- A . ' voce. ‘ ' 7 * ' F , t Hy ee * . ' { + >, a ¥ - . ' u ’ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ te : ; ’ ; . ‘ . - | . ‘ ' J ‘ D 7 “i ' ; = ' « ‘ n . wae ‘ a ’ vo f ‘ t ‘ ; : ’ ws Sd ‘ i : ‘ ‘ ub , 7 { ' fs a . . ' git 4 “ " . ” a i : : 4 ° ' i ‘ A t " on he La Ns ‘ . € . “e ! : i‘ " : 7 © x , . ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘4, ’ Fi soe, . . ‘ ss ," 4 ‘ F } : oer ’ 1 : : 4 es . ' y ’ ‘ . Lae 1 i ; ’ ‘ > ar ’ P » % 7 i . fy ‘ ‘a f A ‘ F ' ’ . ; er ‘ “ ‘ * ‘ ’ \ ‘ ‘ eo? ‘ - ’ e : . t ' ‘ ' 5 ‘ ‘ Pi ' i ; ‘ : , ie P : ' ' s , : piss : , i“ : ' ' ’ d ‘ j . : “ ‘ - : . “4 . a ° \ 7 é ’ ~ os ‘ «* : * - . toed - . ‘ r 1 ’ 4 0g ’ r) ‘ - : ' : 7 ; : F < ‘ ’ . , ete ; f , : Fi art, : : ; ; ; a ‘ : oy - 7 ’ J . ‘ 5 7 ya > 2 , ‘ 7 ‘ . aR : . . ! . ¢ ‘ es “ » “ “ear, ¥ « . ae ’ , ; iu 4 - ry J . . ’ - 4 m “e's < ¢ ‘ hd : Ade . : - ’ 5 e ’ bd ry Ue . ‘ F Lae yt . 4 ey . F ’ . A e 7 . . : = s . a 4 * 4 * . r . é : 2 come . . : ™ é . ¥; os * 7 , ‘ - 7 : ‘ RMS, $1.00 PER YEAR OPIES, T See eee ; Vouume XV, TORONTO, ONT., JANUARY, 1894 edema eee fetes S - __IN USE BY Mieke Lesdineg Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS Pee So NOlLIA MHTAL CO. mtn” LONDON OFF BSMEEN ViCRDRUS Bb tnoING (74 Cortlandt St.. NEW YORK Bo 9 Ei) gabled atin eee eee MONTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS RUBBER BELTING MANUFACTURED BY : (LTD) THE GUTTA PERCHA & RUBBER MANUFACTURING CO. OF TORONTO. OFFICE 61863 FRONTSTW.TO RONTO. FACTORIES AT PARKDALE, ONT. Write For Discounts. Vo e chuveranp MR a ia CO (Join Bertram & Sons ====CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS, ONTARIO MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF (AS BE WOBBEWORRING MacHiNery |{)| LEATHER BELTING “2, eo een anpD LACE LE ATHER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL | MAGHINE TOOLS, BTC. WRITE FOR Prices AND CATALOGUE Danville, ise; WH Frey; ONTARIO E.R. Burns Saw 60. FACTORY: *Phone 5120 | 534-536 Dundas Street oo LO — ’ . : : ’ MANUFACTURERS OF ALE KINDS: OF Patented June 26th, 1893 93-25 Fisher Street TORONTO Grosscut Saws Saws — THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED —— «oe ——= ASK YOUR HARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT SHAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY THE CANADA LUMBERMAN DEH PRS] ia January, 1894 ] bara =a Mill THE PRESCOTT. sorcie in ,different sizes BAND SA pea S "Automall MILL } ~ call) A ———_ Carriage Offsets Prescott’s Direct-acty Steam Feeds: . HAVING.. Ottawa, Can., July Sth, 1892. FOR FILING ROOM TOP GUIDE NOW MADE WITH GOOSE NECK ARM Dear Sirs: It may zinterest}you to know that on June 30th Jast, in eleven hours, the Band Mill—driven entirely by water—which we got from you, sawed 4,047 feet 1-inch a ai ae Pies he Si ae ae i co aml ae 106,619 feet. Yours truly, Ke PERLEY & PATTEEg SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE TO To WHOM IT MAy CONCERN: This is to certify that the Wm. Ha nilto Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- borough, Ontario, have been licensed to nan u- build and sell said machines Dominion of Canada, the Ban Saw Mill known and called the’ “ Prescott Patent Band Mill,” al the device for Saw Mill Ca riag te Offsetting Mechanism,” andi virtue of said license the said Wm Hamilton Manufacturing Compan possess the exclusive right — to Canada, the plans for sai chines being furnished or ap- proved by the undersigned. r (Signed) D. CLINT PRESCOTT, [copy] Patente Boog Pera The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co. Lid PETERBOROUGH, ONT. -BRANCH OFFICE: VANCOUVER, B.C. Pg JANUARY, 1894 THE CAMA DA LUMBERMAN STEAM BOILER INSPECTION w AND INSURANCE DEPARTMENT 2) ee Oe = @ 22 27 | 10-in. plank, 13-ft. culls, each 23 25 Bracket plank .. arvats ernie eats 30 35 | 10-in. boards, 13 ft., dressing Shelving boards, 12-in. up.. 30 32 and better, conch s.8-ase, 5. 8 32 Dressing boards, narrow.... 19 21 | 1o-in. boards, 13-ft. culls.... 17 21 LATH, 27G-E gerne Idee Saco come 2M POPLUCe’. 2.6%. cece a $2 30 $2 40 SHINGLES. Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 40 $4 54| Bound butts, €x18 ....$5 90 $6 0o Clear butts.......... Bay gy 25) Elemlock........0. 200% 215 2 30 Smooth, 6x 18....... GU RGeeP Ob SPCUCE . 6... cca. oe oe 220 230 SAGINAW, MICH. SAGINAW, Mich., Jan. 2—It is useless to say trade is good, because it is not. Lumbermen are quietly resting and taking note of tariff affairs and anything else that is likely to affect the business of the future. FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH, Dyess, 1, 1% and 1%...... 45 oo | Fine common, 1 in. 1% and rl in ices, MSaIMaielaiaet nial alsfoi\0/e'>\0(0'»'s Bresye side. -36 1 and 1...-.- see eee eee Ar GONG, 7B ANd GAN. «66. wince «wine 30 2, Ws zr oo| No.1, % in I, Ste oe OAC op D CHE Be epaneS 40 00 Papakea re etereicie acs .ctrerereleras TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING, 2x4 to 10x10, 12, 14 and 16 ft. (Es fore) ASIN Ties Hain Mia ale ales Bin,.0°6) 5,f' 05m a St Aa 00 IAVABCL, 2RULE «dys ai slesaia e\viela\s I5 00 For each additional 2 ft. aid 1; 12 in. plank and timber $1 extra ; extra for sizes above 12 in. SHINGLES. Pememe weiny Climax, ..66..0.% a Cis || acing). (Gill) Sonenncnoneobdee I 00 DONO SAGINAW.-....0.0000e- 3 40| X shorts 225 POMPE IA ens aleecie ve sisee« 2.25 |W0D.D.€ obo rchponrmhecnoonpor I 50 PMITAMIING Cr) Dives oan snes = sss 12 LATH. Lath, No x, white pine....... 2 25 | Lath, No. 2, W. pine, Norway 1 65 NEW YORK CITY. New YorK, Jan. 2.—Only dullness can be written of the lumber market here. The year just closed was full of discouragements, and its effects are being carried to ‘some extent into 1894. Still the trade are hopeful that the new year will throw off the shadow ere long. WHITE PINE—WESTERN GRADES, Uppers, x in....... 78 00@45 00 | Coffin boards. . fore) 14%, 1%and2in.... 46 00 47 00| Box, in...... 50 3 and 4 in........ 55 00 58 00 Thicker Cgeinsinal «6 50 Selects,rin.......... 40 00 41 00 00 zr in., all wide...... 41 00 43 00 et A OCI IIONS fore) 1%, 1% and in... PAR VOCE AAT OO) NOsu ainctela) clara a1<\0 fore) g and 4 in......-. 52 00 53 00 Shelving, No. 1 00 Fine common, 1 in.. 36 00 3700] No. 2...........+ 0° 14%, 14andzin.... 38 00 40 00 Molding, No. 1 fore) giand 41M. ..+-.s.0+ AG 00" VAB OO) VINO. 2 ous. cece ese fore) ne BPs tin. No.1 28 00 30 00 Bevel sid’ g, clear.. 00 50 5° Gre) oo foe} 19 00 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 REPRESENTATIVE of the Burrard Inlet Red Cedar Lumber Co., of Port Moody, B. C., referring to an interview in this page says: “ We notice anitem in your December issue in which Mr. W. J. Brooks, of Grimesthorp, Algoma, claims to have an idea that the shingles of British Columbia will not be liable to enter into competition with pine shingles manufactured in Ontario. He bases his conclusions on the assumption that, according to his opinion, the cedar shingles are injured by kiln drying. . To us this is an original assump- tion, as we have yet to learn how lumber, especially cedar shingles, rift or quarter sawn, as these are, has been injured by the process of kiln drying. The fact is we believe it to be a benefit, for the reason that kiln dried shingles shrink no more after being laid, while the pine shingles of Ontario, which are not kiln dried, will shrink, leaving openings quite sufficient to cause leaks. We have seen British Columbia cedar shingles which had been on a roof for thirty-five years. These were as sound as the day they were laid. This, we think, speaks volumes for the superiority of British Columbia shingles.” + & * & J. D. Leary, a New York lumberman, who attained some familiar connection with the Joggins’ raft, when in Montreal a few days ago said to an interviewer in answer to a question as to whether there was anything new in the lumbering business there, “No, the Mari- time provinces are dead, or might as well be dead. Of course the towns are all right, but in the country ” (Mr. Leary gave a highly suggestive shrug of the shoulders), ‘‘ why, I have lumbermen, sixty or seventy of them, working for twenty-five or twenty-six dollars a month, and glad to get it. They are well fed, of course. There is no business doing down there though.” He intends visiting the provinces shortly. Ka ne In the opinion of Mr. T. Charlton, of the firm of J. & T. Charlton, of Tonawanda, N. Y., with whom I chatted the other day, the Wilson tariff bill in most leading particulars is likely to undergo radical changes before it becomes law, if this should ever be the case. “The interests even of the Democrats themselves are so varied, local conditions causing members of the same party to take entirely opposite views on particular clauses, that I can see no liklihood,” said Mr. Charlton, “ of a majority agreeing on the bill as it is now framed. So far as lumber is concerned the opposition from the Southern States and also from the Pacific coast is strong and aggressive, and there will bé no free lumber if these sections can carry any important influence. If the bill does become law I do not anticipate that it will make any difference in price of lumber. Part of saving in duty will go to stumpage, and the rest will be absorbed in freights and other expenditures.” Mr. T. Charlton, as our readers will likely know is a brother and partner of John Charlton, a member of the House of Commons, and the firm do business both at Little Current and Tonawanda. * * * Among the callers at my sanctum the early part of the year was Mr. R. Simpson, of Collingwood, who is home for a short period from Newfoundland. Mr. Simpson is engaged in saw mill building in the sister colony, having during the past year erected several modernly-equipped mills. He tells me there isa considerable quantity of timber in Newfoundland, though little effort has been made to develop a lumber business there. The prevail- ing timber is a wood that compares somewhat with our poplar or basswood. Lumbering is more difficult there than in Canada from the fact that the forests are scattered. Besides, skilled labor, even in bush work, is hard to secure. The natives are a well meaning people, but they are indolent and entirely wanting in ambition. Little else, Mr. Simpson tells me, is to be expected from them because of the conditions under which they exist. They are quite bereft of the spirit of independence, being practically under the domination of the merchant-classes, who are the real rulers of the country, pay them what they choose for their labor, and keep them constantly in their debt. ‘‘I surprised a young man last summer,” said Mr. Simpson, “ who had done some work for me. When I tendered him his wages in cash, the young fellow said, ‘1 have worked steadily for eight years, and never before had my wages paid in money.” All wages are paid in accounts at the stores, and prices, I need hardly say, are not the lowest.” A new railroad is being built through the country at the present time to strike a point that will help to shorten the ocean route. Mr. Simpson tells me that this work is having an in- fluence in creating a demand for lumber, and is re- sulting in the breaking up of forest lands hitherto untouched. * & & # Pen pictures of the men who have made their mark in some of the various walks of life have a peculiar interest for almost anyone. We are even prone to read of the fellow who has become notorious because of his bad deeds. Perhaps his life is the most interesting to not a few. But we do not find these sort of chaps in the lumber business, so any suggestion, on these lines, is not pertinent in the premises. A racy little sketch of Alex. Gibson, New Brunswick’s lumber King, written by ““Salmagundi,” or in more intelligible terms, now that he has revealed his own identity, Mr. Met. L. Saley, the presiding editorial genius -of the Northwestern Lumberman, has come under my notice. Were you to meet Mr. Gibson on the street there would be nothing, we are told, in his appearance to lead you to think that he was one of Canada’s most successful business men ; or, indeed, that he was a man of any particular promi- nence. He is 65 years of age, or thereabouts, inclined to heaviness, with white hair, mustache and beard. One of his chief characteristics is that he minds his own business. The commercial agencies rate him at over $1,000,000, and with a credit that would buy the earth if he wanted it. This man came from the ranks of the laborers, and there isn’t a man who works harder than Gibson did, or, probably, who is poorer than he was. A sprig of nobility visited Marysville, Gibson’s home, and having been shown over the town and through the industrial establishments, asked the proprietor how he had attained such marvellous success in life. Without a word the old man threw his hat down, stripped off his coat and took his place at the edger, and having edged four or five deals he turned to the visitor, and with fire in his eye and a glow in his cheek, answered the question : “ By hard work, sir!” Ifthere is a man in New Brunswick who is bound to have his way it is this so-called “lumber king.” He means always to be right, and having arrived at aconclusion, nothing short of death would stop him from carrying out his plans. He is a very devout Methodist, and a difference arose between him and some of the members of the church, as to chuich management. “Very well,” he said, “ you run your church to suit you and I will have one and run it to suit myself.” He built a church at a cost of $15,- ooo, placed a fine pipe organ in it, and then he was lacking an organist. Hearing of a German professor, who was playing in a church down at St. John, he went to see him, and asked him how much of a salary he was getting. “ Six hundred dollars,” said the musician. “Come up to Marysville and play in my church, and I'll give you twelve hundred,” said Gibson. He went, and for three or four years was the organist in Mr. Gibson’s church ; but doing something that lead his employer to think he was getting “‘too big for his boots,” he was discharged as quickly as he had been employed. The old lumberman has a soft place in his heart for music ; he has a piano and pipe organ in his house, but does not play. It is said that about the nearest route to the old man’s soul is through the channel of music. Marysville, a few miles above Fredericton, is Mr. Gibson’s town. It was built by him and is run by him. The place has about 2,000 inhabitants, mostly employed in the Gibson mills and factories. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN THE MATTER-OF-FACT VIEW. HE Boston Manufacturers’ Gazette advances some very practical views touching the question of forest management, taking the middle ground between the sentimental and the material question of forest preser- vation. As our New England contemporary remarks, “the sturdy lumberman who owns one hundred acres of timber growth, and whose business in life is to convert the same into logs and wood, must needs study the practical side of the forestry question. He has but little appreciation of the poetic side of the tree, its foliage and scenic effect. He must be approached, if he is to be converted from the error of his ways, by practical argu- ments in favor ofa more modern, rational and intelligent management of his property.” The lumberman or timber-land owner has the un- doubted legal right to destroy every stick of timber in his woods, if he so please, but convince him that it is for his interest to cut only the matured and full-grown timber, and leave the young trees to grow, and he may be converted to the Old-World science of forestry. If all a man’s capital be invested in timber lands, and he cannot sell the land, he may be compelled to realize on the stumpage and convert the growth into cash. The Gazette reasons thus: That while the owner of mature trees in the forest loses money in permitting them to stand after their growth has ceased, the lumber- man is also unwise who makes a clean cut of his forest growth, when the young and immature trees left to nature will pay him far greater profits than if destroyed at the same time the mature specimens are marketed. The lumberman may cut fitly to one hundred ripe trees from an acre and still leave twice as many imma- ture trees growing for future cullings. In either the zsthetic or the practical view, it is the part of common sense to simultaneously thin out and pre- serve—to harvest the lumber crop under proper condi- tions and at the proper times. The lumberman does not always realize the future value of his forest trees. He works for the future alone. Capitalists, and those who are willing and able to wait, should be induced to invest in forest lands from a financial standpoint, with the expectation of large profits in the crop, and with the prospect of advancing values as the supply diminishes. SAFEGUARDS FOR WORKING ELECTRICIANS. ge announcements that a means has been invented of rendering any wire charged with electricity in- stantly dead opens up the question recently discussed j in an English electrical journal of the better protection against accidents from heavy currents of workmen in electric light and power stations. It is suggested, among other improvements, that the insulation resistance of the rubber gloves and boots worn by men engaged in high pressure works should be periodically tested. Rubber gloves and boots are subject to wear and tear, and however good the insulation may be when new, it rapidly deteriorates. It is stated that gutta-percha molded boots, with no irons in them, are more reliable than rubber boots, as they retain their insulating proper- ties much longer. It is suggested that all high pressure bars, switches and fuses shall be boxed 1n, so that the opening of the box would cut off the current and render it impossible for it to be turned on while the box was open. Again, manufacturers are compelled to securely fence in all belts, wheels and other machinery, and high pressure terminals, bars or switches should be placed under similar restrictions. What is wanted is a simple signal to indicate to the most ignorant workman whena bar, or terminal or switch is charged and so warn him off, Such a device would excellently well supplement the use of the newly-invented electric “cut-off” in increasing the safety of workmen in electric light stations. DIFFERENT WOODS COMPARED. [% a lecture recently delivered before the Railway Institute, New South Wales, on the values of differ- ent timbers used for railway purposes, it was stated that timber, when perfectly dry, lost about one-third of its weight and shrunk in breadth in drying, as follows : Yellow pine Pitch pine In the comparisons, English oak was taken as the standard of measure of the qualities of strength, stiff- ness, and toughness, and the following table presented as a result of the experiments : ‘ Variety. W't cu. ft. Strength. Stiffness. Toughness. British oak ..... 45 to 58 lbs. 100 100 I0o Baltic Riga oak. 43 to 54 lbs. 108 93 125 American oak... 37 to 47 lbs. 86 114 117 Dantzic Oak.... 42 to 53 lbs. 107 117 99 Line rosin toi 35 to 46 lbs. 32 78 86 Pine or fir...... 26 to 42 Ibs. 80 114 58 (Poplar ett y sees 33 lbs. 86 66 112 Mahogany...... 35 to 53 lbs. 96 93 99 Tamarac ....... 32 to 4o lbs, 102 80 130 Watnut.feer se 50 lbs, go 7o I10 WITHIN the Brule river woods, Wis., are located eight large camps, and the output of logs is expected to be the largest on record. J. F. EBY LUMD6Fmen SPECIAL :— Write us for Cata- logue and quotations, Send us your address and we will quote the market from time to time. EBY, BLAIN & CO. WHOLESALE GROCERS - TORONTO, ONT. HUGH BLAIN Having made a specialty for years of supplying Lumber and Mining Gamps with Groceries, Flour, Feed and Smoked, Dried an Green -Meats, etc., we solicit inquiries from you for your various camps. January, 1894 STEAM PUMPS Duplex AND SINGLE Steam Pumps Q@Q— If you require a pump for any duty, of the latest and most improved pattern, and at close prices, WRITE GS ORTHEY MFG GO. LIMITBD “TORONTO “ONTO “ : COMMISSION AGENTS Limits bought and sold on commission. Limits trav- elled and carefully prepared. Estimates given. Some first-class berths on the North Shore of Lake Huron and on the Upper Ottawa now in our hands for sale. Communications confidential. 36 Rochester St. Ottawa References given. TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 UAK TANNED BELTING THE J.C.MfLAREN BELTING C2 montrear 16 THE CANADA. LUE Eye he JANuaRY, 1894 STEAM BOILER INSPECTION AND INSURANCE DEPARTMENI OF THE CAM BOILER 0 PLATE GLAS INSURANCE COM JAMES LAUT, Manacer, OF CANADA == ae ee =. E. JONES PARKE, Q@.C. - PRESIDENT. F. A. FITZGERALD, ESQ., President eee oil Co., VicE-PRESIDENT. HON. DAVID MILLS, Q.C., M.P., Ex-Minister of the Interior. JOHN MORISON, ESQ., Ex-Goy. British America Assurance Co., Toronto. T. H. PURDOM, ESQ., Barrister, London. J. H. KILLEY, Consulting Engineer. JOHN FAIRGRIEVE, Chief Inspector. HEAD OFFICE: MASONIC TEMPLE - - LONDON, ONT. AUTHORIZED CAPITAL, $500,000 SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL, $200,000 FULL GOVERNMENT DEPOSIT. When were your Boilers last inspected by a competent engineer D° not trust to luck; the unexpeeted Do you know what pressure your Boilers can safely stand generally happens, Avoid the Is your Steam Gauge registering the correct pressure calamity of an explosion. Protect life Are your Water Gauges free and in good working order and property by taking out one of our Is your Safety Valve working properly @ Inspection and Insurance Policies. REAMER LUMBER CO.i®. ~ WHOLESALE DEALERS IN WAITE PINE—~ © - HARDWOODS 41 Park Row «» New York Representative Lumber Manufacturers and Dealers CK WH = Railway, Express, or Power, Sty] (3 et Town nearest Shipping Poin t NAME BusINEss Daly. Caan Ottawa, Ont: 2. win ts ttawat< eis tae aes Booth,. J.B. 2.4cc cc is eee Lumber, Wholesale and Retail.................- Steam, Circular and Band Mill $$$ Ottawa, One. isin Ottawaly.. lea on stic Bronson & Weston Lumber Co..... 2 Sawmills, White and Red Pine, Wholesale... .|Water, Gang and Band, 4s0m Ottawa, Ont.......... MR eran a ace eoeacys gt x ae OTTAWA LUMBER CO......... Lumber, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Wiholesales. 2 5). city be orcas Stee ee eee eater: Parry Sound, Ont..... ULters@n fh ehau actos: Conger Lumber Co............ Lumber, Wholesale and Retail Parry Sound, Ont..... Parry Sonnd)..c0.05* 01 Parry Sound LumberCo......... Saw, Shingle and Lath Mills, Pine, Wholesale ..| Water, Gang, Circular, Saw 90m, p 3 " ; 4 Spinel zom, Lath 30m Muskoka Mills, Ont...|Midland.............. Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Head|W. Pine Lumber, Lath and Bill Stuff, all lengths.|2 Mills, Water, 1 Band, 2 Gangs Office, Arcade, 24 King st. w., Toronto and 3 Greil i McPherson, Schell & Co. Alexandria, Ont....... Alexandria ...253...55 Basten Se Cheese Box Factory, Pine, Spruce, Cedar ...... Almonte, Ont......... Wimonte ..-ceeee ae Caldwell, A. &Son........... Sawmill, Pine, Lumber, Hemlock, Hardwoods. .|Circular, 3m Barrie, Onty.....-..--: Bare tricia. cote ses apteee Dymont dccNiieleteee oc ctes.5, o0s..< Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, ‘Cedar, Hardwoods... /. Steam, Circular, 4om 7 Barrow Bay, Ont...... NWLSEGGh: 13. on cco Barrow Bay Lumber Co., Limited . ./Saw, Shingle and Heading Mill, Pine, Cedar : ; . ; Oak, Oak Railway Ties, Paving Blocks ...58 Steam, Circular, 16m Blind River, Ont...... Blind River........... Blind River Lumber Co......... 2 Saw, Sh. and Lath Mls., Pine, Hem., Bl. Birch|Stm., Band, Cir., S. 75m, Sh. 60m e Bobcaygeon, Ont...... Fenelon Falls......... Boyd, Mossom & Co........... Lumber, Wholesale and. Retail.......\0..0.. ccf Ke one Gee al Barriey'Onterenes2 shee Bate... eed, eae. (BUstGn TSIO8y . lavoasheusceue at ese ee 6 Lumber, Wiholesalesand Retail. «(csc scntms seed Nec ceee ten ae eee Waubaushene, Ont....|Waubaushene......... Georgian Bay Consolid. Rumpber (Co:||Pine:only. saci cas acs at oes eee Waubaushene mill, stm., 200m; Hd. office arcade 24 King st. w., Toronto Pt. Severn mill, water, 120m .... MANUFACTURERS OF .... Calabogie, Ont........ Calabogie..<.i-.c Messrs. Dominion Dry KiLn Co., Toronto, Ont. GENTLEMEN, We have thoroughly tested the ‘‘ Andrews” Lumber Dry Kiln furnished by you and must say that it more than surpasses our expectations. We put green spruce lumber in from the saw dripping with water and in 18 hours it was drier than lumber that had been stuck up in the yard all summer, and in four daysit was as dry asa bone, and with- out nearly as many checks or warps as the same grade air dried. A very important feature of the “Andrews” Kiln is that it sayes so much steam over that of any other system. You may refer any one you liketo us, or send them down to inspect, and wecan satisfy them that your kiln cannot be beat. Yours truly, EASTMAN LUMBER CO. a Ma) SAW EHS Time Gapital Interest Insurance Yard Room - Freight Material Labor Expense WHY ll eSs3 EX a WHAT? JANUARY, 1894 CHATHAM, ONT., August 25th, 1893. A. G, Mortimer, Esq.. Manager Dominion Dry Kiln Co., Toronto, Ont. Dear Sir, The “Andrews” dry kiln, which I purchased from you has now been in operation over a month, and is so perfectly satisfactory that I cannot say enough in its favor. I use very little steam and my staves come out as dry as a bone, and are not in any way injured by warping or discoloration, ' Yours truly, (Signed) N. H. STEVENS AT THE YYORLD’S FAIR CHIiCAGsS Nearly 500 Kilns = already = in Successiul Operation r, Shingles, Heading and Staves nT MANUFACTURED BY THE DOMINION DRY KILN CO. TOR OMT @ -oi0a: JANUARY, 1894 Merwe OL NAD LUMBERMAN Sete, she Allis Improved oe —~~ Band Mill Can be seen in operation at our works. Lumbermen contemplating a change in their mills should not fail to examine it. It is without question the best Band Mill built in the States. If orders are placed early, and the man you desire to handle your saws is 3 SS. F sent to us at once, we will have him | =o thoroughly instructed in the care of the saws, and thus obviate one of the principal causes of trouble in operating a Band. Place your order at once and avoid delay in the spring. Hard times makes the saving in saw kerf all the more desirable. ITAKEN FROM AcTUAL IMPRESSIONS | at : 1 Figure up the Savin gage on your next year’s cut basing it on the actual kerf of Band Saw and of Circular as indicated in this cut taken from actual impressions of saw: teeth. i | JFROM SAWS | i! MILLs Be REE! ‘or A 60s Circa: G Gauce, i ! 4 : ’ H ! { HAVE ARRANGED WITH HILL & CO., OF KALAMAZOO, MICH., to build their Direct Action Steam Log Handling Specialties. Wm. Younce writes from Wiarton, December 21st - “ Your Prescott Steam Feed is giving me entire satisfaction, it does not require more steam to run the mill now than with the old friction feed, and it has increased the capacity of my mill over 20 per cent.’’ Order your Machinery NOW, and prevent delay in getting started next spring. Send for new Band Mill Catalogue. WATEROUS, Brantrorp. CANADA January, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Bae. PETRIE’S LIST of WOOD-WORKING MACHINERY — Improved Pony Planers Power and Foot Mortisers Stationary Bed Planers Shaping Machines English Planing and Thicknessing Rip and Crosscut Saw Tables Machines Circular Re-Sawing Machines Double Surfacers Relisher and Wedge Cutters Revolving Bed Planers Door and Sash Tenoners Jointers or Buzz Planers Wood Turning Lathes Stroke Jointers Boring Machines Daniel’s Planers Dove-tailing Machines Shimer Matching Heads Sand Papering Machinery Moulding Knives Dowell Machines Moulding Machines Improved Saw Arbors Cutter Heads Circular Saws for all Wood Working: Blind Machinery Machinery Hub Machines : Axe-Handle and Spoke Lathes Gauge Lathes Clothes Pin and Match Machinery Veneer Cutting Machines Excelsior Machines Cheese Box Machinery Bung Machines Gate Scroll and Jig Saws Bracket Band Saws Hand and Foot Power Band Saws Stave Cutters Box Nailing Machinery Stave Bolt Equalizers Planers and Matchers Barrel, Hoop and Heading Machinery _ Little Giant Planers and Matchers Belting, General Mill Supplies, Shafting, Hangers, Pulleys, Steam Fittings, H. W. PETRI Machinist and General | AI 60 | 45 Front St. West, TORONTO Patented Solid Web ——— Machinery Dealer (Adjoining New Union Passenger Station Wood Split Pulley Alexander Thomson, Bamboo and Art Furniture Manu- facturer, Hamilton, writes : “TI find your Wood Split Pulleys give entire satisfaction. They do not ‘slip, and are very handy to put on. I have had from twenty to twenty-five years’ experience in pulleys, and I find none so satisfactory as youts, and am sure they will meet with success. Tis CANT BROS. CO., Lit. Wood-working Machinery of all kinds Get, rena ins <> Ae A AZ ————_— Sawmill Outfits, complete Steam Drag Saw Band Mill for Logs Automatic Sawing Machines Wood Yard and Cordwood Machinery Log Haul Ups Bull Wheel Rigs, complete Sawdust Conveyors Drag Saw Irons Edgers and Slab Saw Rigs Double Gang Edgers Swing Slab Saws Foot Power Scroll Saws Band Sawing Machines Re-Sawing Machines Drop Tilt Shingle Machines Two Block Shingle Mill Swing Shingle Machines Single Knot Saws Shingle Jointers Shingle Packers Shingle Edgers Self-feed Lath Machines Stave Heading and Shingle Bolting Saws tC i eee Sy ———— F. E. DIXON & GO. MANUFACTURERS OF _____1| BATHBR Star RE Sy TING YO KING ST. EAST T oronto WRITE FOR DISCOUNTS 1892 MODEL Remington Typewriter Unapproached for Excellence of Design and Con- struction, Quality of Work, Simplicity and Durability. #@ MACHINES FOR RENTAL i OPERATORS SUPPLIED SEND FOR CIRCULAR [)ONOGH: WHOLESALE DEALERS IN OFFICE Nos. 213, 214 and 215 hy @O@EIVER” ee LUMBER Be TORONTO AGENCY OF The Rathbun Go. ———aAre open to Purchase =———— Oak, Ash, Birch , Basswood © i and Good Pine Lumber Gedar and Pine Shingles — Manufacturers having such for sale are invited to com Board of Trade Building municate with GEORGE BENGOUGH SAG = "Adelaide St. East SPACKMAN & CO. 164 St. James Street Toronto, Ont. Tel. 1207. TORONTO Tel. 1189 MONTREAL B.R. Mowry & Son MANUFACTURERS OF SAW MILL wii, AND Shingle Machinery a Specialty SHINGLE MILL MAGHINERY The “BOSS” shingle Machine Manufactured by us is acknowledged by practical men to be The Best Machine on the Market REMIRING PROMPTLY AND GAREFULLY EXEGUTED Gravenhurst, Ont. TA T. W. WALKER, Agent TOPReMTS Office Cor. Spadina Ave. and Front Street Tg Nee : MANUFACTURERS 6 E.R. BUPIS SaW G0. a # at Ons S SS ae = A : S ty) S . Ss | y | Vaal | | el im ) sin I Mou Wy em ntl ml | l ll ii pfr- ou = | { hb - z ~a'|4 GEER, “fs mente ! Vo_tum XV. Numse) 2. TORONTO, ONT. FEBRUARY, (894 ane $1.00 Bax fase {$n GLE Coriges NTS MAGNOLIA METAL INS USES BY yen G Leading Governments . High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling- Ait Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Float ail ZOE VASE WAC EON RY BHARINGS eee Ge TOLTA METAL CO. sim e Manufacturers LONDON OFFICE: 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET CHICAGO is TRADERS’ matey EUicdt SBFiee MN GReN & co., acENTS 74 Gortlandt St.. NEW YORK RUBBER BELTING MONARCH, RED STRIP AND LION BRANDS. MANUFACTURED: BY (LTD) THE GUTTA PERCHA & RUBBER MANUFACTURING CO. OF TORONTO. OFFICE 61&63.FRONT STW.TO RONTO. 2 Peal ORIEe PARKDALE, ONT. Write. For Discounts. | Cc. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhue & GO. MANUFACTURERS OF [FATHER BELTING :::: ann LACE LEATHER _ Panvile, Ques: | JOM Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS, ONTARIO GEO. GCORMAGK Wholesale and Retail Dealer in ALL KINDS OF LUMBER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL MANUFACTURERS OF WOOD - WORKING MAGHINBRY MACHINE TOOLS, BTC. WRITE FOR PRICES AND CATALOGUE WHITBY, ONTARIO OF FACTORY: *Phone 5120 534-536 Dundas Street —— To —— 23-25 Fisher Street TORONTO ONT. -- €6g1 ‘q19z ounf{ pojueqeg -°.°.* Grosscut Saw Handle j= Circular THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED — cco —— ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT @I|- S\= SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY Pert enh D Gp @ Sey’ My OPE LUMPP RIM AWN - FEBRUARY, 1894 THE PRS eo Parte Se Mile THE BAND SAW PRESCOTT CARRIAGE BAND SAW MILL in different sizes Prescott’s Automatic Carriage Offsets Prescott’s Direct-acting Steam Feeds COVEL’S SAW TOOLS FOR FILING ROOM Ottawa, Can., 7 : > | 7 | . . in l= ee Pll TOP GUIDE NOW MADE WITH GOOSE NECK ARM i Bis SS Dear Sirs: It may interest you to know that on June: 30th last, in eleven hours, the Band Mill—driven entirely by water—which we got from you, sawed TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: This is to certify that the Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- borough, Ontario, have been licensed to manu- facture and sell throughout the Dominion of Canada, the Band Saw Mill known and called the “Prescott Patent Band Mill,” also ; HE, i , ; j | the device for Saw Mill Carriage 4,047 feet 1-inch 4 i i ‘ta 5 as it ; known as the “Prescott Patent Ae es ae Offsetting Mechanism,” and by i virtue of said license the said Wm. 11,723 ait (Aaa Hamilton Manufacturing Company possess the exclusive right to 5,726 Da *4 build and sell said machines for Canada, the plans for said ma- chines being furnished or ap- proved by the undersigned. 85,038 66 3 66 106,619 feet. Yours truly, PERLEY & PATTEE.. (Signed) D. CLINT PRESCOTT, [copy] Patentee. SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE TO The Wm. Hamilton Mig. Co. Ltd. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. BRANCH OFFICE: VANCOUVER, B.C. iy. + omy _ T= CANADA LUMBERMAN VoLuME XV. NuMBER 2. TORONTO, ONT., FEBRUARY, 1894 Jf Terms, $1.00 Per YEAR \ Sincie Cortes, 10 Cents RATIONAL FORESTRY. By O. S. Wuirmore, Epiror ‘‘ Harpwoop.” THE time is rapidly approaching when rational forestry must command the attention of every lover of his country. But before that time arrives there must be a better knowledge disseminated as to what the science of forestry really means, or perhaps, what is more im- portant, what it does not mean. The popular idea has apparently been that it consists of two propositions : first, the suspension of further cutting of the forests of the country as far as possible to do so, by congressional or legislative action, and by moral forces ; second, the indiscriminate planting of trees, with the half-formed idea that in some way or somehow this will pay in the dim future. It must further be taught that the Creator did not clothe the earth with forests from any mere sentimental or esthetic motive, but for the good of His creatures who were to inhabit it to the end of time ; therefore, that the forests are grown to be cut for the benefit of mankind ‘for fuel with which to cook his food and to warm him in winter, and for lumber with which to build a shelter over his head. These are the actual necessities of humanity, if it would be in any degree above a savage; if man would not continue to eat his food raw, dress in skins or woven grass and dwell in caves. These wants of the human animal mark the first step 4 ' in mental and moral development. The next step, the production of food other than the wild game of the forest, presupposes the cultivation of vegetable products suitable for his nourishment. This cannot be done in the uncut forests ; and as man’s first wants compel his living in a wooded area, he must destroy a portion of the forest that the ground it occupies might be turned into fields, and ultimately into pastures for tamed beasts suitable for food, as the dependence upon wild game ' became more precarious and the chase irksome ; his development carrying this a point further to include domesticated beasts of burden. Had man been content to go down the ages satisfied with the gratification of these simple wants, the inroads upon the forests, even to this day, would be small. But the Great Designer of his destiny decreed otherwise. It was necessary to man’s perfect development that the y finer, the zesthetic part of his nature should be cultivated. This demanded something better than a hut of bark or logs. With this demand came the one for better tools than were found in the stone axe and the saw shark’s teeth. The metals lay in the earth at his feet. But to utilize them required the further destruction of the 1orest to feed the smelting furnace and the forge. The develop- ment of the human race, beginning slowly, increased rapidly for a time, then ebbed almost back to barbarism, again flowing forward, sometimes almost stationary, but always forward to the culmination of the rgth century. The log cabin gave place to the cottage, the cottage to the mansion and palace. The forest trail gave place to a bridle path, the path to a road, the ford to a bridge, the canoe and paddle gave place to the ship with sails, and finally the apotheosis of pro- ~ gress came with the modern railway and the Atlantic steamship. Each step upward in the human scale has made its _ demands upon the timbered area. In all ages the husbandman has been the great destroyer of the forest, and logically so. He has ever been the pioneer. He must first advance into the wilder- __ ness and create ademand fora town as a market center, ~ ; alan er A and a demand for lines of transportation. The city is . born of the wants of a given territory. Primarily the settler has cut down the forest, first to make a shelter _ for himself and family and his various belongings, and for fuel, and secondarily to make room for fields and pastures. Incidentally some portion of the fallen tim- ber has been utilized for economic purposes outside his immediate wants. It has gone to build the town that has grown up behind him, to build ships, railways, bridges and vehicles of transportation and fuel for towns and manufactories. Speaking specifically of our own country, it is only within little more than half a century that lumbering as a special industry has begun to destroy the forest simply for the sake of merchandising its products. But that half century has wrought such a violent change in the states where lumbering as a special business has been followed, that it has roused the thoughtful to ask the question: What will the end be if the present destruc- tion continues with no attempt made to modify its wastefulness ? That there has been wastefulness by both lumbermen and farmers is beyond question. But the past is behindus. We may deplore its extravagance, but we must admit that there are extenuating circum- stances. Artificial wants of modern civilization often made the farmer settler extravagant in his treatment of his woodland, while the professional lumberman has been impelled to the same thing by the necessity of making a profit from his operations. The enormous demand for lumber from non-lumbering sections has forced the pro- duction, while costly transportation to market has obliged him to leave all the coarser and low-valued pro- ducts unutilized, not more than 20 per cent. of actual bulk of the forest growth ever producing any profitable return, It is a fact that only quite recently has science dis- covered the means of utilizing forest waste by converting it into by-products of great value in small bulk, thus over- coming the problem of transportation to market at a profit. Until recently the only use of lumbering waste has been to convert it into small completely finished articles of every day use, and this could only be done in the older portions of the country where the market was contiguous, transportation charges small, and lumbering carried on on a small scale. But to-day there is less excuse for waste. Nevertheless all discussion of rational forestry must begin with the proposition, which is akin to an axiom, that forests were given by the Almighty to be cut for man’s benefit, and that lumbering is a business for profit as much as raising wheat and cotton. It must also be granted that the owner of a tract of forest land in fee simple has as much legal right to harvest his crop of trees as the owner of a cultivated farm has to harvest his crop of corn when it becomes ripe in the fall. The state, having once granted the fee to land, cannot control the usufruct except by enactment in the original deed of conveyance, which must be understood and assented to by the grantee. But methods of usufruct can and should be controlled by the state. Our hurried, feverish national growth has caused this point to be greatly overlooked. Should the state act upon it at once, the further destruc- tion of forests by fire could be practically prevented. To accomplish this should be work for practical, rational forestry. Such points can only be barely suggested in this paper, but they include all methods of both lumberman and pioneer farmer, which in any manner imperil the inter- ests of others ; while outside of the mere legal questions there are great moral obligations, relating to the general welfare of the commonwealth, which must be discussed by forestry advocates, and up to which all classes must be educated. And these moral obligations relate not only to the present but to the future, to generations yet to come. Methods that affect climatic conditions, the water supply, destruction of navigable waterways by pro- ducing arid conditions ; all these may be legal or simply moral questions. It is the legitimate province of rational forestry to determine this by careful discussion and examination, and having done so to pursue the remedy. This is a utilitarian age. Man works for the profit there isin it. The most practical part of rational forestry relating to existing forests is to convin e the owner of a forest, be he a lumberman or a farmer that it is for his interest to improve upon his present methods of treating it. When he shall be made to see plainly that it will pay him and his children to handle his timber as a periodical crop, to be preserved with care, to be cultivated in a certain sense, to be protected from everything that might endanger it, as he would protect his cornfield from weeds and insects ; then will rational forestry have performed its great mission. The work of that branch relating to the mere planting of trees and the reforestation of denuded areas is play in comparison. THE INVENTION OF THE MATCH. Ss does not give to any one man the credit of inventing the match. That useful article reached its present state of perfection by a long series of inven- tions of various degrees of merit, the most important of which resulted from the progress of chemical science. Starting from the tinder-box and fyrstan of the Saxons, the first attempt to improve on the old sulphur match was made in 1805 by Chancel, a French chemist, who fipped cedar splints with a paste of chlorate of potash and sugar. On dipping one of these matches into a little bottle containing asbestos wetted with sulphuric acid, and withdrawing it, it burst into flame. This con- trivance was introduced into England after the battle of Waterloo, and was sold at a high price, under the name of Prometheans. Some time after a man named Heurtner opened a shop in London. It was named the Lighthouse, and he added the inscription to the mural literature of London : ‘*To save your knuckles, time and trouble, Use Huertner’s Euperion.” An open box, containing fifty matches, and the sulphuric acid asbestos bottle were sold fora shilling. It hada large sale, and was known in the kitchen as the Hugh Perry. Heurtner brought out “vesuvians,” consisting of a car- tridge containing chlorate of potash and sugar anda glass bead full of sulphuric acid. On pressing the end witha pair of nippers, the bead was crushed and the paste burst into flame. This contrivance was afterward more fully and usefully employed for firing gunpowder in the railway fog-signal. The next was Walker. He was a druggist at. Stockton-on-Tees, and in 1827 produced what is called ‘‘congreves,” never making use of the word “ Lucifer,” which was not yet applied to matches. His splints of potash paste, in which gum was substituted for sugar, and there was added a small quantity of sul- phide of antimony. The match was ignited by being drawn through a fold of sandpaper, with pressure ; but it often happened that the tipped part was torn off without igniting, or, if ignited, it sometimes scattered balls of fire about. These matches were held to be so dangerous that they were prohibited by law in France and Germany. The first grand improvement in the manufacture took place in 1833, by the introduction of phosphorus into the paste, and this seems to have sug- gested the word “Lucifer,” which the match has ever since retained. When phosphorus was first introduced to the match-makers, its price was $21 per pound ; but the demand for it soon became so great that it had to be manufactured by the ton, and the price quickly fell to $1.25 per pound. Many inventors then entered the field, and matches were sent in shiploads to all parts of the world, 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FEBRUARY, 1894 THE CARE OF A PLANER. By N. A. Curtis, 1n “‘Woop WorkER.” O* entering a mill to run a planer, a new hand should first examine the machine to see that everything 1s all right ; more particularly should he try the bolts that fasten the knives to the cylinder-for, not knowing the circumstances under which the man before him left, there is no telling what damage might be caused by starting it up before examination. Should the knives need grinding, it is a good idea to start the machine and run ita short time, to sind out how it works. While you have it running, get a piece of hard wood that will dress 134 inches thick by two inches wide, about four feet long ; dress it both sides, being careful when running it through the last time to keep it straight in the machine, soas to make it one thickness the entire length. “You can then take the knives off. Before grinding, try them on a knife balancer. Finding the lightest one grind it first, then grind the others to it. A word here to knife makers: If you were more careful in cutting slots, making them all of an even width and depth ; that is, in making a set of knives, either to order or standard size, make all the rest in the set like the first one, it would assist wonderfully in keeping the knives in balance, as they could be ground to an equal width by grinding the narrow one first. When a knife is put on the grinding machine, take the point of a pocket-knife blade and make a mark along the back edge of the knife ; also mark on the slide the position when the knife was ground. It can be taken off and the next one put on, being careful to put the back edge just to the mark made for the first one. Then in grinding care should be taken to only grind enough to bring the marks on the slide together. After grinding, whet the knives to put on a keen edge. If there is none on the cylinder, you should put a single thickness of writing paper under the back edge of each knife, to prevent shavings working under the cutting edge. You may find knives that need more paper than this, but if the cylinder and knives are all right, this is sufficient ; too much paper will cause the bolts to spring the knife and do more harm than good. Before putting the knives on, take the piece you have dressed, cut in two in the centre, put the two pieces on the bed of the machine, under the cylinder, one on either side, about three inches from the end. Having measured the exact thickness of the piece, run the head down or the bed up, as the case may be, until the finger points to a trifle full thickness on the gage. Then put the first knife on, leaving all bolts loose, except the second bolt from each end ; these tighten just enough so you can move the knife by tapping it with a hammer. Then turn the cylinder slowly until the knife touches the pieces or passes over them, being careful not to cut a shaving off. In case it is out too far, by the use of a hammer you can set the knife in or out until both ends just touch the pieces. Then tighten the second bolt from each end as tight as you want it; the rest of the bolts may then be tightened about as tight as the two were when setting the knife. Do not draw each bolt as tight as you want it the first over, but go over them three times, drawing them a little tighter each time until tight enough. You can rest assured that if the knife was straight before on, it is on the cylinder straight. _If you can see the knife touch the pieces, it is best to rub some chalk on them, then set knife to just clean the chalk off. It is a double surfacer, the lower knives can be set by taking a piece about a foot long with one smooth, straight edge, laying it on the back bed plate (that is, the part that receives the lumber after passing over the lower head) and setting knife out until, by turn- ing cylinder forward slowly it will catch the piece and draw it forward not more than 4 inch. , Try the piece on each end of the knife, so the ends will be set alike. Having the knives all set, the next thing to look after is the oil holes. Look the machine over carefully and find themall. Ifthey have plugs in them it is not always safe to trust to the plugs to keep the dirt out, for no matter how careful you are, there will from time to time a little drop in while .you are oiling, and if there is no attention paid to it the hole will become so filled that in putting in the plugs the dirt will be packed so tight in the holes that no oil can get to the bearings. i Should there be no plugs in the holes, whittle some, or have the turner make you some ; but by all means have plugs for all ofthem. Then get a piece of stiff wire, sharpen it at one end, and with this clean the holes out every few days. A whisp broom is a good thing to have handy when oiling, to brush the dirt from around the plugs. Should your belts become loose enough to slip on an ordinary cut, don’t get mad, jerk them off and cut an inch or two out of them the first thing, but use soine judgment. See first if the pulley side is free from dust and dirt. If it is coated with dirt, take it off, get an old plane-bit or broad chisel and scrape the dirt off clean, then put the belt back on and try it ; if it still slips, put a little castor oil on it. Never use resin on a belt, When a belt becomes so loose that castor oil wil! not keep it on the pulley, it is then time to cut it, but don’t cut a belt when you are out of humor with it, for nine times out of ten you will take out too much ; if you had stopped to think how much it needed out, you would have guessed closer. You will be surprised to see how long a belt will run without cutting at all if you will give it a scraping once in a while, keep it clean, and occasionally apply a little castor oil. This renders it pliable and causes it to adhere to the pulleys closely. - Belts should not be allowed to remain strained on the pulleys from Saturday night until Monday morning. Short feed belts should be released from strain every night. It only takes a minute to do it, and lengthens the belt’s life. The operator should have among his tools a sharp hatchet, to cut the lugs from the ends of boards, knock out loose, dead knots and raft pins, etc., before putting the board through the machine. Nor should the care of a machine be confined exclusively to the operator. It should be given a thought outside. The yard fore- man should see that the lumber taken from a pile or shed is not allowed to strike on end on the ground. All hands should be given to understand that there must be a piece of old board laid on the ground for the ends of boards to rest on. If there is no yard foreman, these orders should be given from the office, for one board run into the machine that has the end filled with sand and small gravel, will ruin the knives for nice work until they are ground again. None but an operator who is concerned in the appear- ance of his machine and the nice work that can be done on it, knows the hard work it takes to keep a planer in good running order. JOSIAH ALLEN AS AN EXPERT IN FORESTRY. ALL seein’ we wuz right there, we thought we would pay attention to the Forestry Buildin’. And if I ever felt ashamed of myself, and mortified, I did there ; of which more anon. It was quite a big buildin’, kinder long and low— about two and a half acres big, I should judge. Every house has its peculiarities, the same as folks do, and the peculiar kink in this house wuz it hadn’ta nail or a bit of iron in it enywhere from top to bottom—bolts and pegs made of wood a-holdin’ it together. Wall, I hadn’t no idee that there wuz so many kinds of wood in the hull world, from Asia and Greenland to Jonesville, as I see there in five minutes. Of course I had been round enough to our woods and the swamp to know that there wuz several different kinds of wood—ellum and butnut, cedar and dog-wood, and so forth. But good land! to see the hundred and thousand of kinds that I see here make anybody feel curious, curious as a dog, and made ’em feel, too, how enormous big the world is—and how little he or she is, as the case may be. The sides of the buildin’ are made of slabs, with the bark took off, and the roof is thached with tanbark and other barks. The winder-frames are made in the same rustic, wooden way. The main entrances are made of different kinds of wood, cut and carved firstrate, All around this buildin’ is a veranda, and supportin’ its roof is a long row of columns, each composed of three tree trunks twenty-five feet in length—one big one and the other two smaller. These wuz contributed by the different States and Territories, and by foreign countries, each sendin’ speci- mens, of its most noted trees. And right here wuz when I felt mad at myself, mad as a settin’ hen, to think how forgetful I had been, and how lackin’ in what belongs to good manners and _ polite- ness. Why hadn’t I brung some of our native Jonesville trees, hallowed by the presence of Josiah Allen’s wife? Why hadn’t I brung some of the maples from our dooryard, that shakes out its green and crimson banners over our heads spring and fall? Or why hadn’t I brung one of the low-spreadin’ apple- trees out of Mother Smith’s orchard, where I used to climb in search of robins’ nests in June mornin’s ? Or one of the pale-green willows that bent over my head as I sot on the low plank foot-bridge, with my bare feet a-swingin’ off into the water as I fished for minnies with a pin-hook. The summer sky overhead, and summer in my heart. Oh, happy summer days gone by—gone by, fur-back you lay in the past, and the June skies now have lost their old light and freshness. But poor children that we are, we still keep on a-fishin’ with our bent pin-hooks ; we still drop our weak lines down into the depths, a-fishin’ for happiness, for rest, for ambition, for Heaven knows what all—and now, as in the past, our hooks break or our lines float away on the eddies, and we don’t catch what we are after. Poor children ! poor creeters ! But I am eppisodin’, and to resoom. As I said to Josiah, what a oversight that wuz my not thinkin’ of it ! Sez I, ‘“‘How the nations would have prized them trees !” And sez I. “What would Christopher Columbus say if he knew on’t °” And Josiah sez, “ He guessed he would have got along without ’em.” “ Wall,” sex I, “ what will America and the World’s Fair think on’t, my makin’ such a oversight ?” And he sez, “ He gussed they would worry along somehow without ’em.” “Wall,” sez I, “I am mortified—as mortified asa dog.” And I wuz. There wuzn’t any need of makin’ any mistake about the trees, for there wuz a little metal plate fastened on each tree, with the name marked on it—the common name and the high-learnt botanical name. But Josiah, who always had a hankerin’ after fashion and show, an talked a sight to me about the “ Abusex- celsa,” and the “ Genus-salix,” and the “ Fycus-syca- morus,” and the “ Atractylus-gummifera.” He boasted particular about the rarity of them treés. He said they grew in Hindoostan and on the highest _ peaks of the Uriah Mountains; and he sez, “How strange that he should ever live to see em.” He talked proud and high-learnt about ’em, till I got ~ tired out, and pinted him to the other names of ’em. Then his features dropped, and sez he, “A Norway spruce, a willer, a sycamore and a pine. Dum it all, what do they want to put on such names as them unto trees that grow right in our dooryard ?” ; “To show off,” sez I, coldly, “and to make other folks show off who havea hankerin’ after fashion and display.” He did not frame a reply to me, he had no frame.— From “Samantha at the World’s Fair,” by Josiah Allen’s wife. A MOVING SPIRIT. “What is your line of business?” whispered the editor to a man he was about to introduce to northern capitalists. “T hauls furniture,” huskily came the reply. “Here, gentlemen, continued the editor, ‘ is Mr, Jones‘ one of the moving spirits of our city.” ee « THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 ULL of his usual fire and vigor was Mr. Peter Ryan when I met hima weekago, shortly after his return from Ottawa, where he had been putting in some of his best knocks at the Perley & Pattee lumber sale. Toronto’s Registrar is a well-known character among nearly all classes of the community, in city or out of it. His tall, erect, and always genial bearing makes him a marked man, wherever he may go. A long experience in trade, and especially as a trade auctioneer, has made his name and face familiar to hosts of business men everywhere. Besides who does not know Peter Ryan as one of the cleverest stump speakers in the Province? Everyone may not agree with all that Peter may tell them, though he is a pretty level-headed chap, but they enjoy his talk, nevertheless, and he is as good a knocker, and he has knocked many an opponent out, on the public platform, as when making the knocks ring from his auctioneer’s hammer. Try to trip Peter Ryan up with interruptions from an audience, and if with his ready Irish wit he can- not give as good as one may give him then call my name Dennis. Mr. Ryan takes a very intelligent interest in lumbering operations. The Provincial Government may give him credit for not a little of the success of their last timber sale, when Mr. Ryan was master of ceremonies with the hammer. He has handled this little weapon in not a few other instances where lumber has been the article to be knocked down to the highest bidder. Mr. Ryan did not forget to say that he was an out-and-out free trader “ We want no restrictions in trade,” said he—and of course he would like to see free lumber. % * * * S. W. Osgood, of the Whitehall Lumber Company, of Cheboygan, Mich., has this to say in regard to the lum- -ber business of. Cheboygan and of lumber matters in general: “ Shipments of lumber during the past season from Cheboygan have amounted to 100,000,000, several of the mills are running nights to work up the stock. Lumber operations will be somewhat curtailed both in Canada and other points where Cheboygan mills go for their supply. Alger, Smith & Co. are putting 10,000,000 feet of logs into Spanish river and Georgian Bay, Canada, to be towed to Cheboygan next season. It is estimated 250,000,000 feet of logs were towed from Canada to Michigan points last season, principally to Saginaw, Bay City, Alpena, Cheboygan, and Manistique.” * ¥ *& & Senator Snowball, of Chatham, N.B., is of opinion that free lumber, as given by the Wilson tariff bill, which to all appearance is to become law, will indirectly benefit the north shore of New Brunswick by attracting the trade of the southern ports to the United States and leaving more of the British market for the northern counties, who would be handicapped in the American market by heavy freights. The senator points out that Spain and Mediterranean ports took more of our lumber last year than usual. Last year the Miramichi dealers shipped 6,000,000 feet to Spain, 5,000,000 feet to France and 1,500,000 feet to Africa ports, besides 40,000,000 feet to Great Britain and 31,000,000 feet to Ireland. So far as present trade is concerned this extensive lumberman says it is in an unsatisfactory condition owing to its pre- vailing low prices for fish and lumber. * * * * In answer to the enquiry, “ How is logging this winter ?” Mr. R. Cook, Manager of the South River Lumber Co. (Ltd.), South River, Ont., said, “that operations were being impeded by the heavy snows, and if these con- tinued they would not be able to get out as large a cut as had been anticipated. Mr. Cook’s company have been manufacturing a considerable quantity of shingles. I asked him, if he anticipated that red’ cedar shingles from British Columbia would prove a serious com- petitor in Ontario with white pine shingles. “During the present year,” Mr. Cook replied, “I believe that British Columbia shingles will come into active com- petition with shingles here. There was a fair quantity of these shingles sold in the province last year at about $2.75, as against $2.25 for pine, and so far as my enquiries have gone they have given good satisfaction. But the matter does not give me any gieat concern. | am under the impression that we have lately been cutting up for shingles a grade of white pine that it would have paid better to have manufactured into lumber.” Mr. Cook informs me that United States lumbermen have been active in cutting spruce in the Parry Sound section, and at a loss, he thinks, to our lumber interests. Spruce is one of our best timber resources, but it is not having the protection from the Government that ought to be the case. Hemlock in no inconsiderable quantity is being sacrificed in the northern woods through the farmers destroying the logs for the sake of the bark. The time will come, Mr. Cook believes, when we will see the foolish- ness of this waste. Mr. Cook formerly carried on lumber- ing at Dashwood, in Huron Co., and had been in that section a week ago. In place of an excess of snow there he found mud. Hemlock is now the chief timber in Huron, but it is fast being cut out. There is yet a fair stock of hardwoods. k £ & % Standing fully six feet in height, I would say, and of genial countenance and pleasant manner, is Mr. H. H. Spicer, of Vancouver, B.C., who has been a week or so in the city in the interests of his shingle business. Mr. Spicer is one of the largest red cedar shingle manufac- facturers on the coast. The past year, he says, was not without its vicissitudes in shingle manufacturing in his province. The shingle men of Washington Territory, adjoining, have been in a pretty demoralized condition, and whilst this would not be a fair term to use in speaking of the trade in British Columbia, yet the shingle trade there was also somewhat overdone, and prices broken. I suggested to Mr. Spicer that the newly- organized shingle manufacturers’ association, in connec- tion with which he is a moving spirit, would probably remedy this evil. He replied, “Yes, he hoped so. But, right here, I would like to say,” added Mr. Spicer, “that this association has not any idea of creating a corner, or fixing a combine, in shingles that would unfairly raise prices. All we want is a reason- able profit, and we are not likely to get more than this, as the shingle trade is to-day. A more important object is to protect ourselves against the unwise and reckless cutting that has to some extent been the case in the past. I agree thoroughly with the editorial in the LUMBERMAN of last month, in which you point out that whilst a combine that means an unjust monopoly of trade should be condemned by any sensible man, that at the same time there is also another evil, that in jus- tice to the honest trader needs to be guarded against, viz.: that phase of competition that so ruins prices that the inevitable end is bankruptcy.” Mr. Spicer would like to see free trade in shingles, but does not anticipate that in the meantime, at any rate, British Columbia would reap any direct benefit owing to the overstocked nature of the Washington Territory mar- ket. Mr. Spicer expects Ontario to prove a profitable field for operations in the future. * * * From various interviews and observations that have found a place in this page, it will have been noticed that quite an interest is taken in the question of placing the Red Cedar shingles of British Columbia on the Ontario lumber market. In the judgment of some the plan is unworkable, heavy freight rates, a dearer shingle, and other conditions adding to the unpracticability of the scheme. Then Ontario is the great pine province of Confederation, arid is the natural home of the white pine shingle. The Red brother from the west is looked upon as an intruder on preserves that belong to some one else, forgetful of Bobby Burns’ refrain, that we’re 2’ brothers for a’that. Suggested by considerations of this kind, our friend H. G. Ross, of New Westminster, B. C., has given us his views of the situation from his point of view. This is what Mr. Ross has to say: ‘ The yrowth of the trade in British Columbia red cedar shingles with Ontario is probably worthy of notice and will interest some of your readers. In 1892 probably not more than 20 cars left British Columbia for Ontario, last year it jumped up to about 300 cars, and the trade is now regarded as fairly introduced. Mr. A. Tait, of Orillia, who was in this Province recently, looking up the shingle interests, said that although he had been running his shingle machines night and day in the past, he would make but few pine shingles in future ; he regards our shingles as the com- ing article. Lumber, he said, had in the past fifteen years doubled in value in Ontario, while to-day pine shingles were not bringing any more than they were fifteen years ago. He had made a number of tests and had satisfied himself there was no money in running stock, no matter how poorit was, into shingles. A num- ber of practical tests, he said, were to be made this season by Ontario mill men, and he was convinced the results would surprise many of them. We have heard others express the same opinion as Mr. Tait and are convinced that the only man who has not found this out for himself is the man who does not figure. The British Columbia mill men therefore feel that the invasion of Ontario by British Columbia red cedar shingles need place no hardship on the shoulders of their eastern brethren.. Apart from that,the people are the judges and they recognize British Columbia cedar shingles are the best and will buy them accordingly, so the Ontario pine man may as well govern himself accordingly. Among the comparative points of merit are : Our shingles will last more than twice as long as pine, will shrink and swell less with heat and moisture, consequently are not as hard on the nails ; they are cut from clear stock ; are a wider shingle than pine and can therefore be laid faster and cheaper and will not warp or split when laid. We can show you ont here roofs thirty and forty years old as water tight as when laid. Some of the Ontario people not familiar with red cedar complain of the dark streaks in the shingles. This is purely the nature of the wood, is no indication whatever of rot and occurs just as frequently in live green trees that are sound to the heart as it doesin hollow-hearted trees. The fact that they are kiln dried, we see commented on unfavorably. This is done purely to save freight in precisely the same manner as pine shingles intended for long shipment are dried in Ontario, Michigan, and Wisconsin, and red cedar as it contains no gum and is but very little subject to expansion and contraction with heat and cold will come through a heat without injury that would ruin pine. It has been found that eight to ten days in a hot air kiln at a maximum temperatue of 170 degrees will reduce the weight tolerably well without any injury to the fibre of the wood, and when it is considered that at least $1 per M is saved in freight to Ontario the necessity for kiln drying is apparent. We have too much rain here to dry naturally excepting during three or four months of the year. Most of the mill men here are Ontario lumbermen, many of whom have already put in several years of patient struggling and waiting, realizing that the time must come when this magnificent wood would find a market. There is a total mill capacity in this Province of fully eight hundred million shingles annually. These shingles will probably find their way into every corner in Ontario next season, that is if the consuming public will realize their value and will be willing to pay a price that will enable the manufacturers to pay wages and live, and if the mills can be run to even one half their capacity and dispose of their product it will be much better than they have done yet.’ *+ * * * An interest in the curious is natural to almost every- one. In this respect we are all children, and itis by retaining this simplicity, this readiness to receive, that we can often pick up much that 1s useful. Two tid-bits in the line of lumber, that have come under my notice, I give place to he'e : (1) At Mongtze, in China, there is a timber mine. The trees have been buried under sandy soil toa depth of six to twenty-five feet, and they are well pre- served. Apparently they have been overwhelmed by an earthquake at some immemorial time. They are of the pine trees called “ Nain Hou” by the Chinese, and con- tain a preservative essence, hence the wood is employed in making coffins. (2) In manufacturing some of the smallest wooden articles, millions of feet of timber are annually con- sumed. One match firm is said to be the largest consumer of white pine in the country. A company in Sweden is said to consume several millions of feet of spruce each year in making small turned wooden boxes for druggists. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH —BY— POSHES QOD SUIS, MGS DSVNOWODISL OFFICE. 75 CANADA Lire ASSURANCE BUILDING Toronto, ONTARIO TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION : One Copy: One Years im advance! ne ones sect ne ceeh eee $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ..................ceceeeeees 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION J. S. RoBERTsON, - - - EDITOR. Tue CANADA LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commercef this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing thesc topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give ’ them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetruth. Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SAL” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- wnents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers wl find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. A WORD WITH SUBSCRIBERS, HE current CANADA LUMBERMAWN goes to a large number of subscribers with bill enclosed for subscriptions that fell due at the new year. The amount in most cases is not more than one dollar, and, even where arrears are owing, the indebtedness to the individual is only trifling. But 2,000 such accounts mean anything from $2,000 to $3,000 to the publisher, and money is much needed by him atthe presenttime. It costs a heavy outlay each month to produce a journal of the completeness and charac- ter of the LUMBERMAN. Subscribers, we have reason to believe, appreciate these efforts to give them a first-class trade journal. Our desire is to make further improvements during 1894. Saying this much, we rely upon subscribers responding favorably to the present request to remit promptly the amounts now due. POSSIBLE CAUSE FOR STRIKES. Ir is feared by those who have given some study to the matter, and who are rather more considerate in these affairs than others, that there will be an unusual number of strikes in the wood working trades in the United States so soon as spring trade revives. The cause of this will be in the movement, already being put into operation, to reduce wages, the likely passage of the Wilson bill being made to furnish the excuse for this step. It is stated by those who have been watching these matters from a sociological point of view, that when the duty on lumber was reduced to $1.00 per thousand, the same cry went forth about the destruction of business and the reduction of wages, and yet lumber _in the States has sold for a higher price since the reduction than it ever did before. After the depression of the past six months it would be a thousand pities, if, on the threshold of the spring season, the lumber busi- ness should meet with the set-back of a succession of strikes at different points. If through change in legis- lation, or from other justifiable cause, it becomes need- ful, because of an increase in the cost of production to curtail expenses, at some important point, and wages are brought under the knife, reasonable men will not object to this course. On general principles, however, and we believe the closest observation will verify the fact, wages ought not to be reduced except as a last ‘sometimes in an opposite direction. resort. We would not suggest anything radically soci- alistic in dealing with the wage question, but the more closely employer and employee can come into touch with one another, and the feeling be allowed to grow that there is a mutual interest to be served, fewer strikes will be heard of, and the general welfare of both will be advanced. Contrawise, it is not infrequently the case that employers will make a proposed change in tariff, or other like cause, simply a scarecrow to reduce wages, when as a matter of fact the influence of the change is The Scotch bard was not without an intimate knowledge of human nature when he sung so pathetically of “ Man’s inhumanity to man.” EDITORIAL NOTES. THE large increase in the lumber traffic of Duluth and Superior, contrasted with a steady and growing decrease on Lake Huron and Lake Michigan, furnishes another illustration of the rapid depletion of the forests of this once-great white pine state. Michigan lumber- men are seeking other fields for operation, Canada to wit, as well as Duluth, because the lumber of their own state is vanishing. ACCORDING to a statement furnished by the United States consul general, the value of white pine lumber exported from the Ottawa district to the United States during the December quarter increased from $139,000 to $834,000 as compared with the correspond- ing quarter of 1892; the value of shipments of white pine lumber in bond from this district to the United States for export increased from $59,000 to $96,000. In the export of pickets, shingles, timber and wood pulp, a considerable increase is also shown. THE Oregonian’s “ Handbook of the Pacific Coast” estimates the standing timber of the state of Oregon at 266,893,225,000 feet. The extent of this timber wealth can be appreciated when it is stated that the forests of Minnesota, a great lumbering state, contain only 12,749,- 526,000 feet of lumber, while Michigan, another great lumbering state, contains 100,000,000 feet less timber than is represented in the forests of Coos and Curry counties of Oregon alone. The forests of those two counties cover 1,050,000 acres, and it is estimated that they contain 24,200,000,000 feet of timber. DISCUSSING the subject of evolution in grades the Timberman remarks that “Millmen are very widely divided on the question as to whether the multiplying of grades should be encouraged from their standpoint. Many argue that the fewer grades they sell the better in actual results ; while others, with much _ plausibility, that the more grades there are the better for the manu- facturer as well as the dealer, as with minute grades there is less chance for the wholesaler to profit thereby at the expense of the manufacturer. Certainly, if the manu- facturer wishes to get close to the consumer, and to get all profit out of lumber that there is in it, he must adopt a close system of grading.” THE European consumption of teak for 1893 is given by Denny, Mott & Dickson, of London, Eng., as some 50,000 loads, as compared with an average consumption of some 48,000 loads for the last seven years. In face of a falling off of nearly 32 per cent. in the world’s ship- building of the year, this maintenance of consumption is considered most striking, and points conclusively to the fact that the low prices of the year have helped to force this valuable wood into more general consumption. The growing practice of sheathing war ships with teak has increased the demand for naval purposes, H. M. Admiralty having bought 7,200 loads of teak during the year, and, further, contracted for some 9,000 loads to be supplied within about the next six months. UNDER the most favorable conditions the rafting of logs is beset with many risks. But when something of the magnitude of the Joggins’ experiment is tried, we begin to learn how great are the risks that some men aie prepared to take in this department of work. A FEBRUARY, 1894 recent illustration is given in the case of the scheme of rafting logs on the Pacific ocean during the winter months. What is known as the Coos Bay raft has gone to pieces during a gale off the California coast, and caused severe financial loss to all concerned. It is not improbable that the scheme of rafting logs to San Francisco may be profitably carried out during one or two months of the summer, when there are but few storms, but any attempt to convey logs in the raft during the balance of the year is sure to meet with fail- ure. Unfortunately the Pacific ocean is pacific only in name when it comes to log rafting. IN the agitation that is waged ever and anon for the re-imposition of the export duty on logs going into the United States, the forces in favor do not come alone from lumbermen. The fishermen of the North Shore have all along had a hand in the fight, contending that in the rafting of logs to the Michigan side the bark peels off, injuring the nets of the fishermen of that locality, and besides that, the accumulation of this bark is proving ~ hurtful to fish culture in these waters. An object lesson on these lines is to be seen in Ottawa, there being on exhibition in the office of the Minister of Marine a fish- ing net taken from the waters of Georgian bay, com- pletely interwoven with bark that has peeled off of logs, while being towed from the Canadian side over to Michi- gan. It is likely that if this question should come before the Commons this net will be made to do argument for Mr. Little and those who hold with him for a re-1mposi- tion of log duties. IN the event of the Wilson bill becoming law, and lumber is made free, Mr. R. H. Alexander, manager of the Hasting’s saw mill, Vancouver, B. C., does not anti- cipate that the British Columbia lumber industry will be greatly benefited. Lumber connections with the Puget Sound territories could not bring any gain, for it would be like shipping coals to Newcastle to send lumber there. Business with more distant points, however, he thought, might be increased owing to the superior quality of British Columbia lumber. As to helping prices, Mr. Alexander was of opinion that if the bill passed it would not have that tendency, as the American market was protected by a $2 per 1,000 feet tariff, and which, if taken off, would have the effect through competition from this side, of lowering the present prices asked. As a whole, matters would practically be about the same as at the present time, but a little extra business might be done in disposing of odds and ends and in some lines this Province makes a specialty of. THE past month has been one of several visits of lumbermen to the Parliament buildings here. Elsewhere reference is made to the purpose of at least two of these visiting deputations. A third deputation, and one that gave rise to some unnecessary gossip in the daily press at the time, was composed of Mr. James Conmee, M. P. P. ; Walter Ross, secretary of the Rat Portage Lumber and Milling Company ; Mr. D. C. Cameron and Mr. J. W. Chadwick, president of the Rat Portage Board of Trade. The members of the government present to re- ceive the deputation were Sir Oliver Mowat, Hon. Mr. Hardy, Hon. Mr. Dryden, and Hon. Mr. Harcourt. The conference was of a private nature, and it was this fact, we suppose, that excited the curiosity and widened the imagination of the interposing scribes of the local press. A discussion took place, we believe, in regard to certain fishing rights and privileges affecting the interests of the people in that territory. There is some lack of uniformity in the system of log measurement in the Rat Portage territories from the fact that limits sold by the Dominion Government before the territory came under the ijurisdic- tion of the Ontario Government are under different regulations to those limits sold by the government since then. It was also suggested to the government that it would be in the interests of the local mills to bring on a sale of limits as the mills could to advantage handle morelogs. One daily paper remarks that Mr. Conmee and his friends came out of the conference smiling, and it is taken for granted, of course, that the government must have given some reasonable heed to their wishes, What a tell-tale is the human face ! a & -.< “s wd _ lumbering operations. FEBRUARY, 1894 ‘LH CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 NEWS AND NOTES. F. E. Shaw has purchased the Cooper sawmill, near Elmvale, Ont. A man named Pettyplace, of Greenock, Ont., had his arm broken while engaged sawing logs. Moore & Vandusen’s sawinill at Lion’s Head, Ont., was burned a week ago. Partly insured. Hermann Kemkers, of Hanover, Ont., has 1,000 saw- logs piled up in one pile, and is evidently proad of the feat. The boiler of a steam sawmill, near Eganville, Ont., exploded the other day seriously injuring the engineer, John Possette. John Richardson, of Windermere, Ont., was acci- dentally killed through a falling log striking him on the head and crushing him in a frightful manner. John A. Humphrey’s steam sawmill, about two miles from Moncton, N.B., was burned on the 8th inst. Loss, $15,000 ; no insurance. The mill will be re-built at once. The Cosmopolitan for February introduces a famous European author to its readers—Valdes of Madrid, and the artist, Marold, of Paris, well known as a French illustrator. Robert Riddle has cut near Kincardine, Ont., four logs measuring 2,816 feet, all out of one tree. One log alone, twelve feet long, made 800 feet of lumber. Such a cut in that vicinity is an unusual thing in these days. The Halifax Critic, which is a creditable exponent of the mining, manufactory and commercial interests of the Maritime Provinces is to be hereafter known as the “ Canadian Colliery Guardian-Critic,” giving some atten- tion to the iron and steel trades. Armstrong Bros., Markdale, Ont., are sawing large quantities of elm and maple logs. The timber is said to be exceptionally fine. The elm is made into cheese boxes and fruit baskets, and used throughout Ontario. The maple is cut into mangle rollers, and is shipped chiefly to Liverpool, Eng. A new industry has been started on the Chaudiere in the shape of a factory for the manufacture of material for wooden boxes. It is a little over a month since a Philadelphia firm represented by Mr. Hamilton made arrangement for leasing a portion of the old Grier pro- perty in the rear of Merrill’s foundry. The old forge and other furniture which was at that time in the building has since been removed and a planing machine with several saws substituted. The equipments are now almost ready to commence work. The factory will be under the supervision of Mr. W. S. Mayo, formerly over the E. B. Eddy’s company’s box factory in Hull. All the lumber used will probably be taken trom the Chaudiere piling grounds and will consist for the most part of heavy deal. The lumber will be cut into size for boxes, and will in this shape be shipped to the com- pany’s factory in Philadelphia. The motive power for driving the machinery is supplied by a small waterwheel of fifty horse power. This new industry will give em- ployment to a number of men, and will be advantageous on account of its running all the year round. A deputation composed of Messrs. A. H. Campbell and J. H. Main of the Muskoka Mill and Lumber Company ; Messrs. A. P. Cockburn and J. S. Playfair of the Muskoka Navigation Company ; Messrs. Mickle & Dyment, of Gravenhurst, and Mr. John Waldie waited on the Ontario ereemicnr recently, with reference to the work which the Gilmour Co., are doing at Hollow lake to divert some of the waters to the Gull River waters. The objection is taken to the work of the Gilmour Co. because it is feared that the diversion of the waters in the manner proposed will lower the Muskoka waters, and thus interfere with navigation and The Gilmours have already completed their work at a cost of $50,000, and asked to be given the opportunity for at least one season of de- monstrating that Muskoka interests have nothing to fear. The Free Grant Gazette, commenting on the case, expresses a degree of disappointment over the prospect of seeing such a large quantity of Muskoka pine transported athwart the upper Muskoka and Black waters to the Trent waters, instead of being brought down by the natural waterways of Muskoka. LUMBERMEN DISPUTE. Jee the end of last year an application was made to the Ontario Government for a charter of incorporation of Messrs J. T. Hurst, L. S. Moore, A. H. Fleming, Temple Emerey, Nelson Holland and H. O. Fleming, well-known United States lumbermen, for a company to be called “The French River Boom and Rafting Company, limited.” The objects of the company were to acquire, construct and maintain any and all dams, slides and other works necessary to transmit timber down the French river, to raft upon the said river and adjacent waters, and to widen river, remove obstructions and build boats and other equipments for the purpose of carrying on their business at a proposed cost of $30,000. The capital stock of the proposed company is to be $40,000, and it 1s proposed to bring down the river 10,000,000 feet of lumber each year for five years to come, and to charge a rate of 35c. per 1.000 feet for their services in so doing. When this application was referred to Hon. Mr. Hardy, Commissioner of Crown Lands, several firms interested in the matter strongly opposed its being granted. A week ago a deputation waited on Mr. Hardy in reference to the application. The following firms were represented, either by one of their members or by counsel :—The Beck Manufacturing Co., the Ontario Lumber Co., the Victoria Harbor Co., Burton Bros., the Georgian Bay Co., Cook Bros. and Arthur McLeod. The application was opposed on several grounds. It was stated by the deputation that the application was in reality for a boom and tug company, and not for a tim- ber slide company; that the river did not in any way come under the jurisdiction of the Province, being a naviyable river ; that noimprovements in the river were necessary, and that it was notthe intention ofthe proposed company to improve the river, but that they would simply block the operations of any other company that might not join in with them, and that the proposed cost of the suggested improvements was ridiculously high, as not more than $5,000 could be necessary. The proposed tolls was also described as excessive. The deputation were in consultation with Mr. Hardy for several hours, and the question was very fully dis- cussed. Mr. Hardy promised to look into the matter, and as early as possible to give a decision. B. C. SHINGLES IN ONTARIO. Aes manufacture of red cedar shingles in British Columbia has reached a point where those en- gaged in this branch of lumbering must look beyond the borders of their own province for a market. At home and throughout Manitoba and the Northwest one finds the shingles of this sister province in large demand, relatively, for it must be remembered that the population of these territories has not yet attained a volume where the consumption will run into very large figures. So it is, that we find the shingle manufacturers of the Pacific Coast, looking to Ontario to supply a new field for consumption. Last year fair numbers of these shingles were sold in Ontario, sufficient to pave the way for a larger trade. One manufacturer, pro- bably the largest in British Columbia, Mr. H. H. Spicer, has arranged through Mr. F. N. Tennant, a well-known lumberman of the city, to specially push his red cedar shingles throughout Ontario. Mr. Spicer has spent some time in the city during the past fortnight perfecting arrangements, and his announcements over the name of Mr. Tennant will be found on another page. The price at which these shingles will be sold, for the present, though perhaps not very long, will be close, both for the purpose of introduction, and further because the output of the British Columbia mills is of such a size that to secure a trade low prices becomes necessary. Of the quality and main characteristics of the red cedar shingles nothing needs to be said here as these are points fully discussed elsewhere in the LUMBERMAN pages. THE EBONY TREE. GREAT deal of diference in color exists in the trunk of the exogen between the alburnum and the true wood. In no case is it more apparent than in the ebony tree, for here the true wood is of an intense black, while the alburnum is of a light grey. The contrast between the two is very great, and it is the black part that is so much esteemed as an article of commerce. The deep jet of the ebony has passed into a proverb, and “as black as ebony” is a similitude sometimes heard among us. Ebony is a handsome material for carving and for the manufacture of orna- mental articles, and is most effective when used for inlaying furniture, in contrast with box or other white wood. The rosaries of the Roman Catholics are some- times of ebony; and chess boards and chess men, and rulers, and walking sticks, and numberless fancy goods are made of it. There are several species of the tree growing in different parts of the tropics, and even beyond their range, as far north as Switzerland in the old world, and New York in the new. The centre of the stem, in the ebony, is always of the jetty black we have described, but in varieties of the species it assumes shades of yellow, green and red. It is a forest tree, with hard, dense wood, that gives some trouble to the woodcutter. The branches are rounded, and the leaves entire, mounted on short footstalks. The fruit is pulpy in its nature, and of a roundish shape ; when fully ripe some of the species may be eaten, but in an immature state the juices are acrid and unwholesome. A great deal of ebony timber comes to us from Madagascar, the Mauritius, and other tropical places. But the valuable forests of Ceylon furnish it in the most abundance. They are on the eastern side of the island, and reach as far as the town of Trincomalee, which is situated on a bay of that name. On either hand are found trees of the utmost value ; here is the delicate satinwood, and the tulipwood, and the ironwood, the name of the last denoting its duration and solidity ; it is an ornamental tree, bearing violet-scented buds. XYLOLITH. F< TR4ORDINARY claims are made in Germany for the substance called xylolith, or “wood stone,” a structural material composed of magnesia cement, or calcimed magnesite, mixed with sawdust and saturated with a solution of chloride of calcium. This pasty mass, before the cement sets, is spread into sheets of uniform thickness and subjected to a pressure of more than 1,000 pounds to the square inch. It is made in sheets from Y to 1% inches thick, and of all sizes, the dimensions being almost unchangeable by dryness or moisture. A sheet measuring one meter square when perfectly dry will ex- pand from one to two-tenths of one per cent. when soaked in water, and a moist sheet will contract in drying to about the same extent. Being so little subject to con- traction and expansion, it is considered specially valu- able for floors in railroad stations, hospitals and similar buildings, and for decks of vessels. It is readily planed, sawed, bored and fashioned with ordinary wood-working tools, and may be painted or decorated in the same manner as wood. It is nearly water-proof and may be made entirely so by painting the surface. ROMANCE OF THE SAW. HE saw is a tool of great antiquity, and its invention is attributed to the ancient Greeks in the twelfth century before Christ. It seems that Talus, a grandson of the reigning king and a prolific inventor, reflecting that the statuary of that day was nothing but shapeless blocks having only a faint resemblance to the human form, set to work to produce tools which would enable the artisan to work with greater freedom. He invented the saw, the lathe, the compass and the level. In the saw he noticed the mouth of the serpent, and reproduced the shape of the teeth in iron, and therefore formed the saw. For this invention alone he acquired great fame, so much as to incur the jealousy of the king, who was something of a mechanic himself, and Talus was dis- posed of in true classical style, pitched from the top of a high mountain and buried secretly. For this exhibition of jealousy the king, being found out, fled to the island of Crete, and while waiting for the little ripple in Grecian affairs to quiet down, made himself famous by building the Cretan Labyrinth. From the days of the Grecian king Deedalus and Talus the history of the saw is in a vague condition, but ancient pictures have frequent representations of it, and even in prints of the building of the ark this tool finds its corner. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FEBRUARY, 1894 OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] N event of the month in lumber circles here has been the sale by public auction on 24th inst. of some 1,300 miles of timber limits, the property of Perley & Pattee. Your jovial citizen, and clever knight of the hammer, Peter Ryan, was master in control. The sale, which took place at the Russell House, was made necessary, as your readers likely know, by the death of the late W. G. Perley. The sale brought together a large representation of lumbermen and capitalists from various parts of the Dominion, and some, though not a numerous contingent, of United States lumbermen. Taken altogether the sale was a success. Particulars are as fol- lows :— Parcel No. 1, 96 square miles on the Kippewa river, Quebec, was sold to Mr. J. C. Browne, of Ottawa, at $160 a mile. Parcel 2, comprising 47 miles on the Kippewa, was sold to Mr. Browne for $450 a mile. Parcel No. 7, 235 miles on River Coulonge, was sold to Messrs. Fraser & Bryson for $890 a mile. Parcel 8, comprising 104 miles on Lake Temiscamingue, Ont., was bought by Messrs. Bronson, Weston & Co. for $500 a mile. No. 3.—37 miles, Bonnechere, sold to W. C. Edwards, $500 per mile. No. 4—100 miles, River Dumoine, sold to Mason & Son, $100 per mile. No. 5—115 miles, Black river, sold to Hon. P. White, $30 per mile. No. 6—200 miles, Black river, sold to W. C. Edwards, at $170 per mile. No. 9—191 miles, Petewawa, sold Hawkesbury Lumber Co., at $45 per mile. No. 10—212 miles, Petewawa, sold Hawkesbury Lumber Co., at $55 per mile. Prominent among those who took part in the sale may be named: Messrs. W. C. Edwards, Rockland Ont. ; E. Whitney, Minneapolis; James D. Klock, Klock’s Mills ; W. C. Chadwick, W. C. Cameron, and W. Ross, Rat Portage ; James Gillies, Carleton Place; C. McLachlan, Arnprior ; John and George Bryson, Fort Coulonge ; Peter White, Speaker of the House of Commons; A. Fraser, of Westmeath.S LARGE CONTRACTS FOR LUMBER, Activity in the lumber trade during the month has been further shown by the closing of a number of large contracts for lumber to be cut by the mills in Ottawa and vicinity during 1894. These were completed by representatives of Quebec and English houses. Among the buyers are Messrs. Sharple & Co., of Quebec, represented by Mr. William Power ; Dobel, Beckett & Co., represented by Mr. Evans; Mr. R. M. Cox, of Liverpool ; Brussell & Co., of Quebec, represented by Mr. Billingsley ; and Messrs. E. Harper Wade, of Quebec, and Alex. McArthur, of Toronto. The purchases include the out- put of deals from the mills of Messrs. J. R. Booth, Gilmour & Co., the Hawkesbury Lumber Company, and Messrs. Buell, Hurdman & Co. The cut of the mills owned by W. C. Edwards & Co. is not yet sold. The value of the sales will aggregate $2,500,000. It is reported that Messrs. Skillings, Whitneys, and Barnes have purchased the full cut of the Mc- Lachlin mills at Arnprior, aggregating about 60,000,000 feet of lumber, the value of which will reach $900,000. It is stated that at least four millions of dollars’ worth of lumber has been sold in Ottawa for export during the past two weeks. Usually, the sales of a season’s cut extend over several months, but this year they have all been made within a few days. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. A large gang of millwrights are at work on the annual repairs in connection with Buell, Hurdman & Co’s. two saw- mills. The principal work to be done is around the old mill where the machinery has become more or less worn out with many years service. A number of teams are at present engaged hauling logs which were carried over the Chaudiere Falls in the heavy floods of last spring back from where they have been piled at Water’s ship yards to the gap above the E. B. Eddy company’s paper mills. The logs are selling to Buell, Hurdman & Co. and will be sawn by that firm next spring. A private letter received in Ottawa states that George O’Hara, of this city, who has been four years lumbering in British Columbia, was held up with two gentlemen from Toronto, and robbed of $2,000, a $175 gold watch and a diamond ring. O’Hara was on his way to Sydney from Victoria to pay a number of ‘workmen he had in the lumber busi- ness. : , Various estimates of the winter’s cut are made from time to time. The general opinion is that the cut will about equal near Coleman. that of last season, although the operations of some of the con- cerns will not be as extensive, as they have a good stock of last winter's logs still on hand. The Rathbun Company will turn out about the same quantity of logs as last year ; W. C. Edwards & Co. will also cut about the same. The estate of Ross Bros , the McLaren estate, the Ottawa Lumber Company and J. R. Booth will take out about the same num- ber of logs as last season. The operations of. Gilmour & Hughson will be somewhat restricted. The David Moore Lumber Company will take out one raft of square timber and logs from its Kippewa limits. The Hawkesbury Lumber Company will reduce its cut about one-third. Orrawa, Can., Jan .26, 1893. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HE Wilson tariff bill is being keenly discussed by lumber- men here. The lumbermen of Washington and Oregon territory, are, with a few exceptions, opposed to lumber being made free, but in contending against this proposition they unconsciously pay a high complement to the excellence of B. C. lumber. original form, is that B. C. lumbermen will invade California, and because of the superiority of our lumber they will be able What is feared most, if the measure passes in the to capture the trade. COAST CHIPS. Stokes, Shooks and McTaggart have taken over Purdy’s mill at Mission City. The Pacific Coast Lumber Co. have just completed a good and commodious Dry Kiln, replacing the orfe lately destroyed by fire. R. H. Alexander, manager of the Hastings mill, Van- couver, has been appointed Consul for Peru at the port of Vancouver. C. M. Beecher, of B. C., M. T. &. T. Co., and John Wilson, of Brunette Mills, have just returned from business trips to Eastern Canada. About forty men are now employed in the construction of the Burrard Inlet Red Cedar Company’s mill, at Port Moody. It is expected to be running this spring, and will be most modern in every point and detail, including the machinery. A piece of oak cut on Pitt Meadows, was brought to the city a few days ago by James Fox, of Coquiltam. It will be news to many that oak flourishes on the lower Mainland. The tree from which the piece was taken was of recent growth. The B. C. Iron Works Co. are now engaged in building a 7-foot Kendall band mill for the Red Cedar Lumber Mill at Port Moody. These mills are spoken of as being specially well adapted for cutting the heavy cedar and fir of the Pacific Coast. The celebrated cigar shaped raft at Coos Bay, Oregon, is slowly breaking up and all efforts to tow the big mass out of the bay are futile. It isimpossible to manage the raft while tow- ing and it will probably be necessary to construct three or four rafts from it in order to save the timber. It is reported in mill circles that the Royal City Planing Mills branch of the M. T. & T. Co., this city, have contracted to supply an Ontario dealer with 15,000,000 cedar shingles during the next six months. This issaid to be the largest order of the kind ever seen in British Columbia, and no less than 100 cars will be required to carry the shingles to their destination. The outlook for the shingle trade in 1894 is brighter than for several years past. New WESTMINSTER, B.C., Jan. 22, 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HE manufacture of elm hoops for sugar, pork and flour barrels has grown into a large industry in some parts of Michigan. There are five hoop mills on the Saginaw river, the cut of which in 1893 amouted to 75,000,000. H. Seeley operates a hoop mill at Beaverton, and the Michigan Lining & Hoop Company, of Coleman. A new stave and hoop mill is being built by Hecox & Co., at Coleman; and Geo. Fiege, of Saginaw, operates a mill at Gaylord. There are also a few others in horthern Michigan. Elm logs last winter brought $6 to $8 and are about $1 a thousand less this season. Large quantities of elm logs are also consumed in the manufacture of staves. The stock of hoops cut last season was pretty well sold up. There is a large quantity of elm timber in this section of the state. A few years ago it was considered of little value, but the development of the hoop and stave industry has put a good value on this timber. The Hecox Company, of Toledo, recently paid $10,000 for the elm timber on 2,500 acres of land The stave men just now are concerned over the Wilson-bill not feeling sure how it is going to strike them. It is confidently believed, at least in Menominee, Mich., that the Kirby-Carpenter Company of that city, is the heaviest pro- ducer of white pine lumber in North America, if not in the world ; and there is but one lumber concern in the United States in any line that exceeds it in the actual number of feet, though by no means equal to it in the value of the product. The Kirby-Carpenter Company last year cut a total of 114,617,- 297 feet of lumber and 23,147,000 shingles. There was on hand at their docks January Ist, 1894, 51,617,297 feet of lum- ber, of which 21,342,827 was sold awaiting water shipment, mainly to the east, while about 4,000,000 is destined for Chicago. The shingles on hand at the same time amounted to 9,715,000, while the logs in the boom scaled the insignificant total of 1,472,000 feet. BITS OF LUMBER. Fisher & Turner, of Bay City, will harvest 20,000,000 feet of Georgian Bay logs this winter. C. C. Barker, of Bay City, is cutting 20,000,000 feet of logs this winter, and will run his mill for all there is init for 1894. The Saginaw Lumber & Salt Company is harvesting as many logs in the Georgian Bay country this winter as it did last. E. M. Fowler, of Chicago, and Arthur Hill, of this city, sailed from New York, January 27th, on an extended European tour. Three carloads of the pine were recently started from Saginaw on a long journey to Buenos Ayres, via New York, and-from Buenos Ayres it is destined for transportation 150 miles into the interior. The lumber was shipped hy the Saginaw Lum- ber & Salt Company. At the annual meeting of the stock-holders of the A. W. Wright Lumber Company directors were elected as follows: A. W. Wright, E. P. Stone, C. H. Davis, W. T. Knowlton, A. D. Smith, Saginaw; O. D. Witherell, Chicago. A. W. Wright was elected president, C. H. Davis, vice-president, W. T. Knowlton, secretary and treasurer. E. Andrews says that he is feeling the effect of the business depression in his shingle trade, having sold 400,000 shingles the other day at 50c. a thousand less than he sold for in October. He says shingles are now selling at $2and $3. His mill cut 11,000,000 last season ; he has 1,200,000 on hand, and is putting in a stock of logs for another season’s run. Loggers in this district are rather in despair because of the warm and moist weather, causing the woods and swamps to be redolent with mud and water. Cold weather is greatly needed and unless it comes the loggers will fail in their expec- tations. A good many logs in the aggregate are on the skids, ~ but not many have been hauled. There is no demand of con- sequence for labor and there will not be until the weather freezes up. Loggers are paying from $8 to $18 a month, and have experienced no trouble in getting all. the help they want. Lumber sales are said to be slow at Bay City, and collections are reported slow, although credits are closely scrutinized. Logs are coming in by rail for several concerns, and a number of lumbermen are giving attention to logging matters here and in Canada. The streams tributary to Saginaw will furnish very few logs another season, probably not to exceed 100,000,000 feet in all, if that many. The last season only 14,000,000 feet came out of the Rifle river. No logs were left in the stream at the close of operations. : SAGINAW, Mich., Jan. 27, 1894. TRADE NOTES. The survival of the fittest applies more to the manufacturing and producing of satisfactory oils than to almost anything else we know of. A satisfactory oil is a thing to be prized. No one except an engineer, or one who has charge of lightning running machinery, can appreciate an oil that will do the work and keep the bearings cool, as against an oil that comes a little short, that can’t quite do the work, costs a little less but takes double the quantity and keeps everybody nervous, fearing stoppages and delays caused by hot boxes, cut outs, etc. There is no further any uncertainty about oils.” Long practice and experience have come to the aid of Samuel Rogers & Co., together with their ample means and facilities for manufactur- ing and selling oils of all grades, places them at the head ofthe list in this line. Their oils have undoubted merit. They are careful, painstaking, reliable people ; their great aim being to produce the best quality possible in every grade, from the cheapest black oil, to the finest engine and cylinder oil. They have made a special study of the various grades required for all the various uses, and especially sawmill uses, and have pro- duced heavy, strong oils that are prizes for heavy work. We can say to our friends that they can depend on the goods they buy from this company, they are solid. See their advt. in this issue of the LUMBERMAN. Se ae ea Shs ope Rr em | ae > Sa Fepruary, 1894 THE NEWS. -CANADA, —James N. Howard intends erecting a sawmill near Exeter, Ont., at an early day. —Lumber at the rate of ten to twelve loads a day is reach- ing Thistle station, Ont. —The new shingle mill, of Jas. Thompson, Terrawoon, Ont., is about completed. —Alex. McLaren has rémoved the machinery in his sawmill at Snow river to Cobden, Ont. —Snow is abundant in New Brunswick, at least two or three feet, and other big storms coming. —Jas. Macaulay, lumber merchant. South Indian, Ont., has assigned to A. Mutchmer, Ottawa. The Gillies Bros. Company, limited, of Ottawa, has been incorporated with a capital of $200;000. —David Campbell’s sawmill, at Inverhuron, Ont., is now running with a cqnsiderable force of men. —G. G. Scovil is cutting a large amount of lumber in Kings county to be brought to St. John by rail for shipment. —McCrae & Son, of Everett, Ont., sawmill men, propose going extensively into the manufacture of lath this season. —Clark Bros.’ property on West side St. John’s harbor, N.B., has been sold by auction, realizing $2,000. Wm. Barnhill is the purchaser. —A. Growberger & Co., and Chas. Laundrie & Co., two new firms, are carrying on lumbering operations on the south branch of the Petewawa river. ; —Wylie Bros., at Saginaw. Mich., will change their shingle mill into a band sawmill. They have closed a deal for a ten years’ log supply from the Canada shore. —C. W. Batreek & Son, of Midland, Ont., are going to build a large shingle and tie mill at Bying Inlet, Ont., and have it ready to commence cutting June Ist, 1894. —Gilmour & Hughson will take out about 300,000 logs from their limits this winter, and calculate to saw next summer 2,000 a day in their Hull Point mill, and 3,000 in the Chelsea mills. —Jos. Biette has rented the saw mills at Scone, Ont., and in the spring will erect a large cheese-box and heading factory and sawmill combined, on site of the one lately purchased by Krug Bros. —The Brunette Sawmill Company, B.C., have, it is said, bought out the business of the Shoal Bay Lumber Syndicate and intend commencing logging operations there almost immediately. —The explosion of a portable sawmill engine near St. Catharines, Ont., a few weeks ago, so shook the city, that the residents at once concluded, that an earthquake had visited them and so proclaimed it to the world. —Ottawa lumber dealers say that the excellent prices cbtained for timber limits at the sale of the Perley & Pattee property on Wednesday are due to the prospects of the abolition of the United States duty upon sawn lumber. —An indication of how the shingle business has been over- done in New Brunswick is shown in the fact that W. A. Hick- son, of Newcastle, who two years ago changed his lumber mill to a shingle mill is now changing back again. »—The Quebec Chronicle says that the ship ‘‘ White Rose,” 1,500 tons, and the barque ‘‘ Prince Eugene,” 1,300 tons, have been chartered to load timber at that port next spring. The rates are said to be 19s. 3d, for Liverpool, 18s. for Belfast and 17s. for Greenock. —The spool mill erected by Clark, Skilling & Co., at New- castle, N.B., is now in operation, employing a large crew. The spool mill at Oyster river, near Chatham, owned by McAiton, has been enlarged and is also in operation. A larger amount than usual of spool wood is being manufactured on the Mira- michi, for the British market, chiefly to Scotland. —Mr. J. Morrow, C. P. R. ticket agent for Eastern Ontario, is given as authority for the statement that the Hawkesbury Lumber Co., has just engaged over one hundred and fifty men from the vicinity of Little Metch, Rimouski county, Quebec, to work in their mills in Hawkesbury next summer. The men have hitherto been engaged in the fisheries along the coast of the gulf of St. Lawrence and work in lumber mills will be an altogether new industry to them. —The News-Advertiser, Vancouver, B.C., says that shingle bolts cost $4 to $4.50 per cord, and that it cost $1.30 per thousand to produce shingles, the very lowest price at which they can be put on board the cars at Vancouver being $1.50 per thousand. At Tait’s mill the wages paid are $1.50 and $1.65 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN : per day ; while at Spicer’s mill they range from $1.50 to $2 per day. The latter firm employs sixteen white men and a number of Chinamen in the mill, but in the woods their hands are all white men. —A Saginaw dispatch says: J. T. Hurst will have 70,000,000 feet of Canada logs, but he could not tell for the life of him if he will be able to find a market for them. One of his jobbers has 27,000,000 feet on skids, and is now hauling them to the water. Fisher & Turner are putting 20,000,000 feet into the Wahnapitae. J. W. Howry & Sons are putting 20,000,000 feet into Georgian bay waters, and the Holland- Emery Lumber Company, Saginaw Lumber & Salt Company, C. K. Eddy & Sons, Bliss and others operating with him, are putting in from 15,000,000 feet each and upward. Several Bay City firms not named are also putting in stock there. GENERAL. —Over 40,000,000 trees have been planted in Switzerland in seven years in the effort to ‘ reforest ” the country. —The tallest tree on earth is perhaps a gum tree, Eucu- lyptus regnans, recently discovered in Australia. It is 415 feet high. —The output of the Saginaw river lumber mills for the past season will approximate 630,000,000 feet, against 708,- 000,000 feet in 1892. —The forest area of the civilized world is 1,286,824,000 acres divided as follows : Europe, 766,824,000 ; United States, 380- 000,000 ; East India, 140,000,000 acres. —The strongest timber known is the ‘‘ Bilian” or Borneo ironwood, whose breaking strain is 1.52 times greater than that of English oak. By long exposure it becomes of ebony black- ness and immensely hard. —What looks like a case of murder, the victim being a lumberman in Newfoundland, is recorded in the press of that colony. ‘An altercation took place at Exploits between Appleton Cleaves, foreman of Mr. Phillips’ lumbering teams, and a man named Cater, a book-keeper for the same gentleman. It was all about a boat, alleged to have been owned by Cleaves and taken by Cater unlawfully. After quarrelling for some time, Cleaves struck Cater, and he picked up a heavy auger, and in retaliation struck his opponent two blows on the head with it. €leaves fell stunned and was taken to his quarters in a half-stupefied condition. Cleaves was an elderly man and had been engaged in the lumbering business in Newfound- land for nearly twenty years. He was a native of the State of Maine and was born near Portland. He was married, and his wife, who is very wealthy, resides at Passadumkeay, in that State. He proposed giving up the business and return- ing home this year.” ooo FIRES AND CASUALTIES. FIRES. —Vaughan’s sawmill, situated near the C.P.R. station, Chatham, Ont., was burned on Ist inst. Loss, $3,000. No insurance. —S. S. Armstrong & Co.’s new steam sawmill and shingle mill, Cranbane, Que., was totally destroyed by fire a few weeks ago. No insurance. —The sash and heading factory and planing mill with dry kiln, of Lawrence & Son, Watford, Ont., was destroyed by fire on the Ist inst.. The loss is heavy with an insurance of only $1,600. CASUALTIES. —Geo. Wilson had his two legs badly jammed between logs, while working at a lumber camp back of Orillia —Samuel Draper was killed by a falling log while at work at Mickle & Dyment’s camp, nezr Draper township, Ont. —A man named Patrick, living near Ratho, Ont., was killed on rst inst. while hauling logs, becoming pinned under several large logs. —Thos. McLaughlin, of Norval, Ont., was killed instantly while sawing a tree, which becoming lodged between two others, sprung back, striking him in the temple. —While John Saunders, of Markdale, Ont., was tightening down the cap on the manhole of a boiler in a sawmill the cap blew off, striking Saunders in the breast and killing him instantly. The body was fearfully scalded with steam and hot water. PERSONAL. John McMurty, lumber merchant, Port Hope, Ont., died suddenly a fortnight ago of apoplexy. J. B. Klock, of Klock & Co.,lumbermen, is spoken of as the Conservative candidate for Nipissing at the next election. The death took place on 12th Jan., of Mr. Wm. Merrill, a partner with Mr. H. Vari, in a large saw and planing mill, in Norwich, Ont. The sudden death of Mr. Duncan McRae, of New West- minster, B. C., took place a fortnight ago. a timber inspector for the Provincial Government. The deceased was He had been a resident of the Province for twelve years, and been engaged in lumbering operations in one shape or another the larger part of his lifetime. knew him. He was highly esteemed by all who QUEBRACHO WOOD. UEBRACHO wood is of a blood-red color, very bright when freshly cut. It is found in great abundance in large forests in North Argentina. The wood so far has only been appreciated in Europe by tanners, as it contains a large proportion (said to vary from fifteen to twenty per cent.) of its weight in tannin, to the presence of which has been ascribed its extraordinary durability. It is stated that when, for the purpose of extending railways in the province of Santa Fe, posts which had surrounded grazing inclosures were taken up, the wood, though having been for one hundred and fifty years, and sometimes longer, in ground alternately parched by great heat or sodden by tropical rains, appeared to be in as good condition as though recently cut. suitable for railway ties, on account of its stability, durability The wood is especially and weight, and by its freedom from attacks by insects. It weighs about seventy-eight pounds per cubic foot, does not ‘decay, and is not compressible, so that holes must be bored clear through the wood, and equal to the diameter of the bolts. . PAVING BLOCKS OF BLAST FURNACE SLAG. BOUT twenty years ago it was discovered by a Mr. Wood- ward that blast furnace slag run into an iron mold and annealed would make an exceedingly tough block suitable for road paving, much cheaper than granite or any other stone. The manufacture of these blocks is now carried on in England, and has become a staple industry. The total product is a present about 100,000 blocks per week, of a value of about $3.25 perton. The process of manufacture is as follows :—The slag, when of suitable quality, is run into a ladle; from this it is poured into cast iron moulds secured to the perhiphery of a horizontal wheel. Each mould has a hinged bottom. The wheel is slowly rotated, and the bottom of the molds are The blocks, molten inside, but solid at the surface, drop upon a soft bed of granulated slag, and are quickly removed and stacked in an annealing stove. When full, the doors of the stove. are closed, and the blocks are allowed to anneal themselves without extraneous heat. In about eight hours the doors are opened and the blocks with- drawn. They are then fit for use. Without annealing they released in succession. would soon crumble to pieces from internal stresses. The blocks are in great demand for street paving, not only locally, but also foreign towns where they can be conveyed by water. HEATING IRON IN COLD WATER. T would now seem as though the common, but time-honored blacksmith’s forge, and all other kinds of fiery furnaces, will become extinct and live only in the memory of a rapidly- receding past. The forge and furnace of the future will consist of a lead-lined glass or porcelain vase or cupola filled with cold acidified water, to which is connected a strong positive con- ductor. A pair of tongs with insulated handles attached to a flexible negative conductor are also provided, making the new forge and outfit complete. The smith seizes the piece of iron he wishes to manipulate with the insulated tongs and plunges it into the sour water, which begins to boil and bubble the instant it comes in contact with the iron, which, in a remarkable short space of time, turns to a red and then toa white heat, ready for the work of the smith. So rapidly is the heating done, that the water and the portion of the iron not immersed in the water is but slightly warmed. The principle involved in this process is the same as in incandescent electric light. heat. It is said that enormous heat can be produced by the method, much greater than is necessary to extract the iron from the most refractory ores. Like all, or nearly all, of the late practical applications of electricity, this discovery will no doubt lead to marvelous results in the perfect and rapid handling of heavy iron and steel plates and bars that have to be hammered and welded, and more valuable still for tempering purposes, as the required heat for the immersed portion can be quickly obtained, while the Resistance produces the light and remaining portion is kept comparatively cool, which cannot be done by present methods. By electricity we live and move, and by electricity some of us die. —Mechanical News. se THE CANADA LUMBERMAN GANADA’S LUMBER TRADE IN 1893 Review of the Business of the year. A RETROSPECT. Nee year 1893 was one of much anxiety to business men of all branches of trade, and in almost all parts of the world. It is very generally conceded, we believe, that in the United States and Great Britain, the financial depression was much more severely felt than here, and is apparently proving of longer duration. In other parts of the world, particularly, in Australia, com- mercial disaster in some of its severest forms has taken possession of the people, and it will yet be some time, we fear, before trade in that colony will have recovered itself. It would be a strange phenomenon, if, with financial depression so wide spread, Canadian lumber, which finds a market in almost all parts of the world, was not measurably affected. Perhaps this stringency was the more felt by the timber trades of Canada from the fact that the year 1893 opened with many indications of a largely increased trade and at prices that would certainly have proved pleasurably remunerative. This view of the situation was reflected in interviews with prominent Canadian lumbermen in the early part of the year, some of the most cautious taking as hopeful view of the outlook at that period as was the case with others mentally built on a more sanguine plan. No one seemed to doubt that the trade would show a large increase over 1892, for the stocks of lumber on hand were very light, and values were steadily advancing. The mills of the Ottawa and the Georgian bay Terri- tories opened with a large staff of hands in anticipation of a good trade. Presently the clouds began to gather. The silver difficulties caused serious disturbance in monetary ‘circles in the United States, and almost, as like a bolt out ofa clear sky, we began to hear of this -bank and another ¢losing its doors, and for a few months, at least, a panic sharp and severe overtook business of every kind. Representatives of Canadian lumber firms, who had experienced no difficulty in finding customers for their lumber, were suddenly brought up with a short stop. Our lumber was wanted, but the one story was told in every ear. Money could not be had from the banks and consequently business could not be done. The pil- ing grounds at all leading points in place of being bare, as had been the case the early part of the year, were now uncomfortably crowded with lumber. Lumbermen, generally, had, in fact, reached the point of not wishing to do business, considering it safer to hold on to their lumber than give it out where only paper was to be given in exchange, much of which was not negotiable, and nearly all of which was surrounded with doubt and uncertainty. This was the condition of the lumber trade in Canada, as well as the United States, throughout the early sum- mer of 1893, and which so continued, though in less aggravated form, along until the year had finally passed into the archives of the past. This remark, however, ought to be made, that whilst the depression in trade in the United States left its marks in Canada, at the same time the strain here was not as severe as there. As a matter of fact no serious failures occurred in the Canadian lumber trade in 1893, where not a few lumber- men of some importance and size across the border went to wreck within this period, unable to bear the continued strain put upon them. Trade in lumber was likewise affected during the year by the slow moving features of business in the United Kingdom and other foreign points of export. It is doubtless true that very much.was not expected of lumber in these places, from the fact that trade had been experiencing one continued series of set-backs for a long period of time. If it was not a London carpen- ters’ strike, then things were all awry with dock men, and when the seat of trouble was not there it was some- where else. Still the lumbermen of the United Kingdom had hoped that there was to be an end to these condi- tions, and we on this side of the Atlantic were not with- out expectations of improved trade as an outcome of this hope. In Australia, of course, the bottom fell com- pletely out of trade, and little lumber business was done. Things were not so bad in South America, and later in the year there were encouraging signs of im- provement, but taking the year throughout only a fair trade was done with these points. And yet, whilst conditions throughout 1893 dis- appointed hopes and expectations that had taken strong possession of the breasts of Canadian lumbermen, when they entered into the activities of business in the early spring, still this disappointment can only be temporary. As a Canadian lumberman remarked to the writer a few days since lumber in Canada is gold. The lumber trade has reached a point where any man holding Can- adian timber need not fear any depreciation in its value. Where the sacrifices will come in, if anywhere, is in an injudicious or ill-advised disposition of these resources, a penny turned to-day , only at the sacrifice of a pound a little later on. But much of this kind of business need not be feared at the hands of Canadian lumbermen. They know pretty well what they are doing. ONTARIO. What we have already said in this review of the situation, taking the lumber field generally, applies quite fittingly to the Province of Ontario. Here, more than in some other provinces, the boom of early spring was actively felt. There had been a large cut in the woods and the drives came along in good shape. Mills started up with a strong force of men cutting. Lumber was much needed, for the piling grounds were devoid of almost any stocks. As a matter of fact there was so strong a confidence in the lumber situation, that large orders for lumber had been placed before the saw had, in many cases, touched the logs. Prices were not only firm, but for white pine in particular, were steadily ad- vancing. It may be that this condition of the situation was inadegreeabnormal. Somethinkso. Atany rate there was no difficulty in placing sales for Ontario lumber at profitable quotations, until the financial depression seized our neighbors to the south of us. Then trade began to shrink, stocks piled up, and sales were comparatively few. The figures of the cut of 1893 would have run into large numbers, but the unexpected always happens, and a season that opened out unusually propitious, closed with dulness and inactivity as a prominent feature. Opinions vary as to the probable effect of the present depression upon work in the woods this winter. It had been supposed, at the commencement of the logging season, that the cut would fall considerably short of that of a year ago, but from reports that have come into our hands the indications point to a moderately large cut. How well the logs will be got forward, having once been cut, is yet problematical. We hear of an over abundant supply of snow in some quarters hindering operations, whilst at other points work is retarded be- cause of too little snow, mud and water being the substi- tute. It is always a matter of concern how the drives will come along when spring once opens. QUEBEC Returns from the Supervisors of Cullers’ office at the port of Quebec do not record a trade of encouraging size for 1893. Of white waney pine there was only 2,- 460,541 feet measured and culled as compared with 2,659,166 feet in 1892 ; 1,120, 697 feet of white pine, as compared with 2,310,081 feet in 1892 ; 393,391 feet of red pine, against 392,196, feet in the previous year ; 573,079 feet of elm, against 198,806 feet ; 158,285 feet of ash, against 198,806 feet, 140,909 feet of birch and maple, against 425,927 feet. In the item of oak alone there was an increase, the figures being 1,150,087 feet for the present year, as against 915,913 feet last year. BRITISH COLUMBIA. Commercial records show that the lumber trade of British Columbia ran into large figures for 1893. A lead- ing Vancouver firm, in order to keep up with the demand, found it necessary for a considerable period to make double shifts by day andnight. A great deal of shipping was also done there being gathered in the main harbor towards the close of the year the most numerous lumber- ing fleet on local record. But as Commerce, of Van- couver, has pointed out a large volume of trade does not always carry with it large profits. Says this journal : —*eai1”6 FEBRUARY, 1894 “Trouble in Southern America and depression in Australia caused much of a large output to be sold to little profit. Over competition did similar detriment to the shingle trade. Quite a number of the smaller loggers, moreover, assigned during the year, and lumberers of this class now loudly demand in what they declare to be absolutely necessary self protection, the appointment of a Government log scaler, who shall authoritatively esti- mate the cubical contents of the logs, for which purchasers at the mill must pay.” Taking British Columbia interests, however, as a whole, during 1893, they compare most favorably with, and were maintained on a far sounder basis than was the case in the neighbor- ing State of Washington, where, as a result of reckless over competition in falling markets—by men and com- panies having in many cases insufficient capital— slaughter sales were general, insolvency frequent and demoralization in the ascendant. The establishment of the new fast steamship service between Vancouver, * Victoria and the Australian Continent, should, more- over, give an immense early impetus to our lumber industries, by affording them ready access to a great, albeit at present, a temporarily depressed market, which has hitherto been mainly held and controlled by the lumber exporters of the United States. A close estimate places the cut of logs in British Columbia for 1893 at 120 million feet, of which 3 million were sold and shipped to Washington mills. MARITIME PROVINCES. For the very full information given below, touching the lumber trade of the Maritime Provinces for 1893, we have to thank Mr. J. B. Snowball, the well-known lumberman, of Chatham, N. B. The winter of 1892-3 proved the most favorable for log-getting of any we have had for many years, con- sequently we have had a much larger output for the force employed, than we anticipated. Spring freshets were poor, and driving expensive. About ten millions superficial feet of logs were left in the brooks. Notwithstanding the favorable season the export from this port fell off twelve millions superficial feet from last year. And while the exports from St. John were ten millions more than in 1892, still the exports for the Province show a decrease of thirteen millions. The’ increased export from Nova Scotia is caused by the ex- cessive quantity of birch deals shipped from that Province. The present winter is the most severe experienced for twenty years. Snow is now deeper all over Eastern Canada than at any time last winter. Operations in this district were entered into on a limited scale, and with an anticipated production of 25 per cent. less than last year, but the severe weather is likely to reduce the pro- duction below the estimate, and next year’s export from this port must be small. The proposed United States tariff, if adopted for wood goods, will have an indirect beneficial effect on the trade of this section of New Brunswick. Freight rates from Eastern New Brunswick to the United States ports are so high in comparison with those from St. John and Bay of Fundy ports, that our trade in that direction is about nil, excepting in laths and shingles, but under the pro- posed tariff the export of a considerable portion of the southern and western portions of this Province is likely to be attracted to American ports, leaving more of the trans-Atlantic trade to be supplied from this section. France, Spain and Mediterranean ports have taken a larger portion of our exports this year than formerly, and if the “ favored nation ” treaty is ratified, as it will pro- bably be at once, between France and Canada, a larger portion of our export is likely to go to that country, to the great relief of the English market, and with a fair prospect of better prices for spruce. The stock of merchantable deals wintering here is 7,600 St. Petersburg Standards, against 7,000 Standards last year and 11,000 Standards in 1891. Logs are 4,000 Standards against 3,000 last year. SHIPMENTS FROM MIRAMICHI FOR I2 YEARS, FROM 1882 TO 1893, INCLUSIVE. 1882—117 millions 1886— 72 millions 1890—88 millions 1883—149 ‘* 1887— 68 ‘* 1891—72 ‘ 1884—108 ‘“ 1888— 73 “ 1892—95 “‘ 1885— 87 < 1889—II0 1893—83 ‘“ ee aS igs FEBRUARY, 1894 THE SHIPPERS FROM THE PORT OF MIRAMICHI, IN THE z SEASON OF 1893. Sup. ft. deals, é oO. scantling, ends _ Palings. Shippers. Vessels. Tons. and boards. Pes. Mie ee snowball... 06.5 36 25,169 22,081,347 2,421,206 D. & J. Ritchie & Co 20 10,964 10,660,238 83,800 Pewee Neale. .....-.:.. 11 12,847 135519,604 E. Hutchison .......... IO 7,974 7,109,925 Geo. Burchill & Sons.... 4 3,631 4,601,000 Wee Mia Mckay: =...) \<.0 ss 21 18,621 18,084,380 32,000 Wins Richards'.2.5..... 8 7,509 6,607,000 29,972 _ Clark, Skilling & Co.... 2 1,069 eevee Bennett... ..5.. I 739 BIOBAN sores. sis, see 113 88,523 82,663,494 2,566,978 DiIsrRIBUTION OF MIRAMICHI SHIPMENTS. Sup. ft. deals, o. scantling. ends __ Palings. Country. Vessels. Tons. and boards. Pes. Great Britain....,...... 49 42,791 39,333,633 2,407,625 (2 bi aoe 44 32,356 30,850,877 159,353 France . sob Cee eee 7 5,066 4,964,239 SERS CR See 2 1,421 1,330,254 SEU See II 6,889 6,184,491 BROIAIS. . ce 113 88,523 82,663,494 2,566,978 St. JOHN SHIPMENTS, Ist DEC., 1892, ro 1sv DEc., 1893. Sup. ft. deals, p N scantling, ends, | Tons Shippers. Vessels. Tons. and boards. Timber. Alexander Gibson....... 55 72,351 67,505,580 850 W. Malcolm Mackay.... 77 77,878 65,282,983 4,444 George McKean........ 33. 29,917 23,021,530 J. & L. B. Knight ...... I 953 843,241 BROEDIS if. « cie,cte,eied « 166 181,099 156,653,334 5,204 DIsTRIBUTION By PoRTS OF ST. JOHN SHIPMENTS, 1893. Supt. ft. deals, No. scantling, ends Tons Countries and Ports. Vessels. Tons. and boards. Timber. NS age eee 3 3,728 3,472,852 HAVO) 6 os eiets cc sees ness I 1,843 2,422,400 Commenter sate. ss... 6 3,734 3,573,604 Ileetwood.............. Il 14,477 14,462,277 (CANSi@s ee pen pogeeeEaee 6 6,953 7,004,811 Liteleintel oe 54 40,490 38,968,156 70 Miverpoolls- 5. ..5....... 33 47,055 42,788,326 5,224 WEOMGON «50 os as ss oe. ass I2 16,269 2,845,616 Wemachbyts, Ons)..0-..6..- 13 14,879 13,082,537 S01 bel eee eee 7 6,621 55746,545 UAIpHeSS. .. cheeks. 6 9,066 8,426,545 \WGIES Sig a aCe 14 15,984 13,859,665 MMotals:jecis.c 05 s.0. 166 181,099 156,653,334 5,294 SHIPMENTS FROM St. JOHN TO TRANS-ATLANTIC PorTS FOR THE PAST I6 YEARS. Total sup. ft. _ Timber (tons) s deals, etc. Birch. Pine. MIS 7ONr. clad ans w's.2 188,168,610 7,989 2,493 1879.........- 153,279,357 11,548 3,237 ie Oboes Ge Ae 215,485,000 16,035 2,441 MSS Ey abs scl ars 210,281,730 5,134 1,734 ' Oeste 2is,0's « 201,413,717 7,576 5362 jitee Bigten CR 181,517,932 11,778 3,883 1884...... _... 164,829,825 14,006 3,836 SO IETS 204, 3 152,543,026 13,769 3,686 BS SO\cn Mage OS 138,934, 392 75354 4,313 To's) (ces Sei 118,450,590 5,197 1,587 MASS sceiaie sass 153,184,187 4,721 457 DSOQwe) tenes a 180, 167,488. 7,221 487 WOOO es coe os 132,608,516 1,311 45317 SOW eer) onavs sais. 122,242,682 5,004 TSO Darcie Sic ele: fc: 146, 529, 309 10,200 ADO araiotcrs clas sis 156,653,334 55294 _ Torat TRANS-ATLANTIC SHIPMENTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK 1892, COMPARED WITH 1893. —1892— o. Sup. ft. deals, Tons _ Ports. Vessels. Tons. etc. Timber WMGATNGHS. 062: ese se 134 103,565 94,907,523 228 BMOMMGE cas. ......... 164 165,207 146,529,309 10,250 13710003) 2) ee er 17 10,746 9,866,015 24 Dalhousie (including Camp- eUEOM)) 5... >... 48 25,615 22,568,604 805 Richibucto (including Buc- BRIERE) eee) Gee ars os + o's 29 ©13,887 13,002,512 SASCTS AOpen 23. 11,278 10,156,333 _ Sackville (including Baie ; Semen Vere). .....0....... 24 13,775 14,576,566 Outports of ee 6 2 aIVey «.- I 13,712 13,542,949 Moncton Cocagne PROTA. 42s. eviews 455 357,775 325,149,811 11,307 —1893— iO) Gi 113 88,523» 85,230,472 30; | CUUSC GSEs toe OoRe 166 181,099 156,653,334 5,204 DN 18 11,810 10,176,000 102 Dalhousie (including Camp- BP WCRON) |. fare cate os2c.5 sie 32 421,054 +=17,610,241 341 Richibucto (including Buc- ESTUCIC iavarctterataretoerere, = 22 11,188 10,557,663 BIMECIAC . oleie ssicie eiein ee a's 2 13,099 11,763,215 Sackville (including Baie WIGELE orecioc.cs Mie nel « 21 14,395 13,382,475 Outports of pp aore 8 8 arvey /.. 7,040 6,870,085 Moncton Cocagne 2 PE Nae 348,208 312,243,485 5,737 vA ee oe THE CANADA LUMBERMAN it The Trans-Atlantic Shipments from the Province of New Brunswick for the past ten years were : 1884—333 millions s. ft. 1889—369 millions s. ft. c « 1885—292 ‘ 1890—293 5 1886—276 ee 1891—253 fe 1887—250 a 1892—325 sé 1888—277 6s 1893—312 ue SHIPMENTS FROM Nova Scoria, 1893. Tons No. Sup. ft. deals, Birch Ports. 5 : Vessels. Pipes etc. Timber. ugwash ...... 10 1407 Outports of | Northport..... 6 cco 17,300,000 \aHaiishok 9 9,281 PLANT FaRie te stnircle yoy .acvereip fociacs 64 39,456 34,352,656 990 iGxdamPRaviersarisccise sete are I 524 415,108 IPAELSDOLOM Stes eictasioe core ae 39 44,426 40,792,496 Pictoumeen ode Oe: 20 12,990 6,888,000 4,616 Saint Mary’s River and Lis- {On} OTr ia ite Soba cae cea 7 4,823 4,315,680 St. Margaret’s Bay......... 5 2,935 2,593,698 heer darbors ene -tatiee eo 2 1,403 1,316,092 Ship Harbor........ aie Shes 400) =11,2719;200 Matalstrace teva cte a. 166 130,625 109,252,930 5,606 The shipment of deals from Nova Scotia to Trans- Atlantic ports were : LOSQ eae Veer 77,918,000 iityelO he roe ieere 92,605,488 BOO Aa sce tocir 69,159,000 EOOO snares te 99,512,924 TOOS io ache ache 79,647,765 Tife(0) Stes cok cee 78,603,742 WOOO = Sarees 87,280,125 WSOQ sce oes 87,861,398 iskeyfei oat don 82,959,589 TSO 3 eae tern 109,252,930 el eimiae dae 85,070,005 INCREASING THE TEMPERATURE OF STEAM. OME short time ago, says the Scientific American, it was suggested by Lord Rayleigh that the effici- ency of the steam engine might conceivably be increased by adding some salt to the water in the boiler, which should have the effect of raising the boiling point of the solution. The idea sought to be conveyed was that the initial temperature of the working fluid might be thereby increased, thus providing for a larger range and a greater fall of temperature between the boiler and the condenser. Certain critics objected to this proposition that to raise the boiling point of an aqueous solution does not neces- sarily imply a corresponding elevation of the temperature of the evolved vapor, which is simply that of water, and must accordingly possess only the temperature corre- sponding to the pressure. A number of experiments to determine the temperature of the steam arising from a boiling salt solution have been made from time to time ; but the results have been of a conflicting character. The difficulty of arriving at trustworthy results in this class of experiments consists in the circumstance that, while the walls of the steam chamber must be at a temperature higher than that of boiling water, and yet below the temperature of the solution, a sufficient quantity of steam must be evolved to insure that these walls shall not ex- ercise any appreciable cooling effect upon it. These desiderata are claimed to be all satisfied by an arrange- ment devised by Professor Sokurai, of the College of Sciences of the Imperial Japanese University, by the aid of which it has been determined that the temperature of steam escaping from boiling aqueous solutions of such salts as calcium chloride, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, is exactly the same as the solution itself. This is a corroboration of Lord Rayleigh, but whether of any material service to mechanical engineers remains to be seen. THE WAY IT LOOKS. WRITER on the care of engines says it looks like pure laziness for a man to plant certain pieces of bright work on an engine because a little extra work is required to keep them bright. It does look that way Moreover, a man who will shirk work in that way will probably shirk in every other way he can get a chance. A THREE CENT STAMP DOES IT. ON’ receipt of a three cent stamp we will mail free to any address a copy of our little hand-book entitled “Rules and Regulations for the inspection of pine and hardwood lumber.” as adopted by the lumber section and sanctioned by the Council of the Board of Trade, of Toronto, June 16, 1890. Address, CANADA LUMBER- MAN, Toronto, Ont. SOLID EMERY WHEELS. HE distinctive feature of the various makes of solid emery wheels, says J. Wendell Cole, in Cassier’s Magazine, is in the kind and quality of the cement used. They may be divided into, first wheels in which are used gums like rubber and shellac ; second, those cemented under hydraulic pressure and dried and seasoned, like the Northampton and Tanite wheels; third, wheels made by pressure and moulding, and cured by heat like the Hart or Detroit wheels ; and fourth, the several vertified makes, in which a flux is melted into cement. No one kind of wheel is the best for every kind of work. The rubber cement has to be softened and melted by friction heat before the emery will cut without glazing, and this takes much extra power. Other cements are not good conductors of heat, and cause the wheel, if used dry, to flake out or “spall” off. Virtified wheels have to be watched carefully. as they are of a brittle, glassy nature, easily cracked by a blow. In fact, emery wheels are like steam boilers—very useful, but they must be in good condition to stand the strain, and should have intelligent care with frequent inspection. They should also be kept round, as, if out of round, they cut only on the high side and thus waste the time of the work- man, and also are worn into cams and strike a dangerous blow, whereas, the round wheel gives a continuous cut the whole circle. A careless workman, bringing his castings against the wheel with a blow as he starts grind- ing, causes many wheels to get out of the round, whilea careful grinder seldom gets a wheel much out of round. The best cement is one that binds the emery together with sufficient strength to resist the centrifugal strain due to the high speed at which emery wheels cut best, about 5,000 feet surface speed per minute. It must not soften by frictional heat, nor glaze, nor burst, nor become brittle and break with cold. It must not hold the cut- ting grains until they are too dull to cut ; nor release them so readily as to waste away the wheel too fast. It must be capable of being mixed evenly with the grain emery, so that the wheel may not have hard or soft spots and be out of balance, and it must also be capable of being tempered to suit different kinds of metal or work. As great care and skill is required to select and use only pure and strong chemicals in these cements, and as cate- ful, skilled workmen are necessary to manipulate and use them aright, one runs great risks in buying wheels to try from any but well-known, experienced and thoroughly responstble makers. THE ELM. HE elm (Ulnus Campestois) is an old and long familiar tree, the wood of which, however, according to Timber, of London, Eng., is of no great importance, and is used for a variety of purposes, while knobs or monstrosities found on the tree are cut into thin slices and polished, and employed by carpenters in the process of veneering. The wood is very durable and the keels of troughs and waterpipes in the neighbor- hood of salt springs are always constructed of elm tim- ber. The elm tree lives to a great age, and some trees in Oxfordshire were famous even in the time of Queen Elizabeth. The “ Long Walk” at Windsor was planted at the beginning of the last century, and is well known and greatly admired though some of the trees have passed their prime. There is a great elm tree in the south of England that measures sixty-one feet in circumference. Its trunk is hollow and hasa door fitted into it and fastened bya lock and key. Another great elm, near London, has a winding staircase cut within it, and a turrent at the top where at least twenty persons can stand. But perhaps the largest and finest elm tree in the world was (for it unfortunately is not) in the county of Kildare, in Ireland. Two of the huge branches fell down of theit own weight, and that on a still, calm day, when their was not a breath of wind. The timber of the branches was conveyed away and sold for guineas. The noble tree did not long sur- vive the loss of the branches. It was already tottering to its fall, and a violent storm tore it up by the roots, a great mass of earth rocks being torn up with them. The elm is taller than most of our forest trees, and the masses of light shade, formed by its abundant yet rather loose foliage, impart much beauty to a woodland scene. 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, February 1, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. OR a month, usually dull, under the most favorable conditions, January has shown fair expectations of an encouraging lumber trade ahead. The results of the recent lumber sale at Ottawa, particulars of which are given in our correspondence from the Capital, furnish one reason, at least, for this hope. Good prices were realized, and the property well distributed in a number of hands, indicating a general confidence in the future. A larger number of contracts than the custom of previous years would lead one to expect; made at Ottawa during the month just closed, is likewise evidence of the present activityin lumber. The value of the sales closed at Ottawa during the first month of the year are placed at so large a figure as $2,500,000, and it is said that at least $4,000,000 of lumber for export has been sold in Ottawa during the past two weeks. What is true of lumber in the Ottawa valley is true of the trade generally at other lumber centres. The worst of the depression of the past has left us, and the future contains many rays of hope. When we commence to particularize there is not so much to be said of immediate business. That is, what is doing has a relation to the future rather than the present. Local trade in our own Province, and in the city, continues dull, which is all we have been able to say of it for some months. In Quebec and the Mari- time Provinces there has been large activity during the inonth. British Columbia lumber matters are more active, especially the shingle interests, for which a good trade is expected during the year. United States lumber reports are not yet any too hopeful. At the leading mill points, we are told, there are heavy stocks on hand, and not much demand during the month just closed. Contrawise, it is said, that there are sigiis of considerable building activity for the early spring, which will mean a distribution of stocks on hand and a demand for fresh stocks. At foreign points it is believed that trade for ’94 will show some improvement, though it must be admitted there has been a great deal of hoping against hope for a year past, and that there is abundance of room for. bettered conditions. British trade, it is expected, will improve ; South America, it is thought, is growing away from its financial difficulties, and time will im- prove the monetary situation in Australia. Following our usual custom we give elsewhere in this issue of the LUMBERMAN a review of the lumber trade of the Dominion for 1893. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, February 1, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. TAMPA PETE IAD ANIC DEELEL ies.s 01s\0 eteptarcie.+ pain rietaiee oie'pse\ristnis > 33 00 3600 EXE ANG 12 dressing and Detter leai oe Ss deat 9 00 1000 Soul Seartlin Paes ee nile acre trent eat aiemie ata cide paneer 800 9g oo 1 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank..............-..-....4- 24 00 26 00 1 inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. millrun.................-...+++- 14 00 15 00 LE Wich StripS, COMMON... 00s -eee ccs ca cen cercewasticees eaies 12 00 13 00 a oS ate iG oot Ale ade co ocico cM aopdesoareresnpsenacn dc 16 00 Tey eeu tiral iyi toveya ity te Cs aed rind ALO OAM Ein TM CL 16 00 VO, OOS Nite COME eT NACE por orn ar OEroar oom corona 250 260 XX shingles 16inch......... D2 Ane nh 2/0 BlOM DE EAA eu Aaet 150 1 60 TA EEU IN, oe ester pe mesic lage, ota ale fat era's slatefale sel atela in Sie a> 215 TEA ht), Zk, oop cae Eee bo Ooee se Ja CUE se anor eo es 180 1 85 YARD QUOTATIONS. Mill cull boards and scantling$10 oo F. M. Shipping cull boards, promis- ie 2in. flooring, dres’d 26 00 30 00 cuous widths. ..... 13 00 ss rough 18 00 22 00 stocks . . . 16 00 mi i 3 Scantling and joist, up to 16 ft 14 00| 11-4 in. flooring, un- 18 ft 15 00 dressed, B.M. . . 16 00 18 00 20 ft 16 oo*) 11- gin. flooring, dres'd 18 00 20 00 dres'd 25 00 28 oo “ec “c “cc IG sia *- 22 ft 17-00 ‘« —undres’d 12 00 15 00 a fs ** 24 ft 19 00 Been sheeting, dres- ‘i 3 2p ft. 2000)" - sediiu. o's 3 20 00 35 00 “ ee 28 ft 22 00 Clapboarding, dres’d, 12 00 ay af *€ 30ft 24 00 | XXX° sawn shingles e ie «« 32ft 27 00 poem 6 Sea 260 270 : 4 “ 34ft 29 50|Sawnlath..... . 2 60 2g050)| Red Oak J. 5 i 30 00 40 00 ‘ oe PO AaGEt (SE COO | NVILIEE |S, is by ea 37 00 45 00 Q ee *¢ 38 ft 33 00 | Basswood, No. 1and2 28 00 30 00 Cherry, No. rand 2 . 70 90° go 00 White ash, rand 2. . 24 00 35 00 Black ask, 1 arld2. . 20 00 30 00 40 to 44 ft 37 00 Cutting up planks, 1 and thicker, dry . 25 00 28 00 Ke board 18 00 24 00 Dressing blocks . . . 16 00 _20 00 Picks Am. inspection, 30 00 HARDWOODS-—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Ash, white, 1 to2in..$18 00 $20 00 | Elm, soft 1 pass 00 $12 00 2% to 4.. 20 00 24 00 ee ¢ a I2 00 13 00 black; wa i 16 00 618 00 ge olel< Yn 2 3y 14 00 16 co Birch, sq., 17 00 20 00 Ca ee 1% “ 3.. 15 00 18 00 43 at ns" axa 20 00 22 00| Hickory 1% “‘ 2.. 28 00 30 00 is ved % 20 00 22 00} Maple t ‘1% 16 00 17 00 a3 1) 2 © 4.922" '00) 25.00 ne 2 ‘4.. 17 00 1800 “yellow 1 ‘* 4.. 14 00 15 00] Oak,red,p'n1 ‘‘ 1% 28 00 3000 Basswood 1 ‘ 1% 15 00 16 00 LB He a) SE ea GOTOR) 32100) se 1% ‘‘ 2.. 16 00 18 00 “whiter ‘* 1% 2800 3000 Butternut 1 ‘* 144 23 00 25 00 55 Ee ia: Pere OOOy ea EnOD: oe 2 ‘*3,. 25 00 28 00 “quart’'d 1 ‘* 2.. 48 00 5200 Chestnut «1 ‘* 25 00 30 00] Walnut r “* 3... 8500 x00'90 Cherry 1 ‘' 1% 5000 6000] Whitewood: ‘“‘ 2.. 3200 3600 * ae 60 00 65 00 OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, February 1, 1894. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b. SMe eee sees seer teers ene 40 00 Pine; ;260d Strips 0” Eee iat rat ales pve titeey eee 35 00 Pine, good shorts, es bee om ey et 27 00 Pine, 2nd quality sidings, per, M feet, b. m 25 00 Pine, 2nd quality strips, = 22 00 Pine, 2nd quality shorts, ne ne Ei 18 00 Pine, shipping cull stock, ‘ a zi 16 00 Pine, box cull stock, : : 4 13 00 Pine, s.c. Strips and sidings * FS ae 14 00 Piney, mallet ors secs Nav tate pass tarereintnietes tener iat halts sheer, see 10 00 Lath, ‘peraMoaed. Go: ae arckiiae tee ae nee emo aimee ol pias . 60) ~ Ax‘go QUEBEC, QUE. QuEBEc, February 1, 1894. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. , cts. cts. For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., heater talth ots INO) | He PRO ORDO on COCO OR ONE Re OGIO Aces ain 14 @ 18 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 16 26 For good and good fair average, i A a Ares 27 For superior 28 30 In shipping order oy Ee me Fs FS" 29, a5 Waney board, 18 to 19 “aa ie e a © <5 36 Waney board, 19 to 2t inch ss fs e - Sa 40. RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Le; Measured off, according to average and quality ote Sate ae ete + BA) 422 In shipping order, 5 Ota feet "ee he re nce t mers 22 30 OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . . . . » 45 51 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 10 50feet . 2.30) | 32 30 to 35 feet . 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . .30 34 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . * . .20 23 TAMARAC. Square, according to size and quality . Fok pore ae Go OT 19 Flatted, a te le ee ae me ogee 18 STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp'cfct’n—nominal . $330 $350 W.O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality. . . . go 100 DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for end, and $37 to $42 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 foe ist, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $21 for 4th quality. BOSTON, MASS. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed SAMLTe Maen ASE $950 1000 iboardsisec = cress $11 00 ~=612 00 EL=26, INGhVieaid. ss 9 00 Goarse No. 5.2.56. 16 00 = 16 50 EA ite Nom ereneen ic 8 50 900 LSS: fonnnoganees Ir 09 612 00 | Clapboards, sapext.. 52 50 55 00 (Ohi Sie sine conat a 9 00 Sapicleari (Ware. 47 00 5000 Boxboards, 1 inch Er Oo). (ITs Sap, 2nd clear.... 38 00 49 00 Va WAGES. osstoioiviniatsie 10 00 IL oO INO) Mca cm scieictes 2000 25 00 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Wippersy yx) IMs ater es 952 00@54 00 | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 42 00 46 00 14%, 1% and 2 in.. 52 00 55 00} No. 2,1 in. Finecom. 28 00 30 00 gand 4in........-. 60 oo 1X, "1, and 2in... 29 00 31 00 Selects, sp tne la 45 00 46 00| No. 1 SPARS; 4 to6in. 43 00 44 00 1Y%, 1% and 2 in.. 48 0c 5000 IN Oi) 27 teereniatearien 36 09 37 00 ShEbIGl fe hele pete opi 51 co No. 3 Stearn Cee orate 28 00 30 00 Moulding boards, 7 to Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.... 24 00 32 00 TE In, Cleanse sai 36 00 38 00 | Coffin boards........ 21 00 23 00 60 per cent. clear... 34 00 36 oo | Common allwidths... 22 00 26 00 Fine common, rin.... 40 00 41 00| Shipping culls, x in... 15 00 15 50 14%,1% and 2in... 41 00 43 00 do 14% in. 15 50 16 50 SPRUCE—BY CARGO. Scantling and plank, Coarse, rough........ 12 00@14 00 random cargoes.. 14 00o@15 00 Hemlock bds., rough. 12 00 13 00 Yard orders, ordinary Re ” dressed I2 00 14 00 SYZES |G choteccce ayant verti 15 00 16 00| Clapbds., extra, 4 ft.. 29 00 30 00 Yard orders, extra Gleari itt jar a tee 30 00 31 00 SIZES! Mera thine ves hiss 16 00 18 00 Second clear....... 23 00 24 00 Clear floor boards.... 19 00 20 00 ING te ccseod ante a 12 00 16 00 INO. s2ie sae nineties us 16 00 17 00 LATH Spruce’ by Gargor ce ay. pci tes sins hepato ise eine pee eee eee 2 50@2 75 SHINGLES. Eastern sawed cedar, Eastern shaved sawed $3 25 cedar, rst quality... 5 00 275 2nd quality Beat adn os 475 tt En semen Pires 200 235 Te A hones 3.85, 4.Go extra Nios a) fren/cteie's TSO meaS 4th he 04 pa 3000 325 Spruce Novreecaeen 1 50 OSWEGO, N.Y. WHITE PINE. Three uppers, 1} A, 1% and 2 inch oo Pickings, ¥3 fore) No. 1, cutting up, * ‘e 00 00 No. 2, cutting up, se 24 00 fore) In strips, 4 to 8 ie selected for moulding strips, 14 to 16 ft. 32 00 34 00 SIDING. 1 in siding, cutting up 1 in selected....... 35 00@42 00 picks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 | 1% in dressing....... 19 00 21 00 rin dressing......... 1g 00 21 00 | 1% in No. rculls.... 14 00 16 00 rin No, x culls:...:, 14 00 15 00|1¥% in No. 2cuils.... 12 00 13 00 1 in No. 2 culls...... 12 00 13 00)1 in. No3culls...... IO 00 II 00 1X12 INCH. rovanid x6: feet, cml, We. «anise mnie vas ples een eiciniacaie sssa 21 00 24 00 12 and 16 feet, "No. x and ay Barn OATS ries rots siateiaiatelsinee aie 19 00 20 00 12 and 16 feet, dressinprand "Pettersen acmeraciec« ss aicelemarete 27 00 31 00 12 and 16 feet, INooiaa Balls ype. siaciahe eteralhg nape Weare eateries ope I5 00 16 00 IX1o INCH. 12 and 13 feet, mill run, mill cullsout................-..-4- 21 00 23 00 r2.and 13 feet, dressing and better. ....4..000.wusevsdeleese 26 00 28 00 THO, 14 £0106 barn POAT persia arieei a areata te alates 18 00 19 00 Taand x3 feet, No, ‘ricullsx. ete eat sep eee ee 16 00 17 00 per chtlmi tase ioe ro PSA Ade aaa Soneagen mm ott eGo 15 00 16 00 14 fo 16-feet; ami} gun inl (culllsionteer a. 2 ck nals vier tary als eceerore 21 00 23 00 T4\bo, xo\feethdressingr ane Dettern ae whice' vistectelattie aren celta 26 00 28 00 14 to 16 feet, WM. wicalis..) ie. = 00 1800 14 to 16 feet, No. 2 culls.. Pe 00 18 00 pee} ote ree (la als aoc hte ERR EESy nsopemrmr wnt maT At Nes II 00 12 00 FEBRUARY, 1894 14x10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$22 o0@25 00 | No. rculls........... 17 00 18 00 Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00| No. 2culls,.......... 15 00 16 oo 1X4 INCHES. Mill run, mill cullsout 17 00 21 00 | No. rculls..........- 14 00 15 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 30 00] No. 2culls........... 13 00 14 00 1X5 INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill 6, 7 or 8, No. 1culls.. 16 00 17 00 Cols onthe seers. 20 00 25 00/6, 70r8, No.2culls.. 14 00 15 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and Deliteris.me tees s 25 00 3000 SHINGLES. XXX, 18 in pine....... oa yo 3 90| XXX, 18 in. cedar... . 3 50 3 71 Clear butts, pine, 18 in.. 2 70 2 go| Clear butt, 18 in. cedar. 2 50 271 XXX, 16 in. pine...... a5 to 3 30|/ XX, 18in. cedar ....1g0 200 Stock cedars, 5or 6in.. 4 50 5 00 LATH. INGA tp Ure names il VES Ean ne 2 90.) WOsn2, TGs, Altay ere wie) si ten 225 INOS 35) tila week ae eete 1 80 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. WHITE PINE. Up’ ee 1,14%,14and 2 Shelving, No. 1, 13 in f00n aa’ Se eae fore) and up, 1 in...... 31 00@33 0c aes and 3 in oo | Dressing, 14 in...... 26 90 28 00 PM apareacterios= 00 14x10 and 12 ry. 28 09 Selects, tiny (ss. -ccm= 38 fore) TG Miliccie «sie apie eee 24 00 25 00 bea lice ya reiace te 00 2) Po a ecva t eee 26 50 28 00 2\% and 3 in oo | Mold st’ps, 1 to 2 in.. 33 00 35 00 AMM seis en les seeee oo | Barn, No. 1, roand 12 Fine common, 1 in... 35 00 38 00 BG ascieos cee 1% and ry in..... 37 00 38 20 Pi Vise mea ot oe e 39 00 40 00 3 is Bainicreicicietaty ea ade 45 00 Saat cveWa =n lore) Gates up, No. 1, 1 in. 00 1% to 2 in. No. 2, 1 in. No. 2,1 tozin.. No. 3,1% tozin... 18 00 19 00 BOX. 1X10 ae 12 in. (No 3 Narrow is, .+0<9..eee 13 00@14 00 1 ha Se eaten 1400-136 nisi. cee 18 00 sx6and Bin(No, 3 out) 13 50:) 152 3s «cn ee 18 oo 1x13 and wider...... ¥500\ 17 00'|/ 2: UM) capa esas eee 18 00 SHINGLES. 18 in. XXX, clear... 375 4 00| 16in., *A extra...... 260 276 18 in. XX, 6 in. clear. 2 85 | 16 in. clear butts..... 210 LATH. No: cate nae ssa 250 .2 60° No. 1, giftc se eee I 10 No: aoa ffe oon ine es I 95 ALBANY, N.Y. PINE. 10-IN, COMMON. ..<.. esas $15 $16 12-in. dressing and better... 28 34 : te Common /sohe ees eae eee Te) <7 Pickings ioscan eaten 45 | 14-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 40 45_ 1 to 2-in. good........... 52, 55| Common-e ss... eee i 27 Fourths’.2.\.25nacnaeees 47 50 | 1-in. siding, selected........ 38 42 Selects (spe aneeeeamre 42 45 Common:.2'2 05 vee eee 17 Pickings< sic. eos ceemieae 37. 40 | Norway, clear 25 T-ADs| GOO season ve nese ee 52 55 Dressing ..... an 18 Fourths*. ccs uyomeces 47 50 Common ....... 15 Selects i cunotes, «eee 42 45 | ro-in. plank, 13 ft., dressing = ie Pickinges. 2. inc ceric 37. 40 and better, each ....... 55 Cutting-up's.t.c.J.0tee eer 22 27 | xo-in. plank, 13-ft. culls, each 25 Bracket plank ..... Seieee 24 30 35 | 10-in. boards, 13 ft., dressing Shelving boards, 12-in. up.. 30 32 and better, each.......... 28 32 Dressing boards, narrow.... 19 21 | 10-in. boards, 13-ft. culls.... 17 21 LATH, Pine’. . 255 (ssw howto $2 40:| Spruce 32.0.5) eee $2 30 $2 40 SHINGLES, Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 40 $4 54 | Bound butts, €x 18 ....$5 go $6 00 Clean Bittsieccse ns 3.15 3, 25) Bemidckoy a see 215 2 30 Smooth, 6x 18....... 5.50 5 6o| Spruce. / ce asoye eee 220 2 30 SAGINAW, MICH. FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH. 45 00 | Fine common, r in........... 35 00 -.46 oc| 1% and 1% in. .36 00 ~=40, 00) 2°10. enee eee .36 20 41 00 | C, 7, Sandigia.. ose eee 3@ 00 41 90 “ SIDING. No. 1, % in ; RK Wis tear ee } TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. 2x4 to IOXxIo, 12, 14 and 16 ft. = fore) 20. ft... A.c0qen alee diese HR Go TG 6 Ras ca suete vile eee inte 00 a2and 24 fho0i\ anon Gee 15 00 For each additional 2 ft. add hs; ; 12 in. plank and timber $1 extra ; extra for sizes above 12 in. SHINGLES, } } XXX 18 in. Climax..... peeee 365, |B Selene ee es oi be MEEK | SAGINAW. - jicc. 1 si dele ware 3 40 | XXX shorts7oaeae eee 225 ©, G18) rE Aeris ee ne 225| 2X 5.002. ose I 50 Wein. Aue (Ge Wasi siacris sme 12 LATH. Lath, No 1, white pine....... 2 25 | Lath, No. 2, W. pine, Norway. 1 65 NEW YORK CITY. WHITE PINE—WESTERN GRADES. Uppers, ¢ dt. tes ws ies 00@45 00 | Coffin boards.......-. 20 00 22 00 1%, 1%and2in.... 46 00 47 0c | Box, in.....-.......- $17 00@17 50 pycuc dr Miri Se aducse 55,00. §98\.00;) . hicker, So. 17 50 18 50 Selects, rin......2... 40 00 41 00| Ccil’ it's, base, fig. No. 1 40 00 ©42 00 I in., all wide...... 4I 00 43 00 2 ace eee 35 00 37 00 1%, 1Band2in.... 43 00 44 00 Ny Be ey: 24 00 26 00 Svan) qudlonescaenn 52 00 53 00 Shelving, No. 1. + 30 00 32 00 Fine common, x in.. 36 00 37 00| No, 2....... - 25 00 27 oO. 1%, 1%andz2in.... 38 00 40 00 Molding, No. 1 36 00 37 00 ig anea ane erie: 46°60 800]. Bless ote te eee 34 00 36 00 Cutting BP, tin. No.1 28 00 30 00 Revel sid’ g, clear.... 22 50 23 00 INO? sateen nies 2I 00 23 00 Aetna nt esas 22 00 22 50 Thick, Nojers ders’ 29 ©0: $32 001|| Non) 2 cette serene 20 00 20 50 LOPES Ore romper c 24 00 26 00 INO. 3 sabe triee oe 16 00 17 00 Common, No. 1, 10 Norway,c’l, and No. 1 23 00 25 00 Patella fy eee vrs 22,00 23 00] No, 2.-.0.0-o-es 20 00 22 00 No-biaien.- caseresa 20.00 2 oo | Common...........% 18 00 19 00 IS te bends Zee 17 00 18 co Ee Fepruary, 1894 : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 COST OF SAWING LUMBER. HE following calculation of the cost of sawing lumber, made in the office of the Timberman, Chicago, is based, of course, on data from United States mills, but relatively will find an application to Canadian mills, and as material for com- parison, ought to have a value to Canadian lumbermen. Estimates as to the proper charge for the saw bill vary, says our cotemporary, according to locality, conditions and the ideas of lumbermen, from $1.50 to $2.50, while some contend that in an economically arranged mill there should be a profit at $1. Some instances were given illustrative of these differences. In one mill in Mississippi 35,000 to 40,000 feet of inch stock is cut and put out of the mill with thirteen men all told, includ- ing foreman, fireman and filer. In another—in Alabama— thirty men take logs from the landing in the woods, haul them by rail five miles, put them through the mill dry kiln and deliver at the planing mill. Product 75,000 feet a day. At another, but larger, Alabama plant to do the same work it takes 150 men for every 100,000 feet of output. In a well-equipped Northern white pine mill cutting from 80,000 to 100,000 a day, about fifty men are required to take the logs from the pond and put the lumber in pile. This means a labor cost of production of about 80 cents to $1.25 per thousand, according to wages. Still in a Muskegon mill. of about 200,000 feet per day capacity the cost of this work averaged for months 60 cents. A man thoroughly posted in the mill business makes the fol- lowing schedule of crew and wages for a double decked mill, cutting nearly or quite 100,000 feet a day, based on western Wisconsin conditions. ig No. of Av. Wages Position. men. per man Total MOPAG TOMI Nae ciata)= .o\S oie e-wv wis ww ve 3 $r 75 $5 25 C15 GEES oh (AOA ASE ee 3 I 50 I 50 (ObiGiion = ee ee 4 2 25 9 00 SA IES. ae Gh 2 3 00 6 oo RBURREACCES EAN Sle Gehajechcisieis e's.avs 2 I 50 3 00 SEE RIND, (aie aieioie a ine cies oc.9 sie I 275 275 ef Off bearers... 0.60.50. 2 * Go) 3 00 ADENMNIEY MEM. «eds vcs dios se ee 2 I 50 3, 00 SESE ie SAP -2 I 50 3 00 Buggy loaders. . 6 I 50 9 00 wheelers. ..... 6 I 50 g 00 Pilers in yard........ +8 2 00 16 00 Filers (head $5 others 2. dete} 3 00 g 00 Engineer and fireman.. Dee 2 50 5 00 GHEGQE" JR Ge eee 1 4 00 4 00 PRGHSEADGUES c,h cic cae eves 3 I 50 4 50 LOSE OTENI Soe eect O eee I 5 00 5 00 Total hands.......... 51 Total wages $ror 00 The above table stands the test of criticism fairly well for the section indicated. While various mill men might raise some salaries and lower others, and make slight changes in the apportionment, no material change is suggested except in the number of pilers. Five or six men, instead of eight should be enough to do the work. Horses for drawing lumber carts would reduce the number of wheelers, but probably not the expense. In a certain Wisconsin Valley mill the log-scaler, who also handles the chain and kicker, gets $2 a day; deck hands, $1.50: setters, $3; other carriage men, $1.72 to $2; sawyers on the rotary $5, band $4.50; two edger men get $2.75 each; trimmer men, $2 each; slasher men, $1.66 each; four lumber-cart drivers, who also care for the horses, $1.75 each ; six pilers, $1.75 to $2.25 each; circular saw filer $6, band filer $7, the two getting $13 a day, against $9 for three given in the table. Wages in other positions are the same. It will be seen that the result in this mill does not differ materially from that shown by the table, what is lost in some things being gained in others. Where material changes would be made in the -above table is in other sections of the country. Inthe South $1 a day is the price paid forcommon labor. But in many southern mills more men are required to handle the lumber from the trimmer chains to the piles. The results shown.by the table, therefor, are not greatly modified even there. It may be assumed, therefore, that in the average modern double decked mill the labor cost is about $100 per day ; mak- ing a saw bill of $1 a thousand, if the product is 100,000 feet a day, and $1.33 if the output is 75,000 feet, though with that capacity the number of hands would be slightly reduced. Still we come back tothe fact that some mills show better results than these. Inthe table the daily product per man is about 2,000 feet, whereas in some mills it is from 2,500 to 3,000. Looking at the other extreme, there are mills—and many of them—where the output is not much over 1,000 feet for each hand employed. With these considerations in view it seems safe to say that modern machinery has done but little to increase the per capita product. In the days of the sash saw two or three men would get out from 3,000 to 6,000 a day. It may be admitted, how- ever, that within the last ten years there has been a distinct advance inthe way of labor saving appliances. For many years increase in capacity meant a corresponding increase of men, but of late there seems to have been a distinct gain in economy. We do not wish to be understood to overlook the fact that many more items must be added to those in the table in order to determine the cost of manufacture. The table gives labor items only, and to those must be added insurance, repairs, interest, office expenses, etc. MARKING TOOLS. IRST cover the article to be marked with a thin coating of beeswax, and with a sharp instrument write the name in the wax; fill the letters with nitric acid; let it remain for five minutes, then dip in clean water and rub off, and the name will be etched into the steel or iron. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, $1.00 a year. Subscribe. o> SPECIAL :— Write us for Cata- logue and quotations. e Send us your address and we will quote the market / from time to time. HUGH BLAIN Having made a specialty for years of supplying Lymer and Mining Gamps with Groceries, Flour, Feed and Smoked, Dried and Green Meats, etc., we solicit inquiries from you for your various camps. EBY. BLAIN & CO. WHOLESALE GROCERS - TORONTO. ONT. STH AM fe OE Duplex AND SINGLE Steam AND POWER Pumps =O = If you require a pump for any duty, of the latest and most improved pattern, and at close prices, WRITE GS NORTHEY Mi G5, 0), *«{ LIMITBD BORONTO ..~- -ONT: 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FEBRUARY, 1894 EAST INDIAN WALNUT. DGAR THURSTON, official reporter on economic products to the goverment of India, has written the following report: The siris tree (albizzia lebbek), whose timber is called East Indian walnut in the English market, is a large, deciduous, spreading tree, belonging to the natural order leguminosze atalie, found wild and cultivated in most parts of India ; growing in the evergreen forests in the sub-Himalayan tract from the Indus east- ward, in Bengal, central and southern India, Burma, and the Andaman islands, and ascend- ing to 5,000 feet in altitude. The following account of the wood is given by Gamble in his ‘‘ Manual of Indian Timbers:” —‘* Sapwood large, white; heartwood dark brown, hard, shining, mottled with deeper colored, longitudinal streaks. The annual rings in trees grown in the Punjab are marked by a distinct line. Pores large, not numerous, often subdivided and enclosed in patches of softer whitish tissue, which are frequently arranged Pores prominent on a longi- Medullary rays fine, very in short bands. tudinal section. numerous.’ The growth of the tree, which is said to attain a height of 4o to 60 feet with a girth of 6 to 9 feet, and at times Io to 12 feet, is exceed- ingly rapid during the first few years, and Brandis says, in his ‘‘ Forest Flora of North- west and Central India,” that trees in the Pun- jab have 234 feet girth in 12 years, 4% feet in 30 years, and that trees at Sakhar, in Sind, 17 years old have reached 5 to 6 feet in girth. This, is pointed out by Gamble, would give from I to 3 rings per inch of radius, which is very fast. The weight of the wood is said to be 4o to 60 pounds per cubic foot. It seasons, works, and polishes well, and is fairly durable. Its value may be inferred from the fact that the Burmese government fixed a higher tax upon the felling of kuk-o (albizzia lebbek) than for teak or any other tree. The wood is used in India for picture frames, sugar-cane crushers, oil mills, furniture, well curbs, canoes (Burma), and wheelwork ; in the Andaman islands, where trees of large > size are procurable, it is utilized for building, and especially for house posts. In the Deccan the wood is considered as being of excellent quality. In northern India it is considered unlucky to employ it in house-building. The deputy conservator of forests, Andaman islands, in reply to a circular recently issued by Mr. Ribbentrop, inspector general of forests, stated that ‘‘small quantities of koko timber have occasionally been sent to London with padouk, and have commanded a ready sale. It makes pretty furniture, having a beautifully patterned grain, and works well up when carved.” Burls of albizzia lebbek, like those of any other furniture wood, increase in value with the intricacy and rarity of the design and the size of the burl. The price of such burls, which are invariably sliced up into veneer, is frequently ten to twenty times that ofthe plain wood, and as much as a hundred times the value of the or- dinary wood has been paid for extremely curious and unique burls.—Timber Trades Journal. MIX THE MOVEMENTS. OUBTLESS many of our readers, who are not experienced engineers, may have noticed that frequently the oscillations of the main belt ina mill come in unison with the beat of the engine, and a perceptible slapping about of the belt is noticeable. The beat of an engine will often come in sympathy with the sway of the building, and so increase it as to be very perceptible. If this were continually go- ing on in exact time it would become so great in time as to be dangerous, but one or the other gets ahead and mixes the movement, so that it gradually ceases until they are again unison. If the speed of the engine is changed in either case the swaying will be kept mixed all the time instead of occasionally. On long lines of shafting this will appear also, the pull on the belt at the commencement of the stroke being in unison with the spring of the shaft, thus causing a marked oscillation. The same remedy is applied here—to mix the two movements purposely—and the trouble is partly, if not entirely, removed.—Machinery. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Adver- tisements must be received not later than the 27th of each month to insure insertion in the following issue. E WANT ALL KINDS OF HARDWOODS. Will pay cash. ROBERT THOMSON & CO., 103 B&y Street, Toronto. OR HEMLOCK, DIMENSION LUMBER, hardwood flooring, cedar shingles, piles, sawdust, etc., write J. E. MURPHY, lumberman, Hepworth station, Ont. WANTED ASSWOOD LUMBER, BY CAR OR CARGO. Offers invited. Address ‘‘ Baswood,” care of Canapa LUMBERMAN. UMBER AND SHINGLE MILL FOR sale in the Village of Dundalk; this is good new so-horse power mill; will run lumber and shingles at’ same time; plenty of stock can be bought in the locality for four or five years at a reasonable rate. Apply to JoHNn Irwin, Brampton, Ont. WANTED SITUATION S BAND SAW FILER, NINE YEARS’ EX- perience; also thoroughly practical on Rotarys. Steady and temperate ; good references. Best offer in December for next season and earliest to work, gets me.—H, HOWE, South Boardman, Mich. SAW MILL CAPACITY 15,000 FEET lege WATER AND RAILWAY FACILITIES for shipping. Hard and soft wood limits in con- | nection. Will be sold cheap. Address ‘‘W,” Canapa LUMBERMAN. COMMISSIONS HE ADVERTISER CAN SECURE BIG prices for black ash, basswocd, elm and maple in New York and surrounding markets, best of references given. Send lists of stock on hand. No shipinent on consignment. Bona fide orders sent you before ship- ment. Address ‘‘ Commissions,” MAN. care of CANADA LUMBER- LOGGING TRAMWAY FOR SALE About three miles of 25 1b. T-Rail; 12 Logging Cars complete, and a Shay Locomotive N GOOD CONDITION, FOR SALE ON AD- vantageous terms. For further particulars apply to JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front Street West, Toronto, | R. RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS eX AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND . iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 Ibs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. FOR SALE From 5 to 6 Million Feet of First-class VIRGIN WHITE PINE SAW LOGS HESE LOGS ARE THE FIRST CUT FROM J new timber limits ; choice quality ; are cut prin- cipally 16 feet long, and average from 5 to 6 logs per 1,000 feet, and can be delivered in the Georgian Bay by the rst of June, 1894. For particulars apply to J. D. SHIER, Bracebridge. Buy the Best aaa The “WHITING” Saw-Set FOR CROSS-CUTS ONLY WARRANTED The only SWAGE SET made SAMPLE BY MAIL, PREPAID, 85c. DILLOE =. OsHAWA, ONT. Rochester Bros. : : COMMISSION AGENTS Limits bought and sold on commission. Limits tray- elled and carefully prepared. Estimates given. Some first-class berths on the North Shore of Lake Hiueon and on the Upper Ottawa now in our hands for sale. Communications confidential. 36 Rochester St. Ortawa References given. UAK TANNED BELTING TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475, B.R. MOWPY & Son MANUFACTURERS OF “y AND SAW MILL SHINGLE MILL MAGHINERY shingle Machinery a Specialty REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND CAREFULLY EXECUTED by practical men to be The Best Machine on the Market Gravenhurst, Ont. shingle Machine Manufactured by us is acknowledged THE J.C.M°LAREN BELTING C2 montreat The “BOSS” | | i q = Fepruary, 1894 STEAM BOILER INSPECTION AND HM BOILER a0 JAMES LAUT, Manacer, OF CANADA DIRECTORS -- E. JONES PARKE, Q.C. HON. DAVID MILLS, Q.C., JOHN MORISON, ESQ., Ex-Gov. British America Assurance Co., Toronto. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OF THE IN M.P., Ex-Minister of the Interior. T. H. PURDOM, ESQ., Barrister, London. J. H. KILLEY, Consulting Engineer. HEAD OFFICE: MASONIC TEMPLE - = AUTHORIZED CAPITAL, £500,000 SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL, 6200,000 FULL GO Do you know what pressure your Boilers can safely stand Is your Steam Gauge registering the correct pressure Are your Water Gauges free and in good working order Is your Safety Valve working properly @ When were your Boilers last inspected by a competent ey, JOHN FAIRGRIEVE, VERNMENT DEPOSIT. generally calamity of an INOURRNGE DEPARTMENT PRESIDENT. F. A. FITZGERALD, ESQ., President Imperial Oil Co., Vick-PRESIDENT. LONDON, ONT. O not trust to luck; the unexpeeted and property by taking out one of our Inspection and Insurance Policies. M Chief Inspector. Avoid the Protect life happens. explosion. 4! Pa WHOLESALE DEALERS WAITE PINE — REAMER LUMBER CO. 1. IN «— HAARDWOODS rk Row <{ p> New York Representative Lumber Manufacturers and Dealers Railway, Express, or ae Power, Style and ee nearest Shipping Point Name BusINEss | Daily Capacity Ottawa, Ont... ....5.. (O}SERN ES =o re BOOED Tibia cn alete ctenara-iehess «sce Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Steam, Circular and Band Mill Ottawa, Ont.......... (DENIES Seen Bronson & Weston Lumber Co..... 2 Sawmills, White and Red Pine, Wholesale ....|Water, Gang and Band, 450m Ottaway Ont. 2...).... (OqiF.02i ke Se OTTAWA LUMBER CO......... Lumber, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Wholesale ....|.......0..s0c:0csececcccecensce Parry Sound, Ont..... Wiftersonls-hic cies... Conger Lumber Co............ Pum bereWholesale and ’Retall. s jcrsctals csc ot-isteraseil os eee ace nian 6 Sema tbuneneee Parry Sound, Ont..... Parry Sound.......... Parry Sound LumberCo......... Saw, Shingle and Lath Mills, Pine, Wholesale ..|Water, Gang, Circular, Saw gom, | Shingles 7om, Lath 30m Muskoka Mills, Ont...|Midland.............. Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Head|W. Pine Lumber, Lath and Bill Stuff, all lengths.|2 Mills, Water, 1 Band, 2 Gangs 3 Office, Arcade, 24 King st. w., Toronto and 3 Circulars. | Alexandria, Ont....... PAG hah - i. McPherson, Schell& Co. ....... Cheese Box Pactory, Pine; spritce; Cedar 7 ....-\slitacceineee cee clesinecitice aatal- Almonte, Ont MEH PMTMOMCG). 2 be racers Caldwell, A. &Son........... Sawmill, Pine, Lumber, Hemlock, Hardwoods: .|Circular, 3m Barrie, Onis. ok... ARIE Ge wieye otsrs, clases eco cia Dymont & Mickle............ Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Cedar, Hardwoods...... Steam, Circular, 4om Barrow Bay, Ont...... IWHEKEOM 0/2 acicie caele 00s Barrow Bay Lumber Co., Limited . .|Saw, Shingle and Heading Mill, Pine, Cedar Oak, Oak Railway Ties, Paving Blocks ...... Steam, Circular, 16m Blind River, Ont...... Blind River........:.. Blind River Lumber Co......... 2 Saw, Sh. and Lath Mls., Pine, Hem., Bl. Birch|Stm., Band, Cir., S. 75m, Sh. 60m Bobcaygeon, Ont...... Fenelon Falls.........|Boyd, Mossom & Co........... ember Ww holesdlevand NCtALL: clr seccrteistarcerectel| sara ecw slave antes «okiacisivcieseninee Barrie; Ont.v..cess..-. NSSUEINOIN Ce hed ciara ss cineismse IBUNCONABTOS.cs as cc c.0 se epee oe Brmbers Winolesaleand etalls sev ach iecsinn. cell ahe etna a cea cstares « Seecde. Waubaushene, Ont..../Waubaushene......... Georgian Bay Consolid. Lumber Co.|Pine only. ............ 00.0 ccc cece eee cue ceee Waubaushene mill, stm., 200m; d. office arcade 24 King st. w., Toronto Pt. Severn mill, water, 120m Calabogie, Ont........ AIABOPIC ai sims ies « Carswell, Thistle & McKay...... famnben, suo lesalevan dak ela vlsermener merleteiers.iriepl fee ance Ave ncrntee cain omtciokn es OE fos Callander, Ont........ Callander, G.T.R. ..../JohnB. Smith & Sons ......... White and Red Pine Lumber, Bill Stuff, Lath Head Office, Strachan Ave., Toronto] and Shingles.......¢.....c.cceeeeeeeseeevece Steam, 2 Circular, 80m Collins Inlet, Ont...... @ollins Talet........... Collins Inlet LumberCo......... Dumber, bine Oak Ash, Birch, Whol, ad IRef.| 0s... 5s ocns scueve pte Donogh & Oliver ............ Victoria Harbor LumberCo....... W. N. McEachren & Co James Tennant & Co.......... DeLaplante & Bowden........°. James McBain Reid. ... Wer aas'..B Sev ge. 3s: SHEARER & BROWN ......... MOODYVILLE SAWMILL CO..... Brunette Sawmill Co.......... James Morrison & Son......... DAVIDSON, E.D.&SONS...... South River Lumber Co., Ltd. ..., Saw, Laih, Sh. and Pl. Mill, Moving Posts, Pine Lumber, Wholesale and Retail Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Exp. and dlr. in Am. Hwds, made to specification Saw and Plan. Mill, Tim. Lands and Logs, Pine .| Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Hardwoods, Shingles, Lath, Handles........... [sheet ARE dein 6 do Gece e he REP D ScneISse ORR aIe W. Pine, Lath, Shingles, Dim. Timber, Car Sills Pine and Hardwood, Wholesale................ (eum Perse MOlesale *..<\.) ste <= seattelsislere sam eae all ete iitare ale crass otro ote» oie vce unibexrs Wholesale... .:.. >. Holds th It is false TESTIMONIALS from the largest ma- chinery manufactur- ers, Owners and users in the country e best R N E OFFICES: NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL Wonks: LAGHINE, QUEBEC We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. GORRESPONDENGE SOLICITED Four Grades do all your work with economy > os No Hot BOxXEs COPPERINE 2em ALONZO W. SPOONER SOLE MANUFACTURER PORT HOPE, ONT. 16 THE CANADA FEBRUARY, 1894 LUMBERMAN POROUS TERRA COTTA Proved by actual and thorough tests to be the best fire-proofing material in use. Unequalled for making buildings, vermin, heat, cold and noise proof. For partitions, costs no more than brick; weight, one-third that of brick. SEND FOR CATALOGUE AND PARTICULARS THE RATHBUN COMPANY ::: -:: Manuractrurers, DrsEronto, On. H. G. ROSS & CO. Real Estate, Fire and Life Insurance SHIPPING AND GBNERAL COMMISSION AGENTS . . . TIMBER LIMITS AND FARMING LANDS A SPECIALTY... . Canis Aponese: “ROSS” NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C. Box 272 CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED Sater wheelie J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Limber, Lath & Shingles BRACEBRIDGEB, ONT. THOS. MOGRAKEN (Member Toronto Stock Exchange) BROKER & FINANCIAL AGENT DEALS SPECIALLY IN TIMBER LIMITS No. 2 Victoria Street, Telephone No. 418. TORONTO, ONT. F.REDDAWAY & CoO. MANUFACTURERS OF BREAKING STRAIN 6 In.“CAMEL” HAIR BELT _____- 14,1811bS. ic ae 6 IN, ENGLISH Oak DouBLe LEATHER __7,5 22 ALSO MANUFACTURERS OF Linen FiReE HOSE MAN CHESTER, ¢ 57 STFRS. XAVIER ST, ENGLAND. MONTREAL HARD-MOUTHED HORSES AND PULLERS CONTROLLED WITH ABSOLUTE EASE. RUNAWAYS IMPOSSIBLE. This statement is now repeated by thousands who have purchased BRITT’S AUTOMATIC SAFETY BIT. _ This Bit, by an automatic device, closes the horse’s nostrils, HE CANNOT BREATHE, AND MUST STOP. Seq ae ae 6\)SAFETY FROM RUNAWAYS ABSOLUTELY GUARANTEED WITH THIS BIT This cut shows Bit et Any horse is liable to run, and should be driven ‘ a] = ©) with it, By its use ladies and children drive horses Nesey men coald not hold with the old style bits. fgg Send for illustrated pamphlet containing testi- Gold Medal, QHZ S monials from all parts of the world, and earnest (NS Paris, 1889. and candid expressions about the BRITT AUTO- MATIC SAFETY BIT and its resistless but harmless and humane power in subduing the most vicious horses and controlling the most stubborn pullers and chronic runaways. the oh : The only bit in the world that is endorsed, advocated, used and sold by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, The Highest Authority. DR. L. P. BRITT, 37 CoLtece PLACE, NEW YORK. Hr. P. EGNARDT & GO. WHOLESALE GROCERS Lumbermen’s Supplies a specialty..--.- Correspondence solicited HP. ECKARDT & CU. - 9 FRONT ST. EAST, TORUKTO SAWS BREAK SIXTEEN REASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with yaluable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. The work in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. ‘ CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. SAW MILLS Address— OSE SOMETHING GCOD EP FERLESS| MAGHINE \ aie c SPECIALLY WITH High Grade... ROGERS & GO ... Heavy Quality T The Rathbun Gompany-g - 6. G_DESERONTO}eaer. MANUFACTURERS OF Doors, Sash, Blinds, Stairs And all kinds of House-Finishing Materials YENEERRED DOORS 4 Spee CoRRESPONDENCE SOLICITED CAVEATS and PALE N TS TRADE MARKS Obtained in Canada. Lumbermen__ YOUR BUSINESS IS HELPED BY. * .. ADVERTISING... UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PAT- ENTS A SPECIALTY. Engineering Drawings Furnished. W. J. GRAHAM, 71 Yonge St. “Soren to oe OANADA LUMBERMAN WRITE FOR PARTICULARS - THH CANADA FEBRUARY, 1894 LUMBERMAN 17 REGISTERED BRAND == STA PORTLAND GEMBNT Our own manufacture and unexcelled. Its use is authorized by Province of Ontario and Toronto City Engineers. Quality GUARANTEED, and always the same. WORKS AT ‘ ’ MANUFACTURERS, NAPANEE MILLS 6 ( Ul () | Deseronto, Ont. GALT keane seals lal H Mm Mt, my ; ; i | | i | OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting | -y ; =——Send for Price List] Mmeiee HAY, GALT, ONT. | | = KNIVES d.d. TURNER & SON .. Sail, Tent and Awning Maker.. 251 George St. and 154 King St. PETERBOROUGH Canoe, Yacht and Boat Sails made to order. Perfect Fits Guaranteed. WILLIAM FOSTER Lumber and Commission Merchant RECEIVER AND FORWARDER OF LUMBER, LATH AND SHINGLES . .. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED... LE ———— Every description of Lumbermen’s Supplies and Waterproof Clothing. OWZEHN SOUND, ONT. GELEPHONE 1855 WM. ©. WILSON NELL Co CODE: “AEATHER,” GORONTO (Late with the Bu 55 LZED;) Manufacturers’ Agent 24 Front St. E., Toronto REPRESENTING The Franklin Oil Works, Franklin, (Locomotive, Valve Engine, Railway Coach and Car Oils) The Hamilton Engine Packing Co., ton, Ont. (Sectional Ring, Rainbow Sheet and Coil Packings, Asbestos Cement) The Magnolia Metal Co., New York ete by the United States and German Governments best Anti-friction Metal in Market) The Merchants’ Refining Co., Buffalo, N.Y. (Refined Oils in Tank Cars and Barrels, American Paraffine, Wax and Soap Stock) The Peterboro Carbon Co., (Electric Carbons) Radaway & Co., Manchester, Eng. (Camels’ Hair and Cotton Belting, Linen Fire Hose) Detterick & Co., Tanners, St. Catharines, Ont. (Lace Leather, Rawhide, Russet and Calf) The Pennsylvania & Delaware Oil Co., New York (American Lubricating Oils and Grease) Pa. Hamil- Peterboro Before placing your Spring Order write for my prices... .. Oils shipped from any port on American side to suit customers...... BRITISH COLUMBIA KED CEDAR AVING made arrangements with H. H. Spicer & Co., of Vancouver, B.C., for of their CELEBRATED Rep Cepar Suincres, I am in ELE ee eee QuanTtTITIES. "a position to supply the trade promprry and in Larce To the many patrons who purchased from us last year we extend our hearty thanks, and beg a con- tinuance of your patronage this year. the exclusive sale in Ontario To Dealers who have not yet handled these Shingles, we ask you to give them a trial, as we know that this is all that is necessary to insure a continuous trade. F.N. TENNANT - Write for further particulars. LUMBER [MERCHANT Mie abet St. TOrOonto 18 THE CANADA LUBSEERMWaAW FEBRUARY, 1894 F.E. DIXON & CO. nw Fr MARQUETTE eo% WANT Star Rivet Leather Belting , R2O%> tum mit fin Investment Policy piscounts QO King St. East, Toronto ~ Pore Huron and Detrott ity Poli Or an Annuity Policy @ ee til MUTUAL LIFE Every Lumberman wants it O95 cents buys it | Af, PEASANT CLARE, REED any avin se fase eas: ee aetna bs Wien tt aL BALDMIN, LUDINGTON, ANISTEE | yo2i 8s pve atu Gee ° tection an nvestaieet ees a a = I ’ equal. Guaranteed values, attractive options and liberal conditions. Of r 5 LUNN r d (| ‘ATOMAUKEE Mm HANITOKOG, WIS. ~ WISE AND GENEROUS PLAN. “ The last two named ached by the Company Our Annuity Endowment Policy ensures a certain line of Since ae La is Michigan annual income to yourself during 20 years after matur- The line thus foune ae short and direct route from ity of the Policy or to your family at earlier death; and NEW YORK MONTREAL Sonniy tte Bee a i e a sure income r amily ¢ urine 2 years after your death; first pa SAV ES Ty | M E SAV BS M ISTA K ES SA V ES M O N EY to ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast points. Ba nt immediate The ate: e lower than on ordinary Write e ither of the undersigned for Folder abr come Maps, ae Sche dules and much i nice of value to those c es tin ne a tri om to any o rat he above-mentioned poin BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : W. H. BALDWIN, JR., | W. F. POTTER, PRACTICAL INFORMATION THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto General Manager, Bork Peele : A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. GENERAL Orrices: - SAGINAW, MICH, J. W. MAITLAND-——_H. RIXON J. G. AINSILE W. STODAR1? =< Yo iN SY ~ MAITLAND, RI RIXON & CO. “ACH SEZ ALOS— MAG Hees INSTBeReETS FOR ¢ OWEN SOUND, ONT. i onodte. CANADA. CO Cini cf 2 2 as onan soe AS ILLU = CLOn BOOK FREE ASC Snre Ea ' Do you Riln Dry your Lumber, Shingles orf Lath? hs CRS CCE hans VY LLY > Nee Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers _ ‘FIRE PROOF All kinds of Building Material kept in stock ROOFIN G a ALM Me TAL LIC ROOFING C Quotations furnished on application MANUFACTURERS. TORON Ox THE ANDREWS” LUMBER Drval aL alt STANDS <0} PI eae VW oRLe= H Agee CHICAGS 7 ——SC—CS~‘C ; TIME INSURANCE MATERIAL CAPITAL YARD ROOM : LABOR INTEREST FREIGHT EXPENSE MANUFACTURED BY THE DOMINION DRY KILN CO.. TORONTO. ONT. i -_> “ = ae a - . ~ , +, . ‘ ’ ~ * i 7 . ~s « FEBRUARY, 1894 Doe CANADA LUMBERIMAN WM. E. HILL’S RDVED. DIRECT ACTING STEAM FEED AUTOMATIC STEAM-CUSHION OPERATED BY HILUS PERFECT BALANCED RELIEF VALVE, IMPROVED PISTON, BRACKET, Lever, lever stand and connection. STEAM SAFETY CUSHION prevents damage if operator loses control. Output of your ul will be in- creased 10 to 25% by es In this steam feed. If your boiler capacity is suff- cient now, it will not be neces- sary to increase it. We also build the ordinary Prescott Steam Feed and Allis patent double valve economical Steam Feed BAND SAWS and Band Saw Tools These are of equal importance to the Band Mill. Without the best saws and the best means of keeping them in order it is impossible to get the best results from the Band Mill. IN BAND SAW TOOLS we build the largest and most im- proved line, having combined the best features of the lead- ing American tools with many valuable improvements. FOR INSTANCE These horizontal stretching rolls open the saw, putting in the proper ten- sion and doing away with a great deal of hammering that would be otherwise necessary. The work is done more evenly and quickly, requiring less skill from the operator. The rolls are hardened steel, ground to proper surface, and adjustable for saws of different thickness. The countershafts are interchangeable to drive either way. No filing room is complete with- out this tool. Hills Niggers ~ IN BAND SAWS — MAMMOTH AND MEDIUM SIZES We can supply you Saws made from the celebrated __ The Stationary latest improved “Sandvik” steel, guaranteed in every particular and Niggers are the simplest and best. ; They do away with the leaky uni- in perfect order to put on your wheels, at lowest pos- versal steam joints, and are more sible prices. It will pay you to give us a trial order. easily set up and connected. Made e under Hills patents, with all his latest improvements. Unless pro- : ; : ‘ perly made, a steam Nigger is a Our circular contains considerable information on the subject. Positive disadvantage in loss of | Remember the “Allis Improved Band ” is the best. time and erratic action. ee ee ec es cheapest | WATEROGUGS. Brantrorp. CANADA If you are thinking of putting in a Band Mill, write us. } + Al : ‘ 3. ‘ : ' ce y 4 -. , sh oe te ee PETRIE’S LIST °F WVOOD-WORKING MACHINERY Sawmill Outfits, complete Steam Drag Saw Band Mill for Logs Automatic Sawing Machines Log Haul Ups Bull Wheel Rigs, complete Sawdust Conveyors Drag Saw Irons Edgers and Slab Saw Rigs Double Gang Edgers Saws Swing Slab Saws Foot Power Scroll Saws Band Sawing Machines HW PETRIE “SS Se eee Wiachinery Deaier 1892 MODEL Remington Typewriter dane: ANGE aN: Unapproached for Excellence of Design and Con- struction, Quality of Work, Simplicity and Durability. az MACHINES FOR RENTAL i OPERATORS SUPPLIED SEND FOR CIRCULAR GEORGE BENGOUGH | PACKMAN & CO. hee 164 St. James Street Adelaide St. East Tel. 1207. TORONTO Tel. 1189 MONTREAL Dauntless Shingle and Aéadind Machine Re-Sawing Machines Drop Tilt Shingle Machines Two Block Shingle Mill Swing Shingle Machines Wood Yard and Cordwood Machinery Single Knot Saws Shingle Jointers Shingle Packers Shingle Edgers Self-feed Lath Machines Stave Heading and Shingle Bolting Bracket Band Saws Stave Cutters Stave Bolt Equalizers Barrel, Hoop and Heading Machier Little Giant Planers and Matchers THE CANADA WUOIMBEe eA Hub Machines Axe-Handle and Spoke Lathes Gauge Lathes Clothes Pin and Match Machinery Veneer Cutting Machines , Excelsior Machines Cheese Box Machinery Bung Machines Gate Scroll and Jig Saws Improved Pony Planers Stationary Bed Planers Machines Double Surfacers Revolving Bed Planers Jointers or Buzz Planers Stroke Jointers Daniel’s Planers * Shimer Matching Heads Moulding Knives Moulding Machines Cutter Heads Blind Machinery Hand and Foot Power Band Saws Box Nailing Machinery Planers and Matchers Belting, General Mill Supplies, Shafting, Hangers, Pulleys, Steam Fittings, etc. , TORONTO SEND FOR DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE. ADDRESS: | DJONOGH & OLIVER =33e WHOLESALE | DEALERS IN . OFFICE Nos. 213, 214 and 215 Board of Trade Building Toronto, Ont. 141 60 145 Front St. West (Adjoining New Union Passenger Station) FEBRUARY, 1894 Power and Foot Mortisers Shaping Machines English Planing and Thicknessing Rip and Crosscut Saw Tables Circular Re-Sawing Machines Relisher and Wedge Cutters Door and Sash Tenoners - Wood Turning Lathes Boring Machines Dove-tailing Machines Sand Papering Machinery Dowell Machines Improved Saw Arbors Circular Saws for all Wood Working - Machinery TORONTO AGENCY OF The Rathbun 60. —__———Are open to Purchase=———_ Oak, Arsh, Birch Basswood and Good Pine Lumber Gedar and Pine Shingles | Manufacturers having such for sale are invited to com municate with T. W. WALKER, Agent TOROS Office Cor. Spadina Ave. and Front Street .*. WILL make more Shingles per day than any self-acting machine withe vertical saw in existence, and more Shingles from the same quantity of timber. gE. a ar ee TAE FRAME————~ .Is of Iron throughout, very heavy and rigid, strongly bolted and braced. THE CARRIAGE . Is very light and strong, made of forged Cast Steel Plate, running on steel ways or tracks. Will take in a block 18 inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. — CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY————_ copy. ] Linpsay, May 18th, 1893. Mr. F. J. Drake, Belleville. Dear Sir,—The shingle machine we bought of you over a year ago is doing well. Last year we averaged over 32,000 shingles per day all through the season. We did not lose 15 minutes’ time from all stoppages, and all repairs sofar have not cost 50c. We ex- pect to make a still higher average cut this year. All our other machinery purchased from you is as good as the shingle machine. Your drag saw, with friction drive, cannot be beaten. We run ours 180 strokes per minute; with 614 ft. saw it would easily make blocks for two shingle machines. The splitter, with balance wheel 4 feet diameter, weighing 1,000 lIbs., is perfect and runs without the least jar. The iron frame shingle jointer with 40-inch saw is the only good jointer we ever saw. In fact, all your machinery, line shaft, pul- leys, etc., give us the best satisfaction. We expect to require another mill in a few days, and, if we do, will send you the order for complete outfit. Truly yours, M. Dovey. P.S.—If any one wants to see a good work- ing shingle mill send them to me.—M. D. oa FATENTEBB AND... MANUFACTURER OF (F. Jd. DRAKE! BEreLLeVIiLwe | Garr, be SAW, SHINGLE AND LATH MACHINERY | am | a erm aff 7 ef em fi! fos TORONTO, ONT., MARGH, 1894 ce la ede Seon. WSEy BY. Mieit lLeadines Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, , Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS ree GC) A a RS ITS AT, CO. eae e Manufacturers LONDON OFFICE: 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET CHICAGO aes: TRADERS’ BUILDING TREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS 74 Cortlandt st.; NEW YORK RUBBER BELTING © MONARCH, RED STRIP AND LION BRANDS. MANUFACTURED BY THE GUTTA PERCHA & RUBBER MANUFACTURING CO.OF TORONTO. OFFICE 61&63FRONTSTW.TORONTO. FACTORIES AT PARKDALE, ONT. ; Write For Discounts. JOM Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS, ONTARIO | Cc. C, CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhue & GO. GEO. GORMAGK Wholesale and Retail Dealer in MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF MANUFACTURERS OF f EATHER BELTING ecce a LUMBER WOOD - WORKING MAGHINBRY i == y MACHINE TOOLS, BTC. ann LACE LEATHER Danville, Que. LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL | WRITE FoR Prices AnD CATALOGUE | by WHITBY, ONTARIO | ro FON MANUFACTURERS e re Bins SaW 60. 9 & ps FACTORY: Phone 5120 wxs ~ 534-536 Dundas Street ITC —— €6gI ‘yI9¢ oun{ pojusqeg -*.*.: THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE “. AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED , ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT 1 38 SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY ——- THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Marcu, 1894 THE PRES Band Saw aaa THE mercer Uh a ae i BAND SAW MILL in different sizes Ottawa, Can., July 5th, 1892. Dear Sirs : It may interest you to know that on June 30th last, in eleven hours, the Band Mill—driven entirely by water—which we got from you, sawed 4,047 feet 1-inch Seah eae 415723 6 ae AE SMe a AW Oc aaa OT 106,619 feet. Yours truly, PEREEY, .oc-PATTEE: ort a BORE Sree S 11 [oi Aig SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE TO BAND SAW MILL 3 CARRIAGES soso ELAVILING ee Prescott’s Automatic Carriage Offsets — Prescott’s Direct-acting Steam Feeds COVES SAW TOOLS FOR FILING ROOM TOP GUIDE NOW MADE WITH GOOSE NECK ARM To WHOM IT MAY CONCERN : This is to certify that the Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- borough, Ontario, have been licensed to manu- facture and sell throughout the Dominion of Canada, the Band Saw Mill known and called the “Prescott Patent Band Mill,” also the device for Saw Mill Carriage known as the “Prescott Patent Offsetting Mechanism,” and by virtue of said license the said Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company possess the exclusive right to build and sell said machines for Canada, the plans for said ma- chines being furnished or ap- proved by the undersigned. (Signed) D. CLINT PRESCOTT, - [copy] Patentee. The Wm. Hamilton Mig. Co. Ltd. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. BRANCH OFFICE: VANCOUVER, B.C. i : + THE CANADA LUMBERMAN VoLumE XV. _ Numser 3. TORONTO, ONT., MARGH, 1894 J TERMS, 1.00 Per YEAR \ Since Cortes, 10 Cents WORKING UP WASTE, NDER the most favorable and economical conditions, says a lumber cotemporary, the waste in the manufacture of lumber is bound to be a big item. One looks at a tree in the forest, towering, it may be above its fellows and showing the straight, a ee A A A A A ee eae Ee long body that delights a timber hunter’s eye, and it seems to him that every inch of it ought to be available and of value. But looking at it with the eye of experience, he knows better. A rapid mental calcu- lation tells him that a very large proportion of it will find its way, not into the timber pile, but into the refuse burner or the sawdust pit. The magnificent top he knows is worthless anyway, the heart must come out, the sap runs into the low grades, and the butt possibly is worthless, Lopping off here a little and there a good deal as waste, and then of the really sound, clear timber turning a con- siderable quantity into sawdust, there is left at last a surprising small part of the whole as a product available for market: Some timbers work up better than others, of course, but in the best of thema large part of the cost of the marketable material produced is represented in that which is thrown away. The desirability of reducing this waste as much as _ possible was early recognized, and the history of lumber manufacture shows a steady, though slow progress in the direction of saving something out of the last material. Not so much goes into sawdust as formerly, and less into the slab pile or furnace ; but there is still more room _ for economy and a further profit to be made in a closer utilization of the contents ofatree. Comparatively little has yet been done in the saw mill business in working wood into small shapes. Lath and pickets have been made for years where the timber was suitable, but be- yond these there are few saw mills that undertake to do more than get as much boards, strips, plank and timber out of their logs as they will cut, letting everything that will not work up into this shape go into refuse. Un- questionably millions of feet of good lumber have been thrown away in this fashion, and the waste is still going on. When trees were plentiful and cheap it would have been useless and even unprofitable to attempt any saw- ing of this waste, but now it is important to work up as much as possible of it, the margin in lumber production having become so narrow that every means to produce it is necessary to success. It is true that some experiments in this direction have been failures. Several large mills, the proprietors of which sought to carry to its extreme limit the idea of working up everything that came from the tree big ‘enough to make a match splint, have gone into oblivion along with other schemes founded upon purely theoretical knowledge of the business. But the cause of failure was not the principle of avoiding waste, but its disproportion- ate development. With such people the idea is to use up everything that comes into the mill, almost regardless of the cost and relative profit. They do not sufficiently take into account the fact that there is no saving norany money in working up a thing that is not worth in the end the cost of making it. They spend more in saving waste than what the save will bring, which is even more foolish than throwing away something that at small cost might be turned intoa source of considerable revenue. Econ- omy can be so elaborate and carried to such extremes that it becomes extravagance and waste itself, which is the case with practically every operation which, boasting _ of the results it proposed to accomplish by means of its close utilization of every particle of timber, has yet split and gone to pieces because it could not somehow make its income exceed its outgo. The same principles should and must govern this part of wood conversion that controls the main work of saw- ing trees into timber. Costs and results may be fully considered in every case, and methods selected that are not only applicable to the particular wood handled, but that are adapted to the conditions of the business in respect to the cost of labor and the market available for the products, whatever they may be determined to be. Due regard being had to the peculiar circumstances of each case, there are few locations where it is not pos- sible to work up to advantage a very considerable part of the stuff that is now wasted. Not all mills can do it, of course, for not all of then are able to invest capital in such an extension of their business, but it is plain that all who can do it should give the matter attention. ardwood producers especially should make a careful /study of the subject. The waste is proportionately greater in the manufacture of the hardwoods than of the coniferous varieties, and hence a greater necessity of more careful economy in getting out of the logs all the ‘marketable stuff there is in them. But on the other hand many of the hardwoods have this advantage, that they are available for use in a large variety of small shapes, for which fair prices are obtainable and for which here is a steady demand. The time will no doubt come when most of the cut-up stock used in every factory where wood is worked up will be cut to the desired size and shape, or nearly so, at the saw mill, saving a good deal in material and the cost of handling to the user and pro- ducer. Even now orders are occasionally placed for small dimensions of hardwood, though, for the most part, these are st:ll cut by the user as he wants them from lumber of the regular merchantable sizes. Saw mill men should encourage buyers to place their orders, not for so much lumber, to be cut up when it gets to the factory, but for so many pieces of a certain size, which the mill men can often furnish at considerably less than they would cost cut in the old way, while netting himself a good profit by saving the larger part of the stock out o¢ refuse that would otherwise be ofno value. There is room here for a development in the business that would be decidedly advantageous for mill men and it is to be hoped that it may go on steadily. A DOCUMENT recently prepared by prominent Maine lumber manufacturers, intended to serve as a protest against the free lumber clause of the Wilson bill, contains some interesting statistics as to the size and character of the lumbering interests of this important lumber state. LUMBERMAN readers will be interested in the figures on the general principle of wanting to know all they can of the business in which they are engaged, and also because of the intimate relationship that exists between lumber methods in Maine, and our own Maritime provinces. In the first place it is shown that the total cut of logs in the state during 1893 amounted to 849,581,398 feet. Of this amount 573,811,627 feet was spruce, 107,330,822 pine, 100,357,101 hemlock, 60,904,701 cedar and 7,177,147 hardwoods. The cost of getting logs from the stumps to the various saw mills, including cutting, hauling, driving, boomage, shorage, tolls and other expenses is estimated at from $8 to $8.50 a thousand. The average cost of stumpage is $2, which makes the cost to the manu- facturer of spruce logs delivered at the mill from $10 to $10.50 a thousand. In other words from 75 to 80 per cent. of the cost of a cargo of sawed lumber is expended for labor, which is a larger percentage than on almost any other manufactured article. American citizens doing business at St. John, N. B., under the act of congress of March 16th, 1866, (which provided for the free importation of the product of logs LUMBERING INTERESTS IN MAINE. cut in the United States, but taken to a Canadian point for sawing) have from 15,000,000 to 20,000.000 feet of sawed lumber on hand, and from 90,000,000 to 100,000, - 000 feet of logs cut in 1892 and 1893, which have been carried over and will be marketed in 1894. Of this amount 90 per cent is spruce. About the usual amount of logs is being put in this winter under the provision of the above act, on the St. John river and its tributaries which will add largely to the stock to be marketed by the American citizens at St. John in 1894. American spruce logs lying in booms at St. John, side by side with provincial logs of the same quality, sell in the open market for $1.50 to $2 a thousand more than provincial logs, which just about represents the increased cost of labor in getting them out. There is now on hand 300,000,000 feet of logs and manufactured lumber cut in 1892-93 on the Penobscot, Kennebec, St. Croix, Union, Machias, Androscoggin and other rivers of Maine. The cut of logs in Maine during the present winter will be about two-thirds as large as last year. This will give 879,000 000 feet to be marketed in 1894. An interesting point touching the question of forestry is brought out in this report, it being estimated by ex- perts that the timber in a single Maine township renews its growth equal in amount to what six or eight horses, kept constantly at work, can haul to landings. In the great forest fire of 1825, extending from the Penobscot waters, in Maine, to the Miramichi, in New Brunswick, 600,000 acres of timber land were burned over, but so rapid was the new growth that large lumbering oper- ations have been conducted on this same territory for years, and it is now equal in value to the same number of acres in any other section of the Maine forests. Town- ships which have been cut upon constantly are reckoned as the most valuable, for a judicious cutting of the large trees makes possibly the more rapid growth of the smaller trees. A few years ago it was supposed by many that the spruce forests of Maine would be destroyed by beetles, but it is now admitted by those familiar with the subject that the worms, or beetles, only attack the old trees, which have begun to decay. The assessor's books show that in the state of Maine there are 13,214,027 acres of timber land, valued for the purpose of state and county taxes at $34,204,- 634. WOOD THAT WILL NOT BURN, CCORDING to Nicholas T. Wilson, an inventor, of Chicago, IIl., there is no necessity in future for the destruction by fire of frame dwellings, or any other kind of buildings constructed of wood. He has invented a plan by which with certain solutions of chemicals wood is rendered non-inflammable. Saturated in the solution, it is impossible, he maintains, for a piece of lumber to burn, even if it should be soaked in coal oil. The wood or inflammable material of which houses are constructed is first immersed in the solution of chemicals for a period of twenty-four hours. Then the lumber is fire-proof and will burn no more than a piece of iron or stone. By means of the chemicals the wood becomes so dense that heat will decompose it by charring only, but will not cause any flame. The substance produces an inert gas, which prevents combustion. By this scientific process of making wood non-inflammable, Mr. Wilson believes that thousands of fires nay be prevented. He also thinks that, after the invention is thoroughly known, many rail- road cotches will be built of wood so prepared. This would prevent railroad horrors resulting from fires after a wreck. Several car builders have seen the test and are satisfied that it is impossible to burn the wood after it is once immersed in the substance, 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Marcu, 1894 ELEPHANTS AS SAWMILL HANDS. al eae displays of trained animals, broken for show pur- poses, cannot offer the slightest comparison in interest to the trained elephant exhibition one sees in the city of Moulmein, British Burmah. The most absorbingly entertaining feature of the novel sight is the paradoxically industrious character which the work of those huge Indian pachyderms assumes. It hardly seems possible that the work of a sawmill, usually done by human hands, could be accomplished through the medium of the elephant’s trunk and the elephant’s sagacity ; nevertheless it is a fact that the Irawadi steamship company uses some forty to fifty elephants in the operation of its sawmills at Moulmein, and the teakwood so largely entering into the construction of ships is here made ready for the artisan. A gentleman lately returned from a tour of the east gives an interesting account of the manner in which the mills are operated. The logs are chopped in the interior and floated several hundred miles down the - Salwin river to the mill, which is situated on the banks of the stream at Moulmein. Here the logs are formed into a boom, and henceforth the work of transporting is done by the elephants. The boom is very similar to those we see in Canadian lumbering districts, but instead of the sight of men, brightly garbed in red and blue, running from log to log and moving them with long steel-pointed poles, we see great, ponderous elephants wading and swimming among the teak logs and pushing them toward the shore. The logs are not sawed directly from the water, but are first seasoned, and the elephants not only bring the logs from the water to the land, but also stack them in huge piles, convey them to the mill, saw them, and afterward pile the lumber. Of course, each elephant performs only such certain parts of the work for which he has been trained, and the entire herd is divided into companies of from two to eight. One- division of the paehyderms does the work in the water, another com- pany carries the logs to the drying or seasoning stacks, others pile them, another class convey the dry logs to the mill, where some of the elephants do the work of sawing, still others pile the saw lumber, and another herd carries hay and prepares the food for this great industrial combination of brute strength and intelli- gence. But the most wonderful, interesting, novel and almost incredible feature of the entire combination is the sight of. two monstrously large male elephants that actually act in the capacity of bosses or overseers of the work. These move from place to place among the working elephants, spurring them on, pushing, driving, and frequently chastising a lazy or recalcitrant member of force. Very few men are needed to direct the elephants in their work.. From six to eight of the animals usually work in the water. These wade or swim, accord- ing to the depth of the water, to the log boom, and loosening several logs at a time, tow them to the shore at a.certain point. Each of the company of elephants that convey the logs from this point to the drying place has a chain attached to his neck and reaching to the ground. At the bottom of the chain is a loop through which the log is run. A man directs the movements of the elephants in placing the log within the coil of the chain. The elephant picks up another log by his trunk and in this manner drags two at a time to the seasoning stacks. About eight ele- phants are employed in this capacity. The work of piling the logs to dry is done by two female elephants. Each winds her trunk akout the log near the end, and together they raise it in a horizontal position and place it on the stack. After the logs have dried sifecently they are ready for the mill. Two female elephants take the dry logs from the piles and deliver them to a herd similar in training to those that -vork between the water and the seasoning stacks. These convey the logs to a track over which asmallecarruns to the mill. Only one log ata time is placed on this car. As soon as a log is in posi- tion on the car an elephant trained for this particular part of the work pushes the car to the mill. Arrived at the mill the log is pushed from the car to a carrier that passes beneath the buzz saw. As soon as the log is thus transferred to the carrier the elephant operating the car returns for another log, while another huge beast, trained to do the sawing, operates the carrier and pushes the log against the saw. But the interest- ing part of the work does not end here, for as the log is being sawed into the desired boards and _ timbers, another elephant receives the completed material, pil- ing the slabs on One side and the more valuable product on the other. But two men are required to oversee and direct the elephants in sawing the logs. Another detachment of the herd is used in carrying the lumber from the mill to the yards and sheds. For this purpose very long trucks with the low front and back wheels close to each other are used. There are elephants trained for loading trucks to the sheds. In the lumber yards are the “pilers” or elephants that take the lumber from the trucks and place it in piles for further seasoning. As stated before, there.is one detachment of this strange army of laborers which does the “kitchen work” for the hotel de elephant, or whatever the feed- ing place of these big fellows may be called. Some may be seen carrying for the stables, but by far the most interesting sight is the preparation of the food. This is composed of grass, bran and molasses, and is mixed in a large vat. While some are carrying these different components of this highly delectable elephan- tine boarding house hash, others are engaged in mix- ing it with pestles which they dexterously manipulate with their trunks. The narrator observed one of the elephants suddenly stop in his work with the pestle and refuse to wield his mixing stick any further. One of the two big boss elephants was called to the scene, and, picking up the recalcitrant’s pestle beat him with it over the back and hips until he returned to his work. Only about ten men are employed in directing the work of the entire herd of elephants. Those who have seen this novel mill at Moulmein in operation all agree in giving it the credit of being the greatest exhibition of trained animals in the world, and say that Hagenbeck’s, and, in fact, all other trained animal shows, are simply nowhere near “in line” with it. The mill hands, or more properly speaking, the mill trunks of this institution, have never yet gone out ona strike. CHEAP POWER FOR MANUFACTURERS. N a suggestive article on ‘‘ The Economics of Electric Power,” which appears in Cassier’s Magazine for March, Mr. H. L. Lufkin, a prominent electrical engi- neer, draws a very striking picture of what has more recently been accomplished in the way of applying electric motors to the driving of machinery of all kinds. So much has been said and written in a general way of the convenience and economy of applying electricity to the driving of shop tools that specific facts and figures, derived from actual experience, are most welcome addi- tions to the literature of the subject, and every power user must, therefore, needs appreciate the valuable reference data given in the article. One of the advant- ages of using electric motors is found in the fact that they may be connected to the machinery to be operated almost directly, without the intervention of long lines of shafting, whose friction losses alone often represent an appreciable item of expense. Referring to this feature, Mr. Lufkin says : The apparent losses in shafting had always been vaguely estimated until the advent of the electric motor, by which, with the aid of an ampere indicator, these losses are readily and accurately determined. As a result ofa test in some thirty shops of varied descriptions, made in 18go, it was discovered that 68 per cent. of the average power applied in these shops was consumed in the shafting. Some data recently very kindly furnished to the writer by one of the large electric companies, which, by the way, is furnishing current for operating about four or five thousand horse-power in electric motors, cover seventy-one shops. The totals of these shops showed that 121,524 watts represented the average _ total energy supplied, and that 84,700 watts were con- sumed in the shafting, etc., being 69 2-3 per cent, of the average power, thus approximately checking the tests of sidered the “black sheep of the melon family.” 