York and Hudson river points.....-
“TS Pe ery ove
"Philadelphia, Baltimore, Wilmington, ete ....... 3

CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION.

ee ee $38 00@43 00
Is cen scrcccccs op ee ..» 17 50@20 00
te See Be PAC ++. 11 50@12 50
—_———_@—___—_
Duluth,

YAED QUOTATIONS—CAR LOTS.
Finishing lumber, 1 to 2-in........... -» $30 00@40 00
dr podes voedeesge0ve ++» 16 00@30 00
EEN pisgccveecres coeee 15 00@18 00
esse ses soscreccccvosce 10 OO@11 50
Oe ODEO OPOEL 12 00
amd joiste, according to size. Poet i 50@15 00
ICD cccctoscccce esscvce cosscccess. 2&2 OO@ 3 00
PP Cer . 175

He Montreal Caztte quotes deals to Liver-
at & shillings, and lumber to South

THE CANADA

Liverpool. i

On Friday, April 29th, Messrs, Farnworth &
Jardine offered by auction one cargo of St.
John, N.B., spruce deals, about 20,000 (Quebec
pine deals, about 4,000 pieces of St. John, N.B.,
and Richibucto pine deals, with spruce boards,
&e.

The attendance was limited to the local
dealers, the country buyers, who usually form a
good proportion, being conspicuous by their
absence, and the competition for the spruce was
of the most languid kind.

The autioneer went through the catalogue
twice, but £6 15s. being the highest bid for any
lot, the entire cargo of spruce was withdrawn.
A parcel of 2-in. Quebec pine deals, 1st quality,
was likewise withdrawn, £15 15s. being the
highest offer, but at that price two lots of 2nd
quality, 3 in. wide, 9 to 12 ft. long, found
buyers. For 3rd quality there was more com-

petition, and one consignment sold readily.
Per standard.

Ss. £ 8.
16 ft. 3x11 9 17 6
13 “ 3x11 GILG,
WS eit 9 7% 6 to. 9°10 0
9to12 “ 3x7 told 8 10 0

DIG GE Sy 50a DSPs 10°... 2.6

The St. John, N.B., pine deals were with-
drawn, only £6 12s. 6d. being offered for them,
and £6 2s, 6d. for the spruce boards, which also
were taken in again.

A cargo of Halifax spruce deals, just arrived,
sold at an average of £6 15s., and 800 to 900
logs of birch from same vessel at an average of

13$d,
a

Glasgow.

On the 3rd of May, Messrs. Allison, Cous-

land & Hamilton, brokers :—

Halifax, N.S., birch timber, 500 logs, 14 to 15 in. aver-
age, sold at 1s. 2d. to 1s. 3}d. per cub. ft., string
measure—

Halifax, N.S., spruce deals—

15 to 23 ft. 15 to19x3 1s, per. c. ft
15 ‘* 25 “§ 12 “ 14x3 «119d. ce
ei) 12x3 114d. ob
9) S267 <" 11x3 11d. to Is. ut
12 * 23. 5 10x3 114d. & 11}4d re
sabes Bs 10x3 103d. “
dizerc26) 9x3 ll}d.tollj?d. <“
Ousted: §* 9x3 103d. sé

12 &16 “18 * 8x3 103d. if

Halifax, N.S., spruce deals—

9 to 11 ft. 8x3 93d. per. c. ft.
DATE XS 9d. ae
Do. spruce battens—
10 to 16 7x2} 698d. -
Do. scantlings, 10 18 “6x3 93d. a
Do. deal ends, 5 to 8 ft. long, 83d. Us
Do. “ 3 and 4 ft. long, 84d. 5
Quebec pine, described as magne got somewhat dis-
coloured on board the vessel—
Deals, 2nd—
9tol19ft. 4x3 Is. 23d. Yr. c. ft.
Do. 8rd_ 9 “ 12 * 9x3 1s. a > aes
Planks— 12 “ 18 “5 &6x2 1s. Old 2
9 11 “5&6x2 lid, be
6“ 8“5&6x2 9d, te
Boards— 1 10x1 Is, 1d, se

12 “4tol0x1 11d. es

THE TRENTON FIRE.

TRENTON, May 19.—Gilmour’s mill, which was
burned yesterday, was built in 1852, and has
consequently stood for 29 years and during that
time not a single conflagration of any magnitude
occurred until yesterday. At one time no one
had the slightest hope that any part of the mill
could be saved, as the woodwork beneath the tin
roof was all ina blaze, and the fire was raging
among the machinery on the second floor, but
the large force of men present, and several gen"
tlemen from West Trenton, including the Mayor
and firemen, determined to get control of the
fiery element and worked with unflagging ener-
gy, some of them standing on the second floor in
the very midst of the fire, doing their best to
subdue it with buckets and hose.

On account of the tin roof no sparks flew,
and consequently no damage was done to the
lumber piles, although some of them were with.
in 60 feet of the mill.

After the fire it was ascertained that not near-
ly as much damage was done as was at first an-
ticipated, and it is now thought that the loss
will be covered by the insurance, $75,000. All
the boilers are intact, and only one of the engines
damaged slightly by the roof falling in on it.

Mr. Gilmour left town yesterday for Quebec,
it is said to confer with the other members of
the firm with regard to the immediate rebuild-
ing of the mill. In the meantime the new mill
will be run night and day and employment will
be given to # large number of hands preparing

to rebuild,
—_—_—_—_—_———_
The circulation of the CANADA LUMBERMAN is
over 2,000 copies, Advertisers should note this}

LUMBER, iM A 11

PORTABLE

Saw Mills, Grist Mills and Shingle Mills
DOUBLE EDGERS, LUMBER TRIMMERS,

Wae-THE MIXTER SAW GUMMER IS KING.

MORE GUMMERS and SWAGES sold the past year than ever before. The
stantly increasing demand for the “MIXTER GUMMER” settles the question of ils efficiency
and superiority over all other Gummers in Market.

The following is a fair sample of the many flattering testimonials which are constanLly pour-
ing in upon us :—

great and con-

West Troy, N, Y.

DEAR Sirs—Your Patent, Automatic. Self-Feeding Saw Gummer is a perfect success.
Yours, &c., EE. MORS & CO., Lumber & Timber Dealers,

WATSON, EFFINGHAM Co., Illinois.
GENTS—I am using one of your Patent Automatic Self-Feeding Saw Gummers at each of my

three mills, and I would not take one hundred dollars for it if I could not get another like it,
Yours truly, WM. ANDERSON.

CORINTH, Miss.

GENTLEMEN—The Patent Automatic Self-Feeding Baw Gummer we bought of you just fills
the bill exactly. We gummed asixty-inch saw with sixty teeth, cutting on an average of three-

fourths inch deep to each tooth, with one cutter without sharpening it.
tespectfully yours, WHEELER & WILLIS.

THE CUTTER OR BURR referred to in the above, (3 in.) cost 90 CENTS, it takes one-half
minute to each tooth, and the saw is gummed without removing it from the mandrel. Z@-ALL
SAWY ERS know this is a great alvantage, besides a saving in time.

We challenge ANY saw tool manufacturer in the United States to produce such an array of
unsolicited testimonials as we have received for ourGUMMER AND SWAGE,

Of course we have not room here for an extended list.

Our goods are now so well established throughout the country, that information can be easily
obtained as to their practical working from any of the Several Thousand Sawyers who have

them in use.
In short the MIXTER GUMMER is pronounced by all to be the ** BOSS GUMMER.”*

Send for circular and price list with cash discounts.

EWAN CHAIN for Sawdust Carriers, Live Rolls, &e. SAWS and Saw F urnishings.

Waterous Engine Works Co., Brantford, Canada

Wrought Iron shanty Gook Stoves

The Best Article ever o yer offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention tomy WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each 16
X 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbeimen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well Known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PRTERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.

Apam Haun, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove 1 have ever
used. You can, with confidence, ‘offer it to hofels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,

PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880.

A. HAut, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can rec commend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

HN V HLOPEHS.

My Dear Sir,—We

Apim HALuL, Esq., Peterborough.
especially so on drives.

it is very satisfactory for lumber operations,

ONTARIO
Electro and Stereotyping Foundry

We kiave added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A larjze assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.

FLEMING & SON,
26 Colborne St., Toronto.

In various Sizes, Styles, Colors
and Qualities.

At the Review Stationery Store,

114

12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

hy DIX OIWN’ &.-CGe

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BELTING

The Largest Manufacturers of

SHEET IRON ROOFING

IN THE UNITED STATES.

Can give the Best of References in
every State and Territory.

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .......2..+++- Ottawa, 1875

POTTER iIRGH ROOFING COMP’Y, a First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ........--. Hamilton, 1876
4 First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ............+- London, 1877

101, 103 and 105 West Front Street, | First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ............ .Toronto, 1879
CINCINNATI. < } First Prize, Industrial Exhibition .............. Toronto, 1880

4 International Medal, Centennial Ex.......Philadelpbia, 1876

All Kinds of CORRUGATED IRON Furnished.

Send for Illustrated Circulars, naming THE CANADA iY
LUMBERMAN, 1211

OAK HALLE

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.
b16

81 Colborne Street, Toronto

Nos. 115, (17, 119, (21, King St. East, Toronto. zag 3
We are the most Extensive Clothiers in Canada. AAA
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from. z q q
We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is full of the sss
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds. Evevn-?)
We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business 4448

on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.
We give a Good Tweed Suit for....... .. .- $6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 1 50
We give a Good Overalls for .............. 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lyL13

BRYCE BROTHERS.

Lumber from BRYCE BROS. to: Build the Canada Pacific Railway!
ae =) s

SWEETNAM & HAZELTON,
GUBLPH, ONTARIO.

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:
At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, lst Prize, Diploma & Medal for Best Square Piano

At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition -

At Brantford Southern Fair
At Guelph Central Exhibition

~

=
a Ee]
& : nt x ee /, g 3 =
# 9
Bae cP ot a
5° YW eee tC he: | ISAAC ANDERSON’S

BLAKE—“It looks lik it i pete ™ oa
ooks like good, clear stuff. It strikes me it is about Specialties : WSS Specialties :

LUMBER MERCHANTS. «./ANDERSON'S VALVOLINE
eae ang tai Sb 5 A =. For Lubricating

American Hotel, Corner Young & Front Sts; * *
TOR GN LOKI x xX xX

MACHINE Preserves
O | LS. the Metal.

These Oils are justly pronounced by Competent Judges

The Best Value in the Market!

A LARGE STOCK OF ALL KINDS OF ‘

MACHINE OILS AT THE LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES. ©

Newly and elegantly furnished throughout, Contains one hundred rooms, and under it the new CONSTANTLY ON HAND.

Steam Cylinders
Je It leaves no
Deposit, and

management is first-class in all its appointments, at moderate rates.
Free omnibuses to and from all trains. JOHN FISKEN & CO. ACENTS,) ISAAC ANDERSON. +
W, R, BINGHAM, of Bradford, Ontario, Proprietor b20 23 Scott Street, Toronto, ) “oe

a

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

DOMINION BELT and HOSE COMPANY

JAMES D. McARTHUR Manager.

Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting!
FIRE ENGINE HOSE, LACE, LEATHER,
OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, ETC., ETC.

STITCHED AND RIBBED BELTING MADE TO ORDER.
n@-Double Always in Stock. Send for Samples and Prices=#a

42 FRONT STREET BAST, TORONTO.

bI16

The Crowning Triumph of the Beil Organ| ]}V[O

The Bell Organs bave just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
and American makers,

ORGANS LEAD THE

This along with the unlimited awards, prove that

a Fie BELL WORLD |!

Y

TBP PION Puy

.Provincial Exhibition, 18'71
.Centennial Exhibition, 18'76

International Medal & Diploma, Sydney, Aus. 187

WH RECHIV HD
CHATHOReEL

6GLEl “XM [eaqsnpuly‘uvesi9O 10[1Veg 10}; [epew ATUO
SL8I “XM [eIoulAOIg ‘UBSIO IO[1Ieg IOj [Teper AIUO

OSst ‘eITersnyw foupsg 43° peveewrece

Medal and Diploma.....
Medal and Diploma....

The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market. >We guarantee all our
Organs for five years. Correspondence invited. ‘Illustrated Catalogue mailed free.

a ae ees. 25. CO:

41 to 47 East Market Square, GUELPH, ONT.

National Manufacturing Company!

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

b16

taanufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and
p! military Encampments, with or without extra roofs, allsizes and styles, white or fancy striped,
Mildew proof or plain, Psices from $5, upwards, Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)

OPEN FOR USE : made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP

—— gggZgt 2b? ZA jy BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent-
ZZ = ed; size when folded 2x 6in.; 3 feet long, weighing
DAE A A ae LO DZ only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the

weight of any man, Waterproof wagon and horse-
7 covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises,
IES Special rates to Lumbermen, Send for. cata-

logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
202 Sparks Street, Ottawa

nS

NA IRON WORKS

eee VT TAG IN, |: COoaST SE’.

J. H. KILLEY & CO

Manufacturers of Economical, Variable, Cut-off, High Pressure, and

—
———

g Condensing Hngines

Patent Circulating and Self-Cleansing Boilers, Improved Feed Water Heaters and
Patent Steam Blast Apparatus for Improving Draft and Economizing Fuel,

First-class Grist & Saw Mill Engines and Machinery
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS and STONE BREAKERS.

6112

OR READY-MADE CLOTHING

This House stands at the head, having manufactured Clothing in Toronto for over Forty Years,
and always gave Satisfaction to customers. @8-THEY IMPORT THEIR OWN WOOLLENS
FROM EUROPE, and Manufacture the Clothing on the premises.

GENTS’ ALL WOOL SUITS, $7.50, $9.00 and $12.00
GENTS’ FINE WORSTED SUITS, $11.75, $15.00 and $18.00
GENTS’ SHIRTS, UNDERCLOTHING, TIES and GLOVES

R. WALKER & SONS,

GOLDEN LION, KING STREET, TORONTO, bi19

WHITEH'S CANADA STANDARD

MANUFACTURED AT

The Canada Scale Works !

These Scales are Manufactured of the Very
Best Material, and warranted to give satisfac-

JAMES C. WHITE & CO.

102 Adelaide St, Hast, Toronto

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LUMBERMEN’S STATIONERY,

oh “nade

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber

Shanties and Offices at City prices.

Shanty Settlements Office Letterheads
Shanty Orders Office Noteheads

Shanty Receipts Office Envelopes

Shanty Time Books Office Cards

Shanty Log Books Office Notes

Shanty Reports Office Drafts

Shanty Ledgers Office Orders

Shanty Cash Books Office Receipts

Shanty Way Bills Office Blank Books

Drive Books | Office Ship Account Books

And everything necessary to a complete office outfit.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices.
Book- Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.
Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

TOKER & CO,

“ THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”
PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

THE CANADA LUMBE tMAN. i)

M. Covel’s Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW MILL crip

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Mac

S/ FA M ree / sizes of Gang or Circular Mille, Span or Do uble Circular
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
I would also call special attention to my Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, cy at
; e mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a fir
: a
Heavy Circular Saw Mills class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, sma!) HandgGum
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws eres y
and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mil
Feed, having put inseveral which are giving the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :— H orizontal Engl nes and Bo ‘- e is

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880, f HN :

Wa. HAMILTON, I'sq., Peterborough. :

DEAR SrtR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; itis admitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put it into my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
jonging toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute.
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. 1 am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting Jong or short logs. I consider 1 have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I[ not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurs

CORLISS

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them babs gas at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour, L10

|

me a

Ki

TORONTO, August 11th, 1880.

iM
Wm. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.
DEAR S1R—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen- =
didly. Yours, &c,,

= ie;
WILLIAM HAMILTON - - PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

OTTON & BRO. G. B. MEADOWS,

HEADQUARTERS FOR MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN

eS LUMBERMENS SUPPLIES L2z772bermens Supplies,

SHIT AN Ty STOVE Ss, Hotel and General House Furnishing Goods, Cooking Ranges and Stoves.
Shingle Bands, Tinware & Household Furnishings HOT AIR FURNACES. &c

In Large or Small Quantities, at Wholesale Rates. 6110

:

Wholesale Dealer in Tinware, Sheet, Copper & Brass Goods, Coal Oil and Lamp Goods.

OTTON & BRO., Dunlop St., BARRIE, ONT. sor OOMIMACIOR POR BUMLDERS’ 108 WORK
DUNLOP STREET, Cor. Railway Square, BARRIE, ONT. |

T; ~ MON THEY
$1.50 rpaR ANNUM op: 15 -PaR NUMBER
FOR os SALE = _BY “ALL os _ BOOKSELLERS

a a A Ww
TORONTO, ONT.

ti i e

Perera era Paes

The QUEEN'S HOTEL, TORONTO. CANADA

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.
Tf Potronized by Royalty and the,best:families. Prices graduated according torooms, b17

TORBNTO ENC £0.

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

AMES ROBERTSON & CO.

LTORONTLO, ONTARIO,

MANUFACTURERS OF EVERY VARIETY OF

Yreular, Mall and Gan o Saws

INSERTED TOOTH SAWS

AL | pase Cee Aal e See

itl

.

gt)

7

SAW S BRE PA lhe
EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SEND FOR PRICES. 6113

Solld Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statisties show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, cesting $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them In stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
nn article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Ilardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock.
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round,
or beveled. Probably seven- eigtns of all in use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are:

12x} )
; 10x} ) 12x |
<i 1 ee me: NG 12xi | Holes,
ey Oe 10x} (+ in, hole. 12x2 { 3, { and Linch.
oss 10x28 | 12x} |
12xi J

Probably more wheels 12xj, 12x} and 12xj are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 4x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won’t touch it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will! shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over It once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale,

A @QmahSsTrlilowm OF Get tia

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“Extra Soft’ wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of tbe wheel is more than made up by the money saved on wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet thelr views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities o match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Tuanite Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world, Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “ Class 2.”
1t cuts fast and keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the “ Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as “ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiner in grain and softer than either of the above. As a Saw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” ul
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat. :

IMustrated Cireulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.

The Tanite Go, Stroudsburg, Monroe Go, Pennsylvania

~-CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

_ keep a fair supply ourselves.

PUBLISHED - )
SEMI-MONTHLY. {

( SUBSCRIPTION

1 $2.00 PER ANNU mM.

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

VOL. 1.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., JUNE 15, 1881.

NO. 16.

FORESTRY AND ABORICULTURE.
BEING THE FOURTH CHAPTER OF THE REPORT OF
THE ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COMMISSION.

Planting Waste Lands.

For planting on waste lands, either inacces-
sible to cultivation or of a soil too poor to repay
cultivation, the European larch has already
been mentioned. Mr. Leslie, referring to this
tree, says :—

“‘Tt is suited to our climate, being perfectly
hardy, and very easy to transplant in the spring,
It requires early transplanting, though later in
the season it will thrive if transplanted, provid.
ed the roots are kept moist. As a rule, how-
ever, it should be planted as soon as the frost is
out of the ground, or as late in the fall as pos-
sible before the permanent freezing of the
ground. It can be imported at about the same
price as the Norway spruce.

**T would not recommend planting them after
they attain a height of more than eighteen
inches or two feet ; they are a little impatient of
being moved after that time. There is not a
large supply of them kept in this country ; we
If very large

_ quantities were required, as for instance, if rail-

in height.”

way companies should go into their cultivation,
they would have to be imported to meet the

demand.
“The firm of Douglas & Co., Waukeegon, in

the States, grow them by the million. The
prices in the old country, however, are less than
those in the States, and in either case there is a
duty on the trees when imported here.”

For belts, Mr. Leslie would plant European
larches three or four deep.

‘* Hitherto,” he says, “‘ the tree has been used
more for shelter than anything else. I have no
doubt of its success under good management.
In our own place we have some trees thirty feet

a eS
Cost of Tree Planting.

With regard to the cost of trees purchased
from the nurserymen, Mr. Beadle says :—

** As to the cost per acre of such forest plant-
ing, young black walnut trees can be bought of
the nurserymen who have been growing them,
at about $12.50 or $12 per hundred for trees
about four feet high. Chestnuts can be bought
at about the same figure. I know of no planta-
tions where the hard maple, could be bought at
any figure. Nurserymen have confined them-

_ selves mostly to the horse chestnut and moun:

tain azh for tree planting.”
“Mr. Leslie says :—-°

English ash are also very desirable. Those
I have named I regard as the very choicest.
Tn large numbers I imagine these trees could be
for about twenty-five cents apiece when
eight feet in height, whichI regard as the
size for planting. They would be trees

“The American elm, the Scottish elm, and |

| severity of the winter.

raised in this country, but they would have to
be nursery grown, or transplanted from the
woods.”

-Of the cost of Norway spruce Mr. Beadle
says :—

“Tt is grown by nurserymen both in Europe
and America by millions. They can be bought
from one to two feet high for $10 to $15 a
hundred, and if taken younger can be bought
for still less.”

Mr. Leslie, on the same point, says :—

““ We sell these imported trees at from $30 to
$40 a thousand—three or four cents apiece—that
is to say the 15-inch ones. The 18-inch ones
would be transplanted two years in this country
and cannot be sold for less than $60 a thousand.
If large numbers were taken they could be sold
at a much cheaper rate, say 25 per cent. off. If
we could depend upon getting them every year
in the same condition, they could be sold
cheaper still, but we have to take an average.”

The difference in age and size is, of course, an
important factor in calculating the cost. Dr.
James Brown in his evidence says, with regard
to the cost of imported trees :—

*“T have been just now at Leslie’s nurseries,
and find, there that such plants as the Scotch
pine and other sorts of pine would cost about
five cents each. To plant an acre at that rate
would cost $50 for plants alone, independent of
planting them. This rate is reckoned when
planting the trees six feet apart. I think I
would advise planting them as close as that. I
don’t think there is any reason why the price
could not be greatly reduced by having exten-
sive nurseries, in fact there is no doubt about
it.

““Mr. Leslie said that if he had extensive
orders for them he could afford to sell them
cheaper, but at present he has no encouzage-
ment todo so, In the matter of reclothing the
country with forest trees, the first thing
essential is to establish large nurseries for the
purpose of raising young trees. I think that
trees suitable for replanting could be raised so
as to sell on an average for $8 a thousand.

“You can get the same plants in Scotland for
a third of that. The difference between the
price here and there would be owing to the
difficulty of rearing them here on account of the
In Scotland they re-
quire no protection, but they would require to
be protected here while they were young.”

In reference to the question of cost, Mr.
Leslie in his own evidence repeated the remark
he had made to Dr. James Brown. There can
be no doubt that trees can in large numbers be
grown at a very small cost indeed, but, so far,
in Canada, between the very ued amount of
planting that has been going on and the acces-
sibility of woodlands affording a cheap supply
of trees of some sort or condition, the nursery
demand has been comparatively insignificant,
and no sufficient encouragement has been giyen

to induce nurserymen to raise forest trees in |
great numbers. As to the actual cost of plant- |
ing a given area Mr. Leslie says :— |

“The trees would cost about 5 cents each, say |
6 cents with the planting. In other words, the |
north and west sides of the field could be pro-
tected at a cost of very little over $6 an acre, or
say $7.50 with the planting.”

Tn his evidence on general farming and other |
subjects, Professor Brown, of Guelph, gave the
following as his estimate of the cost of planting |
out‘forest trees, and his opinion as to the mode
of planting. He said :—

“Upon the subject of forestry, I will show |
you what it costs per acre to put down young
trees taken from your own or a neighbor’s bush, |
a method of replanting which can be adopted at
the least possible expense, and I think with the
greatest possible success.

“Tn selecting trees for replanting, it is best to
keep on the small side. It is a great mistake to
go into six or eight feet trees if you want rapid
success. Two or three feet trees will ultimately
do much better. I think it is an important
point gained if we can show the Canadian
farmer how he can be his own nurseryman and |
do his own replanting.

“There are thousands of young trees in every |
farmers’ neighborhood which need cost him
nothing but the expense of collecting them. If
he has to pay ten cents to a nurseryman for
every tree he plants, he will do very pu in
that way.

““T have been in the habit of planting one
and a half million of trees a year and they did
not cost more than ten shillings and sixpence a |
thousand, and if our Government or private |
parties took the nursery management of such
trees, I think they could be produced in Ontario
at less than eight dollars a thousand.

‘*T have started an experiment upon this sub-
ject upon the Model Farm at Guelph, and I |
have found the cost to be as follows per acre :— |

Clearing and preparing the ground..,.......... $9 44
REPT OAPLUS sistetetateretssefotaie c\cietalalelcteleleievelsinie eicteivts ole s 8 88
IME NCIN Pre faiocacalvlolersluvelsielslalo’s sietslais ivi ajslsic c)eiult)sisie e/sicje 475)
JAINA Oo od 6000 deCOdbdOd BUUbIEdO OOS n05 deg abNn 11 50|
PYUNING 2.2. cccncsseccercerececterceseeesacscs 0 75
PVCPUIC HALE Ofer acelataateleleterate’atctelslelw'etelelereleruleterefats clcra/cyeisiele 2 25
Taking trees from the forest...........s++..0... 18 50
ELOG Lin pirierete che okarn ola tyvikiete vie sisted afolateistaielofeisi~ stele\eleip 0 50
Ma bAMRCOSE anteieieie artes clalahetein aie eis'elnleiswisiclecelere $56 57

“Tf the farmer does not estimate the value’of |
his own labour, and of the labour of his horses,
you may reduce that about one-half.

“*T do not believe in manuring forest trees—I
have never seen any good effect from it, and I
am expressing not only my own experience, but
the experience of others dating fifty years back.

*“ We have had evidence of great weight that
trees should not be planted less than six or
cig apart, and that gives about 900 trecs
to the acre. We planted that number this
season, and there are now 715 alive and doing

| the soil, being more open,

well, showing an actual death-rate of one-fifth,

The deaths, however, occurred principally

| among the pine and spruce, apart from these,

the deaths were comparatively few.
“*Tn planting strips of wood for the protection

of crops, I cannot recommend anything but

| standard trees.”

ees
Effects of Forests on Moisture.
The effects of forests on rain and snow fall is
a subject that has attracted much attention in
some European countries, and is admitted to be
one that is being practically illustrated in our
own experience, although, up to the present

| time, no such system of experiments or inquiries

have been adopted as to identify, with scientific

| accuracy, the relations of the clearing of the

land to be diminished moisture. Still, every-
body mentally attributes the latter result to the
former cause. Something more may be said in
regard to this matter when the evidence on
meteorology in relation to agriculture is under
review. Meantime, the following extracts from
the report of Dr. Hough, already referred to,
will describe, in a few words, the part played

by forest trees in relation to this branch of

nature’s economy :—

“*It is a matter of common remark that our
streams diminish as the woodlands are cleared
away, So as to materially injure the manufac-
turing interests depending upon hydraulic
power, and to require new sources of supply for
our State canals, and for the use of cities and
large towns. Many streams once navigable are
now entirely worthless for this use. The mode
in which this influence operates will be readily
understood when we “consider the effects of
forests upon the humidity and_ temperature of
the air.

‘A deciduous tree, during the season when
in foliage, is csnstantly drawing from the earth,
and giving off from its leaves a considerable
amount of moisture, and in some cases this
amount is very-great. This change of state
from a fluid to a gaseous condition, is a cooling
process, and the air near the surface, being
secured from the sun and from the winds, be-
comes, by this means, so humid that a rank,
succulent vegetation often springs up and
thrives, which in an open field would wither
and perish in an hour. The air being thus
charged with moisture and cooled, does not
take up by evaporation the rains which fall, and
readily allows the
water from melting snows and from showers to
sink into the earth, from whence a portion
appears in springs and in swamps, which give
rise to rills and streams.

‘““The air at all times holds more or less
watery vapour in suspension, and its capacity
for doing so is increased as the temperature is
raised, not by a steadily gaining rate, but more
rapidly as the heat is increased. There can be
no evaporation when the air is saturated with

2

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. a

moisture, and no deposit of water in any form
until the temperature is reduced to the point of
It is not yet determined as to how
far the cooling and moistening influence of a
grove may extend. It must depend upon many
circumstances, and especially upon the slope of
the surface and the direction of the winds. The
effect is often apparent to the eye from the
in adjacent flelds for

saturation.

freshness of the herbage
many rods in width.”

“The effect of woodlands in retaining snows
where they fall, and in delaying their melting in
the spring, has been everywhere observed in
In such localities the snow
cannot be drifted by the winds and when it
melts it disappears slowly, sinking into the soil
rather than flowing off upon the surface. The
effect of this delay in checking a too-early ap-

snowy countries.

pearance of fruit blossoms, cannot be mistaken,

The result is in fact similar to that of consider-
able areas of water, such as our northern lakes,
along the borders of which, and especially on
the lee-side, fruits are found to flourish with the
In a country interspersed
with clumps and belts of woodlands, the snows
drift less and their melting more evenly over
the surface cannot fail to be beneficial to the
interests of agriculture, and more especially to

greatest success.

”

meadows and pastures.
—<—$—$———<——

Concluding Remarks on Forestry.

The Commissioners during the progress of

their investigations under this head, have been
profoundly impressed, not less with the import-
ance than with the magnitude of the subject.
In fact, had the whole time devoted by them to
the discharge of their. varied duties been occupi-
ed in inquiring into the question of forestry in
its many aspects, it might have been well spent.
They feel that the evidence they have taken
rather suggests further examination into, than
exhausts the whole subject.

The arrangements and laws relating to forestry
in Kurope, as well as the progress of tree plant-
ing in the United States, in which direction an
uctive movement has been going on for some
years—would have been matters well worthy of
close observation, and the Commissioners res-
pectfully recommend that information there-
upon should be obtained by such methods as
may appear to the Government to be most con-
venient and effectual.

Possibly such information might assist in the
solution of the question frequently raised in the
course of this inquiry, By what means can tree
ylanting by individuals or corporations be most
successfully promoted ?

Government assistance in the shape of money
«rants, exemptions of planted lands from muni-
cipal taxation, and the establishment by the
(tovernment of large forest tree nurseries have
all in turn been suggested.

The Commissioners would be reluctant to
ndvise the expenditure of any considerable sum
of public money without having before them
some scheme, the details of which had been
carefully examined and worked out.

The subject is a new one to the minds of most
of our people, ‘and it is rather by the creation of
} ublic interest in the question, and a sense of
yersonal responsibility with regard to it, that
ihe ground work of any future plans must be
Juid.

Meantime the Commissioners are glad to be
j formed that the Fruit Growers’ Association of
Ontario, has included forestry and arboriculture
11 its programme of operations, and that the
({overnment have given some encouragement to
this step, while at the same time experimental
tree planting has, under the auspices of the
dissociation, been commenced at the Modef
Jarm at Guelph. A few townships and urban
municipalities have also offered inducements to
the planting of streets and concession lines, All
these are indications of a gradual awakening to
asense of the necessity of something effectual
cing done.

With the facilities that exist in all parts of
Ontario, for obtaining a supply of materials
close at hand, organizations in townships or
school sections for planting a given number of
trees, within a given period of time, and at the
smallest possible cost, should not be difficult.

Tt has also been proposed that school-house
lots, now usually presenting a most bare and
uninyiting appearance, might be planted with

A WALL STREET A. B. C. <i
Never take the bull point in bear ——
bear point in bull times,

Buy on a heavy break and sell on a sharp ad
vance.
Have margin enough to hold on to you
“longs” or “ shorts.” Every dog has his day
on the “‘ street,” and you will be sure to make
money if your staying qualities are good.

During dull or bear times have nothing to de
with clicked, unknown stocks, or those com-
panies in which there is only a small ‘number of
shares, the merits of which are known only to a
few ; it is better to deal in securities for which
there is always a market, ey

Confine your operations to two or three stock
of which you have made a study. 7

The most conservative way to speculate is
keep cash in hand and operate only three or
four times a year, buying dividend-paying stocks
outright when a break occurs, selling again when
the market goes up. There are never less than
two breaks in the course of a year, which occur
usually in the spring and fall. ~

Remember that there is a rythmice motion ia
prices ; whenever they go up very high they a
sure to rebound, and vice versa.

A dull stock market is a weather breeder and
generally brings on lower prices.

Sell on the rallies in a bear market and buy
on the setbacks in a bull market. It is safer to
be a bear over Saturday nights than a bull.

The accidents of the market are generally in
favor of the bears.

In the long run it pays better to be a bull
than a bear. We live in a prosperous era, in
which money is cheapened and prices are ad-
vancing.

When any disaster occurs to any one a:
in a certain section, or representing a certain
interest, it is safe to sell properties similarly
situated. If there is a sudden drop in St. Paul,
sell Northwest ; if in Lacawanna, sell Delaware
& Hudson.

For permanent investments or slight fluctua-
tions, deal in bonds and securities of communi-
ties in which there are diversified industries, in
preference to sections of the country where
everything depends upon one interest. For in-
stance, Central and Lake Shore will be steadier
in price than the northwest and southwest
stocks, which are high priced only when the
agricultural classes are prosperous.

Depend upon your judgement rather than
upon your special points, and do not believe
anything you hear.

If you stand over the tape every day, you are
pretty sure to lose your money. The commis-
sions will eat you up.

If you have been unsuccessful in other busi-
ness, Wall street is no place for you.

Pay little attention to the opinions of the
newspapers ; they are generally in the interest
of big operators, not of the outside public.

All excited bull markets end in a break.

The close of a bear campaign is marked by a

WIRE ROPE FOR TRANSMITTING POWER.
BY HENRY EWING.

I suppose there is scarcely a manufacturing
establishment in the country, where, at times,
the ability to transmit or convey power to some
isolated or distant building, would not only be
of great convenience, but as well a source of
profit to the owner. Under ordinary cireum-
stances this is impossible, except by purchasing
a small engine or water wheel, the expense of
setting and operating which becomes a grevious
tax. In such cases, wire rope becomes an in-
valuable aid, and as its capabilities and require-
ments are, really, but half understood, perhaps
some of the readers of the Lumber World may
find something in this communication interest-
ing and of utility to them.

The distance to which power may be trans-
mitted by wire rope ranges from fifty or sixty
feet up to something more than two miles. It
commences at the point where a belt becomes
too long to be used profitably, and can thence
| be extended almost indefinitely. In point of
economy, it costs only one-fifteenth of an equi-
valent amount of belting and the one-twenty-
fifth of shafting. This method was first intro-
duced, both in Europe and America, about the
year 1850. The development it has received in
this country is but trifling; in Europe, how-
ever, it has been immense, numbering at the
present time over 2,000 permanent applications,
and as many more of a temporary nature.

In many factories, long counter-shafting,
with heavy bevel-gearing, can be saved by using
a rope; the farther off the shaft we wish to
drive, the better the arrangement will work.

When neighboring property cannot be bought,
perhaps that across the street can—yet the
trouble and expense of digging up the street to
lay down a line of shafting is sufficient to deter
one from the purchase. For such a case, a
remedy is here presented. <A little endless rope
passing through a couple of slits in the window
casing of an upper story, across to the story
opposite, will do all the work, and none of the
passers by will be any the wiser for it. A belt
would require protection from the weather, but
the rope does not, and can hang free in the air.
From an engine in the basement, power can be
readily conveyed to the upper storeys; it is
necessary, however, that for a certain distance
the rope should hang horizontally, in order to
gain the required tension. The utility of this
mode of transmission is so manifest, and the
convenience afforded by it has been so strikingly
exemplified in localities where hardly any other
system would have been practicable, that it is
justly attracting the attention of the manufac-
turing public more and more as its merits
become known.

The range in the size of wire ropes is small,
varying only from three-eighths inches to three-
fourths inches diameter in a range of three to
two hundred and fifty horse-power. The ropes
are always kept on hand, and can be spliced
endless at the factory; or else directions are
given to splice them, whenever an endless rope

forest trees, and a small premium or reward he
given to those schools, in a district, whose trees
had been most successfully cultivated and best
preserved for a given. period.

It has further been suggested that interest
might be excited, and information imparted, by
lectures delivered by competent persons on
forestry in connection, perhaps, with entomo-
logy and ornithology, so far as those topics
affect the farmer and fruit grower. .

Such lectures might be delivered in school-
houses, under arrangements made by the county
inspectors, the senior classes in the school, and
the public generally, being invited to attend.

_ In treating of these subjects, however, pictoral
illustrations would be indispensible, and a
knowledge of the colours of leaves, insects, and
birds would also have to be imparted. In order
to accomplish this, and as the lectures would
have to be delivered in the evening, the ‘‘ magic
lantern” might be brought into play, the
novelty of such exhibitions assisting to ensureto
the lecturer an audience.

The first cost of preparing transparencies
would be considerable, but the other expenses
of such ascheme need not be large, while the
preparation for the work, of young men of ordi-
nary ability and culture, would not bea difficult
task, in view of the materials already at hand.

The objection raised to any proposal to add
such studies to the already rather overcharged
public school curriculum would be avoided,
while parents, teachers, and children would, at
one and the same time, be interested and
instructed,

The Commissioners, in conclusion, may not
travel beyond the bounds of their duty if they
respectfully urge upon the Executive the pro-
priety of steps being taken with regard to the
preservation of the timber lands of the Province
still in possessionpf the Crown, and not subject
to the regulations affecting the pine timber

forests.

Only by some action of this kind can waste
and destruction be ‘staid, and the stern neces-
sity—which in other countrtes at this moment
has to be faced—be avoided, of replacing, by
slow methods and at enormous cost, what has
been recklessly and unreflectingly destroyed.

A LUMBER OPERATOR’S DEFALCATION.
Charles Smith was operating during the past
season for the firm of Guy, Bevan & Co., of St.
John, for whom he had engaged men to stream-
drive on the South-west Miramichi. These
lumberers are even now oblivious of all that has
happened, with regard to their prospect of
receiving the slightest pittance for their whole
spring work, and they are, perhaps, now toiling
in the hope of getting wages which may never
be paid, so that the money which was hard
earned by them, in steady work for the whole
spring, will, in all probability, be lavished away
at the whim of a defaulter and absconder.
Smith had a contract with Guy, Bevan &

Co. to get out logs by the thousand, and he semi panic.
drew upwards of $5,000 to pay driving wages. | cannot be put on direct. In regard to cost, they Look out for a reaction on the third day of a
On Sunday last he left the city, his wife being] are the cheapest part of a transmission. For] heavy break.

instance, a No, 22 rope, conveying, say twenty-
five horse-power, costs nine cents per foot,
whereas an equivalent belt costs about $1.40
per foot. Where a rope transmission has to be
constantly at work, it is good policy to keep a
spare rope on hand, ready spliced, so as to
avoid delay. Their duration is from two and
one-half to five years, according to speed, For
the'smaller powers it is advisable to take a size
larger, for the sake of getting wear out of the
rope ; although it must be borne in mind that a
larger rope is always stiffer than a small one,
and therefore additional power is lost in bend.
ing it round the sheave, Small ropes are made
with hemp core to increase their pliability,—
Lumber World.

Finally, if you are wise and have any eons
able calling, never buy what you can’t pay for
or sell what you have not got. In other words
don’t speculate.

very ill at the time, and drove to Woodstock,
where he sold his horse and wagon to Mr.
Glidden, and took the train for the West. Mrs.
Smith died on Tuesday. Their son was at work
on the drive, and on hearing of his mother’s
death, he went to Newcastle to get money to
come home; but on finding his father had
drawn it all, he was obliged to borrow enough
from his fellow-workmen to come home with.
Mrs. Smith was buried yesterday. Nobody
suspected anything was wrong until after Mrs.
Smith’s death, when inquiries were made as to
her husband's whereabouts, and the foregoing
facts came to light.

A’ number of persons in this vicinity are
losers by Smith, Among them is J. McCoy, of
St. Mary’s, to whom he owes $1,200 on a con-
tract for logs. Mr. McCoy thinks he can hold
the logs. «Cameron & McCarthy lose about
$400; S. D. Macpherson upwards of $100; J.
McMurray $75, and others. Messrs. Balloch
Brothers, of Florenceville, will lose consider-
able by him, as they had sent him a quantity of
oats for sale, which he disposed of. Smith’s
son and daughter, who remain here, moved
away all their furniture during last nigh
Fredericton Capital.

Ir is reported at St. John that Chas. Smith,
a well-known lumber operator who resided and
operated on the Miramichi during last season
for Messrs. J. & J. Stewart, has left the city.
He is said to have drawn on Messrs. Stewart
for upwards of $5,000 to pay drivers’ wages, and
the statement of many lumbermen is that they
have not been paid. Mr. Smith is known to be
largely indebted.

**Their Name is Legion"—the people who —
praise that matchless medicine, Burdeck Blood
Bitters. It acts at once upon the Secretions,
Bowels, the Liver, the Skin and the Kidneys.
purifies the Blood, dispels all foul hi
strengthens the nervous and debilitated system. No
yee remedy can do more. Try it and be con-
vinced.

A Cough is usually the effort of Nature aaa
some morbid matter irritating the air passages of
lungs. It may, however, proceed from an inflamed or
irritable condition of the throat, a Shy ey rash or
humor often being perceptible. yee
what it may, the remedy should be Hvar’ 7
Balsam. A purely table Balsamic and lung
healer. For sale by all dealers in medicine, at 25 cents"

per bottle.

Zorrsa,—A healthy man never thinks of his
stomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion is 2 constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkable
compound for clensing and toning the system, for
assisting the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
properly perform their duties in assimilating food.
Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of
your druggist. A few doses will surprise you.

se ess

Yellow Oil is par excellence the remedy for Pain,
Lameness, Rheumatism, Croup, Deafness, Burns, Frost
Bites, Stiff Joints, and all flesh woutids. Any medicine
dealer can furhish it.

eee es

a

JOHN THOMPSON, OF LONGFORD.

We are indebted to the Orillia Times for the
following notice of the late John Thomson,
Bsq., of Longford Mills, which we are sure will
be read with more than a passing interest by
the readers of THE CANADA LUMBERBAN, and
especially by those of them, and they are not
few, to whom Mr. Thomson was personally
known. Short as the career of THE CANADA
LumBeRMAN has been, the present publishers
feel that by his death they have lost a good
friend—one who showed his sympathy with our
undertaking not by words, but by putting his
hand in his pocket and sending us a year’s sub-
scription for half a dozen copies to be distri-

buted amongst his employes,

_ No event in the history of Orillia hid created
a feeling of such intense gloom, of such univer-
sal and spontaneous regret as the death of Mr.
Thompson, of Longford. When word came on
Friday, the 27th ult., that he was ill in Toronto
we were sorry that he should have been taken
down away from home, but no one anticipated
the sad termination which has so moved the
sympathies of the people of this neighborhood.
He left home on Thursday, the 26th, and as if
to emphasize the generous character of the man
if isnmow known that his last journey on earth
was taken in the interests of a friend. He com-
plained of slight illness before leaving, but it
To
some friends on the train on the way down he
expressed a fear that he was going to be ill, and
before reaching Toronto the symptoms had in-
creased, but not sufficiently to alarm either
On the following day he was
so much worse that a return to Longford was

was not allowed to interfere with his plans.

them or himself.

not thought advisable, and a telegram was des-
patched announcing hiscondition. Mrs. Thom-
son went down the same afternoon, and on the
following day the eldest son, William, joined
them. He gontinued to grow worse, and during
Sunday and’Monday was attended by the best
medical skill the city afforded. On Tuesday he
was considered better. so much so that William
returned to Longford expecting that in a few
days he would be so much improved as to per-
mit of his return home. It was not until
Thursday night that the worst was apprehend-
ed, and a special train was despatched to Long-
ford for the children. The train passed here
early on Friday morning, Mr. Millar going
down with the others. They found their father
conscious but dying. All day Friday the tele

graph office here was besieged with anxious
enquirers, and late at night they dispersed with
the melancholy satisfaction of knowing that
their friend was still alive, but with little hopes
of the morrow. On Saturday afternoon more
hopeful messages arrived, and for several hours
it was thought that the crisis was past. Mr.
Millar was attentive to every enquiry, and as
each turn in Mr. Thomson’s condition took
place it was promptly telegraphed to the anxi-
ous hundreds at Orillia and Longford. About
nine o’clock on Saturday evening all hope was
abandoned, and at half-past eleven John Thom-
son passed from this world to the other. His
last drive was down, the boom was cut, and the
spirit of a noble luamberman floated out into the
broad ocean of eternity.

It was not until Sunday morning that his
death became generally known. A sense of
personal loss was experienced by every one,
both here and at Longford. It is impossible to
express the full intensity of the feeling. Mr.
Thomson was not only known and esteemed ;
he was loyed. To all of us it was as if a brother
Was stricken down. About half-past two o’clock
on Sunday afternoon a special arrived at Long-
ford with his remains. All the mill employees

and neighbors were at the station, and as the
coffin was taken from the train strong men wept
like children.. It seemed so. sudden and go
terrible. Only a few days before he had gone
away full of life and hope for the future, bright
and cherry as he had been always, with his
honest, manly countenance beaming with kindly
g00d nature. And here he was back to us, a bit
of lifeless clay. It was sudden, and it was
— Scores of people drove over from
Orillia without any clear notion of why they

‘ent ; it seemed as if they must go if only by
presence to testify to their great grief and
iy to proclaim their eympathy. Early in
: day flags were flying at half-mast all over

i

THE CANADA

LUMBE RMAN. 3 ;

town and at the mills at Longford.

the funeral.

tion of public feeling.

south on the Midland railways.

Carriella,

from the Psalms and Epistles.

and in the large space in front of the house,

then joined in a hymn, which Mr. Gray an-
nounced to have been a favorite one of the
Rev. Mr. Beattie, of Port Hope,
offered up a fervent and eloquent prayer. While

deceased’s.

a student Mr. Beattie had been placed over the
Longford congregation for several months, and
had thus an opportunity of becoming intimately
acquainted with Mr. Thomson’s family. A
strong friendship was then formed, which has
remained unbroken ever since. Both Mr,
Beattie and Mr. Gray addressed a few words to
those present, bearing particularly on the emin-
ent virtues of their deceased friend and pointing
out the lesson to be learned from an honorable,
upright life. Rev. Mr. Currie closed the service
by a short prayer. Soon after the pall-bearers
appeared with the coffin, the line of procession
was formed, and the large assembly of mourners
and friends slowly wended their way to the
wharf. Between five and six hundred returned
on the boat. At the Orillia wharf an immense
concourse had congregated, the larger propor-
tion on foot, but many in carriages. The mem-
bers of the corporation attended in a body.
Here the procession was again formed, probably
the fnost striking and suggestive feature of it
being the horse and pheton used by Mr,
Thomson in driving to and from the mills, led
by the faithful Hughey. About fifty carriages
brought up the rear. Mr. Gray conducted the
short service at the grave, and all that was
mortal of the lamented deceased was committed
to the earth.

The pall-bearers were Messrs. R. D. Ewing,
J. B. Smith and Capt. Wm. Hull, of Toronto ;
Robert Thompson, of Hamilton ; Wm. Hamil-
ton, of Peterborough; Jas. Macpherson, of
Rama; and Dr. Corbett and Melville Millar,
of Orillia. The lumbering interest was largely
represented,among others being Mr. J. E. Craig,
Albany, N.Y.; Messers. Silliman, McIntosh,
E. A. Smith, Alex. Christie, Wm. Kero, Mc-
Arthur Bros., Robert Smith, ex-Ald. Mutton,
PP. A. Scott, S. C. Kenedy, Joseph Oliver,
McCool and Kent, of Toronto; Allan Gunn,
Peter McIntosh and O. F. Wright, of Barrie ;
Geo. W. Taylor and Isaac Cockburn, of Graven-
hurst ; Jas. Scott, J. Else and Henry Lovering,
of Waubaushene ; A. Marshall and EK. Robin-
son, of Washago. There were also present,
Messrs. A. P. Cockburn, M.P., Muskoka ; Geo.
Wheeler, M. P., North Ontario; Thos. Pax-
ton, ex-M.P.P., Isaac Gould and Widditield
of Uxbridge; Chas. Robinson, of Beaverton ;
J. MclL. Stevenson, J. S. Carnegie, Bank of
Commerce, Chas. Ross, A. Arnall, Fulljames,
Wm. Boys, King, McDermott, Radenhurst,
Barrie. The Northern Railway was represented
by Major Greig and Messrs, Webster, Kerr,
Harvie ami Marpole. Mr. John Bertram, of
Dundas, and Mr. George Bertram, Toronto,
were also armong the prominent friends of the
deceased. The Rama Indians turned out in
large numbers.

Mr, Thompson was born in Haddingtonshire,

On Monday morning the Mayor thoughtfully
addressed a circular letter to the business men
of the town, requesting that they would close
their places of business during the afternoon of
The request was probably un-
necessary, but it was none the less an indica-

The funeral was the largest ever seen in this
part of the country, Friends from a distance
came in by the Lady of the Lakes, from north
and south on the Northern, and from north and
Every place of
business on Mississaga street was closed at
twelve o’clock, and many of them heavily drap-
ed in mourning, including the leading hotels.
Shortly after one o’clock the Lady put out from
the wharf here with between two and three
hundred on board. Mr. Sanson also ran the
Arriving at Longford it. was found
that a large number had already assembled.
The employees, to the number of about one
hundred and fifty, had provided themselves
with badges of mourning and were massed to-
gether to take their place in the procession,
Many of those who arrived by boat took advan-
tage of the opportunity to view the remains,
after which Rey. K. Creighton read a lesson
The large con-
gregation, who had assembled on the verandah

Sebitand: in 1821. Jn 1854 he came to Canada,
and settled at Peterborough, going into the
mercantile business. He soon
gaged in the square timber trade, and in 1867,
with Mr. Melville Millar as a partner, he came
to Longford and established the timber business
now so well and honorably known in every
lumber market on the continent. With other
lumbermen he went through the deep waters of
the depression, and manfully and successfully
struggled against the difficulties of that period.
Having carefully and laboriously built up one
of the finest and most profitable properties of
the kind in the Province he had already con-
templated retiring from business, and now it is
an open secret that at the time of his death he
was in negotiation with a company for the pur-
chase of Longford at a price that would have
enabled him to live the remainder of his days in
affuance and free from every care. Mr.
Thompson was a pronounced Liberal in politics,
and at the recent convention in North Ontario
was offered the unanimous nomination of the
party as their candidate for the Local Legisla-
ture. We areina position to state that had
he accepted there would have been no opposi-
tion to his election.

Mr. Thompson leaves a wife and seven
children to grieve over a loss that is yet imper-
fectly realized. It is impossible to conceive of
a more united and affectionate family. Last
January Mr. and Mrs. and Miss Thompson
visited Scotland and England, the latter re-
maining with an uncle in Manchester, with
whom it was intended to spend the summer,
That was the first and only break in the family
tie, and so strongly did Mr. Thompson feel it
that it was with difficulty he was persuaded
against returning to Manchester before sailing
and bringing his daughter home with him. She
is now on her way to Canada, alone, sad and
grief stricken.

It will afford a great deal of satisfaction to
many friends at a distance to be assured that
Mr. Thompson’s business affairs were left in
good shape, and that his death will not inter-
fere with nor complicate the management of
the immense concern he had built up and con-
ducted so successfully.—Ovrillia Times.

ALL. UN DERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER

White Pine, Basswood & wendiisd
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT.
P. FREYSENG & CO.

PROPRIETORS OF THE

Dominion Cork Cutting Co

BY IMPROVED MACHINERY.

477 All kinds of Corks in stock and Cut to
Order. Corks & Life Preservers a Specialty.
Corkwood, Tinfoll, Capsules, Wire, &«.

71 Jarvis Street, TORONTO. 6116

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO. |

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-

afterward en-

TERNUT, BASSW OOD, &e.

427 P.S.—Also on hand 120 M dry Oak 2 to 4 inches
thick, will be sold cheap to close it out.

ly116

CHAS. M. LARSEN,

Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacquered and Enamelled .
Woodwork, Turning and Carving in .

:

\

|

WOOD, HORN AND IVORY.

BILLIARD BALLS

Turned and coloured a speciality.

42 MEERCHAUM and AMBER GOODS repaired in
first-class style. b17

77 King St. West, Toronto, Ont.

KERR BROS.

PRACTICAL,

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw and Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

ST, JOHN, N.B.

From our Own Correspondent.

GENERAL REMARKS.—During the past fort-
night there has been very little calling for
special notice in our lumber business. As inti-
mated in our last, the change in regard to water
supply has resulted, so far as we can learn, in
clearing the streams generally of their freight of
logs, at least no complaints are being made
from that quarter. Deals from the country
mills are coming in freely and meeting ready
sale at from $8.00 to $8.50 per M. sup. feet. In
and about the city the operations of sawing and
shipping are moving along in their usual steady
course.

STEAMSHIPS.—One of the most noticeable
features of the deal trade at this port the pre-
sent season, is the large number of ocean steam-
ships which have been engaged in loading deals
here for various ports in Great Britain. It is
true that deals have been shipped here by the
regular “‘liners” for a number of years, but
only in small quantities; whereas, the present
season we have had the largest class of freight
steamers carrying full cargoes of deals, varying
between 600 and 700 Peterburg standards each,
thus showing how steadily, but surely, steam
and iron are supplanting our wooden sailing
ships in the ocean carrying tradeg

FreigHts.—The freight market continues
very quiet, with no material change in rates.

SHIPMENTS.—The shipments of deals and
other sawn lumber are as follows :—

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND

ee Ee eEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeeeeeeeee

For Europe..... Bee raat 20,031,000 Sup. ft.
BD irate cia ence ee 2,995,000 « MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.
SE PNWiestEndiiessievenjclejes ae 577,000 Ss mea

CASTINGS.
JS Plans and Specifications on application. — =X

St. John, N.B., June 4th, 1881,
A BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,
paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000 ; and abov: e
percentage guaranteed, Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES. & Co.,

ser, Coal, & Commission Merchanis,

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. sy:16

The Walkerville Founs:,

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
Lu: |

12n16

A BIG JAM,
30,000,000 rEET OF LOGS IN ONE JAM.

On the morning of May 22nd, there was con-
siderable anxiety all along the Miramichi in
reference to the probable effect of the freshet in
the South West boom, which is the great re-
ceptacle of the lumber obtained on that branch
of the river. There were about tgenty million
feet of logs in the boom in the morning, and the
main river and Renous drives were coming
along atzsuch a rate as to make it plainly appar-
ent that it would be necessary to jam the river.
The lesee of the boom, Jas. Robinson, Esq.,
decided that the point of danger was reached,
and he made the jam at Bryanton’s shore. This
was early in the forenoon. By half-past three
ten millions feet of logs had run into the jam,
when the accumulated mass bore so heavily on
the boom and jam piers that the tops were
swept off half a dozen of the latter, the boom
was broken and the ten millions feet composing
the jam left the twenty millions below it—in
the part of the boom which still held good—and
went on the run down stream at the rate of
about four miles an hour. Persons who have
lived on the river for a long time and have seen
other breaks in the South-west boom say they
never saw such a run of logs at one time before,
and it seemed to them that a great loss was
inevitable.

It happened that Messrs. R. A. & 8. Stewart
had completed the telephonic communication
only the day before between their office in New-
castle and that of Mr. Andrew Morrison, sur-
veyor, at Parker’s just opposite the boom, so
the condition of things as they transpired was
made known in Neweastle. Messages were also
sent through Mr. Miller’s telephone at Derby
via Newcastle to Chatham, and little time was
last in making preparations to save the property
now adrift.

The steamer Andover, with her owner, R. R.
Call, Esq., on board, had started on Saturday
forenoon on her regular trip up-river, but was
prevented by the jam from proceeding to Indian

Town. As it was known she was to be at the

Hemlock Extract Factory wharf for some time, :

word was sent down, as soon as the danger of a
break was seen, requesting that she be held
veady for the emergency, and this was soon fol-
lowed by the announcement of the break,
carried by aman on horseback, and a call for
both the Andover and Derby. Steam was got
up on the latter, while the Andover proceeded
up stream, meeting with and passing the logs,
which her stern wheel enabled her to do, until
the boom just below the rafting ground was
veached. 'This had been unshackled by men of
Mx, Robinson’s rafting crew, who were working
it down stream and the Andover, taking in tow,
proceeded down the river. Much difficulty was
experienced in running with the necessary speed
down stream, for the logs were very thick and
water was to be seen only here and there. The
raftsmen who had got on board the steamer, as
well as the hands belonging to the latter, were
kept busy with their pike-poles shoving logs
gear of the bow, and all who witnessed the race

etween the logs and the Andover for the South-
West Railway bridge were gratified to see that
the boat must win, They were properly anxi-
ous over the matter for unless the boom could
be stretched across the river against the ice-
breakers of the bridge the ten millions which
had broken the boom as well as an additional
twenty millions or more following would nearly
all be lost. Fortunately the Andover got clear
of the running logs and reached the railway
bridge two miles in advance of them, so that
before they came down the latter steamer,
assisted by the Derby, stretched the boom across
the spans, although it fell short of reaching each
shore. It was made fast and the shore spans
were also secured as wellas the facilities at hand
admitted of, when the mass of logs was borne
down upon it by the current. This was a time
of the greatest anxiety, for the shore ends of the
boom at each side of the river let the logs slip
through. The daring boom men, under Mr.
George Parker, Mr. Robinson’s foreman, were
equal to the emergency, and a dozen of them
ventured out on the moving mass of logs under
the south span with the heayy lines, which they
made fast to the logs in the second span of the
bridge and around the base of the pier, The re-
presentative of the Advance who,was present on

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

the steamer St. George, which had run up from
Chatham, describes the work done at this

juncture as most hazardous as wellas difficult.

Our readers can imagine for themselves a mass

of logs moving through a two-hundred feet span
of a bridge as through a sluice, with the current
running as fast as a man might walk, and a few
men carrying a heavy six or eight inch line
across from shore to pier, stepping and spring-
ing from log to log and then running back and
down stream to clear the line as its bight was
caught by the running lumber. Although some
gallant fellow missed his footing or was obliged
to let himself go down in his desire to clear the
line, he would ‘‘up and at it again,” while the
on-looker wondered at the practised self-posses-
sion of these splendid men and the tenacity and
pluck with which they hung to a task which
few men are ever called on to perform—a task
involving great* physical endurance, special
knowledge and experience and a strength of
purpose which is a noble characteristic wherever
found.

Success rewarded the efforts of the workers at
the two shore spans, and just as the run was
stopped, after letting, perhaps, about a million
feet through, there was snapping and crashing
at the third pier from the north shore of the
river, caused by the boom breaking because of
the mass of logs forcing it across the angular
end of the granite ice-breaker there. As the
broken boom ends and some logs drifted down
from the direction of the pier where the break
occurred, it- was feared that the drift would
escape, but the mass of logs above simply ecrush-
ed in together, and not more than-a hundred
pieces escaped before the jam became self-sus-
taining.

shore spans were made safe.

Of course much remained to be done after this

in the way of prevention. Additional lines and
hawsers had to be secured, and they were sup-
plied by our merchants and others who had
them, the St. George having taken up two and
the Andover being run down to Newcastle and
Chatham during the evening for more. The
men worked all night and part of Sunday, when
the jam was pronounced safe and the freshet
had begun to fall off.

The logs which ran through under the bridge
on Saturday—perhaps a million feet in all—
were caught by temporary and other booms and

by men in boats at points along the south side of
the river, only about one hundred pieces going

out to sea. The schooner Claymore, Captain
Marquis, arrived on Sunday, and we base this
estimate of total loss on report which he
brought in. It will therefore be seen that the
loss is trifling. Indeed the loss of logs on the
Miramichi this spring has been unusually small,
as compared with other seasons, and had it not
been for the break of Saturday not a log would
have been lost, a most unusual circumstance,
due td the ice having melted instead of running
out.

A meeting of the Directors of the Boom Com-
pany was held. All the parties interested in
the logs were allowed to be present and take a
part in the proceedings. After an exchange of
opinions and suggestions, it was agreed that Mr.
Robinson, lessee of the boom, proceed and raft
out the jam at the bridge, with all possible
dispatch. To facilitate his work the logs are to
be rafted—in wnat is known as mixed rafts—
for a fortnight, and deliveries are to be made to
owners, in proportion to the logs they may have
in the drift, a agict account of all to be kept,
and any person receiving more logs of his
neighbor than the latter receives belonging to
him, is to return the same quantity to him or
payment at the rate of $7 per thousand therefor,
and two-thirds of that rate for unde.sized logs
within a fortnight after the drift account is
closed.

On Sunday, Monday, and the Queen’s Birth-
day, the South-west Boom was ‘visited by.
hundreds of people who had never witnessed
such a jam of logs before in their lives and may
never again see a similar one—there being now
30,000,000 feet in the jam.—Miramichi Advance,

Magyard’s Pectoral Balsam is a purely vege-
table healing balsam. _ It cures by loosening vat Hepa 5
and corrupt matter from the aes and expelling it
from the sy stem, Croup, Asthma, Bronchitis, Hoarse-
ness and all pectoral diseases yield to it promptly. It
costs 26 cents a bottle,

Similar breaks occurred afterwards,’
but the danger was practically over when the

STRIKES,

A recent number of the Northwestern Lumber-
man contained an article on the above subject:
from which we take the we pig sensible
remarks :—

Notably in politics and religion there are men
who ignore the fact that other men were born
with brains, and seem’to think that the
Almighty has placed a special brand of superi-
ority upon them, thereby giving them the
supreme right to rule others, and to think for
others. A marked specimen of this egotism has
been on exhibition in the United States senate,
and it does not take a long hunt to find it in the
pulpit. This same disposition is manifest in
nearly every business-and profession. Men who
imagine they were born to lead and not to work,
are constantly engaged in the formation and
direction of various unions, taking advantage of
every ripple of dissatisfaction, sowing the seeds
of discontent where before there was content-
ment, and all the while keeping their eyes
straight on offices and high salaries.
ago a gentleman in an eastern town made a
wager with a friend that he could get a certain
number of names to a petition praying that a
covering be built over the sun dial on the public
square. Such a petition, it would seem, would
be the'last one to be signed, for the dial, if nota
necessity, was at least a curiosity, and one of
the old landmarks of the park. No one in a
sober moment, uninfluenced, would think of
covering the dial, and under ordinary cireum-
stances would call the covering of it an unheard-
of and dastardly piece of business ; but specious
arguments changed these latent views, and the
gentleman returned with the required number
of signatures and claimed the wager. The
leaders of: the unions understand this trait in
human nature, and make capital of it. They
are aware of the susceptibility of the average
mind, and set themselves at work to make the
most of it. They care little whether their fol-
lowers recline at night on comfortable beds or
in the alley, so long as their dues are regularly
paid. They call themselves the workingman’s
friends, but they are the syphons that draw
from the workingman’s pockets his money. This
is not always so, maybe, but it often is. The
necessity of unions is a question which has been
often discussed pro and con, and one that cgn-
not be settled with a few strokes of the pen.
But common sense dictates that when a man of
the character described above is at the head of a
union, the members of it should look upon him
as a barnacle that should be removed from fhe
bottom of the ship in which they sail. And it
is a pertinent question for every workingman to
ask himself, Is is right than any man, or men,
should dictate to me where I am to work, and
what wages I am to receive? Answered in the
affirmative, it follows that a man does not best
know his own needs, and is not at liberty to
follow out his desires. The folly of submitting
to such dictation was forcibly illustrated by the
action of the striking switchmen in this city a
few days ago. They asked for more money to
buy food and pay rent with, then formed into
line and hired a band of several pieces to escort
them through the streets. The request and the
act were paradoxical in nature. But they said

they did it in order that the citizens of Chicago”

might see that they were an orderly lot of men,
Of course, at that time, they were orderly. They
had advertised that they would be orderly, and
no one expected them to be otherwise. But a
while after that, when they were hurling brick-
bats and coupling pins at the heads of men who
were employed in their places, and who were
innocently striving to earn an honest living, it
might truthfully be said that they were not
orderly. Had not these disgraceful proceedings
been checked by the police, ere this their high-
handed outrages would have been such that all
the bands in the city would be unable to toot
them into good repute.

Do strikes pay ? It is a matter of history thrt
generally they do not—that is, they do not pry
the strikers, and could the loss to manufacturers
and corporations be known it would be an argu-
ment against them that could not be appealed
from. To ascertain how much the strikes this
spring have cost this city in dollars and cents
would involve intribate and profound calcula
tions. But, of course, this is of no moment to

the men who strike, for they go coolly and deli-

A while.

berately at work to occasion these losses, When
they are losers themselves it does not serve to
teach them better. Last summer the job mem-
bers of the typographical union struck forsan
advance of $3 per week. The result was that
many of them were idle in the streets during —
the remainder of the summer. In such cases
there is, in addition, a prospective loss,
that is liable in the future to assume tangible
forms. There is such a thing as competence
and stability receiving a suitable reward. There
is a feeling that is possessed by business wis
that they do not care to keep employed, lo ger
than really necessary, men who are unre ,
and who, at any moment, do not hesitate ¢
peril the business that their labor should sustain
and make more valuable. There is an indise
position on the part of business men to avoid
giving employment to men of such character.
Money is not all the capital a man can have, —
The man who is competent, industrious and
reliable is wanted for all he is worth by some-—
body. If he stands ready to cripple the busi-
ness that not only feeds his employer but him-
self, he should not wonder if he is not wanted.

It is singular that there are so many men who
think that in the matter of employment there is —
but one party to the bargain. They forget, or _
seem to forget, that one man is not obliged to
employ another any more than one man is
obliged to work for another. Labor is a market-
able article, and capital cannot buy it unless it
is willing to be bought. Those workmen are ill-
advised who rant about the desire of capital to
crush and belittle them ; if they were not so
advised they would appreciate that capital and
labor are dependent, one upon the other. If a
man is thoroughly imbued with the idea that
capital. is his enemy, let him keep away from
it. Let him paddle his own canoe. this free
country no man is obliged to work fqf a tyrant ;
and the country is large enough for exercise
of any skill or talent that a man may possess.

There is no law, legal or moral, that prevents
a man from asking for higher wages, or quitting
work, so long as there is no contract verbal or
written that binds him to continue longer.
Thus far it is the privilege of employees to go ;
farther than that it is the right of employers to
say they shall not go. A striker has no more
right to attempt to undermine the business of
his former employer, because the latter refuses
to pay a higher price for the labor he buys, than
the employer has to undermine the house in
which the laborer lives, because the latter will
nat work for a certain sum. A striker has no
right to bulldoze, or what is worse, as is often
done, physically injure a man who is willing to
take a vacated place at the wages formerly paid.
There is alaw written in the statute books of
several states, making riotous conduct a penal
offence, and there is a growing desire on the
part of order-loving people at large that the
construction of the law should include the un-
ruly element considered in this article, and a
growing disposition on the part of many magis-
trates of the law to so construe it.

Two Thousand Dollars.
+ The easiest, cheapest and best way to secure
the above amount is to apply for membership
in the Mutual Benefit Association of Rochester,
N.Y. Pay Dr. S. B. Pollard, 56 Bay Street,
one dollar for four medical examinations, he
will send your application to the head office, if
you are accepted as a member they will issue a
certificate of membership, which, on payment
of eight dollars, entitles you to full benefits as a
member, should you die to-morrow, next day,
next week, next month, or any time within
three months, this Association will pay to your
heirs, or assigns, the sum of two thousand
dollars. At the expiration of the three months
all you have to do is to pay your pro rata
amount, which is from 20 to 75 cents on the
death of some other member, who has done—
nothing worse than to die during the three
months just past. By paying your assessments —
on deaths, you keep your certificate alive, and
at the commencement of the second year you
are assessed two dollars per thousand to keep up
office expenses, etc., for the next year. os
casiery surer or better schemes to carry two —
thousand dollars has ever been devised than the —
Mutual Benefit Associates, of Rochester, N.Y.
Bos

THE RIVERS AND STREAMS BILL.

FOR THE DISALLOWANCE,

Bill :-—
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, \
Orrawa, May 7th, 1881.

streams and Creeks.”

i

¥

yested private rights without compensation, and

- Chancery in a case brought by him against one

- Caldwell, whereby Mr. McLaren’s exclusive
; Pit to the use of improvements erected by

him or those through whom he claims on cer-
tain streams in the Province of Ontario was

established by a decree of the court.

The Act by its first section declared that all
persons have, and always have had, during the
§ spring, summer, and autumn freshets the right
4 to float and transmit saw logs, etc., down all
rivers, creeks and streams, in respect of which

the Legislature of Ontario has authority to give
_ this power, and in case it may be necessary to

remove any obstruction from such river, creek,
or stream, or construct any apron, dam, etc.,
necessary to facilitate the floating of saw logs,
etc., down the same, it shall be lawful for the
person requiring to float down the saw logs,
etc., to remove such obstruction, and to con-
struct such apron, dam, etc.

The second section declares that in case any
person shall constructin orupon such river, creek
or stream any such apron, dam, etc., or shall
otherwise improve the floatability of such river,
creek or stream, such persons shall not have the
exclusive right to the use or control thereof ;
but all persons shall have a right to use them,
subject to the payment to the person who has
made such constructions and improvements of
reasonable tolls.

The third section extends the operations of
sections one and two to all rivers, creeks and
streams mentioned in the first section, and to
all constructions and improvements made there-
in, whether the bed of the river, etc,, or the
land through which it runs, pai to the

Crown or not.

The fourth section empowers the Pena
Governor-in-Council to fix the amounts which
any person entitled to tolls under the Act shall
be at liberty to charge on saw-logs, etc.

“The fifth section extends the previous pro-
yisions of the Act to all such constructions and
improvements as may hitherto have been made,
as well as to those hereafter constructed.

The sixth section gives to all persons driving
saw logs, &c., down the streams, the right to go
along the banks.

The seventh, and last, section declares that if
any suit.is now pending, the result of which will
be changed by the passage of this Act, the court
may order the costs of the suit to be paid by the
party who would have been required to pay the
costs if the Act had not been passed.

Tt is tolerably clear that this section refers
specially to the suit of McLaren against Cald
well above referred to. It appears that Mr.
McLaren is the owner of certain streams and
improvements on streams which he miakes use
of for the purpose of floating down saw logs
from the timber limits from which he takes the
same for the purposes of his business as a lum-
ber manufacturer.

“Mr. Caldwell is also a lumber manufacturer
owning timber limits in the neighbourhood of
those owned by Mr. McLaren.

He attempted to float his logs down Mr. Mc-
Laren’s streams and through his improvements.
_ To prevent his doing so, the suit in chancery
above referred to was instituted, and a decree
“ as made declaring Mr. McLaren exclusively

titled to the nse of the streams and improve-
ente and restraining Mr. Caldwell from float-
g his logs down the same.
case has heen appealed to the Court of
The effect of the Act now under con-

2»

* pied

REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF JUSTICE—REASONS

The following is a copy of the report of the
Minister of Justice on the River and Streams

T have the honor to report with respect to an
Act passed by the Legislature of the Province
of Ontario at its last session, intituled :—‘‘ An
Act for protecting the public interests in rivers,

Fd Application for the disallowance of this Act
has been made by Mr. Peter McLaren, of the
Town of Perth, lumber manufacturer, on the
ground that the Act in question deprives him of

practically reverses the decision of the Court of

THE CANADA

ee

sideration must necessarily be to reverse the

decision of this suit.

objectionable in its features.

owner practically to

sation for being thus deprived of his rights.

decision of a court of competent jurisdiction by
declaring retrospectively that the law always

was and is different from that laid down by the

court.

In reporting upon areserved bill of the Prince
Edward Island Legislature in 1876, the then
acting Minister of Justice reported to Council,
and His Excellency was advised to withhold his
assent from the bill, one of the grounds being
that the bill was retrospective in its effect ; that
it dealé with the rights of the parties then in
litigation, and that there was no provision sav-
ing the rights of private parties.

On the whole I think the Act should be dis-
allowed. I recommend, therefore, that the Act
passed by the Legislature of Ontario at its last
session, intituled : ‘* An Act for Protecting the
Public Interests in Rivers, Streams, and
Creeks,” be disallowed.

(Signed)
JAMES McDOoNnatp,
Minister of Justice,
per J. A. M.

WHAT BURNS THE MILLS.

With the opening of the season, the saw-mill
proprietor enters not only upon a period of
active labor in the production of lumber, but
upon a season fraught with the gravest appre-
hensions. He may not fear that through a low
stage of water his supply of logs will be strand-
ed upon the upper waters, or rather bars, of the
river or creek upon which he has launched
them; he may not fear that river pirates will
snatch them from the drive, and put them upon
the market before they can float within reach of
his own ability to manufacture them; he may,
in fact, be blessed with a boom full at the mill,
and enough in a handy store boom at no great
distance away to bid adieu to all apprehensions
of a season’s shortage ; but the time of his peril
as well as his profit is upon him, and from now
to the close of the season he may well assert
that ‘‘uneasy lies the head” of the man who
owns a saw mill. If he could be about the mill
through the night as well as through the day,
and were he endowed with powers that did not
need to seek recuperation in sleep, he could rest
somewhat easy in his mind as he contemplated
the risk attaching to his property, in the con-
templation of the fact that his own eternal
vigilance would prove the price of his safety
from the danger of fire.

With the beginning of the present sawing

season, come thicker and faster the reports of
mills destroyed, and hopes of prosperity plasted.
In fact, the number of saw mills thus far this
season reported as gone up in smoke is remark-
ably large, and the fact calls for a more careful
attention on the part of every saw mill owner,
lest he too be ‘called upon to part in an hour
with the fruits of a lifetime, or at least of many
years of labor.

It is not possible to point out all the causes of
fire that lurk unseen around the saw mills of the
country, only awaiting a favorable combination
of circustances to make known their dangerous
nature, but in calling attention*to a few of them
it may not be impossible that others will sug-
gest themselves to the minds of our readers,

Had this Act, instead of giving to any Te eereas
desiring to make use of the streams the right to
use the same upon payment of certain tolls
absolutely expropriated the whole ownership of
the streams for the public use, and proyided a
means of compensating the owners for the pro-
.| perty so taken from them, it would he less

The effect of the Act as it now stands seems
to be to take away the use of his property from
one person and give it to another, forcing the
become a toll-keeper
against his will, if he wishes to get any compen-

I think the power of the Local Legislature to
take away the rights of one man and vest them
in another, as is done by this Act, is exceedingly
doubtful, but assuming that such right does in
strictness exist, I think it devolves upon this
Government to see that such powers are not
exercised in flagrant violation of private rights
and national justice, especially when, as in this
case, in addition to interfering with the private
rights in the way alluded to, the Act overrides a

LUMBERMAN.

pound or more of regret.

in the neighborhood of the engine room.

longer ” before having them fixed.

ful and wise to do to-day.”

Careless engineers and faithless watchmen are
about the most dangerous things to be found
The former allows the sawdust to
accumulate about the furnace doors or hearth,
and if the truth were to be known about many
a saw mill fire, it would be found to have its in-
ception in this scattered sawdust, which ignited
while the engineer had “ just stepped out of the
fire room.for a minute.” His call outside proves

about a mill.

a most disastrous minute for the proprietor,

though the resultant destruction could have
been averted if the hearth had been well swept
Probably two-thirds of
the fires which destroy saw mills in the day-time
It is no uncommon thing

before he stepped out.

arise from this cause.
to see the engineer of a saw mill bank up his
hearth doors with sawdust, when he shuts down
at noon and goes to his dinner. Such an en-
gineer is a most excellent subject for discharge
from a man’s employ, and if the mill does not
take fire the first time he does it, the old adage
about taking the pitcher to the well once too
often is pretty sure to be verified before the
séason is over. j

Night fires are more usually the result of a
too implicit confidence in the watchman, than
many suppose. We would not assert that all
watchmen are unfaithful, but experience has
proved the value of a proprietor’s call at the
mill at unseasonable hours of the night. If you
find a wide plank or two laying across the top of
your boilers, or suspiciously near to the arch,
you may be pretty sure that a quiet visit to that
locality in the small hours of the night, will find
them occupied by a lodger whem you have paid
to walk around and see that no marauders are
threatening your property, and no incipient
blaze is endangering its safety. It is a good
thing to have an energetic man in your employ,
but when you find your watchman always ready
to fill an extra place during the day, and appar-
ently able to do without sleep for an indefinite
length of time, you can be almost positively
sure that what sleep he dispenses with in the
day-time is taken at your risk during the night.
It is well to be suspicious of the faithfulness of
the man who can watch all night and every
night, and grow fat on it, while working half or
three-quarters of the time during the day. It
is at least a good plan to vist him occasionally
when he least expects you, for by such visits
you can often reduce the amount of your appre-
hension, if not the actual premium on your
insurance.

The spark-catcher on your’ smoke stack may
be all safe enough, for practical purposes ; but
when you find a little patch of fire here and
there through the mill yark, on a hot day, it will
pay handsomely to call in the boiler maker, or
set your engineer at work to make the meshes
smaller, or to put up a new wire screen in place
of the damaged one, which will warm you some
day with a hotter blaze than is healthy or pro-
fitable. Your fire pump may be a first-class
one ; but when you go into a mill and see a row
of empty water buckets in the rack on the saw
floor, you can rest assured that if a fire ever
starts on those premises, the fire pump will be
of very little service. Empty buckets are a
pretty sure sign of lazy engineers and mill fore-
men, and a disabled pump. Uufortunately,
when a fire starts on saw mill premises, it is
usually in too much of a hurry to get through
the contract it has taken in hand to allow a
machinist to be sent for to put the pumps in

leading to such examination of their premises as
secure the adoption of safeguards which shall
prove the ounce of prevention better than a
Mill arches, which
have stood all winter, are quite likely to settle
somewhat, soon after a season’s work begins,
and the jar and rattle of the machinery develops
the shell of weakness which has held them.
Cracks in the wall to which no particular atten-
tion is paid, have proved a most serious source
of danger in permitting sparks to escape upon
the light dry dust which is almost certain to
have accumulated upon the beams and timbers
These
should not be permitted to ‘run a day or two
Procrastina-
tion is not only the thief of time, but has des-
troyed many a good saw mill, and the only safe
motto about a mill is found in the trite saying,
“Never put eff until to-morrow what it is need-

order, or to repair the hose which has been
hanging on a peg in the wall until it ie ready to
drop to pieces from decay. The truism that “a
stitch in time saves nine,” has often been cor-
rectly rendered, *‘ a full bucket of water
the mill.” With the record of saw mill

daily increasing, it well becomes all

hav Ce
fires
who are in
terested in this class of property, to give the
subject of its safety from fire a little of the care
that is taken to obtain a full stock of logs, «
extraordinary cut by the Northwestern

ran
Rawe,

Lumberman.

COMBINATION LUMBERING.

Regarding the recent combination of lumber-
ing interests on the Chippewa river, Wis., of
which some details were given some time since,
the Minneapolis Lumberman says: The pur-
chase of the immense property of the Chippewa
Lumber & Boom Co., by the lumbermen of

EKauClaire and the
pany is one of the

Mississippi Logging Com-
largest transactions of the
kind which ever occurred in this country. The
total value of the property is $1,496,000. The
realty costing $1,275,000 and the rest being for
logs cut during the winter. A sort of syndicate
has been formed between the Mississippi Log-
ging Co. of Eau Claire by which it is intended
to bring in all future
lumbering operations on the Chippewa. The
amount of property taken by the new combina-
tion including most of the property of the Chip-
pewa Falls Co., and also certain improvement
dams, etc., heretofore made by the Mississippi
Logging Co., on the river above Chippewa
Falls. The total property which goes into the
hands of the pool is $1,232,000, which is divided
up so that 492 shares go to Eau Claire and 738
goes to the Mississippi Logging Co. The shares
at Eau Claire are divided up among the com-
panies there. The significance of the great
transactions to the trade lays in the fact that it
Means more economical production of logs on
the Chippewa river by united and harmonious
action. Experience has demonstrated lumber-
ing operations on our rivers, (especially driving, )

about entire harmony

can be much more successfully carried on under
a single management, than by scores of indi-
vidual operators, each bent on getting the start
or adyantage of his neighbors. The trouble in
the latter case being that every man knows that
his plan of operation is the best and the rest
cannot see it.

The lumbermen of the Chippewa river have
been acquiring an education in these matters,
and probably have spent as much as the present
investment in finding out that they could do
better in a friendly pool of common interests
than by struggling for the ascendency. Here-
after there will be no more wars, or rumors of
wars, on the raging Chippewa, and everybody
should rejoice who lives this side of Chicago.

The Eau Claire News recently published the
following on the same subject: It is ramored
that a number of Fau Claire lumbermen have
purchased two-fifths of the stock of the Chip-
pewa Lumber & Boom Company, thus putting
the control of lumbering operations on the Chip-
pewa in the hands of one big corporation. The
Chippewa Lumber & Boom Company, it will be
remembered, is the owner of all the pine lands,
town property, saw mills, dams, booms, etc.,
formerly owned by Peck & Barnard, successors
to the Union Lumbering Co., valued at $1,275
000. The capital stock of this company consists
of 1,230 shares of $1,000 each. Of this amount
twelve firms on the Mississippi river own $738, -
000, and six Eau Claire concerns $492,000.

Although the Boom Company is not yet fully
organized, it is understood that the stock taken
here is as follows :—

Empire Lumber Co., $125,000; Eau Claire
Lumber Co., $105,000; Valley Lumber Co.,
$73,000 ; North Western Lumber Co., $73,000 ;
Daniel Shaw Lumber Co., $62,000; Badger
State Lumber Co., $50,000.

If these rumors are true, and they seem to be
well founded, it looks as though it was the in-
tention of the lumbermen to act in harmony in
the future and conduct their operations in a
manner. to subserve their combined interests.
It is easy to see that such a powerful combination
will be able to control in a great measure, all
the lumbering operations on-the river.

The circulation of the CaNaDA LUMBERMAN is
over 2,000 copies. Advertisers should note this.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. —

WANTED,

An efficient and reliable correspondent for the CANADA
y, ' LUMBERMAN, in each of the following cities, viz. :

QUEBEC, OTTAWA,

MONTREAL, HAMILTON,

And LONDON.
For futher information, address
TOKER & CO.,
CANADA LUMBERMAN OFFICE, PUBLISHERS.
Peterborough, Ont., June 13th, 1881.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CanApA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

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TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

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All communications, orders and remittances should
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Communications intended for insertign in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
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sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. JUNE 16, 1881,

THE HARDWOOD TRADE. *

While pine is undoubtedly the most valuable
as well as chief product of our forests, it cannot
be too Mequently impressed upon our people
that a vast field for the employment of labour
and capital lies before them in the other
varieties of timber which our forests produce.

With advanced prices for pine the tendency
will be more and more to substitute the former
for the latter. Already in the neighbouring
States hardwoods, such as maple and beech, are
taking the place of pine for the purpose of floor-
ing, and various finishings in houses, while
every ship, every wagon, every agricultural
imflement, every piano, every piece of furni-
ture, every railway car, every nicely finished
room calls for more or less hardwood, and inas-
much as this same call comes from a rapidly
growing continent as well as from Europe, it is
evident that in cur hardwoods;we have a source
of national wealth and individual employment
and prosperity that should not be despised. We
observe that the hardwood trade of Chicago
alone for 1880 is estimated at 250,000,000 feet,
or about one-sixth of its pine trade, and that
nearly 7,000,000 feet of hardwoods were cut in
the Saginaw Valley alone in 1880, where its
first manufacture dates only a few years back.
In Michigan only afew years ago maple was
valueless, and now every .tree is husbanded as
representing so much money. Birch too, which
was a drug, is now anxiously sought after by
furniture men, and so on through the round
until you reach the despised poplar, which has
found a commercial value for the manufacture
of printing and wrapping papers.

While the field is a good one and prices of
hardwoods like pine is booming, it will, how-
ever, be wise in those who think of embarking

in the hardwood trade to proceed cautiously.
Very much depends upon how it is manu-
factured and handled, while it requires time to
season, and is of comparatively little value
until properly seasoned,

HEMLOCK TREES AND BARK EXTRACT,

Our neighbors in New Brunswick are con-
siderably exercised over the hemlock bark
question. It appears that recently three repre-
sentativezmen visited Fredericton, in the milling
and lumbering interests of Northern Kent, to
protest against the Local Government’s policy
of selling outright, to parties interested in
manufacturing hemlock bark extract, portions
of the timber lands licensed to them for general
lumbering purposes. The Crown Lands De-
partment has advertised for sale 1,000 acres of
land on the Richibucto river under license to
Mr. E. Walker, and from which he draws sup-
plies from his mill on Bass river, and surveys
have been made of other blocks on the Coal
Branch, the Kouchibouguae and the Kouchi-
bouguacis, affecting the other mill owners.
There is a considerable number of hemlock trees
on the streams named, and the Government
claim that under the terms of the licenses
granted to the mill-owners and lumberers these
lands can be sold at any time. The St, John
Sun says: ‘‘It may be justifiable to withdraw
such lands from the lumbermen when they are
actually required for actual settlement purposes,
but it seems scarcely just or reasonable to refuse
to sell these lands, so necessary to the supply of
the saw mills of the country, to one class of
lumbermen, and to sell them absolutely (not

} simply license them) to another class of lumber-

men. In the one case the trees are cut down,
hauled out, sawn into lumber and form a staple
export of the country. In the other case, the
trees are cut down and stripped of their bark,
which alone is removed; the trees themselves
aye left t6 rot in the woods ; the prosecution of
other lumbering is greatly obstructed ; and the
risk of forest fires is greatly increased.” The
Sun goes on to say: ‘*‘ We hope the Provincial
Government will consider the whole question
very fully before deciding to sacrifice an old and
important industry for the sake of one which,
with some good features, has a number of very
bad ones. We regret to learn that the mill-
owners’ protests have not been favorably re-
garded by the Local Government, but there is
still time for the ~Government to reconsider
their original decision in the matter. We in-
cline to the opinion that the country will say
there is a practical grievance here which the
Government cannot pass over without serious
injury to the public interests.”

Mr. Chas. A. D. Miller gives his views in the
St. John Zelegraph on the other side of the
question. He says :—

“Tt is argued that the selling of a certain
quantity of land in Kent County to a firm in-
terested in the Bark Extract business on the
sole condition that they erect one of their
factories in the district will have the effect of
seriously injuring saw mill owners in that part
of the country, and that it is a great injustice to
these gentInmen. Now this is not all borne out
by the facts of the case, as all unpredjudiced
persons will readily admit, for the extract
manufacturers do not want the spruce or pine
(whatever small quantities of these may remain
on these lands, they having been cut and culled
over and over again for the last 30 years and
more) but on the contrary are perfectly willing
that the lumbermen should make use of what
remains on the lands they may take up as here-
tofore, and in fact offer to the mill owners this
lumber on condition that they give them in
return the hemlock bark on what lands they
(the lumbermen) may hold, which surely is fair
enough. In fact the establishment of a bark
extract factory in that part of the country will
increase the value of mill property and provide
them with work for many years to come, for the
effect of such a factory will be to furnish them
with an abundant supply of hemlock logs which
otherwise would be too expensive to lay down
at the mill, unless the bark were also utilized,
and at the same time they will have their sup-
ply of spruce logs, ete., as intact as before.

“Tt must also be borne in mind that the
spruce and pine in this district have now be-
come so scarce, and what is left of them, so

A SMALL MILLER’S COMPLAINT.
To the Editor of The Canada Lumberman :

FALKENBOURG, June 6th, 1881.

small, that it is very unprofitable work, and
does not give their mills anything like full em-
ployment. Hemlock logs, on the contrary, at
the prices at which they will, by the erection of
the bark factories, be enabled to obtain them,
delivered at their mills, will offer much more
remunerative and constant employment.

‘Now as regards the argument that this bark
should be reserved for the use of tanneries in
the future. What guarantee have we got that
large tanneries will ever be established in this
section? In this age of progress and discoveries
can we be certain that hemlock as a tanning
agent will not at any moment be superseded by
some cheaper and more perfect tanning agent ?
Do not India and the Levant and other tropical
countries produce tanning materials which grow
up and are gathered every year in the form of
nuts and a species of plum, ete., which are now
being shipped to England and Europe generally
in immense quantities, and which have almost
entirely taken the place of oak bark for tanning
purposes? The production of these articles can
be forced at will and is enormously increasing,
and whereas as hemlock bark only contains
from 4 to 7 per cent. of tanning, these articles
contain from 20 to 40 per cent. The effect
already of the introducton of these materials,
though hemlock and oak bark may be becoming
scarcer, has been that tanning agents in the
great markets of the world are cheaper to-day
than they were 10 or 20 years ago, and this, too,
notwithstanding that the tanning trade in the
same time has enormously increased. There is
an old saying that ‘Hay should be made while
the sun shines,’ and surely the present genera-
tion should not be allowed to starve that a
future one may have a merely prospective
advantage.

“*England does not prohibit the use of coal,
though scientists unanimously declare that it
must, ere long, be exhausted. The fact of the
matter is that there will always be enough bark
in New Brunswick, and to spare, to tan all
domestic hides ; and as much money is expend-
ed per cord of bark used in the manufacture of
merchantable bark extract, as in the case of a
large tannery, which invariably has to look to a
foreign country for its supply of hides, which is
by far the largest item of expenditure in such an
industry. In this respect it contrasts unfavor-
ably with the hemlock extract busimess, in
which the entire expenditure is made in the
country.”

Journalism,” from persons interested in the
lumber trade. This brings to mind the case of
small saw mill men, of whom, being one myself,
I can speak ‘‘feelingly.” Now, such men find
it quite a feat, and a hard one too, to furnish
and stock up a small mill with a few thousand
logs, cut them into lumber, and get it to market
without the loan, in most cases, of a cent from a
bank, they are consequently forced to hurry

they can get in order to meet running expenses,
and, of course, they nearly always sell at great
disadvantages. For instance take this case,
such aman ‘‘ ships” 2 or 3 carloads to Toronto
say, when he gets there he has little cash, and
can’t wait, he must sell, the planing mill men
know this, and they’ve got him; they offer
what they like, and a bargain is made, and the
lumber is sold for sometimes a third less than
its real value ; then in measuring, the buyer has
the seller again, if a board is damaged in
transit, it is culled, and a wide margin is taken
for ‘‘ checks,” sun-dried boards, spoil lying on
cars, docks, and waiting shipment, this margin
in a few carloads is often thousands of feet ;
these culls are rated as of no value, although
firewood is $5 or $6 a cord in Toronto. All this
reduces the price of the lumber to a low figure,
that just allows the millman to live by a hard
struggle, and he often breaks down after a short
fight, and is bankrupt. Now, if a combination
of small mill men was formed, a depot at some
point formed under proper management at any
good point for selling, where the lumber could
be received and taken proper care of, and sold
at a fair profit, how much better that would be
for such men as I describe, and it would injure
nobody, but would be a fair way of doing busi-
ness, and the standing, ete., of the persons
availing themselves of these arrangements could
be learnt, and loans could be got from banks to
enable a better winter’s work to be done in
stocking up and cutting, ete., better and more
lumber could be made at a benefit to all round.
This idea, no doubt, has occurred to many, but
I have not seen it in print. If it interests any
of your readers, well and good ; if not, no harm
is done; and as your paper is especially de-
voted to the trade, to which it is doubtless
doing good service, I suppose one may consider
the above named as a fair subject for thinking
over by anyone concerned.
Yours truly,
W. Moore.

[We shall be glad to hear from others on this
or any other subject connected with the trade.
One of the advantages to be derived from the
publication of such a paper as THE CANADA
LuMBERMAN, is that it will afford a medium for
the expression of opinions, and thus secure the
removal of grievances.—Ep. LUMRERMAN. ]

HOW TO SPLICE BELTS.

Mr. W. McGrath, one of the employes of the
Dickson Estate Mills, has sent us the following
anent the item which appeared in a late issue of
this journal with regard to the running of the
splices of a belt :—

A belt should be put on so that the splices
will run with the pulleys, not against them.
Both pulleys, the driving and driven run the
same way, consequently the splices act the same
on both. In instances where a pulley is on
both sides of a belt, as is the case when a
tightner is used, put the belt on so that the
splices will run with the smaller pulley. The
grain side of the leather should be put next the
pulley, as it is more close and will not stretch
as much as the flesh side. It is also smoother
and will not be so apt to slip under the strain of
starting up.

BRACEBRIDGE.

TuE late rains have been the means of bring-
ing out nearly all the logs that were expected to
be ‘“‘hung up” for the present season. The
Little East drive is still moving, but it is slow
work as the water is very low.- The tail of the
Muskoka Boom Company’s drive is past Bays-
ville, on the South Branch, and they are ran-
ning into Mary Lake. On the North Branch
the head of the drive is within three miles of
the Georgian Bay, and the Company expects to
begin delivering these the last of this month,
which will be about a month earlier than usual.
The water generally is very low and falling

McCLAREN vs. CALDWELL.

Since our last issue this case has occupied the
attention of the Court of Appeal for several
days. The lengthy arguments of the counsel
having been concluded, judgment was reserved,
Several minor moves haye also been made on
the legal chess-board with regard to the same,
without, so far as we can see, any material
benefit to either party.

BOBCAYGEON.

A scow load of poplar has passed through the
Locks here on its way to the Napanee Paper
Mills. At Lindsay it will be transferred to the
cars and taken to Napanee. As poplar makes
first-rate paper, the probabilities are that this
will prove the pioneer shipment of many to
follow from the same district.

THE steamboats are busy with the drives.

Untyrot & Sappier’s drive of 40,000 pieces,
from the township of Anson, are now passing”
the slides en route for Harwood, They are a
fine lot, ;

PETERBOROUGH,
PETERBOROUGH, June 13.—The river here is
full of logs. Some forty river drivers are camped
at the Little Lake, and there are now between
this point and Stoney Lake fully 500,000 logs
bound for the mulls,

WE are informed on excellent authority that
the Dominion Bank recently sold their mill cut
of last season (with mill culls out) for $12 per
1,000 f.0.b. at Longford mills. This lot could
not be considered above an average one,

Dear Sirz,—I see in the current month you ©
.ask for correspondence under the head of “Class —

their lumber to market and sell for anything —

*

|

THE

lode LUMBE

~J

ois

NOTES BY THE WAY.
LINDSAY.

Building operations, so far, have not been

brisk in Lindsay this season. A few buildings
are under contract, and the block of wooden
buildings recently burned, covering an acre of
ground, will have to be rebuilt, which will
create some extra work.
_ One saw mill, known as “‘ The Yankee Mill,”
(Bond, Downer & Co.) has been shut down for
the past two seasons. The other two saw mills
in Lindsay are running full time. Messrs.
Needler & Sadler’s mill, driven by water power,
is running from six o'clock a.m. to eight p.m.
The cut this season will amount to 100,000 feet
eustom work, and 700,000 feet from iogs got out
on their own account last winter. They had a
new ‘‘ burner” built last spring to consume saw-
dust and refuse. It is constructed after the
pattern of a steam boiler furnace .with ordinary
smoke-stack, and answers the purpose well.

Mr. Thurston’s mill is working full time in
the various branches of sawing, shingle-making,
ete., carried on by this enterprising gentleman.
The stock of logs got out by him last winter has
been, proportionately, considerably more ex-
pensive than that of former years, which must

-reduce the ultimate profits. The same rule
applies more or less to stocks, generally, cut
last winter. ;

Shingle manufacture is an extensive industry
in Lindsay. Mr. Fee is engaged in completing
his stock of cedar shingles before commencing
the pine stock, as when the weather becomes
dry the manufacture of cedar shingles is dis-
agreeable on account of the impalpable dust
which comes from the seasoned blocks ; whilst,
on the other hand, before the wood gets too dry
the work is pleasant, and the aroma of the
eedar which pervades the mill is healthful and
agreeable. His cut of cedar shingles this season
will amount to four million—pine shingles, one
million. Mr. Fee exports to Oswego, Albany,
Troy and other United States markets, and
also does a large trade in fence posts and tele-
graph poles. He intends next season to retire
from the milling business to his farm, near
Lindsay, where he has this spring erected a
large brick dwelling, and where he will carry
on butter and cheese making on an extensive
scale. As the mill is fitted up with powerful
steam engine. circular saw for cutting lumber,
planing machine, as well as the most improved
shingle making machinery, Mr. Fee’s retire-
ment will make a good opening for some enter-
prising party acquainted
business.

Mr. Burke has a good shingle mill, on the
upper side of the locks, which is turning out a
fair quantity of first-class shingles daily.

The other principal industries of Lindsay are,
two tanneries, a woollen factory, brewery,
stave factory, chair factory, sash and door
factory, a carriage factory, and a large flouring
mill, working day and night, grinding 8,000
bushels of wheat, yet on hand of last winter’s
purchase. Over a dozen steamers of various
‘sizes ply on the Scugog and Bobcaygeon waters,
engaged in freight, lumber and passenger traffic
between Fenelon Valls, Bobcaygeon, Lindsay,

and Port Perry.
GALT.

The new saw mill recently erected by George
Hespeler, Esq., (P. McGregor, manager,) has a
stock of logs on hand to cut for the season of
800,000 feet of pine and 200,000 feet of hard-

“wood. The machinery, 5 ft. circular saw, edger
and butting saw,—all of the most improved
pattern—are driven by a 35 horse-power steam
engine from Goldie & McCulloch’s establish-
tment. The mill works well and will have the
sawing finished early this summer.

HAMILTON.

The “ Ambitious City” is full of business
energy at the present time. Workmen of all
kinds are in good demand and wages high.
Railway freight trains daily bring in car after
ear loaded with square timber and lumber of all
gorts and sizes. The demand is greater than
the supply. Near the Great Western the harbor

Tooks like one of the Quebec coves. Men are
busy rafting. Withs and traverses are piled in
ape along the wharves. The old immigrant
are taken possession of by the jolly shanty
who find them roomy and commodious

felling places.

Messrs. Flatt & Bradley have made up and
despatched two rafts of 100,000 feet each, which
have arrived safe at Quebec. Another raft of
125,000 will be ready to leave on Monday (18th
June.) The rafts are composed of oak, elm,
ash, pine, whitewood, maple, cherry, walnut,
and hickory, square and round. Messrs, Vlatt
& Bradley have yet to arrive by train about

300,000 from all parts of the surrounding coun-

try. They have about 40 men employed in
rafting.

Messrs. McArthur Bros., of Toronto,
despatched two rafts from Hamilton, averaging
about 100,000 feet each—mixed timber. An-
other raft, nearly ready, will take the balance
they expect to have at this port.

Messrs. McCrae & Murphy sent one raft out
early in May, and are making up another which
will clean up their stocks. Timber mixed, oak,
&e.

Mr. John Durkin, of Quebec, has sent away
one raft—has another ready, and a small raft
yet to make up.

Mr. J. Lattimer, Toronto, has one raft nearly
ready, which completes his stock on hand,

Messrs. D. & J. McCrae are loading a vessel
with staves and plank for Collins’ Bay.

Messrs. Flatt & Bradley have shipped four
cargoes this season of oak and hickory to Garden
Island to be forwarded to Quebec.

Building operations are brisk. Mr. Robert
Chisholm is making good progress with the
large cotton factory now in course of erection,
The main building is 362 ft. long by 50 wide,
with a number of wings and additions. The
engine-room is 45 ft. by 33. Picker house 52 by
40 ft. There are three floors in the main build-
ing, supported by 250 oak columns. The beams
are 50 feet long, and 12 by 14 inches, formed of
three pieces, beaded, 4 inches thick, and bolted
with ?-inch bolts 18 inches apart. T"oors double
laid on the joist, or beams, forming a ceiling.
Messrs. Brennen & Son, lumber merchants and
manufacturers, supply the lumber, doors. sash?
ete. There are three hundred windows in the
main building. Mr. Chisholm has just finished
the Hamilton Provident and Loan Society’s
buildings—a magnificent block with two fronts
of Ohio freestone. Another large building is
being erected on King street, with two fronts of
brown freestone from the Caledon or George-
town quarries, said to be superior to the Olio
freestone in durability and facility of working.

The Emery Wheel Manufacture or Hamilton
Hart Wheel Company, have very complete pre-

have

rT
She tee kamber mises, and seem to be doing a large business.

Corundum is used freely by this company, and
is said to be superior to emery.

Mr. Leacu’s shingle mill was burnt to the
ground on May 31st. The fire caught from a
smudge they had to chase mosquitoes.

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand,

FLEMING & SON,

114 26 Colborne St., Toronto.

Has no equal for the permanent cure of
Coughs, Colds, Sore Throat, Asthma, Croup,
Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and

, all Lung Diseases. ¢
oe Every bottle guaranteed to give satisfaction.
\T. MILBURN & CO., Proprietors Toronto, ,

EWAN CHAIN for Sawdust Carriers, Live Rolls, &c.

Pp O RIABUE
Saw Mills, Grist Mills and Shingle Mills

DOUBLE EDGERS, LUMBER TRIMMERS.

Yae"THE MIXTER SAW GUMMER IS KING.

MORE GUMMERS and SWAGES sold the past year than ever before. The great and con-
stantly increasing demand for the “MIXTER GUMMER” settles the question of ils efficiency
and superiority over all other Gaummers in Market.

The following is a fair sample of the many flattering testimonials which are constantly pour-
ing in upon us :—

West Troy, N. Y.

DEAR Srirs—Your Patent, Automatic. Self-Feeding Saw Gummer is a perfect success.

Yours, &c.,, FE. MORS & CO., Lumber & Timber Dealers.

,

WATSON, ErFINGHAM Co., Illinois.
GENTS—I am using one of your Patent Automatic Self-Feeding Saw Gummers at each of my
three mills, and I would not take one hundred dollars for it if I could not get another like it,

Yourstruly, WM. ANDERSON.
CORINTH, Miss.
GENTLEMEN—The Patent Automatic Self-Feeding Saw Gummer we bought of you just fills

the bill exactly. We gummed a sixty-inch saw with sixty teeth, cutting on an average of three-
fourths inch deep to each tooth, with one cutter without sharpening it.
Respectfully yours, WHEELER & WILLIS.

THE CUTTER OR BURR referred to in the above, (} in.) cost 90 CENTS, it takes one-half
minute to each tooth, and the saw is gummed without rersoving it from the mandrel G2 ALL
SAW Y ERS know this is a great alvantage, besides a saving in time.

We challenge ANY saw tool manufacturer in the United States to produce such an array of
unsolicited testimonials as we have received for our GUMMER AND SWAGE.,, r

Of course we have not room here for an extended list.

Our goods are now so well established throughout the country, that information can be easily
obtained as to their practical working from any of the Several Thousaud Sawyers who have
them in use.

In short the MIXTER GUMMER is pronounced by ali to be the ** BOSS GUMMER.”

Send for circular and price list with cash discounts, .

SAWS and Saw Furnishings.
L15

Waterous Engine Works | U0, Brantford, Canada

unum
am

The Rainer Piano Always Triumphant!

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:

At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, lst Prize, Diplome & Medal for Best Square Piano
At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition Ist Prize and Diploma
At Brantford Southern Fair’ Ist Prize and Diploma

At Guelph Central Exhibition - = - Ist Prize and Diploma
gs SEND FOR CATALOGUE. -@Q

RAINER, SWEETNAM .& HAZELTON,

MANUFACTURERS,

Gagan ene > QIN EA Fe EO

L14

The Largest Manufacturers of

SHEET IRON ROOFING

IN THE UNITED STATES.

Can give the Best of References in
every State and Territory.

POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP’Y.

101, 103 and 105 West Front Street,
CINCINNATI.

All Kinds of CORRUGATED TRON Furnished,

| i i
Ho) ta

Gy |
TH

a nt : It

Send for Lilustrated Circulars, naming THE CANADA
LUMBERMAN, 12u11

NOTES BY THE WAY.
UXBRIDGE.

Mr. J. Gould cut last spring about 400,000 ft.
of custom logs at his water saw mill, Uxbridge,
41 miles from Toronto, Of this about one-half
was pine, and the balance hemlock and hard-
wood. He has, of his own stock, also cut 50,000
ft. of hardwood, 40,000 ft. basswood, and 250,-
000 ft. of pine—having yet on hand 350,000 feet

pine to cut, which will be finished by the end

of July.

Mr. Wheler, of Uxbridge, is getting through
with cutting his stock of about 400,000 feet of
pine. The demand is good, both locally and for
export by the Toronto & Nipissing Railway,
all along the line from Coboconk,

LONGFORD,

Two ‘‘burners” have been erected by Mr. W.
Hamilton, of Peterborough, for the Longford
Lumber Co., for the convenience and safety of
consuming the refuse from the Longford mills.
They are built of boiler plate. The larger of
the two is 80 ft. high and 60 ft. in circumfer-
ence at the base. They are bottle-shaped, and
lined inside to the thickness of 18-in. and height
of 32 ft. with fire brick, brought from Scotland.
The largest burner is capable of consuming the
refuse of the sawing of 80,000 ft. in a day of 114
hours. The smaller burner is about one-fifth
less than the other. Mr. Thompson, the mana-
ger, has 6,000,000 ft. of logs in the lake (St.
John) at the mills, and 10,000,000 on the river.
The mills are running at their greatest capacity
and on full time. Twenty-seven loaded cars of
lumber left the yard one day, week ending 31st

May.
WASHAGO.

Mr. John Stewart’s shingle mill, on lot 15 in

9th con. of North Orillia, was destroyed by fire
on the 15th May. The machinery is being re-
paired at Brammer’s, Orillia. Mr. Stewart is
to have a circular-saw put in along with the
shingle machinery, and expects to be running
again the first week of June.

DARTMORE.

Mr. John Fleming, of Dartmore, Atherley
station, Midland railway, had his shingle mill
burned on the 24th May. The mill was driven
by water, but the fire communicated from burn-
ing refuse. About $100 worth of shingles were
consumed, Noinsurance. Mr. I, will re-build
at once, and put in a circular-saw at the same
time with the shingle machine.

GOODWOOD,

This is a lively lumber station, 84 miles from
Toronto, on the Toronto & Nipissing Railway,
having two good saw mills run by steam,
Clark’s mill will cut two million logs this sum-
mer. Mr. Davidson, manager, is filling two
orders from the Dominion Government for
lock-gates’ material for the Welland and
Lachine canals, viz.: Sawn timber, 30.ft. long
and 74 to 10x 244 in. wide. The timber is of
excellent quality.

The other mill at Goodwood is run by’ J. & G.
Besse & Co. They will cut 1} million feet this
season, and are shipping daily to Toronto, with
good demand for all they can get ready, and
with orders ahead for next winter. There is
also a planing machine connected with this
mill.

ORILLIA.

Messrs, Miller & Vansickle have lately finish-
ed their new steam saw mill, near the Midland
railway station, Orillia. It is fitted up with all
the latest labor-saving machinery, and to those
improvements are added some new contrivances
invented by the proprietors of the mill. The
present stock of logs at hand is being cut for the
Flos Lumber Co.—Mr. Orr, manager, Barrie,
The mill is running full time, and a shingle
machine will soon be added to the lumber cut-
ting machinery,

Mr. Andrew Tait is carrying on a lively trade
in supplying lumber and shingles from his mill
at Orillia, as well as from some smaller mills
along the Midland, westward, which are fur-
nished by him,

PARRY SOUND,

The logs of the Parry Sound Lumber Co. (J.
C. Miller) are all afloat, and the mills are work-
ing to their utmost capacity. This’ spring a
very large ‘‘ burner” has been erected at those
mills to consume the sawdust and refuse. It is
shaped like achampagne bottle, and constructed
of boiler plate and lined 30 ft, up with fire

THE CANADA

brick. The height of the ‘‘ burner” is 100 feet,
with a screen'17,feet high on the top, in all 117
feet. It is 22 feet in diameter at the bottom
and 12 feet at the top, and gives the mills a
business like appearance from the approach to
the Sound,

Sales on the Georgian Bay are brisk.

The drives in Parry Sound and Muskoka dis-
tricts are getting along slowly, and unless more
rain falls soon on the North Seguin, a consider-
able quantity of logs will be left"over.

On the North Seguin, the Ontario Bank will
have about 20,000 pieces hung up, but on the
South Seguin it is expected all will be got
down, The Ontario Bank sold recently at their
mills at Parry Harbor, about four and one-half
million feet of lumber to J. C. Miller, at an
average of $10 per M. cash.

SALE OF TIMBER LIMITS.

Berths Nos, 128, 136 and 137, on Serpent
River, near Bruce mines, were recently sold by
Mr. J. C. Miller to Mr. H. H, Cook for $20,000
net cash. It is stated that the same limits are
now under offer to parties from Grand Rapids,
Mich., at $40,000. The same parties have the
refusal from Mr. Miller of berths 85, 92,107, 119
and 124 on the Spanish River, at $50,000.

On the 23rd of May, Mr. A. M. Spratt, of
Alpena, Mich., purchased the north 37 square
miles of the Township of Armour, in the Parry
Sound district, from Mr. J. C. Miller for $15,-
000, and next day re-sold the berth to Messrs,
Burton Bros., of Barrie, for $17,750. This was
a handsome profit for Brother Jonathan to make
on the bargain. The timber limits on the north
shore of Georgian Bay are becoming very valu-
able, as the Muskoka region is getting thinned
out.

THE CHAUDIERE PLANING MILLS AND
MACHINE WORKS.

These industries were established many years

since by Mr. A. H. Baldwin, Chaudiere Island,

Ottawa, then one of the leading sawn lumber

merchants and mill owners, who has since re-

tired from business in favor of his son, Mr. W.
H. Baldwin, and his son-in-law, Mr. James
Parr, present proprietors.

The planing mill was started in 1870, the
machinery of which, however, was removed in
1876 into a new building erected for the pur-
pose, which is 80 ft. by 30, two ‘storeys high,
and contains three planers, moulding machine,
re-sawing machine, turning lathes and the usual
swing butting, edging and gig saws. Every
description of house furnishing lumber is manu-
factured, such as clapboards, flooring, scroll
work and mouldings of all kinds, ete., full
assortments of which are kept in stock and
stered in large sheds adjoining the mill. When
we visited the works a quantity of water elm
was being cut for the inside finishing of a publie
building at Winnipeg, Man.

The machine shop and foundry, laso run by
Messrs. W. H. Baldwin & Co., which are built
of stone, were erected and fitted up by Mr. A.
H. Baldwin in 1868, and afterwards sold to the
owners of the Victoria Foundry, but subse-
quently lapsed back to the original founder,
remaining idle, owing to the depression, for
three years.

The machine shop which is now in full opera-
tion, 80x 60, three storeys high. The first and
second flats are equipped with five lathes, two
planers, two vertical drills, a large bolt cutter,
shaping machines, ete. The upper flat is occu-
pied as astore room for the various patterns
kept.

The blacksmith shop has two forges and the
usual other appliances.

The foundry, built also of stone, is 35x 60,
and contains a cupola, blast and cranes for lift-
ing heavy castings.

The appurtenances are complete in every
department of the works for the manufacture of
every article required in general and mill and
steamboat machinery, which is a specialty of
the firm, who aim at promptness and durability
both in new work and repairs.—Our Cheerful
Friend,

The great Marvel of Healing—the grand
climax of medicinal discoveries is Burdock Blood
Bitters. It cures all diseases of the Blood, Liver,
Stomach, Bowels, Skin and Kidneys, Female Com-
plaints, Scrofula, General and Nervous Debility, and is
a reliable Tonic in all broken down conditions of the

system. Sample bottles 10 cents, Supplied by all
dealers in medicine,

LUMBERMAN.

CONSUMPTION OF LUMBER IN TORONTO.
From Our Own Correspondent.

I have been endeavoring to collect a few
statistics relating to the retail Inmber trade in
this city, but find it exceedingly difiicult to
procure figures that can be fully relied upon.
The reasons for this may be explained as fol-
lows: Upon interviewing A. he gave me a long
column of figures purporting to be a correct
statement of his sales from the yard during the
year 1880. Upon enquiry, however, I found
that included in this statement are sales by car
load, made by him to B. and C. who are also
yard men, but had bought several cars from A,
to retail from their yards, A. happening to have
the particular kinds of lumber they needed.
Upon making application to B..and C., they in
turn informed me they had also sold consider-
able by car loads to other retailers, all of which
was comprised in the figures handed me as
being yard sales. Other retailers informed me
they could not give me the quantities they had
sold, but could give me the figures in dollars
and cents, so that to obtain figures that may be
taken as reliable is simply impossible. Another
serious disadvantage under which the retailers
labour here, is the want of organization or co-
hesion amongst themselves; they seem to view
each other with a kind of suspicion and distrust,
so that each man, so to speak, runs on his own
track, heedless as to what his brother chip may
be doing. As witness the following experiencé
when visiting a few of the yards : Questioning
the first I called upon as to what price he
obtained for joisting and scantling up to 16 ft.
lengths, his answer was $11.00 per M.; on re-
peating the question to No. 2, his reply was
$11.50 per M., and No. 3 stated he would not
sell under $12.00 per M., so that it virtually
seems to be a matter of go-as-you-please amongst
them. Now this is certainly not as it should
be, and nothing tends more to demoralize the
trade than such want of unity, but if a Lumber-
mens’ Exchange was once in proper running
order, so that grades could be properly estab-
lished, prices regulated, and dead-beats’ shown
up, and in short, a thorough interchange of
@icas take place between one another, it would
certainly be greatly to the advantage of all
concerned.

Another evil under which retail men are
laboring here, and one which could easily be
abated by acting in concert, is the custom in
vogue amongst mill men of supplying consumers
by the car load, at rates as low, or nearly so, as
that charged to the retail trade, even going the
length of bringing down half a car for a con-
sumer and disposing of the remaining half car
tothe retailer. Now, this is certainly unsatis-
factory both in principal and common justice to
the retail men, and the yard men could soon
apply the remedy if thoroughly in earnest.
Doubtless some of your readers will remember
the tactics used by the retailers in Chicago to
remove the same trouble and in which I be-
lieve they were thoroughly successfuls it operat-
ed in something like the following manner:
After notifying the wholesale men that here-
after, they, the retailers, would demand a
royalty of S— per car according ta grade on all
lumber sold to consumers, they calmly waited
and watched. Some of the wholesalers laughed
and derided at the demand as something pre-
posterous, but those who disregarded the de-
mand soon found to their cost that they had not
all the laugh to themselves. The retailers
simply black-balled all such which meant
nothing more or less than this : We purchase no
more lumber from you until you accede to our
demands; and in this way the remedy was
prompt and efficient, and there is no reason why
the same means could not be adopted and
carried out here, and to the ultimate benefit of
all concerned. The lumberman is generally
termed the prince of good fellows, but some-
times there crops out amongst the best. of them
a slight disposition to grasp at all the trade
within their reach, and this is more often the
case amongst wholesale men, so that in dull
times especially, the course taken by them in
the matter of selling to consumers, has driven
many of the retailers to the wall and has ulti-
mately been a cause of considerable loss to
themselves.

During the year 1880 there has been sold
from the yards here in round numbers :—

~

¥

30,000,000 ft. lumber, 13,000,000 shingles, 15
000,000 sawn lath, and in addition to this th

has been sold by car loads to consumers, direc
as much more, besides a considerable quantit
sold by the factory men, who all do more or less
of a retail lumber business, and the sales of the
present year bids fair to far outstrip that of its
predecessor, as buildings are springing up in
every direction ; and it is much to be regretted
for the future of Toronto that many buildings
now being erected by speculators, are of such
material and workmanship as not to add to the
future glory of this the Western Metropolis.
Still there are a number of quite pretentious
and substantial buildings now going up; and o
thing to be noticed is, that the architects
now demanding that all lumber used in the con-
struction of good buildings shall be fairly dry,
so that this will necessitate a much larger stock
of lumber to be kept on hand by retailers,
meet the demand in this respect. To sum the
whole matter up, the building trade is now
fairly booming and all concerned feel corres-
pondingly jubilant.

HOW CHICAGO YARD PRICES ARE FIXED

At a recent meeting of the Lumbermens’
Exchange in Chicago, the following ' were unani-
mously passed :—

Resolved, That on the 27th day of each month
a meeting of the yard dealers shall be called to
go through the price list, making such altera-
tions as to them may seem wise ; that said list,
so amended on the 27th of each ak, shall be
in force on the first day of the succeeding
month, and shall be the standard of prices at —
which orders shall pe filled, until its successor
comes out on each succeeding month ; Provided,
that should any change in prices be considered
advisable prior to the 27th of any month, a
meeting of yard dealers shall be called, and
their action shall be binding on all orders re-
ceived after a lapse of twenty-four hours.

Resolved, That when a price list is agreed
upon and adopted at any yard dealer’s meeting,
it shall become obligatory on all yard dealers to
issue no list, either printed or hektographed,
nor to advertise in any newspaper at any less —
prices than established at said meeting; and
should any firm think that prices as fixed at any
time are higher than the market will justify,
then, on notice to the president and secretary, a
meeting of yard dealers shall be called, before
any reduced list or advertisement is sent out.

YOUNG'S POINT.

From Our Own Correspondent.

Saw Loc Drive.—On the 27th ultimo a large
drive of saw logs, consisting of 45,000 pieces,
passed through here en route to Messrs. Ullyott
& Saddler’s mills, Harwood, under the charge of
Mr. P. Bergin, foreman. The men on this
drive were the best conducted that has passed
through here for some years. The foreman is a
shrewd business fellow, and the men under him
seemingly work with a will.

wit

Worth Preserviug.

The following figures are worth remembering,
as they will save a great deal of calculation and
give approximately accurate results with a min-
imum of labor :—
A cord of stone, three bushels of lime and a
cubic yard of sand will lay 100 cubic feet of —
wall.
Five courses of brick will lay 1 foot in height
on a chimney. Nine bricks in a course will
make a flue 8 inches wide and 20 inches long ;
and § bricks in a course will make a flue 8
inches wide and 16 inches long.
Eight bushels of good lime, 16 bushels of sand
and one bushel of hair will make enough mortar
to plaster 100 square yards.
One-fifth more siding and flooring is needed
than the number of square feet of surface to be
covered, because of the lap in the siding and
matching of the floor.
One thousand laths will cover 70 yards of sur-
face, and 11 pounds of lath nails will nail them
on.
One thousand shingles laid four inches to
the weather will cover 100 square feet of surface,
and five pounds of shingle nails will fasten them

on,

BurFato has in all sixty-six lumber dealers.
Tonawanda has twenty-seven,

i ll le

-

ETT

— —s Ghiye.

B. Youne & Co. have completed the new
chimney to theirmill. They have in Half Way
River Lake no less than 5,000,000 feet of logs.

Mr. Huew Mackay, Crown Lands Agent and
Sollector of Ctistoms at Parry Sound, died sud-
denly on the 28th ult., from the bursting of a
blood vessel.

Price & Co., West Brook, are erecting a
store at West Brook crossing. They have
yped sawing at their steam mill—their logs
e for the present “hung up” for want of

Sp imas. rafts of cordwood were being unload-
ed near the foot of Broadway street, Winnipeg,
on the 27th ult., where a number of men are
pas onstantly in the water up to their
W r the purpose of fishing it out.

AN ‘enterprising Vancouver, B.C., man, Mr.
B. L. Morrison, has this season ahipped to San
ncisco 800,000 hoop-poles, and has 600,000
ly ready for shipment and more coming.
has shipped as high as 2,000,000 in one

W mter.
F A CORRESPONDENT of the Country Gentleman
&

ys that he saw 100 black locust posts which
iad been 22 years planted, and that they were
sounder below the ground than above, and
ould be good posts for at least another 20

} aA. ‘FLEET of nine flatboats of lumber, shingles,
ete. arrived at Winnipeg on the-28th ult., from
oorhead, having been brought down by J.
Morris. About two weeks were spent on the
ray. The freight was Pele to Moorhead
Minneapolis by rail.

Lewis Rivers, Esa., of St. John, has become
manager for Thos. L. DeWolf & Co., at their
new mill, at Diligent River. This ail will be
completed this fall. It will cost some $20,000.
The firm have some 5,000 acres of land to log
from and they have 3,500,000 logs out.

_ A FEW years agp the idea of exporting bob-
s would have been considered extremely im-
‘practicable, but now the diminishing timber
supply of the old world has forced her to call
‘upon us for these articles. A Lawrence, Mass.,
firm is in receipt of large orders for them from
‘England.
_ A sTEAM saw mill near Oakland, Md., was
blown to atoms by the explosion of a ipies
The fireman, Marshall Butler, was blown six
hundred feet, and driven head foremost under
» ome old logs. One boiler was carried one
housand feet up the hill side.
UBING 1879-80, Ontario has shipped to the
ited States $109,970 worth of house-hold
niture, and a little to the West Indies ;
bee sent $3,319 worth. Doors, sashes, and
ds were sent from both Provinc@s to Great
Other manufactures of wood, un-
ified, went from Ontario, Quebec, Nova
Scotia, and New Brunswick, to Britain, and the
tates and the Indies tothe value of $262,000.
We have had a visit from Mr, Little, an ex-
ienced lumberman, who some seven or eight
B ago prophesied the extinction of the
American lumber supply in ten or twelve years,
ud thereafter the accelerated extinction of our
wn. He still thinks, notwithstanding the ex-
reme slackness of the lumber trade for the
e part of the time since his pamphlet was
iblished, that his calculation is not far from
rect, and that inten years from now America
have to look for her lumber in European
: People in Canada are, as a rule, too
y to take up questions of this sort seriously.
Tumor once started in England about the
ible exhaustion of the coal supply created
nal alarm, and provoked parliamentary in-
sstigation. Mr. Little’s warning of danger to
ir leading industry is more or less borne out by
he opinion of all experts whom we have con-
on the subject, and it seems time that
matter should be looked into.—Montreal

A Good Location,

Canapa LumepermaM could not easily
e got into a better “location’ than the
borough Review offices. Messrs. Toker
0. will not spare either talents or money in

g the paper all that its name impiles,
has been restored to its
al size, 16 pages,—Orillia Packet,

UMEBERMAS

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

STEAMSHIPS AND THE TIMBER TRADE,

The constantly increasing number of steam-
ships in the timber-carrying trade will not be
wondered at by those who take note of the im-
mense quantity of steam tonnage annually
turned out in this country from the great build-
ing yards in the north. The mystery will be, by
and by, how sailing vessels are to get a living at
all, in any trade, against the opposition of
steam, which can accomplish so much more in
less time and at a lower rate of freight than the
sailer can live at. Mr, C. Moller’s recently
issued steamship circular furnishes some re-
markable information on this important subject.
From it we learn that since the Ist of Jamuary
no fewer than 78 ships, measuring about 118,000
tons gross, have been added to the large fleet
already afloat. Nevertheless, there were still at
the beginning of April about 800,000 tons of
shipping on the stocks, much of which is speci-
ally adapted for Atlanti¢ service. The Ameri-
can trade is daily gaining more and more in
importance, owing to the large increase in emi-
grants from Europe and live stock and provi-
sions back. Of new ships there are not many
offering for sale, and these can only be had at
full prices ; but by degrees, as the new ships
become available, more second-hand boat are
coming into the market, and many of them,
having been supplied with new boilers, have be-
come very useful ships, and can be bought at
reasonable prices, Most of the principal builders
are full of work for some time to come, but still
orders can be effected on previous terms.

There will, of course, come a time when many
of these ships will not be wanted for the trades
on which they were intended to run. Some will
fall out of it by age and disability, and others
on account of being superseded by new ones of
larger size or of greater suitability, and the
timber trade will most likely pick up the strag-
glers, which will not require much alteration to
adapt them permanently to the trade, and by
and by others will be built, in all likelihood, of
light draught of water to go anywhere, and to
anything that a small coaster can now accom-
plish.

Though they are rather backward this spring,
steam and iron together are creating a revolu-
tion in the timber-carrying trade, which is more
and more obvious to us as every fresh season
comes round.. Two results may be expected
from this change, which will be claimed as
publicly beneficial—it will keep timber down in
price, and prevent there ever being any scarcity
of it.—Zimber Trades Journal.

Carbonized Timber.

Herr Gopport has recently exhibited a piece
of pine which has been submitted for two years
to a pressure of 124 tons in a Silesian mine. It
had been compressed to one-fourth, and had
been converted into a half-carbonized state
through the action of pressure alone, as little
moisture had access, and the temperature was
never above that of the surrounding atmosphere.
It had quite the appearance of a dark brown
colored bituminous wood of the tertiary brown
coal formation, but it was without the smell
observed in burning bituminous wood. The
change of volume was at the cost of the water-
content of the wood, A considerable amount
of oxygen and hydrogen had come off as water ;
aud the composition approximated to that of
peat of the older peat formations.

Chicago’s Imports of Canada Lumber.
We learn from the Northwestern Lumberman
that the imports of lumber into Chicago from
Canadian ports during the last three years has
been as follows :—
tie ose aistrtels eis.oleia's Ananonoper, 7,751,000 feet

“

A Healthy Change.

Tur CANADA LuMBERMAN has changed hands,
and will hereaftér be published at Peterborough
by Messrs, Toker & Co., proprietors of the
Peterborough Review. Judging by the initial
number under the new management, we must
say that the change appears to be a healthy one.
We wish our contemporary much success from
their new aquisition.—Worth Shore Miner.

THEY ALL Do IT. ain body uses ‘‘TKABERRY” for
the teeth and breath, the newest, brightest, cosiest
ittle toilet gem extant, Try ad cent sample,

Wanted.

A SECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER ; also a LATH
MACHINE, both in good repair. Reply stating lowest
cash terms or particulars to Box 1002, Peterborough.110

. For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and COMPLETE
CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteen

foot head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough. L10
Allandale Junction Hotel
Travellers by Northern Railway have 15 to 20 minutes

by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals. Tea and
coffee at counter.
Cigars. b17 E.

§. MEEKING, Proprictor.

‘Orillia House,
ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north o
Toronto; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free ’bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Hall,

PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKI£, Proprietor.

Caledonian Hotel, .

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPS, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk.of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. lyil4

St. Louis Hotel.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size, style and
locality in Quebec, is open throughout the year for
pleasure and business travel. b18

Queen's Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE,

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) having lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free ’bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

The American Hotel,

BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.
f2= Every accommodation for Commercial and
LUMBERMEN.
L14

W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping. place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free ’bus to and from trains and
steamboats. b26

SAWYER, ENGINEER & MILLER

A PRACTICAL MAN to take charge of a Saw Mill,
Shingle Mill, one run Flour Mill, with power suffi-
cient to run alternately, situated on Duck Lake, N. W.
T., 500 mies west Winnipeg. Engagement for a year
and expenses paid. Apply immediately, stating ex-
perience, reference, salary expected, when could leave,
A man accustomed to our machinery preferred,

1n14 WATEROUS, BRANTFORD.

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER. |

Fine brands of Liquors and choice

9

EK. 8. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. 1

J. K. POST & CO.
LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.
SS Be On IN. a

9

JAMES HADDEN,

Shingles aie Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.

Two Planers for sale or exchan

CANOKS!

The undersigned keeps Canoes suitable
for LUMBERMEN, SPORTSMEN and
others constantly on hand. Price List on
application.

WILLIAM ENGLISH

8114 PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

New Files rf. Old Files

b26

ge for a Boiler.

Manufactured RECUT

from the BEST _ | BY HAND, and

_ English Cast | EQUAL TO

Steel and War- | [TT] NEW FOR USE
ranted equal

to the Best Im- | PRICE LIST
ported File. Cp) | On application.

THOS. GRAHAM, Manufacturer,

35 Sherbourne St., Toronto. 6x11

To Lumbermen.
The Subscriber makes to order all kinds of

TENTS,

Hammocks, arpa Waggon
and Horse Covers,

# Also dealer in all kinds of OIL SKIN
Clothing, Nets and Seine Twines.

An is.also Agent for the best makes of AMERICAN
COTTON DUCKS in all widths.

J. LECKIBE,

46 Front Street E., TORONTO.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
lumber Dealers,

6112

FORWARDERS,
ShippingeGeneral Agents
PORT HOPE.
(2) TRUSSES.

== 4) CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
~ oY all attachments improved. No more
iy buckles, all on solid brass casting.
J Bookon rupture and human frame free.
Send address in full post card. Best
true information about rupture and
deformities. CHAS, CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
118} King Street west, Toronto, 12113

Gy

10

AMarket Aeports.

TORONTO.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Toronto, June 9th, 1881.—Since my last
report, common lumber has advanced in price
on this market, although I think it is more
than questionable, if the advance can be sustain-
ed to the end of the season. The production of
common lumber in proportion to clear and
picks increase every year, and the stock of com-
mon lumber to be marketed this season will be
far in advance of any preceeding year, and un-
less prices advance in the American markets a
large quantity of common lumber must either
be held over at the mills or placed on the
Canadian market, so that should my impres-
sions in the latter respect be verified, present
prices will not hold out to the end of the present
year.

Shipments from this port still languish, so
that dock hands and vessel captains are not in
the best of spirits, and considerable ill-temper is
naturally displayed in consequence, but it is the
general impression that the 1st of July will
witness a more rapid movement of lumber, as
by that time it is expected the change of guage
on the lines of road (mentioned in my last
letter) will have been made, and rolling stock
supplied to meet all demands, a matter most
deyoutly to be wished for. 3

Since my last letter building matters have
been making rapid strides, and over one hundred
more buildings have been started in this city
and the adjoining village of Parkdale. This
would seem to indicate a rapid increase of popu-
lation, although this cannot be taken as a proper
guide in that respect, as many people prefer
new houses and fresh localities, and as a conse-
quence, there are a large number of the older

houses tenantless.
Prices at the yards rule as follows :—

Mill cull boards and scantling........+..ssee00- $9 00
Shpping cull boards, promiscous widths. ........ 11 00
10 and 12 in. stocks......... 12 00
Scantling and joist, up HOCUG Ut Meretesel sas te, cieeiclerere $12 00
USland’ 20 8G Ke eer ca es « 13 00
& ae Ww DZ) Ettarshatsle peecaccrvncee 13 50
af se ve DAS timers cnteteseas elelese res 14 00
es ff ae 26 ft...... dodcarnonstoc 15 00
cs a is 743) UnceaoopoarononOodd 16 00
of ae Se G10) ds Pono Doo nde 6.10600 17 00
Sf e v BZ Ttileie'seicnewinseneenss 18 00
iy Kg *f Ct tmp dgodotwinoddanDo 20 00
sé ss Ag Osi anoooodbucoouaons 22 00
ss cs $6 BST ti teeuapele elalsleiaterere tele te 26 00
ac a ae 40 to 44 ft............. 30 00
Cutting up plank and boards.............seeeee 16 00
Sound dressing stocks....... 0. cess ees eoceneres 15 00
Picks Amy Inspection). jf, |- aidele evs volts ese 24 00
Three uppers, Am. inspection........+...+e0008 30 00
XXX sawn shingles, ®M.......... sscscecevece 2 50
JUS ado yoda aQdadudeUusOOse coorosuodrondnapoc 1 60
1}- inch dressed flooring Riaveicielclefviey fate eipicieiel ce(cieiate © 28 00
pO 2k Me SpadonococUcdonOoUuonRSOaG 24 00
lee + sf SSO MTstals eiNtoie'o,clitale elele’s ee ela wines 20 00
g-inch beaded and matched sheathing..........+ 20 00
Dressed clapboarding. ......0.. s.s.ceseeenecess 12 50

Sixteen ft. lengths dressing stocks are scarce
and in demand, Shingles will likely advance
before long; at present prices for lumber
shingles should command at least $2.75 per M
from the yards, and as the demand from the
American market comes in later on, doubtless
shingles will advance above present prices,

_———o>——
CHICAGO,

Cricaco, June Ist, 1881.—The receipts of
lumber at this port during the past week have
aggregated 51,751,000 feet, and of shingles 24,-
062,000. Of these, a fair proportion has been
sold on the market at the Franklin street dock,
though by far the greater bulk has at once pro-
ceeded to the yards, for which it had been pur-
chased before arrival. Taking the season as a
whole, the receipts have not yet reached the
agerezate to the same date last year by 11,299,-
000 feet of lumber and 20,395,000 shingles. For
the week the receipts of lumber have been
larger than for the correspondiug week of 1880
by 2,738,000 feet, the shingle receipts have
fallen short 1,991,000.

Prices during the month of May at the cargo
market were, as our readers know, somewhat
unsettled, owing to the difference of opinion be-
tween buyers and sellers as to the value of
lumber. Tor some time the market showed
signs of weakness under the persistent endeavors
of the bears to pull it down, dropping from $10
on piece stuff at the opening, to $9.50 on the
18th, and as low as $9.25 on the 28rd. The past
week, however, prices have advanced to nearly,
if not fully, the opening quotations. During
the closing days of the month a decided firmness

THE CANADA

the ideas of values do not materially differ, for
of feeling developed, and for the past two or
three days, green piece stuff of ordinary length
has sold up to $9.50 and $9.75, while a fair
admixture of lengths above 16 feet, has readily
commanded $10, and at this writing we may
truthfully speak of the markets as firm and
quiet at these quotations. This, in face of the
fact that the receipts since Sunday have been
larger than for some days, leads to the opinion
that the tendency of the market is to still higher
figures. Sales of one-inch lumber may be
quoted at from $12.50 for ordinary green, to
$14.50 on a better grade, while $16 and $17
have been paid for fair to good mill run. Dry
lumber has brought $1 above these figures, and
is quick at from $16 to as high as $22, according
to richness in picking qualities and condition of
seasoning. Shingles have participated in the
firmness, and standards which have sold as low
as $2.40, are now steady at $2.45@2.55. Extra
A’s, which have sold at $2.45@2.50 now com-
mand $2.55@2.65. Lath have not fluctuated so
much, and we quote from $1.60@1.65 for green
and Norway, to $1.80@1.90 for dry. Selected
pickets have brought $11.75 ; common, $7 and
$3.

The general tone of the cargo market is much
firmer than at any time since the opening of
navigation, and the opinion is expressed by both
bulls and bears that the firmness will continue.

CARGO QUOTATIONS ¢

Joist and scantling, green........e.0eee- $9 50@ 9 75
Mill run, choice green.i...0s000cveeeess 16 50@19 50
Mill run, medium, green............0++. 12 50@16 50
Mill run, commons 8S” Rei ied dial k Rctade st ous 10 50@12 50
Shingles Standard)... isiie/e cinte sbisisieine ot 2 45@2 55
Shingles; extra, Atk tems saidtelstiew'sc'ePealede 2 55@2 65
LUE Bc Horne anc ats ans ASS Sam a5 «+» 1 60@1 80
LAKE FREIGHTS.
MIQHISLEG «in sthrstois ie i ti-\s fe Misipipie jel fale, n.0/e's) nl siafies dipiesain $2 25
INIUBK OP Ol nteisinalspamuceiaher’s tale situa cine )s pints ier 1 75
DUGIN LOM csaty onic sabe olslatattis siete goats anes ah's 2 00
Grand> Haven uisscaastetinaeeenicde s cele totes 1 75
MAGNOMMUINES. (Fis china: seh ss aint pista cites © enon © 2 25
Sturgeon Baytisrtah Fok mec sselasentedenieciste batts 2 25
WIRITO WIGS oi wtrin'e swetstolels}ais.sl sins pyslassiele aly aussie oihisiala 1 874
MOLG RAVEWAe ite miele siclorvoie: stevie vundeAtersiviarnisica Wales 2 124

Receipts and shipments of lumber and shingles
for the week ending May 31 :

Receipts. Shipments.
Lumber. Shingles. Lumber. Shingles.
LBS eens 51,751,000 24,062,000 26,819,000 4,509,000
1880...... 49,013,000 26,053,000 16,279,000 1,034,000
Receipts and shipments of lumber and

shingles from January 1 to and including May

31:
Receipts. Shipments.

Lumber. Shingles. Lumber. Shingles,
1881. .304,729,000 144,327,000 246,901,000 43,301,000
1880..315,028,000 164,722,000 226,512,000 37,061,000

Trade at the yards is of a feverish nature.
Nearly every dealer admits that doing business
on the margin between cargo and price list
figures is not profitable, just now, yet nine out
of ten of them are doing business on even a
smaller margin. It is safe to say that that pro-
portion of the yard men are selling under the
list, and ifa dealer is not willing to say so, his
neighbor is not backward saying it for him,
Some declare that the cut is on undesirable
stock only, others, in plain words, that a reduc-
tion is made in order to hold customers. We
saw a bill of Number 2 fencing sold at $10.25,
that is put down on the “‘ re-affirmed” list at
$11.50, and the buyer assured us he could pur-
chase any quantity at these figures. Dimension
that is billed at $13 we heard offered, and re-
fused, at $11.50.

It is almost impossible, just at this time, to
make a quotation of yard prices that will aceur-
ately represent the market. It is admitted by
nearly everybody that lumber does not bring
the prices named in the “‘ official” list, but the
dealers, as a rule, dislike to say what they really
do get for it. It is claimed by some that the
better qualities of stock, such as finishing lum-
ber, wagon-box and stock boards, sell pretty
nearly up to the quotations, while others main-
tain that the list is shaded from fifty cents to $1
on sales of any magnitude. We quote a range
on dressed and matched flooring that we believe
coyers the market fairly. Occasionally the in-
side prices given may be cut a trifle more, but
when this is done the trade is generally an
exceptional one, *

The cut in prices is, pf course, brought about
by everybody except the man with whom you
are talking. 'Those who are bullishly inclined
say the bears are bound to break the market,
and the bears say the bulls stand ready to un-
derbid them eyery time. Whoever is to blame,

LUMBERMAN,

the bids on a bill of considerable size that went
the rounds did not vary much. We think, how-
ever, there is no question but that in certain
directions there is a firmer feeling than existed
two or three days ago. The firmness of lumber
by cargo affords the best reason for the belief
that it cannot be bought from the yards much
longer at present prices. There is certainly no
money in handling lumber for those who have
to buy it on the market, and unless there is a
speedy decline there, which is something hardly
anyone looks for, we do not see how they can
afford to do it at the figures now ruling. The
Lumberman is therefore inclined to to think
that this market has about touched bottom.—
Northwestern Lumberman.
COMMON BOARDS—ROUGH.

Dry.
Common boards, 12 in........++ Sw 'nln > ois eiale's SetaD $15 50
10 (and ZOE fiecisvs:s Sei pieae bins altace » tmp > eee. 1400
42, SA SAG AUG LS TG. cece os kode se apicnes hebed «tena 13 50
Collsall lengths:4 5772s; asters ss ceers be neeeee 11 50
ApANd Udy COM.. 2. syes105 eres iow avney A ELS 13 50
TIMBER AND DIMENSION—DRY.
Small timber, 18 ft. and under........4..0000005 $11 50
12, 14, 16 and 18 ff. Joist... sescccsscccscpoccnece 13 00
2xd NO grid OOM VieiccaPeedan stata. sce scams 14 00
2h, DSi fbi. | ox brebste oevinalasaileh ooirieika claps om aids 12 50
QD MCEL ic aks as ca sfeldts ab vine adnate je ecnisteiv-etn eine 13 50
QE MCSE, wv Ade See ewido’ eisiele a Ss Meictse: septs ste aes 16 50
24 feek, sia wuls »wimmsle PCr EL COPEL Ae eT oe 16 50
CB feeb. vs ssc cp masdds us > indie omidide wi yn ovo peine's 19 50
SP TORU “his is anes atewles > Na Meeay onitcals Weed e herald 19 50
SO ifaebrsais dais soi qeepl diawss tyuies pidge Oo0/Sere 19 50
2 in. cull plank, all widths... ..... ..s.cceesss.-s 8 00
2x4 culls, all lengths, green............sceese- 8 00
——— EE

ALBANY.

ALBANY, June 7.—Pine Lumber has been in
free receipt, with a good trade during the past
week, mainly to New York and Brooklyn;
from Brooklyn a number of buyers have, within
the last few days, been in the District. A large
sale, but of which we have not any particulars,
is reported to have been made yesterday for
Greenpoint. Prices are held with much firm-
ness on a freely moving market. From the
Saginaw and from Canada, active markets are
reported at very firm prices; indeed at all
manufacturing points the markets are stiff and
buyers are meeting manufacturers at their
prices.

In Hardwoods there is a steady trade at
quotations,

Coarse Lumber is moving as brisk as ever ;
the receipts are coming in free and going out,
on sales ahead, as fast as received; prices are
very firm,

The receipts by canal at Albany from the
opening of navigation to June 1st were :—

Boards and Shingles, M. Timber, Staves,
gy pe cub. ft. lb.
1881.. 20,708,000 48" wees. 459,000
1880.... 49,982,000 |! a eee erro
River freights are :—
To New York, @ M ft....... Sen keothabcae $ 100
To Bridgeport. ....0..ccccseccccetesssoces @1 374
To New Haven. ....cececsescecscevecioncs @1 374
To Providence, Fall River and Newport.... 2 00@2 25
To PAwtnekess oo.0(. cs cone nls once eeeme ete 2 25@2 50
TO Norwalk .uivjccwtovnesacave bios ohabb eke 1 25@1 30
Wo Harerord.... 2. .0cpsnaepenuce Sunesenee @2 00
To Norwich fis 0: ceccsecsccnceeneceun bubs @2 00
To Middletown «s oes.ccvcee vsceccees vse amen @1 75
To New London.......ceceessessececcunce @1 75
To Philadelphia...........scccceeeccntsts @2 00
Quotations at the yards are as follows :—
Pine, clear, @ M.wsse-acecsneuctesvescens $50 00@60 00
Pine, fourths... .0.....sssceeeevesesens - 45 00@55 00
Pine, S@lECtS...... 000s naccacup aes saveenecs 40 00@50 00
Pine, good box..... rete eaels satee cea eeeee 14 00@28 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, achive. ..i, 200k lets oh -00 38@00 42
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, each....... « eee» 00 20@00 22
Pine boards, TOTS a vce ta inlen CR SAR TOS 25 0X@27 00
Pine, 10-in. boatds, culls........0. 6.008 17 00 @18 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., @ M........-- 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16 ft.............5.-- 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 18 ft... .......eeeeee- 26 00@28 00
Pine, 1} in. siding, select..........+5 ++. 38 00@40 00
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common. ... ......++5 15 00@18 00
Pine, 1-in. siding, select........-..+....- 88 00@40 00
Pine, inch siding, common.... ......--++ 15 0)@I18 00
Spruce, boards, each........cesceesseees 00 15@00 15
Spruce, plonk, 1}-in., each. .......+++++-+ 00 19@00 19
Spruce, plank, 2-in., each. .....eeee ee eee 00 28@00 28
Spruce, wall strips, GROLL Geum eeCeET EE 00 11@00 12
Hemlock, boards, each. ...........0e eee 00 13@00 00
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, CRON... oo. cts we cews 00 31@00 3L
Hemlock, joist, 2x4, QRH) os ce wcawencwes 00 18@00 138
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4, each.........- 00 10@00 10
Ash, good, ® M.......se.0- . 38 00@45 00
Ash, second quality, # M 25 00@30 CO
Cherry, good, ®@ M..... 60 00@70 00
Cherry, common, @ M 25 00@35 00
Oak, good, ® M........ 38 00@43 00
Oak, second quality, R 20 00@25 00
Bassw OOd, BM. ..ceeeeee 25 00@28 00
Hickory, .%) ES 36 00@40 00
Maple, “Canada, TRS gui s acini cuteness Sales 26 00@30 00
GCHGSENUES PIM... sictbe cs desc s cnielswiu nests 35 00@40 00
Shingles, ‘shaved, pine, @M..... --++..-- 6 00@00 00
“ 2nd quality a oes Anos 4 50@00 00
Ly extra, sawed, PINE. oveeccccceee 4 20@04 25
Ss clear, ree ace GOR 8 25@00 00
ws Cedar, MIRE. 6. ewes cee 3 00
« cedar; XXX. .aceceenee cevencs, .S) 10000,00
Os GMI OOK as 6 cess: «irae vinwe.« Ree + 2 25@00 00
Lath, hemlock, ®@ M...cesecseeeeecesees « 1 50@00 00
Lath, spruce, “ sseee Cav veease be seeee 1 75@00 00
Lath, pine, Se osevuse ud 09 Men bene 2 00@OO 00

‘

NEW YORK,

Our wholesale market has fallen into a sort
rut from which it is difficult to draw many ne
features of interest from week to week. Busi-
ness continues good all around, supplies
generally selling close to the offering, especi
for near-by delivery, and prices are well mai
tained for all attractive goods and assortmen
In fact, it is a good, healthy and cheerful mar-
ket, with no reason to expect the favorable
elements will vanish for some time to come.
Consumption is unabated, indeed for building,
stock tends toward an increase. Dealers are «
the look out for additions to assortment and
interest of exporters is retained to a very f
extent, though on some grades the foreign de
mand has been diverted to parcels at prix
points. Choice well-seasoned stuff of
is becoming somewhat scarce, and
have anything of the kind in stock talk
firmer.

Spruce still appears to be under very good
control and sellers’ views comparatively ex
treme, especially on full sizes, of which
is a very small amount within reach. ° Logs are
more plenty at the mills, but a goodly number
of orders have been awaiting them and the ad-
ditional product will not, disturb the condition
of the market. Agents have been unwilling tc
quote randoms positively in the absence of busi-
ness of a fairly testing character, but on a gen-
eral range to cover all grades about $14.00@16,
may be named, while on specials the line may be
extended up to $17.00, to cover all sizes and de-
liveries, but no higher than the latter figure is
now mentioned.

Piling is plenty and dull with values fluctuat-
ing slightly, though about 4c. per foot seem to
be the average rate. Exactly what has possessed
producers to send forward the stock they have
this spring it is difficult to determine, as some
of the winter accumulation still remains unsold
and is difficult to work out.

. White Pine does not appear # have changed
in any important particular since our last. The
demand from home sources continues good and
general, all regular descriptions and sizes being
wanted, and the orders coming from pretty
much every source ordinarily represented.
Larger quantities and better assortments are
becoming available, but the limit of valuation
is full and deficiencies here cannot be replaced
at any reduction on cost. Exporters move with
some showing of caution, but are pretty good
customers still with dealers who cater to the
foreign outlet, confident that their business will
hold good. We quote $17@19 per M for West
India shipping boards; $24.50@26 for South
American do.; $16@16.50 for box board ; $17@
17.50 for d ide and sound do.

Yellow Pine continues to be reported in the —
same strong and cheerful manner by pretty
much the entire trade, but shows no positively
new features. Supplies immediately available
are small and poorly assorted, the principal
mills have orders to keep them busy for many
weeks to come, even on an uninterrupted run of
saws, and new orders and specifications are
daily coming to hand. Agenits are also figuring
on a pretty good run of orders for shipment
direct from the South. Prices strong and in-
clined to an advance if anything. We quote
random cargoes at about $24@26 per M.; order-
ed cargoes, $26@28 do.; green flooring boards,
$24.50@26.50 do.; and dry do. do., $27.00@29.
Cargoes at the South, $15.00@19.00 per M. for
rough, and $20.00@24.00 for dressed.

Hardwoods continue quite generally in sellers
favor, the good control of the desirable stock at
primary points and the apparent wants of job-
bers and consumers inspires much confidence
among holders. No further positive additions
to value, however, have of late been noted and
indeed at the prices asked some buyers are re-
fusing to operate as “there is no money in it.”
We quote at wholesale rates by carload alout
as follows : Ash, $35@38 per M.; oak, S10@45
do.; maple, $30@35 do.; chestnut, Ist and 2nd,
$30@35 do.; do. culls, SIS@20 do.; cherry, $50
@55 do.; white wood, $ and 8 inch, $25@27.50,.
and do. inch, $838@35. aio.

Shingles have been selling to about the ordi-
nary extent and without change in tone or
prices. We quote: Pine shipping stocks, $4 for _
18-inch, and Eastern saw grades at $2.50 @4.50) —
for 16-inch, as to quality and to quantity, |

here

<- —

‘eif

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

Machine dressed cedar shingles quoted as fol-

lows: For 30-inch, $16@22.25 for A and $28.75

@33.25 for No. 1; for 24-inch, $6.50@16 for A

and $16.75@23 for No. 1; for 20-inch, $5@10,.50
for A and $11.25@11.75 for No. 1.

At the yards business is good and general and
dealers appear to be having a first-rate season as
arule. Some complain of competition compell-
ing them to sell on a very narrow margin,—

Real Estate Record.
—_—_—_—__@_—___

TONAWANDA.

_ Tonawanpa, N.Y., May 30.—Receipts by
ake continue to come in very generously and
acceptably, giving the yards here an oppor-
“tunity to stock up with stuff that is much need-

have been on the books three and four weeks.
The amount of lumber received at this point
during the past week will foot up about 16,500, -
000 feet ; one consignment of shingles, 1,600,000.
‘The ruling figure from Michigan points has been
$3 per thousand on lumber. Dealers here are
chafing somewhat under this steady high rate,
and some of the prominent ones are yet holding
off, as that price is too:much of a discrimination
against their interests as compared with through
‘rates by rail. Canal freights to Albany*have
dropped a trifle since last report, and are quoted
to-day at $2.50 to Albany, and $3.25 to New
York. Boats are commg in freely, and there is
in active demand for the season. Sales are re-
ported as being good, with no change in prices.
We hear of an order for 250,000 feet dressed for
New England parties ; 350,000 feet of box for
an eastern firm at $12.50; 1,000,000 shingles at
$3.65 here ; 600,000 shingles, clear butts, $2.75 ;
and other equally favorable transactions. With
the present condition of the trade there can be

little or no change in prices. We quote as

follows :—

r CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION.

Three uppers........+.. erode cic Tae $38 00@43 00

SPBSALONY «lath 0's nase « ceeletorssieisie, eeaicarctens 17 50@20 00
oars: 305 CMAs ape pasecedtecesaas 11 50@12 50

We quote railroad freights as follows :—
‘Tonawanda to Boston or New England points, per

BOT aisles Bajar ae “eer Onno MWA eel aiefla oie © 0's « $
New York and Hudson river points..----........
Wersey City, Newark, etc............0.0ccs.008 .. 3 00
Philadelphia, Baltimore, Wilmington, etc ....... d

es
BOSTON.
_ The Journal of Commerce of June the 4th
Rays :—
The general appearance of the market is about
the same as last week, and dealers report the
demand as very good. Prices are firm, and will
probably remain for some time as now quoted,
unless hardwoods advance in sympathy with
the western markets. Reports from the west
how seasoned hardwoods to be very scarce, and
in some cases the supply is so low as to be hardly
to the demand. As a consequence, white-
woods have advanced $2@$5, and ash $2.50@
$7. Oak has also advanced, both in timber and
ing. The eastern markets, as yet, remain
ichanged, and this upward turn at the west
probably subside as soon as shipments from
nary points begin to come in and stocks are
plenished. Below are carload quotations.
CANADA PINE, i

RP Dressed Sae,ce0-eo00. sis... $48 00@50 00
wing, Dressed, Ists........ -+es+e0. 40 00@42 00
do do AMAR el oats nisi oio'cl sia, « 33 00@35 00
Shipperstescab tes Wiss). Vases. 27 00@29 00
i Box... idee aE hae sv edsldlas ne 18 00@20 00
MID, USE QUALIEY.s 0000 ceceiscicviesess 42 00@45 00
ig 2nd “ vevece See gat na 6 34 00@35 00
—_- > —_————_ .

OSWEGO, N.Y.
Quotations are as follows :—

Three uppers...... Sretaa Sree iraioie wiiiala's/oi2 $42 00@45 00
32 00@35 00

. 20 00@25 00

14 00@16 00

12 00(@14 00

17 00@22 00

.+ 32 00@34 00

. 30 00@38 00

ail run, 1x10, 13 to 16ft..............-. 17 00@21 00
OSs re trereeeers. 20 00@25 00
IE oo iain s.os ericr o asiana'ss o's 15 00@16 00
Mill run, 1 and 1} inch strips............ 16 00@20 00
Ele dc oc owee ore ob x si0ihe 22 00@30 00
DED sss oP Sapo searssoscess ety of Ag» +--.. 12 00@14 00
1x6 selected for clapboards........ ddes-e 2A 00035 00
angles, XXX, 18 inch, pine............ 3 75@ 4 00
XXX, 18 inch, cedar.............-. 3 00@ 3 15
MEvesesersicce se Bee iia clos sia ov o's 1 40@ 1 60

‘ou suffer from any chronic disease arising from
2 Blood. Sluggish Liver, disordered Kidneys or
ity of the Vowels; if your Nervous System is
ed from whatever cause arising, do not des-
it will only cost 10 cents, Large Bottles £1.00.

only cos cents, Large Bottles 1,00,
all medicine dealers.

ed to enable them to fill orders, some of which }:

FREIGHTS,

Oswnco.—Canal freights on lumber are $1.60
to Albany and $2.25 per M up to New York.

Burraro, N.Y.—Canal freights dull and rates
unchanged. Quoted as follows :—Pine lumber
at $2.25 per M feet to New York, Staves to
New York $1.30 per ton over'tolls.

East Saginaw, Mich.—Lumber—F eights to
Ohio ports steady, at $2.50 to $2.75, outside
figure being Toledo rates. Buffalo and Tona-
wanda, $3 to $3.25, outside figure being the rate
to Tonawanda.

Bay Crry, Mich.—Lumber to Toledo $2.50,
Tonawanda $3, Cleveland $3,

, Toronto.—Lumber is still taken at $1, 25.

THE SLIDES.
The following is a statement of the timber
which has passed the Chaudiere Slides during
the week ending 3rd June :—

Cribs. Pieces,

Maye 28nd oi, Es LOCK ere aieiiie)» otal aislaie 74 1,910
Ode £0 Ay & Pa WIE. esc voce 206 5,327
Cape MYOMININIOCO Ys odonuuodT Gonos 112 3,095
(06th «Wim, Mackay... seteccicn ewes « 85 2,336
CES ON Te ROD bs GY AM ts \ea'e bi xlr'a) stores) otalere 56 1,574
98th James Findlay............6¢ 12 653
Junerst Wan Crott:. a... 2.2... 35 886
CO Ee OMT HAVOC Vine: 5/5, cissigteisisie 34 990
May 28th James B. Dickson.......... 102 2,570

Heat in the Boiler Room.

H. G. Baker in the Lumber World says :—
Excessive heat in your boiler room, while indi-
cating a waste of fuel, or, in other words, a loss
of power, is by no means beneficial to your en-
gineer or firemen, and it presence causes them,
perhaps unwittingly, to become careless in the
performance of their duties, this carelessness
resulting more to your detriment than theirs.
A man overheated is not capable of exerting his
best energies in the performance of any labor,
physical or mental, and when your fireman or
engineer begin to get careless, they, as everyone
else, get more and more so, particularly if the
conditions under which they labor are not
changed. Ventilation in the boiler room is per-
missible if due precautions are taken to prevent
radiation from your boiler and steam pipes. If
these are properly protected, comparatively
little heat will pass from them into the room,
and ventilation, so long as strong currents or
draft of air are not created, will not be hurtful.
If your boiler or connections are not properly
protected, don’t ventilate, but shut your room
up as closely and tight as possible, and keep it
so. Put a man inside and keep him there to at-
tend to the engine and fire, and when he is
sufficiently baked, take him out and substitute
another, It wont be quite as cheap as it would
to protect your steam surfaces,but you can do it.

Growth of Timber.

As the result of observation, and from the
testimony of reliable men, the following is about
the average growth in twelve years of the lead-
ing desirable varieties of timber, when planted
in belts or groves and cultivated : White maple,
one foot in diameter and 30 feet high ; ash, leaf
maple or box elder, one foot in diameter and 20
feet high ; white willow, one and a half feet in
diameter and 50 feet high; yellow willow, one
anda half feet in diameter and 35 feet high ;

Lombardy poplar, 10 inches in diameter and 40°

feet high; blue and white ash, 10 inches in
diameter and 25 feet high; black walnut and
butternut, 10 inches in diameter and 20 feet
high.

Manitoba.

Prittie’s sixth party with sleeping cars at-
tached, will leave on 29th June, per G.T.R. at
11.45 a.m., and continue every other week dur-
ing the season, preceded two days before by
their fastfreight train. 30,000 acres of choice
land for sale. Letters enclose 8c. stamp for
reply. R. W. Prirrin & Co., 64 King Street
East, Toronto. 116

With the Approach of Spring, Biliary Com-
plaints prevail that often lead to serious results, Guard
against their attack in time by using Burdock Blood
Bitters : the best Liver Invigorator, Kidney Corrector,
Regulator of the Bowels and Secretions, and the purest,
most permanent Tonic in the world. For sale by all

ealers.

Flexible Board Rules,
With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, 116

1]

Wrought

The Best A

Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

rticle ever.o ffered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and Jining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting

parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work.

The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows:

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 2).

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each 16

x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated.

3elow will be found Testimonials

from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

The Best Stove I have ever Used.

ADAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough.

PETERBOROUGH, May 31, 1880.

Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lusaber-

ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove | have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,

Apim HALL, Esq., Peterborough.

PETEREOROUGH, June ist, 1880.

My ‘Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find

it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives, We can recommend it highly.

- Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.

PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880.

A. Hat, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-

stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect.

highly to any one who is in the lumber business.

I can recommend them

Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

HOW SPOOLS ARE MADE.

The town of Drummondsville, Canada, on the
St. Francis river, had the good fortune some
years ago to be selected as the site of several
factories for the manufacture of spools, the prin-
cipal reason for the selection being the abun-
dance of white birch in the immediate vicinity.
This wood, though inferior for many purposes,
is just the thing for spools, and the following
account of the process of manufacturing these
useful articles may be of interest. :

The wood, after being delivered to the fae-
tories is first sawn into pieces about 4 feet long
and from 1 to 14 inches square, according to the
spool it is desired to make. These pieces are
put into a dry-house and thoroughly dried, from
whence they are taken into the factory and
given to the rougher, who, in an incredibly
short space of time, bores a hole in the centre
a couple of inches deep, turns about the same
space round, and then cuts off the length re-
quired for a spool. The machines used for this
purpose are revolving plainers, in the centre of
which is a revolving gimlet or bit, and imme-
diately to the right a.small circular saw with a
gauge set to the proper size for the spools. The
rougers receive 1} cents per gross for their work,
and experienced men turn out from 100 to 130

‘gross per day. The round blocks pass from

them to the finishers, who place them in
machines which give them the shape of spools,
and make them quite smooth. The spools are
thrown loosely into a large cylinder, which re-
volves slowly, so that the spools are polished by
the constant rubbing upon each other for some
time. On being taken out of the cylinder, they
are placed in a hopper with an opening at the
bottom, through which they pass down a slide
for inspection. Here the inspector sits and
watches closely to see that no imperfect spools
are allowed to pass, and a very small knot or
scratch is sufficient to condem theni. They are
packed in large boxes, made the proper size, and
no additional packing is needed. The packers
receive one-fourth of a cent per gross for pack-
ing, and a smart boy who is accustomed to the
work can pack about 200 gross per day. One
proprietor ships over two million spools per

month to England, and another firm ships over
one million spools to Glasgow, Scotland.

Mean Velocity in Open Water Ceurseés.
The discharge of open water courses may be

found experimentally by observing the velocity
of the current, and measuring the cross-sectional
area of the stream. But to do this correctly,
we require the mean velocity throughout the
section, which cannot be obtained by observa-
tion. The velocity varies, being a maximum at
the surface, and where the channel is deepest,
which is usually near the centre of the width,
diminishing from thence to the banks on either
side and to the bottom, where it is a minimum.
The best experiments we have, give the mean
velocity throughout the section at $4 per cent-
of the maximum central surface velocity, which
is usually the velocity observed, being easily
obtained by a float on the surface of the stream.
Thus, if a channel has, by observation, a central
surface velocity of 35 feet per minute the mean
velocity will be 29.4 feet.

A Creditable Organ.

The Lumber and Timber industries of
Canada, probably the most important in the
country, have at last, we are pleased to notice,
secured an influential and highly creditable
organ in THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, published
by Messrs. Toker & Co., at Peterborough. The
LUMBERMAN was founded in Toronto last year
by Mr. Alex. Begg, and came into the hands of
the present publishers only a month ago. It
appears in an entirely new dress, and will in
future be published semi-monthly, at $2.00 per
annum. It has a vast field and important
work before it, and under its present able
management we hope to see it live and flourish.
It certainly deserves the support of every one
interested in the lumber trade, to which it
cannot fail to be of immense benetit.—Worth

Hastings Review.
SS

Hagyard's Yellow Qil is a perfect panacea curing
by external and internal use all inflammation, pain
and soreness; Rheumatism, Stiff Joints, Deafness,
Colds, Kidney complaints, Burns, Frost Bites, and
Flesh Wounds of every variety. For sale by ail
dealers,

12 THE CANADA

DOMINION BELT and HOSE GOMPANY

JAMES D. McARTHUR - - - Manager.

Pure Oak Tanned Leather Belting!
FIRE ENGINE HOSE, LACE, LEATHER,
OAK TANNED SOLE LEATHER, ETC., ETC.

STITCHED AND RIBBED BELTING MADE TO ORDER.
ses-Double Always in Stock. Send for Samples and Prices<@a

42 FRONT STREET BAST, TORONTO.

b16

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and§gSPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Orzans over all the English
and American makers. This along with the unlimited awards, prove that

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD!

g

TSPeT PIOH puy

6L81 “XH [eMjsnpul’ “ues1io 10,1eg 10} tepeyr A[TUO
SL8I “XH [eloUlAOIg ‘UeSIO IO[IVg 10} Tepe AITO

Ho: B=

.Provincial Exhibition, 1871
.Centennial Exhibition, 1876

International Medal & Diploma, Sydney, Aus. 1877

WH RACHIV HD

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BB 4
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The Bell Organ Manufac 8 the La S e British Empire, and the fact that
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market. T=" We guarantee all our
Organs for five years. Correspondence invited, lllustrated Catalogue mailed free.

VV 2) ES BS es Ba BS QO.

41 to 47 East Market Square, GUELPH, ONT.

National Manufacturing’Company

b16

SE i va :

es =

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,

b27 202 Sparks Street,;Ottawa

LUMBERMAN.

nar

MONA IRON WORK

FLA MILTON, Va.

J. H. KILLEY & C9

Manufacturers of Economical, Variable, Cut-off, High Pressure, and

Conden sing Hnegines

Patent Circulating and Self-Cleansing Boilers, Improved Feed Water Heaters and
Patent Steam Blast Apparatus for Improving Draft and Economizing Fuel,

First-class Grist & Saw Mill Engines and Machinery
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS and STONE BREAKERS.

OAK HALI

Nos. 115, 117, 119, 121, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.

We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from. |

We wateh the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds. 4
We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business |

on very SMALL PROFITS. ;
NOTE THE PRICES. ha

We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........$6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 150
We give a Good Overalls for .......-...... 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothi
House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lytl3_

BRYCE BROTHERS

~ v

6112

heen

— 4

Lumber from BRYCE BROS. to Build the Canada Pacifie Railway
— ac)
2 § :
a ee mE om
Ss = =
a 20 s F-
ES a 2) | fs ss = n
galt AN SF a Fy
s SAN = —— = 5
¥ == ae .

BLAKE—‘It looks like good, clear stuff. It strikes me it is a

the only clear thing in the whole business.”

LUMBER MERCHANTS. wx

cut

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

9
J

M. Covel’s Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

(iM! is al

CIRCULAR: SAW
STEAM FEED!

I would = eall special attention to my

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam
Feed, having put in several which are givin the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wo. HAMILTON, F'sq@., Peterborough.

DEAR StR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
Way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
10 be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
Jonging toit.. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. Jong in one minute.
It can do much smoother and better work than tbe pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reyerses tbe carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more

MILL sabia =

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Mac y, for all
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Do e Circulars
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
ing logs inlo Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a firet
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, smal] H igGum-
mers for use in the woods, for “ross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for! Fire Protecti in Mi ls, &e,

Horizontal Eng ines and yale

Jumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along

than I would have cut had I not put itin.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst

Toronto, August 11th, 1880.
Wm. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.

DEAR SIR—The Steam Feed you putin is working splen- ~
didly. Yours, &c.,

with uniformity of speed, such as is required in G rist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories or large
Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish

on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power

per hour, L10

THOMP=ON, SMITH & SON.

WILLIAM |

T = HEADQUARTERS FOR

SS LUNBERMEN'S SUPPLIES
SHANTY STOVES,

G. B. MEADOWS,

MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN

| katate eis, s Supplies,

Hotel and General House Furnishing Goods, Cooking Ranges and Stoves.

Shingle Bands, Tinware & Household Furnishings HOT AIR FURNACES. &c

In Large or Small Quantities, at Wholesale Rates. 610

OTTON & BRO., Dunlop St., BARRIE, ONT.

SS [SE

aay IE |;
ANGE

=

Se ®

The QUEEN'S HOTEL, TORONTO, CANADA)

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.
i TP Potxonized by Royalty and the bestfamilies, Prices graduated according to rooms, bl7

45 1.50 PaR. ANNUM

Se

Wholesale Dealer in Tinware, Sheet, Copper & Brass Goods, Coal Oil and Lamp Goods.
sa@s°-CONTRACTOR FOR BUILDERS’ JOB WORK,

DUNLOP STREET, Cor. Railway Square, BARRIE, ON I.

MONTHLY
oe: 15c -PaR NumsaR

FOR ~- SALE + BY «ALL + BOOKSELLERS

AND: RIED? -EREE> ONESIES OF PRICE BY: THE PUBE ISHER®™)g

WV. WwW A R wektsc iw
TORONTO, ONT.

¥

TORONTO ENE LO.

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

FLA MTTITON, CANADA.

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES Tr. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL J. BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED DETROIT

EMERY *CORUNDUM WHEELS

WIRE. STRENGTHENED! stl fr SHUT CUMMING

Newnes Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in the composition of these Wheels, they
are NOT LIABLE TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while they surpass all other Wheels for Free

Cutting and Durability. = «

THESE WHEELS ARE

ry

We refer to the following well-known Saw Manufacturers for opinions as to the quality of our Wheels :—Shirely & Dietrich, Galt ;, ae nit & Co., St. Catha;
rincs ; James Robertson, Montreal; James ‘Robertson & Co., Toronto. We refer also to William Hamilton, Peterborough, Manufacturer of Covell Saw Sharpeners-

and to H. B. Rathbun & Son, Deseronto, Lumber Merchants, lyLl6é

F. H. DIXON & CO.SUN CLOC

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

if LEATHER BELTING

Trish Canadian Office.

Toronto, Feb. 21st, 1881. First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .............. Ottawa, 1875
Mr. I. Crumrron, oS, First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ........... Hamilton, 1876
Dear Sir,—The watch I purchas- \\ First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ............:- London, 1877
ed from you some time ago, has = da ' : ai? = = el
given perfect satisfaction, and I First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ............ -Toronto, 1879
am much pleased with it, and can First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ..............Toronto, 1880

cordially recommend any person
in need of a wateh or anything in
the jewelry line, to deal at your é
store. Yours very truly, Bre ‘ ; ~ ; Series isc: 5

PATRICK BOYLE, La) None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.
*

International Medal, Centennial Ex....... Philadelphia, 1876

Proprietor Irish Canadian

aa eis b16
ee

|

Send for our new price list of YA) ]

Watches, Diamonds, Silverware, 4 ty I ito
Jewellery, &c., sent post .prepaid O Or] ) e ree O

: on application. Goods sent C. O. ?

Al D. to any part of Canada. We have

dozens of. testimonials similar to

the above, plainly show-

ing that83 King St. East

piso Me American Hotel, Corner Young & Front Sts.,

F. CRUMPTON,

a | TORONTO, One

IF YOU WANT A GOOD RELIABLE

WATCH

At a REASONABLE PRICE, call at |

DAVIS BROS.

Newly and elegantly furnished throughout. Contains one hundred rooms, and under it the new $
management is first-class in all its appointments, at moderate rates. 730 Young Street, Toronto.
Free omnibuses to and from all trains.

WM. MACKIE, of St. Lawrence Hall, Port Hope, and W. R, BINGHAM, a
of Bradford, Ontario, Proprietors v2 | N.B.—Repairing Promply Attended to.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 15

LUMBERMENS STATIONERY.

We will supply anything in the line et BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber
phaaaies and Offices at City prices.

Shanty Settlements Office Letterheads
Shanty Orders Office Noteheads

Shanty Receipts Office Envelopes

Shanty Time Books : Office Cards

Shanty Log Books Office Notes

Shanty Reports Office Drafts

Shanty Ledgers | Office Orders

Shanty Cash Books Office Receipts

Shanty Way Bills Office Blank Books

Drive Books Office Ship Account Books

And everything necessary to a complete office outfit.
All Printing done in the “ives! Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices,
Book-Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner,
Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

TOKER & CO,

“THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”
| PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

AMES ROBERTSON &

TORONTO, ONTARIO,

MANUFACTURERS OF EVERY VARIETY OF

Circular, Mill and Gang Saws

INSERTED TOOTH SAWS _— >

¥ les | == JAS N25 Fe iC Aerie |. —— = 3 i
Gy ie on i = alll in ay usr ai
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SAWS REPAITRSE
EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SHIN D BOR Sate 6113

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one ortwo ~~
wheels a year, costing $3 to $1 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels Was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes In stock.
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round,
or beveled. Probably seven-eigtbs of all in use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are;

12x} )
10x} ) 12x§
4 Ss
Ort Mas: ipa dies 12xi | ‘Holes,
ea (hemes hole. 10x} i in. hole. 12x8 { 7, g and 1inch.
Oxy 10x8 12x} |
12x J

Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12xj are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won't touch it.
The answer is that, you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (afler going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale,

A QUEBSTIOW Of |. Qe A bates

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us toa decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use
‘©Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the Money saved On wages. As we cannot get every one
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can
qualities o maich any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us Know what it is, and we can send you a Zunife Wheel of similar quality. Our
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows: 7

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “ Class
it cuts fastand keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the ‘‘ Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM-—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as ‘‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiner in grain and softer titan either of the above. Asa Saw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono”
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Illustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.

The Tanite Co. Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

- CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED. |

Remi. Pn
an

PUBLISHED}
SEMI-MONTHLY. f

Rea
Fi

§ SUBSCRIPTION
( $2.00 PER ANNUM.

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

VOL. 1.
¥ =

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., JULY 1, 1881.

NO. 17%.

_ Messrs. Grimour & Co. have settled with
' the Insurance Co., and set a gang of men at
work rebuilding the mill. They have purchased
alarge lot of square timber from Mr. Buck to
_ be used in the construction. They have placed
a couple of gang saws and slab saws in the cedar
mill, which is running night and day, turning
" out over eighty thousand feet in 24 hours.

GREAT preparations are being made at Ros-
seau to accommodate summer tourists. The
' Rosseau House is being repainted in first-class
style. The proprietor of the Montreal House is
making an addition to his house which will
accommodate 150 guests. The work on the
latter is being done under the supervision of
Mr. M. Curtin, (formerly of Peterborough,)
Mr. R. S. Macey, of Barrie, being the con-
tractor, and Messrs. Kennedy and McVittie of
the same place the architects. It is expected to
be ready for the reception of guests by the Ist of
July.

Sometime since the use of sawdust in mortar
was recommended as superior even to hair for
the prevention of cracking and falling off under

_the action of storms and frosts. A gentleman
whose house is on the seashore, and necessarily
exposed to long storms, says that mortar
mixed with sawdust is the most durable he has
ever used. The sawdust was first thoroughly
dried and sifted through an ordinary grain sieve,
to remove the larger particles. The mortar was

_tade-by mixing one part of cement, two of

lime and two of sawdust with five of sand, the

_ sawdust being first well mixed with the cement
and sand.

A cvuRIovs and interesting explanation of the
absence of trees on the great western prairies
was given at the meeting of the Academy of

"National Sciences by Mr. Thomas Meeham.
Numberless theories have been advanced by the
students in natural history why the great feed-
ing grounds of the buffalo should be without
such vegetation, the principle on which is sup-
ported by distinguished authors being that of
climatic influences. Mr. Meeham’s theory is
that the absence of trees is due to artificial
causes altogether. Taught by their necessities,
the early Indians made it a practice annually to
fire the high grass of the prairies, which had the
effect of making the growth more luxuriant and
consequently more inviting to the vast herds of
buffalo, on which the aborigines depended
chiefly for sustenance. It has been conclusively
settled that no vegetation, save the hardy
prairie grass, will appear on ground over which
fire has swept, until another season, so that the

early prairie fires extended the area of the
until they became almost measureless,

. Mecham cited several instances where trees

e grown when the firing has been discon-

Ir we may judge by our American exchanges,
Lumbermen’s Associations would seem to be
the order of the day in all the lumbering dis-
tricts on the other side of the line, and that
every important district either has or soon will
have its association. The object of these asso-
ciations, is, of course, to secure the harmonious
action of those operating in particular districts
and on particulaar streams on matters common
to them all. If they prove beneficial to the
trade in the neighboring states, there would
seem to be no reason why they should not prove
equally beneficial to and-worthy of the consider-
ation of those engaged in the trade in Canada.

THE Northwester Lumberman gives an instance
which brings into prominence the advantage of
handling dry rather than grcen material. It
gives as an instance of how one dealer made
money while another lost, the following :—
“Dry lath at Chicago prices, $3.25; with freight
-added, cost in a certain place $6.50 per
thousand. They were sold at $6.60, leaving a
margin to the man who bought at regular prices
of only ten cents per thousand. The new com-
petitor was not Satisfied with this state of
things, so he cast about for a more pleasant
market to buy in and found it in Oshkosh. It
is well known that, according to Chicago ideas
of weights, dry lath weigh 500 pounds to the
thousand pieces, and it was on this basis that
the cost reached $6.50 in our western village.
In Oshkosh, however, our close buyer found
those who sold him the lath at $1.50, and guar-
anteed the weight to be only 400 pounds, which
resulted to him in the neat little profit of $1.50
per thousand.” Evidently the less water the
manufacturer ships out of his yard the better
for all concerned, unless it be for the railway
companies who loose“freight upon its transport.

AN Austrian inventor has lately brought out
a new kind of wire belting, which is said to
work very satisfactorily. The wire is wound on
spindles, the diameter of which is as small as

form of a long spiral spring. The main point to
be observed in using these wire coils is to give
them dimensions proportioned to the power to
be transmitted, so that while flexible; they do
not suffer undue elongation when in use.
Practical trials have proved that the proper pro-
portion between tenacity and elasticity of these
| coiled wire strings is obtained when the spindle,
around which it Kas been wound, has a diameter
equal to that of the wire. The two ends of a
string or coil are hooked together, and each coil
(the number varying according to the power
transmitted) is laid in a groove on the pulleys.
This method of transmission is reported to be
_oheap and effective. Another method of using
wire for transmitting power has lately been
datented by a man in Hartford, Conn, He

practicable, and is obtained, therefore, in the.

makes a belt by weaving wire and cotton to-
gether to form a web, the warp being of wire
and the weft of cotton. A double fabric is
made, between which, or inside which, a num-
ber of single heavier wires are inclosed to take
the tensile strain of the belt.

AT a meeting of the Chicago lumber dealers,
held on the 11th June, it was decided by a vote
of 24 ayes to 17 nays, to adhere to the existing
price list until their next regular meeting to be
held on the 27th June. The minority were in
favor of an immediate advance, but the feeling
of the majority seemed to be that before the
list price was advanced they should cease cut-
ting below it, as most of them had been doing,
and it was stated that a strict adherence toe the
quotations of the existing list would be a bona
fide advance of from fifty cents to a dollar per
thousand all round. One thing is quite clear,
that all attempts to break the Chicago market
this spring have proved ineffectual, and that
those who have attempted to do so by cutting
prices are the only sufferers. The mill men are
too strongly entrenched just now to be compell-
ed to sell at any price the dealers choose to
name, and as a consequence the latter have had
to come to the terms of the former instead of
the former to those of the latter. In fact the
present state of stocks is all in favour of holding
rather than of pushing sales owing to its want-
ing seasoning.

BUSINESS in the vicinity of Epping, N.H.,
according to a correspondent who writes from
that point, continues remarkably good. The
mills are in active operation, and are turning
out large quanties of lumber. The supply of
stock of last year’s manufacture is entirely gone,
and the mill men are shipping green and partly
dry lumber to market to meet the demand,
which is unusual for them to do. Prices are
well sustained, and there is no immediate pros-
pect of an unfavorable change in them. Hem-
lock for frames is scarce, and the Maine and
northern New Hampshire mills are full of order
for both hemlock and spruce timber. Large
quantities of yellow pine timber is used in that
and other parts of New England, especially for
bridges and large buildings, to which purposes
it is especially adapted.

IN repairing old boilers ‘the mistake is often
made of using for the patch thicker metal than
that of which the boiler is made. A moment’s
reflection ought to show the absurdity of putting
a five-sixteenths or three-eighths patch on an
old one-quarter inch boiler shell ; yet it is not so
rare an occurrence as one would imagine. A
piece of new iron three-sixteenths of an inch
thick, will, in most cases, be found stronger
than a portion of a one-quarter inch old plate
needing repairs.

HOW THINGS LOOK OUT WEST.

One of the attaches of the Real Estate Record
has just returned from a flying visit to the
West. In view of the interest which attaches
to the crop question, a statement of what he
saw and heard may be of some value to those
who have interests in the stock and grain mar-

kets. Winter wheat is undoubtedly very seri-
ously damaged in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,
Michigan and probably further West. At the

best it cannot be more than a two-thirds crop.
There is time enough for it to turn ont some-
what better than the present promise, but
heavy western grain men fear the worst and are
bulls on the price of winter wheat.

The spring wheat crop, so far, looks fairly
well. It promises an average yield, and the
weather lately has been highly fayorable. The
return per acre will be about equal to last year.
Still, it is too early to speak with any certainty
about spring wheat. In view of the exceptional
weather we are having all this year, the worst
is to be feared.

The corn crop has been delayed in its plant-
ing several weeks and in many cases had to be
replanted. The acreage will be large, but if we
have a cool, wet summer, the crop will fall far
behind that of last year.

All through the West it was noticeable that
business activity was very great. There is a
building mania under way, and in every city
and town the number of new buildings is some-
thing extraordinary. All the railways seem to
have as much traffic as they can handle. There
was, however, cutting of rates on east bound
passenger fares and freight. At any of the
hotels, tickets from Chicago to New York could
be bought for $15. There is a great deal of
stock operating in the New York market on the
part of operators in the Western cities. Just
at present the Western operators are bulls on
grain and bears on railway stocks. A great part
of the immense short interest in Wall street is
on Western orders. It is Europe and the East
that are buying, the West is selling stocks.

Money is very abundant all through the
West. At Rockford, Llinois, where only five
years since money loaned at 8 and 10 per cent.,
now the banks find great difficulty in getting 6.
At Newark, Ohio, farmers were reluctant to
pay more than 5 per cent. for mortgages. In
fact, there was a plethora of money everywhere.
There was an expectation of an advance in
prices, labor was increasing its demands, and
hence all materials involving labor, are regard-
ed cheap at present figures. The expectation
was that the coming fall months would show a
boom in merchandise and other commodities,
including land and grain.—Wew York Real
Estate Record.

Yellow Oil is par excellence the remedy for Pain,
Lameness, Rheumatism, Croup, Deafness, Burns, Frost
Bites, Stiff Joints, and all flesh wounds. Any medicine
dealer can furhish it. .

2 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

SOME BIG CUTS.

The Mississippi Valley Lumbe vat
The daily cut of the mills at Wat 8
follows according to the Central :— ;

J. & A. Stewart & Co’s mill, day and nig

whole had to be scattered pretty well over the
surface of the cribs to permit going under the
bridge, which is a low shaky affair, and will
soon tumble down if not repaired. All ready
on the cribs, the stop-logs are raised, the boom
timber runs down, and all pass over safély—the
cook last but not least—amid the cheers of a
large number of Coboconkers, who assembled
on the bank of the river to witness the success-
ful feat. The cribs are again moored. The
work of reconstruction begins. Jehu ships his
‘‘ greys” into their floating table, and the cook
is at work preparing supper. The system is so
complete that the whole is again in place before
tea time.

The steamer Coboconk, which plies between
Coboconk and Fenelon Falls, carrying pas-
sengers and towing, arrived during the after-

of sugar at one boiling, and is something worthy
of notice, being entirely unique in this northern
part of Canada.

C. Beck & Co., who had their mill destroyed
by fire last year, Mave erected a new mill—capa-
city 75 to 80,000 feet per day. The stock for
this season will produce seven million feet. The
mill is furnished with a circular and gang saws,
with steam feed, the only arrangement of the
sort north of Bradford mills.

GALT.

Another industry is to be added to those of
this busy manufacturing town. Messrs. Beck
& Co. are removing their cigar-box works from
Baden to Galt, it being better provided with
shipping facilities. The factory will be in a
building erected by Geo. Hespeler, Esq., attach-

NOTES BY THE WAY.

MIDLAND.

The well equipped saw mills of the British
Canadian Timber and Lumber Co., Messrs.
Chew Bros., and J, M. Dollar, make Midland
City a hive of industry during the summer sea-
son. The B.C.T. & L. Co. employ 120 men at
their mills. The ‘‘ cut” per day runs as high as
115,000 feet, and the season’s work is expected
to reach over 17 million feet. On Wednesday
the 22nd inst., the burners and fixtures for the
Brush electric light arrived- at the mills. The
engine to furnish the motive power for this new
light has been in its place for some time, and in
a few days the mills and yard will be lighted
up, so that work can be carried on, sawing,
piling, ete., by night as well as day.

lath...
Pickets.....+0-++

see eeee ere eee ee eee

Clark, J Bhedeie & Co’s onal, daily :

J. C. Clarke’s mill, daily :

At Wye River the B.C. T. & L. Co. have | ed to his saw mill, which will furnish the driv- Lamnber, es a ee
another mill, which saws on an average 40,000 ing power. Messrs. Beck & Co. will employ 20} noon with a cargo of ties, and returned the lade, ste ee Nettcsseeseteeeeeaena
per day. The season’s cut is estimated at six hands. They use Spanish cedar and soft elm | same evening to Fenelon Falls. The scenery | Pickets........ Ser eee
million feet. The Company’s powerful tug is | for the manufacture of the boxes, along the water is delightful, and is taken ad-| Wausau Lumber Co's mill, daily <
kept constantly employed in towing. Messrs. Cant & Gourlay haye commenced the | vantage of by a large number of tourists from ag 9 felt... ese eee eeee teteeee seasevroes

The above mills, in connection with those of | manufacture of the latest improved bicyle ; and | Toronto and elsewhere. Piokets | ogccar cca ae ae

‘one of their workmen has underway, a tricycle THE GEORGIAN BAY.

Messrs. Chew Bros. and J. M,. Dollar, are im-

mense feeders to the Midland Railway, which

is taxed to its utmost capacity in transporting

to Port Hope the millions of feet of lumber,
shingles and lath thus so largely manufactured.
The Midland Railway Company, however, are
doing their part admirably, and their efforts are
appreciated by manufacturers and _ shippers.
The track is put in good order—in fact the
Midland Railway, judging from outside appear-
ances, is one of tlie best conducted and best
paying railways in Canada.

A large and substantial wharf is also in course
of construction by the Railway Company at
Midland, which, when completed, will give that
port facilities for shipping equal to any place on
the Georgian Bay. To meet the prospective
requirements of the trade, the Company are
also erecting a mammoth elevator which will
have a capacity ‘of 250,000 feet, which is fully
double of either the elevator at Port Hope or
Collingwood. Its dimensions are 105 feet long
60 feet wide—height 110 feet. The tower is to
be 22 x 23 feet, and 135 feet high. It is expected
that grain will be brought from this point to
Toronto next winter. or as soon as the gauge of
the Toronto & Nipissing Railway is widened.
As one of the principal ports on the Georgian
Bay, with the best eastern outlet, a Custom
House is required to facilitate the transaction of
business. This is evident from the fact that
the burners and other machinery for the electric
light, already referred to, had to be sent from
Woodville junction to the Custom House at
Lindsay to be entered. Grain and other im-
ports-will require the attendance of an officer of
Customs.

Mr. James Creseen is getting out a large
quantity of oak and ash on the Georgian Bay

' for his car-works at Cobourg. 'Tanner’s mill
supplied him with 300,000 feet. The fire which
occurred at Mr. Crossen’s establishment re-
cently, has necessitated an extra supply to meet
the demand of his largely increasing trade.
Passenger cars, as well as freight cars, of his
manufacture are largely in use on the Grand
Junction, the Midland and Credit Valley rail-
ways, In point of workmanship and comfort
the passenger coaches are equal to those found
on any of the other railway lines. A very great
improvement is noticeable in the conductors’
new vans on the Midland. They are furnished
with cushioned seats, wardrobe, desk, and rack
for conductor’s papers, and at the same timo are
very comfortable for passengers.

PENETANGUISHENE,

Mr. McGibbon is getting out oak for Mr. | Hazlitt, manager, Peterborough, arrived at the | @ucec Square qoses8 apy
Crossen at the rate of from 9 to 10 car loads per] slide about noon on the 20th inst. The party | St. John Pine. atic ss 42,000 “
week. Mr. Christie is also furnishing dimension | occupied three cribs—one for the accommoda- Pte bicc hewn =e eau +
stuff from his mill at Sturgeon Bay, for the|tion of a span of horses, waggon, hay, &c.; vt BOWD.. «seeker Rees, Petes cntesees 265,000 ‘
Cohourg car-works. another for the sleeping apartment of the gang, | Rog nt. PUREE. tanner 2 Re ae be he
The Keene Lumber Co., Mr. Crossfield, man- | and the third for the cook, with kitchen, dining | Dantzig, Ge, Bir RU eee 76 279,000 “
ager, have erected a new mill on the bay. For | room and his paraphernalia of stove, flour, pork, | Seder aud Norway Pir.....++sssssereeees ne — 4
piling grounds, sites for dwelling houses for | tea, molasses, &c. After dinner the cribs were 7 — -
workmen, etc,, they have cleared twelve acres{ moored above the slide, and the work of dis- es 3
of the primitive forest, Seven dwellings and a] mantling at once commenced. Jehu, the driver, 1,000
store have been erected and nicely painted, The | hitched up his sleek and tractable team of grey oS 3
capacity of the mill is about 8 million feet. This | mares, and drove the waggon off the crib, over f 31,000 ri
season’s cut will be 3} million. The castings | some immense boulders, across a short portage Quehes acs Deas ep Rare eS 7,361 stds. 1,469 stds. 1,181 stds.
and machinery are from Craig & Cameron, } to the place of destination below the bridge. | N.B. & N.S. Bence =. 13,680 © 12,191 } 6,309 “
Penetanguishene. A pan for evaporating | The stable and other buildings being construct- Baltic ae abs: hes “ 2 igs “ 474“
maple sap and converting it into sugar is made} ed in sections, were taken down rapidly and a SR eee "400 763 “* 61 “
* Flooring Boards 8,760 ‘ 3,014 “* 1,968 “

by this firm, The pan will evaporate 450 lbs,

which will be propelled by combined spring and
lever, aided by the rider, who will sit comfort-
ably between the two front wheels, as shown in
an engraving in a recent number of the Scientific

American.
BURK’S FALLS.

Mr. A. C. Manzer is erecting a steam saw

mill at Burk’s Falls, on the Maganetawan
River. It is intended for local purposes.
part of the country is settling up rapidly.

A considerable quantity of logs belonging to
the Maganetawan Lumber Co. is reported as

“stuck” at Burk’s Falls.
COBOCONK,

Coboconk is the northern terminus of the

Toronto and Nipissing Railway, 88 miles from
Toronto, situate on Gull River. It has a popu-
lation of about 300, and is rendered famous as
being the site of the celebrated Coboconk Uni-
versity, established there in 1874 by Professor
Jimuel Briggs, D.B. The original University
was destroyed last year by fire. Another build-
ing has been erected on the same foundation,
named the ‘‘Coboconk University,” a large
hotel, having its rooms graduated according to
the acquirements and requirements of the gradu-
ates, who are properly classified and attended
to by the proprietor, Professor W. J. Chirpaw.

Coboconk is also a place of importance from a

lumbering point of view. There is a large steam
saw mill near the railway station, in which the
Dominion Bank has an interest, and which is
managed by Mr. Jos. E. Gould. The mill has
shipped this season over half a million feet of
lumber, principally to Messrs, Christie, Kerr &
Co., lumber dealers, Toronto, (Mr. Bond, in-
Spector). The season’s cut will amount to about
1,200,000 feet pine and 800,000 feet basswood.
Lath is also manufactured at the mill, and a
large trade is carried on by several parties in
railway ties, telegraph poles, fence posts and
cordwood—of the latter commodity about 2,000
cords are on hand awaiting shipment.

Logs and square timber in large quanties pass
through the slide at Coboconk. This slide is
fitted up with stop-logs, and, althongh put in its
present state of good repair by the government,
is free of tolls. It has a fall of about 15 feet,
which furnishes an excellent water power, on
which is a grist mill owned by Mr. McArthur,
of Fenelon Falls. On the opposite side of the
river from the grist mill stands an old wooden
saw mill, whieh has not been in working order
for several years. The advance party of a large
drive belonging to the Dickson Estate, T. G.

placed in position for running the slide, The

Jat Burk’s Falls.

This

About four and a half million feet of logs
taken out by J. Cockburn, on the Upper Mag-
anetawan, for the Magnetawan Lumber Co., is
reported ‘‘ stuck” and abandoned for the season

Six million feet belonging to the Ontario
Bank is reported ‘‘ hung up” on the North and
South Seguin rivers. The men are still at work
but have not made much progress for the past
ten days.

The Georgian Bay Lumber Company are re-
ported to have nearly three million feet yet to
come down on several small streams in Mus-
koka.

Cook Bros. have 2,000 pieces board pine and
7,000 logs stuck on the Little East river, near
Huntsville.

Thompson, Smith & Son are said to have a
very large quantity ‘‘ hung up” on Black River,
and the Dominion Bank is also said to be in
trouble with a large drive on the same stream.

Mr. M. McDougall, of Parry Harbor, re-
cently sold a limit of 22 miles in Monteith, on
the South Seguin, to J. C. Miller, of Parry
Sound, for $6,250.

The Parry Sound Lumber Co. have shipped
over seven million feet of pine lumber sinee the
opening of navigation ; about one-half of which
was sold in Canada and the other in the United
States.

The demand for coarse lumber this spring has
exceeded anything known in the history of the
trade. It is now difficult to find mill culls un-
sold, dry or green. Shingles and lath also
scarce and in good demand. Prices firm on
Georgian Bay.

THE business of hauling logs by rail from
points in Clare county to Saginaw river points
and Flint, is rapidly increasing. For the first
five months of 1881 there was hauled a total of
68,053,260 feet. The total amount hauled by
this road for the first five months of 1880, was
32,506,935 feet. It will be observed by these
figures that the business this year, thus far, has
more than doubled that of 1880 for a correspond-
ing period.

burgh, says :

COMPARATIVE TABLE,

SHOWING STOCK OF TIMBER AND DEALS IN LIVERPOOL ON MAY 3i1stT, 1880 AnD 1881, AND 4
THE CONSUMPTION FOR-THE MONTH OF MAY, 1880 AnD 1881,

Mr. Grorce BRETT, a prominent lumber
of Whithall, N. Y., died on the 22nd ultimo.
Ir is proposed to start a wood-pulp a
Ottawa, and to put to use the sawdust that r
goes to waste.
On the 22nd of June the steam saw mills ¢
Alexander Thompson, sinuated at Ettrick,
don township, were burnt. The loss is abe
$4,000 ; insurance, 1,000.
THE Country Gentleman gives a stateme
showing that 35,435 Ibs. of sugar was made la
spring from 13,145 maple trees, which all ste
within one mile of Lyndon Hill schoolhor
Vt., by 18 persons,
age yield of 29-13 pounds per tree.
Asovut 12 o’clock on the night of the 24th ult.
the saw mill in the village of Stayner, owned b
Jones Bros. & Mackenzie, of Toronto, and occ
pied by Henry Allen, was discovered to be a
fire. The fire brigade turned out promptly, b
although they were furnished with a libe
supply of water, and in spite of the most strenu
ous exertion, the whole byilding, with a
quantity of lumber, shingles, and laths,
totally destroyed, throwing a number of hand
out of work. Fortunately the night was cal:
and the fire was prevented from spreading
the adjoining buildings. It is understood tha
there is no insurance on either buildings or c
tents. The cause of the fire is unknown.
Tue Brick, Tile and Metal Review, of Pitts
An immense quantity of lumb
lies in the Allegheny river, in the vicinity ¢
Herr’s Island and below that point. Millior
of feet of the finest pine logs ever felled h
come down the Allegheny on the bosom of th
present generons flood of water’ and more are OI
the way. While most of the pine is in the fort
of logs, there is also a vast amount of lumb
and shingles. It is said that the number o
lumbermen who came down this spring is muck
larger than the several seasons past, while t
amount of timber is also greater. Things
therefore, lively in the boom on the uppe
Allegheny, and from the appearance of affain
our mill men and those below will have as muck
lumber as they want and at satisfactory price

Consumption
Stock, a S1st,| Stock, ss for the month

This was equal to an ave

May, 1881.

Wanted.

ASECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER ; also a LATH
MACHINE, both in good repair. Reply stating lowest
cash terms or particulars to Box 1002, Peterborough.110

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and’ COMPLETE
CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteen
foot head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough. 110

Allandale Junction Hotel

Travellers by Northern Railway ‘haye 15 to 20 minutes
by all trains, for refreshments. Solid meals. Tea and
coffee at counter. Fine brands of Liquors and_ choice
Cigars. b17 E. S. MEEKING, Proprietor.

Orillia House,

ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north o
Toronto; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free ‘bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.
McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Hall,

PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE, Proprietor.

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. lyul5

St. Louis Hotel.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.
This hotel, which is unrivalled for size, style and
locality in Quebec, is open throughout the year for
pleasure and business travel. b18

Queen’s Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE,

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) haying lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free ’bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT.

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS,

fz Every accommodation for Commercial and

LUMBERMEN.
114 W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHUBRST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find “‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free bus to and from trains and
steamboats. b26

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,
paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000 ; and above
percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. iy:16

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER.
u12-ly

E. 8. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT
is Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope, = 11

Ya

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. : 3

J.G. EDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT,

eek IN, eS Ai

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
iy CHAINS, ROPE, and wT

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.
SAMUEL WINDRIM,

MANUFACTURER OF

Agricultural Implements, Etc

MILLBROOE, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF
AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
of intending purchasers of Reaping Machines, that I
have now.on hand a quantity of the Celebrated

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. L17tf

Flexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, 16

J. K. POST & CO.

LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.

oswEHGo, N.Y

12-Ly

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler. b26

CANOES!

The undersigned keeps Canoes suitable
for LUMBERMEN, SPORTSMEN and
others constantly on hand. Price List on
application.

WILLIAM ENGLISH

8114 PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

To Lumbermen.
_ The Subscriber makes to order all kinds of

TENTS,

Hammocks, Tarpaulins, Waggon
and Horse Covers,
j= Also dealer in all kinds of OIL SKI
Clothing, Nets and Seine Twines. ‘y

An is also Agent for the best makes of AMERICAN
COTTON DUCKS in all widths.

J. LECKIE,

6u12 46 Front Street E., TORONTO.

CHAS. M. LARSEN,

Manufacturer of all kinds of Lacquered and Enamelled
Woodwork, Turning and Carving in

WOOD, HORN AND IVORY.

BILLIARD BALLS

Turned and coloured a speciality.

fa7MEERCHAUM and AMBER GOODS repaired in
first-class style. bl7

77% King St. West, Toronto, Ont,

Northey s Steam Pump Works

BOILER FEED PUMPS, | MINING PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and | OIL PIPE LINES,
WRECKING PUMPS. | And CITY WATER WORKS.

No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SHIND FOR CIRCULAR.

Wrought Iron shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever o fered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twojovens, each 16
xX 24x26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well Known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.
The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.

_ _Apam Hatt, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove 1 hare ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,

W7-ly

PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

_ _ ADAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.
: Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June 8rd, 1880.

A. HALL, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. Ican recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P,

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough,

He
ate Ie (le

NBT

;
uh

—=S===

The QUEEN'S HOTEL, TORONTO, CANADA

McGAW & WINNBETT, Proprietors.

IES Patronized by Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated according to rooms, bi7

OOOO eee

4

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE DEMAND AND THE SUPPLY.

The question of how much lumber will be
called for during a season, and how much will
be forthcoming to meet this want, is always an
interesting one to those engaged in manufactur-

ing or selling this article. They spend as much

of their time and thought in considering it as
they venture to lay upon any other one thing
connected with their business, and with a result

that in most cases is probably as little satisfac-
tory as any that attends their efforts.
very rare that an adequate solution of the
problem is reached in advance ; itis even doubt-
ful whether any is often possible. Operators
may scan the horizon of their trade with the
greatest care for indications, may figure up the

visible stock of logs and lumber, may estimate

as closely as it can be done, the probable or pos-

sible increase in consumption over what it was,

in former years,—they may take all these things
into consideration most carefully, but when
they have done so they are generally obliged to
acknowledge themselves unable to reach any
certain conclusions in regard tothe quality they

will have to sell, or the amount they will be
Both the

able to dispose of to their customers.
demand for lumber and the supply of it depend
largely upon circumstances concering which

much more is known at the end of the season

than at the beginning. The failure of the crops,

the hanging up of the drives, or nany other
occurrences that cannot be foreseen, are liable
t» affect one or the other materially, and some-
times make all the difference between a busy
and profitable season, and an inactive and un-
Any conclusions in regard to

profitable one.
the probable demand or the probable supply,

that are drawn from a study of the outlook, as
it appears on either hand, must possess, there-
fore, to a certain degree, the nature and value
if not always

of speculations are valuable,

absolutely accurate. They show what may

reasonably be looked forward to, provided cer-
afford some

tan conditions exist, and, hence,
data from,which an idea may be obtained with-

in certain limits, as to what lumber, may be, or

should be, worth.

Inquiry in regard to what the demand for
lumber is likely to be in the immediate future
comes at once upon certain facts in the present
situation of the trade that are too important to
be overlooked. We find that the sale of lumber
at all principal points of distribution is larger
than it ever has been at this time in the season ;
that country yards, as a rule, are buying freély,
and that they are selling their stock more
rapidly than usual; that in all parts of the
country there is a remarkable activity in build-
ing operations; that preparations are making
to carry out railway enterprises that were
abandoned when the hard times began a few
years ago, and have since laid dormant; that,
in fact, everywhere the lumber trade and other
lines of business intimately connected with it
are in such shape as they Have not been in be-
fore in many years. We find another thing.
The immigration to the United States from
other countries has been, and according to reli-
able reports will be, large beyond all precedent.
Every vessel that reaches our shores from the
opposite side of the Atlantic brings as many
new settlers as she can carry, and it is well
known that all the steamship accommodations
for such passengers have been engaged months
ahead. There is not the smallest chance to
question the fact that the number of immigrants
arriving this year will exceed the largest ever
before placed on record ; it is palpable and un-
deniable. Then, there is every reason to believe
that the yield of grain and other crops in the
agricultural districts will be such as to give
farmers an abundance of means to carry out any
improvements they may have in contemplation.
The harvest may not be the largest we have had
in proportion to the acreage planted, but we
doubt whether it will be exceed by that of any
former Year in the aggre: ate quantity obtained,
i mbination of

th or

}

ori
Wai)
Bhan of the latter considerably, but
drawback is not more likely to be met with
this year than in any other; so that we may
assume the probability that those depending for
their means upon the products of the soil will
have, later in the season, a large amount of
money, which they will be apt to invest in im-

such a

It is

provements requiring lumber in their construc-
In addition to these important features
in the situation, we find that universal confi-
dence in the present and future permanence of
the existing prosperity prevails, that capital is
abundant and seeking investment, and that

tion.

generally the country is in a state of remarkable
prosperity. ¢

Consideration of the facts we have just recit-
ed can hardly fail to leave, upon the mind of
any lumberman who undertakes it, a very de-
cided impression in regard to the future of his
own business. It can hardly fail to convince
him, we think, that the demand for the commo-
dity in which he is interested is more than
likely to reach a figure that will make the busi-
ness of other prosperous years seem small by
comparison.
conclusion could follow, legitimately. We have
a combination, apparently, of all the favorable
circumstances required to make an active de-
mand, and have it at atime when activity in
business is decidedly the fashion, and when con-

sumers are in the best condition imaginable for

buying. From these circumstances, the Lum-
berman feels bound to conclude that the outlook
for the trade duritig the coming summer and

fall months is most flattering, and that the
probabilities warrant the belief that, so far as
the demand is concerned, it will be all that the

most exacting lumberman could ask for.

In regard to the supply, the question that has
most to do with the stability of the market is

whether it will prove greater than the demand.

The Lumberman is of the opinion that in reply
to this question it may be truthfully said that it
If we restrict our inquiry for the

will not.
moment to the Northwest, and the territory
supplied from it, we have at our command

reasonably accurate data upon which to base

our calculations. Several weeks ago we pub-
lished statistics of the logs obtained in all the
important districts last winter, and those carri-
ed over in the streams, with estimates of what
might be depended upon as the result of opera-
tions during the summer and along the various
lines of railway running into the pineries,
which, making allowance for logs that will be
hung up or held over in booms, showed the
amount that will probably be available for saw-
ing this season to be, as near as possible,
6,250,000,000 feet,—an increase over last year’s
production of abont 600,000,000 feet, or ten per
cent. The actual cut may overrun this figure
somewhat, but even allowing that it does so to
the extent of increasing the excess as compared
with 1880 one-half, or more, making it 900,000, -
000, or even 1,000,000,000 feet, we submit that
the difference would not be greater than will be
required to meet the demand. An increase of
fifteen per cent.in the demand for the year,
which is certainly not outside the bounds of
probability, would use up all the excess in the
output, and leave the lumbermen of the North-
west with no more stock on hand at the close
than they brought from 1880. No one who re-
members the trouble experienced last winter
with broken assortments, and stocks too small
for the amount it was necessary to sell from
them, will venture the assertion that the total
stock on hand, January 1, should not be in-
creased at least twenty-five per cent. We do
not see that there is much chance that it will be
increased to that extent, or to any extent, this
We do not see where the lumber is to
The logs to make it are not in

season.
come frgm.

sight, and if they were, all the saw-mill capa-

city inthe Northwest would not avail to turn
them into lumber. No talk of any excess in
the supply over the probable legitimate de-
mand, in the face of such facts as these would
be simply ridiculous. The preceding figures and
comparisons, to be sure, relate only to the
Northwest ; but in this case what is true of the
Northwest is true of the whole country. Out-
side of this district there is no source from
which any supply of pine lumber may be obtain-
ed that will in any way affect our conclusion,
and as for the demand, it shows an equal likeli-

| hood of inereased activity, east, west, north and

south,—wherever lumber is sold, in fact,—
which is all the more reason for believing that
by no possibility can the supply exceed, or even
equal, it.

These points being determined, there remains
no question as to the probable condition of the

It is difficult to see how any other

lumber trade during the latter half? of the sea-
son. - It would be very strange, under such
circumstances as are likely to exist, if it should
not be active and satisfactory to a remarkable
degree. With a good demand, and only just
about enough lumber to supply it, operators
ought to have things go as nearly their way as
anybody could expect. They will certainly not
be obliged to shade prices unless they choose to,
they will not have to force sales in order to clear
off surplus srock, and if they sell their lumber
without making a fair profit on it, candid
people, acquainted with the facts, will be very
apt to say the fault is theirown. There will be
no occasion for practicing any of the tricks of
the trade that are sometimes resorted to, for the
purpose of securing customers, or getting some
advantage over a competitor. As there will
undoubtedly be business enough to keep every
dealer fully occupied, no one need fear, if he is
ordinarily industrious, but that he will get his
full share of it, and, as the demand will call for
pretty much all the stock that will be available,
no one need worry himself about disposing of
what he has or can get. It is not often that the
demand and supply get into the respective posi-
tions in relation to each other that they now
occupy. It is in all respects an exceptional
occurrence, and lumbermen should make the
most of it. We are inclined to think they will.
When this market settles down upon a fair’seale

of prices, as it must sooner or later, we look for

activity and firmness to rule all along the line,
and for the members of the trade, individually
and collectively, to make quick sales and good
profits.— Northwestern Lwmberman,

WOODEN IDOLS,

From that portion of the Apocrypha known
as the ‘‘Wisdom of Solomon,” the following
quaint extract is made:
felleth timber, after he had sawn down a tree
meet for the purpose, and taken off all the bark
skillfully round about, and hath wrought it
handsomely, and make a vessel thereof fit for
the service of man’s life. And after spending
the refuse of his work to dress his meat, hath
filled himself. And taking the very refuse
among those which served to no use, being a
crooked piece of wood, and full of knots, hath
carved it diligently, when he had nothing else to
do, and formed it, by the skill of his under-
standing, and fashioned it tothe image of a man
or made it like some vile beast, laying it over
with vermillion, and with paint, coloring it red;
and when he has made a convenient room for it,
set it on a wall, and made it fast with iron: for
he provided for it that it might not fall, know-
ing that it was unable to keep itself, for it is an
image, and hath need of help. Then maketh
the prayer for his goods, for his wife and child-
ren, and is not ashamed to speak to that which
hath no life. Again, one preparing himself to
sail, and about to pass through the raging
waves, calleth upon a piece of wood (an image)
more rotten than the vessel that carrieth him.
And verily desire of gain devised that (the ship)
and the workman built it by his skill ; therefore
do men commit their lives to a small piece of
wood, and passing the rough sea in a weak ves-
sel are saved. For in the old time also, when
the proud giants perished, the hope of the
world governed by the hand, escaped in a weak
vessel, and left to all ages a seed to generation.
For blessed is the wood whereby righteousness
cometh. But that which is made with hands
(the image) is cursed, as well it as he that made
it; he because he made, and it because being
corruptible it was called god.

LUMBER SALES.

The Montreal Gazette says:—Our Quebec
correspondent telegraphs as follows: On the
street to-day I heard of the following sales :
Joly’s spruce deals mill cutting, $36, $26, $20
and $14, and charges 20 per cent, odd sizes, and
a dram of McRae’s elm at 28c. News from the
other side indicates a dull market in the lumber
trade.

A Cough is usually the effort of Nature to o.
some morbid matter irritating the air passages of
lungs. It may, however, proceed from an inflamed or
irritable condition of the throat, a slight rash or
humor often being perceptible. “Let the cause be
what it may, the remedy should be Hagyard’s Pectoral
Balsam. A purely vegetable Balsamic throat and lung
healer. For sale by all dealers in medicine, at 25 cents
per bottle,

Now a carpenter that

‘this material is sent to the North-West, where

NOTES BY THE WAY.
WOODSTOCK.

This is a beautifully situgted and well laid out
town. The streets are wide, and, as well as the
public parks, are planted with maple and other
trees, which now (June 9th) are in full foli
The town is surrounded by good farming land
occupied by an industrious class of people,
chiefly from the north of Scotland. Many of
the original -settlers were those who were drive
from their native glens at the time of the
Sutherland evictions. Their descendants, how.
eyer, have no cause to regret the event, though
at the time, painful enough to the expatriate
Highlanders. They are now amongst the mos
comfortable and independent of any farina t
Canada.

Railway accommodation is convenient
ample—the Credit Valley, the Grand am!
and Great Western Railwaye, each give Woe
stock a station.

Considerable manufacturing is carried on.
Mr. F. B. Scofield is an extensive dealer in
Inmber. At his saw and planing mills in East
Woodstock, he manufactures cheese boxes,
wooden bowls, broom handles, ete. The estab-
lishment has the latest improved machinery. It
is provided with a simple but ingenious contriv-
ance, consisting of a rapidly revolving fan,
which, being in connection with exhaust boxes —
or pipes leading to morticing, planing machine,
etc., draws through itself, by the vacuum
created, shavings, chips, and sawdust, into a
general receiving pipe, thence into a box near
the furnace of the engine, supplying the boiler
with fuel and producing a cool and refreshing
blast for the fireman. The sand-papering
machine for finishing doors, ete., works like a
thing of life.

There are several other planing mills and
lumber dealers in Woodstock. James Hay &
Co. carry on cabinet manufacturing on a large ~
scale, Two organ factories are doing an ex-
tensive business. The largest black leather
tannery (harness and upper) in the Dominion is
here, operated -by Messrs. J. & J. Grant. They
also manufacture belting. About forty men are
employed, and 1,500 cords of hemlock bark are
used per annum at $5 per cord.

Another extensive industry, which competes
with wood fencing, is largely carried on by the
Metallic Spinning Co,, Mr. J. G. Short, man-
ager. This concern spins the steel barb fencing
wire at arapid rate. Five machines are em-
ployed in twisting the wire and inserting the
barbs. Three men are kept busy finishing the
coils of wire by putting them through various
baths after leaving the machine previous to
having them galvanized. The manufacturers
claim that the material with which the wire is
coated is not broken off when the galvanizing
process takes place after the insertion of the
barb hetween the stands. Large quantities of

"4

wood-fencing material is scarce.

Mr. Whitlaw, manufacturer of boilers, etc.,
has just completed a portable steam saw mill,
with upright or muley saw, for M. F. Shaw, of
Guatemala, Central America. Mr. Shaw has
already been at Guatemala, and will bring his
“rig” along with him. He proposes to cut
mahogany and Spanish Cedar, which is found
in abundance there, extending from the coast
twenty miles into the country, and is in great
demand. It is expected that several other port-
able saw mills will follow this trial machine.

SomEone who claims to have tried it asserts
that boiled linseed oil and charcoal mixed to the
consistency of paint, and applied to timber to
be buried in the earth will give it almost the
durability of stone or iron. It is claimed te
make such woods as poplar, basswood, ash, ete
as good for fenee posts as any that can be found.
Basswood posts coated with this prep :
have been taken up, after being seven years ii
the ground, as sound as the day they were set.
The process is certainly very simple and i
pensive.

TxE lumber establishment at a o z
Clark & McClure, which Thos. Scott has man-
aged for several years, nen been bevel a
H. Sutherland & Bro., who also p od
quantity of lumber, shingles and latheonndll
flat-boated to Winnipeg by Clark & McClure.

-

G

' | ‘THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE ELECTRIC LIGHT.

MR. E. B. EDDY’S NEW ENTERPRISE—AN EVENT
LONG TO BE REMEMBERED IN HULL,

On the 14th inst., the public of Ottawa and
Hull had for the first time a full practical test
of the value of the electric light. Much as has
been written and said upon this subject, vivid
as may have been the description of it, clever
as may have been the themes advanced about it
nothing could have brought its beauties and
utility so lucidly home to the minds of the pub-
lic at large as the grand exhibition of its powers
as shown in the extensive works of the most

- enterprising and shrewdest business man of the
Ottawa Valley, Mr. E. B. Eddy, of Hull. Mr.
_ Eddy, in its adoption, has, of course, been actu-
_ ated by a desire to have what was best at the
cheapest rate. No false economy. In all his
transactions he fully realizes that there is that
_ which scattereth abroad, and yet increaseth. In
nothing is found penny wise and pound foolish,
and the success of the electric light in factories
is another laurel added to his great and growing
wreath. The fact that his mills and factories
would, for the first time, be illuminated by
electricity sufficed to draw a great crowd of
_ visitors to the spot from the city, and the popu-
lation of Hull was out en masse to see what
_ would be the result of the last experiment of
the active business mind which has almost built
up the young city. There. are few in Central
~ Canada who will not accept his conclusions as
-eorrect, but even his most ardent admirers were
hardly prepared for the sight that awaited them.
Crossing to Hull from Ottawa just as twilight
was fading away, the northerly bank of the city
seemed bathed in a mellow moonlight, but as it
- was long before the hour of Luna to be on her
eourse along the horizon, the effect could not be
attributed to her gentle influence. On reaching
the Union Bridge the cause was self-evident.
Hull seemed to have instituted an independent
“order of full moons.” Three grand lghts, in
size larger than any star, with a wonderful
brilliancy, and not less inviting to the eye than
the moon, lighted up the whole scene, showing
the fine tracery of the bridge, the fine spray of
the Chaudiere, and the bold outlines of the
buildings on both banks of the river with won-
derful distinctness. Advancing towards Hull,
the light became gradually brighter, the shadows
defined more sharply, and faces and colors more
easily distinguished, and even the most skepti-
eal were fain to confess that the light was a
grand success. It was, however, in the vicinity
of Mr. Eddy’s mills that the beauty and effect
of the light was most brilliantly brought out.
The wide spread yards were all as bright as day,
the windows of all the shops showed as if suns
were beaming inside them, while the lights in-
the other mills and the shop windows of the
city wore a sickly glare, like the dying torches
at the end of political demonstrations. In the
big mill, in which all the machinery had been
stopped, and which was thrown open to all
‘visitors, the sight was a study. The buiding
was crowded with visitors, and here better than
anywhere else the purity of the light was visible.
‘The most delicate colors were as plainly discern-
able asin the brightest sunlight. Among the
dresses of the many ladies who crowded the
Place with very young children, the gayest
toilets shone out in their full beauty. No con-
founding greens with blues, no turning delicate
‘Manuves into vulgar reds. It was no wonder
that the expressions “ C’est beau,” ‘ Crest
magnifique,” were frequent on the lips of the
lady visitors. The work that Mr. Eddy has
undertaken in introducing this light into his
premises it would not be easy to rightly picture. Beechwood for Paving.
and the best description of it will give but a; . The Edinburgh authorities are at present
feeble idea of its magnitude. The total number making a test of the capabilities of beechwood
of lights emnployed is forty, extending from his | 48 4 Pe ving material, and for this purpdése have
residence at the corner of Main street and | laid a wide crossing at the junction of Melville
Brewery street to the river bank opposite the | street witl. Queen’s Ferry street with well-
Parliament Hill, and all through the various | seasoned blocks of this wood. A slip of chilled
apartments of his numerous factories, store-| iron, grooved tu afford a grip for horses, is in-
houses and mills. These lamps are located ag | troduced between each block, and the interstices
follows :—One in the front of his private resi-| are all filled in wit creosote.
dence, which throws a brilliant Jight over the a ; ey ae an
whole square down to the river's edge ; four in praise that matchless medicine, Burdock Blood
the sash factory, two being on the first floor | Bitters. It acts at once upon Pete, i
the planers are situated, and two on the| Powel, de Tires, hg, Skin and, the idneye
floor which is occupied as the window- | strengthens the nervous and debilitated system. No

< F d . Try it and be con-
and cabinet makers’ department ; one is | XPOW Femedy can do more, Ary

extensive of the premises; two others are in
the circular sawmills ; three more are found in
the large sawmill ; two on the upper platform ;

main platform; four in the pail shop; one in
the machine shop ; five in the match shop ; one
in the washboard shop ; two in the lower saw-
mill, one on the lower platform, and four in the
lumber yard. Tach of these lamps has an illu-
minating power equal to two thousand candles,
and sheds a brilliant light, with strongly mark-
ed shadows, over an area of 12,000 square feet,
the whole of the lamps having an illuminating

combined area of 480,000 square feet. The
machinery from which this light is derived is
placed in what was formerly the stone grist
mills occupied by McCormack & Sons at the
back of the match factory. The machine used
is the “‘ Brush dynamic electric,” size number 8,
and driven by a powerful turban wheel. Its
dimensions are 89 inches in length, 28 inches in
width, 36 inches in height, with a weight of

an armature, which revolves at the rate of seven

belt twelve inches wide over a pulley 20 inches
in diameter. The armature is placed between
four heavy relays of insulated copper wire, con-
taining in all 20,000 feet lineal measure. The
whole machinery is located in the electrician's
room, and under the present charge of Mr.
George W. Hoag, of Mr. Brush’s electric works,
of Cleveland, Ohio. In this room is also found
the automatic governor, an ingenious invention
which regulates the current of electricity ac-
cording to the number of lights in use, thus
enabling any number of the lamps to be shut off
or used without altering the speed of the main
portion of the machine. The lamps used are
the size known as number 3, each carrying
double rods, which enable them to be supplied
with four carbons, each twelve inches long, cop-
per-plated, for the better conducting of the
electric current, manufactured according to the
Brush patent from coke. Thelamps are calcul-
ated to burn for 16 hours without a renewal of
the carbons, and the cost of each lamp is calcu-
lated to be only one cent per hour, each lamp
being supposed to burn from an inch and a-half
to two inches per hour, the upper carbon posi-
tion burning about double the quantity consum-
ed by the negative. The apparatus is of the
same kind as has been so extensively introduced
into the United States by the Brush Electric
Company of Ohio, and into Europe by the
Anglo-American Light Company of London,
England. The same sized machine, with its
full power concentrated in one light, is now in
use on one of the finest vessels in the British
navy. Mr. Millan, Mr. Eddy’s manager, will
have the general management of the apparatus,
assisted by. Mr. Mousseau, head millwright of
the establishment, when Mr. Hoag returns to
the United States, as he will do in the course of
a few days. The event will long be-remembered
in Hull, and it need not be wondered at that it
was made a festival of in the city. During the
evening the Hull band, led by Mr. Durocher,
was out, and played for some two hours about
the city and serenaded Mr. Eddy. The turning
out of the corps was voluntary. In getting the

could, Mr. Eddy has done the public as well as
himself a benefit, for the Union Bridge and its
approaches were never so well lit as they were
last night by his ‘‘new order of full moons,”—
Citizen. :

two more in the small sawmill ; three under the

power equal to 80,000 candles, and lighting a

4,800 pounds. The electricity is generated from |

hundred revolutions per minute, driven by a

best and cheapest light for his place that he

THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOD PULP.

Wood pulp, which has of late years acquired
some importance as a substitute for rags in the
manufacture of coarse and fine papers, is obtain-
ed in two different ways:—1, mechanically, by
the mechanical disintegratiof of wood; 2,
chemically, by treating the wood, with chemical
reagents.

I. Preparation of cellulose by the mechanical
mcthod.—W ood lately felled and stripped of its
bark is ground between heavy millstones be-
neath the surface of running water, passing
thence through a sieve or bolter, as a fibrous
mass, which can be used, with or without ad-
mixture of rags, as a substitute for ordinary
paper pulp. The wet mass of woody fibre is
deprived of its superfluous moisture by pressure
and in that state is sent to the paper-mills.
This compressed fibre, even when boiled, will
not give a fine-grained paper, for which purpose
an addition of 25 to 80 per cent. of rags is neces-
sary. Wood paper acquires a yellowish or
greyish tinge with exposure, for which reason
also it is unsuited for finer purposes. Wood
fibre is not pure cellulose, but contains
a mixture of intercellular substance, which
has held the plant-cells together. Pure
cellulose forms 30 to 69 per cent.
of ordinary wood pulp. Wood pulp is
very short in the fibre, owing to the method in
which it is prepared, whereas pure cellulose is
longer in the fibre, felts better, and is more
suitable for papermaking, Wood pulp is there-
fore employed for the coarser sorts of paper,
whilst the chemically prepared cellulose is well
adapted for the finer kinds.

In 1871 some experiments were made by O.
Meyh, of Zwickau, in regard to grinding wood
after steaming it in steam boilers. The results
were most satisfactory, and the method is now
used.in the fabrication of brown papers. Inde-
pendent experiments were made about the same
time by E. F. Meisner, of Roth-Dannitz, near
Stolp, Pommerania, in the boiling of wood with
and without caustic lye, grinding, and prepar-
ing paper from wood fibre obtained by the first
method, with and without an admixture of rags.
A partnetship was concluded between H. Voel-
ter and O. Meyh for the working of certain of
these new processes, which are now known in
Germany as the Voleter-Meyh patent. Aug,
Erfurt, manager of the wood pulp and paper
works of Bezner & Co., endeavored to improve
the process by the ebullition and prolonged im-
mersion of the wood in soda lye. Erfurt subse-
quently varied this process by boiling the wood
twice before cooking it in the caustic soda, a
process which yielded wood pulph of a superior
quality. The papers so produced haye been
gradually improved, and now packing-papers of
excellent quality are thus manufactured, which
can be used for a variety of purposes for which
ordinary papers are more or less unsuited. Tor
many purposes the natural brown colour of the
paper is a recommendation, and not only for
cartridge-cases, book covers, packages, and the
like, but also for floor-papers it is found most
useful. Erfurt prepares his ‘lignite pulp ” in
four qualities, which can be used separately or
combined in different qualities of paper.

2. Preparation of cellulose by the chemical
method.—The preparation of cellulose by chemi-

cal means has recently made greater progress,
as a much finer and whiter product is thus
obtainable than by the mechanical method ;
still there is, unfortunately, one great disad-
vantage common to all the processes yet adopt-

ed—the expense, costly machinery and processes |

being employed for an object really attainable
by other means. These consist in the continu-
ous action of. chemical reagents, whereby the
expenditure of fuel is rendered unnecessary,
and the great wear and tear of plant involved
by the use of high steam pressure avoided.

A fresh starting-point in cellulose manufac-
ture was afforded by the establishment of the
Manachunk Wood Pulp Works Company, at
Philadelphia, in 1864, whose products were ex-
hibited in Paris in 1867. At this establishment
the cellulose is prepared by Houghton’s and
Coupier’s methods, by boiling the wood in
acetate of soda under very high pressure. This
branch of manufacture has been further investi-
gated and improved upon by various parties.

In 1868 the Gloucestershire Paper Company
started a large cellulose and paper manufactory

EE _—___________ EIT =

located in the box shop, by no means the least

F

a
”
in England, for paper-making without rage,
thereby affording demonstration of the fact that
paper can be manufactured from cellulose with-
out any admixture of 1 A heavy outlay,
stated to amount to £25,000 as i lved by
the experiments of the compa ‘

In 1870 acompany of English and Swedish
capitalists started five large « l
tories in Swe 5 the American system in
use at Cane M > , N.B.

On thi yatem the five nufactories in
question, and oth« En American
establishments, are no \ ‘ well as six
large manufactorics in German Some manu-
facturers have abopted other methods, and have
engaged in fresh experiments and researches,
chiefly with a view to remedy defects of con
struction in the apparatus tmployed.

In the difierent methods hitherto adopted
acids (muriatic and nitric) are used, to the
action of which the wood finely rasped is ex-
posed until the fibre is laid bare, whereby a
portion of the cellulose is converted into glu-
cose, whence alcohol is obtained by fermenta-
tion ; after this the wood is treated with acetate
of soda until al] the soluble matter is extracted,
and finally is washed. This method does not
admit of the acid being used again, and more-
over requires the vessels employed to be of more
than ordinarily indestructible materials.

In Watt & Burgess’ method, finely-chopped
wood is treated with acetate of soda of 4 degs.

Reaumur, under a steam pressure of 60 Ibs. to
the square inch.
the shape of the w

form, as sawdust, the circulation is impeded ;

tere very much depends on

ood: in a highly comminuted

shavings, on the other hand, take up too much
space, so the wood is treated with the lye in a
series of digestors, under high steam pressure,
and the soda afterwards extracted from it by
the action of steam. As the ly
in is removed by the steam and the residum

re contained: there-

calcined in ovens of special construction, it is
obvious that the method adds considerably to
the cost of the process, and it is preferable to
use the acid once only and allow it afterwards
to evaporate naturally in open pits or to remove
it by heating in closed vessels so contrived as to
entail no extra firing. Cellulose prepared in
this way requires no mechanical manipulation,
but is simply bleached with chloride of lime be-
fore use. Chemically prepared wood pulp is
superior to that prepared by mechanical means,
being more elastic and longer in the fibre, and
as before mentioned, can be employed for paper-

making without any addition of rags.
———————

Two Thousand Dollars.

The easiest, cheapest and best way to secure
the above amount is to apply for membership
in the Mutual Benefit Association of Rochester,
N.Y. Pay Dr. 8. B. Pollard, 56 Bay Street,
one dollar for four medical examinations, he
will send your application to the head office, if
you are accepted as a member they will issue a
certificate of membership, which, on payment
of eight dollars, entitles you to full benefits as a

member, should you die to-morrow, next day,
next week, next month, or any time within
three months, this Association will pay to your
heirs, or assigns, the sum of two thousand
dollars. @#At the expiration of the three months
all youthave to do is to pay your pro rata
amount, which is from 20 to 75 cents on the
death of some other member, who has done
nothing worse than to die during the three

months just past. By paying your assessments ~

on deaths, you keep your certificate alivé, and
at the commencement of the second year you
are assessed two dollars per thousand to keep up
office expenses, etc., for the next year. No
easier, surer or better schemes to carry two
thousand dollars has ever been devised than the
Mutual Benefit Associates, of Rochester, N.Y.

5-1-13

Zoresa.—A healthy man never thinks of his
stomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkable
compound for clensing and toning the system, for
assisting the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
properly perform their duties in assimilating food.
Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of
your druggist. A few doses will surprise you,

Hagyard’s Wellow Oi is a perfect panacea curing
by external and internal use all inflammation, pain
and soreness; Rheumatism, Stiff Joints, Deafness,
Colds, Kidney complaints, Burns, Frost Bites, and
Flesh Wounds of every variety. For sale by all
dealers. Z

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

WANTED,

An efficient and reliable correspondent for the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, in each of the following cities, viz. :
QUEBEC, OTTAWA,
MONTREAL, HAMILTON,
And LONDON.
For futher information, address
‘ TOKER & CO.,
CANADA LUMBERMAN OFFICE, PUBLISHERS.
Peterborough, Ont., June 13th, 1881.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :

One copy, one year, in advance.........-.+-+++. $2 00
One copy, six months, in advance..........-+..- 1 00

Advertising Rates :

Per line, for ONE Yar. .... 6. seve eecerecee ee eees $0 90
Per line, for Six MONtNS..........-eeeeeceeeeees 50
Per line, for three months...:.........6seerees 30
Per line, for first insertion.....s+66..sesereeeens 10
Per line, for each subsequent insertion to 3 mo’s. 05

Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
PEY ANNUM 16.00 ieee eee ee ee nensn seer senens
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
POY SUK ALOU stepete cfateleteteielsle elsielelele/sisiris'slste/s ais
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines per annum 5 00
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo’s 3 00

Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
least three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion. ;

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to ToKkER & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. JULY 1, 1881.

‘We desire to call the attention of our readers
to the sale by tender of the extensive saw-mill-
ing property at Parry Harbor, belonging to the
Ontario Bank. In addition to the saw-mill,
which is very complete, there are extensive and
valuable limits attached thereto, which, after
all, should be the great sine-que-non of such pro-
perties,

A. CORRESPONDENT of the John O’Groat
Journal, in notes of a trip to Edinburgh from
Wick, dated May 25th, says:—‘‘The scenery
at Blair Athole, as witnessed from the railway,
is surpassingly grand. There the trees were fh
bloom, and the scent of the sweet briar was
wafted around us like a cloud of incense. We
were informed that the value of the growing
timber, aged fifty years. on one hill crest, used
chiefly for railway sleepers, would be about
£30,000, (nearly $150,000.) One of the most
profitable investments is this growth of oak, the
bark of which is used largely for tanning pur-
poses.”

We have a post-card asking for information
as to where black walnut trees, suitable for
transplanting, can be obtained, from someone
whose signature we cannot make out. The
writer says he desires to plant out a number as
an experiment, as he understands that a gentle-
man in Quebec has already planted out some
400 with satisfactory results. Nursery men
haying black walnut trees suitable for planting
would evidently find it to their advantage to
advertise them in THk CaNnapA LUMBERMAN,
We hope, too, that our correspondent will accept
this as a reply to his card, as we do not know
where he would get what he wants, and cannot
address him personally for the reason already
stated, r

ORDERED HOME.

Perhaps no better evidence of the firmness of
the western lumber market could be afforded
than that which we have in the recent decision
of the Chicago lumbér dealers to order home,
with the intention of keeping them at home, the
gentlemen whom they now have on the road
soliciting orders. These travelling salesmen
were the outcome of a period of depression,
when it was almost a matter of financial life and
death to make gales, of many other things as
well as lumber, at almost any price, and
although the necessity of making such sales has
passed away, the travelling salesman has be-
come such a fixture that, however desirable, in
the interests of sellers, it will be difficult to get
rid of him entirely. It is generally conceded
that this following of buyers into their own
offices does more to break or keep down prices
than anything else that can be done. They
must shade prices to do business, because unless
the retail dealer can buy, or be made to fancy
he is buying cheaper from the travelling man
than he othérwise could do, he is likely to with-
hold his order, until it suits his own conveni-
ence to send it to headquarters. Now, if these
things be so, it follows that the withdrawal of
these gentlemen of the road must not only do
away with the evil tendencies which their visits
are calculated to produce, but afford the most
substantial evidence to consumers that lumber
is no longer a drug, and that the holders thereof
feel that they can afford to hold on until the
consumer requires it at the price which he has
put upon it. And this is the true position of
every holder of lumber. It is not like butter,
cheese or eggs, or like the ribbons and bonnets
of the dry goods merchant. It will not, if pro-
perly cared for, spoil in a single season like the
first, or become unfashionable and therefore
worthless like the latter. Ifthe production of a
year has exceeded the legitimate demand, the
true way to adjust demand and supply is to
hold on to what you have got—it will be none
the worse of a little more seasoning—and cur-
tail production—the trees that are left standing
another year will neither grow rancid or un-
fashionable.

THE NEW LAND REGULATIONS.

In another column will be found the new
regulations recently issued by the Dominion
Government with regatd to their lands in the
North-West. A persual of them can scarcely
fail to convince the most sceptical that they are
eminently favourable to the settlement of that
country, but less there should be any doubting
ones in this respect, we cannot do better than
transfer to our columns the following compari-
son of the prices charged for wild lands in Min-
nesota and Dakota, by the most prominent
competitors of the Dominion Government and
Pacific Railway Syndicate, with those now in
force in our own Nor’-West, as we find them set
forth in the columns of the Monetary Times :—

IN THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST.

Government lands within the Railway Belt
may be acquired as follows: <A free homestead
of 160 acres on condition of settlement and culti-
vation for three years; also, a pre-emption of
160 acres adjoining at $2.50 per acre, by instal-
ments covering ten years.

Government lands may be acquired, beyond
the distance of 24 miles from the railway, as
follows: A free homestead of 160 acres on the
same conditions as above ; and also a pre-emp-
tion of 160 acres at $2.00 per acre cash, at the
expiration of three years. In addition to the
320 acres thus acquired, a settler’s wife may ob-
tain 160 acres as a free grant, on condition of
cultivating 10 acres thereof to forest trees, thus
making 480 acres to man and wife.

IN DAKOTA AND MINNESOTA

Government lands may be acquired within
any Railway Belt as follows: A free home-
stead of 160 acres, on conditions of permanent
improvement and continuous residence for jive
years ; or (not and) a pre-emption of 160 acres,
on condition of permanent improvement and
continuons residence for one year, an $2.50
per acre cash. <A settler may in addition to
either homestead or pre-emption take up a free
tree-culture claim, on condition of planting 10
acres thereof with trees.

Government lands outside the railway limits
may be acquired on similar terms to the aboye,

but the price for pre-emptions is $1.35 per acre
instead of $2.50.

N.B.—It should be observed that the United
States Government does not permit, as does that
of Canada, the same individual to acquire both
homestead and pre-emption claims. He must
take one or the other—160 acres instead of 320,

IN THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST.

The Canadian Pacific Railway Company asks
for its lands, within 24 miles of the road, a uni-
form price of $2.50 per acre, payable by instal-
ments, with a rebate of $1.25 per acre for sub-
stantial improvements and cultivation.

IN DAKOTA AND MINNESOTA.

The Northern Pacific Railway Company asks
from $2.50 per acre upward, according to quality
and location, and no rebate is promised to the
settler who cultivates his farm. As a fact the
prices of lands contaguous to the railway, range
as high as $10 and $15 per acre.

The circulars of the St. Paul, Minneapolis
and Manitoba Railway Company do not’ an-
nounce the prices of lands, and all the best farms
adjacent to the line have now been taken up. In

all sales, however, the company promises a “ re-
bate of nearly one-half the purchase money for
breaking and cultivating the land.” The actual
prices of farms are graduuted according to

quality of the land and distance from a station.

AN ORANGE PEELED.
To the Editor of The Canada Lumberman:

Mr. Eprror,—A month or so ago I sent you
a short sketch of all I thought would be interest-

ing to your readers of this part of Canada,
therefore, at this time, I can only present you,
as it were, with a squeezed orange.

reader, is information about woods and forests.

In my time we used to hate the timber because
it stood between us and johnycakes, and more-

over for the sweat it caused us to clear the land,

but tastes change with time—nothing pleases us

better now than the “ forest primeval.” Forty
years ago one in this place could look in no
direction without seeing scores of towering hem-
locks, many of them “‘girdled” to acconplish
their cheap destruction. They have all long
since disappeared and left no traces of their ex-
istence—faded away like the red men under the
fostering care (?) of Yankee legislation. In
those days the havoc made of elm, maple,
brown ash and basswood, for potash, is fearful
to contemplate, but it was a case of life and
death between the men and the trees. Although

many of the inhabitants favored the forest by a

‘“ wooden look,” they choose to be survivors.

The French mode of clearing low land west of

here was by fire, which destroyed all vegetable
life, and they have no taste for planting trees.
A look across their level settlements reveals

nothing but whitewashed houses and cedar
The want of wood has long since bore

rails,
heavy upon the poor.

One of your correspondents speaks of the
grievences of small dealers in lumber, owners,
perhaps, of an old up-and-down mill. Now, I
feel for those martyrs, having suffered a moral
crucifiction in common with them. One of my
townsmen, on the rack, that is, selling boards
to an old farmer, after the torture was suspend-
ed, gave it as his deliberate opinion that anyone,
after the long agony of dealing in lumber with
those close-fisted, selfish specimens of humanity,
should, without any further preparation, be en-
titled to enter into the blissful fields where the
good niggers go. With the joiner and car-
penter we have no difficulty, they know what
they want and know what it is worth, but the
potato-digger, in this business, seldom or never
deviates into common sense and fair dealing.

That anyone else has as good a right to an

équivalent for his money as himself, never
trates his agricultural skull. Our patience
oe Ae way, and foreed the pig-breedrr to
“unload” and go his way. We have another
customer far worse than the tight map, for 7.
tight man, to his honor, be it ey
pay, but the fellow, who, with m _afore-
thought, comes for a few boards is Fag an we
mean. He wishes to be trusted ash 1 e, of
course. He banters you lon:
convince you that the d
his conscience till seti |
but the. slight indebt
{rom his memory ai

Jong slipped

The most
mteresting feature in your paper, to the general

the transaction with the complacency of Wilkins
Macauber on a similar occasion. You feel

puzzled; the law offers you no redress; the
man has no effects outside of exemption ; you
don’t know in what category to place your act ;
it is too business-like for charity, and yet looks
more like charity than business. Finally the
unwelcome reflection forces itself upon you,
that you have really given alms without the
smallest right to claim the credit of it.

E, CHANDLER.
County Missisquo1, P.Q.

A NEW INDUSTRY.

O. A. Gould, who resides on the Pennoyer
farm opposite this city, has established a new
line of business that is of considerable import
ance to the public. Mr. Gould has provided
machinery by which he manufactures cedar
strips for lining trunks, wardrobes, furniture,
clothes-presses or for inside finishing for houses
if needed. The machinery. consists of a set of
knives 64 feet long, which commence on the out-
side of a cedar log and cut it in one continuous
strip in any thickness required from the thirty-
second part of an inch to half an inch in thick-
ness, the strips of wood being delivered in a
compactroll ready for use as soon ascut. Theim-
portance of this manufacture consists in the fact
that cedar wood isa complete protection against
all kinds of vermin, such gs ants, cockroaches,
moths, lice‘and worms of all kinds. The design
is to use this cedar for ceiling in pantries,
clothes-presses, store-rooms and all other places
where these pests of the household congregate.
It can also be used for flooring, if desired.
Cedar wood neither shrinks nor swells under
the influence of moisture or heat, and can be
papered or washed without destroying any of
its qualities. The objection to its use in build-
ing has been its smallness, making the lumber
very narrow and imperfect when it is sawed in
the usual manner, but by Mr. Gould’s method
of paring it off in a thin slice, the strips can be
made 50 feet long, and it is so flexible that it
will not break, and the imperfections in the
grain do not appear to any extent in the sheets.
For ceiling, it cnly requires that the edges be
leveled and glued together, and the work can
be made perfect.

Mr. Gouldhinks it can be used in matrasses,
thus making’them always free from all danger
of infection or vermin. This method of treating
cedar wood will be a great benefit, and bring
this hitherto almost worthless product of the
forests into demand.—Saginaw Herald.

THE Toronto Globe says :—It is related that
John Brower, a New York furniture maker of
about sixty-five years back, who was the first to
introduce the use of black walnut in his trade,
found very great difficulty in inducing the pub-
lic to use the wood. The current of fashion
was then running strongly on mahogany, and it
may be added fashion never decreed the use of
a more beautiful or enduring,wood. In those
days there was plenty of black walnut in New
York State, and the Erie Canal was much used
as a ‘‘floatable stream” for the logs. Then
Western Pennsylvania and Michigan became
the great sources of black walnut ; after that,
Ohio and Indiana, in which States fabulous
quantities of the now —— wood were burnt
up in clearing, or spl
Ontario also, the

posing of what was tl
nuisance. At the pre

y it is necessary to

go beyond the Miraisiipst Spiiick. walnot, aint

the price of the wood in New York is about
$100 a thousand. No doubt, as black wal-
nut gets scarcer, the furniture makers will

endeavor to give dame fashion a twist backward

mahogany, or forward into the adoption of

|some of our splendid native hardwoods. Cir-

cumstances seem to point to the black birch as
the supplanter to a great extent of the walnut.
There are prodigious quantities of this wood in
Ontario and Quebec. In large tracts of the
Muskoka and Parry Sound districts it is the
prevailing timber, and on the best land it grows
to a great size. Farmers who have black birch
standing in accessible situations would do well
to cease cutting it for the present.