1890, These friction losses in shafting in the mills and factories before referred to have been partially elimin- ated by means of grouping tools in sets and otherwise, driven by electric motois, so that entire sets might be completely shut down when not actually in use without interfering with the remainder of the shops, and long lines of transmitting shafting and belting between floors or from building to building have thus been dispensed — with. An interesting example of the economy derived from this grouping of tools is found in a factory now be- ing equipped with an electrical transmission system. A preliminary expetiment in this factory showed that the saving in fuel alone will certainly exceed 50 per cent: and possibly 60 per cent. In one recent ifistahce a card, indicating fifty-nine horse-power,; was taken from an engine driving a large machine shop; a blacksmith shop with pneumatic hammer, blowers, etc., a pattern shop; and numerous special tools on three floors of a building about seventy-five feet square. This card was taken with all tools idle, thus showing friction only. The same tools were rearranged and grouped into several sets, ’ driven by electric motors, and under the conditions the average indicator card from the engine driving the dynamos which furnish the power for these same tools is about twenty-five horse-power, covering friction, power for the tools and all. The convenience and flexibility of an electrical power transmission system are frequently commented on by present users, from the fact that single tools or small groups of tools may be efficiently operated in isolated locations, or locations at considerable distances from the main power plant. The great saving derived in an elec- trical system owing to the intermittent use of tools, was long since taken advantage of by the builders of travel- ing cranes, and to-day probably ninety-nine out of every hundred traveling cranes installed are operated entirely by electric power, an independent motor being used for each of the several functions of the crane. Many foundries now work their jib cranes with directly geared motors, taking current, in many instances, from the same dynamo which lights the shops. THE SHADDOCK TREE. MONG the interesting trees of the South is the “shad- dock,” or “‘ grape fruit” tree. Its name “ shaddock’ is due to the fact that it was introduced from its native clime, the Malayan and Polynesian islands, to the west- ern tropics by Captain Shaddock, many years ago. From . this fact the larger, coarser varieties, which are never « imported, take their name. They are also called by the native islanders “ forbidden fruit” or.pomelos. The trees grow a height of thirty or forty feet and are very beauti- ful. The leaves resemble the leaves of an orange tree are glossy, dark green and very downy upon the under sides and upon the young shoots. The shaddock is con- It grows singly and often attainsa weight of fifteen pounds, while the grape fruit known in this country grows in clusters. The outside of all varieties is pale yellow, according to the kind. The rind and the divisions are extremely bitter. Of late years it has been widely cultivated in Florida, for as its medicinal properties become known the demand for the fruit increases. AMMONIA AN ENEMY TO WOOD. gi. injurious effect of ammonia upon paint and var- nish have been so frequently referred to that few are unaware of the loss that is sure to occur if painted surfaces are exposed to its fumes, but it is not so well — known that this enemy to paint is also an enemy to wood, particularly when in a green state. Its worse effects are shown upon oak and hickory, but it operates against other hard woods. If any of our bard timbers are piled up to season near a stable or other place where they are brought in contact with the fumes of ammonia, it will ruin the timber by rendering the fiber brittle and destroy- ing its elasticity. The discoloring of oak is often due to the presence of ammonia. To protect the timber from this enemy it must be well covered, and so piled while seasoning that a good current of air can circulate freely among the piles and between the respective pieces, Marcu, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 : LUMBER RANKS BROKEN. - DEATH OF FOUR PROMINENT LUMBERMEN. ISAAC’ MOORE. An early lumberman of the Ottawa district, Mr. Isaac Moore, died suddenly a week ago. Deceased was born in Hull, January 15th, 1823, and was brough up there, but the last 37 years of his life was spent in - Ottawa. He was a first cousin of the late David Moore. He leaves six children, three sons and three daughters to mourn his loss. EDWARD D. DAVISON. provinces, in the person of Edward D. Davison, of the firm of E.D. Davison & Sons, died at his home, at Bridgewater, N.S., on the 21st February. Mr. Davison was born at Mill Village, Queen’s County, N.S. His ancestors hailed from Connecticut. His first sawmill ‘was started in his own villagein 1840. In less than ten years he enlarged his milling capacity, and added steam to his water power. In 1865, in partnership with his sons, he commenced business on the Lahare river in Lunenburg County, and it was not many years before he was able to lead all competitors. In 1890 and 1891 the firm secured and remodled the lumber business on the Midway and Nictaux rivers, comprising 100,000 acres of land and three lumber mills. Last year the arm cut 20,- ~ 000,000 feet of logs, and 16,000,000 feet of lumber. In 1854 deceased was elected to the local legislature and served a term of four years. He was generous toa fault arid had gathered around him during his life-time a large circle ot friends. He leaves behind him a widow, three sons and four daughters. GEO. CORMACK. : Few lumbermen were better known throughout the _ province of Ontario than Mr. Geo. Cormack, of Whitby, Ont., whose death occurred on Tuesday, 20th February, ; in his 64th year. Particularly throughout the lumber territories of the north, deceased was well known, he having been a frequent visitor to these points for many years, where he had a large business connection. Geo Cormack was born at Aberdeen, Scotland, in 1829. He was selected by the Queen’s architects to carve a model of Balmoral castle for her inspection before that fine Highland palace was built. He came direct to Whitby from Scotland about 4o years ago, and shortly after- . wards started a retail lumber business. From these small beginnings he branched out into milling and lumbering, developmg an extensive wholesale lumber trade. Per- sonaliy he was a man who was greatly esteemed for his high character, integrity and kindly disposition. He occupied for a short time a position as councillor of his own town, but he had no particular relish for public life, preferring to live the life of the quite and respected citizen. He was a member of the Presbyterian church and a Liberal in politics. A widow, one son, and three daughters survive him. The business will be carried on as usual by the son, George, who, for the past three years, since illness had confined the father at home, has been the active head of the concern. JOHN B. SMITH. On 7th inst., John B. Smith, founder and senior mem- ber of the firm of John B. Smith & Sons, lumber merchants of this city, passed away at the age of 75 . years. Deceased was one of Toronto’s best known and most highly respected citizens. While engaged in over- “seeing the erection of a mill at Angus two years ago he overtaxed his strength, and the result was the illness that finally caused his death. Mr. Smith was born in Greenock, Scotland, in 1819, and when a young man he _ followed his business as a ship carpenter at St. John, N. B., Charleston, S.C., and New Orleans. He sub- _ sequently went into business as a contractor, and as such _he constructed a number of bridges on the Scottish Central, now the Caledonian Railway, one of them being _ the bridge at Stirling, over the Forth, and another over _ the Bannock at Bannockburn. He became resident of Toronto on October 17th, 1850, having previously been a short time in Brantford. He engaged in trade here as _ a grocer and provision dealer, on a large scale, and. associated with him was Mr. Robert Jaffray. The busi- ness was continued until 1859, and in conjunction with it Mr. Smith carried on the business of a contractor and lumber dealer. Subsequent to 1859 he devoted himself exclusively to the lumber business, in which he succeeded, despite reverses which would have discouraged a less resolute man. Thrice were his factory and lumber yards destroyed by fire, and thrice his sawmills at Angus; but under his directing hand they rose up out of their ashes larger and better than ever. As a business man Mr. Smith was the personification of probity and uprightness. He would scorn to take an unfair advantage for gain, or to do any act that would involve a sacrifice of his honor. Though in later years a wealthy man, he led a life of unostentatious simplicity, and never lost sight of the smallest details of his business, every feature of which he knew thoroughly. If there was one thing that gratified him more than another it was to see work properly done, and the mechanic who acquitted bimself well was always sure of hiscommendation. Mr. Smith was married three times. His first wife died in the old country, leaving one son. His second wife was a sister of Mr. Robert Jaffray, while the widow who survives him is a daughter of the late John Armour, of York Mills. The deceased leaves behind him twelve children—six sons and six daughtets. Three of the sons have been partners in the business, and will continue to carry it on. Mr. Smith was a Presbyterian, and a member of St. James’ Square Presbyterian Church. Politically he was a staunch and consistent Liberal. ONTARIO’S TIMBER POLICY. ae timber policy of the Province was defended in a vigorous, and in many respects, exhaustive speech, from the Commissioner of Crown Lands during the debate on the Budget a few days ago. Mr. Hardy replying to a criticism as to the lumber output of the province for some years back gave the following figures : The output in 1869 was 524 millions of feet board measure ; 1872, 678 millions, and in 1893, 765 millions, or not quite one hundred millions more in 1893 than in 1872. In 1886 the output was 625 millions ; in 1887, 628 millions ; in 1888, 781 millions, and in 1889, 818 millions. Four years ago the output was more than it was last year. In 1892 it was 694 millions, and in 1893, 765 inillions, or about fifty millions less than in 1889. These figures represent the quantity of timber actually cut and upon which dues were paid. When we come to consider revenue from Crown lands the case, said the Commissioner, is somewhat different, for the reason that the bonusing system is comparatively modern. In 1873 we received as revenue $832,119 ; in 1882, $539.610 ; in 1886, $731,845 ; in 1887, $1,004,304 ; in 1888, $1,652,659 ; in 1889, $1,027,531; in 1892, $2,- 135,849 ; in 1893, $1,858,896. On this point the follow- ing question was interjected by Mr. Clancey: Will the hon. gentleman permit me to ask if the ground rent, bonus and timber dues are not essentially a part of the same thing, growing out of the timber sales? Mr. Hardy replied: “Ground rents are not bonuses in the slighest degree. When the land is a virgin forest the ground rent of $3 per mile is still payable upon it. Un- til the limits are put under license no revenue whatever is derived from them. The dues are paid on the timber when cut. It does not follow that the licensees will cut the timber when they pay their ground rent. They may wait 5, Io or 20 years, and, in the meantime, the Govern- ment is receiving ground rent. The timber taken out from 1873 to 1882, inclusive, was 4,433 million feet ; from 1883 to 1892, 6,184 million feet, or an increase of 39 per cent., instead of 83 percent. The bonuses were, from 1873 to 1882, $422,890, and from 1883 to 1892 $3,189,000, or an increase of 654 per cent.” The hon. Commissioner then turned to a record of the timber sales before and since Confederation. Before Confederation there was sold, he pointed out, at the rate of fifty cents per mile, no fewer than 9,904 miles of tim- ber, while there was also sold before Confederation 2,561 miles upon which was paid a bonus of $116,771, averag- - ing $45.50 per mile. Thus the total disposed of before Confederation was 12,465 miles. Since Confederation the record of timber sales was as follows :— The Sandfield Macdonald Government, in four years, 635 mile. The Blake Government, in one year, $592,601, an average of $117.79 per mile. Mowat Government, in 22 years, 4,284 miles, for $5,- 101,627.75, an average of $1,205.15 per mile. Thus the total sales since Confederation amounted to 9,900 miles, which, added to the 12,465 miles sold before Confeder- ation, made a total of 22,365 miles sold down to the present time. The Sandfield Macdonald and the Blake sales were made subject to a ground rent of $2 per inile, and to dues of 75 cents per thousand feet. Of the 4,234 miles sold by the Mowat Government the terms were as follows :— 2,766 miles were sold subject to $2 per mile ground rent and 75 cents per thousand feet dues ; 835 miles were subject to $3 per mile ground rent and $1 per thousand feet dues ; and 633 miles were subject to $3 per mile ground rent and $1.25 per thousand feet dues. The Sanfield Macdonald Government made four sales in four years, or an average of one every year, and the present Government had made six sales in twenty-two years—one in about four years. Put another way, the Sandfield Macdonald Government sales had averaged 159 r.iles per year, and the sales under the Mowat Government had averaged 192 miles per year. Continu- ing, the Commissioner showed that as between the present Government and preceding Governments the figures quoted show that there were sold during a period of 31 years prior to the time of this Government—1873— 18,227 square miles, and during the 22 years of this Government 4,324 miles. He took the period of 31 years before the present Government took office because that was the time, about 1841, when the Government of Canada first began to make sales of timber. Of the amount sold before Confederation 9,904 miles were so sold at 50 cents per mile and 2,561 miles at an average of $45.50 permile. During the five years from 1867 to 1873, 5,666 miles were sold for $759,963, or an average of $133.77 per mile. From 1873 to 1894 under the Mowat Government, 22 years, 4,234 miles were sold for $5,101,627, or an average of $1,205.15 per mile. Referring to the charge of members of the opposition that large areas of timber limits have been sold, which had they been reserved to the present time, would have brought greatly increased prices and would now have been filling the Proyincial coffers, the Commissioner said : ‘Tt is true that there have been recent sales of limits between private individuals at very large prices, limits that were sold by the Crown 30 or 4o years ago, before the time of Confederation, when the fixed charge was 50 cents per square mile, or a little later, when the average was $45 a square mile. For example, the Lumsden, formerly McLaren, limits sold recently for $400,000, which were originally bought for 50 cents per mile. The Perley & Pattee limits on the Bonnechere, bought for 50 cents per mile, sold for $750,000. The Dickson, estate limits, bought at the same price, sold for $400,000. The Georgian Bay Lumber Company sold a portion of their limits, bought from the Goverment for $50 per square mile, for $1,000,000, including some lum- ber, deducting which, the price for the limits themselves has been estimated at $750,000. These limits were dis- posed of by the Crown before Confederation, and, of course, prior to the existence of the present Government.” The objection has been urged that it is wrong to use receipts from timber taken from the forests and apply it from year to year asrevenue. The Commissioner replied by saying that there is not a single representative country in existence on this continent or elsewhere where the receipts from timber taken from the forests is not applied from year to year as revenue. miles for $165,362, an average 5,03! miles for A THREE CENT STAMP DOES IT. O’ receipt of a three cent stamp we will mail free to any address a copy of our little hand-book entitled “Rules and Regulations for the inspection of pine and hardwood lumber,” as adopted by the lumber section and sanctioned by the Council of the Board of Trade, of Toronto, June 16, 1890. Address, CANADA LUMBER- MAN, Toronto, Ont. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, $1.00 a year. Subscribe. p 7 3 se THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE First OF EACH MONTH as ARTHUR G. MORTIMER ’ OFFICE. 75 CANADA LIFE ASSURANCE BUILDING Toronto, ONTARIO TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy One Year, Im Advance ...0).0.. csc cc eve censcecvorvens $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ..................eeseeeeees 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION J. S. ROBERTSON, - - - EDITOR. Tue Canapa LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the couummerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and*timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing thesc topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations, Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting the truth. Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the Canapa LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘WanTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tionet the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the CANapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not ‘be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. LATE R. W. PHIPPS. AN important side of the lumber interests loses a staunch friend in the death of Mr. R. W. Phipps, chief clerk of Forestry, for the Ontario government, who died at his late residence in this city on Sunday 18th inst. Deceased was well-known not alone for his interest in and close study of the subject of forestry, but for the wide and intelligent sympathy he showed for public affairs generally. Mr. Phipps was a Canadian by birth, having been born in Toronto, December 7th, 1834, and was therefore in his 60th year at the time of his death. He spent twelve years of his life on the Globe, first as compositor, and afterwards as proof-reader. Sometime after this he removed to a farm in the township of St. Vincent, in the county of Grey, and remained there until 1872. It was while engaged in farming he obtained a_ practical knowledge of forestry, which he afterwards turned to good account on behalf of his native province. Deceased was possessed of a strong literary instinct. He became quite a prolific writer on public and literary tropics, through the newspaper press and by the medium of the pamphlet. He was one of the early and most enthusiastic advocates of the National Policy, and a pamphlet, he wrote at the time the struggle for the N. P. was at its height, is believed to have played a prominent part in influencing public opinion on these lines. In al his writing Mr. Phipps gave much attention to the garb, in which his thoughts were clothed. He was a man of culture and wide reading, and in everything that came from his pen this bent of mind was plainly to be seen. In 1883 the Department of Foiestry was created by the Provincial government, and Mr. Phipps became chief clerk. Since that time his best thoughts have been given to this subject. He studied the question closely and lost no opportunity by voice or pen to bring his views before the attention of lambermen and others. In 1892 when the Algonquin Park commission was appointed he be- came a member of it, Mr. Phipps was neyer married, Marcu, 189 4 EDITORIAL NOTES. THE mills on the Ottawa are not expected to begin sawing before the first week in May, and there is not likely to be any night sawing, BRITISH COLUMBIA lumbermen are pushing their lumber wherever opportunity presents itself. Its claims are now being pressed upon the Dominion Government, the statement being made that the pine of the coast is better than the oak and cheaper. Certain tests made at McGill University, prove, it is alleged, that British Columbia wood has greater strength either for pillars or beams. ONE of the most hopetul signs of future trade, noted in our trade review this month, is the growing spirit of confidence in lumber circlesin Great Britain. To quote an English authority on the question: “ The belief ina gradual improvement in trade gains ground, and there is now no inclination to sacrifice stocks, which fact has helped to stiffen prices for most descriptions of timber.” THE Puget Sound Lumberman summarises the out- put of lumber and shingles in those territories for 1893, as follows, and contrasts the figures with those of 1892 thus : = Lumber, Feet——~ —— Shingles —~ 1893 1892 1893 18g2 Washington. ..764,234,912 1,164,425,880 1,829,528,500 1,883,808,750 Oregon....... 449,030,250 608,600,200 86,486,000 162,340,000 B’hColumbia. . 96,954,000 164,877,000 84,975,000 126,273,000 Montana ..... 65,063,953 no comp’n 10,500,000 no comp'n North’n Idaho 22,120,000 re 13,950,000 me Total. ..1,398,407,115 —1,937,903,080 2,0355439,500 2,172,481,750 THERE is something daringly dazzling in the plans of the average Frenchman. At atime when the hardwood dealer treasures with care his stock of mahogany, know- ing that every splinter counts, we read that the Paris Municipal Council is now making roadways of this precious wood. A portion of the Rue Lafayette has been pulled up and workmen are laying down blocks of real Brazilian mahogany ofa fine texture and color. The cost of the business seems to be fully recognized by the Parisians, but it is thought that the extra outlay will be more than covered by the extra durability of the mahogany. AT the Forestry Congress held in Adbany, N. Y., on the 1st of the present month, among those who took part in the proceedings was Mr. Wm. Little, of Montreal. Discussing the outlook for forestry in New York State, Mr. Little expressed the view that it would pay the State to expend millions and millions for the protec- tion of the Adirondacks, not at $2 or $3 per acre, but even at $20 per acre. Colonel W. F. Fox, of the Forest Commission, of the State, communicated the information that there were forty-six varieties of trees in the Adiron- dacks, and that the main problem of the commission was how to make the State Department self-sustaining, and at the same time establish a system of preserving the forests. Ata later session of the Congress Mr. Little read a paper on “ Timber Tariff.” AT a meeting of the Paper Makers’ Association of Canada held during the month at the Queen’s Hotel, a discussion of the wood pulp industry was a leading feature of the conference. Before the passage of the Mc- Kinley act the wood pulp mills in Canada numbered 28 in operation, and a very considerable share of the pro- duct was exported to the States. The heavy duties im- posed under that act has practically closed the market, and as a result 16 of the wood pulp mills have been shut down. The new Wilson bill makes no change in the wood pulp tariff, and the paper makers think it is time to play a return game. This can be done by putting an export duty on the Canadian spruce used in American pulp mills, and thus increasing the price of their raw material. A great inany American paper makers have pulp mills entirely dependent, it was said, on Canadian spruce. Under normal conditions if the McKinley duty - js taken off much of the pulp would be manufactured in Canada for export. The condition of the trade will be made known to the committee of the Cabinet engaged on the tariff inquiry with a view to securing a modi- fication of the law. THE log problem gives rise to various suggestions- Mr. R. A. Johnson, of Bay City, Mich., says: “The great problem now is where to obtain the 250,000,000 feet of logs needed to keep the mills stocked. The Georgian Bay and East Algoma district of Canada is the region to which the mills must look for supply. The present arrangement is a very comfortable one for the American lumbermen and manufacturer, and if the Canadian government does not disturb it, there is no reason why the American lumbermen should want it changed.” The Toronto Star, makes this contention, in urging the im- position of an export duty on logs: “ The way in which Ontario’s lumber business has been moved across the lakes is shown by the immense concern opening out at East Tawas, Mich., where a company has purchased 100 acres on the shore of a bay, giving it nearly a mile of water front. The plant is to be the most extensive in the state and comprises two large saw mills with a capacity of 300,000 feet a day, a mill that can turn out 150,000 shingles a day, two salt blocks and wells, a dry kiln, and a general store that will do a business of $75,- ooo a year. There will be six enormous docks, three booms capable of holding 7,000,000 feet of logs and room for 100,000,000 in sight if needed. The company is log- ging 70,000,000 feet of logs in Georgian bay. Its pay roll will be $15,000 a month—on the Michigan side, of course—and 350 men will be employed.” Worp comes from Minneapolis of the consummation of the biggest deal in Minnesota pine lands of recent years. The negotiations, which have been pending for the transfer of vast stumpage in the northern part of the state held by C. A. Pillsbury & Co., and T. B. Walker, to a syndicate of Minneapolis lumbermen, and which include practically all the lumber manufacturing firms of the city, have been brought to a successful close. This is said to be the largest body of standing pine in the world. Most of it is near Leech lake. The practi- cal effect of the deal is to unite the Minneapolis lumber interests in one organization, so far as the purchase of logs is concerned. The tract covers thirty townships and is estimated to contain 225,000 acres of pine. The amount of pine is estimated at 1,500,000 feet and a deal involves a matter of $10,000,000. None of the parties will disclose the price per thousand, but it plain that it is a low figure and that the effect of the deal will be to unify Minneapolis prices. The firm composing the syndicate are Nelson, Tenny & Co., E. W. Backus & Co., Shevely, Carpenter & Co., Carpenter, Bros. & Co., Leavitt, Horr & Co., and J. W. Day & Co., of Minneapolis, and Wells Bros., of Clinton, Ia. The sale includes the Brainerd and Minnesota logging road and saw mills, and the planing mill and entire plant of the Northern Mill Co. at Drayton. LUMBERMEN from the Ottawa say that the shortage of the annual cut of logs on the timber limits this winter will not affect the cut of lumber in the mills at the Chaudiere this year, but may possibly affect it more or less seriously in 1895. From twenty to twenty-five per cent. of the cut of logs of last winter in the woods will not come out this season, owing to the unusual depth of snow in the bush, which practically paralysed the drawing. As the lumber- men at the Chaudiere get out between them some 950,- ooo standards of logs, and each standard furnishes some 235 feet of sawn lumber, it can be readily seen that the reduction of 25 per cent. of the forest winter cut will mean a curtailment in the output of sawn lumber in the mills in 1895, although not this year. Not only has the log cut suffered by the deep snow, but the square timber — cut is claimed to be worse, as it is asserted it will be fully forty per cent. less than last year. This is greatly owing to the more unwieldy length of this class of lumber, which is much harder to be hauled in deep snow than the com- paratively short log. The shortage of square timber is not looked upon as very serious, however, as the prices last year were small, and a shortage in the supply this year may help to lift up the price for the market of 1896. At the Chaudiere this coming summer, Mr. J. R. Booth will, it is expected, cut one hundred million feet of lumber ; Benson & Weston, five million feet ; and Buell & Hurdman, forty-five million feet, il he ie THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ; PROMINENT Ottawa lumberman was asked a few days ago when he thought the log drive would commence. “Ask me something easy,” he replied. “I know a little something about lumbering operations, but when you come to ask me when the drive will commence, I must plead ignorance, for the commencement of the drive is one of the unknown things, for everything de- pends on the weather If we had an extraordinary early break up it might begin the Ist of April, and if it was strangely late it might not begin before the 1st of May. Everything depends on the weather. Ordinary seasons, the drives in the up river sections are started about the 15th of April. “But come to think of it, it may be a little earlier this year than usual because the ice is very poor and I think will disappear rapidly once the spring thaw sets in.” “ How about the price of lumber this summer ?” “Oh, I don’t think there will be any change from last season’s figures as conditions are about the same. Things are brightening up in the United States, and I think we should have a fairly good season. As to whether the tariff comes off or keeps on it will make but a very fractional difference. From all I can see I think we should have a reasonably busy season.” * * & * Government Statistician Johnson has prepared a com- prehensive report to the minister of finance regarding the growth and extent of the lumber trade in Canada. Referring to the demand for an export duty on logs as necessary to the preservation of our lumber re- sources, Hon. Mr. Foster said: “ During the coming session the government will not consider itself debarred from taking the course that is shown to be imperatively necessary because any persons have last year or this year, on the existing state of things, bought limits or in- vested in timber lands in our country.” oe ee Mr. E. C. Grant, of Ottawa, manager of the Ottawa Lumber Company, says, “The prospects of the lumber trade were excellent. A marked improvement had taken place this year, the American market was flat, but the English market, which had been dead for the last few seasons, had shown great signs of revival, and, in his opinion, the trade with England will be excellent during this year. One marked incident this season is that the great Americar contracts for lumber to be cut during 1 e summer, which are usually made in February, have not been entered into owing tothe Wilson tariff bill. These contracts will be made lateron. As regards the season’s output Mr. Grant thinks the cut will be larger than ever, and his own company will make a heavy increase over last season.” : % % * * Frank McDonald, who recently returned froma busi- ness trip to the camps of the Ontario Lumber Co., says the snow was seven feet deep on the level. He says: “ There was only the one track. When we met a loaded team we had to unhitch our horses and get them off the the road and upset our sleigh off the track to let the loaded team past. When two teams with loads met they divided up the beaten track, the horses being hitched up in tandem fashion until the sleighs pass each other. No one unless by actual experience can understand the difficulty in getting off a beaten track where snow is seven feet deep. In our journey we saw great numbers of deer. In some places they were thick as cattle in a barnyard. I saw Indians shooting many of them but had no time for sport myself.” x * * wW. J. McFaul, son of H. A. McFaul, Hillier, was cut- ting saw logs on his place in Ameliasburgh a few days ago when his axe struck a file about a foot long, which was embedded in the timber. How it got there in that shape is a mystery. Not far from that place in the same woods Mr. McFaul found a suin of money. The money had been placed in quite a large tree. The top of the tree being dead it was decided best to cut it into fuel: When splitting the first length a package was exposed to view. A hole had been bored in the tree about six inches deep with an inch and a half auger, and the money placed therein. The hole had been completely covered by a growth of wood and batk. The contents of the package was as follows: One $ro bill, one $1 bill, one 50c. piece, two 2§c. pieces, one toc. piece and two 5c. pieces. The money had been well preserved and was all good. * * & There is now in the river, says a Chaudiere lumberman, large quantities of logs which fill almost every boom for a long distance up the Ottawa. On the upper Ottawa there are five large rafts of square timber owned by Messrs. Barnet and Mackay, A. Fraser and Klock. These will, in all probability, be conveyed down to the Quebec market quite early in the season. There will not be many rafts of square timber on the Ottawa this year as the winter season was most detrimental to the taking out of large timber whether for dimenision cutting or logs. It is safe to say that the amount of logs which will come down from the upper shanties this year will be less than that of 1893. Just what the difference may amount to is impossible to know just now. It is said on good authority that the cut of lumber in the saw mills of this city and Hull will not this year be so materially altered by the small cut of logs in the lumber camps along the Ottawa valley. # & A California reader of the LUMBERMAN sendsa bit of history of Mr. Robert Dollar, who has recently purchased a large interest in the Usal Lumber Company, and be- comes general manager at a salary that would knock the salary-economists of the city hall dizzy. I am inclined to think that even some of the fat-fee-fed-officers of the Ontario government, to quote from the speeches of her Majesty’s loyal opposition, would simply be no where along side of Mr. Dollar. But “ Dollars” count, and especially when they are Canadian “ Dollars,” and the circulating locality is the United States. The Republic to the south of us owes much of its prosperity to brain and energy that has come from this side of the line. The name Dollar was for years a familiar one in Canada in lumbering circles. Readers of these lines will remem- ber the late Mr. John Dollar, who was for years identi- fied with the lumber interests of Midland, where he built his first mill, and later united with Mr. H. H. Cook, and others, operating as the Ontario Lumber Company. In 1889, John Dollar removed to San_ Rafael, Cal., and engaged in the lumber business there, meeting his death in his Pacific Coast home in August, 1892. Jas. Dollar wasa brother, who until about a year ago resided in Bracebridge, where he carried on a lumbering business. He was like the other members of the family highly respected, and at the time he left for San Rafael, Cal., to take up his resi- dence there, he was serving his second term as Mayor of that flourishing town. We have now before us a third member of the Dollar family—Robert Dollar. His chief operations before going to the Pacific Coast were in Michigan, though he had been a large shipper of Cana- dian woods, as well as those of Michigan, to foreign ports. Mr. Dollar has been a large shipper of sugar pine from the Pacific Coast, and the story is told of him that knowing that should he ship sugar pine direct from the Pacific Coast the dealers abroad wouldn’t know what the blawsted-stuff was, and maybe would not touch it with a pole. So he cut the sugar pine logs into deals, shipped them to Quebec, thence to a foreign market branded as Michigan deals, and.asked for a special re- port onthem. The reply was that they were a very fair sample of wide Michigan deals: that the quality was first-class, and that the softness and fine texture of the wood was a surprise. Thus it was that Mr. Dollar showed how far he had developed Yankee cuteness, and at the same time dida good stroke of business. Having made the right impression for his sugar pine, Mr. Dollar now sends his sugar pine to the foreign markets on its merits; his three-inch deals going direct to London and Liverpool. AN OBJECT LESSON. PEOPLE who do not believe that forest growths have any particular effect on streams are pointed to the present condition of the Muskegon river, in Michigan: Years ago, when lumbermen first began cutting the pine along its course, it was an ideal logging stream, deep and of even flow. To-day with the forests practically cut away from it, it is a comparatively shallow stream. When the primitive forests lined its banks it was little subjected to floods ; now it rises and falls quickly, like any other stream that has no heavy forest growths to conserve the waterfall along its course. CANADIAN LOGS FOR MICHIGAN. W. FLETCHER, of Alpena, Mich., states that " Alpena will receive about 40,000,000 feet of logs from Canada theensuing summer. There is in Thunder Bay waters about 75,000,000 feet of old logs and nearly as many new ones have been put in this winter, which will give the Alpena mills a full stock. He says that Alpena manufacturers are carrying over about 50,000,000 feet of lumber and trade has been on its back with them during the winter, but there is some inquiry now, and they are disposed to the idea that the stuff will be wanted later on. He says the cedar business has been carried on more extensively this winter than ever before on the Huron Shore, and this has given employment to labor, so that there have been very few idle men. A large quantity of cedar railway ties has been gotten out, besides poles and posts. TRADE NOTES. The F. E. Dixon Belting Co., of this city, have issued a hand-book of useful information about leather belting, that ought to be, it seems to us; in possession of every man who finds a leather belt a necessary part of the equipment of his mill. And what mill can get along without leather belting? Their little book contains a variety of mechanical tables that are practically invalu- able to all interested in mechanics. The Canadian agency for the famous “ Camel” brand belting manufacturers, is now in the hands of Mr. Fleming, of Montreal, who succeeds Mr. Fenwick, the former representative. A contract from the city of Montreal for a round lot of fire hose has just been awarded to Mr. Fleming. NEWS AND NOTES. Dickenson’s mill at Staples, Ont., started running on 2nd inst. Shaw, of Windfall, Ont., has sold his saw mill to C. Mills, of Wheatley, Ont. Over 2,000 feet of shingle bolts were burned recently at Allen’s saw mill, Crossland, Ont. D. E. Sprague, Winnipeg, has returned from his lum- ber camp on the Rosseau river. He states that the winter has been a a splendid one to get out logs, and his cut has been the largest he has ever made. Mr. Geo. Webber, cooper, who recently bought a large quantity of oak timber from Mr. Lakins, Freelton, Ont., found among the lot one tree which measured 42 feet to the first limb, 5 feet in diameter at the butt, and only 11 inches less where it was cut at the top. The tree, according to the rings, was 349 years old. The largest contract for cutting timber ever made in the Duluth district has just been entered into by the Siskiwit Lumber Co., and the Cranberry Lumber Co. The Siskiwit has given the Cranberry Co. the contract for cutting 100,000,000 feet of logs in the vicinity of Cranberry river, the money consideration being half a million dollars. The saw mills at Young Point, Ont., are getting into active work. Mr. C. Young’s mill is cutting plank for the Peterborough Waterwork’s dam and also custom logs for farmers and others. Austin Dunn’s shingle mill has commenced work for the season. W. J. Young has taken out a large quantity of saw logs this winter, and about three hundred cords of beech and maple on the lots he purchased last -vinter from the Lakefield Lumber Co., in the township of Harvey. I. A. Gordon, and J. M. Godfrey are also taking out quite a quantity of stuff from same locality. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HE Hon. Mr. Flynn, Commissioner of Crown lands for Quebec, has returned from a trip through the lumbering region, and encountered some of the hardships in travelling owing to the thaw, that the lumbermen sometimes meei with. In many places he and his travelling companion, Mr. W. C. Edwards, M.P., had to make long circuits to avoid floods in creeks and coulees receiving several upsets and breakdowns by the way. On the commissioner’s return here he called a meet- ing, which was held in the office of the Upper Ottawa Improve- ment Co., of the lumbermen to confer with as to the best mode of preventing forest fires and preserving the young and other growing timber. He gave a very interesting description of his trip and as to what he saw, being convinced that a terrible waste has taken place in the valuable forests by fire, of which no reports to the department or by the lumbermen even had fully expressed, and felt it was high time that the best means in the power of the government with the aid of the lumbermen and co-operation of settlers were employed to prevent the terrible loss sustained by the province each year by fire. He suggested that the lumbermen should nominate a certain num- ber of reliable men—men of prudence and judgment, such men, if found qualified by the departments, and as it was as much in the interest of the lumbermen as of the governments that they should be good men, that they should be appointed by the government for the season, during which fires were prevalent. He said one half the wages would be borne by the government and the other half by the lumbermen, or in other words that the bush fire protecture system of the Ontario government, which has proved so successful in combatting forest fires for four or five years past in Ontario, be adopted. Those present were Messrs. J. R. Booth, W. C. Edward., M. P., Hiram Robinson, of the Hawkesbury Lumber Co., Levi Crannell, of the Bronson, Weston & Co., Messrs. Reed & Avery, Mr. Gillies, Geo. H. Perley, Messrs. Gilmour & Hughson, Robert Hurdman, Allan Gilmour and Alex. Lumsden. The lumber- men expressed their great willingness to co-operate with the Hon. Mr. Flynn and to aid in the very laudable purpose taken by the commissioner ; and now prompt action is to be taken to preserve the forests from the ravages made by fire. The Hon. Mr. Flynn received a very hearty vote of thanks for the deep inter&st taken in this matter. He being the first Commissioner of Crown lands who ever visited personally the lumbering regions. His trip will no doubt result in great good to the province. LOGGING DIFFICULTIES. The recent very severe thaws have brought work in the lumbering camps in the Ottawa district to almost a stand still. Iforse teams in nearly all the shanties are more or less off work, and many are leaving or are being kept in stables - pending colder weather, and ice. If very cold weather does not soon come to speedily dry up the streams and gullies filled with water by the thaw, a very considerable quantity of skidded logs must remain in the bush. from the Coulonge, Black river, Dumoine, Kippewa and Temis- camingue, and other lumbering districts report that in addition to the check given to hauling logs, that supplies are scattered by the scores vf loads along the lakes and along winter bush roads which are for the most part cut out of the forests along This sudden break up added to the heavy work with deep snows is now certain to greatly curtail the crop of logs and enhance the cost of the logs which reach water. very much needed, but at this advanced season are scarcely hoped for. The water in the Ottawa has risen nearly five feet and ice is fast giving way. Persons coming creeks and ravines now overflowing with water. Cold weather and snow are READY FOR THE LOGS, The Upper Ottawa Improvement Company, who tow the logs in the upper reaches of the Ottawa, have been very busy during the winter in making repairs at their several works. At Des Joachim, Fort William, Allumette, Quyon, Deschene, and Thompson’s bay, piers and booms have been put in a thorough state of repair in preparation for handling the sea- son’s cut of logs. It is estimated that these repairs cost the company fully $12,000. ing looked carefully after and are getting a general over- hauling. The steamers number 11 and are in use during the summer in towing logs and rafts from Des Joachim’s to Ottawa. The company’s steamers too are be- INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. At the annual meeting of the Bronson & Weston Lumber Co., Ottawa, Hon. E. H. Bronson was elected presi- dent, A. Weston vice-president, and Levi Crannell secretary- treasurer. , By the death of ‘‘Jock” Arkinson, Ottawa and the Valley f the Ottawa lose an old man who grew up with the -his- tory of this section of the province, and who for years was an authority on timber, lumber, hunting, shooting and fishing as well as being a taxidermist in his way. He had been fore- man of gangs on the Madawaska, Du Lievre, Ottawa, Gatineau and other rivers where he is pleasantly remem- bered. Orrawa, Can., March 5, 1894. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] TERRIBLE calamity overtook the fine tug-boat Estelle in the vicinity of Cape Mudge. The only thing that appears certain is that the boat is a total wreck and that the whole crew of eight persons lost their lives with her. It is said that the vessel was blown to pieces by the explosion of her boilers, but this has yet to be confirmed. The Estelle was one of the best boats of her class in the Canadian Pacific waters, and her machinery was of the best. She was built about three years ago at a cost of $20,000. COAST CHIPS. Mr. H. H. Spicer has returned from Ontario. Bolton has started a sash factory at Salmon Arm. The B. C. M. T. & T. Co. started their Surrey logging camp this month. The Pacific Coast Lumber Co. are putting in a larger fan in their new dry kiln. It is expected that the B. C. M. T. & T. Co. will begin running again almost immediately. The Brunette S. M. Co. are expecting a ship to load lumber. This will be the first of the lumber fleet for 1894. The B. S. M. Co. are doing a number of improvements to their mill, the most important the putting in of an Allis band mill. It is reported that the Brunette Saw Mill Co. have bought out the. Shoal Bay Lumber Syndicate and will shortly begin operations. It is rumored that the Moodyville mill, which has been idle for so long, will resume operations shortly, though nothing definite to that effect has yet been announced. Messrs. E. C. Cargill & Co., have bought Chas. Brewer’s sawmill property at Armstrong for $5000, including logs and lumber on hand. The mill will be put in order and begin the season’s work shortly. The American vessel Pioneer is loading for Santa Rosalia. The barkentine Wrestler, 447 tons, Capt. Bergman, which came from Honolulu via San Francisco, and will load at the Sayword mill, Victoria, for Australia on private terms, being under charter to Messrs. Robert Ward & Co., Ltd. The smaller loggers of this province welcome the news that the Local Government intends to appoint an official log scaler. They are urging the nomination of such an official, in order, as they assert, to secure for them the due returns for their labor, by accurate measurement of the results of their work, ere it passes into the lumberman’s hands. NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C., March 2, 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN, ] W* are hardly more than on the threshold of spring, but already there are evidences of an improvement in trade. Nothing very bright, I must confess, and not a few dealers say so far as they are concerned, they fail to sight the coming boom, but there is a measure of inspiration in the air, and the belief is times will be better. BITS OF LUMBER. 6,000 cord of pulp wood a year is consumed at Fletcher & Sons’ factory at Alpena. The Cadillas Stave & Heading Company has been incorpor- ated with a capital of $20,000. A sale of 1,000,000 feet of lumber was recently made by Bay City concerns, to L. C. Slade, of Saginaw. Albert Peck, of Alpena, is harvesting 4,000,000 feet of logs in Presque, Isle County, which will be cut by his Alpena mill. Pitts & Co., of Bay City, are harvesting a large lot of logs in Ogeman County, which are being railed to their Bay City mill. é The Muskegon Booming Company has been re-organized under the name of the Muskegon River Boom Company with a capital stock of $100,000, where the present capital is $50,000. Marcu, 1894 The rumor is generally current that the Arthur Hill Company has purchased $300,000 worth of Canadian pine timber. Sibley & Bearinger have purchased 60,000,000 feet of stand- ing timber in Duluth district adjacent.to a body of timber owned by them. A. T. Linton, of Saginaw, has closed a contract with New York firms for boxes that will require about 5,000,000 feet of lumber to make them. The entire plant and stock of the Lansing Lumber Company _ at Dodge was burned on 11 inst. Loss, $175,000, believed to be covered by insurance. Reports of logging in the vicinity of Menominee tell of suc- cessful work being done, it being estimated that over one-half the present winter’s intended log cut is now at the landing. S. O. Fisher, of Bay City, is showing his faith in the future of the lumber business by engaging extensively in logging and in purchasing large quantities of lumber as opportunities offer. It is reported that an agent of D. Whitney, jr., of Detroit, recently purchased 8,000,000 feet of lumber, to be cut at a Lake Superior mill, at $18 a thousand, that would readily have brought $21 last season. W. C. McClure states that his concern in Duluth has sus- pended logging operations. They had intended to put in 50,000,000 ft. and run the mill day and night, but they have only cut 25,000,000 and will run the mill but ro hours a day. : ' Whitney & Batchelor are putting an Allis band mill outfit into their saw mill at Melbourne, taking out one circular. This will give them a band, gang, and one circular. They are cut- ting and bringing down from Clare County 8,000,000 feet of logs and have purchased 20,000,000 feet of Canada logs, which will give them a full stock for the coming summer’s work. The firm has 10,000,000 feet of unsold lumber on the mill dock. The Emery-Holland concern, at East Tawas, of which Temple Emery, of Bay City, is the moving spirit, will, when in full motion, be the largest lumbering establishment in Michigan. There will be two sawmills with a daily capacity of about 300,000 feet. The territory occupied will be nearly one hundred acres with a mile of water frontage; six docks, with tramways and boomage for 7,000,000 feet of logs; a big shingle mill of 150,000 daily capacity, two salt blocks, a dry kiln and all the other requisite machinery in a first-class mill. The company in all its ramifications of business will employ over three hundred men. SAGINAW, Mich., March 8, 1894. TIMBER IN FRENCH TONQUIN. ape forests of Tonquin are numerous and their utili- zation is only waiting for capital and skilled labor. This is generally the fault in all French colonies. At present these forests are worked by the most primitive methods. The saw mills are for the most part in the hands of the Chinese, who will be found everywhere devoting themselves to all kinds of trade, giving the pre-. ference to those that yield the largest profit. These forests are found in all the provinces, even in the neighborhood of the sea, but especially in the in- terior, where many are still ina virgin state. The species of wood are greatly diversified, timber for building and hardwood for finishing, both abounding. To find the extensively wooded tracts, one has to go towards the mountain in thé direction of Lass and towards the Yun- nan. To reach this remote region will, perhaps, not be without its inconveniences nor without danger, the neighbors being no more accommodating than they can help. But this is a question of time, and probably in a few years, when the peace making will be more complete, these regions will offer more chances of success and the work will be able to commence. To produce a quantity and on conditions cheap enough to contend with the Chinese competition and make the latter impossible, it is necessary that the French who apply themselves to the working of the forests and the preparation of the woods, do it by the most perfect means. The hand or water saw mill does not produce enough results ; and as the Chinese are a very clever and practical people in all manual work, they would not be slow in imitating the improvements which they would see in regard to tools. One must absolutely use steam. This information is furnished us by a gentleman lately returned from Tonquin, and who has visited the colony and inspected everything carefully. ie! | ee ee a, Rimes, 154 THE NEWS. CANADA. —Burton’s mill at Rugby, Ont., is doing a good business this season. —The sawmill of D. P. McDougall & Co., Maxville, Ont., Ont., has been started up. _ —W. H. Atkinson, lumber, Deloraine, Man., admitted Alfred Atkinson ; style, W. H. Atkinson & Co. - —Wnm. Harris & Sons, Day Mills, Ont., are getting out a large quantity of square timber for the ‘‘ Soo” canal. _ —Campbell’s new saw mill at Inverhuron, Ont., is now nning and turning out about 8,000 feet of lumber a day. _ —Frank Atkinson, sawmill, Ailsa Craig, Ont., who com- - _ promised at Soc. on the dollar in December last, has now as- signed. —Mr. Mitchell, of Millwood, it is said, has decided to build a saw mill at Selkirk, Man. He will tow his logs from Lake Winnipeg. —Chas. Ashley, Havelock, Ont., whose new mill has a Capacity of 15,000 feet per day, informs the LUMBERMAN that business is lively. —E. C. Cargill & Co. have purchased from Charles Brewer his sawmill property at Armstrong, B.C., the sum paid being $5,000, including logs and lumber on hand. —George Trask, whose sawmill at Orillia, Ont., was burned a few years ago, and on whom the work of rebuilding it has proven too heavy a strain, has assigned. —Lumbering operations are still impeded in New Bruns- wick, owing to the heavy snows. There has been 12 weeks of uninterrupted sleighing in the province this winter. _- ~The Rathbun Company is canying on extensive lumbering Operations near its own section. Timothy Murphy’s shanty of 60 men will get out in Hungerford 2,500 cords of hardwood, which will be shipped to Deseronto by train. —Stewart Bros., of Rapid City, Man., have finished their season’s log cut. About 12,000 pieces have been secured. Axemen and skidders have returned from the bush, but it will take the teams about six weeks to finish hauling. —The shipments of W. M. McKay, of Ottawa, to British ports last year numbered 171 cargoes. Mr. McKay has shipped dur- ing the month 690,000 feet of deals to Liverpool, and Scammell Bros. 402,406 feet of scantling and 304,971 feet of boards to Buenos Ayres. —E. Todd, Brantford, Ont., writes: ‘I have moved my sawmill from Clavering to Brantford. Have got out a fine stock of pine, oak and basswood ; have 700,000 feet on skids and in yards. Though it has been a bad winter for logging in this section, yet I have logs within seven miles of the city.” —A dispatch from Collingwood says: ‘‘ The sawmill and the large water front belonging to the Georgian Bay Lumber Company have been sold to Toner & Gregory, of this town, who intend to put the works in operation at once. The mill usually employs from 75 to 100 men during the cutting season. The capacity of the mill is from 80,000 to 100,000 feet per day. Mitchell Bros.’ sawmills at Berkeley, Holland Centre and _ Lucknow, are running in fine shape. $12,000 has been paid ‘out for logs so far this season at the Berkeley mill. The mill is running day and night, the large part of the work during the d winter season being in the manufacture of window rollers for ‘ the English market, and shipped direct by the Mitchells. The volume of business at the other two mills is about the same as at Berkeley, the whole aggregating a large business. —At Dorchester, N.B., says the Sackville Post, besides the large quantity of logs that is got out and sawed by Messrs. James Anderson & Son, there are as follows: By Messrs. James & Robert Buck, 1,500 logs; Samuel & John McAllis- ter, 1,200; Gideon Buck, 1,000; Robert Cook, 1,000 ; Leo- nard Buck, 800 ; Rennis Hicks, 200, and a brow at Dorchester Cape of 4,000 logs. F.C. Palmer & Co. will have about 800 cords of pulp wood and 500 cords of kiln wood to ship as soon as navigation opens ; also a quantity of piling. —D. E. Sprague, the Winnipeg lumberman, who is in the woods on Rosseau river, with a gang of 100 men and 40 teams, says that the winter’s work is progressing favorably. He adds that there is plenty of snow for the long hauls. The _ white and red pine in that section of the province is of a uperior quality. Mr. Sprague’s cut this winter will exceed two million feet. The logs will be floated down the Rosseau river to the Red river, and thence to the mill at Winnipeg. Mr. Sprague expects also to get a quantity of logs from Min- __ nesota, to be brought down the Red river for his mill. —— THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ‘ —The vast amount of logs that passed over the Horseshoe falls, and which are now on the Canadian side of the river on the ice bridge, are only a portion of the number which came down from Tonawanda, and their loss will be a most serious blow to Mr. W. L. Land, who owns the property. Mr. Land is from Au Sable, Mich., and an extensive lumber dealer. The extent of his loss is estimated at 1,500,000 feet of Nor- way pine lumber, valued at $21,000. Some of this lumber has undoubtedly passed through under the ice bridge, and will hardly be recovered again. The lumber was in rafts when swept away by the ice. GENERAL. Sales of lumber at Duluth, already contracted for, aggre gate 20,000,000 feet, or forty cargoes. —Puget Sound lumbermen are discussing the advisability of introducing the Australian idea of cutting timber by exploding It is claimed that the ex- plosion will cut the tree perfectly clear of the stump. a ring of compressed gun cotton. —Messrs. Merrill, Ring & Co., of Toledo, Ohio, recently sold 800,000 feet of white pine lumber to the Jeannette Planing Mill Company, of Jeannette, Pa. This firm claims that they manufacture from 500,000 to 600,000 feet of glass boxes into lumber every month. FIRES AND CASUALTIES. FIRES, —Pilkey’s sawmill at Edenvale, Ont., has been destroyed by fire. j CASUALTIES. —Frank Benninger, while running an edge-saw in Thomp- son’s mill, Hepworth, Ont., had his hand cut clean off. —Wallace Beeler, an employee of Rope Bros., Bridgetown, N.S., met an almost instantaneous death by a log rolling over him. —James Shannon, employed in McCorgowdale’s sawmill at Boissevain, Man., had his right arm badly injured by an acci- dent in the mill. —John Richardson, of Windermere, Ont., was instantly killed a few days ago, by a log which rolled off a high pile, striking him on the head. —Samuel Thompson while employed in a camp of Messrs. Dyment & Mickle’s, near Bracebridge, Ont., was struck by a falling tree and instantly killed. —A man named Kelly, while drawing logs for Rathbun & Co., at McLean, Ont., had his sleigh upset, receiving a broken leg as a result, and one of his ears was completely severed. —A terrible accident happened at Vale’s sawmill in Sombra township, Ont. The operators were just preparing to shut down when the boiler exploded, killing Mr. Cornell, the engineer, and three of his children, who were in the engine room at the time. The boiler was thrown over the house adjoining the mill. Mrs. Cornell has one child left. PERSONAL. Capt. Graham, formerly of Winnipeg, and well known in the lumber trade, is dead. He has lately been residing at Towns- end, Wash. W. D. Mearns has resigned his position as foreman of the Hastings mill, New Westminster, B. C., after a service of a number of years. Mr. Duncan McLaren, a well-known lumber merchant of Lanark county, died recently in Florida, whither he had gone for his health. His remains were brought to Carleton Place for burial. At St. Martin’s church, Montreal, Que., on Feb. 27th, Albert MacLaren, of Buckingham, Que., lumberman, was married to Lillian Edith, daughter of William Henry Moody, of Terrebone, Que. The officiating clergyman was Rev. G. Osborne Troop. LUMBERMEN OF MANITOBA. The third annual meeting of the Western Retail Lumber- men’s Assuciation was held at Winnipeg on the 12th February. The meeting was well attended and much interest evinced in the association work. ‘ The president in his opening remarks made pleasing allusion to the honorary members in acknowledging the good support received from them in faithfully observing the by-laws and firmly declining to sell to suspended members and generally co-operating with the association throughout. He reported the association to be in a prosperous state and that the board of directors had only a few congested cases to deal with in the early part of the season for infraction of the by-laws, and was glad to state that the board had successfully disciplined the offenders and all of whom in the end are working harmoniously with each other. The secretary-treasurer followed with the financial statement showing a balance on hand of $1,140.80. He also reported the association in a prosperous condition ; that it is generally recognised in the lumber trade of this country and that its members comprises all the retail yards in this province, and the eastern part of Assiniboine, with its usefulness for good being more and more demonstrated. The secretary desired to strongly emphasize the remarks of the president as to the honorary members in the very reliable support received from them in dealing with suspended members, in refusing to sell to such ; and that the retail members should in their dealings keep in mind the old adage “that one good turn deserves another,” in making their purchases, to patronise honorary members always. The by-laws having been read and with a slight amendment adopted, the election of officers was proceeded with and on motion the president and directors were re-elected by acclama- tion. The question of freight rates was discussed and a committee appointed, with power to co-operate with other corporate bodies in urging the railway companies, to make a reduction in the freight tariff. An amendment to the lien law was submitted and upon full discussion was given into the charge of a committee to obtain legislation upon it. An important question was brought up at the close of the meeting as to the advisability of establishing a mutual fire insurance company in connection with the association. After much live discussion the matter was given into the hands of the board of directors to deal further with it. A very suecessful meeting was brought to a close after two sessions and extending to two days. LUMBERING IN GREY COUNTY. Re lumbermen of Grey look for a profitable season’s work, and already many of the mills are quite busy. In this county is located a considerable lumber interest. The following particulars touching some of the leading operators will prove interesting. John Harrison is getting the most of his stock from the Manitoulin Island and will raft it to his mill at Owen Sound. He has large orders for lumber to fill for the C. P. R. and for the G. T. R. extension. C. H. Whittune & Co. have their new mill near Shallow Lake running. J. E. Murphy, the Hepworth lumber king, has erected another mill on con. 10, Keppel, on the G. T. R. extension, which will be running almost right away. H. Pedwell has removed his mill from the Glen to the Centre road, Keppel, and has made large improvements in the size and increased the speed of his manufactory. He has out a large stock of logs and is running a full gang of men on full time. Mr. Pedwell has also a second mill at Brookeholm, for which he is getting out large stocks of logs on the shores of Georgian bay, and which he will raft to this place as soon as navigation opens and start cutting. He has also a good stock of logs at his mill at Thornbury. James Nelson at Bayview, Sarawak, is getting out a-nice little stock for his water mill. Kilbourn & Dunbar, near Presque Isle, are getting out a good stock of hardwood logs and will start to cut in March. Pickett & Ryan, who have purchased the mill near the Polsons, are purchasing logs on the Georgian bay to be rafted to their mill at Owen Sound, to be sawed during the coming season. Maitland & Rixon have a large gang of men and 30 teams getting out logs on their limits on the Peninsula, to be rafted to their big mill at Owen Sound and converted into lumber during the summer. Brunell Bros. mill on the Derry line is running day and night manufacturing mangles for the English market. They are getting out a large stock, and so are Barber & Gowan at their mill, also laying in a fair stock of logs. Campion’s mill at Rocklyn is busy, with a small stock in the yard. Wardell’s mill at Kilsyth is busy on custom work, and has a stock of logs in yard. R. A. Stark has already a large stock of logs on hand and will double his last year’s supply if the sleighing holds out. season. They are waiting, it is said, for free trade in lumber and will then take advantage of the market. Young, Leslie & Bro. have in a large stock and are paying good prices for logs to fill their orders for lumber in the American market. Charles Engle at Balaclava is running full time, and has his yards full of logs. Jones Bros. are not .stocking very heavy this N. D. Seaman, whose steam mill is near Woodford, is well supplied with hardwood and hemlock logs, and is running full time to fill orders in hand for lumber. J. S. Findley’s mill at St. Vincent Crossing has in a large stock of logs, mostly maple, that he is manufacturing into mangles for the London market. The details here given are confined principally to those whose operations are within easy distance of Owen Sound, and does not take in Hepworth, Chatsworth, Holland Centre, Allan- ford, Tara, Meaford, Wiarton, or the many other mills in this county, or the neighboring county of Bruce. The saw mills men- tioned will have a combined stock of at least 17,000,000 feet. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, March, Io, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. (ee considerable measure of brightness and sunshine that has prevailed for the past few weeks has ‘in- spired lumbermen with thoughts of a possible improve- ment in trade. An increase in trade at this time of the year we have all a right to expect, but it is rather difficult to say how far lumber business will be affected by the opening season. It does not appear that the general lumber trade of the province will be on any unusual scale this spring or summer. Building operations both in the city and out of it will be carried on with care and con- servatism, and we do not learn of prospective contracts of any magnitude being under way. Export trade with the United States will depend largely on the result of tariff legislation. It is generally anticipated that the Wilson bill will secure free trade in lumber. At the same time there are not a few contin- gencies likely to arise to modify the character of the bill. For one thing it is among the possibilties that the bill may be so slaughtered before it is actually formulated into legislation, that when it comes out its best friends will not know it. In any case itis yet a question among lumbermen how broadly the term free lumber can be interpreted to cover the various classes of manufactured lumber that may be exported from this country. This uncertainty is likely to have an effect in retarding trade in the meantime between Canada and the United States. Much different was the condition on the opening of trade last year. It seemed hardly possible then for a while to nearly meet the large call from the United States for our lumber, while prices no matter how stiff they were held, were made an objection by no one. But the trade depres- sion that struck our neighbors, like one of their western cyclones, a little later in the year, changed all this, and business has remained depressed ever since. Lumbermen, however, do not themselves believe that these conditions can continue much longer, and if lumber duties are re- moved there will be a speedy revival in trade. The outlook in South America and in the United Kingdom is better than for some time, and Ottawa lum- bermen are anticipating a large export to South America this year, the Export Lumber Co., of that city, having chartered seven cargoes for the river Platii out of Montreal. It 1s also known that Ottawa lumbermen have already soldalarge part of their cut in England this season, In the Maritime Provinces trade is not any too active. British Columbia is maintaining a good share of activity, and would seem to be steadily developing new fields for its products. This is especially the case in shingles, our own Province now being large purchasers of red cedar shingles. UNITED STATES. It cannot be said, taking the lumber interests gener- ally of the United States, that indications are abroad of a heavy season’s business. Tariff affairs still drag slowly along, and it may be some months before a complete copy of the Wilson bill is presented to the public. This uncertainty is having an injurious effect on general trade and activity in lumber interests is being also impeded from the same cause. Then there is a difference of opinion among lumbermen, especially handlers of white pine, as to what shape prices may take. Large stocks have been carried over the winter by lumbermen, and they have now a strong desire to unload, and obtain some relief from a witter’s inertness. With some the tempta- tion is strong enough in this direction to lead them to give way in prices. We are told that this is especially the case with common grades. Another element, how- ever, comes into calculation here. It looks as though the log crop might be short. The weather has on the whole been unfavorable. Spring has come upon us with a rush and large numbers of logs are in the woods still on skids, and no immediate appearance of getting them forward. Thus it is that a period of hesitancy in oper- ations prevail, producing at least a present dull market. FOREIGN. : A decidedly better feeling prevails in British lumber markets. It is felt that the depression of the past year _ prices steady, and the stock moderate. has well nigh exhausted itself, and that with the opening of spring a fair trade may be looked for. Nor are stocks excessive at any point, so that if building operations are carried on to any extent new purchases must be made. Favorable reports also come from South America, and there is good reason to suppose that a season of revival has already commenced in this port. Farnworth & Jardine, of Liverpool, Eng., have this to say of Canadian woods in the United Kingdom: Both waney and square have moved off slowly, as usual at this time of the year; there is no change in value to report, and the stock, although moderate, is sufficient. Red pine is in dull demand, and values rule low. Oak has been dull of sale throughout the month, although there has been more enquiry for first-class wood for next season’s delivery ; the present stock is much too heavy. Ash: The import has consisted of one small parcel from the United States ; the deliveries during the month have been fair, but the stock is still too heavy, and there is no change in value. Elm has been in fair request and Pine deals have moved off more freely than during the two years at corresponding time. Prices are firmer in sympathy with the higher values being asked by shippers for the coming season’s delivery ; the stock is sufficient.” TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, March to, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS, ¥I-4 in..cué Upyand better 5<-.zkcuc. senate ee aere te 33 00 36 00 1x10 and r2 dressing and better...........-.eseeseeseceeees 20 00 22 00 IX10: and ‘x2 *mnillixtinis v.02. cite ta serene aie ee aeons 16 00 17 00 TNTO)ANG, T2sCOMMMONMe arele rer lovteieley aeuss ae eee reer 13 00 14 00 rxroland: nziSpritce cullss. iin sc seme ese earemii ct ee eee I0 00 II 00 Txrolandir2¢ mull (Calls)... 5.222 va len tetaebteece ese eerie I0 0O IL 00 i inch.clearand ‘pickSiqn..0. ocnese cleetnena ee selon eer 28 00 32 00 minch dressing and better: ci oss enc peaeneeee an neeere 20 00 22 00 Pinehisiding. mill trtent; J. oan caes ane eee oe cme ree I4 00 15 00 Tinch siding: Common, cnrcscue anes ones doen eee 12 00 13 00 1 inch siding ship culls..... 1 inch siding mill culls..... Gulllseanthing 2c. somites: amie stbralt seen cone see eames 8 00 9 00 ¥ E-z'and thicker cutting up, planka.....0. «vss. cee eennen 24 00 26 00 Tench) SEripsi4-1nsicO18 Wn, misllertine yee see ee eetee I4 00 15 00 Linch Strips! COMMON 32 wt esse atl eaten een eee I2 00 13 00 ZT=qiMGh MOOK PTs sty.ah jo clei s ive le miata cae cece mentees 16 00 Ti. WAWNGSMHOOMIMB ee. odin ice ee Pe Poets oh ee Ce eee Eee 16 00 XSKEXG Shing less M16: nGhisweos cna wecuniceeee ae aeeen seen 250 260 ACS shingles rOimeh. .:/<1ceie eel stenisitare ape Mee Pete epee eee 150 1 60 Tath i Norns stccaisis se aah oe necieyte cate ae ane tne teen en 215 Dat INO3 25 k-cctns shaveialy cs aes leotas eel ee 180 1 85 YARD QUOTATIONS. Mill cull boards and scantling$10 00 F. M. Shipping cull boards, promis- 11-2in. flooring, dres’d 26 00 30 00 cuous widths... ... 13 00 Ye ss rough 18 00 22 00 stocks . . . 16 00 by iY dres'd 25 00 28 00 Scantling and joist, upto 16 ft 14 00] 11-4 in. flooring, un- ss ih A 38ft 15 08 dressed, B.M. . . 16 00 18 00 8 at ‘* 20 ft 16 00 | 1 1-4in. flooring, dres’d 18 00 20 00 cs aS “« 22 ft 17 00 Hs ‘* undres’d 12 00 15 00 is by “24 ft 19 oo | Beaded sheeting, dres- ‘ os «26 ft 20 00 Seda pene + . 2000 35 00 . ss ‘© 28 ft 22 00 | Clapboarding, dres’d. 12 00 sf er «* 30 ft 24 00 sawn shingles i io *« 32ft 27 00 er Mies tere 260 270 : 6 “)34ft 29) 50i| Sawmlath) 2 re 2 60 23/50) Ried Qa .) ont gist 30 00 40 00 f ne 36tt 3c OG MV GItey aan means 37 00 45 00 E a “38 ft 33 00 | Basswood, No. 1and2 28 00 30 00 ‘ “cc Cherry, No. rand 2. 70 00 go 00 White ash, rand 2. . 24 00 35 00 Black ask, 1 and2. . 20 00 30 00 40 to 44 ft 37 00 Cutting up planks, x and thicker, dry . 25 00 28 00 me board 18 00 24 00 Dressing blocks . . . 16 00 20 00 Picks Am. inspection. 30 00 HARDWOODS-—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Ash, white, 1 tozin..$18 00 $20 00 | Elm,soft 1 ‘‘ 114$11 00 $12 00 = «2% to 4.. 20 00 24 00 fee 2) vg x2 00) aasnao “plack, 1 “‘ 1% 1600 18 00 © rock z “2% 24.00. 36.00 Birch, sq., 1 ‘ 4.. 17 00 2000 eS wl 1% ‘‘ 3.. 15.00 18 00 ss “ 4x4“ 8x8 20 00 22 00| Hickory 1% “ 2.. 28 00 30 00 “red x ‘' ¥% 20 00 22 00] Maple tr ‘3% 1600 17 00 Us 2 Eg) 22100 25 60 nS 2 “4... 17 00 18 00 = -avellow; om) ues 14 00 15 00| Oak,red,p'nr ‘‘ 1% 28 00 30 00 Basswood 1 ‘ 1&% 15 00 16 00 ue Se 2 on sid ac) COMESCIO) e 1% *‘ 2.: 16 00 18 00 “white “‘r “11% 2800 3000 Butternut 1 ‘‘ 1% 23 00 25 00 hE Sa SE 4 POH GORI REOE = 2 ** 3,. 25 00 28 00 “‘quart’'d 1‘ 2.. 48 00 5200 Chestnut 1 ‘' 2.. 25 00 30 00] Walnut t ‘*3.. 85 00 100,90 Cherry rt ‘1% 5000 60 00} Whitewood: ‘“‘ 2.. 3200 3600 2 4.. 6000 65 00 OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, March 10, Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b.m.................20000 40 00 Pine, good strips, es os Cree 4 Pine, good shorts, “ ne oe Pine, 2nd quality sidings, per M feet, b.m................. 20 00 25 00 Pine, 2nd quality strips, ne oe Ss Pine, 2nd quality shorts, Pine, shipping cull stock, Pine, box cull stock, Pine, s.c. strips and sidings Pine, mill cull “ 6c ce Lath, per M00) Sr, sae a atthe aes ete ee 160 19g0 QUEBEC, QUE. QueBEc, March 10, 1894. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. es on 4 : cts. cts. For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured Off. che eire deca. Pe Laat ee Oe EE ee 14 @ 18 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 16 20 For good and good fair average, ‘ Y e es fe 123, 29 For superior re td 4 es EA £O In shipping order “ ss - aE E29 Ubase Waney board, 18to1ginch ‘“ = s sf FO es “ “cc “ a “ Waney board, 19 to 21 inch 37-40 RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality 22 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet ‘ g 30 OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . .. . .45 5% ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 10 50 feet. . 30 32 ef me “« "30 to 35 feet. .25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . .30 34 F BIRCH. . 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . * . .20 23 Fo TAMARAC. Square, according to size and quality. . ....... =. 19 Flatted, o is VP ee Os - ts) 28 , STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp'cfet'n—nominal . $330 $350 W.O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality . DEALS. Bright, aceording to mill specification, $115 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for and, and $37 to $42 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 for 1st, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $21 for ath quality. go 100 BOSTON MASS. BosTon, Mass, Mar. 10.—One cannot report much of lumber trade at the Hub. It is quiet, with no very bright omens as yet of future trade. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed EA To $950 1000 DoadS icis:. ie lore we II 0O 12 00 11-16 inch. ee 9 00 Coarse No. 5....... 16.00 16 50 Ye inch...2.4aseee 850 goo Refuse cia somenn iver < Ir 00 12 09 | Clapboards, sapext.. 52 50 55 00 MES one cnt toae se 9 co}, Sapelear..7c eee 47.00 5000 Boxboards,1 inch... 11 00 = 11 75 Sap, 2nd clear.... 38 00 49.00 Pe tncka lsc 4 sta 10 00 11 CO (0. Eve. cee 2000 25 00 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Uppers; x ims. 2s... - $52 00@54 00 | Fine com., 3 and 4 im 42 00 46 00 14,1¥% and 2 in.. 52 00 55 o0| No.2,1in. Finecom. 28 00 30 00 3 andigfan. hae robes 60 00] 1%,1%and 2in... 29 00 31 oo Selects, = aiisewssccme 45 00 46 00} No. x strips, 4 to6in. 43 00 44 00 14%, 1% and 2 in.. 48 oc 5000 . (2. eee ae 36 00 37 00 Sand Ave es nc em 51 00 No. 80 oon 28 00 30 00 Moulding boards, 7 to Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.... 24 00 32 00 FO. Io Clear... vice 36 00 38 00 | Coffin boards........ 21 00 23 00 60 per cent. clear... 34 00 36 00 | Common allwidths... 22 co 26 oo Fine common, rin.... 49 00 41 oo | Shipping culls,1 in... 15 00 15 50 ~14,1% and 2in... 41 00 43 00] do 14% in. 15 50 16 50 SPRUCE—BY CARGO. Scantling and plank, Coarse, rough........ 12 00@14 oo random cargoes.. 14 oo@15 oo | Hemlock bds., rough. 12 00 13 oo Yard orders, ordinary ae “ “dressed 12 00 14 00 BIZES waivis sea 15 00 16 00| Clapbds., extra, 4 ft.. 29 00 30 00 Yard orders, extra Clear, 4 ft: ths :ckee SEIZES pls see eles 16 00 18 00 Second clear...... Clear floor boards.... 19 00 20 00 No, (2.5 ee INO: G2 cesar 16 00 17 00 LATH. Spruce by cargo. . ss. 50220008 seas soe Oe 2 50@2 75 SHINGLES. Eastern sawed cedar, Eastern shaved sawed OXbta serite Usiennaeies $3 00 $3 25 cedar, 1st quality... 5 00 Cleat. cin ae nek omer 230, 275 2nd quality......... 475 BNE Ss sand eameeonee 200 235 3rd Oe aie mae 385 400 extra Nor... 3 c2 r50 41 95 4th eee 3,00 325 Spruce Noize eere I 50 OSWEGO, N.Y. Osweco, N. Y., Mar. 10.—Business has not yet taken on its spring activity. So soon as navigation opens there will doubtless be a change. WHITE PINE. Three uppers, 1{, 134 and 2 ich. >... ,. 2.2. eee $47 00@49 00 Pickings, 2 PA ae + 39 00 4000 No. 1, cutting up, ‘‘ bs - 34 00 35 00 No. 2, cutting up, ‘‘ ff dewee tees Cone 24.00 25 00 In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding strips, 14 to 16 ft. 32 co 34 00 SIDING. 1 in siding, cutting up } x in selected....... 38 00@43 00 picks and uppers... 32 00@39 oo | 1% in dressing....... 20 00 22 00 1 in dressing......... 19 00 21 o0/ 1% in No. x culls.... 15 00 17 00 t in’ No. s°culls..c. 2. 14 00 15 00] 1% in No. 2cuils.... 14 00 15 00 tin No. 2 culls...... 13 00 14 00}1 in. No3culls...... II 00 1200 . IXI2 INCH. x2.and! x6 feet, mill) rum.(f\.-<1..::. salen Stealer ate ee 21 00 24 00 12 and 16 feet, No. x and 2, barn boards...........++e+es+- 19 00 20 00 ze-and 16 feet, dressing and better...::....0.... eeeeeeneee 27 00 31 00 x2 and 26 feet, No. 2. culls: .. «2.01.2 «sc. se eee 15 00 16 00 IXIOo INCH. 12 and 13 feet, mill run, mill cullsout.....................- 21 00 23 00 r2.and 13 feet, dressing and better.....5.....0.++ssseueeee 26 00 28 00 © Ixto, 14 to'r6 bam boards... :./ 2... ..0. «se ane x2 and)13 feet, No. a :culls...5% ds otca cee z2.and 13 feet, No. 2iculls........ 0.24019: ced eee 14 to 16 feet, mill run mill culls out : 14 to 16 feet, dressing and better.... 14 to 16 feet, No. 1 culls..... 14 to 16 feet, No. 2 culls... 10:to.13 feet, No, 3.culls...... 5. ...0s00s0n5 see eee ee 1X10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$22 oo@25 00 | No. rculls........... 17 00 Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00| No. 2culls........... 15 00 16 00 1X4 INCHES. Mill run, mill cullsout 17 00 21 00 | No. rculls........... 14 00 15 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 30 00| No. 2culls..... emote 13 00 14 00 IX5 INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill 6, 7 or 8, No. rculls.. 16 00 17 00 culls out......... 20 00 25 00 | 6, 7 or 8, No.2 culls.. 14 00 15 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and ether cn wmey .iete 25 00 3000 SHINGLES. XXX, 18 in pine....... 3 70 3 90| XXX, 18in. cedar... . 35° 370 Clear butts, pine, 18 in.. 2 70 2 go| Clear butt, 18 in. cedar. 2 50 2 7o XXX, 16 in. pine...... 300 3 20] XX, 18in. cedar... . Igo 200 Stock cedars, 5o0r 6in.. 4 50 5 00 LATH. INR CE St Ne Som cee etic 2 30 )] Nos aie ee «0 a0 Bem INO. 'ay Kitna te ate eee t 80 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. TONAWANDA, N. Y., Mar. 10.—Signs are not wanting that we are soon to enter upon spring trade. Mills are stocking up, taking it for granted that there will be business to do. We are hearing favorable reports of MArRcH, 1894 export trade in South America and the West Indies. Possible tariff changes are still influencing buyers. It is generally anticipated that free lumber is coming, but until the Wilson bill has passed through all its vicissi- tudes, no one is perfectly sure what the outcome may be. WHITE PINE. Shelving, No. 1, 13 in Mabateratats<) 5,518} Fee $47 00 50 00 and up, rin...... 31 00@33 00 2% and 3 in oo | Dressing, 1% in...... 26 00 28 00 MEET ea sis 0 ee foro) 1\%x10 and SBA 28 00 Selects, 1 in. foro) DeMAIaA. cs atae seh 24 00 25 00 1% to2 in.. 00 Cy The See nore 26 50 28 00 2¥% and 3 in do | Mold st’ps, r to 2in.. 33 00 35 00 PRIN ale: o,- ole eos os oo | Barn, No. 1, 10and 12 Fine common, x in... 00 Messen ise oils ewae 23 00 24 00 1% and 1% in 00 Grand 8) ins passes 22 00 23 00 2 0 GRO GGRR eee 3 00 No. 2, 10 and 12 in. 18 00 19 00 35), Saas 00 Giand(Siine. (tray cles 18 00 19 00 OSCR ane (ole) No. 3, roand 12in. 14 00 16 00 Cut'g up, No. 1, 1 in. 00 Gjand!8itn', .4 25... 2: 1450 15 50 1% to2 in 35 36 oo | Common, rin........ 16 00 18 00 Re. ek ss 18 00 20 00 r¥ andr¥in...... 18 90 20 00 No. 2,1% to2in.. 24 00 2600 POMS ea date vas 20 00 22 00 No. 3,1% tozin... 18 00 19 00 BOX, rxtoand x2 in. (No 3 Narrow .... 00 BO icic'sivicls's « 14 00] 1% in... fore) 1x6 and 8 in(No. 3 out) TGUSO [Pe lds’. sce e slaetacioec 00 1x13 and wider...... TE ROO ME ANOO! [PASTY ostas0:s sieis yarviiaid vie 00 SHINGLES. 18in. XXX, clear... 375 4 00| 16in., *A extra...... 260 270 18 in. XX, 6 in. clear. 2 85 | 16 in. clear butts..... 2 10 LATH. BNET SALES cisic.crs.ca.e « 250 2 ll i Tig Bikes steja/elerale et I 10 PGMA STS frcscracesie es « I 95 ALBANY, N.Y. ALBANY, N.Y., Mar. 10.—Just at present it is a case of anticipating a fairly good lumber season, but real work has not yet actually begun. PINE. 2¥ in. and up, good........ $56 $60 | ro-in. common............. $15 $16 IR O56 01S es Gee ea a 58 | 12-in. dressing and better... 28 34 SECIS ea ee 50 Common denise chy aaio:/00is I5 17 WCEP oo ciclss Oi an/evesa's es 45 | 14-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 40 45 1 to 2-in. good........... 52° 55 WOMIMOM A a lacseisiejes ea ae 0 15 17 HROGEENS elec ctcias sein ov sce 47 50 | r-in. siding, selected........ 38 42 Selects .<.... aie aN eae atcicts: 42 45 (Candmomtesaesee loses ace 15 17 PLCS sera aces cislerse.e.« 37 .40:| Norway, clears ...0.5 e000 22 25 PALS POON (ete acta nis wie «sve 52 55 PD ESSIM Buia stare a solevsrn clerarer 16 18 LG Se eee 47) 50) Moeramony/.t ck eu cisceeroac's 1m <5 SELSCEs i asteine ce 50:05 ic -- 42 45 | 1o-in. plank, 13 ft., dressing c. cc. IRIGKIGES eles tees os eas « 37. 40 and better, each ....... . 42) 55 Cating-up idan sc. «++. 22 27 | xo-in. plank, 13-ft. culls, each 23 25 Bracket plank ............. 30 35 | 10-in. boards, 13 ft., dressing Shelving boards, 12-in. up .. 30 32 and better, each.......... 28 32 Dressing boards, narrow.... 19 21 | ro-in. boards, 13-ft. culls.... 17 21 LATH, Piney ree asters lace ice os BREN AO) |PSDIUCE 0 s.0s ec cte O not trust to luck; the unexpeeted Do you know what pressure your Boilers can safely stand generally happens. Avoid the Is your Steam Gauge registering the correct pressure calamity of an explosion. Protect life Are your Water Gauges free and in good working order and property by taking out one of our Is your Safety Valve working properly @ Inspection and Insurance Policies. REAMER LUMBER CO. #0. WHOLESALE DEALERS IN WAITE PINE ~ «— HARDWOODS 4| Park Row New York <( Representative Lumber Manufacturers and Dealers Power, Style and UMBER TRUCK WH : Railway, Express, or Z Taam nearest Shinning Point NAME BUSINESS Daily Capacity Ottawa, Ont... .s0.0:203 Uae Re id Seay oe BOOLHS Jie ete ecansiralin okel~ fh slsibeltet Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Steam, Circular and Band Mill Ottawa, Ont......5..- Ottawacin2 secccieshcc Bronson & Weston Lumber Co. .|2 Sawmills, White and Red Pine, Wholesale . » | Wate, Gang and Band, 450m ——____ “J Ottaway Onty. 2..0...5 Ottagas wear css. OTTAWA LUMBER CO......... Lumber, Pine, Spriice; Hemlock,/ Wholesale}; 25 oihs.s as ara didi nicicistaceaictanceremiet erase i. ie Parry Sound, Ont..... Utterson ...... .|Conger Lumber Co..........-.. Lumber, Wholesale:and Retaili:. Je. eee aet al ene eee, 0 een ane Parry Sound, Ont..... Parry Sound Parry Sound LumberCo......... Saw, Shingle and Lath Mills, Pine, Wholesale ..|Water, Gang, Circular, Saw gom, Shingles 7om, Lath 30m Muskoka Mills, Ont...|Midland.............. Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Head|W. Pine Lumber, Lath and Bill Stuff, all lengths.}2 Mills, Water, 1 Band, 2 Gangs Office, Arcade, 24 King st. w., Toronto and 3 Circulars. Alexandria, Ont....... Alexandria .2..c0. 662: McPherson, Schell & Co. ....... Cheese Box Factory; Pine, ‘Spritce; (Cedars. .- -iliin seictuio s sits stele sys olsralbirfersist vic exits Almonte, Ont......... PAlmontey oc doce autre sac Caldwell, A. &Son.........- ‘ .|Sawmill, Pine, Lumber, Hemlock, Hardwoods. .|Circular, 3m Barrie tOnt. os +n... Batee nee bees 7 eee Dymont MaWickle! cis a) ncuer en Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, ‘Cedar, Hardwoods...... Steam, Circular, 4om )Barrow Bay, Ont...... MOV IAMEOM sc deine «cre aor Barrow Bay Lumber Co., Limited . .|Saw, Shingle "and Heading Mill, Pine, Cedar Oak, Oak Railway Ties, Paving (BlockSs. jasc Steam, Circular, 16m Blind River, Ont...... Blind River.<....% Blind River Lumber Co......... 2 Saw, Sh. and Lath Mls., Pine, Hem., Bl. Birch|Stm., Band, Cir., S. 75m, Sh. 60m Bobcaygeon, Ont...... Fenelon Falls......... Boyd, Mossom & Co..........-. Lumber, ‘Wholesale and/Retatl «5 2co07.0 ten sens lhe viseapsinreislsiesniesornsay eigiasadie eisiale eel BANE: SON beac. ss .cie e cae MSA ES eats es fede otei.5 IBUEEGW BIOS: ok cs 6 we elk oe oo lete Lumber, Wholesale'and ‘Retail. icc. Zehr sbsreetll eaten eerie iettiartaee on eter ee « Waubaushene, Ont....|Waubaushene......... Georgian Bay Consolid. Lumber Co.|Pine only, ........... 0.0 cccesnenee cn en cece een Waubaushene mill, stm., 200m; Hd. office arcade 24 King st. w., Toronto : Pt. Severn mill, water, 120m Calabogie, Ont........ CAJABO PIE: lori. aenecicn Carswell, Thistle & McKay...... umber; Wholesale aud! Retails. casein ety i| ema teree mre seta trcrttandeter = ote ete eee stele «». MANUFACTURERS OF ... Callander, Ont........ Callander, G.T.R. ....|John B. Smith &Sons ......... White and Red Pine Lumber, Bill Stuff, Lath 4 Head Office, Strachan Ave., Toronto] and Shingles...........:0:ceeeeeeeeeseeneee Steam, 2 Circular, 80m Collins Inlet, Ont,..... Collins Inlet .......... Collins Inlet LumberCo......... Lumber, Pine, Oak, Ash; Birch, Whol. and) Retsio 0. ya: os epee pines miataieleer cine & Glammis, Ont....,.... Pinkertonens® . saat <0 McIntyre, N. & A............ Saw, Shingle and Lath Mill, Timber Lands,|Steam, Cir., Saw 14m, Sh. 20m Charcoal Iron Ghilled Piamilton: 2520) 2 ees BRADLEY, MORRIS & REID CO. .| Huntsville Heath, Tait and Turnbull Hemlock, Pine, Lumber, Hardwoods......... «|Lume, ‘Timi, Pine iklem a ktwas., Wiboltand DRetii).., 1c) eacierairohslale mien aces Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Hardwoods... Steam, Circular, 25m Hamilten, a Huntsville, aa Hamilton, Ont. .| Huntsville and Katrine Thomson, Robert & Co. .|Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hardwoods............. Steam, Circular, 4m RAILROAD Keewatin, Ont Reeewatin . £565 vaca ost c Dick, Banning ICO cays «larnre Sawmill, Pine, Hardwoods, Wholesale.... ..|Steam, Circular Keewatin, Ont........ [ee watin.:..:.!/.cenuer Keewatin Lumber & Mfg. Co..... Saw, Lath, Sh. and Pl. Mill, Moving Posts, Pine] Water, Band and Circular, room Lakefield, Ont......... Wakefield) .40cn«ccmne. Lakefield Lumber Mfg. Co. ...... Lumber, Wholesale and Retail............. sill: day ag Bnd Sie ane’ gest opel ateg iors. 5 fa ee Little Current, Ont....|Sudbury.............. Howry, J. W. &Sons.......... Lumber, Wholesale-and [Retails 2 grcisiee :jelets oen-|| tig een mates tila et tee eee London, Ont.......... Won Opie sciences ates Gordon, James...........2¢. Exp. and dlr. in Am. Hwds, made to specification]..............c0seeereeecceeees Longford Mills, Ont...|Longford............. Longford Lumber Co........... Saw and Plan. Mill, Tim. Lands and Logs, Pine|Steam, Band and Circular, 10om Norman, Ont.......... Worman® -feecn ee .ccsk Minnesota & Ontario Lumber Co. . .| Lumber, Wholesale and Retail.........00cccsec[ecceceeceseucesceseeeneeeen snes Louise, Ont........... Elmwood, G.T.R...... S.B. Wilson & Son........... Hardwoods, Shingles, Lath, Handles........... Steam, Circular, 20m. Toronto; \Ont....5.<... Warren, CAPR: oc a! The Imperial Lumber Co., Limited. .|Pine...............-... 0.0. .02 0. eS a She ne 03 80 M. per day, Stm., 2 Cir. Saws Toronto, Ont..........|Cache Bay, Ont....... Davidson, Hay &Co........... W. Pine, Lath, Shingles, Dim. Timber, Car Sills)Stm, 2 Band, Cir. & Gang, 140m ee ke Mill | Taleneli eee Sejeswalsoni@Co., ac05 ss cue sue Pine and Hardwood, Wholesale................ Steam, Circular, 15m. OFFICES: Toronto, Ont...2-2-..-.- EOrORLOT = ee terete an RY We Pennant: 2.6 fon de eke Z Litiruber, Web Glesahe: wesc ais ahs 08a's on repincn Won viele eared ee aeaal scare ca Pestieceszate ea ihe ae Poronto, Ones. «2... oronto Wu wen eer ede are Donogh & Oliver ............ mibers Wii olesaleye cyceraretelsiereiatelses 16 ete) ealfareteterste Com NEW YORK LIFE INSURANGE BUILDING MONTREAL Woronto, Ont... act. MEoronto i Ssaceeee ae Victoria Harbor LumberCo....... 3 Saw, Shingleand Lath Mills, White Pine, Whol. Sen, Cir., Gang and Band, 140m ’ ‘Eoronto, oe = ere SEEDER Ae 5 o's ea wen Jai N. Meeeces Wi COe bn ee ave ee ees BPP 3 CE ae Com. Torgnto, Ont.......... ames Tennant & Co.......... umber, Lath, Shingles, etc., olesale san. sae Com. PRMMIMED vio sts a g.00.« oie DeLaplante & Bowden......... Pine and Hardwood Lumber, Whol. and Retail. WORKS : LAGHINE QUEBEG Toronto, Ont.;........ James McBain Reid. .......... Ry. and Ship Timber, any required dimensions..|...........0.00ceceeeseeuseeues 2 Wiarton, Ont.. < /RULOYS Sc iikoveye sca a ok, ee F g Sawmills, Lumber, Barrel Heads............. Stm.,Wr., Cir., Port. & Sta., rom a ;Montreal, Que. Montreai, Que........ Dufresse, 0. Jr. & Frere SHEARER & BROWN . : 4 Sawmills, Oak, Ash, Elm, Pine, Hem., Dim.. wmill, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Hdwds., Whol. Steam, Circular and Band, som 2 Stm., 2 Wat., Band, Cir., 4om We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re. quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and Moodyville, B.C,,..... MOODYVILLE SAWMILL CO. . . . .|Sawmills, P. Fin, Spruce, Cedar, Hardwoods . :|Steam, Circular, 20m peau bins peeipetonone din cit seek Steam, Circular, 38m - Bridgewater, N.S.,.... Bridgewater .......... DAVIDSON, E.D. &SONS...... 5 Saw, Shgle. and Lath Mills, Pine, Spr., Hwds.| Water, Circular and Gang, 200m South Rjver, Ont....,. South River, G.T.R...|South River Lumber Co., Ltd. ... ,|Pine, Spruce, Birch, Hemlock, Shingles........ Stm., Cir., 40m, Shingles, 35m, CORRESPONDENGE. ; Lath, 15m z Lumbermen desirous of being represented in this Directory can obtain information in regard to rates by communicating with the Publisher. SOLICITED Mineral Woo! Pipé «« Boller Covering If you want to save fuel dry steam at long distance : “ “ «“ st “ce HE best non-conductor is the cheapest covering. list as a fire-proof non-conductor. conductors, and are therefore the most expensive in the end. A good pipe covering is one of your best investments. It is false economy to have uncovered pipes, as ‘you are just paying the coal man what a6 . . to prevent condensation. « cold water pipes from dripping freezing “c “c Minera the covering man should have, and only ashes to shew for it. your consideration, it means money to you. We also carry full lines of Asbestos Goods, and Mineral Wool for fire- proofing, deadening of sound, insulation, etc., etc. GANADIAN MINERAL WOOL CO. LTD, Hard pressed coverings are poor non- Send for Pamphlet. [26 BAY ST, TORONTO USE 1 Best Box Metal Stands any Gait, Weight or Motion en “| MINERAL WOOL | SECTIONAL COPP COVERING 1 Wool heads the Give the matter Holds the best TESTIMONIALS from the largest ma- chinery manufactur- ers, owners and users in the country Four Grades do all your work with economy =e No Hor BOxeEs RINE. m2—AITVvs0OO A ALONZO W. SPOONER SOLE MANUFACTURER PORT HOPE, ONT. ee Marcu, 1894 THE CANADA WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Adver- tisements must be received not later than the 27th of each month to insure insertion in the following issue. ARTIES HAVING BLACK ASH LUMBER and Cedar Fence Posts fér sale send us particu- lars. Rosert THomson & Co., 103 Bay St., Toronto, E WANT ALL KINDS OF HARDWOODS. Will pay cash, ROBERT THOMSON & CO., 103 Bay Street, Toronto. as HEMLOCK, DIMENSION LUMBER, hardwood flooring, cedar shingles, piles, sawdust, etc., write J. E. MURPHY, lumberman, Hepworth station, Ont. WANTED roo LUMBER, BY CAR OR CARGO. Offers invited. Address ‘‘Baswood,” care of Canapa LUMBERMAN. es AND SHINGLE MILL FOR sale in the Village of Dundalk; this is good new so-horse power mill; will run lumber and shingles at same time; plenty of stock can be bought in the locality for four or five years at a “pa rate. Apply to Jon Irwin, Brampton, nt. WANTED SITUATION S BAND SAW FILER, NINE YEARS’ Ex- perience; also thoroughly practical on Rotarys. Steady and temperate ; good references. Best offer in December for next season and earliest to work, gets me.—H, HOWE, South Boardman, Mich. SAW MILL CAPACITY 15,000 FEET EST WATER AND RAILWAY FACILITIES for shipping. Hard and soft wood limits in con- nection. Will be sold cheap. Address ‘“‘W,” CANADA LUMBERMAN. COMMISSIONS HE ADVERTISER CAN SECURE BIG prices for black ash, basswocd, elm and maple in New York and surrounding markets, best of references given. Send lists of stock on hand. No shipment on consignment. Bona fide orders sent you before ship- ment. Address ‘‘ Commissions,’ MAN. care of CANADA LuMBER- FOR SALE ORT ROWAN SASH AND DOOR FACTORY and Sawmill and Shingle Mills. The Factory is fitted with new 60-h.p. steel boiler, also with follow- ing new machinery by Macgregor and Gourlay, of Galt. Large Matcher and Planer combined, Band Saw, Power Mortizer, Shafter, Jointer and Sandpaperer. Apply, ‘ Box 16, Port Rowan, Ont. LUMBERMAN “Sis LOGGING TRAMWAY FOR SALE About three miles of 25 1b. T-Rail; 12 Logging Cars complete, and a Shay Locomotive N GOOD CONDITION, FOR SALE ON AD- vantageous terms. For further particulars apply to JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front Street West, Toronto. RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. FOR SALE From 5 to 6 Million Feet of First-class VIRGIN WHITE PINE SAW LOGS HESE LOGS ARE THE FIRST CUT FROM new timber limits ; choice quality; are cut prin- cipally 16 feet long, and average from 5 to 6 logs per 1,000 feet, and can be delivered in the Georgian Bay by the rst of June, 1894. For particulars apply to J. D. SHIER, Bracebridge. Buy the Best____a_: The “WHITING” Saw-Set FOR CROSS-CUTS ONLY WARRANTED The only SWAGE SET made SAMPLE BY MAIL, PREPAID, 85c. DILLON | - OSHAWA, ONT. R. Rochester Bros. > > GOMMISSION AGENTS Limits bought and sold on commission. Limits trav- elled and carefully prepared. Estimates given. Some first-class berths on the North Shore of Lake Huron and on the Upper Ottawa now in our hands for sale. Communications confidential. 36 Rochester St. Ortawa References given. YGSE SOMETHING GCOD FERLESS MAGHINE \_ >CYLINDER 2. SAW MILLS SUPPLIED SPECIALLY WITH “High Grade... ... Heavy Quality SIXTEEN REASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use-of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. FOR PRICES AND SAMPLES OF REDDAWAY’S CAMEL FrATLR® BELT ENG (CAMEL BRAND) WRITE TO WA A Oe MTG SOLE AGENT FOR REDDAWAY & CO., MANCHESTER, ENG. Ob OG, ” “" ONvua Ta RY { The “Camel” Brand Belting stands almost twice the strain of best English oak double Leather Belting. AGENT ALSO FOR THE FABRIC FIRE HOSE COMPANY, OF NEW YorRK, U.S. HARD-MOUTHED HORSES AND PULLERS CONTROLLED WITH ABSOLUTE EASE. RUNAWAYS IMPOSSIBLE. This statement is now repeated by thousands who have purchased BRITT’S AUTOMATIC SAFETY BIT. SAFETY This Bit, by an automatic device, closes the horse’s nostrils, ovARATED HE CANNOT BREATHE, AND MUST STOP,® a= . )SAFETY FROM RUNAWAYS SD eae LUTERY GUARANTEED WITH THIS BIT Any horse is liable to run, and should be driven O a covering. < B Pi ° : . WS — ) th By_its use ladies and children drive horses sy x ae cou fa hold with the old style bits. — gaa Send for illustrated pamphlet containing testi- a Gla Medal, QJ monials from all parts of the world, and earnest Paris, 1889. SS and candid expressions about the BRITT AUTO- IC SAFETY BIT and its resistless but harmless and humane power ager: the most vicious horses and controlling the most stubborn pullers and hroni aways. yf ; The oily bit in the world that is endorsed, advocated, used and sold by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, The Highest Authority. DR. L. P. BRITT, 37 CoLLece PLACE, NEW YORK. DAK TANNED BELTING TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 THE J.C.MSLAREN BELTING C2 montrear 16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Marcu, 1894 rr. P. EGRARDT & GO. WHOLESALE GROCERS Lumbermen’s Supplies a specialty-..... Correspondence solicited HP. ECKARDT & G0. - 4 FRONT 81. EAST, TORONTO aL WSL KNIFE WORKS) zs A OF EVERY. DESCRIPTION FOR i ! Planing, Moulding and Cia Cutting i ) —S Send for Price List= PETER iiaAyY, Ce em WILLIAM FOSTER Lumber and Commission Merchant J.d. TURNER & SON .. Sail, Tent and Awning Maker... 251 George St. and 154 King St. RECEIVER AND FORWARDER OF LUMBER, LATH AND SHINGLES d Boat Sails made to order. Perfect acht an Fits Guarant 8d. . .. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED... PETERBOROUGH OWEN SOULS, emia: BRITISH COLUMBIA ; Wi | Ihe Vee ee 0% ply CODE: “AEATHER,” GORONTO GELEPAONE 18535 WM. OG. WILSON Manufacturers’ aie - | 24 ak st. E., Toronto The is Si Oil wee Prank Sea. (Locomotive, Valve Engine, Railway Coach and Car Oils) The ifwaieae Engine Packing Co., Hamil- ton, Ont. (Sectional Ring, Rainbow Sheet and Coil Packings, Asbestos Cement) The Magnolia Metal Co., New York (Endor pee dane! og Sonny elas Governments best ti-fric nM co bi n Ma i a Buffalo, N.Y. (Refined Oils in Tank Cars and Barrels, American Paraffin ne, Wax and Soap Stock) Peterboro The pee Carbon ue (Electric Carbon tee Ene and Cotton Belting, Linen Fire H se) Radaway & Co, (Camels’ Hai Detterick & Co. ‘Tanners, St. Catharine (Lace Leather, Rawhide, Russet and Calf) The Pennsylvania & Delaware Oil Co., New Or (American Lubricating Oils and Grease) ta Sm ESE Che ort on Amer Befor 2a mighicx * SE en write for my p RED CEDA K {JV me apn made arrangements with H. H. Spicer & Co., of Vancouver, B.C., for the exclusive sale in Ontario of their CreLesrateD Rep Cepar Suincies, I am in me a OR me QuanTITIEs. a position to supply the trade promprty and in Larce To the many patrons who purchased from us last year we extend our hearty thanks, and beg a con- tinuance of your patronage this year. Ke Dealers who have not yet handled these Shingles, we ask you to give them a trial, as we know that this is all that is necessary to insure a continuous trade. FL.N. TENNANT - Write for further particulars. LUMBER MERCAANT STO, 1, POrente So. = Marcu, 1894 ‘Dae BP CANADA LUMBERMAN F. E. DIXON & GO. MANUFACTURERS OF olar Rives Leather Belting piscounts *Q King St. East, Toronto DISCOUNTS Every Lumberman wants it 45 cents buys it SOFibnér’s LUMDEF and LOd Book SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, PRACTICAL INFORMATION Toronto J. W. MAITLAND————H. RIXON J. G. AINSILE W. STODARI ~ MAITLAND, RI RIXON & CO, OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Materiai kept in stock LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, CEDAR AND HEMLOCK @uotations furnished on application WE MAKE A... ees SPECIALTY OF NT & PRE MARQUETE RAILROAD FROM Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAH AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MT. PLEASANT, CLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company's line of steamships across Lake Michigan. The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all Canadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. Write the undersigned for Folders, which contain Maps, Train Schedules and much information of value to those contemplating a trip to any of the above- mentioned points. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. S GENERAL OFFICES: BC HINED TRIE FIRE PROOF Roorinche / ma ae rot BOOK FREE. ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE METALLIC ROOFING @ /MANUFACTURERS. TORONTO - SAGINAW, MICH. ER Ni mAACIAL Le WPE | Al stk / TO monty, GAN _|’TORONTO, CAN. od WANT A Life Policy An Endowment Policy An Investment Policy Or an Annuity Policy @ THE ONTARIO MUTUAL LIFE ISSUES THEM ALL 1 Policy em ip Distributior ar Survivorsh a € DeSL fo uy. It has r options a A WISE sl GENEROUS PLAN. Our Annuity Er wment Polic annual income to yourself durir ur- ity of the at y or to your fa = anc the aeniey Life Polic y gi °o your fam we during 20 years after your death; ay- ment immediate. The rates are lower than on ordir ary plans HAS CLUTHE OPPOSITE ROSSIN HOUSE NBA snes W “ESTABLISHED Dauntless Shingle and Heading Machine - WILL make more Shingles per day than any self-acting machine with vertical saw in existence, and more Shingles from the same quantity of timber. ——— [= TAE FRAME .. Is of Iron throughout, very heavy and rigid, strongly bolted and braced. TAE CARRIAGE .. Is very light and ‘strong, made of forged Cast Steel Plate, running on steel ways or tracks. Will take in a block 18 inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY IF. Jd. DRAKE! SAW, SHINGLE AND LATH MACHINERY fewer Pisks 7AAND ..... MANUFACTURER OF {copy.] Linpsay, May 18th, 1893. Mr. F. J. Drake, Belleville. Dear Sir,—The shingle machine we bought | of you over a year ago is doing well. Last year we averaged over 32,000 shingles per day all through the season. We did not lose 15 minutes’ time from all stoppages, and all repairs so far have not cost soc. We ex- pect to make a still higher average cut this year. All our other machinery purchased from you is as good as the shingle machine. Your drag saw, with friction drive, cannot “be beaten. We run ours 180 strokes per minute; with 6% ft. make blocks The splitter, with Gate se wheel 4 feet saw it would easily / for two shingle machines. diameter, weighing 1,000 Ibs., is perfect and runs without the least jar. The iron frame shingle jointer with 40-inch saw is In shaft, pul- | the only good jointer we ever saw. fact, all your machinery, line leys, etc., give us the best satisfaction. We expect to reqt another mill in a “- « : few days, and, if we do, will send you the order for complete outfit. Truly yours, M. Dovey. ; d work- | ing shingle mill send them to me.—M. D. P.S.—If any one wants to see a goo eee Wl ONT. 18 ‘TEE GANADA IUBMB Ee ei As Marcu, 1894 WW. E. HILL’S IMPROVED. DIRECT ACTING STEAM FEED AUTOMATIG STEAM-GUSHION OPERATED BY HILUS PERFECT BALANCED RELIEF VALVE. IMPROVED oy PISTON, BRACKET, Lever, lever stand connection. Output of your mill will be in- creased 10 to 25% by putting in prevents damage if operator loses control. this steam feed. If your boiler capacity is .suff- cient now, it will not be neces- sary to increase it. We also build the ordinary Prescott Steam Feed and Allis patent double valve economical Steam Feed BAND SAWS and Band Saw Tools These are of equal importance to the Band Mill. Without the = best saws and the best means of keeping them in order it == is impossible to get the best results from the Band Mill. IN BAND SAW TOOLS we build the largest and most im- proved line, having combined the best features of the lead- ing American tools with many valuable improvements. FOR INSTANCE These horizontal stretching rolls open the saw, putting in the proper ten- sion and doing away with a great deal of hammering that would be otherwise necessary. The work is done more evenly and quickly, requiring less skill from the operator. The rolls are hardened steel, ground to proper surface, and adjustable for saws of different thickness. The countershafts are interchangeable to drive either way. No filing room is complete with- out this tool. ‘Hills Niggers * IN BAND SAWS —» MAMMOTH AND MEDIUM SIZES We can supply you Saws made from the celebrated _ The Stationary latest improved “Sandvik” steel, guaranteed in every particular and Niggers are the simplest and best. ; They do away with the leaky uni- in perfect order to put on your wheels, at lowest pos- versal steam joints, and are more sible prices. It will pay you to give us a trial order. easily set up and connected. Made ® P eae § under Hills patents, “with all his If you are thinking of putting in a Band Mill, write us. latest improvements. Unless pro- perly made, a steam Nigger is a Our circular contains considerable information on the subject. positive disadvantage "in loss of | Remember the “Allis Improved Band” is the best. meee teed | MU AT EROQS, Brantrorp, Canapa Marcu, Slee THE CANADA LUMBERMAN DO YOU KILN DRY YOUR Lumber, Shingles or Lathe Bowe) TP Wie I CP Sea RES ZS Ke eS Ww =z DID YOU KNOW iT? ee Pe MY EY msc Andrews foes Y 1 FR —_—_—_— AT THE YVORLD’S Noa S Ox. CHICAGO TIME INSURANCE MATERIAL CAPITAL YARD ROOM LABOR INTEREST FREIGHT EXPENSE a — MANUFACTURED BY THE DOMINION DRY KILN CO. Toronto, Ont. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN MARCH, 1894 ADGONDION | LuMBERMEN, PLANING MILL MEN and all parties who are inter- ested in MILL MACHINERY ————— SAOULD SEND FOR MY— DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES, Nes: 17 and 18 Sees SS DPN GIEIOVOOCIE, Iron, Wood-working and Miscellaneous Machinery Immense List of Engines, Boilers, ae ——____NOTE THE ADDRESS ;_ em A.W. PETRIE 00 145 Front St. West, = - (Adjoining New Union Passenger Station) WAREHOUSE: |! “2 4 Macurnist, DerEaLER IN . New anp SeEconp-HAND MAacuiInErRy 2... TORONTO 1892 MODEL TORONTO AGENCY OF Remington — WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Unapproached for Excellence of Design and Con- struction, Quality of Work, Simplicity and Durability. OFFICE Nos. 213, 214 and 215 4&2 MACHINES FOR RENTAL OPERATORS SUPPLIED SEND FOR CIRCULAR GEORGE BENGOUGH | SPACKMAN & CO. Atchine St, East 164 St. James Street Tel. 1207. TORONTO | Tel. 1189 MONTREAL .G. ROSS & CO. Real Estate, Fire and Life Insurance SHIPPING AND GENERAL COMMISSION AGENTS . TIMBER LIMITS AND FARMING LANDS A SPECIALTY. ... NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C. Box 272 A.B.C. Cove CasLe Appress: ‘‘ROSS” CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED DONOGH== & OLIVER 336 LUMBER Board of Trade Building Toronto, Ont. The Rathbun Go. Oak, Arsh, Birch fasswood and Good Pine Lumber Cedar and Pine Shingles ee Manufacturers having such for sale are invited to com municate with T. W. WALKER, Agent TORONTO Office Cor. Spadina Ave. and Front Street THOS. MCORAKEN (Member Toronto Stock Exchange) es BROKER & FINANCIAL AGENT DEALS SPECIALLY IN TIMBER LIMITS No. 2 Victoria Street, J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath & Shingles BRAGCEBRIDGB, ONT. Telephone No. 418. TORONTO, ONT. ATE NTS CAVEATS and Lu mbermen P TRADE MARKS —_ Obtained in Canada. YOUR BUSINESS IS UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PAT- EO oe ENTS A SPECIALTY. a ". ADVERTISING . Engineering Drawings Furnished. W. J. GRAHAM, 71 Yonge St. ‘Lorem to GANADA Luuseiiene *. WRITE FOR PARTICULARS. B.K. How & SON MANUFACTURERS OF Me SAW M ] LL pr men to be ad 6 Best AY | SHINGLE MILL Westin | MACHINERY on the Shingle Machinery a Specialty Market REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND GAREFULLY EXECUTED Gravenhurst, Ont. The “BOSS” ga Shingle Machine f Manufactured by us is acknowledged —_ = « © -— Le ae | Votume XV. TORONTO, ONT., APRIL, 1894 (Srmctid Goran tt Goa @@ MAGNOLIA METAL IN USE BY Hight Leading Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AITD ALL MACHINERY BRARINGS Po A rN OlWIA METAL CoO, manatee ; e Manufacturers LONDON OFFICE: 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET y CHICAGO OFFICE: TRADERS’ BUILDING ng 74 Gortlandt St.. NEW YORK SS ~ RUBBER BELTING MONARCH, RED STRIP AND LION BRANDS. MANUFACTURED BY (LTD) THE GUTTA PERCHA & RUBBER MANUFACTURING CO. OF TORONTO. OFFICE 61863 FRONTS™W. TORONTO. FACTORIES AT PARKDALE, ONT. Write. For Discounts. GEO. GORMAGK Wholesale and Retail Dealer in ALL KINDS OF LUMBER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL | Cc. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhue & Go. MANUFACTURERS OF Join Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS, ONTARIO MANUFACTURERS OF EATHER BELTING °°": WOOD -WORKING Machinery |{{1] [CREE OT CE LEATHER WRITE FOR PRICES AND CATALOGUE Danville, Que. WHITBY, ONTARIO E.R. Burns SaW G0. a S@ < - SS Se SISY FACTORY: *Phone 5120 034-536 Dundas Street — Fo. — 93-95 Fisher Strect ig Crosscut ) €6gI ‘qI9¢ aunf{ pojuajeg .*.:.: ae E.R. BURNS men, ae Grossout Saw Handle |} Gircutar THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE ‘ AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED oe) te S aws SK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY THE CANADA LUMBEBIZAN Beatie THe PREeeos. | Pand Daw Mile THE 'BAND SAW PRESCOTT MILL CARRIAGES BAND SAW MILL in different sizes Prescott’s Automatic Carriage Offsets Prescott’s Direct-acting Steam Feeds ! COVEL'S am SAW TOOLS FOR FILING ROOM Ottawa, Can., 4 July 5th, 1892. TOP GUIDE NOW MADE WITH GOOSE NECK ARM Dear Sirs: It may interest you to know that on June 30th last, in eleven hours, the Band Mill—driven entirely by water—which we got from you, sawed To WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: This is to certify that the Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- borough, Ontario, have been licensed to manu- facture and sell throughout the Dominion of Canada, the Band Saw Mill known and called the “Prescott Patent Band Mill,” also { ATATTS i N — “ the device for Saw Mill Carriage 4,047 feet 41-inch 3 | ent MN gr known as the “Prescott Patent ge teh gaye . “an "al i —__ Offsetting Mechanism,” and by A virtue of said license the said Wm. eas ame ea Hamilton Manufacturing Company possess the exclusive right to~ Sela aay S078 °° S build and sell said machines for Canada, the plans for said ma- chines being furnished or ap- proved by the undersigned. 106,619 feet. Yours truly, PERVEY: & PATTBE (Signed) D.. CLINT PRESCOTT, [copy] Patentee. SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE TO The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co. Ltd. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. BRANCH OFFICE: VANCOUVER, B.C. T#® CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumE XV. NuMBER 4. IN THE LUMBER WOODS. HE current number of the Canadian Magazine, a journal that is making encouraging progress, and creditably represents the best thought of the Dominion, contains an interestingly written paper, with illustrations, on lumbering in Canada, written by Mr. E. C. Grant, the well-known manager of the Ottawa Lumber Com- pany, of Ottawa, Ont. Mr. Grant writes, not alone with literary grace and skill, but is able from out of his long and practical experi- ence to impart much valuable in forma- tion concerning the actual work for cutting the standing timber, preparation of the drives, etc. We give here an abridgement of Mr. Grant’s paper. Prefacing the paper with a colloquid account of the engagement of a gang of logmakers for the winter’s work, whose wages, it is said. will range from $15.00 { to $60,00 per month, and the men having been started on their season’s journey, Mr. Grant gives a faceitious description of the journey. There is the running of various rapids, the handling of the load, often coupled with tests of strength by the heartiest of the men, showing who can carry the largest load on his back. The camping over at night with an ac- count of the improvised spread for supper is pleasantly told. Destination reached the men quickly settle down to business. The foreman is the earliest riser in the shanty; he getting up to waken the cook, who prepares the breakfast, and gives the rest of the men’ a call about fifteen minutes before it is ready, which is more than ample time for the completion of a standard bush toilet. The cook really reigns supreme in his domain, and, as a rule, is quite a character, and should he be endowed with the proper qualifications, he will be a great favorite with the men and give them great amusement in their idle moments. Ifhe is quick at repartee, he will be able to repel the jocular attacks on him which they all make from time to time. So much of his time is taken up attending to his cooking and baking that he is allow- ed an assistant, called a “chore boy,” who cuts the wood, washes up the dishes, and makes himself generally useful. The first men to start out are the log- makers, who generally go in gangs of about four each. Each four is in charge of a head log-maker, who, as a rule, is an old hand and able to judge the quality of a tree as it stands, and who notes a great many trees, which to an inexperienced person might ap- pear sound, would upon being felled, be found to contain either bad shake, spunk, rot, or other defect, and not worth the labor spent in bringing them to earth. If square timber is to be made, as well as logs, then when the tree is felled the head logmaker will be able to tell at a glance how much of it will make a perfect square, and if satisfactory, a chalked line will be produced and fastened to each end of the tree, over the part to which the piece is to besquared. Then it is pulled up in the centre and suddenly let go, causing it to strike the log sharply and leave the mark of the chalk the entire length. _ The same thing is done on the other side of the upper surface ; and two men, called liners, take their positions on the top of the log, and with their axes chip out the sides to within about a quarter of an inch of the chalked line. Then the hewer comes along with his broad- ag TORONTO, ONT., APRIL, 1894 f TeRMs, 1.00 Per YEAR Since Cortes, 10 Cents axe and finishes these sides, making an even surface plumb with the lines. The log-makers, who have been going through the same process on other trees, return in the afternoon to the ones that they were at in the morning, and, turning them over, treat the other two sides in a like manner; and the hewer who has been following them up, also comes around again and completes the stick. Any pieces that are left over, or will not make timber, are cut HAULING LOGS TO STREAM. up into saw logs of lengths ranging from twelve feet six inches to sixteen feet six inches, these being the lengths _ commonly used for the manufacture of lumber. The logs of timber being finished, along come the road-cutters, who clear a space wide enough to permit of the logs being hauled to some lake or tributary of the main stream. The logs all having been drawn on to the ice, a good deal of delay is often caused, waiting until it breaks up and allows the driving to commence. When the ice starts to move it does not take long to clear the creeks, as, the water being high, it is an easy matter to roll the gs = - > ~ n OOP RY ogee Tie A RAFT. logs down the banks into the stream. As the logs pour out of these streams into the main river, they are caught in a pocket, or boom, which is made of long, flatted pieces of timber securely fastened together with chains which are passed through holes in either end of them After collecting all the logs and timber which have been taken out, the drivers construct a capstain crib, to the bow of which a capstain is securely fastened, while at the stern they fasten the booms. Then one end of a rope is attached to the capstan, while the other end is taken off in a boat to a distance of about one hundred yards and “snubbed” to a large tree. After this has been done the men return to the crib and start working at the capstain until the logs have been drawn up to where the rope has been snubbed. The same process is repeated until a point is reached where the river is navigable. Then the logs are taken to the point of consumption by a towing company. Be- fore reaching this point, however, they may have come to a rapid where the booms have to be loosened and the con- tents allowed to run through them as best they may. If the water is fairly deep and the rapids not very rocky, there is not much difficulty to contend with, but should the logs begin to jam, there is no telling when the jam will break. Ihave seen two or three hundred thousand logs tangled up to such an extent that the men had to resort to explosives to move them. A great deal of knack is brought into action during one of these jams. It is a great thing to be able to locate the key logs, which, when once displaced, start the logs moving. As the drivers run a great risk of being caught by the logs, when they start to move, they have to use every precaution. When the key log is found, they drive a long spike into it, with a ring attached to the other end ; then a rope is tied to the ring and the log is pulled out of position by the men on the shore, after giving the others time to get out of the way. . As one can readily see, this mode of locomotion would be most injurious to the square timber: which, when it reaches a more navigable part of the stream, is treated in the following way: All the pieces, as near as possible, of a uniform size, are gathered together and made into cribs about twenty-three feet wide and any- where from thirty to forty feet long. The length does not matter, but, as they have to pass through a number of slides, the width must not go over twenty- three feet or they would be unable to do so. After the cribs have all been made up they are fastened together with what is called cat-pieces. These cat-pieces are made of a: BS a piece of three inch deal with a hole in 4 either end, through which the stakes that "\_ have been driven into the cribs are passed. | Then a sufficient number of small cabins are made, each to accommodate four men, and placed on the loading sticks of the cribs, and, the raft-oars having been sawn, we are ready for another start. A steam tug takes us in tow and drops us at the head of the first rapid, where we snub the raft and pre- pare to make the descent. As the cribs run through the rapid they are caught up at the bottom and again fastened together and prepared for the next tow, and so on until they reach the point at which they are taken apart and loaded on ship-board for some foreign market, for the square timber is very seldom used for home con- sumption. While the rafts are passing by Ottawa, en route, you may often see a party of visitors run- ning some of the slides on the cribs, or else partak- ing of a meal on the raft cookery, a novel experience to many. > 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ea APRIL, 1894 TALKS WITH WOOD-WORKERS. I‘ has been suggested that the LUMBERMAN could profitably use a portion of its space each month with practical talks to the many wood-workers who are readers of this journal. Wood-working is an important section of the lumber industry, and anything that can be said to strengthen the hands and help to im- prove and facilitate the work of those whose business it is to make into the perfect article the timber after it has passed through the hands of the saw mill man, will strengthen the lumber industry as a whole. It will bea pleasure to the writer to chat with readers along these lines once a month, and with the object of making these talks as useful as possible, I. am in hopes that readers will do their part in contributing points, suggestions and information from out of their every-day experience. ¥ * * ¥ I have been shown an article on “ Mortising Ma- chines,” which will appear in this number of the LUMBERMAN. Workmen have different views as to mortising, and it may be that all readers will not agree with Mr. Harmon, the writer of the article in question. It seems to me, however, that he has brought out some strong practical points as to the best methods of utiliz- ing a mortising machine. It is doubtful whether all workmen have recognized the force of what is said in ' regard to mortising soft wood. We are apt to do many things without thinking, and because hard wood has been always bored before mortising we may have come to the conclusion that this rule would apply to all woods. Mr. Harmon says that this does not necessarily follow. Many other suggestions out of actual experience are made by this writer. * * * * Anyone who has had much to do with equipping a wood-working shop knows how quickly the machinery runs into money. Having locked up, as it is supposed to be, a considerable amount of capital in machinery the owner is naturally anxious that he should not be called upon too speedily again to replenish this depart- ment of his business. If good judgment and wise economy has been shown in buying the various ma- chines the plant will last for a good while. It not unfrequently happens, however, and the remark can be made here, that the fullest economy is not always shown in the purchase of machinery. Because of the poor character of the machinery, it may not be long in use before something gets out of kilter. But no matter how good the machinery may be it will wear out after a time, and it is here that many men makea mistake. Ma- chinery requires men to run it, and it has well been said that it costs as much to employ a man to runa worn-out machine as a good one. [ would be disposed to put this even stronger ; it costs more to employ a man to run a worn-out machine than a good one, for the reason, that no matter how capable the man may be he is not going to put in the same work each day tinkering away on an old machine. Let the “boss” take notice of this, and in a quiet hour figure: out the cost for replenishing a worn-out machine, and against that what it is costing him per day to pay a first-class workman to get only partial work out of said old machine. * + *& *% So many have been the improvements made in plan- ing machines we are apt to suppose that a state of perfection in these machines has been reached. But what folly. The brain of man in these clos- ing days of the 19th century is too active to permit of perfection even in planing machines. The records of the patent office show that constant improvements in planers and matchers are being made right along. Do you not think so, fellow-workers ? Oe oe The question of transmission of power in every machine shop is a many-sided one. Perhaps there is no subject more discussed in different ways in mechani- cal journals of the day than that of transmission of belts, the adhesion of ropes and the driving power of bands or other tractive apparatus for transmission. It is to be expected that mechanics will hold widely different opinions on a question of this kind, and that views will be made public that others will look upon as nothing but fallacy. A writer in Industry has been exposing what he considers a mechanical fallacy in an adhesion of ropes, bands, etc. He says: “Adhesion instead of being a virtue is commonly a vice, lessening first cost at a loss of double as much in maintenance. There is no lack of tractive force, in fact, there is too much of it in most driving gearing, and we recommend that when an agent comes around to explain what a high duty he can attain with a rope, or how much the driving power of a band can be increased, the safest way is to place no confidence in such schemes and have nothing to do with them. If ropes slip, more ropes are needed ; if belts slip they are too narrow. If a shaft is required to perform a certain work, we provide one at least three times as large as the torsional strain demands ; a wide factor of efficiency is provided in wheel teeth, beams, framing, indeed in nearly all the elements of machinery until we come to belts and ropes for transmission. These are commonly strained to their full capacity, hence the demand for increasing ‘adhesion.’” * & % & Just as there is no end of nostrums, alleged to cure every ill the flesh is heir to, so there is no end to the number of wrinkles that are constantly being shoved under the nose of the worker in mechanical lines to help in some department of his work. Some of these are, no doubt, good, and from the travelling man one will not unfrequently pick up a real good thing. But it isa case where there needs to be good care used, or one may easily get rid of his quarter. Men loose valuable time and sometimes spoil good material ; this being the case I am disposed to say with a writer in the Lumber World, “ Beware of the ‘wrinkle’ man.” To illustrate the admonition this writer tells of a recent wrinkle that will interest wood workers. The wrinkle was clothed in these words : ‘A good furniture polish may be made by putting equal parts of spirit of wine, vinegar and _ olive oil in a large bottle, and shaking thoroughly every day for a week, when it will be ready for use. This polish should be applied to the furniture with a soft woollen cloth and thoroughly rubbed in. If the furni- ture is very dirty it may be rubbed clean with a woollen cloth dipped in kerosene.” Answering the question, What do you think of that? the same writer points out what little practical use it can be. He says for one thing it is barely probable that a pint of olive oil and a pint of vinegar and a pint of spirit of wine mixed and treated as directed may form a three pint mixture that will clean polished wood. A break in either elements will make a new compound that may act very differently from the one struck by the man who made this wrinkle. Again, is the province of a polish cleaner to be “ rubbed into” the polish? As the polish depends upon the surface, what will become of the polish when the perfect surface of the varnish is changed by the “rubbing in” of an emulsion of olive oil, spirit of wine and vinegar? Will not any “woollen cloth” scratch any fine polish on wood? And what effect will “kerosene” have on a polish? I have tried this “wrinkle,” using the articles named as they are sold in general. The result? Well, a piano finish was utteily spoiled by it without “thoroughly rubbing it in.” A carriage-body finish was deprived of its shine totally. On chairs and sofas it spoiled the finish. It dulled the faces of so-called “French walnut” veneers. Ordinary fillered-oak, thickly covered with varnish, came out speckled and spoiled. Jas. A REMARKABLE DAM. NE of the most remarkable dams in the world for height and construction is that by which the Vyrnwy river, Northern Wales, is enabled to supply water to the city of Liverpool, some seventy miles distant. In building this dam a great trench was excavated across the valley for a length of 1,100 feet, a width of 120 anda maximum depth of sixty. The masonry was started in this trench ; it consists of immense irregular blocks of slate, wedged together and thoroughly bedded in Port- land cement mortar, the faces being formed of cut stone block, fitted together with great care, the greatest height ofthe dam being 161 feet. Its most remarkable feature is the lack ofany channel to carry off floods, the surplus in the lake flowing down the front of the dam covers an area four and three-fourth miles long, from one quarter to five-eights of a mile wide and holds largely over 12,- 000,000 gallons. The aqueduct, leading from the intake tower to the distributing reservoir, about two miles from the city, is sixty-eight miles long, and consists principally of a large cast iron pipe line from thirty-nine to forty-two inches in diameter. There are a number of reservoirs and tanks along the line, and at one place is a great filtering plant. CANADIAN LUMBERING IN OHIO. 7s Timberman, of Chicago, tells of a peculiar feature of the lumber business in Ohio in which - Canadians have a somewhat strange interest. It appears that a few weeks ago a certain lumberman of Defiance, Ohio, was placed under arrest on a charge of violating the alien contract labor law. Those charged with the violation of the federal statutes deny that they are amen- able thereto, as they engage their labor on the American side of the line, though’they do employ a large number of Canadians. But however this may be, the fact has developed that a large business has been done for many years in that part of Ohio in the shipment of timber to Quebec for export. Large numbers of men were employed cutting timber and preparing it for export the work being done under contract with Quebec merchants. The story of the development of this business is told as follows: Back in the early fifties, when northwestern Ohio was still largely a forest country, the Canadian- French crossed the lakes and established head-quarters at Defiance in the very heart of the magnificently tim- bered Maumee valley. From that place gangs of hewers and choppers were sent out into the forests, converting the oak, walnut and poplar into timber which was floated down the river and thence by lake to Quebec. It has been a large industry, which has afforded employment to thousands of men and benefited not only the laborers brought from Canada, but contractors, merchants, etc., in Ohio, particularly along the Maumee valley from Toledo up. It is estimated that during the five months of the present season there will be taken from the forests for this purpose 1,200,000 cubic feet of timber, which will average in Ohio 33 cents per cubic foot, or a total of about $400,000; all foreign money brought to Ohio in one season by the timber industry. And this has led to the action referred to on the part of federal officials at Toledo. A LUMBER SPEECH. \Pagervaice the Government’s Tariff Bill in the Com- mons a few days ago, Mr. Bennett, of East Simcoe, as representing a constituency in which is embraced the large lumber interests of the Georgian Bay territories, said: He blamed the Ontario Government for disposing of timber limits to American speculators without restricting them to the manu- facture of the logs in Canada. The result had been that mil- lions upon millions of feet of logs had been taken out of the country. The Dominion Government had imposed a $2 and then a $3 export duty on logs. The effect of this was to bring about the reopening of saw mills on the shore of Georgian Bay, but in 1888, largely due to the intercession of Mr. Charlton, the export duty was removed, in consideration of the fact of the American duty on lumber being reduced from $2 to $1 per thousand feet. The result had been to almost destroy the lumber industry, which was the mainstay of Georgian Bay towns, and the expatriation of 12,000 people, who were en- gaged in that industry. Why, he asked, should all these people be expatriated by the Government simply to please Mr. Charlton and Mr. Edwards. He asked the House to consider this question honestly, and interfere for the protection of the people whose rights had been denied by the Ontario Government. The lumbermen had made money even. when the American duty on lumber was $2 a thousand. He de- manded that now the masses should be given a chance instead of the pampered class. The Americans must have our white pine, and if under the Wilson Bill the duty of $2 a thousand were reimposed on lumber the American consumer would pay the duty and not the Canadian producer. Mr, Bennett ex- pressed the hope that the demand of the thousands of people dependent upon this industry for their livelihood would be heeded by the Government. He proposed that an export duty of $3 to $5 a thousand feet should be imposed upon logs. Mr. Bennett strongly advocated the completion of the Trent Valley Canal, and expressed the hope that the Government would be awake to this matter. He considered this to bea more important national undertaking than the project of deep- ening the St, Lawrence canals, ’ : height and twenty feet in diameter. APRIL, 1894 VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS. To what ends may electricity be not applied? A successful trial has been made iu Sweden tofell trees by means of electricity. The method is very simple and consists in passing the platina wire around the stem of the tree heating it toa glow, cutting through the same much in the same way as one would divide a piece of soap with a piece of twine. One of the chief advantages is that the end of the log being burnt gives the log a better Felling Trees By Electricity. quality. Investigations have been pursued in Belgium by M. W. Prinz for the pur- pose of ascertaining the internal temperature of trees. He finds, that as a rule, a large tree is warmer than the air in winter, and a little colder than the airin summer. The mean annual temperature of a tree is practically the same as that of the surround- ing air, but the monthly mean differs by several degrees. Heat changes are transmitted slowly to the heart of a tree, the temperature of the interior differing sometimes as much as ten degrees C., from that of the air. When the air temperature is below the freezing point, the temperature of the tree appears to remain just above the freezing point of its sap, andin the hot days of summer the internal temperature was not known to vary more than two degrees from 15 degrees C. (59 degrees F.) Heat of Trees. The aborigines have their own pecu- liar methods of acquiring knowledge and arriving at certain conclusions. Our boyhood days have been delighted with stories of the native red man and his ways of living. But the story comes to us, as told by Julius Chambers in a The Timber Cruiser. recent issue of the Century, that forms even a strange parallel to the life of the red man. The tale is of the timber crusier who is more a child of the forest, says Mr. Chambers, than the native he succeeds. Heis the percursor of the lumberman and the saw mill, two important factors in our progressive civilization. He is untaught. Generally he knows nothing of astronomy but the sun’s course and the polar star, because the heavens are so often wholly out of sight in the tangled forest that he relies on their guides. The mysterious secrets of terrestrial nature, handed down to him by generations of pathfinders gone before, keep him in- formed. On the prairie he knows that the tips of the grass always incline toward the south, and that they are less green on the northward side. In the forest the slender twigs on the boughs bend southward so slightly, it may be, that only the trained eye can detect the de- flection ; yet itis there. The moss on the tree trunks is always on the north side ; the bark is smoother and more supple on the east than toward the west, and south- ward the mildew never comes. The trees of the forest have thoroughly established themselves in literature, The poet sings of them ; the descrip- tive writer finds few themes on which he can dilate with greater ease and picturesqueness than the giants of the woods or it may betiny shrub of our gardens. The esthetically inclined finds in the tree, its constitution, and foliage, a subject for endless study. The student of forestry knows full well the important part the trees of the forest play in the regulation of climatic conditions and the fixing and sometimes the unfixing of agricultural pursuits. But in general literature stories of the size of some of our great trees occupy, perhaps, the most popu- lar place. It is a little hard to say just how correct these stories may some times be, for every writer is apt to think he can tell the best tree story It has, however, Some Big Trees. q x been pretty fully established that the big tree is surpassed in size only by the eucalyptus of Australia, while the red- wood may claim the honor of being the third largest tree in the world. The largest known redwood is 365 feet in The big tree attains a greater diameter, but does not reach a proportionately greater height. Thus there are big trees recorded having a diameter of forty-one feet, but we have seen none mentioned as being over 4oo feet in height. The height of the largest known eucalyptus tree is stated to be 470 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN uN feet, but the diameter is only twenty-seven feet. So while taller than the largest big tree, if their proportions are the same, the California tree has about twice the bulk of the one which grows in Australia. With odd excep- tions, however, we find perhaps the best average of big trees inthe Dominion among the splendid trees of British Columbia on the Pacific Coast. Can the number of accidents in our mills and shops be lessened? As we have more than once pointed out in LUMBERMAN columns were there a little less foolish bravado and a more serious regard for the value of one’s own life there would not be so many accidents. The subject is one where line upon line is an absolute neces- sity. It is,as another has remarked, familiarity with danger seems to breed often a contempt for it, and an utter carelessness. Our contemporary, The Trades- man, remarks, we have seen the “ Mohawk Dutchman,” the celebrated expert with a band scroll saw, rub the ball of his thumb in dirty grease and then cut the grease off with the rapidly running saw as clean as could be done with soap and water. We have seen a man put his finger under a powerful trip hammer in motion just to show how well he could manage the machine. Many other foolish things are done just to “show off.” But most of the accidents happen through a carelessness resulting from familiarity. As long as an operator is afraid of his machine he is not apt to get hurt. Many human minds are so constituted that they cannot bear a sustained effort in one direction ; that is, cannot be always equally on the alert in regard to a certain con- tingency. A train dispatcher or switch tender may hold a place for years without ever making a mistake, and at last make a terrible one from some cause he could not explain. The only way to lessen the number of casual- ties—they cannot be avoided entirely—is to take precautions. Foolish Bravado. — FOREST PROTECTION. Peer: B. E. FERNOW, the forestry chief of the United States government, has summed up the forestry legislation of Europe in the following manner in the April Century :-— In Germany the various governments own and man- age, in a conservative spirit, about one third of the for- est area, and they also control the management of an- other sixth, which belongs to villages, cities and public institutions, in so far as these communities are obliged to employ expert foresters, and must submit their work- ing plans to the government for approval, thus prevent- ing improvident and wasteful methods. The other half of the forest property, in the hands of private owners, is managed mostly without interference, although upon methods similar to those employed by the government, and by trained foresters, who receive their education in one of the eight higher and several lower schools offorestry which the various governments have established. The several states differ in their laws regarding forest property. Of the private forests, 70 per cent. are with- out any control whatever, while 30 per cent. are subject to supervision, so far as clearing and devastation are concerned. The tendency on the part of the government has been rather toward persuasive measures. Thus, in ad- dition to buying up, or acquiring by exchange, and re- foresting waste lands—some 30,000 acres have been so reforested during the last 25 years—the government gives assistance to private owners in reforesting their waste lands. During the last 10 years $300,000 was granted in this way. In Austria, by a law adopted in 1852, not only are the state forests (comprising less than 30 per cent. of the total forest area) rationally managed, and the manage- ment of the communal forests (nearly 4o per cent.) offi- cially supervised, but private owners (holding about 32 per cent.) are prevented from devastating their forest property to the detriment of adjoiners. No clearing for agricultural use can be made without the consent of the district authorities, from which, however, an appeal to a civil judge is possible, who adjusts the conflict of in- terests. Any cleared or cut forest must be replanted or re- seeded within five years ; on sandy soils and mountain- sides clearing is forbidden, and only culling of the ripe timber is allowed. In Hungary also, where liberty of private property rights, and strong objection to government interference, had been jealously upheld, a complete reaction set in about 15 years ago, which led to the law of 1880, giving the state control of private forest property as in Austria. Under a law adopted in Italy in 1888, the depart- ment of agriculture, in co-operation with the depart- ment of public works and in consultation with the for- estral committee of the province and the respective owners, is to designate the territory which, for public reasons, must be reforested under government control. The owners may associate themselves for the pur- pose of reforestation, and for the purpose may then bor- row money at low interest from the State Soil-Credit In- stitution, the forest department contributing three-fifths of the cost of reforestation upon condition that the work is done according to its plans, and within the time specified by the government. In Russia, until lately, liberty to cut, burn, destroy and devastate was unrestricted ; but in 1888 a compre- hensive and well considered law cut off, so far as this can be done on paper, this liberty of vandalism. For autocratic Russia this law is rather timid, and is in the nature of acompromise between communal and private interests, in which much, if not all, depends on the good will of the private owner. A federal law was adopted in Switzerland in 1876 which gives the federation control over the forests of the mountain region embracing eight entire cantons and parts of seven others, or over 100,000 acres of for- est. The federation itself does not own any forest land, and the cantons hardly 1000,000 acres, somewhat over 4 per cent. of the forest area, two-thirds of which is held in communal ownership, and the rest by private owners. The federal authorities have supervision over all can- tonal, communal and private forests, so far as they are “ protective forests ;” but the execution of the law rests with the cantonal authorities, under the inspection of federal officers. In France, not only does the state manage its own forest property (one-ninth of the forest area) in approved manner, and supervise the management of forests be- longing to communities and other public institutions (double the area of state forests) in a manner similar to the regulation of forests in Germany, but it extends its control over the large area of private forests by forbid- ding any clearing except with the consent of the forest administration. NOTES ON STEAM. The expense of restoring worn-out piston rods is much greater than the difference in cost between a good and a poor packing. If fibrous packings are used se- lect those which have the greatest amount of elasticity. Those having a flat surface next the rod allow of a more perfect bearing and require less pressure to keep them tight. Packings should not remain too long in use, or long enough to become hard, otherwise the rod will be sure to be scored. A perfect piston rod ‘is one of the surest indications of a careful engineer, as a scored rod indicates the careless and unthinking engineer. We would like to inquire what a safety stop is on a governor for, if not to be used? It is by no means an uncommon thing to go into an engine room and find the blocking-up pin left in the governor of a Corliss engine or the lever hooked up, or the collar thrown around ona Greene, or the top motion on a Wheelock not in posi- tion. The excuse that the engineer has is usually no ex- cuse at all; that he is always around, and if anything happens he is right at hand. These devices can be thrown in position fur use in a second, and surely an enginee: can spare that amount of time every day. When an accident happens it is almost invariably when some one is not at the throttle, and it only takes a few seconds to bring an engine to the danger point of speed. Do not be found with this protection against racing not in position, if there is one on your engine, is our advice to engineers. 6 ; THE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1894 - PUBLISHED ON THE First OF EACH MONTH — BY— Cc. H. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION Lire BUILDING, TorRONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. ‘ Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting the truth. Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the Canapa Lum BERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to “‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the CANADA LuM- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in‘it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging &s to render it even more complete. ——— ——— —_,ho!!— NOTICE OF REMOVAL. SEE EERS, advertisers, and others concerned are particularly requested to note that the offices of THE CANADA LUMBERMAN have been removed from the Canada Life Building to the CON- FEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, Richmond and Yonge Streets. All communications should in future be addressed to C. H. MORTIMER, publisher CANADA LUMBERMAN, Confederation Life Building, Toronto. CHANGE OF OWNERSHIP. FOR some years I have been talking to readers of THE LUMBERMAN through these columns, but with this issue my connection with the journal ceases. Mr. C. H. Mortimer, the well-known publisher of the Canadian Architect and Builder and Canadian Electrical News has purchased the entire assets and good-will of the paper and with this issue assumes the duties of editor and publisher. That he is capable of maintaining Tar Lum- BERMAN in the front rank of Canadian trade journalism there is no room for doubt. I trust that not only will the patronage heretofore extended to me be continued to the present owner, but that the amount of advertise- ments and subscriptions will be supplemented. To the lumber and wood-working trades my thanks are extended for favors in the past. In conclusion I would say : “Stick to your own trade paper and it will stick to you.” A. G. MORTIMER. IN assuming the management and ownership of THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, I deem it only necessary to state that no effort shall be wanting to maintain the Journal at the point of highest interest and value to persons identified with the lumbering and wood-working indus- tries. Mr. J. S. Robertson, who has been connected with THE LUMBERMAN in an editorial capacity for three years past, in the same manner will continue to serve the interests of its readers. Subscribers and readers are coidially invited to make use of the columns of THE CANADA LUMBERMAN for the purpose of expressing their opinions on any subject affecting the lumbering and wood-working interests. If even a comparatively limited number would act upon this ‘suggestion, the Journal would of necessity become increasingly inter- esting and instructive to every reader, I would appre- ciate also suggestions and criticisms of a friendly char- acter from subscribers ‘tending toward the improvement of the paper. A straightforward business policy will be pursued toward advertisers and subscribers which I trust will prove satisfactory to all with whom I and my agents may have to deal. Finally I would express the hope that under my management THE CANADA LUM- BERMAN will continue to improve and prosper. C. H. MorTIMER. THE TARIFF ON WOODS AND LOGS. THE reference by the Minister of Finance in his Budget speech to the lumber industry was less alarming than to some other branches of trade. A concession was made to Manitoba and the Northwest in placing manufactured Jumber, including rail ties, staves, shingles, pickets, etc., on the free list. The Minister said there was no one feature of the examination into the condition of things in that part of the country, which impressed itself so forcibly on his mind as the combine, which existed for the distribution and sale of lumber. Anxious to meet the protest, that has come from Manitoba against a high tariff, and the combines which it is supposed to encourage, this one method, at least, was adopted to break, what Mr. Foster characterized, as “a monopoly that bore heavily on the people in that country, where jumber is so essentially necessary in making barns and houses.” There is a codicil, however, to the concession which provides that if any country shall impose a duty upon the articles in the schedule enumerated or any of them when imported into such country from Canada it shall be lawful for the Governor in council, from time to time by proclamation published in the Canada Gazette to declare that an export duty shall be chargeable upon logs exported into such ccuntry from Canada. The articles enumerated are as follows: “Pine, douglas fir, fir balsam, cedar and hemlock logs not exceeding $3 per thousand feet board measure. In case of the export of any of the above enumerated logs in shorter lengths than pine feet, then a rate per cord may be levied in the same way, equivalent to the above enumerated rate per thousand feet, board measure. An export duty shall be chargable accordingly, after the publication of such pro- clamation : provided that the Governor-General in council may by proclamation publish in like manner, from time to time, remove and reimpose such export duties.” Another change made is the adding of wood pulp, mechanically ground and chemical wood pulp, bleached or unbleached, to the free list. This change is causing a good deal of concern in the Canadian wood pulp industry. A result of the step is to place Canadian manufacturers of wood pulp at a decided disadvantage Its full import, however, will depend some on the out- come of the Wilson tariff bill. In the meantime our wood pulp men may be expected to exercise all the influence they possess against the change. A MATTER OF SHINGLES. THE question is being asked: What is likely to be the effect of the introduction of red cedar shingles into this province upon the white pine shingle trade? The same question is causing concern in the Eastern States, because of the large influx there of red cedar shingles from Washington territory. On the principle that com- petition is the life of trade it may be that the push and energy shown by the red shingle men will prove a good thing for white pine shingle manufacturers. The red shingle men of British Columbia certainly deserve credit for the intensity and pluck they have thrown into their business. They have become boomsters, it has been alleged. But booming business is all right when an article will warrant what is claimed for it. This we must grant is the case with red cedar shingles. The time has gone by when we can look askance at the pro- duct of the Pacific coast and treat it as simply a nine days’ wonder. The red cedar shingle 1s a good shingle, and even if we discounted some of the wonderful stories that are told about its durability there is enough left in its favor to give it a foremost place among the shingles manufactured in the present day. We are not among those who see any cause for alarm because of the inroads of this new competitor. There is a great deal to be said for the white pine shingle The one thing is the white pine men have been keeping a too quiet, and have been letting the red men do all the talking and aggressive work. A result of the ‘present condition of the shingle trade is that white pine men are likely now to make known the reasons why white pine shingles should continue to be in popular favor. It has not been alleged of the red cedar shingles of British Columbia, so far as we have been able to learn, as a result of the boom, that manufacturers have become careless, and are making up a product that will not give lasting satisfaction. This charge is bemg made against some of the cedar shingles of Washington Territory. Without detracting in any way from the good things to be said of the red cedar shingle, the white pine man has a strong case. He may claim with some fairness the advantage of his shingle in a climate like Ontario, where we get extremes of heat and cold, and where freezing weather will at certain times of the year quickly succeed wet weather. Besides there is a difference in prices in white pine and cedar shingles that gives advan- tage to the former. By no means an unimportant element in the con- sideration of this question is the claim of even white pine shingle manufacturers themselves, that the time has come in our province when white pine can be more profitably cut into lumber than into shingles. - EDITORIAL NOTES. THE association idea does not take hold of Canadian lumbermen as it does of their congeners across the border. We have had occasion to remark this before and the re- ports of the various State lumber conventions that are coming before us at this time brings the matter anew to our notice. We know that not a few leading lumbermen ot the province would like to see an association of Cana- dian lumbermen, and perhaps the mention given of the matter here may start the ball rolling. IT may be claimed that the argument is orly local ; it is nevertheless true that the people residing in the towns and villages along the North Shore feel keenly the loss that comes to them because of the exporting of large quantities of logs from those territories, in place of hav- ing them manufactured in the mills, that dot that portion of the country, and which are now closed. This feature of the lumber question was forcibly brought before the public a week ago ina speech of Mr. Bennett, member in the Commons for East Simcoe, extract from which we publish in another column. WoRD reaches us through the report of the Dominion Geological Survey, that will cause surprise, we believe, to many lumbermen. Under authority of the Dominion government the Survey has recently accomplished an exploration of interior Labrador. The statement is made, as a result ot these explorations, that the climate in the interior of Labrador, where there are many large and sheltered valleys, is far milder than has been supposed. This vast district is thickly wooded with spruce, inter- spersed with poplar. There are many square miles of spruce timber, the growth being largely of trees which will square 18 inches. This will be of great interest to Canadian lumbermen. Railroads will need to penetrate the regions, either in the points from the province of Quebec or from Hudson Bay. AN encouraging element in connection with Canadian wood pulp is contained in the information that it is ob- taining a hold in England, in competition with Scandi- navian pulp. English paper manufacturers, it is said, are becoming interested, and realize that there is a vast field for their own capital in the extensive forests of spruce in Canada. The Paper Mill says: “ It is among the possibilities that a great deal of English money will be put to use in developing the pulp industry in this country, in the near future. Englishmen are restiye under the comparative monopoly which the Scandinavi- ans and Germans have had in pulp, and the business of selling American pulp in England which has grown up during the past few months has suggested a way of breaking up. While they would not care to become customers for America, they will probably take kindly ‘0 the idea of making their own pulp in a British Pro- vince,” — ee . , - ioe as hae difficulty of clearly estimating the possible cut 4 that may come froma forest of standing timber has been a subject of frequent comment among lumber- men. It is true that woodmen have developed the faculty of calculation in this respect in a very high degree, but their work can hardly yet take a position among the exact sciences. In illustration of this fact cases are constantly coming before us showing how wide of the mark the cleverest experts will sometimes be. In connection with the several lumber sales that have taken place in our own province within the past year or two, we have known timber-lookers to have gone forth to spy out the land, and reported certain limits to be worth certain figures. Others, believed to be equally shrewd and knowing, have gone over the same ground and fixed up a widely different estimate of the supposed quantity of standing timber. Added to these instances, I learned a little time ago of a Michi- gan case that goes to confirm all that has been said of the uncertainty of these estimates. Louis Sands, of that state, hought last summer a pieee of pine land, ‘supposed to contain on an estimate 13,000,000 feet, for which he paid $74,000. It is now conceded that this track will cut 16,000,000 feet, and yet others who looked over the ground with a view to purchasing could not find over 6,000,000, much less 13,000,000 feet. Those who are disposed to laugh at the frequent estimates that we get of the quantity of standing timber in the leading pine provinces and states can point with a good deal of force to such instances as I have here cited, and query, What do you know about it? * * * *& When in the north country a few days ago I learned that Howry & Sons, the large Michigan lumbermen, who are carrying on extensive operations in the Georgian Bay territory, had purchased the old S. G. Smith mill, at Fen- elon Falls, and will cut their logs, atleasta part of them, on the Canadian side thissummer. This mill has been idle for six or seven years. It will be good news to the people of the north to learn that the Howrys are to become Canadian operators. Talking of Howry & Sons oper- ations in the woods this winter my informant remarked that these had been conducted on a wide scale. There is lots of “go” in this concern, said he, and whilst the figure they paid for their limits was a large one, they are evidently intent in getting all they can out of them. * * & A few days ago I dropped into the office of Mr. F. N. Tennant, and in answer to the enquiry, how were red cedar shingles moving? was told that, though early in the season, he had placed a large quantity of them in the province, especially in Western Ontario. It is Mr. Tennant’s opinion that the red cedar shingles are affect- ing the sale of the better quality of white pine shingles. For the lower grades of white pine shingles there is a gooddemand. Whilst there is no remarkable rush of ‘business in lumber generally throughout the province, Mr. Tennant’s experience is that there is a very satis- factory revival of trade. Last month proved with him one of the largest months of business for a considerable period, and the first week of April has opened up very auspiciously. It is remarkable, said Mr. Tennant, how well prices for lumber are keeping up. They do not range just as high as this time last year, but there was then a special boom on; the disposition now is to hold quite firm to good figures. Trade in the city is alto- gether slow. In fact, there is no building going on this summer worth speaking of. * * * * Few names are better known in lumber circles in the Dominion, and especially in the east, than that of Kennedy F. Burns, of the maritime provinces. Readers of the LUMBERMAN will remember that nearly three years ago a portrait with character sketch of Mr. Burns, was published in these columns. He was then representative in the House of Commons for a leading constituency down by the sea. Within the past year his name has been quite prominently mentioned in connection with the Lieutenant-Governorship of New Brunswick. He is a big enough man for any of these places, and does justice to any work that he undertakes. Lately Mr. Burns spent some time in England in the interest of his large lumber operations, and has been successful in selling the whole of his winter’s cut at 75 cents a thousand over last year’s rate. The future of lumber in the maritime provinces is, in his judgment, better than it has been for years. Deals will be worth $9 a thousand in St. John in the coming summer, and may even go higher than this. Mr. Burns says the lumber cut of Restigotche, Gloucester and Northumber- land counties, as well as other counties in the province, has not been nearly so large as last year, and this re- duction in stocks will effect prices favorably. ED Ke. Sn Particularly with Michigan lumbermen the business relationship between them and many operators in our own country is so close, that I am constantly on the look-out for any item of news that can be picked up re- garding the plans and intentions of our lumber friends in Michigan. Remarking on this point, I am reminded of a comment made by Mr. Bray, of the Parkin Lumber Co., of whom I have something to say elsewhere. We were talking about the changes in methods of logging in the present day contrasted with those of ten and fifteen years ago, when Mr. Bray was active in the woods. He spoke of the magnificent scale on which some of the Michigan lumbermen conducted operations. “Take Howry & Sons,” said he, “they are thorough going Americans, and they do things up fine in the woods. Lots of money is spent in the making of fine roads, the elaborating of shanty methods, etc.” But to matters concerning lumber in Michigan, Mr. A. Comstock, an extensive and wealthy lumberman of Alpena, has been predicting a large shortage in the annual lumber crop this year that will be occasioned by the sudden thaw which set in in the open woods early in March. “It came to us all in a minute,” said he, “and we were per- fectly helpless. There had been snow enough for our operations previously, but within a few hours after the thaw set in everything was slush and we were tied up so that we could not move a log. It will cause a shortage of at least 100,000,000 feet in the lower and about 150,- 000,000 feet in the upper peninsula. In the districts which are immediately tributary to Michigan, including Wisconsin and the Canadian border, the shortage in the lumber crop will foot up at least 500,000,000.” All this means a largely reduced output of lumber in Michigan this year. Canada will be drawn on for a good supply of logs. Mr. Otis Shepard, president of the Shepard & Morse Lumber Co., of Ottawa and Boston, and vice- president of the Saginaw Lumber and Salt Co., has said of trade in Canada that he found prices in both grades and mill run firm and that the prospects for a good trade in the East looked bright. * * * * Mr. Thomas Meaney, manager for Robt. Thompson & Co., who have also an office at Hamilton, does not anticipate any large amount of building in either cities this summer. “In fact,” he says, “there is hardly any- thing projected as yet. Throughout the province, how- ever, there is a fair measure of activity and a good deal of lumber going out.” He tells me what others in the trade remark, that prices are holding up well. This applies more particularly to dressing grades and below. The United States market is equally dull for the higher class of lumber. The drawback there is the uncertainty regarding the fate of the Wilson bill. It certainly drags its way slowly along and Mr. Meaney tells me that nota few United States lumbermen are under the impression that at the last it will be defeated. This, he, of course, would consider an injury to the Canadian lumber trade. Talking particularly of building operations in Toronto, said Mr. Meaney, “this city will never again see an- other building boom.” I remarked that this was a strong statement, the word never was a very long one. “Tt is so, however,” he repeated, “the supply men and the labor men have been successful in securing legisla- tion from the Ontario government that will prevent men from entering into that reckless class of speculative building that gave, at the time, so much life to the building boom here, and that proved, as well, perhaps, the strongest feature in bursting that boom. Any man who could handle a saw and hammer and who might be worth his $1.50 or $2.00 a day, went extensively into building. These men possessed no capital, but the boom was on and the loan societies were prepared to advance them large sums of money. Only one result could follow from the extravagance of these business methods and the lumbermen and other supply men came in for the heaviest losses. The working men by virtue of their lien law had some protection. The loan society gave these light-weight contractors the money and they seldom paid the supply men, if they could manage otherwise. Under the new act of Mr. Mowat the workmen and the supply men will have a primary claim on the building and the loan societies are expect- ed to satisfy themselves when they advance money that these claims have been met, if not, they will have the pleasure of doubling up on their payments by paying over again. ” * * - * Spending a few hours in the progressive town of Lind- say, afew days ago, I took the opportunity to visit the mills of the Parkin Lumber Co. who are extensive manu- facturers of shingles. They give their entire effort, in fact, to the manufacture of shingles. The business was originally conducted by S. G. Parkin & Sons, and within the past year has taken the shape of a limited liability company. The Parkins, outside of being shareholders, are not actively engaged in lumbering, being contractors for the supplying of electric power to the town of Lindsay. Mr. A. C. Dutton, of Springfield, Mass., is president of the company, and Mr. James Bray, sec-treasurer, and active business manager. The millisa new one and very perfectly equipped, a description of it appearing in these columns some months ago. I had the pleasure of chatting with Mr. Bray about lumber affairs. He is a man who knows lumbering from A to Z, there not being a department of the business, perhaps, he has not at one time or another engaged in. “ Fora long time,” he said, “IT spent every winter in the woods, and know, I guess, as much about logging as the next man, and of its pleasantries, as well as vicissitudes. For some time I was shanty clerk and obtained experience in a business way in that position. Speaking of the drives, as the time comes near for that work, I have done my share of that thing. To-day my friends have installed me as manager of this business, which is one of no small size. We started the mill funning on the 2nd of April and will con- tinue it to its fullest capacity until the end of the season. I anticipate a good summer’s trade.” Responding to my enquiry whether the introduction of the red cedar shingles of British Columbia would interfere with the trade of white pine shingles in Ontario, Mr. Bray said : “JT do not fear competition from this source. We manufacture less or more cedar shingles here, and at present the millis working on this class of goods from cedar obtained from the swamps in this locality. I do not disparage the red cedar shingle. It’s a splendid shingle and I only wish we had their wood here, but | anticipate, in any case, they must always be handicapped by the high rates of freights.” I asked Mr. Bray, if he thought there was anything in the contention of white pine men, that it would pay better to work up the best logs into lumber rather than shingles. He said: “We do not consider any white pine too good for shingles, and manufacture ours out of the very best pine we can procure. The old way was to use only the culls for shingles, but this was a great mistake.” Coming back again to the question of drives, Mr. Bray, looking out of his office window, giving ear to the whistling and howl- ing of the wind, for I tell you when the wind does blow, there is lots of scope for it in that north country, he said, ‘1 do not like the looks of the weather. A fortnight ago I despatched a company of men to get started with the drives and things looked favorable, but just now the weather is against us. However, I do not anticipate any serious delay. So far as this section of the country is concerned, I think the drives are going to come along all right. So soon as the ice breaks up we will have abundance of water.” 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1894 OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] < event of the month has, of course, been the opening of Parliament and the introduction of the Government’s revision of the tariff, the discussion of which now waxes warm. So far as lumber is concerned the particular interest most agi- tated is the wood pulp industry. It has been felt ever since the introduction of the McKinley Bill that this branch of the lumber trade was unfairly dealt with. From the Canadian point of view there has not been any intelligent explanation of why spruce should have not held just as favorable a position in the regula- tions as white pine. The opinion of Mr. Eddy has already been. given in the LUMBERMAN columns, that pulp wood will yet prove itself to be a greater industry for Canada than white pine. Protests from the manufacturers of wood pulp at the Merriton mills, at the Cornwall mills and at the New Bruns- wick mills have been entered against wood pulp being placed on the free list. Hon, W, B. Ives, on the other hand, who is himself in the business in the Eastern townships, seems to think that the duty will not interfere with the Canadian mills. White pine men are interested in waiting to ascertain what may be the outcome of the Wilson tariff. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS, A deputation composed of Mayor Thompson and Councillor McCort, of Thessalon, Messrs. Burton Bros. and Major Elliot, have been here asking to have the navigation of that part of Algoma improved. Probably not less than 400 shantymen have already arrived in the city to locate here for the summer months. The present season is spoken of as one of the worst on record in the Ottawa Valley for taking out logs. All through the winter the roads have been far from good, there is fully two feet of water across some of the larger lakes where the traffic is cut off. Shanty- men are praying for a cold snap to help them in winding up their season’s business. The season has been an unfavorable one for the taking out of large timber. There seems to be little doubt that the amount of logs that will come down from the shanties this year will be less than that of 1893. In the case of Boyd & Co. vs. Smith, judgment has been given in the Exchequer Court. Boyd & Co. are well-known lumbermen, of Bobcaygeon, and Smith, who has charge of booms on the Fenelon river, seized their logs for toll. Boyd & CoX took an action against Smith, meantime depositing $2,245 in the court for dues. The court has now given judg- ment in favor of Boyd for $300, and if action is not taken within thirty days by the Government, then the $2,245 will be returned to the firm. Orrawa, Can., March 29, 1894. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanapDA LUMBERMAN.] STATEMENT that has recently been published showing the wide export field covered by Washington lumber is being quoted by the local journals here as an object lesson to B. C. lumbermen to throw fresh life into their business methods. It is quite true that the depression in the markets of South America and Australia have cut off supplies for export in Washington, as well as here, yet the figures show that our neighbors shipped during 1893 80,621,926 feet lumber and 6,926,325 lath. The destination of these shipments took in Chilli, Germany, China, Belgium, Japan, Mexico, England, France and other points. But our people will get there, no doubt, for the lumbermen of this province are keen and energetic business men, COAST CHIPS. At the annual meeting of the New Westminster Board of Trade, two lumbermen were elected to official positions, namely, John Wilson, of Brunette Saw Mill Co., president, and J. G. Scott, of the Pacific Coast Lumber Co., to the council of the board. The Moodyville Saw Mill Co. have lately cut one cargo for export and are expecting two or three more vessels. Mr. D. S. Savage, secretrary and treasurer of the Ontario and Western Lumber Co., Rat Portage, paid this province a visit lately. The Moodyville Saw Mill Co. purposes building a light line of rail three miles in length, in order to extend their log- ging at Grief Point, Malospina Strait. A final judgment has been given in the case of Scott vs. B. C. M. T. and T. Co. Scott lost.a leg by an accident in the Hastings Mill, Vancouver, and the jury awarded him $2,500 damages ; the judgment now given reverses this. Elisha Robinson for several years mill foreman of the Brunette Saw MIll Co.-died a few days ago after undergoing an operation for a dangerous abcess in hig neck. Deceased was 33 years of age and came from Stormont, Ont., to the province twelve years ago. The position of the Shawnigan Lake Lumber Co, has been altered by the retirement of Ewen Morrison ; the partners now are William Munsie and T. Elford. The Chilian bark India is expected at Vancouver from Val- paraiso before long to load a return cargo. Though our shingle men are showing a good deal of energy in pushing business, it is not supposed that the cut this year will be very large. There is considerable of last year’s cut still on hand. New WesrMinstTER, B. C., March 28, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanapA LUMBERMAN]. jee es of spring work among the mills of the province are commencing to show themselves. The rivers are fast being cleared of ice and it is thought that the season altogether, will be a favorable one for the drives. Lumbermen are encouraged by a tendency to firmer prices in the British market, especially for spruce and white pine. The fate of the Wilson tariff bill continues to effect trade in different lines. Were the duty on lime lowered it would help the sale of cordwood and tend to increase prices some at the main ports. a The provincial government are pleased with the result so far of their new 21-year lease system. The returns are beyond their expectation. It is a case, however, as was feared at the time where the larger operators are controlling the business chiefly. The first cargo of deals for the season arrived a few days ago from Advocate Harbor, N. S. A new mill will be built this spring at Campbelltown by the Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., of Toronto. It will be re- membered that they acquired considerable limits at the govern- ment sale a year ago. Receipts from stumpage on crown lands in the province last year were $105,740, the cut being smaller, the receipts for current year will be lighter. W. H. & J. Rourke, of St. Martin’s, will have their new mill running early this spring. The cut in the vicinity of St. Martin’s this year has run about 6,000,000, half of it being cut by the Messrs. Rourke. The Jewett mill site above Fredericton, on the St. John river has been purchased by Donald Fraser, of River de Chute. He will erect a lath, shingle and board mill and at the same time continue to operate his mill at River de Chute. ST. JOHN, N.B., March 25, 1893. MICHIGAN LETTER, {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN. ] Ts statistics of the lumber trade of this state for 1893, which show quite a decrease in business compared with previous years, are enforcing the repeated contention of lumber- men that this once banner state for white pine is fast losing its strength. It is granted that in the southern portion of the lower peninsula the pine is well consumed, and what woods are left consist chiefly of hemlocks and hardwoods. In the Saginaw district our mills for some time have been looking to Canada and other points for their supplies. On the Lake Huron shore stocks are exceedingly light, and large supplies are brought to this point from Canada. The lumber cut of 1893 was in round numbers 647,000,000 feet less than the out- put for 1892. The following table makes comparison of the lumber and shingle stocks on hand in this state at the close of the years named. LUMBER AND SHINGLES MANUFACTURED. Lumber (feet). Shingles. MBBS she vias ister Ue ee 3,578,138,732 . .. 2,574,675,900 TOGO) rcmiuentsinae Verde 3:984,127,175 2,988,124,232 dh DAR Oc ee OHA 4,162,317,778 2,677,858,750 NESS ote nana etocs aie eee 4,292, 189,014 2,846,201,000 “EC ene Oe oein an on 4,207,741,224 2,602,930,250 blo PREM iy Suis 8 4,085,767,849 2,469,878,750 LOOT ais.ate Deion ateatates 35599,531,668 1,826,174,250 palo) CMR: Aer 33794,256,754 2,140,647,875 TBOSs ss se ees eee 35147,996,147 1,832,027,550 COMPARISON OF STOCKS ON HAND. Lumber (feet). Shingles. 1885 1,252,942,251 211,229,500 1,354,101 ,834 283,838,000 1,428,224,132 195,218,000 1,463,226,000 -+1,447,503,997 + 1,436,878,279 . -1,218,683,167 ++ 857,057,403 . .1,246,369,150 335,952,256 372,807,250 376,875,750 199,2 11,250 186,220,000 351,749,100 PRESENT PROSPECTS OF TRADE. There is a good deal of difference of opinion as to the pros- pects of the opening season’s trade. One prominent local lumberman has said that we are not going to be relieved from the present depression for some time to come, and he looks for nothing but hand-to-mouth trade for the spring and summer, and further states that his correspondence with various sections of the country, leads him to believe that the retail yards are running with very light stocks, and that the wholesale yards are not largely stocked up. In their anxiety to make sales, many dealers are reported to be cutting lumber lower than it can be-purchased for. Opposing this view, there are others who look quite hopefully to a good trade during the present season, BITS OF LUMBER. Isaac Bearinger, Saginaw’s millionaire lumberman, a large holder of Canada timber limits, has recently built a magnificent $200,000 fire-proof building, which will be one of the com- mercial attractions of the place. The saw mill industry of Alpena, has started the season’s work in the running of the lumber mill of Mr. Albert Pack, a The mill will be operated until the logs now in the mill boom are manufac- tured, besides ten and twenty train loads of logs that are to be brought by the Alpena and Northern railway road from pineries of Mr. Pack in Presque Isle county. This will take about three weeks, then the mill will stop until the regular sawing season commences. well-known name in Canadian lumber circles. An instance of how ‘he depletion of the pineries of this state has affected certain towns is shown in the case of Mus- kegon, once familiarly called ‘‘The Lumber Queen of the Karth,” which will have nine saw mills in operation this summer, which are expected to cut 200,000,000 feet. When in the height of its glory this lumber town had 41 mills. The Lansing Lumber Co. will rebuild its mills recently destroyed by fire. The insurance amounted to $89,000. Prof. W. J. Beal, professor of Botany in the Michigan State Agricultural College, in a lengthy article to the press on the forest trees of Michigan, says there are 80 species of forest trees native to the state, which attain a foot or more in diameter. The box factory that is being erected by Ross, Bradley & Co. will be ready for running early in April. This firm began business in 1881 unloading that year 4,000,000 feet of lumber, a figure that has now grown to over 40,000,000 feet annually. An impression prevails here that Tawas will be one of the points in the state where lumbering operations this year will be carried on on a light scale. The Holland and Emery Lum- ber Co., really the life of the place, will, it is said, sell all the logs they can. This firm expected totake out about 70,000,000 feet in Canada, of which, already, they have sold 40,000,000 feet. If a satisfactory figure can be had for the remaining 30,000,000 feet they will be sold and the mills likely remain idle. John B. Brown, of this place, has obtained a verdict in the United States Courts against Thos. H. McGraw and KS Hawley, of New York, for $43,922. The case arose out of a pine log deal. SAGINAW, Mich., March 27, 1894. ee WHEN ACCIDENTS OCCUR. lac wounds.—Wash with clean cold water. Apply lint soaked in water, and bind with a clean cotton bandage. Bruised eye.—Bind on a linen pad soaked in brandy. To remove dirt, use point of led pencil. Sunstroke.—Apply ice or ice-water to the head, and keep in a cool place. Apoplexy.—Raise the head and body. Bare the head and neck, and promote circulation of fresh air. Bruises.—Apply ice, or bathe part with ice-water. Fainting.—Keep head low. Bare the neck ; dash cold water on the face, head and neck. Promote circulation of fresh air. : Burns.—For severe burns, apply cotton wool soaked in linseed oil. Bleeding.—If the blood spurts, an artery is severed. Bind the limb tightly above the wound with a handker- chief or scarf, twisting it witha stick. Ifthe blood does not spurt, a vein is divided. Bind the limb tightly below wound ; raise the wounded limb above level of body, and press near the wound with thumb. Apply clean bandage to stop flow of blood, and take patient to the surgeon. A THREE CENT STAMP DOES IT. ON receipt of a three cent stamp we will mail free to any address a copy of our little hand-book entitled “Rules and Regulations for the inspection of pine and hardwood lumber,” as adopted by the lumber section and sanctioned by the Council of the Board of Trade, of Toronto, June 16, 1890. Address, CANADA LUMBER- MAN, Toronto, Ont. APRIL, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 THE NEWS. CANADA. _—Gillies Bros. have commenced driving on Lone Creek, Ont. —Neibergall’s and Buchanan’s mills at Staples, Ont., have started work for the season. aa —C. A. McCool & Co’s. saw mill at Mattawa, Ont., is ex- pected to be running shortly. pe —The Pembroke Lumber Co., has a large drive of logs on - the South branch of the Petawawa. ie. —Chas. Battrick, of Midland, Ont., will build and operate a ___ shingle mill at Bying Inlet this season. my). F —A Waterous portable saw mill has been set to work on the claim of John C. Fraser, near Edmonton, Alta. —Many million feet of logs, it is thought, will be ‘‘ hung up ” this year owing to the early break up of winter. —The Brunette Saw Mill Co., of Vancouver, B. C., have sold four cargoes of lumber and are endeavoring to charter ships to load. —G. Kastner, of Wiarton, Ont., is pushing work on his new saw mill. He has a large supply of logs at Oxenden and - Colpoys. —The firm of Lamoureux Bros., sawmill, Edmonton, Alberta, has been changed to Chave & Co. The new company have begun sawing. —The Campbellford Herald says there may not be a drive of logs floated in the river Trent this year, except what may be necessary for the mills in Campbellford. —Atkinson, Rufus & Co., lumber, etc., Estevan and Ala- meda, have moved to Hartney, and anew partnership is being formed ; A. J. and J. H. Hughes being admitted partners. ol _ —A local correspondent writes of the saw mill of Chas. Birge, and the planing mill and sash and door factory of Leitch & Mc- Kinney, at Hornings’ Falls, Ont., as doing a good business. —Gilmour & Co., of Trenton, Ont., have already expended over $200,000 in preparing water courses, and other needed operations, along the route from their new limits to the southern lakes. —The Shawnigan Lake Lumber Co., (Limited), succeeds the unincorporated company of that name. Their yards are at Victoria and at Wellington, B.C. Wm. Munsie, T. Elford, John W. Coburn, Andrew Haslemand Lewis Mounts are the directors, and the saw mills of the company, whose capital stock is $160, - 000, are at Shawnigan lakes. —A demand of assignment has been made upon William W. Gibsone, trading under the style of W. Gibsone & Co., lum- ber merchants, Quebec. Gibsone started business in November, 1891, having obtained a contract from Dobell & Co., to cut lumber on their limits. His capital was small, and he has had > hard work to get along. Liabilities not stated. : —Theshingle mill industry of British Columbia is represented by the following range of mills : Daily Capacity = H. H. Spicer & Co. Vancouver........... ‘ 00,000 W. L. Tait & Co., Vancouver........... arelans B. C. Mills, Timber & Trading Co., Vancou 70,000 - Hastings Shingle Mill Co., Vancouver........ 70,000 MIDS 256s) Cae 72,000 Miia eeereiatmGky VANCOUVED..... 2.0... eee eee eset nine ++. 50,000 UN 22 Gass 'a aso a cc 50,000 — UMP ACOUV CK cals ee eee te teeta es cee ce ereas 50,000 PP NIMPPIIDEXI COs 2 cece cess cca d cps cvccececccenvecs 50,000 ie bmmestam ee COs, VANCOUVEr. 0.0.0.0... sce es cece ne ecees 70,000 . Brinette Mulls, New Westminster,.................ececeeenees 85,000 q BeBe SOM VANCOUVER... 6... see cette case venue ence 50,000 - Pacific Coast Lumber Co., New Westminster................... 150,000 B. C. Millls, Timber and Trading Co, New Westminster........ 105,000 ie Heevelstoke umber Co., Revelstoke. .......... 6. e eee cee ee 35,000 * aE EMSA ie ciolele oie vices sace tunes Teddies eae ane 35,000 SITUA TIOO CASIO. ws oon oasis via cio\e sin diva sa vias cueceveneas te 35,000 Rewueiros Chillewack..................00000 IIS 35,000 oo NMI cslcisieicc ssc ct ealeleces ceemecsesechendoens 1,380,000 ‘The total dry kiln capacity is 895,000 per day. H. H. - Spicer & Co., of Vancouver, operate the only ten block machine in the province, the other mills using double block, hand machines or upright ‘‘ Boss ” machines. ____-—The story comes from Carleton Place, Ont., of a curious __ phenomenon observed on the Chalk River limit of the Gillies Bros. Co. A gang of men, who were engaged cutting logs, _ noticed smoke as from a small fire rising up over the opposite Fy side of a ridge from where they were at work, and it being near noon they thought it must be from a fire started by some of their , - companions, as it is customary for the men to take their lunch to the woods with them in the morning and sometimes to start -afire to warmit. So they concluded to go over the ridge at noon time and thus save themselves the trouble of making a fire. Imagine their surprise, on reaching the top of the crest, and looking down on the opposite side to see that the fire was in the tops of two green pine trees, and not on the ground or ‘started as they had supposed. On investigation it was found _ that the trees were leaning one towards the other, so that near the tops they crossed, and bore heavily against each other. The swaying motion caused by the wind had chafed them so that there was a dry, hard spot on each, where the gum had been oozing out. This day, through the extra length of time the gale had continued, the heavy pressure caused by the friction of the trees rubbing together had evidently caused them to ignite. The trees were cut down and made into logs. GENERAL. —The plant of the Memphis Lumber Co., Memphis, Tenn, was burned a fortnight ago. Loss $100,000 ; partly insured. —The Canadian Pacific, Great Northern, Northern Pacific and Union Pacific are all prepared to haul shingles and lumber from Washington territory on same basis. —Both of the big saw mills in Tacoma, Wash., are shut down, and the general outlook is blue. The dullness is attributed to the bad conditions that prevail outside the coast. —London, Eng. , imported 12,840,682 feet of mahogany lumber last year, chiefly from the Central American states. The supply of this valuable wood, which once grew in great abundance in Cuba, and the finest color of any in the world, is said to be nearly exhausted. FIRES AND CASUALTIES. FIRES. —Jesse Cook’s saw mill and planing mill at Zephyr, Ont., was destroyed by fire on 30th ult. Loss $10,000 ; no insur- ance. —Two men, Larry Murphy, and Eli Kimberby, engaged at lumbering at Straight Lake, Ont., were killed a week ago in a C. P. R. accident. PERSONAL. The president of a lumber company in the Southern States is a woman. Mr, John Charlton, M. P., was a recent visitor to the Sagi- naw River cities in the interests of his lumber business. . Lord Rosebery, Great Britain’s new Premier, adds lumber- ing to his many other avocations. He is a large stockholder in the Southern States Land and Timber Company, an English corporation that has several large mills in Florida and its general offices in Pensalola. THROTTLING vs. AUTOMATIC CUT-OFF ENGINES. PON this question the American Machinist in a recent issue says: There can be but little doubt, we think, that in some instances the throttling engine, with fixed cut-off, will equal in all respects, the automatic cut-off, and we believe it is possible to conceive of an engine being operated under such conditions that the former would show slight superiority. But in the great majority of purposes for which steam engines are employed it seems that the reverse must be true. The great point of superiority of the automatic cut-off principle comes from the fact that most steam engines are subjected to variable loads, and quite generally some fluctuation in steam pressure. If this was not so then a properly designed throttling engine would be unobjectionable. For, of course, there is a point of cut- off for any engine tflat is the most economical, and a cut-off can be fixed for that point that shall, at least, be as good in all respects as that under the control of the governor. But because there is such a point of cut-off it does not follow that it is best to fix it,.and reduce-the pressure as by throttling for lesser loads. This econo- mical point of cut-off varies with the steam pressure, and the automatic cut-off governor so varies it, which is right in principle. That is, if a cut-off at one-quarter stroke is the best for a given pressure, if the pressure is somewhat higher than that, it is better to take advantage of that high pressure by cutting off earlier than to reduce the pressure by throttling or otherwise. This is very near, but probably a universal fact. For example, with the point of cut-off correct for a given pressure it is pos- sible—we think probable—that a little, not much, throt- tling may be better than a change to earlier cut-off. And in case of very materially higher pressure consider- able throttling may be advisable. This would depend upon the quality of steam, and upon other circumstances, perhaps ; at any rate it is to be shown that there is enough in it to afford a margin for the economical use of the throttling governor, except in selected instances. The reaction in favor of throttling is not likely to be violent, but it is interesting. Engineers who set out to-day to improve the throttling engine have to aid them a good deal of general information that was not on hand at the time the automatic cut off engine made its appear- ance. Should serious effort be made to bring the throt- tling engine into competition with the automatic cut-off the attempt will be on quite different grounds from what it would have been made on twenty years ago, and it would not be safe to predict the outcome. It is possible only to fall back on the argument—which does not amount to much—that it cannot be seen how the effort can be successful, and await results. CANADIAN SPRUCE FOR MAINE. R. EDWARD JACK, of Fredericton, N. B., sees an easy way for the manufacturers of Maine to secure easy access to the vast forests on the upper St. John, in Quebec, transporting the output to Boston with little or no trouble. His outline of the plan is like this : “From a point about three miles above the Grand Falls of the Saint John to the mouth of the Saint Fran- cis river, the former river is the boundary between the United States and the Dominion of Canada. Where it reaches the Saint Francis it follows that river fora number of miles, then striking off in a northwesterly direction, and crossing many tributaries of the Saint John which have their sources in the Province of Que- bec. The Saint John river is thus, for eighty miles, the boundary between the two countries. Two railways skirt the river—the Canadian Pacific from Grand Falls to Edmundston and the Temiscouata railway from Ed- mundston to Connor’s Station—the latter distance being 32 miles ; at Connor’s Station and from that place to the Saint Francis the strong, deep current of the Saint John has become still, and the river widens out, so that between the Saint Francis river, which empties into the Saint John about four miles above Connor’s Station and that station, hundreds of millions of feet, board measure, of saw logs can be held at all seasons in the most perfect safety. From Connor's Station across the Saint John to the State of Maine the distance will be but about fifty or sixty rods ; consequently, the Canadian - spruce logs can be held in the river here to be made into pulp or even sawn into deals, whence they can be transported to River du Loup, on the St. Lawrence river, a distance of 113 miles. The cost of the transfer of pulp from Connor’s Station to Boston 1s 17 cents per hundred. 118 miles from Connor’s Station will place the Spruce product of the Upper Saint John on the wharf at River du Loup, the whole distance being by rail, and at this wharf vessels from Europe can load and discharge. Thus the vast forests on the Upper St. John, in Quebec, can be utilized in such a manner as to give manufacturers of pulp in Maine, within fifty or sixty rods of Connor’s station, the output can go in bond to Boston via the Temiscouata or Intercolonial or other roads, or it can be carried by barge up the St. Law- rence either to New York or to the cities on the lakes. Thus the duty will be saved. There are many millions of acres of spruce land on the Saint John above Connor's Station, and at and above that station is the only place above the Grand Falls where logs can be held to any extent in the upper Saint John.” ALL ABOUT SAW MILLS. A young miss in the schools of a saw mill town in Michigan has evidently investigated the saw mill busi- ness thoroughly and read the following essay on the subject recently, which we republish for the benefit of our readers who may not have had practical experience : “Saw mills is very useful. If it was not tor saw mills we wouldn’t have no sawdust for to stuff our dolls. If I was a doll I would rather Die than to be stuffed with straw. Straw is very ticklesome when you haint got anything Else on your Inside. I know a good deal more about saw mills but my paper is all gone.” Letters from our readers are always welcome. “That’s a venerable joke,” sighed the sawyer as he listened to the “ chestnut” of the road man. WoopMaAN, chopthat tree! Chop root, trunk, branch and bough! In youth its twigs switched me, and I'll get even now ! na THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, April, 10, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. GENERAL spring activity is observable in lumber business at all points. The men, have, in most cases come out of the woods and preparations are being made for the drives. Just how successfully these will come along is a matter of some uncertainty at the present time. From reports received from the Ottawa section, it is anticipated that there will be consider- able logs hung up this season. The weather broke up suddenly, and left loggers at some points in an awkward predicament. The quantity cut in Ottawa will run, pro- bably, 20 to 25% less than last year’s cut. In the Georgian Bay territory, whilst some individual lumber- men have put in as large a cut as last year, yet, taken altogether, there has not been the same activity, and there will be a decrease in the quantity at those points. In another page of the LUMBERMAN we have noted the fact that Howry & Sons, large Michigan lumbermen, will operate the S. G. Smith saw mill at Fenelon Falls this season, which means that lumber will be cut there that would otherwise have gone to this firm’s mills in Michigan. The decrease in the cut here is finding a counterpart in Michigan, Winconsin, and other states, the financial depression of the past year being suggestive of caution. ‘ This decrease in the output of logs from the bush, will not have any effect on the market, for a large quantity of lumber has been held in the United States owing to the depression and consequent decrease of consumption. It is hardly to be expected prices will be maintained at the same figures as last year. As regards the local trade of Ontario we are hearing favorable reports from the rural sections. There is no startling boom, but dealers have figured so closely for months back, that with anything like a revival in trade they will find it necessary to stock up their yards, and there will be a fine trade done throughout the province this spring andsummer. So far as Toronto is concerned building operations will be slow and lumber, will, of course, be in sympathy with this dullness. British Columbia lumbermen are anticipating a fair season’s trade. In that province, both in shingles and lumber, the trade has had to fight a war of price-cutting for sometime. This spirit worked havoc with the shingle trade, but a combination was formed a month or more ago, which has placed that branch of lumbering in an improved position and our advices are that the combin- ation is holding firm. The local lumber mills have come together and are in hopes of thwarting the cut-throat policy pursued for some time. No combination has been formed but a new scale of prices has been fixed, which we understand has been agreed upon by all. An important feature of the new arrangement is, that all persons purchasing lumber will be required to furnish security for the payment of their bills. This arrange- ment will have the effect of putting the contractors on a better basis, for it will prevent unscrupulous men from taking contracts at ruinously low rates, which in the main has cost the mills heavy losses. The export trade of British Columbia is not showing any very surprising signs of improvement, freights are lower than they have ever been before, but foreign buyers are few. A revival of business in South America, China, New South Wales and Australia is much needed to help the export trade. A considerable portion of last year’s cut of shingles still remain on hand and it is not thought that there will be a very large shingle trade done this year. The opinion has been expressed by Mr. Kennedy, the well-known New Brunswick lumberman, that trade in the lower provinces will be better this year, owing to an expected improvement of lumber business in the United Kingdom. UNITED STATES. Were it to be a case of making comparisons between conditions of the lumber market on the opening of spring trade this year with conditions of a year ago the contrast would be very marked. Buyers were then thick as the proverbial] mosquito in the summer months and sellers could be as saucy as they liked without fear of losing sales or not securing their price. Nothing of this kind exists to-day. From all leading lumber centres comes the report of extreme carefulness and caution. What we say under the heading of Saginaw presents as dull a feature of the market as is found any- where at Tonamanda and Buffalo there is a little less apthy with lumbermen, but stillno activity. Not at any point is there a strong desire to do any large buying. Dealers are buying as they want stock, but do not care to stock up and carry any volume. All along, prices have held up as would hardly have been expected throughout a continuous dull period, but the impression grows that this pertinacity will not continue and that prices will break. No doubt, it is in anticipation of a movement of this kind that many buyers are holding off at the present time. ever may be their politics, to attribute a large share of the dullness to the tariff bill.) Two months ago it was taken for granted that the Wilson bill would have be- come law almost right away and whether that would have meant free lumber as it looked then or something else the matter would have been definite. But political complications now makes the outlook very uncertain and polititcians apparently would talk the question all summer, though this conduct might send business to the dogs. FOREIGN. Signs are not wanting that the lumber trade of Great Britain will show a marked improvement this summer. The feeling in this direction is stronger than it has been for some time. Certainly the period of depression has been a very continued one and commerce, generally, is still far from active, but if no untoward condition arise in the shape of a strike or something of that character, it is thought a good deal of lumber will be distributed during the next few months. This is the view that is entertained by our Canadian lumbermen, who have large dealings in the United Kingdom. Quite encouraging news comes from South America and it is believed that from the Ottawa section and also from British Columbia a large volume of lumber will go out to South America the present season. So deep has been the commercial depression that has overshadowed Australia for the past thiee years that it is hardly safe to predict too much of a revival, but it is believed that things have taken a turn and this important field of export will commence to call for a good share of lumber from Canada. HARDWOODS. Local hardwood men with whom we have talked do not express any reason for complaint with the business that they are doing. Nearly all find a good market for whatever output they are able to complete. Taking the broader field, there are some signs in connection with the export of hardwood lumber that call for caution. We are told that in foreign markets, Germany for ex- ample, that altogether too heavy consignments of hard- woods have gone forward lately, and this fact is causing some suspicion in the minds of foreign lumbermen. The report is given of a Germany firm that it is said has 10,000 walnut logs on hand. These people say that in March 1893, they had astock of about 2,000 walnut logs on hand, they have this year 12,000. Other indications seem to tell of a demoralized condition of affairs in Ger- many and elsewhere. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, April 10, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS, I 1-4 in. cut up and better 36 00 1x10 and 12 dressing and better 22 00 1xz0and ‘x2. mill sni7) ace eee eee 17 00 IX1O0 and!s2icommon) wey sey see 14 00 1x10 and 12 spruce culls II 00 zx10-and ro mill cullsse. ot conte ee ene ea II 00 x inch’ clear and/ picks; 2: sane nieve, etal nnn nee - 28 32 00 1 inch dressing and better 22 00 r ineht siding snl [Gran 15) 0 eee a ee etn I5 00 1 inch siding common....... 13 00 1 inch siding ship culls...... I2 00 r inch siding orllicniletr. 309) 0s aan Cae 10 00 Cullscantlings. sy see eee fore) 1 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank 26 00 1 inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run I5 00 1 inch strips, common.............. 13 00 1 1-4 inch flooring......... 16 00 1 1-2 inch flooring....... 16 00 XXX shingles, 16 inch. XX shingles r6inch... 6 Lath, Nowak. 2. sens acne tastes Sein eee ena noe a a Boe ae 16 00 Pine, box cull stock, = PEE 13 00 Pine, s.c. stripsand sidings “ ee oF be Ake 14 00 Pine, mill cull... ;\...:..s: » amet» de aceltes oe cea 10 00 Lath, per MM... 24.12... sinensis eis oe ce er I go QUEBEC, QUE. QueEseEc, April 10, 1894. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. cts, For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured Off. 6:06:56 0cicce ee +d >see caine steele 14 @ 18 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 16 20 For good and good fair average, “ - be eg aay oe For superior e z = oe «28 30 In shipping order phe AS 4) = ye mee Waney board, 18to1ginch ‘‘£ ie pf S reso, 236 Waney board, 19 to21inch 8“ i a ss “37 40 RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality. oe In shipping order, 35 to 45 fect “* | | FF ee 30 OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO, By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . ... . 45 ‘55 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 10 sofeet. .30 32 a es ip «« "30 to 35 feet. .25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . . 30 «34 : BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . + . .20 23 : TAMARAC. e Square, according to size and quality. . .......~, Fs ae) Flatted, oe “ fe eo ST ao j STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp'cfct’n—nominal . $330 $350 W. O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality. . . . go 100 DEALS. 2 Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for 2nd, and $37 to $42 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 for rst, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $21 for 4th quality. SAGINAW, MICH. SAGINAW, Mich., April 1oth.—More so than at other points, the spring season opens up with little evidence of life in the lumber trade. Few sales are being made and the disposition is firm with many buyers to hold off in anticipation of a break in prices. The statement is made that log run is selling now at probably $2 below price of a year ago. From $13 to $20 are quotations on log run. $8.50 and up 1s being asked for the Nor- way bill stuff and $11 and $11.50 for boxes. The reports of trade that reach this point from the East do not give encouragement for large trade. Affairs there, we are told, are dull. No alterations in shingle quotations is to be noted. FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH. Uppers, 1, 1% and 1%...... 45 00| Fine common, 1 in........... 35 00 2) Ifiuaee es te cee e eee 46 0c} 1% and rl in Selects, vanijunincsnsaeeeeneene 4000) |. Ws stemaictiew cea ae eee Topand ayy. ae core eae 4T 00,|€, 7; Sand gims..naseeeenes 2 3D sewn ateie ce apeoe ee 42 90 SIDING. IC, Sette cece, he ee 19 00 | Yes Was Rte et ee 34 00 No, 22096 dns)... 2nd eee, 13 00 1/5 | Ea EE er opt the ol 23 00 TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING, 2x4 to Tox1o, 12, 14 and 16 ft.$11 00 26: Folin. sins Benen eee RE 14 00 t SOEs ook batter ee enee 13 00 15 00 For each additional 2 ft. add fr ; 12 in, plank and timber $1 extra ; extra for sizes above 12 in. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 11 SHINGLES, SHINGLES. > xxx 781i in. eu: PR aNOs | TBUMERG(CUN) cic as wet cadens 100 8in. XXX, clear... 385 4 00| 16in., *A extra...... 260 270 ‘ BY THE WHY. - XXX Saginaw.. ++ 3 40| XXX shorts........... teen 225 48 in. XX, 6 in. clear. 2 85 | 16 in. clear butts..... 2 10 a certain seasons of the year lumbermen study with BE IEEANC what ofa) « o7e-0\e'p /0'0.0.0\0 AMA MEER Sota ote ohctas-ia/o\a)e oscteca’eccieloie 1 50 LATH. if ie oa I 25 Bo. Tat4 é Be teierantiae 250 2 SS BN Spas EES create etare oor I 10 as much anxiety weather probabilities as does the Pe > vac. ; Cre bG ie csnas en Ee 1 95 farmer and market gardener. The harvest of grain Lath, No 1, white pine....... 2 25 | Lath, No. 2, W. pine, Norway 1 65 Sa P , OSWEGO, N.Y. or it may be of new-grown potatoes or early green stuffs, * NEW YORK CITY. OswEco, N. Y., April 10.—A better feeling prevails in ©V€T Which we smack our lips in the opening spring NEw YORK, April 10.—Any improvement in the volume of sales over what has been made for some nths past is encouraging. So it can be said that an acrease in business of the past month portends better ‘s for the future. There is, locally, evidences of a d deal of building this summer and this will mean an ‘ ee zarao 26) 00)|\) NO. 3.2.00. .60.-6- 16 00 17 00 _ Common, No. I, I0 Norway) and No. 1 23 00 25 oo oaseaas 22 00 23 00 Bigs sit aee 20 OOM 22) GO Cho AS peoneg 20 00 21 00 Cepiode ae oo 19 00 Rtedelaichs|s,e01\ae 17 00 18 oo ALBANY, N.Y. ALBANY, N. Y., April 10.—The opening of navigation, which has been earlier than usual this season, is giving a spurt to lumber shipments. The out-go for some months to the East by railroad had been very slow. _ Trade is mending, but it is not anticipated by lumber- _men that any extensive purchases will be made or con- tracts for large quantities closed. d PINE. 4 in. aah up, good........ $56 $60 | ro-in. common............. $15 $16 > eoooen SHOge REO 58 | 12-in. dressing and better... 28 34 Cob Oboe EON (Commoners. s..:0cd6ls x 5 17 lo Aa ee eee 45 | 1%-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 40 45 Raleinavert's' New York Representative Lumber Manbfacturers and Dealers Town Ottawa, Ont.......... Ottiwa, Ont.......... Ottawa, Ont.......... Parry Sound, Ont..... Parry Sound, Ont..... Muskoka Mills, Ont... Alexandria, Ont....... Almonte, Ont......... Bare Ont. ...--..... Barrow Bay, Ont...... Blind River, Ont...... Bobcaygeon, Ont...... Barniew Onis. +. 2.0 se es Waubaushene, Ont.... Calabogie, Ont........ Callander, Ont........ Collins Inlet, Ont...... Glammis, Ont......... Hamilton, Ont........ Huntsville, Ont........ Hamilton, Ont Keewatin, Ont........ Keewatin, Ont........ Lakefield, Ont......... Little Current, Ont.... Wondon,.Ont........... Longford Mills, Ont... Norman, O. Louise, Ont........... Toronto, Ont.......... Toronto, Ont.......... Toronto, Ont., Mi Stony Lake Toronto, Ont.......... Toronto, Ont. aa Toronto, Ont. Toronto, Ont. Horonto; Ont: .............:. Toronto Montreal, Que........ Montreal, Que...:.... Moodyville, B.C....... New Westminster, B.C. Canterbury, N.B...... Railway, Express, or Power, Style and Bridgewater, N.S...... South River, Ont...... nearest Shipping Point NAME Business Daily Capacity MEA Soi the aiais «jas ISGGED Vice Beiayevaiiehiole «aie, esiieto or’ « Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Steam, Circular and Band Mill OR AWAS ac. es cesses Bronson & Weston Lumber Co..... 2 Sawmills, White and Red Pine, Wholesale ....|Water, Gang and Band, 450m BEATA raise 6 ocd Se OTTAWA LUMBER CO....... = «| aumber, (Pine, spruce, Hemlock; Wholesale...:./||..20..000cecsesesccceu canes ce Wtterson ....5 .%.... Conger Lumber Co...........- TEAERL EN ic WY NESE eR Le ATL EREE AN as, 5 tae wre wsdl asniansni/ellcivicap/svaioiadaiesobsineleaelayereracinneiiieleacra Parry Sound.... .|Parry Sound LumberCo......... Saw, Shingle and Lath Mills, Pine, Wholesale ..]Water, Gang, Circular, Saw gom, Shingles 7om, Lath 30m Midlands se. ss ses es: Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Head/W. Pine Lumber, Lath and Bill Stuff, all lengths./2 Mills, Water, 1 Band, 2 Gangs Office, Arcade, 24 King st. w., Toronto and 3 Circulars. Alexandria ....506...- McPherson, Schell & Co. ....... Cheese Box Factory, Pine, Spruce, Cedar ......]......... Chior ad-ck Sa beeen Almonte ....s:........ Caldwell, A. &Son........... Sawmill, Pine, Lumber, Hemlock, Hardwoods. .|Circular, 3m MTT cleo a oie one Dymont & Mickle............ Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Cedar, Hardwoods...... Steam, Circular, 4om WWAAKEOMS ..cephss Vike a a Barrow Bay Lumber Co., Limited . .|Saw, Shingle and Heading Mill, Pine, Cedar Oak, Oak Railway Ties, Paving Blocks ...... Steam, Circular, 16m Blind River........... Blind River Lumber Co......... 2 Saw, Sh. and Lath Mls., Pine, Hem., Bl. Birch|Stm., Band, Cir., S. 75m, Sh. 60m Fenelon Falls......... Boyd, Mossom & Co........... Lumber, Wholesale and Retail-................)... Sunn Ava aoe aaSenacaentle lo Sg Sa eee Burton Bros...... Beams Chetty op aa imbert Wibolesalerand, Retalere ai svcnis ce) Sllelod ole ove ais ce eebivics Suc ebloaere Waubaushene......... Georgian Bay Consolid. Lumber Co.|Pine only. ........-... cee cee eee ee tree eee eens Waubaushene mill, stm., 200m; Hd. office arcade 24 King st. w., Toronto ’ Pt. Severn mill, water, 120m Calabogie ............ Carswell, Thistle & McKay...... Muniber: Wwholesaleand! Retails sianitanscniecss cll grees duc obec deste cewk cas oe Callander, G.T.R. ....|/John B. Smith & Sons ......... White and Red Pine Lumber; Bill Stuff, Lath Head Office, Strachan Ave., Toronto] and Shingles.........-..-0.cceeeeeeeeeceeeee Steam, 2 Circular, 80m Collins Tnlet .. Ss... 20+ Collins Inlet LumberCo......... Lumber; Pine;i\@ak, Ash, Birch, Whol. and Ret.|.. 00.00.00. 0.0.00eees encores HEMIIROXEOM 255 2.0.0 v2 3 ole = McIntyre, N. &@A........2.-.4. Saw, Shingle and Lath Mill, Timber Lands,|Steam, Cir., Saw 14m, Sh, 20m Hemlock, Pine, Lumber, Hardwoods......... LNs): ..|BRADLEY, MORRIS & REID CO. .|Lum., Tim., Pine, Hem., Hwds., Whol. and Ret.|......... 006.00 :e. sce eeeeeeeaee Hiumtsville............ Heath, Tait and Turnbull....... Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Hardwoods. ..|Steam, Circular, 25m Huntsville and Katrine}/Thomson, Robert & Co. ........ Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hardwoods.......... .|Steam, Circular, 4m USGS eT) Ge Dick, Banning &Co........... Sawmiil, Pine, Hardwoods, Wholesale.......... Steam, Circular WSCEWALIM. 6 cette nice « Keewatin Lumber & Mfg. Co..... Saw, Lath, Sh. and Pl. Mill, Moving Posts, Pine} Water, Band and Circular, room LARS OG re Lakefield Lumber Mfg. Co. ...... loth aMleere, Wei else eel INCE Ghr.oe de dep cuee..de||Beaeodsoer boc oa. oaheoe-Bor- Sudbury.....-........ Howry, J. W. &Sons.......... Lumber, Wholesale and Retail.......... AC Op aeellAr Boe aoceoe tecg tne ae. sob aee ae London............... Gordon, James........+..--- Exp. and dlr. in Am. Hwds, made to specification]... ......0.0.00.ce cece eee eee HOMEHOLG: res cies «4's ..|Longford Lumber Co..........- Saw and Plan. Mill, Tim. Lands and Logs, Pine|Steam, Band and Circular, roo! oy Ep Minnesota & Ontario Lumber Co. a Limber)Wiholesalerand Retailer .y a-ha sas:»/-iie «il falele cin dt attiieicislowe Qussie/ere% a af ati svae Elmwood, G.T.R...... C. Walsom Gr S00. << ccc. o onale so Hardwoods, Shingles, Lath, Handles........... Steam, Circular, 20m. ivarwren, CPLR ...... The Imperial Lumber Co., Limited. .|Pine............. hab opined Hoc Con Uee-++msg-- -..|80 M. per day, Stm., 2 Cir. Saws Davidson, Hay &Co........... W. Pine, Lath, Shingles, Dim. Timber, Car Sills|Stm, 2 Band, Cir. & Gang, 140m Sera SOM AE COE: No Hot Boxes COPPERINE =em ALONZO W. SPOONER SOLE MANUFACTURER PORT HOPE, ONT. 20m 16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1894 WANTED AND FOR SALE. Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allow ed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Adver- tisements must be received not later than the 24th of each month to insure insertion in the following issue. ARTIES HAVING BLACK ASH LUMBER and Cedar Fence Posts for sale send us particu- lars. Rosert THomson & Co., 103 Bay St., Toronto. E WANT ALL KINDS OF HARDWOODS. Will pay cash, ROBERT THOMSON & CO., 103 Bay Street, Toronto. OR HEMLOCK, DIMENSION LUMBER, hardwood flooring, cedar shingles, piles, saw dust, etc., write J. E. MURPHY, lumberman, Hepworth station, Ont. WANTED fr. LUMBER, BY CAR OR CARGO. Offers invited. Address ‘‘ Baswood,” care of Canapa LUMBERMAN. UMBER AND SHINGLE MILL FOR sale in the Village of Dundalk; this is good new so-horse power mill; will run lumber and shingles at same time; plenty of stock can be bought in the locality for four or five years at a reasonable rate. Apply to JoHN Irwin, Brampton, Ont. WANTED SITUATION S BAND SAW FILER, NINE YEARS’ EX- perience; also thoroughly practical on Rotarys. Steady and temperate ; good references. Best offer in December for next season and earliest to work, gets me.—H. HOWE, South Boardman, Mich. SAW MILL CAPACITY 15,000 FEET EST WATER AND RAILWAY FACILITIES for shipping. Hard and soft wood limits in con- nection. Will be sold cheap. Address ‘‘W,” CANADA LUMBERMAN. COMMISSIONS HB ADVERTISER CAN SECURE BIG prices for black ash, basswocd, elm and maple in New York and surrounding markets, best of references Send lists of stock on hand. No shipment on given. ‘ consignment. Bona fide orders sent you before ship- ment. Address ‘‘ Commissions,” care of CANADA LUMBER- MAN. FOR SALE pe. ROWAN SASH AND DOOR FACTORY and Sawmill and Shingle Mills. The Factory is fitted with new 6o-h.p. steel boiler, also with follow- ing new machinery by Macgregor and Gourlay, of Galt. Large Matcher and Planer combined, Band Saw, Power Mortiser, Shafter, Jointer and Sandpaperer. Apply, Box 16, Port Rowan, Ont. LOGGING TRAMWAY FOR SALE About three miles of 251b. T-Rail; 12 Logging Cars complete, and a Shay Locomotive N GOOD CONDITION, FOR SALE ON AD- vantageous terms. For further particulars apply to JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front Street West, Toronto. RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. FOR SALE From 5 to 6 Million Feet of First-class VIRGIN WHITE PINE SAW LOGS HESE LOGS ARE THE FIRST CUT FROM new timber limits; choice quality ; are cut prin- cipally 16 feet long, and average from 5 to 6 logs per 1,000 feet, and can be delivered in the Georgian Bay by the rst of June, 1894. For particulars apply to J. D. SHIER, Bracebridge. MACHINERY FOR SALE. NE 18x20 ENGINE IN GOOD ORDER, with 7-inch shaft 8% feet long, on which are two large pulleys and fly wheel, 10 feet diameter. Will be sold cheap. Also a THREE BLOCK CARRIAGE, Sewrey’s make, with three Boss Dogs—V track—in first-class order ; two Heavy Slush Chains, with gear ; one Circular Saw Mandrill, 30-inch Pulley, guides, tightener, etc. Apply to MICKLE, DYMENT & SON, GRAVENHURST. Rochester Bros. COMMISSION AGENTS Limits bought and sold on commission. Limits tray- elled and carefully prepared. Estimates given. Some first-class berths on the North Shore of Lake Huron and on the Upper Ottawa now in our hands for sale. Communications confidential. 36 Rochester St. Ortawa References given. USE SOMETHING GCOD P FERLESS SAMUELROGERS & C0. SAW MILLS SUPPLIED SPECIALLY WITH High Grade... Heavy Quality BAND SAWS BREAK SIXTEEN REASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and is handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt ofthe price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. FOR PRICES AND SAMPLES OF REDDAWAY’S CAMEL HAIR BELTING (CAMEL BRAND) WRITE TO VW. A. FUE MI SOLE AGENT FOR REDDAWAY & CO., MANCHESTER, ENG. of! CAMELBRAND The “Camel” Brand Belting stands almost twice the strain of best English oak double Leather Belting. ” " AGENT ALSO FOR THE FABRIC FIRE HOSE COMPANY, OF NEW YorRK, U.S. HARD-MOUTHED HORSES AND PULLERS CONTROLLED WITH ABSOLUTE EASE. RUNAWAYS IMPOSSIBLE. This statement is now repeated by thousands who have purchased (ale) BRITT’S AUTOMATIC SAFETY BIT. This Bit, by an automatic device, closes the horse’s nostrils, HE CANNOT BREATHE, AND MUST STOP. D SAFETY FROM RUNAWAYS Mi ABSOLUTELY GUARANTEED WITH THIS BITA Any horse is liable to run, and should be driven . With it. By its use ladies and children drive horses men coald not hold with the old style bits. aS Ay Send for illustrated pamphlet containing testi- } ae ol ey —€aalo monials from all parts of the world, and earnest and candid expressions about the BRITT AUTO- mAnTC SAFETY BIT and its resistless but harmless and humane power in subduing the most vicious horses and controlling the most stubborn pullers and chronic runaways. The only biti in the world that is endorsed, advocated, used and sold by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, The Highest Authority. DR. L. P. BRITT, 37 CoLLece PLACE, NEW YORK. hi Y cut shows ~~ 5 “i its leather a. corer. UAK TANNED BELTING TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 THE J.C.M?LAREN BELTING C2 MONTREAL ‘ * BRITISH APRIL, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 H. P. EGAARDT & GO. WHOLESALE GROCERS Lumbermen’s Supplies a specialty..-... Acti Correspondence solicited HP. ECKARDT & GO. - 3 FRONT ST. EAST, TORONT _ ll ANIL eel vi | m | i Dm uN A lf ©6Planing, Moulding ne Stave Cutting p “Mg =—Send for Price List| Jd. TURNER & SON .. sail, Tent and Awning Maker.. 251 George St. and 154 King St. PETERBOROUGH WILLIAM FOSTER Lumber and Commission Merchant RECEIVER AND FORWARDER OF LUMBER, LATH AND SHINGLES Canoe, Ya a nd Boat Sails made to order. Perfect Fits ae eed. . ». CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED ription of Lumbermen’s Supplies and ele thing. Every des Wat — of OWEN SOUND, ONT. |The Peterboro Carbon Co., Meet FLAY, GALT, oO! ONT. GELEPAONE 1855 WM. O, WILSON Manufacturers’ ee - 94 Front St. E., Toronto REPRESENTING The Franklin Oil Works, Franklin, Pa. (Locomotive, Valve Engine, Railway Coach and Car Oils) CODE: “AEATHER,” GORONTO The Hamilton Engine Packing Co., Hamil- ton, Ont. (Sectional Ring, Rainbow Sheet and Coil Packings, Asbestos Ce The Magnolia Metal Co., York ' (Endo ee ee ee Pee n Governments best An ction Met ep in Ma me a The Merchants’ Refining Co., Buffalo, N.Y. (Refined Oils in Tank Cars and Barrels, American Paraffine, Wax and Soap Stock) Peterboro (Electric Carbons) es eee and Cotton Belting, Lin e Hose) Radaway & Ce (Camels’ Hai Detterick & ao ‘Tanners, St. Ee eth ie (Lace Leather, Rawhide, Russet and Calf) The Pennsylvania & Delaware Oil Co., New York (American Lubricating Oils and Grease) Oils shipped from any port on American side to suit customers...... Before placing your Spring Order write for my prices...... COLUMBIA KED CEDAR AOTMINGLESt of Vancouver, B.C., for the exclusive sale in Ontario Hs va made arrangements with H. H. Spicer & Co., of their’ CereprAtep Rep Crpar Suincres, | am in QuaNTITIES. tinuance of have not yet handled these Shingles, we ask you to them a trial, to insure a continuous trade. F.N. TENNANT - a position to supply the trade promprty and in Larce To the many patrons who purchased from us last year we extend our hearty thanks, and beg a your patronage this year. CoOn- Dealers who ibe give as we know that this is all that 1s necessary Write for further particulars. LUMBER [MERCHANT hee: 1.-Voreonte: Sti; roronto 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN F. E. DIXON & GO. MANUFACTURERS OF olar Rives Léather Belting piscounts %O King St. East, Toronto DISCOUNTS Every Lumberman wants it 45 cents buys it Soribner’s Lumber and LOd Book SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : PRACTICAL INFORMATION THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto J. W. MAITLAND-——~H. RIXON J. G. AINSILE———W. STODART eae eer MAITLAND, RIXON & CO. OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock ~ seeciatr® o= LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, CEDAR AND HEMLOCK % Quotations furnished on application Be, id bi 2 0 Dee ~— TUNE & PERE MARQUETTE RAILROAD Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAW AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) WT. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED GITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The ast-named place reached by the Company's line of Steamships across Lake Michigan. The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all Canadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This road traverses a sectiOn of Michigan with unri- valled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions ; a market for every product of Forest and Field The policy of the ‘‘F. & P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. GENERAL OFFICES: SAGINAW, MICH. '.. FIRE PROOF ROOFING ’ ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE METALLIC ROOFING © /MANUFACTURERS, TORO NTO APRIL, 1894. DO YOu WANT A Life Policu An Endowment Policu An Investment Policy Or an Annuity Policy ® THE ONTARIO MUTUAL LIFE ISSGES THEM ALL One 20-year Survivorship Distribution Policy em- braces all the newest features, and is the best form of Protection and Investment money can buy. It has no equal. Guaranteed values, attractive options and liberal conditions. A WISE AND GENEROUS PLAN, Our Annuity Endowment Policy ensures a certain annual income to yourself during 20 years after matur- ity of the Policy or to your family at earlier death; and the Annuity Life Policy guarantee a sure income to your family during 20 years after your death; first pay- ped immediate. The rates are lower than on ordinary plans. Sef eSN ve Ch*L yt ILLUSTRATED BOOK FREE HAS CLUTHE @gmeem TORENTS ent CED “ESTABLISHED I871- Dauntless Shingle and Heading Machin -.. WILL make more Shingles per day than any seif-acting machine with vertical saw in existence, and more Shingles from the same quantity of timber. fae ee | TAE FRAME———- il ! ... ls of Iron throughout, very |- == fi M il / heavy and rigid, strongly bolted and braced. THE CARRIAGE ° ... Is very light and strong, made of forged Cast Steel | Plate, running on steel ways or tracks. Will take in a block 18 inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY. = | F. -J. DRAKE+——_ SAW, SHINGLE AND LATH MACHINERY PATENPEELAND ., . . MANUFAGTURER OF [copy.] Linpsay, May 18th, 1893. Mr. F. J. Drake, Belleville. ; Dear Sir,—The shingle machine we bought of you over a year ago is doing well. Last year we averaged over 32,000 shingles per day all through the season. We did not lose 15 minutes’ time from all stoppages, and all repairs sofar have not cost soc. We ex- _ pect to make a still higher average cut this year. All our other machinery purchased from you is as good as the shingle machine. Your drag saw, with friction drive, cannot be beaten. We run ours 180 strokes per minute; with 61% ft. saw it would easily make blocks for two shingle machines. The splitter, with balance wheel 4 feet diameter, weighing 1,000 Ibs., is perfect and runs without the least jar. The iron frame shingle jointer with 40-inch saw is the only good jointer we ever saw. In fact, all your machinery, line shaft, pul- leys, etc., give us the best satisfaction. We expect to require another mill in a few days, and, if we do, will send you the order for complete outfit. Truly yours, M. Dovey. P.S.—If any one wants to see a good work- ing shingle mill send them to me.—M. D. be BELLE VYiLeL ee er / . Any is.’ 1804 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN WM. E. HILL’S DIRECT ACTING STEAM FEED AUTOMATIG STEAM-GUSHION OPERATED BY HILLS PERFECT BALANCED RELIEF VALVE, PISTON, BRACKET Output of your mill will be in- Lever, lever stand connection. STEAMSSAFETY CUSHION prevents damage if operator loses control. creased 10 to 25, /, by putting in this steam feed. If your boiler capacity is suff- cient now, it will not be neces- sary to increase it. We also build the ordinary Prescott Steam Feed and Allis patent double valve economical Steam Feed BAND SAWS and Band Saw Tools These are of equal importance to the Band Mill. Without the best saws and the best means of keeping them in order it is impossible to get the best results from the Band Mill. IN BAND SAW TOOLS we build the largest and most im- proved line, having combined the best features of the lead- ing American tools with many valuable improvements. FOR INSTANCE These horizontal stretching rolls open the saw, putting*in the proper ten- sion and doing away with a great deal of hammering that would be otherwise necessary. The work is done more evenly and quickly, requiring less skill from the operator. The rolls are hardened steel, ground to proper surface, and adjustable for saws of different thickness. The countershafts are interchangeable to drive either way. No filing room is complete with- out this tool. TIN BAND SAWS — — We can supply you. Saws made from the celebrated Meee tionary. latest improved *“ Sandvik” steel, guaranteed in every particular and Niggers are the simplest and best. : q ag | They do away with the leaky uni- in perfect order to put on your wheels, at lowest pos- Eeeaistcam joints, and are more sible prices. It will pay you to give us a trial order. _ easily set up and connected. Made e ee Pavenis, ‘with all his If you are thinking of putting in a Band Mill, write us. __ latest improvements. Unless pro- ; : i ; _ perly made, a steam Nigger is a Our circular contains considerable information on the subject. : positive disadvantage in loss of | Remember the ‘Allis Improved Band” is the best. time and erratic action. Always buy the est is thecheapest =| = WWJ ATEROUS., Brantrorp. CanapDa PQS OL OAD oMP se UME MAS vh APRIL, 1894 —ADD@NDION | LuMBERMEN, PLANING MILL MEN, 2s". ——— SKOULD SEND FOR my—————— DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES, Nos. 17 anv 18 . Contr Arua Immense List of Engines, Boilers, Iron, Wood- working and Miscellaneous Machines ae ——__NOTE THE ADDRESS: ee A.W. PETRIE |». “22 WAREHOUSE: '4! 145 Front St, West - TORONTO 1892 MODEL TORONTO AGENCY OF Remington Twpewriter L)ONOGH The Rathbun 60. ——Are open to Purchase=——>——_ & OLIVER | ee Oak, Arsh, Birch PEPE] aa | eT Ru) |=? | Basswood x WHOLESALE | 4 I DEALERS IN and Good Pine Lumber I U roached tor Excell f Desi . 4 | Of striction ae . a er ae Cedar and Pine Shingles \ and Durability. OFFICE Se 3 ee Se " 47 MACHINES FOR RENTAL @h Nos. 21 3, 214 and 215 ponte Pao hf. letaretavtted te com OPERATORS SUPPLIED SEND FOR CIRCULAR Board of Trade Building mie ee pote ; GEORGE BENGOUGH 7 e wiaacan = East Tel. 1207. TORONTO 4 H.G. ROSS & GO. J.D. SHIER — | THOS. MOGRAKEN \ Real Estate, Fire and Life Insurance SS ae Ror ie (Member Toronto Stock Exchange) ° BROKER & FINANCIAL AGENT Fee eee, COMMISSION. AGENTS | Buia Lath & SMINGIGS | sents sescu 1 rumen sss T. W. WALKER, Agent SPACKHAN & GO. Toro nto, We pili gen 164 St. James Street F Office Cor. Spadina Ave. and Front Street Tel. 1189 MONTREAL No. 2 Victoria Street, CaBLE AB. Coog ‘ROSS” N = W W ESTM IN STBER, B. GC. BRACBBRI DG B, ONT. Telephone No. 418. TORONTO, ONT. ’ CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED... ... Box 272 SS : CAVEATS and PATENTS ‘esoettazes | Lumbermen_ a Obtained in Canada. Hee ee ee IS UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PAT- ie ENTS A SPECIALTY. aN ADVERTISING ze Engineering Drawings Furnished. W. J. GRAHAM, 71 Yonge St. GANADa Luveaumen DRO SOF et aaa Toronto WRITE = a | The “BOSS” 32 ~ na B.K. MOWT l Son Shingle Machine f SRW MILL x SHINGLE MILL || jaaine , MAGHINERY onthe = a Manufactured by us is acknowledged by practical men to be ! shingle Machinery a Specialty REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND GAREFULLY EXECUTED Gravenhurst, ‘Ont. | ‘ Sere , - ee, Pee ne Ae Al Scere 7 os ’ \ | ; 5 ll og ( | ec TI ! ” sn | sitll } tl MO UIUC | | itll | | * ~~ My a | } i Lo a ae TORONTO, ONT., MAY, 1894 { TeRMs, 1.00 Per Year \ SincLe Copies, 10 CenTs MAGNOLIA METAL Mien. Leading Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, | Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS ~atte—_TT ACG NOLIA WE ES Sry ae CoG Owners and Sole Manufacturers LONDON OFFICE: 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET CHICAGO OMONTREAL OFFICE: H. MCLAREN & CO., AGENTS 74 Cortlandt si.; N RW YORK RUBBER BELTING MONARCH,.RED STRIP AND LION BRANDS. MANUFACTURED BY (LTD) THE GUTTA PERCHA & RUBBER MANUFACTURING CO. OF TORONTO. OFFICE 61863 FRONT STW. TORONTO. FACTORIES AT PARKDALE, ONT. Write For Discounts. | Cc. C, CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhue & 60. | FATHER BELTING :::: ano LACE LEATHER Write ror Prices anp CaTALocuE | | Danville, Que. John Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS, ONTARIO GEO. GORMAGK Wholesale and Retail Dealer in ALL KINDS OF LUMBER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL MANUFACTURERS OF WOOD-WORKING MAGHINBRY MACHINE TOOLS, BTC. WHITBY, ONTARIO OD B.R. Burns SaW 60. # e ' e e > . FACTORY: *Phone 5120 534-536 Dundas Street 93-25 Fisher Street A Cos TORONTO ae one OF Gircular THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE * AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED (0) te S aw Ss ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT CR SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY thon % A ‘ooh ge ey x 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN May, 1894 ‘TEE PReSDoaas Pand Saw Waa THE PRESCOTT BAND SAW MILL in different sizes er ‘Ottaway Ganz July Sth, 1892. Dear Sirs : It may interest you to know that on June 30th _ last, in eleven hours, the Band Mill—driven entirely by water—which we got from you, sawed 4,047 feet 1-inch a aos aay A 20 2 25,038 "3 106,619 feet. Yours truly, PERUEY & PATTER E 7 2 SS SSS SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE TO The Wm. Hamilton Mfg PETERBOROUGH, ONT. BRANCH OFFICE: VANCOUVER, B.C. BAND SAW MILL ~CARRIAGES «.. HAVING.... Prescott’s Automatic Carriage Offsets Prescott's Direct-acting Steam Feeds COVEL’S SAW TOOLS FOR FILING ROOM TOP GUIDE NOW: MADE WITH GOOSE NECK ARM To WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: This is to certify that the Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- borough, Ontario, have been licensed to manu- facture and sell throughout the Dominion of Canada, the Band es Mill known and called the “Prescott Patent Band Mill,” also the device for Saw Mill Carriage eras known as the “Prescott Patent Offsetting Mechanism,” and by virtue of said license the said Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company possess the exclusive right to build and sell said machines for Canada, the plans for said ma- chines being furnished or ap- proved by the undersigned. (Signed) D. CLINT PRESCOTT, [copy] Patentee. 7. T= CANADA LUMBERMAN | VotumE XV. NUMBER 5. TORONTO, ONT., MAY, 1894 THE PARMENTER PATENT DRY KILN. AVE take pleasure in presenting to our readers a cut ° and description of what has—after three years’ tcial—been proven to be a kiln of very great merit, the invention of which is the result of several years of experience in lumber drying. The object of the inventor was :—1, To produce a kiln that could be easily and cheaply constructed by ordinary mechanics ; 2, One that would be economical, simple and reliable in its operation at any season of the year ; 3, Also one that would dry all kinds of lumber and material, rapidly and in first-class condition. The reader will observe that this kiln is very simple in construction and operation; the air in the kiln becomes heated by the steam pipes and at once rises to the top of the kiln where it enters the galvanized iron condensing pipes which are placed outside of the kiln. It then becomes cool and relieved of a portion of its moisture by condensation, passes downwards and re-enters the kiln at the bottom below the steam pipes, the condensed moisture trickling down the inside of the condensing pipes and escap- ing through a small hole in the bottom elbow. The air again becomes heated by com- ing in contact with the hot steam pipes and rises up through the lumber, absorbing another supply of moisture, and again enters the conden- sing pipes and leaves a portion of its moisture on the inside of the pipes, and continues in this manner until the air in the kiln becomes dry. No cold air from the outside 1s allowed to enter the kiln, and no hot air is allowed to escape, consequently it is very econo- f TERMs, 1.00 Per YEAR \ SincLe Copies, 10 CENTS THE AGED BOILER. ete life of a boiler, says the Age of Steel, like that of a horse, hasits limit. The number of its birthdays depends, of course, on its original stamina, and the use or abuse of its service. Ifsound in material and construc- tion, and intelligently handled, its term of life is prolonged into a respectable old age, and to this on these conditions there is necessarily a limit. It is possible, however, that any arbitrary limit is beyond absolute calculation, and is likely to overlap dates that at the best can only be ap- proximate. The biography of a boiler is one of strain and tension, and is subjected to sudden transitions from a high degree of heat to the temperature of cold air or water suddenly admitted. That iron should lose its qualities as a boiler plate in the course of years it is rea- sonable to assume, and that when age and service have reached a certain point the conditions of safety are weak- ened, is equally reasonable. The basis of calculation must, however, necessarily vary, as the qualities of the metal used may not be uniform, nor the intelligence of service always at the same standard. From tests made MANITOBA’S OPINION ON LUMBER. T has been made a matter of remark in our editorial columns that the placing of lumber on the free list is a question of serious concern to Northwest and British Columbia lumbermen. The Commercial, of Winnipeg, gives this view of the situation : “The lumber- men have been holding meetings and communicating with each other a good deal the last couple of weeks, but no definite announcement has been made yet. One object for which the lumbermen have been working hard, is to secure a reduction in freight rates, as an off- set for the tariff changes, but so far no change has been made in freight rates. The dealers say that any reduc- tion in freights will be entirely to the benefit of the consumers, as they (the dealers) will reduce their prices to the full extent of any cut in rates which may be given. No changes in prices have been made yet as an outcome of the new tariff. The disposition is to make no changes until the tariff debate in Pailiament is final- ly disposed of. It 1s understood that pressure is being brought upon the government to induce them to put dressed as well as rough lum- ber on the free list, and as further changes may be made in the tariff, no changes will be made in prices until it is known for a certainty how the tariff will finally stand. A city lumberman has been twice to Ottawa, no doubt to represent the views of the manufacturers to the government, though it is denied that he represents any one but himself. There is some uncertainty as to the nical in the amount of steam required to reach the desired temperature. The condensing pipes are fitted with ordinary dampers which by opening or closing regulate the circulation and consequently the conden- sation. This feature is a valuable one, especially in cold weather, and one that is said to be possessed by no other kiln in the market. The inventor claims it is a well-known fact that a current or hot blast of air coming in contact with undried lumber dries the outside first and causes check- ing, warping, case hardening and honey combing. In the Parmenter system it is claimed this cannot occur as the air in the kiln does not become dry until the lumber is dry. The circulation of air is from the centre to the sides and not from end to end, conse- quently perfectly dry lumber can be taken out of the kiln at one end and green lumber placed in the opposite end at the same time. There are no fans, blowers or special engines required as circulation is entirely automatic. Testimonials and all other information can be obtain- ed by addressing the Patentee, Mr. J. S. Parmenter, oo Box 512, Woodstock, Ontario. iw a 7. An interesting picture of mechanical engineering of a past generation—the ‘chalk age” of mechanical engineering, as the author aptly terms it—is drawn by J. F. Holloway in the May number of Cassier’s Magazine. To both the young engineer of the present day and to him of more mature years the reminis- cences conjured np by the author must have a peculiar fascina- tion, showing by what pluck, energy and untiring industry the achievements of early machine-shop days were accomplished. THE PARMENTER PATENT Dry KILN. of plates taken from iron boilers, varying from fifteen to thirty years of service, it has been found that there has been not only a loss in tensile strength, but also a marked loss in ductility. A plate that originallystood a test 45,000 pounds tensile strength afterabout twenty years of service, shows a deterioration of tensile strength;to about 38,000 pounds. On this basis alone the conclusionis that the boil- er, if weaker, is still good for considerable pressure, with the fact, however, left that the plate under certain conditions would act as a piece of cast iron would act, and also sud- denly give way at a certain pressure. It is obvious that a boiler constructed of plate of this character would never tempt the money of a steam user. It might have a higher tensile strength than cast iron, but in the matter of brittleness the advantage would be scarcely apparent. As most, or many, boiler explosions are caused in whole orin part by a sudden shock, a boiler plate of a brittle nature is broken by a blow, which would be as ineffec- tive as a drum tap on a plate of lower tensile strength. Here the quality of ductility asserts itself as indispen- sible to boiler safety, allowing it to sustain heavy shocks or strains without giving way. The presence or absence of this quality determines the value of old boilers so far as their safety goes, and for this reason it is the opinion of many engineers that boilers of the cylindrical-shell type are in their dotage at about twenty years of service. J. F. Waldell will start a planing mill at Newdale,£Man. interpretation of the new tar- iff. Rough lumber is to come in free, and a duty of 20 per cent. is fixed on dressed lum- ber, but it is said that the duty will be collected only on the - cost of dressing. Thus, for example, rough lumber costing say $14 per thousand would come in free. The same grade dressed costing say $16 per thousand feet would be subject to the duty of 20 per cent., but it is said that the duty will be collected only on the $2, being the difference between the cost of the rough and the dressed commodity, instead of collecting duty on the full cest of the dressed. If the 20 per cent. duty on dressed lumber is interpreted in this way, the duty collected on a thousand feet of lumber, as above, would be only 40 cents, instead of $3.20, if it were collected on the full cost of dressed lumber. If this interpretation of the duty is carried out, the government might just as well make dressed lumber entirely tree at once, fora duty collected on merely the difference between the cost of rough and dressed lumber of the same grade, will be such a trifling matter as to be hardly worth bothering with. There is talk of yards being started in the city to handle imported lumber, but nothing definite has been done yet in this direction. As prices are likely to be advanced in Minnesota, there will be less disposition to cut prices in this direction. At the recent meeting of the Mississippi Valley Association, at Minneapolis, it was represented that stocks were not excessive, and that better prices should be obtained. Steps were taken to advance prices. The meeting of the Western Retail Association held in the city this week was to consider applicants who wish to open new yards, of which there are a number. There was also some informal talk in regard to tariff changes.” 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN May, 1894 TALKS WITH WOOD-WORKERS. HE sensible advice is given that one of the best things a young fellow in the shop can do, or an old one either for that matter, is to learn to make sketches of different tools and devices in use, or of peculiar things that he sees in other shops. I often think of the oppor- unities for advancement, that are lost by workmen everywhere in not exercising the power of observation and of thought, as might be done. It is a bad lookout for any of us when we simply become machines in our work. As regards these proposed sketches they can be made roughly in a note book and will prove often a fund of knowledge to do good service in some future day. The ideas come to us all as we are at our work and it is a case of following the advice of Captain Cuttle ; “When found make a note of it.” Draftsmen it has been remarked could save the firm lots of work, by simply making a good neat sketch with correct figures instead of making an elaborate drawing for some small job that really does not want it. Do we realize that a good deal depends on ourselves how much we get out of a lathe, or any other machine for that matter? I have been struck with the difference in workmen. Some people, and they are not of a stingy disposition either, lay their plans so that a dollar goes much further with them than with others. So it is in handling men ; if we handle a staff of men in the right way we will get, sometimes, 50% more work cut of them, and yet not be nigger drivers. The inani- mate machine is susceptible of the same kind of hand- ling. A lathe can be run to an economical limit, or it may give very poor service. Speaking of a lathe a wiiter has said that a comparatively slow speed of cut- ting, (a slow running of lathe) and a heavy cut with a moderately quick feed, will give good results in most cases. What applies to the lathe applies to all classes of work, each kind of work being tried separately for best results. i « Pony planers, we are told by a writer on this subject, should never be belted with the countershaft directly under the machine, as it gives too short a belt. A per- pendicular belt will always slip and will never have the same power asa belt at an angle or a horizontal belt, therefore the countershaft should be arranged at an angle of 45 degrees to the cylinder which it is to drive. Then we have an easy running belt. For the ordinary pony planer most mill men prefer to have the counter- shaft at the out-feeding end of machine. The reason is the belt to the cylinder is easier gotten at, the loose pul- ley gets better attention, &c. “ Considerable has been said about babbitting planer cylinder arbors,” says a writer in the Woodworker, “whether it is best to babbitt directly on the arbor or have a dummy to babbitt on. I have contended for the latter way. A few days ago parties from a large dress- ing mill brought in an arbor for me to true up. They said it :attled badly. Putting it on the centers of the lathe I found it out one-sixty-fourth inch. That isa We sprung it back true, run the tool over it, and polished it nicely. Before night they came back saying it was not true yet. Putting it on the centers | found it “out” again. ‘* Have you babbitted?” I asked “Ves, we had to; it run too loose a fit.” “ Well, you have sprung it.” I straightened it again, perfectly, and told them to rub red lead and oil on the arbor, put it in the boxes carefully and revolve it a little, then take it out and scrape where the lead showed on the box. This they did and it has been all right since. The bear- ing was two inches diameter, Jo inches long, made of machinery steel. I think the dummy arborand scraping is the only correct way, particularly with 4,oo0-turn aibors on fast-feed planers.” ee good deal. Jas. LEGAL DECISION. Muskoka MiLL AND LUMBER Co. v. McDrrRmorr.— The Court of Appeal holds that the legal right of a license of timber limits under a license issued by the Ontario Crown Lands Department ceases (except as fo matters specially ex- cepted by the Act) at the expiration of the license, and there is- no equitable right of renewal capable of being enforced against the Crown, or sufficient to.uphold a right of action for trespass committed after the expiration of the license and before the issue of a renewal. The insertion in an expired license of a lot omitted by error does not confer upon the licensee such a title as enables him to maintain an action for trespass committed on the omitted lot. LUMBER DISCUSSION IN THE LEGISLATURE. T the meeting of the Local Legislature on 19th April, on motion to go into committeee of supply Mr. Miscampbell, member for East Simcoe, and ex-lumberman of Midland, Ont., moved :—- This House disapproves of the large expenditures which are made annually by the Crown Lands Department for surveys, amounting to upwards of $35,000 per annum, and of the sums paid by that department to unnecessary crown lands agents, and it regrets that the executive and the department persist in the practice of disposing of the crown timber reserves of the province without consulting or obtaining the approval of the representatives of the people in this House, and wholly fail to take any adequate steps for preserving the standing timber, and especially the smaller trees, from unnecessary waste and destruction ; and this House deplores the improvidence which characterizes the management and disposal of the timber upon those reserves which has destroyed in many parts of the coun- try the saw milling industries which flourished, and has trans- ferred the business which they formerly carried on, to the state of Michigan, and other states of the neighboring republic, and is fast depriving the province of its most valuable asset, and one, if adequately and intelligently cared for, safe-guarded and managed, would continue to furnish a large revenue to the province for years to come, but which, as now mismanaged, is rapidly disappearing. Speaking to the resolution Mr. Miscampbell said there was no question but that it would be admitted the timber limits of the province formed one of their most valuable assets. It was believed this timber was rapidly disappearing. In various parts of the province, instead of a flourishing industry, what did they find? That whereas sawmills had existed in the past, these had closed down and their owners had now to devote them- selves to other occupations. As to the amount of timber taken away, whether that was large or small, every foot carried out of the country was an injury to the province. The cost of taking out the logs was about $5 or $6, and in order to realize a profit after coming from the mills the lumber must be sold at $11 per thousand feet. There was a clear difference of $5 that would have been expended in this country if the logs were manufactured here. Other industries depended upon the lumber business. There were the railways, for instance, to whom the carrying would prove most profit- able. It was said if they prohibited the export of logs the United States would retaliate, but in this resolution they asked for nothing that would interfere with a dollar of vested rights. They asked that the Government should husband the resources of the province, and make it a condition that the timber should be manufactured in this country. If this course was’taken they would have Saginaws and Bay Citys on the north shore of lake Huron. It was easy enough to understand the era of prosperity that would then set in. He maintained that for every thousand feet of lumber that was manufactured outside the county employment was lost to one man, or in other words, a family of five individuals, who would otherwise be living here, were settled elsewhere. As an argument to show the timber was becoming rapidly exhausted, he mentioned that some years ago the size of the sawlog cut was 160 feet, whilst to-day it was down to Ico feet to the piece. One reasen advanced for selling the timber was that the manufacturers wanted timber. Was it nota peculiar fact, however, that 33 per cent. was lying unused. What other construction could be put upon that than it was being held by speculators until the price went up. Mr. Conmee, representing west Algoma, an important lumber district, replied that the resolution amounted to an assertion that the timber of the country should be used merely for home consumption. Yet Mr. Miscamp- bell had enlarged on the benefits of the Imber trade. If the timber had not been cut in the past where would Ottawa and the othe: lumber towns be? The timber near James’ Bay has been the property of the Province for years and has been of no value, because develop- ment has not approached it, and so with the timber now standing. Mr. Conmee then referred to the way in which the northern district has been gradually filling up with setilers under the present system. It would be wrong to tie up the timber of the country; it should be used to keep the mills going in the country. A Chinese policy of repressing the industry would drive still more of the people away to the American side in order to seek for work. He was against putting restrictions on the trade of the Province; he would leave the people free to make the most of the natural capabilities of the country. If the present Government had a fault it was in being too chary in disposing of the timber. One might as well ask them for gold as for timber. Mr. Conmee then referred to the ravages which fires com- mit, and declared that if not cut it would be in danger of being burnt and being a total loss. As for the smaller logs now cut, it could be explained by the fact that the recent improvements in the lumber business, together with the regulations of the Government, have made it profitable to cut and use smaller logs than before. J Hon. Mr. Bronson, a member of the Cabinet, without portfolio, and of the extensive lumber firm of Bronson & Weston, of Ottawa, in rising to discuss the question was obliged to defend himself against a charge made by Mr. Whitney, that as the holder of 28 timber licenses all of which were held by the sanction of the govern- ment, he had no right to be a member of that govern- ment. Mr. Bronson denied that he or his firm had ever bought a foot of timber limits from the Government. Every foot that they had secured had been bought from third parties. All transactions which his firm had had were in the ordinary way of trade, and he was unaware of any discrimination having been exercised in his favor. Indeed, Mr. Whitney had been very careful to make no actual charges against him. As a matter of fact the timber dues were fixed, not shifting or dependent on the will of the Goyernment. Nay, so far was he from hav- ing profited, that, since he had become a member of the Government, the dues on timber sold had been advanced 33 per cent. If he had had any influence, it evidently had been in the interests of the Province, not of the lumbermen. Mr. Bronson then remarked that the lumber interests of the Province are very great, and the Government might easily find the presence of a practi- cal lumberman in its councils of some use, and any influence he may exert would be exerted in the terest of the Province. Speaking directly to Mr. Miscamp- bell’s resolution, Mr. Bronson asked, What would be the result of adopting the policy suggested in regard to the timber of the Province, viz., the building of a Chinese wall around that timber? Such a policy would prostrate the industries of the country and inflict upon them a blow which they would not recover from for years. In timber, as in every other part of the vegetable kingdom, there is a period of growth, of maturity and of decay ; there comes a time when it should be market- ed, or it would decline in value. The Government’s policy has been to market it as soon as the proper time comes. At the last timber sale some of the timber sold was on the point of deterioration, and would have been injured by being kept any longer. Mr. Bronson then questioned the statement that the keeping of the timber in the country would result in cities like Bay City, Sagi- naw, etc., growing up on the Canadian shores of the great lakes. The trade depends on the American market ; only the best can be sent to Europe, and a gread deal of low-grade timber must be cut and must be sold by Canadian lumbermen. But if the timber were kept in the country this market would disappear, and the country would suffer. He reminded the House that once the announcement that an export duty would be charged by the Dominion Government stopped a sale, as the lumbermen would not, under those circumstances, give the Provisional Government a sufficient bonus. He touched on the danger of fire, and said he could show hundreds of miles where timber that should have been cut years ago had been burned. The export duty would cause the mills to be shut down. The assertion that the manufacture of lumber in this country would lead to prosperity depended upon the United States allowing the Canadians to send them lumber free of duty after the export duty had been charged, which Mr. Bronson doubted. The closing down of the mills would mevitably result frem the imposing of such a policy as Mr. Miscampbell advocated. , The resolution was defeated by a considerable matority, ™ ee OF. I May, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 ANTI-FRICTION MATERIALS. By KILLInGwortH HeEpGEs, M. Inst. C. E. — use of oil as a lubricant in machines is to separate the rubbing parts and diminish the friction of metal upon metal by an intervening film of the lubricant. If the oil is supplied in sufficient quantity to cause the en- tire separation of the metals, the friction may be reduced to a measure of the viscidity of the unguent used ; where oil is furnished in less quantity, the friction of metal upen metal is usually resistance due to interlocking particles or _ the revolving and stationary parts, the oil used-under this condition finding its way from the bearing, loaded with the metal that is gradually torn from either the revolving shaft or the bearing in which it has worked. In discussing the subject somewhat over a year ago before the British Association for the Advancement of Science, the author remarked it to be a well-known fact that heavy lubricants effect a better separation of the metals than those that are more limpid, although the power required to slide the surfaces one upon the other is much less with the latter than with the former, but at the same time the wear and tear of the metal may be greater. It has been stated by more than one authority, that it makes little difference what metal is used for the bearing of a revolving shaft, provided oilin sufficient quantity can be introduced, so as to separate the shaft from the bearing in which it revolves. This is proved by the success which attends the use of cast iron for the bearings of ordinary shafting, it being no unusual occur- rence to find the cast-iron sleeve of an adjustable hanger showing the tool marks after running several years with an excess of lubrication. Such a bearing would, however, quickly seize if the oiling were neglected, and therefore the friction may be said to vary according to the attention paid to the oiling. For very low pressures, amounting to only a few pounds on the square inch on the rubbing sur- faces, oil causes a loss of power, so as to make it advis- able, wherever possible, to dispense with it altogether. Professor Coleman Sellars even goes further than this and states that even when the pressure on the rubbing surfaces is less than 50 pound per square inch, the vis- cidity of the unguent acts as a sensible retardent. Engineers have for a long time been looking for a material capable of being used for bearing surfaces and having a low co-efficient of friction when worked dry and without any oil. The idea is not one of recent date only, but may be said to go back to the time of the Romans, as some of the hand flour-mills found at Pompeii have the lower stone fitted with an iron bearing which evidently worked dry in the stone socket of the upper stone. The celebrated Coulomb experimented with an iron axle moving in a bush of elm, the friction being stated to be « 3th of the force of pressure.” He also made numer- ous experiments with wood axles slightly smeared with tallow, and also recommended the use of blacklead. The material which he found to give the best results was green oak on elm, and I believe the wooden axles ot wagons which are used in some parts of England at the present time to transport heavy grindstones from the quarries, are constructed with axles of oak in a similar manner. Throughout Egypt, in the Nubian water- wheels, which are everywhere employed for irrigation, unlubricated wooden bearings are used, which appear to wear very slowly, the surface of the bearing acquiring a fine glaze. Stone bearings have also been employed for shafts. According to Rankine, the natural stones fit for this purpose are those which are wholly free from gritti- ness and are somewhat inferior in hardness to iron, such as gypsum, pure clay slate, compact limestone, marble and silicate of magnesia. From the latter the substance called “‘adams” was made by calcining the magnesia, grinding and molding it by hydraulic pressure into blocks, which were then baked. In addition to these oilless bearings there are others in which, perhaps, a small quantity of grease might have ‘been employed, such as the leather bushes used in spin- ning wheels, and the leather band on that part of the oar _ which works in the oarlock may be quoted as an instance of leather working on wood. Glass has also been tried, but the only kind which has survived to the present, and has been the most successful of all, is the plumbago bearing. The author has been told by the old millwrights that this material was often used in the footstep bearing of — ee) oe the upright shafts in water mills, and most of us have seen plumbago employed instead of tallow for lubricating wooden bearings, and there is the familiar example of the carpenter’s screw. The first adaptation of plumbagoin a more practical form was the invention of Gordon, who inserted a number of molded plumbago plugs in the standard-size axle-box of an ordinary carriage wheel. It is said that the vehicles ran successfully without any lubricating. Graphite or plumbago is the principal ingredient in numerous inventions for dry bearings, many of which have not got further than the Patent Office. It has been mixed with pulverized iron, asbestos, vegetable tibre, paper pulp, blood and in one curious instance sponge is used. In nearly all these applications the anti-friction omposition is packed into suitable grooves, which are used in the bearing in very much the same way as asbes- tos is used in cocks. A substance which has been termed ‘“‘metalline,” which, although it contains graphite, ap- pears to be composed of finely divided lead, has been rather extensively employed. The chief disadvantages were the expense due to the way the material was used, in the form of little plugs let into drilled holes, and the necessity for oiling when the plugs were worn sufficiently to cause contact between the metallic surfaces, thereby changing the character of the bearing. The latest form of dry bearing is of solid material, which can either be molded so as to fit any plummer- block, or can be tooled or worked in the same manner as an ordinary brass. A new material for this kind of bear- ing, recently tried in the United States, is termed fibre- graphite, and consists of finely ground plumbago, mixed with wood fibre in a moist condition, and pressed into a mold of proper form. It is then saturated with some drying oil and oxidized in hot dry air. This bearing has been favorably reported on by a committee of the Frank- lin Institute, and a shop has been fitted up complete, so that the whole of the machinery, including the steam engine, runs without any lubrication at all. The rep rt, which may be taken to apply to dry bearings generally, states ‘‘that an invention of this kind by diminishing the use of lubricants, diminishes the cost of machine con- struction by doing away with the many devices incident to oil—oil cups, oil-hole covers, the oil-hole themselves which have to be carefully placed, oil tubes to lead the lubricants to the inaccessible parts of machinery, as well as the cost of the personal attention and the cost of the lubricant required to keep the machinery in perfect order.” My own investigations on a suitable material for an oil_ less bearing began with the use of plumbago, which was molded so as to form a circular bush, but this was soon discovered to be a failure on account of its rapid wear. I then constructed bearings of ordinary carbon, such as is used in batteries, and for producing the elcctric light by means of the voltaic arc. The first experiment was made with the bearings of a small dynamo, which ran for a con- siderable time, but the drawback of using carbon was mainly on account of the impurities which it often con- tained. A small amount of silica in the carbon was found to cut the shaft very badly, while if soft carbon was used the wear was as rapid as with plumbago. In order to lessen the cutting action and the friction, finely powdered steatite was mixed with the carbon, and thenceforth no difficulty was experienced, even when the load was un-_ equally distributed on the bearing. The name of carboid has been given to this mixture, its specific gravity being 1.66, that of carbon as used in arc lamps being about 1.68 ; therefore carboid is about one-fifth the weight of brass. It can be molded with the same ease as carbon, and can be turned, bored or shaped to any desired form. In practice it is found that the cylinders, as they leave the molds, are quite true enough to be put into bearings with- out any tooling, although it is preferable to run fora short time with half the load and then remove and scrape the bearing, so as to equalize the surface of contact. Professor Sellers, writing on the Franklin Institute re- port, states that ‘‘the co-efficient of friction is lower with he dry bearings experimented on than that of many oiled oearingsin good condition, and thatit is undoubtedly lower than with metal bearings, as usually operated with moderate attention and poor qualities of oil. It seems to be constant in its frictional resistance, whether warm or cold, while it does not run lighter when worn by use, as some oiled bearings do. Its uniform action 1s better than many oiled bearings and very much safer ; the con- stant amount of frictional resistance being known can be provided for in the power of the machine.” The above agrees in the main with Professor Unwin’s experimental results with carboid. A bearing 1% inches in diameter by 2% inches long, cut in halves, was tested under loads varying from 100 pounds to 1800 pounds, or about 15 pounds to 170 pounds on the square inch, at speeds from I10 to 490 revolutions per minute, the period of test ex- tending over six days, during which the bearing was kept almost constantly running without any lubrication or attention. Summarizing the experiments, it appears: 1st. That the co-efficient of friction is almost the same and has not diminished as the carbon became worn to a better bear- ing surface. 2nd. That the co-efficient of friction in- creased as the temperature increased during the run, but is practically the same for any*increase of pressure. and diminished with increase of speed, the maximum number of revolutions per minute being 490. 3rd. That no injury is caused to the shaft even if the bearing gets very hot, as it was found to be impossible to make it seize. The conclusion arrived at by the author with regard to dry bearings is that the frictional resistance is governed by the conductivity of the shaft and the holder or support of the bearing ; if this be so arranged that any heat gen- erated be dispersed, the co-efficient of friction will not ex- ceed that of a lubricated bearing. If the bearing works under such conditions that any heat, generated at starting a new bearing, may readily be conducted away, the first cost of a dry bearing will be less than any form of brass, but taking a case ofa dyna- mo bearing where any excess heat might be disadvan- tageous, it will be necessary to carefully true the bearing by scraping so as to fit the shaft, and under cer- tain conditions where there is a great pull on the belt, it may be necessary to keep the bearing cool by means of a circulating flow of water. The economy of working is very marked. Besides the cost of the lubricants used in large establishments, there is also the attention required to apply the oil and keep the parts clean. In laundries and in those trades where unskilled labor is employed, the danger of oiling machi- nery in motion is very great; besides this there are in- stances where the lubricant used is in itself a source of danger, such as the risk of oil waste taking fire by spon- taneous combustion, and the dip from bearings certainly renders the floors of the mills highly inflammable. The principal application of carboid up to the present time has been for the bearings of ordinary shafting, and for bushing loose pulleys. It has also been applied for the bearings of steam heated rolls such as are used in cloth mills and paper works. The result of two years’ experience and many experiments with light trucks seem to point out the desirability of extending its use to the axle-boxes of tramcars, and perhaps railways gener ally, as it involves no change in the axle-boxes ; even the existing brass can remain and be faced with carboid, which can be cemented to either a smooth or rough sur- face.— Cassier’s Magazine. MIX THE MOVEMENTS. OUBTLESS many of our readers, who are not ex- perienced engineers, may have noticed that fre- quently the oscillations of the main belt in a mill come in unison with the beat of the engine, and a perceptible slapping about of the belt is noticeable. The beat of an engine will often come in sympathy with the sway of the building, and so increase it as to be very perceptible. If this were continually on in exact time it would become so great in time as to be dangerous, but one or the other gets ahead and mixes the movements so that it gradually ceases until they are again in unison. If the speed of the engine is changed in either case the swaying will be kept mixed all the time instead of occasionally. On long lines of shafting this will appear also, the pull on the belt at the commencement of the stroke being in unison with the spring of the shaft, thus causing a marked oscilla- tion. The remedy is applied here—to mix the move- ments purposely—and the trouble is partly if not entirely removed.— Machinery. going 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN May, 1894 PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH Sa Sy ISG Wadereynomompet CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New Yorxk LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy One Year, in advance .......... 0... ccccccuecceeeucs $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ................ccccceueucce 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing thes topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetruth. Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the CanapDA Lum- Sean AN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and ajding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. NOTICE OF REMOVAL. UBSCRIBERS, advertisers, and others concerned are particularly requested to note that the offices of THE CANADA LUMBERMAN have been removed from the Canada Life Building to the CON- FEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, Richmond and Yonge Streets. All communications should in future be addressed to C. H. MORTIMER, publisher CANADA LUMBERMAN, Confederation Life Building, Toronto. | TWO METHODS OF TIMBER SALES. A MOTION of Mr. John Charlton, M. P., in the House of Commons a few days ago, asking for a state- ment, showing particulars of all timber licenses granted since January I, 1888, raised the question as to the best method of disposing of timber limits. It has been the custom in the provinces, notably in Ontario, to put up timber limits to public auction. The Dominion Govern- ment has followed the practice of simply asking for tenders. Mr. Charlton strongly favored the Ontario system and spoke of the importance of notice of sale extending from four to six months, and in this contention he was supported by Mr. Edwards, member for Russell, and one of the largest lumbermen of Ottawa. Mr. Bryson, also a large Ottawa lumberman, and a member of the House, favored the system of private tenders, which was defended by the Minister of the Interior, who said that this system had been the vogue since February 17, 1885. The question is not a political one, at least, it ought not to be. It is one of business: which is the fairest business method? Which is likely to produce the best financial results to the country? It needs no evidence to demonstrate that the more open competition is made at any time, in any line of tendering, the less liklihood there is of intrigue or questionable methods being adopted by one tenderer to secuie advantage over another. Publicauction at any time, gives an: openness to business that can hardly be’ expected in private tenders, where the consideration of results is left in the hands of those who may have friends to favor, and to whom a wink, that may mean much, can sometimes be given. Unfortunately in political life, without regard to party, the temptation to hold in hand the power that comes of awarding public contracts, whatever shape they may take, is strong, and few there be who can resist the temptation. Any system, therefore, that helps to remove this temptation, would seem to have much to recommend it to public favor. It is to be feared that the record of the timber sales of the Dominion by private tender will show that some of the evils, here suggested as possible, have had an actual existence in fact. Then there is the finaucial side of the system. Which plan will bring the best results? In a debate in the House about the same time that Mr. Charlton’s resolu- tion was on, the subject of Indian reserve timber being under discussion, Sir John Thompson said that it had been proved in auction sales of Dominion timber limits buyers could and did easily combine to keep down the price. For this reason hé believed the invitation of private tenders was the better method. It is doubtless true that combinations of men may keep down that degree of competition that is expected at sale by auction, but, we opine, that these cases are more likely to be the exception than the rule. The experience at late sales in Ontario, both in the case of those conducted by the government, and in several extensive sales of private limits, is manifestly in an gpposite direction. If we take the prices secured at these sales, and compare them with prices obtained by other methods of sale, only one conclusion can be reached as to the financial results accruing fron: the sale of timber limits by auction. How by private tender could such a concourse of buyers become interested in the sale of any limits as was shown to be the case at the last sale of the Ontario government, when the Legislative Chamber of the old parliament buildings was crowded with the shrewdest buyers from all parts of Canada and the United States? Relatively equal success, and similar conditions prevail- ed, at the extensive sale of the Mossom Boyd limits, in this city, more than a year ago, and the recent sale in Ottawa, two months ago, of the Perley and Pattee estate. The timber resources of this country are to-day precious enough to make it obligatory on any govern- ment to employ only the very best methods in disposing of these valuable assets. Lumbermen, we know, will always welcome such a system. EDITORIAL NOTES. THE Northern Advance, Barrie, in contending for a re-imposition of an export duty on logs, says: “So valua- ble were the logs on the other side of the lake that a number of the mill owners here who had timber limits purchased from the Ontario Government for a mere song, sold them at a big price to American buyers instead of cutting them at their own mills.” Lumber- men and others, who advocate a re-imposition of the log duty, are not without many and good arguments to support their case, but when our newspaper friend of Barrie gives as one reason for this step that Ontario limits, alleged to have been bought for a mere song, are being sold to American buyers at fancy prices, it is time to ask for facts. Prices paid for Ontario timber, of late years at goverment sales, have not run at trifling figures, and on the other hand, with the depression in the United States lumber markets, buyers from across the border are not paying extravagant prices even for so good an article as Canadian white pine. A CIRCULAR has recently been sent to all Michigan and Canadian pine owners by the Commissioner of Crown Lands here saying that the department are de- sirous of obtaining as close an estimate as it is possible to get at this season of the year of the quantity of saw logs and dimension of timber which will be exported from Ontario this summer to be sawed into lumber in the United States. The circular asks those to whom it is sent to furnish the Commissioner with the estimated quantity in feet, board measure, which he expects to ex- port, the berth from which it will be taken, the name or names of men from whom logs may be purchased in Canada, and the points from which they expect to clear their tows. Some of our Michigan lumbermen are inter- ‘preting the request fer information to mean a raising of crown dues on timber limits. In this connection it is also said that Michigan capitalists have been offered a large quantity of Canadian timber during the past win- ter, and in some cases crews have looked over limits, but the condition of the money market and trade causes them to hesitate in buying. RECENT tariff changes at Ottawa, placing lumber, shingles and other wood goods on the free list, is likely to cause considerable loss and unhealthy competition to Canadian, lumbermen in certain sections of the Do- minion. The Lake of the Woods mills estimate that the stocks held by them will be depreciated 15 per cent. by the change, which in the aggregate will be a severe loss. The Puget Sound shingle men have cut the price of shingles 10 cents a thousand, and with 20 per cent. duty taken off, they expect to be able to bring in their shingles to the North-West territories and out-bid the British Columbia shingle manufacturers. It may be that this competition will not stop with shingles, and with shingle manufacturing in Washington territory as demoralized as it has been for a year past, the temptation may be to bring shingles from this point further eastthan Manitoba. This is an instance where Mr. Foster's protective tariff does not protect. The Vancouver Board of Trade appre- hending trouble ahead have passed a resolution request- ing the Dominion Government to retain the duty on shingles until the Wilson bill comes into force. Then there would be free trade in lumber. AT a time when the provincial government is moving in the direction of establishing a forestry park for the better protection of our lumber interests, it is important to note the results of experiments by our neighbors across the border. The statement comes to us that New York State is already beginning to realize a profit from the purchase of Adirondack forest lands. It has recently sold the timber from 60,000 acres and the sum - realized for it was $250,000 or a little more than $4. per acre. No tree under twelve inches in diameter shall be cut down. This: provision is to apply to all sales, and it insures .a perpetual succession of valuable timber, which can be thinned out every few years. No trees are to be cut within 4oo feet of any lake or water front. This is in accordance with the European rule to preserve these water course from drying up. How necessary an effort of this kind is needed can be realised when we refer to the statement made at the foresty congress at Albany a few weeks ago by Secretary of Agriculture Morton, that 25,000 acres of timber land were stripped every twenty-four hours to supply the demands of the people of the United States for wood, for building, fuel and other purposes. SOMEBUDV is going to make a lot of money out of pine lands in northern Minnesota, says the Minneapolis Lumberman, especially on the lands up in the Duluth district before many years have gone by. There is an abundance of good timber up in the vicinity of Rainy lake, and when that region is developed with railroads and water transportation available, it will undoubtedly be a great lumbering district. Michigan men are already awakening to the fact that there is money in Duluth timber. Years ago they bought Michigan timber at the cheap prices it was then selling at, and since then they have become millionaires. They didn’t make their money out of lumber so much as out of timber lands, and they are of the opinion that the same condition of affairs will result in northern Minnesota before long, and they are backing their judgment with money. Sagi- naw men are sacrificing their present interests and are putting all the money they can get hold of into Minne- sota pine. compared with from $5 to $8 a thousand in Michigan is quite a difference, especially when lake rates from Duluth to Tonawanda are only $1.75. Such an advan- tage is hard to overcome. D. E. Sprague, of the Winnipeg saw mills, states that this season’s cut of logs has amounted to 3,500,000 feet. His camp is on the Rosseau river, near the Lake of the Woods, and there has been in his employ, during the past winter, up- wards of one hundred men. The logs will be floated down the river to the mill, i Stumpage at $2 a thousand near Duluth as ee Aa ee the policy of imposing export duties. Canadian government were desirous of putting on the ‘viso contained in the last paragraph as follows: OHN CHARLTON, M.P., interviewed on lumber matters, said : “In common with all other business interests having relations with the United States for market of production in whole or in part, the Canadian lumber interest would be much benefited by some defi- nite settlement of the tariff policy in that country, as trade in all departments seems likely to continue un- settled, and buyers indisposed to do more than meet re- quirements for immediate demands until it is known what tariff policy will be finally settled upon. The lum. ber trade outlook, however, is not a gloomy one; the production of logs last winter will probably fall some- what short ot that of the previous year. Nearly all of the mills in the Ottawa valley made highly favorable contracts several weeks ago, for the sale of the season’s cut of deals in the English market at a material advance on last year’s prices ; and the English market for deals continues strong with fair probability of a further ad- vance. As regards lumber which must find a market in the United States, prices are no lower than 12 months ago. One concern with a capacity of 40,000,000 has contracted 85 per cent. of its season’s cut for the American market at prices fully up to the scale of 12 months ago, and the market in this great centre of the lumber industry, I think, is not likely to weaken.” Mr. Charlton does not look for a reimposition of the export duty on logs. “If the American government,” said he, “outs lumber upon the free list, the Canadian government will not for a moment entertain the idea of returning to Even if the duty again, the provision of the Wilson bill as reported by the finance committee of the senate would render such a course impossible. Paragraphs 672 to 683, in- clusive, place upon the free list logs, timber, boards, clap- boards, bolts, ties, posts, lath, pickets, shingles, staves, etc., and all kinds of wood unmanufactured with a pro- *Pro- vided, that all the articles mentioned in paragraphs 672 to 683, inclusive, when imported from any country which lays an export duty on any of them, shall be subject to the duties existing prior to the passage of this act.’ This proyiso makes the consequence of imposing an export duty so serious that the Canadian government would not entertain for a moment the idea of doing it.” Along with others it is the opinion of Mr. Charlton that the spruce interest was not fairly dealt with at the time the McKinley bill became law. He said: “ In 1890 the Canadian government promised officially to remove the export duty upon logs of pine and spruce if congress re- duced the duty on lumber to $1. There was a tacit understanding that this should be done before the pro- mise was made, -but congress failed to reduec the spruce duties. The result came near being a failure to secure the repeal of the export duties. It was done reluctantly, ard with a feeling that the failure to reduce the spruce lumber duties by congress did not fall very far short of sharp practice. Since that time the spruce interest has stood for the reimposition of the export duty. Had con- gress made the same reduction upon spruce as upon pine lumber, this feeling would not have existed.” * & * & “We are keeping reasonably busy,” said Mr. George Cormack, of Whitby, whom I ran across inthe city a few days ago. “I have been fortunate enough to bag a good _ big order for white pine shingles that will keep me busy a larger part of the summer. Several of the mills are busy turning out the stock for us. It will all go across the lines.” Have you been there recently yourself? I asked. “Yes, not long back,” said Mr. Cormack. “There is no rush in lumber trade in the States. I am inclined to think that if the depression continues much longer, prices, which all along have kept very firm, will break. We are doing a very fair trade throughout the province.” THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 Mr. D. Gillies, M.P.P. for Pontiac, Que., has returned from the California Midwinter Fair, and whilst on the Pacific coast took occasion to make some investigations of the lumber trade of British Columbia. He has great hopes of the future of lumber in that province. Asa large owner of limits in the Ottawa valley, he expressed the opinion that just as the supplies in that section and in other parts of the Dominion become exhausted we would be obliged to look to British Columbia for lumber. In time, he thought, we would have to look to that province entirely for our supplies. He did not think the Wilson Bill would effect the price of lumber, but it would materially increase trade, and thus be a great benefit to shippers in British Columbia. See es Hi a The names of John Donogh and Jos. Oliver, consti- tuting the firm of Donogh & Oliver, lumber merchants, have ever stood high in trade and monetary circles, both in the city and out of it. They are two manly fellows. As is my wont, when nearing publication day, I dropped in on these gentlemen, at their comfortable offices in the Board of Trade building, a few days ago. ‘“ Not very much to say about lumber trade these times,” said Mr. Donogh. “ Business is rather slow and we’re just moving along hoping for better times after a while. In our own city and country, of course, there is always something going, but there is nothing very big to look forward to this season. We send our largest shipments of lumber to the United States and business there is, undoubtedly, dull. Trade has not really recovered from the depression of last summer, and, if anything, the past few months have been relatively duller than ever.” “How about prices?” I remarked. ‘* Well,” replied Mr. Donogh, “these continue to hold up splendidly. It is the encouraging feature of the trade, indicating a solid confidence in the future of lumber.” At the bottom of the present trouble, I suggested, tariff uncei tainty likely rested. “There is the difficulty,” said Mr. Donogh. “Mr. Oliver has just returned from a trip through the Eastern States, and he will be able to give you current opinion first hand.” ‘Ask me something easy,” was the response from this genial knight of the road, for every one, almost anywhere in Ontario and a large district of the neighboring republic, who touches lumber, knows “Joe” Oliver, and like him. “I was after orders,” said Mr. Oliver. “And got some, doubtless,” was my re- sponse. “Oh, yes!” he said, “we usually get there, even though we may not do as much as we would like. You ask me about the tariff. It is causing the chief trouble in lumber circles. Whether it is to be on or off no one can now tell, and consequently no one will buy stocks beyond immediate requirements, and the capital- ists of the lumber trade are not going to make invest- ments in lumber until they know just where they stand. As a result, I can say to you, that lumber business in the States, just now, is mighty dull. It had been sup- posed that if anything at all went through in the way of tariff changes it would be lumber, but the question is now in the Senate and the struggle has become so prolonged it looks as though nothing would go through. Lumbermen are saying settle the thing. They don’t care now which way it goes, but let us know where we stand.” “It really looks,” continued Mr. Oliver, after an interruption from an office source, “as if these Democrats were going to fool long enough with the question to allow the Republicans to come back into power again, and then we may whistle for free lumber or any other change in that line. What fools these fellows are. They get everything in their hands snug and tight, and are hardly more than comfortably seated in their chairs before they throw away every advantage they have gained. There is no cohesion among them. Every man has his own little hobby.to run, and we see the result. I was going to say, they remind me of a certain political party in this country, but I guess I had better stop there, or my friend Donogh and some of the rest of you may get mad,” said Mr. Oliver, as he left us to look after some matters of business. When news went abroad at Ottawa a fortnight ago, that the sawmills would commence work the following Monday, men flocked from all directions to get employment, and when the hour of starting came it was computed that a thousand men were on the ground ready to be employed. HOME MADE OIL FILTER. CORRESPONDENT of Power gives the following description of a home-made oil filter which he has found to work successfully: It is made of anold oil can that will hold about 4o gallons. Inside this is placed a galvanized iron or tin tube, raised from the bottom by a couple of sticks and projecting about six inches =m PURE-o1= GOA ESD Q : EOFs HOME-MADE OIL FILTER. above the top of the can. Thecan and tube are then partly filled with clean sawdust, with a layer of waste or cloth on top,tas indicated in the sketch. The impure oil is poured into the tube, filters down through the waste and sawdust and up again in the can, whence it may be drawn off through the cock as needed. By pouring ina few buckets of hot water first, you havea water filter for the oil, as it will pass through the filtering material in the same way. I have made two filters in this way, at slight expense, and they work all right. THE PANAMA CANAL. CABLE from Paris says that Edmond Bartissol, a civil engineer, who helped pierce the Isthmus of Seuz, has made public his plan for completing the Panama canal. He proposes to build a stone tunnel about Io kilometers (or 6 miles) long. Water from the Chagres river would be conducted by shafts to this tunnel, and there be used to carry to the Pacific the soil already excavated from the canal bed and thrown in the way of the current. The canal could be com- pleted by such means in four years, M. Bartissol estimates, at a maximum expense of 500,000,000 francs. This plan was submitted some time ago to the Techni- cal Commission of the Panama Canal Company. TRADE NOTES. THE Waterous Co., of Brantford, report recent machinery sales as follows :— No. 3 Allis Band Mill, to the Huntsville Lumber Co., with band saw tools, wood grinder, to convert their refuse into chips, to be fed with saw- dust to their boiler, with automatic fuel feeder. A similar plant to Graham, Horne & Co., Fort William, and two other band mills to Warren Curtis, Three Rivers. With these latter mills was sent one of their steel saw mill carriages of new design, one of the heaviest and strongest mill carriages built in Canada; also a Prescott direct acting steam feed, 42 feet long, a double Kelly log kicker or double deck unloader, and two Hill’s patent stationary steam niggers. By the first of the month they will ship the same firm two 150 horse-power engines. A fifth band mill will be shipped the end of this month to G. & G. Flewelling, Hampton, N.B., together with saw carriage, double edger, live rolls and other machinery. Ship- ment has just been made of a saw carriage, edger, lath machinery, conveyors, &c., to Humphrey and Tries, Moncton, N.B., a saw frame and carriage to Mr. McKiernon, Eganvale, and another to Jesse Cooke, Zephyr. NEWS AND NOTES. There is still sleighing in the lumber woods around Kippewa lake. Four of the Shepard-Morse lumber camps in that district are still in full blast. Navigation has opened earlier this spring near Chats lake than for 20 years. There are 200,000 logs in the Schneauix bovin to be towed. The annual meeting of the Alberta Lumber Co., was held recently. A satisfactory report of the past year’s business was presented, and the following directors were elected for the en- suing year: H. J. Dexter, W. G. Bell, Winnipeg ; H.B. Baird, Westby Fallowes ; James Robertson, Minneapolis. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] UCH has been said and written here at various times about the sawdust nuisance of the Ottawa river. Pro- tests inthe House of Commons, and out of it, have been entered, and the law has, at different times been called into requisition to abate this alleged nuisance. But the mills here grind out the sawdust in as large quantities as ever, and it finds a home A fresh effort to remedy the trouble is now being made in the case of Ratte v. Booth, a petition to the Privy Council of Canada having been prepared, asking that the sawdust nuisance in the Ottawa river be ended. It alleges that these deposits of sawdust constitute a serious interference with the public rights of navigation, that they lower the value of property along the banks of the river and are liable to cause increasing damage as time passes. It is suggested in the petition that the refuse of saw mills can be economically utilized or the destruction thereof easily and suc- cessfully accomplished. It is asked of the government to place Ottawa river, between the Chaudiere falls and McKay’s bay and the Gatineau river, from the mill pond above Gilmour & Co.’s mill.at Chelsea, to its mouth, under the provisions of the Fisheries Act and the Act for the Protection of Navi- gable Waters. The latter of the statutes expressly declares that no owner or@tenant of any saw mill or any workman therein or other person shall throw sawdust, edgings, slabs or rubbish into any navigable river or stream. The extent to which the river is being obstructed by the sawdust is not com- monly known, but the engineer of the Gatineau Valley railway in making soundings recently between Nepean point and Hull found 68 feet of sawdust in the bottom of the river. in the Ottawa river as usual. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. The fear grows that a good many logs on the smaller streams will be ‘‘ hung up” owing to a lack of water. The ice has gone out of the Ottawa but there is no percepti- ble rise of the water. Towing in the Ottawa, between Ottawa and the Chats lake, _is now in full swing. The tugs have begun taking down the logs of the lake, most of which, however, are of last year’s drives. Both big and little mills of the Bronson & Weston Lumber Company are cutting, giving employment to about 300 hands. Green lumber is beginning to come up in large quantities from the lower yard of the Canada Atlantic railway at the Chaudiere. The majority of the piling grounds at Rochester- ville, Stewartson and Hurdmans are pretty well filled up on account of the slackness of shipping during the past winter. Orrawa, Can., April 26, 1894. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HE lumber trade, at least the shingle manufacturers, are somewhat agitated over the news that has reached them from Puget Sound, that the shingle association there has decid- ed to cut the prices of shingles toc. per thousand. Manufac- turers here realize, unless they are ready to make a similar cut, that the Puget Sound shingle men will capture a large amount of their trade with Manitoba and the North-West, especially since the change in tariff, removing the duty of shingles. It is calculated that under this arrangement American manufacturers would be able to discount British Columbia men by about 3oc. per thousand. Just what the decision of our shingle men will be, it is a little difficult to say, as this unanimity of prices fixed by the British Columbia association was expected to level up the losses that had been made by over production and ruinous competition in shingles in this province for some time past. Duty on shingles under the old tariff was 207% ad valorem, which was sufficient to keep American shingles out of the market. COST OF LUMBERING. The lumber trade, altogether, in the province is not in the healthiest condition. We have suffered, as do all new provin- ces, with over production and a cutting of prices that is usually ‘to be associated with this practice. The volume of business during the past year has been considerable, but for the reason stated it has not been done at much profit. We learn that pine in Ontario is being sold at $7.00 on the stump. Our magnifi- cent timbers do not net perhaps more than that f. 0. b. Con- siderable of our lumber goes to Australia in cargo, but largely on speculation. It is sold by auction, and does not net the mills more than about $7.25 per thousand feet. It is calculated that it costs $4.00 to bring these immense logs from stump to the mill. Government dues are 50c. Sawing costs $2.00, so that the cost of production almost touches $7,00. Time will prol- ably remedy these evils, for if there is any truth in the forestry _ estimates that are made of the amount of timber in other parts of the Dominion, and particularly in Ontario, it cannot be a great while before the rest of the Dominion will have to look to British Columbia for their supplies. In the meantime, we do, as other youngsters do, as you have done in Ontario, I fancy, act prodigal-like with our riches. COAST CHIPS. A number of new charters are reported, including the Brit- ish ship Astoria, to load lumber at the Hastings mill. The British ship Grace Harwar, now at Yokohama, and the British bark Xanthippe, at Honolulu, these also to load at the Hast- ings mill. The American schooner Aida, and the Chilian bark India, are loading at Moodyville. Ship ‘‘ Thermapylae,” of Victoria, Capt. Winchester, is loading 800 at B. S. M. Co., for Shanghai, some sticks measuring 22 x 22x 100 and 82x 24x- 100. Mr. S. M. Wharton is building a sawmill at New. Denver. Messrs. Bailey & Sparks sawmill, Vancouver, was burnt on 7th inst., loss about $2,000. New WesrMInster, B.C., April 25, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. HE mills are commencing to resume operations. 2,000,000 feet are being cut by Barnhill for the Australian market. King Bros’, mill, it is said, will be idle this summer. At the annual meeting of the St. John River Log Driving Company, the following officers were elected. President, C. I’. Woodman ; secretary-treasurer, J. F. Gregory; directors, C. F. Woodman, David Keswick, George Barnhill, John A. Morrison, Robert Connors. The company expects to handle 100,000,000 feet of logs this season. A number of export shipments have gone forward during the month including about 100,000 feet of deals for Belfast, Ireland, 185,000,000 feet of long lumber for Buenos Ayres and a cargo for Barbadoes and Bermuda. Some 6,000,000 shingles, 2,500,000 lath and about 2,000,000 feet of deals etc., have gone forward to United States markets. The lumber cut in Cumberland county, N.S., is given as follows: Young Bros. & Co. have 3,000,000 to saw at River Herbert, and 5,000,000 at Half Way lake; Kelly Bros. 3,000,000 on river Herbert ; B. B. Barnhill, 3,000,000 at Two Rivers; Prescott, Gillespie & Co., 3,500,000 at Shulee; the Shulee Lumber Company about the same quantity ; Chas. T, White between 6,000,000 and 8,000,000 at Apple river; E. I. White, 1,500,000 at Sand river. A lot of piling has also been got out at the head of the bay. Eighteen inches of snow fell in St. John a week ago. Nothing so severe has been known here since 1847. Kilburn & McIntosh cut 6,000,000 feet of timber in Quebec, near the New Brunswick border, this season. Unless a revival takes place in shingles, the mills of the province will cut very light this summer. ST. JOHN, N.B., April 23, 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] ITH navigation opened we are hoping for a turn in the tide of lumber, for there is no use denying that the closing six months of 1893 and the opening months of the new year were full of dreadful dullness. But how far our hopes are to materialize in actual business is just doubtful. Indications at present do not point to a large lumber trade this spring. They have been keeping up with remarkable firmness, when we re- member how dull trade has been, but these conditions cannot be expected to continue, not at least if trade is to remain slow during spring and summer. Prices, I think, it is safe to say will show a decline. BITS OF LUMBER, It is anticipated that a good many logs will be towed from Canada to the Saginaw river this season and the towing com- panies are preparing for this work. C. A, Merril who is foreman of the Spanish River Lumber Company’s mill at Spanish River, Ont., and who has resided in Bay City during the winter, has returned to his post for summer work. It is currently reported that S. C. Fisher has purchased 5,000,000 feet of Canadian logs to be brought to Bay City to be manufactured and that he anticipates securing another lot of 20,000,000. The lumber firm of Begole, Fox & Co., who have been in business at Flint, Mich., for 27 years, have dissolved partnership. The firm will go out of business. A Toronto tug is busy in these parts picking up the logs belonging to H. M. Loud & Sons, of Au Sable, which broke loose from Tonawanda and went over Niagara Falls. The shingle trade is unusually quiet, the depression here being more acute than in lumber. May, 1894 C. K, Eddy & Son’s mill will not commence running until June, and their main stocks will come from Canada. SAGINAW, Mich., April 25, 1894. TRENTON LETTER. (Correspondence of CANADA LUMBERMAN]. HE outlook for.a good lumber trade in this vicinity is very encourageing this spring, and already American buyers are negotiating for their season’s purchases. Prices continue about. the same in all lines, and until the tariff question is finally de- cided it is not likely there will be any important change. Navigation is open here, and driving operations on the back rivers and lakes are in fullswing Messrs. Gilmour & Company, of this place, have started to drive the logs cut in the old limits last winter, and expect to bring the head of the drive into Belleville about the 30th, inst., where the logs will be sorted, and finally towed to the Trenton mills. Wages continue about the same as last year, and good hands are plenty on the river. The ice has all left the lakes around here, and the only draw- back to the driving is a scarcity of water, but notwithstanding this obstacle the logs are being rushed through very rapidly. The mills at Trenton will start about the 28th inst., with new improvements ; and a large cut is expected. Mr. David Gilmour, who has been spending the winter at Menton, Fiance, is expected home in time to see the first logs transformed into good merchantable lumber, and Mr. Allan Gilmour is also making arrangements to leave his Ottawa home for Trenton. The steamer ‘‘D. R. VanAllen” has already moved several cargoes of wintered lumber to Oswego, and local shipments are quite heavy for this season of the year. { Just at present all interest is centred in Gilmour & Co.’s new limits, where the tramway is situated. Ten shanties have been in active operation all winter, and about 20,000,000 feet is the result of the season’s work. These logs are now being towed to the tramway, or logway, to be taken over the height of land separating the Muskoka and Trent waters, a distance of about two miles. A test will be made in about two weeks, and the opinion of all the expert engineers who have visited the place is that the result will be highly satisfactory. It is the desire of the company to have logs in Crow Bay this year from the new limits, and “everything points to a suc- cessful completion of their plans. TRENTON, Ont., April 26, 1894. CANADIAN SHIPMENTS TO THE U.S. CCORDING to the United States Treasury state- ment, the importation of lumber from Canada to the United States for 1893 was as follows :— LONG LUMBER: Total quantity, both rough and planed, feet, 692,218,010. Duty collected on white pine, hemlock and bass- wood, at $1 a thousand. (2.5.5 sa ace »$ 529,262 93 Additional) for dressing ;. 5.925. e0. eo eee : 7,282 53 Duty collected on spruce, oak, elm, etc., at $2 a thousand. ......... 0.20 New York SHURLY & DIETRICH w*** THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES =e AT, COP Sana TETIPIVITBIUIVGTTT VTA VV EVV WP VY WW WY WV dV YN VV VY DV VV VOY VT VI PY VOY OVO WV BTV PV PNT EY SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET CHEMICAL PROGESS OF TEMPERING : : Our Silver Steel Saws are Unequalled The Parmenter FOR DRYING LUMBER, SHINGLES, Patent Dry Riln STAVES, HEADING, ETC. ee For further information see first page, and address J. S. PARMENTER, Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Adver- tisements must be received not later than the 24th of each month to insure insertion in the following issue. ess HAVING BLACK ASH LUMBER and Cedar Fence Posts for sale send us Particu- lars. Rosert THomson & Co., 103 Bay St., Toronto. \ X JE WANT ALL KINDS OF HARDWOODS. Will pay cash. ROBERT THOMSON & COR 103 Bay Street, Toronto. pee HEMLOCK, DIMENSION LUMBER, hardwood flooring, cedar shingles, piles, sawdust, etc., write J. E. MURPHY, lumberman, Hepworth station, Ont. WANTED pB2sewoop LUMBER, BY CAR OR CARGO. Offers invited. Address ‘‘ Baswood,” care of Canapa LUMBERMAN. Ves AND SHINGLE MILL FOR sale in the Village of Dundalk; this is good new so-horse power mill; will run lumber and shingles at same time; plenty of stock can be bought in the locality for four or five years at a ca erat rate. Apply to Joun Irwin, Brampton, nt. WANTED SITUATION S BAND SAW FILER, NINE YEARS’ EX- perience; also thoroughly practical on Rotarys. Steady and temperate ; good references. Best offer in December for next season and earliest to work, gets me.—H. HOWE, South Boardman, Mich. SAW MILL CAPACITY 15,000 FEET pes WATER AND RAILWAY FACILITIES for shipping. Hard and soft wood limits in con- nection, Will be sold cheap. Address ‘““W,” CANADA LuMBERMAN. FOR SALE OR TO LET oa FRAME PLANING MILL AND Carpenter Shop—Vine Avenue, Toronto Junction, including boiler and engine, with or without machinery; size of building, 40x120 ft.; steam heated ; stable, store: house, office, and large yard in connection ; can be utilized for any manufacturing business. Apply, J. P. WAGNER, Toronto Junction. —_—_———=_————— COMMISSIONS es ADVERTISER CAN SECURE BIG prices for black ash, basswocd, elm and maple in New York and surrounding markets, best of references given. Send lists of stock on hand. No shipment on consignment. Bona fide orders sent you before ship- ment. Address “‘ Commissions,” care of CANADA LUMBER- MAN. FOR SALE \ eee ROWAN SASH AND DOOR FACTORY and Sawmill and Shingle Mulls. The Factory is fitted with new 6o-h.p. steel boiler, also with follow- ing new machinery by Macgregor and Gourlay, of Galt. - Large Matcher and Planer combined, Band Saw, Power Mortiser, Shafter, Jointer and Sandpaperer. Apply, Box 16, Port Rowan, Ont. LOGGING TRAMWAY FOR SALE About three miles of 25 1b. T-Rail; 12 Logging Cars complete, and a Shay Locomotive N GOOD CONDITION, FOR SALE ON AD- vantageous terms. For further particulars apply to JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front Street West, Toronto. '. FIRE PROOF ROOFING ' ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE METALLIC ROOFING © /MANUFACTURERS, TORONTO WRITE FOR DISCOUNTS RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS NEY. AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. FOR SALE From 5 to 6 Million Feet of First-class Vi WHITE PINE SAW LOGS ESE LOGS ARE THE FIRST CUT FROM new timber limits; choice quality; are cut prin- cipally 16 feet long, and average from 5 to 6 logs per 1,000 feet, and can be delivered in the Georgian Bay by the rst of June, 1894. For particulars apply to J. D. SHIER, : Bracebridge. MACHINERY FOR SALE NE 18x20 ENGINE IN GOOD ORDER, with 7-inch shaft 814 feet long, on which are two large pulleys and fly wheel, ro feet diameter. Will be sold cheap. Also a THREE BLOCK CARRIAGE, Sewrey’s make, with three Boss Dogs—V track—in first-class order ; two Heavy Slush Chains, with Zear ; one Circular Saw Mandrill, 30-inch Pulley, guides, tightener, etc. ; one 40-inch smoke stack, 70 feet long; four Lumber Trucks ; eight 2-wheel Lorries for sorting platform ; one Shingle Saw Jointer (new); one Friction Nigger. Apply to MICKLE, DYMENT & SON, GRAVENHURST. Roohester BrOS : : GOMMISSION AGENTS Limits bought and sold on commission. Limits trav- elled and carefully prepared. Estimates given. Some first-class berths on the North Shore of Lake Haron and on the Upper Ottawa now in our hands for sale. Communications confidential. References given. 36 Rochester St. OR ta Wea CHAS CLUTHE OPPOSITE ROSSIN HOUSE! K ‘TORONTO, CAN. ING SEW. May, 1894 MAGHINERY FOR SALE RIE CANADA MACHINERY & SUPPLY Co. J.d. TURNER & SON .. Sail, Tent and Awning Maker.. 251 George St. and 154 King St. PETERBOROUGH Canoe, Yacht and Boat Sails made to order. Perfect Fits Guaranteed. Every description of Lumbermen’s Supplies and Waterproof Clothing. WILLIAM FOSTER Lumber and Commission Merchant RECEIVER AND FORWARDER OF LUMBER, LATH AND SHINGLES . .. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED... OWEN SOUND, ONT. CHAS W. MACK CANADIAN MANUFACTURER OF Bucks Patent Flexible or Pneumatic Frand Stamp The only Stamp ever made that will print perfectly on Rough, Uneven, Convex, Concave, Plain, or Vield- ing Surfaces, or for any purpose where a Clear, Sharp and Perfect Impression is desired, 11 KING ST. WEST, TORONTO ; : SEND FOR PRICE LIST : : Buy the Beste a The “WHITING” Saw-Set FOR CROSS-CUTS ONLY WARRANTED | The only SWAGE SET made SAMPLE BY MAIL, PREPAID, 85c, R. DILLON — - OsHAWA, ONT. MANUFACTURERS OF Dealers in all kinds of New and Second-Hand Machinery and Mill Supplies. ¢ NGINES.—One 15x20, one 12x18, one 1114x18, two 10x14, three 9x12, one 8x.2, and a large num- ber of smaller sizes. OILERS.—One 60 inches by 14 feet, two 56 inches by 14 feet, one 52 inches by 12 feet, one 48 inches by 12 feet, one 44 inches by 12 feet, and a large number of smaller sizes, also portable fire box boilers, ATER WHEELS.—One 36 inch Leffel, four 30% inch Leffel, one zo inch Barber-Harris, in case, one 17% inch Leffel, one 17% inch Little Giant, five 15% inch Leffels. OTE.—Send for our new CaTALoGur for descrip- tions of above, also for Saw Mitts, Iron AND WoopworKINnG Macuinery, Grist Mitts, Laru, SHINGLE AND HEADING Mixts, and all kinds of Mill Supplies. Address the CANADA MACHINERY & SUPPLY CO., Brantford, Ont. hk iP. YOO <«s THB te NI & PERE MARO RAILROAD FROM Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAW AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MI. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company’s line of steamships across Lake Michigan. 4 The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all Canadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This road traverses a section of Michigan with unri- valled advantages to settlers, Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions ; a market for every product of Forest and Field The policy of the ‘“F. & P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. GENERAL OFFices: - SAGINAW, MICH. ait bitin Lliily : : For SAW MILL WORK our Belting is specially prepared to resist moisture. : : F. E. DIXON BELTING GO. MANUFACTURERS OF Star Rives Leather Belting 70 King St. East, Toronto Every Lumberman wants it 55 cents buys it Soribnér’s Lumber and L0d Book SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, PRACTICAL INFORMATION Address : ‘THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 15 May, 1894 A. ALLAN, President J. O. GRAVEL, Secretary-Treasurer J. J. McGILL, Manager F. SCHOLES, Managing-Director Ganadlan KUdDEr GOMpany Capital $2,000,000.00. of MONTREAL, TORONTO and WINNIPEG \ ee |= wes IM Awe An ay Oper, < 5/6 FORSYTH ScaMml6ss RUDDEF Belting ocaMmléss TUD6 HOS6 These Patents we control for Canada MONTREAL. SUPERIOR QUALITY ROBBER GOODS for Mechanical Purposes 5 9 HEAD OFFICES AND FACTORY: Western Branch: Corner Yonce aND Front STREETS TORONTO eat. WALKER - Manager. Representative Lumber Manufacturers and Dealers Town Railway, Express, or nearest Shipping Point NAME Ottawa, Ont.......... Ottawa; Ont.........< Parry Sound, Ont..... Parry Sound, Ont..... Muskoka Mills, Ont... Alexandria, Ont....... Almonte, Ont......... Barrie, Ones <2... ni)... Barrow Bay, Ont...... Blind River, Ont...... Bobcaygeon, Ont...... Barrie; Ont........-.-%.-+ Waubaushene, Ont.... Calabogie, Ont........ Callander, Ont........ Collins Inlet, Ont...... Glammis, Ont......... Hamilten, Ont........ Huntsville, Ont........ Hamilton, Ont........ Keewatin, Ont........ Utterson Parry Sound.... MO GLEICG ASO oes eae (na aRIVer.. 2c. eee Fenelon Falls......... EAGT ebacel eis v ars o's « cieviers Calabogie Callander, G.T.R. .... Collins Inlet .......... Pinkerton Huntsville and Katrine SE WAELN 2 ajeie iene onieie Keewatin, Ont........ Keewatin.. Lakefield, Ont......... Lakefield .. Little Current, Ont..../Sudbury... London, Ont.......... ONG setsie rie alenisn vs Longford Mills, Ont...|Longford............. Norman, Ont.......... UNOWENAI so neice sini w on oe Mowise Ones. ene. ss Elmwood, G.T.R...... Toronto, Ont.......... Warren, '©.P2R) ....5. Toronto, Ont...... -...|Cache Bay, Ont....... Toronto, Ont., Stony Lake....... Toronto, Ont.......... Doronto, Ont...-..... Toronto, Ont.......... Toronto, Ont.......... Foronto; Ont.......... EROLONEO! «en. «fo ver + = Toronto, Ont.:....:... Wiarton, Ont.......... Montreal, Que. Montreai, Que. ae Moodyville, B.C....... New Westminster, B.C. Canterbury, N.B...... Bridgewater, N.S...... South River, Ont...... ualkefield: 2.5 .c080 ass New Westminster..... New Westminster..... Canterbury Stn. ....., Bridgewater .......... South River, G.T.R... Ay i bb (yaa 2 a 38 cl .|Dufresne, O. Jr. & Frere...... F BusINESS Power, Style and Daily Capacity PROOEN ei]. (its: «| p\n:lclapaWeusheueteusicl awe Bronson & Weston Lumber Co..... Conger Lumber Co............ -|Parry Sound LumberCo......... Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Head Office, Arcade, 24 King st. w., Toronto McPherson, Schell & Co. Caldwell, A. &Son........... Dyment & Mickle............ Barrow Bay Lumber Co., Limited. . Blind River Lumber Co......... Boyd, Mossom & Co........... IBYIrtOn BrOScrcecslersdc sis slieus ov .8i Georgian Bay Consolid. Lumber Co. Hd. office arcade 24 King st. w., Toronto Carswell, Thistle & McKay...... John B. Smith & Sons ........ Head Office, Strachan Ave., Toronto Collins Inlet LumberCo......... MeIntyre; Ne @ As oo cs cc nsw o BRADLEY, MORRIS & REID CO. . Heath, Taitand Turnbull....... Thomson, Robert &Co. ........ Dick, Banning & Co........... Keewatin Lumber & Mfg. Co..... .|Lakefield Lumber Mfg. Co. ...... Howry, J. W. &Sons.......... Gordon, James ..0... 60.284. es Longford Lumber Co........... Minnesota & Ontario Lumber Co. S. B. Wilson &Son........... The Imperial Lumber Co., Limited. . Davidson, Hay &Co........... S.J. Wilson &Co............ ig DiC Wrist Sey Gen Clan ECC. Donogh & Oliver Victoria Harbor LumberCo....... W. WN. McEachren &Co........ James Tennant & Co.......... DeLaplante & Bowden......... James McBain Reid. .......... SHEARER & BROWN ......... MOODYVILLE SAWMILL CO..... Brunette Sawmill €Co.......... James Morrison & Son......... DAVIDSON, E.D. &SONS...... South River Lumber Co., Ltd. ..., .|White and Red Pine Lumber, Bill Stuff, Lath .|Lumber, Wholesale and Retail -|Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Hdwds., Whol. Lumber, Wholesale and Retail............-.... 2 Sawmills, White and Red Pine, Wholesale... . Lumber, Wholesale and Retail Saw, Shingle and Lath Mills, Pine, Wholesale. . W. Pine Lumber, Lath and Bill Stuff, all lengths. Cheese Box Factory, Pine, Spruce, Cedar ...... Sawmill, Pine, Lumber, Hemlock, Hardwoods. . Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Cedar, Hardwoods...... Saw, Shingle and Heading Mill, Pine, Cedar Oak, Oak Railway Ties, Paving Blocks ...... 2 Saw, Sh. and Lath Mls., Pine, Hem., Bl. Birch Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................- Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. ESeLO My Ape eile s ete miele oialetteedsicinc cle ecbsisyw ators Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. PETLG) SAMIR S ora pete talon hls ine tpn evo ns eoy is nielnie alee Lumber, Pine, Oak, Ash, Birch, Whol. and Ret. Saw, Shingle and Lath Mill, Timber Lands, Hemlock, Pine, Lumber, Hardwoods......... Lum., Tim., Pine, Hem., Hwds., Whol. and Ret. Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Hardwoods... Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hardwoods............. Sawmill, Pine, Hardwoods, Wholesale. . Saw, Lath, Sh. and Pl. Mill, Moving Posts Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Exp. and dlr. in Am. Hwds, made to specification Saw and Plan. Mill, Tim. Lands and Logs, Pine Hardwoods, Shingles, Lath, Handles........... PU Gh yh ciereleras jel ev ekeae sm era os snr hates atatctaseie stay, W. Pine, Lath, Shingles, Dim. Timber, Car Sills Pine and Hardwood, Wholesale...........-.... Mtb ery AWW HOLESALey fers ieie.s.ce enisiets pie le vis © asses nin Lumber, Wholesale 3 Saw, Shingleand Lath Mills, White Pine, Whol. emiber,, Wholesales < jcc se eis man ceris sm kienie C Lumber, Lath, Shingles, etc., Wholesale........ Pine and Hardwood Lumber, Whol. and Retail. Ry. and Ship Timber, any required dimensions. . 3 Sawmills, Lumber, Barrel Heads............. 4 Sawmills, Oak, Ash, Elm, Pine, Hem., Dim... Sawmills, P. Fin, Spruce, Cedar, Hardwoods... Saw and Planing Mills, Sash, Doors and Blinds. Fir, Cedar, Spruce, Hardwoods.............. Sawmill. Pine, Hardwoods.............0+e0e08% 5 Saw, Shgle. and Lath Mills, Pine, Spr., Hwds. Pine, Spruce, Birch, Hemlock, Shingles........ Steam, Circular and Band Mill Water, Gang and Band, 450m Water, Gang, Circular, Saw gom, Shingles 7om, Lath 30m 2 Mills, Water, 1 Band, 2 Gangs and 3 Circulars. ae ay gee: Moieaiockerinkatente, Satay Steam, Circular, 4om Steam, Circular, 16m Stm., Band, Cir., S. 75m, Sh. 60m Waubaushene mill, stm., 200m; Pt. Severn mill, water, 120m Steam, Circular, 25m Steam, Circular, 4m Steam, Circular Water, Band and Circular, room Steam, Circular, 2om. 80 M. per day, Stm., 2 Cir. Saws Stm, 2 Band, Cir. & Gang, 140m Steam, Circular, 15m. om. Stm., Cir., Gang and Band, 140m om. Com. Stm.,Wr., Cir., Port. & Sta., rom Steam, Circular and Band, 50m 2 Stm., 2 Wat., Band, Cir., 4om Steam, Circular, 20m Steam, Gang and Circular Steam, Circular, 38m Water, Circular and Gang, 200m Stm.. Cir., 40m, Shingles, 35m, Lath, 15m Lumbermen desirous of being represented in this Directory can obtain information in regard to rates by communicating with the Publisher. The Montreal Gar Whesl 60. ... MANUFACTURERS OF.... Charcoal Iron Chilled RAILROAD WHEELS OFFICES: NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL Works: LACHINE, QUEBEG We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 JAK TANNED BELTING THE J.C.M?LAREN BELTING C2 montreat 16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN May, 1894 Hike YOUR LOGS “ss* Or Difficult and Expensive to bring to your large Mill ‘Take— PORTABLE Ie SAW & MILL -: 1? To themes Our Portable Mills will cut them as well and as cheaply per thousand as the average run of large mills. WRITE US ton PRICES Handle your Mill Re- fuse, Lumber, Ete. . with = EPWART LINK 3 BELTING Most Economical and Easily applied. NEW IMPROVED Rigid Saw Frame Cast in One Piece. Saves its cost in wages every year. § Send for Prices. COTTON BELT MADE Sa BAND AND CIRCULAR WATEROUS SAW MILLS ENGINES BOILERS- BRA NTFORD BRICK MACHINERY cahens HIGH GRADE C A N A DA GRIP PULLEYS MACHINERY Takes any size of Saw up to 60 inches. Improved Saw Guide, adjusted with screws. Outer arm throws up to permit saw to be removed. Heavy Steel Mandrel running in Reservoir Oil Boxes. Iron fender for boards to drop on, &c. May, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 T= NEW ALLIS BAND MILL Is far ahead of the original Allis Band. It was, in its day, greatly in advance of other American Band Mills, which to-day remain practically unchanged. SOME SPECIAL FEATURES ARE TOP WHEEL Hangs in centre of arbor and arbor is centrally located on the extra heavy column, slotted to receive wheel. PATENT TENSION DEVICE, All parts of which are connected with the supports of Top Wheel, so that changing saws, even of different lengths, does not affect the position or action of the Tensioning Device. oy ) ra j : é { wT a . allt N f Ih (| Sh 7 | ) alll /4 ] \ h y 4 i K li | ) = lieves arms and rim of all shrinkage strain, permitting high Hl bs 1 el speed with safety. Arms very broad, no number with Perl } | g ||| yn Fi j | i Ninmctll ze LOWER WHEEL Has the “Allis” Patent Hub which re- staggered connections to hub and rim. RIGHT OR LEFT HAND. Can be readily changed at will to either hand. SHORT SAWS, 45 feet and shorter with 8 foot wheels which can be brought within 8” of each other. LARGE FALLING DOWN SPACE. No. 3 has 54’. Nos, 1 and 2—60”. VERY DEEP :CUT_-fr length of saws. No. 3 has 44”. No. 2—48”. No. 1—72”. 4 WELL PROPORTIONED. Weight placed where strength and solidity required. vualll [77 Most simple to erect and run. Most popular Mill in Canada and States. ALLIS “te CO: SOLD 49 BAND MILLS IN 1893 >. aa ORDER NOW. . Change to Band easily made Entire cost will bee more than. repaid by. . : - _ : ee S SNGGSRRKR eS savin g in. mn 0 po “a NS = WHE “ARCS " : Hn << SS, thnestecn ee E 4 ae, > \ \ . NS “NEW ALLIS” BANDS IN CANADA Ist APRIL, 1894. Gitmour & HuGHsOoN, (2) Hull, Que. WE MANUFAGTURE UNDER LIGENSE FROM PATENTBE Hill’s Patent Steam Niggers, Steam Kickers or Single and Double Deek Log Unloaders; Z : Steam Cushioned Prescott Steam Feed, Steam Cut-off Saw. GiLmMouR & Co., Trenton, Ont. . ; Hunrsvitt—E LumsBer Co., Huntsville, Ont. Allis’ Patent Double Valve Prescott Feed, also Plain Prescott Steam Feed. GRAHAME, Horne & Co., Fort William, Ont. . . ; : iter Comshicy, Tice Rivers, Ou. Gurder Steel Carriages for Circulars or Band Mills. G. & G. FLEWELLING Co., Hampton, N.B. ei Hy WATEROUS HERRILL’S SLAB & EDGING GRINDERS SS: Scho sa Correspondence Solicited BRANTFORD b- fed automatically SSS with band sawdust, an od 3 Ae é HIGH GRADE giving plenty of steam, saving labor of one or more men : 3: : CANADA MACHINERY THE CANADA LUMBERMAN H. G. ROSS & CO. Real Estate, Fire and Life Insurance SHIPPING AND GBNERAL COMMISSION AGENTS - . - TIMBER LIMITS AND FARMING LANDS A SPECIALTY A.B.C. Cope CaBLe Appress: ‘‘ROSS” CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED Box 272 Fr. P. EGHARDT & GO. — WHOLESALE GROCERS Lumbermen’s Supplies a specialty...... eee wee Correspondence solicited HP. ECKARDT & GO. - 5 FRONT ST. EAST, TORONTO J. W. MAITLAND H. RIXON SE J. G. AINSILE—==—W. STODAR? MAITLAND, RIXON & CO, OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, CEDAR AND HEMLOCK @uotations furnished on application GALT nie un JN WE MAKE A.., eee SPECIALTY OF MAGHINE KNIFE WORKS» cil ih "| rt | Hl | | | | af MACHINE KNIVES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting SSend for Price List=—= PETER HAY, carr ont SIXTEEN REASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM i l i I i SAWS BREAK Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. reasons for breaking: analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. : The book is printed on fine stantially bound in cloth. ONE DOLLAR. Giving the paper, good clear type, and is handsomely and sub- It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. NEW WESTMINSTER, B.G. DEERIESS? Sew eis WITH High Grade... ... Heavy Quality ai | wi SAMUELROGERS & GO TORONTO. FOR PRICES AND SAMPLES OF REDDAWAY’S | CAMEL HAIR BELTING] (CAMEL BRAND) WRITE TO W.. A. . PLE MINS SOLE AGENT FOR REDDAWAY & CO., MANCHESTER, ENG. The “Camel” Brand Belting stands almost twice the strain of best English oak double Leather Belting. AGENT ALSO FOR THE FABRIC FIRE HOSE COMPANY, OF NEw York, U.S. HARD-MOUTHED HORSES AND PULLERS CONTROLLED WITH ABSOLUTE EASE. RUNAWAYS IMPOSSIBLE. This statement is now repeated by thousands who have purchased BRITT’S AUTOMATIC SAFETY BIT. gE This Bit, by an automatic device, closes the horse’s nostrils, HE GANNOT BREATHE, AND MUST STOP, JSAFETY FROM RUNAWAYS ABSOLUTELY GUARANTEED WITH THIS BIT Any horse is liable to run, and should be driven © with it. By its use ladies and children drive horses = men could not hold with the old style bits. Send for illustrated pamphlet containing testi- monials from all parts of the world, and earnest and candid expressions about the BRITT AUTO- MATIC SAFETY BIT and its resistless but harmless and humane power in subduing the most vicious horses and controlling the most stubborn pullers and chronic runaways. The only bit in the world that is endorsed, advocated, used and sold by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, The Highest Authority. DR. L. P. BRITT, 37 CoLLece PLACE, NEW YORK. GC Four Grades O do all your work P PP} No Hot Boxes E RINE R N E SAFETY GUARANTEED 8 Best Box Metal with economy Stands any Gait Weight or Motion COPP Holds the best TESTIMONIALS from the largest ma- =e No Hot Boxes ee ALONZO W. SPOONER SOLE MANUFACTURER PORT HOPE, ONT. chinery manufactur- ers, OWners and users in the country tig. ‘May, 1894 (Lr, CANADA WURTBERIMAN OANADIAN eee BLHol GRATES Do you —* ‘We can == RACK STERM ? HEP you TESTIMONIALS: TESTIMONIALS: Wee sabe ENNY & CO., Saw and Planing Mills, Minneapolis, ; inn e have given your Hollow Blast Grates a full test during the Bae The Blast Crates Meee Baten! Catoie deat War Lad. Goat present summer at oursaw mills in this city and are very ciel pleased hundreds of dollars in contrivances to burn our elm sawdust, but without sn them. They have greatly increased the draught of our furnaces, so that we have had no trouble in burning th 1 a ki l success. We now burn it all, and keep better steam than before with dry buble ourning the wet sawdust and making all ‘the wood.” steam needed.’ STEINHOFF & G CRON, Dez alers i in all Kind ds of Coc opera Stock, ores Dest gg sod Siar Co yeas | Walacturg, Ont We are rely ple wih yo gee We Rey sscacon | Wesfeam With refuse 2c, des Reeeioalsad oe make all the steam | we require no matter fiw wet our fuel 1 is Fe or burning ? cords of bolts, a mammoth dry-kiln, and run five engines and all our ma- sawdust they are unequalled.” chinery with two 66-inch by 16- foot boilers, and steam blowing off all D. P. McDOUGALL & CO., Manufacturers of Lumber, Maxville, Ont.: the time. One fireman, sixty years old, does the firing, and he has a “In reply to your letter inquiring about Blower and Grates, may say that chair that he uses a third of the time. We use carriers and a bull dog so far we are satisfied that we have “struck it” for burning sawdust.” furnace. Your grate isa boon to mankind.” THOS. C. DAWSON, Saw Mill, Renfrew, Ont.: ‘‘The Grates are AARON GORDON, Staves and Hoops, Dresden, Ont.: “T do not giving good satisfaction. Iam well pleased with them and everyone who consider a saw mill complete without Blast Grates.” sees them working thinks they are just the thing. seve" The Ganadian Hollow Blast Grate Go. - _ BSsek, Ontario sesso - eo i> | ON & CO. 6 © See ~=6srd British Columbia MANUFACTURERS f= ked - Cedar - Shingles All kinds of Dimensions and Faticy Butts made to order. We will guarantee quality satisfactory. © © NBW WESTMINSTER, BG == BRITISH CGOLUMBIA & RED : CEDAR : SHINGLES aoe i BEG to advise our numerous Customers and the Trade generally that we have a large reserve Stock of 3K H. H. Spicer & Co. Extra Branp 3K 3K aK of these Shingles in Vancouver, ready to ship (in connection Se Se with their cut of three hundred thousand daily) into Ontario we during the months shingles are most required. As I have a a large number of cars continually on the road coming to North Bay, I am in a position to fill orders on short notice | Ree ce CeSen ee ry re tr i St -F.N. TENNANT LUMBER MERCHANT Mie ee eee ee L.A. SL OrOonto oe. ;: rab of the Policy or to your family at earlier death; and THE CANADA LUMBERMAN DLENbION | tuswern ———— SAOULD EN, PLANING MILL MEN SEND FOR My——— May, 1894 and all parties who are inter- , ested in MILL MACHINERY DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES. Nos. 17 anp 18 _ CONTAINING—~ Immense List of Engines, Boilers, Iron, Wood-working and Miscellaneous Machinery 4ee———____NOTE THE ADDRESS 3: cm A. WwW. PETRIE WAREHOUSE: 141 to.145 Front St. (Adjoining New Union Passenger Station) W6st, Macuinist, ... New anp Seconp-Hanp Macuinery ... 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MOWPY & Son MANUFACTURERS OF | SAW MILL by practical men to be 3K ae The Best PY SHINGLE MILL Machine on the MAGHINERY Shingle Machinery a Specialty REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND CAREFULLY EXEGUTED Market Gravenhurst, Ont. & ()LIVER The “BOSS”, Shingle Machine A= Manufactured by us is acknowledged LUMBER me Board of Trade Building Toronto, Ont. J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath & Shingles BRACEBRIDGB, ONT. PATENT CAVEATS and TRADE MARKS Obtained in Canada. UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PAT- ENTS A SPECIALTY. Engineering Drawings Furnished. W. J. GRAHAM, 71 Yonge St. ‘Toronto ea TORONTO AGENCY OF ‘The Rathbun Go. ——Are open to Purchase——— Oak, Ash, Birch fasswood and Good Pine Lumber Cedar and Pine Shingles Manufacturers having such for sale are invited to com municate with T. W. WALKER, Agent TORONTO Office Cor. Spadina Ave. and Front Street THOS. MOORAKEN (Member Toronto Stock Exchange) BROKER & FINANCIAL AGENT DEALS SPECIALLY IN TIMBER LIMITS Wo. 2 Victoria Street, TORONTO, ONT. Lumbermen__> YOUR BUSINESS IS HELPED (BYSs. ae ADVERTISING... Telephone No. 418. GaNaDn Vivebana -*s WRITE FOR PARTICULARS DARLING BROTHERS _ ... ses ceponaing wt _ MONTREAL, Piulitt ih fll Mind sett innn i = 2 = = | My \Ow | hi -a.% ~a'\¢ OC REDS t Prenw | peo} TORONTO, ONT., JUNE, 1894 {oy pe See \ SinGLe Cortes, 10 CENTS MAGNOLIA METAL IN USE BY roe Lyeacims Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS eee A NOLIA METAL CO. tian LONDON OFFICE: 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET CHICAGO OFFICE: TRADERS’ BUILDING ii Ort] 2 mh St Ew ° MONTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS a5 —4 THE Be “Morse” Valve Maching """""" — spesigg, emaenge ROONESLEP Dros. | The__»* GOMMISSION AGENTS is the only machine in the inarket that will | eee ee ee reface Steam Valves in positicn Sat /e igen leash se Ganada Limits bought and sold on commission. Limits tray- elled and carefully prepared. Estimates given. i : 3000 MACHINES IN USE | Lumberman Some first-class berths on the North Shore of Lake Huron and on the Upper Ottawa now in our hands for sale. Communications confidential. References given. | . SOLE MANUFACTURERS... advertisers ae 36 Rochester St. «¢ Reliance Works,’”? - MONTREAL. Ortawa | Cc. C, CLEVELAND G, F. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhue & 60. MANUFACTURERS OF [FATHER BELTING... anp LACE LEATHER GEO. GORMAGK Wholesale and Retail Dealer in ALL KINDS OF LUMBER Join Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS, ONTARIO MANUFACTURERS OF WOOD - WORKING MAGHINBRY MACHINE TOOLS, ETC. | LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL WRITE FOR PRICES AND CATALOGUE Danville, Coe. | WHITBY, ONTARIO 4 =! Ss oS MANUFACTURERS : e E.R. BUNS SaW G0. _ 2 Sf OE aaa 4 J e e TT &S > ASD -» FACTORY: 534-536 Dundas Strect TORONTO, ONT. —AND — AND — KINDS OF Grosscut Sa Handle |=} Circular THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE ND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED ——— ; OG Saws x es €6gi ‘ujgz ounf{ pojusjeg -*-*-” ASK YOUR HARDWARE MERCHANT FOR iT . SHINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY Saws are eas ab |” Rats aah THE CANADA LUMBERMAN June, 1894 © IER ee ae £35 Ticy a VY Milg® THE Ler t| BAND SAW MILL TT Late CARRIAGES BAND SAW | LA .. HAVING,... ; 7 RA 4 od Ly A | ‘ Prescott’s Automatic | MILL ee ae, Carriage Offsets | in different sizes Prescott’s Direct-acting | Dear Sirs: Steam Feeds i COVEL'S , : SAW TOOLS | \ Aaa FOR FILING ROOM | s Ottawa, Can., a J : ai : TOP GUIDE (NOW; MADE WITH GOOSE : July 5th, 1892. | | i : iol) HH It may interest you to know that on June 30th Jast, in eleven hours, the Band Mill—driven entirely by water—which we got To,WHOoM IT May CONCERN: This is to certify that the Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- borough, Ontario, have been licensed to manu- facture and sell throughout the i , Dominion of Canada, the Band ‘ ;_ == Saw Mill known and called the : sawed Src | ie cl “Prescott Patent Band Mill,” also : from ee | sence the device for Saw Mill Carriage | 4 047 feet 1-inch known as the “Prescott Patent : : ie Offsetting Mechanism,” and by : Ser 1% : virtue of said license the said Wm. me See ‘3 fl lh Hamilton Manufacturing Company 11,723 14 : possess the exclusive right to ReTIGH Rea : build and sell said machines for ¢ mR Canada, the plans for said ma- Ob,03R. FB chines being furnished or ap- : proved by the undersigned. | 106,619 feet. (Signed) ] Yours truly, D. CLINT PRESCOTT, | PERLEY & PATTEE [copy] Patentee. . SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE TO The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co. Ltd. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. BRANCH OFFICE: VANCOUVER, B.C. uth, Video’. “ei 1 CANADA LUMBERMAN Votume XV. NuMBER 6 TORONTO, ONT., JUNB, 1894 { TERMs, $1.00 Per YEAR ( Sincie Cortes, 10 Cents ie CHARACTER SKETCH. HON. PETER WHITE. LUMBERMAN AND STATESMAN. “ The truest wisdom is a resolute determination.” —A Napoleon Maxim. ‘e is a wide gulf between the view held in the present day of men of commerce and that proclaimed by Cicero in the early centuries, that all artisans are engag- ed in a degrading profession, or still stronger expressed by Plato and Aristotle before Cicero’s time, when they were wont to declaim in a pitiful way against the noble rights of labor. People delight in the present day to do honor to the men who labor in the ranks of commerce and manufacture, though the time is not long gone by when some one spoke in gibing tones of Scotland as a nation of shopkeepers. Out of scores of instances that might be named, it may be remarked that Gladstone, _England’s G. O. M., was the son of a merchant ; Samuel Motley, who, as a British legislator, fought valiantly the cause of the masses, was a great merchant ; Joseph Chamberlain, Birmingham’s proud son, is Bane of com- merce. Going further back, it may be noted that Sir Robt. Peel, following in the footsteps of his father, was a printer of calico. Our own country produces numbers of examples on similar lines. Captains of Industry are not alone leaders in the commercial world, but, the particular training that comes from activity in business, has shown to the people how _ well fitted are men of business for that other business arena, where are made the laws by which our country is governed. Complaint is ‘sometimes made that par- liament and the legislatures are controlled by men of the professions, especially of the legal profession. An analysis, however, of the composition of our governing _ bodies, will show that a very considerable sprinkling of _ them are business men, and that not a few of these take _ a foremost position in the councils of the country. The lumbering industry has good reason to be proud __ of the many within its ranks, who have in the past, and ____ to-day, occupy a first position in legislative halls. Inthe local legislature we have one of the best representatives ___ of the lumber trade, in the person of the Hon. E. H. % Bronson, of Ottawa, one of the largest lumbermen in * Canada, and a member of the Cabinet of Sir Oliver Mowat. To go outside of Canada for the moment, it is well known that in the state legislatures, as well as in Congress, lumbermen occupy a conspicuous place among the public men of the country to the south of us. One _ of the most noted of these is the Hon. R. A. Alger, the - Michigan millionaire lumberman, who has been more _ than once spoken of as a likely candidate for the White House. _ In the same legislature with Mr. Bronson, which has just now been dissolved, were Mr. W. C. Caldwell, B.A., of North Lanark ; E. C. Carpenter, of North Norfolk ( James Clancey, of West Kent; Robt. Ferguson, of East Kent; William McCleary, of Welland; Robert Paton, of Centre Simcoe ; David Porter, of North Bruce; James Reid, of Addington ; E. W. B. Snider, of North Waterloo ; A. F. Wood, of North Hastings ; and A. WAtseam pbell, of East Simcoe, all lumbermen. Amiong the new men who are seeking parliamentary honors in the forthcoming election for the local legis- lature are, Mr. R. A. Stark for North Gtey, a saw mill operator ; Mr. J. I. Flatt, a large lumberman of Hamil- list i is by no means exhausted here. e would ‘ind a similar condit‘on of affairs. At Ottawa, king in the Commons and the Senate, a number of , who is a candidate in North Wentworth, and the most prominent men in either House are lumbermen. | One of the most conspicuous lumbermen of Canada, the Hon. J. B. Snowball, occupies a seat as senator for New Brunswick, and a recent addition to that body is the Hon. Kennedy F. Burns, another lumber king of the Maritime provinces. In the Lower House the Hon. W. B. Ives has a seat in the Cabinet, as president of the council, a character sketch of this gentleman ap- pearing in the LUMBERMAN of February, 1893. Who does not remember Mr. Alonza Wright, the King of the Gatineau, whose death occurred within the past year, and who was for years a popular member of the Com- mons? To-day the lumber interests are ably represented by such men as Mr. W. C. Edwards, of Ottawa ; Mr. John Charlton; Mr. John Bryson, and others whose names will be easily suggested to our readers. But of all the names given none are better known in lumber circles, as also in public life, than the Hon. Peter White, Speaker of the House of Commons, and whose portrait we publish on this page. Mr. White does the fullest credit to the large commercial industry, CAN.PHOTO-E Ion. PereR White. with which for years he has been actively and extensive- ly identified. His career in the House is equally flat- tering to the commercial interests generally of the country, showing the high position that may be attained in legislative halls by business men. Peter White is a sonof the late Lieut.-Colonel P. White, a Scottish pioneer, who early in the century located in the eastern section of the province, and 65 years ago tounded what is now. known as the town of Pembroke. In 1838 the subject of the present sketch was there born, as the fourth son to his parents. Peter White, Senr., had followed the business of lum- bering, and to the manner born, the younger Peter at an early age engaged in the business with his father. Always a careful student of his country’s affairs, in 1872 the present Speaker of the House entered the field in North Renfrew as a candidate for parliamentry honors, Sir Francis Hincks having formerly occupied the posi- tion. This time he was unsuccessful, but two years later a vacancy occurring, he was elected for North Renfrew. At the general elections in 1876 he was re- elected and he has continuously occupied the position up to the present time. On April 29, 1891, he was the unanimous choice of the Conservative members of the House for Speaker, and aside from party considerations, he was equally acceptable to the Opposition. The position is one of the most honorable in the gift of the House, and carries with it a salary of $4,000 a year. More frequently than not it has been held bya member of the legal profession, Mr. White’s predeces- sors in the office being Hon. James Cockburn, Q. C.; Hon. T. W. Anglin ; Hon. J. G. Blanchet, M. D.; Hon. G. B. Kirkpatrick, Q. C.; Hon. J. A. Oumet, Q. C. Only two out ot these were laymen. The position is one that calls for great endurance, continuous toil, and familiarity with parliamentary rules. That a man whose life had been devoted largely to business affairs, should, with such marked ability, fill the position of First Commoner, is a tribute not alone to the high talents pos- sessed by Mr. White personally, but also to the com- mercial interests of the country. The reply of the Spar- tan father, who said to his son when complaining that his sword was too short, “ Add a step to it,” wou'd seem to have been the motto that has guided Mr. White in his whole conduct of life. Because a layman, and a business man at that, rather than of the academic class, was no reason in Mr. White’s mind why he might not fill with all the proficiency necessary, a position that eminent Q. C.’s had occupied before him. As a member of the House of Commons, for now 29 years, Mr. Speaker has always taken an active, though at no time a very frequent part, inthedebates. He has not deemed it necessary to be given to much talking in order to wield a large influence among his associates. Whenever he has spoken, however, he has always caught the ear of the house. In none of his speeches is there any attempt at high flights of eloquence, but he is exceedingly frank, open, clear and concise, without af- fectation, forcible and argumentative, and as a result isa very persuasive speaker. Personally, the Hon. Peter White is one of the most popular members of the House of Commons. In his official position, dlespite the acerbity and bitterness that too often enters into parliamentry life, he is recognized by political friend and foe, if the latter term can really be used in his case, as a model chairman, and just and equitable in all his rulings. In manner he is genial and sociable, making friends wherever he is known. To some extent, doubtless, this fact counts for his popular- ity in and outside the House, for there can be no doubt that the man of strong social instincts attracts and makes friends where another, even though his abilities may be of the highest order, only repels when lacking in these essentials of human nature. —_——— A CHAIN is no stronger than its weakest link, and a steam boiler may have some one spot weaker than other parts, and in estimating the safe pressure, the strength of this weaker part should be taken into account. Factors of safety, as they are called by mathemati- cians, are used as a means of making allowance for unseen or suspected or possible weaknesses. For example, a boiler shell is made of plates ihe strength of which is known, but the riveted joint is weaker than the plate, and the fit of the rivets in the holes may not be perfect, hence some allewance must be made for unknown imperfections. TRADE NOTE. Mr. T. W. Walker, formerly the representative in Toronto of the Rathbun Co., has formed a partnership with Mr. J. Watson, under the firm name of Walker & Watson. Their office is at room 51, Confederation Life Building, Toronto. They will do a wholesale and commission business in lumber, shingles, &c., making a specialty of Canada pine and hard- woods. They have already received a contract from a starch company in Oswego for 2,000,000 feet of basswood. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TALKS WITH WOOD-WORKERS. oO is a necessary element to perfect work in hand- ling any machine. Some machines, however, more than others, call for greater delicacy in operation. This is the case with the moulding machine. If we are to have nice work, a point most essential, says Mr. N.A. Curtis in the Wood Worker, is first to see that the knives are evenly balanced ; second, have the chip-breaker and front ‘pressure solid and placed as close to head as possible ; third, do not.lace the belt so as to have a big lump underneath to strike the pulley so hard that it can be heard all over the shop every time it makes a revo- lution ; fourth, feed the material in the machine so the knives will cut and not against the grain. Above all things this writer tells us: ‘See that everything about the machine is adjusted and ready to perform its part of the work before the machine is started, so there will be no stopping it to try a piece, for if one gets in the habit of setting a machine by guess and then stopping and trying, there will not be much work done ; the operator is always in doubt as to whether the work is right or not. Start right ; set the machine up right, then start the machine and let it run, keeping a watch on it all the time so if anything gets out of order you will not be long in finding it. The instant you find there is something wrong, shut off the feed, go around the machine and find what it is. After finding it, stop the machine and fix it in short order, unless it is a clean break down ; then you want to do your thinking in double-quick order, stopping the machine instanter.” * % * ¥ Frequently this journal has drawn attention to the number of deaths that occur in wood-working establish- ments, as a result of carelessness or foolish bravado on the part of workmen. These accidents are powerful object lessons of the old adage, that familiarity breeds contempt. It certainly breeds rankest carelessness. The very fact that a man has become expert in the handling of sharp tools is one of the best reasons why he should be the more careful in holding this premier pos- ition as a workman. Just going outside of the immed- iate province of the wood-worker a daily paper told us the other day of an expert electrician about to deliver a lecture on electricity, who was killed when making his apparatus ready. Friends of the bench and the machine- _ room don’t grow too smart, as the slang of the day runs, in handling your tools. * * *& The proverbial den of the newspaper editor has gone into tradition as a place where the most manifest disorder and lack of cleanliness reigns supreme. Fortunately for the members of the fourth estate the proverbial den exists now only in tradition. There is no need for untidiness anywhere. Such elements hinder and never help work. The rule applies just as stringently to a wood-working establisment. A writer has nicely said: “A clean, neat wood-working plant is always attractive to customers, insurance men and others. Usually it shows that the manager is a good business man, one to be de- pended upon to fill an order properly, and who takes unusual precaution against loss by fire. ” ee The workman who simply works, as does a machine by his side, as a sort of automaton, may find it difficult to secure employment at times like the present, when business is depressed. But the man of ideas in the dullest times will find his services in request. This is so in the field of mechanics as much as anywhere. In the lumber industry there is a present demand for any- thing that will reduce cost of production ot improve products. A lumber journal has pertinently said on this point: “There are thousands of men connected with the saw mill interests or wood-working plants, that have as much natural inventive genius as those who invented the machines they are using, and have plenty of time to think over their methods of operation and plan improvements. It is 4 game in which, if you fail, you lose little or nothing, and, if you succeed in making a valuable improvement, you area winner by long odds.” + * & A month or two ago made reference to the impor- tance that is to be attached to the mortising machine of. a wood-working establishment. Our contemporary, the Tradesman, emphasizes this thought in these words : “Among the most interesting and important of wood- working machines (always excepting the saw, than which no more valuable tool was ever devised by man), are mortising machines. Only a few years ago, as history counts time, nearly all mortising was done by hand tools ; now a hand-made mortise or tenon is rarely seen. Very skillful were those old hand-workers. It is doubtful if machines can do better work than they did ; but it is ceriain that the speed secured by machines as compared with the excellent but slow hand work of by-gone years, will hereafter and forever preclude the extended use of the old mortising chisel and tenon saw.” JAS. LUMBER DEBATE IN PARLIAMENT. epee in committee of Ways and Means a week ago the question of the export duty on sawlogs going into the United States was brought under notice of the House of Commons. - Dr. Sproule said timber was being taken out of the Georgian bay district so fast that in a few years the forests would be destroyed. He was informed that over 50 townships were denuded of timber in this district every year. was that lumber for building in this district was very scarce andexpensive. Formerly culls and refuse lumber were largely used for finishing doors, window sashes and shutters, but now this refuse could scarcely be had. He regretted the Government had not put an export duty on logs of $3 or $4 a thousand, which would com- pel a large quantity of timber to be sawed up in this country, and provide employment for 8,ooo men the year round. It would create an additional market’ for the products of the farmer and merchant, where now there wasalmost stagnation. It was a very short-sighted policy that allowed such raw material to be taken out of the country free. He hoped the Government would reconsider its policy, and reimpose the export duty, otherwise the forests would be depleted in a few vears. The result might be accomplished by a provincial en- actment compelling lumber sold to be cut and manu- factured in the province. This had not been done, and would not be done, and the only other way was for the Dominion Government to put an export duty on logs. Mr. Charlton said an export duty was essentially a robbery. The hon. gentleman was altogether mistaken in his remarks. The result of the abolition of the export duty had been to increase the wages expended, and the number of men employed in the industry, and to confer greater prosperity on all towns engaged in lumbering operations in the Georgian Bay region. At present southern pine was forcing Canadian pine out of the market of the Northern states, and not a foot of the latter was sold on the Atlantic seaboard. Canada should be careful of this market, and try and retain it. By reimposing an export duty, Canada invited stringent import regulations by the United States. Mr. Macdonell (Algoma) said he was credibly inform- ed that tugs usually towed three times as many feet of lumber as was stated in their clearance papers. He urged the reimpesition of an export duty which would save to the country many thousand dollars a year, At present the exportation of logs destroyed fishermen’s nets completely, but if the logs were sawed in the coun- try they would not destroy the nets. Mr. O’Brien was desirous that the logs should be cut in this country, but an export duty could not now be re- imposed under existing conditions. He thought the statement made by hon. gentlemen that large quantities of saw logs were exported to the United States without being reported to the Customs Department, a serious charge against the department. But he believed hon. gentlemen were guilty of great exaggeration in their desire to have an export duty reimposed. With regard to the number of men employed in Parry Sound district, there never had been so many, nor labor so steady and constant, neither had wages ever been so good. If Americans were employed, it was simply because enough Canadians could not be got. So far from being an injury to the country, the extra quantity of logs taken out since the export commenced had given a great 1m- petus to trade in the country. To reimpose the duty at present would paralyze trade from one end of the coun- try to the other. A result of the wholesale export of logs” JuNE, 1894 Mr. Macdonell (Algoma) said the Americans must — have Canadian white pine lumber whatever it costs. They were going to buy it whether the duty was $1, $2 or $4 a thousand feet, and the consumer paid the duty. Mr. O’Brien thought the Americans were not so de- pendent upon Canadian white pine. In regard to the condition of the industry in the Parry Sound district or on the Georgian Bay, he said the principal mills were all running, and where any mills were closed, it was owing to the lumber trade having departed anyway. If an export duty was reimposed, it would put such a barrier in the way of the Canadian trade that only the very best quality of lumber would be exported. He be- lieved the statements were exaggerated, both as to the quantity of logs exported and as to the quantity of Am- erican labor employed in the lumber districts. While there was a chance of the import duty being taken off, the Canadian Government should not reimpose an export duty. Mr. Peter White, the Speaker, who has had an exten- sive lumber experience, said that he had a great deal of sympathy with those gentlemen who asked for the re- imposition of the duty upon logs, but they should remem- ber that the evil effects which they depicted were, toa great extent, local in their. character. They were con- fined almost exclusively to the north shore of the Georgian Bay. They should remember that the inter- ests of British Columbia, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, — Quebec, and a large part of Ontario, were in the direc- tion of obtaining free entry of lumber into the United States. If the views of those gentlemen who advocated the imposition of a prohibitive export duty were to pre- vail, Canada might be prevented from obtaining that which every member of the House would admit would be a great advantage to the different portions of the Dominion to which he had referred. It seemed to him that it would not be proper for the Government to im- pose an export duty on logs until they ascertained whether the Senate of the United States would continue lumber free. If lumber was continued on the free list — it would be detrimental to the lumber industry in Cana- da if the export duty were reimposed. Mr. Edwards, one of the largest lumbermen of the Ottawa, said that no one who understood the question would stand up and contend that an export duty would be of any benefit. Nor would anyone who understood the situation and the interests involved have introduced this discussion at such an inopportune time as the pre- sent when the Wilson bill and free lumber were before Congress. The other night the member for East Simcoe (Mr. Bennett) had said the lumbermen of the Ottawa valley had 75 per cent. of their product sold before it was cut. To this he would say that he had not $5,000 worth of his this year’s product sold in the United States., and did not expect to until the Wilson bill was settled, and he would tell the House that no more serious blow could be aimed at the lumber inter- ests than to bring on this discussion at this time. If they desired to promote the lumber interests of the country they would advocate the protection of the forests from the ravages of fire. After some experience he be- lieved that 20 times as much timber had been burned — ashad beencut. Looking at the question from a broader standpoint than one section of the country, he believed there could be no question that the interests of Canada required that no export duty be imposed. Mr. Bryson (Pontiac) said that the lumbermen should know what was in their own interest. The platform for the Government to accept was that the Americans should be given free logs provided they would admit lumber free. His earnest desire was that the Govern- ment should adhere to the ground it had taken. i. The item passed without any change being made in the tariff at this point. - A new material for paving is being introduced into London. It is composed of granulated cork and bitu- men pressed into blocks, which are laid like bricks or wood paving. The special advantage of the material lies in its elasticity. In roadways it furnishes a splendid foothold for horses, and at the same time almost abol- ishes the noise which is such an unpleasant feature of the city traffic. It is used in Austria with good results. = a Fue, 1894 VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS. The LUMBERMAN adds to its many stories of curious “finds” in trees the following : Two men were at work with a big circular saw in Reading, Penn., recently, sawing up a white oak log, which came from a farm in the vicinity, when suddenly the saw struck something hard, and before they knew it every tooth was gone, They held an examination, and found a granite pebble “some six inches in diameter, embedded in the solid __ wood. It is a question how the stone got into the tree. _ There are no such pebbles in the neighborhood where the tree grew, nor was there any sign of a hollow, by which it got inside the tree. The wood was perfectly sound all around it, and the rings of the wood would ‘indicate that it had been there not less than two hundred years. A Stone In a Tree. ~ Washing air of its impurities by passing it through water screens or through chambers into which water is profusely sprayed is a well-known and much used pro- cess in heating and ventilating practice. A somewhat analogous method is being applied by an English factory owner to the much discussed smoke nuisance. According to the published description, somewhat in- definite, perhaps, in a few respects, the apparatus used _ by him consists of a large cast-iron tank, in which is a slotted barrel, which is fitted with perforated beaters, and the tank is partly filled with water. The smoke is drawn into the barrel from the machinery by a powerful fan, and undergoes a scrubbing process. The barrel rotates very rapidly, churning up the smoke with the water. On {the top of the barrel are several semi-circular trays or seives, which are perfor- ' ated, and effect the purpose of further washing “the smoke. The smoke which escapes from _ the beaters, is caught again by these seives, and dashed down again by a very fine spray of water from the beaters. The black sludge of solid matter is forced to the top of the cham- ber, and thrown over into a chute, which con- veys it to a wooden tank. The smoke which finally escapes from the machine is said to be comparatively inoffensive, and there is certainly ___ good reason to believe that this should be so. _ It is interesting to note, however, adds a writer in Cassiers Magazine, that the use of the appara- tus does not end with the cleansing of the smoke. The black deposit gathered by it is taken off in __ barrels to be used in the making of paint and printing ___ ink, yielding an acceptable revenue instead of polluting the atmosphere, and the remaining liquid is said to _ have proved itself a most valuable disinfectant. Thus a two-fold purpose is accomplished, either one of which would seem to be quite sufficient to commend the pro- cess to manufacturing communities in which smoke suppression is a live topic. Smoke Nuisance. a acts 5 Recently a most remarkable fact in the history of a forest plague has been reported. During 1880 a plague known as the “nonne” moth, wrought great havoc in the magnificent pine woods of South Germany, especial- ly in the neighbourhood of Munich. The abnormal in- crease in number of the “nonne” moths was first ‘observed in the summer of 1888, when the electric light in the industrial-arts exhibition in Munich attracted them in great swarms. But it was not till the spring of 1890 the alarming discovery was made of the ravages wrought in the forest of Ebersberg by enormous num- bers of the caterpillar of this moth. The mischief spread with rapidity, and in a very short time the trees on large tracts were stripped of their needles and had to be removed with expedition. Every effort was made to stop the mischief. The population of the infected dis- trict took a hand in collecting and destroying the enemy at every stage of its existence, egg, caterpillar, chrysalis -and moth. The electric light was used to lure the moths to their destruction, and millions were destroyed. The _ moths were drawn by the dazzling rays of the electric light into a huge funnel, whence they passed to a crush- ing machine, which speedily converted them into a Forest Moth Pests. Sy Peer ey ey Magazine. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ve paste that made excellent food for poultry. The under- growth of the infected trees was burned off, the top growth syringed with strong antiseptics and poisonous washes, and incisions were made in the bark of the tree and filled in with pitch. Every possible remedy known to the science of forestry, which has reached such per- fection in Germany, was tried. The effect of these remedies in 1891 proved to be absolutely nil. The plague continued to make havoc in the pine forests all through that and the following year. Now comes the extraordinary fact in the story of the scourge. In 1893, which had been looked to with great anxiety, the plague suddenly and unaccountably ceased after a course of five years from its beginning. The cause of the cessa- tion is still a mystery. NEW TREE FELLING MACHINE. WO months ago we gave an account of tree fell- ing by electricity, a successful experiment in this line having been made in Sweden. The following ac- count of an English effort to fell trees by other than manual labor is given in the current issue of Cassier’s The new machine of which we furnish an illustration is the invention of Mr. Allen Ransome, of Chelsea, and reminds one very much, in appearance, of the now so familiar rock drill, the drill proper, of course, being supplanted by a reciprocating saw blade, sub- stantially in the manner shown in the accompanying sketch. The piston to which the saw blade is attached works in a cylinder of small diameter but rather long stroke, pivotally supported on a pair of wheels, so that the whole arrangement is readily portable. Steam is in- tended to be suppliedto the machine froma portable boiler NEW TREE FELLING MACHINE through a long steam hose, so thatthe boiler can remain in one place until the machine has felled all the trees with- in a considerable circle around it, the place cleared, of course, depending upon the length of the hose. Cutting down a tree, however, is not the only function to which the machine is limited. By partially rotating on its axis the saw can be set to cut ina vertical direction, or at any angle between the horizontal amd vertical positions, so that, having been felled, a tree may be quickly cut up into desired lengths. It generally happens that when a large tree falls it does not lie flat, as its branches hold the upper part of the trunk from the ground, and in order to squarely cross-cut trees lying in such a position it is necessary to incline the saw somewhat from a direct vertical line. This is readily done by the adjusting capacity just mentioned. Suitable adjustments also are provided to enable elevation or depression of the saw to accommodate high or low-lying trunks, as the case may be. It is not uninteresting to note that Mr. Gladstone, whose prowess as a woodman, in addition to his better known talents, was so widely exploited two or three years ago, has honored the machine with a very favorable comment, being reported to have said, after seeing it in operation, that it would do as much work in a minute as a woodsman could do in an hour. A THREE CENT STAMP DOES IT. O’ receipt of a three cent stamp we will mail free to any address a copy of our little hand-book entitled “Rules and Regulations for the inspection of pine and hardwood lumber,” as adopted by the lumber section and sanctioned by the Council of the Board of Trade, of Toronto June 16, 1890. Address, CANADA LUMBER- MAN, Toronto, Ont. : THE BRITISH BOILER EXPLOSIONS ACT. N Britain there are acts of Parliament relating to the use of steam boilers known as The Boiler Explosions Acts, 1882 and 1890. Under these Acts the owners of steam boilers must report every accident of the nature of an explosion within 24 hours of its occurrence. From the last report to the Secretary of the Board of Trade by the Solicitor having charge of the workings of these Acts, we learn that the year ending June 30th, 1893, there were 72 investigations held. Some of these were merely preliminary inquiries, but 26 were formal investi- gations. Of the 72 accidents, 32 were from deteriora- tion, or corrosion or some part of the apparatus having become defective. 23 were from ignorance or careless- ness on the part of the attendant, 8 were from defects in design or workmanship, and in 9 cases the causes could: not be definitely placed under any of these divi- sions. It is interesting to note that the English law does not compel a boiler owner to place his boiler under the charge of a man holding any kind ofa certificate, but the law holds the owner responsible, and in event of an accident he must prove that he employed a “competent” man. It goes further, and if at any of these formal in- vestigations, it is proved that the accident was due to negligence on the part of anyone, whether attendant or owner, maker or seller of the boiler or its attachments, the law is strong enough to reach him, and inflict some form of punishment. Here are samples from the report before us. No. 582—Manufacturing engineers blamed for reckless con- duct, and to pay £20 costs; No. 590.— Managing director blamed for neglect and ordered to pay £40, costs; No. 608.—Owner blamed for not em- ploying a competent person and ordered to pay £85, costs; No. 623.—Owner blamed for want of proper supervision, and attendant blamed for neglect. Owner to pay £20, and attendant £5, costs; -No. 651.—Owner held responsible for negligence of his engineer, and a blacksmith who ignorantly advised owner as to the work- ing pressure was blamed. Owner to pay 20 shillings and the blacksmith £20, costs. We commend this to all parties interested in steam boilers. The acts have been in force a number of years, and have given good satis- faction. A similar act in Canada would do much to improve the steam appliances, and would make owners careful as to what kind of a man they employed. The investigations refer not merely to what are usually called boiler explosions, but cover accidents to any connection of the boiler which is under steam pressure. The breaking of a steam pipe, the rupture of a tube or the bursting of a blow-off pipe must be reported, hence owners are much more careful. Some of the accidents investigated were of boilers which were insured. The report says: “As regards the Boiler Insurance Companies, no cause has arisen in connection with the working of the Acts which shows any serious neglect on the part of their inspectors, nor has any blame been attachei to them by the Court in any formal inspection which has been held during the year.” A NEW INVENTION. NEW crank, which does away with the dead point, is the asserted invention of a Fiench engineer. The crank-pin works in a slot cut in a steel disc fastened to the end of the shaft, and is pressed upon by a spring, which is so adjusted that at the ordinary working steam pressure it is held firmly in place. If, however, the crank be at a dead point, when the full pressure of steam is admitted into the cylinder, the spring is compressed, the crank-pin slides in the groove so as to assume an angular position to the shaft, and the latter begins to revolve. As the pressure of the steam in the cylinder, while the engine is in motion is less than in the boiler itself, as soon as the shaft begins to turn the pressure against the spring 1s relieved, and the crank-pin flies back to its usual position. The tension of the spring is adjusted as necessary. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH es SE IES POMS SUMOUWGD)S2 CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, ToRONTO f BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy One Year, in advance ..:..6...6.0:.-0ccc00ceceueccet $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ...............-cecccececeee 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominic~, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the cuimmerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetruth. Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the Canapa LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of x5 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the CANADA Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an mdividual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. LOG EXPORT DUTY. AT the sessions of the Doniinion Parliament each year that section of the lumber trade, who feel that the free export of logs to the United States, is an injury to the saw mill business in Canada, have not failed to make their protest heard. This season, however, these claims have been urged with much greater energy and force than ever before. All along the northern lumber section of the province, an effort in one direction and another to influence parliament to reimpose the log duty has been made. The question was brought before a recent meeting of the Orillia town council and a reso- lution on the line of preventing a continuous export of logs to the States was vigorously discussed by the municipal fathers of that burg. Early in the month a strong deputation, representing a considerable percen- tage of the lumber interests in the Georgian Bay dis- trict, waited on Sir John Thompson and pressed upon him the importance of placing an export duty on logs exported from Canada to the States. It was alleged by the deputation, in consequence of the large growth in this method of lumbering, that many mills in that dis- trict were closed down. According to the despatch that appeared in the daily and weekly press, both in Canada and the United States, the statement was made to the Premier that over 500,000,000 ft. had been sent from the United States to Canada during the past year. Obviously this was an egregious error on the part of the gentleman, who acted as spokesman for the Geoigian Bay interests. or else it was a very unwise statement to make. In dealing with matters, as exact as those of commerce, exaggerated statements must always react upon those who make them. So able and enthusiastic an advocate for the protection of our forests as Mr. William Little does not place the export much beyond one half of 500,000,009 ft. It is probable that the total export dur- ing the past year was about 300,000,000 feet, and owing to a smaller cut, a result of the depression in the lumber trade, the export of logs for 1894 will hardly exceed this figure. In a more public way the question of an export duty caine before the House a few days ago, Dr. Spronle introducing the matter. He argued that the export of logs from Canada was steadily increasing. These were the figures given as taken from the trade and navigation returns : In 1889, $440,805 ; in 1890, $615,194 ; in 1891, $615,320 ; in 1892, $1,044,134 ; and in 1893, $1,517,000 worth of logs. It is to be remembered, of course, that at the time the smaller figures prevailed an export duty of $3.00 per thousand ft. on logs existed, and further that after the removal of the export duty American lumber- men became extensive purchasers of Canadian limits. Dr. Sproule made the statement that 50 big mills on the Georgian Bay had been closed down, as a result of this change in the tariff, and thousands of dollars worth of machinery were lying idle and rusting away because of this policy. Mr. Charlton in reply to Dr. Sproule, noted the point that the source of supply for the Collingwood, Parry Sound, Midland and other idle mills on the Georgian Bay was just as far distant as to the mills on Saginaw and other American points where Canadian lumber was being sawn. So far as any practical purpose was con- cerned Dr. Sproule’s suggestion did not meet with favor by the House and the tariff on this point remains undis- turbed. A summary of the debate is published in these columns. The CANADA LUMBERMAN has, during recent years, presented this duty question in its many different bear- ings. There has been no interest that has not been fully represented. By Mr. Little, “ Canadensis” and others the argument in favor of holding to Canadians our Canadia \ lumber has been very exhaustively presented, whilst other writers, with as great fullness, have given the opposite view of the question. The contention of some that the closing down of our mills is a great sacrifice of Canadian labor and machinery is met with the statement that the larger cost goes on the logs before they reach the mill and any circumstance that gives an impetus to extensive logging, means an enlarge- mentofthe labor market. Thenthereisthis to be remem- bered that, with the removal of the export duty on logs, came the concession from the United States Govern- ment of a reduction on the duty of manufactured lumber from Canada to the States, and it is a matter of commercial record that the result of this has been to very largely augment the trade in the United States for Canadian lumber. Not without its force is the state- ment that the change in the tariff has also been the means of introducing into Canada large amounts of foreign capital, that would not, probably, have been placed here under other conditions. That the people generally of the towns and villages in our northern district should feel warm on the question is natural, and Canadians everywhere must sympathize with them in their efforts to prevent, what, they believe, means the destruction of those commercial interests that have proven the main stay of their different communities. To men and women, who live in a community, who probably own their little properties there, whose social and family ties are centered around and about these places, it is no trifling affair to find, as it were, the cord that has held all these interests together being broken at one point and then another, and they forced to make sacrifices and seek other fields to make their bread and butter. This, we believe, is the strongest force at work in an agitation for a reimposition of the export duty on logs and it is one that calls for much consideration. When this phase is presented to lumbermen, who believe that the best interests of the trade are served by leaving tariff conditions, as they exist at present, the reply is that the local view of the question, as affecting certain districts of the country, must give way for the wider view, touching the country as a whole. It is to be remarked, so far as parliament is con- cerned, while it is said that the cabinet is divided on the question and the Minister of Finance has shown a strong disposition favorable to protection of our forests, that the Hon. W. B. Ives, president of the council, himself a saw mill owner, is not an ultra-protectionist, so far as lumber is concerned, and nearly all the prominent lumbermen in parliament, including speaker White, are opposed to a change. Thére is a Canadian or national phase of the question, JUNE, 1894 that is not often discussed, and yet it is one of much moment to our people as a people, independent of any commercial interest in the article of lumber. We refer to the statement frequently made, that in Ontario, at least, our forests are becoming rapidly depleted ; and it is worth considering how far we should sacrifice a present advantage only to meet with ultimate and al- most irrecoverable loss. TARIFF CHANGES. CERTAIN tariff regulations, as affecting the lumber in- terests of the country, announced by the Minister of Finance in his budget speech, have, within the past ten days, undergone material change. It will be remem- bered that wood pulp was placed on the free list by Mr. Foster. We pointed out in the April LUMBERMAN that this was placing Canadian wood pulp manufacturers at very unfair advantage in competition with Americans. The wood pulp industry at the time of the changes ef- fected by the McKinley tariff, was unfairly dealt with, and the step taken at the opening of parliament was only an aggravation of the evil. We are glad to see that the Minister of Finance has struck out wood pulp from the free list, a duty having been placed on this article of 25°/.. The consideration, as frankly stated by Mr. Foster in his budget speech, in placing lumber and shingles on the free list was to conciliate the Northwest farmers. It was clear from the outset, so far as shingles were con- cerned, that this change would, if not immediately, cer- tainly at no late date, work serious injury to the red cedar shingle industry of British Columbia. Washington territory shingle interests have been sufficiently disoigan- ized for some time to make the manufacturers of those territories anxious to place their shingles wherever it was possible to secure a market, even though this should be done at a considerable cut in price. Pressure was promptly brought by British Columbia commercial in- terests on the government, and a result has been that shingles have been taken off the free list and placed at a duty of 20°/, as before the change. In the case of the lumber interests of Manitoba, the situation, if anything, has been aggravated by Mr. Fos- ter adding to the item of undressed lumber on the free list, the words, “ or dressed on one side only.” He said that the original concession was not found to be as use- ful to Manitoba and the Northwest as it was intended to be. The government intended to give the people of these territories their lumber in the best available form, without entirely making lumber free and entrenching too much on the large interests involved in dressing and preparing lumber for completion in its various forms. Mr. Martin, the Liberal member for Winnipeg, said that in this the government was making a valuable con- cession, but he would like it to go still further, and moved an amendment to add the words, “and including matched lumber.” The amendment, however, was de- defeated, and the item as amended by the Finance Minister was carried. A rejoinder by Mr. Haslam to Mr. Martin that the farmers of Manitoba wanted the - whole earth and the fence around it, very pertinently expressed the situation as it affects the lumber interests of Manitoba. In the framing of our tariff, at all times, it is unfortunate that politics more often than business is the preponderating influence im fixing rates. If cer- tain changes will secure votes in some particular direc- tion, the change is usually made. Nothing has been plainer than this in noting the many and continued changes that have been made in the tariff since it was first presented to the House at the opening of Parlia- ment. It was felt that something would need to be done to conciliate the discontent that hadjtaken posses- sion of a considerable section of the farming population of the Northwest, and even though a large and impor- tant industry, like that of lumbering, was to be sacrificed at the altar of politics, it mattered not. Just how Mr. Mather, of the Keewatin Lumber Company, and other lumbermen of that section of the province feel, is told in their own words on another page. They have had the serious drawback of excessive freight rates, and other difficulties to contend with, in competition with the lumbermen of Minnesota. From a business point of view the Minister of Finance would find, on investi- gation, many stronger reasons for considering the claims June, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 of the lumbermen of the Northwest, than can be pre- sented for concessions granted to many other lines of manufacture. The question of lumber still further received the con- sideration of the House by Mr. Foster moving that elm logs be included among the logs, upon which the gov- ernment will have power to put an export duty, not ex- ceeding $3.00 per thousand ft. The logs coming within this schedule are pine, Douglas fir, balsam, cedar and hemlock. . EDITORIAL NOTES. To his other schemes, Gen. Booth, of the Salvation Army, will, it is said, in his efforts for the relief of the unemployed, enter the lumber business. The intention is to purchase a timber limit in Muskoka, upon which will be erected a comfortable shanty. The proposition is to send men from the city, who are out of employment, to work there, and a wood yard, which is to be estab- lished in Toronto, will furnish a market for the product. THE Manitoba Government are wrestling with the question of granting aid to the South-Eastern railway. The extension of this road would be a boon to the lum- bermen of the Lake of the Woods district. In the face of recent tariff regulations, making lumber free, of which we have something to say elsewhere, these lum- bermen are going to have hard times unless relief is secured in improved shipping and freight conditions. The promoters of the road promise the logs will be brought from Lake of the Woods for manufacture in Winnipeg. Competition in freight rates will also be secured by the extension, and viewing the matter in this light, a late report from Winnipeg says that Ministers are disposed to grant a favorable bonus. The Prairie Pro- vince will strengthen its position generally every time that new railway competition can be secured. . , As an evidence of the dullness of the lumber market in Canada and in the United States for the past year, it is pointed out that seldom have investors been more slow to make any move in the purchase of lumber or timber limits. One writer draws attention to the fact that, while timber in the Saginaw district is practic- ally out of the market, and speculators must look to the neighboring states of Wisconsin and Minnesota, or to Canada, in all of which places they have already made large investments, yet, just at the present time there is almost no trading going on. One of the largest specu- lators has said that he could not remember any time when so many tracks were offered or such opportunities presented for bargains as now. Concessions could be obtained to-day that, 18 months ago, would have been laughed at. IT has been known to business men for some time that the system of gathering export statistics of various products going from Canada through the United States has not shown our export trade in the fairest light. The writer remembers some time ago speaking to a Can- adian oatmeal exporter, who sent his product to the West Indies through a New York commission house. “¢ All this stuff,” he said, “ reached the Indies as United States meal.” The Canadian Manufacturer has drawn attention generally to this question and states that col- lectors have been instructed to use every effort toascer- tain correctly the country of destination of all goods entered for export at their port to the end that the export statistics of the department shall be as correct as possible as to such foreign destination. “ Itis this lack of accur- ateness in ascertaining the destination of merchandise exported from Canada,” says our contemporary, “that has heretofore told so unfavorably against our trade with countries other than the United States. We have occa- sicn to know that much of our exports of agricultural implements to Australia has been credited to the United States trade with that country because the shipments were made to a United States shipping port without the statement at our export port of the precise destination ; and in the same manner mvch of our Canadian lumber, intended for the West Indies and other foreign markets, sent in bond through the United States, has been cred- ited to this latter country through the lack of accurate- ness alluded to, and which the Government is now seeking to remedy. , > e. | on ne te BXPWARD Jack, of St. John, N. B., who has for years given considerable attention to lumber matters, has expressed himself on the question of the log export duty. United States lumbermen having paid large sums into the Ontario treasury for certain timber limits, sub- ject to no restrictions as to where the logs might be cut, he considers the government wonld have been guilty of abreach of trust should they have inserted afterwards, that these logs be cut within the province. ‘“ Suppose,” says he, “that after a man had bought a thousand bar- rels of flour in Toronto, deliverable in one year from date, the Dominion government imposed an export duty of $1 per barrel on this flour, who would justify such an act? Placing to one side questions of justice, as well the implied rights of purchasers, how much money is lost when logs are taken to the United States to be manufactured? The cost of sawing, about $1 per M feet B. M.; the log hauler wants no export duty imposed, for he usually receives a higher price for hauling from Americans than he can get from the Canadians. Why, then, close his best market merely to please the mill owner, in aiding him to shut out all competition in the matter of log purchasing. In New Brunswick we -vant no export duty, in fact a duty could not be collected here unless at a most enormous expense, as the rivers St. John and St. Croix are for a considerable distance the boundary between Canada and the United States, and when a log floats across the centre line of these rivers into the United States, it can be sawn there without the payment of duty. Further, it is not to be supposed that our friend Jonathan will look calmly on and see his sons wronged, and there cannot be any doubt but that if the Dominion government imposes such an export duty, he will act and will place, much to our detriment, a duty on sawn lumber additional to present charges sufficient to counterbalance an export duty which the Dominion government may place on sawn logs.” Jos. OLIVER, of the firm of Donogh & Oliver, Toronto, is one of the best known lumbermen that takes the road. Whether at home or abroad he has a large clientele of friends. Likeall great men he has a hobby on which he works off his surplus energy, and fills in the spare hours from business and domestic duties. Oddfellowship is his hobby, Mr. Oliver at the present time occupying the position of chief executive officer of the order in Ontario. I am glad to be able to present here a picture of Mr. Oliver and his favorite goat, with which he has about as familiar acquaintance as with I x ro dressing, or xxx shingles. UP in Simcoe they have always treated Mr. A. Mis- campbell, Simcoe’s lumberman-representative in the Local Legislature, with a decent majority of votes, when the hour of counting the ballots has arrived, and he ex- pects that on the 26th June they will be equally kindly with him. But with the best of them, the road of the politician is beset with trials and tribulations, and our artist has depicted Mr. Miscampbell as he experienced some of these pleasantries when being initiated the other evening into the mysteries of one of our secret orders, membership in which is supposed to count for something when the day of election arrives. KS ee He is not exactly a lumberman, but the well-known registrar for Toronto, Mr. Peter Ryan, has rubbed against prominent lumbermen of the Dominion often enough to become fairly well posted in lumber affairs. Moreover, it is said, he owns a timber limit or two, not excepting the Quebec deal that has been bringing him some newspaper notoriety 1ecently. I dropped in on Mr. Ryan in his office a few days ago to see if he knew of anything special going on in the trade. Of course he was modest enough, as is the wont of an auctioneer, to tell me that the newest and best thing was the big timber trade sale he had announced for the Board of Trade rotunda in August next. I had seen the printed list of properties and must say he is going to make it worth while for *lumbermen from anywhere to visit Toronto at that time. Peter Ryan has a notion that he can hold at least one big timber limit sale here once a year, and I don’t know but what the scheme is a good cne. But enough of shop, said I to my friend of the hammer. I asked : “‘ What is the outlook for lumber so far as your somewhat frequent meetings with lumbermen would indicate?” “‘ Well, just at present,” replied Mr. Ryan, “things seem in the dumps, and yet I find that everybody has confidence in the future of lumber. What is wanted for this country is free lumber; and it is free lumber, that is going to give renewed vigor, also, to the lumber trade uf the United States. Knowing this much, at least, of the views of lumbermen, it makes me mad.” And who wouldn’t give a quarter, thought I, to see Peter Ryan mad, if he could ever be got there. “Yes, it makes me mad,” said he, “to think that as lumber matter stands to-day there should be some folks, calling themselves statesmen, at Ottawa, who would want to raise a disturbance over the log export duty just at this particular time. What are they thinking about ?”? “You know Ontario forests pretty well,” I re- marked. “Do you think they are as nearly denuded of their timber as we are sometimes told?’ “There is more timber yet in Ontario,” said Mr. Ryan, “than many people suppose, and yet the real fine white pine, those old stalwarts of the forest primeval, that have been made memorable in song and story—there are few of them to-day in Ontario. The best of our pine has gone.” “By the way,” said Mr. Ryan, as I was about to take my departure, “Did you see nuy letter in the World ve that attack of L’Electeur, of Quebec, made on me concerning that same Quebec timber steal, as, they call it. Irather think I laid out Brother Pacaud. Read it and see.” - THE CANADA LUMBERIMAN OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] DECLINE of the square timber trade, which I have noted in these columns on other occasions, is becoming more and more marked. Even in this wooden country, where we were supposed to have a plethora of timber, it is now getting too scarce to shipin this way. A leading shipper here has said that in a year or so square timber will be a thing of the past. This year not over 1,000,000 feet will go down the Ottawa to Quebec, where a few years ago from 5,000,000 to 8,000,000 feet was the usual cut. Some little uncertainty prevails here in regard to the lumber tariff. Agitation from the Georgian Bay territory has, in some respects, become quite pressing, and it is being remarked that the government organs, more particularly, perhaps, the Em- pire, has been quite strong in its deliverances of late for a re- imposition of-the log duty. It is thought that the Minister of Finance has strong leanings in that direction, and yet it is known that the stronger influence, in the past, in moulding lumber legislation, has been centred in this district ; and Ottawa lumbermen are not favorable to a reimposition of the duty. A question of much interest to Ottawa and indirectly to leading lumber firms here was raised in the House the other day by Mr. Casey, who had the following questions on the order paper : Who are the lessees or users of the water power privileges at and around the Chaudiere Falls? ‘What areZthe respective rentals or dues which they. are charged? How much, if any, is each of them in arrears up to the end of last fiscal year? How are their respective rights defined? Have they right to encroach by permanent building on the fall itself ? Are all the practical workable privileges taken up, or controlled by private parties? The minister of public works replied : The agreement of lease of 19th Nov., ’89, gives as the lessees Messrs. Perley & Pattee, J. R. Booth, R. Blackburn, J. & T. M. McRae, M. Petrie, A. H. Baldwin, Bank of Montreal, Milton Merrill, Bronson & Weston Lumber Co. An annual rent of $100 for each lot is paid for 15 lots on Chaudiere Island and Io lots on Victoria Island. Only one lessee was in arrears at the end of the last fiscal year and he made the required pay- ment on Oct. 5, 1893. The other lessees had previously paid up. The opinion is expressed that the workable privileges are at present controlled under the leases above referred to. « INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. A fair amount, only, of activity is observable around the mills. Some of the New Edinburgh folks were recently alarmed by a large explosion in the Ottawa River, an examination of which, showed that it was a sawdust explosion. The roar was like a crash of thunder. J. R. Booth’s large mill has at last commenced operations. Many men have been anxiously looking forward to this event. It is probable that the mill will keep running straight along, as there are plenty of logs on hand. The cut at McLachlin’s mills at Arnprior, will, it is thought, be curtailed to some extent this season, as a number of logs are ‘‘hung up” because of low water in the upper streams and lakes. Orrawa, Can., May 22, 1894. TRENTON LETTER. {Regular correspondence CanapA LUMBERMAN]. INCE the starting up of the Gilmour mills on the Ist inst. about 150,000 feet board measure has been the average daily cut. spring is in active operation, with highly satisfactory results. Over four and a half million feet of lumber have already been moved by the company this spring, shipments being principally to Ottawa and Oswego. The steam barge ‘‘Iona” is still engaged in carrying to the latter point. Trade is rather quiet in this locality, although local sales are beginning to pick up, and a very large trade is being done in egg cases and fillers. The Rathbun Co.’s tug ‘* Rescue” has been chartered by Gilmour & Co. to tow their logs from Belleville gap to Trenton. The first tow arrived this morning, over five thous- and pieces being taken to the mills. Mr. Peter Pomery, one of the best known salesmen in the Gilmour employ, was engaged in showing a customer some _ lumber on a high pile a few days ago, and making a mis-step fell a distance of some fifteen feet, alighting on his back and shoulders. He was picked up unconscious and conveyed to his home, where, upon examination it was found that he had sustained a fracture of the shoulder. Several ribs were also broken, and he was generally shaken up. At present, however, he is on a fair way to recovery. Mr. A. W. Hepburn, of Picton, has just completed the con- struction of a new steam barge to ply on the waters here. It is built principally for the grain and lumber trade, and will ply between Picton, Fairhaven and Montreal. The new Allis band mill placed in the works this ~ Taken on the whole the lake trade is rather quiet, and there are few new boats engaged in the transportation of freight. Telegrams are being daily received by Gilmour & Co., giving accounts of the success of the log-way at Dorset. The logs are now being rapidly passed over the slide, and with the exception of a slight trouble with defective chains everything works satisfactorily. All the winter’s cut of logs will be tailed in Lake of Bays in two weeks, and it is expected that the log- haul will handle these logs at the rate of from eight to ten thousand pieces per day. Mr. David Gilmour and Chief Engi- neer D. Clark are at present in the new limits noting the success of the scheme. TRENTON, Ont., May 21, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanADA LUMBERMAN]. HE fact that the shingle industry of this province is not in the most hopeful shape, has not prevented the employees of the Miller & Woodman shingle mill here from going out on strike. They are asking for $2.00 per day where $1.75 had been the wages. Considerable shipments of deals are being sent from Sussex to St. John this spring by Joseph Campbell. The larger mills in the province are now pretty generally running. This, of course, includes the large mills of Hutchin- son, Snowball, and Flat, on the Miramichi, and Gibson’s mills at Marysville. Activity is prevalent in driving along all the streams on the St. John, Miramichi, Restigouche and other rivers of the pro- vince. A lot of logs that were ‘‘hung up” at Seven Islands, above Grand Falls, last season, have already reached the booms at Fredericton. St. JoHN, N. B., May 21, 1894. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] UMBERMEN here retain a lively interest in the building of the Nicaragua Canal. They know that that route will so shorten the distance between this province and the United Kingdom, that it must mean very great things to the lumber trade. It is calculated that in place of taking several months to reach England from Vancouver, as now, that when the Nic- aragua Canal is completed, the time will be reduced to about sixty days, whilst steamers will be able to make the canal in 8 days and from the canal to England in 16 days. It is not un- likely that when this time arrives the Canadian Pacific Railway will arrange for a line of fast steamers. between British Colum- bia and England. The larger part of wood pulp has hitherto been mainly supplied the European markets from Austria, but with the Nicaragua Canal, as a matter of fact, the supplies can be profitably drawn from this province. It is said that the gum- less spruce grown here is superior to any pulp in the market and that it is next to impossible to find any wood that will com- pete with our cottonwood for the manufacture of fine quality paper. This wood is also used in European cities for block paving. COAST CHIPS. H. H. Spicer, of Vancouver, is shipping large quantities of shingles to Toronto. It is said that his Toronto agent has al- ready placed about 23,000,000 of these shingles in Ontario this season. New WESTMINSTER, B. C., May 18, 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. (Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] ERHAPS, one would not need to enquire of the oldest in- habitant, but he would need to go back a long time in the history of the lumber trade in this district to find dullness con- tinue so successfully to drag its slow length along. I have never found lumbermen so discouraged before at the opening of a new season’s trade. Manufacturers, dealers and timberowners— everybody, in fact, who touches lumber—are filled with a spirit of discontent. Congress continues insession, though it would be a good thing if they would close up, and lumbermen then might have some idea of what would be best to do. The tariff uncertainty is doubtless at the bottom of present troubles. BITS OF LUMBER. John J. Rupp, who has an interest in the Vermillion Lumber Company, owning a tract of timber on the St. Lawrence River, in Canada, the product from which is cut at a mill at Three Rivers, Que., says the deep snow last winter has operated against a large log cut. In place of putting in about _ 12,000,000 ft., the cut will not run beyond 7,000,000. The Tittabawasee River Boom Company are now into the season’s log rafting, “4 cafe i LA ~ os | ie June, 1894 150 sticks of oak timber are to go from Petersburg, Mich., to Quebec. The timber runs from 25 to 60 ft. long. Col. A. T. Bliss will erect a stave and shingle mill at Sand- ford. J. S. H. Clark, of Newark, N. J., has opened a lumber yard at South Bay City. He had formerly operated yards at New York and at Tonawanda, but will, it 1s said, close out the latter. There has been some showing of discontent among mill _ workers along the river, but it is thought wise counsels will prevail, and that there will not be any trouble this season. There has, however, been some trouble with the Longshore- man’s Union, who asked for 40c. an hour for loading boats. An effort to compromise at 35c. has proven unsuccessful. With much justice the mill men say that they are already heavy losers over the depression of last year and the tied-up ‘capital > If the contest continues a good many logs that would otherwise come here will be driven to other — at the present time. points. ° The Thompson shingle mill at Alpena is cutting 20,000a day and has been running steadily all spring. Bill stuff is reported in good demand at Manistee. A report is current that Wiley Bros., of Saginaw, have sold a track of white pine near Grand Marais, Lake Superior, to Ross & Co., of Ottawa, for about $75,000 cash. SAGINAW, Mich., May 19, 1894. - WHY STEAM-BOILERS EXPLODE. wr do steam boilers explode? They do explode, and lives are lost and property destroyed, and there is a cause for the trouble in every case. In a large number of such instances it is safe to say the trouble would not have occurred if those in charge had given heed promptly to some trifling defect at the proper time, It is the old story of the stich in time and when the stich is not made the rent enlarges, and in a steam boiler a rent is a serious affair. Some statistics have come to us from the Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection Com- pany, which give much needed emphases to the moral we have here drawn. Weare told that since the company began business they made 796,725 visits of inspection, inspected 1,580,060 steam boilers, made 608,786 complete internal inspections, tested 102,195 boilers by hydrostatic pressuse, found 1,206,309 defects, of which 154,749 were dangerous, and condemned 8,406 boilers. Concerning their work in November, 1893, they say: “ During this month our inspectors made 6,745 inspection trips, visited 14,706 boilers, inspected 5,241 both internally and exter- nally, and subjected 537 to hydrostatic pressure. The whole number of defects reported reached 10,471, of which 1,058 were considered dangerous ; 27 boilers were regarded unsafe for further use.” Of their work in December, 1893, theysay: “ During this month our inspectors made 7,642 inspection trips, visited 15,- 971 boilers, inspected 6,647 both internally and extern- ally, and subjected 574 to hydrostatic pressure. The whole number of defects reported reached 12,335, of which 1,385 were considered dangeious ; 83 boilers were regarded unsafe for further use.” —The summary for those two months is as follows : November. December. Dan- __. Dan- Nature of Defects. Whole ger- Whole ger- Number. ous. Number. ous. Cases of deposit of sediment .... 810 1,12 I Cases of incrustation and scale 1,591 @ aaa £ Cases of internal grooving.... 87 7 17 18 Cases of internal corrosion. . 523 30 7 40 Cases of external corrosion... . “aw 654 44 887 45 Broken and loose braces and stays........ 161 39 276 8 Settings defective... 02.2.0. .ccuesess sem 229 25 291 4 Furnaces out of shape.......-..-.. +++. 361 17 410 17 Fractiired | piatesics ci: \s)- sie one etue tenets 345 67 430 7 Buried platese, ... 3.2% Minoinis Se ee ee te! 27 00 35 00 Pine, good shorts, “ < oe nus Oe cra ae oe eee 20 00 27 00 Pine, 2nd quality sidings, per M feet, b.m................. 20 00 25 00 Pine, 2nd quality strips, y 4g pence ec eee aes 18 00 22 00 Pine, 2nd quality.shorts,,/ if "44 (see 15 00 18 00 Pine, shipping cull stock, ‘* My Ey tien 14 CO 16 00 Pine, box cull stock, #4 A atc ete h eee II 00 13 00 Pine, s.c. strips and sidings “ ae £138: sates eee II 00 14 00 Pine, mill cull’, ../.:. sats Sage hep ose ek See 8 00 10 00 Lath, per Min... asleep. ie nena eae acta ee a 160 190 QUEBEC, QUE. QuEBEC, May 25, 1894. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured Off .....000.0sce00-c2+2001 0222005 oe For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 16 20 For good and good fair average, ‘ cs = - oo Ba eer, For superior ee Ks *s g « 28 7 < ce ae “e a3 In shipping order “¢, (29 ao Waney board, 18to1ginch =“ & “3 36 Waney board, 19 to 21 inch ye pe oe ie ao RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality. ..2¢. 2555. Neeene 14 22 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “ O" J eaGse eee 22; 30 OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . .. . . abe 5x ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 10 so feet. . 30 32 x ‘ = ‘« "30 to 35 feet. . 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality ..1.95 Sige bas ; BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . * Se ienueeess : TAMARAC. Square, according to sizeand quality. . ......,..~. a7 190 Flatted, bs < MP Se STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to’qual. and sp'efct’n—nominal . $330 $350 W. O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality. . . . 90 100 DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for 2nd, and $37 to $42 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 for rst, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $2x for 4th quality, OSWEGO, N.Y. OswEco, N. Y., May 25.—The opening of Navigation has not brought with it very much activity for the lum- ber trade. Compared with some recent years trade is quite slow. WHITE PINE, ‘Three uppets, 13f, 1% and’2 inch... .... 0. See $47 00@48 00 Pickings, e PN 39 00 40 00 No. 1, cutting up, ‘‘ fC ab doen 34 00 35 00 No. 2, cutting up, ‘‘ 66 |S Lvs ditiearami sae 24 00 25 00 In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding strips, 14 to16ft. 32 00 34 00 SIDING. 1 in siding, cutting up 1¥¥ in selected....... 38 00@43 00 picks and uppers... 32°00@39 00 | 1% in dressing....... 20 00 22 00 1 in dressing......... 19 00 21 00 | 14 in No. 1x culls.... 15 00 17 co © 1 indNo.z culls, 71.3: I4 00 15 00/1} in No. 2cuils.... 14 00 15 00 rin No. 2 culls...... 13 00 14 00]1 in. No3culls...... II 60 1200 1X12 INCH. v2 and'x6 feet, mill rin... ..-Su. 002. cae once x12 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards.................-- 19 00 20 00 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better........ x2 and 16 feet, No. 2 culls:.., .4..9:- 02) gE eeeneee ea 15 00 16 00 IX1Io INCH. 12 and 13 feet, mill run, mill cullsout............:-....--.. 12 and 13 feet, dressing and better......2.15<.0 0:20 00M 1x10, 14 to 16 barn boards................2. 12 and x3 \feet, No.7 culls... +) see ee re'and\r9feet, No: 2'calls.. .). ete eee ee 14 to 16 feet, mill run mill cullsout.......... 14 to 16 feet, dressing and better............ 4 toir6 feet, No: x culls... .. eee ee ee Sete or 1X10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$22 oo@25 00 | No. rculls........... 17 00 618 00 Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00] No.2culls........... 15 00 16 00 1X4 INCHES. Mill run, mill cullsout 17 00 21 00 | No. rculls.........-. 14 00 15 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 3000] No. 2culls........... 13 00 14 00 IX5 INCHES. : 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill 6, 7 or 8, No. rculls.. 16 00 17 00 culls out......... 20 00 25 00 | 6, 7 or 8, No.2 culls.. 14 00 15 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and bepkeri <..peioaee 25 00 3000 SHINGLES. XXX, 18 in pine....... 3-70 3 90| XXX, 18 in. cedar... . 3 50 3 70 Clear butts, pine, 18 in.. 2 70 2 go | Clear butt, 18 in. cedar. 2 50 2 70 XXX, 16 in. pine...... 3.00 3 20/ XX, 18 in. cedar .... 190 200 Stock cedars, 5 or 6in.. 4.50 5 00 LATH. Noy 2 256i Aovameter are a See 2.30)/INOs 2, 194. Sohges no beennAcResa Aap I 50 ots OE CS eee 12 LATH. Lath, No x, white pine....... 2 25| Lath, No. 2, W. pine, Norway 1 65 NEW. YORK CITY. NEw YorK, May 25.—A little more life is shown in the lumber market at this point, but buying continues to be marked by the greatest caution. Fair demand exists for white pine, but the call is seldom for the better grades. The effort is to keep prices firm. One does not hear of any large amount of stir in the export trade. WHITE PINE—WESTERN GRADES. Uppers, 1 in,...... ae 00@45 00 | Coffin boards........ 20 00 22 00 1%, 1%and2in.... 46 00 47 00 | Box, in.............. $17 00@17 50 3 and 4 in........ 55 00 58 00 Whicker Geec.w.- + 17 50 18 50 Selects, rin.......... 40 00 41 00 | Ccil’g, base, fig. No. 1 40 00 42 00 zr in., all wide...... 41 00 43 00 Ne. 2. doge Pee ene 35 00 37 00 1%, iY and zin.. Spas oomeAqio0)l| No. 03) nice) ieee 24 00 26 00 recs WL Ghee nae 52 00 53 00 Shelving, INO; de prcccte 30 00 32 00 Fine common, 1 in.. 36 00 37 00| No. 2............ 25 00 27 00 1%, 14and2in.... 38 00 40 00 Molding, Noni. 31: Ser 36 00 37 00 3 and 4in Seti stn AONGa 46°00)!" INO: 2.50.0. sane 34 00 36 00 Cutting BP, rin. No.1 28 00 30 00 Bevel sid’ g, clear.... 22 50 23 00 Ra Ye RNIED Coe tc Onsaee 2I 00 23 00 Qs. Tsoce saunas 22 00 22 50 Thick, Nojeen sc’. < 29 00 32 00 ts Bead Reisteae 20 00 20 50 IN Sepa 2i cialnteyetolincu oie PAgOoNNAzO CO!) INO. 93) -.6-pc ene cs 16 00 17 00 Common, No. Norway, cl and No. 1 23 00 25 00 and 12 in. 22 00 23 00 22 00 a Abie rates ose 20 00 21 00 19 00 INGY sina aag sista 17 00 18 00 ALBANY, N.Y. ALBANY, N. Y., May 25.—An improved and better feeling is shown in the white pine trade. The canal is opened for all the business that will come along, but it is not thought that boatmen will have a particularly heavy season. Prices are working downwards, some- what, and orders do not run into large figures. PINE. 24% in. and up, good........ $56 $60 | ro-iIn. common............. 15 $16 OUGEOSIt, satel of 58 | r2-in. dressing and better... 28 34 Selects c 50 (SOmMMON eres os oleiale wie. oysls I5 17 ickinestaanaenteme ance. 45 | 1}4-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 40 45 1 to 2-in. good........... 52 55| Common................ 15 17 BOOMS lease cos. sdcice.se 50 | 1-in. siding, selected........ 38 42 Selects, 2... 45 (Common reer fe nets - ee hee 15 17 Pickings . 40 | Norway, clear............. 22 25 t-in. good ..... 55 RES SUES Tate vies ,8 5 4 5s xsere owe 6 16 18 HP GUINEAS Geraci clea «idleisia'= 5° (Copieyite ee ane aaa aeec BE) 05 Re SC iSmrtienreattis ances = 5: «15'= 45 | 1o-in. plank, 13 ft., dressing c. c. Pek ES mate iil ce ow ss 6 4o| and better, eaGhis gee: 42 55 Cutting-up 27 | 10-in. plank, 13-ft. culls, each 23 25 Bracket plank 35 | ro-in. boards, 13 ft., dressing Shelving boards, 12-in. uP» 30 32 and better, each.......... 28 32 Dressing boards, narrow . 19 21 | 10-in. boards, 13-ft. culls.... 17 21 Z LATH, INGE 2 ool cnet 2eoraog eee BEACH SPICE ie ales eisfelalvinlnie are $2 30 $2 40 SHINGLES. Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 40 $4 50| Bound butts, €x18 ....$5 90 $6 00 Clear butts 2555.0... Bers 3) 2puietemlocke in ecaie o0 vee 215 2 30 Smooth, 6x 18......- BESO GON MOPMICE ) Lf OO.) 18.00 ade 8 iN 3 0ut) EF" SO) RE ede tate clatzen ote cinlalas 15 00 18 00 1x13 and wider...... ES) OOW WLOOHZ! UN ore aisieidtarelate'« wislecen 15 00 18 00 SHINGLES. 18in. XXX, clear... 385 4 00] 16in., *A extra...... 260 270 18 in. XX, 6 in. clear. 2 85 | 16 in. clear butts..... 210 LATH. Mosse AS tse nichole sistotel < 2 50 eee NS. Ky) Sateen te close I 10 INO Zz iAiEb, mere caches 1 95 BOSTON, MASS. BOSTON, Mass., May 25.—From the fact that some business is doing, there is a more hopeful and pleasant feeling in the trade this month than last month, and yet there is a littleness about the kind of trade that does not auger large things for the whole season. Pine from the west is said to have improved with stocks somewhat small. The shingle trade has not reached the volume that was hoped for at this time of the year. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed 34 Welemacesecis - $92 boards .......... $12 00 11-16 inch........ st 3 ze Coarse No. 5....... 16 00 aaCiige «in aa ee 8 so BREESE siteset cle oe Ir 00 612 00 | Clapboards, sapext.. 52 50 55 00 (OH Seep ecoesansan 900 =10 00 Sapiclear’...5:.)'.« 47 00 5000 Boxboards,1 inch... 10 75 +11 00 Sap, 2nd clear.... 38 00 49 00 PRIM. 0c ccc ose 975 1000 INGOs aitmetsety «0's 25 00 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Uppers, SNA ci ele pie 00@s54 00 | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 42 00 46 00 1%,1% and 2 in.. 52 00 55 00| No. 2,1 in. Finecom. 28 00 30 00 Sandi4in..). -m-...-- 60 00 1h, "1Y, and 2in... 29 00 31 00 Selects, r in. -- 45 00 46 00/ No.1 Stnibs, 4 to6in. 43 00 44 00 1%,1% and. 2 in.. 48 00 5000 No. E 00 37 00 gland: 40Ini.. 6... aoe meee Com. NEW YORK LIFE INSURANGE BUILDING MONTREAL ‘Toronto; Onts. r= MPGYONEOH ors fostean eo) feces Victoria Harbor LumberCo....... 3 Saw, Shingle and Lath Mills, White Pine, Whol. Stm., Cir., Gang and Band, 140m ] Toronto, Ont.......... BIOYONTO ieau. The only bit: in the world that is endorsed, advocated, used and sold by the Society — for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, The Highest Authority. DR. L.P. BRITT, 37 CoLLtece PLACE, NEw YORK. T. W. WALKER J. WATSON WALKER a WATSON » WHOLESALE DEALERS IN .. Lumber : Shingles : and : Lath Also SHIPPERS, INSPECTORS and FORWARDERS. Lumber Bought and Sold on Commission. Canada Good Pine and Hardwood a Specialty. QFFIcE: ROOM 5! CONFEDERATION LIFE ASSOGIATION BUILDING, + TORONTO, QNT., CANADA CORRESPONDEBCE SOLICITED... . Every Lumberman wants it 55 cents buys it Scribner's Lumber and L0d Book SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto meri YY SIXTEEN REASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM 3RIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, PRACTICAL INFORMATION BAND SAWS BREAK Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A_book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and is handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. Ct RE PROOF = ROOFING ' ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE,’ METALLIC ROOFING © MANUFACTURERS. TORONTO (up Mave LOM: OPUS. BROCK. (DIN MANUFACTURERS OF < ftontical @:Sovoniir : : For SAW MILL WORK our Belting is specially prepared to resist moisture. : : The Parmenter Patent Dry Kiln FOR DRYING LUMBER, SHINGLES, STAVES, HEADING, ETC. . LL, SS =. For further information see first page, and address 4 J. S. PARMENTER, Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAWNW JuNrE, 1894 much more profitable when OdVb Wik 6 IS6 | made into Lath than when dumped into the Burner. . . .. THE IMPROVED .. COMBINED. GANG LAH MILL _AND: BOLLE R i TTT ]] 1OAONTOLITA.CO. Increase your Daily Lath buncher by putting in our improved and Direct Arction Trimjmer_—__m Steam Feed * ney = Purchasers say: ‘‘ No increase of boiler ne- Tidy Bundles bring the cessary, and daily output increased 207.”’ . Best Price .. Change need not delay your mill 2 With this Machine they are more than one day. an absolute certainty... .. —<«——_>-+- WRITE US ++ >> For Refuse Carriers, Lumber and Lumber Do You Want ae Transfers, Slashers and Trimmers, use More Steam? ovzese « EWART LINK BELTING Sawdust jor nape We carry all sizes in stock—over ten tons weght Some of our customers burn the chips the grinder Is guaranteed best makes and sell the sawdust. Some mix the chips with MAIN DRIVE BELT. band sawdust. aoet te fee GET OUR REDUCED PRICES ..... o©——_© TAEN IT B€ORNS. All Styles of Circular and Band Saw Tools kept in Stock This ‘‘d0G”’ chews up shingle sawdust and splints. ‘ Y . BEST QUALITY SILVER SOLDER, Etc. WRITE. . ae Warerous, BRANTFORD, CANADA. ~~” Boer 1804 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN - OANADIAN es BLHO! GRATES - Bis pists 6.0) ¢i6%eNe be 0 6 we Od Male « wide)» eu Do you — RACK STEAM ? TESTIMONIALS: JAMES NAYLOR & SON, Hoops, Staves, Heading, etc., Essex, Ont.: “The Blast Grates please us beyond expectation. We had spent hundreds of dollars in contrivances to burn our elm sawdust, but without success. We now burn it all, and keep better steam than before with dry wood. E. H. . DOYLE, PROPRIETOR, Detroit Hoop and Stave Co.: Wyandotte, Mich.: ‘‘ Their work is simply marvellous. They have paid for themselves every fifteen days this season. Westeam with refuse 20,000 feet of logs, 30 cords of bolts,a mammoth dry-kiln, and run five engines and all our ma- chinery with two 66-inch by 16- foot boilers, and steam blowing off all the time. One fireman, sixty years old, does the firing, and he has a chair that he uses a third of the time. "We use carriers and a bulldog = furnace. Your grate isa boon to mankind.” = AARON GORDON, Staves and Hoops, Dresden, Ont.: “I do not aueeeraeees We can —-_ NELSON, TENNY & CO., Sa present summer at our saw oo ir with them. They have greatly incre that we have h ad no trouble in b urning steam needed. sawdust they are unequalled.’ so far we are satisfied that we have “‘ consider a saw mill complete without Blast Grates.” FOR ae eee ATION Tie Ganadlan Hollow Blast Grate Go. - Essex. Ontario Minn.: “We have given yo our fells wW THOS. C. DAWSON, Saw Mill, Renfrew, Ont.: Tee iy oe See bree ky rdeloath ge and Planing Mills, Minneapolis, Blast Gi this city ed. the =the é STEINHOFF & BS ORDON, Dealers in all Kind = Cooperage Stock, Wallaceburg, Ont.: fe are greatly pleas sed with y grates. Wecan make all the steam we re quire no matter how wet ¢ Ae (Taek is. For burning D. P. McDOUGALL & CO., Manufacturers of Lumbe r, Maxville, Ont.: “In reply to your letter inquiring about Blower and Grates, may say that struck it” for burt : The Grates are ) giving good satisfaction. Iam well pleased with them and everyone who sees them working thinks they are just the thing. JOHN sais PRESIDENT AND €NERAL MANAGER. a inant WZ MANUFACTURERS OF = All kinds of Dimensions and Fancy Butts made to order. British Columbia—-m-_ Red - Cedar - Shingles We will guarantee quality satisfactory. NBW WESTMINSTER, B. G. == BRITISH GOLUMBIA & me) - CEDAR.: SHINGLES ie BEG to advise our numerous Customers and the Trade generally that we have a large reserve Stock of . H. H. Spicer & Co. Extra Brann of these Shingles in Vancouver, ready to ship (in connection with their cut of three hundred thousand daily) into Ontario during the months shingles are most required. As I| have a ee number of cars continually on the road coming to North Bay, I am in a position to fill orders on short notice when necessary. a me HE He F. N. TENNANT - LdmBER MERCAANT Phau @icaa tarot... “LOronto 1 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ‘a Wee ee La’ a3 4 ooo < im VN ES CONE Rn A , " ; Vl ad ee v7 } - JuNE, 1894 - Aitbention! LUMBERMEN, PLANING MILL MEN, and all parties who are inter- ested in MILL MACHINERY ————— SAOULD SEND FOR MY— DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES. Nos. SSN IGY-9O8Vo nS — Iron, Wood-working and Miscellaneous Machinery Immense List of Engines, Boilers, Jee NOTE THE ADDRESS 3; em A.W. PETRIE t0 145 Front St. West, = - (Adjoining New Union Passenger Station) WAREHOUSE: !4! 