CookIne by electricity will be carried on at
the French International Electrical Exhibition,

i: ee

=

& eutste

: f

ST. JOHN, N.B.

From Our Own Correspondent.

‘Srream Drivine.—It our last reference was

made to the favorable condition of the water in

the rivers and streams for bringing out the logs.
“While it lasted the freshet was very favorable
indeed, but coming so late in the season it fell
off yery rapidly,and considerable quantities of
s were ‘“‘hung up” in consequence. The
ereat bulk of the logs, however, were got out,
and those left behind for the present will, no
doubt, all come to market in the course of the
season.
_ Sreamsuips.—Referring to this new element
our lumber carrying trade, its development
ars to be quite rapid. Already this season
wen vessels of this description, of an aggre-
tonnage of 12,076, have been cleared with
cargoes. Another (the Anny Dora, 1,107
ns) is now loading, and we hear of five others
ntly chartered, which may be expected to
mrive in-a few days. Estimating these latter
1,000 tons each, we have seventeen steam-
ips of 18,183 tons engaged in this trade up to
e present time.
_ FreicHts.—A large number of vessels have
arrived in the last few days, and the freight
ket is much depressed. The latest trans-
tion reported, was at 53/. for Liverpool,
ich may be quoted as about the market rate
cay.
_ Sxippine List.—The following is the list of
square rigged vessels in port, with their tonnage
and destination :—
¥ Riverside, 1,234, Liverpool. °
Equator, 1,272, Liverpool.
Northumbria, 1,592, Liverpool.
Endymion, 1,298, Liverpool.
_ Alphens Marshall, 1,109, Belfast or W.C.E.
__ Edward Kidder, 1,014, Newport or Liverpool.
_ Arabia, 957, Liverpool.

_ Nettie Murphy, 1,373, Liverpool.
William, 998, Waiting.
_ Douglas Campbell, 845, Marseilles.
Granite City, 776, United Kingdom.
Effort, 378, U. Kingdom or Continent.
Tima, 437, E.C. Ireland.
Africa, 1,130, Cardiff.
Loanda, 1,500, Liverpool.
Wanderer, 438, Ireland.
Huano, 843, Belfast.
Sverre, 404, United Kingdom.
Sverre, 600, E.C. Ireland.
Blanco. 343, discharging.
Josie Trop, 1,100, Gibralter, for orders.
Venus, 734, Ireland.
Cecilia, 334, France.
Nytghan, 1,254, waiting.
Liffey, 845, Liverpool.
_ Ashlow, 639, Cork-or Limerick.
» Charles, 1,500, Liverpool.
_ L. H.-D’Veber, 615, Londonderry.
_ John Murphy, 1,479, Liverpool.
Bonito, 599, Galway.
Broderine, 453, Marseilles.
Anny Dora, S.S., 1,107, Liverpool, London or B.C.D.
Taganrog, 514, Marseilles.
Loining, 847, St. Nazaire.’
E. W. Gale, 320, discharging.
_ Revolving Light, 1,317, Liverpool.
HIPMENTS.—The shipments of deals .and
sawn lumber are as follows :—

x
a

Mor Burope....202+ iesese- 15,639,000 Sup. ft.
“ United States...... + «++ 2,987,000 4
“ West Indies........ «s+». 100,000 at

N.B., June 18th, 1881.

~ John,

i DULUTH,

_ The Duluth section will this year manufacture
sixty million feet of lumber as follows :—

CERIO gct ls desde sses0e Sectaaatls 5,000,000
EMEA MICO. oc noe og mens ciccs neces . « «10,000,000
iller..:. 8,000,000

10,000,000
re Depeitececav.sscsce ae Wed) pice oieid pa die o 4,000,000
6 Falls Lumber Co.............+ APPA CP 25,000,000

. -62,000,000
14,000,000

100,000.000 feet by new mills and increasing
y of those already built.

As freights rule low at present, and may con-
me to do so for a time, it is to be feared that
lippers may be tempted by this to send cargoes
on the open market to an extent greater than
s present state of trade warrants. It is only
thholding every foot of timber as long as

¢, «0 a4 to enable this market to right

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

TIMBER NEWS.

During the week ending 18th June, 1881, the
undermentioned timber passed through the
slides mentioned :—

DES JOACHIMS SLIDE.

Rafts. Owners. Cribs. Pieces.
1 David Moore...--+++-- 93 2,225
il William Mackey. .. 131 8,107
1 J,&G. Bryson...... 94 2,421
3 318 7,753
; CALUMET SLIDES,
Rafts. Owners. Cribs
DePOUPCLS (as s'ejeinisieiei cite \sst pies 0 «0+ ¢ 850
5 3,350
1,95)
5,650
ARNPRIOR SLIDE.
Owners. Cribs. Pieces. Saw
Logs,
Wm. Mason......... pWlalsxslaleiavefeinldt iyide prises, 6,000)
Wm. Croft..... odode) bs ssc 506
— McGregor...... ators bat suse 1,000
Jonathan Fraser & Co......... 241 5,972 23,442
241 5,973 30,942

CHAT’S SLIDE, FROM 13TH TO 20TH INST.

Rafts. Owners. Cribs.

1 DAO MES PUALOUN stasialsleleis/etelsiesietats oR tai ele's ARABCS 97

1 Gillies Bros.......... Abbbabecoobou.ouguUde” 88

1 BARON) OF CUNT): i cr> oieieinie:sieiv\= «121 iainjeis eeoesee 114

2 J. Francis & Co........0+e008 pogo anpddo- 66 243

1 IRAN 18 FORD Soqog genous beoooUnebeodUUbDDS 119

6 661
THROUGH GATINEAU BOOM SINCE 16TH INST.

Owners. Saw Logs

GB Halligs Cotes sis sisi reise. pddondoadan? AUR sd)
W. C. Edwards & Co...... Rian cote wate «+» 13,497
Hamilton Bros......... Ax Ae coo SoG Or HOU 058
J. McLaren & Co......... pabanguoueds gooooo ehyrxitl)
37,694

And 1,319 pieces long red pine belonging to Mc-
Cracken, Boyle & Co.

With the Approach of Spring, Biliary Com-
plaints prevail that often lead to serious results. Guard
against their attack in time by using Burdock Blood
Bitters : the best Liver Invigorator, Kidney Corrector,
Regulator of the Bowels and Secretions, and the purest,
most permanent Tonic in the world. For sale by all
dealers.

pies ee

If you suffer from any chronic disease arising from
Impure Blood, Sluggish Liver, disordered Kidneys or
inactivity of the Bowels; if your Nervous System is
deliberated from whatever cause arising, do not des-
pair, but procure a trial bottle of Burdock Blood
Bitters ; it will only cost 10 cents. Large Bottles $1,00,
For sale by all medicine dealers.

rr Dat iC

' LUMBERMEN

bas ;

Ox

f

us
will save money by going direct
or sending to F. CRUMPTON, 83
King St. East, Toronto, for their
Watches and Jewellery, or Silver-

| ware and Clocks, ete. If you can-

I

\

¥ not come yourselves send your
™ orders and I will guarantee just
17 as good satisfaction as by a per-
sonal selection. Goods guaranteed
exactly as represented or your
money refunded. Watch and Jew- ?
ellery repairing and manufactur-
ing by competent workmen at
Reasonable Prices. We make a
specialty of HEAVY CASED *
WATCHES suitable for Lum- h
bermen.

» 423 Prices cheerfully furnished
= On application.
eo

Bi, Remember the address,

f F.CRUMPTON

83 King St. East,
TORONTO.

ELECTRICIAN,

4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONTARIO.

Trusses for HERNIA, Rupture,

The most Durable and Beneficial kind known to Medical Science always in
Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.

BATTERIES FOR BATHS.

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private Use; and
FARADIC BATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW. ly117

Axes in the World!

Se Kl)

E)=C.1.WETMORE <i
il CBS StREn Vone > I

P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.) EXTRA and STANDARD LEATHER BELTING
Jowitt & Nicholson 2nd CUT FILES. LATH YARN.

'GEORGE STETHEM

12-117

PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO,

Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware.

American Hotel, Corner Young & Front Sts,,
TORONTO, ONT.

Newly and elegantly furnished throughout. Contains one hundred rooms, and under it the new
management is first-class in all its appointments, at moderate rates.
Free omnibuses to and from all trains.

WILLIAM MACKIE, of St. Lawrence Hall, Port Hope, PROPRIETOR,

J. E., McINTYRE and J. H. MACKIE, Clerks, - bz

8

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LIGHTING SAW-MILLS BY ELECTRICITY

The rapidity with which the electric light has
advanced from the experimental to the practical
stage is something remarkable, even in the pre-
sent wonderful age. It has long been known to
scientists that what is termed the voltaic are,
which is simply a continuous electric spark,
afforded a light but little inferior to sunlight ;
but it is only within a few years that any
attempt has been made to turn the fact to prac-
tical account. In the last half dozen years or
so, electricians have spent a vast amount of
time in studying the principles of electric light-
ing, and in experimenting with appliances for
the successful and economical application of
these principles in practice. That the time and
money so employed have not been wasted, is
evidenced by what has already been accom-
plished. We find now several different styles
of light in use, and several more that have been
tested by their inventors with very flattering
results. The electric light, in fact, has passed
the experimental part of its career, and appears
now as something that has stood the test of use
without failure.

The Lumberman pointed out to mill owners
some months ago the possibilities of electricity
as a means of illuminating saw-mills, planing-
mills, furniture factories, and all woodworking
shops that are, either all or part of the time
compelled to run nights. The lack of a good
light has been a serious obstacle in the way cf
night running in all kinds of mills and factories,
and particularly in these that from the nature
of the material operated upon are liable to dam-
age by fire. Gas and oil have both been used,
and in many cases the result has been the des-
truction of the mill by fire. And when no acci-
dents have occured the light obtained has
invariably been found to be of poor quality,
rendering it impossible for employes to accom-
plish anywhere near what they would in day-
light. Indeed, the inferiority of the best light
hitherto obtainable, and the risk inseparable
from its use, have led many manufacturers to
prefer the alternative of doing less work to that
of attempting to operate their mulls or factories
with such a dangerous and ineffectual means of
illumination. We have been told by a good
many saw-mill men that they would gladly run
their mills, night and day if they could find
some way of lighting them without increasing
the danger of fire, and in such a way that
effective work could be done.

It seems to us that in electricity mill men of f\

all kinds will find exactly the light they have
been looking for. It is unquestionably the best
light that has ever been invented, as far as its
illumination power goes, and there is certainly
no doubt about its superiority in point of safety.
Besides, it is really the cheapest of all known
methods of lighting large areas.. The principal
item is the first cost of the machines and the
power ; these once bought, there is nothing to
do but to keep the engine running and supply
the lamps with carbons, the latter forming even
for a considerable number of lights, but a
nominal item of expense. The cost of produc-
ing the light, after the electric machine and its
motive power are obtained, would hardly
amount to anything for the operator of a mill or
factory. In all woodworking shops, at any
rate, the means of producing power is so cheap
that it practically cuts no figure, so that by
adopting the electric light the expense of making
the mill as bright as day is reduced to an ex-
ceedingly small sum. The wear and tear of the
machines used, and of the lamps, we under-
stand, is very slight, so that there is no lack of
economy on this score. With electricity, all
fear of fire, resulting from the lighting of a
mill, would be groundless. The light is not a
flame, but a spark, and as it develops no appre-
ciable amount of heat it cannot set fire to any-
thing; while any accident that disturbs the
position of the light puts it out at once.

We do not well see how anything in the way
of a light more perfectly adapted to the use of
saw-mills, and all sorts of mills, in fact, could
be devised. It is maintained altogether by
power, which is an indispensable adjunct to
every manufacturing establishment, and can in
most cases be applied to an electrical machine
at a very small cost. When the apparatus and
lamps are once in position, the light is produced
' steadily and with but little expense and trouble,

It is always ready when it is wanted, is lighted
instantaneously by the mere shifting of a belt,
and involves in its maintenance scarcely any
extra trouble or expense. It emits no smoke or
disagreeable fumes, is perfectly clean, and what
is most important, is entirely free from danger,
which cannot be truthfully said of any other
means of turning darkness into light that is
known to the world. It seems to possess all
the advantages that any one could ask for, and
so few and such unimportant disadvantages that
they are hardly worth considering.

It is probably known to most of the Lwmber-
man’s readers that there are several kinds of
electric light that have been perfected, though
only one has yet been sold to any considerable
extent. This one has been adopted by most of
those who have already tried this sort of light,
mainly, we suppose, because it has, until lately,
been the only one of which the sale has been
vigorously pushed. The principle in all the
machines is the same. They all use dynamic
electricity and carbon lamps, and so far are all
alike ; the difference in the systems is in the
machines for generating the current, and in the
devices for feeding the carbons in the lamps, by
which various degrees of steadiness and perfec-
tion are produced in the light. It is important
in selecting a machine that these differences
should be understood and appreciated, lest one
become prejudiced against the light because of
faults that exist simply in the mechancism, or
the manner of utilizing the current.—Worth-
western Lumberman.

TIMBER NEWS,
During the week ending 11th June, 1881, the
undermentioned timber passed through the

slides mentioned :—
DES JOACHIMS SLIDE.

Owners. Cribs. Pieces.
Bell ®& Hickey..... © Be defend oem 113 3,350
Booth: & Gordon s:c\s'eisyels osisleieta o's)uluillseinis 4 70
117 3,420
COULONGE SLIDES,
Owners. Cribs. Pieces. Saw
Logs,
Alex. Fraser. .....csese aa 114 2,782 7,215
Gillies| Bros. <.\s\.\. <emareeintaienettaa 88 2,789 66,374
202 5,571 73,557
CALUMET SLIDES,
Rafts. Owners. Cribs. Pieces.
1 McCool & Sunstrum,..../...... 87 2,171
1 JO. Latour’: cieciche us oislec weisie's 97 2,999
1 Gillies Brose iii osuces any aiucnm nun 88 2,558
1 A.. FYaSGiiiiesieercle 06 cuiabiars sipinctet 114 2,782
2 McCoshen & Fraser..e..-.-eeee-s 230 5,800
6 616 17,310
CHATS SLIDE,
Rafts. Owners. Cribs.
1 McCool & Sunstrum. ...........ceecevenes 87
1 Hilliard & Dickson ....ccpceceseccccccvece 106
193

GATINEAU, FROM 10TH TO 15TH INST.

Owners. Saw Logs. R’y Ties.
G. B. Hall & Coc. acje veicevseecee 19,702
W. C. Edwards & Co......seeeeees 8,400
Hamilton: Bros -fisteils cy sss viel seas © 2,871
PUMOUL' SCO. sc cccesccsvccerste 3,002
ED ETAMYIS cs cic)s)asciecaisicletays s(eisisiein aetna en aatere 3,367
° 83,975 3,367
PORT HOPE.

The following is a statement of lumber, etc.,
shipped from Port Hope for the periods named,
as obtained from the books of the Harbour
Master, viz.:— ;

LUMBER,
APTA Te eeieiatiecivisie/cieie cinieciseinaneue sto wienie 3,697,276 feet
MBYin cece nviewarencscccceneucestsevecs 8,518,175 “*
June, (to the 16th inclusive).......... 6,368,632‘
OLB] as, anieinis oie wma nieayngieee 6 eeieie 18,584,083 *
SHINGLES.
APU :. Gis isiersfelsiniciele vivinieicin’ crcmieetele eicla(e/shelaforee eeececes ee.
Mic akStyyaieiatinsd Ouse leieiabiels wie kine ele (ROM MM Srare Celt 10,250,000
June; (to 16th inclusive). .......e+ eee eee ee 2,712,750
Total...... Sosa Tee seni aisicia seceee- 12,968,750
SHINGLE BOLTS,
Aprils Se oes pieiblcis ols sinc gamma cack 6 weste sSaciet 80 cords.
MAY des Se Sater h indice tse Bove ceaseiveveevnce 198. **
JONES tecbich s vlaeresiere Ssbonane senses
Lge) 21 Ragaeteraod id FeO OS MOD HOO OOUSD ws
WOOD.
April... sletetene PAT eee eter rs i 88 cords
MAY: Shares atv oles Milals awe aw crrerielels voene
June, (to the 16th inclusive)........ 6.6.5. 50
Total.vecrrececececns Soy veeldt ets foaie

THE OUTLOOK FOR LUMBER.

Mr. Van Schaick, of the extensive lumber
firm of Ludington, Wells & Van Schaick, ex-
presses the following opinion of the condition
and prospects of the market. He is as well
qualified to speak on the subject as any man in
the country :—

“‘ Seriously, to me the lumber market has all
the elements of strength rather than weakness,
and it has fully met the expectations held since
January by many engaged in it. I would b
to suggest for your consideration the following
elements of strength: First, a demand fully
equal to that anticipated early in the season.
With the fact that no switching of cars has been
done for about two weeks past, the output from
city yards by rail from January 1 to May 18 is
but 143,594 feet less than during the same time
last year, and all will admit that the city con-
sumption has been greatly in excess for the
same time. Second, that with largely increased
receipts by rail over last year from January 1
to May 18 there remained at that date a defici-
ency in receipts of lumber of 22,352,000 feet as
compared with 1880. Third, that it was gener-
ally admitted at the lunch given by Vice-Presi-
dent Martin, that the receipts of this year would
be greatly in excess of last year, and might
reach a total of 1,800,000,000 feet. As the count
now stands, to receive an amount equal to last
year only, there must arrive 1,360,600,000 feet.
To receive this you have 182 business days in-
cluding December 15, and arithmetic will show

that each business day the receipts must be

7,500,000 feet to equal last year’s receipts. Any-
thing above this would be a surplus over last
year.

‘*Every lumberman can form his own esti-
mate as to what the excess will be, but in my
judgment the excess in sales for 1881 will fully
equal the excess of receipts over 1880 from this
time forward. Itis unnecessary to enlarge by
stating that lake freights, wages and all ex-
penses are likely to add fully $1 per thousand to
the cost of manufacture over last year. No
exact amount can be arrived at; still, this will
be an important factor in the current market
value of the year. An opinion formed and a
position taken on the value of a commodity so
largely produced and consumed as lumber,
should be backed by arguments and facts, as
care should be taken not to mislead dealers and
consumers by opinions based on personal in-
terests. My impression now is that since the
rate of interest began to decline in western
centers a few years since, all business men who
have taken the bear side on the value of any
commodity have been disappointed in results,
and that it is extremely dangerous in the pre-
sent prosperous condition of the country to sell
any commodity at alow price in regular busi-
ness that the seller must immediately replace.
The stock of logs cut during the past winter is
not excessive at any point, nor beyond the
ability of the owners to carry easily. Money is
abundant at an exceedingly low rate of interest
compared with former years, the general busi-
ness is prosperous in all. departments, and the
indications point to a steady and large con-
sumption of lumber, Demand and supply will
probably adjust prices to the satisfaction of
manufacturer, dealer and consumer.”—Lumber-
man’s Gazette.

We have received No. 10, Vol. 1, of THE
CANADA LUMBERMAN, a 16 page semi-monthly
paper hitherto published in Toronto by Mr.
Alexander Begg, but which has just been pur-
chased by Messrs: Toker & Carnegie, pro-
prietors of the Peterborough Rryrew, to whom
we are indebted for the copy before us, and
whom we wish every success in their new yen-
ture. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN will be a trade
organ, absolutely non-political, and will not
only contain those accurate statistics which ‘are
necessary to the trade aS a basis of intelligent
operations, but will afford a -medium =.
which the lumbermen of the inion
explain their wants and wishes or exchan
ideas on subjects of interest to them.
beautifully printed with new ty
white paper, contains a large uu
and is only $2.a year in adv:
Gazette.

The circulation of the CANAL
over 2,000 copies, Advertisers sl

ME, MOORE REPLIED TO. :

To the Editor of The Canada Lumberman:
Dear Sirn,—Having noticed in the last issue

of Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN a communication :
from W. Moore, in which he complains of the _
treatment received by the so-called, small mill- _
men, at the hands of Toronto planing mill men. _
I am pleased to observe, however, that he does
not include retail men proper, in his denuncia-
tions. I would ask Mr. Moore if small millanen
are not somewhat in fault in this matter? Mr.
Moore evidently included amongst the number.
To the writer’s own knowledge, it is generally
the custom of small mill-men to come to Toronto _
with their lumber with the express intention of
making all they can of it, and therefore cast the _
retailer, or middlemen, to one side, and seek out 4
the sash and door factories, thinking that by
disposing of their lumber to the consumers they
will realize the outside figure for their lumber, —
or in other words, get the profits that should go’
to the middleman, and in this expectation they —
are often deceived, and many will say, rightly
served, Now, although I wish it to be dis- e
tinctly understood that it is mot my purpose to
attempt to defend the factory men, as I doubt
not they are well able to defend themselves, —
still I think Mr. Moore will hardly deny that it
is extremely difficult to convince many small
mill-men as to what constitutes a mill cull, and
more difficult still, as to what is really clear
lumber, and as to what is well manufactured or
the reverse, most difficult of all. Their know-
ledge in this respect is often exceedingly deffici-
ent, and considerable difficulty is often experi-
enced by the purchaser in getting a satisfactory -
settlement in consequence. There is still another
fault made by small mill-men, and that is in the
handling and piling their lumber. Many lum-
bermen can testify that it is quite exceptional to
find clear, bright and properly piled lumber at
small mills, but frequently so damaged by sap-
staining as to be unfit for market, and so de-
preciated in value nearly one-half. Now, I will
agree with Mr. Moore, that in this respect
matters might be improved to the advantage of
seller and buyer, by establishing a depot under
proper management, as such evils as that I have
referred to above might be remedied under the
influence exerted by an efficient manager, and I
conceive that is about the only advantage that
would be gained by the combination advocated
by Mr. Moore, as he must be well aware that
there are plenty of reliable dealers here to whom
he could consign his lumber, and save his
travelling expenses, and realize all the market
would afford ; and if Mr. Moore has clear, pro-
perly manufactured lumber at present to dispose
of, he can net $28.00 per M., which is not a bad
figure, even for “a mill-men.
Truly yours,

H.C,

ee ae eee ae ee es

io
ae

: ir

Toronto, June 16, 1881.

ENCOURAGING.

The receipt of such letters as the following,
we need scarcely say, is most encouraging to
the publishers of Tur CaNaDA LUMBERMAN.
We have already received not a few of this
kind, but there is room for more ;

Fort Frances, N.W.T., June 6th, 1881.
Messrs. Toker & Co., Peterborough.

GENTLEMEN,—Enclosed, please find the sum of $2.00,
for one year’s subscription to Tae CANADA LUMBERMAN.
I have received two copies of your paper, and find that
it ere | very useful information to

lumbérmen.
Yours truly,
S. H. Fowurr.

—_.>———_

CoLiinewoon, June 18, 1881.
Messrs. Toker & Co.,

Dear Strs,—Having accidently seen Tae CANADA
LUMBERMAN newspaper published by- you, and being
somewhat in that line of business, I am quite pleased
with the amount of information to be foun@ in your
periodical and having reference to that line of business, _
and would desire to become a subscriber. Please send
mea copy on receipt, and consider me a subscriber for
a year. Yours truly,

Davin FLEMING.
oN &

; the rnd 7 it for
* leanees th e entire aaa
be) ieee: eeps you ci cept areinn=: able = “daily, telling.

nails. Letters and postal
of cures and help frem Z from Brasil or pean
proof of the h = ot gate ss Sees

sample, Ask yourd

Chips.

Owrne to the large amount of hemlock bark
to be peeled in New Brunswick, operators are
ring $1 and $1.10 for men, and even at these
figures can scarce make up their crews.

‘Tue daily average number of pieces (logs,
ties, bolts, timber, &c.) passed through the gap
the western side of the boom at Belleville is

000, yet such is theextent of the supply from
he river that but little diminution is noticeable
ithe bulk collected at the river’s mouth.
LoeGan’s tannery, Pictou, N.S., has been re-
ult. The new building is 200x150 feet, and
e convenient and commodious than the one
yhich was burned down in 1875. It turns out
b present about 1,000 sides of leather per week,
nd using some 7,000 tons of hemlock bark per
annum.

THE Railroad Gazette of June 10th, reports
,574 miles of new railroad built thus far this
, against 1,590 miles reported at the corres-
ding time in 1880, 661 miles in 1879, 413
miles in 1878, 570 miles in 1877, 628 miles in
876, 296 miles in 1875, 537 miles in 1874, and
171 miles in 1873.

THERE are huge jams of logs on the Kennebec
tiver, N.B. The drivers start them by blowing
em up with powder. Thousands of spectators
re watching the proceedings. A young fellow
itting on a rock looking on was struck by a
*, knocked in and drowned, as was his com-
union who tried to save him, the other day.

A party of New York capitalists were in
Montreal last week making enquiries with the
iew of establishing a factory for the manufac-
are of Vegetable Fibres. The capitalists re-
erred to are extensively engaged in the same
isiness in New York, and it is believed by
acquaintances here that they intend start-
ing a factory in this city.

THe Hart Emery Wheel Co., of Hamilton,

ve lately built anew factory on Hunter street,
size of which is 60x25, two storeys high,
With a wing in the rear for engine house, etc.,
built of red brick. They are full of orders,
d report a largely increasing trade. The
el made by this firm has 2 wire web inserted
ich largely diminishes the risk of the wheel
bursting, as often happens with the ordinary
> } eels,
‘A CovincTon, Va., paper notes the shipment
from that point recently of a large lot of walnut
imber, which will go via Richmond to Europe.
The consignment amounted to 500,000 fect. A

ill of 50,000 feet of white oak lumber was also
sent from the same town lately to England and
Seotland, where it is to be used in car building.

uch transactions as these show that the valu-
able hardwoods to be found in this country are
nd abroad as well as at home.
ACCORDING to one of the Lewiston, Me., local
ypers the lumber business there is in a very

urishing condition. The two steam mills cut

ething over 100,000 feet per day, and the
ipments from the yards connected with them
fount to nearly fifty cars per week. The mill
en are said to be receiving orders faster than
ey can fill them, and, in consequence of the
fivity in business, have advanced the price of
ypboards from $20 to $30 per thousand feet.
ost of the lumber shipped from Lewiston goes
Lawrence and other Massachusetts
being purchased by lumber dealers and
uilding contractors.

An ingenious person has just hit upon a new
d original derivation for the term “jerry,”
applied to ‘jerry buildings,” the work of
or impecunious individuals engaged
e erection of house property. The deriva-
m is 80 obyious that it seems a wonder nobody
ever hit upon it before. This amazing philolo-
gist reminds us that “‘ Joshua, the son of Nun,
walked round Jericho in the old time and caused

rumpets to be blown, whereupon the walls fell
n with such facility that the builders must
we been greatly blamed,” and so their work:
wame proverbial. A “ Jericho builder,” there-

b, got to be a byword of reproach, and in the
gress of ages the phrase has easily and natur-
4 m corrupted into our modern term a

”

1 dema

rn a a ed
LL DO 1t.—Everybody sae epee for
new test, cosiest
Ae | gem extant. Try 5 cent gample, .

, 9

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

TANNING WITHOUT TAN.
A company has lately been formed in Belgium
for the purpose of working a new tanning pro™
cess, invented by Dr. Heinzerling, of Frank-
fort, which has for its object to do away with
all the drawbacks involved by the usuay
methods of tanning hides. The popular saying
is that there is nothing like leather, but the
making of it is more difficult than that of any
other commodity in daily use. For several
years past leather makers have found it difficult
to meet the requirements of the leather sellers.
owing to the increased consumption of the
article, it became more and more difficult for
the tanners to procure the necessary funds the
figure of which rose in proportion to the con-
stant rise in the price of tan, and then again,
the immense amount of time it takes by the
present process to make a skin into leather also
over-handicapped the producers. A1l these diffi-
culties are in a great, measure overcome by the
new system ; so, at any rate, our contemporary
la Cote libre tell us. Dr. Heinzerling tans
leather without tan, that is to say without oak
bark ; using instead a mineral composition, by
means of which he claims to work wonders.
The company that has been formed in Belgium
for the purpose of making leather according to
his receipt, is to take over the works of M.
Delattre Hallez, of Mons, whilst the remaining
partners are to contribute 12,0007. towards the
plant, fitting, and working. The tanning yar
is already in full working order, customers are
coming in in numbers, and those who have
tried the new leather are all agreed that it is
fully equal to the oak bark leather in quality,
whilst its manufacturing price is very consider-
ably lower. The new process only takes one
hour, whilst the old require six hours, all other
circumstances being equal. The promoters
aver that the new leather will be a great com-
mercial success.

7

a7 La S
CTT i pa Ee mesa ee

Department of the Interior,
Orrawa, 25th May, 1881.
HEREAS circumstances has rendered it expe

ta)

the Government respecting the administration of Do
minion Jands, public notice is hereby given :

General in Council, on the 20th day of May instant
and the following
agricultural lands substituted therefor :

2. The even-numbered sections within the Cana

24 miles on each side of the line of the said Kailway
with by the Governor in Council, shall be held exclu
sively for homesteads and pre-emptions,

the Company.

shail be disposed of at the rate of $2.50 per acre ; four

to be paid with each instalment.

tions shall be sold at $2.50 per acre, payable in cash.

The Willow. odd-numbered sections for sale as public lands.

Anybody who has the patience to wait five-
and-twenty years for a large return upon a
small expenditure should plant the willow tree.
The demand for this wood during the last few
years has been extraordinary, and the London
dealers now readily wait upon any estate agent
who has two or three fairly-grown willows for
disposal. An average price for a good tree with
plenty of top is £10. The wood is used for a
variety of purposes. Boles just cut down, and
free from disease and stain, are made into carri-
age bodies. Cricket-bats worthy of the name
and the game are made of no other wood. It is
the material also of many articles of modern
furniture. The inferior parts of the tree serve
for toys, for cotton or silk reels, or for conver-
sion into charcoal. For many of the purposes
we have named, the wood is first placed in
scalding water, when it may be twisted, knead-
ed, cut, or stamped out, just like a piece of
boiled cheese. Properly, of course, the willow
should be grown upon the margin of a ditch or
brook. It will grow more slowly and less per-
fectly in very moist and heavy soil. It should
be planted in the spring or autumn. Those who
want as rapid a development as the tree is cap-
able of- should not plant little sprigs, but a
goodly-sized pollsrd lop, say from seven to nine
feet long, and as thick as a man’s wrist. If
such a lop as this be placed three feet in the
soil, failure is next to impossible.—Land.

farming lands from ordinary sale and settlement, and

upset price of $2 per acre.

section. &
9. Exceptions shall be made to the provisions of
clause 7, in so far as relates to lands in the Province

north of the belt containing the Pacific Railway lands,
wherein a person being an actual settler on an odd-
numbered section shall have the privilege of purchas-

more, at the price of $1.25 per acre, cash; but no
Patent shall be issued for such land until after three
years of actual residence upon the same.

10. The price and terms of payment of odd-number-
ed sections and pre-emptions, above set forth, shall not
apply to persons who haye settled in any one of the
several belts described in the said Regulations of the
14th October, 1879, hereby rescinded, but who have ob-
tained entries for their lands, and who may establish a
right to purchase such odd-numbered sections or pre-
emptions, as the case may be, at the price and on the
terms respectively fixed for the same by the said
Regulations.
. Timber for Settlers.

11. The system of wood lots in prairie townships
shall be continued—that is to say, homestead settlers
having no timber on their own lands, shall be permit-
ted to purchase wood lots in area not exceeding 20
acres each, at a uniform rate of $5 per acre, to be paid
in cash.

12. The provision in the next preceding paragraph
shall apply also to settlers on prairie sections bought
from the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, in cases
where the only wood lands available have been laid
out on even-numbered sections, provided the Railway
Company agree to reciprocate where the only timber
in the locality may be found on their‘lands.

13. With a view to encouraging settlement by cheap-
ening the cost of building material, the Government
reserves the right to grant licenses from time to time,
under and in accordance with the provisions of the
“Dominion Lands Act ’to cut merchantable timber
on any lands owned by'it within surveyed townships ;
and settlement upon, or sale of any lands covered by

The great Marvel of Healing—the grand
climax of medicinal discoveries is Burdock Blood
Bitters. It cures all diseases of the Blood, Liver,
Stomach, Bowels, Skin and Kidneys, Female Com-
plaints, Scrofula, General and Nervous Debility, and is
a reliable Tonic in all broken down conditions of the
system. Sample bottles 10 cents, Supplied by all
dealers in medicine. c

Hagyard’s Pectoral Balsam is a purely vege-
table healing balsam. Itcures by loosening the phlegm
and corrupt matter from the Lungs and expelling it
from the system, Croup, Asthma, Bronchitis, Hoarse-
ness and all pectoral diseases yield to it promptly. It
costs 25 cents a bottle.

TRUSSES.

SA all attachments improved, No more

y buckles, all on solid brass casting.
Book on ruptureand human frame free.
Send address in full post card. Best
true information about rupture and
deformities, CHAS, CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
118} King Street west, Toronto. 12113

the operation of the same.

Sales of lands to Individuals or Corporations for
Colonization. ,

14. In any case where a company or individual ap-
plys for lands to colonize, and is willing to expend
capital to contribute towards the construction of
facilities for communication between such lands and
existing settlements, and the Government is satisfied
of the good faith and ability of such company or in-
dividual to carry out such undertaking, the odd-num-
bered sections in the case of lands outside of the
Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, or of the Belt of any
branch line or lines of the same, may be sold to such
company or individual at half price, or $1 per acre, in
cash. In case the lands applied for be situated
within the Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the same
principle shall apply so far as one half of each even-
numbered section is concerned—that is to say, the one-
half of each even-numbered section may be sold to the

dient to effect certain changes in the policy of

1. The Regulations of the 14th October, 1879, were
rescinded by order of His Excellency the Governor

?

Regulations for the disposal of

cian Pacific Railway Belt—that is to say, lying within
excepting those which may be required for wood-lots
in connection with settlers on prairie Jands within the
said belt, or which may be otherwise specially dealt
The odd-
numbered sections within the said belt are Canadian
Pacific Railway Lands, and can only be acquired from

8. The pre-emptions entered within the said belt of
24 miles on each side of the Canadian Pacific Railway,
up to and including the 31st day of December next,
tenths of the purchase money, with interest on the
latter at the rate of six per cent. per annum, to be
paid atthe end of three years from the date of entry,
the remainder to be paid in six equal instalments an-
nually from and after the said date, with interest at
the rate above mentioned on such portions of the pur-
chase money as may from time to time remain unpaid,

4. From>and after the 31st day of December next,
the price shall remain the same—that is $2.50 per acre
—for pre-emptions within the said belt, or within the
corresponding belt of any branch line of the said Rail-
way, but shall be paid in one sum at the end of three
years, or at such earlier period as the claimant may
have acquired a title to his homestead quarter-section.

5. Daminion Lands, the property of the Government,
within 24 miles of any projected line of railway recog-
nized by the Minister of Railways, and of which he has
given notice in the Official Gazette as being a project-
ed line of Railway, shall be dealt with as to price and
terms, as follows :—The pre-emptions shall be sold at
the same price and on the same terms as fixed in the
next preceding paragraph, and the odd-numbered sec-

’ 6. In all townships open for sale and settlement
within Manitoba or the North-West Territories, out-
side of the said Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the
even-numbered sections, except in the cases provided
for in clause two of these Regulations, shall be held
exclusively for homestead and pre-emption, and the

7. The lands described as public lands shall be sold
at the uniform price of $2 per acre, cash, excepting in
special cases where the Minister of the Interior, under
the provisions of section 4 of the amendment to the
Dominion Lands Act passed at the last session of Par-
liament, may deem it expedient to withdraw certain

put them up for sale at public auction to the highest
bidder, in which event such lands shall be put up at

8. Pre-emptions outside of the Canadian Pacific Rail-
way Belt shall be sold at the un‘form price of $2 per
acre, to be paid in one sum at the end of three years

from the date of entry, or at such earlier period as the
claimant may acquire a title to his homestead quarter-

of Manitoba or the North-West Territories, lying to the

ing to the extent of 320 acres of such section, but no

such license, shall, for the time being, be subject to .

company or individual at the price of $1.25 per acre to
be paid in cash. The company or individual will
further be protected up to the extent of £500, with six
per cent. interest thereon till paid, in the case of ad-
vances made to place families on homesteads, under
the provisions of section 10 of the amendments to the
Dominion Lands Acte hereinbefore mentioned.

15, In every such transaction, it shall be absolutely
conditional :

(a.) That the company or individual, as the case may
be, shall, in case of lands outside of the said Canadian
Pacific Railway Gelt, within three years of the cate of
the agreement with the Government, place two settlers
on each of the odd-numbered sections, and also two on
homesteads on each of the even-numbered sectionsem-
braced in the scheme of colonization.

(b.) That should the land applied for be situated
within the Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the company
or individual shall, within three yeare of the date of
the agreement with the Government, place twosettlers
on the half of each even numbered sect purchased
under the provision contained in paragraph 14, above
and also one settler upon each of the two quarter
tions remaining available for homesteads in
section.

(c ) That on the promoters failing within the period
fixed, to place the prescribed number of settlers, the
Governor in Council may cancel the sale and-the priv-
ilege of colonization, and resume possession of the
lands not settled, or charge the full price of $2 per
acre, or $2.50 per acre, as the case may be, for such
lands, a8 may be deemed expedient.

(d.) That it be distinctly understood that this policy
shall not only apply to schemes for colonization of the
public lands by Emigran‘s from Great Britain or the
European Continent.

Pasturage Lands.

16. The policy set forth as follows shall govern ap-
plications for lands for grazing purposes, and previous
to entertaining any application, the Minister of the
Interior shall satisfy himself of the good faith and
ability of the applicant to carry out the undertaking
involved in such application,

17. From time to time, as may be deemed expedient,
leases of such Townships, or portions of Townships, as
may be available for grazing purposes, shall be put up
at auction at an upset price to be fixed by the Minister
of the Interior, and sold to the highest bidder—the
premium for such leases to be paid in cash at the time
of the sale.

18. Such leases shall be for a period of twenty-one
years, and in accordance otherwise with the provisions
of section eight of the Amendment to the Dominion
Lands Act passed at the last Session of Parliament
hereinbefore mentioned. ‘

19. In all cases the area included in a lease shall be
in proportion to the quantity of the live stock kept
thereon, at the rate of ten acres of land to one head
of stock ; and the failure in any case of the lessee to
place the requisite stock upon the land within three
years from the granting of the lease, or in subsequent-
ly maintaining the proper ratio of stock to the area of
the leasehold, shall justify the Governor in Council in
cancelling such lease, orin diminishing proportionately
the area contained therein.

20. On placing the required proportion of stock
within the limits of the leasehold, the lessee shall have
the privilege of purchasing, and receiving a patent for,
a quantity of land covered by such lesse, on which to
construct the buildings necessary in connection there-
with, not to exceed five per cent, of the area of the
leasehold, which latter shall in no single case exceed
100,000 acres,

21. The rental for a leasehold shall in all cases be at
the rate of $10 per annum for each thousand acres in-
cluded therein, and the price of the land which may be
purchased for the cattle station referred to in the next
Preceding paragraph, shall be $1.25 per acre, payable in
cash.

Payments for Lands.

22. Payments for public lands and also for pre-emp-
tions made in cash, or in scrip, or in police or military
bounty warrants, at the option of the purchaser.

23. The above provisions shall not apply to lands
valuable for town plots, or to coalor other mineral
lands, or to stone or marble quarries, or to lands hay-
ing water power thereon; and further shall not, of
course, affect Sections 11 and 29 in each Township,
which are public school lands, or sections 8 and 26,
which are Hudson’s Bay Company’s lands.

J. S. DENNIS,
Deputy Minister of the Interior.
Linpsay RUSSELL,

Surveyor-General, 3L17

A. L, UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT. |
P. FREYSENG & CO.

PROPRIETORS OF THE

Dominion Cork Cutting Co

BY IMPROVED MACHINERY.

&s All kinds of Corks in stock and Cut to
Order. Corks & Life Preservers a Specialty.
Corkwood, Tinfoil, Capsules, Wire, &c.

71 Jarvis Street, TORONTO.

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

&27P.S.—Also on hand 120 M dry Oak 2to4 inches
thick, will be sold cheap to close it out. lyLlg

6L16

10 ¥

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

AMarket Aeports.

TORONTO. *
Fvom Our Own Correspondent,

Toronro, June 26.—Thereis nothing specially
new in regard to the lumber trade in this city.
Building still keeps active, and the first batch
started in the early spring are nearly completed
and the foundations for a large number more are
now being laid. More especially does the ad-
joining municipality of Parkdale present a
scene of activity in the building line, which
would well repay a visit from persons at a dis-
tance who felt interested in the onward march
of improvement.

Five years ago that which is now called the
village of Parkdale, was only a farm, called the
Col. O'Hara farm, now it numbers about two
thousand inhabitants, and still rapidly increas-
ing in numbers, and a large number of the
houses erected there would do credit to any city
in the Dominion.

An extensive system of drainage has also
been begun, at which a large number of baborers
are now engaged, so that altogether a busy
sight is now presented in this village. There
are three lumber yards in and adjoining the
village, and two planing mills with sash and
door factories combined, all of which are well
taxed to meet the demand of this aay,
alone.

One noticeable feature in the trade here at
present is the extreme scarcity of shingles, the
demand for which is far in excess of the supply;
this may be accounted for, not only by the
unusual demands for the local trade, but the
demands of our western trade also, which, since
the building’ of the H. & N.W. R.R., has been
constantly growing, so that large quantities of
lumber and shingles are diverted from their
coarse at Barrie, to points as far west as Lon-
don and Sarnia, and so far as I can learn, com-
mand better prices than that obtained here.

The want of cars is being felt severely here at
present, but the R.R. Company are striving to
meet the demand so far as lies in their power,
and this want of sufficient rolling stock will
doubtless be felt for some weeks yet to come,
In consequence of the lack of lumber for ship-
ment at this port, from causes before named,
many vessels have deserted this harbor for other
ports where freights are more easily obtainable,
and former rates for lumber to Oswego are fairly
maintained,

The views expressed in my former letter as to
the advance in prices on common lumber being
adhered to, already appear likely to be verified,
and my firm convictions are, that as soon as
lumber flats become more plentiful, prices will
level down to about their former figures, on all
the coarser grades of lumber; on the upper
grades present prices will likely be fully main-
tained to the close of the season. If we could
only succeed in obtaining a reduction of the
duties on common lumber to one dollar per M.,
it would materially help matters, but so long as
the present duties on the coarser grades of lum-
ber are levied, a large amount of such lumber
must be placed upon the home market, and low
prices rule as a consequence.

Receipts of lumber here per N. R. R. are
exceedingly small, owing to the change of gauge
having only been completed as far south as
Allandale, so that all lumber shipped north of
that place for this city must be transhipped in
order to reach here, and there is no lumber of
any consequence this side of Allandale except
that owned by Thompson, Smith & Son, there-

fore the receipts for shipment and the local |

trade is very meagre at present. Owing to the
want of unity amongst the retailers, as mention-
ed in my last letter, prices keep fluctuating,
each dealer watching the other for fear of being
undersold in the market, and yet plenty for all
to do, and a fair remuneration upon all sales
made might as well be had as not. To show
to what degree this feeling is carried, it is only
requisite to notice the shingle trade as it exists
at present. Manufacturers are demanding $2.10
per M. at the mills for XXX shingles, freight
to Toronto 25c. per M. and cartage from cars to
the yards 5c., so that the net cost to the retailer
is $2.40, and the dealer retails them at $2.50 and

requently the builders’ paper taken at 90 days,

and sight drafts accepted from the manufac-
turer. A more suicidal way of doing business
in this one particular could hardly be imagined.
The lath trade also is cut about as close as the
shingle trade, and all for The same reasons,
which is tantamount to saying we would rather
do a trade for nothing than let our neighbor
gain any advantage over us, and the sooner this
state of things is abolished the better for the
retailers’ pocket. The shingle manufacturer
demands all the state of the market warrants,
and has, during the last six months, steadily
advanced his prices from $1.80 at the mill to
$2.10, the present quotation, and yet the yard-
men sell at precisely the same figures.

The demand for cherry lumber in this market
is much in excess of the supply, and good tim-
ber, especially if cut into 5x5, 6x6, 8x8, and
10x10 in., will bring good prices ; the same re-
marks will apply to butternut cut into 1-in., 14-
in., 2-in. and 3-in. There is also a good demand
for white and black ash lumber at fair figures.

Prices at the yards rule as follows :—

Mill cull boards and seantling cokes wieleipatarel state sae $9 00
Shpping eull boards, promiscous widths.........
10 and 12 in. stocks.........

Scantling and joist, up to 16 Bees
Fi ft.
22 ft.
24 ft.
26 ft.
28 ft.
30 ft.
82 ft.
34 ft.
36 ft.
38 ft..
40 to 44 f

“ “ce “
be “ “
“ “ “
“ “e “
“ “ “ac
“ “cr be
“ “e ce
“a “cc pay
“ “e “
“ “ “
“e “ce “ce

Cutting up plank and boards...... 16 00
Sound dressing stocks...........++ 15 00
Picks Am. inspection, .)..c%. 0: anoweerseoes ++. 24 00
Three uppers, Am. inspection...........-.e000. 32 00
1}- inch dressed flooring aipinineid able aie, Weatele nisialiee sus 28 00
BA EE SE EY bed vatark 8 e/a bie boii lata a tetatele ela nh 24 00
Livnwet ut EY TO oie tera cy 20 00
XXX sawn shingles, @M.....0..65 eocecsnce soe 2 60
LietiTi er sieiein;o:4; ini (0 4 siorslainl els clei elee}e.etalatainih alse nial Bele 1 55
— > ———-

OSWEGO, N.Y.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Osweco, June 24, 1881.—The demand for
good lumber has been quite slack for the past
two weeks, and there seems a disposition
amongst some of the dealers to accept lower
prices on uppers. Good mill run lots, however,
are still in demand, and selling at prices quoted.
The stock of dry lumber is ample for the pre-
sent. The new cut is now arriving quite freely,
and the yards will soon have asurplus of green
lumber, which must be dried out some before it
will be fit for the market ; a calm time is now
looked for until after harvest. Shingles are in
good demand, the wet weather having caused
dealers to anticipate an increased consumption;
prices are still strong at the quotations, but no
probabiuty of any advance.

Lake freights from north shore ports, 90c.
Canal, $1.60 to Albany and $2.20 to New York.

Shipments east to interior are quite light.
Receipts to date :—
PESO Wiis vie cleleleieloelelsicenigivi siete ete kieiamioteys 63,000,000
TSB Oe he Aa ee 50,000,000
Quotations are as follows :—
THES TAMPONS cc ieicicieisieicie sieluievelnteleiesiarertete $42 00@45 00
PICKINGS) ;.,.cfaie's ofsiclas el | nuvi oe) cise cians €) Ce ORCHID GU
Fine, common and dressing. .....+++.. 5.5 20 00@25 00
GomMIONs s:a:c)aie/aie sielnsiew ale olen emiee tee eee 14 00@16 00
Cull sii. isniesicecuecsivavcecinven sectutuyewe 11 00@13 00
IMGT) Ur GES A lcin nie eherelevevarote cfetatbietels Boing 17 00@22 00
Sidings, selected, 1, l}inch............. 30 00@37 00
Mill run, 1x10, 12in..........08 ereween es 16 00@21 00
Selected ASIKe., ( ghdtebtedale ® tuemeetiaehs e 20 00@25 00
Strips, 1 land 1} inch mill run..... eee eee 14 00@18 00
Lu Se CUlIBiwansieuseh + 10 00@13 00
1x6 selected for clapboards.......++s00.. 25 00@35 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, PINSMy.cceiceeeee 3 75@ 0 00
eis lele Wie erm Wb Side 2 75@ 0 00
SOK 18 inch, COGAR a. cceehbisw 3 00@ 3 00
XX, SCP Rea reeset acl 2 25@ 2 26
THE. o's.sielaetaaiesaieleiniemeferelelosiniat wikleeieeiemeis 1 40@ 1 40
——__oe—____——__

SAGINAW VALLEY.

Bay Crry, Mich., June 21, 1881.—The Zum-
man’s Gazette says the market continues active
and prices steady and unchanged. Sales have
been less numerous, the spring rush being about
over. Another cause has operated to decrease
the number of sales, and that is, the large
amount of lumber on the river already sold,
which is estimated as amounting to a quantity
greater than can be sent forward in a full
month. The figures are stated at 165,000,000
feet. That there should be a letting up in pur
chases under the circumstances is not remark
able. Still we hear of sales at market rates of
lumber yet in the log. When stock is disposed
of in this manner it is a sure indication of .a
firm market and unusual confidence in the situ-

ation remaining favorable for some time to
come,

Shingles are in active demand with less than
enough offering to supply the market. Prices
are firm at the following quotations: Country
brands $1.85@2.00 for clear butts and $2.85@
3.00 for XXX; river brands $2.00@2.10 for
clear butts and $3.00@3.15 for XXX.

Hoops are wanted at $3.30@3. 25.

The shipments of forest products from Bay
City by water for the week ending June 18th
and for the season to same date were as follows :

BAY CITY—THE WEEK,

position noted last week. The pressure upon
the mills has been somewhat relieved through

the ‘‘catching up,” on many of the heavier con- _

tracts, and all have more or less business on
hand, and agents are in constant receipt of a ~ ”
fair run of new orders,

Hardwoods are firmly sustained and in good

-demand, Indeed buyers are more anxious if

anything, and some who early in the season re-
fused to submit to the rates asked on walnut
now seem to regret their action, though the re-
gret comes too late to secure much stock. -
Shingles sell readily on most home outlets

Lumber, feet........ apie Males nae cic sais x 20,227,432 d
nome Reestyr _ at full rates with the supply not very
Shingles. 360,000 | abundant,
Lath ies y acssinade abeceteiar hae a eee rete 420,000 wr. ee
SLAVERPs ema tric ae vcttececetercein ele nietometbie ea 205,000 <
Timber, feet..........086 Gumksc ura attendee de 24,000 Ww AREARE: u
701i wre SRACOW, _We have not any change to note in our quota-
Lumber, HOG sz 0 cciac'aiap's Weihealalsiole sleisigialtinttalcts 126,331,269 | tions for pine lumber ; the market is firmly held
Fase es ci rekesdoateccmee ase omines 371, ; : .
Pra a Vp pean OIE tO "G'258,000 | With a steady business. The quantity of lum-
Hoops Negra dlee stsis/s.<sunta sip phate Ne toate 4,250,600 ber moving from the district, from the river and
ve AAA conse seemansuraiaartearnns 537,081 - .
Shooks batdedesn Stoo hichis fe adsis ety otSae same 104,000 canal sides, is about up to the average. Phila-
SAlbee BEG: « iisss' sels nn WRICS eo) Cee 15,500 | delphia was represented among the buyers in
OGY TIOSIB S510 0.010 \e'0:0 eas eeu « pul ya yieiay sleet 1,847 ay ae
Timber, feeble cceeeesene senasceees 45,000 | this district. The large and general consump-

Shingles. ease aia
LAG sd case vives sesso sv sles enlist be tree sicces oe

TOTAL FROM THE RIVER.

The total shipment of lumber, lath and
shingles from the river to date, with compari-
sons, ’ as follows :

1880. 1881.
Lumber. . . -211,650,362 164,839, 2€6
Shingles 35,320,000 31,558,600
LAGS il. nicstacens neteanee cy 12,969,650 2,746,000

Freights remain steady and unchanged at
$2.50@2.75 to Ohio ports and $3.00@3.25 to
Buffalo and Tonawanda, the outside figures
being from up-river points.

General quotations here are :—

Shippin Ficus siscisisicinpre occ cee es sdisngabw x $6 00@ 8 00
COMMON . «vid. ce veined ccnvecearenuases poe 12 16 00
DRYPS MPPATLGs civivien ass cccnce wn Gennseceae 30 00@36 00

RAILROAD FREIGHTS.

The following are the present railroad freight
tariffs from the Saginaw Valley to principal
points, for 10 tons, as reported by- Mr. O,
Waters, Commercial Agent M.C.R.R.:

Allan, INS <Acisins'soupatacuslis sip emeatesann s..352 00
Burlington, V6......ccsuucccscceetnosseceeuccsss 84 00
Builalo, N, Viivies ois sonvenciva vaduceyapasvesueatan 33 00
Boston, Maas. .cvcecstawetedtes sentceasetnseus 68 00
New York City.ccccccnccvseccscsosteusvedscecce 58 00
New Haven, C6. owcc ccc. vecccctinns (vesenseh xaaes 68 00
Portland, Mae svvascusear ap¥acesenha=Gelatcewase 68 00
Rochester, N.Y . 43 00
Rome, N.Y.. .. 55 00
Syracuse, N. Y.. - 53 00
Springfield, Mass, - 68 00
Schenectady, N.Y . 52 00
Utica, N-X... 4a. ... F6 00
Worcester, Mang: ..c...<.ccchpeucesteuwns) ce ovenell 68 00

NEW YORK.

We still notice an absence of anything in the
way of extravagant views or an inclination to
talk ‘* boom,” but there is a well preserved tone
of quiet confidence which carries strong convic-
tion to searchers after information. In short,
while receivers, dealers, &c., have really nothing
positively new to report this week, they reiter-
ate the former cheerful statements regarding
the present and prospective condition of the
market with such unanimous voice as to leave
no room to doubt the healthy state of trade.
Irregularities crop out occasionally as a natural
result of any large business, and shrewd or
lucky buyers will gain some advantage, but the
changes are slight and generally only tempor-
ary, more especially on first-class goods, of
which a scarcity prevails in all grades of lumber.
The distribution of supplies is general, includ-
ing building, manufacturing, domestic ship-
ment and export, and the accumulation in
hand said to be smaller than usual for tliis sea-
son of the year.

Spruce of good quality can find an outlet for
all manufacturers appear ready to offer, and no
very heavy concession on price would be neces-
sary, except under an unusual liberal accumula-
tion of cargoes. Shippers, however, who send
in all sorts of cuts and assortments, with the
schedules containing a large percentage of in-
ferior stuff, and expect to find buyers ready to
grab the offering as soon as made, will be sadly
disappointed,

White pine has accumulated to some extent,
but the amount is not sufficient to have the
least influence upon the position of the market,
indeed could be materially increased before
attracting much attention.

tion of lumber throughout the country gives
much firmness to the market here and the confi-

ie expectation of high prices in the near

uture, especially for best grades. The Michi-
gan and Canadian markets are very strong.
Hardwoods are steadily held with a good
business, ;
Coarse lumber is in good demand at quota-
tions, which are very firmly held ; the Northern
mills are without their needed supply of water ;

the condition of the Hudson river here shows .*

how light the fall of rain has been on the upper
branches of that stream, -

The receipts of lumber by lake at Buffalo for
the week ending June 20th, were 7,248,000 feet
and by rail 110 cars,

The receipts by canal at Albany from the
opening of navigation to,June 15th were :

Boardsand Shingles, M. Timber,

gree: St. cub. ft. bb.
1881.... 59,948,000 48 eecece 459,000
1880... she 85,978,400 100 See> | > eenbnn

Freights from Oswego to Albany, $1.60@1.65.
From Ottawa to Albany, by boats, $3.00@3.50
? M. feet.—Albany Argus.

River freights are :—

To New York, @ M&K, .nensucsuveenneeee $
To Bridgeport owe ecbed ccs eens eae manaeRon
To New Haveii. ...<cossess cpu seesenanuee
To Providence, Fall River and Newport...

To Pawtucket. ov... ccc cccscssecdsseueneune
To Norwalk........ eevcee eee cocpecntvens
To Harvtiord.......:s 000 esanuunenee wee ecce
To Norwich... cccccesccccnctasensssabebee

To New London.......ss<nssssasseneee
To Philadelphia... ...ss.ccaueceneueaen

Quotations at the yards are as follows :—
Pine, clear, 8 M.....-....ceeeeeeeeeeeee®

nese

setunidlees
SARSSSSUSSS

Pine, good
Pine, 10-in. plank, each..
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, each...
Pine boards, 10-In. ......2eeeeeeeee cote st
Pine, 10-in. boards, culls.......++....++.+
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 haga Dus danuere
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16
Pine, 12-in. boards, ++
Pine, 1} in. siding, select. . once caseen
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common.... ...
Pine, 1-in. siding, select......
Pine, inch siding, common.
Spruce, a

|

at

Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each. or
Hemlock, joist, 2}x4, each .
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4, each
Ash, good, B

Cherry, good, @ M
Cherry, : common, ® M..

Unni eromn RRB RRR RE SSSESSSSUEREEMRNKSSE SHS

iinet

Oak, good, seve nucskeeenee oVesbecane
Oak, second quality, hoes ae ute nn seine
Basswood, @ M.. Se
Hickory, ES) Mi. wer teaben CWA she Ns ceeeeee
Maple, Canada, @ M..- se wnwusne wevecnces
Chestnut, @ M.......0e008.. Weanke nonsen

Shingles, are a OB MM. ivve Cus cde
ALI. . ..--ccasens= eee

= one sawed, PENG. wetee. cones

ss clea, . -» *- .> . SER
cedar, dua SK

Re — pee Bee pe epee

5 MIOCK. 0000 ve ecevccsecceess
Lath, hemlock, B BM... wwcac ens ch an eens
Lath, spruce, “S weeeeseeeeeeeee Seeeee
Lath, pine, eae dw eC Ss Se

—_~_>—_——_—_———__

RECEIPTS AND SHIPMENTS AT OSWEGO,
According to the Oswego Palladium the re-

Yellow pine does not vary greatly from the Pout

Oat wk Bt ee Te ee I be. Be

a oe C Of 2 a wh pe ee

<.*

i CHICAGO.
© Cuicaco, June 22, 1881.—There has been a
larger supply of lumber at the docks this week,
, though it moved rather slowly at first, at
writing is about all sold. The commission
claim that it sells readily, and attribute the
ness of the market the early part of the
k to the fact that the yard docks were so
filled that there were few buyers who could
id room for any more vessels,
Th ere are some country buyers on thé market,
| they do not take many of the cargoes,
ving, it is said, to the difficulty they have in
x transportation for them, Sales are
‘ore mostly on local account, though’ some
goes direct from the dock to points in
tate, wa the canal. The city dealers buy
ly when they are able to give the vessel a

The market appeared a shade weaker in res-
ect to prices on Monday, but we have not
ed of any sales below last week’s quota-
, and this morning the market is as firm as
ithas been. Inferior piece stuff brings $10, and
standard is said by some to be quotable at
0.50, but there seems to be considerable doubt
mt this. Probably anything of ordinary
h would not sell above $10.25, though an
mixture of longer lengths would easily raise
he price. We think $10@10.25 is as fair a
J on as could be made. Inch lumber is

ady, and without quotable change in price.
od lumber is in demand, and choice cargoes,
h are occasionally offered, sell easily on
merits, Shingles are quoted higher this
than they have previously been, standards
g at $2.55@2.60, and extra A’s at $2.70@
One exceptionally good cargo was held at
and we believe has been placed at that
re. Lath are without change.
ere is some fear among buyers that an ad-
ice in yard prices at the meeting to be held
Monday will be followed by a similar change
he dock, but some of the commission men
m to be of a different opinion. They look
or a rather quiet market for a couple of weeks,
nd regard an attempt to raise the present

es as inadvisable,
ights are easier, but not so much so as to
duce a definite change in rates. Shippers
d lower rates to-day, but we understand
ssel could be found to accept them, and we
of several parties who were obliged to pay
ld figure.
Receipts and shipments of lumber and shingles
he week ending June 21:

CARGO QUOTATIONS :

nd scantling, green.«............-§ $10 00@10 25
choice green 16 50@21 00

n, medium, GTC. ee eee sense 12 50@16 50
n, common, Share 0 pao 11 00@13 50
PRIOMMANST i - . |p sia - clei sole» » 2 2 55@2 60

: ibid 2 3 $B ase Aer eee 2 70@2 75

1 60@1 75

Se ee eee ee)

Receipts. Shipments.
Iumber. Shingles. Lumber. Shingles.

es 000 33,802,000 27,003,000 4,576,000
256,000 16,703, 000 17,924,000 2, 000, 000

jute and shipments of lumber and
s from January 1 to and including June

Receipts. Shipments.
Tumber. Shingles. “Lumber. Shingles,

595,171,090 219,401,000 327,059,000 57,178,000
220,000 23, 395, 000 277, ‘613, 000 43, 243, ;000

2is no doubt but that a majority of the
men are haying all the business they want
do. Many of them are free to admit that

do not solicit trade, have called home their
ling men, and cannot properly attend to
‘mail orders. Some of them are a month
d with their shipments, owing largely to
it they have to get off, and in some
4 certain extent to the difficulty they
in St picking up the amount and kinds re-
1, Country dealers with whom we have
y they never saw the dealers here so
t about making sales,
ures presented above show that the

he district has been a busy, one, The

(0,000 for the correspond-
year, Heavy as these ship-

THE CANADA

ments are, our best advices show that, except in
some of the larger towns, yards are not as yet
being stocked, from which it is naturally de-
duced that there will be a still heavier trade
later on in the season.

It may be said now that every dealer is sell-
ing up to the Exchange list, so far as they are
able to do so. There are several dealers who
have advanced prices, and have sent out lists to
that effect. The ones we have seen quote inch
and two-inch rough and dressed lumber fifty
cents higher ; scantling, 2x12 joist and timber,
$1; siding and 2-ceiling twenty-five cents, and
all grades of shingles fifteen cents.—WNorth-
western Lumberman.

COMMON BOARDS—ROUGH.

Dry.
Common boards, 12 in....,..++ me leivietersntole revlon: $15 50
10 and 20 ft.........cccersseees ousrescecs ase. 14 50
LDF TAR Grea S i £65100 01e 16:e)s)eisie(eisie\e.sis\a:s/n/0i0)¢ls eines 13 50
GyISRA IN PIOR Cb aS eres alse cielo le lelajrisisivieisiavelels\p\+'«/¢1er= a's 11 50
1} and 14com........ elatelstafesil=\stcratsiefeleiiersisietsictsiaie 13 50

TIMBER AND DIMENSION—DRY.

Small timber, 18 ft. and under............0.s005 $12 00
12, 14, 16 and 18 ff. joist... ...seeeseseereveranee 13 00
KEI Graal PVants Magoyeeduoon ooo DOtucrnnnE. ope 14 00
RAMU L rae tefeete = ei Alelx s/nistoloicis/a°W jmiatalale sha\n/ avi eisls)avale 13 00
PAVERS 5 GEC Are TOQe ape c OOO NE FAmtIOn CHOON ICR 14 00
ZLACEE awn tars sis neva veacsilvrennsce ei mased rrean 17 00
ATC CU sis eialetelat= losis leva yeistniefeistsiske\sveus/<lelsletelatoie/asakefets 17 00
ZGHECEL elevate niall ois/sininjuiele}a/sfalatelel6)=\0(0}si0 ojo ie ininin, sein, e\ris 20 00
DESC Hamme ata tee tate miatelor=ialatelatehets)sielavsle’ui<iainfe el sistofelars 20 00
SUMMEEL cel elaleteleleralalstesciaie eieymteye! syateinvain ese)eiaiarsyolay moia}a/~ 20 00
2 in. cull plank, all widths...... ..s.seeveeesss 9 00
DXA culls all JEN tH, : viele sitet eevee prenets veeeess 9 50
eee Se
BOSTON.

The Journal of Commerce of June the 25th
says: The market continues very firm. Western
Inmber is fairly active, with dealers stong.
Southern and Canada pine are in fair supply,
with holders firm. Hardwoods are in good de-
mand and scarce.

CANADA PINE.

Selects, Dressed. ......c.seeeeeceeseceace $48 00@50 00
Shelving, Dressed, IstS........ seceree » 40 00@42 00
do do ANOS orotate letetatatelstaiclols) ate 33 00@35 00
Dressed Shippers.....+-... seeeeeererens 27 00@29 00
ID TELE) saber HO DOO eoserORDEOdos Io 18 00@20 00
Sheathing, Ist quality........eeeeeeeeees 42 00@45 00
Me DIAM OMIA S er ieetslercrciati sini stecis' 34 00@35 00
rd
TONAWANDA.

The Northwestern Lumberman says that trade
is moderately active as. regards sales, which are
made at firm prices. Rrceipts are quite heavy
for the past week, footing up 24,065,000 feet of
pine, whichis the largest amount yet reported
this season. There is no change in lake frieghts.
Canal frieghts to Albany and New York remain
as at last report, $2.15 and $2.75 respectively.
There has been no change in prices, either of
lumber or shingles. The present condition of
the market here very much affects sales, as
dealers in the interior do not seem inclined to
stock up very heavily at present rates.

An important business change has been effect-
ed here during the past week. The extensive
lumber business of the late firm’ of McGraw &
Co., and more recently of the late Ira 8. Ben-
nett, has been purchased by the Export Lumber
Company (limited), of 87 Wall street, New
York. It has a capital of $150,000, and is a
large institution, dog mostly an export busi-
ness, as its name indicates. The concern has
bonded yards at Hunter’s Point, Long Island,
and Hochelaga dock, Montreal, in addition to
its New York branches and its fine property in
Tonawanda. The yards here will be stocked
up at once with the product of western mills,
The local manager, Mr. Mackintosh, arrived
this morning, and has assumed control. The
market quotations are as follows :—

CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION,

PEBY CERT DELS si<10\0)0)o18/ole1sivicis's a (ain\n'clelo(sisioieio\e $38 00@43 00

COmUN ny aemaleicictls oc\cisicfeistelefa. Sir nce soe 17 50@20 00

CPS Hetitete inicinie'p\e vis «\ai=) chee) wiale« elnicjate oietsia.< 11 50@12 50
—__@

MINNEAPOLIS,

The Lumberman and Manufacturer of June
23rd says that taking into account the supply,
demand and prices, the lumber trade was never
in a more satisfactory condition than it is now
in the west. The volume of business seems to
to be increasing daily and the tendency is
toward better prices on all standard goods.
There are some manifest discrepancies which
should be adjusted, for instance, when common
logs are worth $10@11 at Stillwater and ordin-
ary mill run lumber in rafts bring $15@16, yard
prices for first common boards and dimension
should not stand at Ou, nor 26 foot heavy
stuff at $18.

The fight at Ohieade ofer-p prices is keeping

docks and sends it to the yards or keeps it at

11

LUMBERMAN.

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS!

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by the

CANADIAN

pam Users Insurance Association

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO.

GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.
A, J. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer.

SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President.

HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres. ly1l7

quietness in the city, some of the neighbouring
towns and villages, especially districts having
close railway connection, are and
the wages of house
| ady ancing.

The Timber Trades Journal of the 11th ult.,
says: The imports for the week have
three cargoes of pitch pine timber and a miscel-
laneous assortment of various woods per steam-
ships, comprising several superior parcels of Ist
quality broad pine deals from Quebec (Messrs.
Edmiston & Mitchells, consignees,) and sundry
lots of walnut, wainscot, and whitewood logs,
and oak planks and staves, by the New York
and Baltimore steam-liners. The imports" at
Grangemouth, from Norway and the Baltic
ports, have been comparatively light as yet.

There has been no public sale here of the new
arrivals of Quebec pine deals, but it is under-
stood one is to be held next week, result of
which will be duly reported.

Messrs. Singleton, Dunn & Co.’s Glasgow
circular of June 9th says: )
languid, and prospects are far from encouraging.
Although shipbuilding is brisk, the demand for
timber for that trade is light, owing to purchases
on an extensive scale having been made when
contracts for ships were negotiated. House-
building and other industries are depressed,
and, in consequence, the demand for timber
suitable for their requirements is limited. North
of Europe goods are not so firm ; indeed, are
distinctly lower in price, with a tendency to
decline more. We trust that shipments of all
kinds of Canadian wood goods will be restricted,
as in the aspect of affairs just stated, it would
be most injudicious to seriously augment the too
large stock now being carried over. Auction
sales during the last two months were only
moderately successful.

the bulk of the lumber away from the auction

the mills. So far there has been no material | fairly busy,
break there from spring prices. The manufac-
turers are talking up an advance and a few have
issued new li8ts 50 cents better.

St. Louis is selling more lumber than ever
before, the trade now reaches nearly 10,000,000
feet per week. Some of the leading houses
have been forced to Michigan and Chicago for
dry sorts to fill up the yards, and prices are
very firm. Heavy winds and storms during the
last two weeks has kept back rafts and made re-
ceipts light.

There is now all over this region a strong dis-
position to advance prices from $1 to $2.

ee
LIVERPOOL.

The business of this port has been for the past
week very limited, and has shown a marked
decrease from the preceding portion of the
month. Much of the large consumption and
the busy aspect of affairs is attributable to the
fact of large purchases being made by public
companies in addition to the auction sales, and
the forwarding of these goods alone is enough to
give a lively appearance to the quays and
wharves. Reading the quantities shipped during
the past month in comparison with those of last
year at the same time, the business done ap
pears in a very favourable light, but when it is
considered that much of it is the result of
auction sales and of large orders from public
companies, and taken also in conjunction. with
the fact that the stocks on hand are most ex-
cessive, it may be at once concluded that the
present condition of the timber trade here is
not what it ought to be.

The Zimber Trades Journal of June 11th,
says: There is no change to report in prices,
either in retail or wholesale transactions.
Freights from St. John, N.B., are low, and
several steamers have been chartered for spruce
deals, although only twoare reported as coming
to Liverpool.

These goods form nearly the only exception
in the list given in our last, in which the stocks
of this year are so greatly in excess of last year
at this time, the quantities on hand being only
1,000 standards in excess, and there is a growing
feeling that the prices now ruling are probably
the lowest that will be touched ; but, of course,
much will depend upon the extent of the im-
port.

joiners in these places are

bee n

Business continues

MISCELLANEOUS.

At Muskegon on the 11th June, the Torrent
& Arms Lumber Company sold 4,000,000 feet of
lumber, half at $15.75-and half at $9 per 1,000
D. A. Blodgett sold 1,000,000 feet piece-stuff at
$8 per 1,000 feet on the dock.

Tr is stated that the English capitalists who
had proposed to buy out the Guelph Lumber
Company for $1,000,000, have decided to back
out from the enterprise after receiving reports
from their experts. °

Messrs. CrincH & Sons, Point Wolf, N.B.,
are getting a new engine for their mill. It is
constructed by Waring, St. John, and has some
new features in its construction. Since the re-
cent rains, this firm has about seven million
feet of logs in their pond.

On Friday the 17th June, in Mr. William
Tait’s mill, Gravenhurst, while the saw was
running free, and the guide about to be adjust-
ed, both the saw pulley and the tightener pulley
burst, a large piece of metal striking David
Bone, jr., of Oro, in the neck, throwing him a
distance of twelve feet, and instantly killing
him. Another piece of the pulley, flying in an
opposite direction, slightly wounded Thomas
Donaldson on the arm and head. At the time
of the accident the saw was not running at even
ordinary speed, and but an instant before the
pulleys were running true and smoothly, every
precaution being taken by Mr. Tait, who was
absent at the time, to ensure strength and pre

———_—__
GLASGOW.

The arrivals to Clyde ports for the week of
American timber and parcels from Sweden and
Norway amount to say 1,900 loads sawn and
1,630 loads hewn, consisting chiefly of pitch
pine, with sundry parcels of deals and battens,
&e.

The public sale held at Greenock on the 31st
ult., was well attended, and a considerable
quantity of wood of various descriptions was
disposed of at fair rates.

During the past month the tonnage launched
on the Clyde reached a high total, viz., 28 ves-
sels, with an ageregate of 36,500 tons. For the
previous month (April) the returns amounted to
30,000 tons, whilst since 1874 the largest figure
for May has been 21,000 tons (in 1879). There
is stilla large amount of work on hand, and a
few good orders were booked during the month. | vent accidents. The deceased was much liked

With regard to housebuilding it “may be | by those who knew him, and his funeral, which
observed that, although there is still a marked | took place on Sunday, was largely attended.

| LUMBER MERCHANTS. . ul =
OAK HALI, i

12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

| The Largest Manufacturers of
oer a eee eee aw SHEET IRON ROOFING
Lumber from BRYCE BROS. to [Build the Canada Pacific Railway !

Lt ££ _£ 4.4

oe} IN THE UNITED STATES.

e Can give the Best of References in
5 every State and Territory.

Lie}

= |POTTER IRGN ROOFING COMP’Y,

101, 103 and 105 West Front Street,
CINCINNATI.
All Kinds of CORRUGATED IRON Furnished.

TORONTO.

Send for Illustrated Circulars, naming THE CANADA FH
LUMBERMAN, 12u11

yeorjg o1rejUQ 1¢

Office and Yard
Cor. Berkeley & Front Sts.

| Ve ENS ~
bo
U\\ ,

BLAKE—“It looks like good, clear stuff. It strikes me it is about
the only clear thing in the whole business.” ‘

Nos. 115, £17, (19, £21, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.
We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.
We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS. |
NOTE THE PRICES.

We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........66 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 1 50
We give a Good Overalls for.......-...... O 85

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto,jopposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. ly113

Diploma & Medal for Best Square Piano

ea
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MANUFACTURERS,
&

GUEBLPE

t

f@- SEND FOR CATALOGUE.-@R

RAINER, SWEETNAM & HAZELTON

=
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Yay OT ey

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:

catia,
The Rainer Piano Always Triumphant!

At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, lst Prize,
At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition

At Brantford Southern Fair

At Guelph Central Exhibition

National Manufacturing Company

202 SPARKS STRERT, OTTAWA.

——

C RIVERS HANITON sucess

MONA IRON WORKS

aha A IVE CoN, |. GaN

J. H. KILLEY & C9

Manufacturers of Economical, Variable, Cut-off, High Pressure, and

Condensing Hngines

Patent Circulating and Self-Cleansing Boilers, Improved Feed Water Heaters and
Patent Steam Blast Apparatus for Improving Draft and Economizing Fuel,

First-class Grist & Saw Mill Engines and Machinery) = xyes. ae

STEAM ROAD ROLLERS and STONE BREAKERS. ew|wn a ro

4

eo

_ THE CANADA LUM is doa ]

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limite

HAMILTON,

GAL INFUA SED) AL?

GILBERT HART, Detroit, . JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. : Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

-PORUNDUM WHEELS

SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SAW GUMMING

poither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

F : We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLY & DIETRICH, Galt; Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO., St. Catharines; JAMES ROBERTSON, Ese.,
Montreal; Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO., Toronto. We also refer to WILLIAM HAMILTON, HEsq., Peterborough,
Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners; and to Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON, Deseronto, Lumber Merchants. Biyrig

We RECHIV HD

14 THE CANADA

EE. JD TAO Naar O.-

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BELTING

Z gs First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ........ sneesees Ottawa,
kd \ First Prize, Provincial Exhibition............. Hamilton,
{ We. )} First Prize, Provincial Exbibition...... ......... London,
YS — | First Prize, Industrial Exhibition.......... ++... Toronto,
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ............... Toronto,

International Medal, Centennial Ex........Philadelphia,

81 Colborne Street, Toront

PORTABLE
Saw Mills, Grist Mills and Shingle Mills

DOUBLE EDGERS, LUMBER TRIMMERS.

yaerTHE MIXTER SAW GUMMER IS KING.

MORE GUMMERS and SWAGES sold the past year than ever before. The great and con-
stantly increasing demand for the “MIXTER GUMMER” settles the question of its efficiency
and superiority over all other Gummers in Market.

The following is a fair sample of the many flattering testimonials which are constantly pour-
ing in upon us :—

6117

O.

West Troy, N., Y.
DEAR Srrs—Your Patent, Automatic, Self-Feeding Saw Gummer is a perfect success.
Yours, &e.,, EH. MORS & CO., Lumber & Timber Dealers,

WATSON, EFFINGHAM Co., Illinois.
GENTS—I am using one of your Patent Automatic Self-Feeding Saw Gummers at each of my
three mills, and I would not take one hundred dollars for it if I could not get another like it,
Yours traly, WM. ANDERSON.

. CoRINTH, Miss,

GENTLEMEN—The Patent Automatic Self-Feeding Saw Gummer we bought of you just fills
the bill exactly. We gummed asixty-inch saw with sixty teeth, cutting on an average of three-
fourths inch deep to each tooth, with one cutter without sharpening it.

Respectfully yours, WHEELER & WILLIS.

THE CUTTER OR BURR referred to in the above, (} in.) cost 90 CENTS, it takes one-half
minute to each tooth, and the saw is gummed without removing it from the mandrel. Z28"ALL
SAWY ERS know this is a great advantage, besides a saving in time.

We challenge ANY saw tool manufacturer in the United States to produce such an array of
unsolicited testimonials as we have received for our GUMMER AND SWAGHE,

Of course we have not room here for an extended list.

Our goods are now so well established throughout the country, that information can be easily
obtained as to their practical working from any of the Several Thousand Sawyers who haye
them in use.

In short the MIX TER GUMMER is pronounced by ail to be the ** BOSS GUMMER.”?

Send for circular and price list with cash discounts,

EWAN CHAIN for Sawdust Carriers, Live Rolls, &c. SAWS and Saw Furnishings.

Waterous Engine Works Co., Brantford, Canada
The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.

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CGCHATHOAUY WAM

International Medal and Diploma, Sydney, Australia, 1877
6LEI ‘“UOMIGIGxXA [Bluysnpu] ‘UBIO I0[1e8q JOJ [epey AIUO
SLI ‘UOMIGIgxA [eloulAOIg ‘UBSIO 1JO[IVeg 103 jepeyw AlIUO

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The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the faétthat
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best inthe market. We GUARANTEE ALL
OUR ORGANS for five years. Correspondence inyited. Illustrated Catologue mailed free.

VV". ? SES ane 5 BG a

17 41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GUELPH, Ont,

LUMBERMAN,

Penetanguishene Foundry

MACE NE SEorY
CRAIG & CAMERON, Proprietors.

The undersigned beg to announce to the public that
they are prepared to make all kinds of Mill and
Steamboat Brass and Iron Castings.

All kinds of PLOW CASTINGS kept on hand. Plow
Points and Landsides a specialty.

We have first-class machinery and are prepared to do
all kinds of TURNING or PLANING on short notice.

We hope by strict attention to business and moderate
charges, to merit a share of the public patronage.

Az All work guaranteed.

G. A. CRAIG.

ly117 C. CAMERON.

SALE BY TENDER

OF EXTENSIVE STEAM

Saw-Milling Property

Parry Harbour, Georgian Bay, and
Valuable Timber Limits in the
Parry Sound District.

The SAW-MILL is complete in its appointment, and
has a cutting capacity of 90,000 to 100,000 feet per day
of twelve hours.

The LIMITS cover an area of 229 square miles in the
Townships of Monteith, Humphrey, Christie, Ferguson,
Hagerman, McKellar, Spence, and Shawanaga, besides
the purchased rights to cut the timber from numerous
lots in the same Townships, and contain a large quan-
tity of standing pine.

The whole establishment is in complete condition and
active operation, and is excellently situated for the man-
ufacture, sale and shipment of timber.

Tenders for the whole property, including plant, will
be received until the 20th August next, addressed to the
General Manager, Ontario Bank, Toronto, by whom
terms of payment and any further information will be
furnished on application. No tender will be accepted
unless satisfactory to the vendors. 4.17

KERK bas,

PRACTICAT,

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw and Flour Mill Machinery,

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS.

Ze Plans and Specifications on application. “EEX

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881. 12116

3

a
=)

ra ; =
iB
Burdock BLOOD B

Burdock Healing Ointment should be
used in connection with Burdock Blood Bitters for

curing

Ulcers, Abscesses, Fevers, Sores, &c. Price
25 cents pur box. R ss

T. MILBURN & CO., t
. Sore Acsnts, Toronta

F

IRWIN & BOYD

4
“a
ria

Commission —
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,
ShippingsGeneral Agents
PORT HOPE

-ELEGTRO& STEREO TY
26 COLBORNE $

—_—_

ToroNTO

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent,
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.

FLEMING & SON,

L14 26 Colborne St., Toronte.

. pe
<a

oP
wy ll

S/ey a

IF YOU WANT A GOOD RELIABLE

WATCE

At a REASONABLE PRICE, call at

DAVIS BRO

180 Yourg Street, Toronto.

sd
¥
N.B.—Repairing Promply Attended to

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 15

M. Covel’s Latest improved Automatic Saw Sharpener|

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been PptmDOHOEY into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW MILL pipe

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Mact

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Do reulars
for Slabbing Small Logs. My p atent Ja bain for draw-
ing logs into Saw Mills, ackn esis 21 by all to be the
z Cheapest and best ever got also, my 1 Pe ont Lumber
I would also call special attention to my Markers, different sizes of dg a ars, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
- 5 mers, Power Gummers, and ali Ma chinery used in a first
Hea; Circular Saw Mills class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
V y mers for use in the woods, for Cro ut Saw pag

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam Pumps of different sizes, can rE ire Protection in Mil

Feed, haying put inseveral which are givin the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Esq., Peterborough.

DEAR StrR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it is admitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
Jonging toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute.

} It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion

Horizontal ae and Boilers

feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
een it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short -logs. I consider I have cut more

_jumber than will pay for the Steam Heed since I got it
- than I would have cut had I not put it in. ee —

Yours respectfully,
WILLIAM TAIT,

Lumberman, Grayenhur

CORLISS
\

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
= with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmansb!p and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour, L10

i

ToRONTO, August lith, 1880.

_ WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont. =
ae Sirn—The cae A pea leg put in is working splen-

y:

Ei

ju

i

et mes

WILLIAM HAMILTON - - PETERBOROUGH, ONT.
LUMBERMENS STATIONERY.

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber
Shanties and Offices at City prices.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices.
Book-Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.
Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

tore n CO.

aE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”
PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

JAMES ROBERT

MANUFACTURERS OF EVERY VARIETY OF

Circular, Mill and Gang Sa

INSERTED TOOTH SAWS .2222

A SPHGTATITIH.

———=
=

==

Ca

= ia nnn ‘fs Wy Hy y

TS" Emerson Pattern and Lamberman’s Clipper. ==

SAWS REPAIR
BEVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SEND FOR PRiLCntS. 6113

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $1 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, amd the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock.
Large dealers order stoeks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gummipng Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round,
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of all in use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are:

12x} )
oa 10x} ) 12x8
Le Pm oe
tol tl Gakeptancagmel \! 8 ori o> 12x8 { 3, {and Linch.
re 10x8 ) 12x} |

12x¢ J

Probably more wheels 12x§, 12x} and 12x are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24xl}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won’t touch it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will sbape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale,

A QUHS TION, OF QB etait

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us toa decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved on wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities o match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Zanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regula -
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class
It cuts fast and keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft.” We prefer the * Pocono.”
CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as “‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jimer in grain and softer than either of the above. Asa Saw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono”
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

UWlustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.

The Tanite Co. Stroudsburg, Monroe Go, Pennsylvant

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

PUBLISHED )}
SEMI-MONTHLY. f

=

any
OT

V

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

§ SUBSCRIPTION
( 22.00 PER ANNUM.

VOL. 1.

_ THERE is now brought into the city of New
Orleans annually about 15,000,000 feet of tim-
ber, which is sawed into lumber by mills in the
city, and there is received besides about 60,-
000,000 feet of lumber, 6,000,000 shingles, 40,-

,000 cords of wood and 25,000,000 staves, a
large portion of which is exported to foreign
ports, and there seems to be no good reason
why the wood trade of New Orleans should not
be largely increased. Louisiana abounds in
magnificient virgin forests with ample water
facilities for transporting it to market. While
its total area is 26,105,600 acres, but 3,700;000
acres are under cultivation, and 5,821,000 acres
consist of prairie-and sea marsh lands leaving
17,584,600. of almost untouched forest lands,
abounding in red, white and black oak, hickory,

ash, beech, dogwood, cypress, cottonwood, elm,

pine, etc., etc. Evidently New Orleans is
destined to become an important lumber centre.

Tue Northwestern Lumberman of the 25th
ult., says: There are now coming to this city
(Chicago) about 60,000 cubic feet of walnut logs
belonging to Ontario parties, and destined for
the European market. The owners have had a
force of men securing them, principally in Mis-
souri. There will be three cargoes, and they
will be forwarded from here to Quebec, thence
to European ports. The chances for eastern
buyers to obtain walnut in western Missouri are
growing smaller every day. Manufacturers in
that section have come to understand that the
great stretch of country west.of them will be
talling.for furniture continuously, and they
have decided that it is better to manufacture it
there than to ship the walnut east and in turn
ship the furniture back. Of late a great; many
factories have been built in that state, and they
make a lively effort to secure the walnut that
grows in the surrounding country. At present
they are paying from $40 to $50, log run.

Tue business of 1881 thus far, presents to the
mind of the observer two inportant features.
The first is the fact that trade this season has
practically escaped its usual attack of weakness.
Asarule holders and sellers have been com-
pelled to submit to a decline on the opening of
havigation, and even to witness a regular break
bp in prices, but this year, except in Chicago,
there has been no period of weakness, and even
then it amounted to comparitively nothing
Then, in the second place, it will have been
Sheerved that throughout the season it has been
difficult to fill orders, and at no time during
1841 has there been lumber enough in the hands
ff dealers to meet the demands made upon

promptly. Broken assortments have been

the rule, which is the best proof that instead of
acomnulating they have moved off as
as they were ready for consumption.

long aa this state of affairs continue there
be no apprehension of any general decline,

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., JULY 15, 1881.

NO. 18.

SAW GUMMING.

There are several contrivances for the trouble-
some but necessary job of gumming saws. Files,
burr gummers, punches, and grindstones have
in turn been used, but nothing has proved itself
so rapid and efficient as the Emery or Corundum
Wheel. To perfect their operation, inventors
have not been slow to place before lumbermen,
machines to run these saw gumming emery
wheels. Mr. W. Hamilton, Peterborough, is
now supplying a machine for this purpose, and
judging from the demand he has for them, the
Covell Saw Sharpener must be a very efficient
tool, Our readers will notice from our advertis-
ing columns that the celebrated Hart Emery
Wheel, well known to American lumbermen as
the ‘‘ Detroit Wheel,” is now being made in
Canada. The manufacturers, whose head-
quarters are in Hamilton, claim to:have given
special attention to the wants of sawyers, and
as aresult are offering a Corundum or Emery
Wheel thoroughly adapted in every respect to
the work of saw gumming and saw sharpening.
The prominent and well known firms to whom
they refer, indicate that their efforts to produce
a good article have been successful, and that
they are well-deserving of a share of the trade.
We understand that a guarantee of absolute
efficiency accompanies each wheel.

THE STREAMS BILL.
We clip the following letter from the Toronto
Globe of the 6th of July :—

Si1r,—In both your own and the columns of
your leading contemporary on the other side,
there have been recently many letters and
articles on the disallowed Streams Bill, No.
102.

As I am here on the spot in the district which
would be, perhaps, most affected by the Bill
becoming law, I think I am justified in writing
a few lines thereon. I will avoid alluding to
the partisan arguments which have been ad-
vanced on either side, so that my remarks may
be as short as possible.

The Dill as a Bill is not to be admired, seeing
that privileges and rights conferred on anyone
thereby are granted only for and terminated by
the spring, summer, and autumn freshets.
Therefore, after any freshet is over these per-
sons with their dams, piers, aprons, etc., would
have to clear out or be treated as trespassers.

If the Ontario Legislature cannot procure to
be drawn a simple Bill to carry the meaning
they intend nearer than this, the sooner some
member moves the Minister of Education into
the Speaker’s chair the better.

But joking apart the Bill is all right, except-
ing that it is all wrong, that is, the principle is
right but the details are enormities.

It is just that streams should be considered
highways, and that means should be provided
to make them efficient, but it is wrong to place

the power to govern, alter, and superintend in
the hands of each and any private individual
who desires their use.

By this Bill anyone who wishes to take a log
or boat or raft—the latter definition might be
satisfied by two sticks and a sheep hurdle—
down any stream, may construct ‘‘aprons,
dams, slides, gate locks, booms, and any other
work therein or thereon necessary to facilitate
the floating and transmitting of’ such logs, &c.,
&c.,” and they have also the right to use all
means usual amongst lumbermen, the damage
being only restricted when it can be shown to
be necessary to facilitate the passage of logs,
rafts, crafts, etc. In the name of common sense
is not this legislation gone mad? Any one who
wishes to float sticks or walnut shells (timber
and craft) down any stream, or when a stream
is created during the freshets, may build dams
and aprons or use any other diabolic means
usual to lumbermen to facilitate the transit,
and if they drown out 2,000,000 acres no one is
entitled to claim a cent for damages. A single
dam might drown out miles of country, and
destroy on it the timber the property of the
Crown ; the destroyer falls back for protection
on this Bill, which has for its object the public
interest. If honest, the Ontario Legislature
ought to be thankful that their production has
been consigned to the limbo of the waste paper
basket.

The fact yet remains,

1, That all permanent streams should be
available as public highways for floatage of tim-
ber, id est, ‘sawlogs, square timber, booms; ties,
telegraph poles, and all like matters.

2. That dny improvements or works con-
structed by any private owner should be avail-
able at fair tolls for public benefit.

But any damage caused by alterations should
be made recoverable from the State, and in
assessing damages the property must be con-
sidered as a whole, and in agricultural lands the
raising of the water table—that is, the level at
which the water stands beneath the soil—must
be considered,

Lastly, the regulation of tolls should rather
be left to arbitration than to the decision of the
Licutenant-Governor in Council.

I have no more to Say on this, I trust, mori-
bund Bill, with the exception that I am sur-
prised that the gentleman to whom the inhabi-
tants of this district confided their interests at
the last election should have permitted such a
measure to pass the House without protest.

I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
E. G. MUNTTZ.

Axrort, Muskoka, July 4, 1881.

Tuk Most MisERABLE MAN IN THE WORLD is the dys-
peptic, and dyspepsia is one of the mdst troublesome
difficulties to remove, but Burpock BLoop BIrTERs
always conquer it. It stimulates the secretions, regu-
lates the bowels, acts upon the Liver, aids digestion,
and tones up the entire system. Trial bottles 10 cents,
large bottles $1.00.

It is nine miles long—deep and safe.

THE TIMBER OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

That section of British Columbia west of the
Cascades and including Vancouver and Queen
Charlotte Islands is, according to Professor
Macoun, covered with, probably, one of the
finest forests in the world. Chief amongst the
trees is the Douglas fir (Abies Douglasii), which
is the chief forest tree, and which is used
throughout the country for building purposes,
and for export in the form of deals and spars.

White cedar (Thuja gigantea) is another
giant, and in the Valley of the Fraser and up
the coast attains to an immense size, The
Indians use this wood altogether in the con-
struction of their houses, and in building those
large canoes which are the wonder of the
eastern people.

The other trees are a species of yew, another
of alder, two species of fir (Abies Menziesti and
grandis); two species of pine (Pinus contorta
and monticola); two species of maple (Acer
macrophyllum and circinatum) ; hemlock spruce
(Abies Mertensiana) is a common tree on the
mainland; while a species of oak (Quercus
Gayrrana) is abundant on the island, but has
not been detected on the continent. An ever-
green tree (Arbutus Menziesii) is quite common
along the coast of the island, and, both summer
and winter, its foliage contrasts finely with
that of the sombrehued Douglas fir.

In the second, or arid distret, ai pine (Pinus
ponderosa) takes the place of the Douglas fir on
the coast, and is a very valuable tree, growing
to a large size, with clean trunk, and resembling
the red pine of Ontario very much. The tops
of the lower mountains and the sides of the
higher ones support a heavy-growth of Douglas
fir, but it is far from being the beautiful tree of
the coast.

The timber of the third region is not so good,
and consists principally of poplar and black
pine (Pinus contorta), with occasional groves of
Douglas fir on the higher hills. Black and
white spruce, with a little balsam fir, make up
the remainder.

The island of Vancouver is about 300 miles in
length, with an average breadth of about 60,
and probably contains 20,000 square miles. The
soil is good, but the surface is so much broken
by rock that it is altogether impossible to tell
the amount of good arable land on the island.
There is no doubt the day will come when Van-
couver will support a large population—partly
agricultural, and partly engaged in mining,
lumbering, and fishing.

Burrard Inlet is situated on the Gulf of
Georgia, a few miles from New Westminster.
It is the
port from which the lumber trade is chiefly
carried on. It is very easy of access to vessels
of any size or class, and convenient depth of
water for anchorage may be found in almost

every part of it.

McLAREN vs. CALDWELL,

JUDGMENT BY THE COURT OF APPEAL—THE
DECISION OF V. CG. PROUDFOOT OVER-RULED.

©. J. SpraccH delivered judgment in this
case on Friday in the following terms :—

The plaintiff describes himself in his bill as a
lumber merchant, lumber dealer, saw miller,
and lumberman, and states that the defendant
carries on the same branches of business. The
bill enumerates some twelve parcels of land, of
which it is stated that the plaintiff is the owner,
and it states also that he is owner of large tracts
of timber. The bill goes on to allege that the
streams flowing through these parcels of land
were not navigable streams, ‘‘ nor floatable for
logs and timber ” while in the Crown, nor until
after the improvements set forth in the bill were
made on the said streams by the plaintiff, and
that in their natural and unimproved state they
would not, even during freshets, permit of saw
logs or timber being floated down the same, but
were useless for the purpose, and in the 10th
paragraph there states his rights :—“ The plain-
tiff is entitled, both as riparian proprietor and
owner, in fee simple, of the bed of the said
streams where they pass and flow through the
said lots, respectively, to the absolute, exclusive,
and uninterrupted uses of the said streams for
all purposes not provided by law, and amongst
other purposes to the absolute and exclusive
right to the user of the same for the purpose of
floating or driving saw logs and timber down
the same.” He then goes on to say that in vari-
ous parts of the said streams, which run and
flow through lands therein described, the plain-
tiff and those through whom he claims have ex-
pended a large amount of money in making
certain specific and very valuable improvements,
which he sets out in a number of the following
paragraphs of the bill.

The complaint is in substance, that the de-
fendants having got out several thousand saw
logs, threaten, and intend to avail themselves
of the improvements set out in the bill, and that
in floating. and running the timber and logs
down the stream they are interfering with and
obstructing the plaintiff in running and floating
down his lumber and saw logs, and he takes
this ground, that the defendants in so doing are
wrongfully and forcibly, and without right, or
colour of right, making use of the improvements
made by the plaintiff, and those under whom
he claims, and of which plaimtiff is entitled to
the exclusive and uninterrupted user.

Evidence was given at great length before V.
C. Proudfoot. That learned judge considered
that he ought to follow the case of Boale y.
Dickson, and that he understood that case to
determine that if any improvements are necess
ary to render the streams floatable, the statute
does not’ apply ; that it does not alter the
character of the private streams, and that the
owner of the land over which the stream flows
has the right to prevent intrusion upon it. Upon
the evidence he came to the conclusion. that
without the artificial means of which evidence
was given neither of the streams upon which
improvements had been made*by the plaintiff
could be considered floatable, even in freshets
or high water.

That was the issue upon which the evidence
in the cause was given, and that the proper
issue of the construction placed upon the statute
in Boale v. Dickson was the proper construction,

Upon the appeal to this court it is contended
that the construction placed upon the statute in
Boale vy. Dickson was not correct. It becomes
our duty, therefore, to consider and determine
that question.

It is obvious from a perusal of the Acts
(which are considered in c. 48 of the C.S.U.C.)
that it was the policy of the Legislature to en-
courage the lumber trade of the province ; and
to preserve the fish in the streams. The Act of
1828-9, Geo. IV., c. 24, recites: ‘* Whereas, it is
expedient and found necessary to afford facility
to the inhabitants of this province engaged in
the lumber trade in carrying their rafts to mar-
ket, as well as for the ascent of fish in various
streams now obstructed by mill dams.” Then
follow two sub-sections, which are embodied in
section 3 of the Consolidated Act.

The same policy is evidenced by 12 Vic., ec. 87,
the first section 6f which supplies what may be
taken to have been an omission of the Act of

have been made.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

1828, viz., that aprons or slides to mill-dams
should be so constructed as to afford sufficient
depth of water for the . passage of saw logs,
lumber and timber—a provision embodied in
sec. 4 of the Consolidated Act.

Then in sec. 5 of the same Act we find enact-
ed what. is embodied in secs. 15 and 16 of the
Consolidated Act. The first clause of sec. 5 is
in the same terms as sec. 15, beginning thus :—
“And be it enacted that it shall be lawful for
all persons to float saw logs” (and so to the end
of sec. 15) ‘‘and other timber rafts and craft
down all streams in Upper Canada during the
spring, summer, and autumn freshets ; and no
person shall, by felling trees or placing any other
obstruction in or across any such stream, prevent
the passage thereof.”

In Boale v. Dickson this opinion is expressed,
“that the right so given extends only to such
streams as in their natural state will, without
improvements, during freshets permit saw logs,
timber, etc., to be floated down them, to streams
of a different class tothose mentioned in the
third section ‘‘Down which lumber is. usually
brought.”

No such qualification of the right given by
section 15 is to be found in the Act nor injany
other previous Acta thereby consolidated. There
is nothing in the context of any of these Acts
showing or tending to show that such qualifica-
tion was intended; and we know from what
we find in the evidence taken in this cause, that
confining the right given by section 15 to such
streams as are described in the passage I have
quoted from Boale v. Dickson would go far to
defeat the avowed policy of the Legislature.
Evidence was offered that in some of the streams
inthe province, at the date of passing of these
Acts, saw logs, timbers, &c., could be floated
down in their natural state without improve-
ments, even during freshets. 'The evidence was
stopped by the learned Vice-Chancellor upon
the objection of the plaintiffs counsel after
some evidence in that direction had been given.
But from the evidence that was given in the
cause it is apparent that, if section 15 is to be
read with the qualification | given to it by Boale
y. Dickson, a very large number of the streams
in the province would be ‘excluded from its
operation,

T agree with what is said in Boale v. Dickson
“that assuming the plaintiffs to be the owners
of the bed of the river, and considering this Act
to be a diminution of private rights, no greater
right can arise to the defendant under it than a
right to float timber, &c., down during fresh-
ets ; it confers no right to in any way either im-
prove or deepen the natural channel.” I do not
understand by this that a person to whom such
right to float timber down is given, &c., may not
remove fallen timber and such like obstacles to
navigation as are referred to in Crell v, The G.
T. R. Co. But taking what is said in the pass-
age I have just quoted from Boale v. Dickson to
be correct, it may well be conceded without
affecting the constitution of the Act. It may
be thought that the Legislature had over much
regard for the interests of the lumbermen, and
too little regard for the interests of riparian
proprietors. Our province is to construe the Act
and not to fail to give due effect to it under an
idea that its provisions press over hardly upon
one class of persons for the benefit of another
class,

T do not feel Preaaedl by the consideration that
no right is conferred upon lumberers ‘‘ to alter
improve, or deepen the natural channel.” It
does not prove that it was not intended to con-
fer upon them the privilege of availing them-
selves, in the floating of their logs and
lumber, of improvements found by them to have
been already made in the natural channels of
the streams.

The statute makes no provision for compensa-
tion to those at whose expense improvements
We may conceive that it
would have been more just that provision should
have been made for compensation. The Legis-
lature, however, may have felt difficulty in the
way of adjusting a scale of compensation, or
may possibly have taken some view as this :—
The different lumbermen make improvements
on their respective properties, each for his own
sake. By giving to all a common right over the
property of all, we may make an approximation
of doing justice to all, Some may be gainers by

doing this more than others ; but it is the only
way of accomplishing that which is, with us,
a paramount object, the fostering of the lumber
trade. That this was a paramount object is
evidenced by the recitals to the earlier Aets that
I have quoted.

Apart from all these considerations, we have
the plain unequivocal language of the Act. To
adopt the construction put upon it in Boale v.
Dickson, we must read “all streams” as mean-
ing “some streams” and we look in vain in the
Act for any class of streams defined as they are
defined in Boale v. Dickson. If what is sup-
posed in that case to have been included had
been really intended, section 15 should have run
thus, ‘‘All persons may float saw logs and other
timber during the spring, summer, and autumn
freshets, down,” not all streams—‘‘ but such
streams as in their natural state will without im-
provements permit saw logs, timber, &c, to be
floated down them.” It is too much to say that
such an alteration of the Act is not construc-
tion, but legislation ?

Reference is made in B, & D. “ to streams of
a different class to those mentioned in the third
section,” ‘‘down which lumber is usually
brought.” The streams mentioned in the third
section are those down which lumber is usually
brought, and on which a mill dam may be
legally erected. That cannot be a stream down
which in its natural state, without improve-
ments, timber, lumber, etc., could be floated,
because on such a stream a mill dam could not
be legally erected. The words “all streams ”
could not be applied only to that class of
streams. There is another class denominated
‘*small streams,” which certainly did not form
the class, though they might be comprehended
in the class to which the words “ all streams”
applied. ;

I am unable to concur in the construction put
upon sec. 15 of the Act in Boale v. Dickson,
There being no context, nor indeed anything
whatever in any of these Acts on this subject,
to control the ordinary grammatical meaning of
the words used, we must read them in their
ordinary grammatical sense ; and should, there-
fore, construe sec. 15 as giving the privilege to
all persons to float saw-logs and other timber
down all streams in U. C. during the spring,
summer, and autumn freshets. F

It follows that, in my judgment, the issue
tried before the learned Vice-Chancellor was
not an issue that arises under the statute ; but
that the defendants had to have the right con-
ferred upon them by sec. 15 of the Act, to float,
during the freshets named in that section, their
timber, rafts, and crafts down the streams
down which they were causing them to be
floated when their rights were called in question
by the plaintiff's bill.

We, of course, do not question the propriety
of the course taken by the learned Vice-Chan-
cellor in accepting the interpretation put upon
the Act in Boale v. Dickson. But being unable,
after a careful consideration of the various Acts
passed upon this subject, to concur in that in-
terpretation my conclusion is that the plain-
tiffs bill must be dismissed.

For reasons which the Chief Justice gave at
length, each party is left to pay their own costs.

DIFFERENCE OF OPINION.

In the foregoing decision delivered by the
Chief Justice of Appeal, Patterson, J., and
Morrison, J., concurred, but Burton, J., held
different views. We publish his judgment

below.
CHIEF JUSTICE BURTON’S OPINION.

In this case I have the misfortune to differ
with my learned brothers, and if this had been a
court of last resort, whilst not concurring, I
should not have thought it proper to express my
dissent, but under the circumstances I think it
is but fair to the litigants and respectful to my
collegues briefly to express the grounds on
which I feel compelled to come to a different
conclusion. The expiration of the general com-
mon law principles applicable to inland waters
would seem to be well stated in the case of
Waldsworth v. Small (2 Fairfield, 280), and to
be consistent with the doctrine in the tract de
fure maris sometimes, but it is said erroneously,
attributed it to Lord Hall, viz. that those
streams which are sufficiently large to bear
boats or barges, or to be of public use in the
transportation of property, are ,highways by

water, over which the public have a common
right, and the private property of the owner
of the soil is to be improved in subserviency to
the enjoyment of this public right ; whilst, on
the contrary, such little streams are mot as

floatable, that is, cannot in their natural state —
be used for the carriage of boats, rafts, or other

property, are wholly and absolutely private,

not subject to the servitude of the public inter-
est, nor to be regarded as public highways by

water, because they are not susceptible of use
as a common passage for the public. Numerous
decisions are to be found at a very early date in”
the United States to the effect that although
the adaptation of the stream to such public use

may not be continuous at all seasons, yet the

public right attathes and may be exercised —

whenever opportunities occur. In the case of
Thunder Bay River Company v. Speedily, 31
Mich., 343. Mr. Justice Cooley thus refers to
the subject :—
ment that the capacity of the stream in its
natural state and its ordinary volume of water
should be continuous, or, in other words, that
its ordinary state at all seasons of the year
should be such as to make it navigable. If it is
ordinarily subject to periodical fluctuations in
the volume and height of its water attributable
to natural causes, and recurring as regularly as
the seasons, and if its periods of high water and
navigable capacity ordinarily continue a suffi-
cient length of time to make it useful as a high-
way, it is a subject tothe public easement—
referring to Morgan y. King, 35 N.Y., 459, 18
Barbour 284, and 30 Barbour 9.”

Tt would seem that this very reasonable view
of the common law doctrine in reference to these
streams had at a very early day been recognised
by our own Legislature.

Thus we find in the first act passed in Upper
Canada in reference to mill-dams, 9th Geo. IV.,
c. 4, that it was passed in the interest of per-
sons engaged in the lumber trade, to afford
facilities for the conveyance of their rafts and
lumber to market, and that the owners of mill-
dams, erected on the proprietor’s own lands,
across any stream down which lumber was
usually brought, were compelled to make pro
vision for its passage by the construction of
sufficient aprons, and in several other Acts
fore we come to the 12th Vic. provision is
made for floating down square timber and other
manufactured lumber prepared for market.

The latter Act, though passed also evidently
in the interests of lumbermen, made provision
also for the protection of the mill owner so long
as he complied with the conditions prescribed,
otherwise the lumberman was at liberty to
abate the dam as a nuisance if it a with
his use of the stream.

In the same Act, however, we find the Legis-
lature using language not only confirmatory of
the view that the public had the right to use
such streams as I have referred to, but declar-
ing that all persons may during the spring, sum-
mer, and autumn freshets float sawlogs and
other lumber, rafts, &c., down all streams,.a
provision which in my opinion was intended to
be simply declaratory of the Common Law right
of everyone to use every stream that was capa-
ble, in its natural state, and its ordinary
volumes, of transporting in a condition fit for
market the products of the forests or other pro-
peprety, with an express statutory declaration
superadded that it was not essential to the
public easement that the capacity of the streams
as those defined should be continuous, but that
it should be exerciseable even though it could
only be so exercised in times of freshet.

This was then the state of the law in several
of the neighbouring States where lumbering op-
erations were carried on to a very large extent,
but it was not the universal rule there, the
courts in some places holding that a stream
which is not capable of being used at any time
for the passage of boats or the floating of rafts
and logs, except when swelled by rains or the
melting of snow, is not in any legal sense a
navigable stream, but is private property and
not subject to the servitude of the public ease-
ment.

And this being the state of the authorities, it —

is not unreasonable to assume that a Legisla-
ture dealing with a similar state of things in
tended to place the question beyond dispute,
and to declare that even though the stream

‘‘Nor is it essential to the ease- —

.

.

if it

was not navigable at other times,
became so in times of freshet the public right to
pass at these timesshould be recognized.

If that is not the proper view to take of the
enactment, but it was intended to declare these
streams to be public highways, as my learned
brother appeared to think, it would, I appre-
hend, follow that wherever the natural obstruc-
tions were removed by the owner of the soil
so as to make those portions of the stream not
previously navigable passable for boats or tim-
ber, the owner of the soil would not be in a
position to exclude the public from the use or
enjoyment of the stream so improved. The
illustration given by my brother Patterson, of a
portion of a concession line which is declared
by law to be a common and public highway
being impassable by reason of some physical
obstruction, would then be applicable. It is
because I am unable to find in any of these
statutes language declaring these streams to be

’ of that character that I am unable to concur in
the conclusion of the other members of the
court. I quite agree with them in their view of
the doctrine laid down in Boale v. Dickson. I

_think there is nothing to warrant the qualified
construction placed upon s, 15 of 12 Vic., c. 87,
by the learned judge who delivered the judg-
ment in that case, but I am unable to bring my-
self to the conclusion that the mere permission
or the recognition of the right to float all stream
during freshets make the entire stream publici
juris, although in point of fact many portions
of it may be quite impassable, even in times of
freshet, for the smallest description of timber or
other articles of merchandise. The language
of a statute which would by a particular con-
struction have the effect of interfering with the
enjoyment of private property, or give the right
to others to pass over it without compensation,
ought to be very plain to induce a court to place
upon it such an interpretation. I have pointed
out what I cdnceive to be its proper meaning
and intention, and full effect is given to the
words by adopting that construction. If that
be the correct interpretation, then I apprehend
it will be still necessary to ascertain whether at
the particular point where the stream passes
through the plaintiff's land it was floatable
when in a state of nature during freshets. If
not, then in my view it is not floatable within
the meaning of the authorities, but is wholly
and absolutely private property. To illustrate
my meaning as to what I conceive would be the
effect of the statute if the judgment of my col-
leagues be correct, let us image a stretch of many
tiles above the place in question not only float-
able, but navigable for larger vessels. A space
than intervenes for say half a mile neither navi-
gable nor floatable at any period of the year,
followed by long stretch of navigable water to
the mouth of the stream.

It is not necessary to the navigability of the
stream that it should be navigable for its entire
length. The public may use such parts of it as
are navigable.

_ If, then, this intervening space had passed
from the Crown into the hands of a private pro-
prietor, and he has at his own charges made
what was previous to the improvement his own
in point of property, and non-navigable and
non-floatable, to be passable for large vessels
either by the deeping of the channel or the
making of locks, can it be possible that under
language similar to what is to be found in this
statute the owners of steamboats and other
large vessels could pass over such property of
right; in other words, that a property which
admittedly while it remained unimproved was
strictly private property, unaffected by any
public right whatever, lost that character and
become publici juris, although made navigable
entirely at his own and not at the public ex-
pense, because in an Act of Parliament it is
declared that all persons may during the spring,
summer and autumn freshets float saw logs, etc,
down all streams. I venture, with considerable
diffidence and doubt in the correctness of my
Own opinion, in consequence of the different
View taken by learned brothers, to think that
such a result could never have been comtem-
Plated by the Legislature. Yet such must be
the result in the case suggested if the proper
Construction of the Act gives the defendant the
Power to float timber over these improvements

of plaintiff aa of right.
‘-

remove all doubts as to the right of lumbermen

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

I repeat, then, that in my view of the statute
it was intended to confer no new right, but to

to use a stream passing through private lands,
even though not at ordinary times, if it could
be made useful at atime of freshet. If that be
the proper construction of the section, then it
would:be necessary to examine the evidence for
the purpose of ascertaining whether at the parti
cular points where the stream passes through
the plaintiff's land it was a floatable stream
before the improvements, but as the other
members of the court take a different view of
the statute, it becomes unnecessary for me to do
so. Upon the other appeal from the judgment
of V. C. Ferguson it becomes unnecessary to
offer any opinion, except with a view to the
costs. I may say, therefore, that to my mind
the 27th section of the Appeal Act can have no
application to a case of this kind—there can be
no execution of a decree necessary or possible
in a case where the decree is, if 1 may use the
term, executed:as soon as made, There was
nothing to be done under it, and nothing further
would require to be done unless it were disobey-
ed, in which ease I apprehend that without the
formal issue of a writ of injunction the parties
to the suit could be proceeded against for con-
tempt.

I think, therefore, that the appeal should be
dismissed with costs.

In the main appeal I am pleased to find that
the other members of the court have seen their
way to the allowance of the appeal, as a con-
trary conclusion could not have been otherwise
than disastrous to one of the most important
industries of the Dominion ; the result is that,
the public become entitled to use the plaintiff's
improvements without compensation, which was
most properly secured to him under the Act
which has recently been disallowed.

MISCELLANEOUS.

A CAR-LOAD of implements has been shipped
by Mr. Watson, of Ayr, to Aberdeen, Scot-
land.

Tue Keewatin Lumbering Company are at
present shipping eight to ten car loads of lumber
per week from Rat Portage to Winnipeg.

AN unusually large quantity of deals and
other lumber has been shipped from Herbert
River, N.B., this season.

Messrs. BickeLtt & WICKETT are going to
build a tannery in Toronto, near the mouth of

‘the Don, and the Council has promised: to ex-

empt the property from taxation for a term of

five years.
‘A NEw steamship is building on the Clyde for
the Dominion Steamship Company, which it is

stated will exceed the burden of the Allan
steamship Parisian by three hundred tons. The
name of the new craft is to be the Vancouver.
By an accident with a circular saw, Mr. W.
Craig, foreman of Stevens, Turner & Burns,
London, had a finger taken off, and a fellow-
workman namad -D. Bradley had three ribs
broken by a flying piece of board from the saw.

Bus fires have been doing considerable dam-
age in several places in Quebec; not only has
valuable timber been destroyed, but a great
deal of fencing and in some cases farm buildings
have become a prey to the flames.

THE Scottish American says: In New York
State the replanting of forest trees has been
attended with very good results, and it is noted
that in one belt of country where replanting
was general the rainfall has largely increased.
In Kansas and Nebraska the results obtained
from replanting are even more striking. The
planted forest serves to break the force of the
wind, and the influence of the woods’ growth is
seen in lessened periods of drought, and an in-
crease in crops.

Wuen Docrors DisAGREE WHO SHALL DECIDE? The
people often decide by “‘ throwing physic to the dogs,”
and trying Burpock Buoop Birrers, and the result is
always satisfactory. Burdock Blood Bitters is the
Multum in Parvo of medical seience, curing all
diseases of the Blood, Liver and Kidneys. A trial
bottle only costs 10 cents. A dollar bottle may save
you many dollars in doctor’s bills.

eg es,

Dysrrrsia.—Strenthen your digestion—tone the
stomach for utilizing and assimilating every atom of
food you take; the body needs it for strength and
vigor. Zopeso cleanses the entire system, stimulates
the Liver, keeps you regular, and able to eat ten-penny
nails. Letters and postal cards come in daily, telling
of cures and help frem Zopesa, from Brazil. Positive
proof of the health and vigor it gives in a ten cent
sample. Ask your druggist.

ROBIN &
SADLER

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DBALBR IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood

Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER. |

CANOES!

The undersigned keeps Canoes suitable
for LUMBERMEN, SPORTSMEN and
others constantly on hand. Price List on
application.

WILLIAM ENGLISH

814 PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

EK. S.. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. Ll

Has no equal for the permanent cure of
Coughs, Colds, Sore Throat, Asthma, Croup,
Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and

all Lung Diseases. ¢

_ Every bottle guaranteed to give satisfaction.
\I. MILBURN & CO., Proprietors Toronto. ;

dq

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE TRADE AND THE PUBLIC.

Itis a peculiarity of all class periodicals that

in advocating the rights of the interest they un-

dertake to represent they seem to give them-
selves no concern about the public good, as if
One
might almost fancy their ebjects were antagon-
istic, for, while the one is always lamenting
when low prices prevail, the other rejoices in
getting its commodities as cheaply as it possibly
can, and people may be said to trouble them-
selves very little about the cost of production of
the article they want, when they go to market

that might be left to take care of itself.

to lay out their money to the best advantage,

What avails it that the dealer can show that
he is offering his goods at the merest shadow
above cost price, if the man oyer the way is
willing to sell a similar and equally good
Ever since the

second Sir Robert Peel’s time, when he became

the advocate of free trade (having previously
opposed it with all his might), and gave out his
celebrated precept, as if it were a happy thought

to which he owed his conversation, that it was a

first principle of trade ‘‘to buy in the cheapest

market and sell in the dearest,” all idea of
taking into consideration the expenses incurred
in producing the material we are inclined to
_ deal in has been abandoned, as an exploded
has no

material at a'still lower figure ?

weakness with which free trade

sympathy.

But there was nothing original in Sir Robert’s

plausible phrase, which became popular merely

because he had uttered it, as a novelty, and it

was taken up and repeated as the essence Of wis-

dom which embodied in a few words the whole
doctrine of free trade, and left nothing more to
It had, however, long before
been practically adopted by those branches of
business which the police are supposed to keep

be said about it.

an eye on, and of ‘which we have a well-known
representative in the character of Mr. Fagin,
the amiable patron, erewhile, of Oliver Twist,

and that class of trader might almost justify his

calling by proving it to be in strict accordance
with Sir Robert Peel’s rescript, and possibly its
tendency has been if some degree to demoralize
trade. We may be less scrupulous in looking
for cheapness, as a sort of duty enjoined upon
us by this modern law of trade, which does not
suggest to us the necessity of ascertaining how
the goods we are in pursuit of came to be so
cheap. That duty is left to the teaching of the
statutes at large, if people choose to run the
risk of them, and place implicit confidence in
the honesty of the seller, without asking any
inconvenient questions as to his rights of pro-
prietorship in the commodity he is willing to
dispose of so much below the market price.
And there is always the chance of escaping ill-
consequences by appealing to Sir Robert Peel’s
apothegm. It is easy to plead that unless you
“buy in the cheapest market and sell in the
dearest "—that is, the dearest market available

-—business cannot be done at a profit under free

trade.

Tf it has not lowered the standard of trading
morality in some appreciable ‘degree, at all
events the term ‘‘connection,” as applied to
business, seems now-a-days to have a different
meaning from that which it formerly possessed.
In past times the word was understood to mean
certain parties who dealt regularly with a eer-
tain house for certain goods, and mutual deal-
ings in this way often continued for a lifetime ;
now it means little more in a general sense than
correspondents and dealers you are known to,
and with whom you have an occasional transac-
tion when they cannot get the goods a fraction
cheaper elsewhere.

Yortunately, however, in the timber trade we
are less exposed to malversations of this kind
than in almost every other. The bulkiness of
the wares is a sort of guarantee for integrity in
the manipulation of thom. They cannot be
hidden away in bags, boxes, or barrels, and pass
muster in transmission as something totally
different. There they are, conspicuous to all
the world, wherever they go, indifferent to com-
ment and criticism, and entirely independent
of it,

Neither is the apparent neglect of the public’s
interest so real as at the first it might, be»ac-
counted in treating only of the advantages to
trade. The desire to see prices kept up to a fair
paying level arises from a conviction, not neces-

sary to be constantly obtruded, that it cannot
be good for the communi
portant and legitimate trade should be carried
on at aloss. A price ray be very moderate and
yet be a paying one ; on the other hand, it may
seen rather high and yet the sellers may be get-
ting nothing by it. .Such has been the state of
the timber trade in many parts of Britain
latterly, where wholesale transactions have
borne no profit because too much was paid at
first hand, in comparison of the plentifulness of
the supply, to bring the commodity to market.
The duty of the journalist who has undertaken
‘its cause is then to call the attention of the
trade to this state of affairs by. pointing. out the
sources of its difficulty, collecting and submit-

ting to them the facts that bear upon it, and
suggesting how the evil may best be mitigated,
But.in all this there is no implied disregard of
the good of the public, who are supposed to
gain what the trade is losing. ¥ There is nothing
of the spirit of monopoly and desire to obtain
more than the fair value of the goods brought
forward, and for the rest the public is well able
to take care of itself, and requires no special
pleader to teach it how to make the hardest
bargains, as we haye intimated, without taking
conscience at all into its ¢aleulations.

There is a disposition in fashion to insist that
a fair day’s work should be supplemented by a
fair day’s wages, but no one agitates for a fair
profit to the man whose goods are fairly paid
for. He must take his chance in the market
against another who-has perhaps not paid for

| the commodity he is selling, and never means

to, Such are the impedimenta which come be-
tween a trader and his just expectations when
he thinks he has laid out his money well, and is
looking that it should yield him a reasonable
return, » ,

These thoughts have been suggested to us by
the apparent necessity we have latterly been
under of always harping on the, same string.
We look in vain fot some encouraging news
from the provinces, as to the solid revival of the
trade for which the importers are waiting. If
any of our correspondents speak cheerily, it is
mostly after the manner of Captain Cuttle, at
the Wooden Midshipman, in Leadenhall street,
when he rubbed his hands, and thought business
looking up, because somebody called and in-
quired the price of « pair of spectacles. The
trade continues languid, and without hope of
immediate improvement, though the manufac-
turing iudustries are reported as doing better
than they were a little’while back, Liverpool,
Hull, Grimsby, Hartlepool, and Newcastle are
all in suspense, and have no faith in obtaining
satisfactory prices for the new arrivals, which
are already coming forward in rather formidable
proportions, (espectally in Liverpool), though
they have not as yet materially affected home
prices, because their effect was previously dis-
counted, and people refrained from extending
their orders abroad till they saw how their mar-
ket would bear the new strain on them of their
first importation, ‘

On the other side of the Atlantic they are
more hopeful of this season’s trade than they
are here, and our Chicago correspondent’s letter

(June 11, p. 361) draws a bright picture of the

peraspet before it out there, but not without a
suggestion. that the ‘elitting of Togs may be
ACES ant.

‘A considerable increase is looked for by
many in the amount of lumber turned out, as
compared with the cut of other years.. The
majority of operators favor this view of the
situation, and look for'an Abundance of lumber,
though not more probably than the demand
will call for.”

The season has, it seems, been very favorable
for getting the timber clear of the drives, and
there is no anticipation of any difficulty in
ringing the logs forward, as we learn from the
concluding paragraph of the letter aforesaid.
All idea, therefore, of any curtailment of our
supply for this year has completely vanished,
whether it be from’ Northern Europe or from
America, and in its place a strong impression is
gaining ground that our markets will be pretty
severely tested on all sides.

- In Liverpool it,is expected that steamers will
take a lead, Bathe the Atlantic timber trade,
this summer, and as they will run at very
moderate froights the shippers on that side are

t large, that any im-}
will only have to hold stock on this side, instead

lof at home, with the chance of disposing of it

not unlikely to charter on speculation in the
absence of orders; as in the worst case they

during the winter, when if unshipped it would
have to lie idle and useless until the following
spring. It is the uncertainty which pervades
the trade on these points that has kept it so
quiet and unspeculative so long.

If the public gains by this kind of business,
the trade does not like it.—Timber Trades

Journal.

PRACTICAL ITEMS.

Loose pulleys require constant attention and
much oil, and are very hard on the belt. It is
best to have thema trifle smaller than the tight
pulley, and with a step or flange running up to
the diameter of the tigbt one. This takes the
strain off the belt and the friction from the
pulleys.

Where a mill is driven by mortise gearing, it
has been recommended to use a mixture of pul-
verized chalk and linseed oil, for lubricating
purposes. It is said that this mixture is much
better for wooden cogs than oil, tallow or flour.
The chalk for this mixture should first be pul-
verized and then sifted with a fine sieve.

Any sharp steel will cut glass with great
facility when kept freely wet with camphor dis-
solved in turpentine. A drill may be used, or
even the hand alone, A hole may be readily
enlarged by a round file. The ragged edges of
glass may also be thus smoothed with a flat file.
Flat window glass can be readily sawed by a
watch spring saw, by the aid of this solution:
In short, the most brittle glass can bé wrought
almost as easily as wood, by the use of drilling
tools kept constantly moist with camphorized
oil of turpentine,

Ordinary white wood can be given the appear-
ance of the finest black walnut. The wood?
first thoroughly dried and warmed, is coated
once or twice with a strong aqueous solution of
extract of walnut peel. When half dried, the
wood thus treated is brushed with a solution
compound of 1 part (by weight) of bichromate
of potassa in 5 parts of boiling water, and after
drying thoroughly is rubbed and polished. By
this treatment, the color is said to be fixed in
the wood to the depth of one-twelfth to one-
sixth of an inch, and in the majority of cases
the walnut appearance is declared to be very
perfectly imitated.

So eminent an authority as Professor Sweet
says, in reference to the question of economy
by reduction of friction, that of two systems,
one offering a saving of 10 per cent. by reduc-
tion of friction, and the other 20 per cent. in the
use of steam, he would take that which led to a
saving in friction, which of necessity implies
saving in maintenance, attendance, repairs, de_
lays, ete. The loss by attendance, repairs and
delays is greater in small engines than in large.
To get economy in friction, there should be
generous wearing surfaces, well fitted, and pro-
perly lubricated, and the engine should be in
absolute alignment. We often find shafts which
are set in perfect line and remain so when at
rest, but which are deflected by the strains put
upon them while at work.

The American Architect and Building News
says that maple is unquestionably better than
the average yellow pine for flooring. It is very
fine-grained and tough, though perhaps no
harder than yellow pine, and is completely free
from the’ liability to splinter, which injures
much of the latter. Some years ago a number
of Boston mill-owners made thorough tests o
various kinds of material for flooring their fac-
tories, where‘the wear is very severe, and con-
cluded that maple was superior to any other:
Very possibly this experience may have led to
the favor with which maple house-floors are re-

@arded in that region.

Fourteen years ago a Mr. Sterling, of Mon-
roe, Michigan, placed two gate posts of white
oak in front of his residence, When they were
set he bored into the top of each with an inch
and a half auger a hole three inches deep, filled
it with common salt, tightly plugged it, and
coppered the posts. Having occasion recently
to change the location of the posts, he found
them as sound from top to bottom as the day
they were planted.

HOW FORESTS PRODUCE MOISTURE.
Dr. Franklin B. Hough, United States Com-

missioner of Forestry, gives the following ex-
planation of the effects of forests on moisture:
It is a matter of common remark that our
streams diminish as the woodlands are cleared
away, so as to materially injure the manufac-
turing
power, and to require new sources of supply for
our state canals, and for the use of cities and
large towns.
now entirely worthless for this use. The mode
in which this influence operates will be readily
understood when we consider the effects of
forests upon the humidity and temperature of
air.

interests depending upon hydraulic.

Many streams gnce navigable are

A deciduous tree, during the season when in

foliage, is constantly drawing from the earth,
and giving off from its leaves a considerable
amount of moisture, and in some cases this
amount is very great.
from a fluid to a gaseous condition, is a cooling

This change of state

process, and, the air near the surface, being

secured from the sun and from the winds, be-
comes, by this means, so humid that a rank,

succulent vegetation often springs up and
thrives, which in an open field would wither
and perish in an hour, The air being thus
charged with moisture and cooled, does not
take up by evaporation the rains which fall, and
the soil, being more open, readily. allows the
water from melting snows and from showers to
sink into the earth, from whence a portion ap-
pears in springs and in swamps, which give rise
to rills and streams,

The air at all times holds more or less watery
vapor in suspension, and its capacity for doing
So is increased as the temperature is raised, not
by a steadily gaining rate, but more rapidly as
the heat is increased. There can be no evapora-
tion when the air is saturated with moisture,
and no deposit of water in any form until the
temperature is reduced to the point of *satura-
tion. It is not yet determined as to how far
the cooling and moistening influence of a grove
may extend. It must depend upon many cir-
cumstances, and especially upon the slope of
the surface, and the direction of the winds.
The effect is often apparent to the eye from the
freshness of the herbage in adjacent fields for
many rods in width.

The effect of woodlands in retaining snows
where they fall, and in delaying their mekting
in the spring, has been everywhere observed in
snowy countries. In such localities the snow
cannot be drifted by the winds, and when it
melts is disappears slowly, sinking into the soil
rather than flowing off upon the surface. The
effect of this delay in checking a too-early ap-
pearance of fruit blossoms, cannot be mistaken.
The result is in fact similar to that of comsider-
able areas of water, such as our northern lakes,
along the borders of which, especially on the
lee-side, fruits are found to flourish with the
greatest success. In a country interspersed
with clumps and belts of woodlands, the snows
drift less, and their melting more evenly over
the surface cannot fail to be beneficial to the
interests of agriculture, and more especially to
meadows and pastures.

HEMLOCK RAILROAD TIES.

During November, ©1866, the Rovk Island
railroad laid 2,000 hemlock eross ties that had
been saturated with chloride of zine in the read
bed of the main line, some three-fourths of a
mile west of Englewood, as an experiment.
Last Saturday these ties were examined, and
several of them brought to the company’s office
in Chicago. Some of them were found in good
state of preservation, while others that had
been rejected were. found sound within, but
were rotten on the surface where exposed to the
wet. Hemlock is considered very poor as re-
gards its preserving qualities. It is also claimed
that it usually commences decaying in the
center, Near these hemlock ties were some oak
ties that were laid in 1873, some of which were
badly decayed. Upon these.specimen ties had —
been laid at the same time steel rails from Eng-
land, where they still remain, they also having
been placed there on test.

Tuky ALL Do mt.—Everybody uses ‘‘TSABERRY” for —
the teeth and breath, the newest, brightest, cosiest
little toilet gem extant. Try a 5 cent sample.

oe

a

ee ee EE =

RAFTING OPERATIONS AT THE FRED-

ERICTON BOOMS.

———>—_——_.

THE LUMBER CUT ON THE ST. JOHN AND ITS
TRIBUTARIES.

One of the grandest sights to be seen in the

Province and one that would well reward a

journey of many miles, is the enormous mass of
logs, estimated at over 50,000,000 feet, at pre-
sent lying in the new boom of the Fredericton
Boom Company at Sugar Island, above Fred-
ericton. A fine view of tho logs can be obtain-
ed from the Keswick bank, which, at this point,
rises toa considerable height above the level of
the river. Competent judges pronounce it to
be the largest mass of logs ever collected to-
gether on the St. John. The logs lie in a
natural pocket, the sides of which are formed
by the mainland and the Island shore, with the
base resting upon and being supported by enor-
mous piers built up from,the flat rock bottom
of the river, a height of 28 feet, the larger ones
being each loaded with over 150 cords of stone.
There are some 14 piers all told, including side
piers to which booms are hung to keep the logs
off the low parts of the Island shore, and a few
supporting piers on the main shore. The break-
ing up of the ice at an unusually early period
last spring, prevented the completion of all the
proposed piers, and it was feared by some that
the boom would, therefore, prove too weak to
hold the great run of logs, but these fears fortu-
nately turned out to be groundless, though the
boom was tested by one of the greatest freshets
ever known on the river. When the grand rush
of logs came, the current was so strong that
after the boom had partially filled the logs
began to ‘‘run under,” and at such a rate that
for three days there was little or no increase on
the surface, million after million disappearing
from sight as soon as they touched the edge of
the jam—the consequence being that the logs as
they now lie in the boom are piled to a depth of
twenty-five feet. Had the water risen above
the tops of the piers the booms would have been
torn away and the great mass of logs, thrown
into the current, would have swept all before it,
wrecking the old Fredericton boom miles below,
and strewing thé shores of the river on down
through Sunbury and Queens. As it was, the
water came within a few feet of the top of the
piers, which, though built on the flat sand-stone
bottom of the river, were so strongly construct-
ed and heavily weighted with stone that they
nobly withstood the enormous and somewhat
unexpected strain. It is the intention of the
agent of the company, Stephen Glasier, Esq.,
under whose personal direction this boom (as
well as all the others along the river) was con-
structed, to further strengthep it next winter,
and to raise the piers five feet higher. The
boom space at Sugar Island is from two to three
miles long, and, if required, 100,000,000, or

double the amount now in the boom, can be.

held there. The logs are conducted into the
Sugar Island boom from the natural channel of
the river by means of Pond’s sheer booms, an
invention that has to a great extent

REVOLUTIONIZED THE RUNNING AND DRIVING
of lumber on the St. John. Formerly the logs
floated down with the current, great numbers
being deposited on low lands where they were
left high and dry by the receding freshet, only
to be removed later in the season by the
“stream drivers” with great labor and at con-
siderable expense. In addition to the delay
thus caused in getting the logs to market, the
log owners had to indemnify the farmers for the
damage to their intervale and island lands
eansed by the deposit and removal of the drift
logs. Now, sheer booms, placed at various
points along the upper St. John and its chief

_ tributaries, keep the logs in the current of the

river and carry them by the low lands, on
which they would otherwise lodge. Not only is
the work of stream-driving thus reduced to a
minimum, but the logs are hurried on to the
Fredericton booms, and consequently to market,
ata much earlier date than by the old method,
The almost sirnultaneous arrival at the booms
of the great mass of the cut on the upper waters
has necessitated a radical change of operationg
om the part of the

VYEREDERICTON BOOM COMPANY, ;
which has been successfully earried out this
weaum on 4 large wale, In former years the

of this season’s operations.
boom at Sugar Island, above described, was

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. ; 5

several booms below Fredericton on the Lincoln
and Maugerville shores were sufficient to meet

‘the demand, the first run being rafted so as to

make room for successive arrivals, but when
the drives began to come in more rapidly it was
found necessary to provide more extended boom
facilities. The old boom ground had been well
chosen, though despite all precautions the hooms
were occasionally broken by the pressure of the
run of logs in the spring, supplemented by high
winds and heavy freshets, entailing an outlay
for the recovery of the logs along the shores of
Sunbury and Queens that materially reduced
the profits of the company. There were other
localities, of course, that might have been
chosen for the booms, less exposed to the rake
of the wind and sweep of the freshet currents,
but they lacked one great essential—the current
would carry the running logs away from, instead
of into them. But even this seemingly insur-
mountable obstacle has been met and overcome
by the application of Pond’s sheer booms, an
invention whereby the course of running logs
can be directed towards cither shore at will, de-
spite the set of the current. After a series of
experiments with the sheer boom, it was decid-
ed to locate a large boom on the Douglas shore,
between the island, and the main land, into
which logs could be directed by a sheer boom
placed at the head of the island. This boom is
attached to thirteen jam and seven sunken
piers, is about two and a half miles in length,
and will hold nearly forty million feet. ‘This
venture proved to be a decided success, proving
conclusively that the company acted wisely,
when enlarging their facilities, in selecting a
site at Douglas. Rafting operations were car-
ried on there with great rapidity last summer,
the only drawback being the delay caused by
the unusual lowness of the water at one time.
In addition to the booms there, the company
put up suitable buildings for the accommoda-
tion of the men, a cook house, stables, business
office, &e.

The addition of the Douglas boom enabled

the company to successfully catch, hold and

raft all the logs cut for the past two or three
years ; but the indications of an increased out-
put for 1881 lead the company to make a still

further enlargement to meet the requirgments
To this end, the

constructed last winter, and it has proved to be

one of the best moves ever made by the

company.
THE SEASON’S WORK.

The operations of the Fredericton Boom
Company this season have been on, an unusu-
ally large scale. They have, so far, received
some 125,000,000 ft., divided as follows : 50,000, -

000 in the Sugar Island boom ; 30,000,000 in the

Douglas boom, and the balance in the Gill,
Glasier, Sterling and Mitchell booms, below
Fredericton. Some idea of the extent of their
operations may be formed when it is stated that
it is about 18 miles from the foot of the Mitchell
boom in Lincoln to the head of the boom at
Sugar Island. None of these booms in any way
interfere with the free navigation of the river
either above or below Fredericton. The com-
pany employ some 250 men this season, includ-
ing drivers and sheer boom men, Rafting
operations are carried on at Douglas, where 200
joints per day are made up, ana at the Mitchell
boom, below Fredericton, where the day’s
work averages about 140 joints, One hundred
men are working at Douglas and about eighty
men at the Mitchell boom. The logs in the
Sugar Island boom will be run down to the
Douglas boom, some little distance below, and
rafted there as fast as possible. The Douglas
boom is so constructed that rafts from the Kes-
wick, at its head, can be floated down through
into deep water below, for towing to market.
It is expected that all the logs in the Mitchell
boom will be rafted in about a week, when the
crew of rafters will be transferred to the old
rafting ground at the Glasier boom. The entire
operations are in charge of Stephen Glasier,
Esq., the veteran agent of the company, and so
far this season without the loss of a single log.

It is estimated that there are about 20,000, -
000 yet to come down the river, though much
more is hung up high and dry by the sudden
fall of water in the main river and tributary
streams.

on the Nashwaak during the past winter, con-
fining his operations exclusively to that, section.
It was thought that he would get out some
fifty millions, but the actual output will fall
short of that figure.
out in one locality, he concentrated a large
force there, having 90 span of horses hauling
out to one landing, though over two roads. He
has the Nashwaak so well provided with dams
that he can get water enough to carry down his
logs at any time desired.
logs were got out early. They are being sawed
at his mills on the Nashwaak, and at Morrison

is estimated at about five millions, all of which

information, shows that independent of Mr.

‘are all at work towing rafts down to this port.

and E. P. Stikes, Buffalo.

bushels of corn per diem, and so arranged that
it could be enlarged to a capacity of 5,000 bush-
els.
ade, on the water lots granted by the City
Council three weeks ago to Mr. Holt for that
purpose.
corn and coal can be received direct into the
factory from all the railways or by boat on the
water side, and goods will be shipped in the
same manner.

built of brick with stone foundations on piles

ed experts have been secured. The latest pat

OTHER OPERATIONS. 1
Mr, Alex. re ei done a heavy business Penetanguishene Foundry
AND
MACHINE SHOP
CRAIG & CAMERON, Proprietors.

The undersigned beg to announce to the public that
they are prepared to make all kinds of Mill and
Steamboat Brass and Iron Castings.

All kinds of PLOW CASTINGS kept on hand.
Pointe and Landsides a specialty.

We have first-class machinery and are prepared to do
all kinds of TURNING or PLANING on ghort notice.

We hope by strict attention to business and moderate
charges, to merit a share of the public patronage.

427 All work guaranteed.

Finding the spruce dying

Plow

This season all his
G. A. CRAIG.

1y117 C. CAMERON.

SAMUEL WINDRIM,

MANUFACTURER OF

Agricultural Implements, Etc

MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED WITII THE SERVICES OF
AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
of intending purchasers of Reaping Machines, that I
have now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIPTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. Lijtf

J.G. EDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT,

ary Be Se HB Se = eh. ope

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
ty CHAINS, ROPE,and saz

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.
A, L. UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT.

lytl6

P. FREYSENG & CO.

PROPRIETORS OF THE

Dominion Cork Cutting Co

BY IMPROVED MACHINERY.

Az All Kinds of Corks in stock and Cut to
Order. Corks & Life Preseryvers a Specialty.
Corkwood, Tinfoil, Capsules, Wire, &c.

71 Jarvis Street, TORONTO.

S.S. MOTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

447 P.S.—Also on hand 120 M dry Oak 2 to 4 inches
thick, will be sold cheap to close it out. lyLi6

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.
b26

and Robinson’s mills below Fredericton.
The output on the Keswick river this season

will be rafted on that river.
A careful estimate, based on the most reliable

Gibson’s operations, about two hundred million
feet have been cut on the St. John and its tri-
butaries during the past winter.

The tugboats of Messrs. D. D. Glasier & Son

The water is unusually low for the time of
year, much to the annoyance of operators on
small streams.—St. John Sun.

NEW INDUSTRIES.

Two gentlemen intend to apply to the Coun-
cil at their next meeting for exemption for a
term of years for an extensive tannery which
they propose establishing in Toronto.

It is expected that in about four months an
important new industry will be in full running
order in this city. An application has been
made for a charter to incorporate the “ Toronto
Grape Sugar Company,” having a capital of
$200,000, the applicants being the Hon. Thomas
N. Gibbs, Oshawa ; Messrs. James Michie, John
Leyes, James McGhee, James 8. Holt, Toronto ;
Plans are being pre-
pared for a factory with a capacity to use 2,000

The factory will be erected on the Esplan-

Arrangements will be made so that

The refinery will be eight stories
high, with an elevator tower on top, and will be

driven into the rock. To get the buildings
erected as rapidly as possible the electric light
may be used, so, that building operations may be
carried on both day and night. The company
will employ about. 150 hands, and the best skill-

6116

ents and improvements will also be introduced.
The property has been exempted from taxation
by the.City Council and a 21 years’ lease of the
water lots, 133 feet by 375 feet, obtained at a
nominal rental.—Zoronto Globe.
—————
Two Thousand Dollars.

The easiest, cheapest and best way to secure
the aboye amount is to apply for membership
in the Mutual Benefit Association of Rochester,
N.Y. Pay Dr. S. B. Pollard, 56 Bay Street,
one dollar for four medical examinations, he
will send your application to the head office, if
you are accepted as a member they will issue a
certificate of membership, which, on payment
of eight dollars, entitles you to full benefits as a
member, should you die to-morrow, next day,
next week, next month, or any time within
three months, this Association will pay to your
heirs, or assigns, the sum of two thousand
dollars. At the expiration of the three months
all you haye to do is to pay your pro rata
amount, which is from 20 to 75 cents on the
death of some other member, who has done
nothing worse than to die during the three
months just past. By paying your assessments
on deaths, you keep your certificate alive, and
at the commencement of the second year you
are assessed two dollars per thousand to keep up
office expenses, etc., for the next year. No
casier, surer or better schemes to carry two
thousand dollars has ever been devised than the
Mutual Benefit Associates, of Rochester, N,Y_

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

J. K. POST & CO.

LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.

OSWHEHGO, N.

Ps

L12-1 y

Flexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, L16

A STEAM MILL is to be erected at Wood Point,
by the Bay of Fundy Quarrying Co. The build-
ing will by 60x40, the engine 60 horse-power.
It is the intention’ of the Company to saw
dimensions and other lumber for the Boston and
New York markets, to be shipped with their
cargoes of stone.

WANTED,

An efficient and reliable correspondent for the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, in each of the following cities, viz. :

MONTREAL, QUEBEC,
and HAMILTON.

For futher information, address

TOKER & CO.,
CANADA LUMBERMAN OFFICE, PUBLISHERS.
Peterborough, Ont., June 13th, 1881.

From Manchester, N.H., we are informed
that there is a large increase in the lumber trade
in that section this year as compared with for-
mer years. Local mills are doing a large trade
in hemlock and spruce which are still to be had
in large quantities in the northern part of that
State and in Vermont, while their chief supply
of cedar shingles come from Sherbrooke,
Quebec, and retail at $3.50 to $4.25 per 1,000.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

Mr. J. R. BARBER, of Georgetown, has paid
the membership fee of the Mechanics’ Institute
of that town for forty of his employees. This is
certainly commendable, and we know many em-
ployers who would not miss the amount thus
expended. Indeed we are quite sure that if
more encouragement were given young men
there would be less carousing and drinking and
more werk performed.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription ;:

One copy, one year, in advance...........+...4%
One copy, six months, in advance...............

Advertising Rates :

Wr have been aware for some time that
negotiations were pending for the sale of the
entire lumbering property of Messrs. McDougall

Pérline, LOF ONE VEAT Ms cccesccucsevceussvovnele $0 90 Smi
Per line, ROM {SUX GI OWCIS srs tatorei sy foVe atoiode/a/aielefole o7elayals 50 & Co., Harwood, to Mr. R. ¢ C. Smith, of
Per line, for three months.............se0e+e00e 30] Fenelon Falls, and we are now in a position to
Per line, for first InSeTbION....-cccerssecercrvoce 10] state that the sale has been completed, and that

Per line, for each subsequent insertion to 3 mo’s.
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
per annum
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
LOVISIXALODUIS \isteisl-lelslsipeielelssis\sicla/eie(elatnlalsle/etelels
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines perannum 6 00
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo’s 3 00

Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
least three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Tokrr & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion In the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

Mr. Smith is now in full possession. We also
understand that Mr. Smith has some idea of
transferring the machinery now in the mill at
Harwood to the French River, where he owns
extensive limits,

8 00
5 00

A LARGE lumber business is being carried on
by parties in Bridgewater, Nova Scotia, Messrs.
E. D, Davison & Son’s two mills will cut during
the season 15,000,000 feet of lumber; Dufus &
Co.’s mill at Summerside will cut 6,000,000 ;
C. H. Chase expects to cut 2,500,000 ; Alex.
Nelson will cut 1,000,000 ft.; Jas. A. Curll ex”
pects also to cut 1,000,000 feet, a total of 25,500,
000 feet lumber, a gain of about eight per cent.
This gives employment to 700 men, and supports
3,000 people. This is good for the County of
Lunenburg.

Ovr readers will have noticed that for som
time past the universal ery from Britain h
been a drill and drooping timber market. Not-
withstanding that every market, except those
depending upon the British market, on this side
of the Atlansic has been firm with a decidedly
upward tendency, Under such a state of affairs
is does seem to us somewhat strange that our
eastern shippers, and especially those of New
Brunswick, do not turn their attention to the
“booming” markets in the Eastern States.
Even if they netted no more money by shipping
to the latter market than they would by ship-
ping across the Atlantic, such shipments would
relieve the British market from its present
glutted state, and doubtless secure for them
better prices for what they did send there.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. JULY 15, 1881,

TuE Ottawa Free Press, in speaking of THE
CanapA LUMBERMAN, says :—“‘ It is a splendid
industrial publication, devoted mainly to the
lumbering business.”

LuMBER is very firm at Davenport, and some
lots are sold above present list; a few days of
dry weather and the advance will become
general on all common or low grades.

A MInNeEsota lumberman estimates that
Manitoba alone will take 40,000,000 of lumber
from that state this season. If that proves to
be so, our friends of the saw in the west must
be having a good time of it. -

Tur lumber business of McGraw & Co., at
Tonawanda, has been transferred to the Export
Lumber Company, (limited) of 87 Wall street,
New York, having been purchased by that con
cern. The company is a very extensive firm,
and one of the largest buyers in the eastern
market, and Tonawandians are jubilant over
the acquisition to their business interests. The
company possesses a capital af $150,000, and
transacts mostly an export business, as its name
indicates. It has leased, for a number of years,
from the McGraw estate, the eligible and desir-
able docks and river front owned by them at
Tonawanda, giving it excellent facilities for
receiving lumber or forwarding it, either by rail
or canal. The concern has bonded yards at
Hunter’s Point, Long Island, and Hochelaga
‘dock, Montreal, in addition to its New York
branches, and its fine property in Tonawanda,
The yards at Toriawanda will be stocked up at
once with the product of the western mills. Mr.
Mackintosh is to be the local manager, and has
already entered upon the duties connected with
his position, and assumed control of the busi-

ness,

EASTERN buyers are reported as operating
largely in the west just now, and are securing
all the lumber they can in Michigan at an
advance of from one to three dollars per thou-
sand as compared with the prices ruling in
_ January 1880.

THE Northwestern Lumbermanis our authority
for stating that manufacturers and buyers in
the west have discovered that the lumber made
from maple logs cut in winter and sawn before
the 1st of July, is worth $2. thousand more
than if the sawing be done after the date
named,

Tur yards throughout St. Louis all report. a
fine trade, with brilliant prospects for the
future. Figures on white pine grades are very
firm, with a strong tendency toward advance.
Quotations on yellow pine are very low, and
still falling. The advance of from 50c, to $1
per 1,000 feet on white pine in Chicago, and a
change will naturally .be followed at St. Louis
in the next ten or fifteen days, if not sooner,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

EXPLORATIONS ON THE UPPER OTTAWA

We learn from the Toronto Globe that about
the 20th of June Mr. Niven, P.L.S., of Hali-
burton, was despatched on an exploratory sur-
vey of the country north of Lake Nipissing. He
took with him two exploring parties, and ex-
pects to occupy about three months in the
work, The district to be explored commences
about twelve miles north of the lake, and ex-
tends northward to Lake Tamagamingue,
which lies half way between Lake Nipissing
and Lake Tamiscamingue, where the Ottawa
takes its rise. The Ottawa on the east and
Wahnapitacping and the Wahnapitac River on
the west are the utmost limits of this explora-
tion, which includes an area of sixty miles in
length between these limits, by a breadth north
and south of twenty-four miles. An exploration
of this kind has not been made in this Province
for very many years, the work of filling in the
rough outlines of the early explorers having
occupied the attention of the Crown Lands
Department.

THE OBJECT OF THE EXPLORATION.

The question of timber limits has no doubt
something to do with the exploration, but the
meagre information regarding the soil and
climate of this territory has been such as to
lead to a desire to know something definite’re-
garding its capacity as a grain growing district.
What little is known indicates that the soil is
possibly better than on the Ottawa south of
Matawan, and the climate sufficiently warm for
the cultivation of wheat. In the instructions
given to Mr. Niven the objects of the explora-
tion are set forth as follows :—

1. To run the outlines in a block of certain
townships, to act hereafter as a base in their
subdivision*

2. To ascertain by exploration as far as prac-
ticable the general nature of the soil, timber,
minerals, &c., in the field of operations,

MR. NIVEN’S INSTRUCTIONS,

Many of the instructions given Mr. Niven
are on minor details, which, however important
to the department, have little interest for the
public. Other instructions are of a general
character, leaving much to the exercise of the
common sense of the explorer. It is the inten-
tiongof the Government to extend through this
territory the same system of suryery as is in
existence on the north shore of Lake Huron,
and this information is a guide for the general
outlines to be mapped by Mr. Niven. The de-
parting point of the exploring party is the north-
east angle of the new township of Field. From
this angle a line is to be drawn due north, and
at intervals of six miles posts are to be planted,
and other indications made to guide future sur-
veyors in laying out townships. Six miles
north of the angle referred to a base line is to
be drawn to the west, and a similar plan adopt-
ed in marking for the north and south bound-
aries of the townships. By a base line to the
east and other lines at right anges to it, the
whole district is to be laid out asa base for
future sub-divisions.

Mr. Niven is also instructed to explore for
six miles on each side of his -base lines, and for
this purpose he is to select fit men, with a good
knowledge of land suitable for agricultural pur-
poses, and of trees suitable for merchantable
timber. These men are also to haye consider-
able facility in keeping notes of their explora-
tions, and in the use of the pocket compass.
The natural features of the «country are to be
shown, and Mr. Niven has also to examine the
rock formation, collect small specimens of fixed
rocks, attaching to each a number and notting
in his field-book the exact locality in which
each specimen has“been found. If the rdck is
stratified its dip is also to be observed. He is
also to ascertain by ostronomical observations
the latitude of different points, and, if time per-
mit, is to sketch in the position and extent of
Lake Tamagaminque.

Reading the Ads,

Our readers will find items of interest in our
advertising columns. Among our regular ad-
vertisers will be found such a variety of
essentials, with the various other matters dir-
ectly connected therewith, that a careful perusal
will in nearly every case develope something in
the way of information that must become
divectly valuable to our readers,

THE FUTURE OF LUMBER.

So much has been written and said concern-

ing the rapidity with which our forests are
being felled in lumbering operations that it

would not be surprising if corners in the coal

market were, ere long, attempted. It has in a

number of cases, been ‘‘ ciphered out” that our

timber supplies will be exhausted within thirty —

years, if the present rate of lumber production
is maintained, some writers have even placed —
the evil day no farther off than twenty years,
Were these croakers in a position to verify
their predictions, the situation would be, in-
deed, alarming, but, as the trade has not as yet
experienced any lack of material with which to

operate, it may be assumed by outsiders, that

no grave apprehensions as to the future are
entertained by those most vitally interested.
That our production and consumption of lum-

ber is enormous, must be obvious to the most

casual thinker; that our present sources of
supply must eventually be abandoned is freely
admitted, but the Lumber World does not anti~
cipate that its children’s children will be com-
pelled to forego the comfort and elegance of a
walking stick, or dine off cast iron tables. It
should be remembered when “ exhaustion of our

timber supplies” is spoken of, that pine is gener-—

ally referred to, but there is yet standing in the
states of Wisconsin, Michigan and Minnesota a
sufficient supply to meet the demands for a
great many years to come, The timbered region
of Texas is also immense, while Georgia is, and
has been for many years, a great lumber produc-
ing state. Even Pennsylvania has thousands
upon thousands of acres of timber lands in
which the ring of the woodman’s axe has never
been heard, and away down in Maine large
amounts of lumber are being, and for many
years to come will continue to be, produced. It
is true that the cost of log getting is yearly in-
creasing, owing to the necessity for going
farther and farther inland, away from the
rivers and streams, and, because the distance

| logs must be hauled before banking, is yearly

becoming greater. This, however, should by no
means be accepted as indicating an alarming
decrease in our timber supply, but, rather, as
evidencing an increase in its value.

Our importations of Canadian lumber, while
already of respectable proportions, are smal] in
comparison to what they might, and in the not
far distant futurc, probably will be. Were it
not for our protective tariff, it is doubtful if
western pine would command much attention in
eastern markets, and it requires no prophet to
see that if western pine becomes so scarce as to
advance in price, beyond the limit at which the
Canadian article, paying duty, can be profitably
imported, then will Canadian pine usurp and
hold the position of prominence, and, as one of
our contemporaries puts it, immense as the pre-
sent accessible sources of lumber in Canada are
known to be, recent explorations have shown
that the vast solitude to the south and west of
Hudson Bay is an almost unbroken forest of
white and red pine and their congeners. This
region, which the imagination, in default of
accurate information, has pictured as the
mother of icebergs and the home of polar bears,
is now found to be one highly inviting, if not to
the farmer, at least to the lumberman. Ice and
snow for one-half the year are his hand-maidens,
Through their assistance he is enabled to “‘skid”
and “bank” his logs along the streams on
which, when the spring thaw comes, they are
borne without appreciable cost to the point o
manufacture on the coast.—Lumber World.

AN iron steamship of 1,500 tons, named the |

Campana, has been bought in England and is to

be placed on the Lake Superior route from ~

Collingwood to Duluth. She sailed from Lon-
don on-Jnne 27th for Montreal, is of light draft,
and generally adapted for lake traffic.

SEVERAL mills owners in the County of Sim-_

coe have been fined for allowing sawdust from

their mills to get into the streams, among them
are Wm. Train, Thomsonville, and Tackaberry,
of Tecumseth. The former was fined twice.

B. Youne’s saw mill at Apple River, N.B.,
was burned two weeks ago, with some lumber

in proximity. The sleds and camps in the —

woods, used by the men, were fired at the same
time. Incendiarism is believed to haye been the
cause,

.

«

|
7

"

IDLE CAPITAL.
La Minerve, of Montreal, calls attention to a
_yery important question in the general interest.
We refer to the very large amount of capital
which has accumulated and is actually lying
idle in our banks. And as our contemporary
remarks, the evil continues to steadily increase,
the deposits largely exceeding the amount of the
paid up capital and revenue and constituting
nearly the half of the general fund of our banks.
According to the last report the-state of the
Quebec and Ontario Banks stood as follows :—

Capital paid up....: 2-2... sece0es $63,580,360
Notes in circulation................ 24,974,693
0 PT TE Se eerosen aan 83,830,645

The first of the above sums is the exclusive
property of the banks themselves, and the share-
holders are interested in its management. But
the administration of the remainder is a subject
of general interest ; for the country at large is
concerned in the deposits and circulation. It
appears by the bank statements to the end of

December that more than half of the general
fund of the banks is held in reserve by them, or

something more than the deposits. It is very

much to be desired that a portion at least of

this enormous amount of idle capital should find
employment to benefit the country. We here

touch upon a very great and delicate question—

the monetary circulation. Can we believe that
the hard times have passed away altogether,
while so much money is laying idle, so to say,
held captive by fear or the lack of advantageous
issues? With prosperity already returned, what
would be the state of affairs if all our resources
were brought into play. It is.true that the
banks have only a limited control over deposits
and that it was only with difficulty that they
can touch them. And the proof that they
hardly ever do so, and that they are always
ready to pay them on call is to be found in the
largeness of their reserves. In reality, these
moneys are private property, only placed there
as a measure of safety, and its owners would not
allow the banks to risk it in an industry which
they do not dare to invest it themselves, In the
merntime, what might not be done for the good
of the country with these vast hoards? It is to
be hoped that as industry increases, confidence
in industrial investments will revive and our
capitalists will more largely place their money
in them, instead of locking it up in the banks or
converting it into bank shares.—Quebec Budget.

TRADES’ UNION DESPOTISM.

It is practically demonstrated that the
Trades’ Union organization, so far as to increase
the wages of employes, is a dead failure. “The
loss by strikes to the individuals is very serious
in many families, and to the country at large it
is enormous. Any effort that shall wipe out
this heresy and open the eyes of the blind will
be a great blessing. If manufacturers and em-
ployers generally would consult the interest of
all concerned, by agreeing on a course of com-
bined action to resist this most oppressive des.
potism, they would do a great sérvice. Suppose
first, that they would resolve to give a preference
to non-union men in employing operitives, and
suppose, secondly, that they would give as
wages ten per cent. more to non-union men than
to those belonging to the union. Non-union
men are preferable, because they are not liable
0 be called off from work at any time when a
strike is ordered. They are their own masters,
and can stop work when they think best and not
at the dictation of others. Look at the present
strike in the city of New York—hundreds walk-
ing the streets, and instead of getting $10 to $20
per week, yet nothing but a pittance handed to
them as an act of charity! Instead of earning
their support by honest work, they are lounging
and others work to feed them! In fact, they
fill the bill as first-class paupers instead of
honest, industrious mechanics,

When men can lift themselves up by their
thirt collars, then they may be able to increase

their wages by joining unions. Supply and de-
mand will ever, as it always has, fix the price

Paid for labor. It is inevitable, and the most

ingenious combinations cannot prevent it. The

door in this country ia opened very wide to the

On every hand industry is assured

8 Good living, if not “roast beef and plum pud-

ing every day,” sufficient that is good and

a.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN. 7

wholesome. Besides, there are millions of acres

of land ready to yield an abundant supply of
the necessaries of life. Who are those that get
up trades’ unions, pretending that capital is
oppressing the laborer. Capital and labor must
act in unison : one is necessary for the other ; in
fact, labor creates capital, why then should men
attempt to array one against the other? Simply
from interested motives! If each individual
would take care of himself and not surrender, a
willing slave, to stop work at command, he
would not only be better off but independent.
Why sacrifice our independence and move at the
bidding of others, ‘‘ Men and brethren, think
of these things.”—Boston Journal of Commerce.

READER HAvE You TriepD every known remedy for
Chronic diseases, Impure Blood, disordered Liver or
Kidneys, nervous and General Debility, Constipation
of the Bowels, with the manifold sufferings pertaining
thereto? Have you given up in despair? Try Bur-
dock Blood Bitters; it will not fail you. A trial
bottle only costs 10 cents, regular size $1. Any dealer
in medicine can supply you.

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,
paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000 ; and above
percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. iys16
Wanted.

A SECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER ; also a LATH
MACHINE, both in good repair. Reply stating lowest
cash terms or particulars to Box 1002, Peterborough.110

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and COMPLETE
CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteen

foot head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough. 110
Orillia House,
ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north o
Toronto; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free ’bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.
McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE. ~ P

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

bw WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

_ Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. Jyh
ee

St. Louis Hotel.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.

This hotel, which is unrivalled for size, style and
locality in Quebec, is open throughout the year for
pleasure and business travel. b18

Queen’s Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE.

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) having lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free ’bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 perday. 20

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS,

47 Every accommodation for Commercial and
LUMBERMEN,
114 W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor,

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and larly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find “Fraser's” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are well furnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free "bus to and from trains and
steamboats, b26

Northey's Steam Pump Works

MINING PUMPS,
PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
OIL PIPE LINES,
And CITY WATER WORKS.

BOILER FEED PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS,
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and
WRECKING PUMPS.

No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SEND FOR CIRCULAR. “7-1y

Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever 0 fered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoyes are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each 16
X 24x26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them.: They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.
The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.

ApaM ITAuL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove lL have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

Ap4m HAtt, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880.

A. HALt, Peterborough. “Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

qin

f Sqiutlitittle

meee

SS SSS
SOLPK. SUITE. &C* ENG.

The QUEEN'S HOTEL, TORONTO, CANADA
McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.

ZS Patronized by Royalty and the best families, Prices gradu®ted according to rooms, b20

SS

:
.

——

Chips.

WHEN they build a new saw mill the first
thing they do to popularize it is to send circulars
around, That indicates business.

Some days ago Messrs. Hamilton & Dunlop,
of Brantford, made a shipment of native wines
to San Francisco. These wines are the growth
of the Vin Villa Vineyard, and are becoming
more popular as they are better known.

Rosert GRIFFIN, for some time in the em-
ploy of Messrs, H. B. Rathbun & Son as book-
keeper at Napanee, was arrested in Montreal
on the 30th ult., on the charge of misappropri-
ating monies passing through his hands. The
deficit so far as known at the time of his arrest,
footed up some $600.

Iv is an interesting circumstance, in connec-
tion with development of our manufactures, to
learn that Messrs. Belding, Paul & Co., manu-
facturers of silk in Montreal, have brought to
this country an experienced weaver from Coven-
try, the seat of silk weaving in England, and
are beginning to make silk ribbons under his
management.

THE Messrs. Shaw, the great American tan-
ners, have bought the Foundry block, near
Woodstock, N.B., containing 8,500 acres, as
well as another block north of it, for $30,000.
They have bought this land on account of the
hemlock trees which are growing on it. We
understand that bark was lately worth on the
cars in Massachusetts, $12 per cord,—Capital,

THE pulp factory at Sherbrooke, of Messrs.
Ferguson & Co., has met with marked success
since its establishment, and is now running
night and day, turning out thirty tons a week,
nearly all of which goes to New England paper
makers. Spruce lumber is used altogether for
producing pulp, and the factory, which has 800
available horse-power, runs five ‘‘ grinders ” and
three ‘‘ wet machines,”

A QUANTITY of worsted combing machinery is
being put into D. McCrae & Co’s factory at
Guelph, which is to work on Canadian wools.
These machines are very valuable and have been
brought from Great Britain specially for manu-
facturing yarns of the Canadian long wool,
which formerly had to be sent to the United
States to be made up. In order to make room
for the new machinery the offices of the firm
have been removed to an adjoining building.

Pror. N, H. WincHELL, state geologist of
Minnesota, estimates the amount of pine lum-
ber suitable for manufacturing, still standing in
that state, at 5,760,000,000 feet. This includes
the several Indian reservations, on which are
many millions of feet of excellent pine, and a
tract on the Big Fork river, whose waters are
now drained into the Rainy Lake river, and it
seems from the facts obtained, the 250,000,000
or 300,000,000 feet on that stream, Bowstring
Lake and the tributaries thereto, may be float-
ed down the Mississippi.—ZLumber World.

Messrs. A. W. Oaitvig & Co., of the
Glenora Mills, Montreal, have just completed
rebuilding their extensive mills on the Lachine
Canal, and have adopted the new Hungarian
Roller process in its entirety. The plans were
made by Messrs. E. Pallis & Co., of Milwaukee,
who have fitted out a large number of mills in
the States, and the mill contains sixty-six of the
new roller machines, with all the accompanying
appurtenances, affording a capacity of 750 bar-
rels a day. Tho Messrs, Ogilvie are erecting a
mill at Winnipeg, intended to be a counterpart
of the above.

4. business of the Grand Trunk Railway
was never more active than now, especially the
portion of its lines in Western Ontario. A
Stratford paper of last week describes the situa-
tion as especially lively on Tuesday, which, it
avers, was the heaviest day ever known on the
road. In addition to the regular trains between
Sarnia and Stratford, there were 19 special
freight trains, the total number arriving at and
leaving Stratford station during the 24 hours
being 144, of which 27 were passenger trains.
This averaged one for every 23 minutes, and
there was not an hour’s detention, 4 record un-
precedented for a single track, and creditable
to the staff who handled such a bulk of traffic so
expeditiously, »

‘handled with less labor,

THE CANADA

RE-SAWING LUMBER,

There is yet to be further improyement in
the manufacture and distribution of lumber in
this country, and there are some reasons for ex-
pecting it will come in the adoption of the
English system of cutting timber into deals and
the re-sawing nearer the point of consumption.
While wood is so abundant and comparatively
cheap as now, the present plan of cutting at the
forest mills lumber of all the thicknesses desir-
ed in consumption will probably be continued,
But when timber becomes scarcer and advances
in price correspondingly, it will not do to waste
one-fourth of the wood in cuting it into inch
boards. Thinner saws will be required ; saws
cutting with greater regularity as to thickness
and securing a surface that will not have to be
cut away so much in planing. The circular
saw, with its quarter inch set, its wasteful kirf
and production of rough and furrowed surfaces,
will be laid aside except for slabbing, and the
gang saw alone be used in the forest mills for
producing plank deals or cants, These will be
transported to the lumber marts, or points of
distribution, and re-sawed with the thinner and
most perfect saws which can be produced,
Every sixteenth of an inch sawed in the width
of the kerf saves one thousand feet of lumber in
every sixteen sawed. Another reason which
will demand the production at the forest mills
of deals instead of lumber cut to the yarious
thicknesses in use, when timber shall become
more valuable, will be the saving in the cost of
transportation. As lumber advances in price
the economy of handling and transportation
will be a matter requiring more consideration.
Deals can be transported more cheaply than
inch boards, for one reason because they can be
Another advantage
in re-sawing would be that the necessity of
keeping on hand larger stocks in order to have
the necessary assortments would be reduced,
as the dimensions needed could be cut from
deals on hand. Re-sawing will produce smoother
lumber, because thinner saws may be used and
run at a greater Speed. The change in the man-
ner of cutting and distributing lumber may not
be immediately at hand, but it will take not
many years hence. It will, no doubt, come on
gradually ; but as the manufacture of lumber
recedes from the means of cheap transportation
by water and the railroads have to be depended
on, the cutting of their lumber at the mills will
gradually cease, except for near-by-points.—
Lumberman’s Gazette,

DIRECTIONS FOR THE USE OF BELTS,

The putting on of belts should be done by a
person acquainted with the use of belting, and
too much judgment cannot be exercised in this
respect, as the wear of the belt depends con-
siderably on the manner in which it is put on,
therefore tho following suggestions, if practiced,
will be of much service to person, in this capa-
city. The butts to be joined together should be
cut perfectly square with the belt, in order that
one side of the band may not be drawn tighter
than the other, For the joining of belts, good
lace-leather, if properly used, being soft and
pliable, will always give satisfaction. Where
belts run vertically, they should always be
drawn moderately tight, or the weight of the
belt will not allow it to adhere closely to the
lower pulley, but in all other cases they should
be slack. In many instances the tearing out of

‘lace holes is unjustly attributed to poor belting,

when, in reality, the fault lies in having a belt
too short, and trying to force it together by
lacing, and the more leather has been stretched
while being manufactured, the more liable it is
to be complained of. ‘All leather belting should
occasionally be greased with the following mix-
ture, or it may become dry and will not adhere
to the pulleys: 1 gallon of neat’s foot or tanner’s
oil, 1 gallon of tallow, 12 ownces of resin ; dis_
solve by heating and mix well together. During
the winter Season an extra quantity of oil should
be added to the mixture. To obtain the greatest
amount of power from belts the pulleys should
be covered with leather; this will allow the
belts to be run very slack, and give 25 per cent,
more wear. More power can be obtained from
using the grain side of a belt to the pulley than
from the flesh side, as the belt adheres more
closely to the pulley ; but there is this about it
—the belt will not last half so long, for when

LUMBERMAN.

the grain, which is very thin, is worn off, the
substance of the belt is gone, and it then
quickly gives out ; so that I would advise the
more saving plan of obtaining power by driving
with wider belts, and covering the pulleys with
leather. Where belts are run in very damp
places, or exposed to the weather, I would re-
commend the use of rubber belting ; but for
ordinary use it will not give the satisfaction
which is so generally obtained from using oak
leather belting, as it cannot be run on cone
pulleys through forks or at half cross, and with
fair usage would be worn out, while a leather
belt was regularly performing the work allotted
to it ; for when the edge becomes worn, the belt
soon gives out.—Van Riper.

THE CROSS-CUT SAW.

Ten years’ experience in the use of cross-cnt
saws has proved to me that I have been working
under many disadvantages until recently. My
wish is for all to know the great advantage of a
plan which I pursue. Take a new saw that has
never been set, place it between two boards cut
to fit the saw, clamp it tight on a bench or vice;
take an iron wedge, file one corner to suit the
set of the tooth when finished, then take a
small hammer, hold the wedges with the left
hand, strike the tooth lightly with the hammer
until at the right place; then turn the wedge
on the opposite side, and on the next tooth and
set in the same way ; now then you reach the
third and most important tooth in the saw;
leave it perfectly straight ; pass on to the fourth
tooth and set as you did the first ; turn the
wedge, set the fifth the other way; leave the
sixth straight, and so on till you finish, Now
take your file, dress the two teeth as you do the
common saw ; the third file perfectly straight
and square, leaving it about one-twentieth part
of an inch shorter than the others. Continue in
that way until you finish, and yon will find
that it will cut twice as fast as the old way
practiced by most of the farmers.

BLACK WALNUT TREES.

Eli Perkins, the great American delusionist,
has struct a bonanza for lumbermen in Texas.
Sim Graves, a native, has shown Eli a grove of
black walnut trees, hand planted ten years ago,
that have attained the respectable proportions
of nine inches diameter, and which, he assured
him, would be nineteen inches through within
twenty years from the date of planting. Sim
and Elithen sat down and figured out the value
of this grove, which contains ten acres. Each
acre contains two hundred trees, or the whole
patch two thousand. Sim says these trees will
yield him four hundred bushels of nuts this
year, which at $2.50 per bushel will give him
$1,000, and as this yield will increase instead of
decrease, he reckons his future income at no
less than this sum per annum until the trees aré
twenty years of age. When that time arrives,
Sim expects to sell his grove for $25 per tree or
$50,000. Eli concludes his narrative by advis-
ing the public to buy land at $25 per acre and
settle down as black walnut farmers.—Lumber
World.

Usual Excellent Style.

Messrs. Toker & Co., Peterborough, Ont.,
have become proprietors of THE Canapa Lvun-
BERMAN, the first nine numbers of which were
published in Toronto by Mr. Alexander Begg.
The LUMEERMAN will be purely a trade organ,
and is the only newspaper published in Canada
devoted-to the interests of the lumber and tim-
ber interests of the Dominion. It will contain
trade statistics, the markets, articles bearing on
the important interests it represents, and must
prove itself a most excellent and trustworthy
medium through which lumbermen, millers,
miners, etc., may elucidate and set forth their
ideas, either individually or collectively, for the
benefit of the trade at large. It is a large semi-
monthly 16-page newspaper, and is printed from
fine. clear type, and the workmanship is in
Messrs. Toker & Co’s usual excellent style.
The subscription price is only $2 per annum.—
Printers’ Miscellany, St. John, NB.

——————_—_— NS

Do Nor Drue THe SysteM with nauseous a as
that only debilitate. Burdock Blood Bitters is
nature’s own Cathartic, it acts at onee upon the
Bowels, the Skin, the Liver and the Kidneys, arousing
all the secretions to a healthy action, It purifies the
Blood and cures all Humors, even the worst form of
Serofula, and tones up the Nervous and Debilitated.

‘lemon may be added, and it may be clarified by _

ARTIFICIAL SEASONING OF LUMBER.

Van Nostrands Engineering Magazine »:
on this important subject: To prepare timber
for the sounding bords of musical instruments,
so that they are not influenced by vibrations in
temperature and atmospheric changes gene! ;
Mr. C. Rene, pianoforte manufacturer, of
Stettin, Germany, has devised a plan by which
he makes use of the property of oxygen, parti-
cularly of that ozonized by the electric current,
to artificially season the timber. The first im
pulse to experiments being carried out in this
direction was given by the well-known fact th
wood, which has been seasoned for years, is
much more suitable for the manufacture o
musical instruments than if used soon after it is
thoroughly dried only. Mr. Rene claims th:
instruments made of wood which has been
treated by oxygen possesses a remarkably fix
tone, which not only does not decrease with
age, but as far as experience teaches improve
with age as does the tone of some famous old
violins by Italian masters. We are further told
that the sounding boards made of wood prep:
ed in this manner have the quality of retaining
the sound longer and more powerfully. A num
ber of pianos manufactured at Mr. Rene’s
works, and exported to the tropics several years
ago, have stood exceedingly well, and seem in
no way affected by the climatic dangers they are
exposed to. While other methods of impregnat-
ing wood with chemicals generally have a de-—
teriorating influence on the wood fibers, timber
prepared by this method, which is really an
artificial agency, becomes harder and stronger.
The process is, we understand, regularly carried
on at Mr. Rene’s works, and the apparatus con-
sists of a hermetically closed boiler or tank, in ~
which the wood to be treated by the process is
placed on iron gratings ; in a retort, placed by
the side of the boiler and connected to it by a
pipe with stop valve. Provision is made in the
boiler to ozonize the oxygen by means of an
electric current, and the boiler is then gently
fired and kept hot for forty-eight or fifty hours,
after which time the process of preservation of
wood is complete.

SUMMER DRINKS.
The London Chemist and Druggist gives the
following receipts for these seasonable bever-

ages :— f
(1) Ginger Beer. :

Brown sugar... 2 Ibs. 7
Boiling water). 2. 2 galls. «
Cream of tartar . . . 1 oz. «
Ginger bruised . . 2 oz. j

Infuse the ginger in the boiling water, add
the sugar and cream of tartar ; when lukewarm,

strain, then add one half pint good yeast. Let —
it stand all night; then bottle. If desired, a

the white of one egg.
(2) Lemon Beer,
Sugar’. “2 °. >.) Gants ee eee
Boiling water . . . .
Lamon, plipad.... cn ag ee ues es
Ginger, bruised . . . - . 10%
Yeast “ihe «ae 1 teacupful. *
Let it stand 12 to 20 hours, after wiich it may
be bottled.
(8) Hop Beer.

Gugar "060? PRG Soe oe a.

Flops. jst a! Oh ie oe, OR.
Water 0 j,. GA nee q. &
Ginger, bruised re 4 oz.

Boil the hops three hours with 5 quarts of
water, then strain ; add 5 more quarts of water —
and the ginger, boil a little longer, again strain,
add the sugar, and when lukewarm add one
pint of yeast. After 24 hours it will be ready
for bottling.

(4) Spruce Beer.
Hops oa 6 IS ee
Sassafras,in chips . 9. . . 202.

Water. o/s tepe simeale
Boil half an hour, strain, and add :—

Brown sv em
Essence of spruce. .

. Essence of ginger . . «eS ol 8
Pimento, ground . . . . J0%

Put the whole in a cask, and let cool ;
add one half pint of yeast, let stand 24 hours,
fine and bottle it.

Basswoon is scarce in Chicago just now, and
dealers state that they can readily place all
seasoned they can get hold of without meeting |
the demand, )

ST. JOHN, N.B.
From Our Own Correspondent.

GENERAL REMARKS.—As usual at this season
of the year, we have very little for special re-
mark in regard to the progress of our lumber
trade. Under these circumstances a few obser-
vations with reference to the character of our
wood trade generally may not be altogether out
of place. ‘

As will be seen by reference to our periodical

report of shipments, Europe (and especially
Great Britain) is the principal wood market of

this port ; indeed the same may be said of the
Province generally ; our wood exports thence
consisting very largely of spruce deals.

The lumber trade between this port and the
United States is not altogether Canadian. It
is almost exclusively in the hands of people
from the States, who procure their logs from
that portion of the State of Maine watered by

the River St. John and tributaries, float.them
‘to St. John, where the lumber is manufactured
‘and shipped to the United States as American
lumber, and, consequently, free of duty, thus
possessing a decided advantage over Canadian
lumber, tending to the exclusion of the latter
from the American market. There are some
ten saw mills in this city and vicinity engaged
in this business. The lumber is mostly pine,
eut into boards'and plank from one to two

‘SALE BY TENDER

1 OF EXTENSIVE STEAM

iby
7 C) rpiey 2 EE wet
om : A
sa W Milling Pr operty Department of the Interior, ,
AT OTTAWA, 25th May, 1881.
HEREAS circumstances has rendered it expe-
dient to effect certain changes in the policy of
the Government respecting the administration of Do-
minion lands, public notice is hereby given :—

1, The Regulations of the 14th October, 1879, were
rescinded by order of His Excellency the Governor
General in Council, on the 20th day of May instant,
and the following Regulations for the disposal of
agricultural lands substituted therefor :

2. The even-numbered sections within the Cana-
cian Pacific Railway Belt—that is to say, lying within
24 miles on each side of the line of the said Railway,
excepting those which may be required for wood-lots
in connection with settlers on prairie lands within the
said belt, or which may be otherwise specially dealt
with by the Governor in Council, shall be held exelu-
sively for homesteads and pre-emptions. The odd-
numbered sections within the said belt are Canadian
Pacific Railway Lands, and can only be acquired from
the Company. 7

3. The pre-emptions entered within the said belt of
24 miles on each side of the Canadian Pacific Railway,
up to and including the 3lst day of December next,
shall be disposed of at the rate of $2.50 per acre ; four-
tenths of the purchase money, With interest on the
latter at the rate of six per cent. per annum, to be
paid at the end of three years from the date of entry,
the remainder to be paid in six equal instalments an-
nually from and after the said date, with interest at
the rate above mentioned on such portions of the pur-
chase money as may from time to time remain unpaid,
to be paid with each instalment.

4. From and after the 31st day of December next,
the price shall remain the same—that is $2.50 per acre
—for pre-emptions within the said belt, or within the
corresponding belt of any branch line of the said Rail-
way, but shall be paid in one sum at the end of three
years, or at such earlier period as the claimant may
have acquired a title to his homestead quarter-section.

5. Dominion Lands, the property of the Government,
within 24 miles of any projected line of railway recog-
nized by the Minister of Railways, and of which he has
given notice in the Oficial Gazette as being a project-
ed line of Railway, shall be dealt with as to price and
terms, as follows :—The pre-emptions shall be sold at
] the same price and on the same terms as fixed in the
next preceding paragraph, and the odd-numbered sec-
tions shall be sold.at $2.50 per acre, payable in cash.

6. In all townships open for sale and settlement

Parry Harbour, Georgian Bay, and
Valuable Timber Limits in the
Parry Sound District.

The SAW-MILL is complete in its appointment, and
has a cutting capacity of 90,000 to 100,000 feet per day
of twelve hours.

The LIMITS cover an area of 229 square miles in the
Townships of Monteith, Humphrey, Christie, Ferguson,
Hagerman, McKellar, Spence, and Shawanaga, besides
the purchased rights to cut the timber from numerous
lots in the same ‘Townships, and contain a large quan-
tity of standing pine, «

The whole establishment is in complete condition and
active operation, and is excellently situated for the man-
ufacture, sale and shipment’ of timber.

Tenders for the whole property, including plant, will
be received until the 20th August next, addressed to the
General Manager, Ontario Bank, Toronto, by whom
terms of payment and any further information will be
furnished on application. No tender will be accepted
unless satisfactory to the vendors. 4u17

IRWIN & BOYD

Our shipments to the West Indies, consisting Co iS sion
of pine boards chiefly, are comparatively small, ; 2
and mostly in the winter season. Lu mb er De al er Ss,

FreicHTs.—The freight market is extremely
dull and rates very low. For Liverpool the
latest quotation is 52/6. ,

SHIPMENTS.—The shipments of deals and
other sawn lumber are as follows :— ;

- FORWARDERS,

Feri Baroper..350%) > . 1S 12,667,000 Sup. ft. y within Manitoba or the North-West Territories, out-
“ United States...... ..+-2,875,000 Shi x AG lA { side of the said Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the
‘ . . even-numbered sections, except in the cases provided
“West Indies. ......+..++. 180,000 % Ippings éenera gen § for in clause two of these Regulations, shall be held

exclusively for homestead and pre-emption, and the
odd-numbered sections for sale as public lands.

7. The lands described as public lands shall be sold
at the uniform price of $2 per acre, cash, excepting in
special cases where the Minister of the Interior, under
the provisions of section 4 of the amendment to the
Dominion Lands Act passed at the last session of Par-
liament, may deem it expedient to withdraw certain
farming lands from ordinary sale and settlement, and
put them up for sale at public auction to the highest
bidder, in which event such lands shall be-put up at
upset price of $2 per acre.

8. Pre-emptions outside of the Canadian Pacific Rail-
way Belt shall be sold at the uniform price of $2 per
acre, to be paid in one sum at the end of three years
from the date of entry, or at such earlier period as the
claimant may acquire a title to his homestead quarter-
section. We

9. Exceptions shall be made to the provisions Of
clause 7, in so far as relates to lands in the Province
of Manitoba or the North-West Territories, lying to the
north of the belt containing the Pacific Railway lands,
wherein a person being an actual settler on an odd-
numbered section shall have the privilege of purchas-
ing to the extent of 320 acres of such section, but no
more, at the price of $1.25 per acre, cash; but no
Patent shall be issued for such land until after three
years of actual residence upon the same.

10. The price and terms of payment of odd-number-
ed sections and pre-emptions, above set forth, shall not
apply to persons who have settled in any one of the
several belts described in the said Regulations of the
14th October, 1879, hereby rescinded, but who have ob-
tained entries for their lands, and who may establish'a
right to purchase such odd-numbered sections or pre-
emptions, as the case may be, at the price and on the
terms respectively fixed for the same by the said

Regulations,
. Timber for Settlers.

11. The system of wood lots in prairie townships
shall be continued—that is to say, homestead settlers
having no timber on their own lands, shall be permit-
ted to purchase wood lots in area not exceeding 20
acres each, at a uniform rate of $5 per acre, to be paid

VESSELS IN Port.—The following is a list of
square-rigged vessels in port with their tonnage
and destination :— i.
Nettie Murphy, 1,373, Liverpool.
William, 998, waiting.
Douglas Campbell, 845, Marseilles.
Granite City, 776, United Kingdom.
Effort, 378, United Kingdom.or Continent.
Africa, 1,130, Cardiff.
Wanderer, 438, Ireland.
Huano, 843, Belfast.
Blanco, 343,
Josie Troop, 1,100, Gibraltar, orders.
Venus, 734, United Kingdom.
Cecilia, 334, Continent.
Nylghau, 1,254, Liverpool.
Liffey, 845, Liverpool. | 7 r
Charles, 1,500, Liverpool.
L. H. D’Veber, 615, Londonderry.
John Murphy, 1,475, Liverpool.
Bonito, 599, Galway.
Broderine, 453, Marseilles,

_ ‘Taganrog, 514, Marseilles.
Loining, 847, St. Nazaire.
E. W. Gale, 320, Drogheda.

_ Revolving Light, 1,317, Liverpool.

Rebus, 845, Marseilles.

_ Mark Twain, 674, Bristol Channel.

Moss Glen, 893,
Varbjug, 401, ——
Acton, S.8., 1,066, W.C. England.
New City, 1,441, Liverpool.
Finsbury, S.S., 1,229, W.C. England,
Astracana, 1,193, Liverpool.

PORT HOPE.

will save money by going direct
or sending to F. CRUMPTON, 83
King St. East, Toronto, for their
Watches and Jewellery, or Silver-
i} ware and Clocks, etc. If you can-
not come yourselves send your
orders and I will guarantee just
as good satisfaction as by a per-
sonal selection. Goods guaranteed
exactly as represented or your ¢
money refunded. Watch and Jew-
ellery repairing and manufactur-
ing by competent workmen at
Reasonable Prices. We make a
specialty of HEAVY CASED “aj
WATCHES suitable for Lum- ' |
4

bermen.

Azz Prices cheerfully furnished
” On application.

Remember the address,

: in cash,
Arklow, 748, —— v F. CRUMPTON 12. The provision in the next preceding paragraph
Wacissa, 809, shall apply also to settlers on prairie sections bought

83 King St. East,
TORONTO.

from the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, in cases
where the only wood lands available have been laid
out on even-numbered sections, provided the Railway
Company agree to reciproeate where the only timber
in the locality may be found on their lands.

13. With a view to encouraging settlement by cheap-
ening the cost of building material, the Government
reserves the right to grant licenses from time to time,
under and in accordance with the provisions of the
‘Dominion Lands Act” to cut merchantable timber
on any lands owned by 1t within surveyed townships ;
and settlement upon, or sale of any lands covered by
such license, shall, for the time being, be subject to
the operation of the same.

Zebina Goudy, 1,100, Liverpool.
Cid, 8.8,, 976, W.C. England.

Hawthorne, 621,
Dusty Miller, 595, Carnarvon.
Fidelia, 450,
Nellie Moody , 746, ———
Endrick, 224,
Navigator, 529,
Wearmouth, 8.S., 1,101, W.C. England.

Charles B. Kenney, 1,123, Adelaide, orders.

Stirlingshire, 549,
ie sed Sales of lands to Individuals or Corporations for
Seuse P: rk 4 Colonization.
J po ige 14, In any case where a company or individual ap-
St. ohn, N.E., July 2nd, 1881, plys for lands to colonize, and is willing to expend
—_—_—_—— capital to contribute towards the construction of
=... facilities for communication between such lands and

Zornss,—A healthy man never thinks of his
tomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man who
Wimeclf suffering will spend a few cents for a
A Zopewa, trom Lrazil, the new and remarkable

for densing and toning the system, for
the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
perform their duties in assimilating food.

a 10 cent A Zopew, the new remedy, of
ur druggist. py ot al you. ‘i

existing settlements, and the Government is satisfied
of the good faith and ability of such company or in-
dividual to carry out such undertaking, the odd-num-
bered sections in the case of lands outside of the
Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, or of the Belt of any
branch line or lines of the same, may be sold to such
company or individual at half price, or $1 per acre, in
cash, In case the lands applied for be situated
within the Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the same
principle shall apply so far as one half of each even-
numbered section is concerned—that is to say, the one-
half of each even-numbered gection may be sold to the

company or indiyidnal at the price of $1.25 per aere to
be paid in cash, _ The company or individual will
further be protected up to thé extent of 2500, with six
per cent. interest thereon till paid, in the case of ad
vances made to place families on homesteads, under
the provisions of section 10 of the amendments to the
Dominion Lands Acte hereinbefore mentioned.

15. In every such transaction, it shall be absolutely
conditional :

(4.) That the conrpany or individual, as the case may
be, shall, in case of lands outside of the said Canadian
Pacific Kailway Belt, within three years of the date of
the agreement with the Governme nt, place two eettlere
on cach of the odd-numbered sections, and also two on
homesteads on each of the even-numbered sections em
braced in the scheme of colonization.

(6.) That shoukl the land applied for be situated
within the Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the compan

or individual shal, within three years of the date of
the agreement with the Government, place twosettlers
on the hali of each even numbered section purchased
under the provision contained in paragraph 14, we,
and also one settler upon each of the two quarter sex
tions remaining available for Womesteads in such
section,

(c.) That or the promoters failing within tne period

fixed, to place the preseril«
Governor in Council ma

d number of gettlers, th
cancel the sale and the priv

ilege of colonization, and resume possession of the
lands not settled, or charge the full price of $2 per
acre, or $2.50 per acre, as the case may be, for such

lands, as may be deemed expedient.

(d.) That it be distinetly understood that this policy
shall not only apply to schemes for colonization of the
public lands by Emigrants from Great Britain or the
European Continent.

Pasturage Lands.

16. The policy set forth as follows shall govern ap-
plications for lands for grazing purposes, and previous
to entertaining any application, the Minister of the
Interior shall satisfy himself of the good faith and
ability of the applicant to carry out the undertaking
involved in such application,

17. From time to time, as may be deemed expedient,
leases of such Townships, or portions of Townships, as
may be available for grazing purposes, shall be-putt up
at auction at an upset price to be fixed by the Minister
of the Interior, and sold to the highest bidder—the
premium for such leases to be paid in cash at the time
of the sale.

18. Such leases shall be for a period of twenty-one
years, and in accordance otherwise with the provisions
of section eight of the Amendment to the Dominion
Lands Act passed at the last Session of Parliament
hereinbefore mentioned.

19. In all cases the area included in a lease shall be
in proportion to the quantity of the live stock kept
thereon, at the rate of ten acres of land to one head
of stock; and the failure in any case of the lessee to
place the requisite stock upon the land within three
years from the granting of the lease, or in subsequent-
ly maintaining the proper ratio of stock to the area of
the leasehold, shall justify the Governor in Council in
cancelling such lease, orin diminishing proportionately
the area contained therein.

20: On placing the required proportion of stock
within the limits of the leasehold, the lessee shall have
the privilege of purchasing, and receiving a patent for,
a quantity of land covered by such lesse, on which to
construct the buildings necessary in connection there-
with, not to exceed five ~per cent. of the area of the
leasehold, which latter shallin no single case exceed
100.000 acres,

21. The rental for a leasehold shall in all cases be at
the rate of $10 per annum for each thousand acres in-
cluded therein, and the price of the land which may be
purchased for the cattle station referred to in the next
Brecouiue paragraph, shall be $1.25 per acre, payable in
cash.

’

Payments for Lands.

22, Payments for public lands and also for pre-emp-
tions made in cash, or in scrip, or in police or military
bounty warrants, at the option of the purchaser. i

23. The aboye provisions shall not apply to lands
valuable for town plots, or to coalor other mineral
lands, or to stone or marble quarries, or to lands hay-
ing water power thereon; and further shall not, of
course, affect Sections 11 and 29 in each Township,
which are public school lands, or sections 8 and 26,
which are Hudson’s Bay Company’s lands.

J. S. DENNIS,
Deputy Minister of the Interior.
Linpsay RUSSELL,
Surveyor-General. ' 3117

2 as A a
<ELECTRO& STEREO TYPE

4 2OGOLBORNE ST. py

‘

} no
Teour9 WA,

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.
. FLEMING & SON,
L14 . 26 Colborne St., Toronto.

TRUSSES.

WW) CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
44) all attachments improved. No more

<=
Sy buckles, all on solid brass casting.
WEY Book onruptureand humian frame free.
SSSS""_—s Send address in full post card. Best
true information about rupture and

deformities. CHAS, CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,

118 King Street west, Toronto, 12113

4

|

}
:

10

Alarket Reports.

' TORONTO.
From Our Own Correspondent,

Toronto, July 9, 1881.—There is not much
that is new in lumber matters to record since
my last letter, only that the demand for cars
has become more vociferous, and much of the
language hurled at the heads of N.R.R. officials
will hardly bear repeating, and in the present
instance there actually seems to be just cause
for complaint, as the long interval that has
elapsed since the change of gauge from Allan-
dale to the Northern extremity of the line
should have beén ample time in which to have
completed the change south of the former place,
and the,delay at this period of the season has,
no doubt, serionsly inconvenienced shippers, as
most of the manufacturers are anxious to get
their lumber to market, and a few weeks delay
may mean an advance in freights to Oswego and
Albany, and it is claimed by some persons that
a considerable quantity of lumber might have
beeen brought over the Credit Valley line, and
the owners of stocks thus delayed would sooner
have paid something extra, in order to have got
their stuff to market, It seems to me that the
great mistake made by the company has been
in delaying the work until the busy season set
in, In the meantime, large quantities of lum-
ber has been accumulating at different points of
the road, and next week we expect a rush of
lumber down that will gladden the hearts of the
lumbermen.

The strange anomaly in regard to the pur-
chasing and selling price of shingles as mention-
ed in my last letter, still continues; some

dealers here selling XXX 16-in, shingles as low |.

as $2.40 per M., which is fully as low as most
of the manufacturers are willing to place them
in this market for. One dealer to whom I
pointed out the foolishness of such a proceeding,
argued much in the same style as the old
woman, who declared that she sold apples for
less than cost, and in answer to the query as to
how she managed to make a living under such
circumstances, she declared it was owing to the
large quantity she sold.. ;

I would here intimate to any of your readers
who may have cherry lumber for sale, that good
prices may now be obtained in this market,
especially if well manufactured. As high as
$30.00 per M. by the car load has been paid for

good cherry lumber, but it is useless for manu- |’

facturers to expect good prices for an inferior
article. The great fault with many manufac-
turers is in leaving the heart in heavy plank and
squares, so that before it gets to market it is so
split up in consequence as to materially hinder
its sale. A word to the wise will be sufficient.
Take a piece of 4x4 out of the heart of the log
and throw it away, if you have no better use
for it, and the enhanced price you will obtain
for the lumber you market, will fully repay the
trouble taken. The same remark will apply to
all hardwoods. There is another class of wood
that commands ready sale, namely, black birch,
and it should be cut into 5x5, 6x6, 8x8 and 10x
10. A large quantity of this class of lumber is
now used for newel posts, cherry having become
40 scarce.

Stock boards of good quality for dressing pur-
poses will now sell readily, both for local use
and for shipment, but dry lumber sufficiently
good for dressing purposes is scarcely obtainable
at any price, and the inevitable result will be
that the retail business will gradually drift into
the hands of men who are possessed of sufficient
capital to carry large stocks,- so as to be able at
all times to meet the constantly increasing de-
mand for thoroughly dry lumber; that this
will be the case becomes more apparent year
after year, as mill men decline to hold their
lumber any longer than is absolutely requisite
to make it in a fit condition for shipment, so
that it naturally follows out that the retailer
will be bound to meet the demand for dry stuff.

Another inovation to be noted this season is
the large quantity of 1-in. flooring being used
instead of 1}-in. as formerly, so that those hold.
ing large stocks of 1}-in. flooring plank, find it
difficult to market any considerable quantity.
This should be noted by manufacturers for their
future guidance, and if instead of cutting so

THE CANADA

much 1}-in. flooring plank in the future, they
would cut the same class of logs into 3-in. plank
(especially 16-ft. lengths) it will command ready
sale and at more remunerative prices, if held
until partially dry. Sawn lath in this market
are tending downwards in price, and are easily
obtained at the yards, at $1.40 to $1.50 per M.
There is quite a large trade being done in wal-
nut in this market at the present time. The
largest dealers in this class of wood here are
Messrs. Oliver & Co., who have especial facili-
ties for handling and storing large quantities of
this class of lumber, and the greatly increased
value of this kind of wood would indicate that
at no distant date other and less expensive
woods will take its place. In a future letter I
will endeavor to give you the quantity of wal-
nut sold in this market, and I venture to predict
it will surprise many of your readers.

Prices at the yards rule as follows :—

Mill cull boards and scantling.................. $9 00
Shpping cull boards, promiscous widths......... 11 00
a te es 10 and 12 in. stocks......... 12 00
Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft........sceseseees $11 50
a 4 oe NS Thvreeracins «ssi0 obienis 12 00

“ “ “
& “ “
“ “ “
“ “ “
“ 4“ “
“ “
“ “a “a
“ss “ “ce
“ “ “cs
“ “ “
“ “ “

Cutting up plank and boards.............s0000« 16 00
Sound dressing stocks. .........seeeee eeeeeeeee 15 00
Picks Am. inspection......
Three uppers, Am. inspection...........

14-inch dressed flooring.......

1 “ee “ eos 24 00

a) “ “ “ 20 00
2 50

XXX sawn shingles, # M.
Lath

TOPO ee wet rete weet eae HHHEe HEHE EH Ee EERE

OTTAWA,
From Our Own Correspondent.

The lumber trade this season is very encour-
aging. Sales have been good so far at prices
somewhat in advance of those of last year. The
output of logs this spring, on the Upper Ottawa,
reached nearly two million, while three times
as much square timber was taken out as in the
winter of 1879-80. It is estimated that the
cut of lumber by the mills in this immediate
section the current year will reach 300,000,000
feet. Not more than one-half of the season’s
cut of lumber has been sold so far. The quota-
tions at the present time are as follows :—

WZ sin BLOM iAP Mo scate ie a; aieinjoiese) ars sn/nininintateie $16 00@16 00
10-in. SS sence neeeccesees sevee 12 00@14 00
Sidings....... Sieierelsele uduieiais Consccueceee 20 00@20 00

These prices are about a dollar per thousand
in advance of the prices of last year at the same
period. Deals are dull sale, in fact very few
lots have been sold since the winter. Two-
thirds quality rate at from $30 to $33 per 100
standards on the Quebec basis. Second and
first quality of deals rate in proportion to the
quotation given.

THE DRIVE.

The Upper Ottawa drive is coming down
first-rate, although about two weeks later than
last year. Navigation opened early but there
was a lack of rain at the time that the snow in
the woods melted away. Notwithstanding this, |
the quantity of logs stuck in the small streams |
is not great, there not being so many as was at |
one time expected.

FREIGHT BUSINESS.

Business in the freight line is rather dull this
season in comparison to last. This is owing to
the fact that there are more boats engaged in
carrying lumber. Last year a good many barges
were engaged in carrying ice to New York,
owing to the ice ‘‘ famine” that existed there,
besides which there has been quite an increase
in the number of barges. The present rates are
as follows: To Montreal, $1.10 to $1.25 per M.;
to Quebec and Burlington, $2 ; to Whitehall,
$2.25; to Albany, $3; and New York. $3.25.
This is a decrease of fifty cents per thousand to
Albany and New York. The rates to White-
hall, Quebec and Burlington are the same as
last season, with a slight decrease in rate to
Montreal.

OTTAWA’S FLEET,

The total number of vessels registered at -the
port of Ottawais 122—42 being steam vessels
and 80 being barges. The tonnage of the steam-
boats amounts to 4,208, and that of the barges
to 9,366, making a total tonnage for the port of
12,774. The number of men and boys employ-

LUMBERMAN. ~

ed in working the fleet is, in round figures, 650,
and the expenses foot up to abort $100,000 or
more for the season. About one-half of the
vessels using steam are steam barges, and cap-
able of carrying good loads as well as towing.
Nearly all of the barges are engaged in the
transport of lumber, often bringing return car-
goes of merchandise from Montreal. The princi-
pal owners of vessels are Mr. J. R. Booth,
Perley & Pattee, D. Murphy & Co., McNaugh-
ton & Co., Capt. Blanchard, Capt. S. Mulligan,
Ald. Harris, and the Augur Shipping Co.

SQUARE TIMBER.

The quantity of square timber taken out on
the Ottawa this season is about treble that of
last year, but as the water is now falling fast it
may be late in the season before it all gets
through, and it is quite probable that some of it
may have to be wintered over at points along
the route, so a lumberman informs me. This
season an innovation was made in the transport
of square timber, Mr. Findlay and Mr. Mackie
both shipping large quantities by rail, through
from the Mattawa to Quebec, by the Canada
Central and Occidental Railways. It saves
time, and as the expense is very little greater it
is altogether probable that the day is not far
distant when the most of the timber cut on the
Upper Ottawa will be sent to Quebec by rail
instead of by water.

EDGINGS.

Mr. E. B. Eddy employs 150 men at the
Nepear steam sawmill, which is located at the
head of the Duchesne Rapids, on the Ontario
side of the Ottawa. The mill is run night and
day.

Conroy Bros. have put on a night gang at
their mill, Duchesne Rapids, Quebec side, and
are manufacturing a large quantity of lumber
this season. The Occidental Railway Co. will
run a branch of their line into the mill premises
to facilitate shipment. The branch will be
three-quarters of a mile in length.

The new saw mill of Lachlin Bros., Arnprior,
is being finished and is said to be one of the
finest on the continent. The building is a
splendid one, being solidly and neatly built,
while the machinery put in is of the very best.

It is probable that all the mills at the
Chaudiere will shortly be lighted by electricity.
Capt. Young has followed in the wake of Mr.
E. B. Eddy, adopting the electric light, and the
other mill men feel inclined to follow suit. The
lights at Mr. Young’s mill are on the Maxam
system, furnished by the Canadian Electric
Light Co., of Montreal.

The splint factory at Horseshoe Bay, twenty
miles down the river from Ottawa, is running
full blast. It is owned by the American firm
of Swift, Courtney & Beecher, who have four
large match factories in operation in the States,
and is managed by Edward Prince. Nine barges
of splints were shipped to the other side last
season, and this year five barge loads have
already been started, and Mr. Prince hopes to
get seven or eight more barges away by the
close of navigation.

Mr. Hebron Harris took out a large quantity
of ties on the Gatineau the past season, and is
now shipping them to Cape Vincent, having a
contract with an american railway company.

———___—_@—_—__—
LONDON, ONT.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Juty 11.—To begin this, my initial letter,
with “nothing new,” would not be likely to
awaken any desire on the part of my readers to
continue its perusal beyond the first few lines.
To make manifest a letter of interest, it is as
well to do it at the beginning, particularly if
your correspondent is wishful to become popu-
larly read by those most interested.

I must inform you then, at the outset, that in
this market lumber of all grades is in very great
demand, and a gradual advancing tendeney is
very apparent,

I am informed on very good authority that
more lumber has come into this market for the
present year than any year previous, and putting
this fact, and the probability, ol higher figures,
together, it would suggest something of what is
now-a-days known as a ‘* boom.”

Several very large building contracts are now
in process, and nearing completion.

‘The Roman Catholic Cathedral here, which

is to cost in the neighbourhood of $90,0 0,
now some feet above ground level, and t
masons are busy ten hours a day. The lumb
contract for this building is possibly about $10
000, and is in the hands of a well known firm ¢
this city.

The Masonic Temple, which will be opened
about September, is beginning to present a fin
appearance. The same firm which has t
Roman Catholic Cathedral contract, has th
also, which will not be far short of $10,000 i
amount. :

The contract for the Exhibition Grounds
ply (for the Provincial Exhibition which is
held here this year) is partly let, to the amou
of about $6,000, with moré to follow, and is
the hands of a well known lumber mercha
here. A fine mansion is being byilt by
Benj. Cronin. The contract for woodwork f
which alone is $12,000.

The cedar block pavement which has ju
been completed on Dundas street from Ride
to Richmond, is a fine piece of work, and th
contractors, Messrs. Stevens, Turner and B:
have shown a wonderful mark of advancemen
in their increased facilities. They have hi
about fifty car loads of cedar posts from al
over the country, principally, however, from
places on the London, Huron & Bruce and We:
lington, Grey and Bruce Railroads.

A very fine mansion is being built on Dufferin
Avenue for Mr. McDonough, the contract for
which is about $8,000 for woodwork. :

The same complaint prevails here with
gard to want of cars; an insufficient quantity —
for the demand is very apparent. 1

Shingles are very scarce, only two carloads
have come into the city within the past f
weeks, and one firm alone have told me A
could have sold 30 carloads if they had 4
them. 7

Below I give you a list of London prices,
which, however, must be understood as retail
figures :—
Mill cut boards and scantling...........-.....-.
Shipping cull boards, promiscous widths...

10 and 12 in. stocks. .
Common boards, widths -
Scantling and joist, up to 4a peg aie cattle oot

ween eet ewww eeenee

|
.
/

er

“ “ “
“ “ “

“ “ “

Common stock ...... sceveset es tous

Lath ..ccceseseuee Pe te ae eee
XXX sawn shingles, @ M.............--.-000+--
Lath per 1000 feet... 2... eeceeeeeerenceneecerees

Eel
NEW YORK. ‘ }
The Real Estate Record of July 9th says: All
reports upon the wholesale market continue in
the cheerful, hopeful strain so frequently re-
corded this season. Demand has shown some
irregularity, and from a few sources was a little
disappointing, but the evidences seem to show
that the movements of buyers are checked by
exceptional and temporary influences with every
prospect of removal at an early date. On all
leading descriptions values, too, are well main-
tained, and while it is not uncommon to
some reduction in cost at this season of the year, —
sellers are confident that if any shrinkage at all
becomes necessary it will be much smaller tha 7
usual. Yard assortments are light and dealers
are ready to handle anything likely to improv 2
their stocks. The first six months of the r.|
show a good full export movement, and there is ;
hopes of keeping up the same average to ;
first of January next. -
The following is a comparative statement
exports of lumber from this port for the first si ;
months of the years named: |
1880. 1881.
—

1878. 1879.
feet. feet. ’
W. Indies. . 11,606,518 12,706,138 14,521,399 22,325,45
8. America.. 5,527,498 11,518,237 9,659,177 13,583,745
E. Indies, ete 3,245,252 3,415,768 4,008,455 3,248,
Europe.... . 5,799,088 6,202,724 6,746,868 2,820,262
‘Total..... 26,178,286 88,824,867 34,935,899 41,977, .
| The above table does not include the al
of hardwoods. The exports of the month of
June will rank among the largest for any co
responding period and are one and one-half
million feet less than for April last. +
Spruce of attractive quality is scarce on
spot and not easy to engage for future, as most

4

_ BaRsssseseseseseecs

\

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

lI

of the mills are under contract for the product
of all the suitable logs they are in any way.
ikely to secure. Full rates are in consequence

asked and the bids range well up, also, as
buyers are in some cases quite anxious. On
ordinary sizes the tone has been quite steady
also. Some pretty heavy arrivals were of late
reported, but the bulk appears to have beén en-
gaged. May be quoted at $14.00@16.00 on
“randoms ; and $16,00@18.00 for specials. |
__ White pine continues firm in price and has a
good sale on all regular outlets. Large amounts
have gone abroad this season, but dealers who
make the foreign trade a specialty, seem confi-
dent that shippers may still be depended upon
as good customers. Full home wants are assur-
ed and generally the market is in excellent
‘shape. We quote $17.00@19.00 per M. for
West India shipping boards ; $24.50@26.00 for
South American do.; $16.00@16.50 for box
board ; $17.00@17.50 for do. wide and sound
do.
_ Yellow pine has a first-rate market still, and
on all grades showing merit there is a firm tone
at full prices. The local consumption is becom-
ing larger, and, in some cases, has run ahead of
deliveries, compelling contractors to seek sup-
plies from yards while awaiting the arrival of
detained cargoes. Quite a number of shipping
orders are in hand, but negotiations on these
prove a trifle slow. We quote random cargoes
at about $24.00@26.00 per M.; ordered cargoes,
$26.00@28.00 do.; green flooring boards, $24.50
@26.50 do.; and dry do. do., $27.00@29.00.
Cargoes at the South, $15.00@19.00 per M. for
rough, and $20.00@24.00 for dressed.

Hardwoods do not accumulate. Supplies come:
to hand to some extent, but quickly disappear, |
and buyers find it quite as difficult as ever to
hunt up an attractive assortment. Prices'||
naturally are quite firm all around. We quote;
at wholesale rates by carload about as follows :'
Walnut, $77@85 per M.; ash, $35@38 do.; oak, |
$40@45 do.; maple, $30@35 do.; chestnut, Ist
and 2nd, $30@35; do. do. culls, $18@20 do.;
cherry, $50@55 do.; white wood, 4 and § inch,
$25@27.50, and do. inch, $33@35 do.; hickory,
$35@45 do., for Western, and $65@75 for good
nearby stock.

SBingles show no great variation. Demand
is fair, the supply under very good centrol, and
holders generally quite firm in asking former
rates. Machine dressed cedar shingles quoted
as follows: For 30-inch, $16@22.25 for A and
$28.75@33.25 for No.1; for 24-inch, $6.50@16
for A and $16.75@23 for No. 1; for 20-inch, $5
@10.50 for A and $11.25@11.75 for No. 1.

en
OSWEGO, N.Y.
A From Our Own Correspondent.

_ Osweco, N.Y., July 9, 1881.—There has been |
‘Shingles, shaved, pine, #@M.............

no particular change in this market since our
last, the receipts have been about as usual at
this season of the year, always being somewhat
effected by Dominion and Fourth of July holi-
days. The quantity received for shipment has
not been as large as during the early part of
me, more being held for distribution here.

yards are well stocked, though a good deal

of it is of this year’s cut, and must be held a
while before it can be disposed of, No change
in lake freights. There has been a decline in
canal rates of ten cents. Current rates are:
$1.50 to Albany, and $2.20 to New York.
Receipts to date from opening of navigation :
WEB. ccccces LPP E OPP COPE 68 millions,

a

tee
SRSSSSSSSES

Be
i)

"i erteere

seni

Henne ewesawee

3

; , oa 2
XXX, 18 inch, Cedar.......+0000+ 3
‘ io 2

1

s
®

friend ; “ but if you ever get eak back
y get a w try

medicine deal-
Sainple Eotiles at 10 Conte; Regular Size #1.

| Oak, second quality, #@ M................

ALBANY,

district expects a quiet market.

shown themselves since our last report.

year ago. Prices are without change and
steadily held.

Hardwoods are in steady demand and un-
changed in price.

Coarse lumber comes forward slowly ; the
mills are not running to their capacity for want
of a sufficient supply of water; the demand is
good and prices steadily held.

The receipts of lumber by lake at Buffalo for
the week ending July 4th were 8,450,000 feet
and by rail—— cars. The receipts by lake at
Oswego for the week were 4,537,000.

The receipts by canal at Albany from the
opening of navigation to July 1st were :

Boardsand Shingles, M. Timber, Staves,
Scantling, ft. cub, ft. lb.

1881.... 100,874,000 ASH + aw teldeina.e 459,000

1880.... 115,060,600 200 S400 ese

Freights from Oswego to Albany, $1.60@1.65.
From Ottawa to Albany, by boats, $3.00@3.50
# M. feet.—Argus,

River freights are :—

To New York, # M ft.
To Bridgeport........
To New Haven

To Norwalk....... JaAC Oho oea porn scb Oe, 1 25@1 30
SROVELAN EL OL atetarvetel whaiafaye/sieis!s\elale/ sin) alareleinie) sae @2 00
POMN OE WICH dele aetids ciafale dren oslo sieele vice @2 00
To Middletown........sse+.5 ddaccocdocsen @1 75
LOUNGE OBE ON Hajalaleiciele)s\e/a{0\012 = /s.0ie #1 «/=)«\e\njnin @1 75
To Philadelphia A 8.5, OI isles @2 00
Quotations at the yards are as follows :—
Pine, clear, # M..... yo tanec ep eresessseane $50 00@60 00
ERMC} TOMNIB He dcieid<nrvtld deacleed ojefee es - 45 00@55 00
Pine RClOO ne abi asin 2a <jninimie: ad bislpe srs 40 00@50 00
Pine, good box........ alae arelaiaterere stetelelay sate 14 00@28 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, each.... ........... 00 38@00 42
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, each....... esse 00 20@00 22
ine WOGKKS, LOT so. con senses ne cislee es 25 00@27 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, culls..............5.- 17 00@18 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., @M.......... 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16 ft... ...........- 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 13 ft..........seee0s- 26 00@28 00
Pine, 1} in. siding, select...........00+.. 38 00@40 00
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common.... .......+. 15 00@18 00
Pine, 1-in. siding, select...........-..... 38 00@40 00
Pine, inch siding, common... - 15 00@18 00

- 00 15@00 15
. 00 19@00 19
- 00 28@00 28
- 00 11@00 12
. 00 13@00 00
00 31@00 31

Spruce, boards, each......
Spruce, plonk, 1}-in., each.
Spruce, plank, 2-in., each.
Spruce, wall strips, each.
Hemlock, boards, each...
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each................
Hemlock, joist, 24x4, each 00 13@00 13
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4, each.......... 00 10@00 10
Bsh Pood) BOM a ise oe dee nisiasic abicxod +e. 38 00@45 00
Ash, second quality, @ M............6085 25 00@30 00
Cherry, good, # M 60 00@70 00
Cherry, common, @M... .+s-.....-sse00 25 00@35 00
Sat FOOT APM deo cosines eoccelcce: * 38 00@43 00
20 00@25 00

wee eee een eee

| BasswO0d, 4 Misses ciccnss cvcnecyetcees 25 00@28 00
FHOROLY DM. os oie ecevecssccceeceves 36 00@40 00
Maple, Canada, @ M..er.....sescceneceee 26 00@30 00
Chem rnttd 5 Go Misia e nawec 5.0005 s's0cces ape ary 35 00@40 00

6 00@00 00

2nd quality........ v
Sf extra, sawed, pine.

4 20@04 25

ne clear, a 3 25@00 00
sf cedar, mixed.. 3 00@00 00
Ce cedar, XXX... 3 7500 00
« hemlock..... 2 25@00 00
‘Lath, hemlock, # M.»... 1 50@00 00
Lath, Spruce, oss ess cccereresvvnes 1 75@00 00
Lath, pine, Oo Snes Sabo dasocicydoedc 2 00@00 00

SAGINAW VALLEY.

The Lumberman’s Gazette says: Another
week of great activity in the lumber market has
‘passed, in which a large quantity of stock has
changed hands at good figures. Prices for choice
‘lumber are very firm, sales having been made at
$8, $16 and $38, and $8, $16 and $40, and in
one instance a manufacturer named $10, $20 and
$40, as his figures for an extra choice lot.
Among other sales we note 1,300,000 feet strips
‘at $6.50, $13 and $30, 300,000 feet strips at $6.50
and $13, 200,000 feet strips at $9, 100,000 feet
common strips at $6.50, $13 and $30, 1,500,000
at $7, $14 and $35, and 5,500,000 feet on market
rates. ‘There have been more lumber buyers in
the market the past week than usual, the reduc-
tion in the cost of transportation seeming to
have a favorable effect on the market.

_ Shingles are in good request at $1.90@2.10
for clear butts and $2.90@3.10 for XXX.

_ The total shipment of lumber, lath and
shingles from the river for the season to date,
were as follows «

Humber, ft... ......0 see vo deren se eeeeees.228,033,503
GEE ed o.t 7.09 09.00) 0 tae edie uo's/o00u 00 sis,«.48,748,600
pF ey Pe Pot BENE EC BORE see 5,376,000
Hoops...+++...+6 Pg Nea aaa ee seeess 7,519,000

The aggregate of lumber shipped last year to

This is ‘Fourth of July” week when the
It has not
been disappointed, for no large buyers have
The
receipts of lumber are free, the week which end-
ed with 30th June bringing forward the largest
quantity of any week this season; still we are
much short of what we had received to date a

July 1, was 273,408,000 feet, and 1879, 195,714, -
811 feet. The shipments are fifty millions short
of what they were last year at this date. The
shingle shipments are about the same as last
year, but only about one-half what they were
in 1879,

———— ee
MINNEAPOLIS,

The Mississippi Valley Lumberman of the
8th inst., says: The condition of the lumber
business is all that any one anticipated could be
at the opening of the season. There has been a
steady advancement in values since the first
day of January and the tendency is to still
better figures. It is not an over estimate to say
that emigration into the Missouri Valley and
the country beyond (including Dakota) during
the next two years will absorb five hundred
million feet of lumber, which amount is to be
added to that required in the west herefore, to
say nothing of the emigration into the Mis-
sissippi Valley. The Lake Michigan region
will necessarily have to furnish a portion of the
amount required, because there is is not lumber
enough cut on the waters of the Mississippi
river to supply the country west of it. The
advance in lumber during the past ten days at
the several points along the river from St.
Louis to Minneapolis has amounted to about
one dollar per thousand on the leading qualities.

wee Se
BOSTON.

There is still a very good distribution,
although in some instances the intervention of
a holiday has affected trade slightly, but the
falling off is counter-balanced by the light re-
ceipts of the week. Prices remain very firm.
Dimension stuff and long timber are very
scarce, and in some cases are held rather above
the general market, and from present indica-
tions will probably so continue. As a general
rule the better kinds of lumber are stiff, and
sales have been made at an advance over list
prices. Ash is in pretty good supply and prices
are not so firm, although dealers anticipate a
speedy reaction as soon as this surplus stock is
worked off. The following are car load quota-
tions :

» CANADA PINE.

Selects, Dressed. .......cecceecceeceeeees $48 00@50 00
Shelving, Dressed, Ists........ cep doesn 40 00@42 00
do do DTIGB). can snc e 1.2.8... 33 00@35 00
Dressed Shippers.......... ‘ ... 27 00@29 00
Dressed Box......++ «++ ... 18 00@20 00
Sheathing, 1st quality... . 42 00@45 00
6 DASE | vie vate! cfataturoiaksarateteme Setae 34 00@35 00
Vee
TONAWANDA.

The Northwestern Lumberman, under date of
July 5th, says: The market here has had a
tendency to dullness the past week, owing to
public excitement in regard to the President’s
assassination, public holiday, etc., all of which
have somewhat broken in on the general activity
and routine. Prices have suffered no change.
Lake freights are quoted to-day at $2.25 from
Bay City, and dealers and shippers are confi-
dently looking forward to that figure as the

settled price for the season.

CARGO LOTS—MICHIGAN INSPECTION,

MALES) UPPELS.. dais oejeldasss vevluevsleecioce $38 00@43 00
MV OUI ON clo lorelaieteioi<i=afelareisio:sisss\esquaiasaiy ote tale 17 50@20 00
MSs cine sche OnOn Go doicusuaLsoods diodes 11 50@12 50

,

The Grease Tree.

Tr is said that large forests of the grease tree
of China are to be found there, and they form
the source of a considerable local traffic. This
tree not very long ago was imported into India,
and it is said that the experiment of cultivating
it there has proved quite successful. In the
Punjaub and northwestern provinces generally

it grows as rapidly and as vigorously as in the}

native soil, and there are already thousands of
trees on the government plantations yielding
tons of seeds, admirably adapted to a variety of
commercial purposes. Dr. Jameson, a chemist
in the Punjaub, has prepared a quantity of
grease from this tree, and has forwarded on
trial a portion of it to the Punjaub railway to
have its qualities tested in a practical manner
as lubricating matter for those parts of the
machinery constantly exposed to friction. The
grease thus obtained forms an excellent tallow,
burning with a clear, brilliant and, what is in™
finitely more to the purpose, a white light, and
at the same time emitting nota trace of any
unpleasant odor or of the ordinary disagreeable
accompaniments of combustion.

KERR BROS

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

saw and Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS.

7== Plans and Specifications on application. eR

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881. 12116

SUN CLOCK

yi

|

|

|

yl A

oF.

Wi

SS

IF YOU WANT A’GOOD RELIABLE

WATCH

At a REASONABLE PRICE, cal! af

DAVIS BROS.

180 Young Street, Toronto.

e
N.B.—Repairing Promply Attended to,

i 4 a

* Feed, having put in several which are givin” the best of sat-

12 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

MM. Covel's Latest Improved

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW
STEAM FEED!

I would also call special attention to my

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam

isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :-—

GRAVENIIURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, I'sq., Peterborough,

DEAR SIR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen if work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, I have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long 1n one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
eutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber tham will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

_

Mi

TORONTO, August 11th, 1880. i

WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.
DEAR StrR—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly. Yours, &e,,
THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

WILLIAM HAMILTON -
OAK HALL

Nos. 115, 117, 119, (21, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTITIERS in Canada.
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from. |
We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Seotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.
We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.
NOTE THE PRICES.

We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........$6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 1 50
We give a Good Overalls for .............. 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto,gopposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lynl13

i

The Largest Manufacturers of

SHEET IRON ROOFING

IN THE UNITED STATES,

Can give the Best of References in {# yl 4h)
every State and Territory.

POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP’Y

101, 108 and 105 West Front Street,
CINCINNATI.

All Kinds of CORRUGATED ERON Furnished,

Send for Illustrated Circulars, naming THe CANADA
LUMBERMAN, 12011

Automatic Saw Sharpene

Lam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for. all
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Cireular
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain fordr
ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lum
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Tr
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also;small Hand G
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cat Saws.
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, 4

Horizontal Engines and Boil

CORLISS

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, alon
= with uniformity ot speed, such as is required in Grist an
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or

=: Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. 1 fee
justified in saying that ourStyle, Workmanship and Finis!
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per ei
per hour,

~ PETERBOROUGH, ab

ELECTRICIAN

4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONTARIO.

Trusses for HERNIA, Eas

The most Durable and Beneficial kind known to Medical Science always i
Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.

‘

BATTERIES FOR BATHS,

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private
FARADIC BATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW. i
=~

American Hotel, Corner Young & Front Sts
TORONTO, ONT.

;

Newly and elegantly furnished throughout, ©
management is first-class in all its
Free omnibuses to 8

WILLIAM MACKIE, of St. Lav
J.B, MoINTYRE a)

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS|#. Hi. DIZXOWN & CO.

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

he Canadian Steain Users’ Insurance Association LEATHER BRLTING

; J jo 4 First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .......-.++-«. Ottawa, 1875 =
HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA. STREET, TORONTO. IN | First Prize, Provincial Exhibition......+-+.+-- Hamilton, 1876 et Ve:

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

First Prize, Provincial Exbibition...... ...--.- London, 1877

IR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President. GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer. eae ee a sia ph creer eeesereeees oe = th ZK
; ASS Mirst Prize, Industr TXHIDILION ......seeseeeee oronto, 1880
(ON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres. A. F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. tyvl7 International Medal, Centennial Ex......:-Philadelpbla, 1876 FN

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and discounts.

The Best Axes in the WC rl V1 Colborne Street, Toronto.

a oe

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWA RD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
at the International JExhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

> ious THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.
$C.1.W

hibition, 1876

a: aa

‘TBPETT PIOH puy

.Provincial Exhibition, 1571

PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO, 12417

: . =e
Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware. aa r
The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that
' 4 we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market. We GUARANTEE ALL
OUR ORGANS for five years. Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catologue mailed free.

W.. Bee Be 85; O-

uly 41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GUELPH, Ont.

|National Manufacturing Company

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

= 9°
oO 50m gma
rt ae <
s age
fees g 8
6 o ©
FA] in ee ae
: —
b> {ea} “| Lar j ar |
a = oD fg
aoe Bee
Hoes ® 7 BS yy
EA fz] Ee . 2S
] @) eS / £8
SS Ie: a) eee a) a @)
8 Ss eH
: i at » Ey
Z airs ~ oO a
. Jewill & Sons (Ha@ford, Conn.) EXTRA and STANDARD LEATHER BELTING (4 ge Ss s9¢8 4
Jowitt & Nicholson 2nd CUT FILES. LATH YARN. dd 3 2 22 <|
: gg ji es
aes fl ee > oe
( 7 st oot, o Bb By
GEORGE STETHEM).::: ge: Hl
; ons a St el o ¢ &
o 6 & = Oue
ae © E; =a
Ve} ro} oO — — —
oOo oO ¥ & &
Ei sel a3

oss

The Rainer Piauo Always Triumphant!

| CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:

t Toronto Industrial Exhibition, Ist Prize, Diploma & Medal for Best Square Piano
| Hamilton Provincial Exhibition - - - - - Ist Prize and Diploma
Brantford Southern Fair - - - - - - . Ist Prize and Diploma
Guelph Central Exbibitim - - - - - - Ist Prize and Diploma

(7 B3END FOR CATALOGUE.

ER, SWEETNAM & HAZELTON, | —

MANUFACTURERS,

GULP EE) OTAGO! |. hs Se ee

MANUFACTURING C0.,

|

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LUMBERMENS STATIONERY.

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber —
Shanties and Offices at City prices.

Shanty Settlements
Shanty Orders
Shanty Receipts
Shanty Time Books
Shanty Log Books
Shanty Reports
Shanty Ledgers
Shanty Cash Books
Shanty Way Bills

Drive Books

Office Letterheads

Office Noteheads

Office Envelopes

Office Cards

Office Notes

Office Drafts

Office Orders _

Office Receipts

Office Blnak Books

Office Ship Account Books

And everything necessary to a complete office outfit.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices.

Book-Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.

Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

‘TOKER wae Gas

“THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”

PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

“vr THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 15

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

HAMTLITON, CANADA.

SILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. 7 Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

SS > OG ~ Oo Ge &

EMERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

And Specially Adapted

For Saw Gumming

These Wheels are |
Wire Strengthened \

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ.,
GALT. MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO., Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,
ST, CATHARINES. TORONTO.
WE ALSO REFER TO
WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, _ Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,

Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. Lumber Merchants. oa

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

TORONTO, OTD Ales oe

ireular, Mall and Gane S

INSERTED TOOTH: SAWS. ..=2?8.

nie A SPHCLIALTY.
7 SATS Emerson Pattern and Lumberman’s Clipper. -

EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

: SEND FOR PRICES. 6113

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Soonenennnmeeennetenneen ee

=

Solld Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statisties show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asipgle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock.
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round,
or beveled. Probably seven-eigthis of‘allin use are beveled,

Tne principal sizes are:

«

12x} )
10 12x8 .
ee le tox \ sin. hole Ist | Holes,
Bak { f in. hole. i0x¢cf = eee 12x { 3, Zand 1linch.
2 10x2 12x} |
12x )

Probably more wheels 12x$, 12x} and 12x{ are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that @ file won’t touch it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33] per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly asecond time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

A QUEHSTION OF QUATLITY-

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers In, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
as Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved on wages, As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish |
qualities 4o match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us Know what it Is, and we can send you a TZanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is TILE SrtANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seyen-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class 2
it cuts fastand keeps its shape well, Some think it too hard, some toosoft. We prefer the “ Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as “Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel. ;
CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiner in grain and softer than either of the above. As a Saw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is

specially suited to those practical and experie need Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting whee! that will not create much heat. a

*

IMustrated Cirenlars nnd Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.

i¢ Taiiiie Go, Stroudsburg, Monroe Go, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

PUBLISHED
SEMI-MONTHLY. §

7 OL" tT:

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., AUGUST 1, 1881.

The only ‘Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

{SUBSCRIPTION
( $2.00 PER ANNUM.

NO. 19.

LUMBERMEN’S ASSOCIATIONS.

Failure in business does not always prove a
man lacking in business ability, neither does
the untimely termination of an- organization
conclusively establish the want of organizing
power and energy iri those who have been. con:
cerned in the association, Many a business
man of fine abilities fails from excess of enter-
prise. He pushes his business beyond the limit
of its endurance before he knows. it; he fails
because he attempts todo too much. This, we
believe, was the cause of the-failure of several
of the lumbermen’s associations to’ which the
Northwestern Lumberman alludes. They were
too comprehensive. To use an expressive vul-
garism, “‘They bit off more than they could
chew.” Take the National Association of Lum-
bermen. There may have been some relations
of the members to each other which it did not
attempt to regulate, but we do not remember
any. It was devoted mainly to the interests of
the retail dealers, and had a patent, back-action,
double open-and-shut devise for preventing a
member doing business anywhere except in his
own bailiwick. This was chiefly directed at
wholesale dealers, who were subject to be
mulcted in a sum equal to the profits on the
trade, which was to go to the dealers against
whose prerogative they had sinned—the fine
being collectable by a process which closely re-
sembles boycotting, since that practice has been
invented in Ireland. It amounted to a practi-
cal restraint of trade. If a wholesaler sold a
bill of lumber to anyone not a dealer within the
territory occupied or supposed. to be occupied
by a dealer, he was directly notified to walk up
the captain’s office and settle, or he was posted
ainong the association as a man not entitled to,
their confidence. Theoretically, at least, all the
Members of the association agreed not to pur-
chase lumber of him until he had shown for the
prerogative of the retailer. It is not surprising
that an association which proposed thus: to
interfere with the freedom of trade should fail,
It gathered in the ducats of a large number of
the retailers by its bewitching promises. of pro-
moting their interests and enabling them to
corner the home market and unload at their
own prices. But the promises it made to the
€ar were broken to the hope. It had bitten off
more than it could chew. The wholesalers,
aiter standing the boycotting a while, concluded
the National Association was a menace to their
rights and interests, and they formed a counter
asmcation. The National Association move-
ment culminated and went to pieces because its
foundation was rotten ; it was organized for an
Megitimate purpose, on unsound principles.
‘The wnaintenance of such an organization is.an
impossibility, becanse it proposed an unnatural

a

— interference with the rights of

As we do not think much of associations or-
paca to determine where 4 man may sell his

goods or to whom he may dispose of them, so
we have not a high opinion of combinations to
determine what price he shall charge for them.
They operate as a restraint of trade and subor-
dinate energy and enterprise to indolent conser-
vatism. Combinations to maintain the prices
of commodities are not more justifiable than
eombinations to maintain or advance the price
of labor. Itis unquestionably of advantage to
the trade that there be uniform grades of lum-
ber, that the names of grades’ shall signify as
nearly the same kind and quality of stock as the
variable judgment of inspectors will allow, and
to secure such a uniformity is legitimate work
for an association. It may also be advantage-

ous and justifiable that a uniform basis of prices |

be established, but the enforcement of any price
list established by a combination is beyond the
recognition of morality in trade, If the railroads
or vessel ‘men, or the workmen enter into com-

'binations to enforce higher prices for transpor-

tation or labor, the irregularity of the procedure
is recognized at once.

There is no association or combination of
lumbermen on the Saginaw river; prices are
maintained at a uniform rate without any such
extraordinary contrivance. And there is no
place where trade may not be safely left to the
operation of the legitimate laws governing all
trade.

Nevertheless, there is work for associations,
and they will organize success when they will
attend to those matters which lie within their
proper sphere. An association may establish
grades ; compose price lists without attempting
to enforce them ; reform as many of the abuses
its members suffer at the hands of railroads and
other interests, as possible, without invading
the rights of others ; compile statistics, and dis-
seminate among its members information re-
garding the condition and prospects of trade,
and the best methods of manufacturing and
handling the products. Such associations may
safely attempt the same line as agricultural
societies, but when they undertake to accom-
plish what trades unions and railroad pools are
formed for, they may expect to be classed in the
same category and break in pieces as often.—
Lumberman’s Gazette.

Messrs. RarHpun & Son manufacture yearly
62,750,000 ft. of lumber and ties, besides
shingles, lath, doors, mouldings, sash, blinds,
and other «goods. They employ in all 1,500
men, They have this season brought 300,000
saw logs’and 125,000 pieces of cedar, timber and
floats down the Moira, Trent and Napanee
rivers,

For a city the size of Winnipeg, property
seems to be excessively dear. A lot having a
frontage of 160 feet on Main street, with a
depth of 264 and some buildings valued at about
$10,000, has been sold for $110,000,

NOTES BY THE WAY.
SUNDERLAND.

The flourishing village, on the Toronto and
Nipissing Railway, 53 miles from Toronto, is
supplied with two planing mills. Mr. Moore’s
planing faetory is a very complete establishment,
not large, but multumin parvo. The machinery
is so arranged, that all the woodwork required
to finish a house from cellar to garret—with
doors, sash, blinds, bannisters, chairs, tables,
and bureaus, complete—is manufactured by Mr.
Moore and his staff of assistants. Wooden rakes
are also made by Mr. Moore in large quantities.
There is also a circular saw for cutting small
logs, of second growth wood, which is found to
be best for rake, hoe, and fork handles The
motive power is supplied by one of Doty’s,
Toronto, oscillating steam engines.

There are three saw mills in the neighborhood
of Sunderland. Mr. A. McMillan’s is near the
railway station. It is driven by two engines, a
portable 12 H.P. and astationary 25H.P. The
portable engine is taken out after the summer
sawing is over, and utilized for threshing grain.
Mr. McMillan will cut this season about a
million feet of lumber, including lath and
shingles.

Mr. Joseph Ruddy’s steam saw mill is about
two miles south of Sunderland, near the rail-
way. His stock will amount to over 250,000 feet
of pine, besides some basswood.

The third saw mill is owned by Mr. James St
John, jr. It is situated about two miles west of
the village. The season’s cut will be about half
a million feet of pine, and five hundred thousand
shingles. Mr. St. John, fortunately, has come
across a rare and valuable stick of curly-black
ash, Itis 36 feet long, 3 feet at the butt, sound
as a bell, and curly to the core. It will be a
choice catch for some wholesale cabinet-maker
or railway car builder.

WOODBRIDGE

Reing the headquarters of the manufacture of
Mr. Abell’s celebrated safety engines and thresh-
ing machines, the village of Woodbrigde, sixteen
miles from Toronto, via the Toronto, Grey &
Bruce Railway, has attained considerable im-
portance. Mr. Abell employes one hundred and
forty men, and uses a large quantity of lumber
in the manufacture of his threshing machines,
as well as in covering the outside of the portable
boilers to prevent radiation of heat. The fac-
tory is complete in all its branches, and possesses
an hydraulic engine for boiler making, being the
second in Canada of the kind. It performs the
work of six men. It is Mr. Abell’s intention to
remove his Woodbridge establishment to To-
ronto. He has purchased seven acres of land
adjacent to the Lunatic Asylum grounds, south
of Queen street. Men are at work preparing
800,000 bricks for the building. The foundation
will be of white limestone, from Owen Sound

occupation in two years. Mr. Abell calculates
to save $7,000 per annum in freight by the re-
moval to Toronto.

THE ADVANCE IN THE PRICE OF BUILD-
ING MATERIAL.

The railroads have had the advantage of cheap
iron for the past three years, and all our indus-
tries have had no reason to complain of the cost
of material. With a rampant stock market,
there has been no speculation up to this time or
until very recently, in any of the leading pro-
ducts of the country. Cotton, corn and wheat
have ruled low, and when labor was first being
employed, it did not demand lggh figures. But
it was evident to all business men that the ple-
thora of money would find its way at length into
general merchandise, and there is every evi-
dence now of a steady enhancement in values,
especially in manufactured articles, due to the
increased cost of labor.

On June 11th the Real Estate Record gave the
following advice to builders: ‘‘It would, we
judge, be wise to take large contracts ahead for
building material at their present rates. There
j8 every prospect of an enhancement in vaiues
during the coming fall, for while consumption is
enormous, supplies are light, and as the price of
labor is rising in every department of trade,
there is a fear of a large enhancement of values.”

Those who heeded that warning have reason
to congratulate themselves. Take the article of
brick. In our market reports we have shown
over and over again the dangerous condition of
the brick market for buyers. The heavy rains
and other causes have prevented the usual work
in brick yards, and this occurring in connection
with an extraordinary demand for building, has
put the buyers of brick entirely at the mercy o
those who sell them. This hint ought to be suf-
ficient for all who are under obligations to com-
plete buildings. The increase in the price of
labor alone is sure to enhance the value of all
the materials which go into the construction of
a building. So serious is the brick question,
that more than one large concern has put a stop
to its work for the time being. Then, the scar-
city of labor has led to most extraordinary de-
mands for skilled working people.

As a matter of fact, there is too much building
going on. We are overdoing a legitimate and
necessary business. There is danger of loss to
those who entered into contracts based upon the
prices of labor and material which obtained six
months ago. Land is rising in value, and the
price of labor usually goes up when realty is in
better demand. This reacts on all prices, and
hence the prudent builder will make contracts
for some time ahead.—WNew York Real Estate
Record.

The bulk of the World’s writing is done with
steel pens. Esterbrook’s can be procured from
any stationer, and at wholesale from Brown

quarries, They are expected to be ready for | Bros., Toronto.

AMONG THE GEORGIAN BAY MILLS.

A party consisting of H. H. Cook, and Robt.
Jaffray of Toronto, Mr. McFarlane of the Edinf
burg Scotsman, and representatives of the Mail
and Globe, have been doing our timber country,
and from the correspondence in the latter journal
we cull the following as likely to prove interest-
ing to our readers :—

THE MIDLAND SAW-MILL.

Our visit to the elevator, the wharfs and the
saw-mill were made on Monday evening, when
all was lighted up by sixteen electric lights.
The saw-mill, which is one of the mostextensive
in the Province, is owned by the Canadian Lum-
ber Company. This Company was formed
about two years since, under the presidency of
Mr. H. H. Cook, who handed over to it the ex-
tensive lumbering business he had then been
carrying on for several years. The capital, a
part of which is held in the Old Country, is
$1,000,000, one-half being preference stock, on
which an annual dividend of ten per cent. must
be paid before the other half million of stock
can claim any share of the profits.

THE INTERIOR OF THE MILL.

As this mill is a fair specimen of the largest
jumber mills in the country, a brief notice of it
may serve to give an idea of how these great
mills are carried on. There are two storeys, the
second one on a level with the extensive plat-
forms which, supported by trestle-work, extend
in every direction over the yard. In the lower
flat are the engines and, various separate ma-
chines, or machinery connected with the sawing
frames up-stairs. The engines are two in num-
ber—one of 120 horse-power and the other of 60.

SAWING UP THE LOGS.

Up-stairs, however, the whole process of saw-
ing is carried on. From the boom along the
water front the logs are shoved one by one into
an alley of water penetrating the mill, Then
by a steam crank and chains they are hoisted
up to the second storey and flung rolling upon a
sort of platform. At the further end of this is
a long car upon which the log rolls, and is
placed in a firm position by a wooden arm which
comes up through the floor, gives the log a poke
and a squeeze in what looks like a clumsily intel-
ligent manner. The log car then moves against
a pair of saws, which strip off from two opposite
sides of the log the bark and rough wood. When
the log has passed the saw it rolls upon a frame
work bearing a series of small iron wheels or
rollers, which facilitate the movement of the log
towards the great sawing machine. A hook now
seizes the timber, gives it a shove into its proper
position, rolls it upon a long car which is moved
slowly up endwise against a wide sawing ma-
chine containing a large number of parallel saws
adjusted to any required thickness of board.
Your correspondent saw alog about four feet
thick go through the saw singly, but generally
the small size of the logs admits of two or four
going through the machine at once. On the
other side of the machine the rough boards, such
as come off the unsquared parts of the log, are
taken to one side and sawn into lengths. On
the other side the good boards are thrown upon
a small movable platform suspended from a
curved iron-way above. They are then swung
upon a broad car which moves them up to an-
other sawing machine, over which they pass and
are cut into the required lengths, and their
rough ends trimmed off. The now finished
boards are either shoved down a flume into the
lower storey, or out upon cars on the elevated
railways, and carried away to the piles which
fill up most of the yard.

WHAT IS DONE WITH THE RUBBISH.

Long, shallow boxes reach round the building,
and a system of endless chains, attached to
which are transverse pieces of wood, scrape all
the sawdust, bark and refuse wood out of the
building, and either into the boiler room or away
over an elevated way into a gigantic furnace
nearly a hundred fect high and twenty-cight fect
in diameter. The furnace is a round stone
tower, narrowing in its upper part into a broad
smokestack. A great damper on the ground
outside admits the air to beneath the half open
flooring of the furnace. At an elevation of forty
or fifty feet is an opening through which the end-
less chain carries the refuse of the mill, and
throws it upon an inclined sheet of iron, down
which the stuff slides till it falls into the middle

of the flames below, The constant falling of

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

heavy boards upon this sheet of iron causes an
incessant rumbling noise like the sheet iron
thunder of a theatre.

THE HEAT OF THE FURNACE.

Through the openings in the side of this great
furnace there stream at night great beams of red
light, which produce a weird effect as they fall
upon the human figures moving around in the
darkness. Inside a circular pit of from twenty-
eight feet in diameter and ten or twelve deep is
a glowing mass of coal, above which the flames
roar and curl, and reach upward fiery tongues
as if to lick down the pine fragments falling
from the iron slide above.

The enormous destruction of refuse by this
furnace at first sight may appear reckless, but
in the lumber districts this refuse is worse than
a drug, and is burned simply to get rid of it.
Throwing it into the water would prove an in-
tolerable nuisance and eyesore along these
beautiful shores, and besides would poison the
fish.

BRIGHT AS DAY.

We visited the mills at night, and found them
lighted by eight Brush electric lights. The
whole place seemed as bright as noonday. Even
in the shadow the brightness was diffused as is
a solar light in the shadows of daytime. Out-
side, away above the elevated platform, the
lights now poured their radiance down upon the
mills and trestle- works and acres of lumber piles
and out on the tens of thousands of logs float-
ing in the booms in the harbour. It was pro-
posed to concentrate the outside lights in one
or two high towers, so as to more effectively:
light up the village and harbour.

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE MILL.