17 AND 18 Macuinist, DEALER IN . New anp Serconp-Hanp MacHinery se TORONTO ~— DO YOd WANT A Life Policy An Endowment rots) Ain Investment Policy Or an Annuity Policy @ THE ONTARIO MUTUAL LIFE ISSUES TAEM ALL / WHOLESALE DEALERS IN One 20-year Survivorship Distribution Policy em- braces all the newest features, and is the best form of Protection and Investment money can buy. It has no equal. Guaranteed values, attractive options and ifteral conditions. A WISE AND GENEROUS PLAN. OFFICE Nos. 213, 214 and 215 Our Annuity Endowment Policy ensures a certain annual income to yourself during 20 years after matur- ity of the Policy or to your family at earlier death; and the Amnuity Life Policy guarantee a sure income to your family during 20 years after your death; first pay- ment immediate. The rates are lower than on ordinary plans. DONOGH === & OLIVER 23 LUMBER Board of Trade Building Toronto, Ont. Saree he oat yy ILLUSTRATED — FREE HAS CLUTHEG pte KING St w +s-ESTABLISHED 1871 - Se Lite Giant Gutines WATER WHEELS FOR ALL PURPOSES, © HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL o WATER WHEEL GOVERNORS MACHINE DRESSED GEARS, PULLEYS, SHAFTING, . HANGERS, ETC. Write for Catalogue and Gear Lists. =| TORE! HORIZONTAL TYPE, J. Cc. WiIiLsSson & CO., = Glenora, Ont. J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath & Shingles BRACEBRIDGE, ONT. THOS. MCORAKEN (Member Toronto Stock Exchange) BROKER & FINANCIAL AGENT DEALS SPECIALLY IN TIMBER LIMITS No. 2 Victoria Street, Telephone No. 418. TORONTO, ONT. PATENTS seis: mares | Lumbermen_ ia Obtained in Canada. P eta ae IS UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PAT- » ’ ENTS A SPECIALTY. nae ADVE RTISING a Engineering Drawings Furnished. W. J. GRAHAM, 71 Yonge St. JTEOLOLREES GANADA Luneeeeen *, WRITE FOR PARTICULARS B.R. Mowry & Son MANUFACTURERS OF by practical men to be | SAW MILL aK AND The Best PY SFAINGLE MILL Machine | MAGHINERY ||) 00 the Shingle Machinery a Specialty Market REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND CAREFULLY EXEGUTED Gravenhurst, Onf. The “BOSS” ge Shingle Machine Alt Manufactured by us is acknowledged | ()) | 2 =i cout} - MONIT l S f TeRmMs, 1.00 Per YEAR VoLtuME XV. TORONTO, ONT. JULY, 1894 \ SincLE Copies, 10 CENTS IN USE BY Mie Leese oine Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, | Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS ene 2 or OTA MH TAT CO. itaan ee es a. 74 Cortlandt St., NEW YORK ONTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS kc f eee = e——— ” VALVE MACHINE MORSE (sae: eee J.J. TURNER & SON : Ss ds is the only machine in the market that so ea Ee St = will reface Steam Valves in position. Tie és ef X rN es Sail, Tent and Awning Maker .. i ; f Elk Ganada 251 George St. and 154 King St. We) \ ans Lumberman PETERBOROUGH =i’ Canoe, Yacht and Boat Sails made to order. Perfect : aeeheetton Outfit. . .. when corresponding with — a Fits Guaranteed. : _ a i Every description of Lumbermen’s Supplies and DARLING BROTHERRS one Sar arost Cigiaaget™ ea « » « SOLE MANUFACTURERS... ‘ ‘¢ Reliance Works,’? - MONTREAL. Jonn Bertrail x Sons | Cc. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND G EO G O RMAG it ) ‘ e | =——— CANADA TOOL works === J 4 L. GO0dhue x 60. ) Wholesale and Retail Dealer in DUNDAS, ONTARIO ae MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF 8S BE | |WooD-WoRKING macrineRY |/{)| LPATHER BELTING - ee ee TOOLS, BTC. anD LACE LEATHER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL Write ror Prices ano Caratocue | : Perel lS, Ge, RANG WHITBY, ONTARIO ) Soy. MANUFACTURERS E.R Burns Saw 60. . @. Wi mes cial ae _7Z Phone 5120 == ‘ . FACTORY 4 5 WAS = ce 934-536 Dundas Street TORONTO, ONT. ; — AND — ALL MONTREAL, KINDS QUE. v. OF €6gI ‘y39z ounf{ pojusjeg -*-*-* Grossout Saw Handle |?! Gircutar THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED ——— S z (219) ~ a TPS me 8 The anxiety to lumbermen by forest fires has been less of late years than formerly, and yet no season goes by without serious loss being suffered from this one cause. News has reached us within the past month that Michi- gan has experienced some concern on this account and _ it is also stated that forest fires are reaching along the Northern Pacific in the West Superior district. We hear of fires in other points, but so far as information is in our hands nothing of the kind has occurred in Canada. It is well, however, even on very small suggestion, that _ attention should be drawn frequently to the necessity of * every care being exercised to prevent forest fires and that our governments should be most vigilant in seeing that very complete protection is afforded the forests in their respective jurisdictions. A month ago Mr. W. C. TORONTO, ONT., JULY, 1894 J TERMS, $1.00 Per YEAR \ SincLe Copies, 10 Cents Edwards, M. P., one of the largest lumberinen in the Dominion, stated in the House of Commons that he be- leved, after a wide experience, that 20 times as much timber had burned as was cut. Prof. Fernow, to whose address we make reference elsewhere, emphasizes in the strongest language the same matter. In truth tke de- gree of carelessness exhibited towards our forest assets is so shameful as to be hardly pardonable. One who has recently been over the Rainy River section tells us that the destruction there of valuable timber by fire has been on a very large scale. Explorers will roam about and build fires for cooking their meals. They may not put them out when leaving and the result is forest fires destroying to our province thousands of dollars of valu- able property. A CANADIAN BANKER ON LUMBER. M®: B, E. Walker, general manager of the Canadian Bank of Commerce, in his address at the annual meeting of this bank a week ago said of lumber: For the year ending June 30th, 1893, the value of our exports of woods in all conditions, manufactured and unmanu- factured, was about $29,000,000, against $25,000,000 five years ago. What the year just closing will show we cannot say, but one of the teatures which showed conclusively in what strong hands the business is generally held, was the promptitude with which the United States firms, who had contracted to take our lumber, carried out their obligations, notwithstanding the financial storm. Had it not been for this our lumbermen would hardly have known what course to pursue during the past winter. As it was, they doubtless intended, as a whole, to take out about the usual quantity, but the early mild weather broke up the winter roads, and as a consequence, some hundreds of millions of feet are left in the woods. In the Ottawa district most of the logs were got out, and despite some trouble with low water will in the main reach the mills promptly. The logs held back are main- ly in the Georgian Bay and North Shore districts. In the Ottawa district the cut of logs and the logs carried over will make the supply about the same as last year, a little over six million pieces, but the quantity of timber made is trifling. The nature ofthe market will depend much on the United States tariff. The entire cut of deals has been contracted for and is beiny actively shipped to Great Britain, aided by low freights. The business with Great Britain in thin lumber is steadily growing, and that part of the trade is very satisfactory. On the other hand, part of the lumber paid for by United States buy- ers is not yet shipped, and although many good con- tracts for this season’s sawing have been made, the actual shipments are smaller than at any time recently. While this is due partly to the very bad condition of busi- ness in the United States the settlement of the tariff will doubtless make a market for our lumber, although perhaps with a slight concession in price from last year. Stocks in the United States are said not to be large and our supply will no doubt be required. LET NOTHING BE WASTED. Te age in which we live is characterized by its utili- zation of what has been known as waste material. Debris and refuse are being reclaimed from their sup- posed worthlessness, while wealth and comfort, says the Age of Steel, are now deduced from what has hitherto been without commercial value or public service. With epoch-making discoveries we are tolerably familiar, their magnitude giving them dramatic interest, and their coincidence with our own time table of life adding not a little to our conceit and boasting. While our progress, however, is a fact, and our _bigheadedness a misfortune, notte eee the smaller economies of the age are of the unobserved, yet the veritable potentials of our prosperity. Every- thing has specific value, be it great or small, the differ- ence being in gradation but not in essentials. The pebble is but the microcosm of the rock, and the molehill of the mountain, the difference being one of magnitude but not of substance. Inthe matter of our industrial waste or refuse this law has generally been neglected till science exposed the folly of waste and the stress of industrial competition compelled its utilization. Neces- sity has always been the mother of economies, and in this instance when the margins of profits were attenuat- ing into consumptive decimals, applied science caine to the rescue and gave commercial value to what had hitherto been a nuisance. Examples are numerous, and by way of emphasis we collate a few of the most con- spicuous. For many years the slag from iron furnaces was but _ useless refuse. It was dumped on waste land, in con- venient ravines, and in ursightly masses wherever pos- sible. It is now manufactured into asbestos, cement, glassware, pottery, fire-brick, fertilizers, and into the paint which now embellishes the Pullman palace car. Sawdust, so long the nuisance ot saw mills, once dumped into swamps and pits, can now be made into sheeting for buildings, and when mixed with paper pulp supplies an excellent article. It is also serviceable in making aniline dyes, wood alcohol and certain acids. Cotton seed, once left to rot at the cotton gin and used for fuel, now furnishes the oil, lint, food for cattle and fertilizers ; the product of the oil industry amounting to $16,000,000 per annum, with the sale of lint and hulls realizing over $1,500,000 each in the same period. The refuse of silk factories or warehouses, once a nauseating and uncleanly compound of leaves, imperfect cocoons and dead worms is now utilized, being sorted by machinery, and the short threads incorporated in valuable commercial fabrics. Coal tar was once but an olfactory nuisance, and sometimes got rid of by burning it under gas re- torts, now aniline dyes are obtained from the benzole it contains. Other by-products of coal, such as sulphate of ammonia, etc., are now sources of industry and wealth. The refuse of woolen mills, once a sanitary sinner in the pollution of creeks and rivers has come in the range of chemical science, while in many large chemical works the saving of gases, since a menace to public health, have by condensation been transferred into valuable commer- cial articles. Other examples might be quoted, but the catalogue as so far given is ample evidence of the fact that these modern economies of waste play no insignificant part in the general make-up of our industrial products and prosperity. — THEORY AND NATURE. HERE are, says Power, a good many points where theory and nature have a falling out. The steam utilizes but a small propertion of the thermal value of the fuel it consumes, and its improvement appears to be open only in the direction of higher initial and lower rejection temperatures. The maximum efficiencies are obtained with fiercely hot furnaces, low uptake tempera- ture, high pressures, and high grades of vacuum, giving the greatest available range in both boiler and engine. In the animal organism combustion is carried on at a moderate rate and low temperature, and there is appar- ently little available difference of temperature in the body, yet as a machine the mule is more efficient than the engine, and will do more work per pound of fuel consumed. The man who finds out the principle upon which this is done, and teaches us to apply it, will be a greater scientist than Faraday, a greater inventor than Watt. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN * JuLy, 1894 TALKS WITH WOOD-WORKERS, SOME fine results are said-to be obtained in the orna- mental working of wood by the use of an ingraining machine brought forward by a Pennsylvania inventor. The mechanism is described as a hollow cylinder, ten and one-half feet in circumference, to which the grain of a piece of oak of the width of the cylinder has been trans- ferred, this grain being covered with a soft cement which sinks into the depressions, and in these about 200,000 bits of metal, like type, are set, above this being placed a small, smooth steel cylinder, adjustible to different heights ; between the two cylinders both revolving, a piece of birch, poplar, bass, spruce or maple may be passed, wh‘ch comes out with the grain of the oak trans- ferred to it, after which it has passed between two other steel cylinders, one revolving in a trough containing a liquid consisting of oil, coloring matter, and another in- gredient—not yet disclosed—used asa “filter.” After being treated in this manner the wood is subjected to processes of polishing and varnishing, and when finished presents the appearance of choice quartered oak. * * * Several references have been made in these monthly talks to various features of moulding machines. A writer in the Tradesman furnishes the following contri- bution on the subject, which will be appreciated, I think, by wood-workers: Manufacturers of moulding ma- chines often make a great mistake in recommending too high speed for their machines and by this means defeat their own honest intentions. While it is safe to assume that the average modern moulder is sufficiently Strong so far as weight and strength are concerned to stand any reasonable amount of speed under certain conditions, still the conditions under which the mould- ing machine is subjected are different trom the ordinary planing machine. With the ordinary planer the knives are all of the same width and project an equal distance beyond the point of the cylinder, so that there is no good reason why they may not be kept at all times in good running balance, hence the cylinders of the planer may berun to 4,000 revolutions per minute or even more, With but little vibration. Such is not the case with the moulding machine. There is no point to speak of upon the cutting edge of a moulding knife, where the distance from the point of the cutter head to the edge of the knife is the same, consequently if two knives are used, which is generally the case with nearly all standard mouldings, the utmost care should be manifested in not only the perfect corresponding shape upon the cutting edge, but also in the exact length of the bevel and thick- ness ; even then, when both may show exactly the same weight upon the balancing scale, a very slight imperfec- tion in the bevel when run at high speed will cause a vibration that will plainly manifest itself upon the sur- face of the moulding. For this reason it is not good practice to speed a moulding machine as fast in propor- tion asa planer, no matter how heavy and strong it may be. In this respect the manufacturers do not seem to realize the difficulties which even the best and most experienced moulding machine Operators have to con- tend with, especially where sectional cutters are used, which is becoming a common practice in nearly all mills, and where a number of different shapes are used to form the moulding. The difficulty in combining them so as to form a perfect running balance is greater than where two perfect shapes are used. t+ * * The demand for maple flooring has become something enormous (that is, it was when there was a demand for anything, and probably will be again). A few years ago since planing mills turned it out to order only. Now immense factories, so far at least as our neighbors to the south are concerned, turn out little else. Special machines are used to produce it, among them those that bore it for the nails and those that tongue and groove the ends. In the words of a lumber paper: ‘“ Maple flooring has come to be regarded as the thing indispen- sible in most public buildings, and is largely used in private dwellings. Such an extent has the demand reached that the large dealers are obliged to make con- tracts for millions of feet far in advance of requirment, the same as is done with pine or any other wood of ex- tensive sale and consumption in the building trades and ~ manufacturing.” Pins: SHAFTING.* NEED offer no apology for bringing a subject of this kind I before an Association of Stationary Engineers, for wherever you find a stationary engine you will also find more or less shaft- ing; and if any other excuse were required it will be found in the fact that questions on shafting are quite frequently found in the Question Box at our meetings. It may be, however, that there are some present who think that as engineers they are not expected to have anything to do with shafting- They may argue something like this: ‘‘ Our employers expect too much from us; they look for us to wheel in coal, fire two or three boilers, wheel out the ashes, attend our engines and a score of other jobs, as well as find tools for the whole establish- m-nt; and it would be just as well not to know anything about shafting, or we would be expected to attend to that too.” In ans- wer to such I would say, that it is not often that a man loses his situation by being too well posted, and in this world of changes one never knows when he may be called on to make use of the knowledge he possesses, It is of the greatest importance that all shafting should be prop- erly proportioned and correctly put up, as it not uncommonly hap- pens that great loss of power and much annoyance results from carelessness or ignorance, and a plant that is otherwise of the best, rendered unsatisfactory. The first question the engineer has to decide is what size or Strength of shaft he requires to do a certain amount ot work, and in doing so he must bear in mind that a small increase in diameter will give a large increase in Strength, It isnot an uncom- mon thing to hear a man say that sucha size ought to do the work, but to be on the safe side will put in a Size larger, not know- ing that he is adding a much larger factor of safety than he had any idea of. The strength of a shaft varies as the cube of its dia- meter varies. Let us assume that 1” shaft will safely drive at a given speed four horse-power; a 2” shaft will drive as much more as the cube of its diameter in excess of the cube r. The cube of ui’ isixrxt=1, Thecube 2” is2x2x2=8, The cube of 3 is 3* 3% 3= 27 and the cube of 4 is 4x 4x 4=64. Now we assume that the x” shaft drives 4 H. P., the 2” shaft drives as much more as the cube of its diameter is in excess of the cube 1; the cube of 2 is 8, therefore its power compared with the x” shaft driving 4 H. P., 1s 2xX2xX2=8x4=32 H. P., and comparing the 3” shaft with the x”, the cube of 3” is 27 and the power of the 1” is 4 H.P.—4 x 27=108 H.P. It must be borne in mind that these figures are comparative and are given to show the rapid increase of strength in a small increase of size, for if we were to use a 3” shaft instead of a 2” we would have 108 H. P. instead of 32 H. P. Another fact we must not lose sight of is, that the power a shaft will drive is in direct Proportion to its speed. If a shaft drives 4 H. P. at 100 revolutions per minute, at 200 revolutions it will drive 8, and at 300 it will drive x2 H. P. The high-r the speed of the shaft the smaller the diameter of the shaft to drive a given H. P. Then there is another important consideration in selecting a proper size for a shaft —as they are inclined tobend and also to twist we must take into account the weight of the pulleys and the distance they are from the bearings and whether the strain of the belts is down or the reverse. The bending of a shaft as well as the torsion contributes towards its liability to break, but the bending is the most likely tocause it. The bending also causes a considerable loss in power as well as the liability of belts running to one side of the pulleys, It follows therefore a shaft loaded with pulleys must have a greater number of bearings and the pulleys placed as near the bearings as possible. To put up a larger line of shafting than is necessary, is objec- tionable for two reasons ; Ist it costs more to put it up; and end it costs more to run it after it is up. The extra weight of the long shaft as well as the larger circumference which has to move through a greater distance will add materially to the friction. There is one other fact I would notice before leaving this part of the subject, and that is, that the second and third lines may be smaller than the main driver. The reason of this obvious, for the first line has not only its own machinery to drive but also the sec- ond and third lines with the machinery driven from them. To make this clear, I have prepared a diagram which I believe will make it plain to everyone. We will call it a mill or factory, and we assume that the machinery in it requires 100 H. P. to drive. The machinery on the first floor requires 45 H. P., that on the second, 30 H. P., and on the third, 25 H. P, Now the shaft A and B are practically one shaft, being coupled together by the gear; so are C and D, and Eand F ; but while practically one shaft, A has to transmit 100 H. P., while B only transmits 45 H. P., therefore B may be smaller than A. B having absorbed 45 H. P., it follows that C has only to transmit 55 H. P., therefore C may be smaller than A. The machinery on the first and second floors has now absorbed 75 H. P., leaving only 25 H. P. forthe third floor, therefore the shaft E and F may be smaller than C, The same argument will hold good with the shafts-B, D, and F. If the machinery which they drive was equally distributed from end to end, then the ends furthest from the motive power might be smaller because they would have less power to transmit, but in practice the disadvantage would be greater than any gain that would be derived from so doing. I will now give one or tworules to determine the size required to drive a given H, P, * Paper read before Toronto No. 1, C. A, S. E. by Geo. Gilchrist. To find the power a shaft will transmit, cube the diameter and multiply by the number of revolutions per minute, and by two, if it is the first line from the engine, and by three if it is the second, and divide by 100. The crank shaft being the first or prime mover. what power will a 2” shaft transmit as a second mover running at 300 reyolu- tions per minute? 2x2x2=8x 300= 2400 X 2=4.800+ 100 = 48 H. P. If steel add 30 per cent. If this shaft was to be used asa second line then it would be: x2x2=8x 300= 2400 X 3=7,2'00 +100=72 H. P. Where the power required is known and num- ber of revolutions is given and the size of shaft is wanted, proceed as follows: What diameter of shaft is required as a prime mover to transmit 75 H, P. at 175 revolutions? 75 X 100=7.5090+175= 42 86+2=21.43. The cube root of 21.43 iS 2.75, (2.7776) the dia- meter required. The same problem with the shaft used as a second line, would be: 75x 100=7 so0+175=42 86+-3=14 28. The cube root of 14 28 is 2.42 (2.4261) the diameter required. Having got the size we want, the next thing is to get it put up, and it is right here where many failures and mistakes are made. yy There is perhaps no part of the plan which should be more care- fully looked after than the proper lining of the shafting because it is a never-ending source of annoyance if out of line. The rules ~ governing the putting up of shafting are few and very simple: 1st, Be sure that your shaft is exactly at tight angles with the engine pulley; 2nd, see that it is dead level ; and 3rd, be sure that it is as straight as a linecan make it. The same rules should be observed with intermediate and counter-shafts, they must be parallel with main shaft. All shafts carrying pulleys must be level ; a shaft driven with gear from a horizontal shaft must be at right angles with it but may be run at any angle from the horizontal, and the same if driven from a perpendicular—in this case the - driven shaft must be level, but may be ruain any direction. Ifthe building is likely to settle the adjustable hanger should be used, but where there is no danger of settling, stationary bearings should be used, especially for dynamos and all heavy machinery which ought to be a rigid as possible, I do not think it advisable to give any rule for the distance-at which bearings should be set, as circumstances vary in almost every case, but would state that for a a 3” shaft the distance should never be more than 15 feet, and fora 2” shaft not more than 11 or 12 feet. These distances in both cases are for shafts without pulleys. 2 We have stated that second and third lines of shafting may be smaller than the first, but this applies only where they run at the same or at higher speed, and does not apply where the speed is reduced for the purpose of driving heavy and slow speed machin- ery or lifting heavy weights, Let us try to make it plain. Let us assume we have a weight of 33,000 lbs. to lift and a one H. P. engine to lift it with; we can raise the weight one foot high in one minute, but if our weight 1s ten times as heavy, or 330,000 Ibs. , it is evident that to lift this with the same engine it can only be done by a sacrifice of time, or in other words a reduction of speed (bear in mind that to lift a weight greater than the motive power can only be done at a sacrifice of time). Now what are we going todo? Our weight is 330,000 lbs., and our engine is only r-roth the power required to lift it. It is evident we must construct a sys- tem of reducing gear. We will assume that we require three re- ductions—the first reduction will be from the engine to the first. shaft, and soon until we reach the third or last shaft which sup- ports the weight. Now the nearer we get to the weight the stronger must the shafting be, and the same with the gear, be- cause as each shaft is reduced in speed it is capable of transmitting less power, and therefore must be increased in size, Precisely the same principle is clearly shown in the use of the lever—a man can lift a heavy weight with a lever, but it is always at a sacrifice of time or speed. It is also well understood that the end of the lever on which the man rests may be very much smaller than the end which rests on the fulcrum, because on it Tests the whole weight. , < PHD CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 LINING UP AN ENGINE. By W. E. Crane. NGINEERS are often bothered by the pounding of their engines, and as pounding can be heard by everyone in the neighborhood, it is very annoying. There are many things that cause pounding, so that in some engines the cure of it is quite a complex subject. Being out of line is the general cause. Either the shaft is not in line with the cylinder, or the crank pin is not put in straight, or something else of the kind is the mat- ter. A high speed engine perfectly in line will be very Lining up an Engine.~Fig. 1. apt to pound with a light load, unless there is consider- able depression, owing to the heaviest thrust coming on the end instead of the commencement of the stroke. The thrust is caused by the momentum of the moving parts. To ascertain if an engine is in line, the back cylinder head should be taken off, the piston, piston rod, and cross-head should be taken out of the way, and a line A A, Fig. 1, should be put through the cylinder and extended beyond the crank. To hold this line in the cylinder we take a strip of board, A, Fig. 4, and bore a couple of holes to fit over two of the studs at the end of the cylinder, and in the center of the board we bore a larger hole, say 14% or 1 inches in diameter, and attach the cord to a little stick B, that stretches across the hole. The strain on the cord will hold this in posi- tion, and it can be readily shifted. In front of the crank set up an upright, A A, Fig. 5, with a hole in it and astick B across it. The hole should be in line with the middle of the crank pin. The cord used for this purpose should be strong and small, and should be made of something that will stretch per- fectly straight. A silk hair line, such as is used by fish- ermen for fly fishing, is the best. Some men use annealed wire, but wire gets hard and stiff, and kinks get in it which can never be perfectly straightened, and one of these kinks is very apt to come where you want a perfectly straight line. Wire is not recommended. Be sure that the stuffing box K, Fig. 1, is perfectly clean. Attach one end of the cord to the stick B, Fig. 4, and ~ the other end to the other stick. The cord should then be drawn so tight as to be perfectly straight. It can be tightened by turning the stick B over and over. To center the string cut a stick a trifle over one-half the Fig. 3. diameter of the cylinder in length, and try the cord in the end of the cylinder, cutting off the caliper stick as occasion requires, until the cord is exactly in the center of the cylinder. Then get a shorter stick and try in the stuffing box, moving the end of the cord that 1s beyond the crank until the cord is centered in the stuffing box. Then go to the back end of the cylinder and try that again, and so on from one to the other until the line is exactly in the center in both ends of the cylinder. There is now a line to work from to bring everything straight with the cylinder. The first thing is to find out if the guides are in line. Take a stick (Fig. 10) with one side straight. Bore a small hole in it and put in a second stick, as shown in the cut, so that it will be held snugly but will still be loose enough to be easily moved. Set this stick against the edge of the guides at [ and J, Fig. 6, and move the small stick up to just touch the line. The end of this stick should be sharpened so as to bring a small surface to the line. If the guides are in line, the stick should just touch the line when tried at both ends. If they are not in line it will touch the line at only one end. Ifthat _ is the case there is but one remedy, and that is to swing | the cylinder around and put in strips of brass at L, Fig. 1, as this is the place that the guides are usually out. This is quite a job and requires some time and consider- able patience. It is occasionally necessary to shim the cylinder up on the other side. The line will now have to be set over agair. until it is once more straight with the cylinder and guides. Fig. 7 is a cross section of the guides through the line XX, Fig. 6. A plump line sus- pended from point P will tell if the guides are perpen- dicular. around, until they are. In case this cannot be done, either the cross-head will have to be changed inthe shoes, or the shoes them- selves changed so as to run straight in the guides, level. of cross-head it would be eazy to tell how to do this. It isa very good test for an engineer’s judgment. Knowing the style The next thing to consider is the crank. Cut a small stick that will just fit into the crank, and mark a line§g f= been babbitted, there will be a small ring on each end ay \ # of the pin that will not be worn. across the center. Bring the crank pin up under the line till it touches, and note whether the line crosses the mark on the stick, or how much of it is out; and then turn the crank around and bring the pin up under, the line on the other side. that side, and if out, whether it is on the same side of and at the same time . bring the cross-head ie 4 Note how much it is out on; If not, the bed should be swung over, or. Por 2 4 My Be certained by calipering, and if the pin is not straight the * difference must be allowed for, according to the circum- Pi he : handy support. The blocks C C should be placed against the end of the shaft the same distance from the center. The straight-edge D will then be at right angles to the shaft, and a square placed against the face of it and against the pin will show if the pin is straight one way. To determine if it is straight the other way, place the blocks C C and the straight-edge D in a horizontal position, suspend two plumb lines, F F, over the pin, as shown in Fig. 3, and run the square H along the straight-edge to the lines, when it should touch both lines. Should the pin become loose in the hole, and it be necessary to bore out the hole before putting in another pin, the boring can be set in the same MMAVIPLLPLLLTLILLLTLIU TPES SILAS If 4 Lada + way. It shonld be remembered that a crank-pin wears only on one side, and also that, if it has been out of line, one end may be worn more than the other. This can be as- stances of the case in hand. When the brasses have Pounding is sometimes ‘caused by the piston running over the ports, as shown in Fig. 9. The piston may then be thrown to one side, or ® raised up from the bottom, even when the steam enters the top. When such is the case, nothing can be done - the mark as before, or on the opposite. If on the same © except to make the piston fit the cylinder as well as side, it shows that the center of the pin is not in line 3 with the cylinder, and the shaft must be shoved endwise3¥ until the line crosses it at the middle. It the construction of the engine will not allow this with the means at hand, take off from the’side of the crank-pin boxes the amount that the line shows that it is out. Then fit pieces of brass on the other side of the crank-pin boxes to make up what has been taken off. Ifthe boxes can be recessed for these pieces, all the better; but if not, they can be fastened in with pins. If the line is on one side of the mark when the crank is on the center, and on the other side when on the other center, it shows that the shaft is not square with the cylinder, in which case the outer end of the shaft should be swung around to bring it straight with the line. If it should happen that the shaft could not be moved at that time, the distance that it must be moved can be calculated, and then it can be done any time afterwards. Suppose that Fig. 8 is a shaft and crank. It is plain that as the distance from the angle to I, in either direc- tion, is the same, moving one of these points a certain distance will move the other one the same distance ; but if we double the distance to one of them, carrying us to 2, then we should move 2 twice the distance that we should 1; so that to find the distance we should move the end of the shaft we must divide the length of the shaft up to the outer pillar block by the length of the crank (not the length of the stroke), and multiply the result by the distance that the line is out from the mark on the pin. For instance, if the mark on the pin is out 1-16, the shaft 2% feet long, and the crank one foot long, we multiply the 1-16 by 2%, . which makes 5-32 that the outside pillow must be moved. To find if the shaft is level, place the crank upright and suspend the plumb line down over the end of the pin, and then turn the crank down and note how much it is A similar calculation will give the amount the end of the shaft must be raised or lowered. To determine if the crank pin is straight with the shaft would be an easy matter if the face of the crank was flat; but as a general thing, when the shaft is finished it is left uneven, as can be seen by putting on a steel straight edge. Even if the face is flat it is possible that it is not square with the shaft. To deter- mine, ihen, if the pin and shaft are parallel, take two thin blocks C C, Fig. 2, and a straight edge D, and hold them in position by the stick E placed against any Fig. 6 out. possible. Fig. 11 is a caliper stick for setting the line, and can be whittled out of any handy piece of pine. SPLIT PULLEYS. Iron Trade Review, that there are some methods coming into vogue that are cheaper in the long run to * use than to be without? Among these is the split pulley. It costs money, and big money, too, at times to cut a keyway in a shaft when anew pulley is to be located. Have you ever used a good split pulley? If not, do so. A short time since I fitted out a whole shop with pulleys and shafting, and used nothing but split wooden pulleys. Hold? Well, not at first. Each pulley was tightened as well as we could do the work at the start and then watched. At the first indication ofa slip the wrench was put on again and that settled the matter for all time. I had those pulleys driving every conceivable kind of ironworking tool, from a light drill to a heavy hammer, and never had the slightest indication of trouble. Then, when new tools were bought and old ones had to be shifted, ten minutes sufficed to take down the pulley. But when I did that job, I didn’t know as much as I do now. I allowed builders to sell me tight and loose pulleys on the counter-shafting, so that for every machine having a four-inch belt I had to buy a nine-inch split pulley. If1I had the job to do again I would specity clutches. Of course the clutch would cost more than the extra paid for the double width split, and the additional loose pulley, but not so very much. And then I would save weight on my main line ; and room also. epeiers oS > 28 oe CAUSES OF EXPLOSIONS. HE causes of explosions may be summed up in one sentence, namely, lack of strength to withstand the pressure. This want of strength may be due to faulty construction, but as a rule it is due to some acquired weakness, unknown simply because unlooked for. Weak- ness results from unequal heating, which produces un- equal expansion, from corrosion, improper setting, scale, low water and want of circulation. It may not always be possible to avoid unequal heating, as for example, in getting up steam many boilers will be hotter in some parts than in others, but scale can be prevented by “ boiler compounds,” and low water by a little care. In some types of boilers no provision is made for water cir- culation, and unequal heating is bound to occur. A thorough inspection from time to time will inform the engineer if his boiler is weakened by it, but the best plan is to use some other type. To sum up, the engin- eer must understand and act upon the motto, “ eternal vigilance is the price of safety.” —Safety-Valve. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERIMAN PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH 525 gee Cc. Ee MOR Tire re CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, ToroNTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy One Year, in advance so... 00. ocescccecececccess. $1.00 ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominicn, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the cummerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing thes> topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetrv*+ Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to “WaNnTED” and “For Sate” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of rs cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is hot ap individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on tur list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. —$———————— THE LUMBER SITUATION. NOTWITHSTANDING the excitement of a general elec- tion for Ontario, and the continued sittings of the House of Commons, the question of lumber has been quite to the front in discussions of the month. As our Ottawa correspondent has remarked the very fact that an elec- tion is on has given zest to lumber affairs, A letter written by Mr, John Charlton, M. P., to the Senate com- mittee at Washington, suggesting a certain measure of retaliation on Canada regarding United States duties on lumber and manufactures thereof, provoked a stirring discussion in the Commons a week ago. The Wilson tariff bill, as it came finally before the United States Senate, made lumber practically free, with the one con- dition that a retaliatory duty shall have been levied upen those articles only upon which a Canadian export duty might have been imposed. The Wilson tariff, as_ will be noted from what we say further on, embraced a large list of free lumber items, and it appears that Mr. Charl- ton in his communications with Washington suggested : “Provided, that if any export duty is laid by any foreign country upon any of the articles mentioned in paragraphs 672 to 683 inclusive, that all said articles imported from said country shall be subjected to the duties existing, prior to the passing of this act.” Had the bill gone through without this amendment it would have been possible for Canada to have imposed an export duty on logs and at the same time cbtain free admission to the United States for a large number of forest products. It is for opening up this matter, which was perhaps an over- sight on part of the United States Senators, that Mr. Charlton is to-day being so severely criticised both in and out of the House. With a people as Sagacious, and shrewd, as our neighbors to the south, it might have been as well to have allowed them to figure out the tariff matter, according to their own notions, without help from Canada. Lumber ts cutting quite a figure in the Ontario cam- paign, the government timber policy being severely criticised by the opposition. What enters into the dis- cussion, however, is largely politics, and not business ; and outside the political leanings of lumbermen, the subject has little, if any, interest to our readers. A point that has frequently been raised before is coming to the front in this discussion, namely, that the provincial gov- ernment should provide that all logs cut in the province shall be manufactured into lumber here. The gOv- ernment’s reply to this question was made in these col- umns at the time the question was discussed in the House. Their contention is that any such step would lead to a serious shrinkage in the values of timber in Ontario. Mr. Bennett, member in the Commons for Simcoe, has suggested that the Ontario government might increase its stumpage dues from $1.25 per 1,000 feet to $5.25 per 1,000 feet, with a rebate of $4.00 thereon on all logs sawed in Canadian mills, and meet what is asked for in this manner. With free lumber, as now reported by the United States Senate, and likely to’become law, many conten- tions of politicians, both in the Dominion House and the Provincial Legislature, will be removed. It has been generally accepted by Iumbermen, holding different opinions on the question of an export duty, that entire free trade in lumber would meet the case of Canada quite completely. The new tariff places upon the free list the following articles of lumber or lumber manufac- ture : Firewood, handle bolts, heading bolts, stave bolts and shingle bolts, hop poles, fence posts, railroad ties, ship timber and shingle bolts, not specially provided for in this act ; timber, hewn and sawed, and timber used for spars and in building walls, timber, squared or sided, sawed boards, plank deals, and other lumber ;_ pine clap-boaids, spruce clap-boards, hubs for wheels, posts, last blocks, heading, and all like blocks or sticks, rough hewn or sawed only ; laths, pickets and palings, shingles, staves of wood of all kinds, wood manufactured. The one rider to this proposition is that contained in the paragraph we have quoted above, relative to an export duty, suggested by Mr. Charlton. What will be the effect of this tariff change on Canadian lumber interests ? This is the vital question. Under a reduction in duty on lumber to $1.00 a thousand a large increase took place in the export of Canadian lumber to the United States. With lumber entirely free it is reasonable to expect a further increase in our exports to that coun- try. Logs are already going in free, so there is not any incentive to further enlargement in that respect, and this is perhaps not desirable. An important question is this: Will the removal of the $1.00 duty on manufac- tured lumber prove an influence in causing United States lumbermen to establish mills on this side of the line and manufacture their logs into lumber here. It looks somewhat as if this would be the outcome of the present change. Geo. W. Stevens, of the Cranberry Lumber Co., Duluth, Minn., who was in Washington during the passing of the free lumber bill, and who, by the way, does not believe in free lumber, is of the opinion that the effect of striking down the tariff of $1.00 a thousand on lumber will be to cause Americans who own Canadian timber to establish mills in Canada. He is reported to have said: ‘“‘I know one Michigan firm which owns 500,000,000 feet in Canada, who are planning to erect mills and saw over there instead of rafting and sawing their logs here.” One of the leading operators in Bay City says : “The removal of the duty on dressed lumber will render it impossible to bring Canadian logs over here and manufacture them ata profit. It means that every box establishment will either have to go to Canada or shut up shop, and this will throw hundreds of men in this valley out of work. The blow is a serious one and it will be disastrous.” Another firm operating a large planing mill and box factory at the same place is said to have resolved at once to remove their box factory to Canada as soon as the bill becomes law. A little tiine will, of course, show just what will be the outcome, but it seems quite certain that free lumber will not be a bad thing for Canada ; and the fact that after so much discussion, and when other articles were given a go-by, it may be assumed that free lumber, in the opinion at least of the American Congress and Senate, will be a good thing for our neighbors across the line. JuLy, 1894 ee ee a EDITORIAL NOTES. IT is not alone in certain parts of our own country that a depreciation in property is being felt because of the exhaustion of timber near to the place where mills had operated. Figures are given by the Michigan correspondent of a lumber contemporary, showing that in that country a serious shrinkage in values is taking place on this acount, certain property on the rolls foot- ing up only $485,000, or about one-fourth of the assess- ; ment of four years ago. AN answer frequently made, when criticism is levelled at the large export of Canadian logs to the American side, is that much money is expended in labor before the logs are in shape to be rafted and that Americans who are cutting in our woods are paying a higher average wage to shantymen than had hitherto been paid. This is a statement of the case that does not square with the views expressed by Mr. B. H. Turner, of Little Current, on the Eli page, who says that American companies now bring in Poles and Hungarians to work for $12 to $18 a month, where the local standard of wages had formerly stood at $26 a month. THE present financial troubles of the N icaragua Canal Company must be a source of regret not alone to the lumbermen of British Columbia, but also to the lumber interests of the United Kingdom. The Timber Trades — Journal, of London, Eng., commenting on this matter says, that the only drawback to the use of larger quanti- ties of coast timbers is the long voyage over several months and the consequent heavy freights. Once let the canal in question be constructed and all these ob- stacles would disappear, and the splendid timber of those regions would reach our market in a few years, ata lower freight cost than is now paid from the pitch pine ports.” THOSE who have had occasion to study commercial conditions in Russia have been made aware of the large figure that the country of the Czar plays in fixing the prices of wheat. More and more development is being made along those lines. But, if information that comes to us through a Mr. Nicholas Nesteroff, who is at pre- sent in America at the instance of the Russian Govern- ment, to investigate forestry, is correct, his country will, before long, become quite a factor in the world of lum- ber and saw milling. He is largely interested in the study of band mills, and it is not unlikely that this modern method of milling will be introduced into Rus- sia. Itis claimed that Russia has almost no limit to its lumber supplies ; the figures given by Mr. Nesteroff are 600,000,000 acres. The government will be the great capitalist in this case and may erect as many as 200 saw mills. No high price is placed on timber in Russia, fir trees selling at what in currency would be equivalent to 12c. and 18c. each. 4. KIND words, evidently well deserved, are being given to the W.<. T. Uy by our lumber contem- poraries in the Western States, for the excellent work that this organization has been permitted to do in the lumber camps of Wisconsin, Minnesota and other points. The life of shantymen during the winter now closed has been made much more agreeable, and doubtless profitable, through the amount of attractive and entertaining literature that has been steadily sup- plied them. The suggestion is made by the Mississipi Valley Lumberman that a great work would be done if some steps could be taken “ towards removing the temp- tation from the boys when they come down from the woods in the spring of the year.” All interested in lum- ber know how much there is in this remark, for it is just at this time that the most serious breaks are made by the “boys.” On another occasion we have referred to the excellent work on similar lines, that is done for the Ottawa and Georgian Bay lumbermen by the Canadian W. C. T. U. workers. As a leading official of that order, in a letter to the writer some time since remarked, per- haps the only drawback to a further extension of work is the want of sufficient funds. = ™>——E====—_—_—_———ee The mill or the British Columbia Mills Timber & Trading Co., New Westminster, B. C., was partially destroyed by fire recently. Loss, $30,000. Rebuilding has been commenced. y THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 A R. H. B. Turner, of Little Current, Ont., when in the city a week ago, told of the effect of the free export of logs, upon that particular section of the Pro- vince. He said: ‘“ When that duty was in force we had three large saw mills at the Current running on full time. Now one of these, with a capacity of 100,000 feet, daily, is lying idle and another is only half stocked. Before the change in policy 125 men were employed in our own town on the mills and in loading lumber, and an Ameri- can company were negotiating for the purchase of Goat island as a site for another mill that would have added largely to the number of employees. But this latter deal is off now and companies that would otherwise give work for from one to two hundred men in the town em- ploy only six or seven. The innovation has also reduced the price of labor in the woods. American companies now bring in Polesand Hungarians who work for $12 to $18 a month, and this has brought down the local stand- ard of wages that formerly stood at $26 a month. This is a matter that effects Toronto as well as the Manitoulin Island and the North Shore. The transfer of the work of manufacturing lumber from mills at Little Current, Midland, Parry Sound, Serpent and Spanish River, to those at Bay City and Saginaw, has enormously reduced the sales formerly made by Toronto wholesalers in our country. There is no division of feeling in the lumber towns of the north. They are all for a restoration of the duty on logs and we feel, in view of the facts I have just stated, that Toronto ought to help us in this.” * * & ¥ _It is no easy matter to downa lumbeiman. Physical- ly they will hold their own with most men, as the case which I am going to recite is evidence. They havea faculty of “getting there,” to employ an expression of Sam Jones. When they run for parliament they are usually successful. When they aspire to office and honors in other directions the occasion is a rare one when they are beaten. Mentally there is a robust vigor about them that commands attention, whether in assert- ing a business proposition or in any other work of life. Perhaps the active training, many have had in fighting their way through the bush, and in levelling, after per- sistent blows, the hardy giants. of the forests, is an exer- cise that has developed muscle and mind. They seem, all through life to have drunk in the ozone of success. Now to illustrate. The story comes from the Lower Provinces, and tells of the forcible resistance encounter- ed by a couple of officers of the provincial police in their efforts to execute a warrant upon acitizen of New Bruns- wick and the incident has adventure enough in it to re- call to mind the story of Morrison, the Lake Megantic out-law. The present case arises out of a timber dis- pute, Mr. Connor, a rich timber merchant ina small town called after him, at the terminus of the Temiscouata railway, being the party for whom the officers of the law were sent to the sister province. A client of Mr. C. E. Pouliot, ex-M. P. P., and a resident of Temiscouata, took a seizure upon some logs he had sold to a Mr. Chisholm but that the latter had not paid for. Mr. Connors made aclaim upon the logs, too, and finally a seizure was made upon them in his hands. This Mr. Connors en- tirely disregarded, and also resisted arrest at the hands ofa bailiff sent to capture him, knocking down the officer of the law. Then Detective Patry and Sergt. Burke, ofthe Provincial Police, of Quebec, were sent for by i telegraph. They succeeded after some time in discover- is also a millionaire, and was found hiding behind a bar- ing their man, who is described as a perfect Hercules, rel in his shop. He was brought out by them, despite ‘the desperate resistance he offered, but immediately _ shouted to his employes, who were in the vicinity, to come to his assistance; and in less than five minutes 250 _of them were crowding around the officers, and naturally : succeeded in freeing Connors, although the police gal- lantly stuck to their man until forced to the last ex- tremity and compelled to leave him and return to Que- bec. k & & Mr. Geo. Bertram, who has a very complete know- ledge of lumber matters, from the fact of being largely interested in Canadian timber limits and saw milling, as well as being in the way of supplying mills with much of their equipment, is of the opinion, that the passing of the Wilson free lumber bill will be the means of stimulating saw milling in Canada in a very marked degree. Speak- ing, as he says, out of his own experience and knowledge, he refers to a saw mill at Midland, which has been lying idle for some time. It is owned bya Michigan firm, and just as soon as dressed lumber is admitted into the States free, that mill, he says, will be started running. At Parry Sound a large mill there is lying idle. To-day it is only a matter of negotiation, who will take the active management of it, and with free lumber, sawing will commence there. The same conditions apply in other places, that might be named ; and what is more, Mr. Bertram is quite convinced that United States lumber concerns will, in a very short time, commence the erec- tion of mills in Canada and send there stuff forward manufactured. It is just like this, argues Mr. Bertram, To day much lumber is being sent to Michigan in the shape of logs. There it has to be sawed into lumber and distributed from that point. With mills sawing on this side of the line, in many cases manufactured lumber can be sent direct from here to the point of destination without stopping midway and then being reshipped. Itmay be remarked here that this view is voiced very plainly by lumbermen from Bay City and other Michigan points. Some of these views are given elsewhere, I understand, in this month’s LUMBERMAN. x * * * A conversation I had the other day with Mr. F. N. Tennant, lumberman, confirms the reports reaching the east of the unsettled condition of the shingle market in British Columbia. Mr. Tennant has been handling red cedar shingles in considerable quantities and had an- ticipated a solid growth of trade in this province. A combination of the shingle men of British Columbia was perfected in the early spring season with the idea of helping in that direction. “It is just like this,” said Mr. Tennant, “the combination is still in existence, but prices have not been maintained, though there is no cutting as yet, as far as I know, among the manufactur- ers themselves. Prices ave uniform. The prices of cedar shingles had been fixed at $2.75. This figure has now been dropped to $2.60, for the reason that some manufacturers had taken orders, perhaps up to the amount of 200 cars, at a lower rate than that fixed by the combination, before this organization had been formed, and these men and their customers in Ontario have insisted that in so far as they are concerned the lower price must hold good. The result is that red cedar shingles to-day are being sold in many hands throughout the province at a reduced figure, which does not give any inducement at present to push things. Of course when the supply at the lower figure is exhausted, the expectation is that {prices will go up again, but 200 cats of shingles reaches close to the estimated con- sumption of the province for one season. Possibly 50 cars additional would be sold, but not any more. There is no money to the British Columbia manufacturers in this change. In fact, to quote the words of one of my correspondents, ‘ If they manage to get themselves out of the hole even this season, they will be satisfied.” I asked Mr. Tennant if he anticipated that free lumber would have any effect upon shingle manufacturing on the Pacific coast. His reply was that, “ He feared our people there would find strong competition from Puget Sound manufacturers. When the Dominion government announced that the duty was taken off shingles, we, along with other dealers, no doubt, in the province, received circulars quoting shingles from the Sound at $2.35. Of course pressure was brought upon the government, and they returned the duty until such a time as free lumber would become a certainty. It looks as though this time had about ar- rived, the Senate having passed that clause in the Wil- son bill. So soon as this regulation comes into effect, I fancy, we are likely to hear more from the Puget Sound shingle men. They will be able to drop thirty cents, the present duty; and freight rates are in their favor, the United States roads carrying freight at a less rate than the Canadian roads.” Mr. Tennant says that the lumber business generally throughout the province is very quiet, there not appearing to be any activity in building opera- tions in the rural sections. He looks upon free lumber asa step that will help to revive trade and that will probably lead to a very considerable increase in saw milling in Canada, as he thinks United States lum- bermen will find it will pay to cut their lumber here, when it can be exported free of any duty, rather than ship the logs and then have them cut up and re-shipped again to the trade. Being reminded of a statement that I had heard made, namely, that nearly all the oak and birck used for manufacturing furniture in Canada was brought in from the States, and the reason given that our mills could not cut these timbers in a manner to make up into furniture, I asked Mr. Tennant if he could give any explanation of this strange condition. He said the statement was perfectly correct, and putting his hand on a handsome desk at which he was sitting, he said it was not possible, or at least it was not being done by our hardwood saw mill men, to cut oak so as to make up into stock of that kind. He had frequently spoken to hardwood men about the matter and their only reply was that it paid them better to go onas they were going, cutting the timber more in the rough. * & * How true it is, that, as a people, we know little of the beauties and riches of our country. Fashion compels us to go abroad for recreation and sight-seeing but the greater beauties are at our own door, within the limits of our own beautiful Dominion. It is not the first time that reference has been made in these columns to that very interesting portion of country known as the Lake of the Woods. It delights everyone, who has had an opportunity to visit it. To lumbermen it has not alone the attractiveness of picturesque beauty, but it has been learned, that in this country there are wonderful riches of timber, that will yet prove most valuable to our people. One who has recently been there says of the Rainy River: “The river without doubt is one of the most beautiful on the American continent, if not in the world. The banks of the Rainy river on both sides, aloug its entire length, are clear cut and well defined, and are from 20 to 30 feet past high water mark. The well-tilled fields and comfortable homes, many of them of pleasing, attractive exterior, the large barns, the sleek horses, cattle, sheep and hogs, all along the Canadian side of the river, bear ample witness of the richness and pro- ductiveness of the soil.” Norway pine is the principle wood of the Rainy lake country. Some of this is of quite an inferior quality, but large quantities of valuable _logs have nevertheless been cut there, floated down to Rat Portage and cut up into lumber. There are timber limits of Norway pine with a sprinkle of white pine of considerable dimensions tributary to these waters. On the American side an agitation is going on for a railway into this country. The statement is that hundreds of millions of feet of pine are still standing unsurveyed on that part of Minnesota. Another writer who has travelled over the ground expresses the opinion that one of the best opportunities on this continent for lumber mills is now opening out in the vicinity of Rainy river, either on American or Canadian soil. I like in these monthly chats to keep readers posted in regard to lumber affairs in all parts of our province and it is especially in- teresting to hear from men of a particular section of country, which they have been able to observe with their own eyes. — DROWNED AT FRENCH RIVER. HE death by drowning at French River, on Thursday, June 21, of Mr. John E. Waldie, second son of Mr. John Waldie, of this city, president of the Victoria Harbor Lum- ber Co., and who has for years been one of the most esteemed and representative members of the lumber trade in the Province, was asad shock to the many friends of the deceased. The younger Waldie was 25 years of age, and had the management of his father’s affairs at French River. The accident happened through the capsizing of a canoe which the young man had Deceased leaves to mourn his loss, besides been paddling. his parents, a number of brothers and sisters, to all of whom the LUMBERMAN extends its warmest sympathy. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] ROM the fact that a general tario, and the time cannot election is near by in On- be far distant, before there will be an election for the entire Dominion, is no doubt a partial explanation of the attention that is given to lumber matters in the Ilouse of Commons. To an outsider not conversant with the whole situation this may seem difficult to explain, but when we remember that the timber resources of Ontario are among its largest assets and that criticism is being leveled at the timber policy of the On- tario government, we can understand how opponents at Ottawa will endeavor to make circumstances turn to the disadvantage of the Government at Toronto. When members of the Com- mons, therefore, rise to talk on export duty and other phases of the lumber question, it is sometimes the case, particularly when these gentlemen are representatives of Ontario constitu- encies, that they are not talking to the House of Commons, but making a stump speech for or against the local government in this province. One of the liveliest debates the House has had on the ques- " tion of lumber was that of a few days ago, when Mr. John Charlton was called to account for tendering his advice to Washington how to overcome opposition that existed in Canada against free lumber. I am not going to express an opinion on the merits of the debate, but to say the least, it does appear to have been an impolitic move for the member for Norfolk to have, seemingly at least, been so solicitous of American lumber interests. But I expect we may safely leave a settlement of that matter to Mr. Charlton’s own constituents and the votes of Norfolk. INDIFFERENT “LENGTHS. Senator Clemon has withdrawn his bill with reference to the sawdust pollution of the Ottawa river. An estimate puts the sawdust and mill refuse thrown daily in the river from the Chaudiere equal to about 150,000 feet of boards, say 12 car loads. A prominent lumberman has said that a million and a quar- ter feet would be the full amount of this year’s square timber drives down the Ottawa, where 4 years ago almost five million feet went down and 6 years ago there was almost eight million. An official of the Canada Atlantic railway is authority for the statemeat that the shipments of lumber over that line are falling short of last year, owing to the continued depression in the American market. W. C. Edwards & Co. are the purchasers of a large tract of timber from McKay & Hough on the Black and Colounge rivers, and over 4,000 logs of last winter’s cut. The Klock timber limit of Bear creek, north of the Ottawa river, has been sold to Gillies’ Bros., of Braeside. The limit measures 52% sq. miles and the price obtained was about $310,000. A valuable lecture on forestry was delivered here about a week ago before the Royal Society by Prof. Fernow of the Division of Forestry in the United States Dpt. of Agriculture. A grand reception to members of the House of Commons and Senate and others was given by Mr. W. C. Edwards at his Rockland farm on the 2nd inst. It is needless to say that a jolly time all round was spent, and every one admired the prettily situated and growing town which clusters around Mr. Edward’s mills. The cut of these mills is over 300,000 feet per day. W. C. Edwards & Co, are shipping large quantities of lum- ber from the New Edinburgh piling grounds. The firm’s saw mill at that point is cutting a large amount of green lumber. It is not anticipated, however, that there will be any night work. ; OrtTawa, Can., June 22, 1894. TRENTON LETTER. [Regular correspondence CaNapA LuMBERMAN]. & Nada effect of the recent coal strike was distinctly felt by some of the local manufacturing and railway companies here, and a great deal of alarm was occasioned by the prolong- ation of the dullness, consequent upon the refusal of the Grand Trunk to move freights of a certain class. The Central On- tario Railway ran short of soft coal, and were obliged to pur- chase a car load or so from Messrs. Gilmour & Co., in order to tide them over the strike. ever, and business in this locality is beginning to assume a brighter color. The Rathbun Co.’s logs are now passing through the corpor- ation boom here, on their way to the Deseronto mills. A large gang of men is employed in the work. Freights are moving now, how- Lumber prices continue about the same throughout this county, but dealers are looking forward hopefully to a change for the better. : ; American buyers are making fair purchases, and a boom in the right direction is shortly expected. Messrs. Gilmour & Co. have made large shipments to the other side this spring, in addition to their extensive local sales. During the past few years the logs passing through the Gov- ernment Works in the Newcastle district have been subject to a toll, the amount of which, although not much per piece, is considerable at the end of a season’s driving. The lumbermen in this district are petitioning the Government to abolish these tolls, claiming that the works were made for the benefit of steamboats etc., and that the driving of logs and timber is not facilitated by the presence of these works. A large number of timber and lumber dealers are interested in the matter, and will meet the Hon. Mr. Haggart at an early date, and place the facts before him with a view to having the tolls removed. Over fifty thousand logs have already been run over the Gil- mour log-way at Dorset, and-a drive has now started from Raven lake for the Trent waters, the alligators being used for this purpose. Mr. David Clark, General Supt., has just returned from the new limits and reports everything progressing favorably ; so that in all probability the logs will be in Trenton this fall. TRENTON, Ont., June 24, 1894. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] |e a letter to the press, Mr. H. H. Spicer, the extensive shingle manufacturer of Vancouver, takes a rather gloomy view of the shingle situation. He figures up the markets in Canada for red cedar shingles not to exceed 200,000,000 per year. A moderate estimate of the capacity of the shingle mills of the province he places at 300,000,000 per year, and which can be increased by the present mills to 400,000,000. This is not a healthful condition for shingles, and it is feared that the inevitabie result will be that ‘‘ most of the mills will have to close down for lack of orders.” Under conditions of this kind the temptation, of course, is to cut prices, and this has been done too much inthe past. The association of British Columbia shingle manufacturers, recently formed, will, it is hoped, be helpful in preventing anything of this kind. In ans- wer to the criticism that the combine among shingle manufac- turers will result in an unfair advance in prices, Mr. Spicer says, that ‘‘ manufacturers in our association are not making 1oc. per thousand profit on their shingles, when they reckon $1.30 per thousand as the cost of production.” With shingle manufacturers occupying so important a position in the lumber economy of the province it is to be hoped that matters will shape rather better than Mr. Spicer anticipates. COAST CHIPS, W. L. Johnson & Co. are making considerable shipments of shingles. 500,000 went forward a few days ago for Ontario. The Royal City mills are shipping several car loads of lum- ber to the East. It is estimated that the Royal City planing mills of New Westminster will have lost $60,000 by their recent fire. The machinery was nearly new and of the most modern description. Insurance covered only one-third of the loss. Warehouses and mills are now being rebuilt. The Burrard Inlet Red Cedar Co.’s saw mill at Port Moody is cutting considerable quantities of all grades of cedar, fir lum: be: and shingles. A specialty is being made of the bevel cedar siding, which has become so popular in all the fashionable class dwellings in the Sound and eastern cities. New WEsTMINSTER, B. C., June 16, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanaDA LUMBERMAN], FINE lumber district of the province, embracing altogether 360 sq. miles, has come into the hands -of the Muskoka Mill & Lumber Co., cf Toronto. These limits are said to contain some of the best timber of the province, and represents one unbroken district, extending from the Restigouche river to the St. John, and up to the Quebec boundary line where it ad- joins the company’s timber limits in Quebec. The company intend to operate on both rivers. It 1s possible that ata later date they may build a mill at either Fredericton or St. John, where manufacturing will be carried on on an extensive scale. The custom here is for lumbermen to be placed in the woods about Oct. or Nov., but the Muskoka Co. will put their men in in July or August. The drives have suffered through want of rain, though at present date most of them have been got through, but not without an increase of expenses. It was feared that Gilman Bros. and Borden had 6,000,000 or 7,000,000 tied up on the upper St. John, but they have got through safely. The drives in Queen’s county are safe, but the cut is only about half of last year’s. The first week of the month showed 1,000,000 feet of long s a ee Jury, 1894 lumber cleared for United States ports ; 5,000,000 feet of deals for the United Kingdom, and 4,500,000 Jaths for the States. Some large shipments have gone out from Miramichi and there will be more to follow. A. Cushing & Co. have shipped a car load of lumber for a port in Brazil. James Miller & Co. have £0,000,000 feet safely down St. Mary’s river, said to be the largest drives ever taken down that stream. In Queen’s county, N. F. Douglas, J. A. Freeman and James Hunt have got about 6,000,000 into the booms near Milton. St. JOHN, N. B., June 20, 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER, (Regular correspondence CaNADA LUMBERMAN.] ITH few exceptions Michigan lumbermen have received with favor word from Washington, that lumber has been placed on the free list, subject, of course, to the final authori- zation of the bill by the president. It may be taken for grant- ed, however, I think, that lumber has gone through all right this time. Already lumbermen from here have crews out looking up limits in Canada, and when the tariff may be taken as a finality, some further purchases will likely be made, It is recognized by lumbermen that they will have to take into their calculations, in case of free lumber, competition from Canada, but they think that this will be more than offset by the advantage in receiving logs free, as without any doubt our lumbermen largely look to Canada, under present conditions, for supplies. SLOW TRADE. It is quite remarkable the extent to which the lumber busi- ness in Michigan is depressed. Letters coming to mill men from different points are of a very discouraging nature. What buying is being done is in quantities that would have been in- dignantly 1efused a year ago. More than likely a number of the mills will be closed down, unless the demand for lumber looks up speedily; for, what is most unusual, the piling grounds are really now taxed to their utmost capacity to hold stocks on hand. There can be no doubt that the close of the season will show the reduction in the size of cut to have run into large figures. The depression in lumber is reacting seri- ously upon the labor classes, throwing large numbers of them out of employment. BITS OF LUMBER. J. L. Hurst, who is well known as a holder of Canadian limits, is negotiating for a large trade in Minnesota. R. A. Loveland, of the Saginaw Lumber and Salt Co., does not take so gloomy a view of the situation as others. His ex- perience is rather different, having shipped by rail during April and May fully as much stock as he might have expected. It would be remembered what a falling off there was in lake shipments of lumber last year, the business being the smallest in twenty-five years. It is quite likely that the figures this year will come still lower. ? Mills at Alpena have been forced to shut down, owing to the rains having swollen the waters of Thunder Bay river. The Waubaushene and Muskoka of Toronto, two large Canadian vessels, have been loading at Ontonagan, Mich., taking 700,000 feet of board timber to Quebec for Geo. Mc- Burney, and from there it goes to England. It is said to be very choice white pine. : Heavy rains the first week in the month have, in some cases, caused hard work for drives. In other cases, of course, the rains have been a help. Lumber circles in Michigan lose one of their most promin- ent representatives in the death of Mr. Wm. McArthur, of the W. & A. McArthur Lumber Co., of Cheybogan, Mich. The deceased was one of several brothers, all of whom have been active and extensive operators in lumber for many years. The name is well known among the lumbermen of Canada. In May 1893 the shipment of lumber from Bay City shows 21,577,000 ft. and from Saginaw 16,310,000 ft. Cut these figures in half and the shipment for the same period this year — would not have been reached. ~ Three large rafts arrived at Bay City from Canada a week ago and have caused renewed activity in the mills. All mills at Menominee and Marinette, numbering 21, are running their fullest capacity. It is computed that up to the first of June over 30,000, 000ft. of Canadian logs have reached the Saginaw river. The Michigan Log Towing Association is doing an extensive business in bringing Canadian rafts here. Among those who are receiving logs in large quantities are the Saginaw Lumber and Salt Company, the South End Lumber Company, Merrill, Ring & Co., Hargrave and Co. and the Holland, Emery Co. SAGINAW, Mich., June 23, 1894. Jury, 1894 VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS. Lieutenant Schwatka, in describing some of the trees near Sonora, says that the ironwood looks very much like a fine variety of the mesquite, the wood of which is a bright cherry red. Its name is derived for its hard- ness and is well deserved. It uses up an axe to fell each tree, and as the quality of the different trees is always the same, and that of different axes is not, even that ratio of one axe to one tree has to be changed occasion- ally, and always in favor of the tree. It is said that a tramp who had wandered into that part of the country with the usual appetite of his class, applied for some- thing to eat. In reply he was told that if he would get out a certain number of rails for a fence, the proprietor would give him a week’s board. It was, as he thought, about a day’s work he had assigned him, and bright and early the next morning he sallied out with his axe on his shoulder. Unfortunately the most tempting tree he met was an ironwood, and very late in the evening he returned with the axe helve on his arm. ‘“ How many rails did you split to-day?” asked his employer. “I didn’t split any, but I hewed out one,” was the reply, and the tramp resigned his position. Ironwood Whilst common opinion is settled that the age of trees is to be fixed by the number and character of the rings to be found in every tree, technically the subject is open to debate. Accepting general opinion, however, as cor- rect, a writer in the Literary Digest enlarges the subject by noting other phenomena to be explained by these rings. Weare told, for example, that in the irregularities of these rings and other signs a very faithful register of climatic and other conditions in any given year during the whole period of growth is given. The years of small rings, that is of little growth, were either very dry, or the tree was exhausted by bearing an exceptionally heavy fruit-crop. The broad rings indicate abundant rain and good growing conditions. Brownish spots on the cut surface, looking as though they were worm- eaten, are evidence of a severe winter, the young sap- wood formed in suinmer having been partly destroyed by severe cold, and the injured part covered over with sound wood the next year. The year may easily be fixed by counting the rings from the outside. If the layers of wood are not of uniform thickness all round they afford evidence that at this stage of growth there were conditions which hindered. its growth on one side. The spread of its roots or branches has been arrested, perhaps, by a neighboring tree. The number of layers showing this irregularity indicates the number of years during which the tree was exposed to the unfavorable conditions. The student of forestry may learn lessons of practical value in the management of forests by a careful study of the annual rings. Rings In Trees. In a late number of Hardwood, Mr, O. S. Whitmore, the editor, who is a close student of forestry and at- tendant subjects, writes a special paper on the English walnut. He tells us that the tree called English walnut is a near relative of the native black walnut grown in certain parts of the United States. The name is a mis- nomer, for the tree is not a native of England at all, but of Asia, whence it was transplanted to Europe. It is true that it is cultivated to a large extent in England, both for the fruit which is sold in all American markets under the name of English walnuts, and for the lumber which the tree makes when it is fully matured. But it is also cultivated extensively in France, Germany and other parts of Europe. The continent exports far more of the fruit than does England. The tree is indigenous to the valleys and slopes of the Southern foot hills of the Himalaya mountains and on the eastern slopes of the Caucasus, and in fact entirely across the continent and in the islands of Japan. Its habitat is thus very English Walnut. extensive, and everywhere it is valuable, whether native or adopted. It is quite probable that the acclimated tree as now found in Europe, is quite as valuable as the Asiatic in its native wilds. The ancients call it the Jovis glans, the nut of Jupiter, whence our botanical term, jug/ans, which term covers the black walnut, (7. nigra) and the butternut (7. cézcera). The English wal- nut is the jug/ans regia. In its native haunts the tree is large, often from four to six feet in diameter and from 75 to 85 feet in height. In thick woods it is tall and with a smooth trunk and a smallish head well up, giving a good body for timber. But in upen glades, which it loves best, it is lower and wide branching, like the but- ternut. The wood is hard, heavy and much like our own black walnut in texture, but not always so finely “figured. In color it is a dark brown, almost black, the sapwood lighter. With one exception it is the nearest approach to the native walnut. That exception is the California walnut, (7 ~ufestris Eng.) which in some re- spects is the finest of the three dark species. The wood can be used for the same purposes as the black walnut, and not one person in ten can teli the difference when finished up. The tree flourishes fairly well in any mod- erately warm latitude. Under good care it is easy to propagate from seeds, and it grows rapidly as a sapling, and under good conditions will commence fruiting when ten years old, and thereafter will increase rapidly and continue to bear aheavy crop for from 50 to 75 years. There are trees in Europe, known to be 200 years old, which still yield abundant crops of nuts. At 4o to 50 years the tree becomes valuable for lumber, increasing from year to year at a pretage. HARDWOOD MATTERS S° extensive are the white pine resources of the country, that, naturally, at times, they overshadow the hardwood interests. When there is a fight in the Legislature or the Commons only white pine is heard of. Hardwood men know just how seriously this condition has operated against their interests in the past by allow- ing the duties, under the McKinley tariff, on white pine lumber to have been reduced to $1.00, while the duty on hardwood has remained at $2.00. Possibly when free lumber in its fullest extent becomes a tariff certainty with the United States this grievance may be removed. This is to be remembered that white pine and the softer woods can never fill the place of hardwoods, and already, we hear of cases where hardwoods have commenced to be more generally used, because of the scarcity of pine in some sections. I have always felt that the hardwood men have, unfairly, been compelled to take a side-seat. But possibly they have been to blame themselves, for have they not been altogether too easy going, and in more ways than one neglected to protest against wrongs, and organize to protect their own interests, when a step in that direction was much needed? * * * * A study of the report of the clerk of forestry for the Province shows that, in many counties, in tact ina large portion of them, what woods are left are hardwoods. In some cases, thanks to our prodigal methods of handling timber years ago, of these there is not any large quanti- ty. But we havestill rich resources, taking the province over, in these woods and we ought to make the most of them. It is known that a number of hardwood dealers in the United States, particularly those in the east, draw largely for their supply of lumber‘onthe Dominion, An authority on ‘he question tells us, that there are fine hardwood timbers to be found in Quebec and Ontario, within easy distance of the American border. Some of the best red oak, cherry, hard and soft maple, and rock and soft elm on the continent, says this writer, is found in these two Canadian provinces. Large holdings of hardwood in Canada are among American firms. One New York concern have something like 500,000 ft. of pumber I and 2, 4, 5, 6, and g quarter soft elm and pro- bably 1,000,000 ft. of common and shipping cull, all old stock and dry ready for shipping. Other concerns in New York, Boston, Albany, Buffalo, says Hardwood, of Chicago, hold stocks of elm, birch, red oak, and maple in Canada. * * * Mentioning this fact reminds me of a conversation I had afew days ago with one of the largest furniture dealers in the city. He tells me, on the authority of Canadian manufacturers, that nearly all the oak and birch, used in making up of furniture in Canadian factories, comes from the United States. These manu- facturers say, what ever the reason may be, that they THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 cannot get Canadian oak sawed in such a manner as to bring out the best features of the grain in the wood and this is also the case with burl birch. This occurred to me as an unpleasant reflection on our hardwood men ; and certainly a method worthy of Dickens’ circumlocu- tion office that we send our woods from here to the States to be sawed, so that they might come back to our manufacturers in proper shape for their use. What have our hardwood men to say about this ? iP te ON For the first time, we are told, since quarter white oak came into fashion there is a decided shortage in the visi- ble supply. The situation is explained by Hardwood thus: “In the first place the man who saws quartered oak must have plenty of timber to select from. He can use only his best clear logs, which naturally leaves those for plain sawing averaging a small per cent. of firsts and seconds. To even up, he must realize a price for the product of the selected logs for quarter-sawing which will cover loss on what is left. In the next place no lot of logs quartered will realize the per cent. of clears that they would plain sawed, and further they will pro- duce a lower grade below clears, and the total product in feet will also be less. The difference between first and seconds plain and quartered is quoted at abous $10; but in actual sales has lately been as low as $8, while the average price of the balance of the log is rot less than $2, the other way, or in favor of plain sawed. Add to this the extra cost of sawing, which cannot be less than $1 and is often $2, and the loss in percentage of uppers in the rejected logs and the loss in total output of the quartered logs, and it is plain to be seen why mill men cannot afford to quarter saw their white oak. It is doubtful if there'is any extra profit in quartered oak when prices are at their best, with the highest difference ever known, even exceptionally fine timber, running ex- tra high to clear logs. This isa point that has been slow to filter through the gray matter of the average hardwood man’s brains.” Ros. POSSIBILITIES OF SPEED BY STEAM. N his recent inaugural address, the president of the French society of civil engineers, M. du Bosquet, pointed out that express trains daily attain seventy-five miles an hour on down grades, providing that such speeds are not dangerous. But the engines are not sufficiently powerful to maintain such speeds on a level. A draw- bar pull which would give seventy-five miles an hour on a down grade of one in 200 would give only fifty-seven and a half miles on a level, and thirty-one and a fourth miles on up grade of one in 200. A slight increase in the average speed greatly increases the power required. If 322 horse-power will draw a train at fifty miles an hour up an incline of one in 200, for a speed of 125 miles 2,960 horse-power would be necessary. High speeds, more- over, increase the weight of the engines per horse-power, and there is a limit beyond which the engines could not move themselves. At their maximum power, the modern French locomotives weigh about 158 pounds per indicated horse power ; but a similar engine of 150 tons generating 2,000 horse-power, would be required to draw a train of 100 tons upa slopeofone in 200. The highest possible speed for such an engine and train up the slope would be eighty-seven and a half miles an hour, and for this the engine would weigh 670 tons and would generate 8,932 indicated horse-power. THE REASON WHY. N engineer observed his steam gauge indicating a higher pressure than his safety valve spring was set for. He slackened the spring, but the gauge kept rising and the steam did not blow off. When the pressure rose to 200 pounds he became alarmed ; and as he could not start the engine he started the injector and opened the water blow-off cock. The damper being closed, this had the effect to prevent further increase of pressure. On examining the safety valve it appeared that the brass seat of the valve was a bushing put into an iron casting, that it had become loose, and that the steam had pressed it up against the valve. As the valve rose the seat fol- lowed it, and there could not have been a release of steam until the bushing was pushed out of its hole. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAWN I! ne JULy, 1894 TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, June 25, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. | O his annual address to the shareholders of the Bank of Commerce a few days ago, General Manager Walker devoted, as is his custom, some little attention to the position of the lumber trades. Remarking that the exports of woods in all conditions, manufactured and unmanufactured, for the year ending June 30, 1893, was $29,000,000, against $25,000,000 five years ago, he draws attention to a feature of the lumber trade that possesses a good deal of encouragement. It has more than once been remarked in these columns, that no matter how severely lumber might suffer through a financial depression, such as has existed for the past year, yet there can be no doubt of the generally solid condi- tion of the trade. Lumber is an asset, whether vested in the individual or country, that in the present day must steadily increase in value. Mr. Walker’s refer- ence to the promptitude with which United States firms, who had contracted to take Canadian lumber, carried out their obligations, notwithstanding the finan- cial storm, is practical evidence confirming this view. Though the failures of individuals and firms across the border during the past 12 months have been numerous, and running into large figures, yet it has been interesting to note how lightly disaster has touched the lumber trade. In Canada, this is more exactly the case. Bar- ring a number of weak concerns that went under a few years ago, at the time of the break of the real estate boom in our own city, there has been little trouble to note in connection with these trades. Large amounts . of money are invested in Canadian timber, and in most cases these properties are held by men who have the ability and means necessary to withstand a financial storm. Writing of trade as we find it to-day, it has to be ad- mitted, of course, that there is a shrinkage in the volume of business doing, a result of the monetary stringency of the year, and in no small measure to the unsettled tariff conditions prevailing both in the United States and our own country. There is good reason to suspect that a finality has been reached, so far as the American tariff is concerned. We are likely to have free lumber. It may not be wise to predict just what the result of this will be upon Canadian lumber interests, but it will hardly prove of an unfavorable character. Business, as a whole, both here and abroad, must show healthful signs of revival before there. will be any large increase in the consumpt*on of lumber, any more than of other com- modities. People are not buying generously of anything just now. But when this revival takes place, and there is reason to believe that it is coming, though possibly slowly, lumber will feel the benefit of the turn in the tide about as quickly and completely as any other business. It 1s now generally conceded, that the cut of logs this year will be lighter than for the past year, though there will be abundance of logs to meet all demands. The supply of logs carried over from last year.represents quite an amount. Foreign advices touching lumber are not over encour- aging, and we speak now more particularly of the trade in England ; at the same time we learn that some heavy shipments are being made from the Ottawa section to Great Britain. Shipments of considerable size are also going forward from New Brunswick. At Quebec ports there is not any very strong evidence of a large trade being done. Despite the magnificent timbers of British Columbia the way has not opened out this season for very large exports. The Australian market, that has in the past been helpful to British Columbia trade, continues depressed, and the volume of business is cir- cumscribed on this account. Local trade is fairly active and if prices can be kept maintained perhaps a more paying business will be done by the shingle men than for some little time past. z Election matters are absorbing the most interest in Ontario for the past month, and lumber affairs are being © discussed, but outside of political talk there is not any large volume of business doing. Lumber business, so far as local consumption in Toronto, keeps slow. UNITED STATES. It is realized by candid and plain-spoken lumbermen that trade in the United States is going to show up ex- ceedingly light. Practically into the heart of midsum- mer now, there is nothing to give impetus to further trade this year. It may, with safety, be said, that the tariff, so tar as lumber is concerned, is settled, and whilst various opinions are held as to what the effect of free lumber is going to be on the general trade, yet the fact that the result is known, will likely lead to the per- fecting of definite plans. The most vigorous objection is coming from the Southern States, as yellow pine is looked upon as a competing line with Canadian white pine. But taken as a whole United States lumbermen are not very much terrified at the coming of free lumber, whilst it may be taken for granted that Canadians are satisfied. Recovery from the depression of a year and more, though slow, is coming along, and if crops, which now look hopeful, are of good size, and prices show any- thing at all of an upward tendency, the market will no doubt improve. One of the marked features of the trade is the general dullness that is shown in the Eastern States. Were we to single out any one line as being in an especially demoralized shape it would be spruce. It is a hard matter to make out what will be the outcome of the sprace market. A continued decline in price is tak- ing place. Large mills in Maine would like to close down, for there is no encouragement in manufacturing at present prices, but to close down means a serious loss. The Lumberman’s Review, of New York, remarks on the situation: “It is but a natural sequence that the small mills should be the first to succumb under the present conditions, for it is evident that with logs either on the Kennebee or Penobscot ruling at $10 to $11 per thousand, no mill can saw out a spruce frame and de- liver it at Boston or Sound ports for $13, and have as much money at the end as at the beginning of the season. But $13 is the basis to-day for any frame cap- able of being classed as “easy.” One year ago the price opened at $14.50, and held to that figure until the cloud of depression began to settle over the country, when strength was replaced by weakness, and the price went to $13.50 at the close.” FOREIGN. The Timber Trades Journal, of London, Eng., pre- faces an article on the future of lumber with the words, “Hopes are delusive.” It has really been impossible to keep track of the United Kingdom market for a year and more. It has certainly been dull. This much could easily have been written of it at any time, but yet this dullness has had frequent bright rays strike through it, and the hope on each occasion was, that this bright- ness might be lasting. It is here that hopes have been delusive. There has been no permanency in any revival that has shown itself, and we can hardly say any more of the British market at the plesent writing. Quoting again from our English contemporary, “Trade is as flat as ditchwater all the while the stuff keeps pouring in to speedily fill the gaps which the moderate supplies of previous years has brought about.” A discouraging sign of the market is the manifest desire of dealers to undersell each other in a vain effort to make a turn in business. Farnworth & Jardine, of Liverpool, in their current circular say, that the arrivals from British North America during the past month have been 8 ves- sels, 3,929 tons, against 14 vessels, 10,601 tons, during the corresponding month of last year, and the aggregate tonnage to this date from all places during years 1892, 1893 and 1894 has been 87,750, 72,626 and 65,744 res- pectively. The same authority says that continued dull- ness prevails with very little signs of improvement ; the consumption has been moderate, and there is little change in value to record, but some articles, such as Canadian woods, have given away owing to a decline in freights. Stocks of all articles are quite sufficient, in some instances, too heavy. A somewhat lengthy review of the Australian timber trade appears in the Melbourne Age of recent date, and it discloses the fact that the lumber market reports of late have been of more moving of timber. The terribly depressed conditions of lumber for a long period is ad- mitted, but these indications of a revival, though not very marked, have much of encouragement in them. The South American market, it is thought, will con- tinue to improve. TORONTO, ONT. ToRoNTO, June 25, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. I 1-4 in. cut up and better........ 36 00 1x10 and 12 dressing and better 22 00 7x10,and: <2: umill rin) ane eee 17 00 IXtO/and 12 Ccomumion-: yields ieee eee ee 14 00 Ix10;and 12 1sprice/enllss, .25 see ae II 00 1x10 /and'x2 mul cullss./4.c nee ee eee II 00 1 inch clear.and picks.....:-1;.0..:000+5. 32 00 1 inch dressing and better............... 22 00 Tinch/siding milllrim, 5. seen eee 15 00 1 inch siding common................... 13 00 1 inch siding ship culls.................. 12 00 1 inch siding mill culls................ 10 00 Culliscantinie:: os eect. on eneae 9 00 1 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank... 26 oo 1 inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run.... 15 00 1 inch strips, common............... 13 00 Ei-4 inchflooring, ssa 16 00 ZT I-2inch Goring. oven cel ee eee 16 00 XXX shingles, 16 inch......... 2 60 XX shingles 16inch............. 1 60 Lath; Noyxiessceeat eee 215 Lath, Woi2; 55 aie caer oes 1 85 YARD QUOTATIONS. a Mill cull boards and scaritling$10 oo F. M. » Shipping cull boards, promis- 1 1-2in. flooring, dres'd 26 00 30 00 cuous widths. ..... 13 00 - s rough 18 00 22 oo stocks . . . 16 00 Lg rn dres'd 25 00 28 00 Scantling and joist, upto 16 ft 14 00} x 1-4 in. flooring, un- = os - “ 18 ft 15 00 dressed, B.M. . . 16.00 18 00 ns a “ 20ft 16 00 | x 1-gin, flooring, dres’d 18 00 20 00 ss oY ‘* 22 ft 17 00 . “* undres'd 12 00 15 00 ot is “24 ft 19 00 | Beaded sheeting, dres- : Es “26 ft 20 00 sedi sae + + 2000 35 00 se #5 “28 ft 22 00 | Clapboarding, dres’d 12 00 ne a © 30ft 24 00 | X sawn shingles ne se 32 ft 27 00 per M...... 260 270 £ ae “ 34ft 29 50| Sawn lath....... 2 60 23 50| Red Oak... ++ 30 00 40 00 i sf “ -36 ft 3x 00| White “4. jo sseuam 37 00 45 00 s “38 ft 33 00 | Basswood, No. 1and2 28 oo 30°00 is 40 to 44 ft 37 oo | Cherry, No. rand2. 72 00 go 00 Cutting up planks, x White ash, r and 2. . 24 00 35 00 and thicker, dry . 25 00 28 00} Black ask, 1and2. . 20 00 30 00 ie board 18 00 24 00 i Dressing blocks . . . 16 00 20 00 Picks Am. inspection. HARDWOODS-—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Ash, white, 1 to2in..$18 00 $20 00 Elm, soft 1 ‘ 1%$z1 00 $12 00 “ee ““c “ ec : 7 24% to 4.. 2000 2400] * 2 “ 3,. 12 60) 33 00 * black; “x ai¢ 16 eo> Boe “ rock a ‘33% 34.00 abled Birch, sq., 1 ‘‘ 4.. 17 00 2000 We ee Pa “ 4x4“* 8x8 20 00 22 00 Hickory 1% “ 2.. 28 00 ge 00 oS ¥ed* 1x5 SS igi o fon ona Maple _ x ‘“ 1% 16 00 17 00 E "2 © 4.5 22 Go. 2E 00 = 2 ‘ 4.. 1700 1800 “yellow z ‘<4. a4 00) 28 am Oak,red,p'nt - “1% 28 00 30 00 Basswood -1 “ 1% 15 00 16 00 WOE oc Se iy 1%‘ 2.. 1600 1800| “ white“: « 14% 2800 3000 Butternut 1 ‘1% 2300 25 00| “ 5 «& 4-. 3000 3500 “ 2 ‘*3.¥ 2500 2800] “quart'dr “9.. 48 00 5200 Chestnut. “x “2.542% Go 25 00 | Walnut 1 ‘* 3.. 85 00 100 00 Cherry 1 “1% 5000 60 0c] Whitewood: “>.. 32.00 3600 ze 2 “ 4.. 6000 65 00 ~ “OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, June 25, 1894. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b.m 40 00 Pine, good strips, is AG ba 35 00 Pine, good shorts, — “ oa 7p 27 00 ine, 2nd quality sidings, per M feet, bim..:k.5 55: ae 20 00 25 00 Pine, znd quality strips, Be 35 fe os cae eee 18 00 22 00 Pine, 2nd quality shorts, i * Oe nae ee 15 00 18 00 Pine, shipping cull stock, “¢ ee aaa he as Gee 14 co 16 00 Pine, box cull stock, (3 ad esta oe eee Il 00 13 00 Pine, s.c. stripsand sidings “ e SS os eda II 00 14 00 Pine, mill.cull, «..., sras.< coarse bales ee ee 8 09 10 00 Lath, per: Mice cess a tench de pate: se een » £60. % go QUEBEC, QUE.- QueEBEC, June 25, 1894. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. . y ede ‘ : - Cts. cts. For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured Off... ...0.-s005a.ch sees 3 -dne ee 14 @ 18 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 1 20 For good and good fair average, “ a se ' ag tae For superior Sf . ee # “ 28 30 In shipping order f © Ms aS *" 294 35 Waney board, 18 to 19 inch x as al e ok Mane aif . ‘ “e « “ % Waney board, 19 to 27 inch s 37» ao RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality................. 14 22 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “ e oa Tite ae ae (2a Aaa OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. : By the dram, according to averageand quality. . . ... . 45 52 ELM. ‘ By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 10 50 feet. . 30" 32 & ‘ x "30 to35 feet. . 25 28 : . ASH. ; 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . . 30 34 . ; BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . * . . 20 23 TAMARAC, Square, according to size and quality’. <4. po 17 ~ 19 Flatted, e Me ee SS 1S 28 STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp’cfct’n—nominal . $330 $350 W. O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality. . . . 90 ©6100 DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $xr5 to $123 for 1st, $78 to $82 for "2nd, and $37 to $42 for 3rd quality. f, Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 for 1st, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $2x for 4th quality. OSWEGO, N.Y. OswWEGo, N. Y., June 25.—Any expected revival in the lumber trade that may have been looked for after the opening of navigation is slow to show itself. The shipments are running light and the unsatisfactory — = aa ese eS Pes 7 eo. See ee _ JuLy, 1894 feature of the trade is that no one seems just certain how things may open out later on. There is no notice- able change in prices. WHITE PINE. Three uppers, ry, - and 2 RACH eee eieaetctermietet Aetasiateres ae $47 00@48 oo RITES SO repaiei ela ninso's)nie nie elpseis Dioeisjnie'® 39 00 40 00 No. 1, cutting up, ‘ OF 9) nb ood GRSEne Drags (ona aura 34 00 35 00 No. 2, cutting up, ‘ Ci oe “ee Ot Bdhian (Caro CHOU TUCE DG 24 00 25 00 In strips, 4 to 8 ae selected for moulding strips, 14 to16ft. 32 00 34 00 SIDING. 1 in siding, cutting up 1% in selected....... 38 00@43 00 icks and uppers... 32 00@39 oo | 14 in dressing....... 20 00 22 00 1 in dressing.......-- 19 00 21 00|1% in No. 1culls.... 15 00 17 00 rin No. x culls...... 14 00 15 00/1 in No. 2cuils.... 14 00 15 00 tin No. 2 culls...... 13 00 14 00} 1 in. No3culls...... II 00 1200 1X12 INCH. Warandix6 feet, mill run..........ceecee cere e eters eens 00 24 00 12 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards 00 20 00 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better 00 31 00 12 and 16 feet, ROSCA RIMS petels piece cis acs) ela.sin' TS ziareid cle y/a,e) ia ol co 16 00 1X10 INCH, 12 2m 13 feet, mill run, mill cullsout..........--..-0-+-055 21 00 23 00 12 and 13 feet, dressing MAU DEEL M erste Car-letsisieteseaieys)siciessie70,0/« 26 00 28 00 1x10, 14 to 16 barn boards.........-...eeeeeesen ener eee eee 18 00 19 00 iz and 13 feet, No. rculls...........-.--. eee ener ee eeee 16 00 17 00 12 and 13 feet, No. 2culls..............ceeeeeen eee eee .. I5 00 16 00 14 to 16 feet, mill run mill culls out. 21 00 2300 14 to 16 feet, dressing and better............-...--+++- .. 26 00 28 00 14 to 16 feet, No. 1 culls..........-- 00sec ieee ee eee eee eens 17 00 18 00 14 to 16 feet, No. 2 culls...... 0.0.0.2 see ee reece eee e eens 15 00 16 00 ~ qo to 13 feet, No. 3 culls.........0--.see cesses e eee cece es II 00 1200 1&%x10 INCHES. Mill run, mill culls out.$22 oo@25 oo INOn a culls, 5:5 <1 Ga) WU Gre Bbc ncor sco gape une I4 00 3) lite pon. ae DB Oe oBEee Collie Azan ad fhrisewacca + os +: 15 00 For each additional 2 ft. add 1; 12 in. plank and timber $1 extra ; extra for sizes above 12 in. SHINGLES. 3 65 | x8 in. Cou Ra crete. 5 - 3 40} XXX shorts........... : 2 25 SENG Ta imetetettiepn eis iaieis’+ i lar=is THM MIC: Dor... e cer nase I 25 LATH. Lath, No 1, white pine....... 2 00 | Lath, No. 2, W. pine, Norway 1 65 BOX. i and 12 in. (No3 Narrow .....--.0.... 13 00@14 00 71) SP aaa ii (331) Seek dee oder aon tage 15 00 1800 1x6and Bin (No. 3out) 13 50] 1) in...... sess eeeee 15 00 18 00 1x13 and wider...... BES COM OO! 2 I scenic sie eases 15 00 18 00 SHINGLES. 18 in. XXX, clear... 385 4 0o|16in., *A extra...... 260 270 18 in. XX, 6 in. clear. 2 85 | 16 in. clear butts..... 2 10 LATH. NGA AAES o/c) 30s scr 6 2 50 Sep ase Lonagendags I 10 No. 2, 4 ft Motic Seog 3 I 95° NEW YORK CITY. NEw YoRK, June 25.—If any improvement in lumber is to be noted, perhaps it may be said it is for the best. Prices are a little firmer, and here is one indication THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ul along this line. With the railroad strike ended it is hoped that help will also come for this reason. White pine is not very brisk, nor is there any remarkable activity in Southern products. Spruce is slow to move. WHITE PINE—WESTERN GRADES. Uppers, x in....... $44 00@45 00 oo 1%,14%and2in.... 46 00 @17 50 3) ANd! AM rates «0 55 00 50 18 50 Selects, rin......-+-- 40 00 00 42 00 1 in., all wide...... 41 00 00 37 00 1%, 1%and2in.. 43 00 00 26 00 3 ANG 4 Wee ers crn 52 00 00 32 00 Fine common, 1 in.. 36 00 00 27 0 1%, 1%andz2in.... 38 oo 00 37 00 3 and4in.........- 46 00 co 36 00 Cutting up, rin. No.1 28 00 50 23 00 Lehi baer enneiceter tric 2I 00 00 22 50 Thick, IN(O5) Siete niets'= 29 00 00 20 50 INO, 2erislete cep neni 24 00 00 17 00 Common, No. 1, 10 00 25 00 BUC 02 Aer. os «. 22 00 20 00 22 00 NG @raouepdcodae 20 00 18 00 19 oO Wie “SNe hanabede en 17 00 ALBANY, N.Y. ALBANY, N. Y., June 25.—A certain degree of activity in lumber that was noticeable the early days of the month has hardly been sustained throughout the month. No one wants to buy in large quantities. Buyers who had hitherto purchased by boat load prefer buying in smaller quantities, and this, when such methcds are generally adopted, means a considerable lowering the volume of trade. Planing mill men are agitated on account of the likelihood of free lumber going through. They say it will seriously affect manufacturing at this point, as our people will not be able to compete with dressed lumber coming from Canada. PINE. 2¥% in. and up, good........ $56 $60 | ro-in. common............. $15 $16 sid Sa popooopcobECoun 58 | r2-in. dressing and better... 28 34 SSRs sporooseononupooor 50 (Qhoyuty (eo) stonite derdc uo aeano ry 17 Picking alecnveretereiviaieceieysissaye 45 | 144-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 40 45 1% to 2-in. good..........- 52) 55 Commoner ners I5 17 ide ta}? 5) ae ner OP OIG 47 50 | 1-in. siding, selected........ 38 42 SelectSrcrocr varie! selereisicrsse 42 45 (Common ms slede ciel aie = 15 17 Pickings .....-...00000e+ 37. 40 | Norway, clear............. 22 25 TeMNe SOOM) aieidie inte vie fees aie esis 52 55 DW Oss. be Ao oeee cedeT 16 18 Gin pycngaboo JooUeUdo 47. 50 Common ...........+---- Ir 15 SSELSCES ory visrniesojete alot ojnints's 42 45 | ro-in. plank, 13 ft., dressing c. c. Pickings . ... 37 40| and better, each....... 42 55 (Qilimroli) TAR OOO OH UBN ao 22 27 | 10-in. plank, 13-ft. culls, each 23. 25 Bracket plank . Betodsforaajaveinyalars - 3° 35 | ro-in. boards, 13 ft., dressing Shelving boards, 12-in. up zie 32 and better, each.......... 28 32 Dressing boards, narrow. 19 21] 10-in. boards, 13-ft. culls.... 17 21 LATH, Ii agecascoseodeonedeuss: op $2 oll SPLUCe! cierenore eee ive vie $2 30 $2 40 SHINGLES. Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 40 $4 50 Bound butts, €x18 ....$5 go $6 00 Clear butts.......... BiES> (3n25 | lemIOCK ./s ices oie cie wee 215 2 30 Smooth, 6x 18......- Besonls\G0) |p OPC re crash cie)els eco) le 220 2 30 BOSTON, MASS. Boston, Mass., June 25—Unquestioned dullness is the record of trade in this port. This is not confined to lumber only but the fact that things are slow generally is after all poor consolation for the lumberman who has bills to pay. The hope is bright, that when the tariff is positively fixed, general business will improve and with it lumbermen will be helped. Free lumber is not going to be altogether acceptable to the trade here and yet the very fact that the tariff is fixed will have a steadying ef- fect on trade. Spruce is out of all calculation in any re- cord of lumber affairs. It is being knocked hither and thither and the question is being asked, when will come the end? EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD, Ordinary planed Spinel cteleiietacres $925 975 Boards)... -ecinenes $12 00] 11-16 inch........ 9 00 Coarse No. 5......+ 16 00| Sinch........... 8 50 TREGUSE Re eeleir ciueiniei=s° Ir 00 612 00 | Clapboards, sapext.. 50 00 55 00 OER omadencanoata 900 ©1000 SEG Eeiripaocudor 45 00 5000 Boxboards, x inch... 10 75 11 00 Sap, 2nd clear.... 49 00 Te WIG eisietaiels keer sie 975 1000 UNG silse crass «taleteteite= 25 00 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Uppers, 1 me... .5. ee 00@54 00 | Fine com., 3 and'4 in 42 00 46 oo 1%, 1% and 2 in.. 52 00 55 00| No. 2, rin. Finecom. 28 00 30 00 gand 4im...-...... 60 00 1%, 1% and 2in... 29 00 31 00 Selects, 1 in........- 45 00 46 00| No.1 pe: 4 to 6i in. 43 00 44 00 1%, 1% and 2 in.. 48 00 5000| No. 2..........:. 36 00 37 00 Bets /) otipeatiagnne 5r 00 ING AEE hacteponneqcen 28 00 30.00 Moulding boards, 7 to Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.... 24 00 32 00 TUNIMs CLEAR cee 36 00 38 00 | Coffin boards........ 2I 00 23 00 60 per cent. ae - 34 00 36 oo | Common allwidths... 22 00 26 oo Fine common, rin.... 40 00 41 00 Shipping culls, 1 in... 15 00 15 50 14%, 1% and 2in. + 41 00 43 00 do 1¥ in. 15 50 16 50 SPRUCE—BY CARGO. Scantling and plank, Coarse, rough........ 12 00o@14 00 random cargoes.. 14 00o@15 00 Hemlock bds., rough. 12 00 13 00 Yard orders, ordinary “” dressed 12 00 14 00 SIZES ae ieieratciats aieia oe 15 00 16 00] Clapbds., extra, 4 ft.. 29 00 30.00 vard, porte: extra les arl 3 Gooat Sando 00 31.00 18 00 Second clear. 00 24 00 20 00 UNTO 1s, 0" nore uae co 616 00 17 00 LATH Sa pett GSO AO SUR CnC AO dee OOCD BEOOREEE FO CODES 2 50@2 75 SHINGLES. Eastern shaved sawed $3 25 cedar, 1st quality... 5 00 275 and quality _Joheaane 475 235 Cli ER? > oases 3 85 400 ORE ea AED) 5 5 GMO tonic ait ae 3:00 325 Sonics UN a's a cinievass I 50 - eit : ae ee a en ne se ree 7 ca m BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. TONAWANDA, N. Y., June 25—He would be a thor- ough going optimist who would anticipate that the month will close with either the volume of trade, or the prices, levelling up as well as for the corresponding month last year. The amount of trade doing is light and it is thought that any activity just at the present time will be cut very short as we enter into midsummer. Buffalo lumbermen are fearing that the continued dullness in trade will lead to a marked cutting of prices and this would demoralize trade not a little. WHITE PINE. Ope 1,14%,1%and 2 Shelving, No. 1, 13 in ADR ORATION OLE $46 00 48 00 and UP, I in... «+ 31 00@33 00 ae: And suit. cn. 52 00 55 00| Dressing, 1% in...... 25 00 2600 Az Aisle e sieaw v ecdivis «'¢ 2 58 00 60 00 14x10 and 12...... 26 Selects, rit. .-.---.- 38 00 39 00 Leg uAll ere ieee aalere 24 00 25 00 TES AN oeistens ales G2TOONb (2E AN Sod ele co piaie ey 26 50 28 00 2¥% and 3 in....... 49 00 50 00| Mold st’ps,1 to 2in.. 33 00 35 00 Au AY s/sarard ...... Ottawa. Foes eee Bronson & Weston Lumber Co..... 2 Sawmills, White and Red Pine, Wholesale... . Water, Gang and Band, 450m Parry Sound, Ont..... Withersonits i: eens Conger Lumber Co............ Lumber, Wholesale/and Retail’ s.r -- 00+ +c sc| aie ee Parry Sound, Ont.,... Parry Sound.... Muskoka Mills, Ont...|Midland.............. Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Head|W. Pine Lumber, Lath and Bill Stuff, all lengths.|2 Mills, Water, x Band, 2 Gangs Office, Arcade, 24 King st. w., Toronto and 3 Circulars. Alexandria, Ont....... Alexandria: .t.ci20s McPherson, Schell & Co. Bch ara 4.0 Cheese Box Factory, Pine, Spruce, Cedar ......].............. Almonté\Ont......... Altnontes iss. .2.028s Caldwell, A.&Son........... Sawmill, Pine, Lumber, Hemlock, Hardwoods. . Circular, 3m Barrie ONE. v ex i .--|80 M. per day, Stm., 2 Cir. Saws W. Pine, Lath, Shingles, Dim. Timber, Car Sills Stm, 2 Band, Cir. & Gang, 140m Saw and Planing Mills, Sash, Doors and Blinds. Steam, Gang and Circular 5. : Steam, Circular, 38m 5 Saw, Shgle. and Lath Mills, Pine, Spr., Hwds.] Water, Circular and Gang, 200m Stm., Cir., 4om, Shingles, 35m, a The Montreal Gar Wis! Go. .. MANUFACTURERS OF om Charcoal Iron Chilled RAILROAD WHEELS OFFICES: NEW YORK LIFE INSURANGE BUILDING, KONTREAL Works: LAGHINE, QUEBEG We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re. quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. GORRESPONDENGE Lumbermen desirous of being represented in this Directory can obtain information in regard to rates by communicating with the Publisher. TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 SOLICITED THE J.C.M°LAREN BELTING C2 monrreat . Jury, 1894 THE CANADA WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Adver- tisements must be received not later than the 24th of each month to insure insertion in the following issue. WANTED OR HEMLOCK, DIMENSION LUMBER, hardwood flooring, cedar shingles, piles, sawdust, etc., write J. E. MURPHY, lumberman, Hepworth Station, Ont. $5 00 CASH and balance can remain on mort- ’ gage for finest lumber yards in Toronto, at Queen’s Wharf, with buildings and brick residence and large tract of land, best of railroad facilities for shipping. $22,500 will purchase this property, which is a bargain seldom offered, easily worth $35,000. Apply G. G. Christie, Lumber Dealer, 86 Bay street, Toronto. FOR SALE ORT ROWAN SASH AND DOOR EACTORY and Sawmill and Shingle Mills. The Factory is fitted with new 6oh. p. steel boiler, also with follow- ing new machinery by Macgregor and Gourlay, of Galt. Large Matcher and Planer combined, Band Saw, Power Mortiser, Shafter, Jointer and Sandpape.er. Apply Box 16, Port Rowan, Ont. FOR SALE OR TO LET WO-STOREY FRAME PLANING MILLAND Carpenter Shop—Vine Avenus, Toronto Junction, including boiler and engine, with or without machinery; size of building, 40x120 ft.; steam heated ; stable, store- house, office, and large yard in connection; can be utilized for any manufacturing business. Apply, J. P. WAGNER, Toronto Junction. RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. —— H. e “STORONTO, CANADA. RESTON, | i ONT 29 FIRE PROOF ROOFING ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE METALLIC ROOFING © MANUFACTURERS, TORONTO ‘SGRIBNER’S LUMBER AND LOG BOOK Has had a sale of over one million copies, and is the most com- plete book of its kind ever published. Gives measurements of all kinds of Lumber, Logs, Planks, Timber ; hints to lumber dealers, wood u\\\ measure, speed of circu- Wi lar saws, care of saws, “ cord-wood tables, fell- ing trees, growth of trees, land measure, wages, rent, board, interest, stave heading bolts, etc. .. . » PRICE, 35c,, POST PAID... Orders have been received for this book from nearly all parts of the civilized world, viz.: United States, nada, Australia, Cuba, Nova Scotia, South America, be Indies, South Africa, England, Germany, and rance, yi THE | ve TIO G. W. FI-HER, Box 238, Rochester, N. Y. Hf rH i HH i {| BEST MAIN DRIVB. GUARANTED. Sole Canadian Agents t-: Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BranTForD, CANADA. MIR ST ANNUAL SALE =O — Timber Limit The subscriber has been instructed by the several owners to offer for sale in separate parcels, by PUBLIC AUCTION IN THE ROTUNDA OF THE Board of Trade IN THE CITY OF TORONTO, ONT. On — WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 29, ‘34 commencing at 2 p.m. prompt, the following valuable timber limits :— Townships of Dill, Snider, Caldwell, N. and S. Burleigh, McMahon, Morin, Striker, Houghton, Mc- Givern, N. W. part of 155, parts of Mississauga Indian Reserve, Cobden, and the mills, etc., of the Blind River Co. : also Townships 43 and 51, berths 5 and 6 Butt, 2, 3 and 6 McClintock, 2 and 5 Livingston, 2 Finlayson, 3 McCraney, 2, 3, 4and 8 Thunder Bay, 3 Perry, 3 McMurrich, 1 Pringle, 19, 20, 21, 25, 27, 65, 67 and 66 Rainy River District, Province of Ontario. Also in the Upper Ottawa Agency, Province of Quebec, the following very choice limits: No. 7, R 1, block A— 597, 598, 599, 601, 602, 603, 604, 591, 592, 593, 594, 600, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 181, 18', 26, 27, <8, 35, 37, Kippawa ; 394 and 395 Black, etc., etc. The above in- clude the timits of Barnet and Mackie, E. E. Lawzon, and the valuable adjacent virgin limits on the Upper Ottawa. For catalogues, terms and further particulars apply to PETER RYAN 28 Victoria Street TORONTO a ae EAs a LUMBERMAN RAILROAD Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAY AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MT. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company's line of steamships across Lake Michigan. __ The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all Canadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This rcad traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions : a market for every product of Forest and Field. The policy of the “F.& P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. GENERAL OFFICES: - SAGINAW, MICA. Every Lumberman wants it | ject to examina- ABNER SLUNG $165.00 NLY ABOUT Highest Grade .OYOLES . & SFOT GSH TWENTY LEFT tion to any part of Ontario, on re- ceipt of a suffi- cient sum to cover express charges. = : —FULLY GUARANTEED— These Wheels are equal to any, and bear the highest testimonials, which will be forwarded on application. GEO. F. BOSTWICK 24 WEST FRONT ST. - TORONTO. E. C. HILL, Mngr. Cycle Department. 45 cents buys it t B SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, PRACTICAL INFORMATION Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto REDDAWAY’S PATENT. BREAKING STRAIN 6IN’'CAMEL HAIR BELT—-14,|81.1bS 6inDouBLE OAK LEATHER——7,522" W.A.FLEMING. a2 ae SOLE AGENT FOR CANADA. 57. SI FRS.XAVIER SZ(24 FRONT SE E|VICTORIACHAMBERS MONTREAL. ( TORONTO. j OTTAWA . H. P. ECKARDT & CO. WHOLESALE GROCERS Lumbermen’s Supplies a specialty-.----- Correspondence solicited HP. ECKARDT & C0. - 4 FRONT ST. EAST, TORONTO 16 THE CANADA LUMBER WZAN - . Jury, 1894 MAITLAND, RIXON & CO. |” “ueeteeoue om ae eae Lumber : Shingles : and : Lath Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers Also SHIPPERS, SHAPROTORS & nd FORWARDERS. Lumber Bought and Sold on Commission nada Good Pine and Hardw All kinds of Building Material kept in stock - OrFice: Roo 51 CONFEDERATION LIFE Associon ‘BONG Bae: “TORONTO, “MN, “INIDK a OL OW BELTING 6O J. W. MAITLAND———~H. RIXON J. G. AINSILE ‘W. STODART UE TT wire tet ee 70 King St. East, Toronto i Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting RUNAWAYS IMPOSSIBLE. MANUFACTURERS OF MACHINE, KNIVES S=SSend for Price List—= HARD-MOUTHED HORSES This statement is now repeated by thousands who have purchased ostrils, on “HE ‘CANNOT BREATHE, AND MUST STOP. Ae “(G/LT MAGHINE KNIFE WORKS star Rivet, Leather Belting a pe tpeeee Pe A, GAIT, OM me, AND PULLERS CONTROLLED WITH ABSOLUTE EASE. BRITT’S | AUTOMATIC SAFETY = SUPPLIED eg Any horse is liable to run, and should be driven & With it. By its use *intias and children drive horses f SPECIALLY ~ men coald not hold with the old style bits. Y cine ng ag) Send for iastnped pare Reet ie we GHA ld Meda CS LZ spore from all parts of the wo an rnest ee Te Mae Paris, 1889. andid expressions about the BRITT AUTO- MATIC SAFETY BIT. aa its resistless but harmless and humane power : in subduing the most vicious horses and controlling the most stubborn pullers and H igh Grade shen chronic runaways. ays The only bit in the world that is eee advocated, used and sold Bi the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, The Highest Authorit .. Heavy Quality DR. LP, BRITT, 37 CoLLece PLACE, NEW YORK. Lumbermen sites Se Soto bill OF Belt YOUR BUSINESS IS HELPED By UMG, 5 y ADV SING I} = Wye ) ~~ banada Lumberman th Tanned Montreal Lavonte : For rupning in damp places, get our specially prepared SAW MILL BELT : A, ALLAN, nt J. O. GRAVEL, Secretary-Treasurer J. J. McGILL, Manager F. SCHOLES, Managing-Director ~ Capital $2,000,000.00. Of MONTREAL, TORONTO and WINNIPEG eb AIO A Cll UR FORSYTH © Seamless Rubber Belting > Seamless Tube Hose — These Patents we control for —— HEAD OFFICES AND FACTORY: MONTREAL. SUPERIOR OUALIRY ROBBER GOODS for Mechanical Purposes Western Branch: Corner Yoncrk anp Front StrkETS TORONTO J. H. Waxxer - Manager. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 Jury, 1894 a NCLE BOLTER F. J. DRAKE'S IMPROVED X X : Som sige -- XXX SHINGLE EDGER Tih yy | With —_» 40 inch Saw. I, TORE Will make more No. 1 Shingles from the same quantity of timber than any Wheel Jointer in existence. It has a heavy iron frame made for two operators, two inch steel saw arbor, with extra long bearings; driving pulley 8 inches diameter, 7 inches face; saw 40 inches diameter, 16 guage ; speed, 1600 per minute. Timber when split with an axe will follow the grain of the wood, when split with a saw it is of course perfectly straight—no matter how winding the timber | ILLMEN who have once used this machine will not use may be—and the first cut then is a perfect shingle ; on this account alone a splitter will not any other. For capacity, removing sap-knots, rot or only save from 10 to 25% of the timber, but will add about 5,000 shingles to each day’s cut. ; a any other imperfections, for making parallel shingles Make more Shingles per Day and more y Will S M | - pA ae win ee ee “@ and economy of stock, it is superior to any other. from the same quantity of timber and Oll | dv6 Ol bl ! XXX: SHINGLE : PACKER The Frame is constructed of iron—double bolted and braced. A Steel Shaft with Four Eccentrics presses the shingles tightly together from both top and bottom of bunch by single movement of Lever or Handle. They are the strongest packer made, and will pack tighter than any other—both using same length of lever. They are “self-locking ”—when the bunch is pressed the lever will retain its position without being held there. They can be raised on legs to any desired height. —_ Bolt holes are drilled in the frame for this. purpose. They have less joints to rack loose than any other, and eaDRaRe usenet SEA Wy | if they ever do get loose can be tightened up easier. MAKER a TEVILUE Tce em a They can be used to pack in from either end, and the | iliac iz bunch of shingles can be removed from either end. = They are adjustable for 16 or 18 in. shingles, and can be easily changed to make five different lengths and work equally as well with one size as the other. They are made 20 in. wide for 25 courses; 22/% wide for 22 courses; and 25 in. wide for 20 courses. I keep the 20 in. ones always in stock and make other sizes to order. These Machines are shipped all complete ready for work. When ordering give plain directions for shipping. “— MANUFAGTURED ONLY BY P Mm JDRAKEE fee eee VV eB COON TL. -.- 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Jury, 1894 Can you ignore an investment of $300.00 to $500.00, that will bring 100%. . . . y , . SZ. MILLMEN.... AWS cannot afford to run old-time friction feed works ©-~©® mM AD Lee MOLLovvince : Wm. Young, Wiarton, Ont., writes 21st Seaman & Newman, Wiarton, Ont., write December, 1893: “Re Steam Feed, Prescott June 1st, 1894: “In regard to the Prescott e Direct Acting, | purchased from you last Sep- Direct Acting Steam Feed bought of you, j tember, it is giving me entire satisfaction. | would say we are well pleased with it We find that it does not require any more steam have a 60 x 12 fh foe anda than the friction rope feed and it has increased engine and we cut from 3,000 to 4,000 ft. the capacity of our mill 207%, and the sawyer has entire control of feed. My boiler is 56 x more per day than we did with the old friction feed.” 14, with 60 2%” tubes, engine 13 x 21, 85]bs. pressure.’ 3,000 to 4,000 feet more of lumber per day, with the same cost for labor is an easy profit of $3.00 per day. This should pay cost of change in one season.— 100%. \WATEROUS Is the name we ask you to remember when about to purchase Saw Mitt Machinery, Eneines, Boers, Friction Grip Puiteys. : Brantford-—Canada. Pe Leading Ganadian Bank Manager Are you thinking of a Band recently made the following remarks: ‘‘ We realize that we i0r next Season v) are now in times of exceptional business derangement, I may ees say, throughout the whole world, and as yet we see no signs Can you afford to continue of improvement. There is, however, one class of goods to waste in sawdust so. . which does not appear to fall in value, nor fail in demand : : much valuable timber that to the same extent as other goods, that is our wood goods, 6) can never be replaced ... our staple articles of export to Europe and the United “States. There is a limit to the production of wood goods, We build the. [MPROVED ALLIS BAN” and that limit is almost within sight. Our forests are being denuded of timber. Some far seeing men are securing the most popular mill in Ameriea. limits that they are holding. They are aware that the natural annual growth of standing timber is not less than ye OVER _ 100 IN OPERATION. RINE NAP VR pL eft) k 5 Pa ey SS Caen ae pers Be ie ; THE CANADA LUMBERMAN The Parmenter Patent Dry Kiln FOR DRYING LUMBER, SHINGLES, STAVES, - HEADING, ETC... - - For further information address J. S. PARMENTER, Box 512, Woodstock, Ont Mot. JOMNSTON & CO. 6 6 ee =r British Columbia —— : MANUFACTURERS ig : SO) eae ; 7K @ CAtdh ~ Ing ah E g All kinds of Dimensions and Fancy Butts made to order. We will guarantee quality satisfactory. © ® NBW WESTMINSTER, B. G. ——, BRITISH COLUMBIA &= PRED - CEDAR : SHINGLES , ne BEG to advise our numerous Customers and the Trade ae | generally that we have a large reserve Stock of . es | i 3K PY. dy Sercer 2 Co. .Eexrra Brand 3K . a a4 3K 3K of these Shingles in Vancouver, ready to ship (in connection 3 3K = SK with their cut of three hundred thousand daily) into Ontario we during the months shingles are most required. As I have qa a large number of cars continually on the road coming to = North Bay, I am in a position to fill orders on short notice when necessary. F. N. TENNANT - LumBER MERCHANT hia. sere mn.Lo St., Loronto THE CANADA ADB DION | LUMBERMEN. PLANING MILL MEN, ————— SHOULD DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES, Nos. CONTAINING Iron, Wood-working and Miscellaneous Machinery — _ Immense List of Engines, Boilers, fe NOTE THE ADDRESS 2m A.W. PETRIE 00 145 Front St. (Adjoining New Union Passenger Station) wigs JULY, A1804°— Se Se eee LUMBERMAN. SEND FOR MY———— a . New West, AND M acuinist, SECOND-HAND: MACHINERY wn TORONTO and all parties who are inter- ested in MILL MACHINERY 17 AND 18 DEAvVER- Im DO YOU WANT ; A Life Policy WAREHOUSE: '4! An Investment rics) DoNoGt === * SLIVER aes Or an Annuity Policy @ THE ONTARIO MUTUAL LIFE ISSQES TAEM ALL WHOLESALE DEALERS IN One 20-year Survivorship Distr ibution Policy em- braces all the newest features, and is the best form of Protection and Investment money can buy. It has no equal. Guaranteed values, attractive options and liberal conditions. A WISE AND GENEROUS PLAN. OFFICE Nos. 213, 214 and 215 Board of Trade Build Our Annuity Endowment Policy ensures a certain | annual income to yourself during 20 years after matur- ity of the Policy or to your family at earlier death; and the Annuity Life Policy guarantee a sure income to your family during 20 years after your death; first pay- ment immediate. The rates are lower than on ordinary plans si LUMBER BE ing Toronto, Ont. INSTRUMENTS: i AR * we nee Sie nies Savery Pant ee BOOK FREE HAS CLUTHE gpm SRP CL KING St W “ESTABLISHED [871- | ittle Giant Gurbines WATER WHEELS FOR ALL PURPOSES, © HORIZONTAL OR WERTICAL o WATER WHEEL GOVERNORS MACHINE DRESSED GEARS, PULLEYS, SHAFTING, . HANGERS, ETC. Write for Catalogue and Gear Lists. \ 2 TOR ENG*COS HORIZONTAL TYPE. J.C. WILSON &CO.,_ - Glenora, Ont. J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath ¢ Shingles BRACEBRIDGE, ONT. PATENTS Sabeteattés Obtained in Canada. UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PAT- ENTS A SPECIALTY. Engineering Drawings Furnished. W. J. GRAHAM, 71 Yonge St. ‘TSeronsce CHAS W. MACK CANADIAN MANUFACTURER OF sucks Patent Flexible or Pneumatic Frand Stamp | The only Stamp ever made that will print perfectly on Rough, Uneven, Convex, Concave, Plain, or Vield- ing Surfaces, or for any purpose where a Clear, Sharp and Perfect Impression i is desired. 11 KING ST. WEST, TORONTO ; : SEND FOR PRICE LIST: : B.R. MOWPU & SON MANUFACTURERS OF | SRW MILL e by practical men to be The Best Machine on the. Market SHINGLE, MILL - MAGHINERY shingle Macinery a Specialty REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND GAREFULLY EXECUTED Gravenhurst, Ont. The “BOSS” gt Shingle Machine fi Manufactured by us is acknowledged fl Hl Hill ea TORONTO, ONT., AUGUST, 1894 (ere For Governor of New York 3 GOL. ALEXANDER 8S. B N eed : . RLEXANDER S. BAGO a ~© PATRIOT # SOLDIBR + JURIST 6~ Ess 2 HIS is the man who risked his life in overthrowing Joun Y. McKane and his associates ; a i one of the boldest and most corrupt political rings that ever existed. He is a resident a of Brooklyn; a graduate of West Point; a Colonel of the National Guard ; a renowned £5 ¥ : ; ; i, Lawyer and orator ; is active and aggressive in all religious and benevolent works, and a man of backbone, who is eminently fitted to be the Next Governor of New York State. All friends of good government should vote for him. Can you not serve your Country and support him in turning the rascals out? Smash the rings ! ! cea es ‘ | is 7? a a _ ~ MORSE” VALVE MACHINE | oo... siscoe J.J. TURNER & SON : dl is the only machine in the market that 5 te a will a Fe dics in oo The = KN .- Sail, Tent and Awning Maker... HS fs =a Ganada 251 George St. and 154 King St. * = , AX ; PETERBOROUGH = ara Lumberman Canoe, Yacht and Boat Sails made to order. Perfect hy Valve Reseating Outfit. . . . When corresponding with a ls Co fe Me ea oe _ DARLING BROTHBRS = “"" SSE Aes eats tip aa 6 Reliance Works,” “. MONTREAL. 3a | Cc. C, CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND ; John Bertram & Sons 4 GEO. GORMAGK i | === CANADA TOOL WORKS J . L. Goodhue K 60. Wholesale and Retail Dealer in DUNDAS, ONTARIO MANUFACTURERS OF > ry Roe ea OF | BATHER BELTING eeee yada es LUMBER : ra eee AND |i ACE LE ATHER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL WHITBY, ONTARIO ‘ Write FOR Prices AND CATALOGUE _ Danville, Quire. J MANUFACTURERS = * ; R. Burns Saw 60. *Phone 5120 : _ FACTORY: 534-536 Dundas Street __ TORONTO, ONT. — AND — KINDS OF Gircular THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE * aN S AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED a Oo) ~te—_ Saws -* €6gI ‘yq19z ounf[ payuaqeg wniaes ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT SHINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY THE CANADA HUMPEBRNIAI = Sica sa THE PReSCoa re Panic. a VT Mitg THE BAND SAW — CARRIAGES BAND SAW ae a X. ! t | LY 4 | Prescott’s Automatic MILL eo orn | Carriage Offsets in different sizes Prescott’s ‘Direct-acting Steam Feeds COVETS SAW TOOLS FOR FILING ROOM Ottawa, Can., 3 Ss = & July 5th, 1892. | | Pi : a : A rf Fi | ae Pin Le TOP GUIDE NOW MADE WITH GOOSE K) ARM To_.WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: Sa = ad Dear Sirs : i It may interest you to know that on June 30th last, in eleven hours, the This is to certify that the Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- borough, Ontario, have been licensed to manu- facture and sell throughout the Dominion of Canada, the Band Saw Mill known and called the “Prescott Patent Band Mill,” also the device for Saw Mill Carriage known as the “Prescott Patent Offsetting Mechanism,” and by virtue of said license the said Wm. — Hamilton Manufacturing Company possess the exclusive right to build and sell said machines for Canada, the plans for said ma- chines being furnished or ap- proved by the undersigned. Band Mill—driven entirely by water—which we got from you, sawed 4,047 feet 1-inch Ie tem to Sie 1 Ih Pee ar ta oy lp 520 a oOo. foe ot 106,619 feet. Yours truly, PEREEY &: PATTEE (Signed) D. CLINT PRESCOTT, [copy] Patentee_ SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE TO The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co. Ltd. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. BRANCH. OFFICE: VANCOUVER, B.C. T= CANADA LUMBERMAN VoLumeE XV. NuMBER 8 TORONTO, ONT., AUGUST, 1894 f TERMs, 1.00 Per Year \ Since Cortes, 10 CENTS CROSS-CUT BAND SAWS. HE cross-cut band saw is designed to take the place of the drag and circular saws for cross cutting. As is shown by accompanying cut, the saw passes over the pulleys, A A, as in ordinary band saw rigs. At the points B B are rotary guides made similar to a small cir- cular saw arbor. The tooth edge is turned down, the back passing between these collars on guide, giving the saw a quarter twist from the band wheel to the first guide, and between the two guides the teeth are turned down at right anges to the blade when it passes over the pul- ley again. After passing the second guide it twists back again to pass over the driving pulley. _ At the point C is a guide that prevents the frame from moving out of a perpendicular line while moving up and _ down. The frame D is pivoted at the point E, and is balanced by the weight F, so it will remain in any posi- _ tion, and is easily moved up and down by the operator. The makers claim for this cross-cut band saw rig that, it will cut double the amount of any drag saw rig, with half the power, the saw scafe being only 1-16 inch. It is easily set up—requiring no foundations—runs perfectly still, no shaking or jerking. They claim that it cuts the block smoother than can _possi- bly be done by either drag or circular saws ; that it requires less filing than a drag saw to do the same work, as the plate is so very thin (21 gauge); and lastly, that it is a pleasure for a mechanic to operate it, it does its work so nicely. This saw is manufactured by the Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que. _ ELECTRICITY AND WATER-WHEELS. Pf HERE is no doubt that the growing - use of electricity will, in the end, says the American Machinist, materially help BY, AA WAY. pane works many changes. It is hardly safe fora man to be too dogmatic in these days of quick living and thinking. The fancy of to-day may be the fact of to-morrow. A suggestion to establish schools of forestry would, not far back in the present decade, have been laughed out of court by every lumber journal in the country. To-day, however, we find the lumber press and lumbermen seriously considering the question of establishing chairs of forestry in our universities, and of giving the subject a place upon our school curriculum. XEXEXX In other lines of commerce there is nothing very new in the technical school or academy for the special train- ing of men and women in the trades that they may be following. One of the most conservative trades to take hold of work in this line has been that of flour-milling. Without getting out of the realm of level-headed busi- ness practice, why should we not have schools of for- the trade in water wheels that has been rather hardly pushed by the steam engine. Water powers are being, and will be, turned to account that would remain dorinant but for electrical distribution of power. Where mills and factories can not be well located the energy of the falling water may be taken by electricity to convenient positions, and to some extent this is being and will be done. This will, however, cut but a small figure in the manufacture and sale of steam engines—probably not ~ enough of a figure ever to be noticeable. It will in ‘some instances provide for locating shops and factories that would not otherwise be built, and provide for the lighting of places that would otherwise grovel in the darkness of gas, or oil lamps. Electricity will help the water wheel without, to any appreciable extent, injuring ‘the steam engine. 7 ee THE STEAM GAGE. N placing the gage on boilers, says Power, it should be so connected as to take steam from a part which will be. as free from vibrations of pressure as possible, that is, away from the outlet to the engine, and a siphon Son never be omitted. It is also necessary that the = shall not be placed at or near the lower level of a an pens pipe which has a drop of any extent, which - Too much tension tends to destroy the elasticity of a belt, and when its tension is gone the belt is useless. the Biltmore forest in North Carolina. This forest is the property of Mr. Geo. W. Vanderbilt, and his purpose is to treat the Biltmore forest systematically on the lines of forest management. The experiment so far may be said to have been fairly successful and with perseverance along that line something practical is likely to be at- tained. In remarks, suggested by Mr. Vanderbilt’s ex- periment, a writer in the Lumber Trade Journal, of New York, expresses the opinion that there is an opportunity, owing to the similarity in many of the forests in the United States and Canada, for the effecting of an ar- rangement for a system of forestry schools suitable to the wants ofeithercountry. Suchschools might be established at the east on the dividing line between Canada and the United States, where common teaching might be had for young men from either country, who were desirous of learning forestry. xx. x Xx Our cotemporary, the Northwestern Lumberman, of Chicago, who does not usually throw much sentiment into his views of lumber matters, speaks out in an article a week ago, saying that nothing is plainer than that the American people must be educated up to the importance of forestry, and thinks it would be an excellent idea for the teachers in our public schools to give their pupils a little talk whenever they could handily do so on the beauty and importance of trees. $50,000 1s granted by the Washing- ton authorities for the maintenance of the forestry division of the United States government, a sum which the North- western Lumberman does not hesitate to say is paltry and insignificant in contrast with the importance of the subject. Har- per’s Weekly of late date strongly advo- cates the giving of needed attention to _ the question of forestry. Prof. E. G. Houston, of New York, has just delivered a lecture on forestry, in which he advo- Cross—Cut BAND Saw. estry? And where better might they be established than on this continent, where the lumber trades occupy a foremost place? We suppose it is because of the im- mense quantities of timber that exist in Canada and the United States that attention has not been paid to the subject before. There has not appeared the necessity of preserving our forests, much less to adopt educational methods in training experts in the study. Doar ee Rn OK A study of forestry has a practical side in its applica- tion to the care, cultivation and extension of forest products. Work along these lines has been pursued with all their native energy and thoroughness by the Germans, and on another occasion there had been given in these columns an account of methods of German for- estry. There is also what might be termed the academic view of the subject, which would consist in following the study of the trees of the forest on the lines that the botanist studies plants and flowers. It can hardly be said that this is too esthetic a view of the question for hard-headed lumbermen. Will the lumberman be any the less keen as a trader in lumber for commercial pur- poses because he can tell somewhat minutely of the origin, constitution and character of the trees that he fells, DS a ee The question has come suggestively to the front in the United States through a little pamphlet, giving an account of the treatment and results of the year’s work on cates making elementary forestry a study in the lower schools, and is of the view that the tree planting practice, common ‘now both in the schools of the United States and Canada, furnish an excelent opportunity for the inculcation of thousands on the subject. KX eK Where does Canada stand on the subject? In the person of the late ‘forestry commissioner Phipps, no country had a more enthusiastic and intelligent student of this question, and he never lost an opportunity to keep the matter to the front. It is to be hoped that his successor, the Hon. C. F. Fraser, will see his way to, probably, further develop work on these lines, and devise plans, possibly, that will bring the question in more practical shape into our public schools. We are our- selves no sentimentalists on the question, but the neces- sity for greater care to the forests of Canada is becom- ing growingly noticeable to all who give unprejudiced thought to the question. We shall be glad to know what LUMBERMAN readers think of the subject. SR ACTE KTS ONE of the most enterprising American firms owning limits in Canada is J. W. Howry & Sons, Michigan. Though severe depression has existed with lumbermen in the States, and things here have been sympathetically slow, this firm is showing very little restriction in busi- ness operations. Their mill at Fenelon Falls is now in operation, and they are already engaging men to start fresh camps at once. They will run two camps on the north shore of Georgian Bay and several near their mills at Fenelon Falls. What stock will be cut in Georgian Bay waters will be towed to Saginaw. » tes oo 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN . TALKS WITH WOOD-WORKERS. A PAPER of some length, but of more than ordinary interest, on progress in the art of woodworking, has recently come under my notice. The writer, Mr. C. R. Tompkins, M. E., will be known, no doubt, to many readers, as a frequent and always able contributor to the trade press. The art of woodworking is believed to have been one of the earliest pwacticed by men, and its importance is shown by the fact of its continuing to exist under conditions of constant development. * * & Previous to the introduction of the saw mill, the cut- ting of lumber into boards or planks, both in America and England, was performed by hand by the process - known as pit-sawing. The Jog was placed upon a pair of saw-horses high enough to allow one man to stand beneath the log, while the other stood upon it, the two woiking a saw of sufficient length. Improved machines and appliances in woodworking have had to run the gauntlet of strong opposition, as has been the case with _every new invention. When the first attempt was made to intioduce the saw mill in England, the hand sawyers by their opposition practically placed a veto upon it. It is stated that in 1663 an enterprising company em- ployed a Dutchman to erect a new saw mill in London, but that the enterprise had to be abandoned on account of the opposition of the hand sawyers. In 1767 a saw mill was erected and operated by a windmill at Lime- house, Eng., but it was soon destroyed by a mob. An- other erected in the south of Scotland about the same time shared the same fate. Time, however, overcame preju- dice, until to-day in England or America the saw millis a feature of the age, until something better comes along. + % * * Next to the saw mill the most important machine that has been introduced, and one that has had more effect upon the progress of building than any other, is the planing machine, which dates from the invention of William Woodworth in 1826. Not only did the work of the planing machine of itself give a great impetus to the art o€ woodworking, but its introduction demonstrated that lumber could be dressed rapidly by the action of rotary cutters, leaving the inventors to apply the same principle to machines for other purposes. * % % * When the planing machine was introduced among British workmen the same spirit of opposition was mani- fested as against the saw mill. Excitement with journey- men carpenters ran high. They claimed that if ma- chines of that kind were allowed to come into general use they would soon be thrown out of employment and their families would suffer for the necessaries-of lite. In some cities they refused to lay flooring that was planed and matched by machinery. overcame prejudice. But again time bike ee The moulding machine with its modern improvements has had much to do with progress in woodworking. Before the invention of this useful machine all mould- ings were worked by hand, and only the- plainest and simplest style of mouldings were used, but the demand for more artistic woodwork has brought the improved moulding machine into general use. But still the de- mand for artistic woodwork continued, and it has led to the invention of many other complicated and useful machines. Not only intricate carved work, but irregular- shape mouldings of the most elaborate kind, which were formerly worked only by hand, are now preduced by special machines, which perform their work more accur- ately and in less time and more cheaply than hand labor. This change has demanded not only more accur- ate and skilfully-constructed woodworking machines, but a more skilful and intelligent class of woodworkers to operate them. In machine-stuck mouldings especi- ally there is a great change as compared with those stuck at the present time and those of a few years ago. Architects and builders are more exacting than they were formerly. Once they were satisfied with mouldings provided they were of the correct shape and an even thickness, and if the surface required smoothing down by the liberal use of sandpaper, or sometimes the mod- erate use of a hand plane, no objection was heard. Even with the imperfect state of the art, the moulding machine was far preferable to the hand. Probably no other branch of the art of woodworking has made more :apid advances than the manufacture of furniture by the use of machinery. It does not require a very old man to remember when most of the furniture was manufactured by hand, and the village cabinet maker, who was also an undertaker, was an important personage. Whena young couple were married, the cabinet maker was called upon to furnish the necessary furniture for housekeeping ; when baby was born, none but the cabinetmaker could furnish him with a suitable crib ; and when death invaded the domicile, his services were again called into requisition to furnish a suitable casket and assist in consigning the body to its last rest- ing-place. But the rapid progress in the art of wood- working has wrought a complete change. The village cabinet-shop has changed to the furniture store, and undertaking has become a distinct branch of business, the supplies in both cases being obtained from the fac- tories, where machinery performs the work more cheaply and accurately than hand labor. It is within compara- tively recent years that the makers of woodworking machinery have turned their attention to the construc- tion of machinery specially adapted to the manufacture of furniture. Formerly it was thought that the same class of machines used in planing mills and sash and door factories were also adapted to the manufacture of furniture. The use of such machinery tended to reduce materially the cost of production, but the pressure of competition in the furniture trade created a demand for better facilities in order to increase the output, while re- ducing the cost of production. * * *& The whole history of woodworking machinery goes to illustrate very strongly the advancements of invention in mechanical lines. I suppose that a study of progress in invention in many othe: departments would show equal advances, but this much is sure, that the woodworking trades have been the means of drawing forth some of the cleverest inventive spirits of the age. } AS. BAND SAWS. AWS may be divided into four general classes—re- ciprocating, circular, cylindrical, and band or ribbon. The office of a saw is. to sever by removing or wasting material, hence the thinner a saw can be had the more economy of power and materials. There is a certain limit of thinness beyond which a Mulay saw cannot go without bending, as long as it has a thrust instead ofa pulling cut. The sash (or gang) saw can be made thin- er than athrust-cut Mulay, on account of being strained from both ends. The circular saw commences to limber out and wave at too high velocities, and (except for ven- eer cutting) must be thinner at the centre than at the circumference, to give clearance and to prevent binding and heating. Some economy of kerf and power is gained by the “double circular” mill, when two small circulars running in opposite directions, one cutting from the top and the other from the bottom of the log, in the same plane, are used instead of one large one. Something partly answering the purpose of straining is gained by the “side guides” of the circular saw, but still they waste stuff and power. As the cylinder saw never comes into competition with the Mulay, sash, cir- cular or band saw, it may be left out of the present con- sideration. The band saw has the advantage which the sash saw has over the Mulay, in being strained ; and that which the circular has over both the Mulay and frame saw, in having a continuous instead ofa reversing motion. The latter property makes it steady, running like the circu- lar, and the former permits of its being thinner than the circular, and making, in consequence, less kerf, and taking less power to run it. It has the additional ad- vantage over the circular, that it will cut other than in straight lines or flat planes. The circular should not be used for work thicker than one-third the saw diameter. A 20in. square cant hence necessitates a 6oin. circular, with a thickness of Yin., and a kerf of 5-16; or two 30in. saws, 3-16in. thick, cut- ting out a Yin. kerf. If we are cutting rin. stuff with single saw we need nearly 21-16in. of wood to make a 16-16 board, which looks very much hke 5-16=thirty- one and a quarter per cent. kerf, compared with the . j board, or 5-21=23 8 per cent. of the entire square cant wasted. Using the double mill and thinner saws, we find about 5-4in. of wood necessary to the production of a 4-4in. board, being 25!t. of kerf for every 1ooft. of board, or twenty per cent of the log turned into sawdust. A band saw to effect this same work need be but 1-16 in. thick, and cut a kerf of but 3-32in. This means that an inch (32-32in.) board takes but 35-32in. of wood to cut it, being 3-32 as much kerf as board, and 3-35 in., or 83 per cent. of the log wasted in sawdust. In other words, the band saw cuts 3-32in. kerf to the single cir- cular’s 10-32in., which looks as though it made 10-3, or — 333% per cent. as much in kerf as the band (and con- sequently in power). cular be used, but if a band saw be used it would cut about 640-35 or eighteen 1in. boards. The band saw is hence 3-15=twenty per cent. more economical as re- gards products. Ifthe same saws were set to cut $in. stuff out of a 20in. squared log, the circular would take 8-16 +5-15 =13-16=26-32 of wood to cut a %m. board, and the band would take 16-32+3-32=19-32 of stuff to cut out the same. The circular would hence take 26-19 © as much stuff for a given product as the band, its excess of stuff required being 5-18 or 26.3 per cent.; 20in. square cant would cut 320-13 or about twenty-four Yin. — boards with the circular, while with the band it would cut about 63-19=thirty-three. Producing Yin. stuff the band would turn out 33-24=129 per cent. as much stuff as the circular. ; : It will be seen that in re-sawing the band presents special advantages in economy of stuff and power. As regards quality the band saw should scratch less stuff than the circular. The band offers for some timber cutting the best advantages of the circular in smooth and continuous action, and that of the scroll (or “jig ”) in capacity to saw at ‘an angle, curve or bevel.—Poly- technische Revue. HIGH SPEED ENGINES. W* are very apt to think only of our own particular branch of engineering, says the Tradesman, when discussing any problem pertaining to it and this seems particularly so in the case of the high speed stationary engine. In stationary practice we see in first class engine rooms the high speed engines guarded with par- ticular care and the room as free from dust and dirt as it can be made, so as to give all the bearings as little grit or foreign matter as possible. And ona 12x 18in. high speed engine for sample, running perhaps 300 revo- lutions per minute, we think it wenderful that it runs and keeps cool, think the piston speed enormous, and hardly dare breathe while near it for fear of a hot box. Yet in locomotive practice we have speeds exceeding this in many instances, and have the engine without any foundation, so to speak, the main boxes never in line (going up and down over the frogs and crossings) and Jersey sand blowing around the engine until the running parts are almost white as snow, yet the engine runs, and gives comparatively little trouble. So that it seems foolish to brag so much about our high speed stationaries, when if run under the same conditions as the locomotives, they would be apt to give unending trouble. — aes, |, On the other hand, it is very probable that if a loco- motive was pinned down to a foundation it would do little better, as the freedom of motion to -all its parts must be in a measure responsible for their running at all, the swinging and shaking absorbing jars which might be noticed materially if on a solid foundation. % oe —- i THE GEAR BUSINESS. THE gear business has grown to be quite extensive, so — much so that one of the firms in this line has decided to — secure a patent on bevel gears with plain surfaces for the flanks of the gear teeth. It may be that this firm has a special curve of their own to run with a straight flank tooth, but if they will look into the theory of the matter they will find that there is only one form that will work properly with a straight flank, and that form is determined by the flanks themselves, without any discovery being needed from any source.—Journal of Commerce. AUGUST, 1894 " A 2oin. cant which is 320-16in, thick, will cut about 320-21=fifteen 1 in. boards ifacir- - .—s * _ Aucust, 1894 _ furrow. VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS. A report that has recently been issued gives some valuable particulars of the so-called spruce-destroyiny in- sect, whch has done great damage to the spruce trees in the Adirondack region. Upon cutting down one ot the infected trees for examination, longtitudinal furrows were found, varying from 1 in. to 6 in. in length under the bark, each occupied by one or two insects. The eggs are deposited along both sides of the upper part of the furrow. They lie close to each other, almost or quite in contact. When the larve emerge from the eggs they begin to feed upon the soft cambium, and to work their way under the bark at right angles to the main At first they are so minute, and work so close together, that they make no distinct furrows, but seem rather to devour entirely a very thin layer of the cam- bium. As they increase in size they gradually begin to form distinct furrows, and to take directions more di- vergent from each other, and from their original course. In this way colonies from contiguous furrows at length run together, and in time the whole trunk is surrounded by multitudinous pathways, and the death of the tree is accomplished. It is considered pretty evident that the trees are attacked all along during the months of June and July, and possibly. as late as August. It is also sus- pected that the parent insect, after having established a colony in one place, may emerge from her furrow to repeat the operation in another place, either in the same trunk or another one ; but this point could not be ascer- tained definitely. A Destructive Insect, The following practical suggestions to sawyers are made by one who writes as though he knew his busi- ness :—First, acquire sufficient knowledge of machinery to keep a mill in good repair. Secondly, see that the machinery and saws are kept in good order. Thirdly, it does not follow that because one saw will work well, another will do the same on the same mandrel, or that even two saws will hang alike on the same mandrel. No two saws can be made that will run alike. Fourthly it is not well to file ali the teeth of circular saws trom the same side of the saw, especially if each alternate tooth is bent for the set ; but file one-half the teeth from each side of the saw, and of the teeth that are bent from you, so as to leave them on a slight bevel and the outer _ corner a little the longest. Fifthly, never file any saw to too sharp or acute angles under the teeth, but on circu- lar lines, as all saws are Jiable to crack from any shaip corners. Sixthly, keep your saw round so that each tooth will do its proportional part of the work, or if a reciprocating saw, keep the cutting points jointed on a straight line. Seventhly, the teeth of all saws wear _ narrowest at the extreme points ; consequently they must be kept spread, so that they will be widest at the very points of the teeth, otherwise saws will not work suc- cessfully. Eighthly, teeth of all saws should be kept as near a uniform shape and distance apart as possible, in order to keep a circular saw in balance and in condition for business. Hints to Sawyers. Mahogany, we are told by a writer in the London, Eng., Carpenter and Builder, though a very valuable wood is hard to get out of the forest where it grows. The way to go about the work of getting out mahogany logs is, _ first, to get a concession from the Nicaraguan Govern- Getting Out Mahogany. _ ment. You must stand in, as the saying goes, if you get a concession; but an enterprising citizen from any country can go there and establish himself in the favor of the officials, and if he has a good record at home as man able to attend to business, they grant him a pri- ge. But that is only the beginning of the trouble ne has i in cutting and exporting the wood. You then oceed to make bargains with the natives to cut and 1 logs out of the forests. If you treat them kindly will work for you—for a time at least. The best ian labour costs about 2s. per day. It is often hard, ever, to get them to work, as they live on fruits, and sustain themselves without labour of any trying 1. Half of the year is called the rainy season, and s from May to October. It is then so wet, that ane finds it impossible to get out any timber, and no THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 one will work during the wet season. When the dry season opens they commence operations if you can get enough Jabour. You have to be careful with them, as they become easily misled, and often think you are tak- ing some advantage of them. When they become con- vinced that something is wrony, whether they have cause to believe that such is the case or not, they get angry, and the feeling spreads among all the tribes. The woods are so dense and the woik so trying on men brought there from other countries that they cannot stand it, and there is no profit in paying them what they require to risk their lives among the snakes and in the swamps where the mahoyany grows. When the timber is cut they haul it, one log at a time, on a two-wheeled ox.cart especially made for the purpose. It is a very slow process, but it is the only practicable way to get the timber out. There are 400 and 500 logs to the acre, and the price of the wood is so high, partly because the timber is so hard to obtain. The average price for a good mahogany log is £25. The trade market for mahogany is in France. The price paid there is better than in the United States, where some logs are shipped and the money is paid as soon as the logs arrive in port. There are not so many fortunes in mahogany as some people imagine, as the wood is difficult to draw from the tangled forests of Nicaragua. When aman from the North goes to Nicaragua he stands the climate very well for a year and is very energetic, and wonders at the spirit of laziness that prevails among all the peop!e. But after awhile he is overcome by the climatic conditions, and gets lazy, and is unable to work three good hours a day —if he does’nt die in the meantime. . A CASE OF DEFECTIVE RIVETING. sl driving of. rivets, says The Locomotive, is such a comparatively simple operation that it might be supposed that it would be almost always well done. This is far from being the fact, and bad riveting is one of the commonest defects reported by our inspectors. The rivets may be too short, or too long, or too small ; Ny IA) i) - iN I C. Some DeEFeEcTIVE RIVETS. they may have heads that are too flat, or they may have projecting “fins,” or they may not fill the holes, or the holes may not come “fair” with one another. There are many ways in which riveting may be bad. A case that recently came to notice seems to deserve special mention. The rivets in question were ina vertical pulp- digester, 1o feet in diameter and 30 feet high, which was to be so constructed as to be safe under a pressure of go pounds to the square inch. The plates were of steel, %-inch thick, united by lap joints which were triple- riveted on the straight joints and double-riveted on the girth joints. The pitch of the rivets in each case was 3% inches, and the distance between the parallel rows was 2 inches. The rivets were 34-inch in diameter. Before the digester was accepted, -we were called upon to inspect it and pronounce upon its safety. The in- spector found the rivets “driven very low,” that is, the heads were entirely too flat, as shown in the accom- panying cuts, which are made directly from photographs of the rivets. He hada number of these taken out and found that the holes in the two sheets did not come op- posite one another fairly. This defect is a common one, and it is very serious, both because it reduces the shearing area of the rivet, and beeause it greatly in- creases the difficulty of making the rivets fill the holes perfectly. A shop that tuns out work of this kind is particularly censurable, not only because the work itself is poor and weak, but also because the defect is not easy to discover, after the rivets are in place, and the owner of the boiler is therefore likely to be deceived by a fair external appearance and to carry more pressure than the boiler can safely withstand. The inspector also found that the heads were not driven evenly over the holes, the centres of the heads often lying well to- wards the side of the rivet. This defect, although not so dangerous as the unfairness of the holes, would not be tolerated in a good shop having any pretentions to turning out first class work. It is very easily detected, even by one who has little experience in inspecting, and there is no excuse for it, whatever. The rivet holes were not countersunk, as they should be in all good work, and, taking everything into consideration, we think this case presented the finest example of notori- ously bad work that we have seen in sometime. The only thing that could be done to it, in the way of im- provement, wculd be to cut out all the rivets, ream out the holes until they should be true, and rivet them up again with larger rivets. The most reprehensible thing about the job, perhaps, is that the builder used rivets that he knew to be foo short. At least, we presume he knew them to be so, for any one who had the smallest idea about the business would knowit. A boiler ten feet in diameter, to carry 90 pounds of steam, and with five or six men working about it, cannot be built too carefully ; and any such reckless performance as putting in rivets that are too short and too small comes very near being criminal negligence. The joint used in this digester is far from being beyond criticism. To begin with, a /af joint should not be used at all ; a du/z¢ joint would be much safer and better in every way: Taking the tensile strength of the plate at 60,000 pounds per square inch, and the shearing strength of the rivets at 38,000 pounds per square inch, a little calculation will show that in the joint that was actually used the rivet area is far too small, so that with 3¢-inch rivets anda factor of safety of 5 the safe working pressure is only about 56 pounds. Ifa triple-riveted lap joint were used at all, the rivets should be an inch in diameter (holes I 1-16 inch), and the pitch should be about 334 This joint gives an efficiency of 72.per cent. and a safe working pressure (with a factor of 5) of just 90 pounds per square inch. But a double-welt butt joint is the proper thing for this case. inches. TRANSMITTING POWER. T 1s generally known that a shaft will transmit power ‘n proportion to its running velocity, and therefore, the faster the shaft runs the lighter it should be within reasonable limit. The use of extremely heavy shafung is not advisable under any circumstances, unless actually needed to perform the work required. Some imagine that a large shaft, affording a very strong margin of safety, is the most economical and tenavle mechanical position, unless tempered with sound judgment and much wisdcm, sufficient of both to select properly. That there should be an ample margin of strength no one will attempt to deny, but shafting multiplies in stength so rapidly as sizes increase that the unenlightened are apt to make the selections much too large when aiming at only ample strength margin. THE COMMON-SENSE WAY. HE common-sense way of preventing the slipping is really the only one object to which we ought to direct our attention; there is the relation of the pulley to the belt, the method of placing a belt on a pulley, the question of speed, tightness of belts, all of which, with other points, require careful consideration. Oak tanned leather belts are best for general use. Cotton belts are best for dry places. It is economy to put on a wider belt rather than a narrow one too tight. Vertical belts should only be moderately tight. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Aucust, 1894 PUBLISHED ON THE FIRSYt OF EACH MONTH ye SS SG OWS SUM OWOMS? CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL - TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One: CopyOne: Year, In advance. idee esscrnice scm ese cers veces SIO One Copy Six Months, in advance ................ccuceeeucees 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue CANADA LUMBERMAN is published in the intere=ts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominic, bcing the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the cuu.merce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing thess topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetrvt+ Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the Canapa LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line foreach insertion. Announce- gents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging gs to render it even more complete. EXPORT LUMBER FIELDS. WITH lumber holding a position as one of the richest of our natural resources, it is well that we should consider all possible fields of outlet for this product. We state a very simple truism, when we say that the main market for Canadian lumber is to be found abroad, and not athome. Already large quantities of lumber from this country find their way, not only to the United States and Great Britain, but to Australia, South America, China, Japan, the West Indies and cther points. But with the wealth that we possess in this direction and the high character of our forest pro- ducts, there is no reason why our field of exports should in any way be “‘cabin’d, cribb’d or confin’d ” to any par- ticular territory. A recent publication issued by the State Department of the United States shows to what a wide extent the lumber of North America is valued by the peoples of almost all parts of the world. We are told that nearly all the building lumber imported by Africa comes from North America ; that Japan buys it, and that no other lumber enters South American ports. In Samoa 4c. a foot is paid for real Oregon pine and California red wood. Australia buys $1,000,000 worth every year, and would, it is said, take as much more if it could be bought readily. The great difficulty is one of transportation. This pamphlet points out that the principal rivals of the United States in the world’s lumber trade are Canada and Norway, excepting England, where Russia and Germany are competitors and in Austria, which is supplied by countries on the Mediterranean. This information indicates very clearly that there is hardly a point where, all other things being equal, Canadian lumber may not finda market. So faras white pine is concerned, it is known by everyone, who has studied the question, that Ontario possesses the most de- sirable white pine to be found in any country. When a reference is made to Oregon pine, or to the redwoods of California, it has been demonstrated beyond any question that in British Columbia we have parallel woods to these, in Douglas fir and red cedar, which have a preference even by experts in the United States, over their own timber. The entry of Canadian woods into foreign countries will be helped in so far as satisfactory commercial treaties may be made with foreign nations. Whilst some prejudice has existed in France against Canadian and United States woods, it is known that from the lower provinces considerable quantities of pine, spruce and oak are exported to France, and with the new treaty just consummated between Canada and that country an impetus ought to be given to the lumber trade with France. The completion of the Nicaragua canal will, in point of transportation, be a great help to the export lumber trade of British Columbia. The figures given in the official paper of the United States, to which we have here referred, do not fairly represent the division of lumber products from North America as between Canada and the United States, and the error is one that is sometimes repeated by our own press. We refer to the fact, pointed out in these columns only two months ago, that many ship- ments of lumber, as well as other exports from Canada to foreign markets, sent in bond through the United States, are credited altogether to the latter country. Our government cannot too speedily see that this error is rectified. TARIFF CONDITIONS OF THE MONTH. No new developments in tariff matters, as affecting lumber, have shown themselves since our review of the situation a month ago. Senators at Washington con- tinue to wrangle over the Wilson Bill, and the develop ments of the past week would indicate that legislation has reached a dead-lock, extrication from which may not be easy, and will possibly lead to the complete de- struction of the Wilson Bill. The Senate and the House of Congress can find no common ground of cleavage, The sugar question would seem to be the serious bone of contention, but out of it grow issues touchimg other phases of the tariff. A House and Senate favorable to free trade were supposed ta have been elected a year ago, but it looks as though Democratic free traders were just as thoroughly saturated with protection principles as could possibly be the most straight-out Republican. Self interest 1s evidently the governing motive with the majority of these legislators, and it is the old story of each one being influenced according as whether it is his own ox or his neighbors ox, that will be gored. The most hopeful feature of the case, viewing the question from the point of view of free trade, and it is here that lumbermen are most interested, is found in the resolute stand taken by President Cleveland, and reflected in a letter to Mr. Wilson on the dead-lock. His intimation is clear that unless some reasonable attempt is made to stand by the election pledges of the Presidential year he will veto any dill that is too absurdly inconsistent. While legislators are making uncertain the future ‘course of the lumber trade, lumbermen in different parts of the country are discussing the outlook. Southern lumber- men are opposing free lumber in any shape with the utmost energy. Saw-mill and planing-mill men in the east appear to have made up their minds to accept free lumber so far as rough lumber is concerned, but the voice of other sections is expressed in the resolution of the Buffalo Lumber Exchange in placing themselves on record as opposed to the free admission from Canada of dressed lumber. It is not alone, however, United States lumbermen who fear that their interests may be injured by free lumber. From what we have to say elsewhere it will be noted that British Columbia lumber- men ate not so sure that free lumbei will be a good thing forthem. A boom is on in the Rainy Lake sec- tion of Minnesota, and a local journal there points out what a benefit it will be to that teiritory to receive all the Canadian cut timber free of any duty. There is also this feature of the case when we consider the possibility of Michigan lumbermen establishing mills on the Canadian side. Some of these say, and with a good deal of force, that even though they are American citizens they have invested their capital in timber in Canada and ifthe plan seems the most practicable, why should they not saw this timber near their own limits in place of rafting it many miles with all the attendant risks ? The CANADA LUMBERMAN, $1.00 per year. Subscribe. EDITORIAL NOTES. A CRITICAL time with men of commerce is when their business is developing rapidly. Few things are more difficult than for a man to hold in the reins when he seems to see an opportunity to expand bis business. The trouble just here is that in this expansion so many men bite off more than they can chew. We have seen abundant illustration of this in the past year or two of financial depression, when the record has proven that it is the big concerns that have been doiny the risky busi- ness and little concerns the safest business, and paying their bills the quickest. THE desttuction by fire of Mr. J. R. Booth’s large mill at Ottawa has created a blank in Canadian saw- milling, that cannot easily be filled. The hope is that — Mr. Booth, who is known to be a man of enterprise and courage, will see his way to rebuild, but from what is stated by our Ottawa correspondent, it seems to be among the possibilities that this step may not be taken. The loss in the meantime is a serious one from whatever point of view we consider the recent disaster. It is computed that directly, as between the total loss and the full amount of insurance, Mr. Booth will suffer to the extent of not less than $100,000, This, however, is but one small part of the loss. A large season’s cut was before him and the profits on this must necessarily be sacrificed now. About tooo workmen are thrown out of.employment. Then come the lumber jobbing firms, who had placed their orders with Mr. Booth for supplies with which to fill their orders this season. These in turn are going to suffer a loss. That the valuable water power that has operated the Booth mills can long remain idle is hardly to be expected, but the universal wish and hope is that none other than Mr. Booth himself will utilize this. RAFTING operations in the vicinity of French River are being carried on with not a little activity this sea- son, despite the depression in the lumber market. It is given out, that there are 8,000,000 ft. of logs in the dif- ferent drives, on the way down. These in the main are as follows: Moore Lumber Co., Bay City, Mich., three rafts ; Hardy Lumber Co., Alpena, Mich., four or five rafts; Beck Lumber Co., Penetanguishene, Ont., four rafts. Ontario Lumber Co., French River, 5,000,000 ft ; A. T. Bliss & Co., Saginaw, Mich., one raft; Emery & Holland Lumber Co., Tawas and Bay City, Mich., have a jam of 14 miles on the Wahnapitae, which will make ten rafts ; in all about 14 rafts. Rafts representing, pro- bably, 60,000,000 ft. have already left the north shore this season for Michigan. The high water in the dis- trict has been favorable to the taking out of logs and it is not anticipated that there will be any logs “tied up.” Lumber in considerable quantities is to be found at various piling grounds along the north shore waiting a market. The Ontario Lumber Co., have, itis said, in its French river yard 18,000,000 ft. in good condition. Op- erations are to some extent effected by the delay in the final passing of the Wilson Bill. THE London Timber Trades Journal is puzzled over a stateinent printed in a recent sale catalogue describing some oak by steamer, as being “ from Quebec via New Orleans.” The Southern Lumberman says, that in this country we would easily get over such slips by putting the blame on the proof reader or “the intelligent com- positor,” and tells the story of an agricultural associa- tion, that went for the publisher of their annual catalogue, because it reported them as offering a large premium of the “best bushel of cats,” when they meant “ oats,” but the publisher’s attorney had no difficulty in convincing the jury that it was simply a mistake made by an irre- sponsible printer. The “poor printer” is certainly made the scape-goat for a good many queer blunders ; but with our friend John Bull, when it is a geographical mistake, we are not so sure that it is the “intelligent compositor” who has mixed things. Even authorities like the London Times and the Saturday Review have marked up against them some very wild blunders made, when occasion has required them to speak of this coun- try geographically. They seem to forget that America covers rather more ground than “the tight little island ” across the sea. Weare a country of great distances, and distance counts. Aucust, 1894 AHE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 BRITISH COLUMBIA SHINGLBS. Present Conpirion oF THE TRADE.—CAUSE OF THE DEPRESSION.— OurTLook For THE FuTurRE.—WHatT A LEADING MANUFACTURER SAYS. pap riN a few years the manufacture of red cedar shingles in British Columbia has developed in a degree to make the subject one of importance to every intelligent lumberman. Though it is within compara- tively a few years, that any large share of attention has been given to the lumber interests of this most westerly province of the Dominion, yet in the compass of this period these have taken a foremost place in the lumber world. There can be no mistaking the fact, just as Ontario has become famed, especially for its white pine, so British Columbia has made a place for itself as the home of the red cedar and Douglas fir. Not more, perhaps, than ten years ago the manufacture of red cedar shingles began to engage the attention of lumbermen. It is no disparagement to the white pine shingle to say that the red cedar shingle posesses [ features of durability and character that are specially its own. The mistake was made there, probably, that is too often made when a country commences to. show strength in some particular line, of too many rushing into the field at once and over-production becoming the result. This was the case in that near neighbor of British Columbia, Washington Territory, where similar woods find their native home. Shingle manufacturing was entered into in the Puget Sound district on the boom line. Just as speculators rush into building opera- tions when areal estate boom is on, so all sorts and conditions of men thought they saw a quick fortune in the manufacture of red cedar shingles. Like some of the men who had entered building operations in Winni- peg at the time of its unfortunate boom, and not unlike ‘asimilar class of people who pursued this calling in ‘Toronto a few years ago, it did not occur to them, whether they knew anything of the business or not. Money was to be so easily made, they thought, that any _ novice might be sure of striking good luck. But business does not run for any time simply on luck and the Puget Sound people have discovered this to-day. A 1esult is that they find it was a terrible mistake to run up their strength of shingle manutacturing from 75 to 300 mills in hardly two years. A policy of cutting prices has been the natural sequénce, and the effect of this has been to react on our British Columbia shingle manufacturers. On this question the LUMBERMAN has hada good deal to say from time to time. Something is known of the various efforts made in the Puget Sound district by the level-headed men of the trade to form an organiza- _ tion and prevent this policy of cutting prices. But the competition of unprincipled men has been too severe, and combinations were formed only to be quickly broken again. Prices, it was said at one time, had got - __ down so low in Puget Sound, and shingles had become so plentiful, that they were made to pass as current coin onthe church plates of that Territory. However that may be, it is well known that prices were cut beyond _ possible cost of manufacture. The British Columbia _ manufacturers for some time had been selling shingles, if not at a loss, practically without a profit, and in the effort to help over this trouble an association. was ‘organized within the past year. It unfortunately could not hold together for reasons that were explained in an x ‘interview in the LUMBERMAN last month with Mr. F. N. ___ Tennant, who has been doing a large trade in British P - ‘Columbia shingles. Prices were again broken. On top ‘ of this has come the liklihood of free lumber, and with it competition in the eastern markets of Canada, between — British Columbia and Puget Sound shingle manufac- ___ turers. The situation altogether suggested many ques- _ tions of importance to the trade and it has been with __ the idea of placing before our readers as clear a statement __ of the case as possible, that a month ago we set on foot an enquiry concerning this matter. Following these remarks we are in sine issue of the _ LUMBERMAN, enabled to present a comprehensive account of the conditions that govern the manufac- ture, sale and shipment of red cedar shingles in Canada. _ In our letter of enquiry we asked certain leading ques- tions and we think our readers will grant that Mr, . Spicer has answered these both fully and in an exceed- ingly frank manner. MR. H. H. SPICER’S VIEW. Mr. H. H. Spicer, of Vancouver, B. C., in answer to a letter of enquiry sent out by the LUMBERMAN has this tosay: If the Puget Sound shingle manufacturers can continue for any considerable time longer, to sell their product at the prices they have been selling at this year, this branch of business in Canada will become alto- gether unprofitable, when the Canadian Government re- sponds to the Wilson Bill by putting shingles on the free list. I firmly believe, however, that this year will see the end for some time to come of the Puget Sound manufacturers selling their shingles at such ruinously low prices. Without assuming the role of a prophet I will venture to say that those parties on the Sound who have been selling their shingle this year as low as $1.10 per M will not be in the business another year, unless they have been, and continue stealing their timber, and not paying their labor. Without separately mentioning the value of timber, and the cost of manafacturing, it is a well-known fact (amongst those manufacturers who have figured with any degree of care) that it costs $1.30 per M to produce shingles 16 inches long, 6 butts meas- uring two inches after being kiln dried. There are pos- sibly 10 to 15% of the mills in Washington situated along the lines of railway in the woods that get their timber cheap enough so they can produce at a cost of $1.20 to $1.25 per M. These are, however, only small mills with a capacity of 30 to 60 M per day, and mostly of a tem- * porary nature, with very inferior and out-of-date dry kilns, whereby they lose about as much on account of excessive freights, as they gain through getting their timber cheaper than their competitors. This matter of overweights to points as far east as Ontario is a most important one, since an excess of 23 Ibs. to the bundle makes a loss of 74c. per M on the present all rail rate to Ontario, which is a very considerable amount in the face of the over production and consequent price of cut- ting that has been the rule so far this year. COST OF MANUFACTURING AND SHIPPING. As to whether the Puget Sound manufacturers can afford to sell a 6 to 2x 16in. clear shingle at $2.35 de- livered at the different railway points in Ontario should our Government take the duty off, when the Wilson Bill is made effective, a few calculations will show. We will assume that all the mills on the Sound, both large and small, can produce a 6 to 2x 16 shingle for $1.20 per M. We will also give them the benefit of the lowest possible weight for a 6 to 2 shingle, namely 160 lbs. per M. Now as to rates. During the season of navigation on the lakes the Sound mills, and also those in B. C., can reach the lake ports, such as Sarnia, Windsor, St. Catharines and Toronto, on a 60 cent rate. The average rate to interior points in Ontario is not less than foc. per 100 Ibs. This rate on a weight of 160 lbs. to the M makes the freight $1.12 per Mshingles. The usual terms being 60 days from shipment, the cost of discounting bills must be considered, which is about 3c. per M. Wenow have cost of production $1.20, freight $1.12, discount 3c., making a thousand 6 to 2in. shingles cost $2.35 delivered in Ontario. In connection with freight rates it must be remembered that the season of lake navigation only lasts about five months in the year, and that during the balance of the year an all rail rate of 75c. per 100 lbs. has to be paid, which makes the freight $1.20 instead of $1.12. Reverting again to the cost of production, I have no hesitation in saying that a large proportion of the shingle manufacturers on the coast really don’t know how much it is costing them to produce their shingles, which makes them as long as they last dangerous com- petitors. B. C. AND PUGET SOUND SHINGLES COMPARED. In answer to your question as to whether the B. C. manufacturers are able to meet Puget Sound prices of $2.35 delivered in Ontario, we know they cannot ; and as to whether the Sound manufacturers can afford to sell at that price, we have shown that they are unable to do so. As to the comparative value of B. C. and Puget Sound shingles, it is a well-known and acknowledged fact by disinterested persons from the Sound that our shingles are much superior to theirs. We believe when the time comes that we will have to compete with our neighbors on the Sound, that the lum- ber dealers in Ontario will give from 15 to 25c. per M more for our shingles. Possibly the greatest superiority in B. C. shingles is that they are mahufactured from bolts taken fiom the largest and best trees, whereas the most of the shingles on the Sound are made direct from the log, the best part of which is first sawn into lumber, and the balance of the rough and coarse portion is pit into shingles. - This fact as to the superiority of the timh- ber the B. C. mills put into their shingles as compared with those on the Sound has been pointed out to the writer by wholesale dealers in Buffalo and Boston. When free trade in lumber and shingles finally be- comes law in Canada and the U. S., it will be found that the B. C. shingle manufacturers will hold the largest proportion of their trade in the Northwest and Ontario, and at the same time secure considerably more new trade in the U. S. than the Puget Sound manufacturers have taken from them in Canada. for this claim : Ist, it is, as has been shown, a financial impossibility for the Sound manufacturers to continue much longer at present prices ; 2nd, the superior quality of our shingles ; 3rd, our ability to make more prompt shipments to Northwest and Ontario points—having one continuous line of railway, whereas Puget Sound shingles are handled by two and sometimes three differ- ent lines. I will give 3 reasons REASONS FOR PRESENT DEMORALIZATION. The question will naturally be asked what has brought about the demoralized condition of the shingle business. This can be about fully answered—so far as the Sound mills are concerned—in one word, viz : Overproduction. There have been other contributing causes, such as the general stagnation of business which has prevailed in the U. S. and Canada during the last 18 months, and also the tie-up of the transcontintental railways on account of the floods and strikes. It may not be generally known in the East, especially in Ontario, that a perfect craze took place during the spring of 1892 in Washington and Oregon to manufac- ture red cedar shingles. The excitement was kept at fever heat through 1892-3, until the number of mills in those two states had increased from about 75 to 300. During the shingle craze all sorts and conditions of men em- barked in the business, and all thinking, I presume, they had discovered the way to wealth and prosperity. It 1s safe to say that the largest percentage of these men had very little or no capital to work on, anda great many more had no experience, and the balance acted as though they had not much common sense ; and judging from the present condition of the shingle business in Wash- ington and Oregon, one is warranted in saying that a large proportion of them were lacking in these three prime requisites of success in any line. In the light of these facts is it any wonder that the shingle business on the Sound is in such a demoralized condition to-day? There has been, however, a weeding out process going on for the last eight months, and it is reasonable to expect that by next spring the business will be much more in the hands of legitimate manufac- turers. A HEALTHY REVIVAL COMING. While the present condition of the lumber and shingle business on the coast is unsatisfactory, there are more reasons than one for expecting a healthy revival by next spring. It is generally thought, I believe, that the busi- ness depression cannot last much longer, and that at the furthest the beginning of next year will see a great change for the better. During this long stagnation of business the lumber dealers in the territory reached by Pacific Coast manufacturers have let their stocks run down until it would take a number of their lumber yards bunched together to make an ordinary sized yard. A greatly increased trade is expected for Pacific Coast shingles and lumber upon the completion of coast ex- tension of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railway, which will take place by the last of this year. It is said that this road will deliver Pacific Coast lum- ber and shingles in nine different states on a transcon- tinental rate, without any local rates added. In fact, it is expected that the Burlington Road will do more to open up new territory for Pacific Coast lumber products than any other excepting the Northern Pacific, 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN AuGustT, 1894 NE of the manufacturers of the province, who keeps himself in close touch with lumbering operations, and who is an old-timer in his visits to the lumber regions of almost every part of the Dominion, is Mr. Shurly, of the extensive saw manufacturing firm of Shurly & Dietrich, of Galt. I had the pleasure of meet- ing Mr. Shurly-a few days ago, on his return from the east. I asked him-how he found lumber in the vicinity of Ottawa, and his reply was, that trade was somewhat quiet. He told me that McLachlin & Co., of Arnprior, had sold their season’s cut, principally to United States buyers, but they were still holding it, waiting orders for shipment. This meant that their piling grounds were being crowded a little more than they care for. Mr. Shurly has been a close observer for years of the meth- ods of lumbering adopted in the various sections of the Dominion. Some time ago he visited British Columbia and was much interested in methods of lumbering on the Pacific Coast in contrast with methods in Ontario. For example, he tells me, that they do not pile their lumber there as we do here. The lumbermen have placed in their hands orders for export shipment and the large timbers are taken direct to, and loaded on, the vessels. The principal export trade in that province is with South America, China, Japan and Australia, coun- tries where a large business is done, when depression and internal troubles do not upset things generally. “ The felling”, said Mr. Shurly, ‘“‘ of the large timbers that grow in British Columbia is a sight full of interest to anyone who has a knowledge of lumbering operations. Douglas fir, for example, grows toa great size and height and the’ trees are cut some feet up from the ground. The woodmen cut into the tree, so that they manage to get room for working ; then they get their saws going, and it is a sight to see these men cutting into the heart and through these big trees, which will run five or six feet in diameter. There isa large amount of resinous matter in Douglas fir and the saw has to be con- stantly oiled in order that the work may be done with any speed. When the tree is pretty well cut through the men insert a wedge so as to cant it over to the side where it is intended to fall. I tell you when one of those big fellows go there is a crash, and a noise as of thunder. One day I went into the woods with Mr. R. H. Alexander, manager of the Hastings Lumber Co., to study shanty life in British Columbia. We sometimes take our fun out of the shantymen, whose fare is pork and beans, with ginger bread for dessert, but there is nothing of that kind on the Pacific Coast. I have sel- dom sat down to a better meal than was furnished that day to the shantymen on Mr. Alexandet’s limits ; and it was only the ordinary meal, no extras because there happened to be a visitor there. The best of roast beef was served up, with well browned potatoes and all the extras of modern day The cook was a Chinaman, and everything was as clean and nice as you could get in your own home. I said to Mr. Alexander, this is pretty good fair for shantymen. His reply was, ‘it pays us.’ Lumbering here is different to what it is in On- tario, and we cannot give too much attention to the physical condition of our men, otherwise they could not do the work. In contrast to this I was reminded of a visit I paid to the Georgian Bay lumber district one time. The men were being well loaded up with ginger- bread and I remarked to the foreman that this would spoil their meal. ‘Oh!’ he said, ‘this is just what we want; gingerbread fills them up and they have not so much appetite for their regular meal.’” In answer to my enquiry as to the condition of business among the saw mill and planing mill men, whom Mr. Shurly meets frequently, he said, trade was fair, but there was room for improvement. He had met a prominent Michigan lumberman who owns large limits in Canada, and his belief is that when lumber becomes free, there will be an extension of the saw mill business in this country. living. The early history of that portion of our province lying back from the St. Lawrence, and which is now largely covered by the counties of Carleton and Russell neces- suily includes many interesting reminiscences of lum- bering and lumbermen. Back in the early days of the century, along about 1825 the larger part of that district was marked by a dismal swamp, “but”, as one who has written on the subject has said, “swamps form no ob- stacle to winter lumbering and if the streams could float the lumber or logs the wealth of the timber crop could be secured. Lumbermen noted the higher por- tions of the land and kept them in view for the future.” One of the residents of that section of the province, who afterwards became famous in Ontario history, was the Hon. John Sanfield McDonald, a former premier of the province. He hailed from Glengarry, and if not a lum- berman himself, the country was well stocked with Mc- Donell’s and McDonald’s, and suveyor McDonald made the Pettie Nation and the Castor the field of his lumber- ing operations for some time. He drove a span of horses down the Nation and up the Castor on the ice to the plane of his habitation where his offspring still reside in peace and plenty. His were the first pair of horses in the province, as he was the first settler there. In 1829 Robt. Grant became a resident of that section. Peter McLaren, ihan whom there have been few lum- bermen in Ontario better known and more highly re- spected, came to where Kenmore now is about 1830. Lumbermen sailed by the Nation to the great river with their rafts in cribs orloose as they could. They knew nothing of the upper Ottawa. They went to mill on the Nation only when they must go from necessity. They were not aware that the canal was building until it was over. They heard no blasting of logs in the distance or if they did they mistook it for thunder, isolated com- pletely on the banks of their river high-way with their magnificent stocks of fishes, fowels and fur-bearing animals. They had not even heard of the birth of the little hamlet that was to be the great future capital of this vast Dominion, nor heard the whir of the machinery that was to saw the lumber to build the future cities of this vast continent. They made timber, cut wood, en- joyed life in their shanties, raised a pig or two, made their own butter, knit, spun, wove and made most of their clothing and moccasins. The good ice served them as a fineclear road in winter away round about to the front, even to the mill at Long Sauit in the St. Lawrence the first and second winters after that, to the station. Dickinson’s Landing now seems a long way to the mill, but they went. Then Chrysler’s mill was com- Then Peter Mc- Laren built a grist mill on the Castor at Kenmore, 1835. Hugh McKenna and James Telford used to tell a good story of a grand discovery they made once. Each was rich enough to own a good steer: the two madea working yoke of oxen. In the summer they strayed out on the road newly cut to the Johnson-Fenton settlement ; then held a high feast in the forest leaves till they were missed and the owners gave chase. In following their tracks on the road and in the busk they, after a long run on the track not by scent, came to where they found other tracks, and when about despairing they came at length to the clearing of Col. McDonell where they found them with his cattle. Glad and astonished to find their new neighbors, their stay led Mr. McDonell to gather his friends and four or five families and they cut a road to meet the one described, and hence their first paratively close by when it was_ built. road from Osgoode to Bytown, for their winter driving. Bh Se aE PSE “The lumber and timber trade of Quebec,” says Mr. Th. J. Boulanger of that city, “has been very dull, al- though prices for good stock are maintained fairly good. Purchasers, however, are only buying what they actually require for immediate shipments. I was told a few days ago by a lumberman, who had been down in New > Brunswick, that a good many of the mills there are go- ing to close down for the present, as the prices they are getting are altogether toolow. They say they are loosing money.” * * * * This makes the 50th year of the lumbering opera- tions of Mr. William Mackey, of Ottawa. “I have taken rafts,” he says in answer to a question, “down past Ottawa for the last fifty years—ever since 1844; some years only one raft and other years three and four, besides taking out sawlogs several years.” Mr. Mackey is the only lumberman in Canada continuously 1n the square timber business for half a century. In reply to a question, Mr. Mackey said he came to Ottawa in 1838 and joined the volunteers and was billeted on Barracks Hill where the library now stands and his captain was Capt. G. P. Bake, who was afterwards first postmaster of Ottawa. In 1841 Mr. Mackey went shantying with the late Hon. James Skead on the Bon- nechere river. “I made my first raft of red pine during the winter of 1844-45 on the Madawaska river, there being no demand for white pine in these days,” said Mr. Mackey. “I have held the hcense and paid the ground rent on the limit on which I made my first raft for nearly fifty years.” “Was it difficult getting timber to market when you commenced!” “Yes, at that time the rivers were not improved and there were no slides or booms as there are now.” ‘“ You must have seen many changes in your long business experiences.” “Yes, prices for timber and supply have varied much. When I com- menced first I paid as high as 25 per cent. interest on money advanced to purchase supplies, etc. The aver- age wages for men were from $10 to $14 per month. Hewers got $20 per month and these were the highest priced men. There was far more square timber taken out then than now, for this was long before the era of sawlogs. I have known of too rafts passing here in one season. This year ten rafts will be the limit.” “Are there many men in the trade who commenced when you did?” “I know of no one alive who was in the lumber business when I commenced except Mr. N. V. Noel, now manager of the Quebec Bank here who worked on the Madawaska river at that time, and Richard McCon- nell of the Aylmer road, but I think I am the only one whc has continuously made square timber for that length of time. Prices have varied very much. I have sold timber as low as four pence per foot and as high as 36 cents per foot for no better timber. The raft that has just passed Ottawa” concluded Mr Kackey, “is as good a raft as ever I took to market both in manufacture and quality.” This raft was taken out in the Amable du Fore river, a branch of the Mattawa river. FOC Ke Replying to certain articles and correspondence, that have appeared in the daily press on the value of On- tario lumber, Mr Quinn, of Saginaw, Mich., whose lumbering operations bring him frequently to this country, says that any practical lumberman, who under- stands his business knows that it costs from $3.00 to $4.00 for a 1000 feet of lumber in Canada more than it does in Michigan or Wisconsin. “I will venture to say,” says he, “that the logs Jelivered at Ottawa from any of the streams now in Canada will cost not less than $7.00 a 1000 feet, $3.00 to saw lumber, $1.00 for profit and loss, and I will ask anyone of ten lumbermen if the average price will be $12.50 mill run, mill culls out, and then see what they say. This is what they call big profit. The risk to any individual is from 10% to 15% a year, and the larger the owner the more risk he has to run. There is also about 5% of risk from windfalls. Let these men who do so much writing about the lum- ber business go into the woods and see the disadvant- ages that lumbermen have to contend with now, and let them get some timber at the price the government sells them for. If the fortunes are so easy made they ought to be in the business.” * * * A curiosity in tree growth in Georgia is attracting some attention with students of forestry. Itis a tree which bears persimmons on one side and wild crab- apples upon the other. Of course, as a matter of fact, there are two trees, but it takes a very close examination to convince a person that there aie. They have grown so closely that each has lost his identity, so far as appear- — ance is concerned, and the people in the neighborhood insist that it is but one tree. The persimmon side is the most fruitful and produces a fairly good yield of fruit, which is not in the least affected by the presence of the crab-apples. The other side does not bear very well, and it is only an occasional year that there is a yield ot crab-apples, but both sides have been known to bear good crops in the same year. The roots have never been examined, so faras 1 know. _ eH a -Aucust, 1894 OTTAWA LETTER. (Regular correspondence Canapa LUMBERMAN.] O a measurableextent, at least, all lumbermen live in anxious dread of an outbreak of fire: There is so much material of an inflammable character about a saw mill that only the very greatest precaution prevents many more serious conflagrations than even now take place. It is seldom, however, that in Canada we are called upon to chronicle the destruction of so large an amount of valuable saw mill property, as was the -cuse in the burning of Mr. J. R. Booth’s great mill on the _ Chaudiere, just a week after I had written you my last letter. The mill was known the lumber world over as the largest saw ‘mill on this continent, and undoubtedly one of the most per- fectly equipped mills in the world. There does not seem to be ny explanation of how the fire occurred ; the one unfortunate _ fact stares its owner and the people of Ottawa in the face, that at least, $250,000 of property has been destroyed. The mill acomplete wreck. The loss is covered by insurance to the extent of $143,500, leaving, it is carefully estimated, a net loss the insurance to be borne by Mr. Booth of at least $100, - B: We in Ottawa, from a citizen’s point of view, are hoping that it will not be the case, but it is very much feared that Mr. Booth will not rebuild the mill. About 1000 hands, all told, were employed in connection with this enterprise, representing Ba families of 3,000 persons. No comment is necessary ae ; fill their export orders for the United States, South = erica and other points. The loss too, of the season’s cut, ‘ill be to Mr. Booth a severe blow. - INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. A protest has been served by Mr. Frank Stafford on the r executors of the estate of James McCready against the sale of _ timber birth, lot No. 7, range 1, block A, lake expanse, which _ is advertised with other properties for sale by auction at Peter an’s big sale in August next. Mr. Stafford claims he is‘en- | to one-half interest in the profits of this limit under a ed to him from the late James McCready, and that the sale is sought to be made without any intimation to him or to the public of his interests. John Major, ashantyman from Greenvile, while wandering m his sleep some nights ago in his boarding house, fell from a - first storey window, some 18 feet, to the sidewalk. He has _ suffered severe bruises but will likely recover. _ > Mr. E. C. Whitney, of Minneapolis, and Mr. E. N. Briggs, of Saginaw, two well-known lumber capitalists, have been in city. They are reported to represent the advance guard of monied concern, who purpose erecting a huge mill on the Ott: awa. anc Parry Sound road in the vicinity of Eganville. aS The amount of lumber being shipped this yeear to the United States i is falling far short of the shipments of a year ago. Logs coming down the Gatineau are making slow speed, and the mills which depend upon these for supply may have to close down for want of sufficient logs. The Railway Committee room of the House of Commons was the scene ofa lively discussion a fortnight ago over the bill whi proposes to incorporate the French River Boom Co. osed incorporators are: Messrs. H. H. Cook, John Wal- ; H. . Ww. Welsh and E. B. Ryckman, of Toronto, and F. W. ey, of Midland. Capital stock is named at $50,000, and ronto is to be headquarters of the company. The privileges ed are to doa general boom business, rafting, towing, shaft- ) ansmitting all lumber, timber and saw logs in the and Wahnapitae and its tributaries and in Le Boueuf and to levy and collect reasonable toll dues and charges oe The bill was opposed chiefly ie Yaa a lumber- eiicrto meet the views of the reece: vA, Can., July 20, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence Canapa LUMBERMAN.] BER exports trom St. John for the month of June are laced at $367,837. The chief items are: Long lumber hy $325,286 ; shingles, $22,650 ; birch timber, $7,100 ; er, $1,725 ; piling, $3,789 ; tan bark, $2,758. ments to Great Britain are running somewhat light, and the case with shipments to the United States. ew mill of G. T. Prescott, at West River, is about to commence work. t of flies has compelled the engineering party who | out to survey Muskoka Co. limits at the head of the ouche to postpone their work until September. y & Co | , of Albert c county, have assigned, with liabilities THE CANADA LUMBERMAN § of $4,000. The trouble has been caused through inability to get their logs out. A small saw mill of E. B. Betts, of Wentworth, has been burned. Loss about $1,000, insurance $200. St. Joun, N. B., July 15, 1894. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence Canaba LUMBERMAN.] T this late day Ido not need to say how much suffering and difficulty to everyone has occurred through the terrible It will not be easily estimated what has been the loss to the lumber industry, and floods that visited us a short time since. it becomes a serious question what it will mean to lumbering in this province if there should be a repetition of a water deluge anything approaching the scale of this one. One of the greatest sufferers among the lumbermen by the late flood is Knight Bros., of Popcome, who had logs, lumber, shingle bolts and several cords of excelsior wood carried away. -COAST CHIPS. The Burrard Inlet Red Cedar Lumber Co. are using band saws in their sawing, turning out good work. A recent addition to the plant of the Brunette Saw Mill Co. is a timber planer capable of dressing a stick of timber 30x16 inches on all four sides by once passing through. William Munsey, of the Shawnigan Lake River Co., has gone to Japan for a trip. The Hastings Mill Co. is buying up large quantities of logs, which have already run into several millions of feet, in the Puget Sound district. Among the last arrivals at B. C. ports is the ship Drammen, 1,347 tons, from Honolulu, and will load at Hastings mill for Queenstown, U. K. The British ship, Verejean, 1824 tons, from Shanghai, is under charter to load at Hastings mill for Alexandria, Egypt. Among other vessels loading lumber at these ports for foreign points are: At Moodyville mill—Am. schr. Wm. Bowden, 727 tons, for Sydney; Ital. bark Elisa, 915 tons, for Valparaiso ; Br. ship Borrowdale, 1,197 tons, for Valparaiso for orders. At Hastings mill—Br. schr. Grace Harwar, 1,750 tons, for Queenstown for orders; Am. bark Olympic, 1,412, for Callao direct ; Nic. bark Don Carlos, 694 tons, for Noumea, New Caledonia ; Br. bark Villalta, 866 tons, for Adelaide. Am. bark Southern Chief, 1,219 tons, for Santa Rosalia. At Sayward mill, Victoria—Br. ship Benmore, 1,460 tons, for Adelaide. At Vesuvius Bay—Am. ship Guardian, 1,073 tons, for Santa Rosalia. New WESTMINSTER, B. C., July 17, 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN. ] HAT branch of trade has not felt the hurtful effects of the great railway tie-up? Here in Michigan.the yard trade on the river has had much to contend against on this account. Fortunately, perhaps, in one way, trade has not been so rush- ing that lumbermen felt that they had lost a great deal, and so they take the matter philosophically. At the same time the annoyance is provoking, and even though shipping business is small, there is a loss. We have reached the end of the first six months of the year and we must go back a good many years to find a period that for downright dullness will compare with it. To borrow an expression from a contemporary, trading has been practically little better than in wheelbarrow lots, and the man who was so fortunate as to sell an occasional car lot has had to put about a dozen different grades in each car. We have all talked so long about nearing the end of this kind of thing and been fooled, that for my part I am disposed to go out of the prophecy busi- ness. BITS OF LUMBER. $100,000 was the sum paid not long since by Sibley & Bear- inger for a tract of timber in Minnesota, which they have since sold for $180,000. Who says there is not money even to-day in lumber ? It is believed that Mr. R. G. Peters, of Manistee, who suf- ‘fered financial embarrassment lately, will be able to pull through, pay everybody, and have a surplus. A committee consisting of S. O. Fisher, A. M. Switzer and S. Eddy, is to visit Washington with a view of influencing legislation against the final passing of the Wilson Bill, making dressed lumber free. It is not thought by many that the mis- sion will be a success. Large quantities of Canadian logs are coming across to this side, the weather being quite favorable for rafting. A raft from Georgian Bay, making the fifth this season, and contain-- ing 4,000,000 logs, has reached Alpena. Shipments of lum- ber from Alpena up to July 1st, show a falling off of 3,154,000 feet, compared with the same period of 1893. During June there was shipped from Cheboygan 13,088,103 feet of lumber, 1,301,300 lath, 1,500,000 shingles, 47,500 cedar ties and 26,790 posts. There was received 6,700,385 ft. of Canadian logs. SAGINAW, Mich., July 18, 1894. ‘* BOTTLING UP STEAM.’’ 