The mill has a capacity of twenty-five million
feet per season, and it is expected that eighteen
million feet will be produced this year. There
are also thirty thousand laths turned out per diem
from small pieces of scantling which cannot be
sold for lumber. Three hundred men are em-
ployed at the mill during the time of navigation.
In winter most of these men betake themselves
to the woods of the Muskoka and other rivers
flowing into Georgian Bay. In these primeval
forests the Canadian Lumber Company employs
one thousand men all winter. The company
has also built a mill at the mouth of the Wye,
two miles south-east of Midland. This mill is
smaller than the Midland one, having a capacity
of only six million feet per annum. Midland
has two mills besides that of the Lumber Com-
pany. They are owned by Messrs. Cheer
Brothers and John Dollar. The two mills to-
gether are capable of producing eight million
feet per annum.

WHERE THE LOGS COME FROM.

The logs for the mills come from far away in
the interior. They are hauled in winter to the
streams, and piled along the ice. Every log
has upon it the mark of the lumbering firm to
which it belongs. These marks are patented,
and heavy liabilities are placed upon any one
who interferes with them. In the spring the
most of the logs are carried down the rivers to
the bay, while a special company brings down
all the others later, carefully distinguishing as
to ownership. The grand collecting booms of
the Canadian Company are at Muskwash,
eighteen miles from Midland. Here booms of
various sizes are made up and towed by a tug
belonging to the company to the mills at Mid-
land and at the Wye. Then the booms are
floated in behind the long boom that stretches
behind the shore with a width of from fifty to
three hundred feet.

It may be necessary for the information of
the uninitiated to explain that, although square
timber is put up in rafts, round logs are not,
but are floated in booms. These booms consist
of logs connected by chains running through
holes in their ends. A boom may thus be con-
structed for floating logs along the lake, or for
confining them in a short strip against the
shore, ‘
AN HISTORICAL LOCATITY.

Near this locality are the ruins of an old
French fort said to have been built over 250
years ago, but which was abandoned after the
garrison had been massacred by the Indians.
The masonry is overgrown with trees, and
right upon the walls are standing stumps two
or three feet in thickness. Three miles further
inland an Tndian pit containing the skeletons of

three thousand of the old aboriginies was dis-

covered a couple of years ago. At the Wye in
times long past the Hudson Bay Company
maintained a post, of which scarcely a vestage
is now remaining. At Victdria Harbor, a few
miles further south-east, we found the exten-
sive mills of Mr. Richard Powers. These mills
produce 15,000,000 feet of lumber annually. At
Sturgeon Bay, a little eastward, are two mills
of a capacity of about four millions each,
A MODEL SAWMILL,

At Waubushene we stopped for over half an
hour to see the immense mill of the Georgian
Bay Lumber Company. The village is a model
of taste and neatness. The streets are tidy,
and the houses, which are of board, are painted
white, and surrounded by white picket fences,
Gardens and croquet lawns abound and every
evidence of comfort. The village is owned by
the Company,’ which charges no rent to the
occupants of the houses, all of whon are em-
ployees at the mill. These rent—free tenants
are, however, expected to keep their places in
gogd order, under penalty of ejectment in case
of negligence. No liquor is allowed to be sold
or brought into the village, a regulation ,which
the Company has enforced with excellent re-
sults. The appearance of the mill premises is
in keeping with that of the village. The mill
buildings have painted sides and roofs, and even
the trestlework which supports the miles of
elevated railway is painted white. The elevated
tracks extend along the piles of timber to a dis-
tance in all of several miles. The manager,
Mr. Peakham, a former resident of Toronto,
and who proves himself a most efficient director
of the mills, informs us that the railway siding
measured between seven and eight miles. The
mill’s interior sufficiently resembles the
Midland mill to make a description superfluous,
The motive power is derived from an engine of
350 horse-power. The logs are hauled up from
the water into the mill on inclined planes, and
keep two endless processions all day long. An
endless chain with teeth is used on one of the
machines, while the other works with toothed
wheels. Adjoining the mills are the ware-
house, where supplies are stored, and a smaller
building in which the tug boat lies when not in
use. The mill has a capacity of about fifteen
millions, and employs about one hundred men,
The Company has another mill at the Severn, a
few miles distant.

WANTED, A SOFT PLACE.

Inquiries come to us almost every week,
‘“wanted a position,” ‘‘ would like to superin-
tend a mill or get into a position where there is
a good salary to be had, not very much work to
do; ama graduate of College, can refer
to the Hon. so-and-so, the Rev. so-and-so, etc.”
There are about two hundred thousand men in
the United States, if not a good many more,
who are all looking for soft places, and have
been looking for soft places ever since they were
big enough to keep out of the reach of their
mother’s slipper, and the very fact of this con-
tinued hunt for soft places has cost the Ameri-
can people millions upon millions of dollars.
Soft places are not to be had for the asking, and
the general construction of this slang phrase is
a place with a fat salary and not much work or
responsibility. Just the sort of men are always
looking for these places that are neither fitted by
nature, by culture, qualification or disposition to
properly fill them.

The majority of men are satisfied with a salary
of from one to three thousand dollars. Some-
times men, with special qualifications, reach five,
six or ten thousand in private life or in private
business. There are a great many men to-day
drawing salaries of from five to twenty-five or
thirty thousand dollars who are no more fitted
for the position they occupy than an uneducated
boot-black is for professor of languages. They
are put into these positions by the influence of
their friends, so that their clique can control the
railroad; manufacturing corporation, or what-
ever the position may be ; and the fact of it is,
in a position like this, there is no sort of compe-
tition, no chance of merited promotion, and, as
a rule, the men who hold these positions would
be very expensive at $10 per year, so far as their
personal qualifications and worth go. * * *

What we want to-day are men who are fitted
by their experience and contact with business to

who never 9: clipe miliy np mage 7 ;

5 bhsinceadign’ Go ae pee Ai

smart he is, is unfit to have the managemer
one. The man who has not had actual exy :
ence with a railroad, can not run it, successfully
at least, and’ it does not make any differences
whose son-in-law he is, or how much he has
learned at some college. We prefer to risk c
life on a road managed by aman who has bee
brought up in the business, and knows what
is doing ; and the tendency among railroad mai
agers, to-day, is to seek out this class of mena
give them the control of roads, because the x
who can run the train himself can teach c
how to do it, and he knows also whether tt
are doing as they are instructed or not.
The man who can erect the machine
cotton mill, who can figure his own drafts,t
changes, etc., is the very man to know th
the people who are working under his directix
are doing their work as they should do it or not
We take the ground that it is no disgrace to
man to.have acollegiate education. The
jority of men form habits during their attend-
ance upon the average college which are not ai
particular benefit to them all through life, and
the simple fact that aman has been through
college, and has graduated, is no sort of a war-
rant toa cotton spinner, a machine maker, a
railroad or steamship manager, that that man
is any more fit to take practical charge of eith
one of these matters than as though he had ne
seen college, except insomuch as he may be able
to write or figure better. The certainties are
that he will not know as much or ag well abou
doing the routine work required as some mal
who has been for several years employed in
line of business which gives him familiarity with
what he is in daily contact with. And othe
things being taken as equal, we would prefer, if
we were to choose editorial assistants, to take
from the ranks men who were familiar with th
manipulations of machinery, men who knew the
difference between a-wheel-barrow and a front
roll, a monkey-wrench and a water-wheel, than
to take the best educated collegian who knew
only his Greek and Latin—and perhaps very in-
differently at that—for the man who had been
several years working with his hands and his
brains, has formed habits that will stick to him
through life ; he is better able to cope with d
ficulties, he is less liable to errin judgment,
his judgment is apt to be keener and clearer th
the man who has, up to the time of his leavi
college, depended entirely upon somebody é
for every thing.
Capitalists and business men are getting to
take this view of matters, and within the
two years men who have been expecting s
places or desirable positions, have had to s
back and see men who have been in the wor
promoted. Asa matter of fact, the last seven
or eight years have taught capitalists and sto
holders that we have been on the wrong track.
They have switched off ; they are running more
upon common-sense seindiples than ever before,
and the man who requires a soft place he e
will have to work for it, etal rackicaly tndkco bial
self fit to be promoted, but fit to hold the place
after he has been put into it.
Men who have. never been obliged to depend
upon themselves, are not men to be'trusted with
the working out of important problems. Men
who have been compelled to earn their own liv-
ing and to get their education by such means as
good books and papers, out of working hours,
not only learn faster, but what they learn they
are sure of. Seemingly soft places are not al
so soft as they appear to be ; and if a man is
capable of holding a position, the surest way for
him to get it isto attend strictly whatever he
has in hand, and he may be assured that his
time will come from some source or other, an
it will most likely come when he least expects
it.—Boston Journal of Commerce. b

Ar the annual meeting of the stockholders
the Longford Lumber Co, the other day, 2
Wm. Thompson. was appointed President, in
the place of his father lately deceased, and M
Maxwell Hall, formerly of Peterboro,Secretary.

Mr. GrorGk STeTHEM, of Peterborough, ask
any mill-owner using leather belting to try |
Tewell’s (Hartford, Conn.,) oak tanned ; from 4
to 12 inch in stock. No matter how small th
order. Satisfaction guaranteed, pes

LP
i

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE SCOTTISH PINE.

Erect he stands, ’mid scenes so wild,
On Nature’s bulwarks grey ;

His plume waves in the northern breeze,
The shadows round him play.

The blacken fern and blackberry
Spring up about his feet,

While heath-crowned rocks, or hoaty crags,
O’er head oft nearly meet.

The storms that blow so fierce and strong,
Round many a summit bare,

Sweep down upon him. Yet he stands
Unvanquished monarch there.

O’er many a glen his sceptre sways ;
Lone Rannock, wild Braemar,

The banks of Spey, and crooked Glass,
Lochiel, Glenroy, Cromar.

Although he loves his Highland hills,
*Mong purple heath to stand,

Yet we oft meet his stalwart form
Far from his native land.

Give him the welcome he deserves,
He’s always brave and true;

Where others fall, victorious he,
Shall save his bonnet blue.

A DURABLE WHITEWASH.
To the Editor of the Scientific American.

In regard to the query of C.B.C., in your last
number, in relation to whitewashing, I believe
I have tried every known wash. The so-called

- White House stucco wash is no better than any
ordinary whitewash. No brick wall that ever
is intended to be painted should be whitewashed.
All washes absorb water, and in damp weather
lose their color.

The best wash that I have ever heard of is
made as follows: For one barrel of color wash—
half a bushel white lime, 3 pecks hydraulic
cement, 10 pounds of umber, 10 pounds ocher,
1 pound Venetian red, quarter pound lamp-
black.

Slake the lime; cut the lampblack with vine-
gar; mix well together ; add the cememt, and
fill the barrel with water. Let it stand twelve
hours before using, and stir frequently while
putting it on.

This is not white, but of a light stone color,
without the unpleasant glare of white.* The

‘color may be changed by adding more or less
of the colors named, or othercolors, This wash
covers well, needing only one coat, and is supe-
rior to anything known, excepting oil paint.

I have known a rough board barn washed with
this to look well for five years, and even longer,
without renewing.

The cement hardens, but on a rough surface
will not scale.

Cincinnati, Ohio, J uly, 1881, T41G-

Population and Temperature.

A census bulletin shows the distribution of
population in the United States in accordance
with temperature. Arranging it in groups by 5
degrees of mean annual temperature, it is found
that no less than 98 per cent. of the total popu-

lation live between lines marked by 40 and 70
degrees Fah. The cotton region is above 55

degrees, sugar and rice above 70 degrees, and
tobacco between 50 degrees and 60 degrees. The
Prairie region of the Mississippi valley almost
entirely below 55 degrees, while the great wheat
region of Minnesota and Dakota is mainly
below 50 degrees of mean annual temperature.
The highest maximum temperature is in south-
western Arizona and southeastern California.
Of the entire population, 89 per cent. are found
in the classes which have maximum temperature
between 95 degrees and 105 degrees. In con-
sidering minimum temperature, it is seen that
9% per cent. of the inhabitants.of the United
States live between the lines of 35 degrees
below zero and 10 degrees above, for extreme
eld,

From this it is evident how population tends
t increase in regions rather north of medium
temperature ; or, more correctly speaking, be-

_ tween isotherms of low degree.

‘Tun “oer Pivasaxt, rapid, reliable and effectual
temedy yet discovered for diarrhua, dysentry, cholera
morbus, cholera infantum, and all summer complaints,
is Dr. Vowler's Extract of Wild Strawberry. It is un

a4 a reliable specific in the above diseases, it
is known a4 @ great remedial agent, and is more
" valued the longer it is known. Travellers and

now
thould carrya ly in their havereack. For
by all dealers in Medicines

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,
A paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000 ; and above
percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. iyxi6
Wanted.

ASECOND HAND DOUBLE EDGER ; also a LATH
MACHINE, both in good repair. Reply stating lowest
cash terms or particulars to Box 1002, Peterborough.110

For Sale.

A 40 INCH LEFFELL WHEEL and COMPLETE
CIRCULAR RIG, all in good order, suitable for a fifteen
foot head. Apply to Box 1002, Peterborough. L10

Orillia House,

ORILLIA.
New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north 0

Toronto; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free ’bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen’s Hotel,

TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on

ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.
b26 WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good-Stabling. ly1lh

St. Louis Hotel.

THE RUSSELL HOTEL CO., Proprietors.
WILLIS RUSSELL, Pres., Quebec.
This hotel, which is unrivalled for size, style and
locality in Quebec, is open throughout the year for
pleasure and business travel. b18

Queen’s Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE.

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) having lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free ’bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.
' f@ Every accommodation for Commercial and
LUMBERMEN.
L14

W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘‘ Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are well furnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free ’bus to and from trains and
steamboats. b26

Mill Property for Sale.

That Stearn Saw Mill, at the Village of Cumberland,
formerly owned by BURTON & WATSON, with all the
Machinery, and also Wharf, Store-house, and several
Cottages on the property. Apply to the Union Bank
ghd Canada.

L1¢

M. A. ANDERSON, Manager.

E. 8. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope.

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER.
u12-ly

L11

9
vo

JUST PUBLISHED |

LOVELL’S GAZETTEER
BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.

Containing the latest and most authentic descriptions of over SEVEN THOUS-
AND FIVE HUNDRED CITIES, TOWNS and VILLAGES, and of over EIGHTEEN
HUNDRED LAKES and RIVERS in the Dominion of Canada;a TABLE OF ROUTES.
shewing the proximity of the RAILROAD STATIONS, and SEA, LAKE and RIVER
PORTS to the CITIES, TOWNS and VILLAGES, and a neat COLORED MAP OF

THE DOMINION,

Price in Full Cloth, $3.00. Will be Mailed on Receipt of Price.
JOHN LOVELL & SON,

L19

Publishers, Montreal

63 OHAMBERS ST |
5 ORK.

The Best Axes in the World!

.WE

ces

P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.) EXTRA and STANDARD LEATHER BELTING
\ Jowitt & Nicholson 2nd CUT FILES. LATH YARN.

GEORGE STETHEM

PETERBOROUCH, ONTARIO,

12-117

Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware.

The Largest Manufacturers of

SHEET IRON ROOFING

IN THE UNITED STATES.

Can give the Best of References in

every State and Territory.

POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP’Y,

101, 103 and 105 West Front Street, ,

CINCINNATI.

All Kinds of CORRUGATED TRON Furnished.

Send for Lilustrated Circulars, naming THE CANADA Z
12u1

LUMBERMAN,

TTI’

1

Burdock BLOOD Bitters

Burdock Healing Ointment should be
used in connection with Burdock Blood Bitters for
curing Ulcers, Abscesses, Fevers, Sores, &c. Price

_ 25centspi boxe T. MILBURN & CO., |
Sas So.e AGEnTs, Toronta

CANOES!

The undersigned keeps Canoes suitable
for LUMBERMEN, SPORTSMEN and
others constantly on hand. Price List on
application,

WILLIAM ENGLISH

1481 PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

DESERONTO.

A GREAT WOOD CENTRE—RATHBURN & SON’S EX-

TENSIVE OPERATIONS—WHAT ENTERPRIZE
AND ENERGY HAVE DONE.

About the year 1848 H. B. Rathbun, Esq,
arrived in these parts, seeking a site to establish

himself in the lumbering business. Picton,

Napanee, Belleville and other points were all
approached in turn, but none would offer a suit-
able site or hold out sufficient inducements to
secure the location of his business, and he con-
Facts have

sequently settled at Culvertson’s.
since proven that in giving Mr. R. the cold
shoulder, is just when the other corporations
missed their golden opportunity,

ITS GROWTH.

The original saw mill, which was of a primi-
tive character, was soon found to be entirely
inadequate for the requirements of their busi-
ness, and was therefore replaced by one of a
more approved pattern, and supplied with better
machinery. In the year 1872 this mill with the
other shops which had been added, together with
the lumber surrounding them, was entirely con-
sumed by fire, but the buildings and machinery
were immediately replaced by a more substan-
tial structure, fitted up with all the economical
and labor-saving machinery known to the busi-

ness,
THE BIG MILL,

as it at present stands, is built of stone, covered
with an iron roof, and with the excellent facili-
ties for avoiding and overcoming fire, is as safe
from the destructive element as 1t is possible to
make it. The size of the main building is
173x137 feet. The sawing floor is 145 feet long
by 90 feet wide. The sawing machinery consists
of 165 gang saws, and 38 small circulars, for
edging, making lath, etc. The machinery for
handling the logs is the most effective and econ-
omical in time and labor known to the business,
while the arrangements for sorting and carrying
off the manufactured lumber and the refuse is
complete, An elevated railway was constructed
a littleover a year ago for conveying the edgings,
etc., to the adjacent wharves for convenient
shipment to the steamers which use them as fuel,
and for shipment to other places where large
quantities are consumed as firewood. The pro-

duct of the mill for the year 1881 will be at least
28,000,000 feet of pine lumber, besides lath, bar-
rel heads and short lumber, running by day. only.
Not a single inch of lumber which is adapted to
any use is allowed to go to waste, and even the
sawdust is henceforth to be utilized and turned
into a valuable commodity which will give it a

market value.
DRY KILNS,

South of the mill are five large dry kilns for
the quick seasoning of lumber. The bay, in the
immediate vicinity of the mill, furnishes ample
storage room for the large quantity of logs re-
quired to keep the mills in operation during the
season.

BLACKSMITH SHOP AND BOILER ROOM.

Adjoining the ‘“‘big mill” and to the east of
it,is the blacksmith shop and boiler rooms.
These are filled with the best machinery, such
as steam hammers, Xc., for the building of the
largest boilers and other machinery, and making
necessary repairs. A large staff of skilled me-
chanics are employed,

; MACHINE SHOP.

Tf there is one department in which Messrs,
Rathbun endeavor to excel, it is in their ma-
chinery department. No trouble or expense is
counted loss in securing the services of the most
skilled artizans, to perfect not. only the machin-
ery of their own establishment, but of the steam
vessels which are entrusted to their workman-
ship. Some of the very best marine engines
employed on the bay and lake service are from
this establishment, and the satisfaction which
they are giving is the best proof of their excel-
lence. They areat present engaged upon a large
double engine to be placed in a freight and pass-
enger propeller now on the ways, and to be em-
ployed by the Deseronto Navigation Company,
between Oswego and the bay ports, Repairs
are promptly executed in this department, and
already the firm has established a wide reputa-
tion among marine men.

PLANING MILL AND SASH AND DOOR FACTORY,

To the north of the machine shop is the plan-
ing mill and sash and door factory. This is an
industry which has been in operation only a

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

short time, but it promises soon to rival even the
big mill in the range of its products, and its im-
portance to the future of this place. A trade in
this line has been opened up with Great Britain,
Australia, New Zealand, and other couutries,
and as the foreign demand is practically unlimit-
ed and is constantly increasing, the possibilities
of this trade cannot be estimated. Shipmenss
‘are made weekly to all parts of the globe, and
the facilities for production have to be constant-
ly increased to meet the demand. The follow-
ing is the product of this mill during 1880 :—

DOOLS. .bvicles segs vee uasee eevee 25,000
4 Turned Maple Rods...... veves 60,000 pieces.

Chair Stretchers,.....-++-seees - 100,000 *
MOwIGin Gs crests wieleisisisieile sisicles\o'e 600,000 feet.
Broom Handles.....+.+.++ votleee 75,000
Window Sash.i.iic. osscccsceoncie 7,000

fF (Binds: cig reels eiektojestay 4,500
Matched Flooring..+++-.+++0.--+ 3,000,000 feet.

This year they will turn out lath, 10,000,000 ;
doors, 40,000 ; besides sash, mouldings, &c. <A
large part of the above was exported to EKuro-
pean countries and the antipodes.

To the east of the collection of mills is located

the
SHIP YARD

where on an average about forty men are con-
stantly employed, and a large number of steam
and sailing vessels have been constructed dur-
ing the past few years. Perhaps half of the
bay fleet now employed in the bay and lake
trade is from this yard, and the industry is in-
creasing year by year. <A large freight and
passenger propeller is now on the way, and it
is expected she will be completed for business
some time in August, to be ready for the fall
trade. An immense repairing business is done

at this yard,
THE CEDAR MILL

is located just east of the ship yard. Unlike
the “big mill” this is kept in operation through-
out the year, and the amount of manufactured
material turned out is enormous. Tor the sea-
son of 1881, they expect to turn out 12,000,000
feet of ties and lumber,

Besides the above the Messrs. Rathbun &
Son have contracts for the delivery of cedar
ties and lumber from outside mills amounting
to 10,000,000 feet,

During the year 1881 they will pa iaetore
20,000,000 shingles.

OTHER MILLS,

Besides the above mills Messrs. Rathbun &
Son own the Eagle Mills at Ferry Point, and
the Walbridge at Shannonville is operated for
them. At the former they will saw 12,000,000
feet of lumber this year, and at the latter 75,000
feet. The magnitude of all the figures—the
product of Messrs. Rathbun’s Mills, can be
scarcely comprehended even by those who are
accustomed to lumbering operations on a large
Scale, for instance we have the

Big Mill,.....cecccccceccvvcesvveces 28,000,000
Cedar Mill, ties and lumber......... 12,000,000
BA lO MEI oie v8 oiciec viee0s clones wrsielee in 12,000,000
Wallbridge’s Mill..ccsc:wccieevs ewes 750,000
Contract for ties and lumber........ 10,000,000

Making a grand total of 62,750,000 feet of
lumber and ties, besides the lath, shingles, doors,
sash, blinds, moulding and other goods which
are in constant course of manufacture. In their
mills at Deseronto, they now employ about 500
men, and in all their operations about 1,500
hands on the average are kept constantly em-
ployed. The operations of the firm are amazing
to the novice, and an inspection of the mills and
factories is always interesting. We haye several
times had the pleasure of visiting the mills, and
have always found both proprietors and employ-
ees willing, courteous and obliging to visitors,
and those who can make it convenient to visit
the village and make a tour of inspection will be
well repaid for their trouble.

We almost forgot to mention that the logs
that will be brought down the Napanee, Moira
and Trent waters this year by the firm will ag-
gregate 300,000 pieces, besides 125,000-pieces of
cedar, timber and floats.

THE STABLRS,

An important adjunct. to: the. other interests
of the place is the stables of the firm, These
are located just east of the road and are the
most extensive and. complete i in their equipment
of ony to be found in the’ provines. -The'stab"e
is 40x140 feet—two stories —h, with ) horse fork
and other apparatus for hoisting feed, and is

provided with granary,root cellar, harness room,
straw cutter, etc. About eighty horses and
mules are kept stabled here, and from an in-
spection of the stock we know that the firm has
some of the finest draft horses in the district.
They also keep some good road stock. The
animals are kept in excellent eondition.
THE GRIST MILL.

This is Messrs. Rathbun and Son’s latest en-
terprise, and itis one of greatest importance.
The mill is situated in the eastern portion of
the village Deseronto, and is a substantial stone
structure, 45x70 feet, four stories in height the
stories ranging from twelve to sixteen feet high.
At the north end of the building is the
engine-room, also of stone, 40x40 feet. To the

south or rear of the mill, on the water front is’

the elevator, entirely sheeted with iror,50x60
feet, forty-five feet high, and surrounded by a
cupola twenty-two feet high. This elevator has
a storage capacity of 45,000 bushels, and the
mill is supplied with wheat from it by means of
an iron screw conveyor, which passes into the
mill in the third storey. About sixty-five feet
west of the mill is a bran and flour warehouse,
40x60 feet, forty-five feet high. The upper por-
tion is used for the storage of bran, and has a
capacity of 400 tons, while the lower portion is
intended for a flour warehouse, having the
capacity for from 1800 to 2,000 barrels, This
mill operates on a system which is entirely new
in the Dominion at least, and very few such
mills are in operation on this continent. In-
stead of employing stones in grinding, the
kernel is crushed, by means of a series of iron
rollers revolving at great speed, and which
gradually reduce the grain to flour of the finest
and purest grade. This mill has twelve setts of
these rolls, and is regarded by milling experts
as one of the most complete on the continent.
The sample of flour turned out in every day
work equals the finest brands manufactured,and
is, in every way, of superior quality. The mill
is now turning out daily an average of 125
barrels. In an article upon this mill the Mfill-
ing World says :—

‘*The mill, in the fullest sense of the word, is
a model, and reflects credit upon its proprietors
for the liberal spirit evinced in its fitting up,
and upon its designer for the perfet manner in
which every portion of the machinery performs
its allotted functions. The Deseronto mills are
unquestionably far in advance of home competi-
tion. The Messrs. Rathbun are to be congratu-
lated upon the ownership of the finest mills in
Canada.”

The location of these mills in our midst is an
advantage which should be appreciated by both
producers and consumers. The quality of flour
produced is unquestionably the finest and best
in the market. Another advantage is that
farmers taking their grists to the mill will im-
mediately have the proper amount of flour
weighed out to them, and may return to their
homes without delay.

THE GRAIN ELEVATOR
adjoining the grist mill is also a public accom-
modation which the people of this district are
not slow to appreciate, as it increases competi-
tion for their staples, and enables them to get
full value for their productions.

THE COAL TRADE,

Messrs. Rathbun & Son engage largely in
the coal trade and haye coal sheds at Deser-
onto, Belleville, Napanee, Kingston, Gananoque
and other points. Last year they handled about
20,000 tons of coal, and the prospects are they
will handle a much larger amount this year.

THE DOCKS,

Nowhere are the improvements which Messrs,
Rathbun & Son have effected in Deseronto
more noticeable than in the magnificent docks
and wharves which they have constructed.
These now reach over a mile and a half in
length, and are of the most substantial charac-
ter, having been built for permanency and not
for temporary accommodation. These are con.
stantly filled with huge piles of lumber, and it
is a rare thing indeed for a visitor to call at the
village and fail to find vessels loading lumber
therefrom for foreign parts. The steamboat
landing and storehouse is the principal point of
attraction, but our space will not admit of a
detailed description of this, Suffice it to say
that it is one of the most convenient and com-

modious on the Bay. They have also ex
docks at Belleville, Napanee, Kingston,
anoque and other places. Directly opposite th
steamboat wharf is an immense coal shed,
very substantial construction,

THE BIG STORE.

Messrs. Rathbun & Son are also the proprie
tors of a large store in the village, through whie
they supply their employees and the public wit
everything from a needle to an anchor. “

BANKING.

The firm has also within the past few mont)
added banking to their other business, which is
found to be a great accommodation to t
people of the village.

THE OFFICE.

Their offices are at present located in a one
storey building between the big mill and t
steamboat wharf, bat we are informed that the
firm contemplate erecting, at no er
large and commodious suite of offices p
of more conveniences than the present bu
quarters. ‘

Every department in their.mills is connected
with Mr. Rathbun’s private office by means of
a Bell telephone, so that orders and directic
may be given promptly by word of mouth.

DESERONTO NAVIGATION COMPANY.

The business of the firm of Messrs.
& Son’ is of itself sufficient to keep a
fleet of steam and sailing vessels
ployed. Until very recently, nearly the whe
of their immense transportation business
done by steamers owned by the firm. Last
however, a new company styled the “‘ Deseron
Navigation Company,” was organized, composed
principally of Messrs. Rathbun & Sons and their
employees, and the principal steamers are now
under control of thecompany. The principal of
these are the steamers Armenia, between Deser-
onto and Ogdensburg, tri-weekly ; the Deseronto,
between Picton and Trenton, daily ; the Pilgrim,
between Deseronto and Napanee, and the steam
barge Norman. The Company has another
large propeller on the way which, it is expected,
will be completed in August. She is intended: — i
for passengers and freight, and will be run be-
tween Oswego and Bay ports. The engineshaye
been constructed in Messrs, Rathbun &3Sons
machine shops, and are nearly ready to be se
up. R. C. Carter, Esq., is manager of the
pany, and the steamers being swift And commo-
dious, and so placed that they make sure
convenient connections, they are fast becoming
popular with the travelling public. The rout
of the Armenia, passing through the }
Islands by daylight, both going and returning,
is particularly pleasant. F. S. Rathburn, Ese
is Secretary-Treasurer of the Company.
THE FARM.

Messrs. Rathbun & Son have, within the pas'
two or three years, added a magnificent farm to
the other industries. The farm is located im.
mediately north of the village, and contains two
hundred and thirty acres of the very best arable |
land to be found in this favored agricultural di
trict. An experienced manager has been en
gaged, and already the transformation that h
taken place is amazing to those who have been
content tq spend their lives plodding along or
the old system. Messrs. Rathbun & Son ha’
undertaken to test the value of scientific farming
in Canada. They have some excellent thorough
bred stock, and in every respect the farming
operations are carried on in the most approved
principle. It will not take many years fo
Messrs. Rathbun & Son to make their farm
model of the Bay district, if not the Provi:
Like every other department of their busin
the aim is to make the farm self-sustaining, a
we are assured this object will not be lost sig
of in its management, as is too often the case i
farming on scientific principles.

RAILWAY CONNECTION.

Until now Deseronto has depended enti
upon water communication for their interce
with the outside world, but it has been a fac
patent to all that this state of affairs would
be long tolerated. Last year the village granted. |
s handsome bonus to secure connection with the.
Grand Trunk Railway, and with the p ptne —
which marks all their enterprises, the c 7
for grading has already been given ar jes
are upon the route, and in a few :

;

om-

- is in a way a puzzle to doctors.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

5

three months at farthest—the citizens will hear
the snort of the iron horse entering their village,
The railway is to be furnished with steel rails,
and will be in every respect a first-class road,—
Napanee Beaver.

THE TREATMENT OF SEA SICKNESS.

The Tribune has been making inquiries among
prominent physicians touching the cause and
cure of sea sickness :

“What advice in regard to seasickness would
you give a patient going to sea?” was asked of
Dr. Alonzo Clark.

“*T should tell him to take a wash basin into
his stateroom,” responded Dr, Clark, cheerfully.

“Then there is no remedy ?”

“One remedy, yes—to stay ashore.” Dr.
Clark continued : ‘‘I think people will be sea
sick until the millennium comes. The disorder
It is caused by
a disordered action in the brain and nervous
system, and the stomach feels it as a part sup-

plied with nerves. There is no perceptible’

change in the nerve tissue, but a nerve disturb-
ance, and probably all the brain is affected. .It
is unaccountable that the practice of going to
sea cures the disorder, although this may be
owing to a circulatory accommodation. I have
never made use of the various remedies suggest-
ed. Sea-sickness is modified by a low diet, and
if health is much depressed the patient should
keep his bed. Food should be taken as con-
stantly as possible, and the best form is soup
with toasted crackers. Any alcoholic drink will
soothe some stomachs. The supposed benefit
to be derived from sea-sickness amounts to very
little, except, perhaps, in the case of large feed-
ers. Of course,tand sickness, caused by riding
backward and in railway cars, is practically the
same as sea-sickness. An instance has been
related of a woman cured.by wearing a sheet of
paper over her chest, which illustrates the
power of faith.”

- Dr. Geo. M. Beard said: “‘ A year ago there
was no disease of which so little was known and
which was so incurable as sea-sickness ; now
there is no disease of which so much is known
and which is so perfectly curable. It is a
functional disease of the central nervous system,
mainly of the brain, but sometimes also of the
spinal cord, and comes from purely mechanical
and physical causes, being a result of a series of
mild concussions. No more benefit can be de-
rived from it than from an attack of typhoid
fever. Infancy and old age are least affected
by it, and it is most frequent and severe with
the nervous and sensitive. In some cases there
is simply congestion of the brain. The chief
symptoms are headache, backache, nausea,
vomiting, pain in the eyes, mental depression,
neuralgic pains, sleeplessness, and nervous ex-
haustion. Dr. F. D. Lente, of Florida, first
suggested the use of bromide of potassium as a
preventive of sea-sickness in voyages between
the North and South, and it was used with good
results. This had also been recommended by

‘Dr. Parker, who carefully studied the subject.
‘My experience had led to my developing this
‘treatment for long voyages and suggesting bro-

nide of sodium in large doses instead of bromide
of potassium. The former is less irritating to
the stomach and contains more bromine than
the latter, but when not procurable bromide of
Potassium may be used. The patient should
take thirty, sixty, or ninety grain doses of bro-
tide of sodium three times a day a few days
before embarking and keep it up at sea until
the danger seems to be past. The result aimed
at is a mild bromization of the central nervous
system, rendering it less susceptible to the dis-
turbances cansed by the movements of the ship.
There isa great difference in people about the
eflect, and the great point is to know when to
stop taking it, avoiding an excess, and not to
take too little. A few people have an idiosyn-
Crasy against bromide, bus there is little or no
danger from its use if patients will carefully
for the} sleepiness and indisposition for
exercise which are the symptoms of mild bromi-
zation. I have known of but one failure from
‘proper use of bromides, and I have here
letters from persons who have crossed
by their use, although always sick before,
the drug should be taken intelligently

competent directions, as there is a

difference in different people, and every

casé ought to be studied separately so far as
possible.”

‘What is sea-sickness?” was asked of Dr.
Wm. A. Hammond.

“Well, I should call it a disorder of the
nervous system.”

‘Ts there any remedy !”

‘*T can’t lay down rules for other people, but
I can tell what I have found beneficial in my
own case, and that is ten or fifteen drops of
chloroform on lump sugar, and the use of bro-
mide of potassium.”

ee
Overworking the Undeveloped Brain.

“Overwork,” properly so-called, can only oc-
cur when the organ upon which the stress of the
labor falls is as yet immature, and, therefore, in
process of development. When an organ has
reached the maturity of its growth in can only
work up to the level of its capacity or faculty
for work. Fatigue may produce exhaustion, but
that exhaustion will come soon enough to save
the organ. Repeated ‘‘ efforts” may, under
abnormal conditions; follow each other too rapid-
ly to allow of recuperation in the intervals of
actual exertion, and as the starting point will,
in each successive instance, be lower than the
previous state, there may be a gradual abase-
ment ; but even this process should not seriously
injure a healthy and well developed organ. In
short, a great deal of nonsense has been said and
written about the “‘overwork ” of mature brains,
and there are grounds for believing that an ex-
cuse has been sought for idleness, or indulgence
in a valetudinarian habit, in the popular outcry
on this subject, which awhile ago attracted much
attention. Nevertheless there can be no room
to question the extreme peril of ‘‘ overwork” to
growing children and youths with undeveloped
brains.

The excessive use of an immature organ arrests
its development by diverting the energy which
should be appropriated to its growth, and con-
suming it in work. What happens to horses
which are allowed to run races too early, hap-
pens to boys and girls who are overworked at
school. The competitive system as applied to
youths has produced a most ruinous effect on the
mental constitution which this generation has to
hand down to the next, and particularly the next
but one ensuing. School work should be purely
and exclusively directedto development. “Cram-
ming” the young for examination purposes [col-
ledge students at this time of year take heed.—
Ep.] is like compelling an infant in arm§ to sit
up before the muscles of its back are strong
enough to support it in the upright position, or
to sustain the weight of its body on its legs by
standing while as yet the limbs are unable to
bear the burden imposed upon them. A crooked
spine or weak or contorted legs is the inevitable
penalty of such folly. Another blunder is com-
mitted when one of the organs of the body—to
wit, the brain—is worked at the expense of the
other parts of the organism, in face of the fact
that the measure of general health is propor-
tioned to the integrity of development, and the
functional activity of the body as a whole in the
harmony of its component systems. No one
organ can’ be developed at the expense of the
rest without a corresponding weakening of the
whole.—Lancet.

A Wood-Splitting Machine,

A novelty in mechanics is a wood-splitting
machine, which E. W. Peck has used near Cam-
bridgeburgh, Vt. It actsexactly upon the guil-
lotine principle. An enormous axe, weighing
with its fixtures 200 pounds, runs up and down
between two uprights, and is controlled by a
pair of levers. As the section of a log drops from
the buzz saw, it rolls down an incline to the
splitter. Here a workman places it under the
axe, which, descending, splits it with incredible
ease and despatch. The toughest and knottiest
© old settlers,” which it would take a man _ half
a week to split with an ordinary axe, are dis-
posed of ina second. The rapidity with which
it works may be imagined from the fact that it
can split wood as fast as it can be sawed ina
mill. It does as much work in a given time as
twenty mon can accomplish.

According to the Louisville Courier-Journal,

a good deal of the black walnut in Kentucky is
utilized in fence rails,

Wee circumstances has rendered it expe-

the Government respecting the administration of Do-
minion lands, public notice is hereby given :—

General in Council, on the 20th day of May instant,
and the following Regulations for the disposal of

principle shall apply so far as one half of each even-

Department of the Interior,
OTTAWA, 25th May, 1881.

dient to effect certain changes in the policy of

1. The Regulations of the 14th October, 1879, were
rescinded by order of His Excellency the Governor

agricultural lands substituted therefor :

2. The even-numbered sections within the Cana-
cian Pacific Railway Belt—that is to say, lying within
24 miles on each side of the line of the said Railway,
excepting those which may be required for wood-lots
in connection with settlers on prairie lands within the
said belt, or which may be otherwise specially dealt
with by the Governor in Council, shall be held exclu-
sively for homesteads and pre-emptions. The odd-
numbered sections within the said belt are Canadian
Pacific Railway Lands, and can only be acquired from
the Company.

8. The pre-emptions entered within the said belt of
24 miles on each side of the Canadian Pacific Railway,
up to and including the 31st day of December next,
shall be disposed of at the rate of $2.50 per acre ; four-
tenths of the purchase money, with interest on the
latter at the rate of six per cent. per annum, to be
paid at the end of three years from the date of entry,
the remainder to be paid in six equal instalments an-
nually from and after the said date, with interest at
the rate above mentioned on such portions of the pur-
chase money as may from time to time remain unpaid,
to be paid with each instalment.

4. From and after the 3lst day of December next,
the price shall remain the szme—that is $2.50 per acre
—for pre-emptions within the said belt, or within the
corresponding belt of any branch line of the said Rail-
way, but shall be paid in one sum at the end of three
years, or at such earlier period as the claimant may
have acquired a title to his homestead quarter-section.

5. Dominion Lands, the property of the Government,
within 24 miles of any projected line of railway recog-
nized by the Minister of Railways, and of which he has
given notice in the Oficial Gazette as being a project-
ed line of Railway, shall be dealt with as to price and
terms, as follows :—The pre-emptions shall be sold at
the same price and on the same terms as fixed in the
next preceding paragraph, and the odd-numbered sec-
tions shall be sold at $2.50 per acre, payable in cash.

6. In all townships open for sale and settlement
within Manitoba or the North-West Territories, out-
side of the said Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the
even-numbered sections, except in the cases provided
for in clause two of these Regulations, shall be held
exclusively for homestead and pre-emption, and the
odd-numbered sections for sale as public lands.

7. The lands described as public lands shall be sold
at the uniform price of $2 per acre, cash, excepting in
special cases where the Minister of the Interior, under
the provisions of section 4 of the amendment to the
Dominion Lands Act passed at the last session of Par-
liament, may deem it expedient to withdraw certain
farming lands from ordinary sale and settlement, and
put them up for sale at public auction to the highest
bidder, in which event such lands shall be put up at
upset price of $2 per acre.

8. Pre-emptions outside of the Canadian Pacific Rail-
way Belt shall be sold at the uniform price of $2 per
acre, to be paid in one sum at the end of three years
from the date of entry, or at such earlier period as the
claimant may acquire a title to his homestead quarter-
section.

9. Exceptions shall be made to the provisions of
clause 7, in so far*as relates to lands in the Province
of Manitoba or the North-West Territories, lying to the
north of the belt containing the Pacific Railway lands,
wherein a person being an actual settler on an odd-
numbered section shall have the privilege of purchas-
ing to the extent of 320 acres of such section, but no
more, at the price of $1.25 per acre, cash; but no
Patent shall be issued for such land until after three
years of actual residence upon the same.

10.. The price and terms of payment of odd-number-
ed sections and pre-emptions, above set forth, shall not
apply to persons who have settled in any one of the
several belts described in the said Regulations of the
14th October, 1879, hereby rescinded, but who have ob-
tained entries for their lands, and whe may establish a
right to purchase such odd-numbered sections or pre-
emptions, as the case may be, at the price and on the
terms respectively fixed for the same by the said
Regulations.

Timber for Settlers.

11. The system of wood lots in prairie townships
shall be continued—that is to say, homestead settlers
having no timber on their own lands, shall be permit-
ted to purchase wood lots in area not exceeding 20
acres each, at a uniform rate of $5 per acre, to be paid
in cash, ,

12. The provision in the next preceding paragraph
shall apply also to settlers on prairie sections bought
from the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, in cases
where the only wood lands available have, been laid
out on even-numbered sections, provided the Railway
Company agree to reciprocate where the only timber
in the locality may be found on their lands.

13. With a view to encouraging settlement by cheap-
ening the cost of building material, the Government
reserves the right to:grant licenses from time to time,
under and in accordance with the provisions of the
‘Dominion Lands Act” to cut merchantable timber
on any lands owned by it within surveyed townships ;
and settlement upon, or sale of any lands covered by
such license, shall, for the time being, be subject to
the operation of the same.

Sales of lands to Individuals or Corporations for
Colonization.

14. In any case where a company or individual ap-
plys for lands to colonize, and is willing to expend
capital to contribute towards the construction of
facilities for communication between such lands and
existing settlements, and the Government is satisfied
of the good faith and ability of such company or in-
dividual to carry out such undertaking, the odd-num-
bered sections in the case of lands outside of the
Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, or of the Belt of any
branch line or lines of the same, may be sold to such
company or individual at half price, or $1 per acre, in
cash. In case the lands applied for be situated
within the Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the same

numbered section is concerned—that is to say, the one-
half of each even-numbered gection may be sold to the

company or individua) at the price of $1.25 per acre to
be paid in cash. The company or individual will
further be protected up to the extent of $500, with six
per cent. interest thereon till paid, in the case of ad-
vances made to place families on homesteads, under
the provisions of section 10 of the amendments to the
Dominion Lands Acte hereinbefore mentioned.

15. In every such transaction, it shall be absolutely
conditional :—

(a.) That the company or individual, as the case may
be, shall, in case of lands outside of the said Canadian
Pacific Railway Belt, within three yeare of the cate of
the agreement with the Government, place two eettlers
on each of the odd-numbered sections, and also two on
homesteads on each of the even-numbered sections em-
braced in the scheme of colonization.

(b.) That should the land applied for be situated
within the Canadian Pacific Railway Belt, the company
or individual shall, within three years of the date of
the agreement with the Government, place twosettlers
on the half of each even numbered section purchased
under the provision contained in paragraph 14, above,
and also one settler upon each of the two quarter sec-
tions remaining available for homesteads in such
section,

(¢.) That on the promoters failing within the period
fixed, to place the prescribed number of settlers, the
Governor in Council may cancel the eale and the priv-
ilege of colonization, and resume possession of the
lands not settled, or charge the full price of $2 per
acre, or $2.50 per acre, as the case may be, for such
lands, as may be deemed expedient,

(d.) That it be distinctly understood that this policy
shall not only apply to schemes for colonization of the
public lands by Emigrants from Great Britain or the
European Continent.

Pasturage Lands.

16. The policy set forth as follows shall govern ap-
plications for lands for grazing purposes, and previous
to entertaining any application, the Minister of the
Interior shall satisfy himself of the good faith and
ability of the applicant to carry out the undertaking
involved in such application,

17. From time to time, as may be deemed expedient,
leases of such Townships, or portions of Townships, as
may be available for grazing purposes, shall be put up
at auction at an upset price to be fixed by the Minister
of the Interior, and sold to the highest bidder—the
premium for such leases to be paid in cash at the time
of the sale.

18. Such leases shall be for a period of twenty-one
years, and in accordance otherwise with the provisions
of section eight of the Amendment to the Dominion
Lands Act passed at the last Session of Parliament
hereinbefore mentioned. ;

_ 19 In all cases the area included in a lease shall be
in proportion to the quantity of the live stock kept
thereon, at the rate of ten acres of land to one head
of stock ; and the failure in any case of the lessee to
place the requisite stock upon the land within three
years from the granting of the lease, or in subsequent-
ly maintaining the proper ratio of stock to the area of
the leasehold, shall justify the Governor in Council in
cancelling such lease, orin diminishing proportionately
the area contained therein.

20. On placing the required proportion of stock
within the limits of the leasehold, the lessee shall have
the privilege of purchasing, and receiving a patent for,
a quantity of land covered by such lesse, on which to
construct the buildings necessary in connection there-
with, not to exceed five per cent. of the area of the
leasehold, which latter-shall in no single case exceed
100.000 acres,

21. The rental for a leasehold shall in all cases be at
the rate of $10 per annum for each thousand acres in-
cluded therein, and the price of the land which may be
purchased for the cattle station referred to in the next
preseding paragraph, shall be $1.25 per acre, payable in
cash.

Payments for Lands.

22. Payments for public lands and also for pre-emp-
tions made in cash, or in scrip, or in police or mnilitary
bounty warrants, at the option of the purchaser.

23. The above provisions shall not apply to lands
valuable for town plots, or to coalor other mineral
lands, or to stone or marble quarries, or to lands hav-
ing water power thereon; and further shall not, of
course, affect Sections 11 and 29 in each Township,
which are public school lands, or sections 8 and 26,
which are Hudson’s Bay Company’s lands.

_ J. S. DENNIS,
Deputy Minister of the Interior.
LINDSAY RUSSELL,

Surveyor-General. 3117

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.

FLEMING & SON,
26 Colborne St., Toronto.

TRUSSES.

san CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
S49 all attachments improved. No more
buckles, all on solid brass casting.
Book on ruptureand human frame free,
Send address in full post card. Best
true information about rupture and
deformities. CHAS, CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
1184 King Street west, Toronto. 12113

Li4

~The Canada Lumberman

2 ss PHE CANADA LUMBERMAN. a SL hee

A NEW LUMBER COMPANY.
THE MIDLAND AND NORTH SHORE LUMBERING
AND GENERAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
(LIMITED).

The Lindsay Post says :—A meeting of a num-
ber of gentlemen interested in the new lumber- —
ing and manufacturing company, to be formed
with headquarters at Lindsay, was held at the
Benson House on Monday, and satisfactory pro-
gress made in the project. Amongthose present —
were Hon, T. N. Gibbs, Oshawa; R. C. Smith,
Port Hope; A. P. Poussette, D. Ulyott, Peter-
boro; J. D. Smith, Fenelon Falls, and J. A.
Barron and Needler & Sadler, Lindsay. The
capital steck is to be $750,000, in shares of $100
each, and nearly one-half of this amount has been

FORESTRY,

THE Council of the Agricultural and
Arts Association offer special prizes this
year for essays on ‘‘ Forestry, including best
methods of preserving our present forests,
and the varieties of trees best suited for
forest planting.” These essays are not to
exceed twenty pages of foolscap in length, and
are to be sent into the Secretary of the Council,
(Henry Wade, Toronto,) not later than the 15th
August, so as to be examined by a committee,
the prizes awarded and the prize essays read at
a public meeting to be held during the Pro-
vincial Exhibition, on Wednesday evening the
21st of September. The prize for the best
essay is $30, for the second best, $20.

sumed in this market, in round numbers, some-
thing over 2,000,000 feet of walnut, which may
be put down at an average price of $80 per M.,
thus making a total investment in this clase of
wood alone of $160,000.00, and the trade in this
and other fancy woods is rapidly increasing.
How long the forests of this continent will stand
the yearly drain now being made in the above
and other woods is hard to predict, but unless
an extensive system of replanting is soon entered
upon, the end may be much nearer than many
people imagine.

Freights to Oswego remain about the same,
with some tendency on the part of vessel owners
to accept slightly lower rates on lumber, as there
are always a large number of vessels seeking

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription ;

Matsietsls|sipieteleleletsiet-ie 2 00 io : ; * ot :
One ee ee poattia faaayaniee wei EMRE REL SIO % 00 lumber Wg eaE sae unfit a the - Sse uci taken and paid already. From the notice in the
: s rying trade. Shingles have at last taken a leap} Ontario Gazette we gather that the company is _

eet hiaemamanniey $0 90 Fa a upwards, and are now selling from the yards at} to be called “The Midland and North Shore
Per line, LOTIFLXEINONLNS! cae wiekie co neere on 50 From Our Own Correspondent. $2.75 per M. for XXX, and if the present scar- Lumbering and General Manufacturing Co.,
Per line, for three months. . 30! Toronto, July 25.—From the contents of my | city continues a still higher price will have to be | Tiystaq »” : «ht
Per line, for first insertion 10 f cae : Limited ;” and that the objects for which incor-
Per line, for each subsequent insertion to3mo’s. 05 last letter you will doubtless expect to hear that | demanded. Dealers have at last been convinced poration is sought are the acquisition of pine
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch) Aue lumber shipments at this port are now fairly | of the folly of selling by retail at wholesale pur- timber limits and Mads tii the esta aie

jalan AEB SHURA OcO Bence oR Mean : : , ; 3 :
Cards not oceupying more than 12 lines (1 inch) booming ; but, alas! for human hopes, this| chasing prices, and it would+ have been money | tario by purchase or otherwise ; the conducting

OTIS RAK ONL LAS teletatesetel eine] stelolsjeiniatalsfolelaialciotste/aiate 5 00
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines per annum 5 00
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo’s 3 00

Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements,

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
least three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Tokrr & Co,, Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LuMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

world of ours is full of disappointment, and in
this instance the fond expectations of the lum-
bermen has not been realized ; in fact, matters
are worse to-day than at any period of the sea-
son’s work, True, the gauge of the road has
been changed, and it seems difficult to find out
what is the exact trouble at present. Some
assert that the company have not engine power
sufficient to do the work required, but this the
company deny positively ; others affirm that it
is the want of rolling stock, a large quantity of
flats being still unchanged from the broad gauge
to the narrow. My impression is that the latter
is the main cause of the present delay, and much
ditficulty is said to have been experienced
through the heating of the boxes on cars that
have been lately changed to the present gauge.
So much trouble has this caused the company
that trains have frequently had to be divided,
and a portion left at some station a considerable
distance north of this city, and shippers are now
declaring that patience with them has ceased to
be a virtue. Inspectors working at different
points of the road have in many cases had to re-
turn home, one of whom I heard soberly declare
that he had travelled the entire length of the
road in search of empty flats, and failed to find
one on any part of the line. One thing is cer-
tain, unless the present state of things is soon
changed, this season’s business will be a losing
game. ‘The retailers are grumbling furiously
because shippers get a preference in their appli-
cation for cars, and there is no doubt but
that the railroad companies favor shippers at
the expense of those doing a local trade. So
much so has this been the case that many of the
yards are entirely out of desirable portions of
their usual stock, and this just at the time when
building is unusually brisk is certainly vexatious.
Let us hope, however, that another week or two
will so improve prospects, as to at least partially
remove the state of ill-feeling existing in the
minds of those having business relations with
the company. There is no doubt, as remarked
in my last letter, that the railroad company
made a serious blunder in changing the gauge of
the road just at the commencement of the busy
season, but they are now striving to remedy
their mistake as far as possible by using strong
efforts to get all the rolling stock changed as
quickly as circumstances will allow, so as to meet
the demands made upon them for cars as far as
lies in their power. Local dealers now shipping
over the Midland and G. T. R. to this place
find no difficulty in disposing of all the lumber
they bring in, and this will continue to be the
case while the dearth for empty flats continues
on the other road. There are several firms
doing a good carload trade on the local market,
noticeable among whom is the firm of J. & F.
N, Tennant, formerly of Barrie. They have
the reputation of being liberal buyers and close
sellers, and their success in consequence is doubt-
less assured, and being men who look sharply
after their business, they will deserve all the
success they may obtain. I will in future let-
ters mention the names of other enterprising
firms doing wholesale local and shipping trade.
In my last letter I promised to give you the
total quantity of walnut sold and worked up in
this city, and after considerable trouble in col-
lecting figures, I find that there is sold and con-

in their pockets had they consented to have
raised their prices earlier in the season, The
same quantity, or nearly so, would have been
disposed of, and some rémuneration for their
labor ; and I would again remind retailers that
just so long as they consent to remain in an
isolated position, without any recognized organi-
zation amongst themselves, just so long will this
haphazard mode of doing business continue, and
I venture to say, without fear of contradiction,
that there is no other class of dealers on the face
of the earth to-day who would so long allow this
state of affairs to continue.

of the business of lumberers and timber mer- —
chants, including the purchase, preparation, —
manufacture, trasport and sale of timber, lum-
ber, shingles, lath and pickets, broom handles,
matches, pulp, doors, sashes and blinds, pails!
tubs and wooden ware, furniture, agricultura,
implements, mouldings, boxes, railroad and other
cars, ties, cordwood, fence rails and posts, tele-
graph poles, staves and barrels, axe handles,
wagons, carts and lumber dryers ; the building
of vessels, ships and boats, docks and piers ; the
planing and dressing of lumber, and the erection
and purchase of mill privileges, water powers,
mills, saw mills, buildings, machinery, coves,
booms, booming grounds, utensils, hotses, cattle,
boats, vessels, and many other things. The
operations of the company are to be carried on
within the Province of Ontario, and the town of
Lindsay is to be the chief place of business.
The applicants and directors are Messrs. Dalton -
Ulyott, G. A. Cox, A. P. Poussette, Hon. T.N.
Gibbs, Jas. H, Beatty of Thorold, R. C. Smith,
Malcom McDougall of Parry Harbor, and J. A,
Barron of Lindsay.

It will be seen that car-building is one of the
lines of industry to which the company proposes
to have power to give its attention, and that
being the case, it may be well that the superior
advantages of Lindsay for such industry should
be brought before them. The committee on
manufactures might take some action in the
premises,

LATEST QUEBEC NEWS,
SHIPMENTS OF LUMBER —RECENT TRANSACTIONS,
PRICES CURRENT,—MINING NOTES.

From Our Own Correspondent.

QuEBEC, July 25.—So far as the shipment of
lumber goes, this is about the dullest period of
the summer. The early arrivals, generally
spoken of as the spring fleet, are mostly on their
return voyage, and the vessels now in port are
not, generally speaking, taking in very large
quantities of timber or deals, It is too early
yet to speak of the prospects for the fall fleet,
but no matter how large may be the sailing of
timber vessels for Quebec this fall, cargoes will
be found for all, providing present expectation’
are realized, and that the heavy transactions of
the past few weeks are repeated a few times
from now to the close of navigation.

The very large yield of deals from the mills of
Messrs. Baptist & Co., of Three Rivers, have
been lately purchased by Messrs. R. R. Dobell
& Co. of this city. The prices paid have not yet
transpired.

The most accurate idea that can be given of
the prices current of deals may be formed from
the figures paid in the latest transactions, the
principal of which are given elsewhere.

OAK,

Only two sales of oak worth reporting have
been recently made in this market. One dram
of Ohio oak, 76.feet average, has changed hands
at 49 cents, and it is understood to-day that an-
other sale has been made of 100,000 feet, though
the prices are not made public.

In the absence of sales to report, the following
market prices may be of interest :—American
pipe staves, fair specification, $320 per standard
mill ; West India white oak, $72 per standard
mill ; West India red oak, $64.

MINING NOTES.

Scarcely a week passes but the discovery of
new signs of mineral wealth in this Province
attracts the attention of scientific men and
mining experts. Only a few days since there
was found quite close to the line of the Lake St.
John R.R., about 15 miles from this city, beauti-
ful specimens of white plaster (sulphate of lime.)

Mining operations in the gold district of
Beauce have been materially interrupted of late
by want of water, occasioned by the late
drought. The streams are now well replenished,

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. AUGUST 1, 1881,

NOT ALL PROFIT.

THOSE not engaged directly in getting out
and manufacturing lumber are inclined to think
the lumbermen of Canada are having a big
time just now. But on the present occasion, as
on so many others, “‘ all 1s not gold that glist-
ens.” Were the enhanced prices now being
obtained, as compared with a few years ago, all
profit, they would indeed be having a good
time. But such is very far from being the
casea® If the selling price of lumber has advanc-
ed, the cost of getting it out and manufacturing
it has algo sensibly advanced, and, as a conse-
quence, the ‘‘ margin” between the two is much
less than many would supposex¢ Of course the
lucky men who carried over considerable stocks
from last year are doing well, but, upon the
logs taken out last winter, and now being
got to the mills and manufactured, every item
of expenditure has increased in quite as great,
if not greater ratio than the price of lumber.
This being the case, it will be obvious that any
set back in prices within the next twelve months
might prove disastrous to those who seem to be
on the high road to fortune. While we do not
think there is any immediate danger of such a
set back, a word of caution certainly can do no
harm—either to employer or employed. With
regard to those employed in the trade it may
not be out of place for us to remind those of
them, who see the Lumberman, that while they
are entitled to share in the existing ‘‘ boom,”
their employers have to encounter many slips
twixt the cup and the lip between the time the
tree is felled and got to market, and unless he
keeps a decent margain ahead of him, he is very
apt to come out at the small end of the horn by
the time the seasons operations are wound up.
During a period of high prices, like the present,
such a margain is particularly necessary,
Granting that the expenses in getting out the
stock now on hand is moderate as compared
with ruling prices, these prices cannot be
realized for months to come, and in a great
many cases until next year, so that the employer
has to consider, not so much the present value
of lumber, as what it may be twelve months
hence, and the higher the price now, the greater
the room for a fall before he can get his present
stock off his hands. Caution and moderation
should therefore be the motto of the employer
and employed.

LONGFORD MILLS.
From Our’ Own Correspondent.

Business at this point is at present booming.
The logs of the Longford Lumber Company ©
have all arrived safely in Lake St. John at the —
mills, The Dominion Bank logs reported stuck
will be very near all got out of Black River.
The two mills are running to their full capacity _
cutting up to the average of other years. Some
difficulty was experienced for some time past in
getting lumber forward to Toronto, owing to —
the scarcity of rolling stock on the Northern
Railway during the time of the change of gauge.
At present a full train a day leaves the yards —
loaded with lumber for Albany and other points.
One hundred and twenty men are employed at
the mills and yards, and up to the present no ~
difficulty has been experienced in getting what
men were necessary to keep this large staff re-
plenished, owing largely to the cordial good feel-
ing existing always there between play
employees,

The burners erected here by Mr. Wm. Hamil-
‘ton, of Peterboro, are an immense success, de- —
vouring the entire refuse of both mills like chaff
and with perfect safety from fire. Sales of lum-
ber are going on satisfactorily. Prices have
advanced steadily. The large quantity of cul
lumber held here was disposed of —_—
an American firm at fair prices.

ber Company held recently a resolution of con.
dolence with the families of the late Mr. John
Thomson and Mr. T,W. Buck were unanimou
passed, owing to the death of these two pre
nent gentlemen of the Board of Directors.

The circulation of the CaNaDa Lume :
over 2,000 copies, Advertisers should note this |

however, by late rains.

Messrs. R. & G, STRICKLAND are now ship
ping over the Midland and Grand Junction Rail-
ways, from Lakefield to Belleville, a raft of
150,000 feet of timber, which is said to be the
finest ever sent from these parts,

eS

OTTAWA.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Orrawa, July 25.—The lumber market is firm,
sales being steady. Business this year has been
somewhat better than last. During the quarter
ending June 30th the value of lumber and
shingles exported to the States from this section
was $587,514.75, as against $509,863,05 for the
same three months of 1880. The shipments for
the March quarter amounted to $31,430.47,
making a total value of $618,945.22 for the half-
year. Shipments of this season’s cut of lumber
have begun to be made.

QUOTATIONS.
There is virtually no change in prices, during
the past twoweeks. Ten-inch stocks are quoted
at from $12 to $14 per thousand ; 12-inch stocks
at from $16 to $19; sidings at from $20 to $30
per M.; shipping culls at $10 and $11 a thousand.
Last sell at from 85 to 90 cents a thousand by
the barge load, and 90 cents to $1 in smaller
- quantities. ‘
: SQUARE TIMBER.

So far this season 50 rafts, averaging 90 cribs
each, have passed through the Chaudiere slides
atthis point. There are about twenty or twenty-
five rafts yet to comedown. It is expected that
not more than half of these will be got through,
owing to the lowness of the water in the Ottawa,
which is now slightly more than three feet
lower than it was at this time last year. A jam
of saw-logs at Roche Captaine kept back several
rafts a few days. McLachlin Bros., Octave
Lalour, David Moore, and Allan Grant are
among those having rafts in difficult places.
The timber got out by the Scotch-Canadian Co.
is being brought down by rail—twelve hundred
carloads, through from Mackey’s station to Que-
bec, over the the Canada Central and Occidental
Railways, 475 miles, at a cost, it is said, of five
cents per foot. The quantity of square timber
taken out last winter was about ten million

feet. ;
THE DRIVES.

The drive on the Upper Ottawa is progressing
favorably, but it will be late in the season before
the logs will all be got down.

The final sweep on the Gatineau River is being
made, under the superintendence of ex-Ald.
Bingham, who has the contract. The following
quantities of logs have already been brought
down this season :—

Gilmour & Co., Ottawa Mills...........108,000
= “Chelsea Mills .......... 112,000

G. B. Hall & Co..... Mislageieistore eM plecava 165,000
W:. C. Edwards... J. >....3 Geeenarse c 41,000

- Hamilton Bros....... gal DipiWsi= sic oi de dhe.otre 33,500
James MacLaren & Co.............+45- 14,000
John Roach) . dap suadees nos ook oa es 8,300

In addition to the above 5,000 pieces of square
and flatted timber were brought down for Mac-
Laren & Co., and 48,000 railroad ties for Hebron
Harris. The quantity of logs yet to come down
the Gatineau is about 150,000, so that the total
number of logs taken out on the river named
this season will reach nearly 632,000.

EDGINGS.

Méssrs. Perley & Pattee have arranged for the
lighting of their mill by electricity.

Capt. Young has been unfortunate this year,
having to shut down on an average a couple of
days a week for want of logs, which have been
delayed in coming down.

Considerable quantities of lumber is being
shipped by rail—St. L. & O. Railway—to
Ogdensburg.

A number of Canadian barges are laid up for
the present, for lack of freight, shipping being a
little dull just now.

McLachlin Bros.’ new steam mill at Arnprior
will be 15660, with a 32x40 wing, and a
447%) boiler house. The engine will be of 500
horse-power.

Rates of lumber freights are as follows :—To
Montreal, $1.10@$1.25 ; to Quebec, Burlington
and Whitehall, $2 per M.; to Albany, $3, and
to New York, $3.25. The rate to Whitelrall
was $2.25 4 week ago, but it dropped a quarter.

Zorussa-A healthy man never thinks of his
The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion ia 4 constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
A Zopew, trom Brazil, the new and remarkable
for clensing and toning the system, for
the estive ratus and the Liver to
oe yon Aesop gan Pag
; cent Lopes, new rem of
druggist. A few doves will surprise you.”

fore the end of the season.

. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

ST. JOHN, N.B.
From Our Own Correspondent.

D#Ats AND Suips.—Our port continues to be
well supplied with tonnage, and the shipments
have been large, in consequence of which our
stock of deals, not in the hands of shippers, is
very small indeed. Country sawn deals, though
coming in rather freely, are absorbed as fast as

they arrive ; they are selling at about $8.50 per |

thousand, Sup. feet. The small stock of deals
of city manufacture are held for considerable
higher prices, which are likely to be realized be-

Freicuts.—As a natural consequence of what
is stated above, the freight market continues
greatly depressed, The Hildyard, 1,200 tons,
was chartered for Liverpool last week at 51/3,
which, considering the lateness of the season,
may be reasonably considered as about the low-
est point. It is not very probable that rates
will be lower this season.

VESSELS IN Port.—The following is a list of
the square-rigged vessels in port, with their
tonnage and destination :—

' William, 198, Marseilles.

Nylghan, 1254, Liverpool.

L. H. D’Veber, 615, Londonderry.

John Murphy, 1479, Liverpool.

Loining, 847, St. Nazaire.

Moss Glenn, 893, Dublin.

Varbierg, 401, United Kingdom.
' Astracana, 1193, Liverpool,

Arklow, 748, —;

Wacissa, 809, Liverpool.

Fidelia, 450, W. C. England,

Nellie Moody, 746, ——

Navigator, 530, Marseilles.

Chas. B. Kenny, 1128, Adelaide, orders.

Jennie Parker, 998, Gibralter, orders.

Paramatta, 925, Dublin.

Solid, 493, Plymouth.

Gem, 281, Cork Quay.

Emily Raymond, 290, Wexford.

Regina, 1212, ——

China, 420, United Kingdom.

St. Olaves, 571, ——

Eos, 390, Bordeax.

Still Water, 1090, Newport.

Priscilla, 766, Melbourne.

Matilda, 675, Marseilles.

Colorado, 682, Dublin.

Finn, 425, France.

John Rutherford, 983, Dublin.

Stilla, 445, —

Emily Lowther, 762, —-

Henry, 1095, Liverpool.

Hildyard, 1200, Liverpool.

Edna M. Gregory, 386, ——

Golden Sea, 1418, London,

Susan L. Campbell, 727, ——

Hattie M., 597, Dublin.

Alfred, 349, ——

Rolf, 922, ——

Torryburn, 448, discharging.

B. F. Nash, 412, ——

SHrPMENTS.—The shipments of deals and other
sawn lumber are as follows :—

OP PEMUPOPECs sje osa.n'=-/-\-)a\s1010 25,587,000 Sup. feet.
“ United States........ 4,598,090 ‘ se
SS NWESUVINIGIES Sc s- 0. Lon,000: °F* ss
* Canary Islands...... 209,000 ‘* so
St. John, N.B., July 19, 1881.

Those who write for fame, for honor or em-
olument, cannot do better than use pens made
by the Esterbrook Steel Pen Company.
Samples furnished on application by addressing
their office, 26 John Street, New York.

THOUSANDS OF CHILDREN are lost annually from
cholera infantum, diarrhea, and the summer com-
plaints, whose lives might be preserved by using
Extract of Wild Strawberry. Physicians recommend
and use it constantly. It is a remedy well known, and
more highly valued the longer known. It is for sale
at all drug stores, and is within the reach of every one.
See advertisement in another column.

SIMONDS

SAWS

Are Superior to .
all others.

More Work.
Better Work.
Less Power.
Unformity in
Temper. ’

R. H. SMITH & Co., St. Catherines, Ont.,
Sole Manufacturers for the Dominion of Canada,
Send tor Price List.

Our Hand Saws are like our Diamond and Hanlan
Cross-Cut Saws, w43

UN ESXCHULULEHD.

(ESTABLISHED 1856.)

Se Caan eevee.

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOPOZDICAL
INSTRUMENTS. ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. L19-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.

WANTED.

CHERRY, WHITE ASH,

AND

WALNUT LUMBER.

Quote Price delivered, and Carefully
Describe :—Quality, Widths, Length,
Thickness, and how long Sawed.

ROBERT C. LOWRY,

Wholesale Lumber,

12119 55 Pine Street, New York.

Daily Line to Rochester.

—————1

THE STEAMER “NORSEMAN.”

(R. CRAWFORD, MASTER.)

Will make her regular trips on this route commencing
on Wednesday, the 20th of April, 1881, leaving Cobourg
every morning at 7.30 and Port Hope at 9 o’clock, on
arrival of Grand Trunk Railway trains from the East
and West, connecting at Rochester with the New York
Central, Northern Central, and Erie Railways. and the
Lake Ontario Division of the Rome, Watertown and
Ogdensburg Railway for all points east, west and south.

RETURNING,—Will leave Charlotte (Port of Roches-
ter) daily at 9 o’clock p.m., except Saturdays, when
she will leave at 3 p.m. for Port Hope direct.

Dealers in stock will find this the cheapest and
most expeditious route to Oswego, Boston, Albany,
New York. etc., etc. For further information apply to

R. CRAWFORD,

or C. F. GILDERSLEEVE. Port Hope.
Kingston. wl7

GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.

EPPS S COCOA

BREAKFAST.

“By a thorough knowledge of the natural laws
which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition,
and by a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
fast tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the
judicious use of such articles of diet that a constitution
may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
every tendency to disease, Hundreds of subtle mala-
dies are floating around us ready to attack wherever
there is a weak point. We may escape many a fatal
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service
Gazette.

Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold in
packets and tins only (4-lb. and Ib.) labelled

JAMES EPPS & C0., Homeopathic Chemists,
London, England. L19-ly

HOP,BITTERS.

“> SE BIT
“(A Medicine, not a Drink;,)
’ CONTAINS”

HOPS, BUCHU, MANDRAKE, ¢
. DANDELION. .

AND THE PUREST AND BEst MEDICAL QUALI-
TIES OF ALL OTHER BITTERS. —

THEY CURE ”*

All Diseases of the Stomach, Bowels, Blood,
S Liver, Kidneys, and Urinary Organs, Ner-
ousness, Sleeplessnessand especially
‘emale Complaints.

$.000 IN COLD.

Will be paid for a case they will not cure or
help, or for anything impure or injurious
found in them,

Ask your druggist for Hop Bitters and try
cuens before you sleep. Take no Other.{

A

ray)
ae

D.I. C. is an absolute and irresistible cure for
Drunkeness, use Of opium, tobacco and
narcotics.

SzND FoR CIRCULAR.

All above sold by tin eee
Hop Bitters Mfg. Co., Rochester, N. Y.,& Toronto, Ont.

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY, SALE BY TENDER.

7

OF EXTENSIVE STEAM

Saw-Milling Property

Parry Harbour, Georgian Bay, and
Valuable Timber Limits in the
Parry Sound District.

The SAW-MILL is complete in its appointment, and
has a cutting capacity of 90,000 to 100,000 feet per day
of twelve hours.

The LIMITS cover an area of 229 square miles in the
Townships of Monteith, Humphrey, ¢ tie, Ferguson,
Hagerman, McKellar, Spence aga, besides

ag pha

the purchased rights to cut the timber from numerous
lots in the same Townships, and contain a large quan-
tity of standing pine.

The whole establishment is in complete condition and
active operation, and is excellently situated for the man-
ufacture, sale and shipment of timber

Tenders for the whole property, including plant, will
be received until the 20th August next, addressed to the
General Manager, Ontario Bank, Toronte, by whom
terms of payment and any further information will be
furnished on application. No tender will be accepted
unless satisfactory to the vendors. 417

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,

ShippingeGeneral Agents

PORT HOPE.

Kg

A

will save money by going direct
or sending to F. CRUMPTON, 83
King St. East, Toronto, for their
Watches and Jewellery, or Silver-
ware and Clocks, ete. If you can-
not come yourselves send your
orders and I will guarantee just
as good satisfaction as by a per-
sonal selection. Goods guaranteed
exactly as represented or your
money refunded. Watch and Jew-
ellery repairing and manufactur-
ing by competent workmen at
Reasonable Prices. We make a
specialty of HEAVY CASED
WATCHES suitable for Lum-
bermen.

. 42 Prices cheerfully furnished
- On application.

“Ok

f
v PE
naa"

Remember the address,

\

"ONT F.CRUMPTON

83 King St. East,

TORONTO.

8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. | ae

thoroughly posted on the subject, he said :
“Yes, lumber is much cheaper now than ten |
years since. The white pine was worth $75 per

Again, in stn cacaylalidve Wiccan ofA
on hand in the Chicago market on June 1,
figures are as follows :

‘their camp fires are properly extinguished. A
sudden breeze, a spark falls on a dead leaf, and,
behold, a conflagration. In several instances

THE GROWTH AND DECLINE OF LUMBER

ECONOMICALLY AND COMMERCIALLY CONSIDERED
—THE TRADE AS IT IS TO-DAY,

We find the following in the Brooklyn Eagle : | fires have been known to originate from a pass- | 1,000; to-day it is quoted at $55. Pitch pine, Lumber and

Four years ago the then Secretary of the In- ing locomotive, the smokestack of which has not | ten years ago, was $45 ; now it is worth $32.50. 1875..... Mss Timber.
terior reported that from all the information he| been provided with a safeguard. But very few | Hard woods, with the exception of black walnut, | 1876... ........ 26,
could obtain there was not enough timber in the | cases have been reported of extensive forest fires | are also cheaper. Ash is now worth $50 per ee steer neg

1,000 ; ten years ago it was $75. It is the same
with oak. Spruce then realized from $25 to $30.
To-day I can buy it for from $17 to $20.”

“How about black walnut ?”

“Black walnut is the same price to-day as it
was ten years ago $120 per 1,000, jobbing price).
But four years since the price of black walnut
that now sells at $120 was $90. The reason is
that we can see the end of it. It isnow brought
from the Missouri River to Indiana to be sawn
up. Ten years ago it was growing at Indiana’s
own door.”

‘But how do you account for the cheapness
in other woods, especially pine ?”

“Over production. And yet the building
trade was never more brisk and exports were
seldom so large as now. But you must remem-
ber that the over production of lumber is the
natural outcome of good times, and growers will
soon see the mistake they are making by not
saving their timber till they can get more for
it.”

‘* What will take the place of back walnut ?””

‘* Mahogany from Mexico, which sells at from
sixteen to twenty cents a foot.” +

** Does the export of square timber continue
as large as formerly ?”

‘* Well, I am scarcely prepared i) say, but I
should think not, because we are now manufac-
turing a class of goods that formerly were made
from the log.”

** What class may I ask ?”

‘*We are sending, for instance, house trim-
mings to Scotland, as mouldings, sashes, etc.
There is quite a trade springing up in portable
houses in Chicago that are shipped to the West
Indies and Australia. Formerly these were
made in Norway and Bavaria, right near the
forests. But America is getting ahead of those
places.” .

** Does the introduction of iron in buildings
affect the timber interest ?”

‘*Not much, as yet. I do not know but that
it may eventually. In some large buildings that
are going up iron beams, and even iron laths, are
being extensively used, though whether they
will stand the test of oxidation remains to be
seen. These are used mostly in fire-proof build-
ings. The beams cost fifty cents more than
wood beams.”

“What is your impression about the scarcity
of the lumber supply, taken as a whole?”

“The difference in the prices I have quoted
does not carry out the supposition that the capa-
city of our forests is seriously declining, but
there is no doubt much waste in the cutting of
trees. But that waste is being rectified by new
industries springing up by which much that was
formerly thrown away is now utilized into
mouldings, small panels, ete. If I were a pro-
prietor of a pine forest I should decidedly keep
my timber ‘standing until it paid me to cut it.
But Iam not, being interested in buying all I
can as cheaply as possible. You see it makes all
the difference in the world how a man is situ-
ated. My impression is that at the present rate
of consumption the people will only realize the
full value of their timber when it is nearly all
gone. But that is their business. My business
is to sell.”

Upon inquiry at the offices of a large sash
manufacturer on Barelay street, who does an
extensive export business, one of the partners
said :

‘We are shipping sashes and mouldings to

London, and the trade is growing every year.
In time it may turn out quite a large industry,
as itis only of late years that the British have
‘taken to buying such goods of American manu-
facture.”
The over production theory certainly appears
‘to be borne out in the following figures taken
from the Lumberman’s Gazette, for the week end-
ing June 25, when the total shipments of lum-
ber, lath and shingles from the Saginaw, with
comparisons, were as follows :

where engines have been furnished with this
necessary article. Thus we see the results of
waste and carelessness. Itis a singular fact that
very few fires are caused by lightning, which is
almost invariably accompanied by heavy rain
storms. Mr. Stewart Thayne, an English jour-
nalist, who has given the subject much atten-
tion, said in his evidence before.the Select Stand-
ing Committee of the Canadian House of
Commons, in April, 1878 (see report, p. 123) :—
“‘T have never been able to trace fires to light-
ning. I have been able to trace them, however,
to almost every other cause.” At a meeting of
the Liverpool Board of Trade last fall the same
gentleman remarked that it was within the
bounds of moderation to say that within the past
ten years the supp'y of timber that had been
recklessly and unnecessarily cut down would, at
the average rate of legitimate consumption, have
lasted one hundred years,
THE REMEDY.

The remedy is simple enough and suggestive.
In Europe every forest of any extent has its
regular staff of officers and rangers, whose special
duty it is to watch over its safety. Open spaces
and broad belts of cleared lamd are kept up on
purpose to keep fire from spreading. The ground
is not incumbered with such a quantity of debris
as is usual in the United States and Canada.
There the people employed in the forests are in-
terested in their preservation, and stringent
official regulations control all others,

THE CLIMATE.

The subject of forest depletion is not alone im-
portant in its relation to the waste and consump-
tion of timber. In its climate aspect it has great
significance. The reports issued by the United
States Government prove that a most notable
change has taken place in the climate of the New
England States, in New York State, New Jer-
sey, and also in the ‘Southern States.

In this State, where the error of a total clear-
ing away was first observed, the replanting of
forest trees has been attended with very good
results. In these sections the rainfall has large-
ly increased, and the rainfall is more evenly dis-
tributed throughout the season than in districts
alinost completely denuded of timber. On the
prairies of Kansas and Nebraska, where a good
natural growth of wood is lacking, the results
obtained from the planting of forest trees are
even more strikingly illustrated. The planted
forest serves as a good wind break, and the influ-
ence of the wood’s growth is seen in lessened
periods of drouth and an increase in crops.
What is needed, however, is accurate informa-
tion about the branches of trees adapted to par-
ticular soils, and to provide this the Government
has set apart an appropriation, and placed in
charge of the work Mr, Charles Sargent, pro-
fessor of aboriculture in Harvard College. In
San Francisco the cultivation of the almond tree
has been attended with great success, as also
that of the eucalyptus, or blue gum tree, indi-
genous to Australia, and admirably adapted for
firewood. In the vicinity of San Josef there
were planted last year 350 acres in almond trees,
and the growers claim that it is the best paying’
industry in that part of the conntry—the profits
being larger than are obtained from anyother
enterprise. In Massachusetts the Legislature
has given large tracts for forest culture, in:ad-
dition to liberal bonuses for thé best variety of
trees grown within a certain period. This part
of the subject is especially interesting, but suf-
ficient has been said to show that the-public
attention is being aroused to thd ‘absolute im-
portance of remedying a condition of : affairs
which is becoming more serious every year. To
ameliorate a climate presenting violent contrasts
of temperature, there is only one ‘method—that
of planting wherever the nature of the soil will
permit, and’ forming settlements under the
shelter of these plantations.

THE LUMBER TRADE TO-DAY.
It was stated at the outset of ‘this paper that.

In the one case it will be noted that while
sales from the Saginaw were much less on the
date specified this year than in 1880, the ae
mulations of stock on the Chicago market «
June 1 have been increasing until the present
season. The reason of the sudden decline ii
1881 is owing not to the fact that the over pro-
duction has been sensibly reduced, but that
prices have fallen so low that dealers can no
longer afford to hold their stuff. Were itoth
wise, it would be found that the shipments fre
the Saginaw would have increased in 1881, in-
stead of being reduced. The same remark
applies to other lumber centers. F. J. H.

whole of the States to last thirty years. In 1878
atimber journal estimated the supply to last
twenty years. Yet, notwithstanding these as-
sertions, doubtless based upon accurate figures,
merchantable lumber to-day is cheaper than it
was ten years ago. Proof of this fact will be
given further on, How to reconcile this appar-
ent discrepancy is one of the purposes of this
article. Statistics, as a rule, are not interesting
to the general reader, and they will be avoided
as much as possible, except were absolutely re-
quired for necessary illustration. The primary
causes of the depletion of our forests (apart from
the necessary clearing for homesteads and corn
fields) are waste and carelessness. On taking
up a farm the first thought and act of the farmer
was to cut down every tree growing on it ; and
he never seemed quite happy until the last one
had fallen. His governing idea was doubtless
to make every square inch of his land produc-
tive. The result of late years has shown him
how great was his mistake. With the clearing
away of the timber he has pretty well cleared
away the climate also, and he has succeeded in
reducing the number of rainy days to the detri-
ment of his crops. Possibly some one will reply
“‘ but ourgrain productsof late years have largely
increased. How do you account for that?”
True. ‘This, however, is due to increased emi-
gration and increased acreage in virgin soil, but
it does not apply to the older settled States, as
New York, Massachusetts, Indiana, and many
others. The trouble has been that the boundless
forests of the North-west promised to endure
forever, and their seemed no incentive to any
care of the original growth of timber. The fine
old forests of the South have been more shame-
fully ill-used than those of the North. The
negro has so little regard for trees that he never
fails to cut down the young saplings, because
they yield firewood with less trouble than other
trees.

To appreciate more fully the rapid exhaustion
that is now going on, it should be stated that it
was quite usual, thirteen years ago, for a square
timber to average in length from seventy to
seventy-five cubic feet per log, whereas, at the
present day, the average of the season’s log crop
does not average beyond fifty-five cubic feet—an
average decrease of say seventeen feet in thirty
years. Against this place the fact it requires
something near 150 years for a pine tree to attain
maturity, and a fair idea will be formed of the
seriousness of the situation,

The initial causes of this rapid decline, it has
been stated, are waste and carelessness. With
regard to the waste, how does it arise? Take
pine and hemlock as illustrations. In cutting
out a square stick of pine lumber, twenty-five
per cent. isloss. A long train of dry chips marks
the route from the spot where the tree is felled
to the place of transportation on the wagon on
the vough road. These trains, for they are
almost as inflammable as gunpowder, easily
catch fire, and when once started thousands of
acres are in danger of destruction. Again, only
one pine tree in every five cut down is sound,
for mercantile purposes. Consequently, four are
left to rot in the woods, and thus increase the
danger. Instead of utilizing the healthy parts
of the stick, by sawing it up, thousands of dol-
lars literally rot in the ground, annually,
through this want of foresight. But would it
pay to transport these unsound trees to a saw
mill? Undoubtedly it would, for while the neg-
lected stick may be quite useless as square tim-
ber, it would be useful for mouldings, laths and
various other purposes for which pine is used.
In the future, when pine becomes much scarcer
than it is now, the collection of felled trees that
have hitherto been supposed to be useless, will
become a very valuable business. The same re-
marks also apply to hemlock. Thousands of
these trees are stripped of their bark, year by
year, and are left to share the same fate as the
pine.

Tree Cisterns. ,
Tt has long been known, through the repo 2
of travellers, that in certain arid districts «
Africa water is often found, even in the driest
seasons, in hollow trunks of the great baobab
tree (Adonsonia), and it was supposed that the
provision of water was, so to say, natural ; but
it appears from the investigations of offices at-—
tached to surveying parties sent out by the ~
Egyptian Government, that these reservoirs are
neither formed nor filled by the accidents of —
nature. ‘They are in reality prepared and filled —
by the inhabitants of the country, who carefully
remove the decaped and spongy fibers from the
interior of the trunk and laboriously transfer
water to the cisterns thus made, bucketful by
bucketful, from neighboring pools in which it
collects in the rainy season. ‘The importance of
these reservoirs is illustrated by the fact that —
trunks containing 15,000 gallons of water are not —
uncommon in Kordofan, and that individual
trunks have been measured which might store
33,000 gallons. The officers of the survey urge
that it would be well for the Egyptian Govern-
ment to organize.a service for the protection and
maintenance of these trees on the post roads and
telegraph lines, so that couriers, linesmen, in-
spectors, ete., might always find a store of water.
They cite one particular post-route, where in —
times past the people of thé country had care-
fully filled the Adansonia tree during the
son of rains, and thus ensured water during
dry seasons for much travel. But when troops
were moved in that direction, the inhabitants
took alarm, abandoned the vicinity, and neglect-
ed to fill the trees, so that the road became as
good as impassable.

The Sand Blast.

Among the wonderful and useful inventions
of the times.is the common sand blast. Suppose —
you desire a piece of marble fora gravestone;
you cover the stone with a sheet of wax no
thicker than a wafer, then you cut in the wax
thename, date, etc., leaving the marble exposed.
Now pass it under the blast and the sand will
cut it away. . Remove the wax and you have the
raised letters. Taking a piece of French plate-
glass, say two by six feet, cover it with fine lace
and pass it under the blast, and notathreadof
the lace will be injured, but the sand will cut
deep into the glass wherever it is not covered by —
the lace. - Now remove the lace and you have
a delicate and beautiful figure raised upon the .
glass. In this way beautiful figures of all kinds
are cut in glass and at a small expense. The
workmen can hold their hands under the blast —
without harm, even when it is rapidly cutting —
away the hardest glass, iron or stone, but they
must look out for finger nails, for they will be _
whittled off right hastily. If they put on steel
thimbles to protect the nails, it will do little
good, for the sand will soon whittle them away, —
but if they wrap a piece of soft cotton around —
them they are safe. You will at once see t =}
philosophy of it. The sand whittles away
destroys any hard substance—even glasses—but
does not effect substances that are soft and yield-
ing, like wax, cotton, or fine lace, or even t
human hand. —

TRAVELLERS AND Tourists should al a) : -
with Dr, Fowler’s Extract of Wild Straw

As to carelessness: Forest fires mainly pro-| merchantable timber is cheaper now than it was 1880. 1881. poem ois in the world for curing suffering brought
ceed from the want of precautions on the part of | ten years ago. In an interview with a well. Shingles. vvewcvseesusce $8000 7g1gss, 000 | water, wiukes Gear rater 8 a eae oe
lumbermen and hunters, who fail to see that! known lumber merchant of New York, who is 'Lath.......... ss +sseeeee + 12,969,650 3,746,000 rear ie Guataaa

——— ease

- OUR QUEBEC LETTER.
RENEWED ACTIVITY IN WHITE PINE—IMPORTANT
TRANSACTIONS—RULING PRICES—CONTINUED
STAGNATION IN HARDWOODS—MINING. i

A period of almost unprecedented inactivity
in the Quebee market, lasting over several
months, has been broken, so far as white pine is
concerned, by several important transactions
within the past two weeks, which are worthy of
special notice for two distinct reasons: the size
of the sales and the prices obtained. Last week
a large lot of lumber in the Bridgewater cove
changed hands at an advance of a half cent per
foot over the price agreed upon last year for
another lot of the same quality lying right along-
side of it.

Amongst the most noteworthy of recent sales
are the following : 370,000 feet of Mr. McLaren’s
white pine, 60 feet average, 16 inches, has been
sold at 25 cents, measured off.

Another lot of square, white pine, 534 feet
average, and containing 150,000 feet, has changed
hands at 234 to 24 cents. :

Messrs. Sharples & Co. have recently pur-
chased, through a broker from Jonathan Fran-

cis, 300,000 feet of square, white pine, 50 feet
- average, for 23 cents.

One of the cheapest lots sold this season was
50,000 feet waney white pine, small average,
purchased by Messrs. R. R. Dobell & Co., at
the following figures: 18 inches, 224 cents; 184
inches, 234 cents; 19 inches, 244 cents. This
sale cannot be considered an indication of ruling
prices. At present writing, holders are firm
at the figures given for the previously mentioned
transactions, and even higher prices may, inthe
opinion of some old dealers, be-looked for. The
prospects of a temporary settlement of Irish
affairs appears to have given rise to increased
confidence in the home market, which, thanks
to the Atlantic cables, has found its almost in-
stantaneous echo here.

HARD WOOD.

The stagnation in hard wood continues. Buy-
ers seem to have formed a strong combination
for the purpose of bringing down prices. Manu-
facturers and their Quebec agents, especially in
oak, are holding purchasers to last year’s bar-
gains. There are no prospects of an immediate
decline either in oak or ‘staves. Holders can
afford to wait. The Banks are not pressing for
their money, having no particular demands for
it, while their collateral is as good as gold, and
cannot be again produced for its prgsent cost.

{ MINING MATTERS.

There is undoubtedly a boom just now in gold
mining matters in the now famous mines of
Beauce. With the opening of this summer’s
season comes the news of the development of
more mines, and the erection of many more ex-
_ tensive works for the mining, crushing and wash-
ing of the earth and quartz containing the
precious metal. Mr. Ainsworth, agent of the
Clarence Mining Company, has just erected
immense works for the washing of the gold.
The water is furnished from the Labranche
River by an artificial canal 780 feet long. The
quartz mill has been in operation since April
last, and during the last three months has given
every satisfaction. This company’s works are
upon what is known as lot 13, Gilbert River.
Lot 14 is worked by Mr. Smart for the Beauce
Mining and Milling Co., which has lately ac-
quired a new engine for the quartz mills, and is
engaged in opening up new pits. Mr. McRea
is opening new pits this season on lot 15, which
in 1867 yielded gold to the value of $17,000.
Capt. Richards has commenced operations on
lot 16, and on the “‘ Branche,” a new company
at work, composed of Messrs. DeLery, Rodrigue,
Chapman, and others.

The most important operators, however, in
this district, both as regards the number of its
employees andthe extent of its works, are the
Canada Gold Mining Co. (limited), represented
here by ite chairman, Mr. Gordon, of London,
and by Mr. Walter Moodie, manager. The
scene of ite operation is upon lots No, 12 and 13,
The works of this company are immense, More
than one bundred men are now employed by it
im the shafte, puddling machines and quartz
mills. Upwards of eighty tons of earth and
gravel are pulverized daily.

The Titanic Iron Works at Baie St. Paul will
probably ore long be re-opened, A deposit of

THE CANADA

native silver, said to have been worked in a
primitive manner under the French regime, has
been discovered near the same place, partly by
the aid of old records in the Crown Lands De-
partment here. {The fortunate holder has invited
members of the Geological Survey to visit the
site, and the readers of the LumBERMAN shall be
kept posted as to the result of their investiga-
tion. STADACONA,

LUBRICANTS.

'The Scientific American says, in answer to a
number of correspondents, we publish the fol-
lowing :—

'The desirable features of a good lubricant or
unguent may be briefly stated thus : It should,
first of all, reduce friction to a mixumin, should
be perfectly neutral, and of uniform composi-
tion. It should not become gummy or other-
wise altered by exposure to the air, should
stand a high temperature without loss or de-
composition, and a low temperature without
soldifying or depositing solid matters. The
question of cost and adaptability to the require-
ments of light or heavy bearings are also im-
portant considerations.

The finest lubricating oils in the market—
those used for watch, clock, and similar delicate
mechanism—are chiefly prepared from sperm

j oil by digesting it in trays, which clean lead

shavings for a week or more. Solid stearate of
lead is formed, and remains adhering to the
metal, while the oil becomes more fluid and less
liable to change or thicken on chilling.

Sperm oil is used for lubricating sewing mach-
ines and other light machinery, Some of the
oils sold for that purpose contain cotton seed cil
and kerosene, and others are composed largely
of mineral, sperm, or signal oil—a heavy, puri-
fied distillate of petroleum.

Good heavy lubricating oil is made from heavy
parafiine oil (a distillate of petroleum).
to ‘*cracking ” (decomposition of the vapors of
the heavy distillate into lighter products), which
takes place in the still, the crude oil contains a
large per cent. of light offensive oils, too thin
for lubricating purposes. In Merrill’s process
these are seperated by blowing superheated
steam through the oils, heated just short of its
boiling point in the still, the lighter oils being
driven off, a neutral, nearly odorless, heavy oil,
gravity 29° B. to 26° B., and boiling at about
575° Fahr., remaining. When mixed with good
lard oil it makes an excellent and cheap lubri-
cant.

Common heavy shop and engine oils are com-
monly variable mixtures of heavy petroleum or
paraffine oils, lard oil, whale or fish, palm, cot-
ton seed and resin oils. There are nearly as
many of these composite oils in the market as
there are dealers in such supplies. The follow-
ing is one of them.

CLrORONIN <2 vie inseivruteae 30 per cent,
Paraffine oil (crude)....... One Oe
Pall Os 5. ss rap enierisateAe- 20 os
BPA RO Lope aces kay evares oben <1001n 9 i
Cotton seed oil........... 20 patie

Solid or semi-solid unguents, such as mill and
axle grease, etc., are prepared from a variety of
substances,

PORT HOPE,

The following is a statement of lumber, etc.,
shipped from Port Hope for the periods named,
as obtained from the books of the Harbour
Master, viz.:— :

LUMBER,
LEAL cpicisiols Distta ots Aa iesiale aw et sa Slele, oie 3,697,276 feet.
WG $195.5). 8a sn. a viele Shae avandae RES 8,518,175“
UNG, 5 Hdd 0 ois. ni’ oimowpwto pio’ « Netiaciny Fa 42,552,340 ‘*
July, (to 11th inclusive).............. 4,414,015 ‘*
DID AN ote ste sete teehee icine Sales 2 Td 29,181,896 ‘
SHINGLES,
Apfil.ccccccecce o SABE o,etw didiotbie brew 6 bs Ueldiel wrelealen © a
May ......s00- ciiviaio'n atgible) © eis iainle bial ary ee 10,250,000
DUNE) vcseceessccccveesece 0 Poe vemeneerieice 5,654,250
July, (to 16th included),............00005- 1,856,500
WORN, i/o epics lodscesdplocs solep badge os 17,760,750
POSTS, ETO.
April..... ohba.5ies c.paid sea ap mwlgisictay ais\aunivicie 80 cords.
Bayo... ccc mcscene Piece da singgae sos sist rides Byer pee
DUMB Ys osio'ee'cle'e's s/o vows Soveiee seeee LOD are
Total... cescccees couns pis sie b.cislyiciy. 883.“
a

THEY ALL DO 1T.—Everybody uses “TBABERRY” for
the teeth and breath, the newest, brightest, cosiest
little toilet gem extant. Try a 6 cent sample,

Owing:

LUMBERMAN.

J. K. POST & CoO.
LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.
OSWHEGO, N. ¥,

12-ly

Flexible Board Rules,

“With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, 116

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

£27 P.8.—Also on hand 120 M dry Oak 2 to4 inches
thick, will be sokd cheap to close it out. ly116

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.
b26

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

P. FREYSENG & CO.

PROPRIETORS OF THE

Dominion Cork Cutting Co

BY IMPROVED MACHINERY.

fa All kinds of Corks in stock®and Cut to
Order. Corks & Life Preservers a Specialty.
Corkwood, Tinfoil, Capsules, Wire, &c.

71 Jarvis Street, TORONTO.

A. L, UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT.

lyLi6

J.G. HDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT,

IItIINDSAY.

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
ly CHAINS, ROPE, and

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.

6116

L17

SAMUEL WINDRIM,

MANUFACTURER OF

Agricultural Implements, Etc

MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF
AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
of intending purchasers of Reaping Machines, that I
have now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. L17tf

Penetanguishene Foundry

MACHINE SHOP
CRAIG & CAMERON, Proprietors.

The undersigned beg to announce to the public that
they .are prepared to make all kinds of Mill and
Steamboat Brass and Iron Castings.

All kinds of PLOW CASTINGS kept on hand. Plow
Points and Landsides a specialty.

We have first-class machinery and are prepared to do
all kinds of TURNING or PLANING on short notice.

We hope by strict attention to business and moderate
charges, to merit a share of the public patronage.

4zz All work guaranteed, ,

Ge A. CRAIG.

C. CAMERON,

lytl7

PRACTICAL
Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw and Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS.
7 Plans and Specifications on application. eR

The Walkerville Foundry.

AND .

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881. 12116

SUN CLOCK

IF YOU WANT A GOOD RELIABLE

WATCH

At a REASONABLE PRICE, call at

DAVIS BROS.

130 Young Street, Toronto.

—_——_—

N.B.—Repairing Promply Attended to.

10

AMarket Aeports.

MONTREAL.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Montreat, July 11, 1881.—The exports of
lumber as reported at the Custom House from
the 1st July to date were as follows: To Fleet-
wood, 12,926 deals and 1,477 deal ends; to
Gloster, 10,940 deals ; to London, 28,803 deals ;
to Cork, 16,290 deals; to Liverpool, 16,886 deals;
to Dover, 7,000 pieces ; to Montivideo, 51,076
pieces ; and to Penarth Road, 11,140 pieces,
All the wholesale trade in shipping lumber at
this port is done in Ottawa and elsewhere, so
that it is impossible tq give the wholesale prices
for shipping lots, there being now bought in the
Montreal market for that purpose, business
here being almost entirely confined to the supply
of the building trade, which is pretty brisk at
present and the demand is very good, which,
from all appearances, will continue so for some
time to come, and the market is in consequence
firm,

Pine, clear, @M..............008+ 20% 30 00 @35 00
Pine, selects ak.6 A OUD BHOODETLACOMDEIOOD 16 00 @20 00
Pine, good bo sp prcncoopavonananonos 12 00 @14 00
Pine, 10-in plank, 1st & 2nd quality, each 50 @ 60
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls each.......... 26 @ 30
Pine boards, 10-in. shipping culls, each 13 @. 15

Pine, 10-in boards, 16 ft.,
Pine, 12.in.

9 M, ist & 2nd 30 00 @35 00
30 00 @35 00

Pine, 12-in. CTS iities oY 30 00 @35 00
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common ngnoouadero 12 00 @14 00
Pine, Terie, fo) OPE IY inanoongone 12 00 @14 00
Spruce boards, each...... noeoarodnends 09 @ 10
Spruce plank, 2-in., each .....++..-e00. 18 @ 20
Hemlock boards, each........+. ' 81@ 94
Ash, good, M....esessesseses 20 00 @25 00
Ash, second quality, ® M. 16 00 @18 00

Oak, good, ® M.......
Oak, second quality. 81
Basswood, 2M.

50 00 @65 00
. 45 00 @50 00
20 00 @25 00

Maple, #M.....,.cccsseesee es 30 00 @40 00
Shingles, pine, XX, @®M.......... 2 50 @ 2 50
Acie ALE N BU MUM cea sche c sreqnisfoavoisusls trata 1 30 @ 1 30

Stocks of building lumber are pretty full, but
not beyond the expected requirements of trade.
In cordwood there is not much doing just now,
but the market is firm with upward tendency.
A large contract has been taken here for maple
at $6.20 delivered, French measure, cord, which
is six inches longer and three inches higher than
that in use in Upper Canada.

July 25.—The shipments of lumber from the
opening of navigation till the 18th inst. were as
follows:—To Montevideo, 51,076 pieces and 685, -
753 ft. ; Buenos Ayres, 739,756 ft. ; Penarth,
11,140 deals; Dover, 7,000 pieces ; Liverpool,
16,886 deals ; Cook, f. 0., 16,290 deals ; London,
28,805 deals and 210, 000 ft. ; Gloucester, 10,940
deals ; Fleetwood, 12,926 dealiets ; Cardiff, 11,815
deals ; Grenock, 6,148 deals ; Glasgow, 830,580
ft. ; Monmouth, 40,000 ft.; Mist Hartlepool, 45, -
000 ft.; Queenstown, 10,000 ft. ; Newcastle, 20, -
000 ft. ; St. John’s, Nfld., 406,883 drum staves
and 55,000 ft. ; Halifax, 318,753 ft.; Rotterdam,
58,000 ft. ; Teton! 8,147 deals ana 734 deal
ends ; Ahir p, 55,000 ft.

The rates of freight have been steady, to River
Plate $15; to direct ports in Great Britain, 60s.
to 62s, 6d.

The shipping trade has not been active during
the past two weeks, only two cargoes haying
been shipped to the River Plate. The local de-
mand has been good, and prices are well main-

tained, but without any change to note, Quo-
tations unchanged.
—___—__
TORONTO.

Jury 25.—The following are the quotations:
Mill cull boards and scantling............++++++ $ 9 00
Shpping cull boards, promiscous widths......... 12 00

BLOCK Slee cciatetereleisiuiainin ele nleleleielateiniaraiern 13 00
Scantling and joist, up BONG Etishais wie eiaule vie levitveisieve
18 ft... ‘
“ “ «20 ft..

oe “ “

22 ft..
24ft..
26 ft..
28 ft..
30 ft..
32 ft...

«e “ee “ce
“ Las “ec
“ee “ee “ee
ae a be
oe “ “e
“ “oe ee
«“e o Ad
Sh a oO BERS se duoddcsacedces
oe ae ae
Cutting up planks to dry.........eeeeeeee
boards ‘
Sound dressing stocks. .........seeeee eeeee sees
Picks Am. inspection......
Three uppers, Am. inspection..........-.seeee+ B
1}- inch flooring, dressed. ........ cece teen eee ees
u bi rough
Aressed .. wey. wee nes

dressed’... 0s.
undressed .
2 Beaded Sheeting, dressed
Clapboarding, dressed .

XXX sawn shingles, ® M. k
Sawn Lath......... Ue teeseveeevaregerere

“ ce

ee etnee

THE CANADA

LONDON, ONT.

From Our Own Correspondent, ~

This market continues to be active, with no
indications of a slackening off in work. Very
loud and long are the complaints of a deficiency
in our accommodation, which the railroad com-
panies would do well to remedy. TheG. W. R.
and G. T. R. are, of course, the chief lines com-
ing into this city, but they alone are not to
blame ; the auxillery lines are equally in fault.

This city has in the neighborhood of a dozen
large lumber yards, besides planing and sash
mills, and the demands on both are unprece-
dented ; for the surrounding country, in this
county and the neighboring counties of Oxford,
Lambton, Elgin and Huron are outlets for the
supply and production to an extent more or less,

The cedar block pavement which has just been
completed in compliance with the terms of con-
tract, gives entire satisfaction so far, and it is
only a question of a very short time when it will
be extended along Dundas street (one of our
main thoroughfares) east of the city as far as
Wellington street.

The Masonic Temple approaches completion,
and it is without question one of the handsomest
buildings west of Toronto. The Free Press of
this city gave a representation of this magnificent
structure in their issue a few weeks ago.

The calamity which befel this city on the 24th
May last has resulted in the total colapse of. the
Navigation Company, and the two steamboats,
Forest City and Princess Louise were offered at
auction the other day, but there were no bid-
ders ; and I do not see what anybody could do
with them, unless they were made into minia-
ture training ships for a juvenile navy. They
are now nearly high and dry, and will soon have

to be proped up on their keels, or where the keels

should be ; and as there is no outlet they must
either sail the Thames or become sad momentos
of a woeful day.

Hard wood lufhber does not meet with much
sale in this city, and what there is in the market
has no set price.

Shingles continue to be very scarce, and an
advance on my last figures will be found in ac-
companing list.

Oak plank and scantling sells here at from $16
to $22.

My report of this city’s lumber market at this
date is firm and brisk, and below I give quota-
tions :

Mill cull boards and scantling..............e0005 $8 00
Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths....... 10 00
10 and 12 in. .stocks....... 10 50

Common Botval promiscuous widths.,......... 13 00
Scantling and joist, up GONLGTG St a esteein bee's cars 14 00
LSE iaccrtacetibiumiatarcinia tai « 14 50

se s .f ZOTG: few Ws la ants owe 15 50

cg ce ss DOG iin sa bisiev. ees 2 Ue 16 50

iY ES “ DAE leeed straints 18 00
Common Stocks 1... .vesvvecsrcsasccessevens oe 14 00

Common 2 in. plank.,

Cutting up plank and boards: * vente wield
Sound ‘dressing stocks.... se. . 17 00
Clear and picks..........+se08
Three uppers, Am. inspection.
uy inch dressed and matched flooring

SSRI he MMCAR IE, ACS Raia nn 6 4
alan «“ “ tEAM Aes 21 00

XXX sawn shingles, @M............ eee eee eeeee 3 00
Lath) per 1000 feet. ici. cicsietitnine «0 acm sim ele sy cit wins 4 25
ee
BOSTON.

The Journal of Commerce of the 23rd of July
says :—There are no indications of a lull in the
consumptive movement. The demand for dry
stock is still without precedent at this seasbn of
the year. Cargoes stay hardly long enough to
be noticed, they are so quickly caught up.
Hardwoods are scarce and firm, with the ex-
ception of ash, which latter is a little “‘ off” in
price. Reports show the receipts of hardwoods
to be light, and the anticipations of small future
arrivals occasion a very firm feeling among hold-
ers. Advices from abroad show lunber to be
very scarce, with high prices asked. The follow-
ing are car load quotations :—*

CANADA PINE.

Selects, Dressed... ee... ccc seee eee sees S48 00@50 00
Shelving, Dressed, USUSH Ce cuteAteledh seis eters 40 00@42 00
SNR wiece'e Meee ve visa 33 00@35 00

Dressed ShipperS......ssecessecesee sees 27 00@29 00
Dressed Box... ccs. sc cdeveucesccnccuvses 18 00@20 00
Sheathing, Ist quality. ......... cee eee eee 42 00@45 00
“ 21 SOMES Ragelourattn eet eee 34 00@35 00

Tur Remepy that has had the most remarkable sue-
cess in the cure of diarrhaa, dyssentery, cholera mor-
bus, and, indeed, every kind of summer complaint,
brought on by eating improper food, such as raw yege-
tables, unripe or sour fruits, bad milk, impure water,
ete.,—the remedy that is the most pleasant, rapid,
reliable, and effectual, is Dr. Fowler’s Extract of Wild
Strawberry. It is the finest remedy for all summer
complaints known. For sale by all dealers.

.

LUMBERMAN.

NEW YORK.

The Real Estate Record of July 23, says :—
Very little in the way of positive complaint is
to be heard on our wholesale market. Demand
fluctuates a trifle, but sustains a good volume
for the season, and there appears no apprehen-
sion of any serious falling off. Indeed, the
schedules already presented indicate that buyer
are making early preparation for their fall and
winter supplies, and as the call from other points

appears to be quite as full as upon our own mar-

ket, it is not likely that the mill men will accu-
mulate a stock upon which business must be
forced. On the other hand, there is not at pres-
ent any disposition to express views of a special-
ly buoyant character, ruling prices standing
pretty full, and affording a fair margin to the
producer and intermediate operator, while the
consumer, having made calculations in accord-
ance with the cost, can afford to submit grace-
fully. The export movement still promises
well.

Eastern spruce retains a good healthy market,
with no positive tendencies favorable to either
buyer or seller. Now and then a cargo can be
reached a trifle “off,” while against this is an
occasional sale at extreme valuation, but the
bulk of the business will average about former
cost. Advices from the mills represent much
animation at present, and ‘‘hooks full of orders,”
as an insurance against any coming lull, but now
and then a manufacturer can be found whe will
work in a schedule if the bid prove full. Prices
range about as before, or say $14@16 per M for
randoms, and $16@18 for specials, the latter for
extra difficult.

White pine has gone out so freely this season
on export orders as to leave scarcely any accu-
mulation of shipping grades, and with the home
consumption also free stocks generally are mod-
erate. Moore goods are coming forward, but at
a cost which must lead to firm holding, even if
they do not find early sale, and the latter ap-
pears to be the strongest possibility. Accounts
from the primary points are supporting. We
quote $17.00@19.00 per M for West India ship-
ping boards ; $24.50@26.00 for South American
do.; $16.00@16.50 for box board ; $17.00@17.50
wide and sound do,

Yellow pine is well sustained in price, finds a
good general demand, and the market through-
out, according to the majority of reports, seems
to be in a healthy, cheerful condition. Manufac-
turers are in some cases able to give rather bet-
ter time on schedules, but all keep away, and
do not find it necessary to shade cost to secure
customers. For direct shipment from primary
points the demand has been better of late, but
also quite particular over quality. We quote
random cargoes gt about $24.00@26.00 per M ;
ordered cargoes, $26.00@28.00 do. green flooring
boards, $24.50@26.50 do.; and dry do. do.,
$27@29. Cargoes at the South, $15@19 per M
for rough, and $20@24 for dressed.

Hardwoods of attractive quality continue in
small supply, and secure a good demand as soon
as offered with full prices bid on all kinds. The
offerings at interior points are small, and owners
ideas extreme for anything in mercantile order.
We quote at wholesale rates by carload about as
follows: Walnut, $77@85 per M; ash, $35@38
do.; oak, $40@45 do.; maple, $330@35 ; chestnut,
1st and 2nd, $380@35; do. do. culls, $18@20 do.;
cherry, $50@55 do.; white wood, 4 and § inch,
$25@27.50, and do. inch, $33@35 do,; hickory,
$35@45 do., for Western, and $65@75 good
nearby stock. >

Shingles not unusually active, but selling well,
and_ prices sustained without much difficulty.
The supply is not very large or well assorted.
We quote Cypress at about $6 for saps and $8. -
50@9 for hearts; pine shipping stocks, $4 for
18-inch, and Eastern saw grades at $2.50@4.50
for 16-inch, as to quality and quantity. Machine
dressed cedar shingles quoted as follows: For
30-inch, $16@22.25 for A and $28.75@33.25 for
No. 1; for 24-inch, $6.50@16 for A and $16.75
@23 for No. 1; for 20-inch, $5@10.50 for A and
$11.24@11.75 for No. 1.

LATH,.

The market has shown less irregularity than
last week, and presented few items of positive
interest. Supplies were a little more plenty and
occasionally quotations somewhat slow, but re-
ceivers appear to have placed all catgoes without
shading cost, and the current quotation remains

|have bought quite a quantity of boards and

>| $2.25 per M ; Saginaw to same ports, $2.50 ; Bay

at $1.75 per M. A few arrivals may k
od every week, itis naid, but nothing li ,
oppressive, and advices at hand indicate that
quality will run good.
> -_.
SAGINAW VALLEY. ne
JULY 27.—The abundant activity in this mar-
ket last week continues in increasing measure, —
It is a genuine surprise, the eagerness for lum-
ber. The transactions, from their size and fr
quency, are really bewildering, when some o
the dragging periods of the past year are recall!
ed. It is considered a poor day when sales a
not reported aggregating five or six million fe
Friday last the reports showed that over six
and a half million feet changed hands. As for
prices, they have covered a pretty wide ran
on some grades, There was never more firm
ness felt, and it may really be said that price
have advanced, although some of the figures
made in the transactions are the same as have
appeared from time to time. The true state of
the'case will be revealed in the notice of sale
below. The east, west and south have compet-
ed with each other in this market the past week,
Chicago buyers being on the ground in uumbers, —
picking up lots to suit their trade, their require-
ments being largely bill stuff, although they —

strips. Ohio, New York and Pennsylvani
dealers have also placed orders here. an
The advance of lumber at Chicago of course”
strengthens this market, and under the extraor-
dinary demand prices on the river may be ex-
pected to advance. The following sales have
been reported the past week:—1,100,000 feet
common stock at $6.50, $13 and $32; 300,000
feet at $7, $14 and ‘$32; 1,200,000 feet at $8,
$16 and $36; 500,000 feet at $7, $14 and $35;
300,000 feet at $7, $14 and $32; 1,200,000 feet
at $8, $16 and $35; 1,000,000 feet at $7.50, $15
and $35: 700,000 feet at $7, $14, and $33 ; 1,-
000,000 feet at $7.50, $15 and $35; 125,000 feet
at $7.50, $15 and $35; 200,000 feet at $8, $16
and $36 ; 600,000 feet at $7, $14 and $35 ; 1,000,-
000 feet at $7.25, $14.50 and $35 ; 9,000,000 feet
at $7, $14, $32, $7.50, $15 and $35 ; 350,000 feet,
prices not learned ; 175,000 feet Norway bill
stuff at $9 ; 1,600,000 feet Norway bill stuff at —
$8 and $10; 350,000 feet prices not learned; —
3,000,000 feet at $7, $14 and $32 ; 2,800,000 feet,
price not reported ; 2,600,000 feet, price not re-
ported ; 450,000 feet, price not reported ; 1,250,-
000 feet, price not reported ; 500,000 feet at $7,
$14 and $32; 1,000,000 feet at $7.50, $15 and —
$35; a choice lot, amount not learned, at $8, —
216 and $40; 975,000 feet Norway bill stuff at
$8@10 ; 2,000,000 feet pine lumber at $6.75,
$13.50 and 32; 1,500,000 feet at $7, $14, $7.50,
$14.50, $32 and $35 ; 200,000 feet at $7, $14 and
$35 ; 300,000 feet at $7, $14 and $33 ; 300,000
feet at $9, $17 and $36 ; 510,000 feet at $7, $14
and $33; 1,000,000 feet at eurrent ara 425, -
000 feet at $7.50, $15 and $35,
Freights remain the same as quoted last week,
namely: Bay City to Buffalo and Tonawanda,

City to Ohio ports, $1.75; Saginaw to Ohio
ports, $2; Bay City to Chicago, $2.50 ; Saginaw
to Chicago, $2.75,

The amount shipped the past week has in-
creased over the previous week, but the season's’
shipments have not yet overtaken in quantity
those of last year at the same date, and if they
are going to this seasom it is time some sign of
it appeared. The amount of clearances of lum-
ber to July 23, last year were over 375,000,000 —
feet ; to the same date this year the aggregate is
304,000, 000. *

The shipments of forest products from the
river for the week ending July 23 was as follows:

Lambex, feed wc Senkinneee pve ccd SOS a
Shingles SAVERS Ee — S380.
HOOpBws 5 wowed ésectbun s RS aE ew nt ceseccece 80,00
oe Buse cn nkssp sien eas eke Se casecechese 208,0
SERVE. PY. sees cnn cs no ones CeCe 44,000 —
Cedar posts. io. sabeics incl etn SORTS }

Of these amounts there was cleared from E:
Saginaw 10,360,000 feet of lumber and 3,350,00
shingles, the balance clearing from Bay City.

The total shipments of lumber, shingles and
lath from the river for the season to date wen
as follows : + CS

Eunnber, feetis diss ised sccown linn $04,925,195
Shingles, ........ ue
Lath

te eee eee

sete ee eee

SRA wexe 7,609,
Saibhtee ards Rose demand and

Quotations are : River eas: $2.10@2.20 for | prices.
clear. butts and $3.10@3.20 for XXX ; country
brands, $2.00@2.10 for clear butts aad! $3@3.10

for XXX.

RAILROAD FREIGHTS,

The following are the present railroad freight
tariffs from the Saginaw Valley to principal
points, for 10 tons, as reported by Mr. O.
Waters, Commercial Agent M.C.R.R.: ;

Albany, N.Y......... mieisyayeicimnsele siValaleleferays sevens G02 00
i WE. etes

.

CHICAGO,

Jury 20,-The principal changein prices since last

report has been in piece stuff, which was advanced
lengths, by which is meant eighteen feet and
under. Longer stuff is higher in proportion.
These figures are Said to be obtained without
difficulty, though some of the dealers continue
to talk of a possible reaction in the prices of this
kind of lumber later on. it is expected now
that more piece stuff will come to the market
than heretofore in proportion to the quantity of

- inch received, for the reason that it has advanced
so much that the manufacturers can afford to
make-it instead of putting so many of their cheap
logs into inch lumber. It will require but a
short time to change the character of the re-
ceipts in this respect considerably, and we may
therefore look for a more liberal supply of di-
mension on the market within a few weeks.

CARGO QUOTATIONS.

Joist and scantling, green..............-$11 50@12 00

Mill run, choice green..... eatios ... 16 50@21 00
Mill run, medium, green......... - 13 50@16 50
Milirun,common, ‘“ ee 11 50@13 50
Shingles, standard............. 2 80@ 2 85
Shingles, extra A..... ./ Se dab 2 90@ 3 00
aes o> Sess Sle aieiel ols{e\e\olelai@ay olviojec'lo ewe @175
LAKE FREIGHTS.
Manistee.i..,.....-.-.- Sinip siahelp aleic\= ore veceisiccecspe 12
DESIPRESON «do Succ cece sscvcccurscs piataie'wysis/aierats = 1 624
Ludi Me veeces eee S. 1°87;
Grand Haven - 1 62
is gee . 2124
Sturgeon Bay - 2124
White Lake.... om «1 75
MMMREV CE orig Vdeisvnags ciascemeshescsoccccce «es. 200
Receipts and shipments of lumber and shingles
for the week ending July 19:
RECEIPTS, SHIPMENTS.
Lumber, Shingles. Lumber, Shingles.
is epee 66,346,000 33,127,000 27,684,000 3,260,000
1880......63,857,000 24,142,000 21,280,000 1,070,000

Receipts and shipments

of
ghingles from January 1 to and including July
a5 =

lumber and

RECEIPTS, SHIPMENTS.
Lumber, Shingles, Lumber. Shingles,

1881. .740,692,000 322,473,000 415,023,000 67,344,000
1880. 612,921,000 302,327,000 353,274,000 52,161,000

eS eee
MINNEAPOLIS.

The Mississippi Valley Zumberman of the
22nd ult. says:—All things work together for
good to such as raised their price lists promptly
aud regularly, which remark we explain as
meaning that those firms and markets who first
took our advice and raised prices have netted
the largest amount of satisfaction and money
while those who have hung back would like to

. hire some one to kick them. T’was ever thus
ete. News from all quarters are of the most
cheerful character pour in upon us. A corres-
pondent writing from St. Louis says “we cam
do no more lumber business in this city until
we have more Railroads to carry it away, and
in prices we lead the markets of America,”
Another friend in Hannibal writes us “ trade
has continued with unprecedented activity dur-
ing the whole summer and prices have been main-
tained throughout without an inclination to weak-
ness. The advances that have been made from
time to time have been fully sustained and have
served to stimulate the demand rather than re-
tard trade.”

yue, Davenport and other river cities
have all the trade they can handle at the late
advance. Minneapolis is getting rid of over
5,SN,SM feet per week and only sawing about
CSD fet. Heavy log sales are reported
; the St. Croix where they are closing out
rannente of their winters cut at good round

again on Saturday to $11.50 and $12 for ordinary

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Logs elsewhere are becoming valuable.

Wolf river logs,

our Bay City report.
pe EE
ALBANY.

Freights :—

To New York, # M ft........0.00000 Baaidagh @1 00
To Bridgeport.......sseceseneees sleja Seiaeinte @1 374
To New Haven..... udcodubineboodsblocones @1 374
To Providence, Fall Rives and Newport... .. 2 00@2 25
To Pawtucket. .........05.0s0-eeeeees » 2 26@2 50
To Norwalk...... barddunaoodndepage seeree L 26@1 30
To Hartford...... plaibisrcleloraisistsleche Mayelete tava oka @2 00
To Norwich........++..-0005 bioodn'c mebieleta @2 00

To New London..,.... eeable Ry aisoiatiayer ad nit ata @1 75
To Philadelphia,......... Aone 5 “ @2 00
Quotations at the yards are as follows :—

Pine, clear, # M.....-..... bocadso ebook $50 00@60 00
Pine, fourths..........0.2++ sia el ea we 45.00@55 00
Pine, selects........ niditehatstasisies a . 40 00@50 00
Pine, g00d DOX.....4++......0- a ssesseess 14 00@28 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, each.... ........... 00 38@00 42
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, Bes sesese coves 00 20@00 22
Pine boards, 10-in........ a atelershele soos. 25 00@27 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, culls.............+4.. 17 00@18 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., @M.......... 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, MG Stivers a tome ateiirsla sie 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 13ft..........e00.++. 26 00@28 00
Pine, 1} in. siding, Select.......+..0004.. 38 00@40 00
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common...........-. 15 00@18 00
Pine, 1-in. siding, select..,.............. 38 00@40 00
Pine, inch siding, common.. . 15 00@18 00
Spruce, boards, each....... - 00 15@00 15

- 00 19@00 19
00 28@00 28
00 11@00 12
00 13@00 00

Spruce, plonk, 1}-in., each........
Spruce, plank, 2-in., each...-..0.+
Spruce, wall strips, Gach fancies, aaidsj=
Hemlock, boards, each.............. a5

Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each............0.5. 00 31@00 31
Hemlock, joist, 2x4, each ......+00..+-. 00 13@00 13
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4, each.......... 00 10@00 10
Ash, good, 8 M.. hocecauds e+. 38 00@45 00
Ash, second quality, B IRS Bena «+» 25 00@30 00
Cherry, good,'#M....... sini ineet ht tetealers 60 00@70 00
Cherry, commen, C3) M. Sia aiblalonetetaviare orbs dere 25 00@35 00
Oak, good, @M......... sieialeluje\arsieis)dteteratals 38 00@43 00

Oak, second quality, @M................ 20 00@25 00
Basswood, Bo Mivececsceecs evcsssecceras 25 00@28: 00
Hickory, ® M Seomae Ris warwislste ists! ofa \eicieinte »... 36 00@40 00
Maple, Canada, ®M.....+....+ soeces.-+. 26 00@30 00
Chestnut, @ M......seeseesseaeees seeee. 35 00@40 00
Shingles, ‘shaved, pine, ® Mi, Nahe 6 00@00 00
2nd quality antedd agnaaone 4 50@00 00

‘© extra, sawed, pine 4 20@04 25

ae clear, «.» 3 25@00 00

ak cedar, isk mralaralaeeteisie a chhsteroiers 3 00@00 00

ne cedar, MOK Sec kines 3 75@00 00

oe BEMIOCK i sastels.,chidic se smaaiers ss» 2 25@00 00
Lath, hemlock, # M..... Sieisiataly states - 1 50@00 00
Lath, spruce, (SW. dsistecccisinenelinsvacae 1: 75@00) 00.
Lath, pine, feagclalet tier eclactace seeeee 2 00@00 00

OSWEGO, N.Y.
Juty 25.—The pONORENE are the pane eHons —

Three uppers..... seeceecceesrcccceess + G42 OO@45 00
Pickings..... 54 «+. 32 00@35 00
Fine, common and ‘dressi . 20 00@25 ov
Common . 14 00@16 00
Culls.... eevee Ll 00@13 00
Mill run lots +++. 17 00@22 00
Sidings, selected, 1, 14 inch. . treseceeeses 30 00@37 00
Mill run, 1x10, 12in.... AACR ot eseesee s+ 16 00@21 00
Selected sesccesseee 20 00@25 00
Strips, land a ineh mill iD Eat cord 00@18 00
culls...........- 10 00@13 00

1x6 siea for clapboards Shaheed seoeee.. 25 00@35 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, DUC AABSHEbeDAG 3 75@ 3 85
XX, AOAATAA ARRAN 2 75@ 2 85

XXX, 18 inch, cedar. Bini dina seesse 3 00@ 3 10

Re SM MMS eats neil oiiavare 2 25@ 2 40

Pathan vies se oe aise slelehsio/ate: etple -isicis,mietays oh =) 1 40@ 1 40

—<—— ee
BUFFALO.

JuLy 25.—The following are the latest quota-
tions for cargo lots :—

PWIppers secs nce peeeccerscs seersscveeress G0 OO@40 00
Common........... yo teeeeees Matutevaitis ayes - 17 00@20 00
Calittee reticle ese eivimiaieievareialsinis/ siolel= - 11 00@12 00
Dressing stocks............ ais eielelsinis)sieisie's 18 00@20 09
Dressing sidings, ............ RD ai tance 17 WU@10 00
—_—_______
LOGS.

The Stillwater Lumberman says :—Gillispie &
Harper report the following log sales: Page,
Dixon & Co., Dubuque, 140,000 feet ; Renwick,
Shaw & Co., Dubuque, 400,000 feet; Quincy
Lumber Co,, Quincy, IIl., 600,000 feet ; Gales
& Wightman, Port Byron, 500,000 feet ; Du-
buque Lumber Co., 70,000 feet ; Hemingway,
Barkley & Co., Lansing, Ia., 600,000 feet ; St.
Croix Lumber Co., 100,000 feet ; C. N. Clark,
Dubuque, 200,000 feet. By the steamer Nina,
14 string raft to Gardner, Batchelder & Co.,
Lyons ; and 8 strings to C. L. Coleman, by the
Rugby ; 14 strings, by Mark Bradley, to Taber
& Co.

je SLE Re es

Since the first of -March ‘Hugh Sutherland &
Bro. have received by rail 748 cars of lumber,
amounting to about 7,480,000 feet, besides over
two million feet by water, a large portion of
which was shipped by the North-West N aviga-
tion Company to Brandon. They have found it
necessary to keep their saw-mill, Winnipeg, run-
ning night and day, and even now they cannot
keep up with the demand,

A sale is reported of 5,000,000 feet at Oshkosh
to the Diamond Match Co., at $17 per M for
Hastern Michigan is having
her full share of prosperity as will be noticed in

Juty 25.—The- following are the River

of cures and help frem Zopesa, from Brazil.
proof of the health and vigor it gives in a ten cent

11

DULUTH, GLASGOW.
The Lake Superior News says :—Thelong faces| The Timber Tradez Journal of the 25th June
of our lumbermen about these days are supposed | says :-—
to be owing to the rise of $1 per M on lumber.| There has been rather an iraproved feeling in
The Chicago and Minneapolis 1narkets advanced | the wood market here during last week.

On Thursday, the 16th inst., Messrs. Edmis-
ton & Mitchells brought forward to public
at Yorkhill Wharf, an attractive assortment of
Canadian and Norwegian goods, also parcels of

some little time ago, and our lumbermen have
concluded not to get left. The extraordinary
demand for lumber, and the hanging up of so
many logs this spring are the causes of the rise.

sale,

It is said that one firm in Duluth will make} black walnut, &. There was an unusually
from $10,000 to $15,000 by this rise. large attendance of town and country buyers,
no ame em eee the Auction Hall being quite filled. Of the

>, LIVERPOOL. Quebec deals, the extra breadths (12 in. and

The Timber Trades Journal of the 25th June, | broader) were most in demand, and sold fairly
Bays :— well, and will be seen from the prices under-

noted,

For the walnut timber,
ordinary quality, there was spirited competition,
a considerable to the east
coast.

On Wednesday, the 22nd, Messrs. Singleton,
Dunn & Co. held an auction sale of deals, viz.,
a large cargo of St. John, N.B., spruce just dis.
charged ex-steamer. There wasa
the entire cargo being sold at prices as under-
noted.

The stock of spruce deals now in first hands
here is extremely light.

AUCTION SALES.

On 22nd inst., at Glasgow, Messrs. Singleton,
Dunn & Co., brokers :—

St. John, N.B., spruce deals—

The past week has shown a little more liveli-
ness than some of its predecessors, but this in a
great measure is due to the auction sales, which
have added to the ordinary amount of work
done by private treaty. The arrivals have been
few, and have consisted chiefly of spruce deals ;
and, as the demand for these goods is falling off,
we have a drooping market, as will be seen from
the particulars of last Friday’s sales detailed
below, when Messrs. A. F’. & D. Mackay offered
two cargoes from St. John, N.B., one from St.
Margaret’s Bay, and some stored lots, together
with birch timber, Quebec pine deals, and other
woods, There was a fair attendance of buyers,
and although there was an indication of desire
to meet the wishes of the buyers, a part of one
cargo of St. John, N.B., and about two-thirds

which was only of

proportion going

good de mand,

of the cargo from Margaret’s Bay were with- 10 to 27 ff. 5x3 11d. per cub. ft.
> 10 “* 29 “© 14x3 114d. ic
drawn. Thestored spruce deals also were with- 10 “ 27 “ 13%3 11d. “
drawn, for want of competition, and the prices 10 “ 27 “ 12x3 11d. to 114d. ef
4 = 10 ** 20 ** 11x3 lid: ‘* 114d. ¥2
bid for the American black walnut, 45 logs, did 21 27“ 1x3 123d. = «
not seem sufficiently high to warrant a sale, as 10 “ 26 “* 10x3 11d. to 113d. a
ly 4s. per foot was offered for the largest wood Thee fete eer ce g
only 48. per foot was offered for the largest wood, ll 20 9x3 lid. to 114d. “«
viz., 20 to 24 in. deep. The spruce deals sold as 10“ 9x3 103d. vie
foll. i 13 “ 26 “ 8x3 103d. “
ONOWBi = ‘ 10 “12 8x3 10d. =
St.[John, N. B.— £ <s, ‘di Es ish) ae 1S “9255* 7x3) Sd es
16 to 25 ft. 3x11 le 2 * Gi tO) Wie” 7 OG 15“ 7x3 94d. oe
Hy CS als Bibl 6 15 0 “ 6 17 61|16to17 and 10 to 14 ft. 7x3 9d. -2
911 © 3x11 6 12 6 + J ae
16 “96 « 3x9 6 12 6 St. John, a spruce ee , 7
1215 © 3x9 6 50 “ 6 12 6 9 to 24ft. 6x3and 23d. 93d.
911“ 3x9 6 2 6 Fee er boxe. 8d. <2
16 “ 26 “« 3x7 6 5 0 te 55 is 2to4x3 10d. ae
DA Ea OG Ref 6 2 6 * 6 5 0] St. John, N.B., spruce deal ends—
ORES e EEE) Rise l7 6525 6 7to16x3 9d.
925“ x7 6 26
924“ 3x8,10and126 7 6 to 6 16 0 5
9 ‘24 MWx9andll 6 12 6 Tur Hart Emery Wheel Co., of Hamilton,
Margaret’s Bay, N.S.— d sae Sn Fa ] £1880
9 to 27 ft. 3x9and 11 6 17 6 commenced operations in the early part o E
9 6 28 6 EXT 6 15 0 “ 6 17 6|and from their experience since that time the
Rough cee exe f 8 8 following statement is deduced :—At the com-

Pailings, chiefly 43.3, 70s. per 1,200 pieces.

St. John, N.B., pine deals unassorted, 9 to 23 ft. 3x7
to 13 and 2x7, £6 12s. 6d.

Sawn spruce timber, small sized, 4 to 9 in. square, 8d.

mencement they procured from Detroit persons
well versed in the business, who soon imparted
to the others engaged a practical knowledge of

SE Meee ey iiventtimber the business, after which they were returned to
16 fa aeuaupwards deep id A per ft. their former places of employment in Detroit.
F rains es ia He 94d: “ Since the start on a small scale the business has

day by day increased, until now seven times as
many hands are engaged as formerly. Wages
are also higher, in most cases rising fifty per
cent.- The sales are growing larger day by day,
and the facilities for manufacturing this class of
goods are being increased to fill the growing

On the same day Messrs. Farnworth & Jar-
dine offered a cargo of Pensacola hewn pith pine
timber just landing, which met with good com-
petition, and about two-thirds of the cargo was
sold at the following prices :

20 to 24 in. deep, 22d. to 27d. per ft.
19° “204d! “214d. wants of the consumer, while the charge for
1g“ lsd,“ 1gid, « : : : a cieats
WGP aye 17d. “ their product is greatly lessened. As to the
TO Rie Oeeiae 16;d. “ 17jd. effect of the tariff on their trade the company

The remainder of the cargo was withdrawn.

The Timber Trades Journal of July 9th says :
—With the arrival of several timber laden
vessels from Quebec the quays are now begin-
ning to wear a busy aspect, but so far there has
not been much done in the way of delivery out
of the fresh import.

From the usual monthly return given below
it is evident that in nearly every article the
stock is in excess of what it ought to be at this
time of year, yet we must not overlook the fact
that the consumption has not shown any marked
decrease, for it compares very fairly with that
of the corresponding month of last year.

are fully satisfied with its workings. They have
a protection of 74 per cent., which to a great
extent debars American competition ; and at the
same time their goods are of better quality than
those furnished on the other side of the line.

D. Gizmoor, Esq., of the firm of Gilmour &
Co., was in Campbellford on Monday last, with
a view to shipping lumber there. If he is suc-
cessful ‘in purchasing a suitable site, the Com-
pany will also establish a regular supply depot,
like unto the one recently built by Messrs. Rath
bun & Son.

‘Honored and Blest.

When a board of eminent physicians and chemists
"announced the discovery that by combining some well
known remedies, the most wonderful medicine was pro-
duced, which would cure such a wide range of diseases
that most all other remedies could be dispensed with,
many were skeptical ; but proof of its merits by actual
trial has dispelled all doubts, and to-day the discoverers
of that great medicine, Hop Bitters, are honoured and
blest by all as benefactors.—Demoerat:

—$—$_=—_—_

By THE Timely UsE of the Extract of Wild Straw-
berry, you may avert all disagreeable summer com-
plaints, diarrhea, dysentery, cholora morbus, etc.,
nothing isso pleasant in, its cure, so rapid, reliable
and effetual, as Dr. Fowler’s extract of Wild Straw-
berry. And the value of this medicine is an antidote
in sour stomach, colic, cramps, seasickness, vomiting,
and other irritations of the stomach and bowels is in-
culculable. It is safe and sure, and should be carried
in the hayersack of every traveller and tourist.

A Fool Once More.

**For ten years my wife was confined to her bed
with such a complication of ailments that no doctor
could tell what was the matter or cure her, and I used
up a small fortune in humbug stuff. Six months ago
I saw a U. S. flag with Hop Bitters on it, and I thought
I would be a fool once more. I tried it, but my folly
proved to be wisdom. Two bottles cured her, she is
now as well and strong as any man’s wife, and it cost
me only two dollars. Such folly pays.”—H. W., De-
troit, Mich.—Free Press.

——

Dysrrrsta.—Strenthen your digestion—tone the
stomach for utilizing and assimilating every atom of
food you take; the body needs it for strength and
vigor. Zopesa cleanses the entire system, stimulates
the Liver, keeps you regular, and able to eat ten-penny
nails. Letters and postal cards come in daily, telling
Positive

sample. Ask your druggist.

12 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

ROBIN &

OAK HALL

Nos. 115, 117, 119, 121, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.
We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........86 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 1 50
We give a Good Overalls for .......-...... 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral.

ly113

The QUEEN'S HOTEL, TORONTO, CANADA
McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.

7&3" Patronized by Royalty and the best families, Prices gradulated according to rooms, 620

Ho. DT <On a oe

_ MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BELTING

Cf _s First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ....-..s0.ssees- Ottawa, 1875
f . First Prize, Provincial Exhibition............. Hamilton, 1876
6 First Prize, Provincial Exhibition...... ........- London, 1877

First Prize, Industrial Exhibition
International Medal, Centennial Ex......., Philadelphia, 1876

ys Bee

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets.

Send for Price Lists and discounts.
6117
*

81 Colborne Street, Toronto

Sgaa p= =
-222 4
Holepeps
gaaa —5 Q
| : a ga88 es] H
| BAA a a |
Bf = fesse a fh
Seat ey
= 3 ,
= Ze oie,
—— eat a
= aA seIEO
= = ie
= eS, Regent
== aii
S$ o- £2525F
=| gate U2
=e @ azsfe >
== S—eetre-e
= S 2egk Ee] 2
£355 —4
pige =
ay ae Saas RO
“444

National Manufacturing Company

202 SPARKS STRE

———SS 4 SSS ~ Asn r
anufacturers of Tents for Luambermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and
jlitary Encampments, with or without extra roofs, all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped,
ildew proof or plain, Prices from $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
Oren tr OR Vac made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP
3 ry D>” BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent
a ed; size when folded 2 x 6 in. ; 3 feet long, weig
£only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear
= weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-
= covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description. made to order on the premises.
#eP"Special rates to Lumbermen. Send for cata-
logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING ©0.,
202 Sparks Street sOttawa

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

HAMILTON, CAIN ADA.

ve ‘THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13
)

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton.

President. Secretary-LTreasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

DETROXT

EMERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

These Wheels are
Wire Strengthened

And Specially Adapted

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE

TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ,

GALT. : MONTREAL.

Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO,, Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO,
- ST. CATHARINES. ‘TORONTO.

| ‘WE ALSO REFER TO
WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,
Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. ~ Lumber Merchants, wes

For Saw Gumming

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 5

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS Northey's Steam Pump Wor

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by
BOILER FEED PUMPS, MINING PUMPS,

-

The Canadian Steam Users Insurance Association AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, | PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO. STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and OIL PIPE LINES,
SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President. GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer. WRECKING PUMPS. And CITY WATER WORKS.

HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres. A. F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. ly1l7

No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO. —

SEND FOR CIRCULAR. LI7-ly

A. NORDEA DBT
ELECTRICIAN,

4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONTARIO.

Trusses for HERNIA, Rupture,

The most Durable and Beneficial kind knewn to Medical Science always in
Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.

BATTERIES FOR BATHS,

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private Use; and
FARADIC BATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW. lyil7

Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I baye much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal) | for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English | Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work: The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD. SINGLE OVEN STOVE

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove I have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.
Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.
Apam HALL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June Srd, 1880.

A. Hatt, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, incom- |
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

\ BES <3 EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED
Seo = 5 All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for

The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that 1 j i
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best inthe market. We GUARANTEE ALL Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.
OUR ORGANS for five years. Correspondence invited. Lllustrated Catologue mailed free.

W. BELL & CO... .ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

ATHODeE FHM.

WH RECHIV HD

Medal and Diploma..... .......

GITH:

I ‘eyesny ‘Aeupsg yore

International Medal and Diploma, Sydney, Australia, 1877

Medal and Diploma............

6LEI ‘UOMNIGIGE [eljsnpuy ‘ueZ10 sz0[Ieg 10J reper ATWO
SLI ‘UOWMIGINXm [eIouTAoIg ‘UBZIO 1O[IVg 10J [epeyw ATUO

0838

= cy
5 rf b Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

Cs Q

d Q DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

2 2 a The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twojovens, each 16 :
‘d | S x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials *
5 I Q from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I

a ie i e = ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well Known and

s S WRAKKS eliable, and will carry more weight than dny recommendation of my own could do.

a 5 The Best Stove I have ever Used.

b @ rales PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880. ‘
¢ q ae ApamM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-

Ay 5 ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For

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THE CANADA LOMSERMAN. I 5

MARSHALL MURRAY

' Brass-founde)

MANUFACTURER OF

CHURCH BELLS

Of a TONE and PRICE

ALL MEWITE IN BRAS Mn SHS FURNISHED,

ALSO,

GAL VA WEGED Ww od) ® EX.

Corner of Francois and Roch Streets, |

PALACE HARBOUR, ST. ROCH, QUEBEC.

|

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. ee
: ;
s

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

‘ . a

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only a single saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, cesting $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the whee]. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple .
an article as Files, and every dealer In saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock.
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round,
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of all in use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are:

12x .
4 er | “na
ig Bx \ # in, hole. as » $ in. hole. ox 2,2 ena ee
é 8xi 10x j 12x: f
12.
, ;

. . Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12xj are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won't touth it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft caw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened seale.

A QUHSTION GH OU ALZTY yy.

Thirteen years of experience a8 makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion-as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of tbe wheel is more than made up by the money saved on wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities 4o match any and every. other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Zanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world, Probably seven-elghths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “ Class 2."
1t cuts fast and keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the * Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as ‘‘ Class 2,” but/a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS ‘‘POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others, It is both jiner in grain and softer than either of the above. As aSaw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will pot create much heat. 7

IMustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cats of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application. i

The Tanite Co, Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED. ‘-_

M. Covel’s Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW 29 -Mcn, MILL MACHINERY!
STEAM FEED! 1 oR to ee

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars

for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-

ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the

Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
I would also call special attention to my Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-

H Circular Saw Mill

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam

Feed, haying put inseveral which are giving the best of sat-

isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

ae

+ ele yl omen

mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &c.

Horizontal Engines and Boilers

>

deme

=o

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, sq, Peterborough.

DEAR StR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
Way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

ee Oe

i

SHNIONG

eye

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration,
with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or
| Kl = Factories of any Kind, I supply the Corliss Engine.
i ii HNN Hts justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and F
il NN on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and

i 52 tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of y

i

i)
iy

Toronto, August 11th, 1880.
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.

DEAR StrR—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly, Yours, «&e.,

THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-PowWaay
per hour, x10

- PETERBOROUGH, ONT,

LLIAM HAM

a \
,
2

*

PUBLISHED).
SEMI-MONTHLY. f

Tava NAA <7
my

wy)
CONE if

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada. {

{SUBSCRIPTION
($2.00 PER ANNUM.

VOL. 1.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., AUGUST 15, 1881.

NO. 20.

For the first six months of the year there
were 42,257,531 feet of lumber exported from
New York. Of this amount the West Indies
took 23,335,326 feet; South America, 13,700,-
047 ; East Indies and Africa, 3,346,396 ; Europe,
United Kingdom, 2,219,529, and Europe, con-
tinent, 656,233. During the same months of the
four preceding years, 34,935,899 feet were ex-
ported in 1880, 33,842,867 feet in 1879, 26,178,-
286 in 1878, and 27,839,860 in 1877. The figures
do not include the exports of hardwoods.

On Wednesday morning about forty of C. N.
Nelson & Co.’s mill crew struck for a reduction
of time from1lto 10 perday. They paraded
the streets, and succeeded in getting about forty
of Hersey, Bean & Brown’s mill crew to join
them. These were joined by Jordan & Mathews’
and J. Mulvey’s rafting crew. The crowd
marched to Schulenberg Boeckeler’s mill and
attempted to stop the mill, but Earnest Hospe’s
revolver induced them to giveupthe job. They
also failed to induce Isaac Staples’ crew to join
them. Nelson & Co. and Hersey, Bean &
Brown’s mill are still running with half crews.
The mill owners declare they will not reduce the
working time, and the end is not yet.

Tue Mississippi Valley Lumbermanand Manu-
facturer remarks that from present appearances
the great timber country of northern Wisconsin
and Minnesota will be gridironed with railroads
the next five years. Arrangements are being

_ nade to commence work on half a dozen, and as
_ these projects are all gotten up as feeders and
" extensions of the greatrailroad lines of the north-
west there is little doubt but that they will all
be constructed. In the lumber way the most
“important of these lines is the timber belt rail-
“way, which is designed to run east and west
‘through northern Wisconsin. The Wisconsin
ventral railroad has had cut along its lines dur-
“ing the last winter 215,000,000 feet of logs, or
nearly the cut of the whole upper Mississippi
and Rum river country, and considerably more
than was cut on the St. Croix river.

Ax Oregon prophet, awake to the coming im-
portance of the lumber interest in that country,
glowingly asserts that the Pacific slope now
Offers the most considerable supply of lumber
Temaining on the continent. The development
& the projected railway system of Oregon will
Open up the lumber trade of that State, which
will soon become more extensive and lucrative
than its fisheries and wheat production.

the mountain lumber manufacture will be an
immense business. Here, he says, is not only
the easy and natural source of supply, but the
only possible one. Though the supply cannot
be considered inexhaustible, it is thought to be
good for a hundred years.

THE following table shows the cost of thick
clear lumber in Boston, Mass., shipped from
Chicago, Detroit, Mich.,and Tonawanda, N.Y.,
the current prices and rates of freight being used
in the calculation :—

CHICAGO, DETROIT. TONAWANDA.

Two inch clear.....$46 00 $47 00 $45 00
Dressing.......+.++ 1 50 1 50 1 50
Freight............ 7 00 5 50 3 50

Cost in Boston. ..$45 50 54 00 50 00

These figures show a difference of fifty cents
and $4.50, respectively, between the prices re-
ceived by the Detroit and Tonawanda deals,and
that obtained for the same quality of stock by
any Chicago man who may be fortunate enough
to sell it. The comparison, therefore, assuming
that Chicago prices fix the value, proves that the
Detroit and Tonawanda dealers are selling their
lumber for less than it is worth ; at the first
point the price should be $47.50, and at the sec-

nd $49.50.

THE WORLD’S PROGRESS.

From a book entitled ‘‘ The Balance Sheet of
the World,” published in London not long since,
are gleaned the following interesting facts and
conclusions. One striking feature of the work
is an exhibit of civilized progress during the de-
cade from 1870 to 1880. It is shown by the table
below :— ,

Per Cent
of Increase.
Population ...es+ sccsasecseresecene 9.76
PRICUIBINE: J) site cA Maciel: scenes 8.58

Tt will be noticed that manufactures increased
more than double the percentage of agriculture,
and commerce more than four times that of
agriculture. Mining and the earrying trade
mounted still higher in comparison. <A careful
student of human progress, by a survey of these
figures, is led to inquire whether agriculture is
really losing ground in the race with our indus-
tries. If all material progress is based on agri
culture, one might be led to conclude that the

’’ | business structure of the world is in danger of
It is | Lecoming top-heavy. But as civilization means

PIONEER SAW-MILLS IN EUROPE.

A writer in the Timber Trades Journal says
that the exact date of the first practical employ-
ment of the saw-mill is not known. The earlier
mills were driven by water-wheels and wind-
mills, steam as a motive power being then un-
known. TheGreek and Roman writers, although
in their works referring to machines for sawing
stone and marble, make no mention of any ma-
chine for sawing wood, from which it may be
inferred that such machines did not exist in
their time. The first record we have of the saw-
mill in Europe is in reference to a mill erected
in Germany, on the river Boer, in the fourth
century. Beecher, in his ‘‘ History of Inven-
tions,” says that saw-mills were first introduced
in Europe in the seventeenth century, but it is
authoritatively given that such mills were to be
found working in Bavaria in 1337.

When the Infante Henry, of Portugal, sent
settlers to the Island of Maderia in 1420, he
ordered saw-mills to be erected there, for the
conversion into deals of the various kinds of ex-
cellent timber, with which that island abounded.
In 1427 the city of Breslau, in Prussia, possessed
a saw-mill which produced a yearly rent of three
marks. In 1490 the magistrates of Erfurt, a
town in Prussia Saxony, caused a saw-mill to be
erected in a forest in the neighborhood of their
town. Norway, which is covered with forests,
had the first saw-mill about the year 1530. The
sawing of timber by machines was then looked
upon as anew art, and because the exportation
of sawed timber was thereby increased, a deal
tithe was imposed by Christian ITI., in 1545.
In 1552 there was a saw-mill at Joachimsthal, in
Prussia, which, as we are told, belonged to Jacob
Gensen, mathematician. In 1555 the Bishop of
Ely, ambassador from Mary, Queen of England,
to the court of Roine, having seen a saw-mill in
the neighborhood of Lyons, thought it worthy
of his attention, and gave instructions to the
writer of his travels to make special and par-
ticular mention of it in his report to his royal
mistress. In the sixteenth century there were
in use mills with several saws, whereby logs of
timber could be sawed into deals and planks.

The original saw-mill consisted of a square
wooden frame in which the saws were stretched,
which frame, by the motion of a crank, was
caused to rise and fall on wooden uprights se-
cured to a suitable foundation. The log to be
cut was placed on a horizontal bed or carriage
sliding on the mill floor. The carriage was pro-
vided with a rack, worked by suitable gearing
in connection with a ratchet wheel and pawl, or

day are made on the samie principle, one of the
greatest improvements being the silent feed
wheel to work the feed motion, in place of the
oldfashioned ratchet wheel and click. With
the silent feed wheel the rate of feed can be
regulated to the greatest nicety, whereas the
ratchet feed could not be regulated to a less
grade than one tooth of the rachet wheel.

PENNSYLVANIA LOG LAW.

During the late heavy freshet thousands of
logs escaped from Lock Haven and Williams-
port boom, many of which were caught by indi-
viduals living along the river, or stranded fon
the islands and rocks on their way downward.
The law of 1812 provided that a compensation
of six cents be allowed for each log so captured
or found lying onone’s property. A supplement
to this law was published in 1855, which. pro-
vided that when a sufficient number of logs were
not caught to adequately compensate for the
time and trouble a reasonable amount should be
paid, equal to what would have been earned by
ordinary labor. Butit was discovered that dur-
ing the period of high water the owners of logs
sent them adrift above to be caught again in the
State of Maryland, where they were manufac-
tured into the various kinds of lumber, thus de-
priving the Pennsylvanians of the benefit of the
manufacturing lumber trade. To prevent this a
law was passed in 1866, prohibiting loose logs to
be transported on the Susquehanna and its
tributaries, and that all loose logs should be
bound together, and that all persons catching logs
floating loosely in the water were to be paid fifty
cents for each by the owner thereof. But there
was a proviso attached to the act: ‘‘ That this
act shall not apply to sawlogs now lying in the
said stream, nor to any case in which by reason
of high water, or from any other casualty, said
sawlogs may be swept out of the west branch
and Susquehanna booms.” It follows, then,
that as to all logs sent adrift by interested par-
ties, for the purpose of sending them to a market
outside the State, which are caught on their
downward way, the persons securing the same
are entitled to fifty cents each one; that all
logs which by accident, s@@h as the breaking
of a boom or otherwise go adrift, are te be paid
for according to the law of 1812, which is six
cents a piece, where a pumber are held, or when
a sufficient quantity has not been obtained to
pay for the time occupied in catching them a
reasonable compensation is to be allowed those
who bring them ashore.

also predicted that Oregon lumber will supply | the development of artificial life, and the most click, and so arranged that at the up stroke of

ATTENTION is being called to the superior
the markets on Montana, Dakota, and even perfect use and economy of the raw material, the swing frame the click slipped over a certain | quality of the pine timber grown in the northern
0. This authority further says that

number of the teeth of the ratchet wheel. Dur- | districts of America to that which comes from
4 few years the mountains, where the ing the down stroke of the swing frame the click | the more southerly States. It is stated to be of
" supply is to be found, will be penetrated Burvock Buoop Birrers cures scrofula, erysipe- turned the ratchet wheel, and with it the rack | slower growth, and consequently better ma-

such a conclusion would be hasty and immature.

all directions and at all points, and the lum-| las, salt rheum, piles, and all humors of the blood.

ber will be run ont on tramways, or driven down

the #treams; and that in ten years from now

ye

Cures dyspepsia, liver complaint, biliousness, consti
pation, dropsy, kidney complaints, headache, nervous-
ness, fernale weakness, and general debility,

gearing, thereby traversing the rack carriage
with the log on it.
A large number of the saw-mills of the present

tured, mellower, and of a finer texture, and the
goods manufactured from it are said to give
greater satisfaction,

OUR QUEBEC LETTER,

THE DEMAND FOR TIMBER AND DEALS,—THE
WEEK’S SALES.—PRESENT PRICES.—OAK IN
DEMAND.—AUCTION PRICES.—THE SUPERIOR-

SHIP OF CULLERS.

QurseEc, August 8.—It is satisfactory to note
that since the date of my last letter to the Lum-
BERMAN prices have been steadily maintained,
and the demand has increased for almost every

kind of wood in and out of the market.
WHITE PINE.

White pine in particular is in good request,
owing to the large quantity stuck up the Ottawa,
which cannot possibly reach Quebec this season.
Prices for this wood are very satisfactory, and
higher than even the most sanguine could have

expected some short time since.

Within the last few days a raft of white pine
containing about 100,000 feet, 49 feet average,
has been sold for 27 cents, with a parcel of red
about 36 feet average, which fetched 18} cents.
Another raft of Kippewa timber, 45 feet aver-
age, containing some 85,000 to 90,000 feet of
white pine and 20,000 red has been sold, the
former at 28 cents, and the latter at 18}. A
third raft of mixed white and red has been sold
at 20 cents for the white, 38 feet average, and
Another
lot of Kippewa white pine has been sold for 32
A few smaller lots
have changed hands at 27 to 31 cents for 48 to
A remarkably fine raft, which
arrived last week from the Kippewa, is held at
There are several more rafts under
offer at this monient, and further sales will

13 cents for the red, 27 feet average,
cents, 49 to 50 feet average.
53 feet average.
38 cents.

doubtless be soon reported.

Messrs, R. R. Dobell & Co., of this city, have
recently purchased from David Moore, his whole
stock of red and white pine now stuck at Roche

a Captaine.

By the way, lumbermen will regret to learn
that Mr. Dobell is just now confined indoors

from the effect of a recent slight sunstroke.
AUCTION PRICES,

The saved portion of the Bristolian’s cargo,
wrecked on Anticosti, was sold here to-day by
The figures obtained are significant,
it being of course always remembered that
amounts paid at auction rarely reach the highest
The square pine, 3,000 feet, was
sold to J. B. Charleson for 124 cents, and re-sold
James Connolly
bought 16,000 feet board pine at 29 cents.
About 1,600 deals, thirds and fourths, were sold
to Jos. Archer, sen., at the rate of $34. The
pipe staves were sold to a local cooper for $151
were pur-

chased by J. B. Charleson, broker, for $34 per

auction.

market value.

to George King for 15 cents.

per mill, and about 1,400 w.o.w.i.

mill.
OAK,

The apparent combination to bear themarket
on oak has fallen through. One or two shippers
having run out of stock were forced to buy, and
the figures of late transactions compare favor-
Hold-

ably on the whole with last year’s prices.
ers and manufacturers’ agents, being in a posi-
tion to hold out for their own, purchasers have
gained nothing by holding back.

One very good dram of Canada oak, 55 feet,
culls out, has fetched 44 cents. Another com-
mon lot, measured off, one-third Michigan and

two-thirds Ohio, has been sold for 42 cents, a

price which the same quality would hardly have
brought last year.

For elm there is very little enquiry. Walnut
is in demand, but there is little or none offering.

Mr. E. J. Charlton, of the Upper Ottawa
contracting firm of Purpore & Charlton, shipped
to-day a large lofiof English dredging machinery
for deepening thé Upper Ottawa. The hull of
the vessel is building at Pembroke. When the
work is completed, there will be opened a new
stretch of navigationon the Upper Ottawa, of
ninety miles in length, passing through the Cul-
butte locks, of great importance to the lumber

trade.
THE SUPERVISORSHIP OF CULLERS.

The recent death of the late Mr. W. Quinn,
who for twenty-seven years held the office of
Supervisor of Cullers at Quebec, has called forth
an army of applicants for the office, principal
amongst whom are H. J. Chaloner, a confiden-
tial clerk in the office of Hon. Thos. McGreevy,
M.P., Government contractor, Mr. Jas. Patton
of tis city, a life long lumberman, and Mr,
John Poupore, M.P., of the Ottawa district,

‘THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

also a well known operator in lumber.

a properly qualified officer.

intended action.

similar views.

party services,
AUCTION SALE OF GOVERNMENT LANDS.

city of Government lands.

will probably be mineral lands.

WALNUT TREES.
To the Editor of the Toronto Evening News.

sive culture of the walnut.

ed them.

and was loaded with nuts every year.

Coon Farm.

rewarded for this hasty note on the subject.
Yours very truly,
A. BINGHAM.

Flies and Horses,
Dr.
Daily News :—‘*The incessant torment which

flies inflict upon horses during such hot weather

as we recently endured may not have occurred
to the minds of many. Though a minor misery,
yet it is so real that I venture to ask you to
allow me to describe a plan which I have found
thoroughly successful in preventing it altogether,
while perfectly harmless. It is simply the ap-
plication, before harnessing, of a mixture of one
part of crude carbolic acid with six or more parts
of olive ol. This should be rubbed lightly all
over the animal with a rag, and applied more
thickly to the interior of the ears and other parts
most likely to be attacked. This application
may need to be repeated in the course of the
day, but while any odour of the acid remains
the flies decline to settle, and the horse is com-
pletely free from all their annoyance. The ner-
vous, irritable state into which some horses get
from the attacks of these insects is also not an
infrequent cause of accidents, and these, there-
fore, may also beobviated. Whetherthe dreaded
tsetse of Eastern Africa would also fight shy of
similarly anointed animals I cannot say, but it
deserves a trial, and if successful would be an
incalculable boon. It might also prove obnox-
ious to mosquitoes, ,

It was
rumored some time ago that Mr. Quinn was to
have been superannuated and Mr. Chaloner
appointed in his stead. Deputations of leading
lumbermen both in Ottawa and Quebec imme-
diately waited upon the Government, and upon
Mr. McGreevy, M.P., who exercises a great deal
of the patronage of the Dominion Government
in this district, and protested energetically
against the selection for the position of any but
The Council of the
Quebec Board of Trade passed resolutions to a
similar effect, and the Government halted in its
To-day another deputation
has been selected amongst those interested in
the trade in this city, to wait up Hon. Messrs.
Langevin and Caron, the representatives of this
district in the Cabinet, and urge upon them
What the result will be cannot
yet be foreseen, though it would not seem prob-
able that the Government should desire to incur
the opposition of so important and influential a
section of the community as the lumbermen, by
making to this important office the appointment
of any unqualified party merely as a requital for

T have it from the highest sources that it is
the intention of the Hon. Commissioner of
Crown Lands for the Province of Quebec to hold
at no distant date another sale by auction in this
Instead of lumber-
ing limits, however, most of the lots to be offered

Sir,—I have, just read your comment on the
culture of the walnut tree, suggested by remarks
on the subject by the Zimes of Hamilton.
With your permission I give an instance of the
great benefit that might result from the exten-

In the spring of 1839 myself and a brother
transplanted two small walnut trees, which
were not two inches in diameter or ten feet in
height. They took root rapidly, and grew rapid-
ly, and some eight years ago I saw and measur-
One of them had a girth of 72 and
the other 65 inches, one foot from the ground.
Each had a fine trunk some 20 feet to the lower
limbs, and a fine spread of top of over 30 feet,
They
are now two as beautiful trees as can be met
with, and more valuable than beautiful, and can
be seen by any one passing over the Hamilton
and Caledonian plank road, about nine miles
south from Hamilton, on the late Bingham, now
You justly say it is as well to
plant valuable trees as any, and if these few
lines will be of any use in directing further
attention to walnut tree culture I will be amply

J. J. Ridge, of Enfield, writes to the

EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS,

June, and is as follows :-—

certain industries also.

attacked by insects.

is constantly on the increase.
mean yearly growth is about four meters.

by the following December.

height of from 20to 25 meters.

agreeable balsamic fragrance.

geria.
most serious consideration.

years ;
that period, or once in every twenty years.

It will be seen by this that the value of tim-
ber forests would be quintupled by the culture
of this tree.

roads, which now costs 8 franes in France, would

tus wood.

eucalyptus will grow the same post in five years,
these purposes.

are obliged to import much timber from Russia,
Sweden, Norway, and the United States.
culture of the eucalyptus would in time com-
pletely relieve us from having recourse to these
foreign sources of naval timber. All the masts,
hulls, and indeed the entire frame work of ships
can be made from this tree. All the wooden
vessels that now ply between Australia and
England are chiefly made of it. The whaling
vessels of Hobrat Town are made of this wood,
and throughout Australia it is extensively em-
ployed by carpenters, wagonmakers, wheel-
wrights, &c. A hectare of land, planted with
the eucalyptus in 6 meters between the trees,
well planted, they will have a diameter of 20
centimeters in three years, and a tree of this
dimension is very useful to mechanics and wheel-
wrights, and can be sold for over 5 frances each.
Thus the first cutting would produce 2,500 franes
per hectare. At eight years, the trees of such a
plantation would have acquired the dimensions
suitable for railroad purposes, aud each tree
would be worth 20 francs. A hectare of this
plantation would then be worth, according to
Mr. Frothier, 6,200 franes.

Large plantations of this tree could be made
rapidly to invade and cover swampy grounds,
more or less previously drained, and so change
its character as to entirely prevent the emana-
tion therefrom of noxious miasma. Such plan-
tations would prevent the direct action of the
sun’s rays upon the ground ; would extract any
excess of humidity from it, and would thus ab-
sorb all the elements of a parasitic and unhealthy
vegetation. Thus, on a ground formerly uneul-
tivated and pestilential, at the end of ten or
twelve years from the planting a strong, gener-

ous and health-giving forest might be

United States Consul John Wilson, of Brus-
sels, furnishes to the State department at Wash-
ington a translation of an article originally
published in France, descriptive of this Austra-
lian tree, which has attracted some attention in
this country, and if it possesses but half the
goodqualities claimed for it, it must be admirably
adapted to the treeless regions of southern Kan-
sas, Texas, and indeed all our prairie territory.
The article appears in the consular reports for

Nothing is more curious than this Australian
tree, yesterday nearly unknown in France, and
to-day on the point of producing a revolution in
the sylviculture in the south, and perhaps in
It developes with a pro-
digious rapidity, its wood is very hard and
resinous, and is neither affected by water nor

The eucalyptus. flourishes in the south of
France, especially in the Maritime Alps, were,
thanks to the efforts of Dr. Gimbert, its culture
At Cannes its
Seed-
lings a year old, planted in the month of May
in favorable ground, reach the height of 6 meters
Throughout all of
Southern France, if planted in good ground, the
eucalyptus in seven or eight years attains a
It is an elegant-
ly proportioned evergreen, and sheds a very

It is therefore of the highest importance to
draw the attention of sylviculturists and econ-
omists to this remarkable tree, for the replanta-
tion of the forests in Southern France and Al-
This is a source of wealth worthy of the

The ordinary timber trees in France are cut

from the forest, on an average, every hundred
the eucalyptus can be cut five times in

It has been calculated that a cross-tie for rail-
only cost from 1 to 2 francs if made of eucalyp-
An ordinary pine tree fit to furnish a telegraph
post of 6.50 meters high requires a growth of

thirty years, and costs 6.50 francs, whilst the

and from this it may be seen what an economy
must result from the growing of this tree for

It is well known that, in consequence of the
rapid extension of our naval construction, we

The

Intermittent fevers.do not exist where
eucalyptus grows, and travellers think
Australia owes much of the. salle
climate to the fact that so much of her te
is covered with this tree,

Mr. Gimbert strongly recommends the +
tation of the eucalyptus in certain region
Spain, the treeless plains around Rome,
vicinity of Poestum, the deltas of the Va
coast of Corsica, &c., which are during
season humid, and vente the seat of in
fevers. _

The eucalyptus contains an essence wh
easily extracted, and of which Dr. Gi nk
shown the happy medical propertie
essence has, among others, the proper!
febrifuge, anti-spasmodic. Mr. Gimb
at Cannes, was the physician of P
mee, tells us that the illustrious write
years used cigarettes of eucal
they always calmed his asthmatic oppre

These facts speak for themselves,
being necessary for us to add anything far
The eucalyptus is a precious conquest, of ¥ 1
we must now try to profit.

IMPROVED BAND LOG SAW MILL,

The last issue of the Scientific American e
tains the following description of a new bs
saw-mill which is now, being built by a firm
American wood-machinery builders for the p
pose of securing greater economy in the mar
facture of sawlogs, especially those of the
valuable woods. It says :—The machine p
except the carriage, is mounted on a hea’
iron sole plate, which sustains and supports:
the operative parts. The operator, wi
changing his position, has entire control of th
mill, and can start or stop it, change the fee
or vary the direction of the carriage at will. —
is massive and substantial, wheels 72 inches i
diameter, and arranged so the saw can be mad
to run on any portion of the wheel almost i
stantly. The guides—upper and lowe:
those peculiar to all of the Fay & Co. ma
having a wheel to receive the back thrust of th
saw, and lateral supporting slide guides or pack-
ing plates to suit the thickness of the saws ; the
upper guide is also so arranged that it can be_
raised or lowered instantly to any desired size of
log, and yet will always remain im a true verti-
cal line with the lower one—a very important
feature. The carriage head blocks and set works
are the most improved known. The log is set
with the greatest ease and convenience, and w:
unerring accuracy. The set works are 2 g
to be operated in the most expeditious manner.
The carriage runs on friction rolls. The side
supports are arranged so as always to secure
even thickness of the last board. Rests at ti
same distances apart as the side supports
a decided advantage over ordinary millsin edg
up boards and splitting plank into scantling.

The nearness together of blocks saves
change of moving of head blocks in sawing log
of different lengths. No calculation is require
to leave the last board of the desired thickness

The operator and assistant stand at the side
of the carriage, where logs can be easiest handle
and where the proper set, when slabbing, can b
determined. The position of the sawyer has th
further advantage of enabling him to cut diffe
ent grades of lumber in the same log inte th
most suitable dimensions.

A single improved dog quickly operated b
securely any size of logs until nearly finished
Sliding dogs can be quickly applied to hold th
last board without tearing or otherwise injarin
the lumber. ?

The carriage can be run close to the
the mill building. Every part isamost thoroug
ly constructed, and the working parts are
readily accessible. The blade is usually
inches wide and No. 18 gauge, and remove
kerf of one-sixteenth of an inch,

The enormous saving in lumber over ¢
saw-mills by this machine we leave te our read:
ers to compute, feeling it will be worth th
most careful investigation. i: -

pa

Paper pulp made from sawdust is to be ser

to England from Welland, Ont. It will be tried
at an English factory, and the paper sold
experiment. If successful, several ae
will start a factory at that place.

.

THE CANADA

MILK AS FOOD FOR INVALIDS.

The value of milk as food for invalids is now
so generally recognized that we believe our read-
ers, both professional and non-professional, will
thank us for condensing the following practical
suggestions concerning its use from an article in
the New York Medical Record, by Dr. James D.
Trask :—

The most common objection offered to the use
of milk is that it produces ‘“‘biliousness.” In
many instances this is due to a disregard of the
fact that milk ought to be looked upon as an
article of food, and not asa mere drink ; con-
sequently, to secure its perfect digestion, it
should be always taken at one of the regular
meals, or at a point as near as practicable mid-
way between two meals, when something is
required to bridge over this interval. Bread
and milk eaten together, by both children and
adults, being agreeable to the palate, is often
hurriedly swallowed and in excessive quantities,
and indigestion is the consequence.

Again, since modern chemistry has taught us
the important part taken by the saliva in the
preparation of all starch foods for digestion, we
have a ready explanation of the failure of the
stomach to digest bread that has been swallowed
with milk without previous mastication. * *
When milk is given to either children or adults
with feeble digestion, the bread should be first
thoroughly mixed with the fluids of the mouth
and swallowed by the child or invalid before the
milk is taken ; the young child must be watched
as it eats, mouthful by mouthful, until the proper
habit is formed.

The digestibility of milk depends, in many
instances, upon the temperature at which it is
taken into the stomach. This is particularly
true in cases of nervous prostration. The
digestive organs of these persons are almost in-
variably weak, and the temperature at which
milk is ingested will determine whether it shall
be gratefully received and readily digested, or,
on the other hand, prove a source of discomfort.

On reflection it will at once appear that food,
on being taken into the stomach, must first of
all be warmed up to the temperature of the
stomach, and this at the expense of vital heat.
To raise a half pint of milk thirty or forty de-
grees involves the waste of considerable animal
heat. This in a healthy person with vigorous
digestion may not only be disregarded, but may
be agreeable in its effects; but it is far other-
wise with him whose digestive organs, under any
of the depressing influences productive of ner-
vous exhaustion, are taxed to their utmost to
furnish fresh supplies of enriched blood to the
enfeebled nervous centres. In these cases, milk
at ordinary temperatures will be felt as a cold,
foreign body long after it is swallowed, and its
ingestion will probably be followed by acidity
and headache. It is manifestly far more econ-
omical of vital force, in these cases, to heat the
food upon the kitchen range, rather than in the
patient’s stomach.

These remarks are especially applicable to the
use of food by such persons in cold weather. In
summer, when the temperature of the atmos-
phere and surrounding objects approximates
that of the human body, drinks may be gener-
ally taken without being first artificially heated.
On the return of cold weather the stomach again
becomes conscious of the additional duty im-
posed upon it, and artificial heating again be-
comes necessary. * * *

Mauch has been said of the value of external
heat as 2 vital stimulant. Few, however, seem
righlty to appreciate the value of heat introduced
into the system as a vital restorative. No more
acceptable mode of accomplishing this can be
devised than the drinking of hot milk. Milk
heated to much above 100° F. loses for the time
a degree of its sweetness and its density. No
one who, fatigued by over-exertion of body or
mind, has ever experienced the reviving influ-
ence of a tumbler of this beverage, heated as hot
as it can be sipped, will willingly forego a resort
to it because of its having been rendered some-
what less acceptable the palate. The prompt-
ness with which its cordial influence is felt is
indeed surprising. Some portion of it seems to
be digested and appropriated almost immedi-
ately ; and many who now fancy they need
alcoholic stimmlants when exhausted by fatigue,
find in thie simple draught an equivalent that
shall be abundantly satisfying, and far more en-

x ow t mh OR

during in its effects.
The following statement is a gratifying con-
firmation of the value of these suggestions :—
A lady, whose nervous system had been severely
overtaxed by the supervision of a large school
for girls, and whose digestion had become seri-
ously impaired, went to Europe for her health.
She eventually consulted Sir Thomas K, Gham-
bers, and in answer to his inquiries stated that
she had made repeated attempts to take milk of
ordinary temperature as an article of food, but
it had never been tolerated. At the suggestion
of Dr. Chambers she began to drink it after
being heated, in the ‘same quantities as before.
This proved the turning point in her case. The
heated milk was well borne, and her convales-
cence dated from that time. :

Orillia House,
ORILLIA.

New and Commodious Brick Building ; best north o
Toronto; splendid sample rooms ; centrally located ;
free ’bus. b20 JOHN KELLY, Proprietor.

The Queen's Hotel,

: TORONTO, CANADA.

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors. Patronized by
Royalty and the best families. Prices graduated ac-
cording to room. b20

St. Lawrence Hall,

PORT HOPE.
Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on

ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.
b26 WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. lyul5

Queen’s Hotel,

BRACEBRIDGE.

JOHN HIGGINS, Proprietor. The proprietor (late
of Georgetown,) having lately purchased the above
hotel,) will endeavor to make it one of the best houses
in the District of Muskoka. Tourists and hunting par-
ties will receive every possible attention. Free ’bus to
and from steamboat wharf. Terms, $1 per day. b20

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT.

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.

fz Every accommodation for Commercial and

LUMBERMEN.
W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

L14
Fraser's Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free ’bus to and from trains and
steamboats. b26

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER.
L12-Ly

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY

(ESTABLISHED 1856.)

i Coke si.

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOPCEDICAL
INSTRUMENTS. ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. 119-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.

TRUSSES.

iy) CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
sy 111 attachments improved. No more
Sy buckles, all on solid brass casting.
YJ 00k onruptureand human frame free,

Send address in full post card, Best
a true information about rupture and
deformities. CHAS, CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
118} King Street west, Toronto. 12113

ay ey 2 CONE. 8 (CoG

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BELTING

a s“*First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ........0..s..+s Ottawa, 1875

é \ First Prize, Provincial Exhibition............. Hamilton, 1876
Na: } First Prize, Provincial Exhibition...... ......... London, 1877 §
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ................ Toronto, 1879 &
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ............... Toronto, 1880 ®

International Medal, Centennial Ex...,.... Philadelphia, 1876

al

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and discounts.
6L17

81 Colborne Street, Toronto.

if}

=
TF
i=

TN,

The QUEEN'S HOTEL, TORONTO, CANADA

McGAW & WINNETT, Proprietors.

[fF Patronized by Royalty and the best families. Prices gradulated according torooms, b20

4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

USE OF NATURAL WOOD v. PAINTING.

As Sir Roger de Coverley would say when he
wished to dodge a question, ‘‘much might be
said on both sides,” but Mr. Gardener states the
whole subject so felicitously, says the American
Furniture Gazette, that we will let him present
his views somewhat at length :—

To answer according to the spirit of your in-
quiry, I should say by all means (if you do not
mind the cost) use wood instead of putty. With
all respect for white paint and striped paint and
all other kinds of paint, there is nothing more
enduringly satisfying than the natural tint and
grain of the different kinds of wood suitable for
building, of which we have such great variety in
style and color, from the over-estimated black
walnut to the rarely-used white pine, rarely used.
without having its natural beauty extinguished
by three coats of paint. What I wish to say is,
that finishing your woodwork without paint does
not necessarily require the said wood to be of
the kinds commonly called hard. Any wood
that is not specially disposed to warp, and that
can be smoothly wrought, may be used. There
are several important points to be religiously
observed if you leave the wood, whatever the
variety, in its unadorned beauty. It must be
the best of its kind; it must be seasoned to its
inmost fibre ; it must be wrought skilfully, ten-
derly cared for, and, finally, filled and rubbed

KEEWATIN MILLS.

These mills are situated on the line of the
Canadian Pacific Railway, at the outlet of the
Lake of the Woods into the Winnipeg river.
Their water power is equal to anything on this
continent. There is always a fall of eighteen
feet, and sometimes more, if the water is high.
A channel was formed for the passage of the
water from the main lake into a depression
which forms a small lake, at the outlet of which
the mills were erected, and after driving the
turbines the water falls into Darlington Bay of
the Winnipeg river. <A gate at the outlet into
the small lake or reservoir keeps the amount of
water perfectly under, control, and may be closed
entirely if necessary for repairs, leaving the mill
quite dry, and keeping them in the winter free
from ice.

The buildings were erected in the fall of 1879,
and everything completed for the season’s cut-
ting at 1880. The main building is 120 feet long
by 36 in width, and is three stories high. The
lower storey contains five turbine water wheels
and shafting required to drive the machinery
above. The second storey contains three shingle
machines, a bolter and lath machine, slab cutter
and planing machiue. The upper storey or saw
floor contains one large circular for dimension
stuff, two slash saws, one double stock gang, one
double edger, one trimmer and two log ways,

‘«There is no meaner occupation for the human
mind than the imitation of the stains and strize
of wood and marble. The grainer must think
of what he is doing, and veritable attention and
care, and occasionally considerable skill, are
consumed in the doing of a more absolute noth-
ing than I can name in any other department of
painful idleness, I know not anything so hu-
miliating as to see a human being with arms and
limbs complete, and apparently a head, and as-
suredly a soul, yet into the hands of which when
you have put a brush and a palette, it cannot do
anything with them but imitate a piece of wood.
It cannot color; it has noideaof color. It can-
not draw ; it has no idea of form. It cannot
caricature ; it has no idea of humor.”

Kastlake says his say about it as follows :—
“Tt is an objectionable and pretentious” deceit,
which cannot be excused even on the grounds
of economy. In the last century, when English
oak and Spanish mahogany could be procured at
a reasonable price, the grainer’s work was, of
course, unneeded. In modern days the usual
substitute for those now expensive woods is deal ;
but deal is so soft and absorbent in its fibre that
it quickly becomes soiled, and in most situa-
tions, especially when exposed to the air, it soon
requires painting. But why should we paint it
in imitation of oak? Everybody can see at a
glance that it is not oak, and, as far as appear-

_ forms at this point one of the finest water pe

z-

on the continent, and which will build up
large manufacturing centre, supplying the prai
ies of the west with various kinds of manu

tured articles.—The Progress, Rat Portage, Kee
watin.

Monster Locomotives.
The Rhode Island locomotive works are no}
at work on ten monster freight locomotives fo
the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad
and have furnished two which will be
to Albuquerque, New Mexico. The loce
tives, when in running order, will weigh
tons each, and the tanks have a cap
3,500 gallons of water. The tenders w
tons each. The length of the locomotive of
all is 60 feet. The cylinders are 20 inches
diameter, with 26 inch stroke. There are fo
pairs of couple drivers 50 inches in diame
and one four wheel truck. The fire box is t
feet long and 434 inches wide. The
58 inches in diameter, wagon top, and conta
200 24-inch tubes. There are a set of
gauge cocks for the fireman located at the b
head of the boiler, and another set for
engineer, inside the cab. The tops of the cat
of these locomotives are higher than the smok
stacks of the engines used on the railroads here
abouts. The height of the smokestacks fre
the top railing is sixteen feet six inches. Lith

ompany
ae

poLie

till it wears a surface that is not liable to soil, is
easily cleaned, resists the action of moisture, and

will grow richer with age.

Hence, I say, by all means finish with un-
painted wood, if you are not afraid of the ex-
pense ; and yet paint and varnish are good, and
putty, like charity, covereth a multitude of sins.
Nothing protects wood better than oil and lead,
and by means of them you have unlimited choice
of colors, in the selection and arrangement of
which there is room and need for genuine artistic
Yes, good honest paint is worthy the
When it tries to improve upon
Nature’s divine methods and callsitself ‘‘ grain-
ing,” it becomes unmitigated nonsense,—yes, and
It is one of the sure evidences of man’s

taste.
utmost respect.

worse.
innate perversity that he persists in trying to
copy certain beautiful lines and shading in wood,
not as an art study, but for actual use, when he
may just as well have the perfect original as his
own faulty imitation.
blindness, what impudence this reveals! What
downright falsehood! Not in the painter—oh
no ! skill iscommendable even when unworthily
employed,—but in him who ordersit. You may
buy a pine door, which is very well; pine doors
are good ; you tell every man that comes into
your house it’s black walnut, or oak, or mahog-
any. If this is not greeting him with lying lips
and a deceitful heart, the moral law is not as
clear as it ought to be. You may think it is of
no consequence—certainly not worth making a
fuss about—but I tell you this spirit of sham
that pervades our whole social structure, that
more and more obtrudes itself in eyery depart-
ment of life, comes from the bottomless pit, and
will carfy us all thither, unless we resist it, even
in these milder manifestations, as we would re-
sist the Father of Lies himself. Truth and false-
hood are getting so hopelessly confused that we
can scarcely distinguish one from the other.

One other suggestion in this connection.
Without either painting or graining you may get
a most satisfactory effect, both in looks and
utility, by staining the less costly kinds of woods,
using a transparent stain that will not conceal,
but strengthen the natural shading, and at the
' same time change its tint according to your
fancy. This is an honest and economical expe-
dient. It only requires that your lumber shall
be sound, tolerably clear—a good hard knot isn’t
alarming—seasoned, and put up with care. The
cost is less than common painting, and the effect
as much better than graining as nature’s work
is more perfect than ours. .

From the consideration of painting, per se, we
naturally glide to the question of graining or
deceptive painting, which Ruskin has just de-
clared inadmissible. And here we may say that
however much they may be at variance on other
points, there is substantial accord among art
writers in condemning graining. Mr. Gardener
has had his tilt at it in the extract already given,
and Ruskin pounces upon it with all his pugna
cious virulence ;

What conceit, what

treatment which would be far more effective,”

The White Water of the Arabian Sea.

known as the ‘

occur.

in the presence of that orb.

time, 1 a.m.

at the rate of fourteen or fifteen knots an hour,
Suddenly we discover a light hue in the water,

which ina short while assumes a snow white
aspect, and in the caurse of a quarter of an hour
The

extends to the horizon in all directions.
transformation of the water is perfect, the
usually green color of the sea having been re-
placed by an appearance of whiteness like that
of milk, And yet if you draw a bucketof water
for inspection or analysis, you will find that it
is beautifully clear, and not a vestige of any-
thing white being visible; nor can the micros-
cope discover anything over and above the ordi-
nary quantity of minute life always present in
sea water within the tropics.

“The deception seems to me to admit of easy
explanation, it being the result simply of reflec-
tion of color, The vessel in passing through a
light, misty atmosphere, inappreciable to the
eye while within its influence; and the white
watery vesicles held in suspension are in some
favorable condition of air and water, reflected
on the surface of thelatter.”—Chambers’ Journal.

LTS

DysrErsiA.—Strenthen your digestion—tone the
stomach for utilizing and assimilating every atom of
food you take; the body needs it for strength and
vigor. Zopesa cleanses the entire system, stimulates
the Liver, keeps you regular, and able to eat ten-penny
nails. Letters and postal cards come in daily, telling
of cures and help frem Zopesa, from Brazil. Positive

proof of the health and vigor it gives in a ten cent

sample. Ask your druggist.
pba ESS
THEY ALL DO 1t.—Eyerybody uses ‘'TRARERRY” for
the teeth and breath, the newest, brightest, c osiest
little toilet gem extant, Try a 5 cent sample.

ance is concerned, there are many modes of

With reference to the phenomenon of what is
white water” of the Arabian
Sea, a correspondent writes as follows :—‘‘ If
the call of duty or pleasure should at any time
induce any of your readers to undertake the
overland journey to India, they must not fail
to give instructions t6 be called from bed should
the nocturnal phenomenon of the ‘ white water ’
Tt is more frequently seen in the months
of July and August, and is principally confined
to a narrow belt to the eastward of the Island
of Socotra, known in the charts of that sea as
the Line of the Strongest Monsoon, and wherein
the rain clouds on quitting Central Africa on
their passage eastward are apparently confined.
Should the moon be above the horizon, an un-
easy night’s rest may be anticipated, as the
writer has never known the phenomenon to ocour

“To give thé reader some idea of this remark-
able and striking appearance, we will suppose
ourselves in a steamer, about two hundred and
fifty miles to the eastward of Socotra, in the
position named. and in the latter end of July;
The monsoon is blowing strongly
and steadily—the night, starlight and clear—a
light fleecy scud occasionally passing rapidly to
the eastward, and the good vessel bowing along

all fitted with the latest improvements and con-
veniences. There is also within the walls an
iron lathe and other machinery and tools re-
quired for making repairs, so that when break-
ages occur no time will be lost in waiting for the
necessary repairs. Ona level with the upper
floor is a very large platform for temporary
storing, hauling away, etc. The other buildings
are an office, two storehouses, blacksmith shop,
boarding house, to hold fifty, residence, five
tenement houses, stables, ete.

The present capacity of the mills is 800,000
feet of lumber, 90,000 shingles, and 35,000 lath
per day, which will be increased as required.
The piling ground is situated between the mills
and the track of the Canadian Pacific Railway,
and is very convenient, there being room for
about 6,000,000 feet of lumber with railway
switch running through it. The platform of the
mills extends out to the switch connection with
the main track of the railway, placing them in | impossible until the building, with all the ma-
excellent position for shipping. From 8 to 10| chinery, was entirely consumed. Efforts were
carloads of lumber per week have been sent to | directed to saving the large quantity of lumber
Winnipeg since the commencement of this sea- | and shingles in the yard, but the flames spread
son’s cut. About 6,000.000 feet of lumber will | with such rapidity that this was difficult. Quite
be manufactured this season, for which there is | a lot of lumber was burned, with five hundi
a ready market at good prices. About seventy-| bundles of shingles. The building and m:
five to one hundred men are steadily employed | chinery was insured for about $4,500 in
in the mills during the summer and getting out | Waterloo Mutual, Saugeen Mutual, and Unie
logs during the winter. Wages range from $40| Insurance Companies. Estimated loss ove
to $60 per month, without board. These mills | $12,000.
are owned by the Keewatin Lumber Company,
and are conducted under the efficient manage-
ment of Mr. John Mather, the largest stock-
holder. The timber limits of the company are
all the islands of the Lake of the Woods, as well
as a number on the shores of the lake, and are
easily accessible by their powerful tug, which is
used for towing the logs to the mills. This is
one of the many institutions which will event-
ually occupy the narrow neck of land which

hard or soft coal can be burned. These loc
motives, compared with the largest eigh
wheeled engines built at the Locomotive Work
look like giants. Thesmokestacks and whist
had to be removed, in order to allow the eng
to pass under the bridges, and there is som
doubt as to whether they will pass under all the
bridges with the cabs in position. The com
pany are also bnilding fifty of their
eight-wheeled engines for the Milwaukee ai
St. Paul Railroad.

_ Fire in a Saw-Mill.

Movnt Forest, July 30.—Between four
five o’clock this morning a fire broke out in th
large saw-mill owned by Messrs. Martin & Son
of this town, and in a few minutes the enti
building, including the stave, heading and
mills, were in flames. The mill was situate
about a mile from the town, rendering assistance

Some four or five millions of logs taken out i
the Red Lake county in the United S
tributary to the Red River, are being fi
down the latter stream to Winnipeg, where th:
have been sold to Canadian manufacturers
lumber.

Burpock Bioop Brrrers cures all diseases of
blood, liver and kidneys, female complaints, ne

ys, .
and general debility, and builds up the entire syste
when broken down by disease.

COMPARATIVE TABLE
SHOWING STOCK OF TIMBER AND DEALS IN LIVERPOOL ON JUNE 30TH, 1880 AnD 1881, AND 4
THE CONSUMPTION FOR THE MONTH OF JUNE, 1880 AND 1881.

Consumption | Consumption @
Stock, June s0th,| Stock, June soth|for the month the month & @
1880. 1881. June, 1880. June, 188
= ee ——— —
prebeco" Square’ PIM’. oo sec ee wenccntecs 211,000 ft. 421,000 ft. ) > |
om Waney Board...... Siecle wee 77,000 « 170,000 “ j eo a
St. Mohn Mines cae. ae ce cmos c+ noes See 56,000 ‘ 3,000 <* 13,000 “* |
Other Parts Pine see eh oek u ec dc woes comes 10,000 “« 39,000 “* 2,000 “*
Pitch) Pin6Whownrs. wcamecnnsivans eres ecee nes 451,000 ‘ 757,000 ‘ 173,000 “* 5
« RAVEDE. ceieenee <5 ee *seqe tions 261,000 ‘ 471,000 * 140,009 “*
ae MIADEBUs cscs cake teks Sie a4 20,000 ‘* $5,000 ** 21,000 **
Red TPinGrr,. ds weuseeieaies ba« Whcudericas seein — 38,000 “* —
Dantal eo. Min <cacun weciccachetencehicee 302,000 ‘ 124,000 ‘* 121,000 “*
Sweden and Norway Fir. ........cc.eeeeeees 2,000 “ 9,000 “ 1,000 **
Oak; Canadian tc .sccus cucscemusbcunaconceuee 227,000 “ 337,000 “* 40,000 “*
SS APIQNEB? Ee ene ssh Rcteu care ankearkhe oma — 142,000 ** —
©) Baltios ...5.. Sens Somane uc chee eRcwanee 44,000 <« 90,000 8,000 <* |
imacaccics wdasne teks cmeuneee seek te eeeen Cae 19,000 * 27,000 ‘* 2,000 “*
BS incre os -ccunie es Mokinws treeion Oe CSN os TUN AC ES 1,000 “ §,000 ‘* —
PBUPOH ye c'seie sce aoa tsincuas cee eee ee eRIoeeee $4,000 “ 100,000 “* 55,000 “ |
CEREHNDOSTE «oc vets unis ducteie sade Cote es Caneetets 91,000 “ 000 6,000 “*
East India Teak..........00e Ss EVR 59,000 8,000 “ 20,000 “* |
Races gpruce ssi licscsvatectavassecce f bMS stds] 6980 stds] 3,102 stds )
N. B. & N, S. Spruce Deals. .... So) SOA 11,992 “ 13,658 “* ‘ |
“ Pine Et Oe 1,179 ** $79 “ 71a =
Balto Dealyy W.ccicss vcuneaceeueneeeleee sac 2,023 “ > 458) * 456 “
fw UBOATes) Sian ee tee ea ae eee eNO dak 870 “ 300 “ 1%
“ Flooring Boards....... Ree eR eecoeN 3,024 “ $,652 ** 639 **

‘THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.,

BOARD OF TRADE RETURNS. manufactured this year and last was probably
An account of the wood imports into the | greater in the Mississippi valley than on Lake
United Kingdom during thé month ended June | Michigan—though there has been some increase

30th, 1881, and in the six itionths ended June in the latter also—which accounts for the show-
30th, 1881. ing which a comparison of the totals in the last
, y

named district makes. In this, the total stock

MONTH ENDED 30TH JUNE. ‘

QUANTITY. VALUE. | on hand is approximately the same as it was a

Timber (Hewn). Loads, £ year ago. We have here still stronger evidence
ain ‘and Norway..... at 29630 ue of what the trade has been this season ; for there

TMANY+++-++.s ee ces terre 20,430 68,102 | was 94,173,492 feet more lumber on hand to be-

et: en 133300 | gin with than was available in 1880, and the

aaa ee —-— | production, taking the Chicago receipts as a

ee is) eat ag ae he wea up A the middle of the aie about
Timber (Sawn or Split, 5 ’

Planed or Dressed.) sixteen per cent. greater than last season. If
eee oo igorigs | the business in this city may be regarded as
British North America...... 74,593 176.786 | fairly representing the trade of the whole dis-
‘Other Countries...........- ee _ 160,183 | trict, which is not an unfair assumption, since

MeatAlapereric ss) <x \<'o\s «ies 251,323 621,906 | the bulk of all the lumber produced therein
{Staves (all sizes)..........-- 7,429 ~~ 38,004 reaches the consumer throu gh the Chicago yards,
“Mahogany (tons).......+++0+ 1,923 16,461 | we may say that the difference in the sales of
Seed ot Hewn and Sawn... .* £15,810 987,806 | the two years amounts to fully the percentage

SIX MONTHS ENDED 30TH JUNE.

E QUANTITY. VALUE.
Tiniber (Hewn). Loads, £
BERISSIG, 20002 ens crcascecess- 62,131 127,716
SSweden ané Norway.. ..... 249,403 364,982
WGermany.,..sceecececeseeers 92,023 293,586
British North America..... 11,018 45,902
ther Countries............ 294,427 865,543
OAR wisciatas ~fe slam ~-~ 709,002 1,697,751
Timber (Sawn or Split,
Planed or Dressed.)
BESEPRED. 2 alcisin a cine eals ale clele 87,588 181,009
Sweden and Norway...... 657,838
British North America : 303,943
Other Countries.......++.-- 631,543
Total. c20 cccecses 1,774,333
Staves (all sizes).......+205 217,843
Mahogany (tons)........... 2 146,131
Total of Hewn and Sawn... .1,394,028 - 3,472,084

WESTERN SUPPLIES.

The Northwestern Lumberman, of the 23rd
July, gives what it believes-to be a tolerable
corréct estimate of the relative supply of lumber
in stock at the points named on the 1st of July,
as follows s—

LUMBER ON HAND JULY 1.

: District. 1881, 1880.

_ Mississippi Valley........ 708,117.963 596,728, 202
Lake Michigan..........- 587,741,329 584,346,419
E, Mich. and Lake Erie.. 554,800,000 497,930,000
Miscellaneous points..... 59,000,000 62,000,000

Total........-+++e-1,909,659,292 1,741,004,162

The Lumberman then goes on to say :—It may
surprise agood many to find that the Mississippi
river district, which includes nearly all the interi-
-or Wisconsin points, with the exception of Osh-
kosh and Fond du Lac, shows an increase of 111,-

. 389,761 feet over the amount in pile at the same
‘date last year. There is no real reason, how-
‘ever, why it should. It will be remembered,we
,presume, that the inventory taken on the first
of January revealed the fact that there was then
amexcess in thestock as compared with that of
the preceding year of 168,560,272 feet. It is
true that the trade of this year has been larger
than it was in 1880, but is it not also true that
the production has been greater? We think it
is, unquestionably. The mills were somewhat
later in starting, but they escaped the reduction
in their cut that was occasioned last year by the
treshet, and no one will dispute that the time
Jost at the beginning of the season is not so valu-
able, and does not represent the same reduction
_m the product, as the same amount taken from
iu + after the mills are fairly under way. More-
5 er, the mills this year have all been operated
p to their capacity, and with the capacity ma-

5 “ally greater than it was ever before, and with

lo, s supply fully equal to it, we are justified in
wimg that the net result up to the first instant

the way of lumber manufactured was consider-

ly la wgerjthan it was a year ago, or, indeed,
than it ever was before. On this ground we
ink the imcrease, large as it is, is susceptible
a sim ple and reasonable explanation. The
act that itis no greater becomes, when we con-
eritin the light of these circumstances, the
kind of evidence of a trade that has been
chive beyond any precedent lumbermen can
fory ard. With an increased supply to

increase 4 production of an indefinite, but

presumably very large amount, a difference in

stock July 1 of only 111,389,761 feet is re-

¢, and proves beyond question that the

“and for lumber for the first six months of
the year was the greatest ever known.

The difference in the quantity of lumber

just named.

168,654,671 feet. This is apparently large,

though really very small, being in fact a gain of

only alittle more than ten per cent.

It is worth noticing that the percentage of in-

crease in the stock, as compared with last year,

was twenty-two and a fraction, January 1, or
more than double what it was on the first of
July. This is sufficient proof that the excess in

the supply is not what it should be.
And in its issue of the 30th ult. the Lumber-
man has the following with regard to the
LOG SUPPLY :

Secured. Doubtful. Hung up.

District.

Mississippi Valley .1,899,000,500 189,000,000 116,000,000

Lake Superior.... 150,000,000 19,000,000. ........
Lake Michigan... .1,865,500,000 111,000,000 40,000,000
Eastern Michigan. 1,705,750,000 136,500,000 32,000,000

Wolf River....... 115,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000

Total ........ 5,735,450,000 466,000,000 198,000,000
The most noticeable feature of the foregoing
statement is the smallness of the amount of logs
hung up. According to the footings in the last
table, there are only 198,000,000 feet of logs in
allthe streams enumerated, and only 466,000, -
000 feet that are regarded as doubtful. It is in
respect to these two items that the Lumberman
is inclined to question the accuracy of the re-
ports, though it may be that the situation is
exactly as they representit to be. At all events,
we shall not be very much surprised if at the
end of the season it is reported that more logs
are still back in the streams than the above

tables show.
eet

Absence of Trees on Prairies.

A curious and interesting explanation of the
absence of trees on the great western prairies
was given at the meeting of the Academy of
National Sciences by Mr. Thomas Meehan.
Numberless theories have been advanced by the
students in natural history why the great feed-
ing grounds of the buffalo should be without
vegetation, the principle on which is supported
by distinguished authors as being that of clima-
tic influences. Mr. Meehan’s theory is that
the absence of trees is due to artificial causes
altogether. Taught by their necessities, the
early Indians made it a practice annually to fire
the high grass of the prairies, which had the
effect of making the growth more luxuriant and
consequently more inviting to the vast herds of
buffalo, on which the aborigines depended chiefly
for sustenance. It has béen conclusively set-
tled that no vegetation, save the hardy prairie
grass, will appear on ground over which fire has
swept until another season, so that the yearly
prairie fires extended the area of the plateau
until they became almost measureless. Mr.
Meehan cited several instances where trees have

grown when the firing has been discontinued.

Zorrss,—A healthy man never thinks of his
stomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkable
compound for clensing and toning the system, for
assisting the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
properly perform their duties in assimilating food.
Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of
your druggist. A few doses will surprise you.

ess

A Positive Fact.—It is now established beyond con-
troversy that Dr. FowLer’s Extract OF WILD STRAW-
BERRY ig the most perfect cure for all forms of bowel
complaints, including cholera morbus, dysentry, colic,
cholera infantum, nausea, canker of the stomach and
bowels, piles, etc. Beware of opiates and poisoning
drugs, that only check for a time and produce inflam-
pron Witp SrRawBeERRY ig safe and certain in its
¢ A

The increase in the total stock on hand is

Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention tomy WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Tron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contzins six 10-inch holes, with ample ¥oom between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 2,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twotovens, each 16
x 24x26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used My Wrpught Iron Cook Stoves sinee I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880:
AvaM Hatt, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and haye no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove 1 hare ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.
Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June 1st, 1880.
Apam HAtt, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find

it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives, We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880:

A. HALL, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M:P;

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.
OAK HALL
Nos. 115, 117, | 19, (21, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Gur stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.

We give a,Good Tweed Suit for..........$6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 150
We give a Good Overalls for.............. O 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, anda“Ht yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lytl3

STEAM SAW MILL. OWNERS

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by

The Canadian Steam Users’ Insurance Association

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO.

SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President.
HON, JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres.

GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.
A, F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. lyLl7

ia Saal | ee EA TG Lae haus ren alias ie A ss,

JH UANAUDA LUM DE DIL AIN.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A, L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :

One copy, One year, in advance.........++.++++-
One copy, six months, in advance..............-

Advertising Rates :

Per line, fof ONC YEar.........cssesesesscnsacees $0 90
Per line, for Six MOnthS........,60.sseesereeees 50
Per line, for three months.........c.scseecreeee 30
Per line, for first insertion. .....+0....++eseeeeee 10
Per line, for each subsequent insertion to 3 mo’s. 05

Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
per annum
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
for six months
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines per annum 65 00
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo’s 3 00

Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
least three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Toker & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not ‘necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

Bee ree ee wee eee tee e ween ee pene

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. AUGUST 15, 1581,

THE Ontario Gazette contains a notice of an
application for the incorporation of the “Severn
Driving and Boom Co,,” which will operate on
certain streams in Muskoka and the County of
Simcoe. The applicants are Hon. W. E. Dodge,
Arthur M. Dodge, C. E! Dodge, of New York ;
J. S. Peckham, of Waubaushene; Henry S.,
Lovering, of Coldwater ; and James Scott, of
Waubaushene.

THE Society of Swedish Saw-mill Owners and
Timber Exporters held a meeting at Hernosand
on the 16th of the present month. The chief
subjects diseussed were the necessity for the
continuation of the Guarantee Society, and as-
sorting and classification of deals, &c., and other
matters appertaining to the welfare and expedi-
tion of the Swedish saw-mill business. No hints
appear to haye been thrown out at this meeting
as to what the production of Scandinavia for the
English market is likely to be this season ; but
probably we shall have fuller details later on, in
which some allusion to the subject will be made.
—Timber Trades Journal, July 20.

A GRIEVANCE.

A cause of dissatisfaction has existed in the
British provinces relative to the advantages
which lumbermen of the United States have
over British-American.

Lumbermen of the Republic enjoy the priv-
ilege, under Lord Ashburton’s treaty, of ex-
emption from all taxation of their lumber passing
through British territory ; this immunity is, as
might be expected, abused.

The lumber is floated from American streams
into Canadian, manufactured, and then shipped
to the United States, and has not the duty of
$2 per M. imposed on exports by Canadians.
The worst of it is the lots are sometimes aug-
mented by logs after being entered.

There exist more than one firm of Canadians,
nominally headed by Americans, doing business
in this way, to the demoralization of our trade.
This feeling pertains chiefly to that portion of
the Dominion mainly affected, namely, western
New Brunswick and south-eastern Quebec ; and
it is felt that this old law should be modified so
that American logs manufactured into lumber,
&e., in Canada should be entered to the other
side on the same terms as Canadian,

OTTAWA.
From Owr Own Correspondent.

THE NEW CARGO REGULATIONS.

Owners of American boats are not well pleased
with the enforcement of the custom laws in
regard to the admission of lumber in bond into
the States. They had been “in the habit of
carrying large loads and breaking bulk in order
to get through the Champlain Canal readily,
but now they are not allowed to lighten at the
point named. The lumber yards at Whitehall
are principally bonded ones, and the American
law is that when a vessel clears from a foreign
port, with freight for a port in the United
States, it must arrive at its destination with the
same quantity as specified in the clearance
paper. The transferring of a portion of bonded
lumber loads in the past has been a violation of
the law, but was permitted by the American
customs officials. A change has, however, come,
and the law is to be enforced to the letter. The
cause is not stated, but it is presumed that it is
being done in order to prevent errors in keeping
the record. After the bonds are given at
Kanse’s Point the bulk of any vessels cargo 1s

00] not be broken in any way. Vessels have been

in the habit of carrying from 150,000 to 175,000
feet of lumber each trip, but now in order to be
able to get through the Champlain Canal, their
cargoes will have to be reduced by about 25,000
feet per barge. The owners, therefore, cannot
realize as much in each trip as formerly, but the
probability is that freight rates may advance,
although they have not done so as yet. The
regulation applies to Canadian bottoms as well
as American boats.
THE LUMBER BUSINESS.

Lumbermen decline to make any heavy sales
at present, for two reasons. The price of lum-
ber having advanced in the Western States has
made the market in the east firmer, but no
increase in price here is to be noted as yet. The
principal reason, however, for the present
cautiousness of the producer in making only
limited sales is in the fact that there is a prob-
ability of a short lumber supply this season,
owing to the slowness of logs coming down,
caused by the lowness of water in the Ottawa.
There are a good many logs stuck at various
points, and the most of them may not be got
down until the fall freshet sets in, There are
about 100,000 logs for the Chaudiere Mills at the
Chats Slides, head of Deschesnes Lake, thirty-
five miles from this place, that can hardly be
kept moving. The anticipation of mill owners
was to cut about the same quantity of lumber
this season as last, in which case the production
would be about as follows :—

Firm. Feet.

re fOS LUCY AMELLULN riviejareisteteratnis train piers vortia laterals 50,000,000
E. B. Eddy, Deschesnes............esss00% 30,000,000
IBYOUsON Gn IWEStOM). oic.c.ncinsleinise= efile erin ilar 45,000,000
Pero Ves) RAUUCO tlajain alerejereleininlerioen wieiecibletete 40,000,000
Wh aE Wad ROD EIN s 0; claial plait’ cic nie cele) ales ata @MEr\s 35,000,000
Gilmour @ Cor, SUOMs oh wlsidectns «Reateomee 85,000,000
Gilmour & Co., Chelsea........... 00 ce eee 85,000,000
Sherman, Lord & Hurdman, Hull......... 25,000,000
VONNMROCHESTCN S. ,c wrareiit c¥clostus is Alar sWiare. ele lele 20,000,000
McLaren & Co., New Edinburgh........... 20,000,000
McClymont & Co., New Edinburgh........ 15,000,000
Capt:: Young. Si iceichic swe someon elee ent 17,000,000

Oba. cyete. «ete ste's ePefhie” che ote intel ciataiale etatete alae 367,000,000

The two mills of Bronson & Weston have been
running along day and night since the season
opened, and has sawn up more lumber so far
this season than any other firm. Mr. Booth
had a large surplus of logs on hand for the start
and is keeping within a good margin, so as not
to have to shut down even fora day. Perley &
Pattee are said to be running short of logs, and
may have to shut down for a few days shortly.

In regard to quotations there is no material
change, although the market is firmer. The
following are current prices :—$12@14.50 M.
for 10-inch stocks ; $16@19.50 for 12-inch stocks ;
$20@30 for sidings ; and $10@11.50 for shipping
Lath rate as formerly—85 cents to $1 y M.

RIVER TROUBLES.

The troubles between Boyd, Caldwell & Son,
and Peter McLaren, both of Carleton Place,
will be aired before the Supreme Court of Cana-
da, a further appeal having been made. The
Caldwells have been compelled to close down
their mill for want of logs, the drive being stuck
at and aboye High Falls. It is understood that
they will enter an action for damages against
Mr, McLaren for loss sustained in the logs

being kept back. The law proceedings will cost
a heavy sum before they are ended, but it will
settle the question as to the right of streams.
Both of the parties named control the timber
limits on the Mississippi river, which flows into
the Ottawa at Arnprior.

On the Kippewa river there is also trouble.
T. & C. Smith and George Taggert threaten to
destroy the dam erected by the owners of the
Gordon creek limits, in which case there will be
trouble between them and theinterested parties.

LOGS AND TIMBER.

By the end of the present week it is expected
that two millions of logs will have passed
through the Quio boom, which is thirty miles
above Ottawa. The exact quantity of logs
coming down is not yet known, but there is
quite a quantity stuck. On the York branch
of the Madawaska the firm of Bronson & Wes-
ton, Ottawa, have a lot of 85,000 logs stuck, and
these will be left until next spring.

It is expected that the last of the square tim-
ber passing down will get through the Chaudiere
slides this week. About twelve or fifteen rafts
will be laid up on the Upper Ottawa until the
spring, owing to the lowness of the water. Sales
at Quebec are reported at from 19 cents to as
high as 35 cents per square foot for white pine;
red pine, 17 to 25 cents.

EDGINGS.

McClymont & Co. are shipping lumber to
Ogdensburg, by rail over the St. L. &. O. Rail-
way, at the rate of five carloads a day.

So far this season Canadian barges have prin-
cipally been engaged in carrying lumber to
Quebec and Burlington at $2 p M.

American bargemen have demanded an in-
crease in freight rates to Albany and New York
of 25 cents? M. They claim that it does not
pay them at $3 and $3.25 jf M., respectively, as
they cannot carry so much as formérly, not only
through the enforcement of the Customs’ laws,
but also through the lumber being green, and
therefore heavier than last year’s cut. They
will likely get the advance asked for.

The freight business at this period last year
was somewhat dull, as it usually is in the mid-
dle of the summer season, but this year is an
exception to the rule. During the past couple
of weeks the shipments have been as brisk as in
the spring or fall.

SHIPMENTS OF LUMBER.

Lumber is being shipped over the Canadian
Pacific railway from points along the line to
Brockville at the rate of seventy carloads a
week. Each car averages 10,000 feet. The fol-
lowing are the principal shippers: Caldwell &
Son and Peter McLaren, Carleton Place ; Dick-
son, Almonte; Foley, Pakenham ; McLachlin
Bros., Arnprior; Gillies Bros,, Braeside and
Sandpoint ; W. R. Thistle & Co., Pembroke.
The lumber is tranferred to boats at Brockville
and sent to Oswego.

Several lumbermen have made application to
the C. P. Occidental Railway Co, for shipment
of square timber by rail to Quebec, but lack of
flat cars prevented them from entering into such
an engagement at present.

TRENTON,
From Our Own Correspondent.
GILMOUR’S NEW MILL.

TreNTON, August 5th.—Mr. Gilmour, of Gil-
mour’s mills here, just returned from Michigan
yesterday. I caught him at the mill a few hours
after he came off the train, and had quite a long
talk with him about lumbering matters. His
loss on the mill burnt down lately here was very
heavy. The mill and plant alone were worth
$150,000. He was insured for $75,000 in ten
several companies, but could only get $40,000.
He says he is too anxious to build and proceed
with his business to stop and invest more of his
money in law suits ; so he will goon. He will
build again on the old site, and intends, he says,
to beat the world on saw-milling this time. He
saw much in Michigan that he will intro-
duce, and also has new ideas of his own. He
hopes to have all running in first-rate order by
next spring. He is not doing much at present ;
just keeping a small temporary mill going.

DIFFICULTY WITH FOREST RANGER.

Mr. Gilmour was slightly wrathy at the action
of the Forest Ranger, Mx. McWilliams, who
had stopped several drives of logs up the Trent,

a ee a
alleging that the measurement was not correct,

and that thereby a portion of the just dues would
be avoided. Mr. Gilmour says that he must
have a very vague notion of the cost of stopping
a drive of logs, and that the action is unprece-
dented and high handed. On account of his mill
not being in operation, it does not actually make
a vast deal of difference to him, but if it were
running, it would pay him to disregard the
official interference till the logs were within his
own booms. He alleges that he made Mr. Mc-
Williams the following apparently very fair
offer: That the doubtful logs should be marked
with the Forest Ranger’s private mark, and run
into a boom by themselves. Then as they came
up to be cut, in the mill, the Ranger could have
aman measuring both eagh log and the amount
of lumber it produced, and Mr. Gilmour could
also havea man. Then correct measurements
could be obtained. This offer was refused. -

Mr. Gilmour says that anyhow the logs should
have been measured in the woods, and that if
there is any error it is the Ranger’s own fault.
It is not likely, he considers, that any-
thing is wrong with the measurement, as his
men make affidavit that it is correct.

LUMBERING AT ARNPRIOR.

During my conversation with Mr. Gilmour he —

told me some very interesting facts about the
new mill Mr. McLaughlin is building at Arn-
prior. It will be, till his own is built, he says,
ahead of anything of the kind in Canada, His
engine is a very large 30 x 42-inch cylinder, with
seven boilers. All the machinery is worked by
live rollers and endless chain. They have sey-
eral improvements in the machinery which no
other mill in Canadacanshow. The machinery
was almost all procured from Starr’s, of Erie,
Penn. The mill will run two large circulars
anda gang. Mr. McLaughlin calculates the
cost at from $60,000 to $65,000, but in Mr. Gil-
mour’s estimation this is much below the mark.

FOREST FIRES

East Sacrnaw, Aug. 7.—The greatest alarm
now prevails as to the safety of this city should
the course of the forest fires not be checked. On
the Detroit and Bay City Railroad the fences
on the neighboring farms are burned down, and
the flames are spreading over the fields to the
woods. The air is surcharged with smoke and
burning cinders, and charred leaves are flying
through the streets of the city. The rural pop-
ulation is out en masse fighting the approaching
conflagration, and both sides of the track are
ablaze. On Wednesday a train could not get
into Ludington because of the heat. At Evart
a railway bridge is in danger. At Freeland
gangs of men are cutting down all that can
afford fuel to the flames. The smoke in the
town is blinding, and all are in a state of ex-
ceeding anxiety. All along the narrow gauge
line between Mount Pleasant and Coleman is
on fire, as is also the case on the Otter Lake
Branch of the Flint and Pere Marquette road.

One large lumber yard, George Whitman's,
with the house and barns and three head of cat-
tle, has been utterly consumed in Freeland,
Saginaw county, and there is every reason for
fearing that Bagsley’s and John Jaddin’s fam-
ilies have been cut off, as they had no means of
escape. The east half of Ogeman county is a
sheet of flame, and the fire is bearing down on
Tawas.

The drought at Bay City has been so intense
that the crops have suffered beyond hope. The
soil is baked and tillage is impossible. Thecorn
is stunted and yellow, and the oats will hardly
vield half a crop. The woods are a vast tinder-
box, and forest fires are the rule on every side.
Trains are delayed, sometimes entirely stopped.
The woods in Midland will soon be non existent,
and the falling white ash in Bay City resembles
a show storm, with the thermometer at 90°, and
the sky a brilliant coppery yellow. The air is
so sultry that breathing has become a difficult
task, and the visitation exceeds that of 1871.
Whole lumber camps have been burned out, and
the men, who were out fighting the flames in a
different direction, return to find their places of
abode swept away, and all their belongings
licked up by the unsparing fire fiend. The con-
flagration will cause a rise in the price of pine
lands and in insurance rates. Only a constant
deluge of rain for some days can check the pro-
gress of destruction, ~

>

\

wt

7

ST. JOHN, N. B.
From Our Own Correspondent.
DEALS AND Suips.—Our fleet of ships in port
as diminished considerably during the fort-
ight, and will doubtless assume still smaller
roportions during the next few weeks, before
he fall shipments commence ; meantime our
tock af deals will be increased to some extent.
The deal market here is firm} owing in some
measure to the recent favorable reports from the
Liverpool market, though prices here are not
quotably higher, the current value of country

sawn deals being about $8.50 per M.
|) Preicuts.—It was intimated in our last that
freights had reached their lowest point, which
opinion has been fully confirmed, as rates have
simce advanced 3s, 9d. per Standard, several
large ships haying recently been placed at 55s.
for Liverpool.

VESSELS IN PORT,—The following is a list of
the square-riggzed vessels in port, with their
| tonnage and destination :—

John Murphy, 1479, Liverpool.

Arklow, 748, Cork Quay.

Fidelia, 450, E. C. Ireland.

Emily Raymond, 290, Westport.
Regina, 1212, Liverpool.
\St. Olaves, 571, B. Channel, or E. C. I.

- Eos, 390, Bordeaux.

lorado, 682, Dublin.
lohn Rutherford, 983, Dnblin.
Hla, 445, ——
ily Lowther, 762, Sharpness.

Henry, 1095, Liverpool.

Golden Sea, 1418, London.

_ Susan L. Campbell, 727, London.
Rolf, 922, United Kingdom.
Torryburn, 448, ——

Julies Marie, 271, U. K. or Continent.

Missouri, 818, —— ‘

Hants County, 641, ——

Asiana, 1193, Liverpool.

Brothers and Sisters, 656, Warren Point.
‘Naval Reserve, 1830, Liverpool.

B. Hilton, 986, —

Sichem, 519, ——

Cleveland, 449, ——

St, John, 250, Bridgewater.

SureMENTS.—The shipments of deals and other

wn lumber are as as follows :—

BPE ASME. <onicace en's vee eis 17,222,000 Sup. ft.
“ United States........... 2,303,000“
Se Atistralig. © cc weccvvvecse 788,000 *

t. John, N.B., Aug. 6.

From Another Correspondent.
THE WEATHER
for the past week or ten days has been very
able, foggy overcast andwet. A change
f wind and slight clearing up yesterday enabled
uite a number of vessels that were ready and
aiting to get to sea, so that at the present
yriting our harbor is rather bare of shipping.

THE ENGLISH MARKET.

as shown a slight upward tendency, with indi-
ations that the rise is not merely temporary,
but that shippers may Yook for fairly remuner-
ative prices for their deals.
FREIGHTS
are, in consequence of the better news from the
other side, slightly stiffening. and we hear of an
offer of 52/6 being refused ; 53/9 was accepted by
the same parties, and 55/has since been paid.
Coastwise freights remain firm, and with little
rno change to advise.
THE AMERICAN MARKET

in very fair condition, although we are aware
heavy shipments of lath to Boston from
Bangor, which have dropped the price from
41.623 to $1.55. The sound ports do not offer
ay better prices to speak of than Boston, and
any shippers prefer the latter port in conse-
ence of the difference in freights. Mew York
lvices show that cargoes of wide stuff of good
hs command ready sales, and laths are

their prices on certain lines will, we hope,
we a beneficial effect upon our dealings with
friends in the neighboring Republic, for they
too good customers to be allowed to slip
ough our fingers for the want of proper man-
ent, and we flatter ourselves that we can
ipply them with our staple article in as great
atities, good quality, and at as reasonable a
b a# it can be procured elsewhere.

John, N.B., Aug. 9.

Ra's sash and door factory at Trenton is
4 large order for Kingston,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

AUCTION SALE

OF VALUABLE

Timber Limits, S724 1

Situated Near Lake Nipissing.

Notice is hereby given that (if not previously dis-

posed of by private bargain) the following Valuable | 1y-120

Timber Limits will be offered for sale at Public Auction
in the

CITY OF OTTAWA,

Thursday, the 22nd Day
of September Next,

VIZ. :
Sq. Miles.
Berth No. 23, on the River Bueve, near Lake

Nipissing, comprising.....+....ceeeeeeeee 36
Berth No. 43, on the River Wannapitac, near

Lake Nipissing, comprising............... 36
Berth No. 51, on the River Wannapitac, near

Lake Nipissing, comprising........++s.e00+ 36

im Aa ssagnoscaodoncdodsondvcdtes 108

These limits contain, in the aggregate, a large quan-
tity of magnificent pine timber.

Berth No. 23 is estimated—as the result of a recent
exploration—to contain a quantity of trees sufficient to
produce at least half a million cubic feet of square tim-
ber, besides two hundred and fifty thousand standard
saw logs. The river is available for driving to Lake
Nipissing.

There is a good mill site on the Bueve river, about
three miles from Lake Nipissing.

Lumber could be transferred thence by water to the
Callender station of the Canada Central Railway, the
line of which is projected to pass directly through this
limit. :

Lumbermen and others desirous of acquiring limits
are invited to examine these berths in the interval pre-
ceding the day of sale.

The owners reserve the right to dispose of either or
all of them by private bargain in the meantime, and
will be ready to consider any offers that may be made.

Terms of purchase will be liberal, and will be made
known before the sale, the place and hour of which will
be duly advertised.

Persons desiring further particulars are invited to
communicate with the undersigned.

STEWART, CHRYSLER & GORMULLY,
Solicitors, Ottawa.

Ottawa, 28th July, 1881. 3120

HK. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent,

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. 11

A.

ry

AIT AMI
FLEMING:SON

-ELECTROs STEREO TYPE

26 COLBORNE ST.
7 2

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.

FLEMING & SON,

114 26 Colborne St., Toronto.

ters toiling overmid
night work, to res-
tore brain nerveand

Hop Bitters. waste, use Hop B.

If you are young and
discretion or dissipa
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Whoever youare, iE

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Hop

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D. McLACHLAN & SONS,

POL eRS.

SHIPS’ WATER-TANKS. Repairing Punctually Attended to.

NORTH SLIP, ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

Northey s Steam Pump Works

BOILER FEED PUMPS, MINING PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, | PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and OIL PIPE LINES,
WRECKING PUMPS. And CITY WATER WORKS.

No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SEND FOR CIRCULAR. 117-1¥

ELECTRICIAN,

4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONTARIO.

Trusses for HERNIA, Rupture,

The most Durable and Beneficial kind known to Medical Science always in
Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.

BATTERIES FOR BATHS,

F -

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private Use; and
FARADIC BATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW.

lytl7

ed; size when folded 2x 6in.; 3 feet long, weighing

_£only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the
“== Weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-
covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises.
Jee Special rates to Lumbermen, Send for cata-
logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
202 Sparks Street, Ottawa

b27

PETERBOROUGH.

SPERRY’S NEW SHINGLE MILL.
fA few days ago a correspondent paid a visit
to the new shingle mill of Mr. A. Sperry,
which stands on the right bank of the Otonabee
just abovethelocks, This establishment, which
is one of the most perfect of its kind in the Pro-
vince, was built last spring, and has been run-
ning but afew months. It has, however, turn-
ed out over three quarters of a million shingles
in that time.

The mill itself is a two storey frame structure,
40 by 60 feet, with an engine-room wing on the
south side, 25 by 35, A little bay running into
the land is utilized :for the purpose of holding
logs for immediate consumption, and which
would probably hold a drive of 2,000 logs,
Further up the lake Mr. Sperry has other booms
and enclosures sufficient to hold a whole sum-
mer’s supply.

The machinery and appliances of this mill are
all of the newest and most perfect kind. Be-
ginning on the lower flat, the first feature is the
huge engine—steam power is used alone, it being
found necessary to burn up the waste sawdust
and strippings, The engine is an Automatic
Cut Off of seventy-five horse-power, with a
driving wheel 8 feet in diameter, which, with
a 16-inch double thick belt, drives the ma-
chinery. On the river side of the building is
the slide, up which the logs are hauled by means
of a strong chain winding round a shaft for the
ordinary saw-mill principle. At the top of this
slide, and but a few inches from it, is the cross-
cut ‘‘ drag-saw,” where the rough timber is cut
into convenient lengths and shipped per the re-
volving ‘‘ elevator” to the second storey. The
only other object worthy of note on the lower
flat are the ‘‘conveyers.” These are used for
carrying the sawdust and strippings to the en-
gine. The coarser! waste stuff is ,pressed into
bundles and sold for kindling.

On the second storey are five circular saws in
all, and the lengths of log brought up the ‘‘ con-
veyor” are subjected to four processes before
they ,are turned over to the packer. They are
first stripped of bark with axes, then trimmed,
that is, reduced to the proper length—18 inches.
From the trimmer they are taken, unless very
small, to the “‘splitter,” a second circular saw,
when they are turned over, divided into quar-
ters, and taken tothe shingle machine. The
shingle machine in Mr. Sperry’s establishment
is a very ingenious American patent called the
“Hall” machine. It is greatly used in Michi-
gan though not much in vogue yet in this coun-
try. The slant of the shingle is caused by a
*« fet-work ” attachment by means of which the
block is planted outwards and inwards as each
strip is cut off. From the shingle machine the
strips pass to the hands of the ‘“‘ edgers.” Here
two circular saws, hard at work, keep up with the
pan of the shingle machine. The edgers put the
last finishing touches on the shingles before they
go to the packers—cutting off any frayed or bad
part. The packing process is performed by
boys with what are called “‘binders,” which
exert, by means of a lever, a tremendous pres-
sure on the centre of the bunch, so that the
binding cross pieces can be firmly nailed with
hoop iron.

The total capacity of the mill is 25,000 to
35,000 per day.

In reply toa question as to whether Peter-
borough was not rather far from the market,
Mr. Sperry said no, he did not find it so. It
was also very convenient to the point of supply.
There is, he says, any amount of good timber
for his purposes to be procured up the Otonabee.

The market for these shingles at present is)
Oswego. They are shipped at the mill on wag-
gons to the Midland station, whence’ they are
conveyed by rail to Port Hope and from that
point per schooners to Oswego.

Mr. Sperry is going to add to his plant in the
fall, and professes himself, so far, well satisfied
with the success of his venture.

A FINE HARDWARE ESTABLISHMENT,

Peterborough has long been noted for having
the finest stores, and its merchants for carrying
the largest and best stocks to be found’anywhere
in the Province outside of Toronto, and it would
seem that they now propose not only to outdo
themselves, but eclipse the Queen city of the
west. Quite recently Mr, George Stethem has

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

fitted up and moved into premises which we
venture to think constitute the largest and
best retail hardware establishment to be found
in the Province—certainly there is none in To-
ronto to equal it. The store proper is 22 feet
wide by 135 feet deep, with, like nearly all the
stores in Peterborough, plate glass windows.
The interior arrangements are as nearly perfect
as one can imagine possible for the extensive
business which Mr. Stethem’s untiring energy
and close attention to the wants of his: various
customers, have succeeded in building up. Some
idea of the extensive character of the stock
which Mr. Stethem carries may be formed when
we state that not only is the main shop more
than fully occupied, but that a good sized out-
building has also to be used, while the large
cellar underneath contained at the time of our
visit about 70 barrels of different kinds of oils,
coils of rope, &c. The second story was also fully
occupied with the lighter goods kept in stock.
Tn addition to keeping an unusually large and
varied stock of ordinary hardware, Mr.
Stethem is the sole agent in Canada for the
celebrated Wetmore axes and scythes, Jewell’s
oak-tanned leather belting and Rangoon machin-
ery oils. Having been brought up to the busi-
ness, and giving the wants of his lumbering,
agricultural and manufacturing customers his
undivided attention for years, it is clear that
what Mr. Stethem does not know about his line
of business is not worth knowing. His thorough
acquaintance with the wholesale markets and
his connection with the manufacturers, enables
him to buy closer and sell as cheap as any and
much cheaper than most of his competitors.
Everyone visiting Peterborough should take a
run through Mr. Stethem’s establishment even
though they do not require anything at the
time, and they will then realize how ample his
stock is for filling orders on the shortest possible
notice.

BLACK WALNODUT,
A GLOOMY OUTLOOK FOR FURNITURE MEN.

A few years ago black walnut was a drug on
the market, and was not at all popular with fur-
niture manufacturers and dealers, but recently
it has been so universally sought for and used
go extensively for almost every kind of furniture,
that latterly it has become very scarce, and now
it is found next to impossible to obtain a suffi-
cient supply to meet the increased demand, at
almost any cost. An idea of its scarcity and
value may be gained, when $100 per thousand
feet has been paid this year forthe same quality
and quantity of black walnut as could be pur-
chased last year for $70. The rapidity at which
the supply has decreased is owing to the impe-
tus the trade has received through the organiza-
tion of alarge number of extensive furniture
companies in the United States. The immense
number of sewing machines (the wood-work of
which has been manufactured from black wal-
nut) that have been annually turned out both in
the States and in Canada, is one of the principal
causes of the rapid consumption. A prominent
dealer in the city stated to a Globe reporter that
there are now ten anxious buyers distributed
throughout the States to every one there was
two years ago, and that there is more difficulty
in procuring a few thousand feet of the precious
lumber now than there was in securing half a
million feet three years ago. When walnut first
came to be used, it was obtained in large quan-
tities from Port Stanley, the Counties of Kent,
Essex and south Middlesex, and it also grew in
abundance on the banks of the Thames River,
Ont.; but now the Canadian supply is exhaust-
ed, an@ lately it has been obtained from the
State of Indiana. There was such a great
similarity between the wood of the two coun-
tries that manufacturers had no choice, and
paid the same price for either. Since the Cana-
dian supply has failed the immense drain on
the forests of the State of Indiana has caused
the supply to give out there, and now the wal-
nut (which is of a lighter shade and consequently
not so good) is obtained from the States of Ar-
kansas, Kentucky, Kansas and South Tennes-
see.

Mr. Hay, of Toronto, states that when he first
came to Canada walnut was used for

RAIL FENCES.

The principal value of walnut is that it is an

excellent wood for furnitnre and is handsome

jn appearance. It has a close grain, is notliable
to be affected by changes of temperature, and at
the same time is not hard to work, which ren

ders it a very valuable timber economically.
Another reason why it is so expensive is that
it has to be hauled a great distance by teams be-
fore a railroad can be reached.

A SUBSTITUTE,

Butternut has been considered an excellent
substitute for walnut, but as it can seldom be
obtained without flaws, it will never fill the
place of the time-honored walnut. Besides this
it is also very scarce, and is gradually increasing
in price.

Cherrywood, which is as enduring as walnut,
and which has been rapidly growing in favor
with furniture dealers, has doubled in price
within the last two years on account of its sear-
city.

THE REMEDY,

If walnut is not replanted at once, the outlook
for good furniture in the future will be very
dreary. If it were planted along the shores of
Lake Erie or in the counties before mentioned,
or in any part of the Province west of Ontario,
in twenty years time it would pay 5,000 per
cent., so says an old arboriculturist. In the
meantime the prospect is gloomy in the extreme,
and dealers look forward to a speedy and com-
plete exhaustion of the supply.—G@lobe.

BUSH FIRES IN THE MICHIGAN
PENINSULA.

There are fires in the woods along the entire
route of the Jackson, Lansing and Saginaw rail-
road north of Kawkawlin, mostly light and
smouldering, having burned out in many quar-
ters without doing miaterial damage to the tim-
ber, but at some points, where there had been
lumbering operations last winter, or where there
was considerable down timber, that which is
standing has been so much affected that it will
have to be lumbered during the coming winter.
A strong wind coming from a different quarter
than that which has prevailed for the past week
would, unless we are favored with a heavy and
general fall of rain throughout the burning dis-
trict, result in immense damage to the timber
in many quarters. As an experienced lumber-
man remarked, it seems as if there was a little
fire on every section.

Standing upon Bald Hill, on the Manistee, a
well known elevation in town 27, north of range
4 west, extensive fires can be seen both to the
east and west. From Portage Lake, in town 26
north, range 4 west, heavy fires may be seen to
the east, and immediately about the lake fires
have swept through a considerable portion of
the forest, doing much damage. Fires may be
also seen both east and west from Grayling, on
the Jackson, Lonsing and Saginaw railroad, and
one started up on Saturday in the immediate
vicinity of that village, which threatened seri-
ous results, but was checked before it had made
any considerable progress.

A fire was started on the Methodist camp
grounds on Higgins’ Lake last week by the men
engaged inclearing upthe premises, and it spread
all through their twenty acre tract down into
the lumber camps on the line of the Ros-
common road, near the lake, and only by the
hardest kind of work were the buildings saved.
It spread also through considerable of the tim-
ber in the vicinity, is still burning, and a change
of wind might make it decidedly warm for the
sojourners, both at Saginaw and Burrows en-
campments, they having been already materially
discommoded by the dense smoke, which for a
week past has hung over that entire section.

Fires, seemingly in theheavy timber, could be
seen on Saturday a long way to the east of Chee-
ney, and at points all along the line from there
to Terry Station; in some cases remote, in
others in the immediate vicinity of the tra¢k, as
at St. Helens, where the down timber in the
marsh just beside the line is all burning up.
There are fires at all points, and there is smoke
everywhere. A good drenching rain would at
this time be worth millions to the timber in-
terest, as well as to all other interests in the
lower peninsula of Michigan.—Bay City Call.

Dr. Fownrr’s Extract oF Winp STRAWBERRY
cures all forms of bowel complaints in infants or
adults. The most safe, pleasant and perfect remedy
known. Purely vegetable and free from opiates or
poisonous drugs,

BRITISH TRADE NOTES.

THE agents for one of the largest productions
in the Baltic, we hear, have now received
notice not to make any further sales just yet, as
some doubts are entertained whether any fur-
ther quantity can be delivered this year in ad-
dition to what is already contracted for. We
understand the prices nade by the stock in _
question—which was one of the first in the
market to sell—compare most favorably with
those now ruling.

We are pleased to learn that arrangements
have lately been made between a house in G
gow and a Canadian mill for a regular supply of
pine doors and mouldings, this being a 1
of the Dominion trade which we hope to
greatly developed.

WE are informed that a largish parcel of
Swedish lower Gulf whitewood battens :
sold last week to a Hull firm, at £5 per aoa
ard, that had previously been offered unsuccess-
fully in the same neighborhood earlier in the
year at £4 15s. This sale, we understand,
cleared out the agent’s stock for present ship-
ment.

It is stated that the Continental demand has
absorbed a good portion of the north of Europe
stocks for f.o.w., and that the Colonial demand
(including Australia and the Cape) has been un-
usually brisk this season. It is reported also
that a much larger number of Swedish and Nor-
wegian sailing vessels are taking wood to the
north of France and other of the nearer ports of
Europe this season than they have done hereto-
fore. Most of these little ships, it seems, in-
stead of calling at the coal ports to coal, proceed
immediately after discharging the wood back to
the Baltic in ballast. This relieves the freight
market here ofa good deal of tonnage.

Stocks of spars here are low, though prices
continue somewhat weak ; in comparison, how-
ever, they still show an improvement on those
of last year. The sluggishness in the revival of
these goods is partly attributable to the fact of
their being much more come-at-able now than
they used formerly to be, owing to the number
of steamers engaged in the trade, which kept
the port open during the winter, and render the
chance of the market being run out very re-
mote. Christiania are offering freely on the
other side, and Petersburg are coming forward
now, which will assist in keeping prices of this
description from rising. The talk of a shortage
on the supplies earlier in the season is hardly
borne out in the result, and they seem to be
forthcoming from somewhere as soon as ever
there is an inquiry for them.

THE LAW IN NEW YORK.

The following law regarding the disposal of
mill refuse, &c., has recently come into force in
the State of New York, and wifl be of interest
to all mill owners :—

CHAPTER 430.'

Aw Act to amend chapter five hundred and thirty-four
of the Laws of eighteen hundred and seventy-nine, :
entitled ‘‘ An Act for the prevention of moose, wild
deer, birds, fish and other game.” Passed May 28,
1881 ; three-fifts being present.

The people of the State of New York, represented in
Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows :—

SEcTION 1. Section twenty-five of chapter five hun-
dred and thirty-four of the Laws of eighteen hundred
and seventy-nine, entitled ‘‘ An Act forthe preservation -
of moose, wild deer, birds, fish and other game,” is
hereby amended so to read as follows:

SEcTION 25. No person, association, company or cor-
poration shall throw or deposit, or permit to be thrown
or deposited, any dye stuff, coal tar, refuse from gas
houses, sawdust, limefor other deleterious substance, or
cause the same to run or flow into or upon any of the
rivers, lakes, ponds, streams, or any of the bays or in-
lets adjoining the Atlantic Ocean within the limits of
this State. Any person who shall violate this section,
or any member of any such company, association or
corporation who shall authorize and direct any such
violation, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and in
addition thereto shall be liable to a penalty of fifty dol-
lars for each offense. But this section shall not apply
to streams of flowing or tide water, nor to the town of
French Creek in Chautauqua County, which constitutes
the motive power of the machinery er manufacturing
establishments, when it isabsolutely necessary for the
manufacturing purposes carried on in such establish-
ments to run the refuse matter and material thereof
into such stream.

Tr You ARB SUFFERING with a cold do not fail
Haerarn’s ; it is daily relieving its
h is throughout our Dominion. 8
and palatable. a

Chips.

A Cuicaco tug captain has invented a ma-
chine to unload lumber from vessels by steam,
which the Captain says, will do the work at a
cost of 124 cents per thousand feet.

Tue firm of E. Walsh & Co., lumberers and
storekeepers at Bear River, N.S., has failed.
The assets are almost all covered by a bill of

.sale, and unsecured creditors fare badly.

A TRAMWAY fifteen miles in length connects
the port of Rockingham, in Western Australia,
where vessels of 1,000 tons can approach close to
the shore, with the great timber location of the
Jarrahdale Timber Company.

THERE is not a single wooden sailing ship now
laid up for sale in the Wearmouth Dock which
has seldom been without several since the Cri-
mean war. The old sailing ships have been
nearly all bought by foreigners, mainly Norwe-
gians,

Tr is no great length of time since it was the
custom of merchants at Liverpool, when measur-
ing spruce deals, to make allowances for defec-
tive wood. It may, however, be now noted as
being one of the “‘new order of things,” that the
practice has died out of existence.

“* A THOROUGHLY posted lumberman ” predicts
that the available pine timber of Michigan suit-
able for lumbering will be used up in five years
at the present rate of cutting in the Saginaw
valley. One who does not profess to be thor-
oughly posted, predicts that the “thoroughly
posted lumberman” will be cutting a good deal
of lumber on the Saginaw river ten years from
now.

THE Union Forwarding Company, which tows
logs for the lumberers on the upper branches of
the Ottawa river, tried to raise its rates about
50 per cent., and is accused of attempting to
“ arbitrarily monopolize” the towing. The re-
sult is that, as the Pembroke Observer says,
Captain John Murphy, late of the Union For-
warding Company has signed a contract with
the Chaudiere lumbermen to tow all their logs
on the Upper Ottawa for the next eight years.
We understand he will at once commence the
construction of several propellers, to be placed
on the various lakes to do the work.

Tue London Iron Trade Exchange, of recent
date, publishes a complete list of blast furnaces
in and out of blast in the United Kingdom.
From the returns it appears that out of the total
943 furnaces built, 563 are in blast and 380 are
standing. There are probably 40 furnaces in
various districts which are not included in the
returns, but none of these have been in blast for
many years, and they will never be re-lighted ;
others are dismantled, and some have never been
completed. The returns from Derbyshire were
imperfect, and the figures relating to that dis-
trict may not be quite accurate, but as regards
other districts the figures, says the Exchange,
may be relied on.

Tr is reported that cork trees have been suc-
cessfully cultivated near Milledgeville, Ga., and
that on some of them the bark is already thick
enough for use. The trees have grown from the
acorns of the Spanish oak, which were planted
several years ago. The soil and climate of
Georgia seem to be well adapted to the cultiva-
tion of this tree, and it is said that little doubt
remains but that it can be profitably grown.
Probably in other portions of the South the con-
ditions are equally favorable, in which case the
cultivation of cork need not be limited to one
district, or even one State.

James Waker & Co.’s mill at Orono, Me.,
is spoken of as the largest in New England.
The saw-mill proper is 65% 450 feet, well sup-
plied with improved machinery ; then there is
4 building 64 68, used for the manufacture of
short lumber, boxes and shingles. The capacity
of the mill is 150,000 feet daily, and 250 men are
employed. The precautions against fire are
more than ordinary, there being a large force
pump at each end of the mill and one in the
middle. No dust and cobwebs, which are fre-
quent causes of fire, are allowed to gather on
the beams and underside of the roof.

De. Fow.yn’s Exreact oy Witp STRAWAPRRY cures
complaints, diarohea, dysentry, cholera

summer
morbus, cholera infantum, sour stomach colic, nausea,
vomiting, canker, piles, leucorrhua, and all manner of

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

LIVERPOOL.

The Timber Trades Journal of July 23 says :—
The arrivals of timber-laden vessels continue to
be upon a very moderate scale, especially from
Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and
this is a matter for gratification, since our mar-
ket, though firm at present, is in a sensitive
condition, and will readily yield under any
pressure to sell.

Fair progress seems to be made with the car
goes of Quebec goods recently arrived, the very
stiff position of the timber market in Canada
haying no doubt considerable influence over pur-
chasers. Whether the high prices demanded
by the lumbermen can be maintained remains
to be seen, but by latest advices they appear to
be under no apprehension of the future, and are
very firm at the quotations. These are, how-
ever, so wide from the prices that can be ob-
tained in this country that there is very little
doing in the way of shipments to England, not-
withstanding the low rates of freight now cur-
rent.

LIVERPOOL TIMBER SALES.

On the 20th instant Messrs. Alfred Dobell &
Co. offered one cargo of sawn pitch pine timber,
deals, &c., and the balance of an old cargo, both
of which were cleared up at fair prices, although
the purchasers present were limited to local

dealers. The prices realized were for—
16 in. and upwards deep 18d. per ft
16x12to15in. 17}d. “
LHX 1B 1458) 7d sé
14x14 “174d. Gs
12to14 ** 16d. to 163d. 8
9°12 “© 143d.“° 154d. ca

6to 8in.x7 to12 “* 13d. “134d. se
After which Messrs. A. F. & D. Mackay
offered 312 logs of New Brunswick birch, with-
drawn from their sale of Friday last. There
was no disposition to buy, and lot after lot was
withdrawn without a bid ; eventually one lot of
13-inch wood was sold at 12d. per ft.

What an Albany Man Said.

One of the lumber dealers in Michigan has for
the past three years been supplying a dealer at
Albany. For the first year everything went
well, but at length the Albany man began to
complain. He found shortage and culls in
every car load sent him and demanded dis-
counts therefor, and this spring it was impos-
sible to please him. No matter how carefully
lumber and shingles were culled and billed here
he was sure to write back that they were not up
to the standard. Two weeks ago a car-load of
“star” shingles was sent him. The ‘‘star
shingle beats anything made in the country, and
they know it at Albany as well as in Michigan,
but as soon as the car arrived the dealer replied
that he really must protest. The shingles were
hardly ‘‘ clear butts,” and he could not unload
the car until assured of a discount of twenty-
five cents per thousand.

The Michigander had suffered long, but the
end was nigh, He had inspected every bunch
of shingles on that car, and he made up his mind
to goto Albany and inspect them over again,
The dealer there had never seen him, and the
Wolverine walked into his office as a would-be
purchaser of some extra fine shingles.

“Tve got exactly what you want,” promptly
replied the Albanian. ‘I’ve gota carload of
Michigan ‘ stars’ out here which lay over any
shingles you ever saw.”

“ Are they all perfect ?”

“* Every one of them.”

““No culls in the centre of the bunches ?”

“TH eat every cull you find. I got them from
a" Michigander who is as straight as the Ten
Commandments, and he has never yet sent me
a stick of second-class stuff. Come and see
’em.” ‘

The Wolverine quietly pulled out his business
card and laid it on the desk.

The dealer took it up, read the name, and
sat down on a stool with a queer feeling in his
knees, ¥

There was an awful silence as they glared at
each other, and it was a full minute before the
victim slowly extended his hand and hoarsely
whispered :—

“‘ Did you ever see a man make such an infer-
nal ass of himself? Shake !’—Detroit Free

Press.
RS
“‘ Temper is everything,” and in the pens of
the Esterbrook Steel Pen Company ihe eeune
will be found all that is to be desired,

J. K. POST & CO.
LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.

OSWHEHGO, N.Y

L12-ly

Flexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, L16

S.S.MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &e.

fz P.S.—Also on hand 120 M dry Oak 2 to 4 inches
thick, will be sold cheap to close it out. ly116

JAMES HADEDN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuif-

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.

b26

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler.

P. FREYSENG & CO.

PROPRIETORS OF THE

Dominion Cork Cutting Co

BY IMPROVED MACHINERY.

&2 All kinds of Corks in stock and Cut to
Order. Corks & Life Preservers a Specialty.
Corkwood, Tinfoil, Capsules, Wire, «&c.

71 Jarvis Street, TORONTO.

A, L, UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT.

ly116

J.G. EDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT,

ItTINDSAY.

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
ly CHAINS, ROPE, and LT

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.
SAMUEL WiINDRIM,

MANUFACTURER OF

Agricultural Implements, Etc

MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF
AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
of intending purchasers of Reaping Machines, that I
have now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. L17tf

Penetanguishene Foundry

MACHINE SHOP,
CRAIG & CAMERON, Proprietors.

The undersigned beg to announce to the public that
they are prepared to make all kinds of Mill and
Steamboat Brass and Iron Castings.

All kinds of PLOW CASTINGS kept on hand. Plow
Points and Landsides a specialty.

We have first-class machinery and are prepared to do
all kinds of TURNING or PLANING on short notice.

We hope by strict attention to business and moderate
charges, to merit a share of the public patronage.

42f All work guaranteed.

G. A. CRAIG.

lyul7 C, CAMERON.

6116

1)

SALE BY TENDER

Saw-Milling Property

Parry Harbour, Georgian Bay, and
Valuable Timber Limits in the
Parry Sound District.

The SAW-MILL is complete in ite appointment, and
has a cutting capacity of 90,000 to 100,000 feet per day
of twelve hours.

The LIMITS cover an area of 229 square miles in the
Townships of Monteith, Humphrey, Christie, Ferguson,
Hagerman, McKellar, Spence, and Shawanaga, besides
the purchased rights to cut the timber from numerous
lots in the same Townships, and contain a large quan-
tity of standing pine.

The whole establishment is in complete condition and
active operation, and is excellently situated for the man-
ufacture, sale and shipment of timber.

Tenders for the whole property, including plant, will

be received until the 20th August next, addressed to the
General Manager, Ontario Bank, Toronto, by whom
terms of payment and any further information will be
furnished on application. No tender will be accepted
unless satisfactory to the vendors. 4L17

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

| FORWARDERS,
shippingsGeneral Agents
PORT HOPE.

MEN A
ls

will save money by going direct
or sending to F. CRUMPTON, 83
King St. East, Toronto, for their
Watches and Jewellery, or Silver-
ware and Cjocks, ete. If you can-
not come yourselves send your
orders and I will guarantee just
as good satisfaction as by a per- FAS
sonal selection. Goodsguaranteed @2am
exactly as represented or your )

money refunded. Watch and Jew-
ellery repairing and manufactur-
ing by competent workmen at @@sae
Reasonable Prices. We make a [aay
specialty of HEAVY CASED §&
WATCHES suitable for Lum-
bermen.

, #2 Prices cheerfully furnished ~

on application.

Remember the address,

F.CRUMPTON

83 King St. East,
TORONTO.

10

Atlavket Aeports.

MONTREAL.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Avuaust 10.—The exports of lumber since the
date of our last report (18th July) were as fol-
lows :—To London, 4577 pieces and 108,800 feet
oak and 39,858 deals; Buenos Ayres, 1,234,715
feet ; Montevido, 361,800 feet ; Rosario, 289,258
feet ; Liverpool, 42,777 deals ; Glasgow, 15,000
feet. The exports to the River Plate are much
in excess this year over last. The total ship-
ments there since the opening of navigation till
the 9th instant were 3,022,024 feet, against
2,007,103 feet for the corresponding period of
1880, being an increase of 1,014,921 feet. The
rates of freight to the River Plate range from
$13@16, according to the size of the vessel.
Rates to Britain are about 60s. with an easy
market, owing to the difficulty ships have ex-
perienced in procuring grain cargoes, and ship-
ping is expected to continue brisk during the
season, '

The demand for building lumber has fallen off
somewhat, builders being for the most part sup-
plied, but lumber for repairs is in very good

demand. We give the following as the yard
prices in the city :—

Pine, 1st quality, B M.......000 ivececees $32 00@40 00
Pine, 2nd ._‘f BUN Nein) atevelatsteiutelalsvineiie/@ 18 00@24 00
Pine, shipping culls, M.oe..sgeeeseeves 12 00@15 00
Pine! CULGeAIS, FM nce opines ernie cin vmeis 8 00@10 00
PAM FMMAILICTI USS AGS. Ms tesalel ie wiela’e ese ei stoieteiale 5 00@ 6 50
RIOMUICE ARAN ctor fotlsltielstsiereteirixinietsireiecsiaia/eterse 8 00@10 00
PETE OC icone MMM tateyaveintefelereieinieteinieis/ela/elvipie/eyele 8 00@00 00
Ash, run of long culls out, #M.......... 16 00@18 00
Bass, He gu GW eigen aden 14 00@16 00
DRA UME ERT Uelale el-isieieieielelecieiele'elels)s/aisiei« + sed 004100,
Brbwel ly Ail Wh oso rlopmaspoaUOCeBOOODOUUOBOD 17 00@20 00
Harau Maples ap Mo. csciviesmsiele Seleseiveevie 18 00@25 00
Leda Ele obordssooUOKd ode RaoBaaDOoODDG 1 25@ 1 30
SMILES RUSLsp ea Letslatelsneds eraistcie sie etele) efeeie re 3 00@ 0 00
Shing less 2m lide Mie aleisaistessinte/sisieleitaislals 2 00@ 0 00

BOSTON,

Aveust 1.—The Journal of Commerce says :—
There are no specially new features to report,
umd the demand remains fully up to expecta-
ions. The call for pine has been remarkably
rood, and in fact for all kinds of dimension stock
lealers report a large consumption. Arrivals
1ave been liberal, but the continuous demand
1as tended to prevent any accumulations. The
supply of Western and Canada pine is small,
und this fact (coupled with the recent advance
nade by dealers at productive points) indicates.
1 prospective advance in this market. Southern
nine is moving actively, with the supply sufhi-
‘ient to meet present wants at least. Spruce is
ather weak, owing to large accumulations. Of
she hard woods, oak is apparently the easiest,
ind a prime article can be bought for $40, with
. possibility of an offer of $38 not being refused
Ash is quiet. Cherry has been arriving freely
ind is in good supply. Black walnut is in good
lemand and firm, with prospects of & further
ulvance in prices. The following are carload

juotations :—
CANADA PINE.
IEIERTA, PO LESHCO stasis ins sis sl svics:aisyee ecejun en $48 00@50 00
shelving, Dressed, Ists........5. .....-e 40 00@42 00
v3 U3 DNAS atalarelesercieteisie «+ ole eie 33 00@35 00
DFESSEH ISHIPPCWS rie cssceevercescescse 27 00@29 00
DESSSECMBOX: eicfanreleicie'civis visisls\ele\sieisinicieiee.es 18 00@20 00
sheathing, Ist quality. .........seescese 42 00@45 00
U3 Bitshi tS Go badargnoeensaanee 34 00@35 00
ar

OSWEGO, N.Y.
Avaust 1.—The following are the quotations :

ATEE MUP POU or ei ctelp sictese/aielo\s icles efele e vfele sre $42 00@45 00
SIGMIUE Scieterereleeedeitteios (eb iielcfaisic: feleie avaielels 32 00@35 00
‘ine, common and dressing......+++..... 20 00@25 00
JOIN) ie bd Coc SGOT AOMOOUOAUOHOE OOD 14 00@18 00
PUES ve wciclee Selon ecwece rt eeees sesurvavecs 11 00@13 00
MUNN TOUS itesece vee devier client se vne 17 00@22 00
sidings, selected, 1, 1} inch...../.......- 30 00@37 00
MEU tin, UXLOFMDaMs er cicrswensec nace 16 00@21 00
selected SOR Mw feralenteints feibittaretes’s/e/0 20 00@25 00
‘trips, 1 and 1} inch mill run............ 14 00@18 00
Sco CUB ern iatatet ataietas +» 10 00@13 00
x6 selected for clapboards.......s..0+. 25 00@40 00
shingles, XXX, 18 inch, pine............ 3 75@ 3 90
XX, se ov sapopc ono ueTTs 2 75@ 2 90

nok DOUNCH (CROAI. vacleccsis anise 3 00@ 3 25

be Co WO eo ee 2 25@ 2 40

MELD) ieteialarele clareld omtatsiniaiate bieislaiciaiepsicia\siainis)<s:« 1 40@ 1 40

Since the advance at Albany trade here has
mproved and a feeling among the dealers that
sresent prices will now be maintained to the end
f the season, an increase in the receipts may be
xpected, as the new cut is about in condition
obe moved, Canaland lake freights are steady,
he supply being in excess of the demand.

Ir You ARF SUFFERING with a cold do not fail to try
TAGYARD’s PECTORAL BALSAM; it is daily relieving its
\undreds throughout our Dominion. It 8 pleasant
nd palatable.

THE CANADA

NEW YORK,

Avcust 6.—The Real Estate Record says :—
The situation does not vary greatly from last
week. On most grades of stock the demand is
only fair, and buyers moving with some caution,
while prices tend to ease off somewhat from ex-
tremes, but there is no general downward ten-
dency, and sellers in all cases refrain from urging
the sale of desirable goods. Current consump-
tion is full, but supplied by parcels coming in on
contract, and while dealers want all the stock
offering, they have a slight advantage which is
naturally made the most of. The export trade
has been a little unsettled for a week or two,
and, in some instances, if would be necessary to
offer a concession in order to secure the atten-
tion of shippers. Sellers, however, are not much
troubled over the situation, and caleulate upon
winding the year up with quite as large a volume
of exports as shown at the opening.

Eastern spruce is in fair stock, and there is
not much inclination to make further important
additions at the moment. Demand in conse-
quence is somewhat slow, and offerings of ran-
dom cargoes have to be handled with some care,
though not much actual weakness has thus far
been shown on really attractive stock. Specials
meet with demand for fall delivery and manu-
facturers adhere to full rates on any outside or
ordinary cutting. For an operating basis about
$13©15 y M. may now be quoted, and $17 the
average top for specials.

White pine retains a firm position, and not-
withstanding the accumulating stocks holders
are very confident. Home wants continue full
and not likely to shrink much, while the pros-
pect for export demand is considered excellent
in every respect. It is claimed that a great
many shipping orders formerly filled at the east-
ward must have come here as the only point at
which desirable stock can be reached. At pri-
mary points the ‘‘ talk” is very firm, and some
of our operators are purchasing at the full rates
asked. We quote $17@19 \) M. for West India
shipping boards ; $24.50@26 for South American
do.; $16@16.50 for box boards ; $17@17.50 for
do. wide and sound do.

Yellow pine has had a few ups and downs of
demand, but as arule dealers express themselves
satisfied with the amount of business doing, and
the market shows quite as good, if not better,
position than usual for the season. Quite a
number of specifications have been accepted on
accounts ranging frsm 100,000 up to 500,000 feet,
and at*ibout former rates. There is some ten-
dency to advance the cost of freight from one or
two points. Randoms are not much wanted,
and would be difficult to sell except at a shading.
We quote random cargoes at about $24@26 {) M.;
ordered cargoes, $26@28 do.; green flooring
boards, $24.50@26.50 do.; and dry do do., $27,-
@29. Cargoes at the South, $15@19 y M. for
rough, and $20@24 for dressed.

Hardwoods in good demand for choice sea-
soned stock and at full rates, the market ruling
quite firm throughout, though it is intimated
that ‘‘indications” from primary points are a
shade easier in some instances. We quote at
wholesale rates by carload about as follows :—
Walnut, $77@85 M.; ash, $85@38 do.; oak,
$40@45 do.; maple, $80@35 ; chestnut, Ist and
2nd, $80@85 do,; do. culls, $18@20 do.: cherry,
$50@55 do.; white wood, 4 and g-inch, $25@27. -
50, and do. inch, $33@35 do.; hickory, $35@45
do. for Western, and $65@75 for good nearby
stock.

Shingles sell well enough to prevent any great
accumulation of supply, and prices are support-
ed all around. The stock is only fair. We
quote Cypress at about $6 for saps and $8,50@9
for hearts ; pine shipping stocks, $4 for 18-inch,
and Eastern saw grades at $2.50@4.50 for 16-
inch, as to quality and to quantity. Machine
dressed cedar shingles quoted as follows :—For
30-inch, $16@22.25 for A and $28.75@33.35 for
No. 1; for 24-inch, $6.50@16 for A and $16.75
@23 for No. 1; for 20-inch, $5@10.50 for A and
$11.24@11.75 for No. 1.

Be Wise and Happy.
If you will stop all your extravagant and wrong
notions in doctoring yourself and families with ex-
pensive doctors or humbug cure-alls, that do harm

always, and use only nature’s simple remedies for all
your ailments—you will be wise, well and happy, and
save great expense. The greatest remedy for this,
the great, wise and good will tell you, is Hop Bitters
—rely on it,—Press,

LUMBERMAN,

CHICAGO.

Aveust 3.—So far as the records show, there
has been no material difference in the movement
of lumber for the past week, as compared with
the one preceeding. The general tenor of our
reports indicates than an active demand pre-
vails, and that the sales of lumber are large and
numerous. We do not think there is evidence
of any particular increase in the volume of busi-
ness doing over the average for July, which, as
is now well known, was the largest for that
month on record, though some of our corres-
pondents assert that the trade in the markets
from which they write is so active that it severely
taxes the capacity of the dealers to keep up with
it. The notable absence of complaints inregard
to the present business may be accepted as pretty
good evidence that it maintains its activity, as
lumber dealers everywhere have become accus-
tomed, this season, to a rushing demand, and
they would be very apt to notice an unfavorable
change in it. On the whole, the Lumberman is
inclined to regard the situation of the lumber
trade as in most respects eminently satisfactory.

Some doubt has been expressed hitherto in
regard to the effect of the rapid advance in
prices this season upon the buyers of lumber in
the country, and some haye even gone so far as
to definitely predict a marked falling off in the
quantity of lumber consumed in consequence of
its increased cost. It will be noticed that in a
number of our reports this week reference is
made to this point. It is evident that in some
markets the operators think they observe that
the demand has been checked slightly by the re-
peated changes in the list, though in the majority
of cases it seems to be the fact that the advance
in prices has made no difference with orders,
There is not enough in these statements to war-
rant the assumption that a dangerous falling off
will result from the higher price of lumber. It
may deter some who have had building enter-
prises in mind from immediately undertaking
them, but not, we feel sure, to an extent suffi-
cient to make adifferenceinthe volume of trade.
Those who have already begun building, or who
have determined to do so, will hardly be kept from

fifty cents from the figures ruling last week, for
all lengths under twenty feet, inferior being
now quotable at $11.50, and good at $11.75.
Longer stuff maintains its value rather better,
and the prices obtained for it are covered by the
range givenaweekago, Cargoesrunning largely
to this kind of stock are generally sold on their
merits, the demand for long-length dimension
being such as to warrant the sellers in asking
more in proportion for it than they get for ordi-
nary stock. Inch lumber is considerably lower
than it has been, some grades having declined
as much as $2 from the former prices. No. 2
Muskegon stock has been sold, it is said, as low
as $11.25, and ranges now from that price to
$13, Other grades are also lower than they
have been lately, and everything is more or less
weak. The probability is that in many trans-
actions the actual prices obtained are lower tham
sellers care to make public, so that it is difficult
to print quotations that represent the market
accurately. The demand for shingles has not
been sharp enough to keep up the price to last
week’s range, and we are compelled to note a
decline of five cents per thousand, the present
rates being $2.75@2.80 and $2.90@2.95 for
Standard and Extra A respectively. It is
claimed that the market for shingles is a trifle
stronger than it was a few days ago, and the
commission men hope to get along without
making further concessions. Lath are steady at
the old figures.

There is some difference of opinion as to what
the immediate future of the cargo market will
be, sellers, even, being by no means of one mind
in regard to it. Some assert there belief that it.
will speedily recover its tone, while others give
expression to the fear that the present weakness
will last pretty well through this month. It
must be admitted that there is considerable un-
certainty about the course it will take, and under
the circumstances one opinion is as likely to
prove correct as another.

Lake freights are unchanged, but weak at the
rates quoted below :—

CARGO QUOTATIONS.

Joistand scantling, green,ordinary lengths$11 50@11 75
Joist and scantling, green, 20 feet and over 14 00@16 00

carrying out their plans by the slight difference | yfi1) run, choice green.......ss+...+0+++- 16 50@21 00
the higher price of lumber would make in the | Mill run, medium, green............+++. 13 0@16 50
uk Mill run, common, “~” . \sssssssseseun ll S@13 w

cost of their improvements. In a general way Shingles, standard. ...\,.::. .sbleaseeensen 2 75@ 2 80
the rise in the price of building material | Shingles, extra A..... ..........++-+ vy 28@2%
Lath : 1 80@ I &

may have the effect to make some people
defer their operations until what appears to

them a more convenient season, but we do not | Muskegon.. 1
regard this probability as of sufficient import- rae in ay =
ance to make it a source of apprehension to] Menominee... 2

: Sturgeon Bay 21
lumbermen. Itis a matter of fact that more White Lake. 175
building is done when prices are high than when | Ford River. ........ssss. seeececcececesseee 200

Receipts and shipments of lumber and shingles
for the week ending August 2:

they are pretty well down towards the bottom,
from which it may safely be inferred that there

is not much danger of trade being cut off in con- RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS,

sequence of any increase in the cost of lumber, Lumber. Shingles. Lumber, Shingles.
. i i i p(B 59,348,000 23,825,000 55,862,000 6,299,000

or any other material that is essential to the - bs 31'872,000 18,6380 $01442/000 2/8220

construction of buildings.

We have to note again a considerable advance
in prices, the action of the dealers at this point
last week having brought forth the usual crop
of changes. For the most part, competing mar
kets follow promptly Chicago’s lead, but insome
instances the necessary advance is made with
some reluctance, the operators evidently fearing
that it will have the effect tocheck trade. With
arising market it is of course to be expected
that lumber will be firm, and generally speak-
ing, no doubt it is so; but, possibly, where the
dealers fancy that they may be losing some
orders in consequence of the high prices, figures
may occasionally be made that are not put down

Receipts and shipments of lumber and
shingles from January 1 to andincluding Aug. 2:.
RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS,
Lumber, Shingles. Lumber. Shingles. -

1881. .862,222,000 362,111,000 936,928,000 77,292,000
1880. .711,082,000 328,265,000 787,430,000 58,428,000

TONAWANDA,

August 1.—Trade is very brisk. Dealers re--
port heavy sales at good prices. Prices have
advanced in consequence of an increased demand
and largely by reason of the rise at Chicagoand ~
Saginaw. Appended find corrected price list,.
indicating an advance in several grades.

CARGO LOTS—SAGINAW INSPECTION,

in the list. It is not to be supposed, however, | Three uppers.............00e+ 0s ss+e-- S33 OO@IS 00
that much of this sort of thing is doing, or that a: "ot ss? Shae ace ee = aes bt

it will produce any noticeable effect upon the
established rates. Theaveragedealer in lumber,
particularly if he has a stock of that article in
his possession, is too firmly convinced that it is
worth a good deal more than it cost him, what-
ever that may be, to part with it at much of a
discount from the quoted rates.

The outlook for trade remains as favorable as

BUFFALO.

August 1.—Trade is good and prices fair.
We have not noticed any falling offin trade, owimg
to the advance in prices. The retail dealers are
in buoyant spirits. The following are the latest

qnotaions for cargo lots :—
Uppers. voc... cccecccccses cevcceseuecens S40 00@50 00

ever. The demand promises to keep up, and | Common..,......... ceeeseee sees ces enee 17 00@20 00

. . 7 AS OL RR ee eS eS Soe es 13 WE@ls wo
hore ec iad pe gee the Dressing Stocks. ..........-ceeeesneeevee 18 WeEW &
continued firmness of prices. Whether the lat- | Dressing sidings, .......-.........s02--+ 17 Weld oo

ter will be advanced still more is a problem.
There is likely to be a temporary lull in the up-
ward movement at present, but we have no
means of knowing how long it will last.

Piece stuff has declined from twenty-five to

America was discovered by Lief Ericcson
the Icelander, in the year 1004, and $56 years
after, the Esterbrook Steel Pen Co., turned ont
their first pen.

1]

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Mr. Tair’s new mill, Gravenhurst, is now in
thorough working order, and is turning out about
30,000 feet of lumber per day. We noticed this
week a new shingle machine on its way to the
mill, Mr. Tait intends to manufacture shingles
and lath as well as lumber.

MINNEAPOLIS.

The Mississippi Valley Lumberman of the 5th
instant says:—The weather of the past three
weeks has been particularly favorable for drying
lumber, and a very large part of the early saw-
ing is now ready for shipment and is being sent
away as fast as cars. can be had upon which to
load it. There is no cessation to the demand,
and all manufacturers are burdened with orders.
The recent advance has had no perceptable in-
fluence on trade anywhere, The fact that the
wheat harvests are now almost beyond the reach
of blight or damage of any kind inspires con-
fidence. and gives a firmness to prices. The
want of cars is becoming an exciting topic with
all classes of business men in the north-west, as
the volume of traffic has passed entirely beyond
all the railroad capacity for handling. There
has been a regular blockade in the shipping
yards of Minneapolis during the last few weeks,
owing to want of room and cars, to which trouble

ALBANY.

Aveust 2.—The Argus has the following :—
The most important movement in the district
since our last report was fully set forth in yes-
terday’s Argus, in giving the action of the trade
on Monday, in which every house we believe
participated, advancing the quotations of pine
lumber, viz., $1.00 # M. feet on common ; $2.00
® M. feet on intermediate grades, and $3.00 #
M. feet on uppers and inspected pickings, and
pretty generally through the list. This is no
sensational movement, but is taken by the trade
in self-defense. Until yesterday pine lumber on
dock at the Saginaw mills was, when the trade
there would consent to name a price, bringing
as much money as at Albany. At present
writing the Saginaw holders of lumber refuse to
name a price for their stocks, not for the want
of any logs, nor from any lack of demand, but
the largely and steadily increasing trade renders
present and future values there, as here, uncer-

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,
paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000 ; and above
percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

J. T. LAMBERT,

Lumber and Commission Agent.

FOR SALE.
150 Mlls. White Pine, 1 x 10 Stock.
Ie ‘4 do 5 gat 4

tain. In Canada the lack of water has hung up| the railway employees added a strike, which “u « do ae 10 te

so many logs on the streams that lumber is in‘| practically suspended business last week and led 20“ do Dixaa | tt
light supply at shipping points. Whether this] toa general public movement for relief. We 1 ff a2 ia Siding.
state of things is to continue much longer, until | estimate that Minneapolis is 15,000,000 feet be- ay ks P do 2x10 Joists.
. . 3 A 7 ee Yedar, 3x6 a

it will be too late to change the present aspect | hind in shipments. {ph hediaages tinal atictt

News from all western markets indicate a
perfect willingness to follow Chicago up on prices
as often as she chooses to move, and all agree
that the demand is beyond precedent and pres-
ent facilities for doing business. The notable
event in the north-west is the apparent success
of the movement to organize the lumbermen’s
association, as we consider this an assurance of
harmony which will secure steady uniform prices
for lumber throughout the north-west.

of things is, of course, uncertain ; but through-
out the Dominion, as on the Saginaw, all kinds
of lumber are bringing and are held at much
higher figures than were current in the winter.
The sales here last week included the following
round lots of common box at the then ruling
prices: 1,500,000 feet, 1,700,000 feet, 1,000,000
and 500,000 feet ; 600,000 feet various grades on
p. t. To-day the market has a very. healthy
aspect ; a sale was made early of 1,400,000 feet
common box, we presume, at the advanced
prices. Wedo not think there is any material
addition to stock.

Hardwoods are steady and firm.

The stock of coarse lumber is getting very
light ; the demand is good at unchanged prices,
but the trade here is cautious as to accepting
orders in the present uncertainty of getting stock
from the Northern mills, whence the report is
dry ! dry!

Shingles are in demand at quotations.

The receipts of lumber by lake at Buffalo for
the week ending August Ist were 9,887,000 feet,
and by rail 103 cars. The receipts by lake at
Oswego for the week were 7,044,800 feet.

The receipts by canal at Albany from the
opening of navigation to August 1st were:

Bds. & Sctl.,ft. Shingles,m. Timber,ft. Staves,lbs.

APPLY AT THE OFFICE,
WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA.

WISDOM & FISH

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

RUBBER HOSE, STEAM PACKING,
LUBRICATING OILS, COTTON WASTE

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings,

DULUTH,

Aveust 1.—Prices remain unchanged, but
with an upward tendency. The advance in
manufacturers’ prices has apparently not affect-
ed the retailers, who have put up their own as
much, and in some cases more, than has been
done in this market. Along the Northern Pa-
cific railway building continues brisk, and the
demand for lumber good.

And all Articles used in the Application of Steam
to Machinery.

No. 41 Dock Street, St. John, N. B.

(SMALL’S BLOCK.)

All work War-
ly-L20

WANTED.

CHERRY, WHITE ASH,

AND

Apparatus furnished on application.
ranted.

Treatment for Ringbone.

Ringbone consists of inflammation of the joint
of the foot and deposit of bony matter just above
the coronet and above or below (or both) the
pastern joint. In the end the bony matter cov-
ers the joint and renders it immovable. The
treatment of a newly-formed ringbone consists
in giving the animal rest; use a high or low-

Sage pit na eee heeled shoe, as the case may need, and as the
=. f fey 6 a ; be horse walks on the toe or heel. To reduce the WALNUT LUMBER.
iver freights are steady : heat and inflammation, apply cold water with —
To New York, @ M ft.......-............ $ @1 00 | wet bandages, and when this has been effected
Peay Bridgeporieteiss a. eae se. «is ces cons ons 1 ei : , i [
So es Se @l 371 | apply a blister made of 20 grains of corrosive | QUote Price delivered, and Carefully

To Providence, Fall River and Newport.... 2 00@2 25

a sublimate and camphor, 10 drops of muriatic ; A :
a Pawinihkobaee ans devs. 01-1’ o.ss:0150 98 2 25@2 50 : = =
iy Morwalics scoacemenseseces. cccccacccnes 1 SSI 30 | acid, and one ounce of oil of turpentine. When Describe : Quali ty 2 Widths, Leng th,
To Norwich. cessesssccswssesec LLL Ga go | the blister is formed the part is washed and] Thiekness, and how long Sawed.
aE ae @1 75 | greased with lard. If this is of no avail, firing ‘ :
pa Pees Tere S ie may be used with benefit, especially witha young ROBERT C. LOWRY,
TT SS eee i horse. One ounce of hypo-sulphite of soda may

: ae at the yards are as follows :— be given daily for two weeks to remove any 16 ee ae t

ine, clear, #@ M...... $53 00063 00 | » ; L ine Street, New York.
Pine, fou ps. 48 00@58 00 rheumatic tendency.

ine, selects.. . 43 00@53 00
Pima, ped tex. - 15 00@30 00| As the result of observation, and from the PQ RTLA N D FO U N D BR
es wae oe pap - oo ian a testimony of trustworthy men, the following is rt.
Pine boards , o-in. o 7 RL, nage . 00 26@28 00 | about the average growth in twelve years of the —

ine, 10-in. 8, Culls..+-...++... --- 00 18@00 19 | leading desirable varieties of timber when pl
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., ®M.......... 25 00@30 00 : en plant-
Pine, 12 in. boards, oc i aS 95 00@30 09 | ed in belts or groves and cultivated :—White JOSEPH McA FE ES
Pine, 1p in. siding, slect..0000°1011111. 40 obaae op | MBPIG one foot in diameter and thirty fect Coe auk gape
Pine, 11-in. siding, common............. 16 00@19 00 | "16; ashieat maple or box-elder, one foot in .
Pine, 1-in. siding, select................. 40 00@42 00 | di Ee .. | Warehouse Main St., St. John, N-B.
Pine, inch siding, common.............. 16 00@19 00 ae Se oe reer, Sone hi gh ; . ya f SS ‘. :
Spruce, boards, each. ae 00 00@00 16| Willow, one and one-half feet in diameter

MD ais 018 ¢ ME iS a F -

meee a 00 Uowaoy 3p | and Bity feet high; yellow willow, one and one- | AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS,

half feet in diameter and thirty-five feet high ;
Lombardy poplar, ten inches in diameter and
forty feet high ; blue and white ash, ten inches

Spruce, wall strips, each................. 00 11@00 12
emlock, boards, each...,.........+20++ 00 00@00 13
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each................ 00 00@00 31

Hemlock, joist, 24x4, cach .............. 00 00@00 13

MANUFACTURER OF

make the attempt in such a condition when it can be

80 easily and cheaply removed b i i
nc srt ig ply y alittle Hop Bitters.

goods in my line for Ships’ use.

hah poo ye 4 each... 09 00200 10 | in diameter and twenty-five fect high ; black | C00King, Ship, Parlor & Office Stoves
Ash, second quality, Ss... eee 25 00@30 00| Walnut and butternut, ten inches in diameter
Try, g Seas de vcisies. wae «dz nase 60 00@70 00 i
Cherry, common, @M..+s+-60... 00002 25 oo@es 00 | 224 twenty pe eh i ae
MOOR AP Motos) 5 ceedea'r eye s'a's nic 28 00@423 00 9. 8A AL. a
Oak, second quality, he aoe ae 20 00@25 00] AT Taylor's mill, Gravenhurst, on Tuesday J
Basswood, @ Misccssovcces voscses A 25 00@28 00 : : 5
ar hl esta ca al a he He Mr. Wm. ree who was ae at the trim- Ship W indlasses, Capstans, and
Maple, Canada, #M....... PE Re 26 00@30 00 | Ming saw, by some means had his h : ; :
Maple, American, per M.......+0..00.... 25 0028 00 | against re | of th 1 5 = ssn Ship Casting s of all kinds,
ETS UP cst, Seek 35 00@40 00 | -~ © saws, lacerating the back of (MADE TO ORDER.)
Shingles, shaved, pine, WM... +... 0 00@ 6 25 | the hand to some extent.
‘ Qn qua) ity aes 0 00@ 5 00 LL . i
“ extra, sawed, pine............+ 0 00@ 4 40 No Good Preaching, _ Power Capstans, Patent Ship Pumps
“clear, TDR ee PB Ee 0 00@ 320) Nom d ei: 1 ith C nD 2
“ cedad, inked 0 00@.4 00 an can do a good job of work, preach a good | 1Y Wit: opper Chambers, 120
“cedar, XXX 0 002) 3 25 | 8 ood article when he feels miserabld a tage we | Lead & & Water Closets & all
‘ hemlock 4 iz , I miserable and dull, with
Lath, bcutocke ~ Mi re gy Fd sluggish brain and unsteady nerves, and none should raeaes Weck caper ae @
175
2 00

0 00@
0 00@

formerly owned by BURTON
Machinery{ and also Wharf,
Cottages
of Lower Canada.

2119 M. A.

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. jy:16

L120

Rubber = Leather Belting

N.B.—Estimates for Steam and Hot Water Heating

Work done to Order with Quick Despatch.

Mill Property for Sale.
That Steam Saw Mill, at the Village of Cumberland,
& WATSON, with all
Store-house, and several
Apply to the Union Bank

on the property.

ANDERSON, Manager.

CANOES!

The undersigned keeps Canoes suitable

for LUMBERMEN, SPORTSMEN and
others constantly on hand. Price List on
application.

WILLIAM ENGLISH

1481 PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.

EPPS $ COCOA

BREAKFAST.
“By a thorough knowledge of the natural laws
which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition,

and by a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
fast tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bills.
judicious use of such articles of diet thata constitution
may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
every tendency to disease,
dies are floating around us ready to attack wherever
there is a weak point.
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service
Gazette.

It is by the
Hundreds of subtle mala-

We may escape many a fatal

Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold in

packets and tins only (4-lb. and Ib.) labelled

JAMES EPPS & CO., Homeopathic Chemists,
London, England. 119-ly

Has no equal for the permanent cure of
Coughs, Colds, Sore Throat, Asthma, Croup,
Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and

all Lung Diseases. ¢
se Ev, bottle guaranteed to give satisfaction.
T. MILBURN & CO., Proprietors Toronto. 7

KERR DROS.

PRACTICA

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw ald Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS. :
#e® Plans and Specifications on application. eR

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881. 12n16

JUST PUBLISHED |
LOVELL’S GAZETTEER

___- BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.

Containing the latest and most authentic descriptions of over SEVEN THOUS-
AND FIVE HUNDRED CITIES, TOWNS and VILLAGES, and of over EIGHTEEN
| HUNDRED LAKES and RIVERS in the Dominion of Canada;a TABLE OF ROUTES
'shewing the proximity of the RAILROAD STATIONS, and SHEA, LAKE and RIVER
_PORTS to the CITIES, TOWNS and VILLAGES, and a neat COLORED MAP OF

|THE DOMINION,

1"
{

7 ne Rie ty a

| pai
Price in Full Cloth, $3.00. Will be Mailed on Receipt of Price.
JOHN LOVELL & SON,

u19 Publishers, Montrea:

ROBIN &

MONTREAL
Wi cicputniens

1yL18

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
‘at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

| THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.

a

‘Tepe PIOD puy

.Provincial Exhibition 1871
.Centennial Exhibition, 1876

International Medal and Diploma, Sydney, Australia, 1877

CUI AAL ee eae Tee

6LEI ‘UOWIGINEA Lelyenpul ‘UeZ1O JO[Ieg 10J pepe AIUO
SLEI ‘MONIGIUxM peutAcsg ‘UeZIO JO[Ieq 103 pepe ATMO

O8sI “e1erq{sny ‘AoupséS 0 OUR 00 OOO

Medal and Diploma..... .......
Medal and Diploma...........-

== = —
The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that

Hl
| we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best inthe market. We GUARANTEE ALL
| UR ORGANS for five years, Correspondence invited, Illustrated Catologue mailed free.

W7. 3 Eda Bor-G @:

E17 41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GU‘ELPH, Ont, | LUMBERMAN,

LUMBERMAN.

The Best Axes in the World!

P, Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.) EXTRA and STANDARD LEATHER BELTING
Jowitt_& Nicholson 2nd CUT FILES. LATH YARN.

GEORGE STETHEM

PETERBOROUCH, ONTARIO, 12-137
Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware.

The Rainer Piano Always Triumphant !

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:

At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, Ist Prize, Diploma & Medal for Best Square Pir ino
At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition - - - - - Ist Prize and Diple ma
At Brantford Southern Fair - apes - - - Ist Prize and Dipl »ma

At Guelph Central Exhibition - - - lst Prize and Dip’ .oma
2SEND FOR CATALOGUE.“@X ;

RAINER, SWEETNAM & HAZELTON,

MANUFACTURERS,

GUBLPEL, ONTARIO.

The Largest Manufacturers of

SHEET IRON ROOFING: 4

IN THE UNITED STATES.

Can give the Best of References in
every State and Territory.

POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP’Y,

101, 108 and 105 West Front Street,
CINCINNATI.
All Kinds of CORRUGATED IRON Furnished.
Send for Illustrated Circulars, baming THE Me

—

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

MARSHALL MURRAY

} . h ~ a > ee ; Z
\ N () oO » a) oN —_ iS f ' 7 i q C » 0
Gd AaASS@LOURGECL
UES “SEs RESON A O'S yy | Q Soins

N

MANUFACTURER OF

CHURCH BELLS

bs ee

Of a TONE and PRICE |

LLS

TSE Col one Nai Hae

“ALL REQUISITES IN BRASS FOR SHIPS FURNISHED.

iSO:

S = = =

Corner of Francois and Roch Streets,

|
|

PALACE HARBOUR, ST. ROCH, QUEBEC.

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LUMBERMENS STATIONERY,

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber
Shanties and Offices at City prices.

Shanty Settlements Office Letterheads
Shanty Orders Office Noteheads

| Shanty Receipts Office Envelopes

\ | Shanty Time Books Office Cards

| Shanty Log Books Office Notes

f Shanty Reports Office Drafts

, Shanty Ledgers Office Orders

| Shanty Cash Books Office Receipts

| Shanty Way Bills Office Blnak Books

Drive Books | Office Ship Account Books

And everything necessary to a complete office outfit.
All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices.
Book- Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.

Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

TOKER: @GO,

“THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,” 4
PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

mA VET LON, CAN ADA.

SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

Superintendent.

JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton,

Secretary-Treasurer.

GILBERT HART, Detroit,

President.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

OBE TRO TT

EMERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

\ And Specially Adapted

For Saw Gumming

These Wheels are
Wire Strengthened \

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, -
GALT. MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO,, Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,
ST. CATHARINES. TORONTO.
WE ALSO REFER TO
WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ., | Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,

lyLlé

Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. Lumber Merchants.

16

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

M. Covel’s Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW
STEAM FEED!

I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam
Feed, having put inseveral which are giving the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
WM. HAMILTON, Esq,, Peterborough.

DEAR Sir—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 18 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst,

ToroNTO, August 11th, 1880,
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.

DEAR S1IR—The Steam I'eed you put in is working splen-
dly. Yours, &e,,

THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

MILL MACHINERY!

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for all
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Vircular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &e,

Horizontal Engines and Boilers

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
= with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
Flouring Mills, Woollen and QGotton Factories, or large
il i i i , WAT eg = Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
a iL ! WN IN | } 2 justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish

ae

i Hil i

on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.

‘i

I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour, 110

WILEIAWE EI A WEI. TON,

PED Ei BOG sr Ee, Oiante:

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, bowever, Saw Gumming Wheels haye become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock.
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round,

or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of all in use are beveled. ’
Tne principal sizes are:

| )

aa t 10x \ ai | | Hol

8 > XS \ 3; 12x3 | _ Holes,

aa ‘ # in. hole, 10xi ? 2m. hole. 12x8 [ 3,2 and linch.

a 10x8 12x}

12x% J

Probably more wheels 12x, 12x} and 12x} are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won't touch it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

A QUHSTION, OF) Qe ALA.

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almostevery use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved On wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some othgr make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities to match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you @ Tanife Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world, Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class 2”
It cuts fast and keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the * Pocono,”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as ‘‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiney in grain and softer than either of the above. As aSaw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Mlustrated Cireulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application. wis

The Tanite Co. Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

PUBLISHED
SEMI-MONTHLY.

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada. eer LANOM

VOL. 1.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., SEPTEMBER 1, 1881.

NO. 21.

A DESPATOH from Buffalo, dated August 11th,
says :—‘‘ At a joint meeting of the Buffalo and
Tonawanda Lumber Exchanges held here to-
day, it was resolved to advance the prices of
pine lumber $1 per thousand feet on all grades
below shelving, and $2 on shelving and higher
grades. The established terms hereafter will be
60 days, or 13 per cent. off for cash.”

THe fire in Bronson’s lumber piles on the
morning of August 16th is believed to have most
satisfactorily settled the problem whether a fire
in that locality could be extinguished. Great
satisfaction is expressed among mill owners.
Bronsons & Weston gave a checque for $100 to
the benevolent fund of the fire brigade in ackow-
ledgment of their services. The loss will not
exceed $1,000. .

A Boston furniture factory is making some
chairs and tables from oak logs taken from a
bridge in Germany. They have been in the
water since the year 780, and are consequently
about 1,100 years old. The logs are ina re-
markable fine state of preservation, and they

show no sign of decay after penetrating two |

inches below the surface. The color is a sort of
brownish-gray, the fibres are fine and close,
giving to the wood evidence of being capable of
high polish. The logs were imported by a
gentleman, for whom the furniture will be
made,

Tue Jeffersonian of Stroudsberg, Pa., has just
_ been shown the certificate of award—which, by
the way, is a magnificent specimen of the en-
graver’s art—and a beautiful bronze medal,
issued to “‘ The Tanite Co., of Stroudsburg, Pa.,”
by “‘ The Sydney International Exhibition” of
New South Wales, Australia, forwarded to T.
Dunkin Paret, Esq., President of the Tanite
Co., by the commissioners for the United States,
appointed by the Government of New South
Wales. A similar award, similarly obtained,
was not long since forwarded to the Company
from the recent International Exposition of
Geneva, Switzerland. The emery wheels of
this company have obtained world-wide renown,

A LEADING match-splint manufacturer of Ca-
nada is authority for the statement that there
are about twenty-two match factories in the
United States and Canada, and that the daily
production—and consequent daily comsumption
—is about 25,000 gross per day. In each gross
of matches manufactured there are 144 boxes, so
that the 25,000 gross produces 3,600,000 boxes.
Each box made in the United States, where a
duty of one cent upon every box of matches is
contains 100 matches, so that the number
matches produced and used daily amounts to
LINN. Counting that it takes a second to
i cach match, to light the 360,000,000 would
take just that number of veconds, This gives

6,000,000 minutes, or 100,000 hours. In days of
twenty-four hours each, it figures up to 4,1663,
and gives eleven years and five months, with a
couple of days extra as the time occupied during
every twenty-four hours, by the people of North
America—not figuring on the Mexicans—in
striking matches. Figuring a little further it
gives 4,159 years time in each year.

THE increase in the value of the Michigan
forests within the last dozen years is probably
unprecedented in the annals of thelumber trade.
Twelve years ago, a man with a few thousand
dollars to invest, bought a tract of land in Men-
ominee county, Michigan, from the United
States for $1.25 per acre. Wednesday he sold
2,875 acres of pine timber from the same section
to a Chicago lumber firm for $25 per acre, re-
serving the land for himself. The investment
has therefore paid a profit of over $68,000 on the
2,875 acres in only twelve years, the original
investment being less than $3,600, and, as the
land is worth something, ‘‘the returns are not
all in yet.”

THE Stanton (Mich.) Clipper has recently in-
stituted an investigation into the pine resources
of Montcalm county, the result of which is
stated in the following paragraph :—“‘ It says
that its success in obtaining exact figures was
only partial, but believes that the estimates
given may be relied upon as very close to the
actual facts: Day township has 7,000 acres ;
Cato, 1,000 acres; Perris, 1,560 acres; Belvi-
dere, 1,000 acres ; Home, 7,920 acres ; Douglas,
1,920 acres ; Pine, 640 acres ; Evergreen, 1,920
acres ; Crystal, 4,000 acres; Richland, 5,000
acres ; Sidney, 1,040—making a total of 33,000
acres of pine in the country that has never been
cut over. The quality on an average is very
good, and it will cut according to the best esti-
mates*we have been able to obtain, about 792,-
000,000 feet of lumber. This, of course, is ex-
clusive of a vast amount of pine that has been
cut over once or twice, leaving a quantity of
good lumber and shingle timber. There are
probably also small tracts of good pine that
have not been reported to us, but the above ap-
proximates very nearly the quantity of standing
pine yet remaining to be cut in Montcalm
county. At the present rate of manufacturing
it, our timber will be entirely used up within
the next five years, except perhaps a few tracts
that men of means and foresight may hold for
the higher prices that are sure to come. In the
same five years, at the rate at which clearing
has been going on and improvements are being
made, good, well-improved farms will have
sprung up to take the place of the pine, and the
transition from a lumbering district to a fine
farming country will hardly have been noticed ;
yet the two conditions of the country will be so
close together that they will stand out in bold
relief,’ i vo

THE PREDICTED TIMBER FAMINE.

In a recent issue, the Leffel Mechanical News
makes some very sensible remarks on this sub-
ject.

Regarding the supply of pine timber in this
country, says the News, its rapid disappearance,
and the prospect of its speedy exhaustion, we
gave a few weeks since some figures which are
not a little alarming, but are believed to be en-
tirely authentic. It does not add to the cheer-
fulness of the situation to know that in the mat-
ter of our resources of oak and walnut lumber
we are no better off. Both these woods, but
especially the former, are of such vast utility in
our manufacturing industries that they have
been justly considered indispensible, and no
theory has ever been formed, so far as we are
aware, of the means by which their loss could be
made good. But it is daily becoming more ap-
parent that the problem will, at no remote
period, imperatively demand solution, and that
one of two alternatives must be chosen ; either
the production of these varieties of timber must
be stimulated, or substitutes be found which
will answer in their place.

So far as oak is concerned, the case is not yet
so desperate but that economy in its use, and
above all an immediate check to its needless
destruction, may be a sufficient remedy, at least
for the needs of the present generation. The
insane propensity for clearing land, whether it
is useful for agriculture or not, and whether the
timber is to be turned to any account or not,
ought to be restrained by a penal statute. It is
carried in some instances to such an extent that
nothing short of a deliberate purpose to im-
poverish the country, to bring droughts and
hurricanes, to ‘‘sow the wind and reap the
whirlwind,” can explain the conduct of the land-
owners. Individual freedom is so much prized
by our people that a restraining law on this sub-
ject would probably be difficult. of enforcement ;
but agricultural societies, granges, farmers’
clubs, and public journals of whatever class, can
do very much in this behalf by disseminating
the facts and bestowing wholesome advice on
this vitally important subject.

The market for walnut lumber has already
been seriously affected by the approaching scar-
city. A ‘‘corner” has even been attempted by
a few particularly shrewd dealers ; and manu-
facturers of furniture are considering what
course they shall adopt when the time comes in
which they can no longer, even at a heavy ad-
vance, obtainthis much desired material. Noth-
ing else is so well adapted to the purposes for
which it is used ; and even of the unsatisfactory
substitutes proposed, the supply is not to be
depended on. Mahogany will take its place to
some extent, but the tendency here also is to
increasing scarcity, as the trade is destructive
to the vessels engaged in it, owing to the stormy
latitudes which they are compelled to visit. The

gum tree is also recommended, and as a material
for veneers is found to be nearly equal to rose-
wood, free from shrinkage, and taking an admir-
able finish. Beech, birch and red oak have been
resorted to in many cases, and will necessarily
be used more and more frequently as the covet-
ed walnut becomes higher in price.

The true remedy, after all, is to make good
the deficiency, not by seeking poor and unsatis-
factory substitutes, but by producing as fast as
we consume. Groves of walnut trees should be
planted by thousands of acres in every part of
the country where they have a natural home,
The experiment has been tried with perfect suc-
cess in the south, in the west, and in the north-
west. The great difficulty is that a term of
years—say from fifteen to twenty—must elapse
between the investment and the return; and
however sure the latter may be, it requires to
be waited for, which is the one thing of which
the average American citizen is not capable.
We have not much faith, as a rule, in any good
to be accomplished by interference on the part
of the government ; but if the legislature of
every state were to give a bounty of $1 for every
tree planted, we are confident that surprising
and beneficial results would in due time be re-
alized. A dollar in the hand—such is the charm
of certainty and the bliss of actual possession—
would go farther than the prospect of fifty in the
tree.

ONTARIO TIMBER LIMITS.

The Ottawa Free Press says that Ottawa lum-
bermen will be interested in the statement made
by the Parry Sound Worth Star that the Ontario
Government contemplate offering the townships
in that district not already under license for sale
as timber limits at an early date. Itis generally
believed that the Government own no more un-
sold limits of any extent or value. This is a
great mistake. There are yet some two thou-
sand square miles of unsold Government limits
in the district alone, lying on the upper waters
of the Muskoka, the Magnetawan and the
French rivers. Every township in the district
is now more or less settled, and in order to save
the timber from destruction by fire, though
clearances are being made in every direction, it
is absolutely necessary that the townships should
be placed under license. Many of those limits
are very fine, and will no doubt realize a hand-
some bonus. No better time for such a sale
could be found, and the wisdom of the Govern-
in taking advantage of the present boom in tim-
ber lands to dispose of such limits as it is neces-
sary for the public interests to sell cannot be
doubted.

THE spool factory lately erected at Jacquet
River, county Restigouche, and only in operag
tion a few months, was totally destroyed by fire
on the morning of August 12th. There is said
to be some insurance, but the loss is very heavys

2

“THE{CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE MOUNTAIN FORESTS AND WATER

SUPPLY OF THE CONTINENT.
BY DR. JOHN A, WARDER.

The mountains were intended to be perpet-
ually clothed with forest growths, at least to the
timber line, at a varying elevation depending
upon latitude, where arboreal vegetation is re-
stricted by the low temperature that approaches
The traveller, to

the conditions of congelation.
be of any use to himself or to others, should
keep his eyes open and observe every phenome-
non as he passes through’the country.

Limited observations, when among the Rocky
Mountains a few years since in Colorado, and
more recently in a journey on the Medicine-Bow
Mountains of Wyoming Territory, have given
the writer still firmer convinctions of the truth
of the first proposition, which had already been
accepted, as truly set forth by forest writers of
of Europe, and read in the open book of nature,
as it was unfolded before his eyes in the Alpine
regions of that continent. But these journeys
among the Cordilleras of our country, exposed
as they are and have been to the ruthless and
wanton destructivenessof ignorant and thought-
less man, have filled him with serious apprehen-
sins respecting the future water supply of our
western rivers.

The destruction of these mountain forests by
fire is indeed a most fearful and melancholy sub-
ject to contemplate. An inspection of portions
of the public domain by one who has studied the
subject, and who has either read of or witnessed
the disastrous effects of the spoliation of the
forests in elevated mountain heights, cannot fail
to fill the mind with the most serious apprehen-
sions,

The efforts of the Secretary of the Interior on
behalf of the forests are highly appreciated by
those who have made a study of the influence of
the woods upon the country’s water supply.
The mountains (up to a certain elevation, close
to the limit of perpetual congelation) were de-
signed for the forests, nor should they ever be
stripped of their arboreal covering, for, as the
Secretary has well said in his annual report of
1877, if the forests in such regions be once de-
stroyed, they will never be restored. The
rationale of the action of the forests as receivers,
reservoirs and fountains of waters, is perfectly
simple and familiar to all students of forest
science, and may be understood by any one of
common powers of observation, who may have
had his attention directed to the conditions of
earth’s surface in a wood that is ina state of
nature. The fallen trees and branches, the
undergrowth, the mosses and other herbage,
among the decaying leaves, the accumulations
of years—all these, and the leafy canopy above
—break the force of the falling rains, which
come quietly to the earth and are there arrested,
and instead of rushing tumultuously down. to
lower levels, they are absorbed as by a sponge,
until, although gradually percolating into the
soil, they reach internal cavities or porous strata,
from which they are gradually distilled through
perennial springs that keep up a constant and
regular supply for the streams and rivers,

But to return to Wyoming, to scenes so re-
cently visited—while traversing a broad plateau
of the range, and passing through a glorious
forest primeval, the traveller closely scrutinized
the trees. These were chiefly pines, and almost
exclusively of our species (pinus contorta), but
among them, in the lower and damper spots, the
most lovely firs and spruces reared their tall
shafts, clothed with a mystic drapery of depend-
ing boughs, bearing the silvery green foliage of
the Menzies, Douglas and Englemann’s spruces,
and of the Grandis firs.

While contemplating these noble trees, we
suddenly came upon a scene of appalling desola-
tion. Upon a tract of many square miles in
extent, as far as the eye could reach in every
direction, over many thousands of acres, there
was not a living tree to be seen, All, all, were
standing bare, stark and stiff in death; their
tall dead trunks blackened by fire, except where
time had kindly come to their relief and stripped
off the bark, leaving the bare poles that stood by
the way like shivering ghosts, waiting in purga-
tory until storms of years should prostrate them
to the earth that bore them, when they would
at length gradually crumble into mould to reno-
vate the soil, which had been deprived of all

vegetable humus by the fierce*flames of the con-
flagration.

The forest is destroyed, the noble trees are
dead and gone, too often never in our time to
return, to be a kindly covering and a befitting
garniture to the sad wastes, and to clothe these
mountain sides with verdure, Continued and
continuous desolation is their sad doom.

Practically speaking, this is and must be so.
Whence can come the seed germs for the future
aforesting of such extensive tracts? Man, the
improvident destructive, will not do it. The
kindly winds can transport the winged seeds but
a short distance from the parent trees. The
cumning and provident rodents have a still more
limited range within which to carry the seeds
they may gather, and with wise instinct store
up for their hyemal repasts, from which a few
might escape, to germinate and form nuclei,
producing at length seeds for further distribu-
tion in the future.

Ages must be required to restore these forests
in the slow course of nature, and meanwhile the
degrading agencies of every storm will be carry-
ing away the soil, and scarring the mountain
sides with frightful gullies and chasms, occupied
at times with violent torrents, for there is no
longer any herbage, no moss or bush, nor any
debris to cover the surface, and, spongelike, to
absorb and retain the precipitated moisture.

Yes, our worthy Secretary was perfectly right
in his- assertion that in these bared mountains

the forests would never be restored, when thus’

ruthlessly destroyed. In certain situations and
over such vast areas, practically speaking, in
reference to any period of time that it is worth
our while to calculate upon, any time that we
or our progeny for many generations need take
any account of, this,is sadly true.

But, it may be asked, cannot these terribly
destructive fires be prevented? Cannot these
calamitous results that must inevitably follow
be avoided? Yes! yes! they may, and they
must be prevented, and that at once, lest our
fair continent become a desert, unfitted for the
many millions it is capable of happily sustaining
upon the broad territory of its beautiful bosom.

This is indeed a great question, and only re-
quiring the exercise of a high order of states-
manship. It is truly a difficult question, but
the interests at stake are enormous, and are of
infinitely greater importance to this NATION than
deciding who of all the great army of office-
seekers shall be gratified by an appointment to
this or that petty office under Government ; and
yet there are those who were sent to guard the
great concerns of the State who cannot spare
time from the scramble after office to listen, to
study, nor to advocate matters of such great im-
port as this. Oh, that we could be blessed with
arace of statesmen something better than poli-
ticians, and capable of grasping and of solving
such questions as this !

Yes! the interests at stake are truly enor-
mous ; they involve the welfare of the country,
since they concern the permanence and the very
existence of our rivers. If their consideration
be neglected, will not some future explorer of
the vast Sahara, that may extend eastward from
the base of these mountains, find, amid the
shifting sands of that wide desert, only depres-
sions of the surface to mark the ancient beds of
our great rivers and their tributaries in that
American Sahara, a8 Champollion has observed
them in the wastes of Northern Africa, ot which
he said: ‘f And so the astonishing truth dawns
upon us that this desert may once haye been a
region of groves and fountains, and the abode
of happy millions. Is there any crime against
Nature which draws down a more terrible curse
than that of stripping mother earth of her
sylvan covering? The hand of man has pro-
duced this desert, and, I verily believe, every
other desert on the face of the earth. Earth
was Eden once, and our misery is the punish-
ment of our sins against the world of plants.
The burning sun of the desert is the angel with
the flaming sword, who stands between us and
Paradise.”

But how shall this great work, the preserva-
tion of the mountain forests, be accomplished ?
How shall we preserve these treasure-houses of
the snow and rain that they shall steadily distil
the streams which are to fill our rivers?

It may be effected by wise legislation after
we haye enlightened the public upon the subject

of an advanced forest science,and educated them
up to a proper and just appreciation of the im-
portance and of the especial functions of the
forests on these mountain heights, as condensers
of moisture, as receivers and as reservoirs of the
water supplies of a large portion of the conti-
nent.

When so educated, and fully informed upon
these important truths, with an enlightened
public sentiment, the people will become more
careful in the use of this dangerous agent ; they
will be more watchful of their camp fires, they
wiil compel others to be more careful, and they
will stamp out the first beginning of a confla-
gration.

In addition to this enlightened sentiment, and
complimentary to it, legislation will be needed
to operate on those who may wickedly or ignor-
antly transgress. Some of the excellent sug-
gestions of Mr. Schurz were incorporated in the
bill of Senator Plumb, of Kansas, last winter
(S. 609). They might prove valuable as pre-
ventive measures, especially the appointment of
forest guards, as prop®sed in the 3rd section.
Section 13 is intended to prevent fires on the
public domain, whether in prairie or timber.
Such a provision has never existed in the case
of Government lands, though provided for by
some of the states.

The losses by fires are enormous, and should
be prevented.

Some of us know by sad and painful experi-
ence how difficult it is for the philantropist,
who presents a simple proposition for the public
good, however great its importance, to arrest
the attention of the public. We have also learn-
ed how almost impossible it is to reach the ear
of the law-making powers, and to excite in their
minds an active interest in such questions as are
here presented ; in a word, how herculean an
undertaking is presented, when we attempt to
educate the people, and those who represent
them in the Halls of Congress, up to a proper
and full appreciation of such a subject as this
of Forestry, which so deeply concerns the public
weal, Z

More especially unpromising does such an
effort appear, when an attempt is made to im-
press upon their minds the absolute necessity of
keeping these extensive ranges of mountain
heights in a condition best adapted to attract
and condense the atmospheric moisture, to re-
ceive the precipitation, to retain it for a time,
and then gradually and quietly to give it off
through perennial springs, as limpid fluid, to
supply the fertilizing streams that shall fill the
rivers which are so happily and extensively dis-
tributed over our great continent.

You who are engaged in forest studies, you
who are engaged in planting trees, will unite in
presenting our thanks to Secretary Schurz for
the noble stand he has taken in defence of the
forests on the public domain, and for the part
he has taken to call public attention to the vast
and wide-spreading influence exerted by them
on the present and future welfare of the country.
Long may he be permitted to prosecute these
noble efforts in behalf of the protection, preser-
vation, and extension of our woodland heritage !

Mr. President, the above paper is but a re-
petition of an open letter addressed to the
secretary of the Interior, which may never have
fallen under the notice of any of your members.
No apology will be offered, however, for pre-
senting it to men like yourselves, even thus at
second-hand, because you are known to be in-
terested, as western-tree planters ever are and
should be, in everything that relates to this
great question of trees. Situated as you are, on
the great open plains, this is to you especially a
vital question, and this aspect of the infinite
value to you of the mountain forests cannot be
devoid of interest, even in the imperfect manner
of its presentation by such a tyro in forests
science as your friend W.

Wicked for Clergymen.

Rey.—, Washington, D. C., writes: I believe it to
beall wrong and eyen wicked for clergymen or other
public men to be led into giving testimonials to quack
doctors or vile stuffs called medicines, but when a really
meritorious article made of valuable remedies known
to all, thatall physicians use and trust in daily, we
should freely commend it. I therefore cheerfully and

heartily commend Hop Bitters for the good they have
done meand my friends, firmly believing that they have
no equal for family use. I will not be without them,”
—New York Baptist Weekly.

A NEW LUMBER DISTRICT.

A correspondent of the Toronto, Ont., Glol
who is writing for that paper from Britt
Columbia, includes in a recent letter some
teresting information in regard to the lum
and logging business of the Province. The p
from which he writes is New Westmins
located at the mouth of the Fraser river, an¢
very near the boundry line between that Pro-
vince and Washington’ Territory. It is :
largest manufacturing point for lumber in Bi
ish Columbia, and will, no doubt, become
center of one of the most important producin
districts on the Pacific before many years. T ‘
country adjacent to it is rapidly settling up, and
we are informed that the business of turning th
timber wealth of the country into cash al:
occupies a large proportion of the people. he
forests are the continuation of those immense
timber tracts that have made Oregon and Wash-
ington Territory famous, and the trees contained
in them are similar in size and other respects to
those found there. Speaking of the remarkable
size that the timber attains, the Globe corres-
pondent says:—As the trees in the woods
through which we passed, on the Hastings road,
were such monsters, I was curious to know how
they could be cut down and hauled about.
Miles upon miles of timber exists on the inlet
of the Douglas fir species, as well as cedar. Un-
less one saw these trees he would searcely credit
the fact that such did exist anywhere. In
numerous instances they rise a perfectly limb-
less trunk for 200 feet, and then over another
100 feet above that, with small limbs.

About three miles from Granville I saw trees
felled that were 320 feet in length, and eight
feet in diameter. There were hundreds like
these all round, The woodman cuts a hole in
the tree, about four feet from the ground, into
which he inserts a board having sharp iron
prongs. This resembles a spring-board. On
this he stands while swinging his axe. The axe
is the same as is used in the east, but much
longer in the handle, generally four feet ; oeca-
sionally a shorter one is used for the outside cuts.
As he enters the tree the resin runs like water,
and every blow spatters it in every direction.
So soon as the tree is down the woodman attacks
another. His business is to lay it on the ground.
Following him comes the sawyers, who cut it
into the required lengths ; then the “‘ barkers.”
Every inch of bark is peeled off before leaving
the spot where it feel, to enable it to be moved
round conveniently by the teams. In thiscamp
an ox team of twelve oxen is employed to bring
the logs to the road on which the traction engine
runs. Strong pulleys, with endless chains, are
used to get the log so the team can get a haul
onit. Come away it must. Scarcely a word is
uttered to these dumb brutes. The driver is
merciful on the score of shouting, and uses a
goad. He stands in the middle of the team, has
a long pole, in the end of which is inserted short
spikes. A few dabs of this into the hide of the
bullock has the desired effect, and off they go,
pulling all together for dear lifeas itwere. They
take to the ‘“‘station ground,” on an average,
logs that will manufacture into 8,000 feet of
lumber. The road on which the traction engine
runs is constructed of split cedar, and hewed
down perfectly level. In the center of this road-
bed, at distances of seven feet apart, are placed
concave blocks of maple, on which the logs can
ride. As they move along, the “‘greaser” ap-
plies dog-fish oil to each one. The log being
free of its bark, the oil takes effect, and along
it glides, apparently with perfect ease. The
engine makes four trips a day to and from the —
water, into which the logs are rolled, and thence
are towed to the mill by atug. Following the
logs to the mill we saw them hauled up the gang-
way and placed upon the carriage ; two circular
saws in very short order take off the slab, one
saw being suspended and revolving over the
other. The lumber cut is taken on board a ves-
sel lying at the wharf. loading for Hong Kong.

Having heard that the mill across ee
was a very complete one, we decided on visiti
the Moodyville mill, in which Senator Noland
largely interested. Here we found matters ve
similar to those at Granville, except that 0)
gang of thirty-six saws is used for cutting t
log after it is slabbed. The machinery here He
of the very best description, and all of thela st
design, The power is obtained froma tur

a

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 5

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY) THE KEY TO HEALTH.
(| Burvock BLoon.

A Novel Mountain Railway.

A curious project is on foot in connection with
the well-known baths of La Raillere, in rance,
The hot sulphur springs which constitute the
attraction of the neighborhood are high up on
the mountain, and at a considerable distance
from Cauterets. in the valley below, where in-
valids are wont to take up their residence, An
engineer has been putting his wits to work to
construct a railway for this journey on an en-
tirely novel plan. His ideais ingenious, whether
or not it be practicable. He has planned a rail-
way line like a flight of steps, with an hydraulic
lift at each of them. A carriage to convey
passengers from the village in the valley to the
hot baths up the mountains is run on the lower
step, and started down a slight incline towards
the mountain. It is pulled up by a powerful
break as it reaches the platform of the first
hydraulic lift, which hoists it up to the second
step, when it again runs forward on an incline
until it reaches the second lift. This, in like
manner, raises the carriage another step, and
allows it to run forward, the hydraulic ma-
chinery each time raising it rather above its in-
tended destination, so as to get sufficient velocity
from gravitation to carry the vehicleZforward.
Gravitation is the power relied on for a forward
motion, and a powerful waterfall higher up the
mountain is brought under the yoke for the ver-
tical lifting. Each lift is placed in a kind of
tower, and as there are several of these, and the
machinery must be a rather costly item, it must,
we should imagine, be a somewhat doubtful ex-
periment financially. The scheme, however, is
none the less curious and interesting as an engi-

water-wheel of fifty horse-power, which drives
the planing and such like machinery, while a
low pressure engine 750 horse-power drives the
saws. A very ingenious edger is in use here,
with which, being adjustable, a wide board can
be cut into any width desired while passing
through, as there are no less than twelve small
circulars in the mandrel, or shaft. Logs were
brought in on the gangway at one end of the
mill in our presence, and sent out at the other,
and into the hold of the vessels, of which there
were two loading, one for China and the other
for South America, each having a carrying
capacity of 1,500,000 feet. The lumber was cut
to fill a bill, none of it being less than twenty-
four feet in length, principally thirty-six and
sixty, and some square timber as high as 120
Y feet, which will give your readers some idea of
the length of the carriage ways. The company
owns all the houses and ground at Moodyville,
and no liquor is allowed to be sold on its
property.

There is an abundance of timber on Burrard’s
Tnlet, to last for many years’ cutting. Theland
is of an inferior character for agricultural pur-
poses, where such heavy timber grows, and very
expensive to render fit for cropping, as the
stumps are such monsters that thousands of dol-

lars would be required to remove them from

even an acre of ground. The delta lands of the
_ Fraser are generally overflown by water in the
summer, and during the high tides in December.
They afford very good pasturage for stock, and
as considerable rain falls on the mainland west
of the Cascade range, pasture is good from early

BT, Cr ewO se.

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOPOZDICAL
INSTRUMENTS. ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. L19-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.

TRUSSES.

CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
all attachments improved. No more
buckles, all on solid brass casting.
Book onruptureand human frame free.
Send address in full post card. Best
. true information about rupture and
deformities. CHAS, CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
118} King Street west, Toronto. 12113

CANOES!

The undersigned keeps Canoes suitable
for LUMBERMEN, SPORTSMEN and
others constantly on hand. Price List on
application.

WILLIAM ENGLISH

8u14 PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

IRWIN & BOYD

Unlocks all the clogged avenues of the
Bowels, Kidneys and Liver. carrying
off gradually without weakening the system,
all the impurities and foul humorsjof the
secretions ; time Correcting
Acidity of the Stomach, curing Bili-
ousness, Dyspepsia, Headaches, Diz-
ziness, Heartburn, Constipation,
Dryness of the Skin, Dropsy, Dim-
ness of Vision, Jaundice, Salt Rheum,
Erysipelas, Scrofula, Fluttering of
the Heart, Nervousness and General
Debility ; all these and many other simi-
lar Complaints yield to the happy influence

of BURDOCK BLOOD BITTEBRS.
Sample Bottles 10c ; Regular size $1.

For sale by all dealers.
T. MELBUEN & CO., Proprietors, Toronto

iz AN

Wy}

at the

same

rar

{ELE MING:SON

a
3 spring until late in the fall. Plenty of lumber
is procurable for fencing purposes, while plenty
_ of timber for building can be procured at any of
the mills at Westminster, Emory, or Popham,
and Janded anywhere on the river’s bank. The
streams pouring down the mountains afford
ample mill sites, and as these streams are never
failing, no fear need be entertained of failure in
the supply of water.—Worthwestern Lumberman.

THE AUSTRALIAN TIMBER TRADE.

Messrs. Gemmell, Tuckett & Co., in their
monthly timber report, dated Melbourne, June
6th, state that the improved demand for all de-
scriptions of building materials has been main-
tained during the past month, and the list of
sales by auction shows that a large amount of
business has been carried rhrough.

AMERICAN LUMBER.—Sales ex Titan, Edmund
Phinny, Great Surgeon, from the United States,
and Trevellyan and Cedric the Saxon, from Lon-
_ don. Michigan clear pine brought £18 2s. 6d. to
_ £18 7s. 6d. for fair quality, and £15 2s. 6d. for
inferior ; Canadian clear, £17 10s. to £17 5s.,
11 x3 ; Canadian clear, from London, good con-
dition and fair quality, £15 15s. to £15 5s.; 7x3
to 17 «3, coarse and in bad condition, £5 12s.6d.
£7 2s. 6d.; w. p. shelving, 12 inches wide, £12 ;
do., wider, £11 15s.*to £11 12s. 6d.; clear do.;
wide, £14 5s.; w. p. t. and g. ceiling, £9 2s. 6d.
to £8 17s. 6d. per thousand feet. super ; market
closing firm at these rates, with good demand.

Ship-Bouilding.

Hairax, N.S., August 22.—There seems to
be quite a “hum” in ship-building in Nova
Scotia. The following vesseis will be launched
ext month :—1,000-ton barque, by Osmond &
rien, Noel; 800-ton barque, by Dr. Brown,
Maitland ; 1,300-ton ship, by Capt. Cox, Mait-
- Iand ; 1,000-ton barque, by McLellan & Black,
_ of Great Village. Alfred Putnam, of Maitland,
_ is about laying the keel of a 1,100-ton ship, and

Capt. Ellis, of the 2,500-ton ship, W. D. Law-
| fence, is about to commence a sister ship at
pee R. P. Crickter, of Kinsport, has
taken the contract for a 2,100-ton ship for C. R.
‘ _ Burgess & Co., Cornwallis ; the vessel to class
4 years and to be launched in July, 1882. At
_ the same place Vanghan & Power have laid the
keel of a 1,800-ton ship for R. M. Rand and
thers, Messrs. Churchill & Sons, of Hants-
port, heve just launched the Shetland, of 1,530
, the largest barque ever built in Nova
They are aleo beginning to build an-
or large barque.

neering device.

be found at La Raillere.

being carried out.

summer complaints, diarohwa, dysentry,
morbus, cholera infantum, sour stomach, colic, nausea,

vomiting, canker, piles, leucorrhea, and all manner of

fluxes.

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,

paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000; and above

percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
Good sample rooms on

large, well-furnished rooms.
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.
b26 WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

Caledonian Hotel,
GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,

within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling.

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,
Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.

&@ Every accommodation for Commercial and

LUMBERMEN.
u14 W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find “‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free ’bus to and from trains and
steamboats. b26

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

Of course, it would be applic-
able only to such special circumstances as are to
A good head of water
would be indispensable ; and this feature in the
neighborhood may possibly permit of the idea

Dr. FOWLER’s ExtRAcT OF WILD STRAWAERRY cures
cholera

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. iy:16

lyu1h

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,
Shipping»General Agents
PORT HOPE.

Whoever youare,
whenever you fee
that your system
needs Ce) ton-

ing, or Hl :
withoutintoxicating, ||
take Hop
Bitters.

Have youdys-
pepsia, kidney frame
or urinary co

Rochester, N. Y.
& Toronto, Ont.

GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.

EPPS $ COCOA

BREAKFAST.

“By a thorough knowledge of the natural laws
which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition,
and by a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
fast tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the
judicious use of such articles of diet thata constitution
may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
every tendency to disease, Hundreds of subtle mala-
dies are floating around us ready to attack wherever
there is a weak point. We may escape many a fatal

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping,and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.

FLEMING & SON,

114 26 Colborne St., Toronto.

will save money by going direct
or sending to F. CRUMPTON, 83
King St. East, Toronto, for their
Watches and Jewellery, or Silver-
ware and Clocks, etc. If you can-
not come yourselves send your
orders and I will guarantee just
as good satisfaction as by a per-
sonal selection. Goods guaranteed
exactly as represented or your
money refunded. Watch and Jew-
g ellery repairing and manufactur-
ing by competent workmen at
Reasonable rae We make a
specialty of HEAVY CASED
WATCHES suitable for Lum-
bermen.
&@% Prices cheerfully furnished
on application.
Remember the address

SS,

F.CRUMPTON

83 King¥St. East,

TORONTO.

oA

+

ee

eee

shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame.” —Civil Service
Gazette.

Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold in
packets and tins only (4-lb. and 1b.) labelled

JAMES EPPS & CO., Homeopathic Chemists,
London, England. 119-ly

Fourtais or Livzis theblood. Keep the foun-
2 and all the tributaries of health are in good
tion. Wurdock Blood Bitters will cleanse the
l from all the impurities, expelling Scroffula and
; ore, tones up the debilitated system, regulat-
the liver, bowels and kidneys, and brings health

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER.
L12-ly

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. | et

SAW MILL BURNED.
A large lumber mill belonging to White
Clarkson & Co., New Haven, Conn., stood close
to the frontier line, between Abercorn and Rich
ford, but was totally destroyed by fire in the
forenoon of Saturday, August 6th. The fire be-
gan a little after 7 a. m. in a building adjoining
the engine room, packed with shavings for use
in heating the boiler. Its cause is not certaix
known. It is supposed to have originated frome —
heating of the damp shavings, or to have beer
set on fire by a spark from a locomotive,
railroad track being close by. Explosion of the
boiler was feared, but did not occur. The flames
were carried by a south wind directly over the
main building, and all was consumed, togethe
with 700,000 feet of lumber ready for shipping
which was piled up behind it. By noon there
remained only the brick walls of the boiler-
house, its blackened engine and tall iron chim-
ney. It is said that this engine has now passed
through the fire for the fourth time. Longrows
of black beams marked where the great flame
building stood. Nearly all the machinery was
destroyed, or too much damaged for use. The
planing machine is sound, the fan or blower in-
jured. Happily no lives were lost, nor not any
serious accident occured among the 150 or 200
volunteers who gathered from Abercorn and
Richford. The burning sun of that morning,

over those now most sought after in the two
hemispheres. Still richer is the country in tim-
ber for the purpose of construction. The acapu
(Voucapoua Americana) is most plentifully
found there, and often in the most imposing
proportions. Mr. Mauris has seen dining tables
six feet in width made wholly out of one piece.
The wood, like all its kindred macaranduba and
itauba, or stone wood, furnishes ship timber as
durable as teak. The longer these remain in
water the stronger and harder they become.

THE TIMBER QUESTION,

BY DR. JOHN A. WARDER, OF OHIO, PRESIDENT
OF THE AMERICAN FORESTRY ASSOCIATION,

the example of the late Leonard Case and a few
other large owners of city lots. An elm set out
by him 1824 still thrives near the south-west
corner of the post office. Its girth two feet
above the pavement, is seven feet, and conse-
quently its diameter is two feet five inches. In
1836, the Hon. John W. Allen, John M. Ster-
ling, and the late Charles M. Giddings planted
native trees in front of lots in which they were
interested. By their exertions, the village cor-
poration authorized the same to be done in the
north-east quarter of the public square, and in
1839-40, in other parts of it, under the direction
of John Willis. Those trees are principally
elms, and now, after a life of thirty-five years,
are from one and a half to two feet in diameter.
By observations upon nineteen cultivated trees,
whose age was known, I find that the average
increase in diameter is about two-thirds of an
inch each year; the annual layer or ring of
growth being not far from one-third of an inch.
For light lumber and wooden ware, the white
wood or poplar, the white pine, chestnut, and
the linden or basswood may be used in thirty
years from the seed. Three to five years may
be gained by transplanting young trees. In a
field of seedlings the less thrifty can be profit-
ably thinned out and used as fuel, at twelve or
fifteen years ; and the ground will*then produce
pasturage. If at the expiration of thirty or
thirty-five years it shall be entirely cleared,

This is a matter which has no polities in it,
but which has already become an important
question. In the new north-west part of the
State, the people are yet laboring to get rid of
the forest, but in the old and early settled por-
tions it is evident to everyone that the war of
the axe and the trees has been earried too far.

It is certainly one of the functions and one
@ ithe duties of the Legislature to consider this
tmatter. It is an agricultural question also ; and
swhy that Board and the College has not given
aattention to it, is something of a mystery to us.

The first we heard of it, as a practical effort,
came from the State Horticultural Society, in
the form of a petition for a law encouraging the
culture and preservation of forest trees. This
was referred to the Committee on Agriculture
in the House. Next came a memorial from
Colonel Whittlesey, a member of the Commit-
tee of the American Association for the Ad-
vancement of Science, presented by Mr. Chap-
man, which had the same reference as that of
the Horticultural Society. The Committee of
the American Association have presented the
whole subject to Congress and the Executive, so
far as it has connection with the public lands.
President Grant has sent in a message to Con-

A SUBSTITUTE FOR WALNUT.
BLACK BIRCH TO BE THE WOOD OF THE FUTURE
—AS DURABLE AND HANDSOME AS WALNUT.

A short time ago a local sketch appeared in
the Globe deploring the exhaustion of the supply
of walnut. Since that time the subject has been
discussed in most of the Canadian papers, and
many suggestions have been offered as to the
kind of wood that might be used as a substitute.

A Globe reporter interviewed several extensive
furniture dealers and lumber merchants on the
subject, and all were unanimous in saying that
the only good substitute is black birch, which is
rapidly coming into favor. Black birch is a
close-grained, handsome wood, and can easily
be stained to resemble walnut exactly. It is
just as easy to work, and is suitable for nearly,
if not all, the purposes to which walnut is at

gress, and that body is effectually at work offer-
ing land bounties for tree planting on the
prairies. ‘

The future consequences of the destruction of
timber will be appalling if they shall be the
same here as in other countries—with our rapid
modes of doing everything, this future may not
be very distant. Itis the object of the Scien-
tific Committee to collect the faets respecting
timber destruction as they have developed in

cultivation.

kept good.

the soil will be found restored and ready for

Every farm of one hundred acres should have
at least fifteen acres in growing woodland, in
which, by proper care, the crop may always be

As the primitive forest is thinned out for tim-
ber, or by natural decay, by a proper and well
advised attention to the second growth it will

Europe.

renew itseif perpetually.

take much stock in it.

saw-mill for $16 per thousand feet. When pro

tinguish the difference between it and walnut,

present applied. Birch is much the same color
as cherry, but asthe latter wood is now so scarce,
and consequently so dear, the dealers do not
It is with difficulty that
cherry wood can be obtained at $50 a thousand
feet, while birch wood can be purchased at any

perly stained, it is almost impossible to dis-

as it is susceptible of a beautiful polish, equal to

however, intensified by fire, prostrated Lyman
Smith, of Richford, and two or three others.
Dr. Smith was present aiding the sufferers, who
were taken toRichford. Several adjacent build-
ings caught fire, but all were saved except the
frame of an old barn. Nearer to the fire than
this stood a small house occupied by the fire-
man, Dane. It was saved, but all hands being
occupied, his wife (who can speak but little
English) was alone with her baby, and fainted
from terror and excitement. The only water

any wood now used in the manufacture of fur-
niture. When it became known throughout the
States and Canada that the supply of walnut
was almost exhausted, the dealers set their
brains to work to find a substitute, and
now since birch has been thought of the price is

In this State, besides the ordinary uses for
timber on farms, there is an extraordinary de-
mand for fuel and ties, by railroad companies.
Their fuel may be obtained from coal mines, but
no substitute is known for wooden ties. The
roads of the State now require for repairs, with?

available was a small pond near by. Mr. Priest,
the manager, did all that conld be done with
great coolness and energy, and constant exer-
tion. He expects it to be rebuilt immediately.
—Cowansville Observer.

The papers before our Legislature refer less
to the general subject than to what pertains to
Ohio, for it is not in the power of Congress to
do much for us. This we must do ourselves.

Mr. Chapman reported a bill which has not

yet been discussed, which embraces only the

encouragement of trees in the public highways.

Something more than this must be done event-
ually ; but this isa good beginning. The sub-
ject will work its way into notice from the
necessity of the case, though its progress may be
slow. Some two years since we cuddled the
forest trees somewhat, as may be seen by our

files, but with very little effect.

People are slow to perceive the advantage of

what seems to concern posterity. To show that
the growth of trees does not inure to future
generations entirely, we quote largely from the
memorial of Col. Whittlesey, which was printed
by the House, He says:

The benefits of tree planting may be felt in
fifteen or twenty years, and timber cut in thirty
to thirty-five years.

In Salisbury, Connecticut, on the rocky slopes
of the Taconic mountain, too rough for cultiva-
tion or even pasture, the spontaneous growth is
cut once in twenty-five years for making char-
coal, and pays the interest on $100 peracre. It
is divided into twenty-five belts or strips, run-
ning from the base to the summit of the moun-
tain, one of which is cut away each year. I
have seen in southern Tllinois, in 1882, a small
growth of oak and hickory, on the borders of the
prairie, which in 1848, after a lapse of sixteen
years, was large enough for many uses on the
farm, making two posts or two rails.

In Aurora, Portage county, there is a farm
where the shell-bark hickory has been allowed
to grow in an old slashing. After twenty years
these trees produced a profitable crop of first-
class nuts ; and the larger ones were cut for axe
helves and pick handles. Old settlers of Stark
county, Ohio, have told me that where, in the
year 1800, there were openings covered with
bushes not as high as a man’s head, in 1850 the
trees were few of them less than fifty feet in
height. In Massachusettes a white pine, which
had been transplanted, attained a diameter of
two feet (at two feet above the ground) and a
height of eighty feet in thirty-five years.

The City of Cleveland has acquired the title
of the “ Forest City,” on account of shade trees
planted in the streets and public grounds, most
of them within twenty-five years, This was
brought about by public opinion, cultivated by

out regarding the laying of new lines, about a
million and a half of ties annually.

What is necessary here is the preservation of
a proper proportion of wooded land, which is not
only valuable property, but is indispensable to
When the

the full enjoyment of the remainder.
growth of native timber is wholly destroyed in
the ancient States of Europe and Asia, the re-
gion becomes, in process of time, a desert, or so
near it to be of little value. The reasons why
growing trees have such an important influence
upon the increase of inundations, and conse-
quently of low water and of drought, the dimin-
ution of atmospheric moisture, which affects
vegetation of all kinds, the increase of heat in
summer, and of cold in winter, rural beauty,
shade, health, and numerous consequences that
come on slowly, but in time produce prodigious
results, I do not at this time propose to give.
Inset We

TIMBER IN BRAZIL.

Within an area of half a square mile, Agassiz
counted 117 different kinds of wood, many of
them admirably fitted by their hardnéss, tints
and beautiful grains, for the finest cabinet work.
The muira-pinima, tortoiseshell wood, undoubt-
edly the. most precious wood in the world, is
found in large quantity on the tributaries of the
upper Amazon, where the water can be easily
used as a motive power. The paode sangre, the
rosewood, the pao de ferro (iron wood), or apulela
ferrea, the various species of jacaranda known
to natural history students under the name of
dalbergia nigra, meehzerium violaceum and pla-
typodium elegans, the white and black mara-
quatiara, the macacauba, the pao santo or holy
wood, and the sabuarana, both of which are
rivals of the most beautiful walnut—are wasted
yearly on the Amazon in amounts ample enough
to veneer all the palaces of Europe. Maurice
Mauris, the explorer, believes that with the
facilities which the Brazillian Government is
ready to impart to enterprising industry, the
export of these commodities would develop im-
mense profits in the shortest time, while the
capital invested need not be enormous. It is
only necessary that these woods be introduced

into the market to obtain a decided§preference

slowly advancing.
AMPLE SUPPLY.

In the forests throughout Ontario birch grows
in abundance, especially if the land be not too
boggy. There is a great difference in the wood
of different sections. Where the land is hig
and dry the wood is firm and clear, but if the
land where the wood is grown be low and wet.
the wood has a tendency to be soft, and of a
bluish color, In all the northern regions it can
be found in great abundance, and as the tree
grows to such a size, little trouble is experienced
in procuring a large quantity. The forests of
the Manitoulin-Islands abound with it, as well
as those of the Peterborough and Haliburton
districts. 'The Muskoka district also contains a
plentiful supply.

AN ARTICLE OF EXPORT.

During the past few years large quantities of
this wood have been exported from the Province
of Quebec at a low figure, but this will be stop-
ped when it is known that it is to take the place
of walnut in the near future. It is very easily
detected among other trees on account of its
height, large trunk, and the peculiar color of its

coarse bark. Most of the perforated chair bot-

toms now in use are manufactured from it.
There is a species of bird’s-eye birch,. but it is
very scarce, and is not more valuable commer-
cially than the plain woods. In consequence of
the prospect of its speedy substitution for black
walnut, it should be husbanded with the great-
est of care.
HARD TO FLOAT,

An evidence of the weight and solidity of the
wood is the fact that it will sink after being a
few days on the water. This fact is a slight
drawback to the work of having it conveyed to
saw-mills. One of the principal means resorted
to is binding it together with pine logs, and thus
it is brought to the mill, but pine cannot always
be found where birch grows, and it is then
necessary to haul it, sometimes a great distance,
with the aid of horses.

The golden age—the present—when Ester-
brook’s popular Steel Pens are within the reach
of all, The stationers can supply them.
Wholesale by the leading Toronto stationers,

AMERICAN BARGES.

A recent determination of the United States
authorities to enforce the strict letter of the law
concerning lumber barges, in the carrying trade
tween the Canadian rivers and New York, is
likely to benefit barge owners. Hitherto it has
been customary for large American barges load-
ing lumber at Ottawa for New York to take a
full load, which averages about 175,000 feet. A
barge with such a load as thiscannot pass through
the Champlain canal, owing to the insufficient
depth of water. The custom, however, has been
for years past to transfer a portion of the barge’s
cargo to scows drawing little water, and bring
the lumber into this country in different por-
tions. According to the strict letter of the
United States law, when a vessel clears from
foreign port, with a certain quantity of any kind
of freight, it must arrive with the same quantity
specified in the clearance papers. With regard
to the lumber laden barges passing through the
Champlain canal, this has, for years past, been
winked at for the convenience of shippers, but
the United States authorities have now decided
to rigidly enforce it. This will have a detri-
mental effect on shippers, but will benefit
owners, as under the new regime they will be
unable to take more than 125,000 feet of lumber
to the barge load, thus necessitating a greater
number of trips. It is believed that toward the
close of navigation, when there will be a large
lot of lumber to come forward from Canada, the
barge owners will take advantage of the nev
state of affairs to raise their rates.—Worthwestern
Lumberman.

Buttermilk as a Summer Drink.
An Americcan physician asserts that for
hot-weather drink nothing equals butte
It is, he says, ‘“‘ both drink and food, and
the laborer is best known, It supports the sy:
tem, and even in fever will cool the stomacl
admirably. It is also a most valuable domesti
remedy. It will cure dysentery as well anc
more quickly than any other remedy known.”

milk.

vig, ver and Kinet female complaint nero
iver ani ney ery
aad geteral debility, ond builad up the entire syst
when broken down by disease, ;

rad

‘ THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 5

Ohips.

An English firm is said to have offered Mr.
David Moore $300,000 for his timber limits situ-
ated on the C.P.R.

THE men are at work grading the road for the
mew siding by which the Grand Junction and
Midland cars will have access to Hazlett’s mill.

_ THE supreme court of Maine has decided that
_ sawdust and shavings are included in the act
prohibiting refuse from being thrown from the
mills into the Penobscot river.
A Burraio despatch dated August 15th, says
_ that lumber freights are more active, several
boats having been loaded for New York at the
rate ruling for some time past, namely, $2.50
per ton.

THE flywheel to the engine in Henderson
Brothers’ mills, Montreal, Quebec, is the largest
ever put up in Canada, it being fourteen feet
four inches in diameter, and thirty-two inches
face. The double belt made for it is full hide
swidth—twenty-inches wide and eighty feet long.

" A LETTER from a Chicago lumberman speaks of
the great lack of dock room on which to handle

the great amount of lumber which has been
; pouring into Chicago during the last few
; weeks. It says that in consequence of this
,"

- there was a falling off of 50 cents during a day
or two of last week to save demurrage, but adds
that prices rallied quickly.

A BOSTON paper says that a short trip among
the lumbermen fully substantiates the statement
made a few days since that the Eastern furniture
_ manufacturers aro seriously troubled at the

scarcity of black walnut timber, and that the
whole supply in the United States has now

become entirely inadequate to the demand.

An Ottawa correspondent writing on August
18th, says that a raft belonging to Mr. J. R.
Booth is now running the Chaudiere slides.
Rafts belonging to Campbell Bros. and McLach-
lin Bros. are above the Chaudiere. The raft of
the latter is said to be the finest taken out this
year, and is said to have been sold at 40c. a foot,
to be delivered at Quebec.

A Fire Broke out in McArthur and Rayside’s
saw mill at about four o’clock, on Aug. 19, at
South Lancaster and lasted about one hour and
a half, burning the saw mill down to the ground.
The machinery is damaged considerably. The
mill was insured in the Queen’s of Toronto for

AUTOMATIC FIRE SPRINKLERS.
A recent issue of the American Machinist con-
tains a very interesting account of a series of ex-

extinguishing fires in sawmills or other establish-
ments that are in danger of quick destruction
by fire. The report will prove interesting to
many of the Zumbermen’s readers, though we
are not inclined to think that it determines con-
clusively the relative merit of the different de-
vices tested. We extract from the ‘article as
follows :—

For many years the most hazardous portions
of mills have been defended against fire by par-
allel lines of perforated pipes, extending across
the room near the ceiling, and connected with
a water supply, furnished by pumps, reservoirs
or tanks, so that the room may be showered by
opening a valve on the outside of the building,
This arrangement is particularly valuable in
rooms difficult of access from the outside, where
the contents are very combustible, or where the
smoke is too pungent for human beings, as that
of loose cotton.

Notwithstanding the absolute necessity of
such apparatus, the use of this system has been
open to serious objections. Property is fre-
quently damaged by water let on the sprinklers,
by accident or malice; the orifices in the
sprinkler pipes are liable to be obstructed by
paint or rust; and in case of emergency the
water cannot be concentrated on the fire, but
will be spread over the whole or half of the
room covered by that system of sprinklers. The
efficiency of the best planned system of pipe
sprinklers is limited by the vigilance of the one
discovering the fire, and the presence of mind
which opens the right valve.

Within a few years there has been another
type of sprinklers, termed, from the method of
their operation, ‘“‘automatics.” They each con-
sist of a rose head, or its equivalent, for throw-
ing water in an upward direction over as large
an area as is practicable. The distributing pipes
and their branches are arranged so that these
heads are about one foot from the ceiling, and
ten feet from each other. These heads are kept
closed by thin metal caps over the top, or valves
within, either being secured by bismuth solder,
which melts at 165° Fahrenheit. (Composed of
one part each of tin. lead and cadmium, and
four parts of bismuth.) For dry rooms and
similar places, an alloy which fuses at 250° is
used. The water pressure remains constantly

periments with different styles of sprinklers for

The Largest Manufacturers of

SHEET IRON ROOFING

IN THE UNITED STATES.

Can give the Best of References in
every State and Territory.

POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP’Y,

101, 103 and 105 West Front Street,
CINCINNATI.

All Kinds of CORRUGATED IRON Furnished.

Send for Illustrated Circulars, naming Tue CANADA f g

LUMBERMAN,

12u11

83° OHAMBERS ST
g W_ YORK

P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.) EXTRA and STANDARD LEATHER BELTING

Jowitt & Nicholson 2nd CUT FILES. LATH YARN.

GEORGE STETHEM

PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO,

12-117

_ two thousand dollars. The estimated loss is : ;
- eight thousand dollars. The cause of the fire is | UPO? these sprinklers, and when the heat in ely ;
~ anknown. portion df the building exceeds the melting} Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware.

A CORRESPONDENT writes from London, Eng.,
-+to a furniture journal that American whitewood
as yery much used for ebonized work. It is
found to take the stain remarkably well, and is
generally preferred to any other kind of wood.
‘Well squared, straight, round logs, of American
walnut are quickly bought up at good prices. It
is the poor quality, faulty, and ill-made log
that are difficult to place.

A report from Beef Slough, Wis., last week,
says the total number of Jogs consigned to the
different mills down the river, to date, is 256,-
821,810. The total amount rafted is about
267,000,000. The amount rafted last week was
about 17,000,000 feet ; but hereafter, owing to
the rapid decline of the water, the rafting will
not exceed much more than 2,000,000 per day,
and it may stop altogether, until the fall rise in
about two weeks.

Fina arrangements have been completed by
Messrs, Allan, Grant & Co., of Ottawa, to send

to this city a large number of cars of square

timber, consigned to Messrs. Cook Bros. & Co.
_ The first train of this wood is expected here to-
_ morrow. A switch will be run on to the custom
_ house wharf to accommodate this cargo, which,
when arrived here, will be thrown into the pond,
enclosed by a boom, then rafted and towed to
“Messrs. Cook’s cove.

~~ --

—

; A New Invention.

An improved machine for passing logs over
«dams has been patented by Mr. David B. Wea-
ver, of Hopewe) Township, Huntingdon County,
4. This invention consists principally in pro-
ing the top of the dam with a strong beam or
having any suitable number of radial arms,
beam or shaft being adapted to be turned in

over the dam,

bearings by any suitable means for throwing

point of the solder, the head is opened, and the
water flows from the nearest sprinkler. The
first supply is usually from a tank placed in the
mill tower, and this is supplemented by a re-
serve supply, furnished by pumps, or a reser-
yoir. The lowering of the water in the tank
sounds an alarm, by means of an appratus
which rings a bell or blows a whistle. This
system of automatic sprinklers is no
new and untried experiment as the representa-
tives of the various sprinklers have constructed
buildings in which hundreds of fires have been
set and extinguished. There have been twenty-
one fires in mills put out by automatic sprink-
lers, and in no case where properly supplied
with water have they proved inadequate to
serve their purpose.—Worth Western Lumber-
man, e

Spiders Obstruct the Telegraph.

One of the chiet hindrances to telegraphing in
Japan is the grounding of the current by spider
lines. The trees bordering the highways swarm
with spiders, which spin their webs everywhere
between the earth, wires, posts, insulators and
trees. When the spider webs are covered with
heavy dews they become good conductors and
run the messages to earth. The only way to
remove the difficulty is by employing men to
sweep the wires with brushes of bamboo; but
as the spiders are more numerous and persistent
than the brush users, the difficulty remains
always a serious one.—Scientific American.

ZoresA.—A healthy man never thinks of his
stomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkable
compound for clensing and toning the system, for
assisting the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
properly perform their duties in assimilating food,
Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of
your druggist. A few doses will surprise you.

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PR
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this ye .eir Organ
and American makers.

WH RHCHITV HD

we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market.

-Provincial Exhibition 1871
..-Centennial Exhibition, 1876

International Medal and Diploma, Sydney, Australia, 1877

Medal and Diploma..... .......

Medal and Diploma...........

‘TBPPN PIOH puy

O88I ‘aljeaqany ‘foupsg WB rete ee eeees

BLE ‘UONIGIUXm Telayenpur ‘UBdIO IO[Aeq 1OJ [Bpoy, ATU
BLBI “UOTVIGIUxe [wlouyAorg ‘ues10 AO;Aeg OF IBpeW AtuO

We GUARANTEE

IZE (Gold Medal)
J a ar for their Organs over all the English
This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.

CHATHOMUM HM

The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that
ALL

OUR ORGANS for five years, Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catologue mailed free.

WM = jee 8G CI}.

L17

41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GUELPH, Ont.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
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Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
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Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
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be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. SEPT. 1, 1881,

WASTE OF TIMBER.

Some of the writers in the lower provinces are
calling the attention of the people to the serious
waste of wood arising from the careless way in
which forest trees are cut. Mr. EK. Jack, of
New Brunswick, shows a loss to that country of
upwards of $500,000, on the lumber which has
been cut on the Crown lands alone in that
Province during the six past years. If to this
be added the loss on that cut on the New Bruns-
wick Land & Lumber Co.’s property, containing
1,600,000 acres in round numbers and on other
land owned by private individuals, this will be
vastly increased,

We wonder very much that the Govern-
ment of New Brunswick, as well as the Land
and Lumber Co. referred to, do not take joint
action in the matter of cutting spruce logs, and
compel the party cutting to run the log into the
branches until it reaches a point where the
diameter shall be at least not less than nine
inches at that end.

The matter of forest fires arising from settle-
ment merits the most serious attention of all of
the provinces. We are informed by leading
lumbermen on the St. John that settlers are
allowed to locate themselves on spruce lands on
the rivers in the Province of Quebec, where they
can only eke out a miserable existence from
farming, and that the fires which have extended
from these settlers’ clearings have cost the Pro-
vince of Quebec hundreds of thousands of dol-
lars in loss of stumpage on the St. John river
and its branches alone.

We are informed that under the existing law
regulating the survey of saw-lows in New Bruns-
wick, these are required to be not less than (11)
eleven inches in diameter at the top end. We
are also informed that this law has received no
attention in so far as its revision (which is much
needed) is concerned, for many years.

Would it not be well for the Province of New
Brunswick, which is so much interested in this
matter, to examine into the working of the law
as it now stands, and to cause such amendments
therein to be made as the circumstances and the
times require, these being far different from
what they were when the law was framed ?

A prsraton from Ottawa says it is under-
stood that Mr. David Moore of that city has
closed with an English company for his timber
limits on the line of the Pacific railway,

9 | Ottawa begins to rise, it will improve.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

OTTAWA.
From Our Own Correspondent.
LUMBER TRADE.

The lumber business is somewhat duller than
it was two weeks ago. Recent sales, however,
have been at prices slightly in advance of those
secured in the spring, the recent advance in
lumber at Albany and Tonawanda having made
the market here firmer. It is quite evident that
the cut of the Ottawa valley mills, and princi-
pally those of the Chaudiere, will not be so
large as that of last season, owing to the quan-
tity of logs that will not reach their destination.
There is no marked changes in lumber quota-
tions. Stock lumber runs from $18@23 per M.
according to width and quality, and siding from
$20@30 per M., according to thinkness, width
and quality.

lumber.
thousand wholesale.

this season,

to Quebec.
quality is what present stock is held at.

two weeks past.

be down.
FREIGHT BUSINESS,

Shipments of lumber have been duller during
the past week than at any other former time the
present season, but so soon as the water in the
The
river has not been so low for a great many years
as it is this. Steamers or barges with any sort
of heavy draft find it difficult-to get through the
locks at Carillon and Ste. Annes; in fact, ordi-
nary barges have to take light loads, and this
does not pay very well. There is no change in
freight rates, but in the fall they will doubtless
have their usual rise. The opening and close of
the season is always the best for boat-owners.

IMPROVING THE OTTAWA,

The Government are having quite extensive
improvements made on the Ottawa river, in
order to improve navigation. The works at
Greece’s Point are being pushed forward stea-
dily, by Messrs. Stewart, Strachan & Nicholson,
while the further enlargement of the locks at Ste.
Annes will be again prosecuted the coming win-
ter by the contractors, Messrs. O’Connor &
Cassidy, who have got a great deal of necessary
material onhand. With the enlargement of the
locks at the Point, Carillon and Ste. Annes,the
river navigation will be greatly improved. At
this place the large reef of rock lying a short
distance below the Union Suspension bridge, in
the center of the river between Eddy’s and
Booth’s docks, is to be removed, Government
workmen having started operations. It has
obstructed the channel, and not only been dan-
gerous to steamers and barges, but to the bridge
when the spring freshet occurs, preventing the
water from readily flowing down. On the upper
Ottawa improvements to the Culbute channel
are being made by the contractors, Messrs.
Poupore & Charlton. Ina couple of years the
river will be much improved. In this connec-
tion I might also mention that Mr. Askwith,
contractor, is engaged in dredging the slabs and
sawdust away from the mouth of the Rideau
canal locks. Although the Government passed
a law, several years ago, prohibiting slabs or
sawdust from being thrown into rivers, the
Ottawa in this section generally shows a pretty

or so for want of logs.

and the other at night.
Ottawa, Aug. 25, 1881,

FIRE AT LONGFORD MILLS.

Mills were ablaze.

saved, but damaged by handling.

their half-day. The brigade worked manfully,

veloped.”

works mentioned during the week ending 13th
August :—
CHAT’S SLIDE,

good quantity, but where it comes from the Rafts. Owners. Cribs.
Gite : ; 5 = Sad 1. Jc, Booth. 5 .h. secs p ecient 216
Chaudiere lumbermen*don’t seem to know. 1 Young & Bronson... 2.022022. 39
THE UPPE TAU =* 3 MoLachlin Brogyi.v}.0..i.n08 271

THE UPPER OTTAW ; a. = 4 ‘ Bs
; Giro WA. LOG. DRIVE 1 RR. Campbell & Son............ 151

Mr. G. B. Greene, manager of the Upper
Ottawa Improvement Co., which controls the
log drives for the various lumbermen in the
Ottawa valley, states that the drivein progress-
ing very fairly considering the low water. There
were not such a great quantity of logs stuck in
the smaller streams, but difficulty has been ex-
perienced on the main rivers owing to the rapid
falling and present lowness of the water, At
the Flat Rapids, on the Madawaska, a good
many logs belonging to Mr. J. R. Booth are
stuck, while upon some more rapids further up
Messrs. Bronsons & Weston have a large num-
ber fast. Both lots will likely be left until the
rise of waters in the fall. At the Chats rapids,
thirty miles above Ottawa, a great many logs
are constantly being stuck, about twelve thou-
sand being fast at the present time. <A gang of
men are at work there. The rapids are long
and shallow, and at very low water it is hard to
get logs through. The last logs that will come
down to the mills this season will be in the
Ottawa river the first week in September, and
reach here about the middle of October. The
Improvement Company have about two hun-
dred and fifty men in their employ right along
during the summer season,

T, W, Currier & Co,, formerly of Ottawa, are

7 727

A raft belonging to J. R. Booth composed of
88 cribs, containing 296 pieces white pine and
2,041 pieces red pine, left Ottawa on the 10th
instant, and on the 16th Messrs. Young & Bron-
son’s raft of 89 cribs, containing 122 pieces
white pine and 2,276 pieces red pine, left Ottawa
for Quebec.

FOURTEEN years ago a Mr. Sterling, of Mon-
roe, Michigan, placed twogate posts of white oak
in front of his residence. When they were set
he bored into the top of each with an inch and
a half auger a hole three inches deep, filled it
with common salt, tightly plugged it, and cop-
pered the posts. Having occasion recently to
change the location of the posts, he found them
as sound from top to bottom as the day they
were planted.

Mr. Gro. STETHEM, of Peterborough, importer
and dealer in harware, has handed us a change
of advertisement too late for this issue, so we
can only give the principal points in this notice.
He calls attention to his stock of Canadian as
well as American axes, lance-tooth saws, special
broad and blocking axes, and trimmings for
heavy harness,

running a saw-mill at Aylmer in connection
with their sash, door, blind and furniture fac-
tory, manufacturing a considerable quantity of

Lath is being sold at from 80 to 85 cents per
Considerable quantities
have been shipped to Montreal and the States

Perley & Pattee, J. R. Booth and E. B, Eddy
are the only manufacturers of deal at the Chan-
diere, and the bulk of what is produced is sent
$40 per thousand for two-thirds

No logs have passed the Gatineau works for
Ex-Ald. Bingham has his men
at work on the final sweep about forty miles up,
and it will be four or five weeks before they will

Perley & Pattee’s mill is closed down for a day
J. R. Booth is running
his day gang only, and Capt. Young his night
gang ; and Bronsons & Weston one mill by day

OniL11A, Ont., Aug. 17.—To-day, at 2.20 p.m.,
word was brought to Orillia that the Longford
Capt. Hatley and the local
fire brigade were soon out, and having taken the
engines and hose reels to the Northern railway
station, were delayed awaiting the arrival of a
special from Barrie, which arrived about 3.30.
The run to Longford was made in fifteen min-
utes, and the brigade were soon at work. The
fire was first discovered in the rear of one of the
dwellings, and soon communicated with the
surrounding buildings, viz., a boarding-house,
offices, store and store-houses, and a few private
houses, the whole block being totally destroyed.
The furniture and contents were nearly all
The build-
ings were owned by the company, and were in-
sured for $6,500. Muchthankfulnessis expressed
that the mills were saved, and although the em-
ployees will have to put up with rough beds for
a few nights, they will have the consolation of
constant work, which was vouchsafed to their
brethren in labor at the Waubaushene mills.
Many thanks are due to Captain Hatley and his
men for turning out as they did, many losing

THE Timber Trades Journal is pleased to
learn that arrangements have lately been made
between a house in Glasgow and a Canadian
mill for a regular supply of pine doors and
mouldings, ‘‘ this being a branch of the Domin-
ion trade which we hope to see greatly de-

THE Ottawa Citizen says that the following
are the quantities of timber passed through the

A WORD ABOUT THE HARDWOODS OF
MARITIME PROVINCES.
F BY EDWARD JACK.

The shores of that part of New Brunsw
which borders on the Bay of Fundy, from tk
north of the St. Croix to a point not far fre
Quaco, have been denuded of their hard as well
as soft woods. From this to Upper Salmon
river, in the county of Albert, there is a great
abundance of yellow birch and other hardwoods,
The growth is short, and not of sufficient sizeto
make a large class of timber, but it is sound and
admirably adapted to the purposes of shipbuild-
ing, as well as to the manufacture of articles of
furniture and other uses.

The great difficulty attending the export of
hardwood from this locality is the absence of
harbors in which vessels can ride at anchor, or
remain afloat at high water, all the harbors
along that coast being what are usually called
‘high water harbors,” from the fact that the
recession of the water leaves them dry at low
tide.

Alarge part of this coast is sparsely settled,
and its shores are usually steep and rugged.
Fires have here done little damage; indeed,
there is something in the nature of the soil, even
where the forest is of spruce, in this part of the
Province, which prevents the spread of the de-
vouring element.

Schooners can enter many of these harbors at
high water, and can then be loaded aground,
leaving with their loads when the tide is suffi-
ciently high.

For manufactories of articles of hardwood,
where a good deal of labor has to be bestowed
on the raw material, and where the articles
manufactured could be boxed up to be put to-
gether at the place to which they might be ex-
ported, no better opportunity could be desired,
as great quantities of most excellent wood can
be hauled in the log directly to the manufactory.

In a short article, such as the present, I can
afford to touch upon only one part of Nova
Scotia in relation to this subject. Having occa-
sion last season to follow the Avon river, which
empties into: the Bay of Fundy at Windsor, to
its source near the head of Gold river, which
empties into the Atlantic not very far from
Chester, my attention. was strongly directed to
the great quantities of excellent rock maple trees
which bordered the road and extended some dis-
tance from it. The road which was followed by ©
me was that which is called the New Ross road.
Leading from the Avon about sixteen miles from
Windsor to Gold river, it was very rough, almost
unfit to travel upon with a wagon in summer, —
The country rock was of granite, with boulders
of which the whole surface of the country was
covered ; among them, especially within a few
miles of New Ross, there was a splendid growth
of rock maple extending for a number of miles.

Upon making enquiries at New Ress (where
there is a good hotel, two churches and three or
four houses) I found that the people of the coun-
try would deliver this maple there, round, in
short lengths, for about $1.50 per cord. I had
noticed among it a good deal which was bird’s-
eye.

{a New Ross to Chester, which possesses
an excellent harbor and where there are plenty
of wharves, the distance is about fourteen miles,
As the people living inthe vicinity of New Ross
have abundance of | and as teams are
plentiful, this wood can be hauled during winter —
very cheaply to Chester, and there placed upan
the wharves for shipment to Europe. "

There are numerous other places as well in
Nova Scotia as in the interior of New Bruns —
wick, especially along the line of the New
Brunswick railway, where vast quantities of —
most excellent beech, birch and maple can be
had very cheaply in the log, and the vicinity —
of this wood to railway transport and to the sea
board renders river driving unnecessary.

It may be safely asserted that the British
Provinces on the Atlantic offer the best oppor-
tunities to be found on the American coast for
those desirous of obtaining an annual supply of
hardwood, the source of which will last for years.

L.

A Posrmivs Fact.—It is now established beyond con-
troversy that Dr. Fownxr’s Extract oF Witp Straw-
BERRY is the most perfect cure for all forms of bowel
complaints, including cholera morbus, dysentry, yi
cholera infantum, nausea, canker of the stomach A
bowels, piles, etc. Beware of opiates and
that only check fora time and produce in
WILD STRAWBERRY

is safe and certain

sola ;

-

+e

FOREST TREE CULTURE.

Our thanks are due to the Hon. J. G. Joly
for a copy of a brief essay on the above subject,
written by him last winter for the Montreal
Horticultural Society. The paper contains some
very suggestive remarks on the good results

_ which might be achieved in a few years were

farmers all over the country to turn their atten-
tion to sowing the nuts or planting the seedlings
of suitable forest trees. They can be placed in
unoccupied plots and corners, and with suitable
eare in selection, will grow well in spots useless
for the production of any other plants. Mr.
Joly then proceeded to give some of the results
of his experiments in tree planting in Quebec.
He paid particular attention to the black wal-
nut, in view of its great economic value, it being
worth at present about a, dollar acubicfoot. Of
this he says :—‘‘ True, it did not grow spon-
taneously anywhere in the Province of Quebec,
but this appeared to me no conclusive reason
why it should not grow and flourish here. The
lilac comes all the way from Persia, and it
spreads out its leaves earlier and keeps them
unchanged later than our typical tree, the maple.
I did not fear our great colds, for in the west,
the natural home of the black walnut, the ther-
mometer often ranges as low as here, though for

‘a shorter period at a time.”

He procured a bag of black walnuts in 1874,
late in November, and sowed them at once,
though he had to remove the snow and break
through the frozen ground in order to do so.
They came up about the 10th of the following
June, not five per cent. failmg. Without any
artificial shelter those not transplanted attained
in six summers’ growth to an average height for
four of the largest of fourteen feet. Other lots
which were transplanted are doing well, but are
considerably smaller. In the pamphlet Mr.

_ Joly says :—‘‘ Judging by the growth of the
_ living trees and the rings of the timber when

cut, I do not hesitate to say that a black walnut,
under ordinary circumstances, at the age of sev-
enty-five years will have ‘attained. twenty-one
inches in dizmeter, and will contain at least fifty
cubic feet of timber, the actual value of which is
about one dollar per cubic foot. He does not
undertake to say how many such trees will find
room on one acre of surface, but feels sure that
trees of twenty-one inches in diameter standing
in a single row will have space enough at eighteen
feet distance from each other. With reference
to the above calculation as to the length of time
required for the walnut to reach a marketable
size, Mr. Joly, in a note accompanying the
pamphlet, after referring to the interest which
has been excited all over the Dominion by the
Globe's articles on the black walnut, says :—

“ Generally those who warmly advocate some
new undertaking are apt to exaggerate its ad-
vantages. In my wish to avoid that mistake I
have fallen into a worse one, and some of my
remarks, especially those connected with the
number of years required for maturing the black
walnut, may tend to discourage those willing to
undertake its culture.

** By carefully looking into this matter since
last winter, I think the number of years required
for giving a commercial value to the black wal-
nut tree is not as considerable as I have stated
in the essay, and ought to be shortened by at
least one-fourth.”

Mr. Joly’s essay gives also some interesting
facts and suggestions based upon his experience
in the cultivation of the butternut, white oak,
white elm, maple, ash, tamarack, Russian pine
and poplar, all of which grow in Quebec. It is
greatly to be desired that farmers all over the
Dominion would set about planting such trees
in clumps and rows in suitable spots. Not only
will they or their gons surely find them some day
most valuable additions to their farms in a pecu-
Riary sense, but nothing would add so much
to the beauty and picturesqueness of the scenery
in the different localities. No doubt much pre-

_ judice will have to be conquered before this will

be done to any great extent, for, as Mr. Joly
observes, many of the people have for genera-
* been brought up to look upon the forest
aa their natural enemy, to be got rid of at
cost, hacked down, burnt out of the way
ww want of a better mode of disposing of it)
still troubling the settler for years with its

ing stump.” The writer of this article
lremanlers when, wine twenty years ago,

THE CANADA

he had brought some elm saplings from a dis-
tance of thirty or forty miles in his buggy (so
clean a sweep had been made in the locality),
and was engaged in planting them, with what
indignation one of the old settlers passing by
regarded the operation, ‘‘ Young man,” said
he, ‘‘if you had undergone as much toil and
trouble as I have in cutting down those trees
and getting the pesky roots out of the soil, you
would find some better employment than plant-
ing them again. It always makes me angry to
see it done,” —G'lobe.

CHAUDIERE STEAM MILLS.

The following letter appears in the, Witness :-—

Sir,—Constant attention to business in these
prosperous times has precluded the possibility
of giving much heed to newspaper literature,
but occasionally statements are made of so pecu-
liar a character by anonymous writers that peo-
ple on the spot are astonished, and wonder how
editors can allow themselves to be imposed upon,
and put into circulation what with very little
trouble they would find out was purely fictitious
and imaginative. This holds good in reference
to what appears in your issue of the 8th instant,
purporting to be a “‘special” from your Ottawa
correspondent. It is there stated that ‘‘ Mr.
Rochester’s steam saw-mill has shut down for
the want of hands, the men having nearly all
engaged to go to Eau Claire, Wisconsin, A
party of about 200 mill men leave to-night.
Their passage is paid. Ordinary hands are to
receive $1.50 per day.” In so far as I and my
men are concered there is not one word of truth
in the statement of your correspondent. On
Saturday last, the 6th inst., my mill did not run
for the simple reason that the ‘governor ” of
the engine had to be taken off and sent to the
machine shop for repairs. These were promptly
done, and the mill started again on Monday
morning, and then, instead of stopping ‘‘for want
of hands,” not asolitary man in my employment
had been hired to go to the States. In conse-
quence of the excessive heat which prevailed
here as elsewhere during the week ending on the
6th, the men were glad of two days’ rest instead
of one, and were ready for work on Monday
morning. As to ‘‘want of hands,” it happens
that had I required fifteen or twenty more hands
T could have hired them without difficulty, not-
withstanding the alleged exodus. In regard to
the statement of your correspondent about ‘‘ 200
mill men leaving to-night,” &c., I am only in-
terested, as others ought to be, in these out-
rageous reports of multitudes leaving Canada
for the United States. Most have no more
truth in them than the above, and all are adapt-
ed, if not designed, to belittle Canadaand elevate
“the States.” Since I saw your “special,” I
made diligent enquiry on the subject, and from
the best information am prepared to say that
not one single man in regular service here has
left his employment to gotheStates. Iam told
there has been a person in the city pretending
to hire men, who succeeded in getting some few
individuals to hang about the streets for some
days. Ue informed the men that he had tele-
graphed to his empleyers and could get no
answer. JI understand the would-be boss is still
here, and so are the men, and likely to be so for
all that yet appears to their advantage.

JoHN RocuesTEer, M.P.
Ottawa, Aug. 11, 1881.. .

Conflagration in St. John,

Sr. Joun, N.B., August 25.—Hilyard Bros.’
saw-inill, on the Strait Shore, was totally de-
stroyed by fire this afternoon, caused by the
woodwork supporting the boiler giving way.
The mill was worth $30,000 ; insured for $10,000,
divided as follows :—Commercial Union, $5,000;
Queen, $3,000 ; Liverpool and London and Globe,
$2,000. A quantity of lumber belonging to
Guy, Bevan & Co. was also destroyed. One
hundred persons are thrown out of employment.

DyspersiaA.—Strenthen your digestion—tone the
stomach for utilizing and assimilating every atom of
food you take; the body needs it for strength and
vigor. Zopesa cleanses the entire system, stimulates
the Liver, keeps you regular, and able to eat ten-penny
nails. Letters and postal cards come in daily, telling
of cures and help frem Zopesa, from Brazil. Positive
proof of the health and vigor it gives in a ten cent
sample. Ask your druggist.

2S SS

Tuey ALL DO 1%.—Everybody uses ‘‘TeAneRry” for
the teeth and breath, the newest, brightest,c osiest
little toilet gem extant. ry a 5 cent sample.

LUMBERMAN.
FOR SALE.

The Dexter & Whitwam Manufacturing
Company, offer for Sale the Entire

Real Estate Plant and Machinery

OF THEIR EXTENSIVE

BENDING & TURNING FACTORY

Situated in the City of St. Thomas, in the County of
Elgin, Ontario. For full particulars apply to H.
BROWN, Manager, or E. MOORE, President. L20tf

AUCTION SALE

VALUABLE LIMITS,

Situate on the Gatineau River and
Lake Keepawa, 38'7} Square Miles.

The following valuable limits owned by Messrs. Ross
& Co., of Quebec, will be sold at Public Auction at the
Grand Union Hotel, in the city of Ottawa, on

Tuesday, the 20th Day of September

NEXT, at half past two o’clock, p. m,, viz :—

Sq. Miles.
Lake Keepawa, Berth No, 48...........- 50
Be - ‘s Sf AO 's ie) wells ove 30
fs ie ay £6 Daa cleo no nenee 30
“ee “ ae “ 55 JOM Seen aretgr sie 50
Total. .ccccevessnve neersessevecers 160

190........ 50
sf he “ Rel Wate: cist etotata 50
US ee pune !7-oq bern 50
Le “ “ 193. ...000- 274

The Keepawa limits are in a good pine country, and
adjoin limits owned by David Moore, J. R. Booth, John
Ross, of Quebec, and the British American Lumbering
and Timber Company.

The Gatineau Licenses front on the river, and adjoin
valuable limits owned by Gilmour & Co., and Hamilton
Bros.

These limits are admirably situated for lumbering
purposes, and well worthy the attention of the trade or
speculators.

Terms and conditions of sale, which will be liberal,
will be announced at the time of sale, or can be had
from the Vendors, Messrs. Ross & Co., Quebec, or from

O'CONNOR & HOGG,
of Ottawa, Solicitors for Ross & Co
August 23rd, 1881. 2L21

PORTLAND FOUNDRY.
JOSEPH McAFEE,

(Late Angus MCAFEE.)

Warehouse, Main 8t., St. John, N-B.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

MANUFACTURER OF

Cooking, Ship, Parlor & Office Stoves

MILL CASTINGS,

Ship Windlasses, Capstans, and
Ship Castings of all kinds,

(MADE TO ORDER.)

Power Capstans, Patent Ship Pumps
ly With Copper Chambers. 120
Lead Scuppers & Water Closets & all
goods in my line for Ships’ use.
Work done to Order with Quick ESR aNCus

J.G. EDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT,

day NaS Ye

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
ly CHAINS, ROPE, and uli

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.

HK. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope, = 111

“WANTED. ©
CHERRY, WHITE ASH,

AND

WALNUT LUMBER.

Quote Price delivered, and Carefully

Describe :—Quality, Widths, Length,

Thickness, and how long Sawed.
ROBERT C. LOWRY,

Wholesale Lumber,
55 Pine Street, New York.

WISDOM & FISH

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

Rubber = Leather Belting

RUBBER HOSE, STEAM PACKING,
LUBRICATING OILS, COTTON WASTE

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings, | &

12119

And all Articles used in the Application of Steam
to Machinery.

No. 41 Dock Street, St. John, N. B.
(SMALL’S BLOCK.)

N.B.—Estimates for Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus furnished on application. All work War-
ranted. ly-120

Kin BAO GR)

PRACT LeAS

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw and Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS.
f= Plans and Specifications on application. CX

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881. 12L16

Burdock Healing Ointment should be
used in connection with Burdock Blood Bitters for
curing Ulcers, Abscesses, Fevers, Sores, &c. Price
25 cents »)r box, T. MILBURN & CO., .

: : Sots AGENTs, ToRONTQ,

8

TAKING CARE OF THE TIMBER,
One of the most hopeful attendants upon the
development of the lumber industry of the future

is found in the fact that through a persistent

and intelligent presentation of the actual re-

sources of the forests, and of the yearly and

increasing demand which is made upon them,
such as has been the mission of journals devoted

to this interest during the last decade, the waste-
fulness which so pre-eminently marked the

earlier operations in the forests, is well nigh
overcome, and an intelligent appreciation of the
value of standing timber has taken its place.

7 * * * * * & * * * * *% *

Eyen after the value of timber began to be
realized, and its owners began to look for some
benefit from it, the wastefulness which took
place was, from the standpoint of the present

day, simply appalling. Fifteen, nay ten, years

ago it was a well nigh universal custom for the
operator in the woods to select only such trees
as gave promise of yielding a proportion, at
least, of the better grades of lumber, leaving all
of twelve or fourteen inches diameter, and all
which were not pretty nearly first-class in ap-
pearance, to stand the chance of destruction
from fire, or at least, looking upon them as of so
little value that when the best timber was taken,
the land was allowed to go back to the State in
default of the payment of taxes. In 1868 two
partners in settling their business and dividing
resources, differed as to the value of one lot of
400 acres, which had been stripped of its valu-
able pine, after the manner then customary.
They agreed to mark upon a paper what each
considered it worth, and what each would either
give or take, One marked $300, the other $500,
In order to arrive at a settlement, the proposi-
tion to divide the difference was accepted, and
the purchaser, after holding the land for a few
years, sold nearly $20,000 worth of pine from it.
Both were keen, shrewd lumbermen, who
thought they knew the value of each stick of

THE] CANADA

THE LUMBER TRADE OF NORWAY.

The following figures are taken from a report
recently published by the directors of the Lum-
ber Association of Christiania, and forwarded to
the Government by Mr. Gerhard Gade, United
States consul.

During 1880 the lumber firms marked 2,224, -
740 logs, which, with only aloss of three per
cent., were floated down the Glommer river to
their destination, and delivered to their owners
or at their mills. The result proved much bet-
ter than was anticipated in the spring and sum-
mer, which are usually dry seasons. Timber
floating was considered successful in almost all
the Norwegian rivers, as of the 8,160,000 logs
destined for floating throughout the country,
only eight per cent. remained in the rivers.
Sweden was not so fortunate. In the rivers
emptying into the Gulf of Bothnia, only 6,000, -
000 logs out of 10,680,000 old and new ones
reached their destination.

By calculating the average price in 1880 of the
logs delivered for floating in the Glommer river,
from reports of more than 12,000,000 we find
that the gross value of a log was about $2.45.
The forest owners of the district received $5,-
450,613 for their products. If we deduct the
producer’s expenses for cutting, gathering, trans-
porting and floating the logs in the tributaries
to the Glommer river, estimated at $1,614,000
the net profit in 1880 for the forest owners was
$4,005,600, or about $1.80 a log,

Norway exported in 1880 an aggregate quan-
tity of 894,816 register tonsof lumber, England
took sixty-seven per cent of it, and France
eleven per cent. By comparing the foregoing
figures with those of the export lists in previous
years, we observe that Norway has only in the
favorable years 1871 up to 1876, excepting 1875,
exported larger quantities than in 1880. The
export of planed wood is always on the increase,
and amounted in 1880 to more than a fifth part
of the whole export. Thatarticle increased from

LUMBERMAN,

LUMBER INDUSTRY OF PUGET SOUND.

None but those who have been on the ground
can have an adequate conception of the extent
of the lumbering business of the Puget Sound

district, Washington Territory. The sound, a

magnificent arm of the sea, reaches down from
near the northwestern limit of the territory,

nearly to its western middle, affording extended
facilities of navigation, its numerous bays, like
insinuating fingers, feeling into the territory all
along shore, as if inviting, and even clutching

after the commerce of the country. Around
this stretch and spread of navigable waters grow
the finest forests in the world, of pine, fir,

spruce and redwood, the enormous growths of

which are a natural wonder. Since the settle-

ment of the Pacific coast the lumber business of

Puget Sound has been gradually developed,

under the stimulus of California and Chinese
trade, until it has become an industry of leading

proportions. Numerous mills, of first-class ap-
pointment and capacity, cluster about the in-
dentions of the sound, many of the lumbering
points constituting towns of themselves, In
these towns are stores, carrying stocks of mer
chandise of from $40,000 to $100,000. The lum-
ber companies own lines of ships, and frequently
from four to ten vessels can be seen simultan-
eously loading at the dock of a single mill.
Many of these mills have attached to them
from twenty to fifty dwellings, and the popula-
tion of a single village sometimes numbers 500
or 600 persons. A single company owns three
of these immense milling establishments, with
four mills capable of cutting 500,000 feet of
lumber a day, together with four powerful tug
boats, a score of ships, and timber lands esti-
mated at 200,000 acres.

The leading mills at the sound are those at
Ports Gamble, Ludlow, Blakely, Madison and
Discovery, Seabeck, Utsalady and Tacoma be-
sides which there are smaller mills at new Taco-
ma and Seattle. The daily capacity of the larger

THE ENGLISH MARKET.

Robert Coltart & Co’s Wood Circular an

Prices Current, dated Liverpool, 2nd

says :—

A better tone has been noticeable in the wood
market during the past month, and in some

articles an advance has taken place, more es-
pecially in spruce deals, in which the decline in
value has been arrested and much better rates
obtained. In consequence of the excitement in

Canada, chiefly as regards white pine, impe
are now holding Quebee goods firmly, The

me

import has been moderate, and if the present
steady consumption continues, a more healthy
feeling will doubtless soon be established, but

there is still no room for increased supplies.

CoLon1aL Woops.—For yellow pine there has
been a fair demand, and the new arrivals have
gone well into consumption. Of waney board
parcel of 2nd quality, 174-inch average, has b

sold at 2s, 14d. per foot, and 2nd quality, 17-inch
average, at 2s. per foot. Of square pine, a par-
cel of A quality, 154-inch average, has been sold
at 2s. 34d. per foot, and a parcel of prime deck
plank wood at 2s, 24d. per foot. Of red pine
the sales have been by retail only.
quality and good size is inquired for.
no sales of elm to report. For oak the demand
still continues dull, and there is no improvement
in the consumption; the sales have been by

private only.

Ash of prime
There are

Wagon scantlings continue to

arrive too freely, and‘sales are difficult to make;
a parcel of prime quality realized 2s. 4d. per

foot.

The consumption of birch continues on a
limited scale, and the stock is more than suffi-
cient ; 979 logs ex-Arabia, from St. John, N.B.

realized prices ranging from 14d. to 2s. 2d. per
Of black walnut
several parcels have been sold during the month
at prices ranging from 4s, to 5s. per foot. The
consumption of N. B. and N.S. spruce deals
continues good, and the stock now consists of
17,380 standards against 24,051 standards at the

foot, averaging 163d. per foot.

pine which they owned—and they did, at its} 96,445 tons in 1870 to 193,654 tons in 1880, | mills, when driven, is about as follows :— same time last year. Early in the month sales

then existing value—but neither had as yet com- | Sawed timber declined from 428,553 tons in 1870 FEET. of St. John were made at £6 5s. per standard,
prehended the fact that a tree of less than four-} to 245,548 in 1880. Square timber and other aeeears Reese eee ety coe Ge 200,000 but have since advanced to £6 10s., and the
teen inches diameter had any value. It was} hewn timber declined from 169,743 to 100,351 rice Bebe ve Sacco eS ee ici latest sales are reported at £6 15s. per standard.
this view of the case which led to estimates only | tons. Spars, mining timber and pit-props rose Madiedn toa Be Pee ae a By auction several cargoes of St. John have
ten years ago which, if correct, would have ex- | from 100,552 to 295,616 tons, and staves from BIAKGLY...wp ninAtin siateo saiaialeehin Sean meee 100,000 been sold at an average of £6 10s. 5d. to £6 1s.
hausted the pine of Michigan before this season, | 19,631 to 40,061 tons. TAOOMALa Aes se naieaie eee 90,000 5d. per standard ; Parsboro’ at £6 ls. 9d. per
instead of giving it a lease of several years still}! Among foreign markets, England ranks first, Utsalady 352. eats ten deeeoteeancen 75,000 standard, and Buctouche at £6 8s. 9d. per stand-
longer continuance. This state of things is now | with an increased importation since 1879 of 156, - Ludlow, when completed .......-...++.+225,000 ard, ex quay. Dalhousie pine deals realized
happily at an end. The value of standing tim- | 498 tons; of this, 32,745 tons were planed lum- Total vince ke 940,000 £11 per standard for Ist quality, £8 2s. 6 per

standard for 2nd quality, and £6 15s. per stand-
ard for 3rd quality. Of Quebec pine deals the
stock consists of 8,657 standards against 5,218
standards at the same time last year, and the
consumption 2,561 standards against 1,798 stand-
ards. At auction lst quality realized from £19
to £22 per standard for 3x11 and wider, and by
private, 3rd quality are reported sold at £8 10s.
perstandard. Quebec merchantable pipe staves
are selling at from £75 to £80 per mille, and

ber, 37,504 tons hewed timber, and 85,580 tons
spars, mining timber, props, ete. Next to Eng-
land comes France, with an increase from 1879
of 26,567 tons, 4,855 tons of which were planed
timber, 17,968 sawed, 2,639 square timber, and
1,739 staves. This country imported in 1870
only 7,869 tons planed timber from Norway, but
in 1880 the importation reached 19,963 tons.
Germany declined considerably on account of
the protective tariff, which was carried into

ber is fully realized, not only by the lumberman,
but by the farmer, and we venture the predic-
tion that but few localities, and bnt few pioneers
in settlement, can now be found in the land who
do not have an eye both to their own financial
benefit and the demands of the future in the
conservation of the timber growth. Not all of
them will haye patience to await the coming of
the saw-mill to their neighborhood, or of the
speculator who is seeking for timber, but in a

The smaller mills about Seattle, the principal
lumbering point of the district, will aggregate a
daily cut of 150,000 feet, making the total diur-
nal product of the mills about Puget Sound
nearly 1,100,000 feet. The cut of the mills dur-
ing the year ending June, 1881, was 200,000,000
feet. Of the lumber product of this region 25,-
000,000 feet a year is shipped to foreign coun-
tries, 25,000,000 used at home, and 150,000,000
sent to California.

large degree the wasteful destruction of trees
is a thing of the past, both in hardwoods and

council denies that Wheeler has any right to
give such a permit, and when the firm refused
to pay: the required royalty, the seizure was
made, A large lot of lumber was also taken
possession of,

force on October 1, 1879. The export in 1880
was only 36,203 tons to 59,962 in 1879, a differ

In consequence of the demand for long timber
in the Chicago market, lumbermen about Meno-
minee, Mich., intend putting in a large number
of long logs the coming season,

This great industry had its beginning thirty
years ago, in a little water-power mill erected in

poisonous drugs.
=

Ir You ARE SUFFERING With a cold do not fail to try

Hagyarp’s PEcroraL BALsamM ; it is ms ped its | Cu

hundreds throughout our Dominion. 8 pleasant

and palatable.

puncheon at about £21 per mille.

PRICES—FROM BRITISH AMERICA.

_ pine growths, and the smaller sizes of timber ence of 23,559 tons, which fell camel onplane? Thurston county by James McAllister. The | yenow Pine Timber— & sola 24a 4
are being utilized, until in the so-called pine} lumber ; the reduction in that export being 23, - capacity of this mill was 1,000 feet per day.] Quebec, percubicfoot 0 1 2@0 2 2
districts even the smallest trees are in some} 303 tons. The new market which the Norwe-| Phe first steam saw-mill was ced bo “« Waney Board. 0 2 0 Oh 2: 6

: Baer TeMand oat 3 Janine voles SERGEY Reanim eielian’ S am saw-mill was erected by MH. L, St. John’s, 18 inches
manner prepared for market and public use. | gian planing works have found in Holland] Vester, in Seattle. in 1853, and had a daily VERBS. ...cecehuse x ita 56
Could but some means now be devised to pre-] promises well. The duty on planed boards, capacity of 80,000 or 10,000 feet. Other ports. . Eee : : . : 5
vent the wastefulness and destruction caused by | which formerly made shipments to that country} Gyeat as has been the increase of the pastas — ini ~ eae ate B+" 9 a
forest fires, the balance of the timber now re- | impossible, was taken off in 1879. The planed | volume is small compared to what may be ex- xy essen sausnes AS Soave : 2 : . .
maining in the country might well be said to be | timber imported into Holland before 1880 passed pected in the future. The expansive and tow- nue = fr; Sa c
in a fair way to contribute in its entirety to the} for the greater part to Germany, but that, of | opine forest x “oe St. John... .c0e- eee a a D-.iok a
nation’s growth and advantage. —Northwestern ame to an end on October 1 1879, Ww onbae| coe gseee pag : Stes Mee EE > etaiain i aah ie
8 SENTECH PISMIEG ©} touched by industry, and the lumber interests} Nova Scotia........ ohh Taras OT a
Lumberman. may therefore calculate that the 19,852 tons ex- | of that region are yet to feel the energy of the ae | i ae oe ee 5) ee
—__ ported in 1880 to Holland remained in that|Northeru Pacific traffic. The future of the| Dede.
Tr is a fact well-known by dealers in hard-| country. In regard to Australia we can give|}umber business of Washington Territory can Peabo 000 ee
woods that there is a large amount of fine wal-] no accurate figures, as much lumber from Nor- be seen as ina glass, but not darkly.—Worth- wes teen AS 0 9 10 60
nut in Indian Territory, and many dealers} way reaches there via England. The direct western Lumberman. 2nd quality, perstand- an® a ae
unmindful of the law governing its exportation, export in 1880 was a good deal larger than the 3rd uality, perstand- P
are doing a thriving business in securing it. A ) i ich. was 7.799'tons. |‘): . « & .. echenenisbonesm. © oY ede Gd ei eee Binal 8 1b. By
8 ih iis ey average export since 1870, which was 7,799 tons. YOUNG'S POINT. Planks, Sprase, ion 6 ee _“—
few days ago several mills located on Cherokee | The export to Africa is rapidly increasing ; in Tue Drives.—Another laree sawloz” drive | Nova Scotia, ete.. 6 ages 6 1 0
territory were seized by authority of the chief | 1870, 823 tons ; in 1879, 3,803 tons, and in 1880, belonging to Tan and Bo iwi ASS Si h Craven eer Mer % 0 78 one o
of the Cherokee nation. Among the mills was} 7,647 tons. As long as the duties in Spain con- ae Gad weak: be wa ite a oer? as N uae Quebec culls | ot 50 o «<i Bylo 604
one belonging to Junk & Huff, who have been| tinue unchanged, that country will be of no}, oP 7 sua | West India ia Reeepon- mo
ott l diwho Heel: = vad i The last gang of men belonging to Mr. Hazlitt’s able Pipe, 20° ieee :
, operating for several years, an ave ship- | importance for the lumber trade of Norway. dita Vere well bahiteel Gh oven Went indivi pail 156 Oo” OY ae eee
ped their lumber largely here and to Indianapo-] We have reduced the numbers and money to s Talli eagles jartuer ae - Der 8 Ash, per running o” yo”
lis. They have been working under a permit of | the American standard, so that they may be Hrandopikes “Hickory,
’ . ry,
a half-breed named Wheeler, son of Judge} understood by our readers.—Worthwestern Lum- wiieaae ee iat emp ms wanna ee pe fa ee o 16 «0 o is @
Wheeler, of Fort Smith, Ark., but the Cherokee | berman. adults. The most safe, pleasant and perfect remedy rood el pe a s wee
known. Purely vegetable and free from opiates or sane:

TORONTO.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Auveust 10,—During the past two weeks lum-
ber shipments from the north to this port have
been much brisker than for the two weeks pre-
ceeding, although not yet nearly up to the wishes
or expectations of shippers, and it is now quite
certain that it will not assume the proportions
required during the remainder of the navigable
season, as it is now evident the company has not
sufficient rolling stock on hand to meet the de-
mands made upon them, consequently the wants
of shippers cannot be fully met until the com-
pany procure more lumber flats.

The removal by death of the late F. W. Cum-

berland, Esq., for many years the successful
manager of the N.R.R., is much to be lamented.
He had proved himself to be a most efficient
railroad man, always keeping in view before all,
-and above all other interests, that of the road
entrusted to his management, sacrificing him-
self, as few men will be found willing to do, in
order to promote the welfare of the company,
and the success which has attended his efforts is
well known. Let us hope that his mantle will
fall on the shoulders of whoever may be appoint-
ed as his successor.

The traffic from the northern end of the line
to Hamilton and points west of that place is
constantly on the increase and as cars are more
readily obtained for the western trade, as the
G. T. R. Co. place cars freely at the shippers’
disposal as soon as called for, the wants of re-
tailers are freely met on the portions of the road
supplied by that company. No so here, how-

_ ever. Our local trade languishes for want of
the same facilities of transportain afforded to
western dealers,

The scarcity in shingles still continues, and
consequent on that scarcity prices are again
advanced, retailers now demanding $3 per M.
for XXX, and the prospect is for a still further
advance. Lumber brought here by rail finds
quick and ready sale for local use, and the pros-
pects for a brisk fall trade is good, if lumber can
only find its way here in sufficient quantities to
meet the demand. Cherry lumber is still ex-
ceedingly scarce, $3 per M. being freely offered
by carload if quality is good.

In my last letter I promised to give you the

* names of other firms doing a wholesale and re-
tail business in lumber here. Prominent in the
wholesale trade is the firm of Thompson Smith
& Son, who manufacture largely north of this
city and at Duncan City, in the State of Michi-
gan. Nearly the whole proceeds of their mills
finds its way to the Albany and Chicago mar-
kets. The firm is an old established one, and
highly respected. Next comes the Toronto
Lumber Company, who do a large business with
the American as well as in the local market,
Next we have the firm of Donogh, McCool &
Oliver, the members of which are all young
men, and whose character for probity and
straightforward dealing stands high with all who
_ have had any business transactions with them.
They are enterprising young men, and are doing
a good wholesale trade. There is also the firm
of S. C. Kennedy & Co., the senior member of
which was formerly connected in business with
two of the members who now comprise part of
the Toronto Lumber Company. This firm bears
_ 4agood reputation, and is doing a thriving busi-
niss—wholesale only. Then wehave the follow
ing companies represented here: The British
and Canadian Lumbering and Timber Co.; the
Muskoka Lumbering Co,, and the Parry Sound
Lumber Co., the largest part of whose business
is transacted with the Emglish and American
markets, disposing of full vessel cargoes and
whole mill stock ; in fact, their transactions are

of considerable magnitude.

There are no doubt some others whom I do
not at present call to mind, and to whom I may

refer in future letters.

In the retail trade we have quite a large num-
ber of firms doing more or less of a carload

business, as well as retailing from the yards, I
will name them in order as near as I can to that
which their prominence entitles them to.

The largest trade, so far as dollars and cents
are concerned, is doubtless done by the firm of
John Oliver and Co., who deal nearly exclu-
'y in hardwoods, embracing all the fancy
Varieties, including veneers of all kinds, and the
carrie by them is a costly one, Messrs,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Hillock & Kent do a thriving retail trade in both
pine and hardwood, as also considerable of a
carload trade, and they bear a good reputation
as men of strict integrity.

Next comes the firm of Bryce Bros., who doa
large local trade, and generally carry a full
stock,

We come next to the firm of 8. & J. Willcock,
who are pushing young men and doa large trade
on a small piece of land, turning over their stock
so quickly as to nearly obviate the necessity for
piling.

Wm. Latch, whose mill is situated on the
North Simcoe Junction line of road, does a com-
pact business by carload and from the yard.

Joseph Davidson has his yard at the western
limit of the city on the confines of the thriving
village of Parkdale, and adjoining his yard is
the yard of McKinley & Son. Both of these
firms do a thriving trade, and are highly thought
of as business men,

I find I will have to reserve the names of other
dealers for a future letter, but I think I have
now given your readers sufficient to enable them
to take pick and choice in case they wish either
to purchase or dispose of any quantity or kind
of lumber.

The following are the quotations :—

Mill cull boards and scantling.................. $ 9 00
Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths....... 12 00
= stocks ......... dood anadonousHonaTs 13 00
Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft.................. 12 00
oy sf oe TSHit. sae 12 00

a3 “e oe

be “ “

«e “ o

“ce “ce “ce

“ ce “ce

oe se be

“e id iti

“ce “ “oe
es ie iy OG ifitierapasietoreleyessicielelepsteiate 22 00
ss ef ee Rtingee, HAGnoderanenen 25 00
« ve $s ADitO 44 EtiNe teem cere cate 30 00
Cutting up planks todry................05 sie(eie «Ls 0)
* asl; Sy Meagdonodaceb seonee ee LOMO
Sound dressing stocks............ Beyer 15 00
Picks Am. inspection...... ....0s. 26 00

Three uppers, Am. inspection...
1}-inch flooring, dressed.......
‘ “

th rough. 14 00
1p rs dressed 24 00
1B & undressed 14 00
BL ag coe 0 dressed .. 20 00

“ “

1
% Beaded Sheeting, dressed
Clapboarding, dressed

XXX sawn shingles, ® M.. 3 00
PRONG SAW IMIS POS « cjaveis eyes, cicioiaie.eve\e bisieniera oes cea ce 2 00
Sawn Lath......... Pond dances wenOognseoaS sone 1 50

LONDON.
From Our Own Correspondent.

AvG. 12th, 1881.—When matters are in a
normal condition and business is transacted with
a machine like exactness, without the spurts in-
cident to corners and the speculators of control-
ing capitalists, a trade report as a rule reads
dull and stale, and there is a very strong desire
on the part of correspondents to look through an
imaginary telescope with double magnifying
power, it seems born in them, though they have
great reverence for everything truthful, they
would scorn to keep back a fabrication if it
would be productive of good to a waning com
munity. It should be borne in mind too, that
correspondents are not paid by the year the
same as Congressmen, but by the ‘‘ job,” so it
often happens that they haven’t time to sift out
the wheat from the “chaff,” but are often
rushed from scenes of blazing pleasure to
pictures of horror and misery, and they are apt
to get their ideas mixed up considerably. TI am
not writing this now in extenuation of my case,
in this letter at any rate, but we don’t know
what is before us.

The lumber business of this city has toned
down considerably since my last letter, and
comparative quietness prevails, though mer-
chants are not complaining, as they say they
have plenty to do, and a little siesta will invigor
ate them for a lively time, which is expected
will set in early next month and last till the
first frost.

The inconvenience felt for the want of Rail-
way car accommodation has now passed over,
and all cars called for are immediately on hand.
Shingles are now plentiful, but you will observe
another advance, '

The handsome block of wholesale warehouses
just nearing completion, on Richmond street,
made a big hole in $5,000 for the lurzber contract
and the amount used for the exhibition grounds,
including new fences, &c., will reach fully 500,-

feet,

The cedar block payement, (second contract),

9

is let, but not to the same firm who executed
the first one, and work will commence immedi-
ately.

Hardwood No. 1 sells here for about $4.80 per
cord, and the price will no doubt be well sus-
tained, if not much higher, in consequence of
the probability of coal keeping up.

My report for this market is firm and steady
with prospects ahead for a short spell of rushing
business,

Penetanguishene Foundry
MACHINE SHOP

CRAIG & CAMERON, Proprietors.

The undersigned beg to announce to the public that
they are prepared to make all kinds of Mill and
Steamboat Brass and Iron Castings.

All kinds of PLOW CASTINGS kept on hand. Plow
Points and Landsides a specialty.

We have first-class machinery and are prepared to do
all kinds of TURNING or PLANING on short notice.

We hope by strict attention to business and moderate
charges, to merit a share of the public patronage.

faz All work guaranteed.

G. A. CRAIG.

lyu17 C. CAMERON.

SAMUEL WINDRIM,
Agricultural Implements, Etc

MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF
AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
of intending purchasers of Reaping Machines, that I
have now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. L17tt

A. L, UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT.

ly16

P. FREYSENG & CO.

PROPRIETORS OF THE

Dominion Cork Cutting Co

BY IMPROVED MACHINERY.

fz All kinds of Corks in stock and Cut to
Order.. Corks & Life Preservers a Specialty.
Corkwood, Tinfoil, Capsules, Wire, &c.

71 Jarvis Street, TORONTO. 6116

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and | Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler. b26

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

427 P.S.—Also on hand 120 M dry Oak 2 to 4 inches
thick, will be sold cheap to close it out. ly116

J. K. POST & CO.

LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.
OSWEGO, N.

Xz,

L12-ly

Flexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland:‘or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, 116

at the Grand Union Hotel, Ottawa.

A RARE CHANCE.

Valuable Timber Limits

OTT AT
On the 20th of September.

On Lake Nipissing.

License No. 455, Sixty Square Miles Area, situated on
the head waters of the Mattawa and South Rivers.
This limit is wooded with Pine of the very best growth
and quality. Timber cut thereon can be taken out
either via the Mattawan to the Ottawa River, or by Lake
Nipissing and French River to Georgian Bay with the
greatest convenience.

In connection with this limit is a well improved farm
of about 200 acres, deeded property, 100 acres cleared,
with buildings, stock and crop, all of which will be sold
at valuation.

There are also Six Timber Births numbered 12, 20, 26,
37, 39 and 31, situated on the River Beuve and Western
Arm Bay, each 36 miles square. These limits have
never been worked, and abound with the very finest
quality of white Pine. Access from Georgian Bay via
French River is quite easy. The Canada Pacific Rail-
way passes in the neighborhood of these limite.

On the Georgian Bay.

License 169, on the Missisaga River, consisting of 26
square miles area, and License No. 200, situated on the
Thesselan River, consisting also of 36 square miles area.
These limits have never been worked and are covered
with an abundance of the best Pine Timber.

The above limits will be sold on the 20th September
Conditiors made
known on day of sale. For particulars apply «to R.
NAGLE, Ottawa; JOHN SCULLY, commission mer-
chant, Toronto; or to J. T. LAMBERT, 62 Wellington
Street, Ottawa. 2121

AUCTION SALE

OF VALUABLE

Timber Limits,

Situated Near Lake Nipissing.

Notice is hereby given that (if not previously dis-

posed of by private bargain) the following Valuable

Timber Limits will be offered for sale at Public Auction
in the

CITY OF OTTAWA,

Thursday, the 22nd Day
of September Next,

VIZ.:
Sq. Miles.
Berth No. 23, on the River Bueve, near Lake
Nipissing, comprising.................... 36

Berth No. 48, on the River Wannapitac, near
Lake Nipissing, comprising...............
Berth No. 51, on the River Wannapitac, near
Lake Nipissing, comprising................

These limits contain, in the aggregate, a large quan-
tity of magnificent pine timber.

Berth No. 23 is estimated—as the result of a recent
exploration—to contain a quantity of trees sufficient to
produce at least half a million cubic feet of square tim-
ber, besides two hundred and fifty thousand standard
saw logs. The river is available for driving to Lake
Nipissing.

There is a good mill site on the Bueve river, about
three miles from Lake Nipissing.

Lumber could be transferred thence by water to the
Callender station of the Canada Central Railway, the
line of which is projected to pass directly through this
limit.

Lumbermen and others desirous of acquiring limits
are invited to examine these berths in the interval pre-
ceding the day of sale.

The owners reserve the right to dispose of either or
all of them by private bargain in the meantime, and
will be ready to consider any offers that may be made.

Terms of purchase will be liberal, and will be made
known before the sale, the place and hour of which will
be duly advertised.

Persons desiring further particulars are invited to
communicate with the undersigned.

STEWART, CHRYSLER & GORMULLY,
Solicitors, Ottawa.
3120

J. T. LAMBERT,

Lumber and Commission Agent.
FOR SALE.

150 Mills. rants Pine, 1x 10 Stock.
° 9 «“

Ottawa, 28th July, 1881.

LG 1x12
it ea! do S102
20 do FrIVy
140 “ do linch Siding.
20 “ce do 1 ae
40“ do 2x10 Joists.
16“ Cedar, 3x6 “«
19 ‘* Basswood, i} inch.
APPLY AT THE OFFICE, 120

WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA.

—

10

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Market Reports.

MONTREAL.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Aucust 22,—Since the date of our last report
(August 10th) shippers have been pretty busy,
having shipped four cargoes to the River Plate,
and three vessels have taken a good deal to
London. At the present time four vessels have
been laid on for South America, and four are
loading for ports in the United Kingdom.
Freights to South America are firm. Large
vessels are getting $13.50 per M., and small ves-
sels $15. Shipments since 10th instant to date
were :—To Montevideo, 1,375,304 feet ; Buenos
Ayres, 39,632 pieces and 586,862 feet ; London,
13,646 pieces and 603,000 feet. Total shipments
since opening of navigation to date to the River
Plate were 4,984,190 feet, against 2,683,675 feet
for the same period of 1880, being an increase
of 2,3000,515 feet.

At the present time there is not much doing
in the lumber yards, as is usually the case be-
tween the seasons. The only reported business
is in small lots for building purposes within our
range of quotations, but some activity is expect-
ed next month. We quote —

Pine, 1st quality, ® ae
Pine, 2nd‘ BM
Pine, shipping culls, o M.

$32 00@40 00
18 00@24 00
. 12 00@15 00

Pine, cull deals, # M.. 8 00@10 00
Pine, mill culls, #@ M 5 00@ 6 50
Spruce, # M..... 8 00@10 00
Hemlock, # M 8 00@10 00
Ash, run ‘of long culls out, wee M .. 16 00@18 00
Bass, ef .. 14 00@16 00

Ove Hy With 45 Gan an spooodasondan . 35 00@45 00
Birch, 8 M.. +» 17 00@20 00
Hard Maple, # M. oe > 18 00@25 00
NGAP ENON ts attsleralninieiallis aislalsyeiaielatejeisraleiels(e 1 25@ 1 35
Shingles, Ist, @M..... ......08 pecerscee 3 00@ 0 00
SHINGLES MAN Ae Ms rieleiniserisiss siecle lenis se vie 2 00@ 0 00

Corpwoop.—The demand is improving and

the market is firm as under for large lots :—

Upper Canada Maple «8 6 00@00 00
Birch. . . 5 50@00 00
Beech... 5 00@00 00
Tamarac... 4 00@ 4 50

TORONTO.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Aucus? 26.—During the last week or ten days
lumber shipments from the north have largely
improved in regard to quantity received here,
but just at present it has again fell off owing to
scarcity of vessels. Docks are full, and a large
number of loaded cars standing awaiting ship-
ment. No blame is therefore to be attached to
the company in this instance, as most certainly
if shippers do not unload their lumber promptly,
they cannot expect to be supplied with cars.
The local wants, however, are not near fully
met as yet, shippers in all cases getting the
preference, as the cars are generally unloaded
more promptly ; so that it is evidently to the
interest of the company to grant shippers all the
cars they can spare, and let the local trade go,
Tt is quite natural for a little selfishness to crop
out in corporations as well as in individuals.

Lumber comes in freely over the Midland and
Grand Trunk to this city ; and in this connec-
tion it gives me great pleasure to say a good
word in behalf of that much abused company,
theG.T.R. So far as lumbermen are concerned,
at least, there is little fault to find with the
treatment received at theirhands. The officials,
without a single exception, so far as I have had
an opportunity of judging, are gentlemen in the
truest sense of the word ; always obliging and
courteous, and prompt in the transaction of all
business coming before them. Not half as much
red-tapeism in their method of doing business
as with some one-horse roads to be found here ;
in fact, it is generally with the latter that you
find the most snobbery and incivility.

The price of the various grades of lumher is
likely to advance in the local market, especially
on bill stuff cut to order. An increase in the
rates of freight from all points north is said to
be in contemplatfon by the H. & N. W. R. Co.
This was to be expected at no distant date after
the N. R. Co. obtained possession of the H. &
N. W. R., thereby stopping competion from
all points north of this place and Hamilton,
Most people who do business over those roads
are under the impression that rates are high
enough at present, but when the powers that be
determine otherwise, they will have to submit
eracefully if they like, but submit anyway ; this
is the inevitable result of all monopolies.

There is now a large quantity of cedar posts

coming to phe market to meet the demand con- | Common boards, promiscuous widths........... 13 00
Scantling and joist, up LOAG Eason peers or 20 14 00
sequent on the building and laying down block 1s thee epee 14 50
pavement on many of our streets. None but o s 3 20 £6.\.. 0 essences. -- > 15 50
4 5 e L2'iias so pineidereede ee se 16 50
perfectly sound cedar is allowed to be used in “ “ “ BY ies Pecan 5 ae 18 00
the pavement, and the price of cedar is likely to Conner Lees aoe teense st eteee teeter eeeees oe 4 4
« . . 5) n » PIA cece cer eee n snes tt eeennsnnee
advance, especially as the shipper hitherto has Cutting up ae and boards::'crstureete gee 18 00
not received sufficient remuneration for his tim- | Sound dressing stocks...: sssccccscceecceecseee 17 00
4 : . Cleanjand picks’ <i) -utast -.slslelocls gies ye cite ote lelnirtee 28 00
ber and trouble in cutting and hauling, the | pjypc¢ uppers, Am. inspection. soe» ---+.sess0 ve. 25 00
prices paid in the past only leaving him some- he inch dressed and matched flooring a4
thing like $16 per car at the point of shipment. right “ “ “ De Be ai i 2 we) ms
ralics . | XXX sawn shingles, @M............... re
Thave doubts, however, as to this kind of road Lath per 1000 feck: i EC ples PRE co eae

way fully meeting the wants of our citizens. In
my opinion the nature of that kind of wood is
so porous ; that it will absorb much filth and
moisture, and ultimately become a nuisance.

Freights to Oswego continue the same, but will
doubtless shortly advance. Rates for unloading
at Oswego having advanced ten cents per M., and
sailors’ wages being likely to advance, it is hard
to see how vessel owners can long continue to
carry at the present rates, as it certainly leaves
them a very small trifle after paying all expenses
incurred.

Shingles still continue scarce, and dealers hesi-
tate to pay the advanced figures demanded by
manufacturers, although my own impression is
that prices are no higher than they should be in
order to enable the maker to pocket a fair profit.

Mill cull boards and seantling is ia\skolayetetave svaraliutar ale 414 $ 9 00
Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths. ...... 12 00
SUOCKS Wi ofeiciersivisivisicictetarsietsieeieistertioraiateis 13 00
Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft........s.eeeeeeee 12 00
ile) al a/s/0 aida a(o\e slofeleke 12 00
$3 Ke Us QO Pb cveccescccesseccs 12 50
Ss 4 e 22 i sccccene eovcccccce 13 00
WO s Ww Dir AO BE DABONOOSOUO HC 13 50
ne ee Ks QTE... ..ceciens ses tire cin 14 50
cs us ff 2S Eis cs sasWaels tno 15 50
v3 ze Se 30 ft..... rrsveleln p\S1&i6:5 01s sip 17 00
ae as GZILE iletstaw celeste c’niciv(s cle 18 00
cs ss Sf BA Biriwietesie rts (a 8b eieieieree 20 00
U3 st ss BB 'EE. nis ire pfelelsleleteictaccteiaiy 22 00
ss sé oA BS Lbs cians wecleisielace serene 25 00
ct vs ae AO TOVALITE penis cuisine 80 00
Cutting up planks to dry..............sseeeenes 18 00
ae DOGKASY (hit elanvasinjclojelee eieitevate viele victe 16 00
Sound dressing Stocks: csc sncleee seen wiclesleesen 16 00
Picks Am. inspection...... ssessesseeeseeeee 26 00
Three uppers, Am. inspection.............00005 82 00
{yrineh flooring, ressed Sriae cractasrsieniers ee CaCO 28 00
14 NOUR seisienisceicrelsaninelerstets tasers 14 00
Tyas u ChE Ct leGngonpaencedcascccgea: 24 00
lt O: SE) F undressed sissies svetetects te eselvieinlv fave 14 00
ae (3 AYOSSGC dejete ciaiarsiec sieotsicleinia'elplaretate 20 00
ss U MINGLOSSEU ois. toie citaratern lesb leiviele 15 00
i Beaded Sheeting, dressed..........:.++-se0ees 20 00
Clapboarding, dressed .........essseeeeseeesens
XXX sawn s lingles, BM
XX sawn shingles............+

Sawn Tach s ciets.. icles. alco eivicisiatsleievialvietrels claete nites

LONDON, ONT.
From Our Own Correspondent,

August 25,—My last letter, which from some
unexplained cause did not appear in your issue
of the 15th August, gave, I think, a good synopsis
of the lumber trade of this city as it stands to-
day. I mentioned in that letter that business
had slackened off somewhat, and that merchants
were waiting for the expected ‘‘ spurt,” which
would last in all probability till the setting-in
of the first frost, Well, the ‘‘spurt” has not
yet arrived ; meantime there is plenty to do,
and more time to do it in than dealers have had
for the past few months, The demand for mill
culls and scantling is very brisk, and I may say
the same of scantling and joist of the medium
lengths, but in other grades everything is quiet,
shingles excepted.

The Exhibition building is now nearing its
completion in lumber material, and my state-
ment of half a million feet will perhaps be a
somewhat short estimate of the quantity used.

The cedar block pavement from Dundas to
the G. W. R. depot on Richmond will probably
require about forty to fifty carloads of posts, and
the locality from which they will chiefly come is
at present indefinite, Will know more of this
matter when the laying begins. I only hope
the merchants on Richmond street will not fling
their poisoned arrows of despotism at the
workers as the Yonge street shopkeepers did dur-
ing their temporary state of transition. In-
convenience and laying block pavements are
synonymous, and those who have been through
the mill should know this.

There is no change to report in prices since
my last, and a copy of this I append.

I wish I could give you some items of ship-
ping, but will have to wait until communication
is opened up with the St. Clair river and the
Georgian Bay via the ‘“‘ Thames,” which it has
been proposed to ‘‘ scoop out” and make navig-

able.
Mill cull boards and scantling.............sseees $8 00
Shipping eull boards, promiscuous widths....... 10 00

10 and 12 in. stocks,,..... 10 650

———E—E—ESEEE_
ST. JONN, N. B.
From Our Own Correspondent.
SHIPPING.—Shipping is still scarce in the har-
bor, and will be so for some little time, until
the fall fleet begins to put in an appearance.
VESSELS IN PORT.—The following is a list of
the vessels in port, with their tonnage and desti-
nation :—

STEAMERS.

Scindia, 1423, dis.
SHIPS.

Asiana, 1193, Liv éxpeol!

John Murphy, 1472, Liverpool.
Missouri, 818, repairing.

Naval Reserve, 1831, Liverpool.
Wm. A, Campbell, 1538, Liverpool.

BARQUES,

B. Hilton, 986, dis, W. C. England or E.C. Ireland.
Hants County, 641, Bristol Channel.
Huron, 774, United Kingdom.
Industri, dis.
Sichem, 519, dis.
Providence, 478, ——
Vestfold, 500, dis.
Cite d’Aleth, 273, France.
Algeria, 620, Hare Island.
Kate Crosby, 697, Dublin.
BRIGS.
Leah, 554,
Myrtle, 169, dis.
G.S. Berry, 236,
Curlew (new) 350, Bristol Channel.

FREIGHTS.—Freights continue to stiffen a lit-
tle, as a consequence of the rising market in
England, and at this writing we can quote from
56/3@57/6 to direct ports in United Kingdom,
and we know of one charter made at 60s., with
a choice of five ports. American and coastwise
freights are about the same. Logs are scarce
and in demand, and very easily command $8.
Deals are also hard to find. A great many
small country mills have shut down for the
present, being out of stock, and supplies from
this source are about exhausted. The stock on
hand for sale is small, and lots are readily dis
posed of at $9 per M.

The American market just now is dull, in con-
sequence of recent numerous arrivals of Jumber-
laden vessels.

The tonnage from the port of St. John, arriv-
ng in Liverpool up to the Ist of August of this
and the two preceeding years is as follows:

UBIO. v.05. aeiwet av nme Neem ces hic Ter seOe
1880. soe cceeecieneys oveinme bu cass as sDaylOS
DESL: x0.00s8ss'eccnte 4b hag winwe ani eensaw he 31,055

Showing a considerable decrease for this year.

The stock of lumber on hand in Liverpool on
the first of August, with the importation and
consumption, is as follows:

IMPORTATION, STOCK. CONSUMPTION.
N. B. and N. S, Standards. Standards. Standards,
Spruce Deals. . 11,524 16,428 8,681

The English market still shows signs of im-
provement, and we sincerely hope that the
advance may not be a temporary inflation, but
a healthy and permanent improvement.

Your editorial remarks anent the practise of
running American logs through Canadian waters
and shipping the manufactured article free of
duty to the States, are very pertinent. There
is no doubt that the privilege is much abused,
and the Canadian manufacturer is simply two
dollars per thousand worse off than his Ameri-
can next door neighbor who produces a consul’s
certificate that his lumber was cut in American
waters, and is the growth and produce of the
United States. The evil, for it is one, should
most assuredly be remedied, and that right
speedily.

St. John, N.B., Aug. 20, 1881.

ecg
From Another Correspondent.

THE LOG supPLY.—The heayy rains during
the last few weeks caused a great rise of water
in our rivers, in consequence of which large
quantities of logs which had been hung up on
the main river and Jarger tributaries have been
run out, including a large portion of those be-
longing to the State of Maine in the Aroostook
river. These logs will now become available
for the fall sawing. As the latest advices from
Great Britain report the continued improve

x

ment of the markets on that side of the water,

and as the shipments from this direction for the
present, as well as for the immediate future,
will be on a limited scale, we may reasonably
look forward to a large and profitable business
this fall.

FReIGHTS.—There has been very little done in
chartering since the date of last report. Avail-
able tonnage is in light supply, and shippers are
backward in responding to the advanced rates
demanded, The market is very firm, however,
and rates are not likely to recede. The last
transactions we hear of were the B. Hilton and
Sichem, both for the west coast of England, at
57/6.

SxipmeNts.—The shipments of deals and other

sawn lumber are as follows :—

For Europe...........: 12,896,000 Sup. feet.
‘* United States...... 2,289,000 **
* Amptrala,; . 162522 501,000 *

St. John, N.B., Aug. 22, 1881.

OSWEGO, N.Y. ~
Avc. 25.—The following are the quotations :

‘THYGS-UpPPers... .... 00s se 08 aeueee 5 ode eek ee $42 00@45 00
PickKings.....,cccc-+ wong unnmtneaen 32 00@35 00
Fine, common and dressing.............. 20 00@25 00
ComMON. ... ...':+se0seseaseeen eu -- 14 00@18 00
Culls. . weececcoe sels aes'e sen aeenenn iat
Mill run ‘Tots. b Jaco os ulpits demure Siete 17 00@22 00
Sidings, selected, 1, 1} inch...... .... 30 00@37 00
Mill run, 1x10, 12in......... 16 00@21 00
Selected 1!) Soe 00@25 00
Strips, 1 and 1} inch mill run 14 00@18 00
“ec “ “ culls 10 00@13 00

1x6 selected for clapboards.. . 25 00@40 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, pine. .. 3 75@ 3 90
KX<~. sce thing .. 275@ 2 90

XXX, 18 inch, cedar. - 800@ 3 25

vi va . 225@ 2 40

TaGU fe ode ve ros te cents sae -. 140@1 40
No change in prices. Dealers arenow getting

forward new cut stocks, About all last year’s
cut has been got forward, and disposed of. The
demand keeps up, and prices are quite firm.
Country dealers are now satisfied that very little
change can be made in prices during the season,
and are buying quite freely and paying very
promptly—a sure sign that they are selling at
an advance.

NEW YORK.

Avcust 15.—The present season has been one
of unusual activity in this department of busi-
ness. At the opening of the year, prices of the
majority of goods were resting upon an extreme-
ly low basis, and with a hardening of real estate
values all around, the prospects favored an exten-
sive tradé so soon as the weather was sufficiently
settled to admit of preparations. The predic-
tions that were uttered at that time, and the
anticipations, have been realized to the fullest
extent, as not only has the consumption of this
country exceeded that for many years, but for-
eign countries have drawn upon us liberally. and
the demand does not as yet appear satisfied.
Well may people ery out that our forests are
disappearing, and that but a few years only will
elapse before there is an actual scarcity, for such
statements are true, and the several State gov-
ernments should see to it that where felling is
extensively carried on planting should be en-
couraged to the same degree.

Never in the history of this city and its sur-
roundings have building operations been so
extensive. The island is rapidly filling up with
costly and attractive edifices, and the end of the
operations appears no nearer now than it did
several months ago. The enormous demand for
land has been the means of forcing values for
such to an extreme upward point, but buyers do
not hesitate, for though surface space is dear,
space above is unlimited and cheap. This can
be seen in the many structures that are attain-
ing a height of ten and ‘even twelve stories, the
trouble of mounting the enormous pile being
removed by the general use of elevators: in fact,
the preference is given to offices high up in the
world, as a cool and bracing atmosphere is as-
sured, and the noise and bustle of the street is
thus avoided.

The position of the market to-day is exceed-
ingly favorable. Spruce, yellow and white pine, —
walnut—in fact all descriptions—are actively
inquired for, and prices are maintained at a
point that yield a very remunerative return to
the manufacturer, and few, if any, express fears —
as to the future situation.

WHITE PINE.

Since the extraordinary foreign business 0

June the export demand has steadily fallen off,

wy

re

ae OU gpl aE he eee

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

but the less demand for shipment has seemingly
been made good by the increase in home con-
sumption. Yard dealers report a business not
experienced before in years, and are constantly
in the market to replenish the rapidly depleting
stocks, and seldom make an effort to secure any
concession from the prices asked by first hands.
The continued strong advices from all western
points, also those from Canada, have resulted
in establishing an exceedingly firm market here,
but no effort has been made to secure a corres-
ponding rise to compare with the higher views
elsewhere expressed, as it is said, and truly too,
that this market is the last to answer to an im-
provement, but first to respond to a decline.
The receipts from the north and west continue
quite heavy on contracts made during the winter
months, and the stock here is therefore kept
full, offering a good assortment from which buy-
ers can select. Freight rates from Albany
remain at $1 per thousand, and are steadily
maintained. The quotations in this market to-

day are :—

THICK UPPERS—2% TO 6 INCHES.
Good....... SOCOOOUOD COR OD OOnOIOOOT nots $00 00@65 00
RADI etiesleleilelniciaeeicie viele 's'ele/e'ele\nv.ce.sse 00 00@60 00
PNRM steteiatalelaicteh«ls'e1s)</aleiaivais) eiein + +.. 00 00@55 00
LEUE STUET so one taqa UD ORSOp oe See Cn DOeonane 00 00@50 00
PERPMTERUCIV ENE celoyeis slors oe tielniesseia rats o0's 2 28 00@30 00
Common, 12-inch...... Aen se AogoCpn @18 00
RFOMIITIOUPWICES aie cio aint ofviei= siaisije:c' «i'd eicio's)s 19 00@22 00
BAPES ae eeitieisietscleisisiccalera cece cfjeutvelteieia.c 16 00@27 00
Building schedules. ............seeeeeree 28 00@35 00
Clear, Fito 2 1), SOO. ..:.2.00-. 000 ses0ces 60 00
re Hnemniseiael= elewiss'acesye cin Rislelctataj¢rain 55 00
NelGCHGNS ec cede co. ses see Hoc odaadonuaS 50 00
LEG 20S so sesboscocuods esasteadecsoso0g 45 00

CHICAGO.

Aveust 17.—The following are the quotations:
CARGO QUOTATIONS.

Joistand scantling, green,ordinary lengths$11 00@11 50
Joist and scantling, green, 20 feet and over 12 00@15 00

Mill run, choice green..................- 16 50@21 00
Mill run, medium, ETEEN. 2.06 fe cess cere 13 00@16 50
Mull ran; common, 2 oe ice cece 11 00@13 0U
Shingles, standard...... .......eeeee..0e 2 60@ 2 70
PRINS ISBT OKRISUPA civic =| (oc dct ccs cess sacns 2 70@ 2 90
Sian MER inletaiecoisiale s.ctadlc oike/e s/.<\0:0'0\ 016 1 80@ 1 85
LAKE FREIGHTS,
MATIBECS cole otele o)s:0 0.005 aaptainieisletsiaita (anise sieie si16 $2 123
MISIRRCO Oi peed ate sete sis pele ddie'sceeessle dress. 1 623
aD LG TEI ameite ees aise ae acters acc vieicie's » 1 87%
Pexpnil ORIN WTR ae onida cer eiasiadne @sitasc fvecise's + « 1 624
PHONIC eas aiipnls ne sinse ss cee cae s seWeele,e:s.0's 2 124
ber ay ee ORS Re ie ee ee 2 124
VES MARC am eet ois wan viele elo ltia, cin ais oicceneses ies
Ford River..... ee itlnid bai s ool alnieip o'n. oe > ye ole aie 2 00

Receipts and shipments of lumber and shingles
for the week ending August 16:
RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS.
Lumber. Shingles. Lumber, Shingles.

1881...... 73,698,000 27,305,000 54,698,000 21,420,000
1880...... 55,596,000 22,317,000 37,520,000 7,974,000

Receipts and shipments of lumber and

shingles from January 1to andincluding Aug. 16:
RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS.

Lumber, Shingles, Lumber. Shingles,

1881.1,002,154,000 420,801,000 1,043,226,000 430,730,000
1880. $14,225,000 368,483,000 816,166,000 380,185,000

TONAWANDA,

Auvcust 15.—Market brisk, sales active and
prices firm. Ata recent meeting of the Tona-
wanda and Buffalo Lumbermen’s associations,
in joint session, it was decided to advance the
prices of pine lumber to correspond with the in-
crease at the western mills and other leading
markets. The figures have therefore been raised
$1 per M. on all grades below shelving ; $2 per
M. on shelving and higher grades. The terms
have also been changed from 2 per cent. to 14
per cent. discount for cash, or 60 days. Dealers
here are feeling buoyant over the prospects, and
trade continues brisk.

CARGO LOTS—SAGINAW INSPECTION,

Three uppers.. - $40 00@45 00
Common.... -- 17 50@20 00
OOS 55-6. -. 11 50@12 50

BUFFALO.
Aveust 15.—The following are the latest
quotations for cargo lots :—

1 Soros Po eT ore $40 00@50 00
ee reer re 17 00@20 00
ELS abs one waded Ooo orccsecojescacce 13 00@14 00
Dressing BLOCK. 6042-0002 20e pase 2050 18 00@20 09
EE MUNETIODS St fer ties Aotaitin i de o0'0s/s 17 W@19 90

Cured of Drinking.

“A young friend of mine was cured of an insatiable
thirst for liquor, which had ¢o prostrated him that he
was unable to do any business. He was entirely cured
by the use ot Hop Bitters. It allayedall that burning
thirst ; took away the appetite for liquor, made his

specifications,

GLASGOW,
Singleton, Dunn & Co.’s monthly timber cir-
cular, dated Glasgow, 11th August, says :—

Imports are larger than at the corresponding
date last year. This is owing to the earlier
arrivals this season, the spring fleet being oom-
plete ; while last year it was well on in August
when cargoescame forward. Businesscontinues
very languid, and notwithstanding the enhanced
values at Quebec, operations here are on a very
restricted scale. At several auctions of timber
at which fresh timber was offered, it was diffi-
cult to effect sales, even when sellers were willing
to meet buyers. In these circumstances it is
clearly the interest of shippers to curtail sup-

lies, 38 an undue augmentation of stocks must
necessarily check speculative business and de-
press prices. North of Europe goods are much
weaker than in the spring, and for battens and
deals very low rates are accepted.

BoarpDwoop—Waney.—Some good 20-inch
average was placed at 2s. 4d., and a small quan-
tity of 17-inch prime at 2s. per cubic foot. The
stock on hand is unduly heavy, and will no
doubt make it difficult to realize even fair rates.
The consumption is an average.

Wuitt Prne.—Owing to the holidays little
enquiry has arisen, and we have heard of no
transactions. A considerable quantity of deck
plankwood was sold to arrive, Some 50 feet
average lengthy joisting wood was sold at 173d.,
and a parcel of nice 35-40 cubic feet fair average
at 15d. per cubic foot. A line of g.f.a. 70 cubic
feet, last season’s import, was closed at 18d. per
cubic foot.

Rep Prne.—The demand is unusually dull,
and sales that were made were at low rates—
14d. to 15d. for 30 to 35 feet, and 15d. for some
extra fine 22 cubic feet average. The stock on
hand is extraordinarily large, and should not be
increased.

Prrcu Prne.—Theimport has been very heavy,
and as the consumption was only about an aver-
age, we are now left with a full stock. Sawn is
not excessive, but hewn is far beyond the de-
mands of the trade. Prices have been fair for
sawn—say for selected sizes 17d. per cubic foot,
and for quantities 30 to 35 feet average 153d. to
164d. per cubic foot. A parcel of 35 feet average
contract wood was placed at equal to 164d., and
a parcel of 40 feet average at 17d. per cubic foot.
Some other sales were made at as low as 16d. to
164d. for 40 cubic feet average. Hewn.—A
quantity of large average, comprising mast and
spar pieces, was placed at 17d. to 18d. The
ordinary sizes, 70 to 80 feet, are very dull of sale.
Planks.—Almost no demand.

Etu.—The consumption was very restricted,
and consequently a large stock is now on hand.
A small quantity of old 30 feet average was
placed at 18d., and a small lot of 50 feet average
prime at 2s. per cubic foot.

Oak.—Too much of last season’s woods re-
mains on hand, and as the railway companies
have parcels forward on contract, the prospects
for wood on the market are not encouraging.

Bircu.—Stock is ample, and contrary to ex-
pectations, the demand is dull. A full supply
of lower port and Quebec wood is now here.

AsH.—Some inches 14 and up sold at 2s. 1d.
to 2s, 2d. Demand dull meantime.

WaAtnot.—For prime and large an average of
5s, to 5s, 4d. per cubic foot was made.

Deats.—lst Pine—Dull, except for extra
Very low prices—21d. to 22d.
per cubic foot have been taken for 7 to 9 inches.
The stock, consisting mainly of oddments, is by
far too large. 3rd Pine—Quebec—The con-
sumption of these is light and prices low—at
Greenock 1s, per cubic foot, and at Glasgow 13d.
per cubic foot for standard sizes. 4th Quebec
Pine of long specification was sold at 114d. per
cubic foot. Lower Port Pine—The stock is
light, but as most of the dealers have cargoes on
contract, it is improbable that high prices will
be got for market cargoes. Quebec reds are
very unsaleable, except at very low rates,
Spruce—The demand was good, and prices were
well sustained. The last auction was of a cargo
per steamer from St. John, which sold readily
at from 104d. to 114d. for 9 inches and up, with
9d. for 7 inches, and 9d. to 10d. for 8 inches,
The lateness of imports from Riga has assisted
the sales of Canadian spruce,

11

DVT ds

SUPPLIES.

Extra Stretched and Patent Smooth Surface

RUBBER BELTING—in Stock, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Plies.

HOYT'S CELEBRATED

LEATHER BELTING.

COTTON BELTING, for Flour Mills. &c., Superior Quality.

DISSTON’S CELEBRATED MILL SAWS.
Steam Packing of all kinds, Rubber and Linen Hose, Silk Bolting Cloth, Emery

Wheels, Lacing Leather (Page’s Genuine),

Lard, Seal, Cylinder, Spindle, West Vir-

ginia and Wool Oils. Our Stock includes Mill Supplies and Rubber Goods of all
kinds. 24Quotations furnished for any part of Canada. ; 21

ESTEY, ALLWOOD & CO., SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by

The Canadian Steam Users’ Insurance Association

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO.

SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President.
HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres.

GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.

A. F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. lyLl7

BRACEBRIDGE.
To the Editor of The Canada Lumberman:

Ave, 22.—Lumbering has been at a standstill
here for some time past, but is beginning to |
move again, several parties having sent a few
men each into the woods, and judging from the
way standing timber has been selling, there will
soon be arush. There was a gang left here this
morning for the north shore of Lake Huron to
make board timber. Men are very scarce and
wages high. No doubt they will be more plen-
tiful when the harvest is over. The last of the
drive is over Muskoka Lake; it has been very
slow this summer, and will be late when the
last reaches Georgian Bay, but the mills are all
well supplied now, and will without difficulty be
kept so.

Edward Marlow, ‘‘hewer,” had his arm broken
on Saturday last by a kick from a horse at Port
Sydney.

I hope before next issue that I will be able to
report more lively times here.

A CANADIAN VIEW OF BIRCH.

A Toronto, Ontario, newspaper man inter-
viewed several lumber dealers and furniture

manufacturers on the scarcity of walnut, and all
were unanimous in saying that the only good
substitute is black birch, which is rapidly com-
ing into favor. Black birch is a close-grained
handsome wood, and can easily be stained to
resemble walnut exactly. It is just as easy to
work, and is suitable for nearly all purposes to
which walnut is at present applied. Birch is
much the same color as cherry, but as the latter
wood is now so scarce, and consequently so dear,
the dealers do not take much stock in it. It is
with difficulty that cherry wood can be obtained
at $50 per thousand feet, while birch wood can
be purchased at any saw-mill for $16. When
properly stained it is almost impossible to dis-
tinguish the difference between it and walnut,
as it is susceptible of a beautiful polish, equal
to any wood now used in the manufacture of
furniture. When it became known throughout
the United States and Canada that the supply
of walnut was almost exhausted, the dealers
set their brains to work to find a substitute, and
now since birch has been thought of the price is
slowly advancing.

In the forests through Ontario, birch grows in
abundance, especially if the land be not too
boggy. There is a great difference in the wood
of different sections. Where the land is high
and dry the wood is firm and clear, but if the

land where the wood is grown be low and wet,
the wood has a tendency to be soft, and of a
bluish color. In all the northern regions it can
be found in great abundance, and as the trees
grow to such a size, little trouble is experienced
in procuring a large quantity. The forests in
the Manitoulin Islands abound with it as well as
those of the Peterborough and Haliburton dis-

tricts. The Muskoka district also contains a
plentiful supply.

During the past few years large quantities of
this wood have been exported from tne Province
of Quebec at a low figure, but this will be stop-
ped when it is known that it is to take the
place of walnut in the near future. It is easily
detected among other trees on account of
its height, large trunk, and the peculiar color of
its coarse bark. Most of the perforated chair
bottoms now in use are manufactured from it.
There is a species of bird’s-eye birch, but it is
very scarce and is not more valuable commerci-
ally than the plain woods. In consequence of
the prospect of its speedy substitution for black
walnut, it should be husbanded with the great-
est of care. An evidence of the weight and
solidity of the wood is the fact that it will sink
after being a few days in the water. This fact
is a slight drawback to the work of having it
conveyed to the saw-mill. One of the principal
means resorted to is binding it together with
pine logs, and thus it is brought to the mill, but
pine cannot always be found where birch grows,
and it is then necessary to haul it, sometimes a
great distance, with the aid of horses.—Worth-
western Lumberman.

The Timber Line of Mountains.

Some very interesting facts were brought out
at a meeting of the Academy of natural science
of Philadelphia, concerning the timber line of
mountains. The highest Alpine vegetation con-
sists for the most part of short stemmed peren-
nials. Lower down are dwarfed trees‘of species
which still lower down the mountain sides form
forests of considerable height, and which, as
trees suited to merchantable purposes, make
what is known to mountain travellers as timber
lines.

In the mountains of Colorado the forests com-
menceat about 7,000 feet above sea level, and con-
tinue up to about 11,000 feet, when they sud-
denly cease. At this point the coniferous trees
are from 30 to 40 feet high, and above the same
species exist as stunted shrubs seldom exceeding
three or four feet in height and often but a foot,
through trailing [widely over the ground. In
the dwarfed condition they they are often found
some 1,500 feet higher up, or half way from the
recognized timber line on the top of the moun-
tain.

“On Mount Washington, in New Hampshire,
which is a little over 6,000 feet high, the timber
runs up about 4,000 feet, while Mount Webster,
a mountain forming the southern peak of the
same chain, and about 4,000 feet high, has little
timber above 3,000 feet. Roan Mountain, in
North Carolina, is about 5,300 feet above the
level of the sea and on some parts of the timber
extends to its summit. At a height of 5,000
feet black oak was measured that was five feet
in circumference and three feet from the ground,
and 40 feet high.

12 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

A. SATO KM A. DAT
ELECTRICIAN,

4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONTARIO.

Trusses for HERNIA Rupture,

The most Durable and Beneficial kind known to Medical Science always in
Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.

BATTERIES FOR BATHS,

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private Use; and
FARADIC BATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW.

ly1l7

National Manufacturing Company

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

a Wie

Ree iii
cane
LU SQut

ues

Photographers, Lawn and
and styles, white or fancy striped,
Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP
>” BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent-
ed; size when folded 2x 6 in.; 8 feet long, weighing
only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the
= weight of any man, Waterproof wagon and horse-
=» covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises.
T&F Special rates to Lumbermen. Send for cata-
logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
‘27 202 Sparks Street, ;Ottawa

OAK HALL

Nos. 115, 117, 119, 121, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.
We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........$6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 150
We give a Good Overalls for .............. 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lyLls

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MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BELTING

ee “First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .............00 Ottawa, 1875.
Lf \, First Prize, Provincial Exhibition............. Hamilton, 1876

YG } First Prize, Provincial Exhibition...... ......... London, 1877 §
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ...............6 Toronto, 1879

First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ............... Toronto, 1880
’ International Medal, Centennial Ex........ Philadelphia, 1876

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and discounts.

81 Colborne Street, Toronto.

of GO nw

ee ee

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited °

SEA Tr rom, CA NADA.

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED
oO 2 OT SE O XT

EMERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

These Wheels are And Specially Adapted
Wire Strengthened \ For Saw Gumming

Neither imal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

4
¥
f

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ,
GALT. MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO,, Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,
ST. CATHARINES. . TORONTO.
WE ALSO REFER TO
WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,

Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. Lumber Merchants, IyHIg

‘a

14 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

DAVID JONES’

CHE BkvAtT BD

Cast Steel Table Cutlery!

WeBest Cast Steel, Warranted.
N.B.

Hage Tool & Cutlery Works, Woodstock, N.B

Awarded Diploma and Medal by the New Brunswick Government in 1873.

Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever 0 fered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention tomy WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each 16
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 31, 1880.
ADAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are emploved, it is the best stove I have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.
Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT,

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.
ApaM HAuL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,
Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PrTERBOROUGH, June 8rd, 1880.
A. HAuL, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. 1 can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

x CG
TORONTO, ONT.

WV

TORONTO ENG GO.

D. McLACHLAN & SONS,

Manufacturers of all Descriptions of

STHAM BOTLERS.

SHIPS’ WATER-TANKS. Repairing Punctually Attended to.

NORTH SLIP, ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

ly-120

_ JUST PUBLISHED |!
LOVELL’S GAZETTEER

BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.

Containing the latest and most authentic descriptions of over SEVEN THOUS-
AND FIVE HUNDRED CITIES, TOWNS and VILLAGES, and of over EIGHTEEN
HUNDRED. LAKES and RIVERS in the Dominion of Canada;a TABLE OF ROUTES
shewing the proximity of the RAILROAD STATIONS, and SEA, LAKE and RIVER
PORTS to the CITIES, TOWNS and VILLAGES, and a neat COLORED MAP OF

THE DOMINION,
Price in Full Cloth, $3.00. Will be Mailed on Receipt of Price.
JOHN LOVELL & SON,

L19 Publishers, Montrea:

Northey s Steam Pump Works

MINING PUMPS,
PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
OIL PIPE LINES,
And CITY WATER WORKS.

BOILER FEED PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, |
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and |
WRECKING PUMPS. |

No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SEND FOR CIRCULAR. uT-ly

ee aa es

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 15

MARSHALL MURRAY

MANUFACTURER OF

CHURCH BELLS

Of a TONE and PRICE |

\ to Defy Competition.

aaah

dae al Ie, data ies

Ab RRDUISITES IN BRASS FUR SHIPS FURNISHED

ALSO,

GADVASWTIEBED W O RK XZ.

Corner of Francois and Roch Streets,

PALACE HARBOUR, ST. ROCH, QUEBEC.

.

_—— Sr ee es eee yee

p

i

16

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

Solfd Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from

25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only a single saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charge
often equal the cost of the whee]. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was s0 uncertain, and the demands
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels haye become as stapl
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) squaxe, round

or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of all in use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are:

8x \) 10x!
oxi \ 2 in. hole. 1px
Xa5 t
a 10x

# in, hole.

12x Holes,
12x | #, £ and Linch.

12xZ J

Probably more wheels 12xj, 12x} and 12x{ are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 4x1}, The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won’t touch it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second

touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

A QUA STIOWNW OF @ UA ay ye

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“(Extra Soft” wheel like the “Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved on wages. As we cannot get every one to

adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views.

We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we ean furnish

qualities to match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Tanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular

classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-elghths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “ Class 2.”
1t cuts fastand keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the ‘* Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as ‘‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS ‘‘*POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others.

It is both jiner in grain and softer than either of the above. As aSaw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is

specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Illustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.

The Tanite Co. Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

113

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

M. Covel's Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW
STEAM FEED |

I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Malls

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam
Feed, having put inseveral which are giving the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880.
Wm. HAMILTON, EsqQ., Peterborough.

DEAR Sir—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,
WILLIAM TAIT,

Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

. TORONTO, August lith, 1880.
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.
DEAR StR—The Steam I’eed you put in is working splen-
didly. Yours, &c,,
THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

Witt A We

ill ny a

sy nT
Ss a /

|

AMI
PHTHRBOROUGH, ONT.

MILL MACHINERY!

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for all
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, Small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &c.

CORLISS

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large —
= Factories of any Kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.

I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour. Lio \

in. ron,

PUBLISHED
SEMI-MONTHLY. 5

SUBSCRIPTION

VOL. 1.

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada. {$2.00 PER ANNUM

NO. 22.

wwe

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., SEPTEMBER 15, 1881.

THE Ottawa Free Press, of August 29th, says
that quite a quantity of lumber is being shipped
to the United States by McClymont & Co. per
St. Lawrence & Ottawa railway. Twelve cars
laden with sawn lumber left from the siding near
the engine house across the Rideau to-day.
More will follow during the week.

The Mississippi Lumberman says that a sale

of 1,000 acres of pine land on the St. Louis river’|

for $12,500 occurred last week. The purchase
was made by Mr, Fowler, of Saginaw, Mich.
The price is the highest ever paid for timber in
that region, but if amy body understands the
value of pine trees it is Mr. Fowler, who for
years has been an extensive operator on the
Hudson shore. 5

THE boom in timber lands extends to Penn-
sylvania. <A journal of that State says:—Hon.
Samuel Calvin, of Hollidaysburg, recently sold
the timber right on a tract of land in White
township, Cambria county, for the snug sum of
$45,000. The same tract, timber and all, was
bought, it is stated, a number of years ago by
that gentleman, from a gentleman of Ebensburg,
now deceased, for the sum of $1,000.

A Quepec despatch of last week described
arrangements as completed by Messrs. Allan,
Grant & Co., of Ottawa, to ship to that city a
large number of cars of square timber. A switch
will run on the Custom House wharf to accom-
modate the first cargo, which when arrived will
be thrown into the pond alongside the wharf,
enclosed by a boom, and then rafted and towed

_ to the cove of Messrs. Cook Bros. & Co.

Surveys of public lands now being made in
the San Fernando and Catalina mountains have
disclosed the fact that there are large tracts of
table lands in those mountains, embracing sev-
eral hundred thousand acres of the very best
white and yellow pine, from twenty inches to
three feet in diameter. There are groves with
an average height of seventy to one hundred
feet. The Texas Pacific and Atchison, Topeka
& Santa Fe railroads will traverse this region,
and make it valuable as a source of supply for
southern Arizona, Sonora and Chihuahua,

Tue report of the Government cinchona plan-
tations in Southern India indicates the aston-
ishing progress made since slips of this valuable
tree were first planted in that district twenty
years ago.
out is more than four and ahalf millions,
present the greater part of the bark produced

| appears to be consumed in supplying the medi-
tal depots at Calentta, Bombay and Madras;
but upward of 3,000 pounds was last year sold
the public, and the annual yield is rapidly

_ inereasing with the growth of the trees, The

" profit last year on the capital of the plan-
tation is stated to have been eight per cent.

The number of trees now planted |
At |

TuE Nova Scotia Glass Co., New Glasgow,
have just placed an order for 10,000 boxes to
pack the goods of their manufacture. This
means the cutting up of some 250,000 feet of
lumber. The company are pushing their works
forward, and they confidently anticipate being
able to make glass Monday week. The crucibles
have just been set.

Mr. 5. P. Bensamin, of White Rock Mills,
Kings Co., N. 8., has started at that place a
barrel and box factory for making boxes and
barrels for the putting up of apples and plums,
ete. He has put in improved machinery, and is
able to turn out 240 barrels a day, besides boxes.
Next year Mr. Benjamin intends putting in
machinery that will turn out at least 60,000 bar-
rels, saying nothing of boxes, which he can
furnish to an unlimited extent.

A HarrissurcG, Penn., paper says:—The
maple and hemlock forests of Pennsylvania have
never had the benefit of the right kind of enter-
prise to render them as important and produc-
tive as their real value ought to produce for
them. The maple wealth of Pennsylvania is as
valuable as that of her black walnut, if properly
handled, because the wood is hard and can be
utilized to as beautiful effects in building and
furniture as that of walnut or ash. This wood
grows to enormous abundance in this State, and
will sooner or later become one of the most pro-
fitable sources of industry for those who know
how to put it on the market.

THE Timber Trades Journal, of August 13th,
says:—There was a goodly array of shipping
reported the last week, both in London and
Liverpool, laden or partly laden with timber
goods, and those who have been apprehensive of
short supplies, will be much cheered by the in-
creasing importation. It is remarkable too that
just half of the arrivals at Liverpool were by
steamships, and for the first time in London, in
a busy import month, more than half were
steamers—of 60 timber vessels reported 31 were
steamships, one more than half. In Liverpool,
of 33 arrivals 16, or barely half, were steamers.
Heretofore we have seldom known more than a
third of the arrivals steamships.

Celebrities.
It is worthy of note that amongst some of the
men who have risen from the ranks of industry
are the late Rev. Dr. Morley Punshon, a tim-
ber merchant’s clerk, Ben Johnson, a bricklayer,
Carlyle, the son of a stonemason, Socrates, a
statury, and Robert Burns, a farm carpenter
and laboring rustic.

Tur Greatest PopunAriry oF Dr, FowLER’s Ex-
TRACT OF WILD STRAWBERRY is where it has been long-
est known. Time cannot detract from its merits. It
is the oldest reliable remedy for all bowel complaints
incident to the summer seagon.

WHAT BURNS THE MILLS.

With the opening of the season the saw-mill
proprietor enters not only upon a period of active
labor in the production of lumber, but upon a
season fraught with the gravest apprehensions.
If he could be about the mill through the night
as well as through the day, and were he en-
dowed with powers that did not need to seek
recuperation in sleep, he could rest somewhat
easy in his mind as he contemplated the risk
attaching to his property, in the contemplation
of the fact that his own eternal vigilance would
prove the price of his safety from the danger of
fire.

Careless engineers and faithless watchmen are
about the most dangerous things to be found
about a mill. The former allows the sawdust to
accumulate about the furnace doors or hearth,
and if the truth were to be known about many
a saw-mill fire, it would be found to have its in-
ception in this scattered sawdust, which ignited
while the engineer had “‘ just stepped out of the
fire-room for a minute.” His call outside proves
a most dangerous minute for the proprietor,
though the resultant destruction could have
been averted if the hearth had been swept be-
fore he stepped out. Probably two-thirds of
the fires which destroy saw-mills in the day-time
arise from this cause. It is no uncommon thing
to see the engineer of a saw-mill bank up his
hearth doors with sawdust when he shuts down
at noon and goes to his dinner. Such an en-
gineer is a most excellent subject for discharge
from a man’s employ, for if the mill does .not
take fire the first time he does it, the old adage
about taking the pitcher to the well once too
often is pretty sure to be verified before the
season is over.

Night fires are more usually the result of a too
implicit confidence in the watchman than many
suppose. We would not assert that all watch-
men are unfaithful, but experience has proved
the value of a proprietor s call at the mill at un-
seasonable hours of the night. If you find a
wide plank or two laying across the top of your
boilers, or suspiciously near the arch, you may
be pretty sure that a quiet visit to that locality
in the small hours of the night, will find them
occupied by a lodger whom you haye paid to
walk around and see that no merauders are
threatening your property, andno incipient blaze
is endangering its safety. It is a good thing to
have an energetic man in your employ, but
when you find your watchman always ready to
fill an extra place during the day, and apparent-
ly able to do without sleep for an indefinite
length of time, youcan be almost positively sure
that what sleep he dispenses with in the day
time is taken at your risk during the night. It
is well known to be suspicious of the faithfulness
of the man who can watch all night and every
night, and grow fat on it, while working half or
three-quarters of the time during the day. It is
at least a good plan to visit him when he least

expects you, for by such visits you can often re-

duce the amount of your apprehension, if not
the actual premium of your insurance.

The spark-catcher on your smoke stack may
be all safe enough, for practical purposes ; but
when you find a little patch of fire here and
there through the mill yard, on a hot day, it will
pay handsomely to call in the boiler-maker, or
set your engineer at work to make the meshes
smaller, or to put up a new wire screen in place
of the damaged one, which will warm you some
day with a hotter blaze thanjis healthy or profit-
able. Your?fire-pump may be a first-class one ;
but when you go into a mill and see a row of
empty water buckets in the rack on the saw
floor, you can rest assured that if a fire ever starts
on those premises, the fire pump will be of very
little service. Empty buckets are a pretty sure
sign of lazy engineers and mill foremen, and dis-
abled pump. Unfortunately, when a fire starts
on saw-mill premises, it is usually in too much
of ahurry to get through the contract it has
taken in hand to allow a machinest to be sent
for to put the pumps in order, or to repair the
hose which has been hanging on a peg in the wall
until it is ready to drop to pieces from decay.
The truism that a ‘‘ stitch in time saves nine,”
has often been correctly rendered, “‘ a full bucket
of water saves the mill.” With the record of
saw-mill fires daily increasing, it well becomes
all who are interested in this class of property
to give the subject of its safety from fire a little
of the care that is taken to obtain a full stock of
logs, or an extraordinary cut by the saws.—
Monetary Times.

Hints Concerning Saws.

A saw just large enough to cut through a
board will require less power than a saw larger,
the number of teeth, speed and thickness being
equal in each. The more teeth the more power,
provided the thickness, speed and feed are
equal. There is, however, a limit, or a point
where a few teeth will not answer the place of
alarge number. The thinner the saw the more
teeth will be required to carry on equal amount
of feed to each revolution of the saw, but always
at the expense of power. When the bench saws
are used, and the sawing is done by a guage, the
lumber is often inclined to clatter and raise up
the back of the saw when pushed hard. The
reason is that the back half of the saw, having
an upward motion, has a tendency to lift and
raise the piece being sawn, especially when it
springs and pinches on the saw, or crowds be-
tween the saw and the gauge; while the cut at
the front of the saw has the opposite tendency
of holding that part of the piece down, The
hook or pitch of the saw-tooth should be on a
line from one-quarter to one-fifth for a softer
timber. For very fine-toothed saws designed for

heavy work, such as shingles, &c., even from.

soft wood, one-quarter pitch is best.—Zumber
World.

TERRIBLE BUSH FIRES.
THOUSANDS OF SQUARE MILES BURNED AND
LAID WASTE.

Detrorr, Sept. 9.—The accounts which are
hourly coming in as to the ravages of the for-
est fires show that there has been very little, if
any exaggeration in the matter. The high
winds that prevailed cut off nearly every means
of escape. Large burning masses were lifted
up and borne to great distances, starting fires
in fresh places, and adding to the destruction.
At Freeing the unfortunate people, most of
whom are Poles, were caught in a fire-trap, and
literally roasted alive, together with their cattle
and horses. Asa rule they were all new settl-
ers. Numbers of them, blinded by the smoke
and crazed by the fury of the flames and the
agony of their sufferings, either died of their
injuries or committed suicide. At least 300 are
supposed to have perished. ;

The following villages have been completely
burned down :—Bad Axe, Verne, Forest Bay,
Richmondville, Charleston, Anderson, Decker-
ville, Harrisville, and Sandusky. The follow-
ing have been partly burned:—Port Hope,
Minden, and Ubbey. The loss in the villages
is as nothing to that in the country, which is
simply incalculable. The exact loss of life can-
not yet be adequately ascertained, and the
amount of damage done to property can only be
roughly estimated.

At Paris, near Port Sanilac, up to last night,
forty-five corpses, nearly all those of Poles,
were found within a mile, many persons being
still missing. In the whole settlement there is
not one building left. Houses, crops, fences,
all have disappeared.

South of Forestville from the lake back seven
miles not one house is left to the square mile.

One man at Cato loses $40,000 in grist mills,
store and hotel. Here the settlers are nearly all
Germans, and newcomers, and all have been
burned out. The fire swept their property off
like a hurricane, and drove many of them like
sheep into the lake, where they perished miser-
ably.

In Deleware township the people and cattle
crowded to the lake shore. Men, women, and
children have lost even the clothes they stood up
in, and the unfortunate cattle have had their
very hides burned through.

In Huron county the same has happened.
One man driving through Huron county dir-
ectly after the spread of the fire, reported that
he had met five women entirely naked, each
earrying a child. Hegave them two flour bags to
eover themselves with. A farmer saved his
family, consisting of his wife and eight children
by taking refuge in a field of buckwheat. <A
poor woman in his neighbourhood endeavoured
to save herself and children by digging a hole
and covering them as best she could with her
hands. They were all subsequently found dead.
The little ones had their heads burned off to
the shoulders. The loss of cattle and animals
isimmense. Twenty head of cattle were found
ina half-acre lot dead. Animals are strewed
in all directions.

In addition to the dead, which are estimated
at from 700 to 1,000, fully 5,000 persons have
been rendered homeless, of whom many are
absolutely without shelter.

Near Sanilac township, northwards, the people
did not know any fire was near them until it was
on them, and all had to run for the lake, and it
being but ashort distance all reached itin safety.
John Kerr and family were asleep when their
building caught, and a neighbour seeing it ran
and woke them, and they succeeded in saving
their house, but lost all else.

Mrs. W. Burgess got seperated from her hus-
band and lay all night in a ditch. Another per-
son laid down in a mud-puddle and rowled over
all night. Large parties of men have been de-
tailed to bury the dead animals less their corpses
should breed a pestilence. The task of burying
the human beings has in many cases been left
to strangers, of whom one man reports that he
saw 116 persons burned. In one place he saw
four wagons bearing eight coffins, and one man
walking behind alone. It was his entire family,
Another man was following three coffins.

The whole of the Sanilac burnt region has
been traversed by Rev. Z. Grenfell, Jr., pastor
of the First Baptist Church here. He reports
that the herald of the approach of the fire was

THE CANADA

darkness and a copper-coloured appearance of
the sky. Later it changed to a deep red, and
by two o’clock on the afternoon of Monday it
became so dark that lanterns were a necessity
in order that people might find their way out
of doors. Mr. Grenfell relates the story of a
Mr. J. Jenks, who said that the darkness was
so intense that in passing his hand before his face
it could not be seen. In the woods were many
dead of every age, and presenting the revolting
appearance of bodies which are scorched and
charred by fire. The skill and courage of men
seemed impotent to cambat such flames, and the
fleeing people were caught in fire traps and
roasted as were their live stock. Mr. Grenell
tells of one farmer who was ploughing with his
oxen a few miles from Sand Beach, who, per-
ceiving the approaching darkness, started for
his house. Reaching their he fouud that his
wife had gone to a neighbour’s. He took two
children and gave three others in charge of his
eldest daughter. Before travellng many rods
they found themselves cut off by the flames.
He turned in another direction and escaped with
two children; the three children and the
daughter were found the next day all of a heap
and charred beyond recognition.

William Humphrey, a mail carrier between
Argyle and Elmer, started on his route on Mon-
day. Midway he was stopped by the flames,
and unhitched his horse from the waggon.
Mounting his horse with the mail bags he turned
hastily back. The horse found its way back to
Argyle without mail-bag or rider. A tag was
tied to his main and he was urged back over his
usual route. He reached Elmer, but Hum-
phrie’s body was found buried in the woods in
one place and the half consumed mail-bag in
another. The wagon was found reduced to
cinders.

At Port Huron the following appeal has been
published by the authorities :—

‘Our country has been devastated by fire.
The suffering is beyond description—people in a
starving condition. Will the people of Canada
lend aid ? We need seed wheat, provisions and
clothing. Orders have been received from the
Secretary of the Treasurer that all goods for
this purpose will pass free of duty.”

THE PARRY SOUND FIRES.

The district of Parry Sound has passed through
an experience during the past three Weeks which
will never be forgotten by the inhabitants, who
have been kept in constant dread of the flames
which day and night have covered the sky with
volumes of smoke so dense that the sun has
never appeared but as a great red ball, shorn
of its brightness though not of its heat. No
rain has fallen of any account since June, and
under the intense heat even the streams of this
well-watered district have failed. From Mr. J.
C. Miller, M.P.P. for Muskoka, who is the
head and chief proprietor of the Parry Sound
Lumbering Company, a Globe reporter has ob-
tained as reliable information as is at present
available on the extent of the fires and the de-
struction caused by them.

What the destruction is, he says, will not be
known until the smoke clears away, for the
fires are still burning in every direction, and a
strong wind, which may at any time spring up,
may increase tenfold the devastation wrought
thus far. The fires burn in every direction, and
there is scarcely a square mile out of more than
two thousand in this area but is sending up its
contribution to the great pall of smoke which
lays over the land. Beyond the multitude of
minor fires which at any time may develop into
great conflagrations, there have been five or six
great fires which have come prominently under
his notice, The first of these was started by a
settler in the township of Fuller, in the month
of June, on the north-western road, a few miles
from Parry Sound. During the drought of
July this fire burned in aneasterly direction over
a belt from half a mile to a mile in width across
the northern part of the township of Macdou-
gall, and after devastatating the lands of the
Parry Sound Lumbering Company, passed into
the township of Ferguson, sweeping away a
large area of forest in the limits of the Ontario
Bank. An east wind then. drove it back into
the township of Cutting,where it is now raging.
In all this fire has burned over 15,000 acres of
very fine timber country.

Another fire on the Shawanaha {River has

LUMBERMAN.

swept over the larger portion of the township of
that name.

A. fire broke out lately on the Nashcoutcong
River near Bying Inlet, and burning along both
sides of the stream, ran south through the town-
ships of Wallbridge and Harrison, enveloping
both these townships in flames.

TWO HUNDRED MILES OF FIRE.

Along the Georgian Bay the Maganetawan
Lumber Company have lost heavily by a fire
which commenced three weeks ago and burned
along a length of thirty miles of coast by a dis-
tant island not yet known but probably from
six to ten miles, or over two hundred square
miles of territory. It is still burning.

THE TOWNSHIP OF MILLS.

A very destructive fire originated apparently
in a criminally careless nfanner has swept the
township of Mills. It was started for the pur-
pose of facilitating the repair of a Government
colonization road. It is stated that Mr. Kelsey,
who superintends the repairs on the north road,
refused to start the fire, as he did not know, the
weather being so dry, what destruction it might
cause. Mr. D. M. Card, Road Inspector,
it is reported came along and, notwithstanding
Mr. Kelsey’s remonstrances, gave prematory
orders that the fire should be started, saying
that they ‘‘ must build the road and let the fire
take its chances.” It took its chances, and be-
sides burning out the crops and buildings of a
Mr. MeVitte destroyed twenty-five square miles
of splendid timber yet unsold by the Govern-
ment. Mr. McVitte, it is said, has issued pro-
ceedings against the Provincial authorties for
the destruction of his property.

In the vicinity of Parry Sound a fire was set
on an island either by a camping party or by the
Indians. The fire leaped across the islets to the
mainland near the Boyne River, and worked its
way upto within two hundred yards of the
Ontario Bank Mills, which were saved with
much difficulty on Monday; the wind carried
it south east across the Parry Sound Road in an
old barn. The east wind on Wednesday and
Thursday drove it back towards the Village of
Parry Sound endangering the village, and the
large establishment of Wm. Beathy and the
Parry Sound Lumbering Company. A tele-
gram yesterday morning said the danger was
over. The loss by these fires is already about
$20,000, and the Ontario Bank Mill loss nearly
as much.

It is reported that over 3,000,000 feet of saw
logs owned by Cook Bros., and others have
been burned in the dried up bed of East River,
in the township of Chaffey, but the exact truth
regarding this is not yet known.

By these great fires between three and four
hundred square miles have certainly been burn-
ed, but there are fires yet unreported which may
add greatly to the area. They still burn and at
any hour may sweep much of the territory that
remains. The gum forests on good land are
rarely destroyed, the fires confining themselves
mainly to rocky districts, green timber, and old
areas burned in previous years. The loss of
life thus far has been nothing so far as learned,
and while elsewhere hundreds of farmers are
burned out, the writer has heard of only one,
McVeth, in the township of Mills, who has lost
everything, including a saw mill. Fences have
everywhere suffered on the farms, and it has
been only by long continued fighting night and
day with all the available forces that could be
gathered together that the flames have been
prevented from sweeping the country. In tim-
ber the loss has been enormous, and thus far
can scarcely fall short of one million dollars.

The pine which is burned over, unless strip-
ped of its bark before spring, will be attacked
by the pine bores—Pissodes Strobi—a grub
about two inches long and a quarter of a inch
thick. This borer is furnished with a auger-like
probosces, with which it bores right through a
tree. The noise of the boring is quite audible.
The borer only attacks burned, fallen, or decay-
ing trees, the beetle never depositing its eggs
under the bark of a dry tree. Scarcely one out.
of all the trees now damaged by fire will escape
destruction or serious injury from this borer.

In regard to fires Mr. Miller thinks that legis-
lative action is necessary. The present law is
a failure, and steps should be taken to secure a
better one compelling any farmer who wishes to
clear a fallow tojobtain first]the} permission of

the stipendiary Magistrate of the d
would if ho erniadilered it cafe to Come eal

ler’s request notify by letter all ae itn
limit holders of the neighbourhood of the fa
A precaution could likewise be taken by noti
cation in some way of neighbouring settlen
If nothing is done, the loss from fires in fut

will be enormous.

Mr. Miller could give no information of a de
finite character regarding the great — 2
ainckaka, not being at all familiar with t

THE MUSKOKA FIRES.

Mr. C. Duke, of Yorkville, has within th
last few days received two letters from his
Charles,who is farming in the Muskoka distr
in which are given accounts of the ravages ec
mitted out there by the bush fires. The y:
man writes from Utterson. In his first 1
dated September 1st, he informes his father ths
their experiences of the previous day wer
“‘awful.” The had at last to fly for their lives
The writer proceeds:—‘‘ The two houses z
saved and all the live stock, but the barns
fences are all completely gone. We came
Titterson last night, and I am just going up t&
the farm. I dread togo. I know it will lool
awful. West’s buildings are all gone ; Turner’
buildings, excepting the house, are all down
Fearon is completely cleared out—not an articl
left ; Captain Openshaw is similarly visited
also Thours. The English minister’s house a
Port Sidney, and W. Clark’s houses are gone
but Mr. Crown’s is saved. I don’t know howi
will end. Poor old Turner died on the roadsidi
after he was carried out. We have have saved
the fanning-mill, plough and cultivator.”

The next letter is dated Tuesday night
Young Duke says:—‘“‘I cannot give you vel
good news yet. Rain threatened, but did ne
come; and yesterday and to-day the flame
have been finishing Turner’s fences, and th
sawlogs are all blazing as I write. The wind is
blowing hard. I saw Fearson yesterday; h
looks bad ; all his sheep were burned to death
everything was swept in the clearance that b
lived in, but he saved his other barn and a hay
stack. Harvey had no fire near him.” In
P. S. the writer adds by way of a crumb of com
fort, “ You need not be anxious, as I think
are all right now.”

CANADIAN SHIPPING.

Ottawa, Sept. 10.—The Department o
Marine and Fisheries has just issued a list o
vessels on the registry books of the Dominion of
Canada on December 3l1st, 1881. From it it ap
pears that the number of vessels remaining or
the registry books of the Dominion on that dat
including old and new vessels, sailing vessel
steamers and barges, was 7,377, measuri
1,311,218 tons register, as compared with 1870.
The number of steamers on the registry book ¢
the same date was 918, with a gross tonnage
190,159 tons, and a net tonnage of 120,141 tor
Assuming the average value to be $30 a ton, th
value of the registered tonnage of Canada on th
31st December last would be $39,336,540, or £7,
867,308.

The Sorrows of Genius.

Homer was a beggar.

Cervantes died in hunger.

Terrence, the dramatist, was a slave.

Dryden lived in poverty and distress.

Sir Walter Raleigh died on the scaffold.

Butler lived a life of penury and died poor.

Bacon lived a life of meanness and distress.

Plutus, the Roman comic poet, turned a mil

Paul Borghese had fourteen trades and
starved with all.

Tasso, the Italian poet, was often ¢
for five shillings.

Steele, the humorist, liveda life of pi
fare with bailiffs.

Otway, the English dramatist, died p
ely and through hunger.

Bentivoglio was refused admittance into ah
pital he had himself erected.

The death of Collins was through ae
causing mental derangement.

Savage died in prison at Bristol, whttell
confined for a debt of forty dollars.

Goldsmith’s Vicar of Wakefield was sold ft
trifle to save him from the grip of the law.

Chatterson, the child of genius and mis
tune. destroyed himself ai eighteen,

_ -

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN,

9
vw

- A VETERAN’S TALK ABOUT LUMBER.

A representative of this paper visited a veteran

n the lumber trade Thursday for the purpose of
applying the reportorial plaster and drawing
from its burrow some information which might
interest, amuse or instruct its readers, according
as it might harmonize with their views or appear
tothemabsurd. ‘‘ Put yourself in his place” is
what no one can do, and hence the views we get
of things differ.

So, young man,” said the veteran, ‘“‘you
are in search of information about the lumber
trade, in order to enlighten the public. Well,
wisdom won’t die with me, and you need not
set me down on the start as the best informed
man in the business. If you are looking for the
Solomon of the trade, you might as well strike
almost any other person. Icansend youtosuch

@man, or I can give you my opinion and what

I know of lumbering. What points are you
dazed on?”

“What effect will the high prices of supplies
have on lumbering operations the coming win-
ter?”

“Very little, in the way of limiting opera-
tions.
wood deal, of course.

“much higher.
and labor be higher.

I wanted to help bull the market, I’d say, oh,
“yes; it'll be too costly bnsiness lumbering this
winter, and a good many firms will go light.

But I don’t talk that way, beeause there is no

sense in it. Men who haven’t the capital may
have to curtail their operations on account of the
‘extra expense, but those-who have the stock to
cut, the capital to candle it, and confidence in
the market, will go in just the same as though
pork was but $10 a barrel.”

“Then you think there'll be a large stock cut
the coming winter ”

* Well, Idon’t think there will be an excessive
ccop. Some men will go in as though they
thought there was never going to be another
chance for them to make a harvest of pine, but
there are not many such in the tradenow. The
firms lumbering in this Saginaw country are
pretty much all composed of level-headed, well-
balanced men, who can see a good way beyond
the ends of their noses. They are in a position
where they don’t have to market their lumber,
‘unless they choose. Of course, they'll cut
enough to satisfy the demand, for the risk from
fires is greater than ever, and much timber has
to be cut to save it. But there is a powerful
reason for conservatism in the cutting of timber
in the Saginaw district.”

“Do you mean that the stock is becoming
small 7”

“Ves, you have hit it. Some of the largest
mills on the river haven’t standing pine enough
within reach to last them six years, at the rate
they are cutting, and it is my opinion there are
not a dozen firms on the river that can count on
ten years’ cutting, within profitable reach.”

“Ts there not timber. they can get? Some
land yet unexplored ?”

“Not in the lower peninsula. There is hardly
@ pine tree standing south of the straits that has
not been estimated. A good deal of land has
been cut over the second time, and the virgin
forest has been penetrated in every direction
The railroad has done the business,”

“Then pine land is eagerly sought ?”

“You can say so. No hungry grayling ever
took a fly more eagerly than men snap at pine
lands. A few years ago you couldn't give them
aWay; now men are crasy to buy. And no
Wonder, when you consider the facts I’ve given
You above. The prices which men are paying
for Handing pine, in my estimation, settles the
fate of the market for some time to come.
Prices cannot fall materially without ruining
very man in the trade who has bought pine

- There have been many sales where the
age com three and a half to five dollars a
and,and when you come to put cost of
Z, driving, booming, rafting and sawing
of the stumpage, the margin at present
for lumber isn’t much, any one can see.”
bat ie about the average result on a lot of
fe Saginaw logs 7”

The expense will be increased quite a
Pork will cost about $20
where it cost $16 last season ; corn about 70
cents in place of 46, but hay and oats are not
Stock will, perhaps, cost more
But the additional expense
wont have much more effect on the amount of
stock put in than the weather in winter has. If

“ About fourteen dollars a thousand. You
see, the virginity of the forests has been violated,
and the best timber has been culled.”

‘But I see sales at $17 and $19 straight.”

“Ves, but those are from selected logs and
not the common run. In days gone by, when
we took the first pick, logs would average 25 per
cent, uppers, and often run as high as 40 per
cent., but they won’t average per cent. now, nor
up to best common. Fourteen dollars is about
the average result from an average lot of logs on
this river now, sir.”

“‘Tf as you say the pine is getting short in
supply, wouldn’t it be good policy to go slower
in cutting.”

“Well, it might, and then again it might not.
It would be, if it wasn’t for the pesky fires that
rage in the woods every season. Why, whether
you believe it or not, it is true, that as much if
not more timber has been distroyed in eastern
Michigan by fire in the last ten years than has
fallen by the axe. It’s enough to make a lumber-
man who loves good timber shed tears to see the
long stretches of dead pine which can be seen in
a belt from five to nine miles wide extending
from Sant Point to Thunder Bay river, while
the marks of the devastating fires may be seen
in every other locality where there are bodies of
pine. Some of the owners of pine would gladly
husband their resources, cut less lumber now
and let price go up where they ought to be, but
the chances are even that fire would destroy
more than enough to make the difference in their
returns, so that they would really make nothing
by the operation. Some of the owners of pine
lands are taking the risk and holding off, and as
the end of the pine comes nearer there will be
more conservatism in cutting and prices have
got togoup. The prairies of the west are set-
tling up so rapidly that Wisconsin and Minne-
sota are not going to have much lumber to spare
for eastern consumption, and when the Michi-
gan supy ly is exhausted, or nearly so, there will
be a dearth of pine for the eastern market,
unless some new region shall be discovered, and
that dosen’t seem possible. The lumber prob-
lem in this country is going to be a difficulty one
to solve and you can’t expect me to settle it.”—
Lumberman’s Gazette.

Waste of Gas.

The cost of gas is a great expense in many a
house, A bright light is a luxury, and is appre-
ciated by every one, but it cannot be enjoyed
without being paid for. Waste of gas makes
the gas bills mount up, and the careful house-
keeper may effect a considerable saving by pre-
venting this. The gas meter should be turned
off during the day, so that if there are any places
where the pipes are defective, escape of gas may
be prevented. The condition.ef the burners has
almost as much to do with the amount of a gas
bill as the cost of gas per thousand feet. Old
wornout burners are the best friends which the
gas companies have. A simell of gas should
never be disregarded. It is a sign that there is
an escape somewhere, and steps should be im-
mediately taken to discover where it is, and put
a stop toit. Last, but not least, gas when not
in use should be turned out or left verylow. A
careless person who leaves the gas “‘ full on,” in
an unused room, is throwing money away as
much as if he cast it into the street.

Chinese Ingenuity.

A recent number of a paper published in
China records a fresh illustration of the acute-
ness of the natives in the matter of exports from
Hong Kong. Large quantities of matches are
bought in this city for re-exporting to other
ports, but on coming into the trader’s hands they
undergo strange transformation. Empty boxes
are counterfeited and filled in the following
manner :—After emptying the matches as origin-
ally packed (each box containing on an average
sixty) they commence the refilling by laying two
matches across each other, at the bottom of the
box, in the form of an X, and fill up the box.
The boxes, as now filled, do not contain more
than two-thirds the original number of matches,
and every gross thus sold realizes 50 per cent.
profit.

Ix Never Faus.—Dr. Fowler’s Extract of Wild
Strawberry is an unfailing remedy for all kinds of
bowel complaint,

WANTED.

CLERKSHIP IN SHANTY for Winter. Practical
knowledge of timber object more than salary. 4 years
experience in offices, 2in timber. Age nineteen. First
class references. Address “CLERK,” care of Canada
LIumberman, Peterborough, Ontario. L22

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,
paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000 ; and above
percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. iy:i6

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. ly1lA

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS,

4a Every accommodation for Commercial and
LUMBERMEN.
L14 W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

Fraser's Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free *bus to and from trains and
steamboats. b26

TRUSSES.

aS)
SA\ CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
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ANG <es85597/ buckles, all on solid brass casting

NSW Book onruptureand human frame free.
SS Send address in full post card. Best

true information about rupture and
CHAS, CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
12113

deformities.
1183 King Street west, Toronto.

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY

(ESTABLISHED 1856.)

ee eee),

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOPCEDICAL
INSTRUMENTS, ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. 119-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.

BALSAM: |

Has no equal for the permanent cure of
Coughs, Colds, Sore Throat, Asthma, Croup,
Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and
. all Lung Diseases. (

_ && Every bottle guaranteed to give satisfaction.

T. MILBURN & CO., Proprietors Toronto.
BREAKFAST.

“By a thorough knowledge of the natural laws
which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition,
and by a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
fast tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the
judicious use of such articles of diet thata constitution
may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
every tendency to disease, Hundreds of subtle mala-
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there is a weak point. Wemay escape many a fatal
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service
Gazette.

Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold in
packets and tins only (4-lb. and lb.) labelled

JAMES EPPS &.CO., Homeopathic Chemists,
London, England. L19-ly

GRATEFUL—-COMFORTING.

Ficeueaboud Tales

With Steel Head, cither Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, ul

J. K. POST & CO.
LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.
OSWwWHEHGO, N.Y.

Li2-ly

JAMES HADDEN,

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler. bs

J.G. EDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT,

dock JIN DS Age

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
ly CHAINS, ROPE, and L17

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.
WISDOM & FISH

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

Rubber = Leather Belting

RUBBER HOSE, STEAM PACKING,
LUBRICATING OILS, COTTON WASTE

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings, § =

And all Articles used in the Application of Steam
to Machinery.

No. 41 Dock Street, St. John, N. B.
(SMALL’S BLOCK.)

N.B.—Estimates for Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus furnished on application. All work War-
ranted. ly-120

WANTED.

Cherry, White Ash, Black Ash, and
Dry White Pine Lumber.

Quote Price delivered, and Carefull

Describe :—Quality, Widths, Length,

Thickness, and how long Sawed.
ROBERT C. LOWRY,

Wholesale Lumber,
55 Pine Street, New York.

12119

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ITEMS OF INTEREST.

Some arithmeticians have calculated that
steam is now doing on the globe, every day, the
work of 800,000 men ; that is, all the machines
and engines worked by steam have 80,000,000
horse-power. Of this the locomotive force
represents 30,000,000 horse-power, asit is thought
that there are 105,000 locomotives on both hemis-
pheres, which run 220,000 miles.

Tur lead used in sounding from a vessel

usually weighs about 14 pounds, but in deep sea
sounding a weight of not less than 150 pounds is

frequently employed. Wire has been largely
used for a line, as it makes less friction in sink-
ing through the water. With hemp rope a
sinker of 300 weight is sometimes twenty min-
utes in reaching the bottom in 1,500 fathoms of
water, so great is the friction of the line.

A FrencuMman has devised a method of con-
verting iron into steel, and at the same time
producing illuminating gas. The iron is placed
in a retort with charcoal or coke in layers, and
is heated to 1650 degrees Farenheit. Fatty mat-
ters are then injected, and as soon as decompo-
sition has taken place, a jet of dry steam is
passed over the incandescent mass. The iron is
thus changed into steel, while carburetted hydro-
gen is given off from the retort.

Mr. Maxim, inventor of one of the electric
lights, ridicules the idea that there is danger to
either life or property from the use of that light,
and says that he is ready at any time to take
the shock from any number of the largest ma-
chines, While lightning will jump through two
miles of air and forty feet of solid rock, he asserts
that no dynamo machine used for the electric
light in this country will make a current of suf-
ficient strength to jump through the one-hun-
dredth part of an inch of either air or stone.

One of the great trials which the builder has
to endure is the “‘saltpetering” of the brick-
work, or the white streaks which too often dis-
figure the fronts of brick buildings. It is worth
noting that this can usually be prevented by
adding oil to the mortar at the rate of a gallon
to the cask of lime. Linseed oil is generally
used, but any kind will do which does not con-
tain salt. If cement is used in the mortar, an
extra gallon of oil must be used for each cask of
lime. When the incrustations have once formed
on a building, they cannot be permanently re-
moved, though they can be for a time by wash-
ing with hot water or the muriatic acid generally
used for washing down brickwork.

A writer in Les Mondes ascribes the excep-
tional healthiness of butchers to their inhaling
the nutritive principles of meat, and a French
physician of eminence deduces from this the de-
sirability of vapor baths charged with vitalizing
principles. Cooks, at this rate, ought to be
amazingly full of vitality. The good health of
butchers is probably due to the living entirely
in the open air, the same cause which gives so
many more years of life, on the average, to the
grocer’s clerk than to his dry goods brother,
Thirty years ago butchers in London never wore
hats at work, but drove all over the town bare-
headed, as many young butchers do now. The
inhaling idea is, like all others, old. A century
ago consumptive patients were sent to live over
cow houses.

OnE of the most gigantic schemes of its kind
is that which proposes to direct the current of
the St. Lawrence river, opposite Montreal, into
the channel between St. Helen’s Island and the
southern shore—this to be accomplished by run-
ning a dam of, large proportions from Point St.
Charles, in the western part of the city, to St.
Helen’s Island. This dam would be 2,700 feet
long.and 900 feet road, and would give a head
of twenty feet for mill elevators and factories.
As contemplated, this project would cost some
$7,000,000, and would realize the following ad-
vantages : The dam could be utilized either asa
railway or carriage road, or both, thus obviating
the necessity of a tunnel ; andthe harbor would
be made a still water one, where vessels might
winter.

CERTAIN insects are known which give some-
thing like an electric shock to anything touching
them. The Reduvius genatus, or ‘‘ wheel-bug ”
of the West Indies, is one so described. by Kirby
and Spence. Two other examples have been
lately recorded in the ‘‘ Proceedings” of the
Entomologieal Society of London, by Mr, Yar-
rell. <A letter from Lady de Grey, of Groby,

THE CANADA

referred to a shock caused by a beetle, one of
the Elaterida, or snapping beetle, and extended
from the hand to the elbow. The other case
is that of a large, hairy caterpillar in South
America. Captain Blakeney on touching it had
an electric shock so strong that he lost the use
of his arm for a long time, and his life was even
considered in danger. The last story is almost
incredible, as a caterpillar, no matter how large,
can hardly be supposed to supply as much elec-
tric energy as a gymnotus.

Tuecolossal crane or derrick—the most power-
ful in the world—which has been in process of
construction for several years at the royal arse-
nal, Woolwich, Eng., is now an accomplished
fact. The size of this apparatus may be judged
from the curious details published, as for in-
stance, that more than eighteen hundred tons of
iron have been used in its manufacture, while
the brass bearings alone amount to more than
three tons. The design has been that this mon-
ster crane should be capable of lifting three or
four 100-ton guns at once; the purpose, how-
ever, for which it has been mainly provided, is
not to do work which other appliances could
accomplish in detail, but, rather, to meet the
probable necessity for dealing with pieces of
ordnance so enormous as to defy all the means
at present available for mounting them in their
carriage. The motive power is steam, and,
although calculated to raise twelve hundred tons
in case of need, the apparatus is also fixed for
raising small weights at accelerated speed, and
thus adapted, in many instances, to facilitate
the ordinary operations.

Tux process of making screws is very interest-
ing. The rough, large wire in big coils is, by
drawing through a hole smaller than itself, made
the size needed. Then it is put into sawdust
and ‘‘rattled,” and thus brightened. Then the
head is shaped down smoothly to the proper
size, and the nick put in at the same time.
After “rattling” again in sawdust, the thread
is cut by another machine, and after another
‘rattling ” and thorough drying, the screws are
assorted by hand (the fingers of those who do
this move almost literally like lightning), grossed
by weight and packed for shipping. That
which renders it possible for machines to do all
this is a little thing that looks like and opens
and shuts like a goose’s bill, which picks up a
single screw at a time, carries it where needed,
holds it till grasped by something else, and re-
turns for another. This is about the most won-
derful piece of automatic skill and usefulness to
be seen, and it has done. distinctive work at the
rate of thirty-one screws a minute, although this
rate is only experimental as yet ; ninety-three
gross per day, however, has been the regular
work of the machine.

Dr. James Epuunps, of London, points out
in the English Mechanic some of the advantages
of double glazing in promoting the health of
homes in winter. Skylights, he says, ought
never to be put. up unless double or double-glaz-
ed, - Double-glazing answers perfectly if the
sashes are grooved gut forglass on each side, and
ave, then. glazed. with:anair: space of one-half
inch or more between, the panes of glass. The
glass must be put in with its inner faces per-
fectly bright and clean, and the glazing should
be done on a cold, dry day,*$9 a8 not to include
watery vapor, which -in- cold: weather will con-
dense inside the air-space. and cause mistiness.
The double-glazing with an -air-space makes a
window almost as warm as a brick wall, and not
only keeps up the temperature of a room in

winter, and saves firing, but it keeps the room

cool in hot weather, and it makes the tempera-
ture more uniform throughout the apartment.
With ordinary thin glazing in winter the in-
mates are always being chilled on that side
which looks toward the window, and baked on
the side which is toward the fire, and no sooner
do ladies leave the dining-room than the gentle-
men instinctively make up to the fire-place and
proceed to bake the cold side of their persons.
Double-glazing our window sashes would save
all this trouble.

a SS

Dyspeprsta.—Strenthen your digestion—tone the
stomach for utilizing and assimilating every atom of
food you take; the body needs it for strength and
vigor. Zopesa cleanses the entire system, stimulates
the Liver, keeps you regular, and able to eat ten-penny
nails. Letters and postal cards come in daily, telling
of cures and help frem Zopesa, from Brazil, Positive

proof of the health and vigor ‘tt gives in a ten cent

sample, Ask your druggist,

LUMBERMAN.

HOW TO FIGURE SPEED.—_THE REASON

WHY.
In selling machinery, the maker usually

recommends that it be run at a certain rate of
speed, which has been demonstrated by experi-
ence to be most favorable to its successful oper-
ation.
to be used in communicating this motion from
the ‘‘line shaft ” is a calculation which seems to
| be very imperfectly understood by the average
| mechanic.
large number of engineers, millwrights, and
others, has Ied me to think there was a demand
for more light, and accordingly I offer the fol-
lowing system, the convenience and accuracy of
which I have proven by years of practical use.
This simple example will lustrate :—

To fix upon the relative size of pulleys

Conversation on the subject with a

Given, a 20-inch pulley revolving 100 revolu-
tions per minute, a belt from which will drive a
10-inch pulley how fast ?

The ‘‘ rule” laid down on the ‘‘ books ” says,
‘‘Multiply the diameter of the driving pulley

by its revolutions per minute, and divide by the
diameter of the driven pulley.”

T find no fault
with this rule, but would suggest that the teacher
and text book of the future will be successful in
proportion as they abound in “reasons why,”
and give the student principles from which to
form his own rifles. As every rule must be
based upon a principle, when one is familiar
with the latter the former becomes self-evident
and not easily forgotten.

The speed of a driven pulley will bear exactly
the same relation to the speed of its driver as
its diameter does to the diameter of the driver.

In the above instance, the driven pulley being
smaller, let its size represent the denominator
of a fraction, of which the diameter of the
driving pulley shall stand as a numerator, thus :

20

— of 100 = 200

10
Or, suppose the diameter of driver was 25 inches
its speed 180, and a speed of 600 was required,
what must be the diameter of driven pulley ?

Reasoning : Since the speed must be greater,
its diameter must, of course, be less than that
of the driver. How much? As much less as
its speed is greater, thus its size will be

180 75
— of 25 = — or 74 inches.
600 10

This not only leaves less room for a misstate-
ment of the problem, but in most cases the
multiplications and divisions may be made men-
tally, thus saving time and avoiding liability to
error.

These advantages are of still greater impor-
tance where intermediate pulleys or “ counter”
shafts are used to multiply motion. For in-
stance, it is required to “set up” a planing
machine, the cylinder of which must run 3,500 ;
it has a pulley 4 inches; the counter shaft has
pulleys 6 and 24 inches, respectively ; the line
shaft runs 160; what size driving pulley will be

equired ?

Reasoning: The 4-inch pulley being driven
from one 24 inches, the larger pulley will revolve
as much slower as 24 is greater than 4, and the
drive pulley on line shaft must be as much
larger. than the driven or counter shaft, as its
speed is slower than that of the counter shaft
which it drives. The entire operation may be
analyzed as follows:

Tor the sake of clearness, I will suppose that
the motion was communicated direct from the
line shaft to the 4-inch pulley, in which case the

rive pulley must be
3500
— of 4, or 87} inches.
160

The use of a counter shaft will decrease the
size of driver exactly in proportion to the rela-
tive size of its pulleys. In the above instances
the pulleys on counter shaft are 6 inches and 24
inches, consequently the driving pulley will only
require to be 6-24 as large as when-no counter
shaft was used, and this being understood the
whole problem may be disposed of as follows :

3500 «6 175
— x — x 4= — or 2lf inches.
160 = 24 8

This method is even more useful where pulleys
are not exact as to measurement and also in
computing trains of gearing, ete., of which I shall
have something to say at another time.

_Sreruine ELLiori,

THE DESTRUCTION OF WOOD IN CANADA.

A correspondent of the Scotsman, taking note
in Ontario and the outlying districts, writes +
““The Canadians have been so accustomed to a
plethora of wood that they contemplate the —
waste of it with remarkable indifference. 3
the west of Lachute,” he says, ‘“ additional
fields were in course of being conquered, not
from the primeval forest, but from a good L
growth of larch and maple.” The simple pro-—
cess appears to be to cut down the trees, burn
the trunks and branches, and leave the stum ,
in the ground. At one time the export trad
was very extensive here, but within the las
twenty years there has sprung up in these hu
ber districts a class of men who assume ind
pendence of any extraneous help. In referri
to a district traversed by rail, the writer says
“‘As far as the eye could reach, the timbe
clothing of the country consisted of a second «
third growth of aspen, birch and various kind
of fir. High over the rich expanse of foliag
there rose gaunt skeletons of older trees, melar
choly records of those bush fires which have
robbed and are to-day robbing Canada of
much of her natural wealth.” Originating
the thoughtlessness or carelessness of settlers,
these conflagrations have been known to devas-
tate thirty or forty square miles at a swooy
“In one day’s journey,” he says, “I saw si
fires burning, which only seemed to a want fan
ning breeze to produce the same serions resul

Further on, in speaking of the snake fence
he writes :—“‘ Their stability is secured withor
fastenings by the use of three or four times
much material as might have served the pur
pose, and on every patch of waste ground ma
be seen a litter of logs and branches in all stag
of decay.” Even at more than one of the sa
mills he noticed the refuse timber shot into
adjoining rivers to be carried away at pleasure,
and probably form with the admixture of mnd,
after sinking, a serious obstacle to navig
In a concluding paragraph the writer
“that from the whole of the north-east
of Ontario there has for the past four years been
a steady flow-of emigration towards the north-
west—as an instance, during last spring the
Grand Trunk Railway moved some 4,000 per-

sons.” ’

A $25,000 Raft. q

H. Pigeon & Sons, of Boston, mast and spar
builders, started from below Starbuck’s Island
to-day for Boston via New York the largest raft
ever shipped from this city to the Hub.
timber was cut in Ontario, Canada, north-e
from Toronto. On the lake it was made into
raft and towed to Oswego, where it was
rated into two rafts of six “cribs” or section
each, and one of seven cribs. John Wells, of
Oswego, towed the rafts from that city to Troy.
The propeller Lafayette left with them for New
York. The united rafts were 900 feet long and
34 feet wide. At New York they will be in-
creased by 113 pieces from Clearfield county,
Pennsylvania. The raft thus formed will be
1,300 feet long and 64 feet wide. On the ocean
the pieces will be united by six tons of cable
chains, each piece being bound separately by
the chains. The large tug boat Charles Pearson
of Boston will tow the raft along the coast to
Boston. The cost of towage from Canada to the
destination will approximate $3,500. It
already amounted to $2,000. The raft will be
worth $25,000 when it reaches the Hub. ge
timber such as make up this gigantic raft were
formerly shipped from this city to Boston b
rail. The experiment of sending by the rive
and coast was tried last year by H. Pigeon
Sons, rafts containing 80 and 180 pieces beil
Selected for the trial. The results were perfe
satisfactory, the great economy being in &
matter of expense. The pieces in the raft whi
left to-day were from 75 to 95 feet long,
from 18 to 30 inches in diameter. They
made into masts and spars of all sizes and ¢
scriptions, and will speed the voyages ¢
kinds of vessels from fishing schooners te
largest men-of-war.—TZroy Times.

sepa-
_

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blood from all the impurities, expelling Scroffala
all humors, tones up the debilitated system, regu
ing the liver, bowels and kidneys, brings health
to the afflicted. :

IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY.
BY S. B. RICHARDS, IN THE “‘ LUMBER WORLD.”

When I was about sixteen years of age, my
father got an idea into his head that I had the
making of a first-rate millwright in me, and so
took me in hand to develop my capabilities.
How well he succeeded I shall not attempt to
say, nor do I believe the reader would be inter-
ested in knowing. I have, so long as I can
remember, had a liking, natural or acquired, I
can’t say which, for machinery and mechanical
combinations, and, looking back to my boyhood,
ean recall many crude attempts to devise means
to lighten, what I then believed were the ardu-
ous labors imposed upon me. My inventive
faculties were not, however, equal to the task of
decreasing the amount of physical exertion
necessary to the accomplishment of my allotted
tasks, although I experienced little difficulty in
performing them in a manner essentially differ-
ent from that usually accepted as the most sen-
sible.

As I grew to manhood, I gaye no little time
and thought to devising new methods of per-
forming mechanical operations, and shall never
forget the time when my first application for a
patent was allowed; nor my feelings, when I
received, at our little country post office, the
huge envelope, with the portentous words print-
ed thereupon, ‘“‘ United States Patent Office ;
Official Business.” That envelope stamped me
as a man of note; the government had, after
patient labor, and diligent research, conceded
the fact that I had discovered and utilized some-
thing new ; that thissomething new was worthy
ef governmental recognition, and that so valu-
able was it, I should have sole property right to,
and in it, for the term of fourteen years, with a
privilege of extension of this property right for
seven years longer if I desired. Our little town
had never been the home of an inventor, and I
at once became an object of interest to every
dweller therein. No one seemed to give the
subject of how I should realize a fortune out of
my invention, a thought, nor did I at first. I
was an inventor ; I hada patent, and what more
could a man want? I was congratulated on
every hand, and more than one expressed the
hope that I would not think of removing from
the village. I endeavored to wear my honors
meekly, but it is not in human nature to resist
being condescending to those who have looked
upon you as being something inferior to them,
when, by reason of the exertion of your own
powers, you are enabled to overstep them in
popularity, and I am afraid I more than once
entertained the suspicion that I was superior;to
the majority of my companions.

After some months it occurred to me that it
would be a good idea to sell my patent. I con-
fess it appeared singular that capitalists and
manufacturers in the large cities had not, been
around to see me in reference to buying me out,
but attributing this to ignorance, upon their
part, of the fact that such a patent had been
granted, I started out to enlighten them. How
well I remember the old mother, as with one
hand in mine, and the other holding one corner
of her apron, she bade me good-bye, with many
injunctions as to care of my money and person,
and cautious to ‘‘ beware of them patent fel-
lows.” Dear old lady, she had full faith in her
boy’s smartness, if the “old man” was at times
somewhat skeptical. I had never been very far
or very long away from home before this, and
the importance of the trip rendered it necessary
that all the village should be aware of the date
of my intended departure, so that I lacked not
for hand-shakings and good wishes when I
started out. That period of my life is particu-
larly pleasant for me to remember. I had a
patent ; lL was going to sell it; I should come
home rich. Railroads in those days were not
#0 numerous as now, and I had to go by stage
gome sixty miles to reach my destination, where
L arrived late and tired in the evening. The
next morning, after a long talk with the hotel-
keeper, in which I told him I was an inventor
and had a patent to sell, information which did
not seer to ixapress him a4 I thought it should,

wt ont to find a firm that was engaged in the
manufacture of such machinery as I had invent-
ed, and a brief sketch of my interview may

pomibly prove interesting.
Entering the office 1 was met by an old gen

q

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

ee eo

tleman, with a red flannel shirt on, sleeves rolled
above his elbows, hands covered with iron filings
and oil, who inquired what I wanted. I said:

“You manufacture and sell wood-working
machinery ?”

“Oh, yes,” he replied, “‘ can we do anything
for you? Our stock is quite complete, and our
terms quite as liberal as other makers.”

“T am not desiring to purchase, not being
engaged in the wood-working line, at least to an
extent that would justify me in the employment
of machinery,” I said, ‘‘ but I have given a good
deal of study to mechanical devices, and have a
patent——”

‘‘T am quite busy,” interrupted he, ‘‘ and am
not very much interested in such matters any-
how, so you will excuse me if I say that we have
all the inventive ability in our establishment
that we at present can employ.”

“But,” I replied, ‘‘I am not looking for em-

T have a very good trade that keeps
”

ployment.
me busy——
‘* Better stick to it,” he broke in.
“Well,” said I, ‘‘as you do not appear to care

about looking into the matter, I will not take:

up your time. There is another establishment
here engaged in the same line, and if you will
tell me where they are located, I will not trouble
you further.”

“* Well,” said he, ‘‘ you hoe a patent. What
is it for ?”

“« A saw table,” I replied.

“Have you a model with you?”

““Ves, and my patent.”

“Well, I'll look at it, although such things
don’t interest me, and I have but little time to
spare. Come in and sit down.”

We went into an inner room, and I took out
my model, which, by the way, had cost ine
many days of patient labor, and was very elab-
orately gotten up, and he examined it. ‘‘Let’s
see your patent,” said he.

T handed it to him, and after a few minutes
examination, he returned it with the remark,
“T don’t see as it would be to our advantage to
take hold of it.”

‘Ts there any objection to the use of the de-
vice?” I asked.

‘* None at all,” said he, ‘“‘
one to use it.”

‘‘ Well, if there is no objection to the use of
it, why wouldn’t it be to your advantage to
secure the right to build it ?”

“How much do you consider the patent
worth ?” he asked.

“Tt ought to be worth about ten thousand
dollars,” I replied.

“‘The question,” said he “is “ee what it ought
to be worth, but what is it worth ?”

“Tf I could dispose of it at once, I would be
willing to take five thousand dollars for it,” I
answered.

“ Good,” said he, ‘‘now we are arriving at a
basis for negotiations. Let me ask you how
long a time it took you to conceive and develop
this invention ?”

I could not see what he was driving at, so
replied that from childhood I had been noted for
“tinkering” and trying to invent something,
and that I believed I had a gift that way.

‘* Let me put the question to you another way,”
said he. ‘*‘How long did you study upon this
saw table before you conceived the idea of the
combination you have made ?”

“Oh, no tirf€e to speak of,” said I, “it came
to me all at once, as it were; that is, I con-
ceived the idea that a saw table susceptible of
the changes of position and relations to the saw,
such as I have made, would be very convenient
to the user, and of money value to me, so after
a few days of thought upon the matter, I made
a model and applied for a patent.”