4 aceota matter revealed frequently by the reeord- ing-gauge chart is the practice indulged in by many attendants, of “bottling up steam.” Its time of most frequent occurrence is a few moments before starting time in the morning and at noon, and in some cases just before clearing fires. Of course it is the simple out- growth of ignorance concerning the limited amount of steain in quantity they can so bott!e up, and the very “small service it can render, compared with the injury which the practice, when persisted in, ultimately does the boiler. Aside from this objection, the habit is ex- ceedingly pernicious, because only a few moments, neglect would cause the pressure to accumulate to the point at which the safety-valve is supposed to open ; and then, if it happens to be inoperative, an accident is al- most certain to follow. No excuse should be taken in any shape, under any kind of reasoning, tor “ bottling up steam.” Ifthe generating capacity of the boiler is not equal to the current demand, it cannot be helped by simply bottling it up: in fact, it has been my experience that where the recorded line has been extremely crook- ed upon the first introduction of the recorder, the effect of such introduction has been to cause a much more uni- form line from day to day, until the nearest approach to uniformity had been reached, consistent with the vicissi- tudes of the demands for steam. A steam-user once apologized for the appearance of his record, saying that the steam was drawn from the boiler at irregular periods by persons in the mill, and consequently the firemen ‘could not carry any very regular line ; that this use of steam was different from that in most places, etc. Notic- ing, apparently, my incredulity, he asked if I disagreed with him. My reply was: “Do you suppose that the steam necessarily falls as low as this record indicates?” In other words I called his attention to the fact, that, where a fireman is on the keen lookout for his~ boiler pressure and water level, he will readily detect the pointer-hand of his gauge the moment it begins to rise or fall, and govern himself accordingly. if he sees the hand indicating that the pressure is falling he will avail himself of the opportunity to slow down his feed, and perhaps open his damper wider, and if his fires are in prime condition, withold fresh coal for a few moments; then when the onslaught upon his boiler has ceased, and the hand of his gauge is stationary, or starts to move upward, he will at once set about to replenish his coal and water, and so have his conditions favorable in afew moments for another attack upon his steam supply. When his steam is raising, he can afford to feed and to fire, and his thought should be to have every- thing in prime condition while he had surplus power and opportunity. Then he will net be caught so badly when these extreme attacks were made upon hin. These extreme fluctuations, then, are largely due to the fact of his being unprepared to meet such emergencies ; becoming alarmed when his steam has fallen 20 or 30 pounds, he attempts to get up by replenishing his needy fire with coal, which only tends for the time being to re- duce the pressure still more, until it has become capable of delivering its gases, ready for combustion. After this little explanation the proprietor shook his head, and said he had never thought of it in that light, and that he would have to call John to him and havea talk with him. Now, the result of this was, that from that time on, the man’s record never fluctuated in the same manner again, and the average steam line main- tained was one which showed constant firing frequently in small quantities, and keeping himself in shape to meet these emergencies. Undoubtedly the man had to work a little harder at first, but afterwards it was easier when he properly understood the matter and manipulat- ed his fires accordingly. The suggestion from the pro- prietor was exceedingly valuable. It resulted in teach- ing his man, and in mutual regard between them after- wards, because it showed that the man was capable of being tanght, and willing to be, and that the proprietor had evidence of resulting fidelity, The dissemination of knowledge among firemen can certainly do no harm, For instance, 10 PE CANADA LUMBERMAN ate a) 2 a om Re Pn TRADE REVIEM: Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, July 25, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. TTENTION among business men in this country has naturally been directed during the month to the railway tie-up in the United States. Sufficient of our lumber is shipped to the other side to cause us to feel quite seriously a disturbance, as large as has arisen out of the Pullman trouble. Those who had made con- siderable sales of lumber to United States dealers, have been obliged in the meantime to hold shipments. The trouble is now supposed to be ended and supplies will commence to move, though it is to be expected that the outcome of lumber will be affected by the discontent and unsettledness of trade, that will be a certain after- math of the big strike. Immediate shipments of Cana- dian lumber to the States are also being affected by tariff legislation in that country. We learn of large sales that have been closed, but the instructions are to hold lumber in the meantime. It is fitting to draw attention in this column to some- thing we have to say on the editorial page concerning foreign export fields for Canadian lumber. It may be that a consideration of the matter is not going to put money in the lumbermen’s pockets to-day, but there can be little doubt that a study of the conditions named in the article in question will bear good fruit in the future, and the time need not be very distant. : The drives in most parts of the country are coming along with less trouble this year than is usually the case. Reports from certain points along the north shore show that there will be few, if any, logs hung up in that dis- trict. Toa good extent the same is the case in the Ottawa district. Just yet we cannot say how the volume of cut, as indicated by the logs that come along, will compare with other years. But it seems quite cer- tain that the cut will be smaller than a year ago. Al- ready preparations, which is something unusual sc early in the season, are being made for operations in the woods, a ci1cumstance that tells of strong confidence in lumber, and is a hopeful outlook for the future. It is to be remarked that these operations are principally by American owners of Canadian limits, and would appear to be indicative of the belief that free lumber is becom- ing daily a greater certainty. The depression in the American market is having an effect on the New Brunswick mills, and several of these are closed down. Dealers in different parts of the pro- vince are careless as to making sales, believing that prices will advance shortly. It is an impression with New Brunswick lumbermen that the British lumber market is improved, though it must be confessed that other advices do not give strong encouragement in that direction. Prices of lumber have been reduced in Winnipeg by $1.00 per 1000 feet. Comnipetition from Minnesota lum- ber is given as the cause for this step. Lumber trade, generally, in the Northwest is slow. And the same is to be said of British Columbia. Nothing cheery can be written of local lumber trade. Business, both in the country districts and the city, is slow enough. UNITED STATES. Trade this year has been going altogether in the wrong direction to give any necessity for such a disaster as has come to the United States during the past month in the shape of a great railway strike. Dull as business has been the strike has mtensified the dullness. At many of the leading centres it has simply been impossi- ble to make shipments. Then the disturbance has had a discouraging influence on those who were disposed to enter into building this summer, and with midsummer -y reached, it is a question whether operations that had been planned a month ago, will go on now, before fall at anyrate. With prices as lowin Juneas many believed they would reach for some time, considerable sales of lumber have been-made, but these have been held, be- cause of the strike, and if dealers find the anticipated demand shrinking it will be another case where com- . merce has suffered from the strike. In the planing mills of Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan, we are told that operations have been practically stopped and thousands of employees thrown out of work. The Puget Sound and Washington territory have suffered through the strike from the fact that it was impossible for them to get supplies through to destination. Thus the matter stands to-day and it will require a few weeks of breathing, now that the strike is seemingly ended, before’ lumbermen will know just how bad things are with them. It is believed, with the season as far ad- vanced as at present, that it is quite clear that there will be a decided shortagein the output of white pine logs. The curtailment in cut that was freely predicted at the time is apparently going tobe realized. Prices, it is expected, will benefit by the situation. FOREIGN. The second three months of the iumber trade in Great Britain did not keep pace with an encouraging movement that showed itself during January, February, and March. The consumption then improved, but to quote the Denny, Mott & Dickson circular: “The first half of the year closed with weak markets all round. Values being so low, there seems little room for a fall; but needy holders may be forced to realize and notwith- standing cheap money, theie is little temptation tor the stronger ones to ‘hold the baby,’ should large parcels be forced on the market.” The London Timber Trades Journal attributes the unsatisfactory conditions of the Canadian market business to the bad feeling brought on by the utter collapse of the freight markets for parcels. “ Sellers who had purchased early in the year, probably having calculated their prices on the basis of a 4os. freight, are naturally dissatisfied with how the things have gone. But who could have foreseen when the sell- ing season was on that in June parcels of deals could be brought forward at fully ros. per standard under these rates.” This same journal expresses the opinion that the destruction by fire of Booth’s mill at Ottawa, will probably mean a loss of 12,000 Petersburg standards or more to the British market should much stock have been burnt. Farnworth & Jardine, of Liverpool, in their wood circular report that imports, with few exceptions, have been heavy, and that a want of confidence con- tinues to be displayed. The South America market holds in very fair condition, and there isa slight improve- ment in conditions in Australia. HARDWOODS. Attention is being drawn to the fact, that at present, at least, there is not very much encouragement for ex- porters of hardwood. Our Chicago cotemporary, Hardwood, says, it is simply absurd for any reasonable person to make promiscuous shipments of lumber to any foreign market, for to do so is about equivalent to giving away the stock. The market reports prove very con- clusively that stock is simply sacrificed for the freight and accumulated charges, and that in many Cases, so far from obtaining a fair return for his lumber, the con- signor gets nothing for it at all. A late issue of the Timber Trades Journal, of London, confirms this view. It says: “We have more than once alluded to what appeared the impolicy of holders pressing their stocks upon a weak market, while there seemed a chance of better times to come: but we think now, from the re- sults, that those who adopt these tactics are acting wisely in their generation by selling before the market is crowded out by new invasions, equally impatient of a moment’s delay in competing for the ready penny. First come, first served, that is the system of trade, and the big importers, no doubt, are fully alive to the fact that whatever proportions the coming supplies may reach, they will be more than enough to prevent prices from ad- vancing.” C. Leary Co., of London, intheir monthly circu- lar of present date, say thereis little prospect of any market revival in consumption, though they add, the tone is steady and the additional supplies that may be expected this year should be readily absorbed. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, July 25, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. I 1-4 in.ycut tpiand better... 2. yelecec vse ene bests 0b misinle sins 33 00 36 00 1x10 and 12 dressing and better...........0000.seceeeee eens 20 00 22 00 Pe CuO ek Ua beng pc qnG Doorn asin tea oem a aprmc sot 16 00 17 00 IXIG'ANG, TP COMMON Sore rersleie cvs 1xY3 and wider...... 15 00 17 00/2 in - SHINGLES. 38 i in. XXX, clear... 3 85 4 00] 16in., *A extra...... 260 270 8 i in. XX, 6 in, clear. 2 85 | 16 in. clear butts..... 2 10 7. ; _ LATH. No. 1,4 ft........... 2 50 ae ie aut baer sae crain 6 o8 I 10 BOs 2A EBrecrc siccaic.s 3.0 I 95 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. TONAWANDA, N. Y., July 25.— A comparison of trade this year with that of a year ago does not cast much sunshine into lumber offices. Hardly any sales are _ being made, and those who show a disposition to buy have been aptly termed “bargain hunters.” Similar things may be written of the Buffalo market. The _ Buffalo Lumber Exchange has put itself on record dur- ing the month as being unalterably opposed to free lumber. WHITE PINE. Uris hs Kem aud 2 Shelving, No. 1, 13 in : --$46 00 48 00 and up, rin...... 31 00@33 00 Retire “52 00 55 00| Dressing, 14% in...... 25 00 26 co Bele cisa\si8s 5800 6000] 1&%xroandiz...... 26 09 oomenbe S800, 39) 00)| 134 In..:.......-.. 24 00 25 00 . ZROONS WADA «tc iaars\cie wie. «i era's 26 50 28 00 Rietstaicis <5 47 00 50 00} Mold st’ps,1 to 2in.. 33 00 35 00 Sto SOC 52 00| Barn, No. 1, roand 12 . ion, I in... 35 00 38 00 Hi eaaae SCRE 2% 00 23 00 1% M..... 37 00 38 00| 6and 8 in......... 20 50 22 00 Bieeciersiers(s\c'+ 39 00 40 00 No. 2, ro and 12 in. 18 co 19 00 MERE sass ae 6 45 00 6and8in.......... 18 00 19 00 Lice 45 00 No. 3, toand 12 in. 14 00 16 00 , No. I,1in. 27 00 29 00] 6and8in.......... 13 50 15 50 se+2+-+++ 33 00 34 00] Common, rin........ 16 co 18 00 é./Shu0 17 00 18 00 1% andi%in...... 18 90 20 00 tO. 923/00 2400} 2 in............-. 19 00 22 00 . 18 00 19 00 BOSTON, MASS. in business, but the eediraeine feature is the t which lumber is being sold. The unsatisfac- mdition of spruce that was noted here last month Very little spruce is arriving from the St. , a place from which usually comes good sup- Boston. Quotations all around are of a nomi- acter. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Fae neisedoee each 9) 25 975 meer: $12 00 err e's] o/sais'< 9 00 16:00)| 54inch.. 222... 2 8 50 1200 12 50| Clapboards, sapext.. 50 00 55 00 900 1000] Sapclear......... 45 00 5000 IO 75 II 00 Sap, 2nd clear.... 49 00 975 1000 INO] Weta nse aise 25 00 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD, Bae Rtec er. $50 00@5r 00 | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 42 00 46 00 344 and 2in.. 52 90 55 00| No. 2, rin. Finecom. 28 00 30 00 EanNierdlateieviais «0 60 90 1%, 1% and 2in... 29 00 31 00 + 43.00 45 00] No.1 Ses. 4 to 6 in. 43 00 44 00 - 48 00 50 00 A ,. 36 00 37 00 5I 00 : - 28 00 30 00 Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.... 24 00 32 00 -+ 36 00 38 00| Coffin boards........ 2I 00 23 00 ++ 34 00 36 00| Common allwidths... 22 00 26 00 common, rin. «++ 38.00 40 00} Shipping culls, rin... 15 00 15 50 14% and 2in... 42 00 do 14% in. 15 50 16 50 7 SPRUCE—BY CARGO. ing and plank, Coarse, rough........ I2 0o@14 00 ndom cargoes.. 14 0o@15 oo Hemlock bds., rough. 12 00 13 00 orders, ordinary "dressed 12 00 14 00 apres I5 00 16 00 bar bds., extra, 4 ft.. 29 00 3000 extra Clear, 4 fice ccs oe 30 00 3100 Sha aneeneer 16 00 1800] Second clear....... 23 00 24 00 , seneer 5G)00820:00;|' Nos Tos... 5 eee i200) TOKoo s Zeseveseres-+ 1600 17 00 : LATH. BRR pote vcsivsvives cise rsesVeiss ses Mao eesess OSWEGO, N.Y. Osweco, N. Y., July 25.—Though trade is dull a better feeling prevails than fora little while past. Prices, however, are not just as firm as formerly. WHITE PINE. Three uppers, 1%, ie and MTC ees ete snes nines sinieinre Pataca «ache $47 00@48 oo Pickin see Me me Te peso Om Ys wedge i ayemeyigteia fetes na via a atirots 39 00 40 00 No. 1, cutting up, | Sao BcnnccoasepercncedeTe 34 00 35 00 No. 2, cutting up, CR. Uonncer ae pp Pe AGO ony be 24 00 25 00 In strips, 4to 8 ae, selected for,moulding strips, 14 to16ft. 32 00 34 00 SIDING. t in siding, cutting up 1% in selected....... 38 00@43 00 picks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 | 1% in dressing....... 20 00 22 00 1 in dressing......... Ig 00 21 00/14 in No. rculls.... 15 00 17 00 rin No. 1 culls...... 14 00 15 00] 1% in No. 2cuils.... 14 00 15 00 tin No. 2 culls...... 13 00 14 00J1 in. No3culls...... II 00 1200 IX12 INCH. PAM eK OMLGE Pun ITMMMG LILI carciar> are cle letalsiatetsterstsisiators/s/a\a’ sists 4\«)nyara‘e 21 00 24 00 x2 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards................+-- Ig 00 20 00 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better...............-0+ee-0 27 00 31 00 WPA ROLES Ce NOs) 2h CULL totale(s a°0\+ cYaferalelstsiolcterele\s nici’ e\sia/a\q/a'= I5 00 16 00 1X10 INCH. 12 and 13 feet, mill run, mill cullsout.................+-++- 2I 00 23 00 1z and 13 feet, dressing ARG) DELVeH eee actelsls'siolaa aeieis sae) ss 26 00 28 00 IxI0, 14 to 16 spar eihoards. <\acaeeeee htc esis saaes 18 co 19 00 HANNO RCS LEE IN OsY Te CUES c/s \aiaisicteis/aieccin\-ia/a.bis'=1 Mill run, mill culls out.$22 oo@z5 00 | No. rculls........... 17 00 18 00 Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00| No. 2culls........... 15 00 16 00 IX4 INCHES. Mill run, mill cullsout 17 00 21 00 | No. rculls..........- 14 00 15 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 30 00| No. 2culls........... 13 00 14 00 1X5 INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill 6, 7 or 8, No. reulls.. 16 00 17 00 CUUS!ou Parteners = 20 00 25 00| 6,7 or 8, No.2culls.. 14 00 15 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and hefter® tonics «+ 25 00 30 00 SHINGLES. XXX, 18 in pine....... 3 70 3 90] XXX, 18 in. cedar... . 3 50 3 70 Clear butts, pine, 18 in.. 2 70 2 go| Clear butt, 18 in. cedar. 2 50 2 70 XXX, 16 in. pine...... 3.00 3 20| XX, 18in. cedar .... 190, 2 00 Stock ‘cedars, 50r 6in.. 4 50 5 00 LATH. INC RB I bio ence io eicnoeceo ec 2 30 | INIGBUESE Cte etal San ee 2 25 UNiGer Heme lOinertaire foto: ce aes eee t 80 ALBANY, N.Y. ALBANY, N. Y., July 25.—The circumstance can be taken as a hopeful one, that dealers here are receiving good quantities of lamber from the mills, believing that the present has been a favorable time to buy at close figures, and freight rates have also been favorable. PINE. 2% in. and up, good........ $56 $60 | 1o-in. common............. $15 $16 Mourthist.cactaeeicwae 58 | r2-in. dressing and better... 28 34 Selects... 50 Commons: Meee a I5 17 PIickine sv ioececns nee : 45 | 1%-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 4o 45 r& to 2-in. good........... 52 55 Commeonteen ies tee = 15 17 POU tetera «vars. ett 47 50 | 1-in. siding, selected........ 38 42 SElGCiSs runeetmetanseruele 42 45 Commons a. eit I5 17 Bickine see pmtmremnioyiciaat sree 37 40.) Norway, clear............- 22 25 PANN OUR Y es kv ties tui Gare 52 55 MveSsitettscerta ctetaelsvesnieys 16 18 ldap sarcipgeeeoReeee SG ss» 47 50 @ominonie-conmace sneer EL) 05: SELEGES nee teres teres ieee 42 45 | ro-in. plank, 13 ft., dressing c. c. IDidkine si ace uefa. 37. 40 and better, each ....... 2.42 55 Cutting-up ----2.- 26.2... 22 27 | 1o-in. plank, 13-ft. culls,each 23 25 Bracket plank ............- 30 35 | 1r0-in. boards, 13 ft., dressing Shelving boards, 12-in. up.. 30 32 and better, each.......... 28 32 Dressing boards, narrow.... 19 21 | 10-in. boards, 13-ft. culls.... 17 21 LATH. Bnei ctenciieetenisiescie stares stele D2e AEM || PEUCE) ota : —Mr. E. B. Eddy, the well-known lumberman a Hull, was married last month to Miss Shiriff, daughter of Mr. John Shiriff, High Sheriff of Northumberland County, N. B. Mr. Eugene Rouillard, of the Quebec Crown Lands De- partment, has recently been on a visit of inspection to | the lands | agencies for the Chicoutimi and Saguenay districts. A VALUABLE BOOK ON BAND SAWS. HE Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que., who recently Some of the reasons we have found out, but othe we were tbs ; sure of, and in these cases did not know how to prevent: break- ing of saws. We can recommend this book to anyone using. a band saw, and pg man who has charge of band saws should — have a copy of it.’ The advantages of electrical transmission of power are largely those of the relation of the position of the machinery with the motive power of the establishment. Each room is’ entirely independent from other rooms, and any motor is always: ready for service as long as the machinery from which it derives. its. electricity isin ‘operation, Pe EO os AucGustT, 1894 CABLE-WAYS FOR LOGGING. HE work of hauling logs, as an important part of lumbering, has called forth some of the best engineering skill of the country. We have already described in these columns the piece of engineering en- terprise put into operation within the past few months by Gilmour & Co., of Trenton, so that they might bring the logs from their Nipissing limits with the greatest ease and least expense. In this case the distance from the limits to the mill is somewhat over 200 miles, and there is at times a log haul of over 300ft. long and about 4oft. lift. Those who have personally inspected the Gilmour experiment say that it has worked charmingly. Logging by cable is another method that has received a good deal of consideration from engineers. In a late number of the Northwestern Lumberman, Mr. Met L. Saley, in his chatty chapter, “ Salmagundi,” tells of what is known as Kelliher’s system of moving logs by cable. Kelliher, it appears, is a Maine man, .who has lost two or three fingers in his battles with logs, and this fact, combined with a considerable experience, no doubt, has set his mind thinking along these lines. It is not chronicled, however, that he has yet brought his cable system to a very high degree of perfection. It is des- cribed as being somewhat sluggish in its movements, and to quote Saley’s description, “‘ The cable was heavy, and when you tried to do it up in a coil so that it could be hauled away to another field of action, was the time when the men would become tired on short notice.” Then there is a Glover & Chandler’s steam logger, which made its debut in Northern Michigan about six months ago, but so far :t has only met with indifferent success. A cable-way on a more elaborate scale than anything that has yet been attempted proved the subject of a paper at the recent annual convention of the American Society of Civil Engineers at Niagara Falls in June last. The author of the paper is Mr. Richard Lamb, an as- sociate member of the society. What he has to say we will let him tell in his own words, thus : “The problem that confronted the wriler was to de- sign a cable-way that could be operated at least half a mile, and with the power placed upon a boat or car lo- cated at a navigable puint. It should gather in the logs for at least 500 feet on either side of the cable-way proper, and by its means bring the logs to navigation at a reasonable cost for operation. It was necessary that such a system should be easily and cheaply moved from place to place as the total area of forest to be cleared at any One setting would not require much time. Trees had to be used as supports, as they are the only practic- able foundation to be found in the swamp. It was evi- dent that any steam system would have to be worked in practically a straight line. To attempt to find trees in a straight line would be difficult if the distance apart was not great, but after running a number of lines it was found that in a forest of ordinary density a practically ‘straight line could be gotten with trees at from 100 to 225 feet apart. The writer’s system was designed tor long spans in consequence. “Tron brackets in the shape of a T are used for passing by the trees and for supporting the cable. The T iron bar straddles a 1%4 x % inch iron pipe driven into the tree at a height of about 13 feet from the ground. Dogs on the ends of the arms attached to the T iron bar are driven into the tree on either side, and a chain wrapped around the arms and held from slipping by upset knobs keeps the arms from spreading. The chain also serves to hold an iron snatch-block. . TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 “A swinging sheave is hung from the end of the T iron bar on which is an iron band curved rearwardly and downwardly, which acts as a fender and also replaces the hauling cable should it become disengaged from the hanging sheave. The steel saddle at the end of the T bar is provided with boiler steel U plate. Two wedges pass through the U plate and saddle in opposite direc- tions to each other. By means of these wedges the U plate clamps the main gable rigidly to the saddle. On the head tree two sheaves are placed, on either side, and on the tail tree a 2-foot steel sheave is chained. “The endless %-inch pulling cable, made of nineteen strands of steel wire, is passed through the sheaves on the head tree and on the brackets and around the large sheaves on the tail tree. Two turns are made around a two-foot elliptical grooved sheave, run by a twenty-five H. P. reversible engine for a %-mile line. After the %- inch cable is out, the main cable is hauled into the swamp by steam power by means of the hauling cable. “The cars are made with a hanging frame supported by a horizontal axle passing between the wheels. By this arrangement the hanging frame can remain vertical even when the car is climbing the steep grade of the catenary on approaching the saddles and when passing over them. The hauling cable is attached rigidly to the swinging frame at a point located so as to clear the swinging sheave, and the hauling cable is practically parallel with the bearing cable at all parts of the line. “It became necessary, however, to design a system that practically would not be limited as to the distance it could be operated. To this end an electric cable-way was built. As economy and ease in moving depended being able to use few supports, or, in other words, long spans in the forest, it was evident that no system of trac- tion was available. The direction of the force should be parallel to the bearing cable. This suggested the use a ¥%-inch cable, made fast at both ends, to be supported at the tree brackets by a narrow saddle, so designed as to enable the cable to change its course and not-to be- come disengaged when the car passed over it. “The motor is made with the car like the steam cable- way, with a hanging frame having attached to it an elliptically grooved sheave which is revolved by means of a newly patented worm or wedge gearing, driven by a 5-kilowatt electric motor with vertical. shaft, all at- tached to the swinging frame of the car. By taking a couple of.turns of the %-inch cable around the elliptical grooved sheave, when the motor revolves the gearing, the sheave winds up, and at the same time plays out on the ¥%-inch cable, thus pulling along the car. ““When it reaches the bracket, the small cables lifted frem the saddle momentarily, and the car can take a new course. Hence we are not limited to running in a straight line. The main cable is used as the conductor. It is insulated at the brackets by micanite placed be- tween the saddle and the iron T bar, and the current is prevented from passing down the frame of the motor by a micanite insulator at the point on the frame where the axle-box joins the frame proper. The points of the in- sulator are each provided in their construction with hoods to shed water. “The worm or wedge gear deserves special mention. It was invented in 1891 by a Mr. Welsh, of the Glen Cove Machine Company. It differs from an ordinary worm gear in that it has 25 per cent. more contact sur- face, moves two teeth of the gear wheel at each revolu- tion of the worm, and works on the principle of a wedge rather than an incline plane. The worm gear especially made for this electric motor is designed to work both DAK TANNE ways, and has ball-bearings at either end of the worm, to lessen the friction and thrust. The gear wheel, worm and ball-bearings are encased in a jacket filled with oil. Thus the minimum loss in power is effected between the electric motor and the elliptical grooved wheel. The electric motor is run at 1,340 revolutions per minute, giving a speed to the motor proper, with the gearing, of six miles per hour, which is the desirable speed for log- ging purposes. The current is taken from the main cable through the wheels, thence through the axle to the axle-box of the hanging frame. Here an insulated « op- per wire connects it with the rheostat. The return cur- rent is passed through the axle of the elliptical grooved wheel; thence on the %-inch wire to the brackets ; thence on a wire down the trees to the ground. “In the system now built 220 volts are used. The trial was made at the works of the Trenton Iron Co., Trenton, N. J., along the banks of the Deleware and Hudson Canal. It was found that the heavy logs could be pulled from a distance up to the cable, by the same method as employed in the steam system. When two motors are used, the empty cars are switched off the cable and motors are exchanged, the motor which hauled the empties taking back the loaded ones, and vice versa. This system of electrical cable-way can be used for an endless variety of purposes.” = THE MANUFACTURE OF LUMBER. wu all the progress that has been made in methods of manufacture of goods from other natural pro- ducts, in the judgment of Hardwood, we are yet a long way behind in the matter of transmuting the trees of the forest into a product for merchandizing. The saws of the ancients, our co-temporary goes on to say, were blades of metal with serrated edges, the points of which were sharpened in the same way as now. There has been a certain amount of improvement in the blade by changing the shape of the teeth and making it thinner and of more uniform thickness, and perhaps of better temper. It is even problematical if these are not rather a return to an age of lost arts preceding an era of barbarism which held sway for a few centuries. The up-and-down saw mill of to-day is built on pre- cisely the same principles as the pioneer mill of Gottlieb Muller, erected on the banks of the river Rhine in the 13th century, though instead of one saw it carries two or more in a gang. The only new principle that has been applied to the gate saw mill is the oscillating movement in the gang. There have been great im- provements in the application of power, and the gang edger and trimmer have been added. But these are all in the interest of speed and increased output rather than in the real manner of making the lumber or improving the quality of its manufacture. The question is raised whether there are half a dozen lumber manufactureis in the country who can tell, or even give an intelligent guess, as to the number of thous- ands of feet of their annual cut that is reduced by bad manufacturing. The only persons who have any ade- quate knowledge of this subject are the expert lumber inspectors who do actual grading by quantities, and many of them, while they know that it is considerable, have not given the subject sufficient thought to be able to say what the percentage really amounts to. The good judges assert that it is not less than 5°/., and there are those who firmly declare it is more. Call it 5°/, of the entire cut of the country and think of the enormous amount this is. THE J.C.MSLAREN BELTING C2 montreac 14 were a THE CANADA LUMBERIMAN a Aucust, 1894 SWEDISH SAW MILLS. N this wooden country we certainly have attained toa high art in saw mill building. The Timber Trades Journal, of London, Eng., makes some statements, how- ever, in regard to the magnitude of saw mills in Sweden, that are likely to be surprising to some on this side of Um ermanh the water. One institution, the Skutskar Company, =e manufactures and exports annually nearly 120,000,000 feet board measure; and there are several mills that ship 40,000 to 50,000 St. Petersburg standards per sideemne Eee {2 7 9 E sae A St. ne eae standard fee ; I so ye We have Special Values In - dred, as it is more properly called—contains 1,980 feet ; so that the export of 40,000 standard means 79,200,000 feet board measure. LL pL —. ayo 5 ” ES EE A ee ee em Attention is called to the fact that these outputs are produced from small timber, not often exceeding 8 to 9 inches in diameter, and frequently as low as 6 or even 5 inches, making the result still more remarkable in com- parison with the industries of the United States and Canada. The large saw mills in Sweden have some- times upwards of 20 frames. Two are mentioned that are fitted with 24 frames. In Norway the largest con- cern is Saugbrugsforeningen, that controls 21 frames and a large plant of planing machinery that enables them in certain years to produce nearly 30,000 standards, the great part of which is “ prepared,” or worked in the : planing mill. The biggest individual shipper in the old FE BY B | A | N oe O world is said to be A. Ahlstrom, of Bjorneborg, who, it 9 @ is said, owns about 15 frames, capable of sawing up- wards of 30,000 standards. The largest individual ship- WHOLESA LE GR OCERS TORO NTO. ONT. is P. Vikstrom, Jr., of Stockholm, who ships more than Mr. Ahlstrom, but does not exclusively own the different mil!s that turn out his product. SHURLY & DIETRICH 93 CALT, Gi a line of NagagakY just suitable for Camps and prices RIGHT. Drop us a post card for sample THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES SOLE PROPRIETOR 1 THE SRE CAEMICN PROCESS OF TEMDERING = : Our Silver Steel an are Unequalled ypRA ULIC y) rac NER NORTHEY. LD. TORON’ TD AuGustT, 1894 QUARTERLY ANNUAL INSPECTIONS BY AN EXPERT ENGINEER Our Steam Boiler Policy covers all loss or damage to the Boilers, also to property of every kind on the premises or elsewhere, whether it is the property of the assured or of others for ould be liable i case of explosion, SUBSCRIBED GAPITAL, $200,000 THE STEAM BOILER AND PLATE CLASS INSURANCE CO. J. H. KILLEY, Consulting Engineer. which the assured w THE CANADA LUMBERMAN oO Head Office JAMES LAUT, Manager. F GANADA London, Ontario S. JONES PARKE, Q.C., President. “LISOd30 LNTWNUIAOD 114 REAMER LUMBER CO. 2. WHOLESALE DEALERS IN WHITE PINE —~ eee NL) « HARDWOODS 4| Park Row

= PAEEM at eiciniere ss soca Burton Br0S rece <0 tw) ekele) lists car's erimbeny Winholesale and: INetatls ccloeies elec crv nnn oll erecta rate alate wae eine nian = = alm Waubaushene, Ont....|Waubaushene......... Georgian Bay Consolid. Lumber Co.|Pine only. ...........--- +--+ sees eee eeee eee ce es Waubaushene mill, stm., 200m; Hd. office arcade 24 King st. w., Toronto Pt. Severn mill, water, 120m Calabogie, Ont........ Calabogie ........-0.- Carswell, Thistle & McKay... . . .|Lumber, Wholesale and Retail.......--.- 22-000) ics c cence cece eee eee et ee eee cess Callander, Ont........ Callander, G.T.R. ..../John B. Smith & Sons .1....... White and Red Pine Lumber, Bill Stuff, Lath Head Office, Strachan Ave., Toronto} and Shingles........-..-..-.s2+eeeeeeee snes Steam, 2 Circular, 80m Collins Inlet, Ont...... Collins Inlet... ........ Collins Inlet LumberCo.........- Lumber, Pine, Oak, Ash, Birch, Whol. and Ret.|........--.-0. 0s seeeeeeeeeeeeee Glammis, Ont.......- PAePiGkertonh....', a. 2s. + McIntyre, N. & A...........-|Saw, Shingle and Lath Mill, Timber Lands,|/Steam, Cir., Saw 14m, Sh. 20m Hemlock, Pine, Lumber, Hardwoods......... Hamilten, Ont........ EVATMAE GI \s « sin. ass wa BRADLEY, MORRIS & REID CO. .|Lum., Tim., Pine, Hem., Hwds., Whol. and Ret.) .. 2.0.0.0 000.02: ee sees ee eee eee Huntsville, Ont........ PARES VSMC 3). ctei<. --0/5:0.« Heath, Tait and Turnbull Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Hardwoods. ..|Steam, Circular, 25m Hamilton, Ont........ Huntsville and Katrine|/Thomson, Robert & Co. . . .|Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hardwoods............- Steam, Circular, 4m Keewatin, Ont........ WSCC WALIM |. 507.0242 -/0% Dick, Banning & Co.........--- Sawmill, Pine, Hardwoods, Wholesale........-. Steam, Circular ‘ Keewatin, Ont........ WECEWALIN, oes. -- eee Keewatin Lumber & Mfg. Co..... Saw, Lath, Sh. and Pl. Mill, Moving Posts, Pine|Water, Band and Circular, 1oom . Lakefield, Ont......... Paketield eso. ye ..c se = Lakefield Lumber Mfg. Co. ...... Moainber, Wholesale ami etatlis cot qs ecniies vents [trie sine cosine mane sc é y Little Current, Ont....]Sudbury........-.-..- Howry, J. W. &Sons.......... emmabers Wihelesalerandsk ete lent ray ect ln ice wail baie sis cisjsieieia clei nists wien td London, Ont.......... PLE le eee Gordons James «= 2P-.0 + selene « 9 <= Exp. and dlr. in Am. Hwds, made to specification] .........-...-.-..50eee seer eee - Longford Mills, Ont...|Longford............. Longford Lumber Co.........-- Saw and Plan. Mill, Tim. Lands and Logs, Pine|Steam, Band and Circular, 1oom Norman, Ont.......... Puree fi Bs. 2 o's a's Minnesota & Ontario Lumber Co. . .|Lumber, Wholesale and Retail... ..-... 6.2.22 .0 |. cece ene eee eee teen eens PSGMISEMOMG. 525.5... Elmwood, G.T.R...... es EE ISON! Gr SUN. cna. a atelaial oun nae Hardwoods, Shingles, Lath, Handles........... Steam, Circular, 20m. Toronto, Ont.......... Warren, CPR. 2... The Imperial Lumber Co., Limited. .|Pine......-- 1.9. ses. seen eee eee eee ee nee 80 M. per day, Stm., 2 Cir. Saws Toronto, Ont..........]Cache Bay, Ont....... Davidson, Hay &Co..........-. W. Pine, Lath, Shingles, Dim. Timber, Car Sills|Stm, 2 Band, Cir. & Gang, r40om “leah a Walkcfieldy au: .0inees ss S? Je wilson: & CoO. 0.02 /cia. cee. © Pine and Hardwood, Wholesale..........-.-.-- Steam, Circular, 15m. mornnte, Ont.......... Toronto oe EGDMARE cn. 5) oo. ake ei tus ya pe Parsee MMT esa tere) etree atetere ial oleisieivlaieielereieis(arsi\iorv o'r «le civiaiwie ss cassie siaisieia-neicinee se Toronto, Ont ..|Toronto Donogh & Oliver ...........-. Lumber, Wholesale §..-...00.00.0-.-2ccsees-ees Com. Toronto, Ont. -|Toronto . . _..| Victoria Harbor Lumber Co. .... . .}3 Saw, Shingleand Lath Mills, White Pine, Whol./Stm., Cir., Gang and Band, 140m Maconto, Ont.......... Toronto .. .(W. N. McEachren & Co........|Lumber, Wholesale.................-..0e-eee ‘om. Toronto, Ont....-.-... Toronto .... .|James Tennant & Co..... . ... -|Lumber, Lath, Shingles, etc., Wholesale........ Com. SePeIEG ce --<2.------. Toronto DeLaplante & Bowden........ .|Pine and Hardwood Lumber, Whol. and Retail. sibronto, Ont.......... Toronto James McBain Reid. .... . . .|Ry. and Ship Timber, any required dimensions...]....... 2.06.0 -0s eee eee e eee ee Seurearton, Ont..-..-.... WIEKOE. « cassava sc = Miler Bo Bs. ese ss oe . . -}3 Sawmills, Lumber, Barrel Heads...........-. Stm.,Wr., Cir., Port. & Sta., rom Montreal, Que........ Montreal. sa. 06s. 22 se Dufresne, 0. Jr. & Frere....... .|Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Hdwds., Whol./Steam, Circular and Band, som Montreal, Que........ Mrontved ist .2 is: « ce SHEARER & BROWN ........ ./4 Sawmills, Oak, Ash, Elm, Pine, Hem., Dim...]2 Stm., 2 Wat., Band, Cir., 4om Moodyville, B.C....... New Westminster..... MOODYVILLE SAWMILL CO. .. . .|Sawmills, P. Fin, Spruce, Cedar, Hardwoods .../Steam, Circular, 20m New Westminster, B.C.| New Westminster.... . Brunette Sawmill Co.........- .|Saw and Planing Mills, Sash, Doors and Blinds.|Steam, Gang and Circular Canterbury, N.B Bridgewater, N.S...... South River, Ont...... Canterbury Stn. ...... Bridgewater South River, G.T.R... James Morrison & Son... DAVIDSON, E.D. &SONS...... South River Lumber Co., Ltd. ..., Fir, Cedar, Spruce, Hardwoods -|Sawmill. Pine, Hardwoods.............:+.-++-+ 5 Saw, Shgle. and Lath Mills, Pine, Spr., Hwds. Pine, Spruce, Birch, Hemlock, Shingles........ Steam, Circular, 38m Water, Circular and Gang, 200m Stm., Cir., 4om, Shingles, 35m, Lath, 15m Lumbermen desirous of being represented in this Directory can obtain infermation in regard to rates by communicating with the Publisher. CORRESPONDENGE SOLICITED 16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Adver- tisements must be received not later than the 24th of each month to insure insertion in the following issue. = Sa OR SHINGLES IN CAR LOTS WRITE FOR Bao McEACHERN & CARR, Trout Creek P. O., Ont. ff Hf Hi Hi Hi HI \ GUARANTED. WANTED OR HEMLOCK, DIMENSION LUMBER, hardwood flooring, cedar shingles, pi es, sawdust, etc., write J. E. MURPHY, lumberman, Hepworth Station, Ont. BEST MAINDRIVE. Sole Canadian Agents i-t Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. WANTED Y TWO YOUNG MEN OF NINE YEARS’ experience, a contract of sawing lumber in the north country frcm some responsible firm. Would put in their own machinery. Ready to leave present locality in six weeks. Address: Pies Ss ANNUAL SAL “Ee . .. CANADA LUMBERMAN. FOR SALE OR TO LET WO-STOREY FRAME PLANING MILLAND Carpenter Shop—Vine Avenus, Toronto Junction, including boiler and engine, with or without machinery; E eScyooifitlieu C ~ OFFICE. SCHOOL. \=- CHURCH & LODGE FURNITURE FRA _S END FOR CAU x S TL. JONES Fo. -PHE...<.3 NUUEITE RAILROAD FROM Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAW AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MT. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND AUuGUST, 1894 ‘. FIRE PROOF ROOFING ’ ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE METALLIC ROOFING © /MANUFACTURERS, TORONTO $165.00 Highest Grade GYGLES OR SPOT GASH! § , 5 CLEARANCE PRICES - ONLY ABOUT TWENTY LEFT = These Wheels will be sent sub- size of building, 40x120 ft.; steam heated ; stable, store- house, office, and large yard in connection; can be utilized for any manufacturing business. Apply, J. P. WAGNER, Toronto Junction. FOR, SALE About 25 M Feet 1 inch Dry Ash Lumber, FINE quality. A. H. MERKLEY, MorrisBurG, OnT. FOR SALE ABERGE MILL, WITH WOOD LAND, over 400 acres, near St. Faustin, County of Terre- bonne, P. Q., on Montreal and Western Railway, com- prising two H. P. boilers, one 65 H. P. engine, and saw mill complete—only one year in use—with clapboard machine and planer and log lathe, shingle machine, Champion planer and matcher, &c.; side track ; with or without over 200,000 feet of sawed birch and spruce. Good red‘iction made on cost price. Address to J. LABERGE, 1511 Notre Dame Street, Montreal. FOR SALE ORT ROWAN SASH AND DOOR EACTORY and Sawmill and Shingle Mills. The Factory is fitted with new 60h. p. steel boiler, also with follow- ing new machinery by Macgregor and Gourlay, of Galt. “Taree Matcher and Planer combined, Band Saw, Power Mortiser, Shafter, Jointer and Sandpapeier. Apply Box 16, Port Rowan, Ont. RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS STEEL AND EW AND SECOND-HAND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. Lumbermen__» YOUR BUSINESS HELPED UBY ~~... IS .. ADVERTISING.’. GANADA LUMBERMAN WRITE FOR PARTICULARS One TIMDEF - - LIMILS The subscriber has been instructed by the several owners to offer for sale in separate parcels, by PUBLIC AUCTION IN THE ROTUNDA OF THE Board of Trade IN THE CITY OF TORONTO, ONT, — th WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 2, "94 commencing at 2 p.m. prompt, the following valuable timber limits :— Townships of Dill, Snider, Caldwell, N. and S. Burleigh, McMahon, Morin, Striker, Houghton, Mc- Givern, N. W. part of 155, parts of Mississauga Indian Reserve, Cobden, and the mills, etc., of the Blind River Co. : also Townships 43 and 51, berths 5 and 6 Butt, 2, 3 and 6 McClintock, 2 and 5 Livingston, 2, 3,4 and 8 Thunder Bay, 3 Perry, 3 McMurrich, =1 Pringle, Townships No. 31, Hawley, Appleby and Hugell, and the mill of Cockburn & Sons, Sturgeon Falls, Provmce of Ontario. Also in the Upper Ottawa Agency, Province of Quebec, the following very choice limits: No. 7, R11, block A—sg7, 598, 599, 601, 602, 603, 604, 591, 592, 593, 594, 600, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 781, 18 , 26, 27, «8, 35, 37, Kippawa; 394 and 395 Black, etc., etc.” The above include the limits of Barnet and Mackie, E. E. Lawzon, and the valuable adjacent virgin limits on the Upper Ottawa For catalogues, terms and further particularsapply to PETER RYAN 28 Victoria Street TORONTO ject to examina- tion to any part cf Oi. tario, on re- ceipt of a suffi- MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company’s line of steamships across Lake Michigan. The line thus formed is a short and direct route from cient sum to MONTREAL TORONTO cover ex press and all Canadian Territory char_es. To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. “FULLY GUARANTEED—. These Wheels are equal to any, and bear the highest testimonials, which will be forwarded on application. GEO. F. BOSTWICK 24 WEsT FRONT St. - TORONTO. E. C HILL, Mngr. Cycle Department. This read traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions : a market for every product of Forest and Field. The policy of the “F.& P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. GENERAL OFFICES: SAGINAW, MICH. F. E. DIXON BELTING GO. MANUFACTURERS OF star Rivet Léather Belting WRITE FOR 7O King of. East, Toronto DISCOUNTS Every Lumberman wants it 45 cents buys it RIBNER'S LUMBER AND LO; BUR SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY SAVES TIME Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, PRACTICAL INFORMATION HARD-MOUTHED HORSES AND PULLERS CONTROLLED WITH ABSOLUTE EASE. RUNAWAYS IMPOSSIBLE. This statement is now repeated by thousands who have purchased BRITT’S AUTOMATIC SAFETY BIT. SAFETY This Bit, by an automatic device, closes the horse’s nostrils, GUARANTEED HE CANNOT BREATHE, AND MUST STOP hi cut shows Bit A eithout its leather ROM RUNAWAYS RBSOLUTELY GUARANTEED WITH THIS BIT Any horse is liable to run, and should be driven &) with it, By its use ladies and children drive horses " men coald not hold with the old style bits. | Send for illustrated pamphlet containing testi- oO monials from all parts of the world, and earnest and candid expressions eo the irae AU es : AFETY BIT and its resistless but harmless and humane powe Ze pgp ke the most vicious horses and controlling the most stubborn pullers and oorOrtne pully bit: in the world that is endorsed, advocated, used and sold by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, The Highest Authority. DR. L. P. BRITT, 37-CoLLece PLACE, NEW YORK. 4 “ ‘3 SAUDER BELTING, PACKING, HOSE HEAD OFFICES AND FACTORY: MONTREAL. THE CANADA Aucust, 1894 LUMBERIMAN 17 W. STODART J. W. MAITLAND H. RIXON J. G. AINSILE a MAITLAND, RIXON & CO. OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, GEDAR AND HEMLOGK Quotations furnished on application (GALT MAGHINE KNIFE WORKS» WE MAKE A... eee SPECIALTY OF DMACHINE KNIVES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting —S=—=Send for Price List== Meer ee rlAY, GALT, ONT. P SAW MILLS MACHINE \ SUPPLIED SCYLINDER = E. SPECIALLY WITH Pen (rade: ... Heavy Quality iemaermen -——» - 6INDOUBLE OAKLEATHER——7,522" waste. W.A FF L E M [ N G e It occupies about the same space as an ordinary ; planer. SOLE AGENT FOR CANADA. You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. 57, STFRS.XAVIER S? (24 FRONTSE E)VICTORIACHAMBERS an MONTREAL. (| TORONTO.j OTTAWA. - MANUFACTURED BY - * EASTMAN LUMBER CO. a EBASIMAN, QUE. The Parmenter Patent Dry Kiln FOR DRYING LUMBER, SHINGLES, STAVES, HEADING, ETC. —"_ For further information address J. S. PARMENTER, Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. Gand Lath Maching | LaTtTHe BOLTER FITTED WITH TWO OR THREE SAWS tl —S—SSS=N i as a ie the 4 oa a ; Y means of the hand Jever shown at top of machine the feed can be stopped AS solid iron frame, geared feed roller, and heavy binding roll of large wi! instantly. The machine is provided with supports for the lath between the Saws ; size so it will adapt itself to rough or uneven slabs. Heavy steel saw arbor a these supports prevent any short pieces of lath from breaking off and becoming stuck with three bearings. The outer bearing is made with a slight taper, and ed adie This is the principal cause of so many Lath Saws becoming the box is easily removed for the purpose of changing saws. . Bhe dives <3 ; SBekt j ; : i i i 2 j . Weight, 1,200 lbs. Spee This Lath Machine is fitted with four 12 inch saws which should run about pulley is 10 inches diameter, 13 inches face a j 3,000 revolutions per minute and will cut fully as much, if not more, than any of saws, 2,500. == other similar machine in the market. Weight, 800 lbs. THE ABOVE MACHINES ARE MANUFACTURED BY e F. J. DRAK E————_ BELLEVILLE, ONT. é- wat SA. a - oa nS Ja ik Y aa > ‘ CFE greet eA eee i ve ht) bey . a oe THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Avoust, 1894 FP AAIBIOI | LUNBERNEN. PLANING MILL MEN SHOULD SEND FOR MY and all parties who are inter- ested in MILL MACHINERY — DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES. Nos. 17 and 18 . _———__ con TAINING Y ) Immense List of Engines, Boilers, Iron, Wood-working and Miscellaneous Machinery ae NOTE TAE ADDRESS -———— H.W. PETRIE .»- WAREHOUSE: 14110,145 Eromt St. West, - TORONTO Macuinist, DEALER IN AND SECOND-HAND M-ACHINERWiRs DO Youd (Adjoining New Union Passenger Station WANT | JONOGH A Life Policu An Endowment Policu An Investment Policy Or an Annuity Policu @ THE ONTARIO MUTUAL LIFE ISSUES TAEM ALL WHOLESALE DEALERS IN One 20-year Survivorship Distribution Policy em- braces all the newest features, and is the best form of Protection and Investment money can buy. It has no equal. Guaranteed values, attractive ceptions and liberal conditions. A WISE AND GENEROUS PLAN. Our Annuity Endowment Policy ensures a certain annual income to yourself during 20 years after matur- ity of the Policy or to your family at earlier death; and the Annuity Life Policy guarantees a sure income to your family during 20 years after your death; first pay- ment immediate, The rates are lower than on ordinary plans. |_ittle Giant GLrbines WATER WHEELS FOR ALL PURPOSES, ¢ HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL 0o¢ WATER WHEEL GOVERNORS MACHINE DRESSED GEARS, PULLEYS, SHAFTING, .... HANGERS, ETC. OFFICE Nos. 213, 214 and 215 Write for Catalogue and Gear Lists. HORIZONTAL TYPE. J.C. WILSON & CO., = Glenora, Ont. by practical men to be The Best Machine on the Market SAW MILL « | MAGHINERY B.R.MOWPY & Son SHINGLE MILL REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND GAREFULLY EXECUTED Gravenhurst, Ont. & OLIVER Saaee Tht “BOSS” gg Shingle Machine j Manufactured by us is acknowledged LUMBER BE Board of Trade Building Toronto, Ont. J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath & Shinglés BRACEBRIDGE, ONT. CAVEATS and P ATE N TS TRADE MARKS Obtained in Canada. UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PAT- ENTS A SPECIALTY. Engineering Drawings Furnished. W. J. GRAHAM, 71 Yonge St. PR=ap aoe Ao) , > [NST Rene OR a € EON IRE, yet Mat onhy CHAS \ ROSSIN HOUSE} ‘TORONTO, CAN.N# ER BND 106 BOO Has had a sale of over one million copies, and is the most com- plete book of its kind ever published. Gives measurements of all kinds of Lumber, Logs, |} Planks, Timber; hints Ni! to lumber dealers, wood RM, measure, speed of circu- AW lar saws, care of saws, ™ cord-wood tables, fell- ing trees, growth of trees, land measure, wages, rent, board, interest, stave - heading bolts, etc. . .. PRICE, 35c., POST PAID... Orders have been received for this book from nearly all parts of the civilized world, viz. : United States, Canada, Australia, Cuba, Nova Scotia, South America, Wee Indies, South Africa, England, Germany, and rance. G. W. FISHER, Box 238, Rochester, N. x. ee Vouwwe XV. TORONTO, ONT., SEPTEMBER, 1894 cra hig Bl MAGNOLIA MEGAL IN USE BY Mie Lesa oine Governments . BEST ANTI-FRICTION METAL FOR Be iced Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill a AID ALL MACHINERY BBRARINGS eee GI OLITA MH TAL Co. mea aed Stee VETO PEE : 74 Cortlandt St.. NEW YORK TREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS ; | ; s ey et AE —— oo MORSE VALVE MACHINE PLEASE MENTION...... ; . Af Ae TURNER & SON “The Morse“ — is the only machine in the market that a will reface Steam Valves in position. Tk ‘ 5 Sail, Tent and Awning Mak s 4 ee 9 g a ér ee 3,000 MAGHINES IN USE. The —» ky AAs =n 4 Ga nada } 251 George St. and 154 King St. DL : PETERBOROUGH mS > see Canoe, Yacht and Boat Sails made to order. Perfec eS CS af USTRAT NG A*, ; J ] fa) Pa SEE ee, Fits G é Valve Reseating Outfit. . +. When corresponding with RONTOS "fe eee fr / ats Guaranteed DA RLI NG B ROTH BRS advertisers tae ew ee A a of Lumbermen’s Supplies and SOLE MANUFACTURERS _ Reliance Works,’’? - MONTREAL. t { Joun Bertram & Sons == CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS, ONTARIO | Cc. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhue & Go. MANUFACTURERS OF | BATHER BELTING 772: ano LACE LEATHER Danville, Que. GEO. GORMAGHK Wholesale and Retail Dealer in ALL KINDS OF LUMBER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL el es ; MANUFACTURERS OF | WOOD -WORKING MAGHINBRY F MAGHINE TOOLS, BTC, sis. eS WHITBY, ONTARIO _ Write For Prices anp CATALOGUE hee) fat ks 884-536 Dundas Street _ TORONTO, ONT. ee Fx MANUFACTURERS 7 —AND - > E.R. BURNS a Possout Saw Handle |) ircutar THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED -—— aD 1) ~re— Saws KINDS, €6gI ‘y39z ounf pojueqeg .°.:.- —_ ec —=— ASK YOUR HARDWARE MERCAANT FOR IT SHINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY . = OO ee eee ee ae Le ie Saws Cy NEE OO Se se ee ; THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Serremner, 1894 THE PRRSvleaie p ance os a Ce Wa VW Mia THE .BAND SAW PRESCOTT MILL CARRIAGES BAND SAW MILL in different sizes Prescott’s Automatic Carriage Offsets - Prescott’s ‘Direct-acting Steam Feeds COVEL'S | ; SAW TOOLS q FOR FILING ROOM = Ottawa, Can., Y ofl TOP GUIDE NOW MADE WITH GOOSE 3 July 5th, 1892. ifl a pp : \\| z Dear Sirs : | E It may interest you To WHOM IT MAY CONCERN : to know that on June 30th p i 4 This is to certify that the Wm. Hamilton last, in eleven hours, the : alt | ie 4 Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- ae” Be : q i | borough, Ontario, have been licensed to manu- Band Mill driven entirely q s ne : facture and sell throughout the by water—which we got ‘Vl Dominion of Canada, the Band Saw Mill known and called the - T= th ry rescott Patent Ban ill,” also from you, sawed 7 i : “Pp Patent Band Mill, : S i => | N hin) the device for Saw Mill Carriage 4.047 feet 1-inch j topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetruth Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. ‘Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanapA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to “WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for eachinsertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its yalue to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. EE GROWTH IN THE LUMBER TRADES. We have asked the question of representative men in the trade, whether it is anticipated that not only will free lumber give an encouraging impetus to the shipment of sawed lumber to the United States, but will it not also mean that we will be able in Canada to manufacture larger quantities of dressed lumber and send supplies in that shape across the border? Some of our correspondents are disposed to speak cautiously on the point, preferring, evidently, to let developments tell their own tale. At the same time the impression is strong with many in the trade, that if not immediately, at least before a great while, this department of lumber will grow, present mills will be enlarged, and planing mills will be erected in conjunction with our saw mills. What does this call for? And what does this mean? One thing is quite clear that with any considerable develop- ment in the mauufacturing of dressed lumber there will need to come not a few improvements 1n the plants of our planing mills. We have a number of planing mills equipped in a very creditable manner and capable of a large output of manufactured product. With others, however, this is not the case and we apprehend that the advantage in the removal of the duty could be easily oft- set by the draw-backs of manufacturing with machinery that has been supplanted by that of a more modern character. As every manufacturer knows there is not worse economy anywhere than to undertake to manu- facture on a liberal scale with a plant that has long since been supplanted by machinery capable of do- ing the same work not only more perfectly but with greatly increased expedition. The draw-back with many of the small manufacturers to-day in every line of busi- ness is the fact that they cannot compete with the larger - concerns located in centers of population and equipped with the most improved machinery. Where are our smaller manufacturers of agricultural instruments to-day? They are either struggling along doing simply a small local frade, or they are wiped out of existence, because their plants are out of-date, and they have not felt able to bear the expense of a new equipment. The opinion was expressed only a few weeks ago by a well-known - flour miller in the province that the small millers were having a hard time of it, because they were finding the competition of the big millers, with their improved faci- lities and greater opportunities for business, too much for them. It is the early bird catches the worm, so runs the old proverb, and ifthe changed situation of the month points correctly to an important development and growth in the planing mill business of the country the men who are quick to see the change and to take advantage of it will put themselves in a position to secure the trade now, which later on may not beso readily gotten hold of, or at least it will bear the burden of increased competition and possibly lesser profits. ——————— EDITORIAL NOTES. ¥ AN effort is to be made again to raft logs on the Pacific. Two lumbermen, of San Franciso, are at the head of an enterprise to raft lumber from Oregon to San Franciso, and a cradle, 600 by 50 feet with a capacity of 7,000,000 log measure, decked with 450,000 feet of sawed lumber, has already been started. This is not the first effort to raft logs on the Pacific, but hitherto the success has been of a doubtful character. Lumbermen will be interested in watching the outcome of the present move- ment. THE Ontario Government has issued the following regulations to apply in Atgonquin National Park, recent- ly set aside for forestry purposes : “ All visitors are to furnish the superintendent or ranger with their names and their addresses, and the part of the park they intend to visit, with the duration of their stay ; they are for- bidden to cut or injure standing timber; hunting, trap- ping or fishing other than by line is forbidden, and a permit must be obtained from the superintendent for that. And no fish can be taken beyond the park boun- daries ; fires must be kindled on_ bare rock ; nor more than one firearm may be carried by each party of visi- tors ; no visitors are allowed in the park during the open season for moose and deer, viz., from October 20 to November 15.” MENTION was made in these columns at the time of the breaking of a boom at Tonawanda, N. Y., allowing a huge raft of square timber belonging to the H. M. Loud & Sons Lumber Co. to go over Niagara Falls. For the next two months the shores of Lake Ontaric, from Oswego to Hamilton beach, were dotted with sticks of timber that had drifted ashore and some of these managed to land as far as the Humber and the Island. Several of the sticks that came ashore near the Humber were, it is alleged, picked up by Mr. Chas. Nurse, and a Hamilton legal firm have now issued a writ on behalf of the Loud Co. for $200, against Nurse for alleged wrongful conversion of the timber. The trial will bring out the interesting question of the rights of owners to the floatsam and jetsam that comes ashore. STRIKES and boycotts are in many cases two-edged tools. Whether or not at the time they serve the im- mediate purpose aimed for, it is often the case afterwards that they cut where least expected. The growth of labor disturbances is such as to make capital exceeding- There have been no seri- ous labor difficulties in lumber circles of late, at least with workmen whose duties call them into the woods. But capitalists are commencing to say, “though we have not yet been struck, there is no telling when our turn may come.” Doubtless it has been from motives like this that large lumber operators of the northwestern states, have declared it as their intention to insist upon the employees signing an iron-clad contract before en- tering upon their duties in the woods for the next winter’s operations. This is a rebound of the Debs’, agitation that would hardly have been forseen at the time it was precipitated. ly wary in all its movements. IT is a recognized law of commerce, for stern practice makes it so, that trade will always move in the direction where prices are the lowest, other conditions being equal. We find an illustration of this in the action of British Columbia mill men, who have lately found it more profitable, owing to the low prices there, to buy logs in the Puget Sound district, than to operate their own camps. Within the past two months over 5,000,000 > SEPTEMBER, 1894 _ feet of logs have been shipped from Ballard and other — points to Vancouver. An increased activity in the — toreign lumber market, however, has caused the Wash- ington territory people to advance the price of fir logs $1.00 per thousand and following the same law of trade, — this increase being above the mark, British Columbia lumbermen are not likely to continue buying at the amended figure. } THE supposed soundness of wheat as an asset by whomsoever possessed has long since caused to pass in- to a proverb the expression “Good as wheat,” as indi- cating the financial strength of any commercial concern. But how the situation has changed ; wheat is no longer worth $1.00 to $1.50 a bushel, but it is down to 50c. and hardly any commodity in the market is a greater drug. | This condition causes a lumber cotemporary to suggest that the time has come when the old saying “ Gool as wheat” might be substituted by “Good as lumber. Perhaps in view of conditions as they exist at this moment there will be some to say that the change is not warranted by facts. Is it not? Every day lum- ber, whether in the shape of the standing tree, or cut and dressed, becomes more valuable, for whilst wheat can be raised every season, should it by chance become scarce, — forest products are becoming lessened in quantity ' every year and it takes not one season, but many sea- sons, to raise a good crop of trees. And even in this direction, with our knowledge of the continued lessening of the source of lumber supplies, very little effort is made to amend matters. ; THE forest fire has again been playing terrible havoc with iumber interests on this continent. Fortunately up to the present time this season Canada has not suffered to any appreciable extent from this cause, but within the past month fires have swept over Wisconsin and Minnesota, greater in extent of loss and suffering than bas been the case from any fires, probably, since the fall of 1871. Great loss has been experienced at Phillip, Wis., where the great lumbering plant of the John R. Davis Lumber Co. was located. Out of 700 buildings only jo have remained standing, Mr. Davis remarking to ‘a friend that he had what he stood inand that was about all. It is supposed that the loss to the Davis’ Co. will amount to nearly $1,500,000 and additional to this fully another $500,000 will be needed to cover the loss to the town. Fortunately the insurance runs up into pretty good figures. The distress among the people of the town has been very great, as not only were their homes burnt with all their contents, but they have been left practically shelterless and almost without clothing and provisions. About the same time that the Phillip fire ~ broke out the consuming element had commenced its work at Mason, Wis., Oshkosh, Wis., and Minneapolis, Minn. Itis calculated that at least 100,000,000 feet of lum- ber have been wiped out within the month in this manner. LN other years, we have been told, there has not been as much lumber piled on the docks at Saginaw and Bay City, Mich., at one time, as at present, the estimated amount being close to 300,000,000 feet. This is one in- dication only of the extent of the depression in lumber among our neighbors to the south. The hope, however, is strong, with the tariff difficulty settled, that there will be a speedy moving of these immense stocks of lumber, for the wisest heads in lumber circles are holding to the opinion that this depression has only been waiting for a settlement of the tariff matter to bring it to an early end. No doubt much of this lumber that is held could have been disposed of, if the owners were prepared to have sacrificed prices. We have been told by a lumberman, who has recently returned from a visit to Michigan and ~ other American lumber points, that those who have been ~ able to hold their lumber, pending the tariff settlement, have done so, knowing that it is too good an asset to. sacrifice in any way. It is perfectly true that there has been some slacking in prices, but these breaks have | been usually made by the smaller men, who have been — compelled to realize on their lumber to meet immediate obligations. Another good indication of the substantial character of lumber as an asset is to be found in the comparatively small number of failures that have taken place among lumbermen during these months of trying depression, THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 < ONTINUING the discussion on the British Colum- bia shingle situation, to which considerable attention of the Pacific Coast Lumber Co., New West- says : “As to our ability to compete in future set Sound mills, we anticipate that some of the Jeals will go beyond one car, as the Ontario people ww too well what shingles should be. The Washing- eople cannot afford to sell a good well-made shingle y cheaper than we can, and the B. C. mills are not ] their own on present prices. They have no pe ees over the B. C. makers. They es. F ‘The average eiiaates of Washington are not _ wort within fifty cents per M of the average B. C. Washington and Oregon are suffering san tom over production than B. C. In those two ei without means : result, over one half the are either idle, run by receivers or run.on a plan to} ‘co-operation between mill-owners and crews, ina at many cases the money being found by the middle “a ma or dealer or the wholesale grocer taking the product of the mill and furnishing the necessaries of life in ex- ge. Probably a more rotten state of affairs never 4 ‘existed before in the history of shingle making, almost everywhere the quality of the goods turned out being me ide a secondary consideration—big day’s cut first— _ hence these cheap, nondéscript shingles which are fast -Tuinin ing the trade. We certainly anticipate that the ~ removal of the duty will enable us to do a trade of the better class with parts of the United States, but on “account of the state of affairs in Puget Sound it may ike us some little time to get our goods introduced and “gaint the confidence of the only class of buyers we want to get in line with, namely, those who want a good _ article in shingles and will pay a legitimate price for “vexs “A few, saa ago Mr. John Donogh, of the lumber of Donogh & Oliver, returned from a visit of about months in Great Britain. “My trip was chiefly on ’ said Mr. Donogh. “It was YS first oy i U aris it lasted. Our firm do not do, as perhaps know, any lumber business with the United King- but I made the acquaintance of several firms in Glasgow and London with the aim of ascer- their methods of business and how business was have been catching it pretty dull in Cana- t 1 am free to confess that the lumber trade seems in the dumps in the mother land as it does here. 2s the one story was told me of dull markets, uff selling, and prices far from satisfactory. A a fect the dullness i is attributed to labor troubles, nmerce generally.” is * * * * H.R. Herriman, a well-known lumber operator in trict centering around Little Current, Ont., draws } picture of the lumber situation in that region. is dated August 5th, written before word would hed him of the final passing of the free lumber in the United States Senate. Mr. Herriman a ore says :—‘ Lumbering is very dull here at present. All the mills are closed for the season. The large quanti- ties of logs taken out at the Whitefish River by J. W. Howry & Sons and J. & T. Charlton have all been sent to the American mills for manufacture; the last raft disappeared a few days ago and with it disap- peared many days of honest laber that our men are justly entitled to. This great injury to our country has been going on for years from many pomts along these shores—how long is it to continue? Is it to go on until our last pine tree is felled? There are millions and millions of feet yet standing in this section of the pro- vince and many thousands of dollars must be spent in its manufacture and is it possible that the influential men of our nation are going to stand back and permit this great loss to continue? Is it possible that we must be forced to put our money into the pockets of the store- keepers and tradesmen on the other side of the line? If this thing must be then our lake-port towns and villages will all be like this one at present—dead—and the failures of our wholesale men will not be lessened any.” % # * The supply of lumber on this continent, either in Canada or the United States, is not so great that lum- bermen can afford to discard any part of their product, that can by any possibility be turned to commercial uses. In fact the trend of business is towards an utilization by evety possible means of the waste products of the mill. This was not always so. Even the younger men of the trade can tell of the time when the refuse ard culls were consigned to the fire box with rare wastefulness as the best way of getting rid of them. We are still forced, how- ever, to draw the line at knotty lumber, for who wants anything that is so great an eyesore? But why this objection to knotty lumber? Is it only awhim? This isa question which Mr. H. B. Wetzell endeavors to answer in a recent number of the Tradesman. It is his opinion thatthe objection to knotty lumber arises largely out of prejudice. Nature has placed the knots in large parts of our lumber and it is suggested that the Great Architect knew just what he was doing when he so created our timbers. Mr. Wetzell admits that lumber should be as free as possible from knots, worm holes, splits, checks, decayed or dotty wood, wind shake and other natural defects in most places where wood 1s used in agricultural implements and where strength is re- quired. But clear lumber 1s quite generally used—and the user pays the piper—where knotty lumber would for all practical purposes answer as well. Clear lumber must be used according to present fashion for interior finish of buildings. But why? In many parts of Europe knotty lumber is used where the lumber will be the most readily seen, and there, to use the words of a lumber dealer of Glasgow, it is considered much prettier than if the wood was allclear. The knots relieve the monotony and give the surface tone and artistic effect. The interior of some of the largest and most magnificent dwellings of the wealthiest classes are finished with both soft and hard wood in their natural colors or free from paint. Throughout France, Germany, Russia and all the continental European countries, we are told, the same idea prevails. Hundreds of millions of lumber are annually destroyed or allowed to be wasted or destroyed on this continent of small and knotty trees and portions of trees cut which are not utilized, because the lumber would be too knotty to satisfy an arbitrary and false taste when it reached the hands of consumers. With this the record, in a day when economy in lumber is becoming a necessity, Mr. Wetzell wells asks the question, may we not in this country economize and at the same time imprové our tastes by utilizing knotty lumber ? : * * % * “There was a clause in the United States tariff bill, as just passed, which was an amendment in the Senate, that shows how closely our neighbors have watched every detail of this tariff measure,” remarked a prominent Can- adian lumberman to me a few days ago. ‘“‘I refer,” said he, “ to che clause in the bill that makes the distinction that finished lumber when imported from any country which levies an export duty or imposes discriminating stumpage dues, shall be subject to the duties existing prior to the passage of the act. This particular clause, of course, is leveled at the Ontario government, or at least at those politicians in the local legislature, who have hinted at the government increasing the stumpage dues or placing other restrictions upon the sale of lum- ber in this province.” 5 GANG EDGER SAWS. ANG edger saws are not given the attention they should have, remarks a writer in the Southern Lum- berman. This may be said of every saw about the mill, but the log and edger saws are the most important saws in use. A good edger can no more make good lumber with poor saws than an engine move without sufficient steam. The question stands between the solid and in- serted tooth, and diversified opinions exist. Some mill men would not havea solid saw asagift. Others are just of that opinion as to the inserted tooth. My experi- ence has led me to adopt the solid saw under all circum- stances where 2 modern machine is used, so that the saws can be easily changed. The solid saw is the cheapest in every particular, and will do better work, it kept up as it ought tobe. Filers generally prefer inserted tooth, as they have less to do— when the mill man’s pocket is not in consideration. This is very nice for the saw maker. Edger saws can be very easily kept up. From 15 to 25 minutes’ time will put a set of saws in order by the following method, provided there are plenty of teeth in the saw—say 21% inches from point to point ina new saw. File the front of the teeth square. This can be quickly and economically done with a mounted emery wheel. The saw can also be kept in perfect joint by okserving the dullest teeth and grinding them more. The back of the tooth is filed to a slight bevel, using a short spring set, occasionally swaging a little to keep the points the full width of the saw. A bent monkey wrench will not run in any saw, much less an edger saw. The hammer set is the best. By its use a concave set can be run directly under the corner, and the saw will do nice work and will not produce friction. A full-swage tooth is much more trouble to keep up, and if any other than a pressure swage is used, the teeth are liable to sprawl off from rebound, especially in the use of the up-set swage. Where a full swage is used there is much more work to be done and the saws wear 25 per cent faster. I know it is a prevailing plan among filers to give their edger saws alick and a promise. I have done that myself, and, by experience, found out that I was losing time and giving the edger men much unnecessary worry. It is a bad practice to run edger saws too long. The saws are liable to be sprung by heating when an unexpected tough or thick piece comes over. When saws are fitted up with a good set, and not run too long they can be sharpened on the emery grinder in a very few minutes, and then are ready for another good run. but ifrun too long, they must be set and more likely swaged a little, owing to the corners being so round This cannot be done on a dull tooth without first grind- ing it, which makes a lot of unnecessary work. Besides this, the saws cannot be kept in anything like perfect joint. A poor workman grumbles at his tools. It is as- tonishing what work can be got out ofan edger with the saws in good trim and in line. I have seen machines used over ten years doing better work than the latest improved machines. I have never yet seen the man or machine that could control a dull saw. I once saw a $600 edger thrown out because it would not make good lumber. The cause was defects in the saws and collars. The latter had worn so as to allow the saws to lead, which they were striving todo. A new machine was put in of another make, because a new one, with new inserted-tooth saws, was seen doing fine work. Inserted-tooth saws, with teeth at three cents each, and new ones required quite often, are a matter of ex- pense, and the filer will find that the task of resawing them is much more than to swage solid teeth. As stated above, I prefer the spring set tooth, with a little swag- ing to keep the point full width ; good, satisfactory work can be done and the output of the millincreased. Teeth for spring-set should be from 2 to 3/2 inches apart. Spring-set teeth too far apart will tear out at the bottom, making rounding, instead of square, sharp edges. I do not advocate a thin edger saw. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HE intimation made in my letter a month ago that Mr. J. R. Booth would not likely rebuild his big mill at the Chaudiere, recently destroyed by fire, is, I am sorry to say, proving correct. Spoken to on the question some days ago, Mr. Booth said: ‘‘I have no intention of ever rebuilding on the site ofthe big mill. I have not changed my mind since the morning after the fire when I took inthe wholesituation. The old story was always some new complaint about the lumber- men, either from employees or other parties in the city. I have felt that there was little or no encouragement for me in this work, as enterprise of this sort does not seem to meet with the public appreciation”. Asked as to what he proposed doing with the site, he said that the property was one of the most valuable of its kind in this part of the country, possessing some of the very best water power obtainable on the Ottawa. Such being the case it would be foolish to think of letting it stand idle. He had little doubt Lut that the land and water power privileges would meet with a very ready sale or if parties did not seem desirous of purchasing, he might rent the property to any firm that might want to establish itself at the Chaudiere. Mr. Booth said that his intentions regarding the old mill would have no influence upon the Peiley and Pattee property, which he has fitted out as one of the most complete saw mills in this pees The Perley mill will be operated right along. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. About 400 men left the city a week ago for the Pettewawa and Mattawa limits. These are mostly road cutters and general hands, known as the improvement gang. They will get things ready for the majority ofthe men who will go up in September. Wages will likely range about the same as last year; road cutters $16, general hands $18, loggers $20 to $24 and team- sters $20 per month. z A cablegram has been received by the Hon. Mackenzie Bowell, giving as the reason why Norwegian lumber products have a preference over Canadian lumber in the Spanish West India Islands is due to a treaty concluded in July 1893, in which Spain agreed to give to Norway tariff treatment in her West India colonies. into effect. A raft of 155 cribs of the Moore Lumber Co. left a for Quebec in charge of a crew of 95 men. The treaty, however, has not yet gone week ago The last of this year’s drive of logs for the Booth Lumber Co. passed through the Mattawa river a week ago. The logs are said to be very fine and will make up a total of about 400,000 logs which that firm have sent down the Mattawa this season. An average ‘of about 40 to 50 barge loads of lumber goes down the Ottawa every week for the Montreal and United States markets. It is not unlikely that several rafts of square timber will be left on the Upper Ottawa this year owing to the low condition of the water. Orrawa, Can., August 22, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanapA LUMBERMAN.] af fa British market is thought to be somewhat easier, which is not bad news for these provinces. The following timber regulations will be rigidly enforced by the Surveyor-General: ‘‘ No spruce or pine trees shall be cut by any licensee, under any license, not even for piling, which will not make a log at least 18 feet long and 10 inches at the small end, and if any such shall be cut the lumber shall be liable to double stumpage and the licence be forfeited”. The application is to all government timber logs. A subsidy of $32,000 has been granted to Alex. Gibson to extend the Miramachi end of the Canada Eastern, 6 miles be- low Chatham to Black Brook, where there is a big saw mill and also $32,000 for making a loop line 4 miles above Chat- ham to Nelson taking in several other large mills and just across the river from Newcastle and its mills. This extension will materially facilitate the lumber business of Mr. Gibson. A crew of men have gone into the woods in Victoria county on account of Beaverage Bros. They expect to get out about 5,000,000 feet next winter. A ship load of lumber is going from the Dorchester port to Buenos Ayres on account of Rhodes, Curry & Co. It is calculated that the cut on the St. John’s river this year is about 30,000,000 feet less than the average. ; Smith & Wright, trimmer in their mill. of Memill, are putting a new edger and Hale & Murchie’s mill near Fredericton, which has been closed down for some time, owing to the depression, has com- © menced operations again sawing for Alex. Gibson, who re- quires outside assistance to keep in sufficient supply to meet. orders for the British market. St. JOHN, N. B., August 21, 1894. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. {Regular correspondence Canapa LUMBERMAN.] ITH the C. P. R. service fully resumed after the derange- ment caused by the floods the mills here are now daily shipping to Manitoba and Ontario. Manitoba dealers are ordering cautiously wanting to satisfy themselves first. as to the condition of the crops. An improved demand for lumber is reported from Ontario. Three Winconsin mill men have been looking over Port Angeles with a view of erecting a mill with a capacity of 200,000 per day. The Hastings and Moodyville saw mills have both been buying logs of Puget Sound, the prices being an encouragement. The quality, however, I am told, has not been too pleasing. W. K. C. Manley, late of Grand Rapids, Mich., has opened a general store at Kettle river and also thinks of building a saw mill. The Burrard Inlet Red Cedar Co. have appointed J. W. Prescott their agent at Vancouver. Mr. W. J. Johnson, shingle manufacturer, has returned from a trip in Ontario and says there is no immediate prospect of a pressing demand for British Columbia cedar shingles in that province. New WESTMINSTER, B. C., August 17, 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanaDA LUMBERMAN.] i ae the tariff bill passed and lumber made free some buoyancy is given to trade within the last few days. The change may not be what everybody wants, but it is worth something to have the tariff finally a fixture. Opinion prevails here among the planing mill and box men that free lumber must prove injurious to their trade and in a previous letter I gave you the opinions of several prominent manufacturers, who intimated that should lumber become free they would be obliged to do their manufacturing on your side of the line. It cannot be long before we will all ascertain just what shape matters will take under the changed conditions. This seems quite cer- tain that things could hardly be worse than they have been for some months. With little lumber going out stocks have been accumulating quite rapidly, and in some cases the docks are becoming uncomfortably loaded up. BITS OF LUMBER. Michigan lumbermen who are interested in Canadian lumber are commencing to make preparations for the fall and winter work in the woods. J. W. Howry & Sons expect to cut pro- bably 80,000,000 feet of logs and have already despatched about 100 men into the woods. So far J. T. Hurst has given out contracts for putting in 80,000,000 feet in Georgian Bay waters. It is quite likely that there will be present a number of Michigan lumbermen at the sale of Canadian timber limits, to take place in Toronto this month. Anticipatory to this a num- ber of land lookers have been going over some of the territory in the Georgian Bay district. The information has already been communicated to your readers of the operation of a saw mill at Fenlon Falls by J. W. Howry & Sons and the fact that William Peters has pur- chased a mill at Parry Sound and will cut there. It is now stated that a syndicate of lumbermen consisting of Arthur Hill, of Saginaw, E. M. Fowler, of Chicago, and E. C. Whitney, of Minneapolis, who purchased about 500,000,000 feet of timber in the Ottawa region some time ago, will erect a band mill at a convenient point and cut their timber. Lumber freights are the lowest ever recorded ; another drop of 25 cents has taken place. Several rafts of Canadian timber from the Georgian Bay territory are arriving at Bay City. SacInaw, Mich., August 23, 1894. THE TRUTH. Pee Mississippi Valley Lumberman gives utterance to the following truth, which is wide enough in its application to easily embrace the Dominion of Canada: “Tumbermen are learning to advertise. They are beginning to appreciate and value the opportunities afforded them by the lumber press of the country. Each year lumber manufacturers and wholesalers are coming to a better realization of the fact that to reach the retail trade, the great mass of country yard men to whom they expect to sell their product, there is no better medium than the lumber trade journal, and advertising is fast SEPTEMBER, 1894 being recognized as one of the legitimate and necessary items of annual expense. A few years ago the trade journals had to depend largely upon machinery manu- facturers for their support, and in justice to them it should be stated that their support has been the best that the lumber trade papers have had, for they were quick to appreciate their value as an advertising medium, and the way in which they have continued to advertise is the best proof of the value of advertising that can be made. Lumbermen should not allow the machinery men to support the trade journals that are for their good and the advancement of the trade in which they are — engaged, and that they are beginning to realize this — themselves, the advertising pages of the lumber journals — bear evidence. quiet, and the far sighted lumberman should readily see — that it can be stimulated in no better way than by judici- ous use of printer’s ink. A word to the wise is sufficient.” ‘ TRADE WITH AUSTRALIA. R. Carter Troop, who. has spent considerable time — in Australia investigating commercial conditions, | has issued a very practical and comprehensive report, pointing out a possibility of the profitable exchange of products between Canada and Australia. He is of the opinion that there is a good market in that country for Canadian timber. On these points he says: “In New South Wales the timber trees of hard woods predomi- nate, both in variety and in the area covered by the forests, the soft woods being limited to the brush forests of the coast districts. The Morton Bay, or colonial, pine, which is much used for joiners’ work and for flooring, is a very unsatisfactory timber, as it not only swells during wet weather, but rapidly decays 1f exposed to wet and dry weather alternately. Some of the most easily worked of the soft woods have a peculiar tendency to shrink, even after thorough seasoning, so we are not surprised to find that the importation of lumber is very considerable. In 1891 the quantity amounted to 17,147,100 feet of dressed timber, valued at £147,000, and 88,015,800 feet of undressed, valued at £575,600 ; besides which there are sundries to the value of £38,300, consisting chiefly of doors, laths, and shooks and staves, the total value of timber imported being £760,900. Over 49 per cent. of all the timber imported by New South Wales comes from South Australia and New Zea- land. Scandinavia and the United States come next in order, and then follows the Canadian Dominion, which exports to Australia about 6,000,000 feet per annum. Other things being equal, the Australians are more ready to import from Canada than from the republic or Scan- dinavia. It should not be difficult, therefore, to increase greatly the amount of our exports in this important busi- ness. The shingles of British Columbia, for instance, are the best that can be obtained anywhere.” Mr. Troop further adds: “There is yet another article of commerce in which Canada and Australia might work up atrade; that is in hard timbers. Australia is well supplied with the syncarypia laurifolia, locally and popu- larly known as the turpentine. Its bark is peculiarly heavy and thick, and resists the ravages of the toredo. For this reason the turpentine is of great commercial value, being in large demand for piles, etc. It could be imported with ease by British Columbia, where toredo re- sisting piles are greatly needed. There are, no doubt, other hard woods grown in Australia that would be of value to manutacturers in Canada.” It is estimated that more than 2,000,000,000 feet of lumber is used in railway cross ties oney, year in the United States. : Bill Nye, the humorist, comes of a lumber family. His father was a lumberman, and that’s how he came to move over from Cape Cod to Maine, in which state the funny man was born. All the Nyes in Maine were in the lumber business. 7 F The Victorian tariff charges duty upon all dressed timber, but admits free Ash, Blackwood, Cedar, Hickory, Oak, Pine, Sycamore, Walnut, Whitewood, Hardwood (above nine inches square). It also admits American Pine, Sugar Pine, California Redwood (one inch and_ over in thickness), spars, spokes, fellies, box wood, oars and shafts, if undressed. At the present time the lumber trade is _ ‘ =a¢c ~*~ _THE NEWS. | CANADA. he Point; B.C. ra er & Co., saw and grist mills, Edmonton, N.W.T., McLeod, deceased. . ne : ttawa river this summer. reported that American capitalists contemplate erect- lumber mill near Eganville, Ont. ital stock of the Brunette Saw Mill Co., Victoria, ee, | been increased from $200,000 to $300,000. John River lumberman thinks the year’s cut is 40,000,000 less than in ordinary years, ees of Dodd’s planing Si at Pees Ont., ike last pee against a reduction of wages. ikes the lead in the supply of timber, her output lounting to 5,000,000,000 feet board measure, ner to three and a quarter million cubic feet. henson, lumber merchant of East Toronto, ted for new fields. His liabilities exceed $50,000. ous Engine Works Co, are making arrange- Id their branch factory at St. Paul, Minn., re- royed by fire. The works will be rebuilt on a much rne & Co., the well-known lumber dealers of Ont., are supplying the Ontario Government lumber for the erection of a log slide at of McLachlan Bros., lumbermen, of Arnprior, med a mutual benefit society to be known as the Mills Association. Nearly 500 men have - Trites, of Petitcodiac, N.B., have their new place in operation. It is somewhat smaller Pa by fire some time ago, but is said to be ‘Belleville, Ont., recently shipped a shingle ine to ao & Brock, Hawkesbury, Ont., Sash and Door Co., Ltd., of Vancouver, oe ie the Dominion Government. eg F ae Press states that a western member of ibermen’s Assocaition has been suspended and elling lumber at rates less than scheduled in ; price list. eae E estate! lumberman, of Hamilton, ted to have been taken possession of by the time get Mr. Konkle gave a chattel mortgage several sticks that came ashore and used them. —Donald Fraser’s new mill at Fredericton, N.B., has com- menced operations, and will be operated day and night for the remainder of the season. Nearly 100 men will be employed, and it is expected three million feet of lumber will be cut be- fore the close of navigation. —It is said to be the intention of a company, of which W. S. Taylor, of the Don Valley Pressed Brick Works, Toronto, is at the head, to erect a saw mill at Jardine’s side road, near Collingwood, Ont. The company is also interested in other speculations in that vicinity. —lIt is reported that several American lumbermen have been negotiating for the purchase of the Cormier estate at Aylmer, Que. The mill has been in dispute for some time, and has cut no lumber this year. It is well equipped, and when in full run- ning order would give employment to a large number of hands. —Several new lumbering firms are commencing operations in the northern part of Ontario. William Peters, of Bay City, Mich., has taken over the Midland and North Shore Lumber Co.’s mill at Parry Harbor and will cut logs next season. Mills are being put up at Kennebuck, Algoma, by the Cutland & Savage Co., also of Michigan, and supplies and equipments are being purchased. —A large number of men have already been engaged to work on J. R. Booth’s limit on Sturgeon river. Mr. Booth states that there is a desire, on the part of lumbermen, to com- mence operations in the woods early this fall, owing, no doubt, to the small cut of last year. Wages will be somewhat lower than last year, log cutters receiving only $15 to $22 as against $18 to $26 last year. —The Dominion Government has decided to set apart all heavily timbered lands in Manitoba west of the Red river as permanent timber reserves, which will be held as the sources of fuel supply for settlers. Among the tracts already divided up and withdrawn from settlement are the bush lands in Turtle, Moose and Riding mountains, and in the Touchwood hills, be- sides other scattered patches of timber of less extent. —The Timber News of July 31st contains the following relative to the consumption of Canadian lumber in Liverpool : The greater quantity of spruce deals from the New Brunswick and Nova Scotian ports have so far gone straight into consump- tion, very few having been yarded. A few cargoes have gone up the Manchester Ship Canal to Runcorn, Saltport and Man- chester, several being dealt with by Manchester merchants. —Four car loads of horses and one hundred men recently passed up the O. A. & P. S. Railway for the St. Anthony Lumber Company’s limits, beyond Barry’s Bay. This company have purchased the old Perley limits in that locality, and this will be the first season’s operations. The company are erecting a saw mill about sixty miles beyond Killaloe, where their logs will be cut, and the timber shipped over the O. A. & P. S. Railway and C. A. R. to the United States. —The Peterboro’ Review of recent date says: ‘‘The Gil- mour Company’s drive of 60,000 logs is being taken through Sturgeon Lake this week. The drive is one of the largest that has ever passed down the lake, and the apparent ease with which it is handled by the alligator boat which accompanies it, is marvellous. The drive is kept moving day and night; at night the operations are conducted by the aid of an electric light on the alligator boat. in well-appointed tents.” The men eat and sleep on shore —In chatting with Mr. J. W. Duval, a mill-owner at Grimsby Village, a few days ago, a correspondent of the Toronto Globe was informed that he had sawn this spring at his mill 15,180 feet of apple-tree lumber. All this was cut from sound, green trees that had been cut down. To produce this lumber required one thousand trees, some of which were 22 inches in diameter. This means that 2,000 acres of land have been denuded of orchard, for the average is fifty trees to the acre, The explanation was that the apple crop has been almost a failure for some years, and the tendency is towards small fruits, which grow in perfection and give much more profitable returns. —A peculiar suit has been entered by the H. M. Louds Lumber Co., of Ausable, Mich., against Charles Nurse, of Humber Bay, Ont. During a flood last winter a boom broke at Tonawanda, N.Y., and allowed a huge raft of square timber belonging to the above named company to go over Niagara Falls. During the next couple of months the shores of Lake Ontario from Oswego to Hamilton Beach were dotted with sticks of timber that had drifted ashore. A quantity landed near the Humber, and it is alleged that Mr. Nurse captured Nesbitt & Gauld, of Hamilton, have issued a writ on behalf of the com- pany for $200 against Nurse for alleged wrongful conversion of the timber. The suit will be an interesting one should it go to the courts. —Wm. Mackey, of Ottawa, is said to be the only lumber- man in Canada who has been continuously in the square timber ‘yada ea THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 business for half a century. Journal, Mr. Mackey said : To a reporter of the Ottawa **T made my first raft of red pine during the winter of 1844-5 on the Madawaska river, there being no demand for white pine I have held the paid the ground rent on the limit on which I made my first raft for nearly fifty years. Yes, prices for timber and supplies have varied much. When I commenced first I paid as high as 25 per cent. interest on moneys advanced to purchase supplies, etc. wages for men were from $10 to $14 per month. Hewers got $20 per month, and these were the highest priced men. There was far more square timber taken out then than now, for this was long before the era of sawlogs. I have known of 100 rafts passing here in one season. This year 10 rafts will be the limit.” in those days. license and The average FIRES AND CASUALTIES. FIRES. —The planing mill of B. H. Armstrong, Fairville, N.B., has been destroyed by fire ; no insurance. —John Morrison’s saw mill near Bathurst, N.B., about the end of July. was burned The loss will probably reach $3,000. —The carding, saw and shingle mills of Mr. Cumberland, at La Patrie, Que., have been totally consumed by fire. There was no insurance. —Maclaren’s saw mill at Fort Macleod, N. W. T., was burned to the ground the early part of last month. estimated at $12,000. The loss is —The lumber yard of J. H. Fraser, Wallaceburg, Ont., was visited by fire recently and $8,000 worth of lumber destroyed. The loss is partially covered by insurance. —A dispatch of recent date from Windsor, Ont., states that timber fires are raging along the line of the Lake Erie and De- troit River Railroad. The damage will amount to a large sum. —Jacob Bundscho’s saw mill and cheese box factory at Milverton, Ont., was destroyed by fire recently. Loss about $3,000 ; insurance $1,000. Mr. Bundscho suffered a similar loss five years ago. —The shingle and saw mill at Stirling Falls, Ont., owned by William Dunbar, was destroyed by fire a fortnight ago. 155,000 shingles were burned and a quantity of lumber. $2,100; insurance, $6,000. Loss —On the roth ultimo the planing mill of W. C. Harrison, at Norwood, Ont., was totally consumed by fire, which is sup- posed to have been caused by a spark from the smoke stack. The mill was valued at $9,000. The lumber in the yard and Mr. Harrison’s dwelling was saved by the efforts of the fire brigade. —One of the most serious fires of the past month occurred at Port Arthur, Ont., on the 13th of August, by which the large planing mill at the south end of the town, owned by James Conmee, ex-M.P.P., was totally destroyed. The building and machinery were valued at $18,000 and were insured for about $10,000. Vigars Bros., who operated the mill, lost some lumber and machinery. We have no doubt the mill will be re-built. —At Bridgenorth, Ont., on the 2nd of August; fire was dis- covered in the engine room of W. B. Kelly’s saw mill, which resulted in the entire destruction of the mill, together with 50,000 feet of lumber and 1,000 ties. Loss on mill, $5,000 ; on lumber and ties, $8,000. The burned mill had a daily capacity of 20,000 feet of lumber, and was built about ten years ago. We are pleased to learn of Mr. to rebuild. Kelly’s intention —The most disastrous fire which has visited Chicago since the big conflagration of 1872 occurred on the Ist of August, the scene of the fire being in what is known as the lumber dis- trict. Three million dollars worth of property was destroyed. Lumber companies suffered the following losses: Perely, Lowe & Co., $300,000; Martin Lumber Co., $700,000; R. E. Conwar, $150,000; Longley, Lowe & Co., $100,000 ; Keystone Lumber Co., $150,000; Wakefield Hines Lumber '0., $200,000. CASUALTIES. James C. Hunter, employed in Palmer’s lumber camp near McGregor, Ont., was struck on the head by a broken belt recently and died from the effects thereof. —While working in Hadley’s lumber millat Chatham, Ont:, Dan. Crump had his right hand caught in the machinery and badly crushed. It was found necessary to amputate three fingers and the thumb. —The 15 year old son of Ambrose Herritt, while working in his father’s shingle mill at Rodney, N.S., was caught in the belting. His arm was broken and he received some painful, but not fatal flesh wounds. The CANADA LUMBEFMAN, $1.00 per year. Subscribe. Sa — le SEPTEMBER, 1894 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, August 25, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. ORE than one indication of an improvement in the lumber trade has been made manifest during the month. The culminating circumstance, of course, to give fresh life to business, has been the passing of the United States tariff bill, making lumber free. This par- ticular question is dealt with fully in another part of these pages, so that little more than a brief reference is called for here’ The various views expressed are hope- ful, so far as future trade is concerned. It is believed as a result of free lumber that there will be a general level- ing up of values, both as regards timber limits and the manufactured products of the forest. In some respects this may not be deemed necessary, as prices have shown very little tendency to depreciation, when the severity of the depression is considered. Now, however, the confi- dence that was manifest by the firmness of prices, will be made practically manifest in the moving of stocks. It is anticipated that within the next few months there will be considerable changing of ownership in limits, as not a few sales have been hanging fire, pending the tariff decision. The manufacture of lumber in all departments can hardly fail to be benefitted by this change in the tariff, and the opinion is expressed by a number of leading lumbermen, elsewhere in this issue, that we may expect in the near future an important development in the line of saw mills and planing mills. There is certainly good reason to anticipate, that it will pay to manufacture lumber here and ship it as dressed lumber, rather than to ship simply the coarse lumber, and have the dressing done in United States mills. Aside, however, from the stimulus thas been given to the trade through the passing of the Wilson bill, there were indications even before this that the lumber trade was reviving. This was shown in the early preparations that were being made by a number of firms for work in the woods the coming winter, and also in the purchase by United states lumbermen of Canadian mills and the determination on their part to operate them. Local trade in the province has remained very dull. One large wholesale firm remarked to the writer a few days ago that they had not done so small a business since 1882. The building permits granted in Toronto during the past month would indicate a present revival in the building trade. These show a total for July of $259,150. This is the largest amount for the same month in any year since 1890, except in 1891, when the amount included half a million. These figures are en- couraging in a way, but they do not mean very much for the lumber trade. They are covered largely by several buildings running into considerable figures, in the con- struction of which there will not be a great deal of lum- ber used. Trade in British Columbia at present is quiet. And the same is to be said of present conditions in Quebec and the Maritime provinces, but the hope is there, as it is in Ontario, that a revival will follow the change in tariff. UNITED STATES. A fortnight ago it would have been impossible to have written anything encouraging of lumber conditions in the United States. No one could have done anything else but have told the old, old story of continued de- pression and plenty of it. Piling grounds loaded up with stocks, so that in some cases the lumbermen had commenced to make extensions in this direction to ac- commodate increasing supplies. Anyone who wanted to buy had nothing but a little sorting up order to pre- sent, that a year or more ago he would have been ashamed to hand in. But a change has come over the scene. The tariff bill has practically become law. Lumber, as was expected, despite various protests to the contrary, has been placed on the free list. And the re- sult has been that everybody is plucking up courage. This does not-say that everybody is satisfied with the issue, but there is something definite to work on now, and it is here that the encouragement comes. It must be admitted that things have been bad enough to render it a physical impossibility for the trade to recuperate and become convalescent all of a jump. The long looked for turn for the better has nevertheless taken place, and whilst at this writing it is not possible to be specific and tell of large sales that have been made, yet it is quite safe to talk in confident terms of an improved spirit, and though it may partake of the over-sanguine, so delightful is the change, yet it is believed that the record of the lumber trade in the months to come will indicate a steadily growing revival. The men who have been holding firm to prices feel now that their confidence in the soundness of the lumber situation has not been misplaced. FOREIGN. Hardly any encouragement comes to lumber interests in Great Britain. Mr. John Donogh, who has recently returned from the Old Country, tells us in an interview on another page that.in Edinburgh, Glasgow and Lon- don he found the lumber trade exceedingly depressed. The advices we receive from lumber correspondents in the United Kingdom all indicate like conditions. Denny, Mott & Dickson, of London, in their current wood market report, tell us that business for the month has been marked by increasing apathy. “ Strikes and labor difficulties continue to handicap traders, and the conviction that these social problems are impeding Britain’s progress as a manufacturing nation is spread- ing.” Hope is expressed, however, that tariff reform in the United States and the great check to the spending power of Colonial and South American customers will help in the way of a revival of business. Farnworth & Jardine, of Liverpool, in their wood circular, remark that there is no improvement in values, which are diffi- cult to maintain, especially for the leading articles. The arrivals of Waney timber are reported as having been large. The import of pine deals has also been large, namely, 5,468 standards, against 2,075 the same month last year. Of spruce deals the import has been 12,746 standards, against 15,105 standards same month 1893, and 10,587 in 1892. The Timber Trades Journal states that at the last auction, Canadian pine, which was offered in large quantities of the more expensive grades, met with a fair demand, which, upon the whole, may be considered satisfactory. There are no changes of any moment to note in the Australian markets. Dull- ness continues to reign there, though it is thought that the hardest part of the depression isover. Considerable shipments are being made to South America. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, August 25, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. : To La4 Ine CULE Mp sand) DeLEer yaar) 2% to 4.. 20 00 24 00 pc aon See I2 00 1300 “black, 1 ‘‘ 1% 16 00 18 00 b-rock: prt 1% 14 00 16 00 Bireh,isg,, x “(420817 60) 20.100 Eee ete. Sun, Wht OO mes 1am uf “©” 4x4" 8x8 20 00 22 00| Hickory 1% “‘ 2.. 28 00 3000 «red x ‘* ¥Y% 2000 22 00| Maple x ‘* 1% 16 00 17 co i ¢ 2 ““4,. 2200 25 00 se 2 ‘**4.. 17.00 18 00 yellow 1 ‘‘ 4.. 14 00 15 00 Oak,red,p'n x * 1% 28 00 30 00 Basswood 1 ‘' 1% 15 00 16 00 a eed 2 Wid. $QGLOD) Baeag i 1%“ 2.. 16 00 18 00 ‘white ‘x ‘1% 2800 3000 Butternut 1 ‘f 1% 23 00 25 00 CE OU oe OE 4s AOLOD. . 35100. : u 2 ‘“* 3.. 25 00 28 00 “quart'd 1 ‘ 2.. 48 00 5200 Chestnut x ‘'2.. 2 00 25 00} Walnut x ‘* 3.. 85 00 100 00 Cherry 1 ‘1% 50 00 60 0c} Whitewood 1 ‘‘ 2.. 3200 3600 ¢ 2 ‘*4.. 6000 65 00 OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, August 25, 1894. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b. Meee eee eect e cnet ee eecees $32 00 40 00 Pine) wood strips, 060 ere os sielsiae Weleeeeaieens ++» 27 00 35 00 Pine, good'shorts,.. to SAN ayer epee 20 00 27 00 Pine, 2nd quality ’sidings, per M feet, LL ewer: A 20 00 25 00 Pine, znd quality strips, 3 Leer n tai 18 00 22 00 Pine, znd quality shorts a eS fb Seen een 15 00 18 00 Pine, shipping cull stoc ‘% Kg Sa raise are 14 co 16 00 Pine, box cull stock, et gi? II 00 1300 Pine, s.c. Strips and weet 5 st ts Pine, mill cull (bath, per Lie oa «0. 6an 14 00 QUEBEC, QUE. QuEBEc, August 25, 1894. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. a - For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured off For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 16 20° For good and good fair average, 2g. 27 For superior oF ds g se « 2 4p In shipping order = ef te “* ( 200s Waney board, 18torginch ‘‘ As AS a ‘S . -35/ ae Waney board, 1gto2zinch ‘f a “ sad gre aes RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality. In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “* _ OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . . . - +45 51 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 10 50 feet. . 30 30 to 35 feet. . 25 ASH, 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . . 30 : ; BIRCH. . 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . * . .20 23 : TAMARAC. iy Square, according to size and quality . PRE we Flatted, be MS STAVES. Merchant Pipe, according to qual. and sp'cfct’n—nominal . $330 $350 W.O. Puncheon, Merchantable, ieee to quality. .. . 90 ALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for and, and $37 to $42 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 for 1st, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $r9 to $2x for 4th quality. NEW YORK CITY. New York, N. Y., Aug. 25.—The distribution of lumber at this centre is narrowed down to a very small compass. Transactions continue of the lightest character. A measure of renewed activity is certain to be manifest now that the tariff question has been settled, and various deals that have been hanging fire will come toaclose. This of itself will mean a fair distribution of lumber and activity through all the various channels of ~ distribution. To this extent the future looks more bright than has been the case for many months. WHITE PINE—WESTERN GRADES. Uppers, x in....... » $44 00@45 00 | Coffin boards. . 20 00 22 00 14, 1%and2in.... 46 00 47 00| Box, in...... $17 00@17 50 3 and 4 in....-... 55 00 5800| Thicker . - 17 50 18 50 Selects, x in... st. 0 40 00 41 00 | Ccil’g, por fig. No. x I 49 00 42 00 1 in., all wide...... 41 00 43 00 NoOMc2l fi ncsneeane 14%, 1%andzin.... 43 00 44 00| No. 3........ ; Bl and | Aes. cates 52 00 53 00 Shelving, No; a.Sn.e Fine common, 1 in.. 36 00 37 00 ING: ines eee eee 14%, 1%andz2in.... 38 00 40 00 Molding, Novrt.-cee 3 eee PRT uo 46 00 48 co No. ss tee sup 2 ie No.1 28 00 30 00 at tenn hoe 2I 00 23 00 Thick, No; Dein 29 00 32 00 nie oe cae eis 24 00 26 00 Common, No. 1, 10 and 12°In. 75... 22 00 23 00 IN[oe Plooceio eon 20 00 2I 00 Noi "9 aonnceseen ee 17 00 18 00 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. TONAWANDA, N.Y., Aug. 25.—Local lumbermen might object to giving away the situation entirely by showing the figures of sales this season as contrasted with sev- eral seasons of the past, but there can be no doubt that the record would show a very great shrinkage in busi- ness. A local lumberman told the writer a few days ago that there was simply nothing moving. Seeing that the people here are very much opposed to free lum- ber they are not prepared to say just what the result will be, seeing that free lumber has actually come. Large stocks of lumber are to be found on the docks, and whilst generally prices are holding up well, yet there are not a few dealers who will shade quotations in order to make sales. . WHITE PINE. Up’ - 1,14%,1%and 2 Shelving, No. 1, 13 in quasi a sheet $46 00 48 00 and up, 1 in...... 31 00@33 00 ax: eile} yi nacnen 52 00 55 00| Dressing, 1% in...... 25 00 2600 Cink sanpann Cosas 58 00 6000] 1&%xroand i2...... 26 00 Selects, x in. -......- 3800 30.00)|| (x34 Ins. a. cee eee te 24 00 25 00 TY 10.2 We ances om 42, 00,|"2 Dh posucecce oe 26 50 28 00 2% and 3 in....... 47 00 50 00] Mold st’ps, 1 to 2in.. 33 00 35 oo A Meee cece eens 52 o0| Barn, No. 1, roand 12 Fine common, t in... 35 00 38 00 In he eee Beene 2I 00 23 00 1% and Yi Wis OR HEMLOCK, DIMENSION LUMBER, hardwood flooring, cedar shingles, pi es, sawdust, etc., write J. E. MURPHY, lumberman, Hepworth Station, Ont. WANTED HOROUGHLY EXPERIENCED AND RE- LIABLE inspector to purchase ‘for an extensive eastern manufacturing concern, stocks of ash, birch, elm, maple, etc., lumber and also piece-stock, from 2 inch and up wide, 18 inch and up long, 1 inch thick, kilndried if possible; specifications upon application. Splendid chance to work up low grades Give full par- ticulars of stocks ready for shipment and references. Addre-s CANADA LUMBERMAN. Niger FOR CASH, TWO CARS OF x inch Mill Run Quarter Cut Black Ash, dry or green S. 1. WILSON & CO., Toronto. ACRES OF TIMBER LAND IN CAR- 10 RICK Township, Bruce County ; lot 13, conces- sion 3. for particulars apply to ANDREW WILSON, King street, east of Sandford avenue, Hamilton. FOR SALE OR TO LET WO-STOREY FRAME PLANING MILLAND Carpenter Shop—Vine Avenue, Toronto Junction, including boiler and engine, with or without machinery; size of building, 40x120 ft.; steam heated ; stable, store- house, office, and large yard~in_ connection; can® be utilized for any manufacturing business. Apply, J. P. WAGNER, ‘Toronto Junction. FOR SALE About 25 M Feet 1 inch Dry Ash Lumber, FINE quality. A. H. MERKLEY, MorrisBurcG, ONT. BOR oALE ABERGE MILL, WITH WOOD LAND, over 400 acres, near St. Faustin, County of Terre- bonne, P. Q., on Montreal and Western Railway, com- prising two H. P. boilers, one 65 H. P. engine, and saw mill complete—only one year in use—with clapboard machine and planer and log lathe, shingle machine, Champion planer and matcher, &c.; side track ; with or without over 200,000 feet of sawed birch and spruce. Good. red:iction’ made on cost price. Address to J. LABERGE, 151 Notre Dame Street, Montreal. bOR ALE AW -MILL, GRIST MILL, FARM, worth $3,000 annually. WM. %: SCOLT, Millford, Ont. AND LARGE Address : POR Seve CCOUNT REMOVAL—ALL GRADES AND thicknesses of excellent stcck of dry Poplar, en- tire rtock of walnut rejects and culls, all thicknesses, principally inch old dry Indiana lumber, mostly kiln- dried. Splendid for cutting up purposes. Special prices. P. O. Box 2144, NEw York. RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS Ne AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND : iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete cutfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. - THE .... GANADA MACHINERY & SUPPLY Co. OF BRANTFORD, ONT. are offering the following SEGOND-HAND MAGHAINERY FOR QUICK SALE AT LOW PRICES. NE heavy Waterous saw mill, iron saw frame, with a three block carriage, with two intermediate blocks, complete with 67 inch imserted tooth Hog saw. HREE complete three block saw mills, with any size saw- wanted ;-two-heavy, double planer, matchers and beaders, with eight inch feed rolls ; one heavy planer and matcher ; one complete heading and stave mill out- fit; one complete set of butter tub machinery (American make); one double Excelsior cutting machine OILERS.—One 60 inch by 14 feet ; one 50 inch by 12 feet ; one 48 inch by 14 feet ; one 48 inch by 12 feet ; one 44 inch by 14 feet, and a large number of smaller sizes: {> NGINES.—One 15x20; one 124%x20, Goldie & McCulloch make; one 12x18, Waterous double cut off; one 1144x18, Thomas; two 9x12, Waterous ; one 8%x12, Beckett, and a large number of smaller sizes. ye W HEELS.—One 42 inch, Leffel; one 40 inch, Leffel; one 36inch, Leffel ; four 30% inch, Leffel’s ; one 20 inch, Barber and Harris, in case; one 17¥% inch, Leffel; one 17% inch, Little Giant; five 15% inch, Leffel’s. \ 7E also carry a Complete Stock of all kinds of WoopworKING MACHINERY, IRONWORKIAG Macuiery, Grist Mitt Macuinery, Shafting Hang- ers, Pulleys, Belting, Etc. Write us particulars of what you want. Address THE CANADA MACHINERY AND SUPPLY CO., Brantford, Ont. ean enw a rte aR O Ea fz Send for Catalogue. CHAS W. MACK CANADIAN MANUFACTURER OF fucks Patent Flexible or Pneumatic Hand Stamp ‘The only Stamp ever made that will print perfectly on Rough, Uneven, Convex, Concave, Plain, or Yield- ing Surfaces, or for any purpose where a Clear, Sharp and Perfect Impression is desired. 11 KING ST. WEST, TORONTO N RAILROAD Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAM AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MT. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company’s line of steamships across Lake Michigan. _ The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all Canadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This rcad traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions : a market for every product of Forest and Field. The policy of the ‘“F.& P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. GENERAL OFFICES: SAGINAW, MICH. a eie SEDs wie NUULITE Representative Lumber Manufacturers and Dealers BEST MAIN DRIVE. Sole Canadian Agents WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. $165.00 Wf > NX ( REE W ‘eo9 aNN\ ny JG GUARANTEED. in: Prices Reduced. Highest Grade . OYOLES . ——— a FOR $95 SPOT GASH! . . ONLY ABOUT TWENTY LEFT. . These Wheels will be sent sub- ject to examina- tion to any part cf Ontario, on re- ceipt of a suffi- cient sum to coyer express char_es. 24 WEST FRONT Hh CLEARANCE PRICES \—FULLY GUARANTEED. These Wheels are equal to any, and bear the highest testimonia!s, which will be forwarded on application. CEO. F. BOSTWICK TORONTO. E. C HILL, Mngr. Cycle Department. RUCK WEE Sir Railway, Express, or is . =a Power, Style and Town nearest Shipping Point ota BusINEss Daily Caranity Ottawa, Ont.........- Ottawa o.oo Booth [RY s agente ate We ne Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Steam, Circular and Band Mill ——————ee Ottawa, Ont......---- Ottawat. 2. we ee Bronson & Weston Lumber Co..... 2 Sawmills, White and Red Pine, Wholesale....|Water, Gang and Band, 450m == Parry Sound, Ont..... Wiitetsons.’.-.<. mene os Conger Lumber Co. -.......; ~ s+ Lumber Wholesale and Retatla. .%,,-...c).00 -eallieeieic ae ae erate PPP sane 2p Parry Sound, Ont..... Parry Sound.... .|/Parry Sound. LumberCo......... Saw, Shingle and Lath Mills, Pine, Wholesale ..] Water, Gang, Circular, Saw gom, f 5 3 2 Shingles 7om, Lath 30m Muskoka Mills, Ont...|Midland.............. Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Head)W. Pine Lumber, Lath and Bill Stuff, all lengths.|2 Mills, Water, 1 Band, 2 Gangs Office, Arcade, 24 King st. w., Toronto and 3 Circulars. Alexandria, Ont....... lexan tas og sree scp aie McPherson, Schell& Co. .......- Clreese ‘Box Factory,. Pine; Spruce; Gedar <..c/: ij suis sre attire se emi een ' : Almonte, Ont......-.. Almonte leo ces osc ss Caldwell, A.&Son........... Sawmill, Pine, Lumber, Hemlock, Hardwoods. .|Circular, 3m Barrie, Ont. ..-"..-.- BALrie cee ns ceteris Dyment & Mickle...... _+ +... .|Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Cedar, Hardwoods...... Steam, Circular, 4om 4 Barrow Bay, Ont...... Wiarton's.. ses esas ses Barrow Bay Lumber Co., Limited . .|Saw, Shingle and Heading Mill, Pine, Cedar : : f ; Oak, Oak Railway Ties, Paving Blocks ...... Steam, Circular, 16m. LA Blind River, Ont...... Blind. River: 5 .....-.... Blind River Lumber Co 2 Saw, Sh. and Lath Mls., Pine, Hem., Bl. Birch}Stm., Band, Cir., S. 75m, Sh. 60m Bobcaygeon, Ont...... Fenelon Falls......... Boyd, Mossom & Co...... - -|Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. Barrie Ot swat een =e SALEIO os cixgive eine haste Burton Bros...... wis, Jakes) eleet © Lumber, Wholesale and Retail...............-- e Waubaushene, Ont....}|Waubaushene........-. Georgian Bay Consolid. Lumber Co.|Pine only. ........... 0.0 cece cence eee eee eee Waubaushene mill, stm., 200m; : Hd. office arcade 24 King st. w., Toronto Pt. Severn mill, water, 120m . Calabogie, Ont........ Calabopie:. «sic see.35 <0 Carswell, Thistle & McKay...... Lumber, Wholesale and Retail. :.o<.js\:5/+ << as a sl\coly stein Cerne Ce eee emEet soa eit ts MANUFACTURERS Callander, Ont........ Callander, G.T.R. ....|John B. Smith &Sons ......... White and Red Pine Lumber, Bill Stuff, Lath cri ee - Head Office, Strachan Ave., Toronto] and Shingles............0:sssesnseencceecees Steam, 2 Circular, 80m Collins Inlet, Ont...... eolkns POMEL wes cre ase ae ee CO Wiswskegate cess data, Pine; :Qak, Ash, Birch,“ Wholsand Ret.|\) agsent oe «ins eepnteiieels ers ete Glammis, Ont.......-- MIKEXEOM 9 «+ » oes Pad CINDY TE, PINs 1Go, Also cge-: ollee sy eyes na Saw, Shingle and Lath Mill, Timber Lands,|Steam, Cir., Saw 14m, Sh. 20m 6 j Hemlock, Pine, Lumber, Hardwoods........ : : 2 a harcoal Iron ohilled Hamilten, Ont........ Hamilton «6.0. pe stroke BRADLEY, MORRIS & REID CO. .|Lum., Tim., Pine, Hem., Hwds., Whol: and Ret.|.............-.:eeeeeeeeeee sees Huntsville, Ont........ Huntsville........-..- Heath, Taitand Turnbull....... Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, Hardwoods...|Steam, Circular, 25m Hamilton, Ont........ Huntsville and Katrine|/Thomson, Robert & Co. ........ Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hardwoods............- Steam, Circular, 4m f \ | : Keewatin, Ont........ Kiecewatinu cs useseenn Dick, Banning &Co........... Sawmill, Pine, Hardwoods, Wholesale.......... Steam, Circular | O Keewatin, Ont........ Keewatine.: 5. 2. << Keewatin Lumber & Mfg. Co..... Saw, Lath, Sh. and Pl. Mill, Moving Posts, Pine]Water, Band and Circular, room Lakefield, Ont.... .... Lakefield’:.2 up eneeie Lakefield Lumber Mfg. Co. ...... Lumber, Wholesale and Retail........ oh asores 0's ait cate @ OR ta BESTE ee keene teats ere ——————— Little Current, Ont....|Sudbury........---... Howry, J. W. & Sons.......... Lumber,, Wholesaleand Retails... assis watsae > Blam oe emcee evanie lela eee) tee ieee London, Ont........-- Tondiome. nc ss sels ace Gordpit) JAMES We, foeds. oe buets sumte Exp, and dir: in/Am, Hiwds)made ito:specification|).< 2. sans netomat iee Longford Mills, Ont. ..| Longford . . Longford Lumber Co..........- Saw and Plan. Mill, Tim, Lands and Logs, Pine|Steam, Band and Circular, room Norman, Ont.....-..-. Norman Minnesota & Ontario Lumber Co. . .|Lumber, Wholesale and Retail... 500s c000}eecescwstsueseyeseneesprsesa ene Towise, Ont-~---<--n-* Elmwood, G.T.R...... S;B. Wilson) &iS0ns 203.66 «cate, mi Hardwoods, Shingles, Lath, Handles........... Steam, Circular, 20m. Toronto; Ont Warren; ©, PAR s.0. The Imperial Lumber Co. , Limited. ..|Pines.<.... 0.03 ivi0 6.2. De. Soe et ieee >... .../80 M. per day; Stm., 2'Cir. Saws Toronto, Ont a Cache Bay, Ont....... Davidson, Hay & Co........... W. Pine, Lath, Shingles, Dim. Timber, Car Sills|Stm, 2 Band, Cir. & Gang, 140m eke: ee : 3] Lakcefiel diets cael. = ine Saye Wilson &'Co.. «suas. « acd. ee Pine and Hardwood, Wholesale...............- Steam, Circular, 15m. OFFICES :. Toronto, Ont......--.. wemete vaata de zitkecs create F.N. Tenuate SRO ea. Seo Ct pane Wholesales i... abt os «/aunte x:assta Saletors = «| Bc)» te RRR een ete : Toronto, Ont.....-.... "Tordnto..weeeee.ca cee Donogh ei es Ages > GaomG c-6 Ev Dems NY NOMSAL ee ane ws ablete va see occ Mada c ccc Com. 0 Toronto, Ont.....----- Toyonto Joos eee Victoria Harbor LumberCo....... 3 Saw, Shingleand Lath Mills, White Pine, Whol.|Stm., Cir., Gang and Band, 140m NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, M NTREAL Toronto,-Ont.....-- -- Tomonto: ic. cee > ote W. N. McEachren &Co......:. Mum bers, W bolesale f)... Mine so See ani uals oa om. 4 Toronto, Ont.........- ‘Topento. 2... ee 3 James Tennant & Co.......... Lumber, Lath, Shingles, etc., Wholesale........ Com. : r Goran o Ganada Lumberman MANUFACTURERS OF Genned baetfea Daditep WO : For rupning in damp places, get our specially prepared SAW MILL BELT : J. O. GRAVEL, Secretary-Treasurer A. ALLAN, President Ganadlan Rubber Gompany Of MONTREAL, TORONTO and WINNIPEG ee PIVIEZSNIOS) By Sas EEE are: = Capital $2,000,000.00. SOPERIOR QUALITY ROBBER GOODS for Mechanical Purposes g ve J.J. McGILL, Manager F. SCHOLES, Managing-Director FORSYTH ocamléss RUDDEP Belting ocamléss TUNG rOSsé UBER LNG, PANE HS Western Branch: Corner J. H. Waker HEAD OFFICES AND HKACTORY: TORONTO These Patents we control for Canada MONTREAL. A YonGE AND Front STREETS Manager. 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN SEPTEMBER, 1894 SO iS ay = Te. : > AL ll i i } | (| ZB | mous. Without practical demonstration you can scarcely realize it. Saving ; | in Kerf—Saving in Cutting nearer to size—Saving in cutting to suit | t | quality—Increase in value in medium and very wide lumber—Improved ap- {THREE pearance—Increased Output of Mill. We guarantee the “ ALLIS Banp” to cut equally ie = as fast or faster than the circular mill it replaces. Anticipating a large demand for these ‘Bi Mills during the next 8 months, we offer special inducements for immediate sales—delivery 6 W THIS GUARANTEE why hesitate to change. The saving is enor- to suit purchasers’ convenience. Write us. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. | = —=THE NEW=—— Pe Giant Among — . Band Mills. .*.*. This, the most popular Mill in America, requires no eulogies from us. We claim no part in its design, invention or improve- ments, we have simply secured the sole right to build in Canada this the best of American Mills. Sly lime | ——We do Giga BAND. however (0 Build a Fac-Simile of the Band Mills built by ALiis & Co., of Mil- ° waukees. ones a ros With all up-to-date Improvements ~ and GUARANTEE in the : strongest manner desired that:..oi. sso Our Allis Band Mills are the equal in every re- spect . ee of the American built Allis Mills. ae ' : ' 1 ‘TAKEN FROM ACTUAL IMPRESSIONS ; i | FRomMSAWS; | | IN ADJOINING Taree Curs | OF A GO" CIRCULAR! i 6 Gause; ri i ‘ ‘ a er ' SEPTEMBER, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN BREAKING STRAIN 6IN'CAMEL HAIR BELT—14,181.1bs » >» OINDOUBLE OAK LEATHER——7,522 W.A.FLEMING. SOLE AGENT FOR CANADA. 57, ST FRS.XAVIER SZ(24 FRONT SZ E|VICTORIA CHAMBERS MONTREAL. ({ TORONTO.) OTTAWA. Patent Rossing Machine Whu you should use this Rosser..... It will do double the work of any other. It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark or block out. It is a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. All iron and steel, very simple and durable. It will ross knotty and uneven timber without waste. It occupies about the same Space as an ordinary planer. You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. MANUFACTURED BY ag? 2 _ ~ EASTMAN LUMBER CO. EASTMAN, QUE. The Parmenter Patent Dry Kiln FOR DRYING LUMBER, SHINGLES, STAVES, «i> HEADING, BEC co a For further information address J. S. PARMENTER, Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. IMPROVED Gand Lath Machine ih | <—— Es Y means of the hand lever shown at top of machine the feed can be stopped instantly. The machine is provided with supports for the lath between the saws; these supports prevent any short pieces of lath from breaking off and becoming stuck between the saws. This is the principal cause of so many Lath Saws becoming heated and ruined. This Lath Machine is fitted with four 12 inch saws which should run about Pa bir _ == ther similar machine in the market. Weight, 800 Ibs. LatH:eBoLTER 3,000 revolutions per minute and will cut fully as much, if not more, than any - IMPROVED - - FITTED WITH TWO OR THREE SAWS AS solid iron frame, geared feed roller, and heavy binding roll of large size so it will adapt itself to rough or uneven slabs. Heavy steel saw arbor with three bearings. The outer bearing is made with a slight taper; and the box is easily removed for the purpose of changing saws. The drive pulley is 10 inches diameter, 13 inches face. Weight, 1,200 lbs. Speed of saws, 2,500. THE ABOVE MACHINES ARE MANUFACTURED By -———————————e F. J. DRAKE BELLEVILLE. ONT. FS ° ee Sie ets Se eae a he 4 ’ BS. a ae . > * AY wo’ “5 aie + | wo 4 SEPTEMBER, 1804 THD CAN ADA TUN SEE We Ase ARENSON | LUMBERNEN. PLANING MILL MEN, — SAOULD SEND FOR MY———— and all parties who are inter-_ ested in MILL MACHINERY DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES. Nos. 17 ano 18 Iron, Wood-working and ee. (ere Machinery ie ae NOTE: TAE ADDRESS ;___——m. H.W. PETRIE. WAREHOUSE: 141 t0.145.Front, St, West, (Adjoining New Union Passenger Station) Immense List of Engines, Macuinist, DEALER IN _ New anp Seconp-HAND Macuinery .2 TORONTO DONOGH==== & OLIVER se oe TO-DAY THEN, -STRONG AND SURE, itn * FIRM &ND ager BxASE.”? — ATH Sy 0, WHOLESALE SS wis TOByS— 4 WE a ote DEALERS IN ie U M B E Re hb a a tle | SSS SS SS SS CONTRACT~ | OFFICE BEC eRe Nos. 213, 214 and 215 SBE ORONTO | ildi | ee tbs Dh Board of Trade Building SE - ALKING <4 lenders from the. best cortractors. Lie Git Guin WATER WHEELS. FOR ALL PURPOSES, © HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL © WATER WHEEL’ GOVERNORS MACHINE DRESSED GEARS, PULLEYS, SHAFTING, Toronto, Ont. J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath « Shinglés BRACEBRIDGE, ONT. CAVEATS and P A T gE N T TRADE MARKS Obtained in Canada. Has had a sale of over one million copies, and is the most com- plete book of its kind ever published, Gives measurements of all kinds of Lumber, Logs, Planks, Timber; hints \ to lumber dealers, wood MAY: measure, speed of circu- AW lar saws, care of saws, » cord- wood tables, fell- ing trees, growth of trees, land measure, wages, rent, board, interest,. stave heading bolts, etc. = TOR ENG:CO HORIZONTAL TYPE. J. C. WILSON & CO., 35> STuRTEVANT CoMBINED STEAM FAN (Sturtevant leads the world) . ; . | have their Canadian Agency . HANGERS, ETC. | yyrITED STATES AND FOREIGN PAT- ENTS A SPECIALTY. Engineering Drawings Furnished. W. J. GRAHAM, 71 Yonge St. DH=opgorotis(s) Write for Catalogue and Gear Lists. - Glenora, Ont. Manufacturer of and Dealer in ii Very latest improved machinery in all these lines AND HEATER. ACB. WL Aca . PRICE, 35c., POST PAID . Orders have been received for this book oo nearly : all parts of the civilized world, viz.: United States, Canada, Australia, Cuba, Nova pene South America, West Indies, South Africa, England, Germany, and France. G. W. FISHER, Box 238, Rochester, N. ¥. RA. R. Williams == Saw Mill Machinery Shingle Mill Machinery Hoop Mill Machinery Veneer Mill Machinery WRITE FOR CATALOGUE AND CIRCULARS 15. York St; TOROR Jf TERMS, $1.00 Per YEAR yee 2 TORONTO, ONT., OCTOBER, 1894 \ SINGLE Copies, 10 CENTS & Oca) WA Peter Tt ecagdine Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS ME TTRGNOLIA METAL CO, 22 x3, Eta EY SSD TIED & CO., AGENTS 14 Gortlandt st., N RW yo RK at ag os THE B— B eee. | 20hnson Electric Gompany 3K 9K will reface Steam Valves in position. » hee MACHINES IN USE. Saw Mill Owners and others requiring PERFECT ARC AND ~ 2 INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LIGHTING PLANT should com- municate with us . fee = em ae a Im, WE CAN OFFER SPECIAL BARGAINS FOR BEST APPARATUS Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHERS | w. A. JOHNSON, 34 York Street, TORONTO MANUFACTURERS ‘‘ Reliance Works,”? - MONTREAL. Manager. GEO. GORMAGK Wholesale and Retail Dealer in ALL KINDS OF LUMBER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL __ Sohn Bertram & Sons J. L. Goodhue & Go. DUNDAS, ONTARIO MANUFACTURERS OF - MANUFACTURERS OF s EATHER BELTING eesoee WOOD - nee OD-WORKING macHiNERY | Lee eT ACE LEATHER : y WRITE Sa PRICES AND CATALOGUE Danville, Que. E.R. BUPNS SaW 60. FACTORY : *Phone 5120 WHITBY, ONTARIO ) MANUFACTURERS : 584-536 Dundas Street d y= — We < 5 / Grosscut eae) 3 ue fh | =) t E-R-BURNS | Ze Grosscut Saw Handle |?) Gircutar | THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE *. AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED! (EE . 4 ee ee) ~~ Saws —_~oc— » SK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT SHINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY thay eed BS eae ies ; , Fre i et eee ; ofS ‘ ; ; Ths var: AER SSS ar a THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Ocroper, 1894 ‘Tie PRESOCe ae Pand Saw hae THE TT BAND SAW pee CARRIAGES BAND SAW | MILL in different sizes Prescott’s Automatic Carriage Offsets Prescott’s: Direct-acting Steam Feeds COVEKS SAW “TeoLS FOR FILING ROOM Ottawa, Can., July 5th, 1892. TOP GUIDE NOW MADE WITH GOOSE NECK ARM i | éi'| Dear Sirs: It may interest you to know that on June 30th last, in eleven hours, the Band Mill—driven entirely by water—which we got from you, sawed 4,047 feet 1-inch Oot eek MIS 23e A Ale“ SACLE Sok i Na “Oe 270 paeaee i oa To WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: This is to certify that the Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Peter- borough, Ontario, have been licensed to manu- facture and sell throughout the Dominion of Canada, the Band Saw Mill known and called the “Prescott Patent Band Mill,” also the device for Saw Mill Carriage known as the “Prescott Patent Offsetting Mechanism,” and by 3 virtue of said license the said Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company possess the exclusive right to build and sell said machines for Canada, the plans for said ma- - chines being furnished or ap- proved by the undersigned. 106,619 feet. Yours truly, PERLEY ‘& PATTEE (Signed) D. CLINT PRESCOTT, [copy] Patentee. SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE TO The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co. Ltd.” PETERBOROUGH, ONT. BRANCH OFFICE: VANCOUVER, B.C. T# CANADA LUMBERMAN Vo_umE XV. NuMBER 10. BY THE WAY. YT becomes interesting to study tariff matters in a their relation to various departments of the lumber business. Shipments of lumber are not confined to white pine, whether in the log or the more finished state. But there are classes of lumber that are effected in different ways, according to locality sometimes, and also as a result of local conditions, existing at particular times and seasons. For example, we find lumbermen in New Brunswick divided as to the expected effect of free ‘Jumber. Our New Brunswick letter mentions that one benefit to Canadian trade, will be to make it necessary ‘for American lumbermen, who have hitherto operated in Maine, to transfer their operations to New Brunswick. On the other hand we find the trade done on the St. Croix, which has Calaix Me. on one side and St. Stephen, N. B. on the other, connected by a bridge and an electric street railway, raising the question just how these particular conditions will effect them. Here- tofore at New Brunswick, lumber has been taken to St. Stephen on the cars and transferred on rafts to Calaix to be loaded on American schooners. From Jan. 1 to Aug. 31 this year 1586 cars were rafted at St. Stephen and most of it went to Calaix ; and this represents only about half what it would handle in the same time in an ordinary year. The belief ofsome is that much more will now be shipped from the St. Stephen wharves while others hold that Calaix shipments are made to fill orders and the Canadian are generally mixed cargoes, and there- fore likely to be distributed as before. Besides entry fees and pilotage dues on foreign vessels at St. Stephen would be an offset in rafting to Calaix. seb xk. KX Again we come to the box shook industry in Michi- gan. Shooks for flour and sugar barrels, the Michigan people say, were not placed on the free list al- though staves and heading were. The Tribune of Bay City, figures out the situation like this: The Ottawa lumber district is about 300 miles nearer New York market than is the Saginaw Valley and in this geographi- cal position Ottawa manufacturers have a freight charge of $2.50 a thousand on box shooks over local pro- ducers. As matters stood over the McKinley tariff the Ottawa manufacturers were confronted with the 35% ad val duty when they brought their products into the mar- ket of the metropolis. The lowest valuation at which box shooks could be entered is $10. a thousand, which brought the duty to $3.50 thousand, thus making a net protection of $1. a thousand to the American manu- facturer. In all these matters there is a good deal of speculation, and time alone will show how things will work out. ase x Xx On this matter ot shooks an American lumberman has put the case in this shape: ‘The Gorman bill as originally drawn places box shooks on the free list, and even on the final revision an ad val duty of only 20% was secured. The advantage which the Ontario manu- _ facturers enjoy from their closer proximity to the New i $2.50, while this is not now counterbalanced by the $2. E 1 Iduty which is all the Canadian must pay. Instead ffording a protection to our Michigan producers the n schedule of the new tariff law really discrimin- favor of the Canadian who goes into the New tket, and this discrimination amounts to soc. a usand. While this is a nominal protection of 20% the actual effect of the law is one-sided free trade h Canada alone is the gainer.” The clause in the ariff under which box shooks are enumerated is as s: “Casks and barrels, empty ; sugar-box shooks in this act, 20% ad val.” The conclusion of the king-box shooks, of wood, not especially provid- TORONTO, ONT., OGTOBER, 1894 Michigan dealer is that hundreds of millions of staves and heading for sugar and flour barrels manufactured in northern Michigan have no protection at all. hoe 6k Stave manufacturers in Michigan fear that the placing of staves on the free list will place them at a decided disadvantage in competition with Canada. The duty under the McKinley bill was only 50c a thousand, and at that time competition was keenly felt. John C. Liken, one of the most extensive manufacturers of staves in Michigan says, that the only way in which Michigan manufacturers can meet Canadian competition is to re- duce wages and the price paid for stave timber. The sugar trust, which handles the greater portion of the Michigan product seems to have had things pretty much its own way, not only as to sugar, but in having staves and heading put on the free list. RIS SS IX Then if we go to Quebec the spruce industry comes into consideration, and whilst it is believed that trade will be benefited by the change in tariff, yet there is as a stumbling block to complete progress in that branch the heavy duties that continue on pulp in the chemi- cal shape. From Quebec we jump to British Columbia and lumbermen are not yet certain just how free trade may result in providing competition in shingles with the Washington territory district. Taken altogether the question is an interesting one to every thoughtful lum.- berman. Kix XX Some of the various conditions that will have their in- fluence in shaping trade under the new tariff are sug- gested in the specially contributed articles in another page from Mr William Little, of Montreal, and Mr. C. H. Clark, formerly of Barrie. It will be interesting to read these along with other views that are given in the LUMBERMAN, as showing the different circumstances that shade the difterent branches of trade, when under differing conditions. HARDWOOD AFFAIRS. OHN N. SCHATCAERD, of Buffalo, a prominent dealer in hardwoods, has said that he did not expect any change in the condition of the hardwood business under the new tariff. “After the tariff bill had been passed,” said he, “we tried to make prices with the Canadian dealers on the basis of the new tariff, but we found a disposition on the part of the Canadian lumber- men to add to their prices the $2 taken off by the tariff which does not enable us to get lumber any cheaper than before. Whenever we have made prices on lumber in Canada, we have made it the same delivered in Buffalo as the price of lumber brought from Ohio, Pennsylvania or the west and delivered here by the pro- ducer. The Canadian, therefore, paid the tariff Now he seems disposed to take advantage of the reduction of the tariff.” A writer in Hardwood makes the statemeat that at the present time the state of Minnesota probably pos- sesses a larger amount of soft maple than any other state in the union. The whole wooded section of the northern half of the state has it in more or less extensive bodies often mixed with other hard woods as a scatter- ing tree and sometimes even with white pine. Across the border in Manitoba the same wood is to be found in large quantities. The wood varies somewhat in color and texture, but is generally lighter in color than rock or hard maple, and is much softer and lighter in weight, and decays quickly under exposure. The wood takes a good polish which it retains, and does not grow dark with age. It can be used for many purposes for which hard maple is used, such as flooring, furniture and jf TERMS, $1.00 Per YEAR \ Since Cortes, 10 CenTs cabinet work, and in panels makes a light dainty house finish. For this purpose, however, it answers best in the form of thin veneers. It is excellent for butter tubs, or for any such purpose where an odorless wood is desired. It is a good material for flour and sugar barrels both for staves and heading. It is valuable for many kinds of turnery, such as handles for household utensils and even for some of the utensils themselves. But its main use must be for cheap furniture, for which it is especially adapted. That little, but ably edited journal Hardwood, from which we have already quoted has been discussing the effect of free lumber on the lumber trade of the United States. Its opinion is that the people will not get any benefit from the change in tariff: “‘ That the wily owner of Canadian stumpage will simply add $1 duty, which he has been paying since the passing of the McKinley bill to the price of his stumpage.” Of hard woods it says : “These will stand less chance of being affected than pine, for the list of Canadian hardwoods is a limited one, red oak and hard maple being the most important. Birch and elm are already imported in considerable quantities, but at present the bulk of the stock on the other side is held by American dealers, who expect to make an extra profit of about the amount of the old duty. There will be some increase in the importation of mahogany, rose- wood and other fancy foreign woods.” UTILIZING DISTANT WATER POWERS. i SSS utilization of water power, says a writer in the Age of Steel, probably ante-dates written history, the interval between crude and primitive methods and the latest triumph of engineering skill at the Niagara Falls covering the entire period of human progress and civilization. Here and there where the bones of extinct races have mouldered into dust and centuries of time have been silent and blank, traces have been left of man’s attempt to utilize the running stream and the fall- ing cataract. Down to our own immediate times and in sundry fashions and places the water wheel and the dam have been familiar objects. It has, however, been left till the advent of electricity for the real value and scope of this force to be generally recognized. By this means the conveyance of power to great distances has been made possible, its service being no longer limited to immediate localities. It is in this sense that natural forces are multiplied by extending their area of service, and each new science as developed becomes the handmaiden of the rest. In fact, none are complete until all are a unit, and till the last is added the rest areimmature. Electricity promises to be one of the most potential of modern forces in making this fusion, and in the wide distribution of energy from waterfalls may practically revolutionize industrial conditions. In this country, where enterprise is alert to any and every advantage, the revival of interest in water power is spon- es taneous and general. There can be no doubt that this revival of interest will continue and keep pace with our industrial progress wherever water power is economically available. A SUGGESTION RE. PULLEYS. HE editor of the Engineering Magazine says that the TL flesh side of leather is the best to place against the pulley when such leather is used asa belt, notwithstand- ing this to be contrary to the most usual practice, but this general practice is due to the ideas of belt makers rather than to those of belt users. Traction, he says, is greater than where the surface is elastic and has a cling- ing tendency than where it is hard andsmooth. This is because this kind of surface clutches the pulley more — securely by being pressed into all the pores and inter- stices of the metal or varnish. ; THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FUTURE OF FRBB LUMBBR. EXPECTED INFLUENCE ON THE CANADIAN LUMBER TRADE—TIMELY ConTRIBUTIONS FROM Mr. Wo. LirrLe AnD Mr. C. H. CLark. | (ieee contributions which follow on the change in the lumber tariff in the United States were sug- gested by a letter of enquiry sent out a month ago to various leading lumbermen in the Dominion. Mr. Wm. Little, of Montreal, 1s a well-known con- tributor on lumber matters, and years of study of the lumber question lends interest to anything he may write, even when everyone may not agree completely with his views. Mr. C. H. Clark, though writing from Duluth, Minn., where for a few months past he has been located, is an old Canadian lumberman, having been for many years identified with the firm of Burton Bros., of Barrie. He has travelled largely throughout leading lumber centres in the United States, a circumstance that ought to enable him to view the present question from a some- what broad and liberal point of view. VIEWS OF WM, LITTLE. I beg to say in reply to your questions : 1st. What is likely to be the general effect of the re- moval of the duty upon the Jumber industry of Canada? If our lumbermen act with any degree of prudence, I see no reason why the general effect should not be beneficial to the Canadian lumber industry. I believe this, notwithstanding I am fully aware of the disastrous effects to the lumber trade occasioned by overproduction following almost immediately after the Reciprocity Treaty went into operation in 1854—which stimulated Canadian production to an extent that Canadian pine lumber, which for years previous thereto sold at about $11 a thousand feet in the Buffalo market, paying $1 import duty, could with difficulty be sold at $7 a thousand feet three years after, in 1857, under free imports. My reasons for not anticipating any such evil effects at this time is on account of the change that has since taken place in the amount of the American production. The comparative smallness of our present manufacture for export to the United States, which is now, even in white pine lumber, barely five per cent. when compared with their larger home production, makes our exports a less important factor than forty years ago, when our com- petition was almost wholly with the limited product of New York and Pennsylvania—Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, now the great sources of supply, not at that time producing to any great extent for the eastern markets. The greater scarcity of white pine and spruce timber both here and in the United States will also do much to prevent any such overproduction as then took place ; so that the effect should be beneficial not only to Canada but to the American lumber trade, by showing American lumbermen that in late years they alone are responsible for any disasters arising from overproduc- tion—which has been the great bane of the lumber trade in both countries. 2nd. To what extent will the removal of the lumber duty tend to stop the exportation of logs from Canada to the United States, and induce the manufacture here? I regret to have to say that I do not think it will have any appreciable effect in restricting the export of pine saw logs from the Georgian Bay district to Michigan. The exceptional advantages possessed by the larger market at milling points in Michigan, such as Bay City, Saginaw, Alpena, etc., where purchasers can supply themselves from an assorted stock with what they re- quire at any time, and have it sent forward by the cheaper water and especially railway setvice at all seasons, is of itselfa great advantage. Then the com- paratively small cost and trifling risk in towing logs to mills already established there of the best description, coupled with the value of the offal from the logs for fuel in the production of salt, equal to almost enough to pay the cost of sawing, will tend to cause the continuance of the export of pine logs from that district till the pine ‘timber there 1s exhausted. It must also be considered that the lower peninsula of Michigan is now so com- pletely stripped of white pine timber that it must for the future require stock from Canada, even for its own home consumption. Some few American firms having lumber yords in Ohio and New York States may manufacture ;! ¢ lumber in Canada, as they can then stock their yards direct from their Canadian mills, and also a few mills may be built along the railway lines, but in my opinion there will be no falling off in the export of pine saw logs till occasioned by a scarcity of pine timber. It may, however, stop the export of spruce logs intended for lumber trom Quebec and the eastern provinces, but spruce pulp wood, which is a growing industry, will be exported in steadily increasing amounts, till our people insist, as they no doubt soon will, that free pulp wood shall be conditional on free pulp. 3rd. Is free lumber likely to lead to the erection of new mills in Canada ? My opinion is that, in so faras the older provinces and eastern Canada are concerned, except along railway lines, not many new mills will be built. The supply of saw mills in these sections is now fully adequate for the existing stock of timber. On the Pacific coast I would anticipate some increase in mill building, as the charac- ter of our eastern pine is deteriorating so rapidly in quality that the cheapest and best material to be had in the Montreal lumber market to-day for flooring, ceiling, and general house trimming is clear fir lumber from British Columbia, while for large and long timbers it must soon be our chief source of supply. Ath. Is it probable that under the new conditions we should witness an expansion of the planing mill business in Canada? Is our planing mill equipment and capacity sufficient to cause any considerable expansion of busi- ness? In what position do we stand as to planing mill equipment and methods to compete with the planing mills of Michigan and the Eastern States? When answering these questions in a general way, I take occasion to say that putting dressed lumber on the free list is the only thing that should at all reconcile us in permitting the free export of saw logs, otherwise I should not consider we were getting anything like fair ‘compensation under the circumstances ; as if Canada is to derive any considerable benefit from her timber it must be in its manufacture at home to the greatest pos- sible extent. Foreigners now own such a large amount of our best timber (thanks to the ignorance and indiffer- ence of both the Government and people of Canada on this subject) that they will realize the chief benefits to accrue from the rapid advance that must at once take place‘in the value of timber property, and unless we desire some further advantages than the trifling amounts to be paid the provinces in the way of stumpage dues, the bulk of the value of our forests will be lost to Canada. While I have no doubt that considerable pine lumber will be dressed in Canada, the bulk of our pine will con- tinue to go out in the shape of free logs to Michigan, and the sawing, planing, and all other advantages accruing therefrom go to the benefit of our American friends. And by far the larger quantity of sawed lumber will still go out in the rough, as many of the best millers prefer having their pine lumber especially dressed on the spot where required, as the injury to pine lumber in frequent handling after being planed would more than counter- balance any saving in the expense by having the lumber planed here before shipment. I should, however, antici- pate that a large proportion of the spruce lumber, especially that intended for flooring, would be planed at the mills in Canada, as is now largely done at the mills in northern New York; for spruce being a harder and tougher grained wood is not so easily injured by handling after it is dressed. You are of course aware that there is some doubt as to what construction may be put upon the term “lumber dressed,” and the question whether flooring, ceiling, mouldings, etc., will be admitted free will depend on the decision of the U. S. Secretary of the Treasury. That all these were intended to be included under the term “lumber dressed” is evident from the discussion that arose in the Senate, when Senator Allen, of Nebraska, had dressed lumber inserted in the bill— some Republican senators objecting and insisting that under this term even doors, sashes, blinds, etc., would be admitted free. As the clause reads’ ‘‘sawed boards, plank, deals and other lumber, rough or dressed,” I think it can be fairly claimed that flooring, ceiling, mouldings, etc., are included under the term “other lumber,” as there are all descriptions of lumber in the rough, and will be now entitled to free entry whether rough or _ dressed, all kinds of hardwood will share in the general increase OcroBER, 1894 _ You will also observe that, in accordance with the — petition addressed to the Hon. Mr. Secretary Carlisle by Mr. John Charlton “in behalf of the Michigan lumber | interest,” the Charlton proviso was substituted in the Senate bill for the Wilson proviso as it passed the House. This change is greatly to be regretted, as it will be sure to cause irritation in this province, and may lead to trouble, as our people cannot reasonably be expected to submit for any length of time to the unfair position of permitting the free export of pulp wocd while the U.S. government continues to exact duty on Canadian pulp. The greatest zood I anticipate to arise from the re- moval of the lumber duties is in the effect it will have in” causing the people of both countries to become en-— lightened as to the scarcity and consequent value of standing timber, as the removal of the lumber duties e- moves all incentives for misrepresenting the true condi- tions of the forests, which has hitherto been persistently done by interested parties, lest a correct knowledge ot — their condition might lead to a demand on the part of the American public for the removal of the lumber duties. Montreal, Que., 1894. VIEWS OF MR. C H. CLARK. - In reply to your questions: (1) What is likely to be the general effect of the removal of the duty from the lumber industry of Canada? z : I believe the effect will be to increase the number of saw mills and wood-working industries of Canada, and enhance the value of standing timber of soft and hard woods equal to about half the duty deducted, also in- crease the price of white pine lumber for shipment, and this will increase the price of white pine lumber to Canadian consumers, which will result in creating a greater demand for hemlock and Norway—which in its order will slightly advance. Basswood, cedar, and in proportion to the demand. (2 and 3). To what extent will the removal of the duty tend to stop the exportation of logs from Canada to the United States, and induce the manufacturing of lumber here and erection of saw mills? In some cases, where Michigan lumber manufactur- ers have only a limited quantity of standing white pine timber, and others, whose white pine timber is situated a short distance from Michigan, they will probably con- tinue towing their logs. There was an argument in favor of towing logs to Bay City and Saginaw and some other points a few years ago, viz., that a lumber purchaser could go there from most any point in New York State and have ~ 200,000,000 feet to select from and return home in two or three days ; whereas to see half the same quantity on Georgian Bay would require ten days to two weeks. But lumber business has changed since then, and is going to change more. Now, Saginaw and Bay City do not sell or ship by hundreds of millions as much as they did then, from the fact they have not got the timber to pro- duce it, and they cannot secure and place it at their mills with any degree of safety and economy. They want slabs there to manufacture salt, and they want cull and box lumber to manufacture boxes, but it will not pay to tow 1,000,000 feet of logs to get the slabs, mill culls, aud box lumber. Mullions of box and cull lumber are now shipped to Bay City from Lake Superior parts, and — now that the duty is off, the same grades can be shipped from Georgian Bay mills at $1.25 per M, which to tow would cost $2.00, including losses of logs. And after the log has been towed to Michigan and manufactured into lumber, it 1s not where it is wanted, as much of it is shipped to Detroit, Toledo, Cleveland, Erie, Buffalo, Tonawanda and other places. These same logs could be manufactured into lumber and shipped to the same places and save the $2.00 paid for towing, as there is no duty now.. A few years ago there was only one line of steamers running on Georgian Bay. It then took ten to twelve days to see the lumber, but now there are two lines of ten or twelve first-class steamers calling at different parts, and a buyer can see the lumber he re- quires in three or four days. Another thing, Canadian lumber will sell without passing it through Michigan and breaking a bottle of wine and “bow” over its christen- ing. Aside from the above, when parties have large quantities of timber tributary to Georgian Bay, they will find it to their interest to have the same manufactured new ie mills and starting into life many mills dle at Midland and other places. In fact I know 3 now who are figuring on starting up certain nd building a new one to cut in 1895. In pro- I umber is sold to go south or to Lake Erie Ontario ports, or the English market, in that ; = on 200,000,000 feet means $300,000, while i. a 4 . iy for a two band saw mill and plant would not $5,000 to $50,000. As a matter of fact, the rofit is confined within a two dollar margin, which : consumed in towing and risk, and lumber can ictured fifty to seventy-five cents per M Canada than in Michigan or this part of the robable that under the new conditions we an expansion of the planing mill business a planing mill business in Canada for largely upon the railroad companies ; e arch is in their hand, which is often grasp. They can and often do run the ; cannot runa planing or saw mill ; ey want to. All they ask isto own a ’ and let them run the planing mill output, 2y allow manufacturers of lumber, shingles, railroad ties, telegraph poles, cord- 1 21's oats, wheat, and agricultural crop, D ‘oduct generally, to pay the heavy shot. mill will not survive long under this t, hence the necessity of securing rates 2 them to meet competition. All things or equal, as far as railroad companies d, there is no reason why planing mills started and successfully run at Owen vood, Midland, Victoria Harbor, Waubau- (if they can get a railroad), Peter- Brockville, Hull, Trenton, Deseronto, ces in Ontario and Quebec gener- the planing mill is to where the lum- ‘ter ; dressed and finished lumber from places can be shipped in cars to the New Hampshire, Vermont, Massa- cut, New Jersey, Rhode Island, York, and other places—the field is ou wil! find some other gentlemen a question of understanding the busi- epitoad rates, and pack yeu, must planing mills generally in Canada, e seen, are as fully equipped and of the for an extensive volume of American e not had any export trade, it is not pose that they should be fully prepared the quietness of the times, the planing e to turn out millions of dressed and fer export, provided they are advantage- osition do we stand as to planing mills’ methods to compete with the planing sent—north, west, south and east, as have seen many of the large, as well g millsin Michigan, Wisconsin, Minne- es withir. the last five months. The r day, or three to six million feet a year, ‘smooth, true, good work. Some have ed and finished lumber roo feec wide with plenty of room for 30 cars to be ame time the sheds extend to car track ch protects the lumber from rain and e Organized mills the machinery is , and in many cases have three is enables them to fill orders with plo: pce. men and pay - Z good wages, paying special attention to the grading of the lumber from the time it is sorted in the yard until it enteis the car. Asarule it is intended to give to the buyer as good lumber as he ordered, if not a little better. No attempt is made to slide in an inferior piece by any responsible house. In no case do you purchase a “pig in the poke.” They take great pride from the manager all along the line, until the lumber is in the car and shipped, in doing their work good, and a little better than any other mill. They do business to keep their customers, and Canada will have to work hard to take them away. I might mention some of the planing mills that do good work: The Penokee Lumber Co., Morse, Wis., one of the finest and most complete in the United States ; Montreal Lumber Co., Gile, Wis., near Hurley ; Oskosh Log and Lumber Co., Coate, Mich.; Peyters, Kimball & Baker, West Superior, Wis.; Cranbury Lum- ber Co., Duluth ; Scott & Holston, Duluth ; N. Nelson, Cloquet, Minn., extra large; J. R. Davison, Phillips, Wis., extra large ; Knox Lumber Co., Ely, Minn. From what I have seen of the planing mills in Canada, they are generally constructed too hght and cheap, the machinery not large and heavy enough to stop the vibration when running fast, and two or three machines intended to do all kinds of work ; shafting and hangers too light, and belting too thin and narrow. The result of this is, you cannot produce first-class work, true, smooth and even finish, presuming knives and other parts are in order. There is no reason why as good planing mills and as many of them as wanted cannot be constructed and operated successfully in Canada as the United States, and as good men to run them ; though it would be advisable to engage inspectors of lumber who are accustomed to grading for the market the lumber is intended for. (7). What importance do you attach to the statement positively made by Michigan and Tonawanda lumber manufacturers, that the effect of the new tariff will be to force American planing mill men and box manufacturers to transfer their business to Canada? I think there is more truth than poetry in their state- ment, and they will find it moreso than they anticipated. One day they did not want free lumber; the next day they purchased a pine tree; the day after they wanted lumber free. And now they are to have it free in all conceivable shapes and they don’t want it. The next day they commenced kicking and will continue this exercise until they have elevated all the Democrats out of Congress and Republicans have come in. There can be no doubt that allowing planed and finished lumber to enter the States free will have an injurious effect on the planing mills in some parts of the States, and cause transfer of mills to Canada or building of new ones there. Many of the planing mills here are situated in connection with saw mills and are likely to remain so and take their chances in competition with Canadian planed lumber. They know the market ; the Canadians have it tolearn. They believe the Republican party at the next Presidential election will be returned and return the duty on dressed and planed lumber. And with this change likely to take place, many who would have built planing mills will wait —hence not as many mills will be constructed as there would be if the free duty was more permanent or definitely settled. Duluth, Minn., 1894. THE FATIGUE OF METALS. HE metallic parts of machines that are in constant use if they are not fully strong enough for the work re- quired of them, undergo what is known scientifically as fatigue. In metals there isa point in their resistance to pulling, bending or crushing which is known as the elastic limit. Beyond this limit, if continued in use, permanent strain begins. When machines are submit- ted to this limit of strain if it is not kept up too long, they may be restored to normal condition, just as a muscle is by resting. If the strength and power of a machine is fully equal to the task imposed upon it, it does not undergo this fatigue and the use of it may be kept up continuously until impaired by friction. The resemblance in this particular to the muscles of man and other animals is very striking. The CANADA LUMBEFMAN, $1.00 per year. Subscribe. WwW A CHAPTER ON FRICTION. RICTION is not a force in mechanics, it is a resist- ance ; a passive resistance to motion, writes F. J. Moster, in the Wood Worker. It is the tendency of force to produce motion, whereas the tendency of friction is to destroy motion. Nor is the increase of friction be- - tween two surfaces in contact properly the amount of force necessary to produce motion, but the amount of pressure necessary to balance the friction and bring the body to a state of indifference to both rest and motion. Yet we use friction to transmit force, and it is sometimes convenient to speak of it as the force itself. All surfaces, however highly polished, contain minute projections, hence when pressed together the asperities of the two surfaces become to some extent interlocked with each other and produce resistance to motion—and this is friction. The whole amount of friction stated in pounds of resistance, is the product of two factors. The first of these factors is called the co-efficient of friction. Co-efficient, as an adjective, means operating together ; as a noun it implies co-operation—a factor in multiplica- tion. The co-efficient of friction is a constant number which has been determined by experimenting with sub- stances of different kinds and with suifaces in various conditions. Scientificmen have made these experiments and tabulated the results of their experiments, so that now, when the practical mechanic has to solvea problem in friction, he refers to one of these tables for the co- efficient to mect the case. Oak against oak has a co- efficient varying from ‘975 to ‘064, according to exposure of grain and quantity and quality of lubrication. Iron . against iron has a variation in like manner from °314 to ‘064. Between these two extremes in the use of iron I find six other co-efficients, so that adding the eight to- gether the average is 148. This is for sliding surfaces ; a revolving shaft requires a different co-efficient. I want to be sure that I make clear the exact use of this co-efficient of friction. I said it was a constant number and so it is for the same conditions. In casting the interest on $100 at six per cent., we multiply by ‘06, and that multiplier is the co-efficient in the problem ; it is a constant number for that rate ofinterest. But if we change the rate of interest to five per cent., then we change our multiplier to ‘05, and that becomes the con- stant number or co-efficient for all sums of money at that rate of interest. So the co-efficient of friction might be called the rate or amount of friction that pre- vails with certain surfaces under given conditions of smoothness and librication. Then multiplying the total pressure by this rate of friction gives the amount of res‘stance in pounds—pressure being the same factor in computing the effect of friction. Mill shafting in these days does not often run on iron surfaces, the boxes being lined with babbitt metal, but I have no table at hand that gives the co-efficient for an iron shaft running on babbitt metal; but on bronze I have. The co-efficient is ‘251, which will answer our purpose for illustration. Suppose a three inch counter- shaft with two belts each in the same direction, 1,200 pounds each. This will give 2,400 pounds belt tension. Let the weight of the shaft and pulleys be 200 pounds, making 2,600 pounds pressure on the bearings. Inertia and atmospheric influence have nothing to do with the case, I think. Now co-efficient of friction ‘251, pres- sure 2,600 pounds, what is the resistance in pounds? 2,600 multiplied by ‘251 equals 652.6 pounds as the effect of friction. To reduce this to terms of horse power and determine its proportion tothe whole of the driving force, we must make further calculation. Suppose the driven pulley to be two feet in diameter and making 150 revolutions per minute. This will give a belt velocity of 942 feet per minute. Then, 942 multi- plied by 1,200 (driving force) equal 1,130,400 dividend by 33,000 equals 34-horse power and an insignificant fraction as the amount of driving force. The shaft is only three inches diameter and _ therefore does not move with the velocity of the belt on the pulley. The surface of the shaft moves only 118 feet per minute, hence we have 652.6 pressure multiplied by 118 feet equals 77,006.8, divided by 33,000 equals 2.333-horse power as the effect of friction. This is the theory of friction with all things perfect, but it is quite likely that in practice (fair practice, too) the friction would amount to one-eighth of the driving force, e THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE FIRS’ OF EACH MONTH Sy Cc. EL. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION : One: Copy: One Year, ill 'AGVAaNCe 54 jar ase'e ase. cis.cie sje ec ees-aiecesjeane $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance .................cceeeeeeece 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue CaNnapA LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Domini =, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the cusumerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing thes2 topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetri’* Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. WHY NOT? THE question has been asked the LUMBERMAN within the past few days, why do not Canadian lumbermen or- ganize themselves into an association? There is nothing new in the question. We have heard it over and over again, as an oft told tale. But the fact remains the same, our lumbermen do not organize, and whilst almost every business in the country can claim its organization, the lumber business, though one of the most extensive, stands out as a remarkable exception. A great meeting under the management of the United States Lumber- men’s Association was held at Denver, Colo., within the past fortnight, while in Kansas, Alabama, Wisconsin and elsewhere United States lumbermen seem, for the past month, to have done little else than meet in their annual conventions. It is quite possible to overdo this organization busi- ness. However, we are not running in that direction in Canada just It is not possible for any- one to read the reports of these meetings in the country to the south of us without coming to the con- clusion that it has been a good thing for lumbermen, as ndividuals, and for the lumber trade as a whole, to have met together in this manner. We are not without questions in the lumber trade in this country that call for the unanimous thought and ac- tion of the cleverest heads in the trade. There are prob- lems in connection with the trade that are coming to the front all the time and light could be thrown on these by papers or addresses, that, there can be no doubt, could be prepared with credit and ability by Canadian lumbermen. Not least cf the benefits to come of organization of men engaged in the same line of trade 1s the knowledge each is able to obtain ofthe other. It has not been said that there is any large amount of cross-pulling among the lumbermen of any particular section of the country, and yet a remark made by a local lumberman a few days ago is of itself a good reason for the trade coming together. Asked how prices for lumber prevailed in Toronto, this lumberman answered, “ Everybody has his own price.” Now a healthy trade cannot be done when there is not uniformity in prices for the article now. sold, and in a product like lumber, with the market in a healthy condition, and the product itself one that is not on the decline, there can be no reason for prices being at sixes and sevens There are a score and more reasons to be given favoring a lumberman’s organization, but these will sug- gest themselves readily toeach reader. Wehave simply named a few here and there, as they have occurred to us in writing. There is reason enough for lumbermen or- ganizing. There is no reason why they should not organize. There might be an organization of the trade in Toronto. There ought to be. There might bea provincial organi- zation of lumbermen. There used to be an organization in western Ontario of the hardwood men, and those who were active in the association at the time do not hesi- tate to tell of its benefits. Money would have been sived within the past year to members of the trade if that organization had continued in existence. Why not organize? We would be glad to have our readers answer this question one way or the other as the reasors occur to themselves. LOGGING THE COMING WINTER. IT is somewhat difficult to arrive at a united opinion as to the probable size of the cut in the woods the coming winter. By some it is thought that operations will be on a considerab'e scale, and the commencement already made by several United States firms owning limits in Canada is referred to as evidence on this point. On the other hand there are many conditions that lead to an opposite conclusion. The destruction by fire of J. R. Booth’s large mill, coupled with the intimation that he will not rebuild, must of itself mean a shrinkage of some size in the cut in the Ottawa district. Besides, it is well known that owing to the depression of the past year the piling docks, both in Canada and the United States, are heavily loaded up with lumber. Information from the North Shore territory shows that large quantities of lumber are onhand there. Our Michigan correspondent states that there is fully 600,000,000 feet of lumber on the piling grounds in that state. The natural tendency is to see these stocks materially reduced before supple- menting them with fresh stocks. The concensus of opinion would seem, therefore, to indicate that logging will this winter be conducted on a more restricted scale. This view is voiced by Mr. John I. Davidson and other large operators. Mr. John Scully, a large contractor for lumber supplies, confirms these views. What he has to say finds a place on the Eli page. CANADIAN-AMERICAN OPERATIONS. LUMBERMEN from the United States cut quite a large figure in lumbering operations in Canada. We are able to form some conception of this when, at the opening of a season like the present, note is made of some of these operations. For example, J. W. Howry & Sons, of Sag- inaw, are placing a large staff of men in their camps in the Georgian Bay district. They will operate, it is said, eight camps, and will cut 80,000,000 feet of logs the com- ing winter. This firm will sawa large quantity of logs in Canada, and to their saw mill they will add a planing mill and box factory to work up the coarse lumber. Their mill operations are in the vicinity of Peterborough. Contracts for lumber, 20,000,000 feet, on the Moon River, have been let by Arthur Hill & Co., of Saginaw, to Canadian jobbers. This firm has also sold an in- terest in their limits to Chas. Moore, formerly of Bay City, who will move to Canada and superintend opera- tions. It is expected that these logs will be sawed in Canada, instead of being towed to Bay City to be manu- factured, as was intended. The new mill of Cutler & Savage, of Michigan, located near the mouth of the Spanish River, is at present in active operation and they have about 10,000,000ft. now in the booms to work on. Another Bay City operator is Mr. William Peters, who will cut his logs at French River, where he has purchased a mill, instead of towing to Bay City as formerly. The Saginaw Lumber and Salt Company, of Saginaw, will harvest 30,000,000 feet; Thomas H. Hurst, of Wyandotte, 80,000,000 feet ; C. K. Eddy & Son, of Sag- inaw, 20,000,000 feet ; A. T. Bliss, of Saginaw, 15,000,- ooo feet; Turner & Fisher, of Bay City, 50,000,000, feet OcTOBER, 1894 and several other firms from 15,000,000 to 20,000,000 , feet, each of which, says the Michigan correspondent of the New York Lumber Trades Journal, will be rafted from Canada to the Saginaw River mills next season. The new mill to be erected in the Ottawa district by E. M. Fowler, of Chicago, Arthur Hill, of Saginaw, and E. C. Whitney, of Minneapolis, wil! have 60,000,000 night and day capacity and will be worked likely to its full capacity. It is stated that Merrill & Ring, of Saginaw, are negotiating for 100,000,000 feet of Canadian timber held by Michigan parties. EDITORIAL NOTES. 7 AN object lesson for the advocates of better protection to Canadian forests is found in the fact that one of the leading saw mills in Essex county, owned by Mr. Haines and operated at Woodslee, will be removed to Blind River in the Algoma regions, for the one reason that there is not sufficient timber in Essex county to keep the saw mills stocked. It may be said} if Essex county has not plenty of timber there are abundant supplies of the product in other parts of the province, as well as elsewhere inthe Dominion. It is worth remembering, however, that itis within the lifetime of the present generation, when the same thing was said of the timber of Essex and other counties in Western Ontario, which are to-day, with few exceptions, entirely depleted of their timber. Weare not alarmists, and yet it is, we believe, the case, that no one can with any measure of care study the question of pro- tection to our forests without satisfying himself that there is a tremendous amount of prodigality in the hand- ling of forest products, and the time is none too early to consider seriously plans, not alone pointing to the pres- ervation of the standing forests, but of replacing the timbers that have already been destroyed. : Is the consumption of lumber in the future likely to be lessened because otker building materials are already — taking its place? We have all heard this question raised many times, and the answers have been of a various char- acter. The statement has been given currency to on the authority of a prominent contractor that the Grand Trunk Railway had very much curtailed the quantity of lumber it was in the habit of using. It is well-known what a large customer the railways have been to lumber- men. Metal, it is said, will be the building material of the future, and under the observation of everyone this material is to be seen occupying a large space in the erection of many buildings in the present day. But it has been remarked by an architectural journal that metal has fewer aptitudes for building and artistic effect than is the case with lumber and other materials in use to-day. With the ingenious and inventive spirit of the age it may be that metal can be made more useful in the future, than at present seems to be the case. It need not, however, be feared that lumber can at any time take an inferior position in building operations of almost any kind. There is an adaptation about lumber that must always give it a place of supremacy in a large amount of work. - LUMBER circles were somewhat agitated the early part of the month through a press dispatch, which was very - generally published everywhere, stating that a cargo of Canadian lumber assigned to Georgetown D. C., which is a part of Washington, a little further up on the Potomac, had been refused free admission under the new law. The Secretary of the Treasury withheld permission until he could ascertain officially whether the Dominion government still imposed an export duty on lumber. There could, of course, be only one answer to this ques- tion, as our tariff regulations on the point are perfectly clear and so soon as these were explained to Secretary Carlisle the cargo was released and an official statement issued that Canadian lumber should be admitted free. Nor is there any ground, as some had supposed, for a * revision of the free lumber regulations, through the ex- ercise of a discrimination of stumpage dues by Canada, ~ or its provinces, against United States holders of limits. Perhaps the only exception was that of the Ontario Government in the case of a few limits sold here four years ago, in which the conditions were quite local, and which would have no bearing on matters at present. U eX ee erores, 1894 fF USILY engaged wading into blue books and other official documents at his room in the Rossin House Imet Mr. James Conmee, ex-M. P. P. for Algoma, a few weeks ago. This well-known resident of our north country was in thecity as a delegate to the International Water Ways Convention, and was getting his ammuni- ‘tion ready for that occasion. Mr. Conmee’s business activities have brought him into close touch with lumbering affairs in the north, and he cheerfully granted me an interview concerning these matters. “The annual lumber output,” said he, “of the Rat Port- age and Keewatin district is about 75,000,000 feet, chiefly, of course, of white pine. Rather more than half the logs come from Minnesota.” [ enquired how this was and Mr. Conmee replied that there were several circum- stances that gave rise to this condition of lumbering. “For one thing,” said he, “considerable lumber limits were held in Minnesota before the days of the settlement of the question of disputed territory in the Rat Portage district and this timber has not yet been all cut out and until it is a certain proportion of our cut will come from Minnesota. Again with the depression that has existed ‘in commercial circles it has been found that logs could be got cheaper from Minnesota than in our own country. These are conveniently run into Rainy Lake. _ There has always been less or more of this procvring of logs from adjoining territories in the United States, local conditions making it sometimes preferable. When I was in the lumber business in Port Arthur I received a considerable quantity of my logs from Duluth. Then it sometimes depends on who own the mills. If they are owned by parties who have limits in adjoining Ameri- can territory they naturally bring their supply from those points.” Mr. Conmee believes that the lumber trade generally in Canada will be strengthened by the passing of the Wilson free lumber bill. As a good Liberal he refers to the wisdom of the Ontario government in re- fusing to handicap trade with the States in any way ‘as was proposed in certain legislation at the last session of the Ontario Assembly. He thinks there is no doubt but that there will be a noticeable revival in the saw mill business, and to some extent there will also be an ex- tension of the planing mills of Canada. eee Mr. H. H. Cook, of the Ontario Lumber Co., has said : The changes in the United States tariff were likely to give an impetus to the lumber trade, the like of which has not been witnessed for many a year, and the Parry Sound and other districts will hum this season. Many United States firms will commence operations on an ex- tensive scale. A year or two ago the Midland and North ~ Shore properties could not.be given away. Now the Peters’ firm of Michigan have purchased these for $25,000 and will commence operations forthwith. Mr. Miscamp- _ bell will, in the early spring, start up the old British- _ Canadian mills at Midland, and mills will be started all brough the districts, excepting in small limits, where it g | not pay to erect mills, owing to the fact that ro _ per cent. of the lumber is either lost or stolen before it _ can be marketed. xe % ___ A few days ago I drew the attention of Mr. William oe Montreal, who had been making a short stay n Toronto, to the remark made by Mr. Robt. Cox, the nhown lumber merchant of Liverpool, Eng., and at present in Ottawa, that the statistics show that msumption of lumber in England has not varied any year during the past 4o years. “That state- » said Mr. Little, “is just somewhat wide of the There is, I am sure, from some considerable ledge ofthe English trade, a larger variance than 40 years, and yet practically the statement is cor- The English people are very conservative. The of building and extension of public works varies - THe CANADA - 2 a a. UMBERMAN : very little from year to year.” Then, I remarked, we can hardly look to the United Kingdom as a market where we may dispose of any unusual surplus of Cana- dian lumber. “That is the case,” said Mr. Little, “and yet it is to be remembered that this average annual con- sumption of lumber in the mother land represents a very encouraging trade. Our natural outlet for lumber is the United States and if our people are only wise enough to recognize the position of supremacy as lumber producers that they now hold they will be able to place large quantities of lumber in the States at most satisfactory prices. It is the greatest foolishness imaginable for our people to be in too big a hurry to get rid of the prodcuts of the forest. They have a gold mine in these products and prices must continue to advance from year to year. It is quite true there are yet large amounts of timber in the United States, but for certain sections of the States the natural market is Canada, and to Canada these peo- ple will come to buy their supplies.” * & * & Certain Maine lumbermen take a somewhat gloomy view of the lumber clause in the United States tariff bill, so far at least as their trade is concerned. A week ago among visitors to St. John, N. B., were John Sweeney, W. H. Cunliff, C. H. Dickey and J. A. Laliberte, gentle- men actively engaged in lumbering operations down by the sea. To an interviewer Mr. Sweeney said: “The lumber business in the Aroostock country is at a stand- still. We are all of us pretty well discouraged, and if it were not for the fact that we have our borses and our sleds and other possessions necessary to carry on our business, we would not strike a blow this winter. I am sure there will be little or nothing in it, but what are we going todo? Wehave from 20 to 50 horses and it would be next to impossible to dispose of them for anything like a reasonable price. We are, as you will readily see obliged to go ahead, but the cut this winter will be very light, much lighter than it has been for years.” “ No,” continued Mr. Sweeney, in answer to a question, “I have no idea what the outcome of this change will be. I don’t know what we are going to do about it. Things look pretty blue just now.” When asked why the re- cent tariff changes would so seriously inconvenience the Maine lumberman, Mr. Sweeney pointed out that the Maine lumberman had to pay $2 stumpage, whereas the New Brunswick operator had only $1.50 to pay, and having no duty to pay it was obvious that the New Brunswick man could put the Maine man out of busi- ness. oe OLY site Sale Johann Reuter, a Spanish lumber merchant of Vene- zuela, has been in Ottawa during the past week with the purpose of establishing a trade in Canadian pine logs between here and Venezuela. Mr. Reuter says that New York has been his market for logs for many years, but as a result of his trip to Canada, he has discovered that he can do much better by shipping from Montreal or Quebec, and at the same time get a better class of logs. His contract with the New York firm expires in Decem- ber. After that date he will make Ottawa his purchas- ing point for Canadian pine, His yearly shipment wili be 1,500,000 feet, or three or four vessel loads each year, each vessel carrying between 3,000 and 4,000 feet of logs. Montreal or Quebec will be the shipping ports. Before coming to Ottawa, Mr. Reuter visited the Michi- gan lumber districts, but he thinks the Michigan pine is not haltas good in quality as that located down in Ottawa. Mr. Reuter states that Canadian pine is very much in demand in Venezuela, and is now being more used for building purposes than any other timber im- ported into South America. * % *% “Yes,” says J. S. Pinch, of the Collins Inlet Lumber Co., who operate largely in the Georgian Bay district, “the new tariff of the United States will be a great benefit to the timber and other interests of this country. In the first place it has practically stopped the exporta- tion of logs. Firms that formerly engaged in this busi- ness are now’ buying or building mills in our district. Cutler & Savage, of the Saginaw, who have exported from fifteen to sixteen million feet in the round are now building a mill at Kenabuth, near Little Currert, where they will do all their cutting hereafter, and Peiers another big Michigan lumberman who has sent out 20,000,000 / feet of logs has bought the Parry Harbor Company’s mills and his cutting will be done here. But this 1s not all. The freeing of lumber has increased the demand for the products of our mills and in consequence there will be an addition to the output of 30 per cent. as com- pared with last year and you know what that means to everybody engaged in the production of supplies which the lumberman uses.” Hon. E. H. Bronson was asked how he thought the removal of the duty would effect Chaudiere interests. He replied that it certainly would not be a disadvantage. The gain to the trade would not be as much as appear- ed on the surface by the removal of the duty because as he explained only about one third of the lumber cut at the Chaudiere goes to the United States market. Still the removal of the duty on lumber would be of advant- age to the trade. * * & Mr. John Scully, of John Scully & Co., contractors’ agents, who have extensive dealings with the lumber camps, says there will be no increase in the lumber cut this year, “and I incline,” says Mr. Scully, “to the belief that it will be smaller than usual. There are heavy stocks in the United States at the present time. The building trades of Chicago, Cleveland, Buffalo, New York and Boston have been very dull, and till the stocks on the other side are disposed of I do not think there will be much of a spurt. Lumbermen are later go- ing into the woods this year than usual. Square timber that has been on the Quebec market for a year is not sold yet. I know that less men than usual are wanted this year, and wages also are lower, fully 10 per cent. lower. I sent a lot of men through the other day to La Cloche and Little Current in the Georgian Bay. These men came from the Peterboro’ district, and received $12 to $18 a month. Last vear they would have got from $14 to $20 amonth. There are more men offering than we can supply work to do.” Many of the American firms owning limits bring there own skilled men over, and many of the workmen now are from the States, as they can be got there as cheaply as in Canada. * & * “Somebody in the days that are to come,” said Peter Ryan, as I chatted with him the other day about lum- ber affairs, “ will grow rich out of Canadian lumber. But there are a good many fellows who have not the strength to hold on, and they will drop some money in the mean- time. The result of my recent timber sale hasin no way damped my confidence in the value of lumber as a Canadian asset. At the same time, I do not see as a result of free lumber that we are going to have an im- mediate boom on an extensive scale. There is a good deal of lumber in the country and United States lumber- men have heavy stocks on hand. Iam told also that the banks are not encouraging investments in Jumber to the extent that some might suppose. Probably they are just waiting a little to see how trade will shape.” % * If the statements made by Buffalo, Tonawanda and Albany correspondents of some of our Jumber exchanges are something better than mere bluff, then the new tariff bill is going to play havoc with the planing mills of those localities, Canada being the gainer thereby. In the Tonawanda correspondence of the New York Lum- ber Trades Journal the statement is that “ The new tariff bil will, in the opinion of several mill owners, injure Tonawanda. Canadians have heretofore found it to their advantage to bring lumber to this point for dress- ing. The new bill changes this, and the belief is that it will ruin a few mills engaged in that business.” From Albany the report is: “The removal of the duty on Canadian lumber will make it almost impossible for our pianing mills to compete with Canadian dressed lumber. Some think that our Canadian cousins will immediately advance their prices $1 per 1000 feet, but I do not be- lieve they will, as they have large stocks on hand, not only of this year’s cut, but large quantities left over from last year’s, and are only too glad to sell at old prices less the duty.” Mr. G. B. Cowper, who for thirty years was chief clerk of the woods and forests branch of the Ontario Crown Lands Department, died suddenly in Buffalo a couple of weeks ago, He was 75 years of age. 8 THE CANADA LUM BEE ZAy : BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] a aad losses are being sustained here by forest fires. Extensive fires have been raging in the Squamish Valley, making a serious clearing of timber. The fires have also spread along the east side of Howe Soun.l, where a good deal of damage has been done. Messrs. Cates & McDermoth, the stevedores, have secured the contract to load the British ship, Listimore, which is chartered to take a cargo of lumber at the Hastings mill to Buenos Ayres. Trade with South America seems to be looking up. The following vessels are to load lumber at British Columbia ports for foreign points: At Hastings mill, American barque Newsboy, 559 tons, for Sydney; Italian barque Cavour, 1389, for Callao; British ship Ballachu- lish, 1806 tons, for Valparaiso. At Vesuvius Bay, Am- erican ship Occidental, 1470 tons, loading mining props for Santa Rosalia. The Brunette Saw Mill Co. recently shipped to Mon- treal a double cargo load of Douglas fir timber. Three of the largest pieces were of the following dimensions : 24X24 x60 and 24 x 36 x 60, and the largest piece with- out a single knot. No larger timber has ever been shipped from British Columbia. The sticks are to be used in dredge building for the Montreal Harbor Com- missioners. NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C., Sept. 18, 1894. OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] N evidence of fresh activity in the lumber trade is found in the determination of mills to run much later than usual this year. A prominent lumberman of the Chaudiere is authority for the statement that with perhaps hardly an exception all mills will run until win- ter compels them to close down. Logs are in good sup- ply and shipments have become quite brisk since the settlement of tariff troubles in the United States. Much‘ interest continues to gather around the saw mill intentions of Mr. J. R. Booth. Nothing new has developed since my last letter to indicate that he will change his mind, so far as re-building the big mill, but it is thought by some that he will erect another mill, and just where this will be located is an item of speculation with many. It is being realized that logs from the upper Ottawa find more difficulty every year in reaching the saw mills in this section, and for this reason it has been thought that Mr. Booth’s mill might be situated farther up the river. Pembroke has been hoping to receive the plum, but enquiry at Mr. Booth’s office gives the infor- mation that nothing definite is yet known where the mill will be situated, whilst it is not a settled fact that Mr. Booth will really erect another mill. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. Large numbers of men are getting into the woods for the winters work. The village of Gatineau Point is be- coming depopulated through the number of its young men who are entering the lumber camps. Already more than 100 have left there for the woods. The Perley mill, now operated by Mr. J..R. Booth, has never been running so satisfactory as at present. Those of the Chaudiere and Hull luinber establish- ments who do not run all night are having electric plants put in shape for operating lights early in the mornings and evenings up to 6 o'clock, as the days are rapidly becoming shorter. A purchase of 36 horses was recently made for the St. Anthony Lumber Co. on the Perley timber limits Mada- waska. Two detectives are.said to have been sent here by the Underwriters’ Association of Montreal to investigate the origin of the recent lumber fire here. It is not be- lieved, however, by our people, that any ground exists for supposing it to have been an incendiary. Some trouble 1s being experienced by the mills at the Chaudiere on account of the scarcity of water power. Old hands say that they never remember seeing the water of the Ottawa recede so fast as this summer. If the difficulty grows it may mean the closing down of. quite a. number of manufacturing establishments. The act passed at last session of the House of Com- mons, to compel lumbermen to dispose of the sawdust of their mills other than by dumping it into the rivers, will come into effect on May ist, 1895. A meeting of the Chandiere lumbermen has been held and the Minister of Marine and Fisheries will be asked to extend the time in order that proper preparations may be made. A dangerous job now under way is the building of the new rafting pier on the Hull side of the Chaudiere Falls. The force of the current at this point is so strong that a long pier, which was run out above the Buell, Hurdman Co. property, has been carried away piecemeal. As the waters are unusually low at the present time mill owners have thought it opportune to engage now in these repairs. A private letter received here a few days since says that forest fires are raging in the Madawaska district. It is said that McLachlin Bros. limits are getting a ter- rible scorching. It is expected that the last of the drives of the upper Ottawa saw logs will reach Des Joachim’s boom almost immediately, when the boom will be closed up for the season. The Upper Ottawa Improvement Company who handle all the logs after they reach Des Joachim, and by steamers tow them down the Ottawa, never had, on the whole, a more favorable season, as the height of the water in the river was nearly uniform all the summer. ~ OTTAWA, CAN., Sept. 21, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. {Regular correspondence CAaNaDA LUMBERMAN.] A CARGO of 375,000 feet of scantling recently cleared for Buenos Ayres. American mill owners wil is thought, as an effect of free lumber, be compelled to turn their attention to New Brunswick for logs instead of Maine. It is claimed that the higher stumpage and cost of logs in Maine will not permit them to compete with provincial mills. John Sweeney, C. H. Dickey and other !umbermen, who have been in the city lately say that the cut on the Aroostook next winter will be extremely small. The feeling here is that lumber interests will be con- siderably benefited by the passing of the Wilson free lumber bill. This gain will be felt more in a year or two than even now. The last raft has left the St. John river boom. The logs rafted by the Fredericton Timber Co. on the St. Jobn river this season are placed at 97,000,000 feet. This company has been improving its equipment, having recently erected a bu.lding on tbe shore and will manu- facture pins there this winter. They have also improved the fire protection by putting in a pump with a capacity of 500 gallons a minute. A wharf, 90 feet long, will be erected, dredging going on with this object in view now. The province, as with other parts of the country, has unfortunately suffered not a little from forest fires. Alexander Gibson, of whom you published such a life- like pen picture in the last number of the LUMBERMAN, is about to build a new mill at Blackville to cut hemlock boards, in which he says he sees more profit than in spruce. His calculation is that there is 100,000,000 feet of hemlock along the Canada Eastern, a railroad pro- perty, of which he is the chief owner. A mill equipped with rotary, planer, and two shingle machines, is being erected at Boiestown by James S. Fairley. St. JOHN, N.B., Sept. 20, 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] UR people have just passed through an experience from drought that has not had a parallel in this district for many years. Numbers of our lumbermen have been heavy losers through the destruction of their property by fires. On the line of the Mackinac division of the Michigan Central fires have been especially severe. : Expressions of opinion, as to the effect of free lumber, are as frequent as ever, but lumbermen do not seem to have satisfied themselves what the actual results will show. Time must be allowed to tell this. This much, however, is plain that trade is reviving, as a result, if OcropErR, 1894 nothing else, of the fact that business men have some- thing like a certainty to rest on, in the meantime, at any — rate. The Saginaw Lumber & Salt Co. say that busi-— ness is better than the same time last year. Mr. Love-. land believes that prices will, at least, hold their own. The large quantities of white pine that have been de- stroyed by fires will be a factor in keeping prices up. BITS OF LUMBER. Whitney & Batchelor will only cut hemlock and hard- _ wood logs this year, their pine being exhausted. H. As Batchelor is reported to have said that “he will not look for any marked activity in lumber for another year, that such vast timber acres have been burned over it would be necessary for the owners to strain every effort to cut this fall and winter in order to save it and this will glut. the market, and with the increased supplies that wil M come into the markets from Canada will make trade dull and prices low.” It is estimated that nearly 600,000,000 feet of lumber finds a place on the docks here, which means a large | amount of capital locked up. This fact is likely to have an influence in curtailing the size of cut this winter. A raft of nearly 5,000,000 feet has arrived from Georgian Bay for Col. A. T. Fletcher, of Alpena, and at Squaw Bay about 15,000,000 feet of logs, which had been brought over from Canada. “oe Hitchcock & Bialy aie brinsing over logs from Cana. ‘ da. J. W. Howry & Sons sent a crew of 100 men to Canada to work on their limits. Shingle manufacturing on the Saginaw river this sea-_ son has been very dull. Lake rafting has about come to a close. SAGINAW, MICH., Sept. 21, 1894. ; x AXES. - i OSE who are not familiar with the subject, or who, have not given the matter any thought, scarcely realize that the improvement in axes during the last fifty years has been almost as great asin other lumbering — inplements. The axe 1s an implement of very ancient — origin. Those made by primitive races were heavy and clumsy, and when the European nations began to emerge ~ from the dark ages, axes of ornamental design were often unsuited for the best uses for which they were in- tended. , Of late years lighter axes have come into use, and the q two-bladed, or double bitted axe has preference over the ~ single bit in camps of the most progressive andl success- ful lumbermen. » The best choppers prefer to grind one bit thin and — have it with keen edge which will sink deep into the wood, while the other blade or bit is kept more blunt — and is used for trimming tops of trees, or where it is — necessary to strike into knots which would damage a thin ground edge. Thus the double-bit axe serves a purpose which can- not be obtained from a single bit axe. Some inexper- ienced choppers who have never used double bit axes ? have preconceived notions about them and object to using them on the ground that they are dangerous, and that a chopper is liable to cut his head off in using them. ~ The least that can be said of such an one is that a man who pretends to be a chopper and handles an ax so a awkwardly as to cut himself about the head witha, — double bit axe would knock out his brains—ifhe had — any—with the pole of a single bit ax. * ——————————— my * FOOLISH TRADE NAMES. : NE gets sick and tired of trade names, such as vic- tor, ideal, paragon, excelsior, and the like, also won- — ders how the makers of machines thus named can affor« to waste the effect produced by using the maker’s nai instead of these pseudonyms. The name of a firm company applied to a machine such asa waterwheel, gas engine or a moving machine, is of real trade value, and comes constantly into use, but a mickname rarely — ever does. Gas engines are thus afflicted, but not steam — engines, the latter being accorded too much respect- | ability for a nickname. We have, out of regard for the machines and believing it to be vastly to the advantage of the makers, never printec one of these names when it could reasonably be avoided.—Industry. . Pie, 1894 ss THE NEWS. _ —Geo. Upham is building a new saw mill at Hartland N. B. —Samuel Gray, planing mill, V ictoria, B. C., mortgage sale advertised. —W. N. Roberts is building a sash and door factory at Ren- frew, Ont. Hammil & McLeod, sash and door factory, Armstrong, B.C., have dissolved. __ —A demand of assignment has been made upon N. H. Thi- bault & Co., lumber dealers, Montreal. = oh A. Macbee & Co., who operate a planing mill at St. 1, N. B., are reported in difficulties. | —The Dickson Company have upwards of ten million feet of mber at Harwood, Ont., ready for shipment. ; The planing mill of John Graham & Sons, at Inglewood, -Ont., was sold by auction on the 21st September. _ —C. A. B. Purdy, lumber dealer, Porter’s Lake, near Hali- fax, N. S., has turned his estate over to the assignee. —The recent fires along the Madawaska river, near King- ston, are said to have destroyed $50,000 worth of timber. —E. C. Gooden & Co., lumber and general merchants, Baie Verte, N. B., are offering to compromise at 30c. on the dollar. —J. S. Fairley is building a new saw mill near Boistown, N.B. It will be equipped with a rotary, planer, and two shingle ma- ees —Hanson Bros., of Durham, N. B , have lately been sawing hemlock boards and have made a shipment to the American market. —Six and a half million feet of logs in one raft were towed - from French River to Collingwood recently, to be cut in the _ mills there. __ —The assets of the Toronto Wood and Lumber Co., who recently assigned, were sold by auction at their mill in Toronto on the 14th ultimo. —Mitchell’s new saw mill at Selkirk Man., has commenced operations. The capacity is 35,000 feet per day, and the logs are towed from Lake Winnipeg. —The sash and door factory of Boyd & Co., at Athelstan, Que., has been taken over by the Montreal Trust and Loan Co., who held a mortgage on the property. —Application has been made for a provincial charter for the Assiniboine Lumber Company to carry on business in the city of Brandon, with a capital stock of $100,000. _ —The Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co. has recently purchased a fine timber limit on Vancouver Island, B. C., from the Tor- onto and British Columbia Lumber Co. —At a meeting last week of the Retail Lumbermen’s Associa- tion of Winnipeg, it was decided to reduce the price of shiplap _ $2 thousand and lath 25 cents a thousand. _ The large saw mills at Collingwood, Ont., have commenced operations, and there is timber enough in the bay to keep them ‘running until January. More than 200 men are employed. - —The first ship load of British Columbia lumber sent to Egypt ; left Vancouver a few days ago for Alexandria. The cargo goes on the barque, “‘ Verejean,” which is loaded with 1,630,000 ft. ___—& large saw mill is being fitted up at Pine Tree Harbor, Ont., by Messrs. Bowman, of Southampton, and Siebert, of _ Chippewa Hill. There are large -quantities of timber in the ¥ district. Tg —Withrow & Hillock, lumber dealers and manufacturers, of _ Toronto, owing to losses in real estate and general business de- - pression, have been obliged to call a meeting of their creditors. f The liabilities are said to be about $120,000. it —Owing to contemplated improvements to their mills and t e unusual lowness of the water, McLachlin Bros., of Arnprior, 1 ve closed d down. New and improved Scaeey is to be put the river channel to the mills deepened. troyed by fire last month, was the only mill of its kind in ada. It sawed and split cordwood into stove lengths and kilned the wood. The head grees is in eee oma have been purchased by J. Haynes, of Woodslee ; ag Todd, of Gesto ; R. Wigle, of Essex, and R. Tader, of The purchasers have secured timber limits near the W. F. Wilson, who was formerly connected with the r trade in Winnipeg, but who recently has been located ish Colnmbia, is opening an office in Winnipeg. He is ; representing the Red Cedar Lumber Co., of Victoria, B.C., ills at Port Moody. He has a big scheme on hand for ng British Columbia lumber, THH CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 —William Irwin, proprietor of some timber limits in Mus- koka, has entered an action against James Turner and a num- ber of other Michigan lumbermen to recover the sum of $22,- 257, which he claims is due on a promissory note given in pay- ment for 21,000,000 feet of logs sold to’ them. —William Laking, a lumberman, of Fesserton, Ont., recently purchased a limit of six and a half square miles in Gibson town- ship from the Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co. It is his inten- tion to take out three and a half million feet of logs in North Orillia. Gibson and Matchedash, for next season’s cut. —The supply of timber in Essex County is not sufficient to keep the saw mills stocked. One of the leading mills, owned by Mr. Haines and operated at Woodslee, will be removed to Blind River in the Algoma lumber regions. be made in a few weeks. The removal will —L C. Wideman has erected and put in operation a new planing mill at Guelph, Ont. 46 x 67 feet. The first story contains a planer, rip saw and moulder ; the second, a band saw, shaper, rip, cross-cut and scroll saws, sharpeners, and trimming, lathe and boring ma- chines ; and the third is used as a store room. The building is three stories —The Lumberman received a pleasant call during Exhibi- tion week from Messrs. Duff & Stewart, ef Bluevale, from whom we learn that the union furniture factory at Wingham, which has been closed down for some time past, has been put in oper- ation by a new companny, among the promoters of which are Messrs. Thos. Bell, James Cline, Benj. Wilson and John Mc- Lean. —An action has been entered ” F. X. Stafford, of Montreal, against the McCready estate, to gain possession of a tiniber limit. The late James McCready had granted a timber limit to plaintiff, on condition that he should sell other similar limits. As the conditions of the grant were fulfilled only after Mr. Mc- Cready’s death, the executors claim that the mandate did not exist at that time, and that Mr. Stafford could not demand his timber limit. Hence the action. —About two weeks ago a neatly dressed young man present- ed a cheque at the Merchants’ Bank, Toronto, for $6,000, pur- porting to be made by Alexander Burnett, the well known lumberman of Renfrew, and endorsed by the Cook & Bros. Lumber Co., of Toronto. ~ The fact that the cheque was made for an unusually large amount aroused the teller’s suspicion, and upon examination the signature was found to be a forgery. The young swindler, observing the actions of the bank officials, made his escape. FIRES AND CASUALTIES. FIRES. C. A. Sleeve’s saw mill at Coverdale, N.B., has been burned. —The saw and grist mills at Dartford, Ont , burned. Loss, $5,000. —The hoop and stave mill of Smith Bros., at Stewart, Ont., was consumed by fire a week ago. Loss, $9,000; insurance, $3,000. —M. McCormick's planing mill at Winnipeg, Man., was completely destroyed by fire a couple of weeks ago. Loss, $10,000, —McKechnie’s saw mill at Durham, Ont., was burned to the ground the early part of last month. The loss is estimated at from $15,000 to $20,000. No insurance. have been —Gillies’ Bros’. lumber yard at Paris, Ont., was damaged by fire recently to the extent of $5,000. All the lumber, shingles and lath in stock were consumed. Ne insurance. —Fire broke out in the planing mill of Robert Patterson, at Hensall, Ont., on the 8th ultimo, consuming the building and a quantity of lumber in the yard. The loss is roughly estimated at $7,000 ; no insurance. —No sooner had our September number gone to press than the news reached us of the destruction by fire at Ottawa of from eight to ten million feet of lumber owned by J. R. Booth, and valued at from $150,000 to $200,000. About 60 per cent of the loss is covered by insurance. Only a few weeks previous Mr. Booth lost a mill valued at $150,000, on which the actual insurance paid was $140,000. CASUALTIES. —John Matteson was drowned at Fort William recently while working on the boom at Graham, Horne & Co.’s mill. —Egbert Barnes, foreman in W. C. Edward’s mill at New Edinburgh, Ont., was struck on the head with a lever a few days ago and seriously injured. —While working at an edger in Booth’s saw mill at Ottawa, aman named Champagne was hit bya flying plank. One arm was broken and lacerated and he was otherwise seriously in- jured. _—J. A. Gagnon’s saw mills at Three Rivers, Que., were wrecked by the explosion of a boiler on the 7th of September, The fireman, Samuel Beaumier, was instantly killed, several others were badly scalded and otherwise injured. mill was a new one and had just been put in operation. PERSONAL, Mr. A. Barnet, lumberman, of Renfrew, Ont., a visit to Manitoba and the Northwest Territories. recently paid We learn of the death the early part of last month of Mr. William McClymont, known lumberman. long a resident of Ottawa and a well- The marriage is announced on the 30th August of Mr. Geo. Gordon, a prominent lumberman of Pembroke, Ont., to Miss Minnie Parry, of Dunnville. A hearty reception was given the newly-wedded couple by the townspeople, in recognition of the popularity of the young lady. TRADE NOTES. Messrs. McRae Bros. & Co., of Ottawa, have purchased the handsome sawmill carriage recently exhibited at the Toronto exhibition by the Waterous Co., of Brantford. It will be placed in their extensive mills at Calabogie. The Brunette Saw Mill Co., of New Westminster, B. C., have receutly put in operation a new ‘‘ King ” lumber planer, weighing 27,000 pounds, manufactured to their order by Messrs. E. & B. Holmes, of Buffalo. dressing timber up to 16 x 30 inches on four sides at one opera- tion. Messrs. White & Co., of St. John, N. B., have ordered from A. R. Williams, of the Soho Machine Works, Toronto, one of his new brake lathes to swing 86”. the latest improvements in lathes of this description, and is cal- culated to do a very wide range of work. points of construction to the one exhibited by Mr. Williams at the World’s Fair, Chicago, but of larger dimensions. This machine is capable of This lathe is to embody all It is similar in many PUBLICATIONS. The Review of Reviews for September gives surveys of recent Congressional and State legislation in special articles ; the com- parative table of tariff rates, especially, will be found useful for reference purposes, as it shows at a glance all the important changes made by the enactment of the new law. UTILIZATION OF SAWDUST. E large lumber manufacturing districts the utilization of waste products, such as slabs, sawdust, etc., in some way other than burning these as fuel, is, says Mr. Lei- cester Allen in the Tradesman, worth considering. One of the methods whereby profit has been made from saw- dust, is the manufacture from it of oxalic acid, which is a simple process producing a material in wide commercial demand in the arts of dyeing and other chemical arts. As intimated, the process is not only simple, but the out- fit for conducting it does not involve a large investment. The principles involved are not complicated and the process can be carried out by cheap labor under the superintendence of a fairly intelligent director. Oxalic acid is frequently met with in the vegetable kingdoin, especially in combination with gases which destroy its poisonous character. Oxalate of lime is found in considerable quantity in the rhubarb plant ; alate of potash is found in the sorrel, and axalate of soda in salicornia and salsoda. Formerly the acid was ob- tained from the sorrel, oxalis acetosella, but more re- cently from sugar, by the action of the nitric acid upon it. The nitric acid and sugar are boiled for some time, then evaporated to dryness, and the oxalic acid formed is purified by recrystallization from water. A much cheaper material than sugar is sawdust. In this case an alkali must be employed instead of an acid, as well as a higher temperature. The operation is conducted in an iron vessel of suitable size and shape ; and either caustic soda or potash is employed, the yield being greater with the latter. Some recent experiments made by William Thorne, in Stuttgart, go to prove that a mixture of forty parts of caustic potash to sixty parts of caustic soda, will produce as large a yield as when potash alone is used, provided the operation be performed in shallow vessels with thin layers of the material, avoiding as far as possible the fusing of the mass. Soft woods, such as pine and fir, produce larger quantities of oxalic acid than hard wood like oak. The proportion of the wood to alkali should not exceed 75 to 100, and the temperature should be about 480 degrees Fahrenheit. Ox- 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN oe » -- OcroBEr, 1894 TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, Sept. 25, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. EYOND any doubt business in lumber has improved during the month. The shipments out from Ottawa have been on a much larger scale than for some months past. At Oswego operations are active as a result of the arrivals of Canadian lumber. The Northwestern Lumberman says that Canadian lumber is beginning to cut quite a large figure in eastern markets. Dealers at Tonawanda and Buffalo are securing some of the bene- fits. Our cotemporary sounds this note of warning to United States dealers: “The pine dealers in all the lake regions will have to meet this Canadian competition, and they may as well brace their fortitude for the trial. The effect will be to some seriously felt within a year or two. After that supply and demand will get settled to new conditions and the diminishing supply in the States will help to that end.” Canadian lumbermen continue to discuss tariff matters and opinions vary a good deal, as a reference to this and a past issue of the LUMBERMAN will prove. A pro- minent Chaudiere lumberman said that he did not look for any immediate change in the present dull state of the market there, from the tact that depression in the States had been so long continued and extensive. Atthesame time the fact is that lumber in increased quantities has been going out from Ottawa during the month. This one important benefit has accrued, that the settling of the tariff difficulty has given stability to trade, which it much needed. Elsewhere we discuss the outlook of logging opera- tions the coming winter. There is good reason to sup- pose that these will be more restricted than had some time ago been expected. Saw mill business is showing an encouraging revival. Our information 1s that the leading mills of the province will cut this season clean up to the time they will be barred out of further work by the severity of the weather. And itis to be 1emembered that within a month even, there has been an increase worthy of mention in the number of mills that have re- commenced sawing operations. How far the extensive and lamentably serious forest fires that have taken place this summer throughout Wis- consin, Minneapolis and some portions of Michigan will affect the size of the winter’s operations, and likewise trade the coming spring, is being widely discussed in lumber circles. A safe estimate would seem to be that fully 1,000,000,000 feet of timber has been damaged by fire, and to save this from complete loss the work of cut- ting will need to be commenced at once. No doubt in those states this fact will cause lumbermen to reduce the size of operations in cutting green timber. Then it is a question to what extent the necessarily placing of this large amount of timber on the market will affect trade and govern prices a little later on. Fortunately fires in Canada have not been so large as to have a com- mercial influence in this direction, but, as we now look to the United States as a field for an increased white pine trade, the future must be effected to some extent by the anticipated operations of United States white pine lumbermen. New Brunswick trade is reported to have already felt some benefits from the new tariff relations. It is expect- ed that the position of spruce, as a result of these changes, both in Quebec and New Brunswick, will be a good deal strengthened. Lumber trade in British Columbia is somewhat quiet. Cedar shingles are lower in price than a year ago, and the market is sufficiently demoralized to make it hard to say what the future may be. Some reductions in prices have been made in lumber in. Winnipeg, perhaps an average of $2.00 per thousand on ordinary grades. Ontario’s local trade has improved some during the month and wholesale men say that they are anticipating at least a fair fall trade. UNITED STATES. Whilst the increase in lumber trade in any part of the Union during the month has not been remarkable, the signs are clear that business is actually reviving. Just how large. will be this revival, and exactly what shape it will take under the new tariff, lumbermen are not yet, apparently, ready to say, but it is encouraging to them that trade is m a progressive state. Advices from the eastern markets tell of a considerable movement of lum- Ler during the past few weeks, and whilst the stocks on. hand at manufacturing centres are large, yet some inroad is being made into these. These improved conditions, it is expected, will continue to prevail, and the spring, it is hoped, will open out with something like old time ac- tivity in the lumber business. FOREIGN. Trade in Great Britain is not in a very satisfactory shape. A camplaint has been growing for some time that shipments of lumber have been sent from the United States to the United Kingdom with very little regard as to whether they were really needed or not. A result is that the market has become demoralized, and the English lumber trade journals are now speaking out in plain terms and saying that a halt needs to be called. Denny, Mott & Dickson, of London, Eng., tell us that there has been little change in the relation of supply to demand during the month. The landings at this time of the year are ample to meet all likely needs that can be foreseen at present. This authority gives expression to the dissatisfaction caused in the lumber market by the receipt of “a large proportion of sawn stuff sent by ill-advised shippers,” and which is “unsaleable in this market. In the floating cargo market there have been more sales for speculation than cf late, although the prices reported can hardly cover the present import cost.” The advent of a sounder condition of trade and industry is, says this circular, not evidently at hand. Farnworth & Jardine, of Liverpool, state in their current circular, arrivals from British North America have been during the last month 54 vessels, 57,055 tons, against 53 vessels, 48,592 tons during the corresponding month last year. They say : “ Business during the month has been quiet, and imports, although not extensive, have been quite suf- ficient ; there has been a fair enquiry for most of the leading articles, but prices generally rule low, though with a slightly firmer tone. Stocks on the whole are quite ample.” The indications continue to point toa growing improvement in trade in South America, and the visit of Johann Reuter, of Venezuela, referred to else- where in these columns, is not without commercial sig- nificance to the lumber trade. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, September 25, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. Dit-4 in, CUE Wp artis EECCA ie yesets etter eats elade Siatstela alia etete elatee 1x10 and 12 dressing and better 1xro and 12 mill run IXIO'ANG F2 COMUMIOM. sao. b sm pets wale rie ete see ae alee rxro and 12 spruce culls rxr1oind 12) miles. sere leeeieerasisieleeiin eae = ieeieie ee eee Tinch:cleatand picks:y'-.seiaissleeeta erase aroma ateteio eaters 1 inch dressing and better 1 inch siding mill run rinch siding’ tommon’..(;, «. . miaiatatplora; od miata oa ae eta Ae Dah, per 0s oo. a’ visice mss vite win a ote’ aa ee ee sia SAGINAW, MICH. SAGINAW, MICH., Sept. 25.—The anticipated improve- ment in trade, as foreshadowed in our comments from here a month ago, is being borne out by the business of Trade is better, and though stocks on hand — are not only ample to meet all demands, but are indeed — the month. heavy, still they are commencing to move. As much as anywhere lumbermen here discuss the likely effects of the tariff on the lumber situation. Some argue that the bringing in of large quantities of Canadian lumber will have the effect of preventing any rise in prices, and may possibly cause a decline. A number of sales of some moment are reported within the past week or two, one of 1,000,000 feet of box at $10, and 1,000,000 feet of log run at $15.50, being among the more noted. FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH. Uppers, 1, 1% and 1¥4...... 45 00 | Fine common, r in...........35 00 BNA oicis viele sc che sate MS ee 6 1% and-x3 id. -ncyaaens 36 00 Selects, 7th. nsis.0s «estes 2 Mis oe eae og eee ete 37 90 1% and1¥% Cia 8 and 9 in aS daeire +++30 00 BONN sree) eae eee ee SIDING. ov y in oF OEE cio, ton Je 19 00 Sesion cee Wy Wi. , slic ive ee OD) Selea VAM RAQBOUN 2x 00}| No. 7, 34 suptees aan ectiatpaty OF LAN WS iSaSAE Pano se acca Wy Wiens nia app nia ety aa ee 23 00 TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING, 2x4 to IOxI0, 12, 14 and 16 ft. ort oo | 20, SEs apees Per Cee PM eemeericremcmins obo. oo| 22and 24 ft.. «»s¢ 15 00 For each additional 2 ft. add ' 1; 12.in, plank and timber $x extra; extra for sizes above 12 in. BOX. ee ae 12 in. (No 3 Narsrow ove. sen 0 13 00@14 00 BALAN A: oe 14 00 } 2 in. . .. 1.2005 cape en £8 oo seeds tice 3 out) 1350] 134 Wee wees sees. 15 00 18 60 1x13 and wider...... 15 00 17 °00,|/2 IM Soc s epee 15 00 18 00 SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 45 | Standard brands. river made, Clear Butts... 7-01 user 2 25 B.S ©, Fr gh 3 00 Clear: Biitts? 2b eee 2 00 WHITE PINE LATH. Be CSE Bombocn atic eae oe lose 1 50:| Nos 2.00.5 t ie oe eee res I 25 Hemlock BOSTON, MASS. Bosron, Mass., Sept. 25.—A particularly quiet spot for lumber for many months back has been the Hub, but the past things for Boston. We are told that there have been many arrivals from Canadian ports, and that fair prices have been paid for the stuff. Spruce has shown an up- ward tendency and it may be said of all lines that there is an improvement in the market. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed 34 inch. «./-teenpere 2 boards'.c...essens $12 00| 11-16 inch........ +9 i 4 oa Coarse No. 5.....-. 1600] imch.......... + 8 50 ReRSES Ss or. nee pels 1200 12 50| Clapboards, sapext.. 50 00 55 00 Gaisiciaawnena 900 i000] Sapclear......... 45 00 5000 Reseaes I inch. . 1075 1100 Sap, 2nd clear.... 42 00 We iach .x\0sae octhie’n 975 1000 On Tsun eee 25 00 , WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD, Uppers, 1 in........ ne o0@§1 00 | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 42 00 46 00 14%,1% and 2 in.. 52 00 55 00| No. 2,1 in. Finecom. 28 00 30 00 gand qin.......... 60 00| 1%, 1% and 2in... 29 00 31 00 Selects, r in-..-..... 43 00 45 00| No. rstrips, 4 to6in. 43 00 44 00 14%, 1% endo it. 50 00 37 00 © BANG A We ie. ai 51 co 3 30 00 Moulding hoards 7 to Cut ups, 1 to 2 in. 32 00 Er in. Clea¥: . sas 36 00 38 00 | Coffin boards........ 23 00 60 per cent. dens - 34 00 36 co | Common all widths. «+ 22 00 26 50 Fine common, rin. he oo 40 00| Shipping culls,1 in... 15 00 15 50 14%, 1% and 2 in. 42 00 do ri in. I5 50 16 50 SPRUCE—BY CARGO. : Scantling and plank, Coarse, rough........ 12 co@14 00 random cargoes.. 14 00@15 00 Hemlock bds., rough. 12 00 13 00 Yard orders, ordinary “* “dressed 12 00 14 00 GIZES ee cept simreeee 15 00 16 00| Clapbds., extra, 4 ft.. 29 00 30 00 Yard orders, extra Clear, 4 ft......... 30 00 31 00 SIZES & see sinuns eros 16 00 18 00| Second clear....... 23 00 24 00 Clear floor boards.... 19 00 20 00 No. © satiet ona ee 12 00 16 00 WO. (25. esee ewe - 16 00 17 00 < ; : LATH Spruce by cargo. ./). ose «mek once sels aan a te) 2 50@2 75 SHINGLES. Eastern sawed cedar, Eastern shaved sawed $3 00] cedar,*1st quality... 5 oo 250 and quality ty oes 475 200 ord eae 385 400 150] 4th Sey Sie eee 300 325 Spruce Ne: 1.2-:..55 Saye NEW YORK CITY. NEw York, N. Y., Sept. 25.—A spirit of recuperation is manifest in (haben in the metropolis. Not very many large sales are to be noted, but there is more general de- mand for lumber, a result of an improvement in trade few weeks contain signs of better ’ Up’ ed 1,14%,1%and 2 ae : $46 conditions in all lines of business, and lumber is receiv- ing aportion of the gain. The demand for low grade stuff, part:cularly box, is quite considerable, and some are saying that white pine stocks will be scarce before _the season is over. WHITE PINE—WESTERN GRADES, Uppers, 1 in....... » $44 00@45 00 | Coffin boards........ 20 00 22 00 en eA oe PEACOAT OC | SOK 1 cieraie ls ccn's.cin'e' « $17 00@17 50 Jones 55 00 58 00| Thicker .......... 17 50 18 50 aes ae Ee RORTES 40 00 41 00 | Ccil’g, veel fig. No. r 40 00 42 00 ox fh. all wide...... 4I 00 43 00 me: Wibre tractive 35 00 37 00 1%, and 2in.. Hie) (ey a7 VN foo) | Cap BEES 24 00 26 00 Daiguea 4 in..--.... 52 00 53 00 Shelving, ING: Tercens 30 00 32 00 ‘Fine common, 1 in.. 36 00 37 00 Boat omits 25 00 27 09 i, and2in.... 38 00 40 00 Molding, INOa terrae 36 00 37 00 aN os ONCE AAR eit POO - 34 c0 636 co 00 Bevel sid g, clear.... 22 50 23 00 00 Wee dete Seared 22 00 22 50 (ore) IVOs, Boia alsin seins can 20 00 2050 [efe} GH 2 Neenecnctoce 36 16 00 17 00 Noenayecl, and No. 1 23 00 25 oo 00 DSc g nearer etaenctetersy lores 20 00 22 00 00 Sauter Pai iecesieten sts 18 00 19 00 18 00 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. "ys TONAWANDA, N. Y., Sept. 25.—Where the tendency __ had been for prices to Preauens the situation during the - month shows a change in this respect. Those looking _ for bargains have been here, but they have not found them as readily as at other times during the past sum- mer. ‘Box men are encouraged by the number of orders they have been able to book. Shingles are somewhat slow. WHITE PINE. Shelving, No. 1, 13 in Seti fas + 00 48 00 and up, 1 in...... 3% 00@33 oo ae GOA) 2 11). ... +.» 52 00 55 00] Dressing, 14% in...... 25,00 26 00 DMs e ee cieecece sees 58 00 6000| 1%xroandiz...... 26 00 BONA R24. Ws. cis. cicssices 24 00 25 00 RTE SIL nidiciews wereie ss 26 50 28 00 50 00 | Mold st’ps, 1 to 2in.. 33 00 35 00 4m 52 00 | Barn, No. 1, roand 12 Fine common, x in... 35 00 38 00 “ey AR Ia 21 00 23 00 rs and 1% i SHlgce's «:- 37 00 38 00] Gand 8 in......... 20 50 22 00 UM eee eens ++ 39 00 4000 No. 2, 10 and 12 in. 18 00 19 00 * i in. 45)60)| “Gand 8in......... 18 00 19 00 EAA kes 45 00] No. 3, toand12in. 14 00 16 00 Cut’g up, No. 1, 27:00 2900] 6and8in.. , 50 15 50 1% to 2 in 33 00 34 00] Common, rin 00 18 00 > 1 1 ee 17 00 18 00 1\% andi ae 30 20 00 Nonaymegrarain9 23°00 24 00) 2 In... .........- Ig 00 22 00 No. 3,1% tozin... 18 0 19 00 ALBANY, N.Y. j ALBANY, N. Y., Sept. 25.—Greater activity has been noticeable in the lumber market since the tariff bill was _ passed, and dealers, if they do not like some features of _ this bill, are encouraged by the activity in trade that is oe itself. Planing mill men are somewhat fearful _ of what the result may be to them, but as has been re- marked before from this point, time will alone tell the < true inwardness of the matter. « a Pe PINE. ae and up, good........ $56 $60 | ro-in. common............. 15 $16 Deyn 222 23 58 | x2-in. dressing and better... 28 34 ‘Selects Be virsicicssjesc 5 BME RGOUnON) ise co cise c ba es Is 17 SME NGUI TS ata visa kas. 45 | 134-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 40 45 (1% to 2-in. good........... sey sCOMMMON ae. enc ve ne 15 17 Fou rths Rev sa eee eee 47 50 | t-in. siding, selected........ 38 42 BEIECES snccn es ese vse sess Pmmeeee alien COUUMOD = sias s jcee 3 + suet oral caleineaene Lumber, Wholesale and R Waubaushene, Ont.... Calabogie Callander, G.T.R. Calabogie, Ont........ Callander, ‘Ont... ... 222. Collins Inlet, Ont...... Collins Inlet Glammis, ‘Ont. ....-... Pinkerton. ys.2=)e0 ejeiorsts Hamilten, Ont........ Pe AamGOn «6-100: diene: ¢ Huntsville, Ont........ Huntsville... 23... 6660: Hamilton, Ont........ Huntsville and Katrine Keewatin, Ont........ TRECWALINE 5 oo ctor via os Keewatin, Ont........ Keewatin::....55. 005 Lakefield, Ont......... Lakefield Booth, J.R Conger Lumber Co. .........).. .|Parry Sound LumberCo......... Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Office, Arcade, 24 King st. w., Toronto McPherson, Schell & Co. Caldwell, A. & Son Dyment & Mickle Barrow Bay Lumber Co., Limited . Georgian Bay Consolid. Lumber Co. Hd. office arcade 24 King st. w., Carswell, Thistle & McKay John B. Smith & Sons Head Office, Strachan Ave., Collins Inlet LumberCo......... Meinityre, Vida Ac) a) oe Bete mais ualiene BRADLEY, MORRIS & REID CO. Heath, Tait and Turnbull Thomson, Robert & Co. Dick, Banwine @ Cola, o>» eis Keewatin Lumber & Mfg. Co..... Lakefield Lumber Mfg. Co. Saw, Shingle and Lath Mi Head Pe Se Sawmill, Pine, Lumber, H Oak, Oak Railway Ties, Pine only. Toronto Toronto} and Shingles........... Saw, Shingle and Lath Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, He Saw, Lath, Sh. and Pl. Mi Lumber, Wholesale and Retail 2 Sawmills, White and Red Pine, Wholesale... . Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. W. Pine Lumber, Lath and Bill Stuff, all lengths. Cheese Box Factory, Pine, Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Cedar, Hardwoods...... -|Saw, Shingle and Heading Lumber, Wholesale and Retail................. White and Red Pine Lumber, Bill. Stuff, Lath Lumber, Pine, Oak, Ash, Birch, Whol. and Ret. Hemlock, Pine, Lumber, -|Lum., Tim., Pine, Hem., Hwds., Sawmill, Pine, Spruce, Hardwoods.......-..... Sawmill, Pine, Hardwoods, Wholesale.......... Lumber, Wholesale and Retail Little Current, Ont....|Sudbury.. Howry, J. W. &Sons.........: Landon, Ont. 3. 21-0-2. London... Gordon, James;.jo>.)4.- b,.cle see Exp. and dlr. in Am. Hwds, made to specification Longford Mills, Ont. ..| Longford Longford Lumber Co........... Saw and Plan. Mill, Tim. Lands and Logs, Pine)S$ Wortnast, ‘Ont..\... 2). 25 Warman osc sects oe Minnesota & Ontario Lumber Co. .| Lumber, Wholesale "and Retail PR etn. toes Louise) Ontss. sais Toronto, Ont.......0.... Warren, C.P.R S. B. Wilson & Son The Imperial Lumber Co., Limited. . Lumber, Wholesale and Retail............22... Hardwoods, Shingles, Lath, Handles........... Pie oor aah vge neo eek Steam, Circular and Band Mill Water, Gang and Band, 450m Water, Gang, Circular, Saw gom, Shingles 7om, Lath 30m 2 Mills, Water, 1 Band, 2 Gangs and 3 Circulars.- Circular, 3m Steam, Circular, 4om Ils, Pine, Wholesale . . Spruce, Cedar emlock, Hardwoods. . Mill, Pine, Cedar Paving Blocks ...... Steam, Circular, 16m Pine, Hem., Bl. Birch Stat e 2 Fs 0 sain eee Waubaushene mill, stm., 200m; Pt. Severn mill, water, r20m Mill, Timber Lands, Hardwoods......... Whol. and Ret. mlock, Hardwoods... Steam, Circular, 25m Steam, Circular, 4m Steam, Circular Water, Band and Circular, room Il, Moving Posts, Pine Steam, Circular, 20m. 80 M. per day, Stm., 2 Cir. Saws Toronto, Ont..........|Cache Bay, Ont....... Davidson, Hay &iCo... . 5. cee eae W. Pine, Lath, Shingles, Dim. Timber, Car Sills|Stm, 2 Band, Cir. & Gang, 140m bat ae ag Wakefield ...2.)ee8...2 S.J; Wilson @ Cow. \. 1.5). ee Pine and Hardwood, Wholesale............-... Steam, Circular, 15m. Toronto, Ont Toronto Ban, Tennant. 4 22, cierss eee Taumber, Weholesale: oc o5.0's5- yes» v-clecei gia et | = Vto = jn fele pEE ae/ 01a RRR of Toronto, Ont Toronto Donogh & Oliver ..... Luniber, Wholesales... -s- Gece. aie... as aipely se Com. Toronto, Ont Toronto Victoria Harbor Lumber Co .}3 Saw, Shingleand Lath Mills, White Pine, Whol.|Stm., Cir., Gang and Band, r4om Toronto, Ont.. .-|Toronto .. W. N. McEachren &Co.. Dumber, BWittolesalec cuir . <.2/dime. steps > OINDOUBLE OAK LEATHER——7,522 W.A.FLEMING waste. e ° e It occupies about the same Space as an ordinary planer. SOLE AGENT.FOR.CANADA. You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. - MANUFACTURED B} =~ EASTMAN LUMBER co, mms | he Parmenter Patent Dry Kiln FOR DRYING LUMBER, SHINGLES, STAVES, 57. ST FRS.XAVIER ae FRONTST E)Vi CTORIACHAMBERS MONTREAL. .( TORONTO.) OTTAWA. HEADING, ETC. £.5R 26H. a ONG. A- Zz For further information address J. S. PARMENTER, Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. Gano Lath Moning LaTHs BOLTER FITTED WITH TWO OR THREE SAWS -- IMPROVED - - i ! ht tt 5 Y means of the hand lever shown at top of machine the feed can be stopped ‘ff ff instantly. The machine is provided with supports for the lath between the saws ; c these supports prevent any short pieces of lath from breaking off and becoming stuck AS solid iron frame, geared feed roller, and heavy binding roll of large size so it will adapt itself to rough or uneven slabs. Heavy steel saw arbor is i inci : with three bearings. The outer bearing is made with a slight taper, and by leader This is the principal cause of so many Lath Saws becoming the box is easily removed for the purpose of changing saws. idagsh Py This Lath Machine is fitted with four 12 inch saws which should run about pulley is to inches diameter, 13 inches face. W eight, 1,200 lbs. Spee a 3,000 revolutions per minute and will cut fully as much, if not more, than any of saws, 2,500. == Other similar machine in the market. Weight, 800 Ibs. © ____—* THE ABOVE MACHINES ARE MANUFACTURED BY ———___e -dJ. DRAKE BELLEVILLE, ONT. os ie =v ye Swen Pee on er RNG aS ~~ — “TS hata r > a — h Sat Sint, SRR a Sead M i = ere ie 3 ‘ * t SS SP eae aa ~ * SS ', E ; Ve at re “ . } ( Se ST : Me ai rad ‘ Sater oatmeal “\) a ee En €S 3 s rE a Ae ee tes 2 he nn, SAgaen ane ea ee Ea OD hats 5 aay ee : F <) Pele Ceed aan “od i 7 hate ~~ . > oak ‘ ‘ ry" LP, i! “4a THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ms Ocroner, 1894 a - Attention! LUMBERMEN, PLANING MILL MEN, snc ————— SAOULD SEND FOR MyY—— DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES, Nos. 17 anv 18 ; CONTAININ G——— Immense List of Engines, Boilers, Iron, Wood-working and Miscellaneous Machinery —~<«<—"—_> NOTE THE ADDRESS; -~+—>>— A.W. PETRIE © xc. ee oe WAREHOUSE: 141 0,149 Front St. west, = - TORONTO DO yOu WANT “Buito TO-DAY THEN, ONO H ee AND suRE, ( , ITH & FIQM AND LE \ ci sg Bxsé.”” A Life Policy aS Longfietlow: & LIVER ee An Endowment Policy peat ee - DO YOU? An Investment Policy ee raleg tonal se whiol ate Or an Annuity Policy @ 2 / wis To BY EWS an eee wees LUMBER © Tit ONnno MUTUN LiF fa Wage * in the ISSUES TAEM ALL | ContRAcT~ OFFICE Sa ipa] _ecoro Be | Po Wage TECOR® Nos, 213, 214 and 215 | ee Wea ~=ToroNnto “14: Me well Hae Board of Trade Building A WISE AND GENEROUS PLAN. fenders from The Our Annuity Endowment bes is, ener ie | annual income to yourself durin best coretractors. O lO Nn O a ity of the Policy or to your family at earlier death; and | 9 e the Annuity Life Policy guarantees a sure income to your family during 20 years after your death; first pay- ment immediate. The rates are lower than on ordinary plans. A. + k. + WILLA -...S0heo Machine Worke? TORO le. MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN LL RL LL LLNS j ; Saw Mill Machinery sninglé Mill Maohinéry / Too and Veneer Mil Machinery Wood-working Machinery 3 lron-working Machinery ELECTRIC LIGHT PLANTS. LECTRIG ANOTORS. ENGINES AMD BOILERS OF ALL SUES Write for a Circular and Catalogue, mentioning this advertisement. _- STURTEVANT : DRY: KILN : PLANTS *. € LOSS SSS SSS SESS SIS EXCEL ALL OTHERS IN EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY. SEND FOR Srey STURTEVANT DRY KILN CATALOGUES. A. R. WILLIAMS © Soho Machine Works - TORONTO j | | mil TORONTO, ONT., NOVEMBER, 1894 { SRSe Ja08 Eee ee \ SInGLE Copies, 10 CENTS MAGNOLIA MEGAL IN USE BY res TF cadine Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND AMI, MACHINERY BEARINGS eee AC NOLITA METAL Co. ma LONDON NGHIGAGO'ORFIGE., WRADERS” BUILDING & CO., AGENTS ce Cortlandt St. s NEW yo RR i “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE Johnson Electric Gompany 3 WR "The Morse” —is the only machine in the market that will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. Saw Mill Owners and others requiring PERFECT ARC AND T x INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LIGHTING PLANT should com- . eas , = EX municate with us . ‘SS naan ie Ix WE CAN OFFER SPECIAL BARGAINS FOR BEST APPARATUS ; : SEVERAL SECOND-HAND DYNAMOS and LAMPS IN STOCK AT BARGAIN PRICES Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHERS | w. a. sonnson, 34 York Street, TORONTO «Reliance Works,’”? - MONTREAL. Wanager. GEO. GORMAGK Wholesale and Retail Dealer in John Bertram & Sons | Cc. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND CANADA TOOL WORKS J. L. Goodhue & 60. DUNDAS - ONTARIO. MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF a} Fs BE ——— eeese > Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING eves ————e M R write us e en nas bee we will AND L ACE LE ATHER LUMBER SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS BY RAIL OR VESSEL CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. Danville, irs. WHITBY, ONTARIO ) Z Sy NS - FACTORY: Phone 5120 Drag 534-536 Dundas Street TORONTO, ONT. —— AND == MONTREAL, b. ie BUPNS Saw 60. - ais a oo | Gang Mill, —AND Grosscut Saws “THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED —= : (@j0) ~ * 93 y NOVEMBER, 1894 What Some of Our Gustomers Say... | OF THE PPBESCOTT JYILL IBAEHOOOHEOE | Penson Faris, Ont, Sept. 4, 1894. Messrs. Tue Wm. Hamitton Mec. Co., Peterborough, Ont. GentLtemen: Replying to your inquiry as to how the mill is running, would say that the Prescorr Bann Mis (No. 3) are fully up to our expectation and give splendid satisfaction. We.can heartily recommend same to those in need of Band Mills. We shall enlarge our mill this winter by putting in at least one more of the Prescott No. 3. You have our permission te use this letter at any and all times as a recommendation for your mills. Would be pleased to show our mill to intended purchasers. Yours truly, J. W. Howry & Sons. . Peg Je) H. Swan: | ; Orraws,oept. 1s) ¥89q. Meresese tee Wu. Hamitrton Mec. Co., Peterborough, Ont. Gentitemen: Regarding machinery supplied by you for our new Edinburg mill, would say that the two Prescott Band Mills have given us the utmost satisfaction. The Carriages are first-class, being strong and accurate and up to the times. The Garland Edgers are fast and easily handled ; the Log Deck and Canters operated by compressed air are all right ; in fact, all the machinery supplied by you has given us entire satisfaction. Yours truly, W.-C. Epwarps & Co. Per G. Gilroy. Hawxessury Mitts, Sept. 3, 1894. Messrs. [ne Ww. Hamitton Mrc. Co., Peterborough, Ont. - Gentiemen: We have had one of your Prescott Band Mills (manufactured at Peter- borough) in use at our mills here for two seasons, and beg to say that we are fully satished with the work done by it, and we would recommend it to intending purchasers as being in Our opinion equal to or superior to any other mill that we know of. You are at liberty to use our testimony, or we will cheerfully answer any references made to us directly. Yours truly, Hawkessury Lumper Co., Lrop. Hiram Rosrnson, Managing- Director. ©~ Write us for Gatalogue and descriptions of the different sizes we manufacturé ~© THE WM. HAMILTON MFG. GO., LIMITED PETERBOROUGH. ONT. “4 THE CANADA Sea ee LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 189 LUMBER. HEMLOCK, WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE, GYPRESS, YELLOW POPLAR, RED OAK, WHITE OAK, SPRUGE, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, WASHINGTON SPRUGE AND FIR. O~— OFFICE = J. W. MAITLAND H. RIXON ———W. STODART J. G. AINSILE MAITLAND, RI RIXON & CO, OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, GEDAR AND HEMLOGK ° - Quotations furnished on application WE MAKE A... eee SPECIALTY OF USE SOMETHING GCOD — EERLESS | erin SAW MILLS } SUPPLIED SPHCUARIEY. WITH liven AGira@eeae . Heavy Quality BE coe GN SIXTEEN RBASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM SAMUELROGERS 5 60. S BAND SAWS BREAK Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to ‘use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of - properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and is handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. PLAIN AND QUARTER- -SAWEBD WHITE AND RED OAK AND YELLOW POPLAR A SPECIALTY. ROOM 23, SCHMERTZ BUILDING, 86 WATER STREET, PITTSBURGH, PA. 4 so fo LAgin HEMLOGK, SPRUGE, POPLAR, WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE AND GYPRESS SHINGLES, - HEMLOGK, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, WHITE PINE, WHITE GEDAR, — RED GEDAR and GYPRESS F. E. DIXON BELTING GO. MANUFACTURERS OF otar Rivet Léathér Belting WRITE FOR 70 ning St. East, Toa DISCOUNTS «( GALT NAGHINE INE WORKS > | SS ad OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting =—=Send for Price ict PETER HAY, Gala i V4 OAMPBELL BROS. ST. JOHN, N.B. MANUFACTURE THE FINEST QUALITY OF AXES - HATGHETS - ADZES - ETC. . FOR THE USE OF. Lum bere Send for Price List = Works: 18 & 20 Smythe St. 35 cents buys it SCRDERS LUMBER wo L0G BOOK SAVES TIME Every Lumberman wants it SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : PRACTICAL INFORMATION THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto tario trade, than to follow the old line. trade here, not some of its drawbacks. commencing to work out practically, and we find there T# CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumE XV. NuMBER II. BY THE WAY. HERE are various sides to free trade in lum- ber. Only some three months have passed over since the Wilson Bill actually became law, and within that period, discussion and speculation on the question has sometimes waxed warm, and certainly has been voluminous. In other ways, and elsewhere in LUMBER- MAN columns, we have within these three months, dis- cussed the more serious and larger phases of the ques- tion. Let us, by the way, look at some of the side lights that reflect their rays upon the larger subject. ene xX When free lumber was a subject of agitation, but had not become law, our friends to the south of us, saw noth- ing but ruination to the lumber business, and perhaps it is that Canadian lumbermen were lop-sided in their vision, seeing only the benefits that would come to the Now things are are two sides to the shield in this case, as there are in almost every case. Mr. Meaney, of Robt. Thompson & Co., states in the Eli page that his firm at the Windsor office, are bringing supplies from Michigan, in place of, as had been their custom, having the lumber forwarded to them, from their mills in the north. There is enough difference in freight rates to make it pay this firm better to get their supplies in this manner for their western On- Business of this character is not being done alone by the one firm. Word reaches us, that ‘a Bay City firm has made a sale of 1,- 000,000 feet of Jumber for shipment to Canada, the logs from which this lumber was manufactured, having been cut in Michigan. Another Windsor concern, Who have been buying in this manner, for their Canadian trade, is Piggott & Sons. Mr. Piggott was interviewed about the transaction, and made the following statement: “Here- tofore, I have got all my lumber from the Canadian mills ‘on the Georgian bay, but as the duty has been taken off I thought I could do better in Michigan, and I find that I can. We now have free trade in lumber. In my opinion this will be a splendid thing for both countries, as we dealers can now buy either logs or lumber in the cheapest market and sell in the dearest.” There seems to be, no doubt, that a good deal of Michigan lumber will come into western Ontario in this manner. } rae x X Again, lumber is coming into Canada from the Duluth territories. Weare told of red pine from Duluth that is already on the market in competition with white pine from our own mills. At Grand Marais, 110 miles from Duluth, lumbering operations are nore active this fall than usual. 3,000,000 feet of logs are being got out there by a local firm, and these are coming over to this country to Port Arthur mills. Since lumber and logs were made free into Canada, the Duluth people say there has grown up a business of no small importance in this direction, and not less than thirty-five million feet of logs have been towed across the lake from Ashland and other points in Duluth to Port Arthur mills. Manitoba has always drawn its supplies to some extent, from northern Minnesota, in many respects, this being their natural source of supply, and with free lumber, there is no doubt, but that there will be considerable lumber _ brought into this province in that manner. © ‘this fall, since the removal of tariff on lumber. Quoting the Mississippi Valley Lumberman: “It is a fact, that Minnesota lumbermen are selling lumber in Manitoba This “seems to be a result of free trade, directly opposite of _ universal expectation.” a sort of see saw business going on there. eee OCP We go further west to British Columbia, and we find : British Columbia mills are, in some cases, finding it an advant- TORONTO, ONT., NOVEMBER, 1894 { Ters MS, $1.00 PER YEAR \ SincLe Cortes, 10 CENTS age to import their logs from Washington territory, and instances of the kind are recorded in our news columns this month. The shoe, on the other hand, if that is not a paradox, is pinching the lumbermen of San Francisco, as British Columbia mills find free trade is going to give them a good opportunity to do business in California. Three British Columbia mills have already established agencies in San Francisco, and they will push trade in that territority. The California market, is, according tothe Puget Sound Lumberman, the most important the mill men of Washington and Oregon caterto. It took from the state of Washington in 1893, 195,874,060 feet of lum- ber, or 14,101,622 feet more than was shipped by rail and to foreign points combined. This market takes many of the commoner grades of lumber which cannot be shipped east or to foreign points, and which would be unsaleable but for the California demand. Puget Sound people accordingly are squealing at this turn in affairs. Contrariwise, it is among the possibilities, if free lumber is to be considered a fixture, that some time in the future United States lumbermen may cross over from Wash- ington territory and elsewhere, and establish mills in British Columbia, just as Michigan men have come into Ontario. eo oes es There is a phase of the tariff question, as effecting British Columbia, that is not very pleasant to the people there. Our correspondent from New Westminster notes the fact that a Customs officer has decided that Canadian cedar going into the United States 1s subject to a duty of 25 percent. The particular clause on which this decision rests reads; ‘Except boards, plank, deals and other lum- ber of cedar, lignum-vitae, lance wood, ebony, box, gran- adilla, mahogany, rosewood, satin wood, and all other cabinet woods.” So good an authority as the Timber- man, of Chicago, says: “It is evident, of course, that the cedar referred to in this clause is, or should be the cabinet wood cedar and not the red cedar of the Pacific coast, which is a building wood of similar quality and value to white pine, spruce, fir, and not a cabinet wood at all; but the Custom house officials do not propose to exercise any such discretion in the interpretation of the - paragraph, and take it literally, and therefore are impos- ing the duty.” The funny part of the business is, and it gives strength to the view of the Timberman, that cedar lumber was formerly under the McKinley Act, dutiable at 15 per cent., while this new tariff interpretation in- creases instead of diminishes the duty. Both Wash- ington and Ottawa are being communicated with in re- gard to the matter and in a little time the decision will be known. Inthe meantime the Puget Sound lumber- men are doing all they can to see that the present deci- sion of a local Customs man shall be made final. ee THE item embodied in our Ottawa correspondence of this month, that the dues charged by the Quebec government on spruce logs are to be levied indiscrimi- nately, whether for home use or for export, will be wel- come news to the lumber trade as removing one possible cause of interference with the new United States tariff. It is in order for the Controller of Customs to arrange his part of the house so as to make things pleasant, and legislators at Washington will be doing the correct thing to make the tariff re. British Columbia cedar read as it was intended to read, applying only to the cabinet wood cedar, without reference to the red cedar of the Pacific Coast. PROBABLE CUT IN DULUTH. Oo opinion given forth as to conditions in Duluth and Minnesota, the coming season, and their effect on Canada, is this: “ There will be no lumbering of consequence done this coming winter in the territory north of the height of land in mills. this state for Canadian Heretofore the quantity of timber cut and floated down the streams northward into Rainy River and across the Lake of the Woods to the mills at Rat Portage and vicinity has varied from 20,000,c00 to 40,000,000 feet annually. This season the only work done in this region will be the cutting of 6,000,000 feet that is under contract made years ago, and so is forced on the market. It is stated that by reason of the low price of wheat and other products of the Canadian Northwest, the combined mills of Rat Portage and neighborhood, which cut from 60,000,000 to 80,000,000 feet a year, have marketed so far this season only about 22,000,000 feet. The timber in the district from which these Canadian mills got their supply is the best in Minnesota, and therefore it has gone onlyto them. The present dullness in the trade there, however, will have a direct influence in opening a permanent market for it in this state.” A PIECE OF ANTIQUE OAK. SMALL block of white oak on the editor’s desk, says Hardwood, suggests possibilities in the direc- tion of added beauty and variety to this princely wood. The block in question is one and one-quarter inches thick, and three inches wide by six inches long with vertical grain. It is over 200 years old, and is a piece of a war ship built by King Christian IV, of Denmark, and named Trefoldigheden, (The Trinity). In the naval battle of Kolbergerheide, July 1, 1664, the Trinity was King Christian’s flagship, he commanding the fleet. The king was a pugnacious, doughty old fighter and a terror on the sea. The fight was hot and the old sea dog forced it with all his usual vigor. During the hot- test part he engaged two of the enemy’s ships at once with the Trinity, and while on the deck bare headed and powder stained, urging on his gunners, a shot from the enemy tore off a splinter from the mainmast which struck him in the right eye, completely destroying the sight. Stunned for but a moment, he rallied, and bind- ing a handkerchief over his torn and bleeding eye, he went on with the fight more ferociously than ever. The ship was finally badly damaged, and, setting the example our own Perry followed nearly two centuries later, he launched his boats and transferred his flag to another ship and won the battle and sailed to Copenhagen in triumph, taking the crippled ship Trinity with him. The ship was repaired and served in many a fight there- after, and survived for more than a hundred years, when, in 1792 worn out and battered, the game old hulk was burned to the water’s edge and sunk in the harbor of Copenhagen. There the stout oak timbers and planks remained in a fitting grave for such a gallant thing until in 1881 it was discovered while repairs were being made to the docks of the city, and it was raised and taken to pieces and portions preserved. One of these venerable relics is the piece of oak here referred to. It is as sound as when cut in the northern forest more than 250 years ago, and the grain and texture are as though cut but yesterday; but the color is as black as ebony, and the weight is fully one-half more than that of newly cut white oak. It is evidently susceptible of a very light polish, and ornamented with the monogram of the grim old king, it makes a handsome paper weight. KIND WORDS. Knox Bros., Gladstone, Man.: ‘We consider the CANADA LUMBERMAN the best publication to which anyone engaged in the lumber trade can subscribe.” Jos. Bedford, Richmond, Que.: “I am pleased to tell you that the CANADA LUMBERMAN is improving every year. The subscription of $1.00 is far too low for all the good information we get from it,” a eee Jee: F ’ ag % 6. | . TEEH CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER A SUCCESSFUL MILL MAN. some dozen or more filers and half as many sawyers' @ in a twist ; and as the guide liners were hardened s By JUNIUS IN ‘‘ WOOD WORKER.” A MAN has much to learn after he can place the log on the carriage and gig it back and forth to the saw, before he is asawyer. He must practice the three A’s (alertness, activity, accuracy) for both himself and the saw ; the saw will be accurate enough if the sawyer knows how to be on the lookout for it and make it do accurate work. The saw should have nothing to do (that is, no force to overcome) but to saw lumber. I have been in mills where the saws would not make an accurate line for hours at a time, but the sawyer (?) seemed to think it was running all right. The lines might all be about par- allel, but none were straight, the saw being subjected to hundreds of pounds side strain at every line. This is true more particularly of band saws, as the circular will generally make such vigorous protest if there is any con- siderable side friction, that some one about the mill must find the trouble if the sawyer does not know ; but the band saw will stand it a while, until it cracks all to pieces or the planer foreman makes a “kick” against the “scoops” and lumps on the lumber. Bets as fre- quently happens, the filer gets “jacked up” by whoever is in authority, and he in turn lays the blame on the saw- yer, and if the foreman is not capable of deciding who is at fault he says the saws are “no account” (and they cannot deny it); but it generally ends in the filer or the sawyer, or both, “ taking a walk.” It seems to me an easy matter to fix the responsibility for bad sawing where it belongs. There need be no controversy about it. The sawyer and filer should both be able to tell by the kind of lines the saw makes wheth- er it is properly fitted and tensioned or not, and by its behavior and the noise it makes while in the cut, whether it is the fault of the saw, track, guides, head-blocks, set- works, or from any other cause it makes uneven lines. It is the sawyer’s duty to know how to put his track in line and level across, and to properly adjust the mill and guides and keep them in perfect condition, so that ifa saw does not “saw wood and say nothing,” he can say to his filer: ‘‘ Here are the levers ; if you will take hold and prove the fault is in the machine, or my handling of it, I will gladly admit it.” The filer should be able to tell when his saws are all right, and be capable of taking hold of the mill and proving it. If the sawyer and filer work in harmony they can aid each other very materially, as sometimes a difficulty comes up that is new to one or both of them, and if they are “at outs,” each one laying the blame on the other, they are not likely to find the trouble very soon ; but if both are trying to locate the cause, there is a good chance of finding it. Some time ago I called the sawyer’s attention to some thick and thin lumber that I found on the truck, and suggested that the set-works were not correct, as each board was of even thickness from end to end and the lines straight, but some of the boards were of proper thickness and others too thin. I also spoke to the filer about it, although it-was evidently not the fault of the saw. They were warm friends and both interested in having the lumber correct. One would saw while the other watched. The filer soon detected the offset in making the uneven lines. It was a poorly-devised affair connected by a belt, which, unless kept very tight, would slip at one time and not at another. The sawyer, being used to running a circular mill where the off-set is not used, did not think to look for the trouble there, but the filer, having had experience with off-sets on band mills, knew they sometimes did not work right, and readily found the cause of the uneven lines. My friends accuse me of making a hobby of this work of keeping the track and mill in perfect condition, but as I have ridden it to success on more than one occasion, I may be pardoned for believing it very éssential. I will relate my experience on one of these occasions, as it may help some poor filer out of difficulty, and the beginner may learn to avoid it. Some years ago I had some correspondence with a firm with a view to running its mill by the thousand, and finally went to see the firm and the mill; I found a band mill ina bad shape. It had been running about a year “offand on” (more “ off” than on | would judge, from the looks of the saw book, which I afterwards looked ove1) and had “ frozen out ” (that is, they recommended themselves as such to the fim). The building had been put up by contract and | the machinery put in on a guarantee of 40,000 feet per day, but so far have failed to come up to it by 10,000 ft., and had resulted in a compromise price being paid for _ \, and sawyers. its The filer I found at work was about ready to “ pack his kit,” as he claimed the sawyer was trying to “down” him and that there was nothing fit to work with in the filing room—which was true, as he had it arranged. I told him I was something of a filer myself, but was not looking for work of that kind. He remarked that | or any other man could have his job, as he did not want to lose his reputation on the old trap. It was a question with me whether he would not have been better off with- out that article, such as it was, but as he was a large man and ina bad humor, I said nothing, as I was not looking for a sore head either. Saiz Fic. 1, an excellent man (and is at present a personal friend of mine) and had been successful with circular mills for the company, but confessed to knowing nothing of band mills. We failed to agree on running the mill by the thousand. As I was leaving, the head of the firm asked me how I would like to take the filing room, stating that the man they had was then on trial and they wanted to give him a fair'chance to show what he could do, but rather thought he would not stay long. I arranged with him to let me know if the filer quit and I would name a price that I would come for. In a few days the filer left and I engaged to take his place for one month. I went out to the mill and found it shut down for want of saws, all of them being cracked more or less and only one good braze inthe let. I teutioned the one and brazed two others the first day, which gave mea “set” to work with. The superintendent came into the filing room the first evening and remarked that he supposed I “ would want to change everything around in the filing room, as all the rest of the filers had done,” to which I assented. He wanted to know if I had enough saws ready to start up in the morning. I replied that so far TT SS in Wide FIG, 3. as the saws were concerned we might make a start, but 1 wanted to look over the mill and track before I put on a saw to start. He thought the mill and track were all right, as the millwright had lined them up a short time before, but I told him I preferred to see for myself and “short time). mill can imagine how this mill must have run, and there The superintendent was 4 My success in this case was due as much to havi ‘ the blame on the saw when it makes a bad line ; be su I would try and get ready to start Monday morning . (this was Thursday evening). They had just employed a new sawyer, who proved to be a competent man, and under my directions he went to work the next morning to put the mill in good shape. I found the track timbers were 6 x 12 inches, in spans of ten feet, so I put in 6x1 inch “shores” from the ground up to the middle of each timber, to prevent springing down from the weight of the carriage and log, and also put in side braces to prevent side spring. The steel T- rail track was so loose it was about ready to fall over, so I put in longer lag-bolts and in addition put in angle- head bolts through the timbers to help hold the rail solid (see a, Fig. 1). I found the track crooked sidewise from ¥ inch to % inch and “in wind” up and down as much or more. The back end of the lower wheel shaft (eight feet long) was 1 inch farther away from the track than the front or wheel end, and to overcome this “lead” the guides . were set straight with the track, causing the saw to run it was easy to account for the cracked saws and brok en « brazes. (I replaced the steel liners with brass ones ina j One who knows any thing about a band is no trouble to account for the frequent changes of filers Ihave no doubt that among the lot of filers there were some who knew how to tension and fit the saws, but they missed it sadly in not oe the condition of the mill. The putting up of the mill fra was a shoddy piece of work—not a mortise or ‘camel dl the braces nailed in so that it was necessary to line about every two weeks. I remained my month out a two more, as filer, when the company started a circ mill at another location, placing the superintendent the band mill in charge of it. 1 took charge in his pla at his earnest solicitation, and run it satisfactorily for a year. the mill, guides and track in good shape, as it was i having properly-fitted saws. Do not be too hasty to that your part of the work is all right before you con- demn that of the filer. It 1s a simple job to put a track in line and level if it has been properly put down (I will | give my plans for putting down a track in a chapter on millwrighting.) It is two straight lines, level across and — parallel with each other, and square with the mill, ifa ~ band mill, or with the front of the saw a little nearer the track than the heel, if a circular mill. This is called “lead.” The amount of “lead” necessary is a matter | of opinion. Some successful sawyers run with %-inch in 20 feet, and others equally successful run without any. In levelling up a track the “shims” or wedges used — should be put in between the track timbers and the © cross-sills, and should be the full width of the track tim- — bers. Ihave found it a good plan to use wide shingles : when it requires much of a raise, starting one in from — each side, allowing them to meet or lap in the middle of the cross-sill. After the low places are all wedged up level, drive a six-penny nail into each wedge just out- side of the cross-sill and up into the track timber, leav- ing it out %-inch so as to get a hold on it with a claw- hammer when necessary to again move the wedges. These nails prevent the wedges working loose and com- ing out. To line the track, take a fine fishing line (a knitted silk or linen line is best) and stretch tightly from one end of the V track to the other, from nails placed in a cleat as shown at a, Fig 2, the cleat toe-nailed to the track tim- — ber. If the iron does not extend to the end of the track _ timbers, a spike can be driven at the end of the iron to attach the line to, and the cleats will not be necessary. To the under side of the straight edge (4, Fig. 3) naila block to fit the bevel of the V track at ¢, the end of the straight-edge just even with the outside edge of the iron top, as shown at d, and just touching the line. It is evi- dent if you adjust the track along so that the end of the straight edge just comes up to the line, that the track will be in perfect line. The end of the straight-edge should be tapered to almost an edge up and down, to- adjust the line nicely. As I have said, this is all very simple, so much so indeed that I had almost concluded | to not mention it in these papers, but I have seen such clumsy attempts at lining up tracks with coarse lines _ (twine strings and other botching contrivances) that per- haps this description of a neat and accurate way of doing it will not be space misused. A BROKEN TOOTH. fe mend a cast. gear having a broken tooth the pro-— per method is to dovetail in an iron, taking care not — to sink the tooth into the rim deeper than can possibly be avoided, as it weakens the wheel very much. Cut the ; dovetail wedging from one side to the other to give ae chance to fit the tooth and then coat it over with red lead and oil, and set it in solid witha hammer. Three rivets should be used in securing the tooth in place, as every form of a screw will work loose ; then the tovth can be faced off with the wheel and brought to its true form by means of a template. But alas! how many are patched up by drilling three radial holes into the rim and setting in pins as tight as possible, and the wheel set going, after they have been pointec off a trifle. . a _ Novemprr, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN a | LUMBERING IN NEW BRUNSWICK. [Special correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. THEN New Brunswick people speak of the North Shore they.generally have in their mind the north- eastern portion of the province, or, to be more exact, that portion contained in the counties of Restigouche, Gloucester and Northumberland. It is in these coun- ties that the most extensive lumbering operations in the province are carried on, so that the expression “ North Shore lumbermen” has come to be pretty well known throughout the maritime provinces. Along the Mira- michi, the Restigouche and the Nepisiguit rivers, and their numerous tributaries, are situated a number of the largest and best-equipped saw mills in Eastern Canada, Then there is a large number of smaller mills scattered all over the country, some stationary, many portable, a ‘number sawing boards and deals, others manufacturing shingles and laths exclusively. Every winter the own- ers of these mills send hundreds of men and teams into the woods. They are there from about the first of Novem- ber until the last of March or the first of April. Many of them are never home during this time. Their supplies are brought by regular supply teams and the five months are given up to lumbering in the strictest sense of the word. So soon as the ice breaks up in the streams the men are re-engaged for the drives, and so eight or ten weeks are spent in getting the logs to the mills or into the booms or ponds, or wherever the owner desires them to be placed. Sawing generally begins along the latter part of May and continues until the supply of logs is ex- hausted, or until navigation closes. This year the larger number of the mills closed down early in the season, having no more stock on hand. The lumber cut last winter was much smaller than usua!. All the old logs having been used, the booms and ponds are practically empty. Thisis an abnormal condition of affairs, and because of it the lumber cut along the North Shore will be larger this winter than it has been for several years. There is another reason why these operators will carry on a larger business this winter than they did last. The United States market now stands open tothem. While the recent tariff changes will not benefit them directly they will indirectly. It is thought that the Quebec and Ontario lumbermen will take advantage of the new law respecting Canadian lumber and find a market for their product in the large American cities, instead of shipping to Great Britain as they have been doing. This action on the part of the Quebec and Ontario oper- ators will give the North Shore lumbermen an oppor- - tunity to sell in the British market. The North Shore mills can quite properly be grouped under three heads, viz: those on the Miramichi river and its tributaries, those on the Nepisiguit river, and the mills situated along the Restigouche river. Probably the most extensive operations are carried on along the Miramichi. The greater number of mills are situated along this river, the annual cut is larger, and the amount of lumber shipped from than port is larger than that sent out from any other North Shore port. Wm. Richards is one of the largest operators in the province. He hasa mill at Chatham on the Miramichi, another at Boisetown on a branch of this rivet and a third mill at Campbellton on the Restigouche. He ships about 3o,- 000,090 feet annually. - Senator J. B. Snowball owns a large mill at Chatham. _ He gives employment to 650 men here. A short time _ ago he purchased the old Sweeney mill at Tracadie. The senator has had this mill thoroughly repaired and has cut some. He expects to cut 8,000,000 feet next _ year in this mill. It has been idle for several years. Clarke, Skillings & Co. have a large spool factory at _ Newcastle on the Miramichi. This firm has shipped _ 1,000,000 feet of birch to Scotland this year. James Aiton owns a spool factory at Bartibogue on this river ; ‘probably does about half as much business as the other firm. ‘There is at Chatham a sulphite fibre mill that has n running for five years. It has a capacity of 4o ited States. The old Stewart mill at Black Brook, six miles from Shatham, is owned by the Bank of Montreal. They This factory employs 150 hands. are trying to sell, and it is not known whether or not it will run next year. Some of the other mills on the Mir- amichi are Hutcheson’s at Douglastown, Burchill, Flepp, and Sergeant at Nelson and D. & J. Ritchie and Hick- son at Newcastle. These are all large operators. Alex. Gibson has extended the Canada Eastern Railway to Black Brook, so that the mills there can now ship by rail across the province to the United States or by water to England. The bulk of the lumber cut on the Miramichi 1s ship- ped to the British market ; a portion, however, goes to France, Africa, and a few odd cargoes to the Canary Is- lands. About the only thing shipped to the United States is laths. At Bathurst, on the Nepisiguit river, are to be found the headquarters of the St. Lawrence Lumber Co., of which Senator K. F. Burns is the managing director. This company is registered in London under the English Joint Stock Companies Act. Besides its offices at Bath- urst and at Bersimis on the St. Lawrence, it has others at London and Liverpool, and agencies at Paris, Mar- seilles and Bordeau, France, and at Carthagena, Spain. Its most important property is on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, near Bersimis. Here it controls 775 square miles of timber lands, including what Senator Burns declares is the largest and best spruce property in the world. The Company’s New Brunswick property embraces some 300 square miles of timber lands, with a mill at Bathurst and another on the line of the Caraquet Railway. The aggregate cut is about 12,000,000 feet in aseason. Itis shipped principally to the British Islands. About three-fourths of the Bathurst export is spruce and one-fourth pine. The pine is said to be the finest pro- duced in the province. This company’s Bathurst mill has a capacity of 65,000 feet daily ; as it runs both day and night the total out- put for the 24 hours is about 120,000 feet. The com- pany employ here and at the Burnsville mill some 200 men. J. P. Burns is manager of this mill. There are first-class wharves near the mill and large three-masted schooners can load at the mill without any difficulty. On account of a bar square-rigged ships cannot get in to the wharf, and the lumber has to be scowed out to them. The cut of lumber in this county will be very little ifany heavier than last season. The shingle makers have large stocks on hand and the demand is slow. O. F. Stacey has a shingle mill at Bathurst that cuts 5,000,000 annually. A. E. Alexander, K. Shines, David Richards, A. G. Wallace, Wm. Currie and J. P. Mowat are the largest operators on the Restigouche. The Ontario Lumber & Milling Company has purchased large tracts of timber limits in the Restigouche region and talk of building large mills at Campbellton. It is not yet determined whether or not they will proceed with this work. By this article it will easily be seen that lumbering along the North Shore assumes large proportions, and is the chief industry in that part of the province. Hun- dreds of men and teams are employed the year round ; many others are employed six or seven months out of the year. The land is not generally adapted for agricul- ture and it has not been carried on on anything like an extensive scale ; in fact, agriculture has been neglected. The inhabitants depend upon the lumber industry al- most exclusively. There was a sale of crown lands at Fredericton the other day, when twelve berths were sold. The upset price is $8 per square mile. A six mile berth was knocked down to F. Stancliffe, Montieal, at $53.50 a mile. F. B. Coleman purchased a 4% mile berth on the Miramichi at $56.50 a mile. A 4% mile berth on the Restigouche was sold to Jas. H. Moores for $30.50 per mile. From the above it will be seen that timber lands along the North Shore are rapidly increasing in value. A. H. McCCREADY. St. JOHN, N. B A prominent buyer and handler of staves said not long ago that there was plenty of money lost to stave manufacturers by carelessness in putting the staves in shape for the market. He said that staves which were put up neatly and compactly in bundles sold for more and sold quicker than those which came into market loosely tied and lacking in tidy appearance.—Coopers’ Journal. TALKS WITH WOOD-WORKERS. Seg to treat the face of hardwood joinery, says a writer in Timber Trades Journal, frequently re- quires much consideration and deserves a passing notice. In the case of oak the action of the atmosphere would tone it down admirably; but this takes time and the first appearance of newness is often removed by the fumes of ammonia, which can be regulated to produce any desired shade, and the treatment is a good one when the work is not subject to much handling ; where it is, however, beeswax and turpentine are generally applied afterwards, as otherwise the damp heat ofthe hands will leave dark marks ; care must, however, be taken that as much of the wax is rubbed off as possible, or the work will very probably turn yellow in time. cation the oak will cease to darken, as the wax fills up the pores and prevents any further action of the air. Beeswax and turpentine alone also produce good results on most hardwoods when well iubbed in and a pleasant surface is the result, much the same as the light polish seen on an egg-shell. This treatment is also particular- ly useful for floors. These, however, require periodical attention. Simple oiling is never satisfactory. French polishing is a very general treatment, but is too well known-to need any description. It is of the most vital consequence to remember that damp plays havoc with seasoned woodwork, causing it to swell and warp. It is therefore fatal to put it against damp walls ; when it is impossible for these to have time to dry, the wood should be well coated at the back with a damp-resisting preparation and not be fixed close against the wall. Keke 0% A good preparation for preserving tools from rusting is made by the slow melting together of six or eight parts of lard or one of resin, stirring until cool. This remains semi-fluid, ready for use, the resin preventing rancidity and preventing an air tight film. Rubbed on a bright surface ever so thinly, it protects and preserves the polish effectually, and it can be wiped off nearly clean if desired, as from a knife blade, or it may be thinned with coal oil or benzine. KO Ge EX Only aborn genius, says “Job” in London World, can put a fine edge on a woodcutting tool invariably. This truth 1s not known to many foremen and owners, most of whom take it for granted that, because an operator uses wood-cutting tools, he naturally and necessarily knows how to do all that is required to be done to keep them in the best possible condition for work. The owner or foreman who would like to know whether all such tools are properly and perfectly edged has an interesting bit of investigation before him. He may rest assured that a thorough examination of the edged tools in his plant will startle him. KEES. OX Embossing machines are jumping to the front in woodworking in a way that must surprise the moss- backs and old fogies, as well as those very remarkable faddists and high-industrial-art purists who contend that any change from the old, slow, irregular and expensive hand-carving is a degredation of art and should be frowned down. There will always be a demand for hand-carved woodwork of the finest sorts. Wealthy people can and will pay for such work, and there is no danger that fine carving will soon become a lost art. In that view of the situation it is not exactly plain that so fine and so cheap a substitute for carving as embossing really is should be called a “degradation of industrial art.” On the other hand, embossing really is a move- ment upward for the majority of the people of this country.» The people on the whole are beginning to admire and desire finer furniture and woodwork. Un- able to buy the expensive hard carved work, they can satisfy their awakened and elevated tastes with the beautiful work done by the embossers. What possible “ degradation of art” is there in this. After this appli- JAs. —— Burnt boiler plates are due to “low water,” to a de- posit of sediment or scale, to continue impact of flame caused by leaks of air through the masonry, and when a seem is just back of a bridge wall ; but sometimes it is caused from an incrustation, or soap formed from oily matter.— Power. 8 THE CANADA. LUMBH EMA = Sy NoveMBER, 1894 PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH Sts Cc. BH. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION : One Copy One. Years in advane oie. vives scccsainwiercsiv oaisieisies $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ............... ccc eeeeeeeee 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tur CaNapDA LUMBERMAN is published in the inter-==ts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Domini -, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the cummerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetruth Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the Canapa LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For Sale” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for eachinsertion. Announce: ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. THE DUTY ON BOOM LOGS. ATTENTION has been directed again to the question of the duty on boom logs, through a letter sent out by Mr. Wallace, Controller of Customs, instructing collect- ors to collect duty on boom logs and chains, used in the towing of logs from the Georgian Bay waters to Sagi- naw. This matter caused some irritation, it will be re- membered, between the governments of the United States and Canada in May and June last, with the result that the order to exact duties was withdrawn. The sup- position was that the order had been rescinded and that we would hear no more about the matter. This, how- ever, does not seem to have been Mr. Wallace’s inten- tion. He states that he simply suspended the order and referred it to the Department of Justice. In the inter- val he has been engaged in other duties and for a time was out of the country. Now, that he has returned, the matter comes before him again with the decision from the Department of Justice that the regulation is quite legal, whereupon Mr. Wallace has taken steps to see to its enforcement. Inan interview on the subject the Con- troller took the ground that it was a simple matter for United States lumbermen to escape payment of duty by complying with section 14 of the customs act, which reads partly as follows: “Any goods or packages being the growth, pioduce or manufacture of Canada, and hav- ing been exported therefrom and intended to be returned, may be admitted free of duty on being reimported into Canada, provided such goods or packages are branded or marked by the collector of customs on being export- ed.” Logs being cheaper in Canada than in the United States, Mr. Wallace suggests that lumbermen make their booms out of Canadian logs. So far as the duty on the chains used in their construction is concerned these are subject to a duty of only 5 per cent., which is not aserious matter. It has been pointed out by an Ottawa correspondent of the Globe: ‘“‘ That as the re- gulation works both ways the owners of the tugs and booms will be between two fires, because if they comply with section 14 of the Canadian customs regulations they will render themselves liable to pay customs duty on the United States side, so that if they got rid of their Ameri- can made booms to escape Canadian duty they would bring themselves under the dutiable list of the United States. Under the Wilson Bill the booms would be subjected to the duties imposed on iron chains, because where an article was made of two or more materials it is assessed at the highest rate at which the same would be chargeable if composed wholly of the component ma- terial of the cheap value. As ironis material of greater value than wood the iron duties would probably be ap- plied.” It is unfortunate, in connection with tariff affairs, that there should constantly be some trifling matter of this kind cropping up. Commerce at the best is tender- ly sensitive and does not usually benefit by the application of irritating forces. It will bea happy day, and one which will, perhaps, as much as anything else, bring commer- cial prosperity, when governments will learn the lesson that in tariff legislation, above all other classes of legis- lation, when conditions are fixed they should remain fixed. Whether one may have held to the opinion, prior to the passage of the Wilson Bill, that an export duty should have been placed on logs going out of Canada, or that these should have remained free, there was only one opinion among the level-headed men of the lumber trade, irrespective of political leanings, that an injury was done to the trade in Canada at the time that the Minister of Finance, without saying anything more, stated that he was seriously considering the question of reimposing the duty on logs. A similar view is taken of the present movement on the part of the Controller of Customs. At the most, the matter is not of any great moment, and the order having been withdrawn at the time, should have re- mained in that position for all time. The towing season, of course, is practically over for the present, so that it is hardly likely that immediate trouble will ensue. But the Controller’s action will remain as a sort of challenge throughout the coming months to the United States government, and in place of helping to solve any differ- ences of opinion that may exist in regard to the details of the tariff, as applied to lumber, and there are yet some points that are not practically clear to the trade, it will serve as a condition to widen these differences. The temper of United States lumbermen, as re- flected through the trade journals of that country, would indicate that at the next meeting of Congress efforts will be made to secure an amendment to the Wilson Bill, which would permit of retaliatory measures from Wash- ington in the case of such action as has at present been taken by Controller of Customs Wallace. One must, of course, take with a grain of salt statements made un- der circumstances of the kind, but even if modified they go to confirm what we have contended for in these com- ments that the effort of governments in all such cases should be to allay irritation, rather than to intensify it. The difficulty that exists in British Columbia, through cedar being placed on the dutiable list, and which will probably come before Congress at Washington in some shape will not be helped, so far as Canadian interests are concerned, by this trouble over boom sticks. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES, THE reductions that have been made by the Canadian Pacific Railway in freight rates on lumber from Rat Portage and Keewatin to Winnipeg and other points will be acceptable to the lumbermen of that district. Local trade, at least, will be helped. There is room for a general agitation at almost every point for more favor- able freight rates from the railways. The burden of heavy freight rates is handicapping the lumber trade of this country. Ata conference of the boards of trade of New Brunswick, held at St. John, N. B., within the month a resolution was passed calling for a special lum- ber rate on the Intercolonial railway from the North Shore points during the winter season to the open winter ports of the Maritime provinces as a means that would add greatly to the business of the railways, and would largely develop the export lumber trade and enable that section of our province to participate in the Canadian export lumber trade to the United States, West Indies, -and South American ports in the winter season. In -the Ottawa district, were it not for the Canadian _manager and treasurer. Atlantic Railway, and other local lines built largely by lumber capital, the shipping trade there, would be- handicapped even further than it is to-day. The | complaint comes to the LUMBERMAN from one of the largest lumber shippers in the east, that it would be a sorry position for the lumber trade if they were depend- ent absolutely on our two great railways. This isa con- dition of affairs that calls for a determined protest from the commercial interests of the country. The country has richly endowed these railways and enabled them — to occupy the position that they do to-day. It is about time that a measure of gratitude was shown and rates made favorable to large shippers. The answer is at hand, of course, from the railways, that their rates are as low to-day as the extent of the traffic that comes to them will permit. A reduction of these rates will extend that traffic, expand the business of the country, widen the outlet in many different-ways, and in the growth of commerce through these means no one interest would — ultimately be more benefited than our large railway sys- tem. The reduction in the Northwest alluded to repre- sent 5 %c. per 100 lbs. on C. P. R. rates on lumber from — Rat Portage to Manitoba points, and 1Jc. per 100 Ibs. from Fort William on the same commodity. EDITORIAL NOTES. THE adage is an old one that with the majority of men, the stable door is not usually locked until after the horse is stolen. After the number and extent of the losses suffered during the past summer through fire, the advice to lumbermen to keep well insured seems rather foolish. But it is by bitter experience, only, sometimes that human nature profits, and the severity of the losses in this manner should emphasize the necessity for every lumberman going at once into the matter of insurance ; figure how this compares with the value of his plant and then having fixed his insurance, henceforth watch care- fully as the premiums come due, and do not get caught with a fire twenty-four hours after a policy has expired. We write these lines in the interests of the lumbermen, and without a brief from any insurance company. A STRONG company is that which has been formed under the title of the New York and Canada Lumber Co., Ltd., with Mr. Geo. E. Dodge, president ; Mr. Titus B. Meigs, vice-president ; Mr. Robt. M. Cox, of Liver- pool, Eng., director, and Mr. Guy E. Robinson, general The offices of the Company are at 18 Broadway, New York. The thoroughly cosmo- politan character of the lumber business is shown in just such announcements as this. Its international character is indicated by the number of lumber concerns to-day operating in Canada and the United States, composed jointly of Canadian and United States capitalists. In the case of the new company named, we have a well-kown English lumberman constituting one of the company. The size of the average lumber transaction and the fact that lumber finds its way into almost all parts of the world ought to constitute it a missionary agent of con- siderable influence in making the people of one country acquainted with those of other countries, and it will, no doubt, have a tendency to broaden the views of all who have anything to do with this important commercial pro- duct. At the time of the World’s Fair, a year ago, we had occasion to note the visit to Ottawa of three promi- nent lumber merchants from Turkey, whose mission was to inspect the lumber of that district, having learned of its excellent quality, with a view of forming a business connection. Last month a visitor to our lumber markets was here from South America, and so it is, that through its lumber resources this country becomes widely known abroad and the conditions that apply here, as we have intimated, also apply elsewhere. The term of ridicule that in times past had been applied to Canada, as age “blawsted wooden country” 1s one that can be borne with good grace under all these conditions. An Ottawa lumberman says: As much speculation has been indulged in as to the value of lumber piles, an expert’s opinion might be given. Each complete lumber pile contains variously between from 16,000 to 20,000 feet, and the value of the contents ranges from $7, the lowest grade, to $30 per 1,000 feet of the very highest grade. i 'T is amusing to note how opinions vary regarding the probable outcome of tariff changes. Here is what a large manufacturer across the line has said: “‘ The duty on pine and hemlock is only $1 per thousand, and $2 on spruce ; but, even with this removal, the way prices are now, the Canadians cannot do anything here. Prices are $3 below what they were a year ago, attributable to the business depression largely and the consequent fall- ing off in the building trade. 1 do not think it will affect the car mills much, if any, at present at least. The Canadian people, you know, have been educated to deal sawing. They have been catering largely to the export trade, which calls for certain lengths and widths of lumber. These are cut to different schedules from ours. Take one of our schedules into Canada, and they would go crazy, as we are used to cutting the exact measure- ments down to the inches. The Canadians may adapt themselves to this market, but it will take considerable time, and by that time the old tariff rate may be restored, and I do not believe, with that uncertainty, that capital- ists will put their money into Canadian mills to cater to this market.” +e * * In my travels the other day, I dropped into the office of Jas. Tennant. Mr. Tennant was, at that time, out of the city, but when talking to one of the “men of the road,” I was told, that the trade was meeting some competition in lumber from the States. This :epresent- ative of the grip sack, confirmed what Mr. Meaney has stated in another column, that considerable white pine was coming in from Michigan. Healso said that a good deal of Red pine was being brought in from Lake Su- perior, and that it was cutting a larger figure in competi- tion with white pine than many dealers might suppose. It cannot fill the place of white pine for the better classes of work, but it would, in his view, prove quite a rival to the commoner grades of pine. . 03 a6 OG a “We are just moving along quietly,” said John ‘Donogh, of Donogh & Oliver. “Business is more healthy in lumber than it was before the tariff was finally passed, but the volume of trade has not increased very much. I do not anticipate that there can be much activity in trade this side of spring. While it is the case that at some lumber centres stocks on hand are somewhat large yet among the trade this is not generally the case. The fact is that dealers have for some time been pursuing steadily a hand-to-mcuth policy of buying and no one has large stocks. There is this about the tariff that it is just too soon yet to know how wide will be its benefits to Canadian lumber. None of us know exactly how things are going to turn out, and capitalists are cautious in investing in lumber. What the ultimate outcome will be I have no fears. The trade is going to mend, but this will only come about gradually.” To ot RS _ In the opinion of Mr. Page, of the firm of Page and Mallett, of Fort Kent, the cut on the American side, at the headwaters of the St. John, N. B., will be smaller than last year. There will be more lumber got out on the Canadian side, however. The stumpage in the province is cheaper, which accounts to a very consider- able degree for the bigger cut on this side of the line. Mr. Page says the following will be the quantities of lumber got out on the American side this winter: Page _& Mallett, two millions for Randolph & Baker ; C. H. Di key, a million and a half for Stentson, Cutler & Co.; hn Sweeney, a million for S. T. King & Sons ; Neil cLean, a million for Miller & Wocdman ; W. H. Cun- two anda half millions; J. A. Lavertie, a million Randolph & Baker; A. Cushing & Co., two millions; J. L. Stevens, a million and a half for E. L. Jewett; J. . Morrison, a million and a half for Hale & Murchie. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN F C. A. Nason reports Dunn Bros. & Co., will get out five millions on the Aroostock. Mr. Nason says the cut on the Penobscot, will be larger than it was at first thought it would be. Capt. J. R. Warner is authority for the statement that there were 5,000,000 feet of logs in the St. John river below the falls. There were about 3,000, ooo feet in the booms which were being rafted and would be brought to Indiantown this autumn if the water rises sufficiently. An effort would also be made to get into the booms, the lumber which is lying in the river. G. G. King, of Chipman, Queens Co., was asked to state his opinion with reference to the recent regulations in the United States tariff as affecting Canadian lumber- men. Mr. King said, he was aware that a number of provincial lumbermen gave it as their opinion that these regulations would be of no benefit whatever to Canadian operators. He did not think they knew what they were talking about. Personally he felt certain that the bene- fit would be very great. North Shore lumbermen are making preparations for the woods. Several cars of horses have been imported from Prince Edward Island for the winter’s work. The Albert county lumber oper- ators are also preparing extensively for the winter’s work. So much for lumber opinion down by the sea. ei Se ee te “Tt is the case,” said Mr. Thomas Meany, manager here for Robt. Thompson & Co., “that considerable white pine is being brought in from Michigan into Western Ontario. We have, as you know, an office at Windsor, and it pays us better to bring pine from Michigan than to freight it all the distance from our northern mills to Windsor. This is one of the amusing features of the tariff. In fact you know it has been said that we have been sending our pine to Michigan and that some of this very same pine is now coming back into our hands in the way that I indicate. How correct this statement is I am not prepared to say. We are, at least, getting pine from Michigan, wherever it may chance to have been grown. The man who expected that the new tariff was going to work only one way finds out his mistake. As Canadian lumbermen we are not at all alarmed at this form of competition. The markets of Canada and the States are now open to lumbermen of both countries and we are prepared to have the benefit of the markets of the eastern states even though a certain measure of local trade may be lost to us asa result of this privilege.” Mr. Meany says trade this fall is slow. Whilst there is more confidence and a more hopeful outlook since the change in the tariff, he does not anticipate that there will be any great activity in the lumber business until spring. The question of the grading of lumber came up in our conversation. It is one of these questions that, so far as the Canadian trade is concerned, does not settle very easily. Mr. Meany says that there are very few dealers who make any pretense of buying lumber according to inspection. Every man practically inspects his own lumber. The stuff is placed before him ; he can use his own eyes and exercise his own judgment as to the quality, and if the price asked is satisfactory and he has got the money to pay for it, that is an end of the trans- action. At one point lumber may be offered for sale and called common. Some other man will have iumber equal in quality and he will call it by some other grade, a little better, perhaps, or a little worse. I remarked to Mr. Meaney that this was a drawback to the trade and was suggestive of the necessity of lumbermen getting together and endeavoring to adopt a uniform system of inspection. Asa careful lumberman he recognizes the need for this, but was not sure just how easily the mat- ter could be handled. ea eens SNE, 3 I have been interested asa fellow scribe in the im- pressions of Canadian lumbering as recorded recently by Mr. John E. Williams, of the Northwestern Lumberman. Brother Williams, of the Windy City, has been taking a trip through Ontario, visiting Toronto, Ottawa, and some other lumber points, with the object of ascertaining what has been, or is likely to be, the effect of the Wilson tariff in putting lumber on the free list. Mr. Williams is a Re- publican in politics, and of course has his own notions of how atariffshould be constructed, and it is fair tosay these do not run parallel with the ideas of the Democratic party, though it is not an easy matter to say where that party stands on the tariff. Mr. Williams also represents a journal, which is in strong sympathy with his own political views, and which lead the “On to Washington” movement in the interest of “American lumber for Americans,” when the tariff fight was at its hottest. Knowing these things, and remembering the big bugaboo that free lumber appeared to show itself to our Chicago friend—for the warning was oft and long repeated, “the goblins will catch you, if you don’t watch out ”—the goblins being none other than those naughty and greedy Canadian lumbermen. Knowing these things, I say, I was interested to see how Chicago opinion would shape after a representative of our contemporary had rubbed shoulders for a brief period with these people who had hitherto been best painted in hobgoblin picture. Well Mr. Williams has returned to his home carrying in his grip sack the assurance to United States lumbermen that they need not scare any more over Canadian lum- ber. He says in fact to any incoming Republican Congress that they might do worse than leave undis- turbed the Wilson bill should power be again given Governor McKinley to formulate and direct tariff legis- lation. “I am of the belief, after the enquiries I have made,” says Mr. Williams, “that we rather over-estimated the importance of the Ontario and Quebec contributions to our market. When you consider that the total export to the United States from these provinces in the year ending June 30, 1893, was only 747,710,000 feet and the total export something over a billion feet, while the Chicago market alone handles annually two billion fect, you will see that the effect upon the trade of the United States cannot be very disturbing.” So far as dressed lumber is concerned, this opinion is expressed: “I in- quited of some of the Ottawa lumbermen whether they were not looking for some trade in dressed lumber. But they seem to be in doubt as to the fate of the dressed lumber part of the new tariff if the Republicans win at the next election. In the meantime while the uncertainty lasts they do not care to incur the expense necessary to push that part of the trade. For myself I think there 1s good cause for caution, and that dressed lumber, as it was more than your lumbermen expected, will be found to be more than will meet the approval of the next Government in power at Washington. As for sawn lumber, it isa raw material, and in sympathy with the general feeling favorable to the free entry of raw products the Republicans would have put it on the free list, and now will leave it there.” Mr. Williams views, however, are qualified to some extent when he writes of conditions in the Georgian Bay districts, as distinct from the Ottawa and Quebec region. The reduction of the duty on box shooks from 30 to 20 per cent, while it will serve, he thinks, to keep out manufactured shooks, it will not prevent the introduction of planing mills in the Georgian Bay region for the dressing of box lumber for export. The consequences to the Saginaw Valley, will, he argues, in this connection be serious. Mr. Williams goes so far as to say—as a sort of saw- off, perhaps, to his satisfaction with conditions elsewhere—that Canadians are so zealous in their efforts to secure the transfer of both saw and planing mills to the British side, “ that customs appraisers are instructed to practically shut their eyes to all such imports notwith- standing that the duty is 35 per cent ad valorem. This circumstance discloses another phase of the insincerity of Canadian professions of indifference previous- ly referred to in these articles. The average Canuck may not be as agressive as his Yankee contem- porary, but when it comes to a show-down of compara- tive guile, the latter is not the worst sufferer.” Now Brother Williams there can be ne doubt where you hail from. When it comes to a show-down of down-right unmitigated gall, recommend me to Mr. Yank. There is an abundance of contradiction, and not a small quantity of bare-faced impudence all through Mr. Williams’ treat- ment of this free lumber enquiry, indicating that what has been written has not been in the shape of a fair, open enquiry into actual conditions, but is written for a particular constituency, and doubtless with a purpose. The quotation we have given in regard to Canadian customs officers winking at the duty on American saw and planing mill equipment coming into Canada is one sample. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] 4 gee anxiety in lumber circles for a time regarding the pos- sible outcome of the Quebec regulations discriminating against pulp-wood operators, who might export out of the pro- vince, has been set at rest by the withdrawal of the obnoxious clause by the local government. The order-in-Council, of course, was aimed at United States importers of pulp-wood asa retaliation against the duty imposed on pulp-wood, mechanically ground, or chemical, when imported into the United States from Canada. Some day this phase of the tariff will, no doubt, be fought out, as pulp manufacturers feel that it isa great in- justice to them. However, this is neither here or there, so far as present matters are concerned with lumbermen. The exodus of shantymen from the vicinity of Ottawa is still at its height, and large numbers of young men are being sent up the Gatineau and Ottawa valley to do work in the lumber camps this winter. It looks, and this opinion is entertained by many, as though the cut the coming winter would extend be- yond the average, but whether this will be the case it is hard yet tosay. There may be a good deal of activity in the shan- ties in the early part of the season. Whether this will con- tinue throughout the winter, will depend, no doubt, on devel- opments later. Large quantities of lumber are being sent out from here on the Canada Atlantic Railway, a result of the stimulus to trade through the change in the United States tariff. Though practically out of the lumber business, everyone here is interested in the undertakings of E. B. Eddy, of Hull, and the preparations he is making for the extension of his paper manufacturing business are just now being watched with in- terest. The last of the season’s logs taken down by the Upper Ot- tawa sweep are now in Fort William boom. The towing season is said to have been the heaviest on record. Two steamers have been chartered by the Export Lumber Co. to carry white pine to South America, each vessel having _ the capacity of 1,500,000 feet. The lumber is sent to Mon- treal for loading on the boats. Thomas Murray, ex-M.P.P., of Pembroke, is having liti- gation with his former partner, John: Loughrin, M.P.P Mattawa, regarding a timber limit on the Upper Ottawa. query is, who owns the limit. Of The In the meantime Mr. Murray has obtained an injunction against his old associate in business. OTTawa, CAN., Oct. 23, 1894. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CaNapa LuMBERMAN.] oe concern exists here in lumber circles over the ruling of the collector of customs at Port Townsend, that cedar in the log, squared by sawing, is dutiable at 25 per cent. ad val., and that other cedar lumber is dutiable at the same rate as other manufactures not specially provided for. There can be no doubt that this is the result of an oversight by Con- gress, but whether it can be repaired now is something that we _ will need to wait and see. When the bill was reported to the Senate a change appears to have been made, the paragraph reading as follows: ‘‘Sawed boards, planks, deals and other lumber, rough or dressed, except boards, plank, deals and other lumber of cedar, lignum vitae, lancewood, ebony, box, grana- dilla, mahogany, rosewood, satin and other cabinet woods.” It is the intention of British Columbia lumbermen to test the question by sending a carload of cedar east, and if it shall be declared at the port of export, an appeal to the treasury depart- ment will be made. At the same time they will likely petition the government at Ottawa to have the United States withdraw the impost. 5 COAST CHIPS. The Brunette Saw Mills expect to make a shipment to a southern port. The death is recorded of John White, proprietor of the Sid- ney saw mill. The firm of Hamilton & McLeod, Armstrong, has been dissolved. sash and door factory, Julius Berger, a lumber merchant of Valparaiso, South Ame- rica, has been here making purchases. Several booms of logs are being brought along from the Bru- nette Saw Mills, Royal City Mills and others. A purchase of 1,000,000 feet of spruce froma British Colum- bia mill has been made by a San Francisco firm. The first cargo of lumber from British Columbia for San Francisco is about to leave here per the American schooner Sadie. The British Columbia Logging Co., Ltd., is a new corpora- tion. Capital stock $50,000. peek J. S. Taylor, J. Cook and E. Evans. A shipment of lumbe: from the Hastings mill has gone to Calais, France, being the first shipment from a British Colum- bia port to that country. A development in free lumber is indicated by the fact that three British Columbia mills have already established agencies .at San Francisco, Cal., intending to make a vigorous push for this trade. The shingle business is as unsatisfactory as ever, stocks being heavy and the demand light. James McKim, one of the best known loggers of the Pacific coast and a resident of this province for about 9 years, coming here from Nova Scotia, met with his death a week ago while superintending the running of some logs at Howe Sound. He was struck by a heavy log bounding from the shute. Lumber freights from ports here are quoted as follows: Val- paraiso for orders, 35s.; Sidney, 37s. 6d.; United Kingdom calling at Cork for orders, 45s.; Melbourne, Adelaide or Port Pirie, 36s. 6d. to 37s. 6d.; Shanghai, 42s. 6d.; Tientsin, 55s. ; nominal South Africa, 60s.; Noumea, 40s.; Calais, 63s. 6d. Lumber for foreign points is being loaded as follows: At Hastings mill—Italian bark Cavour, 1,389 tons, for Callao ; British ship Lismore, 1,598 tons, for Buenos Ayres ; American bark Imgard, 628 tons, for Iquipi; British bark Alexander, 1,297 tons, for Calais; American schr. Moodyville; British ship Ballachulisch, 1,806 tons, for Valparaiso. Total, 6 ves- sels, 7,213 tons. The Moodyville Saw Mill Co. have constructed a logging railroad at Grief Point. By this means some of the best tim- ber limits in the province, yet untouched, will be opened out, among which is some fine Douglas fir, which it would be im- possible to take out by the old method of ox teams. It is cal- culated that the limits cover about 8,000 acres, which will be representel by probably 300,000;000 feet of timber. The con- tract for logging the claim has been awarded to the Union Log- ging Co., of New Whatcom, Wash., at $3.10 per roooft. for ten years. Perhaps 200,000,000 feet of cedar and spruce will be found on the claim. The step is an important one for the province, and if successful will likely lead to the building of other logging railroads and prove an important means of ex- panding the lumber trade of the province. New WEsTMINSTER, B.C., Oct. 18, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] LUMBERMAN’S convention for the Provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia has been called to meet at Moncton, N. B., Nov. 20. This is a new move for lumber- men here, as it will mark the first convention of the kind, per- haps, that has ever been held. Alexander Gibson lost $3,300 a fortnight ago, through his store at Marysville being burglarized. The mills are practically at the end of their season’s work. Some firms, including Snowball, Richard and Hickson, are still cutting, but this will not last any great length of time. It is anticipated, if navigation remains open pretty well along into the season, that there will be very little in the shape of stocks carried over. Steps were taken at a conference of delegates of the different boards of trade held here during the month to secure special freight rates on lumber on the Intercolonial Railway from North Shore points to St. John’s in winter. It is argued, if the rates are made favorable the trade here will be in a good position to compete with the United States for business in the West Indies and South America. always open to navigation. As a sequel to the control secured by the Dominion Coal Co in the Cape Breton coal mines, it is likely that the lumber interests of Nova Scotia will pass largely into the hands of the same capitalists. Offers, it is understood, have been made, and just so soon as parties concerned can arrive exactly at terms the transfer will take place. The business of E. D. Davidson & Sons, of Nova Scotia, has been transferred to a joint stock company. Sr. Joun, N. B., Oct. 20., 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. (Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] UMBERMEN here are not just sure where they stand as a result of the changes in the tariff. Speculation as to the ultimate outcome continues and the changes in conditions and individual experience as they develop from week to week are having their influence in shaping opinion. It is felt by some that Saginaw has seen its best days as a wholesale lumber cen- tre, and the trade of the future will be done in the yards. Michigan is also feeling the effect of competition from the Du- luth and Superior districts, where the stumpage rates are much The harbor of St. John’s is | Toronto June 16, 1890. more favorable. It is stated that the average cost of stu of the lumber cut in the Saginaw district in the last ten is about $7.00, whereas $3.00 would cover the Lake Superior stumpage. Lumbermen here are keeping up prices, and this fact, of course, is doing something to make trade slow, as lum- ber at other points is being sold at a lower figure. But our people here have confidence in the outcome of the trade and are not disposed to break prices. The decision, it is recog- nized, is a wise one, if our people can hold on long enough. — BITS OF LUMBER. W. C. McClure, who has been up in the Duluth section, is one authority for the statement that prices are lower there than at Saginaw. j Large numbers of shantymen have left this state for work the Canadian woods, which is someching of a turn-abo in conditions in this respect. ; af Shipments from Bay City for the first two weeks in Octo ber were 10,766,000 feet of lumber and 735,000shingles. Lum freights are showing a downward tendency. ~ It is stated that the cut of cedar in Michigan the coming winter will be very small, as cedar is a drug on the mark now, and large quantities are being shipped into the America n markets. 7 Lumber freights have advanced 25c. per 1000 all round, are now as follows: Bay City to Tonawanda, $1.50; Saginaw to Tonawanda, $1.621%4 ; Bay City to Ohio, $1.25; Saginaw to Ohio, $1.37%: he te The Emory mill at Midland, Ont., that has been purchased — by James Playfair & Co., of Shaped Bay, Ont., is to be - stocked by Arthur Hill & Co., of Saginaw, for seven years. a will have a capacity of 25,000,000 feet. " A sale of 7,000,000 feet of Jumber cut from Coes by the Green, Ring & Co. mill here is recorded, and the ia? ber is piled on the docks. It is thought that the price has ranged about $15 to $15.50. The sale was made by Menill, Ring & Co. S. O. Fisher, of Bay City, ial together with the other con-— cerns with which he is associated, put in about 50,000,000 feet of logs in the Georgian Bay waters the coming season. Mr. | Fisher, who is a candidate for governor, is stumping the state _ just now. Among several important sales of lumber made during the month the following are reported : Merrill, Ring & Co., 7,000,- _ 000 feet to Chicago parties, representing a total of over $100, - 000 ; Geo. B. Jackson, of Bay City, 2,500,000 feet, amounting to about $35,000 ; W. L. Churchill, of Alpena, 1,000,000 feet, — at $12.50 straight ; S. M. Gates, of Bay City, about 2,000,000 feet, and F. B. Bradley, about 1,000,000 feet. So that some lumber is selling here. ; Ben Boulette, of the Saginaw Bay Towing Association, which rafted 150,000,000 feet of logs from Canada during the season just closed says: ‘* If the Dominion government insists on im- _ posing the duty on boom sticks, its effect would be to put a — stop to the towing of logs from Canada, and that would mean the closing down of nearly every saw mill along the Saginaw river. If such a duty was collected only once during the season it would not materially affect the business, but the intention of the Canadian government, as I understand it, is to tax the tow- ing companies every time they place a boom stick in Canadian waters. This would involve an enormous expenditure during the course of the season, and it would be impossible for the owners of the logs to pay it, for towing rates would increase accordingly. We have thirteen sets of boom Sticks at Spanish river now, although the season has ended, and if this rule is carried out we will be compelled to pay on on them when we bring them across to this side.” SAGINAW, MIcH., Oct. 19, 1894. DON’T. ON’T wait till the grindstone only hits the tool three times ina revolution before you true it up again. : Keep a piece of a half-inch gas.pipe handy and show the boy how to turn it off as soon soon as it begins to show - alow spot. Turning offa sixteenth may make i it true, but if you wait until to-morrow it may take a quarter ‘ 4 an inch. It is eccnomy to turn “little and often.”— . Machinery. A THREE CENT STAMP DOES IT. O’ receipt of a three cent stamp we will mail free to any address a copy of our little hand-book ential ’ “Rules and Regulations for the inspection of pine and — hardwood lumber,” as adopted by the lumber section © and sanctioned by the Council of the Board of Trade, of Address, CANADA LUMBER- MAN, Toronto, Ont. p ewmme, 1894 THE NEWS. —John White, sawmill, Saanich, B. C., is dead. —Francis Wood, lumber, Welsford, N. B., is dead. —James Jestur, lumber, Icelandic River, Man., has assigned. —James Langford has disposed of his saw mill at Lucan, Ont. —Alfred W. Colley, lumber, Coldwater, Ont., has assigned to Thomas Lafferty. —Secord Brothers are erecting a new saw mill at Edgar Mills, Ont. ____The Keewatin Lumber Company’s saw mill, at Keewatin, “Ont., has been closed down. Be irice Bros. saw mill at St. Thomas, Que., has been rebuilt and has resumed operations. —Leigh & Son, planing mill, Victoria, B.C., have been succeeded by Grey & Alley. —Lemay & Kyle, lumbermen, Vancouver, B. C., are reported to have made an assignment. —Shaw, Cassils & Co., of Huntsville, Ont., desire to purchase 100,000 feet of hemlock logs. —A. W. Hepburn, Picton, Ont., is rebuilding his planing mill which was recently burned. —The estate of A. A. Mabee & Co., planing mill, St. John, N. B., has been sold to A. A. Mabee. _—Engene Lavigne, a dealer in hemlock bark, railway ties, etc., at Ste. Gertrude, Que.. has assigned. _—Capital stock of the Brunette Saw Mill Co., Victoria, B. C., has been increased from $200,000 to $300,000. 7 —Mr. Currie, of Portlock, has purchased machinery for a saw mill and will have it running in the early spring. —A new saw mill has been started at Venosta, Que., on the line of the Gatineau Valley railway, by John Holmes. _ —D. Sprague, of the Winnipeg saw mills, has commenced cutting logs on his timber limits on the Rosseau river. —Thos. Conlon’s saw mill at Little Current, Ont., is being rebuilt. It will have a capacity of 125,000 feet per day. —The Emory Lumber Co. will get out upwards of seventy million feet of logs the coming winter in the vicinity of Orillia. © _ —Bateman & Chapin, lumber dealers, Hartney, Man., have dissolved partnership. The business will be continued by F. Chapin. - —The firm of Beland & Martineau, lumber merchants, Que- bec, have assigned, with liabilities of $115,000 and assets about ~ $70,000. —The extensive saw mill of Moore & Macdonald, at Prince Albert, Sask., was closed down about the 1st of October for _ the season. —Chew Bros., of Midland, have disposed of their limit in the township of Wells to Mr. Maetby, of Saginaw, who will operate this winter. _ —C. & I. Prescott and Geo. D. Prescott have purchased the ‘milling property in New Brunswick, of Kinney & Co., on Saw Mill Creek. } —Messrs. Davison have commenced the erection ofa furnace for consuming sawdust at their lower mill, at Bridgewater, N. S. It will cost about $6,000. , _ —Joseph Pariseau, of Plantagenet, Ont., who last fall built a saw mill at St. Jovite, Que., has been compelled to assign. _ He owes $7,000, and claims a surplus of $2,000. ‘oe —Andrew Somerville and Daniel Boyd, sash and door manu- facturers, of Huntingdon, Que., are reported to have been com- mitted to stand their trial for misrepresenting their financial position. _—Quebec takes the lead in the supply of timber, her output _of sawlogs amounting to 5,000,000,000 feet board measure, and __ of square timber to three and a quarter million cubic feet. “i= The Whitney Lumber Company, of Minneapolis, have begun the erection of a large saw mill at Barry’s Bay, Ont. It expected that the mill will be in readiness for next season’s : cutting. > —Graham, Horn & Co., of Fort William, Ont., will operate __ what is known as the Ontario Bank timber limits this winter 7 e logs will come out via Pine river. Supplies and outfit are sent in. \ log of mahogany weighing 15 tons was recently unloaded the steamer Matadi at Liverpool, Eng. It was brought om the west coast of Africa, and is said to be the largest ever rought into that port. & W. Conroy, of Duschene Mills, Que., have recently led an electric plant, whereby the water power of their nills is transmitted to their farm buildings about one mile and utilized for cutting corn. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN . —The Montmagny Manufacturing and Electric Co. has been incorporated, with a capital of $10,000, to manufacture lumber. The chief place of business will be Montmagny, Que. Bernatchey, M. P. P. is one of the incorporators. —We understand that the C. Beck Manufacturing Co., of Penetanguishene, are about to establish a new planing mill, and have purchased one of the largest planing mill plants in Tona- wanda, which they will move over at once, and have ready for operations by next spring. —The R. H. Smith Saw Manufacturing Co. are said to be considering the erection of a branch factory at Ottawa. Mr. Bingham, of Toronto, and Mr. Feemey, of Philadelphia, are also starting a factory at the same place for the manufacture of saws, and have announced the fact that they expect to be in operation about the 1st of November. Mazaire —G. Vandyke, a lumber king of Boston, Mass. recently purchased 5,000 acres of timber land in the vicinity of Weedon, Que., on the line of the Quebec Central Railway. The pro- perty was owned by P. M. Partridge, of Mento Park, Cali- fornia, the sale being made through W. A. Richardson, of Ottawa. —Tyler Robinson and James Arnold were recently fined, in the Police Court at Windsor, Ont., for stealing timber from the property of Cameron & Curry, in Colchester South. claimed that the practice had been carried on quite extensively, and that the men were hired by mill-owners to cut the timber. It was —The Fredericton, N. B. Boom Company has rafted 96,- 005,245 feet of logs and 262 tons of timber. The logs are divided as follows: Spruce, 87,282,435 feet ; pine, 4,441,120 feet ; cedar, 4,271,240 feet; hemlock, 10,450 feet. Thereare 10,000,000 more to come in. Last year the company rafted 10,000,000 feet. —wW. Peter’s mill at Parry Sound, Ont., has resumed oper- ations. During the coming winter it is the intention of Mr. Peter to thoroughly overhaul the mill, put ina band saw and new machinery throughout. He has also made arrangements for putting in an electric light plant and will have the lumber cars operated by electricity. - —It is said that as the result of tigation between two of the principals of the Ontario and Minnesota Lumber Company, the appointment of a receiver has been asked for. The company own a saw mill at Rat Portage and extensive timber limits in Northern Minnesota. It has been stated that the affairs of the company are considerably involved. —A suit to recover the sum of $100,000 was recently com- menced at Windsor, Ont. The action was brought by Hugh A. Holmes, lumberman, of Detroit, against the Blind River Lumber Company for the specific performance of an agreement, by the ignoring of which the plaintiff claims to have suffered a loss of the amount stated. Mr. Holmes claimed that he pro- cured an option for the mills and timber limits belonging to the Blind River company, and before being given a chance to pay the purchase money, the sale was made to a company of Essex county lumbermen, who are now in possession. The mills of the Blind River Lumber Company are situated near North Bay, in Algoma, and the timber limits are said to be the finest in Ontario. FIRES AND CASUALTIES. FIRES. —J. J. Wood, sash and door factory, Maxville, Ont., has been burned out ; no insurance. —Romain Landry’s saw mill at Upper Caraquet, N. B., was destroyed by fire a fortnight ago. Mr. Landry will rebuild. —A quantity of lumber and shingles at Collingwood, owned by Wilson Bros. and valued at $600, was consumed by fire a fortnight ago. —The saw mill of D. G. Cooper, at Collingwood, Ont., was visited by fire the early part of last month. Several hundred thousand feet of lumber and more than a quarter of a million shingles were destroyed, together with the lumber sheds. The loss will reach $5,000, which is mostly covered by insur- ance. CASUALTIES, —J. F. Moorehead, of McNab, an employee of Gillies Bros., of Braeside, was killed in the woods by a log rolling over him. —While working in a saw mill near Sudbury recently, Her- bert Lankin was caught in a circular saw, which cut off his right arm. —wW. H. Barnes, foreman at the W. C. Edwards mill at New Edinburgh, died from the injuries received mentioned in our last issue. : —Wnm. J. Berkinshaw, of Gravenhurst, was recently engag- ed by Mickle, Dyment & Co., to work in the lumber woods. After working about an hour he cut off an overhanging hem- lock log, after which he tripped and fell in front of the log, which passed over him, instantly crushing him to death. PERSONAL. Mr. John E. Williams, of the editorial staff of the North- Western Lumberman, Chicago, recently paid a visit to Toronto and other Canadian cities. The marriage is announced on the 17th of October, of Mr. Benjamin Langford, saw mill proprietor, of Lucan, Ont., to Miss Maggie Fairburn, of the same place. On the toth of October, Mr. A. A. Wright, secretary of the Victoria Harbor Lumber Co., was united in matrimony to Miss Lillian E. Miller, a popular young lady of Toronto. The LUMBERMAN extends ‘its congratulations to Mr. and Mrs. Wright. Mr. John A. Garvin, editorial writer on the Montreal Herald, and a former resident of Toronto, was united in marriage a fortnight ag6 to Miss Florence Cameron, daughter of Mr. John A. Cameron, the millionaire Jumberman of Ottawa. The honeymoon was spent in New York and Washington. We record with much regret a fatal accident which a fort- night ago befell the family of Mr. Scatcherd, the well-known lumberman, of Buffalo. The carriage in which Mr. Scatcherd’s sister and two daughters were riding, was struck by a locomo- tive at an unguarded level crossing, and the occupants in- stantly killed. Mr. Scatcheid has the sympathy of his many friends in the great bereavement which has fallen upon him. TRADE NOTES. Maitland, Rixon & Co., of Owen Sound, have recently been given an order for 400,000 feet of cedar construction timber for the Grand Trunk Railway. Darling Bros.. of Montreal, have recently shipped twelve complete Morse valves to S. R. Gartman, London, Eng., and have an order for twelve more, to be shipped at an early date. The F. E. Dixon Belting Co., Toronto, who have carried on business as manufacturers of belting for many years at 70 King street east, have removed to larger and more suitable premises at 39 Front street east. The well-known leather belting manufacturers, Robin & Sad- ler, Montreal, and the Haworth Belting Co., of Toronto, have merged into one concern, and will carry on business in future under the firm name of Robin, Sadler & Haworth. ———————————— FACTS ABOUT TREES AND WOODS. Sycamore is a favorite lumber for tobacco-boxes. The wood is not only strong and capable of holding nails firmly, but its character is such as to impart no woody taste or odor to the contents. In the park of Tortworth Court, Gloucestershire, Eng- land, the seat of Lord Ducie, is the celebrated Spanish chesnut, which is said to have been the first tree that was ever planted in Great Britain by man. This ches- nut is now over twelve feet in diameter and was an old tree in the reign of Stephen. The Darley yew of Derby- shire is about 1,350 years old, while the Ankerwyke yew, near which the Magna Charta was signed, is about I,100 years old ; the yews of Fountains Abbey existed at its founding, over 760 years ago; the yew tree of Fortigal churchyard is said to be the oldest tree of its kind in the world, and the Greendale oak of Welback, through which in 1724 a way was cut anda carriage and four horses were driven, is about 1,500 years old. Here is an old English ryme, in which trees are made the prophets of either drouth or flood : If the ash is out before the oak, All Summer will be dust and smoke ; But if the oak before the ash, In Summer their will be a splash. The Japanese make false teeth, taking an impression of the mouth by means of a plate of wax, and then carv- ing a plate of some hard wood. The plates are well made, frequently an exceedingly neat fit, but the substi- tutes for teeth are crude, being copper or brass-headed nails driven through the plate, the heads being left for masticating purposes. The apparatus is very rude, but it seems to answer the purpose well enough to suit the Japanese. A dentist ranks with a carpenter and is called “tooth carpenter.” In Ceylon the tree fere reaches the height of twenty feet, and on the highest ground the Rhododendron attains the size of timber trees. The Coral tree, Eurythrina Indica, is among the most magnificent of their flowery trees. There are estimated to be not less than 20,000,000 of the cocoa palmsin Ceylon. Among their timber trees the satin wood holds the first rank —Lumber World. 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, Oct. 25, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. PRUDENT and conservative survey of the lumber situation at the present time, whilst it does not re- veal any large measure of activity, as compared with corresponding seasons of the past year or two, it yet shows many evidences of improvement. It must be re- membered that for the best part of a year the lumber trades of Canada and the United States have suffered severe depression. Only one thing could be written of the business during that time, and that was covered by the one word “stagnation. Hope was revived when tariff matters with our neighbors across the border finally became fixed, but it must not be forgotten that business does not move from one condition to another in quick jumps, and that a settlement of the tariff, when it did come, came too late in the year to permit of any large or important undertakings in building direc- tions. -It could prove the means of settling plans that had been pigeon-holed for months and to this extent was an evidence of confidence. In all the reports that come to the LUMBERMAN as to the conditions of trade, one uniform opinion is vouch- safed, that present trade continues dull, but the remark is made in an altogether different tone to that which has characterized a somewhat similar reply in the months that have passed. The trade see the rift in the cloud and know that light is behind. The belief is that the spring will open out with a decided improvement in the move- ment of lumber. So much for conditions generally. Immediate trade has improved during the month. Shipments of lumber from the Ottawa district are much more active than for some time and in fact are in some respects quite large. Ifwe glance at the situation in the Georgian Bay and North Shore districts, even though the present movement of lumber may not be very remarkable, there are abundant signs of activity in lumber circles. Let our readers study other columns of this month’s LUMBERMAN and they will learn of new mills building, and mills that had remained idle being put in operation with, in some cases, assured business akead in the shape of contracts, as in the case of J. S. Playfair & Co., ex- tending over several years. It is difficult to say just what will be the size of the cut the coming winter, but this is apparent just now that shanties on no inconsiderable scale are being established and if the activity that will quite surely mark the com- mencement of operations in the woods this winter, be continued throughout the season, a good sized cut will be the result. However, on this point, it is not safe to write with too great positiveness at present. In Quebec and New Brunswick the season is drawing to a close with the evidence before us that trade has not been completely sapped of all energy, and with assur- ances that there, as in this province, the outlook for the future isencouraging. It is hard to write of any present activity on a large scale in British Columbia. To quote a correspondent : “If business does not appear to have improved much, since the passing of the new U.S. tariff there is more enquiry. It is also felt that foreign busi- ness will increase shortly.” The shingle business of all parts of Canada, and in the United States is a demoralized branch of the lumber business. Writing of conditions across the border a lumber contemporary has said: “ If anyone be enquiring as to what is the matter with shingles, it is sufficient answer to say that there too many ofthem made.” The same thing can be written of shingles here. More shingles are being made here than are wanted, and the result is that when you talk shingles to alumberman you can’t find anyone who has an encouraging word to say. This is one trouble that can only be remedied by time and the exercise of abundance of good sense during that period. UNITED STATES. Viewing trade conditions in the United States as they have shown themselves from week to week throughout the month, the conclusion is reached that business is- showing several accurate indications of revival. This is seen in the movement of lumber at Albany. The market is being lighted up with faces of well-known buyers, and shipments are being sent forward to New England points and into New York. The fact that the advance in spruce, which, when it occurred, was quite phenomenal, continues firm, is another evidence of bet- tered conditions. Allowance must be made for some of this activity because of the near approach of winter, as everyone likes to make things as snug as possible before the cold season absolutely sets in. It is being remarked that Michigan is feeling competition from the Duluth districts, where prices are lower, whereas Michigan lum- bermen maintain firmly the policy of holding to good prices. All throughout the northwestern white pine field the information comes of anxiety to unload stocks at cut prices. Speculation is being indulged in as to the effect of the damaged log supply on the coming season’s cut. The district most seriously affected by fire is north- western Wisconsin and eastern Minnesota. It is not thought, however, reviewing the whole situation care- fully, that the supply of damaged logs that will be cut will affect values to any noticeable extent. FOREIGN. A measure of sameness so marks the British lumber trade that it is a hard matter to say anything that has not already been said of conditions in the United King- dom. If it is not a strike among one class of workmen in the mother land it is a strike among another class, that is constantly helping to retard commercial progress. The Scotch colliers strike still drags its slow length along and has a depressing influence on trade. What- ever the cause is, there is no getting behind the fact that business does not revive very much. As Denny, Mott & Dickson remark in their trade circular, a strike like that of the Scotch coliers “offers a serious obstacle to revival in the iron, railway, shipbuilding and allied industries.” The market for oak and choice waney pine has shown a slightly improved demand, and it is suggested that if shippers could moderate their preten- sions for these woods the consumption would be quickly stimulated and assume larger proportion than of late. A fair amount of stocks continue to go forward to South American markets, and the reports from there seem to tell of an improvement in trade. Business in Australia is yet a long way off from having returned to its old conditions. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, October 25, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. L 1-4,in, CUEdp, andl bettenaaic-lmtetete tae -eleeiommteei Mele eae 33 00 rx1o and 12 dressing and better. BE mxro and 12 millrun...... - 16 00 17 00 1x10 and 12 common.... IXrO;And nz Spruce cus. yews sere eee eee 1xxo.and iz2-roill Yells ox qnumemin. ate eee Cee See zr inch cleariand picks adiad bub ee eee a: 35 00 Pine, good shorts, _“‘ ee OO Tages heel viene 27 00 Pine, znd quality sidings, per M feet, b.m.......... 25 00 Pine, 2nd quality strips, E 4. ere neon a 22 00 Pine, 2nd quality shorts, as i3 iS) Seana ee 18 00 Pine, shipping cull stock, ‘ gs Sa ana 16 00 Pine, box cull stock, fod s Se roe area nee 13 00 Pine, s.c. stripsand sidings “ ss Mt. oivetewatala ene 14 00 Pine, sal ‘eet io ssiaa nis bis ce oes a eee ce oe ee 10 00 Lath,-per Mi. . 204 .< «sires «slew anit eee Steir oe eee ee I go QUEBEC, QUE. : QUEBEC, October 25, 1894. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT! cats 2 -_ cts. cts, For ee ordinary according to average, quality etc., 4 MCASIRER OMT. 5:55 «+ = 5 ue vrais s oar amie 4 oateiee eee ae . 14 @ For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 16 20 For good and good fair average, “ 4 ie fe ‘¢ 25) ae For superior es - re = 28) ae In shipping order s es Af + “ 299 35a Waney board, 18to1ginch ‘ a #6 a 30 a > Waney board, 19 to 21 inch = a ss a “ 970 aa RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality....... . 34, . ae In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “‘ Ge _ OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according to average and quality. . . : ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 10 50 feet. . 30 “= . i ‘30 to 35 feet. . 25 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . . 30 : t BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . * . . 20 23 : i: TAMARAC. ; Square, according to sizeand quality. . ... . ie keg «x Flatted, oe re MEMES 8 STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp’cfet’n—nominal . $330 oO W. O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality. . . . = én DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $x15 to $123 for 1st, $78 to $82 for _ 2nd, and $37 to $42 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 for 1st, $27 to $23 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $2xr for 4th quality, SAGINAW, MICH. SAGINAW, MICH., Oct. 25.—More lumber is accumu- lating here than can be offset by what is going out. There is a feeling that there will be no remarkable change in conditions until the spring. As has been noted from Saginaw Valley before, the stocks of lumber on hand are large, and it would look as though there would be a heavy stock carried over the winter. Busi- ness is undoubtedly better than it was three months ago, but it might improve a great deal more and still not — be over lively. FINISHING LUMBER—ROUGH. Uppers, 1, 1% and 1%...... 45 0o| Fine common, rt in........... 35 00 1% and 1¥ in TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. 2x4 to 1oxIo, 12, 14 and 16 ft.$11 00 £8: ff. ect Nate saaacco 13.00] 22and 24 ft 15 00 For each additional 2 ft. add $1; 12 in. plank and timber $x extra ; extra for sizes above 12 in. BOX. 1xtoand 12 in. (No3 Narrow .....+....... 13 00@14 00 ILE) isctchariale ees oe 14 00/14 in..... ean oemcete I5 00 18 00 1x6 and 8 in(No. 3 out) 1350 || 23@. 10. essen eee 15 00 18 00 1x13 and wider...... 1§.00 17 00 |2 In. eueeneeee I5 00 18 00 SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 45 | Standard brands. river made, @lear Butis. .cdi0, ateetae 2 25 XXX XK... eeeee 3 00 Clear ‘Butts ‘jn ceucnseeeas 2 00 WHITE PINE LATH. ™ INosita.on tan «janie setae Anes 2 50)'|| Nove. oceans Gan cae I 25 Hemlock... 7iscese eee I 00 NEW YORK CITY. NEw York, N. Y., Oct. 25.—The expected boom in lumber has not struck this ‘market with any great force yet. Caution marks all transactions, and the stocks that will be carried throughout the winter will be by no means large. White pineis moving but slowly. Yellow pine is not sharing any large demand. Hemlock is steady. WHITE PINE—WESTERN GRADES, Uppers, 1 in....... $44 00@45 00 | Coffin boards........ 20 00 22 00 14%, 1%and2in.... 46 00 47 00| Box, in.......... --$17 00@17 50 uate ce amie 55 00 5800] Thicker .......... 17 50 1850 Selects, 1s J..0.5.25 40 00 41 00 | Ccil’g, base, fig. No. x 40 00 42 00 r in., all wide...... 4I 00 00 37 00 1%, r1Mand2in.... 43 00 fore) 26 00 3 and 4 in........ 52 00 53 00 32 00 Fine common, 1 in.. 36 00 27 0 1X, 1%andz2in.... 38 oo 37 00 Zand ANNs ios aca’ 46 00 36 00 Cutting up, rin. No.1 28 oo 23 00 Pilger sere tvieta crema 2I 00 22 50 thick. No, ot. \ccas 29 00 20 50 OQ, waives oe vie 24 00 17 00 Common, No. 1, 10 25 00 ANG! TA Us cc)eiels re 22 00 22 00 Wosaieatlanelcox 20 00 19 00 INCOR Ehren aseoconos 17 00 a ~~ 2a.” — : Lar —e. © Novemner, 1894 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. Tonawanpa, N. Y., Oct. 25.—Stocks continue to grow in size, and there is very little outgo of lumber. Some demand is reported for export and we hear of one considerable sale of pine to a point in the eastern part of the state. Prices are quite unsettled, in fact, in some respects, are demoralized. The remark has been made that some day somebody will be sorry for this cutting of prices. The Lumber Exchange, of Buffalo, will meet _ next month and the trade are hoping something will be done to fix prices. | WHITE PINE. bs I, ie 1% and 2 Shelving, No. 1, 13 in $46 48 00 and up, 1 in A deed 31 00@33 00 55 00 | Dressing, 1% in...... 25 00 26 00 56 co 14x10 and 12.....- 26 00 ; 39 00 1% Ride revere efepatctetate ie 24 00 25 00 ' AAROGH|) 2A. vs/atela sure d's ajs/<1 26 50 28 00 ; ric) 50 00 | Mold st’ps, 1 to 2 in.. 33 00 35 00 ; CC eee 52 00 Bara No. 1, roand 12 | Fine common, x in... 35 00 38 00/ —in............0-s 21 00 23 00 : 00 6 aad Bile) onde pele’ 20 50 22 00 oo| No. 2, roand 12in. 18 00 19 00 GO!) Gand Santis. ssc. . 18 00 19 00 4 in No. 3, ro and 12 in. 14 00 16 00 Cut’ 6and 8in.........- 13 50 15 50 ce 2 in Common, rin.......- 16 00 18 00 No. 2, 1 in ry and r4%in...... 18 90 20 00 No. 2, S, to 21 NILE goFen elas ciatase cia? Ig 00 22 00 BOSTON, MASS. Boston, Mass., Oct. 25.—No great rush, by any means, is to be remarked of the lumber trade here, but there is a fair activity that is encouraging. The advance made in car spruce a month ago is being well maintained, and this forms also an indication of a better feeling in the trade. Hemlock is slow. Shingles are easy. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed SUAUICH =< n'< = «/e'a'0\-10 $925 975 aardsis oer. «isis 37 $12 00] 11-16 inch........ 9 00 (Coarse No. 5......+ 16 00 PrAUMILO Matai fetai> sia ela) 8 50 PREIS Ge fesse vats, are ae 1200 12 50| Clapboards, sapext.. 45 00 50 00 Reece eco 10.00} Sapclear......... 43 00 45 00 Boxboards, 1 inch... 10 75 11 00 Sap, 2nd clear.... 35 00 4900 %inch...... Sana. 9175 11000. ©, TT ean ORRE 25 00 25 00 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Uppers, 1 in........ $50 00@5r oo | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 42 00 46 00 1%,1% and 2 in.. 52 90 53 00| No. 2,1 in. Finecom. 28 00 30 00 feo 54.00 63 00|- 1%,1% and 2in... 29 00 31 00 Sel a ib aR 43 00 45 00] No. x SEs, 4 to6i in. 43 00 44 00 : My, i bets meen A700) INO, 2). e.cccese an 36 09 37 00 ENG 20a Tes mamoee PEON ENON, 3) Acccoc scars. s 28 00 3000 iWoniding fuaeds, 7 to Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.... 24 00 32 00 ir in. clear...... 36 00 38 00| Coffin boards........ 0 00 20 00 60 per cent. on. - 34 00 36 00] Common allwidths... 22 00 26 oo Fine common, rin.... ce eo 40 00| Shipping culls,1r in... 15 00 15 50 14%, 1% and 2 in. 42 00 do r\%i in. I5 50 1650 SPRUCE. Random cargoes, large Mill random........ II 00@12 50 SIZES sit dctaa kere 12 00@12 50 Northern, random Ordinarys ia vex oe Ilo0o 1150 Board iacicecs cece is 5 Ir50 1200 INArTOW! « s(eiten mn oe +. I000 1050 Second boards...... IO 00 Shippers ........... 1300 1325] Northern No. x stock laned, coarse...... 12 00 boards, 12 feet.... 2000 2300 Rough, coarse, nar- Oe De es tesinn a oui 1350 1400 LOWS ev tern mew se 1000 1100] Planed, narrow....... 1050 I1.00 Rough, coarse, wide 1250 1300 Wa Bioaaaeenanaeeme 14 00 Spruce frames, cars or- are boards, 4ft. extra. 2850 3000 dinary ..3-....0-- 1250 1350 lear re cc ciste ce . 2609 2800 IZM. ....s.seeee eee 1350 1450 Second clear........ 2000 2400 Se A TDs. c cre MEX HIGON EGCG) INO. Toe... sis. eccees 1000 1300 Yard orders ........ eos Co! NO, 2..5-. wk ewe e ee 800 goo HEMLOCK. ieee Dios@rooo| No.2... ..... .... 7 00@ 9 50 g Platiod Gh tace ico 1100 1150 - * LATH. ‘Spada e aa Sen eer aE PRNICAT Ose 2 ererers ain Were 1 80@ 1 go SGFGAT e smetinals aa/ss 1 80@ 200 | : g ALBANY, N.Y. ALBANY, N. Y., Oct. 25.—The activity in lumber at _ this point, noted last month, continues. Shipments are _ going forward to New England and other points in good _ order. The season for shipping by water is, of course, _ drawing to an end and this accounts, to some extent, for _ the increase in shipments, as many are anxious to wind up their transactions before navigation closes. The im- _ provement generally in the market may not be as large as most people would like, but contrasted with the dull- _ness that has prevailed for many months, it is hopeful. PINE. mi naee a aCe $56 $60 | ro-in. common............. $16 Massie state! e's; ste ade 58 | r2-in. dressing and better 28 34 MRR estes co.yce ns 50 Commmoniey ces -oueat ese: 15. 4 I7 MPa stata, a atayex'n 45 | 114-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 4o 45 mezretciaz-in, £O0d........... 55 COMMON Fs. 5 etter cis ss = 15 17 _ Fourths . 50 | z-in. siding, selected........ 38 42 45 Common. /vassisceyes ens I5 17 40 | Norway, clear............. 22 25 55 Wessun eye csitek, ete 2's 16 18 50 Gomory. ee atant one « Ir 15 45 | ro-in. plank, 13 ft., dressing c. c. 40 and better, each ....... 42 55 27 | to-in. plank, 13-ft. culls, each 23 «25 35 | 10-in. boards, 13 ft., dressing plan ke. ving | boards, 12- g boar 30 32| and better,each.......... 28 32 ds, narrow.... 19 21 | 1o-in. boards, 13-ft. culls.... 17 21 LATH. PRM ciaisis esielsdlee ssc +s On oetie Sta 71s] / Sou! CGanearpocssneds $2 30 $2 4o = « e gicsvin, awed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 40 $4 50| Bound butts, 6x18 ....$5 90 $6 00 lew butts :......... 2 ie Webel Wemlodkssan gases one 215 2 30 Smooth, 6x18....... 5 50 5 60| Spruce.....-..s...-.-. 220 2 30 G Pay) _ = 4 Cee ee OSWEGO, N.Y. OswEco, N. Y., Oct. 25.—The lumber trade here is not possessed of any features that call for particular mention. Shipping by water is probably improving in anticipation of the approach of closing navigation. WHITE PINE. - Three uppers, Ys, ae and 2 inch Pickings, No. 1, cutting up, ‘y No. 2, cutting up, ‘‘ . sf 24 00 In strips, 4to8 ey selected for moulding trips, 14 to16ft. 32 00 34 00 SIDING. 1 in siding, cutting up 1% in selected....... 38 090@43 00 ‘1 icks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 1% in dressing......- 20 00 22 00 1 in dressing........- 19 00 21 00/1% in No. rculls.... 15 00 17 00 rin No. 1 culls...... 14 00 15 00/1% in No. 2cuils.... 14 00 15 00 xin No. 2 culls...... I3 00 14 00J1 Abe No 3 culls...... Il 00 1200 IX12 INCH. Ta ane exeO Meek, VIM MTITt sete a ewe nian Aclalete + ald'eletele eels sale! ea 00 24 00 12 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards 00 20 00 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better......... 00 31 00 r2 and 16 feet, No. 2 Culls.....00%2 222 secnescececererecctens co 16 00 IXIo INCH. 12 and 13 feet, mill run, mill culls out 12 and 13 feet, dressing and better.. IXI0, 14 to 16 ‘barn boards.......... 12 and 13 feet, No. 1 culls.......... 12 and 13 feet, No. 2culls.......... 14 to 16 feet, mill run-mill culls out. . 14 to 16 feet, dressing and better.... 14 to 16 feet, No. 1 culls 14 to 16 feet, No. 2 culls to to 13 feet, No. 3 culls 8888888888 8 14x10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$22 0o@25 00 | No. rculls.........-- 17 00 18 00 Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00| No. 2culls........... 15 00 16 00 1X4 INCHES. Mill run, mill cullsout 17 00 21 00 | No. rculls........... I4 00 15 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 30 00] No. 2culls........... 13 00 14 00 1X5 INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill CUS OUt. cee ccces 25 00 | 6, 7 or 8, No.2 culls.. 6, 7 or 8, No. rculls.. 6, 7 or 8, drsg and METER ayes) em sale cre 25 00 3000 SHINGLES. XXX, 18 in pine....... 37° 3 90| XXX, 18 in. cedar.. fo) ° Clear butts, pine, 18 in.. 2 70 2 go | Clear butt, 18 in. cedar. Z oS 2 a XXX, 16 in. pine...... 3.00 3 20] XX, 18in. cedar ....190 200 Stock ‘cedars, 5or 6in.. 4 50 5 00 LATH NOMI EIE suelo. italy Boh ct sie 2 | INOS Roe amet at ae vos) ine 225 Nome. Liat. a Gas we tite oe I 80 ’ LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES SUGAR. CANNED GOODS. c. per lb. Per doz. Granulated’ ace. 430 440 Apples, BIS on hatmoe nets $x 00 $1 10 Extra bright refined....... 4 4% Ballonsje etre 265 280 Bright Yellow.........+... Boe Bail DD EANIS i aeeteceeisrcayee = ayaravs 085 095 Medium Yellow........... --- Sal ONE 2) Sitar aia elstelateialeiers 090 095 Dark Yellow.............. 3% a “Epicure se Ten ERA capetsteieiei= 0 8c =e Nia tat heicll ahain Peas, BIS ha vials ae 085 095 SYRUPS AND MOLASSES. | |Peaches se. 0-12 2e0 22 syrups. _ Per gallon Sis|slareleio(mereiatsis 300 325 bbls. % bbls. | Plums, Gr. Gages, - 2's... 185 200 WDairkesiteterstss)s.siste etrtayaccimere> 25 30 ss Ttombard!s.\..25 sists 150 160 WikeG hie ne cerncoresaeboodc 30 35 ‘* Damson Blue 150 160 Brightiticsrsmsneaas oa ster 35 40 | Pumpkins, 3’s ©g0 100 Mer Brimbt.er seis stan ots 50 00 s 210 225 Redpath’ SHETONEY = ee raie acres 40 | Tomatoes, 3's 085 ogo “2 gal pails z 25 | ‘Thistle’ Finnan Haddies 1 35 140 ss «« 3 gal pails 150 Salmon, (AN Socccoecnnes 25, 1,35; MOLASSES. Hats! sh \.issctetes 135 140 Per gal. Trinadad, 7 in punchecus.. © 32 035 CANNED MEATS. dnoaanaonr 0 360 cs ¥% bbls........ ° a ° zy (CANADIAN.) New Orleans, in bbis..... © 30 0 32 Comp. Corn, pe cans $1 50 $1 60 Porto, Rico, Hage 0 38 0 4o 260 265 Parcelsiic cites 042 044 ee nes at e480" 506 ss ¥ barrels.... 0 44 0 46 re Se Gur sien sola ‘ RICE, ETC. SP gititena eres Rice; Avacatcn).: Yancouver, B » B.C. Y ete a he z 2 a oe a -e ms Pa ° THH CANADA LUMBERMAWN DECEMBER, 1894 What Some of OUP Gustomers Say... OPE Eb Pmeo Orr fy[iILL Bucxineuam, P. Q:, Sept. ist, 1894. Misses. Tue Wm. Hamiton Mre. Co., Peterborough, Ont. Dear Sirs: In reply to yours of the 31st instant, we have every reason to be satished with the Prescott Bann Mutt received from you spring, 1893. We have never had any trouble with it, nor has there been any repairs or changes aa and we therefore consider it a first-class machine, and one in every way suitable a the requirements of our business. Yours truly, Ross Bros. in Liq. Per (GieL.- Parker. | Rockranp, Aug. 31, 1894. | Messrs. Tue Wm. Hamitton Mre. Co., Peterborough, Ont. 3 Dear Sirs: In answer to your enquiry we have to say the four (4) Prescott Band Mills got from you spring of 1893 went into operation on the 15th of May, same year, and have ‘been again in operation since the opening of the present season, and we are much pleased to “be able to say that they have continually given us entire satisfaction. We have been entirely free from breakdowns and have had every comfort and satisfaction in running those machines: Should we require any additional machines, our first enquiry would be oe. of you. Yours truly, i Ce Bwarps 62.Co., .Ltd. Per W. C. Edwards. i Write for New Illustrated Catalogue 2% THE WM. HAMILTON MFG. 00., LIMITED PETERBOROUGH, ONT. be a a a ge r , ——— “ Se a a ae DECEMBER, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN LUMBER, HEMLOCK, WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE, GYPRESS, YELLOW POPLAR, RED OAK, WHITE OAK, SPRUGE, CALIFORNIA REDWOOD, LTV Tie HEMLOGK, SPRUGE, POPLAR, WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE AND GYPRESS SHINGLES, HEMLOGK, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, WASHINGTON SPRUGE WHITE PINE, WHITE GEDAR, PLAIN AND QUARTER-SAWED AND FIR. WHITE AND RED OAK and YELLOW POPLAR RED GEDAR and GYPRESS A SPECIALTY. O~ OFFICE: ROOM 23, SCHMARTZ BUILDING, 86 WATER STREET, = HG) PITTSBURGH, PA. Canada Atlantic Railway OTTAWA, ARNPRIOR AND PARRY SOUND RAILWAY Ottawa and New York Lumber Line - Gait and Boston Lumber lites - Canada Atlantic Fast Freight Line (Operating over the Grand Trunk, Central Vermont, and Boston and Maine Railways.) ——: SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE : For through rates, information and list of lumber dealers, apply to any officer of these lines or connections, or to .. FROM AND TO... e OTTAWA ARN PRIOR HAWKESBURY ON R. A. CARTER M.A, OVEREND TORONTO MONTREAL BURLINGTON — Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade Ontario Agent, Board Trade BUFFALO QUEBEC BOSTON Y MONTREAL TORONTO DETROIT HALIFAS NEW YoRE ® TONAWANDA PORTLAND ALBANY, &C. C. J. SMITH AND ALL POINTS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. General Freight Agent - OTTAWA. P. S.—The opening of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa to the Georgian Bay, offers to the manufacturer and purchaser a new district not heretofore reached by any other line. IMPROVED IRON FRAME LOG JACK WITH ENDLESS GHAIN DRIVEN BY INTERNAL FRICTION lias most powerful and smoothest- running Jack Works made. Easy to place in mill. ih Ii in iNT I Can be placed on mill floor or on timbers underneath the floor. sh No crossed belt is required. Can be stopped or started instantly - without a jar. J. DRAKE ” VoLuME XV. NUMBER 12. TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER, 1894 J Terms, $1.00 Per YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents. == PAYETTE’S PATENT DOUBLE EDGER. Sa accompanying illustration represents an. im- proved double edger machine, patented by Mr _ P. Payette, of Penetanguishene, Ont., and manufactured by Messrs. P. Payette & Co., of that place. The machine is made in two styles—one with frictional feed, the other with direct feed—and in four sizes to suit mills of differ- ent capacity. _ The saws are easily removed from the mandrel by taking out the end bearing from the frame. The feed rollers can be stopped or started instantly on the fric- tional feed edger, and somewhat less quickly on the direct feed inachine by using the tightener pulley from the feed belt. The shifting saw is moved by a long lever fastened about the center to a swing plate, the end of the lever being attached to a link fastened to the cross-head. The shifting saw has a brass yoke attached to the cross-head that moves the saw. All saw collars can be moved on the mancrel and set to any width desired. The binder is raised by an overhead lever. These detail improvements are not shown on the cuts. This machine has been on the market for upwards of five years, and is said to have given good satisfaction. Any further particu- lars may be obtained by writing the manufacturers, as above. HOW TO CONDUCT A PLANING MILL. A‘ a time when the extension of the planing mill business in Canada is a likely development of the near future, the following article by Morris J. Webster, in the Wood Worker is timely: A planing mil! isan adjunct of a saw mill. It is for dressing, matching, sizing, re- sawing and otherwise fitting its products for the market and the builders’ use. It deals principally or altogether with large quantities and the wholesale trade. It 1s fitted with the heaviest and im- MSS —\ proved machinery of its class, ac- cording to the peculiarities of the material wrought upon, and the trade wrought for. Its manager must be a thoroughly posted lumber man, its foreman a mechanic, with energy, tact, skill and plenty of sand—otherwise, backbone. Its men must be trained to the work imposed upon them, be paid a fair com- pensation, and be made to understand the interdepend- ence of the employer and employe. Under these condi- tions a planing mill is a satisfactory source of revenue to both, and a benefit to the community in which it is located. An ordinary understanding of the term planing mill, and of the class of which we shall treat in this article, is one where lumber is manipulated as above named, only in lesser quantities, and in addition. to which there is a carpenter shop. A general jobbing business is carried on, builders’ work is gotten out and prepared, and sash, doors and blinds manufactured to a greater or less extent for local or export trasle. We will assume that a mill of this class is to be estab- lished with a capital of, say $20,000 exclus:ve of ground. Expenditures would assume about these proportions : item Shedsand OffCe. 02. eet ses seen c ce eeoes -$ 4,c0° 9 TTDI TERE ayaa ita St ra CO PIS 2,99 PLAGIAIGTY cies sles ace ese nel nee te seine ee nes ene ees 5,000 Shafting, belting, etc...........-.... Serhan tes clean 2 1,000 APE MEAL IMS CE TIE eer tats ais x tic acs Wises vig ae = aks é “wh lee eS If there is cause for the criticism sometimes made that ~ Canada i is not giving any remarkable attention to the abroad to show that the matter is not being entirely : neglected. The order-in-Council passed by the Ontario _ government recently, making a considerable addi- _ tion to the territory of Alyonquin park is evidence Cia this direction. The addition made will include, on the west side the eastern portion of Finlayson, McCraney, Butt, Paxton and Ballantyne townships, and on the north side, the southern portion of Boyd township. The total area of the added teritory will constitute 155,802 acres of land, exclusive, of the water stretches, which will ount to about 15,000 acres. The original area of the yark was 938,168 acres so that Algonquin park now ex- - tends over an area, which exceeds 1,100, oooacres. Claim can be made that it will be with these additions, the second largest park of this character in the world. Yel- io Jowstone National park covers an area of over 2,000,000 fof acres, and ranks as number one. In this province we tained. The Minneapolis rate is 25c., which serves to | f * question of forest preservation, there 1s yet evidence» Tlie Gata DA WOMB E RMAN 7 are also ahead of some countries in the regulations for the protection of our forests from fires, and the North- western Lumberman finds occasion in a recent editorial to commend the Ontario system of fire protection by a system of fire “rangers” as one that could be followed with profit by the forestry department of the United States. With the late disastrous fires of Wisconsin and Michigan clearly in memory, the subject was made one of consideration at a conference to consider forest preservation, held in Minneapolis, where a resolution was adopted to appoint a committee to prepare a bill for presentation at the next session of the legislature, in which an effort will be made to have these states and others profit by the experience of Canada. Km Wa The only thing that can be written of the trouble over the boom duty, since the last issue of the LUMBERMAN, is that nothing has been done by the Controller of Cus- toms to relieve the minds of lumbermen, either in Canada ocr the United States, unless we except an announcement from Bay City, Mich., made within the past few days, saying that the Hon. Mackenzie Bowell has written the committee of Michigan log towers, recently appointed in that city, that he would be glad to meet the members at any time and arrange a hearing for them before the Privy Council on the question in dispute. It is this inaction on the part of the government at Ottawa that is to be most severely con- demned. A change in the political complexion of the United States Congress has taken place within the month, and there are certainly those in the new House who will only be too glad to take advantage of the pre- sent action of the Controller of Customs to so change United States tariff legislation, that the opportunities Canada has to export lumber shall not longer prevail. The hint has .already come from United States sources that active steps in that direction will shortly be taken. The matter is of such a trifling character, that, to repeat what was stated in these columns last month, the action of Controller Wallace is open to, and is receiving, vigorous condemnation from the lumber trade in Canada. What would the duty on boom sticks, between the Georgian Bay shores and Saginaw, amount to for an entire season, when log towing is at its best, compared with the loss that Canadian lumber interests will certainly suffer, if retaliatory legislation, consequent on Mr. Wallace’s decision, should be enacted at Wash- ington? This is the situation in a nutshell, and lumber- men will be glad to have a plain business answer from the Contioller. Sx, eX The recent suspension of two lumber firms, of Liver- pool, Eng., has given occasion to English lumber jour- nals to discourse, and apparently not without occasion, on the methods of financing adopted by some dealers in the United Kingdom. After the shock received, and the losses sustained, in Great Britain, through the reck- less banking methods in Australia, one would have ex- pected that their own people would have kept clear of questionable commercial schemes. It seems, however, that in lumber circles, at least, loose methods of financ- ing have prevailed for scme time. The obnoxious cus- tom of kite flying is said to have been one cause of the present financial trouble in the lumber trade, and it is not unlikely, thinks the Timber Trades Journal, that further disaster will follow the trade as an aftermath of these difficulties. Careful and conservative as English- men usually are in their business ventures, it appears that it has been no uncommon affair for men to enter the lumber trade with altogether insufficient capital, or, after having secured a start, to branch out quite beyond the power of their capital. What is a sin of the trade in this newer country is not without its counterpart in the older land, namely, an extreme cheapness of credit. An English cotemporary cites the case of a concern in the lumber trade, known to have little or no capital, and yet able to secure without suspicion, regular credit to the extent of £40,000. If the cause for the troubles we cite is asked, the answer is probably correctly given in these words : “The fatal ambition of the modern style is evi- denced by the desire to double or treble a turnover in the shortest possible time, and to establish an equal position in a decade, with older merchants of a generation or more. We have thus an exemplification of that alluring lust for riches so subversive of all natural peace and prosperity.” A moral drawn from these troubles is the necessity for a strong organization of the trade, that shall discuss, without fear or favor, abuses of the trade, and warn its members of impending danger, when indications of trouble, sure to follow, such as here cited, begin to show themselves. So it is, as problems of the trade common to all countries, or distinctive only to special localities, are brought under consideration, the importance of united effort as a means of self preserva- tion and protection becomes even more clear. PITCH OF LUMBER PILES, EGARDING the proper pitch of lumber piles, says S. D. Albright in Hardwood, my experience would suggest a fall of about five-eighths-inch to the foot in slope, with forward pitch of about one inch to the foot in height of pile, with cover raised in front and project- ing about six inches over front of pile. This gives enough slope to run off any water that may beat in, and is much easier to work on, for inspector and shover off. It is also easier for pilers to put up than a pile with too much slope. The principal objection to excessive for- ward pitch is the excessive weight on front foundation, which is liable to settle more than others, throwing the pile still farther forward and causing the water to come in from the front end. I would also advise that alleys ; should run the entire length or breadth of yard on such a plan as to invite a free passage of prevailing wiads clear to the ground, especially at Southern points that are subject to mould and mildew. There are usually some portions of a yard that are better fitted for expos- ure than others for rapid drying of stock liable to dam- age from stain, as for example, saps in popular and pine, and care should be taken to give this class of stock all possible advantage of position. POWER TRANSMISSION. Bo emptying cylinder oil out of the barrel, it is a good plan to nail a piece of mosquito netting, or a fine sieve over the bung-hole, as then all chips, old bungs, etc., will be excluded from the oil tank. When fitting up an engine shaft or other large shaft, in fact, jack shafts or similar work, it isa good plan to allow a little end play inthe shaft as it distributes the oil and makes the bearing much smoother and better, says an exchange. This will very often cure a shaft that has been heating and giving trouble, and in a new shaft particularly it is best to do this. In long distance electrical transmission ot power the lines should be carried on poles whenever it is possible, for the farther apart the conductors are, the less will be the inductive capacity ; if placed underground they -vill of necessity be near together. The placing in separate conduits to gain distance will not help, for the nearness of the earth is the equivalent of the nearness of the con- ductor of opposite sign. These things are only warn- ings, however, and slip out of sight with proper precau- tion. The common sense way of preventing slipping of belts is really the only one object to which we ought to direct our attention ; there is the relation of the pulley to the belt, the method of placing a belt on a pulley, the ques- tion of speed, tightness of belts, all of which, with other points, require careful consideration. Oak tanned leather belts are best for general use. Cotton belts are best for dry places. It is economy to put on a wider belt rather than a narrower onetootight. Vertical belts should only be moderately tight. —_————————— TRADE NOTES. A handsome new catalogue of 110 pages, devoted to illustrated descriptions of general saw mill machinery, has just been issued by the Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., of Peterboro’, Ont. In the in- troduction to this catalogue, the Company say: ‘‘ During the last thirty-seven years we have been in business, we have supplied machinery for many of the largest and best mills in Canada, and it is our object to still maintain the superiority of our work and to offer our customers the most complete machinery in the market.” It will be to the advantage of every progressive saw mill owner, to write the Company for a copy of this new cata- logue, which will be cheerfully furnished on request. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN <> ah 2 th oe © PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH SS) 5S Cc. H. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LiFe INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION THe Canapa LumBerMaN is published in the intcr-=ts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Domin' , being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch cf ve commerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing thes= topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it- Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting the tri" Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the Canapa LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- fuents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. ee, CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY SUPPLEMENTAL EDITION. IT is proposed to commence, the first week in January, 1895, the regular publication of the “CANADA LUMBER- MAN WEEKLY SUPPLEMENTAL EDITION.” This Epr- TION will ‘consist of four pages, corresponding in size with those of the monthly edition. The fourth issue in each month will be bound up with the monthly edition. Special attention will be paid to market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and the leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. Reliable and up-to-date information will likewise be given regarding carrying charges by rail and water to the leading markets. Arrangements are being made for placing the paper 1egularly in the hands of the leading buyers in these markets, and for a system of special correspondence which will enable us to place before our readers each week a careful and exact review of the lumber situation in all important particulars. In brief, the aim will be to provide a weekly medium of information and communication between Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home and abroad. Manufacturers of such products will be given the oppor- tunity through the pages of this WLEKLY EDITION to acquaint buyers with the character of the material which they have to offer. On the other hand, buyers can make known the particular kind of material which they are open to purchase. : No advertisements will be inserted in the WEEKLY EpDITION other than those for the sale or purchase of timber products, mill properties, second hand machinery by mill owners, employment wanted, help wanted. A Classified Directory of all adyertisers in the monthly will, however, regularly appear in the weekly, without cost to advertisets. Notwithstanding the low price at which THE CANADA LUMBERMAN is now offered to subscribers, and the expense which the WEEKLY EDITION will entail, no additional subscription will be charged during 1895 at least. Under these circumstances we confidently hope to retain all our present subscribers, and add many new ones te their number. UNITED EFFORT A NECESSITY. WITH a distinction of 24%c. per 100 lbs. in freight rates against the hardwood men, they are seeing the necessity for united action in protesting against this condition of affairs. An object lesson is furnished them in what was accomplished by the white pine men in tak- ing up the cudgels against the Grand Trunk when the tariff on pine was increased from 6c. to 7c. per roo Ibs. The hardwood men, unfortunately, cut no figure in these negotiations, and largely, it is believed, because they did not present a united front. There are doubtless several reasons to be urged why the Grand Trunk have made a discrimination between pine and hardwoods. The larger quantity of pine car- ried as contrasted with hardwoods is one reason. But a 6% cent rate prevailed before, and the question asked is, why now make this distinction, and which is an invidious distinction against Toronto ? Hardwood men, however, are coming to the conclu- sion, that if they are to accomplish anything in their contention with the Grand Trunk the initiatory step must be through an organization of the trade. The freight trouble is only one reason that might be urged for an association of lumbermen. Others have been pointed out by the LUMBERMAN on different occasions, and are so trite as to be clear to every member of the trade. But stillno movement is made. Will dealers move now and put themselves ina position to right wrongs that will at different times show themselves in connection with the trade? Elsewhere in these columns we have referred to losses suffered by lumbermen through faulty inspection regulations, which is only another reason why the trade should organize. FRAUDULENT BUYERS. THE LUMBERMAN is in receipt of a letter from a lum- ber manufacturer of the province telling of the trouble he has met with in his efforts to secure payments for certain shipments of lumber sent to the United States. In this particular case the trouble arises through the form of inspection adopted by the buyer in New York. Cer- tain classes of lumber were ordered and our correspond- ent says that he filled the order correctly in every par- ticular. But on thearrival of the carat destination other rules of inspection are made to apply, bringing the lumber down several points. In another case cited in the same letter a neighboring lumberman sent to the States a car load of lumber. This was more than a year ago, and though the consignee is supposed to be a man of some standing in the trade, at this distance it has been found impossible to collect the full amount of ac- count. Mentioning this matter to a Toronto shipper the other day he drew the attention of the writer to the case of a shipment of hardwoods to an American concern, where considerable trouble was gone to in the effort to secure just exactly the class of lumber ordered. Said our informant: “ Here is a statement fromthat concern claiming a reduction representing a large amount figured out through their method of inspecting the lumber. The matter is still in abeyance though there seems only one choice open to us, either to let the lumber goat a loss or bear the expense and trouble of having it reshipped to us.” We should be sorry to think that these cases can be ap- plied generally to the United States lumber trade. That American lumbermen have to fight fraudulent concerns within their own country is plain by an advertise- ment before us in a Chicago lumber cotemporary from the Philadelphia Wholesale Lumber Dealers’ Association warning the trade against certain fraudulent parties who send out “letters type written and of business like DECEMBER, 1894 appearance, giving usually some fake concern asa refer- ence.” The lumber shipped to these parties 1s never paid for. F In the case of the man who deliberately plans to get lumber into his hands with no intention whatever of pay- ing for it, there is only one way to deal with sucha party, and that isto put the criminal law into force. And at the same time for the shipper to exercise the ut- most caution in selling goods to unknown concerns. Better lose a sale than give the lumber away. In other cases named, where the trouble arises ont of methods of inspection, the remedy is one that rests to a large extent in the hands of the lumbermen themselves. They must get together and so arrange their inspection methods that no one man can take the inspection rules into his _ own hands and defy the entire trade. This carries the inference, of course, that the entire trade will bein shape to act, when need be, as one man. EDITORIAL NOTES. AN experiment in the exporting of Canadian lumber that may develop into something worth while, has been made by Mr. A De Bruyne, a new resident of Aylmer, Que., who recently came from Belgium. He has caused . to be shipped to his native land 100,000 feet of lumber, besides a quantity of dimension lumber, purchases from Conroy’s mills and fiom Klock. Bros. It seems to be his opinion that there is a good market there for Cana- dian lumber. The results of the experiments will be — watched with interest. PATIENCE and perseverance may result ultimately in “getting there” in the case of the lumbermen who have at different times attempted to raft logs on the Pacific Ocean. [t must be admitted, however, that those who undertake this work are likely to need the perseverance of the saints. So far every attempt in this direction has been a flat failure. On Oct.12th, Robinson & Bains, of San Fransisco, sent out from Astoria a raft so constructed that it was believed it could stand the battle of the waves and winds. It did not take many days to prove the futility of the effort. This raft has gone to pieces on the Pacific Ocean and thousands of piles are now floating at the mercy of the waves. The cost of lumber and lashing in this case is estimated at between $50,000 and $60,000 and the insurance about $18,000. Is there any business in taking these risks ? "1 IN our Michigan letter of this month the remark is quoted of one of the heaviest United States’ owners of Canadian pine, that despite the privilege of exporting sawed lumber free, he prefers to send his stuff over in the logs and cut on the Saginaw side of the line. The reason given is that there is to be found there a regular market for lumber, and as a consequence a better price 1s realized. In Ontatio we have no market as United States Jumbermen understand the term. Buyers can go to Saginaw and there make at the time a selection of whatever classes of lumber they are requiring. Here we have no central point where lumber of the different kinds is got together and offered for sale. The position as- sumed by this Michigan lumberman emphasizes what has been stated in these columns from time to time, that steps ought to be taken to establish a regular lumber market for Ontario. Toronto has been mentioned in this particular more than once, but no active measures have ever been inaugurated. The suggestion came to the LUMBERMAN a few days ago that northern mill men might with profit enter into an arrangement whereby they would plan some method to carry this purpose into practical effect. IN a chatty paragraph on the Eli page, Mr. McRae, of Ottawa, tells us of the ravages to whartage works per- petrated by the toredo, and he describes interestingly the methods of operation of this little insect. The Cana- dian Pacific Navigation Co., at Vancouver, B. C., have — been at continual expense and inconvenience through the havoc that the toredo has played among the piles of the extensive wharfs of that company. They have tried various efforts to overcome the trouble, but without much, if any, success. The latest movement is to secure from New South Wales a specimen pile of turpentine wood, - = fe ial dea ~ og bn ig indi ail ha ell Se ile oe an outcome of the late conference at Ottawa. a . DECEMBER, 1894 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 which is said to be proof against the ravages of the toredo. Aside from the use that may be made of this _ wood for this particular purpose, it will be interesting to note whether the introduction of Australian turpentine wood into this country may not result in a development of the lumber trade between thetwo countries. Itis claim- ed that there are several species of woods in Australia that would be found useful for wharfage works, railway ties, and other purp?ses in Canada. We had occas‘on to quote Mr. Carter Troop, some time since, suggesting as a result of his visit to the Antipodes the liklihood of reciprocity in woods between Australia and Canada. Mr. J. S. Larke is about leaving for Australia, as special Canadian commissioner, for the particular purpose of endeavoring to extend trade between the two countries, May we ‘not hope to discover as one result of Mr. Larke’s mission that the lumber trades will be benefited thereby ? WHILST complaint comes from some quarters that Canadian lumbermen are acting unwisely 1n holding up ‘the price of lumber, it would appear from what is trans- piring in other white pine territories that they have shown a good measure of foresight in coming to this decision. The evidence is clear now that stocks on hand at the close of the season will not be nearly so large as had been anticipated in the early summer. Is not white pine, even though stocks were large, a valua- able enough asset to comand a decent paying price? ‘The Minneapolis lumbermen are coming to this con- clusion. The manufacturers of the Mississippi valley held a meeting a fortnight ago where they resolved : “That it is the sense of this meeting that there is no occasion of anticipating excessive stocks of logs or lum- ) ber and no substantial reasons for continuing the pre- sent low prices of lumber.” This is a district where, perhaps, more than at any other point, unless we except Wisconsin, the trade have for some months persistently kept down the price of white pine. They now see their folly, and are going to undertake, which ‘is not always an easy transaction, to get prices up again. President Laird, of the Mississippi Valley Lumberman’s Association succinctly placed the case like this: ‘‘ It may be con- sidered a well settled principle of business that a man must think well of his own stuffif he expects other people to place a proper value on it.” This onesentence might be taken as a motto for white pine lumbermen every- where. If lumbermen themselves do not place a value on their product those who want to buy this product are not likely to encourage them in that direction. The mistake can sometimes be made of being too stiff in matters of this nature, but we believe, so far as white ~ dian lumbermen in holding to a fair price. pine is concerned, that the conditions of the market warrant the decision of the lumbermen of the Missis- sippi valley, and better still, the stand taken by Cana- This does not mean a combine to raise prices. It is simply a policy of self preservation—refusing to sacrifice what a man holds himself. As the Timberman has said he is a foolish man who supposes that it is better to sell gold dollars at goc. than not to sell them at all. The Glens Falls Pulp Company, of Glens Falls, N. Y., who recently bought a large area of spruce limits on the Batiscan River, on the line of the Lake St. John Rail- way, are now making 100,000 logs on these limits and on the River Miquick, which flows into the Batiscan. These logs are to be cut into pulp wood, at the mouth of the Batiscan River, and sent from there by canal boat to Glens Falls, where they will be manufactured into pulp and paper. By the failure of the London banking house of Nevelli & Co, who were the financial agents of the St. Lawrence ‘Lumber Company, of the Maritime Provinces, the latter ~ company will go into liquidation. The Canadian stock- ‘holders are few, but their interest is large. They are “Senator K. F. Burns, who held over half the subscribed “stock ; Hon. Peter White, Speaker of the House of Commons, who held £7,000 ; W. H. Thorn, J. J. Mc- affigan and J. M. Humphery estate, but the three Jatter interests are small. The liabilities in Canada will amount to $60,000, R. James McEvoy, of the Geological Survey, who has just returned from his summer field work in the Kamloops district, British Columbia, tells an alarm- ing story of the destruction of the valuable timber re- sources of that province. He states forest fires this year were more destructive than ever. For weeks this sum- mer fires were so numerous in the Kamioops district that he was unable to see more than 40 feet ahead. The Indians are responsible for this great destruction of valuable timber. They do not set out the fires care- lessly, but purposely, with the object of making hunting easier and better. After strips of forest are burned down, the burned country in a year or two becomes cov- ered with a growth of grass, and the large game leave the thick forests and congregate about the grass mead- ows, where a greater quantity of food can be obtained. The Indians thus find it easierto getthe game. During the last three weeks of Mr. McEvoy’s stay on the slope, he was obliged to camp in snow from six inches to a foot deep. k * * * “ Hardwood lumber trade in this section, says Mr. J. E. Murphy, of Hepworth, Ont., “is particularly dull and lifeless. There is a somewhat increasing enquiry from American points, but prices offered are very low. Hard- wood of all kinds can be bought here to-day just as cheap as before: the duty was removed, and in some kinds, such as hard maple and soft elm, cheaper than it has been for several years. The statement made in a late issue of your journal by a Buffalo dealer, that Cana- dian manufacturers were asking $2.00 per 1000 more for their lumber now than before the duty was removed, must be erroneous. I can find a dozen or more manu- facturers in this vicinity who will be glad to sell two or three million feet of hardwoods at prices that have ruled here for the past few years.” Kaede te. 9 Herbert Moulton, representative of a Michigan lum- bering firm, and who passed through Toronto recently, on his return from a trip to the North Shore lumbering districts of the province, has this to say of the present situation : “ The new tariff laws affecting lumber, places us in about the same position as we would be in the event of annexation ; and as the forests of Michigan are gradually becoming exhausted, we are forced to look about, and Canadians may expect a rush for mill sites in the northern part of your province before long. Our people will also be looking anxiously for timber limits, and the next public sale will see higher prices paid. The private limits that were offered here in Toronto some time ago, were not sought after by the Michigan lumbermen, solely because the sale was advertised at a time when the passage of the Wilson Bill was ina state of glorious uncertainty, and the lands were offered at auction only a few days after the bill was made law, not allowing the American capitalists time to decide upon their future course and have purchasers in attendance at the sale.” k * & ¥ C. N. Emerson, a representative of the William Hamilton Manufacturing Co., of Peterboro, has given the following account of the so-called alligator, used at some points in the province for hauling logs through the lake regions: “J. R. Booth, Buell, Hurdman & Co., W. C. Edwards and Gilmour & Co. drive their logs from 300 to 500 miles. They use flat boats called ‘alligators,’ which are provided with a powerful engine and boiler so managed as to be easily attached to the paddle wheels, one of which is on each side of the boat when it travels through the water as any sensible boat does, but when necessary this boat will climb out of the water on to dry land and crawl over land until it gets to water, when it waddles into the water again like a duck. This is done by disconnecting the engine from the paddle wheels and connecting it to a drum around which is coiled about a mile of 3 inch wire rope. This rope is paid out and attached to a tree.or tock or other suitable “snubbing post ;” and if no other suitable object 1s in sight, unlike other boats, the ‘ gator’ is not to be beaten, but out goes the big anchor, one of the flukes is buried in the ground, the engine started and the drum revolv- ed, to which the engine is attached through powerful gears to increase the power ; and so the rope is wound up, and, of course, the boat goes up to the ‘snub,’ when the rope is paid out again, and so on until the ‘gator’ is again in water. The engineer on one told me that in going over land the ‘gator’ is sometimes mighty hard to handle, as it is sure to head for a mud hole if there is one around. He told me that he had known them to leave the straight line, veer around and yo thirty feet out of the way and tumble into a mud-hole, in spite of all the swearing of the captain and work of the crew. To use his own words, ‘“‘D—n her, she knows when there is water around as well as we do, and we can’t keep her out of it.” So-it would seem as though water is her native element sure enough. This same man says that his ‘gatoi’ fairly grunts when she slips into the water after an over land journey. These alligators are indispensable for logging where the country is all dotted with lakes, as they tow the logs across a lake, start them down the rapids to the next lake (most of these lakes are connected by short, rapid streams, or rapids or falls), the alligator then goes over land to the lower lakes, picks up the logs, tows them across this lake, and so on.” * % * A short time since it was my pleasure to meet Mr. J. W. McRae, of McRae & Co., Ottawa, whose opera- tions in lumber have been on a considerable scale and varied in their nature. Mr. McRae isa cyclopedia of information, touching almost anything of a mechanical kind. I suppose this bent of mind has influenced him in taking hold for Canada of what is known as the Ger- man process of producing artificial woods out of some one particular kind of wood, or what is perhaps known best as “ebonizing,” “mahoganizing,” and rosewoodiz- ing,” the softer woods like pine, or as in Mr. McRae’s case, birch. Mr. McRae showed me a specimen that he had with him that certainly was an excellent imitation of the real article. He instanced acase of showing an imi- tation of Italian walnut to a person who was supposed to know the real article from the artificial, and when Mr. McRae frankly told his friend that what he held in his hand was only an imitation of Italian walnut, he was met with the decided reply, “ You don’t fool me in that manner.” It isnot my intention here to give a description of Mr. McRae’s method of thus altering woods. Some time ago mention at some length was made of the matter in these columns. Despite the severity of criticism that this class of work occassionally receives, Mr. McRae is confident of its practicability and its uses. It has been a success in Germany, where an apple wood is altogether used for the work. In Canada, birch has been found the most sutiable, and because of the character of the grain, it fits in admirably for this work. Talking of ap- plying chemicals to woods for preservation, drew forth’a reference to the extent to which creosote is used in the case of railway ties. And here it is claimed that in Australia there is to be found a wood that will withstand climate and insects, and the suggestion has already been made that it would be a good plan to have this wood exported to Canada. The most deadly insect that works in wood is the toredo, but it is said that certain Australian woods are proof even against the ravages of this little insect. Mr. McRae told of the wonderful operations of this insect in worming its way into timbers used in the construction of harbors and other wharfage works. Hesays they start as little insects about the size of a pin’s head and work their way in myriads into the timbers and practically make these there home, grow- ing to considerable size while at work in this manner. A peculiarity of the toredo is that while they will assail a piece of timber literally by the thousand, they never en- croach, as it where, upon each other’s territory, though as dividing one from the other the partitions will not be any thicker than a sheet of paper. In the playful language of the day, it may be said the toredo is a little fellow, but Oh my! 101!” THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence Canapa LUMBERMAN.] N important meeting of the Board of: Trade was held here a week ago to consider the question of the early enforce- ment of the recent sawdust legislation. By this measure on the first of May next mill men will be prevented from dumping their sawdust and refuse into the Ottawa river as hitherto. This will necessitate the erection of large burners by the mill men, at a considerable cost, besides placing them at great in- convenience and expense otherwise. The protest from the lumbermen’s section of the Board of Trade was a vigorous one, and some important facts were brought out touching the extent of the lumber industry in Ottawa. Mr. J. W. McRae in introducing a motion, dwelt on the subject at issue largely from the standpoint of the forwarder. He pointed out that there were 9,000 men employed in the woods by Ottawa firms, 5,500 in the mills, and 600 on the river. 5,314 horses are employed, and men and ‘horses consumed 7,970 tons of hay, 478,125 bushels of oats, 12,750 barrels of pork, 31,875 bags of flour, 5,314 bushels of beans, 2,662 bushels of peas, 637 tons of beef, and 1,595 tubs of butter. The canal tolls derived from the Rideau canal amounted to $41,161, seven- eighths of which was paid on sawn lumber. These were figures that, in Mr. McRae’s opinion, ought to be carefully weighed before any effort was made to put the legislation of the Hon. Mr. Tupper into force. Hon. Mr. Bronson made a strong defence of the lumbermen’s position. He quoted Mr. Sandford Fleming, who examined the river in 1872 and 1889, and who, as an engineer, expressed the opinion that there was no danger to navigation in the river then, nor likely to be He used the report of the New York Fish Commission to prove that although far larger quantities of saw- dust were dumped into the Hudson than into the Ottawa, yet the supply of shad and salmon were increasing in that river to Dominion Analyst McFarlane had’ given evidence that the sawdust had produced no deleterious effect upon the water. It is on these points that the govern- ment have largely based their sawdust legislation, and it is admitved that Mr. Bronson has made a strong case against them. He declared that in the last six or eight years business of the Ottawa firms had de- Two-thirds of the limits had been cut and at the best it could not be many years before Ottawa’s supremacy as a lumber section would be lost. A result of the discussion was the passing of a resolution setting forth the importance of the lumber mills as the main industry of the Ottawa valley, giving employment to thousands of persons at all times of the year ; that the practice of depositing sawdust in the Ottawa river and its tributaries had existed for the last 40 years; and that during the re- maining period when lumbering would be an industry of any importance in Ottawa no increased injury could be done to the for ages to come. a large extent every year. Mr. Bronson went further, creased 50 per cent. and was on the decline. river. The position of the lumbermen was opposed mainly by Senator Clemow, who argued that the Ottawa river belonged to the whole Dominion, and that no exception should be made with it as against other localities. The meeting was prolonged until a late hour and then adjourned to some future date to be announced. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. A new saw mill is being built at Aylmer, Que., ' Baillie. The Hawkesbury Milling Co. is one of the few concerns in this district that has sold its cut. by W. & J. A large number of men have been sent forward during the ‘month to J. R. Booth’s mills on the Temiscamengue. A gang of Ottawa shantymen are engaged making improve- ments on the reserve of McLachlin Bros., on the Madawaska. The opinion is entertained here that the placing of African mahogany in large quantities in the English market will not help the prices of Canadian hardwoods. A great deal of dissatisfaction continues to exist over the action of the Controller of Customs regarding the duty on boom sticks. What puzzles lumbermen is the object of the step at a time of the year when logging is practically over. A number of large buyers have been visitors to the city dur- ing the month. Among these may be named Beckett & Dobell, of Quebec; A. A. Buell, Burlington, Vt.; W. McArthur, Toronto; E. H. Wade, Quebec; J. H. Redfern, Montreal; and R. M. Cox, of Liverpool. No important sales are to be noted as a result of these visits. Buyers say that prices for deals are held high. Orrawa, CAN., Nov. 22, 1894. . The man who succeeds in business generally deserves _suc- cess. The luck theory is carried too far. Some men acquire wealth and prominence through a chance in fortune’s wheel, but by far the greatest proportion owe prosperity to systematic effort, personal eneigy and unremitting toil. —Traffic. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] WELL WRITTEN and vigorously worded letter has appeared in the local press from Mr. J. G. Scott, of the Pacific Coast Lumber Co., New Westminster, in answer to ““gross misstatements” made by Col. Chauncy W. Griggs, of Tacoma, regarding the lumbering business in British Columbia. ‘Mr. Griggs, who had evidently talked for election purposes, made the statement that Canadian lumber mills are all run by Chinamen except the foreman, and that these Chinamen re- ceived uniform wages of 75 cents per day. Mr. Scott gives the statement an emphatic denial and challenges Mr. Griggs to produce evidence. He says: ‘‘I will bear the cost of taking a complete census of the employees of Canadian lumber and shingle mills, if the result of such census will show that one out of every 100 of these employees is a Chinaman. Further- more, I assert and am prepared to support my assertion, that both our wages and cost of living are higher in British Colum- bia than yours on Puget Sound.” Mr. Griggs had made equally foolish and incorrect statements in regard to the duty on logs and the conditions and amount of trade between the two countries. It was not a difficult matter for Mr. Scott to point out the absurdity of the statements. COAST CHIPS. Two shipments of lumber have gone forward from the Bru- nette mills to San Francisco. The order received by the Ross-McLaren Lumber Co. for 100,000,000 feet for South Africa is giving renewed activity to lumber operations on the coast. We had always taken a great pride in this mill, but unfortunately conditions were such that it was forced to remain idle for some years. A big stick of Douglas fir, 36 in. square by 60 feet in length, has been loaded along with other lumber at the Brunette mills for Montreal, where it will be used by the harbor commission- ers in the construction of a dredge. This stick was an exceed- ingly pietty one, being entirely free from either knot or blemish of any kind. The Forestry Department of New South Wales have shipped to Vancouver a specimen pile 48 feet long of turpentine wood, with a view to representing the usefulness of this timber in wharfage works. It is said to be proof against the ravages of the toredo, and serious injury has been done to the wharves here with this pest. New WESTMINSTER, B.C., Nov. 18, 1894. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. HE mill of Stetson, Cutler & Co., which has been idle a large part of the season is now running. Mills generally are in active operation. Negotiations are in progress between F. H. Eaton & Sons, of Calais, Me., and W. H. & J. Rourke, of St. Martins, N. B., for the purchase of the mill property of the latter, together with considerable limits. Robt. Conners, a St. Francis river lumberman, has expressed the opinion that the winter’s cut on the St. John’s and its tri- butaries the coming winter will be smaller than that of a year ago. It may be remarked that all lumbermen do not hold to Mr. Conner’s view. It is believed that operations this winter in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia, will be on an increased scale because of heavy losses suffered by fire during the past summer. The Shulee Lumber Co. will get out about 70,000 pieces of piling, and probably 6,000,000 feet of logs. There is an agitation for establishing in the province a fac- _ tory for creosoting lumber. At present all creosoted lumber is imported from the United States. Lumbermen here have their sawdust grievance, and at present a strong disagreement exists between Messrs. Davidson, lumber- men, and the local government. The objection comes mainly from the fishermen, while lumbermen argue that the import- ance of their industry far exceeds that of the fisheries. St. Joun, N. B., Nov. 20., 1894. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HIPPING operations by water have been quite active during the month in anticipation of the closing of navigation. The figures for October for water shipments from Saginaw are in excess of shipments for the same month last year by 13,000,000 feet and are about the same figures behind shipments for October 1892. The year 1882 was the banner year for lake shipments, the total then being represented by 781,648,844 feet. . The Hon. R. A. Loveland, of the Saginaw Lumber & Salt Co., who recently returned from the Canadian lumbering PA 7 = a ia DECEMBER, 1894 eee regions has expressed this opinion of the situation : “* Lumber is held very firmly in Canada. There has been a very good — demand for deals anda large quantity of them have been manufactured in Canada the last year. Trade with us is very good. We have shipped considerable lumber into Canada, strange as it may seem, during the year, and are at the present time loading several cars for Toronto.” , BITS OF LUMBER. Hardwood operations are likely to be slow in the woods the coming winter. ; The Arthur Hill Co., of Saginaw, has 250,000,000 feet of timber on Moon River, Ont. The logging road, known as the Detroit, Bay City and Alpena has been sold under foreclosure of mortgage. The shipping record of Alpena for October is 84,000,000 feet of lumber, 6,355,000 shingles, 1,027,000 staves, 3,050,000 Pests _ of lath, 1,240,000 pieces of cedar. The H. M. Loud & Sons Lumber Co., of Oscoda, say that. a4 Canadian competition is being felt by them. They say that Norway piece stuff has reached the lowest figure since 1892. In answer to a statement that has been current that this com pany have been shipping large quantities of cedar into Canada they say: “The only cedar that has ever been shipped from ~ here to Canada is two cars, special long poles wanted quick and not obtainable.there. This is the first Canadian order ever received and we don’t ever expect any more orders.” All sorts of opinions are going around in regard to the possibility of Michigan lumbermen doing a good share of their cutting in Canadian saw mills. One view expressed by a large Michigan owner of Canadian limits gives solace to our people here. It is this that, even at an increased cost, it will pay Michigan men better to tow their logs to Michigan shores and — have them cut here, because of the better market in Michigan enabling them to secure an increased price. Touse this lumber- man’s words: ‘‘I will never have a single log cut ina Cana- dian mill for the reason that I can realize a better profit and a_ ghicter return on my investments by bringing the logs here in rafts.” ’ L. P. Mason speaks of the present season as a very quiet one. _ He has pretty well sent out his shipments for the season and does not anticipate much further trade this year. Manu- ‘facturing for the season is about at an end at this point of the river. The Merrill mill has only run since Sept. last, while the Gould & Cambrey Co., and Mitchell, McClure Co. have not cut a log. The Whitney and Batchelor mill only operated part of the season and so on through the record. All mills are running light. Jt is not thought that the cut at the Saginaw end of the river this season will go beyond from 160,000,000 to 175,000,000 feet, where in 1893 the total cut was 267,484,- 612 feet. Sacinaw, Micu., Nov. 19, 1894. RECENT CANADIAN PATENTS. Henry Campbell, Baltimore, Md., has obtained a patent, No. 46,998, on a method of and machine for dowelling. A patent No. 47,074 was granted’ on Sept. 2oth to John Bowles, Washington, D. C., on a combined saw and planer. Patent No. 46,918 has been granted to Algernon S. Pethe- rew, St. Louis, Mo., on Automatic Receding Saw Mill Set- Works. Robert Graham and Geo Roe, of Ottawa, Ont., were granted, on Sept. 17th, a patent, No. 47,106, on a method of moulding, in one piece, turbine water wheels. MATTER OF ADHESION. MONG what may be called mechanical fallacies is “adhesion” of ropes, bands or other tractive apparatus for transmission. Adhesion instead of being a virtue is commonly a vice, lessening first cost at a loss of double as much in maintenance. There is no lack of tractive force ; in fact, there is too much of it in most driving gearing, and we recommend that when an pees Ne comes around to explain what a high duty he can attain — with a rope, or how much the driving power of a basihe can be increased, the safest way is to place no confidence in such schemes and have nothing to do with them. If ropes slip, more ropes are needed ; ifbelts slip they are toonarrow. Ifa shaft is required to perform a certain work, we provide one at least three times as large as the torsonial strain demands ; a wide factor of efficiency is’ provided in wheel teeth, beams, framing, indeed in nearly all the elements of machinery until we come to belts and ropes for transmission. These are commonly strained to their full capacity, hence the demand for increasing “‘adhesion.”—Industry, ; : a >" L ‘ ‘ mas! Cae) | - : aceon, 1894 THE NEWS. 4 —Dr. Graham has pereiaecs asaw mill near Buckingham, i Que. - —D. S. Gibson, saw mill, business. —S. Y. Bullis, of Athens, Ont., is fitting up his saw mill for the coming season. ; —A new saw mill is being built at Prince Albert, N. W. T., by Daniel Shannon. A. H. McLane has purchased valuable milling property _ at Hopewell Hill, N. B. _ —The Lake St. John railroad carried last year over $600,000 worth of lumber and firewood. ; - —The Lovell planing mill at Niagara Falls, Ont., ry taken over by A. Carnochan & Son. —The Carberry, Man., planing mill will be sold by fore- closure of mortgage on December I. | Eee Ellaton, Ont., is giving up has been ai —Wilson Bros. are adding a three-story brick building to a their planing mill at Collingwood, Ont. = oll Chaput, lumber, L’Assomption, Que., is offering _ to compromise at 25 cents on the dollar. __ —The lumber cut of C. L. White, of Apple River, N.S., _ this winter will be about 6,000,000 feet. _ —«E. T. Nesbitt, lumber dealer, Quebec, has compromised with his creditors at ten cents on the dollar. —Garson, Purcer & Co. are rebuilding their planing mill at Brockville, Ont., recently destroyed by fire. z —The Rathbun Co. will take out large quantities of logs and timber at Dead Creek during the coming winter. —A crew has left Selkirk for Lake Winnipeg to get out logs for next season’s cut of the Mitchell mill at that place. _ —H. Philion & Co., sash and door manufacturers, Ottawa, “Ont., have dissolved partnership, A. N. Philion continuing. —About seventy men are now at D. E. Sprague’s lumber camp on the Rosseau river getting out logs for his Winnipeg mill. —Thompson Smith’s Sons have bought the pine on the Birch Island Reserve, Manitoulin, from Burton Bros., of Barrie. —The mills of the Longford Lumber Co. at Longford, Ont., closed down a ek ago, after running steadily for seven _ months. __ —TPhe machinery for the new saw mill at Virden, Man., is being placed in position, and the mill will shortly be in operation. brooke, ae is reported insolvent. His liabilities are fixed p> at $5,000 —Brosseau Bros. & Co., sash manufacturers, Montreal, have turned over their estate to an assignee. Liabilities, are esti- _ mated at $12,500. —H. S. Lowndes, who erected a saw mill a few years ago at ~ Gaspe, Que., is reported in financial difficulties and has been 4 _ asked to assign. ‘ het '—WNesbit & Lalonde, sashes and doors, Winnipeg, have dis- solved partnership. The business will be continued by Mil- 4 i ford, Lalonde & Co. 3 ae —John Piggott & Co., of Windsor and Chatham, Ont., have __ bought a million feet of pine lumber from Pitts & Co., of Bay 7" “City, Michigan. i —The saw mill at Sydney, B. C., has been purchased by : Swen Morrison, of the Rock Bay lumber yard, who will ¢ operate the mill at once. 3 _ —John Kidd, of Wiarton, is erecting a saw mill on Griffith Sawing will be com- s =: at sland and is putting the machinery in. ‘menced early in the year. p ae —Incorporation has been granted the St. Maurice Tool and _ Axe Works, of Three Rivers, Que., to manufacture axes, tools, ete. The capital stock is $40,000. _ —It is said that a Vancouver, B.C., mill owner contemplates peepening a lumber yard in San Francisco and entering into _ competition with Puget Sound mills. —A cargo of one million feet of long lumber, and one of 263,000 feet, with a quantity of laths, pickets and spars, recently left St. John, N. B., for Australia. ~ It is said a new lumber industry to employ 50 hands will be located in Walkerville. Some $50,000 will be spent in pete: the old beet sugar refinery in shape. , —The Cookshire Mill Company have again started their saw _ mill at Cookshire, Que., and have given a contract for taking out 3,000,000 feet of logs the coming winter. 7! —F. X. Simoneau, manufacturer of sashes and doors, Sher- —The assignment is reported of James Gordon, lumber dealer of London, Ont., with liabilities of $7,000 and no assets. He traded principally on commission. —J. A. Rosseau, of Ste. Anne, Que., contemplates erecting a large saw mill on the Lower Laurentian railway, near Riviere a Pierre, to cut deals for the English market. —A\ partnership has been formed between R. R. Dobell, Lorenzo Evans, and W. M. Dobell, lumber merchants, Que- bec, under the style of Dobell, Becket & Co., and in England ° as Richard R. Dobell & Co. —The Mississaga River Improvement Co., of Thessalon, Ont., dams, slides, or other works necessary for the transmission of timber down the Mississaga river. Chas. Birge has successfully operated a saw mill at Horning’s Mills, Ont., for the past ten years, but lost his mill by fire in April last. The expense of rebuilding has proved too heavy a strain on his capital, and he now assigns. —E. C. Whitney’s saw mill at Long Lake, on the Ottawa and Parry Sound Railway, is nearing completion. The build- ing is erected and ready for the machinery, which will be put in on completion of the railway to that point. —Mill No. 2 of the Ontario and Western Lumber Co., at Norman, Man., closed down for the season recently, after the most successful run yet made. The season’s cut was nearly 11,000,000 feet of lumber and 3,000,000 lath. —The Canadian business of H. Colclough, of Saginaw, Mich., has been managed by Moiles Bros., and the mills are situated at Johns Island in Lake Huron. As the result of a number of judgments being obtained against them, an assign- ment has been made. —The Rathbun Co., of Deseronto, have recently purchased all the tie timber on the Wikwinikong Indian reserve, Mani- toulin Island. The company’s agent, Mr. Baker, of Lindsay, is now onthe reserve making arrangements to have the ties taken out this season. —The Dickson Lumber Co., one of the oldest industries in Peterboro’, Ont., is about to cease operations. The firm was established about fifty years ago by Samuel Dickson, who was drowned in £870 near the mill, a pier upon which he was standing being overturned by a rush of logs. —A. De Bruyne, who recently arrived in Canada from Belgium, has just made a shipment of lumber from Aylmer, Que., to that country. The shipment consisted of one hundred thousand feet, besides a quantity of dimension lumber, and was purchased from Conroy’s and Klock Bros.’ mills. —A short time ago D. S. Clemens built a saw and heading mill in the city of Guelph, and was meeting with a degree of success, but has been obliged through lack of capital to make an assignment. The property was offered for sale by auction, but was withdrawn, the highest bid not reaching the amount of the reserve bid. =i —Alex. Gibson, the lumber king of Maryville, N. B., has finished his season’s lumbering operations. His shipments of deals during the season aggregated over eighty-three million feet, the largest aggregate in one season in all his experience. He operated no less than eleven mills, besides his own at Maryville and Blackville. —During his visit to Southern Manitoba the past summer, the Hon. T. M. Daly, Minister of the Interior, became im- pressed with the importance of immediate action being taken to preserve the timber in the Turtle Mountains. With that end in view a number of bush rangers will be appointed to patrol the mountains and see that the timber is not recklessly destroyed, and that settlers do not cut timber without having first secured the necessary permit. —The manufacturing of lumber in the vicinity of Ottawa, is nearly at an end for the season. The lumber cut has been about 298,000,000 feet, made up as follows: J. R. Booth, of Ottawa, 90,000,000 feet ; Bronson & Weston, Ottawa, 73,000,- 000; Buell, Orr & Hurdman, Hull, 70,000,000; W. C. Ed- wards, Rockland, 60,000,000 ; Hawkesbury Lumber Company, 55,000,000 ; McLachlan Bros., Arnprior, 50,000,000 ; Gil- mour & Hughson, Hull, 40,000,000; James McLaren estate, 35,000,000 ; Gillies Bros., Braeside, 25,000,000 ; Ross Bros., Buckingham, 10,000,000. —Mr. James McEvoy, of the Dominion Geological Survey, has just returned from his summer field work in the Kamloops, B.C., district. He reports serious destruction of the valuable timber resources of that province, the fires the past summer being more destructive than ever. The Indians are said to be responsible for this destruction, the object being to make hunting easier, as after strips of forest are burned down the ground in a year or two becomes covered with a growth of grass, and the large game seek the grass meadows and are thus more easily captured by the Indians. has been granted provincial incorporation, to construct - THE CANADA LUMBERMAN . aan FIRES AND CASUALTIES. FIRES. —Wnm. Barnum’s saw mill near Queensboro’, Ont., was de- stroyed by fire on the oth ultimo. $1,000. Loss, $2,500; insurance, —Fire recently destroyed C. W. Taylor’s sash and door fac- tory at Cookshire, Que. The loss is estimated at $4,000 and the insurance $3,000. —C. M. Bostwick’s steam saw mill at Salmon River, N. B., was destroyed by fire about the last of October. $13,000 ; insurance $7,500. Loss, —A large planing mill at Shubenacadia, N. S., owned by John Lay‘on and valued at $25,000, was burned recently. A quantity of lumber was also consumed. —The planing mill of Withrow & Hillock, corner Queen and George streets, Toronto, suffered a loss of $6,000 by fire about the 1st of November. It is supposed to be the work of an incendiary. —E. A. Byran’s stave millat Blenheim, Ont., on fire on the 7th of November. was discovered The storerooms in rear of the mill, in which was stored a quantity of finished stock, were almost totally destroyed. —The splendid saw mill of Knignt & Lowe, at Fourth Chute, Ont., about six miles north of Eganville, was totally consumed by fire the early part of November. Three car loads of shingles, ready for shipment, were also burned. New ma- chinery has lately been placed in the mill, which was valued at $11,000. There was an insurance of $4,000. CASUALTIES. —While working in Baker’s mill, at Randolph, N. B., Hard- ing Watters had one of his hands severely lacerated. —A young man named T. Roberge, of New Liverpool, Que., recently broke his leg while lumbering in the woods at North Stratford. —Charles W. Brown miraculously escaped instant death in Craig’s planing mill on Dundas street, Toronto, a fortnight ago. He was caught by the belting and brought in contact with the circular saw, but was rescued in time to save him from instant death. His left arm and leg were both broken, and other injuries were received, but it is thought he will recover. —wW. J. Spence, an employee of Craig & Co.’s planing mill, Toronto, was killed while attempting to adjust a belt in the mill recently. The belt had slipped from the pulley, and Spence attempted to adjust it while the machinery was in operation by the use ofa stick which was hurled against his chest, crushing his ribs. He only lived a few minutes after the accident. He leaves a wife and seven children, who have the sympathy of all in their bereavement. PERSONAL. —The name of Mr. Harold Kennedy, lumber merchant, 1s mentioned as a probable candidate in Quebec West for election to the Provincial legislature. Mr. D. Menzies, lumber merchant, of Vancouver, B. C., recently arrived from the west ona visit to his home at Ailsa Craig, and to renew his many acquaintances throughout Ontario. Mr. M. F. Quinn, of the Export Lumber Co., New York, spent the greater part of last month in Montreal. His mission was in connection with the loading of two large steamers with white pine for South America. eee PUBLICATIONS. The Saw Mill Gazette, of New York, which has always been a welcome and appreciated visitor to our sanctum, has changed its title to ‘‘ Lumber,” as being more comprehensive in fulfilling the mission it has in view of covering the entire fiield of wood working ‘‘ from the tree to the finished product.” A recent addition to the periodical press, that seems to meet a felt need, is the New Science Review, published quarterly in New York. The editor is Mr. J. M. Stoddart, who has had a wide and successful experience in journalism of the higher class. The two issues of the Review that have come to our table, are of a character that would seem to insure the success of this new claimant for public support. The class of papers published, whilst of a scientific character, and in all cases from writers whose names ought to carry authority with them, are yet couched in such terms and shaped in a manner to make them readily understood by the ordinary layman. — The great consumers of hard lumber are the furniture manu- facturers ; hence, because furniture making isn’t being pushed very hard just now, the demand for hard lumber is light. 3 | THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, Nov. 26, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. S the end of the year draws nearly toa close, lum- bermen everywhere commence to lessen their activi- ties and prepare themselves for learning what they have accomplished during the year, or what they have failed to accomplish. One story of quietness is told, whatever source may be tapped for information, but this condition does not carry with it any serious spirit of despondency. The timeis too early yet toenter with fulness into a summary ofthe year’s business. Ina later issue, the LUM- BERMAN will follow its usual customand review conditions generally and at allleading lumber points. Introductory to this step an approximate estimate of the cut of the Ottawa district might be given here. This is estimated as follows: J. R. Booth, Ottawa, 90,090,000 feet ; Bron- son & Weston, Ottawa, 73,000,000 ; Buell, Orr& Hurdman, Hull, 70,000,000 ; W. C. Edwards, Rockland, 60,000,000 ; Hawkesburv Lumber Company, 55,000,000 ; McLachlan Bros., Arnprior, 50,000,000 ; Gilmour & Hughson, Hull, 40,000,000 ; James McLaren estate, 35,000,000 ; Gillies Bros., Braeside, 25,000,000 ; Ross Bros., Buckingham, 10,000,000. It is also at this time of the year that some conception can be realized of the outcome foranother sea- son. It is estimated that 50% of next season’s cut of lumber in the Ottawa district is already sold, and at prices satisfactory to manufacturers. This 1s a hopeful indication of, at least, fair prices next year. The export lumber trade from the Ottawa district is, of course, about closed for the season. Along the North Shore and the northern sections of the province, only fair supplies of stocks are to be found. At particular points we have reports of stocks on the piling grounds being heavy, but there is good reason to believe, taking the aggregate of stocks in the north, that these are only moderate. A largenumberof men have been sent into the woods, and if they are kept at work through- out the season the cut will be one of considerable size, but this is a point on which lumbermen themselves are not prepared to say much yet. The size of the cut will be governed by conditions that will develop during the next three or four months. British Columbia trade does not improve, outside of the stimulus that has been given the trade in that pro- vince through the expected early opening of the Ross- McLaren mill, made necessary by the large order re- ceived by that firm from South Africa. A number of vessels have loaded, or are in course of loading at Van- couver for foreign parts, but this trade is after all not on an extensive scale. Dealers report a fair amount of local business in Win- nipeg and certain parts of Manitoba. activity is due there, as at other places, to the near ap- proach of winter when the mills will be closed down. There is about 50,000,000 feet of lumber on hand at the mills at the Lake of the Woods. This is rather more stock than mill men would like to see, and one effect is that the mills do not expect to do much more cutting next season than is necessary to keep stocks sorted up in the various lines required. It is said that none of the pine mill men will get out any Jogs in Canadian territory this year, but a limited quantity will be got out on the south side of Rainy River for the Lake of the Woods mills. UNITED STATES. Actual business of the month does not show any wonderful improvement, if the increased activity that al- ways comes prior to the closing of navigation is allowed for. Not for some months, however, has there been shown a greater confidence in the future of the lumber trade than has been observable since the elections of the early part of the month. Weare told that evidence of this confidence is to be seen in the determination of mill owners to put their plants in good shape for busi- ness, when business comes, as it is believed, it now will Business in manufacturing lines general- ly, is putting on yenewed energy and a quicken- ing in that direction must result in an increased consumption oflumber, In a word trade is getting over come shortly. This immediate .