‘* Did it take you a month to do all this?” he
asked.

*“T think not so long as that,” said I.

“What did your patent cost you 7”

** Nearly fifty dollars,”

“ Just step out into the shop with me a few
moments,” said he.

We went out, and, going straight to the
“ nzz-saw,” he picked up a piece of board,
and, in a few moments’ time, by the aid of some
thin strps or thicker blocks, had cut that board
up into pieces, the sawed edges of which pre-
sented various angles to the original flat surface.
Calling a boy, he directed him to take the pieces

if you can get any

into the engine-room and we returned to the
office,

When we were seated he said, “I have taken
you out into my shop only to show you that up-
on my old saw table I can perform the samie
operations that you can with your improved and
patented arrangement. I can do everything
you can, with as great accuracy, but possibly
not quite so quickly. You come to me with
your invention, that has taken but little of your
time to devise, and necessitated but a slight
outlay of money, and ask me to pay you the
snug sum of five thousand dollars for your
patent. If i could not, upon my old saw table,
do what you ean upon your improved one, and
if it was essential that these operations be per-
formed, the price you put upon your patent
might be reasonable. IfI buy your patent, I
must have some prospect of getting my “money,
with a reasonable profit, back again. I fail, at
present, to see how this can be done, and, of
course, am not ‘inclined to purchase at your

4 price.”

‘‘ What, in your opinion, is it worth?” I in-
quired.

“‘T should not care to put a value on it,” he
replied ‘‘ but I will say this ; if your invention
were my own, I should not use it for the reason
that it would only add to the expense of making
an article, in which there is now very little pro-
fit, without in any manner adding to its real
utility. You are a young man, endeavoring to
make money without working for it, uncon-
sciously perhaps, but nevertheless endeavoring
to do so. Take my advice, go home, and to
work. You say you have a good trade. Stick
to your trade, and save your money. Invent
all you please, so long as you don’t neglect your
business, but don’t attempt to sell a patent un-
til you know you have something that will facili-
tate operations, thereby cheapening the cost of
performing them, or that will simplify the meth-
od of performing them, or that will permit of
new operations being performed.”

I went home, but it took me a long time to
comprehend what the old man meant.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,
ShippingeGeneral Agents
PORT HOPE.

PORTLAND FOUNDRY.
JOSEPH MCAFEE,

(LATE ANGus MCAFEE.)

Warehouse, Main 8t., St. John, N-B,
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

MANUFACTURER OF

Cooking, Ship, Parlor & Office Stoves

MILL CASTINGS,

Ship Windlasses, Capstans, and
Ship Castings of all kinds,
(MADE TO ORDER.)

Power Capstans, Patent Ship Pumps
ly With Copper Chambers.
Lead Scuppers & Water Closets & all
goods in my line for Ships’ use.

Work done to Order with Quick Despatch, 114

~
meee
> 4
¢
oS
N a
will save poney, | y going direct ;
or sending to } MPTON, £2 ¢
King St. East, ps ronto, for their 4
j Watches and Jewellery lver- .
Vt w =6ware and Clocks, et U Can- H
gp not come yourselves your ’
a4, orders and IJ will gua ust az,
my 648 good satisfaction as by a per- + %,
mat : 97?
4 sonal selection. Goods guaranteed ©
Ls exactly as represented or your ¥
money refunded. WatchandJew- *
ellery repairing and manufactur- 2
ing by competent workmen at Gama
Reasonable Prices. We make a {Gam

specialty of HEAVY CAS
WATCHES suitable for lee

|
bermen. iis
427 Prices cheerfully furnished Hi i
Wig

on application.

e address, li

g F. CRUMPTON

3 King St. East,
TORONTO.

Remember th

Cures Cholera, Cholera Morbus, Dy-
sentery, Cramps, Colic, Sea Sick-
ness and Summer Complaint ; also
Cholera Infantum, and all Com-
plaints peculiar to children teeth-
tng, and will be found equaliy
beneficial for acu/ts or chiidren.

FOR SALE BY Ait BRUSCISTS.
T. MILSUSRN 2 CC.,

Praonrieters, Toronto.

Wis = Galva
sree ‘SON

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
120 maphinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing

work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.

FLEMING & SON,
26 Colborne St., Toronto,

eee Oe ee

Travelling Agent.
MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
» CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

e Terms of Subscription :

One copy, one year, in advance...............-. * o

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Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
east three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion,

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Tokrr & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LuUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. SEPT, 15, 1581.

OUR TIMBER POLICY.

We are not aware that anything could prove
more conclusively the short-sighted and destruc-
tive system with which the timber lands of the
Province have been and are dealt with than the
circumstances which are now about to compe]
the Ontario Government to place in the market
a considerable area of pine lands in the Nipis-
sing district. It is no longer a state secret that
the Crown Lands Department of Ontario have
recently organized parties to make reports on
the timber in those townships in the district
referred to that are now prejudiced and liable to
be destroyed by the squatters and settlers and
pine fire bugs, to which on several occasions we
have found it necessary torefer. With wonder-
ful acumen they seek to transfer the risk of this
valuable trust to the lumber trade at par. Do
they expect that the trade are equally ignorant
of their business, and will bid such bonuses as
they would have been justified in doing had the
fire risks been protected by the department ?
It is within our knowledge, and our attention
has been recently called to the immense depre-
ciation that lumber operators put on the value
of standing timber where the ground has been
forestalled by the squatter or settler. Perhaps
the statement of a practical operator, and one
who is prepared at any time to bid for public
timber lands, may call attention to this subject ;
the information is given freely to us to publish,
backed up by evidence which may be available
should we require to use it.

The circumstances are these, and seem to us
what: are liable to occur on this new area about
to be exposed to sale. The operator states that
he bought a limit not a hundred miles from the
townships which are to be sold. He discovered
that the settlers were damaging the timber, and
although most unwillingly, he was compelled to
operate. No sooner were his operations started
than these settlers and squatters actually cut
down and put three to four cross-cuts in from
four to six hundred pine trees of the choicest
kind. The only reason he could ascertain for
this was that they would make sure of shingle
timber when, or if ever, they should require
them. ‘The operator states that each tree would

Jhave averaged 140 feet of the best board timber}

He further states that he appealed to the Crown
Lands Department for protection with no re-
sults, and then asked the department to allow

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

him an eqnal number of trees from the next
township, which was not under licence, and was
also refused ; so that the operator lost this valu-
able timber, and the Province the Crown dues
which would accrue therefrom.

We do not wish to be understood to claim
that the department should not now expose
these timber lands for sale ; probably it is the
only thing left to be done ; but we do say that
so long as the revenue of the Province did not
require it, and the manufacturing requirements
of the Province did not demand it, fresh timber
areas were better unsold. There are quite
enough timber lands under license west of the
Ottawa section and south of Lake Nipissing
exposed to dangerous fire risks, and which should
be forced to furnish revenue by keeping other
fresh territory out of the market, if it were
possible,

A WORD TO THE TRADE.
We are now, notwithstanding the fair wind
and flow of trade, approaching the period when
the careful navigator will take in sail. We are

00} going to ask a question, the answer to which

ought to lead all thinking operators to operate
carefully. Mr. Operator, had you the pine
growing to-day that you have cut down within
the last ten years still standing on hand, would
you not be able to sell out for more money
than you are worth to-day? We anticipate the
affirmative reply.

The disposition to pay bonuses for timber
lands based on the profits of stocks got out with
cheap labor and supplies; the fact of a dear
labor and supply market to face for the coming
season of manufacture; the fact that for every
percentage of advance in our labor there is an
equal percentage less work done ; the fact that
the ebb tide of trade will face us with our stocks
on hand, got out on these expensive, and per-
haps to some extent unavoidable circumstances,
this array of facts should arrest the natural and
fatal anxiety of many in the trade to operate too
largely and te endeavor to get rich too fast. To
those that hold timber lands, we say, go slow.
Keep your plant account in service ; don’t in-
crease it, Keep your mill going—not too high
pressure ; your foundry bill will be less, and you
will cut better lumber. Make up your mind to
operate to the extent that you can handle under
your personal supervision, and don’t compete
with your wealthier, but perhaps reckless neigh-
bor for labor, and we safely predict that you
will find your properties three years hence more
valuable and under better control than those
who, carried away by a little temporary pros-
perity, project increased operations, which can
only be carried out under the most advantageous
circumstances.

A DESPATCH dated Parry Sound, Sept. 2, says:
Serious difficulties have arisen here between the
river drivers in the employ of the Ontario Bank
and the foreman of the Parry Sound Lumber
Company about water rights on the Seguine
river. Years ago the company purchased the
right to overflood land, and constructed a large
dam at the outlet of Mill Lake to hold a supply
of water for their mill during dry seasons. The
water is now very low, being barely enough to
float logs through the sluice at Mill Lake. In
order to keep a supply for the drive the Bank
men have taken forcible possession of one sluice
and have jammed logs on the rapids, holding
back the water so as to shut down Mr. Wm.
Beatty’s flour-mill and the large saw-mill of the
Parry Sound Lumber Company. The logs of
the Bank, after leaving Mill Lake, must pass
over the sluice at the company’s mill before
reaching the Bank’s mill on the Georgian Bay.
It is understood that orders have been given by
the company’s manager to resist this passage by
force if necessary, and very serious complica-
tions, and even bloodshed, are feared.

THE very great scarcity of fodder next season
consequent on the poor crops of hay is a matter
of serious comment by the coming winter's
operators in the woods. A double misfortune
ha8 befallen those of New Brunswick in the
destruction of the great reserve fund, that of
the Tantamar and new and west marshes being
flooded by salt water. The dykes broke at the
late high tide, completely submerging them to a
depth of upwards of four feet,

PREVENTION OF FOREST FIRES.
The Kingston Whig has the following edi-
torial :—
“The curse curseless shall not come ;” and

though like Mackbeth’s wife we may hail the
oft-seen terror as a ‘‘thing of custom,” it will
not the less work its mission as the penalty for
the breach of foral or economic law. A race
gifted with other aptitudes than that which has
found its home in this country might work out
the utilization of the forests which clothed it by
converting them into materials which would
add to their own wealth and so of mankind ;

but the discussion hereof would probably open
up questions of ethiaology as various as those
presented by the contemplation of many parts
of the world endowed with everything but an
intelligent population. There have been forest
fires in Ontario since the settlement of the U.E
Loyalists, increasing in destructive energy year
by year, and it would seem vain to hope that
they will not recur with greater ravage. The
Ottawa valley has been desolated throughout
entire townships until there are millions of
acres which no man will buy. The consolation
afforded by the agricultural commission report
that such is not the case is brobably the best an
ignorant and inculpable people can desire to
have. While we can sell a few millions of feet
every year, and while the party in power are
satisfied with the returns, it is idle to discuss
the propriety of enquiring whether this source
of revenue is ever likely to fail us, or whether
it is worth while to diminish the revenue by
measures calculated to ensure its duration.
With abundant fuel in the coal mines of a
foreign neighbor we may cheer ourselves, while
the miles of woodland yearly recede from view,
that we have never made any effort to carbon-
ize our wood into charcoal, but have instead
dissipated its heat to the empty air. While our
streams dry up, and the hum of many a mill is
hushed forever imported coal will supply our
frontier manufactories with power we have
flung back to the heaven that gave it.

It could not be otherwise where national
opinion is impervious to any conception of the
curse which is wrought on us by the destruction
of fertile soil, of fuel, and of building timber
every year, it could hardly be expected that
criminal negligence in dealing with fire would
be punished. The record of the general iniquity
in this respect might be shown in darker light.
The hideous crime of arson is common in On-
tario, and, as might also be expected, no steps
are being taken in the the interests of justice to
bring the criminals to account. No insurance
company will keep a policy on foot upon unoc-
cupied farm buildings, and the record of their
business shew the wisdom of this provision.
It is well known also that bad harvests immnse-
ly increase the losses of insurance companies,
Much may be allowed for the difficulty of de-
tecting incendiarism, but the difficulty is too
often made an excuse for supineness. From the
combustible material of farm buildings a law
exacting people would derive a reason for great-
er activity in ferreting out incendiaries. The
very ground for such a reason makes them dread
injury to themselves from the hands of the
wrong doer should their endeavour to track him
prove abortive. And so it is with field fires put
out among stumps and in log-heaps during the
season between May and November. If the
farmer is negligent his neighbors @hffer and
they put up with it. If one per cent of the
actionable cases had been dealt with ten years
ago it is more than likely the damage would be
enormously less. Those who, from a sense of
public duty, will bring the offender of this year
before the courts, will merit the thanks of the
public. Not a single case of negligence should
go unpunished. It is one means only, but an
important means, of educating criminally ecare-
less people to a sense of their duty, and of the
rights of others. And such a conviction will
spread into the domain of those cases attributed
to accident. When the farmer shall be made
keenly sensible of their rights and duties in
this matter, there will be a ray of hope avail-
able to the public that the Government of the
Province will do something to protect the
Crown Timber Lands from destruction by fire,

Try Burpock Bioop Birrrrs, the great system re-
noyator, blood’ and liver syrup, acts on the bowels,
iver and kidneys, and is a superb tonic,

as

3 TORONTO. _
From Our Own Correspondent.
Since my letter to you of two weeks ago |
ber has been arriving for export by the N. 6)
W. R. quite freely, and the docks belonging t
that company are crowded with lumber,
ing to mind the good lumber times which ex:
at the close of the American ciyil war. Th
local dealers, however, are still complaining
bitterly at the treatment accorded them by th
railway company in the matter of supplyiz
them with cars for the local wants of consumers
dimension stuff in consequence is extreme
scarce, and the company persistently refuse §
grant them more that a limited number of ¢
for the wants of the city trade. This diseri
ation in favor of the foreign markets, as
the wants of our home market, is ce
unjust, when we consider the large b
pecuniary aid given by our citizens to assis
railroad enterprise. This, however, is not th
only instance of unfair treatment received b
Torontonians at the hands of railway eo pore
tions, and so it will continue to the end of rh
chapter. Railway companies are prove!
slippery customers to deal with, and you ne
know when you have them ; there always seems
to be some loop-hole through which to escaps
from the performance of their engagements,
Another serious cause for complaint, as men-
tioned in my last letter, is the large increase in
their freight tariff, 20 per cent. being the rate o
advance from all points of the N. & N. W. BR.
and its various branches. True, the company
try to convince their customers that they
actually granting them concessions, instead of
laying on more onerous burdens, inasmuch as
they grant them the privilege of loading on a
car 20,400 lbs, instead of 20,000 Ibs., the latter
being the weight previously allowed to shippers,
At a first glance this appears plausible, but the
company know full well that previously, in at
least eight cases out of ten, the latter weigh
was brought over the road, but want of time and
other causes prevented the weighing of all cars
to detecting offenders. Their specious pleading
in this case virtually amounts to this: We will
grant you the liberty to do that which you have
hitherto done, and charge you 20 per cent. ad-
ditional for the privilege of so doing. This
increase in rates will tell most severely on dimen.
sion stuff cut to order, as shippers cannot ven
ture safely in putting on more than 7,500 feet
and keep within the weight at present allowed.
This estimate, of course, is based on the lumbe
being green from the saw, therefore the only
course open to them will be an increase in prices
on all bill stuff cut to order; and lath, unless
dry, had better be left at the mills until they
are seasoned, as cost of manufacture cannot be
realized if brought here in a green state.
Another discrimination in favor of the foreign
trade, as against the local dealers, is to be found
in the difference of about 25 per cent. in freight
rates in favor of all lumber passing over the
company’s docks ; so that all things considered,
it is little wonder that yard men and local con-
sumers deal out hard names when discussing
this «matter, and the fact is undeniable that
retailers are so heavily handicapped through the
above and other causes, that it is little wonder
that so many go to the wall when times of finan-
cial depression occur. At present, however, in —
spite of all difficulties, building goes on as briskly
as ever, and it would seem that Toronto had
obtained possession of Alladin’s wonderful lamp
for turn whichever way you will, new buildings
are springing up in all directions, and vacant
lots in eligible positions will soon beeqme —
thing of the past.
Prices at the various yards remain firm,
former quotations are fully maintained, i
should the present dry weather continue much
longer, bill stuff will be hard to obtain at a1
price, as a large number of mills have been c
pelled to shut down, not daring to con som
running until rain has fallen, as the —_ r
their smokestacks easily ignite the comb le
material laying all around them. Rates '
Oswego rule about the same as mentioned f for
merly, and vessels hard to obtain,
Toronto, Sept. 9, 1881.

amou

bially

Improvements are constan bres
the manufacture of steel ——

EXTENSIVE FIRE.

AwnerstTpurG, Sept. 8.—For the past few
days fires have been burning along the line of
the Canada Southern Railway in this county,
but not till this week was any serious damage
done. Watchmen have been employed day and
night at places where buildings and other pro-
perty werein danger. In the neighbourhood
of McGregor D. Sicklesteen has had men
watching the fires for several days. On Wed-
nesday night, notwithstanding these precau-
tions, Mr. Sicklesteen’s mill was totally destroy-
-ed, and Thos. Oullette’s large stock of hard-
wood lumber at McGregor was burned and
‘badly damaged. About eleven o’clock on that
‘night fre was discovered in the south side of
*the mill, and in thirty minutes the entire
building was ablaze. Messrs. Gullette’s and
*Sicklesteen’s horses were immediately got out
-and set to work drawing water to the fire, and
‘lumber and logs from it. The men had one
‘force pump and hose, which they worked to
great advantage while the water in the well
Viasted. Everyone who could get a pail was at
‘work, and men never worked more faithfully.
7Robert Pool and Theophilus Lemay overworked
‘themselves and had to be carried away. Peter
- WLaporte had his feet badly burned, but no one
else was injured except by overwork. Tele-
gerams were sent to Messrs. Oullette and
’ Sicklesteen, at Amherstburg, as soon as pos-
sible, and they at once drove out. When the
fire brok out the watchmen were busily engaged
on the north side of the mill, where the fire has
been raging in Hiram Walker & Sons’ woods,
which caught fire from a Canada Southern
engine about a week ago. At one time it was
thought that the whole village would be burned.
Mr. Sicklesteen’s loss on the mill is $6,000 ; in-
surance, $2,500. Mr. Oullette’s loss on the
lumber, &c., is $8,000; insurance, $5,000, of
which $2,000 is in the Royal, and $3,000 in the
Mercantile. Mr. Sicklesteen’s mill was only
completed last year, and was the best and most
complete in the county of Essex. Its destruc-
tion will be a great loss, not only to Mr.
Sicklesteen, but to the village of McGregor and
neighbourhood, as a large number of men de-
-pended on employment therein and about for
‘their livelihood. Between McGregor and
Essex Centre the bush is full of fire, and in
many places the fences along the track are
‘burned. In the neighbourhood of Cottam con-
-siderable damage has been done to fences, &c.
"Word was received here yesterday afternoon
“that a saw mill at Gesto had been burned, but

“it is hoped the report is incorrect.

‘The Montreal Gazette says that the great dis
splay of Colonial timbers, which was so important
a feature of the London International Exhibi-
tion of 1862, and in which Canada was not badly
represented, was, at the close of the exhibition,
transferred to the museum at Kew. The mu-
seum was begun in 1847, the first contributions
being a few objects from Sir William Hooker’s
private collection. The botanical collections at
Kew were commenced about the middle of last
century by the Princess Dowager of Wales,

e mother of George the Third. The King, her
son, greatly increased them, with the scientific
aid of Sir Joseph Banks. The impulse given to
navigation and exploration towards the close of
the century had the effect of adding a great deal
to its botanical treasures, the New Holland
house having been specially built for Australian
plants. During the two preceeding reigns Kew
Was comparatively neglected, but on the Queen’s
accession an enquiry was made into its condition,
and the result was that the royal gardens were
devoted to the public service. Relations are
maintained between Kew and all the great
botanic gardens of the British Empire.

Tur Worer Gesxveau in the battle field of life is
general debility, which the vital forces often fail to
Conquor. Burdock Blood Bitters are ever victorious
~ da wed all attacks of chronic disease, they regulate

bowels, act upon the kidneys, liver, and all the

tecretions, tone up the debilitated system, strengthen

the nerves, purify the blood and restore lost vitality

_ One dollar per bottle. All dealers in medicine can

4 supply you.—T. Mieven & Co., Toronto, General
Agents

Worthless Stuff.

Wot #0 fast my friend ; if you could gee the strong,
healthy, blooming men, women and children that have
been raised from beds of sickness, suffering and almost
death by the use of ae Bitters, you would gay
“Glorious and invaluable remedy.”—Philadelphia

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 7

ele Nee ee ee)

BY F. W. COATE & CO.

SALE OF VALUABLE

Timber Limits

Near Lake Nipissing.

The subscribers have received instructions to sell by
Public Auction, WITHOUT RESERVE, at the Mart,
57 King St. East, in the City of Toronto, on

Wednesday, 5th Oct. Next

The Valuable Timber Limits situated near Lake Nipiss-
ing, and designated as Berths Nos, 29, 30 and 38 con-
taining 36 square miles each.

The outlet from these limits is by the Bueve River,
which runs centrally through a large section of them,
affording first-rate facilities for ranning timber or logs
into Lake Nipissing.

By recent survey of two lines and ranging a portion
of them, they are known to contain a large quantity of
excellent White and Red Pine, represented to be quite
equal, if not superior, in quantity and quality to any in
the entire district ; a considerable portion of it being in
close proximity to the river, growing on good even
surface and can be easily worked.

The Limits have not been worked, and will be sold
to purchasers in separate lots as they are designated
and on liberal terms, which will be stated at time of
sale. Sale to commence at 12 o’clock.

F. W. COATE & Co.,

222 Auctioneers

EK. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent.

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. ull

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ee Se

S.S.MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

&@ P.S.—A SET OF TUB MACHINERY FOR SALE,
CHEAP—OR EXCHANGE FOR LUMBER. lyl6

A. L, UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT.

lyL16

SAMUEL WINDRIM,

MANUFACTURER OF

Agricultural Implements, Etc

MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF
AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
of intending purchasers of Reaping Machines, that I
have now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. L17tf

Penetanguishene Foundry

MACHINE SHOP
CRAIG & CAMERON, Proprietors.

The undersigned beg to announce to the public that
they are prepared to make all kinds of Mill and
Steamboat Brass and Iron Castings.

All kinds of PLOW CASTINGS kept on hand. Plow
Points and Landsides a specialty.

We have first-class machinery and are prepared to do
all kinds of TURNING or PLANING on short notice.

We hope by strict attention to business and moderate
charges, to merit a share of the public patronage.

47 All work guaranteed.

1y117

G. A, CRAIG.
C, CAMERON,

The Best Axes in the World!

Single, Double and Triple Steel, 28 Patterns.

; ar ZZ
C.1.WETMOR

ASL BULL

Warranted Good or Exchanged.

And Burrell’s, Warnock’s, and Dundas Axes, made specially for the Lumber Trade,
repacked any weights without extra charge. Lindsay Pattern of Broad anfi Blocking
Axes. LANCE TOOTH SAWS, warranted good. P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.)
LEATHER BELTING. CUT FILES. LATH YARN. Mill and Shanty Hardware,
No. 1 LARD OIL. Heavy HAMES, BUCKLES and HARNESS TRIMMINGS.
Ballard and other RIFLES, from $10 each. Large assortment of CARTRIDGES.

GEORGE STETHEM, Peterborough, Ont.

Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware. jon17

Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention tomy WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with two°ovens, each 16
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves sinee I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well Known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.

ApAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I preferit to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove 1 have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

Apam HALL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.
. Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.

PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880.

A. HALL, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARHE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

THOSE FOREST FIRES.

GREAT DESTRUCTION OF VALUABLE TIMBER, ETC.,

IN THIS DISTRICT.

MInpDEN.—Forest fires have? been raging in
this neighborhood ..for thetlast week, but have
not done much damage until within the last two

or three days. Hazlett’s, Hilliard’s and Ullyot,
Saddler & Co.’s timber limits are said to have

been damaged to a large extent in the township
The crops and fences in some in-

of Stanhope.
stances have been totally destroyed.

MitiBrR0ooK.—Bush fires have been raging in
this vicinity for the past week, destroying barns,
A heavy thunderstorm, last-
ing about six hours, visited here last night,
which has greatly stopped the bush fires, though

grain and fences.

the village is still filled with smoke.

CospoconK.—The excessive heat of the last few

days, together with the long spell of dry weather,

has made this entire country one vast tinder-
Some years ago the whole country to the

box.
north and west of this point was swept by fire,

killing nearly all the vegetation, since which
time the progress of decay in the falling timber

has been going on. Now a few small green

shrubs with tall, dead trees, and dead decaying
down timber cover the face of the ground for
At many places the fire has got a

some miles,
start, and with the gale of wind we had yester-
day, its progréss was rapid. The smoke was so
dense here as to render it almost unbearable.
An object could not be discerned one hundred
yards away, and falling leaves flew around in
every direction, giving the air the appearance of
flocks of birds passing steadily in one direction.
The inhabitants walked around with handker-.
chiefs to their eyes, one and all having the ap-
pearance of an old toper after a week’s holiday.
The wind kept up ata high rate until late on
Wednesday. Yesterday morning, however, it

was almost a dead calm. Had it continued as
fiercely as the day before there would have been
great danger from a fire approaching from the
north-west, and distant not more than three
miles, with abundance of fodder to supply it.
South from this point two farmers have lost all
their fences and buildings, and several moreé
their fences, while to the north numerous fences
are burning in every direction. At the north
siding where there is a large quantity of cord-
wood piled the fire has raged for several days, as
also at numerous other points along the line, but
has been checked by the employees. The night
before last the village of Kirkfield had a narrow
escape from being totally consumed. As it was
a house and a large quantity of slabs belonging
to the Mackenzie Bros, was consumed, and only
for the extraordinary exertions put forward by
the inhabitants, their large mills would have
taken fire. Had such been the case, nothing
could have saved the village.

The great want is rain, and unless it comes
before long, or the wind keeps a dead calm, the
whole country will be in flames,

Another despatch says:—McBain’s saw-mill
about six miles from here, is burnt. The smoke
to-night is very dense. No rain has fallen here
for five weeks.

Parry Sounnd.—For the past two weeks, in
every direction, we have seen the glare of fire
made by the conflagrations. The settlers have
been working night and day to save their little
all, and still the progress of the devouring ele-
ment is not stayed. The efforts of those who
have been fighting the flames have met with
considerable suecess, and a large number of
houses and barns have been saved, but thousands
of dollars worth of valuable pine has been
burnt. Nearly every farmer has lost more or
less by the burning of fences, the fire running
over his meadows, or burning some portion of
his crop. In the immediate vicinity of the vil-
lage the fire has been raging with great violence,
On Wednesday Parry Harbor was threatened
with destruction, and it required a determined
fight to prevent the fire creeping up over thehill
and catching in the Ontario Bank mill yard.
The wind favored the efforts of the workmen in
fighting the flames, On Tuesday and Wednes-
day the residences of Messrs. L. McGowan, 8.
J. Peake and W. A. Scott were in great danger,
but were eventually saved. Yesterday the
whole country was enshrouded in a dense smoke,
and it is feared that if rain does not soon come
the destruction of property will be yery much

greater. On Wednesday a fire broke out in the
woods near Mr. William Beatty’s residence,
caused by a fire started by some small boys who
had a shanty built there. A large number of
men were engaged all night in putting it out,
and it is now nearly under control. —

OVERHEAD HEATING.

The system of overhead heating in manufac-
tories and mills by means of steam pipes is being
very generally adopted in New England, and is
recommended by the insurance companies. The
first objection usually made is that heat rises,
but in point of fact the connection of heat from
pipes is by radiation, and does not'follow special
direction either upward or downward under the
usual conditions of a factory. It is simply a
question of diffusion, and the best place for the
pipe is where the radiation or diffusion is effect-
ed in the best manner. One of the greatest
dangers to which factory buildings are exposed,
and one of the heaviest causes of loss, is the col-
lection of combustible matter on steam pipes,
where they are ordinarily placed at the sides of
the rooms under the windows. Mr. Edward
Atkinson, president of the Boston Manufac-
turers’ Mutual Fire Insurance Company, re-
cently addressed a circular to the managers of
fifty-two mills where this system is employed
asking a number of questions, to draw
from them the results of their experience with
the overhead pipes, and received forty-two
answers. Out of the forty-two replies two were
unfavorable ; two were unfavorable, but were
qualified by statements that showed their ap-
paratus to be poor; one was favorable with
exceptions, and thirty-seven were absolutely
favorable. In respect to economy in heating
the answers varied from nothing to twenty-five
per cent. saved, and the greatest saving was
shown where the pipes were away from the wood
and brickwork, and therefore lost nothing by
having the heat conducted away. Among the
mills which sent favorable answers are many of
the largest in the country, and that they
do not speak until they have thoroughly
tested the system. The coils of pipe are
generally placed about two feet from the
ceiling on hanging brackets from the beams, and
one‘and one-fourth inch pipe is the best adapted
for the purpose. In addition to the safety from
fire, there is the economy of space, and every
inch of floor space is available. The system is
one that should commend itself to those who are
engaged in the manufacture of inflammable
articles,

New Forests.

A writer in a West Virginia paper says that
the Shenandoah valley, when first settled, 160
years ago, was an open, prairie-like region, coy-
ered with tall grass, on which herds of deer,
buffalo and elk fed, and devoid of timber except
on occasional ridges ; but that after it became
settled trees sprang up almost as thickly and
regularly as if seed had been planted. These
forests, having been preserved by the farmers,
cover now a large part of the surface of the val-
ley with hardwood trees of superior excellence.
The explanation of this change is that previous
to the settlement of the valley annual fires,
negligently started by the Indians, burned up
the young trees and prevented the formation of
forests, but with the arrival of settlers these fires
were prevented; and the opinion is asserted
that the treeless character of the western prairie
is owing to the Indian practice of annually burn-
ing the grass. Were it not for that, dense forests
would have covered these vast plains for cen-
turies.

Mow to Give Pine an Oak Color.

Wash the wood carefully in a solution of cop-
peras dissolved in strong lye in proportion of a
pound of copperas toa gallon of lye. When
the wood is dry, after having been thoroughly
saturated with this wash, oil it, when it can be
stained and again oiled. Often, when not sub-
jected to hard usage, the color will remain un-
dimmed for several years, only requiring to be
oiled occasionally. The color may be put on
with a short brush, or the hands being protected
with thick buckskin gloves, the wash may be
applied with a cloth, which will saturate the
wood more evenly. It will blister the hands if
they are not well protected,

KOUMISS.

The Tartars and some other equestrian tribes,
from time immemorial it is said, have practiced
the art of brewing asort of beer from mare’s
milk ; and in later times they have learned how
to distill this beer and procure from it a very
potent brandy. Koumiss is the native name of
the mare’s milk beer, and rack or racky of the
koumiss brandy. This koumiss has at times be-
come celebrated among enlightened people as a
health reviver—a fact, by the way, not at all
extraordinary, and not necessarily dependent
upon any good quality of the koumiss. The
regular doctors and the standard medicines fail
us so often that we must not be too severe on
the afflicted, who, in their despair, resort to
quacks and the outlandish devices of the bar-
barians,

The following account of the preparation of
koumiss by the Tartars is on the authority of a
memoir by Dr. Grieve, in 1788, to the Royal
Society of Edinburgh. Take any quantity of
mare’s milk, dilute it with a sixth of water, pour
it into a wooden vessel, and add as a ferment
about one-eighth of very sour milk, or better, of
old koumiss ; cover the vessel with a thick cloth
and keep it at a moderate temperature. After
standing twenty-four hours, a thick coagulum
rises to the top, which must be well mixed in by
beating and churning. After reposing for an-
other day, it is again stirred till it becomes
quite homogeneous, and in this state it forms
the new koumiss, which has an agreeable sweet-
ish acescent taste. Koumiss keeps well, and,
like other beers and wines, with proper care,
improves with age in taste and becomes more
alcoholic. 4

It is often preserved and transported in bot-
tles made from horse skin ; a complete bottle
is made from the skin of the hind quarter, the
leg part forming the neck of the bottle. We
understand that it is the practice of some of the
tribes to prepare koumiss in the skin bottles by
simply filling up the bottle with fresh milk as
fast as the koumiss is consumed. If the rate of
using and filling up be properly regulated, a
pretty uniform product would be secured, but
of course it would be a sort of ‘‘ ’alf and ’alf.”

It is to be understood that mare’s milk is the
basis of the genuine koumiss, and no doubt gen-
uine koumiss has a taste and odor peculiar to
and characteristic of mare’s milk. But as to
chemical constitution, there is very little differ-
ence between mare’s milk and that of other large
mammals, and any kind of milk will produce
koumiss closely resembling the genuine ; perhaps
cow’s milk will produce a koumiss which will
surpass the genuine. The Tartars use mare’s
milk because of the abundance of horses in com-
parison with other milk-giving animals. Horses
and Tartars have been constant companions for
ages, and thus it has come about that Tartars
became experts in the difficult art of milking
mares and then invented koumiss. The ancient
Scotch made a fermented drink out of milk, but
not mare’s milk, which is proper to allude to
here. The basis of the Scotch drink was whey,
which was prepared by keeping it in the ground,
undisturbed, for at least a year.

A drink under the name of koumiss has been
on sale in some of the saloons of this city, which
is prepared from a receipt substantially as fol-
lows: To one quart of milk add one table-
spoonful of sugar and the same of brewer's yeast ;
when sufticiently fermented, preserve in strong
bottles.

Wine whey, and innumerable punches, and
Tom-and-Jerries, which contain milk as an
essential ingredient, also are related to koumiss.
And there are those, constantly increasing in
number, who do not allow that milk can be im-
proved for any useful purpose by the addition of
alcohol.

A few days since the news was flashed over
the country that koumiss had been reecommend-
edin President Garfield's case, and that a sup-
ply of it had been forwarded for his use.
Koumiss has accordingly become a subject of
extensive inquiry, and thus has originated the
present article.—Scientijic American.

Tuey ALL DO 11.—Eyerybody uses ‘“‘TRABERRY” for
the teeth and breath, the newest, brightest,c osiest
little toilet gem extant. Try a 5 cent sample.

_ ae ;

Dr. Fownkr’s Extract or Wiud STRAWBERRY cures
canker of the stomach and bowels, dysentry, cholera-
morbus, and all summer complaints,

THE ELECTRIC LIGHT IN SAW MILLS.

The lighting of saw mills with the electr
light is now being tried in various parts of the
country, under different conditions, and its
utility and economy will be fully tested. That
the light in itself is adapted to the purpose there
can be no doubt, andZwhen it shall be fairly
demonstrated that the machinery for its pro-
duction can be run by the mill machinery and
produce a steady light at less cost than is in-
volved in the use of other means of lighting, o
that the reduction in the fire risk or the amount
of additional work agcomplished shalll be
ficient to offset any increase in the expense, th
electric light will eventually come into general
use. The light is used in the McGaw mill, in
this city, and in some of the larger mills in the
west and Canada, with fairly satisfactory re-
sults.

The experiment of running the generator
the mill machinery is being tried at Alpena, i
the bay shore mill of Fletcher, Pack & Co.,
which was lighted for the first time on the 13th
instant. The light is furnished by a Maxim
generator, run by the mill machinery. he
mill is one of the best saw mills in the State,
and contains the latest improvements—steam —
feed for the circular saws, cant turners, live
rollers, patent edgers and every modern appli- —
ance. The upper storey of the mill has three
electric lights, which, it is said by the local
papers, illuminate the large room almost equal
to the light of day. Each lamp has an illumin-
ating power equal to that of two hundred can-—
dles. The Argus says: ‘‘ There is a slight
flicker to the lights, which is caused by the mill ©
machinery running a little faster at some times —
than at others. When the saws are cutting logs
there is a slight check on the motion of the
engine, and the machinery works somewhat
slower than when the saws are not cutting. As
the same power that drives the mill machinery
also drives the electrical machine—the result is
that the electric machine is run at different
velocities, and thus occasions a slight flicker of
the light.” The running of the electric gener-
ator by water power is also to be tried at Alpena,
The Argus says : ‘‘ Negotiations are being made
for lighting up the mills, opera house, business —
places, streets and dwelling houses by the elec-
tric light. The motive power will be at thedam,
and wires will lead from there to various parts
of the city. The cost of putting in such works
will not be very expensive, and the light can be >
furnished cheaper than gas. It is a better,
clearer and stronger light than gas, and there is
no danger from fire. The lamps with which it
is proposed to supply private houses are of thirty
candle power, and are said to be almost inde-
structible—the danger of breaking by fair usage
being but little. The dam promises to be of
much benefit to the city. It runs a saw mill, —
furnishes large booming facilities for logs, sup-
plies the power that furnishes the city with
water, and now it is proposed to make it fur-
nish light for the mill, streets, stores and houses.”
At the McGraw mill in this city some difficulty
is experienced in keeping the lamps in order.
When the lamps are in order the light is satis-
factory.—Lumberman’s Gazette.

nha

The Strength of Small Spruce Beams. q
F. E. Kidder performed a series of experi-
ments at the Massachusetts Institute of Tech-—
nology, their object being the determination of
the moduli of elasticity and of rupture in small
beams of white spruce (Abies alba), and such —
other information as might be derived from the —
data obtained, The results of these researches
are embodied in a paper read before the Ameri-
can Academy of Arts and Sciences, and printed
in the current number of the Journal of the
Franklin Institute. The conclusionsdrawn from
the results of the experiments are as follows —
The modulus of elasticity depends not only upon
the elasticity of the material, but also upon the
length of time that the load is applied. When
subjected to loads not exceeding one-sixth of
the breaking weight, spruce beams do not t
a permanent set; but even under very small
loads, if applied for any length of time, ther
will be a temporary set. Knots and gnarls in
beams loaded at the center, when not within”
one-eighth of the span of the centre of the beam,
do not materially affect the elasticity under —
small loads, i ay

NEW GLASGOW.

Messrs. I. Matueson & Co’s Founpry AND
BOILER WORKS.—In the fall of 1867 Mr. Mathe-
son started a foundry and boiler works in this
place, and, owing to his extensive advertising in
the daily papers, has become one of the best
known manufacturers in the Province. His
enterprise, after many years of struggle, was
well established, and he was just beginning to
realize the return of prosperity when, with a
number of heavy orders on his hands, and a
workshop full of partially built boilers and
engines, a disastrous fire destroyed his principal

workshops and machinery. The loss was a
‘heavy one to Mr. Matheson, who, unfortunately,
had no insurance. But nothing discouraged,
Mr. Matheson set to work to rebuild, and
although less than three months has elapsed
since the fire, a new building three times as large
asthe one destroyed by fire has been erected,
and operations have recommenced with renewed
vigor and energy. The new building, 175 = 140,
is roofed with galvanized iron, and contains the
Seeuaelsine, boiler and smith shops. Adjoining is
the brick moulding shop, 135 x36, and several
other buildings. A siding from the Eastern
Extension and Intercolonial railways runs
_ through the main building. Forty mechanics
are steadily employed, to whom as good wages
are paid as are to be obtained in any part of Ca-
mada. These and other orders will keep the
works running on full time for the next four
months. Messrs. Matheson’s specialty is the
manufacture of boilers, bridges, steam-hammers,
windlasses, and all kinds of iron ship works,
shears, and hydraulic presses’ for knee-bending.
They also import saws, belting and pipe. Five
of their boilers are now in use at the Drummond
and Vale Collieries ; two at Hon. Senator Muir-
head’s saw-mills at Chatham ; also boilers and
engines at the Oxford Manufacturing Co.,
Oxford; Reed’s furniture factory, Bridge-
town; Carmichael & Co,’s saw-mill, New
Glasgow ; the saw-mills at Scots Bay, King’s
County; and the steamers Wellington, Anti-
gonish; Lion, Georgetown, P. E. I.; Bertha,
Halifax ; and Alpha, Georgetown, P.E.I. Most
of the steam hammers now in use in this Pro-
vince were built by this firm. They have also
‘rollers made by themselves capable of rolling
plate one inch thick and eight feet wide.

We direct the attention of our readers to the
advertisement of Messrs. Matheson & Co, in
this issue of the CANADA LUMBERMAN.

OUR QUEBEC LETTER.

END OF THE EXCITEMENT IN WHITE PINE,—IN-
CREASED DEMAND FOR OAK.—PRICES CUR-
RENT, &c.

Qurpzc, Aug. 26.—There has been some little
excitement in white pine since the date of my
last letter, but a calm has followed, and there is
not presently any particular reason to appre-
hend that it will be seriously disturbed for some
little time to come. A few choice rafts of Kip

‘pewa and Michigan timber changed hands some

_ ten days ago at prices which have rarely been

‘reached herebefore. A raft of Michigan waney

“pine of 21 inches sold as high as 40 cents. Two

other rafts of the same timber of 19 inches sold

one for 36 cents, the other for 38 cents. An

Ottawa raft of 48 feet changed hands at 24 cents,

and one of 42 feet at 19 cents, with red pine 29

feet at about 13 cents. About the same time
bright pine deals, which were not in very great
demand, were sold at $102, $65 and $34, and
spruce deals at $38, $26 and $22. During the
‘past week the feeling has been quieter, the only
tales made being as follows :—Three good rafts
of white pine, 584 feet average, at 30 cents, 53
feet average at 29 cents, and 47 feet average at
iJ cents per foot.
_ Advices from England are to the effect that
demand is not very great; still it must be
‘Temembered that the stocks held here in first
hands are very light.

_Itis perhaps fortunate for lumbermen that

the prices obtained a fortnight ago are not likely

tbe maintained. As stocks are so light, very
few of oi in the trade would have gained by
e, while a score or two of inex-
firms or individuals would probably
ve rushed into the manufacture of timber this

aad brought ruin upon themselves and dis-
wat to the trade. The eens those com-

THE CANADA

_LUMBERMAN.

petent to form such here is that every precaution
must be used this year in the production of
stocks, or with the vast quantity of logs remain-
ing in the water from last year, another glut
will be certain to occur.

Waney board pine, first class wood, 19-inch
average, in shipping order, is now offered at 39
cents per foot,

Red pine is in excess of the demand, and only
choice wood of large average is asked for. A
prime raft of 42 feet average has been sold at 20
cents, and two rafts of fair average quality, 37
feet average, at 17 cents, and 32 feet average at
15? cents per foot.

Oak is, as predicted some weeks ago, main-
tainining its price and in much greater demand.
The movement to bear it has fallen through, and
shippers having run low in stock, have now to
buy. A lot of about 55,000 feet, 60 feet average,
and only medium quality, has changed hands at
454 cents.

Elm is not much sought after.

Pine deals remain as quoted above. Spruce
deals are being bought in small quantities by
shippers who have run short. Prices remain at
$38, $27 and $22.

Freights are just now remarkably low, ships
having been chartered this week at 19s. to the
Clyde for timber, and 59s. 6d. to London for
deals. The figures will not long remain so low,
however.

A new era in the trade is marked by the ship-
ment of the first cargo last week of a consign-
ment of Kippewa timber from above Ottawa to
Quebec by the Q. M. O. & O. railway. The
price per car has not transpired. The timber
belongs to Allan Grant, and is shipped here to
order of Cook Bros. & Co., whose agent rafts it
alongside the Commissioners’ wharf, where it is
thrown into the pond from the cars direct, and
tows it to his cove. The facilities here for these
shipments are very good,

Nothing has yet been settled here with refer-
ence to the Supervisorship. The trade is united
on one point, namely, that none but a duly
qualified party must be appointed.

The following is the latest comparative state-
ment of timber, masts, bowsprits, spars, staves,
&c., measured and culled to date :—

Waney White Pine. 1,060,844 1,380,102 1,374,887
WhitePine........ 2, 105, 7593 2,956,470 4,220,802
Red Pine.......... 580,555 696,097 1,137,392
Oa oe ras ieidiretas sat 610,789 1,104,979 1,902,774
Elm A000 274,650 786,368 921,603
Vn ESOCDOUGGODEOD 47,133 215,643 328,565
Basswood.......-. 280 206 3,356
Butternut......... 70 588 1,056
IN ATAC \/010)0'0 oie ove 6,654 20,871 22,585
Birch and Maple... 120,003 555,534 138,942
Masts & Bowsprits. DOSES iiire slots sien) fefoisisjstan s
AUS ctoehin a aatote 3 pes ASDOS) i ciiecrep
Std. Staves..,..... 76.9.0.8 16.4.3.15 255.7.3.10
W. I. Staves....... At 1.3.27 260.0.0.22 301.6.0.25
BLISS SAVER relate aan si ci cree ec siicincis | || sssiaiecscoe

The New Mill.

A few days after Mr. Gilmour’s return from
the American side, whither he had gone on a
tour of inspection among the saw mills of that
country, dame rumor busied herself with the
propagation of many idle stories. One manhad
it that Mr. Gilmour had sold out to Rathbun &
Son ; another that the business was about to
be removed to Belleville. Soon this bit of infor-
mation was supplemented by the sayings of some
one deeply in the secrets of the Gilmour, affirm-
ing with an ominous look that there was a ‘‘split
in the firm ;” that the old country member of
the firm was opposed to rebuilding. Thus 1t
might be expected that for a short time the ner-
vous would be disposed to believe that Trenton
was about to meet with a great loss. However,
the fears implanted in the breasts of the timid
ones were soon dispelled, as within an incredible
short space of time Mr. Gilmour showed that
not only was it the intention of the firm to re-
build, but indeed, to rebuild as fine a mill as
could be found in the Province. If for a few
days the mill was run with fewer hands what
diditmatter? The people couldnot have known
the intention of Mr. Gilmour. To-day the mill
is running day and night, and the “hands paid
$1.25 per day. The trouble in this world is that
people take rumors as facts—entirely forgetting
that secrecy is one of the pillars upholding the
business fabric. We do not pretend to be in
Mr. Gilmour’s confidence, but we predict that
1882 will be a most prosperous year for Trenton,
and that such prosperity will be largely induced
by the new mill and its six or seven hundred

men,—Trenton Advocate,

FOR SALE.

The Dexter & Whitwam Manufacturing
. Company, offer for Sale the Entire

Real Estate Plant and Machinery

OF THEIR

BENDING & TURNING FACTORY

Situated in the City of St. Thomas, in the County of
Elgin, Ontario. For full particulars apply to H.
BROWN, Manager, or E. MOORE, President. L20tf

AUCTION SALE
VALUABLE LIMITS,

Situate on the Gatineau River and
Lake Keepawa, 3874 Square Miles.

EXTENSIVE

The following valuable limits owned by Messrs. Ross
& Co., of Quebec, will be sold at Public Auction at the
Grand Union Hotel, in the city of Ottawa, on

Tuesday, the 20th Day of September

NEXT, at half past two o'clock, p. m,, viz :—

Sq. Miles.
Lake Keepawa, Berth No. 48............ 50
ed ““ as 66 TADS aie) iwiwieialopiain 30
Oy 5S et Arn EO BOO0d 30
S s Ae 6 BD. s scenes ser 50

Loy hades Queanceca sAnocaugNoo I ono 160

IMs hacsoap 50

“a fe Seat Oietatayatataatn 50

Es co £e DEEL Ds chats, sterols 50
ss st <i SFE LOS ei ainvals/sfete 274
ERO Let Peyeretelen cheer ven ereloisteysoisietaie/etaistehetel star 2274

The Keepawa limits are in a good pine country, and
adjoin limits owned by David Moore, J. R. Booth, John
Ross, of Quebec, and the British American Lumbering
and Timber Company.

The Gatineau Licenses front on the river, and adjoin
valuable limits owned by Gilmour & Co., and Hamilton
Bros.

These limits are admirably situated for lumbering
purposes, and well worthy the attention of the trade or
speculators.

Terms and conditions of sale, which will be liberal,
will be announced at the time of sale, or can be had
from the Vendors, Messrs. Ross & Co., Quebec, or from

O'CONNOR & HOGG,
of Ottawa, Solicitors for Ross & Co
August 23rd, 1881. 2121

KERR BROTERD

PRACTICAT,

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw and Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS.

f= Plans and Specifications on application. “EX

The Walkerville Foundry

MACHINE “WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881,

12116

g

AUCTION SALE

OF VALUAELE

Timber Limits,

Situated Near Lake Nipissing.

Notice is hereby given that (if not previously dis-

posed of by private bargain) the following Valuable

Timber Limits will be offered for sale at Public Auction
at the Grand Union Hotel, in the

CITY OF OTTAWA,

Tuesday, ‘hs 20th Day
of September Next,

AT 2.30 P.M., VIZ.:

Sq. Miles.
Berth No. 23, on the River Bueve, near Lake
Nipissing, COMPTISING. 000 rcvccsesereces B
Berth No. 43, on the River Wannapitac, near
Lake Nipissing, Coniprisiue.o. xcsseeseue w
Berth No. 51, on the River Wannapitac, near
Lake Nipissing, comprising...........-.... &
Inallissserepdopevessererrreoeeee 108

These limits contain, in the aggregate, a large quan-
tity of magnificent pine timber.

Berth No. 23 is estimated—as the result of a recent
exploration—to contain a quantity of trees sufficient to
produce at least half a million cubic feet of square tim-
ber, besides two hundred and fifty thousand standard
saw logs. The riveris available for driving to Lake
Nipissing.

There is a good mill site on the Bueve river, about
three miles from Lake Nipissing. -

Lumber could be transferred thence by water to the
Callender station of the Canada Central Railway, the
ee of which is projected to pass directly through this
imit.

Lumbermen and others desirous of acquiring limite
are invited to examine these berths in the interval pre-
ceding the day of sale.

The owners reserve the right to dispose of either or
all of them by private bargain in the meantime, and
will be ready to consider any offers that may be made.

Terms of purchase will be liberal, and will be made
known before the sale, the place and hour of which will
be duly advertised

Persons desiring further particulars are invited to
communicate with the undersigned.

STEWART, CHRYSLER & GORMULLY,
Solicitors, Ottawa.
J. B. TACKABERRY, Auctioneer.
Ottawa, 28th July, 1881. 3L20

A RARE CHANCE.

AUCTION SALE OF

Valuable Timber Limits

—AS—

ei ES Le ae A
On the 20th of September.

On Lake Nipissing.

License No. 455, Sixty Square Miles Area, situated on
the head waters of the Mattawa and South Rivers.
This limit is wooded with Pine of the very best growth
and quality. Timber cut thereon can be taken out
either via the Mattawan to the Ottawa River, or by Lake
Nipissing and French River to Georgian Bay with the
greatest convenience.

In connection with this limit is a well improved farm
of about 200 acres, deeded property, 100 acres cleared,
with buildings, stock and crop, all of which will be sold
at valuation.

There are also Six Timber Births numbered 12, 20, 36,
37, 39 and 81, situated on the River Beuve and Western
Arm Bay, each 36 miles square. These limits have
never been worked, and abound with the very finest
quality of white Pine. Access from Georgian Bay via
French River is quite easy. The Canada Pacific Rail-
way passes in the neighborhood of these limits.

On the Georgian Bay.

License 169, on the Missisaga River, consisting of 36
square miles area, and License No. 200, situated on the
Thesselan River, consisting x also of 36 square miles area.
These limits have never been worked and are covered
with an abundance of the best Pine Timber.

The above limits will be sold on the 20th September
at the Grand Union Hotel, Ottawa. Conditions made
known on day of sale. For particulars apply to R.
NAGLE, Ottawa ; ; JOHN SCULLY, commission mer-
chant, Toronto ; or to J. T. LAMBERT, 62 Wellington
Street, Ottawa. 2u21

J. T. LAMBERT,

Lumber and Commission Agent.
FOR SALE.

150 Mills. White Pine, 1 x 10 Stock.
175 do Lenz SS

ct do 2 IDs 58
Mi do pS Sik
140“ do linch Siding.
20 Las do 1 ae
“0. do 2x10 Joists.
Gin! Cedar, 3x6 ee
19. < Basswood, 1} inch.
APPLY AT THE OFFICE, 120

WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA.

g

10

datlarket Reports.

TORONTO.
Mill cull boards and scantling..........++-++++: $9 00
Shipping cull Shing promiscuous widths....... 12 00
BOCER sieisinaiaspiale(s!|aighersipalaiaieintats abit 13 00
Scantling Bhd! es UP 016 ft..ssseeesasreeeevs 12 00
ehatelarataia{arefatetalate piatete 12 00
bf 66 G3 2) ft pooedde 22noJe 12 50
ce ce sé PYRO OD woe cereees 13 00
3 f cf (A a SO Ag HOON OLSO 13 50
cs €f ns DO iL6).1s stu sm aieyn sen iesole oie 14 50
ob MG we 28 ft...2.. dodunppoapas 15 50
6 a S BOLUS isle « citbwrictete's oaurte 17 00
ss as ce B2 fb. vccscecvines Hae nee) 18 00
oe sf Us BL aeeabotcLne Jaane 20 00
.f % a? Bs 7“ Yo jaielstetolate tet ahave' ofetats 22 00
OG WS SSPE TSS ULL» ateuketeloislelvteieierslciaters 25 00
ce ss cf 40 2 ABLE iiheieteleartasialele 80 00
Cutting up planks to dry.......2.--ecsecceneeee 18 00
Joyeth fot! OOGN mM a tee adic saccuI50 16 00
Sound dressing stocks...........60-+% oscers.oe 15 00
Picks Am. inspection...... © sresserseversoere 26 00
Three uppers, Am. inspection.........---+0e00+ 32 00
1j-inch flooring, Obresfaela aanpaonbadeoen00 7000000 28 00
14 MOUS Wisiate oteleratole elele ale! a'ela\etelpi<)-isie 14 00
wu“ es GhOsehinsGban oso sannonGAnOneKd 24 00
4“ BESTT UINGYESSEM Peters velar -lenr-'s etelvie hela 14 00
a Ss f ressed liners ccisteh eistsiete sserpleiete 20 00
ES By WERK EOls Gren sonconnopenobEnd 15 00
2% Beaded Sheeting, dressed...............000008 20 00

Clapboarding, dressed .........ecsseeeesenevene

XXX sawn shingles, #? M An

XX sawn shingles. ..........-ceeves Honacarian and

Sawn Lathes... ce veceeeeeeee Weve reeeesensree
—- >

MONTREAL.
From Ouwr Own Correspondent.

SEpremBeER 9.—The shipping business has been
pretty active since the date of our last report,
and August orders are now nearly all filled, and
there is only one vessel loading now for South
America. The shipping for this season is
about closed. Rates of freight are $13@16.
Shipments since the 22nd ult. were: To Ade-
laide, Australia, 294,313 feet and 30,000 lath ;
Antwerp, 150,000 feet ; Cook, f.o., 150,000 feet ;
London, 53,800 feet; Liverpool, 462,320 feet
and 24,367 deal ends; Buenos Ayres, 1,385,126
feet; Monte Video, 947,490 feet. The total
shipments to the River Platte since the opening
of navigation to date were 7,316,806 feet, against
3,332,808 feet for the same period of 1880, being
an increase in shipments of 3,893,998 feet.

The total lumber trade for building purposes
has been quite active, and some large transac-
tions are taking place, and, although we do not
make any change in quotations, prices continue
firm as under :—

Pine, 1st quality, B® M..se..seen iveeeeees $32 00@40 00
Pine, 2nd “ BD Mnccccrccsccesneeee 18 00@24 00
Pine, shipping culls, # M.....- ete eeeeees 12 00@15 00
Pine, cull deals, # M...... eseee-sseeeee 8 00@10 00
Pine, mill culls, @ M........-00+-...---- 5 00@ 6 50
Spruce, PM. ..ccccsecsecvssceveveseees 8 00@10 00
Hemlock, 8 M......ceeee seca ereneneee 8 00@10 00
Ash, run “of long culls’ out, an Wag poado0d 16 00@18 00
Bass, poe eS sae My. ores qn ines 14 00@16 00
OBS Ma cue ceive vieleinieselsiclvele virice eres 35 00@45 00
BITCH, de Micrelcictrars.cte'v atsicle cele’ vie vine avs eseee 17 00@20 00
Hard Maple, % M....ceesesereeeeees seve 18 00@25 00
TPA ge Ibo onoiseseaoonnn osetoomdadoD oo 1 25@ 1 35
Shingles, Ist, @M .... ..seeceee Gosnno id 3 00@ 0 00
Shingles, 2nd, BM....esecsssesceveeeees 2 00@ 0 00

Corpwoop.—The demand for cordwood is
poor, and likely to be so as long as the present
very warm weather continues. Prices in the

meantime are in buyers’ favor. We quote:
TRGCUTANNIATACS. ciileveie ees siviesis/alcieiseelejviaiels mie $ 4 50@ 5 00
Hard Maple...........cceemecsrsereccees 5 50@ 6 50
White Birch and Soft Maple............. 5 00@ 0 00
VOU. MESEDGLUG ste cusisiefelelats sfarsjure siaisyels\sieicle (0 ave 5 50@ 6 00
—_—_—___—___

LONDON, ONT.
From Our Own Correspondent,

SrpremBer 9.—Among the many vicissitudes
of a commercial life the crowning one is a col-
lapse; and it is my painful duty to record in
this letter the cessation of the firm of G. E.
Hargreaves, lumbermerchant, of this city. This
firm has been in business between three and four
years, and held a high rank in the trade. To-
day a meeting of creditors takes place, and there
will probably be about twenty creditors or their
representatives present from Toronto and the
north. The estate, as far as I can learn, will
show up very poorly, but I would prefer not to
give any approximation in this letter; in my
next I will give a result of to-day’s meeting.

The bush fires on the W. G. & B. and L. H.
& B. railways in the vicinity of Wingham,
Blyth, Bluevale, &c., are creating great devas
tation, and less lumber is coming into this mar-
ket in consequence, some parts of the road at
times being blocked by barriers of flame.

The principal lumber men in this city may be
classified as follows: Wm. Willis, James H.
Belton, Ferguson Bros., H. C. Green, G. E.
Hargreaves, and W. H. Winnett. Of course
there are quite a few others doing a smaller
business, One of the aboye mentioned firms

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

ST. JOHN, N. B,
From Our Own Correspondent.

purchased yesterday three million feet of pine
lumber on the line of the L. H. & B. railway.

The market, as predicted, has greatly im-
proved since my last letter, and I may safely
assert that there will be no let up until we have
the first precursor of King Frost. All grades of
common lumber are presenting indications of 4
rise, and shingles continue to be scarce. Cars
on the G. W. R. are plentiful, but are scarce on
the G. T. R.

In conversation with a Goderich lumber mer-
chant this morning he informs me that his firm
and another one conjointly have brought into
that town twenty-five million feet of lumber
during the past year, and nearly all from the
Georgian Bay district.

branches of the trade.

fire of Messrs, Hilyard Bros.’ saw-mill.

10 and 12in. stocks....... 10 50

Common boards, promiscuous widths.,..... 54

Scantling and joist, up POG Its. Jie
18 ft...

79 “ec “ce
“ce “ce “
“e “ “ce

Common stocks ......+. sipisiaifln
Common 2 in. plank.......
Cutting up plank and boards
Sound dressing stocks.... ..

is correct or not.
at $8.50 to $9.00 per M.

destination :—
John Murphy, 1479, Liverpool.
Missouri, 818, ——
Vestfold, 500, E. C. I. or W. C. E.
Huron, 774, Liverpool. g
Wm. A. Campbell, 1538, Liverpool.
Industrial, 350, United Kingdom,
Carlew, 345, Bristol Channel,
Talavera, 384, Bristol Channel.
Eurydice, 1247, Liverpool.
W.N. H. Clements, 428, Swansea.
Belle O’Brien, 1902, Liverpool.
Thor, 343, France.
Freeman Dennis, 808, Liverpool.

From Our Own Correspondent.

SEPTEMBER 10.—The lowness of water and con-
sequent limited supply of logs is affecting ma-
terially the cut of lumber at the mills of this
locality. There is very little lumber left to be
sold, the producers declining to sell before stock
isin hand, The mills of the Chaudiere, New
Edinburgh and the Gatineau are not running
more than half-time, so that it is quite evident
the cut for the season will be largely reduced.
Present quotations are as follows :—
10-inch stocks, with shipping culls and

betteriporMnsiseciecene cca ccce een $14 00@15 00} Crown Jewell, 716, Limerick.
12-inch Seeks With culls... c+- cece 18 00] Arti 0, Liv: y,
12-inch stocks, without culls.... ....050 22 00 s me gh: gaat raped
Sidings, best qualities...........-...... 28 00@30 00] Seaward, 668, Penenth Roads.
Sidings, l-inchikind.... .......ce0sssses 25 00} Antwerp, 573, ——

Ella, 332, Glasgow.

Nettie Murphy, 1873, Liverpool.
Minnie Burrill, 1465, Liverpool.
Herbert Beech, 1061, Liverpool.
Annie Burrill, 897, ——

There is a great demand for lath, and the
price has increased to $1 per thousand. Mon-
treal and American buyers have bought largely
this season. The supply of lath is not equal to
the demand.

The last raft of square timber by water is on
its way to Quebec, having left this point some
days ago. The price for timber this season is
much higher than for a great many years past.
Waney board quality has brought as high as 40
cents per foot.

Shipping of lumber is somewhat slack at
present. The rates remain unchanged, but if
the water remains low and the cut of lumber
continues small, they will shortly rise. The
following are the present rates :—To Montreal,
$1.25 per M.; Quebec, $2 per M.; Burlington,
$2 per M.; Whitehall, $2 per M.; Albany, $3
per M.; New York, $3.25.

The final sweep of the Gatineau log drive is
within eight miles of the city, but it will take
about ten days to have it completed.

The drive on the Upper Ottawa is progressing

Anna P, Odell, 379, ——
Rothemay, 1200, Liverpool.
Maggie M., 429, ——

Arklow, 638, ——

Mary A. Kerston, 3844, Dundalk.
W. E. Heard, 587, ——

sawn lumber are as follows :
For Europe........ 7,604,000 Sup. feet.
** United States. .3,500,000 a
St. John, N.B., Sept. 6, 1881.

From Another Correspondent.

1881 :—

45 vessels containing—
Deals, battens and ends......

-26,875,368 sp. ft.

slowly, owing to the large number of logs which | Boards and scantling... 676,792
have become stuck in the rapid Palings.......+.+4. 97,620 pes.
a pias. Birch timber... 788 tons.

Word has been received that the timber limit
of Mr. J. R. Booth, on the Temiscamingue, has
been badly swept by fire. It is not known that

Below are the clearances at St. John, N. B
for transatlantic ports from 1st January, 1881,
to 1st September, 1881 :—

the limits of any other Ottawa lumberman have | Deals, battens and ends............ 133,994,143 sp. ft.
been damaged to any extent by fire. Boards and scantling...........++5. 4,201,613 *
Paley. oie venwemken aie vee aricevacce 284,965 pes.
SSS Pine timber..............+ wane hcae 768 tons
OSWEGO, N.Y. BING ue cc actevne ch echeameece weeeeee 3,609 We

SrpreMBER 12.—The following are the quota-
tions :—

Miree uppers seeoerer eee $43 00@45 00 | OBE cargo sold to arrive at Garston dock at £6

oo <i. ais SMARTIES else obhed beaetiets 32 00@35 00 | 16s. c.i.f., which would be about equal to a sale
INO; COMMON careeninncnenies eereceoerrs es 20 00@256 00 . . c
Gominon "44 oogis oo | &t £7. 2s. 6d. in Liverpool in the usual way.
Gulia, (aR cI We oR ER odiokste s stale Raiphes 11 00@13 00} THE AMERICAN MARKET.—In New Yorklaths
DULPUN OES iv). 0 xiehanipietyele mh Wnlo/c tsa cet een 17 00@22 00 -
Sidings, selected, Linch...........e.s.s0e 30 00@33 00 have shown an UpW ard tenden cy, and Recens
14 in ...» 80 00@38 00] lots have sold as high as $2.26, but this price

neh
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet - 16 00@20 00

will hardly hold long, for shippers will forward

select ed. '. 20 00@25 00 ‘ :
iB shipper a ; ia 15 oo@i6 00 | laths as fast as possible. Cargoes of wide stuff
rips, 1 and 1} inch mill run . 14 00@18 00
Culls, sand ii ine San cnes 22 00@30 o9 | COMMand ready sale, and we can quote from
Gsg cn Ghenenere . 10 00@13 20] $15 to $17 for 10, 11 and 12-inch lumber. In

1x6 selected for clapboard 25 00@40 00 . . "
Shingles, | XXX, 18 mneh, pine 8 "Be 3 90 Boston, owing to heavy arrivals, the market
Sinise wfelatem rele 2 75@ 2 90] has weakened somewhat, and laths are quoted
xk, 18 inch, ee : oe 3 26 | there at $1.70; spruce boards, &c,, at $13,
Ents eee veverseeeese 240@2 60] Freights have lately dropped a little, and | wor!

GENERAL REMARKS.—We have arrived at
that stage of the season’s business when for a
longer or shorter period there is usually very
little calling for special remark with reference
to the lumber trade ; the rush of the spring and
summer shipments being over, with a sort of
intermission before fully entering upon the fall
operations, a state of quietness prevades all
The only remarkable
occurrence of the period was the destruction by
The
destruction of this mill, although a serious loss
to the owners, will not cause any disturbance to
the trade generally, as the available supply of

QUOTATIONS. saws in operation in and about the city is quite
Mill cull boards and scantling................... $8 00] sufficient to cut all the logs that come to this
Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths....... 10 00 market ; indeed, the pails question was at ie

time being supplied with logs cut on the bay
shore, and brought in from the sea, so to speak
—quite a novel feature of our lumber trade. It
is reported that the Messrs. Hilyard intend re-
building, but I do not know whether the report
Prices of deals remain steady

tiiseardppers, Acceiierecn nes 33 00 | ‘FreicuTs.—The freight market continues
4 inch dressed and matched flooring. -- 20 00| firm, rates running about the same as last re-
E « “ “ ick ne a a ported, viz., 57. 6d. for principal English ports,

aoe ean shingles, AOIMLT 1 olasduristnistatonietesinioe 3 25] at which rate several vessels have been fixed.
ath per COU fareisistets/cisitielsielaietnsisiaieisinialsteetatsiy ie 4 25 VESSELS IN PoRT.—The following A alae oe
the vessels in port, with their tonnage and
OTTAWA,

St. Julien, 1049, Liverpool, Barrow or Bristol Channel,

SHIPMENTS.—The shipments of deals and other

SHIPMENTS OF LUMBER.—The following is a
statement of the clearances of lumber at St.
John, N. B., for transatlantic ports for August,

The English market continues to remain fairly
firm and satisfactory to shippers. We learn of

while the most of the chartered vessels in port
have obtained 57s. 6d., we know of two recent
chartérs at 55s., one for Liverpool and one fe
Bristol Channel.

Coastwise freights are firm at $3.25 for New
York, $3 for Sound ports, and $2.50 for Boston,
Logs are held at $7 to $8, and deals are worth
about $8.50 per M., with few outside arrivals to
report.

Fire has been busy lately among the mill —
owners. On the 6th instant a mill belonging —
to E. D. Jewitt & Co. was burned, on which
there was no insurance. The loss is estimated —
at from $15,000 to $20,000. We believe it is ne
the intention of the owners to rebuild, as the
will occupy another mill in the neighborhood
which is unused at present.

Hilyard Bros., the loss of whose mill by fire
you reported in your last issue, have decided to,
rebuild, and are busy clearing away the ruins. ha

St. John, N.B., Sept. 9, 1881.

—SESE
_ CHICAGO.

SEPTEMBER 7.—Prices remain unchanged,
practically, although during the week sales were
made at quite a reduction from the regular mar-
ket prices. The following are the quotations :-—

CARGO QUOTATIONS.

Joist and scantling, green,ordinary lengths$11 00@11 25
Joist and scantling, green, 20 feet and over A 00@15 00

Mill run, choice green..... secenpie depp 50@21
Mill run, medium, green...........++ --. 13 OO@16 53D
Mill run, common, “~*"| <>. ,sussseeaee 11 00@13 00
Shingles, standard............ ovine wee 2 65@ 275
Shingles, extra A..... «c.ccousesssheauee 2 70@ 2 90
Vath... can-s000ssssakp anne ee +. 15@190.
LAKE FREIGHTS,
Manistes. .....0000000.sscensessvssuenenpeanaee $2
Muskegon ...cseescaes ceccncecenesces pas esconee 1
Ladington...s:0sesshen ocoseacconsnsenhendsses 1 87.
Grand Haven .....seseeses eeeere cecces D
Menominee.......+.++ cress sentessbelsepbeses 2
Sturgeon Bay.........-+« ose 000s a5 55s eae 2
White Lake....00..cceces oceusceccasesvoneseew - 175
Ford River. .». \csesessss ones aeenne enna «+» 200
Receipts Pe hiowiall of lumber and shingles
for the week ending September 6:
RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS.
Lumber. Shingles. Lumber, Shingles.
1881...... 43,158,000 20,460,000 44,824,000 35,130,000
1880...... 56, "563,000 21,840,000 46,628,000 25,164,000

Receipts and shipments of lumber and
shingles from January 1 to andincluding Septem-
ber 6: ahr

Lumber, Shingles, Lumber. Shingles.
1881.1,166,734,000 505,090,000 1,090,078,000 509,520,000
1880. 982/280, 000 430,799,000 950,902,000 438,983,000.

———E—eee
BUFFALO.

SEPTEMBER 12.—The following are the latest.
quotations for cargo lots :—

Uppers. ......006 Cescnsece avespes eee 00@45 00°
Common... ....Jssees ee daneeee ae Weres 17 530@20 00
Calls... .0.scscccscesans> seuss enna eaee 11 50@12 50
Dressing stocks............« acumen teaten 18 00@20 09"

Dreasing sidings, ......0=.ceses-ssssaeas 17 W@19 00"
ees
TONAWANDA.

CARGO LOTS—SAGINAW INSPECTION.

Three uppers...seec.seseeeeeee seeees.s- S40 O0@45 00!
Gomiiican ceessuwee wacvcudisschnueaeee 17 50@20 00°
Us. ints coe Se 11 50@12 50°
———
LONDON.

The Timber Trades Journal, of August 27th,.
says :—All things taken together seem to point.
to a considerable firmness in the position of the’
wood trade in both the London and provincial
markets, and though the improvement is slow, —
unless interrupted in the manner described, itis: —
» | likely to be steady, and that says a great deal..
‘We take it as rather a good sign that the trade ©
are feeling their way so cautiously, and not
jumping to any hasty conclusions. As far as”
the metropolis is concerned, it is as clear as day-
light that there must be a strong undercurrent ~
of business to keep the dock deliveries every
week so much in advance of those of last year,
and, in spite of the talk about general depres-—
sion, facts bear us out in stating that things in~
that respect are not half so black as they a
painted. If we had only been blessed with
fine harvest, we should probably have see
prices much higher this fall than they were last
as it is they rule much the same, but the sit
tion is so different now that everything is hope-
ful, while nothing but gloomy anticipations sur-
rounded us twelve months ago.

rete aj ki
the purest and

san fl

ed

4

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

11

LIVERPOOL.

The Timber Trades Journal, of August 27th,
says :—The importation during the past week
has shown a slight increase over the average of
the preceding ones, but not to any extent.

Everything points towards the continuance of
a moderate import for the year, and this, to-

_ gether with the firm attitude held by sellers in
the various shipping ports, has had the effect of
steadily raising prices. So far as North Ameri-
can spruce deals are concerned, prices are yet
below an average value, and with the increased
price abroad a still further advance is looked
for, and will doubtless be obtained during the
the coming week.

Latest advices from Quebec show that no re-
duction from the high rates already paid there
for pine timber is at all likely to take place—in
fact, the appearances are all the other way ; and
as the stock on hand there is short, the highest
prices ever known have been paid for some rafts
of good quality. This will make the cost of im-
portation heavy, and consumers who are in want
of this description will not mend their position
by waiting for later arrivals.

ed
GLASGOW.

The Timber Trades Jounarl, of August 27th,
says :—Imports of foreign timber to the Clyde
during the past week have been to the extent of
about 5,000 loads, consisting of two cargoes teak,
one of Quebec timber and deals, and several
parcels of wainscot billets, Americanand Italian
walnut, &c. The tonnage employed for the con-
veyance of teak imported to Clyde since the
beginning of the year aggregates 7,819 tons,
being rather more than for the corresponding
period of 1880; last arrivals this year were in
March. There has been a falling off in the im-
ports of birch this year, the arrivals from Que-
bec and lower ports amounting to 5,000 logs, as
against 8,000 last year at corresponding date.

A public sale was held here on the 28rd inst.,
Messrs. Singleton, Dunn & Co., brokers, the
goods offered consisting chiefly of New Bruns-
wick spruce deals and Pictou, N.S., birch tim-
ber. The attendance was good, and a fair
portion of the catalogue was disposed of at the
following rates:—Pictou birch timber, about
500 logs sold, one parcel of 20 logs, average 174
inch square (some logs figured) at 1s. 74d. per
cubic foot, string measure, the remainder, say
from 15-inch to 16-inch average square, at from
1s. 24d. to 1s. 4d. per cubic foot. A parcel of
39 logs American black walnut (round), from
10 to 19-inch girth, sold at from 2s. 7d. to 4s,
114d. per cubic foot, string measure, average 3s,

5hd.
For lower port deals suitable for stage planks,
box-making, &c., a fair demand still continues.

Lumber Growth on the Pacific.

The Oregonian has this to say of the Puget
Sound lumber forests:—‘“‘The forests of the
great Pacific north-west are as yet virtually un-
touched, and they now offer the most consider-
able source of supply remaining on the continent.
Development of our railway system will, in a
few years, give us an immense lumber trade.
This interest will be more important than our
fisheries, and it may for a time take precedent
over our wheat. The railroads will make our
vast forests accessible to the great treeless region
of the interior, and as lumber is now carried
from Michigan to Maine, so it can be carried
from Oregon and Washington to Montana and
Dakota, and even to Chicago. The rapid settle-
ment of the country to follow railroad construc-
tion will create a mighty demand for lumber
over half a million square miles of territory.
Within afew years our mountains, where the
chief supply is, will be penetrated in all direc-
tions and at all points, and the lumber will be
run out on tramwaysor driven down the streams.
Ten years from now it will be an immense busi-
ness. Nothing can be more sure, for the demand
in the open country, from the Cascade range to
the Missouri river, will certainly be met by the
supply from these western forests.”

Zormer.—A healthy man never thinks of his
stomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
ig 2 constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
“bottle of 5 apr from Brazil, the new and remarkable
densing and. toning the system, for
the oR grees pice and the Liver to
jes in assimilating food,

tent sane pt 7;

, the new remedy, of
asvggiet. A lew doges will gurprige you,

SALE OF TIMBER LIMITS.

The Ottawa Citizen says that on Thursday
afternoon, September 3, at the Grand Union
Hotel, there were offered for sale by Mr. James
Brewer, auctioneer, the following valuable tim-
ber limits situated on the Black river, in the
Province of Quebec, which were part of the
estate of the late Mr. Michael O’Meara, of Pem-
broke :—License No. 92, of 1878-9, comprising
50 square miles; license No. 91, of the same
year, also comprising about 50 square miles ;
and license No. 90, of the same year, comprising
about 8 square miles. The sale was made in
order to wind up the affairs of the estate by order
of the executors, Messrs. W. O’Meara, W. Howe
and J. Doran. Besides the limits above speci-
fied, there was also a farm of about 100 acres of
good land on license No. 91, and a considerable
quantity of stores, including about 50 tons of
good hay. It had at first been intended to put
the property up in lots to suit purchasers, but
at the time of the sale it was determined to put
it up en bloc, the purchaser to take the stores on
the farm at valuation. The terms of the pay-
ment were 10 per cent. cash, the balance in
fifteen days, or 50 per cent. of the balance in
fifteen days, and the remainder in six months,
with interest at 6 per cent. added. The attend-
ance was large, and for a time the competition
keen. The auctioneer announced that no bids
under $500 would be taken. Mr. McCormick,
of Pembroke, started them at $10,000, which
bid was doubled by Mr. Alexander Fraser.
Five hundzed dollars was added to this ; then
came a bid of $22,000, and from that the figures
rapidly run up $1,000 at a time until $36,000
was reached. Here there was a short pause,
and they were then slowly $500 at a time until
knocked down to Mr. T. W. Murray, of Pem-
broke, at $38,000.

Spontaneous Combustion.

A French scientist has lately experimented
with greasy rags to ascertain the degree of their
inflammability under certain conditions. He
took for this purpose a quantity of cotton rags,
saturated them with boiled linseed oil, wrung
them out, and placed them, together with dry
cotton, in a box about eighteen inches long,
eight inches wide, and two feet high, in which
he put a thermometer in order to watch the in-
crease of temperature. The room in which the
experiment was made was kept under a temper-
ature of 170° Fahrenheit. The mercury soon
began to rise, and showed within an hour and a
quarter 340°; smoke commenced to come through
the fissures, and as soon as air was let in, the
flames burst out. In another experiment, made
under the same temperature, cotton, saturated
with linseed oil, ignited within five or six hours,
Rapeseed oil caused ignition after ten hours. In
another room, where the temperature was left
at 120° Fahrenheit, cotton, mixed with a little
olive oil, and put in a paper, burnt after six
hours ; castor oil required more than twenty-
four hours; whale oil only four hours, and fish
oil two hours. Spermaceti oil, free of glycerine,
did not ignite at all, neither did heavy tar, coal
tar, or slate oils. These experiments show very
clearly the necessity for scrupulous watching of
oily rags, which are often too carelessly left
around after cleaning machinery.

Walnut Burls.

A Chicago harwood buyer recently struck a
bonanza in the way of a walnut burl on the
Spoon river, in thisstate. Itis fifteen feet long,
seven feet, eight inches in diameter at the butt,
and six feet, nine inches at the top, not includ-
ing the sap. The modest sum of $7 was paid
for the tree, and in addition it cost $2.50 to hire
the burl cut out. It was rolled into the river,
but it sunk like a piece of lead. When it was
discovered that it wouldn’t float, it was pulled
upon the bank again by three yoke of oxen and
a span of mules, and will be shipped to a veneer
mill by rail. The owner considers the log worth
$150, but he probably would not sell it for twice
that amount. This recalls to mind a burl that
was bought in Indiana some fifteen years ago
for $10. It was sent to Sandusky by rail, thence
by water to New York, where it was cut into
veneers. The veneers were brought back to
Buffalo and sold, the lucky operator clearing
over $3,000 on his $10 investment, —Northwestern
Lumbernan, .

VT Pee SUPPLIES.

Extra Stretched and Pate Patent Smooth Surface

RUBBER BELTING—in Stock, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Plies,
HOYT’S CELEBRATED LEATHER BELTING.
COTTON BELTING, for Flour Mills. &., Superior Quality.

DISSTON’S CELEBRATED MILL SAWS.
Steam Packing of all kinds, Rubber and Linen Hose, Silk Bolting Cloth, Emery
Wheels, Lacing Leather (Page’s Genuine), Lard, Seal, Cylinder, Spindle, West Vir-
ginia and Wool Oils. Our Stock includes Mill Supplies and Rubber Goods of all

kinds.

(== Quotations furnished for any part of Canada. 2

ESTEY, ALLWOOD & CO., SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

A PLANING MILL BURNED.

Lonpon, Sept. 11.—This afternoon a most
disastrous fire occurred in this city. About
four o’clock flames were noticed issuing from a
shed at Green’s planing mill, and although the
fire brigade were quickly on the spot the flames
had obtained such a hold that the whole of the
sheds, brick planing mill, and brick cottage
adjoining were razed to the ground. The whole
of the valuable machinery, the mill being the
most complete and best equipped west of Toron-
to, is a total loss, and a number of workmen are
also sufferers to the extent of their kits of tools,
some of which were worth $150. A quantity of
finished stuff ready for use at the Masonic
Temple, and other new buildings were destroyed.
Mr. Green’s loss is placed at $25,000 on which
their is an insurance of $5,000. Many’ narrow
escapes are reported. Several of the workmen,
while attempting to save their tools, were forced
by a sudden rush of flames to jump for their
lives, and sustained painful injuries by falling
upon odd tools which had been thrown out.
The falling walls also made things lively for the
firemen. The lumber in the adjoining lumber
yard of Mr. H. C. Green ignited several times,
and some piles were badly damaged. The office
and buildings in the coal yard of Messrs. Bow-
man & Co., on the other side of the mill, were
also scorched.

NEW BRUNSWICK NOTES.

Upper Province Canadians, in supplying New
York and other large eastern markets, ship wide
10-inch and upwards. This the lower proyinces
cannot compete in with their narrow board
lumber, the logs of the Provinces of New Bruns-
wick and Nova Scotia being now comparatively

small,
A city ordinance of New York requires that

all spruce deals used be not less than 16 feet long
by 10 to 15 inches wide. This size is regularly
sorted out by New Brunswickers, and reserved
for that market, and the balance, as mixed lots,
sent to other points.

THERE had existed in southern New Bruns-
wick a large industry to the consumption at
times of 1,300,000, and now about extinct.
Last year the amount was 300,000 only. There
was a growth of rough, crooked trees on the right
bank of the St. John river. This was utilized
for the manufacture of boxes, each one con-
suming 28 or 29 feet of lumber. These were
shipped to the West Indies, and known as
“‘shooks,” where they were filled with sugars.
They were worth here about 50 to 75 cents, and
sold in Cuba for from 8 to 10 reals—equal to
$1.10 or so—the increased cost being the addition
of a duty of 29 cents imposed by the Cuban
Government, and the freight. The firm of
Fleulling & Co., of Hampton, N. B., are at
present manufacturing something similar, in the
shape of small boxes, to be sent to the Bermudas
for the onion trade. There will be used for
this purpose 600,000 feet of spruce this season,

Cement for Leather.

Equal parts of common glue and isinglass ;
soak ten hours in just enough water to barely
cover, bring gradually to a boiling heat, and add
pure tannin until the whole becomes ropy, or
appears like the white of eggs. Buff off the
surfaces to be joined, apply the cement, and
clamp firmly.

Beanutifiers.

Ladies, you cannot make fair skin, rosy cheeks and
sparkling eyes with all the cosmetics of France, or
beautifiers of the world, while in poor health, and
nothing will give you such good health, strength,
buoyant spirits and beauty as Hop Bitters. A trial is
certain proof.—TZelegraph,

‘plant in fall or spring.

THE TENURE OF LIFE.

An industrious German, Baron G. F. Kolb,
has lately compiled a book of universal statis-
tics which furnishes much food for thought. His
figures show that every advance made by a
people in morality, in profitable and healthy
employment, and useful knowledge brings it
nearer to the ideal—the greatest natural tenure
of life. Domestic virtue also tells favourably
on the health and wealth of a population. Thus
in Bavaria, out of 1,000 children born alive there
died, of legitimate children, 248 boys and 212
girls ; of illegitimate, 361 boys and 342 girls.
Out of 100 children succled by their mothers,
only 18.2 died during the first year; of those
nursed by wet nurses, 29.33 died ; of those arti-
fically fed, 60 died ; of those brought up in in-
stitutions, 80 died in the 100. The influence of
prosperity or povery on mortality is also shown
by Baron Kolb. Takirig 1,000 well-to-do persons
and another 1,000 of poor persons—after five
years there remained alive of the prosperous,
943 ; of the poor, only 655. After fifty years
there remained of the prosperous, 557; of the
poor, 283; at seventy years of age there re-
mained 235 of the prosperous, and of the poor,
65. The average length of life among the well-
to-do was 50 years, and among the poor 32
years.

One of the most potent shorteners of life is
the anxiety of providing for bare subsistance.
The lack of sanitary conditions also shortens
men’s years. Idleness, as compared to intense
industry, outweighs—prejudically outweighs—
all the advantages of ease and abundance.

4

Fall Planting.

The Rural Canadian says:—The question is
often asked whether spring or fall is the better
time to plant fruit and other trees. No answer
of universal application can be given. It is
undoubtedly an advantage to plant the smaller
fruits in the fall. By these are meant raspber-
ries, currants and gooseberries. Being of low-
growing habit, they are not affected by the
strong winds, and are more easily sheltered from
the cold of winter. They will make a more
vigorous growth next season, than if planted the
following spring. Taller growths that catch the
wind are swayed about more or less, and do hot
get firm hold of the ground. These are better
planted in the spring. Evergreens rarely, if
ever, do well when planted in the fall. Wheth-
er fall planting is practised or not, fall ordering
is very desirable. It is better to get the young
stock, and heel in it, than delay until spring.
Heeling-in is temporarily planting a bundle of
trees, aslant, that may awake a favourable time
for spring planting. This has several advan-
tages. Nurserymen are not so driven in the
fall as in the spring ; can make better selections
of trees, in filling your order ; pack them more
carefully, and be more exact about names.
With the trees on hand you can seize the op-
portune time for setting themout. You arenot
hurried, for the trees are in good state of pres-
ervation, and can be planted with care and de-
liberation.

By all means order in the fall, whether you
Let evergreens be the
exception to this rule. They should not be lift-
ed until spring.

Were man to comform more to the laws of health
and of nature, and be less addicted to the gratification
of his passions, it would not be necessary to advertise
Fellows’ Compound Syrup of Hypophosphites as a
restorative for the power of the brain and nervous
system, while the world’s progress enlightenment
would indeed be marvellous.

12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. wena

RT EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Linite

EA MTL'TON, CAIN ADA.

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Lreasurer. Superintendent.

TV.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED
8 Ee TER Ort TT

MERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

These Wheels are :
Wire Strengthened t :

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ.,
GALT, MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO., Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,
ST. CATHARINES. TORONTO.
W EE) ALSO Javy ve olay oO)
WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO, |

Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. Lumber Merchants. ben

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 3

A. WTO RW. A DT DAVID JONES’

ELECTRICIAN, 2.

4 QUEEN STREET Beh TORONTO, ONTARIO. I AST Ste e Tah le I ut e ry
Yas>Best Cast Steel, Warranted.

Trusses lor HERNIA, Ruptur b, Edge Tool & Cutlery W /orks, Woodstock. N.B.

L2Z1-ly

Awarded Diploma and Medal by the New Brunswick Government in 1873.

The most Durable and Beneficial kind known to Medical Science always in
Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.

BATTERIES FOR BATHS,

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private Use; and
FARADIC BATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW. ly.17

Fire-Engine

The Rainer Piano Always Triumphant

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:
At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, Ist Prize, Diploma & Medal for Best Square Piano

At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition - - - - - Ist Prize and Diploma
At Brantford Southern Fair - - - - - ~- Ist Prize and Diploma
At Guelph Central Exhibition - - = - - - Ist Prize and Diploma

@=SEND FOR CATALOGUE. “BX

RAINER, SWEETNAM & HAZELTON,

MANUFACTURERS,

GUELPH, ONTARIO. .
The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

The Beil Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)

. 5
N d | i 0 N a at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

202 SPARKS STRE THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.

‘Tep9W PIOH puy

6LBT ‘UOWIGINxXH [Blaqsnpuy ‘uBs1O AO[Aeg 10J jepoyw ATUO

.Provincial Exhibition 1871
BLBI ‘UOTVICIUXm [ejouTAorg ‘UeBIO 10[Ae_ AOJ [BpoT AjuO

.Centennial Exhibition, 1876

International Medal and Diploma, Sydney, Australia, 1877

We RECHIV HD
Cit#t ATHOMM HM

at:
= AY =
= : ce] -
a ; < q
8 8
a ¢g &
ye SS
a 2 >
aa E
anufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and Ze s
ilitary Encampments, withor without extra roofs, all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped, qa ¢ ©
lidew proof or plain. Prices from $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes) 8 8 =
_ Inade of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP SoS 2 i
Fir BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent- GS = 4
53 ed; size when folded 2x 6 in.; 3 feet long, weighing gS . i
only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the s s 8 *

/ = weight of apy man. ay Hiete root wacon s00 horse-
ws covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats an eggings of 3 . 3

j ade i The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the factthat _
Per een dde ye pide on Wie Lrerikes. we have sold menely 15,000 proves that they are the best inthe market. We GUARANTEE ALL ©

Mme RoE COT peas OUR ORGANS for five years. Correspondence inyited. Illustrated Catologue mailed free.

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO., WV aS BEE 85 CO.

202 Sparks Street, Ottawa | 117 41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GUELPH, Ont. j

14 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by

The Canadian Steam Users’ Insurance Association

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO.

GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.
A. F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. lyl7

SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President.
HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres.

OAK HALL

Nos. 115, 117, (19, 121, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.
We carry a STOOK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

. We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.

We give a Good Tweed Suit for.......... $6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 1 50
We give a Good Overalls for .......-...... O 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing

House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lyL13

SHEET IRON ROOFING

Can give the Best of References in

LUMBERMENS

ROBERT W. LOWE,
AUCTIONEER AND COMMISSION MERCHANT,

81 SANDS BUILDING, PRINCE WILLIAM. STREET.

.Cash advanced on Goods putin for sale. 447 No Storage charged. All kinds of Merchandise
Bought and Sold. New and Second-hand Furniture always op hand. Agent for Hazelhurst & Co's
WINTHROP COOKING RANGES, WATERLOO W OOD STOVE S, FRANKLIN, &c., &., &.

L22-ly SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

The Largest Manufacturers of

IN THE UNITED STATES.

every State and Territory.

POTTER IRON ROOFING COMP'Y, ae

101, 103 and 105 West Front Street,
CINCINNATI.

All Kinds of CORRUGATED IRON Furnished,

|
Send for Biuninewee Circulars, naming THE CANADA i ea -
LUMBERMA 12u11

STATIONERY,

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber

Shanties and Offices at City prices.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art,’and at Lowest Living Prices.

Book- Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.

Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

TOKER

Le

& CO.,

CANADA LUMBERMAN,” :
PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 15

—— nanan

LUMBER MEN Brake Brothers’ Box Mil

Will clmegutmrds Morea GiGek of SPRUCE, PINE? HEMLOCK SHINGLES

Fr. HE. DRAKE. L22-ly nN. 2. DRAXZE.

Shanty Blankets

HORSE BLANKETS

At LOWEST Mill Price, at

INO. MACDONALD & 60'S

ga Send Sample Order for our LINED SHAPED
HORSE RUG, a Specialty, highly recommended for
Wear and Warmth. ap

Northey s Steam Pump Works

BOILER FEED PUMPS, MINING PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, | PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and OIL PIPE LINES,
WRECKING PUMPS. And CITY WATER WORKS.

No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SEND FOR CIRCULAR. Li7-ly

paipeedety 2b) Te CAN. AoC Gee

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BELTIN

eee eee)
y, @o%s» First Prize, Provincial Exhibition ................ Ottawa, 1875 a :
D Mi LAC Lf LA N & SO N S y \ First Prize, Provincial Exhibition............. Hamilton, 1s76 Z ¥
s GC 5 We \ First Prize, Provincial Exhibition................ London, 1877 §
q = | First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ................ Toronto, 1879 ¥-z

Manufacturers of all Descriptions of

STEAM BOILERS, .

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and discounts.
SHIPS’ WATER-TANKS. Repairing Punctually Attended to.

! First Prize, Industrial Exhibition ............... Toronto, 1830 (=5" &
International Medal, Centennial Ex..,..... Philadelphia, 1876

»» NORTH SLIP, ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWIcK.|B1 Colborne Street, Toronto.

-

pen an THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

i

~ M Covel’s Latest Improved Automatic Saw sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW MILL MACHINERY!
STEAM FEED | as ccc og

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, See or Double Uir
I would also call special attention to my

for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
Heavy Circular Saw Mills

ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be
and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam

Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lu
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Tri
Feed, having put inseveral which are givinz the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

mers, PowerGummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws.
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &e,

Horizonial Engines and Boile

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Esq, Peterborough.

DEAR StR—I have used your Steam feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
Jonging toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. Il am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider 1 have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst,

CORLISS

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
= with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel —
" ‘justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish |
on this Engine wiil ba no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel. —
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power —
per hour, L10

il
i

| ie

ih

an a
ToRONTO, August llth, 1880, ie ° iy
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont. “ a ‘i

DEAR SIR—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly. Yours, &c,,

2 THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

WIiE.ILAWE EI A WEI: TON,
PHTHRBOROUGH, ONT.

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only a single saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the whee]. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was s0 uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, bowever, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock,
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of all in use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are:

12x4 )
ne 10x} ) 12x}
8x4 meth .
Lanta, HE Laine HEEL Balin
OXB ioc j 12x}? .

12x J

Probably more wheels 12xj, 12x} and 12x} are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gamming Wheels ere used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x1}._ The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won't touch it.
The answer is that, you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will sbape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly asecond time (after going all over It once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale,

A QuUBSTION OF QO ATT ye

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almostevery use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the * Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved On wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish TY
qualities to match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Tanite Wheel of similar quality. Our regular

classification of Saw Gumming Wheels Is as follows: :

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—Tbis Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-elghths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class 2”
1t outs fast and keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. gWe prefer the “ Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as ‘* Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jimer in grain and softer than either of the above. As a Saw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” u |
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat. ¥ |

Mllustrated Cirenlars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.

The Tanite Co, Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

.

PUBLISHED )}
SEMI-MONTHLY. §

{ SUBSCRIPTION
1 $2.00 PER ANNUM.

W OL. fF.

CT

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

oO

At de

PETERBOROUGH, ON

A Mr. BEAcH is arranging to build paper and
pulp mills at Eau Claire, Wis., the cost of
which will be from $50,000 to $60,000.

Ir is reported that a regular army of pine
hunters are ransaking the north shore of Lake
Superior and extending their limit as far west
as the prairies in search of any odd groves of
timber which Uncle Sam may have left.

Every Virginian over ten years of age is asked
by the State Commissioner of Agriculture to
celebrate the Yorktown centennial by planting
a walnut or other tree, either in the yard, field,
forest, or roadside. A sensible idea.—Boston
Post.

Joun McGrecor, of Midland, has closed a
contract with C. H. Plummer, of Saginaw, for
320 acres of pine timber land on the Au Gres
river, the consideration being $12,500. It is
calculated that the tract will produce 5,000,000
feet of pine.

In Sonoma county, Cal., a railway track
crosses a deep ravine upon the upright trunks
of the trees, which have been sawed off upon a
horizontal line. In the centre of the ravine a
firm support is furnished by two huge redwood
trees, which have been cut off seventy-five feet
above the ground.

At Parishville, St. Lawrence county, N.Y.,
are the largest butter-tub factories in the Em-

_ pire State. About 4,000,000 feet of lumber are

worked up into tubs each year, the industry fur-
nishing constant employment to one hundred
and fifty men. The tubs are made mostly of
spruce, brought down the St. Regis rivéifrom
_ the Adirondack region during the spring freshets.

Tue Quebec correspondent of the Montreal
Moniteur du Commerce says that the transporta-
tion of square timber from the Upper Ottawa
by the Q. M. O. & O. railway has succeeded
perfectly. From the 20th to the 31st of August
there arrived at Quebec by this route 116 cars
Containing about 1400 pieces. We congratulate
the management of the company upon this
result,

_ THe Menominee Herald says :—The Kirby-
Carpenter crmpany will have cut 65,000,000 feet
Of lumber by the close of navigation. The Lud-
“ington, Wells & Van Schaick company will show

aecale of W),000,000 feet of lumber, while the

mills on this side of the beautiful river will
increased their last year’s cut. It is safe
the cut of the Menominee mills at 155, -
fect.

ties by the farmers of the vicinity, and stacked
and dried in the yard. Considerable birch is
also brought from along the line of the Grand
Trunk railway. The machine takes the sticks
in the rough, and the spools roll out at the other
end. The amount of birch manufactured into
spools in this State is very large, the product
finding sale largely in Connecticut at from seven
to forty cents a gross, according to size.

THE Timber Trades Journal, of August 27th,
says:—We were congratulating the trade last
week on the return of the chartering market to
its usual routine, in the employment of a pre-
ponderance of sailing tonnage, but this week
again turns the scale heavily the other way. Of
seventy-one ships arrived (timber laden) forty-
five are steamers, and some of these bring 400
to 600 standards. If it is important that the
deficiency of the spring supply should be made
up all at once, this may be matter for satisfac-
tion to the trade, but the inarket is less liable to
be disturbed when theimportation is more evenly
distributed in sailing vessels.

A HarrispureG paper calls attention to the
maple and hemlock forests of Pennsylvania, and
remarks that there has never been the right kind
of enterprise to render those woods as important
and useful as they merit. It isclaimed that the
maple wealth of the Keystone State is as great
as that of black walnut once was, if properly
handled, because the wood is hard and can be
utilized to produce a beautiful effect in building
and furniture. There is an enormous supply of
maple in Pennsylvania, and it is predicted that
sooner or later it will become one of the most

‘profitable sources of industry in the State.

THE tolls of the Sturgeon Bay, Wis., ship
canal this season will amount to $30,000, and
it is stated that the company never expected
more than $15,000 for any season. This favor-
able showing is made despite the fact that many
masters go through the canal light, and return
with their loads of lumber and other cargoes
round by the hwy and lake, fearing to pass
through the canal on account of the low stage of
water, which now has an average depth of only
twelve feet. The work of deepening is going

| on, and it is anticipated that by October 15 the

depth will be fourteen feet. The docking of the
sides will soon be completed. When the work

is fully accomplished and the greatest intended |

depth of water secured, the use of the canal will
greatly augment, and the receipts for tolls must
far exceed the most sanguine expectations of the
projection.

The Northwestern Lumberman says :—The fol-

works of Lyford & Tebbetts, at Locke’s | lowing report of the area of vacant lands in the
Me., turns out from 200 to 400 gross of | upper peninsula, made to the State commissioner
a day. The material used is white birch, | of Michigan, will be of interest to log and lum-
is brought to the factory in large quanti-' ber operators. The number of acres is set’down

T., 0

kinae, 78,000 ; Schooleraft, 137,500 ; Delta, 135, -
340 ; Marquette, 233,600 ; Menominee, 45,800 ;
Baraga, 62,000 ; Houghton, 69,000 ; Keweenaw,
4,000 ; Ontonagon, 363,000; Isle Royale, 14,640
—a total of 1,415,480 acres. The land in Chip-
pewa, Mackinac, Schoolcraft, Baraga, Hough-
ton, Keweenaw, Ontonagon and Isle Royale
counties is all subject to private entry at $1.25
per acre, as are also 100,940 acres in Delta, 195, -
000 in Marquette, and 27,300 in Menominee
counties. The balance of land in these
counties—34,400 acres in Delta, 28,600 acres
in Marquette, and 18,500 acres in Meno-
minee counties—are subject to pre-emption and
homestead entries only. The past year has
witnessed an unprecedented demand for upper
peninsula government lands, and should the
sales continue at the same rate during the coming
twelve months, the amount of Uncle Samuel’s
possessions in that part of the State will be less-
ened almost one-half.

Indian Foresters.
The Luimberman’s Gazette says:—It is stated
by the early settlers of southern Michigan that

when they came the forests were so free of under-

brush and sapplings that a wagon could be driven
through the woods in any direction, which had
the appearance of well kept groves. The reason
given by the settlers for this condition of the
forests was, that the annual fires which were
promoted by the Indians, kept down the under-
growth and prevented the accumulation of debris.
Whatever was the cause, it is certain that a
change has taken place in the southern Michi-
gan forests since the advent of the white settlers.
The trees are denser and the saplings so thick
that it would be unpleasant riding a horse
through them, to say nothing of driving a team
with a wagon attached. The moral of this mat-
ter would seem to be that if the Indians could
keep the forests in such a condition that a fire
running through them would do good and not
evil, the smarter white man ought to be able to
do as much. But a white man is not an Indian,
and his time is taken up with something besides
taking care of the woods. The forests supplied
the wants of the Indians, and they had nothing
else to do but give them such care as was neces-
sary to promote their own safety and existence.

Southern Forests,

The New Orleans Democrat, in the course of
an article on southern timber and its superior
quality for manufacturing purposes, says we
They have been cutting timber in the counties
and parishes along Mississippi sound for a cen-

| tury or so, yet the latest forestry report shows
| that in these counties from 75 to 98 per cent. of

the area is wooded land. The greater portion
of the State is forest, the timber being of the
greatest variety—pine, ash, oak and cypress ;
while Mississippi, Florida and Arkansas are

| yards,

good fields for saw mills and lumber
New Orleans, indeed, is the centre of
the largest section of the wooded lands in the
Union, and will in time wrest from Chicago its
claim to be the lumber capital of the country,
and from Cincinnati the manufacture of furniture
boxes, etc. Inthe many estimates of the wealth

equally

|of the south this is something that has never

been included. There will be a department
especially devoted to southern woods at the At-
lanta exhibition. Here, certainly, Louisiana
ought to carry off the honor of making the best
display.

Pine Land Sales.

The Northwestern Lumberman says that Cook
& Dowling, of Montague, Mich., have recently
sold about 20,000,000 feet of stumpage, on the
line of the Chicago & West Michigan railroad,
near East Golden, to W. H. Bigelow & Co., of
Muskegon. The logs will all be taken to Mus-
kegon to be sawed, and Messrs. Bigelow & Co.
will begin cutting the timber at once. Mb. G.
A. Wagar, a well known Michigan lumberman,
has just bought 400 acres of what is known as
“*¢anal” land, in town 18-15, in connection with
which transaction there appears to be something
of a joke on a Chicago operator. The Canal
Company’s lands have been in the market for
some years, but Mr. C. Mears, of this city, was
supposed to own the only feasible outlet for the
timber, in consequence of which it is asserted
that he expected to absorb the land at his own
figures, or thereabouts. Certain other gentle
men, with a propensity for gathering up timber
land, have concluded that lumber is in sufficient
demand to warrant bringing out the logs from
this region by rail, and have quietly brought the
most of it up.

Wanton Destruction.

The wanton destruction of timber goes on
practically unchecked in the California Sierras.
To say nothing of the inroads made upon Goy-
ernment lands by usurpation, for lumber traffic,
vast quantities of valuable timber are annually
destroyed by cattle men and careless and wanton
campers. The former make a practice of setting
fire to great pine trees for the purpose of thin-
ning out the forests, thereby creating better
cattle ranges, and the latter are quite as de-
structive without any special motive. The Cali-
fornia Commercial Herald says: For months past
great fires have been burningin the forests beyond

| Truckee, and scores of fires are now nightly seen

throughout that region. The destruction caused
by these fires is very great, and will be seriously
felt in future years as the supply of lumber in
the more accessible places becomes materially
reduced.

MorHers do not drug your children with poisonous
epiates, in the form of Soothing Syrups, when one
bottle of Dr. Fowler’s Extract of Wild Strawberry will
allay all irritation of the stomach and bowels incident
to teething. Itis pleasant, mild, and harmless, and is
a positive specific for every form ofsummer complaint,
All dealers supply it at 37} cents per bottle.

i)

WHERE BIG TREES GROW. for economical production.

SEATTLE, Wyoming, Aug. 15.—Few persons
east of the continental divide know and appre-
ciate the forests of this region and of Oregon and
Washington Territories. In Eastern Washing-
ton and Oregon there are large tracts of timber
lands as yet untouched, save for the demand for

by the companies.

daily cutting capacity of each :—

oie Feet.

domestic uses, and which are awaiting the com-| Port Gamble ....-01-.1-csereeeeeeeeee serene 200,000
pletion of the routes of transportation now in| Port Ludlow..........:ssseeerereesereeres .. 225,000
progress. In the Blue Mountains of Hastern | Port Madison..........+.seeesereeeeserseeee . 100,000
Oregon, and in the Cascade Mountains along | Port Blakely.....sessesseeeeees Deinvl se Pee oe mkOU, OOD
the Takina, Clearwater, and other streams in| Port Discovery.....-+++svsseeseserererecsees eae
Eastern Washington, there is a sufficient quan- Seats RSDUGoC OUD Sane OS 19009082900 90000% 0d
lager abe SapPly all 18a demapa gad Tacoma and New TacoMa,.....sessereesereeee 102,000
leave a large surplus ee ae ee Seattle (Six Mills)..... MN cecscscesceccssevcces 150,000

<ota, and other markets. ————
a en ee Motaleaden te hes FO AS ee a 1,102,000

But it isto Puget Sound that the lumberman
of the future must look for the material with
which to supply his mills. There is a district
of country extending from the Columbia river
north to and into British Columbia, and from
the Pacific Ocean to the Cascade range, and sur-
rounding the waters of Pugent Sound, which is
almost entirely covered with one of the finest
bodies of timber in the world. There one can
see a whole forest of such tall, straight, gently
tapering fir trees as would gladden the heart of
aship-master, and can travel scores of miles
through gigantic lumber trees, ready for the
logger’s axe and saw.

The Sound district comprises a tract about 200
miles in length, with an average width of 100
miles. Estimating one-half the growth to be
lumber trees, and to make 25,000 feet of lumber
per acre, gives the approximate original amount
of standing timber at 160,000,000,000 feet. De-
ducting from this the amount already cut, which
is estimated at 2,500,000,000 feet, leaves now
standing approximately 157,500,000,000 feet.
The timber consists chiefly of pine, with con-
siderable quantities of fir, spruce, cedar and red-
wood, and a small supply of white oak, hemlock

mills.

timber.

965.99 tons.
is 162, with a total of 20,083.28 tons.

from the Atlantic sea-board,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Some of them form
towns in themselves, with dwellings, stores,
shops, steam tugs, and lumber vessels, all owned
The largest, situated at
Port Ludlow, has a daily capacity of 225,000
feet. Following is a list of the mills, with the

The custom at nearly all the mille is to await
the receipt of an order and saw the lumber to
fill it, and one can frequently see a fleet of half
a dozen or more vessels loading at once with
lumber fresh from the saws of these mammoth
Shipbuilding is an industry of consider_
able importance on the sound in connection with
the lumber interest, as nearly all the vessels
engaged in the trade are built here of native
The first vessel built on the sound was
a sloop of 14.68 tons, in 1858. From that time
the number has increased yearly, with 12 vessels
built in 1864, aggregating 753.30 tons; 19 ves.
sels in 1869, 1,952.10 tons ; 14 vessels in 1879,
The whole number built since 1858

The day seems not far distant when the west-
ern half of the American continent, at least,
will look to Puget Sound for its entire lumber
supply, and with the completion of the routes of
transportation projected and in course of con-
struction, lumber can be furnished to points as
far east as the Mississippi river at less cost than

The waters of the Sound are recognized as the
finest harbor in the world, and fleets of lumber

THE ENGLISH TRADE.
The London Tiniber Trades Journal says:—
The aspect of the timber trade may be said to be
quite as favorable at the present time as that o
most others. There is no expectation of an
considerable rise in prices, nor any apprehensior
of a serious fall, Some importers will find them-
selves shorter of stock at the end of the season
than they would desire, while others will wish
they had not bought quite so freely. But as a
rule the trade will probably be fairly well sup-
plied, and they are likely to get a fair remunier-
ative profit on the business they do. There isa
short importation of Russian stock up to dat
amounting to about a third part of the 5
shortage of import compared with last year,
there is no want of Russian deals exhibited by
the prices they fetch at the public sales. which
seldom exceed the cost of importation ; and as
the deficiency will no doubt be partly made up
before the season closes, it is not likely that
better prices than those now current will
obtained for deals from that region.
Our record of imports this week contains the
arrival of upwards of 770 cargoes of wood. In
London alone one hundred and thirty-six timber
laden vessels arriving within the compass of a
week’s return surpasses all that we have hitherto
had to record during the present or any other —
year in that way. But the great preponderance
as to numbers is with sailing ships, as not one-
third of them are steamers this time. Russia
and Russian Finland are now pressing forward
the arrears of the spring shipments, nor are
Sweden and Norway slow to avail themselves
of every occasion to get goods forward to this
country while the season is inviting. A few
more such weeks and the shortage as compared
with last year may melt into insignificance.
This sudden supply is extraordinary.

The Land Rage in Winnipeg.
The first thing that strikes the visitor before

Puget Sound is called the future great lumber
treasury of the United States.—W. Y. Times.

Sale of Timber Limits.

Ortawa, Sept. 20.—The announcement of ex-
tensive sales of timber limits on private account
brought together a large assembly of lumbermen
at the Grand Union Hotel this afternoon. The
following limits were disposed of :—The R. C.
Campbell limit on the Front Lake branch of the
Petewawa river, 39 square miles, sold to Wm.
Moore, of Tarbolton, en bloc, for $29, 500 ; Fraser
& McDougall limit, berths 164 and 169 on Big
Lake, River Des Moines, Quebec, 100 square
miles, sold to W. G. Perley, Ottawa, for $90, -
090 ; Frazer & McDougall limit, berths 165 and
168, 100 square miles, to Alex. Fraser, West-
meath, $59,000; Fraser & McDougall limit,
berth 167, 50 square miles, to E. B. Eddy, $15,-
500; berth 4, Deep river,-144 square miles, to
E. Micons $4,200. ° The following were offered,
but not sold:—Sir Francis Hinck’s limit, 50
square miles, between the Coulonge and the Des
Moines rivers, $110 per mile bid, limit with-
drawn; Brannen limit, so-called, offered on
account of Mr. McMaster, Toronto, being berth
No. 4, Kippewa, 50 square miles, $485 per square
mile bid, withdrawn ; berths 23, 53 and 51,
Nipissing, 26 square miles each, were withdtent
notwithstanding bids of $75,000 for the three
and $50,000 for one berth. The Nipissing limit,
berth 168, was’offered and withdrawn. Several
limits were offered for sale by Mr. Brewer, auc-
tioneer, alternately with Mr. Tackaberry, but
after spirited bidding they were withdrawn.
The prices realized and offered were good.

The following limits were disposed of by Mr.
Tackaberry in addition to those abovementioned:
Fraser & McDougall limits, berths 164 and 169,
to Perley & Pattee, for $90,000 ; berths 165 and
168, 100 square miles, and berth 166, 50 square
miles, to A, Fraser, for $59,000 and $36,000
respectively ; berth 167, 50 square miles, to E.

and maple.

height of 120 feet.

*“ overgrown.”
8,000 feet
“overgrown ” 7,000 to 15,000 fect.

sap”

The trees of this region show luxu-
riant growth. Tho yellow fir frequently attains
a height of 250 feet ; pine, 120 to 160 feet ; silver
fir, 150 feet ; white cedar, 100 feet ; white oak,
70 feet, and black spruce, 60 feet.
been found to measure 63 feet in girth, with a
The pine trees are known to
the lumbermen as of two varieties—‘‘
The ‘‘sap” tree yields 6000 to

lumber,

Cedars have

** over-
Of this tim-

ber is made of all grades of lumber—ship timbers,

fencing, pickets, railroad ties, barrel staves and
headings, household furniture, &c.—and the
product is shipped in large quantities to the
Pacific coast of South America, the Sandwich
Islands and Mexico, while some trade is done
with Australia, France and England.

The first saw-mill on Puget Sound was a
small water-power mill with capacity of about

1,000 feet of lumber daily. It was builtin 1851,

and was followed in 1853 by a steam mill erected
at Seattle, with capacity for cutting 8,000 to
10,000 feet per day. Since this time the busi-
ness has increased to more than 200,000,000 feet
of lumber per annum.
statement shows the production of the Puget

The following tabular

and

vessels, tug-boats towing logs, and steamships
plying between the various ports, carrying
passengers, mails, and freight are scen on all
sides. There are many desirable localities for
the establishment of factories for the manufac-
ture of barrels, pails and tubs, and of house
trimmings, such as doors, sash, blinds, mould-

ings, &e.

At Seattle, the most important town on the
sound, a large barrel factory has been for some
time in successful operation, the lumber used
Also at
Seattle are six saw mills, besides several mills
for dressing lumber and for the manufacture of
Nearly all the vessels en-
gaged in the lumber trade, as well as some of
those employed in the coal trade, from Seattle
All the wood
used in their construction from false-keel to top-
mast is pine of the various kinds, cut, sawed,
shaped and put in place in some instances
One sees on
the sound craft of all sizes, from the row-boat to
a schooner of 400 tons, built entirely of native
lumber, and within such easy distance of the
forest that their construction must of necessity

being a very fine quality of cypress.

builders’ trimmings.
ist

to San Francisco, are made here.

within a distance of half a mile.

B. Eddy, for $14,000. Deep river limit, berth
4, 14} square miles, to E. Moher, for $4,200.

limits were offered for sale, but were withdrawn
owing to the bidding not being sufficiently high :
Brannan limit, on the Kippewa, fifty square

miles, $495 per mile, offered and refused. Lake

Nipissing limits, berths 23, 43 and 51. 108 square

miles, $75,000 offered for the lot, and $50,000 for

the lot, and $50,000 for berth 23 and refused.
Mattawa limit, license 168, sixty square miles.
Kippewa limit, berth 63, 50 square miles, Mr.
Brewer also offered for sale’ several limits, but as
they did not bring the reserve price, they were
withdrawn.

American Poles in England,

In the House of Commons, recently, one of
the members asked the Postmaster-General
whether it is a fact that the Post Office Depart-
ment uses foreign timber only for telegraph
posts, whereas many railway companies use
home-grown timber for that purpose ; and, if so,
whether he will cause inquiry to be made as to
the relative price and value of home-grown and
foreign timber in different portions of the United

Buck and Stewart limits, 134 square miles, to
Perley and Pattee, for $3,700. The following

he has been six hours in Winnipeg is the tremen-
dous rage going on for speculationin land. This
rage is almost equal to the gold or diamond
fevers, and though the prospects of the city are
at present good, it is feared they may be injured
by the speculations which are going on, and
which are very cleverly manipulated by design-
ing speculators. Large sums of money are being
made, and one man, by no means one of the
largest speculators, has without doubt realized
$20,000 since the spring. Go where you will
there is nothing but land talked, and if you can-
not talk land you had better “‘ step down and
out,” for people will think you a fool. Knots
cluster around the hotels and in every public
place, and with all the one absorbing topic is—
Land! Auction sales go on every evening, and
lots are sold not only in Winnipeg, but all over
the country. People rush in and buy lots that
they know no more about than the man in the
moon, and the following bears this out :—At a
sale of lots recently, a little boy between 13 and
14 edged his way through the crowd, and going
up toa gentleman interested in land, who by
the way is brother of the worthy Sheriff of York,
pointed out to him on a map two lots, and asked
if they were good ones. The gentleman sad

Sound district at different periods, in 1,000 feet, | be economical. The time is coming when one

yes, andiasked why he wanted to know. ‘‘ Well,”

value and ayerage price per 1,000 feet :—

Thousand Average ] Washington Territory will be the building of
Beare: ACO pelue: Price. | ships upon the shores of her beautiful and land-
1855-56. .csec.eseee 10,287 $ 159,448 $15 50 eekeatenn
1865-60. ..000. 0.00. 49,113 500,531 AOMEG | ce toe
1877-78............ 154,078 1,474,526 9 57| Jiverything here seems to favor the lumber-
1878-79...... .177,411 1,680,082 9 47| man. He has no severe winter weather to con-
RASO-BIRKIE eset. 209,542 1,969,694 9 40| tend with. The forest reaches to the shores of

It will be noticed that the price has steadily
fallen, which is due to the increased number of
inills, to competition, and to increased facilities
for handling logs and lumber.

The export trade has rapidly increased, and
from the best data obtainable is shown as fol-

lows :—
BOARDS, DEALS,

JOISTS, &C. — LATH, PALINGS, swollen streams during the spring rise, and with

Thousand TICKETS, &c, Total | in danger of a sudden rise breaking’a “b 2]
Years. Feet. Value. Value. Value, wage x BS i:
1855-56. ..+.s- 2,288 $35,448 vsacee $35,448 and scattering the labor of months.
1856-57. ws... 4,320 64,800 $ 445 69,245 In this description the heart only of the lum-
1865-66. ......10,914 DIL LOG! theca 111,196 | ber country has been taken. To the north it
1868-69. ...... 19,314 183,483 5,505 188,988 | extends into the British possessions, although
US77-78 tenn 34,532 880,800/00 meces 330,800 } after passing Frazier river the growth is not so
1878-79. ...... 36,236 343,491 18,307 361,798 | good. Taking into consideration the vast quan-
1880-81. ...... 40,136 377,278 25,802 403,080

The mills of the Sound are some fifteen in
pumber, and they are most desirably situated

of the greatest and most profitable industries of

the sound, which are not abrupt or precipitous,
but incline gradually to the water.
streams flow into the Sound, the waters of which

have no current except such as is caused by the
action of the tide, and logs are easily towed to
Thus is avoided the delay, dangers

any point.
and expense of a severe winter season spent in

the woods, and the ‘‘driving” down rapid and

tity of material, the excellence of harbor, and

the economy with which mills, factories and

hip-yards can be supplied, it is no wonder that

Numerous

Kingdom, with a view to directing the use of
home-grown timber where such a course can be
adopted with advantage or without prejudice to
the public service. Mr. Fawcett replied that
the telegraph poles were of foreign timber, and
he found that foreign timber was also used by
the railway companies for similar purposes. The
reason why foreign timber was preferred was the
greater durability arising out of what was known
as the creosote process, which made it last much
longer than home-grown timbér.—WNorthwestern
Lumberman.

said the boy, “I’ve saved $25 round the hotel,
and I’m going to invest it inland, and I thought
I'd pay so much on these, and sell them as soon
as there was arise.” The gentleman showed
him some lots which he thonght he could do
better with, and the boy departed to think over
the matter.—Globe Cor.

Worthless Stuf,

Not so fast my friend ; if you could see the
healthy, blooming men, women and children that have
been raised from beds of sickness, suffering and almost
death by the use of Hop Bitters, you would say
“Glorious and invaluable remedy.”—Philadelphia
Times.

Now THAT THE TRAVELLING SRASON IS AT HAND,
traveller should be without a bottle of Dr. Fowler's Ex-
tract of Wild Strawberry, to counteract the bad effects of
the change of climate, water, and diet; fruitful s :
of bowel complaints. Wild Strawberry is a sp
for sea sickness, nausea, vomiting, colic, cholera
bus, diarrhwa and dysentery. Contains no opiate
pleasant to the taste, and certain in its affects,
cents per bottle. Ask your druggist for it.

—_——_——__>-@

No TRvuTH 1s CLEARER than that Scriptural declara-
tion :—“The blood is life. * * * and the
shall be for the healing of the Nations.” Bu
Blood Bittersis purely vegetable, and makes pure
renovates, invigorates, and restores the system
impoverished by disease. One ey at a
cost of one dollar, will convince the most
these assertions,

Tur Evart Review thinks every man in the
country is fortunate who is the owner of hem
lock land. For both timber, manufactured
lumber and tanbark, the hemlock is growing
rapidly into favor in all the great lumber mar-
kets abroad. Every man who is the owner of a
good piece of hemlock land should not part with
it at anything like present prices, It is a good
investment, in fact, one of the best that any
man can make in the way of buying timber
land.

Tnry ALL pO 1t.—Everybody uses “‘TBABERRY” for

the teeth and breath, the newest, aa osiest
little toilet gem « extant, Try a 5 cent sempl ie.

$

-,

BOILER EXPLOSION.

SAD RESULT FROM A DEFECTIVE GAUGE OR CARE-
LESSNESS OF STEAM.

BELLEVILLE, Sept. 24.—A shocking thrashing
machine accident occurred in Thurlow yesterday
afternoon. A local paper publishes the follow-
ing particulars :—

One of the most terrible and fatal accidents
that ever occurred in this vicinity took place
yesterday afternoon between 6 and 7 o’clock,
at the farm of Mr. George Caldwell, eighth con.
of Thurlow, and about one and a half miles
east of Zirous Hills) Mr. Owen Reeds steam
thresher had been engaged during the day by
Mr. Caldwell, and through some defect of the
faugeor carelessness on the part of the engi-
neer the head of steam carried was not fully
known. The consequence was that the boiler
of the thresher exploded with terrific force,
tearing everything into pieces and scattering
death and destruction on all sides. Inson,
thresher, who was engaged near the cylinder at
the time the explosion occurred, was struck by
pieces of the shattered engine, and his skull was
badly crushed. He died almost instantly.
Andrew Lloyd, who was also near by, was
blown fully twenty-five yards from the engine,
and his abdomen was torn open so that his
bowels protruded. Death was almost instan-
taneous in his case. Also Wm. Malcoim, son
of Mr. Wm. Malcolm of this city, and who
was formerly foreman .of the gas house here,
was instantly killed. He was employed on the
machine and was a promising ‘young man of
about twenty years. Miss Viola Caldwell,
daughter of Geo. Caldwell, aged eleven, who
_ was near the machine watching the operations,

was struck by a piece of the engine and her

neck broken. She, too, died in a few moments,
But these casualities, horrible as they are, did
not complete the injuries inflicted upon life and
limb. Mr. Caldwell was seriously, but not
fatally wounded. Henry Garvin was danger-
ously injured, and maydie. C. Gerkin was also
painfully injured. The engine was shattered
into a hundred pieces, and part of it was driven
into the barn, setting fire to the straw. By
great efforts the flames were extinguished be-
fore it had done much damage. The scene at
the barn after the accident baffles description,
The writer got his information from an eye-
witness who describes the anguish of the bereav-
ed friends as heartrending in the extreme.
While some cared for the wounded, others gath-
ered about the mutilated forms of the killed
and rent the air with their cries. Strong, active
men, who, a few moments ago were exchanging
greetings and anticipated nothing but happi-
ness, lay upon the ground bleeding and dead.
The little girl Viola was not mutilated, and her
death was so sudden that her countenance re-
tained a natural expression in death. All
around were broken and splintered parts of the
engine. The shadesof night closed over one of the
saddest and crushing scenes ever witnessed in
this part of Canada. Mr. Geo. Caldwell, who
suffers such a terrible loss by this accident, is a
brother of Dr. Caldwell dentist, of this city,
and is a widower of about 48 years. He owns
a farm of 200 acres, and is a prosperous farmer,
His mother resides with him.

_ Larer.—Further particulars of the threshing
) machine disaster show that Mr Caldwell was

not injured, and that it was not his daughter,

but her cousin Viola or ‘* Lotia,” who was

killed. The two children were sitting with
arms intertwined when the explosion took place.
A portion of the boiler struck Lotie, killing
her instantly, and Helen was severely scalded.
The little one who was killed was a daughter of
David Caldwell, a brother of George. The
body of Andrew Lloyd was thrown 192 paces,
and that of Malcolm nearly as far. Gavan,
who was injured, is already able to be about,
bat it is feared that Helen Caldwell will die,
@8 the inhaled 2 quanity ot steam. Inson, the
cor , was thirty-two years of age and had
bree children. We lived in Thurlow. Lloyd
Was about twenty-five years of age, unmarried,

d lived in the village of Plainfield. Malcolm
about twenty years old, and lived in Belle-
le. Largf peices of the boiler were blown
) fields adjoining, and were picked up at
tances from 2) to “WY yards from the scene

2aP

THE CANADA

’

LUMBERMAN. rs 3

BUSH FIRES.

The following extract from an essay on
Forestry by Bucke Withan, of Ottawa, is of
interest and value at the present time ; ‘“The en.
ormous waste from bush fires is quite incredible
to those who have not witnessed their devasta-
tion. These originate through careless settlers
and hunters, who camp in the woods, and some-
times, though rarely, by the lumbermen them-
selves, or by surveyors who make smtidges to
ward off the attacks of flies and mosquitoes.
These fires started during a dry season are
stopped only by large streams, lakes, swamps,
or by heavy continuous rains. The fires leave a
barren waste, and are only replaced by a scrub
growth of birch or popular. Stringent laws
have been passed by the Ontario Government
against orginators of fires, but unfortunately no
sufficient machinery has been created to put
these laws in force, though petitions have from
time to time been forwarded to the Government
by the millowners and the lumbermen. It is
estimated that more timber has been destroyed
by bush fires than has been exported althogether
from the country. It is evident that if these
fires could be suppressed and the young trees
which are left on the pine lands after the large
timber hag been cut out could be protected and
allowed to grow up, a valuable forest would be
formed for a continuous supply if to this were
added some systematic scheme by the Govern-
ment for planting on its waste lands, it is not
yet too late to recuperate the pine timber forests
of this country. To further the proposed
undertaking it would be well to import a few
practical foresters, in order that their wisdom,
acquired by the old, might be utilized in the
new world. The increase in the revenue derived
from the Crown lands dues by the Government
could be profitably expended in protecting and
fostering the timber interests on the public
domain. The staff of twenty or thirty rangers
at present employed by the Government have
done inestimable service, but it is obviously im-
possible for such a small staff of but partly em-
ployed men to ascertain the origin of destructive
conflagrations. The writer would therefore
suggest that the Government appoint perman-
ently the required number of wood rangers or
inspectors, that one or more constables be em-
ployed for every limit of 100 miles square.”
Whose duty should it be to apprehend and re-
port to the ranger or other officer any case of
violation of Crown timber regulations, especial-
ly with regard to fires. At present the regula-
tions are very good, but*there is no one specially
to enforce them, saving the few rangers referred
to. Mr. Hotchkiss, who compiled the timber
article for the United States census, states that
at the present rate of cutting the Canadian
supply of timber will give out about the same
time as that of the United States, that is, in
about thirty or forty years. Hence the timber
trade of the continent will thence be transferred
to the Pacific slope. One of the largest mill-
owners on the Ottawa informed the speaker that
he thinks there will not be any pine for expor-
tation from Canada twenty years hence.
Should this Province, therefore, wish to retain
her timber interests there must be no delay in
dealing with the question.

The circulation of the blood has been demon-
strated by the microscope, and the proof of the
circulation of Esterbrook’s Pens is that they
are found everywhere,

KIT A

FLEMING:SON

rN TEN NX
ELECTRO& STEREO TYPE
25 COLBORNE ST.
SCOEBORNE ay

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, ahd not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.
FLEMING & SON,
114 26 Colborne St., Toronto,

TorONTO

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent,

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope, ‘111

AUCTION SALE

Twenty-one Hundred Acres
; OF VALUABLE

CEDAR & PINE LANDS

Will be offered for sale by Public Auction, at Noon,

On Friday, 28th of Oct. Next

AT THE COURT HOUSE, IN THE

Town of Lindsay

Being Nine Hundred Acres in the Township of Somer-
ville; and Six Hundred Acres in the Township of
Fenelon ; and Six Hundred Acres in the Township of

Bexley.
Dated 24th September, 1881.

DENNISTOUN BROS. & HALL,
Solicitors, Peterborough.

AUCTION SALE

OF VALUABLE

Timber Limits

Situated near Lake Nipissing.

Union Street, - - - Carleton,

Warerooms, Water Street,

ST. JOHN, N. B.
Allan Brothers

(Late of Harris & Allen)

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF

Steam Engines
MILL MACHINERY.

Ships Windlasses, tron Capstans

and Ships CASTINGS of all kinds.

Ships Cambooses & Cabin Stoves
COOKING AND HEATING

SS LE Oy Wasa

Shop, Office and Parlor Stoves, and Franklins.

2123

Notice is hereby given that (if not previously dis-
posed of by private bargain) the following Valuable
Timber Limits will be offered for sale at Public Auction
at The Mart, 57 King St. East, in the CITY OF
TORONTO, on

Wednesday, 5th of Oct. Next

AT THE HOUR OF NOON, VIZ.:
Sq. Miles.
Berth No. 23, on the River Bueve, near Lake

Agricultural Implements.

BRASS CASTINGS.

Tin, Sheet Iron and Copper Ware for SHIP and
L22-ly HOUSE use.

Nipissing, comprising..................-. 36
Berth No. 43, on the River Wannapitac, near
Lake Nipissing, comprising............... 36
Berth No. 51, on the River Wannapitac, near
Lake Nipissing, comprising............+... 36
liNeiblecoondadoco ban doousoMdaenadh 108

Special Offer to

LUMBERMEN

To any person sending me this
advertisement and $25 within
the next 60 days, I will send a
m Genuine WALTHAM, or

aie ELGIN WATCH.

in 6 ounce sterling Silver Cases,

4 Gold Joints, with a Written Guar-

ive’): antee for three years.

F.CRUMPTON
83 King St. East, Toronto.

These limits contain, in the aggregate, a large quan-
tity of magnificent pine timber.

Berth No. 23 is estimated—as the result of a recent
exploration—to contain a quantity of trees sufficient to
produce at least half a million cubic feet of square tim-
bez, besides two hundred and fifty thousand standard
saw logs. The river is available for driving to Lake
Nipissing.

There is a good mill site on the Bueve river, about
three miles from Lake Nipissing.

Lumber could be transferred thence by water to the
Callender station of the Canada Central Railway, the
foe which is projected to pass directly through this

imit.

The owners reserve the right to dispose of either or
all of them by private bargain in the meantime, and
will be ready to consider any offers that may be made.

Persons desiring further particulars are invited to
communicate with the undersigned.

F. W. COATE & Co. SMITH, SMITH & RAE,
L23-1t Auctioneers. Solicitors, Toronto.

THE KEY TO HEALTH.
BIRD

_Any article in Watches, Clocks,
Diamonds, Jewellery, Silverware,
B. etc., sent to any part of Canada,

and Satisfaction Guaranteed or
Xr Money Refunded.

We make a specialty
of Presentations. :

Watch Repairing and
Jewelry manufactured
by best workmen only,
at reasonable prices.

y

Unlocks all the clogged avenues of the
Bowels, Kidneys and Liver. carrying
off gradually without weakening the system,
all the impurities and foul humorsgof the
secretions ; at the same time Correcting
Acidity of the Stomach, curing Bili-
ousness, Dyspepsia, Headaches, Diz-
ziness, Heartburn, Constipation,
Dryness of the Skin, Dropsy, Dim-
ness of Vision, Jaundice, Salt Rheum,
Erysipelas, Scrofula, Fluttering of
the Heart, Nervousness and General
Debility ; all these and many other simi-
lar Complaints yield to the happy influence
of BURDOCK BLOOD BITTERS.

Sample Bottles 10c ; Regular size $1.

For sale by all dealers.
T, MILBURN & CO., Proprietors, Toronto

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

THE CANOE ISLANDS.

They are found only on the latest local map
of Lake George, these isles of the blest—that is
to say of the American Canoe Association.
Some five miles northward from Crosbyside they
rest ; three of them—blue in the haze, green in
the sunshine on the waters of the most enchant-
The second week of
August saw them the centre of the canoeing
Thitherward under sail and paddle
came sun-browned, blue-shirted ones, from as
far west as Wisconsin, and as far east as Maine.
Most of them had been some days or weeks on
the way, taking their vacations in the open air ;
eruising in their canoes by day, and sleeping in
There
were clergymen, lawyers, doctors, journalists,
manufacturers, foundrymen, merchants,stucdents
for the
A. C. A. is eminently Catholic in its scope, and
says ‘‘no” toa candidate for admission to its
ranks only on the most obviously objectionable

ing of American lakes.

interest.

them or in tents beside them by night.

and all the other trades and professions ;

grounds.

Gradually the main island assumed the appear-
ance of a considerable camp, while the second in
size was appropriated by the Cinncinnati club,

_ which sent the largest single delegation, and was
in itself the centre of a life and enthusiasm that

were unknown upon the main island.

Among the most notable of the arrivals early
in the week was that of the Canadian contingent,
They
arrived in the midst of a heavy blow from the
northward, the sea running quite high and the
The Canadians
use the open hunting canoe, built on the general
lines of the aboriginal ‘‘ birch,” but beautifully
finished in bass, cedar dnd other woods, and
The
voyageurs had come down the Dominion rivers

hailing from Peterborough and Ottawa.

lake covered with whitecaps.

polished like highly finished cabinet-work.

and Lake Champlain, bringing their camp equip-

age with them, and in the eyes of canoeists from

lower latitudes the dainty craft were weighed
down perilously low in the water. It seemed

like harnessing a high-spirited racer to a lumber

wagon, this loading a light and graceful creature
with five or six times its weight of men and ma-
terial. On they came, however, rising cork-like
over the seas, the long-bladed paddles flashing,
and lithe, muscular forms of the Canadians
bending to the work as it became necessary to
veer to one side or the other in order to avoid
an unusually threatening series of waves. Pres-
ently they swept round into the lee of the island,
saluted gracefully with their paddles in answer
to the cheers from the shore, then landed, and
in an hour or so had their tents pitched, and the
Union Jack of England flying at their landing.

These Canadians carry home with them the
hearty admiration of their American brethren.
With two centuries of canoeing behind them
they came down to Lake George as modestly as
if they expected to learn something from us
neophytes ; and when the leader, Mr. Edwards,
of Peterborough, was unanimously chosen Vice
Commodore of the association for the ensuing
year, he actually protested against it as too
great an honor.

Wednesday was announced by the local press
and on the hotel bulletins as ‘“‘ladies’ day,” and
the camps and canoes were prepared for inspec-
tion. The canoes, with all sail set, were taken
out of water and arranged in line along the main
path of the island, everything being ship-shape
and man-o’-war fashion so far as practicable,
By the middle of the forenoon visitors began to
arrive with their escorts from the various hotels
on the mainland, and presently the wooded
island was gay with bright dresses and parasols,
which went from boat to boat and from tent to
tent, full of interested curiosity about every de-
tail of camp life. The ingenious contrivances
in the way of portable stoves, compact cooking-
kits, and all the appliances to which canoeists
resort to increase comfort while taking up but
little room, were fully explained.

Thursday, the opening day of the races, saw
the prettiest sight of the week. The wind was
favorable, and nearly half a hundred fairy craft
yan down to Crosbyside under sail. Every style
of rig, standing, balance and Chinese lugs, lateens
like those of the Italian felucca, leg-o’muttons,
plain boom, gaff and sprit sails, all were filled by
the northerly breeze, and the lower reaches of
the lake were thickly sprinkled with white sails
and the flashing blades of paddles. One upset

followed.

races.
The ceremonies ended on Saturday night with
a supper tendered by Mr. Crosby, of the Crosby-

gramme of regatta week.

The Association may now be regarded as an
accomplished fact. Its membership is about
150, and its composition is as unexceptional, its
purposes as healthful and health-giving as can
readily be in any such organization.

other athletic association in the land.
retary is M. C. A. Neide, Slingerlands, N.Y.

may perhaps be appropriately said in conclusion,
The term does not properly describe the craft,
to find a terse definition of the word.
aboriginal canoe, ‘‘ birch”
paddle is perhaps the purest type, but modern

ingenuity turns out a boat which is in all essen-
[t is fitted with sails, lock-
ers, watertight life-saving compartments, is

tials a little yacht.

decked over, affords comfortable sleeping accom-
modations for its crew of one, and is in all re-
spects a safe and convenient vessel in which to
cruise on lakes and rivers, and along the sea
coast. Long and in some cases adventurous
voyages have been made with its aid, and the
accidents have been remarkably few. The
whole life of the canoeist indeed teaches self-
reliance and readiness under all circumstances
to act promptly and with judgment.

Eternal vigilance is the price of dry flannels
in a canoe cruise, and readiness of resource is a
characteristic of the canoeist as it is of the sailor.
No out-of-door sport that is worthy the name is
without its dangers, and anything that will
within reasonable bounds foster a spirit of health-
ful adventure must tend to develop a finer
quality in the manhood of the race. Base ball,
cricket, rowing, tennis and the other stock of
out-of-door gymnastics have their times and
seasons, but the canoe takes rank in some re-
spects—in many, as its disciples believe—above
them all. It brings its devetee nearer to nature,
and opens to him possibilities of pure and gen-
uine recreation such as none of the others can
afford.—By Charles Ledyard Norton, in the
Christian Union.

The Timber Used For Matches.

Five hundred and fifty-five thousand hours of
each successive day are spent in by the inhabi-
tants of Europe in striking lucifer matches upon
the box and otherwise. The computation is
based upon the following curious statisties :—
Europe, continental and insular, consumes two
milliards of matches daily. Assuming that each
several act of ignition occupies the brief period
of one second—and we have reason to believe
that it is rarely performed in a shorter time—it
will be obvious to every ready reckoner that the
above mentioned amazing number of hours must
be diurnally devoted to the production of arti-
ficial light by friction, in our quarter of the globe
alone. This is food for much quaint speculation
in the seemingly anomalous fact that
Europeans dispose of nearly sixty-four per diem
in scraping tiny sticks, tipped with some inflam-
mable composition, upon sympathetic substances
of various descriptions. It is also interesting to
learn that four hundred thousand eubie yards of
timber and four hundred and twenty thousand
pounds weight of phosphorus are in annual re-
request for the manufacture of the seven hun-
dred and thirty thousand millions of matches
used up by Europe in the course of every year,

occurred, successfully and safely performed by
a member of the New York club, who subse-
quently distinguished himself by winning every
sailing race in which he started, and presently
all hands were at Crosbyside making ready to
participate in the three days’ regattas which

Of these I will say nothing save that, as was
appropriate, a Western son of Anak carried off
the two principal prizes assigned for the muscu-
lar paddle, while salt-water seamanship secured
the two which were assigned for the sailing

side Hotel, and on Monday the canoeists de-
parted for their respective homes, or for the
conclusion of cruises interrupted by the pro-

Sporting
characters, in the objectionable sense of the
term, ave unknown upon its rolls, and it seems
destined to fufill its mission of developing a
spirit of good fellowship and camaraderie which
can hardly be attained in like degree by any
The sec-

Of the recreation in its general aspects a word

and indeed the pundits of the guild are puzzled
The

or Kayae with its

DRY ROT IN TIMBER.

This disease, if it may be so termed, is still a
matter of doubt between naturalists who have
sought to explain the production of the fungi.
Some have maintained that the fungi producing
dry rot are spontaneously developed; others
that they are produced by seed taken up and
supported in the air, until favorable conditions
are presented, The fine powder which dis-
tinguishes dry rot is composed of myriads of
reproductive spores of the fungus. From a
mildew it assumes a delicate, white vegetation,
and afterwards a leathery appearance. The
fungi, over different materials, are of various
colors, sometimes reddish, violet, brown, at
others white or gray. It is well known that
very damp situations are not favorable to the
growth of the fungus. In dry situations it is
found to spread more rapidly, and we have seen
the sides of a party-wall covered with its fibrous,
cotton-like. texture, the roots or filaments ap-
pearing to have extended from the basement.
In this case the painting of the wall was in a
pulverizing state, and the skirting and flooring
covered by it. The situation was quite dry.
Absolute wet prevents its growth, but damp
combined with warmth appears to be favorable
to decay. One of the principal naval builders
of the Chatham, Eng., dockyard has said that
the destruction of timber by dry rot cannot take
place unless air, moistureand heat areall present,
and that the entire exclusion of any of these
three stays the mischief. Mr. Britton, in his
work on ‘‘ Dry Rot,” who quotes this opinion,
observes, ‘The admission of air has long been
considered the only méans of destroying the
fungus, but as this has frequently proved in-
effectual, it must not be always taken as a cer-
tain remedy.” He also says the air admitted
ought to be dry air, so as to absorb the moisture ;
it will then exhaust the fungus. But care should
be taken to let the air escape, and not allow it
to convey the seeds of the disease to other parts
of the building. Hence, the value of free venti-
lation behind all skirtings, dados, wainscotting
and floors in the first place. At eighty degrees
Fahrenheit dry rot proceeds rapidly, but at from
100° to 120° it is arrested. At low temperatures
it is also arrested. To prevent rot good season-
ing and ventilation are essential. Charring
after seasoning and coal-tar are recommended.
To cure dry rot a solution of corrosive sublimate
in water, an ounce to a gallon. used hot, or a
solution of sulphate of copper, half a pound toa
gallon of water, used hot, are good washes,—
Northwestern Lumberman. *

To Make a Frame House Cool.

The New York Tribune in a recent issue
recommends the following method for rendering
an ordinary frame house dry, warm and cool :—
““These conditions are obtained by the introdue-
tion of a mortar or concrete wall between the
upright timbers or ‘studding’ of the ordinary
balloon frame. The wall is very cheaply made,
the mortar being simply filled in between boards
loosely nailed on, and as soon as the first or
lower filling has set, the boards are taken off
and nailed on higher up, and the space again
filled. In this way, the filling process and re-
moval of the boards being repeated as often as
necessary, the wall may be carried up as high as
desired, whether to the roof, or only to the top
of the first storey, but the full height of the
studdingisbest. The plaster may be put directly
upon the interior surface of this wall, which of
course will be of the same thickness as the width
of the studding timbers, usually four inches, and
will be flush with them on both sides. But to
prevent the dampness which a solid wall with-
out an interior air-space would be sure to pro»
duce, strips of lath must be nailed up and down
on the outside of the house, and the siding nailed
to and through these strips. There will now
remain, when the siding is put on, a space of
about one-third of an inch between the siding
and the wall. This is not sufficient for a harbor
for rats and mice, while it is quite enough to in-
sure the retention of its warmth by the wall
during the winter night, at least in a sufficient
degree to prevent frost. On the other hand, the
heated condition of the outer surface of the siding
in summer will not be readily transmitted
through the non-conducting material of the wall,
which will therefore-maintain nearly the same
temperature day and night at all seasons."-—~

Py pa .

MORE BUSH FIRES.
A REPITION OF THE LATE SCENES IN MICHIG
—SEBIOUS CONELAGRATION.

CartHAGE, N.Y., Sept. 17.—The forest fires
which broke out on Thursday a few miles se
have been increasing ever since. Yesterday th

wind blew a gale, and the fire spread so raily
that many farmers were unable to remove #
crops and stock, which with many build
were burned. Hundreds of people have
employed for the past twenty four hours i
moving their household goods and farming im
ments to places of safety. The people of
village responded to calls for help to fight
fire until the streets were deserted. Three mer
named Kelly, Getman and Fl6od went into th
woods yesterday morning, and have not sine
been heard from. It is said that twenty houses
in the Irish settlement were burned since Thure-
day night. The grass and seed burn like ti
and the fire spreads with incredible rapidity it
the wind blows. The fireis at present approac
ing the cemetery through a swamp, and the peo-
ple are preparing to save it if possible. There
are no signs of rain.

Big Thing. '

American journals have heretofore enjoyed
the satisfaction of getting up the most mon-
strous and absurd things capable of being re-
duced to print, but they are fast losing ground
and Europe is coming to the front. The last
number of the Journal of Forestry, London, Eng.,
contains a most remarkable article translated
from the La Gaceta de la Indastria, of Spain ;
it reports :—‘‘ The Americans are projecting a
work exceeding in magnitude any which have
hitherto been dreamed of. They propose to
unite America to Europe by a railway tunnel
along the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. The
tunnel will be formed of an iron tube 5,600 kilo-
meters in length and 8 metres in diameter. To
enable it to resist the pressure to which it will
be subjected, the tube is to be 50 centimetres
thick and in sections 50 metres in length. De-
tailed information is given in regard to the pro-
posed operations of construction at the bottom
of the ocean, with notices of the arrangements
for securing telegraphic communication, electric
light and yentilation.. Mr. Edison, who is one
of the commission of engineers to which the pro-
ject has been submitted, has given assurance
that by means of an electric locomotive of his
invention the distance of 5,600 kilometres may
be travelled in fifty hours, and the colossal
undertaking, inclusive of rolling stock, is not to
cost more than 2,000 millions of frances.” The
Gaceta gives also a summary of a projected ex-
tension of the Moscow and Novogorod railway
by Orenburg and the river Ural to Orish,
European terminus end starting point of the
Asiatic line toward Tashkent-Kohlau,
desert regions requiring the construction of
numerous bridges, cuttings, tunnels and wo.
shops of corresponding magnitude, the fin
terminus being Pekin. It is spoken of as being
beyond doubt one of the greatest undertakings
of which human activity can conceive. ~

hrough

Blaze in a Lumber Yard. t

BakkIz, Sept. 15.—The lumber in Mayor
Ardagh’s mill-yard, situated on the bay shore
half way between here and Allandale, was di
covered on fire about noon to-day, and the
quickly sounded, but on account of the extremely
high wind blowing at the time, the flames }
made considerable headway before the fire engit
got over. The Northern Railway Company al:
sent their engine and a large number of m
from Allandale to the firemen’s :
They fought the battle well, and succeed i
keeping the fire within the lumber yard, al
the mill and many of the surrounding t
had a narrow escape. The loss on lum!
estimated at from $7,000 to $8,000. On
of the absence of Mr. Ardagh in Toronte
cannot be ascertained whether the lumber
insured or not. The origin of the fire is m
known, but is supposed to have been caused
a spark from the mill or a passing train,
Were man to comform more to the laws of}
and of nature, and be less addicted to the

of his ions, it would not be necessary to
Felloee’ Oompound Syrup of —

restorative for the power of the
would indeed be marvellous. .)

system, while the world’s progress

FOREST CULTURE ON THE PRAIRIES,
In a thickly-wooded country it is natural that
settlers should turn their chief efforts to getting
yalofthe timber. Only a very small portion of
jé can be utilized for building and fences ; the
yest is valuable only for the potash it will pro-
duce, This is true of the early settlements.
After awhile the merchantable timber, the black
walnut, where it happens to grow, the pine, the
oak, the bird’s-eye maple, are worth marketing.
At a further stage, such as that which the State
of New York has now reached, almost all kinds
‘of hardwood are valuable, not only to produce
heat, but for use in manufactures. Ina country
where the prairies are out.of all proportion to the
svoodlands, large,the necessities are of an cpposite
‘kind; instead of tree destruction, which is the
law of progress ineforest lands, tree planting is a
necessity. But there is, nevertheless, a natural
_ yeluctance to engage in it. To plant in autumn
or spring a crop that will be reaped in the coming
summer is what most strongly recommends itself
to the farmer. To plant and reap in a few
months is the sort of alternation that suits him
best. To plant trees which may be years in
arriving at maturity, which the planter may
never live to see fit for use or the market, offers
2 too remote chance of compensation for the
labor and patience expended, to make planting
_ trees an alluring enterprise. And besides tree
growing, which consumes a number of years,
raises a question of capital. If a farmer has no
capital which he can afford to invest without
the hope of a return for a number of years, he
- cannot go into forest culture, even with a strong
inclination to do so. ©
~ In such a state of things, forest culture needs
special encouragement. Bounties and freedom
from taxes have both been tried in the western
States, Insome cases a fixed sum has been paid
for every tree planted; but the temptation to
fraud which the premium held out sometimes
proved too strong to be resisted. This plan,
judged by its results, can scarcely be recom-
mended for adoption. The freeing of timber-
planted land from taxes is said to have answered
better ; but if frauds can be perpetrated under
one form of bonus, it is difficult to see why the
same evil may not happen under the other. To
be sure, a tree planted in the spring might have
its absence explained some months after, on the
_ plea that it wasdead. Taxes are payable every
year, and they would not be likely to be
- yemitted on land which the assessors did not find
devoted toforestry. Thereis, therefore, a reason
for preferring the remission of the tax. Whether
the remission of the municipal tax, where there
js no other, would prove sufficient, is a question.
It is clear that though the remission of state and
_ qmunicipal taxes might achieve the object desired,
the remission of the municipal tax only might
not bring equal success.
Another question should properly precede
this: Is it desirable to offer pecuniary encour-
agement for forest planting on the prairies, in
any form? This is an economical question with
a political side; and if it be determined in the
affirmative, then it is plain that any mode of
encouragement to be adopted should be sufficient.
And if it be not answered in the affirmative, it
would be a waste of time to discuss it. The
experience of other countries, notably the United

States, not dissimiliarly circumstanced, has de-

cided the question in the affirmative; and we
think it would be safe to allow that experience
to guide us a moderate distance in the direction
to which it points.

Tt will be much if men’s minds be imbued
“with the necessity and the desirability of tree
planting in our north-west. Nor should those
who could afford to do it wait for bonuses to
gupply the necessary stimulus to exertion. If
the distant hope of bonuses caused men to wait
‘ill they could get them, that hope might prove
@ discouragement instead of an encouragement.
Whether it will pay prairie farmers to grow
hes of forest, it will assuredly pay them to
trees for shelter for their cattle.

The effect of forests on climate remains to be
dered. The presence of trees is pretty well
tood to conduce to rainfall. Treeless
wide are sometimes barren, but by no means
ways. The Rocky Mountains, by their vary-
confiaration, regulate the rainfall in different
«4 on the eastern slope. They deflectthe
wads in particular directions, and leave some

-

Wet

gro

‘

be

*

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.
OOOO I, ee oar

| pelts of soil barren.

If the planting of forests
could correct this defect, which is scarcely prob-
able, it would be advisable to plant gradually up
to the barren belts first, and then invade them,
as a means of giving them the conditions of
fertility.

All that anyone can hope to do at present is
to attract attention to the subject of tree plant-
ing on the prairies. ~And this it will not be easy
to do, since the average prairie farmer in our
North-west has his attention so completely en-
grossed by matters of more immediate interest.
If nurserymen would turn their attention to
that quarter, something might be done. The
kind of trees suitable to be grown there would
have to be ascertained. As a rule, a much
greater variety than is actually grown for orna-
mental trees could easily be secured ; and though
the characteristic vegetation of each region ought
to be the chief concern, the attainment of the
widest possible variety is undoubtedly desirable.
—Monctary Times.

The Value of Lumber.

The Northwestern Lumberman can see nothing
to indicate why lumber will materially depre-
ciate in value, no matter at what time the period
may be placed. It is not reasonable to expect
that the great tide of emigratiou will lessen, so
long as this is a Republican Government, and
the countries from which the immigrants come
are governed by kings and queens. The foreign
element will erect houses, barns and fences upon
the plains that are now unsettled, and there is
no reason to suppose that they will cease to do
so until the western prairie States are settled as
thickly as Ohio and New York. The demand
for building material will increase. In cities
other materials will be used largely in place of
lumber, as they always have been; but on the
whole wooden buildings will be the rule, instead
of the exception, long after every person living
on the earth to-day shall have gone where, so
far as is known, there is no interest taken in
buildings built by hands. The future promises
no reduction in the cost of production; on the
contrary, it is almost absolutely certain that the
lumber cut from the logs that will be secured
the coming winter will cost more than that now
being sold. Provisions and grain will be higher
the hauls will be longer, and everywhere stump-
age is increasing in value. The boom in pine
lands is, of itself, indicative that the days of
cheap lumber are numbered, and no inconsider
able proportion of these lands are owned by men
who, if necessary, are not only willing, but able
to hold them.

Neither the demand nor the supply is an un-
certain quantity. The former goes on with a
stride that is increased from year to year, and
the latter can be figured out with much pre-
cision. The ratio of increase of the young tim-
ber can calculated, and the amount of standing
timber adapted for commercial purposes is pretty
well known. It is unlike the supply of iron and
coal in this respect. The beds of the latter may
run an unmeasurable distance underground, and
in directions least expected; but there is no
timber out of sight.

MACHINES TO DESTROY.
To the Editor of the Scientific American.

You have in your issue of September 3 an
article on ‘‘Fast Lumber Cutting in the Puget
Sound.” Yes, it is wonderful how we have pro-
gressed in wood cutting and wood working ma-
chinery, and we thereby cut up in ten years as
much lumber as formerly would have taken one
hundred years. We shall soon be in the same
fix with all our timber scarcity as you described
in an article lately on the black walnut. In
fifty years from now, it seems, we can break up
all our saw mills and wood working machinery,
as there will be no timber to cut unless some one
can come to our help and invent a timber grow-
ing machine. Are we not a great nation to
invent machinery to destroy,so as to turn every-
thing into cash.

G. H. TIMMERMAN,
St. Louis, Mo., September, 1881.

Zornsa,—A healthy man never thinks of his
stomach. The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkable
compound for clensing and toning the system, for
assisting the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
properly perform their duties in assimilating food.
Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of
your druggist. A few doses will surprise you.

5

WANTED.
CLERKSHIP IN SHANTY for Winter. Practical
knowledge of timber object more than salary. 4 year
experience in offices, 2in timber. Age nineteen. First
class references, Address “CLERK,” care of Canada
Lannberman, Peterborough, Ontario. L22

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALI
paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000 ; and above
percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. iy:16

PORT HOPE.
Is noted for its superior home-like comforts
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, an
large, well-furnished rooms, Good sample rooms
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.
b26 WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENEHURST,

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. lyila

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.
fe Every accommodation for Commercial

LUMBERMEN.
L14

and

W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURBST, ONT.
HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser haying purchased and- thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-

tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-

Free ’bus to and from trains and
b26

tentive hostler.
steamboats.

TRUSSES.

Ay) CLUTHE’S PATENT: SPIRAL TRUSS
f) all attachments improved. No more
g buckles, all on solid brass casting
Book on rupture and human frame free.
Send address in full post card, Best

- true information about rupture and
deformities. CHAS. CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
1183 King Street west, Toronto. 12113

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY

(ESTABLISHED 1856.)

iby) GivOSs,

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOP@DICAL
INSTRUMENTS. ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. L19-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.

GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.

EPPS $ GOGO

BREAKFAST.

“By a thorough knowledge of the natural laws
which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition,
and by a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
fast tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the
judicious use of such articles of diet thata constitution
may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
every tendency to disease, Hundreds of subtle mala-
dies are floating around us ready to attack wherever
there is a weak point. We may escape many a fatal
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service
Gazette.

Made simply with boiling water or milk,
packets and tins only (4-lb. and Ib.) labelled

JAMES EPPS & C0., Homeopathic Chemists,
London, England. L19-ly

Sold in

Burdock BLOOD Bitters.

Burdock Healing Ointment should be
used in connection with Burdock Blood Bitters for
curing Ulcers, Abscesses, Fevers, Sores, &c. Price

T. MILBURN & CO., ,

25 cents por box,
+. SoLE AGENTS, ToRONTQ@,

i

PORTLAND FOUNDRY.
JOSEPH MCAFEE,

(LATE AxG

| Warehouse, Main 8t., St. John, N-B.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

UFACTURER ¢

Cooking, Ship, Parlor & Office Stoves

MILL CASTINGS,

Ship Windlasses, Capstans, and
Ship Castings of all kinds,
(MADE TO ORDER.)

Power Capstans, Patent Ship Pumps
1) With Copper Chambers, 120
Lead Scuppers & Water Closets & all
goods in my line for Ships’ use.
Work done to Order with Quick Despatch.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
lumber Dealers,

& MCAFEE.)

FORWARDERS,
shipping General Agents
PORT HOPE.

(nA BAUS,

PRACTIGAS,

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw and Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TUREINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON

CASTINGS.
SS" Plans and Specifications on application. “GR

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkeryillé, Ont., June 1881. 12116

Travelling Agent,

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-

tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription ;
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Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
east three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Toker & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont. :

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
‘LuMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
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guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
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5 00

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. OCT. 1, 1881,

A FOREST DEPARTMENT.

ReneWed interest in the subject of the man-
agement of our Woods and Forests has been
awakened by recent events. The enormous de-
vastation caused during the late dry season by
forest fires, and the contemplated sale of timber
limits in the Nipissing district by the Ontario
Government, both deserve consideration, and
have received it.

These two circumstances, though seemingly of
such a widely different nature, in one aspect
point in the same direction, and teach the same
lesson. ‘The bush fires have notoriously in many,
if not in most, instances taken their start from
the setters’ fires for clearing purposes. Again,
the necessity for the sale of the Nipissing timber
limits, when their is already so much pine land
under license, and the propriety of economizing
our supply of standing timber is so well recog-
nized, arises from the fact that settlers are
already establishing themselves on the land in
question. Not only, therefore, is a premature
sale forced upon the Province, if it would avoid
the risk of the destruction of this portion of its
capital, but the very fact of the sale will in-
evitably lead to fresh antagonism between the
settlers and the lumbermen with their divergent
interests,

Tt is clear when such evil results arise that
thereis something wrong with our forest manage-
ment. That a wasteful destruction of valuable
property should constantly occur—that the pre-
mature consumption instead of economical use of
our fast diminishing forest wealth should be
encouraged, are in themselves sufficient proofs
that our system is faulty and extravagant.

Does it not seem obvious that the difficulty
arises from the want of proper classification of
the Crown Lands of the Provinces? Surely it
svould not be difficult to decide what lands
should be opened for settlement, and what
inight be more advantageously maintained per-
manently as forest. Where the land is well
fitted for cultivation, it may be advisable to
clear off the timber and then admit the settler
as quickly as possible. On the other hand,
where the soil is better fitted for forest growth
than for agriculture, the settler should be ex-
eluded altogether, and a proper system should
be adopted for perpetuating the timber growth.
Thus our resourees—our capital—would be

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

utilized in the most fitting and economical man-
ner. It is certain that mixing up settlement
and lumbering has proved a failure.

We again urge the propriety of establishing a
Bureau of Woods and Forests, which will take
this and similar matters in hand.

AS OTHERS SEE US.

The following are extracts from a corespon-
dent’s letter to the Scotsman giving an interest-
ing account of a flying visit he paid to Ottawa,
detailing some of the sights he witnessed in
that rapidly rising city—the capital of the Do-
minion of Canada:—‘‘ The leading thorough-
fares,” he says, ‘‘ have been laid out on a hand-
some scale, and show a good many substantial
buildings.” Speaking of the cities he had visited
throughout America, he says: ‘‘ Not one can be
said to have really tackled the most important
object of municipal management. Quebec is a
marvellous agglomeration of pitfalls and sloughs
of despond ; and in Montreal, though the foot
pavements are somewhat better, the carriage
ways, for that great commercial centre, are far
from satisfactory. In the case of Ottawa, there
is more or less paving to be seen along the
principal thoroghfares, while the wooden side-
walks are kept in a fair state.

‘Scarcely had I completed a general survey
of Ottawa,” he writes, ‘‘when I was taken in
hand by a prominent citizen who had kindly
nudertaken to show the lions. We _ visited
the extensive saw-mills, where timber, floated
down the river from distances of fifty to a
hundred miles, is cut up into boards. In their
mechanical arrangements these mills are very
much alike, though with more or less important
variations in detail, suggested by the ingenuity
of individual managers. In the river above
them lie acres of logs, the shooting of which
through long slides from a higher to a lower
level is considered one of the local sights, and
affords a certain mild sensation to tourists who
care to trust themselves on the swiftly rushing
rafts, Arrived at the mills, the logs are floated
one by one into a still water dock, where they
are clutched by machinery adapted to convert
them into marketable boards with a minimum
of manual labor, Hoisted up by means of a
chain worked by gearing from the engine, a
log is deposited on the travelling platform of a
circular saw, revolving with such rapidity that
in watching it you are reminded of Smith
Mimer’s sword, which went clean through a
man without his feeling anything but a sort of
coldness in his inwards. A minute more, and
with a weird sound which faney might interpret
as a shriek of triumph over the giant
of the forest, the saw has whisked off a
slab from one side of the rounded bole, a pro-
cess which is presently repeated as the other
side confronts the relentless teeth. Being
thus roughly squared, the log is slid upon
another table, where verticle saws, spaced ac-
cording to the thickness of the boards required,
cut their way simultaneously through masses of
solid timber. Fed continusly into this machine,
the logs come out as so inany sheaves of plank-
ing. The trimming of rough edges is the work
of another moment ; and the boards are then
sent travelling over a set of endless chains to be,
on reaching a certain point, cut to the desired
length and delivered at the far end in a state fit
for the market. In Ottawa alone the extent
and importance of the trade give employment
to several thousand persons, whose appearance
speaks volumes for the healthy and well-paid
character of their occupation. Such indeed is
the present prosperity of the lumbering interest
that one establishment here has been fitted with
the electric light, and is kept running day and
night. Being driven by water, the mills have
of course, to be closed with the advent of win-
ter ; hence this eagerness to make hay while
the sun shines. Pail-making, again, illustrates,
that speed of production attained by division of
labor which, whatever may be said against it
from the artistic point of view, undoubtedly
gives the consumer the advantage of a cheap-
ness otherwise unattainable, As you watch the
first stage of the process, before you can count
half a dozen, a deft-handed boy has slipped
within an irom hoop the staves necessary to
form a pail or tub, The hoop is driven tight,
and the article passed on to a planing machine,

by which, in a trice, inside and out are reduced
to perfect smoothness. The cutting of a groove
and insertion of the bottom are accomplished
with equal celerity ; and, ere you have time to
turn, the vessel has been fitted with a handle,
and ready for the market.

‘‘The power employed in the Ottawa mills
is derived from the noble river which, just on
the western verge of the town, forms a cataract
ranked next to Niagara among the waterfalls of
this continent. The depth of the descent does
not exceed 40 or 50 ft.; but so great is the
volume of water tumbling over a rocky ledge,
some 200 feet in length, so terrible the turmoil
of the seething caldron which receives its
thundering fall, amid clouds of rainbow-tinted
spray, that the effect, more especially when
viewed from a platform in close proximity, is im-
pressive to the pith of the sublime. Noting how
the mill-wheel water passes off as a mere driblet
from the edges of the current, one feels that in
this enormous magazine of natural force there
is a motive power far more than enough to pro-
pel all the saw-mills of Canada.”

HOW TO FIGURE SPEED.—_THE REASON

WHY.
To the Editor of the Canada Lumberman.

Sir,—I notice in your last issue an article
under the above title, written, as I understand
it, for the purpose of explaining, in a plain way,
the principle upon which the rule for computing
the relative rates of speed between driving and
driven pulleys of given sizes, as also the relative
sizes of such pulleys for given rates of speed is
based, for the special benefit of such parties in-
terested as are supposed to be unlearned in such
matters.

The object is a commendable one, and the
writer evidently has a knowledge of the subject,
but in presenting the ‘reasons why” in such a
manner as to be easily understood by those for
whom they are intended, and to be of practical
use to them, the paper appears, to my mind, to
be a failure.

The writer describes ‘the ‘rule’ laid down
in the ‘ books’” for the solution of this problem
—giving the diameter and speed of a driving
pulley to find the speed of a driven pulley
of a given diameter—to be, ‘‘ multiply
the diameter of the driving pulley by its
revolutions per minute, and divide by the diam-
eter of the driven pulley.” Of course, if it were
required to find the size of a driven pulley to pro-
duce a given rate of speed, the rule would be—
Multiply as before, and divide by the number of
revolutions of the driven pulley.

With your permission, I will give my version
of the ‘‘ reasons why ” for the above rules.

From the article referred to I quote the fol-
lowing example :—‘‘Suppose the diameter of
driver was 25 inches, its speed 180, and a speed
of 600 was required, what would be the diameter
of the driven pulley ?”

The relative rate of speed of the two pulleys
respectively is in inverse proportion to their
respective diameters, therefore the above ques-
tion should be stated thus :—

As 180: 25:: 600: diameter driven pulley.
F very one knowns that to work this out,
you multiply the first and second terms, and
divide by the third, say—

180 x 25
600

In this operation you exemplify the “rule "—
“*Multiply the diameter of the driving pulley
by its rate of speed, and divide by the speed of
the driven pulley,” clearly illustrating the prin-
ciple upon which it is based.

To avoid complications and confusion in com-
puting, where counter shafts are used, apply the
above simple rule to each motion separately in
regular order, either forward or backward, and
you will arrive at a correct conclusion, no mat-
ter how many changes of speed or ‘‘train of
gearing ” there may be between the jist motion
and the Jast-one.

Hoping this may be of use to some of your

eaders, I am, yours truly,

= 73,-the diameter required.

Coeg WHEEL,
St. John, N.B., Sept. 21.

The good accomplished with steel pens is in-
calculable, but the cost of a box of Esterbrook’s
is only nominal. The stationers have them.
The trade supplied by Brown Bros,, ‘Toronto,

TIMBER LIMITS BURNT.
The Kingston Whig, of Sept. 20th, says:—
Last evening a gentleman who has just arrived
from ‘‘ away back,” was interviewed in relation
to the destruction caused by fires, which of late
have been so terrible, convincing settlers of the
danger of starting them in dry times in order to
clear their farms. The west part of Clarendon
and the whole of Miller have been swept over by —
the fiery scourge, carrying destitution and loss,
Mr. Leopold Ohlman, who resides at a place
near the mountain, has lost his barns, house,
crops and fences.
Mr. J. Stalker has been a sufferer to a similar
extent. The people are thankful that their
lives have been spared.
The fire is now in the pineries, and it is a
ed that the limits of William Mackay, of Ottawa,
have been greatly damaged. They were all
burned over, and to preserve the charred timber
from further destruction by borers and dry rot
Mr. Mackay will need at once to remove the
partially destroyed tree trunks and have them
sawnup. A large number of men will be wanted
to do this work.
Mr. McLaren’s limits have also been burned
over. The camps of the lumbermen in both
Mackay’s and McLaren’s limits have been
burned, but the depots and supply house have
not fallen a prey to the ravaging flames. It is —
hard to say what the extent of the damage has
been.
The heaviest losser to the farmers will be those
of their crops and fences. The wood is not of
as much consequence to them as it is to the peo-
ple of the cities who depend on the forest in the
rear for their fuel supply. f
The fires around Plevna are still raging, but
there is now no fear of the destruction of the
village. Yesterday the fires were but a few
miles from Plevna.
Not much disaster so far has been wrought in
Palmerston, the residents of which are very
particular as to fire.
Canonto, which has not yet been much set-
tled, but which is now open to settlemepts, has
been all burned over and many acres are de-
scribed as “asmouldering fire bed.” The sight
at night is said to have been grand. The coun-
try for miles has been lit up by the flames. A
short time ago our informant drove out some
miles to see the conflagration work up this side
of what is known as the mountain. The scene
was impressive, the flames creeping up the tall
trees and leaping higher and higher until they
reached the craggy peak. The fantastic and
wierd shapes in which the seething flames twist-~
ed. presented an unparelleled sight in this
vicinity. For some hours afterwards the glow-
ing fire could be seen eating its way into the
pines. It is stated that even green hardwood
has fallen a prey to the destructive element.
This is an unusual occurrence, due to the fact
that the trees are now almost devoid of sap.
The fires will smoulder for a long time unless
rain falls.
The most mischievious fire observable is that
which runs along the line of the K. & P. R.,
especially between Parham and the Mississippi.

Saw Mills Burned.
PHELPSTON, Sept. 26.—About six o’clock this
evening Aanderson & Tennant’s large saw mils,
known as the Anten Mills, at Hendrie, three
miles south of here, were burnt. The fire burst
out suddenly near the boiler-room, and when
discovered the interior was a mass of flames.
The mill was totally destroyed ; cause unknown.
Tts value was from $15,000 to $18,000. The in- |
surance is reported from seven to ten thoustnd
dollars. Very little lumber was burned. The
Northern and North Western Railway lose
flat cars, burnt.

Tue Monetary Times says that an enterprise
of some importance is the cooperage of Messrs.
Pike and Richardson, of Pikeville, near Chat-—
ham, Ont., who have contracted with parties in
Europe to furnish five million elm hoops, twenty_
five million elm staves and basswood headings
innumerable. The firm has factories at Bis- —
marek, Rodney, Comber, Tibury, Charing Cross
and Buxton. They employ 370 men, besides
those engaged in getting out logs, while the
capacity of the works is 30,000,000 staves, 6,-_

00,000 hoops, and 1,000,000 set barrel staves,

rd

-

_ port from Canada.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 7

IMPORTANT MEETING.

THE SUBJECT OF FOREST FIRES CONSIDERED—

ESSAY ON FORESTRY.

Atthe meeting of the Ontario Agricultural
Association, held in the City Hall, Lendon, on
September 21st, prize essays on forestry were
read,

Mr. J. H. Aylesworth presided, and on the
platform were professors Bell and Mills.

Professor Bell explained the objects of the
meeting, and said the necessity for precautions
being taken by the Government for the preser-
yation of the forests was becoming more and
more obyious. The essay which had been
awarded the first prize by Professor Buckland,
Mills and himself was written by Mr. D.
Nichol. of Cataraqui, Frontenac county. He
then read the essay, which embraced a list of
all trees indigenous to the country, with the
habits and values of the same, and their adapta-
bility to the different soils. Directions for
planting were also given at length, and some
yaluable information in regard to the destruc-
tion of forests by fire and other causes. The
essay included a description of shrubs suitable
for hedge plants, and the white cedar was highly
recommended for that purpose. A mass of
valuable information on the subject was con-
tained in the essay.

Prof. Bell could corroborate what was said in
regard to the white cedar for hedges from per-
sonal observation. The locust was also valuable
for such purposes.

Prof. Mills proposed that Prof. Bucke’s essay
on the same subject be read by the writer, as
his observations on the subject were the result
of a long experience.

Prof. Bucke’s essay referred to the immense

destruction of forest areas by the early settlers
of the country. At that time it would have
been rediculed if the proposal to save the timber
had been made. He spoke of the timber inter-
est as second only to that of agriculture in this
country. The health-preserving properties of
forests wgs pointed out, and the many other
benefits derived from their presence. The an-
nual revenue derived from the timber lands of
Ontario aggregated over $400,000. The destruc-
tion by fires was dwelt on, and some surprising
statements made in regard to this. More trees
have been destroyed by these bush fires than
have ever been exported from the country,
Some of the precautions taken by the Govern-
ment against this destruction were related, and
examples were drawn from those countries in
which the tree-felling was regulated strictly by
the government. From the time occupied by
hardwood in coming to maturity—80 to 150
years—it was most obvious that the govern-
ment must become the producer. No private
individual could undertake such a work. In
the neighboring republic great encouragement
was given to tree raising, by free grants of land,
etc., for that purpose. One of the largest ex-
porters in the country expressed his opinion
that in twenty years there will be no pine to ex-
In conclusion, he stated
that it was absolutely necessary that forest fires
should be suppressed, and the Government
ought to take steps for enforcing precautions
haying this effect in view. Secondly—the pine
lands remaining should not be settled. Thirdly
—waste lands should be immediately planted.
The destruction of the forests, he said, would
lead to the gradual decrease of rainfall and
other evils.

Professor Bell said the object which the
Society had in view in offering prizes for these
essays was to draw the attention to a subject
which was of vital importance to the country,—

| ~Free Press.

Dysryrsia.Strenthen your digestion—tone the
stomach for utilizing and assimilating every atom of
food you take; the body needs it for strength and
Vigor. Zopesa cleanses the entire system, stimulates
the Liver, keeps you regular, and able to eat ten-penny
mails. Letters and postal cards come in daily, telling
of cures and help frem Zopesa, from Brazil. Positive
yroof A the health and vigor it gives in a ten cent
@ample. Ask your druggist.

ee

Lanes, would you be beautiful, have a clean com-
, {ree from blotches, oe fe and other skin
arising from impure blood ; would you restore
the bloom of health to the palid cheek, the brilliant
le t the eye, and elasticity to the step, take
Pe VYiood bitters, the great blood purifier, vita-
lizer, and tonic. A sure cure for all forms of female
nts, weakness, and irregularities. One dollar

i je, Sold by all druggists. T, Miueven, & Co,,

e

OMEMEE.

KINcAID’s MILLS.—We are pleased to notice
the incereased business which has sprung up in
connection with Mr, Kineaid’s saw, shingle and
planing mills here. The product of these mills
for the past season has been as follows :—Half
a million feet of pine lumber, half a million of
shingles, and two hundred thousand feet of hard-
wood, besides supplying the local demand and
attending to large orders connected with build-
ing operations. Mr. Kincaid has shut down at
present tor want of water to bring logs to the
mills. He was to leave for the woods on the
22nd Sept. to get out more logs from his limits
in the township of Harvey. The bush fires made
considerable havoc in these limits, destroying a
large number of logs, &e.

Cedar Strips.

A Saginaw man has devised machinery for
manufacturing cedar strips with which to line
trunks. The machinery consists of a set of
knives six and one-half feet long, which begin
on the outside of a cedar log and cut it length-
wise into strips of any thickness required from
the thirty-second to half an inch in thickness,
the strips being delivered in a compact roll ready
for use as soon as cut. The importance of this
manufacture consists in the fact that cedar wood
is a complete protection against all kinds of
vermin, such an ants, cockroaches, lice, moths,
and worms of all kinds. This ceiling can also
be used for pantries, clothes presses, store-rooms,
and all other apartments in the house, where
insect pests are apt to be found. It can also be
used for flooring. By the new method, the dif-
ficulty occasioned by the smallness and imper-
fection of cedar logs is overcome. By paring
the strips thin, they can be made fifty feet long,
and their flexibility prevents their breaking.
For ceilings, the edges are beveled and glued
together. It has been suggested that these thin
cedar strips be used for mattresses.

Kentucky’s Biggest Tree Felled.

The Louisville Commercial reports the felling
of Kentucky’s largest tree near Carr’s. The
tree measured 18 feet in diameter at the base:
The cut was made 6 feet above the ground,
where the tree was 12 feet through. The Ccm-.
mercial adds :—‘‘ From the cut to the fist
limb can be made eight good length rail cuts,
each 10 feet long, which would split enough
rails to fence a small farm. The first limb was
nearly a dozen feet in diameter, and it would
have, by itself, made a very large sawlog.
Nearly all the small limbs had fallen and decay-
ed away. Its plank measurement is computed
at nearly 50,000 feet, besides several limbs that
would make altegether, 25 cords of wood. On
the day of the felling a large concourse of
people marched from Vanceburg to the place.
Colonel W. S. Rand, an able speaker, was the
orator of the day. He and others, qualified to
be good judges of such things, supposed that
this mighty forester was four or five centuries
old. There were to be distinctly seen over 300
rings, and it is not known how long since it
completed its growth, as it has been dead for
many years.

BH Aco¥mbination of Hops, Buchu, Man-g
edrak¥e 2nd Dandelion, with all the best and
most c& ura tive properties of all other Bitters,§

an possibly long exist where Hopf
ed,so varied and perfect are their§

(mployments cause irregulari™
urinary organs, or who re-
® Tonic and mild Stimulant,

uable, without intox-
" s

saved hundreds.#
$500 will be paid foracalgse they will not}

cureorhelp. Do not suffer @ °F letyour friendsfh

suffer,but use and urge them® use Hop B |X

and HOPE” and no person or family
should be without them, a cr
.1.C. is an absolute and irresti
aleinceice, use of opium, ieee |
narcotics. Allsold by druggists. Seng
for Circular, Hop Bitters Mfg. Co.,
Rochester,N.Y and Toronto, Ont. y

Drake Brothers Box Mill:

Provost Street Extension, New Glasgow, Pictou County, N. 8.

SPRUCE, PINE# HEMLOCK SHINGLES

L22-ly ww. =. DRAB.

BE. EL. DRAKE.

D. McLACHLAN & SONS,

Manufacturers of all Descriptions of

STHAM BOTDLERS.

SHIPS’ WATER-TANKS.

NORTH SLIP, ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

Repairing Punctually Attended to.

Ly-120

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by

The Canadian Steam Users’ Insurance Association

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO.

GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.
A. F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer.

J. F. LAWTON
Alexandria Saw Works

SAINT JOHN, N.B.

Saws of all kinds manufactured from
the BEST CAST STEEL that can be
procured in any Market.

EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SAWS REPAIRED in the best manner
and on Short Notice.

Send Address for Price List, Terms, &c.
J. F. LAWTON.

OAK HATLI,
Nos. 115, 117, 119, 121, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.
We earry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Our steck is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.

We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........$6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 150
We give a Good Overalls for .............. 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto, opposite St, Jame’s Cathedral, lyLi3

SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President.

HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres. ly1Ll7

L22

SALE OF TIMBER LIMITS.

The Ottawa Free Press, of Sept. 20th, says :—
The announcement that there would be sales of
timber limits by Messrs. Brewer and Tacka-
berry at the Grand Union this afternoon attract-
ed to that place a large.crowd of buyers and
By two o’clock the spacious main office
of the hotel was crowded with lumbermen, law-
yers and business men, who were either engaged
in conyersation or examining the maps of the
various limits which adorned the walls of the

others.

room,

About half-past two o’clock joud voices were
heard in one corner of the room, rising over the
general hum of conversation which filled the
air. Inthe midst of the crowd, talking at the
top of their voices and gesticulating wildly, were
The matter in dis-
pute was as the order in which the sales should
conducted. It seems that both the auctioneers
had advertised their sales to take place at two
o'clock, and as it was obvious that they could
not both sell at once, the question arose as to
Hach of the rivals had his
What

seen the two auctioneers.

who should sell first.
friends who warmly espoused his cause.
with the loud tones of the auctioneers, the ap-

plause of their friends, and the suggestions of
disinterested bystanders, there was a perfect

babel of voices. In the midst of the hubbub,
auctioneer Macdonald announced that he had

intended to offer a farm for sale, but owing to

the death of President Garfield, he would post-
pone it until after the funeral. This annonnce-
ment was greeted with cheers and laughter, and
had the effect of restoring good humor among
the excited partizans of the two auctioneers,

A few minutes later Mr. Brewer mounted a
chair and addressed the crowd. He said he

was willing to do anything that was fair. He

was willing to leave the matter in the hands of

his employers, who should make an arrangement
with Mr. Tackaberry’s employers. They, and
not the auctioneers, were the proper people to
settle the question.

No sooner had Mr. Brewer vacated the chair
than it was mounted by Mr. Tackaberry, who
claimed that his sales had been advertised along
time before Mr. Brewer’s, and hinted that the
latter had unfairly fixed the date of his sale of
poor limits on the same day in order to take ad-
vantage of the crowd who would come to pur-
chase his (‘Tackaberry’s) good limits.

Mr. Brewer retorted that the last speaker had
never had a limit to sell at the time he had first
advertised them; but that before starting for
Manitoba he had stuck his name to the adver-
tisement in order to let people know that he was
coming back.

Then ensued a most amusing scene. The rival
auctioneers jumped up and down off the chair
alternately, and addressed the crowd in a highly
excited manner. Recriminations and epithets
the reverse of complimentary issued from the
mouths of the speakers in the most lively man-
ner. Auctioneer Tackaberry said this was no
place for squabbling, and darkly hinted that the
matter might be finished elsewhere. Just as it
began to look as though the war might develop
into something more than a wordy one, auc-
tioneer Macdonald once more restored temporary
good humor by shouting out that if both auction-
eers would give in, he would sell the whole of
the limits himself.

Hostilities ceased for a time, and about ten
minutes later Mr. Tackaberry offered for sale
Campbell’s limit of 39 square miles, situated on
the Trent Lake branch of the Petewawa river.
The limit was put up en bloc, the first bid being
$15,000, The building was not very lively, and
slowly by bids of $1,000 apiece $26,000 was
reached, The bidding then hung fire for quite
a time, until a voice in the rear of the crowd
offered $500 better, Half a dozen more bids of
$500 increase at a time brought the amount up
to $29,500, when the bidding ceased and the
limit was knocked down to Mr. Wm. Moore for
that sum.

While Mr. Tackaberry had been engaged
with this sale, his rival mounted a chair in an-
other part of the room, took documents and maps
out of his pocket, and made every preparation
for beginning a sale as soon as Mr. Tackaberry
finished his first one. No sooner had the first
limit been knocked down than Mr. Brewer an-
nounced, in loud tones, that he was instructed
to offer for sale a limit of fifty square miles on

LUMBERMAN.

THE AMERICAN TRADE.

The Northwestern Lumberman, of September
17th, says that but few changes in prices have
been reported during the past week. Since the
advance following the one made hy the Chicago
dealers, August 27, prices have been steady and
very firm. With a single exception, there has
been no weakness in the leading markets
throughout the country. The volume of orders
has been large, in many cases exceeding the
ability of the dealers to supply. From Toledo
we learn that the stock of dry lumber is nearly
exhausted, and that some kinds are bringing
more than price list quotations. Philadelphia
has low stocks in some grades, and is looking
toward anotheradvance. The mills at Williams-
port have shut down on account of low water,
which, if it continues, will be liable to somewhat
affect prices in that locality. Burlington, Vt.,
reports an extraordinary heavy trade, with every
indication that it will continue throughout the
season.

A lack of transportation facilities is common,
not only in the west, but in the east as well.
The shipment of orders is much delayed for
want of cars, and as a consequence lumber is
accumulating on the docks and mill-yards.
Water freights are firmer, and in some cases
have materially advanced. It is expected that
the scarcity of cars will be more marked as the
crops of the season begin to move more freely.

An extensive corespondence shows that stocks
in the country yards are nowhere heavy, and we
often hear the expression that at present they
will be allowed to remain in that condition.
Building operations have been suspended to
some extent, more particularly among the farm-
ers. The high prices obtained for their farm
products may cause a revival, but it is sure to
come late, and probably not to any extent until
the coming spring.

In the Duluth region, and throughout Wis-
consin, many of the mills that were filling their
orders slowly, and in some cases were doubtful
about their ability to fill some of them at all,
have now plenty of logs, the late rains causing
clean drives. Often it is necessary to ship lum-
ber as fast as it comes from the saw, but the
ones who were behind are glad to be able to do
even as well as that.

THE CANADA

BUSH FIRES AGAIN.
GREAT DESTRUCTION.—VILLAGES, SAW MILL
LUMBER, FARMS, ETC.

GRAVENHURST STATION, Sept. 16.—The Wook
stock Lumber Company’s mill stock, about thr
millions, has been entirely consumed. Thestoc
belongs to McDonogh, McCool & Oliver, «
Toronto. It is understood to be insured, but te
what extent is unknown. The whole of West
Gravenhurst is burning at this moment (
p.m.) One church and six houses have already
gone, and if the wind, which is now blowing |
gale, continues, another mill will go containing
about two andahalf million. The fireis dy
running in the sawdust. We have lost one car
and there are six more in danger which we can
not get at, the track being burned.

Liypsay, Sept. 16.—The bush fires last nig
were very disastrous. A strong wind prevailed
all day, which almost rose to a hurricane during
the evening. Losses by fire are reported thi
morning from all quarters. A bridge on
Victoria rail way, near Kinmount, was burned
also the saw-mill and a large quantity of lumbe
belonging to Mr. Ashman, of Eldon. The barns
of J. Burmingham and D. Jameson, in the same
township, were destroyed with their contents.
The wind continues high to-day, and it is feared
that the fires will again start afresh. At one
time last night it was expected the station build-
ings at Fenelon Falls would be burned, but by
the efforts of the villagers they were saved.

the River Cologne, known as the Bryson limit.
Mr. Tackaberry appealed to his audience not
to leave him, as he intended to go right on sell-
ing. In proof of this, he commenced to read
the description and terms of sale of another
limit. Both auctioneers then attempted to con-
duct their sales at one and the same time. The
result was a scene which was probably never
witnessed at an auction before in Ottawa,
What with the handsome room, the large crowd
of shrewd looking business men with pencil and
note book in hand, and the confused babel of
voices, over which arose clear and distinct the
voices of the auctioneers, it could not but remind
the spectator who had visited the New York
Gold Exchange in its palmy days of that famous
institution. Both actioneers talked for all he
was worth, but scarcely a word either said could
be distinguished. After a few moments Mr.
Tackaberry’s voice ceased for a time and bidding
on Mr. Brewer’s sale commenced. The first bid
was for $2,000, and it rapidly ran up from that
to $8,500, Mr. Tackaberry then recommenced,
and the confusion was worse than ever. <A few
moments later Mr. Gormully, who represented
some of the parties for whom Mr. Tackaberry
was selling, came over to Mr. Brewer and in-
formed him that it had been agreed that the
sales should be conducted alternately.

Harmony having thus been restored, Mr.
Brewer proceeded with his sale, and the bidding
advanced to $9,000, when it ceased. After con-
sultation with his employers, Mr. Brewer then
announced that the bidding having not come up
to the expectation the limit would be with-
drawn.

Mr. Tackaberry then put up a limit of fifty
square miles situated between the Desmoine and
Coulonge rivers, at present owned by Sir Francis
Hincks, who was present. The first bid was for
$100 per mile, and the second for $110. Here
the bidding ceased and the limit was withdrawn.

-

How to Render Wood Fire-Proof.

F. Folbarry, of New York, has devised a
method of making wood incombustible without,
in any way, altering its outward appearance.
Wood prepared in accordance with his process
may possibly be charred just at the surface, but
the heat to which it is exposed, though ever in-
tense, can never penetrate right into the wood,
and touch its fibres. Timber petrified in this
way is particularly suitable to staircases that are
to resist a conflagration. The composition de-
vised by the inventor is as follows :—55 pounds
of sulphate of zinc, 22 pounds of potash, 44
pounds of alum, 22 pounds of sesquioxide of
manganese, 22 pounds of sulphuric acid at 60°,
and 45 pounds of water. The whole of the solid —
ubstances are put in an iron vessel containing
the water at a temperature of 113° F. When
all this solid matter is dissolved, the sulphuric
acid is poured in slowly until the whole is satur-
ated with it. The solution is now ready, and in
order to prepare timber with it the pieces must
be put on an iron grate in a suitable recipient,
in accordance with the size of the pieces and the
object for which they are intended, care being
taken to leave half an inch between any two
pieces. The composition is pumped into the,
recipient, and after the whole of the spaces have
been filled up, it is left there in a boiling state
for about three hours. The wood is then taken
out and placed on a grate like wooden stand in
the open air, to make it dry and firm. When
thus prepared the impregnated wood may be
used for ship-building, and building in general,
for railway carriages, scaffoldings, posts, wooden
pavements, and generally for all purposes, while
it is desirable that the material should be able
to resist fire.

Forest Fires.

The plague of smoke has settled down over
Ontario. On Monday evening the darkness
was so complete in the vicinity of Kingston as
to be comparable only to that described as having
visited Kgypt in the time of Moses, while fur-
ther west the colors which the sky displayed
seemed to be reflections of the bottomless pit.
So powerfully did these appearances work upon
the imagination of the people that the possible
near approach of the day of judgment became a
subject of concern with many, while the most
painful rumors of calamities to neighboring cities
were flying in all directions. By forest fires an
enormous amount of good property is being
destroyed. We presume the gases of the smoke,
when they reach the ground, make the best of
manure, but it is manure of a very expensive
kind, as we shall find in a few years when tim-
ber becomes scarce. It is very hard for the
Canadian to realize the state of things which is
approaching. So long has it been our lot to con-
tend with the forest that we look upon it rather
as an enemy than as a friend. But it requires
little knowledge to see that the splendid lumber
regions of Michigan and Canada are diminishing
at a tremendous and ever accelerating pace, and
that the demands of the continent are increasing
with like rapidity. For railway ties alone the
demand on our forests must be enormous just
now. It becomes, then, a matter of life and
death to protect the forests. This seems to per-
sons used to the liberty of this country a simple
impossibility. It is, however, a thing which
has been achieved elsewhere and can be achieved
here. It would be very queer in the eyes of a
woodsman to be told, for instance, that he must
on no account smoke in the bush, mosquitoes or
no mosquitoes, and must only make fires under
certain regulations. Yet such are the laws in
Sweden, with the result of maintaining the
forests of that country from year to year in undi-
minished productiveness. We are not prepared
for such absolute laws here, but it is high time
steps where taken to make forest fires less com-
mon. One thing that might be done is to have
fire inspectors whose duty would be to report on
the cause of every forest fire, large and small,
and to suggest means to prevent the recurrence
of the cause when discovered.— Montreal Witness.

LS FT
TRY Burvock Buoop Birrers, the great system re-

novator, blood and liver syrup, acts on the bowels,
iver and kidneys, and is a superb tonic,

Sad Waste.

One reason why the cabinet woods of the coun-
try are scarcer and dearer yearly is given in the
editorial correspondence of the Chicago Indus-
trial World. The gentleman has been spying
out the land, and in the course of much interest-
ing information, says :—‘*The unaccountable
waste of timber is startling, if not appalling.
While economists and all thoughtful men in the
older States are gravely discussing the problem
of the coming timber famine, the good natured,
easy going farmers of Henry county (and all
Missouri) are splitting magnificent walnut, but-
ternut, cherry and mulberry trees into common
rails for the enclosure of $8, $12 and $20 lands,
cutting them into logs for cabins, hovels and pig
troughs, and even into common cordwood to sell
on the market in competition with cheap coals,
Still worse, many a woodland farmer girdles
scores of valuable trees (even the stumps of
which will be gathered for the coming markets),
burns them in the new clearings, side by side
with the baser woods, and wonders the while
that he must pay enormous prices for solid wal-
nut furniture from factories a thousand miles
away.”

On Piling Wood.
Many people who handle wood do not know
thatif they wish the bark to come off they should
pile it bark down; if they wish to retain the
bark, the opposite course should be taken. A
correspondent writes to the Detroit Post-Tribune
giving his experience, as follows :—I have sold
wood for over forty years in Michigan, and I
find that when split wood is corded bark up it
remains on until I sell and measure up the wood,
and all that is piled bark down the bark falls off
and measures nothing; besides, there is more
heat in the bark than in the sap of the log.
The most and best ashes are also in the bark.
have on my place now some maple wood th
was chopped nine years ago and corded bark up
and the bark would hold on if I would draw the
wood to Saginaw (18 miles) and cord up
measure ; besides, the bark is lighter to draw.
Where the bark is piled down the water runs in
around the wood and makes it dozy, wet and
heavy. Tell your neighbors to try it. Railroad
companies would save thousands of dollars t
piling their wood bark up, ? oe

A Black List.

The happenings of the past week in business
circles in Ontario include a grave list of losses
by fire. Accounts of forests blazing and home-
steads destroyed in a number of western coun-
ties are followed by those of mills and factories
devoured by the flames. Two planing mills, a
hotel and. two wagon shops are burned is Lis
towel; Coates’ shingle mill at Barrie, John
Boyd’s planing mill and J. P. White's mills at
Whitevale are also burned; Thos. Ouillette, an
extensive shipper of woods from the county of
Essex has, we regret to see, sustained a heavy
loss by the burning of his mill and piles of lum-
ber at Gordon ; Thomas Green & Co.’s planing
mill in London is burned, and H. C. Green sus-
tains a loss onlumber ; W. A, Fraser, lumberer,
Wallaceburg, is burned out ; so is Henry Wells,
of Salford,—Afonetary Times.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 4

THE LIVERRPOOL TRADE.

Robert Coltart & Co.’s Wood Circular and

‘Prices Current, dated Liverpool, 3rd of Septem-
ber, says :—

During the past month there has been a fair

consumption, and prices generally have been

~ well maintained, with a sligbt advance in some

articles. The import as a whole has been on a

moderate scale, but some stocks, especially pitch
“pine, still remain too large for the present de-
"mand ; altogether there is a better feeling in the
_ trade than has been observed for several months,
only modified by the bad weather and gloomy
_prspet in the agricultural districts, where
there is little hope of anything beyond a very
deficient harvest.

_ CoLonrtat Woops.—Of square pine the im-
port has been light, but the higher prices now
asked have curtailed the consumption, which
has amounted only to 85,000 feet, against 255, -
000 feet during the same period last year ; the
sales haye been by retail. Waney board pine
has arrived more feely, and the stock has con-
_ siderably increased ; a parcel of second quality,
154-inch average, has been sold at 22d. per foot.
Of red pine a parcel of poor quality has been sold
-ati15d. per foot. For ash the demand is dull,
_ prime wood only being wanted. A parcel of
elm, 46 feet average, is reported sold at 23d. per
_ For oak the demand continues limited,
_ and the arrivals are being held for better prices.
The demand for wagon scantlings is good, and
_ with the present moderate import, prices should
improve. The consumption of birch continues
_ limited, and the stock is about equal to that held
f at the same time last year ; by auction, 161 logs
from Oak Bay were sold at prices ranging from
134d. to 184d. per foot, and Dalhousie at 14d. to
16d. per foot. Black walnut has been sold at
prices ranging from 4s. 7d. to 5s. 25d. per foot.
The import of N. B. and N.S. spruce deals has
consisted of 11,828 standards against 8,279 stand-
ards during during the same period last year,
but the consumption has also been on a large
scale, namely, 12,603 standards; the present
stock amounts to 16,605 standards; prices dur-
ing the month have been fully maintained, open-
ine at £6 15s. per per standard for St. John, and
afterwards improving to £7 per standard; by
_ auction the cago ex Wew City from St. John was
sold at an average of £6 6s,3d. per standard, Mira-
michi at £6 15s. 8d. per standard, and Oak Bay,
NS., at £6 14s. 10d. per standard ; by private,
St. John have been sold at £7 per standard,
Musquash at £6 16s. 3d., and Bay Verte at £6
“12s. 6d. per standard. Of Quebec pine deals the
- stock still remains heavy, consisting of 9,742
_ Standards against 4,508 standards at the same
time last year ; there has, however, been a good
af ption, and prices are without material
_ change ; 1st quality broad realized at auction
£22 10s. and £23 per standard. (uebec mer-
chantable pipe staves have been sold at £37 10s.
é Der mille, and puncheon at £22 per mille.
_ Norts or Evrore Woops.—For fir timber
the demand continues languid, and the stock is
‘sufficient. Sales have been by retail only. The
import of Norway flooring boards has been ex-
tremely light, and the consumption, although
‘moderate, shows an increase over the same month
st year ; the present stockis not heavy. Prices
we improved during the month, and sales have
made on a basis of £8 15s. per standard for
it white, but shippers now hold aut for higher
Prices. Of red deals several contract cargoes
have arrived from Archangel, Onega, &c., and
are going well into consumption. For mining
timber the demand is dull. Masts and spars
“are inquired for. Fir staves have been sold at
£7 7%. 6d. per standard c.i.f.
Unsirep Srates, etc. Woops.—The stock of
Pitch pine is heavy, consisting of 1,410,000 feet,
against 578,000 feet at the same time last year,
_ and 847,000 fect in 1879. There has been a fair
Omsumption, and the tendency of prices is up-
ds, no doubt induced by the high price of
Wuebec pine. By auction, the cargo of hewn
aber, ex Murtin Luther, from Pensacola,
a verages about 164d. per foot for 85 feet average,
nd 168d. per foot for 31 feet average sawn, A
reel of prepared pitch pine flooring boards was
d by auction at £18 10s. per standard for 14x5
17; £17 &n. standard for 1x5 to 7, and £16 15s.
w ttandard for 1x4 and 5. Oak Staves—New
extra heavy pine have been sold at from

£60 10s. to £65 per mile; hogshead at £45 per
mille, and barrel at £24 per mille.
PRICES.—FROM BRITISH AMERICA,
Yellow Pine Timber. £ Fs. ail, £ Aye Gs
Quebec, per cubic foot 0 1 2 0 2 2
«« Waney board. 0 2 0 ON 26
St. John’s, 18 inches

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DIALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

SAMUEL WINDRIM,

ANUPACTURER OF

Agricultural Implements, Ete

MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.
HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF

TARE De de: Oe 0 E a Y Z E BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER. y AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice

Other ports........... 0 1 2 0 1 8 ———— | of intending purchasers of Keaping Machines, that I
Red Pine, Quebec....... 0 1 2 0 1 7 have now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated
Oak? inamerseicn tae ame O Le Ge: arp. Aeaul Jos SPOR a. OO. HANLAN REAPER
NEWS cab oodaseaoonpopactc ( 8 0 2 0 5
Ash Lat aa HARA ne QO Tt, 6 OM 210 fe NTS which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
Bir SE. h Pg 0 1 9 Om F LUMBER MERCHA T prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN

inch; St. JOHN. +. sso Rak ate 2 PER CENT—on all purchases. Livtl

(OE tfsqnone no obeoeds 0 1 5 7 ‘ ‘

Nova, Scotia. ssssseue. nyt AeaK ate de) he And Shipping Agents. = ee
Spars, Spruce....... sss 0G HM © 1 @ Pp t ng h F q y
Deals, Quebec and Michi- OSWEHGO, N- - d j

gan Pine— L12-ly AND

Ist quality, per stand: MACHINE SHOP
Ely pangacsonadenonc i 2 =

2nd quality, per stand- JAMES HADDEN, , CRAIG & CAMERON, Proprietors.

3 peace ae ae fa a TE ge Mente teat te PUESSHET AGI The undersigned beg to announce to the public that
ra quality, per stand- ‘ 8 they are prepared to make all kinds of Mill and
ATG. 2+s eves gy: a BRASS Shingles and Dressed. Stuft- Steamboat Brass and Iron Castings.

Planks— > All kinds of PLOW CASTINGS kept on hand. Plow
3 ry y Points and Landsides a specialty.
SERGE, So TO ADoospoo EM) 8 : 8 8 i We have first-class machinery and are pre od
U. a 2 -C or) re prepared to do

Nova Scotia, ete....... G12 BG) ales 3 Kozmeads Ea @:, County, of Simcoe, Ont all kinds of TURNING or PLANING on short notice.

Staves— Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler. b26 We hope by strict attention to business and moderate
] in bl charges, to merit a share of the public patronage.

Quebec) Merchantable Az All work guaranteed.

Teron ae Wis sono oone 75 0 0 80 0 0 G. A. CRAIG.

ly1L17 C. CAMERON.

FOR SALE.

The Dexter & Whitwam Manufacturing
Company, offer for Sale the Entire

Real Estate Plant and Machinery

OF THEIR EXTENSIVE

BENDING & TURNING FACTORY

Situated in the City of St. Thomas, in the County of
Elgin, Ontario. For full particulars apply to H.
BROWN, Manager, or E. MOORE, President. L20tf

J. T. LAMBERT,

Lumber and Commission Agent.

FOR SALE.

150 Mils. white Pine, 1x 10 Stock.
‘ oO ee

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

4a P.S.—A SET OF TUB MACHINERY FOR SALE,
CHEAP—OR EXCHANGE FOR LUMBER. ly16

A, L. UNDERWOOD

“WHOLESALE DEALER IN
White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTSO, ONT.

1yL16

J.G. EDWARDS

Quebec Culls, per M... 50 0 0 5/ = 10 0
West India Merchant-
able Pipe, per M..... 20 0 0 21 0 0
WestIndiaCulls,perM15 0 0 ig O @
Oars, Ash, per running
WO ps0 anodes onon Oe ON PR i) OPE}
Handspikes, Hickory, per

Lathwood, per fathom,

CUS igo ndoebooe Dede 4 0 0 4 10 0

FROM THE UNITED STATES.

Hewn pitch pine, per

Cubiefoot.....-.5... 0 1 3 0 1 5
Sawn picth pine,per cubic

LOOUn Mee terenieis els 0 1 3 0 af 7
Prepared pitch pine floor-

ing, Pet. std........ 16 0 0 19 0 Q
OBB IOP Secreto stars) atsisieieiesss 0 2 0 0 2 6
Teakwood, East India, per

HOAs rateretsiters eotsies- 10 10 0 13 0 0
GreCuMeAXt ee clien c= = 6 «= 6 0 0 (i) 20) 0

NEW BRUNSWICK SHIPMENTS.
From January Ist to September Ist, of this

year, the shipments from St. John, N. B., were 175 < 1x12
as follows, giving the details of their respective HARDWARE MERCHANT a i 38 = = ig ee
destination :— ane Pa & ¥ Tr x i 140 ‘* do linch Siding.
eals oards ice) | 1 IN I )) A Y : 20) et do 1 oe
and and Pal- = B ty 40ers do 2x10 Joists.
battens. scant g. ings. © Pp Faas 16) s* Cedar, 3x6 S
Bristol Channel. 23,056,246 1,147,635 8,150... ..... BELTING. FILES. BABBIT METAL 19 ‘‘ Basswood, 13 inch.
2 wae ’ ’ ,
Liverpool....... 42,495,055 1,836,983 207,795 743 2,938 APPLY AT THE OFFICE, 120

ly CHAINS, ROPE, and Li

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.
WANTED.

Cherry, White Ash, Black Ash, and
Dry White Pine Lumber.

Quote Price delivered, and Carefully
Describe :—@Quality, Widths, Length,

Continent...... 1458103822) W71118 5,000) ..+ «+...
Glasgow,....... GORD TAT Ope ZOS 1 GO astro setia cleeiets
Queenstown.... 1,232,549 37,674 AOOweri! eivjetns
London.... .... B,680;3%2) 450,096 cacccee 2 sve ss
Barrow......... I UPD SDRC EN en on aiean naads
Fleetwood...... PEAY cnco Oo ubscoOUthidatacacaien
Carnarvon...... 336,891 DOT artastshsiarel Seas 650
Australia....... 1,205,804 82,607 55,620...) . 5.05
Atrican repeat IL MYCBI ANVLEM! cosnnoe oes en bna
AVY. 0000 eae LGTICIGR, Ab ache BORCORD Ea ane
Faversham...... 689,983 ICOUEE Femosoo pan adorn
Plymouth...... LOGINS: Sis So eR ee RR
Belfast......... Op SsUCLM ec MMeleem niece. sanisc
Dundalk........ BAG LODO Parca ste inislehste'elevece s 25 6
Limerick....... WOU BVA 23: nels ori IODC DOD ROOC
MPRGONGOLEN | nin pM GOLO miei claves) delve wave. avaiat aware
Waterford....... Saag CAG aye din iieiats al ols lclafete sh aly’ 4
Sligoete ssacan BOB MOS bes nace alam eels
Wexford,....... SBTAQR OM crete dating ceaslste aise; 9
Newry.......... 1,721,570 DUC yiny ncselsceeonsene me
Drogheda ...... (neu) BBAmdoootoder ses nets ode aD
Clonakility..... BUD COL secre) aisle nate te RRMeye dueisaree
Cork Quay...) .4,693,388. . 52,ADD wisest ose vewen
Portrush,......- BLU SULG I stacte stein top itct stamctois tecieee
DOD 0 i950 +50 7,641,282 OAS EN ier, ads essen ata aint
Westport....... (BRAY 23 phde tHrOOne=ome OIdO
Bantry......... ALG GOL aio, acice Pave tole stalaters cet eirctes
GalWAy..c.ecse CAG Oat alc esp alle eins 'e testis
Warrenpoint.... 1,078,647 .......,. SrO0OM teen roaster
Kenmare....... PLAN Naveialetate es Beitein. co mon ontae
Clifden......... DIBSOSB ‘o'vielei sisi e saldieh ealensGrieh
Dungarven...... AZOSGDON ois ems dejsivemele satemele, ere
Wicklow.. ..... Bn BEE opaninn ia. cutie.) A aeer nekre
Clare Castle.... SL OLA ain v aholivotausc ites ctets Waites
Hare Island.... Big LOU cslo iiss asistauivaisipleiese” a s'ecye tip.

WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA.

Ee A. IM Ae ae

BY F. W. COATE & CO.

SALE OF VALUABLE

Timber Limits

Near Lake Nipissing:

The subscribers have received instructions to sell by
Public Auction, WITHOUT RESERVE, at the Mart,
57 King St. East, in the City of Toronto, on

Wednesday, 5th Oct. Next

The Valuable Timber Limits situated near Lake Nipiss-
ing, and designated as Berths Nos. 29, 30 and 38 con-
taining 36 square miles each.

The outlet from these limits is by the Bueve River,
which runs centrally through a large section of them,
affording first-rate facilities for running timber or logs
into Lake Nipissing.

By recent survey of two lines and ranging a portion
of them, they are known to contain a large quantity of
excellent White and Red Pine, represented to be quite
equal, if not superior, in quantity and quality to any in
the entire district ; a considerable portion of it being in
close proximity to the river, growing on’ good eyen
surface and can be easily worked.

The Limits have not been worked, and will be sold
to purchasers in separate lots as they are designated
and on liberal terms, which will be stated at time of
sale. Sale to commence at 12 o’clock.

F. W. COATE & Co.,
2122 Auctioneers

Flexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.'75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, L1é

Thickness, and how long Sawed.
ROBERT C. LOWRY,

Wholesale Lumber,
12119 55 Pine Street, New York.

WISDOM & FISH

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

Rubber = Leather Belting

RUBBER HOSE, STEAM PACKING,
LUBRICATING OILS, COTTON WASTE

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings,

133,994,143 4,201,613 284,965 768 3,609
—

Tne Worst GENERAL in the battle field of life is
general debility, which the vital forces often fail to
conquor. Burdock Blood Bitters are ever victorious
peatuat all attacks of chronic disease, they regulate
the bowels, act upon the kidneys, liver, and all the
secretions, tone up the debilitated system, strengthen
the nerves, purify the blood and restore lost vitality
One dollar per bottle. All dealers in medicine can
supply you,—T, Musurx & Co., Toronto, General
Agents.

f

And all Articles used in the Application of Steam
to Machinery.

No. 41 Dock Street, St. John, N. B.
(SMALL’S BLOCK.)

N.B.—Estimates for Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus furnished on application. All work War-
ranted. ly-L20

|

10

Atarket Aeports.

LONDON, ONT.
From Our Own Correspondent,

SrprempBer 23,—‘“‘ It never rains but it pours
is an old saying, and as a fulfilment of the old
time assertion, we have had no less than two
mill fires here since my last letter.

On Sunday the 11th Sept. about 5 p.m, a
‘fire broke out in the extensive planing mills of
‘Thos. Green of this city, and before long it had
developed into an immense conflagration. The
fire commenced at the north end of the building,
which is bounded by the G. W. R. track, and it
‘is supposed was started by a spark from a pass-
‘ing engine. All the fire force was immediately
‘at werk, and kept the blaze from spreading as
‘far as practicable. The building, however, soon
Ibecame.a total ruin, and the loss will fall heavily
on Mr.'£.\Green. It is estimated at about $25, -
©00, on which there was an insurance of 5,000
in the Commercial Union. Mr. H. C. Green’s
loss will be about $1,000, fully covered by insur-
ance.

A few days ago an alarm was sounded indi-
cating a fire at Wright & Durand’s planing mill,
but with the prompt response of the fire brigade
it was soon extinguished, with very trifling loss.

The meeting of creditors of G. C. Hargreaves
was adjourned, one creditor standing out against

“the offermade. Thiscreditor has, I understand,
-garnisheed an amount coming to the insolvent
estate which will give him about two-thirds of
his claim. Mr. Hargreaves’ first offer has been
augmented by a better offer than he made at the
first meeting, and it is generally being accepted,
and the firm will likely go on again.

The market has not been so brisk for the past
two weeks, as suggested in my last letter, though
there is a steady business doing.

The Provincial Exhibition is now in full blast,
and there is consequently a temporary suspen-
sion.

No fresh contracts of any account have been
made. The last contract for laying the block
pavement will likely be given out again, and
fresh tenders will be solicited.

Below I append price list :—

”

QUOTATIONS.
Mill cull boards and scantling.........-..seeeees $10 00
Shipping cull bo: ards, Peo meacuos widths....... 11 00

0 and 12 in. stocks

Common pene: pr panteeapay widths. .

Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft..
“ ae ae al ft

8 14 50
of ¢ se 20 ft 15 50
es se by 22 ft 16 50

e “ae “e
Common stocks .....

Common 2 in. plank
Cutting up plank and board

Sound dressing stocks.... ... 17 00
Clear and pickS..........scececetenescccesseneus 31 00
Three uppers, Am. inspection...........eeeeeees 35 00
4 inch dressed and matched flooring mrcleiniatsicrets ate 20 00

San dtibDOOS 20 00
TB § £§ Ue SGooncudpcioe 20 00
XXX sawn shingles, @M.............006- Aie\oinl era 3 00
Lath per 1000 feet.) cc cccc se veesceesscensestous 4 00

SSS —
TORONTO.

From Our Own Correspondent,

‘SEPTEMBER 23.—There is not much that is new
there in lumber matters to record. Shipments
of Inmber, lath and shingles from the north to
this city continue brisk, and the lumber flats on
H. & N. W. R. are continually employed, and
many more could be profitably used if at the
command of shippers. The company are re-
ceiving new cars from the Ontario Car Co.,
London, every few days, but the increase in
numbers has not as yet been sensibly felt. The
number of car loads of lumber, shingles, lath
and cedar posts arriving daily foots up some
seventy-five or eighty, and under the increased
freight tariff the railway company must be
netting something quite handsome; and most
of this advance doubtless comes out of the mid-
dlemen, as up to the time of writing there has
been no advance in prices on the local market,
and most certainly the prices at which dimen-
sion stuff is sold on cars here afford no margin
of profit to any one. There is no sound reason
why bill stuff cut to order should not produce
to the manufacturers and middlemen at least
one dollar per thousand above present prices,
and it remains entirely with the mill men to say
whether such shall be the case or not. The
rates at which short dimension stuff is now
selling by car load leave the manufacturer about

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

$6.50 per M. at the mill door, and it is a sheer
waste of lumber and time to try and produce
bill stuff at any such prices. Of course the
answer is, if all the rest are willing to demand
an advance, well and good, and this is just where
the rub comes in. Fach man, or firm, runs on
the go-as-you-please system. Want of organi-
zation is at the bottom of the whole trouble.
The pine continues to be slaughtered, and
some one other than the manufacturer derives
the benefit. The fire fiend steps in and helps
on the demolition of our pine forests, and the
time is not far distant when it will become a
serious question where we shall obtain our sup-
ply from. No doubt many will laugh at this
idea, but it is not so hard to calculate how long
our pine forests will stand the present drain,
and the end is much nearer than many may
suppose,

You will notice that shingles have not held
the advance formerly noted, and mainly through
the action of one retailer who happened to have
made a favorable contract last season for a quan-
tity to be delivered during the present year, and
who is too modest to demand more than a living
profit, therefore other retailers conclude that
they must follow suit, even if they do business
for nothing. The retail yards here held fair
stocks, except in joisting, which is scarce ; and
when we take into account the number of mills
lately destroyed by fire, and the numbers en-
gaged in cutting stock boards where formerly
bill stuff was cut, it is hard to see how the yards
can hope to obtain a full supply of the latter.
The quantity of lumber now being consumed in
Toronto is far in advance of anything before
known, and if retailers fail to reap their harvest
while they have the chance, they will have only
themselves to blame for it.

Shipments over the dock are brisker than at
any other time during this season, Cars are
unloaded here promptly, and there is no great
accumulation of lumber on the docks, so that if
nothing occurs to mar the present calculations,
the remainder of the navigable season will be a
busy one, and it seems probable that lighter
stocks will remain on hand at the close of navyi-
gation than at any time during the last several
years; and should the ensuing winter prove
favorable for logging purposes, there will doubt-
less be large stocks got in, as mych of the timber
over which the fire has run will have to be cut
or it will be useless after the next season has
passed over,

F QUOTATIONS,
Mill cull boards and scantling.................. a: 9 00
Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths. . - 12 00
SLOCKD ciency pinicin.s oo Meh lineage 13 00
Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft 12 00
‘ Ann 2 00
Wi as ne 20 ft. 2 50
es Gu WJ 22 ft. 3 00
G4 = a 24 ft. 3 50
“ “e “oe 26 ft. I
ae “ oe 28 ft & 5
“oe oe te 80 ty
ae “ “ 82 ft ¥
ia “e Lad 34 Pts
“ee “ oe 86 ft. a
Lad “ce “ee 388 ft
oe ss WW 40 to 44 ft cee
Cutting up planks TOMMY aaa delet ccie’sieiebisieicirelerte
oard Sin! Feleialtreluieieteteteien(n/atsiaim nietn sei
Sound dressing stocksS......0..ccsceene eeecsceee

Picks Am. inspection......
Three uppers, Am. inspection
1h- inch flooring, AYCSSCH. .cceceeeseceneee sevens 28 00

TOUGH. secu es tes Abies we lere cele 14 00
re ec w GROSSOMs ieieie sie aielaecieieisis wsieiaeis 24 00
it ss +f UNAressed. ss... seca eecenewes 14 00
ot ss GKOGSN eile ses coeisle clcleletatrte 20 00
Ww Us UNORESSEW ec ccc cislcre eieieere terete 15 00
H Beaded Sheeting, dressed..............-eeeees 20 00
Clapboarding, dressed ..... ces. seeeeeeeseeeeees 12 50
XXX sawn shingles, #M.......:.. .seesseveees 3 00
XX sawn shingles. ov... cc e.ceeeevevevsceeceens 2 80
Sawn Tath........ cence sinlee a elpiscie velo vivieeniemitine 1 60

—

OTTAWA,

From Our Own Correspondent.

SQUARE TIMBER.

SEPTEMBER 24.—The square timber trade has
been booming this season, and more has passed
down the Ottawa valley to the Quebec market
than for quite a number of years past. The re-
turns of the Chaudiere slides for the current
year shows the following :—

Cribs Pieces.

Square Timber. .......seceecveeees 6,213 162,843
Round Piles.........ceeveeeereees 254 5,218
Flatted ‘Timber... .secsessscscsseee 83 2,356
Dimension... ...cevevevececenees Slian) S.anets
Spars.......08 RNo Wun areal wal be ceeis 4 80
UN |e aR Och cee) cise G. 08D 170,492

The returns for last year shows 3,441 cribs as
having passed through with 82,814 pieces. Take
the cut of square timber alone, more than double

the quantity must have been taken out last
winter than the previous one, for quite a num-
ber of rafts are laid up on the Upper Ottawa
until next spring. In addition to this, 10,000
pieces are being brought down by rail for
the British Canadian Company. A train of
seventeen car loads per day have been passing
this point for four weeks past, and will continue
to do so for four weeks to come, in order to com-
plete the contract entered into between the rail-
way and the company. There are three rafts of
square timber belonging to David Moore, and
two owned by Latour, laid up above the Des

Joachims.
CLEARANCES GRANTED.

During the present season 121 clearances for
square timber, etc., have been granted at the
Crown Timber office in this city—95 for timber
cut on the Ontario side of the Ottawa valley,
and 26 for the Quebec side. Clearances for the
latter section do not extend below the Blanche
river, about twelve miles below this point. The
following shows the number of clearances grant-
ed to some of the leading lumbermen of the
valley :—

Four clearances—J. R. Booth, B. Caldwell &
Son, Richard White.

Three clearances—McLachlin Bros., William
Mackey.

Two clearances—Barnet & McKay, Lambert
& Conroy, David Moore, R. & W. Conroy, R.
Campbell & Son, Thistle & Egan, Archie
McLean, Jonathan Fraser & Co., McCoshen &
Fraser, John Fraser, O. Latour, J. & B. Bryson,
George A. Grier, C. & W. Mohr, A. & P. White,
R. Campbell & Son, Alex. Fraser, J. B. Dick-
son.

Single clearances—Levi Young, R. Nagle,
Gilmour & Co., W. C. Edwards & Co., Allan
Grant, Wm. Powley, Gillies Bros., R. H. Klock,
Alex. Mackey, Bell & Hicky, J. & B. Grier,

etc.
RAILWAY TIES,

Mr. Hebron Harris, of this city, has been
shipping a great quantity of railway ties this
season, from the Gatineau. The official exhibit
sheet shows as follows :—

May's i's wie Vea Sure stones ea eha eens ete beet aes « 4,115
Br Oi a ee Se ete 11,269
QULY skis deta c wins: ae nw nelewaitse beamed kan PREG 15,137
AUBUBti ss wesink wrele EN aee ele now age eb dene ee eR 16,386
Septeinber :. sis a'sa seems sake ien eet eeees ae 8,320

In addition to the above there are 4,000 more
to come down, about that number being stuck a
few miles up the river, the water being very low.
This will give a total of 59,227 ties cut on the
vatineau last winter. The ties are shipped to
Cape Vincent and to Kingston for the railways.

THE LOG DRIVES.

Considerable difficulty is being experienced in
getting the log drives of the Upper Ottawa
down, owing to low water, but the mills are
kept partially busy, a good many men being
employed in running the logs through the Chats
and Deschenes.

The final sweep on the Gatineau has been
abandoned above Chelsea, about four miles from
the mouth of the river. Forty thousand logs
are stuck. Ex-Ald. Bingham, who manages the
Gatineau drive, says that such a thing never
occurred before for sixteen years,

LUMBER QUOTATIONS.

There are no changes to note in the matter of
lumber. Sales have been steady at firm prices,
The following are the quotations :—
10-inch stocks, with shipping culls and

Detter Per Minin eccmhemiicise vin wne'sicie $14 00@15 00
12-inch stocks, with culls. ..........e0e0- 1s 00
12-inch stocks, without culls.... ......4 22 00
Sidings, best “qualities Nehitee erent 25 00@30 00
Sidings, l-inch kind. ... .......ceeeseues 25 00
That Patenetweseticwec welon Uc loin nici etek eisie 1 00

FREIGHTS.

The freightage business is dull at present, a
number of barges being laid up owing to the
difficulty experienced in getting through on
occount of low water. <A good deal of shoal-
dodging has to be done on the Ottawa at some
points. The river is over twenty feet lowerthan
at its high water level in the spring. There is
no change in freight rates, as shipping is not
extra active at present, producers declining to
make any large sales.

EDGINGS.

Some fifteen or twenty men are busy blasting
a channel at the Remieux rapids, just above
which there are some 300,000 logs which cannot
otherwise be got down until the water rises,

All the saw mills in this locality have been

running more or less irregularly for some tims
and a number haye been shut down for days
a time. The closing of Bronson & Westor
mills alone throws three hnndred hands idle.

By the bush fires the depot of Mr. J. R. Booth,
on the Madawaska, was destroyed, with con-
siderable provisions,

Gilmour & Co., of Hull, Q., have purchase
two small locomotive engines for the purpose a
shunting around loaded tramway cars in their
extensive yards. The engines are to take the
place of horses. They were made by Gilbert &
Co.

Large numbers of shantymen are deile being
sent up the river. The wages range from $18 t
$30 a month, according to the work to be
formed. A gang of one hundred men
recently sent to Waubaushene, having bee
hired to work for the Georgian Bay Lumbering
Co.

A barge got stuck in the Chute au Blondea
Grace’s Point, a short time ago, and it was found
necessary to destroy the vessel in order to clear
the channel and improve navigation.

i
ST. JOHN, N. B,
From Our Own Correspondent.

DEALS,

SEPTEMBER 21.—The most prominent feature
of the deal trade for the moment is the striving
among the ships in port to complete their load-
ing on or before the first of October, in order to
secure their deck loads, which they will not be
allowed to clear with after that date. The stock
of deals is extremely light, and there are but few
deals coming into the market for sale, so that
the prospect, in some cases, of ships securing
their deck loads in time is rather uncertain.
The stock of deals here, at the commencement
of last winter was less than had been the case
for many years, but from present appearances,
it is likely to be still less at the close of the
present season. Under these circumstances,
with improving markets in Great Britain, the
fall operations are likely to be fairly profitable.

FREIGHTS.
Owing to the moderate deal supply and the
push in loading the vessels now in port, as
already referred to, there has been little demand
for tonnage, and rates have slightly declined in
consequence. We quote 55s, as about the mar-
ket rate for Liverpool, &c.
VESSELS IN PORT.
The following is a list of the vessels in port,
with their tonnage and destinations :-—
John Murphy, 1479, Liverpool,
Missouri, 818, W. C. E.
Freeman Dennis, 808, Liverpool.
Antwerp, 573, Cork.
Ella, 332, Glasgow.
Nettie Murphy, 1373, Liverpool.
Minnie Burrill, 1465, Liverpool.
Herbert Beech, 1061, Liverpool.
Annie Burrill, 897, Bordeaux.
Anna P. Odell, 379, Glasgow.
St. Julien, 1049, Liverpool, Ss wcrc =
Rothiemay, 1250, London.
Maggie M., 429, Bristol Channel.
W. E. Heard, 587, Waterford.
W. D. Wallet, 1413, repairing.
Galatea, 1400, Bristol Channel.
Romola, 298, ——
J. I. Smith, 1350, Liverpool.
Elizabeth Childs, $95, Bristol Channel.
Malville, 924, Melbourne.
Althea, 375, Yonghal.
Buda, 349, Dundalk.
Her Majesty, 1342, discharging.
Liffey, 845, ——
Dusty Muller, 595, ——
Bonito, 599, Mersey.
Stanley, 42, ——
Hawthorne, 621, ——
Windward, 607, discharging.
Eleanora, 1049, ——
Adept, 1102, waiting.
SHIPMENTS,
The shipments of deals and other sawn lamb
are as follows :—
For Europe. .o.s..eeseecvens oo 9,782,000 Sup. feet.
@ United States... ....c.ccesus «+. 2,527,000 =

g"

From Another Correspondent.
SEPTEMBER 23.—The English market is sti
firm, and we are aware of one cargo, part of
which was sold in Liverpool at £7, and the bal-
ance held for a higher price. The last quota-
tions wé have give £6 15s, to £7, but better
prices have been realized, The market in Le

*

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

11

don for one staple is good, as we notice one sale
of dimension lumber at £8 10s., and other trans-
actions running from £6 to £7 5s.

The American market has, of course, been
affected this week by the death of the President.
We can quote spruce boards and plank in Bos-
ton at $12.50@14.50; laths, from $1.70@1.80,
with fair demand for good dry stock. In New
York laths have dropped, and recent sales have
been made at $1.90.

Freights to transatlantic ports have varied the
past week. We know of two charters for Lon-
don, one at 58s. 9d., and one at 57s. 6.; also one
at 60s. for tivernodl or Bristol Channel ; and
one at 59s., with the same choice of ports. Still
another charter, is of a new character, say 57s.
6d., to any dock in the Mersey. Coastwise the
freights have stiffened, and at this date we can
quote for New York, $3.65 ; Sound ports, $3.25,
and Boston, $2.75. Outside deals are scarce,
and prices are merely nominal, $8.75 per M.
being about the present rate. Logs also are
hard to get, as those holding them are keeping
them for their own use, and are not at all desi-
rous of selling.

St. John, N. B., September 23rd, 1881.
es

ALBANY.

SEPTEMBER 22.—The Argus says the trade in
the district since our last report has been very
fair, and several large sales of box have been
made. Inquiries are being received by rail from
many of the poins of consumption, giving indi-
cations of a very active fall trade. The disas-
trous fire at Oswego, last week, by which eight
to ten million feet of lumber were burned, is
going to cut the supply still further short. A
good deal of this lumber, we understand, was

- sold to be delivered in New York, and as the
- season is getting short, it will be hard for the
dealers to replace their stocks,

The receipts of lumber by lake at Buffalo for
the week ending Sept. 20th were 7,363,400 feet
and by rail—cars. The receipts by lake at
Oswego for the week were 3,317,900 feet.

The receipts by canal at Albany from the
opening of navigation to the 15th Sept. were :—

Bas. & Sctl.,ft. Shingles,m. Timber,ft. Staves,Ibs.
1881....279,770,000 2,110 1,000 6,105,000
1880. ...258,800,400 2,693 5,400 257,000

Freights from Bay City to Buffalo and Tona-
wanda, $2,75 9 M.; from Saginaw, $3,00. From
Tonawanda to Albany, $2,25. From Oswego
to Albany, $1.50@1.60. An advance in Ottawa
freights is shortly expected. From Ottawa to
Albany, by boats, $3 @ M. feet.

River freights are steady :

NW, MOT GER a wiersio ic sic dios ne ale oD @1 00
DEBE TIASCPOT ES walna- ons deer sec ceenecnss ss @1 374
SRCW TIRGED ca 5 wine's vic « o's,c'visle.o.5e's obclce @1 374
To Providence, Fall River and Newport.... 2 00@2 25
SEAT GUICKED: so cincicscOpicsiancesaccecccce 2 25@2 50
MUMOT WALK. ono ccs sncisteisiebinel he's /s sc 0jcie0's « 1 25@1 30
a Se ee, eee @2 00
eee A, Be A ee ee @2 00
MM MMAAUICLO WE cece ce ogeline ce sccesc acy occcn @1 75
BERMCW LOUK 60. to cvig delve dub das ons oo 2% @1 75
AAIMUOR NI ian og os ecemais ned aisle 0 0 de @2 00
Quotations at the yards are as follows :—
MEMS CLCRIS ON tarde oe noe sos eoce cca e $53 00@63 00
EI AOMMTER occa. Ac SL aE cise conve ase 48 00@58 00
oo TAR Se a Se eee 43 00@53 00
Pine, good box.....---+.... cee. -seeeeee 20 00@30 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, each.... ........... 00 38@00 42
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, each. ...01- csees 00 00@00 22
Pine ORANG HAD- Wl tietes eee velar wle\cta s'e'n em. 00 26@28 00
_ Pine, 10-in. boards, Clie eee eee ee 00 18@00 19
Pine, 10-in. boards, ep 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, See eo 25 00@30 00
Merine, 12-in. boards, 13ft.....0ccsersseses. 28 00@30 00
Pine, iin: p BIMING, SCIECE... 00. -covees 00 00@42 00
_ Pine, J n. siding, common,..........--. 16 00@19 00
Pine, 1-in. siding, AOD s osc eos Ps'2! 0102 40 00@42 00
Pine, inch siding, common.............. 16 00@19 00
2 ON eer 00 00@00 16
Spruce, plank, 1j-in., each............... 00 00@00 20
REI 2 AE, COLD. oc.cccces soree 00 00@00 30
, wall strips, eres 00 11@00 12
lock, Jo ae 00 00@00 13

Hemlock, joist, 4x6, “Le BA le 00 00@00 31
Hemlock, joist, 2}x4, each « 00 00@00 13

Hemlock, wall strips, LES, CAC a oe 550 2)s 00 00@00 10
_ Ash, good 29 oh 5 Pee Dao wiset oes mactals 28 00@45 00
secon cod B gO Mhsceccoperccssoes 25 00@30 00
AEE Sr ren are 60 00@70 00

Cherry, 5 00@35

. 35 0040
0 00O@ 6 25
0 00@ 5 00
0 00@ 4 40
0 00@ 2 20
0 00@ 3 25
0 00D 4 00
0 00@ 2 25
0 00@1 624
0 00@1 874
0 0G 200

|, shaved z
2nd aos
extra, sawed, pir
Clear

een nwnee Wer eenras
ee ee ee eee eee

CHICAGO,

SrepremBerr 21.—The condition of the cargo
market of this city has presented few if any
features of interest or change since our last
report. The closing half of last week was
marked with only fair offerings, which, in the
main, were taken, as had previously been the
case for some days, with reasonable alacrity,
and with well maintained firmness on the part
of all better descriptions of cargoes, whether of
dimension sizes, or ordinary cut of lumber
Piece stuff sold readily at $11 to $11.25 for
good grades having a fair proportion of lengths
above sixteen feet, $12.50 and $13 were not
questioned on strictly long length cargocs.

CARGO QUOTATIONS.

Joist and scantling, green,ordinary lengths$10 75@11 25
Joist and scantling, green, 20 feet and over 12 00@15 00
Mill run, choice green......+.++-.-.ee- 16 50@21 00
Mill run, medium, green.........--++0+- 13 00@16 50
Millrun, common, ‘“S . ..cseseeesers 11 00@13 00

Shingles, Bimecthnele, anon Aube InOODdbOOnaG 2 68@ 2 70

Shingles, extra A..... 1... cee eeeeeeeee 2 70@ 2 80

TAG See RE ust AEs Pena area 1 85@ 1 90
LAKE FREIGHTS.

Manistee. wcccscecscccc races ceeenenncens $2 12h@2 25

Muskegon.sccscecsees cesesenseeeerteees 1 87}

Ludington.......... a4 00. @2 124

ued
5 PA PAs)
. 2 123@2 25

Grand Haven
Menominee........
Sturgeon Bay.
White Lake... +L 8Td.

Ford River. ....scecsecssseees . 2 124@2 25

Receipts and shipments of lumber and shingles
for the week ending September 21 :

RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS.
Lumber. Shingles. Lumber, Shingles.
1881...:.. 59,701,000 26,870,000 48,336,000 28,920, 000
1880.....- 34, "080, 000 18,890,000 47,246,000 27,141,000

Receipts and shipments of lumber and
shingles from January 1to andincluding Septem-

ber 21:
RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS.
Lumber, Shingles. Lumber. Shingles.

1881.1,285,092,000 559,609,000 1,282,476,000 557,020,000
1880.1, ‘079, 938, 000 462,774,000 1, 035, 554, ‘000 488,582,000

In...215,054,000 97,462,000 236,922,000 68,438,000
—_@___—_

BOSTON.

The Journal of Commerce of Sept. 24th says
that business continues to keep very steady
from week to week ; while orders coming in are
larger than for some time. Fine grades are
rather low in the yards, owing to the marked
preference on the part of buyers for this class of
lumber. Mediums and randoms keep in good
supply, and while the demand is only fair,
enough is being consumed to hold values pretty
steady. Western lumber is quoted about us,
before, but it is not improbable that on finer
grades an advance may be made owing to the
large forest fires which dersroyed some excellent
timber districts. Moreover, prices at western
depots have been in advance of our quotations
for some time so that dealers have been expect-
ing arise here ere this. Hardwoods continue
in good demand, with sales equal to the supply
in almost every department. The following
are carload quotations,

CANADA PINE.

Selects, Dressed.....+..seseeeeeeneeeeees $48 00@50 00
Shelving, Dressed, TSE ppOO 00 HOnInORS 40 00@42 00
PAGER Siconcnne cIC Opt. 33 00@35 00

Dressed ShipperS......se+seseesereceees 27 00@29 00
Dressed BoX....0+..s-eecerseceenccveees 18 00@20 00
Sheathing, Ist quality..-.-...+--+eeseeee 42 00@45 00
ee rid eee See Mer eC tsteM eretcfolsloic)oielstar« 34 00@35 00

OSWEGO, N.Y.
SrpremBer 17.—The following are the quota-

tions :—
Three UPPerS...-sseeeeeceerecereverecee $42 00@45 00
PickingS.....-..eeeee ceeecees veceeees 32 00@35 00
Fine, COMMON ........ee eee eerere eens ee 20 00@25 00
OAMINOTOE Ca iiacie cae cceaunecisenedsidaiaeley 14 00@18 00
Culls...... 00 aisialele sist wiartalalciny wlsteiekelaisielet 11 00@13 00
MIAN ITD) LOLA es ueicicicissetsisielep eielinsine al citiee 6 17 00@22 00
Sidings, selected, L inch...--.+.+++.+++.-+ 30 00@33 00
VE nch.......10ecee ence cece ee vnces 30 00@37 00
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet............++ 16 00@20 00
selected KAAMPOC REDO AIG GaUDOD DUOC IOC 20 00@25 00
SHIPPersS...2...e cere erect eeeereneeee 15 00@16 00
Strips, q iad Uh inch mill run.+.+++.-+se- 14 00@18 00
Culls, selected. ...eseeevvecrrereeeeee se» 22 00@30 00
Hise A Shc coach's dae owidns 10 00@13 20
1x6 selected for clapboards...... +++... 25 00@40 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, sUlitnenearnocancn 3 75@ 3 85
Laie Vi oll” ER pth 2 75@ 2 85
RK 18 inch, cedar Lie Mid Patalo(otnerd 3 00@ 3 20
sis)0.0 0)¢4s.bie, b,al@ 0s 2 25@ 2 40
Tiago See ee movies letvore \avicicsisive seis 1 40@ 1 60

Since the fire, market has been firm and de-
raand good, dealers are hardly able to supply
the demand for want of an assortment which is
very much broken, Prospects look towards a
good fall trade. Customers in many instances
are obliged to go to Butfalo and Saginaw to
supply their wants,

CHP Toop ce csocns

ne
by

=a

Northey s Steam Pump Works

BOILER BEED PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS,
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and
WRECKING PUMPS.

MINING PUMPS,
PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
OIL PIPE LINES,
And CITY WATER WORKS.

No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON,

SEND FOR CIRCULAR.

ONTARIO.

LI7-ly

aM ES Os UJ Ta se

Extra Stretched and Patent Smooth Surface

RUBBER BELTING—in Stock, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Plies,
HOYT'S CELEBRATED LEATHER BELTING.
COTTON BELTING, for Flour Mills. &., Superior Quality.

DISSTCN’S CELEBRATED MILL SAWS.
Steam Packing of all kinds, Rubber and Linen Hose, Silk Bolting Cloth, Emery
Wheels, Lacing Leather (Page’s Genuine), Lard, Seal, Cylinder, Spindle, West Vir-
ginia and Wool Oils. Our Stock includes Mill Supplies and Rubber Goods of all

kinds.

7 Quotations furnished for any part of Canada.

21

ESTEY, ALLWOOD & CO., SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

ROBERT W. LOWE,
AUCTIONEER AND COMMISSION MERCHANT,

81 SANDS BUILDING, PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.

Cash advanced on Goods putin for sale.
Bought and Sold.

&=No Storage charged. All Kinds of Merchandise
New and Second-hand Furniture always on hand. Agent for Hazelhurst & Co’s

WINTHROP COOKING RANGES, WATERLOO WOOD STOVES, FRANKLIN, &e., &., &c.

1.22-ly

SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

GREAT FIRE AT OSWEGO.

Oswxco, Sept. 16.—Fire broke out to-day in
a block of about ten or twelve tenements, at the
foot of Water street, which were soon consum
ed, the wind being in the sonth. The flames
spread to the lumber yards or C. H,. Getmann,
Bond and Jenkins and also about 3,000,000 feet
of lumber were burned. The fire then spread
to the lumber yasds of Kenyon, White & Co.,
E. W. Rathbun & Co., and Page, Fairchild &
Co, The former contained about 2,500,000 feet

and the latter about 3,000,000 feet. The indica-
tions are that 8,000,000 or 10,000,000 feet of
lumber will be burned. The total loss on lum-
ber, buildings, and docks will reach $400,000 ;
partly insured.

Beantifiers.

Ladies, you cannot make fair skin, rosy cheeks and
sparkling eyes with all the cosmetics of France, or
beautifiers of the world, while in poor health, and
nothing will give you such good health, strength,
buoyant spirits and beauty as Hop Bitters. A trial is -
certain proof.—Telegraph.

12 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

A. TTDI DLA I The Best Axes in the World!

| ELECTRICIAN,

4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONTARIO.

Trusses for HERNIA, Rupture,

The most Durable and Beneficial kind known to Medical Science always in
A Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.

BATTERIES FOR BATHS,

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private Use; and
FARADIC BATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW.

ly117

National Manufacturing Company

202 SPARKS 'STREET, OTTAWA.

ee
SSS

SY

ih Hii
it
Nit y "
Sulll! we
= tees
== = = Rx : = z= = ¥ SE a
anufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and
jlitary Encampments, with or without extra roofs, all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped,

ildew proof or plain. Prices from $5, upwards. Plags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
* OPEN FOR Use made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP
5 fa om

LEZ LZ [-” BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent-

EE

Za ed; size when folded 2x 6 in.; 3 feet long, weighing
AE “only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the
es = Weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-
covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises.
7&F"Special rates to Lumbermen. Send for cata-
logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
202 Sparkes Street, Ottawa

27

Fire-Engine| GKORGE STETHEM, Peterborough, Ont.

Single, Double and Triple Steel, 28 Patterns.

83 OHAMBERS oT
NEW

Warranted Good or Exchanged.

And Burrell’s, Warnock’s, and Dundas Axes, made specially for the Lumber Trade,
repacked any weights without extra charge. Lindsay Pattern of Broad anfi Blocking
Axes. LANCE TOOTH SAWS, warranted good. P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.)
LEATHER BELTING. CUT FILES. LATH YARN. Mill and Shanty Hardware.
No. 1 LARD OIL. Heavy HAMES, BUCKLES and HARNESS TRIMMINGS.
Ballard and other RIFLES, from $10 each. Large assortment of CARTRIDGES.

Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware. 121.17

Wrought tron santy Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

e se
Mill Supplie 8, &C. I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,

for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26.

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twojovens, each 16
xX 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

The Best Stove I have ever Used. =
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.
ApAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove 1 have ever

used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.
Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
We can recommend it highly.

Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,
Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June Srd, 1880.

A. Haut, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

Apam HALL, Esq., Peterborough.
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

ELA WET TITON, CAN ADA.

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES TT. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUBL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED
» © 2) Ge = Of oS eG

EMERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

And Specially Adapted

For Saw Gumming

These Wheels are |
Wire Strengthened \_

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
; TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

e :
We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :
Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ.,
GALT. MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO., Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & C€0.,’
ST. CATHARINES. TORONTO.
WE ALSO REFER TO
F WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
I PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,
j Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. . Lumber Merchants. wen

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LUMBERMEN'S STATIONERY.

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber

Shanties and Offices at City prices.

Shanty Settlements
Shanty Orders
Shanty Receipts
Shanty Time Books
Shanty Log Books
Shanty Reports
Shanty Ledgers
Shanty Cash Books
Shanty Way Bills

Drive Books

Office Letterheads

Office Noteheads

Office Envelopes

Office Cards

Office Notes

Office Drafts

Office Orders

Office Receipts

Office Blnak Books

Office Ship Account Books

And everything necessary to a complete office outfit.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices.

Book-Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.

Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

TOKER & CO,

~ THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,”

PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO,

4

4

RMAN.

rl

THE CANADA LUMBI

DAVID JONES’

Cast Steel Table Cutlery

i

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ND ww he aS
» fond — = =
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3 ow ——
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“ Ne ie 0) Q re =
2 =| oO a aa =
a Zz 5 =m - &
coe ee 2) ae oie
¢ 3MQ 2 ee ee ee
sien re) d FA a Ss =>
: ae |, eee
= eal Sa.=
ao GOR |) ES Meee
rs ~east Ga eal sO
a a m= “=H OO s=e8&
= lL ss
> es Hitt see
rae © ee:
ait Sa ines
aE, a = a
2) a) =/ =
= s be au - c ro 3
: OLAV INO Hate no) Si, WH RECOHIVED — 3
6 if = n edal for Parlor Organ, Provincial Exhibition, &
NOLDTAZVA ® WV ND MS MH NIVY ane iste a Send aoe a ae ee ae 5
snc = BSN INES oe St conn ag Seoar any a0 And Gold Medal..........-......+: at Sydney, Australia, 1880 a
vuoldig puvowig st - - - - - - eq useYyyNog proyjuEIg IY ao
wuojdig pue ozig sf - = - = - UONIQIURE [eIouLAIg uOyTUIeH 4V &s

ouvtd erenbg ysog Joy [epopy 2 VINo[dig ‘aztAq 4ST ‘UOTITQTYXG TeIAsMpuy oJUOIOT, ¥
:SMOTTOT SV O88I JO SHONOH AHL 440 SAIWAWO

This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD

ydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English

tory is the Largest and Oldest

Awarded Diploma and Medal by the New Brunswick Government in 1873.