- being sick, and commencing to feel lusty enough to do something worth while. Perhaps this buoyancy will need to be discounted a little later on, but it is a good feeling anda kind that will lead toa revival of busi- ness ultimately. In the Saginaw Valley conditions are decidedly better, and the talk is there of an increase in the capacity of wood-working plants. At Buffalo, Ton- awanda and other eastern points, strength is being given to the lumber trade. It is the opinion, in important white pine regions like Michigan, Minneapolis and Wis- consin, that stocks on hand. at the close of the season will not be as large as was feared a few months ago. A conservative feeling exists touching operations in the woods the coming winter, and except in the burnt regions of Minneapolis and Wisconsin, where necessity will require a large cut, the impression is that the log output for the coming year will be lighter than usual. If this is the case, an overstocked market for 1895 is not very likely to occur, and the trade will be able to main- tain good prices. FOREIGN. There are numerous indications, say Denny, Mott & Dickson, of London Eng., that a reversion to an active state of trade in the United Kingdom is only held check by the various elements of uncertainty existing in the spheres of politics and labor. A plethora of capital is seeking industrial investment, which is an encouraging sign, compared with former conditions. Farnworth & Jardine, of Liverpool, report the arrivals from British North America for the past month to have been 42 ves- sels, 36,517 tons, against 32 vessels, 28,501 tons during the corresponding month last year. Of Canadian woods, this same firm says the imports of waney and square have been small, but the deliveries have been small and the stock is quite amp!e. Oak has moved oft very slow- ly during the month. Elm has not been imported, the demand has been very moderate and the stock is suffi- cient. Pine deals have not arrived too freely, and al- though the deliveries have been fair, values have not improved, and the stock is much too heavy. Lumber trade is undergoing a very satisfactory improvement in Newfoundland. The Chamber of Commerce, of St. John’s in its annual report says: ‘“ The lumber industry of the Island is increasing annually, and there are now several large mills exporting to the United Kingdom, where the quantity and prices obtained, compare favor- ably with the exports of the Dominion. With the further opening of the interior, the enlargement of this import- ant branch may be confidently Jooked for.” To some extent this expansion of trade is attributed to the exten- sion of railway facilities penetrating into the north of the colony, and the expectation is, that as the railway now under construction reaches further into the timber re- gions that there will be an increased development of business. HARDWOODS. The hardwood trade has been disturbed somewhat during the month with reports concerning the introduc- tion of large quantities of African mahogany into the British markets and the expectation that this wood may become a factor in American markets. We have given some space to a discussion of the question in another column. Suffice it to say here that the matter is worth thought and study by hardwood men. The develop- ment of the auction business, in New York, as covering both imported and domestic hardwoods, is a develop- ment of the month. The sale which took place a fort- night ago, is reported to have been quite a success. Local hardwood business is slow, and the trade do not speak in hopeful terms of the prospects for, at least, the next few months. Dullness in lumber appears to be in- digenous to the end of the year, and this, perhaps, in part, explains the present feeling of the trade. SHINGLES The prevailing dulness in the shingle trade of the past summer, continues into the fall of the year, and with the time about gone by when farmers might be expected to be consumers of a fair quantity of shingles, any revival in business cannot be expected immediately. This re- mark applies to local trade in Ontario. On the Coast, things continue depressed, and reports received from the United States tell no different tale. A new condi- tion in the shingle trade in Ontario is the introduction of white cedar shingles from New Brunswick. No DECEMBER, 1894 large quantities of these have come into the province, and yet for two years past, they have been imported to a greater or less extent. Those who are giving some attention to the white cedar shingles say, they see no reason why these cannot be brought into Ontario as ad- vantageously as the red cedar shingles can be brought from British Columbia. The distance is less, making a slight gain in point of freight. The white cedar shingle is a heavier shingle than either white pine or red cedar, and is favorably spoken of by those who have made it a business to become acquainted with them. — The price is about parallel with that asked for red cedar shingles, though on account of the thickness of the bundles these do not contain just as many shingles. Until a revival in the shingle market takes place, there is not any large encouragement for shingle mannfacturers to ~ open out fresh fields for their product, but so far as_ Ontario is concerned, if shingles are to be drawn trom the Pacific coast there seems no reason why Ontario may not also come under contribution for a portion of her supplies to the Maritime provinces. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, November 26, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS, I 1-4 in, cut up. and: better: 5-21, «ss .s.g cists eel alee eae 33 00 3600 zxzoand 12 dressing and betters... .. 1: s<.02 anes» ee ee 16 00 17 00 XX1O and Yo WOMMION... 6202s nyo esie vee eleva en eee eee 13 00 14 00 mxro and 12 spruces. 022 22 - ule iets oe 10 00 Ir 00 rxzo and 12 mill culls...... se.sev- 2 +e sess ncees sons eee 1 inch:clear-and picks... <...-.j0.02 <> eemeree eee ist eee 28 00 32 00 winchtressing and better. .-....--0:c--2.<00s eee 20 00 22 00 rituch (siding: mill sun... 3... 0. <- + s-7 cess eee See 1400 35 00 rinch siding common........ -'5\2..s = re< acem os emlasente ste nea Gee 12 00 13 00 rauchisiding ship'calls... 2/4 )...2...c20a002 se hee Il 00 12 00 wanchisiding mill culls... c0..2...00. 2 «0 02a ene 9 00 10 00° AMM SALINE - 2. aoc > Patel eieielale eae 3.0.0 0S siege ieee 800 9 00 x 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank...........-..+.-++-+..- 24 00 2600 1 inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run.............-+.--.-00- -- I4 00 15 00 ¥ inch Strips; ‘COMMGND . °.2.<.2.<:5-< + «ies sis ¥ oes eae ee I2 00 13 00 x 1-4 inch flooring. .«.:-.).s..<. 1 oscar eiel- clea oe 16 00 x T-2 inch flooring... 2. <0... 000 eves essec as» sic 16 00 XXX shingles, 16 inch 2 30 XX shingles 26 inch... 0.0.2.2. . a. sae alee ae I 40 Lath IN.) 804s pcipetet oes See a er ee awe 200 Lath, Noi, 2:45 )...:c-0 ss sins oc» Seles nb tte Oe, aera ae een 180 1 85 HARDWOODS-—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, rs and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 to2in..$26 00 $28 00 Elm, soft 1 to 134$14 00 $15 00 «« 2% to 4.. 30 00 32 00 2 9.) 25.00) 20.00 black.) it 1% 18 00 2000] ‘ rock xr ‘“ 1% 1600 1800 cy vee gare 4:. 20 00 24 00 A oF aie tae eure Birch t ** 1% 20 00 22 00] Hickory 1% “ 2.. 28 00 3000 es 2 ‘* 4.. 22 00 25 00] Maple a ‘* 1% 1600 18 00 **sqrs. 4x4 ‘* 8x8 26 00 30 00 43 2 “4.. 18 00 2000 Basswood x ‘ 1&% 1600 18 00 ger “1% 28 00 30 00° ou 14%“ 2.. 19 00 19 00 2 “ 4., 30.0. 3200 ©. omer. a aera) t6roo. ‘ white “ x “7% 2800 3000 Butternut 1 ‘“* 11% 23 00 25 00 = 2 4.. 30/600 45/00 B2 2 ‘£3..25 00 2800} “quartd: 2). 4Bieo 5200 Chestnut 1 ‘f 2.. 22 00 25 00} Walnut x **3.. 85 00 10090 Cherry 1 “* 1% 5000 60 0c| Whitewood: ‘“ 2.. 3200 3600 a 2 “4.. 6000 65 00 OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, Nov. 26, 1894. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b. PMs eee e eee eee eee e eee $32 00 40 00 Pine, gond strips, 6 0) EE) lal asset ee 27 00 35 00 Pine, good shorts, “ s MC is dob ese ce ae 20 00 27 00 Pine, 2nd quality sidings, per M feet, Dik: « oscomeeeeeee 20 00 25 00 Pine, 2nd quality strips, ag Fe shea eee eee 18 00 22 00 Pine, 2nd quality shorts, ‘S « SS oo hay ae 15 00 18 00 Pine, shipping cull stock, ‘* ie EF ah vs nee 14 00 16 00 Pine, box cull stock, ge Ye See II 00 13 00 Pine, s.c. stripsand sidings “ < eee II 00 14 00 Pine, mill cull. «2564.6 sec 22 cineie » kei on py aleteleee 8 00 10 00 Lath, per Mi. . ojo... oaictec am ninelslnwsi c oyan ales oe 160 190 NEW YORK CITY. New York, November 26, 1894. " WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of supply, rendering it useless to give prices for local market. WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge timber....... $40 00 @ 50 00 | Building orders... ..$28 co @ 40 00 Decking... . ..... 45.00 55 00 Per M. Ji W. Po bridge timber... 0... =». 0aac $8 @ = W. P. decking, 3 in. Benne And packs 44 s} oe 1s and 2 edg. 2 and 2% in. thick...... 46 $1 per M extra. . «yacht decking............ SA 55 ic -puingn 4S. $2 extra. Batldinp timber: \ocvta<.. 12° csssietieeee 26 32 * ALBANY, N.Y. ALBANY, November 26, 1894. PINE. 24% in. and up, good........ $56 $60 | ro-in. common............. $15 $16 BOUKEDS clare alate eaceein eee 58 | r2-in. dressing and better... 28 34 Selects; Hee w cctnssa% ba 50 Common... sess eae 15 ez Pickings't) $52.2: < a2 45 | 134-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. go 45 1% to 2-in. good ae 55 Common 42 ..)-..eeaeeene 15 17 Howrtha ¢ldes 4and 5 in. wide....... $10 00 | 1 in., 13 in. and up wide..... $12 00 ete Midesses: {> 11 00 | 1%, 1% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1in., 7 in. wide and NE saree IT oo | Cpe Wide! tre: fe al « 12 00 SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 25 | Standard brands. river made, @leassMatisvew en s.e wu... 2 00 PROMO NENG rr elale/creinseeractoreis rs 3 00 Clear BUtts: jscciis cc cticen 2 00 WHITE PINE LATH. UUORE Gott oe ci Ao ce eee ee PERN MEMOR TAS ra. alain. cis vi slays c'sin nents I 25 RP UNGCK. oaate ox tien an liens «3 I 00 BOSTON, MASS. Boston, November 26, 1894. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. bg decay! planed SeANCH 5 = = \ { baa ee / iA IAA At ttt 23 2 Nes am : \ \ \ ‘ \ \ \\\\ \ \\ \ AI LAN THE WM. HAMILTON MEG. CO...LtTp. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. Brancn Orcs: Vancouver. =. Cc: T™ CANADA LUMBERMAN Vo.tumeE XVI. NuMBER ft. TORONTO, ONT., JANUARY, 1895 BY EME Wn Y. OME conception of the dependence placed in Cana- dian timber by United States lumbermen, and nearly all these in Michigan, may be gleaned from a summary of expected operations in Canada by American lumbermen. We do not give the following data as covering the entire ground. On the contrary the trans- actions named fall short of that end, but of themselves they are of considerable magnitude. The Saginaw Lumber & Salt Co. will put in about 30,000,000 logs in Canada that will be rafted to Michigan. The Green, Ring & Co. mil! will probably be stocked with Canadian logs. The Fisher & Turner mill, of Saginaw, have a stock of 50,000,000 feet for next season’s cut from Canada. J. W. Howry & Sons are cutting about 15,000,000 feet at Little Current, Ont., to be towed across the lake to Michigan, and over 40,000,000 feet to be manufactured at their mill at Fenelon Falls. J.T. Hurst has let con- tracts to put in 80,090,000 feet of logs in Canada waters. Alger, Smith & Co., are putting 25,000,000 feet of logs into Georgian Bay waters, and the son of General Alger is putting into the same waters about 8,000,000 on his own account. Bliss & Van Auken will obtain a stock for their mill next season in Canada. C. K. Eddy & Sons are putting into Canadian waters about 20,000,000 feet to be forwarded to their mill at Saginaw. S. G. M. Gates will obtain a considerable portion of his stock of 25,000,000 feet of logs from Canada. Sn He In the Ottawa and Michigan correspondence of the LUMBERMAN this month particulars are given of the ‘interview of Michigan lumbermen with the governinent at Ottawa the early part of December concerning boom sticks. So far as one can judge from the impressions left on the minds of the deputation, there is every reason to believe that the government acted in a common-sense and business-like manner. The sudden and tragical death of Sir John Thompson may prevent the 1mmedi- ate giving out of a decision on the case, but there is the best of reasons for believing that this will be of a character to put an end to any further trouble over boom sticks. It will now be expected that the authori- ties at Washington will see to the speedy removal of the the clause in the Wilson tariff that has by some sort of twisting permitted of the exacting of 25% duty on cedar wood going from Canada into the United States. When the Hon. Mr. Foster drew the attention of the Michigan deputation to this point, they frankly admitted that it was news to them, and were of the same opinion as the Timberman and other United States lumber authorities that the clause had ‘got into the tariff by mistake, the reference evidently being to cabinet woods and not to the ordinary cedar, which as a matter of fact was only 15% under the McKinley tariff. The lumber trades in both countries are on the whole satisfied with the con- ditions of free lumber, and in an interview on the Eli page Mr. D. L. White, jr., lumberman of Michigan, has expressed the opinion that he does not think there will be any changes whatever in the tariff, even to the extent _ that some have anticipated, of placing dressed lumber on the dutiable list. MEX HK G. N. Wagner, of Grand Rapids, Mich., writes to the Timberman that he has just returned from an extended trip through the eastern and New England states, and __ has been terribly alarmed at the injury being done to United States lumber interests, because of the quantity of shingles that are going into those districts from Canada. He had supposed that the paucity of shingle orders during the past three months was due to the TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR Single Copies, ro Cents. general business depression throughout the country. But the trouble has been, so he tells us, that New York and Massachusetts have been drawing their supplies of pine shingles largely from the Canadian side of the line. If Mr. Wagner could make the time to count up on his fingers the quantity of Canadian shingles that he found going into these markets, it would be quite inter- esting to Canadian lumbermen. Of course, Canadian shingles have been shipped in increased quantities to the United States since the change in tariff, just as Michigan, Duluth and Minnesota lumber and some Washington territory shingles have been coming into Canada since the change took place. What has been fair for the goose has been fair for the gander, we suppose. But when the statement is made that the quantity of shingles going into the eastern states from this ‘country has been large enough to seriously affect the shingle market, those who know the real conditions cannot but smile. The shingle trade is undoubtedly down in the boots in the United States. But it is not any lower down than the same trade is found in Canada. The truth is that no quantity of shingles worth talking about is finding a market either in the United States or Canada. Shingles have not been in it for some time. Our friend from Grand Rapids need not start an on-to Washington movement on the strength of the shingle information he picked up when in New York and Massachusetts. ord SEs chahs From a special lumber schedule issued by the Canadian Pacific Railway, and made effective Dec. 17th, 1894, it would look as though the conference of hardwood men with Mr. Burton of the Grand Trunk, and reported in ancther part of this journal, was likely to count worse than a blank for the hardwood men. Before the meeting took place hardwood was sent over the C. P. R. from certain points at 6c. per 100 lbs., where the Grand Trunk had been charging 8%c. We fancy that in show- ing Mr. Burton certain Canadian Pacific freight bills at that meeting the members of the deputation who did so gave that gentleman a pointer that he quickly made use of. The case of the deputation was to be discussed at a conference of freight agents of Grand Trunk and Canadian Pacific to be held a week later. In place of giving any heed to the overtures of the lum- bermen, which at that time, at Mr. Burton’s request, were before the conference in writing, the two great railways simply followed the usual custsm, whenever they can safely do so, of at once combining: to make their rates uniform, and uniform at the higher figure of 8%c. This is an old trick of railway corporations. Not without the severest pressure will they budge an iota in making concessions to the commercial comiunity.. They gave away when the white pine men protested against the increase of I cent per “too lbs. in freight, but only because the opposition de- veloped so great strength that they could not do any- thing else. The case of the hardwood men is fair, equi- table and necessary, but as yet the railways have not come to the conclusion that they are a formidable body, and nothing but might is made to prevail in cases of this kind. The Grand Trunk have taken and turned the tables on the hardwood men, not a very creditable proceeding, nor for the Canadian Pacific in joining with them, but the old adage stills holds good that corpora- tions are soulless. THERE seems to be some kind of fascination about the idea of a metal and leather combination belt. Many experiments have been made in this line, but none of these belts ever become popular. * Og as LOSS OF POWER. it you happen to go into an engine room at any time and find that there is a leak past the cylinder or of the air pump, if you are using a condenser, you may be very sure that you are losing power. While the trouble may not be the cause of any danger, it shows that there has been some mistake in the setting out of the packing; that the adjustment is bad; that it has been in use far too long a time, or that the internal surface of the cylin- der is cut. If the last is the case, you have no other remedy than that of re-boring the cylinder. In the other instances, the packing may be renewed or the piston may be taken out by removing the cylinder head, as inthe case of locomotives. The leaking of piston packing may be detected when the exhaust is continuous instead of intermittent, although a leaky valve will also produce the same results ; or it will be made to appear by opening the cylinder cocks and not- ing whether they blow steam on the back stroke. A twofold loss is entailed by this defect ; steam is blown away uselessly and back pressure 1s increased, putting a greater load upon the steam that does the pushing.— Dixie. THE INTERIOR FRICTION OF OILS. Fane: who has occupied himself very extensively with the examination of lubricants, has investigated, says the Scientific American, the interior friction of oils by means of an appatatus invented by himself, and has given his results in tabular form and graphically by a series of curves. According to his results, the degree of transparency of lubricants, the refining process, vis- cosity, flash point and fire point, give no basis for esti- mating the degree of interior friction, though all are of importance. If two oils which at the same temperature possess different interior frictions be mixed, the mixed product will yield a characteristic curve corresponding to that of an oil the qualities of which lie between those of the two opponents. Consequently, the excessive friction of any thick lubricant may be reduced by mixing with it small proportions of solar oil, pyro-naptha, or kerosene, or any oil possessing low inferior friction. But this ad- dition can be useful only when the added product does not separate to any great extent. The addition of such light oils can, of course,be easily detected through the flash point and the fire point. The addition of various resinous materials increases friction in the machinery and in the lubricant itself. These products have also an injurious chemical effect upon the metallic surfaces subjected to friction. It was also frequently observed that samples of the same oil that were received in the factory at different times did not yield the same characteristic curve, although filling all requirements. LUMBERING OPERATIONS IN ALBERT CO., N.B. ENATOR MCCLELAN, of New Brunswick, antici- pates an increased interest in lumber operations in Albert Co. and vicinity the coming year. A larger amount birch timber was being cut in that county this winter than usual. Portable mills were being carried into the woods and the deals brought out. A week ago a vessel had loaded with hard wood for Boston. He understood the timber netted the owners $11, which was better than they had expected. The greater part of the hard wood would be sold in St. John. Speaking of laths, the sena- tor said he did not think they would ever command a very high price, for the simple reason that wire was being used in their stead in different parts of the United States, and it was stated with satisfaction. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ‘ 4 ee ee LUMBERING IN THE MARITIME PROVINCES. [Special correspondence CANADA LuUMBERMAN.) bpp in the Provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, is quite different, or at least differently carried on, than in any other part of Canada, both in the bush and in mill. In the southeastern part of Nova Scotia oxen are used exclusive- ly, and instead of the old orthodox ox yoke and bow there is a sort of yoke strapped across the head below the horns, same as is seen in parts of southern Europe. These lumbermen seem to think horses are too valuable to use in lumbering But there are afew getting out of this idea and find that a man can do much more with horses than oxen. The lumber in Nova Scotia, like New Brunswick, is mostly spruce, and 1s generally brought dowao to the mills full length of the tree and cut short by hand in the mill, with a crosscut saw. These mills, although some of them are quite extensive, are quite old in their style, such a thing as an endless chain carrying the logs in mil! is unknown, True, they use an endless chain, but they use short dog chains and grab hooks, using from two to four men more than are necessary. METHODS OF SAWING. Live gangs are the favorite saws for cutting the lumber. These are quite different from anything to be found in the west. The logs follow one another in the gang and are held in place by a travelling head block with spikes on top and bottom, a sort of an inverted durable L dog; one of these travelling headblocks is in front and one in rear of the gangs. The lumber cut is not well done, as they carry too heavy feed ; I have seen as high as 1% inches at astroke. Hence their deals do not bring as good a price as St. Lawrence river cut of the same quality. Very thick saws are used. I found one mill using No. 12 gauge and they thought it quite anachievement. But the strange part of this was, they only use them five inches wide, as they say if wider they will not run true, Such a thing as hammering a proper tension in them is unknown, all slabs, edgings and lumber are trimmed and cut off by means of the old style of swing saw, such a thing as a two saw trimmer or slash table was never seen in these provinces. One man in New Brunswick put in a slash table ina sort of a way but took it out as it broke asaw one day. The circular saw mills, Rotarys as they are called here, are generally too light and poorly built for accurate work. There are, however, a few exceptions to this rule. Solid saws are scarcely used at all. “ Hoc” tooth is the favorite. ’ The fact is, sawyers here are away behind in filing and generally taking care of circular saws. This is the reason that the Solid saw is not more in use. Many more men are employed in mills here generally than any other place I ever saw. Live rolls, etc, and many other labor saving devices are not ingeneral use. s HOW LUMBER IS PILED. Another peculiarity one notices is to see men carrying deals on their shoulders, sometimes long distances. Men so employed usually have a leather cushion on one shoulder and a stick about three feet long on the other, reaching behind the neck and under the board or plank so as to equalize the load on both shoulders. Most of the New Brunswick steam mills use boilers from 40 to 50 feet long and from 30” to 4o” diameter, no flues, but simply long tubes, which are laid side by side and as many as required ina battery. Under this whole space under them isa firebox. Ihave seen five and six men firing such a battery of boilers, while the sawdust was carted away to some distant bank. Such a device as a hog to grind this sort of fuel and feed it and sawdust automati- cally, with one man to attend the whole battery, never seems to have occurred to them. Cutting their logs alive into deals makes a great quantity of waste in shape of edgings, which if stocked and cut with a high speed gang would be saved by way of the sidings got off the log in stocking it. ‘The quantity of deals cut by one of these gangs is wonderful. Plenty of gangs in New Brunswick average 70 M per day from the round log and edged on a separate edger. ern mull yard style, but all lengths and widths piled up haphazard just as it comes from the mill, and generally all around and close to the buildings. I wonder at this much on account of insurance if for no other reason. Band saws are coming slowly to the front and would do so more rapidly but for the lack of sawyers. Many of the most progressive are realizing that the Band saw is the lumber maker of the near future. And another fact is making itself patent is some device to get more and better lumber from the same logs. The old question of not how much lumber can I cut but how much money can I make is causing many to think seriously of putting in Band saws. Some are now satisfied that a band will fill this bill in two ways, both in quantity and quality, besides having less breakages than the old long stroke heavy feed gauge. Most of the lumber manufactured is cut into deals, although a larger quantity is cut into x inch and scantling for South American and New England markets, deals being almost entirely for Euro- pean demand. In many sections spruce forests, not cut too close, willreproduce themselvesin from ten to twelveyears. I have seen fine spruce forests on the Mirimichi River in New Brunswick growing where the old dead furrows are plainly to be seen, showing that the land was one time cultivated. In this fact it only remains for the lumbermen of these Provinces to lumber judiciously their limit and barring fire to have a perpetual paying territory and the Government a never ending source of revenue, In many sections hemlock exists in large quantities ; but for the U. S. market, the present mode of manufacture would have to be materially changed. NEW BRUNSWICK SHINGLES, Cedar exists in immense quantities and of excellent quality” in all northern New Brunswick. and is largely manufactured into Lumber is not classified and piled in anything like West- - shingles. These they make in first-rate shape, but their machines are usually slow, averging from 12,000 to 15,000 per day per each machine. These all go to New England markets, a few going to Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia points. Ithink on the whole, in no place in Canada, are better shingles cut and better packed and graded than in northern New Brunswick. At the present time the lumbermen are much exercised over the sawdust regulations. As heretofore they have mostly been pour- ing their refuse in the streams; this has become such a nuisance, that the government has wisely decided to puta stop to it, and none too soon, as many splendid salmon and trout streams are almost destroyed. OBSERVING LUMBERMAN. ee WHY DO BAND SAWS BREAK? Pree no one question pertaining to saws has been asked in the last ten years as often as this» and it would be difficult to find one that has been more imperfectly answered. It has been claimed alike by both mill owners and filers that fractures in band saws are mainly caused by poor steel or uneven temper, but this is far from the true answer. The writer has had a long and varied experience in operating band saws, and most excellent opportunities for experimenting with them under various conditions, and it is his opinion, gathered from this actual experience and extensive observation, that not one band saw in twenty-five sent out by leading and reputable saw houses sustains a fracture through interior or imperfectly tem- pered steel. So much has already been said and written about the fitting and tensioning of band saws that it is unnecessary to go deeply into that really important fac- tor in the life of band saws at this writing. I will simply say in this connection that the filers and fitters generally are well acquainted with the fact that fracture will take place in the best saw on earth in short order if it is run with an uneven tension. Many saws have been ruined by uneven tension, and there is no doubt that many more will be, as beginners are found in every band saw country, and even the ex- perts sometimes overlook a “fast” spot in their saws and find a crack as the direct result. This is a matter that will adjust itself with the growing knowledge and ability of the band-saw “fitter,” for the essential points to be observed in his line are perfectly uniform tension, pitch of teeth to prevent crowding back on properly aligned wheels, perfectly square and even set (swage), with amount of clearance adapted to the timber being sawed, rounded gullets, sharp saws and the absence of glaze or case hardening. I now propose to show the most destructive factor in the life of band-saws, the rather short-sighted policy of mill-owners and operators in allowing it to go on, and the injustice they do themselves and saw makers by attributing the short life of the saw to poor steel. The destructive element is excessive speed of saw travel, which is not only non-beneficial, but a positive detriment. Band saw steel as now made is the finest, best, tough- est and most costly steel used in any wood-working industry. Through the courtesy of one of the most prominent saw manufacturing firms the writer recently saw 2 number of pieces of their band saw blades broken on a Riehle testing machine, and they showed an average tensile strength of 150,000 pounds per square inch, or 12,000 pounds per inch in width of a fourteen gauge saw. The fact that the steel in question does possess this enormous tensile strength causes mill'men and others not acquainted with working and destructive strains to wonder at fractures taking place in their band saws, and through their lack of knowledge on this subject they almost invariably condemn the quality of steel or temper, when in fact, in a great majority of the cases of fracture, the saw is simply taxed beyond its tensile strength. The average operator will naturally inquire, “ How can this be possible when we are only running from two to four tons strain on a ten-inch or twelve-inch saw ?” The answer is so simple that it is surprising that it is not more generally known. Most of the strain comes on the edge of the saw, which, when run at a rate of speed nearly equalling two miles per minute (10,000 feet) causes the slack side of the sawto vibrate very ma- terially, the amount of vibration varying under a given speed, according to uniformity of tension of saw, balance __ and rigidity of mill and stability of its foundation. This JANUARY, 1895 vibration of the saw creates an additional strain that is beyond computation. Ina measure it is an unknown quantity, but that it adds a strain beyond the great ten- sile strength of the saw has been clearly demonstrated by a long series of experiments in high and low speeds, fracture taking place in the high speed and not in the low. These experiments were made in mills running and sawing regularly and on a mill which did no sawing, but which was put up for the purpose of testing for speed only. Every one of these tests established the fact that the high speed with its attending vibration is detrimental to the life of the saw without any commen- surate returns in the quality or quantity of lumber manufactured. My experiments and observations justify me in taking the position that better lumber and fully as large a quantity can be turned out on a speed of seven thousand feet per minute (all other conditions being equal) than on a speed of 10,000 feet, as a higher rate of feed can be maintained when the vibration is reduced to the mini- mum. That alarge saving can be effected in saws, belting and machinery through reduction in speed is self-evident. Here are some comparisons of relative speeds and feeds, the entire feasibility and practicability of which were demonstrated by the numerous tests mentioned. To make the illustration easy to figure and compre- hend we will take but one length of saw and one space of teeth, and call the feed continuous : a saw fifty feet long with teeth space one and a half inches running ten thousand feet per minute, and for a basis of speed we will take twelve inches. The same relative proportions follow any reasonable change from this basis of speed and feed, though twelve inches makes a fair average of feed. Given, then, a fifty-foot saw with one and ‘one-half inch space, running 10,000 feet per minute, you have on a twelve-inch feed as many feet of feed as 50 will go times into 10,000, which is 200 feet of feed, and allows 33% teeth per inch of feed. If speed of saw is reduced to 9,000 feet per minute the feed can be increased to fourteen inches and maintain as easily as twelve inches on the first speed given ; 9,000 feet of saw travel gives a 180 revolutions of saw, which on a fourteen-inch feed gives 210 feet of feed per minute and allows 28 4-7 teeth per inch of feed. A further reduction of speed to 8,000 feet per minute and a corresponding increase of two inches in the feed gives 160 revolutions of the saw, and makes on a sixteen-inch feed 213% feet per minute and allows 25 teeth per inch of feed. A speed of 7,000 feet per minute gives a 140 revolutions of saw, which on an eighteen-inch feed makes 210 feet of feed per minute, and allows 22 2-9 teeth per inch of feed. It will be noticed in this comparison that the highest rate of feet given is eighteen inches, while the lowest is twelve inches, and that the number of teeth per minute in each _ case is perfectly safe. The basis of twelve-inch feed is a fair average, take the country through. Soft pine operators can take eighteen inches of feed for their basis, and when they get up to a twenty-four inch speed they still have 1624 teeth to each inch of feed they carry. The figures proved the proposition that a higher rate of speed can be maintained on a reasonably slower speed than 10,000 feet, and it can be demonstrated by any operator who conscientiously tries to save saw bills and extra work in brazing and tensioning. Vibration is in- creased by vibration, and fracture of blade by both. While a high rate of speed and extra vibration occasion- ed by it are responsible for the majority of fractures, it is well to consider other points that may have a tendency to produce cracks. Unless the operator knows positive- ly the cause of the trouble he is not competent to treat itand is very much handicapped in all efforts te over- come the difficulty. When all things pertaining to the mill are in the best possible condition there still remains the ever constant hammering of the saw by its impact - with and on the wheels, to say nothing of the bending and — straightening while it is in motion. When one considers © that a fifty feet band saw running 10,000 feet per minute is bent and straightened in every portion of its length 400 times per minute, 24,000 times per hour, 60,000 times per run of two and one-half hours, while all the time it 1s under a severe tensile and torsional strain, the wonder is that it does not break more often.—Lumber. JANUARY, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 HARDWOOD MEN PROTEST. DEPUTATION of hardwood lumbermen, consist- ing of James Tennant, J. G. Cane, McBean Bros., Mr. Eyer, of Read & Eyer, F. N. Tennant & Co., and W. N. McEachren, held a consultation, on Dee., 6th, in the Grand Trunk offices, Toronto, with Mr. J. Burton, general freight agent, and District Freight Agent White, to ascertain if the G. T. R. could be prevailed upon to reduce the present freight rate of 8!4c. per 100 lbs. on hardwoods to the former rate of 64%c. Mr. James Ten- nant was spokesman for the deputation and pointed out that in several respects the conditions of lumbering in 4 4 < ' hardwoods were favorable to the securing of a larger freight trade by the railroads than was the case with pine lumber. There was no large quantity of hardwood at any one point, and the result was that it had to be a gathered in small quantities at different points and de- spatched to some central place for shipment. This meant additional carriage for the railroads. There was no such a thing as flotage with hardwoods, as was the ~ case with pine. Hardwoods were much heavier than pine, a car of the former weighing from 36,000 to 40,000 lbs., where a car of white pine would only average, per- haps, 25,000 Ibs. It was, therefore more profitable to the railways to carry hardwoods than pine. Then the hardwood men labored under the disadvantage of not being able to dispose cf culls as was the case with pine, and this ought to be an item of consideration by the railways in fixing rates. Altogether the position of the hardwood man was handicapped ‘in different ways, and it seemed unfair that his difficulties should be enhanced by a discriminating rate when it came to the shipment of stocks. Mr. Burton noted carefully the objections of Mr. Tennant, and these were supplemented by com- ments from other members of the deputation, but he would not promise any answer before the following Tuesday, at the earliest, when there was to be a confer- ence of G. T. R. and C. P. R. freight managers in Mon- treal, when this question would, probably, be considered along withother matters and thelumbermen were asked to state their grievances in writing and forward such a letter to Montreal. Mr. Burton intimated that the rail- roads were desirous of seeing rates increased rather than lowered. White pine rates were regulated to some ex- tent by vessel rates, a condition which did not apply in hardwoods. The deputation pointed out another grievance that bore unfairly upon the hardwood men, namely, the method of computing when the quantity of hardwood shipped fell below 30,000 Ibs. F. N. Tennant >. & Co., for example, cited a case of a load of lumber that 4 they had sent forward to a customer and which was . - *eean a <- 'F Yeo? , PAP EN SE a aE ay Tt ee mere eer eee billed to that customer as 30,000 lbs. where, when the car load was weighed it was found to contain only 25,- 500 lbs. The customer refused to pay freight except on the actual weight of lumber, and the shipper was out about $4.00, a discount which, he remarked, hardwoods would not stand at present prices. Mr. J. G. Cane and __ others cited similar cases. Mr. Burton fell back on the clause, which fixed the minimun of weight, and whilst promising to look into the matter was not disposed to treat the subject seriously. WASTE IN MANUFACTURE. A ANUFACTURERS are always looking for new : uses for waste material by which value can be ob- tained, and thus diminish the cost of the material work- _---edup. But about a large mill or other manufacturing i establishment, says the Manufacturers Gazette, there are many sources of wealth which, though indirect, if ‘neglected just as positively add to the cost of the final product as though the price of the raw material had ‘been enhanced. Cleanliness of machinery and buildings helps to di- ‘minish the cost. A proper system of lighting, natural and artificial, and of ventilation, effects the cost. The steam heating arrangements of a mill are cften neglected and become wasteful. An engineer of our acquaintance was once employed _ to reduce, if possible, the consumption of coal of a mill - which every year required an increasing outlay for fuel, ~ and was then consuming several thousand tons annually. He found that there were over one hundred leaking steam valves in the various departments, and that the help or overseers never gave the matter a thought, but ' when the rooms were too warm opened the windows, and never shut off the steam. In many cases this could not be done on account of the worn condition of the valves. These were all removed and ground or new valves substituted. The result was a falling off in the coal consumption during the following months of nearly aton per day average. Steam was carried in this mill about a thousand feet in uncovered pipes, and these were next covered, resulting in a further material reduc- tion. Then the coal house door was kept locked, and records kept of the weight of coal consumed each day. By making one person responsible for this department a saving was kept up during the year that much more than paid the salary of the one employed, although he had other duties as well. All saving from waste is better than an increase cf busi- ness to the same amount, for it is an additional net pro- fit or dividend obtained without risk or cost. The subject is too large to more than suggest the many directions and methods which could be studied and applied. Ss THE BEST STEAM ENGINE, HAT will always seem like a mistake to outside engineers is not frequently made by the builders of steam engines, in assuming that the particular type of engine they build is the best for all purposes for which steam engines are used. All will remember the rather warm contention of a few years ago regarding the re- lative merits of high and slow speed engines. Expres- sions of opinion were rather positive on both sides, but if the arrangements made did not entirely convince the builders of either type that there was room for the other, they did have some effect in the way of confirming this belief in the minds of others, so that to-day there are uses for which it would be useless to attempt to sell a high-speed engine, and others for which a low-speed engine would find no favor—for the requirements of steam engineering go beyond the question of rotative speed, and one requirement will come strongly to the front in one place, or for one purpose, and another for another purpose. Fuel may be so plenty in one location as to cut no figure in determining the type of engine to be used. In fact, in the instance of saw and lumber mills it is fre- quently the case that it is an advantage to burn as much of the refuse as possible under the boilers. And this may be the case in tanneries, and in the instance of en- gines used for the purposes. Now, under such circum- stances it would be of no avail to talk to those wanting engines about the saving of fuel. Fuel is the one thing that it is not economical to save. So the saw mill, the lumber mill and the tannery have their special require- ments. They are usually located in what may be called out-of-the-way places. The engines used in them are generally rather roughly handled, and there 1s no near- by machine shops to go to for repairs. Manifestly the requirements are for engines that will hold together under the rough usage they receive, and in the con- struction of which there is nothing that cannot be com- prehended by the village doctor. Refinements for steam saving or for other purposes would be as much out of place as polish on a grate bar. What is wanted is something that will turn over right along without regard to pounds of steam or pounds of fuel, that is as near as possible proof against breakage, and utterly devoid of complication. There are many high-class engines that never ought to be bought or sold in such locations. Their refinements would be materially worse than wasted ; a cause for dissatisfaction rather than for satis- faction. They would not be worth a moment’s consider- ation until they gave trouble some day beyond the skill of local talent to cope with. Transplant the saw mill engine where coal is worth five or six dollars a ton—where there is no waste ma- terial for steam making—and, of course, it is all wrong. The conditions are as unfavorable now as they were favorable before. Fuel must be carefully considered, and to this end devices or parts that may be more liable to derangement will be tolerated. Better talent is em- ployed around the engines and the machine shop is at hand. ‘ Here then, in the two instances cited is a place for two types of engines—the one that is nothing but an olen SY, engine, a machine, that couldn’t do much to or for if he tried, and that is little liable to require the doing of anything until it goes “all at once” or requires a complete rebuilding, which it will hardly be worth, and the one upon which greater care can well be afforded to the end of saving fuel. Neither is suitable for the place occupied by the other. The foregoing is a strong contrast: There are other requirements that may not seem so striking, but which may be of consequence. For example, the requirement may be for the nearest practicable approach to absolute- ly uniform turning, something beyond what would be of any particular advantage in the instance of the majority of steam engines. There are types of engines better suited to accomplish this end than others are, and so on; other examples might be given if necessary. Enouyh has all ready been said to show the unwisdom of claim- ing for any single type of engine the advantages that can belong to all. Theoretically speaking, it might be reasoned that every steam engine should have all the good features of a dozen types, or at least all it was possible to embody, Practically, there would be waste inthis. In the ma- chine business there are required for some purposes tools and machines of great precision, tools and ina- chines that cannot be made too well, no matter what the cost may be. But for a large part of the work of the machine shop something that costs much less is equally as good—in some instances better. It would be foolish to reason that all the tools and machines should be made like the more costly ones, just as foolish as to reason that the costly ones should not be made. To a certain extent this is true of steam engines. No single builder builds the best for all purposes.—American Machinist. FINISHING HARDWOODS. OW to treat the face of hardwood joinery frequently requires, says Timber Trades Journal, much con- sideration, and deserves a passing notice. In the case of oak, the action of the atmosphere would tone it down admirably ; but this takes time, and the first appearance of newness is often removed by the fumes of ammonia, which may be regulated to produce any desired shade, and the treatment is a good one when the work is not subject to much handling. Where it is, however, bees- wax and turpentine are generally applied afterward, otherwise the damp heat of the hands will leave dark marks ; care must, ,however, be taken that as much of the wax is rubbed off as possible, or the work will very probably turn yellow in time. . After this application the oak will cease to darken, as the wax fills up the pores and prevents any further action of the air. Beeswax and turpentine alone produce good results on most hardwoods when well rubbed in, and a pleasant surface is the result, much the same as the light polish seen on an egg shell. This treatment is particularly useful for floors. These, however, require periodical attention. Simple oiling is never satisfactory. French polishing is a very general treatment, but it is too well known to need any descrip- tion. It is of the most vital consequence to remember that damp plays havoc with seasoned work, causing it to swell and warp. It is therefore fatal to put it up against damp walls: when it is impossible for these to have time to dry, the wood should be well coated at the back with a damp-resisting preparation, and not be fixed close against the wall. Don’t imagine that because a machine is not being used that the countershaft does not need oiling just the same, for unless the belts are off and the countershaft is idle too, it needs just as much attention as though it were running. Neglecting this has caused more than one troublesome loose pulley, and the oiler should be made to attend to all counters, whether the machines are running or not.—Machinery. A new belt fastener recently patented in England consists of a metal plate adapted to extend across the meeting edges, the plate having one straight side and at the other side a series of spurs arranged in pairs longitudinally opposite, the spurs of each pair being at equidistant points from the transverse center of the plate and arranged in advance of the preceding pair in both directions, so that each pair will penetrate the belt at different points. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN i 3 “4 PUBLISHED ON THE First oF EacH MONTH eee GY het MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BuILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy One Year, in advance ....-..-..-+-+seeereereeeteeees $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ........+-----sesesrtereeees Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Ture CANapA LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Domin‘* cing the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of ine cvasmerce of .his coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all sul jects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in 1ts operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr: + Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanADA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention 1s directed to ‘‘ WANTED and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous Pos!- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa LuMm- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. SS A NEW YEAR’S GREETING. THIs issue of the CANADA LUMBERMAN bears the date ofa new year, and marks the commencement ofthesix- teenth year of publication. The year left behind has not been one todraw forth the enthusiasm of the lumbertrade, which started in with great expectations, but commercial depression quickly laid its hands upon it, and the year through it has been a struggle to make things go. How- ever, the outlook in the closing days of the year im- proved, and not alone as a matter of happy custom, but with grounds for the expectation, we may wish all our readers a happy and prosperous New Year. There is good reason to believe that these hopes will be realized. So far as this journal is concerned no effort will be spared to help to give prosperity to the lumber trades, and one earnest of our effort in this direction will be the commencement at once of the publication, as already announced, of a weekly edition of the CANADA LUM- BERMAN. eee ; FRAUDS IN LUMBER. THE remarks in these columns last month of fraudu- lent buying has brought to light the fact that there is, perhaps, more of this business carried on, both in Cana- da and the United States, than is generally supposed. For some time back lumber journals across the border have been paying attention to this subject, and exposing very thoroughly the transactions of certain firms who have sent forth their cards as lumber dealers. Some times the fraudulent transaction takes the shape of securing goods for which there has been no intention, nor is there ability, to pay. Again the fraud consists in a dispute as to the character of the inspection, even though this had been thoroughly covered at the time the sale was made. It would appear that dishonest practices of the latter character are practiced near home. The LUMBERMAN is in receipt of a letter within the past week from Mr. Joseph S. Wallis, lumberman, of Port Carling, Ont. -After referring in complimentary terms-to the position assumed by the LUMBERMAN in its treatment of this question last month, Mr. Wallis says: “All the frauds are not confined to the United States. I have had the misfortune to have an inspector come to my yard, go carefully through the stock, and to make things sure, go carefully through the figures several times, leave a statement, agree to pay prompt spot cash less a given discount, get the lumber in his possession, and long after the spot cash should have been forthcoming, send on a statement to the effect that there was a shortage, and I would have to take back so much or— , and the so much would amount to 8% less than the price agreed upon and the amount of statement given and figured by the inspector, and terms extended by the buyer, without the consent of the seller, to some two months. The above is not a case of being actually done out of the whole amount of money, but it is a case ‘give me my own terms or do your best. I am of the opinion that, to say the least, some of our Ontario buyers need a little care exercised on the part of the seller, as well as with some of the United States buyers.” Mr. Wallis closes his letter, in which he very clearly shows how a certain class of frauds are worked, with the enquiry: ‘“Can’t you help >”? Wemay, in plain terms, say that our purpose is to help the lumbermen of the Do- minion to put an end, as far as possible, to all such at- tempts at dishonest business, indicated, not alone by what Mr. Wallis writes us, but by what comes to us from various other sources. We should be glad, if lum- bermen who have had the experience of Mr. Wallis and others would write us, giving full particulars of transac- tions. The icformation will be used with the one pur- pose only of getting after the dishonest dealer, and of helping the trade, who are striving to hold up the true ideal of business in the lumber industries. —$—_—_———————— WHY NOT GROW TIMBER? FOREST preservation is viewed by the majority of lumbermen so largely as an abstract question or one of theory or sentiment, that it requires almost the proverb- ial Scotch operation to get the trade to look at the sub- ject as‘one of strict business. There is nothing new in the remark, whether lumbermen give credence to it or not, that the forests of this country, so rich at one time in pine, are already furnishing evidence of de- pletion. Five years ago, though the warning note had been sounded a decade before that, lumbermen of Michi- gan, laughed at those who talked of there being only sufficient pine in that great pine state to last a few years longer. In cold, hard, matter of fact language, Michi- gan lumbermen say to-day that were it not for the sup- plies of pine that they are enabled to secure in Canada, Wisconsin or Duluth, they could not keep their mills running a twelve month. Michigan lumbermen, in fact, do not do their lumbering in their own state, outside of the sawing of the logs that are brought trom elsewhere. Let this suffice, at present, for white pine. Hardwood men are in the position of having no virgin soil that they can tap when they have orders to fill for any par- ticular class of hardwood. There is still a fair quantity of hardwood in Ontario, and other parts of Canada, but it exists in patches, only secured by increased labor and expense in haulage and freights. The question has been asked the LUMBERMAN, would it not bea good stroke of business for those who realize this position to take steps to reforest some parts of the province with hardwoods that are most in demand and that will re- main practically, for a long time to come, in demand as a commercial commodity. Hon. Mr. Joly, of Quebec, has with energy and enthusiasm shown how well it will pay to plant walnut and secure for the future a supply of this valuable wood. What this improvident disregard for the future means is shown in the case of certain counties where certain kinds of wood existed, but which had been recklessly cut down by those who recognized no wealth in the standing tree. Take, for example, the county of Kent. Oak that sold there 15 or 20 years ago at $4.50 per 1000 feet could now be marketed at $25. per 1000 feet, and walnut which had only brought $14. per thousand feet would to-day command $100. Readers of the LUMBER- MAN will remember an account given in these columns some time ago of an ingenious fellow, who managed to strike certain points in the States where roots of wal- _nut trees were to be found in considerable quantity. He bought these up and by economy and ingenuity in cutting up, was able to realize quite a handsome turn- over from his venture. The farmer has on his 100 or 200 acres a few patches of hardwood and he sees little use for it beyond the trifle it will bring him when cut down. While the agriculturalist would be sleeping he might be making money by allowing this timber to stand. There is not much money in certain branches of farming to-day, with wheat netting Ontario farmers about 45c. a bushel. Why not engage in tree planting ? Is there not more than theory or sentiment in the sug- gestion of our correspondent ? Special correspondence from the Maritime provinces, telling of methods of lumbering down by the sea, is sug- gestive in the matter of tree planting. This writer tells us that in many sections spruce forests, not cut too close, will reproduce themselves in from 10 to 12 years. As he remarks, what a rich harvest 1s in store for the shrewd lumberman, who can look far enough ahead, when he has a product like spruce that can be grown with as little trouble and as quickly as, It is stated, is the case with this particular product of the forest. Growing trees may not be achimerical scheme after all. Se EDITORIAL NOTES. ‘THE woods of Australia are pushing themselves into the markets of the world in several different directions. We referred last month to the possibility of certain woods from the Antipodes finding a market in Canada, especially in the construction of harbor works, because of the fact that the wood is proof against the ravages of the toredo. Native woods of Australia and New Zea- land are commencing to appear on the English market. This applies specially to hardwoods. The New Zealand government has sent to Great Britain a timber expert, whose chief object is to introduce to the notice of Eng- lish buyers specimens of the numezous woods, of which the colony he represents 1s so well provided. Karri and jarrah, and New Zealand kauri pine have already estab- lished themselves in the United Kingdom, the first two being used to a large extent for wood paving purposes, and the latter.as a furniture wood. One of the new woods that is being introduced goes under the name of stringy-bark. Whilst it is the boast of the lumbermen of the mother land that all parts of the world are placed under contribution for various woods, yet lumbermen there are disposed to look with caution upon the present movement, which they fear may result in placing on the market large quantities of woods that will be found to possess comparatively little value for practical purposes, and the result will be to depreciate the woods of the Antipodes that have already proven to be useful and desirable. AN effort is being made by the lumbermen of the Southern states to bring about an increase in values in yellow pine. The remarks noted in our Eli page from D. L White, of Michigan, as also bya representative of the LUMBERMAN, show very clearly that yellow pine, for some time past, has been sold at a price so far below its competitor white pine that evidently unhealthy influ- ences have been at work to cause this. It seems that it has been the practice of lumber operators and small miil men in the south to combine in a manner to place yellow pine stocks at a central point at prices below any prices substantial manufacturers are willing to quote. A year or so ago in an interview published in these columns it was shown that it was the practice of unscrupulous dealers to operate in lumber at certain points in the south, hire negro labor, get the stocks shipped east before the season was finally over, and then the operators them- selves cleared out without having paid the negroes for the labor performed. This is only anotker of the diffi- culties that the lumbermen of the south had to contend with and they are organizing and have already held sev- eral meetings, hopeful that they will be able to suppress this unfair and dishonest class of competition. That — some good has already been effected by these means is shown in one instance in Chicago, where a contract for yellow pine, $16.50 has been abandoned and re-let for $18. White pine men will certainly wish the legitimate trade of the south success in the direction indicated, for they them- selves know something of the unfair competition that exists between yellow pine and white pine. ties and guard rails, which was taken at es = ——:- - ~r = ; : 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 [t is seldom otherwise, let business men anywhere play sharp and their chickens will come home to roost some day. In the interview that took place the early part of the month between the hardwood lumber men and Mr. J. Burton, ofthe Grand Trunk, the latter made the statement in after conversation with several of the depu- tation that the practice of underbilling onthe part of manufacturers had reached such a point that a little more thana year ago his company had found it necessary to establish a bureau of investigation at a cost of $20,000 to, if possible, put a stop to this evil ; at least to check it. The result so far has been that the bureau had actually saved the company $130,000. Mr. Burton, of course, meant this as an off-hand, if not an official, reply to the lumbermen who were complaining that they were being called upon to pay freight, very often, on a car billed to hold 30,000 pounds of lumber, where the actual weight probably would be 5,000 pounds less than this. In these cases, said Mr. Burton, the lumberman walks thedeck. In a good many cases where underbilling has been going on the Grand Trunk have had to walk the deck. It was not intended that this should serve as a reason why the honest lumberman should pay for the sins of the dishonest man, but it was an illustration, that discreditable prac- tices cannot be perpetrated by anyone, in any line of trade, without the whole trade being effected thereby. It isthe old story ofdog Tray keeping badcompany. Mr. Burton stated that as a matter of fact the biggest sinners were the grain and lumber trades of the country. ee * * A fortnight ago I was in company with a number of Ontario lumbermen when the subject of shingles came up for discussion. No one enthuses over shingles these days, for if lumber generally has been slow for some time past the shingle trade has been slow in a superlative degree. There was a time when the term shingles, so far as this province is concerned, simply meant white pine shingles, but with the introduction of the red cedar shingles of British Columbia, and, though only toa limited extent, the white cedar shingle of New Brunswick, conditions have changed. Perhaps it is natural that Ontario lumbermen should hold to their first love, and think that after all there is no shingle to compare with white pine. I find the impression is growing among them that the red cedar shingle is not going to show itself possessed of that strong measure of endurance that has always been considered its leading recommendation. The Pacific Coast people tell of the red cedar shingle as showing no signs of decadence, after having been 30 years and moreon a roof. Ontario lumbermen, as | have hinted, may be prejudiced against their red cedar rival. It is the case that those with whom I talked on this occasion were of one mind that whether it was owing to the process of kiln drying, or what not, red cedar shingles were not even now proving satisfactory. “It is all very well,” said Mr. McBean, of McBean Bros., “to talk of the longevity of this shingle, but I doubt if on the Pacific Coast they are put to the test of the severe east rains and snow storms that we get in Ontario, and which will test almost any roof if not well covered, both as regards material and workmanship. I hear com- plaints of shingles that have only been two or three years in Ontario, as unable to withstand the rains of this province.” Probably this point will-be disputed be _ our friends on the Pacific coast, but Iam giving somy views, at least, that prevail in Ontario. = bg se As A Mr. Eyer, of Read & Eyer, local lumbermen, is of the é view that a determined effort ought to be made to organ- jze the lumber trades of Toronto, and, the organization ight perhaps include the provinces. “We are seeing the weakness of individual effort,” said Mr. Eyer, “at _ the present time when we have a strong case against the _=t Granc Trunk in the matter of freight charges. I would not like to say that, as a result of our interview with Mr. Burton a fortnight ago, we are not going to get any- where, but the case would be very much strengthened if a stronger front could be presented in this matter as in any other case where we have a grievance. Then .we see the need of organization in so many different ways. I do not know what others think, but for my part I would not care to ship a stick of hardwood to the United States as the market stands to-day. There is no money in the business for Canadian hardwood men.” I remarked on this point that there was certainly a demand for hard- woods from the United States and the enquiries for specific classes of wood from that country were quite numerous. “TI will grant this,” replied Mr. Eyer, “but our hardwood men seldom act in concert. They have certain quantities of wood to sell and the dis- position is to sell at almost any price rather than lose asale. Were the trade organized there would be an opportunity to establish a fixed price, one that would represent a small margin of profit at least and not a loss. Furthermore the difficulty that is cropping up all the time as regards want of uniformity in inspection and which results in loss to our lumbermen, could be easily remedied. For my part I am disposed to let my stocks accumulate, rather than sacrifice them, knowing that there is value in lumber.” I asked Mr. Eyer what seemed to be the bottom difficulty of successful organ- ization of lumbermen. He said: “One drawback is that what you may term the big men of the trade will not affiliate.with the smaller men. Perhaps they think themselves above some of the rest. Other pecple are saying that. I am not saying it. But it seems reasonable to suppose that if a movement could be led by some of the larger concerns, that the smaller ones would come in and the big concerns as well as the little ones would be benefited by such an organi- zation.” * * * * Wherever and whenever it is possible to get after any man who can talk lumber, or who has been where there is a liklihood of securing lumber information, I am brig- and enough to waylay him without ceremony. A repre- sentative of the business end of the LUMBERMAN re- cently madea trip through the leading cities of the eastern states, calling upon the lumber trade, and on his return I was after him. ‘Tell us how you found the lumber trade, and what were the features of it that par- ticularly impressed you.” This is the way I started at our man from the counting-house. ‘Let me say,” he replied, “I enjoyed my trip immensely and found United States lumbermen jolly good fellows and business from the word go. Whether in New York, Albany, Buffalo or Philadelphia, I found no one talking very loud of the splendid trade they were doing. All had one story to tell in this respect, that trade throughout the year has been .terribly dull. Of course the tariff was blamed. The President came in for his share of censure. Cana- dians and free Jumber caught it occasionally, though seldom—but trade was dull. That was the point. White pine men say that yellow pine is proving a com- petitor in certain lower grades, and the difference in price is sufficient to knock out white pine to some ex- tent. Since the tariff has changed business has revived in part, but the year is going to close with the annual statements of most lumber concerns, showing a serious shrinkage in sales. But there isa lot of rubber in the com- position of the average American. Whilst there is nothing bright to tellof lumber trade now, I found thefeeling gener- al that business was going to beall right after the turn of the year, and that spring would open out with activity in building lines, which is always a help to the lumber trade, and with snap in business at all quarters. When anyone wants white pine or yellow pine they know where to get plenty of it, ifthey have got the money to pay for it, but I found lumbermen nearly every place I visit- ed making enquiry, ‘where can we get supplies of hemlock or birch or ash or elm or some other particular class of hardwoods? It occurred tome that hardwood trade in Canada ought to be good if our lumbermen would just lay themselves out to meet the needs of those who are enquiring for supplies of this kind. Just let me put in a word for the business end of the concern here by saying that I found United States lumbermen of the view that the issue of a weekly edition of the CANADA LUMBERMAN was going to prove an important factor in helping business in this direction, and generally, between the two countries.” k & * & Comfortably seated in the reading room of the Queen’s Hotel, I had an opportunity recently of chatting on lumber matters with Mr. D. L. White, jr., one of the large lumbermen of Saginaw, Mich., whose firm is interested in Canadian lumber. “A number of us”, said Mr. White, “have just returned from Ottawa where we have been interviewing the Minister of Trade and Commerce, Hon. Mr. Bowell, and other members of the Cabinet, concerning the duty on boom sticks. The visit was pleasant and will, I believe, result satistactorily for the lumber trades of Michigan and of Canada. Of course, diplomatic like, the Ministers, after hearing our case, agreed only to take the matter into their serious consideration, but we have every expectation that the decision will mean a removal of this obnoxious regula- tion.” The lumbermen of Canada, as much as those of the country to the south of us, will, I believe, regard this as a Satisfactory ending of an unpleasant difficulty. On no point have I found lumbermen more completely of one mind than on this question of the exacting of a tax on boom sticks. Naturally we talked about lumber conditions. Taking it altogether, whilst trade had cer- tainly been slow during the year, Mr. White leaned to the opinion that 1894 would not close as unfavorably as some of the trade had expected. The stocks on hand in Michigan, in Mr. White’s judgment, will not go beyond, probably, 200,000,000 to 300,000,000 feet, in place of 600,000,000 feet, as was stated a few months since by certain lumber authorities. Prices, of course, are not what they were a year ago and Mr. White hardly thinks they will reach so high a level again for some time. At present, however, they are firm and will likely hold at present figures. The outlook, after the turn of the year has been reached, is deemed to be encouraging, though no great boom is anticipated. Improvement will be gradual and sure. I asked this Michigan lumberman if he anticipated that the change in the complexion of the American Congress, a result of the late elections, would mean any amendment to the lumber tariff. ‘‘ Unless there should be some unpleasant friction,” said Mr. White, “between the Canadian and United States governments, I do not think that the tariff, so far as lumber is concerned, even in the case of dressed lumber, will be disturbed.” To what extent free lumber may result in the building of saw and planing mills by Ameri- can lumbermen in Canadian territories, is a disputed question on both sides of the line. Just as a number of mills have already been built here and will be operated by United States lumbermen, to a still greater extent Mr. White thinks this plan would be pursued, whilst the rafting of logs from the Georgian Bay shores to Michigan would probably fall off some. Methods of handling lumber, I learned, are changing toa considerable extent in the United States. The commission man is gradually being wiped out. In Wisconsin and Duluth, Mr. White said, the mills were establishing their own yards and distributing their own lumber. This method of doing business was growing. Another change, as effecting the white pine trade, was to be seen in the steady demand for yellow pine in eastern markets. Mr. White said that for flooring, ceiling, joist and car sills, yellow pine was now being largely used, and the prices at which it could be brought into the east was something that white pine operators could hardly understand. A good clear lumber can be secured laid down in Michigan for $15. per thousand and the same wood can be laid down in Canada for 16.50 “We could not begin,” said Mr. White, “to give any such grade of white pine for these figures.” As a parting query I tapped Mr. White for information on the probable cut in the woods this winter, but as is the case with lumbermen generally, he felt that this was a subject that could not be touched upon with certainty so early in the season. PUBLICATIONS. Edward Bellamy, the author of ‘‘ Looking Backward,” is to tell in the next issue of The Ladies’ Home Journal what he be- lieves a ‘‘ Christmas in the Year 2000” will be like, EB CANADA LUMBERMAN +) * JANUARY, 1895 8 iy GD = E f own account this winter, and will dispose of their lumber in OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LuMBERMAN.] N° decision has yet been reached in the matter of sawdust legislation. It is hoped, however, with the luambermen of the Chaudiere and those of the Maritime provinces moving aggressively in one direction, that some amendment will be made to the law as it now stands to come into effect on May ist. Locally, the question is a serious one for Ottawa. The distance between the saw mills and lumber limits has been gradually increasing in this district until now some lumbermen are talking of the necessity of placing their mills nearer to the limits and thus reducing materially the cost of log driving, as If the proposed saw- the measure will well as saving expense in other ways. dust legislation should be rigidly enforced, go a long way to cause lumbermen here to take the step al- ready, in a measure, premeditated. An estimate has been fur- nished J. R. Booth, showing that it would cost him $60,000 to have his mills at the Chandiere altered so that the sawdust be destroyed by burners. The Hawkesbury Lumber Co. say that if the legislation is enforced they will be compelled to change the location of their mills, which would mean an expense hardly less than $300,000. THE DUTY ON BOOM STICKS. A strong deputation of Michigan lumbermen had an inter- view on the 6th inst. with members of the Cabinet, including Mr. Mackenzie Bowell, Minister of Trade and Commerce, who occupied the chair, and Messrs. Foster, Ouimet, Costigan, Daly and Angers. The deputation consisted of S. Eddy, S. ©. Fisher, B. Boutell, S. G. M. Gates, E. T. Carring- ton and Temple Emery, of Bay City, and F. R. Potter and D. L. White, jr., of Saginaw. Mr. W. R. White, Q.C., Pem- broke, brother of Speaker White, and Mr. T. Weadock, congressman from Michigan, as Ameri- can counsel. Mr. J. W. McRae, representing the lumbermen of the Ottawa Valley, introduced the delegation to the Minis- ters. {need hardly go over at length the arguments presented by the deputation, as these have been fully covered in various I may say that the view of this ques- tion taken by the LUMBERMAN has been generally approved of by the trade in this district. Counsel White argued that it would take a big stretching of any of the clauses of the tariff to show that the boom sticks ought to be taxed as ‘‘ packages ” or as manufactured timber. Some 40% of the boom sticks They were used as such for a time and after- wards were sawn up with the other logs. Without these booms the steam tugs would not be of any value. In fact they were part and parcel of the tug, just the same as a barge for lumber was, or the tow rope. The United States government did not impose any such duty and its imposition by Canada might lead to an interference with free lumber, which would injure the whole trade. American Counsel Weadock in his address cov- ered largely the same ground as Mr. White. He drew atten- tion to the fact that the stumpage dues by Quebec were re- moved, because it was shown to be unfair, and no matter how it was viewed the duty on boom sticks was simply another way of imposing an export duty on logs. The Ministers listened attentively to the case of the American lumbermen, and whilst no decision was then given by the Cabinet, tired feeling satisfied with the treatment they had received and strong in the belief that there would be no further trouble in connection with this matter. Mr. Foster called the attention of Congressman Weadock to the fact that in British Columbia exporters of cedar to the United States had to face a duty of 25% under the Wilson Bill as against 157% under the McKinley tariff. The American Jumbermen expressed surprise generally at this statement, saying that it was news to them and that it might be expected that Congress would remedy the difficulty. acted as Canadian counsel, ways in your columns. were Canadian. the deputation re- INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. Buell, Orr & Co.’s mill has closed down for the season, and the cut has been one of the largest made by this firm. Contracts for 3,000,000 railway ties have been awarded by the Canadian Pacific Railway for the road west of Winnipeg. Mr. Thomas Osborne, who has been engaged each season in towing saw logs, says that the number ot logs passing down the Ottawe river to points below the capital has been very large this summer. The railway companies, with the object of increasing their trade in the shipping of lumber, have reduced their charges to $1.25 a thousand feet, which. is equivalent to a reduction of 25c. a thousand feet on the old rate or $2.50 on a car load. About 20 miles of valuable virgin forest, heavily timbered, has been opened out through the construction of the Lothbin- iere and Majentic railway. One mill employing 600 men has already been established in the district and others will likely follow. The contractors engaged in the work of the road state that in the course of constructing the railway the men cut 5,000,000 logs from 12 to 16 feet long, 1,000,000 sleepers, . os : » 300,000 telegraph poles, 3,000,000 fence posts, 200,000 cords of pulp wood, 2,000,000 cords of cordwood and 350,000 cords of hemlock bark. It is said that the Hon. J. K. Ward, of Montreal, is nego- tiating for the sale of 500 square miles of timber limits on the River Rouge, which are convenient for taking out pulp wood. The sale, it is expected, will be arranged within a few days, the price being $100,000. The limits were worked years ago by Hamilton & Bros., of this city, and also by the Hawkesbury Co. The River Rouge is a tributary of the Ottawa, which enters into the latter near Grenville. The limits are in the counties of Ottawa, Argenteuil and Montcalm. The sale is another indication of the attention that is being paid to the spruce industry. Orrawa, CAN., Dec. 22, 1894. ee BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LuMBERMAN.] HE labor difficulties that had prevented the running of the Royal City Mills for a short period, have been over- come, and the mills are now busily engaged cutting. They expect to make one of the largest shipments of the season to the south shortly. The barque India is loading at Hastings Mills for Valparaiso. The American barque Colorado is loading at the Hastings Mill for Sidney. The Brunette Saw Mills have been sending some large ship- ments to the east during the month. The Moodyville Saw Mill is closed down, owing to the bursting of the engine. Vessels loading at ithe Moodyville Mills will complete their cargo at the Hastings Mill. The Brunette Saw Mills have an order from the interior for 40 carloads of lumber, on which they are now at work. The lumber, it is understood, will be used in bridge building, re- placing the structures swept away by the floods last June. The heavy sticks will all be clear of knots and flaws and of the finest Douglas fir. New WESTMINSTER, B.C., Dec. 15, 1894. ——_—__———— ET NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. et outlook in lumber in the Maritime provinces during the coming winter may, to some extent, be gleaned by certain expressions of opinion from local lumbermen. Mr. I. C. Prescott, of Albert, N. B., whose firm employs 100 men and cuts 3,000,000 feet a year, does not anticipate they will cut more than half their usual quantity of lumber, but would, probably, increase their handling of hardwood timber. Mr. Wm. Chisholm, of Halifax, places the lumber cut of Nova Scotia about the average cut of former years. Mr. D. J. McLaughlin, of St. John, will saw his usual quantity of from 4,000,000 to 5,000,000 feet. trade in American markets next year. Mr. Wright, of Salis- bury, N. B., shares the same view. His firm saws 4,000,000 and 5,000,000 a year. F. O. Talbot, of Alma, N. B., who cuts 5,000,000 a year usually, is not likely to increase his output next year. E. J. Smith, of Shediac, will take out probably 2,500,000. Young Bros., of Newville and River Herbert, cut last year 8,500,000 feet of lumber and 8,000,000 laths. They expect to do fully as well the coming season. The firm has over 100 men in the woods. Messrs. C. F. & T. R. Eaton cut about 6,000,000 feet of deals at Eatonville this season and they will likely cut an equal amount next year. He anticipates an increased In response to pressure brought upon the Intercolonial Railway for more favorable freight rates, Mr. J. G. Forbes, secretary of the lumber association of the Maritime provinces, has received a letter from J. J. Wallace, general freight agent at St. John, in which he says: “ I have your letter of 11th inst., addressed to the general manager, with reference to the rebate on lumber for export, and asking what is meant by the twenty per cent. rebate. Formerly a car of lumber was estimated to weigh 20,000 lbs., which was equal to 8,000 superficial feet of soft wood or 5,000 superficial of hardwood. Supposing this was charged at five (5) cents per Ioo lbs., it would be $10. We now propose to load the cars up to their capacity, or minimum of 25,000 Ibs., equal to 10,000 super- ficial feet of soft wood, or 6,250 feet of hardwood which at five (5) cents per 100 lbs., would be equal to $12.50. Making a rebate of 20 per cent. would reduce the charges to $10, thus carrying 10,000 superficial feet of soft wood at the former rate for 8,000 superficial feet. I might say 6,250 feet of hardwood is estimated to weigh about the same as 10,000 superficial feet . of soft wood, It is thought that the cut of lumber in King’s county will be larger this winter than last. “A large number of small mill concerns will operate on their the spring to St. John buyers. Lumber dealers say the cut on the St. Croix this winter will be between 25,000,000 and 30,000,000 feet, possibly not more than 25,000,000. Last year it was nearly 50,000,000. Senator J. B. Snowball has expressed the opinion that the lumber cut along the North Shore will be larger this winter than last if the operators are not hindered by the snow as they were last year. The Aberdeen mill, operated by McDonald & Fraser, has closed down for the winter. It did not commence cutting until August, and the total of the season’s work is only about 3,000,000 feet. Sr. Joun, N. B., Dec. 20., 189, TT MICHIGAN LETTER. {Regular correspondence CanapA LuMBERMAN.] ie deputation of lumbermen that left the Saginaw Valley the early part of the month to interview the government at Ottawa, have returned home well satisfied with the outcome of their visit. True they have not brought back in their grip- sacks any official document showing that boom sticks will be free of duty in the future. This is not the way politicians handle the question, but they have every reason to believe, from the manner in which their complaint was received, and the reply, though in a measure non-committal, from the Hon. Mr. Bowell and his associates, that their request will be granted. Such a result is going to be beneficial, not alone to the lumber trades of the two countries, but will go a long way to remove any prejudice that may have existed in this country against the Canadian government, and help to make it easier in the future for the two countries to arrive at improved methods of trade. With the business of the year, to all intents and purposes, at an end, the oft-recurring question of how far the forests of Michigan have become depleted of marketable timber, comes again to the front. And the more the subject is studied and looked into with care and exactness, the stronger becomes the verdict that Michigan has got to depend on Canada for her white pine. One piece of evidence in this direction is the statement made on good authority that taking an average of the annual cut for ten years past, that of 1894 - will show a falling off of about 35%- 7 BITS OF LUMBER. The Saginaw Lumber and Salt Co. has sold and shippe 30,000,000 feet this season. It is thought that there will be an increased output of hard- wood logs in Saginaw this winter. : From 800 to 1000 men, it is estimated, have gone from Sag- inaw Valley to Canada and Upper Michigan pineries this fall. Over 151,000,000 feet of lumber has been moved by water from Bay City, whilst shipments by rail show a very large in- crease over any former season. ‘ Cleveland heads off Tonawanda this season in its receipts of lumber from the Saginaw river, the figures standing 40,712,132 feet for the former and 39,831,147 feet for the latter. The following figures, showing the aggregate lake shipments from the Saginaw river for a series of years, may be of service | to readers, as a matter of reference and comparison : Lumber. Shingles. UWSOS. steel 430, 128,000 74,141,105 T8002 ascended 474,912,425 86,178,500 © 1870...-- . 487,489,268 130,448,490 LS 7 TS ong 6 oleae 516,629,474 142,661,500 TS7D oe teec es 492,834,900 87,204,500 ihe eon aici 452,708,562 38,521,500 They, ence cee ea 448,707,652 82,164,500 USS secs rasa 445,149, £55 117,832,500 US7G.r: yee | sis 456,227,252 105,743,000 TST7 tee oat 539,886,074 162,594,250 TO Buicn cs aati 525,282,098 86,699,380 TS7O eee c ae 7 c)ria 678,298,866 222,602,731 TSSOnde estas ae 769,573,000 168,145,400 PSSM. 2 Se ecient os 833,050,939 149,816,000 TSS2o-1- ees) eel 858,344,000 176,376,500 . 1889 oper scien 778,702,067 164,032,000 : ricts) Ge epee oOee 734,938,469 153,333:000 TSSh pees 659,575,000 129,539,005 SSO vee eee ce 591,013,100 117,494,000 TSS7ideis geo 486,285,000 85,698,000 Leste Mee, sere "Seno 451,391,000 75,892,000 TSSOe eee 432, 130,000 98,977,000 T8QOss ./. 2c1.m eee 409,972,000 89,249,000 reel Gqember sae oy 404, 577,000 80,487,000 TAO2. 5 fee ee a 347,866,091 50,447,000 1893.------+:- 173,154,000 12,900,000 > 1894... essen eee 182,600,017 12,011,000 Of a contemplated cut of 20,000,000 feet of logs by Eddy Bros. & Co., Canada will supply 16,000,000 feet. This firm has recently purchased 100,000,000 feet of Canada pine from Daniel Harden, of Saginaw, at a sum generally stated to be $250,000. ~ Sacinaw, Mrcu., Dec. 21, 1894. A 4 ow] . “JANUARY, 1895 THE NEWS. —G. C. Crawford, sawmill, Zimmerman, Ont., is dead. —Chew Bros. purpose enlarging their saw mills’at Midland, Ont. —Goodday, Benson & Co:, lumber merchants, Quebec, have dissolved. —J. Irwin Armstrong, lumber dealer, Belmont, Man., has assigned. —Mr. Barker is erecting a saw mill at Burford, Ont., near Brantford. —Benson & Co. is the name of a new firm of lumber dealers at Quebec. —The Assiniboine Lumber Co., Brandon, Man., has been incorporated. —The saw mill at Josephine, Ont., has been purchased by Mr. Baldwin. —Vigars Bros., will get out a million feet of pine logs near Sand Lake, Ont. = —Murphy & Co. have formed a partnership in Quebec as lumber merchants. —An addition will be erected to Buell Hurdman & Co.’s saw mill at Hull, Que. —Gillies’ Bros., of Braeside, Ont., are putting in two new engines at their saw mill. _—James Hayden’s steam saw mill at Hartland, N. B., is about to resume operations. —Jas. Playfair & Co., of Midland, Ont., are about to build a large tug similar to the Reliance. —Duffy Bros. have again commenced operations with their steam saw mill at Lake Dore, Ont. —It is stated that a new company will erect a saw mill at Rolling Dam, Charlotte Co., N. B. —J. B. Smith & Sons and McBurney & Laycock have closed their saw mills at Calendar, for this season. —The Edmonton Saw Mill Co., Edmonton, N. W. T., will take out about a million and a half feet of saw logs this winter. —The Leishman Maundrell Co., lumber dealers, of Strat- ford, Ont., are developing an extensive trade in that city and surrounding country. —A new engine has been placed in Prince’s saw mill at Buckingham, Que. There will be about twenty-five men em- ployed in the mill during the winter. —G. K. McLeod has sold to C. & I. and G. D. Prescott his timber reserves on Benjamin river in Restigouche county, N. B. The price paid was about $5,000. —The Sable and Spanish Boom and Slide Company, of Algoma, will ask Parliament to amend the schedule of tolls which it may collect on lumber passing through its booms and slides. —The Drummond Lumber Co. are building a large saw mill at Forestdale, Quebec. They will build a dam across the Deschene River, about 7 miles from Forestdale, to supply power for the same. —The widow of W. S. Spence, who met his death while adjusting a beltin Craig & Co.’s planing mill on Dundas street, Toronto, has entered suit against the company to recover the sum of $2,000 damages. —It is expected that J. & T. Conlon’s new saw mill at Little Current, Ont., will be ready for cutting about the 1st of February. When completed it will be one of the best equipped mills on the Georgian Bay. —Negotiations are said to be in progress between Eaton & Sons, of Calais, Me., and W. H. and J. Rourke of St. Martins, N. B., for the purchase of the mill property of the latter firm, together with considerable timber limits. _ —The Newmarket Era states that Messrs. Wm. Cane & Sons have recently fitted up a portable saw mill for the purpose of converting the 60 cars of saw logs, which were brought down from Penetanguishene, into bolts from which pails and tubs are manufactured. —Some dock lumber for the Montreal Transportation Com- pany has been purchased in British Columbia. It will be * shipped by boat via the Pacific ocean and up the Atlantic to ™ the St. Lawrence river, and thence to Montreal. t The trip will take four months. —The St. Anthony Lumber Company, with chief place of _ business at Whitney, Ont., are applying for incorporation, with _ acapital stock of $1,500,000. E. M. Fowler, Chicago, IIl., = C Whitney, Minneapolis, Minn., and Arthur Hill, Saginaw, Mich., are to be the first directors. —Mr. T. J. Ryan, Crown Lands Agent at Sudbury, Ont., __ who recently paid a visit to Toronto, states that the lumbering industry in that section has improved greatly owing to the changes in the American tariff, and there are more applications now being made for timber limits than at any time in the last four years. —A cedar tree 407 feet in height and measuring seventy feet in circumference at the base has just been felled near Ocosta, Wash. It was sixty feet to the first limb of the tree and the limb itself was seven feet in diameter. It is estimated that the tree furnishes 100,000 feet of boards, enough to make over a hundred carloads of shingles. —Incorporation is being asked for by the Niebergall Stave and Lumber Company, of Staples, Ont., with a capital stock of $45,000, to manufacture lumber, staves, etc. The first direc- tors are Geo. Niebergall, Geo. Acheson and S. P. Halls, of Goderich, Ont.; Geo. M. McEwan, Hensall, Ont., and David R. Menzies, of Clinton, Ont. —A London detective has recently returned from Dawn township, Lambton county, where he had been investigating the alleged robbery of timber from the estate of the late Sheriff Glass. He reports that acres of fine timber land have been stripped by the thieves. Four men are now confined in Pe- trolia gaol charged with complicity in the offence. —Formal notice has been given of an application for an act to incorporate the Royal Paper Mill Company, of Sherbrooke, Que., to manufacture pulp, paper and lumber, with power to acquire the property of the Royal Pulp and Paper Company, of East Angus. The new company will have a capital of $400,- 000, The applicants are: W. B. Ives and F. P. Buck, of Sherbrooke ; Rufus H. Pope, Cookshire, and George Van Dyke and Irving W. Drew, of Lancaster. FIRES AND CASUALTIES. FIRES. —R. B. Jeffrey’s saw millat Victoria Road, Ont., was burned on the 7th of December. The loss is about $1,000, with no insurance. —A fire around the wharves, near W. B. Hayford’s mill, three miles up the river from St. John, N. B., destroyed about $6,000 worth of lumber the early part of last month. —The shingle mill of Cowan & McGinty, at Marble Cove, N. B., was consumed by fire a couple of weeks ago. The mill was erected about seven years ago, at acost of $14,000, but had not been in operation for the past eight months. The insurance is $4,000. —About the middle of December Robert Gaw & Co.’s plan- ing mill at Kingston, Ont., was destroyed by fire. Among the contents were a large quantity of sashes, doors and blinds ready for shipment, and many in the course of manufacture. Loss, $7,000 ; insurance, $6,000. —The saw mill belonging to Messrs. Trueman Brothers, at Trumanville, N. S., about nine miles from Amherst, was tot- ally destroyed by fire early in December. The mill was com- paratively new and valued at about $2,000, It was a rotary mill, water power, and fully equipped with sawing apparatus and a grain mashing outfit. CASUALTIES. —wWhile engaged in’felling a tree in the lumber woods at Parry Sound, John O’Connor had one of his legs badly crushed. He was taken to the hospital at Toronto. —Wnm. Brotherston, foreman for the Georgian Bay Lumber Co., accidentally shot himself through the heart while handling a rifle, near Coldwater, a fortnight ago. —KEd. Clapp, Bridgewater, was killed in the woods near Gilmour. A tree fell into the crutch of another, which gave way, one piece of it hitting him on the head ; he lived only about an hour. Deceased was single and about twenty-four years of age. —An employee of Mickle, Dyment & Co., named Alex. Sanville, recently met with an accident which resulted in his death. The unfortunate man was felling a tree, when a large limb struck him, breaking his back, He died in about twenty four hours. He was a hard-working, steady man, and leaves a widow and five small children to mourn his loss, THE WORLD’S GREATEST ELMS, Te elm (Ulmus Campetris) is an old and long familiar tree, the wood of which, however, accord- ing to Timber, of London, Eng., is of no great import- ance, and is used for a variety of purposes, while knobs or monstrosities found on the tree are cut into thin slices and polished, and employed by carpenters in the pro- cess of veneering. The wood is very durable, and the keels of troughs and waterpipes are always constructed of elm timber. The elm trees live to a great age, and some trees in Oxfordshire were famous even in the time THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 of Queen Elizabeth. The “Long Walk” at Windsor was planted at the beginning of the last century, and is well known and greatly admired, though some of the trees have passed their prime. There isa great elm tree in the south of England that measures sixty-one feet in circumference. Its trunk is hollow and hasa door fitted into it and fastened by a lock and key. An- other great elm, near London, has a winding staircase cut within it, and a tuiret on top where at least twenty persons can stand. But the largest and finest elm tree in the world was (for it unfortunately is not) in the county of Kildare, Ireland. Two ofthe huge branches fell down of their own weight, and that on a still, calm day, when there was not a breath of wind. The timber of the branches was conveyed away and sold for guineas. The noble tree did not long survive the loss of the branches. It was already tottering to its fall, anda violent storm tore it up by the roots, a great mass of earth and rocks being torn up with them. The elm is taller than most of our forest trees, and the masses of light shade, formed by its abundant, yet loose, foliage, impart much beauty to a woodland scene. IMPORTANT LUMBER SUIT. CASE of heavy litigation has come before Justice Ferguson at the sitting of the High Court of Justice for the Province of Ontario at Rat Portage. About a year and a half ago a trust was formed by which all the lumber properties at Rat Portage, Keewatin and Norman, excepting the Keewatin Lumber company were placed in the hands of trustees with the object of forming a combine under the name of the Ontario and Western Lumber Company, (limited). The trustees were W. P. Creighton, J. M. Savage, D. C. Cameron, John Dick, H. W. Kennedy and Walter Ross, and it was provided that certain parties interested in the various firms should obtain letters of incorporation under the name of the Western Ontario Lumber Company, (limited,) and that all the properties should be transferred to that Company, and that stock in that company should be issued in pay- ment for the assets to be transferred. It was also pro- vided that valuators should be appointed, and that the valuations of the various properties would be accepted by the owners, and that stock should issue in the new Company for the amount at which the valuation should be made. James Pringle, of Montreal, and J. N. Johnston, of St. Paul, Minnesota, were appointed valuers and made valuations of the different properties, but there valuations were not satisfactory to some of the parties, and more particularly to Dennis Ryan, of St. Paul, who is the chiet stockholder in the Minnesota & Ontario Lumber Company, whose mill and lumber property were affected by this arrangement. An action was at once commenced by Mr. Ryan to set aside the agreement providing for the trust and for the formation of the new company, and the case has been adjourned from time to time, but is now on for hearing. In June another action was commenced in the name of the Attorney General of Canada, in which it is endeavored to set aside the letters patent to the new company, that is, of the Ontario and Western Lumber Company, (limited). The chief grounds upon which these letters patent are being attacked are, that while $500,000 worth of stock was subscribed for, there was not in reality a bonafide subscription for that amount. Anotber ground is, that while $50,000 deposit was re- quired to be made before the application for the letters patent would be granted, that this matter was arranged by discounting a note for $50,000 which was afterwards retired by a cheque of the company for the same amount and although this is a very ordinary way of arranging a deposit for a charter, it is proposed to test the validity of if If the letters patent of the Ontario and Western Lumber Company are annulled financial complications of a very serious character, it is said, are quite possible. S. H. Blake, Q. C., of Toronto, will represent Mr. Ryan and the Attorney-General of Canada. With him will be associated T. H. Gilmour, Q.C., and N. F. Hagel, Q. C., of Winnipeg ; and the defendants willbe - represented by H. M. Howell, Q. C., W. H. Culver, Q. C., C. P. Wilson and James Fisher. =". a eg oe “ar 4 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN JANUARY, 1895, TRADE REVIEW. Office of CANADA LUMBERMAN, Dec. 26, 1894. THE GENERAL SURVEY. pe present season of the year in the lumber trades 1s one that marks a parting of the roads. It is the end of the year and no great attention is given to im- mediate business. There is no immediate business of any account to be done. Santa Claus claims everyone’s attention these times. The calendar year ends the busi- ness year with most lumber concerns and we find the trade almost everywhere getting things in shape for the balancing of books and ascertaining just what the out- come of 1894 has been. Nor has the trade commenced yet to look out into the future. After the books have been balanced the vision will be clearer. An impression prevails, however, not- withstanding the dullness of 1894, that better days are in store for the lumber trade, and these will commence to show themselves shortly after the turn of the new year. Various figures are being given out to indicate the cut of the mills during the season of 1894 in all the impor: tant manufacturing centres. Considerable data of this character is in possession of the LUMBERMAN, which we shall put into shape with other matter that will come before us for our annual review of the trade that will ap- pear in next month’s issue of this journal. The following official figures, for the quarter ending Sept. 30, though fragmentary and incomplete, will give some indication of the conditions of trade. Excepting Manitoba and British Columbia, the export of lumber, timber and logs from Canada to the United States, for the three months named, amounts to $3,648,807. Of lumber going for-vard $54,506 was shipped to the United States from Ontario in bond and of this amount $50,032 went from the Ottawa district. The shipments of logs to the United States from Quebec amounted to $23,281. Ontario wood exports to the United States were: Lath and shingles, $96,068 ; bark, $15,972 ; logs and timber, $1,501,550; lumber, $1,183,830; lumber for export, $54,506 ; picket and palings, $3,901; poles, telegraph and hop, $24,792 ; posts, $2,706 ; pulp, $43,353 ; hooks, staves, headings and bolts, $189,985 ; cordwood, $8,685 ; pulp wood, $70,670. Quebec exported to the United States during the same period : Hemlock bark, $2,930 ; lumber, $350,601 ; pulp wood, $72,784; railway ties, $17,732 ; match blocks, $6,302 ; shingles, $9,336 ; wood pulp, $13,071 ; clapboards, $26,163 ; logs, $23,281 ; all other wood products, $6,990. Nova Scotia, New Bruns- wick and Prince Edward Island sent to the United States : Lath and lumber, $535,039 ; firewood, $20,297 ; pulp wood, $14,967. In New Brunswick the opinion grows that trade during the incoming year with the United States will show a considerable enlargement. The season closed has not been a very large one in the Lake of the Woods district, the cut amounting to only about 25,000,000 feet. UNITED STATES. It can seldom be written of December in the lumber business that trade has assumed large proportions. It is not the month for big business, and contrasted with November, where even in the dullest times trade runs into considerable size, the contrast is noticeable. Speak- ing distinctly of the white pine market, whatever the past may have shown, the outlook for the future is more encouraging. Manufacturers have resolved to enter with vigor into operations quickly after the opening of the new year, and this will mean an increase in trade. Then with occasional exceptions prices for pine are now being held with greater firmness. The feeling is that if prices do not advance in the near future there is no oc- casion that they should shrink, and the leaders in the lumber trade have come to the conclusion that they in- tend to make no sacrifice in prices when it is not required. A pretty correct census of stocks can now be ascertained from all important points, and if we except Minnesota, which has a large supply of logs and lumber, the stdcks generally are by no means of a size to cause anxiety. This remark applies to the mill product and is equally applicable to the wholesale trade. The stock sheets that will be completed on Jan. tst will, in neither case, show heavy holdings. The average trade, as a matter of fact, have purchased cautiously enough for months back to render heavy stocks an impossibility. FOREIGN, Trade is on the quiet side in the markets of Great Britain and the impression prevails that pine and spruce supplies shipped to these markets annually will, during next season, fall below the average. A stronger hope of increased trade from Australia is born of the depar- ture of the Canadian commissioner to that colony. Just how far the lumber trades will be strengthened it is a little difficult to say, but Mr. Larke is of the opinion that an improved business can be done and new avenues of trade for lumber opened out. It is thought by some that the large order from South Africa placed with the McLaren, Ross Co., of British Columbia, will not be the only good sized order that wi!l come from that section, trade there seeming to improve. A fair trade continues to be done with South America. HARDWOODS. Canadian hardwood men are by no means in good spirits. Whilst there is a demand for many lines of hardwood, prices do not encourage doing much business. The most hopeful sign in the hardwood trade is the growing impression that in the future hardwoods are going to cut an important figure in the lumber trade. They are being used in an increased degree in furniture manufacturing, for flooring, and in other ways that had not been common to them in the past. The convictien is taking hold of men who have been accustomed to large transactions in the pine trade, that it will pay them to secure hardwood timber lands, and hold them, rather than allow them to be sacrificed by the agriculturist, which is so often done now. It has seemed tothe Lum- BERMAN that the hardwood trade has been given the go-by very often of late years, where in some respects its possibilities are of the most encouraging character. SHINGLES. Dullness, with no let-up to it, has still to be written of the shingle trade, locally, or anywhere else. In the Washington territory red cedar shingle trade has been further demoralized through the big cut made by the Ballard Co., of Tacoma. This concern, it is said, has already received orders for over 40,000,000 shingles. This continual cutting is one of the unhealthy features of the trade. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, December 26, 1894. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. TeT-4 AN. CUE lip lati betterssta acs etaae eee ene ein meatier ete 33 00 36 00 1x10 and 12 dressing and better. ......0....ccsceeseccesveeee 20 00 22 00 Txxo) and: 12-mnillirtms:< < <1. snlss sew eee 1x10 and 12 spruce Culls..............+. axro’and x12 "mplllreitlls2.-/> ae asis enienieGe seen eee eee ane 10 00 11 00 %. inch clear and) picks 45-9-s- erase ceeeceeen an ene eee 1 inch dressing and better.............. Pe OlMsr Ghats NLbAN sae Ba ebb Sahar aenecocda dasAchonan oe 14 00 I5 00 x inchisiding Common|;.cs..0 cen eens aeeeeemice eh ane 12 00 13 00 _inch:Ssiding ship culls: ..ckio vee eet eile ce tee in eee II 00 12 00 minch'sidinginiiincullss.us meee ceenn cee henna eee 9 00 10 00 Culliscantl img teeter secretions nai neni: enya eee 800 9 00 1 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank........................ 24 00 26 00 © inch Strips 4 tnsito)8) woh antl cen ce oe eit eee 14 00 15 00 3 UGH SERIpS, "COMMON ct avi hme ee late atest eee ee I2 00 1300 K oq InCh MOOrNe epee hath sila setae an eee 16 00 ait-2 Inch Mooring: .2).r.aciee teeters cee eemn einai nen oie Tek 16 00 XXX shingles, 16 inch............ efi 2 30 XOX ishing lés x6 nich’. atscis ten raejs sem ae ee eta eae ce aie I 40 Lath, No. x iijeraic safes Yxt cacteelac Meitae ae ita eee 2 00 Dath, JN oi'2 sh oicedtecss sorsleeln aalsictar-e reins: Botnet Seem 180 1 85 HARDWOODS-—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 tozin..$26 00 $28 oo Elm, soft r to 1}4$14 00 $15 00 Las 2% to 4.. 30 00 32 00 2 3-- 15 00 16 00 “black, r ‘‘ 1% 18 00 20 00 “rock 1x ‘x 16 00 18 00 tf Lu “ 4.. 20 00 24 00 aS WEG Wig dg) £8 3) 6 ‘Goll aadeo. Birch, r “1% 2000 2200] Hickory 1% “ 2.. 28 00 3000 a“ 2 ‘* 4.. 22 00 25 00] Maple rt ‘1% 1600 18 00 «« “sqrs. 4x4 “‘ 8x8 26 00 30 00 - 2 ‘4.. 18 00 2000 Basswood 1 ‘ 1% 1600 18 00 Oak,red,p'n x “14% 28 00 30 00 et 1% “‘ 2.. 19 00 19 00 sf . “ 4-. 3000 3200 “mr. 1 “ 1 14 00 1600] “whiter ‘1% 2800 3000 Butternut 1 ‘ 144 23 00 25 00 Soe tS 2 Wasias 30.00 ea tOe ss 2 ‘© 3.. 25 00 28 00 “quart'd 1 ** 2.. 48 00 5200 Chestnut 1 ‘‘ 2.. 22 00 25 00 | Walnut tr ‘€3.. 85 00 100 90 - Cherry r ‘1% 50.00 60 cc} Whitewood 1 ‘‘ 2.. 3200 3600 < 2 ‘*4.. 6000 65 00 OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, Dec. 26, 1894. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b. SMe vee e esse es na ane 40 00 Pine, gond strips, =f 00 Pine, good shorts, _“ ae OC Sagrin eRaEee Mei 2 00 Pine, 2nd quality sidings, per M feet, b.m 25 00 Pine, 2nd quality strips, og s 22 00 Pine, 2nd quality shorts, s s 18 00 Pine, shipping cull stock, ‘‘ tb ff 16 00 Pine, box cull stock, ss Ue 13 00 Pine, s.c. stripsand sidings “ ns 14 00 Pine, iil cull ijins..0u nies steam em eee ee eed tone eee 10 00 Lath, per Mi. apeciyer tee ee piceeaiesanee Aro he rien T 90 NEW YORK CITY. New York, N. Y. Dec. 26th.—There is really noth- ing particularly noteworthy in this market. The trade generally are preparing themSelves to sum up the sea- son’s trade and there will not be any great activity until the turn of the new year. White pine is slow and its competitor yellow pine is not cutting any particular figure in trade just now. Eastern spruce holds its place better almost than any other class of wood. There is an encouraging outlook for building operations for an- other year. WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of supply, rendering it useless to give prices for local market. WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge timber... ....$40 00 @ 50 00 | Building orders.....$28 00 @ 40 00 Decking... +-<5.0.. 45°00 55/00 Per oe W. Po bridge timber. <---- seen $:8 @ $35 W. P. decking, 3 in. "thick and Dpes nes 44 - planed 1 s and 2 edg. 2 and 2% in. thick...... 46 $1 per M extra. “yacht decking... -o-~< ee 55 ipl 4. $2 extra. Biilding timber 7.5024 sees ee 26 32 ALBANY, N.Y. ALBANY, N. Y., Dec. 26th.—Lumbermen are practic- ally into their winter quarters, and trade has commenced to take on the quietude of the holiday season. Novem- ber showed a measure of activity, which compared with the same month in other years was nothing to boast of, yet it was an improvement over what trade had been done so far the present season. Quotations for pine re- main firm and spruce has advanced. Lumbermen are interesting themselves to some extent in an Sp for the deepening of the canal. PINE, 24% in. and up, good........ $56 $60 | 10-in. common............ se $16 Ponti 0.25). osmac Salee 58 | 12-in. dressing and better. . 34 Delects.5, «eviews seviecemoe 50 Common jg, sss ses eee 15 17 PIckings % this ew ecvelntne 45 | 14-in. siding, selected, 13 ft. 40 45 1 to 2-In. good... 55. Commons) .cv.. so sym 15 17 Peurths). (csvset s eee 50 | r-in. siding, selected........ 38 42 Selects ui. s.cctewoen ees 45 MRIMOM =). 59 ae oe eet of Pickingssy.. «2/0 ess otearebs 40 | Norway, clear............. 22 25 ESIN( BOOMs ale swore: Metre 55 ESSN. ss <0. eee # 18 NGUKENS yc cca men emote 50 Common ; <.0-+-s0saeae® 1s Selects: 20a -csnmiceeule 45 | ro-in. plank, 13 ft., ” dressing « ec Pickings.s-.cssaces crue 40 and better, ea ay ake 42 55 Cutting-up ..... 27 | ro-in. plank, 13-ft. culls, each 23, 25 Bracket plank ........-:-... 30 35 | ro-in. boards, 13 ft., dressing Shelving boards, 12-in. ae jo 32 and better, each......... « 28 32 Dressing boards, narrow. 19 21] 10-in. boards, 13-ft. culls.... 17 21 LATH. PING 5. .5:3inas ox eee $2 25 | Spruce >. ns onan aes »sse« $2 00 SHINGLES. Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 10 $4 25 | Bound butts, aes 18 ....$5 90 $6 00 Clear butts.......... 3 x0 3 25 | Hemlocki.. ee eee 215 2 30 Smooth, 6x 18....... 5 40 5 50| Spriice... wees eee OSWEGO, N.Y. ; OswEGo, N. Y., Dec. 26th.—Trade is quiet now, and with navigation closed and the holidays here, will remain so for some weeks at any rate. WHITE PINE, Three uppers, 1 As, aA and Bo UBCN 2a.5 esi 800 900 Selecteds ea hoean Sten HEMLOCK, Boards, rough........ 9 c0o@10 00 ING Cad isic ait rats 7 00@ 9 50 Planes .sacjaeee ee: II 00 1150 LATH. DS PUG Srer a rercty siete persis | BY CargOse ese esas 1 80@ 1 go IBS CAT: Saaeuiges acts ote 1 80@ 200 ; ’ LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES SUGAR. CANNED GOODS. c. per lb Per doz. Granulatedin mcantys nteioia 430 440 Apples, EG on Ree eene $1 00 $1%t0 Extra bright refined....... 4 4% Ballons .a.2-...- 265 280 Bright Yellow............. 3% 3% | Beans, 2......... Dy hasiO 85.0195 Medium ellows i025 27) = 3% | Corn, a's. - 090 095 Dark Yellow.............. 3% 3% Se Bpicure yes erie tae Sab) eet ie RAW? <2. tips wisrevneeeate years eons scien Poets eas tN Wave esinns 085 095 } so ** Sifted Select ..... pA ee Oe f SYRUPS AND MOLASSES. Peaches, 2's cen ayyaree 200 225 SYRUPS. Per gallon os 3's + 300 325 bbls. % bbls. Plums, Gr. Gages, - ZS . 285° 2,00 IDEAS seo1 suo guangouoe 25 30 Lombard .....- 150 160 Ni koe hbo ore ab eb § pborpoedoc 30 (35 es Damson Blue ... 150 1 60 Lsjated Nin preerceig eee ee 35 40 Pumpkins, 1S) Al Man, cca ever yuan tere) Very Brighticsicecscneeceen 50 00 & gallons . shieteraie 210 225 Redpath’ ER 5 (o10() Aer 40 | Tomatoes, 3’s. .....:.. 085 ogo “2 gal pails 1 25 | ‘Thistle’ Finnan Haddies 1 35 1 40 SS «3 gal pails 1 50 | Salmon, talls. ¢ T25° 9139 MOLASSES. ACSW lero mesie sis 135 140 Per gal Trinadad, sit puncheons =. © 32 035 CANNED MEATS Idongodents 0 3603 as PaO Ise sey ae co) fe ° a (CANADIAN.) New Orleans, in bbis..... 0 30 032 Comp. Corn Beekalb cans $1 50 $1 60 Porto Rico, hdds .... 0 38 0 4o iS 260 265 barrels ...... 0 42 0 44 Ge ss “480 500 cs ¥% barrels.... 0 44 0 46 a oe 6 OES 35/5 “ce “e ce RICE, ETC. a alee Per lb: Rice, AACANi Scars xs 3% 3% BOR PAE Ay an vaeice serae ries 44 LOSSRIDINS. c. per Ib SoPeahananiene nsctas eae: 5 Mocha. 2 otis ween ee oe 28 33 ‘© Imperial Secta...... ... 5% Old Government Java....... 75 35 “Extra Burmah....... 3% 4 Rio ..--... eee eee eee eee 2) Ze “Java Extra.......... 614 6% | Plantation Ceylon........... 29 31 *« Genuine Carolina.... 9! 10 (RorboRicorerra. tien ani eters «ts 24 28 Grand Duke I Guatemalan ns etter 24 26 SSO eC REC Eee VERENE obec cmcanancoacdens 22 20 SRaplOCa ahs es PR ee 4 Maracatbonerer acme: 24 24 White Beans, per bushel Caffaroma, rand zlbtins,asstd .. 33 FRUITS. DOMESTIC. FOREIGN. c. per lb. Apples, Dried, perlb...... 5% 6 Currants, Provincial, bbls.. 3% Evaporated Bmore 8 10 4 «'y, bbls ov 4% iimatrass CEBU 4 4% | TOBACCO AND CIGARS. s Currants, Patras, bbls) i... : sa British Sores 4's; Twin Gold sf A bbls .. 3H 5% Bar, eels etd 59c x SS GASES) s.r, 6% | Ingots, rough and ready, 8's. 57 es Vostizzas, cases. ay 7% | Laurel, 3’s.. ... = 49 Se SO Il ' Jali, SS © PL) y aS _ ——— Me — ee i = S F } so\ far ‘OM dl h NOC O CO OOO QOGOGOGOOC~ /, ——* | ian ( S al \\ \ . \ RIN \ | \ | aS CSN THE WM. HAMILTON MEG. CO. Ltp. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. Branch Office: Vancouver, B.C. i \ ha 4 Neen _ lumber business. farmers about Cadillac, Mich., are hauling bird’s eye _ maple cut into stove wood into town and selling it at goc. -T#® CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVI. NuMBER 2. BY-EHE WAY. HE lumber section of the Toronto Board of Trade is settling down to the business ofthe year. At a meeting a week ago the following officers were elected : Executive Committee, Ald. Jos. Oliver and James Scott, and Geo. Gall and John Firstbrook ; Arbitration Com- mittee, J. Donogh, Robert Laidlaw and C. Beck, of Penetanguishene. With an executive possessing men as thoroughly representative of the trade as is indicated by the names here recorded there is likely to be some active work done during the year. It is useless to say. that lumbermen are different from those of other mercial bodies and have little or no occasion to get to- gether at intervals and talk over and plan trade matters. We fear that sometimes this feeling takes hold of them and there is less of the esfrzt de corps than there might be among so important an interest. We do not take much stock in the Heo-Hoo concatenations of the lumbermien of the United States. There would seem to be a lot of nonsense in connection with the affair, and yet back of it is the idea of lumbermen, whose relations with one another become sometimes a little strained through business transactions, coming together in frater- nal intercourse and learning a little more of each other. Some Hoo-Hoo kittens might be brought to light in this country with gain in this particular. me er ex Those who are interested in the British Columbia lumber trade complain that so far they have been unable to enlist the influence of the Provincial Government in the way of inducing the Dominion authorities so to modify the regulations relating to towage and pilotage as to relieve them of the disabilities under which they labor when competing with the lumber mills of the Sound for the California and foreign trade. They claim—and very properly—that British Columbia lumber is superior to the article against whith it has to compete, and in consequence is more highly esteemed, but the disability referred to is a most serious one, and ought to be re- moved. Ble. © 36" As indicating some of the changes of recent tariff leg- islation, Graham, Horne & Co., of Fort William, say : “ Our trade heretofore has been wholly in Manitoba and the west. Free lumber brought Duluth and Minneapolis mills in direct competition with Canadian mills supplying that trade. The Americans have cut into the trade to some extent and probably will to some extent keep on sending lumber into Manitoba, so we look for no improve- ment asa result of free lumber west. On the other hand, our mill being on Lake Superior, with facility for shipping by water to the east, we think we can market a poition of our cut in the U.S. Having this in view, we have increased our log output this winter.” ogi eK The little value that is often placed on an article of great value has found frequent illustration in all lines of commerce. We see cases in point every day in the A news item tells the story that the acord. This timber would readily bring $20. a 1000 in _thelog. But the farmers there are not much less short sighted than those in many parts of Canada, who persist in cutting hardwoods for firing, that if allowed to remain _ in the standing tree, would in a few years prove a little gold mine tothem. And it is only a matter of degree n inthe manner in which the forest products are hed and cut for the lumber market. These are the days when, in Canada, not less than in other places, the ~ TORONTO, ONT., FEBRUARY, 1895 J Terms, $1.00 PER YEAR \, Single Copies, 10 Cents. com-_ little things count, and trees, that a few years ago lum- bermen despised, are worth dollars. ei FEM, Ci SS A despatch from Michigan says that Howry & Sons are about sending another gang of men from that State to Canada to push operations in the woods there. This firm now have a large interest in Canadian timber, and they are showing lots of push, both in the woods and other departments of lumbering. They have six camps at work and expect to supply 40,000,000 feet for their new mill at Fenelon Falls. At Little Current they have three camps going, and will get out about 11,000,000 feet, which will be rafted to Michigan to feed the firm’s mills there. The output of the mills of this concern at Michigan during the past two seasons is shown in about 50,000,000 feet of lumber, the logs coming from Canada. The Howrys’ are old residents of Saginaw. HARDWOOD DIMENSIONS. |e the LUMBERMAN of January we published an article from Hardwood on “Hardwood Dimensions”. To some of the statements there made Mr. H.R. A. Baugh- man replies as follows in the Wood Worker :. Thereare a few points on-which I differ with Mr. Crosby. One point is, where he advised the cutting of the three-inch culls from heart of logs, into wood. My advice would be to leave the logs in the tree in the wood, as they are of more value to the man that buys the land for the farm, than they are in the three-inch plank wood, or any where else. I have known of firms who paid from five to nine dollars per thousand feet to get their logs to the mill, when fully one-half the logs would make nothing but culls, and as there are always more or less culls from best logs it will readily be seen there is a heavy loss on the whole. Added to this must be the cost of cutting into lumber, piling, sorting, rehandling of culls and cuts, and loading on cars. Another disadvantage that the northern mill man labors under (the north being the section of country that Mr. Crosby speaks of in particular), is that often their plant is too large and expensive for the amount of hard- wood they cut ; for after they have been running on pine a few years ago, many northern mill men said and be- lieved that there would be more money in cutting off their hardwood than there was in pine. They did not realize that prices quoted for common and better meant that the grade should be in hardwood ; a grade equal to a B select or better in pine, and for grade under this a price of not more than five or six dollars, and for a large per cent. of culls no sale at all. Most of them went into the hardwood business in the same way that they had been handling pine. They cut everything they could hold on the carriage, without regard to quality. Of course the sawyer must cut as much ashe did in pine, which means thick and thin lumber. Then they barked large quantities of timbers and left them for worms to work on before they were cut into lumber. This would not be quite so bad in some of the states farther south, where more hardwood is used. Building culls are selling from ten to twenty dollars per thousand feet, and best grades at forty to fifty dol- lars (these prices at retail), with demand for all lumber cut, of all grades. 1 have known farmers in these states to realize from one to two dollars per too feet this sum- mer, for logs four to ten miles from the mills, and still the mill men seemed to be doing well, for the reason that they had good sale for this poor grade of lumber. No doubt but the hardwood of the north will within a few years become so valuable as to make the cutting of common and cull logs profitable. It has been but some fifteen years since the writer saw many thousand feet of good pine culls go to the “hell holes” simply because the mill man refused to take them for saw bill and there was no sale for them. Since then the writer has sold many thousand feet of this same grade in Minnesota for eleven dollars per thousand, and in Wisconsin from five to eight dollars per thousand feet. There is no doubt but hardwood will become as valu- able as pine gives out, and the carpenter and builder gets over the prejudice of using it on account of its being harder to work. Already hardwood is being more ex- tensively used in the central and western states than pine. Being stronger, more durable, taking a better polish, and having a fancier figure for finish work, it will come rapidly to the front. As the pine becomes scarcer, and the use of hardwood increases, prices for better grades will go up and there will be a correspondingly higher price for the lower grades, and in time it will pay to cut the common logs in hardwood as it has to cut the white pine. Until that time comes I would advise in the first place to let all small timber stand, and cut only the largér logs, those that have a large percentage of common and better in them, in place of paying the railway company for hauling many thousand feet that will not pay freight bill. Put smaller mills near timber and cut only logs that will yield a profit, and pay railroads for hauling only lumber sold. It does not pay to put in logs to make only small dimension, for there is a waste of at least fifty per cent. in cutting and grading, and manufacturers will not pay a price for short dimension that will pay to handle it, so long as they can buy common and better at the low price that it can be bought to-day. RECKLESS USE OF STEAM. Gece tew people who pay for producing steam are as reckless in its use as owners of wood-working plants. Because the fuel used is generally mill refuse, they think economy in the use of steam a trifling matter. The enormous loss by radiation from long, unprotected steam pipes is seldom considered. This is a mistake. To drive saws and planers takes a great deal of power, which means plenty of good steam. If the engine lags when the saw is in the log or the big planer is thrown on, because of insufficient steam, there is a direct loss. The boiler may make enough steam to keep the mill o1 factory humming, but if much of the force of that steam is lost before it enters the cylinder of the engine, because of unprotected steam pipes poorly arranged, the owner of the concern loses good dollars every day he allows sich conditions to exist. Of course, ample engine and boiler capacity 1s necessary, but its effect may be to a great extent lost through carelessness in various ways. The circular saw is a tool that needs watching all the time. An exchange tells that a workman was carrying a saw under his arm, when he fell. The points of the saw penetrated two of the main arteries of his arm and the man bled to death. A great deal has been published in engineering journals about scale in boilers, and yet very little has been said about the accumulation of it, in feed and blow- off pipes. There are men who maintain that scale can not accumulate in pipes in which the water is circulat- ing constantly, or nearly so, as in the case of feed pipes and external or internal circulating pipes; but cases cited will show how fallacious such opinions are. As a matter of fact these pipes often fill up in a remarkable way, the deposit choking them to such an extent that it becomes a source of positive danger. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TALKS WITH WOOD-WORKERS. RADITIONS, however dear and venerable, must “go” when they colide with disproving facts and actual experience, says the Lumber World. Their gray whiskers will not save them, for science and investigation have respect only for that which is true, just, exact and reasonable. . Woodworkers and users of wood in general have many traditions, some reasonable, but most of them absurd. Last month a planing mill operative insisted on my believing him when he asserted that “it makes all the difference in the world, in planing wood, either by power or by hand, whether that wood is dried slowly or quick- ly, by heat or in the open air.” When asked to prove his assertion, he confessed that he had no proof at all. He was working on tradition. He could not tell, when blindfolded, which he was planing with a hand-plane, wood heat-dried or wood air-dried. His tradition was shaky. Another workman insists that wood planes easier and more smoothly when worked from the butt end towards the top. I asked him to make a trial of it with the com- mon plane. I blindfolded him and placed a piece of pine on the bench. When placed into position with the plane in his hand, he made the regular cuts with the tool. To his surprise, he found out that he was cutting more easily and leaving a smoother surface when cutting from top to butt than when cutting from butt to top. He really could not tell which way he was cutting, from the “feel” as the plane moved. His tradition was at fault. He had held it for forty years without ever taking the trouble either to prove or disprove it. A certain “professor” in a recent lecture made this assertion: ‘All farmers know posts set top-end down last longer than those set butt-end down.” of course while many believe that theory, not a single farmer knows it to be untrue. A farmer gives some interesting testimony in connection with this tradition. He writes: ““T helped to build about 50 rods of fence with chestnut posts and white pine and hemlock boards. We picked out three of as good posts as we could find, marked them with three hacks and set them about the middle of the fence top end in the ground. Twenty years and six months after the fence was built, I helped build it over, and found that the marked posts, which were set top-end down, were rotted off at the top of the ground the same as the others set butt-end down. It is said that one trial is not sufficient to determine a fact, but this one trial satisfied me. The pine boards were mostly sound enough to use again, but the hemlock were too dozy. The butt-ends of posts are usually put down because being larger, they are not so likely to be heaved out by the frost, and being larger, and stronger where strength ‘is required.” That is strong evidence against that tradi- tion. That same “professor” lecturing on “ Preservation of Wood from Decay,” mentioned as a “fact” another mere tradition about “water-seasoning” making timber more lasting, saying that he “had seen an old wagon on his father’s farm the hubs of which (of the wagon, not of the farm !) where ‘water seasoned elm,’ that lasted 50 years.” That would be a beautiful proof of the “ water seasoned” tradition, but for one element in the case. Had those hubs been left the fifty years without the penetrating and preserving applications of grease and tar usual to wagon hubs, they would have been rotted in less than a quarter of fifty years. Every old observer knows old wagons, whose hubs are warranted not to be “ water seasoned,” that have been in use fifty years, all on account of the preservative tar and grease. The tradition is good as far as it goes, but it does not go as far through the hubs as the pores, grease and tar goes. This same “professor” goes on tosay: ‘“Dry-rot is caused by a fungus which begins on the surface and pushes the threads of its spawn into the pores, and in time they ramify through the mass.” Has not the “pro- fessor” got the cart before the horse, the effect confused with the cause? Does the fungus cause dry-rot, or does the dry-rot cause the fungus to grow? If dry-rot begins on the surface, why 1s it dry-rotted wood is generally sound, to all appearance, on the surface, and spongy and weak inside? Recently I saw-some wooden joists taken out ofa building. When in position they “had - been almost completely free from contact with the air. ar They look bright and sound on the surface, but a man of ordinary strength could break one of them with his hands. Is “ Professor” William H. Brewer very sure that his assertion concerning dry-rot and fungus is scien- tific? Why donot small timbers dry-rot? Why is it generally only large timbers, imperfectly dry in the cen- ter, that dry-rot? Why does not the dry-rot destroy the surface as well asthe interior of the timbers? Why should this discriminating fungus attack only large tim- bers, and attack them only in the interior? Is not this tradition quite as shaky and fungus-infested as any one of the foregoing. Workers in wood have heard the traditions connected with wood in countless ways, but they have only to test themto find them utterlyndiculous. Onegeneral tradition is that persons who use toothpicks from a white pine tree splintered by lightning, will never thereafter have the toothache. The stipulation in this tradition is that the splinters are to be used within three days after the light- ning has converted the tree into toothpicks, and that they are not to be touched by any metal tool. I have known many cases of trial of this tradition, and in no case did it ever give the believer any immunity from toothache or any ailment. It is a tradition pure and proper. One of the really singular traditions connected with wood is the tradition that wood fired by lightning will continue to burn in spite of all the water that may be poured upon the blaze. This tradition seems to extend over the world. According to its terms, the blaze started by lightning can be extinguished only by the use of milk or vinegar. Some of the traditionists, who claim to have tried it, assert that only sweet milk will put out a blaze started by lightning, while others claim it is buttermilk alone that can put it out. In countries where neither sweet nor sour milk is handy, this elastic tradition per- mits vinegar to do the work. Who does not know at least one farmer who has saved his house, when fired by lightning, by toting up from the cellars the well-filled milk-pans and pouring their lactic contents on the light- ning-bred blaze.? Even lumbermen, most of whom have seen this tradition refuted in the woods, where the lightning- started flames are promptly and invariably quenched by the rain, will let themselves cling to this tradition. They may see water put out a hundred such fires ina year, and yet seme of them will go on believing and asserting that “fire started by lightning can not be put out by water.” The believers in this tradition generally have heads harder than lignum-vitae and denser than lead, They are believers in spite of all visible, audible and tangible proofs of the falsity of their fad. Great is tradi- tion. Particularly great is tradition relating to wood. NEW USES FOR BABBITT METAL. | SHALL attempt in this article, says a writer in the Tradesman, to give some of the numerous uses to which babbitt metal can be applied around the mill and workshop outside of its accustomed place in journal boxes. The writer of this was employed to fire a saw mill, and when I went and took charge of the machinery I noticed that the shaft of the rival pump that fed the boilers with water was sprung, caused by the plunger unscrewing from above, consequently lengthening it till it struck the bottom in running ; the result was that when we started up the wabble of the eccentric soon broke that rod in two. As it was thirty miles to a ma- chine shop we were in adilemma. I took the broken parts and shaft out and took them to the proprietor and told him I would take them to the blacksmith and per- haps he could fix it. I told him also that if they could not, I thought I could make one out of babbitt metal. I took them to the shop and had the shaft straightened, but when they commenced work on the eccentric rod they broke it and it could not be repaired there. I then took the pieces with me and took a key hole saw and made my moulds out of wood. I then cast the broken parts out of the babbitt metal and got back to the mill in time to put it together and be ready for sawing the next day. I ran that mill two years and that babbitt machinery was just as good when | quit as when I first put it up. I do not advise the use of babbitt metal in every case, nor where a person is close to a machine shop, but in FEBRUARY, 1895 — cases like the above, where it would take a week or longer to get the repairs from the shop. If you have a shaft to put up and nave no cast bear- | ings for it you can make them out of babbitt metal. I put up a two and one-quarter inch shaft and made the whole bearings out of babbitt metal, and it has been running six years and the bearings are apparently as good as when first made. I first made my bents and put them in place, having the top of the bents about one inch lower than the bottom of the shaft, when it was in place. I then put my shaft in place and got a cap block and cut a square notch in it about two inches larger than the diameter of the shaft. I placed this notch down over the shaft, the cap block resting on the bent with the shaft in the center of the notch. I then pinned the cap block solid to the bent. I then bored a hole down through the cap block to the notch to put a pin down against the shaft in order to have an oil hole when the box. was run. We now fix the shaft in the center of the notch resting on outside supports. good clay and paste board to fix the ends of the notch ready to run, leaving a place at the top to pour the metal. If you have been careful, you will get a evae boxing. If vour shafting is not perfectly round it is best to tie one thickness of paper around the shaft and run the metal around that, turning the shaft a few rounds Le hand, when the babbitt gets nearly cold. SETTING PLANER KNIVES. WRITER in Lumber tells of the following plan for setting planer knives, which he says he has used for a long time and found to be excellent :— Simplicity in construction is the highest point in any- thing that has anything to do with the construction or handling of machinery. Planing knives have for a long time been eyesores to many operators of planing ma- chines. While we all know the good there is in making every knife cut alike, there are almost as many different ways of setting them as there are persons running ma- chines. I never use this gauge on more than one wing, and the other knife or knives I set by the first one by holding the end ofa stick up to the knife and, after throwing both belts off, turning the head by.hand until both knives cut exactly alike. You don’t want to screw your last knife down solid till you know that both knives do cut alike, for the bolt may draw the knife a little, or the knife may be sprung a trifle, so that, when the bolt draws the knife down, it will alter it a little. Draw down the knife a little and try it, and when it comes just right draw it down tight. For setting out the first knife I use the simple tool shown in sketch, made of a piece of three-sixteenths by one and one-fourth steel plate. I am always particular to use the same wing every time. I challenge the wood-working fraternity for any tool more simple or more easily made than this one. The beauty of it is, there are no bolts or screws in it to get loose or break. I don’t pretend to say, nor can any man say, positively, that every knife, however set, will cut — alike, be there two or more. If they are set this way, however, they will cut so nearly alike that after once or twice sharpening and taking care to see which knife cuts, the operator can get them to cut very evenly. I | never use but two knives on a four wing head for any — kind of pine work. For oak it is well enough to add two more. : We now get some FEBRUARY, 1895 CEs GUMSF-C yO. Bar LUMBERMAN 5 VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS. The little town of Shelburne Falls, in Shoe Pegs. Western Massachusetts, enjoys the E peculiar distinction of having the pro- 7 ducts of its peg factory taken exclusively by parties in Germany as supplying a need which that country, for natural reasons, cannot furnish, there being no timber in Germany that equals the American white birch in the > manufacture of pegs. The process of manufacture is ec simple. A four-foot stick is shaved of its bark and ___ sawed into blocks the required length of the peg ; the J knots and dead wood are cut out with a pressure auger, and then the thin wheel of wood is ready for the cutting and splitting machines. One operator thrusts two or more blocks into the jaws of the cutter and splitter at a time, and the manufactured article comes out on the other side to be brushed right and left, according to quality, into barrels. The pegs are thoroughly dried in heated cylinders and bleached white and firm. It is no uncommon thing to secure thirty bushels of fine pegs from a cord of white birch, and sometimes a much larger ’ quantity. © Among the ruins of the wall which formerly surrounded the Abbey of Beaulieu, stood an oak, contiguous to a part of the wall, and extended one of its principal limbs in close contact along the summit of it. This limb, at _. the distance of about three yards from the parent tree, formed a second stem upon the wall by shooting a root into some fissure, in which it probably found a deposit of soil. This root, running along the bottom of the wall, and finding some crannies in it, rose twice again through it, and formed a third and a fourth considerable stem, each at a distance of about three yards from its neighbor. The fourth of these stems shot a branch again along the summit of the wall, and in close contact with it, forming a fifth stem in the same manner that the parent tree has formed the second. This last stem was again making an effort on the wall to extend its curious mode of vege- tation still farther. Ina great storm which happened in February, 1781, a part of the wall was blown down, and those two stems with it which were nearest the parent tree. Each of these stems was about four or five feet in diameter, and the timber of them was sold for 30s, _ which shows their bulk was not trifling. A Curious Oak Tree. A circular saw with diamond teeth is used for cutting up stone in the quarries of Euville, Meuse, France. These saws consist of circular disks of steel 0.27 inch thick and about seven feet 3 inches in diameter. Rec- tangular notches are cut in the edge of this disk at intervals of about 1% inches, into which are fitted blocks of steel carrying the diamonds, these being the inexpen- sive Brazilian variety used for diamond drills. The blocks are secured to the body of the saw by screws with countersunk heads, while diamonds are fitted in these heads by heating the latter toa bright red heat and forcing them in by pressure. The diamonds are mounted in groups of eight, those on the first and eighth blocks being in the periphery of the disk, the second and sixth at the edges, the fourth and fifth at the sides, and the _ third and seventh in intermediate positions; and the instrument is said to be capable of cutting through _— blocks 3 feet thick, 20-horse power being required to run __ it. No statement is made as to the kind of stone cut by ‘ the apparatus, but it is recorded as having made a cut of 3% square feet in one minute. During the first _ twenty eight months it was at work it sawed over 420,- 000 square feet of stone, counting one face only, ata total cost of less than 2 cents a square foot, nineteen of _ the diamond carrier blocks being replaced at an average cost of $2 each. Circular Saw with om Teeth. The gathering of this timber store has “Uses of Teakwood. been an industry ever since man of ! any color inhabited the country, says he Century Magazine. Teak grows only in India and destructible place for many generations. From the lor of sandal wood it changes with age to walnut of the wood, sided with it, shingled with it, latticed with it, defy heat and rain, and grow rich upon their poverty of oil and varnish. They stand, as brown as autumn, out of green compounds against summer itself. Vines wrap them, flowers garnish them, years add moss and lichen, but nothing destroys save flame. Railroad car wheels, spikes for laying track, pegs for bolts, imple- ments of all sorts, are made of teak. No one save a shipwright knows just how many parts ofa ship are built from this muscle of nature, but every one who has walked the deck of bark or steamer has a consciousness that no amount of holystoning or dragging of cargo Over, or wear and tear of feet and traffic, .can in an ordi- nary sense affect’ a teakwood floor. The . Burmese wood-carver knows his art is almost hewn in stone when he coaxes leaf and flower, sacred cow and festival cart, grotesque sprites and elves, gods and Buddhas, out of rugged trunks. The little prow of the sampan, shaped like a wishbone, the stern of the paddy boat, as brown with age as the maked figure upon it is with the elements the strange plinths of stranger pillars, the embellish- ments of the temples, the playthings of the children—all these are carved from teak. THE CARE OF CIRCULAR SAWS. Te locate and take out fast places in a round saw is one of the first and very important things to do. In fact, if the saw is very uneven in tension it will be found very difficult and sometimes impossible to level it up properly without first regulating the tension to a great extent. A case in which this principle needs to be ap- plied is where a saw has been cracked down a piece from the rim by being caught in the timber, and the plate at one side of the crack has been bent out of line, TREATMENT OF A CRACKED CIRCULAR SAw. as indicated in the cut from A to B. I have found invariably that the saw would need to be opened be- tween the lines Cand D. The steel was stretched at A and B when the saw was broken, and hammering it back would stretch it still more. I have always found that when the “fast” was all taken out of the plate, or a little more between the line C and the center, that there would be no trouble in straightening the rim. The method that many employ to find the fast places is not always sure. The plan most commonly used is to lift up on the rim and bear down with the straight-edge. But this method will not detect many places that can be found by another way, used by only a few of our best sawmakers. By using a bolt with a head for the op- posite side of the saw to catch under, and bearing down on the rim, every fast place will seem to give way from the straight-edge. This process will bring to light many fast places that can not otherwise be found. By getting a nice, uniform tension to commence with, before the saw is made as open as is required for fast motion, the saw will be in much better condition when finished, be- cause, if not done then it will have the same unevenness when opened up, and it will be much more difficult to regulate the strain then. Before the saw is put on the mandrel the collars should be carefully examined, because they are very liable to wear out of shape. The first thing is to see that there is agood bearing on the extreme outer edge, and just the least bit concave. The loose collar should be a trifle the more so, for when the nut is screwed up it will spring it alittle. One cause of the saw’s appearing to be sprung when on the mandrel is from raised places - around the lug pins, caused by the pressure on them when the saw isin the cut. Of course, that must be removed.—A. Blackmer, in the Wood Worker. PRACTICAL NOTES. heels helps the introduction of a new machine or device among practical mechanics more than simplicity of design and the absence of numerous joints and pieces, which tend to shorten the life of the machine as well as impair its efficiency. Joints are good things to avoid where possible, as the inevitable wear is followed by lost motion, which effects the accuracy of the machine. It is a bad practice to put an over-loaded belt down out of sight, especially where there is any inflammable material. The slipping of a belt on its pulley from over- load is a good beat producer, especially if the belt hooks happen to stop in contact with the pulley. The writer saw a case of this kind several years ago, and the streams of sparks that came from that pulley rim would have done credit to a Chinese pin-wheel. Such occurrences are dangerous, and precaution should be taken to render them impossible.—Machinery. A very bad habit in mills where'there are large driving belts, is shifting belts with a square stick, no regular shifters being used. The result of this is the belts are more or less injured on the edges. All heavy machines should have shifters to act so that they shift the belt over steadily, not putting too much strain on the driving belt too suddenly. Two pieces of gas pipe just large enough to revolve on round iron supports, for shifters, will lessen the friction on the edges of heavy belts as these pipes revolve while the belt is being shifted. It effects a great saving in long driving belts ; in fact, any belt at all, leather or rubber. The transmission of power by ropes has been iargely resorted to in England, the preference being given to what is known as the Lambeth cotton rope, which is made of four strands, the center or core of each strand being bunched and slightly twisted, the outside of the strand having a covering of yarns that are firmly twisted. The four strands are further laid with a core in the center to form a rope and twisted in the same way as any four- stranded rope. In this way a ropé is formed possessing extreme flexibility, and the fibers will not break by bend- ing on each other when run on pulleys, the rope also standing elongation or stretching some 12 inches in a length of 50 inches before breaking. Rope transmission is an excellent thing in its way and is applicable under a great variety of conditions and in some cases it will give better results than belts. Where ropes are used the pulleys must be of the proper kind, and set in a manner to conform to the 1equirements, or the systein will give considerable trouble. In one case the action of the ropes, where the distance was only nine feet between the centers of the shafts, was such as to condemn the use of ropes for any kind of transmission in that plant, because the superintendent and his men thought they should work in any way required of them. In this case the distance was too short for the ropes to get a good bearing on the pulleys, one of which was only 12 inches and the other 52 inches. The pulleys, also, were 2% inches out of line. It was no wonder that the ropes slipped, unless drawn so tight that the bearings heated, and that the strands would fray and break after being in use a very short time. Where endless ropes are employed it is often noticed that one or more ropes are running slack ; this will take place in every case where the pul- leys have too many grooves and all are used. More than eight ropes on a single pulley generally cause one or more of the strands to run loose. A speed of more than 5,000 feet per minute will cause the ropes to tend — to adhere less closely to the pulley, on account of the centrifugal action, and will not drive as much with the same tension. At speeds lower than 5,000 feet per minute the ropes will give good results if the machinery is properly arranged.—Stationary Engineer. A despatch from Winnipeg states that two Chicago capital- ists are endeavoring to purchase the entire lumber cut of Rat Portage district mills for this year. The pine forests of Min- nesota are rapidly being depleted, consequently the United States lumbermen are looking to the Northwestern Ontario woods for their supply. 5 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FEBRUARY, 1895 PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH gy: Cc. HH. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION : One Copy One Year, inadvance:. 0.50003 060..ccccccseeecvenses $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance .............:.0.00ccesesecs 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN is published in the interssts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Domin: ~, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of ine cvusmerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all sujects touching these interests, discussing thes> topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr: * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanaDA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. BIRCH TO THE FRONT. VARIOUS circumstances go to show that birch is rapidly forging to the front as a wood that will be in strong demand in the future. The opinion of a Cana- dian lumberman was quoted in our weekly issue of a fortnight ago, that the time was near by when birch would hold a more firm position on the market than is the case with lines of hardwood that to-day are looked upon as being first in the list. As a cabinet -vood birch is certainly coming into increased demand. Furniture manufacturers find that it fits in for their work in many desirable ways. To quite a large extent it 1s taking the place of cherry, and is susceptible of a degree of polish that enables it to fill a popular place where the price bars out cherry. One hardwood dealer, whose experience covers a knowledge of all classes of domestic hard- woods, has said that birch, with its susceptibility to a hard, highly polished and beautiful finish, even excells mahogany and is vastly better than oak, walnut, poplar, and, of course, the softer woods. Messrs. McRae & Co., of Ottawa, have found it to be better than any other wood for their special use in “ mahoganizing,” “ebonizing,” etc., by their patent process. A good-sized straw, that may be taken as showing which way the wind blows, is found in the statement made by Hardwood, of Chicago, that immense quanti- ties of birch in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia are likely to pass into the control of Boston capitalists. These men are evidently taking along view, and see that there is a good future ahead for this wood. An im- portant question is, to what extent birch is to be found in any considerable quantities in Canada, An answer is suggested in the action of the Boston capitalists, here re- ported. This wood is found also in generous supply in the eastern sections of Ontario, and Quebec. An examination of the hardwoods that still exist throughout many of the counties of Ontario show that birch is there in, perhaps, as large quantities as any other class of timber. The mistake ought not to be made, however, of sacrificing this wood as though the supply was abso- lutely endless. vival this year. _claim to possessing the cake. that State for 1894 will not run far from 12,500 cars, or - LUMBER A TRADE BAROMETER. GoopD reason exists for the hope of business men that the lumber industry will show an encouraging re- To what extent other lines of business rest upon the lumber industry can be, to some extent, understood, when it is known that according to the cen- sus of 1891 there are 34 industries or occupations which depend entirely or in part upon wood or timber as their raw material for manufacture or commerce. The total number of these is 17,577, all told employing 95,741 hands, the manufactured articles from which represent within a fraction of a hundred millions of dollars. The census figures are $95,029,828. Chief among these in- dustries, according to the census report, the number of employees, and value of output, are :— VALUE TIMBER INDUSTRIES. Factories. Hanps. PRODUCTS. Agricultural implements........ 234 3,656 $ 4,406,397 Cabinet aud furniture make’ 1,169 6,957 4,471,742 Carpenters and joiners. . 2,494 5,702 3,893,910 Carriage-makers. 3,143 8,703 6,579,082 Cooperages...... 1,430 3)277 1,808,929 Sawmills...... ....... 5,390 42,085 38,569,652 Sash and blind factories 356 2,878 4,872,362 Shipyards....... oe 227 4,454 3,557,258 Shingle factories.......... of 801 2,389 776,998 Planing saptllsess cs /stes ae vince, . ti F i _ FEBRUARY, 1895, _ dull in the markets of the United Kingdom, but under- _ sized firsts and all dimensions in other grades have been in good request throughout the season. Supply. Export. Stock of ee 647,408..... 479,700...... 63,624 = PER es mrss YS oe F28, 300... 6.0% 145,916 SPRUCE DEALS.—Opened in the spring of 1894, rather heavily, but improved as the season-advanced. Take all through, the business is considered a very fair one. The stock wintering over is a light one. The production of logs this coming winter, it is said, will be on a moderate scale. Supply. Export. Stock. 1894. - 3:447,856..... 3,462,800..... 5793774 (SS ae 4,005,160..... 3,540,000..... 844,718 SAWN LUMBER.—South American Lumber.—The _ market this season has been fairly active, both direct _ from the Province of Quebec, and via Portland, Boston and other North American ports. From the ports of _ Maritime Provinces the spruce trade to the Argentine __ Republic has been unusually active, and from Montreal heavy shipments of pine to same destination were made near close of season. Prices ranged—Spruce $11 to ___ $13.50 per 1000 feet B. M., according to specification. —Pine $17.55 per 1000 feet B. M. for common, to $50 for clear pine. Owing to the depression in the United States, the lumber market there has not been as good as expected ; still all good lots of spruce suitable for that market have realized about the same price as in 1893, and manufac- turers expect an increase of at least $1.00 per M. for the 1895 cut. - .FREIGHTS.—Opened at about 16s. Clyde and 18s. Liverpool, for sail from Quebec, and at 4os. for deals by steam from Montreal. Timber rates remained without any change till ad- vanced insurance towards end of season prevented tim- ber shipments except by steam, for which the rates ruled from 62s. to 7os. per Petersburg Standard intake, ac- cording to port of discharge. Steam freights fron Montreal were greatly depressed during the greater part of the season, and for some time rates previously unheard of, such as 3os. for Glasgow, Avonmouth and Liverpool, with 35s. for London, were current, closing at some advance, especially for Liverpool. COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF SAILING VESSELS CLEARED AT THE PORT OF QUEBEC, FOR SEA, (LUMBER-LADEN,) 1879 TO 1894, FROM THE OPENING TO THE CLOSE OF NAVIGATION. ; CompiLep sy Mr. F. Jonnston, QuEBEC EXCHANGE. ID {OU satus sees 433 Vessels Wei ais 364,628 Tons. hoe, Oar Pye TO I eee 5559451 POOLS soe ys 1+ oo: CON ar BO 0sO Libs Fete ate bk ye eae 359,025 ‘ 1883. Oo GSS 416,169 ‘ te RRR haf tis)0 5 291,398 ‘‘ PS ek Conte 50 2 eee 294,789 ‘ FSCO sci... 225) 250,635 «“ TAS Terie 271 2s meat ZOOiL 72." *S Oo eee ee 223, Sh 195,928 << ERs sc vis a1 jis a oe 240,892 ‘ (00 ee eae a5¢; eee 238,162 MOUNT vai cbe wiscae Zetia aa 182,615 —. < EOS ioxas.- < « Lit = ee ee 225,008 ‘‘ op a are Li? ae 146,970 ‘‘ 1894. (Mise Te TIy.690-<) ARE Rede 15'S ee 2,151 Std. H...| $ 93,000 Pleas, Boards, &c..| 2,105 ‘‘ 50,000 Bei viares a 8, ie $ 143,000 MARITIME PROVINCES. The data found below, touching the lumber trade of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia for the year 1894, has been obtained from the annual wood trade circular of Mr. J. B. Snowball, of Chatham, N. B., a guarantee of its completeness and reliable 'character. The year’s business opened under the conditions ex- isting for some time previously, and which were by no means encouraging, because of the continued general depression of trade in Great Britain and on the contin- ent. The advance of prices which usually accompanies the fall increase of insurance rates, was not realized on ~ account of the heavy failures in the trade in England, which caused several cargoes to be forced on the market and sold at prices even below current values. The winter of 1893-4 was the most severe on record for forest operations in New Brunswick. The result was a comparatively small output of logs, at a maximum cost of production. The present winter has, so far, been favorable for log getting, and although a smaller output than that of last season was anticipated when operations were begun in the woods, the output depends largely on the continuance of favorable weather. The present stock of merchantable deals and logs on hand, on the Miramichi, only 4,200 standards, is the smallest ever held, and less than a third of an average stock. If there is any revival of River Plate and United States business, it will leave the stock to be placed in the European markets in a very moderate compass. Two cargoes were shipped from Chatham to Rio Janeiro the past season, and several enquiries are now in the market for cargoes for next season’s shipment. A few cargoes of spruce deals, chiefly 9 x 3 and 11 x 3, were lately shipped from St. John to United States ports, and produced a much hetter result than trans- Atlantic shipments. This was brought about by the re- cent abolition of the United States import duty on lum- ber. : Twelve cargves were shipped from this port to France during the past season—all by Marseilles—in the face of the disadvantage the trade was under as regards the import duty ; but now that Canada is about to enjoy the favored nation clause under the recently ratified treaty, a large revival of our exports to that ccuntry is looked for. In the exports from New Brunswick, there is an in- crease this year over last of nearly fourteen millions sup. feet.—Miramichi, Dalhousie and Monction show in- creases ; St. John, Bathurst, Richibucto and Shediac show a marked decrease, while Sackville and outports remain stationary. In Nova Scotia, the export has decreased about three millions sup. feet. St. Mary’s River and Liscomb have more than doubled their exports, while every other port in the Province shows a decrease. Of the export from Halifax three and a half millions sup. feet was hardwood. The stock of merchantable deals wintering here is 3,600 St. Petersburg standards, against 7,600 standards last year and 7,000 standards in 1892. The stock of logs is only 600 standards, against 4,000 standards last year. SHIPMENTS: FROM MIRAMICHI FOR 12 YEARS, FROM 1883 TO 1894, INCLUSIVE. Sup. Feet. Sup. Feet. Sup. Feet. 1883—149 millions. 1887— 68 millions. 1891—72 millions. 1884—108 - 1888— 73 = 1892—95 1885— 87 ee 1889—110 S 1893—83 Fé 1886—- 72 os 1890— 88 oe 1894—96 se SHIPPERS FROM PorT OF MIRAMICHI, SEASON OF 1894. Sup. ft. Deals, No. . Scantling Ends Palings Shippers. Vessels. Tons. and Boards. Pes. JeeB SNOW Balla on: colerte 40 28,059 24,506,837 2,323,331 Way Mi Micka icra 28 28,250 27,447,707 42,040 D. & J. Ritchie & Co... 19 11,424 11,088,762 72,600 Ernest Hutchison ...... II 9,836 9,318,892 10,000 [RON 37 ICR eaem oe oa duc 13 9,501 8,730,980 Geo. Burchill & Sons. 6 5,114 7,389,000 {2,000 Wm. Richards......... 7 5:923 5,993,193 13,775 W.. AS, Hicksonisah oact I 1,260 1,124,168 Clarke, Skilling & Co... 3 2,584 55556 Jas: Attonee skier Part. Totals ...... -128 I01,951 95,605,185 2,473,746 D. & J. Ritchie & Co., pine timber, 9 tons; birch timber, 7 tons. Clarke, Skilling & Co., spool wood, 1,539,733 pieces. Jas. Aiton, spool wood, 405,152 pieces. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 1 DISTRIBUTION OF MIRAMICHI SHIPMENTS. Sup. ft. Deals, o. Scantling Ends, Palings Country. Vessels. Tons. and Boards. Pes. Great Britain....... -- 65 56,985 53,549,292 2,339,531 ‘(ice UCC eA Sea a - 44 32,890 31,090,061 134,215 HOPANES: crete Aisi -ie > ate - IZ 7,313 6,712,589 SHORT TIA Note Cee Saree 4 2,247 2,079,210 AUStTAlA. <2 se Pilly Tig T,350M el Laan age IME ZU = Aan 2 1,157 1,048,677 6 128 101,951 95,605,185 2,473,746 Great Britain, spool wood, 1,994,885 pieces ; pine timber, 9 tons ; birch timber 7 tons. ST. JOHN, N. B., SHIPMENTS OF DEaLs, &C., TO TRANS- ATLANTIC Ports, 1894. No. of Sup. ft. deals, | Tons Shippers. Ships. Tons reg. &ce. Timber. Alexander Gibson.......... 59 81,636 80,130,668 1,192 WW. MiegMcKay .. 2.0. cn es 64 64,606 52,597,468 3,823 George McKean... ....-2-. 22 22,150 18,661,127 SO, ts NG See eee seen 5 35397 2,083,813 MIGEANS ink ase tess 150 171,789 153,473,076 5,015 DISTRIBUTION BY PORTS OF ST. JOHN SHIPMENTS, 1894. No. of Sup ft. Deals, | Tons Countries and Perts. Ships. Tons reg. &ce.. Timber. AUSTIN. Nt ees 2 2,618 2,322,781 BARROW EN = oocicrtrse sce a 2 3,832 4,400,949 Breetwood. 2.555. 22.5. 8 10,522 10,317,153 1) 216) hae Oe en 3 2,374 2,135.572 (GES nets ye Otten aes Sho 2 2,502 2,780,688 Wrelatics <, tvownctsecas tek cx 41 33,009 32,178,659 4 TBAGe RIO OL Stee eyece seen 30 44,176 41,382,305 4,607 London. 2.50. 2004.5 Jia, SLI LG. ZOO 1,742,075 INewiporty. ma Yecatinis. 3 2,826 2,728,461 Penarth Roads, for orders If 14,540 14,454,608 Rumcorth pee cae ee I 1,145 1,130,281 Scotlantdiatececciccteccas.: 4 5,156 5,680,732 UANPNESS = sith sare sere 3 3,975 4,205,855 Wallies tues Ske Banat 24 25,149 23,751,823 314 Otheripertss. G..06 2.2. 5 4,665 4,261,044 Totals) 2.230. a. 150 171,789 153,473,076 5,015 SHIPMENTS FROM Sti. JOHN TO TRANS-ATLANTIC PORTS FOR THE PAST 17 YEARS. Total Timber (tons) Sup. ft. deals, &c. Birch. Pine. MOT Or sepeetees ee 188,168,610 7,989 2,493 ES 70ers 153,279,357 11,548 3,237 TSS OMe se ose a = 215,485,000 16,035 2,441 jiksha}l beetea RENCE Abe 210,281,730 5,134 1,734 WGS2 ayes eer as 201,413,717 7,576 3.432 litchols earl geet eee Sek 181,517,932 11,778 3,883 ROSA ae eae 164,829,825 14,006 3,836 TOSS uN ita os 152,543,026 13,769 3,686 TOGO se arc cie as 138,934,392 75354 4,313 TOO Jee ie teen 118,450,590 5,197 1,587 TSSSRe meet laws 153,184,187 4,721 457 TOSOeaeis aesPme sess 180, 167,488 7,221 487 T8OG sence ore 132,608, 516 1,311 4,317 TSOT Soe te cere 122,242,682 5,004 —— TSO2a2 Riese 146,529,309 10,200 ——— WSO 3 oe ict teers. 5 secre 156,653,334 5,294 ——— TSQA ers ees ee 153,473,076 5,015 ——~ ToTaL TRANS-ATLANTIC SHIPMENTS OF NEW Bruns- WICK IN 1893, COMPARED WITH 1894. —1893— No. Sup. ft. Deals, _ Tons Ports. Vessels. Tons. &e. Timber. Miramichi. se Gye erdeust-er- 113 88,523» 85,230,472 St Johns. chagewens ss. 166 181,099 156,653,334 5,204 Bathuyst.3.0 Bite a 18 11,810 10,176,000 102 Dalhousie (including C amp- bellton) ........... 32 «21,054 +~=17,610,241 341 Richibucto (including Buc- touche)i222 28... 22 11,188 10,557,663 Shediac reise. tess < 25 13,099 11,763,215 Sackville (including Baie Werte) lt eee setet- 21 14,395 13,382,475 Hillsboro Outports of | Harvey Moncton. ) Cocagne | © 7aae Greicees Alma pRatalsin.. 1. 405 348,208 312,243,485 5,737 —1894— No. Sup. ft. Deals, Tons Ports. Vessels. Tons. &e. Timber. MMivamichien,. . senceinn- 128 101,951 95,605,185 16 Sip iG eae oPedo price I50 171,789 153,473,076 5,015 (Bathipest) 2.50 thre aas oie 12 9,947 8,829,000 43 Dalhousie (including Camp- bellton)) eco re cys cree ay 39 24,444 20,451,756 203 Richibucto (including Buc- : touches yer. casiat 13 6,130 5;936,920 Shediaes.Occrsts pray.) oles 20 ~=10,331 9,806, 100 Sackville (including Baie Merteyecis cstetan ss 23 «13,626 13,402,771 Hillsboro Outports of | Harvey 86 Moncton. Cocagne at Alma : sMrataisteee met. o. 405 357,299 326,180,621 5,277 a | THE CANADA LUMBEBRMAN The trans-Atlantic shipments from the Province of New Brunswick for ihe past ten years were : Sup. feet. Sup. feet. 1885—292 millions. 1890—293 millions. 1886—276 ne 1891 —253 fs 1887—-250 Ss 1892—325 te 1888—277 KG 1893—312 oe 1889—369 0“ 1894326 “ SHIPMENTS FROM Nova ScoTIA, 1894. oO. Sup. ft. deals, Tons Ports. Vessels. Tons. &c. Birch Tbr. uswash ae 8,6. Qutports Sees at 3 sa 15,262,020 Amherst. | Tidnish...... 4 2,667 elahifaxsy . - = ecis yaar pe 152 (30)480) 9 931,021,250 Jordan River: <2... 5). I 474 422,798 Parrsboroy <0 as y2e 6 oe 40 43,496 39,519,639 PACtOU, 550-2 sais een 10 6. 8, 259 5:491,000 1,180 St. Mary’s River & Liscomb 15 10,565 10,151,760 St. Margaret’s Bay ....... 3. «1,481 1,454,295 Ship Harbotesu as-is 2 W1;030 942,120 Sheet ‘Harbor... ----. = 3. ~«+1,560 1,452,308 LiGieitS SS Sa otsede 152 122,820 106,327,250 1,180 The shipment of deals from Nova Scotia to trans- Atlantic ports for the following years were : ESOS says ese W75G18,000 PS8Qn 2 6. ater a 92,605,488 TESA ee eee 69,159,000 I1890............ 99,512,924 HOSS soc eee ae FOOATs 7050 LOQU crs enter 78,603,742 TESOr ce ne ata B72 200.125) SDSO2 nen eater 87,861,398 JUS Mee Dee Hac B2IQngs580. GOO in etter 109,252,930 BOSO cone went as 851070, 005) “1894-~ oh elem 106,327,250 MANITOBA AND THE NORTHWEST. No large amount of business was done in lumber ir in Manitoba and the Northwest in 1894. The consump- tion of lumber for the year is given at 40,000,000, which is from 25 to 50 per cent. of a reduction over the Trade in Manitoba and the Northwest upon the condition of the previous year. depends, to a large extent, farming community, and the disposition in 1894 was to withhold expenditures for buildings and improvements. After the change in the tariff, in- ‘creased quantities of lumber were brought in from the United States, and itis, perhaps, to be expected that that thing will continue. Lumbermen in the Lake of the Woods district are pursuing a policy of restriction, not anticipating a large trade 1895. BRITISH COLUMBIA. The lumbering industry in British Columbia in 1894 was much depressed. Domestic trade, at the best, was not large, and what was done was not of the most profit- able character. It was hoped early in the year that business would brighten up in Australia, and as an important export point for Pacific coast lumber that some gain would come from that source. This improve- ment, however, did not take place, nor did the trade of South America develop as was expected, though condi- tions there have been better thanin the Antipodes. An- other unfortunate feature of the trade was the unprofit- able price at which lumber was sold. It is calculated that in the case of vessels loading for foreign points that a considerable loss was effected on some of the ship- ments. A policy of economy was practised by mill owners, the wages of employes and other items of ex- penditure being curtailed. After the tariff bill had been passed in the United States an opening was made for the shipment of stocks to California and some impetus was given to business in that direction. Quite a number of shipments were made during the closing months of 1894, and it looks as though a fair trade, at least, would be cultivated between British Columbia and California. If one turns to the shingle trade, which is a large item of manufacture on the coast, there is nothing of encour- agement to be gleaned. All through the year the shingle market was in bad shape, and the product of the mills was, in many cases, sold without a profit. The situation is summed up in a sentence by a large shingle manufacturer of New Westminster: ‘“ We certainly are tired of consuming our handiest timber and wasting our work and energy in doing business without adequate profit, and if the truth be told, our bankers are just as tired of it as we are.” Mill men are slow to speak of what the outcome will be for 1895. They are hoping for an improvement, and the year will likely show up better than that of 1894, but to what extent it is hardly safe to predict at this time. — Mr. Joseph Smith, a prominent Jumberman of Ottawa, Ont., died early in January, aged 75 years. SHOP TESTS FOR BELTS. HERE are mechanics who believe that belts will sometimes get tired and cranky, and refuse to work. Whether that is actually true or not, the writer operated a little cross belt at one time that acted very much like it. At intervals of several days the belt would fly off without any provocation. I would put it on, and im- mediately it would fly off again, and would keep so do- ing for a number of times. Finally, however, it would resume operations in a regular way without any more breaks, for days at a time, when it would take another fit and do the fly:ng-off act again. I got used to it, and when it took the notion to- fly off I curbed my temper, and drew upon my reserve of patience, and as often as it flew off I would quietly put it on, knowing that when the fit was over it would resume work, and it always did. I did not know then what caused the trouble, and do not know yet, unless it was of a cranky disposition, or was tanned from the hide of a Texas steer. Speaking of that reminds me of cross belts in general. Take for instance, a cross belt running off a large driv- ing toa small driven pulley. The first thing it does, when put to work, is to crowd over on the small pulley, and before the operator is aware of it, it will be running one-half on the pulley and the other half off. It not accustomed to the tricks of cross belts, he at once jumps to the conclusion that the pulleys are not in line, and so stops the machinery to investigate. A one-eye glance shows the pulleys to be all right, and he tries it again, thinking peihaps the first time was an optical or some other kind of a delusion. The second trial proves there was no delusion, for there it runs half on and half off. There being no other alternative, the pulley is moved on the shaft to accommodate the belt, and although the belt resents this interference with its right to run as it pleases, by trying to crowd still further over, still, if the pulley is moved far enough it can be kept fairly on it so long as it runs just that way. By and by, however, it gets slack and needs taking up. It is unlaced, a piece cut off one end, and the belt is laced again. When put on the pulley this time, much to the astonishment of all hands and the engineer, it flies entirely off the little pulley on the other side, and no matter how often it is put on, it will just as often fly off. In nine cases out of ten the parties operating it can- not tell what is the matter with the belt. They all think it is cranky, but in this case it is not ; on the contrary, its actions are perfectly natural. When a cross belt runs from a large to a very small pulley, the cross comes close to the latter and the taut fold of the belt presses hard against the slack side and crowds it over on the pulley, much as a shifter moves a belt from a tight to a loose pulley, or the reverse. That was the_trouble in the first instance. In the second in- stance the belt had been crossed the other way, and hence the reason why it ran off on the other side of the pulley. There was nothing cranky about the belt. It was simply obeying natural law. It is the mechanics who are cranky for crossing a belt ona large driving and small driven pulley. It should never be done when it is possible to avoid it. It is practically enough to cross belts on pulleys that are near the same diameter, or at least the small pulley should be large enough to throw the cross so far away from it that the tight side of the belt could have no effect on the slack side. When so arranged across belt will work about as evenly as an open belt, and is a better transmitter of power, because it increases the lap of the belt on the pulleys. It is better not to cross a rapidly running belt except when actually necessary, as for reversing motion, etc. Controversies as to the adhering and transmitting qualities of various kinds of belting are common, and makers of new kinds often take advantage of this differ- ence of opinion among experts, and the users of belting in general, to make loud claims for the superior trans- mitting qualities of their belts; and without some way of demonstrating the truth or falsity of these claims the purchasers of belting have to take the word of the makers. It is, however, not necessary for any user of belting to _ take anybody’s word on 4 question of that kind if he is _ out of the way. Clamp the shaft tightly so that it can- not afraid of a a ve expense and a very Ti es trouble. ; Every shop and every mill can have a very simple tester rigged up in this way. Select a short piece of © shafting, say three feet long, on which fit a pulley of from — sixteen to twenty-four inches in diameter and six inches face. Fasten the pulley securely to the shaft, as is ordi- narily done for work; then fix clamp supports as substi- tutes for journal boxes, and hang the shaft about four feet above the floor at any convenient place that will be not turn, and the tester is ready for business. Throw a piece of six-inch belt over the pulley and at- tach a tension weight to one end of it with the weight — resting on the floor. To the other end, by means of a hook, hang a small platform on which all ‘sorts, sizes, — and descriptions of weights can be piled. Pieces” of “| iron of any kind can be used, or lead, or anything that has weight to it. With these odds and ends the plat- form is to be loaded until the belt slips and raises the tension weight from the floor. The platform weights can then be weighed, and a record made of the weight. The standard test should be made with a piece of new leather belt of good quality, and by its record all other belts should be measured. The bottom of the platform ought to be at least one foot from the floor when empty, so as to have some distance to fall through when a belt 1s being tested. By this standard all other kinds of belts may be meas- ured, and every dealer in belts desirous of placing his — goods should be asked to furnish a short piece of six-— inch belting with which to make atest. If it requires more weight to slip the belt on the pulley, with the same tension, then it is a better power-transmitter than the leather belt. If it slips with less weight, then it is not so good. In this simple way all kinds of belts can be tested in relation to each other, and records kept for convenient reference.—R. J. Abernathy, in Power. PUBLICATIONS. , Albert Lynch, the famous French artist, who received the highest Salon prize for his panel of ‘‘ Spring,” has been engaged by the Ladies Home Journal to draw a series of de- signs for the cover for that magazine, which, as the reading public knows, changes its cover design every month. Give credit where credit is due, and acting out the prin- ciple in this axiom, we have pleasure in complimenting the Tradesman, of Chattanooga, Tenn., in the appearance and character of the Tradesman Annual of £894, which has come to our table. We have seen special issues of trade journals that evidence more glitter, but rarely has there come into our hands a trade annual so brimful of useful information, covering the particular field the journal represents. The Trades- man Annual is a complete cyclopedia of the manufacturing in- terests of the southern states. Every department of trade seems to have been covered, the special articles touching each being written by such men as Edward Atkinson and other recognized authorities on business and statistical topics. — = TESTING OILS. N authority on oils gives the following easy method - of testing lubricating oils : “ Place single drops of — each oil to be tested near the end ofa piece of plate glass about two feet long, one end being about six inches higher than the other. cating purposes is shown by the distance travelled by each drop. Thus, on the first day sperm oil will be found in the rear, but it will pass most of the othersin time and retain its power of motion after the others have dried up. A light-boided oil flows quickly, like water, but soon dries, whereas, what is wanted is a good body combined with liquid flow. Many oils have a good body but tend to gum, which will be shown on the glass.” _ This shows just one thing—to our mind—that is, the relative qualities of different oils for running down glass. As a test of lubricating value it seems quite unreliable. The conditions of an oil running down glass and of working upon a running bearing are widely different. No one would think of using sperm oil upon heavy work because it ran down a piece of.glass quicker or better than some other oil !—Engineer. Subscribe for the CANADA LUMBERMAN. $1.00 per year. “ a <_ & ee S The quality of the oil for lubri- | = ¥ FEBRUARY, 1895 CORRESPONDENCE _ Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades. To secure insertion all communications } must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for > publication. The publisher will not hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. IGNORANCE OR WASTE. i To the Editor of the Canapa LUMBERMAN: S:r,—A certain mill-owner, well known to the writer, in reproving one of his empolyes, was met with the re- joinder beginning with, “I thought.” but got no further, as he was promptly interrupted with, “You thought? _ Who told you to think? You have spoiled every piece _ im that pile. I want you to know that Iam doing the _ thinking for this business, and if you do not do as I tell _ you, you will pay the cost of your thinking.” Without expressing an opinion upon the wisdom or disposition of the mill man, as shown above, I have often thought of the force of the sentiments expressed, when my business brings me into our country saw mills cutting hard woods. It is probably a safe assertion that ninety per cent. of the slabs other than pine go to the wood pile without so much as a “thought” being ex- ____ pended upon them, but I came across an instance of _ thinking and doing, backed up with experience and figures, which may be of benefit to many a man, if the facts are understood. In one of the mills of Macpherson & Schell, of Alex- andria, is a saw-table of special construction upon which is worked up the slabs and edgings into marketable shape. _« The basswood slabs are cut into cigar box stock 3-16 in. thick and of suitable widths and lengths, usually four feet long, and some into piling boards for rolling mills, trunk slats and other uses. Ash slabs and edgings were cut into wainscot lumber % in. thick, three and four in. wide and three and four feet long, and an examination of the finished stock showed a grain and surface not possible to equal from lumber from the body of the log. Birch and hard maple were cut into furniture stock, and soft maple into wainscot, making a fine white finish. For working up small second growth basswood into box boards, drawer stock and other furniture uses, the same firm have a miniature sawmill, of their own special make, self-contained, easily removable if needed. We _ were informed that over two-thirds of the expense of operating the mill was cleared from the slab-sawing _ venture of the firm. Surely the above “experience” should cause many mill men to indulge in some think- ing of a profitable nature, and if some of the “ lumber merchants” would take up the matter with manufac- turers, a more profitable trade awaits them than often is the case with larger operations. We would say to the mill men, look up a market, stop the waste, and “ pick up the money under your feet.” WHITE BAsswoop. POINTERS ON TRADE JOURNALS. [‘ is a prominent and indisputable fact that those periodicals known as trade journals are great factors ‘in individual success at the present day. This is owing to their educational character and to the care and judg- -ment exercised in their preparation. And while the field of trade journalism may be in many instances over- { crowded, still there are few papers of this class which do not possess a peculiar merit that entitles them to consideration. In the distribution of advertising patronage the im- __ portance of trade journals as mediums is too frequently _ overlooked, or else a proper value is not placed upon the quality of the publicity which they can give their patrons. Few general advertisers give thoughtful consideration to the claims which such papers present, and consequently fail to do justice to their worth ; but indefatigable efforts on the part of the journals themselves must ere long bring to them the recognition they deserve. When an advertiser prepares to dispute his patronage there are three facts in connection with the different advertising mediums which he takes into account—quantity of cir- culation, quality of circulation and space rates. These, then, are the facts to be considered in regard to the - yalue of trade journals to advertisers. ; First, as regards quantity of circulation. It cannot be expected that aclass publication will enjoy the same field favorable to the acquirement of enormous circula- tion figures that is accorded to newspapers. Being pub- lished for a class, it is of necessity confined to that class in securing readers, and its circulation is therefore limit- ed to the magnitude ofits class. But, notwithstanding this fact, a study of the American Newspaper Directory will reveal a number of trade journals that possess a clientage surprisingly large, and there can be no doubt that the leading exponents of each line of business go to a very large percentage of the members of its own trade brotherhood. But the shrewd advertiser well knows that the true merit of a medium does not lie in the size of its edition only. He looks deeper than this before investing in its pages, and it is here that the trade journal will bear the closest investigation and comparison. In the quality of its circulation, it possesses an unquestioned superiority over any other sort of publication. It fills a place that no newspaper or magazine can occupy, because it is of individual interest, while the latter is of general interest. It talks only about subjects that concern its class of readers, teaching them new business methods and the most profitable manner of applying these methods, so that it becomes a veritable schoolmaster in its own par- ticular field. Thus by its educational facilities it contri- butes to the final success of many a young struggling business man, helping him over the rough places and guiding him to safer paths. It therefore follows that each issue of such a journal is regarded by its readers as a thing of value and carefully studied as a source of profit to themselves. It is preserved for future reference, and the advertisement it contains bring forth fruit long after those that have appeared in a newspaper are for- gotten. I think it will be admitted that these valuable characteristics entitled the trade journal to a high posi- tion among advertising media. Now, a word about rates. It is true that class publi- cations, asa rule, ask more for their space than news- papers, but take into consideration the quality of this space and then tell me if they do not deserve all they ask. Of course excellent judgment must be used in selecting the class of journals in which to advertise a certain kind of goods, but after this has been happily done compare the results with newspaper results in pro- portion to circulation. All articles can not be profitably advertised in class journals, but many can be, and to advertise the latter I would rather pay five cents per line per thousand of circulation of trade papers than one half-cent to newspapers. Results will justify this assertion.—Printers’ Ink. THE GROWING OF THE FOREST. OW, when the superabundant vegetation of summer no longer cumbereth the ground, is the time to walk along the edge of a woodland and learn how forests grow, rising through the grass, sometimes only a few inches, sometimes only a foot or more, one now sees the younglings of the forest, seedlings from nuts and every form of forest fruit sown last autumn, or perhaps the year before. Nature in her reckless profusion sows her forest seeds right and left, at the root of the parent tree and by the aid of the wind out beyond the edge of the woodland. Millions rot upon the surface of the ground or are eaten by birds, beasts or insects. Comparatively few are covered with earth and germinate. Many of. those few perish by a thousand accidents when they first peep above ground. Some fractional percentage of the whole number of seeds sown alive to the end of their first year, and it is these that now greet the eye upon the woodland’s edge, pretty mimics of their giant parents. One gets a notion of the forest tree’s tenacity of life when one attempts to uproot the baby tree. A yearling hickory is found with deep struck tap root thicker than ° the stem above ground and often longer. Only a strong arm can uproot the infant from the spot where he has set a firm foot in his native soil, as if he knew his de- stined towering height and six teet of girth. So the oak; his infant tap root exceeds in length its height above ground, and he braces himself with lateral 1ootlets, as if he felt the tempest in his locks a century hence. The nobler forest trees, too, in their youth have to make provision for the needs of age, to dive down into THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 the bowels of the earth and draw thence the stuff from which giants are molded, the water that shall serve for life and growth when droughts destroy the puny annuals towering in their mushroom growth of a season above the tiny oak, with its heritage of centuries. The birches are less firmly rooted. They content themselves with a modest depth and a wide lateral spread of branching roots. The beech spreads wide and sinks deep in pre- paration of the time when the secret alchemy of its cells sha]l transmute the food drawn from earth and air into the marvel of its giant limbs. There isa peculiar charm in the infancy of these future giants. The tiny young oaks ofthe larger varieties sometimes exceed their parents in the size and richness of their leaves, and for some years the growing oak has a peculiar autumn splendor that comes late and lingers long. The leaves of the young pin oak are more delicate than those of the parent. They take on early the tints that glorify this variety of oak. The almost pentagonal leaves of the seeding tulip tree also are tiny, with a transparency unknown to the broad, rich greenery of the well-grown tree. The foot-high elm wears his dark-green flannel leaves far into the autumn and seems to escape the beetle. The baby birch when uprooted has a pretty secret to reveal of the way her kind grows in sisterhoods of three, four, five or more. All about the base of the baby trunks, just beneath the surface of the ground, are little buds that will in time develop into independent trunks, at least such seems their promise. The elms propagate abundantly. So do the maples, growing in single tall, straight wands. The tulip tree is also the parent of a great brood, and the young wild cherries spring abundantly. The oaks seem less prolific, probably because the acorn is an excellent food for a great number of creatures. So, too, the chestnut, whose seed escapes the worm only to fall into the cluthes of the schoolboy. The birches spring up in all directions, but the beech is less commonly found in its infancy. The sassafras surrounds itself with a whole colony of young shoots from its far spreading roots. Hence the charm of the natural plantations of the sassafras. The beauty of its family groups should be a perpetual reminder to human families that few of us in the mass are so well worth the photographer’s art as the spontaneous vege- table products of nature. A HOME-MADE TRAVELLING CRANE. ee travelling crane shown herewith is quite easily constructed and is of great utility. The frame AA is simply to hold the I beam which forms the track in place, and one is supplied at as frequent intervals as A HomeE-MADE TRAVELLING CRANE. strength demands. The upper edges of the I beam form the track, and the rollers are cast iron, governed as shown, and are held in the yoke B by the studs shown. These are fastened solidly in the yoke and form the shaft or axle for the rollers. A swivel crane hook C completes the equipment and makes a very handy addi- ticn to almost any shop, mill or plant. The cost 1s very little and should not deter anyone from making it who has use for one.—Machinery. 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FEBRUARY, 1895 SOME PECULIARITIES OF TREE GROWTH. (| Wee forest-lover and botanist can always find an abundance of vegetable curiosities that will escape the observation of less interested persons. While each of nature’s kingdom has many things to attract and hold the undivided attention of its devotees, the student of botany, whether an amateur or a professional, will yield nothing in behalf of the vegetable kingdom. Especially is this true of him who makes a study of forestry. The forest-lover makes friends and companions oftrees. He learns their moods, their habits and peculiarities of growth, while they in turn teach him wonderful lessons. There 1s a beneficence about a forest that must always have its effect upon dwellers within its influence, where there is companionship in single trees, if familiar to one from day to day. Even the brute creation acknowledges the former, the highest types being found in timber lands; only the lower ones approaching the reptilian in form, being found as permanent denizens of the vast sandy or alkali treeless plains of either hemisphere. It might be claim- ed that the buffalo, the splendid game quadruped of the western world, was, in history, exception to this rule. But the real fact is that he reached his greatest perfec- tion in those prairie sections which were interspersed with natural shelter belts of heavy timber, such as forest- lined rivers and creeks, or- wooded ridges, that gave ample protection from the fierce sun of summer, or the fierce blasts of winter. Forest peculiarities include a mass of interesting know- ledge which is withheld from the general public. For instance, who among the non-professionals can explain why the deciduous growth follows the destruction of conifera? Or why certain species accompany one an- other? And yet these are common, and every-day facts. The more one studies this subject the more interesting it becomes, and a few illustrations may serve to draw attention to it. There is a tree, habitant of the foothills of the mountain ranges of the Pacific Coast, called the madrona (Arbutus Menziesii, Pursh.), that is always in foliage, though not a conifer. The old leaves roll up in- to brown balls during the heat of the dry season, after which the new ones have nearly matured, after which they separate from the branch with a sharp report, like the cracking of fire-crackers, producing a rather startling effect upon the uninitiated traveller. In addition this tree sheds bark early in the summer, previous to changing its foliage. At the proper time the bark splits from the ground up to the extreme points of the last year’s growth on the minutest twigs, whence it rolls up and falls to the ground. At maturity the old bark is of a rich coffee color, and smooth and hard. The new bark presents a beautiful shade of dark pea green when first exposed, which darkens from day to day to maturity. In the Sierra Nevada Mountains the flowering dog- wood grows to the size of a respectable tree. In the eastern part of Amado county, Cal., at an elevation of 37,000 feet, at a bend in a road built to a lumbering camp and saw mill, there stands two such trees, about 16 inches in diameter at the ground, and about thirty inches apart. At the height of ten feet from the ground the trees are joined together by a regular Siamese union. At the points of junction the trees are fully 12 inches in diameter, and the connecting growth is upwards of five inches in diameter in the center, increasing largely to- ward each trunk. Examination shows that the trees have no connections at the roots, being two separate and distinct trees. . The location was a wild and unfrequented one, away from any trail, until the road was located less than five years ago. There is no appearance of two branches having been grafted together artificially, but there is every evidence of its being a simple freak of Dame nature herself. Again, certain trees, like certain animals, become ex- tinct in particular localities, without any apparent cause. This giant sequois of California will never be repro- duced. They are the survival of a prehistoric age that could alone produce them, being the oldest living speci- mens of forest growth on the continent-—older than large areas of the continent itself. 7 Certain trees are inimical to others, it being impossi- ble to make them grow side by side, while on the other hand certain species exert a benign influence over others to such an extent as to almost necessitate their planting together, if the best results are desired. Who can explain why the conifera as a rule (the se- quois being an exception), can be propagated only by seeds, while a large majority of deciduous trees renew themselves from sprouts, from old roots, or can be pro- pagated from slips? Men, clearing a black ash swamp in Northen Michi- gan, discovered a white pine stump of great size, inside of which was a hemlock stump, also very large, and in- side the hemlock two yellow cedars of good size, joined at the roots. The stump puller took the whole mass out together, when an examination showed that the shell of the white pine was still about 16 inches thick ana sound, while the hemlock had a shell of over a foot in thick- ness, hard and sound, the cedars being sound with the exception of a small heart and each about one foot in diameter. Computing the age of each from the number of rings in the shells, the pine must have been at least 1,500 years old when it ceased growing ; the hemlock was fully 600 years old, and the cedars were 140 years olc. A reasonable allowance for an interim between the death of the pine and the seeding of the hemlock, and the death of the latter and the seeding of the cedar, makes it appear that the pine must have sprung from a seed more than 3,000 years ago. This clashes with the theories of the geologists as the formation of that part of the State, which arises a ques- tion between them and the believers in the “ ring” theory of annual growth.—Hardwood. FORETHOUGHT VS. AFTERTHOUGHT. By W. H. WAKEMAN. T is said of some men that their “foresight 1s hind- sight” and their “forethought always comes after- ward.” This is nota very handsome expression, but it answers the purpose very well in describing the characters referred to. When one of these men is put in charge of a steam plant, there is trouble almost continually, and the plant is frequently shut down, that his hindsight may be made use of and his lack of forethought made promi- nent. Such a man never makes it his business to inspect the lacings in his main belt at short intervals to see that it is in good order, but allows it to run as long as possible, and when all the machines in the factory are running, thus bringing a heavy strain on the nearly worn out lacing, it fails and the whole factory is shut down for about an hour while a new lacing is put in; or perhaps a part of the lacing gives way first and the belt is thrown to one side of the pulley, is caught by the floor or wall and badly torn, making it necessary to get a new piece and put it in, and as the job must be done in a hurry, there is no time to properly scarf, cement and rivet it, so that it is laced on, and ever afterwards there are two lacings to care for instead of one. It does not really need to be a very large factory to make such a shut down cost as much as is paid the engineer for a week’s work, consequently a man who watches such things and avoids the shut down saves his employer many dollars. It is a good plan to draw in pieces of old lacing over the new simply to protect the lacing which holds the belt together from wear as it runs over the pulleys. These pieces will then wear out first and so give warning, when they may be renewed and the others kept intact. Such a man as forms the subject of this article, does not remove small accumulations of sediment from his sight-feed oilers, but waits until the dirt 1s about half an inch deep in them and the oil passages choked up with it, and as the bearings are not oiled, hot boxes are the result. He is then not slow in applying some heroic 1emedy and boasting of his skill in curing the evil. The flange joints in his cast iron main steam pipe are leaking drops of water while his engine is shut down, but he has not foresight sufficient to enable him to know that unless they receive proper attention, the packings will be blown out and it will be necessary to shut down to renew them. If the packing around his piston rod begins to leak, he simply screws up the nuts which hold the gland in place, and when it leaks again he repeats the process, but does not heed the warning that new packing is needed, until some morning after starting up he finds that he can no longer stop the hiss of steam in this way, consequently throughout the entire day, at each revolu- tion of the engine it sounds as if it were about a hundred geese in the engine room, and visitors and employes are not slow to take note of it and rate him accord-— ingly. This man has an injector in his boiler room which formerly worked very well, but of late it will break oc- -casionally, and frequently he finds it difficult to make it start as it should. This tells him that it is becoming coated with scale on the inside. He should have fore- sight to enable him to determine that ina short time it will become so filled up as to make it useless, but he — lacks this most desirable qualification, and when his pump is being repaired the injector refuses to work and ~ he can not feed his boilers. To cover up his blunder he acvances the idea that no injector will last long any- way, and that they fail without giving warning, when the truth is that they do give such warning, but he either does not understand the story they tell, or is too in- different to profit by it. It matters little which it is, as the result is the same in either case. t With a man in charge who lacks foresight, when the girth seams on the under side of his boilers commence to leak, he does not look ahead and calculate what the result will be if this leakage continues, but proceeds to calk up the leaky seams, and continues the same prac- tice that caused the trouble in the first place. He can not foresee that if he fills a hot boiler with cold water, severe contraction will be the result, or that if he feeds cold water into the bottom of a boiler while under steam pressure, the cold water will settle to the bottom and cause the seams to leak. His boiler is badly scaled and he introduces some scale resolvent to remove it, but does not possess suffi- cient foresight to enable him to see that if his remedy is of any value whatever, it will throw down a large quan- tity of scale which will lodge on the parts immediately over the fire and prevent the water from coming in con- tact with the iron, the consequence being burned plates and leaky seams. a ne If a small hole appears in the blow-off pipe, he puts a ~ slip patch over it to stop the leak temporarily, but does not have forethought enough to show him that if corro- sion has weakened the pipe in one place it soon will be in others ; but when this pipe fails and his boiler room is filled with clouds of stedm and the boiler is uncere- moniously emptied of its contents, his afterthought has a chance to secure a prominent position. If an oil agent offers him a commission on all of the oil that he buys of a certain kind, he repeats the old axiom that “a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush,” without taking into consideration the fact that he has made a wrong application of it. He can not see into the future enough to discove: that he will soon be no longer a free man, but will be under obligations to those from whom he has taken bribes, forgetting that all _ of these deals are brought to light sooner or later and always to the disadvantage of those who are concerned in them. The engineer who is capable of getting out of scrapes in short order, often passes as a hero, while the ‘unassuming engineer who is thoughtful, and by his thoughtfulness keeps out of scrapes, attracts but little attention and frequently fails to get as much credit as is _really his due. When he leaves a situation where he has had but little trouble, and where shut-downs were few and far between, and is replaced by a man whose forethought comes afterward, the difference is often plainly to be discerned without the aid of a magnifying glass. There is one more point which I wish to mention, as follows : When a man takes charge of a steam plant, he should have foresight enough to study out the character- istics of his employer, know just what his ideas are as far as possible, and then govern himself accordingly. — By this I do not mean that he should sacrifice any of his own opinions or ideas which are proven to be cor- rect, for this is not at all necessary, but he should adapt himself to circumstances and by skillful management of — affairs, secure the respect and confidence of his empley- ers, of [COE a FEBRUARY, I895 MOLDING CUTTERS. ee care and skill required im fitting up a pair of molding cutters so that each may be the exact counterpart of the other and perform the same work in every part, and still be in perfect running balance, has led many operators into the pernicious practice of using but one perfect cutter and upon the opposite side of the head a piece of iron of the same weight, to act as a counterbalance. If this were a practical thing, and the feed reduced accordingly, there would be no particular objection to this practice, but it is simply impossible to properly balance a cutterhead in this manner. A stand- ing balance may be obtained in this manner, but a run- ning balance never. To obtain a running balance the counterbalance must not only be of same weight but every part of it must revolve in the same circle, for the centrifugal force of a body moving with different velo- cities in the same circle are proportioned as the square of the velocities, and a body revolving 1,000 revolutions per minute has four times the centrifugal strain as one revolving 500, while the centrifugal force of two unequal bodies moving with unequal velocities and at different distances from the center, are in compound proportion or ratio to the quantity of matter and the square of their velocities. So it is evident that, though the weight of the counterbalance may be the same as the cutter, still as the shape is not the same and every part of it can not revolve in the same circle, a good running balance is out of the question. SPLIT PULLEYS. H* it ever occurred to you, says a writer in the Iron Trade Review, that there are some methods coming into vogue that are cheaper in the long run to use than to be without? Among these is the split pulley. It costs money, and big money, too, at times, to cut a key- THE CANADA LUMBERMAN i way in a shaft when a new pulley isto be located. Have you ever used a good split pulley? If not,doso. A short time since I fitted out a whole shop with pulleys and shafting, and used nothing but split wooden pulleys. Hold? Well, not at first. Each pulley was tightened as well as we could do the work at the start and then watched. At the first indication of a slip the wrench was put on again and that settled the matter for all time. I had those pulleys driving every conceivable kind of ironworking tool, from a light drill to a heavy hammer, and never had the slightest indication of trouble. Then, when new tools were bought and old ones had to be shifted, ten minutes sufficed to take down the pulley. But when I did that job, I did not know as much as I do now. I allowed builders to sell me tight and loose pulleys on the counter-shafting, so that for every ma- chine having a four-inch belt I had to buy a nine-inch split pulley. In future I will specify clutches. LUMBERMEN’S * * SUPPLIES HP. Eckardt & Go WHOLESALE GROCERS A call from buyers when in the city solicited. Letter orders have careful and prompt attention. ‘ &Scatcherd & Son 105 SENECA ST., mur r ALO”, N. Y. me TORONTO. E want to contract with mill men for their winter's |" cut of Sorr ELM, BLACK ASH, BIRCH, BASSWOOD, and ROCK ELM, to be sawed to our order. bill will get as much good lumber out of the log as any .. . fers TH US Our saw- CAMP. SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. DAVIDSON & Wholesale Grocers imaee TORONTO . . . STEARNS BROTHERS ... Patent Rossing Machine Why you should use this Rosser..... It will do double the work of any other.: It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. : It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark or block out. It is a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. All iron and steel, very simple and durable. It will ross knotty and uneven timber without waste. ‘ It occupies about the same space as an ordinary laner. You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. - MANUFACTURED BY - - - - EASTMAN LUMBER C0. BASTMAN, QUE. Pio Sh GLE nee | pDRAULIC 2 Pr acNeRY NORTHEY. LD. TORONTO 16 THE CANADA SUPERIORITY OF WIRE ROPE. IRE rope making is a comparatively recent industry, at least its produc- tion upon a commercial scale has been limited to the last balf century. © Its manu- facture in England during recent years has been growing rapidly, says the Ma- chinery Market, and this may be largely accounted for by the many advantages derived from the substitution of flexible or rigid material, which has naturally widened the field of its application. Early attempts at wire rope making from either charcoal or B. B. iron were soon im- proved upon when steel was substituted, and now iron ropes are seldom used at all, whether for haulage or collieries or for the rigging of ships. The principal objection urged against the use of wire rope in the earlier days was its stiffness ; but, as we have already said, recent developments have removed this drawback. The flexibility of any rope can, of course, be largely increased by the multiplication of the number of wires of which it is made, and by the method of uniting them. The number of wires of which a rope is made in England gener- ally falls between thirty-six and four hun- dred. The fewer the number of strands the easier to make the rope, of course, and vice versa, great skill being called into requisition in the arrangement of the wires when a large number are employed. The superiority of steel wire rope is generally admitted. As an instance of this may be mentioned the towing of the armor-clad Caledonia from Liverpool to Plymouth by a 4-inch steel wire hawser, weighing 12 cwt.; a 13%-inch hemp haw- ser, weighing 45 cwt., and a 1%-inch stream chain, weighing 130 cwt., having broken in the endeavor to do the same work. Subscribe for the CANADA LUMBERMAN, Weekly and Monthly Editions, only $1.00 per year. WARNING UR subscribers and advertisers are hereby noti- fied that persons authorized to collect ac- counts for this Journal are furnished with a special receipt form, headed ‘‘ Official Receipt,’’ and this is the only form ot receipt which will in tuture be recognized in the case of accounts paid to collec- tors, C. H. MORTIMER, Publisher Canada Lumberman. -TO LUMBER MEN V E are in the market for. one million feet of 4 x 4 scantling, and three million feet of 2 inch plank, asfollows: Plank to be good, common 12 and 16 feet long, 20 per cent. of it 6 inches wide, 50 percent, 8 inches wide, and 30 per cent. 1o and 12 inches wide. Scantling to be 4 x 4 and roto 16 feet long, ccarse, com- mon, square-edged : all to be delivered between June and December, 1895. In quoting, state separate price for white and red pine, and quantity of each you wish to contract for.—THE REID CO., OF TORONTO, Ltd. Head office, cor. King and Berkley Streets. No contract will be made for less than 109,000 feet. Are You Looxine If you are not satisfied with your present site, or if you are not doing quite as well as you would like to, why not consider the advantages of a location on the Illinois Central R, R. or the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley R. R.? These roads run through South Dakota, Min- nesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana, and possess FINE SITES FOR NEW MILLS BEST OF FREICHT FACILITIES CLOSE PROXIMITY TO COAL FIELDS ANDDISTRIBUTING CENTERS AND INTELLIGENT HELP OF ALL KINDS MANY KINDS OF RAW MATERIAL For full information write to the undersigned for a copy of the pamphlet entitled ana towns WANTING INDUSTRIES This will give you the population, city and county debt, death rate, assessed valuation of property tax rate. annual shipments, raw materials, industries de- sired, etc. To sound industries, which will bear investigation, substantial inducements will be given by many of the places on the lines of the Illinois Central R. R. which is the only road under one management running th: ough from the North-Western States to the Gulf of Mexico. GEO. C. POWER Industrial Commissioner I.C.R.R. Co., 506 Central Station, Chicago. LUMBERMAN Haines & Gompany ~ LUMBER DEALERS ESTABLISHED 1861. Buffalo, N. 1, Office and Yards, foot of Erie St, Within 7 minutes’ walk of principal hotels and depots. K ‘y " "y BEST MAIN DRIVB. GUARANTEED. Sole Canadian Agents. Ge Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, srantForD, CANADA. Mons £60 aL. Bx /OY CKINDS® ‘TIMBER & LUMBER) ROUGH 1S THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES FEBRUARY, 1895 RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 Ibs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. A Wh SSS] ][[]S]—= Thé Montréal Gar Whsél Go. eee MANUFACTURERS OF... Charcoal Iron Ghilied RAILROAD WHEELS OFFICEs: NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL WoRKS: LACHINE, QUEBEG We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. GORRESPONDENGE SOLICITED VV YWWEVV IV WYO VV OVI VI RA DEN VY PROCESS OF TEMPERING : * Our Silver Steel Saws are Uneaualled TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 THE J.C.MfLAREN BELTING C2 montreat. 