Kdge Tool & Cutlery Works, Woodstock, N.B.

GCHATHORYT FWA

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Or

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58 OLST ‘WOTTAIUX TRyUMEQMAQ™ ss BUIOTAT PUB Pepe]
3 TLGT WOTMNAIUXM TBPOUTAOA’ sess oes BMOTAG pus Tepe
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61.22

Iilus.rated Catologue mailed free,

WA, Fee al 2G.(CO.

in the British

41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GUELPH,

4 that they are the best in the market.

Correspondence inyited.

nufac
prove

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The Bell Organ Ma
have sold pearl
ORGANS for five years.

mk

4

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;

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

-Covel’s Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that nas ever been introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW MILL MACHINERY
STEAM FEED | ite cabin) oi

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Donb'’e Cireu!
I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be th
and ‘for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam

Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumbe
Markers, different sizes of dgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim

Feed, having put in several which are givinz the best of sat-

isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Ro
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &e,

Horizontal Engines and Boiler

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Esq., Peterborough.

DEAR SirR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 138 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting Jong or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT, :
Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

CORLISS

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along —
= with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
- Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large

= Factories of any Kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per ae
per hour,

TORONTO, August llth, 1880,
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.

DEAR SIR—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly. Yours, &c,,
‘THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

WHiiLiELtARE ELA MILTON,

J> aE BOLVOU Gola es

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING! |

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock,
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gummipg Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of allin use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are: !
p 12x} )
y 10x+ 12x2 |
Sx 5 “xe |
8x \ } in. hole. tox} ( in. hole. TS f 3,3 and 1 inch,
8x3 ioxs J 12x} |

12x¥

‘

°

|

\ : Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12xj are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used, P

\ j ‘ ; k AY j however, ofall sizes up to 4x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won't touch it.

! zai The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will sbape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,

. leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as “ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel .

who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

A. QUESTION. Of |. OU 2a re

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every usé an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved on wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities 2o match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Zanite Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is TIE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class 2.”

it cuts fast and keeps its shape Well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the “ Pocono.”’

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiner in grain and softer than either of the above. As a Saw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is

specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Illustrated Cirenlars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.

The Tanite Co, Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvani

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

u13

PUBLISHED )
SEMI-MONTHLY. j

SUBSCRIPTION

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries pueiished in Canada. . {$2.00 PER ANNUM.

VOL. 1.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., OCTOBER 15, 1881,

NO. 24.

Tue Hon. J. G. Joly has a large plantation of
young walnut trees at Lotbinieer, Que., and he
has sent to Sarnia for more walnuts to plant.
His example is a good one.

Sir A. J. Surry’s mill, on the Petitcodiac
Riyer, was burned on Friday night, the 9th
of September. The origin of the fire is unknown.
The mill was shut down that afternoon at three
@clock. Mr. Early Kay, the manager, left the
mill premises at 5 p.m., at which time all was
Straight, and there was no sign of any fire in the
vicinity then. Besides the destruction of the
mill, valued at over $2,000, there were over 300,-
000 feet of sawed lumber burned ; alsoa portion
f a bridge across the stream near the mill. The
Toss is estimated at $3,000. Insurance, about
$1,000. Mr. Kay has taken steps towards re-
building the anill at once.

Tue Timber Trades Journal, of Sept. 17, says :
—Liverpool was as remarkable for its bare sup-
plies of timber during the first week of. this
month as London for its superabundance. Only
24 ships with wood were reported in the former,
and of these 15 were steamers, mostly with only

cargoes, and some with a very small part,
, such as 3,000 staves, or 400 or 500 planks
(30 or 40 loads, perhaps). On the other hand
London imported 94 complete cargoes by sailers,
besides 42 by steamships, some of them full
cargoes from the Baltic. Yet prices at Liver-
pool are not improving, and the stock is heavier
than it was at this time last week, while that of
London is only about three-fifths of what it was
then.

A. C. Danner & Co., Mobile, Ala., shipped
by a Dufferin for Liverpool, a ele since, a
Cargo, consisting of 1,250,000 feet of lumber,
deals and hewed timber. The first direct ship-
Ment to Europe from this port was made several
years ago by H. C. Vaughan, at present the
Superintendent of the mill of the firm named
above, and consisted of hewed timber. This
firm averages a cut of 800,000 feet monthly, and
ships about 600,000 feet. The timber is brought
(6 their jnills from a radius of nearly 120 miles,
and ficated down the Dog and Pascagorila
Fivers, Mississippi, and several creeks. As it
lias to be brought many miles above the reach
of tide water, considerable difficulty is anticipat-
ed in the future floating of rafts, which even
now can only be done in a certain season of the
Yer. Az the timber men go more inland to
nt, the work of bringing the logs to the rivers
creeks becomes more arduous and expensive,
Ways are much needed which would carry
loge to tidewater, and thus afiord a continu-
‘and uninterrupted supply of material to the
There are at present ten mills in opera-
om the Dog and Pascagoula rivers, The
ie of fine quality and%commands the
price in the European markets,

SOME IRISH SAW MILLS.
Having a few hours’ time to kill, while wait-

.ing for the homeward bound steamer at London-

derry, Ireland, the writer thought he could not
employ them better than in a run through the
saw mills, ete., which he noticed along the
ducks as he passed up them on the deck of the
steamer, which had brought him thither from
Glasgow. Although a very different thing
from those of Canada, the saw mills to be seen
at Londonderry are neither few nor without
interest to a Canadian. Tney are, in fact, mills
which take up the lumber, as turned out of our
eastern mills, and fit it for actual use.

Londonderry is the chief point of supply for
the North-Western district of Ireland, and im-
ports each season about ten cargoes of deals
from St. John. N.B. ; three or four from other
ports of N.B., and about three from Quebec, be-
sides two or three cargoes of pitch pine. For
the conversion of this and such timber as the
neighbourhood produces into sizes and thick-
nesses suitable for the local trade, five saw mills,
etc., are employed. We say “etc.” because all
of these mills do more or less of other wood
work in addition to sawing.

While in Canada the first object is to save
labour, in Londonderry the first object is to
save the precious wood, and that they under-
stand how to do this will be conceded when we
state that we saw in the mills of Mr. Balantine
a three inch deal cut into six boards, with the
loss of only one quarter of an inch of the wood
for the five saws which had passed through it,—
that is just one-twentieth of an inch for each
passage of the saw. In many respects the gates
in which the saws are fixed for cutting deals are
not unlike one of the ordinary gang gates to be
found in any Canadian mill. They are, of
course, all driven by steam, and work up and
down in a gate, and the saws can be set to any
thickness desired, in much the same way as our
own. The frames in which they stand are,
however, of massive iron, and are all set on the
ground with a pit underneath, from whence the
sawdust can be easily removed. Most of these
gates are made for sawing two pieces of deals,
or other small timber, at one time. In the mill
of Messrs. Cook & Co. (you see they have
‘* cooks ” in the lumber business there as well as
in Canada) they have a gate which cuts four
deals at once, for which the ‘‘ sawyer” claimed

| great superiority over all others in use in the

city, and which, like all the rest of the
machinery in these mills, had been brought
across the Channel,—this particular one coming
from the establishment of Thos, H, Allan,
Johnstone, near Glasgow, while the others
came from the works of T. Robinson & Son,
Rochdale. Besides these ‘‘ gates,” all these
mills had one or more ordinary circulars, for
cutting up our square timber and the wood
brought in from the surrounding country. It is
a pity one half of the people of Canada cannot

see for themselves the kind of Irish timber the
writer saw in these mill yards, and in the course
of manufacture, Nine-tenths of our people
would consider it almost valuless for fuel, to say
nothing of making use of it for manufacturing
purposes, and yet here they were twisting and
turning it about, and cutting “it in this and then
in that direction, until the refuse was almost
reduced to nil. Seeing, they say, is believing,
and one certainly requires to see for themselves

the ingenuity displayed in the Old Country in
making the most of a piece of the roughest wood,
to appreciate in any degree the immense value
which even our most inferior wood possesses under
proper manipulation. As in too many other
cases, it is to be feared our people will only ap-
preciate the value of our forests when they are
gone,

In addition to the sawing appliances found at
the Messrs. McClelland’s establishment, they
were just getting into order, having been burnt
out about two months before, an extensive shop
for the manufacture of doors, sash, and wood-
work generally, Already they had a few
machines in operation, among them being what
seemed to our unpractised eyes a very superior
turning machine. Certainly no machine could
do the work allotted to it more expeditiously
or more neatly than this one did. They ako
had a new planing machine, which worked
everything perfectly true (at right angles) from
an inch up to 18 inches square. These machines,
like all the others we saw (with the single ex-
ception already noted) were from the establish-
ment of Messrs. Robinson, Rochdale, and were
built, if not regardless of cost, certainly regard-
less of the quantity of iron put into them. In
fact, as remarked to us, these machines were
built to, and never did, wear out.

Mr. Balantine’s is also a large establishment,
with several ingenious machines for making
mouldings, turning, etc., and the building trade
must certainly be, as they said, fairly active in
the North-west of Ireland, to give the full em-
ployment, which it seemed to be doing, to the
establishments of Messrs. McClelland, Balantine
and McAlwee. At Mr. Balantine’s we came
across an old friend from Deseronto, in the
shape of some doors from the establishment of
H. B. Rathbun & Son. Mr. Balintine says
these doors give entire satisfaction, and that
although there is a good deal of prejudice against
them, yet they are destined to run the home-
made article out of the market if the quality is
kept up and they can continue to be sold at
present prices. Upon this latter point, howey er,
he seemed to be rather skeptical, and at the
conclusion of a somewhat long conversation as
to their merits, he said the only suggestion
which he could make for their improvement
would be that the panel should not be fitted so
tight as it was, as the wood sometimes swelled
after they came,to hand to such an extent as to
make the] panel bulge, He attributed the

1100 feet ;

swelling to their damper climate, and suggested
that instead of being fitted tight up in the joints
a vacancy of say an eighth of an inch should be
left, so as to leave rooin for swelling. Doubtless
the attention of Messrs. Rathbun only requires
to be called to this point to ensure a remedy
being applied, while we are sure every one will
be rejoiced to learn from such a source of the
success attending the enterprise of Messrs.
Rathbun in sending this class of manufactures

across the Atlantic.
Seen

THE FUTURE LUMBER SUPPLY.

The Ottawa Free Press says that regrets have
often been expressed at the wholesale destruc-
tion of our pine forests by the lumbermen, but
of late years the destruction of vast tracts of
valuable timber by fire has led to the belief that
it is better the timber should be cut than that
it should be worse than wasted by annual con-
flagrations. In a former article we gave an
estimate of the rate at which the forests are dis-
appearing before the woodman’s axe to supply
the demands of the market, wherein it was
shown that ten years was the limit at which
the supply in the lumber regions of the North-
Western States could be relied upon, while that
of Canada could not be expected to last longer.

Should this forecast turn out correct, where
are we to look for the future lumber supply of
the world? An answer to this question is given
in the accounts which reach us from the far
west. Irom the mouth of the Columbia river
extending north into British Columbia there are
forests capable of supplying the prairies east of
the Rocky Mountains with lumber for a great
many years to come, and we fancy it is not im-
probable that, so soon as railway facilities are
obtained from the Western Slope to the North-
West territories, a great trade will arise. The
lumber, coal, fish, etc., of the Pacific coast find-
ing profitable exchange for the grain and meat
of the territories.

The forests of British Columbia have a world
wide fame. The timber consists chiefly of pine,
with considerable quantities of fir, spruce,
cedar and redwood, and a small supply of white
oak, hemlock and maple. The trees of this re-
gion show luxuriant growth. The yellow fir

|frequently attains a height of 250 feet ; pine,

125 to 160 feet ; silver fir, 150 feet ; white cedar,
white oak, 70 feet ; black spruce, 60
feet. Cedars have been found to measure 63
feet in girth, with a height of 120 feet. The
pine trees are known to the lumbermen as of
two varieties—‘* sap” and ‘‘overgrown.” The
““sap ” tree yields 6,000 to 8,000 feet of lumber,
and the ‘‘ overgrown ” 6,000 to 15,000 feet. Of
this timber is made all grades of lumber—ship
timbers, fencing, pickets, railroad ties, barrel
staves and headings, household furniture, etc.—
and the product is shipped in large quantities to
the Pacific coast of South America, while trade
is dene with Australia, France and England.

OUR QUEBEC LETTER.

SCARCITY OF PINE IN THE MARKET—FEW TRANS=
ACTIONS—THE ENQUIRY FOR OAK AND STAVES
—THE SHIPMENT OF SQUARE TIMBER BY RAIL

t —LATEST QUOTATIONS—MINING NOTES,
From Our Own Correspondent.

QueseEc, Oct. 6.—The past month has been a
very uneventful one in the Quebec timber
There have been but few transactions
worthy of reporting, and not much change of
prices, though in recent sales the prices of con-
tracts, made a month or six weeks ago, have not

market.

been nearly touched.
c WHITE PINE.

‘There is now remaining in first hands but a
few small lots of white pine, and these are held
There
is still a moderate enquiry, but holders, of
course, seek to improve the opportunity, and re-
Two or
three weeks since a raft of white pine in ship-
ping order, with some hardwood, changed hands
at 264 cents, while about the same time red
pine of 44 feet, or thereabouts, was sold at 22
Last week the sales were as follows :—
A raft of white pine, one of the choicest of the
season, consisting of three-fourths square, 62
feet average, and one-fourth waney board, 22
inch average, at 37 cents all round; another of
Square white pine,
45 feet average, fair quality, was sold last week
Within the last few days a raft of
fair quality, about 52 feet average, has been
sold at 26 cents, with half red pine, 88 feet
A raft of white pine, 45
feet average, changed hands this week at 264

by not more than two or three parties.

fuse to sell except at very high prices.

cents.

55 feet average, 28 cents.

for 28 cents.

average, at 174 cents.

cents.
RED- PINE.

Red pine, as may be judged from the prices
quoted above for mixed rafts, is not in much
demand. Prime wood of large average would,
On the other
hand a very large raft of poor quality has just

however, command a fair sale.

been sold at 11 cents.
OAK.

Oak is still held firm with a fair enquiry.
Prices have not materially changed since last
Two or three sales have been made
for early delivery by first rafts of next season.

quotations,

The figure is said to be about 49 cents.
STAVES.

Staves of all kinds are exceedingly scarce,

No change in price is reported.
DEALS.

Deals are scarce and in demand, particularly
spruce, which are much wanted. ‘There is said
to be little or no change since last sales, which
were quoted some time since for spruce at 36, 28
and 22c. for large lots, and 40c., 26c. and 22c.

for a small quantity.
FREIGHTS AND SHIPPING.

A few weeks will now end the shipping season

here, and then we shall have the annual returns

ha of stocks to winter here, which are certain, how-
The total number of
{ vessels of all kinds in port to-day is but 35, and
| Transac-
rr tions in freights during the present week have

ever, to be very light.
there are only a few more to arrive.

been as follows :—London, timber 24s.; deals,
62s. 6d. Dublin, timber, 24s. Grangemouth,
timber, 24s,
deals, 80s.

1¢
f

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT,

The following comparative statement of tim-
j ber, &c., measured and culled at Quebec, up to
Oct. 7th, has been received from the Supervisor
of Cullers’ Office to-day :

1879, 1880, 1881;
Waney White Pine..... 1,301,665 2,064,863 2,421,407
, White Pine ......0+..+8 2,503,875 3,874,801 5,455,785
Med Pines pins vem selene +» 741,499 954,884 1,872,004
Qc resarere'e Wevicielelaiaistainne 793,593 1,419,196 2,534,881
MDI ey atin uuiaiales:suterestate 318,074 922,530 1,009,440
ALBIN hac) cjere tninje el qiaryeinin eee 47,161 236,672 394,039
IBASSWOOGs veine sls esas 280 363 8,576
Butternut.....ceeecsee 70 645 2,991
Tamarac....-... ajaiaveiere 6,691 22,458 24,416
i Birch and Maple......+ 121,224 661,815 151,742
i Mastsand Bowsprits... 50 pes 4 pes 25 pes
ie SParBiceccs ose ce ewes 26 pes 23 pes
Std. Staves. .......000% 76.9.0.8 17.4.0.6 368.7.2.29
W. I. Staves........... 127.3.0.11 299.6.1.2 355.4.2.20

SHIPMENT BY RAIL.

The shipment by the Q. M. O. & O. Railway,
from above Ottawa, of Allan Grant’s square
timber, is progressing rapidly. Some 600 cars
have already arrived, and 500 more are expected,
The timber arrives in prime order, and is im-

Grimsby, deals, 65s.; timber, 35s, ;

THE CANADA

the coves.
THE APPOINTMENT OF A SUPERVISOR.

of the requirements of the trade.

having a properly qualified Supervisor.
MINING NOTES,

vigor.

Effect of Removing Mountain Forests.

istence of villages.

to allay the force of these waters.

the mountain.

of their trees and bushes.

evidently been formed very lately.

woods fall on the declivity of a mountain, may
torrents.”

The disastrous consequences of removing the

ed in many publications and official reports.

become a desert.

the popu ation. In 1862 the Minister will re-
mark a continuous and progressive reduction in
the number of hectares devoted to agriculture ;

each year will aggravate the evil, and in a half

century France will count more ruins and one
department less.” The departments of the
Upper and Lower Alps actually lost thirty
thousand inhabitants, or one-ninth of their
population, between 1851 and 1876, A law for
recovering the mountains with wood, which had
been prepared by M. Forcade de Rouguet,
director-general of the administration of the
forests, was adopted by the legislative bodies in
1860, and was put in operation shortly after-
ward.—Mm, MW. J. Cleve, in the Popular Science
Monthly.

Tur Newcastle Chronicle says a cargo of square
timber chocks has been brought to the Tyne,
via Hamburg, direct from Prince Bismarck’s
estate. The merchant who has received them
says the wood is as hard and square as the owner
of the estate himself,

Bogus Certificates,

It is no vile drugged stuff, pretending to be made of
wonderful foreign roots, barks, &c,, and puffed up by
long bogus certificates of pretended miraculous cures,
but a simple, pure, effective medicine, made of well
known valuable remedies, that furnishes its own cer-
tifieates by its cures. We refer to Hop Bitters, the
purest and best of medicines.x—Repubdlican.

mediately dumped into a pond alongside the
railway track, and there rafted and towed to

The whole trade is very much excited about
the vacancy in the Supervisor’s Office, and the
apparent determination of some few public men
to pitchfork into the office some political favorite
or hanger on, without the slightest knowledge
Numerous
representations, which it is to be hoped may
not be overlooked, have been unanimously
made by the whole trade to the Government,
setting forth the importance and necessity of

A French engineer, sent out by Parisian
capitalists, has just arrived here to investigate
the mining value of the gold lands at Beauce, in
the possession of the Quebec Mining Co. Should
his report prove favorable, the necessary capital
will at once be forthcoming. News from Buck-
ingham is to the effect that operations upon the
phosphate lands owned by the French Syndi-
cate are to be at once pushed forward with

Attention has long been given to devising
means to limit the ravages of these torrents,
which ruin the land, threaten estates, destroy
roads, and sometimes even compromise the ex-
Walls have been built along
the banks to protect them, or across the streams
The most
efficacious means, however, as yet discovered,
has been to maintain the woods on the slopes of
The effect of cutting away the
trees in promoting the formation of torrents
has not been doubted by the inhabitants of
mountainous regions, and is clearly set forth by
M. Surrell, who says:—‘‘ When we examine
the tracts in the midst of which torrents of
recent origin have been formed, we perceive
that they have in all cases been despoiled
Tf, on the other
hand, we examine hills whose sides have been
recently stripped of wood, we observe that they
are cut up by numerous torrents, which have
Here is a
remarkable double fact: wherever there are
recent torrents there are no longer forests, and
wherever the ground is cleared these torrents
are formed; and the same eyes that see the

see appear there immediately a multitude of

woods from the Alps began to attract attention
in the last century, and have since been discuss-

In 1858 the prefect of the department of the
Lower Alps said in a report to the Minister :—
“Tf prompt and energetic measures are not
taken, it will be almost impossible to designate
the precise moment when the French Alps will
The period from 1851 to 1853
will produce a new diminution in the number of

LUMBERMAN.

PEGS,

received valuable information.

diameter from eight to fourteen inches.

ness desired for the length of the pegs.

machines composed of fluted rollers,
creases both sides.
sizes of the pegs.

cut the blanks into pegs.

into large baskets.

such employment menial.

labor here shorten their lives),

running through them, and revolve one and one-
half times to the minute, drying two charges
per day to each cylinder. They are then passed
into large wooden casks, or cylinders, which
revolving rapidly, polish them by the friction,
the refuse falling through wire sieves or screen
openings, after which they are again passed
into a sifter, which separates all the single pegs
and drops them into tubs, or boxes, leaving those
which have not been separated in the machine.
They are then put in barrels ready for market.
The factory running on full time turns out 150
bushels, or fifty barrels, per day. The sizes go
from eight up to sixteen to an inch. The
lengths go by eighths, two and one-half to
twelve. Twenty-six hands are employed, half
of them being women. The products of this
factory are mostly shipped to Germany and
France, and enter largely into the manufacture
of toys and fancy goods, as well as into the shoe
manufactory. Thus the “‘ genii of mechanism”
converts, as by magic, the trees from the Ver-
mont mountains into articles of use, which,
floating off through the channels of commerce to
far away lands, anon return to sparkle the eyes
of happy children in toys, in which these pegs
have become important factors.

Hiow to Come it Over Hornets.

Mr. James T. Bell’s account, in the Canadian
Entomologist of the easy capture of hornets may
possibly serve as a useful hint to some agricul
tural reader in an emergency. The nest was un-
expectedly found in a stump during a walk in
the Belleville forests: ‘‘ A few days after, tak-
ing advantage of a cool morning, I sent my two
boys to the woods with a small bottle of chloro-
form and a hard rubber syringe. Accordiug to
directions, they injected about adrachm of the
liquid into the hole, and threw a handkerchief
over the entrance. In about five minutes they
opened np the nest, when they found the in-
mates in a perfect state of slumber, and trans-
ferred them without trouble to their cyanide
bottles. In about an hour they returned, bring-
ing me forty-eight specimans of the insect.”

Are You ?—Are you a Dyspeptic? Have you Indi-
gestion? Is your Liver sluggish? Does your food
trouble you? Does sleep fail to refresh you? ‘Is your
appetite and energy gone? Zopesa (from Brazil) will
cure you, tone you up, and invigorate your whole sys-

tem. Itisa gentle purgative, acts as a wonder upon,
and gives strength and energy to the Digestive appar-
atus. It is strongly anti-bilious, carries off all surplus
bile, tones the Liver, gives sound Digestion and speedy
health to the Dyspeptic and the Billious, Try a 10 cent
sample at least, ’

The New York Mail says :—It was the privil-
ege of the writer to visit the picturesque little
town of Arlington, Vt., which at the time
boasted a population of 2,500, three churches,
five stores, two hotels, an extensive car works,
sash and blind, and chair factory ; also a “ peg
factory,” which, by the courtesy of the foreman,
Mr. L. E. White (who had been employed there
twenty-nine years), he was shown through and
The timber
used is black and yellow birch, which is cut
into pieces four feet in length, varying in
These
logs are placed in a building in winter and the
frost extracted by steam. They are then runin
on a tram railway to the circular saw depart-
ment, and cut into slices or blanks of the thick-
These
are sorted and the knots cut out, and are then
passed on to a long bench which contains six
The
blanks are then run between these rollers, which
They are then run through
again to cross-crease, or mark out the exact
Then they go to the splitting
machines, which are set with double knives, and
As they pass the last
machine they are sorted, and all knots and dis-
coloured ones removed as they are brushed off
These machines are under
the care of young women, who appeared much
more happy and nseful than do many of those
who, thumping at their piano, would consider
The next process is
bleaching, which is accomplished by the fumes
of brimstone, which is unhealthy, (those who
They are then
placed in large cylinders, which hold eleven
barrels, and have six hundred steam pipes

Indian Forestry. , _

A correspondent of the New York Tribunc i

a lengthy article in which he gives a brie
history of some of the forest fires that hay
visited this and other countries, sets forth som
facts that are of peculiar interest in connec!
with the recent terrible conflagration that has
visited our own state. He states that the In-
dians; 48 he found while living among them,
made a practice of burning over the ground of
their forests once a year, as regularly as the
farmer plows his land. He claims that the
heat from these annual burnings is not gre. t
enough to injure, much less consume the trees,
but the flames clean the ground of dead es
and rubbish, destroying bugs and worms
killing the germs of malaria. The accumulation
of dry leaves, twigs, mosses and fallen timber,
he thinks, is the cause of the great forest fires,
such as those which have ravaged whole coun-
ties in this state and destroyed hundreds of
human lives. If the woods were sys ically
burned every year in this Indian fashion, there
could be no possibility of an accidental fire
gathering headway enough to become a destruc-
tive conflagration. Some year of drouth, he
fears, will see the Alleghanies and other timber
strongholds swept as bare as the Tyrian rock.
“Then the rainfall will cease, then the nation.
History testifies that nations have perished
from the earth when their forests perished.”
One remedy which occurs to this correspondent
for the destruction of forests by fire and by the
rapacity of lumbermen who cut down the trees
but plant none in their stead to supply the
coming generation, is the appointment of a
national commissioner of forestry, ‘‘a man who
knows and loves the life-giving wood, and who
would travel from state to state, section to sec-
tion, and forest to forest, protecting the timber
lands of the country.” —Lumberman’s Gazette.

em Ca

A Big Fire at Chandos.

A correspondent writes to the Mail as fol-
lows :—At dark on the evening of the 20th ult.,
the large lumber shanty in the north-east corner
of Chandos caught from a forest fire, and was
totally destroyed, also the stable, blacksmith
shop, meat house, and granary. The office was
saved by a sudden change of wind. The build-
ings were very extensive, the stable being 120
feet long, and the shanty (which last winter —
accommodated over 100 men) was 80 feet in
length, and all very substantially built last fall
by Mr. John Gault, an energetic foreman in the
employ of Messrs. Gilmour & Co., Trenton,
who expected to use the shanty for lumbering
another winter or two. A near settler (with
his wife and family of small children) occupied
the premises as caretaker for the summer, and
had his little summer’s grain stored in the stable,
and all burnt. He had done but little else for a
month previously but watch, carry water, and
fight fires in the woods around, and was be-
ginning to hope the worst danger was past.
But a strong northerly wind seemed sent on
purpose to consume everything in its track, and
earlier in the day reached and destroyed his own
private dwelling, about forty rods from the
lumber shanty. Himself and a few neighbours
fought the fire so long at the big stable, and the
shanty caught: fire so soon afterwards, that a
very few of the caretaker’s household effects
could be saved. To make matters more serious,
his wife had given birth to a child the same day,
and had to leave her bed and walk barefooted
to the nearest house (nearly half a mile), sup-
ported by a neighbour and his wife.

Birch Bark Rubber.

It is said that a dense black gum may be ob-
tained from the outer layers of the birch tree
bark by distillation, which possess all the ordi-
nary properties of gutta percha, and has the
additional merit of resisting the deteriorating
influence of air and the corrosive action of acids.
This advantage makes it useful as an ingredient
of India-rubber and gutta percha, which it ren-
ders much more durable. Whether these state-
ments are true remains to be proved

Are You Going to Travel?

Don’t forget a supply ofthat Dr. Fowler's Extract of
Wild Strawberry. It isa superior remedy for sea sick-
ness, and a positive cure for all bowel complsints in-
duced by bad water, ch of diet, or of climate.
Whether at home or abroad, it should be kept at hand
in case of emergency.

Se
VENNOR ON DECK.

‘Since Vennor’s predictions of cold for this
week has proved true his credit is up again in
the eyes.of the credulous. Therefore his pre-
dictions for the months to come are of interest.
Paste them in the inner recesses of your hat :—

A warm wave is likely to occur over ‘a large
portion of North America during the month of
November, 1881, and again during January and

ebruary, 1882.
A frigid wave may be expected towards

the close of November and entry of December,
1881.
The winds and storms of March will probably
ive ahead of time, and render the closing
wys of February exceedingly disagreeable.

he latter part of April and entry of May,

spring is likely to be cold and backward gener.
lly.

acterized by heavy snow falls on this side of the

antic.

= Western Canada, and sections south of the

ykes, navigation may remain open all the year,
close but for a very brief period.
December, 1881, will be a month of storms in
the Lake Region.-
‘The summer of 1882 will be generally unfav-
prable to agriculture, owing to cold and wet
veather-
_ Western sections will probably suffer more
from rains and floods than from thunder storms
or cyclones during the summer of 1882.

‘There wiil be brief periods of severe cold dur-
ng the winter of 1882, and longer ones of
warmth.

. Bestructive Fire.
New York, Oct. 10.—The Fourth avenue
horse car stables, owned by W. H. Vander-
bilt, and occupying a block, were burned
this evening. Most of the horses were taken
ont, but itis thought at least thirty perished.
Some say two hundred were burned. The loss
estimated at $200,000. The flames spread to
Morrell’s large furniture storage building, across
the street, which was destroyed. Some of the
finest furnifure in the city was stored there,
including $50,000 worth of painting, the pro-
perty of Vanderbilt, all which were burned.
eloss is estimated at $2,000,000.
.

A Very Uservt Kinp or VaRnIsu is made
Known by Leon Vidal, which is excellent for
producing imitation of ground glass, and will
donbtless be found available for other purposes,
The formula is: Sandarac,13 parts; mastlc ; 4

s; ether, 200 parts; benzol, 80 to 100 parts.

SEE TO 1T?—Zopesa, (from Brazil) will cure the worst
tase of Dyspepsia. A single dose will relieve in a de-
that shows its wonderful curative powers, and its
jar action upon the Stomach and Digestive Organs.
3 positive and absolute cure for Costiveness and
ipation, acting in a remarkable way upon the sys-
carrying off impurities. As a Liver regulator its
actions are most remarkable. It tones and stimulates

he Liver to action, it corrects the acids and regulates
the hg A few doses will surprise you. Sample

ttle 8.

+e

Set back 42 Years.

“I was troubled for many years with Kidney Com-
Plzint, Gravel, etc.,; my blood became thin; I was
ii and inactive ; could hardly craw] about ; was an
id worn out man all over ; could get nothing to help
€ until I got Hop Bitters, and now I am a boy again.
blood and kidneys are all right, and I am as active
252 man of 20, although I am 72, and I have no doubt

Ewill do as well for others of my age. Itis worth a
—(Father.)—Sunday Mercury.

WANTED.

A SITUATION IN A LUMBER FIRM, as Superin-
dent of Shanties and Drives; has had twenty years’
mperience. Good references can be given. Address
M. 8., 207, Rideau Street, Ottawa. 2u24

ILL MACHINERY FOR SALE.

TURPINE WATER WHEEL, 50 inches, Steam
Binder, 12 inches, with Steam Chest, Shafting and
ier Saw Mill gearing. Address P. O. Box 3652,

rie, Ont. 4.24

ANCOIS MARCHAND,

Manufacturer of all Descriptions of
TEAM BOILERS,

SHIPS WATER TANKS, Etc,
och Street, ix QUEBEC, P. Q,

“The winter of 1882 is not likely to be char L24-ly

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 3

MANUFACTURER OF

The Patent Lever Feed Shingle,
Box Board & Heading Machine

(Always takes First Prize.)

Rotary Saw Mills

IN FOUR SIZES, and other

MACHINERY for SAW and
GRIST MILLS.

1882, will remind one of winter again, andthe} @@- SEND FOR CIRCULAR. GX

CHARLOTTETOWN,

Prince Edward Island:

HOP, BITTERS, .

CONTAINS
HOPS, BUCHU, MANDRAKE,
DANDELION.

AND THE PUREST AND BEST MEDICAL QUALI-
. TIES OF ALL OTHER BITTERS. 8

THEY CURE

All Diseases of theStomach, Bowels, Blood, &

S Liver, Kidneys,and Urinary Organs, Ner- §&

ousness, Sleeplessnessand especially
Female Complaints.

$,000 IN COLD.

ill be paid for a case they will not cure o
help, or for anything impure or injurious

= found in them,

fa Ask your druggist for Hop Bitters and tr

Ethem before you slcep. Take no Other

#4 D.I. C. isan absolute and irresistible cure for
= Drunkeness,useofopium,tobaccoand §

narcotics.
SEND FoR CIRCULAR. &

AF LE MING:SON}

ELECTRO STEREO TY
SG COLBORNE ST.

ly

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.
FLEMING & SON,

26 Colborne St., Toronto.

Toronto

L14

Cures Cholera, Cholera Morbus, Dy-
sentery, Cramps, Colic, Sea Sick-
ness and Summer Complaint ; also
Cholera Infantum, and all Com-
plaints peculiar to children teeth-
tng, and will be found equally
beneficial for adults or children.

FOR SALE BY ALL DRUCCISIS.
T. MILBURN & CO.,

Proprietors, Toronto.

ROBERT SMALLWOOD) Flour Making »y ue New Proces

GRAYS PATENT .

NUISBLESS AULLER MILD

A Model of Perfection /
Every Mill a Success /

tions.
Smooth fron or Porcelain ROLIS.

serip
‘SOIUIG DONUD 94) JO SATIN

OATIVMISALAIY OR [LV AQ POS IAV ST LO][OY soy yew

CORRUGATIONS of all De

The Machine is Perfect in all its adjustments, and RUNS
WITHOUT NOISE.

It is doing Better Work than any other Machine in use.

Automatic Lubrication of Principal Bearings.

Driven entirely by BELTS.

Differential Speed always insured.

WEYMAN’S NEW IMPROVED PATENT
,elaim

The BEST ROLL FOR MIDDLINGS in the world. Over 6000
in use in this country and Europe. Send for particulars.

MILLER BROS. & MITCHELL,

Nos. 110, 112, 114 and 116 KING STREET

MONTREAL.
SOLE LICENSEES FOR DOMINION.

“da

Manufacturers of Improved Hoisting Machinery, MINING
and CONTRACTORS’ PLANT. Importers of BEST STEEL
WIRE ROPE. Mention this Paper.

L24-ly

4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

it necessary to resort to the use of steam, at a A WESTERN LUMBER KING,

largely increased yearly cost, to supply the de-

INFLUENCE OF FORESTS ON WATER-
COURSES.

Mr, David Dz Thompson, of Cincinnati, before year. The floods of spring are increased until lately been written up on the political side by
the American Association for the Advancement they are sufficient to carry away bridges and

destruction of our forests has at last begun to ges. What has happened to the Milwaukee | be interesting to his fellow.lumbermen :—
attract public attention, and the efforts of those | river has happened to all other water-courses in
who are endeavoring to awaken interest in the| the state from whose banks tthe forests have
preservation of the standing trees, and to pro- | been removed, and many farmers who selected
mote their cultivation where none exist, are | Jand upon which there was a living brook of
bearing fruit, especially in the prairie states of | clear, pure water, now find that the brooks dry
the West and Northwest. The arguments used up during a considerable portion of the year.”
are usually such as may be embraced in the| yen in the state of Tennesse, where com-
question : What shall we do for fuel, for fences, | paratively but little of the original timber has
for ships, for building material, for railroad ties, | heen cut, the same results are manifest. Hon.
and for the innumerable industries of which | J. p, Killebrew, late commissioner of agricul-
wood forms a part, when our forests have entire- ture of that state, relates that, upon visiting
ly disappeared? For all these purposes it is | the home of his childhood, a short time ago, he
probable that some substitute may be found. | wag surprised to find what at the time he left
But there are other uses for our forest trees,
and for which nothing else can take their place. was a considerable stream flowing through his
Important, possibly most important, among | father’s farm; had entirely disappeared, and its
these is the influence, and the effect of their re- former bed had been ploughed ip! "The pease
moval, upon water-courses, such as lakes, rivers, for it he found in the removal of the forests
pa and brooks, and also upon springs and along both its banks. A striking illustration o
wells.

Trees during a rain storm retain a vast quan-
tity of water. Fantrat found that the soil
covered with forests received six-tenths of the
whole rainfall, the trees havmg intercepted
four-tenths. The proportion, however, will
vary, depending largely upon the character of
th foliage and the nearness of the trees to each
other.

Besides, what is retained by the branches and
leaves, the roots, by keeping the soil around
them loosened, induce the speedy absorption of
the larger part of the rain which reaches the
ground, and much of which, but for the trees
and their effect upon the soil, would immediate-
ly flow away. The foliage of the trees by
partially or wholly excluding the sun’s rays,
prevents, in a large degree, the evaporation of
the water in the soil, which in a treeless region
soon renders the ground as destitute of moisture
as though no rain had fallen.

By the absorption of the rain as it falls, the
Hootie of the streams is largely prevented ; and
by retaining the water in this natural reservoir,
and allowing it to flow off gradually, the streams
‘are supplied with water continuously. It can
safely be said that no stream having its source
near a tract of forest has ever ceased to flow.

In the early history of the eastern and middle
states, a farm was regarded as lacking in an
essential feature if there was no spring upon it,
nd the farmer’s wife would as much expect to
do without milk-pans as to do without a spring-
house. But now a spring-house is a rare sight.

wished to purchase.

found here in Cincinnati.

to turn a mill,

flows in its former bed. his eastern competitors.

covered with trees.
base of mountains, the forest trees are of incal-

without opposition.
culable value, for by excluding the sun they

Shortly afterward the N

destruction tofall that may lie in its track, And entertained them well.
the fallen trees and branches,’ the“undergrowth,
the mosses and other herbage among the decay-
ing leaves, and the millions of leaves break the

internal cavities or “porus strata, from which

supply for the streams.
LE
——_—_—_—_
Wood for Fuel.

boots or a flat-bottomed boat.”

wood for fuel.

were covered with forests, and the first and | C8 production during the last half century,
most important work of the new settler was to wood still keeps in the van as fuel, the consump- | outbid the prospective senator.
cut away the timber, in order to get land upon tion in this country being im favor of wood
Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont, wood is | all who know him.

Many years there was, of course, no apparent
y : : almost the only fuel. In many “counties of

effect upon the water-courses ; but as the num-
ber of settlers increased, and the amount of
forest land decreased, the springs began to dry
up, and with them the brooks, creeks and smaller
rivers.

It is not unusual to find in many localities
the beds of what were once important mill
streams waterless, except when filled by sudden
freshets; and in this state certain streams
emptying into the lake, which were once declar-
ed navigable, will not now float a canoe. Pre-
vious to 1832 a Captain Delorac, of Hamilton,
Ohio, annually sent a fleet of flat boats down
the Big Miami river, at the spring rise ; but
with the destruction of the forests along that

percentage is about equal. Thickly populated | buy your logs.”
cities, like New York, and Hudson ‘and Essex | ‘I'll sell them,” was the reply.
counties, New Jersey, containing the cities of | ‘‘ How many have you got ?”
Jersey City and Newark, are put down asen-| “ About five million feet.”
tirely coal. In Pennsylvania, the great coalj ‘‘ Are they as good as last year ?”
state, there are many entirely coal counties,} ‘‘ Yes, just about the same.”
while in others, as Crawford, in the western] ‘* What’ll you take ?”
part of the state, not over 3 per cent. of coal is} ‘* Fourteen dollars a thousand.”
used. The same difference holds good in differ- “All right. Ill take them, and send you a
ent parts of New York.” check for $70,000 in the morning.”*
aan EEIEEEEEIEEEEmeeeenm This conversation is s fair sample of the sena-
A Good Deal of It. tor’s way of doing business.

river. the rise became so uncertain that the} At the late bankers’ convention at Niagara A good many people throughout the, state
enterprise was of necessity abandoned. Pro- | Falls, N.Y., the future utility of the water | maintain that Mr. Sawyer is a dangerous
fessor Newberry, in his Geology of Ohio, states | power of the falls was discussed, and the state- {| POWwer in politics, but they fail to show wherein
that the Ohid river has been getting lower and | ment made that the conversion of the 60,000,000 he has as yet done anything amisss, F ew of
lower, in dry seasons, for many years. About | cubic feet of water hourly passing down the} them haye as large interests at stake in the
1871-72 the Ohio sank lower than had been | river into horse power under a fall of 200 feet, | State, or can as well afford to be honest in their.
known before, and at Smith’s Ferry, where the | would yield an aggregate of 3,000,000 horse | Private or public relations, Surely it dught to
Pennsylvania line crosses, a ledge of rocks was| power, <A full utilization of this enormous} considered a credit rather than a reproach to
laid bare that had not been seen or heard of | force would serve the present needs of a popula- | Mr. Sawyer that he possesses the energy and
by any people living in that vicinity. tion four times that of the United States to-day. | bility to make his way from poverty to wealth,

Lapham says that ‘such have been the | Doubtless the time is not far distant when it from an humble saw mill on the banks of the}
changes in the flow of the Milwaukee river, | will be partly utilized; and it must be a sort of Fox mver to the senate: of the United States,
even while the area from which it receives its | relief to the economist to know that such a| retaining throughout his whole career the con-
supply is but partially cleared, that the proprie- | wonderful natural reserve force is at hand, if fidence and esteem of the people among whom
tors of most of the mills and factories have found | the need for it should’eyer arise, he lived, and who haye known him best,

5 Hon. Philetus Sawyer, one of the senators
We take the following from a paper read by ficiency of water power in dry seasons of the | from Wisconsin and a heavy lumberman, has | Timber Trades Journal :—

: é ; correspondent of the Chicago Times, who intro- | count given in your last number, at page
of Science, at that city, last month :—The rapid dams, before deemed secure against their rava- | duces into his article the following, which will | the increasing value of timber in the Nort

Mr. Sawyer’s home has been in Oshkosh for | its wholesale destruction by the original se
34 years, and everybody, irrespective of party, | who did not then know the value of ae they
not only in the city but in this entire section, is
his friend. He owns two or three counties in | which, he says, ‘from the standpoint of t
the pinery portion of the state, half a dozen | present time may be characterized as simph
swamps, a bank, a large share of a railway, and | atrocious.” N otwithstanding which, he goes
a goodly bundle of Government bonds. He is | to account for it in a very natural way, —
a thorough business man in the best sense of the | lea
term, and numerous good stories illustrative of atrocity i in it, the first, seettlers had no othe
his shrewdness are told by his admiring neigh- | option but to destroy the timber which ¢
bours. A*great many years ago, knowing that | ed their ground or starve. An phic
a very large tract of pine land, located in north- !
j ; : : : ern Wisconsin, was to be sold at auction in try|has first to consider how, with the means
his childhood’s home, thirty years previously, New York, he started out afoot and alone, and his disposal, he can make it support himse
and made careful minutes of the location and
extent of the most valuable sections of the Sos which probably is a scarce article
tract. When the sale began he was on hand, | him.
and began bidding on the parcels which he | of the most useful deecripbion to diabael aiall iz.
: : Some wealthy New| tion, it is to him not only a superfluity, but «
the total disappearance of a running stream is Yorkers, knowing that he had been on the| mortal enemy to be grappled with and «
i Deer Creek, in the ground and had spied out the best lands, | come before he can turn the ground on which it
boyhood of residents of this city, now of middle watched his course, and always outbid him. grows to any useful purpose—that is to gro
age, flowed with a stream of sufficient volume He went to the auctioneer and induced him to] corn and edibles, or green herbs for the service
The denuding of the hillsides, postpone further sales till the next day. Over] of
and the consequent exposure of the entire sur- night he employed an agent, and giving him | tio
face to the rays of the sun, have dried up the | memoranda of the sections he wished to buy, | tolerable road was made for him to the ne:
springs which formerly fed it, and no water now went back prepared for another encounter with | navigable river—which may be done ten ye
. The sale, went along | hence—he might make something of his timbe

The mountains are natural forest lands, and | very smoothly. Whenever Mr. Sawyer bid on but he must get it out of his way at once, or
up to a certain elevation should be perpetually |a parcel of land the New Yorkers raised him | much of it as will enable him to sow a piece c
To settlers living at the | out, while Mr. Sawyer’s agent bought his lots | land sufficient for him to raise food on when the

Vew Yorkers, who felt | sources he has been able to bring with him in
prolong the melting of the snows, absorb a large | that they had done a cunning thing, came out | the wildernees will probably have given ou!
percentage of that which has melted, prevent its | to Oshkosh to inspect their purchases. They | His strong arms and his trusty axe, with such
flowing off in a flood, and carrying death and | visited Pliletus at his pleasant home, and he | help as his family can give, are all he has to de
They apologized for} pend on, and the prospect is gloomy enough ;
outbidding him, but said they had such confi-
dence in his judgment that they knew they
must make money on the lands. He assured
force of the falling rains, which come quietly to | them that he had no hard feelings toward them,
the earth, and sink into the soil until they reach | and hoped they would be pleased with their
Ona pine. Just as they were starting out he said,
they are gradually distilled; through® perennial with a merry twinkle in his eye, ‘‘ Gentlemen,
springs, that keep up a constant and regular I would advise you, if you want to go over your
lands, to provide yourselves with long rubber

A few days later the wise men from the east

The United States Census Bureau hasbeen | took their way homeward, after discovering
gathering some facts upon the consumption of | that they had bought a quarter interest ina
After taking the figures in our | vast and bottomless marsh, while Mr. Sawyer
last annual for the coal output, the superintend- | owned all the good pine land in the tract. They
When the pioneers settled these lands, they ent says :—‘‘ Even with the large increase in the | did not stop at Oshkosh on their return trip,
and never registered their apologies for having

Mr. Sawyer’s word is considered as good as a
which to raise food for himself and family. For against coal in the proportion of four to one. In government bond of the registered variety by

A fortnight ago a wealthy mill owner of Fond
Massachusetts coal is ahead of wood, while in | du Lac went over to Oshkosh, and meeting Mr.
the States generally, as well as Connecticut, the | Sawyer at the depot, said, ‘‘ Sawyer, I want to

THE WORTH OF TIMBER. —
The following letter appears in the Londo

a Sm,—I have read with much interest the ae
American territories, which the writer trace

were destroying by every means in their pc ?

from it that, so far from there being

mes owner of a tract of land in a new ec -

family with the least possibly reel
If he finds his land covered with ti

If he could only wait till civiliza
came a little nearer to him, or till

next season comes round, by which time the re-

and, if he calls in fire to his aid, it is because
there is nothing else to befriend him. He find:
himself in precisely the same position as th
poor cock on the dunghill ; he wanted a barley
corn, instead of which he scratched up a precious
Stone, which was no sort of use to him. Not
y “fifteen, nay ten years ago, ” was it t
m to leave only the best trees, des
Ail nder 12 or 14 in., but even a this day (an
for to come) in Canada there will be n
settlers, in the remote forests, to whom the
i around them is the bane of their lives,
who would welcome a gang of lumberers willin;
to chop down the trees, though they were all of ,
black walnut, and clear them away for nothin &
as if they were good angels from heaven.
Sir, we have now great facilities for the t:
portation of wood, in the application of stean
and the use of railroads, which were unknown
to our grandsires, but even now the prices of
imported timber for building purposes do not
always represent the cost of getting it to market, ‘
even if the trees, as they stood before the
was laid to the root, were made a present f
gratis to the lumbermen who undertook the
work, In your number for August 27th, p. 142,
there is a report of the sale of a parcel of 4th
-Richibucto spruce deals lying at Barrow. The:
were of good mercantile lengths, 3 x 9 to 20 in.
wide, and the best sizes only fetched £5 fp
Petersburg standard. Now as £3, in row
numbers, goes for freight alone across the At-
lantic, only £2 would be left to pay for 165 c
feet of sawn merchantable spruce delivered o1
board ship in the port of Richibucto.
Query, after paying for cutting, squari
hauling to riverside, launching, rafting, an
floating down to port, then sawing, sorting, an
shipping, what would be left to pay for #
valuable wood as it stood in the forest? W
‘ever has been inevitably or even wantonly ¢
stroyed does not appear to render 4 i
building timber much more costly at the pre
‘day than the value of the labor bestowed on. -
to get it to market.—I am, sir, your const
Yeader,

Liverpool, Sept. 7th, 1881.

Dr. Meek meme 32: or Wiap ; ~ : .

summ arent
ker, piles and all mann: acc

pat flere ha wor

ee eee

THE EVIL OF SHOEING HORSES.

For some time past an active controversy has
been going on in England between those who
adhere to the usual style of shoeing horses and
a few innovators who contend that the old
method is the cause of more than half the

_ diseases to which horseflesh is heir.

The subject is treated very fully in a series of
papers, which appeared originally in the Farm
Journal. The writer, who goes under the nom
de plume of ‘“‘Free Lance,” has recently pub-
lished these productions in book form, and it is
on the opinions advanced therein that the fol-
lowing remarks are foanded—altogether ‘‘ with-
out prejudice,” as the lawyers say. ‘Free
Lance” tells us that during his working days
the horse suffers perfect martyrdom owing to
the interference with nature which results from
shoeing. The animal is forced to adopt an arti
ficial gait which sends aches and pains through
all the nerves, tendons, and muscles of his legs ;
he strains himself severely by slipping on greasy
roadways ; he is worn out unnecessarily by being
deprived of his natural grip of the ground ; and
frequently suffers mutilation or injury through
inability to keep his feet. But not only are
shoes responsible, it is said, for a great deal of
unnecessary pain and inconvenience to the horse
while at work ; they are the fruitful source, ac-

‘eording to the same authority, of numerous
diseases of the feet and legs which render him
‘prematurely unfit for use. Shod horses, accord-
ing to ‘‘ Free Lance,” are constantly affiicted
with corns, side-bones,sand crack, greasy heels,
seedy toe, dropsole, ring-bone, thrush, quittor,
ossified cartilages, spavins, curbs, splints, wind-
galls, navicular disease and other maladies ;
“while those who go without shoes enjoy almost
total immunity from these ailments. If this is
true, it is evident that the money loss involved
in the maintenance of the present system must
be enormous. Several eminent veterinary
surgeons maintain that a horse, and most other
animals, should live five times as long as it
takes to reach maturity. Horses do not usually
reach the full perfection of their powers until
seven years old, and consequently ought to live
until they are thirty or thirty-five years old.
Under existing circumstances, however, they
are termed old at ten and very old at twenty
years of age, while fully three-fourths either die
or are destroyed before they reach the age of
twelve. If horses beginning to work at three
@re worn out before they reach twelve years old,
then it is evident that the working life of the
animal is shorter by fourteen years than nature
intended it should be. In other words, three
horses, are used up in doing what ought to be
the work of one, and this extravagance in the
United Kingdom necessitates an expenditure
within a given time of about £200,000,000 in-
stead of £68,000,000. The causes of this un-
Necessary mortality, according to ‘Free Lance,”
are: The absence of springs and brakes from
the vehicles horses are compelled todraw. The
use of dangerous nostrums, together with hoof
ointments, stoppings, &c., by prejudiced farriers
and ignorant grooms. Last, but not least, the
use of shoes and the method of applying them.
Horses shoes are of comparatively modern origin.
“Xenophon, who wrote the most complete
work on horsemanship of his day, makes no
Mention of horseshoes; while, on the other
hand, he is particularly explicit as to the means
to be taken to harden and toughen horses’ hoofs.
He recommends specially for this purpose bare
stone pavement, which, he says, ‘will cool,
harden, and improve a horse’s feet merely by
his standing upon it, while the same benefit will
result to his hoofs as if he were made to travel
on stoney roads every day.’ Another writer,
Vegetins, says -—‘ The floor of the stable should
not be made of soft wood, but of solid hard oak,
which will make the horse’s feet as hard as
tock.’” Tt will be observed that these writers,
@ far from considering that a horse’s hoofs
should be spared because they are unprotected,
insist that constant contact with hard and rough
surfaces is cxsential to their preservation. They
probably deduced from observation the principle
which has been thus formulated by Mr. Miles :
—“ Kt is an invariable law of animal economy
to continue to unemployed structures the
measure of efficient reparation that is ex-
to parts constantly engaged in perform
allotted tasks.” If the horse’s hoof is

zZ

THE CANADA

intended by nature to bear rough travelling
without injury, it stands to reason that constant
subjection to the conditions it is designed to
meet can alone maintain it in a thoroughly
efficient state. ‘‘ The constant use of litter (in
stables) makes the, feet tender, and causes
swelled legs ; moreover, it renders the animals
delicate. Swelled legs may be frequently re-
duced to their natural size by taking away the
litter only. Let any proprietor go to his stable,
upon returning on a Sunday from morning
church service, when the horses will perhaps
have been left to themselves for three hours,
and he will find that his horses have been trying
to get rid of it by scraping holes in it, in which
to stand at ease and comfort on the bare floor,
having pushed as much as they can into the
gangway. It is probable, also, that instinct
takes part in their dislike to it, on the score of
its being unhealthy as well as uncomfortable to
them.

‘Even at the present time in many parts of
the continent of Europe, and in a considerable
portion of the rest of the globe, horses run about
over rocks, through ravines, and up precipitous
ridges, unshod ; yet all this is done without
difficulty, and to the evident advantage of their
hoofs, for these animals never suffer from con-
tracted feet, or from corns, sand cracks, &c.,
until they become civilized and have been shod.”
Again: “ During the mutiny in India many of
our cavalry horses went unshod, because they
could not get shod, and they never went better
in all their lives.” The special military corres-
pondent of the Morning Advertiser said recent-
ly of the irregular cavalry employed in the Zulu
war :—‘‘ Few of the men have their horses shod
in front ; some do not shoe at all.” On one ex-
eursion he made-in company with this corps
they had to go over ‘“‘sheets of polished, wet
and slippery stone in the torrent beds, making
one wonder how our unshod horses could keep
their feet. All through the reports on the war,
not a complaint was made as to these horses
fallmg lame. Surely there must be something
in this. Sheets of wet, slippery rock, and roll-
ing stones in river beds, would be calculated to
try the hoofs to the utmost ; yet in the pursuit
of the Zulus, when they fled at Ulundi, these
‘ ponies’ (from 144 hands downward) were able,
we are told, to follow miles further than the
shod horses. In North, Central, and South
American countries, where, outside the pastures,
hard, rough, stony ground largely predominates,
horses and mules do very heavy work without
any protection to their feet. In some parts of
these countries,” says our author, ‘‘it rains
every day in the year, and in other parts they
get dry roads during six months and wet ones
during the other six. The horses have to travel
over either, and over naked sheets of rock, as
they in turn present themselves, and, as Mr.
Douglas says, ‘without difficulty, and to the
evident advantage of their hoofs, for they never
suffer from contracted feet, or from corns, sand-
cracks, &c.’? Yet their work is of the hardest.

Many of them bring down from the interior |

(some hundreds of miles) two bales of cotton,
which weigh, with pack-saddle, &c., over 300
ewt., and in fording rivers have to carry across
the driver also. This is the way in which all
the commerce of the country is carried on.
There is not a horseshoe or a nail to be obtained
over the whole route, and on some roads at
crop times, nearly 2,000 pass daily, some des-
cending to the coast, and others returning in-
land. In Ireland ‘ donkeys are worked unshod
in draught and over macadamised roads, even
over loose broken stones ;’ and not only are their
hoofs uninjured by such treatment, but they
actually outgrow the wear and tear of work,
becoming turned up at the toes if not periodical-
ly rasped.”
SS
July.

During this month summer complaints commence
their ravages. To be forewarned is to be forearmed.
Dr. Fowler's Extract of Wild Strawberry is the best

preventativé and cure for all forms of bowel complaints
and sickness incident to the summer season.

ee

August,

The summer season now reaches its climax, and is
prolific in developing bowel complaints. Over-indul-
gence in fruit, immoderate drinking of iced waters and
gurmmer beverages, in a few hours produce fatal rav-
ages among children andadulta. Dr. Fowler’s Extract
of Wild Strawberry is the most reliable remedy for all
forms of summer complaints. Safe, pleasant, and
prompt in iteeffects. Alldealers keep it,

LUMBERMAN.

5

E. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent,

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. LI

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,
paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000; and above
percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. iy.te

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. lyulA

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.

fax Every accommodation for Commercial and

LUMBERMEN.
W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

L14
Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and pony, kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find ‘‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are well furnished. (ena Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free ’bus to and from trains and
steamboats. b26

TRUSSES.

SH CLUTHE’S PATENT SPIRAL TRUSS
Hall attachments improved. No more
ig buckles, all on solid brass casting
Book on rupture and human frame free,
Send address in full post card. Best
45 true information about rupture and
deformities. CHAS. CLUTHE, Surgical Machinist,
118} King Street west, Toronto. 12113

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY

(ESTABLISHED 1856.)

2). CreEOss,

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOPGDICAL
INSTRUMENTS. ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. L19-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.
BREAKFAST.

“By a thorough knowledge of the natural Jaws
which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition,
and by a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
fast tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the
judicious use of such articles of diet that a constitution
may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
every tendency to disease, Hundreds of subtle mala-
dies are floating around us ready to attack wherever
there is a weak point. We may escape many a fatal
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame.”’—Civil Service
Gazette.

Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold in
packets and tins only (4-lb. and Ib.) labelled

JAMES EPPS &°CO., Homeopathic Chemists,
London, England. L19-ly

OS SS

GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.

Has no equal for the permanent cure of
Coughs, Colds, Sore Throat, Asthma, Creup,
Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and
. all Lung Diseases. ¢
. camel ax bottle guaranteed to give satisfaction.

MILBURN & CO., Proprietors Toronto.

PORTLAND FOUNDRY.

JOSEPH M-AFEE,

(Late Axous McArzz.)

Warehouse, Main St., St. John, N-B.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

MANUFACTURER OF

Cooking, Ship, Parlor & Office Stoves

MILL CASTINGS

Ship Windlasses, Capstans, and
Ship Castings of all kinds,

(MADE TO ORDER.)

Power Capstans, Patent Ship Pumps

ly With Copper Chambers. 120
Lead Scuppers & Water Closets & all
goods in my line for Ships’ use.
Work done to Order with Quick Despatch.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,
Shipping» General Agents
PORT HOPE.

KERR BAUS,

PRACTICA

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw and Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL, ;

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES. r

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS.

= Plans and Specifications on application. SR

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE

Walkerville, Out., June 1821.

WORKS.

12116

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. |

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-

tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

The Canada Lumberman

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co, PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :
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Special rates will be made for page, half page and
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Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
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east three clear days before the day of publication, to
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All communications, orders and remittances should
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Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
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guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. OCT. 15, 1881,

Huan SurHErtanpd & Bro. have bought out
-Towless’ lumber limits on Rainy Lake, com-
prising 100 square miles, his mill at Fort Francis,
his lumber on hand and logs, his farm, and his
buildings. It is their intention to dispose of
their retail business and go into the manufac-
turing and wholesale business exclusively.
They will enlarge the present mill at Fort
Francis to a capacity of 20,000,000 feet per
annum. There are 300,000,000 feet on the limits,
The sale yard will be at Rat Portage and the
head offices at Winnipeg.

TaE Timber Trades Jowrnal says the introduc-
tion of steamers into the timber trade has had
one good effect which must not be ignored—we
mean the increased speed with which cargoes
of wood goods are discharged. Some of the re-
corded feats in this line would have been
thought impossible a few yearsago. One of the
latest instances that have come under our notice
is the screw steamer Nellie, belonging to Messrs.
Pyman & Co., which arrived at West Hartle-
‘pool from Soderhamn, on the 16th inst., with
240 standards of deals and boards for Messrs.
Harrison & Singleton. The vessel was berthed
in the Hart Dock at 9 a.m., the cargo was all
sdischarged by eleven o’clock the following morn-
ing and the vessel proceeded to sea the same
might with a cargo of coals.

Tak Timber Trades Journal says Sweden
slerides American competition in the wood trade,
as the difference of expense in getting to market
there under our free trade system is glaringly
against our colonies. This may be seen ata
zlance, requiring no elaborate argument to prove
it, 60s. was quoted in our last impression as
the freight of deals, from Quebec to London,
which is below the average, and only a lower
port rate. 45s, in the same paper is stated as
the freight from Sundswall to London, which is
pbove the average. So that we may assume the
Zhe minimum difference to the advantage of
Sweden is 15s. per standard. This is just the
same as if, being equidistant, Canada goods
were subject to a duty of 15s. per standard,
equal to about 10 per cent. on the f. 0. b. price
of high-class deals, and 15 to 20 per cent. on in-
ferior qualities. This is a barrier which, like a
turnpike gate, there is no evading. Under a
system of duties Canada was put formerly on a
more level footing, but free trade leaves our
colonies to shift for themselves against the
watural advantages of other countries,

0 | arrival at the other end of the broad Pacific into
| dimensions: to suit ; not that they can be better

SprAkinea of the forests of Russia, L’Hcho WESTERN LUMBER TRADE.

Forestier says :—On the estate of Lenine, be-
longing to Prince Wittigenstein, there are 56,-
883 hectares of woodland covered with trees of
the greatest commercial value. The oak appears
to be the favorite, and there are no less than
half a million monarchs of the forest upon the
estate, valued at over four and a half million
francs. There are also 450,000 pines, valued at
ten franes each, or 4,500,000 francs. ‘The entire
value of the wood on the property is estimated
at over a million pounds sterling.

Tue Port Blakely, Wash. T., Mill Co. are| clear, two-inch; A and B selects, two-inch ;
enjoying a large lumber order from Shanghai,
the filling of which will require five vessels, the
aggregate cargoes amounting to 3,000,000 feet or
more. Three vessels are there now for loads,
namely, the Larl of Elgin, the Hollander, and
the Marsha, all barques, and two more are ex-
pected soon to arrive. Thelumber goes in large

pieces—squared timbers, which are again cut on

and one-fourth inch A and B selects.

amended list during the coming month.

or more cheaply cut there, bnt that by some
custom regulation a light tariff is imposed on
the importation of manufactured timber. This
order is, perhaps, the heaviest one that ever
came to a Puget Sound mill from China.

meeting :—

THE Montreal Gazette, in an article on forest
ictd Wates as follows :—We want more bush
than we have. We want not only protection
for what is left, but a system by which tree
planting may be regularly prosecuted wherever
it is needed. We want, in fact, what almost
every State in Europe has long found the ne-
cessity of, a complete scheme of forest manage-
ment, including schools of forestry, where young
men may be trained for that purpose. These
should be established at once. There is no lack
of experience on the subject to our hands. Why
should we wait until some sudden wave of de-
struction sweeps all before it, and leaves us
nothing but helpless regret? With a regular
system of educated forest officers and police,
adapted both for preservation and creation, we
could in a few years do much to atone for past
neglect ; otherwise, we may some day be reduced
to the position of Madeira, which received its
name from its magnificent and varied wealth of
forest, but which has long been dependent on
foreign supplies for even the materials of native
construction.

months of navigation remain,

by a large difference.

hand, placing that of lumber at 511,964,279 feet,

SS ee and 66,355,000 shingles.
A CORRESPONDENT of the Buffalo Lumber
World says the Saco is the most wonderful river
with its tributaries for growing pine lumber of
any place in all New England. Although
cutting pine has been going on for one hundred
years, get it appears to be inexhaustible. It
comes up everywhere, and it appears that it
makes no difference what kind of growth is cut
off, it comes up to pine, and mostly white pine.
About forty millions of all kinds of pime, spruce
and hemlock are floated down the Saco every

Cc, P. R. LAND DEPARTMENT.

the Hudson Bay Co. here, as Land Commis-
sioner. Mr. C. F.

At the monthly meeting of the Chicago lum-
ber dealers to fix the October price list, the di-
rectors recommended that no changes should be
made except in shingles, in which item of the
list they recommended a decline of five cents
per thousand on clear, and twenty cents per
thousand on extra A and standard A. This
recommendation was at once adopted by the
meeting, but on a motion for reconsidering this
action a few further changes in the list were
thought judicious, and on motion an advance of
$1 was ordered on the items of first and second

one and one-fourth inch third clear, and one
With
these changes the former list was re-affirmed as
the October list, and will so stand unless cir-
cumstances shall dictate the necessity of an

The Lumberman says that the accumulation
of stocks at Chicago is not at all in proportion
to the increase in the volume of trade, and this
fact was officially recognized by the following
resolution, which was recommended by the
board of directors, and passed at the above

Resolved,—That in the light of the experience
of the season of 1880, and thus far during the
season of 1881, the past, present, and prospec-
tive increase in the consumptive demand for
lumber throughout the West imperatively re-
quires of the Chicago lumber dealers the holding
of a stock in their yards on January next
amounting to not less than 650,000,000 feet, in
order that the requirements of their customers,
both as to quantity and shipping condition,
may be fairly met; and we, as a board of
directors, would point to the fact that but two
during which
time an increase of 75,000,000 feet must be
obtained during each month in order to meet
what we firmly believe to be the requirements
of a healthy winter and spring business, and
that, in our opinion, the present prospect and
rate of increase do not warrant the belief that
the necessary quantity is likely to be realized

The secretary presented an estimate. based
upon his daily reports of the present stocks on

and of shingles at 200,600,000, on September 25,
an increase, as compared with the yard reports
of October 1, 1880, of 47,916,234 feet of lumber,

Early in May the Company, having taken
into consideration the organization of a land de-
partment to deal with the vast acreage to be
awarded as the line progresses, decided to es-
tablish the head office in Winnipeg, and ap-
pointed Mr. J. H. McTavish, Chief Factor of

Kindred, formerly chief

pleted, all improvements placed on the pre
shall remain ; that the purchaser will regul
pay all taxes, and that he will cut no we
timber upon the land except for fuel and {
ing and the erection of buildings thereon. |
provided that the purchaser shall, within f
years after the date of the agreement, br
under cultivation, and sow and reap a crop
three-fourths of the land, but if he shall ¢
buildings thereon, satisfactory to the
and shall reside thereon continuously for th
veers ot eo ee t
half of the land shall be by him go ¢
and cropped within four years. It is
provided that the purchaser will be al
credit of $1.25 per acre for each acre c
and cropped during the four years, or if
buildings and reside on the land cont
then the period during which pea
made and allowed for will be
completion of the payments and the perfo
ance of the terms of the agreement, the Cx
pany will give a deed conveying the land in
simple, reserving, however, a strip or strips 2
feet wide to be used by the Company for rig
of way or other railway purposes, wherever
line of the C. P. R. or any branch thereof is
shall be hereafter located over the land. If t
purchaser fails to carry out the terms of h
agreement, all his rights, etc., in the land w:
cease, and it will revert to the Company, b
the Company may, in its discretion, revalue th
land and mrke a new sale of it to the purch
at the revaluation.— Winnipeg Free Press.

omp

A Large Wainut Tree.

Malachi White, of Middletown, has sold
Watson & Buckman, lumber dealers, of Net
town, Pa., the large walnut tree which has ste
in the door-yard for at least 150 years past, an
from which the farm derived the name of ‘* W;
nut Green. From the best information th:
can now be obtained, it is supposed the tr
was planted by John Woolston, the owner
the farm, about the year 1728. The tree
twenty feet in circumference, nineteen feet
the limbs, and as straight as an arrow. om
of the limbs are about three feet in diamet
and thirty feet long, making good sized saw log
The tree was a great bearer, and it is said th
as many as sixty bushels of walnuts have gro
on it in a single year. The cutting and haulij
of such a tree is no inconsiderable task, and
had to be chopped for a considerable dis
before the eight-foot cross-cut saw could |
worked to advantage. After cutting the tr
down the log was cut off nineteen feet long, ax
loaded on a log carriage and taken to Ne
where it will remain about a year, or until t
sap becomes colored, before it will be sawed

clerk of the Northern Pacific Land Department
in St. Paul, was subseqently appointed Assist-
ant Commissioner, and the organization of the
department has been rapidly completed by Mr.
McTavish, who secured the premises formerly
occupied by the Bank of Montreal here for
offices. Land examiners have been in the field
for some time past, and the office staff have
been busily engaged recording and classifying
the applications that have been made to pur-
chase lands. Over 1,500 applications have al-

Departineste of rane Lands

TORONTO, 67H Ocrorsr, 18S!

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT, UNDER
ORDER IN COUNCIL,”

TIMBER BERTHi

In the undermentioned Townships in the

MUSKOKA and PARRY SOUN

year, yet the supply appears to be abundant.
Only about sixty miles miles of this river is
capable of log driving, as above that the stream
is too rapid and rough to admit of it. It is cal-
culated that the town of Frysburg has now
eighty million of pine timber, and it grows at
the rate of five millions a year, or 16 per cent.
There are no square edged pine shipping boards
sawed on Saco river now. The small and
roughest logs are sawn into § in. box-board

rough edged, and sell for from eight to ten
dollars per thousand. The largest and best are
put into sugar box shooks for the West Indies
market. The price for the last two years has
been very low, about 50 cents apiece, It takes
three thousand feet to make one hundred boxes.
The other logs are sawn into 1§ in. boards for
heading, and of thése there are a large amount
made on this river, They sell for 18 to 25 cents
per pair, according to size. It takes one thou-
sand feet to make sixty pair on an average. A
large part of heading lumber is sawn from hard
pine, as it grows in abundance on the plains.
Hemlock boards now sell for $12, spruce $14 to
$16 per thousand. There are not so many mills
now as formerly, but what they are make up in
speed and despatch what the lack in number,

ready been received, the amount of land repre-
sented by them amounting to about 750,000
acres. On Monday, the 26th, the Department
will commence to deal with these applications,
and will on and after that date be prepared to
sell land. In all cases in which persons have
settled on railroad lands in good faith and

will be respected, and they will be allowed to
purchase the land on the Company’s advertised
terms.

The Company has decided to sell only to act-
ual settlers or to persons who agree to cultivate
and otherwise improve, and the pernicious evil
of speculators buying large tracts and locking
them up will be thus avoided. The price of
lands will be $2.50 per acre, one-sixth in cash
and the balance in five equal annual instalments.
The form of contract which has been prepared
provides that until the final payments are com-

“‘Musv say it’s the nicest thing I ever used for the

teeth and breath,” says everyone having tried ‘ Tea-
berry,” the new toilet gem, Geta 5 cent sample;

made reasonable improvements, -their claims

DISTRICTS,

Will be offered for Sale Public Auction at t
partment of Crown at twelve o'clock noo

On TUESDAY, the 6t
day of December next,
viz. :—Townships of Mo

Blair, Mi ar :
Patterson, Mills, Sinclair, ane, roadioc Go 2
f r , Laurier, Pringle, Lount, N
The area to be disposed of in the above O' ip
Timber Berths is upwards of 1,400 miles, and
suit all classes of purchasers each — ‘
nearly as practicable, be divided into four

Sheets containing conditions and terms of S$
information asto Area and Lots and Concessic :
prised in each Berth, will be furnished on applicat
personally or by letter, to the woods and forests bi
of the De ent, or to the Crown Timber Offices
Ottawa, eville and Quebec, and the Office of T
Johnston, Esq., Parry Sound, 2

4uo4 CoNNT

Ld

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

PA RK EK R && EK W- AN No) SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President.

SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE

FAMOUS INTERNATIONAL

BOILER FLUID COMPOUND.

‘Patented 5th March, 1877.

This Compound will savé its Cost many times in one year by saving fuel.

It eradicates scale, and when the Boiler is once Clean a very small quantity
Eeeps it Clean and Free from all Incrustation.

It is perfectly harmless to Iron, and emits a clear pure Steam.

In ordering, mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN.

L24ly
504 St. Paul Street, MONTREAL.

IMgraver on

And ELECTROTYPER. -
46 King Street, ST. JOHN, N.B.

s2 NEWEST DESIGNS AND BEST WORK.

W=~ MACHINE CUTS A SPECIALTY.
aoe tye Nok AY

MANUFACTURER OF

Steam Hngines and Boilers

AND ALL KINDS OF MACHINERY.
Locomotives, Stationery and Marine Engines and Boilers, Girders, Heaters, Radia-
tors, and all kinds of Steam and Brass Fittings and Sheet Iron Work; and dealer
in all classes of Railway, Steamboat and MILL SUPPLIES.
L24-ly 144 Upper Water Street, HALIFAX, N.S.

WILLIAM CAMPBELL We give a Good Tweed Suit for

(Late CAMPBELL & FOWLER.)
MANUFACTURER OF

paige Tools, Axles, Springs,

—

Robertson Place, Smythe Street - ST. JOHN, N.B.

*.

.

S
WN ~ @
NIN =
\
S| JM - HN
J JAY WS
SW

Drake Brothers Box Mill,

Provost Street Extension, New Glasgow, Pictou County, N. 8.

SPRUCE, PINE? HEMLOCK SHINGLES

Fr. EE. DRAKE. L22-ly nN. . DRAKE.

D. McLACHLAN & SONS,

Manufacturers of all Descriptions of

STHAM BOTTLE RS.

SHIPS’ WATER-TANKS. Repairing Punctually Attended to.

NORTH SLIP, 8ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

ly-120

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by

The Canadian Steam Users’ Insurance Association

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO.

GHORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.
A. F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. ly1i7

J. F. LAWTON
Alexandria Saw Works

SAINT JCHN, N.B.

Saws ofall kinds manufactured from
} the BEST CAST STEEL that can be
procured in any Market,

Y¥ EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SAWS REPAIRED in the best manner
and on Short Notice.

Send Address for Price List, Terms, &c.
122 J. F. LAWTON.

HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres.

ee") Nos. 115, 117, 119, 121, King St. ast, Toron o.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.
We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the

?! very best goods in Scotch, Engiish and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.

nee $6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 1 50
We give a Good Overalls for .......-...e0- O 35

LUMBERMEN!

124-ly | When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a

Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing

House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lytl3

g

THE CANADA

at ae "i

THE NEW DOCKS AT LIVERPOOL,
The Timber Trades Journal
the reception accorded to the Prince and
Princess of Wales at Liverpool on Thursday
week was of the most gratifying character. The

Prince performed the ceremony of opening the

great dock gates, and the Princess the interest-
ing duty of “ christening ” one of the docks, the
Alexandra. Ata banquet following the cere-
mony the Prince of Wales, in replying to the
toast of his health, alluded to this important
addition to the dock system of Liverpool in
these words :—‘‘ We are not likely to forget the
reception we have met to-day at Liverpool ; and
although it is by no means the first time that
we have visited this great and important city,
still the special occasion which brought us here
to-day is one which is not likely to be forgotten
by us. We have not only visited your great
and important city, but we have taken part in
a great and interesting work, one which, I trust
and feel convinced, cannot fail to improve, if
possible, even still more the great commerce of
this city, and at the same time evince the great
modern engineering skill of the present day.
Everybody knows that Liverpool, after London,
is the second largest city in the United King-
dom, but there are a few statistics connected
with the docks of this great city which I per~
haps may mention on this occasion. At the
commencement of the century dues wore paid
on 450,000 tons, and in the presen§ timg they
amount to 7,800,000—very nearly 7;900,000—
tons. In the year 1864, when, my, late lamented
father visited your town, and opened the dock
which is now called after his name, the docks
and basins amounted , to only 27, whilst now
they amount to 58, Again, in that year the
length of the quays was nine and a half miles,
and ignow amounts to forty miles. At that
time the water space occupied by the docks was
122 acres ; it is now 543 acres, and whilst the ex-
tent of the dock estate was then only 506 acres,.
it now amounts to 1,545. These figures, show
clearly the great prosperity of this city, and
they also show, under the able chairmanship
and able management of the chaisman of the
Dock Board, how flourishing everything im con.
nection with these great docksis, I must not
forget to allude to the name ofone who, though
he is taken from you, myst ever remain in your
memories, the name.of the late Mr. Jesse
Hartley. It was he who first founded the
modern system of docks. After his death his
son succeeded him, but only for a skort time,
and then the mantle of Mr. Hartley descended
on the shoulders of Mr. Lyster, the present en-
gineer.”

We abstract the following diesexiption of the
new docks from the Daily News, :—

“‘The river front of the Dock Estate at Liver-
pool and Birkenhead is, about eight and a balf
miles. It covers more.than 1,500 acres, has a
water area, including the new docks, of 543
acres, and forty miles of quays. Highty years
ago the vessels entering the docks and paying
dues fell far short of half a million; now it is
nearly eight millions—figures which show the
rapid growth of the latter in size. The new
docks are calculated to accommodate the largest
ships now in use, and were commienced eight
years ago. A sea wall, crowned by a magnifi-
cent promenade, extends northwe.rd for 6,000 ft.
across the front of the new dor:ks to the Sea-
forth Battery, whence another ‘sea-wall returns,
almost at right angles with thre first-named, to-
wards the shere. The area thus enclosed is
about 310 acres.”

In reference to the Canada Dock, the writer
says:—The Canada Basin and its piers, con-
structed some years ago, have been in a great
measure rebuilt and remodelled. Large timber
jetties have been added outside the pier-heads,
for the purpose of sheltering the eftrance and
facilitating the egress of ships. To all who
know the Mersey this care to prevent accident
will not appear superfluous under certain condi-
tions of wind and tide. The basin has also been
enlarged, and an elaborate system of sluices
constructed within it and carried along the
jetties to the outer heads,”

In the ‘‘Alexandra Dock the main body of the
dock is an irregular rectangle, 1,600 ft. long by
500 ft. in width, enclosing some seventeen acres
of water ; the total water area is 444 acres, with
11,814 feet of quays, The water area of the

says that

whole group of new docks is 81 acres, with more
than four miles of quays and 25 acres of new
sheds.” ,

OTTAWA SQUARE TIMBER TRADE.—1881.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Orrawa, Sept. 26.—The following is a detail-

ed statement of the number of cribs of timber

brought down from the Upper Ottawa during

the present season :—
J.R. Booth.......... BE ioe aL Ant bein pedaciiepod 529

ReCampbellli&' Sone’ <0.) atepice vols ve sidins «elt ea sida dasl 580
WA MCLEAN. cid cecies ons alsinvacievnsDecesemannanes 244

Hilliard & Dickson.........005+ssssccescaa Otehaia’s nie 106
Hiraserjso CULL. ocr wna vie ols'e\s/etpieie's| vis s'aistan is Wagiiginre.m (a'eloinis 114
DOLD HIRASGN steleie/slalslsteiateipiols eielstelsiae seins 112
J. Francis & Co.......00s aipanchin ARS SPPL cies elena we 243

Bell & icky 5 icc. cn vie ve ears mcine so oeececie+ > nse 119
Fraser & McCoshem........ccccsescsensessesccserss 381
J.& S: BYYSON......s0ccenccssse oo Gdoneeranasdrinons 189
Thistle & Eagan......- niclu aipinis alciete’otaele’miplaietelacaiayaiels 179
R. & W. CONLOY. cee e cee ce reece eee settee ee cenee 176
Davi MOOG. .cecrncevcccrcesrecscsteeeecesssserere 185

(Re QI, Whiter. ....scoeee- PRODU ER COO Ty tre CROC 99
“Alex, Fraser..........++ sibtelais elecrie: Aa een Reem side: e 144

Vie Soy Quien aire waite rerorecvarerwerwateraiororei ciel atetsieveofvivie:aisip 108
Barnet & McKay .......csceceereraeecesececconeans 309
McLachlin BroSi..sssc.sscscccecsecsvcevssscssedee 271
Robert Grant.....cesccecsevcccscssscesusnsseeeces 56
J. & G. Heavy. ..ccccsscveceescscccavscevessessres 34
WY Croft, .ccccscvecrcunscccdevecebcvcateusnscsesse B34
Boyd, Caddliwell....ccscccvcvcsscscsnseevercscsseces 88
McCool & Sunstrum.....cccccccececvesseeeescteace 87
Gillies Bros. .....c.00scceece aUicaelail tia/e aists vistors sletaie 88
BiLS BrOS 7, ears js bu 0) sie aleinielsimieisisibialietna. wile « wiSliaisle)s Fie 53
Wika WWERSOYN>''cclocisie tlie s'e eile eiclwlals viele s stele sists stata sts 93
Ge POMEPOTE, © i. sis. cle we wecelsiese ce salelvine ce viersicvse 18
PUBML WOUM PB © icieiecivin’aa) le ce voles sea vieinivs) > aisin/ve weiss. ee 93

iChag: & Wan, Mobric, wvsecve sive cae, ccc vvesieapais 81

Young & Bronsoms ....sccctesscnwccccsatvvssvecese 89
James Findlay .....csceccectesvtcentvssstesseacees 12

This givos a total of 5,749 cribs ; but, in addi-
tion to the above, there was a small raft brought
down for James Findlay by rail, while all the
timber of the British Canadian Company is
coming down the same way. The timber by
rail would be equal to 600 cribs, so that the
erand total of timber reaching market will be
6,349 cribs. To this must still be added 750
cribs in the four rafts of O. Latour ; the thrée
of David Moore, and one of R. and J. White,
which stuck in the Upper Ottawa, in order to
get at the season’s output of square timber.

An Architect on the Situation.

An architect, who has done a good deal of
work for speculative builders this season, is in-
clined to think that the marked activity seen in
the last six monts, will decline gradually for the
next six months.

“ What about prices?” asked a representative
of the Real Estate Record, of New York.

“My opinion is that the price of labour and
material will fall to their normal condition, and
then people will think about building again.
You know that from 1865 to 1873, the market
was in a see saw condition, A year of activity
was followed by a year of dullness. Of course,
when the panic came, everything came to a
standstill for several years. It is only within
the last two years that the building trade has
regained its wonted buoyancy.”

Don’t you think there are too many high-
priced houses in the market to-day ?

**T have no doubt of it. As soom as prices
become settled, builders will start mew enter-
prises, and as a natural consequence vvill be able
to place houses in the market next year at a
figure lower than those who have built this year
possibly can.”

Somebody will lose money then ?

“Yes, but the few will suffer for the good of
the many. Rotten concerns will be pushed to
the wall, and safer business must imevitably
follow.”

Nature Makes no Mistakes.

Nature’s own remedy for bowel complaints, cholera
morbus, cholic, cramps, vomiting, sea sickness, cholera
infantum, diarrha@a, dysentry, and all diseases of a like
nature belonging to the summer season, is Dr. Fowler's
Extract of Wild Strawberry, which can be abtained of
all dealers in Medicine,

A WAVE OF IMPORTATION.

The Timber Trades Journal, of Sept. 17, says:
—Not only in London but. all along the east

goods reported in our last. number, chiefly from
Scandinavia and the Baviie, by reason of about
a week of northeasterly, winds blowing steadily
on that side of the island of Great Britain, being
really the first spell of that kind which we have
had from that dixeetion for some months past.
The prevailing winds this summer were from
the west and south-west, with an occasional
slant from the eastward, scarcely enduring
twenty-foun hours, or a day or two at most,
when they again reverted to the west as before.
The consequence was that east country ships
drepped in slowly, and the timber-carrying
\trade seemed to be about to be done chiefly by
‘steamships, sailing vessels making so small a
show up to the end of July in comparison of the
anticipations of the trade.

We had ourselves warned importers that the
summer months were likely to make up a good
deal of the shortcomings of the spring, and we
certainly had an impression that July and
August would bear out the view we took ; but
when the yeturns for July showed a substantial
deficieney, as compared with last year, our con-
fidence im a plentiful supply somewhat abated,
‘and it appeared likely that the trade would be
in a position to make a good profit on the pur-
chases they had made earlier in the year; also
reports began to be circulated that demand was
overtaking supply, insomuch that those who
had made contracts for their season’s importa-
tion were regarded as on the lucky side, and
those who had hung back in doubt during the
previous months seemed then to be in some
haste to secure a larger share of the stock still
remaining for shipment abroad than they had
previously mtended to buy.

The returns for August again, though those
of a good average month, were still moderate,
and short of publie expectation. This gave re-
newed briskness to speculation, and some con-
siderable stoeks abroad found buyers ready to
deal for them offhand, as we intimated last
week. The sudden change in the ratio of supply
which we then had to record must, however, in
some degree dainp the ardour of buyers. People
wondered what had become of all the sailing
ships that were supposed to be in the trade, and
those who had chartered and got their bills of
lading long since began to fear the short days
would be here before the cargoes on the way
home. Septembér has already materially abated
their apprehensions, and the opinions of the
trade in regard to the ultimate wind-up of the
year will again vary.

The importation to the United Kingdom for
the first week of this month averaged more than
110 timber ships per day, and if it contiuues at
that rate to the end of the month, and assuming
the average cargo to be only 150 standards, we
should have imported nearly as much in excess
of last year as we were at the end of August in
arrears of it—viz., about 760,000 loads. But
this, of course, is not altogether likely, though
it is far from impossible that we shall tread
very closely on the heels of last year, for if the
North Sea were cleared of the bulk of the
cargoes on it last week, the Atlantic, as shown
by the returns from the west coast, was all the
other way.

Liverpool, with heavy stocks, had very little
added to them, and, though doing a fair trade,
could not get any appreciable advance. The
best sizes and qualities ef St. John spruce, at
the public sale, brought no more than £7 10s.,
and the average of the cargo not £7, and other
spruce cargoes from the Gulf of St. Lawrence
averaged about £6 10s. With these prices on a
backward importation it can scarcely be expect-
ed that better terms will prevail later on.
There were, however, two causes assigned for
the disinclination of buyers to accede to an ad-
vance of price—one that ‘‘the lower port cargoes
were somewhat discoloured,” the other, that
buyers were discouraged by the bad harvest
prospects. For ourselves we do not attach
importance to either in this case ; most likely
the plentifulness of the stock on hand and the
knowledge that a good many spruce cargoes are
on their way to Liverpool were the real checks
to more liberal dealings. Waney board timber,
of which the stock on hand is nearly double

coast there is an unusually Jarge supply of wood.

what it was last year, found no buyers at tl
reserve on it—this, too, in the face of a risin
market at Quebec. In contrast with the
of the importation for the same week m Lonc
we may point to the fact that more firewoo
was imported there than the total bulk of wood
into Liverpool, over thirty cargoes of firewooc
besides oddments arrived in the Thames during
that week, bringing altogether more than 5,550
fathoms (above 23,970 loads). Possibly with
the next strong puff from the westward the ar
rival of transatlantic timber ships in Liverpool
will render the contrast less remarkable, but o
the other hand, as the demand is already scarce
ly equal to the supply, which means that the
commodity is too abundant to admit of muc
margin to the vendor, with large arrivals it wil
bs still more difficult to obtain a pro * 717
We may therefore look forward to a rather ful
importation during the fall. Nor, after the
bound forward which the trade has made
that department since the present month com-
menced, will anyone be surprised if the tot-up
at the end of this year should find the United
Kingdom quite as well supplied with foreign
and colonial timber as it was at the termination
of the last.

Swedish Enterprise.

The Timber Trades Journal says :—Ie is re
ported that, in view of the development which
the trade in wood goods from the north of
Sweden to Australia is taking, several of the
Swedish shipbuilders, who have hitherto been
occupied in building wooden ships, are preparing
to lay down iron ships mstead, the advan-
tages of the latter class in carrying capacity,
&c., more than making up for higher first cost.
There is no doubt a considerable field of em-
ployment open to tonnage of this class, and
which can be much easier worked than steam
tonnage, from the north of Sweden ; but it is,
however, liable to be ousted out of the return:
freight and other goods from Australia by steam
however remote this contingency may appear at:
present. Iron shipbuilding at Gothenburg,
Malmo, Oscarshamn, and Stockholm is active
and an increase in the size of the vessels is ob
servable. Steamers of 3,000 tons burden are
now being built at Malmo for Copenhagen firms,
to run between that lively Danish town and
the United States with emigrants and goods.

Boiler Explosions.

A Canadian mechanical engineer, named
Arnoldi, has invented a device designed to give
a partial security against boiler explosions. The
invention consists of an electric adjustable
attachment to the ordinary steam guage now in
use, to give an instant and continuous alarm, at
any distance from the boilers or other press
generators, of any excess of pressure over tha
at which the alarm has been set, and where
there is more than one generator in operation,
an ordinary “‘tell tale” can be attached to
signify which generator is at fault. The inven-
tion possesses a great many valuable features,
prominent among which may be noticed that it
is extremely simple and inexpensive, and can be
attached to existing arrangements at no expense
beyond that of the alarm itself, and without in
any way affecting the present adjustment of the
guage.

Fire Proof Shingle Roofs.

Spon, for this purpose, recommends a wash
composed of lime, salt and fine sand or wood
ashes, to be applied as in putting on a coat of
whitewash. This coating, he adds, will render
an ordinary shingle roof fifty-fold more safe
against fire from falling cinders in case of a
neighboring fire. than one without it. He adds,
also, that it will have a preservative effect on
the shingles, protecting them agains rotting
from exposure to the weather, and against
warping, and states that the older and more
weather-beaten the shingles are the more benefit
they will derive from this application. He
commends, finally, that a small quantity of
lampblack be mixed with the wash, to give
coating a darker color, thus avoiding the offe
sive glare of a white-washed roof,

The ancient orders of architecture are the
Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian and Compe
site. The five leading pens of Esterbroe
make are the Falcon, Bank, Engrossing, Ext
Fine and School.

Chips.

TuHE Chippewa, Wis., Lumber & Boom Co.’s
mill, in two days last week, sawed 856,000 feet
of lumber, in an actual running time of twenty-
two hours.

Tue Empire Lumber Company, of Winona,
will erect a new mill that ‘‘ will occasion the
expenditure of about $100,000 in the further de-
yelopment of the manufacturing interests of
Winona.”

THE state of New York has not escaped de-
yastation by forest fires. A tract twenty miles
in diameter near Carthage was burned over, the
estimated loss of timber lands being three hun-
dred thousand dollars.

Tue Orillia Packet says :—On account of the
lowness of the water the Severn mills have been
cutting rather below the average. Should we
not get very heavy rains soon the probabilities
are the mill will be stopped.

THE building trade is showing signs of activity
in Bristol and the West of England. Masons
and carpenters are more busy than they have
been for the past two years, and there is a
decided improvement in the demand for timber.

THE St. Croix, Wis., boom® has been closed
for the season. A little over 200,000,000 feet of
logs have passed through since navigation open-
ed. The Stillwater Gazette says the total amount
got out this season exceeds that of any year in
the history of the boom.

Sanps & MaxweELt, of Pentwater, Mich.,
have shipped to C. C. Thompson & Co., of
Chicago, a clear pine plank, sixteen feet long,
forty inches wide and four inches thick. The
same firm has also shipped one of the same size
and grade to the St. Nicholas Toy Company.

From a tabular statement in L’Echo Forestier
we gather that fifty-four vessels entered the
port of Dieppe, France, during the month of
August, with timber cargoes, the greater num-
ber arriving from Hernosand and Sundswall
(Sweden), Riga and Kotka (Russia).

At the French seaport town of Honfleur they
cannot be said to be protectionists in the tim-
ber sawing business. Instead of only raw
wood being sent them as formerly, to be worked
up, 2 great deal of timber is now brought already
worked, to the detriment of many Honfleur saw
mills,

C. L. Srryz, Bucyrus, Ohio, who has a mill
four miles west of that town, has sawed 1,500, -
000 feet of hardwood this season, and expects to
add 1,000,000 to it by shutting down time.
Walnut is worth $45 in that locality ; oak $20 ;
ash $21—all right from the saw. The market is
active, and the timber supply limited.

THe Chippewa, Wis., Herald says the
‘Chippewa Lumber and Boom Company’s mill
has cut thus far this season, 41,000,000 feet of
lumber ; 12,500,000 lath ; 200,000 pickets, and
9,250,000 shingles. It is estimated the mill will
cut by the 10th of next month 50,000,000 feet.
‘This is about 15,000,000 more than it has cut in
‘any previous season.

Samven JELLIsON, of Belfast, and the spool
factory company of Searsport, Me., have recent-
ly purchased a township, known as No. 4, in
range 8, in the north part of Penobscot county.
| The township contains 33,000 acres. The east

branch of the Penobscot river, and a tributary,
run through the township, affording excellent
opportunities for logging. The forests are
largely white birch, which is the material used
in the manufacture of spools. A large gang of
workmen are_now on the grounds getting out
spool stock.

Wuewn the Stillwater, Minn., boom was shut
down on account of the recent high water, over
2Z20,S0,000 feet of logs had passed through
during the season thus far. The total amount
got out this season exceeds that of any year in
‘the history of the boom, the largest run hereto-
fore, which occurred about five years ago, having
been 204,000,000 feet. At a meeting of the
‘Lambermen’s Board of Trade held recently, it
was decided to send a crew of men, under charge
of James Rooney, to Taylor Falls, with instruc-
tions_ to bring down every log between that
‘Point and Stillwater. This, it is said, will
make the cleanest sweep ever known,

eer ‘W'yt

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN. 9

FIVE ACRES OF LUMBER BURNT,

The Oswego Palladium gives the following
graphic account of the appearance of the recent
conflagration in that city :—‘‘ We are®sure that
none who saw this picture when'the fire was at
its height ever saw algrander or more impressive
of the kind. About five acres of lumber all in
a blaze, fanned by algale of twenty miles an
hour, makes an“elemental® combination’ seldom
seen. Seizing on a lumber pile the fire would
wrap it in’an‘instant and pour from every inter-
stice from top to bottom a devilish looking blue
flame, which streamed from the cracks in a
sheet resembling’molten metal forced out under
high pressure. There were, as said, about five
acres of these mighty forges, all flaming at once.
and when they lost their individual forms and
settled down into less shapely heaps they glowed
and fused like ores. Apart from the sense of
danger and damage going on, it was a stupen-
dous spectacle. Thereflection of the fire lighted
the cloudy skyfwith a sickening glare which had
an awful look, and for miles around the country
was lighted up almost as by; the sun at noon,
Throughout the towns, of {Oswego and Scriba
the people were awakened by the unearthly
light, and looking toward the city believed it to
be all on fire. Many hitched up their teams
and drove to town, and several carriages came
down from Fulton, where the fire looked as if
the whole city were involved.”

How Forests Pay in Scotland.

A writer in an English journal says that there
have been forests in the neighbourhood of Darn-
away for many centuries. The oak forest of
Darnaway, which, by the way, is the seat of the
Earls of Moray, is acknowledged to be the finest
in Scotland, and there are few which can com-
pare with it anywhere in the British Isles. For
over a century the oak produced from this
forest, which is over 3,000 acres in extent, has
attracted attention all over the north of Scot-
land, and ship-builders and wheelwrights from
all parts annually attend the sales. As early as
the latter years of the last century the thinnings
brought $5,000 per annum, and between 1830
and 1840 the sale of timber and bark ranged
from $20,000 to $25,000 yearly. Owing to the
low price of both wood and bark, not so much
has been cut lately as in former years, but not-
withstanding the way it has been reserved, it is
said that after paying every expense during the
growth of the timber, the revenue of the forest
per acre has been double that of the finest arable
land in the country. Some idea of the extent of
the forest, including the oak and pine woods,
may be gathered from the fact that in order to
make a tour through them a walk of twenty-six
miles has to be engaged in.

THE Menominee, Mich., Herald, in mention-
ing the slabs and edgings that are being shipped
from Saginaw to Chicago, says that the amount
of this kind of material destroyed in the burners
at Menominee daily would supply a large city
with wood steadily. Thousands of cords of
edgings are consumed, with other refuse, every
season, which if it could be ‘‘ dropped” in a city
like Chicago, would keep thousands of families
in fuel the year round. It seems unnecessary
to waste so much wood in order to get rid of it,
and that, where mills are situated on navigable
water, this waste might be profitably shipped
for fuel.

Messrs. GemMMeELL, Tuckrry & Co., in their
monthly timber report, dated Melbourne,
August Ist, state:—The amount of business
carried through during the month has been
fully up to the average, and prices have been
sustained,

AMERICAN Lumper.—Market quite bare of
w. p. t. and g. ceiling and shelving, and stocks
of clear pine are lower than for years past. The
only sales were ex Harvard, 43,510 ft. wide w.
p. shelving, £11 10s. to £11 5s. per M super;
4,819 ft. 54x14, 6x14, t. and g, pitch pine (in-
cluding tongue), 11s. 3d. per 100 ft. lineal.

a ee =

ZoresA,—A healthy man never thinks of his
stomach, The dyspeptic thinks of nothing else. In-
digestion is a constant reminder. The wise man who
finds himself suffering will spend a few cents for a
bottle of Zopesa, from Brazil, the new and remarkable
compound for clensing and toning the system, for
assisting the Digestive apparatus and the Liver to
properly perform their duties in assimilating food.
Get a 10 cent sample of Zopesa, the new remedy, of
your druggist. A few doses will surprise you.

The Ottawa River.

An exceptional, not to say extraordinary,
lowness of water in the Ottawa River at the
present season affords a good opportunity for
examining the bed of the stream, and becoming
acquainted with hitherto hidden dangers to
navigation. All along the river between the
Chaudiere and Grenville, rocks and reefs, whose
very existence was unknown, have appeared
above the surface of the water. Opposite Otta-
wa three new islands are laid bare, and further
down a most dangerous sharp pointed rock has
appeared in McLaren’s Bay. At various parts
on the shores similar obstructions are now con-
spicuous.

These facts, we should think, ought to induce
the Government to take steps for clearing the
river of the worst, at least, of these rocks and
reefs. A proposition, noted in these columns
the other day, has been made to erect a dam at
Grenville, and we hope it will receive favorable
consideration by the Department of Public

Flexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, 116

J.G. EDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT,

2 LIN, DS Alo.

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
ly CHAINS, ROPE, and 117

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.

Works.

vantages, no time should be lost.

time would be of the greatest advantage, and,
perhaps, save both life and property hereafter,
—Free Press.

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood

Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.
BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER.
L12-ly

Jey PO a CO,

LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.
OSWHGO, N. ¥.

L12-ly

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont.

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler. b26

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

&a7 P.S.—A SET OF TUB MACHINERY FOR SALE,
CHEAP—OR EXCHANGE FOR LUMBER, ly16

A. L, UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT, |

WISDOM & FISH

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

Rubber = Leather Belting

RUBBER HOSE, STEAM PACKING,
LUBRICATING OILS, COTTON WASTE

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings, §

And all Articles used in the Application of Steam
to Machinery.

No. 41 Dock Street, St. John, N. B.
(SMALL’S BLOCK.)

N.B.—Estimates for Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus furnished on application, All work War-
ranted. ly-L20

But it is equally important to remove
obstructions ag it is to keep up the level of the
water, and, as the season offers exceptional ad-
A very small
outlay, comparatively speaking, at the present

WANTED.

Cherry, White Ash, Black Ash, and
Dry White Pine Lumber.

Quote Price delivered, and Carefully

Describe :—Quality, Widths, Length,

Thickness, and how long Sawed.
ROBERT C. LOWRY,

Wholesale Lumber,
55 Pine Street, New York.

12119

SAMUEL WINDRIM,

MANUFACTURER OF

Agricultural Implements, Etc

MILLBROOKE, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF
AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
of intending purchasers of Reaping Machines, that I
have now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. L1i7tf

Penetanguishene Foundry

MACHINE SHOP
CRAIG & CAMERON, Proprietors.

The undersigned beg to announce to the public that
they are prepared to make all kinds of Mill and
Steamboat Brass and Iron Castings.

All kinds of PLOW CASTINGS kept on hand. Plow
Points and Landsides a specialty.

We have first-class machinery and are prepared to do
all kinds of TURNING or PLANING on short notice.

We hope by strict attention to business and moderate
charges, to merit a share of the public patronage.

4a All work guaranteed.

G. A. CRAIG.

C. CAMERON.

FOR SALE.

The Dexter & Whitwam Manufacturing
Company, offer for Sale the Entire

Real Estate Plant and Machinery

OF THEIR EXTENSIVE

BENDING & TURNING FACTORY

Situated in the City of St. Thomas, in the County of
Elgin, Ontario. For full particulars apply to H.
BROWN, Manager, or E. MOORE, President. L20tf

J. T. LAMBERT,

Lumber and Commission Agent.
FOR SALE.

150 Mlls. White Pine, 1 x 10 Stock.
2755s do 1x =

lytl17

12
= Bibs do A |: i
zur. do pp et he He id
340, SS no linch Siding.
20 ce ° “oe
40“ do 2x10 Joists.
aG)..* Cedar, 8x6 --

Basswood, 1} inch.
APPLY AT THE OFFICE, L20:
WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA.

\

10

AMarket Heports.

MONTREAL.
From Our Own Correspondent.

SEPTEMBER 26.—Since the date of our last re-
port the shipping of lumber has almost ceased.
The shipment to South America was only one
cargo to Buenos Ayres, consisting of 535,669 ft ;

to Cardiff, 9,007 pieces ; to Cardiff, 129,000 feet.
Lumber stocks here of all kinds are very low,
both of sawn lumber and round logs ; as a con-

sequence prices are very stiff, and, water being

so low, higher prices are expected very soon, at
all events as soon as navigation closes. We do
not at present alter our quotations, but outside
figures for the most part rule. We still quote

as under :— \

Pine, 1st quality, B M...+...60. seeevees $32 00@40 00
Pine, 2nd ‘* ADA sin aisle Mian Wain hs sitietee 18 00@24 00
Pine, shipping culls, #@M...... op soanracd 12 00@15 00
Pine, cull deals, @M...... .. Wee Ge te atys 8 00@10 00
Binresmil lieu s sige Mina twnieisieieie lek cael ate 5 00@ 6 50
Spruce, #M........ asin) ofa (Alas (u'sisin‘aie) sie Gie 8 00@10 00
POTN OCK aa Mtns. cistaa siete eigieiatasnye alaseioiotate 8 00@10 00
Ash, run ‘of long culls. OVI Ca aS araAGD 16 00@18 00
Bass, CY Glo snes pon00 14 00@16 00
Oak, FB iAND serra ah arevifesa sso aye sielpy satel rags tagayssetpo 85 00@45 00
BLOCH GBM, cterciarev alos okaiere abern cttiatelontnst-Tatere:t of 17 00@20 00
Hard Ma EES 0 AGS Sab abe Saee aca «ee 18 00@25 00
Lathy, 43M Cert ence «crestor s'ey-24 sialcjeielao «sla 1 26@ 1 35
Shingles, USEABLE seyeraie oreo’ sions eis olpialelelefata 3 00@ 0 00
SING less Ana yep Mc cereteieae Vis leleleldn Caieveivicls 2 00@ 0 00

The total shipments since the opening of navi-
gation to date were 7,848,475 feet, against 4,319, -
278 feet for the same period of last year, being
an increase of 3,529,197 feet. Advices from
Ottawa report that many of the mills in the
Chaudiere, owing to want of logs, want of water
preventing their getting the logs to the mills,
have been obliged to shut down, so that every-
thing here looks for considerably higher figures
in the near future.

In cordwood there has been considerable ac-
tivity, and holders are making strenuous at-
tempts to enhance values, but in the meantime
ready money makes a little difference in their
views. We continue to quote as under, at which
some pretty fair transactions are transpiring.

We quote :—

RedUVam ara. crsferstsisrskriste 1h o14 vafeietetetta $ 4 50@ 5 00
HarduMlaplerr: cacncecmeenesseheetonte 5 50@ 6 50
White Birch and Soft Maple............. 5 00@ 0 00
RedieBirebinyitcen seston tiee ete aeniaets 6 50@ 6 00

Later.

OorosER, 10th.—There is a general complaint
among the Inmber merchants here of the
difficulty of getting down lumber, owing to the
lowness of the water, and as a consequence
prices are very firm; but as the demand for
building lumber has not been very brisk, prices
can hardly be said to be quotably higher. Ship-
ments since the date of our last report have
been very small, indeed they have almost ceased.
To Cardiff 85,140 ft. have been shipped ; to
Liverpool, 23,314 pieces of deal boards and ends,
and 155 pieces of oak ; to Buenos Ayres, 539,148
ft. The total shipments to the River Platte
since the opening of navigation to date were
$,387,623 ft., against 5,751,434 ft. for the same
period of 1880, showing an increase of 2,636,189
ft. The quotations remain the same as in my
last epistle.

Corpwoop.—There have been some large
contracts entered into for long maple, at $7.50,
delivered. The prices on the wharf, ex cartage,
are long maple, $7.00; short do., $6.50; long
birch, $6.50; short do., $6.00 ; long beech, $6.00;
short do., $5.50; tamarac, $4.50, The demand
for cordwood is better, and prices are very firm,

——$_—__>—___—
TORONTO.
From Our Own Correspondent,

OoroBer 8th.—The block in lumber at this
port continues much the same as when [I last
wrote you. When passing over the dock yes-
terday the writer estimated that nearly 3,000,000
feet of lumber, including that standing on the
cars, Was awaiting shipment, and at the time of
writing this there is not one foot of available
space left on any of the docks belonging to the
H. & N. W. R. Co., and at the present time
only one small vessel loading at the wharf.
Lumbermen have had a hard time of it this
season; what with scarcity of cars, fighting
bush fires, burning of mills, and difficulty ex-
perienced in getting the lumber away after its
arrival here, their lot has not been a happy one,
and the season being now so far advanced, the
anxiety of shippers to forward their lumber to
ts destination is quite oxcusable,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

During the last three weeks large quantities | Scantling and joist, up to D4 at RETA ee Be
of cedar ties have arrived here for shipment.
Messrs. Rathbun & Son have purchased largely
in this line north of this city, and are now
shipping them to the American market. Two
years ago $13.00 per hundred was the ruling
price for ties loaded on the cars; $18.00 per
hundred is the price now being paid, so that
owners of tracts of cedar are beginning to realize

Ce ied

“cs it “
“se “ “ee
“ec “ “ec
“ “ “
“ “ “a

Cutting up planks to gyre A
oards
Sound pias stocks...
Picks Am, inspection. .
Three uppers, Am. inspection
1}- inch flooring, dressed......

ot SENSE ENE RESESSRSERE
esessssoossssessssess

; Te se eon eee
that they have quite a bonanza. The contractors i “ “ rough, re
for the cedar block pavement in this city have 7 ¢. notion high At eet
now had to suspend work until spring, on ac-}7 «= = ndressed 000
count of the scarcity of cedar suitable for their F Beaded Sheeting, dressed................ ms
P Clapboarding, dressed .............seeeccucveee
purpose. XXX sawn Shingles, GoM toon e sus seem econ eee
The scarcity in billlumber still continues, and Pree a i Wad B les ip ainiare se is\dia Vipidprs ose ee a disie 2 80
builders have frequently to visit all the yards Porat UNE abe RR cir emenes o* ° Pee cada 1%
—_—________

in the city before procuring sufficient to meet
their wants, and in many cases have found it
impossible to get their orders filled, and yet in
the face of this famine for dimension stuff, prices
still hang at the old figures, and lumbermen
are missing a good chance to raise their tariff of
prices, simply for the want of a mutual under-
standing with each other on this and other
matters equally important to the trade.

The 20 per cent. advance on R.R. freights
has now become an established fact, and it is
announced that the Railway Company repu-
diate special arrangements made prior to the
advance in rates, but, to say the least, it is
questionable if railway corporations have the
power in their hands to grant special rates to
certain individuals. It certainly seems un-
reasonable that one man or firm should have
their lumber brought from any given point for
three or four dollars per car less than some other
men or firms, doing business at the same place.
Yet such is, no doubt, the fact, but it is done in
this way, in order to make it colorable, all bills
for freight from all stations are made out at the
same figure, and the favored ones get a rebate
by applying at headquarters. This enables such
persons to undersell their neighbors fifty cents
per M., or else make that much higher profit.
A more unjust method of doing business it
would be hard to name. In such cases the
smaller fry are at the mercy of the larger fish,
as fifty cents per M. im times of close competi-
tion, and in sales devoid of risks, would be a
fair living profit, especially if the sales were
made in large quantities.

Shingles are somewhat more plentiful, and

LONDON, ONT.
From Our Own Correspondent.

OoroBER, 10th.—There is a general talk of
dullness in the lumber market here. It was at
one time thought there would be agood demand
spring up in the Fall, wood merchants generally
were confident of this result, but it has not yet
been realized, and, since my last, business has
fallen off instead of increasing, as expected;
there is, however, no grumbling, as all dealers
seem to have enough to do, and appear satisfied.
Prices, however, remaln unchanged, which is a
healthy sign.

As the Fall comes upon us building in this
city narrows down to small limits, and there is
nothing particular to note in this direction.

The Messrs. Green, whose extensive premises
were almost completely destroyed by fire some
time ago, are rapidly rebuilding, and they will
be in working order again in a very short time.
These premises will be of a more modern con-
struction than formerly, and built with a view
to evade any sudden attack of fire.

Mr. G. C. Hargreaves has effected a com-
promise, and the estate is being wound up.
Meanwhile Mr. Hargreaves himself is employ-
ed in this market by a large wholesale Toronto
firm.

The lumber coming in here is principally by
the G. W. R. There are great complaints of
the G. T. R. not having sufficient car accommo
dation for the requirements of the trade.

I must report the lumber market dull in this
city, but prices rule about the same as given in
my last.

: ‘ ; : JOTATIONS,
remain at the same figure retail, but consider- Se
: pee d Mill cull boards and scantling............2s.s04. $10 00
ably lower wholesale on rail or vessel, $2.40 to Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths....... 11 00
10 and 12 in. stocks....... 11 50

$2.45 being the ruling figures for 16-in, XXX

4 ‘ommon board AEG SE. o
shingles, F. O. B. vessel here. Sawn lath are ee ae ee

Scantling and joist, up COG Sb. vince winsome’ me

in good demand, and less plentiful than former- 3 “ + ve - RAED nae: a4 eo
ly, and as the season’s work comes nearer to its “ “ “ ft. ee ie ee
close, lath will likely advance in prices. Butter- cy a 2 24 fh... eee een eee 18 00
thie : Common Stocks) « oc. iscweciseWue teu uae oeeeeute 14 00

nut is in excellent demand, and a good article | Gommon 2 in. PlANICS aveiduceee acne ee 13 00
will bring a good figure, especially if cut into | Cutting up plank and boards****............... 18 00
5 * Sound dressing stocks... csecccsssevecscesvscs 17 00

2, 3 and 4 in. plank, or 6x6 and 8x8, and any | Gjear and PICA ss a.ccd cc... ak eee bee eree amen ee 31 00
parties having dimension stuff, say 2x 8, 2x10, ea appears, an. sari tena tee ceeeeeeens S 00
2x12, and 20and 22 ft., will meet with ready sale, ; aaah air ST in te, PY BO pe
| tas as . MO awh cow eeewe 20 00

and at good prices, on this market, as nine-
tenth sof all shipments arriving here are compris-
ed of mill cull, and shipping cull boards. Sound
stock boards and good lumber find their way over
the docks, leaving little but coarse boards for
the local trade. Black ash lumber of good
quality will command ready sale here at present.
Many people are now only beginning to find out
the value of this wood for finishing purposes,
and yet hitherto a building could be finished
with this wood at less cost than when finished
with good pine, and its appearance, when oiled,
is much preferrable to pine when painted, and
its lasting qualities, in dry situations, nearly
equal,

Building continues as briskly as ever, and it
may serve to convey some-idea of the large
amount of lumber being used in this city when
I state that the firm of J. & F. N. Tennant
alone are reported to have sold about 1,000,000
ft. on the local market during the past month,
and this amount sold mainly to consumers, and
this would certainly not be more than the one-
tenth of all the lumber sold to consumers during
that same period.

XXX sawn shingles, ® M
Lath ‘per 1900 £624 «:.:<.«sj0<scenakbslacsracmmene eileen

ST. JOHN, N. B,
From Our Own Correspondent.
DEALS.

Reference was made in our last report to the
efforts being made to complete the loading of
ships then in port, by the 1st inst., to secure
their deck cargoes. Those efforts were quite
successful, the result being to greatly reduce the
dimensions of our fleet, as well as to exhaust our
stock of deals. Probably the stock of deals here
is less than it has been for more than a quarter
of a century, and as the country mills are mostly
idle, the prospect is that the quantity wintered
here will be scarcely worth counting.

FREIGHTS.

The freight market is remarkably quiet;
scarcely any tonnage offering, and but little
wanted. The only recent transaction reported
is the Champion, 799 tons, for Liverpool or
Bristol Channel, at 57s. 6d., which may be con-
sidered about the market rate. Owners are
talking of 60s., but considering the great

QUOTATIONS, . Gos . ~
ity of deals, i b can =
Mill cull boards and scantling.................. 9 00 nivats foe pat 15 doubttalsheiae be-pbs
Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths. . 12°00 | tained at present.
BLOCKS wvavesseeseccsvcsecccunasons 13 00 VESSELS IN PORT.
tli d ti, DORE occ ce enaceticess li es E .
Soantline an avoist, upd TURES win ab ee ERR 12 Ke The following is a list of the vessels in port,
o G AA . Petre etree eee ne es 18 8 with their tonnage and destinations :—
“ “ “ oath... 72.7.5 73 59] AnnaP. Oddell, 379, Glasgow.
“ “ “ GE Rte Becki: TANS 14 50! W. D. Wallet, 1413, Melbourne,

Malville, 924, Melbourne.

Stanley, 542, France.

C, E. Robinson, 631, Cork Quay.

Eleanora, 1049, United Kingdom. *°

Adept, 1102, Liverpool or London.

Windward, 607, Rio Janeiro.

E. Sutton, 545, repairing. p

Kil verdale, 1190, Liverpool or London.

Salacia, 797, ——

W. Dickinson, (8), 1350, Liverpool, London, Fleetwos
or Bristol Channel.

Champion, 799. Liverpool or Bristol Channel.

Lalia, 391, ——

Sovereign, 332, Wexford.

Teddington, (s), 1310, discharging.

SHIPMENTS,

The shipments of deals and other sawn lumber
are as follows :— .
Mor BMLGpe vases’ sm asieov'en ia AE 18,593,000 Sup.

** United States............c00s 3,106,000

October 7th, 1881.

Ss

From Another Correspondent.

SHIPPING.

October 8th.—The fleet has been con-
siderably reduced #ince our last, as quite a
number of vessels cleared on the 1st of October,
in order to get away before the deck load law
came into operation. Under this law no vessel
clearing after the lst of October can take more
than three feet of a cargo on deck, which of
course materialty reduces the amount of freight.
English freights are not materially changed.
We hear of one charter at 65s. 6d. to the Bristol
Channel. Of the two steamers in port, one is
unchartered at present, and the other has been
taken for U. K. at private terms, said to be 55s.
Coastwise freights are about as before quoted,
and $2.25 can be readily obtained for Boston.
We are aware of one charter for Boston of a
load of sleepers, at 144 cents, which is really
better than $3.00 per M., but this is an excep-
tional case,

OUR LUMBER EXPORTS,

The following is a statement of the ener
of lumber at the port of St. John, N. Be for
transatlantic ports for September, 1881. Dur
ing the month 32 vessels, having a total of 22,-
573 tons, were loaded with :—
Deals, battens and ends........... 20,491,226 sup. feet.
Boards and scantling........++ eee 697,971 »
Pine timber... ..0s0cce+sens semen 37 tons.
We also give the anal of lumber at the
port of St. John, N.B., for transatlantic ports,
from Ist. Jan. 1881, to Oct. Ist., 1881 :—

Deals, battensand deal ends...... 154,485,379 sup. feet.
Boards and scantling........++++. 4,899,184 50
Palings. ....<seccssses © sebncnese 284,965 pieces.
Pine tintber. 202. 0 scscssea oueeen 806 tons.
Birch. . 5. 2% Jt VE AS eee 3,609 ‘*

Logs are scarce and holders are not desirous
of selling. About 300,000 feet of unmarked
superior logs were sold in the boom at $8.00.

The English market remains fairly satisfac-
tory, and at the present time the stock in Liver-
pool is not excessive, so that dealers can com-
mand good prices.

The American market is also tolerably re-
munerative. In Boston we can quote $13.00 to
stat for good wide spruce boards ; laths at

1.75 to $1.874. In New York laths have in
some cases reached $2.00, but the majority of
sales have been at $1.90.

Oct. Sth, 1881.

—___—____@—____..
ALBANY.

OctoBER 4.—The Argus says the demand for
the past week has been largely in excess of the
preceding, and the attendance of buyers better.
A sale of a million and three-quarters to a
Brooklyn firm is among some of the purchases
we hear of. The scarcity of certain pine grades
specially sought after for manafacturing pur-
poses is being felt, and it is apparent the “‘ cry
of wolf” is not without reason, as we hear at a
prominent Michigan manufacturer shipping box
direct from the saws to vessel. The lower grades
of pine lumber have been sold, no doubt, too
low, considering the yearly decreasing percent-
age of the better grades, and we see lighter
stock here to-day than for years past, which
no doubt will produce an effect on prices during
the short business season that remains. Vessels
from Canadian ports are difficult to get, and the
rates asked very high. The northern mills are
working with a fair supply of water.

The receipts of lumber by lake at Buffalo for
the week ending Oct. 3rd were 8,660,000 feet
and by: rail 80 cars, The receipts by lake

Maps

Teel

. Increase. . 4,272,000

THE, CANEPA

ae The

PUMBEBMAN.

Oswego for the week, as far as reported, were
6,266,480 feet.

The receipts by canal at Albany from the
opening of navigation to the 1st Oct. were :—

Bds. & Sctl.,ft. Shingles,m. Timber,ft. Staves,lbs.
1881... .313,989,000 5,516 1,000 6,105,000
1880... .289,493,300 3,872 5,400 638,200

Freights from Bay City to Buffalo and Tona-
wanda, $3.00 # M.; from Saginaw, $3.25. From
Tonawanda to Albany, $2.65. From Oswego
to Albany $1.75. From Port Hope to Oswego,

$1.25. From Ottawa to Albany, by boats, $3.00
Pp M. feet.
River freights are steady :
To New York, # M ft.......... 2000. @1 00
To Bridgeport. ......... 00sec eee @1 374
To-New Haven.......ss0...-+> @1 374
To Providence, Fall River and N ewport..... 2 00@2 25
To Pawimicket..<. cis. seeess es evncees ees. 2 25@2 50
To Norwalk..... Reiniefateie'cielejsia ... 1 25@1 30
"Rey EARTH ee cialeicieve sso ese's 0 ereceeees @2 00
Ua Ee ee Hapeuebdue ae @2 00
TO MidGletOwM. 2... ccccce ceccccesscesece @1 75
TRG BEMEIOHOOM yn) on clene cee ccc ec re sect eue @1 75
To Philadephia n. i526... ....00s srctatavele'sine @2 00
Quotations at the yards are as follows :—
Pine, clear, @ M.....-.... LS Dao ceneeee $53 00@63 00
PUBESFOWUCEBS: 6560 cc eee coe sereesesesse 48 00@58 00
Pine, selects...... 5 AS SSR ERE sseeeee. 43 00@53 00
PEO DOK sc ait eisisie.a)s, + clolzwat ole viele suiee 15 00@30 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, eRCD ie... 536 «see... 00 38@00 42
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, each....... ....- 00 00@00 22
Pine boards, 10-in........ = Sho ja50 seeee. 00 26@28 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, TE Lae aeeree Seanse 00 18@00 19
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., @M.......... 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16 ft...............-- 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 13ft.... sesee. 28 00@30 00
Pine, 1} in. siding, select...... sees. 00 00@42 00
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common.... .......-. 16 00@19 00
Pine, l-in. siding, select...........+..... 00 00@42 00
Pine, inch siding, common.... ........-- 16 00@19 00
Spruce, boards, each........ Stalaseiage ia,2%- 0iaKn 00 00@00 16
Spruce, plank, 1}-in., each.. .. 00 00@00 20
Spruce, plank, 2-in., each. - 00 00@00 30
Spruce, wall strips, each.. 00 11@00 12
Hemlock, boards, each..... . 00 00@00 13
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each....... . 00 00@00 31
Hemlock, joist, 2x4, each .............. 00 00@00 13
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4, each.......... 00 00@00 10
Ash, Peon sa Mn caleitewisigs colo veccsts-c ++. 38 00@45 00
Ash, second nei REM pieiorsia sla cluies« +++» 25 00@30 00
Cherry, good, @M........ Meee el ct aiot is 60 00@70 00
Cherry, common, #M.......-.......... 25 00@35 00
Oak, good, @M........... One 38 00@43 00
Oak, second quality, @M................ 20 00@25 00
Basswood, Aol kalenin we deist orcas seccdces 20 O0@23.00
Hickory, @M....... Seems eaire tacts «0s 36 00@40 00
Maple, Canada, # M............ Sea ae 26 00@30 00
Maple, American, per M.......-- Riaiatnialsicls 25 00@28 00
Chestnut, @ Mw... eens caAmOOCO se «se... 35 00@40 00
Shingles, ’shaved, pine, @ M 0 00@ 6 25
2nd quality 0 00@ 5 00
«« extra, sawed, pine.. 0 00@ 4 40
oe clear, ? 0 00@ 3 30
-4 cedar, mixed... 0 00@ 3 25
a cedar, XXX 0 00 4 00
ss hemlock.. 0 00@ 2 25
Lath, hemlock, e M. 0 00@1 62}
Lath, spruce, 0 00@1 874
Lath, pine, gic 0 00@ 2 00
—_——_______—_—__—
CHICAGO.

Octoser 5.—The Northwestern Lumberman
says the Franklin street market since the date
of our last report has been a very dull one, the
dullest by all odds of anything which has been
seen this year at that place. As will be seen
by the figures below, the arrivals of lumber at
this port have been very heavy during the week,
and this presupposes a large supply of lumber
upon the market. With the receiving docks
crowded still, almost, or quite to their full capa-
city, with lumber purchased at the mills, which
on its arrival went at once to the yard of the
purchaser, it was a foregone conclusion that
dealers would not exert themselves to any
great extent to purchase lumber seeking a
market, at least unless some inducement w1s
offered them todo so. The inducement was ac-
cordingly offered, and from a weakness such as
we chronicled last week, a decided decline must
be noted at this time.

CARGO QUOTATIONS.

Joistand scantling, green,ordinary lengths310 50@11 00
Joist and scantling, gacen 20 feet and over 12 00@15 00

Mill run, choice green.....sseeeeeeeeese- 16 50@21 00
Mill run, medium, green iota Aste mee «eee. 13 00@16 50
Millrun,common, “ =. sseccsesseers 11 75@13 00
Shingles, MEREMERL ois: Acie! aja/se-s'o'9 Cre ee 2 35@ 2 45
Shingles, extra A..... ... Pee Price PROee 2 45@ 2 65
MER pois o's w'vcces one vednee seve 185@1 90
LAKE FREIGHTS
ROOD aeiide Dagies oe vides +0000 vecer esos $2 374@2 50
MOC Ors 000506 cesccveccseeccscce 2 00
Ludington.....+...++++ para av ecaer ata 2 124@2 25
Grand Haven .....+++- wssersceso ° 00
Menominee.........- Sedacor sence dacaes 0 20
Sturgeon Bay.......... MED ae eh c Oe ooetige 2 25 @2 37}
UMC LAKC.6 5 cc cccccccscvcsdeccscsos soe & 1h
NNER 50s ss Pr cccelesde decd sde nc Hie . 2 124@2 25

Receipts and shipments of lumber and shingles
for the week ending October 4:—

RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS,
Lumber. Shingles, Lumber, - Shingles,
1A1..... GIA, 25,276,000 45,420,000 35,665,000
WA...... C2fAZ,M0 T1,FA,000 41,207,000 20,686,000

4,123,000 14,979,000

2,712,000

Receipts and shipments of lumber and
shingles from January 1 to, and including, Octo-

ber 4:—
RECEIPTS, SHIPMENTS.

Lumber, Shingles, Lumber. Shingles.

1881.1,403,739,000 611,831,000 1,365,913,000 640,940,000
1880.1,147,377,000 497,921,000 1,126,209,000 538,788,000

.229,362,000 113,910,000 289,704,000 102,152,000
STOCK ON HAND SEPTEMBER 1.

In..

1881. » 1880, 1879.
Lumber........- 481,154,279 467,966,545 373,408,900
Shingles .. 219,628,000 173,753,000 158,207,000
Lath..... 87,556,000 48,755,681 29,770,495
Pickets...... .. 2,030,210 2,193,317 1,140,632
Cedar posts...... 256,235 67,006 463,939
OSWEGO, N.Y.

There is no change in quotations. Prices are
firm, and the demand good. All lumber arriv-
ing in good condition finds ready sale. The
docks lately stripped of stocks by the fire are
rapidly filling up with newly cut lumber. The
prospect for a good fall and winter trade never
looked more promising than it does now. The
receipts to date for the years named are as fol-
lows :—1880, 143,000,000 feet ; 1881, 124,000,000
feet. Lake freights from Lahe Ontario ports is
$1.25 ; canal freights to Albany is $1.75, and to
New York is_ $2,35. ; The following are the
quotations :—

Three Uppers........-.00% sturiclateloteferaterers’s $42 00@45 00

PACKING Ni, emt slemeideentene slereiert avait cies « . 32 00@35 00
ines iGOmMON) 3.).ae terse ele, Aniooocuaennen 20 00@25 00
Commonreseciseleleisisisiainisis elalatnlelstalafatatates< -» 14 00@18 00

- 13 00@15 00

DMI UIMIOLS ie <10 elel-/s o'sis @/nisinieinisies|sivielele -.» 17 00@22 00
Sidings, selected, 1 inch.................+ 34 00@38 00
Jatin weecr ipeecdede en dee Doves eres 34 00@38 00
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet.............- 18 00@22 00
Se hart IR e EOneOE Sc OUOIDETIO aateieovcis 23 00@28 00
SHIPPOLS 1-\elele ac clsinlelelets ale ieielsielele see. 16 00@17 00
Strips, 1 and 1} inch mill run... -» 15 00@22 00
Culls, selected....... scounKo . 23 00@82 00
(Guillsy SuonocasnoonmnesasooodoD aeeeees 13 00@15 00
1x6 selected for clapboards apeaadon mietet tees 25 00@40 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, pine: Bosh OASEDS 3 75@ 4 00
XX, Metoleretsrstei as 3 00@ 3 25

XeKeK 18 inch, cedar. Be Str teeitat -.. 3 00@ 3 25
5 a ee Wes nenshon ced 2 25@ 2 40
ALE p soeistateli<\afels fatal sielels! dhoocadopodéuocad 1 40@ 1 60
——___~__-_-—__
BOSTON.

OctoBER 8.—The Journal of Commerce says
advices from every hand show business to be
fully up to expectations. For all classes of
stock there is a good call, and values are very
steady. Dealers report that some outside
parties are endeavoring to cry down‘the market
for the purpose of lowering prices. Holders
are strong, however, and refuse concessions on
regular grades in view of the healthy condition
of the market and the prospects ahead. Cherry
has improved considerably, during the week, in
the way of demand. Ash has shown a better
position than for some time past. Whitewoods
are looking up. Prices on lumber generally are
the same as last week.

. CANADA PINE.
Relects, Dressed isa cc's era saa watsw malar cieraeuke $48 00@50 00
Shelving, Dressed, IstS.....+06.. ....... 40 00@42 00
QNAS sy aaiesere., odes stems 33 00@35 00
Dressed Elippers aire sas MeVelavor ole elerers sivieer 27 00@29 00
IDYESSEMU BOX eis iaiaiticisl steteve.cleia’s Glajeintcta eteiaissa 18 00@20 00
Sheathing, 1st quality. «+» 42 00@45 00
2nd . 34 00@35 00
TONAWANDA.
CARGO LOTS—SAGINAW INSPECTION,
THYES MOPEIAseaceewacse cetesters dana aee $40 00@45 00

Cefn (1): a ae 17 50@20 00
Cnllsges ces. a ejeietite vielseiels costadonbooceped 11 50@12 50

————
LIVERPOOL.

The Timber Trades Journal, of Sept. 24, says:
—The import still continues moderate, and, as
there is a fair and steady demand, prices con-
tinue firm, although it most be confessed that
it is only by dint of hard work that sales are
effected at the present rates. Consumers are
loath to believe in reports of short supplies and
high cost of production, and are inclined to
withhold from making purchases, at any rate
for the present, in the hopes that later on rates
will be easier. Seeing that the import season is
within a comparatively short distance of closing,
with the consequent increased cost of freight
and higher rates of insurance, it is difficult to
understand by what mode of veasoning such an
idea can be arrived at.

That this view is well developed was shown
at Messrs. A. F. & D. Mackay’s sale last
Friday, where the attendance was limited in a
marked degree and the competition tame and
spiritless, One cargo of spruce deals offered at
auction was withdrawn from the sale, owing to
no bids being obtainable sufficiently high to

warrant the auctioneer in eauedise ak and it has
since been sold in one line by private treaty at

a good price. Of one cargo of St. John, N.B.,
deals only about one-half was sold, the remain-
der being withdrawn, sellers being very firm,
and no doubt being strengthened in their posi-
position by the fact that the prospect of any-
thing beyond a very moderate import being
available for this year is becoming more evident
every day.

Birch timber appeared in fair demand, and all
that was offered was readily purchased.

The supply of this timber is likely to be small,
especially for the better qualities, and should
any of this description come down to the
shipping ports it will probably be eagerly
sought after. The sales by anction were as
follow :—

Spruce deals, St. John, N.B.—

= ONION FOUNDRY

Union Street, - - - Carleton,

Warercoms, Water Street,

ST. JOHN, N. B.

Allan Brothers

(Late of Harris & Allen)

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OJ

££ 8:, iG. £4.85
16 to21ft.3x11 7 15 O ‘
LOSI Doe ae Cie 7
pent eam Engines
TG 25. ‘Se oe, pO
ZEST ke Beem 7 «2 66
SLEPT Seco Gils & *
911“ 8x7 8 12 6 AND
OrEGQTE SLO Te 108 0
9 93 * 8x8 6 15 Ot0o6 17 { 7
Gees sc GriG ele OME Gr Ly ( y
Deal ends— be 15 <0 ©
Spruce deals, St. Margaret’s Bay, N.S.— r :
9to22ft..3x9 6 17 6
EES Te | Ships Windlasses, Iron Capstans
«9@ « aT
ae ecient and Ships CASTINGS of all kinds.
Ouse: ‘ax 6 12° 6 :
Deal ends— Deel) ab Sh ( p & ( bi St
Birch timber, St. Margaret’s BAN, N.S.— IPS all 00SES d lll oves
22in.& up. 234d.
20 to21}in. 21d.
194 194d. COOKING AND HEATING
18} to 19 « 18d
18 to18i“ 164d. to 17d.
164 to 174 ‘* 16d.
16 *° etd.
154 ‘* 143d. 5
143 to15‘¢ 14d.
14° 133d) Shop, Office and Parlor Stoves, and Franklins.
13 to13h “© 13d. to 13}d. .
Under 13 “* 12d, to 174d.
RES, wy Agriculural Impl
ikea sricuilral impiemens.
The Timber Trades Journal, of Sept. 24, says : A

—There has been a very light import during
the past week. The arrivals at Glasgow include
a.cargo of pitch pine planks, which goes into
consumers’ hands direct, being forwarded from
ship’s side per rail. There has been no import
of wood at Greenock during the week. Several
public sales have been held here, results of
which are noted below.

On Tuesday, September 20th, a cargo of
Tabasco mahogany was offered, the first direct
import here since October last. A parcel of
Italian walnut planks was exposed on the same Snocial Offer to

Pi,
day. e
These sales were well attended and the Poy Fine
bidding spirited. The Tabasco mahogany, a

cargo of ordinary quality, was rapidly cleared
off, the market evidently not fully supplied with
mahogany.

On Sept. 21st. Messrs. Singleton, Dunn & Co.
held a public sale of deals, &c., prices as under-
noted. There was a good attendance, but buyers
were evidently disposed to purchase sparingly
for immediate wants, the demand by consumers
meantime being rather languid.

Only a portion of the catalogue was sold ;
prices, however, were fairly maintained. The
birch and ash logs were withdrawn, offers not
coming up to broker’s views.

AUCTION SALES.

On Sept. 20th, at Glasgow, Messrs. Farn-
worth & Jardine, of Liverpool, brokers :—A
cargo of Tabasco mahogany from Chiltepec and
Santa Ana, consisting of 280 logs (96,000 sale
feet), sold at 53d. to 10d. per foot, averaging
68d.

ee W. Connal & Co, thereafter sold by
auction a parcel of 155 planks of Italian wal-
nut, at. prices ranging from 4}d. to 64d. per
oot.

7 Oa Sept. 2Ist., at Glasgow, Messrs. Singleton,

Dunn & C., brokers :—
St. John, N.B., spruce deals—

BRASS CASTINGS.

Tin, Sheet Iron and Copper Ware for SHIP and
L22-ly HOUSE use.

I
yr

To any person sending me this
advertisement and $25 within
the next 60 days, I will senda

Genuine WALTHAM, or
ELGIN WATCH.
in 6 ounce sterling Silver Cases,

Gold Joints, with a Written Guar.
antee for three years.

F.CRUMPTON
83 King St. East, Toronto.

Any article in in Watches, Clocks,
Diamonds, Jewellery, Sily erware,
etc., sent to any part of Canada,
and. Satisfaction Guaranteed or

Money Refunded.

We make a specialty
of Presentations.

Watch Repairing and
Jewelry manufactured
by best workmen only,
at reasonable prices.

9 to 24 ft. 14/16x3 104d. cub. ft
16 ‘* 24 ¢ 13X3 10$d.
916“ 18x38 10a. «
9 “24 « 12x3 103d. ¢
17 &18 “ 1lx3 114d. s
9to13 &6tol9 * 11x3 1Ild. =
95524 JSS 10x3 lid. +
Se Pag 3 9x3 lid. s
St. John, N.B., square deals— cub. ff
9 to 13 & 16 “ 23 “* 8x3 93d, &
14815 “ 8x3 10d. =
10to24 ** 7x3 94d. ss

Do. spruce battens, 10 to 23 ft. 5/7 x 24, 94d. “
*«* seantlings, 9 to 23 ft. 3/6x14 to 3,
83. & 9d, cub. ft.
deal ends, 2 to 8 ft. long, 8d, “
boards, 4 to 20 ft. 3/9x1, 7d. *

“ “
“ “

12 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

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i

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BATTERIES FOR BATHS,

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E:

And Burrell’s, Warnock’s, and Dundas Axes, made specially for the Lumber Trade,
repacked any weights without extra charge. Lindsay Pattern of Broad anfi Blocking
Axes. LANOE TOOTH SAWS, warranted good. P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.)
LEATHER BELTING. 2d CUT FILES. LATH YARN. Mill and Shanty Hardware.
No. 1 LARD OIL. Heavy HAMES, BUCKLES and HARNESS TRIMMINGS.
Ballard and other RIFLES, from $10 each. Large assortment of CARTRIDGES.

GEORGE STETHEM, Peterborough, Ont.

Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware. 12117

Wrought Iron shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention tomy WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each 16
xX 24 x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
ommenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and
eliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.

ApaM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove I have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

Apam Haut, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,
Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June Srd, 1880.

A. Haut, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, 13

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

FAMTLTON, CANADA.

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED
SO EG EO EE OO XE

EMERY and DUM WHEELS

These Wheels are | And Specially Adapted
Wire Strengthened . : For Saw Gumming

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ.,
GALT. MONTREAL.
- Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO,, Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,
ST. CATHARINES. TORONTO. :

WE ALSO REFER TO

WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,
Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. _ Lumber Merchants, — sn

14 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

A A. LEHARMONTH & Co.
cl ENGINEERS AND FOUNDERS,
MANUFACTURER OF
Steam Engines, Rotary Pumps, of all sizes, for Paper
and Pulp Mills, Steam Pumps, and a Variety of other
Pumps, Propeller Engines for Yachts & Tow Boats.

L24-ly
pf ine! Tron Railings, Hoisting Machines for Stores, Jack Screws, Park
gs" Mills, all kinds of Machinery for Mines, Saw Mills, Flour Mills.

St. Paul St., QU HBEHC.

MELE. SU PP hte:
RUBBER BELTING—in Stock, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Plies.
HOYT’S CELEBRATED LEATHER BELTING.
COTTON BELTING, for Flour | Mills, &c., Superior Quality.

DISSTON’S CELEBRATED MILL SAWS.
Steam Packing of all kinds, Rubber and Linen Hose, Silk Bolting Cloth, Emery
Wheels, Lacing Leather (Page’s Genuine), Lard, Seal, Cylinder, Spindle, West Vir-
ginia and Wool Oils. Our Stock includes Mill Supplies and Rubber Goods of all
kinds. £&Quotations furnished for any part of Canada. 21

ESTEY, ALLWOOD & CO., SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

ROBERT W. LOWE,
AUCTIONEER AND COMMISSION MERCHANT,

81 SANDS BUILDING, PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.

Cash advan ed oa Goods putin for sale. #a7No Storage chars ged. ae kinds of Mera bens lise
Bought and Sold. New and Second-hand Furniture always on hat nt for day tat yur
WINTHROP “COOKING RANGES, WATERLOO WOOD STOVE 8, ry TRAN K &e., oe “

22-ly SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

ABRAMS & KERR

MANUFACTURERS OF

Steam Engines, Mill Gearing, Rotary Mills, Shafting,
Planers, Hangers, Pulleys, Variety Moulders.

SPECIAL MACHINERY MADE TO ORDER

Latest Improved Spool and Bobbin Machinery.
Every Variety of Heavy and Light Casting.

L24-ly

Foundry and Machine Shop on City Road,
ST. JOHN, NHW BRUNSWICK.

Northey s Steam Pump Works

BOILER FEED PUMPS, MINING PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, |PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and OIL PIPE LINES,
WRECKING PUMPS. And CITY WATER WORKS. —

No. 47 King William Street.

vs HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SEND FOR CIRCULAR. LI7-ly

LUMBERMENS

STATIONERY,

We will supply anything in the line of BLANKS or STATIONERY for Lumber

Shanties and Offices at City prices.

All Printing done in the Highest Style of the Art, and at Lowest Living Prices.

Book-Binding of every Description got up in a very Neat and Superior manner.

Account Books Ruled and Bound to any desired Pattern.

For Schedule of Prices address, describing the kind and quality of work desired,

FORER

Y THE

& CO.

CANADA LUMBERMAN,”
PETERBOROUGH, ONTARIO.

3
7

DAVID JONES’
COB Ten Br ATT HD

Cast Steel Table Cutlery:

¥&=—Best Cast Steel, Warranted. 27

Edge Tool & Cutlery Works, Woodstock, N.B.

L21-ly
Awarded Diploma and Medal by the New Brunswick Government in 1873.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 15

cm Ml) \ \
—w Em a ee
| PY a)

The Rainer Piano Always Triumphant!

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS :
At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, Ist Prize, Diploma & Medal for Best Square Piano
At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition - - - - ~- Ist Prize and Diploma
At Brantford Southern Fair - - - - - ~- Ist Prize and Diploma

At Guelph Central Exhibition - - - - - - Ist Prize and Diploma
2@= SEND FOR CATALOGUE.-GX

RAINER, SWEETNAM & HAZELTON ) Will always find a Large Stock of

MANUFACTURERS, -

Cae Fe ONTARIO! au

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ Shanty Blankets

ek:

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English AND
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

THE TSS. eae LEAD THE WORLD. HORSE BLANKETS

/

‘At LOWEST Mill Price, at

JNO. MACDONALD & COS

.Provincial Exhibition 1871

.Centennial Exhibition, 18'76

‘ISPS PION puy

6LEI ‘UOMIQIGXW [elygsnpuy ‘uBvsIO 1O[Ieg 10J [epel ATUO

WH RECHIVHD
International Medal and Diploma, Sydney, Australia, 18'7'7
GQHATHOAoO FWHM

SLET ‘UOMIQIGXH relouraoig ‘uVS1O J0[1¥q 10J [Bpe AIUO

rT : TORONTO.

BS a . ee Ee
ee ie a : mae Send Sample Order for our LINED SHAPED
BS 4a = = 8

The Be}! Or an Manufactory 1s ti Lit tand Oldest in the British Empi th HORSE UG 8 } | } di fe
I iceerts tu pasted cea trie ieee ie Dubie arose, and the fact that RUG, a Specialty, highly recommended for
K ORGANS for five years. Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catologue malled free.

W. BELT & CO Wear and Warmth

41 to 47 East Market Suaare, GUELPH, Ont, 6L22

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only atripgle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There wasa time when the quality of Emery Wheels was s0 uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, 8aw Gumming Wheels haye become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sjzes in stock,
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of allin use are beveled. r

Tne principal sizes are:

10x t
103 Meg : 12x Holes,

| 3.2 >
i tin. hole. Ite 7 in. hole. 1x8 [ [ % Z canl d ae

Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12xj are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x1}._ The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels barden the saw so that a file won’t touch it-
The answer is that, you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

A QUST TIOW OF Geese

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality 1s the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved On wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities to match any and every Other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what itis, and we can send you a Tanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels Is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class 2.
1t cuts fast and keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the ‘* Pocono.”

OLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as ‘‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiner in grain and softer than either of the above. As aSaw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Illustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.
13

The Tanite-Co, Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

M. Covel’s Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW = Ay... MILL MACHINERY!
S TEA M FEED / 4 \ Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for all

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
I would also call special attention to my

for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
Heavy Circular Saw Mills

ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam )

Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Millis, Trim-
Feed, having put inseveral which are giving the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &c.

Horizontal Engines and Boilers

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Esq., Peterborough.

DEAR SIR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it bas given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put it into my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 18 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider 1 have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Grayenhurst.

CORLISS

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
Factories of any Kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
justified in saying that ourStyle, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine will be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour, Lw

WK Wh

a

TORONTO, August llth, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont,
DEAR SIR—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly. Yours, &c.,
THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

Wii Lrt Awe EX A WILL. TON,
PHTHRBOROUGH, ONT.

43

-

PUBLISHED
SEMI-MONTHLY.

SA Wy) j
H.
mess

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

§ SUBSCRIPTION
( $2.00 PER ANNUM.

VOL. 1.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., NOVEMBER 1, 1881.

NO. 25.

CurTLer, GILBERT & PEARSON’S saw mill made
ast Saturday the largest cut on record in these
arts for a single circular, 66,300 feet of inch
yoards in eleven hours.—Supertor News.

TuE Lake Superior Wews says J. S. Taylor &
sons got in another raft of logs, 175,000 feet,
rom Stewart river, on Monday morning. They
lope to bring in another raft to-morrow or on
saturday, and they will stillhave left at Stewart
iver over a million and a quarter feet of logs.

FOURTEEN years ago & gentleman of Monroe,
Tichigan, placed two gateposts of white oak in
ront of his residence. When they were set he
ored into the top of each with a 14 inch auger,
inches deep, filled the hole with common salt,
ightly plugged it, and coppered the posts. Hav-
ng occasion recently to change the location of
he posts, he found them as sound from top to
ottom as the day they were planted.—Worth-
vestern Lumberman.

Tue editor of the Bay City, Mich., Zribune
as been shown a piece of oak taken from the
Id gunboat St. Lawrence, sunk off the beach
ear Mortonwood, Ont., for the past sixty
ears. The oak is as black almost as ebony,
uit as sound as the day it was used in the con-
truction of the boat. When the vessel was
ondemned she was suld to a gentleman named
Jrummond, who stripped her of her fastenings,
ron, etc., and then let her go to the bottom.

‘Tue Lake Superior Wews says Messrs. Peck
; Maxim, the former from Michigan City, and
he latter from Ludington, have purchased a
nill site on the east side of Rice’s Point, be-
ween the Blast Furnace and Cutler, Gilbert &
earson’s mill. The property comprises 575
eet of water front, and runs back 1,233 feet.
The firm name is W. G. Peck & Co., and they
ropose to put up one of the finest mills in this
ection, a double circular, capacity 90,000 feet
er day, a planing mill, and a shingle mill, all
rovided with the latest modern improvements.
They will commence building as soon as pos-
ible, and will have it in operation by the open-
ng of navigation in the spring.

A DEVASTATING tornado lately swept through
| section of the Menominee, Mich., lumber dis-
rict. The Peshtigo Eugle says it was a mile
vide, and besides filling up the road from Quin-
lesec to Felch mountain, it filled Pine creek
ull of trees for a mile so that the water ran
ver and around the banks. On the Pike river,
n that town, ite course was a mile wide, and
wherever it passed the lumber lies flat. The
xtent of the damage is not yet fully known,
yot from present information it is thought to
over hundreds of acres of timber. Men have
yen vent up to ascertain the full extent of the

e. The fallen timber will all have to be
mt into the river the coming winter, otherwise
t will be spoiled by the worms.

/

ENGLISH WOOD TRADE,

James Smith & Co.’s wood circular, dated
Liverpool, 3rd of October, says :—Business dur-
ing the month has been in many respects satis-
factory, and, although there has been no great
advance in prices, still they are generally firmer
and in some cases are higher than at the opening
of last month. The harvest has proved to be
better than at one time anticipated, and trade
prospects in this country are altogether more
encouraging. From Quebec it is reported that
mills have stopped, owing to the low state of
the rivers ; the stocks are light and prices rising ;
the demand from the United States is also very
good. Freights are firm, with the probability
of an advance. Yellow pine:—The arrivals
during the month have been rather less than in
the same month of the previous year, and the
consumption has fallen off, no doubt owing to
the great advance in the price of this article.
The rivers in Canada being so low makes it im-
possible to add to the stocks, and it is reported
that many mills have had to stop running, and
that prices are advancing. A small parcel of
waney board pine was offered at auction a few
days ago, but was withdrawn unsold. By
private a cargo of Bay of Islands square pine
was sold at 19d. per foot. Red pine is in very
little request, and the stock remains heavy.
For ash there has been a better demand, but
there is an ample stock ; this also applies to elm.
Oak :—There is a large stock, and although the
demand is fairly good, still the consumption is
not equal to that of this time last year; prime
wood is enquired for. From January 26th to
September 30th, 374 vessels had arrived.

Robert Coltart & Co.’s wood circular, dated
Liverpool, October 4th, says :—The improved
tendeney noticed in our last circular has been
maintained during the past month, and prices
have remained very steady, while for some
articles an advance has been obtained. The im-
port has been very light as compared with the
corresponding month of last year, but the con-
sumption also shows some reduction during the
same. period ; present stocks, though ample, are
not now so much in excess of the demand as
they were for several months past. Of square
pine the import has been light, and sales have
been difficult to make at the advanced prices
demanded by shippers; the consumption has
been on a fair scale, and the present stock is
moderate. Waney board pine has arrived more
freely, and gone well into consumption. For
red pine the demand continues dull. Ash, of
prime quality, is enquired for. Elm has been
in fair demand during the month. The con-
gumoption of oak has been on a limited scale,
and the stock is increasing.

For wagon scantling the demand is dull, and
prices are unremunerative. The import of
birch has been moderate, but still sufficient for
the demand, which continues dull. The stock
of N.B. and N.S, spruce deals is now much re-

duced, being 15,211 standards’ against 25,821
standards at the same time last year ; the con-
sumption has been on a fair scale, and if the
present moderate rate of import is continued, a
more satisfactory bnsiness may be hoped for.
The stock of Quebec pine deals consists of 10,248

standards, against 5,177 standards at the same |

time last year, and the demand continues dull ;
prices are low, and do not realize the cost of im-
port. Im Quebec merchantable pipe and
puncheon staves there are no sales to report.

PAPER MAKING IN NORWAY.

If pine trees might have preference among all
the strange destinies of transformation to which
they are born, one could easily fancy their
choosing to be wrought into paper. It takes
but five minutes to do this in one of the Honefos
mills by that brace of confederate prestidigita-
teurs, steam and water. The roar, and fizz,
and clink with which they do it sound weird
enough in the heart of the fir forest, where the
mill stands, and the change is swifter than the
eye can well follow. The logs are sawed in
lengths of fourteen inches, split into quarters,
smoothed, piled into a huge iron wheel, revoly-
ing in water, grinds them into pulp, and tosses
the pulp into troughs and pipes. Here it is
sifted and strained ; then, carried up into a huge
revolving hopper, it is ground still finer; then
poured out and rolled in layers on huge iron
rollers covered with woollen cloth. Off these
rollers it comes in solid sheets, is folded, and
put into presses to dripgand dry, like news-
papers. Just five minutes from the time the
logs go into the iron wheel at the ‘upper end of
the mill they come out at the lower end in thick
sheets. These are shipped to England, to be
there mixed with linen and made into thinner
paper.

Seven thousand dollars a year the pine forest
makes in this way for its owner ; but to do it
wheels run and men work night and day all the
year round, except from six o’clock to six o’clock
on Sundays.

The overseer, who seemed an enthusiast, said
that his one ambition in life was to have such a
mill of hisown. ‘‘ But I shall not get one,” he
said, sadly, ‘‘I am®paid but forty dollars a
month, and it takes that to support my family.
Norway is a hard country for a man to rise in.
He must go to America for that.”

The mill stands on the edge of, almost over, a
grand waterfall, the sprayof,which fills the air
and makes still stronger the aromatic odor of
bruised pine. On every side stretch away
forests of trees awaiting their turn to die into
new life. The spot is full of wild and poetic
significance. Allied to secrets, from first to
last, is the tree that goes from the realms of the
upper air, solitude ofjnight and stars, birds, and
the winds of morning, to,become voiceless
messenger, faithful hoarder, of the purpose,

| from northern Michigan.

| power, passion, worshipof men. From papyrus

to pine, a long lineage of honor. The Moham-
| medan is right when he reverently treasures the
| smallest fragment of paper, because it may have
| borue or bears the name of God.

Pickled Railroad Ties.

If as many railroads are,built in this country
in the next five years to come as have been
built during the last half decade, it will be diff-
cult to get timber for ties. Oak and cedar are
the varieties of wood used, all other available
kinds of timber lacking durability or firmness.
The Lake Shore Company has purchased a tract
of timber land near Wickliffe, paying about
$120 an acre for it. It is the only timber land
between Cleveland and Buffalo, and the supply
will soon be exhausted. The N. Y.,C. &S. L.
road was obliged to use beech, maple, and other
varieties of hard lumber. The majority of the
ties used on the new line, however, are cedar
Shortly, when the
oak and cedar are exhausted, it*will be necessary
to use hardwood timber, put through a pickling
process such as is used in preserving the wood
blocks of pavements. The process is a patent
| belonging to a company of gentlemen, most of
whom are Clevelanders. It is easy to see that
they have a profitable invention.* .Ties made of
beech and maple and other varieties of by no
means durable wood, put through the pickling
process, have been laid on the road at Defiance,
and although they have been in place five years,
they show no indications of decay. The pickling
is done by placing the ties in a large boilér,
costing from $15,000 to $20,000, and soaking
them in a solution of creosote and other ingre-
dients, which are known only to the inventors.
In England blocks of stone are used as tiggy but
the concussion of such a solid foundation is
hard on the rolling stock and rails of the road.

The Cedars of Lebanon.

The once famous and extensive cedar forest of
Lebanon, according to a writer in the Vienna
Politische Correspondenz, has dwindled down to
the dimensions of a mere thicket, numbering
about four hundred trees. To save it from com-
plete destruction, and preserve it at least in its
present extent, Rustem Pasha, the- Governor-
General of the Lebanon, has issued a special or-
dinance, containing a series of stringent regula«
tions calculated to check, if not quite put a stop
to, the vandalism and carelessness of most
| travellers. It is expressly forbidden to put up
tents or other. kinds of shelter in the district of
| the trees, or to light fires or cook any provisions
in their vicinity. No oneis allowed to break off
a bough or even a twig from theltrees. It is
forbidden to bring any beasts of burden within
the district. Should oxen, sheep, goats or other
pasturage cattle be found within the prescribed
limits, they will be irredeemably confiscated.—
Scientific American.

Mh: THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LOSSES BY FOREST FIRES.

LOW WATER INJURES BUSINESS—THE WASTE OF
MATERIAL IN MANUFACTURING SQUARE TIMBER,
Some very interesting information regarding

the lumber trade has been secured. It is up-

wards of thirty years since the water in the

Ottawa river was so low as it is at the present

time. Along the banks of the river and its

tributaries large quantities of saw logs are tied
up, which may only be estimated by hundreds
of thousands. The little village of mills at the

Chaudiere is almost deserted. The mills have

shut down, and disappointed mill owners are

forced to cancel remunerative contracts, owmg
to the scarcity of logs. All the prominent
lumbering establishments have been obliged to
suspend work, their yards having been cleared
of logs, and the idea of getting any further
supply down the river this season has been
abandoned. It was estimated, during the early
part of the present month, that this season’s
cut for the Ottawa Valley district would reach

367,000,000 feet. The present state of the water

will make a material change in this calulation,

which will probably fall short at least thirty
per cent. of the actual quantity of lumber
sawn,

boats to their fleet for this trade.

lumber trade.

twenty-five cents took place.

against which they have been obliged to con-
tend,
to anything over three feet draft. The small

season, and the larger boats, on account of the
small loads they are able to carry, are only bare-

LOSS FROM FORESS FIRES.

The want of water is not the only obstacle

which the Ottawa lumbermen have been obliged
to encounter of late. The destructive forest
fires which have been raging over their exten-
sive timber limits during the past few weeks
have laid waste some of the most valuable
timber property in the Dominion. The ques-
tion of the timber supply of the Dominion has
frequently received the attention of Parliament,
and notwithstanding the precautions which
have been taken to enforce the laws for the pre-
vention of forest fires it has been found impos-
sible to lessen the quantity of valuable property
which is yearly destroyed in this way. The
lowest estimate of the average annual loss
through forest fires places it at $5,000,000 in the
Ottawa Valley alone. It was suggested by an
expert, who was examined before a committee
of the House of Commons, that the appoint-
ment of a staff of inspectors of forests would
largely reduce the annual loss from this cause.
That the country should derive the fullest
benefit from the services of such a corps, he
said, it would be necessary that these inspectors
should be practical foresters, men of education
and ample experience in the best training
schools of Europe. It would be comparatively
easy to secure the services of such a class, who,
when once established in this country, could
train their assistants. When it is considered
that it takes a pine tree 150 years to attain
maturity the magnitude of the yearly national
loss from this cause is more apparent.
VALUE OF TIMBER LANDS.

An idea may be formed of the value of the
timber limits from which the Ottawa district is
supplied from the following account of sales
which were effected in this city by public auc
tion and properties offered for sale on the 21st
inst.:—The Campbell limit of thirty-nine square
miles, situated on the Trout Lake branch of the
Petewawa river, was first effered en bloc. It
was started at $15,000 and was knocked down
at $29,500. A limit of fifty square miles on the
Desmoin® and Coulonge rivers, owned by Sir
Francis Hincks, was next offered. This limit
was withdrawn, the highest offer being $110 per
square mile.

The Fraser and McDougall limits were then
offered, berths 164 and 169 being knocked down
at $99,000 ; berths 165 and 168, 100 miles square,
and berth 166, 50 square miles, for $59,000 and
$36,000 respectively ; berth 167, 50 square miles,
for $15,000. An offer of $496 per square mile was
refused for the Brannen limit, 50 miles square,
on the Kippewa river. Lake Nipissing limits,
berths 23, 43, and 51, 108 square miles, were
offered, but withdrawn, the highest bid being
$75,000 for the lot, or $50,000 for berth 23.

THE FORWARDING TRADE.

While the Millowners will be serious losers
as the result of this season’s operations, their
misfortunes will be shared by the forwarders
who carry their lumber to market. Although
the volume of this season’s business had, up to
within a few weeks since, been fully up to the
average, the forwarding trade on the whole,
has not proved remunerative. Encouraged by

are looking for an advance in freights, yet there
does not appear to be any reason at present
why their anticipations should be realized.
The barge stock was never so large as it has

which the competition has been more active.
(Quebec freights remain about as they opened in

for green lumber. Freights to Montreal range
from $1.10 to $1.20 per thousand ; to Whithall
$2.25, and to Burlington $2 per thousand.

A NEW OUTLET.

The Commissioner of Crown Lands for the
Province of Ontario some little time since cal-
led the attention of Canadian mill owners to
the opening up of a new outlet for the product
of their mills, by which they may escape the
duty of $2 per thousand feet which meets them
on shipments to the United States, and which,
he says renders it almost, if not altogether im-
possible, for them to compete with lumber from
Michigan. The outlet he refers to is the ship-
ment of inch and inch and a quarter sawn lum-
ber direct from the mills at Ottawa, viz., the
North Shore Railway to Quebec, thence by ves-
sel to Glasgow. The experiment was tried and
proved fairly remunerative. Hitherto the pro-
duce of Canadian saw mills shipped to Europe
has been in the form of deals only.

WASTE IN SQUARE PINE.

To the great loss annually sustained from
the waste of valuable material in the manufac-
ture of square and waney pine, the commission-
er has given special attention. The suggestions
he offers for its remedy are well worthy of its
consideration, He estimates that one fourth of
every tree cut into square or waney timber is
lost to the wealth of the country. When the
tree is cut down it is lined off for squaring, and
the ‘‘round” outside the lines is beaten off on
the four sides, From the portion of the tree
thus thrown to waste the best class of clear
lumber is obtained when taken in the round to
asaw mill. There is also the upper portion of
the tree, which is cast away when the tree is
made into square timber, but which would be
sawn into lumber (of lower grade) if the round
log were taken to the mill.

The estimated loss to the Province of Ontario
from waste in cutting square pine, from 1868 to
1877, both years inclusive, was placed at $3,577, -
500. The circulation is as follows :—Total
quantity taken from public and private lands
during the ten years, 119,259.420 cubic feet ;
waste, one-fourth of each tree, equal to one-
third of the total mentioned, namely, 39,750,140
cubic feet, or say in round numbers 477,000,000
feet board measure, which may be valued one-
half at $10 per thousand feet, and one-half at
$5 per thousand, representing relatively the
prime timber from the upper part of the tree,
average value say $7%50 per thousand, which
gives the total loss for ten years as mentioned
above, or equal to an annual loss of $357.750.

The word character comes from a term which
means to engrave upon or to cutin. In select-

ing pens it is advisable to see that the name of
Esterbrook is stamped on them,

the high freights ruling last year from the
Ottawa mills to the American ports, United
States bargemen added nearly one hundred new
A number of
bargemen employed on the Brie Canal with-
drew their boats from that route, expecting to
find more profitable employmeet in the Ottawa
Their expectations can hardly
have been realized. Freights opened in the
spring at $3.75 per thousand from Ottawa to
New York and $3 to Albany. Two weeks
later they dropped twenty-five cents per thous-
and, and about midsummer another decline of
The low rates of
coal freight to Montreal and other ports have
also proved a serious loss to the boatmen, who
last year found profitable employment in taking
a cargo of coal on their return trip. There is
still another and equally serious drawback

The low state of the water in the rivers
and canals will not admit of boats being loaded

craft have been compelled to lay up for the

ly clearing running expenses. Local forwarders

been the present season, in consequence of

the spring—$2 per thousand for dry and $2.10

THE SUPERVISORSHIP OF CULLERS.

The Montreal Gazette says:—We print in
another column a letter from Quebec on the
subject of the supervisorship of cullers, the
position having been rendered vacant by the
death of Mr. Quinn, who for many years filled
that office. It raises a question of very con-
siderable importance, namely, whether an oftice
like that of Supervisor of Cullers, which from
the nature of the business is located in Quebec,
is to be considered as an ordinary political ap-
pointment in the hands of the member re-
presenting the constituency and supporting the
administration of the day. Our own opinion is
that it does not come within this class. It is
not like a clerkship in the Post Office or Custom
House or Excise Department, which may fairly
be said, under the system that prevails in this
country, to be within the gift of the local re-
presentatives. It is an office which has to do
with the trade of the whole Dominion. The
Supervisor of Cullers at Quebec is the Super-
visor of Cullers for Canada, and under these
circumstances it would, we think, be most un-
fortunate if the position were considered to be
the gift of the member for Quebec. As a
matter of fact, the lumbermen of the Ottawa
and the St. Maurice have infinitely more to do
with the Cullers’ office, and are infinitely more
interested in the manner in which the Super-
visor performs his duty, than are the people of
Quebec themselves, excluding, of course, the
timber merchants, Who may be said to have an
equal interest. Under these circumstances we
cannot help thinking the Government would
act most wisely if they considered the views of
the trade rather than the views of a supporter,
who happens to represent the city of Quebec, in
making the appointment.

Startling Waste.
One reason’ why the cabinet woods of the
country are scarcer and dearer yearly ix given
in the editorial correspondence of the Industriak
World. The gentleman has been spying out
the land, and in the course of much interesting
information says :—‘‘ The unaccountable waste
of timber is startling, if not appalling. While
economists, and all thoughtful men in the older
states, are gravely discussing the problem of
the coming timber famine, the good natured,
easy going farmers of Henry county (and all —
Missouri) are splitting magnificent walnut,
butternut, cherry and mulberry trees into com-
mon rails for the enclosure of $8, $12 and $20
lands, cutting them into logs for cabins, hovels,
and pig troughs, and even into commfn cord-
wood, to sell on the market in competition with
cheap coals. Still worse, many a woodland
farmer girdles scores of valuable trees (even the
stumps of which will be gathered forthe coming
markets), burns them in the new clearings side
by side with the baser woods, and wonders the
while that he must pay enormous prices for
solid walnut furniture from factories a thousand
miles away.” Where are all the timber
buyers? '

Wood-Preserving Process.

A new wood-preserving process has been in-
vented in France by M. Jacques. He first im-
pregnates the timber thoroughly with a simple
solution of soap, mixed with an acid—preferably
phenic acid. This causes the fermentation, in a
few days, within the wood, of a fatty acid,
which is insoluble in water, and impregnates
the remotest fibres. The reaction of the acid om
the soap does not take place until a portion of
the water has evaporated. It is claimed that-
more perfect impregnation can be had this way
than with creosote, and there is no danger of
the washing out of the preservative from the
exposed surfaces, as when sulphate of copper is
used. The government commission on technical
railroad operation in France is said f favor this
process.

THE VANDAL IN THE FOREST.
KENTUCKY'S GREAT TREE—MEASURING FIFTY-SIX FEET AT
THE BASE—SLAUGHTERED !

What vandal hands cut dowh that pine,
That forest monarch tree !

That battled for life five hundred years,
Away in Kentucky?

Wood Drying.

M. Rens, of Stettin, renders wood perfectly
dry and insensible to humidity and atmospheric
variations. The wood is subjected to the action
of oxygen which has been heated and acted upon
by an electric current. The apparatus consists
of a retort for the production of oxygen by any
of the known methods, and of a kier which can
be heated, and in which the boards are placed
to be dried. Vacuum is produced in the kier,
oxygen introduced, and after heating several
times an electric current is allowed to pass
through.

ApAM Boy tg, of Battleford, has hit on a new
way of raising potatoes. Being pressed for
time in the spring, he dug holes in the sand and
dropped in the cuttings, covering them lightly
with earth. This was all the attention they
received, and now he is taking up a heavy crop
of large and fine looking potatoes. If the Indi-
ans ever learn this system of potato culture,
made easy, remarks the Herald, it will enable
them to give their hoes a rest during the hot
days of summer. >

Some timber butcher sure it was,
Who in his sordid strife,

Counted only on what logs he'd make,
By taking that monarch’s life.

A soulless crowd from Vanceburg too,
Assembled there to see

Him wield the axe, and not one cried,
O! woodman spare that tree.

But shouts of frantic joy they gave,
When bowed its cloud capped head,
And its giant trunk in thunder crashed

Upon an earthly bed,

Their children, if half civilized,
Will sure in after years,

Make pilgrimages to its stump,
And water it with tears.

And when, in the long apse of time,
Its heart is in decay,

They'll make a flower bed of its core,
When those Goths have passed away.

Duidacy
A Lumberman.
Cote St. Antoine, Montreal, October, 1881.

LIVERPOOL STOCKS.
We take from the Timber Trades Journal the following Comparative Table showing Stock
of Timber and Deals in Liverpool en Sept. 30th, 1880 and 1881, and also the Consumption for
the month of September, 1880 and 1881 —

Quebec Square Pine... .. 12. s.cccceewenscecs 535,000 ft.
“- Waney Board. ou. uc. acest uteecsenene 364,000 ‘*
Nt. Jahn Pin. of )cccses crt Seneeeenneee 10,000 “*
Other Porte Pine. .cccc Oe A cee sine Ee 57,000 ‘*
Pitch Pine, hewn. 708,000 **
as sawn, . 467,000 ‘*
fs planks 82,000 ‘*
Red Pine.......cs08 52,000 “
Dantzig, &c., Fir ...... .. 69,000 ‘*
Sweden and Norway Fir. .... eck c ences enuess 5,000 “*
Oak, Canadian............. tie Chimie wrSlersiets Wels 482,000 *‘*
SSP IAS... ve'ukis v0 0'cis o's 5 CAR Same 148,000 “
SO UBAIEIC. «00: oss vewen sucnenten tamcek eeeoe 72,000 <
I Saetn WS KL SH e bale qdin.cke ae elbs MES CM Mle TG 49,000 ‘*
BAD Mie larck caicieticicis ours 6 Sieh anaere SO ae 22,000 “*
IPOH cass wseeibiewens's es euaeee mess haha cris 149,000 ‘*
Greenbioavtidei ca we ndwciaewas entete dunce nia 000 **
Rast: India’ Deak... en eck Gctieta eens Gaeee 27,000 “*
eee sprUOe LCI 10,edo otda,| 6,177 ets] 8,182 stds) 1,498 stds
N. B. & N. S. Spruce Deals. . 16,211 « 24,821 § }
te Pine c ass “f 1,451 “ 6,151 “ 10,582 “*
Baltic Deals .. 4,172 ‘ 3,214 “* 968 <* 2,228 “
ft) Boardsinwecaiccs 283 707 “ ) Sr
“* Flooring Boards y, 914 “* 611 “ ass “*

‘apg a

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, 3

ROBERT W. LOWE,

AUCTIONEER AND COMMISSION MERCHANT,

81 SANDS BUILDING, PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.
Cash advanced on Goods putin for sale. Aa No Storage charged. All kinds of Merchandise

Bought and Sold.

New and Second-hand Furniture always op hand, Agent for Hazelhurst & Co’s

WINTHROP COOKING RANGES, WATERLOO WOOD STOVES, FRANKLIN, &e., &c., &¢.

L22-ly

SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

:
fo
.

“STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by

The Canadian Steam Users’ Insurance Association

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO.

SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President.
HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres.

AccORDING to the Times, 149 new buildings

_ have been erected in St. Thomas this season at

| an outlay of $178,350. Last year the number of

new structures was 108 and the expenditure

$133,650. There are three huge contracts on

the boards for next season—the Government

_ buildings, the Grand Central hotel, and the new
_ Presbyterian church.

; A WoopsLeE manufacturer has contracted
_ to make four million staves for a Buffalo man.

McBurney & McCatr’s large cabinet factory
and planing mill at St. Williams has been en-
larged to double its capacity to accommodate
their increasing business.

wat)

Tue oak forest of Darnaway, which is the seat
of the Earls of Moray, is acknowledged to be
the finest in Scotland, and there are few which
can compare with it anywhere in the British
Isles,

\ feo aepe

LovisiAnA has 108 varieties of trees well suit-
ed for lumber and fuel.

THE KEY TO HEALTH.
“BURDOGK BLOOD |

Unlocks all the clogged avenues of the
Bowels, Kidneys and Liver. carrying
off gradually without weakening the system,
all the impurities and foul humorsgof the
secretions ; at the same time Correcting
Acidity of the Stomach, curing Bili-
ousness, Dyspepsia, Headaches, Diz-
ziness, eartburn, Constipation,
Dryness of the Skin, Dropsy, Dim-

ness of Vision, Jaundice, Salt Rheum,

Erysipelas, Scrofula, Fluttering of
- tae Heart, Nervousness and General
Debility ; all these and many other simi-
lar Complaints yield to the happy influence
of BURDOCK BLOOD BITTERS.

Sample Bottles 10c ; Regular size $1.
For sale by all dealers.
7. MILBURN & (O., Proprictors, Toronto

GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.
A. F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. ly1l7

J. F. LAWTON.
Alexandria Saw Works

SAINT JOHN, N.8.

Saws of all kinds manufactured from
the BHST CAST STEEL that can be
procured in any Market.

EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SAWS REPAIRED in the best manner
and on Short Notice.

Send Address for Price List, Terms, &e.
J. F, LAWTON.

UNION FOUNDRY

122

Union Street, - - - Carleton,

Warerooms, Water Street,

she JOHN, N. B.
Alian Brothers

(Late of Harris & Allen)

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF

Steam Engines
MILL MACHINERY.

Ships Windlasses, Iron Capstans

and Ships CASTINGS of all kinds.

Ships Cambooses & Cabin Stoves
COOKING AND HEATING

STOV HS,

Shop, Office and Parlor Stoves, and Franklins.

Agricultural Implements.

BRASS CASTINGS.

Tin, Sheet Iron and Copper Ware for SHIP and
U22-Ly HOUSE use,

MONTREAL SAW

WOR

MONTREAL,

Ks

AHG.

N
Op hog > St. Paul
&, 8 Ge, 3 >>

<<
—

Street.

‘puvg uo skvmye serfddng [IPT Te1euey
‘puvy uo sfvaye sorddng [IPT [etewey

All correspondence address to Chas. M. WHITLAW, Sec.

ADAM McKAY

MANUFACTURER OF

Steam Hngines and Boilers,

AND ALL KINDS OF MACHINERY.
Locomotives, Stationery and Marine Engines and Boilers, Girders, Heaters, Radia-
tors, and all kinds of Steam and Brass Fittings and Sheet Iron Work; and dealer
in all classes of Railway, Steamboat and MiLL SUPPLIES.

L24-ly 144 Upper Water Street, HALIFAX, N.S.

a OS 5 -Wis oa he
\( Nx \ J) \ WW < << iS Wy 4 / > a—
~ And ELECTROT

46 King Street, ST. JOHN, NB.

re NEWEST DESIGNS AND BEST WORK.228

B> MACHINE CUTS A SPECIALTY.

N

L24-ly

ie

IN

We
aM

al LIN
sli | |

Te
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oS,

FORESTRY.

The following is the able and interesting
prize essay of Mr, P. HE. Bucke, of Ottawa,
which was read at the recent meeting of the
Ontario Provincial Agricultural Association at
London, Ont. :—

In the earlier days of the Province of Ontario
(Upper Canada), if anyone had argued restric-
tion on the destruction of timber, he would
have had few to listen to him. Amongst the
earlier settlers the destruction of trees was
looked upon as one of the cardinal virtues. The
superabundance of timber led to this state of
things, and it is now found difficult to check
the rapid wasting away of our forests, :

Fifty years ago the trees standing in and
around your ‘‘ Forest City” were the admira-
tion of strangers. Mr. J. C. Loudon, writing
at the date referred to, states that ‘‘ The white
pine near New London has a trunk varying
from thirteen to eighteen feet in circumference,
and some trees which had been blown down
were measured and found to average one hun-
dred and sixty feet inlength. The oaks varied
from ten to fifteen feet round the trunk, with
fifty feet of clear stem. Mixed with these were
beeches, birches and ashes. Horizontal sections
of white pine and hemlock spruce exhibited be-
tween 300 and 400 annual rings; oaks, 200;
elms, 300.” The memory of the writer reaches
nearly back to the time and place referred to
when, in the language of the American poet :—

“His echoing axe the settler swung,
Amidst the sealike solitude ;

And crashing, thundering, down were flung,
The Titans of the wood.”

When the pioneer looks back, what changes
present themselves in the past fifty years. The
goose which laid the golden egg is being rapidly
strangled, and it is now declared by people best
able to judge that the work of wholesale
destruction of the forests of the country is being
carried on without any new growth of timber
being produced to take the place of that remoy-
ed. The Government, which has for a long
time lain in a partially dormant condition with
regard to this subject, is now awakening from
its lethargy, and it is trusted that this immense
industry, second only to agriculture in this
Province, will at length receive the attention its
magnitude deserves.

The subject is a practical one, and must be
approached in a practical way. Besides the use
of trees for timber, it is now generally conceded
that they have certain influences which assist
in the harmonizing of the Jaws of nature. For
instance, trees, by the absorption of carbonic
acid gas, and emission of oxygen, assist in puri-
fying the air we breathe. By interposing their
foliage between the sun and the earth, they
shelter the latter and equalize the temperature
of earth and air. They cover the earth with
leaves which, when decayed, make a most
nutritious soil, and in the meantime guard
against a too rapid evaporation of water. Trees
also serve to protect both the ground and human
habitations from cold and destructive winds.
The evaporation from their leaves by cooling
the atmosphere has the effect of increasing the
frequency of showers, and also assists in the
precipitation of dew. In will be seen in the
manner above described that forests subserve a
most beneficial purpose. Apart, however, from
these considerations, and their utilitarian, or
revenue producing qualities, trees are the most
majestic and imposing of nature’s vegetable
kingdom, and no view, in any country, is an
object of beauty without them. It is noticed
in the report of the Commissioner on Agricul-
ture, just issued, that the County of Kent is be-
ginning to decorate its roadways by the planting
of trees. Nothing can show a higher state of
civilization, or a greater love of the beautiful,
than tree growing for agricultural purposes.
But besides harmonizing the influences of
nature, and adding their graceful forms to the
grandeur of the landscape, there is a wealth in
trees which few can realize who have not had
some share in the export timber trade of this
country. In 1872 circulars were prepared and
sent to all mill owners and others in Ontario to
ascertain the amount of timber cut. When the
returns were received, square timber, logs, deals,
&c., were reduced to board measure, and the
estimate based on these returns showed a pro-
duction of 750,000,000 feet, and it was caléulated
that of this quantity from 85 to874 per cent.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

was exported, and the balance used in the coun-
try. The produce of the forests of Ontario
since then are supposed to have declined.

The revenue derived from timber by the
Crown Lands Department of this Province
averages nearly $400,000 per annum, and the
latest returns give an area of a little over 16,000
square miles of territory under license to parties
for cutting timber.

The actual amount of timber in Ontario and
the territory covered by it is a subject of the
utmost importance, as the wealth of this Pro-
vince, like most other new countries, is re-
presented, not so much by its manufactures as
by the product of the soil, and these are derived
from three sources, namely, agriculture, mines,
and forests.

The enormous waste of timber by bush fires
is quite incredible to those who have not wit-
nessed the devastation of pine lands by this de-
structive element. These originate through
careless settlers, hunters who camp in the woods,
and sometimes, though rarely, by the lumber-
men themselves, or by surveyors who make
smudges to ward off the attacks of flies and
mosquitoes. These fires, started during a dry
season, are only stopped by large streams,
lakes, swamps, or by heavy and continuous
rains, and are much more destructive than the
shantyman’s axe, because where the latter culls
the good timber and leaves the small trees for
future years, the former destroys both timber
and soil, leaving a barren waste, the pines being
usually replaced by a serub growth of birch and
poplar. Stringent laws have been passed by
the Ontario Legislature against the originators
of these fires, but unfortunately no sufficient
machinery has been organized to put these
laws in force, though petitions from time to
time have been forwarded to the Local Govern-
ment by the mill owners and lumbermen, who
are in every way interested in their suppression.
It is estimated that more timber has been de-
stroyed by bush fires than has been exported
altogether from this country.

It is evident that if these fires could be sup-
pressed, and the young trees which are left on
the pine lands after the large timber has been
cut out, could be protected and allowed to grow
up, a valuable basis would be formed for a con-
tinuous supply. If to this were added some
systematic scheme by the Government for plant-
ing on its waste lands, it is not yet too late to
recuperate the pine timber forests of the coun-
try. To further the proposed undertaking, it
would be well to import a few practical foresters,
in order that their accrued wisdom in the Old
World might be utilized in the New. <A portion
of the revenue derived from the Crown Land’s
dues by the Government would be profitably
expended in fostering and protecting the timber
interests on the public domain, and if the
present dues are not sufficient to meet the neces-
sary demands, they should be _ increased.
(Power for this purpose is given in the 1st sec-
tion of an Act respecting Timber and Public
Lands. Chap. 26, Con. Statutes of Canada, Sec-
tion 1).

Under the direction of the Commissioner of
Crown Lands, there is at present a system of
wood rangers, which consists of a staff of twenty
or thirty experienced and reliable rangers, en-
gaged from December to the end of April, with
some of the party continued to the end of Oc-
tober. The employment of these individuals
has been very satisfactory, swelling the revenue
in some instances 50 per cent., and in one agency
400 per cent. These rangers have standing in-
structions to report on any special waste, and
amongst other things to see that any timber,
which has been killed by fire running through
it, is utilized before the borer has destroyed the
wood, Although their visits through the bush
have been of great service to the Government,
it is obviously impossible for this small staff of
partially employed men, and that at a time of
year when fires of a serious nature never occur,
to ascertain the orgin of the destructive confla-
grations which visit the pineries, or to look as
sharply after the interests of the Government
as is necessary. The writer would therefore
respectfully suggest that the Government should
appoint permanently the required number of
wood rangers, or inspectors, and that one or
more constables be employed for every 100
square miles, whose duty it should be to appre-

SS A

hend and report to the ranger, or other officer,
any causes of violation of the Crown Timber
regulations, and especially with regard to fires,
the officer in charge being authorized to examine
under oath, and prosecute parties offending
against the Land Act. At present the regula-
tions are good, but as there is no one specially,
beside the rangers, to enforce them, and as these
are so few and spread over so large a territory,
besides which they are not employed continuous-
ly, the Government therefore can hardly expect
that careful supervision which the country has
a right to demand for the revenue obtained.

With regard to the replanting of trees as a
means of continuing the timber supply, the
Commissioner of Crown Lands, writing in 1877,
says that ‘It is of course known that on the
continent of Europe, where forests are in the
hands of the Government (as they are in On-
tario), the cutting down of trees is rigidly re-
gulated and restricted, a system of yearly
planting being closely adhered to. The same
practice is followed in Britain, where forests
are chiefly in the hands of private individuals,
but in those countries the population is at a
maximum, and is maintained at that point. No
entrenchments on the forest lands are deemed
necessary, whereas, in Ontario, a vast yearly
influx is continually pressing into the lands of
the Crown, before which the forests must in
the meantime yield, whatever steps may be
deemed necessary to restore them in the future.”
The writer must dissent somewhat from the
theory laid down, and would suggest that
millions of acres of pine lands are practically
unsuited for agriculture, and therefore worth-
less for settlement, and it is the manifest duty
of the Government, as holding the land in trust
for the people, to see that these tracts are pro-
tected in such a way that the young timber is
allowed to take the place of that cut, and that
they be guarded against bush fires and promis-
cuous pillage. With regard to the preservation
and culture of pine timber, it is absolutely ne-
cessary, owing to the large area required for its
growth, and the time it occupies in attaining a
suitable size for the purposes for which it is
used,—say from 80 to 150 years, if produced
from the cone,—that the Government must be
the producer, cultivator, and protector. No in-
dividual could acquire the thousands of square
miles which would be needed, nor could any
family or company afford, as an investment, to
await the period when the greater revenue from
large timber would be derived. But the greatest
obstacle to a private scheme of this kind would
be the danger of throwing so large a monopoly
of timber and territory into private hands. The
Government, by the retention of certain dis-
tricts, and the appointment of competent forest-
ers and constables, could guard, plant and pro-
tect any sized domain, and it is believed would
be enabled to secure a paying revenue from the
timber grown. It is therefore suggested, 1st,
that pine timber lands should not be subject to
entry and premption or homestead laws ; 2nd,
that the lands now known as ‘‘Government
Pine Timber Lands” should be surveyed and
appraised at their approximate value ; 3rd, that
experts be directed to ascertain,—if it is not
already known to the Government,—the pine
lands area in Ontario.

With regard to the cost of producing timber,
it is stated in the report on Swedish forest cul-
ture that in the northerly part of Sweden it re-
quires two and three hundred years for trees to
attain their full size, whilst in the southern
part of the country one hundred years was
found sufficient. Estimating, therefore, our
pine lands at one dollar per acre, allowing 160
years for the timber to grow, and interest at the
rate of 5 per cent., which would double the
principle every 20 years, the result would be
that at the end of the time specified (160 years),
the timber would cost $256 per acre. The
writer believes this statement to be a very
accurate one. It does not take ito considera-
tion the further cost of fencing and taxes, and
the wages for the further supervision of the
estate, whilst on the other hand the thinnings
from time to time would pay a small percentage,
probably enough to clear all charges for interest,
ete. The lakes and streams enclosed might
also be protected, and together with the forests,
could be made to yield a revenne from the fish
and game produced in them,

In Sweden the pine and spruce lands are
never entirely cleared. From six to seven seed
trees are left on every quarter acre until the
young plants begin to grow up. In five or six
years these are removed.

With respect to the encouragement of tree
planting, the neighboring republic has given
great attention to the subject, and has en-
deavored to promote it by premiums, by reduc-
tion or remission of taxes, and on prairie lands
the actual right to so many acres, without money
payment, provided a certain number of trees
are planted and cared for, and in various ways”
the state has tried to stimulate arboriculture,
but the result has not been such as to warrant
imitation on the part of Ontario. Practical
papers on forestry, published in farming jour-
nals and such others as chiefly circulate amongst
the rural districts, to popularize the movement, —
and plantations made of our various native and
selected foreign forest trees, on such Govern-
ment properties as the Experimental Farm,
Guelph, the Asylum enclosures, public school
yards, such exhibition grounds where fairs are
held (where tree protectors could also be shown),
would go far to represent in a practical way
how the general appearance of our country could
be improved, adorned and beautified, at little
cost. Trees for this purpose should be correctly
and neatly labelled, giving age, the date of
transplanting, as well as the common and
botanical name of the specimen, and its native
habitat, if of foreign origin, ete. A few acres
planted here and there would soon convince our
farmers and others that there is money in the
business, as well as beauty, besides an advanced
price added to farm lands. With sach facts
before them, men would be found willing and
ready to invest in this enterprise, and also to
adorn their farms and home surroundings.

Mr. Hotchkiss, who compiled the lumber
article for the last United States census, states
that the timber supply in Michigan is not over
twenty-nine billions of feet, and that the
ordinary quantity annually cut diminished the
supply-at the rate of six billions of feet per an-
num, which will use up these forests in eight
years. The State of Wisconsin, he estimates,
has forty-nine billions of feet of standing pine
and Minnesota six billions, one hundred and
fifty millions, but the supply is fast diminish-
ing. He also estimates that at the present rate
of cutting the Canadian supply will give out
about the same time as that of the United
States, say thirty or forty years hence, at the
utmost limit. The lumber trade of the continent
will then be transferred to the Pacific slope.
One of the largest saw mill owners on the
Ottawa informs the writer that he does not
think there will be any pine to cut for exporta-
tion from Canada twenty years hence. Should
this Province, therefore, wish to retain her
timber interests, there should be no delay in
dealing with the question in some practica
way. /

It may be stated that there is a very strong
feeling amongst the lumbermen and mill-owners
on the Ottawa and elsewhere that the Govern-
ment should survey and inspect all the pine
timber lands, and ascertain as far as possible
what is worthless for cultivation, and absolutely
exclude settlers and squatters from these tracts.
In making such an examination the character of
the soil should be carefully and thoroughly
made known, as the surface of the ground is
usually covered with a thin coating of good soil,
owing to the decaying of the leaves from previous
years, which will only raise one, two, or at the
most three crops, thereby exhausting this thin
skim of earth, so that nothing further will grow
upon it. In the meantime the burning of the
rubbish off this worthless plot has endangered,
if it has done nothing more, millions worth of
property.

Again, it is a difficult matter for parties hold-
ing license claims over a large territory to dis-
possess squatters, as these people, who have
nothing to lose, and who are possessed of the
means of making a fire, could avenge themselves
to an alarming extent. It is believed that if
the Ontario Government could make the people
“aware of the value of the pine timber, and the
necessity there is for protecting it, they (the
Government) would be largely sustained in
passing and carrying out the most stringent
laws for the exclusion of parties liable to inj

their interests, or that of those who are making
a living from the timber.

Having thus far dealt with our pine timber
trade, which is of such yast importance to this
Province, and the Dominion generally, owing to
the large number of hands its production em-
ploys, the machinery and shipping utilized, and
the enormous revenue derived from it, a little
attention must be given to the hardwood trees,
and those most suitable for forest planting.
Perhaps it is as well to state that the area of the
natural habitat of some of our most valuable
native trees is very circumscribed. Experiments
show that this may be greatly enlarged.

It may be said in a general way that no tree
is unsuited for cultivation, but probably the
largest returns may be derived in the fewest
years by setting the Black Walnut (juglans
nigra). This graceful and beautiful tree is an
exceedingly rapid grower. Ten years from the
sowing of the seed, on suitable soil, will give
nuts in return, and at thirty years of age its
wood may be sold for furniture purposes. Chief
Johnston, of Brantford, states that he has trees
of this variety in his grove for which he has
been offered thirty dollars apiece. It will be
found, by referring to the July number of the
Canada Horticulturist, a very practical lesson is
taught by the experience of Mr. Horace Everett,
who, itis stated, twenty-three years ago planted
twenty-three acres of land in the Western
States with black walnuts. The trees are now
from sixteen to eighteen inches through,
and were sold for $27,000, this gives an income
of $50 per acre for the use of the land, with a
minimum of labor, by planting this timber.

Tn all tree planting on level ground it will be
found advantageous to set every second row
with soft wood trees, such as poplar, willow,
basswood, black ash, etc., as these assist in
keeping the ground clear of grass and weeds,
and can be utilized in from five to ten years in
a variety of ways. Their rate of growth being
from three to four times greater than the hard-
wood trees, they present a special advantage for
cultivation. The most profitable trees to grow
will probably be determined by the locality
where the planting is to take place ; that is to
say, when plantations are made of trees outside
of the ordinary commercial timber, such as pine,
oak, black and grey walnut, &c. Near large
paper mills it would be most profitable to plant
basswood, and such of the poplars as are used
in that business. If near extensive carriage
and tool handle works, hickory {and white ash
would be most suitable. Near gunpowder
factories, the willow, used for charcoal. Furni-
ture makers use maple, birch, black and grey
walnut, and sweet chestnut ; fish barrels, butter
tinnets and hay-rakes are chiefly made from
black ash, and in this way scarcely a tree of any
kind can be grown that is worthless, and as the
land becomes denuded of its forests, every tree
will have its special value.

It is believed that if farmers worked less land
better, soil feéding their stock, and raised more
trees, they would find more money in their
land. Some idea of the capacity of soil for tree
growing, and the management of experienced
foresters in Europe, may be formed from the
statement that an acre of ash, elm or sycamore,
40 years old, will contain from 2,000 to 3,000
cubic feet of timber, and when 60 years old,
double that amount, after successive thinnings,
which, near a commercial market, become an
important source of revenue, and often realize
more than the cost of management and interest
on the money invested. Larch, spruce, and
other conifers, require less space than broad-
leaved deciduous trees. Larch will do well in
good soil with only nine feet between the trees.

The quantity of timber grown on a given
area in some of the European government
forests, managed in accordance with the rules
of forestal science, is very much greater than
the same soil would grow if the wood is left
entirely to itself. So much is this the case
that Dr. Berenger, head of the Italian school of
Vallombrosa, states in the Journal of Forestal
Evmomy, 1371-72, ‘* That while an uncultivated
woodland, taken for a long period, and counting
interest and taxes, would yield almost nothing

for the capital invested, it is well established

that the same land, managed according to
modern science, would in the long run yield a
revenue both conspicuous and constant,”

THE CANADA

5

Whatever planting is done,—and it is reeom-
mended that the nut bearing trees should be
the first experimented with, such as sweet chest-
nut, walnuts, black and grey, hickory and white
oak,—the planting of nuts and very small trees
should be made, so as to cover the ground
promptly, say three feet apart, these may be
thinned and pruned as circumstances dictate.
It is calculated that, with very little labor for
culture, rough, rocky lands, or ravines, by
planting and securely fencing,—where there are
no stock laws against cattle running at large,—
may be made to pay a revenue in four years’
time, The first cuttings could be utilized for
hop-poles, hurdles, grape sticks, walking sticks,
or sold for replanting on other waste lands, or
along road sides, or permanent fences.

Another estimate gives the price for the pre-
paration and planting of ten acres of land with
black walnut and white ash as follows :-—Plant-
ing, harrowing, ploughing, etc., would cost $5
per acre, $50 ; seed, 50c. per acre, $5; planting,
$25; cultivating during first five years, if rows
are eleven feet apart, and three feet eight
inches between the trees, to be thinned to eleven
feet apart when required, will be paid for by
crops grown between them ; for cultivation from
fifth to ninth year, with horses only, $30 per an-
num, $120; after this time no cultivation will
be required, making a total of $200 for ten acres.
These trees, at 25 years of age, will average six-
teen inches in diameter at the butt, and about
ten inches at the height of sixteen feet. This
would give, deducting waste in sawing, 120 feet
of lumber per tree, allowing one-sixth for dam-
age by the elements, and loss from other causes,
there would be in round numbers 360,000 feet
of lumber, which, at $50 per thousand, would
give $18,000, whilst the tops for fuel would be
equal to the cost of preparing the logs for the
mill, and the expense of sawing would be $5
per thousand, so that, after deducting all out-
lay, the gross earnings would be $16,000 for the
use of ten acres for 25 years, and the interest on
the amount expended for planting and cultiva-
tion.

The European larch is probably one of the

safest trees to plant as an investmeut, and would
thrive well on the sandy lands of Dorchester, or
the gravelly plains of Burford. This tree grows
rapidly and closely, and in fifteen years becomes
fifty feet high. It is equally at home on arid
sands, rocky soils, ravines, or hill sides. It is
valuable as an enduring tree, and for such pur-
poses as railway ties, fence posts, etc., it has no
eqnal.
* In closing this paper, a reference to the plant-
ing of the larch by the Duke of Athol may not
be out of place. These plantations were begun
in 1728, and continued up to 1826, when more
than 14,000,000 trees were planted, covering 10, -
000 acres. It was found that the larch gained
its fullest value in 72 years, and before it reach-
ed this age the trees were thinned to 400 to the
acre. Estimating the trees at 50 cubic feet,
worth a shilling per foot, the product would be
£1,000 per acre, from the poorest land for agri-
cultural purposes that could possibly be found.
Larch trees planted on this estate in 1743 were
in 1795 nine feet three inches round at four feet
from the ground, and one hundred feet high.
In 1870 these trees measured more than sixteen
feet round, and were 120 feet high.

From the foregoing observations the follow-
ing conclusions may be arrived at :—Firstly, it
is absolutely necessary that forest fires should
be suppressed, and that it is the duty of the
Government, who derive so large a revenue
from timber lands, to expend any sum in reason
that may benecessary in the direction indicated.
Secondly, it is undesirable to open for settle-
ment much of the land at present covered by
pine forests, as it is of such a rocky, barren
nature as to be quite unsuited for agriculture.
Thirdly, that rocky lands, ravines and lowlying
grounds may be profitably planted with little
expense, if stock laws are enacted and enforced
to keep cattle from destroying the young trees ;
fencing where wood is scarce and dear being al-

most a prohibition against the utilizing of waste
lands. Fourthly, the area in which many of
our valuable timber trees now grow may, by
judicious planting, be much enlarged ; and final-
ly, if the present destruction of trees is not ar-
rested, or new plantations made, there is much
danger that our climate, rainfall, and the
general health and prosperity of the country
may be most seriously affected, ;

EK. S. VINDIN,
Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
General Agent,

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. v1

BARGAIN—GRIST AND SAW MILL FOR SALE,
paying 12 per cent. clear ; price $9,000 ; and above
percentage guaranteed. Apply to

JOSEPH DAVIES & Co.,

Lumber, Coal, & Commission Merchants,

46 CHURCH ST. TORONTO. iysic

St. Lawrence Hall,
PORT HOPE.

Is noted for its superior home-like comforts—a well
kept table, equalling the best hotels in Toronto, and
large, well-furnished rooms. Good sample rooms on
ground flour. Walton Street, Port Hope.

b26 WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST,

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. ly.lA

The American Hotel,

BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.

figs Every accommodation for Commercial and

LUMBERMEN,
u14 W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

Fraser’s Hotel,

GRAVENHURST, ONT.

HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
Brown.) Mr. Fraser having purchased and thoroughly
renovated and refitted that old established hotel, so
long and popularly kept and owned by Dougland
Brown, in the Village of Gravenhurst, is now in a posi-
tion to attend to the wants of the travelling and general
public. Parties en route to the Muskoka District, will
find “‘Fraser’s” a comfortable stopping place. The
Bar and Larder are wellfurnished. Convenient Sample
Rooms for Commercial Men. Good stabling and at-
tentive hostler. Free ’bus to and from trains and
steamboats. b26

FRANCOIS MARCHAND,

Manufacturer of all Descriptions of
STEAM BOILERS,
SHIPS WATER TANKS, Etc.

St. Roch Street, QUEBEC, P. Q.

12124

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY

(ESTABLISHED 1856.)

ie eve SS

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOPCDICAL
INSTRUMENTS. ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. 119-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.

GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.

EPPS $ COCOA

BREAKFAST.

“By a thorough knowledge of the natural laws
which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition,
and by a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
fast tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the
judicious use of such articles of diet thata constitution
may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
every tendency to disease, Hundreds of subtle mala-
dies are floating around us ready to attack wherever
there is a weak point. We may escape many a fatal
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service
Gazette.

Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold in
packets and tins only (4-lb. and Ib.) labelled

JAMES EPPS &C0., Homeopathic Chemists,
London, England. L19-ly

BLOOD Bitters

y= Se
Burdock
Burdock Healing Ointment should be
used in connection with Burdock Blood Bitters for

curing Ulcers, Abscesses, Fevers, Sores, &c.
2scents gn box, T. MILBURN & CO.,
— —+—-— SoLe Acents, ToronTQ

Price
7

[PORTLAND FOUNDRY.
JOSEPH McAFEE,

(Late Axous McArer.)

Warehouse, Main 8t., St. John, N-B,

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS,

NUFACTURER OF

Cooking, Ship, Parlor & Office Stoves

MILL CASTINGS

Ship Windlasses, Capstans, and
Ship Castings of all kinds,

(MADE TO ORDER.)

Power Capstans, Patent Ship Pumps

ly With Copper Chambers. L20

Lead Scuppers Water Closets & all
goods in my line for Ships’ use.

Work done to Order with Quick Despatch.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

FORWARDERS,
Shipping»General Agents
PORT HOPE.

AGRA BEDS,

7S ALC Ee Ast

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights. —

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw and Flour Mill Machinery,

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER,

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS.

ZS" Plans and Specifications on application. eR

The Walkerville Foundry

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 18s1,

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :

One copy, one year, in advance.......+++.+++++. $2 00
One copy, six months, in ACVATICE se iafats cleleisteiertichese

WE would direct the attention of our readers

to the advertisement of Mr. Thomson Smith, the

well known lumberman of Toronto, in another
column, offering several valuable lumbering
properties for sale.

StrepHen C, Hawt intends putting about
25,000,000 feet of logs into Houghton Lake this
season. He will run from eight to ten camps
and has now two in operation, and will open up
others as soon as practicable.

ONE company on the Menominee River,
Mich., owns 500,000,000 feet of pine, estimated
to be worth $1,000,000, The same firm has $45, -
000 invested in teams and general outfit, and
employs from 300 to 500 men.

Tur St. John, N. B., Sun says the prepara-
tions for lumbering are not so extensive as last
year, for, although the prospects for good prices
are fair, the higher prices for provisions will

affect production in some degree.
A

Manoaany for trimming parlour frames is

LINDSAY LUMBER SHIPMENTS.
A correspondent of the Globe says the ship-

ments of sawn lumber from Lindsay to Port

Hope by the Midland this season include 12,-

000,000 running measure trom the mull of Mr.

M. Boyd, Bobcaygeon ; 12,000,000 feet cut by
Mr. R. C. Smith, Fenelon Falls ; and the ship-
ments of Messrs. Green & Ellis. of Fenelon
Falls, when completed will be between three
and four million feet.

fully one-third more than those of last season,
and in square timber about the same.
to low water, moreover, on some of the tributary
waters to the back lakes, a quantity of lumber

that would otherwise have sought this outlet
Large quanti-

has gone via the Georgian Bay.
ties of telegraph poles for the new opposition
line are also being made.

The increase in the lum-
ber shipments by the Midland are estimated at

Owing

Agents have been
through this section buying up all the telegraph
poles obtainable, to supply the demand. In
shingles the output is also far in excess of late
years, and large consignments have been made
by J. P. Davis and W. Bick, Bobcaygeon, and

IMPROVING THE OTTAWA.

A proposition having been submitted to the
Minister of Public Works for damming the
Ottawa on the upper waters with the purpose of
securing a more uniform level at all seasons of
the year, we have enquired concerning the
feasibility of the project and learn from a
lumberman acquainted with the river some
interesting facts. The proposed site of the
dam is below Lake Temiscamingue. This lake
is 70 miles long from its head to the head of the
Long Sault Rapids at its foot. These rapids —
are six miles long and about a quarter of a mile
wide at the head, and about 250 wide at the
foot in low water. The banks here are flat and
sandy on the south side and pretty much the
same on the north bank. It would, therefore,
be difficult to construct a dam at this place and
make it substantial The mountain rapids,
seventeen miles below the Long Sault, are about
300 feet wide. The banks on both sides are
good and high, and the water is not deep. This
would be an advantageous place to construct a
dam with back water to drown out the Long

Advertising Rates: John Thurston, Lindsay. The s ids, si i
Per line, for ONC YEAT......0--erseceurercee eens $0 90 | being used to some extent by eastern manufac- Mog peri i ce asi lumber | Sault. The Arables rapids, situated three miles
Per line, for six MONtHS.....0.sessseeeeereenees 50 | 5 h tt; ‘ fi dsi sent over the Midland to Port Hope goes to| below Mountain rapids, are from 300 to 400
Per line, for three months. ......+.++++++eresee go | Vurers, who are putting out some line goods In| Albany and Oswego. ‘The Western Ontario yards long, the average width being 125 yards,
Per line, for first insertion......... poagapnannenn 10| this style, and the movement meets with con- eat aad : F F 1
Per line, for each subsequent insertion to3mo’s. 05 | «4.4 ante ta ath i market is largely supplied from the lumber for- | with good banks at the head. A properly con-
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch) sideraple popular Lavor LAO EAS warded from the Georgian Bay and its tribu-| structed dam at the Mountain Rapids would

make the river navigable to the head of Lake
Temiscamingue, and a good land road can be
found from there to Mattawa railway station,
say ten miles. The land at the head of the
lake is good for farming and well adapted fox
settlement. It is said that the Minister of
Public Works intends to send two engineers to
examine these points and report on the project
of the,dam. Certainly the experience of the
past season would indicate the necessity of an
improvement of the kind proposed, and we shall
await further investigations with interest.—0Ot-
tawa Free Press.

taries by way of this point. It is brought down
the Midland as far as Lindsay, where it is
transferred to the Whitby, Port Perry and
Lindsay Railway, and thence west by the
Grand Trunk. The amount of freight busi-
ness by this outlet also shows a very large in-
crease during the season, the quantity forwarded
averaging ten car loads a day. The principal
drawback is that the Midland Railway finds it
difficult to obtain cars enough to supply the de-
mand. The leading firms engaged in forward-
ing lumber and lumber stuffs by this route are
the Georgian Bay Lumber Company, who ship
from Waubaushene; the British Canadian
Lumber and Timber Company, from Midland ;
R. Power, from Victoria Harbour; Peter
Christie, from Victoria Bay, and A. Tait, from
Orillia, A large amount in the aggregate is
sent from the smaller mills at way stations.
The prospects for next season are extremely en-
couraging, and it is likely the present year’s ex-
ceptionally large output will be exceeded.
Hardly a day has elapssd since the commence-
ment of work in the bush in the latter part of
August to the present time without a carload of
lumbermen passing north over the Victoria rail-
way to the shanties. Preparations are being
made on all hands for an unusually heavy
winter’s work,

POL ANNUM ... ss secre ees ee seers Jones etn ee ee
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch) ae

for six months :...........+- eeeneeeeeenees
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines per annum 5 00

Cards not occupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo’s 3 00

Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
east three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to ToKER & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not necessarily for publication, but as a
suarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

A CORRESPONDENT at Packenham informs us
that a large number of men have gone to the
Ottawa, and that in all probability the make of
square timber this season will exceed that of
last year by about twenty-five per cent.

Tue Scottish Arboricultural Society are this
year to have their autumnal excursion to the
woods of Tyninghame, Binning Wood, and Biel.
Lord Haddington has invited the members to
luncheon on the occasion of their visit.

Turn Timber Trades Journal says that recent
importations to the Clyde seem to have added
considerably to the stocks at the ports in that
river. Of Quebec deals there is now a stock of
nearly 6,000 standards, being an increase of over
1,000 standards over the stock when the account
was made up at June 80th. Of Quebee spruce
deals there is now a stock amonnting to upwards
of 1,000 standards in the hands of importers and
consumers.

American Furniture Woods in London.

Probably but few even know the locality of
Dod street, Limehouse, much less imagine the
amount of business that is carried on within the
few quiet looking buildings which compose its
thoroughfare. We were recently invited to in-
spect the London depot of Mr. Hermann’s ex-
tensive timber business, and must express our
entire satisfaction at the splendid stock of goods
held by this firm. Mr. Hermann has long been
known as a manufacturer of furniture upon
American principles, and in the recent exhibi
tion at Islington he exhibited some first class
suites in solid ash and black walnut. A vast
array of these specimens is to be found at the
works in Dod street, and the quantity of stored
up timber, to which we would particularly refer
is alone worth a visit to see. It is unnecessary
to estimate the exact number of feet stowed
away in the two buildings, the factory and tim-
ber yard ; suffice it to say that on every floor

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. NOV. 1, 1881.
ue pe Pe a i eS

TO SUBSCRIBERS IN ARREAR.
Those subscribers to the LuMBERMAN who
have been in receipt of the paper since its first
issue, and who have not, as yet, contributed to
its financial support, either have, or will in the
course of a few days, receive accounts for the

amount of their past and coming year’s sub

THE Timber Trades Journal says the carrying
trade will now and for the rest of the season be
chiefly done by steamers, as no sailing vessels
will go out now with any expectation of getting
back again before the winter sets in. Foreign
ships not unfrequently charter out there to load
and lay up, discharging crews and battening
down hatches until the ice breaks up in the
spring, but this kind of business is limited to
cargoes of hewn timber, which do not take any
harm while the frost prevails, and when the

scriptions. EE
The Destroyer of the Spruce Trees,

We should imagine that it is scarcely neces-
sary for us to remind ‘business men,” like
ynost of the subscribers to the LUMBERMAN,
that, although taken separately, these accounts

Maine’s lumbermen—and, therefore, a large
part of the rest of her citizens—are much dis-
turbed by the destructive insects which are kill-
ing the spruce trees not only in that State, but

do not amount to very much, yet, when their
number exceeds a thousand, the aggregate be-
comes avery considerable sum to the publishers ;
and that it is only by the prompt payment of
these little accounts that the LUMBERMAN can
be conducted with that vigor which we are
sure its readers, as well as ourselves, desire.

In view of the early commencement of the
second volume of the LUMBERMAN, it is of
special importance that our subscribers should
send in the amount of their subscriptions with
promptitude, as upon their doing so must de-
pend, to a very great extent, the improvements
which we will feel justified in making during the
ensuing year. In publishing a paper, as well
a in most other things, ‘‘ money ” is the sinews
of war, and sinews can only be supplied to the
JLUMBERMAN by each of its subscribers sending
in promptly their subscriptions,—that is, if
they desire it continued ; if they do not, they
should at least be equally prompt in sending us
what is our due for the past, with a notice to

discontinue.
a
——

Tun wheat exports for India this season are
said to have been larger than those of any re-

cent year,

thaw sets in the vessel soon gets out of port and
completes the voyage.
a

Tur manufacture of thread from wood for
crochet and sewing purposes has, if is said, re-
cently been commenced in the middle of Sweden,
It is wound in balls by machinery, either by
hand or steam, which with the labelling, takes
one minute and twelve seconds, and the balls
are packed up in cardboard boxes, generally ten
in a box. Plenty of orders from all parts of
Sweden have come in, but as the works are not
in proper order there has hardly been time to
complete them all. The production gives fair
promise of success, and it is expected to be very
important for home consumption,

Kindling Wood.

In New York there are 41 different establish-
ments devoted to the kindling wood trade alone.
The largest of these concerns is C. W. Alcott &
Co., who have a capital of $300,000 invested in
their business, and employ in the busy season
from 600 to 700 hands. They cut and prepare
most of their wood in the forests of Virginia,
employing in that department a force of from
500 to G00 men. Last year they handled 25,000
cords of wood. They are interested in seyen
vessels, and charter others in order to keep up
with the demand. Two steam engines of 60
horse power each, drive the machinery that is
used for sawing and splitting,

in the adjacent British Provinces.

e

tree, but the Urocerus albicornus, if the thing

has been properly identified, the Augusta Jour-

nal says, is killing off the spruce faster than the

lumbermen could have done it, and greatly to
their detriment. The white-horned Urocerus,
for that is what his name means, is about an
inch long and with wings which spread to two
inches. They are as likely to destroy the pines
into which they bore as the spruces, so far as
the etomologists know. These insects are very
prolific, and not at all uncommon. In England
it has often been noticed and recorded, but
there it was injurious only to ornamental trees,
not to those on which so much depends in a
business way, and in whose preservation so
many people are interested, as the spruce forests
of the Northeast. The prospect seems to be
that things will go from bad to worse. Unless
some smaller insect comes to the front and
destroys the eggs of the Urocerus, it is hard to
see what is going to save our spruce trees.—
Scientific American.

THE Mississippi River Convention held sit:

tings yesterday at St. Louis and passed a number:
of resolutions in favor of Congress appropriating

large sums for the improyement of the great
natural highway.

The pine
has lost its pre-eminence, and the spruce was
setting in a position to be the representative

and in every corner, piles of oak, walnut, ash,
&c., both in the log and in plank, lie ready for
use, besides a variety of manufactured goods,
such as table and chair legs, which are imported
in this state on account of the saving in freight
which is thereby affected.

Mr. Hermann also carries on the business of
a timber dealer, and is in a position to supply
American woods at very low prices, the main
reason for hjs ability to do so being the fact
that he imports his own woods direct from the
lumber mills. The Dod street depot, we are
informed, is insignificant compared to the large
factories and saw mills of the firm at New York
San Francisco, Philadelphia, Indianapolis, and
other places. Business generally at these works
seemed brisk, and it does not appear that the
talked of scarcity of black walnut is likely to
have any immediate effect here, as there is a
good stock on hand for present use and plenty
more available on the other side of the Atlantic.
—Timber Trades Journal.

**Don't Know Half Their Value.”

They cured me of Ague, Bilousness and Kidney Com-
Ee as recommended. I had halfa bottle left which

used for my two little girls, who the doctors and —
neighbors said could not be cured. I would have lost.
both of them one ent if I had not given them Hi
Bitters. They did them so much I contin
their use until a, were cured. That is why I say
you do not know half the value of Hop Bitters, and do
not recommend them high enough.—B., Rochester, N.
Y.—American Rural Home,

°

ee Ee

OSWEGO, N.Y.

Three uppers.....-eeee+s coc ceeeeeseeee 42 00@45 00
Pickings.......c+e0e8 cereeeeee see pelos 00@35 of
Fine, common .....-++++++ RAB sonbbE ioe ca ere ee
BOMMON. 15k sec cle e vee Siclete ste xtefemrebt wa 4 00@
Gauls... .. << Sipeiainclnlela alec /s\n.e'e(alreinivyal9i rial“ a . 13 00@15 0
Mill run lots...........--+098 Atnhion Spowaifs aera a
Sidings, selected, 1 inch....+.++++++ eeidalae 34 00@

14 inch........ Sea cyilcie Montel) siaisieiinroinie cs 34 00@38 00
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet....eeeerreees 18 00@22 00

selected.....seceeeeee seeeer secesees 23 00@28 00

shippers.....+.-.+s++00+ Hae SpanooDen Lo nar, ne
Strips, 1 and 1} inch mill run....++-++++- 15 eee
Culls, selected...... wd Hide ahs stainlals ae eat 00@3! oe
BAIS ei ale yesainjessizisids ciejaiem albyeiaisiees ahaseunoo 13 00@15 00
ix6 selected for clapboards Rraeeerarene ilaletstat == 2 Pee 0
ee ax. UEP Seg eames 3 00@, 2 26

ex. inch, cedar.....-- weeeee 3 00@ 3 25
ae Be EE se 2 25@ 2 40
neh. eR eer otce cone 1 40@ 1 60
Ee
Matches.

Tn the United States and Canada there are
22, match factories, turning out 25,000 gross—
3,600,000 boxes—of matches every day. The
average is about 100 matches to the box, and
the daily consumption is therefore 360,000,000
matches, a yearly average of 131,580,000,000

matches.

A Wise Deacon.

“Deacon Wildes, 1 want you to tell me how you
kept yourself and family well the past season, when
‘all the rest of us have been sick so much, and have had
the dectors visiting us so often.” Bro. Taylor, the
answer ig very easy, I used Hop Bitters in time ; kept
my family well and saved the doctor bills. Three
dollars worth of it kept us well and able to work all
tthe time, Ill warrant it has cost you and the neigh-
ors one to two hundred dollars apiece to keep sick
the same time.” ‘Deacon, I’ll use your medicine

WANTED

A SITUATION IN A LUMBER FIRM, as Superin-
tendent of Shanties and Drives; has had twenty years’
experience. Good references can be given. Address
R. M. S., 307, Rideau Street, Ottawa. 224

MILL MACHINERY FOR SALE.

A TURBINE WATER WHEEL, 50 inches, Steam
Cylinder, 12 inches, with Steam Chest, Shafting and
other Saw Mill gearing. Address P. O. Box 352,
Barrie, Ont. 4124

Emory’s Bar to Port Moody.
NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS.

Tender for Work in British Columbia.

EALED TENDERS will be received by the under-
signed up te NOON on WEDNESDAY, the 1st
day of FEBRUARY next, in a lump sum, for the
construction of that portion of the road between Port
Moody and the West-end of Contract 60, near Emory’s
Bar, a distance of about 85 miles.

Specifications, conditions of contract and forms of
tender may be obtained on application at the Canadian
Pacific Railway Office, in New Westminister, and at
the Chief Engineer’s Off@ at Ottawa, after Ist Janu-
ary next, at which time plans and profiles will be open
for inspection at the latter office.

This timely notice is given with a view to giving
Contractors an opportunity of visiting and examining
the grounds during the fine season and before the
winter sets in.

Mr. Marcus Smith, who is in charge at the office at
New Westminister, is instructed to give Contractors
all the information in his power.

No tender will be entertained unless on one of the
printed forms, addressed to F. Braun, Esq., Sec. Dept.
4 Railways and Canals, and marked ‘‘Tender for

”

pe F. BRAUN,
Secretary.

725

Dept. of Railways and Canals, i
Ottawa, Oct. 24th, 1881.
12d102

Timber Limits & Sawmill

The subscriber being anxious to concentrate and con-
#lidate his business, on account of his age, will sell at
very low prices—

lst. His Mills and Farm near the Bradford Station,
Northern and North-Western Railway, together with
Limite in Ridout and Sherbourne.

2nd. The Portage and Canal connecting Black River
with Lake St. John, and Lake St. John with Lake
Couchiching, in the Township of Rama.

ord. Fight million feet of eaw-logs now in Black River.

4th. About 4,000 acres of land in different townships.

If not wld at private sale, the above will be offered
to the highest bidder at some future time to be named,
26 1 intend to doseall out and concentrate in Michigan,
where I now have mills.

All and any information can be had from Fats. aa
Smith & Son, Toronto, or James Durham at Bradford

Mills.
WE THOMPSON SMITH,

al

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN. 7

P. PAYETT’S NEW IMPROVED

Adjustable Saw Guide !

Can be adjusted without danger. You can take your
saw off without taking the guide off the frame,

All kinds of Brass & Iron Casting

PLAINING and TURNING done with
Despatch. For particulars address :

CRAIG & CAMERON,

PENETANCUISHENE. u25tf

ROBERT SMALLWOOD

MANUFACTURER OF

The Patent Lever Feed Shingle,
Box Board & Heading Machine

(Always takes First Prize.)

Rotary Saw Mills
IN FOUR SIZES, and other
MACHINERY for SAW and
GRIST MILLS.

$= SEND FOR CIRCULAR. “GX

CHARLOTTETWON,

Prince Edward Island

124-ly

Crown Lands,
TORONTO, 61H OcropEr, 1881.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT, UNDER AN
ORDER IN COUNCIL,

TIMBER BERTHS

In the undermentioned Townships in the

MUSKOKA and PARRY SOUND
DISTRICTS,

Will be offered for Sale by Public Auction at the De-
partment of Crown Lands at twelve o’clock noon,

On TUESDAY, the 6th
day of December next,

viz. :—Townships of Mowat, Blair, McConkey, Hardy,
Patterson, Mills, Sinclair, Bethune, Proudfoot, Gurd,
Machar, Strong, Joly, Laurier, Pringle, Lount, Nipis-
sing and Himsworth.

The area to be disposed of in the above Townships as
Timber Berths is upwards of 1,400 square miles, and to
suit all classes of purchasers each Township will, as
nearly as practicable, be divided into four berths.

Sheets containing conditions and terms of Sale, with
information asto Area and Lots and Concessions com-
prised in each Berth, will be furnished on application
personally or by letter, to the woods and forests branch
of the Department, or to the Crown Timber Offices at
Ottawa, Belleville and Quebec, and the Office of T. E.
Johnston, Esq., Parry Sound.

T. B. PARDEE,

424 CoMMISSIONER

HOP, BITTERS:

(A Medicine, not a Drink,)
CONTAINS
HOPS, BUCHU; MANDRAKE,
DANDELION.

AND THE PUREST AND BEST MEDICAL QUALI-
‘TIES OF ALL OTHER BITTERS.

THEY CURE

All Diseases of the Stomach, Bowels, Blood, :
Liver, Kidneys, and Urinary Organs, Ner-

ousness, Sleeplessnessand especially
Female Complaints.

$:,000 IN COLD.

Will be paid for a case they will not cure or ;
help, or for anything impure or injurious
found in them,
Ask your druggist for Hop Bitters and try
them before you sleep. Take no Other.§

D.I. C. is an absolute and irresistible cure for A
Drunkeness, use of opium, tobacco and
narcotics.
SEND FoR CIRCULAR.

All above sold by i Sak
Hop Bitters Mfg. Co,, Rochester, N. Y., & Toronto, Ont.

Provost Street Extension, New Glasgow, Pictou County, N. 5.

SPUCE, PINE? HEMLOCK SHINGLES

Sop Soy a mw 87a a 2h 1L22-ly nN. =. DRATZ.

D. McLACHLAN & SONS,

Manufacturers of all Descriptions of

STHAM BOLLE RS.

SHIPS’ WATER-TANKS.

NORTH SLIP, ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

Repairing Punctually Attended to.

ly-120

WILLIAM CAMPBELL

(Late CAMPBELL & FOWLER.)
MANUFACTURER OF

Hdge Tools, Axles, Spring's,

&C., OF BVERY DESCRIPTION.

124-ly

Robertson Place, Smythe Street ST. JOHN, N.B.

MILT SUPPLIES.

Extra Stretched and Patent Smooth Surface

RUBBER BELTING—in Stock, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Plies,
HOYT’S CELEBRATED LEATHER BELTING.
COTTON BELTING, for Flour 1 Mills, &c., Superior Quality.

DISSTON’S CELEBRATED MILL SAWS.

Steam Packing of all kinds, Rubber and Linen Hose, Silk Bolting Cloth, Emery
Wheels, Lacing Leather (Page’s Genuine), Lard, Seal, Cylinder, Spindle, West Vir-
ginia and Wool Oils. Our Stock includes Mill Supplies and Rubber Goods of all

kinds. @®& Quotations furnished for any part of Canada. 21

ESTEY, ALLWOOD & CO., SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

PARKHR& HVANS

SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE

FAMOUS INTERNATIONAL

BOILER FLUID COMPOUND.

Patented 5th March, 1877.

This Compound will save its Cost many times in one year by saving fuel.

It eradicates scale, and when the Boiler is once Clean a very small quantity
keeps it Clean and Free from all Incrustation.

It is perfectly harmless to Iron, and emits a clear pure Steam.

In ordering, mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN. L24ly

504 St. Paul Street, MONTREAL.

HSTABLISHED 182

GEORGE BRUSH.
14 to 34 King and Queen Streets, MONTREAL,

MAKER OF

Steam Engines, Steam Boilers, Hoisting Engines, Steam Pumps,

CIRCULAR SAW MILLS, BARK MILLS, SHINGLE MILLS,

Ore Crushers, Mill Gearing, Shafting, Hangers and Pullies, Haid and
Power Hoists for Warehouses, &ec., &e.,
AND AGENT FOR L25-ly

“Water's” Perfect Steam Engine Governor, and ‘Herald & Sisco's’’ Centrifugal Pumps

‘

8

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

OTTAWA.

The following communication appears in the

Ottawa Herald :—

Improvements must keep pace with the ad-
vance of civilization and the requirements of the
The extensive commerce and trade of
the 19th century, impelled by the most ambitious
and insatiable enterprise, is not content with
supplying actual wants, but ingeniously creates
new branches of trade which in turn call for
accommodation, and thus the ball keeps rolling,
changing everything into gold, or the Almighty
There was a time, before the discovery
of the use of steam, when the world’s business

times.

Dollar.

was transacted with satisfactory despatch,

though there were no steamboats or locomotives
going in a few days against wind and weather
But the days when
“‘pampered jades” and mules could do the

across the continent.

carrying trade of the world arejlong since past,
and the people of this exceedingly ‘‘ go ahead ;

age would die of actual stagnation were they

deprived of their railroads and canals.

Not a great many years ago the Grand River
in its natural™state, without the smallest im-
provement, accommodated all the trade of the
Ottawa Valley, but then the trade of this sec-

tion of the country was comparatively nothing.
Bytown then covered a few acres of ground,

and no person ever dreamed that the capital of
a great Dominion would be built on the banks
of the Grand River, or that to-day we would
behold the Government Buildings towering over
But civilization
spread out its wings, and the lumberman’s axe

the brow of Parliament Hill.

went further up the river each succeeding year,

and great slaughter was accomplished among
the ‘‘kings of the forest.” The Chaudiere with the
Big Kettle, in early years the terror of the
lumber merchant, afforded admirable milling
advantages, and accordingly as soon as its
obtained
water privileges, and erected mills which went
These mills increased

merits were recognized capitalists

up in quick succession.
the demand for timber and gave an additional
impetus to the great staple trade of the Ottawa,
But the trade could not assume such vast pro-
portions and be carried on lucratively without

improvements along the river affording greater

facilities to the lamberman. Therefore, slides,
booms and other necessary improvements were
undertaken and completed, and up to within

afew years back timber was floated from the

Upper Ottawa to Quebec without much difficul-
ty. But now that timber is being taken from
near the head waters of the Ottawa, and from
afar in on the tributaries, it is found very diffi-
cult to get timber to Quebec in the same year it
is cut ; and much extra expense has annually to
be incurred by individual firms in making tem-
porary improvements to facilitate the getting
out of timber ; and when it is a task of much
difficulty at this comparatively early day to
take timber to Quebec the same year it is cut,
what will be the condition of things some years
hence, when the forests along the banks of
the Ottawa are completely exhausted, and tim-
ber is being taken out forty, fifty or more miles
back on the tributaries? Without some im-
provements of the Ottawa River, it would be
utterly impossible to get timber to market in
less than two years, and henceit becomes vitally
necessary to the existence of the umber trade
that a plan to regulate the waters of the Ottawa
should be decided upon and put into execution
at as early a day as possible. We shall throw
out a few ideas bearing upon the matter, and if
the scheme, which we shall briefly state, be
considered worthy of consideration, then the
approbation of the lumbering fraternity, whose
interests and welfare we are ever solicitous to
promote, will be our greatest reward.

It is an acknowledged fact, we presume, that
year after year the immense volume of water of
the Ottawa appears to flow down into the St,
Lawrence in gradually decreasing space of time,
the result being that great inconvenience is
caused to all kinds of trade, and incalculable
pecuniary lossincurred. In the spring of the
year the great volume of the water sweeps
down, doing much immediate damage, while it
leaves the tributaries and streams far up almost
dry. Then, since the spring freshet destroys
much property, and produces great incon-
venience in the getting out of timber, while it is

REGULATIONS OF THE WATERS OF THE

out an immense reservoir to hold the water.

continent of America.

tion,

30 in length.

unbroken and undisturbed by rapid or fall.

We would propose building a dam about 30
The banks on
either side are lofty and afford admirable facili-
ties for the construction of a dam which would
not be over 2,000 feet in length, and would keep
back an enormous volume of water, which at
present goes to waste every spring, leaving tim-
ber high and dry in the streams, and mills defi-

feet high at the Long Sault.

cient of water power before the season is three-
quarters over.

water could be regulated.

for more water.
the keeping of water back for a ‘dry day.

Lumbermen have had a system in vogue for a
number of years of damming the streamsrunning
through their limits, until the water became

low and driving difficult, when breaking down

the dams, a splendid torrent comes dashing

along, floating their timber out into the river.
The damming of Lake Temiscamingue is identi-
cally the same as this, on a larger scale, and
with infinitely greater results. No danger or

damage can eminate from it, and not an inch of

country will suffer inundation, high rocky banks
rising on every side.

We consider this a subject of vast importance
to Ottawa and the Ottawa Valley, and one
which cannot be ignored. Some such improve
ment as that which we have briefly referred to
must be made ere long, and the sooner the
better. We will say no more at present, but
will probably refer to the subject again if our
suggestions prove worthy of being entertained,

PENETANGUISHENE.

A correspondent of the Mail says :—Last
week I had occasion to visit .Penetanguishene,
and there saw C. Beck & Co.’s new mill in
operation, and this, for its size and capacity, is,
in my mind, the best mill in that section of the
country, and I am inclined to think in the Do-
minion, though that may be saying too much.

This mill consists of one gang and one circular,
and the latter is deserving of special mention for
the quickness of its movement, and its capability
of cutting more lumber in a given time than any
circular I have yet seen or heard of.

Tt does the slabbing for the gang, and cuts as
much as ordinary circulars besides ; and it is
quite capable of slabbing for two gangs, to-
gether with what it at present cuts. Its regular
work is from twelve to thirteen boards per
minute, and if crowded could drop fifteen to
sixteen per minute, which gives one some idea
of its rapid movements, both saws turning out
from sixty to seventy thousand feet of timber in
a working day of eleven hours.

As is well known, Mx, Beck’s old mill was
destroyed by fire, he haying suffered a heavy
loss, but with his undaunted energy and go-
aheaditiveness he has succeeded in raising up a
mill on the ashes of his old one that is both a
credit to himself and the village. And this,
with three other mills, ranks Penetanguishene
as one of the lumbering centres of the Proyince,
and is deserving of mention as such, ‘

of no imaginable benefit, should not the first
consideration in attempting to regulate the
waters of the Ottawa be to adopt some means of
keeping back as much of the spring freshet as
possible? This could be accomplished by dam-
ming, and dams would be of very little use with-

Rapids or falls would render this system almost
impracticable so far as utility is concerned, and
therefore an immense level is essentially neces-
sary, and if we are correctly informed, Lake
Temiscamingue is the grandest reservoir on the
Gentlemen who have
paddled their canoes over its immense level ex-
panse and beheld the high timber-topped hills
on every side will corroborate the above asser-
The lake is about 80 miles in length,
stretching from the strait or gut at the head of
the Long Sault, and becoming wider and wider,
until what may be called the lake proper is
reached, which is over eight miles in width and
From the Long Sault to the
head of the Lake is one level expanse of water

Of course the dam would be
fitted with sluice gates, by which the flow of
During the early
part of the spring the water is always high
enough for navigation, water power or any other
purpose, but in the summer and fall the univer-
sal cry from Grenville to the head of the river is
Thus it is that we advocate

SHANTY SERVICES.

district. He says :—

“Previous to the last May meeting of the
Bracebridge district, one of its members accom-
panied a lumber merchant, who is thoroughly
familiar with the Muskoka region, in an imagin-
ary tour over that section of the country com-
prehended inthe the Bracebridge district,.and
discovered that, allowing twenty men for each
camp, there would be close on three thousand
men within that section, engaged in lumbering,
who, for more than half their time very rarely,
if ever, hear the word of God preached, and
In the camps little
or no reading is to be found, Here is a good
operations,
The little time that is left between supper
and bed, which is the only time for recrea-

this by no fault of theirs.

field for the Tract Society’s

tion, is passed in singing songs of
a doubtful, or decidedly profane char-
acter, playing cards, smoking—in any way but

that which tends to profiting.

worse, spending their money in strong drink,

engaging in fights, and making an offensive

babel about the ears of peaceful inhabitants.

Of course there are many happy exceptions to
this among the lumbermen, but the majority
fall into this evil way. Mr. Wesley’s merciful
rule was to go first to those who need us most. If
we are willing to act on this we will, without
further unnecessary delay, put forth some dir-
ect effort to reach and bless the poor ‘‘ shanty-
men.” Asaclass they are free and generous,
The ‘‘ boss”
of a shanty has in ninety-nine cases out of a
hundred a hearty welcome for any man who
calls to conduct a religious service for the bene-
fit of the camp ; and invariably the rough, good-
natured men themselves show marks of respect

open-hearted and open-handed.

for the messenger of the truth.”

A Trip Up the Lievre.

A correspondent of the Ottawa Citizen, des-
cribing a trip up the Lievre, says :—The object
of our trip up the Lievre was to define the
boundaries of about 234 square miles of timber
land, and to ascertain the quantity of timber

these square miles would give and the quality
of the wood. I must at once assure you that
this is a country unparalleled for lakes, moun-
tains, rivers, hills and creeks, and all to be
driven and surmounted, and the timber close to
the lakes, rivers and creeks, and the pine and
spruce trees, sound and free from punk, gum
seams, knots, etc.
small percentage faulty.
the River du Lievre, starting from the Piska-

toshing, a tributary of the Gatineau, down to

the Rouge for a distance of 50 miles in the rear,
is licensed to the heirs of the late J. F. Gaudet,
and I can safely say that from the explorer’s

own personal inspection and report is worthy of

attention, and only from sterling lumbermen,
who only make a practice of working limits,
and not from hearsay, giving a country un-
known to themselves (a barren brule), but from
practical experience of its real worth.

The whole of this country for 50 miles back

of the Forks is well timbered, and about 600,000

pine and spruce logs can be made without much
expense, ‘

The Mississippi ** Boom.”

Krokuk, Ia., Oct. 18.—The Mississippi con-
tinues to rise. At 10a. m. the water was two
inches above the great rise last spring, which
caused immense damage in this vicinity. At
Alexandria, five miles below, the water is back-
ing up over the prairie. The prospects are
that the town will be inundated. Railroad
shops and lumber yards in the southern part of
the city are completely surrounded and opera-
tions suspended. It is feared that the river will
rise at least another foot and very disastrous
floods result.

Are You Going to Travel?

Don’t forget a eure of that Dr. Fowler's Extract of
Wild Strawberry. It isa superior remedy for sea sick-
ness, and a positive cure for all bowel complaints in-
duced by bad water, change of diet, or of climate.
Whether at home or abroad, it should be kept at hand
in case of emergency, |

A Bracebridge correspondent of the Christian
Guardian appeals to the Toronto Conference to
establish missions in the Muskoka lumbering

When these
men visit for a day or two the adjacent villages
they act like sailors come ashore, and even

Of course you will find a
The whole front of

Prof. Maeoun in the North-West.
WIyniPec, Oct. 8.—Professor Macoun and

section of the North-West around the Porcupine
Hills and Duck Mountains, In the latter
direction there were found fine streams. The
Swan and Red Deer Rivers were carefully ex-
plored. The result was satisfactory, and salt
was found at many points on the land around
Lake Winnepegoosis, A member of the party
reports fine spruce and poplar timber on the
mountains, as well as on the banks of the Swan
and Red Deer Rivers. Poplar as well as spruce
trees have been seen that measured about fifteen
inches in circumference, and the former has been
found to have an altitude in some places of
seventy-five feet. Game is abundant, particular-
ly duck, and they look upon it as a paradise for
sportsmen. They spent some time at the Pelly
Indian Reserve farm, where fine crops were
raised this year. The land in this vicinity is
pronounced the finest in the North-West. The
crops of all kinds, cereals and root, are not ex-
celled in any part of the country. The land is
described as undulating prairie, with exceeding-
ly fertile soil, easy of drainage into the Assini-
boine and its tributary, the Still River.

Wood for Fuel.

The United States Bureau has been gather-
ing some facts upon the consumption of wood
for fuel. After taking the figures in the last
report for the coal output, the superintendent
says :—‘‘ Even with the large increase in the
coal production during the last half century
wood still keeps in the vanas fuel, the consump-
tion in this country being in favor of wood
against coal in the proportion of four to one.
In Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont wood
is almost the only fuel. In many counties of
Massachusetts coal is ahead of wood, while in
the state generally, as Connecticut, the percen-
tage is about equal, Thickly populated cities,
like New York and Hudson and Essex counties
New Jersey, containing the cities of Jersey City
and Newark, are put down entirely as coal. In
Pennsylvania, the great coal state, there are
many entirely coal counties, while in others, as
Crawford, in the western part of the state, not
over thrre per cent of coal is used. The same
difference holds good in different parts of New
York.”

Spontaneous Forests.

A writer in a West Virginia paper combats
the opinion, held by many arboriculturists, that
an open county is never converted into a forest,
through the operation of natural causes, and as
establishing the fact that such change does
sometimes occur, brings forward the case of
the Shenandoah Valley. When first settled,
about 160 years ago, it was an open prairie-like
region covered with long grass, on which fed
herds of deer, buffalo, elk, etc., and having no
timber, except on rigy portions of it; but in
consequence of its settlement, the annual fires
were prevented, and trees sprang up almost as
thickly and regularly as if seed had been plant-
ed. These forests, having been preserved by
the farmers, cover now a large part of the sur-
face with hard wood trees of superior excel-
lence. These facts would also seem to substan-
tiate the theory that the treeless character of
the prairies of the West is due to the annual
burning of the grass by the Indians.

THE Ogemaw Herald says the firm of Cutting
& Daman, who havea mill in Foster township,
six miles from Beaver Lake, are cutting from
25,000 to 30,000 ‘shingles, and from 8,000 to
10,000 feet of siding perday. They contemplate
putting in an upright saw to cut lumber, and
will put in 1,500,000 feet of hemlock logs, for
this purpose, the coming winter. They will
employ 50 men, and put in, besitles the hemlock,
1,500,000 feet of pine to be worked up in
shingles and siding. Their mill will be in oper-
ation the year around.

Nature Makes ne Mistakes.

Nature's own remedy for bowel com:

morbus, cholic, cram

infantum, diarrhm@a,
nature

%

Chips.

MississippI River lumbermen, while in Eau
Claire, Wis., recently, for the purpose of con-
tracting for logs, offered from $6.50 to $7.00 a
thousand for them.

_ Av a recent date the stock of American lum-
ber at Melbourne was quite low, especially of
ceiling, shelving, and clear pine, the latter being
lower than for many years past.

THE use of sawdust in mortar is recommended
as superior to hair for the prevention of cracking
and subsegent peeling off a rough casting under
_ the action of storms and frost.

THE assorting crews at the Dells dam, Eau
_ Claire, are at work again and turning out a con-
stant stream of logs, which go into the Beef
slough works. The amount rafted at the works
to date will reach 355,000,000 feet.

_ THE Chicago & Western Indiana railway is
9 expending $500,000 in building lumber docks at
— Chicago, and the demand, it is said, far

exceeds the proposed supply, which represents
19,000 feet of dock frontage.

THE grounds of the C. N. Nelson Lumber
~Co.’s mill at Cloquet are so conveniently arrang-
ed with elevated platforms, &c., that the entire
product of the mills, over 200,000 feet per day,
is handled with two horses, on lumber buggies.

Mr. Forseman, of Williamsport, Pa.,-has
lately closed a trade with a syndicate of Still-
= lumbermen, for a tract of land containing

he ty tr SE

from sixty to seventy million feet stumpage, on
Moose River, at five dollars per thousand, boom
: scale,
_ A GERMAN paper says that if Americans are
to supply Europe with tanned leather they must
_ be more sparing of the hemlock in their forests.
_ The rapid consumption of American timber is
_ attracting much attention among European
_ economists. “I
_ Tue Lake Superior News says the lumbermen
_ are busy fitting out their camps for the winter
campaign on the logs. One firm alone is expect-
Bing to put in 25,000,000 feet of logs, another
firm 16,000,000, and soon. The cut this winter
_ will be about double that of last season.

Tue Stillwater Lumherman says :—The season

_ having arrived for men to go to the woods, we
_ call the attention of our citizens to the need of
_ Saving their newspapers for them. Over 1,700
were forwarded from-the Y. M. C. A. rooms
last winter, and a greater number can be sent
‘this seasou if people will assist to the extent of

ving their papers there.

. LUMBERMEN occasionally ‘“‘ketch on” to a
_ goodthing. Henry Smith, a Greenville lumber-
_ tnan, recently secured the refusal of a tract of
‘pine between Stanton and Lakeview for one
week, the price agreed upon being $17,000. Be-
fore the week was up he was offered $5,000 for
is bargain, but refused it. He has since con-
_ tracted the logs on the tract, to be delivered in
‘Six Lakes, at the head of Flat River, for 310
per thousand.

THE new pulp mill at Marinette, Wis., is
described as a whole saw mill in itself, having a
ge five-foot bolter, endless chain and log{ear-
Tiage, and will be able to saw up logs three feet
thick and twenty feet long. Machines for tak-
ing the bark off and splitting the wood will be
“near the bolter, and the wood will be carried by
_ Machinery directly to the grinders in the other
end of the mil]. The paper company has crews
the woods now getting out logs, and numer-
us logs are already in the boom.

Ata recent meeting of the Natural History
of Goslar, a paper was read by Herr
Forester Reuss on the effects of the
smoke from the smeltings in that neighborhood
(which are very extensive, giving employment
0 17,000 men) on the adjacent forests in the
Upper Harz. The sulphurous fumes, which are
ischarged in enormous volumes, are the noxious
] Herr Reuss finds that conifers suffer
lore than other trees, and the silver fir most of
L The oak resists the evil influence best. The
lane and ash also resist well. The beech, on
he contrary, is very sensitive. The more vigor-
@ the specimen in each species the greater
ir powers of endurance,

Bocie

Chie

men

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

LUMBER SHIPMENTS. Tue fall price lists of furniture manufacturers

The following are the shipments from St. of Chicago, Grand Rapids, Cincinnati, and gen-
John, N.B., from the first of the year to the erally throughout Michigan and the northwest,
’ Ld oh

30th of September, and their destination :— show an advance of from 10 to 20 per cent. The
’ rise applies particularly to chairs, but extents to

With Steel Head, cither Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

Deals Boards on)
and and Pal. & £ | all kinds of staple goods.
battens. scant’g. ings. ~ , cee — eos G E O R G E ST ETH EM,
Penarth...... . 18,657,945 519,296 8,150 -+| Sex ro 17?—Zopesa, (from Brazil) will cure the worst r PETERLOLOUGH, L16
(Opiate aonarnde 2,795,661 ve Ap case of Dyspepsia. A ee “pie will relieve in . de-
i ree that shows its wonderful curative powers, and its
2 lee aaa Sa aaa a O80 Beeline action upon the Stomach and Digestive Organs. J G H | ‘)y \ \ ] A RDS
Newport....... 4,220,609 85,668 It isa positive and absolute cure for Costiveness and | ° °
Swansea....... » 1,135,430 1,678 Constipation, acting in a separreble way pyen ie "
tem, carrying off impurities. s a Liver regulator its | or Tr
Bieta sen pe” featae Bet eee actions pif rat peaceable: It ones pat gees riod | HARDWARE MERCHANT,
ridgewater.... , i the Liver to action, it corrects the acids and regulates
Neath shut. sacs 230,660 ae ot «+» «+ | the bowels. A few doses will surprise you. Sample arg di INT D S w-+% 2a =
Continent...... 16,944,998 171,113 5,000 bottle 10 cts. igs, yt a —
Glasgow........ 6,974,710 294,160 5A July.
Queenstown.... 1,232,549 37,674 400 .. ..]| During this ee aoe COREISEES eee a repped pe sty IT + ETAL,
their ravages. To be forewarned is to be forearmed. : 417
et ees Se END OE UE I) 2) i Dr. Fowler’s Extract of Wild Strawberry is the best ly ’ , an Li
London...... +. 7,998,546 450,205 Bim han ** | preventative and cure for all forms of bowel complaints
Belfast......... 5,578,064 St ns -+ | and sickness incident to the summer season. LU M PB 3 R | N G S U p a L| FS
Dundalk........ 1,584,694 62 6)= a Ea .
Limerick....... 2,420,091
Londonderry.,. 3,952,918 IDE Ss. BRIGGS, VW WN ais Hi D
Fleetwood...... 436,508 te Se gis an 0 A i
Waterford...... 866,682 od Pains biois 4 9 TORONTO § TREET, TORONTO.
SUOroAbsocde . 405,793 on AB eon no WHOLESALE DEALER IN : A i
Wexford....... 337,882 - on on 9 Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood Cherry, White Ash, Bilaek Ash, and
NOWIEY. 6.0. cn. 1,721,570 1,167 Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c. 1 pae .
Drogheda... 77,119. i aaa a gaa Dry White Pine Lumber.
Clonakilty..... 319,604 sp e0| BILL STUFF CUT T Zia New ail
Carnarvon...... 336,891 279 ¥ 2 wate
1U G
oie Gaia 8,217,002 69,465 J. K. POST & CO Quote Price delivered, and Carefully
Ballyshannon... 118,195 2,089 ° ° 7 - ; ¥
Portrush....... 847,201 fe : Describe :—Quality, Widths, Length,
Dublin......... 7,641,282 20,488 LUMNIBER MERCHANTS |—
Westport... .. 633,204 ae Thickness, and how long Sawed.
Bantry..<e. .:.. 426,662 And Shipping gents,
Galway 546,795 es i ROBERT C. LOWRY,
Australia... .. 1,205,804 82,607 55,620 WT al :
Africa.....:..5.+ 1,009,331 114,324 Os HGO, WN- L12-ly BEOieas Lumber,
Mumbles,f.0.. 702,513 (11,977_—Si«*. 12119 55 Pine Street, New York.
Warrenpoint... 1,078,647 8,000 MES H ADDEN
orgie Hae » 415,115 ot ILN, S W
SE cocoeres QUE MANUFACTURER OF AM U E hs | N DR | M,
Clifden........ 226,085 : : MANUFACTURER OF
Dungarvan ... 422650. Shingles and Dressed Stuff), .
Faversham...., 689,983 1,088 a ae Agricuitural Implements, Etc
Wicklow....... 341,540 oH ;
Pigmoainh...... pegseies Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont. MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.
Clare Castle.... 315,624 Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler. b26 HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF
Hare Island 567,739 AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
en tees es of intending ee of Reaping Machines, that I
oughal ..... . i bo ave now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated
Barrow... .... 1,002,127 11,544 S.S.MUTTON & Co.,

Totals..... 154,485,369 4,899,184 234,965 806 3,609

DAMAGE BY BUSH FIRES.

Toronto, Oct. 10.—On the 29th ult., Mr.
Smith, Superintendent of colonization roads for
Ontario Government, was sent out in response
to numerous and urgent requests from the town-
ship authorities to inspect the colonization roads
and see what damage had resulted to them
from the recent bush fires with a view of repair-
ing them. Mr. Smith, who returned on Satur-
day, says that he went through the greater part
of the Haliburton district in the ceunty of
Peterborough. On the Kinmount and Bobeay-
geon roads he found that considerable damage
had been done; also on the Victoria, Miners’
Bay, Monk, and Burleigh roads. Cameron,
Snowdon, Monmouth, Minden, and Haliburton
roads were not injured to any extent. The
settlers have suffered very much from the des-
truction of their fences. Before leaving he had
arranged for such repairs to the colonization
roads as were absolutely necessary, but none

others.
MUSKOKA DISTRICT,

The Superintendent also visited the Muskoka
district just previous to this. Here he found
that Macauley road and Macauley road south
were much damaged. One settler had suffered
a loss of $1,500, but no other instance, he beliey-
ed, presented a case of utter destitution. The
burnt districts in Muskoka were almost entirely
confined to Macaulay township. In Muskoka
also great damage to fences had resulted. The
fires, however, were, he thought, confined for
the most part to sparselysettled districts.

‘*MusrT say it’s the nicest thing I ever used for the
teeth and breath,” says everyone having tried ‘Tea-
berry,” the new toilet gem. Geta 5 cent sample.
79

Are You 7—Are you a Dyspeptic? Have you Indi-
gestion? Is your Liver sluggish? Does your food
trouble you? Does sleep fail to refresh you? Is your
appetite and energy gone? Zopesa (from Brazil) will
cure you, tone you up, and invigorate your whole sys-
tem. Itisa gentle purgative, acts as a wonder upon,
and gives strength and energy to the Digestive appar-

atus. It is strongly anti-bilious, carries off all surplus

bile, tones the Liver, gives sound Digestion and speedy

health to the Dyspeptic and the Billious, Try a 10 cent

sample at least.

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. L1itf

WISDOM & FISH

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

Rubber = Leather Belting

RUBBER HOS, STEAM PACKING,
LUBRICATING GILS, COTTON WASTE

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

fz7P.S.—A SET OF TUB MACHINERY FOR SALE,
CHEAP—OR EXCHANGE FOR LUMBER. lytl16

A. L, UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT. |
FOR SALE.

The Dexter & Whitwam Manufacturing
Company, offer for Sale the Entire

Real Estate Plant and Machinery

OF THEIR EXTENSIVE

BENDING & TURNING FACTORY

Situated in the City of St. Thomas, in the County of
Elgin, Ontario. For full particulars apply to H.
BROWN, Manager, or E, MOORE, President. L20tf

And all Articles used in the Application of Steam
to Machinery.

No. 41 Dock Street, St. John, N. B.
(SMALL'S BLOCK.)

N.B.—Estimates for Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus furnished on application. All work War-
ranted. ly-120

LEATHER
ELT

Lumber and Commission Agent.

FOR SALE.

150 Mlls. White Pine, 1 x 10 Stock.
0 Seay

MANUFACTURERS OF

LEATHER BELTING,

cee" un? —— |PIRE ENGINE HOSE
140 do linch Siding.

Be ES sles, LACE LEATHER, &c.
ip Bacon; ay neh * 124 & 126 Queen St. 125-ly

APPLY AT THE OFFICE, 120
WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA,

MON TR HAT

Fin:

——

10

Atlavhet Aeports.

MONTREAL,
From Our Own Correspondent.

OcropeER 24th.—Since the date of our last re-
port the lumber trade has been quiet, but as the
water at Ottawa has risen very considerably
there have been more importations, and stocks
are now pretty full, which has helped to prevent
an advance in prices. In,another fortnight the
season for receiving lumber by water will be over
for this year, when some change in quotations
is looked for. There has been very little demand
for building lumber of late, as builders are be-
ginning to close operations for the time being,
and what is required for the winter for complet-
ing buildings has been contracted for some time
ago. Only three cargoes of lumber have been
shipped since the 10th inst., viz., to London,
590,000 ft., and to Buenos Ayres, 794,714 ft.
Two vessels are now loading for South American
ports. The total shipments to the River Platte
since the opening of navigation up to date were
9,182,337 ft., against 7,359,174 ft., being an in-
crease of 1,923,163 ft. or building lumber, ex
yard, we continue to quote :—

Pine, 1st quality, 2 uM bionodrdade -coodnun 6 $32 00@40 00
Pine, ond 86s aR UN rateismcaintstainelaeistvis aisle 18 00@24 00
Pine, shipping Bitte ‘ 1 apkcacs « CREE MRR pe 12 00@15 00
Pines Cull Meals; ian WU rte ns) avelstelolsloyelels ete 8 00@10 00
Pine; mill culls SAM flea vacvioie ersisiniaierctess 5 00@ 6 50

Spruce, #M.......... 8 00@10 00
Hemlock, @' M.i cece cure ... 8 00@10 00
Ash, run ‘of long culls out, By ... 16 00@18 00
Bass, ... 14 00@16 00
Oak saa? MEN itactntieiniencsretesss . 85 00@45 00
BITCH MAP Airs iel sole nieiniseteiatate « 17 00@20 00
Hard Maple, afl M.). :siesiee ces coisa silee seis 18 00@25 00
Ma thyeep Me teceseieisieleniesleetteeein «cine 1 25@ 1 36
Shingles; sh tiQiMt eisai soeistonsicc mee 3 00@ 0 00
DING Less AncaqenMnsiaretsslelalaleie letters eielsyntete 2 00@ 0 00

Corpwoop.—As the season advances the de-
mand for cordwood increases, while stocks are
by no means heavy, and an advance on present
qnotations is spoken about, and will likely take
place as soon as navigation closes. We quote
prices on the wharf, ex cartage:—Long maple,
$7.00 ; short do., $6.50 ; long birch, $6.50 ; short
do., $6.00 ; long beech, $6.00 ; short do., $5.50 ;
tamarac, $4.50,

a
TORONTO.
From Our Own Correspondent,

OcroBErR 24th.—Our docks now show con-
clusive signs that lumber shipments for the
season of 1881 are rapidly drawing to a close,
and there is but little lumber left on the dock at
the present time, so that vessels have now to
wait for cargoes, instead of the lumber having
to wait for the vessels ; and the fact that several
American buyers are now over here looking for
cargoes, and anxious for all they can procure
before the close of navigation, tends to prove
that there is at least no overstock of lumber at
the eastern lumber marts. There is an excellent
demand for stock boards for shipment, and at
rates in advance of that obtainable two weeks
ago, and there is no doubt that the eastern
market holds less sound dressing stocks on hand
at this date than at any corresponding date for
the last three years ; this, coupled with the fact
that stocks for shipment on this side are nearly
exhausted, would seem to warrant the present,
if not a further, advance in prices. Lath in
this market are scarcer than at any period dur-
ing this season, and will doubtless advance in
price, as frost, if severe, practically prevents
the manufacture of lath to any great extent,
and there will be a great many yet required in
this market, as well as other places, in order to
finish up this season’s building operations,
Shingles are in fair demand, but quite sufficient
are being manufactured to meet that demand,
and in this connection I notice that manufac-
turers are not so particular as formerly in pro-
perly assorting their shingles, quite a quantity of
No. 2 being mixed with the XXX, this will tell
against them in the future, and manufacturers
will ultimately find it to their interest to see to
it, that their brands are just as represented.
Their laxity in this respect is no doubt attribut-
able to the scarcity existing during a part of the
past season, so that purchasers did not stop to
examine so closely as formerly as to quality,
The local market is now fairly supplied with
most kinds of lumber, and nearly all the yards
during the past two weeks have increased their
stocks considerably, more especially in boards
bill stuff being still scarce, and dry joisting a

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

thing of the past. Good, dry 2 in. ash is ex-
ceedingly scarce, and good pricesmay be obtain-
ed for choice lots. The sales of mill cull scant-
ling and boards in this market during the
season has been large, and in consequence ot the
shipments to the American markets having been
brisk, culls have been plentiful, and so much
speculative building having been going on, has
absorbed it all quite readily, the main object of
such builders being to run up houses as cheaply
as possible, and get them off their hands at the
earliest opportunity.
QUOTATIONS, CAR LOADS.

Mill cull boards and scantling................+- $ 7 00
Shipping cull boars, promiscuous widths....... : oF
OCKEB'» ois(u's\sloinin\elu'y eie/a\cleletsia)alsiels sists 0
Scantling aaa joist, MILO Ottis aistaiorarsis oaeletsteteite 10 00
L ASAE; siplsisccteatale dsteinetelate 10 50
CA Ef $6 ZOMG A sielolelsists aleve aistt sisi 11 00
oF af oe DOTiieteals's se eee ceceree 11 50
fi id ae PEO Upppoociooree: amen 12 00
ss Ly LJ 26 ft....

Scantling and joist, up to 28 ft.
“ee Lad be
iti “ee oe fi,
“ Lay “ce
“e “oe “ee
“e “ce ae

Ui sé A0'tO.44 265.6 c\en erases 27 00

Cutting MP PIANKS COME VY arels slelehnieitsieisiairislewiaa ate 16 00

DOAYAS)-PAOTN Tare a sie crotdise elbimistaleletsiatists = 14 00

Sound dressing stockS.........ss++++..+5 14 00@16 00

Picks Am. inspection...... sees eeeee 24 00@26 00

Three uppers, Am. inspection..........- 32 00@34 00
B, M.

cf inch flooring, AYressed... scccsecsccrsese vores

14 rough..
ds f Gs dressed .
1B) U3 es undressed
E 43 wo dressed .

y es undressed.

i Beaded Sheeting, dressed.

Clapboarding, dressed ..... °
XXX sawn shingles, PM........0. ssscecseeeee

KK SAWN ISHID GIES: jie sissies ce eicieis sisislbleleemers 2 50@2 80

EMT Wath ersiieieraistele atidasvie Sieleivielaiiseisietiere 1 25@1 60

OTTAWA,
From Our Own Correspondent.

OorToBER 12,—It is estimated that the cut of
lumber this season at the mills of the Chaudiere,
Hull, and New Edinburgh will not be equal to
that of last year by between forty and fifty
million feet, so that the surplus stock, above
what was contracted for in the spring by out-
siders, will be extremely limited, taking it all
in all and none of the mills in this locality have
been running much more than half time during
the season now drawing to a close, owing to the
to the lack of logs. There were plenty taken
out last winter, but the rapid falling of the
rivers, and unusually low water this fall, pre-
vented them being brought down to their desti-
nation. Several large lots of logs were stuck
in the tributaries of the Ottawa before being
got into the main stream. Thousands of those
that were got out are now stuck on the
rocks in the rapids at the Chats, the Deschesnes
and the Remenix. It is thought that there are
between three and four hundred thousand logs
stuck at the Chats Rapids alone. The channel
in the Remenix has been improved by blasting,
and logs are being got through slowly. The
Gatineau drive is still stuck above Chelsea, but
the contractor has blasted the channel and will
get the logs started as soon as the water begins
to come up.

THE WATER IN THE OTTAWA
has risen a few inches during the past week, but
not enough to benefit the river drive. The mills
will only be able to run until about the middle
of November at the best, so that if the logs do
not come down soon there will be a decided
cleaning out of the lumber yards of this neigh-
bourhood during the coming winter. As a
general thing quite a large quantity is yearly
held over from the fall until the spring, when
prices generally rule better. Very few sales of
lumber have been made of late, shipping con-
tracts being merely filled. Prices are decidedly
firm, with a strong tendency to further advance.
The following are present
QUOTATIONS :—

eppine Culls, per M.........05 eeewenes 300 00@11 00

StOOKS i akicrse okieere Meonaimiibinin isis ceiaceielataiers 16 00@23 00
ISUCLTIDIS Efe aparece Wel eE eta eletus's fareitiereitice 25 00@35 00
WisiWOM UE WasagooeuCtocadsookOeaddgmoacs 5 7 00@ 8 00
TOS iingG cOnA DOO omdaanOcoomd one gcdonn 1 00@ 110

LUMBER FREIGHTS.

Shipments are steady, although barges are
unable to take out little more than half a load,
owing to the low water, which is somewhat un-
precedented ; but to make it pay three barges
start from this point and when St. Anne’s is
reached the load of one is transferred to the
other two, which go on to their destination
while the empty one is sent back again, Barges

which carry 200,000 feet at a load have only
been able to take 115,000 feet at the most.
There was recently a slight advance in freight
rates, caused by American boatmen striking.
The rates paid at present are as follows :—
To New York, (with 25c, extra for strips). ..$
TO AUDA: sis)es elrieiatelentetsia celeb or einis nse se sipae
To Whitehall.......... Wis 915616, (o nw diely alsielys aa
To Burlington........+... 0% oSpwapdeulpiens
To'Quebec. ; ./: vessamus vie cevocieaeabaeenins
To; Montreal 2) « sietsllsdevtr salsa ee ieee s =
FOR THE SHANTIES.

A great many men are being sent up to the
shanties this fall, and it is estimated that 6,000
men will be in the woods at work the coming
winter. The quantity of logs and square timber
that will be taken out will be, it is expected,
considerably in excess of that of the past season.
Square timber has sold well, while lumber is in
excellent demand, Shantymen’s wages are 25
per cent. better than they were last fall, and 50
per cent. better than two years ago. They are
about the same as they were some seven years
ago, when the times were good and just before
the depression in the trade. The rate of pay
being given in the Ottawa Valley is as follows
for the class of hands specified :—

General Hands.........-. $15 @ 18 per month,
Log-makers....sse++++-05 18 @ 23
BCOYGIS: a\cce siadene es ele 23 @ 28 a
LADGVB sc sss 2 4 cts oe anew ate 30 @ 32 a
FLOWORB 06 5:06:05 ore asd veieiela 382 @ 45 ae
Foremen.....scsccesseres 40 @ 60 as
COOKS ws cusmudesbaceameeDe 80 @ 40 a
MISCELLANEOUS.

Up to the present time of writing 700 car-
loads of square timber belonging to the Scotch
Canadian Lumbering Co. have passed this
point for Quebec by rail. There are about 150
carloads yet to be brought down.

McLachlin Bros.’ new mill at Arnprior is now
running. It is built in the most substantial
manner, and fitted up with the finest machinery
made. The engine used is a 500-horse power
one, and the largest in use in any Ottawa Val-
ley mill. The entire cost of the new mill, com-
plete, is about $120,000. The firm have shown
a great deal of enterprise in building and fitting
up such a splendid mill.

Improvements are being made in the vicinity
of the Chaudiere. Just below the Union Sus-
pension bridge a portion of the low water rock
island is being removed. At high water it
divided the current and caused it to be so
strong along either of the docks that it was im-
possible for steamers to bring up barges to load
until near the middle of June, six weeks gener-
ally being lost. It is thought the removal of
rock will prevent this in the future. At the
head of the Chaudiere slides a new bulkhead is

being put in.
pees

Later.

OcroBER 25th.—All the saw mills in this
locality are now running full time, the rise in
the water having allowed a plentiful supply of
logs to be got down. Recent rains caused the
Ottawa to rise over a foot in a few days, and
navigation of the river between this point and
St. Anne’s has been much improved thereby.
Barges which were compelled to leave the
Chaudiere with a little more than a half load
for five or six weeks past are now able to carry
some 50,000 feet more, and with a little further
rise will be able to take their full loads. The
freight business has improved within the past
week, and will be brisk from now until the
close of navigation. The saw mills will continue
to run until closed by the frost, as the mill
owners are anxious to produce all the lumber
possible, owing to the present excellent demand.
Owing to the lack of logs, caused by low water,
the cut of lumber by the mills of this section
this season will be greatly reduced. It is esti-
mated that it will not be much more than two-
thirds of the quantity manufactured last season.
A great deal of time was lost by most mills, some of
which have not averaged more than half-time,
consequently the cuts of these mills will be
scarcely more than one-half of what they should
be, or what was counted upon at the beginning
of operations in the spring.

The lumber market is firm, very few sales
being made, as an increase of price is looked for
by the lumbermen. In either lumber or freight
rates there are no changes to note.

A great many men are being sent to the
woods fhis fall, and indications are that more

logs and square timber will be taken out the
for many winters past. The wages paid am
good, being considerably in advance of those o
last fall.

The log drives on the Upper Ottawa and th
Gatineau are progressing favorably, and will be
got through all right now in the course #
couple of weeks. ‘

Holland Brothers, of this city, are building
saw mill upon their timber property in Wes
Portland, Ottawa County, and will have i
running in the spring.

Men in the employ of the Upper Otta
Improvement Company are counting the le
lying on the shores of Allumette Lake, whid
will not be brought down until next spring.

——————————
LONDON, ONT.
From Our Own Correspondent, -

OctoBer 22.—1 read a long article in #
London Free Press, of yesterday, of the discovery
of immense tracts of pine lands discovered
north-east of the Georgian Bay by Col. Wm.
Mercer, a railroad engineer of great experience
He penetrated 100 miles up the Spanish River
inland from Georgian Bay and found pine
forests of an area sufficient to supply buildir
material to Canada and the West for the ail
hundred years! If all this is true, we have a
bonanza. The Spanish River to the base of
this widely extended land of pine is said to be
wonderfully adapted as a logging stream, being
devoid of rapids or other impediments its entire
length. But we must await further develop-
ments before purchasing our “little hatchet.”

Since my last letter two weeks ago there has”
not been much lumber moving in this market,
and the expected spurt has not yet come,
though merchants are not complaining and
prices rule as high as when I last wrote you. I
had a conversation last night with the largest
lumber merchant here, and he informed me that
there is the greatest difficulty in getting G.W.
R. cars loaded from the north, but that in
respect to G.T.R. cars there is no difficulty, in
fact he says we are perhaps better off here in
the West than the Toronto merchants find
themselves. It is understood that the G.T.R.,
the Northern Railroad, and H. & N. W. com-
bined have each put on 150 cars, making 300
cars, to be devoted especially to our western de-
mands, and that these cars are not allowed to
be sent east. The consequence is that lumber
by the G. T. R. arrives promptly, and there are
no reproachful epithets in the lumberman’s vo-
cabulary on this score.

Notwithstanding the quietness in lumber the
demand for building supplies from the mills is
very brisk, and nearly all here have abundance
of uncompleted contracts on hand. The Messrs.
Green’s new mill is fast approaching completion
and they expect to be at work again in about
two weeks.

Mr. Hargreaves’ estate is being rapidly wound
up. The sale of the mill by auction took place
yesterday and realized $1,300, upon which there
is said to be a mortgage of $1,000. The contents:
of the lumber yard will be auctioned off to-day..
The stock. however, is small, consisting of pine
and hemlock, and some matched flooring and
siding. x

Shingles are now plentiful, but the prices are.
unchanged. Lath is also plentiful and un-
changed.

My report for this market is,—quiet but firm,.
with prospect bright for the spring.

QUOTATIONS,
Mill cull boards and scantling...........-..+...- $10 00°
Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths. - ue
10 and 12 in. stocks - 1150

Common boards, promiscuous widths. .8@
Scantling and joist, up ioe (5: Se - 14.00
« ss 2 18 ft..... 14 50
~2 se ns 20 Tb... os caws cn ceemen 15 50°
ss <- x po Aree yt 16
as 2 x +S See
Common stocks ..... eeeceveccuneveseuceenes sa 14
Common 2 in. plank. ¢. .. 0.2.00... cnesneneeeeene 13
Cutting up plank and boards****........+++ oun eee
Sound dressing stocks... s.sseee0. Cine AMAN ORE vq
Clear and picks..... 62... sseeeeesees scene seenees $1
Three uppers, Am. inspection...........+ seseeee 35 OO
inch dressed and matched flooring RAB SSuASee 4 00
a0 ts s eee) 20 00
XXX sawn shingles, 8 M........ abs ‘

Lath per 1000 feet

Dr. Fowisr’s Extract OF WitpD STRAWBERRY cures
summer complaints, diarrhea, dysentry, cholera
morbus, cholera infantum, sourstomach, colic, nausea,
vomiting, canker, piles and all manner of fluxes,

ST. JOHN, N. B,
From Our Own Correspondent.

The Muirhead, Snowball, and other large
mills of the Miramichi, are now running full
time, and there will be few logs left over this

_ season.

Guy Bevan & Co., St. John, have a contract
with P. Loggie to have four millions sawn this
season. Mr. Loggie’s mill has one of the
_ Waterous 35-horse power rotary steam saws,
_ and is doing thorough work, and although guar-
_anteed to cut 20,000 feet per day, it has with
the same engine, carriage, and saw frame, dur-

ing the last four years, sawn inside of ten hours

a 000 superticial feet of spruce timber, and has

averaged for the month 30,000 feet per day.
The weekly average for the season has been

_ 28,000 to 31,000 superficial feet of 3 inch deals

and inch boards per diem, and this from spruce

logs, averaging 10 pieces to the thousand feet.

_ The quantity of shooks manufactured this
year will be less than last, when 45,000 were

made for shipping smelts to the United States.

The Harbor at the present writing has a bare
appearance. Shipping is scarce and there is very

little doing.

English freights are dull at present, there
being little demand for tonnage. We hear of.
_ one charter being effected at 55s. for Cork Quay
‘direct, and the steamer Zeddington was taken
at the same low rate.

American freights are firm, especially for
Boston, for which port vessels can readily
obtain $3.00 per M. The rate for New York is

not quite so high, $3.50 being about the present

figure.

The English market does not present any
marked change to report. The price of deals
should be better on the other side, as the stock in
Liverpool is not so great as at this time last
year. We append a comparative table of im-
‘port, consumption and stock of N.B. deals in
the Liverpool market from the ist of February

up to the Ist of October, 1880 and 1881 :—

1880. 1881.
Import (standards)............ 59,963 40,003
5 CONSTI MAON oa 5 aio wae ain.s ws 0 54,919 54,277
m Stock ....-. a SASS aeepetiesss-2. 20,202 17,099

The American market is in as good a condi-
tion as when last reported. Lumher of good
lengths and widths command ready sale, and
laths are worth $1.75 in Boston, and $1.90 to
$2.00 in New York.

Deals at present are scarce, and good dimen
sion lots are worth $9.50. We have had heavy
Tains recently, which will be the means of

inging down a great many logs, and mills
which have been before idle will very soon re-
sume operations.

Oct, 22nd, 1881,

———
From Another Correspondent.

DEALS.

_ There is very little to remark with reference
_to movements in deals since the date of last re-
--port. Our stock was about exhausted at the
first of the month ; shipments since have conse-

ently been on.a moderate scale, about keeping
with the local production, so there is no
ial change in the position of the trade
- . :
7 LOGGING OPERATIONS.
The preparations for operating in the woods
coming winter, have, as yet, shown very
little activity ; there appears to be cong
siderable doubt as to the extent the opera-
are likely to be carried on. The cost of
ing out logs must be greater than for several
"years past; supplies and wages will all be

igher, besides the increasing difficulties on
Sk of the scarcity of trees, except at
“greater distances both for hauling and driving,
ail tend to add to the cost of the logs. It is
d less owing to such considerations that
perators mnanifest some hesitation in their pre-

os

¥REIGHTS.

There is no change to notice in the freight
f We quote 57s. 6d. as about the rate
lor Liverpool, London, etc., the few transac
ims of 4 recent date having been at or about

ae

SHIPPING.
the heavy clearances on the first of the
our flect continues very small, and is not
ty be materially increased this season.

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

The following is a list of the vessels in port,

with their tonnage and destinations :—
W.D. Wallet, 1413, Adelaide orders.
Malville, 924, Melbourne.

Adept, 1102, Liverpool or London.

E. Sutton, 545, West Coast of England,

Kilverdale, 1190, Liverpool or London,

Lalia, 391, Bougie, Africa,

Hypatia, 738, Liverpool or Bristol Channel,

Sarah B. Cann, 757, Liverpool.

Wim. Stephenson, 749, United Kingdon.

M. A. Palmer, 299, ——

Pusnaes, 503, United Kingdom.
SHIPMENTS,

The shipments of deals and other sawn lumber

are as follows :—

Wor BUrope sss ce scccercecscos ven
KOTUnIted States si cicseccss-s06s
“ South America
October 22nd, 1881.

5,073,000 Sup. feet.
3,211,000 *
514,000 ss

———_____—___.
ALBANY.
River freights are steady :
NOUN GN MOT AO MLS cia visva'e o e10.ssyo,0.0 518 sae $ @1 00
MOVE UG FEPOK Tea. aerators <lelelote to oes elaieiera cial @1 374
ROPING WRELAN CUipiaietn sistcteloniancisl siasioin\ cle elche cele @1 374
To Providence, Fall River and Newport.... 2 00@2 25
PROBE DWUUGK CLs dary crveh elvis’ eicjeucteste ol iavecsje. tele 2 25@2 50
To Norwalk. . 1 25@1 30
ROMHATELOT Ohya /lelersieldicicin eine oe © A @2 00
RUORIVOENUTCH area aeiatslc:cus)s.ele civ in ciaieieie.0rt noo @2 00
‘To Middletown...........-..+. aietaeteene @1 75
ROU NG WLiONG ONis yayae aretaleve;s) sie scfoin\e/<;sieieicscistae @1 75
Mop tnilad el piiaertpetetesisfoicisieisjste 2 siaheeleveisse @2 00
Quotations at the yards are as follows :—
EINES CLESLT sta MV etal aVainte ele) av aia\ cle uletnlerc 2 eve trey a $53 00@63 00
Pine, fourths. nOUO.ODR SOCOM DU OUCODNODD OG - 48 00@58 00
Pine, selects... ... 438 00@53 00
Pine, good OX atateioleteie . 15 00@30 00
Pine; 10-in-plamk, Cachva- sea cee enes 00 38@00 42
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, each Istelolereice «se. 00 VO@OO 22
Pine’ TOSI CS el OTN a roy o. a, syats epaishcteeis cere sss+. 00 26@28 00
Pine, 10-in. boards, CULE hosssiesis ote 00 18@00 19

Pine, 10-in.
Pine, 12-in.

boards, 16 ft., @M..........
Hoard? VOL. eee s cseiee nae»

25 00@30 00
25 00@30 00

Pine, 12-in, boards, 13ft.........006 +eee. 28 00@30 00
. Pine, 1} in. siding, select............ ++.. 00 00@42 00
Pine, iPS in. siding, common............. 16 00@19 00

Pine, 1-in. siding; select........--....5.. 00 00@42 00
Pine, inch siding, common.. ... 16 00@19 00
Spruce, boards, each...... . 00 00@00 16
Spruce, plank, 1}-in., each. 00 00@00 20
Spruce, plank, 2-in., each.... 00 00@00 30

Spruce, wall strips, each................. 00 11@00 12
Hemlock, boards, each.............0000% 00 00@00 13
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each............+... 00 00@00 31
Hemlock, joist, 24x4, each ...... 00 00@00 13
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4, each 00 00@00 10
Ash, good, AB Misareieticlelaeysfticie Wis srerz or +». 88 00@45 00
Ash, second quality, ® M............0005 25 00@30 00
Cherry, EDOM CAPM tien actinic cisieersiatiete e 60 00@70 00
Cherry, common, # M ..- 25 00@35 00
Oak, good, @M......... . 38 00@43 00
Oak, second quality, # M 20 00@25 00
Basswoo UMioietsie elarniavee ET. +. 25 00@28 00
Hickory, @M........... Wisi oraiPtorstelateneveya cers 36 00@40 00
Maple, Canada, 2 M 26 00@30 00
Maple, American, per M........++ SORE 25 00@28 00
(C)i iinnlite GoW os dnenoeno cepa oguesnOoa ne 35 00@40 00
Shingles, ‘shaved, (DINED st. felis aie 0 00@ 6 25
2nd quality plete rete inteleVolats/eysieteleiey<in 0 00@ 5 00

“ec extra, saw ed, jbieWe ato tee Lb BeO 0 00@ 4 40

& clear, Tote gis oie snare 0 00@ 3 30

ie cedar, tived ao erore 0 00@ 3 25

ol cedar, XXX 0 00M 4 00

ce PROM Cretece wokal ln) feta cicciew'- ors. ae 0 00@ 2 25

Rat HEMUOCK, Mee oiecies ov cide ssid aces 0 00@1 624

Paths spruces) 68 sssaisicicltsminonae enue 0 00@1 874

Lath, pine, Sepa aratenarcinelRelereretoe eer wre 0 00@ 2 00
——— ee

CHICAGO.
CARGO QUOTATIONS,
Joistand seantling, green,ordinary lengths$10 50@11 00

Joist and scantling, green, 20 feet and over 12 00@15 00
Wallern; Choice SECU is ats sv'e aisle sete es vs ee 16 50@21 00
Mill run, medium, green.............++- 13 00@16 50
Mall susr commons (2 Sr erececiinc coe 11 75@13 00
Shingles, standard. r./02 Sdebreacs ase cies 2 35@ 2 45
Shingles vextraysAlys +8 os Moveswtistiisss/s,0 sie 2 45@ 2 65
1957) ROdroonaneo ond bAnpope no oe OOne noo see L 85@ 1 90
LAKE FREIGHTS

WERNVISLOD «sera ete eGo vin Meat at ele a ayo Sales $2 374@2 50
cen alee alptutatntntstelelatetiYe/efaicip(s)s1s\ai<\eis\e(aiy 2 00

PAC ELON nse [g vista ares] -isinlelas)+/s/¥\a\e\ersleiseie’ai 2 124@2 25
ea Haven WSO GEN WilMiehaxs: atsiat wife) $n'<"atalclatels 2 0 ne
Menominee..... Migteleitiows i= iavars sinielsieve vleids « 2 95
Sturgeon Bay.......... GAOC suche HORS 2 25 @2 374
White Lake. sce... ccs Mists’ >\ si aiviers's oo» 2 124
Ford River..... iola.818 wat dnetet esta aitye'e'e/eratavater, 2 124@2 25

——+- ——_-——___—_—.
SAGINAW VALLEY.

The Lumberman’s Gazette, of October 25, says
there is a sharp demand in this market for good
stock, and the coarser grades are meeting with
a fair call. A number of eastern dealers are in
the market picking up all the desirable lots
that can be obtained. Some extra stock has
been disposed of at big prices, sales being re-
ported of 140,000 feet at $10, $20, and $35;
300,000 feet at $8, $16, and $36 ; 2,000,000 feet
at the same figures by commission dealers;
500,000 feet at $7.75, $15.50, and $36; 700,000
feet at $9, $18, and $38; 1,000,000 feet at $15
straight ; 500,000 feet at $7, $14, and $35; one
choice lot at $10, $20, and $40; and a small
lot of extra stock rom three,circle Cass river

logs at $19 straight. .
e demand for shingles is strong, and all the

stock offering is quickly taken. Standard
brands XXX commanded $3,20@3.30, and clear
butts $2,10@2,20,

The Geaud of forest products from the
port of Bay City for the week ending October
22nd were as follows :—

Lumber, feet......-+ vekoe asad eres" 24,380,500
Shingles. .vcccscvse cwsarcubeverase 3,120,000
ALIS. oiru'vinw sane dese BAC AR OAD 800,000
Barrel headingg.....--+--+-rsseceses 400

The total shipments of lumber, shingles and
lath from the river for the season to October 22,

were as follows :—

UNM VEY AECh se sesh esisrisle cis cats «ss 689,975,686
RHINGICD: 4, cioinnc as nialeiaeselacien © #3 123,709,000
LAUD eras steele epiriiac) slelesie: sleeyi4 14,508,000
General quotations are :—
Shipping Culley sass ce rsirecccevinencce o3 $ 7.00@ 9.00
febjarhityenonaganannter one cane .. 14,00@18.00
THYEE UPPEXS. 0. 00cecccrees o-soe «..+ 33.00@38.00

BOSTON.

OoctoprR 22.—The Journal of Commerce says
the utmost satisfaction is expressed on all sides
at the condition of the market and the good
trade which has been enjoyed for the past three
or four months. It is a long time since the
yards could show such a small accumulation of
stock on the approach of winter. This fact
alone is evidence of what has been going on
during the summer months. Choice grades of
stock are just as dear, in the eyes of holders, as
they were months ago, and consumers have to
submit to current rates or go without a supply.
Refuse and commons sell fairly, although they
are not in the favor they once were. Hardwoods
continue in good demand, and anything choice
is held for high figures. Values generally are

firm throughout.
CANADA PINE.

SelECtS MD RESSEM: leratelsleiste tess s-irieiers einen ete $48 00@50 00
Shelving, Dressed, IS CSch legen’ al sialic Meat 40 00@42 00
PC Spas Coons. cORKe 33 00@35 00
Dressed) Shippers... «+0 cslcsine ass cess 27 00@29 00
WWKESHE ANB ON: fete tate artepelels eteleiel='n alate /e)=)xlulols 18 00@20 00
Sheathing, Ist quality...........-+..+++- 42 00@45 00
cn. ai hi(a i bere aurs Spine SIRE 34 00@35 00
——— -_ > -—_—- —
TONAWANDA,
CARGO LOTS—SAGINAW INSPECTION.
WYSE} S) NEV Goandacepesod oD coucdn dad $40 00@45 00
Common. - 17 50@20 00
(1b Gaadoap00 coddguoOoEOD bocoDaBeoaS 11 50@12 50
ed
LIVERPOOL.
Messrs. Farnworth & Jardine report that

business during the month has been very inac-
tive ; there hag been a small import, and the
consumption has been correspondingly small, as
is invariably the case when there is little landing.
Stocks generally are ample, Baltic fir and spruce
deals being almost the only exceptions, and these
are unusually light.

Messrs. Duncan, Ewing & Co. state that with
a moderate import during the past month there
has been less pressure to make sales from the
quay, and this, together with a somewhat lan-
guid demand, has lessened the apparent con-
sumption. The market continues in a quiet
condition, and any pressure of importations
would most probably cause prices to give way.

Messrs. Dobell & Co.,2in their timber market
report, dated October 1st, state that during the
month of September the import of square timber
of all kinds has been 8,000 loads less, and of
deals and boards of all kinds 13,000 standards
less than the corresponding month last year.
Taking into consideration this curtailment in
imports, we think the consumption during the
month may be considered as fairly satisfactory.
There is, without doubt, a better feeling in our
trade, but we would wish strongly to impress
upon shippers that this cannot be matured into
any tangible improvement, unless we have very
moderate imports for the next few months.
Spruce deals have advanced in value, and are
now firmly held at £7 5s., at which price late
sales of St. John have been*made.

See ee

LONDON.

The Timber Trades Journal, of Oct. 8, says
that at a sale on the 5th Quebec goods were
dull, and several parcels were submitted under
reserve without elicting a bid. These were all
first-class shipments, but possibly buyers did
not care to venture a bid, not knowing where
it might land them. The upset price of 3rds,
3x11 in., 12 and 18 ft., Gilmour’s C brand, ex
Arran, imported last year, was £9 15s., and for
the 4ths £8 10s. to £8 15s., while undersized
were quoted at £7 5s, A portion of the goods

11

imported last July ex St. Pauli, also from
Quebec, were quoted even lower than those just
enumerated without finding a buyer, viz., £9
for 11 ft., and £83 ls. for 9 and 10 ft. These
figures seemed reasonable enough to tempt
speculators, but whether they were within the
holding price we cannot way. It is very likely
another 5s. would have secured them. BE Ly Cre,

however, like to make the prices for themselves ;
nevertheless several parcels of reserved goods of
other descriptions were sold without any diffi

culty. Compared with what low quality stuff

from the Baltic the
Quebec prices would not be dear at another 10s.
We have the assurance of the Quebec papers,

porte 18 now obtaining,

and other information from private sources,
that the production is not likely to be as much
as was expected ; while the trade between the

Dominion and the United States in pine log

continually increasing, which must tell seone
or later on the supplies of pine to this
Still either the stuff is not consume

eountry.
i here at its

former rate, or else it meets with more favor
outside the saleroom ; anyhow offered under the
hammer goods of the kind appear to move

slowly, while for other descriptions the demand
seems unabated.

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniiure, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.
FLEMING & SON,

26 Colborne St., Toronto.

L14

Special Offer to

7) LUMBERMEN ‘{j

|

|
, ELGIN WATCH.
is in 6 ounce sterling Silver Cases,
ae Gold Joints, with a Written Guar- &
antee for three years. \
EF. CRUMPTON
83 King St. East, Toronto.

| To any person sending me this
advertisement and $25 within
the next 60 days, I will send a

a Genuine WALTHAM, or f

Any article in Watches, Clocks, |
Diamonds, Jewellery, Silverware, |
etc., sent to any part of Canada, i
nd Satisfaction Guaranteed or
Money Refunded.

We make a specialty
of Presentations.

Watch Repairing and
Jewelry manufactured
by best workmen only,
at reasonable prices.

12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

A. WOR WC A I Hrought Iron Shanty Cook Stove
ELECTRICIAN,

4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONTARIO.

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,

for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connec
5 j parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

The most Durable and Beneficial kind known to Medical Science always in S i N G L E Oo V E N Ss ‘hy O V E

Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.
The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each 16

BATTERIES FOR BATHS,
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private Use; and | trom some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
FARADIC BATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW. lyl17 | commenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and

reliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.
The Best Stove I have ever Used.

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

PETERBOROUGH, May 31, 1880.
ADAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove 1 have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.
Yourstruly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

ApaM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.

PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880.

A. HALL, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them

Fire-Engine highly to any one who is in the lumber business, Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P_
EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
aba O S Hi, Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough,

Lace Leather, :

Mill Supplies, ac. The Best Axes in the World!

Single, Double and Triple Steel, 28 Patterns.

National Manufacturing Company

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

Rast ==

;

Warranted Good or Exchanged.

And Burrell’s, Warnock’s, and Dundas Axes, made specially for the Lumber Trade,

‘ repacked any weights without extra charge. Lindsay Pattern of Broad anfi Bl
manufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and i
military Encampments, with or without entra roofs, all sizes and SEES sehite ae fancy striped, | Axes. LANCE TOOTH SAWS, warranted good. P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford,

mildew proof or plain. Prices from $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)| PT. RATHER BELTING. 24 CUT FILES. LATH YARN. Mill and Shanty Hardware

EN FOR USE made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP $
ee BEDS (Bradley's Patent) the best bed ever inyent- | No. 1 LARD OIL. Heavy HAMES, BUCKLES and HARNESS TRIMMINGS.

ed; size when folded 2 x 6 in. ; 3 feet long, weighing/ — , nora and other RIFLES, from $10 each. Large assortment of CARTRIDGES. \

SS
————

only ll pounds, but strong enough to bear the
= weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-
= covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of

every description made to order on the premises.
ay"Special rates to Lumbermen, Send for cata- ORGK QTRTHEM P t b oh 0
Gas and price list to GK { 9 e er oroug 3 i}
NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
: 202 Sparks Street, Ottawa

b27 Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware. 12117

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

AVM TLIVON, CAIN ADA.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED
OB Ee TT EO XE

MERY and

These Wheels are
Wire Strengthened \

And Specially Adapted

For Saw Gumming

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

| They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ.,
GALT. MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO., Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,

ST, CATHARINES. TORONTO.
WE ALSO REFER TO
WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,

A
&
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,
Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. Lumber Merchants. Sdn

14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

DAVID JONES’ (Flour Making » a New Proce

C ELBA as
Cast Steel Table Gutlery!) = GRAYS FATENT
nay hak ting one wonseee x3, NUISELESS RULLER Mt

| A Model of Perfection /

Awarded Diploma and Medal by the New Brunswick Government in 1873.

rE . Every Mill a Success :
oro 2»

aaa, z= ™

ay Ay A

443

Smooth Iron or Porcelain ROLLS.

MANUFACTURERS,

CS UO ti sae Ae L@:

COKRUGATIONS of all Descriptions.

SSEND FOR CATALOGUE. -“@X

RAINER, SWEETNAM & HAZELTON,

“SOIVIS POU OU JO SHOT
PALVJWISIAOY OY [1V AG POs OAV ST L01L0Y esol Le

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:
At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, 1st Prize, Diploma & Medal for Best Square Piano

At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition -

At Brantford Southern Fair
At Guelph Central Exhibition

The Rainer Piano Always Triumphant!

The Machine is Perfect in all its adjustments, and RUNS

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ|wrrnour norse,

It is doing Better Work than any other Machine in use.

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)

at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English : . . . . .
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that Automatic Lubrication of Principal Bearings.

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD. Driven entirely by BELTS.

Differential Speed always insured.

WEYMAN’S NEW IMPROVED PATENT

yreelaim Bells

‘Tepe PIOD puy

6LEI ‘UOWIGINXA [elysnpul ‘uvs10 s0[1eg 103 1epew AIUO
LEI ‘UONIGIUXm [eloUTACIg ‘ULSIO JO[4eg 10} [epeyw ATUO

Hi Aa

The BEST ROLL FOR MIDDLINGS in the world. Over 6000
in use in this country and Europe. Send for particulars.

.Provincial Exhibition 1871
-Centennial Exhibition, 1876

WE RHECHIV HD

International Medal and Diploma, Sydney, Australia, 187'7

si
: ¢a— ff
wy pa O
7 et: WILLER BROS. & MITCHELL,
El E = < Nos. 110, 112, 114 and 116 KING STREET
be : : MONTREAL.
ag 3 SOLE LICENSEES FOR DOMINION.

The Bell Organ Manufactory isthe Largest and Oldest {x 3ritish Empire, and the fact that mproved Hoisting Machinery, MINING
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market. We GUARANTEE ALL Manufacturers of B I S € a y>
OUR ORGANS for five years Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catologue mailed free. and CONTRACTORS PLANT. importers of BEST STEEL

VV. 13 Bide Bor @® WIRE ROPE. mention this Paper. 12-ly

17 41 to 47 Bast Market Suqare, GUELPH, Ont,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

15

LUMBERMEN

Will always find a Large Stock of

Shanty Blankets), ,\

IND

Northey s Steam Pump Works
BOILER FEED PUMPS, rah MINING PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and | OIL PIPE LINES,
WRECKING PUMPS. And CITY WATER WORKS.
No. 47 King William Street.

ILTON, ONTARIO.

SEND FOR CIRCULAR.

HORSE BLANKETS OAK HALT,

At LOWEST Mill Price, at

JNO. MACDONALD & 60'S

LTOROWN TO.

Bae Send Sample Order for our LINED SHAPED

HORSE RUG, a Specialty, highly recommended for

Wear and Warmth

6122

2.) A. LHARMONTH & Co.

ENGINEERS AND FOUNDERS,

MANUFACTURER OF

p.| Steam Engines, Rotary Pumps, of all sizes, for Paper
and Pulp Mills, Steam Pumps, and a Variety of other
Pumps, Propeller Engines for Yachts & Tow Boats.

} L24-ly
Eee Iron Railings, Hoisting Machines for Stores, Jack Screws, Park
; 7 Je Mills, all kinds of Machinery for Mines, Saw Mills, Flour Mills.

St. Paul St., QU HBEHC.

BRAMS & KERR

Steam Engines, Mill Gearing, Rotary Mills, Shafting,
Planers, Hangers, Pulleys, Variety Moulders.

SPECIAL MACHINERY MADE TO ORDER

Latest Improved Spool and Bobbin Machinery.
Every Variety of Heavy and Light Casting.

124-ly

Foundry and Machine Shop on City Road,
iT. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

ss

Nos. (15, 117, £19, (21, King St. ast, Torono.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.

We earry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Gur stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.
We give a Good Tweed Suit for.......... $6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 150
We give a Good Overalls for .......-...... O 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. lyLi3

2,

i
}

16

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

A. QUESTION ‘oye QU AT ees

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved On wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views.
qualities 7o match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what itis, and we can send you a Tanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular

classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world, Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels used are “Class 2.
it cuts fast and keeps its shape well, Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the ‘ Pocono.”

CLASS 8. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as “‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both finer in grain and softer than either of the above. As aSaw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Tilustwated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.

The Tanite Co, Siroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

IM. Covels Latest eh Automatic Saw Sharpener!

ls the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW
STEAM FEED |

I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

and for STHAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam
Feed, having put inseveral which are giving the best of sat-
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, Esq, Peterborough.

DEAR 8IR—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it bas given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put lt into my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. Ican eut 18 boards 13 ft. long In one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work “than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and ean recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Ieed since I got it
than I would have cut had I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

ToRoNTO, August llth, 1880.
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont,

DEAR StR—The Stoam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly, Yours, &c,,

THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

pee I = Horizontal Engines and Boilers

{ii R ii

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-millsin the United States. Many of these run only asii gle saw eacli. A one-saw mill would use one ortwo
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the whee], There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them instock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock,
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of allin use are beveled.

Toe principal sizes are:

12x
ax} 10x} . 12x:
8x3 \ fin. hole. {2%$ | gin. hole. 3% a3 pie
8x9 10x2 12x?

Lox ;

Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12x} are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 2x1}, The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won’t touch it.
The answer is that, you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel, ~
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tarite), that we can furnish

aa MILL MACHINERY!

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for all
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection ip Mills, &c.

=

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along ©
= with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or larg
| i Factories of any Kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I fee
3 justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish

es

HI | ie i NW xt on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer
" tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel. \
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour. Li0

Hi
lk A

WELT EAA RE a mone,

Pr DER BORO UG

PUBLISHED
SEMI-MONTHLY.

GA

T

SUBSCRIPTION

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada. gt

VOL. 1.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., NOVEMBER 15, 1881.

NO. 26.

THE new mills for the Georgian Bay Lumber-
ing Co. are under contract and the work is being
pushed on with the greatest speed. The ma-
chine shops are built and taken possession of,
and the stone foundation of the mill is nearly
completed.

A. J. Geicrr, Philadelphia, is reported as
having the largest lumber warehouse under one
roof in the United States. It is 164 feet wide
and 200 feet long. It required 13,000 square
feet of tin for the roof, which is so arranged

that it can be opened when the weather is fair, -

and closed when it is stormy.

THE ONTARIO BANK.

We regret to learn, directly and indirectly,
that some of the depositors and note holders of
the Ontario Bank have become alarmed at re-
cent developements, and are withdrawing their
deposits and refusing to take its notes as usual,
notwithstanding that there is not the slightest
ground for alarm on their part.

Did we for a moment think that there is the
slightest possibility of any of its creditors suffer-
ing inconvenience, much less loss, by the
Ontario Bank, we should be the the last to dis-
couraging them taking every possible means of
securing themselves, but as matters stand we
deem it our duty to discourage everything
tending to discredit this Bank’s entire solvency
so far as the public is concerned.

It is unfortunately too true that through past
management, a considerable portion of the
Stockholders’ money has been lost, but taking
even the most gloomy view of the state of its
affairs, and accepting Mr. Holland’s report as
certain to be fully realized, the bank still pos-
sesses undoubted assets, which amount to with-
in a fraction of one hundred and thirty-five
cents for every dollar which it owes to the pub-
lic. But perhaps the best evidence that the
Bank is thoroughly solvent so far as its credi
tors are concerned, is the fact that notwithstand-
ing Mr. Holland’s proposal to reduce each $100
of its present stock down to $50, yet the
speculators in both the Montreal and Toronto
markets are paying about $60 for every $100 of
its present stock or for every $50 of the new
stock, which is equal toa premium of twenty per
cent. on the stock as reduced. This is the
strongest possible proof that those most likely
to be best informed still place a very substantial
value upon its stock, and believe that things are
likely to turn ont much better than Mr. Hol
land’s estimate. Be that as it may, however, it is
quite clear that this stock cannot be worth a
single cent, unless there be a surplus after pay-
ing every creditor. The Stockholders are the
only ones which can suffer by the bank’s losses,
and that being the case we have no hesitation in
strongly deprecating any action on the part of
any of ite creditors calculated to increase the

already serious loss of ite proprietors.

CANADA’S RESOURCES.
IMMENSE TRACTS OF PINE LANDS DISCOVERED
NORTH OF THE GEORGIAN BAY,

Col. William Mercer, a railway engineer of
large experience, passed through Chicago a day
or two ago to commence the survey for the
Quincy, Vandalia and Eastern road. The
Colonel brought the first tangible information
from the mysterious exploring expedition which
recently left a port on the Lake Huron shore
and proceeded to the mouth of Spanish River,
on the Georgian Bay, where they dismissed the
steamer which had taken them thus far, and
took to small boats, in which they proceeded up
the river one hundred and fifty miles, penetrat-
ing a region little known to the white man,
and which the Candian Government has never

yet
SURVEYED OR EXPLORED.

The expedition was gotten up so quietly that
only a few persons interested in the result of
the exploration knew of its destination. Its
abandonment of the steamer on the shores of
the Georgian Bay was a matter of wonderment
even to the officers of the boat, who could not,
though they tried hard, guess the object of all
the preparations which they found awaiting the
voyagers at the mouth of Spanish River, and
the extended trip of the adventurous little
party at least awakened in the minds of friends
at home fears that some serious disaster had
overtaken them in this wild and unknown re-
gion. Launched upon Spanish River, the voy-
agers proceeded leisurely, noting the depths and
currents of the stream, the magnitude of which
surprised them more and more as they ascend-
ed. Reaching a point 100 miles inland from the
Georgian Bay and the limit of Government
surveys, the party landed and prepared to
penetrate the great unexplored region before
them. Here began the work that from its
results may in the not far distant future open
up a new and almost inexhaustible source of
lumber supply. ‘This, in fact, was the primary
object of the expedition—to investigate the
resources of this region as regarded the growth
and quality of pine timber, and discover if such
forests, could they be found, could be utilized
when the pine supply of Michigan should be
exhausted.

Establishing a base line six miles in length,
the surveyors moved forward, sending outside
parties, and in this way covered an area of 75
square miles. They found the pine timber of a
superior quality, exceeding that of the Michi-
gan forests, and in such quantities as to convince
them that they had discovered a source which
would furnish building material for Canada and

the West
FOR THE NEXT HUNDRED YEARS

at least. It was estimated that the area sur-
veyed by them would furnish 24,000,000,000 feet
of lumber, and they had not begun, according
to the Indian guides, to penetrate this immense

forest tract.

| . -
The explorers also encountered | of the country, discovered that this road must

small streams connecting with the Spanish | pass through
River, which, in the event of the future tapping | NEARLY 1,000 MILES ENTIRELY UNINHABITED,
of this great lumber supply, would serve admir- | in the largest portion of which the print of the

ably in floating the logs to the greater stream,
which is free from rapids and well adapted to
the logging trade. The value of this great pine
forest will perhaps be better understood when it
is stated that the entire stock of uncut timber
in the state of Michigan is estimated by practi-
cal engineers at only 35,000,000,000 feet.

In addition to this immense lumber supply,
the party found evidences of

VARIED AND EXTENSIVE MINERAL DEPOSITS,
which of themselves will in time serve to open
up this great wild region to the fuller and freer
knowledge-of the enterprising white man.

Spanish River, according to Col. Mercer, is
from its mouth to its rise, or as far as the ex
pedition navigated it, a splendid stréam, devoi
of rapids or other impediments its entire length.
It runs through a grandly picturesque country,
with lofty cliffs and jutting precipices inter-
spersed here and there with lengthy reaches
of high plateaus. Its waters are of a good and
uniform depth throughout. This river, to
gether with the Ottawa River—the one running
south west and the other south-east—serve as

the
GREAT DRAINING AND IRRIGATING ARTERIES

to this widely extended land of the pine. The
Ottawa River, however, is obstructed by fre-
quently recurring rapids, and as a logging stream
has many disadvantages which could not be
overcome without the application of immense
labor and expense. Plodding along through
this almost interminable wilderness of pine,
the explorers were surprised and gladdened by
the voice of man coming from a source least
expected—in fact, they ran upon a party of
engineers engaged in the work of surveying for
_ THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.

Mutual greetings and congratulations were
exchanged. The railway surveyors had long
since cut loose from civilization, and yearned
for some means of communication with their
fellow-men, In accordance with these hopes
and longings their daily accumulations of mail
matter had been kept in the best state of pres-
ervation and at the foremost front, ready for
any chance benighted party like themselves
who would volunteer to carry them to their
destination. This package of letters, which
had assumed a goodly bulk, was taken in
charge by our pioneers and religiously packed
with their choicest instruments, in order that

their charge might be properly: regarded and |

respected,

Col. Mercer, who has been bred to eminent
practical work, soon found occasion to question
his newly acquired friends with regard to the
prospects and ultimate intentions of the Cana-
dian Government touching this great railway
project. He had, through his own knowledge

| Indian moccasin has never been seen; and yet

the Colonel, who is, as has been before stated,
|an eminently practical man, could not see how
a road through such a country could be made to
| pay. To the casual observer it would appear

|that this vast tract of timber, with the accom-

panying mineral resources, as discovered by this
exploring party, gives promise of a successful
future to the railway enterprise that at its in-
ception has such a wide and otherwise apparent-
ly unprofitable gap between its remotely separ-
ated termini.

Gilmour's New Mill.

The Advocate says that the work on Gilmour’s
new mill at Trenton is being pushed with great
energy: Mr. Proper has arrived and is execut-
ing the plans made by Mr. Hall, who is the
draughtsman and architect. The frame of the
mill proper is made in sections, each story being
a section. The frame is up and also the two
extension wings. The men are putting on the
roof as fast as possible, so as to have it enclosed
before the cold weather sets in. Itisa collossal
frame in the size of its timbers and the area it
Mr. Proper tells us one gang similar to
those to be put in cut 123 logs in one hour. Mr.
Lester, sr., is pushing the new smoke stack
rapidly to completion. On Saturday it was
within 30 feet of its height. Messrs. Crow &
Sansom are driving on the boiler house with all
the forces they can well set to work. The front
of the new boilers, which will be tubular, will
be reversed to face the west, thereby securing a
better draught. The Miller Bros, have com-
pleted the stone foundation except the centre
stone work that is to bind the immensely large
gangs to the rock. There is to be three feet of
rock excavated, and then large bands of iron
will be laid down and stone work twelve feet
thick built over these irons, so that the gang
under great weight, when screwed down to the
irons, may be free from shake or jar. Mr. Gil-
mour, the engineer, has had four boilers put in
position in the new boiler house in connection
with the planing mill, and two of the boilers
now supply steam to the mill. The new engine
will shortly be in position, and thén the preseut
small engine will be kept for electric light or
force pump purposes. The “‘Gehena” is about
100 feet out west of the large mill, and looks
like a great circle of rough hewn stone. It will
be surmounted with an iron furnace 30 feet in
diameter, into which refuse stuff from the mill
will be thrown, and will be kept burning day
and night while the mill is in operation. ;

covers,

BLACKSTONE, the name of England’s greatest

lawyer, and the name of a well known lawyer's
pen of Esterbrook’s make. The stationers have
them.

2 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

timbered,—the swamps with spruce, poteral
tamarack ; the swampy land with hemlock a
birch, with pine ridges, and on the higher lan
with maple, birch and balsam.
Strronc.—Surveyed by Mr. W. Beatty iz
1876. About one-ninth of the area of bis
township is occupied by a lake lying near the
centre. <A belt of hardwood land some th 4
west side of the lake gradually rises to z 3
the height of one hundred feet, when it becomes
mixed with scattered pine and hemlock, wit!
occasional patches of birch and balsam.
and north of the lake the land is rolling a
covered with hardwood and scattered pines,
and small patches of balsam and spruce
swamp.
PRINGLE.—Surveyed in 1876 by Mr. Fitz-
gerald, who states that the south-west po "
may be described as rugged and broken, seatter-
ed over with a sprinkling of white pine of fair
quality, but not in sufficient quantities to be
called a pine country. The south-east part o
the township is described as of better quality,
covered with scattered pine of good size, large
birch, and a fair growth of maple, hemlock,
beech, &c.
Lovunt.—Surveyed by Mr. Hermon in 1876.
The timber consists of maple, beech, birch,
balsam, spruce, pine, &c. The pine about the —
Lake of Many Islands is said to be of value,
and may be got out via Deep Water River and
the Maganetawan. [
HimswortH.—Surveyed in 1876 by Mr. Chap-
man, who reports the northern portion of the
township as having been formerly run over with
fire, and much valuable timber destroyed, a
small quantity of green pine in some places
being all that is left. The remainder is timbered
with maple, birch, oak, basswood, &c., on the
high ground, with cedar, pine, balsam, and
spruce along the valleys and streams running
into South River.
BETHUNE.—Surveyed in 1877 by Mr. A. B.
Scott, who says there is not much pine in this
township, and that it is doubtful if there is
sufficient to cause it to be set apart for lumber-
ing.
ProvpFooT.—Surveyed by Mr. C. F. Chap-
man in 1877. The timber is reported to consist
principally of hardwood, maple, beech and
birch, on the high lands, while on the lower
levels these are mixed with cedar, hemlock,
balsam and pine. Pine does not occur in large
groves, but generally scattered through the
other timber, the best localities being along
Loon Lake, and the stream running from it at
the head of Island Lake, and along the main
(South Branch) river eastward. A grove of
small pine occur at the north end of Sand Lake,
but of no great extent.
Mitits.—Surveyed in 1877 by Mr. T. Byrne,
who says the southern portion of this township
contains some of the finest pine he had yet seen
in the Huron and Ottawa territory. He con-
siders this part of the township principally
adapted for lumbering purposes. The northerly
part has also some very good pine, thongh not
sufficient for lumbering purposes.
Harpy.—Surveyed by Mr. Bray in 1877, who
says on the whole the township cannot be called
a good pine township, although much valuable
pine exists in it. There is a great deal of cedar
scattered all over the township, which, though
large, 1s generally faulty and hollow-hearted.
Nirissinc.—Mr. H. Lillie, who surveyed
this township, says that on the whole it is well
timbered. In the central and westerly portions
there are large tracts of fine hardwood, consist-
ing of maple, birch, beech, and ironwood, with
a mixture of basswood and hemlock. The
maple is said to be of good size, and among it
are many beautiful specimens of birds-eye, while
the birch is frequently three and four feet in
diameter.

BRACEBRIDGE,

From Our Own Correspondent.

THE ONTARIO TIMBER SALE.

As our readers will have noticed, by an adver-
tisernent which appears in another column, the
Ontario Government will offer for sale by auc-
tion, at Toronto, on the 6th of December next,
Timber Limits covering a very large area of
territory in the Muskoka and Parry Sound
districts.

Although we imagine that intending buyers
at this sale will take steps to ascertain for them-
selves the character of the timber on these
limits, and the facilities afforded by nature for
getting it to market, yet it may not be out of
place for us to give a brief epitome of the re-
ports of the surveyors who laid out these town:
ships, with regard to the timber growing upon
them.

Mowat.—This township was surveyed in
1879 by Mr. T, Byrne, who reports that all that
portion of it lying south of concession line 10
and 11, and north between side line 30 and 31,
and the west boundary to French River, as
burnt country, and that the only pine of any
consequence in the township is to be found on
both sides of the Pickerel River, extending
about a mile inland,

Buatr.—This township was surveyed in 1878
by Mr. T. Byrne, who reports that about 11,000
acres in the south-west corner had been burnt
over about fifteen years before, and had grown
up with small poplar, white birch, balsam,
spruce and scrub pine. About 21,000 acres
lying south of con. line 10 and 11 to Kawigamog
Lake, and west to lot 23, and all that part from
the 8th con. north to Pickerel River, and west
of side line 20 and 21, is heavily timbered with
black birch, pine, maple, hemlock, spruce, elm,
white oak, ash and tamarack, while all the rest
of this township had been burnt over about
three years before, leaving not a vestige of tim-
ber.

MoConkry.—Was surveyed in 1858 by Mr.

D. Beatty, who reports that from the south
boundary northward to a narrow belt along
Wolf River it is timbered with maple, birch,
basswood, and in some places hemlock, with
scattering pine, broken with small swamps of
cedar and tamarack, while immediately along
Wolf River, on either side, the country is broken
with ridges of rock and timbered with hardwood
and pine of good quality. Along the river from
about lots 20 and 21 to its outlet the pine has
been cut off. Eastward from lots 20 and 21, and
northward from the river, the timber is hard-
wood and pine,—in many places of superior
quality.

LavurRIER.—Was surveyed in 1878 by Mr.
Henry Lillie, who describes the township as
hilly,many of the hills reaching the height of from
two to three hundred feet, while the timber is
principally mixed with hardwood, balsam,
spruce and pine, but not a sufficient quantity of
the latter for lumbering purposes. There is a
burnt district of about 5,000 acres in the S. E.
corner.

JoLy.—Was surveyed in 1878 by Mr. T. O.
Bolger. The principal streams in this township
are the Magnetawan and South River. The
only pine of any consequence is found along the
flats of the Magnetawan, throughout the town-
ship. There is also good pine in the vicinity of
the South River. Away from these streams
the country is hilly and chiefly covered with
hardwood.

Parrerson.—Surveyed by Mr. J. W. Fitz-
gerald in 1876, who says that the swamp timber
is chiefly spruce, while the uplands are covered
with maple, birch, and pine, and that a rather
extensive area of the north part of the township
has been burnt over, and the timber rendered
comparatively useless.

SrncLarrn.—Surveyed in 1876 by Mr. John
McAree, who says that in different parts of the
East River Vailey there is a considerable
amount of very good pine, of moderate size.
Isolated pine trees also oceur among the other
timber, which consists of maple, black birch,
hemlock, beech, balsam, basswood, cedar, &e.

Gurp.—Was surveyed by Mr, J. W. Fitz-
gerald, who writes that there are only oceasion-
al pines with an enormous quantity of magni
ficent black birch, with trunks three and four
feet thick, with a height of thirty and forty
feet, and which is of fine quality and color.

Macnar.—Surveyed in 1876 by Mr. E.
Stewart, who says the whole township is well

OUR QUEBEC LETTER.

From Our Own Correspondent.

A LARGE SALE—PRICES OF OTHER TRANSACTIONS | LIVELY TIMES—WAGES DROPPING—A LARGE CUT

—STOCKS WINTERING—FURTHER PREPARA- PROMISED—TIMBER SALES—EXTENSIVE IM-

TIONS FOR THE WOODS—A FREIGHT DIFFI PROVEMENTS BY THE MUSKOKA BOOM CO,—
CULTY—WRECKED CARGOES—MINING NOTES, TIMBER HUNTING FEVER,

QursxEc, Nov. 9th.—There is never very much} Novemper 4th.—Since I last wrote you things
to report at this season concerning the lumber | have been lively here. There have been a great
trade, and the present fall is no exception. | many going into the woods. The prospects are
There will be very little more timber shipped | that there will be a larger stock got out the
here this season, the last cargoes being now | present season than last. Everyone agrees that
stowed away. There are not half a dozen timber | the work is much farther advanced now than at
ships now in port, and these are principally | this time last year, and although men were
taking in deals for London and Glasgow. In| scarce and wages much higher, there is a much
another ten days the last of them will have | better class of men in the woods now, and wages
sailed out of port, and in ten days more the} are going down, $18 to $20 being about the
harbor may be covered with a sheet of ice. ruling wages now. The cut of board pine will

Since my last letter the whole of the fine | also be larger than last year, but it is too early
lot of square white pine, shipped to this port | yet to give any figures. The weather has been
this fall from above Ottawa by the Q. M. O. & | very wet for the last month or more, and the
O. R. R., and consisting of about 7,100 car | streams are all up nearly to spring level. S. S.
loads, has been sold to one purchaser,—Messrs, | Cook is taking advantage of this on the Little
A. F. A. Knight & Co. The price at which it'] East River, and has started to drive out his
changed hands has not transpired, but it is re-| timber that was stuck there last spring 3 al-
ported to be pretty well up to last published | though it is late, if the weather keeps mild they
quotations. This sale involves somewhere about | are likely to get it out.
$200,000. The drive on the Muskosh has reached the

Mention may also be made of a good raft of | mouth, but it is not sorted yet, and is not likely
white pine, consisting of square and waney, | to be this fall. Its progress has been very slow,
which has been sold during the past week, the | owing to the lowness of the water in the spring,
square averaging 48 feet, at 29 cents, and the} and so much west wind during the latter part of
waney about 17 inches, at 32 cents, the season. 1t is to be hoped that the Boom

The Nagle raft hasbeen sold here to Messrs. | Company will have better luck next year. I
R. R. Dobell & Co. For it also 29 cents has | see that they are doing some very necessary im-

been paid for white pine, but of 52 feet average, | provements, viz., on North Branch, dam at
and 32 cents for waney of 18 inches. Mary’s Lake, which is completed ; also a slide
Red pine has been sold at 25} cents for 40] at Wilson’s and another at Bracebridge ; on the
feet average, and 13 cents for 26 feet average. South Branch, a dam at Baysville, and a slide
No other lots have of late changed hands, nor | at Hannah’s Falls, both of which are completed ;
are any sales of oak or other hard woods report- | besides a slide at Grey’s Falls, on the Muskosh,
ed. Brokers state that prices have not changed | and I believe they contemplate a dam and slide
for other kinds of timber, but there being no} at Moon River. This will about complete the
sales to report, it is not, of course, possible to | improvements necessary on the rivers.
give figures that all will consider correct. As] Owing to the Government having advertised
may readily be imagined from the sales above | a sale of limits, the upper portion of our district
reported, and the small stocks hitherto held|is swarmed with timber hunters, and from
here, there is not much to winter in first hands. | present appearances, if they are all as anxious
Mr. J. Bell Forsyth is just now collecting | to buy as they are to get information, they will
details of the Quebec stocks for his annual re-| go high, for the fever appears to be at its height
port and statement. Until the various returns | just now. Nearly all the timber to be sold will
are in it will be impossible to give figures. come down the Magnetawan and French rivers,
Lumbermen’s agents are just now busy in tt a good portion of it through Lake Nipissing.
getting good lumbermen for the woods. Mr. | Some few of the mills at Gravenhurst have shut
D. B. Charleson, of Sarnia, is here and has sent | down, but the majority of the mills that get
up several gangs to get out oak on the scene of | their stock from this district are running yet,
his last season’s operations. From all that can | and will run until it freezes up, but the cut will
be so far learned, it appears that about the} not be as large as was anticipated in the spring,
same amount of timber will be got out of the} the low water having kept back the logs.
. woods in Canada this winter as last. Several timber limits have changed hands here
The packing box industry. which gives em-|lately. The Muskoka Mill and Lumber Com-
ployment to a large number of hands at Mont | pany bought from Cook & Bros. the south half
morenci and New Liverpool, threatens to suffer | of Perry, and the north-east corner of Franklin,
somewhat by a curious freight difficulty. The] it is said, for $23,000; and Caldwell & Son
Grand Trunk Railway, it appears, refuse to} sold the south portion of Franklin for $14,000,
furnish more cars to transport the boxes to the | and H. H. Cook sold six miles in Morrison for
States, on the ground that American railways, | $11,000. There have also been numerous
when they can get Canadian cars upon their} smaller purchases.
lines, run half their life out upon their own} The article in your last issue, copied from the
roads before returning them, just, as it was re-} Christian Guardian, is a little hard on the
cently alleged, was done with American mail| shantymen, I think. The correspondent is one
bags by the Canadian postal authorities. of those that likes better to write than to goand
The latter portion of the Quebec Fall timber | see for themselves. It is quite evident that he
fleet has been very unfortunate this season in | does not know what he is writing about.
the Lower St. Lawrence, something like six A number of our lumbermen are now in Tor-
vessels loaded with timber, deals; &c., having | onto as witnesses in the suit between Petrie and
een wrecked on their way home from this port. | the Guelph Lumber Co., no doubt very much
Che value of the cargoes amount to over $80,000, | against their will at this season of the year.
yut of course in some instances all, or at least a
ood portion, of the freight will be saved.

MINING NOTES. a
A good deal of competition is anticipated

rere at the approaching sale by auction of
szovernment mining lands. In Beauce matters
wre now proceeding very quietly, and rumour
says that remunerative yields of gold have been
found this season, Mr. Juncker, French engineer
from Paris, sent out purposely to report upon
the Beauce Mines, has completed his imvestiga-
tion. His report will not, however, be given to
the public until after it has been submitted to
the French capitalists.

There is some talk of opening up a new silver
nine in Charlevoix, but nothing has been defi:
\itely done so far in the matter.

Mill Refuse Furnaces.

During the last week there has been shipped
from Mr. W. Hamilton’s foundry the prepared
material for two mill refuse furnaces, one for
Byng Inlet, and the other for Port Severn.
Another will shortly be shipped to Waubau-
shene, and an extra large one will be made dur-
ing the winter for shipment to Trenton. These
burners, or furnaces, are immense circular strue-
tures of plate iron, lined with fire brick. They
are from twenty to thirty feet in diameter at
the base, and from one hundred to one hundred
and twenty feet high. With a well appointed
system of sawdust and slab carriers, the
premises about a saw mill may be kept as neat
as around a woollen factory, All the leading
mills are getting them.

Atmost Youne Acary.—My mother was —
afflicted a long time with neuralgia and a dull,
heavy inactive condition of the whole system ;
headache, nervous prostration, and was almost
helpless. No physicians or medicines did her
any good. ‘Three months ago she began to use
Hop Bitters, with such good effect that she
seems and feels young again, although over 70
years old. We think there is no other medicine _
fit to use in the family, A lady in Providence, .
R, I.—Journal.

Subscripu;zto the, CANnapa LUMBERMAN.

MILL MACHINERY FOR SALE.

A TURBINE WATER WHEEL, 50 inches, Steam
‘Cylinder, 12 inches, with Steam Chest, Shafting and
‘other Saw Mill gearing. Address P. O.
Barrie, Ont.

Timber Limits & Sawmill

FOR SALE.

Box 352,
41

The subscriber being anxious to concentrate and con-
solidate his business, on account of his age, will sell at
very low prices—

jst. His Mills and Farm near the Bradford Station,
Northern and North-Western Railway, together with
Limits in Ridout and Sherbourne.

2nd. The Portage and Canal connecting Black River
with Lake St. John, and Lake St. John with Lake
Couchiching, in the Township of Rama.

3rd. Eight million feet of saw-logs now in Black River.

4th. About 4,000 acres of land in different townships.

If not sold at private sale, the above will be offered
4o the highest bidder at some future time to be named,
as I intend to close all out and concentrate in Michigan,
where I now have mills.

All and any information can be had from Thompson
Smith & Son, Toronto, or James Durham at Bradford
Mills
THOMPSON SMITH.

4125

ak ae =|
Ses

Department of Crown Lands,
TORONTO, 6TH OcToBER, 1881.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT, UNDER AN
ORDER IN COUNCIL,

TIMBER BERTHS

In the undermentioned Townships in the

MUSKOKA and PARRY SOUND
DISTRICTS,

Will be offered for Sale by Public Auction at the De-
partment of Crown Lands at twelve o'clock noon,

On TUESDAY, the 6th
day of December next,

viz. :—Townships of Mowat, Blair, McConkey, Hardy,
Patterson, Mills, Sinclair, Bethune, Proudfoot, Gurd,
Machar, Strong, Joly, Laurier, Pringle, Lount, Nipis-
sing and Himsworth.

The area to be disposed of in the above Townships as
Timber Berths is upwards of 1,400 square miles, and to
suit all classes of purchasers each Township will, as
\ nearly as practicable, be divided into four berths.

Sheets containing conditions and terms of Sale, with
information asto Area and Lots and Concessions com-
prised in each Berth, will be furnished on application
personally or by letter, to the woods and forests branch
of the Department, or to the Crown Timber Offices at
Ottawa, Belleville and Quebec, and the Office of T. E.
Johnston, Esq., Parry Sound.

é T. B. PARDEE,

4124 CoMMISSIONER

P, PAYETT’S NEW IMPROVED

‘Adjustable Saw Guide !

Can be adjusted

saw off wit

yithout danger. You can take your
ut taking the guide off the frame.

All kinds of Brass & Iron Casting

PLAINING and TURNING done with
Despatch. For particulars address :

CRAIG & CAMERON,

PENETANCUISHENE. ly-L17

ROBERT SMALLWOOD

MANUFACTURER OF

The Patent Lever Feed Shingle,
_ Box Board & Heading Machine

(Always tekes First Prize.)

Rotary Saw Mills
IN FOUR SIZES, and other
MACHINERY for SAW and

GRIST MILLS.

SEND POR CIRCULAR. B®

CHARLOTTETOWN,

Prince Edward Island

7
i

ly

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 3

Union Street, - - - Carleton,

Warerooms, Water Street,

ST. JOHN, N. B.

Allan Brothers

(Late of Harris & Allen)
MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF

Steam Engines
MILL MACHINERY.

Ships Windlasses, Iron Capstans

and Ships CASTINGS of all kinds.

Ships Cambooses & Cabin Stoves
COOKING AND HEATING

me) iS.

Shop, Office and Parlor Stoves, and Franklins.

Agricultural Implements.

BRASS CASTINGS.

Tin, Sheet Iron and Copper Ware for SHIP and
L22-ly HOUSE use.

Special Offer to

ERAN

I

fj To any person sending me this
| advertisement and $25 within
} the next 60 days, I will send a
m Genuine WALTHAM, or
KH ELGIN WATCH.
in 6 ounce sterling Silver Cases,
Gold Joints, with a Written Guar-
antee for three years.
EF. CRUMPTON
83 King St. East, Toronto.

wrt)

Any article in Watches, Clocks,
Diamonds, Jewellery, Silverware,
Dr etc., sent to any part of Canada,
sand Satisfaction Guaranteed or
Money Refunded.
We make a specialty
of Presentations.
Watch Repairing and
Jewelry manufactured
by best workmen only,
at reasonable prices.

L SAW WORKS

MONTREAL,
Ad5G,
N
~ St. Paul

Street.

‘puvy uo shemye sorjddng [iI [ereuey
‘puvy wo skvmye sorddng TTA [eteuwey

All correspondence’address to Chas. M. WHITLAW, Sec.

ADAM MoKA Y

MANUFACTURER OF

Steam Engines and Boilers,

AND ALL KINDS OF MACHINERY.
Locomotives, Stationery and Marine Engines and Boilers, Girders, Heaters, Radia-
tors, and all kinds of Steam and Brass Fittings and Sheet Iron Work; and dealer
in all classes of Railway, Steamboat and MILL SUPPLIES.

L24-ly 144 Upper Water Street, HALIFAX, N.S.

C. H. FLEWWELLING
imeraver om Wood

* And ELECTROTYPER.
46 King Street, ST. JOHN, N.B.

ss NHWEST DESIGNS AND BEST WORK.

We~ MACHINE CUTS A SPECIALTY.
ONTARIO ELECTROTYPE AND STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY.

& Having added the Latest Machinery to my
Foundry, and secured the services of a MOST
EFFICENT STAFF OF AMERICAN SKILLED
WORKMEN, I am prepared to execute all orders
with Promptness. Satisfaction guaranteed.

124-ly

The Work Preduced at my Foundry is ack-
nowledged to be equal to any in the United
States, and Superior to any in Canada.

fa Orders from the Country Promptly attended to.
SS &e& Please address all Orders to

R. SMIT 26 & 28 Colborne Street, Toronto.
Hi cy ae) SS COIN: Sa COs

MANUFACTURERS OF PURE BARK TANNED

LEATHER BE LTIN

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .............. Ottawa, 1875

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition......... Hamilton, 1876

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition.............. London, 1877
A First Prize, Industrial Exhibition.............. Toronto, 1879
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition.............. Toronto, 1880
International Medal, Centennial Ex...... Philadelphia, 1876

None genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts,
24126

61 Colborne Street, Toronto

| THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

not as the limit of their growth ; they will grow
for centuries, but—as the period necessary to
attain a profitable size, when they can be cut
down without waste.

The Burrernvut grows spontaneously here;
its beautiful timber can be worked with as
much ease as the softest pine ; it ranks immedi-
ately after the black walnut, and is inferior to
it only in the colour of the wood, which is
lighter. Rubbed with linseed oil, it takes the
soft, rich hue of sandal wood, and if judiciously
sawn, shows wonderful marks. I recommend
strongly its culture, and will be glad to send
nuts to those who will plant them, next fall,
we gather a large crop of them. -

Wuitz Oax.—The acorn ought to be sown as
soon as possible after it drops, in the fall, as it
loses its vitality rapidly, and to avoid the great
check resulting from transplanting, it ought to
be sown at once, if possible, where the tree is
destined to remain. Its wood is tougher, and
not so liable to break when young. I think it
ought to grow with at least as much ease and
rapidity as the black walnut ; ours are rather
behind, as they have been transplanted twice.
The oak is so useful and valuable, and its cul-
ture so easy, that every plantation of trees ought
to contain a good proportion of oak, provided
the soil be not too poor for it.

Wuitt Eito.—This splendid tree recomemnds
itself sufficiently by its beauty and usefulness to
dispense me from dwelling at any length upon
it; it grows rapidly in adeep, dampsoil. I
have not grown it from seed, but by taking up
young trees from a low island, where they grow
in abundance. It appears to bear transplanting
better than the oak, walnut or maple, and can
be moved safely of a much larger size than any
of those trees.

Map .e.—If you wish to raise a maple sugary
with the smallest amount of expense and trouble,
go to an old maple grove in the fall ; the ground
is covered with a tkick carpet of seedlings.
After rain you can pull them up by hand with
the greatest ease, without breaking any of their
small roots, if you are moderately careful.
Plant them at once in a corner of your garden,
about two feet apart each way ; weed during
the first two summers with a light hoe. We
found, after four years, the trees fit for trans-
planting, about five feet high, and the thickness
ofaman’sthumb. As the ground was mellow
and free, we took them up with little damage.
Of course, there is still the objection of trans’
planting, but in a less degree than when you
seek your maples in the woeds, where their
roots are mixed up with those of other trees,
stumps and stones, and must be more or less
torn up with violence. There is an immense
difference in the comparative cost of the two
processes, which will tell upon the hundreds of

Fifteen feet and a half, fourteen feet and a half,
fourteen feet, and twelve feet, and thick in pro-
portion. Those have not been transplanted ;
now notice the difference between them and
those that have been moved.

In the fall of 1875, when they were only one
year old, one lot were transplanted, but the soil
was not favorable and they have not done well,
so far ; however, they are beginning to recover.
In the spring of 18761 transplanted another lot ;
the best are about eight feet high ; and another
lot last spring, the tallest of which are about
ten or eleven feet. All those trees are the same
age as the fifteen nnd fourteen feet trees; the
difference in size results from the transplanting,
therefore it is much better to sow them at once
where they are to remain. Plant them thick,
as the wood of the young tree is very soft, like
that of our native butternut.

It is contrary to all preconceived ideas, even
among those who handle timber every day, but
nevertheless true, that the black walnut (juglans
nigra) and the Canadian oak (quercus alba) as a
rule increase much more rapidly in girth than
our pine and white spruce. I conclude, from
counting the rings on the trees after they are
cut down, and from watching the growth of the
living trees, that black walnut and Canadian
oak generally gain one inch in diameter in about
three years anda half, while our spruce and
pine take about double that time to accomplish
the same result ; this can easily be ascertained
by counting and measuring the rings. Of course
there will be exceptions, and it would not be
fair to judge by those only ; I speak of the aver
age.

It is now time to say something of the profits,
and I must be careful to avoid exaggeration.
Judging by the growth of the living trees and
the rings of the timber, when cut, I do not hesi-
tate to say that a black walnut, under ordinary
circumstances, at the age of seventy-five years,
will have attained twenty-one inches in diam-
eter and will contain at least fifty cubie feet of
timber, the actual value of which is about one
dollar per cubic foot. (See for prices the
Lumberman’s Gazette, puulished at Bay City,
Michigan, the numbers of the 26th January,
2nd February, and 2nd March, of this year).

For how many such trees, judiciously plant-
ed, will there be comfortable room on one
superficial acre? It is difficult to find a regular
plantation of any trees of that diameter here, to
help us to a solution of the question, and the
way in which trees are scattered in the forest
and their irregular size leave but a vague im-
pression on the mind, varying according to the
personal experience of each. I am not ready to
answer the question at present for want of full
information, and will not venture a guess, but
I do not feel the same hesitation where trees

fish in America than they are in Europe? Or
is the feeling of self-reliance so much more
developed in America that the people here ex-
pect the next generation to take care of itself as
they take care of themselves? Then leave them
some timber, if you wish them to have the same
chance that you had. It was but a heathen
who wrote, more than eight hundred years ago,
““Arbores serit diligens agricola quorum fructus
numquam videbit.” ‘The good husbandman
plants trees whose fruits he shall never see.”
But I must not drift away from my subject into
philosophical considerations ; it will be more to
the point to show that the profits of forest tree
culture are not only enormous, but that their
realization is far from being delayed to an in-
definite future.

I do not pretend that the whole of our farms
should be planted in forest trees ; that would
be too absurd. Our farms are generally too
large for the small number of hands we employ ;
there are always some odd corners, idle strips,
stoney or damp patches which it does not pay
to cultivate ; begin and plant forest trees there,
suiting the tree to the nature of the soil—you
will find some for every kind of soil. Once
planted and fairly started, they will take care
of themselves, give no trouble and increase
yearly in value, in a wonderful ratio, so well
expressed by the Honorable F. B. Hough, chief
of the Forestry Division of the United States
Agricultural Department, in the address lately
delivered by him at Columbus, Ohio.

For years past, I have sought the best and
cheapest mode of re-wooding our denuded lands,
and have made some experiments ; they have
not yet been carried over a great many years,
and are, so far, most encouraging notwithstand-
ing my numerous mistakes and enforced ab-
sence at the best seasons, and they satify me as
to the correctness of the statements made by
the leading advocates of forest tree culture, TI
trust not to be charged with egotism if I now
give the results of some of those personal ex-
periments, rather than copy or condense what
has been written by others, and it will be a
great satisfaction if I can induce a few to try
for themselves.

In selecting forest trees for planting, the first
consideration ought to be the nature of the soil
where they are to be planted ; if the soil is not
favorable to one kind of tree, do not waste your
time in planting it there ; you will find another
tree that will suit the soil. After paying all
due deference to soil and climate, you must be
enided in your selection of a particular kind of
tree :—Ist. By the value of the timber. 2nd.
The greater or lesser ease and certainty with
which the tree can be grown. 3rd. The rate of

growth.
I have tried principally black walnut, oak,

FOREST TREE CULTURE.
BY HON. H. G. JOLY.

The following valuable article appears in the
last report of the Montreal Horticultural So-
ciety and Fruit Growers’ Association of the
Province of Quebec :—

The European traveller who visits only the
settled parts of this Province, is invariably dis-
appointed at the scarcity and meanness of our
trees. Of course, if he leaves the beaten tracks
of travellers, and goes far enough into the
wilderness, up the Ottawa’and the St. Maurice,
he will see fine timber, but, in our settlements,
we can only show him, here and there, at long
intervals, one solitary elm, model of grace and
beauty, and the traveller will feel, as we do,
grateful to the man who spared that tree.

On a warm summer’s day, the Desert of
Sahara, with its lovely oasis, would be sugges-
tive of coolness, compared with our country.
No trees to shade the dusty roads, to shelter the
panting cattle, to set off the neat white-washed
houses; only far away, hidden nearly out of
sight, the patch of small neglected timber which
the farmer is compelled by our stern winters, to
spare from the general slaughter, as he will die,
without fuel.

If every acre of ground were covered with
valuable crops, one would try and get reconciled
to the absence of trees, and bow to the iron
rule of our age which converts everything into
cash. But what asmall proportion of all that
ground is used profitably ! We can find plenty
of spare room for growing forest trees ; they are
not only the most beautiful ornaments to a
country, and the most useful product of nature,
giving fuel, timber, shade, shelter, retaining
moisture and a protection against droughts, &e.,
&c., but, considering the question from a strictly
money-making point of view, the culture of
forest trees is perhaps the best and safest invest-
ment that can be made.

Tt is rather difficult, I admit, to induce
people to plant forest trees in this Province,
where, for generations, they have been brought
up to look upon the forest tree as their natural
enemy, to be got rid of at any cost, hacked
down, burnt out of the way (for want of a better
mode of disposing of it), and still troubling the
settler for years with its everlasting stump, an
obstacle to thorough cultivation. The children
and grandchildren of the settlers remember too
woll ; they cannot be expected to love the forest
tree, but self-interest ought to conquer instinct
and prejudice. With us, land is not too valu
able for forest tree culture. In Europe, where
land is scarcer and more valuable than it is here,
they plant, every year, thousands and thousands
of acres in forest trees.

To those who say that our country is too new,
to think of that, I will answer that New

ay pipes

See
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Zealand, the Australian Colonies, India (so far
as the settlement of the land by Europeans is
concerned), are newer countries than ours, and
they are all taking active steps towards the
planting of forest trees ou a large scale. In the
United States, the Federal as well as the States’
Governments encourage the culture of forest
trees by grants of land, and money, and exemp-
tion from taxation, and powerful societies are
co-operating with energy and liberality. The
‘Government of Canada has begun by offering
free grants to those who undertake the planting
of a certain number of trees on the Western
prairies, but I will here observe that it will re-
juire more active measures to set the people in
notion, and especially the establishment of
wurseries, where the people can buy young trees
nd seed, and the beginning of some large plan-
ations, as an example, to show to the people,
y practical results, that the culture of forest
srees is within the reach of every one.

We seen in the papers that the Western rail-
vays have started the culture of trees on their
wn account; the St. Paul, Minneapolis and
{anitoba railway is reported as haying appoint-
J a superintendent of tree culture, who has
ust contracted for three hundred thousand
rees, and most of the roads west of the Missis-
jippi_ and Missouri rivers have also begun to
‘aise trees, in order to insure a supply of ties,
and for other purposes.

How many give as their reason for not plant-
ing forest trees, that they will not live long
enough to get any profit out of them. You do
not hear that in Europe. Are people more sel-

elm, maple, ash, tamarack, Russian pine, and
poplar, and will now give some of the re-
sults :—

Biack Watnut.—The value of that wood is
so considerable (a dollar a cubic foot at the
present time), and it is getting so scarce that it
struck me as the most worthy of being intro-
duced and cultivated here. True it did not
grow spontaneously anywhere in the Province
of Quebec, but this appeared to me no conclu-
sive reason why it should not grow and flourish
here. ‘The lilac comes all the way from Persia,
and it spreads out its leaves earlier and keeps
them unchanged later than our typical tree, the
maple, I did not fear our great colds, for in
the West, the natural home of the black walnut,
the thermometer often ranges as low as here,
though for a shorter period at a time. It was
well worth trying.

I procured a bag of black walnut nuts from
the West in the fall of 1874, and sowed them at
once; it was late in November ; we had to re-
moye the snow and break the frozen ground,
but I thought the earth the safest place for
to winter them. They began to come up about
the tenth*of June following ; not five per cent,
failed, and they have never been artificially
sheltered in any way. It would not be worth
while introducing them here if they could not
take care of themselves.

Of those left undisturbed where they were
sown, I have not lost one; they have now had
six summers’ growth. I have just had some of
them measured, so as to be certain of their size ;
the height of the four largest is as follows :—

standing in one single row, with plenty of
room on two sides, are concerned ; in that case,
trees twenty-one inches in diameter would not
be too close standing at eighteen feet from one
another. Take a farm three acres wide, with a
road across the width and a row of black wal-
nuts of an average diameter of twenty-one
inches on each side of the road, the trees eighteen
feet distant from one another, you get sixty
trees containing fifty cubic feet each, three
thousand cubic feet, worth, at the present price,
three thousand dollars.

But it will be safer to sow the black walnuts
in clumps, pretty close. They will protect one
another when young, and, as they grow, they
can be thinned gradually. Their culture will
entail little trouble, apart from the preparation
of the soil, and the sowing of the nut ; the work
of thinning will soon repay itself with the
timber removed. The better the soil, the
quicker the growth. Such a valuable tree as
the black walnut deserves to be well treated.
If possible, find some shelter against the
strongest prevailing winds for the young plan-
tation, a belt of older trees, or a hill. They
are rather soft, like our butternut; it is the
only drawback I have found out so far, but not
fatal. Even the youngest trees will get several
branches torn off and very ugly wounds with-
out dying ; they are wonderfully hardy.

The value of these plantations will increase
steadily from the day they have taken root ;
they represent an ever-increasing marketable
value long before the expiration of that period
of ‘seventy-five years which I have indicated—

trees required to make a sugary worth working.
Those small trees never fail (at all events those
we transplanted never did), while much larger
trees, more injured in the removing from the
forest, die in great numbers, and th& survivors
are seriously checked. I have been told that
the seedlings would overtake them, but have
not yet had time to verify that statement.
Maples will begin to yield a reasonable quanti-
ty of sap for sugar when about twenty to
twenty-five years old.

THE AsH.—It is well known, and its different
varieties are found very useful, especially the
white ash, which recommends itself for its
elasticity ; its wood is beautifully marked, and
is largely employed in the making of furniture,
panels, &c. It will thrive where the walnut,
oak and maple refuse to grow, or only linger
miserably. I remember part of a maple avenue,
where, year after year, the maples had been
replaced over and over, and failed; at last, we
had recourse to white and black ash; none
failed, and they are progressing most satisfae-
torily.

TAMARACK will grow in wet, damp ground ;
we have succeeded with them where even
willows had failed ; the value of its timber and
knees is too well known to require any comment
from me.

RussIan Pine ( Pinus Sylvestris ).—In making
new plantations, especially from seed, it is no
more trouble to try foreign than Canadian seed,
and, however strange it may appear, I find it
easier to procure the seed of the Russian and
the Himalaya than of the Canadian Pine. One

may find among foreign trees valuable additions
to our plantations ; such as, I think, the Rus-
sian pine, native of the north of Russia. Our
climate suits it admirably, and it appears a
more vigorous grower than our Canadian White
Pine. I cannot give any opinion as to the
quality of the timber, as they have only been
sown in. the spring of 1873. They started
rather slowly, and their height and thickness
are less than those of the black walnuts sown
two summers later, in November, 1874; but
they are now beginning to make more rapid
strides. I measured the season’s growth of one
of them last year, on the 3rd day of July. It
showed twenty-six inches in length, gained in
about thirty days, as the buds of the conifer
do not open much before the beginning of June ;
the year’s growth was already over, and from
that moment it only thickened and hardened
into wood.

Since the growing season of our trees is so
short, we ought to lose no time if we wish to
help them along, by thinning, removing useless
branches, mellowing the ground, or otherwise ;
all that ought to be done before June, so as to
afford them every chance during the growing
month. I think the Abies Wobilis, or White
Fir, of Washington Territory, is the fastest
grower among the Conifere.

Popiar.—I must beg the indulgent reader to
listen to my plea in favor of this tree, and not
condemn it unheard. I speak of the kind

- known as Cotton Wood or Populus Canadensis

(not to be confounded with the Balsam Poplar

and the Aspen). Its growth is wonderfully

rapid ; twenty-three years ago, in November,

1858, I stuck in the ground three cuttings ; it

was my first trial at tree culture. They are

now over sixty feet high, one is twenty-five
inches in diameter, the second twenty-four
inches, and the third twenty-two inches, an
average of one inch a year in diameter. In
every new plantation, in a country completely
denuded of forest trees, and especially in re-
wooding our Western prairies, I would recom-
mend, at the start, a plentiful use of this Pop-
lar, without neglecting, of course, more valuable
trees. It strikes at once from cuttings, which
can be procured and transported anywhere with
the greatest ease. Thanks to its rapid growth,
it will soon enliven the scenery (as it is a hand-
some tree), afford shade, shelter the other trees
in the plantation and supply timber, not of the
first quality, but better than none, until the
slower growing trees are ready with their more
valuable contributions, and it can easily be cut
down when the room it occupies is wanted for
better trees. This poplar has been introduced
' from Canada into France, where it is designated
as the ‘‘ Peuplier du Canada,” and considered
as a useful and profitable tree.

I must now close this long article. The re-
sults of my experiments are notning to boast of ;
practical men would have done much better.
If I had chosen the soil for the different kinds of
trees more judiciously, had not left them much
too long without thinning them, and been able
to attend to them in the proper seasons, I am
convinced that, as a whole, they would be much
finer. At all events, it shows that any one who
will take-the trouble, can begin the culture of
forest trees without previous training. I do
not speak of orchards here. Having no School
of Forestry in Canada, we must educate our-
selves ; we have got books written on the subject
by eminent and practical men, and we have got,
always opened before our eyes, the great book
of Nature.

7. wu

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The cost is trifling, only 25 cents,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN,

GRINDLEY vs. RYAN.

At the last sitting of the Court of Assize, held
at Ottawa, an action for damages was brought
by Mr. Grindley against Mr. Ryan, for tres-
passing on the limits of the plaintiff on the
Montreal river. The trial extended over several
days, the chief, indeed the only, question at
issue being the value of the timber taken, inas-
much as it was admitted by the plaintiff that
the trespass was unintentional.

After a careful review of the evidence Justice
Wilson submitted the following questions for
the consideration of the jury in coming to acon-
clusion as to what damages the plaintiff in the
case was entitled to, if any :—

1. What was the quantity of timber taken
estimated at as standard logs; plaintiff says
5,250, defendant 4,450 ?

2, How should that number of standards be
classed? That is, should they be classed as
logs or as square timber, or partly as logs and
partly as square timber ?

3. If partly as logs and partly as square
timber, what proportion do you consider to
have been fit for square timber? The defen-
dant said 55 per cent., that is 11 trees out of
every 20.

4. If you find any part of it fitted for square
timber, what was the Quebec price of it in 1880?
The witnesses have varied from 24c. a foot to
31c. a foot. ”

5. What do you allow for the cost of the
manufacture of square timber on the Montreal
River, and getting it to Quebec from there
(not noticing for the present the bad shoots and
rapids, and the bad place known as the notch) ?
Mr. Grant said it cost from 13$c. a foot to take
it from the Kippewa to Quebec. Mr. Bryson
said 15¢c. and Mr. Nagle said 17c. to take it from
Lake Temiscamingue to Quebec.

6. Was there any extra expense manufactur-
ing on the Montreal River by reason of the diffi-
culty of getting men and provisions to the limits?
Do you think the convenience of haul would
make up for that ?

7. Would there be any extra expense in getting
square timber down the Montreal River by
reason of the shoots and rapids and of the notch ?
If so, how much? What I mean is, by the
breakage and by damage done to the corners of
the sticks, and causing loss of measurement, as
it is said always happens, and by any extra delay
of the men? What percentage ?

8. What do you value the saw logs at by the
standard?

9. What would be the cost of manufacture
and driving the logs?

10. What do you allow the plaintiff (if any
thing) for waste of trees cut and left lying on
the limits by the defendant ?

11. The plaintifi’s survey cost him $800. Do
you allow it or any part of it to him?

His Lordship also impressed on the jury that
the trespass was not a wanton one, but inadver-
tant, and that no extravagant damages should
be given.

The jury returned the following answers to
the questions which had been submitted for
their consideration by the Bench :—

1, We take the defendant's statement to be
correct.

2. Partly as logs and partly as square tim-
ber,

3. We consider 55 per cent. to have been fit
for square timber.

4, Twenty-seven cents a foot.

5. We say it is worth seventeen cents per
foot to manufacture the timber and take it to
Quebec.

6. We think the short haul would make up
for the difficulty of getting m men and _pyro-
visions.

7. About 10 per cent.

8. One dollar and fifty cents.

9, Hight cents per standard.

10. Two hundred dollars.

11. Allow him two hundred dollars.

THE VERDICT.

The result of these answers having been con-
sidered by the Bench, the total amounts involved
in them were computed, and a verdict for the
plaintiff was given for $5,746.

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kK. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Forwarding and
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LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. ul

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paying 12 per cent. clear; price $9,000; and above
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b26 WM. MACKIE Propr,ietor.

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JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
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Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. ly11A

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,

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RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.
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W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

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HENRY FRASER, proprietor, (successor to Dougland
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SAMUEL WINDRIM,

MANUFACTURER OF

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Special rates will be made for page, half page and

column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
east three clear days before the day of publication, to

insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Toker & Co., Peter-

borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the

writer, not necessarily for publication, but as
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in

sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the

date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. NOV. 15, 1881.

Axpovurt ten o’clock on the night of the 4th
inst. the sash and door factory of Messrs.
Christie & Co., St. John, were destroyed by

fire. Loss, about $15,000.

THE Lumberman’s Gazette believes that there

will be a full supply of logs for next season,

even if the winter should prove unfavorable for

operations, inasmuch as there is a large number
of logs to be carried over.

A HOLLOW tree in South California has been
converted into a dwelling. Doors and windows
have been put in, and floors built for four stories,
the entrance being made by means of a ladder.
Outside the topmost room is a small balcony,
shaded by the foliage of thetree, The occupant
expects to get rich by having no plumber bills
to pay.

TuE following is a comparative statement of
the exports of lumber, &c., from Port Hope, to
to the 1st of November, for this year, and also
for the corresponding period of 1880 :—

1880. 1881.
Lumber, feet............ see. 66,471,033 69,607,346
Lath and Shingles.........+ 32,540,850 33,967,900

BRITISH TRADE NOTES.

THE disposition on the part of owners just
now is rather to hold than press goods on the
market, in the full belief that the market will
be much firmer before the end of April or May.
It is the general impression now that the supply
coming forward will hardly be sufficient to keep
the market from touching much higher prices.
Even extravagant figures are possible between
now and the spring.

We noticed at a sale some fresh-sawn oak
planks from Montreal, submitted in 3, 4, and 5
in. thicknesses, at a uniform price of 3s. per
foot cube. These goods are somewhat uncommon
in the market. "We have often wondered, with
the extensive sawing facilities at the shipping
places, that hardwoods have not come to this
market from the various ports ready manufac-
tured, That a trade of the kind will eventually
be developed we have not the least doubt,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

The parcel alluded to did not sell, the demand

just now for hardwood being very quiet.

Av Hull, though the importation has been
brisk, there is a considerable shortage on the
whole as compared with last year, and prices are

reported firm with a rising tendency.

easterly winds.

late rates.

nal, Oct. 22.

THE AUTUMNAL TRADE.

When three-fourths of the year are fairly gone
by, and about two-thirds of the import season,
the trade ought to be in a position to judge
pretty nearly what its status will be when the
stocks expected are all come forward. or shut in
by the ice, and further shipments for this year

at an end.

But the season has been so exceptional that
there is still great diversity of opinion as to the
Tf the last season was abnor-
Then,
with plenty of wood ready for shipment abroad,
prices were run up by persuading importers
This year
prices, which had been proportionately low all
last year, on account of the abundant supply,
rose on this side, because no shipments could be
made of any importance from the Baltic ports
Then
came an apprehension of great pressure on our
markets from the north of Europe, and prices
Finally freights ran
up 30 and 40 per cent., and while charterers

ruling of prices.
‘al, so is this, but in a different sense.

there was going to be a scarcity.

until the spring had nearly gone by.

began to droop again,

were hesitating importation received a check,

because buyers would not close contracts unless
sellers would guarantee a ship not to exceed a
certain limit of freight; and few transactions
were completed wfthout a good deal of corres-
pondence and telegraphing, while others went
off altogether because this difficulty could not

be got over.

The reports of the state of the timber trade

at the outports are mostly of a favorable char-
acter, and the last public sales of St. John
spruce at Liverpool were the best we have

noticed for some time past, and about 10s. a

standard higher than they were last month,
and, although business was reported quiet,
prices are said to be firm, with no likelihood of
abatement. Prices at Glasgow are scarcely so
good for spruce and pine deals as they were
twelve months ago, and 1s. 4d. per foot for
first-class hewn pitch pine of 75 ft. average
per piece is not an indication that the demand
in the Clyde is likely to exceed the supply.
There is a great quantity of timber used up in
Glasgow for its iron shipbuilding fittings. It
has been estimated that an iron ship of 1,000
tons register will use up about 400 loads of
wood in masts, spars,-bulwarks, decks, and in-
terior fittings before she proceeds to sea ; but as
the market is generally well supplied in pro-
portion to its prices, these keep a pretty fair
level. ;

Upon the whole the prospects of the trade
may be considered more hopeful than they have
been for several seasons past ; but it would be
wrong to conclude the import season to be very
near its end. That will depend on the weather
of the next two months. Ng doubt the late
gales have checked the importation and sent
back many ships disabled, which will perhaps
not come forward with cargoes this side of
Christmas, and many more will take warning
and lie by; but these things nevertheless, a

TuE importation during the past week into
Liverpool has been much more lively than
hitherto, owing to the sudden change of wind,
which has brought into port a large number of
vessels that for some time past have been de-
tained off the coast by the long continuance of
Most of these vessels have
now got to work discharging their cargoes, and
the quays are now wearing a busier aspect than
they have done for some time past ; at the same
time there are visible many large spaces either
unoccupied entirely or but sparsely filled. The
recent import has not affected the market in
any way, for a large proportion of the cargoes
recently arrived have come upon contracts
entered into some considerable time since ;
hence there are not many cargoes in the market
unsold, and those are being realized at about
In cases where prices asked cannot
readily be obtained the cargoes are being stored
to await a better market.—Zimber Trades Jour-

turn of their money.—Zimber Trades Journal.

THE WHITE PINE.

WIND SHAKES—PITCH,

19, as follows :—
DENUDATION.

of the late war.

formidable consumer, man.

stands in the state of Michigan.
ORIGIN OF THE WHITE PINE.

origin of the white pine forests.

to its own peculiar territory ?
was levelled to the ground.

of usefulnesss to man.
pine.
as to disparage the work.
on the question under consideration.

to the lake region.

very apt to spring up.

formation, called the East Sister, the Old Hen,

etc., I observed several years since that a similar
phenomenon had occurred. Theseand other facts
point to a recent origin of the pine forests under

consideration, which might not have been in
existence at the time of the landing of Colum-
bus. This fact is_more apparent when it is
stated in this connettion that the average age
of the pine is 300 years in this country ; and the
other. fact is reiterated that it does not repro-
duce on the same soil. The present pine
forests, then, doubtless took the place of some
other species, which had exhausted the soil
necessary to their existence, a phenomenon well
known to naturalists. It matters not whether
the seeds were blown there by the winds, or lay
dormant in the soil until their turn, or, indeed,
what the speculation concerning them is, so long
as the facts are inaccessible ; certain it is the
origin of the pine forests in Michigan is a matter
of several centuries ago.

REPRODUCTION.
The next question of importance is reproduc-

tion. Answers to queries submitted to over
one hundred practical lumbermen, as well as
careful observation, makes positive the fact that

goodly number of ships are likely to bring for-
ward their cargoes, as may be gathered from
the information herein referred to, and those
who stand out too stiffly for price while the
market is good may find it difficult to do as well
when the time comes for them to want the re-

ORIGIN OF PINE FORESTS—REPRODUCTION—IN-
SECTIVOROUS ENEMIES—THE BLACK KNOT—

William Hosea Ballou, of Evanston, read a
paper before the American Association for the
Advancement of Science, at Cincinnati, August

Forty-six years ago the pine industry of
Michigan had its. origin on the Saginaw river.
From that date to the present the denudation
of timber has increased in that state, and other
pine areas, to such an extent that within the
next decade the use of such material as a com-
mercial pursuit must pass out of existence.
Already the producer is beginning to look to
science with genuine alarm for such aid as
may be extended to avert a calamity which
certainly is threatening an industry the capital
invested in which would twice pay the expenses
It therefore devolves upon us
to discuss, not only the enemies of the pine tree
which nature herself has inaugurated, but also
the statistics of the destruction by the more
In a paper relative
to so extensive a subject, it seems necessary to
draw a line of discussion, and to confine these
remarks to the white pine as it was, and to-day

The first thought suggested is relative to the
From whence
came the species which so strictly confines itself
The oak, and
most other trees, are naturally reproductive,
and young trees are equally prolific in their
growth on the same soil where the first forest
They may be
transplanted on almost any territory, and with-
out any special care, speedily growing to a state
Not so with the white
It is now an almost undisputed fact that
it will not reproduce on the parent soil, and
that when transplanted elsewhere, its develop-
is marked with early decay in so many instances
Furthermore, it is
beset at once with the same host of natural
enemies common to it on its indigenous ground.

For some years past my attention has been
directed to some facts which may have bearing
The pine
of the level country east of the Rocky moun-
tains seems to have its best growth in proximity
I have noticed that fre-
quently, where a lake recedes, leaving a sandy
beach, evergreens, the juniper, pines, etec., are
Within the memory of
man, a wide sand beach near Waukegan has
been made, and on this area a miniature white
pine forest has appeared, and thrives. On some
lone islands in Lake Erie, of evident recent

the reproduction of the white pine on parent
soil is impossible as a commercial success.
There are reasons for this. The most impo ;
has relation to thé exhaustion of that vitality of
the soil necessary to this species. Other causes
have been advanced to the neglect of this,
which plainly do not bear on the case. Were
reproduction successful—and here is the grea’
practical proof—my one hundred informants
say that long ago forests would have beer
started to replace those now a fact of the p
THE ENEMIES

of the white pine are numerous. The average
of the data I have gathered tends to show tk
Pine forests began to decay before one-h
the trees were matured. The causes of st
decay are the growth of punk or rot, “wind
shakes,” and loose knots. Insects do not origin-
ate, but hasten decay.

The punk is a rot which appears in a lump on
the side of the tree, eating into its vitals. It
due to more than one cause. Opinions of writers
vary on this subject, all of whom argue in behalf
of a special cause. I have carefully examined
all of these claims, but observations in the lum-
ber regions, and talks with lumbermen, haye
convinced me that anything which affects the
vitality of the tree will produce punk or rot. It
matters not whether the tree becomes wind
shaken, or the soil exhausts, or a knot pene-
trates to the heart, or what befalls it when
alive, punk is sure to become the secondary con-
dition, followed by destruction.

Enemy number two is the black knot. This
is a loose knot, black in color, which, when the
tree is sawed, drops out of the board, making it
defective. It is caused by its imperfect growth
If there is not sufficient nourishment at the
roots to support the limb, it grows imperfectly,
and its inner termination works toward the
heart, as if to suck sap from the vitals. This
brings on loose layers and subsequent decay.

A wind shake is one of the exasperating
defects of lumber. It is noticeable in a board,
the layers of which separate, usually in triangu-
lar form, when the sawing takes place, It
occurs generally at the butt of the tree, and is
caused by the force of the wind when the tree is
standing, and by frost when the log rests in the
yard. Opinions on the latter point vary.

OTHER AGENTS OF DESTRUCTION.

There are other enemies of the lumber, all of
which deserve consideration just at this time,
when commerce must begin to economize and
obviate, so far as possible, all difficulties in the
way of making the product supply the demand.
The first of these is fire. All parties agree that
from one-half to one-third of the lumber pro-
duct is destroyed by this agent. Fires, where
they occur, follow clearings, but often penetrate
the dense forests, sometimes covering an area of
a hundred square miles. It is impossible to
secure any data on this subject, because more or
less timber is saved out of the wreck. A pine
tree that has been scorched is utilized the suc-
ceeding year, or the worms destroy it.

Insects are very destructive, the pine weevil,
Tomicus zylographus, being a foremost agent.
These attack a sound tree, but not a live one. -
If anyone will take the trouble to enter a great
log yard at dusk, these creatures may be heard
at work, the united sound of which is like the
roar of wind or water. The grub goes through
a log ina crooked line, which greatly depreciates
the value of the timber. .There is a “pin
worm,” the scientific name of which has escap-
ed me, that bores its way straight to the heart,
leaving a round black passage the size of a pin
head. These are the only insects which lumber-
men take into account in Michigan.

Get Out or Doors.—The close confinement
of all factory work, shen the operatives id
faces, poor appetite, languid, miserable feeli
poor blood, inactive liver, kidney and urinary
troubles, and all the physicians and medicine in
the world cannot help them unless they get out
of doors or use Hop Bitters, the purest and best
remedy, especially for such cases, having abun-
dance of health, sunshine and rosy in
them. They cost but a trifie.—Christian Re-

corder.
———_———_

Honesty.—It is commonly said that you can-
not make an honest man believe that white is
black and vice versa, but those who have arey
hair by using the ‘‘ CrIngaLESE Hark RENEWER,.”
will find that this apparent difficulty is easily
overcome, 50 cents per bottle,

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN. 7

ROBERT W. LOWE,
AUCTIONEER AND COMMISSION MERCHANT,

81 SANDS BUILDING, PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.

Cash advanced on Goods putin for sale. sg No Storage charged. All kinds of Merchandise
Bought and Sold. New and Second-hand Furniture always on hand. Agent for Hazelhurst & Co’s
WINTHROP COOKING RANGES, WATERLOO “WOOD STOVES, FRANKLIN, &c., &cy &e,

122-ly SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

Drake Brothers Box Mill,

Provest Street Extension, New Glasgow, Pictou County, N. 8.

SPRUCE, PINK? HEMLOCK SHINGLES

1L22-ly

FE. DRAKE. NN. EH. DRAKE.

ESTABLISHED 18280.

EAGLE FOUNDRY
GEORGE BRUSH

14 to 34 King and Queen Streets, MONTREAL,
MAKER OF
‘Steam Engines, Steam Boilers, Hoisting Engines, Steam Pumps,
CIRCULAR SAW MILLS, BARK MILLS, SHINGLE MILLS,
Ore Crushers, Mill Gearing, Shafting, Hangers and Pullies, Hand and
Power Hoists for Warehouses, &c., &c.,

AND AGENT FOR
“Water’s’’ Perfect Steam Engine Governor, and ‘‘Herald & Sisco’s’’ Centrifugal Pumps

OAK HALL
Nos. 115, 117, 119, 121, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.

We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.
We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
_ very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

( We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on yery SMALL PROFITS.

¢ NOTE THE PRICES.

_ We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........866 00
_ We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 1 50
| We give a Good Overalls for .......-...... 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
ly13

“NIL DESPERANDUM.”

125-ly

paeeetaen el

_ House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral.

J. & FF, N, TENNANT TRADE MARK Paportant to Nervous Sufferers.
—— >,

Dealers in all kinds of ARE Se NCeriebenslerandy ah

Lumber, Lath & Shingles,

7-—’& Nervous. Affections, including Sper-
Office, Union Loan Building,

matorrhea, Seminal Weakness, etc.,
@ result of Self-abuse, indiscretion, &c.
is GRAY’S SPECIFIC MEDICINE.
This is the only remedy which has
P ever been known to permanently cure
Se Palpitation and other affections of the
ai Heart, Consumption in its earlier
“eo” & TAKES stages, Rushing of blood to the head,
Wind in the Stomach, Indigestion, TRADE MARK
Loss of Memory, Want of Energy, %
Bashfulness, Desire for Solitude, Low
Spirits, Indisposition to labor on ac-
count of weakness, Universal Lassi-
tude, Pain in the back, Dimness of
Vision, Premature old age, etc. Full
particulars in our pamphlet which we
send securely sealed on receipt of a 4
8 cent stamp. The Specific is now™ anal
sold by all Druggists at $1 per pack- e
age, or 6 for $5, or will be sent free AFTER TAKING.
by mail on Receipt of money by addressing THE
GREY MEDICINE CO., 3 Mechanics’ Block, Detroit,
Mich. 24113

Toronto Street, Toronto.

12426

Simcoe House,
CORNER FRONT and SIMCOE STS.

LZOonRonmrTo,; on T.

GE? Wwe, coon ation in the City. TERMS $1.50
a8 0 per day, according to Location of Rooms,

WILLIAM HANCOCK, Proprietor.

» —«d«F LAWTON

Alexandria Saw Works

SAINT JOHN, N.B.
Sawes,of all kinds manufactured from

the BEST CAST STEEL that can be
procured in any Market.

EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SAWS REPAIRED in the best manner
and on Short Notice.

Send Address for Price List, Terms, &c.
J. F. LAWTON.

D. McLACHLAN & SONS,

Manufacturers of all Descriptions of

Role AVE... BOTT Bess

SHIPS’

NORTH SLIP, ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

WILLIAM CAMPSBELL

(Late CAMPBELL & FOWLER.)
MANUFACTURER OF

Hidge Tools, Axles, Springs,

é&C., OF HVERY DESCRIPTION.

Robertson Place, Smythe Street -

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS

Have your Boilers thoroughly Inspected and Insured against Explosion by

The Canadian Steam Users’ Insurance Association

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO.

SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President.
HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres.

22

WATER-TANKS. Repairing Punctually Attended to.

ly-120

124-ly

ST. JOHN, N.B.

GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.
A. F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. ly1l7

AVE ES SP Pa haa

Extra Stretched and Patent Smooth Surface

RUBBER BELTING—in Stock, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Plies,
HOYT’S CELEBRATED LEATHER BELTING.
COTTON BELTING, for Flour Mills. &., Superior Quality.

DISSTON’S CELEBRATED MILL SAWS.
Steam Packing of all Kinds, Rubber and Linen Hose, Silk Boltin
. i ¢ Cloth, Eme
Wheels, Lacing Leather (Page’s Genuine), Lard, Seal, Cylinder, Spindle, West vin
ginia and Wool Oils. Our Stock includes Mill Supplies and Rubber Goods of all
kinds. @Quotations furnished for any part of Canada. 21

ESTEY, ALLWOOD & CO., SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

PARKER & EVANS

SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE :

FAMOUS INTERNATIONAL

BOILER FLUID COMPOUND.

Patented 5th March, 1877.

This Compound will save its Cost many ti i i
: y times in one year by saving fuel.
It eradicates scale, and when the Boiler is once Clean & very ah quantity

"| keeps it Clean and Free from all Incrustation.

It is perfectly harmless to Iron, and emits a clear pure Steam.
In ordering, mention the CanapA LuMBERMAN.

304 St. Paul Street, MONTREAL.

L24ly

A BIG FLOUR MILL.

A recent number of the Boston Journal of
Commerce contains an account of the mammoth
flouring mill now nearly completed, in the city
of Minneapolis, Minn., from which we cull the
following particulars. The owners are C. A.
Pillsbury & Co., who also own the five principal
mills of the city :—

Some two and a half years since Mr. Pills-
bury visited Europe witha view of examining the
various mill buildings and processes relating to
the manufacture of flour in the various milling
centres. After his return a site was selected on
the east side of the river, about 500 feet below
the falls of St. Anthony, the plans of the build-
ing agreed upon, and the drawings made. In
the spring of 1880 ground was broken and the
structure commenced. It is built from Trenton
limestone, rock faced, and laid in courses. The
building is 1,800 feet long, 115 feet wide, and
137 feet high, having seven stories and a cupola.
The side walls at. the foundation ‘are 8} feet
thick and at each end the walls are 7% feet
thick. The walls of the building proper are 54
feet thick below the grinding floor, and taper to
a thickness of 2h feet in the three highest
stories. The basement is 20 feet in height, laid
in Louisville cement, and the coping, window
sills, and two bolting courses are of hammered
granite. The outside of the building shows for
itself elegance of design which is quite appro-
priate for the purposes to which it is applied.
The masonry of this building alone required 125
men nearly six months to finish. The driving
mechanism is found on the first or basement
floor. There is also a wheat bin capable of
holding 35,000 bushels of wheat, extending up
through the grinding floor. The Hurst frames
for the millstones are on this floor, but the mill-
stones are on the floor above. The second
story is the reducing floor, and when the
machinery for the mill is completed, 400 sets of
roller mills will be here, arranged in twelve
lines. Only half of the machinery has been
placed. One hundred and one Gray’s mills
have been furnished. All these machines are
double roller, 18x 9 inches in size. Sixty-four
corrugated machines, 27 smooth roller machines,
and 10 porcelain machines. There are 115
Stevens’ roller mills, and there will be twenty
pairs of millstones in the whole mill which will
be used on middlings. The mniillstones are ar-
ranged in one line against the north wall of this
story, and are elegantly fitted in black walnut
and ash, and are all provided with Behrus’
patent high pressure millstone ventilation.
There is also a weighing hopper and scales upon
this floor, the hopper holding 800 bushels,
There is also a line shaft, 120 feet in length,
from which the power to drive the flour packers
on the floor above is taken. The third room is
the packing room, where, on each side of the
mill, will be placed, when the second half of
the mill is finished, 12 Eureka flour packers,
making 24 in all. One end of this floor is parti-
tioned off for a cleaning room, and this is driven
by a separate belt. A large part of the floor is
taken up with storage bins, but plenty of room
is left for handling the flour after it is packed.
On the fourth floor the bolting chests begin and
run up to the attic. In the eastern half of the
mill, the half now running, there are eight
double and four single chests, which on the
three floors above contain 40 reels each, and on
the fourth floor above 22 reels, making 142 reels
in all, each 14 feet long. Twenty-three No. 2
Smith purifiers are also upon this floor. There
are also bins over the flour packers on the floor
below, made out of {boiler iron six feet in|
diameter, extending through two stories. In
the end of this story, set apart for wheat clean-
ing like the floor below, there are four Richmond),
brush machines, and two large sized Kurth-
Cocele separators ; also four Niagara bran
dusters. The fifth floor is a continuation of the
bolting chests, also four brush machines, four
separators and two centrifugal flour bolters, bran
dusters, smutter, brush machines, and dust
catchers.

The mill has ample facilities for receiving
grain and shipping flour, which facilities are
absolutely necessary when the fact is stated
that 25,000 bushels of wheat will be ground
every day this mill runs when all the machinery
is put in, The mill is supplied with an elevator
for passengers and freight, and is lighted with

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

the Brush electric light of 32,000 candle power.

The steam for heating the building is supplied
by two steel boilers, placed in a fire-proof build-

ing, separate from the mill; electric call bells

are on every floor, and the mill has telephonic

connection with Minneapolis, St. Paul, and
Stillwater. A central stairway, built of iron,
which is spiral in form, is one of the noticeable
features. The interior of the mill is painted
white, with red trimmings, while the roll mills,
stairways and scales are painted red.

The power for this mill is one of the noticeable

features, as well as one of the absolute require-
ments. The forebay is in the basement, is 125

feet long, 15 feet wide, built of stone, and laid in
The wheel-pits are dug out
of a solid ledge, and are 57 feet deep, being

hydraulic cement.

walled in by solid masonry. [Iron flumes, 12
feet in diameter, made of % inch boiler iron, are
used inside the pits. The motive power is two
Victor wheels, 55 inches in diameter. The two
wheels yield 2,400 horse-power, according to
careful measurements, and it is said to be the
largest power developed by any two wheels in
the world. The water is brought to the mill by
means of a canal 650 feet long, 16 feet wide, and
16 feet in depth, in solid rock. After the rock
was blasted out the sides were built up with
solid masonry laid in hydraulic cement and
arched over with stone. The bulkhead is 30
feet wide, 30 feet high, and in it are two gates,
one on each side of a central pier. A stone
arch beneath the basement admits the water
into the mill. The discharge from the wheels
is through two tunnels, each 150 feet in length,
running from the river to the mill directly under
the wheels. The tunnels empty into a tail-race
several hundred feet long, which empties into
the river. Upon the top of each water-wheel
shaft is a bevel gear which transmits the power
to a horizontal shaft eight inches in diameter,
145 feet long, tapering to six inches at the end,
which rests on a solid archwork of masonry in-
side the forebay. On this line of shaft are the
driving pulleys, weighing each six and one-half
tons, and upon which run two 48-inch belts,
each 26 feet long and double. From the line of
shaft the power is taken off by thirty-inch belts,
to drive the various machines of the mill. The
arrangement is such that if one wheel should
break the other can run the mill, and the power
of both wheels can be used together on each or
both sides.

One-half of this mill is now built, and is con-
sidered capable of turning out 2,500 barrels of
flour per day ; but it has made, by actual record,
3,547 barrels in one day. The mill, when com-
pleted, will have a capacity of 5,000 barrels per
day, making, it is claimed, the largest flour
mill in the world. The amount of power yielded
by the two mills in question is something which
can hardly be measured, by the mind, at least ;
and that a water-wheel, 55 inches in diameter,
should be enabled to transmit 1,200 horse-
power, is applying a large amount of power,
which, in this case, seems to be thoroughly
utilized. We have never before heard of a water
wheel transmitting 1,200 horse-power, let alone
two working in the same pit actually yielding,
or ready to yield, 2,400 horse-power,

Some conception of the capacity of this mill
may be had when it is stated that 125 cars are
required daily to take the total production of
the mill away, and sometimes 200 cars arriving
and departing to do the business of this mill.

Dangers of the Electric Light.
It is reported that the disastrous fire at the

Landenberger Mill, Philadelphia, on Wednes-
day night, had its origin, as the local journals
express it, in the ‘ unaccountable flickerings
and sparks from the electric lights used in the
establishment.” If these statements be correct,
it becomes a matter of no inconsiderable im
portance to ascertain from the scientists how
far these eccentricities are likely to be perman
ent conditions of the use of these lights in other
establishments. It is a serious business thus to
have life and property at the mercy of their
scintillations.—Philadelphia Bultetin.

There is more or less danger of the falling of
sparks from all electric lights. Any imperfec
tion in the carbon or irregularity in the driving
engine will produce snappping and sparking.
A simple safeguard is to place a glass cup around
or under the carbon to catch the sparks,—Scien-
tific American.

OFF FOR THE WOODS.

Probably at a thousand towns there are men
now waiting for transportation to the camps, or
hanging around looking for jobs. They are not
burdened with Saratoga trunks, and few of
them have even white shirts. Their days are
merry ones, when they are sojourning in places
of civilization, and after they shall have all de-
parted the saloon keeper will detect a material
decrease in his receipts. It would be strange if
at some places special policemen have not been
appointed to hold in check the strangers who
are stopping among them. It would be some-
what out of the natural order of events if some
of these strangers have not slept in the cala-
boose over night, and perhaps occasionally one
of them has asked a citizen for a little money to
enable him to pay his board bill for a day or
two longer or until he can find work. These
favors, however, are never asked?as a gift, but
are accompanied by a promise that the money
will be returned immediately after the first pay
day, and it might be possible to find better
dressed, and more polished men who would not
remember their debts as well.

We do not infer by this description that these
loggers are really bad men. Many a good man
has worn a woollen shirt, and been able to carry
his entire wardrobe in a big handkerchief.
Noble-hearted fellows, many of them are, who
would share their last dollar with a companion
disabled by a falling tree, or prostrated by sick
ness in camp, and the hat that is passed among

them for a suffering comrade would often make |,

the contribution plate, that circles around many
an elegant church for the cause of charity, look
mighty sick. The men in the woods will swear
at one another, fight often, and are always
ready to beat his fellow workman out of his last
cent at poker, but when it comes to helping the
unfortunate, their hearts are in the right place.

The majority of the men who go into the
pineries do not leave behind them pleasant
homes. In fact, many of them are homeless,
and, virtually, wanderers—in the mills in sum-
mer, on the drives in the spring, and in the
woods in the wititer. They float from Maine to
Canada, and from Canada to the Northwest,
ready at any season to travel in any direction
where inclination or a promise of increased pay
may lead them. They can wield an axe, ‘‘yank”
a saw, flourish an ox-gad, or hold a pair of reins,
and feel that these qualifications will earn them
a living anywhere in the lumber regions. Their
stock in trade is easily carried, and they tramp,
tramp, but always with an object in view.

The dangers of acamp aremany. The giants
of the forest will crush many a man the coming
winter under their heavy bodies and spreading
wings, as they go down before the axe that year
after year is cutting them away. The treacher-
ous binder will sweep scores of drivers from
their loads into eternity, and often, when loading
and unloading, a log will roll over the man or
men in its way, breaking limbs or destroying
life. The axe will go amiss, and, instead of
being imbedded in the wood, will strike some
poor fellow standing in its course. The men
are subjected to these dangers, and others as
well. The wages they obtain would be little in-
ducement for others than habitual woodsmen to
chance the risk, but they go into the woods in a
mood that tells little of a thought that before the
season shall end some of them, maithed, will,
with blankets thrown over them, be carried to
the nearest hospital, and the bodies of others
drawn on ox sleds to the nearest settlement, and
thence forwarded to their friends, or buried in
graves that will never be wept over, or even
sought. They probably ‘think little of this
phase of the life they are entering upon afresh,
and it is just as well that they do not.

These men possess an enviable virtue—the
virtue of good health. No weak-chested con-
sumptive, no one deliberated by any diseaes
can be included in the great army. Every mem-
ber of it must be performed. If he does not,
nothing is surer than the law regulating the
survival of the fittest will force him to abandon
his position to be filled by someone else. They
must be men who can eat pork and beans and
molasses, who can get along without butter and
other delicacies of the table, and who can work
in the snow, sleet and cold from daylight un-
til dark for six days in the week, month after
month. The business in which a logger is en-

$
gaged calls for more endurance than that of a
soldier, for in addition to exposure, the logger
is called upon to do severe manual lak
During the civil war many of the most endur
ing men in the army, and as brave as ever faced
a gun, came from the pineries of the three great
lumber states.
It need not be supposed that because of tk
hard work in the woods, and a lack of so many
of those privileges which are commonly suppos-
ed to make up civilized life, the loggers ge
dreadingly to their tasks. They gravitate to
the forest as naturally as a small footed belle
seeks the ball room. It is their life. They an
used to work and do not expect to live without
it. They feel at home under the trees, and in
the camps, where of an evening they tell
stories through clouds of smoke. The hion
and ambitions that agitate the outside

if none to them, cause them no unrest. In
certain sense they are happy, insomuch as they
eat heartly and sleep soundly. They are doing a
more important work than they are aware of.
They are filling a great niche in the world that
is necessary to be filled, and which, if it
not filled, would be disastrous to trade and pro-
gress. The blow of an axe, and the click of
saw are the forerunners of many of the bless-
ings that we enjoy, and which the ones who do
so much to produce them are forbidden to en-
joy, even if they have a desire to.

'
OTic

INTERESTING FACTS CONCERNING WOOD-
_ PULP.

Until recent years only a few varieties of
wood were used in making wood-pulp. The —
poplar was early liked for this purpose on
account of its clear white fibre and the ease
with which it could be converted into pulp.
Spruce has been considerably used of late, and
hemlock makes a good quality of pulp. A large
number of factories have been established fer
the making of wood-pulp alone and there are
good reasons why its manufacture should be
often carried on separate from the other pro-
cesses of paper making. Less capital is needed

for making pulp only. The cost of a modern
wood-pulp mill, with a ity of five tons a

day, is about $30,000, while a paper mill of the ©
same capacity would cost not less than $100,000.
Moreover, since pulp, as a commercial com-
modity, is easily transported, pulp making, un-
like the paper making process, which can often
be best carried on in or near some city, can be
advantageously conducted in an out-of-the-way
place, where abundance of timber is at hand,
and where water power, the cheapest of motive
powers, and often found in connection with the
clear, pure water necessary for pulp making, is
abundant. Formerly the wood designed for
pulp making, after having been reduced to pulp
by powerful machinery, was boiled with strong —
chemicals in a generator, under great pressure,
until the mass was digested into pulp; but re-
cently many mills have introduced the grinding
process. The wood, after being steamed soft, is
ground by powerful machinery, which almost
entirely dispenses with the caustic acid before
so largely used, and thereby saves much ex-
pense. Of late experiments have been made in
Canada with a view to utilizing the vast accu-
mulations of sawdust at the lumber mills for
the purpose of paper making, and some of the
pulp made from sawdust has been sent to Eng-
land to be tested. The idea of making paper
from sawdust is not new. In 1852, Wilkinson,
in England, patented a process of making paper
from sawdust, and a man named Johnson also
secured a similar patent in England in 1855.
Although it is very evident that sawdust could
be much more easily made into pulp than solid
logs of wood, there are several serious obstacles
that prevent the production of a proper quality
of this pulp. One is this:—In making paper
from wood it is necessary to remove all the
bark and also the knotty portions before at-
tempting to reduce the wood to pulp; but in
the process of sawing lumber, portions of the
bark and also of the knots are cut away and
mixed with the sawdust, Then, too, all kinds —
of wood are being constantly cut in the saw
mills, and the sawdust made of them all mingles
and includes much pine pitch, which renders
the whole mass of sawdust very objectionable
for paper making purposes. To remove these
obstacles and some others is the problem, and

;

dye A tee whe

i) Sir

se vei ee

SS SSS SS SSS

it has not been satisfactorily solved. Wood-
pulp is so largely in demand that factories for
making it can be established with the certainty
of doing a good business. So scarce was wood-
pulp in the United States during the past
season that some of the mills, unable to obtain
enough, were obliged to shut down on certain
grades of paper.

Two kinds of wood-pulp are used in the manu-
facture of printing paper, respectively designat-
ed as “‘ mechanical pulp” and ‘‘ chemical pulp.”
Any ordinary wood which is fibrous, free from
knots and decay, and is easily disintegrated, is
suitable for making chemical pulp, though the
whiter the wood and the less acid it contains
the better. The wood is cut into small pieces,
diagonally with the grain, by revolving knives,
just as logwood is cut for dyeing purposes. It
is then treated with a superheated bath of
caustic alkali, and afterward subjected to the
same processes as are clear rags. In making
mechanical pulp no chemicals are used—not
even lime. An ordinary white wood is suit-
able for the purpose, but poplar is preferred,
although the dark heart is not used. The pro-
cess of manufacturing is the most stupid that
could have been devised, yet itis cheap. Water
power is used, and it is estimated that one cord
of wood, with two stones or emery wheels and
30 horse power will produce the equivalent of
from 1,200 pounds of dry pulp per day, with
the labor of three men—one to attend to barking
and sawing the wood, one to attend to the
stones, and one to look after the pulp. The
wood is used soon after it is cut, or, if seasoned,
it must be steamed, The sticks are pressed
endwise against the stones or wheels, and with
a plentiful supply of water they are literally
ground to pulp, thus destroying the fibre. Un-
like the chemically prepared article, this pulp is
not allowed to dry before being used. The
damp sheets are folded, packed in bundles and
sold, with an allowance of 40 per cent. for the
moisture. To manufacture paper from it, the
addition of some kind of fibre is essential—say
from 20 to 80 per cent., according to the kind of
paper required. Good printing paper is made
from the chemical pulp without the addition of
any other fibre, and the use of it is desirable in
making even the best book paper. Some excel-
lent book paper is made of 40 per cent. of this
pulp, and the printing paper now being used by
the government is made wholly of white spruce
pulp. Machinery of the capacity for making,

say 7,000 pounds of rag paper per day, will turn’

ont from 12,000 to 15,000 pounds per day.—
Philadelphia Record.

THE COMING WINTER’S SUPPLY.

Considerable speculation has been indulged
in as to the extent of operations in the woods
during the coming winter. By many it is main-
tained that the enhanced cost of all kinds of
camp supplies, increasing the expense of putting
in stock, will lead to less endeavor being made
to put inalarge quantity. Such reasoning is
not in accord with the well known practice of
lumbermen, which is to run a lumber camp for
all there is in it, and cease only when the
weather compels a cessation of labor. It is
reasonable, then, to conclude, that no man who
has ever had a camp, will refrain from establish-
ing one this winter, provided, of course, he has
any timber of his own, or can get a job of
lumbering from others. Of course it is impos-
sible to predict, or even gtve a shrewd guess, at
the quantity of logs which will be put into the
streams, or placed convenient for the operation
of the mills; there are too many contingencies
of weather to be taken into account, but it is
perfectly safe to say that, good winter or bad
winter, high prices or low prices for provisions
or labor, all the logs will be cut that the streams
can take care of, and if the spring freshets are
ample to bring the timber from the forest to the
mill booms, it will be a perfectly safe proposi-
tion that the mills will have all they can do to
taw it. And contrary to the experience of
former years, not so long back, there is no good

_ reason why this should not be the case. With

the present prosperity of the country, largely
the result of legitimate, rather than speculative
canses, the present mill capacity is none too
great in the Northwest, to produce the lumber
a rapidly developing country demands
for actual consumption, except under the most

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

extraordinary conditions of the season, such as
great floods or drouths, that may bring ruin to
the consumer and destroy his purchasing ability,
the day of overstocks in lumber has, practically,
passed. There was a time when through causes
induced by speculation and apparent, rather
than the real wants of the country, causes the
result of war rather than of peace, the mill
capacity was in excess of the demand for con
sumption, and yearly increasing stocks of
lumber at the great distributing points led to a
loss in values, through the necessity of keeping
the money in active motion, in order to gain
even the smallest interest from its possession.
Emigration was at its lowest ebb, and the era
of development of the prairie, and more
especially of the mining districts of the west,
had scarcely given notice of its coming.

The market for lumber was then restricted to
less than half the territory from which there is
now an active demand. Ten years has seen an
increase of one-third in the population of the
United States, and the prosperity attendant
upon good crops, a revival of business confi-
dence, the development of new industries, the
extension of old ones, the unprecedented in-
crease in railway mileage, and the opening up
and development of immense states, which
were formerly known only as sparse settlements
upon an extreme frontier—all these, aided by
such an immigration as the country has never
before realized, have created a use for products
of the forest that almost forbids the belief that
it can again be said that there is an overstock
of logs in the streams, or lumber in the yards.
An increased half a dollar, or dollar, in the cost
producing logs never frightens a lumberman,
especially when he is realizing higher prices for
his manufactured stock than he ever did before ;
and when we see such prices quoted as $9 for
culls, $18 and $20 for common, and $38 and $40
for uppers, even for such timber as tne famous
Cass river pine of the Saginaw valley ; or where
we hear of logs selling at $19 per thousand,
even allowing them to be the best timber which
ever stood out of doors, and remember that
these prices are several dollars higher than the
same timber ever commanded before, it is folly
to think that its owners will be deterred from
putting it in because of an extra dollar above
the cost of other years in the expense. When,
again, such prices as we have quoted can be
obtained for the very best of lumber or logs, it
is pre-supposable that more ordinary timber
will be held at a proportionate advance upon
former rates,

Recurring to the original question as to the
extent of operations in the forests this winter,
we reply that the stocks of next spring will be
as large as the ingenuity of man—and these
men ingenious and determined lumbermen—can
make them by the aid of snow, if the winter be
fayorable, of rain, if if be wet, of logging rail-
roads, if it be dry ; the logs will be put into the
full capacity of the saw mills, which capacity
does not now seem to be in excess of the de-
mands of that great territory, North, South,
East and West, which may be said to stand
ready to consume the lumber at an equitable
valuation.—Worthwestern Lumberman.

Timber Limits.

We learn that Messrs. R. and G. Strickland
haye purchased the Dominion Bank timber
limits in the townships of Oakley and Hindon,
County of Victoria. We have not learned the
price paid, but understand that the limits are
among the most valuable in the back country.

AccorDinG to the Times, 149 new buildings
have been erected in St. Thomas this season at
an outlay of $178,350. Last year the number of
new structures was 108 and the expenditure
$133,650. There are three huge contracts on
the boards for next season—the Government
buildings, the Grand Central hotel, and the new
Presbyterian church,

Ses To 11?—Zopesa, (from Brazil) will cure the worst

case of Dyspepsia. A single dose will relieve in a de-
gree that shows its wonderful curative powers, and its
irl action upon the Stomach and Digestive Organs.
tisa positive and absolute cure for Costiveness and
Constipation, acting in a remarkable way upon the sys-
tem, carrying off impurities. As a Liver regulator its
actions are most remarkable. If tones and stimulates
the Liver to action, it corrects the acids and regulates
the bowels. A few doses will surprise] you.. Sample
bottle 10 cts,

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER. .

J. K. POST & CO.

LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.
OSWHGO, IN. Y.-

L12-ly

JAMES HADDEN,

MANUFACTURER OF

Shingles and Dressed Stuff.

9g

|PORTLAND FOUNDRY.

JOSEPH MCcAFEE,

(Late Anovse McArex.)

Warehouse, Main St., 8t. John, N-B.

AGRIGULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

MANUPACTUKER OF

Cooking, Ship, Parlor & Office Stoves

MILL CASTINGS

Ship Windlasses, Capstans, and
Ship Castings of all kinds,
(MADE TO ORDER.)

Power Capstans, Patent Ship Pumps
ly With Copper Chambers. 0

LA

Foxmead, P. 0., County of Simcoe, Ont. | /egd Scuppers & Water Closets & all

Two Planers for sale or exchange for a Boiler. b26

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

4a P.S.—A SET OF TUB MACHINERY FOR SALE,
CHEAP—OR EXCHANGE FOR LUMBER. ly116

goods in my line for Ships’ use.
Work done to Order with Quick Despatch.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission

A. L. UNDERWOOQD|Lumber Dealers,

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street Kast,

TORONTO, ONT,
FOR SALE.

The Dexter & Whitwam Manufacturing
Company, offer for Sale the Entire

Real Estate Plant and Machinery

OF THEIR EXTENSIVE

BENDING & TURNING FACTORY

Situated in the City 6f St. Thomas, in the County of
Elgin, Ontario. For full particulars apply to H.
BROWN, Manager, or E. MOORE, President. L20tf

J. T. LAMBERT,

Lumber and Commission Agent.

FOR SALE.

150 Mlls. White Pine, 1 x 10 Stock.
Tip“ o ls Gi AG

ih Pe do Pio ese

20 ee do DERALD SS
140 =‘ do linch Siding.

205 S do 14 OY

40 do 2x10 Joists.

LG ree Cedar, 3x6 ve

L9wsé Basswood, 1} inch.

APPLY AT THE OFFICE, 120

WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA.

We have added to our plant all the latest improved Th e Wal kervi | le

machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand,
FLEMING & SON,

L14 26 Colborne St., Toronto.

FORWARDERS,
ShippingsGeneral Agents
PORT HOPE.

Kenn BAUS.

PRACTICA,

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw ald Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and IRON
CASTINGS.
== Plans and Specifications on application. CER

Foundry
MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1831. aul

—

10

aarket Heports.

TORONTO.
From Our Own Correspondent,

NovemBer 8th.—The open weather of the
past two weeks has kept shipments of lumber
nearly up to the same figure as in the two weeks
preceding. The average number of cars of
lumber per day arriving here for local use and
for shipment during the last two weeks has
been about fifty, so that averaging each car at
10 M., would foot up about half a million, as
our daily receipts by one road alone; so that if
we include our receipts by other roads it would
doubtless foot up something like 700,000 ft. per
day. The quality of the lumber also has been
much better on latter shipments. The writer
noticed two trains, of fifteen car loads each, the
ageregate value of which would be in the vicini-
ty of $10,000 on the rail here.

The docks are entirely cleared, and nearly all
the lumber now being shipped goes straight off
the cars on to the vessels, and should the
present fine weather continue for two or three
weeks longer, considerable lumber will yet
reach the American market, and I venture to
affirm, without fear of contradiction, that less
lumber will be wintered over here than during
any winter for the last ten years. Most of the
mill yards will be thoroughly cleaned out of all
they have been able to manufacture, but the
quantity made has doubtless come far behind
the anticipations indulged in by mill men in the
early part of the season. The long drought ex-
perienced during the summer months interfer-
ed seriously with the season’s operations. Lath
has become scarce, as indicated in my last letter,
and it is difficult to procure sufficient to keep
the local market supplied, and the consequence
is an advance of 20 cents per M. over former
prices, and the probabilities are that retailers
will demand from $1.90 to $2.00 per M. before
the season closes.

The stocks at the various yards throughout the
city are still quite limited, more especially in
bill stuff, which still continues exceedingly
scarce ; in fact all the yards combined could not
fill a bill of any magnitude where timber and
joisting predominated, indeed, the only plenti-
ful kind of lumber on the market at the present
time is cull boards, of which there is a full
supply.

Good cherry, butternut and walnut continue
scarce, and the latter has advanced in price
steadily, $200 per thousand being the retail
price now demanded for a choice article. Cedar
posts are also hard to obtain of sufliciently good
quality for block payements, and large quanti_
ties will no doubt be got out this coming winter
to meet the demand next spring and summer,
and, in order to obtain suitable timber, higher
prices will have to be paid by contractors in order
to insure a proper supply.

QUOTATIONS, CAR LOADS.

Mill cull boards and scantling.................. $ 9 00

Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths - 11 00

SHOCKS cs ween senses 13 00

Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft 11 50

u 18 f 12 60

ae “e ae 20ft.... 13 00

se x ss 22.£b.ccruvocenene 13 50

CU ‘8 ss QE EE. vv cecrcscvnsecens 14 00

Ls > oe ZO TE.. .veeenecastuscns 15 00

Scantling and joist, up to 28 ft... ...seeceeeeeees 16 00

BO Lt riecesiovedevevecne 18 00

as Bh AS BZ TUnewesiieeeia cs einecele 20 00

Us OG ee Bali trtnren sree Gaeieteliviene 22 00

ML » s 4 iN MEauiels (vieie}s (sisivleinsiaceis 23 00

ae od SEB (OO Lu gmeai le aiaje cra caersipiele 26 00

ce Wy wy 40 _ ASE Gir sieve aielanieiate 32 00

Cutting up planks todry.........sseseesceneere 18 00

‘ [yee rac OWE HOucb bunsogeaaodbcaodds 16 00

Sound dressing stocks........-.ceeeeeeee 14 00@16 00

Picks Am. inspection...... ivsesesvsecscesere 26 00

Three uppers, Am. inspection......+.essereeees 34 00
B. M.

1j-inch flooring, GLESSCD. cece saesenseene en eeeee 28 00

1 DOLL ieisie lala’ jaieieinrete ess oyelataie @eisiey 14 00

ii os C6 STONES a's tie! slelaisinfels clerelerslelvwieietere 24 00

it s COP UMUTERSEC cuteivavcticc si <cfeoiaepia’s 14 00

cE g PNESSEU He rieielstvetentains bie bigness 20 00

a e IMU TESS eC cierels <ieinistateinielsieleintelsiete 15 00

2 Beaded Sheeting, dressed..............+8 eos» 20 00

Clapboarding, GresSed) woe es ieee cc se ens enscinns 12 50

ORK SAW. SHINGLES AGM. iiss cinisenefem se ccaisicineye 2 80

SRORGAA WIS OI SLES ei elticiate re sleie vib ine sie cieitinis ele ernalee 2 75

Sawn Lath. oc... ces vsesvenereevaevevecseess ce 1 76

Tur Causes or CoLps are getting overheat-
ed in hot rooms or crowded assemblies, sitting
in a draught, or cooling too rapidly after exer-
cise, muffling up warm and changing to light
wrappings cold and damp feet. No matter
what is the cause Hagyard’s Pectoral Balsam is
the cure for all throat and lung diseases that
induce consumption,

THE CANADA

MONTREAL.
"From Our Own Correspondent.

Noy. 9th.—The demand for building lumber
has been pretty brisk since the date of our last
report. Stocks of all kinds of lumber here are
now pretty full, but not much more is expected
to arrive this fall, as sawn lumber is now diffi-
cult to get at Ottawa. Our prices continue as
last quoted, and are likely to remain so for some
time to come. Four large rafts passed down
the river on the 4th inst. for Quebec, apparent-
ly anxious to reach their destination before the
frost sets in. The shipments from this port
since the 22nd ult. were to Buenos Ayres,
1,034,401 ft., and to Monte Video, 385,104 ft.
These are probably the last shipments for this
season, there may be one other cargo, but this
is uncertain. The total shipments to the River
Platte since the opening of navigation to date
were 10,601,842 ft., against 8,133,944 ft. for the
same period of last year, showing an increase of
2,467,898 ft. For building lumber, ex yard, we
continue to quote :—

Pine, 1st quality, @ M.......50. :ecccvses $32 00@40 00
Pine, 2nd ‘ GRUNT ccaislciatiale aoislseeie nee 18 00@24 00
Pine, shipping culls, # M...... nm pene 12 00@15 00
Pine, cull deals, NEA se te At ae 8 00@10 00
Pine, mill culls, @M...... 5 00@ 6 50
Spruce, PB Ma sscccssese 8 00@10 00

Hemlock, M......s0+..-5%
Ash, run ‘of jong culls: out, B
eM

. 8 00@10 00
. 16 00@18 00
14 00@16 00

OBI SAAB IEMs stoteteistersiy'eislala,oibstetiay ete . 85 00@45 00
Birch, ABMs elcletesora’e ainls sieteletiie) clakateruitmaiaie ul 17 00@20 00
Hard ‘Maple, COUN 7. tatetetalerelensipiakticttinial tate aye 18 00@25 00
Lievtlhi sti IME reteihia vista clsiaeibiniolers Wie efee aio arefaietal 1 26@ 1 35
Shingles: AUSh, a) Mike cny vets nnelente palsinaie 83 00@ 0 00
Bingley an dyay Nverslstneseinartelsey seinen 2 00@ 0 00

Corpwoop.—The demand for cordwood has
slackened off since the date of last report, but in
a short time, when the weather turns colder, it
will most likely revive ; prices have receded a
little. air quantities are arriving by boat
since the river has risen somewhat, and when
winter roads are good for sleighing, there will
be large lots of dry wood coming in from the
bush. We now quote prices on naa wharf, ex
cartage, as under :—

Long Merle,
Short

Long Birch. 00
Short ‘ 50
Long Beech 50
Short ‘ najae 00
Ton gvT am araokiietseaists vietelelne sie creeauterete Our iaiers 5 00
Short ONO OO RRO ier oc Re 4 50
—___.@—_____.
OTTAWA,
From Our Own Correspondent.
Nov. 10th.—The saw mills in this section are

all running in full blast, day and night, but will
have to shut down in the course of about two
weeks. There has been no lack of rain of late,
and the rise in the river has facilitated the
getting down of logs, which were stuck in the
rapids at several points on the Ottawa and the
Gatineau. The total cut of lumber for the
season will fall considerably short of the
quantity produced last year, owing to the lack
of log supply during the low water season. It
is questionable whether the cut of some of the
firms in this locality will reach the quantity
sold last spring. Some of the yards are quite
bare, as compared to former years at this time,
and it is quite evident that the quantity that
will be held over will not be nearly so large as for
many previous winters.

No large sales of lumber have been reported
for some weeks past, as most of the manufac-
turers are doubtful whether they will be able to
fill the contracts made last spring or not. There
are no changes in the quotations to note since
the last were given, although the market is firm
with an upward tendency.

QUOTATIONS :—

Shipping Culls, re’ M
Stocks......

$00 00@11 00
16 00@23 00
25 00@35 00
7 00@ 8 00
1 00@ 1 10

The freight business was fairly active during
the past couple of weeks, but is now becoming
dull, as tow steamers and barges are lying up
for the winter season. The last of the American
boats leave to-morrow, and Canadian boats are
going into winter quarters as fast as they arrive.
There was no further rise in freight rates as ex-
pected, owing to the limited supply of himber
to be shipped. It is expected that about the
usual quantity of lumber will be shipped by rail
during the coming winter.

The Government engineers have completed
their survey for a dam at the foot of Lake
Temiscamingue, to hold back a reserve supply
of water, so that it could be brought into requi-

LUMBERMAN.

sition at the low water season, and aid in the
getting down of logs and square timber.

The log drives on the Ottawa and Gatineau
rivers will be completed in about a week from
the present time of writing, More difficulty
has been experienced this year in getting down
logs than ever before, and the lowness of water
is attributed in a measure to the clearing up of
the country.

The last lumber train from the Mattawan
to Quebec has passed down. There were 920
car loads in all transported for the Scotch Can-
adian Lumbering Co. This company carries on
operations on the Georgian Bay as well as on
the Upper Ottawa, doing a large trade. They
are sending a good many men up the river this
winter, and will take out double the quantity of
timber and a large lot of logs. It is contemplat-
ed by the firm to place on the market next
season a million feet of square timber, and to
take out 125,000 logs.

All the mill men in this section are sending
large numbers of men up the river, and more
square timber and logs will be taken out this
winter than for a good many years back, in fact
more than at any other period. The outlook is
considered promising.

Mr. Edward Prince, manager of the factory
at Horse Shoe Bay, on the Lower Ottawa, has
shipped during the past summer fourteen large
loads, or some 700 cords, of match blocks to
Wilmington and Westville, U.S. Splints for
the manufacture of matches were formerly
manufactured at the factory, but the U.S.
authorities levied duty upon them, so that the
blocks were only made ready to be transformed
into splints. Several gangs of men are being
sent to the woods to cut logs for this factory,
which is connected with the Beecher, Swift &
Courtney firm.

The disease known as “‘ Pink eye ” has broken
out amongst the horses in the shanties of Mr. J.
R. Booth, on the Upper Ottawa.

Se
ST. JOHN, N. B,
From Our Own Correspondent.
DEALS.

The stock of deals continues very low, and
there cannot be much change in this respect
for the remainder of the season. The country
mills are nearly all shut down, for want of logs ;
the few deals that come into market from that
direction are selling at about $9, while those of
city manufacture are worth $10.50,

LOGGING OPERATIONS.

The want of activity in the operations for
logging, noticed in our last report, continues.
There is no doubt whatever but the cut of logs
the coming winter will fall far short of the
average, and as the streams have been pretty
well cleared of the old logs during the past
season, the supply for next year’s sawing must
be very limited indeed.

FREIGHTS.

The freight market can scarcely be said to
have undergone any change. The last charter
reported was the Andrew Johnson, 2,005 tons,
for Liverpool, at 56s. 3d. ; this being a very
large ship, this figure may be considered rather
below the market rate, which we would quote
about the same as in our last, say 57s. 6d.

SHIPMENTS.

The shipments of deals and other sawn lumber

are as follows :—

For Europe....... veeheeveesesee et 6,337,000 Sup. feet.
“ United States............ see» 3,109,000 ee
RE ATION Asus water Aub, vanahicns ; 728,000 oa
S¢ Australian ccavevssveusateveeves 1,828,000 %
SHIPPING.

Our shipping list shows quite an increase,
and as a number of vessels have yet to arrive,
the prospect is that we shall have no deals left
for winter. A somewhat interesting occurrence
took place here on Saturday, in the sailing of
two large ships for Australia, viz., the Maliville,
924 tons, and the Walter D. Wallet, 1,413 tons,
both with deal cargoes, amounting to 725,000
feet, and 1,103,000 feet respectively. The inci-
dent is noteworthy as indicating the develop-
ment of a comparatively new department of our
wood trade, a very few shipments having been
previously made direct for that destination,
Both ships are cleared for Adelaide for orders,
and it will be interesting to note the time of
each on their arrival at the Antipodes. We
wish them ben voyage.

The following is a list of the vessels in px
with their tonnage and destinations :— 5

Wm. Stephenson, 749, United Kingdom. -

Pusnaes, 503, Dubli

Vandyck, 1,377, Liverpool or London.

Topaz, 196, United Kingdom.

St. Joseph, 285, East Coast Ireland.

Loining, $21, United Kingdom. _

Sybilla, (s), 1,229, Liverpool, Glasgow or
Channel.

Angel, 193, Mediterranean.

Paramatta, 925, ——

Lord Palmerston, 649, Cork.

Latona, 945, Liverpool, London, or Bristol

Bertie Biglow, 1,142, Liverpool.

Wickham, (s), 1,124, Liverpool, London, or Brist«
Channel, 4

Andrew Johnson, 2,005, Liverpool.

Thos. N. Hart, 1,200, London,

L. H. D’Vehed, 599, ——

Oliver Emery, 623, ——

E. M. Gregory, 387, discharging.

Sea Bird, 333, waiting. 4

Kodiac, 420, —

Nov. 7th, 1881.

rs
CHICAGO.

The Northwestern Lumberman says :—The
cargo market, during the past week, has not
only been a smaller one than usual, but as well,
remarkably quiet. The weather has not been
favorable for dealers to ‘‘ hang around” looking
for bargains, and the attendance has been
scarcely up to the average. The offerings have
not been large, and although each day has
shown some cargoes awaiting purchasers, and
each day has seen the fleet nearly or quite
cleaned out, the fluctuations in prices have been
very slight. Ordinary piece stuff, which is the
barometer of the market, has sold at $10.25 and
$10.374 to $10.75, while long lengths have rang-
ed according to the proportion in the cargo, from
$10.50 to $13. The better grades of lumber have
ruled firm throughout the week.

Shingles have been in slightly better favour,
sales being made at $2.37} for brands which had
not been previously held above $2.35. Quota-
tions at this writing stand at about $2.20 to
$2.30 for standards, with A bringing from $2.374
to favorite brands at $2.65, at which latter rate
a cargo was sold October 1.

Freights have been rather dull and inactive,
and many vessels are going into winter quarters
from inability to meet expenses. The advanc-
ing wages and the high cost of provisions, the
inclemency of weather which may reasonably be
expected during the month of November, is
ordinarily compensated somewhat by increased
rates of freight ; but the outlook for a profitable
month to the vessel interest is anything but
promising.

CARGO QUOTATIONS:

Joistand scantling, green, 0 25@10 75
Joist and scantling, green, 20 feet and over 12 00@15 00
Mill run, choice green... ..++seeeseeeeees 16 50@21 00
Mill run, medium, green...... .....++++. 13 00@16 50
Mill run, common, “S . «..sseeeeees 11 75@13 00
Shingles, standard...... ......» commeedue 2 2@ 2 35
oes extra A.ncsc cassnuncenssasesm 2 35@ 2 60

ce cancuceuceul emu Sas as tn o-. 18@190

Rene rene eens

The conditian of trade at the yards in this
city has not materially changed from that of
last week. The weather, much of the time, all
over the country tributary to Chicago, has been
unpropitious to trade, but, notwithstanding
this fact, a fairly active demand has prevailed,
orders coming in quite freely. The call for
lumber in the interior is, with most dealers,
fully equal to their ability to supply it, on
account of the difficulty in procuring cars
promptly. Some trouble is experienced by in-
dividual concerns in always finding the requisite
amount of stock dry enough to ship to fill orders,
though it is asserted that there is enough in the
district, if it was only equally distributed among
the dealers. The fact is, no doubt, that dry
stocks are much broken, and in many in-
stances run down. This is an indication that
the volume of trade during the season has been
heavy, The lowness of dry stocks on the Miss-
issippi, and the dubious condition of the manu-
facturing interests along that river, will likely
make a loud demand for all the available lumber
here, and this fact should tend to stiffen prices,

‘he late soaking rains have put stocks in bad

condition for shipment, on account of the extra
eight lumber has taken on by absorption of

dampness.

Receipts and shipments of lumber and shingles

for the week ending November 2 :—

RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS.

Lumber, Shingles. Lumber, Shingles.

...42,413,000 20,900,000 45,120,000 18,160,000
we DL 695, 000 17, 820, 000 41, 614, 000 18, 660,000

eespts and shipments of lumber and
ingles from January 1 to, and including,
November 2 :—

RECEIPTS. SHIPMENTS.
Lumber. Shingles, Lumber. Shingles.

.1,618,365,000 691,652,000 1,555,773,000 746,690,000
0. 0.1362, 836, 000 562, 378, 000 L 786, 1652, 000 622, 874, 000

: In. ..255,529,000 129,274,000 269,121,000 123,816,000
STOCK ON HAND NOVEMBER 1.

f

1881. 1880, 1879.
eae 541,763,015 509,304,599 414,575,858
as 241,445,200 178,985,000 153,274,000
Cae Re oae AG 38,333,925 52,459,483 31,612,310
be scot. : 2,788,430 1,823,194 1,148,966
ar posts...... 211,048 85,904 85,904

—___@—_—__
BOSTON.

The Journal of Commerce says :—Reports

coming in show the market to be as active as
for any previous week. The call for pine stock
s immense, and many large orders have been
filled. Dealers who possess good stocks of No.
1 grades feel that they are in a position to reap
great harvest, if present indications do not
fail. The amount of building going on and in
contemplation is drawing largely on the supply
western lumber. This fact, together with the
e in freights, is likely to strengthen values
ery materially. Hard woods continue in good
demand, especially black walnut. Basswood,
which has been somewhat quiet, is quoted at

$25@30. Ash has not been neglected, and some
very fair sales have been made. The following
are cargo prices :—

CANADA PINE.
Meets, Dressed. cide oo ccccendesaccesscs $48 00@50 00

Shelving, Dressed, Ists..........°....... 40 00@42 00

a PANE alta oi ins alas ol= «15> 33 00@35 00

Shippers............ eeeueeesees 27 00@29 00

Bed BOX teececwcn's Puemiccesee cress AS 0O@20 00

eathing, Ist quality.........2.s0esee0s 42 00@45 00

” 2nd . 34 00@35 00
—__—_—@—___<_—_

ALBANY.
Noy. 8th.—The Argus says we have a steady
trade to report in pine lumber, with ample re-
ceipts and a well-assorted stock. The ship-
ments, both from the river and canal sides of
he districts, continue to be freé to the south
md east by barges and by vessel. Prices are
teadily maintained.
Hardwoods are in good supply and demand,
ind are unchanged in prices.
Coarse lumber is arriving freely, and is in
large demand at quotations ; the demand does
not permit any accumulation of stock.
‘The receipts of lumber by lake at Buffalo
for the week ending November 7 were 11,600,-
000 feet, and by rail 61 cars. The receipts by
ake -at Oswego for the week were 4,609,000

he receipts by canal at Albany from the
pening of navigation to the 8th inst. were :—
Bas. gai ,ft. Shingles,m. Brae te Staves,lbs.

B0.. "340,627, 500 6,379 10, 635 638,200
Freights from Bay City to Buffalo and Tona-

$3.00 8 M.; from Saginaw, $3.25, From

on nda to ‘Mibiny, $2.45 to $2.50, From

swego to Albany $2.00. From Port Hope to

ego, $1.40. From Ottawa to Albany, by

5, $3.50 Y M. feet.

River freights are steady :

pew York, @ Mft...........-.---0+2-- 3

@1 00
@1 374
@1 37}
, Fall River and eset! . 2 00@2 25
ervaee Dp 25@2 50
Se pegciscvee L L@U:30
@2 00
@2 00
@1 75
@1 75
@2 00

Se 8 Per eee ee eee fewer

TONAWANDA.

G0 LOTS—SAGINAW INSPECTION.

Dec sbevcedeverscsrrreserseseee+ 17 N@W 00
a deneanee Seobs eben SORE ee oot 11 H0@12 60

A

THE CANADA

Le) ahi ii

THE MOBILE, ALA., LUMBER TRADE,

Through the kindness of Messrs. Guy Bevan
& Co., of St. John, N.B., and Mobile, Ala., we
are enabled to give the following particulars
with regard to the lumber trade of Mobile for
the year ending the 31st of August, last :—

LUMBER.
This branch of trade, which is one of the

most important of the pitch pine trade, and one
of the leading industries of Mobile and South
Alabama, has greatly improved during the past
year, and extended its trade to new markets.
A good demand prevailed the entire year, and
our mills were kept busy in preparing lumber
for shipment ; in fact, they had at times to re-
fuse orders, as they had more than they could
supply, and at the present time the demand is
in excess of the capacity of the mills, Nearly
four million feet of cypress lumber was shipped
during the year from Stockton to New Orleans
and Texas in vessels having coasting license.
We have omitted this amount from our table as
we have no record of last year’s shipments,
The number of mills in this county and on the
Eastern Shore tributary to Mobile, are twenty-
one ; there are also two new ones building, and
they will probably be in operation the coming
season. The following table is made up from
Custom House clearances and such other coast-.
wise shipments 2s we could obtain from vessels
leaving this port ; we have no way of obtaining
shipments by all the vessels having coasting
license, or by rivers and railroads to the in-
terior :—

FOREIGN,

1880-1. 1879-80.
CUba pe evjamstitaislewe ureleielee) 2000040 957/440
IAWIAICA wel ai plop ins acre einiasialn ic 1,598,067 974,655
Great Britain......,.. 1,647,651 582,962
ary bike ao eects Nestea 1,607,214 530,925
MUninigad aspera nciastsieys ie ncte 558,734 870,619
Rio de Janeiro ........ 414,554 736,200
exico. AG 255,170 1,383,222
Reancer dettatasdonn ane 1,545,626 1,525,715
Germanyicssiscscec. auisidioteisreiete 450,833 723,901
WarloUsiensie bieciiciisbinc eee ez, 4iOo2s 1,882,301
Motalancseeemianact acts canes 12,613,817 11,168,030
WAL Gre lajancicinie dlelsin\uslataine ++» + $188,551.62 $149,396.98
COASTWIBE.
880-1. 1879-80.
IN@W YOY. cj elejsier oie wielsisicielsiein/s 600,473 1,898,215
TETAS Son Nite nab ae is cat niene , 2,648,805 476,000
IBGStOM).. siatelelelersliaye sretsichale wae.) 130303000 895,188
Philadelphia.......... isisideteuses 656,573 1,105,000
ESAUTAINOKG sets aie in ofoleraisip eisiatss atc 6 sistas 622,500
New Haven.......... Breas vistenriais OE OA om in ao
WWI areata siudato waleialieleccvin's bie 322,000 407,295
Matalee toro lence: 5,547,563 5,404,198
Total shipments, “Foreign and
@ Dash wason catia camekntes 18,161,380 16,572,228

HEWN AND SAWN TIMBER.
We are now at the close of one of the most

successful seasons in the pitch pine trade ever
enjoyed by this port. The supply of timber
throughout the whole season was regular and
sufficiently abundant to enable shippers to give
their vessels a fair despatch and avoid the
annoyance and expense of demurrage, so notice-
able during the previous season, and yet it was
not too abundant to prevent cutters from realiz-
ing remunerative prices almost up to the close
of a protracted season. The markets in Great
Britain from the close of the season of 1879-80
until early in the present year were very firm,
‘and prices, for large average timber especially,
were high. Large sales were early effected,
while prices were at their highest, and as the
supply of stock and vessels to remove it were
sufficiently abundant at moderate rates to enable
shippers to perform all their contracts, they en-
joyed a very profitable season’s work. But, as
is always the case in the timber trade, no sooner
do the markets of Europe offer inducement to
importers than the tradeis overdone, the markets
glutted and prices dropped below the cost of
importation, and the past season was no excep-
tion to the rule, aided no doubt by the 8ym-
pathy of the timber trade with that of iron,
which has been drooping in price since early in
the spring. Although the prospects for next
season’s shipments look gloomy enough at
present, still there seems but little doubt but
that prices will revive when the shipping season
fairly reopens, and we will probably see a steady
demand for all classes of pitch pine goods (but
especially for the larger average of hewn timber)
throughout the coming season at prices that
will have a fair margin for both shippers and
cutters, We are lead to this belief from the
fact that the crops throughout Europe are un-
usually good, and consequently the tone of the
market in nearly all branches of trade steady
and firm, The immense proportions that ship-

elaine on both the East and West coasts of
Great Britain is assuming must also be consider-
ed an aid to the revival of the timber trade. It
is true that the vessels are almost entirely con-
structed of iron and steel, but it must be borne
in mind that the internal fittings (in the con-
struction of which pitch pine is
item) are still the same, but on a much larger
scale. Therefore, with these facts before us it
does not seem improbable that the ensuing
season will he a fairly good one. We append
our annual statement of the shipments of pitch
pine to Europe, &c., by which it will be seen
how rapidly this branch of trade is increasing
in importance at Mobile :—

an important

HEWN TIMBER.
Cargoes. Cub. ft. Value.
US8O-SUG i. vee ta vols one ve 41 1,364,980 $186,229.28
ESTO-BO0 nnioaoteleielereivvers aisieiale 19 524,932 64,095.47
STS-1Ondteisistslern| sites» Apa! 245,507 30,679.08
1877-78. ily 467,521 54,627.36
Wy Hifodiacnccsonnn orgs 19 491,096 63,314.60
BID-1Oci015 s asie alate dln alae 12 279,530 33,543.60
STA=1 Deletes Wy clsisisiinie sie 5 128,152 16,187.18
SAWN TIMBER.
WEE oanconodnocdpnonc 28 371,906 52,368.45
STO; SOstenienetelaistrstsvaletaielets 15 223,075 26,540.43
IS BUT Oa ersteie cteleicteeieveleletetate 65,519 8,235.87
1877-78....++. dleieiejsio 8 pie\sie.s 2,248 250.86
UST B= 71'n xivieisio o/civieietetst> a) olela 74,881 9,435,38
STAVES.

The high price paid for timber last year
caused more time to be devoted to timber and
less to staves, which caused our receipts to be
very light and smaller than they have been for
years. During the past year a good demand
prevailed, and prices ruled from $10.00 to $15.00
per thousand higher than the previous year.
Present prices will no doubt be maintained
during the coming year, as prices and demand
have greatly improved in Europe, and the indi-
cations are that during the early winter months
staves will probably be $10.00 per mille higher.
Nearly one-half of this year’s shipments were to
Spain. Prices of No. 1 stayes have ranged
from $120.00 to $130.00 per thousand. The
foreign exports for the past three seasons have
been as follows :—

T880-815 cence caparecerevianenes 91,462 $11,316.27
1879-80...... Sjadhockonguoonne 121,460 13,351.21
1878-79. ecsccerecere SOHOOOOCCrE 120,052 13,594.50
TOtAls vcs verecss severseces. 332,974 $38,261.98

SHINGLES.

During the past season shippers were fortu-
nate, as the market was plentifully supplied and
they did not have to contend with a ‘‘scarcity ”
like they had the first part of the previous
season, this caused prices to rule low and made
Mobile the cheapest market in the world. Our
shipments to foreign ports show a decrease, but
those to coastwise ports show a large increase ; in
addition to this, the shipments by rail, &c., to
the interior of Alabama, Mississippi and
Georgia, is estimated at 10,000,000 shingles.
This shows that the decrease to forign ports has
been made up by a strong domestic demand.
According to the Custom House records, the
shipments have been as follows :—

Foreign. Coastwise. Value.
1880-81.... -.» «. 4,110,250 724,000 $23,538.80
1879-80 4,689.200 200,000 19,174.00
1878-79 . 3,702,300 191,000 17,361.20
1877-78....005- . .3,710,300 109,500 17,553.65

The Time to Cut Timber.

Experience teaches that the best time to cut
timber is in the summer when in the most rapid
season of it’ growth, and while that season is
drawing to its close. The highest authority on
this subject advises that the same rule be fol-
lowed that skilful nurserymen observe in per-
forming the operation of budding—that is, just
as the terminal bud on each branch begins to
form—as soon as it is first evident that the
growth of the branch is about to terminate, but.
is still in active progress. Experienced tree
propagators have found that much earlier than
this the juices of the tree are in too thin or
liquid a state to form good adhesion between
the bud and peeled surface. From the moment
the bark separates freely from the wood, these
juices continue to thicken until growth ceases
altogether, and the new wood is completely
formed, and, when this new wood is in the state
of a thick paste, then is the time that the bud
will adhere most perfectly. This is the period
when the bark may be pecled from the tree
without destroying its vitality, and this is the
time for cutting timber. Early in the spring
the tree is full of sap, which is little else than
pure water, and which has been gradually accu-
mulating through the winter by the absorption

| of the

12d10

li

roota, with no outlet for its escape, as
there is in susmmer through myriads of leaves.
While the tree is thus replete w

the worst condition to cut, but

ith water it is
rtion

leaves and

in
wv hen a po
of this water has passed through the
the rest has been much thickened by conversion

into material for wood, then is the time for cut

ing it.
SS

HAGYAED’s YELIX O1L will be found in
valuable for a)l purposes of a family liniment.
linmediate relief will follow its use in all cases
of pain in the stomach, ! s or sides ; rheu-
uiatism, colic, colds, +) s and bruises. For
internal and externa) use. It hae no equal in
the world for what it is recommended. For
sale by all dealers at 25c. per bottle.

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.
Emory’s Bar to Port Moody.

NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS.
Tender for Work in British Columbia.

EALED TENDERS will be received by the under-

signed up to NOON on WEDNESDAY, the let
day of FEBRUARY next, in a Jump sum, for the
construction of that portion of the road between Port
Moody and the West-end of Contract 60, near Emory’s
Bar, a distance of about 85 miles. 5

Specifications, conditions of contract and forms of
tender may be obtained on application at the Canadian
Pacific Railway Office, in New Westminister, and at
the Chief Engineer's Office at Ottawa, after lst Janu-
ary next, at which time plans and profiles will be open
for inspection at the latter office.

This timely notice is given with a view to giving
Contractors an opportunity of visiting and examining
the grounds during the fine season and before the
winter sets in.

Mr. Marcus Smith, who is in charge at the office at
New Westminister, is instructed to give Contractors
all the information in his power.

No tender will be entertained unless on one of the
printed forms, addressed to F. Braun, Esq., Sec. Dept.
of Railways and Canals, and marked ‘‘Tender for

CoP RY
F. BRAUN,
Dept. of Railways and Canals, Secretary.
Ottawa, Oct. 24th, 1881. i

7L25

LEATHER
BELTING.

Chipman, Renaud & Co.

MANUFACTURERS OF

LEATHER BELTING,

PIRE ENGINE HOSE

LACE LEATHER, &c.
124 & 126 Queen St.

DVL) Ee ee ees

L25-ly

=] if youarea
man of let-
ve stoiling overmud
t work, to res-&

f Whoever youare,
Rwhenever you feel

=

: ine cubéntoxioatt O> laps
take Hop
aBitters.

Have youdys-
Tid ney,

& Toronto, Ont.

12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

A. WORDEADB! DAVID JONESY’

ELECTRICIAN, CELEBRATED
4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONTARIO. Cast Steel Tab le Cutlery |

Yas-Best Cast Steel, Warranted.

Trusses for HERNIA, Ruptutre,|tage t001 ¢ cuttery Works, Woodstock, N.B

M WSo TESS? E 121-1
The most Durable and Beneficial kind known to Medical Science always in Awarded Diploma and Medal by the New Brunswick Government in 1873.

Stock, and fitted to the Body at Reasonable Prices.

parrertes For BaTHs, |The Best Axes in the World!

Single, Double and Triple Steel, 28 Patterns.

Of Special Sizes, made to order, both for Public and Private Use; and
FRDIC B ATTERIES always on hand. PRICES LOW. lyul7

Warranted Good or Exchanged.

Sis SES 7
And Burrell’s, Warnock’s, and Dundas Axes, made specially for the Lumber Trade,
Ife L th repacked any weights without extra charge. Lindsay Pattern of Broad anfi Blocking
aCe Ca OL; Axes. LANCE TOOTH SAWS, warranted good. P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.) 4
LEATHER BELTING. 24 CUT FILES. LATH YARN. Mill and Shanty Hardware.
No. 1 LARD OIL. Heavy HAMES, BUCKLES and HARNESS TRIMMINGS. ;
Ballard and other RIFLES, from $10 each. Large assortment of CARTRIDGES. |
:
3
‘
:

Mill Supplies, &c.

ly-L18

National Manufacturing Company

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

GRORGE STETHEM, Peterborough, Ont.

Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware. 12n.17

manufacturers of Tents for en, Sy smen, mp etings, Photographers, Lawn and
military Encampments, with or without extra roofs, allsizes and styles, white or fancy striped,
mildew proof or plain, Prices from $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP
FED Tl BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent-
=—— ed; size when folded 2x 61in.; 3 feet long, welghing
2 only 11 pounds, but strong enough to bear the
4] weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-
J covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises.
Special rates to Lumbermen. Send for cata-
logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
b27 202 Sparks Street, Ottawa

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, 13

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

mA ML ELITON, CAIN ADA.

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEBL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS O/F THE CELEBRATED

EMERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

\, And Specially Adapted

For Saw Gumming

These Wheels are |
Wire Strengthened |

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE:
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, | JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ.,
GALT. MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO., Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,
ST. CATHARINES. TORONTO.
WE ALSO REFER TO
WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,
Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. Lumber Merchants. Pee

14 | THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

~— Northey's Steam Pump Works Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

BOILER FEED PUMPS, MINING PUMPS,

AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, | PUMPS ‘SPECIALLY ADAPTED for The Best A rticle ever O fered to the Trade.

STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and OIL PIPE LINES,
WRECKING PUMPS. And CITY WATER WORKS.

No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SHIND FOR CIRCULAR. LI7-ly

ANAT
iain

roret eit
ca ie CTE

at
S—

ae ea oa

CARRIES OFF THE HONORS OF 1880 AS FOLLOWS:

At Toronto Industrial Exhibition, Ist Prize, Diploma & Medal for Best Square Piano
At Hamilton Provincial Exhibition - - - - - I|st Prize and Diploma
At Brantford Southern Fair - =: Re - - - Ist Prize and Diploma

At Guelph Central Exhibition - - Ist Prize and Diploma
I2-SEND FOR CATALOGUE.-@X

RAINER, SWEETNAM & HAZELTON,

MANUFACTURERS,

GUE ON TA to

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.

‘TepSIN PIOH puy

GLI ‘UOMIGQINxXE Lewysnpul ‘UeZ1O 1O[IVg 10j fepe~wW AIUO

VY
hai

.-Provincial Exhibition 18'71
.Centennial Exhibition, 1876

i M4)
a |

WH RHECHIV HD

SLAL ‘MOMIGIUXm TejourAorg ‘weSIO JO[Ieg 10J reper AITO
Galea 7 ee fe es cok eed eS

International Medal and Diploma, Sydney, Australia, 1877

Ossi ‘eleqysny ‘foup4g hy: Poa ae GOGO I0007

Medal and Diploma..... .......
Medal and Diploma............

The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Lar, 1 the British Empire, and the fact that
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market. We GUARANTEE ALL
OUR ORGANS for five years Correspondence invited, Illustrated Catologue mailed free.

WY i Sana) ae

L17 41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GUELPH, Ont.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STO
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sk
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connee
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows =

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 2 x 2

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimon
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
commenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well known and

reliable, and wil carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do. ;
The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3), 1880. j

Apam HAut, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lum
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. F
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove | have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.
Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,

.

it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives. We can recommend it highly.

PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.
Apam HALL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and
IRWIN & BOYD,

Yours truly,

Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.

PETERBOROUGH, June 3rd, 1880.

A. Hau, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business, Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for

Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices. i

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

Sern. a. ar

&

THE CANADA DUMBERMAN. 5

LUMBERMEN?™ Making wn tts New Proe

Will always find a Large Stock of

hanty Blankets

AND

‘HORSE BLANKETS

At LOWEST Mill Price, at

‘Bee Send Sample Order for our LINED SHAPED
HORSE RUG, a pecialty highly recommended for

Wear and Warmth

6122

> A. LEARMONTH & Co.

ENGINEERS AND FOUNDERS,
MANUFACTURER OF

Steam Engines, Rotary Pumps, of all sizes, for Paper

and Pulp Mills, Steam Pumps, and a Variety of other

Pumps, Propeller Engines for Yachts & Tow Boats.

L24-ly
| Iron Railings, Hoisting Machines for Stores, Jack Screws, Park
Mills, all kinds of Machinery for Mines, Saw Mills, Flour Mills,

St. Paul St., GU is a Se -

a
ABRAMS & KERR

MANUFACTURERS OF

Rican Engines, Mill Gearing,
Planers, Hangers, Pulleys, Variety Moulders.

.

Latest Improved Spool and Bobbin Machinery.
Every Variety of Heavy and Light Casting.

Foundry and Machine Shop on City Road,

SPECIAL MACHINERY MADE TO ORDER

L24-ly

. A OH N, NEW BRUNSWICK. WIRE ROPE. Mention this Paper.

GRAY'S PATENT

NUISELESS RULLER MUL

A Model of Perfection /
Every Mill a Success :

~s

Smooth Iron or Porcelain ROLLS.

‘SOIVIG POPU OUD JO SMOTTW
DAIUMOSIAAY OUP [LV AG POSM OAV STW AOTPOY osoyy<aw

CORRUGATIONS of all Descriptions.

The Machine is Perfect in all its adjustments, and RUNS
WITHOUT NOISE.

It is doing Better Work than any other Machine in use.

Automatic Lubrication of Principal Bearings.

Driven entirely by BELTS.

Differential Speed always insured.

WEYMAN’S NEW IMPROVED ey

Rotary Mills, ha fting, |The BEST ROLL FOR MIDDLINGS in the world. Over 6000

in use in this country and Europe. Send for particulars.

MILLER BROS. & MITCHELL,

Nos. 110, 112, 114 and 116 KING STREET

MONTREAL.
SOLE LICENSEES FOR DOMINION.

Manufacturers of Improved Hoisting Machinery, MINING
and CONTRACTORS’ PLANT. Importers of BEST STEEL
L24-ly

=

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-millsin tlie United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 eacb, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges A
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, 8aw Gumming Wheels have become as staple

an‘article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes instock, j
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth atatime. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round

or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of all in use are beveled, . y

Tne principal sizes are: . |

10 i +H

8x4 oy x “i

af Bs 10x a 12x} Holes |

a \ # in. hole. 10x4 f # in. hole. 12x8 ( 2,Zand1 cick :

10x2 12x# | ‘

12x J ,

Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12x} are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used, 4%
however, of all sizes up to 24x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won't touch it. i
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those ;
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly asecond time (after going all over it once), and this second a
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale,

A QU HS TLON OF OV ee t

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers 1n, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the Money saved on wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities 7o match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Yanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular

classification of Saw Gumming Wheels Is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheels THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world, Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels Used are “Class 2.
It cuts fast and keeps its Shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the * Pocono.”

CLASS 8. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as *‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

* CLASS ‘“‘POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both finer in grain and softer than either of the above. AsaSaw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that wlll not create much heat.

Illustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.
: 113

The Tanite Co, Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

MM. Covel’s Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose. |
CIRCULAR SAW at Gage MILL MACHINERY!
S iF E A M F F EF D / pm A y Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for all

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
I would also call special attention to my

for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
Heavy Circular Saw Malls

ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam

Feed, having put inseveral which are giving the best of sat-

isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &c.

Horizontal Engines and Boilers

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880.
Wm. HAMILTON, Esq, Peterborough,

DEAR S1R—I have used your Steam Feed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it is admitted by every person who has seen It work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put it into my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing to it. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute,
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
cutting long or short logs. I consider 1 have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut bad I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT, :
Lumbermapn, Gravenhurst.

CORLISS

= Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, al

= with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or lange
= Factories of any Kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
= justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Pinish
on this Engine will be no discredit to its renown, and cer
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power \

THOMPSON, SMITH & SON. per hour, 10

WLIi.i:EAMW EKAMILTON, |
PHT BORO UGE. GOIN.

Toronto, August llth, 1880.

Wm. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.
DEAR Str—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly. Yours, &c,,

PUBLISHED
SEMI-MONTHLY.

tt a Invta
ce Z

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

{SUBSCRIPTION
($2.00 PER ANNUM

VOL. 1.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., DECEMBER 1, 1881.

FAST SAWING.

Last winter Messrs. Irwin & Boyd determined
| to take out their old circular in the Nassau Mills,
Peterborough, and replace it with an A

No. 1, which for good fast cutting and con-
venience should be ahead of anything in this
lumbering district of Ontario. The contract
was awarded to Mr. Wm. Hamilton, of this
vm, and in due time the job was placed in
position, and is a decided success. But as this
uccess was not obtained without encountering
some of the difficulties incidental to high speed,
md not without furnishing bits of experience
worth recording, we shall note a few points

hat may be of interest to our patrons.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.
he mill is of a style that is heavy and strong

hroughout ; it is also well fitted, but is not
howy. The iron husk, or frame, is 9 x 54 feet ;
y mandrel, 44 in. diameter ; mandrel pulley,

| 33 in. diameter by 22 in. face ; carriage shaft, 34
in. diameter ; other shafts, 3 in. ; feed and gig
fiction pulleys, 12 in. face ; belt for feed cones,
hin. ; gig belt, 10in. The main driving belt is
in., of heavy leather, double and made up
Odless at the factory in Montreal, ready to be
ut on, and runs with perfect smoothness,
hough at the unprecedented rate of 8,000 feet
minute. The feed and gig movement of

he carriage was effected primarily by a 1} in.
anilla rope, but as this had been broken
times, it was taken off and a chain used ;
ais has also been frequently broken, but is
gickly repaired. The carriage has three head
ocks, one being on a detachable portion which
ased only for long logs. The dogs of the other

9 are connected, and are operated by one
hvenient lever, which is weighted for the
uble purpose of holding the dogs in either
sition, and assisting in dogging. On the first
ad block there is a tapering attachment for
tting the log either in or out. There is a
ction pulley underneath the carriage which is
ade to operate against the back track timber
ile gigging, for the purpose of withdrawing
e knees. The set works are on the prin-
le of the frictional bite, and, like the British
dog, always bites and never slips ; with new

5 ¢ stop pins for stock lumber, and new
justable scale for siding down to stock or any
fen dimensions ; we think this makes the most
act and convenient set works we have ever
m; one 1nan on the carriage dogs and undogs,
lereee and sets without any appreciable loss

vera

ame. The journal boxes for feed and gig |
are balanced, and each is suspended by a |

y bolt by which they can be adjusted in a
ent for the wear of friction pulleys. The
drel boxes are cast solid on the frame with
Chambers underneath and around them,
ich provides a good circulation of air to the
likely to become heated, or, if required,
lower apertures can be closed and the
uber filled with water, The alignment of

the saw with the carriage is made by slightly
turning the whole frame, for which a ready
means is provided, The true relation of all the
parts to each other is thereby retained, and the
pivot is so placed that the cutting side of the
saw is always the same distance from the car-
riage. Thecaps of these mandrel boxes are a
sham in the ordinary sense of a close fitting cap,
which would serve to keep a journal warm
rather than cool, These caps are much like
Paddy’s beaver, which had the crown hinged to
one side, and had also a few convaynient holes
jist to kape his head cool. Certainly the whole
arrangement serves its purpose admirably, as
the journals never rise above blood heat.

_ STYLE OF WORKING.
The motive power of this mill is furnished by

a 66 in. Leffel wheel, working under a head of
from 10 to 11 feet, so that this, in common with
all water mills, is under two particular disad-
vantages when compared with mills driven by
steam. The motion of water mills varies great-
ly, particularly when the power is derived, as
in this case, from one wheel, and no one seems
to come forward with a suitable governor,
whereas, steam is easily governed. Besides,
steam mills can use the steam feed, which is the
most marked of modern improvements in saw-
ing lumber. ~ The rate of feed depending entire-
ly upon the conditions of each particular cut,
the sawyers can always make the mostof them ;
logs can be fairly shot each way, or go ata
snail’s pace. With the water mill you must
be always content with a good average feed.
This mill was calculated for a six foot saw to
run at 750 revolutions per minute ; it was ex-
pected not to rise higher than 800, nor to fall at
any time much below 600. On trial, however,
with a five foot saw, it ran as high as 950, and
fell, in cuting a large log, to less than half that
speed. This was .an awkward condition of
things ; she was both fast and slow,—at times
fully at the dangerous point, aud yet no good
turn out of work, besides no saw could cut well
under such changed conditions, and casualities
were common. By a change of gearing the
speed was reduced fully to the original calcula-
tion, with satisfactory results,—greater steadi-
ness of motion and a large amount of good saw-
ing. But as the mill was being worked from
week to week, and all the bearings came to a
more perfect face, with also a slight change in
regard to head of water, the speed was found
again to rise, the speed indicator showing 825.
The six foot saw was required and put on, but
not being hammered to so high a speed, it re-
fused to do duty. The saw-maker was brought
on the scene, and he advised a further reduction,
which was made, bringing the speed to the
neighbourhood of 700, resulting in greatly im-
proved steadiness, less wear and tear, and good
account of lumber. She would drop readily
ten boards per minute. We saw this
being done in the course of ordinary work,

| This, for a water mill, is'hard to beat. It is
only the few steam mills, having steam d,
that can make a better showing ; they are said
to make, on special trial, as much as sixteen 16
ft. boards in one minute.

gard to paper friction pulleys for feeding and
cannot go much beyond 2,000 feet per minute

excessive wear.

Upon the whole Messrs, Irwin & Boyd may
be congratulated on getting what they bargained
for. They certainly have the speediest, most
exact and convenient mill in this region.

TERRIBLE EXPLOSION.
EIGHT BOILERS TORN TO SHREDS AT EAST SAGI-
NAW—FOUR CANADIANS KILLED.

HAst Sacinaw, Mich., Nov. 13.—At fifteen
minutes before five o’clock this morning a
battery of ten boilers in the brick boiler house
attached to the saw mill and salt block of
Hamilton, McClure & Co., six miles below
this city, exploded with an earthqnake force,
scattering the buildings like chaff, and caus-
ing immense destruction, Hight of the boilers
were tori? into shreds, and the pieces flew in
every direction, one boiler-head dropping
900 feet away. Not a brick of the boiler-house
was left standing upon the other, and the
large brick chimney, 100 feet high, was
ompletely levelled to the ground. The west
and of the large steam mill was torn to pieces,
and the entire structure wrecked and demoral-
ized. The large steam dome was lifted high in
the air and came down on the opposite side of
the mill, and bricks, pieces of iron, and timbers
were thrown hundreds of feet away. Bricks
and timbers were found half a mile from the
mill. The salt block was badly wrecked by the
explosion, timbers and iron being
through it, and a salt drill house two hundred
feet distant received a piece of boiler that shat-
tered the tower, and another smashed in one
side of the roof. It is impossible to give an idea
of the tremendous force of the explosion and
the destruction that followed.
were fired at night to supply steam for the
saw mill, and the firemen at work were all kil-
led, not one escaping to tell the story. Michael
Lebeau, head fireman, who had charge of the
boiler-house, was covered in the debris, and the

occurred. Both legs were broken below the
knee and the body was badly bruised. Joseph
Lebeau, brother of the first mentioned, was
found thirty feet distant with his right arm and

his clothing torn off. These men were thirty-
eight and twenty-three years old respectively,
and resided at Zilwaukee.

without~causing excessive heat, and of course |

driven |

body was dug out an hour after the explosion |

shoulder broken, his abdomen crushed in, and |

A small, but by no |
means trifling, matter was demonstrated in re- |

gigging, that is, that their circumferential speed |

The boilers |

ada. Frank Blanchard was blown into the bay
200 feet distant, and his body was not recovered
until this afternoon. The body was badly
mangled. He was a single man, twenty-five
years old, and belonged to St. Onesime, Quebec.
Charles Carpenter was found only a few feet
from Joe Lebeau, his clothing torn off, and his
body badly scalded and burned. He was a
single man, twenty-seven years old, and came
from Quebec. The damage by the explosion
will reach $25,000. Low water is given as the
cause of the disaster.

CLASSIFICATION OF PROVINCIAL LANDS.

The CanaDA LUMBERMAN in an article on
“* A Forest Department,” in its issue of October
1st, while remarking on the antagonism which
exists between the lumberman and settler,
observes as follows :—Surely it would not be
difficult to decide what lands should be opened
for settlement, and what might be more advan-
tageously maintained permanently as forest.
Where the soil is better, fitted for forest erowth
than agriculture, the settler should be excluded
altogether, and a proper system should be
adopted for perpetuating the timber growth.
Thus our resources—our capital—would be util-
ized in the most fitting and economical manner.
It is certain that mixing up settlement and
lumbering has proved a failure.” These remarks
apply quite as well to New Brunswick as to
Ontario. We have not only allowed settlers to
locate themselves upon some of our best spruce
and hemlock lands, but we have paid them for
doing so. We entertain the view, that for the
benefit of the settler himself as well as for that
of the lumberman, no settlement should be
made before the locality has been examined by
a fit and competent officer of the Government
who shall have reported on the character of the
land and the kind and quantity of the timber
standing upon it, since if settlers be allowed to
locate themselves on spruce or hemlock lands
they will be worse off at the end of a few years
than when they first settled upon them.

We are sadly at a loss to know where our
really good farming lands are situated, as well
as regarding our spruce and hemlock lands,
Since the information which the: country re-
quires regarding this matter can only be obtain-
ed by the actual examination by competent
persons, we would suggest that the Crown Lands
Department take the matter in hand and furnish
the public with the information at the very
earliest date, and also that they withhold from
settlement such tracts of land as may be deemed
better adapted to the uses of the lumberman
than for those of the farmer. This course
would, we believe, be justified both by public
opinion and experience, as long as we haye in
the Province such a vast quantity of good agri-

They ,came from | cultural land still in the wilderness state.—St.
Montreal years ago, and have relatives in Can- | John, N.B., Sun.

2 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

GILMOUR’S MILL AT TRENTON.

Since the burning of the old mill, Messrs.
Gilmour & Co. have been doing their best to
rebuild as soon as possible, but were greatly
hindered in their operations by the unneces-
sarily long time occupied by the different com-
panies in settling their insurance, which after
much delay was finally fixed at $48,000. As soon
as this was done a number of men were set to
work to tear down what was left of the mill and
boiler house, nearly every vestige of which was
removed.

As soon as the plans for the new mill were
prepared, the contractors for the stone and
brickwork at once commenced work on the
foundations, which were built of huge blocks of
stone, the lowest course of which was built on
the solid rock. When these were finished, the
boiler and engine houses and the new smoke
stack were next commenced and pushed for-
ward rapidly, and are now very nearly com-
pleted.

The engine house, which is situated a few feet
west of the mill, is built of brick and will con-
tain two new engines, the cylinders of which
will be 32 inches in diameter and the length of

THE GALE OF OCTOBER 14.

In the November issue of the Journal of
Forestry there appears a very interesting and
instructive record of the terrible and almost un-
precedented effects of the late storm upon trees
and plantations. The editor of that periodical
distributed circulars, inviting short accounts, to
ascertain the general effect caused by the gale,
and the fact that the replies fill some seventeen
pages of the magazine demonstrates how severe-
ly the memorable storm was felt throughout the
whole country. As some of the worst disasters
occurred to old historical trees, that have stood
for centuries on spots well known to our readers,
we make the following brief extracts :—

In Windsor Park and Woods the oldest trees
have suffered most, particularly the beech and
elm. The pollarded oaks near Forest Gate,
supposed to be from 500 to 800 years old, have
been much broken in the heads. The number
of trees blown down was 961, and total damaged
1,074, making in all 2,008 trees wholly or par-
tially destroyed. At Eton, two of the fine old
elms in the playing fields were blown down.
These trees were planted, our contemporary
says, by Provost Rouse, a Speaker in the House

ed from every square mile of territory from
Lake Nipissing to the Severn. The loss must
ther*s1e have been great, and probably quite
equal to that in the Ottawa district. Some are
inclined to place the amount of loss over this
wide stretch of country at only $1,000,000, but
that estimate is doubtless much too small, and
may be even four or five times below the actual
damage. The total loss over the entire Pro-
vince is roughly estimated at from $10,000,000
to $15,000,000.

The great endeavor will now be to cut the
scorched timber and get it into the water before
the borer begins its work. Much may be saved
in this way, or much may be lost by delay.

This has not been an entirely exceptional
year as regards forest fires in the Dominion.
Nearly, and perhaps every, year there is a
heavy loss, The surveys of the new townships
of Bonfield and Boulter reveal a condition of
their forest lands which is common almost every
where from the Georgian Bay to the Ottawa.
Two-thirds of Bonfield was burned over at one
time, and a portion within recent years, while
one-third of the forests of Boulter have been
swept away. The same story is told of all other
parts of the pine country by the surveyors who

STEAM, SAW & SHINGLE

FOR SALE,

WITH
111 Acres of Land, Four Fram
Houses, Etc.

Plenty a on Black River. Or, Mill and
two thirds cash

T. COOPER, Cooper's Falls, Ont.
WH HAVE

Oak, Elm, Basswood
Black Birch,

FOR SALE, to be Cut this
Winter, apply to

Medonte Lumber Co’y, Hillsc

Or 32 Wellington St. West, Toronto. —

stroke 48 inches, ‘These engines will be con-| of Commons in the time of Cromwell. In the eo WW. ANTED
nected to a fifteen inch driving shaft and will} Forest of Dean one large old oak, 220 years old, asve a sn — F -
exert together over one thousand horse power. | was broken off about half way up, being decay- Talking: Sik) /OOusiienaaess | she eetem <——s

A few feet west from the engine house is the} ed ; and two large beech trees, about the same effect of forest fixes, and the settlement of fe ABOUT

new lands for farming purposes, it is feared that
in twenty years the lumber business of Canada
will be a thing of the past. Already only the
limited tract along the west side of the Ottawa,
it is asserted, from Mattawan to Lake Temis-
camingue, the wilderness, rapidly diminishing
in area, that lies between the County of Peter-
borough and Lake Nipissing, and a portion of
the north shore district, are unbroken by settle-
ment. Half of this area contains no pine of
commercial value. Under the present system
of waste, one of the leading industries of the
country will be crippled by its competition with
districts more favored by abundance and easy
access. For this reason, those interested in
preserving the forests of the Dominion are call-
ing for legal protection of the standing timber.
—Northwestern Lumberman,

old smoke stack, ana close against this and to
the west of it is the boiler room, which is built
of brick, with a heavy iron roof, and is 100 feet
long by 32 feet wide, and will contain sixteen
tubular boilers, each of which will be four and
a half feet in diameter, and fourteen feet long.
The furnaces will face the bay, and will, we
understand, be fed automatically with sawdust.

The new smoke stack is built close against
the western end of the boiler room, and is about
the same size as the old one.

The frame of the mill, which is made of heavy
timbers, framed together with great neatness
and exactitude, is now up and sheeted all
around. The roof is on and is covered with
with heavy sheet iron painted over with a
brownish paint. The main body of the mill is
172 feet long, by 85 feet wide, and will contain
two twin circular saws, one single circular saw,
three twin gangs, two stock gangs, edgers,
slash tables, and a large amount of other
machinery, of which we will give a more detailed
account as soon as it is in running order. At
the northwest corner of the mill there is a wing
75x36 feet, which will be devoted to the lath
machinery, and directly opposite this, on the
other corner, there is another wing 30x125 feet,
in which will be placed the butting table and
machinery for assorting the lumber.

The small mill is now running night and day
and cutting (considering its size) a large quanti-
ty of lumber, besides giving employment to from
150 to 200 men. ‘The capacity of this mill will
be greatly increased, as soon as it shuts down
for the winter, by the putting in of several of
the boilers out of the old mill, together with a
much more powerful engine than that used at
present.

A number of alterations have been made in
the planing mill and machine shops. A new
boiler house 46x26 feet has been added to it.
This contains a 75 horse-power engine and four
large tubular boilers, which greatly increase the
capacity of the shops. The small engine which
was formerly used here will still be left in its
place, and will be used for pumping water to
supply the large tank in the yard and also to
drive the necessary apparatus for lighting the
entire mill with electricity. The apparatus
will soon arrive, and we will furnish a detailed
account of it as soon as possible. We believe it
is the Company’s intention to build a large sash
factory in connection with the planing mill,
which is now over driven on account of the
large local demand for planed lumber,

The mill will be ready for operation before
the opening of navigation, and will give employ-
ment to about 700 men, so that this enterprising
firm will pay out in wages alone during the
summer months fully $14,000 per month, which
amount will doubtless nearly all go into the
pockets of the local business man.

TI am indebted for much of the above informa.
tion to the ever courteous and affable engineer
of the establishment, Mr, R. D. Gilmour,—
Belleville Intelligencer.

age, suffered similarly. In the New Forest a
considerable number of decayed beeches and
oak@ were blown down. An ancient ash in
Ashurst Wood and a notable old poplar at Bere
both suffered. At Stamford an accident befell
a noted old lime tree, 300 years old, and planted
by ‘‘ good Queen Bess.” The trunk was divided
into four parts about seven feet from the ground»
each part as large as an ordinary tree; three of
these were blown off, taking part of the trunk
with them, leaving only one large and a few
small branches remaining. In all parts of Lon-
don the gale played sad havoe with the Park
trees, as well as doing damage to buildings, &c.,
as reported in the daily papers. On the Work-
sop Manor Estates, about 500 trees were blown
down, at an estimated value of £491. Of these
100 were oak from 25 to 60 years old, and 15
elm, from 70 to 90 years old. At Birdsall,
York, Lord Middleton states three of the
great limes in Birdsall Avenue fell. One,
though denuded of its head, measured 80 feet.
In Scotland, on the Langton Estate, Dunse, the
number of fallen trees reached 5,000, and a
clump of magnificent beeches which had
weathered the storms of 200 years at last suc-
cumbed. In Dalkeith Park, Edinburgh, a corres-
pondent writes, it will take three months of
continuous work to dissect the trees, blast or
bury the roots, and repair the brokeif fences.
On the Tynninghame Estate, Haddington, 30,-
000 or 40,000 trees were blown down, approxi-
mately valued at £15,000. One remarkable old
beech, named the Trysting Tree, was over 300
years old. The total damage done to this estate
reaches £50,000. At Floors Castle, Kelso, 800
of the finest trees were uprooted, and 200 other-
wise damaged. Within a radius of four miles
round Kelso some 3,000 large trees were up-
rooted, valued at £6,000. In Ireland, some fine
old ashes and elm fell in the grounds of Antrim
Castle ; and in Wales many old and valuable
trees were uprooted or damaged at Penrhyn
Castle, Bangor, and other well known seats.
“It is difficult,” remarks the editor, ‘to point
to any district where trees have not suffered
severely from the effects of the gale.”

25,000 Feet, First Quality

White Oak Lumbe

Cut to Specification.

Address, stating Lowest Price and pro
bable time of delivery to the

Canadian Locomotive & Engine Co.,
OP os Ye Sl
27 KINGSTON, ONT.

Timber Limits & Sawn:

The subscriber being slicing tiated wail i
solidate his business, on account of his age, will sell.
very low prices—

1st. His Mills and Farm near the Bradford Station
Northern and North-Western Railway, together wit
Limits in Ridout and Sherbourne.

2nd. The Portage and Canal connecting Black
with Lake St. John, and Lake a John with
Couchiching, in the Township of Rama.

3rd. Eight million feet of saw-logs now in Black River.

4th. About 4,000 acres of land in different township

If not sold at private sale, the above will be offere
to the highest bidder at some future time to be named
as I intend to closeall out and concentrate in Michig
where I now have mills.

All and any information can be had from Thomp
Sth Bom, See or James Durheas at B iford

4125 THOMPSON SMITH.

FENELON FALLS.
Mr. Joun D. Surru, the well known lumber-
man having removed with his family to Port
Hope, after a residence of fourteen years in this
village, a number of their friends resolved to
present Mrs. Smith with a piece of plate. The
presentation was made at the Mansion House,
in the presence of a large number of ladies and
gentleman, by Mr. H. W. Greene, Reeve ofthe
village, who expressed the regret of the donors
at the departure of herself and her husband,
and their sense of the loss that would be thereby
sustained by their Tittle community. Mrs.
Smith responded in suitable terms. There was
subsequently a supper given to Mr. Smith at the
McArthur House, in which seventy-five persons
participated, including the leading men of the
village and neighbourhood, the Reeve being in
the chair. There were present a number of Mr,
Smith’s employees, thus testifying to their mu-
tually satisfactory relations. Mr. Smith will be
greatly missed from among us.

Depattinint of yea Lands

TORONTO, 6ru Ocroser, 1881.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT, UNDER
ORDER IN COUNCIL,’

TIMBER BERTHS

In the undermentioned Townships in the

MUSKOKA and PARRY SOUND
DISTRICTS,

Will be offered for Sale Public Auction at the D
partment of Crown at twelve o'clock noon,

On TUESDAY, the 6tk
day of December next,

:—Townships of Mowat, Blair, McConkey, a aly
mihinos ills, Sinclair, Bethune,
Machar, Strong, Joly, Laurier, Pringle, Lount, Nip
sing and Himsworth.

The area to be disposed of in the above Townships
cult oll Chamen of porineais sacle foun ie
suit all classes o: wnshil
nearly as practicable, be divided into four ; beri '

Interesting and Valuable.

The Montreal Shareholder says the CANADA
LUMBERMAN explains by its name the special
interest it devotes itself to serve. This periodi-
cal, published semi-monthly, is very ably con-
ducted, and full of interesting and valuable
matter connected with the lumber trade and
the wood bearing portion of our national
domains. Everyone interested in lumber should
take it.

J. DAVIES & Co.)

46 Church Street, Toronto.

Sells all sort of Lumber on Commission, Advances on
Consignments. Prices given on application. Whole
Stocks disposed on very Jow Commission. lyLl6

MILL MACHINERY FOR SALE.

A TURBINE WATER WHEEL, 50 inches, Steam
Cylinder, 12 inches, with Steam Chest, Shafting and
other Saw Mill gearing. Address P, 0, Box 352,
Barrie, Ont, 4u24

LOSS BY FOREST FIRES.

The Dominion Government employs what are
denominated ‘‘ bush rangers,” who take care of
the government’s timber limits. Since the great
fires of last summer, bush rangers and agents
have been ordered to, as nearly as possible,
ascertain the amount of damage caused to
timber by these conflagrations, Estimates have
already been made of the loss in the Ottawa
Valley, and it is placed at $5,000,000. In the
territory bordering on the Muskoka and Parry
Sound districts, and thence eastward to the
township along the Ottawa, little or nothing is
yet known of the amount of loss. In the Mus-
koka and Parry Sound regions, great belts,
twenty miles or more in length, and from one to
five or six miles wide, were burned over, and it
is asserted that the smoke of forest fires ascend;

ianeaeaand #

sg aa ee

a |

Sheets containing conditions and terms of Sale,
information as to Area and Lots and Concessions 00
prised in each Berth, will be furnished on applic
personally or by letter, to the woods and forests b
of the De ent, or to the Crown Timber Offices af}
Ottawa, Belleville and Quebec, and the Office of T.
Johnston, Esq., Parry Sound,

T. B. PARDER,
0 ISSTUN

24

or

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

MANUFACTURERS OF

s

241.26
<"

ss
‘ The Strength of Wood.

At the late fair of the Massachusetts Charit:
able Mechanics’ Association, held at Boston,
there were exhibited interesting tests of con-
structive material, among these, of pine columns,
which had, in some instances, supported re-
‘markable pressure. One of these columns,

originally twelve feet long, yielded to a pressure

of 190,000 pounds ; the weak spot being a large

knot, which acted as a wedge, and caused the
“destruction of the column at less than the pro-
per figures for a sound piece. Another column
was twelve feet long, and tapering from seven
and three-fourths to six and a half inches in

diameter. This stick showed its weakest point

at the smaller end, the crumbling of the fibres
taking place in that part. A seasoned hard pine
_ girder, eleven inches square and ten feet long,
bore the astonishing load of 751,000 pounds.—
Northwestern Lumberman.

How to Use Oil Stones.
Instead of oil, which thickens and makes the
stones dirty, a mixture of glycerine and alcohol
is used by many. The proportions of the mix-
_ ture vary according to the instrument operated
upon. An article with a large surface—a

F liquid, as three parts of glycerine to one of
alcohol. For a graving tool, the cutting surface
of which is very small, as is also the pressure
- exercised on the stone in sharpening, it is neces-
, sary to employ glycerine almost pure, with but
H two or three drops of alcohol.

_ A Wor.p or Goop.—One of the most popu-
_ lar medicines now before the American public
is Hop Bitters. You see it everywhere.
ee take it with good effect. It builds them

up. It is not as pleasant to the taste as some
other Bitters, as it is nota whiskey drink. It
is more like the old fashioned bone set tea that
has done a world of good, If you don’t feel
just right try Hop Bitters,—Wunda News.

a I

A PopuLtarR Remepy.—Hagyard’s Pectoral
Balsam is one of the most deservedly popular
remedies for the cure of cough, croup, bron-
_chitis, and all pulmonary complaints. For sale

by all dealers.
i

3 People have no moreright to become dyspeptic,
and remain gloomy and miserable, than they
have to take poison and commit suicide. If
the stomach becomes weak and fails to perform
j its functions, Burdock Blood Bitters will speedi-

_ ly remedy the trouble.

Wuat Every One Says Must Be TRvuz.—
And every one who has tested its merits speaks
warmly in praise of Hagyard’s Pectoral Baleam
as a positive cure for all throat and lung com-
plaints, coughs and colds, sore throat, bronchitis
and incipient consumption.

———_~o—

ne]

;

A Reat Necessiry.—No house should be
without a bottle of Hagyard’s Yellow Oil, in
case of accident. There is no preparation of-
fered to suffering humanity that has made so
many permanent cures, or relieved so much
pain and misery. It is called by some the
Good Samaritan, by others the Cure-all, and by
_ the afflicted an Angel of Mercy.

a ein eS acer

No Inrossremity.—People often say, when
enffering in the first stages of Consumption, or
enffering from lung disease, if their physician
fails to effect a cure, ‘‘ my case is a hopeless one,
and my enjoyment of health again ia an impos-
sibility.” The celebrated French Count Mira-
bean’s nasty temper is well known. ‘“‘Monsieur
le Comte” said his secretary to him one day,
“the thing you require is impossible.” ‘‘ Im-

ible” exclaimed Mirabeau, starting from
is chair, ‘ never again use that foolish word in
presence.” It is well-known that N. H.

? Vegetable Balsamic Elixir has brought
4“ health and strength thousands who were told
doctors that their recovery was impossible.
not deceived by any apparent impossibilities;
always ose the Elixir.

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition
First Prize, Provincial Exbibition..............
First Prize, Industrial Exbibition
First Prize, Industrial Exhibition.
International Medal, Centennial Ex......

razor, for instance—sharpens best with a limpid | ©. P. R

HH. DIXON & CO.

PURE BARK TANNED

ATHER BELTING

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition

Meta cletale rotate. st Ottawa, 1875

Sian Hamilton, 1876 By
London, 1877 Ye f)

Andbngoonoanar Toronto, 1879 '

eM TAL aecctinie ste Toronto, 1880

1876

one genuine unless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.

81 Colborne Street, Toronto

a —i FA

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.
Emory’s Bar to Port Moody.

NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS.
Tender for Work in British Columbia.

EALED TENDERS will be received by the under-

signed up to NOON on WEDNESDAY, the Ist
day of FEBRUARY next, in a lump sun, for the
construction of that portion of the road between Port
Moody and the West-end of Contract 60, near Emory’s
Bar, a distance of about 85 miles.

Specifications, conditions of contract and forms of
tender may be obtained on application at the Canadian
Pacific Railway Office, in New Westminister, and at
the Chief Engineer’s Office at Ottawa, after 1st Janu-
ary next, at which time plans and profiles will be open
for inspection at the latter office.

This timely notice is given with a view to giving
Contractors an opportunity of visiting and examining
the grounds during the fin> season and before the
winter sets in.

Mr. Marcus Smith, who is in charge at the office at
New Westminister, is instructed to give Contractors
all the information in his power.

No tender will be entertained unless on one of the
printed forms, addressed to F. Braun, Esq., Sec. Dept.
of Railways and Canals, and marked ‘‘Tender for

F. BRAUN,
{

Dept. of Railways and Canals,
Ottawa, Oct. 24th, 1881.
12d10

Secretary.

725

ee :
ule)

Special Offer to

LUMBERMEN ff

To any person sending me this
advertisement and $25 within
the next 60 days, I will send a
Genuine WALTHAM, or
ELGIN WATCH.

in 6 ounce sterling Silver Cases,
Gold Joints, with a Written Guar-
avd) antee for three years.
CRUMP TON
83 King St. East, Toronto.

|

. Any article in Watches, Clocks,

Diamonds, Jewellery, Silverware,

bm etc., sent to any part of Canada,

= 7and Satisfaction Guaranteed or
Money Refunded.

We make a specialty
Y of Presentations.

Watch Repairing and
Jewelry manufactured
by best workmen only,
at reasonable prices.

‘puey uo shemje sorddng TTIW jereue4)

2
v

MONTREAL SAW WORKS

MONTREAL,
456.
St: Paul

Street.

puvyiuo skvmye sorddng TIL [ereuey

|
'

All correspondence address to Chas. M. WHITLAW, Sec.

ADAM: McK AY

MANUFACTURER OF

Steam Hngines and Boilers,

AND ALL KINDS OF MACHINERY.

Locomotives, Stationery and Marine Engines and Boilers, Girders, Heaters, Radia-
tors, and all kinds of Steam and Brass Fittings and Sheet Iron Work; and dealer
in all classes of Railway, Steamboat and MILL SUPPLIES.

L24-Ly

144 Upper Water Street, HALIFAX, NS.

NAN

C. H. FLEWWELLI

NK

C( 5

WS

, 0
K YJ
\ SE Wi

REQ’

And ELECTROTYPER.

46 King Street, ST. JOHN, N.B.

sa NEWEST DESIGNS AND BEST WORK.=2

124-ly

we MACHINE CUTS A SPECIALTY.

ONTARIO ELECTROTYPE AND STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY.

A

itt

LN

Having added the Latest Machinery to my
Foundry, and secured the services of a MOST
EFFICENT STAFF OF AMERICAN SKILLED
WORKMEN, I am prepared to execute all orders
with Promptness. Satisfaction guaranteed.

The Work Produced at my Foundry is ack-
nowledged to be equal to any in the United
States, and Superior to any in Canada.

f&# Orders from the Country Promptly attended to.
te &# Please address all Orders to

ITH, 26 & 28 Colborne Street, Toronto.

A. LHARMONTH & Co.

ENGINEERS AND FOUNDERS, ~
MANUFACTURER OF
Steam Engines, Rotary Pumps, of all sizes, for Paper
and Pulp Mills, Steam Pumps, and a Variety of other
Pumps, Propeller Engines for Yachts & Tow Boats.

L24-ly
Iron Railings, Hoisting Machines for Stores, Jack Screws, Park
Mills, all kinds of Machinery for Mines, Saw Mills, Flour Mills.

St. Paul St., ror Br SS he

FIRES IN OUR PINE FOREST.

10,000,000 wortH OR MORE OF PINE DESTROYED

THIS YEAR IN ONTARIO.

Not for many years has fire made such havoc
among the pine forests of the country. The ex-
tent of these fires is, however, not known, and
cannot be approximately ascertained until the
agents and bush rangers in the employ of the
Ontario Government make reports upon the sub-
ject. It is known that thousands of square miles
of territory have been burned over along the
Ottawa, in the back townships north of Lake
Ontario, and through Muskoka and Parry
Sound. Much of this burnt land has consisted
of farms, woods from which the pine has been
stripped, and pine areas previously destroyed

by fire.
THE LOSS BY LAST SEASON’S FIRES.

Of the very great destruction which must have
occurred throughout the whole unsettled terri-
tory lying along the eastern borders of Parry
Sound and Muskoka, and thence eastward to
the townships along the Ottawa, little or noth-
ing is known. Estimate has been made of the
loss in the Ottawa Valley, and it is placed by
some at $5,000,000. In Muskoka, and Parry
Sound great belts, twenty miles or more in
length, and from one mile to five or six miles
wide, have been burned over ; and according to
one gentleman, well acquainted with the dis-
tricts, the smoke of bush fires has ascended from
almost every square mile of territory from Lake
Nipissing tothe Severn. The magnitude of the
loss must therefore have been great, and not
improbably quite equal to that along the Ottawa,
Yet some almost place it as low as one million
dollars. That figure may not be too small on
the lowest calculation of the value of the uncut
trees to the lumbering companies. But the ac-
tual value may be four or five times as much.
Along the north shore of Lake Huron the dam-
age from fire has not been so great as it was
supposed to be during the prevalence of the fires,
but this may apply only to the narrow strip of
territory traversed in summer by lumbermen
and others. The total loss over the whole
Province may be variously estimated at from
ten to fifteen million dollars.

OUTTING DEAD TREES.

Much may yet be saved by prompt cutting of
the scorched timber, and most of the trees in the
burned districts are merely scorched. If these
trees be cut down this winter the borer, which
invariably attacks dead trees in the summer
season, can do no harm, and they will be suitable
for lumber, but otherwise the timber will be
rendered useless. The cutting of these trees,
situated in many instances where access and
removal are difficult, can not be expected, so
that nearly every one of the few hundred thous-
and pine trees burned, more or less, last summer,
may be considered a total loss.

THE ANNUAL LOSS BY FIRE.

The average annual loss by fire cannot well
be estimated even approximately, and if one
million dollars be roughly stated as an amount
more probable than anything lower, the figures
large as they are, can scarcely be considered too
high. The surveys of the new townships of
Bonfield and Boulter, of which notice has been
taken in the Globe, reveal an aspect of the for-
est lands which is common almost everywhere
from the Georgian Bay to the Ottawa. Two-
thirds of Bonfield has been burned over at one
time and another within recent years, while
Boulton has suffered from the sweeping away
of one-third of its forest. The same story is
told of all other parts of the pine country by
the surveyors who have traversed them. Much
of this destruction has been done where the
lumberman and the trapper were, till recently,
the only human beings who traversed the wilds.
When the pioneer settler entered the danger
increasd, and the pine has only an even chance
of survival till the lumbermen can turn it to
commercial account,

EXTINCTION OF THE LUMBER TRADE THREATENED.

Settlements have now been formed in most
parts of the pine country, and for twenty years
at the present rate of progress there will scarce-
ly be the area of a township left unpenetrated
by the hardy pioneer. ‘Twenty years later the
lumber business may be a thing of the past, so
far as Ontario is concerned, unless. an efficient
system be adopted of protecting the forests.
Already only the limited tract along the west

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

by settlement.

competition with districts more favoured by
abundance and easy access.

hundred and fifty years are required, so it is

able timber, it will be seen, if viewed in connec-

tion with the progress of settlement and the in-
creasing demand for lumber, that less than one
per cent. of our forest trees can be allowed to

be cut down or burned if the province hopes to

preserve a permanent lumber industry and a

Government revenue therefrom.
PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE.

In 1878 the Ontario Legislature introduced
better regulations than theretofore had been in
use for the prevention of forest fires. The fire
district of Ontario, as constituted by the Act,
includes a large area; the boundary in the
southern part extends from Bruce Mines along
the north shore and the Georgian Bay to Mid-
land, then across Lake Couchiching to thirty
miles north of Kingston, where it turns north-
ward to Allumette Island, and follows the
course of the Ottawa to Lake Temiscamingue.
In this district fires are placed under consider-
able legal restriction. No fire is to be kindled
in or within half a mile from the woods, between
the Ist of April and 1st [of November, except
for clearing land, cooking, obtaining warmth,
or some industrial purpose. In building any
such fires a locality is to be selected where there
is the smallest quantity of vegetable matter,
dead wood, branches, brushwood, dry leaves,
or resinous trees. The place where the fire is
to be lighted is then to be cleared of all dead
vegetation for a space of ten feet around, and
every care is to be taken to prevent the fire
from spreading, and it must be extinguished by
the parties kindling it before they leave the
spot. The pains and penalties of the Act lie on
the head and pocket of him who throws or drops
a burning match, the ashes, of a pipe or a light-
ed cigar in this sixty thousand-square-mile-tin-
der-box. The wadding of a firearm must also
be looked after or the law, will pounce down on
the neglectful sportsman.

CAMPING PARTIES.

One section of the Act bears severely on some
of the parties who leave Toronto and other
towns for an outing near the northern waters.
Whether such parties consist of one or more
persons they must have a recognized head, if
for no other purpose than the purposes of this
Act. Such head must carry a copy of the Act
with him among his other baggage, and once a
week must call his men together and read the
Act aloud in their hearing, and also explain it
to them. If aman go out alone, it is presumed
that he will call himself together and read the
Act aloud—a wise provision of the law for the
evolution of lawyers, clergymen and stump
orators. It would be interesting to know how
many pleasure parties have observed this section
and escaped liability to the penalty of $50 and
costs, or three months in gaol imposed for its
violation.

An important section refers to the locomotive
engines passing through the fire district. Such
engines must have all the most approved and
efficient means of preventing the escape of fire
from the furnace or ash-pan, and the smoke
stack is to be provided with a bonnet or screen
of iron or steel wire netting, containing in each
square inch eleven wires each way at right
angles to each other. The duty of seeing that
these appliances areused is especially given to
the driver of the locomotive. The penalty for
contravention of the Act is fitty dollars and
costs of prosecution, and in the case of railway
companies one hundred dollars and costs for
each offence ; this latter penalty to be reeovered
by suit in any court of competent jurisdiction.
Every suit for recovery of a penalty must be

side of the Ottawa from Mattawan to Lake
Temiscamingue, the wilderness, rapidly dimin-
ishing in area, that lies between the county of
Peterborough and Lake Nipissing, and a por-
tion of the north shore district are yet unbroken
Half, perhaps much less than
half, of the area contains no pine of commercial
value; so that under the present system of
waste, not only may an important source of
Government revenue be greatly diminished
within a decade or two, but one of the leading
industries of the country will be crippled in its

The replanting of
trees can do little to remedy the mischief, as one

said, for a pine to reach maturity. That length
of time being necessary to produce good market-

commenced within three months after the con-
travention complained of.
THE LAW A DEAD LETTER,

As every one acquainted with the forest
territory knows, this Act is almost a dead
letter. The reason is that practically no one is
responsible for its reinforcement. Successful
prosecution of a suit entitles the complainant or
prosecutor to one-half of the fine and costs, and
while any person can appear as prosecutor, the
duty is said to attach specially to Crown Land
Agents, Woods and Forest Agents, Free Grant
Agents, and bush-rangers. These men are un-
likely to incur the odium of instituting a prose-
cution which may bring them a direct pecuniary
benefit. The same thing has been tried in the
liquor law and found wanting. The difficulty
is increased by another cause. In these sparse-
ly settled districts it is not easy to discover the
offender in one case out of a dozen, for the
Government agents are not numerous, while the
bush-rangers, whose duties are the measurement
of the ties cut by the lumberers, neccessarily do

others partially burned, writhing and groanix
in their agony, crying and begging for
when death alone was the only relief possible fo
them. Such my friends were some of the scene
witnessed by those that were so fortunate as
save their lives, and which has left an impressios
upon their minds that time will never effac
As regards our present welfare I may say
we have ‘‘thanks to the good people of on
land ” enough to eat and clothes enough to wea
at present. The great trouble will be to
feed for our horses, as there is.not any in
country and it will have to be shipped fron
distance and in all probability many will peri
for want of it. By inserting the above you wi
confer a great favor.
I remain yours &c.

HENRY LAWSON

Bad Axe, Michigan, Nov. 7th, 1881-

THE FORESTRY WORK OF THE
CENSUS.

their work in the winter, and in summer attend

to private business.
A MORE EFFICIENT LAW REQUIRED.

The remedy may partly lie in investing Crown
Land or Free Grant agents with power on dry

seasons to prohibit the kindling of clearing fires,

and at all times in the summer months to require

every party about to start a fire to first obtain
written permission. Bush rangers should be

more numerous, and their special duty in sum-
mer should be to constantly scour their districts

in search of fires. In this way every party
camping out would be known to the rangers,

and it would be comparatively easy to fix any

contravention of the Act on the right parties,

The regulation regarding locomotives might
be made to apply throughout the whole Pro-

vince, for the past season’s record shows that
some of the most destructive fires occurred be-

yond the fire district, and were caused by sparks

from passing engines.

The hope is expressed that the Government
will instruct its agents to make full reports of
the extent of the damage done by fires during
the past season, and the causes, as far as can be
ascertained, of each fire. —Globe.

THE GREAT FOREST FIRE.

A DISTRESSING TALE FROM THE BURNT MICHIGAN
DISTRICT BY A FOBMER PETERBOROUGH MAN,
The following letter appeared in the Peter-

borough Review :—

Dear str,—Having received a number of
communications from old friends from Peter-
borough and other localities since the fire of
September 5th, in regard to our welfare and the
particulars in regard to the fire, and as the im-
pression is quite general that we were burned
up, allow me through the columns of your paper
to state that such is not the case. Myself and
family were all burnt more or less, but thanks
to the Great Ruler of the Uuiverse, our lives
were saved, while others all around us perished
in the flames, every thing that we had was con-
sumed, not one dollars worth was saved except
what we had on our persons and even that was
torn from our backs to save us from burning.
We sought refuge in a corn-field and remained
there from 1 until 6 o’clock p.m., with the air so
heated and the smoke so dense that breathing
was very difficult. Our only relief was lying
with our faces on the ground and covering our-
selves with the grain stocks. Let me here state
that there are hundreds of people in the burned
district to-day that are losing their hair by
reason of the extreme heat. At times it was
as dark as night, and the darkness was the cause
of many deaths, as the people could not see the
way to escape from the flames. The fire reached
my place about 1 o’clock, and was one broad ex-
tended sheet of flame as far as the eye vould
reach, and as it was blowing a gale at the time,
it travelled a distance of twenty one miles in less
that one hour and swept everything before it,
leaving death and destitution in its wake.
There were thousands of acres of land upon
which it did not leave a living thing of any kind,
not even one splint of grass. My, editor, could
you have travelled over that space of ground on
the following day, you would have witnessed
some of the most heartrending scenes that it is
possible for the eye to behold. Whole families
clustered together, some burned to a cinder and

Up to the present time there has been but
vague conception of the extent and value of one
of the most important sources of the prosperity
of the United States. It seems the mor
strange when it is considered that this great
item in the nation’s assets is not buried in the
earth, like its mineral wealth, but stand
proudly on the surface, like a mighty host, see!
of allmen. The entire welfare of a country i
more identified with the forests that cover i
than with any other feature of the earth's sw
face. The trees are the kindest friends of th
soil ; they are the guardians of its fertility ; they
protect the fields from devastating floods,
cherish the springs that feed the streams.
Without them the land becomes an arid desert,
and its people are debased to barbarism and
poverty. Great desolated tracts in Asia, Afric
and along the eastern Mediterranean were onc
blooming and garden like, but when the trees
were cut away the dryads avenged themselves.
Therefore it is fitting that in the grand taking
account of stock in the national storehouse th
occurs every decade, the forest wealth of the
country should at last be accorded its proper
place.

Although the statistics concerning the forest
of most of the European countries are generally
full and accurate, the institution of the forestry
division of the 10th census of the United State
forms the first attempt to obtain such informa-
tion by means of the census work of any country,
In laying out the work of his bureau, Gen.
Francis A. Walker, the superintendent of the
census, decided to undertake an investigation
into the extent of the forest covering of the
country as related to agriculture; into the
forest wealth as related to manufacture, to rail-
way transportation, and to the domestic supply
of fuel ; and into the operations of the lumber-
ing industry as pursued in the principal districts
of cutting and export. The scope of the inves-
tigation comprises the chief characteristics of
the forest flora of each section of the country,
an account of the various woods in the adaption
to industrial and domestic uses, and the methods
in vogue in the various parts of the country for
the protection or restoration of the forest
growth.—Sylvester Baxter in November Atlantic.

Se
A Long Trestle. |

The Chattanooga Times says :—Fletcher Wes
senberg & Co. have been awarded the contre
for building a trestle across Lake Pontchartrai

and approaches. The trestle will be twenty:
five a long, and the contractors bind them

selves to finish it in one year.

The contract. is the largest timber contract
ever before awarded in the south. It will
ount to at least 1,250,000. Thirty million
of lumber and seventy-five car loads of boll
1,500,000 pounds will be used in building #
trestle. All timbers which will go in ¥
will be creosoted ; creosote works will be erected
at once near the lake at a cost of $75,000.

The works are on the line of the New Orlean
and«North-Eastern railway, the extrension of
the Vicksburg and Meridian railway to New
Orleans. The rest of the work is now und
contract, as well as the road from Monroe t
Shreveport, and is to be finished within a year
at which time the Erlanger system, extend?
from Cincinnati to Shreveport and New Ork
will be intact.

4

So utited

Ane

i a ie ae

el

ee Lee

7

ad oo

PINS

eT ek a

*

‘

all around by beams.

SOME FAMOUS TREES.

. A poplar tree in Waukesha, Wis., is attract-

ing attention by its being completely covered
with small insects resembling caterpillars. In

_ some places they are two inches thick.

Ix the old Rogers burying ground near
Chatham, N. C., an oak tree has grown on a
grave in which a person was buried seventy-five

years ago, and the tree is now five feet in

diameter.

Is Lewis County, Ky., a mammoth tree was
recently cut that is believed to have been 300
years old. It was 16 feet in diameter, 190 feet
high, and yield 33.452 feet of lumber and 25
cords of wood.

Ty the village of Noebditz, Saxony, is an oak
whose aged and infirm branches are propped up
Its trunk has been
used many years as a burial vault. Its lower
part, which measured 14 ells in circumference,
is hollow, and the aperture to this great cave is
closed by lattice work of iron bars. Through

this sort of window the unsuspecting stranger

who is first led to take a peep perceives with
amazement the skeleton of a man seated in the
middle of the hollow. It is the skeleton of the’
Lord of Wintersheim, who died about a century
ago, and whose choice of this singular mode of
sepulture is very minutely described by the in-
evitable guide who shows the place.

A correspondent of the San Francisco Exam-
inev, in speaking of the big trees of Calaveras
County, says :—‘‘In the stump of one of these
trees a ball-room thirty-three feet across is built,
ane it requires a ladder eighteen steps to ascend
to the top of the log, on which was built a ten-
pinalley. It has been burned up, but the old,
charred monarch of the forest still remains.
Think of it—a hollow log, through which one
can ride on horseback 100 feet and come out
through a knot hole! There are some ninety of
these big trees measuring from 50 to 100 feet in
circumference, and reaching up the skies—from
the rings that denote the annual growth of
these trees, science has estimated some of them
to be 4,000 years old, while they stand over the
fallen bodies of much older growth, covered over
with earth and large growing trees, as it is one
of the peculiarities of this timber not to
decay. It appears to be a species of red-
wood.

Mississippi River Reservoirs.

The plan of providing reservoirs near the
headwaters of the Mississippi river, as a source
of supply in seasons when the river is at a low
stage, has for a long time been in contemplation.

_ It is now likely to be practically tested. Con-

gress in 1880 made an appropriation of $75,000

_ for a dam at Lake Winnebigoshish, and last

spring made an additional appropriation of
$150,000 for the same purpose. The enterprise
for some months was halted because Congress
failed to provide means for estimating the
amount of damage to lands that the over-
flow would cause; but that matter has now
been overcome by an ordinary appraisement,
and the work is likely to go on, and the dam at
Winnebigoshish will be constructed at‘an early
day. It is not expected that this one structure
will have any appreciable effect upon the water
in the Mississippi river. But it will solve cer-
tain problems in practical engineering, and the
extent to which it may be made to control the
water passing through it, will be looked upon
as a test of the efficiency of the general system.
If the work about to be constructed prove a
success, as there seems no good reason to doubt,
a few more years will bring the extension of the
system over enough of the territory near the
river’s source to graduate the amount of water
in its channel, and with a corresponding im-
provement of the channel, assure the long-wish-
ed for navigation by large boats through the
whole of the open season.—WNorthwestern Lum-
herman.

Belts.

Leather belts will last double the usual time
if treated with castor oil ; they will be rat proof,
they will always remain flexible, and will not
crack. <A belt four inches wide will be equal to

ix inches wide which has not been oiled.
Tt requires twenty-four hours to penetrate the
leather. 1f used sooner the greasiness will make
the belt «lip,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

PARQUETRY FLOORING.

The demand for parquetry floors is continual-
ly on the increase. They take the place of car-
pets for covering the coarse boards of ordinary
flooring, and are made by ingeniously mortis-
ing together different kinds of wood. Most of
this flooring is made seven-eights of an inch
thick, and what is known as ‘‘ wood carpet” is
made only about one-fourth of an inch in thick-
ness. The principal body of parquetry work is
oak, in different shades, but every kind of cabi-
net wood is used— mahogany, tulip, walnut,
cherry—all furnishing a variety of shades, which
when properly set, harmonize with agreeable
effect, The entire mosaic, when mortised and
joined, can be lifted without injury.

Nothing neater and more refined can be found
for a floor covering to a room than a center rug
or carpet, either in the shape of a square or
parallelogram, and surrounded on all sides by a
neat pattern in wood. If one wishes to practice
closer economy he can cover the space occupied
by the carpet, the piano, stages, or other large
pieces, with plain wood the thickness of the par-
quetry wood. The surface;polish of the wood
must be maintained to retain the beauty and
finish of the floor. Waxing is often sufficient,
or a vigorous application of shellack varnish.

The origin of this style of flooring can be
traced back to the early history of western Asia.
The material used was usually marble. From
those early days to the present changes have
taken place. Wood has succeeded stone, and
the jig-saw the chisel. For some time past,
paraquet work has been successfully used in
Germany, France and lately in England; and
in this country, although new at present, we
predict for it great popularity. In our Ameri-

can homes parquet flooring is particularly adap-.

ted for backgrounds to rugs or square carpets.

Next Winter’s Operations.

A correspondent of the Globe gives the follow-
ing estimate of the probable cut of logs in the
Georgian Bay district, during the season upon
which we are entering, viz. :—

Square ft.
Penetanguishene Mills...........eseeeee eee 26,000,000
British Canadian Lumber Co .. 25,000,000
Other mills at Midland Bay.. .- 14,000,000
Georgian Bay Lumber Co.... ++ 35,000,000
Parry Sound Lumber Co..............00058 20,000,000
Guelph Lumber Co., Parry Sound.......... 15,000,000
Maganetawan Lumber Co..... .........+-- 30,000,000
Muskoka Lumber Co......0ccsessccccreees 25,000,000
NV leche may Ebel DOU Nr ayaictsisiniaialelsis’ersisaisioiois:sie/aie) 15,000,000
Collingwood Lumber Co........ Fa soso aocete 10,000,000
North Shore Mills.......00.-eecccscseeeeces 20,000,000

Mills along Victoria Railway, not included
PiieChoootneddoonoed Goda ed sdounouparne 70,000,000

Mills along Midland Railway, not included,.120,000,000

CATT EA ta ae Gan anor © Ge SoU MOO OC bOoe 14,000,000

PE OT AMS w'eio's 0 \e\=\=10\0\ela(etalsialele\alsieis{ejsiais\vieias/alelsies 434,000,000

HoumpucerD Acatn.—I saw so much said
about the merits of Hop Bitters, and my wife
who was always doctoring, and never well,
teased me so urgently to get her some I con-
cluded to be humbugged again; and I am glad
I did, for in less than two months’ use of the
Bitters my wife was cured and has remained so
for eighteen months since. I like such hum-
bugging,—H. T., St. Paul.—Pioneer Press.

oe ee

THE SADDEST OF SAD SicHTs—the grey hairs
of age being brought with sorrow to the grave
is now, we are glad to think, becoming rarer
every year as the use of Cingalese Hair Re-
storer becomes more general. By its use the
scanty locks of age once more resume their
former color, and the hair becomes thick and
luxuriant as ever ; with its aid we can now defy
the change of years, resting assured that no
Grey Hair at any rate will come to sadden us.
50 cents per bottle.

>

Honesty.—lt is commonly said that you can-
not make an honest man believe that white is
black and vice versa, but those who have grey
hair by using the ‘‘ CincaALesE Harr RENEWER,”
will find that this apparent difficulty is easily
overcome. 50cents per bottle.

———_— > -

DyspepsiA, that all prevalent disease of civil-
ized life, is always attended with a disordered
sympathetic system and bag secretions, and no
remedy is better adapted to its cure than Bur-
dock Blood Bitters taken according to the
special directions found on every bottle.

—_————_o>___—_-

Gray spent seven years in perfecting his

‘* Elegy,” but the time required to get a box of
Esterbrook’s Steel Pens is just long enough to
send to the nearest stationer. Wholesale by
Brown Bros., Toronto.

eee

Resprect.—The Grey Hairs of old age demand
and should receive respect—but the Grey Hairs
of young people require attention—in the way
e pe ingalese ae Renewer. 50 cents per

ttle,

Commission, Shipping, Vorwarding and
General Agent,

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. 1

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Every attention paid to guests. Good Stabling. lyilf

Simcoe House,
CORNER FRONT and SIMCOE STS.
TORONTO; ONT.

T&F Best accommodation in the City. TERMS $1.50
and $1.00 per day, according to Location of Rooms.

24126 WILLIAM HANCOCK, Proprietor.

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, ONT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS,

fiz Every accommodation for Commercial and
LUMBERMEN.
L14

FRANCOIS MARCHAND,

Manufacturer of all Descriptions of
STEAM BOILERS,
SHIPS WATER TANKS, Etc,

St. Roch Street, QUEBE®, P. Q.

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY

(ESTABLISHED 1856.)

in GihwOS S,

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOPGDICAL
INSTRUMENTS. ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. 119-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.

W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

12124

P. PAYETT’S NEW IMPROVED

Adjustable Saw Guide !

Can be adjusted without danger. You can take your
saw off without taking the guide off the frame.

All kinds of Brass & Iron Casting

PLAINING and TURNING done with
Despatch. For particulars address :

CRAIG & CAMERON,

PENETANCUISHENE.

ROBERT SMALLWOOD

The Patent Lever Feed Shingle,
Box Board & Heading Machine

(Always takes First Prize.)

Rotary Saw Mills
IN FOUR SIZES, and other
MACHINERY for SAW and
GRIST MILLS.

P= SEND FOR CIRCULAR. -“@X

CHARLOTTETOWN,

Prince Edward Island

ly-L17

124-ly

<

Burdock BLOOD

Burdock Healing Ointment should be

used in connection with Burdock Blood Bitters for

curing Ulcers, Abscesses, Fevers, Sores, &c. Price

25 cents » 1 box T MILBURN & CO.,
SoLe AGenTs, Toronta

5

#.S. VINDIN, — |Plexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Hach.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, 116

J.G. HDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT,

i TON D Bae

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
ly CHAINS, ROPE, and LIT

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.
WANTED.

Cherry, White Ash, Black Ash, and
Dry White Pine Lumber.

Quote Price delivered, and Carefully
Describe :—Quality, Widths, Length,
Thickness, and how long Sawed.

ROBERT C. LOWRY,

Wholesale Lumber,
55 Pine Street, New York.

SAMUEL W INDRIM,
Agricultural Implements, Ete

MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE SERVICES OF
AGENTS, I take this opportunity to bring to the notice
of intending purchasers of Reaping Machines, that I
have now on hand a quantity of the Celebrated

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—0n all purchases. Litt

WISDOM & FISH

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

Rubber = Leather Belting

RUBBER HOSE, STEAM PACKING,
LUBRICATING OILS, COTTON WASTE

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings,

12119

And all Articles used in the Application of Steam
to Machinery.

No. 41 Dock Sireet, St. John, N. B.
(SMALL’S BLOCK.)
N.B.—Estimates for Steam and Hot Water Heating

Apparatus furnished on application. All work War-
ranted. 1ly-L20

THE KEY 70 HEALTH.

i

=|

Unlocks all the clogged avenues of the
Bowels, Kidneys and Liver. carrying
off gradually without weakening the system,
all the impurities and foul humors’of the
secretions ; at the same time Correcting
Acidity of the Stomach, curing Bili-
ousness, Dyspepsia, Headaches, Diz-

ziness, Heartburn, Constipation,
Dryness of the Skin, Dropsy. Dim-
ness of Vision. Jaundice, Salt Rheum,
Erysipelas, Scrofula, Fluttering of
the Heart, Nervousness and General
Debility ; all these and many other simi-
lar Complaints yield to the happy influence

of BURDOCK BI.OCOD BITTERS.
Sample Bottles 10c; Regular size $1.

For sale by all dealers.
T. MILBURN & CO., Proprietors, Toronto

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-
scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for advertisements appearing in its columns.

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co. PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :

One copy, one year, in advance...............-. $2 00
One copy, six months, in advance...........----

Advertising Rates :

Per line, for One year........--seeeeeeeeceeeeeee
Per line, for six months............. O10
Per line, for three months
Per line, for first insertion
Per line, for each subsequent insertion to 3 mo’s. 05
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)

Per ANNUM ....- pss ees eee sree v ns selele b/s einie)ein
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)

for SIX MONGHS ......01eecceeseeerreeseessee 5 00

Cards not occupying more than 6 lines per annum 5 00
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo’s 38 00

Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
cular issue should reach the office of publication at
east three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be addressed and made payable to Tokrr & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LuMBERMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
sertion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

PETERBOROUGH, Ont. DEC. 1, 1881.

A PROPOSITION has been made to establish a
woodenware factory in Lindsay.

Tur Medonte Lumber Company have made
preparations for getting out 4,000,000 feet of
pine this winter, in addition to a large quantity
of oak, elm, basswood, and black birch.

We would direct the attention of consumers
of hardwood lumber to the advertisement of the
Medonte Lumber Co., and the manufacturers of
the same article to the advertisement of the
Kingston Locomotive Works, both of which
will be found in another column.

A Loe 30 feet long and 57 inches in diameter
was sawed into inch planks at the Seattle Lum-
ber and Commercial Co.’s mill. Some wide
planks were needed for the Reinig-Voss build-
ing, and this log was used to fill the special
order. The stick scaled 4,563 feet, and probably
contained 5,000 feet of lumber.

Tur Hon. Mr. Joly, in a recent election
speech at Montreal, said:—‘‘Mr. Chapleau
endeavored to show that the Province was in a
prosperous state, and as a means of establishing
that position he spoke of the $700,000 received
from Crown lands as legitimate revenue which
they had a right to depend upon, This was not
so. It took a pine tree 400 or 500 years to grow,
and the money realized by the sale of timber
from the Crown lands was their capital, and not
a revenue upon which they could depend.”

Tar Toronto Globe says that the Kingston
and Pembroke road will yet have a large lumber
traffic, probably sooner than it would otherwise
haye enjoyed on account of the persistence of
Mr. Peter McLaren in obstructing the log navi-
gation of the Mississippi. The limits of the
Messrs. Caldwell lie far up the river from the
railway’ crossing, and it is, I believe, their in-
tention to erect a mill near the latter point,
thus saving many miles of stream driving, and
getting rid of a portion of the disputed river,
Mr. McLaren has a mill already in operation
near the same place,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

It is stated from Alpena, Mich., that there
will not probably be quite as many logs cut
There will be a large amount
The mills have

this year as last.
of last winter’s cut left over.
not cut as much as was intended in the spring.

The breaking of Richardson’s dam, in the be-

ginning of the season, was a serious detriment

to business, a full month’s work in most of the

mills being lost by it; besides, it disarranged
the operations of the boom company to such an
extent as to be an embarrassment the entire
season, and mills have often been obliged to
shut down temporarily because of it.

A Spxciay telegram from Ottawa says that
a well known forwarder, in speaking of matters
pertaining to the forwarding business, says that
while the same rates had been obtained during
the season now practically closed, as in 1880,
wages had advanced fully 20 per cent., and
there was a decrease to fully that extent in the
carrying capacity of the barges, owing to the
low state of the water. He considered the out-
look for 1882 very favorable, as more lumber
will be cut, and as the construction of the dam
at the Chute au Blondeau, the only really
dangerous piece of navigation between here and
Montreal, would greatly benefit the forwarders,
doing away with the delays which have hitherto
proved so serious. He thought the dam had
proved a success beyond all question, and that
now even the largest steamship could ascend
the Chyte without trouble or danger.

AN UNKNOWN FOREST,

MR. NIVEN’ EXPLORATIONS OF THE TAMAGA-
MANGUE COUNTRY—LOTS OF GOOD PINE.

Mr. A. Niven, P. L.S., of Haliburton, has
just returned from making a survey of the
country between Lakes Nipissing and Tamaga-
mangue. ‘The survey was made under the
direction of the Ontario Government, and is
merely preliminary to the laying out of a large
block of townships, the hase lines for which
were laid down in this survey. A Globe reporter
called upon Mr. Niven and gleaned much inter-
esting information respecting the district, which
hitherto has been almost unknown. Mr. Niven,
with a party of thirteen men, set out from Lake
Nipissing in the middle of June. The party
penetrated to the north-east corner of the Town-
ship of Field, where the survey was to com-
mence.

Here four months of laborious journeying
commenced, almost every step having to be
CUT THROUGH A DENSE FOREST.

The first line was cut from the northeast
angle of Field due northward eighteen miles
nearly to the southern shore of Lake Tamagam-
angue. Along this line the country is undulat-
ing, and rocky ridges with an occasional swamp
appear. The swamps, however, are only of
small extent, and the ridges are rarely sharp, or
show exposures of bare rock. In fact they are
more like plateaus, and are densely wooded
with pine, birch, poplar, etc. The pine is abun-
dant and of excellent quality, being quite equal
to any Mr. Niven has seen elsewhere in Canada.
The soil is a sandy loam except where it is
rocky. Returning twelve miles southward, Mr.
Niven struck twelve miles eastward, finding a
comparatively level country, similar in vegeta-
tion to the country on the north line. Maple is
also present. On this line the soil is in parts
excellent, and fully a third of it good arable
land. The pine is good. Returning to the
north and south line, the party then cut their
way due west twenty-five miles. For the first
twelve miles the surface is much like that
already described, and good timber abounds,

AT THE STURGEON RIVER,
which flows into Lake Nipissing, the soil is
clayey and the timber good—very fine pine trees
appearing. In this neighbourhood Mr, Niven
saw the only great damage done by the fires of
the past summer. This was a brule two miles
wide and ten Jong. The trees were all, or near-
ly all killed, hut were not burnt down. Burn-
ing down rarely occurs in the first fire which
sweeps over a country, This fire took place in
May, and originated in a fire kindled by a
camping party at a portage. ‘The roughness of
the country gradually increases westward to-
wards Sturgeon River, but good land and tim-
ber is found in large areas along the route.”

brule, or
TRACT OF BURNT FOREST.

8ix years ago, and was extensive.

a strange one.

the decaying forms of forest{giants,

equally unintelligible.

through a brule.
country, well timbered with maple, birch,
balsam and spruce. From this point Mr.

Ottawa,

Then came
THE STURGEON RIVER.
This stream is a tine one.

agriculture.

Mr. Niven’s survey is obstructed only by rapids.
It flows through a comparatively fertile valley,

with a current two hundred to three hundred
feet wide and fifteen to twenty feet deep. The
banks are only ten or twelve feet high and are
of quicksand and clay, which mingled, form
The banks of

a broad valley ’on either side.
the stream are finely timbered with hardwood
and’ pine.

gue to the Sturgeon River. As the South Bay

of the Tamagamangue is approached the maple

becomes one of the- most common of all the trees
and the scenery is beautiful. A fine country
extends from the South Bay a few miles east-
ward, where the land becomes high and rolling.
Then on to the Tamagamangue River the soil
is poor. From this river eastward the timber,
soil, and appearance of the country are much
like those north of the township of Field, and
include, of course, some very good land and ex-
cellent pine. Then for fifteen miles the country
is comparatively flat and is covered with a
thick growth of white birch, spruce, balsaam,
popular, and small pine. Swamps and rocky
ridges are rather frequent. Good land appears
here and there. Then comes a stretch of moder-
ately good land near Ottertail Creek, and ex-
tending to within six or seven miles of the
Ottawa River. This last stretch includes much
excellent pine, but the soil is sandy with large
areas of granite rock and brule.
LAKE TAMAGAMANGUE.

At South Bay the party stopped for a time to
explore Lake Tamagamangue. The lake is of a
very irregular form, consisting of a central part
30 miles long by 15 to 20 broad, and three arms.
The greatest length of the lake is probably
sixty miles. The water is remarkably pure,
and abounds in fish, The shores are not high,
nor are they on the other hand marshy. The
number of islands dotting this lake and forming
a labyrinth of channels is surprising. The
islands are all wooded, and the scenery is
beautiful, and may be compared to that of the
Thousand Tslands. On one of the islands is the
Hudson Bay Post, around which sixteen Indian
families are settled. The Indians here, and at
Temiscamingue, and on the reserves at Lake

Westward of the Sturgeon the party entered a

The conflagration which swept over it occurred
At one time,
Mr. Niven says, the brule was to be seen six
miles on every side of him. The spectacle was
The tall pine trees still stood
rearing their blackened forms over a hundred
feet into the air, and stretching out their
withered limbs in ghastly malediction over the
foliage, which but for them would form a vast
lake of verdure. Where the pine trunk was
not, there the underbrush was. This dense
underbrush consisted of a young growth of pop-
lar, birch and cherry, ten or twelve feet high.
Here and there over the top of the swarthy trees
rose the bare cliffs or barren hillsides of the
Laurentian formation, but down in the flats the
surveyors travelled for hours without seeing
more than a yard or two ahead. Beneath the
tangle of underbrush, through which the axe
had to cut a way, stretched #in every direction
In this
desolation the twenty-five mile westerly line
was completed, and the party turned northward
for twelve miles, sketching the east shore of
what is marked on the map as a fifteen mile
long lake, but which is in reality a chain of
three lakes, one of which—the smallest—bears
the euphoniousmame Ahpetagekickagung, and
the others Wahnapachicitegoganchanungue and
Olopangishgamacookicongue, or some names
Till within the last four
miles of this northerly line the route was
Then came a fine piece of

Niven, about the middle“of September, turned
eastward, on the sixty mile line leading to the
The first four miles were like those
just traversed, and much of it well adapted to

Its lower course is
impeded by several falls, but the part lying in

Leaving the river the line runs
eastward over high plateaus broken by the
chain of lakes leading from Lake Tamagaman-

Nipissing, are the only ones in this part of th
country. Lake Tamagamangue has two out!
—one by a river of that name, flowing soutt
ward into the Sturgeon, and the other by z
river which expanding into Rabbit Lake, flows
north-easterly under the name of the Matabige
wan River, a branch of the Ottawa. "he
Tamagamangue as it leaves the lake is 130 fee
wide, and of a fair depth. The other outlet i
equally large. It was explored to Montre
River by Mr. Galbraith, one of Mr. Niven’s ex

plorers.
SOIL, LUMBER AND MINERALS.

Mr. Niven cannot speak of the south-e
part of the district, as the lateness of the
prevented the completion of the survey in th
part. Along the Sturgeon River the soil ;
clayey, elsewhere it is sandy loam or
The rock is not so much exposed, nor are th
rocky ridges so common as in the country south
of Lake Nipissing. About one-third of th
surface consists of arable land. There isa larg
amount of fair-sized pine in the district, and of
excellent quality. Itfis easily reached, streams
of considerable volume abounding. There are
unmistakable indications of ironjin the territory,
and Mr. Niven has brought specimens with
him.

Mr. Niven visited McLaren’s saw mill depe
about two miles south of Lake Temi
He says that if he hadn’t seen it he would not
have credited the existence of so fine a farm
this part of the country. There ‘are 260 acre
cleared and 100 acres without a stump, he
buildings are good and splendid crops of oats
and roots are raised. Indian corn is grown.
Wheat would be grown, but there is no mill to
grind it. The soil is first-class.

As the season was late when the party reach-
ed the Ottawa they took canoes to Matawan
and thence returned home by road. The region
traversed was not known to the white man, and
Mr. Niven found that chains of lakes marked
in the maps had no existence, and that rivers
were marked away from their proper positions.
His explorations are, therefore, important
making known for the first time a district al-
most as little known as Central Australia.

OCky

-
camming

The Variability of Bricks.

A correspondent suggests that the market
price of bricks should be rated according to their
size, weight, and ing strength. He instan:
ces two lots of brick, sold at the same price per
thousand, One lot averaged 2} x 3} x 7j inches
in size, 5 lbs. 24 oz. in weight, and broke at 5,-
490 tb. per square inch. The second lot ran
about 2} x 4 x 84 inches in size, weighed only
Th. 8} oz., and broke at 3,610 Tb. per square inch.
The real values of these two lots of brick were
obviously very unequal. As our correspondent
says it makes a vast difference te the builder of
an arch or pier if he calculates on bricks stand-
ing 500 tons to the square foot and gets them h
as strong; or if he figures on 4,500 bricks per rod
of 306 cubic feet, and if it takes 5,500. He
tninks that every brick maker should guarantee
a certain size, weight and crushing strength—
which they will probably do when (and not be-
fore) builders refuse to purchase bricks which fal
short of a stipulated standard of size and quality,
or make their contracts with the brickmaker or
dealer contingent,as to price, upon thecharacter
of the material delivered.

Southern Woods at the Atlanta Exhibit
One of the notable exhibits at the Cotton Fair
is the fine display of Southern woods, both
rough and polished. It includes the sweet gum,
a light colored wood, often worked up for
coffins ; the tupello, a tree that cuts like cheese,
but cannot be split, used by the negroes for
corks ; the famous (and infamous) palmetto ; t
Spanish bayonet, with stiff blades, sharp as
needles, and serrated edges ; the swamp cypress,
with its pointed excrescences, three feet high,
springing from the root ; and the curled pine
which takes a grain polish like the curled maple,
but infinitely more vivid and beautiful. j
The Georgia saw mills—there are eight hun
dred of them in the State—have sent in
colossal pine logs, one of them a sylvan
monarch, straight as a needle, seventy feet long,
twenty inches in diameter at the smaller butt,
apd some four feet thick at the base, tent
American,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 7

| FE LAWION JOHN DOTYITHOS. GRAHAM

(Established 147

ANUFACTURER OP

New Files “T]_ Old Files

Esplanade Street, Toronto.

Alexandria Saw Works} |

4

HAND CUT queues | © e-cut
SAINT JOHN N B and made from the I War-
y) ee BEST refined English rants NEW
CAST STEEL. for use, at prices that
Saws,of all kinds manufactured from All goods neatly put f will elect « great es-
the BEST CAST STEEL that can be up in labelled boxes ing to Mill Owners
A for the trade, towhom and all large coneu-
procured in any Market. lowest prices will be j I } mere of Files. Parties
given. now sending their old
EVERY SAW WARRANTED. Price List on appli Op) files can have them
cation and Sample shipped next spring

Order solicited. to their order

SAWS REPAIRED in the best manner
and on Short Notice.

Send Address for Price List, Terms, &c.
122 J. F. LAWTON.

Factory and Offices L274
35, SHERBOURNE STREET, TORONTO,

GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.

EPPS $ COCOA

ROBERT W. LOWE, —— oe ihe
AUCTIONEER AND COMMISSION MERCHANT \tcr stan Ste Prey ne ee
6127 MARINE BOILERS, aoe a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
81 SANDS BUILDING, PRINCE WILLIAM STREET. Propeller Wheels and Steam Yachts | rac¢ tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bille. It by the
Cash advanced on Goods putin for sale. 4#7No Storage charged. All kinds of Merchandise fuilicions ot oh euch aati s of diet thata pha y ee
Bought and Sold. New and Second-hand Furniture always op hand. Agent for Hazelhurst & Co’s may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
WINTHROP COOKING RANGES, WATERLOO WOOD STOVES, FRANKLIN, &e., &e., &e. every tendency to disease, Hundreds of le mala-
dies are floating around us ready to attack wherever
L2-ly SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK. there is a weak point. We may escape a fatal
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
ee and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service
, ] a azette. —
. Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold in
: Union Street, - - - Carleton, packets and tins only (}-lb. and Ib.) labelled
| , Warerooms, Water Street, JAMES EPPS &‘C0., Homeopathic Chemists,
J London, England. L19-ly

Provost Street Extension, New Glasgow, Pictou County, N.S. ST. J O H N, N. B. “ NIL DESPERANDUM.”

SPRUCE, PINE? HEMLOCK SHINGLES! Allan Brothers

TRADE WIARK Important to Nervous Sufferers.
HE GREAT ENGLISH REMEDY
for Nervous Debility
Nervous Aff inc]
matorrhea,

result of Self-abuse, indiscretion,
EH. DRAKE- L22-ly N. HH. DRAKE. is GRAY’S SPECIFIC MEDICINE.
(Late of Harris & Allen) This is the only remedy which has
ever been known to p tly cure
MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF Palpitation and other aff 1s of the
Heart, Consumpti i earlier

ood to the head,
RADE MARK

WILLIAM CA M PBELL : "TEA E TAK" stages, Rushing of
Wind in the Stomach, Indigestion,T

Cam I) IN ES Loss of Memory, Want of Energy,

(Late CAMPBELL & FOWLER.) Bashfulness, Desire for Solitude, Low
Spirits, Indisposition to labor on ac-

count of weakness, Universal Lassi-
tude, Pain in the back, Dimness of

‘ oy AND
e Vision, Premature old age, etc. Full
: H id e To ols A x les S TIN S particulars in our pamphlet which we
9 9 9 - e| send securely sealed on receipt of a

MANUFACTURER OF

&C oO 3 pe stamp. The Specific is now =
id 5 hs aH - i: . s y all Druggists at $1 per pack-
> anasto Ships Windlasses, Iron Capstans | 222.06 for $5, or will be sent free AFTER TAKING:

124-ly by mail on Receipt of money by addressing THE
GREY MEDICINE CO., 3 Mechanics’ Block, Detroit,

Robertson Place, Smythe Street bs ST. JOHN, N.B. and Ships CASTINGS of all ae Mich. 24113
Ships Cambooses & Cabin Stoves 7

STEAM SAW MILL OWNERS) cookie ano nearine N.H DOWNS?
Have your ee thoroughly Inspected a Insured against meine S a OVW Fi! a t = Fe
The Canadian Steam Users’ Insurance Assocation} — som ssa xsrsires ant nin

HEAD OFFICE, 9 VICTORIA STREET, TORONTO. Agricultural Implements

1 SIR ALEX. CAMPBELL, President. GEORGE C. ROBB, Chief Engineer.
HON. JNO. McMURRICH, Vice-Pres. A, F. JONES. Secretary-Treasurer. lyil7 t
BRASS CASTINGS.

Tin, Sheet Iron and Copper Ware for SHIP and
L22-ly HOUSE use.

Vegetable Balsamic

ELIXIR!|

This valuable medicine is purely vegetable
the discovery of which was the result o
many years’ close study,in order to discover
the cause, thesymptoms and the cure—viz:

Consumption, Coughs, Colds,
Catarrh, Croup, Asthma, In-
fluenza, Pleurisy,Hoarseness,
Spitting Blood, Bronchitis,

and every species of oppression of the Chest

AE a

oa a and Lungs. In allcases where this Elixirhas
Ce If you are a man Ve if you area been duly administered its efficacy has been
ESTABLISHED 1874. a of business,wealc- man of let- invariably manifested, convincing fhe most

- ESTABLISHED 1874, ened by the strain of

your duties avoid
stimulants and use
jHop Bitters.

If you are young ands
discretion or dissipa
ried or single, old or
poorhealth or languish
ness, rely on op

incredulous that

CONSUMPTION

is not incurable, if properly attended to.—
Consumption, atits commencement, is but a
slight irritation of the membrane which
coversthel ungs; then aninflammation, when
the coughis more observable, butratherdry-
then becomes! ocalfever and the pulsemore
frequent,the cheeks flushed and chills more
common. This Elixirin curing the abovecom-

| a < aw | 4

Norman’s Electro Curative Appliances

RELIEVE AND CURE i or STAND i a eee ee namckcen ae te

_ Spinal Complaints, General and NERVOUS DEBILITY, Rheumatism,| [rbot yericins, See eran, trtuallitnted et patonton:
Gout, Nervousness, Liver, Kidney, Lung, Throat and Chest Complaints,| 8itters- IT HEALS THE ULCERATED SURFACES
Neuralgia, Bronchitis, Incipient Paralysis, Asthma, Sciatica, Sprains, eve yon fh and relieves the cough and makes the breath-

ing easy. Itsupports the strengthand atthe
same time reduces the fever. Itisfreefrom
strong opiate and astringent articles, which
are ofso drying a natureas to be in great
danger of destroying the patient; whereas
this medicine never dries or stops the conzh,

Consumption, Sleeplessness, Colds, Indigestion.

Ask for Norman’s Electric Belts and you will be safe against imposition, for they will do their
work well and are cheap at any price.

~ a) ~
A. NORMAN , Ese, 2 } WATERVILLE, N. B. : but, by removing the cavss, generally des-
Dear Sir,—Please send me & waist belt. Enclosed find price. Head band I got for mv wife é II troys the hectic before the cough is entirely

has almost cared her of neuralgia. Yours truly, Cc, L, TILLEY. - Nt Sold by drug- gone. Consequently, when the cough is
Numerous of euch testimonials can be seen at my office, proving that they are doing a good work and worthy athe EVER ee end for SST eT ig
the attention ofall eufferers. Circulars free. No charge for consultation. N : pulmonary diseases. Price 25cts. and SI

per bottle. Sold everywhere.
HENRY, JOHNSONS & LORD, Props,
MONTREAL, P. Q.

» a “Ne N

a: a | aw

A. NORMAN, 4, Queen Street East, Toronto. n FAIL

N.H.—Trusses for Rupture, best in America, and Electric Batteries always on Land at
reasonable prices, LI7-ly

a

ee

_n inion Lands Act.

-8

TIMBER REGULATIONS.

The Winnipeg Zimes says that the recent
Order-in-Council regarding the timber regula-
tions has been received at the Crown Timber

office. The following are the regulations :—

HOMESTEADER’S FREE PERMIT.

Any occupant of a homestead quarter section
having no timber of his own, may, upon appli-
cation, obtain a permit to cut such quantity of
building timber, fencing timber or fuel as he
may require for use on his homestead, not ex-

ceeding the following :—

1,800 lineal feet of house timber, no log to be

over 12 in. at the small end.
400 roof rails.
30 cords of dry wood.
2,000 fence rails,

Should the house timber be sawn at a saw
mill, payment for sawing must not be made by
way of toll, as the full quantity of lumber cut
from the logs must be used on the permit-
In order that mill owners
may be able to give satisfactory evidence that
saw logs or lumber found in their possession
have been lawfully cut, they should require
from settlers bringing timber to be sawn, proof
that the same has not been cut on Dominion
Lands, or that it has been cut under a permit,
which the settler should produce in order that
its number, date and name of permittee may be
noted by the mill owner ; the latter should also
record the amount of such timber sawn by him,
so that he may be in a position to duly protect
himself should account or return thereof be de-

holder’s homestead.

manded by agents of the Department.

The applicant will require to pay an office fee
of 50 cents before he can obtain a permit, but no
dues will be charged for the timber or wood cut

under and in accordance with it,

Settlers whose farms may haye thereon a
supply of timber, or who are in possession of
wood lots, or other timbered lands, will not be

granted a free permit.
PERMITS SUBJECT TO DUES.

Permits under payment of dues may be

granted to those applying for them to cut tim-
ber on available vacant Dominion Lands, on

Condwoodipericoxdn ann inertia cence heen $ 25
Fence posts, 8 ft. 6 in, LONG CRCHs wire ae weet ics 1
Telegraph poles, 22 ft. LON PYEACaetatalsfews series 5
Bach lineal foot over 22 f6.....sscecsecesccasccs 1
Railroad ties, 8 ft, long. 4. .....sseccecssaever ee 3
Rails, wli2itt von serio earatslecinieectem tte 2 00
Stakes, 8 ft. long, per M........s.e000 sccce..., 2 00
Shingles sper. wt we gue eee ee ene etes 60
Square timber and saw logs of oak, elm, ash, or
Maple; Pex MlB Mis le mccteow dee meckeceeass 0

2 50
2 00

All other products of the forest not enumera-
ted, 10 per cent. ad valorem.

An office fee of 50 cents tobe charged for each
permit.

Issuers of permits will be instructod by the
Minister as to the limit of quantity that will be
granted ; also what proportion of dues shall be
deposited on issue of permit, as guarantee on the
part of those obtaining the same.

Besides the dues above specified, grantees of
permits may be called upon to pay such addition
thereto as the Minister may judge necessary to
meet their proportion of any expense that may
be incurred by the Department in survey, or
other demarcation, on the ground of the limits
within which such permits are to be operative,

Permits shall set forth that those obtaining
them must conform to the conditions, terms,
and requirements specified in the same, and
carefully restrict their cutting to the limits
lescribed therein ; and that any breach thereof
will subject the offender to all the pains and

} enalties in that behalf as set forth in the Do-

UCI i iii iy

WOODEN ARCHITECTURE.

Mr. Chas. Hayward, F. S, A., in an article,

Our Old Timber Work,” which recently ap
peared in the British Architect, calls attention
toe the revival of visible timber work construc-
ion, after so many years of neglect. ‘The fre-
juent design and construction of important
buildings in timber work,” he says, ‘‘and the
tendency to a further extension of the same, is
aremarkable feature of our times. It would
seem as if it were a law in our profession, as
well as elsewhere, that ideas of art should ‘come
as the waves come,’ and ebb and flow as the
tide, It appears more di nified to speak of our

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

in the future.

we cannot see it.

cottage, entirely of wood, elsewhere.

of the style in favour for the time.”

where in the country about us.

the inside.

we see a wooden chapel of the eleventh century,

they were then set up.

holding a holy water vessel.

the body of St. Edmund the king, on its way
(for the second time, date 1018) to ‘ Boedrice-
worth,’ thenceforth to” be called Bury St. Ed-
mund’s. So here is an open book on the earliest
wooden construction in England, which any one
may read.”—Zimber Trade’s Journal.

A FOREST FESTIVAL.

A large number of the lovers of the forests
assembled on Bear Hill, near Boston, October
22, to join in the Festival of the Forests, as the
call poetically expressed it. It was really a
meeting of a committee appointed by the
officials of the town of Medford to consider
what steps were advisable to preserve the
Middlesex fells region in a natural state. The
Honorable Elizur Wright was a member of the
committee, and we extract the following from a
report read by him :—

The committee is fully convinced by the
stumps it has seen that there is not a single one
of the multitude of rocky hills within this tract
which has not at some time in the past been
covered by large and flourishing white pine
trees, and, of course, they may be again, and in
a comparatively short time, if the proper and
not very expensive conditions are supplied.
These are, a little soil where the more or less
horizontal rock surface has become extensively

changes in taste and practice in this way than to
talk of them as mere fashion, though fashion,
no doubt, has in its most direct though caprici-
ous manner a great influence, not only on the
forms of architecture in use at various times,
but on the several kinds of materals also, at-
tempts at a ‘new style’ or a ‘new order,’ the
‘Victorian age,’ ‘nineteenth century Gothic,’
and so on, all showing a healthy, thoughtful
vigour existing in the old stock, and a hopeful-
ness ever new for something great to be evolved
When centuries have rolled by,
and men begin to reckon up the works of the
nineteenth century and twentieth century
architects, perhaps they may find that ‘some-
thing’ which we are now unconsciously striving
after, and haply helping to accomplish, though

“Some years ago there was for a little while a
fashion to) talk of importing timber houses
from Norway, designed and constructed all
complete, and one or two were actually brought
over in sections and set up. At the same time
the writer waa building, he says, a timber house
in Norway, which was actually carried out in a
modified form. Curiously it happened that a
little later he was called upon to build a man-
sion of old ship timber in Cornwall, and a Swiss
The study
of some foreign books, as well as of all such
home and foreign timber constructions, becames
specially interesting, and he would now recom-
mend it to those who may be enabled by the
present wave of fashion to evolve something out

The writer concludes as follows :—‘‘ We all
know the glorious examples of Cheshire, Shrop-
shire, Worcestershire, &c., besides the smaller
excellent examples to be found nearly every-
But I would
point to one of our very earliest constructions
in wood—well known, and yet, I dare say, sel-
dom remembered—as the very fountain-head of
that little stream “which became eventually a
great flood of art, and covered the whole land.
I refer to the little church of Greenstead, in
Essex, built in the early part of the eleventh
century, of which the walls are composed mere-
ly of portions of trunks of trees—thick outside
slabs—split or roughly hewn off, measuring 12
to 18 inches across, and 10 to 12 Inches thick,
roughly joined with tongues, but smoothed on
These uprights, never more than 5
ft. to 6 ft. high, were originally tenoned into a
head and cill ; but in restorations carefully car-
ried out some yeass ago the cill had to be re-
moved and the lower ends of the timbers cut off
as far as they had rotted, and a new cill on
brickwork substituted. Substantially, however,

and the timbers, sound and hearty, standing as
One of them on the
north side—where there was an original door-
way—has a notch cut in it for the purpose of
It seems pretty
certain that this chapel was erected for the pur-
pose of receiving as a temporary resting-place

fires.

black walnut would grow luxuriantly.

oxygen.

prevent the evaporation of the water.

possible, is too obvious to need proof.

fells than the people.

forests of the future.

what it now is.

vate caprice, are :

his rye, thus creating a desert.

in a fit place, shall ever be killed.

by seeing good examples on a large scale.

ests.
not be allowed to injure them.

question,

THE FUTURE MOTOR POWER.
The steam engine, which has been the means

of revolutionizing manufacturing and transpor-

tation, was spoken of with a good deal of dispar-
agement by several of the members of the British

Association for the advancement of Science at

the late meeting at Bath. Nearly every person
who spoke on the subject gave it a bad name.
It was stated that it was expensive to build,
costly to run, difficult to keep in repair, danger-
ous to life and property, cumbersome, produc-
tive of dirt and noise, and not adapted to many
purposes where a motor is required. In the
opinion of some, the steam engine has had its
day, and played its part, and was now ready to
be put.in a museum of curiosities. They think
it is behind the times, and that it should give
place to something better. These scientific men
of Great Britain object to the steam engine
because it does not meet the wants of the
present age ; and for the additional reason that
it is fast consuming the coal that will be wanted
for heating purposes. They want a better force,
more locomotion, quicker travel, less expense,
and greater security. They want something
that will propel canoes as well as ships; that
will run sewing machines as well as trip-ham-
mers ; that will draw pleasure carriages as well
as railway cars, They desire a motor that will

bare, seedlings planted, and exemption from
Fires are fatal to young pines and hem-
locks, and that is the reason why the hills are
now mostly covered with scrubby oak and other
trees that sprout from the roots. These
deciduous trees, even if exempted from fires, do
not attain any considerable size, except in the
valleys, which, in the fells, are comparatively
narrow. Then, if fed with the muck, which isa
nuisance in the reservoirs, ash, maple, oak, and

White pines ask almost nothing from the
ground, except anchorage, and that they find
for themselves in the eracks of the rocks. They
take their food and rapidly build up their
beautiful and perennial shades and venerable
trunks, from the air, and no tree does more to
adorn the winter landscape, to absorb and
decompose the gases deleterious to lung and life,
appropriating the carbon and restoring the
They are the most effective as well as
the most delightful purifiers of the air, and the
density of the summer shades does the most to

That all the land of this tract, not occupied
by the reservoirs of water and the residences
and gardens of the people charged with the care
of it, should be covered with the densest forest
Other-
wise the sun will drink more water from these

The progress, if not the perpetuity, of the
human race on this good planet depends on the
This is the teaching of
history, as well as of chemistry and meteorolo-
gy. Twohundred years ago men had a right to
more fields and less wood on this continent, but
the war has already been carried too far, and,
if a healthy population is to increase, the tree
population must increase, with equal pace, from

The reasons why the propagation and care of
forests should, to some extent, be a govern-
mental function, and not be left wholly to pri-

1. Individual life is too short to have trees
planted during its period, come to maturity.
The individual proprietor of land, especially if
not very wealthy, is prone to cut his crop of
trees before it is ripe, and as clean as he does

2. A forest, in the absence of fire, never dies
any more than a good government. Therefore a
good government will take care that no forest,

3. Getting the best results from a forest re-
quires a science and skill which but few indi-
vidual proprietors can be expected to have.
They all will best acquire such science and skill

4, Pure air and pure water are common inter-
Private caprice, ignorance or greed should

Preserving the purity of the air, especially, is
not only a municipal, but a national and world

not consume fuel, produce smoke, or cause nois
that can be managed by a child and run, if d
sired, ina parlor. They want something th
will do all the steam engine does and mai
things beside.
In the opinion of most of the scientists o
Great Britain, electricity is to take the place «
steam in driving machinery and moving cars
and is to be generated by the action of tide
winds and falling water. They predict thai
wind-power will be utilized to a greater exte
than any person in a previous age ever believe
that it would. Wind will generate electricit;
for moving machinery, for lighting streets an
warming dwellings in Ireland, Belgium, De
mark and other countries where there are fe
streams that afford water-power. The me
ments of the tide will produce the same effec
in most countries that have an an extensive
coast, while the fall of water in rivers a1
streams will generate electricity in all mountain
‘regions. The great electrical exhibition at Pari
is doing much to draw attention to what is called
the motor-power of the future. A picture called
“The Queen of the Nineteeth Century ” hang
in many of the shop windows. It is a female
figure surrounded with a halo, and emitting rays
of light from the hands, which are raised as if
to enable the being to fly. The light give
arms the appearance of wings. The artist i
enthusiast, and is regarded by many
prophet. We all hope that his fair predictior
may be realized. The steam-engine is a good
thing, but we are ready forsomething better. It
has done so well that till recently scientific men
and inventors have not troubled themselves to
make something better. Now that attention is
drawn to electricity, great results may be
expected.

LUMBERING-AND FARMING.

There was a time when lumbermen scouted
the idea of mixing their pursuit with farming.
When they bought timber land they valued it
for the logs and timber it would produce. For
years the light, sandy soil on which pine gre
in Michigan and Wisconsin, was considered
nearly worthless for agricultural purposes.
Lumbermen would strip this land of its forest
growth, and then turn it over to the dominion
of wilderness denizens, the wild beasts, and to
the annual sweep of the devouring ‘tempests of
fire. But latterly a more economical spirit has
aroused the owners Of pine lands to make better
use of their denuded real estate. Some of them
have become awake to the conviction that it
were cheaper to grow food supplies on their own
soil, in the immediate vicinity of their logging
camps, than to first pay for them in distant
markets, and afterwards transport them, at a
heavy cost, to the far-away camps. In the
matter of grain and vegetables a great saving is
thus made. Besides, their lands are thus con-
verted from a dead waste of fallen limbs, and
discarded timber, intermixed with growing
briars, brambles and tangled undergrowth, to
fruitful fields, and acquire a fair, saleable value
as farm property. That heavy lumber concern,
the Ludington, Wells & Van Schaick Company
has adopted this thrifty scheme, and this year,
on its own two farms, has raised 3,000 bushels
of potatoes. Its other products this season
consist of 400 bushels of onions, 500 bushels of
beets, 300 bushels of carrots, and 5,000 heads of
cabbage, besides peas, beans and other farm
products. These will enter into the food sup-
ply of the logging camps this winter, wherein
600 men will be employed. In this connection
it may be interesting to mention the other sup-
plies that supplement those produced on the
company’s farms, and which mostly have to be
purchased outside the lumber district. Among
these are 800 barrels of flour, 300 barrels of beef
thirty barrels of syrup, 35 barrels of peas, fo Yy
barrels of dried apples, and 300 bushels of
beans. Its stock will consume 500 tons of hay,
20,000 bushels of oats, corn, bran, etc. Fifteen
barrels of kerosene oil will be required to lig
its camps.—Worthwestern Lumberman, ;

WE understand that Mr. Thos. Deacon, Q.
C., of Pembroke, has bought the old mill on the
Tay, and that the machinery is being removed
and the dam taken down. This will be the
means of draining a large tract of land former!)
drowned by the mill dam,—Perth Expositor. —

=

™ (AW

oe |) oa eens

oe Pe eae SY ae ey eee See Oe eee

, lee in

Chips.

Messrs. FLEWWELLING shipped from St.
John, N. B., a large lot of matches to the
West Indies per the Rothesay, which sailed on
Saturday, November 12th.

Merritt CHANDLER has sold to Thompson
Smith, in the Cheboygan, Mich., district, the
standing timber on 8,000 acres of land, the con-
sideration being $33,000.

THE tow-boat George Washington, said to be
the oldest on the Hudson River, has just been
examined and licensed for another year. It was
built in 1830 of live oak and cedar.

THE receipts at Albany, up to October 25,
were 52,000,000 feet in excess of 1880, and it is
expected that at least 70,000,000 feet more will
arrive. The demand is reported firm.

Every dam owned by the Black River
Flooding Association, Wis., was wrecked by
the recent floods, and an assessment of $10,000
was lately levied on the stockholders to make the
necessary repairs.

THERE will be a great deal of lumbering on
the Restigouche and Metapedia rivers and their
tributaries this winter. A great many more
people are putting in teams than last year.
Scows loaded with provisions and camp equip-
ages are towed up stream daily.

THE Mail states that a vessel laden with lum-
ber left Toronto on Nov. 10th, bound for Porto
Rico, where she will get a return cargo of sugar.
Hitherto lumber for the West Indies has been,
with the exception of a few cargoes, from Mont-
real, shipped from New York.

THERE is a jam of 12 miles of logs at Sand
Creek, and an_8 mile jam at Newaygo, with
one mile more at the Flats. There are fully
100,000,000 feet of logs in the booms here. In
order to cut all these floating giants of the
forest this season it will be necessary for all the
mills to run night and day.

Messrs. R. P. & W. F. Starr are loading
the brig Sarah Wallace, now at the railway
wharf, at St. John, N.B., with a large assorted
cargo for Bermuda. The cargo includes onion
ends and slats, tomato ends and slats, a lot of
boards and about 40 cords of soft wood for fire-
wood—all from Messrs. Flewwelling, of Hamp-

ton.
Tue Montreal Gazette says hemlock bark is

quoted in this market at from $7 to $7.50 per
cord, latest sales being reported by the car load
at within that range of prices. Canadian bark
has advanced one dollar per cord in the Boston
market to $150. Freights have also advanced
$9 per car from our bark districts to Salem,
Mass., being now $52@53 per car. The farmers
in Salem are manifesting considerable dissatis-
faction over the advance.

AN improved machine for grinding wood for
paper pulp has been patented by Mr. Nicolaus
Kraiser, of Grellingen, Switzerland. The in-
vention consists in a grinding stone mounted on
a suitable shaft and surrounded by a casing,
with a series of boxes on the sides for containing
the blocks of wood, which are pressed against
the sides of the stone by a rack and pinion actu-
ated by a weight, or by springs or hydraulic
pressure, whereby the block of wood is converted
into a wood pulp.

Tue North Hastings Review says that the
rush to the shanties commenced on Monday.
During the day a large number of waggon loads
of men and outfits left this village, and the same
evening five large loads of Rathbun’s men aariy-
ed here on their way back. It is said that more
men are going to the woods this season than for
some years past. One reason is probably on
account of the destructive fires which prevailed
last fall, rendering it necessary to secure the
timber on the burnt limits without delay.

Tue Duluth Loke Superior News says J.S:
Taylor & Sons are commencing preparations for
logging on a large scale this winter. They have
had a force all eummer at their Stewart River
camps, and will add to this crew enough men
to get out some 3,000,000 feet, they hope, this
winter. They have been at heavy expense in
opening roads, building camps, etc., but now
that such work is done, they can log to better
advantage than last winter. Their logs now on
Stewart River, some 500,000 to 700,000 feet,
they will leave until next spring on account of
the latencvs of the season,

THE (CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

NORTHERN MINNESOTA’S PINE TIMBER.
Lumbermen are beginning to turn their atten-

tion to the splendid pine timber resources of

Northern Minnesota, and it is safe to predict
that it will not be many years before the
northern portion of the North Star State—now
almost a trackless forest—will be dotted with
saw mills which will pour their products into
the Red River Valley and Manitoba over the
two lines of railway that are now certain to be
constructed through the region referred to—one
by the Northern Pacific Railway Company,
from Brainerd, on the Mississippi River, to
Emerson, and one from Duluth, also to termin-
ate at this point. The splendid pine timber
lands in the vicinity of Red Lake, being an
Indian Reservation, still remain intact, but at-
tention is being turned to the Government lands
along Rainy River, the boundary line between
Minnesota and Keewatin. A number of Duluth
lumbermen have formed two companies, known
respectively as ‘‘The Rainy River Log Running
and Improvement Company,” and the “‘ Rainy
River Boom Company.” The incorporators
are, in each case, John Maguire, 8. R. Went-
worth, D. E. Little, P. M. Graff, E. D. Graff,
and J. R. Cook. The object of the first is to
‘improve for navigation and running of logs
and timber the Little Fork, Big Fork and Rainy
Rivers.” The object of the second is to ‘‘con-
struct, maintain, operate and keep in reasonable
repair good and suflicient boom or booms at or
near the mouth of Rainy River, for the purpose
of collecting, receiving and securing any and all
logs or timber that may. be floated or driven
down the Rainy River.” The capital stock of
the ‘‘ Rainy River Log Running and Improve-
ment Co.” is fixed at $30,000, and of the ‘‘Rainy
River Boom Co.” at $25,000. Thereis the same
board of directors in both companies, viz., John
Maguire, D. E. Little and John R. Cook.—
Emerson International.

The Fuel of the Future.

The National Gazette makes the following an-
nouncement in regard to the use of petroleum
as fuel :—We shall soon be able to announce a
wonderful stride in the mechanical appliances
for using liquid fuel for generating steam in
both marine and land boilers. The matter is
in the hands of practical men, who will soon
demonstrate they can make from twenty-eight
to thirty gallons of crude petroleum, costing
from eighty-five to ninety cents, do the work of
a ton of coal, oosting from $4 to $4.25, without
dirt or smoke, and when, as in the case of a
large steamer carrying from forty to forty-five
men in the fire room, one man in each will be
abundantly able to keep up a uniform pressure
of steam at all times. Liquid fuel is the inter-
vening step between coal and electricity, which
will, in due season, furnish motion for the
world,

West Indian Trade.

The schooner Guelph is loading lumber at the
N.R.R. wharf in Toronto, for the West Indies,
where she will obtain return freights of sugar
and molasses for Halifax or St. Lawrence ports
during the winter. The shippers of the lumber,
Messrs. Musson & Morrow, of Toronto, hope
that by next summer she may return to Cana-
dian lake ports with West Indian products.
This experimental cargo of say 220,000 feet to
Porto Rico is a venture the result of which will
be looked for with interest. It exhibits enter-
prise, at least, and much may depend upon the
successful or unsuccessful issue of this effort
to introduce the islands of the Gulf of Mexico
to the islands of the Western lakes direct,
through the medium of their products.—Mone-
tary Times.

Wooden Dishes.

The Wooden Dish factory is a new and ex-
tensive industry just started at Indianapolis,
Ind. Not many years ago persons would have
laughed at the idea of wooden dishes, but they
have become a necessity. They are cut from the
sycamore or the gum tree by most ingenious
machinery, which will cut and trim 200,000
dishes a day ; other machines shape and fast-
en the cups together. J ifteen of these are em-
ployed, each of which can turn out 10,000 daily.
The wood is, of course steamed, so as to he
readily worked and moulded,—WV, Y. Observer,

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.

BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER ay

J. &. POL & CO:
LUMBER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.

Os wWHGO, I.

L12-ly

J.& FL N, TENNANT

Dealers in all kinds of

Lumber, Lath & Shingles,

Office, Union Loan Building,
Toronto Street, Toronto.

L2426

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,

Wholesale Lumber Dealers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE, OAK,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY, BUT-
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &e.

far P.S.—A SET OF TUB MACHINERY FOR SALE,
CHEAP—OR EXCHANGE FOR LUMBER. ly116

A. L, UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN

White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ONT, |
FOR SALH.

The Dexter & Whitwam Manufacturing
Company, offer for Sale the Entire

Real Estate Plant and Machinery

OF THEIR EXTENSIVE

BENDING & TURNING FACTORY

Situated in the City of St. Thomas, in the County of
Elgin, Ontario. For full particulars apply to H.
BROWN, Manager, or E. MOORE, President. L20tf

J. T. LAMBERT,

Lumber and Commission Agent.

FOR SALE.

150 Mls. White Pine, 1 x 10 Stock.
do iad

175 1x12
L1G Act do 2x0)” <€
20 mes do Pp a LS
140 ‘ do linch Siding .
20 «€ do 1} “
40“ do 2x10 Joists.
Gi. Cedar, 3x6 cs
They be Basswood, 1} inch.
APPLY AT THE OFFICE, L20

WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA.

NIT
FLEMING:SON)

HECTROL SH

26 COLBORNE: ST. oat

We have added to our plant all the latest improved
machinery for Electro and Stereotyping, and the manu-
facture of Printers Furniture, facilities for executing
work which no other establishment in the Dominion
possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent.
A large assortment of various cuts constantly on hand.
FLEMING & SON,

114 26 Colborne St., Toronto.

9

PORTLAND FOUNDRY.
JOSEPH McAFEE,

(LATE AXG

Warehouse, Main &t., St. John, N-B.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS

MANUPACTT

| Cooking, Ship, Pariak & , Office Stoves

MILL CASTINGS

Ship Windlasses, Capstans, and
Ship Castings of all kinds,

(MADE TO ORDER.)

Power Capstans, Patent Ship Pumps
ly With Copper Chambers. 120
Lead Scuppers & Water Closets & all
goods in my line for Ships’ use.
Work done to Order with Quick Despatch.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

6 McArer.)

FORWARDERS,
ShippingsGeneral Agents
PORT HOPE.

KERR DAUS,

PRACTICA

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrights.

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators & Steam Hoists,

Saw ald Flour Mill Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL
TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
DOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND
MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

LIGHT and HEAVY BRASS and TRON

CASTINGS.
Jes Plans and Specifications on application. EX

The Walkerville Foundry

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881.

10

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

Aarket Heports.

MONTREAL.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Nov. 24th.—The shipping season is now over,
and navigation from this port is closed, only a
few market boats are still running, which are
to go into winter quarters on Saturday. The
total shipments of lumber from Montreal to the
River Plate during the past season and for
previous years were as follows :—

Pine. Spruce, Total ft. Pick’s.
DSS iireerselsiaiy 11,806,152 1,023,644 12,829,796 35,145
LESSON se ereidisre 10,420,080 eons
LOT OD iviete'cisiele 12.476,150
TSS erence. . 10,855,246
IVifoacaodnd 8,787,928
ASTON caskets 3,437,000
LST Biarersielseiate . 10,123,000
LS Aero ieteleyele 16,262,293
STC IS SAE AAT 36,073,919
eV Pane Cae 28,234,968
USL tayetereliniate 16,005,935

It will be nobiead inom the above table that
the shipments have been larger this year than
any previous year since 1874. The total ship-
ments of deals from Montreal to English ports
during the season of 1881 were 18,236,849 feet,
against 18,701,835 feet for the season of 1880,
showing a decrease of 464,986 feet. There is a
good deal of lumber lying on the wharfs yet,
which has lately arrived, and dealers are busy
getting it transported into yards. The demand
lately has been light, and there is really so little
done in this market that prices do not fluctuate
much, if any, we therefore repeat our former

quotations. For building lumber, ex yard, we
continue to quote :—

Pine, 1st quality, = a palalofetee ole etvcyoisiclarereta $32 00@40 00
Mine Sn carats mine Mr atatelevelalets leis ie'eeisuainete 18 00@24 00
Pine, shipping salle * ME ate its analesSratee «fe 12 00@15 00
Pine, CUM deals sdiiMiy dein weiss stolvccia-le 8 00@10 00
Pinemmilliculls saa yulsentienteiienisiieir eerste 5 00@ 6 50
SPLucemqpuMitsretsieraisieleialereverenteistrcivisic eieieienie 8 00@10 00
emlock sqaure, ehieneeeettindriciee slr 8 00@10 00
Ash, run ‘of long culls. CL! go unos 16 00@18 00
Bass, as «+» 14 00@16 00
Oak,’ ABM Ei ctets 35 00@45 00
Birch, ®M........ 17 00@20 00
Hard Maple, # M 18 00@25 00
Ie CO eo ongsdand 1 26@ 1 35
Shingles, lst, @M .... ........ oe -. 8 00@ 0 00
Shingles, 2nd, #M...... Boaebudn Joqnunde 2 00@ 0 00

Corpwoop.—The cold weather for the past
few days has stimulated the demand, but it is

been brisk for the time of year. 'Though}the | dimension’stuff. Still a little further west we begin QUOTATIONS, CAE LOADS.
sales have been small, they have been numerous, | come to the yard owned by J. B. Smith, this | M boarde and scantling.................. £9
and it is simply a demand for the requirements | gentleman being largely interested in the manu- ii aaa eae b sarees eaodbaiaaes 7 eae =
to make things snug and secure for winter. facture of all building material, does not at any | Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft. -- il
I am informed that a lumberman in this city | time carry a large stock of dimension stuff, but “ “ “ 4 ae re pi
is desirous of selling out an established business. | 1s well up in all kinds of dressed lumber, and i e “22 tt. 8
It might be worth the notice of some of your | furnishes large bills for points as far east as ms “s “ ott. % is
readers. Montreal, and is one of our oldest and most Beanifing and sole, xp tp 2508 er 16
Prices are about the same as in my last letter. | reliable dealers here. A little further east and “ “ spanish oe obi s =
on the corner of Queen and Sherbourne streets, fe is Bh bscnsee, savesones 22
Later. we have the yard owned by De LaPlant & Co., “ “ “ pot ea =
Nov. 24.—Since my last letter of two weeks} who carry a compact little stock, and are also as “4 “s “*.. AO tO46 i, ocean 32
ago nothing of particular note has transpired in | wood and coal dealers. One mile to the N. W. EP ard ata festdatareten noir be

of the last mentioned we come to the yard own-
ed by C. H. Edwards, whose stock is extremely
light, and largely difficient in the various sizes
of joisting. A compact trade is done by Mr.
Edwards, he being also a dealer in coal and
wood. A little farther north stands the yard

of P. A. Scott, this yard has been circumscribed | }
by the action of our City Council in forcing a
street through it, and for which, it is claimed by
the proprietor, he has not been adequately re-
munerated. However, considering the size of
the yard, he carries a snug stock, but like all
the other yards mentioned, short in dimension
stuff. South-west of this yard we arrive at the
premises kept by Messrs. Hillock & Kent, and,
considering the size, they undoubtedly carry the
best assorted and most compact stock to be
found in the city, and although their stock may
not be quite as varied as the dealer on whose
sign read ‘‘ Tar, Treacle, Gohly Books, Gimlets,
etc., etc., sold here,” still anything in the wood
line from lignum vite, or boxwood, to clear pine
lumber, can constantly be obtained here. To
the south of this yard, and situated on the
esplanade, we find the extensive shops and
yards kept by John Oliver, and to give you
anything like a full description of the stock held
by this firm would take up more space than can
at present be spared, suffice it to say that their
stock is both a varied and costly one. They do
not profess to carry a large stock of pine, but in
hard woods and fancy woods, including veneers,
they doubtless bear off the palm from all other
yards of the kind in the Dominion, and the
entire yard being covered over enables them to
keep their stock in the best order pessible. One
mile to the northwest of this yard we come to
the yard of Messrs. S. & S. J. Willcock, former-

this market. Lumber merchants seem all to be
well occupied, and are sending“ out from their
yards considerable stock for the purposes stated
in my former, letter,éviz., making things snug
and secure against the winter{blasts.

Building, as may naturally be expected, is
not now rushing, but mill men say they are
busy notwithstanding. The large block of
wholesale houses to be built onthe Holman
Opera House site, it has been said, will not be
proceeded with this winter, but I have been in-
formed in an authentic quarter that it will, and
that the present building (Opera House) will be
razed in a week or two, The contract for the
lumber is not yet given out, but will be now in
afew days.

Messrs. Green’s mill is again rebuilt, and part
of the machinery is at work.

I was informed the other day that the market
here had advanced from one dollar to one dollar
and a half, the result of a like advance in Sarnia,
where the merchants have certainly put up their
prices that much, but on making a very search-
ing enquiry, I find prices here remain about the
same, with an upward tendency, however, and
the probability is that my next price list will
have to undergo very material revising. Some
parties in town are selling shingles at $2.90, but
the bulk of the merchants, and in fact the mer-
chants proper, are keeping their figures up at
last quotations. Though Sarnia lumbermen
have advanced, the Goderich men remain firm
at former rates, and this is probably one reason
why we have not advanced here. We do not
take a great deal of lumber from Sarnia.

My report of the market at this date is,—very
firm and steady, with indications of an ad-

>
8
5

HrweBSaSEeesy LS

SeSSSSSSSss SSesessssesessvesssss

Nov. 23rd.—All indications in this vicinity
show conclusive signs that lumbering operations
for the season of 1881 have come to a close,
The last fleet of barges for American ports left
this week. All the mills, with the exception of
one or two, have put on their winter’s dress,
and the small army of mill hands have left for
the scene of their winter’s work in the shanties
of the different firms’ limits on the Upper Otta-
wa, The closing this year is somewhat earlier
than former seasons, owing to the supply of
logs becoming short. Retrospectively speaking,
the result of

THE SEASON’S OPERATIONS

cannot be said to have come up to general ex-
pectations formed at the commencement of the
year. Various causes are adduced for this, the
principal one being the impossibility of having
the logs cut last winter driven to their destina-
tion, owing to the early and continued falling of
the water on the tributaries of the Ottawa. It
is estimated that between Chats Rapids (where
there are about 200,000 logs) and Frost’s
Channel, there are between 350,000 and 400,000
saw logs. These will have to remain where

not very brisk, as yet; high prices seem to | V@nce. : 3 i i
a y y ° sale e Below are the prices at present :— ly Richardson & Willcock, the senior member they ty until next spring. There are numerous
make people use coal instead. There are con x : his aad is now con- | ther instances of
siderable quantities still on the wharves, for QUOTATIONS, having lately —— wibrieiidiiass ee stock LOGS BEING STUCK,
which holders would would probably shade | Mill cull boards and scantling............-0ss00. w0/0G ducted by the pee ie ae 5 and the quantity that will thus be held over will
> Shipping cull boards, promiscuous widths...... 11 00 ried by this firm in their yard is at all times ;
prices rather than cart it into yards. The only 10 and 12in. stocks....... 11 504 ©" aoe a cuits aan Ke be very large. Notwithstanding this the lumber
change in prices is in tamarack, which is now Sette SE ee Toh pees light, and is ae mo nof their orders | CODCe™®S have made preparations to take out an
quoted lower. Our figures are now on wharf, 3 % ce P eids hv Soeanste scce aee 14 50 | orm ae * oe pe considerable | *Y¢TSs® Dumber the coming winte® and it is an-
ex cartage :— “ “ “« es . PE CDOS SECO fs a direct Rony ae) be: : ticipated, all things being favorable, that
Long Maple. SLL Lollies 28 00] 0086 for, piling and teaming, and the business > os 5 oe cast maaan nnns any
Short 00) }Common (stocks) ernie cwesaltteeen cemeee cena 14 00] done by this firm in this way is quite large. h f
Long Birch. . Commioni Zins plaice selaniseni eels eeeieleimeinereitee 13 00 | Nearl ile to the north-west of this yard and other season for years past, as a greater amount
Short ‘“ Cutting up plank and boards’'*:.............6+ 18 00 coe Bah tS 2 y of logs will be brought down. Contracts enter-
Long Beech. Sound dressing Stocks.... .sssceessesecsessecce 17 00] near the corner of College and Bathurst streets, = eae
Short “ . Clea¥iand picksarstmiuiaaueaten mi taen eto Mee 31 00] stands th d owned by Messrs. Davidson & ed into at the beginning of the season have been
Long Tamarack Three uppers, Am. inspection..........cseseseee So 00Ne ce ee y ale pretty well fulfilled.
hort pack dressed and matched flooring ........... 20 00] Malcolm. ‘The members of this firm are both FEW SALES
Fc 4 Mie Ma met) LemeSM Og Gu - mn young men and only started in business one] ane reported lately. Yards hereabouts are
LONDON, ONT. XXX sawn shingles, M. - 300] year ago, and have already earned for them-| fairly stocked now, but by the end of a few
From Our Own Correspondent, ar ce ol Nt 4 001 selves a good reputation for prudence and push. months they will presenta rather barren appear-
Nov, 10th.—Less than twenty years ago it : ; The stock carried by this firm is light in bill ance, as, besides the local trade, on an average
would have been considered a foolish undertak- TORONTO. stuff, but well up in boards, shingles, and lath, seventy and eighty carloads of lumber leave the

ing to commence the erection of a huge block of
buildings at this season ef the year. I under-
stand, however, that ere we are many days
older the process’ of tearing down the Holman
Opera House will begin, and on its site are to
be built a handsome block of wholesale stores,
and the building is to go on at once. Since we
have had the Grand Opera House to go to, the
Holman place has gone the way of all old and
time worn institutions. The purchase of the
property has been made by Messrs. Birrell, of
the wholesale house of John Birrell & Co., and
two other gentlemen, and it is the intention of
the Birrel firm to occupy the largest portion of
the new premises as their store, and no better
site could be chosen, in fact this Holman proper-
ty may be said to be about as valuable a one as
there is in London, being situated, as it is,
right in the heart of the city, on the principal
street, and close to the G. W. R. depot. Well,
all this description is only a prelude to inform-
ing you that the woodwork and lumber contract
will be probably in the neighbourhood of
$10,000, and it is expected that it will be given
out to private contract, that is, no tenders will
be publicly solicited.

In the past two weeks the lumber market has

and the business done by this firm is rapidly in-
creasing. To the south-west of this yard, and
near the corner of Queen and Bathurst streets,
stands the yard owned by Wm. Latch. The
stock on hand here is also light in bill lumber,
and only a scant stock of good boards. The
business done by this firm is more of a car load
business than retail. Near the village of Park-
dale stand two yards, divided only by a board
fence, the first of which is owned by Messrs.
McKinley & Son. This firm are exceedingly
close and careful buyers, and carry at all times
a snug stock, and having the city to the east of
them, and the village of Parkdaleto the west, and
the railroads passing close to their yard, they have
a good opportunity of filling up their yard with
short hauling, and a brisk building trade im-
mediately around them. The yard to the west
of the last named is owned by Joseph Davidson,
and is the largest yard in point of superficial
area in the city, and is the only yard in which
the writer found a good stock of bill lumber.
The facilities enjoyed by Mr. Davidson for
furnishing this class of lumber will account for
the stock in his yard. In the better class of
lumber he falls short of many others before
named,

From Our Own Correspondent,

Nov. 22nd.—Lumber shipments from this
port to the American market may be said to
have virtually closed for this season. Some few
cargoes may yet go forward, but the determina-
tion of all insurance companies not to insure
deck loads makes it unprofitable for vessel
owners, as few shippers care to run the risk
themselves, and to stow good lumber in the hold
is not desirable; so that both shippers and
vessel owners must work at a disadvantage in
any more shipments they may see fit to make
this season,

The decrease in shipments for the American
market has resulted in a marked increase of
lumber for the local market, and it may not be
amiss to give you a record of my observations
as to the stocks carried by the various yards
which T have visited :—

Bryce Bros., corner of Front and Frederick
streets, hold perhaps the largest stock of heavy
bill lumber to be found in any of the yards
here, and their stock is only light compared
with that held by that firm at other times in the
past ; the next yard, a little further west on the
esplanade, is that of Reid & Co., their stock is
a compact one, but deficient in various kinds of

Chaudiere weekly for Boston during the winter
months. Quotations rule firm, but there is a
prospect of an advance, the supply being small
and the demand on the American market on the
increase. The average quarterly export of lum-
ber and shingles from this port to the States is
valued at about $550,000.
BUSH FIRES

in the Ottawa Valley during the past season
have caused a great amount of damage, the loss
on limits being estimated at $5,000,000. In the
Gatineaa district thousands of acres of moun-
tain covered with pine and hemlock are burned
every season by fires either started by settlers
or parties prospecting for phosphates. In this
connection it is gratifying to know that strin-
gent measures are to be adopted by the Govern-
ment of the Province of Quebec to prevent this
great destruction of the forests. A Bill to this
effect is being prepared and will be submitted
at the next session of the Local House that will
assure the needed protection in that Province,
at least.

SAW LOG JOBBERS
are beginning their operations. Rates paid are
$1.10 per standard for pine, and 50 cents for
spruce logs, Owing to the prevailing scarcity

of shantymen, wages are on the increase. $15
to $18 is paid to common shanty hands, $20 to
$22 to log-makers, and $35 to cullers,—fully
twenty per cent. more than the wages paid last

year.
ON THE LIEVERES,

a tributary of the Ottawa emptying at Bucking-
ham, below this city, lumbering operations this
winter will be carried out on a more extensive
scale than ever before. The opening of the
large phosphate mines in that district gives rise
to a new market.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Ross Bros., Buckingham, will have no shanties
next winter on Priest Creek, their limits in that
locality having been destroyed by forest fires.

Mr. Martin, of this city, has erected a mill
in the west part of Templeton.

In expectation of a large traffic in river navi-
gation next summer, boat builders about here
expect to putin a busy winter. Over sixty
hands are now employed building lumber barges
in the yards at Hull, opposite this city.

—_————_>_-_——-
ST. JOHN, N. B.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Novy. 21st.—Although our harbour is open all
winter, and shipments may be‘made any day in
the year so far as the frost is concerned, still
shipping operations from the present date till
spring must necessarily be on a very limited
scale, consequently we cannot expect much of
general interest to report concerning our wood
trade during that period.

DEALS.

As a consequence of the unusual scarcity of
deals, prices have advanced somewhat since last
report. Country sawn are worth $10, and sales
of city manufacture have been made at $11 per

M. superficial feet.
FREIGHTS.

Since our last the bottom appears te have
dropped out of the freight market.
are well supplied with tonnage, and,the stock of
deals for which tonnage has not been engaged is
so very light that holders are disposed to wait
their time, and take full advantage of their
position. The last transaction reported was
that of the Arklow, 728 tons, for east coast of
Ireland or Bristol Channel, at 56s. 3d.

SHIPMENTS.

The shipments of deals and other sawn lumber

are as follows :—

WMG ACO pe sap widleteldaicle’e ee case sicice 6,852,000 Sup. feet.
SU GC SEAGCRS oc ciais vie swieisieve 1,661,000 ne
MTR AO ae asain (ae aie\a\~ oi <2 540,000
MO WERtMISIICS- soc omeeeesicc secs 397,000 s

SHIPPING,
The following is a list of the vessels in port,
with their tonnage and destinations :—

Paramatta, 925, Bristol Channel.

Latona, 945, Liverpool, London or Bristol Channel.
Bertie Bigelow, 1,142, Liverpool.

Andrew Johnson, 2,005, Liverpool.

Thos. N. Hart, 1,200, London.

Sea Bird, 333, Liverpool.

Avonmore, 1,398, London.

John Campbell, 729, London.

Maori, 700, Londonderry.

Annie Stafford, 1,200, London.

European (s), 1,774, Liverpool or London.
Arklow, 728, E. C. Ireland or Bristol Channel.
Abram Young, 756, waiting.

Atlantic, 412, discharging.

es
ALBANY.

Novy. 22.—We have had several very busy
days in the district since our last report, receiv-
ing, storing and shipping lumber. Buyers from
New York, the east, and New Jersey, have been
pretty plenty, not purchasing by large lots, but
taking hold freely to piece out, and in some in-
stances taking lots of 100,000 to 300,000 feet,
Prices are steadily maintained. Our official re-
port of receipts by canal are to the 8th inst,
only ; since then receipts have been large,
blocking up the canal at several points. The
demand for vessels is active ; all offerings are
taken on arrival.

Coarse lumber is coming forward rapidly and
is disposed of about as fast as it arrives, and at
full prices ; from now to the close of navigation
a large business will be done.

The receipts by canal at Albany from the
opening of navigation to the 8th inst. were :—

EAs. & Scti.,ft. Shingles,m. Tirnber,ft. Staves,Ibs.
1A1....499,14,000 9,280 1,000 6,555,000
1B0....240,627, 00 6,379 10,686 638,209

¥reights.—Prem Tonawanda to Albany,
22.0). From Oswego to Albany, $2. From
Port Hope to Oswego, $1.40. From Ottawa to
Albany, by boats, $1.50 ¥ M, feet,

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Shippers |

Quotations at the yards are as follows :—

PWIGe CLCAT, GM seine Sacesesaswasigecee .353 00@63 00
aan Tere ROUNC UG ya wa'v din ncoaeis dise't's\9 0 niele¢ «oles - 48 00@58 00
MIRC BERGCTE 5 cctctysidig a/alpiepio: aces.» ne %pin's\Fieie 43 00@53 00
POA ROO DOK escie Mhtesevcesenss toads 19 00@31 00
Pine, 10-in. plank, each.- ease waves 00 38@00 44
Pine, 10-in. plank, culls, cach....... «+... 00 19@00 22

Pine boards, 10-in...,....:
Pine, 10-in. boards, culls.............++--
Pine, 10-in. boards, 16 ft., # M .. 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 16 ft. .. 25 00@30 00
Pine, 12-in. boards, 13 ft. .. 26 00@28 00
Pine, 1} in. siding, select... . .. 88 00@40 00
Pine, 1}-in. siding, common. -. 15 00@18 00
Pine, 1-in. siding, select... .. 40 00@42 00
Pine, inch siding, common. . .. 16 00@19 00
. 00 00@00 16

26 00@28 00
00 18@00 19

Spruce, boards, each. ..........+.

Spruce, plank, 1}-in., each............... 00 00@00 20
Spruce, plank, 2-in., each... ...... «+... 00 00@00 30
Spruce, wall strips, each................. 00 00@00 12
Hemlock, boards;each . .........0..%- 00 00@00 13
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each...............- 00 G0@00 31
Hemlock, joist, 24x4, each .............. 00 00@00 13
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4, each.......... 00 00@00 10
PAS LOO MasmMlsratdislelcieieclsileie » orc riesisieie es 85 00@40 00
Ash, second quality, @ M............+44. 25 00@30 00
Cherry, good, @IM.......... w.e..eceeee 60 00@70 00
Cherry, common, #M... ... puiaiotapara ats] Wale 25 00@35 00
Oak; | POOH Mie oj wiciaceioie wclnye vieieis ..... 88 00@43 00
Oak, second quality, #@M................ 20 00@25 00
Basswood, @ M......ceeee- seceeee acino.ce 22 00@25 00
Hick oryaeapuNtee acleles decibel sieuccseren ob 36 00@40 00
Maple, Canada, @M...........ssceeseces 26 00@30 00
Maple, American, per M....... «+++... 25 00@28 00
(Chestrrrbyie late loves icvele.nlelslalsls fete alas ie'u(e'e(a'e 35 00@40 00
Shingles, shaved, pine, #M............. 0 00@ 6 00

¢ IG OWOinn7s “Cages qoBeBoOoune 0 00@ 4 50

“extra, sawed, pine............. 0 00@ 4 00

«6 clear, PN e syes stays snare a2 010 0 00@ 3 30

CO ROMs MIKE cos kc ene ee 0 00@ 3 30

a CORK Noah Lieteleravenlaie al ainie ohne 0 00@ 4

ae hemloclewsa ce mies alle inka ole 0 00@ 2 26
Lath, hemlock, @M...........s0.-css00- 0 00@ 1 62
TREATS DELICE Mtcc! | Usieisieieha/siatel nistelenossjrisloi-se 0 00@ 1 87
Lath, pine, eee eras ise eyarcin a seie' sveie 0 00@ 2 00

_ O_
CHICAGO.

Nov. 16.—During the past week the receipts
of lumber have exceeded those of the corres-
ponding week of last year by 6,000,000 feet,
while the receipts of shingles have been less by
about 2,000,000. The total’receipts of lumber,
as reported, were 50,043,000 feet, the bulk of
which went at once to the yards, and on but one
occasion has there beenjjanything like a large
fleet at the sales market. What was offered
found a firm and advancing market, and con-
trary to the experience of the past two months,
offerings were quickly taken at an advance of
fully half a dollar over our former quotations.
This advance was sharp, coming almost wholly

in one day.
CARGO QUOTATIONS.

Joistand scantling, green,ordinary lengths$10 25@10 75
Joist and scantling, green, 20 feet and over 12 00@15 00

Mill'run, choice’'green:.....00000ssc0s25-s 16 50@21 00
Mill run, medium, green..............:. 13 00@16 50
MDM COMMON, | 68 ncmactatn.s ce 11 75@13 00
Shingles, standard...... .......0+e0+-.0% 2 20@ 2 35
PTIDIO SS OKEXG CAL. oe cre ir cclsicsie'c'cisinin sxa/si ete 2 374@ 2 60
wo otiprenedncobedt npsoecoe. Nooepeaond 1 85@ 1 90
——$\—_—_—_o—__——-

OSWEGO, N.Y.

Nov. 25.—No change in quotations. De-
mand good. Receipts for shipment to tide
water have about ceased. Dealers are getting
in large stocks, and the assortment for winter
bids fair to be the best ever held in this market.
The following are the quotations :—

THES UPPOLS. .- wo. cee ceer meee . 842 00@45 00
Pickings....... .. 32 00@35 00
Fine, common 20 00@25 00
Common...... 14 00@16 00

Culls...... ‘11 00@13 00
Mill run lots... 17 00@22 00
Sidings, selected, 1 inch,,........... - 30 00@37 00
14 inch...... ioaaan Seosionean apace 34 00@38 00
Mill run, 1x10, 13 to 16 feet.............. 16 00@21 00
SBlECLaGare ps cistaticisrateteial st aielelarclaisiatalever=s)e(e 20 00@25 00
BUMP Pelee ette ste asisirislersiajeielsio civ je\sfole's (6; 16 00@17 00
Strips, 1 and 1} inch mill run............ 14 00@18 00
Qullasiselected ye ccie cw cicisiyces cise ceccies « 23 00@32 00
LG IE po oandoricinAeenccBpAarigHe COOOorU ere 10 00@13 00
1x6 selected for clapboards.............. 25 00@35 00
Shingles, XXX, 18 inch, pine............ 3 85@ 3 90
XX, e cs a Souacooaertooe 2 80@ 3 00
EX, 18 inch, cedar.........000 3 00@ 3 30
EOS a sea aii a) aa ee 2 26@ 2 50
DMEM a ol stecta's dalsistol aisle’ Ga(ee Ww oiaicielnielels cistels ore 1 60@ 1 80

—_—__—__@-—__——_—.

TONAWANDA.
CARGO LOTS—SAGINAW INSPECTION.

IPRTES UPPeCLs rata's alehesare ca clelele’blo1>\s|ajeleieiatels $40 00@45 00
MOVAIION Eero vialeisioisiateiciclnialeiecejsisielel eine: r.---- 17 50@20 00
CUBS wat a naste oM aeies'g csemnvipiaiseiuc nic, tutes 11 50@12 50

oo

BUFFALO.
We quote cargo lots :—

MS DPOK we iptate state siaistoleiainiels nts (oialeiejave'e sisis elelers $40 00@45 00
POMMON ase osialaiviac:wieleisleyetelsisisicicleleicie'oicle 17 50@20 00
CH he tes iorvicista siiem sine pisisis vicin Garsieie, sia, die 11 50@12 50

————e—eee

LIVERPOOL.

Noy. 1.—Farnworth & Jardine say ‘‘the
arrivals from British North America during the
past month have been 46 vessels, 31,356 tons,
against 12 vessels, 6,122 tons, during the corres-
ponding month last year. There has been a
fair amount of business transacted during the
month, The arrivals have been numerous, and

11

———S ny ,

SESH

—

rm

the deliveries have been good. Stocks, with
the exception of pitch pine, are very moderate,
and as the import for the remainder of the year
promises to be on a reduced scale, we may fairly
anticipate that at the close of the season they
will not exceed the requirements of the winter
months.” Of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia
spruce and pine deals, and other woods, they
say :—‘‘ The deliveries during the month have
slightly exceeded the imports, leaving us with
the very moderate stock of 16,921 standards, or
little more than two-thirds of that held last
year at the like time ; still the market is not at
all buoyant, and prices are barely maintained ;
however, as there is every prospect of the
arrivals during the remainder of the season be-
ing on a moderate scale, we may soon expect to
see some advance in prices. Pine deals are
rarely asked for, and prices are low. The con-
sumption of birch has been fair, and the stock is
light, particularly of good quality ; prices have
been fully maintained.” The following quota-
tions are given :—

Brrou.—By auction, St. John, 19 inches and
up, at from 21d. to 23d. per foot ; 17 to 18 inches,
at 18d. per foot ; Lower Port, 15 to 20 inches, at
164d. per foot, P. E. I., 15 inches at 183d. per
foot.

. Quxsec Pinr Drats.—Ist and 2nd quality no
wholesale transactions to report ; 3rd quality at
£9 per standard.

Spruce DrEaLts.—By auction, St. John, at
from £7 to £7 2s. per standard, and by private
at £7 5s. per standard. Lower Ports at from
£6 15s. to £7 per standard. Miramichi Pine
Deals, 3rd quality, at from £6 to £6 15s. per
standard ; 4th quality at £6 per standard.

Scantling and boards, inches and under, at
from £6 10s. to £6 15s. per standard, Boards at
£6 per standard.

Palings, 5 feet 3 x 1 inch, at from 72s. 6d. to
75s. per mille ; 44 feet x 1 inch, at 62s. 6d. per
mille,

The imports of deals from New Brunswick
from Jan. 28th to Oct. 31st. were 3,802,205
pieces this year as against 4,705,593 in 1880 and
3,457,145 in 1879.

Nov. 3.—Duncan, Ewing & Co. say ‘“‘the
consumption during the past month has shown
a good increase over the previous one, and with
moderate stocks on hand prices should improve.
The better tone which has for some time past
been making itself felt in the general trade of
the country seems to have reached the wood
trade at last, and prospects may be said to have
a hopeful appearance.” They quote ;—

Spruce deals continue firm at late rates, sellers
not being inclined to give way, Sales of St.
John, N,B., by private treaty, for cargoes of
good specification, £7 5s, ex quay, By auction,

la cargo of St. John, N.B., more than half 7

inch and under, realized £7 1s. per standard.
Pipe and puncheon staves continue in request at
advanced prices.
——__—___—.
LONDON.

The following is an extract from Messrs.
Churchill & Sim’s circular, dated November
3rd :—Prices, which were steady during the
first half of October, were depressed towardsthe
end of the month by rumours, for which it is
difficult to find any real foundation, that very
heavy shipments were being made for London,
and that the market would again be overstocked
by the end of the year. So far as it is possible
to ascertain there is no likelihood of this being
the case. Deck accommodation is bespoken for
111 cargoes, against 92 at the same time last
year, and although this may hardly represent
the full difference in tonnage—a greater propor-
tion being in steamers of large carrying capacity
—the excess is trifling when compared with a
stock many millions of pieces short, and increas-
ed dock deliveries of 600 to 800 P.S.H. a week.
The arrivals of wood-laden tonnage in the first
ten months of the year have been 100,000 tons
less than last year, and the dock deliveries 26,-
000 P.S.H. of deal, battens, and boards more.

SEVENTY-FIVE million feet of hemlock lumber
have been cut at Williamsport, Pa., this year, as
against 15,000,000 feet last year. Pennsylvania
lumbermen are just beginning to see the value
of this kind of timber.

LEATHER
BELTING.

Chipman, Renaud & Co.

MANUFACTURERS OF

LEATHER BELTING,

FIRE ENGINE HOSE

LACE LEATHER, &c.
124 & 126 Queen St.

MON TR BAL

L25-ly

12

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

ABRAMS & KERR The Best Axes in the World!

MANUFACTURERS OF

Steam Engines, Mill Gearing, Rotary Mills, Shafting,
Planers, Hangers, Pulleys, Variety Moulders.

SPECIAL MACHINERY MADE TO ORDER

Latest Improved Spool and Bobbin Machinery.
Every Variety of Heavy and Light Casting.

L24-ly

Foundry and Machine Shop on City Road,
ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

Mill Supplies, &c.

lv-L18

NationaliManufacituring Company

Ds Soi Se Nao <0
-. 202 SPARKS: STREET, OTTAWA.

ieee

ah «

. ee | ili x

i
. manufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and
Military Encampments, with or without extra roofs, all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped,
mildew proof or plain. Prices from $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAMP
BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent-
ed; size when folded 2x 6 in.; 3 feet long, weighing
only ll pounds, but strong enough to bear the
“E59 weight of any man. Waterproof wagon and horse-
y covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises.
72S Special rates to Lumbermen. Send for cata-
logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,
| p27 202 Sparks Street, Ottawa

oS

=r

Single, DoubleZand Triple Steel, 28 Patterns.

Warranted Good or Exchanged.

And Burrell’s, Warnock’s, and Dundas Axes, made specially for the Lumber Trade,
repacked any weights without extra charge. Lindsay Pattern of Broad anfi Blocking
Axes. LANCE TOOTH SAWS, warranted good. P. Jewill & Sons (Hartford, Conn.)
LEATHER BELTING. 2d CUT FILES. LATH YARN. Mill and Shanty Hardware.
No. 1 LARD OIL. Heavy HAMES, BUCKLES and HARNESS TRIMMINGS.
Ballard and other RIFLES, from $10 each. Large assortment of CARTRIDGES.

Fire-Engine| GEORGE STETHEM, Peterborough, Ont.

Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware. 12117

Wrought Iron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention to my WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. frhe dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26,

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each 16
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
commenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well Known and
reliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.
The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.

ApAM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove I have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

Apam HALL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir, We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives, We can recommend it highly.
: Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,
Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PETERBOROUGH, June Srd, 1880.

A. Hatt, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

4

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

FLA WELTON, CANADA.

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED
AD 3G I RO X Ue

EMERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

And Specially Adapted

For Saw Gumming

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ.,
GALT. MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO,, Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,

ST. CATHARINES. TORONTO.
: WE ALSO REFER TO
WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ., Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,
Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. Lumber Merchants. see

14

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Northey’s Steam Pump Works

BOILER FEED PUMPS, MINING PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, |PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and OIL PIPE LINES,
WRECKING PUMPS. And CITY WATER WORKS.
No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SEND FOR CIRCULAR. L)7-ly

ey Woyynog pioyywelg IW

UOIqIYRT [LIOULAOIT UOIUEA IW
JO} [epepy M VUMo[dig ‘ezzg ysq ‘WOITGIUXA [eLAsnpuy oyuoIOY, Vy

UOTIQIUX” [eyueQ ydjeny 4y
:SMOTIO“ SV 0881 40 SHONOH AHL 4d0 SATHUVO

‘SUPUNLOVANNVIL

NOLTHZVE 9 WVNLEIMS ANIVY

WNIJ] SAEM|Y OBI JAUIeY au]

OLaV INO “HATHA aA»

RE
eee
cee SS Baya
boodg OO ye
2h S87
aa eee eee il f dil

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

The Bell Organs bave just received the HIGHEST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
at the International Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.

ae ERE
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aA Ww 5 &
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Qi 2 Be
Ray SSt 5) sg 22a
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fob kel 5 3A
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“a & Oo SLES. ez
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sUo ysl ts! tot
00 4 308

The Bell Organ Manufactor t nd Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that
we have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best in the market. We GUARANTEE ALL
OUR ORGANS for five years Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catologue mailed free.

WV" 3 Ee eee

LIT 41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GUELPH, Ont

wens

MinbnE SUPrPPin He!

Extra Stretched and Patent Smooth Surface

RUBBER BELTING—in Stock, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Plies.
HOYT’S CELEBRATED LEATHER BELTING.
COTTON BELTING, for Flour Mills. &c., Superior Quality.

DISSTON’S CELEBRATED MILL SAWS.
Steam Packing of all kinds, Rubber and Linen Hose, Silk Bolting Cloth, Emery
Wheels, Lacing Leather (Page’s Genuine), Lard, Seal, Cylinder, Spindle, West Vir-
ginia and Wool Oils. Our Stock includes Mill Supplies and Rubber Goods of all
kinds. 2@-Quotations furnished for any part of Canada. 21

ESTEY, ALLWOOD & CO., SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

PARKER & EVANS

SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE

FAMOUS INTERNATIONAL

BOILER FLUID COMPOUND.

Patented 5th March, 1877.

This Compound will save its Cost many times in one year by saving fuel.

It eradicates scale, and when the Boiler is once Olean a very small quantity
keeps it Clean and Free from all Incrustation.

It is perfectly harmless to Iron, and emits a clear pure Steam.

In ordering, mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN.

504 St. Paul Street, MONTREAL.

Li4ly

ESTABLISHED 1820.

EAGLE FOUNDRY!
GEORGE BRUSH

14 to 34 King and Queen Streets, MONTREAL,
Steam Engines, Steam Boilers, Hoisting Engines, Steam Pumps,
CIRCULAR SAW MILLS, BARK MILLS, SHINGLE MILLS,

Ore Crushers, Mill Gearing, Shafting, Hangers and Pullies, Hand and
Power Hoists for Warehouses, &ec., &e.,

AND AGENT FOR

“‘Water’s’’ Perfect Steam Engine Governor, and ‘‘Herald & Sisco

1L25-ly

Centrifugal Pumps

8

:
:

THE CANADA thighs moat atl 15

D. McLACHLAN & SONS, |Flour Making yw New Process

Manufacturers of all Descriptions of

eee | GRAY’S PATENT

OA ETA LT MUISELESS ROLLER MILL

A Model of Perfection /

Nos. 115, $17, 119, 121, King St. East, Toronto.
= Every Mill a Success :

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.
We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from. 8B
We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.
We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business

on very SMALL PROFITS.
NOTE THE PRICES.

5

We give a Good Tweed Suit for.......... $6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for......... 1 50
We give a Good Overalls for .............. 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:-OAK HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral. ly113

LUMBERMEN

Will always find a Large Stock of

Smooth Iron or Porcelain ROLLS.

‘SOINIS POU OUD JO SHOT

DALVIMOSOLMOY OY [VU AG POS OAV STW Ao][OY osoypce

CORRUGATIONS of all Descriptions.

Shanty Blankets The Machine is Perfect in all its adjustments, and RUNS
WITHOUT NOISE.
It is doing Better Work than any other Machine in use.
Automatic Lubrication of Principal Bearings.

Driven entirely by BELTS.

HORSE BL ANK ETS Differential Speed always insured.

WEYMAN’S NEW / IMPROVED ahs

_oreelaim holls

JNO M AGDON ALD \" (‘() \ The BEST ROLL FOR MIDDLINGS in the world. Over 6000

, in use in this country and Europe. Send for particulars.

TORONTO MILLER BROS. & MITCHELL.
i, Nos. 110, 112, 114 and 116 KING STREET

MONTREAL.
gap Send Sample Order for our LINED SHAPED SOLE LICENSEES FOR DOMINION.

HORSE RUG, a Sp ecial ty, highly hr ecommended fe or Manufacturers of Improved Hoisting Machinery, MINING
and CONTRACTORS’ PLANT. Importers of BEST STEEL

AIND

At LOWEST Mill Price, at

P Wear and Warmth. 6122 1 WIRE ROPE. Mention this Paper. L24-ly

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Solid Emery Wheels are now almost in universal use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Statistics show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There was a time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock,
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of allin use are beveled. =.

Tne principal sizes are:

12x} }
8x} 10x: 12x
ax bain hole. Osh Zin. bole, 12 3 ttn %,
8x; 10x2 12x23 |

12x )

Probably more wheels 12xj, 12x} and 12x} are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x1}. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won’t touch it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale,

A QU BSTLOWN \O2._ Oe

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
“Extra Soft” wheel like the “ Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the Money saved On wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities 4o match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Tanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classification of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows:

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE SrANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Wheels usedare “Class 2.
it cuts fast and keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the “‘ Pocono.”

CLASS 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.—The same as to coarseness and fineness as ‘‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS “POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiner in grain and softer than either of the above. As a Saw Gumming Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to those practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta freé cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

Illustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gumming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application.
L13

The Tanite Co. Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

M.COVELS) ie
IRCULAR SAW a
S IEA M FEED f Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for al!
a

, ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
——— Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam

Feed, having put inseveral which are givin? the best of sat-

sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
E \ ti aarTaRaNT TT \
I would also call special attention to my uu NOR " me an li \ Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &c.
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :—

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.
Heavy Circular Saw Mills sae Gang or Cirelar Saw 3
Horizontal Engines and Boilers

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
Wm. HAMILTON, EsqQ., Peterborough.

DEAR StR—I have used your Steam [eed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it is admitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put itinto my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can eut 18 boards 18 ft. long in one minute.
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend if to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
eutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it
than I would have cut bad I not put it in.

Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM TAIT,
Lumberman, Gravenhurst.

Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along
= with uniformity ot speed, such as is required in Grist and
= Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
= Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. 1 feel
justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine will be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour, 110

oa

|

TORONTO, August 11th, 1880.
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.

DEAR SiIR—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly, Yours, &e.,,
THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

WEELEETAM HAMIL TON,
PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

‘.

Pe a ee

° oa See

PUBLISHED
SEMI-MONTHLY.

VOL. 1.

pe An (1 et

The only Newspaper devoted to the Lumber and Timber Industries published in Canada.

( SUBSCRIPTION
1 $2.00 PER ANNUM

PETERBOROUGH, ONT., DECEMBER 15, 1881.

NO. 28.

Tue timber and woodjmanufactures exported
from the United States to Australia is officially
given in the consular reports as follows :—

Timber, dressed..........+..++ Seieieteiotal $722,227
Oe ae atibleiaceic sce <teviccolse sce
Door, sash and shutters..............
Shooks and staves.......+...seeeecees

ARKANSAS lumber is becoming a very promi-
nent factor in the commerce of some of the
western cities. The yellow pine attains great
size there, and forests of it cover about 1-10th
of the State. Among other valuable woods
which grow plentifully and to large proportions
are several varieties of oak, the black walnut,
cherry, bois-d’arc, holly and maple. Besides
these the cedar, beech, poplar, cypress, hickory
and ash arecommon. Seventy different kinds
of timber grow in this state.

A HEAvy deal in hemlock bark has been made
by Hoyt Bros., who are now engaged in building
the largest tannery in the world on Babb’s
Creek, near Wellsboro, Pennsylvania. Tho lo-
cation chosen is right in the heart of an almost
unbroken wilderness. The equipments of the
establishment will be complete,‘including six
bark mills, which will grind a‘hundred cords of
bark a day, anda large saw}mill. The firm, to
carry on this immense establishment, have made
contracts for all the hemlock bark on about forty
thousand acres of land.

Tue white birch manufacture is attracting
considerabfe attention in Maine. The stock is
used largely for the making of spools. New
_ mills for sawing birch are to be erected at Salem,

and Scott & Hopkins, at Madrid, are using a

large amount of birch‘fin their mills, besides

poplar, their stock beingjworked up into spools
and salt boxes. This industry enables the
farmers in the vicinity to make sale of timber
that would otherwise have no particular value,

B. F. Bachelor, of Fayette, Kennebec county,

is sawing large amounts of birch, and the use of

both birch and poplar in Oxford county, and

other sections of the state, is becoming an im
portant source of wealth.

vitor |

THe American Ship says that in the case of
eighteen timber and lumber laden vessels re-
| ported at Lloyd’s as lost between the nights of
ber 12 and 17, not a life was lost. Some
were water-logged and abandoned at sea, but
crews were taken off or otherwise saved. Of
abandoned some were afterwards picked
up near land and brought to port. A water-logged
eee), \aden with timber or lumber, though it
become unmanageable in severe weather,
sink, and the people aboard can take to
rigging, and thus have some change for
. Often the vessel and cargo are saved by
passing steamer, that takes the distressed ship
tow and brings her into port.

AN IMPORTANT INVENTION.

On Saturday last, at the Alexandra Palace,
London, the first public trial was made of
““Wilson’s Combined Low-water and Steam
Safety Alarm.” The operations of the appar-
atus are two-fold. Firstly, to give warning of
the fall of water below the water line in a boiler ;
and, secondly, to indicate any generation of
steam pressure in excess of the registered pres-
sure. The alarm is constructed with an inner
and outer cylinder, containing a float and valve
spindle, safety valve, loading spiral spring to
safety valve, and an alarm whistle. Should the
water in the boiler be allowed to recede below
the determined minimum low water line, the
float immediately descends with it, causing a
vacuum through which the steam passes into
the alarm whistle, and so giving notice of the
condition of the water in the boiler. So sensi-
tive is the regulation of the apparatus that if as
small a quantity as one quart of water is inject-
ed into the boiler the alarm at once stops and
safety is restored. Again, on the other hand,
should there be the slightest (half-Ib.) genera-
tion of steam in excess of the Government regis-
ter, the pressure immediately overcomes the
loading spiral spring and allows the steam to
escape through the outer cylinder into the alarm
whistle, thereby giving notice that too much
heat is being used and fuel wasted. Simply
opening the furnace door, or setting the engine
in motion, is sufficient to overcome this neglect.
The experiments were carried out by the inven-
tor, and in every particular were most successful.
The apparatus can be regulated and fixed to
any size of boiler, marine, locomotive, or other-
wise—at a very low cost. It is impossible for
the valve to be in any way tampered with, as
the outer casting is melted down, pegged, and
sealed.

TERRA COTTA LUMBER.

One of the most important of recent practical
inventions is that of the manufacture of lumber
from fire clay, patented by Mr. C. C. Gilman,
of Eldora, Iowa.

The process is fully described by his letters
patent, from which we extract the following :—
The composition consists of kaolin clay, free
from grit, one part ; resinous sawdust, from one
to three parts, as porosity may be required ;
water sufficient to thoroughly incorporate the
above, by machinery, into a plastic mass.

Removed from the grinding tubs, where it
has been ground, the spongy product is forced
by plungers driven by steam through iron or
steel cylinders to express the superfluous mois-
ture therefrom, and issues forth in the shape of
long blocks or logs, of length, form, and size
best fitted for handling, usually eight to twelve
inches in thickness, and four to six feet in length.
When sufficiently dry to render handling safe,
these logs are moved into kilns or clamps cal-
culated for the purpose. After the steam and

vapors are driven out by a slow, steadily in-
creasing fire, the temperature is rapidly increas-
ed to nearly a white heat, which not only
consumes the sawdust, but brings the clay itself
into the first stages of vitrifaction. On cooling,
the logs are removed to the mill and sawed into
planks, boards, and dimension stuff, as lumber
from wood is manufactured, and subsequently
fashioned in the workshop into such forms and
articles as are demanded by purchasers. This
material, being free from grit and tough in tex-
ture, can be cut, sawed, bored, planed, and
carved with edged tools, and before or after
such treatment can, after slipping and glazing,
be submitted to a second firing, with fine results
in ornamentation obtained.

Kaolin is the upper stratum of fire or feld-
spathic clay beds, and owing to the absence of
sand or free silica is unsuited to common pottery
uses, as its warpage in drying and firing unfits
it for moulding purposes.

Mr. Gilman’s invention overcomes this
trouble, inasmuch, as the material is reduced to
form with edged tools subsequent to firing.

New York’s greatest present want is a fire-
proofing, cheap and undoubted in its capacity
for every emergency. Her stately ten-storied
buildings can in a conflagration receive but little
aid from the fire department, especially when
Croton is as scarce as it is now.

Terra cotta lumber is indestructible by fire,
gases or acids ; it is a poor conductor of heat,
sound, and electricity ; and possesses molecular
attraction to an extent which allows of plastering
without first lathing.

Its weight is one-half less than common build-
ing brick, and it is erected with nails instead of
cement and mortar, virtually rendering fire-
proofing a work of carpentry instead of masonry
as heretofore. Mr. C. C. Gilman’s present ad-
dress is room 71, No. 71, Broadway, New York.
—Scientific American.

THE TIMBER SUPPLY OF EUROPE.

From an approximate summary of the timber
production and trade of Europe, as given by the
Journal of the Agricultural Society of France,
may be drawn some lessons, which may be of
benefit in showing the dangers threatening our
timber supply, and the advantages of an intelli-
gent public policy of preservation. A man in
business cannot be expected to sacrifice himself
for the benefit of posterity, but the government
should see to it that such great resources should
not be sacrificed in one generation. The policy
of Austria has also a counterpart in that of this
country. Sweden and Norway have exhausted
their oak as we have almost our walnut, and,
according to the Journal, their pine is going the
way of ours, The following are the figures
given by the paper mentioned above :—Sweden
and Norway, which still do a large export trade
in deals, are now compelled to buy their oak in
Poland; and in Russia the forests along the

>

shores of the Baltic, in Finland and in th
| southern provinces, are so rapidly thinning tha
the forest acreage of the empire is now only on
|in ten. There are about 34,000,000 acres «
| forest in Germany (of which 20,000,000 are in
Prussia), estimated to be worth £500,000,000,
|and bringing in an income of £10,000,000 per
/annum. The state forests are taken great care
lof in all parts of Germany, in Prussia alone
£100,000 being spent every year in replanting ;
| yet the imports of timber exceed the exports by
over 2,000,000 tons. The oak and the beech
| are the kind of trees which do bestin Denmark,
| but the timber trade of the country is very
small. Austria and Hungary have upwards of
43,000,000 acres of forest ; but in Austria proper
the state does not possess more than seven per
cent. of the wooded area, as owing to the waste-
ful policy of the Ministry of Finance from 1855
to 1872 more than 5,000,000 acres were sold for
sums so far below their value that there was 4
popular saying in Vienna, ‘“‘If you want to be-
come rich, buy state forests.” The speculation
came to an end in 1873, but Austria is now ob-
liged to buy most of her timber in Bosnia and
Montenegro. Servia and Roumania have some
very fine forests; but Italy, though her forest
area extends over nearly 14,000,000 acres, does
not do much in the way of a timber trade, as the
roads leading to the forests are so bad that it is
almost impossible to move the timber when cut.
Much the same is the case with Spain, which
has 8,500,000 acres of forest ; while Portugal,
which has only 1,000,000 acres, finds a good
market for her timber. Sweden and Norway
export about £32,000,000 worth of timber every
year, and at this rate their fine forests will soon
be exhausted. —Worthwestern’ Lumberman.

ew

rm ®

New Use of Buffalo Skins.
An inventor proposes to make machine gear
wheels of raw buffalo hides by cementing and

.| pressing together as many layers as are required

for the breadth of the wheel. The blanks thus
prepared are cut to form the teeth in the usnal
manner with suitable tools. The advantages
claimed are smooth andsnoiseless action at high
speeds and greater durability without lubrication.

River Improvement, _—

The Belleville Intelligencer jsays that at the
forthcoming session of the Legislature applica-
tion will be made—on behalf of the lumbermen,
we presume—for power to erect dams on the
streams in the townships of Tudor, Madoc and
Marmora, for the purpose of storing water to
facilitate the driving of saw logs, ete. Would
it not be possible to form a company for the im-
provement of the river, with the object of
furnishing water power continuously to manu-
factories here, to enter into this’scheme with the
lumbermen and so to attain the desirable object

rein indicated ? We commend the matter to
th& attention of all who are interested,

\

See

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

SHARP PRACTICE.

As we published the sensatiorial account of
the asserted timber discoveries by Mr. W.
Mercer, C.E., we now give the other side of the
story. The Northwestern Lumberman says :—

It is not uncommon for scheming to pay, In
fact it often pays better than business that is
conducted openly, as is proved by every day
transactions, and it is not unlikely that a piece
of very adroit business that has for some time
been going on in pine land circles has rewarded
the men who were conducting it very hand-
somely.

About a month ago, as the readers of the
Lumberman will remember, we published the
statement of Mr. William Mercer, a civil en-
gineer, of Bay City, Mich., who had recently
returned from the Spanish [iver district, On-
tario, to the effect that he had discovered in
that region a genuine lumberman’s paradise.
Vhere were seas of pine, stretching beyond any
overnment surveys even, and, according to the
ttories of the Indians, hundreds of miles beyond
them.

While we hoped that the story might prove
true, we could not swallow it without a grain of
allowance. Experience has educated us wp to
that point that we look with suspicion upon
any report of an immense timber find. To
ascertain about the timber supply of the coun-
try it is not necessary to go up in a balloon, or
down into the bowels of the earth. It is easily
enough gotten at by aman sulliciently interested
to be at the pains. There are a great many
men in this country with plenty of money in
their pockets, and who understand all the con-
ditions governing timber as regarding its value
for lumber, who haye hunted timbered land,
particularly pine lands, pretty thoroughly. We
have so much faith in their knowledge of the
situation that when we hear a report of a pro-
digious discovery of pine, right at home, we
suspect at once that there is a Munchausen ele-
ment in it, a suspicion that, in these late days,
has never proved unfounded.

Mr. Mercer gained the ears of some gullible
newspaper men of this city, and a statement of
the big find was given to the world. This, on
the face of it, had a bad look. It is natural
enough for a man who has made a great dis-
covery to let it be known through the press,
providing it would not be more profitable to
keep it to himself; and the influence of the
press is often the first thing desired by a person
who has a scheme on hand. It helps him won-
derfully, if he succeeds in gaining it.

Mr. Mercer is an old-time lumberman, and
has a host of friends among the craft in Michi-
gan. Those friends well know that the pine of
their own state is rapidly disappearing. They
were born and bred to the business of lumbering,
and know no other. It seems a trifle out of the
natural run of things that the Canadian ex-
plorer, instead of informing his friends of his
valuable discovery, should come to Chicago and
disclose it to newspaper men, when he knew all
the time that they would go right off and tell of
it. We wondered at the time that he did not
whisper it in the ears of his friends who could
profit by it.. The region was the richest in pine
the gentleman had ever seen, although he was
eonversant with the trees of the cork variety
that once grew on Cass river, and yielded a
fabulous per cent. of uppers. This pine could
be bought cheap; no doubt of that. Tt belonged
to the Ontario Government ; the Government
did not even know of its existence, and an in-
dividual or government that is not willing to
sell cheap what it does not know it has, is a poor
financier. Thisis one of the phases of the great
pine find that bogat suspicion.

It was somewhat strange that the Provincial
Goyernment had no knowledge of such Croesus-
like possessions, but we excused it on the ground
that so many of its young men migrate to the
United States that there are not enough active
men—such as can stand a tramp through the
forests—left behind to find out what there real-
ly is in their country, covering the vast territory
that it does.

We went to work, however, and it did not
take a great amount of it to learn that the On-
tario Government knew more than Mr, Mercer
gave it) credit for knowing. It had run its
surveys around promiscuously in the great pine
country. Possibly there was a strip of lard

from 50 to 100 miles long from east to west, and
very narrow, upon which the stakes of the sur-
veyors had not been driven. The unsurveyed
country is not more extensive than that indicat-
ed above, and the chances are against such di-
mensions. Then, again, somewhere away up in
the unknown region, there is a settlement, and
even a saw mill, The Indians had probably lied
to Mr. Mercer.

Unless a leak is stopped it usually increases.
This one grew larger and larger all the time.
Every day, almost, brought evidence that Mr.
Mercer, either knowingly or unknowingly, in
giving a report of his discovery to the press,
had favored the interests of parties who had
land to sell in the Laurentian region. If he
did not know it, it is likely to prove a happy
stroke of luck to the men who owned the land.

It has transpired that a good while before Mr.
Mercer discovered the bourne from whence no
lumberman would ever wish to return, on ac-
count of the fine pine everywhere abundant, it
was discovered by somebody else. Mr. George
N. Fletcher and other parties, of Alpena, Mich.,
discovered it a year ago, and doubtless other
parties discovered it several years before they
did. At any rate somebody owned a half dozen
or so limits up there, and wanted to sell them.
The Alpena parties purchased them at a cost of
something like $21,000. We do not assert that
these limits were on the ground talked about by
Mr. Mercer ; but if there should happen to be,
right adjoining those limits, other territory rich
in the material of which lumber is made, those
same limits might be more valuable than they
would otherwise be. That is natural enough.
A mine right by the Comstock lode would sell
for more than though it were located in the
Alleghanies. That is a business principle.

Tt furthermore seems that the Alpena gentle-
men, for some reason, got sick of their bargain.
In common parlance they had got “stuck.” To
start with, as it will be seen further on, they
paid a pretty good price for their limits. We
do not know what they intended to do with the
timber upon their purchase, but as they own
large mills at Alpena, it is supposable that they
expected to float the logs home, and saw them
there. They ought to have known it before,
but come to think of it, they would be required
to pay seventy-five cents per thousand, crown
land dues, and this assessment, it is plain, would
be an addition worth mentioning, to the origi-
nal outlay.

A craze for buying Canadian forests must
have struck that portion of Michigan, for other
Alpena lumbermen got a scent in the same
direction. One gentleman contracted for some
limits over there that were guaranteed to pro-
duce 150,000,000 feet, running 15 per cent. to
uppers. It was denominated a fine chance to
do a lumber business, but on looking the ground
over he found 10,000,000 or 12,000,000, instead
of 150,000,000, and a country full of ranges of
eae steep hills and lakes. As it would cost
niore to get the timber out than it was worth,
he sensibly declared the contract off.
| Tt might have been owing to some such reason
hat: his neighboring lumbermen found out that
pe had bought a cat ina sack. Mr. Mercer
sserts that the country is well adapted to
Iambering, and the Spanish river a good driving
ream, but in this respect maybe the Indians
ad lied to him again. However, it was for
spme reason that the owners of the limits desired
to sell them, for they approached Mr, A. N.
Spratt on the subject. Mr. Spratt is a shrewd
pine land operator, and, of course, refused to
take the bonanza upon hearsay, but said he
would investigate, so last summer he made a
ahs to the unknown region, and discovered it

5

avain. He ascertained that the Spanish river
region is & poor one to carry on logging opera-
tilons in, as the country rises to high elevations
ay you go back, giving to the streams, of course,
nimerous heavy falls. This examination led
Mr. Spratt to refuse to buy the white elephant
that was on the hands of the Alpena lumbermen
at any price. Nothing daunted, another effort
was made. Judge Tuttle, of Alpena, and Mr.
Croyer Davison, of Harrisville, were applied to,
td make the sale of the limits, with a strong
probability of being successful, as, at time of
writing, negotiations are being made with New

“York parties, the consideration being $100,000

Tt is for the New York parties to rise and ex-

know about these limits,

many eastern men have money, and are on the

ledge of the subject.

them, than an infant knows about the north

plain, providing they have a mind to, what they
Of all men in the
world, eastern men are the ones that land
sharpers like best to get a hold of. <A great

alert to profitably invest it. To many of them
pine land is pine land, which ends their know-
We are ready to wager a
very small sum that these New York gentle-
men know no more about the lands they pro-
pose to buy, if they have not already bought

pole. We make this statement, for it seems
reasonable to us that if their knowledge was
very extensive in that direction they would give
more not to own the limits in that district than
toownthem. But if they have sinned in this
regard they have company, and that is a con-
solation often. Not long since a land shark

to precede an assertion, and this effort“to
a mouth-piece of the Bay City paper
wonderfully like a hedge against the expose
ready made by the Lumberman of the Mere
discovery.
No one, after reading this history of the lates
Canadian explorations, especially if it should
be learned that the New York parties have
passed over their $100,000, will doubt that ther
are pine land operators who have the ability t
worm themselves out of an uncomfortable
tion when they find that they ——. thei

foot in it. ‘

4

SALE OF LIMITS.

The following are the details of the re
sale of timber limits in the Muskoka and P
Sound districts :—

MOWAT TOWNSHIP.

ot

entered what he called pine lands, in the Lake] Berth. — Square Purchaser. Price
Superior district, without having seen them, miles. —
and immediately sold them to New York gentle- | No. 3........ 18}......T. G. Blackstock....... A
men, without them having set eye or foot upon | No. 4-..---.-12} .-..- - sete ee 85
them, so as to double his money. They will Ho. Beeaseses 19 ......C. J. Braton.. ---+.++.. 9%
learn, if they have not already done so, that | ahagcia 123...-..% G, Biaceaiace ae cod
their ‘‘ pine lands,” purchased as an investment, =a _—

cece seem: w? | NO. 8-000 00-27} -onas Jo BiCUHNE a eanenennen na
coulc not be given to a practical lumberman in| xo 4... |... 97}.....-T. G. Bi a. See
the Superior district. M’CONKEY TOWNSHIP.

In looking up the facts connected with Gulli- | No.1 ....... 213... 2. .Codk BH. -=seeeeneas 70,000)
ver Mercer's great discovery, we learned that a| No. 2..... + 16 .0+00ds ME, Martie Seen
Chicago pine land operator had been bit by the | No- 3--.----- 22... ..-Mossom Boyd se+0+-... 558
the same shark. The trap was intended this | N® 4-+--+---18%------D. Moore .----sss.----- G00
time to be sprung by Toronto men. They had BARDY 20S

Sais bibs one TNO. Len ecoe eM Ufone so Ee een
discovered the unknown country, and had limits | ~ : if
ce, “ell Ty ‘ ‘d : No. 2.2.0... -15hesce. «dee SIREEIS UpEnE en Ran 520
in it to sell, They represented themes ric wa 9. -(2 00. 203......J.M. Martin.s,.lss0.-- 1
beyond description, and when the Chicago men | No, 4..... 10-22 220 <Q, Camera Jeena.
had obtained their price, and the estimated pro- PATTERSON TOWNSHIP.
duction, he figured up that the timber would re- | No.1........ 41}..... A. Hill.....07/eeieawee
present fourteen cents per thousand feet. Such | No. 2.......- 19 ......McArthur Bros ..... .. 1,120
a rare chance could not be overlooked. It was No. 3....+ se Qfe ee Te Petrie. seeerenee- s+
veritably ‘‘a soft snap,” and at an expense of ay pier at
4 ais a Serthants experts were sent to the |p bars ryt a breed Ty “=
Spanish ‘River district to investigate. ‘The thyg 3). [/-c. sami 00s seat ae

result, in the light of present events, is very | No.

2..

12 ....~1 MM. Brenma-jte. ict. 5.

amusing, and it may be proportionately profit- | No. 3........18 .....-C. A. Brough .....
able to people who are contemplating making | No, 4.... ...17 ««-«.-E. EvamS.----ss.0..+..-
their fortunes in the lumber business on the SINCLAIR TOWNSHIP.
much talked of river. No. 1...0-. .-16}......J. Henderson ..........
The trip was made up the river in a light | No 2--.----- 18}.....-d. Cockburn ..... .....
No. 3...... 14 wee SCook Bree. 7.0. o ieasse-.

draft steamer, drawing from three to four feet
of water. Canoes were then resorted to, and in

No, 47.2409 14.....-McArthur Bros ..........

the first three days only fourteen falls, from ies Vee 25}... CONC Ra
twenty to eighty feet high, had to be got around. | xo 9, .... ..-17}.00-<sMeArthur Bros.........
It was a perilous attempt, and could not have | No, 3..... a eee r
been accomplished except that the exploring | No.4........ pe) ee nS 5 ie
party had professional guides. There is some PROUDFOOT TOWNSHIP.
pine above the falls, and some years ago a daring No. Livasess 17 ......R. Carmegy ...........
spirit discovered the country and cut a lot of | N0 2--++-++-284------A- Hill..-----2..7.-5..-
logs up there. There was no way to get them | 8° 3:------- 1S). »- + eee :
ee) eo:

down but by water, and he set them afloat.
They ran over one fall after another, but the
strain was more than they could bear, and when
the owner last saw them they were literally
smashed up. Some were made brooms of, and
the others were broken in two. To this day
when a bluish mist surrounds the hills away up
the Spanish River, it is believed it is due to an
cath, that has just taken shape, ejected by the

foolish lamberman. Hades ae 19}... «2G GOD. ive <<
Before starting, the guides told this pine land | yo. 9... ...13}.....«McArthur Bros.........
hunting party that their efforts would avail] No. 3........18}.--...J. Murray, MPP .......
them naught, for there was no pine to speak of JOLY TOWNSHIP.
on the river, but the party, believing that the | No. I........18} .....J. L. Burton. . .....-.-
guides had been hired to tell such a story, went | NO 2-------- 24}.....-C. E. Romaine ....-....
on their way, and found—pine, in limited quan- Ss ++ :18f-..0+-3. BOMBeMISsssioe=s>- >
ie : santa fi a ROW PE
tities, but it must go, if it ever goes anywhere, ‘i
to Hudson Bay. The same party also met the Lo ee Weide R. Nagle: «iccts Meter.
Canada Pacific railroad surveyors, also spoken | no, 9,.......22}.... T. Murray, M.P.P......
of by Mr. Mercer, who gave the discouraging | No.3 ....... 19 ......T. Murray, M.P.P..... |
information that nowhere along the line of the | No. 4........ TY ae T. Murray, M.P.P.. ...
projected road is there pine in great quantities. PRINGLE TOWNSHIP.
The experts were glad to return alive, and, No. Be cama 243......McArthur Bros ........
used to roughing it as they are, pronounce it GES cs ose 1S}.....-W. Hl Burnes seas
i c No. 4........17} .....R. Thomson......... a4
the most dangerous trip they had ever under- Leuae Toeuee
taken. There are rand Rapids, Mich,, land- NOE eer Pn ee F. L. Shirt see
lookers who can give similar testimony, if needs | no, 9, .......99}......J. @. Miller, M.PLP....-
be. : : Nin Behan oy 2. H. H. Cook, M.P.P.....
From a Bay City, Mich., paper we learn that | No. 4........ AY cones H. Spohn ..c. tenes
one of the Alpena owners of the limits, of which NIPISSING TOWNSHIP,
we have been writing, called at the office of | No.1........ 17} .<..sR. Nagle can. <- ceuceus
that paper and said that his land was not in- | No. 2...-.+..18 .-....T. Smith........t...+..
cluded in the Mercer find. Nobody has said it | NO 3+++++++-17 ces < MERERRY <<. ~5 ahaa
No. 4. <..00 18}......G. A. Brough. ..........

was; but one would suppose, taking Mr.
Mercer’s word for it, that a man would feel
proud to have the great, recently discovered
country include his pine lands. It is not often,
under any circumstances, necessary for afdenial

GURD TOWNSHIP.

No. 2...-0++:25$., ...5. 5. Biddy... ses. <n

+ eS 13 ....++Re Nagle ...-cascecsesnes

p Be vecenes 13}

2
4

ween eee

.cancde, Pekin eee 2
MACHAR TOWNSHIP.

IBS sons Soe eee. 2
@1 .....d. Leeomie ieee tas 6
18. Le
13}......H. H. Cook, M.P.P.....
STRONG TOWNSHIP.

A meee eeeee

HIMSWORTH TOWNSHIP.

No. Lecce ee Bbhee cee. Nagle. .-.. snecns sone
Now 2..5.....22 s.0+..D. Moore (Ottawa)
Noi Bo cas cack® «25.5.0. R, Booth owes erasss

No. Aceenees. TE..

1,120
240"

wa)

THE CE NSD S. ROME EBELSN.

¥. H DIXON & CO|MONTREAL SAW WORKS
LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL,

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition .............- Ottawa, 1875

First Prize, Provincial Exhibition......... Hamilton, 1876

First Prize, Provincial Exbibition.............. London, 1877
) ¥irst Prize, Industrial Exhibition.............. Toronto, 1879 b 5 € 3
! Firat Prize, Industrial Exhibition............. Toronto, 1880 \ A Ss
’ International Medal, Centennial Ex...... Philadelphia, 1876

r one genuine funless with a STAR on the head of rivets. Send for Price Lists and Discounts.
26uly

‘ol Colborne Street, Toronto
ie SAW & SHINGLE MILL J. T. LAMBERT,

St. Paul

Street.

‘puvy uo sXvmye sorjddng [IL Teteuey
‘puvy wo skvaye sorddng [ITAL Tetouey

Bom SALE, Lumber and Commission Agent.
WITH
111 Acres of Land, Four Frame FOR SALE.
Pi k.
Houses, Etc. +0 Mlls. Wi ine, ee Stoe
Plenty Timber on Black River. Or, Mill and Limits a om ee z os 10 fe
two thirds cash 4127 Pee 2x12
140 ae aR inch Siding
Poles
ae COOPER, Cooper's Falls, Ont. 4)“ do 2x a Joists.
iI Fe Cedar, 3x6
TO ees Basswood, od inch.

| a= a APPLY AT THI THE OFFICE L20 All d dd { Ch M WHITLAW s
| ; correspondence address to Chas. M. , Sec.
Dak, Elm, Basswood and WELLINGTON STREET, OTTAWA. eC.

Black Birch. WANTED. | ADAM McKAY

ae MANUFACTURER OF
FOR SALE, to be Cut this ASS OWE

ee 95,000 Feet, First Quality |Steam Hingines and Boilers,

i: AND ALL KINDS OF MACHINERY.

a) . Locomotives, Stationery and Marine Engines and Boilers, Girders, Heaters, Radia-
Medonte Lumber C0 y, Hillsdale ; e d Win er tors, and all kinds of Steam and Brass Fittings and Sheet Iron Work; and dealer
? - 5 in all classes of Railway, Steamboat and MILL SUPPLIES.
Or 32 Wellington St. West, Toronto. ire Cut to Specification. 124-Ly 144 Upper Water Street, HALIFAX. NS.

Address, stating Lowest Price and pro-

FOR SALE. pifndiat eesinctive © Enuio Co., CG HH. be : EWW - [_ L | N Go

ee tinostow, on Emeraver

Real Estate Plant and Machinery JOHN DOTY" iTST } ul
eh Esplanade Street, Toronto i it ELECTROTYPER

BENDING & TURNING FACTORY | _ ee AG King Sirect, ST. JOHN NE

Situated in the City of St. Thomas, in the County of
Elgin, Ontario. For full particulars apply to H.
BROWN, Manager, or E. MOORE, President. L20tf

WANTED.

Cherry, White Ash, Black Ash, and
Dry White Pine Lumber.

- Quote Price delivered, and Carefully
Describe :—Quality, Widths, Length,
Thickness, and how long Sawed.

: , =a OF

ROBERT C. LOWRY, | warine ENGINES,
Wholesale Lumber, 6127 MARINE BOILERS,
55 Pine Street, New York.| Propeller Wheels and Steam Yachts

Timber Limits & Sawmill

The subscriber being anxious to concentrate and con-
dlidate his business, on account of his age, will sell at

Very low prices—

ist. His Mills and Farmnear the Bradford Station,

orthern and North-Western Railway, together with

Amita in Bidout and Sherbourne.

2nd. The Portage and Canal connecting Black River
fith Lake St. Jobn, and Lake St. John with Lake

u ing, in the Tow nship of Rama.

d. Light million fect of saw-logs now in Black River.

b. About 4,000 acres of land in different townships.

if not wold at private sale, the above will be offered

he highest bidder at some future time to be named, | We have added to our plant all the latest. improved

se NEWEST DESIGNS AND BEST WORK. =: L24-ly

wae> MACHINE CUTS A SPECIALTY.
ONTARIO ELECTROTYPE AND STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY.

Having added the Latest Machinery to my
Foundry, and secured the services of a MOST
EFFICENT STAFF OF AMERICAN SKILLED
WORKMEN, I am prepared tO execute all orders
with Promptness. Satisfaction guaranteed.

The Work Produced at my Foundry is aek-
nowledgéd to be equal to any in the United
States, and Superior to any in Canada.

f# Orders from the Country Promptly attended to.
&# Please address all Orders to

R. SMITH. 26 & 28 Colborne Street, Toronto.
ai A. LHARMOTNHEA & Co.

ENGINEERS AND FOUNDERS,
MANUFACTURER OF
Steam Engines, Rotary Pumps, of all sizes, for Paper
and Pulp Mills, Steam Pumps, and a Variety of other
Pumps, Propeller Engines for Yachts & Tow Boats.

1 intend to dose all out and concentrate in Michigan, | tu ery Ls Electro and Stereotyping,and the manu- L24-ly
7 ant 6 fi I t aE pees =

es ere a ate aaa iars, ali for zoning Iron Railings, Hoisting Machines for Stores, Jack Screws, Park

All and any information can be had from-Thompson | possesses, and not excelled by any on the continent. Mills, all kinds of Machinery for Mines, Saw Mills, Flour Mills.

nth & Son, Toronto, or James Durham at Bradford
THOMPSON SMITH,

A large assortinent of various cuts constantly on hand.
EMING & SON,
114 26 Colborne St., Toronto,

St. Paul St., QUEBEC.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

CEDAR AND HEMLOCK.

The value of the coarser products of the
forest has not been well appreciated in the
Northwest until quite recently, and even now
not all of them are recognized, or their utility
and commercial importance apprehended. It is
but a few years since cedar was thought worth
the labor of cutting ; and a distant transporta-
tion, except for such trees as were suitable for
telegraph poles, was considered out of the ques-
tion. Now, however, a cedar swamp at all con-
tiguous to avenues of commerce, is esteemed of
a value fully proportioned to that of the coarser
varieties of pine, and in place of this timber
being monopolized by the telegraph companies,
it is utilized for fence posts, and is found fully
the equal of oak for durability. The Chicago
market alone has handled this year 3,000,000
pieces. The railroad companies, also, have dis-
covered that cedar ties, while light of carriage,
and consequently comparatively cheap in the
matter of transportation, make a valuable and
durable tie, well suited for a prairie country,
and over 4,000,000 pieces, enough to lay the
iron for 1,500 miles of track, have been brought
to the docks of Chicago, during the past season
of navigation, for distribution throughout the
country west of this point.

Thus, almost worthless, as it was considered,
white cedar has contributed more than $2,000, -
000 to the business of Chicago during the season
of 1881, and, doubtless, were the statistics of
the entire Northwest available, it could be
shown that the forests of the states of Michigan
and Wisconsin, with perhaps a small quantity
from that portion of Canada which borders on
the great lakes, have aggregated, during the
present year, a production of the value of fully
$5,000,000 from this same source.

The value of the hemlock forests of the
Northwest has not yet adequately dawned upon
the minds of those who own large tracts of it,
which a foolish and short-sighted lack of ap-
preciation is permitted to go to destruction,
while it yields but a tithe of the financial benefit
which it is capable of affording. The hemlock
forests of Maine, New York and Pennsylvania
are made to yield a revenue somewhat commen-
surate with their actual value ; but those of the
Northwest are permitted to go to destruction,
with scarcely an effort at obtaining a compensa-
tion for the labor of destroying them. In the

former states the tree is mace to yield a revenue
from its bark, which forms one of the most
valuable tanning commodities known the world,
and its value has been fully recognized by the
denizens of the old world, as shown in the fact
that England, France and Germany export vast
quantities of raw hides to the eastern states of
America, to be treated with this valuable tann-
ing property, and returned to the respective
countries whence they came, when, after a fur-
ther treatment, by a process peculiar to each
nation, a no inconsiderable proportion of the
leather again finds its way to the United States
for final consumption.

But the hemlock tree of the Hast has not fully
anded its mission when it has yielded up its
bark to the’tanner, and thettrunk finds its way
to the saw mill as a timber second in value only
to white pine, for a large portion of the uses to
which the coarser grades of pine are adapted.
The silly prejudice which is exhibited in nearly
every section of the western country against the
ase of hemlock asa building material, is in

varked contrast with the high esteem in which
; is held in all the eastern states for all the uses
acluded in the category filled by dimension
izes. Eastern builders of large warehouses,
aving their choice between the use of white
ine and hemlock, almost invariably choose the
atter, from its greater stiffness and strength,
nowing that its durability is unquestionable in
1 points in a building where it is free from
visitations of wet and dry. A western builder,
on the contrary, although able to obtain hemlock
at a reduced price from the cost of pine, invari-
ably rejects it, and refuses to have it placed in
his building, simply because he does not know
anything about it, and thinking that he does
mow all about pine, will permit quick rotting
sap to be placed where sound hemlock would
yutlast it, two to one. ‘The farmer of the West
vould pay one-third more for pine boards with
vhich to build his granaries, notwithstanding
shat the advantages of hemlock \in excluding

rats and mice would often save the price of the
building in waste alone, before it had been in
use three years.

The forests of Michigan and Wisconsin, as
well as those of Canada, abound in scattering
hemlock, and at least 1,000,000,000 feet of good

shown by the following list :—

timber is in those localities stripped of its bark | Bristol Channel ........... 24,985,096 1,180,217
each year for local tanning purposes, while the Continent.....- ++....+4++- 19,683,334 206,281
trunks of the trees, which might be utilized in iar aa pias OR a ee a 7,082,280 206,676
the manufacture of valuable lumber, and at an | jie” saaoe neg gogeget
expense greater than would be incurred LOUD e =| retin eee 14,523,905 597,496
ing them to a saw mill, are tumbled into a log | Belfast........ ............ 5,578,064 ae
heap and burned to get them out of the way. It | Dundalk................... 1,584,694 SAR
is but a few years in the future when hemlock | Limerick................... 2,420,091
timber will assume the position in the West | Londonderry.............. 3,952,918
which it already holds in the East, and those Floetwood...+.+ s.++05 446,008
who now so ruthlessly destroy it will come to waar RR as? ey | Pere
think of it asdid many, regarding the pine, Wet 679,077 ;
black walnut and oak, which a quarter of a cen-| Newry. ...........0c0ceuee- 1,721,570 1,167
tury ago were cut down and burned to get them | Drogheda.................- 767,119 =%
out of the way. Carnarvon’ iss o..2 2c oe tee 560,669 aeial
The forests of the old world are almost wholly | Cork Quay...............-. 6,689,903 52,455
denuded of their tanning materials, and what is | Portrush..........+s....... 874,201 tee
left is guarded with jealous care. The hemlock | DUPIIN.-+---------++11e00 7,088,444 20,488
5 Weebport. .::.csclscousansieme 633,294 eae
resources of the eastern states are becoming so B ;
ta : GDI: seins re Bane amps dee 426,662
limited as to receive a marked measure of watch- Galway! ss, chee ee 546,795
fulness ; those of the Northwest are yet abun“ | Africa..................... 1,009,331 114,324
dant, and it behooves their possessors, in view | Mumbles f. 0............-- 702,513 11,977
of the recent discoveries which enable the bulky | Warrenpoint...... ........ 1,078,647
bark to be compacted into economical shape for | AY?.-+-.-+++++-eeece ee veces 415,115
transportation even to Europe, to conserve and | AUStralia..... +. ..sssse0es 1,205,804 82,607
and protect this valuable timber, which in many yaaa a eine ae 2 422,650
respects is more available to the uses of man, |winiow. ia pe
and possesses an economic value of greater ex- Plymouth.... ....ecesceeee 440,546
tent than the pine. The latter is of the greatest | Clare Castle........ ....... 315,624
value, as a firm building material, in which it | Hare Island................ 567,739 Ey
will always prove superior to hemlock or any | Barrow..........-...-..... 1,390,794 54,046

other timber, but it is valueless as to its bark,
or even as railroad ties. The hemlock, on the
contrary, as a coarse building material, is in
every respect equal to pine, its limbs, when of
sufficient size, are available and valuable for the
manufacture of ties, while its bark has no
superior as a tannin. Let those who now con-
trol the hemlock forests of the Northwest learn
the lessons of its value, as taught them by the
denizens of the old world, and of the eastern
states of our own country.—orthwestern Lum-
berman.,

172,974,735 5,756,285

Northwestern Lumberman :—

More, Post Szozawnk, GALLICIE,
AUSTRIA, October 26, 1881. 1

NEW BRUNSWICK EXPORTS OF WOOD.

The Monetary Times says the export of sawn
lumber and square timber from the port of St.
John forms at all times an interesting feature of
our trans-Atlantic trade. This year’s shipments
continue to be principally made by the same
parties as in former years. During October,
however, a larger proportion appears to have
gone to the Continent of Europe. The October
statement shows that out of a total export of
18,489,000 feet of deals, battens and ends, 2,-
738,000 feet, or about 15 per cent. went direct to
the Continent, forty per cent to Liverpool, and
thirty-five per cent to London. The remaining
tenth was shipped to Irish and other ports in
the United Kingdom. The number of vessels
despatched for the month was 25, of an aggre-
gate tonnage of 11,437. These carried, in addi-
tion to the deals, &c., already mentioned, about
360 tons of birch timber and 967,000 feet of
scantling, boards and palings. The leading
shippers were, in order, Alex. Gibson, R. A. &
J. Stewart, Guy, Bevan & Co., W. M. Mackay,
and we perceive in the list the name of the
Spool Manufacturing Co. of Peticodiac, as
shippers of 110,000 feet, mainly deals and
battens.

The lumber and timber shipment of the season
from St. John to ports across the ocean, ¢. ¢.,
for the ten months from the beginning of the
year to the end of October amounts to 179,000, -
000 superficial feet of deals and boards, 3,969
tons of birch timber, and 806 tons of pine tim-
ber. These are classified as under :—

it may contain some items of interest.

try is fir and pine.

reference to those two kinds,

standard.
The saw mill business in this country, as

the times.

eighty cents per thousand feet.

his old-fashioned, expensive way of operating.

15,000 is a good average.
$20,000 to $25,000.

drives, ete.

J .
Deals, battens and eu ns Siicled 179,974,735 | W2SOn88e 38 very cheap, running at from fifty
Boards and scantlings sp. ft...e..sseeeeeee 5,756,285 to eighty cents por day for a two-horse team,
Palings, splece*. a8: Meanacuhcs ome ernce 395,000 though the work is often so meanly and un-
TIMBER - steadily done that half of that money is too
Pine timber, “tOne’s acres trv chicos one eeniee sie ats ate sog | much to pay for it. For cutting down the
Bitch; Gonads sean coeematnuree ew kek waiter 3,969 | trees and working them up into logs the price is

Of the timber, 2,988 tons of birch and 743
tons of pine went to Liverpool, 1,002 tons of
birch to Carnarvon, and the remainder to Dun-
dalk, Wexford, and Waterford. Of the lumber,
about 26,000,000 feet went to Bristol Channel,
nearly 20,000,000 feet to the Continent, 7,700,

per thousand feet.

though it is sometimes $3 and $3.50.

000 to Scotland, 1,200,000 to Australia. But
77,000,000 feet, or about 43 per cent. of the
whole, was destined for Liverpool and London.
The proportions shipped to various ports are

it. deals, &c. Ft. boards, &e.

THE. LUMBER{BUSINESS IN AUSTRIA.
The following interesting letter appears in the

Doubtless this letter is written by one of your
most distant readers, but coming, as it does,
from the Carpathian mountains, now the most
important forest region from which the middle
European lumber markets receive their supply,

The greater part of the woodland in this coun-
There are also large quan-
tities of oak and maple, and considerable beech.
As the principal woods are fir and pine, all my
remarks about the lumber business will have
The lumber in
this country is counted by the cubic foot, but
the following statements refer to English square
feet, and the prices are reduced to your money

company, has been in Duluth for a year or mor
and is reported to be thoroughly posted in s

branches of the lumbering business. {
George Green, the general manager, is a ne
comer, but the fact that he holds such a positic
in this strong corporation is a guarantee that

is a competent business man. Duluth may cc
sider herself fortunate in securing such an add
tion to her lumber firms as the Duluth um be
Company.
compared with that of America, is much behind
The wealth of wood is immense,
although when timber is bought in large quanti-
ties it is very cheap, selling at from fifty to
Wages in the
Carpathian mountains are very small, ranging
from fifteen to twenty cents per day. The saw
mill man here does not generally make much
money, but it is his own fault, and is owing to

There are some mills here with eight and nine
gangs, although the majority of them have but
three or four, and as many small circulars, with
benches for edging boards or cutting lath. The
maximum capacity of such a mill is from 15,-
000 to. 20,000 feet in twelve hours; but as the
gangs need a great deal of repair, from 12,000 to
Such mills cost from

The logs are mostly brought to the mills on
waggons, and it is seldom one sees rollways,
The reason for this may be that

forty-five or fifty cents per thousand feet. The
cost of bringing logs to the mill is from $1 to $2
The cost of cutting the logs
into boards is usually $2.50 per thousand feet,

The average’ price _of first-class lumber is

$8.20 ; for second class, $7, and for third-cl
$5.50. Most of the mills work, with sma!
capital, and are obliged to buy the wood iz
small quantities and pay from $1 to $1.40 5
thousand feet for it.

I am sure that the cost of production, as wi
as that of bringing the logs to the mills, by
proper management, could be reduced one-half
and that an American saw mill man, wit
ample capital, and a well-arranged mill, ¢
do a very good business here. There are enoug
American oil men in this country looking
business, but I believe that lumbermen woul
find a more profitable field for their business.

Should any of the readers of the Lumbe
wish to learn more of the state of the 1
trade here, I will answer any enquiry

pleasure.
Frep Bapz

THE DULUTH LUMBER C0.

The Lake Superior News says this is the titl

of a new lumbering concern that proposes t
take a large share in the development «
Duluth’s manufacturing industries. This com
pany is organized under a charter from th
State of LDlinois, and will have an office i
Chicago as well as in Duluth, though its m
business will necessarily be transacted in th
latter place. The officers are,S. K. ™
President; R. L. Henry, Treasurer; Ge
Green, General Manager, and H. B. Moor
Secretary, the last two gentlemen having the
office in Duluth. The capital stock of #
company is $300,000, and a portion of this su
is already being invested in a saw mill, x
well under way. The piles for the found
are all driven, the mason work largely comp
ed, and the framing also well advanced.
mill is to be 160x54, with a wing 31x64, and th
engine room 64x50. Six boilers will run #
huge engine, which will have 500 horse pc
The mill will be supplied with a circular sa

and also a gang, with edgers, trimmers, ste
feed, and all the latest improved machiner
and will have a capacity of 100,000 feet per d.
The mill will be in readiness for business by th
opening of navigation next spring, and alread
the proprietors have contracted for 25,000,0
feet of logs, part to be cut on the St. Le
river, and part on the South Shore.
Mr. H. B. Moore, the secretary of the n

A RESTIGOUCHE SPOOL FACTORY.
The Spool Factory of Messrs. C. G.

with & Co., at Jacquet River, Restigouch
County, which was destroyed by fire a she
time ago, is being rebuilt and will be ready fe
operations in a few weeks. The new buildi
will be a much more substantial structure th
the former one, and better adapted for the p
poses for which it is intended in many respect
The main building is 150 feet long by 36 fee
wide, and has 14 feet posts, with rafters 36 fee
which gives it a very heavy, steep roof.
is to prevent snow from lodging on it, wh
caused a great deal of trouble to the form
building last winter, often endangering th
roof. Besides the building, the dimensions
which are given above, there are the boiler
engine house in connection with it on the ne
side, and another building 80 feet in lengt
joined to it at the east end, which is intende
for kilns, etc. On each side of the roof of th
main building are two rows of windows, bui
dormer fashion, which light the upper sto
under the roof, so that the whole building is 2
convenient and well lighted as if it Were re
a two storey one.
cook house and several dwelling houses st
near it, forming the nucleus of a village. y
site of the factory is on a branch of Armstror
Brook, about two miles from the I.C.R. stati
at Jacquet River.
birch, of excellent quality for spool mak
grow in this district, Thirty or forty men

A blacksmith shop, a

Great quantities of

at present employed in the work of construction;
but the number of hands kept at work when the
ory is in operation exceeds this considerably.
e: great deal of employment, too, is given to
farmers in this neighbourhood hauling wood to
t during the winter. The new settlement
“around the factory is to be called Beckettville.
-St. John, N.B., Sun.

SHEER BOOMS.
During the past season the sheer booms intro-
duced by Mr. L. W. Pond, of Wisconsin, on
Upper portion of the St. John River and its
ibutaries. have been subjected to a practical
test, which has demonstrated their usefulness in
a high degree; in fact, the sheer booms have
olutionized the running of logs down river
he rafting grounds of the Fredericton Boom
Till the introduction of Mr. Pond’s inven-
tion, the logs, set afloat by the spring freshet,
helplessly followed the course of the current
down stream, and were, as the water fell, or
through the action of the wind, deposited by
housands on bars and heads of islands, and,
where the shores were low, were scattered in
= over miles of intervale, from which their
emoval often cost more than the logs were
orth, besides subjecting the company to
amaces for injuries done to the meadow lands.
The ack of following the drives down and
acking the shores was therefore one of the most
expensive portions of the river operations.
Pond’s sheer booms have practically cut this
own to a minimum, the modus operandi being
s follows :—Sheer booms are placed at the
eads of the islands and shoals, and wherever
e set of the current would carry the logs over
e low banks, at such angles that the logs
king against them are shot out again into
ent and so carried on successively past each
d resting place in safety to Federicton. In
lis way the main drive is kept moving while
water is high and all the logs are got to
ket ; whereas, under the old method, a
adden fall of water would leave the shores and
at of the way lodging places lined with thou-
nds of logs. Full advantage can also be taken
f a sudden rise of water in midsummer or fall,
| rush through logs that had been hung up
ier in the season. The extraordinarily large
m of logs during the past season proved, be-
ond doubt, the great. benefit these booms are
the lumber operators along the upper St.
hn; and this test will doubtless have the
fect of introducing them on other rivers in the
fovince. Mr. Pond is now arranging to put
sheer booms on the Restigouche next season,
th every prospect of success ; and it is not un-
that, at no distant ia, they must be
on the Miramichi.—St. John, N.B.,

am ee OS TE | STS LS LS LTS LS | I IT EE TT

e]
TK

THE DURABILITY OF REDWOOD.

flention was made in a recent issue of this
of the suitability of redwood for wine
Messrs. Fulda Brothers, of San Francis-
s us that redwood casks have been used
ifornia for many years; indeed, two
ds of the vast wine crop of that State is
nented and stored in casks and tanks made
this timber. The casks simply require to be
ghtly steamed and well soaked to remove the
; after that the fermentation of the wine
snot extract any color or taste.

he trade in redwood is becoming of consider-
importance, a great deal being shipped
ward to Denver, Omaha, Kansas City, and
antic coast as far as Rhode Island.

¢ wood is specially valuable in situations
h oceasion rapid decay in other timber.
nty years ago the Russian Fur Company
bd a redwood stockade at Fort Ross,
The posts were cut down leve) with
round some years ago, but the buried
remain perfectly sound, excepting the
layer of sapwood near the bark, the alter-
and drying of seventy years having
effect upon the heart wood. A
f one of the poste, with a certified state-
of ite history, was sent to San Francisco a
eke ago. Thesender, Mr. G. W. Coll,
| Rose, states that he knows of shoots
id stumps which have grown to be three
feet in diameter in forty years, indicating
ful restorative power in redwood forests

q -
yurien

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

The redwood in demand in California for
underground uses is what is known by the
lumbermen as ‘“‘black-hearted redwood.” It
shows a dark color when cut with a knife, the
the outer layer only becoming ‘‘ seasoned.”
“ Black-heart” is exceedingly heavy—too heavy
to float. One who has observed schooner-load-
ing at chutes along the coast tells the Pacific
Rural Press that a post of this wood which
plunges overboard never rises, and a board
lingers on the surface a moment and then slowly
slides down into the depths. This is the sort

which is sought for in foundations, and under | Every attention paid to guests.

brick walls is believed to be imperishable.—
Scientific American.

‘A New Species of Horses.

The Annals and Magazine of Natural History
for July contains a translation of a Russian
paper, in which M. Poliakof brings forward a
mass of evidence in proof of the existance of a
hitherto unknown species of horse, not far from
Zaisan, in Central Asia, The animal appears to
resemble a small domestic horse, of a dun color;
its head is large in proportion to the size of the
animal ; and the root of its tail is destitute of
long hairs for some distance. M. Polikof names
his supposed new species Hquus Przewalskti, in
in honor of the traveler who brought the skin to
Russia. He regards it as a true horse, and re-
marks that “if it were possible to prove that
culture influenced the growth~of the tail, and
that this became more hairy, and the mane
longer, under altered conditions of life,” it
might be affirmed that ‘“‘it was indeed the an-
imal whose ancestors were reclaimed by man in
the stone period, the so-called domestic horse of
our day.

Preserve the Forest.

The Monetary Times says the time has come
for paying greater attention to the remains of
our forest wealth, be it great or small. Hach
province has a Crown Lands Department ; but
the object of these departments has hitherto
been rather to sell than to preserve the timber.
Great attention is paid to forestry on the conti-
nent of Europe, where forest literature has
reached extensive dimensions. Our forest
literature has yet to be written ; and apparently
we shall begin seriously to study the subject
about the time when we have cut down or burnt
up our last forest. The United States is becom-
ing alive to the daily increasing necessity for
the preservation of its forest wealth. It is use-
less to regret the wholesale destruction that has
been practised in the past ; the one thing needful
is to repair it so far as the future needs of the
country may require. This work has been com-
menced in the States ; we shall do doubt follow
at a greater or less distance.

A Labor Saving Appliance.

Knapp, Stout & Co., with mills at Meno-
ininee, Wis., give the following description of
the machinery with which the rafted lumber is
taken from the water at its yards at St. Louis,
Mo. :—We are now operating our pulling
machine, and when completed we will be able to
handle with it 500,000 feet daily. The track,
with six rails, runs out into the river below the
low water mark, and back about 200 feet from
the shore. On top of the main car, which is
16x44 feet, is another car, 10x32 feet, on which
the crib is floated, and then drawn out by
machinery and pulled off at right angles from
the main track, thus keeping the track into the
river, for another top car can be run back to
the river for another crib. Our cribs of lumber
are 16x32 feet by 50x26 inches deep, and weigh
30 tons. We use a pair of 10x20 inch engines
for pulling out the car, and a small engine for
transferring. We use a large pump and hose
for washing.

A Useful Cement.

When rubber rings are used for steam, gas,
and other pipes, the following cement can be
employed to prevent any escape :—Resin is
pulverized and mixed with ten times its weight
of strong ammonia. <A viscous mass is obtained,
which liquifies by itself after three or four
weeks. This mass adheres very well to rubber,
as also to iron or wood, and when the ammonia
volatizes the cement hardens and becomes im-
permeable to gases and liquids,

Ki. S. VINDIN,

Commission, Shipping, Vorwarding and
General Agent,

LUMBER MERCHANT

Office, Tempest’s Block, Port Hope. wu)

Caledonian Hotel,

GRAVENHURST.

JOHN SHARPE, Proprietor. This Hotel has been
newly opened out, pleasantly situated on Main Street,
within five minutes walk of Northern Railway station.
Bar kept with best assorted Wines, Liquors and Cigars.
Good Stabling. ly.lh

Simcoe House,
CORNER FRONT and SIMCOE STS.
LOR OW Te, On:

T&F Best accommodation in the City. TERMS $1.50
and $1.00 per day, according to Location of Rooms.

24126 WILLIAM HANCOCK, Proprietor.

The American Hotel,
BARRIE, OWT,

Collier Street, Adjoining the Market.

RATES REASONABLE, CENTRAL LOCATION,
‘FREE BUS TO AND FROM ALL TRAINS.

fay Every accommodation for Commercial and
LUMBERMEN.
14

FRANCOIS MARCHAND,

Manufacturer of all Descriptions of
STEAM BOILERS,
SHIPS WATER TANKS, Ete,

St. Roch Street, QUEBEC, P. Q.

CANADA TRUSS FACTORY

(ESTABLISHED 1856.)

Ie ee Oli F

Manufacturer of SURGICAL and ORTHOPC:DICAL
INSTRUMENTS. ARTIFICIAL LIMBS made to order.
INDIA RUBBER GOODS of every description. 119-ly

688 and 690 Craig Street, Montreal.

W. D. McDONALD, Proprietor.

12124

P. PAYETT’S NEW IMPROVED

Adjustable Saw Guide !

Can be adjusted without danger. You can take your
saw off without taking the guide off the frame.

All kinds of Brass & Iron Casting

PLAINING and TURNING done with
Despatch. For particulars address :

CRAIG & CAMERON,

PENETANCUISHENE. _ 1ly-117

ROBERT SMALLWOOD

MANUFACTURER OF

The Patent Lever Feed Shingle,
Box Board & Heading Machine

(Always takes First Prize.)

Rotary Saw Mills
IN FOUR SIZES, and other
MACHINERY for SAW and
GRIST MILLS.

PE SEND FOR CIRCULAR. -@X

CHARLOTTETOWN,

Prince Edward Island

Has no S equal for the permanent cure of

Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and
all Lung Diseases. ‘
bottle guaranteed to give satisfaction.

Coughs, Colds, Sore Throat, Asthma, Croup, |
MILBURN &CO., Proprietors Toronto. .

t 1‘ avi

Flexible Board Rules,

With Steel Head, either Cleveland or
London make, at $1.75 Each.

GEORGE STETHEM,

PETERBOROUGH, 116

J.G. EDWARDS

HARDWARE MERCHANT

1 ESD SAL we

BELTING, FILES, BABBIT METAL,
CHAINS, ROPE, and

LUMBERING SUPPLIES.
SAMUEL WINDRIM,

OF

ly 17

MANUFACTURE!

Agricultural Implements, Ete
MILLBROOK, ONTARIO.

HAVING DISPENSED W me THE SERV IC ES OF
AGENTS, I take this oppo roun ng 2
of intending purchasers 0 Re
have now on hand a quantity o

HANLAN REAPER,

which has NEVER BEEN BEATEN YET, and am
prepared to allow the Agents commission—FIFTEEN
PER CENT—on all purchases. Li7tf

THOS. GRAHAM

(Established 1874),
MANUFACTURER OF

New Files BL. Old Files

HAND CUT Re-
and made from the by

ground and re-cut
“Hand and War-

BEST refined English ranted equal to NEW

CAST STEEL. - for use, at prices that
All goods neatly put will effect a great sa-
up in labelled boxes ving to Mill Owners
forthe trade,towhom and all large consu-
lowest prices will be i I : mers of Files. Parties

now sending theirold

given.

Price List on appli- files can have them
cation and Sample shipped next spring
Order solicited. to their order

Factory and Offices: L27

85, SHERBOURNE STREET, TORONTO.

WISDOM & FISH

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

Rubber = Leather Belting

RUBBER HOSE, STEAM PACKING,
LUBRICATING OILS, COTTON WASTE

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings,

And all Articles used in the Application of Steam
to Machinery.

No. 41 Dock Street, St. John, N. B.
(SMALL’S BLOCK.)

N.B.—Estimates for Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus furnished on application. All work War-
ranted. ly-120

Cures Cholera, Cholera Morbus, Dy-

sentery, Cramps, Colie, Sea Sick-
ness and Summer Coniplaint ; also
Cholera Infantum, erd all Com-
plaints peculiar to children teeth-

Ing, and will be ‘ound equally
beneficial for adits or children.
FOR SALE BY ALL BSUEGEISIS.
T. MILBURN & CO.,

Proprietors, Toronto.

Travelling Agent.

MR. A. L. W. BEGG has been appointed agent for the
CANADA LUMBERMAN, and is authorized to collect sub-

scriptions and grant receipts therefor and to make con-
tracts for.advertisements appearing in its columns.

DEVOTED TO THE LUMBER AND TIMBER
INTERESTS OF THE DOMINION.

PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY BY
TOKER & Co, PETERBOROUGH.

Terms of Subscription :

One copy, one year, in advance................. $2 00
One copy, six months, in advance............... 1 00
Advertising Rates :

Ico bbe (ey Woy HO MOINCE AA nan Abdosbocncnonnoneoudd $0 90
Beraline yt Oni Ge WOME DSi e/atertslclelaystelaieleleivioielelaisicla 50
Per line, for three months........-..6eseesresees 30
Per line, for first insertion... ..000c0.s.:02s000008 10
Per line, for each subsequent insertion to 3 mo’s. 05

Cards not oecupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
PET ANNUM wo ccc ccc e ees e rence ences ssece
Cards not occupying more than 12 lines (1 inch)
jee yoy-i gu coke} ol 100 Wily amismonnt AEOr Te C000 Get orc 5 00

Cars not occupying more than 6 lines per annum 5 00
Cards not occupying more than 6 lines, for 6mo's 3 00

Special rates will be made for page, half page and
column adyertisements,

A(vertisements intended for insertion in any parti-
culav issue should reach the office of publication at
east three clear days before the day of publication, to
insure insertion.

All communications, orders and remittances should
be a ldressed and made payable to Tokmr & Co., Peter-
borough, Ont.

Communications intended for insertion in the CANADA
LUM2eRMAN, must be accompanied by the name of the
writer, not necessarily for publication, but as a
yuavantee of good faith. Communications to insure in-
serbion (if accepted) in the following number, should
be in the hands of the publishers a week before the
date of the next issue.

-TERBOROUGH, Ont. DEC. 15, 1881.

ATTENTION,

With this issue we complete the first volume
of the CANADA LUMBERMAN, as well as the year
isl. In doing so the publishers desire to re-
turn their thanks to all who have aided them by
their countenance and support since they under-
took its management. To render the CANADA
LuMbnrMAN the success which the publishers
desire, and, what is of more consequence, of
real benefit to the trade, they are of opinion
that two things are absolutely necessary to this
end, and these are,—a greater readiness on |the
part of those engaged in the trade to furnish us
with information for publication, and generally
a greater promptitude in the payment of sub-
seriptions.

Just now, for instance, we conceive it would
be very desirable, and very much in the interest
of the trade, if we could place before them a.
tolerably reliable and full statement of the
stocks of lumber, shingles, logs, and square
timber in manufacturers’ hands from the cut of
the season of 1880-1, on the first of January,
1882. Of course in the present instance we
would have no similar records for previous years
with which to make comparisons, and to draw
conclusions from, but it would still be of con-
siderable yalue, and it would be the beginning
of a veeord which would prove of great value in
the future. Under existing circumstances such
a statement, however, can only be obtained by
each one engaged in the trade undertaking to
forward us a brief memorandum of the stocks
held by himself, and by his neighbours, where
he can do so, from other information than mere
guess work, as data from which we might make
up district statements. As the labor involved
in collating and comparing such returns will be
considerable, we would suggest, as a matter of
convenience, that the senders should state first
the particulars with regard to their own hold-
ings, or those firms in which they are interested,
secondly the same particulars with regard to the
holdings of others with which they are familiar,
and thirdly their general opinion as to the rela-
tive stocks on hand now and a year ago, and
the probabilities for the season upon which we
have entered, If each one would only do this

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

holidays. Will they try ?

how they stand.

figure precedes the month.

rejoicing.

will have the pleasure of doing so.

VALUABLE § SUGGESTIONS.

readers to the article headed ‘‘ Suggestions
from Maine,” which we have reproduced in this
issue from the Worthwestern Lumberman. It
appears that in this neighbouring State they
have in a measure solved the problem
perpetuating the supply of lumber from their
forests. Our readers may well consider whether
we in Canada may not learn something from
this example. In some portions of our forest
lands some such plan, properly modified, might

well be adopted.

Tur timber trade out of Hamilton increased
considerably this year, and it seemed as if we
had indeed returned to the good times of old to
see the many cargoes and rafts of timber which
left Hamilton during the past season. It is
hoped they will still be more numerous next
year.

Tuer timber limits, mill site, and dock at
Batchewana Bay, on the North Shore of Lake
Superior, which were offered for sale by public
auction in Toronto on the 8th™inst., failed to
find a purchaser. Only one bid of $10,000 was
offered, and, this being below the reserve bid,
they were withdrawn.

———$———$

Tur Upper Ottawa Towing Company, which
has recently been organized for the purpose of
navigating the Upper Ottawa and its tributaries,
have acquired four of the steamers of the Union
Forwarding Company, and intends constructing
three new boats which will be ready for the
opening of navigation. The fleet will be princi-
pally engaged in towing timber and saw logs,
but passenger boats will also be put on the
route.

A RECENT telegram from St. John, N.B., says
there is plenty of snow in the woods on the
upper St. John and its branches, and the lum-
bermen are now fairly at work. The estimated
total of the lumber to be cut on the upper St.
John this winter is 65,500,000 feet. This, how-
ever, does not include the operations on the
Aroostook and the Tobique, which will swell
the aggregate to not less than 90,000,000 feet.
This is about three-fourths of the amount usually
obtained.

.

A Grnat forest of long leaf pines covers more
than one-third of the area of Mississippi. This
vast forest, taking into view the quality and
use of the wood, the inexhaustible supply, the
great height and size of the trees, is an enormous
store of undeveloped wealth. There is no other
such pine forest to be found in the world. As
far back as 1753, France supplied her navy with
masts and spars from this forest. It is pene-
trated by numerous water-courses, which are
capable of floating the timber to the gulf coast
for a distance of about 100 miles. Tt stands
next to coal for fuel in factories and machine
shops, and yields turpentine more abundantly
than any other species of pine.—Zumberman’s
Gazette,

for himself, they would furnish us, and in that
way obtain for themselves, an amount of inform-
ation which could not fail to be of considerable
yalue, without materially trespassing on their

With regard to the second point, by reference
to the labels on their papers, they can see just
For instance, when they find
“9 Oct. 81” following their name it requires
two dollars to pay thelr subscription up to the
Ist Oct. last, and the same way whenever a
If they have paid
they will find, or should find, the figure “0”
before the month on the label. In fact whenever
they find a figure before the month on their
label, they are indebted to us for that amount,
and although the amount, of itself, is small, yet
they amount to such a large sum in the aggre-
gate that, if paid, it would send us on our way

In conclusion we beg to take this, the first
opportunity we have had, of wishing a constitu-
ency extending from Nova Scotia to the Rocky
Mountains a Merry Christmas and a Happy
New Year, and to express the hope that it is
only the first of many occasions upon which we

We beg to call the especial attention of our

of

ply to Parliament for an Act of incorporation.

Cumberland County.

ploying of laborers and preparing the mills,

busiest of all busy seasons for our lumbermen.

and the low price of lumber.

Mr. William aioeeee of Ottawa, accompanied

formation about saw mill machinery, as Mr.

Mackey is about erecting a new mill on the

Ottawa. In the course of the day Mr. Mackey
also visited the shops of Mr. William Hamilton,
and was so well pleased with what he saw there
and we have no doubt but that the visit will
lead to business. We may add that this was
Mr. Mackey’s first visit to Peterborough and
that he was induced to make it solely by what
he had seen in the Canada Lumberman with
reference to Messrs. Irwin & Boyd’s mill and
the manufactures of Mr. Hamilton.

THE Northwestern [- mberman says that Bond

& Jenkins, some time since, had a quantity of

lumber burned on thedock at Oswego, N.Y. The
lumber was shipped from Canada, and the
duties on it had not been paid. The firm inform-
ed Collector Fort, of that port, that they did
not wish to pay customs duties on the burned
lumber. The collector insisted that the payment
must be made, and at length Bond & Jenkins
appealed to the treasury department at Wash-
ington for a decision in the case. <A reply was
received from the department that duties on the
burned lumber need not be paid ; and there was
where Bond & Jenkins had the advantage of
Mr. Fort. This decision might be considered a
test case.

THE Timber Trades Journal says that the
trade in imported house joinery is assuming
large proportions, judging from the steadily
increasing supply coming forward both from the
Baltic and America. The door trade especially
is reported to be brisk, and it is becoming quite
a department of the timber merchant’s business
to keep a stock of these goods. Consumers find
it very convenient to buy doors, windows, &c.,
ready made, thereby saving the trouble and de-
lay of manufacture, although it is questionable
whether they could not be made cheaper at
home, when heavy railway carriage has to be
taken into account. In pine doors we are pleas-
ed to hear that Canadian goods appear to be
finding great favor, being as a rule well finished
off, and thoroughly well seasoned and glued
together. The colonials now supply a good
door, moulded on the solid, giving all the advan-
tages in appearance and wear possessed by an
ordinary moulded door at the same price as a
square one of the same dimensions.

OUR FOREST WEALTH.

THE realization by the Ontario Government
of over seven hundred thousand dollars, in a
single day, for the privilege of cutting timber
on the public domain, should of itself, be sufti-
cient to induce the adoption of prompt and vig
orous measures for the protecting of our forest
wealth. ‘Large however, as is the sum which
has been obtained at the sale of the 6th imst., it
is after all but a moderate portion of what the
Province is likely to receive for the same, and
but a very small portion of what it will un-
doubtedly receive, can the timber now on this
twelve hundred odd square miles be protected
from its great enemy—fire.

It is true that at the instance of the present
commissioner of Crown Lands—Mr. Pardee—
the Ontario Legislature some years ago placed
on the statute book a measure designed to pre-
vent the setting out of fires during the danger-

THE Quebec Timber Company intends to ap-

Mr. B. Youne intends to have 100 men in
the lumber woods, Halfway River, and head of
River Hebert, during the coming season, in

TxHeE Bangor, Me., Commercial says the finish-
ing up of the season’s sawing, the sending of
teams to the woods, purchasing of supplies, em-

lumber goods and logs for winter, make this the

The winter’s operations will not be as heavy as
last year, owing to the increased cost of labor

by his son and another gentleman paid a visit to
Peterboro’ last week, for the purpose of ispecting
Messrs. Irwin & Boyd’s mill, and gathering in-

ous seasons of the year, but however good ths
act may be, it hasfremained practically a dead le
ter, owing to its being made the duty of no pe
son or persons to see it enforced, and we belli
it will continue so unless the Government a
point proper persons for that purpose.
the importance of the interests involved
justify any reasonable expenditure for sx
purpose will not for a moment be disputed.
As matters are now going the day cannot be
far distant when the valuable patrimony which
we inherited from past ages in our forests wi
be a thing of the past. -
Timber, like that for which we are just
receiving annually large sums, and which di
ly and indirectly is giving so much emple
to our people, is not produced in two or thre
life times, it is therefore bound to decrea
quite rapidly enough under the lumbe
axe, without adding to its depletion by wan!
fires, which might be largely prevented by t
adoption of proper measures to that end, and
by excluding settlers from our pine lands. -
course we are aware that there are those wh |
will cry out against this latter suggestion, b
that does not compensate for the millions t
have been lost, or prevent the country can 7
ing large losers in the way of revenue and em-
ployment, by the Government encouraging
discriminate settlement. The high bonu
already paid and the dues still to be paid
some of the limits sold last week prove, that
much of these lands is worth infinitely more’
to the country for the timber that now stands
upon them than the settlers could be, even if a ’
prosperous one could be placed on every hun-
dred acres—a thing which is impossible, b ‘
itis notorious that the best pine land axe the
least adapted to the wants of the settler—unless
he be a timber shark.
Moreover, the encouragement of indiscrimi
nate settlement and a failure to protect the tim-
ber from the fire fiend is a great injustice to
men who invest their money in these limits,
well as the Province. High as the prices realiz-
ed at the recent sale were, they would undoubt-
edly have been higher, had the purchasers been
guardfiteed reasonable protection against &
destruction of the timber they were purch
Indeed the great risk relei Rice ag Aka ;
year that it is allowed to stand, compels its
See te Se ee order
to secure himself against loss, notwithstanding
that such a course is wasteful of "eebeable tim-
ber, and calculated to depress the lumber 1m
ket.
It is to be hoped that the importance of this
subject will no longer be overlooked by t
powers that be, but that speedy and
measures will be adopted whereby the me
may be made out of our forests, and the
day when they will cease to yield an income t
the Provincial ex-chequer, and afford employ
ment to our people be posponed as long as po
sible.

GOVERNMENT SALE OF TIMBER
IN MUSKOKA.

The Legislative Chamber in the old P
ment Buildings on Front street is a quasi-s
place. When the is in session woe
be to the unlucky wight not wearing M.P.P.
after his name who ventures therein! He i
immediately pounced upon by the sergean’ t
arms and borne away no one knows whither,
terhaps to the dungeon or the tomb. But
on Tuesday, Dec. 6th, the gloomy old chamber
wore a different aspect. If you had dropped i
shortly after noon you would have seen the
speaker's dias occupied, but not by the speaker
and the member's chairs filled, but not by the
members. The occasion was the rarely-oceurrin
one of a sale of timber limits by the Ontari
Government, and the occupant of the dias
Mr. G. B. Cowper, of the Crown Lands ¢

ment,

efficient

THE AUCTIONEER FOR THE NONCE,
who wielded an ebony ruler instead of the
tomary gavel, while filling the chairs
spreading over into the ladies’ gallery were lead
ing lumbermen from all parts of Ontario, or
those who were acting in their behalf. At the
side of Mr. Cowper sat Hon. Mr. Pardee, cc
missioner of crown lands, in general supervision
of the sale. Among

THOSE PRESENT

connected with the lumber trade were Cook

Bros. and McArthur Bros., Toronto ; Jes
Booth and R. Nagle, Ottawa; J. C. Miller,

Parry Sound ; E. W. Rathbun, Deseronto ; J.
- Cockburn, Gravenhurst ; J. Petrie, Guelph ; T.
Murray, Pembroke; J. Bonfield, Eganville,
besides several American buyers from Bay City,
Saginaw, Tonawanda, and other places. The
gentlemen from the other side, however, did
‘not invest to any great extent, the large majori-
ty of the berths going to Canadian firms. Be-
‘sides those engaged in the lumber business were
one or two Toronto lawyers, who bought largely
in the interests of other parties.

HOW SALES ARE CONDUCTED.

A sale of timber limits is not an everyday
affair. The law, with a wholesome fear of what
might occur under the stress of ‘‘ party exigen-
cies,” does not permit timber limits to be dis-
posed of in the usual way as lands for settle-
ment purposes. ‘The latter may be bought at
any time, but the former can only be obtained
when the Crown Lands Department brings on a
‘sale, which must be by public competition.
‘Hence the crowd of lumbermen and others on
‘uesday, anxious in the present prosperous
‘state of the lumber trade to obtain limits, and
knowing that this would probably be their last
chance for years to come. The last sale of tim-
ber limits by the Ontario Government was in
1872, when over $500,000 was realized. On
Tuesday timber berths in the townships of
Mowat, Blair, McConkey, Hardy, Patterson,
Mills, Sinclair, Bethune, Proudfoot, Gurd,
Machar, Strong, Joly, Laurier, Pringle, Lount,
Nipissing and Himsworth, all in the Muskoka
and Parry Sound districts, were offered for sale.
‘The limits aggregated
‘ 1,411 SQUARE MILES ;
berths amounting to 130 square miles were with-
drawn, the reserve bid not being reached, and
the remainder sold for a total of $717,176, or an
average per square mile, exclusive of ground
rent, of $560. This is a most remarkable show-
ing, and the significance of the figures will be
realized when it is stated that at the last sale,
which was held by the Quebec Government, the
average was only $98, while the sale held by the
Ontario Government in 1872 produced an aver-
aze of only $199. The bidding on Tuesday
afternoon was at the outset slow and backward,
he first couple of berths being withdrawn, but
it quickly grew rapid and lively, and in some
instances very large figures were reached.
a: THE HIGH EST PRICE PAID
was for berth No. 2 in the township of McCon-
key, which, was knocked down to Mr. J. M.
Martin for $2,500 per square mile, or a total of
9,000; berth No. 1 in the township of Joly
was sold to Mr. J. L. Burton for $42,550, or
2,300 per square mile; No. 4 in Nipissing to
6. A. Brough for $28.875, or $1,540 per square
mile ; No. 3 in Mills to the same gentleman for
25,381, or $1,410 per square mile ; No. 3 in Joly
to J. Bonfield for $21,900, or $1,200 per square
nile ; No. 4in Strong to McArthur Bros. for
11,000, or $1,100 per square mile; No. 3 in
limsworth to J. R. Booth for $17,760, or $1,110
er square mile ; No. 3 in Sinclair and No. 1 in
[cConkey to Cook Bros, for $14,840 and $22,-
7, or $1,060 and $1,050 respectively per square
le. The lowest price reached was for No. 3
Mowat, which was sold to T. G. Blackstock
r $937, or $50 per square mile. The sale alto-

was
A MOST SUCCESSFUL ONE,

lly realizing in the matter of prices the ex-
ctations of the Government. As the law
tmerly stood, limit holders had only five years
which to remove the pine from the lands
ich they had under license, any timber re-
after that time belonging to the settler,
the last session of the legislature an Act
passed under which a licensee on payment
he ground rent ($2 per square mile) and dues
renew his license from year to year, the
ament after a certain number of years
to the settler a percentage of the dues
xted upon the timber cut. The disparity
gen the prices paid for different berths is of
e accounted for by the variety in the quali-
d quantity of pine, the facilities for floating
reams, acreage burnt, etc. :
NO INFORMATION
x the quantity of pine on the various
, c., wae furnished by the Government,
ending purchasers had to make an exami-

nation for themselves of such limits as they
wished to buy. As one facetious humberman
put it when the sale was drawing to a close and

the auctioneer remarked on the growing dark-
ness of the room, ‘‘ We’ve been in the dark all
the afternoon.” Lumbermen, however, general

ly know what they are doing and buying, and
those at the sale on Tuesday did not look as if
they were exceptions to the rule. As a matter
of fact all the firms sent out experts to examine
the several berths, and of course the reports
made thereon were kept a profound seeret. Ais
soon, however, as the berth was knocked down
the lumbermen would tell one another what
their report was. For instance, one berth over

which there was considerable competition was
reported to one firm as being good for three-
quarters of a million feet per mile, and another
firm had it rated at one million. One gentle-
man, however, nearly caught himself in the

matter of a bid. One limit which was going up
by $10 bids, and had reached the sum of $2,090,
when the audience was suddenly surprised to
hear him ejaculate “$3,000.” This, of course,
put a stop to all further competition, ant the
berth was knocked down to him for that sum.
Tt turned out, however, that the too eager buyer
had only intended to advance the usual $10 and
say ‘* $2,100.” The limit was accordingly put
up again and ultimately sold to another for 42,-
300.—Toronto World,

Tur -frame work of the knitting factory on
Goderich street, Halifax, is fast approaching
completion. The manufactory will give work
to some forty or fifty hands.

M. Lrcru, the Paris capitalist, now in Que-
bec, says that fifty millions of francs have been
subscribed in France for investment in local in-
dustries in Quebee Province.

_OngE EXxperrENcE rrom Many,—I had been
sick and miserable so long and had caused my
husband so much trouble and expense, no one
seemed to know what ailed me, that 1 was com-
pletely disheartened and discouraged. In this
frame of mind I got a bottle of Hop Bitters and
used them unknown to my family. 1 soon
began to improve and gained so fast that my
husband and family thought it strange and un-
natural, but when [ told them what had helped
me they said ‘‘ Harrah for Hop Bitters! long
may they prosper, for they have made mother
well and us happy.”—The Mother. — Home
Journal.

A ReLtaBLe Fact.—It is an established fact
that Hagyard’s Pectoral Balsam is the best
eure for coughs, colds, sore throat, asthma,
croup, bronchitis, and all troubles arising from
neglected colds. Price 25 cents.

Deciinr or Man.—Impotency of mind, limb
or vital function, nervous Weakness, sexual de-
bility, and all diseases caused by indiscretions
and abuse, are radically and promptly cured by
the use of Mack’s Magnetic Medicine, which is
for sale by all responsible druggists. See adver-
tisement in another column.

Weak Lunes and How to Make THEM
Srrone.—Breathe with the mouth closed, have
access at all times to pure air, exercise moder-
ately, eat nourishing but sample food, and take
that best of all cough remedies, Hagyard’s
Pectoral Balsam, it speedily cures all throat
and Jung treubles of adults or children. Price
25 cents per bottle.

Wuen Doctors DtsAcren, WHo SHALL Dr-
cipk?—Nothing is more variable than the dif-
ferent opinions of medical men ; but when they
fail to agree, or perform a cure in a chronic
disease, the patients often decide for them-
selves, and take Burdock Blood Bitters, and
speedily recover. It is the grand key to health
that unlocks all the secretions, and liberates the
slave from the captivity of disease.

Hacyarp’s Yrttow Om will be found in-
valuable for all purposes of a family medicine.
Immediate relief will follow its use. It relieves
pain, cures chilblains, frost bites, sealds, burns,
corns, rheumatism, neuralgia, etc. Wor inter-
nal use it is none the less wonderful. One or
two doses frequently cure sore throat. It will
cure croup in a few minutes. A few bottles has
often cured asthma. Colic has been cured by a
a teaspoonful dose, It cures with the utmost
rapidity, It is really a wonderful medicine,

No Impossipriiry.—People often say, when
suffering in the first stages of Consumption, or
suffering from lung disease, if theie physician
fails to effect a cure, ‘‘ my case is a hopeless one,
and my enjoyment of health again is an impos-
sibility.” The celebrated French Count Mira-
beau’s nasty temper is well known. ‘Monsieur
le Comte” said his secretary to him one day,
‘the thing you reqnire is impossible.” ‘‘ Im-
possible” exclaimed Mirabeau, starting from
his chair, ‘‘ never again use that foolish word in
my presence.” It is well-known that N. H.
Downs’ Vegetable Balsamic Hlixir has brought
to health and strength thousauds who were told
by doctors that their recovery was impossible,
Be not deceived by any apparent impossibilities;
always use the Elixir,

. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.
ee ————————— = a - = —=

“J

= =—

J. F. LAWTON

x Alexandria Saw Works

SAINT JOHN, N.B.

Saws_of all

the

kinds manufactured from
BEST CAST STEEL that can be
procured in any Market.

EVERY SAW WARRANTED.

SAWS REPAIRED in the best manner
and on Short Notice.

Send Address for Price List, Terms, &c.
122 J. F. LAWTON.

ROBERT W. LOWE.
AUCTIONEER AND COMMISSION MERCHANT

81 SANDS BUILDING, PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.

Cash advanced on Goods put in for sale.

477 No Storage charge
Bought and Sold. New and Second-hand Furniture always op ist

All kinds of Merchandise
Agent for Hazelhurat & Co's

WINTHROP COOKING RANGES, WATERLOO WOOD STOVES, FRANKLIN, &¢.. &e ae

L22-ly

SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

J. DAVIES & Co.

46 Church Street, Toronto.

Sells all sort of Lumber on Commission,

Consignments. Prices given on application. Whole
Stocks disposed on very low Commission. ly16
MEDICINE.

MACK’S MAGNETIC

= Use 4 Z|
| g |
2 >) E "
; <
5 : &
=
S =
Al :
f rs

Is a Sure, Prompt and Effectual Remedy for Nervous-
ness in ALL its stages, Weak Memory, Loss of Brain
Power, Sexual Prostration, Night Sweats, Superma
torrhoea, Seminal Weakness, and General Loss of
Power. It repairs Nervous Waste, Rejuvenates the
Jaded Intellect, Strengthens the Enfeebled Brain and
Restores Surprising Tone and Vigor to the Exhausted
Generative Organs. The experience of thousands
proves it an INVALUABLE RemEpy. The medicine is
pleasant to the taste, and each box contains sufficient
for two week’s medication, and is the cheapest and best.
#23 Full particulars in our pamphlet, which we desire
to mail free to any address.

Mack’s Magmetie Medicine is sold by Druggists
at 50 cts, per box, or 12 for $5, or will be mailed
free of postage, on receipt of the money, by addressing

MACK’S MAGNETIC MEDICINE CoO.,

d138-w49 Windsor, Ont., Canada.

Sold by all Druggists in Canada.
BREAKFAST.

“By a thorough knowledge of the natural laws
which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition,
and by a careful application of the fine properties of
well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has provided our break-
fast tables with a delicately flavored beverage which
may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the
judicious use of such articles of diet thata constitution
may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist
every tendency to disease, Hundreds of subtle mala-
dies are floating around us ready to attack wherever
there is a weak point. We may escape many a fatal
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service
Gazette.

Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold in
packets and tins only (4-lb. and Ib.) labelled

JAMES EPPS & CO., Homeopathic Chemists,
London England. L19-ly

“NIL DESPERANDUM.”

TRADE NIARK_ Important to Nervous Sufferers.
HE GREAT ENGLISH REMEDY
» for Nervous Debility and all
4 Nervous Affections, including Sper-
matorrhea, Seminal Weakness, etc.,
result of Self-abuse, indiscretion, &c.
is GRAY’S SPECIFIC MEDICINE.
This is the only remedy which has
ever been known to permanently cure
Palpitation and other affections of the
Heart, Consumption in its earlier
REEAPE TAKING stages, Rushing of blood to the head,
Wind in the Stomach, Indigestion,TRADE MARK
Loss of Memory, Want of Energy,
Bashfulness, Desire for Solitude, Low
Spirits, Indisposition to labor on ac-
count of weakness, Universal Lassi-
tude, Pain in the back, Dimness of
Vision, Premature old age, ete. Full
particulars in our pamphlet which we
send securely sealed on receipt of a
3 cent stamp. The Specific is now
sold by all Druggists at $1 per pack-
age, or 6 for $5, or will be sent free

GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.

AFTER TAKING.
by mail on Receipt of money by addressing THE
GREY MEDICINE CO., 3 Mechanics’ Block, Detroit,

Mich. 24113

i

Advances on |

CONSTIPATION

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Being tonic and mildly purgative they

PURIFY THE BLOOD

145é.

PRICE 25 CTS. PER BOTTLE.

A For sale by all dealers in medicine. Send ad-
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FY HENRY, JOHNSONS & LORD, PROPS.,
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(A Medicine, not a Drink,)
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f SEND FoR CIRCULAR.
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Sa are

SUGGESTIONS FROM MAINE.

It was given out fifteen or twenty years ago
that the lumber producing capacity of the state
of Maine was nearly exhausted, and the time
was fixed, by those learned in forest lore, when
the last mill would be shut down, the occupa-
tion of the Maine lumberman would be gone,
and the prestige of that political division of the
republic known as the Pine Tree State would
linger over it only as a memory. In truth a
part of this prophecy has come to pass, for a
large proportion of the pine of Maine has been
exhausted, and spruce is now the great depen-
dence of the manufacturers. Yet a good deal of
pine is still cut in that state, and the supply is
likely to be prolonged by a system of economy
that is the genius of eastern industry, and is but
little appreciated or practised in the West.
his economy is habitual in all lumbering
operations in Maine, and pertains to the cutting
of spruce, hemlock, and other timbers, as well as
to pine. ts peculiarity is that the largest
timber is cut first, while the smaller is lett, and
caretully preserved to grow for a future supply.
dn this way the timber iands of Maine have been
repeatedly cut over, to a large extent, at least.
Yet a stranger passing through these same
lorests would scarcely recognize the fact that
they had supplied the eastern cities for years
with millions of feet of lumber, for the growth
of trees still thickly covers the land. It 1s only
by observing the stumps that are here and there
scattered amidst the standing timber that one
would begin to realize that these silent and
sombre woods once echoed with the ringing
sound of the axe, the crash of falling trees, and
the shouts of loud-voiced teamsters. So well
have the economy of man and the forces of
nature done their work, that the forests of
Maine still maintain their primeval appearance,
and promise to supply the sturdy woodsman
with employment tor an indefinite period to
come, As a leading land owner recently put it
to the writer, with a latitude of taith, ‘* With
the present system continuously practised, the
timber supply in Maine will last to all eter-
nity.”

‘Lhe advantages derived from this system of
forest preservation are worthy of consideration
in localities where a more careless method is
pursued, Oneadvantage is that timber becomes
a source of repeated revenue, as crop after crop
is taken from it. Jirst the larger growth of
pine is assorted out ; then the larger growth of
spruce, perhaps ; then the hemlock can be cut.
in a tew years this process can be repeated, the
growth of the timber constantly creating a
supply ot larger trees. ‘Lhis development of
supply is peculiarly conserved and stimulated
by itself. In other words, none of the land
being wholly denuded of forest, the humidity
and wealth of the soil is preserved, and fires do
not sweep over the country, as in Michigan and
Wisconsin, destroying the timber, root, trunk
and branch. It is indeed stated that a devas-
tating fire is impossible in the state of Maine,
and certain it is that we have no knowledge of
such wide-sweeping conflagrations as have de-
voured the forest wealth of Canada, Michigan
and Wisconsin, Here is a practical example of
that kind of forest preservation that the ad-
vocates of forestry laws would see generally
adopted and enforced.

dn Maine the individuals directly associated
with the lumber and timber interests are group-
ed im three classes :—The owners of the lands;
the operators, or those who get out and sell the
logs, and the manutacturers. Of course these
classes often intermingle their interests. The
land owners, however, torm the most distinct
class, and are the autocrats of the situation, as
the landlords usually are. ‘Lhey are men of
capital, and are a long-headed community,
"They are the possessors ot the foundation of the
lumber interest, and are content to bide their
time. ‘They value their lands for the timber
they will produce, and intend to make the most
of .t, as the system which they pursue, already
indicated, abundantly shows. They found out,
years since, that the farmer does not seek a
settlement on their timber tracts, but prefers,
instead, to emigrate to the West. The soil,
though rich, is not abundant, a large portion of
the surface being occupied by rocks. It is
thought too, and probably with truth, that the
prohibition legislation of Maine has acted as a

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

deterrent to many foreign emigrants who would
otherwise settle in the state. Certain it is that
the hardy} Scandinavians or Germans could
make themselves comfortable homes in the Pine
Tree State as quickly as anywhere else, and
secure the benefits of nearness to profitable

markets, as well as greater nearness to the

Fatherland. A heavy, land owner of Bangor,
who was himself a temperance man, and not
opposed to anti-liquor legislation, admitted to
the writer that he had no doubt but,that the
“Maine law ” had prevented many foreigners
from settling in that state. He even said that,
under the circumstances, he never expected to
see the forest lands of Maine cleared and settled,
for this prejudice against the sumptuary law of
the state had got abroad, and it would be nearly
impossible to destroy it ; and the rugged lands
of Maine must be settled’ by, foreigners if at all.

No doubt this fact of the unmarketableness of

the wild lands of Maine has prompted the
owners of it to make the most possible of its
timber resources.

The general practice is for the owners of the
land to sell permits to the operators to lumber
on their property. It is usually owned by town-
ships, and the boundary lines of these local
divisions mark the disposal of limits. The
choice of townships, both as to ownership and
the granting of permits, is of course determined
by their nearness to streams or lakes suitable
tor getting logs to the,mills. The Maine lum-
berman is quite particular about this, and looks

with disfavor upon lands that a Michigan or

Wisconsin operator would think quite accessible
—by means of a logging railroad if by no other.
Some of the remoter sections in the northern

part of Maine are regarded as of little value
by both owners and operators, and they do not

even make an effort to stretch their imagina-
tions to the time when the demand for lumber

and the building of railroads will make these

far away districts available. It would seem

that here the ‘‘ Downeaster ” is less sagacious

than his Western compeer ; for the latter is al-
ready ranging the mountains of Montana for
timber prospects, or hunting pine half way from
Lake Superior to Hudson Bay.

In selling permits to operators to cut timber

it would seem at first blush as if they conferred
upon the purchaser an unlimited privilege to cut
and slash according to his own free will, to the
most reckless destruction of timber, a result di-

rectly opposed to the preserving policy that has

been heretofore indicated. But here profit
steps in as a conservative element. The opera-
tors, in order to realize as much as posslble on
an operation, must cut all the largest timber,
discarding the smaller growth. Though the
permit grants them the privilege of cutting as
much as they wish within certain specified

boundaries, it does not require them to cut

more than they desire; in fact, there is no
amount stipulated. Economy, then, dictates
that the operation shall be a profitable one, and
to secure this result the larger trees only are
selected, while the smaller ones are left to grow.
This system causes a constant competition to
secure eligible locations for logging, and deters
men from going back into the remoter districts,
as they would be more apt to do than if the
operators owned the land. Spruce stumpage
near streams, or where two logging streams
join, sells at $4 and $4.50 per thousand, while
that which is farther away from the water will
bring but $2.50, more or less.

The mill men of Maine have got into the
habit of competing with each other so sharply
in the purchase of their log stock that they have
narrowed the margins of their business down to
a mere thread of selvage ; and this mainly de-
pends on the ups and downs of freight rates,
This limited margin is said to be a folly on the
part of the manufacturers ; for if they would
combine together for a regulation of prices they
could secure them as well as not. Probably the
mill men themselves would tell a different story.
It is said that often, late in the season, when
freight rates become so high as to sweep away
all their margins, the manufacturers let their
cargoes go to sea without insurance, alleging as
an excuse that the margins were all gone any-
way, and if the lumber goes to the bottom, or
up in smoke, they will have saved their insur-
ance money in either event ; a not very consola-
tory reflection, in fact, after the cost of produc-

tion has been annihilated, which might have
been saved by insurance.

The hemlock of Maine is one of the principal
sources of timber wealth in that state. There
is a belt of this kind of timber, forty miles in
width, and running entirely across the state,
from New Brunswick to New Hampshire. The
principal profit from jhemlock is derived from
the bark, which is worth at the tanneries $6.50
acord. Thevtheaviest of these latter are situat-
ed along the European_& North American rail-
way, which, in the eastern part of the state,
traverses the hemlock belt. They are located
with especial reference to the bark supply, and
will exist as long, and no longer, as that supply
lasts. Since the building of the European &

North American Railway, and the rising of the

tanning industry along the line, there has been

a great scramble for hemlock lands, the leather
At

companies securing all that was possible.
first it was thought that hemlock was only

valuable for its bark, but ’the constantly in-
creasing consumption of lumber has given value

to hemlock timber, also, though it is not enor-
mous. or several years after the bark indus-

try arose, the stumpage of hemlock sold for

$1.25, the bark being worth $1, while twenty-
five cents was skimped out of thelog. Latterly

that figure has been considerably raised, and the
prospect is that the value of hemlock will con-

tinue to increase.

Of late years a special feature of the lumber
industry has sprung up in Maine, which con-
sists of sawing second growth timber into box
This manufacture is mostly carried on

boards.
in the winter season,*by small mills, when the

large ones are shut down.

can be afforded at a reasonable figure. This

special demand has; stimulated a special effort
to supply it, and the sawing of box boards has
become quite distinct from the general lumber
The logs are sawed up without
being squared or slabbed, and the lumber brings
in Boston from $14 to $16 per thousand. —WNorth-

manufacture.

western Lumberman.

A LUMBERMAN’S LIFE,

The Philadelphia Times says :—The post of
danger in the duties of a lumberman is on the

jams, and there the most skilful men are sent.

Pitfalls will open in the midst of a solid mass of
timber, and then close in a moment, after hay-
ing dragged a man down beyond all help ; a log

will move a few inches slowly and unnoticed,

and then with a movement like an arrow strike

a man, crushing the life out of him in an instant.
On every side dangers are lurking, and he is
fortunate that passes a spring without injury.

There is something attractive in the looks of a

log jam, and if the fascination that danger has
were taken from it, still he would rather work
there than on the shore. The long, narrow sea
of white timber, cracking and writhing with the
current, the water roaring and foaming as it
escapes from its prison under the logs, and the
logs themselves moulded into fantastic shapes
by the terrible pressure behind them, all have
an attraction for men who are impressed by
strength or picturesqueness,

Floods are made by large floating dams, and
will raise the water several feet, lifting the jam
up into the air as if it were a toy boat. IRfa
specially large flood is needed, two and some-
times three are used at a time, the flood gates of
the lower dam being opened just as the water
from the dam above reaches it. In this way an
immense “‘splash” is obtained thatlonly the
most refractory jams can successfully combat.

There are few grander sights to be seen any-
where than the moving of a large log jam. The
grand strength with which they move,
tearing out the largest trees and forcing every-
thing before them, and the fierce motion of the
logs, like the crazy shuttles of some giant
machine, and the perfection of force compel en-
thusiasm from the most phlegmatic spectator.
The wild hurrahs of the men on the logs add to
the excitement, and the observer is quite sure to
find himself running along by the side of the
moving mass cheering as if he had won a battle.
The men who are at work scarcely realize the

The demand for
box boards is very brisk from the manufacturing
towns in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and
Connecticut, and the narrow stuff which is
sawed out of small, second growth timber, is
sufficient for the purpose, and at the same time

danger, they are so carried away by the excite-
ment, and they may be seen jumping from one
log to another and cheering as though perfectly
safe on solid ground, instead of a dangerous sea
of moving logs that are continually rising and
falling and dodging this way and that, driven
by the flood of water furnished by the floating
dams. The skill shown by experienced floaters
in riding logs is wonderful, and it seems im-
possible for human dexterity to reach such per- —
fection. A jam will sometimes form where pre-
cipitous rocks make it impossible for the men
to escape on either side, and they must ride the
logs for several rods. In such places the water
is always swift, sometimes forming rapids, and
watching the logs tumbling, jumping and rolling ©
along with a deafening roar, one wonders how
men can live among them for an instant. Be-
hind the jam breakers come the sackers with
their teams, drawing the logs that jams have
forced far out on the banks and rolling in those
on the shore. ‘‘Bringing,up the rear,” is the
technical term given this work by the lumber-
men, and it is no more desirable than occupying
the same position in the army. It is terribly
cold work too, wading in the snow water, ice
freezing on the levers and on the clothing
wherever exposed fto the air, and makes the
spectators shiver to watch them. But the
hardy lumbermen do not mind it. They expect
it, and their strength is equal to the demand.

At mealtime they all come with prodigious
appetites for their rations, that are as hot as
can be eaten. Hot biscuits, potatoes, eggs,
meat, tea, coffee and everything else, solid and
liquid, are smoking like the steam from a loco-
motive, while generous draughts from the cup
that inebriates add their fuel to the general fire.
No cold victuals are current in log-floating time,
all the chill required is found in the ice water,
and something has to be taken to counteract its
influences.

The nights are spent in camps, where the
roaring fires burn all night, partially to dry the
wet clothes that must be put on in the morning.
Coming into the room where the clothes are
hung, a great cloud of steam is seen that rises
to the ceiling, where it condenses, and either
falls down in drops or evaporates on the warm
boards, and the clothes are all smoking as if en-
gaged in acontest. When the river is reached
the life changes. There are few jams to break,
less wading, and more riding in boats, and all
the work is easier and less dangerous. If the
logs stop on a rock that is out in the middle of a
river, a boatman carries some men there who
may roll them off and get into the boat again
without danger and without getting wet. There
are logs along the shore to be rolled in, but the
water is not as swift as in the runs, and in the
deep water a man can stand with comparative
safety. Everything is easier, and the day the
river is reached is almost a holiday among the
lumbermen.

Talk About Timber.

The Kingston Whig says a gentleman, whose
knowledge of the timber trade is well known,
stated that the timber trade this year had been
better than it had been for some years. He did
not think that unchartered vessels lost anything,
as they secured fully as high rates as those that
had been engaged last winter. The freights
paid fairly well, but nothing more than vessels
ought to earn ; in fact if the profits were less no
person could afford to build vessels or keep
them in repair. This winter, he thought, it
would be difficult to obtain charters, as the
owners of timber were likely to hold off until
the spring. This was owing to the fact that
last summer rates fell to lower figures than those
for which vessels had been chartered. He
thought this holding oif would be a wrong policy,
as when there was a demand for vessels the cap-
tains would be more independent. There will
really be a larger amount of timber for moving
next year than this. The method of chartering
will be the very opposite to that which was
adopted last winter. If there be good rates
for grain, vessels will prefer to carry it. Grain
freights this year were, however, far below the
average, and not nearly so good as the year
before. A 6c. freight from Toledo and a return
cargo of iron ore to Ashtabula or Cleveland
would be better than a $70 freight s~ timber
from the same port,

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN)

Ohips.

THE number of rafts that have passed through
the draw of the bridge over the Mississippi, at
Davenport, Iowa, the present season is 947.

A Poprar tree in Etowah county, Alabama,
measured twenty-five feet in,,circumference.
One in Barren county, Ky., measured thirty-
three feet.

Mazsor A. B. Watson. of Grand Rapids, has
recently bought pine lands in Louisiana which
is estimated to cut 350,000,000 feet. He has un-
loaded all his pine lands}jin Michigan, the Eagle
says.

THERE are 150,000,000 feet of Jlogs‘lin*’a solid
jam above Croton piers, Muskegon River,
Newaygo county, Mich. The drive is hung up
fortheseason. It is thought that the logs below
the Newaygo will last the mills at Muskegon
till they are shut down.

THE Privy Council has just given a decision
sustaining the ‘‘ Act respectingjuniform condi-
tions in policies of fire insurance,” passed by the
Ontario Legislature as constitutional, and de-
claring,that it does not interfere with the matter
of ‘‘trade and commerce,” ‘as allotted to the
Dominion Legislature.

Tue black walnut timber of Arkansas will
prove a mine of’wealth. In fact there is not a
more profitable crop that can be raised on
southern soil than blackj:walnut, and it is not
wide of the mark to say that the,growWing of this
valuable timber will be one of the greatest in-
dustries on the southwestern prairies at no dis-
tant day.

THE cold weather has compelled the Chau-
diere mills to close down for the season. The
cut this year, though not as large as anticipated,
was an extensive one. Thedemand throughout
the season forfsawn lumber has been good, and
prices have not been as high since 1872. Com-
paratively speaking very little stock will be
wintered here.

It is said that operations will shortly be com-
menced with a view to rendering the Lievere
River navigable between Buckingham and
High Falls, to the great advantage of the lum-
bermen and phosphate miners” in that district.
This is a much better way of spending the sur-
plus than in making paltry reductions which no-
body would feel.

A LARGE pine tree on the site of old Fort
Herkimer, New York, which had escaped the
axe of the woodman because it had given shelter
to General Washington and party, while dining
beneath its boughs, when on his way to visit
Fort Stanwix, was blow down in a gale a short
time since. It was over four feet in diameter
at the butt and over one hundred and fifty feet
in height.

Iy a report on the forests of British Colum-
bia, Prof. Dawson, of the Geological Survey of
Canada, dwells upon the importance of the fim-
ber trade of the Dominion. The Douglas fir, or
Oregon pine, is the most valuable tree he refers
to. It is often more than eight feet in diameter,
and from 200 to 300 feet high, forming dense
forests, The Western hemlock and red cedar
are next in impertance, and grow to a great
size.

Tue Nashville American learns from a re-
sponsible lumberman that there is now on hand
in that city 30,000,000 feet of sawed lumber,
which could be delivered in a day, if that were
necessary. Besides this amount, Nashville
lumber dealers own 10,000,000 feet of lumber on
the river and along the various railroads leading
into the city, making a grand total of 40,000,000
feet of lumber now in the market. A large
number of agents from the northwest are now
in Tennessee seeking timbered lands,

Tae Lumberman’s Gazette says that the mag-
nitude of the cedar business in Alpena county
may be somewhat imagined by the fact that
during the present season Bolton & McRae,
who are the largest dealers in that kind of tim-
ber, have shipped 350,000 railroad ties, and
2,00 fence posts; and besides the above,
there has been shipped large quantities of ties
and poste by Bewick, Comstock & Co,, John-
rowe & Donnelly, Morse & Dewey, Folkerts &
Mc¥hee, and others, the sum total of which
would no doubt reach 600,000 ties and 500,000 |

porte,

THE EXPORT LUMBER TRADE,

The Montreal Gazette "says the shipments of
deals from that port to the United Kingdom
during the season of 1881 just closed consisted
of 38 cargoes, containing 21,838,287 feet, against
19,781,885 feet in 1880, showing an {increase of
2,056,402 feet. The shipments of deals from
from Pierreville during the past season were five
cargoes, aggregating 2,697,562 feet. The total
shipments of deals and lumber from Montrea to
South America and the United Kingdom for
the past season gamount to 34,704,228 feet,
against 28,250,919 feet for the season of 1880
which shows an increase of 6,453,309 feet. The
following is a detailed statement of deal ship-
ments from Montreal and Pierreville to the
United Kingdom and jthe Continent for 1881,
as furnished by Messrs. Anderson, McKenzie,

& Co. :—
FROM MONTREAL,
Name of Vessel.
WAI - cooudoupuoDasoOUro- Sunn oD copADoE

1S NG) OT) CRS yp NTO DOOD ADEE OUOCUEESE 65,000
PROF E POW 2 letelerateiateralcialslsialvisis|«loisleislslain/s)e)0)s) ve 227,727
PRINCE MGW elet oi xaicicivls cium a/ele|e ve viaielsiet= 242,027
Blizabeth Mary. :..0.-ceec oe cece es 235,042
HGR, onacesooougEn og noboodoo0NES eAABO 663,300
Amal
Beaconsfield
enia
Texas
Mississippi
Texas
Fido
Dronning Low
Montreal
Virgo
Glendonwyn
Wayfafer. cee. cee cane cene savas »-+». 601,920
ROY CLOL Ger ele store) slelsinlelrce siete s¥eleinie/s\aie a lsls sivio\e 618,760
CREM UShys5 qpopenueonn ue doncoodanTOod 196,020
Moar HUG. eee ni feielsinis sieies sinsieiscnis ve 607,860
Garden Island: ..... 20. sesvecccecsescuns 762,300
SU) GoGo Un EHOAEC DEAK POD OMe OnE Dace 536,580
MD ATI PIOK = ele tsiarl fers sles sie nis) sYo\sfolela!=\otesasaisfeiel=/svel« 326,700
SUNAT 6 aoe oda DOOR BBOOHUDD BBHasOUr oe EG 21,8: 838,287 287
FROM PIERREVILLE
(EFeat) 01) 2) 1 ee Se Oe aoe oD 745,415
TGA 5 otic ag DRNODE O AEME UE EC aS Ben r erate 476,255
WOM NATIITE Serrraretetelet cies i teleteisicioisyeisi siivivleteleinieiereians 638,495
IDR seicialSelste MST OT MISISTNT Nelo Slut ce Cows 520,167
WEIS MBLEO MA Goos cqhanednorooseotoeEDo 318,230
Total..... apeleisicielelsrevmaTokaieierolsteys;riete Sclechins 2,697,562

The total shipments of deals and lumber

from Montreal were as follows in the years :—
1881. 1880.

21,838,287 19,784,885

. 12,865,941 8,566,034

34,704,228 28,2: 250,919 919

To U. K. and Continent,...
To South America. .......

FrEBLE LaAprIes.—Those languid, tiresome
sensations, causing you to be scarcely able to
be on your feet; that constant drain that is
taking from your system all its elasticity ;
driving the bloom from your cheeks ; that con-
tinual strain upon your vital forces, rendering
you irritable and fretful, can easily be removed
by the use of that marvelous remedy, Hop
Bitters. Irregularities and obstructions of your
system are relieved at once, while the special
cause of periodical pain is permanently remo-
ved. Will you heed this?—Cincinnati Satur-
day Night

THE SADDEST OF SAD SicHTS—the grey hairs
of age being brought with sorrow to the grave
is now, we are glad to think, becoming rarer
every year as the use of Cingalese Hair Re-
storer becomes more general. “By its use the
scanty locks of age once more resume their
former color, and the hair becomes thick an
luxuriant as ever ; with its aid we can now defy
the change of years, resting assured that no
Grey Hair at any rate will come to sadden us.
50 cents per bottle.

Honesty.—It is commonly said that you can-
not make an honest man believe that white is
black and vice versa, but those who have grey
hair by using the ‘‘ CINGALESE Harr RENEWER,
will find that this apparent difticuliy is easily
overcome. 50 cents per bottle.

Hacyarn’s YELLOw Oix is at the head of
the list for all purposes of a family medicine.
It is used with unprecedented success, both in-
ternally and externally. It cures sore throat,
burns, scalds, frost bites; relieves, and often
cures asthma.

Petitions to Parliament should be written in
a bold, round, open hand, for which purpose
Esterbrook’s blunt and brvad pointed pens are
the best. Address the Esterbrook Steel Pen
Co,, 26 Jobn St, New York, for samples.

Rusprct,—The Grey Hairs of old age demand
and should receive respect—but the Grey Hairs
of young people require attention—in the way
ot A Cingalese Hair Renewer, 50 cents per

9,

D. S. BRIGGS,
9 TORONTO STREET, TORONTO.

WHOLEBALE DEALER IN

Clear, Pickings, Common and Hardwood |

Lumber, Lath, Shingles, &c.
BILL STUFF CUT TO ORDER .5

J. K. POST & CO.

LUM3ER MERCHANTS
And Shipping Agents.
OSWEHGO, IN.

L12-ly

J.& FN, TENNANT

Dealers in all kinds of

Lumber, Lath & Shingles,

Office, Union Loan Building,
Toronto Street, Toronto.

L2426

S.S. MUTTON & Co.,,

Wholesale Lumber Deaiers
TORONTO.

We have for Sale a large quantity of PINE,
WHITEWOOD, ASH, CHESTNUT, CHERRY,
TERNUT, BASSWOOD, &c.

Az P.S.—A SET OF TUB MACHINERY FOR SALE,
CHEAP—OR EXCHANGE FOR LUMBER. ly16

A. L. UNDERWOOD

WHOLESALE DEALER IN
White Pine, Basswood & Hardwood,
82 King Street East,

TORONTO, ON7Z. |

UNIUN FOUNDRY

- - - Carleton,

OAK,
BUT-

Union Street,

Warerooms, Water Street,

ST. JOHN, N. B.
Allan Brothers

(Late of Harris & Allen)

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF

Steam Engines
MILL MACHINERY.

Ships Windlasses, lron Capstans

and Ships CASTINGS or all kinds.

Ships Cambooses & Cabin Stoves

COCKING AND HEATING

PORTLAND FOUNDRY.
| JOSEPH MCAFEE,

(Lave - FEE.)

Warehouse, Main St., St. John, N-B.

| AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

MANUPACTURER OF

| Cooking, Ship, P Office Stoves

MILL CASTINGS

Ship Windlasses, Capstans, and
Ship Castinzs of all kinds,

(MADE TU OLDER.)

Power Capstans, Pates‘ Ship Pumps
With Copper Chamb«
Lead Scuppers & Water Closets & all
goods in my line “or Ships’ use.
Work done to Order with Quick Despatch.

IRWIN & BOYD

Commission
Lumber Dealers,

lor &

ly L20

FORWARDERS,
ShippingsGeneralA gents
PORT HOPE.

KERR Di

PRACTICA

Founders, Machinists,
And Millwrichis.

ae

Manufacturers of Marine and Hori-
zontal and Portable

Engines, Boilers

Grain Elevators

Saw and Flour Mil! Machinery.

With Latest Improvements A SPECIALTY

Steam Hoists,

The ABEL EDWARDS CENTENNIAL

TURBINE WATER WHEEL,

RODEBAUGH’S SAW FRAME, MILL
BOGS and SAW GUIDES.

WATER WORKS, THE LATEST AND

S le OV “Hy S., MOST IMPROVED, MADE TO ORDER.

Shop, Office and Parlor Stoves, and Franklins,

LIGHT and HEAVY } BRASS and IRON

CASTINGS.
#=> Plans and Specifications on application. “eX

Agricultural Implements. |The Walkerville Foundry

BRASS CASTINGS.

Tin, Sheet Iron and Copper Ware for SHIP and
L22-ly HOUSE use,

AND

MACHINE WORKS.

Walkerville, Ont., June 1881.

-with as much vigor as at any time during the

erected observable.

_ operations were at a complete standstill, whereas
allthe yards now seem to have all the trade they
confines of the city, immediately adjoining the

~“ Baumhard & Marshall, Builders and Lumber

Co. has leased the large yard formerly kept by
this yard with pine, and also use it as a ware-

themselves of the privilege of doing so, can have
their lumber piled off the cars and obtain a ware-

10

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

ket for sale, and in many cases incur demurrage
for detention of the cars before they have been
able to dispose of their lumber.

The supply of dimension stuff for this market
is still extremely meagre, what little there is be-
ing fresh from the saw, and so few mills now being
in operation, bills of any considerable quantity
cannot be furnished at all promptly. The de-
mand for shingles at present is quite limited, as
a large number of the buildings now being erected
have flat roofs, covered with felt and gravel,
and the better class of houses are slated, Lath
is’ scarce and will likely continue so for some
time to come. The only kind of lumber that is
at all like a drug on the market is the coarse
grades of boards, but should the winter continue
to be a mild one, there will not be any overstock
of this or any other kind of lumber.

At this period of the year 1880 mill men had
a large portion of their logs banked, and should
they get favorable weather for logging purposes
immediately, the season must necessarily be a
short one; so that the outlook for good prices
for any lumber that may be placed on the mar-
ket next year is a good one, and I think that

Atlarket Aeports.

MONTREAL.
From Our Own Correspondent.
Deo. 8th.—As usual at this season of the
year the lumber trade has been very quiet, and
confined to a small local demand. After the
New Year, Americans generally come over to
try and pick up some car lots, after which we
hope to have a little more to say. Stocks of
clear lumber in the city are small, but of the
common kinds there is abundance to meet all
the requirements. People in the trade are
keeping down their stocks as much as possible
till after stock taking. They prefer doing this
and taking the chance of getting car lots as they
are required. The extra winter freights by rail,
which amount to about forty per cent. on the
North Shore Railway, have prevented some
pretty large contracts from being made. Prices
generally are firm, but as yet we cannot make
any change on our late list, which we again re-
peat :—

Pine, 1st quality, M. seen ceeeeeee 932 00@40 00 ; 5

Birtes idle nck sada UM terete atoretere Testenreaee 18 00@24 00 | when the retailer comes to foot up his profit and

eee soning el Wi tag Ch u eee Ob loss sheet for the present season, he will find it

Pine, mill culls, #@M...... sinarelere 5 00@ 6 50] on the whole satisfactory, as the number of bad

s price, Mt. Re a Ca 8 Chee ap debts made in prosperous seasons like the

Ash, run of long culls, OUG ABUML ais retest ste 16 00@18 00] present is not near so large as in years of de-
. M . 14 00@16 00

pression,

35 00@45 00

. 17 00@20 00 QUOTATIONS.
18 00@25 00 Mill cull boards and feed Bs tae OG Ac ted!)

t : .. 1 26@ 1 35
SHUTS TES HUGG UM ai coy) s/o} ciceiseisislele Ona O60 8 00@ 0 00
Shingles, 2nd, @ M.....se. ssc iiareletolets 2 00@ 0 00

Corpwoop.—The market is firm and likely to
remain so, as stocks, both of coal and wood, are

“eo «e
be “

“ “

less this year than usual, and dealers seem con- a ra > 96 tt 15 50
a a of? 0 ee «@etesee ‘ “
fident of higher prices soon, unless the North Scantling and joist, up to 28 ft....+sse-ssseeeees 16 00
Shore Railway brings in a very extra supply. a rs e oh op RAR; SM MADE» 8 3 4
All wood has been removed from the wharves, “ “ “ Bath. coh aeRO RODS
and supplies are now drawn from the railway a - a a me BAP sie ee meae ee > £ nh
depot. The weather has been so mild of late « « « 40 to 44 ft.....-+...... 80 00
that the demand has been very quiet, but to- Cutting up PIRGES to dry nie pie a olainia/e.a #/ein/oieieisib)8el 18 00
3 0)
night the thermometer is nearly at zero, and } Sound dressing stocks. . 5
there is every appearance of a cold spell, so that Picks Am. inspection... .... ,
hada + ® ‘ Three uppers, Am. inspection
more activity is looked for from this out. Our Sorte
quotations are now from the railway depot, ex | 14- inch flooring, dressed . Tica s ey atone 28 00
cartage :— 14 o LOU. Waris Goin oie acne telah ate che 14 00
Tong ian 4 M3 CYGRHEG chit ate ess -nielde wees 24 00
shor i BLE Tetaloloseinieli ate a ne RITGEORSEO oly spd yitfe one cave viele « 14 00
OnU a ak , G } 4B PERROO ANE oi ceaiges oateb er. ;
Tong: Bireh Senator cd eto “ “ undressed
s 4 ‘ F Beaded Sheeting, dressed .
| yougieepon POwadoDoaaddads olatar®) fala vivie)eiereinie seveee 6 50] Clapboarding, dressed ....... . F
tS. or 7 Sy eo 2 Ta XXX sawn shingles, #M........0- esseseseenes 8
Shock Gh VEL OO00. S330 ee XX sawn shingles........seeeee 7
or’ te eeeenes sears tee RSA WH atl Fiisyaleleaic’oleiessivieislwiuabisigiuelcnmatanigltets wletnleres 1 75
——__ —@———___..
———“-_-Y, ~O ——
TORONTO. OTTAWA,

From Our Own Correspondent,

Duo. 8th.—The last cargo of lumber for Ameri-
can markets, for the present season, has left this
place, and lumber matters have assumed a quiet
aspect. A considerable quantity is still coming
forward for the local market, and shippers can
now obtain all the cars they require ; but the
trouble now is that there is not the lumber on
hand at the mills to keep up the present supply
for any considerable length of time, and the
fine open weather of the past few weeks has
enabled building operations to be prosecuted

From Our Own Correspondent.

Lumber yards in this vicinity, and especially
at the Chaudiere, are daily being depleted on a
small but noticeable scale, for, notwithstanding
that navigation is closed, large quantities of
lumber, for the fulfillment of contracts entered
into early in the season, are being forwarded by
rail to the States, the objective point principally
being Boston. Shipping facilities are steadily
increasing, consequently proving a great boon to
the lumberman, affording them a better means

of
EXPORTING THEIR PRODUCTS.

A few days ago the St. Lawrence & Ottawa
Railway made connection with the Interprovin-
cial Railway bridge at the Chaudiere. This
will prove of great value to the general trade,
and especially for the shipment of lumber. The
proposed through route from Montreal to
Chicago, touching at this point, is also another
desirable move. The connections will be made
shortly, negotiations for which are at present
proceeding. The exact cut in this vicinity can
as yet be but partially ascertained, but sutlicient
figures can be gathered to give

AN APPROXIMATE IDRA,
Stock taking is now progressing in many yards,
and until the work is completed the total result
cannot be known. So far as learned the total
cut will be about 225,000,000 feet, considerably
less than the cut for the previous season, The
difference is accounted for by the scarcity of
logs. If circumstances had proved anyway more
favorable, there is no doubt but that operations
would be carried on to

THEIR FULLEST EXTENT,
as mostly all that can be cut finds ready sale,
orders being numerous and rates good. The
exports of lumber from this port to the United
States from January Ist to November 30th

season. ‘The clang of the bricklayer’s trowel is
still heard on every hand, and there is but little
diminution in the number of buildings being
In the early part of De-
cember of last year teams were drawing lumber
over our Bay upon the ice, and all building

ean do, and more yards are rising into existence.
A. new firm has just opened up on the western
municipality of Brockton, Their shingle reads,
Dealers,” and their reputation as business men
stands well.

Then the well known firm of John Oliver &

J. R. Sillerman. Their intention is to stock

housing premises, so that any who wish to ayail

house receipt for the same. These premises are
especially adapted for this purpose, as cars from
nearly all the railways can be run into the yard
and unloaded promptly. This will be a boon
to many persons who bring lumber to this mar-

amounted to $2,069,159, bging $87,602 more than
during the same period last year. The quantity
shipped was considerably less than last year,
but the increase in value is due to the advanced
rates obtained. Demand for shanty hands still
keeps good, while the supply is nothing like

what is desired.
WAGES

remain about the same, and an increase cannot
well be expected, as all the concerns are now
pretty well supplied. Operations on the limits
this winter are being carried on as extensively
as in past seasons, if not more so; and it is ex-
pected that all next season will be,—in the
history of lumbering operations in the Ottawa
Valley,—a repetition of the great boom of 1869-

70.
THE ELECTRIC LIGHT

is gradually coming into more extensive use by
mill owners hereabouts. Eddy’s large system
of lights work admirably ; as also does that of
Capt. Young. Its adoption by the remainder
of the lumbermen is only a question of time.
Messrs. Parley & Pattee intend to use it both
in their large mill and on their shipping docks
next season. The contract, it is said, has already

been entered into.
MISCELLANEOUS.

The Quebee Lumber Co. has given notice of
an application to Parliament for an Act of in-
corporation,

Messrs. McLaughlin Bros.’ new steam mill
at Arnprior has been tested and works to a
charm, 200,000 feet were cut from 6 o’clock a,
m. to 5 o’clock p.m. on the day of trial.

ALS
LONDON, ONT.
From Our Own Correspondent,

Dec. 10.—If it were not that Christmas is
made evident by the display of prize beef and
highly decorated Christmas birds, it would be
almost possible to imagine ourselves in, the
midst of spring in this city. The season has
been remarkably open, exeept a day now
and again when we had a taste of winter, but
the snow falls have been few and light.

The opinion expressed-in my last letter that
lumber would be higher in this market ere this
letter appeared has not been verified. There
seems to have been a back action at work, or
the open season has effected the demand, for
though it has not fallen off to any marked ex-
tent, prices are inclined downwards, and I be-
lieve some merchants have been selling at lower
figures for cash, but booked accounts are charged
full rates. The general tendency, however, at
this date of writing, is easier, and there may be
a lower list to record in my next, unless some
thing not now in view turns up to stimulate the
market.

The lumber contract for the new block of
wholesale stores has not yet been placed, to my
knowledge. The foot lights of the Helman
Opera House have been finally extinguished,
and the work of demolition will go on at once.

There continue to be complaints of want of
proper car supply on the G.W-R. This matter
should be remedied.

QUOTATIONS.
Mill cull boards and scantling, ..... 4... 6. cee ee ee $10 00

Shipping eull bos ards, promiscuous widths. ..... 11 00
10 and 12in, stoeks......- 11 50
Common boards, promiscuous widths, ,..... -. 18 00
Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft. 14 00
= Nh Fee ee oe 14 50
rg sia -; PO RG oh wines t's nuke = © Si 15 50
LY X BS BO Tiss oven ens wets 0d ore 16 50
s wh ss Ty eee ee ee: 1s 00
Common stocks ....- akan ten SR EE Oe 14 00
Common 2 in, plank.....-...+
Cutting up plank and boards:*>-
Sound dressing stocks... ..ceee sc ceee ence ence 17 00
Clear and picKs «2... ce. e ee eee eee teens 81 00
Three uppers, Am. inspection........... Seeeeces 35 00
3 inch dressed and matched flooring BAAS 20 00
} sg SM ie AR. ISS 20 00
ASS hy = Dried Se 8 eS 20 00
XXX sawn shingles, BM. .....sessee eevee chat a wo
Lath per 1000 feet. ...... cece ee ee cee ee eee cree eee 400
—$_ _—_—_

ST. JOHN, N. B.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Dec, 7th.—Since our last report the river has
frozen over, closing the internal navigation for
the season, which narrows down our lumber
operations in the way of shipments to compara-
tively small dimensions.

DEALS,

Ow: only source of deal supply is now from
the few city mills which have logs to cut, and as
those are stocked only to a very limited extent,
the termination of the season’s manufacture of
deals is not distant. Our largest shipper, Mr ¢

A. Gibson, is reported to have recently bought
up all the deals for sale in this market (some
7,000,000 sup. ft.) at $11 per M., so that the
entire stock here is now in the hands of
shippers.

FREIGHTS, “a
The freight market is very quiet. Very little —
tonnage has been offering of late, and rates
have improved. The following charters are
among the latest transactions reported :—Rialto,
1,530 tons, at 58s. 9d., and Magdala, 278 tons,
at 60s., both for Liverpool ; Abram Young, 756,
for Cuba, at 21c., for sugar box shooks. .
SHIPMENTS.
The shipments of deals and other sawn lumber
are as follows :—

For Enrope wvooccscebecepesensccer 757,00 Sap aa
“ United States.. be
‘* West Indies...... *oum
** South America ...... Pe 572,000 =

SHIPPING,
The following is a list of the vessels in port,
with their tonnage and destinations :—
Bertie Biglow, 1,142, Liverpool.
Andrew Johnson, 2,005, Liverpool.
Annie Stafford, 1,200, London.
Abram Young, 756, Cuba.
Atlantic, 412, Liverpool, Fleetwood or Barrow.
Thalassa, 228, ——
Frank Stafford, 1,169, Liverpool.
Emily Lowther, 762, Fleetwood.
Rialto, 1,530, Liverpool.
Arbela, ——, London.
Henry, 1,095, Liverpool.
Magdala, 278, Liverpool,
Etta Stewart,"787, discharging.
——__>_—_——-
ALBANY.
Dec, 7th.—Quotations at the yards are as fol-

lows :—

Pine, clear, @ M.....-...-<» PT
Pine, fourths. .........-.+ss onsnenhe hanes
Pine, selects... ....0sesc.eevdsese PTY
Pine, good box. ..=¢:<seeredmes sagen on 1h
Pine, 10-in. plank, each..
Pine, 10-in. plank, sprang ic eo: va, Ware ke
Pine boards, 10-in. ......
Pine, 10-in. boards, culls.. open UR eee
Pine, 10-in.
Pine, 12-in. boards,
Pine, 12-in. boards, 13 ft.
Pine, 1} in. siding, select.
Pine, 1}4-in. siding, commo:
Pine, 1-in. siding, select........-+++...
Pine, inch siding; common.... ...... nae
Spruce,

Spruce, eee ‘ibin., COCR. oan= ns
Spruce, plank, 2-in., yn Weaeegee en
Spruce, wall strips, each pe Signi oo nsixieas
Hemlock, boards, each -
Hemlock, joist, 4x6, each, one See we owhiaae
Hemlock, joist, 24x4, each ....-.+++++«--
Hemlock, wall strips, 2x4, each..........
Ash, good, @ M 2s, tuee ouvés cede owads
Ash, second quality, @ M............ eee
Cherry, good, #?_M
Cherry, common, #@ M... «-
Oak, » Rood, R

00G@E3
00@S58 00

eee wees

Hickory, # M

Maple, Canada, # M.

Maple, American, per

Chestnut, ® M..........+

Shingles, "shav ed, pine, # eek.

2nd quality boats eT

“« extra, sawed, pine..

we clear,

at cedar, aan

“cedar, XXX

ct“ themlock. ...0+ s5scus susan erry
Lath, hemlock, ® M.. J

Lath, spruce,

Lath, pine, nt

F Laios c's axboudiia veel ob auncaatubehantikn ius
SABRSSYSESSSSSSSSSSSSSSUELKSSSSSSSSSSSSUESS

pebbbebrettiT titi Litt

OSWEGO, N.Y.

Dero. 5th.—Market for dry uppers and pick-
ings is very fair. The demand is good for all
kinds of lumber fit for sale. The assortment is
very fair. The receipts are falling off, and the
season may be considered about closed.

Receipts for 1881.........+++++-.- - 167,000,000

eS SC 1880... este esse ee on Ae
The following are the quotations :—
Three uppers. ........+ saceeseseseneccsssQh2 O0@M5 00
Picking... .....s000<ss Se 32 0O0@S5 00
Fine, common ..........- <Sne ince 20 00@25 00
Common... 2... .sesdeeee er 14 00@16 00
[| PRR aden = eens neem 11 00@13 00
Mill ran lots. ..........: cnatvunee 17 OO@2Z 00
ae , Selected, Linch... .as scene 30 00@37 00
inch... .....:teceoReneee .+. 34 00@38 00
Mint i, 1x10, 18 to 16 lead <axenes 16 00@21 00
selected... Js bees oe ag wvcescveseecas 20 00@25 0D
UPPSKS sc sqd yes asses eseceecenes 16 O@17 00
Strips, Land SP aape get TUN... .0e.00.2+ 14 WEIS
Ss ive Sele Gs awidie Sew .. 23 00@S2 00
Galle <a ndfeckesk. onc sied . 10 W@IS 00
1x6 aciocked for serait . 25 00@S5 00
Shingles, XXX, 1s inch, _— 3 S@ 3 9
2 We $ 00
XXX, 18 inch, coda 3 00@ 3 30
XX, 2 Be 250
Taathi ccaus cksccc:heusstess eet.» | See
——__>————__
TONAWANDA,

CARGO LOTS—SAGINAW INSPECTION.

Three uppers... eee. cceeeee eens teen nes wee
Common. Sees SERRA CREEKS TAS - 17 H@20 00
Cubs, oo. oes eeneeeee ene ees seen ee ees . 11 0@12 5.

eae eeneeee

CHICAGO. Z
Dec. 7th.—The following are the

CARGO QUOTATIONS.

Joistand scantling, green, ordinary lengths$12 00@12 25
Joist and scantling, green, 20 feet andover 14 00@16 25

Mill rum, choice greeM.....scsecccnescssss 19 00@23 00
Mill run, medium, green............00+. 16 00@19 25
Mil—run, common, ‘“ . ...... © SOOO: 00 00@14 OU
Shingles, standard............+ Mirai Coico 2 76@ 2 80
Ramoles extra Acacicet ceaitvcsen osc 2 80@ 2 90
URL BYD aya, n)cletes otareisteletaiete arte teiataieh ateah »/a) 1 etetet™) +e. 2124@ 2 25
—_—_—_o—__ ——-
BUFFALO.
We quote cargo lots :—
SSS nounaeemcunopdonspamacadoc Duveeee $40 00@45 00
DUN SPECSREENTIN BS forers = /o\n nie ainiiskeledveiatersesia, =.a°% << 17 50@20 00
OE a eORRADORRBORDS |. cAbOCdunE canna 11 50@12 50

THE ADVANTAGES OF MECHANICAL
DRAWING.

To the Editor of the Canada Lwmberman.

Sir,—Much that is taught in our schools and
colleges is primarily with a view to mental
training or mental discipline. Such is the case
with a great part of an ordinary mathematical
course or a course in the ancient classics. It is
generally admitted that such studies have little
or no practical bearing on any of the ordinary
pursuits of life. Drawing of any kind, but
particularly mechanical drawing, if viewed sim-
ply as a means of mental discipline should rank
high. It incites to the habit of correct observa-
tion, gives exercise and strength to the powers
of reason and reflection, matures the judgment,
cultivates the taste, trains the eye, and makes
the hand dexterous. A turn at good muscular
exercise is about all that is wanting for the cul-
tivation of the whole man. This is a good
showing on the score of general training. But
besides this by far its greatest value lies in the
practical advantages it offers. It is a prime
necessity in nearly all of the departments of art
and manufacture. The economical construction
of our modern high class work requires a care-
fully designed prearranged plan, which is usual-
_ ly embodied in the form of a drawing generally
made to a scale—shewing the thing as a whole,
with the several parts in their true position and
proper relation ; other drawings of portions and
sectional views are also added as required. This
is building up the thing on paper and has near-
ly all the advantages of genuine trial construc-
tion. The efficient draughtsmen then must
understand the builder’s art, and it follows,that
to properly teach mechanical drawing is not
alone to show how neat lines of geometric
forms may be made on paper, but also to teach
the principles of the science pertaining to some
particular mechanical trade. And the work-
man, who learns, implants upon the basis of his
already acquired manual skill a knowledge of
the mechanical principles involved in the work
he performs. Consequently ambitious, progres-
sive young men, who have a very natural desire
to master the theory as well as the practice of
their trade, take up this study and art, for it is
really both ; not always with a view of becom-
ing expert draughtsmen and following it as a
life pursuit, but for the purpose of becoming
better masters of their own situation. They
know then not only what they are doing but
why they do it. If a new drawing is placed be-
fore them to work by, they feel an acquaint-
anceship with that sort of thing, they not only
see it but they see through it. They can begin
the work at once and begin right, while to
many engaged in the trades an average mechan-
ical drawing is about as puzzling as a mass of
Egyptian hieroglyphics.

Every man’s work should contribute to his
pleasure. Life at its best is dull enough, but it
must be dreadfully dull to the man who for
fully two thirds of his working hours has no
greater interest in what he does than the pit-
tance it gives him for daily support. He is un-
der the curse of Adam to its full extent. I am
aware that the employment of many is of such
a nature that there is nothing in it to interest
them. Their work is orle perpetual treadmill—
an endless routine soon learned and never to be
forgotten.

This is all very well when the ability of the
employee is just about equal to the situation,
and he adds to it the grace of contentment.
He needs no lessons in drawing. Such I think
are wrnewhat excusable if with the monotonous
web of their daily work a little diversion is in-
terlaid. Active minds in such positions chafe and
worry and. soon leave them for others where

there is scope for manual skill and mental effort
Such a man then enjoys his labor. It is to him
a subject of study, andof course a matter of in-
terest. He learns drawing to assist him in its pro-
secution, also for the pleasure of knowing the
beautiful art.

A good knowledge of drawing is equal to 9
large amount of experience. Though experience
is most always valuable yet it is often overesti-
mated. Experience in doing work after clumsy
old fashioned methods is a positive disadvantage,
and experience even in some good methods often
works aman into a rut and keeps him there.
Experience is valuable when used as part of our
stock of information on which we draw and
apply to the matter in hand as each particular
case may require,

The ability to do this—to turn things to ac-
count ,to make the most of a given set of cireum-
stances, depends most largely upon study, and
the kind of study should be that which pertains
to our own pursuit. Then with the knowledge
of drawing we are enabled to readily give
tangible form to our ideas. We express them
in a universal language. Mechanics of every
nation can read, understand and work by them.

Such, Mr. Editor, are some of the advantages
obtainable from a study and practice of this in-

teresting subject.
Yours, &e.,

W. H. TROUT.

The Australiam Trade.

Messrs. Gemmell, Tuckett & Co.’s monthly
report, dated Melbourne, Sept. 27th, states that
the amount of business carried through at auc-
tion has been far in excess of the average, but
prices for some lines have receded.

AmeERIcAN LuMBER.—The shipment ex Haze
was placed at auction, realizing for white pine
shelving £13 5s. ; w. p. t. and g. ceiling, £11 2s.
6d. ; clear pine, £18 7s. 6d. to £18 per M. super ;
the trade holding light stocks.

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.

Emory’s Bar to Port Moody.
NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS.

Tender for Work in British Columbia.

Seat TENDERS will be received by the under-
signed up to NOON on WEDNESDAY, the ist
day of FEBRUARY next, in a lump sum, for the
construction of that portion of the road between Port
Moody and the West-end of Contract 60, near Emory’s
Bar, a distance of about 85 miles. j

Specifications, conditions of contract and forms of
tender may be obtained on application at the Canadian
Pacific Railway Office, in New Westminister, and at
the Chief Engineer’s Office at Ottawa, after 1st Janu-
ary next, at which time plans and profiles will be open
for inspection at the latter office.

This timely notice is given with a view to giving
Contractors an opportunity of visiting and examining
the grounds during the fin> season and before tho
winter sets in.

Mr. Marcus Smith, who is in charge at the office at
New Westminister, is instructed to give Contractors
all the information in his power.

No tender will be entertained unless on one of the
printed forms, addressed to F. Braun, Esq., See. Dept.
of Railways and Canals, and maiked ‘‘Tender for
Cc. P. BR.”

F. BRAUN,
Dept. of Railways and Canals, i Secretary.
Ottawa, Oct. 24th, 18381.
1

LEATHED
BELT!

Chipman, Renaud & Co.

MANUFACTURERS OF

LEATHER BELTING,

PIRE ENGINE HOSE

LACH LEATHER, &c.
124 & 126 Queen St, 125-ly

MEO INT ERE AT

THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

ayy yh
f i
mE Mi!

Provost Street Extension, New Glasgow, Pictou County, N. S.

SPRUCE, PINE? HEMLOCK SHINGLES

aM, gee. AD ast/Naral

L22-ly

N. H. DRAXE.

John McGregor & Sons,

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF

STATIONARY,
MARINE, and
LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS,
And SHEET IRON WORK.

ce
:

Portable Boilers for Threshing Machines, Shingle

Mills, ete., furnished on short notice. All Roilers
tested by cold water pressure to 150 Ibs. to the square
inch before leaying the shop,

SECOND-HAND MACHINERY

BOUGHT, SOLD, OR TAKEN IN EXCHANGE FOR
NEW. WORK,

Bes Repairs Promptly Attended to.

188 Atwater Street, Detroit, Mich.

BRANCH SHOP,
Cor. Glengarry Ave. & Stuart St.
WINDSOR, ONTARIO,

=

“XMAS PRESENTS !

F. CRUMP TOR,

“The Jeweller,”
83 King St. East, Toronto

WATCHES,
DIAMONDS,
JEWELRY,
SILVERWARE,
CLOCKS, Ete.,
Suitable for “Xmas Fresenis,
By 42 PRICES WILL bE FOUND
elu % CHEAPER ‘THAN LOLS ES

> WHO ADVERTISE
LARGE DiscOUNTS.

TRY HiM!

Goods sent by mail or
express. beticct satis-
facticr: puamntecd.

Nid

'

}
t
ah
it ta
t

12 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

ABRAMS & KERR

MANUFACTURERS OF

Steam Engines, Mill Gearing, Rotary Mills, Shafting,
Planers, Hangers, Pulleys, Variety Moulders.

SPECIAL MACHINERY MADE TO ORDER

Latest Improved Spool and Bobbin Machinery.
Every Variety of Heavy and Light Casting.

124-ly

Foundry and Machine Shop on City Road,
ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

ROBIN &
SADLER

Janufacturers

ay Mill Supplies, &c.

( ly-L18

ational Manufacturing Company

202 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA.

of

.

G@uufacturers of Tents for Lumbermen, Sportsmen, Camp Meetings, Photographers, Lawn and
itary Encampments, with or without extra roofs, all sizes and styles, white or fancy striped,
Idew proof or plain. Prices from $5, upwards. Flags of all descriptions, (regulation sizes)
Oren ©UR Re IP

per _— ss p

made of the best of silk-finish bunting. CAM
Ae re ae pe ge

— SS

t

B..G\
BEDS (Bradley’s Patent) the best bed ever invent-
5 ed; size when folded 2x 6 in.; 8 feet long, weighing
{ only ll pounds, but strong enough to bear the
y “= weight of any man, Waterproof wagon and horse-
me covers, tarpaulins sheets, coats and leggings of
every description made to order on the premises.
9X Special rates to Lumbermen, Send for cata-

logue and price list to

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING CO.,

t, 202 Sparks Street, Ottawa

D. McLACHLAN & SONS,

Manufacturers of all Descriptions of

STHAM BOTLLERS.

SHIPS’

NORTH SLIP, ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

OAK HALL

Nos. 115, 117, 119, 121, King St. East, Toronto.

We are the most Extensive CLOTHIERS in Canada.

We carry a STOCK of FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS to choose from.

We watch the interest of our Customers. Our stock is FULL of the
very best goods in Scotch, English and Canadian Tweeds.

We BUY and SELL for Cash, therefore it enables us to do business
on very SMALL PROFITS.

NOTE THE PRICES.
We give a Good Tweed Suit for..........$6 00
We give a Good Tweed Pants for.......-. 150
We give a Good Overalls for .......-...... 0 35

LUMBERMEN!

When you visit Toronto, come direct to OAK HALL, and fit yourselves out with a
Good Suit. Remember the address:—OAK ‘HALL, the Great One Price Clothing
lytl3

WATER-TANKS. Repairing Punctually Attended to.

ly-1.20

House, Toronto, opposite St. Jame’s Cathedral.

Wrought lron Shanty Cook Stoves

The Best Article ever offered to the Trade.

I have much pleasure in drawing attention tomy WROUGHT IRON COOKING STOVE,
for Shanty, Hotel and Boarding House use. These Stoves are made of Heavy Sheet
Iron, the top and lining of the fire-box being of Heauy Cast Metal and all the connecting
parts of substantial Wrought Iron Work. The dimensions of these Stoves are as follows :—

SINGLE OVEN STOVE

Top surface contains six 10-inch holes, with ample room between, and one oven 16 x 24 x 26.

DOUBLE OVEN STOVE

The Double Oven has a top surface containing twelve 10-inch pot holes, with twolovens, each 16
x 24x 26. One fire-box of suitable size for area to be heated. Below will be found Testimonials
from some of the leading Lumbermen, who have used my Wrought Iron Cook Stoves since I
commenced manufacturing them. They are the names of gentlemen who are well Known and
reliable, and will carry more weight than any recommendation of my own could do.

The Best Stove I have ever Used.
PETERBOROUGH, May 3], 1880.

ApaM HALL, Esq., Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove in our lumber-
ing operations since its introduction here, and have no hesitation in saying that I prefer it to any other. For
durability, economy and efficiency, where a large number of men are employed, it is the best stove I have ever
used. You can, with confidence, offer it to hotels, boarding houses and lumbermen.

Yours truly, THOS. GEO. HAZLITT.

The Stove for Lumbermen,
PETERBOROUGH, June Ist, 1880.

Apam HALL, Esq., Peterborough. My Dear Sir,—We have used your Wrought Iron Cooking Stove and find
it is very satisfactory for lumber operations, especially so on drives, We can recommend it highly.
Yours truly, IRWIN & BOYD,
Gives the Greatest Satisfaction.
PRTERBOROUGH, June Srd, 1880.

.. A. Hatt, Peterborough. Dear Sir,—I have had the Wrought Iron Cook Stove, purchased from you, in con-
stant use ever since last fall, and it gives the greatest satisfaction in every respect. I can recommend them
highly to any one who is in the lumber business. Very truly yours, GEO. HILLIARD, M.P-.

EVERY STOVE GUARANTEED

All the necessary TINWARE and CUTLERY for
Shanties suppied at the Lowest Prices.

ADAM HALL, Peterborough.

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13

HART EMERY WHEEL COMPANY, Limited

eae Dean, CAN ADA

GILBERT HART, Detroit, JAMES T. BARNARD, Hamilton, SAMUEL BRIGGS, Hamilton,

President. Secretary-Treasurer. Superintendent.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

SO 23S Ge = Oo Go G

EMERY and CORUNDUM WHEELS

, And Specially Adapted

For Saw Gumming

These Wheels are
Wire Strengthened

Neither Animal nor Vegetable Glue or Gum being used in their composition, they are NOT LIABLE
TO HEAT, and give out no Odors, while

They Surpass All Other Wheels for Free Cutting and Durability.

We refer to the following well known Saw Manufacturers for Opinions as to the Quality of our Wheels :

Messrs. SHURLEY & DIETRICH, JAMES ROBERTSON, ESQ.,
GALT. MONTREAL.
Messrs. R. H. SMITH & CO.,, Messrs. JAMES ROBERTSON & CO.,
ST. CATHERINES. TORONTO.

WE ALSO REFER TO

WILLIAM HAMILTON, ESQ, ‘Messrs. H. B. RATHBUN & SON,
PETERBOROUGH, DESERONTO,
Manufacturer of the Covell Saw Sharpeners. Lumber Merchants.

lytl

14 THE CANADA

LUMBERMAN.

Northey s Steam Pump Works

BOILER FEED PUMPS, MINING PUMPS,
AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS, |PUMPS SPECIALLY ADAPTED for
STEAM FIRE PUMPS, and OL PIPE LINES,
WRECKING PUMPS. | And CITY WATER WORKS.
No. 47 King William Street.

HAMILTON, ONTARIO.

SHND FOR CIRCULAR. LI7-ly

MILT SUPPLIES.

Extra Stretched and Patent Smooth Surface

| RUBBER BELTING—in Stock, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Flies.
: HOYT’S CELEBRATED LEATHER BELTING.
COTION BELTING, for Flour Mills. &c., Superior Quality.

BDISSTON’S CELEBRATED NILL SAWS.

1 Steam Packing of all kinds, Rubber and Linen Hose, Silk Bolting Cloth, Emery
Wheels, Lacing Leather (Page’s Genuine), Lard, Seal, Cylinder, Spindle, West Vir-
ginia and Wool Oils, Our Steck includes Mill Supplies and Rubber Goods of all

kinds. @& Quotations furnished for any part of Canada. 21

ESTEY, ALLWOOD & CO., SAINT JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK.

HESTABLISHHD 1826

FOU IN DRY!
GEORGE BRUSH

| 14 to 34 King and Que Streets, MONTREAL,
Steam Hngines, Steam Boilers, Hoisting Hngines, Steam Pumps,

CIRCULAR SAW MILLS, BARK MILLS, SHINGLE MILLS,

Ore Crushers, Mill Gearing, Shafting, Hangers and Pullies, Hand and
Power Hoists for Wareteacan &e., &e.,

AND AGENT FOR

\

|
|
|
|

L25-ly

Meer Perfect Steam Engine Governor, and ‘‘Herald & Sisco’s’’ Centrifugal Pumps

The Crowning Triumph of the Bell Organ

The Bell Organs have just received the HIGHHE ST AWARD and SPECIAL PRIZE (Gold Medal)
vat the Internation: al Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, this year for their Organs over all the English
| and American makers. This, along with the unlimited awards, prove that

THE BELL ORGANS LEAD THE WORLD.

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Geli eh el oP ig ip
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CaaS UNIAN so 6
a3 3 SARE SEED BB 6
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\ The Bell Organ Manufactory is the Largest and Oldest in the British Empire, and the fact that
ve have sold nearly 15,000 proves that they are the best inthe market. We GUARANTEE ALL

JUR ORGANS for five years Correspondence invited. Illustrated Catologue mailed free.

"WV. epee ala) Oa

41 to 47 East Market Suqare, GUELPH, Ont

PARKER& EVANS

SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE

FA MOUS INTERNATIONAL

BOILER FLUID COMPOUND.

Patented 5th March, 1877.

This Compound will save its Cost many times in one year by saving fuel.

It eradicates scale, and when the Boiler is once Clean a very small quantity
keeps it Clean and Free from all Incrustation.

It is perfectly harmless to Iron, and emits a clear pure Steam.

In ordering, mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN. L24ly

504 St. Paul Street, MONTREAL.

ESTABLISHED 1874, ESTABLISHED 1874.

Norman's Electro Curative Appliances

RELIEVE AND CURE

Spinal Complaints, General and NERVOUS DEBILITY, Rheumatism,
Gout, Nervousness, Liver, Kidney, Lung, Throat and Chest Complaints,
Neuralgia, Bronchitis, Incipient Paralysis, Asthma, Sciatica, Sprains,
Consumption, Sleeplessness, Colds, Indigestion.

Ask for Norman’s lectric Belts and you will be safe against imposition, for they will do their
work well and are cheap at any price.

A. NORMAN, Exsa., WartTERVILLE, N. B.
Dear Sir,— PJease send me a waist belt. Enclosed find price. Head band I got for my wife
has almost cured her of neuralgia. Yours truly, Cc. L. TILLEY.

Numerous of such testimonials can be seen at my office, proving that they are doing a good work and worthy
the attention ofall sufferers. Circulars free. No charge for consultation.

A. NORMAN, 4, Queen Street East, Toronto.

N.E8.— Trusses for Rupture, best in America, and Electric Batteries always on nee at

LU BERMEN

Will always find a Large Stock of

Shanty Blankets

HORSE BLANKETS

At LOWEST Mill Price, at

DONALD & GOS

TO R:-O Nae

@a8"Send Sample Order for our LINED SHAPED

HORSE RUG, a Specialty, highly recommended for

Wear and Warmth,

6L22

2
z

THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, 15

WILLIAM CAMPBELL Flour Making wy New Pr rocess

(Late CAMPBELL & FOWLER.)

MANUFACTURER OF

Hdge Tools, Axles, Spring's, GRAYS PATENT

&C., OF BVERY DESCRIPTION.
Robertson Place, Smythe Street - ST. JOHN, N.B. Ni SELESS RULER MILL,

The Best Axes in the World! 7 avoacr of Perfection !

eine, Double and Triple Steel. E very MM, all a S206 CSS /

SC... WETMORE

—— Cas ChAMBERS ST NEW YORK_)
=

Smooth Iron or Porcelain ROLLS.

Warranted Good or Exchanged.

Also Dunn Edge Tool Company’s and best Canadian Axes, repacked any weights
without extra charge. Lindsay Pattern of Broad and Blocking Axes. LANCE
TOOTH SAWS, warranted good. Timber Lines and Chalk. Stable Shovels, Forks
and Brooms. 2d CUT FILES. Heavy HAMES, BUCKLES and HARNESS TRIM-
MINGS, Curry Combs and Horse Brushes. Sleigh Shoe Steel from { to 3 inches
wide. Best proved Coil Chain from } to 3 inches. Blacksmith’s Bellows, Anvils,
Vises, Drills, Horse Nails and Shoes. A large Stock of Iron and Cast Steel.
72 Winchester, Sharp’s and Ballard Rifles and Cartridges.

GHORGH STETHEM, Peterborough, Ont.

Importer, Jobber and Retail Dealer in Hardware. 12017

‘SOIVIG POU OND JO SHOT
DALUUDSOIOY OUD []V Aq POSD OAV ST Ad]TOY"osoqy.<oe

CORRUGATIONS of all Descriptions.

The Machine is Perfect in all its adjustments, and RUNS
WITHOUT NOISE.

It is doing Better Work than any other Machine in use.

Automatic Lubrication of Principal Bearings.

Driven entirely by BELTS.

Differential Speed always insured.

Will soon pay

ww

WEYMAN’S NEW ene PATENT

g 60 on Brooke Bitt on 6
,000 feet with two sets of Bitts,

SS eavaien (eT OanSE

TRIMMERS and REFUSE CARRIBRS.

BROWN’S PATENT SPALT MACHINE

» 800 revolutions per minute on 10 to 15

mprior, runnin

ior, as to how they like 2-66 inch Brooke
tut 500

The BEST ROLL FOR MIDDLINGS in the world. Over 6000
in-use in this country and Europe. Send for particulars.

MILLER BROS. & MITCHELL,

Nos. 110, 112, 114 and 116 KING STREET

MONTREAL.
SOLE LICENSEES FOR DOMINION.

Shingles out of slabs and all manner of refuse.

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E. Parson’s,

P@RTABLE SAW MILLS OUR SPECIALTY.

With Interchangeable Trenton Teeth.
I ORDER BY THIS GAUGE. “BX
§, WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO., Brantford, Canada.

Also, E.
—800 revolntions per minute ;

Write McLachlan Bros., Arn
Bitt, and 2-66 inch Hoe Saws—

feed
costing less than $10,00.

THE BROOKE BITT SAW, &
THE HOE BIT SAW.
FLANGE TOOTH SAWS.

inch feed.

FOR SAWDUST CARRIERS, LIVE ROLLS,

[Mill Machinery.

Manufacturers of Improved Hoisting Machinery, MINING
and CONTRACTORS’ PLANT. Importers of BEST STEEL

WIRE ROPE. Mention this Paper. L24-ly

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EWART’S PATENT

Cuts three perfect Shingles out of inch board.

Addre

16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.

EMERY WHEELS FOR SAW GUMMING!

Solid Eraery Wheels are now almost it) ubivers:| use for the purpose of gulletting and gumming saws. Stalisties show from
25,000 to 30,000 saw-mills in the United States. Many of these run only asingle saw each. A one-saw mill would use one or two
wheels a year, costing $3 to $4 each, and when such small mills order single Emery Wheels from the factory, the express charges
often equal the cost of the wheel. There wasa time when the quality of Emery Wheels was so uncertain, and the demand so
fickle, that storekeepers could not afford to carry them in stock. Now, however, Saw Gumming Wheels have become as staple
an article as Files, and every dealer in saws, Hardware and Mill Supplies can afford to carry a few dozen standard sizes in stock,
Large dealers order stocks of $500 to $750 worth ata time. Saw Gumming Wheels are used with the edge (or face) square, round
or beveled. Probably seven-eigths of all in use are beveled.

Tne principal sizes are:

12x
ge 10x} 12x
er # in.’ hole. ie f # in. hole. rs 24 pa ee
8x 10x 12x

12x,

Probably more wheels 12x}, 12x} and 12x} are used than all the other sizes together. Saw Gumming Wheels are used,
however, of all sizes up to 24x14. The most frequent complaint is that Emery Wheels harden the saw so that a file won’t touch it.
The answer is that you don’t want a file to touch it. An expert workman will shape and sharpen the teeth with an Emery Wheel,
leaving the teeth case hardened, in which condition the saw will cut about 33} per cent. more lumber than a soft saw will. Those
who want to use the file, however, have only to touch the saw lightly a second time (after going all over it once), and this second
touch will cut through the case-hardened scale.

A QUBSTLION OF OVS |

Thirteen years of experience as makers of, dealers in, and actual users of Emery Wheels, have led us to a decided opinion as to what quality is the best. We prefer for almost every use an
‘‘Extra Sofi” wheel like the ‘* Pocono.” We believe that money lost through the rapid wear of the wheel is more than made up by the money saved On wages. As we cannot get every one to
adopt our views, we make several qualities, so as to meet their views. We say to those who think they can only be satisfied with some other make of wheels (not Tanite), that we can furnish
qualities ¢o match any and every other make. If you have got used to some special quality of wheel, let us know what it is, and we can send you a Tanile Wheel of similar quality. Our regular
classificatio: of Saw Gumming Wheels is as follows: :

CLASS 2. MEDIUM—HARD.—This Wheel is THE STANDARD Saw Gumming Wheel all over the world. Probably seven-eighths of all the Saw Gumming Whe cis used are “Class 2.
It outs fast iid keeps its shape well. Some think it too hard, some too soft. We prefer the ‘* Pocono.”
CL..3S 3. MEDIUM—SOFT.— The same as to coarseness and fineness as ‘‘ Class 2,” but a softer, and therefor freer cutting wheel.

CLASS ‘‘POCONO.” EXTRA SOFT.—This Wheel we prefer to all others. It is both jiner in grain and softer than either of the above. As a Saw Gummting Wheel, Class “ Pocono” is
specially suited to th se practical and experienced Sawyers who know how to grind with a light touch, and who wanta free cutting wheel that will not create much heat.

IMustrated Circulars and Catalogue, showing Cuts of Saw Gamming Machines, and Shapes, Sizes and Prices of Wheels, sent free on application. Pa
, L

The Tanite Co, Stroudsburg, Monroe Co, Pennsylvania

CANADIAN TRADE SPECIALLY SOLICITED.

M. Covel's Latest Improved Automatic Saw Sharpener!

Is the Most Perfect Machine that has ever been Introduced into Mills for that purpose.

CIRCULAR SAW S98 -Dn, MILL MACHINERY!
STEAM FEED] _&fiegal J

I would also call special attention to my

Heavy Circular Saw Mills

and for STEAM MILLS, would recommend the Steam il
Feed, having put inseveral which are givin’ the best of sat- 7 ll Hi
isfaction, as will be seen by the following testimonials :— ey

\ }

Iam also manufacturing Saw Mill Machinery, for al!
sizes of Gang or Circular Mills, Span or Double Circulars
for Slabbing Small Logs. My Patent Jack Chain for draw-
ing logs into Saw Mills, acknowledged by all to be the
Cheapest and best ever got up; also, my Patent Lumber
Markers, different sizes of Edgers, Gang Lath Mills, Trim-
mers, Power Gummers, and all Machinery used in a first
class Gang or Circular Saw Mill; also, small Hand Gum-
mers for use in the woods, for Cross-cut Saws. Rotary
Pumps of different sizes, for Fire Protection in Mills, &c.

Horizontal Engines and Boilers

GRAVENHURST, August 20th, 1880,
WM. HAMILTON, Ksq, Peterborough.

DEAR SIR—I have used your Steam ‘eed for near four
months, and it has given me perfect satisfaction in every
way; it isadmitted by every person who has seen it work
to be the best feed ever invented. Since I put it into my
mill, 1 have not lost ten minutes time fixing anything be-
longing toit. I can cut 18 boards 13 ft. long in one minute.
It can do much smoother and better work than the pinion
feed. It is easily governed and reverses the carriages in-
stantly. I am thoroughly satisfied with it and can recom-
mend it to any person who has a Circular Saw Mill for
eutting long or short logs. I consider I have cut more
lumber than will pay for the Steam Feed since I got it 5 ae = = : ik = i
than I would have cut had I not put it in. — : : | , Where economy of fuel is the great consideration, along

Yours respectfully, = with uniformity of speed, such as is required in Grist and
WILLIAM TAIT, Flouring Mills, Woollen and Cotton Factories, or large
i Lumberman, Gravenhurst. Factories of any kind, I supply the Corliss Engine. I feel
~————"__ justified in saying that our Style, Workmanship and Finish
on this Engine wiil be no discredit to its renown, and cer-
tainly is not equalled in this country for economy of fuel.
I have them working at 2} pounds of coal per horse-power
per hour, L10

CORLISS

TORONTO, August llth, 1880.
WM. HAMILTON, Peterborough, Ont.

DEAR SIR—The Steam Feed you put in is working splen-
didly, Yours, &e.,

THOMPSON, SMITH & SON.

WiEELELIAM HAMIL Toni,
PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

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