4 THEH CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 | A Weekly Journal of advance informa- tion and public works. The recognized medium for advertise- ments tor Tenders. CANADIAN CONTRACT RECORD TORONTO. my \ eH BANK, COURTHOUSE & DRUG STOREFITTINSS «© TENDERS WANTED G3INWM SY3GNaL J. W. MAITLAND H. RIXON W. STODARI J. G. AINSILE MAITLAND, RI RIXON & CO. OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock me sesciar® or [NG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, GEDAR AND HENLOGK Quotations furnished on application GALT ts ol HORKOP = i NE, ae eu: ouiiding and Stave Cutting S= Send for Price List| Pee rik CATT, One Please mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding . with Advertisers.... 45 cents buys it Soribner’s LUMDEF «« Log Book SAVES TIME Every Lumberman wants it SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto ies GG SIXTEEN RBASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, PRACTICAL INFORMATION BAND SAWS BREAK Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. before been published. The work in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound. in cloth. ONE DOLLAR. ~ Address— It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. ROBIN, SADLER & HAWORTH MANUFACTURERS OF OAK TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL AND TORONTO P. PAYETTE'S . . . ; PATENT FRIGTIONAL Feo - DOUBLE WITH =m, [n four sizes FULL 1 IMPROVE- y ae MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill Machinery Circular Saw Rigs, Light and Heavy ood or Iron Frames. Rope and Chain Feed for Saw Car- riages. Live Rollers, Wood or Iron. Log Canters, Light and Heavy. Double Edgers, Friction and Direct eed. Head Blocks, Light and Heavy. Mill Dogs. Saw Guides. Trimmer, Log and Carrier Chains. Set Works. Top Saws. Brass and Iron Fittings. Saw Swage for Circular, Gang or Band. Swing Saws. Trimmers. Butting Tables. Boilers and Boiler Fittings. Shafting, Boxing, Pulleys, Hangers. Paper Frictions, Wood and Iron. Brass and Iron Castings of all kinds. Machinery for Lath Mill. ** Shingle Mill. = Gang Mill. ‘* Re-sawing. *€ Jack-Ladder. “Drag Saw. ‘* Engines, Stationary and Marine. ** Pumps. y os ee kine Matches. Bane “Hook Handles. “ec Terms and Prices on application. P. Payette & Co. Td L —— — = S= Penetanguishene, Ont. IN A MRT FROM Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAW AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) NT. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company’s line of steamships across Lake Michigan. _ The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all Canadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This read traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well w atered with streams in all directions : a market for every product of Forest and Field. The policy of the “ travellers and settlers. F.& P. M.” is known to all _ A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. SAGINAW, MICA. GENERAL OFFICES: LUMBER, HEMLOGK, WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE, GYPRESS, YELLOW POPLAR, RED OAK, WHITE OAK, SPRUGE, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, WASHINGTON SPRUGE AND FIR. PLAIN AND QUARTER-SAWED WHITE AND RED OAK AND YELLOW POPLAR A SPECIALTY. on OFFICE : PITTSBURGH, PA. HEMLOGK, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, ROOM 23, SCHMARTZ BUILDING, 86 WATER STREET Lies HEMLOGK, SPRUGE, POPLAR, WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE AND GYPRESS SHINGLES, WHITE PINE, WHITE GEDAR, RED GEDAR and GYPRESS ~@ Canada Atlantic Railway OTTAWA, ARNPRIOR AND PARRY SOUND RAILWAY OPERATING THE Ottawa and New York Lumber Line - Ottawa and Boston Lumber Line - Canada Atlantic Fast Freight Line (Operating over the Grand Trunk,’ Central Vermont, and Boston and Maine Railways.) =. SHORTEST“AND QUICKEST’ ROULE 7 ...- FROM AND TO... @ HAWKESBURY WS R.A. GARTER TTAW A ARN PRIOR ; Sg a ioc MONTREAL BURLINGTON — Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade Ontario Agent, Board Trade BUFFALO QU EBEBEC BOSTON Y MONTREAL TORONTO DETROLTT HALIFAS NEW YoRK e TONAWANDA PORTLAND ALBANY, &C- G. J. SMITH AND ALL POINTS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. General Freight Agent - OTTAWA. P. S.—The opening of the Ottawa, Arprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa to the Georgian Bay, offers to the manufacturer and purchaser a new district not heretofore reached by any other line. Dauntless Shinglé and Heading Maching --, WILL make more Shingles per day than any seif-acting machine with vertical saw in existence, and more Shingles from the same quantity of timber. NC ——— = aa TAE FRAME ... Is of Iron throughout, very heavy and rigid, strongly bolted and _ braced. For through rates, information and list of lumber dealers, apply to any officer of these lines or connections, or to M.A. OVEREBND ~ F. J. DRAKE, Esq., Belleville. Dear Sir,—We have waited two years before giving you our idea of your machinery. This we did to thoroughly test it, and can now say we know what it can do, Your Saw Mill is equal, or nearly equal, to any we have seen of much heavier make, and far in advance of . any light rig in the market. The capacity per day is fully up to your guarantee, 40 M perday. We have tested with eight men. The Shingle Mill cannot be beaten [copy.] HAsTINGs, Dec. 3, 1894. THE CARRIAGE ... Is very light and strong, made of forged Cast Steel Plate, running on steel ways or tracks. Will take in a block 18 inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. SSS —-—S SSS CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY ‘| for any kind of timber. Ours being ‘| in a manner a custom mill, we have :| good, bad and indifferent timber, but for all it does the work satisfae- orily. You may use this in any way you please, or refer to us at any time. Yours truly, (Sgd.) W. J. & H. W. Fow ps. FP. dO DRARKE) ee SAW, SHINGLE AND LATH MACHINERY PATENTBBE AND... MANUFACTURER OP BELLEVILLE 2S _ | FEBRUARY, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FRONT - BACK « REAR View—it’s all the same—from ...every point the... N Ew LN Stands ... AL | aes hk Unrivalled ! S ROR). ; hie == ESS Rear View—New Allis Band. il Weight : Ks xD) : a ~ 0; ZZ SS summetrical : el tl TW yt NY alll q 7 | | ae el eg j Ie as = bs TMU N a 2 eee fi ib D si a a S S ru oi S SS IM Hl S I i ~ HH l SS " ll HEE Tu y Iz S SS Sa) Proportion \ \ mw po I TT lg il Ti a ™ | i a | SS | SS. i ini Ci ) Designs 4 Z Tee em wenn 6s ; = Oe Wes EN SS a Only Band with upper wheel in center of shaft and column. Only Band with both wheels hung inside of frame. ww , ? \ ANS : << 2. NW il ao ies = 2 NO \\ post in Na, - “222 Mm mY aS ZL \\ S\ ~N I Patent safety lower wheel removes all 2 SISSN casting strain 6n wheel. Cooooooooooooooooe /M EVERY POINT THE FAVORITE Place your orders early. ————— Correspondence solicited. lin ae AND SURE i talaga sas ee oe Sy gz ae | 8. PLE pepe q he I meres as =n | WHOLESALE DEALERS IN faa é. vy Tor wae Be wet Pet S seal DO You? Spit Thee yo quite advertisement Terewe WMBER,LATH ww SHINGLES ral ia Lumber, Labi & Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. pees f Sen BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. “ie dest contractors. BRAGCEBRIDGE, ONT. A. + Rk. + WILLIAMS Soho Machine Works, TORONTO... MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN ee Saw Mill Machinery Shingle Mill Machinery Hoop and Veneer Mill Machinery Wood-working Machinery . Iron-working Machinery p Sream Fan ano He i BLECTRIG LIGHT PLANTS. BLECTRIG MOTORS. ENGINES AND BOILERS OF ALL SIZES. SESE SSS St STURTEVANT : DRY ° KILN? PLANTS EXCEL ALL OTHERS IN. EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY. SEND FOR SPECIAL STURTEVANT DRY KILN CATALOGUES. AR. WILLIAMS Soho Machine works TORONTO Write for a Circular and Catalogue, mentioning this advertisement. com = } Terms, $1.00 PER YEAR Votume XVI. TORONTO, ONT ., MA RGH, 1895 ‘i Single Copies, ro Cents. @-> IMAGNOLIA MEGAL INOS Ea te Pee Leading Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS ; eee IT OLIA MHTAL CoO. mea LOMDOM OF Th QUEE TTR PEERS 74 Cortlandt St., NEW YORK i ee re AUTOMATIC MORSE” VALVE MACHINE The... fa yb “The Motse” — js the only machine in the market that Should be in every Lumber Mill ee sas will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. ‘wi JET PUMPS. . PENBERTHY WATER GAGES 85 OOO gs eRe OIL CUPS. . iz used it, and de- ARE 71HE BEST clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. ‘ws ve, ow. © PENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. DETROIT, MICH. Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING, BROTHBRS ILE MANUFACTURERS . ‘‘ Reliance Works,’? - MONTREAL. | C. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND SwTVVVTTVVVATAVUARAET. (tram & Sons | John oid en : d. L. Goodhue X 60. Silver Solder DUNDAS | ONTARIO. \ MANUFACTURERS OF BAND SAW Ss. Sa» ecee Price $1.00 per ounce, in ro ounce lots. Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should i [FATHER BELTING soee I P. W ELLIS & co A : ‘ ceil 2 rT] 2 . eos foe ar cyte ae anp LACE LEATHER 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. Danwille, Que. : MANUFACTURING JEWELERS. - 4 he et ee te ee eS) Dra FACTORY: Phone 5120 i 9 934-536 Dundas Stréeét TORONTO, —AND Grosscut ete ALL | NH E.R. SURNS nn, ©. | >, Saws Grossout Saw Handle | Gircular THE STRONGEST, MOST DURABLE AND EASILY ADJUSTED HANDLE EVER INVENTED —————— S ; Qe ~ | - = 5 x u = A. = = “iy i J = al a, —Fs 4 = = Y % =F eS Lo 6 il 1 | 7 ? a4 4 Asam Re “9 a - | 448 3215) i = _4)\—— = a> ji mu I 1 TAE WM. AAMILTON FG. CoO.. LTD _ me | ee NADA LUMBERMAN Voiume XVI. NUMBER 3. TORONTO, ONT., MARGH, 1895 J TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR | Single Copies, 10 Cents. CHARACTER SKETCH. HON. J. B. SNOWBALL, SENATOR AND LUMBERMAN OF NEW BRUNSWICK. \ “ Let us be doing something.” O tell the story of some men’s lives 1s to sketch the times and place in which they have lived. The life of Sir John A. Macdonald is necessarily a history of Canada for more than 25 years. The biographer who would write of Sir Oliver Mowat would, at the same time, be writing, perhaps, the most complete history of the Province of Ontario. Men of individuality leave their impress on all their surroundings. ) If one is to write of the lumber trades of the Maritime Provinces he unconsciously thinks of J. B. Snowball and Alexander Gibson..-To_pen a sketch of these men he must write, in-a large measure, a history of the lumber trades of New Brunswick and Nova, Scotia. Already in these columns a sketch has appeared of Mr Gibson. In noting some of the incidents in the career of the Hon. J. B. Snowball, of Chatham, N. B., the sketch is sure to tell much of the extent and charac- — ter of the lumber business of the provinces down by the sea. , 5 M Just as Alexander Gibson’s name _ is_ intimately associated with the town of Marysville, so is the name of J. B. Snowball identified with the town of Chatham and that section of New Brunswick, familiarly termed Mirimachi, and covering a number of towns and places within the district of the Mirimachi River. Jabez B. Snowball is a native of Nova Scotia, having been born at Lunenburg, in that province, Sept. 24th, 1837. His family is of German origin, but for several generations were residents in Yorkshire, Eng. Mr. Snowball’s career has shown a happy commingling of the perseverance and endurance indigenous to the Teutonic races, and that pluck and grit that is characteristic of John Bull. The father of our sketch was the Rev. John S. Snowball. Mr. Snowball has been actively engaged in the lumber trades in the Maritime Provinces for a long term of _ years, and is to-day the largest manufacturing shipper in the district in which he resides. It is estimated that the Maritime Provinces possess forest resources to the ex- tent of about 20,000 square miles. Where pine is the leading product of the forests of Ontario, spruce holds the premier position in the Maritime Provinces. Outside of this wood there is a considerable supply of birch, which, now that this wood is coming into increased uses, will prove a valuable asset to that portion of the Domin- ion. The two main shipping points are St. John and Mirimachi, or Chatham more strictly speaking, the home of Mr. Snowball. The exports of lumber from St. John to Europe and America are given as 200,000,000 feet b.m. annually. An estimate of the shipments, and names of shippers, from the Mirimachi district, mainly spruce deals, etc., for the past two years, are given as follows :— 1893 1894 Shippers. Feet. Feet. aS) re 22,081,347 24,505,000 rgna). Ritchie & Co,............ 10,660,238 11,088,000 RMR Gs... x agisley a's dpeie’s o's wey I3.519,604 8,730,000 RRAAECCHISEMN Go ccs oipivieis vine ne oes aie 7,109,925 9,318,000 Ged, Burchill & Sons............... 4,601,000 7,380,000 el MICIRAY,”, Koel ee bee ee se a 18,084,380 27,447,000 immans TIChATdS,......... e205. 6,607,000 5,993,000 The picturesque, aside from the rude, native beauty that is common to every lumber district, is not one of the factors that goes to give fame to the Miramichi. This, at least, would appear to be the experience of the editor of our English contemporary Timber, who a year ago visited the Maritime Provinces and particularly the lum- ber districts. He had made a pleasant call on Mr. J. B. . ie Do “* PIT oe eed he oe ee Snowball, and at his invitation had made an inspection of his mills, together with those of Mr. E. Hutchison and others in the district. Having concluded his business, this is his account of the remaining hours spent in Chat- ham: “I have no desire to visit Chatham (Miramichi) again. Although the town has a pretty considerable population it is avery primitive place.. There is no hotel except one or two boarding houses. The means of get- ting to and from the place are very inconvenient. I wished to retuin to St. John, but in order to do so I had to take a train at a kind of station a good mile and a half from the-town at 3 o’clock in the morning. I en- gaged a conveyance to call for me at half-past two and the landlady of the boarding house advised me to go to Hon. J. B. SNOWBALL. bed and let the cabman come up to my bedroom and awaken me (they do not seem to fasten the doors of their houses here) but I would not risk it, andI satup. That cabman never came, and after anxiously waiting till the last moment, I seized my bag and ran, in the pitch dark- ness, over a mile up a rutty, muddy lane. I was not sure I was going in the right direction, and, after several falls in the mud, I arrived at the station, almost breath- less and dirty, just as the train was starting. By repeated entreaties I got the driver to wait and entrain me and my baggage. I shall not readily forget Miramichi.” Of Mr. Snowball personally our English friend, as is the case with everyone else, can only say kind things. His interview was of the pleasantest character. “Like everything with which Mr. Snowball is connected,” says he, “his mill is a reflex of his undoubted ability and great intelligence. Although the mill has only three gangs with compliment trimmers he can cut here some 30,000,- 000 feet or 15,000 stds.” Besides this mill;swhich Ask ~Tustrated-on the following-page, ( Mr. Snowball handles the product of three other mills in the district, in which he has a direct interest. bermen in this country Mr. Snowball carries on a general store business, the profits from which make even a better showing than that of his lumber business. The Snow- ball stock is shipped largely to Great Britain, Messrs. Farnworth & Jardine being his representatives there. Mr. Snowball himself is a yearly visitor to Great Britain. Following the custom of lum- ~ The activities of this well-known Lower Province lumberman are by no means confined to his commercial undertakings, though these are extensive. For, besides his lumber business, he is largely interested in the rail- ways of his province and has been president of the Chat- ham Gas Co., as well as director of other monetary institutions. He has been mayor of Chatham more than once, and it goes without saying that the town was the gainer by his wide business experience and knowledge of public affairs. He represented Northumberland, N. B., in the House of Commons from 1878 to 1872, when he retired. On May Ist, 1891, he was called to the Senate, and in the Upper Chamber of the House he has heen one of the Senators who has done his share to im- part a measure of present-day business life to a branch of government that has sometimes been said is fast be- coming fossilized in its character. In politics he is a Liberal-Conservative. // CUTTING QUARTER-SAWED OAK. IX a recerit interview a leading Grand Rapids furniture man gave some valuable ideas as to cutting quarter- sawed oak, from his standpoint. He said that the de- mand just now was better for quartered oak than for any other wood, and that prices for satisfactory qualities and widths would afford a reasonable profit. He remarked : “Tf I owned a lot of that stock that would exactly meet the ideas of the furniture men in every respect, I would not know what price to put on it, but would hold it pretty high ; but if I had a lot of badly manufactured, dirty, narrow, different length quartered white oak, I would not know what to do with it, for no furniture man would buy it.” To sell well it must be well manufactured, clean and bright and well handled. The greater the width the better the price. No one wants it less than six inches or an average below eight. Other things be- ing all right, a ten-inch average makes a lot that sells readily at a top price. It requires a lot not less than twenty-six inches to make a profitable lot. It requires the best of machinery, all the appliances and the most skillful handling, and then there isa large loss of timber. INDICATOR FOR SHAFT REVOLUTIONS. MONG the mechanisms of utility lately described, is a small instrument which shows the number of revolutions of a shaft by means of two hands traversing a dial similar to that of a watch, the longer hand indi- cating the units and tenths of revolution and the smaller the hundreds. In order to make error in reading im- possible, whether the shaft be running in one direction or the other, asimple method is resorted to, which con- sists in placing the dial plate carrying the numbers un- der a perforated plate, the numbers on the dial showing through the perforations. There are two sets of num- bers on the dial plate, one set reading from right to left and the other from left to right, so that, should the shaft move from right to left, the figures on the dial move automatically so as to come under the perforations, while if the shaft move in the other direction the other set of figures show through the perforations. After read- ing the number of revolutions, the hands could be quick- ly brought to zero by opening the case and turning a knob. The spindle of the revolution counter is projected by the watch ring so that the instrument can be carried in the pocket, as in the case of a watch, without injury to the clothing, this portability and the extreme sim- plicity of the operation of the instrument constituting its special advantages. a Subscribe for the CANADA LUMBERMAN, $1 per year. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN SS ee See 6 eee TALKS WITH WOOD-WORKERS. ‘THE arrangement of the machinery of a mill is a * matter of practical import to wood-workers. I have come across some sensible thoughts on this ques- tion which will, I believe, be appreciated by my readers. x EX ge aX It makes no difference how small a mill is if it is not overcrowded with machines. The great trouble general- ly is that mill men ate too greedy to get a large number of machines when they have not room to put them in, so that they are in each other’s way. This is not the case with wood-working mills especially, but as we are in the wood-working business we had better not branch out into any other, for fear we shall make a mis- take somewhere. There is some excuse for planing machines being crowded, for we can push their work entirely out of the building, and if there is a convenience for getting the stock up to the machines we can get along very well if they are close together. The chances are, however, that in crowded mills the planers quite as often as any, come in for their full share of inconveni- ence from being too close together. In years gone by mill men had to have large floor space to lay down their work for the matcher, but now when everything is sawed to stock width, we can dispense with some of this room and set machines nearer together without much incon- venience. The common tendency, however, is to crowd to set it down on the floor and not have it touch any- thing. They do not stop to think that all the machines that are run should have free space and good light. No one can see to set a machine up well where there is poor and insufficient light. It should have good light, that the operator may see that the work comes out nice as it runs through, and may not be obliged to carry his work to some near or distant window to look at it. Band saws are frequently put in some out of the way place. There is but one way to put in and arrange ma- chines, and the plan should be made at the same time the drawings tor the mill are made. The man knows what kind and the amount of work he expects to do, and he can sit down and arrange every piece of machinery before the building is erected. In fact, it should be so done. Plan your building to accommodate your machines and not to crowd them into it. Ofcourse, as is many times the case, a company may buy a building already erected. Then it must take its chances and do the best it can. As a general thing, it is far better to build your own mill and arrange the machinery so that it shall be situated in the most convenient manner that you can devise. The importance of this method cannot be over- estimated. The extra cost of each day of handling the stock makes in the aggregate a large expense account, which makes the proprietor wonder why his mill cannot be run as cheaply as his neighbor’s. The latter, by con- - - “ru ” Marcu, 1895 NEW BRUNSWICK CROWN LANDS. R. EDWARD JACK writes as follows of the crown lands of New Brunswick : Within the past few years there bas been a great and noticeable improvement in the management of the crown lands of the Province, as compared with former periods. Timber lands are not now heing sold. On the contrary they and their products are being jealously guarded, and disposed of in the manner most profitable, and at the sanie time most beneficial to the Province. The Free Grant Act is being much more wisely admin- istered than in former years, care being now taken to preserve the timber lands intact, as far as it is possible todoso. The system of twenty-five year leases, renew- able every year, which the Government has lately ad- opted, is working remarkably well. Under that system a very great deal more land than formerly is under lease, and the provincial revenues are thereby largely in- creased. I think the Province must now have as much as 5,500 square miles under lease. (This is, of course, a mere guess.) From these miles the Government is in receipt of an annual rental of $4 per square mile, which will be a source of permanent revenue for a great many years. The holders of these long leases are showing 4 great deal more care in the protection and preservation of the land and lumber, than they were accustomed to exhibit under the old system of short term licenses. The - machines too close together, and the cost of handling stock is very largely increased in consequence.” KK K- XK Men too often think that because they have a lot of machines in their mills they can do a great amouut of work, never taking into serious consideration the cost of getting the stock to and from the machines. In the matter of moulding machines, it is too often the case that the stock has to be carried to the machine piece by piece and taken away in the same manner. There might be some excuse for this if we had but little to do, but where machines are doing a laige amount of stock work, they should be located that loads of stock, either from teams or floor trucks (which are far the most pre- ferable) can be laid down or left, as in the case of using floor trucks, so the feeder can get them easily. In set- ing machines too close together we have to resort to the ~ plan of carrying up one or two pieces at a time, and this, with machines that are feeding 75 or more feet per minute, is slow and costly work, and smacks not of the rush style that we must adopt to keep up with the times. “Laying down floors” for the matcher is one of the “way back” systems which have given place to some- thing better and quicker ; but that does not warrant crowding in machines so that we shall have to run over one to get to another. Sn) AEX A great many mill men seem to think that they can put a moulding machine anywhere, so that there is room . J. B. SNOWBALL’s MILLs aT CHATHAM, N. B. veniently handling his lumber in the mill, makes a per- centage of profit where the former loses and eventually go to the wall. Men manufacturing light work can crowd their machines more closely together, if the work is so arranged that it can be passed from one to the other without extra carrying. Re Oe Si It needs the nicest calculation to arrange the different kinds of machines so that a shop or mill can be run at the least expense, and this reduction of expense is made positively necessary from the fact that lumber workers, like men in every kind of business, have cut prices to the lowest notch. If lumber working mills were benevo- lent institutions, we might not advocate doing the work as cheaply as possible, but ‘“‘ necessity is the mother of invention,” and we must devise some means whereby we shall save a margin of profit on the investment. No other plan sems so natural and easy of accomplishment as arranging the machinery in your mill so that the work can be done economically. No one person can make plans for each mill and shop. Each individual owner must take the subject into serious consideration and make a study of it, as the officers of a railroad do in making out their tine-tables so that every train shall meet in the right place. Jas. Increasing the diameter of a bearing increases the fric- tion, and increasing its length reduces the pressure per square inch, but does not alter the amount of friction. reason is, of course, apparent to every one. The licen- sees have now some kind of a-substantial interest in the land. In addition to the improvements just mentioned, there have been more surveys of lumber leases made during the past year, than for many years previous, with the result that wherever these surveys were made upon lands which were not formerly under lease, the lumber- men have come in and applied for licenses. Any ex- pense that the Government has incurred in this connec- tion has been amply repaid and justified by the results. A singular instance of the benefit resulting from the making of such surveys occurred on the Restigouche, where upwards of one hundred square iniles were liter- all discovered—that is to say, errors in previous surveys were disclosed whereby that much additional area of timber lands was made available to the Government for licensing. This new found land was, I think, all applied for and taken up, with the result that $800 of new rev- enue went into the Government treasury in the shape of_ bonuses; and there will be, in addition, $400 or more of a constant annual revenue therefrom. Much more surveying should, however, be carried on at once; and more extended examinations should be made into the situation and character of our fertile pub- lic lands. Former Governments totally disregarded the best interests of the country, when they located to set- tlers spruce and hemlock lands which were never in-, tended for settlement. MARCH, 1895. TESTS OF CANADIAN TIMBER, STRENGTH oF DoucLas Fir, RED PINE, WHITE PINE AND SPRUCE. N encouraging feature of the lumber trades is the consideration lumbermen are giving to forestry proposals, and the ascertaining, by scientific methods, of the enduring qualities of timber. It is not to have been expected, in a new country, such as this, that at the outset men who invested their capital in forest products, would have much thought outside of the commercial return that would come to them from the investments thus made. Immersed in the cares of business, material things have necessarily commanded a large share of attention. In Canada ana the United States, however, we have reached a period when lumbermen have come to the conclusion that, rich as are these countries in timber re- sources, yet there can be an end to these riches. Con- sequently, more lumbermen to-day than at any other time, are thinking along the line of reforestation. We are free to admit that this interest grows slowly, but it is growing. So it is in the matter of testing the proper- ties of timber grown in the woods. It is worth some- thing to the lumber trade to know by scientific experi- ments just what is the degree of endurance and practical utility of the leading woods of the country. By know- ledge of this kind, fresh markets can be opened up, and our own woods placed to uses that are not common to them to-day. The Forestry Department of Agriculture in the United States 1s giving considerable attention to this question, and during the present congress an appro- priation of $40,000 was made that investigations in this direction might be made. Perhaps our Government has been too busy paying out money for sundry royal commissions to touch anything so material as lumber. But it is pleasing to know that within the educational institutions of the land, there are those who have given careful thought, and, out of their experience, made known to the public the strength of the leading woods of the Dominion. Before us at the present writing is an exhaustive paper prepared by Mr. Henry T. Bovey, M. Inst. C. E., L. L. D., giving statements of results obtained in vari- ous experiments made to ascertain the strength of Canadian Douglas fir, red pine, white pine and spruce. Mr. Bovey is at the head of the technical department of McGill University, Montreal, Que., and the experiments made have extended over a period of two years. DOUGLAS FIR. Douglas fir of British Columbia is the first timber dealt with, and some of the experiments made were from beams sent to the Montreal Testing Laboratory by Mr. John Kennedy, chief engineer of the Montreal Ha1- bor Works. It will be remembered by readers of the CANADA LUMBERMAN that within the past two or three years some of the finest Douglas fir timbers grown on the Pacific coast were shipped to Montreal to be used in harbor improvements. During the journey of these woods from Vancouver to Montreal, their immense length and size generally, as well as magnificent appearance, produced comment at many of the stations along the line, when en route. Other timbers of the same kind were forwarded to the Laboratory’ by the British Columbia Mills Timber and Trading Co., through its manager, Mr. C. M. Beecher. We shall not attempt in the present comments to give with any de- gree of detail the results recorded by Mr. Bovey, as this would mean much more space than we have at our dis- posal just now. Briefly summarized, however, the writer of the paper in question states that the following data may be adopted in practice. In the case of specially se- lected timber, free from knots, with sound, clear and “straight grain, and cut out of the log at a distance from the heart : Average weight in lbs. per cubic foot = 4o. Average co-efficient of elasticity in lbs. per sq. in.= 2,000,000. Average maximum skin stress in lbs. per sq. in. =9,000. Safe working skin stress in Ibs. per sq. in. = 3,000. In the case of first quality timber, such as is ordinarily found in the market : - Average weight in lbs. per cubic ft. = 34. Average co-efficient of elasticity in lbs. per sq. in.= 1,430,000. Average maximum skin stress in lbs. per sq. in. =6,000, Safe working skin stress in lbs. per sq. in.=2,000. Certain experiments were made from old Douglas fir, and it is remarked that the results obtained in the ex- periments with the old stringers show that the strength of the timber had been retained to a very large extent, and that the rotting had not extended to such a depth below the skin as to sensibly affect the efficiency of the sticks, which still possess ample strength for the work they were designed to do. The tensile shearing and compressive experiments upon specimens cut out of dif- ferent parts of the same log all show that the timber near the heart possesses much less strength and stiffness than timber at a distance from the heart. The accompanying photograph is given to show the variation of thickness in the growth rings from the heart outward, and a careful study of the results obtained up to date would seem to indicate that the best classifica- tion defining the strength of the timber would be found by dividing the section of a log into three parts by means of two circles, with the heart as the centre, and by designating the central portion as 3rd quality, the portion between the two circles as 2nd quality, and the outermost portion as ist quality. RED PINE. Experiments made with red pine from timbers secured in the neighborhood of the Bonnechere River, Nipissing district, county Renfrew, are summarized as follows: The aveiage weight in lbs. per cubic foot=34.61 ; average co-efficient of elasticity in lbs. per sq. in.=1,520,056 ; average maximum skin stress in lbs. per sq. in.= 5,370. In general, the following data may be adopted in practice: Average weight in lbs. per cubic foot = 34.6 ; average co-efficient of elasticity in lbs. per sq. in.=1,- 430,000 ; average maximum skin stress in lbs. per sq. in.=5,100 ; average safe working skin stress in Ibs. per sq. In. =1,700, 3 being a factor of safety. WHITE PINE. The beams used as tests in white pine were cut out of one large piece of square pine made and taken out in the Gatineau Valley, Ottawa county. The timber was brought down via the Gatineau and Ottawa rivers to Montreal, and remained in the water until late in the tal! of 1892, when it was piled on the land for winter sawing. Three old white pine stringers were also sent to the Laboratory. These had been in service since 1885, for about eight years. The summary of the results obtained for white pine is as follows: For new timber, the average weight in lbs. per cubic foot=37.88 ; aver- age co-efficient of elasticity in Ibs. per sq. in.=754,265 ; average maximum skin stress in lbs. per sq. in=3,388. The following data are suggested for practice: The average weight in lbs. per cubic foot = 37.8 ; average co- efficient of elasticity in lbs. per sq. in.=754,000; aver- age maximum skin stress in lbs. per sq. in.=3,300 ; average safe working skin stress in lbs. per sq. in., 3 being a factor of safety, = 1,100. SPRUCE. The stick of spruce sent to the Laboratory for experi- ment was cut out of a tree felled near the Skeena River B. C., about 600 miles north of Victoria. It is remarked as a possible item of interest that the freight for this beam from Claxton to Victoria was $4.; from Victoria to Vancouver, $2; from Vancouver to Montreal, $46., and the cartage to the University, $4, making a total cost for freight of $56. It is said that spruce from the THE CANADA LUMBERMAN é Skeena district is of specially fine quality, having a clear straight gain, and possessing a large amount of tough- ness. The old spruce used for tests came from the Sherbrooke district, and had been used in the construc- tion of a bridge near Lennoxville in the winter of 1886- 87, and had been in service until the summer of 1894, or fora period of about 8 years. The experiments with spruce have not been as complete as Mr. Bovey would have liked, but he says the old spruce stringers were found to possess ample strength and stiffness for the work they were designed to do. The experiment gave: 29.15 lbs. as the average weight per cubic foot ; 1,189,- 800 Ibs. as the average co-efficient of elasticity ; 3,875 Ibs. as the average maximum skin stress per sq. in. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH. The experiments to determine the compressive strength of the various timbers have been chiefly made with col- umns cut out of the sticks already tested transversely. These columns were in the first place carefully examined, to see that they had suffered no injury. The following inferences may be drawn : (1). The compressive strength of Douglas fir and of other soft timbers is much less near the heart than at a distance from the heart. The compressed strength of the timber increased with the density of the annular rings. (2). When knots are present in a timber column, the column will almost invariably fail at a knot, or in conse- quence Of the proximity of a knot. (3). Any imperfection, as, for example, a small hole made by an ordinary cant-hook, tends to induce an in- cipient bending or crippling. (4,) When the failures of average specimens commence at an initial bending the compressive strength of columns of about 10 to 25 diameters in length agree very well and the results obtained by Gordon’s formula, the co- efficient of direct compressive strength per sq. in. being 6,000 tbs. for Douglas fir and 5,000 Ibs. for white pine. (5.) The greatest care should be observed in avoiding obliqueness of grain in columns, as the effective bearing area, and therefore also the strength, are considerably diminished. (6.) If the end bearings are not perfectly flat and par- allel, the columns will in all probability fall by bending concave to the longest side. (7.) The average strength per sq. in., indifferent of the ratio of length to diaméter is : 5,974 tbs. for new Douglas fir ; 6,265 tbs. for old Douglas fir ; 4,067 Ibs. for new red pine ; 3,843 lbs. for new white pine; 2,772 lbs. for old white pine ; 3,617 ths. for new spruce, (B. C.) ; 5,136 tbs. for old spruce. It should be pointed out that none of the old Douglas fir columns exceeded 4.4 diameters in length, while the great majority of the new Douglas fir columns were from 4 to 25 diameter in length. This ex- plains the reason of the greater average compressive strength of the old Douglas fir, and similar remarks apply to the new and old spruce. Interesting experiments were also made directed to the comparison of the tensile sirength and stiffness of portions of the same stick, in different positions relatively to the heart. PROFIT IN LITTLE THINGS. T is a well known business fact that many large buyers reclassify and reselect car load lots of lumber and find a profit inso doing. But there are many of the smaller mills that would find a large profit in doing the same. The small country mill can discover from his stock some as fine quality of extra quarter-sawed oak as can be turned out by the best and most improved methods of cutting. There is no possible way in which an oak log can be sawed without producing some quarter- ed pieces. If the mill man will carefully select these and pile them by themselves he will in time have on hand a supply of first-class stock of dry quartered oak that will bring him in some extra money without having impaired the grade of the general stock. It is worth trying, at least. The Savanne Lumber Co., Penetanguishene, Ont., are applying for incorporation with a capital stock of $48,000, for the purpose of building and operating mills for the manufacture of lumber, etc. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH Ss Cc. H. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy: One Year, “in advance |. i..coupdecracscean.eceoedtene $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ................ 0... -0ee000e 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue CANADA LUMBERMAN is published in the intcr topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations, Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetri * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the Canapa LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- snents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues-or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. AUSTRALIAN HARDWOODS. EXPORTERS of timber in Australia are making special efforts to secure a market for their woods in Great Britain. At the present time Mr. Gaven Scott, representing one of the largest firms in Sydney, is in England with this purpose in view. He has visited the leading cities of England and Scotland, and also journeyed to Brussels, Antwerp, Hamburg, Paris and other continental cities. A report sent home to his house states that he has met with much encouragement and he expresses the opinion that there is a good prospect of Australian hardwood sleepers taking the place of the timbers now in use. In Manchester large orders have already been given firms in Western Australia for a supply of Jarrah for wood blocking, and Mr. Scott is endeavoring to have some of the New South Wales hardwood blocks laid along- side the Jarrah blocks so that an experiment can be made as to how the different timbers wear. In Liver- pool Canadian deals are used quite largely for street paving, and it is not unlikely that they will also meet the competition from Australia. It is stated that 75,000 railway sleepers are renewed annually in England, and it is from this source that Mr. Scott hepes to see a large trade in Australian woods develop. As we have taken occasion in these columns to remark before, there is a wonderous durability about certain Australian woods, rendering them proof against the ravages of various in- sects, and also of climatic conditions. An illustration of the durability of Australian hardwoods, and particu- larly of iron bark, is furnished by some of the piles which are being removed in connection with the im- provements on the western side of the Circular Quay, Sydney. These piles have been in the ground about 4o years, and many of them are nearly as sound as when they were first put down. The piles consist chiefly of red and grey iron bark ; both have lasted well, but the former rather better than the latter. To so slight an ex- tent are some of these piles injured that they will be used for temporary work at other points. A few of the iron bark piles have been superficially attacked by the toredo, but this destroying pest, after burrowing for about one- half an inch, seems to have turned back and abandoned the piles. Specimen slices from these piles are being forwarded to the forestry department to be placed in the forestry museum, and also to be sent to England and other countries to illustrate the durability of New South Wales hardwoods. WHY DEFRAUDED SOMETIMES. COMPLAINT keeps reaching us of the sharp practices of lumbermen who want to get ahead of some one in their purchases of lumber. One device or another is employed to do the mill owner or wholesaler out of a part of his shipment, if not the whole of it. We learned the other day of a wholesaler in Toronto who received a cheque from a concern across the border, to whom a carload of lumber had been forwarded, where some $8 or $10 had been coolly deducted from the amount of cheque without any satisfactory explanation being made, whilst the cheque was very cunningly worded “ in full of account.” The man who will play tricks of this kind needs to be watched, and we hope that the trade will quickly get on to all such. Right here we take occasion again to say that the dif- ferent members of the trade could be protected against this kind of fraud if they were only organized so that each one might know who were the dishonest ones. There is, however, another side to the story. Some one has remarked, “There is never a shark without a corres- ponding sucker.” We don’t feel sorry for some men getting let in occasionally, for they have deserved noth- ing better. Their keenness to make another dollar or two has led them to sell lumber at a price sufficiently in advance of the best price going to have told them that either the man who bought at such a figure did not know his business, and consequently, sooner or later, would come short inhis payments, or else all he wanted was to get the lumber into his hands and let the dealer whistle for his pay. Everybody is anxious to do business in these days of slow trade, but far better for a man to keep his lumber in his yard, though he might need the money ever so badly, than ship it away and be minus lumber and money. Care, caution and common sense ought to be exer- cised in filling any order for lumber when it comes from a stranger. Learn of the man’s financial responsibility ; further, ascertain something about his business ability, and whether he is a straight or a crooked man. In this way we will find the community minus both shark and sucker, and the trade will be the better for this. WHITE PINE PROSPECTS. NOT a few of the more thoughtful lumbermen, whose operations are largely in white pine, have been asking themselves the question, what really is the future of white pine? All recognize the premier position, which in many respects, this wood holds, and yet they know that various elements, foreign to the situation in the past, are show- ing themselves of late. The Timbeiman hasa carefully- written article along these lines, starting out with the assumption that it looks as though ordinary white pine timber had been pushed to too high a price. The re- flections of our contemporary are as tollows :— “The great advance in white pine prices came after the census of 1880 was made public, with the misleading statistics incorporated therein concerning the amount of standing pine timber in the Northwest. The effect of these erroneous figures was modified by the disclosure of their real worthlessness, but an impetus was given to the advance in the value of pine timber which could not be entirely checked ; and prices have gone up from that time to this, not even the depression of the last two years having had much effect on them. “In this boom—for such it was to a large extent—too little attention was paid to the real worth of the timber. White pine was white pine, and many purchases were made with little regard to the amount of Norway which would be found in the tract or the amount of piece stuff timber in the white pineitself. It hardly occurred to the white pine lumbermen of twelve or fourteen years ago that that wood could have any competitor for any pur- pose whatsoever, and they felt as confident of the supre- macy of white pine piece stuff as they did of uppers. But times have changed. White pine uppers are in as good - ries, Marcu, 1895 ry demand as ever, as shown by the prices maintained, re- — gardless of the value of other portions of the price list But the proportion of uppers in the total cut is constantly decreasing, and the lower grades are meeting competi- tion on all sides. “In piece stuff southern pine occupies a constantly in- creasing field, and the white pine must come down in- stead of the yellow pine advancing in price, for the reason that yellow pine, though comparatively new in the northern markets, is in almost unlimited supply, and is being pushed with the advantage of low stumpage value right into the white pine field proper. There’s where the rub comes in. We know of northern timber, includ- ing Norway as well as white pine, which represents to its holders, including original cost, taxes and interest, from $6 to $7 a thousand, and yet which runs largely to low grades. The piece stuff and other low grade stock cut from this timber has to compete with the better quality cut from the southern timber that represents at the outside $1 a thousand stumpage. “Freight rates, of course, have their influence, but fer equal hauls, the southern mills have the advantage ; and in any event, the difference in the cost of the timber will more than make amends for any differences there may be. “Tt seems therefore questionable whether the average white pine timber, as it is now found, is worth what it is held at. There is no question as to uppers or as to the value of the better kind of logs, but many of the operators in the lower parts of the white pine field, who are cutting perhaps the second or third time over their land, might as well face this condition now as later.” This view of the situation is not entirely new to Cana- dian lumbermen, and has been referred to in these columns before. None the less, however, is it deserving of careful thought at this time. The fact that the refer- ence is to United States white pine does not lessen its” value to lumbermen in Canada whose interests are closely allied with those of their congeners to the south. NORTHERN TIMBER DISTRICTS. THE northern districts of Ontario are commanding more than usual attention at the present time. By these we mean that section of territory in the vicinity of North Nipissing, Eastern Algoma and Rainy River. Persons who have visited these territories lately have taken oc- casion, through the press, to draw attention to the rich resources of that section of the province. We find that not the least of these resources is the timber. Lumber- men know something of the timber to be found in the Nipissing district, and further north, but we fancy that few comprehend the fullness of the lumber riches of those territories. A pamphlet of nearly 100 pages, pre- pared under instructions from the Commissioner of Crown Lands, serves to convey a large amount of infor- mation of this country. c It is pointed out that Algoma and Nipissing districts — and the Temiscamingue settlement are in that belt of the world which has ever been the most famous for the pro- duction of grasses, vegetables, fruits and cereals, and— men. A dense forest covers the whole of the land. Pine, of course, is found in large quantities, but the tim- ber resources are in no way confined only to pine. Great quantities of pulp wood are found there, to an ex- tent that it is hardly possible to readily calculate. In hardwoods the territory is very rich, and noting what has been remarked in another column on the uses of hardwood for flooring, fencing, and many other purposes not formerly adopted, extra interest is given to this country from the lumberman’s point of view. Black birch is found there, and of a size which aston- ishes persons familiar with the tree farther south. Specimens of two to three feet in diameter are common. _ This wood, as lumbermen are learning to know, is prov- ing a very general substitute for cherry. White birch also grows in the same district to a large size, and it is to be remarked that this is not the same species of birch that grows as a small tree over the eastern provinces and New England, but is a large straight-growing tree, furnishing sheets of bark sometimes large enough in a single sheet to make a good-sized canoe. White cedar is common to the district, and grows to a large size. Let it be remembered that the consump- tion of cedar runs into large quantities, used for fence THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 Marcu, 1895 posts, building posts, sidewalks, railway ties, telegraph poles, paving blocks and many other purposes, and is therefore a forest product of real value to lumbermen. — Hemlock is native to these territories, but is reported to be of poor quality. The commonest tree in the north is poplar, and because of its great value for pulp wood it must rank as an important timber] resource of the dis- trict, Tamarac, which is useful for railway ties and ship timber, as well as joists and rafters, is one of the native trees of these parts. Beech is also found to some extent. White and red oak grow in that part of Canada. Maple, elm, basswood and white ash, all woods: that are in in- creasing value, complete a catalogue that makes this northern district of Ontario a territory that is worth the consideration of lumberinen, and provides another illus- tration of the wealth to be found quite within the precincts of this one province of Confederation. The importance of the Rainy River and Lake of the -Woods district to lumbermen has recently come into fresh notice through the explorations of certain Chicago capitalists, who are just now endeavoring to effect an arrangement to secure the entire lumber cut of that dis- trict. This at present, with the mills located at Rat Portage, Norman and Keewatin, is about 100,000,000 feet ayear. These prospective operators believe that this amount can be easily quadrupled if anticipated railway connections can be made with the Western States. EDITORIAL NOTES. A DAILY paper attempts to create a sensation by de- scribing the lumber camps of northern Ontario as unfit places for human beings to live in. This kind of non- sense is sometimes accepted by people who know nothing of the subject discussed. Those who have a knowledge of the matter are ready to tell of the wonderful progress made in logging life in the past few years. In primitive days shantymen had many hardships to endure, just as was the case with the pioneer agriculturist. But to-day the gulf between life in the shanty, and life at home is not very great. As a shantyman of 22 years’ experience has said: “Visit some of the camps in Muskoka, ex- amine them carefully, and you would admit that com- pared to some habitations in your clean city, they are models of cleanliness. And the board furnished will cempare favorably with many hotels in Toronto.” THE growing demand for hardwoods is one of the noticeable features of the lumber business in these later days. Hardwoods we have had all along, but the lumber dealer has not usually considered that these have cut any large figure in trade history. Opinion is chang- ing. White pine still exists in considerable quantity, but changes are coming over the trade. Better grades of white pine are becoming scarce—to a larger extent, perhaps, than some realize. This is a condition of the trade that is general to the white pine districts, not only of Canada, but of the United States. The annual pro- duct of white pine, a contemporary has remarked, is not lessened, except temporarily, but the proportion of the better grades is rapidly growing smaller. An outcome of these changes is already indicated in the call there is for hardwoods te be used, where before they were not known, and also is indicated in increased activity this season in the cutting of hardwoods in Michigan, Minne- sota and even Ontario, the great white pine districts of the country. A REPORT of the annual meeting of the Western Re- tail Lumbermen’s Association of Manitoba and the Northwest, which we publish elsewhere in this issue, furnishes another object lesson of the value of lumber- men binding themselves together in a trade organization. This association has now been in existence for several years, and each year’s experience makes more manifest the value of the lumbermen of these territories being organized inthismanner We have now in the Maritime Provinces and the Northwest two distinct lumbermen’s organizations. It seems timely to suggest that Ontario might fall into line somewhat .shortly. All over the United States during the past month lumbermen have been meeting in their annual gatherings, and a careful perusal of the reports of these meetings emphasize the same lesson that is noted here, and which we have been hammering at from time to time for a number. of years. How long, yes how long, shall we continue to wait for a further development in this direction? From the business and social side these lumbermen associations are doing an excellent work. THERE is more in being a lumberman than simply buy- ing and selling timber products. These are important departments of every business, and the condition of the balance sheet will rest to no small extent on the skill and care shown in both these transactions. But money is made in the lumber business in other ways as well. We have been pleased to note the interest shown in the various articles of a practical character that appear in these columns at different times. It will not be out of place to say here that the CANADA LUMBERMAN has been anxious to make its monthly edition strong in this one particular, and we have reason to be- lieve that readers appreciate and value the journal on this account. An article along these lines, that has commanded the attention of readers is that on stacking lumber published in the February issue. We are glad to supplement this by a contribution this month from. one of our readers, in which are made some sensible suggestions, the experience of one who has made good use of wide opportunities to observe just how mill men throw away good money sometimes. Because all the surroundings of a saw mill may not be as complete and in as tasty form as those to be found in the counting houses of large city concerns, this is no reason why decency and order, system and care, should not be exercised in these places. What this correspondent says of carelessness in the lumber yard can be supple- mented by remarks of carelessness in the office. It is the little leaks that ruin the biggest business, and these little leaks come from slovenliness in method more perhaps than in any other way. RED CEDAR SHINGLES. A NOT unfrequent subject of comment with the trade is the British Columbia red cedar shingles. The matter comes before me in one shape or another constantly as I meet with lumbermen. Two months ago the views were published in these pages of an Ontario lumberman, who held with tenacity to the opinion that red cedar shingles, because kiln dried, would prove disappointing in Ontario. Mr. J. G. Scott, of the Pacific Coast Lumber Co., New Westminster, B. C., replied to these criticisms in last month’s LUMBERMAN. I have had the privilege within the past week to meet Mr. Scott, whois on a visit to Ontario just now. He has unbounded faith in the red cedar shingle of the Pacific Coast and is ready to dem- onstrate that the nature of the wood is such that it will prove itself impervious to Ontario rains or sunshine. The wood is possessed of most endurable characteristics, illustrated in object lessons that no one can question. He was frank in saying that it is possible that by careless kiln drying these shingles may be injured, but when a proper kiln is used and the necessary care is taken, the kiln dried shingle will stand all that is claimed for it from either wind or weather. I noticed in the last number of the Puget Sound Lumberman, that the shingles of that region have been criticized because of defects in manu- facture. But inno case can the shingle itself, when carefully manutactured, be fairly made chargeable with the imperfections that are sometimes placed on the slate against it. This is the claim of Mr. Scott and other manufacturers of the Coast, supported by a pretty thor- ough knowledge of the subject. ELI. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN’S NEW YEAR SUBSCRIBERS. AS a tangible evidence of the growing appreciation of the CANADA LUMBERMAN by persons engaged in the lumbering and wood-working industries, we append the names and addresses of new subscribers received since the opening of the present year :— Barrow Bay Lumber Co., Barrow Bay, Ont. Louis Lahay, Kearney, Ont. Bowen Smith, Cocaigne. Richard Lockhardt, Riversdale, Ont. H. Calcutt, Peterboro’, Ont. Bain Bros. Mnfg. Co. Brantford, Ont. Dominion Art Woodwork Mnfg. Co., Toronto Junction. Canadian Bank of Commerce, Collingwood, Ont. Cook & Goetz, Dashwood, Ont. _ John M, Beyers, Germania, Ont. Blind River Lumber Co., Blind River, Ont. N. Wenger & Bro,, Ayton, Ont. Jos. Williams, Goderich. J. Taylor, Chatsworth, Ont. Neill & Simpson, Lindsay, S. Schryer, Ridgetown, Ont. McCall & Mason, St. Williams, Ont. John Anderson, Toronto. James Walsh, Toronto. W. H. Stubbs, Toronto. Todhunter, Mitchell & Co., Toronto. J. J. Gartshore, Toronto. Wm. Lees, Fall Brook, Ont. Mrs. K. L. Lowndes, Midland, Ont. Jacob Lawrence & Sons, Watford, Ont. Sauble Falls Lumber Co., Sauble Falls, Ont, W. H. Johnston, Pefferlaw, Ont. M, F. Beech & Co., Winchester, Ont. W. J. Cummings, Spencerville, Ont. The S. Hadley Lumber Co., Chatham, Ont. Isaac Rutherford, Dobbington, Ont. Bidwell Way, Hamilton, Ont. J. D. McEachren, Galt, Ont. D, O'Connor, Jr:, Ottawa, Ont. Robert Allan, Mississippi Station, Ont. R. A. Stark, Owen Sound, Ont, J. S. Pinch, Owen Sound, Ont. V. E. Traversey & Co., Montreal, Que. John Harrison, Owen Sound, Ont. John Nicol, Nicolston, Ont. Samuel Hotel, Clifford, Ont. Daniel Forsythe, Claremont, Ont. John Cooper & Son, Bloomfield, Ont. M. Gillespie & Co., Alvinston, Ont. Davies & Dean, Richard’s Landing, Ont. Jas. McCartney, South River, Ont. J. R. Vanfleet, Brantford, Ont. D. P. Sicklesteel, McGregor, Ont. J. R. Richardson, Walker's, Ont. Knight Bros., Burk’s Falls, Ont. Weaver & Lewis, Hope Bay, Ont. Thomas Ebbage, Acton, Ont. J. T. Kerr, Iona Station, Ont. Neibergall Stone & Lumber Co., Staples, Ont. Geo, Gordon, Sturgeon Falls, Ont. J. D. Stewart, Matane, Que. Estate of Ross Bros, Buckingham, Que. Emile Dubé, Riviére Du Loup Station, Que. W. E. Edwards & Co., Six Portages, Ont. V. Gladiv, St. Francois du Lac, Que. C. W. Taylor, Cookshire, Que. C. H, Parker, Scotstown, Que. J. D. Sowerby, Oak Bay Mills, Que. Alex. Scott, Buckingham, Que. Robertson & McCallum, Barachois de Mal Bay, Que. E. H. Lemay, Montreal. Dominion Leatherboard Co., Montreal, Que. Cassidy, Bonner & Co., Montreal, Que. W. H. Murray, St. John, N. B. Jarvis Wilson, St. John, N. B. W. H. Duffy, Hillsboro’, N. B. Thos. Power, Newcastle, N. B. A. & D. Loggie, Church Point, N. B. Finley & McDonald, Blackville, N. B. Hugh McLean, Brigg's Corners, N. B. Jos. A. Likely, St. John, N. B. A. E. Alexander, Campbeilton, N. B. Andre Cushing & Co., St. John, N. B. A, & W. Ogden, Sackville, N. B. Michael Welsh, Glassville, N. B. Clarke Bros., Bear River, N. S. Wm. Chisholm, Halifax. John Stanford, Chester, Ont. N. J. Raymond, Miteghan Station, N. S. Alfred Dickie, Lower Stewiache, N. S. John Kerr, Franklin, Man. Himes, Penfield & Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Frame & Verge, 11 Centre St., Boston, Mass. Davis & Holmes Co,, Marineth, Wis. Millard Lumber Co., New York, N. Y. Holcomb & Caskey, New York, N. Y. Timothy Cromwell, Boston. New York & Canada Lumber Co., New York, N. Y. C. B. Nichols, Albany, N. Y. Ollie & McKeen, North Tonawanda, N. Y. Moses Prescott, Eastport, Me. Smith, Craig & Co., Albany, N. Y. Taylor & Felin, Philadelphia, Pa. Geo, C. Power, Chicago, III. Second Vice-President, Illinois Central R. R., Chicago, II. Penberthy Injector Co,, Detroit, Mich. M. J. Bourke, Ashland, Wis. Poole & Hotchkiss, Buffalo, N. Y. David Ross, Whitemouth, Man. If any reader of this numberof the: LUMBERMAN is not a subscniber, he is invited to forthwith join the pro- cession of those who know a good thing when they see it, and, like them, show his appreciation in a tangible way. To persons having anything to sell to owners of saw and planing mills, or lumber merchants, the advertisement pages of this journal afford the most direct and economical medium through which to reach these classes in every part of the Dominion. ry os » * ay od 4 Marcu, 1895 4 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] A PIECE of good news to lumbermen here is the guarantee of the United States Senate of an issue of $70,000,000 bonds for the building of the Nicaragua Canal. As I have intimated in this correspondence at different times the building of this canal, thereby shortening our export route to Great Britain nearly one half, is a most important undertaking for the lumber trade. The Brunette Saw Mills Co. are in receipt of a car load of machinery for their mill here. The firm of George Cassidy & Co., Ltd., Vancouver, capital stock, $200,000, has been incorporated with Edwin B. Morgan, George Cassidy and George J. Wilson as trustees. A warning to those who are given to stealing logs is found in the case of A. Benoist, who has been sentenced to six months with hard labor for stealing logs from the Brunette Saw Mills Co. ‘ The customs return of British Columbia show the export of the forest of the month of January to be as follows: Victoria $2,502; Wancouver, $20,855; New Westminster $10,164, making a total of $33,521. At the annual meeting of the shareholders of the Brunette Saw mills Co., the following were elected officers for the cur- rent year. President, J. Wilson ; sec.-treas., H. L. De Beck; directors, Messrs. J. B. Kennedy, H. Macdonald and J. A. Lewis. General lumber business is not any too brisk, and yet there are some signs of improvement. Recent advices from Aus- tralia show greater activity in trade and a general brightening up on the business horizon. For several years past trade with the Antipodes has been of a most unsatisfactory character, and no one can hope better than ourselves that a change is now likely to take place. The provincial boards of trade are urging the local govern- ment to grant a bonus of $5 to $6 a ton on all wooden ships over 400 tons built in the province. It is stated that the Puget Sound business was mostly done by coasting schooners made on the Sound, and that lumber could be carried cheaper per ton than in foreign iron built boats. It.was less costly to build the wooden boats and they hold more per ton. The suggestion is favorably received in shipping circles. New WESTMINSTER, B.C., Feb. 18, 95. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. ERY little lumber news is to be picked up just now. As seems to have been the case almost everywhere else, the blizzard has paid us a visit here and some very severe weather has been experinced. Taken altogether the weather this season has been favorable to lumbermen, but this last installment of storm will impede matters somewhat. A boom is being given to lumber in the section of the pro- vince through which runs the new Bangor & Aroostock railway. James Hamilton proposes to erect a new saw mill on Strait shore. It will be one of the largest mills on the river, and will be in operation about the Ist of June. An unfortunate accident occurred at McMullin & Winn’s saw mill, Truro, N. S., Feb. 13th, whenan employee, Edward Brenton, was thrown across a circular saw and received injuries from which he died in half an hour. The local government look forward to increased receipts “from stumpage on crown lands this season, because of expected increased operations in the woods. This view was expressed by Provincial Secretary Mitchell in his speech in the legislature a week ago. Last year the receipts from stumpage were $65,401, and from renewals, $29,400 ; in 1893 the amount was $105,000 from stumpage and $18,000 from renewals, The failure of Scammell Bros., of New. York, has some interest here. The firm had a branch office in St. John, and owned a large fleet of wooden vessels. Noting the financial troubles of this concern and also the failure recently of W. J. Davidson, a large shipper, together with other circumstances, the evidence comes home to us that the outlook for shippers in the province is anything but bright. Mr. E. B. Knight, of Knight Bros., Popcum, reports a good outlook for trade in lumber this year. The demand of his firm already is much ahead of a year ago, and the orders on hand now will require 60 days to fill. A number of buildings are go.ng up in Chilliwack and Agassiz and four large bridges are being constructed in Chilliwack, the lumber for which is being supplied by Knight Bros. Word has been received that the steamer Trinidad has just arrived at New York, bringing with her the rescued crew of the Schooner Doine, which left St. John with a load of lumber Jan. 10th. She encountered heavy gales, and while at anchor off Cape Cod on the night of Feb. 6th both anchor chains parted and they were blown off shore. The vessel was at the mercy of the winds until the Trinidad fell in with her. St. Joun, N. B., Feb. 20., 95. MICHIGAN LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] SURVEY of the lumber business at any of the larger lum- ber points of the state do not show any great amount of activity. It is believed that business will open out fairly well in the spring, but what with unsettled monetary conditions and remarkably severe winter weather and storms, so far as the present is concerned business is pretty much at a standstill. The Alpena Spool Works manufactured and shipped last year 21,000,000 spools and 4,000,000 pail handles. It is thought that a larger quantity of logs will be towed from Canada this year than was the case last season. Indications point to increased activity in railroad building. Asa result at Manistee, for example, we hear of mills that have all they can handle in the way of car sill bills. Hon. George H. Williams, one of the oldest lumbermen of the Saginaw district, died on Feb. 12th. He was the oldest son of Gardiner D. Williams, who erected the first saw mill on the Saginaw river. The Diamond Match Co., of Bay City, will likely get out 100,000,000 feet this year. Considerable of their limits suffered through the fires of the past summer, and this fact is forcing them to make a larger cut probably than usual. Henry Moiles who has been operating a mill at Remers, Mecusta county, is putting in 1,500,000 feet of logs. Moiles, it will be remembered, has been an operator to considerable extent inthe Georgian Bay district. This season the mill that he had operated at St. John Island will be under the control of Henry Colclough, and will make a considerable cut. William Peter, of Bay City, who will operate a saw mill in Canada the coming season, will, it is believed, cut most of his logs there and ship his lumber direct to Toledo. Mr. Peter has had a good deal of trouble in the past with dock hands and he will repay them this time by taking away busi- ness that perhaps otherwise would have been done in Bay City. The Tittabawassee Boom Co. are gradually, and very cer- tainly, dropping away from their old time supremacy as lumber forwarders. A yearago the company sold out its interests to a new concern, and now this concern has gone out of existence, selling its plant to Edwin Andrew, who will attend to rafting all the logs which come through that stream next season. The company has rafted more logs than any company which ever had an existence on earth, but its days of usefulness are about ended. SAGINAW, MIcu., Feb. 23, 1895. THE FORESTS OF SIBERIA. | pega an important work on the forests of Russia, recently translated into English, the following inter- esting facts are reproduced. The composition of the Siberian Forest is interesting, as bearing on the future timber supply of the world, and as showing for certain classes of timber, like oak, ash and the best building material, Central Asia, if it 1s ever to become an important seat of population, will have to depend upon the islands of Saghalin and Yezo, and per- haps, too, upon British Columbia and Western Wash- ington and Oregon. The vast forest resources of Siberia are unequally distributed over its enormous territory. The great forests are situated in the north, while the south is nearly treeless. The whole region may be divided into three zones, each distinguished by characteristic features and situated in a direction from east to west. The zone of what is here called “northern tall- stemmed woodlands,” stretches uninterruptedly from the Ural Mountains to the eastern shores of Kamchatka ; on the north it borders on the trundas, the limit of the growth of the larger vegetation, and on the south it extends to the region suitable for agriculture. It is interrupted by large masses of impassable bogs, and is composed of pines, larches and firs. The deciduous trees are few and insignificant, although willows and aspens border the swamps and birches occur in places. This northern forest occupies all that part of Siberia where agriculture is impossible from the deficient quan- tity of heat during the months of vegetable activity. The fixed population is insignificant, and the raising “ of grain sporadic in small spots on its southern border. There are localities, we are told, in this great forest belt, “where for tens and hundreds of versts in eyery direc- tion stand clean plantations of pine, which, with their interlaced summits, hide the sky. Theabsolutely naked trunks, rising perfectly straight to an enormous height, and so monotonous that a man who once chances into such a part of the Siberian tiaga, or even a wild beast, cannot find his way out again. Access to such places is difficult and the timber con- tained in them is so far without value, but with the growth of the population, the improvement of reads and the destruction of the forests in the inhabited parts, means will be found to make use of the now remote forest resources. The scourge of the torests of this 2 zone at the real time is only the forest fires, not infrequently devastating | hundreds of versts. The burned timber is, however, rapidly replaced by young underwood growing ba under the influence of natural selection. “The zone of birch torest covers the whole of the low- lying or so-called steppe portion of Siberia. This zone is occupied by a settled population, and practically coin- cides with the cultivated or agricultural part of Siberia. The principal and only valuable tree in this region is the birch, with a slight admixture of aspens and willows along the banks of rivers. Coniferous trees aré entirely absent. The birch thrives on a chernozion soil, and therefore this zone is the most populated and particularly characteristic of Western Siberia, between the middle course of the Tobol and the upper waters of the Obi. This region embraces the so-called steppes of Ishimsk, Barabinsk and Kurudzhinsk. Although it is usual to understand by the word steppe an absolutely treeless space, in Siberia, with the excep- tion of the whole Kirghiz steppe region, which produces over large areas shrubs used as fuel in the mining works, all the remaining plains are covered more or Jess thickly with birch patches or spinnies, giving the locality a very peculiar appearance. These birch copses, mingling, when viewed at a distance, produce the effect of an un- broken forest. Traversing hundreds and thousands of versts by the Western Siberian tract, the traveller sees everywhere on the horizon as it were, uninterrupted forests. The distribution of birch patches over the steppe surface may for the most part be called ideal, constituting precisely that combination of wood, arable ~ land and pasture which is everywhere and at all times desirable in the interests of agriculture. Thanks alone to this happy disposition of the forests in this part of Siberia, notwithstanding the not wholly favorable atmos- pheric conditions and the mediocre soil, crops and grass thrive well. The forests of the south are confined to the mountain slopes of the ranges which extend in an almost uninter- rupted chain, under various names, from one end of Siberia to the other. In this forest coniferes prevail ; they yield timber of excellent quality, though often diffi- cult to obtain, being remote from centers of habitation and usually confined to steep inaccessible slopes. There — mountain forests, guarding as they do the sources of swift flowing streams, are extremely important in the economies of the country. During the last thirty years the Government of Russia has been paying some attention to the care of the forests of western Siberia. In 1863 in the Governments of Tomsk and Tobolsk, temporary regulations were intro- ducéd@stablishing a tax per stump for the use of wood. Preservation of the forest was imposed upon the rural population, who, in return were allowed to make a free use for their own needs, but not for sale. In 1869 a law was promulgated granting to a corpora- tion the unlimited right of making use of Siberian timber for industrial purposes. Since 1884 the forests of Western Siberia have been placed upon the same footing as that by which the crown forests of European Russia are managed, that is, by a paid forest guard. In Eastern Siberia the inhabitants are still allowed free use of the forests for their needs, and there is as yet no forest control. In the Amur country, where the forests are believed to be extraordinarily varied and val- uable, steps have recently been taken toward ascertain- ing the extent of the crown forests and for bringing them under State control. oe . of 5 } a Si god ee we eee Le ee ee 7 Marcu, 1895 THE NEWS. —Brush & McLean have purchased property at Colchester South, Ont., and will erect a saw mill. —The Gillies Bros. Co. have a gang of millwrights at work thoroughly refitting their mills at Braeside. —The Nichergall Stave & Lumber Co., of Staples, Ont., has been incorporated, with a capital stock of $45,000. —The Richmond Industrial Co., Richmond, Que., are apply- ing for incorporation, with a capital stock of $100,000, to manu- facture woodenware, etc. —Jos. Jacob and J. B. Tremblay have formed a partnership in Montreal as sash and door manufacturers. The style will be J. B. Tremblay & Cie. —The saw mill of F. A. James at Hobart, Ont., has recently been running day and night. Twoself-acting shingle machines are to be added to the mill. —Geo. H. Whitehead and F. D. Whitehead have been registered proprietors of the lumber firm of G.H. & F. D. Whitehead, Waterloo, Que. —An extension is being built to J. R. Booth’s mill at the Chaudiere Falls which will make room for a couple more large saws and materially increase the output next season. —Currie & Craig, of Flower Station, recently cut a tree for the Rathbun Company, which made six logs, the measnre- ment of which were 3,297 feet. In the butt log there were 840 feet. —J. R. Booth, of Ottawa, proposes cutting his lath material longer than the four feet, and is putting in a machine to trim off both ends of the lath after it has been bunched up to exactly the right length. —The A. R. Williams Machinery Co., of Toronto, are ap- plying for incorporation, with a capital stock of $300,000, to manufacture and deal in engines, boilers, motors, and all kinds of machinery and supplies. —Gilmour & Hewson, of Hull, Que., propose enlarging their present boiler house and adding two new flue boilers. They are also putting up an additional smoke-stack to facilitate burning refuse and saw-dust. —The stave mill of H. C. Rees, at South Woodslee, Ont., which was burned a fortnight ago, is to be rebuilt at once, and will be fitted with the latest improved machinery. The boilers were only slightly injured by the fire, but the engines will have to be rebuilt. —Thos. Conlan, the well-known Thorold lumberman, recent- ly returned from his timber limits on the north shore of Mani- toulin Island. He states that this season’s snowfall is the smallest for the past six or seven years, although there is suffi- cient depth for teaming through the woods. —The Liverpool Timber News, of Jan. 26th, says: Mr. Isaac H. Mathers, of Halifax, and Mr. George McKean, of St. John, N. B., are now in England visiting timber importers. They were both shippers, previously, to Messrs. James Smith & Co., Liverpool, who acted as their agents. —The Fredericton, N. B., Boom Co. will, it is said, ask power from the provincial legislature to boom from the foot of Ormocto Island to the eastern shore or the St. Jchn river, and will transfer their operations to that point. The new works will necessitate an expenditure of about $70,000. —Robert Gault, superintendent of the Rathbun’ Company’s operations in the Algoma district, and Mr. S. C. D. Baker, his secretary, have established their headquarters at the Manitou House, Manitowaning, Manitoulin Island. They havealready purchased a vast quantity of railway ties for the Company. —Argument was recently heard by Mr. Justice Street in a suit over the estate of the late Robert Charles Smith, sr., lim- herman, of Port Hope, upon a question as to whether R. C. Smith, jr., Alice Underwood and Charlotte Macbeth, children of the deceased, rank on the estate to the exclusion of five children of a deceased daughter. The estate is valued at $250,000. —C. Beck, of Penetanguishene, Ont., has made arrange- ments with the Waterous Co., of Brantford, for the supplying of a complete band saw mill, to be erected near Savanne, on the C. P. R., where he, in connection with the Hogan Bros. of Wyevale, and Dr. Spohn, under the name of the Savanne Lumber Co,, contemplates extensive lumbering operations. He has also purchased an additional band mill for the New Keene mill and also intends putting a new gang in the Penetang mill. —Wm. Evans, of Deseronto, has received the official appoint- ment as inspector of hulls for the Toronto district, and has com- _ menced his duties. Mr. Evans was born in Kingston in 1849, and first began work as assistant to the clerk of the Edward Berry Shipbuilding Company at Portsmouth, and after a short time commenced his apprenticeship under Mr. Wm. Yeomans, THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 shipbuilder, working at the building of all the ocean ships con- structed by him. There were 32 applicants for the position to which he has been appointed. —The Ontario and Western Lumber Company, which con- trols and operates a big lumbering industry on the Lake of the Woods, with mills at Rat Portage, Keewatin and Norman, has decided to branch out in anew line of manufacture. The com- pany is putting in machinery to equip a first-class box factory on a large scale, with the object of shipping boxes and packing cases. The factory will have all modern machinery, including stamping and printing presses for taking impressions on wood. Heretofore large quantities of box material have been brought in from the East or the United States to supply Winnipeg fac- tories. This will now be unnecessary, asa supply will here- after be obtainable close at hand, from a home industry. CASUALITIES. —While working for the St. Anthony Lumber Co., of Long Lake, John Foley, of Stittsville, Ont., was killed by the falling of a tree. —Richard Pier, an employee of Palmer’s heading mill, at Alvinston, Ont., had his arm caught betweens cogwells recently and badly injured. —William Kerney, logger, was killed near Vancouver, B. C., recently. A tree fell on him inflicting terrible injuries, from which he died. —Samuel Fripp, of Wellington, Ont., was killed recently while cutting down a tree by the falling ofa dead branch. He was struck on the head and died two hours afterwards. —An employee in the planing mill of Messrs. Moffat & Co., Carleton Place, named Peter Miller, got entangled in the ma- chinery and had his leg broken and his ankle badly crushed. —Moise Dubay died at Sudbury, Ont., on the 5th ultimo, from injuries received at the hands of certain lumbermen at Gaudet’s Camp, near Worthington. He was struck with heavy sticks of wood. REMOVAL OF BOILER SCALES. HE great bulk of the solid matter deposited from the feed water, remarks the Locomotive, may be re- moved by frequent and judicious blowing. It cannot all be removed in this manner, however, for where the plates are hot more or less of it is sure to bake on, form- ing the hard, stony layer known as “scale.” : The commonest components of scale are carbonate of lime (limestone) and sulphate of lime (gypsum). Car- bonate of lime seldom forms a stony scale. It may col- lect in large masses and do serious injury to the boiler, but the deposits which it forms are usually lighter and more porous than the corresponding deposits of the sulphate ot lime. Most substances are more soluble in hot water than in cold ; but carbonate of lime is a notable exception to this rule, for, although it 1s somewhat soluble in cold water, in boiling water it is almost absolutely insoluble. It follows from this fact that when feed water is pumped into a boiler, the carbonate of lime it contains is precipi- tated in the form of small particles as soon as the tem- perature of the water reaches the neighborhood of 212 degrees. These particles are whirled about for a con- siderable time in the general circulation, and if the cir- culation is good they do not usually settle until the draft of the steam is stopped for some reason—as for instance, in shutting down for the night, or in banking the fires for the noon hour. The best time to rethove this sediment by blowing is, therefore, just before starting up at one o’clock, or after the boiler has stocd idle for an hour or so at night, or just before beginning work in the morning ; for at these times the carbonate deposit has settled into a kind of mud at the bottom of the boiler. Sulphate of lime differs from the carbonate in being more soluble in hot water than in cold ; and it is, there- fore, not deposited in the same way. The sulphate de- posit is formed at those points where the evaporation (and consequence concentration of the solution) is most rapid, that is, in contact with the shell, the tubes and the back head. Being deposited practically in contact with the iron, it forms a hard adherent coating, which often resembles natural stone so closely that nobody but a skilled mineralogist could tell the difference between them. The best way to treat water containing sulphate of lime is to convert the sulphate into carbonate, and re- move the carbonate thus formed by means of the blow- off, as already described. This can be done without injury to the boiler by the use of soda ash, which is a crude carbonate of soda. The chemical action that takes place may be briefly described thus: Carbonate of soda and sulphate of lime act upon each other so as to produce sulphate of soda and carbonate of lime. The sulphate of soda thus produced is what is knownas Glau- ker’s salts, and is yery soluble in water, and passes away very readily through the blow-off. - —_—_—_—_— ee THE PENBERTHY INJECTOR. E illustrate herewtih an injector which has been before the steam using public of the United States and Canada for several years, but which has not previous to this time been brought especially to the attention of the lumbering trade in this section. The “Penberthy” automatic injector is marked by simplicity of construction, it having only three jets as will be seen by referring to the sectional cut herewith. The entire wearing parts are easily accessible, the delivery jet which most frequently needs cleaning in every in- jector being removed by simply unscrewing the plug at the bottom of the machine, and the jet which rests in ATddNS YFILYM SECTIONAL VIEW. this plug will follow it out. This injector is claimed to have a wider range of operation than any other automatic injector manufactured, starting on low steam at from 22 to 25lbs. pressure, and working from that point to 145 to 150lbs steam pressure, being automatic and restarting at any and all pressures between the pointsnamed. When taking water from a lift, it is operated by opening valve in steam pipe and then opening valve in suction pipe with which the water supply can be regulated to the proper amount required for the steam pressure carried, after which it is only necessary to close and open the steam valve to stop and start the machine, and if from any cause, such as a sudden jar of the pipe, the feed to the injector is broken, it will at once restart automatically without attention from the engineer. This injector has been adopted by many of the large builders of engines and boilers throughout United States and Canada, and is guaranteed by the manufacturers to be superior to all other makes. They have recently is- sued a catalogue of these popular machines, which they will send to any mill owner or engineer who will write them and mention this paper. The injector is manu- factured by the Penberthy Injector Co. of Detroit, Mich., their Canada trade being supplied from a branch factory, located at Windsor, Ont. In writing for catalogue or in- formation address the office at Detroit. =p THE CANADA LUMB WESTERN RETAIL LUMBERMEN’S ASSOCIATION. [Special correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] 6 Pica annual meeting of the Western Retail Lumber- men’s Association was held in the Macintyre Block, Winnipeg, on Wednesday, 13th inst., and in the absence of the President, Mr. J. L. Campbell, Vice-President, occupied the chair, and delivered the following address : Gentlemen and Fellow Members of the Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association :— It is my esteemed privilege to have the pleasure of welcoming your presence in attendance at this our fourth annual meeting. I am glad to report to you that the affairs of this As- sociation have received close attention at the hands of your officers, and while there may not have been so many complaints acted upon this year as in the last, there were some very exceptional difficulties to dispose of. The season’s business, as you no doubt are aware, was one of restriction and caution on the part of the dealers, particularly so in the rural districts ; and the wisdom of this has been apparent in the fact that owing to the low prices obtainable by the farmers for their products—es- pecially wheat—the great staple of the country, thereby seriously crippling them in making payments. I am unaware of any failures in business during the year of any member strictly in the lumber trade. This, [ think, speaks in high commendation of the action taken. The Committee appointed at the last annual meeting, re railway freight, lost no time in calling upon the C. P. R’y authorities, memoralizing them for a reduction of the excessive lumber freight tariff, in order that lumber might be sold to the consumer at a less price. In this, we are glad to say that the manufacturers to the east. of us followed up the interview had with the railway auth- orities, persistently urging upon them the necessity and very great importance of making a substantial reduction in their charges, and as you know, after some months’ deliberation a reduction was inade, and the manufac- turers were able to announce to you a material reduction in the cost of lumber from the east. While this reduc- tion may not have been as much as you were looking for, I think it is a matter that I may well congratulate you upon. I may mention that your Board of Directors had taken into consideration the question of organizing a Mutual Fire Insurance Company in connection with this Association, but having observed the disaster that had overtaken the Merchants’ Mutual Company, although considering the scheme with much favor, it was decided to leave the matter in abeyance. I notice that the North Western Lumbermen’s Association have had much success with their insurance branch, having done over a million dollars of business in less than a year, and that the sister lumber associations of the States appear to be fast following in the wake of the North Western Lumbermen’s Association in organizing lumber insur- ance companies in connection with the lumber associa- tions. A bill to amend the Lien Law was kindly taken in charge by our fellow dealer, Mr. Burrows, M.P.P., and after getting the first reading of it, upon canvassing the members of the Legislature, he found that it could not be carried through, and it was thought prudent for him to withdraw it until this session, when it is probable the chances of its becoming law will be much improved, should you still desire it. It is with sorrow that I have to inform you that our Association has sustained a severe loss in the death of one of its Directors. I refer to the late Peter Atkin, of Morden. Mr. Atkin was a man of great value to the Association, not only for the unsparing interest he be- stowed upon it, but for his wisdom as a counseller in de- liberating upon the matters coming before our Board. He was also highly esteemed for his personal qualities by all whose privilege it was to become acquainted with him. As the Secretary will have some statistics to give you and some statements to make, I will no longer take up your time, only to thank you for the high honor you did me in electing me Vice-President for the second time. And I desire to thank my fellow directors for their good attention to the Association’s work at all times, and to say to them that it has been a work of pleasure and satisfaction to me to have been associated with them on the Board. The Chairman called upon the Secretary to read the minutes of the last annual meeting, and upon the same being confirmed, the Secretary proceeded to make his annual statements in the following address :— SECRETARY'S REPORT. I too, along with the Vice-President, desire to state that it affords me much pleasure to have the privilege of meeting you here on this occasion. The Financial Statement to 31st Dec., 1894, a copy of which was mailed to each member early in January, shows a surplus of $1063.34, with outstanding dues amounting to $320. ; During the last year I have to report having dropped from the membership list, 19 active and 3 honorary members, for the following reasons: 14 having quit the lumber business, 2 removed by death, 1 having changed his place of business, and 2 for refusal to pay annual dues. The honorary members removed were for the following reasons: One by request to be stricken from the list and refusal to pay dues, one for neglecting to pay dues and one for violation of the by-laws of the As- sociation. Wehave added to the list 15 new names, 9 active and 6 honorary. Our membership now stands with 130 active and 23 honorary members on the list. We have had two meetings of the Directors and three meetings of the Executive Committee. During the year four complaints were made and acted upon, and while some further grievances were reported to me, the complainants declining to comply with clause 16 of the By-laws, no investigation was made. Owing to a change in the tariff of the Dominion Gov- ernment in the early spring, permitting the importation of American lumber free of duty, we experienced a dis- turbing effect upon some of our members at points where American lumber was brought in and at frontier points. In order to meet the exigencies of the cases af- fected thereby, we deemed it prudent to allow open price list thereat, so as to enable the dealers interfered with to hold their trade. This no doubt has been to some extent injurious to the surrounding districts there- from, and perhaps such dealers should have further consideration in this matter. I have no doubt that upon the revival of the lumber business in the States to what it was up to the last couple of years, and the lowering of the price of Canadian lumber that has already taken place, that the American lumber will not long continue to be a competing factor in the trade, and that the pre- sent position of business at such points will not continue for any lengthened time. I ask you to bear with me should I be a little tedious in making some remarks, which may be pertinent to the welfare of the Association at this time. I have observed, with regret, a restive disposition on the part of some members, for the reason, as has already been stated to me in some instances, that they failed to see that any good was derivable to them from being members of the Association, simply because a direct return was not received in lieu of the annual fee paid ; while some others have said to me that it was no protec- tion to them, mentioning some exceptional circumstances that had arisen, and were interfering with their business, which was plainly beyond and outside of the Associa- tion, and which any reasonable person should know that the Association could not deal with. In regard to such statements, I make answer that I understand the purposes and objects of the Association to be for the mutual benefit of the retail dealers, in di- recting the wholesale business into the channel of selling exclusively to the established retail dealers in the ordin- ary business of the trade, and as well to limit the num- ber of dealers in consistency with the amount of business to be done and to maintain fair and reasonable profit on business done. If I consider aright the aims and objects of the Association, I have no hesitation in affirming that it has brought about much that was sought for in its organization, if not to the full extent. Unquestion- ably there have been many unfaithful members in the Association, and probably there will continue to be some who will evade the by-laws and be irritating. While this is.unfortunate, and delinquents may for some time ERMAN eee ee —————————————eee Marcu, 1895 succeed in undermining and doing unfair things, and it may also be very difficult to get the necessary proof in some cases to discipline them, yet on the whole, should the members in the main implicitly observe the rules and by-laws of the Association, I think that it has been shown that many of the delinquents can be brought, in an unmistakable manner, to feel the error of their ways. I think the Association has had a career of much suc- cess, and the retail deaiers should be satisfied with its. usefulness and stand nobly by it. The Association has been singularly fortunate in receiving true and sympath- etic support from the honorary members, thereby adding strength and advantage to it. Very different is the experience of our sister associa- tions in the States. There they are confronted by many of the manufacturers, wholesalers, middlemen and scalp- ers, ready to sell to consumers direct on all opportuni: ties ; but in spite of such difficulties, the present is an era in lumber associations there—from Massachusetts in the east to the several southern and western states— and through energy and live interest by the members, they are well maintained. In the same way it behooves you all to enlist your good services and energetic influ- ence on behalf of this Association, so as to keep it up to what it has been and make it capable of extending and advancing your business interests. Some dissatis- faction has been evinced in the requirements of a mem- ber changing his yard from one town to another, to pay membership fees and dues. Also I have been asked what constitutes a member, as to the quantity of stock in the yard. I ask your consideration of these matters. AN ELOQUENT SPEECH. J After the reading of the Secretary’s report, the Vice- President spoke eloquently and enthusiastically on As- sociation matters. He said that during the past year the Directors had given very careful attention to the various subjects brought before them. Doubtless some were not always satisfied with the decisions arrived at ; of course every one thought his side of the question the right one ; but it should always be borne in mind that there were two sides to every question, and the board of Directors had always tried to get the fullest information from all sides and give a conscientious decision. If they have erred in any particulars it was because the proper evidence was not forthcoming. He here paid a tribute to the excellent services rendered by the Secre- tary-Treasurer of the Association, Mr. I. Cockburn. He always found him to be giving the most careful at- tention to all matters pertaining to the welfare of the Association, and believed that the success so far attained was largely due to his unremitting labors. He proceed- ed to show that the members of the Association had every reason to be proud of what it had accomplished. In the first place, it was unique among the lumber as- sociations on the continent, inasmuch as no otherap- proached it in the completeness of its character and operations. With scarcely an exception it included every dealer and manufacturer in the territory covered, ; and the principle recognized, of buying from and selling oe only to members of the Association, had proved of | immense advantage to the members. By the principle of preventing umdue multiplicity of yards at a single point, each dealec was assured of his rightful amount of trade and fair profits. By this elim- : ination of illegitimate modes of business, the standing _ of every man in the trade was strengthened, so that, while during the first year failures had occurred in al- most every form of mercantile life, not a single failure had occurred among active members of the Association, a state of affairs, of course, gratifying to the wholesale dealers. It might be said that this success has been at- tained at the expense of the public, but such is not the case. Inno instance has the price of lumber been ad- vanced, but on the contrary, from the nature of their business, wholesalers have been enabled to reduce their prices. Add to this the reductions consequent upon freight rate concessions, concessions which could not have possibly been obtained without the united force of our Association, and we have a good substantial re- duction in price, of which the public have had the ad- vantage. It might further be said that the members of the Association do not intend to put in their pants’ pockets, any gains in this way, but will continue to give the pub- om, tee TUMBERMAN | WEEKLY EDITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 90 pages } $t.oo Per Year { The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday VoL. I. TORONTO, ONT., FEBRUARY 27, 1895 No. 8. (CANADA LUMBERMAN _C.#H. MORTIMER - Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New York Lire INsuRANCE BUILDING, & a MONTREAL. ue bo | ——— 7 an ity ma? Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. _ Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and ____ tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and 7 leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A ~~ weekly medium of information and communication be- _ tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products.at home and _ abroad. _ Lumberman, Monthly. A 2o-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the. lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and of. character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. ‘ & Subscription price for the two editions for one ‘ year, $1.00. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type, and no _ display is allowed beyond the head line. Advertise- 7 ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week’s issue. OR SALE—20 M FEET CHERRY LUMBER, dry, 1 to 5 inches thick, rs and 2s. ; _ J. KAUFMAN, Berlin. HINGLES OR LUMBER WANTED IN EX- change for 50 H.P. engine, nearly new. PARK & BORROWMAN, Amherstburg. [GOR SALE OR EXCHANGE ON PINE LUM- - ber: One Waterous Band Saw Mill, nearly new. TD CIMBER MERCHANT aS ‘We are prepared to erect in any good locality a saw ____ mill plant with a capacity of 100 M feet per day, more or less, for any one desirous of having sawing done who : _ will supply the logs for a reasonable time. 9 _ We have had a large experience in sawing for the oe .merican market, and are prepared to furnish satisfac- ; tory recommendations. Address, ms 2 S. GILLIES & SON, ®) , Ailsa Craig, Ont. TIMBER LIMITS FOR SALE Township of Lumsden a “Ss — . ‘ Sealed tenders addressed to the undersigned will be , eceived up to 12 o'clock, noon, of j THE 18TH DAY OF APRIL, 1895, for the purchase of the license to cut the timber on said fownship of Lumsden, containing thirty-six square miles. ; is berth has never been cut over; the pine is large of good quality, and short haul ; the Vermillion iver runs through it and is a splendid stream to drive. elmsford Station, on the Canadian Pacific Railway, ly seven miles distant. | _ Terms.—Cash, or the equivalent if time is required for the payment of a portion of the purchase money. . The highest or any tender not necessarily accepted. For further particulars apply to : - THOMAS McCRAKEN, No. 2 Victoria Street, _ Toronto, Canada. WANTED, Ss (zo) cars of 2 in. rsts and 2nds Hard Maple, 14 and 16 ft. long, 6 in. and up wide. Above stock to be at least 4 months on sticks. Parties having any of this on sticks should address at once, BurraLo Harpwoop LuMBER Co., 940 Elk St., Buffalo, N. Y. BRITISH COLUMBIA RED CEDAR. IMPORTANT CONFERENCE WITH UNITED STATES BOARD OF GENERAL APPRAISERS.—A COMPLETE CASE FOR REMOVAL OF THE DUTY. ’ Reference has been made several times by the CANADA LUMBERMAN to the in- justice done British Columbia lumber in- terest by the exacting, under the new Wil- son tariff, of a duty of 25 per cent. on red cedar going into the United States. No ’ valid reason has been advanced why this lumber should be so taxed, except that red cedar had been classified as a cabinet wood, along with certain species of cedar of Spanish growth, and which are subject to 25 percent, duty. To squarely meet this contention, and arrive at a speedy solution of the difficulty, Mr. J. G. Scott, manager of the Pacific Coast Lumber Co., New Westminster, B. C., met with the Board of General Appraisers, in New York, a few days ago, and entered fully into the question. As a result of much research, and after consultation with emi- nent authorities on the subject, he has established, it would appear, most clearly that the red cedar of the Pacific Coast, is in no sense identical with the cabinet cedars among which it has been classed. The red cedar timber of the Pacific Coast is produced from the tree known as Address, Cuas. KrREUTZIGER, Heidelberg, Ont. ~ & Thuya gigantea,” and is a wood whose uses and qualities are very similar to those of white pine (Pinus strobus). It is not used as a cabinet wood, nor fit to be used as such, it being even a softer wood than white pine. A decision in the matter rests with the New York Board of Ap- praisers, whose particular work it is to examine into cases of the kind. At this writing their judgment has not been given out. But having had an opportunity to ex- amine with some care evidence submitted by Mr. Scott, and which was supported before the Board by leading members of the lumber trade in New York, an eminent botanist, who appeared as a witness, and a curator of the Jesup collection of woods, it is hardly anticipating too much to say that the intelligence of the New York Board of Appraisers will lead them to but one conclusion—that Mr. Scott’s conten- ‘tion is uncontrovertable, and that the embargo of 25 per cent. upon red cedar shingles must need be removed. Frank S. Scammel, of St. John, N. B., has assumed control of the Scammel and” Young shingle mill, at Tacoma, Washington Territory. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. BUSINESS, like individuals, is effected by mercurial changes. With less severe weather, and traffic on the railroads freer, trade of the week has shown some im- provement, though only slight. The general feeling is that lumber is moving more slowly than usual, for the opening of the new year, and yet when one measures this feeling by the entries of the ledger, it is found that altogether there is no special reason for complaint. “It would appear,” said a representative of one of the largest Ontario lumber concerns, “that little business was doing. We ap- pear to be warming the chairs in the office and waiting for business, and yet.as I ex- amine the sales made from week to week, and the stock sheets showing what sup plies are held at the mills, I find that we are getting rid of a good deal of lumber and doing, perhaps, as well as is to be ex- pected for the first two months of the year.” There has probably been too much expected for the early days of the new year, born of the terrible dullness of the greater part of 1894. As a matter of fact there is never much business done in January and February, and there is no substantial reason to fear that when March opens out, there will not be an encouraging distribution of lumber at all points. The unthoughtful visitor to the northern distiicts would be impressed with the large quantities of lumber held in many of the mill yards. Enquiry, how- ever, elicits the information that in most cases, the larger part of this lumber is sold, and only awaits shipment. Prices show no disposition to relax. Better grades occupy a more favorable position than a year ago, and with common prices are firm. ber from Duluth, is likely to be brought into Ontario to some extent the coming season. We learn of one large firm, with branches in different parts of the province, who have contracted for some supplies. The stock can be brought from Duluth to Toronto by vessel at $2.50, and probably rather better than this. The programme is to unload the lumber here, it being usually bought as mill run, and sort and distribute from Toronto as requirements call for it. _ QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. It is not a disappointment to say that the lumber business is quiet in Quebec, because nothing else is expected at this time of the year. Quebec lumber mer- chants are, in most cases, away in Great Britain contracting for the season’s busi- ness, the activities of which will be manifest a little later. It cannot, however, be said, so far as trade is indicated by the winter’s Not only southern pine, but lum-- work, that the outlook is over bright for the spring. The cut in the woods will not prove particularly large, and owing to the heavy stocks and low prices in the Old Country, the trade are not over san- guine of a large business. The quantity of square timber from the Ottawa will also, writes a Quebec correspondent, be greatly curtailed. In New Brunswick, pretty much the same conditions exist, with the exception that there is a good deal of activity in the woods, the season having been favorable to a good cut and this has been taken advantage of by lum- bermen. Whilst shipments to the United States for some weeks past have been very light, it is believed that a good deal of new trade will be done with that country when spring fairly opens out. BRITISH COLUMBIA. A ray of light is brought to exporters by recent advices from Australia, which states that business there is improving. Trade with the interior is showing little more signs of life, and from conversation the writer had within the week with a large operator on the Pacific Coast there is reason to suppose that lumbermen of British Columbia will, during the coming season, find a considerable outlet for their product in various parts of Ontario, and not a little red cedar from the coast is finding its way to the Maritime Provinces. The important lumber staple of shingles is not improving very much. UNITED STATES. Lumbetmen had built in a measure on the possibility of a considerable amount ot outside work being done this winter. And until a month ago, the weather was favorable to business in that direction. Then, as every one knows, a radical change in atmospheric conditions began to show itself, and asa result everything in that line has come to a standstill, and is likely to remain in that shape for some time. This means, taking the country over, a large shrinkage in the demand for lumber supplies, and how this lost trade will be ‘made up later on 1s a difficult question to solve. Lost trade, as a rule, is trade lost. The business that is not done this week is seldom made up next week. Prices for all manufactured articles have, owing to the dullness of business and the keenness of competition, been on the down grade for a long time, and with lumber firm in price, manufacturers are seeing the neces- sity of securing better prices for their pro- ducts or else, as some of them argue, they had better stop manufacturing. These are problems that are confronting the lumber trade at the outset of the season. Duluth lumbermen are planning for plac- ing a good quantity of lumber in the eastern markets, so soon as navigation = de —- — eee . she a b. bs P F Wade iy A * ' _ ; v? - CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. opens; and freights, they do not expect, will open higher than $1.75, and will likely drop to $1.50 a little later. There are enough weak men in the lumber business in Duluth, as is usually the case with any new district, to render a measure of cut- ting in price almost a certainty. The wise policy for Duluth lumbermen would be to hold to a reasonable price, but all of them have not a long enough purse for that, and sales must be made to secure needed cash. Better grades in white pine are stronger than they have been for many months, and are likely to remain so. FOREIGN. The lumber trades of the United King- dom are now able to speak in somewhat exact terms of the condition of business during the past year. The various brokers have issued their annual circulars and the lumber trades’ journals of the past week or two have been publishing their annual statistical information, and telling us just what sort of a year 1894 showed itself to be. Briefly, as one journal has remarked, these reports tell the same tale. The record has been of shrunken profits for the wood trade anda sluggish demand, though as Timber remarks “on the whole it can hardly be said that there has, during the past year, been any contraction of the wood trade generally. The one great dis- turbing element from which most mer- chants at every portin the Kingdom have suffered, some seriously, is the great fail- ure in deal prices which took place after very considerable purchases had been Heavy failures also occurred Glasgow made.” towards the close of the year. suffered from a prolonged strike, and yet, the lumber trade at that port has not been unsatisfactory. The thought is, doubtless, born of the hope, that there is a better outlook on the whole for trade this year. What will be the outcome in other foreign countries, it is a little difficult to say just yet. HARDWOODS. Compared with a week ago, there has been rather more life in hardwoods. Lum- permen have been able to get about with a little greater ease, and those who have orders for mixed stocks are now visiting hardwood districts and seeing in how far they can meet the needs of their custom- ers. A good demand exists for elm, ash and basswood, but the same trouble that was noted in this column last week, con- tinues to meet hardwood men, namely, a call from United States dealers for sizes in lumber that are not usual to the trade here. Wholesalers also meet this obstacle. Orders are for 1st and 2nd, probably, and they are able to purchase only mill run. The result is that frequently they have a remnant of poorer grades on their hands, which have to be disposed of at a sacrifice and this operates against profits on their sales to that extent. There is really no change in prices. These hold about the same as for some weeks past and continue firm. Indications are plain that the furni- ture industry in the United States is show- ing a marked improvement and enquiries for many kinds of hardwoods are shaping into fact. SHINGLES. A single sentence will give the shingle situation, namely : trade continues just as dull as ever, it making little matter what class of shingles are referred to. pe ere Gn z Thos. Belanger is. starting in the lumber business in ‘Quebec. ‘ STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. — Mr. Anderson is getting out a large quantity of boxwood along Spruce Lake, N. B. British Columbia shipped $18.182 worth of shingles into the United States during 1894. A. Barnet, Renfrew, Ont., will cut about 160,000 cubic feet in waney and 15,000 C feet of square timber this season. It is estimated that 27,000,000 feet more logs will be put into the Miramichi river this year than last. Two cargoes of deals, aggregating about 500,000 feet, have cleared St. John, N. B., for the United Kingdom. Henry Moiles, jr., has sold all lumber onthe docks of the Moiles mill, St. John Island, amounting to 6,000,000 feet, to parties in the Eastern States. ; Messrs. Booth and Hale have made a purchase of 300,000 feet of board pine from Perry & Co., of Sault Ste Marie, The pine is in northern Michigan and will be taken to Quebec for shipment to the Old Country. It is 21% inch string and 26 feet in length. Timber, London, Eng : The action of a prominent Quebec shipper, who has given advanced prices for a well-known stock of Canadian pine deals, and thus compelled other similar firms to follow suit, has caused much discussion and some scepticism as to whether these goods can bear another advance. New Brunswick spruce deals are extremely sluggish, and North of England bayers show no incli- “nation to enter into any large purchases. An unusually large stock is being carried over at slightly declining quotations, and there is no immediate prospect of any im- provement. A recent St. John steamer shipment to Liverpool, together with a large sailer now due at port named, have changed hands on the basis of about £5 15s. ex quay, and the bulk of both cargoes will probably go direct into consumption. Another St. John shipment of considerable size is afloat for the Bristol Channel, and is likely to be the last arrival for a few weeks. Operations in New Brunswick are re- ported as follows: At Albert, Albert county, C. & I. Prescott will get out about two and a half million feet of spruce, two hundred thousand feet of hardwood, and some five hundred tons of tan bark. This firm is not operating as extensively as last year. At West Brook, Geo. D. Prescott will cut something over two million feet. At Alma, the Alma Lumbering Co., will cut five and a half million. At Point Wolfe, Geo. J. Vaughan will probably cut four million. J Prescott will cut in the vicinity of two million feet at Goose Creek. At Little Salmon River, S. H White & Co., expect to cut about three and a half million. This firm have about five hundred thousand feet on hand from ‘last year. At Big Salmon River, C. M. Bostwick & Co. will probably cut about five millions. John McLeod, M. P. P., at Black River, will cut about a million and a half. At Irish River. W. H. and J. Rourke expect to cut between one and two million feet. There are several other smaller concerns who wil get out anywhere from one hundred thousand to five hundred thou- sand feet. UNITED STATES. Elm ‘logs are selling in Michigan at - $8.50, a decline of $1.50 over a year ago. Hemlock logs are being purchased for $2.25 and $2.50 a thousand at Saginaw, Mich. The cut of logs on the Kennebec, Me., is estimated at 72,000,000 “feet. The cut last season was over 100,000,000 feet. The Ramsay & Jones mill at Menomi- nee, Mich., is cutting 40,000 feet of bass- wood lumber a day with one band saw. The Sutherland-Jones Company, which operates the Evart stave mills at Sagi- naw, Mich., has purchased 15,000,000 feet of logs. A New York report says that South American advices of late give promise of a greater number of orders than previous- ly indicated. Wm. H. White & Co., of Boyne City, Mich., say that prices on hardwoods are looking up. They have a good many en- quiries for birch, mostly from the east. FOREIGN. A report from Glasgow, Scotland, says the tone of prices for Quebec timber has been improving ; last year’s import was light and stocks, when made up at the close of the year very moderate, while as regards prospective requirements they are of a substantial kind, our leading wood consuming trades being well employed. The following are given as the whole- sale prices for lumber in Newfoundland by the Trade Review of St. John, Nfld. Hemlock board, Not........-- $16.00 to 17.00 Spruce board, Not.....-- ona 20.00 Spruce plank, joisting, studding Scantling. .ae = aie iene ieee Be 20.00 tO 22.00 r-in P. & T. spruce flooring..... 24,00 1%-fn P. & T. spruce flooring... 25 00 1¥%-in P. & T. spruce flooring... 25.00 Pine boards (clear)......+.--- *.. 30.00 to 40.00 Hardwood plank..... .....++-+ 30.00 to 40,00 Shingles, cedar Nor, perm..... 4.00 Mitto,, wpine, NOM oe. peap 2.00 Ditto,, spruce, No r.........- 1.50 TEAthS ne aloe dite aihste asaya lei Sia I.50 to 2,00 THE SITUATION. - REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF “WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” J. & P. Ament, Brussels, Ont.: In building lines business is looking up. We have 12 contracts on hand, and/ expect a few more in next week, so prospects are a little better in that line. H. Pedwell, Thornbury, Ont.: A fair trade is doing, more particularly in elm, ash, basswood and rock elm. Sold 8 cars this week at moderate prices. Stocks in elm and basswood are light. There isa fair demand for birch in this district. Prices are firm and mill men prefer hold- ing, rather than selling at cut prices; the inspection is very severe. J. & L. B. Knight, Musquash, N. B.: It is too early in this section to expect any large activity in stocks. Deals for English market are in most demand. An improved trade is expected with the United States this year. Manufactured stocks are very low in this district. Logs are in good supply. The tendency of prices, we think, is upwards. A. Tait, Orillia, Ont.: I notice in your last issue that Washington Territory *A* shingles are quoted at $2.30 in Ontario. Most buyers are not acquainted with the numerous brands used in that country on shingles. Would expect *A* to be a per- fect shingle, free from knots and other defects, but they are really only a good second class shingle, being 10” clear butts and better. That is, knots may be any- where 10” in from the butt. _ the prospects are much brighter t Lumber most in and hemlock and red cedar shingles. — recent sales 1 can report 10-in. hemlock at $11 to $12; 10-in. pine $16. Consider- able 1o-in. stock and good common are” on hand in this district. Lumber prices” avefirm, Prices in shingles are declining. - T. H. De Cew, Essex, Ont.: The favor- able winter weather has heavily stocked the mills with logs. We have put in 2,- 500,000 feet at a cost of $6 a 1000, of elm, oak, ash, cottonwood, sycamore and soft maple. Have contracted 6,000,000 staves” for New York market ; contracted c siderable of lumber from this year’s cu good prices. Judging from the very la number of enquiries for hardwood lu the market promises to open out brisk a soon as the severe cold passes over month ago and all are very hopeful ah return of better times in the near future : Emile Dubie, Riviere du Loup, Qu shingle mills are being put up ; Temiscouata railway. Outside of railroad ties are the principal along the road. Along the Inte: King Bros. at Cedar Hall, are cutti 75 ooo logs, and Price Bros. & Co.,, 10,00 logs spruce. The Cedar Shingle Co Rimouski, will have timber to ke: mills running all summer. Pri shingles are better than for some Sales made in Boston at $2.90 for e and $2.50 for clears. Am getting along coast of St. Lawrence, Temiscouata | and International Railways. Prospes Si for all kinds of lumber improving. © R. E. Gray, New York: ik practically nothing new in the Iu trade in this market. Everything is quiet, but as a general thing the | yards feel very confident that the have a fair business during th spring and summer in which cas that we might have quite a little as they all seem so hopeful. T “does not Jook as though we would d 0 cial questions before the count tled on some permanent basis. I that before long the retail yards realize that good lumber is scarce. ia: been over a good deal of the country and think there is no 2 ber to be had from the mills dosen’t seem to be much Coar: left either. ' * DEATH OF MR. ALEXANDER The sudden death of Mr. McArthur, of Toronto, presiden large lumber firm of McArthur Bros. Co., (Ltd)., at Ashton, North Carolina, Saturday 22nd, inst., was a great sho his friends everywhere. Deceased — left for the South about three weeks a one of the largest and best known continent. Their business was as exporters to the United Ki They have branches in England, and Scotland, as well as offices in M gan, Quebec and Toronto. The rem of the deceased were brought to Toronto and interred in Mount Pleasant. , 4, ———————— ‘ aad Subscribe for the CANADA LUMBERMAN. — a" _ % P f ‘ : es, “de » an MAPLE "MAPLE FLOORING, N.C PINE, CYPRESS REDWOOD. sos - SHIPPING MATTERS. Forty-one vessels were built on Puget Sound in 1894. The Barque Carmony is loading lumber at British Columbia ports for England. Pickles & Mills are loading the Sadie Wilkins, with lumber, at Annapolis, N. S. Lumber freights from British Columbia or Puget Sound are quoted as follows: Valparaiso for orders, 37s 7d ; Sydney, 32s 6d; Melbourne, direct, 42s 6d; Port Pirie, direct gos ; United Kingdom, calling at Corke for orders, 62s; Shanaghai, 50s ; Tientsin, 55s, nominal ; South Africa, 63s 9d nominal. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumser freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk Railway have been made a fixture, until, at least, April 3oth, »895. Of any intended changeafter that date due notice will be given the lumbermen at a conference to be held in February. General instructions in shipping by Grand T. unk are embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On lum- ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. per car, unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 lbs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light lumber up to 30,000 lbs. to the car, then the actual CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. ee et ee Be ol he Ill. weight only will be charged for, but not less than 24,- coo Ibs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not be higher from an intermediate point on the straight run than from the first named point beyond, to the same des- tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or Hep- worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, would not be higher than the specific rates named from Wiar- ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill and Southampton to points east of Listowel and south and west of Stratford will be the Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to be charged than as per mileage table published on page 9 of tariff. Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows : Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points in group B to Toronto, 6!c.; Collingwood, Penetang, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst and other points in group C, to Toronto, 63%c.; Brace- bridge to Toronto, 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor, Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 74c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, 9c.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, 10c. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c. Theserates Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 7¥c. per 100 lbs.; to Deseronto, 9c.; to Brockville and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal arid Ottawa, 11c. The rates on hardwoods average about from re. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. same as from From are per roo lbs. For rates on railway On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft- woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, 10c.; Al- goma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, 13c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 144%c. per 100 lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 lbs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. Lumber freight rates on the Canadian Atlantic Rail- way are as follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $t.go per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.25 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.75 per M ft., (3,000 lbs and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Quebec, 10 cents per 100 Ibs.; Arnprior to Quebec, 12 cents per roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per 100 Ibs. Ottawa to New York, track de- livered 15 cents.; lightered 17 cents.; Arnprior to New York, track delivery 17 cents.; lightered 19 cents.; Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local Arnprior to Boston, Portland and common points, local 17 cents; export 15 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 5 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Albany, ro cents per 1009 lbs.; Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per too Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 100 lbs. Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., 15 cents ; exports 13c. per 100 lbs.; and rates quoted above are in cents per 100 lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the minimum carload charged is 10 M ft. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES, Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have receded in part from their arrangement of a few weeks since when they combined and made the rates on hardwood from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton 8¥%c. per 100 lbs. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the Grand Trunk, has written the hardwood men as follows: “* After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7c. per 100 lbs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. ‘This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood ason pin-.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the ates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7%c. from same points. On the fourth page of the WEEKLY LUMBERMAN will be found market prices in detail from leading lumber markets of Canada and United States, carefully re- vised to hour of going to press. EDAR —ORDERS PROMPTLY FILLED FOR telegraph, telephone or electric poles, ties, posts, cedar shingles and cedar light wood ; also hemlock di- mension lumber--—-J. E. Murreuy, Hepworth Station. Saag CANADIAN EXPORTERS x” WHOLESALERS ROBERT THOMSON & CO. ..MANUFACTURERS OF.... -LUMBER| PINE and HARDWOOD — AND — TORONTO OFFICE: TIMBER London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. LDONOGH & OLIVER ©0000 wseaenesein | YMDEP, Lath ana SHindlés TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. BUFFALO : Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. JAS. PLAYFATR & CO. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers | LUMBER * LATH * SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies BILL TIMBER a Specialty . .« . MIDLAND, ONT. aa Fruntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. PMianvracrorers OF LUMBER LATH ax SHINGLES ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. AVE for sale a large quantity of nice Mill Cull Stocks, mix:d, ro and 12 inches wide, at $8 per M. Also a quantity of Mili Cull Sidings at $7. 144, and 2 cuts and better. Stocks. In stock, quantities of 1%, Also 1x6, 8, 10 and 12 inch Correspondence solicited. — Ottawa LUMD6r 60. _ WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, ETc. VwWrite ee SGOciK ae Ottawa Ganada all kinds of j G Bills cut to order. WHOLESALE , LUMBER OFFICE: 20 Aberdeen Chambers SWS HARDWOOD a Specialty LORONTO — Gee hearer Wholesale Dealer in Lumber shipped to all parts | LUMBER, LATH SHINGLES by rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. | WW EELS yy, ON eA Loe MANUFACTURERS OF Tie. Georoian Bay Lunber Go. LUMBBR. Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn OG. WATTERS & CO. Put: ET riA WAUBAUSHENE, ONT. LUMBER BROKERS... ST. JOHN, N. B., CANADA Wanted for the American Market, Correspondence Spruce Lath, Spruce Shingles, Spruce and Pine Glapboards, Solicited Birch Flooring, Pine and Spruce Lumber, #s° Hemlock Bark. Sit Your Wish To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A PARTIGULAR LOT OF LUMBER A MILL PROPERTY SEGOND-HAND MAGHINERY An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ and ‘‘ For Sale’’ Department of the * CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION Will secure for you a Buyer or Seller, as the case may be. Address, The Canada Lumberman Toronto, Canada. sens tere — o—-__— FOREIGN IMPORTERS me EO! _ EMPIRE LUMBER CO. “ao want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : : : : 1, 1%, 1% and 2 ineh BLACK ASH 14% and 2 inch SOFT ELM 1 ineh and thicker BIRCH p>: : BUFFALO, N.Y. Write us, stating what you have for immediate shipment, with full description of stock, oe ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. L.G., MULLER Fort Ar, DS BNO es one! \ ie} oO Lumber and an tor Export ————__——_—._ : ' No. | BROADWAY Peo HABRBDYWZOOD LUMBER - NBW YORK. OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK CITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO. WILLIAMS’ LINE. N.Y. Office—ROOM 306, 18 BROADWAY. J.H.Williams ie LUMBER DISTRICT, ALBANY, N.Y. Agent YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS IN AND MANUFACTURERS OF Poplar and - Hardwoods Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. ~i- 54 South Street, NEW YORK. ~via? SF te || DIREGTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman.” MACHINERY Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. Darling Bros., Montreal. Drake, F. J., Belleville, Ont. Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que., Payette, J. E. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams, A. R., Toronto. BELTING : McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. ‘& Co., Danville; Que. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. DRY KILNS Williams, A. R., Toronto. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Davidson & Hay, Toronto Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Buifalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Bell, L. H., Pittsburgh, Pa. Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. Elias & Bro,, G., Buffalo, N. Y. Haines & Company, Buffalo, N. Y. Maitland, Rixon & Co., Owen Sound, Ont. Scatcherd & Son., Buffalo, N. Y. SAW MANUFACTURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. MISCELLANEOUS Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Unt. Canada Atlantic Railway. Can. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad, Emery Wheels, Tanite Co., Stroudsburgh, Pa. Lumber Truck Wheels, Montreal Car Wheel Co. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Machinery Oil, Samuel Rogers & Co., Toronto. Rubber Stamps, Chas. W. Mack, Toronto. Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. Business Wisdom.— Vielding ts sometimes the best way of succeeding. : The Price Lists that here follow will be revised each week up to the hour of going to press, and in connection with these we would draw attention to the week’s trade review under the heading of ‘‘Current Trade Conditions” on the first page, immediately followed with matter marked “Stocks and Prices,” which presents the lumber situation of the week, together with a record of the week's sales and transactions. PRICGBS CURRENT. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, Feb. 27, 1895. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. 1 1-4 in. cut up and better........-...-- 0 eee cee e cree cence rx1o and 12 dressing and better xrxro and x2 millrun............... IXILO ANA 12 COMMON... 2.2.00 cease cceecerccreserssces -xrxxo and 12 spruce Culls.........--++++esee eee eter een eee 1x10 and 12 mill culls......-.22+-2+-+eeeeeeeee reece rere es x inch Aas mill run. x inch siding common. x inch siding ship cull-. x inch siding mill culls Cullscantling......-..--.--s2eeee eee eect neee eee eee es z 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank...........+---++0..0e- 24 00 26 00 z inch strips 4 in. to Huta cll iat oma ngeedgce Copano aopicn I4 00 15 00 I inch strips, COMMON.:.........ece eee e eee eee ee ee eecees 13 00 1 1-4 inch flooring 16 00 x 1-2 inch flooring 16 00 XXX shingles, 16 inch 2 30 MEM shinglesz6inch. .........06 00s cse cece tec weece cee ecnne I 40 ETN Chap ooo = oh oe 51o erele cic rlatel a atetatetnpa 5 eintrins~'eininlate 2p miele 2 00 Lath, No. 2......00c0 cece cc en cece nce sccessensecccsesere 180 1 85 HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 tozin..$26 oo $28 00 | Elm, soft 1 to 14%$14 00 $15 00 2 2 to 4.. 30 00 32 00 “€ 3., 15 00 16 00 “ black, 1 “! 1% 1800 2000] ‘“ rock x “1 1600 18 00 “4 Bas p © h1 207 OO = 24.00 yee 1% ‘ 3.. 20 00 2200 Birch, x1 ‘ 1% 20 00 22 00| Hickory 1% ‘* 2.. 28 00 3000 Ee -. 2200 25 00| Maple x ‘* 1% 16 00 18 00 £5 SQIS: i “© 8x8 26 00 30 00 a 2 ‘ 4., 18 00 2000 Basswood 1 ‘“ 1% 1600 18 00 Oak,red,p'n x “1% 28 00 3000 ne 1% ‘6 2.. 19 00 19 00 os 2 ‘“* 4..-30 00 °32.00 « omer. xr ‘* 1% 14 00 16 00 “* white ‘ “3% 2800 3000 Butternut 1 ‘ 1% 2300 2500| ‘ “ “2 ‘4.. 3000 3500 ad 2 ‘© 3.. 2500 2800| “‘quartd1 ~“ 2.. 4800 5200 Chestnut 1 ‘“f 2.. 22 00 25 00 | Walnut t ‘* 3.. 85 00 10000 Cherry x1 ‘1% 5000 60 00| Whitewood 1 ‘“‘ 2.. 3200 3600 e pide is 00 65 00 ll « "CN LUMBERMAN | W = Pesta oO EEKLY D OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, Feb. 27, 1895. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b. PMs eee eeee reece eens ees Pine, gondistrips, “Ss «Sf USS ci ntcemnritectm stl aol ye ee good shorts, cd He eiphatataalae able 26 50 28 00 2% and 3 in....... 47 00 50 00| Mold st’ps, 1 to 2in.. 33 00 35 00 AM. e eres eee eee 52 00| Barn, No. 1, roand 12 Fine common, 1 in... 35 00 37 00 In). sae See eee 2I 00 23 00 1% and 1Y i il...--1- 3700 3800] 6and 8 in......... 20 50 22 00 EP uitHE EGOS cea he 34 00 35 00 No. 2, ro and 12 in. 17 00 18 00 Paley sicianipsieted ete wyete 45 00 No. 3, ro and 12in. 14 00 16 00 Bay ceteye Sh ereleval lage 45,00] GandSin.,...--.-- 16 50 18 00 Cut’g up, No. 1,1 in. 27 00 29 00| 6and8in.......... 13 50 15 50 1% to2 in.......+. 32 00 33 00] Common, rin........ 16 00 18 00 No.2, Tie... 06. 16 00 1700] 1% andrin...... 18 90 20 00 No. ple rate ae Bede PENCE 22 (Ono meononnaTs 19 00 2200 No. 3,1 tozin... 18 00 19 00 £ ALBANY, N.Y. Avpany, N. Y., Feb. 27, 1895 PINE. Uppers, 3.in. up... 16-5 $50 $52 | Dressing boards, narrow....$19 $21 DUCATI Snare, ci aiais woe 50 52 | West India shipping boards. 16 17 THEO! Was wee eo olen ae 45 48,|, Boxiboards.- Sic. .)e oe eels 12 14 4 inch uppers .........---.- 50 52 | xo-in. dressing and better... 26 30 Selects, 2% in. up.......--- 40 42|xz0-in. common............. m4 tS Pas DUE AOR DAS UNIO 36 40 | 12-in. dressing and better... 25 32 Fine common, 2% in. and up 33 40 | Common, 1x11....... --.--- 14 16 FAtO 2AM vac cea sea eres 34 38] No. x barn, 1x12 20 Ne. 1 cut, 1 to 2inch....... 25 35 IXIO 21 INiGn2 x ee btine aie eee 18 25 ER Siaie tere lik eeale oueteiets cohol cteheke 18 Noss eee ee ci meen 17 20| No. 2 barn, 1x12 19 No. x molding, 1 to2in..... 33 36 IXIO 19 No. 2 molding, 1 to 2in..... 25° 28 GX Gsisietess textes seete ante rere 19 Stained saps..........- mae 20 Shakey or star clear, 1 to 2in. 19 21 Bracket plank ............. 30 35 Dressinfy. dees eaae 16 18 Shelving boards, r2-in. up .. 28 30 Comino esos eee een II I5 LATH. Pinte sci testeets seteintemteeetees $2 25 | cat wai Bele aie kin elstehicietes $2 00 SHINGLE Sawed Pine, ex. Xxxxx..$4 25 $4 30 Baan butts, €x18 ....$6 oo $6 15 Clear butts .......... 3625, 03) 350|| emlockee ses eeieneireee 215 2 30 Smooth, 6x 18....... pelele oped Reiko Gano oc roan io 220 2 30 BOSTON, MASS. Boston, Feb. 27, 1895. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed EAMG hae qocednec $ 9 25 975 boards... ..= «= 1200 12 15 11-16 inch........ 850 900 Coarse No. 5....--- I5 09 16 00 MINCE a ee cles as 800 850 RRERISES once =o -isints 12 00 613 00 | Clapboards, sapext.. 48 00 50 00 (OM GRpapersconene cc, 9 00 Sap clear...:..... 44 00 45 00 Boxboards, r inch... 10 75 11 00 Sap, 2nd clear.... 38 00 49 00 Uo tel WA GQ araoe 975 1000 IN Osi ainsi date aminte 23.00 25 00 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD, Uppers, Tike. ee. es oo@sr oo | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 43 00 45 00 14%,1% and 2 in.. 52 00 53 00| No. 2,1 in. Finecom. 28 00 30 00 g3and 4in.......... 59 00 63 900 14%, 1% and 2in... 29 00 31 00 Selects, &: Wtsase ear 4300 45 00|/ No.1 awit, 4to6i in. be ©0 44 00 1X, 1% and 2 in.. 45 00 47 00 No. 6 3and 4 in......... 55 00 57 00 No. ; Moulding boards, 7 to Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.... 24 00 32 00 ii in, clear...... 36 00 38 00 | Coffin boards........ 2 00 20 00 60 per cent. oe - 34 00 36 oo| Common all widths... 22 00 26 00 Fine common, 1in.... 38 00 40 00| Shipping culls, in... 15 00 15 50 14%, 1% and 2 in. - 41 50 42 00 do 1\% i in. I5 50 16 50 SHINGLES. Spriice, o- eeee enie I 30 150 Second Clear.......... t 80 210 Cedar, extra.........-- 275 3, 00-} kxtra NOME mest en oe pao ME 2 £9 Glear cane. stance ele 225 250 HEMLOCK. Boards, rough........ 9 00@r0.00)| NO. 22.0. ccteaie ++» 7 00@ Planed yscp cms sol cet 1100 1150 ‘ ane SPIE’. nelrisie's cee ies the CANEO.. 2 faces +. 180@ 190 By Car ig. fo ints iain als ated ae ae , “ Mh. soe | a "> » eae ee N EW YORK CITY. New York, N. oe Feb, aa os WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of suy rendering it useless to give prices for local market. WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge timber....... $28 00 @ 40 00 | Building orders. wr .$26 00 @ 45 00 Decking... ......-. 44.00 5000 be SPRUCE, CCCP si Werner aes 14.00 14 50| 10to12in......--.- 6 tor2in..........-- 1475 15 25| Lath......------++++ GLO IZ I needa seks 15 25 15 50 SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., Feb. 27, 1895- UPPERS AND SELECTS. Ups zr in., 10 in. and up Selects, rin., 8in. and sain oo OPUS ni airentaiinel tes nts $45 oc| 1%, 1¥ and 2in.. 3 1%, 14and 2in........... 44.00| 2% and 3in... FC lee tio ys Be OER Oo 53 5° ‘u_sind Pepe Aine aeetibess ox cri eee 55 70 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 32 00 | 2% and 3in., 8in. and up wide 2: c 1%, 1% and ZANT Senn ri Cane 34 00 | 41M... . 0. eeeeee eceeesarere B FINE COMMON OR NO. 1 CUTTING. rin., 7in. and up wide...... 25 00 | 2% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 1X, UM and 2 in eeieciaier ail 30. 00 | 410. «0c s0ee en scds Pehooe STRIPS, A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 1% in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00| 1in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 Gin. WIGE. 60.5000 nese ers » 36 os | 6in. wide. -- 5... Fer eos: FINE COMMON OR C. 134 in., 4, 5, in. wide.....- 30 00 | 1 in., 6 in. wide......-..---- TANs,; 4; Fay Wide... 2s ca-n 28 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 14in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 00| 1 in., 4,5, 6 in. wide..... NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. xin., 4,5 and 7 in Sens. 30 I7 00 rin, 4 Sane MY MMNy ONAN a/asate (a, als).o 0 seb iemae 18 oo | x ip., O10... 665 see sone NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. rin., 4,5and 7 in......-.-.- 14 00/14 in.,4to n. Pa ead Beene prqodore 7000 15 00 | No. 3 fencing, 1 SHELVING. No. 2, 1 in., 7 ate tin., ro in. stocks rin., 12 in. stocks 1 in., ro in. and up cin., 13 in. and up) oy No. 1, 1 in,, 10 in. stocks.... 25 00 tin , 10 in. and up wide... 26.00 1 in., 12 in. stocks.......-- 29 00 1 in., 12 in. and up wide... 29 00 14in. 1% and 2in., 8in. and Up Wide*....50-... ness 29 09 14 00 SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. rin., 4and 5 WH. WIE. nie 6 $10 00 | 1 in., 13 in. and up wid rin., 6 in. wide.........---. 1r 00, 1%,1% erdd: in., 7 in, and 1 in., 7 in. wide and up...... It 00 up wide. SHAKY CLEAR. 1 in., ro in. and up wid: 1%, 1¥% and 2 in., 8in. ee wide... .:-+ sence teen ee eee eee COFFIN BOARDS. No. x, rin., r3in. and up.... 20 00 | No. z, mill culls. .. INoi2s. t5-Sech ces estan te 17 00 | No. 2, or red hors Extra clear (perfect)........- 23 50 No. 1 (nearly clear). . -- 22 50 “eS JOIST AND SCANTLING. Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.$11 00 Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, I2 18 LE. actantts + sheers 13 00 16 feet... 2. anor PIA SOPHS ee AO GUS GO ws. 14:00} 2xY2..-.. a Bereod 15 00 in length. SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX......- 3 a Standard brands. river Clear Butts). 220. seen- a> XX Clear Butts.-siiscmae WHITE PINE LATH. Nouidivoee conetaceae dates gis aie ae No. 2ha0enan actet Hemlock....-.-.--+: OSWEGO, N.Y. Osweco, N. ¥., F WHITE PINE. Three uppers, 1%), os and 2 aaa woeents Pickings, No. x, cutting up, § s No. 2, cutting up, * (fv OW aa aeae eee In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding trips, 14 SIDING 1% in selected....... 1% i in dressing.....- eg in No. 1 cul 1% in No. 2 cuils I ie No 3 culls...... 12 IXI2 INCH. x2 and 16 feet, mill run..........-..-eeeeeeeeeeseeeeeseee 20 > 12 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards....--. 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better....... 12 and 16 feet, No. 2 culls......-. +--+ - eee se esses ee 1 in siding, cutting up ticks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 rin dressing...+...-+ Ig 00 2I 00 rin No.1 culls...... I4 00 I5 00 xin No. 2 culls...... 13 00 14 00 14X10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$22 oo@25 00 | No. rculls.... oo 1 Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00| No. 2culls........- Pee Ce 1X4 INCHES. No. reulls..........% No. 2culls 21 00 30 00 Mill run, mill culls out 17 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 IX5_ INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, No. rculls.. 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill 25 00 | 6, 7 or 8, No. 2 culls... culls out......5.: 20 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and better... 2.5 seeee 25 00 3000 SHINGLES. 3 75 | XXX, rBin. cedar... . 3 40. 365 2 75 | Clear butt, 318 in. cedar. 2 40° 2 65 3 10| XX, x8 in. cedar... . 1 75 2 00 5 00 XXX, 18 in pine.:..... 3 60 Clear butts, pine, x8 in.. XXX, 16 in. pine...... 290 Stock ‘cedars, 5 or 6in.. + 450 LATH. Bio. % 24() dis sen «ice ogg No. 2, silts eee a Heise, he a Deron ee _ narrow one. Marcu, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN II lic the benefit as heretofore, being themselves satisfied with a fair profit. ; This is an age of combinations ; indeed it might be said that combinations are the mainspring of civilization of the latter part of this century, by the aid of which the greatest strides have been made. We find every trade profession and calling controlled by associations—some of them indeed recognized and solidified by acts of Par- liament—but of all the associations west of the Great Lakes, there is none more roundly abused than ours and none more innocent in its effects upon the public This Association fears not at any time to undergo an in- vestigation into its methods. It is true beyond a doubt that no class of mercantile trade is conducted on so small a scale or margin of profit, and no association guards so well the interests of the public. The speaker was satisfied that, as more became known of the objects of the association, the prejudice against it would disap- pear. He was pleased to see so good an attendance ; a number of subjects would come up for discussion, and he hoped the results obtained would conduce to the continued benefit of the association. The election of officers and directors for the ensuing year was gone on with, resulting as follows :—President, J. L. Campbell, Melita; Vice-President, Alex. Block, Winnipeg. Directors—D. N. McMillan, Morden; J, M. Taylor, Portage la Prairie; R. H. O’Hara, Brandon J. B. Mather, Glenboro ; T. A. Cuddy, Minnedosa ; J. Dick, Winnipeg. My. Taylor subsequently resigned, and J. M. Nelson, of Carberry, was appointed in his stead. The balance of the session was taken up in discussing amendments to the by-laws, and some changes author- ized to be made. The session throughout was consider- ed most satisfactory. WINNIPEG, MAN., FEB. 23, 1895. ELECTRICITY AND ECONOMY. THE nature of electrical generation and dynamo work- ing is such that only sufficient amount of current required to do the work in is used, so its economy is at once obvious. In factories where the machinery is working intermittingly, and liable to great fluctuation, the economy of driving by electricity is even more marked, as the electric current can be switched on or off with the greatest ease and rapidity, after which crossed belts and fast and loose pulleys appear a heavy and clumsy, not to say unsciertific, method of utilizing power.—Manufac- turers’ Gazette. PUBLICATIONS. The annual statistical number of the Mississippi Valley Lum- berman is one of the most complete special issues of a lumber journal that*has come to our table in some years. Especial care has been exercised in the gathering of statistics of the lum- ber trades of the particular territory covered by the journal. These tables embrace hardwoods, as wellas pine, a new venture with our contemporary, and one that is not common to the gatherer of lumber statistics. Outside of the special trade re- view features of the number, there are found in its pages sev- eral valuable articles on the saw-mill, wood-working machinery, and a history of Minneapolis as a lumber manufacturing point, all appropriately illustrated. Typographically the number is deserving of much praise. From across the ocean comes to us a special American and Canadian edition ‘of Timber, a massive volume. The editor of this journal took a trip through Canada and the United States a year ago, and the evidences of his industry and obser- vations are seen in this splendidly gotten up number. It con- tains an excellent history of the trades of these two countries. We congratulate our contemporary on the very thorough and accurate manner in which he has dealt with the Canadian trade of the several provinces. The number is profusely illus- trated with portraits and illustrations of prominent lumbermen, saw mills, and lumbering scenes in the several provinces of the Dominion and elsewhere. CE EEEEel ———— od IF a belt will not run a machine unless it is as tight as the strings of a bass viol, then it is time the pulleys were changed for broader-faced ones, and a wider belt put in place of the A belt of the proper width to perform its work with ease can be run on by hand as easily as it can do the work required of it. ENTION was made, I noticed, in discussing trade conditions in the WEEKLY LUMBERMAN a week ago, of the difficulty experienced in securing lum- ber, and especially hardwoods, of the size frequently called for by United States dealers. I was speaking to Mr. George Cormick, of Whitby, a few days ago on this point and he was telling me of an order he had received, which was going to give him some bother to fill, as our mill men were not accustomed to making up lumber of these sizes. The complaint comes, not alone from Mr. Cormick, but I have asked others on the point and a few days ago in the office of J. G. Cane & Co. I had a case cited to me of a similarkind. Lum- bermen who undertake to do business for a particular locality must needs meet the requirements of that trade. It occurred to me that mill men would simply have to lay themselves out to cut wood to these particular sizes, for I judge that the cases are not excep- tional and that where Mr. Cormick would get orders for certain kinds of wood of a certain size other dealers would be receiving like orders, which would mean that the mill men would find it pay to make up some quan- tity of wood of this character. %¥ &* * Whether or not southern pine is going to cut a figure in the Canadian market that is worth any large amount of consideration, is, perhaps, a debatable question. This, I have to remark, that meeting with lumbermen almost daily, and those engaged in different branches of the busi- ness, I find that a good many, at least, are talking about this matter. I do not think that a systematic effort has been made to put any great quantity of southern wood into Ontario, though some movement is being made to find a market for it here. But it would not take long ifa decision were arrived at to rush business in that direction. The trade are frequently in receipt of price lists from the south, and these are not thrown into the waste paper basket. They are being studied, some figuring done and comparisons made, and the lists are carefully filed for reference. I find this to be the case. Prices, as nearly as one can compare these with white pine, run somewhat closely parallel. And yet there are certain grades of the foreign article where the price is lower than white pine men would care to sell their stock for, and I should be sorry to see them get prices down that low. In conversation with a group of lumbermen I found one old-timer, who knows the trade for many years back and who still keeps on the road, who does not think that southern pine will make much headway in Ontario. He believed that the action of the lumber section of the Board of Trade, taken shortly after the recent great fire, was going to have a potent influence both in Toronto and throughout the province in deciding lumbermen against handling this wood. Certainly if the Underwriters’ Association take the question up and make a distinction in rates between buildings where this resinuous wood is used inconstructionand others that hold to native woods, a blow will be struck at southern pine. The case occurs to me as one that ina measure is in is in embryo. In the meantime the subject will bear investigation and the CANADA LUMBERMAN will be glad to gather the opinions of the trade on the question. Cc eee eT As the months pass by since the placing of lumber on the free list between the United States and Canada, the full import of the measure is commencing to work itselt out. Possibly Canadian lumbermen were rather much carried off with the idea that the removal of the duty on lumber was going to work all one way. On the other hand it is quite evident that United States lumbermen were unnecessarily terrified at the disaster they were sure the measure would wreck upon the lumber trades of their country. Free trade is free trade and it can hardly be made the policy of any country without cut- ting the two ways. Under a protective tariff there is some opportunity of shutting out imports from a foreign country. Under free trade just as sure as the country enjoying that has the freedom that enables its people to push their products into those countries that reciprocate along the same lines, so contrariwise, they have taken down the bars and they may expect that certain pro- ducts will come into their country from the outside. I am not going to follow this interesting economic phase of the question any further. Perhaps it will set readers thinking. I simply mention it to remark that this is proving the experience more and more of free lumber. British Columbia lumbermen are sending cargoes almost every week into San Francisco. Washington Territory lumbermen are getting their red cedar shingles not only into British Columbia, but their salesmen have been through Toronto and Ontario points within the past few weeks pushing business. Ontario white pine men are sending in manufactured lum- ber in increased quantities into the United States, because of the removal of the duties. As I have noted elsewhere, reciprocity comes into play here by the south- ern pine men sending their supplies, not only of rough lumber but of manufactured stocks, into Ontario, and talking lumber matters the other day with Mr. Thomas Meaney, manager of the Toronto branch of Robert Thomson & Co., I learned that this firm will, the coming season, bring in Duluth pine to Toronto, and place it on sale at their various branches. And remember that Robert Thomson & Co. are large mill owners them- selves, interested in selling the product of their own mills. Does not this look like a very general mixing up of the lumber products of the two countries ? * & * * Some one has said that history is teaching by ex- ample. I have no doubt but that all of us would save many expensive experiences if we would but study history a little more, and thereby learn that some of the schemes into which we enter with so much cetainty of success, had at times past been tried by others and proven to be complete failures. I would not like to say that this line of argument could with perfect safety be applied to some observations on the lumber trade that I heard discussed a little while ago when in a lumberman’s office in Toronto. I met there several lumbermen who had been long enough in the business to know some- thing of its history and outcomes, and with these a gentlemen who has been quite largely engaged in build- ing and real estate in Toronto. The present condition of business was the all important subject of discussion, and the tendency was to take a pessimistic view of affairs. I wanted to point out to these lumbermen that the evidence seemed to show that we had turned the corner, and dull as 1894 had certainly been, things were going to improve in 1895. Sales would certainly be better, and prices that were stiff to-day were not likely to relax, and perhaps would increase some. Everybody did not agree with this prognostication of mine. Lum- ber will be lower during 1895, said one of the company, than it is at the present time. I reminded this person that mill men had seldom held lumber at a firmer price. The answer was that this was all very well. It was natural to expect that mill men would talk about stiff prices, and anyone in their position would be likely to do the same thing. “But,” joined in another of the party, “those who can go back to the year 1876 saw just this kind of business existing. There was plenty of lumber in the country and you could not move mill men from their prices. What was the result? I have in my memory at the present time the case of one large con- cern, with offices in Toronto, who held a large stock of lumber, for which they would not take a cent less than $13 a thousand. No shading from this price could tempt them to part with it. They held on with bulldog tenacity, but the time came when that same lot of lum- ber was sold for $7 athousand.” I donot think that con- ditions as they exist to-day find a fair parallel in those of 1876, but on the principle that history teaches by example, and taking my friends view of the case as correct, there is, of course, something in his way of stating it. Our friend, the builder, thought lumber was a good deal like real estate in the city of Toronto. There was no better asset for anyone to hold, if he could hold it long enough. Se ee oe oe eee - se 4 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Marcu, 1895 CORRESPONDENCE Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades. To secure insertion all communications must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for publication. The publisher will not hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. CARELESS METHODS OF LUMBERING. To the Editor of the CanaDA LUMBERMAN : S1r,—Some excellent advice is contained in an article published in your February issue under the heading “Stacking Lumber,” and I would heartily recommend our hardwood manufacturers to peruse it carefully and then sit down and figure up how much good hard cash they have lost on their last season’s stock by failing to give this particular branch of their business proper attention. I have no hesitation in saying that there are few mill men who could not count up many lost dollars, directly attributable to careless piling or stacking. The prevailing custom of putting up 12, 14, and 16 foot boards and planks in the same pile is bad, and is undoubtedly a source of great loss, for reasons which must be obvious to everyone who knows anything about lumber. I have seen soft and rock elm, piled in this way and 25% to 50% of the 14 and 16 foot length had to be thrown out, as common, on account of warped and twisted ends, which would otherwise have passed as 1st and 2nd. By piling each length separately this trouble would be overcome, and with no small gain to the manufacturer, as it will be seen that he loses by the other method not only the difference between the price of common and Ist and 2nd on what has been thrown out but is also at the expense of repiling it, which is a con- siderable item on a large stock of lumber. “A penny saved is a penny gained ”—and pennies are a panacea for hard times. BOARD RULE. FORESTRY A PRACTICAL QUESTION. To the Editor of the CanADA LUMBERMAN: S1r,—It is not an easy matter to awaken in the breast of the average lumberman an interest in the study of forestry. There are some notable exceptions, | am glad to say, as in the case of Hon. J. K. Ward, Mr. William Little and a few others. But the great mass of lumber- men are interested in cutting down the products of the forest, rather than giving any concern co filling up the immense gaps, they are making in this product every year. How seriously the question touches every thoughtful man is indicated by the atttention that is being given to the subject of late in the leading maga- zines and reviews of the country. Ina late number of Blackwood there was published an exhaustive article on this question, and the Century has been running a se1ies of articles on the subject. The time has gone by when the matter can be laughed out of court. This policy has in the past been the usual stock rejoinder of those who would tell us that the country was so rich in forest products that no one need talk nonsense about the denuding of the forests. This was the story in Michigan until within the past few years. Now the most utilitar- ian of lumbermen are prepared to admit that that once great pine state is practically out of the running as a lumber state to-day; and that many believe what they say, they are making heavy investments in Canada, Wisconsin and Duluth, and from these places stocking their Michigan mills, which they can no longer stock from supplies at their doors. Where reform, perhaps, should commence is with our own government. The disposition of the crown lands of the country is under their control. The Ontario government deserves much credit for setting aside cer- tain timber lands for a forestry park, and the system of fire rangers adopted has commended itself to all who have studied this question. This, however, is only a method of preservation. What is needed is the adoption ofa system of reforestation, so that future generations will be left in possession of some of the rich timber resources that to-day are the pride of the present generation. The local legislature is now in session and I doubt if members could spend their time to better advantage than to consider a measure modelled along the lines which are here suggested. 2 Dr. Dawson, of Montreal, in a lecture, recently, sounded a note of warning on this matter, which may fitly be quoted here: “ Our forests are no doubt in a criti- cal state. We still have more timber than any other country, but for that very reason we need to be careful not to give away too much to those who are not in want of it, or to waste :t at home. The time has come for planting and scientific forestry, and attention to these matters might enable us to supply the world for centuries and leave abundance for ourselves. Our little export of twenty-six millions of dollars worth might, with proper management, represent only the annual increase of our forests.” CANADIAN LUMBERMAN. SPANISH RIVER, ONT., Feb. 20, 1895. INJURY TO BOILERS BY GREASE. T has often been observed that small quantities of grease in combination with deposits lead to boiler accidents. ‘Thiscempound gets deposited on the plates, and the most violent water circulation is sometimes in- sufficient to remove it. The plates, in consequence, get overheated and accidents result. The introduction of grease inside the boiler should be avoided, especially where the water from the condenser is used for feeding the boiler, by the use of a sufficiently large feed-water filter. The Berlin Boiler Inspection Society had the fol- lowing case brought under its notice: Two single-flued boilers, 4 feet 8 inches diameter, 23 feet long, flues 18 to 22 inches diameter, pressure 12 atmospheres, were used to generate steam fora 150 horse-power engine with surface condenser. The installation had only been at work since July, 1893. A considerable portion of the flue of the left boiler had collapsed. This could not be attributed to shortness of water. On examination it was found that nearly all over the boiler a fatty brown slime had been deposited, which, being placed on a red-hot iron, burst into flame. The feed-water pump got its water from a large open tank over which a small filter was placed. Theccndensed water was led to this filter in order to have the grease removed. Unfortunately, the arrangements were so bad that a considerable por- tion of the grease found its way into the boiler. A similar case was recorded by Mr. Abel at the last meet- ing of the Markisch Society for Testing and Inspecting Steam Boilers. Four boilers, the feed water of which was heated by the exhaust steam from a Westinghouse engine, after being in use about six weeks, were so dam- aged that one boiler had to be completely removed ; the other three had to receive extensive repairs. An exam- ination showed that the flues were covered with a de- posit of fatty slime. An analysis of this showed that about 52 per cent. of it consisted of mineral oils and par- affine, and 27 per cent. of animal fat. It is strongly ad- vised, therefore, that feed water shall always be filtered so as to remove any oils or grease.—Scientific American. TRADE NOTES. Messrs. Cassidy, Bonner & Co., of Montreal, have secured the contract order for the 18” double belt for Montreal Steam Laundry and about two thousand feet of other sizes, which has to be nearly all water-proof. They make a speciality of water- proof belting. Mr. A. G. Sinclair, the late president of the New York Emery Co., has connected himself with the Tanite Co., of Stroudsburg, Pa., and solicits for that company the trade which in former times he controlled as salesman for the Ashland Mills, and later for the New York Emery Co., and the Ameri- can Emery Mills. As Mr. Sinclair is one of the oldest sales- man in the emery trade, and also a practical manufacturer of emery, he knows something as to the intrinsic quality of that article and also as to the needs of the trade. Having learned what Tanite Mills emery is by several years competition with it, he now offers it with confidence, and asks equal confidence from old customers and friends. The pecular properties of Tanite, which fit it for a base in emery wheel manufacture, have been applied by the Tanite Co., of Stroudsburg, Pa., U.S. A., to the production of solid emery whetstones. The result has been a great practical suc- cess, though the prejudice of the trade and the novelty of the article have conspired to make the demand irregular and scat- tering. That this state of the trade is not due to the quality of the artificial whetstone is evidenced by the fact that in quarters where it has once been introduced the demand is regular. The Tanite whetstone is adapted to the mill pick, the carpenter’s and stone cutter’s chisel, the bit of the moulding mill and the axe of the woodman. ~ well acquainted with his descendants. VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS. From investigations made and pub- lished by Dr. C. O. Weber, it appears that in the use of liquid fuel — Russia is in advance ofall other countries, but there only the heavy petroleum residues, astatki, are used—for boilers, railway engines and similar purposes astatki, on combustion, producing 11,000 cal., as against 8,000 cal., obtained from first-class steam eli In this respect, therefore, 62 pounds of astatki are equal to 100 pounds of coal. By working side by side two boilers of the same type, firing the one with coal and the other with astatki, it is found that one pound of coal evaporates eight pounds of water, and one pound of astatki thirteen pounds of water; and in regard to the important point, the volume of air passing into the furnace and the quan- tity of water evaporated, it appears that for 1,000 cubic feet of air consumed, coal evaporated 1.5 and astatki 2 pounds of water ; consequently, besides a smaller weight of fuel an item of considerable importance in the case of marine boilers, allowing their volume to be materially reduced without lessening their steam producing capa- city. Liquid Fuel. Opinion varies as to who was the in. ventor of the circular saw. Noting } certain claims in this particular, Mr. C. A. Dunham writes a cotemporary as follows: “Allow me to say that the circular saw was invented in America in about the year 1770, by a comb maker by the name of Hartshorn, who used a common hand saw to saw out the horn between the teeth, thus forming one of those old-fashion horn combs. Finally, thinking it a rather slow process, he took what used to be called a “Bung- town copper,” filed it down thinner, drilled a hole through its center, then squared the whole and cut the teeth in its outer edge, placed it upon a mandrel true and per- manent, then put it into his lathe, and with the flat horn laying upon a wooden rest he sawed out his combs. From the copper he shortly cut up his back saw and conveited it into circular saws. This man Hartshorn lived and died in Mansfield, Connecticut. I have been He also invented the screw and lip auger, also the bit, such as are used in the brace. He was asked why he did not put in his claim for compensation long afterward when we had a patent office. His reply was that if he had done any- thing that was a benefit to his fellow men they were wel- come to it.” Circular Saws. Maderia possesses some valuable woods. Of native trees the till is the largest and handsomest. It has shin- ing deep green leaves. The wood is brown, marked with dark veins, and susceptible of high polish. It is in demand for furniture, boxes, walking sticks and sou- veniers generally. Newly cut till has a disagreeable odor, and it can be used only when well seasoned. The vinhatico is a finetree. The wood is red and much used for furniture. It is often called Maderia mahogany. The aderna grows to the height of sixty feet, and it is used for cast staves. The wood is white. Azevindo and pernado are closely allied trees and are species of holly The wood is white and is used for inlaid work. They attain a height of fifteen to twenty feet. None of the foregoing trees are found elsewhere, except in the Canaries. The pao brancois a handsome tree, attaining a height of fifty feet. It has a hard, white wood, and is in much demand for keels of boats. It grows readily from the seed. It is not found elsewhere, except in the Canaries and Azories. The folhado is a fine tree, attain- ing a height of sixty feet. In summer it is full of white scented flowers. Its wood is tough and of light weight. It is of great interest to botanists, belonging to a genus of which all the species except this are American. The Woods of Maderia. Totest leather belting, says an exchange, cut out a small piece of the belt and place it in vinegar. If the leather has been perfectly tanned and is therefore of good quality, it will remain immersed in vinegar even for several months without any other change than be- coming a little darker in color. If it is not well impreg- nated with tannin the fibers will promptly swell, and after a short time be converted into a gelatinous mass. —=- wr —— Marcu, 1895 THE CAPABLE RESAWYER. - ce the man of capacity is the man at the head of affairs, when considered from the practical side strictly, says a writer in The Wood Worker. This may not always be evident. upon a cursory view. Merit is ofttimes modest and retirmg, and, among practical men, as well as among those in other callings, ability is often unassuming. There is a pleasure and gratification which waits upon the successful mechanic, as he cuts away the rubbish surrounding a difficulty, which is more tuneful to an ear- nest worker than any self-gratification which the boaster may gather from an elaborate discourse in honor of his own accomplishments. A skilful sawyer, if backed up by energy, is in evidence on every side in any mill where resawing is regularly done. For whatever purpose the lumber may subsequently be used, its fitness is largely determined by the quality of the sawing. Other oper- atives are, in an appreciable degree, affected by the skill with which the resawyer handles his work. If the lum- ber is uniform in thickness, the product ‘may be finished up to standard excellence ; but if it is irregular, no operator, no matter how expert, can turn out perfect work. In any line of work there is a certain fitness and accu- racy of action upon the part of the mechanic which pro- claims ability to the initiated. Its essence is aptness and reasonableness. Its possessor, if a resawyer, has a keen insight into the entire round of active mechanics under his charge and has obtained such mastery over the forces at his command that their action is unerringly directed in the prescribed line. Failure to accomplish the end in view should be care- fully accounted for, and not dismissed as a piece of ill- luck, which it is hoped will not occur again. The source of the difficulty located and understood, will help to insure smooth sailing under the same conditions when they arise again. At the risk of repeating a familiar tale, some of the methods of the fraternity are worthy of being recounted. An ounce of prevention being worth several pounds ot cure, it is wise to take advantage of every precaution. When a new saw is placed on the arbor, see that it is just a fit, neither tight nor loose, and that the mandrel collars are clean. The nut onthe arbor should be an easy fit, so that it will seat itself squarely against the collar when tightened up. A mark on the collars, and the brand or other mark upon the saw, will enable the sawyer to always replace them in the same relative posi- tion ; though apparently a small thing, it is of import- ance. The saw being hung and carefully tested and trued up, by lining the collars with thin paper where required, until it runs true within one hundredth part of an inch, it is jointed off and made perfectly round. The dressing of the teeth is next on the list, and is a subject to which attention may be sharply directed. Between the extremes, where circular saws have been broken by the ignoramus who started them up without either setting or filing the teeth, and who forthwith re- turned them to the maker with his condemnation of their quality, to the man possessed of more zeal than judgment, who, strong in the opinion that you cannot have too much of a good thing, sets the teeth more than twice the thickness of the saw plate and cripples the saw before it is used, there is a golden mean which is just right for the purpose, and all sawyers should determine its limits practically. In any case, the least amount of set which can be carried successfully is the best. This is equally true whether the consideration be smoothness of cut, saving of lumber, easing the labor of the saw, or lessening the power consumed in driving the saw. If a spring set is employed, it should be placed at the point of the tooth only, and not extended down into the plate below the base of the tooth. The latter practice is the 1uination of many saws. Swaging is seldom at- tempted on the teeth of resaws. The proper filing or sharpening of the teeth is an easier subject to determine when the conditions of use are set, than it is to give a description of what could be considered a model. The lumber to be sawed and its condition have much to do with the dressing of the teeth ; the gauge, number of teeth and condition of the saw also have a decided bearing. Last, but by no THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 means least, the machine and its peculiarities must be considered. Speaking generally, the hook inthe teeth may be taken tangent to a circle whose diameter is one-half that of the saw, and the bevel limited to enough to give a clearance to the inner corner of the tooth ; this bevel may be divided between the front and back of the tooth. The depth of the tocth is determined by the gauge and number of teeth in the saw. It should be short for thin gauges. The gullets of the teeth should invariably be kept round by using a rat-tail file. When the saw is in perfect running order, the machine comes in for attention. Thorough inspection of all its working parts 1s required, and any deviation from exact action carefully corrected. The feed-rolls, as usually constructed, wear more rapidly in the lower than in the upper journals, and do not have a uniform bearing upon the lumber ; this point should be sharply looked after, as the correct lining up of the feed-rolls and their perfect action is an essential feature. The action of the reverse and stop motion of the feed-rolls is an important item. It needs to be positive and free from lost motion, as an nstant’s delay in reversing at acritical moment may work great damage. In the majority of circular resawing machines the feed is not capable of variation, when set, except by changing a pulley or shifting a belt. A variable feed, controlled by a conveniently placed lever, is a positive advantage which is appreciated by all sawyers who have a thin saw to handle. When entering a hard shear knot or a shaky place in the lumber, a variable feed is a necessity. When not on the machine a makeshift is employed by using the stop motion, and, by alternately throwing the feed-rolls into and out of gear, jigging the board along a little ata time. This loses time and only meets the re- quirements in an imperfect manner. In other instances where the feed could be judiciously increased, it cannot be done, involving a further curtailment in the quantity of work. A disc friction feed meets the requirements in this direction, and may be found on some of the later- built machines. The guide pins are properly set just to clear the saw near the base of the teeth. The spreaders are the subject of some debate amongst sawyers of experience. This arises principally because they cannot be conveniently adapted to the varying con- ditions which are presented in the different varieties and conditions of lumber brought tothe saw. On some ma- chines the side spreaders are adjustable toward and from the saw inaslight degree. If too large or too small, they must be taken off and replaced by others. A wider range of adjustment under control while the machine is in operation could be made very effective in some cases. When resawing dry pine surfaced on two sides, six and eight-inch boards are sometimes fed into the ma- chine one over the other; this doubling up saves con- siderable time. There is danger of breaking the saw if short stuff is resawed, which leaves the roils before the forward end passes the cear of the saw so that the taker-away can grasp the end of the board. As the board leaves the rolls it is liable to swing, throwing it across the front of the saw. A trough formed by setting upa board on each side of the saw, to hold the lumber in line, is some- times employed. For handling short blocks, six to twenty inches in length, two boards with a cleat along the bottom and at the back edge of each will do the trick. The short pieces are set between and all passed through the rolls at once, thus, in some instances, saving stock which would other- wise go into the kindling pile. Skill in resawing is secured by practice and close at- tention ; it requires good judgment and activity, a quick eye and a steady hand. A thorough knowledge of the machine, saw and lumber is essential. It requires a trained ear. It involves a knowledge of cause and effect and their relative value under varying conditions. It is best attained and retained by asober man. Present attainments should only prepare the way for further improvement. It is within the reach of mill owners and sawyers to secure a handsome advance in the art of re- sawing. Thinner-gauge saws may be used. More lumber can be sawed per hour. Smoother sawing can be done. To accomplish these desirable results, attention should be directed to the following, among other points: By stimulating the improvement of resawing machines and only using those which are substantially built ; by set- ting them up on heavy, independent foundations; by speeding up the saw ; by gradually increasing the feed ; by improving the dressing of the saw teeth ; by using a steady, constant power, and, not least in value, is a well- proportioned and properly-made saw. There are four elements in determining the propor- tions of a resaw practically: First, the skill and judgment of the saw mapufacturer ; next, the experience and abi- lity of the sawyer ; third, the style and perfection cf the machine, including its setting up; fourth, the kind and condition of lumber which is to be sawed. It is a reasonable conclusion, in view of the fact that the element of skill is taken into account in estimating the ability of the sawyer, that if he is a man of capacity he is in the line of advancement. Hence he is one who views with a lively interest anything which enters prac- tically into his round of duties. There is profit in im- provement, both for the mill owner and the sawyer. If the latter is able to rank with the most proficient in his line, he may expect to earn the highest wages prevail- ing in his department of labor. If he can excel and im- prove the quality and economy of the work, he may hope to better his condition. Expert filing has accomplished some wonderful re- sults, and it is probable that resawing will be developed to so high a standard that the lumber will invade the domain of dressed lumber for some purposes. TIMBER MEASURING. Be the Contract Journal an interesting discussion has been carried on concerning methods of measuring tim- ber, from which we print the following. One writer says : “In this age of ready reckoners and calculating tables we are too prone to take for granted the correctness of a calculation without troubling ourselves to verify its ac- curacy. It is true the recognized engineering tables of the present are marvels of ingenuity, and evince long and patient study to arrive at correct conclusions. I would, however, with all due deference to our engineer- ing experts, respectfully ask how they reconcile the system of measuring round timber by the quarter-girt ' process with their theory of arriving at the square of the diameter of a circle? Weare told that the square of the diameter of a circle x °7854 will give us the area, and that the diameter x 3°1416 = the circumference. Now, suppose we take a log of timber 4o ft. long with an even diameter of 2 ft. To find the area, we multiply the square of the diameter—viz., 4 ft. x *7854—which gives us an area of 31416 ft. This multiplied by the length (40 ft.) = 125°664 cube feet. Next, take the same log and find the circumference; thus 2 ft. x 371416 = 6°2832, then divide by 4 to get the side of the square, according to the quarter-girt system ; this will leave 15708. Convert into cubic feet: go ft. x 1°5708 x 1°5708 = 98°6965056, being a difference of nearly 27 cubic feet in favour of the buyer, or over a quarter of the timber with which he is debited. The only conclusion at which I can arrive is that in checking the quarter-girt system, if it was checked, the diameter, and not the square of the diameter, was multiplied by *7854 and the product accepted as the side of a square.” ; A. Mr. Gray writes : “I think no one will contend that the method of measuring by squaring the quarter girth and mulitplying by the length gives the exact cubical contents of a log of round timber. Supposing, for the sake of comparison, it were required to obtain the sec- tional area of a perfectly cylindrical stick of timber. (1) By the most accurate method— Area = dia.z2 x 0°7854. (2) By the quarter-girth process reduced to the same form as (1)— Area = dia., x 0°61685 (or 0°78542). The last will be found to be about a mean between the actual area of the circle and that of an inscribed square, which is Area = dia.2 x 0°5 (or 07071072). In fact, the method, as I take it, is to allow the buyer for the waste in slabbing and reducing to the square, and for irregularities in the shape of the logs.” tA THE CANADA LUMBERMAN MORE ABOUT LEAKS. HERE is another thing in connection with sawing lumber for the different uses. How many men we see, says a writer in Wood Worker, that take an order, go to a pile of lumber, and take as much as they require, just as it comes, where, by laying aside a few boards, they could have taken boards that would either make one piece of the size wanted, or two, and leave practically nothing for waste? This is apt to be the case in small orders as well as in large ones where the stock is sent in. I recall to mind a case in particular where an order was given for a certain amount of stock, to be worked five inches wide. The lumber was sent in just as it run, and after the proper number of lineal feet was cut there was over 200 feet (board measure) of strips left, all the way from three to five inches wide, to be thrown into the waste strips, and the full amount of lumber charged up to the job. Not a great while before or after this job, a sawyer was given an order for the same amount, and went after the stock himself. He chose such lumber as would work to advantage, and after getting out the order had a few small strips from one-half-inch to one and one-half inches wide, making less than 250 feet of stock less than it took for the other order, and perhaps took ten minutes longer to get the stock, as he probably handled a little lumber that had to be put back on the pile after he had taken what he wanted. So I would say to men who do the sawing, work your stock so as to get‘all there is in it. and save making waste strips; for although they may be used for molding, there will be plenty of them anyway. And I would say Marcu, 1895 to foremen and superintendents, watch your men in this particular and teach them to work to advantage. Then when you have a man that works for the interest of the concern, use him well, pay him well and he will be apt to stand by you. Right here let me say that every concern doing any great amount of work in house trim, furniture or sash, door and blind work, should have one good man who thoroughly understands the business, to pick Out stock for the different jobs, so that the material can be placed right at the saw and the sawyer thus be able to keep his machine going nearly all the time ; instead of, as I have seen in some shops, having two or three sawyers, and at least one of them with his helper is out in the yard hunting up stock, and as he doesn’t always know just where to look for certain kinds of stock, it takes him one-half longer than it would a man who attended to that part of the work and nothing else. LUMBERMENS * - &Scatcherd & Son@ % % SUPPLIES & 60. H. P. Eokardt WHOLESALE GROCERS A call from buyers when in the city solicited. Letter orders have careful and prompt attention. CAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well BUF RAL. 105 SENECA SI., TORONTO. - E want to contract with mill men for their winter's *" cut of Sorr ELM, BLACK ASH, BIRCH, BASSWOOD, and ROCK ELM, to be sawed to our order. bill will get as much good lumber out of the log as any. - . WRLE Ge Our saw- as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. DAVIDSON & HAY Wholesale Grocers =2ee TORONTO Me HE DOMINION LEATHER Me BOARD COMPANY MONTREAL MANUFACTURERS OF Friction Pulley Board ROOFING, SHEATHING AND FLOORING FELTS Patent Rossing Machine Why you should use this Rosser..... It will do double the work of any other.: It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark or block out. It is a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. All iron and steel, very simple and durable. It will ross knotty and uneven timber without waste. It occupies about the same space as an ordinary planer. You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. - - MANUFACTURED BY - * EASTMAN LUMBER CO. EASTMAN, QUE. LUMBERMEN’S OUTFIT hs 4 IS NOT COMPLETE WITHOUT...... ANY WIDTH TIRE . 3%, —= one o XLZ inches HEAVY LOG TRUCKS PRICES We solicit a trial order this spring. Our goods are fully warranted. satisfaction in every case. Further information cheerfully furnished. inquiries and orders to BAIN BROS. MFG. CO., Ltd. - We guarantee - Address all Brantford, Ont. McEACHREN’S SYSTEM Heating, Ventilating and Drying The following is a sample of letters I have received from purchasers . . ‘ Orrawa, Oct. rst, 1894. J. D. McEacuren, Galt. ! We have dried over 100,000 feet of stowed hardwood lum- ji} ber in the dry kiln you put in for us about a month ago. | The boards came out in splendid condition. We are now /ifii@y satisfied we have the best dry kiln in the market for speedy and even drying, and comes fully up to your recommenda- tions. The steam trap is an excellent article, worth its weight insilver to us, as it saves a lot of worry and fuel. Yours truly, McRAE & CO. BRANTFORD, March 16th, 1894. J. D. McEacuren, Esq., Galt. : Dear Si1r,—In reply to your favor of the t5th inst., we might state that the Hot Blast Heating System erected by you for our new factory, and driven by an independent engine, is giving us the best of satisfaction. We prefer it to any direct system, either radiators or piping, and has proved very economical. We have had no trouble in keeping the temperature at 70° at zero weather, with only 2 lbs. pressure on the heater. The heat is evenly distributed in the different flats and is under perfect control, and can be raised to the above mentioned temperature in about 20 minutes, the amount of space heated being 135,000 cubic feet. The disc wheel makes’About 400 revolutions per minute and has a great capacity for handling air. The engine makes on an average about 80 revolutions per minute and develops 1¥% H. P. Our office is heated by this system and the air is constantly pure and refreshing. Yours truly, WM. PATTERSON & SON. J. D. McEACHREN GALT, ONT. Marcu, 1895 AMERICAN OAK LUMBER. IMBER, of London, Eng., discourses as follows on American oak lumber. The criticism is rather un- favorable to Canada, but will not be without its value on this account. Says our contemporary : A conspicuous development and important feature of the last quarter of the nineteenth century is to be ob- served in the increased importations of United States oak in contradistinction to, and competition with, that of purely Canadian wood. To those able to carry their minds back some twenty or thirty years, the metamor- phosis will not only be apparent, but almost complete. During the sixties and seventies it was no uncommon sight, in the busy months of July, August, and Septem- ber, to find fifteen or twenty Quebec sailers all discharg- ing parcels of the primest Canadian white oak logs, the bulk of which were as promptly secured by the leading rolling-stock makers ex quay. At this period it was also a regular occurrence for the principal consumers to place orders with individual importing firms to the ex- tent of 100 to 150,000 cubic feet. The timber quays ~ and wharves of several of the larger British ports were often covered with the best and freshest products of the far-famed Canadian forests, which then knew not, nor feared, rivalry in any shape or form. Notwithstanding this state still obtains in a reduced form, there can be but httle doubt that the old-time supremacy of the Can- adian log trade has gone, and will never return. Why the exigencies of progress have compelled a departure so radical, is an ethical point upon which time and space forbid us to dwell. What actually remains of a former huge consumption in the direction named, is confined to THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 15 the relatively small demands of a few railway com- panies, who still believe it to be to their greater advan- age to continue the system of themselves cutting up Canadian logs as required. This applies more strictly to those companies who not only repair, but build, the whole of their new plant, and who have learnt by long experience that length of life, rather than cheapness of material, is the real factor in the cost of permanent rol- ling stock. That Canadian wood still offers the better intrinsic value, with respect either to durability or ex- pense, for railway coach and wagon purposes in parti- cular, cannot be gainsaid. Moreover, it will be found impossible for other smaller requisites to exchange its reliability and tensile strength for that of a modern com- petitor, whose defects as well as merits we do not pro- pose to overlook. What, then, have been the causes of the quiet, but nevertheless far-reaching revolution re- ferred to? Cheapness, adaptability and economical machinery probably best characterize a reversal unique in the annals of commercial enterprise. A glance at the evolution of American forestry in general will show that the Canadian lumberman, together with his vza media, the Quebec shipper, has virtually done nothing progres- sive during the larger portion of one hundred years, beyond cutting down the most suitable woods in the Dominion, hewing them into square or waney logs and rafting them for export to this country-minus_ the-cull pieces. While it is true that most of the American pioneers in the’ oak plank industry, notably Messrs. A. K. Brown, J. Donaldson, and Edward Alcot, have practically be- come extinct operators, an army of small men have rushed into the fray, some, it is to be feared, not wisely, but too well. So keen have the latest school of export- ers become, that for months past they have given the English buyer the most hopeless hostages to fortune in their anxiety to realize their consignments on any terms. As previously pointed out in our columns, this has eventuated in serious depreciation and confusion, so much so that, unless a strong reformatory effort be quickly made by a majority of responsible shippers, irreparable injury must ensue. Is it not patent to all that as the edge of civilization becomes sharper, exact- ness and thoroughness are of necessity the great essen- tials to permanent success? If so, has not the time come when the technical details of foreign markets de- serve enhanced attention? It is plain to the English trade that of the numerous varieties of United States oak, at least one half are unsuitable for conversion, and can never therefore be remunerative to shippers. recent parcels have consisted of poor, soft, red or brown wood, cut from low lying or swampy districts, and next to useless for substantial purposes. Of the endless other consignments, even of those sawed from the tougher and better grown white oak, there has been an utter lack of proper cutting and grading. This applies not merely to wagon scantling but to coffin planks, in which a big demand has sprung up, and where the need of careful quality and precise make is absolute. The total import of United States oak into Great Britain is not much below 3,000,000 cubic feet, annually, and as ‘ts further increase undoubtedly lies in the path of sawed planks and boards, is it not opportune for American lumbermen generally to get close into touch with the stricter requirements of English buyers. Many a ———————————————————e_eee Of 11 == [DUPLEX A SINGLE B.R. Mowry & ND AND MANUFACTURERS OF SAW MILL cis SHINGLE MILL | MAGHINERY Shingle Machineru a Specialty REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND CAREFULLY EXECUTED The “BOSS” Shingle Machine Manufactured by us is acknowledged by { practical men to be The Best Machine yDRA DLIC a rac ER NORTHEY. LD. TORONTO on the Market Gravenhurst, Ont. 16 fe =O DMN PS Sek LUMBERMAN Marcu, 1895 _ LECTRIC LIGHT CASINGS. — Large dealers want to arrange deliveries direct from manufacturers. Probably take entire production. Send particulars and prices cif. Liverpool JOSEPH SMITH & CO., Timber Merchants, Bradford, England. TO LUMBER MEN E are in the market for one million feet of 4 x 4 scantling, and three million feet of 2 inch plank, Plank to be good, common 12 and 16 feet \ as follows : long, 20 per cent. of it 6 inches wide, so percent, 8 inches wide, and 30 per cent. :o.and 12 inches wide. Scantling to be 4 x 4 and 10 to 16 feet long, ccarse, com- mon, square-edged : allto be delivered between June and December, 1895. In quoting, state separate price for white and red pine, and quantity of each yo: wish to contract for.—THE REID CO., OF TORONTO, Ltd. Head office, cor. King and Berkley Streets. No contract will be made for less than 109,000 feet. ~ AMANO FEIce. <.. Conliune (Suu fice (Bi BANK, OFFICI > COURTHOUSE & DRUG STOREFITTINGS ~* Are You Looxine FOR A CHANCE IN LOCATION ? If you are not satisfied with your present site, or if you are not doing quite as well as you would like to, why not consider the advantages of a location on the Illinois Central R. R. or the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley R. R.? These roads run through South Dakota, Min- nesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana, and possess FINE SITES FOR NEW MILLS BEST OF FREICHT FACILITIES CLOSE PROXIMITY TO COAL FIELDS AND DISTRIBUTING CENTERS INTELLIGENT HELP OF ALL KINDS MANY KINDS OF RAW MATERIAL For full information write to the undersigned for a copy of the pamphlet entitled ce rewss WANTING INDUSTRIES and Towns This will give you the population, city and county debt, death rate, assessed valuation of property, tax rate, annual shipments, raw materials, industries de- sired, etc. To sound industries, which will bear investigation, substantial inducements will be given by many of the places on the lines of the Illinois Central R. R. which is the only road under one management running through from the North-Western States to the Gulf of Mexico. GEO. C. POWER Industrial Commissioner I.C.R.R. Co., 506 Central Station, Chicago. GALGCUTT’S Boiler [mprovement A’ person using a.Steam Boiler can save 50 per cent. _of their fuel and get 50 per cent. more power out of their boiler by having GALCUTT’S WATER-TUBE IMPROVEMENT attached. The expense is only a trifle compared to the saving derived. Send for Circular, Box 55, Peter- borough, Ont. Peterborough Steam “«_ Boiler Company CHAS W. MACK CANADIAN MANUFACTURER OF Bucks Patent Flexible or Pneumatic Hand Stamp The only Stamp ever made that will print perfectly on Rough, Uneven, Convex, Concave, Plain, or Yield- ing Surfaces, or for any purpose where a Clear, Sharp and Perfect Impression is desired. 11 KING ST. WEST, TORONTO : SEND FOR PRICE LIST: : > Haines & Gompany | RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS LUMBER DEALERS ESTABLISHED 1867. Buffalo, N. Y. Office and Yards, foot of Erie St. Within 7 minutes’ walk of principal hotels and depots. No. AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. (he SS ; : >) LUMBER TRUCK WEE a Nas" The Montreal Sole Canadian Agents are vag Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. Gar Whéél 60. .... MANUFACTURERS OF.... | Charcoal Iron Ghilied RAILROAD WHEELS OFFICES: NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL Works: LACHINE, QUEBEC We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. 7 ALL. & ‘OY KINDS O71 TIMBER & LUMBER) ROUGH : My CORRESPONDENGE SOLICITED TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES SHURLY & DIETRICH GALT; Oli = SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET CHEMICAL PROGESS OF TENDERING : : Our Silver Steel Saws are Uneaualled se ee | MARcH, 1895 Our Specialty : =| PIKE POLES} COMPLETE ~ JOHN ADAMSON 67 Bloor Street East, TORONTO. Write for prices J, W. MAITLAND W. STODAR1 H. RIXON “MAITLAND, RI RIXON & CO. OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock ~ WE MAKE A reseeciatr® oF LNG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, CEDAR AND HEMLOCK Quotations furnished on application GALT dais ANIL gee J. G. AINSILE =a KNIVES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting —S=—— Send for Price List—— Meer re FIAY, GALT. ONT. Please mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding . with Advertisers .... THH CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 Every Lumberman wants it 45 cents buys it OOFIDNGF'S LUMDEF «« LOG BOOK SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto < gag ag SIXTEEN RBASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM PRACTICAL INFORMATION BAND SAWS BREAK Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory. of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. before been published. The work in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. ONE DOLLAR. Address— It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. ROBIN, SADLER & HAWORTH MANUFACTURERS OF OAK TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL AND TORONTO P. PAYETTES ... PATENT FRICTIONAL FeeD DOUBLE EDCER WITH Tim [n four sizes FULL ir IMPORYE- MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill Machinery Circular Saw Rigs, Light and Heavy Wood or Iron Frames. Rope and Chain Feed for Saw Car- riages. Live Rollers, Wood or Iron. Log Canters, Light and Heavy. Double Edgers, Friction and Direct Feed. Head Blocks, Light and Heavy. Mill Dogs. Saw Guides. Trimmer, Log and Carrier Chains. Set Works. Top Saws. Brass and Iron Fittings. Saw Swage for Circular, Gang or Band. Swing Saws. Trimmers. Butting Tables. Boilers and Boiler Fittings. Shafting, Boxing, Pulleys, Hangers. Paper Frictions, Wood and Iron. Brass and Iron Castings of all kinds. Machinery for Lath Mill. © Shingle Mill. Ne “ Gang Mill. * Re-sawing. «¢ Jack-Ladder. Drag Saw. Engines, Stationary and Marine. MENTS S * Pumps. = | U3 ‘* Making Matches. / Cant Hook Handles. Terms and Mga on application. ‘Panetanuistione Ont: IN A MRT FROM Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAW AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MT PLEASANT, GLARE, REED ITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company’s line of steamships across Lake Michigan. The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all analian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This read traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions : a market for every product of Forest and Field. The policy of the “F.& P. M.” travellers and settlers. is known to all A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. SAGINAW, MICA. GENERAL OFFICES: re OO, ee DY fe 18 THE CANADA L_UMBEEMAn Marcu, 1895 LATH, HEMLOGK, SPRUGE, POPLAR, LUMBER. HEMLOGK, WHITE PINE, wan YELLOW PINE, GYPRESS, an 3 WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE YELLOW POPLAR, 20) te 9 AND GYPRESS RED OAK, WHITE OAK, SPRUGE, Oat. ATH. wi! WV SHINGLES, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, eae INGLES? S36." HEMLOGK, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, WASHINGTON SPRUGE paging IIR: 7 WHITE PINE, WHITE GEDAR, AND FIR. WHITE AND RED OAK AND YELLOW POPLAR RED GEDAR and GYPRESS A SPECIALTY. @— OFFICE: ROOM 23, SCHMARTZ BUILDING, 86 WATER STREET >) PITTSBURGH, PA. Canada Atlantic Railway OTTAWA, ARNPRIOR AND PARRY SOUND RAILWAY e— OPERATING THE Ottawa and New York Lumber Line - Ottawa and Boston Lumber Line - Canada A tlantic Fast Freight Line (Operating over the Grand Trunk, Central Vermont, and Boston and Maine Railways.) —: SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE : - For through rates, information and list of lumber dealers, apply to any officer of these lines or connections, or to ... FROM AND TO... e TORONTO MONTREAL BURLINGTON = Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade Ontario Agent, Board Trade DETROIT HALIFAS NEW YoREK e y TONAWANDA PORTLAND ALBANY, &C. GC. J. SMITH AND ALL POINTS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. General Freight Agent = OTTAWA. P. S.—The opening of the Ottawa, Amprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa to the Georgian Bay, offers to the manufacturer and purchaser a new district not heretofore reached by any other line. The Xxx Saw GUMMEP aid Sharpener ee jj. AASNORIVAL FOR VARIETY, GAPAGITY OR QUALITY Or WORK «».OR FOR... SIMPLICITY, DURABILITY, CHEAPNESS Will take saws from 6 inches to 6 feet diameter ; sets the saw forward one tooth at a time automatically ; sharpens any saw (rip or crosscut) perfectly, giving the teeth any desired pitch or bevel, and making all the teeth exactly alike. Will sharpen 20 teeth in an ordinary saw mill in one minute, or 100 teeth in a shingle saw in four or five minutes. The cut shows outline of mill saw 54-inch diameter. GILMOUR & CO. - Lumber Manufacturers and Dealers TRENTON, ONT., 26th August, 1891 3 : : F. J. DRAKE, Belleville, Ont. : Dear Sir,—Your Patent Saw Sharpener is giving us good satisfaction. We average about 100,000 shingles per day, and sharpen the saws for both automatic and hand-feed machines with your Sharpener. As it keeps the teeth all perfectly uniform it must be easier on the ma- chine and sawyer too. It causes also a great saving in files. We now use only about one ten-inch file per week. Before putting in your machine we used about six per week. As re- gards your Improved ‘‘XXX” Shingle Packer—it works first-rate and is the only machine we could get that would press tight enough. We consider it the best we ever had. Yours truly; GILMOUR & CO. MANUFACTURED ONLY BY E. J. Daa BELLEVILLE, Grr. MARCH, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAWN _ FRONT - BACK = REAR View—it seall the same-—trom ee _.. Ne ...every point the... A Siands . . Ly Unrivalled es fs @ORs View—New Allis Band. Weight Summetrical & - Proportion ml Rigid Desi Front View—New Allis Band. Only Band with upper wheel in center of shaft and column. Only Band with both wheels hung inside of frame. Patent safety lower wheel removes all SN wo casting strain on wheel. Back View—New Allis Band. $000000000000000000 /M EVERY POINT THE FAVORITE TAKEN FROM ACTUAL IMPRESSIONS | Place your orders early——_===——Correspondence solicited. i? 1 FRomSaws; = [IN ADJOINING THREE Curs | Tine! pees ior A GO" CiRcULAR’ #. se“ WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA BAND a oe ioe J J r 44| Gauce fia. | Heavy Saw Mill Machinery (Correspondence solicited. A SPECIALTY. ESGABLISAED 1844. THE CANAD ZA LuUMpEE rE heAT! Marcu, 1895 J. B. WALL, President. VINE CRANDALL, Vice-President. M. M. WALL, Treasurer. BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER CO. .. WHOLESALE DEALERS IN. * HARDWOOD LUMBER * ARTIES manufacturing or having for sale Birch, Maple O ELx STREET a. ae Basswood, Soft or Rock Elm, White or Brown Se 24 Ash, &c., should correspond with us, as we are always in the market for such desirable stock. B U i F ALO, N . ¥ : , Annual Sales, 25,000,000 Feet. We have our own Salesmen in New York and New England. Sa ois ers, matic Esai Dyes chines for eneer, Planer aad rates assidy, Bonner Emery yl ee DONOGH & OLIVER e & Co, a MANUFACTURERS OF The Tanite Co.. “s WHOLESALE DEALERS IN New York, 161 Wa siaeton pire Ree eetreciauct eS : PURE OAK - TANNED ———— LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES “2ATHER BinmG Og 5cP ig MONTREAL Lumber, Lathe Singles TORONTO ; 204-205 Board of Trade Building. é BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. It pays to advertiogtin Tue CanaDA LUMBERMAN A. +R. + WILLIAMS . Soho Machine Works, TORS BRAGEBRIDGE, ONT. MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN — SS OSS SERS SSS ESS ESESIS GS Saw Mill Machinery. Shingle Mill Machinery 7 Hoop and Vener Mill Machinery Wood-working Machinery lron-working Machinery ‘ Si ELEGTRIG LIGHT PLANTS, ELEGTRIG ANOTORS. ENGINES AND BOILERS OF ALL SIZE. SESS faa Write for a Circular and Catalogue, mentioning this advertisement. STURTEVANT : DRY * KILN? PLANTS EXCEL ALL OTHERS IN EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY. SEND FOR SPECIAL STURTEVANT DRY KILN CATALOGUES. A. R. WILLIAMS - Soho Machine Works TORONTO ee ee a Wael i Y Tene IOUT» Vouume XVI ) TORONTO, ONT., APRIL, 1895 Mtge Clniesy tos Cente? IN USE BY Bight Mesenims Governments BEST ANTI-FRICTION METAL FOR High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, ead Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper- mill, Pgenlen- mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS Meee NOLGA METAL CoO. mi TOMO ON OICAGO OSCE, TRADERS, BUILDING. g oo, AGENTS 74 Cortlandt St.. NEW YORK ees 6 i A U TO M AT l Cc MO RSE is "VALVE ‘MACH IN E THe M | NJ ECTOR sete will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. Should be in every Lumber Mill JET PUMPS. . WATER GAGES 85 OOO Engineers have OIL CUPS p) used it, and de- ARE THE BEST CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. owes eotou: | EYENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. DETROIT, MICH. clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. aa] Reseating Sa DARLING ae WIDRS —E MANUFACTURERS . ‘¢ Reliance Works,’’ MONTREAL. | 9999OOO09040OHO0O00000000H 900009 c. C. CLEVELAND G. F, CLEVELAND © © 2 © What do you do ————sm 4 © © John Bertram SK Sons J L Goodhue X 60 © when the Band Saws Break ? ° CANADA TOOL WORKS Siena < 3 Why, Solder them, of course $ DUNDAS = ONTARIO. Pa kG te 3 We supply a tough quality of silver solder > == ana praras = led tlh for thi ke mlanices Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING eoee } rs nates Tas Eek et ~ ae began ae anp LACE LEATHER 8 p.W.ELLIS&CO. - TORONTO $ : © aa Manufacturing Jewelers On’ CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. m= © ‘ © | Danville, Que H0OH0OHOOHOOOOOOOHOOOHHOHOOOOHOHOOHOOOOD ER BURNS SAN GO--o>-Torom ———— MANUFACTURERS OF ——— Circular and Long Saws # SV UP IV VV FE PPP VPP VPP EYP PPP CARS PASS, S TIS PARKDALE.) * OF FiGe m1 ¥ SHINGLE SAWS A_SPECIALTY % — ; SeVANDS 2 THE “BURNS” CROSS-CUT SAW HANDLE 0 The Strongest, Most Durable and Easily Adjusted Handle ever invented. i PATENTED JUNE 26, 1893 © ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR iT | SN R KE DD’ >on : = ore WR Ry < 1 : Ob th at 4 ne iy} v ee hee .. ! ; one. } 7 ‘hia ny h SA A * wail” e*.3 ana . MV " PU ae eT ee ee eg 0” Vie ee eee an a 4 end dal < - 4 +s “a et i ll ae mie THE CANAD Aa) USE E rm A Aprit, 1895 THE NEW PRESCOTT Band Saw Mia ™ sll é | An SS | THM \ \N | | i TT | ASN NS \ S THE WM. HAMILTON MFG. CO., LTD. i PETERBOROUGH, ONT. . Branch Office: Wancouver, B. C. bo aa Se a _ 4% oT * last,” was the response. T# CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVI. NUMBER 4. TORONTO, ONT., APRIL, 1895 4 TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR | Single Copies, 10 Cents. CHARACTER SKETCH. ALEXANDER McARTHUR. “ He put his conscience into every stone that he laid.”—Hugh Miller. ieee the celebrated Scottish stone-mason and man of much learning—Hugh Miller—said of a certain vadividual in his own line of trade could well have been said of the late Alexander McArthur, president of the McArthur Bros. Co., Ltd. The deceased had reached a high degree of success in the business he followed, and he owed this largely to the fact that into everything he undertook he put conscience. Quiet and unassuming to all outward appearance, Mr. McArthur was at the same time a tireless worker, a man of indomitable will and wonderful energy. The great business he built up owes its pre-eminent position of to-day to the fact that these elements played a foremost part in his career. Alexander McArthur was born at Williamstown, in the county of Glengarry, on 11th of April, 1839, and was, therefore, in his 54th year when death so suddenly overtook him a few weeks ago. Hecame of a typical Scotch-Canadian family. Glengarry, though separated far by distance from the native hills of Scotland, yet, so thoroughly reflects Scottish sentiment and character, that the man who is born there and lives there for any length of time is quickly impregnated with the characteristics common to the Scottish race. The Scottish quality of endurance, and working out a fixed plan determinedly, was a strong element in the character of Mr. McArthur. When about 24 years of age Mr. McArthur removed from his eastern home to Toronto, and continuously during these 30 years he remained one of the most re- spected residents of the city of his adoption. Lumbering was his business, and he gave to it his best thought and energy. He showed himself possessed of large business foresight, and he had not been engaged many years in the lumber trades before he realized that, if not then, at least, not far distant in the future, timber would be an asset that would bring a large return to any man who owned it. The McArthur Bros. Co. have always been owners of extensive timber limits and out of these they have made a great deal of money. For many years they have given particular attention to the British trade in lumber, and their principle operations to-day are in the United Kingdom. At Gracechurch st., Lon- don, Eng., they have had a permanent office for some years under capable management. They are also large operators in other parts of the United Kingdom. Among Michigan lumbermen the firm of McArthur Bros. has for years been well known, and Mr. Peter McArthur, a inember of the company, has for 20 years been a resident of that State, at present making his home in Detroit. In a business sense Mr. McArthur always recognized the value of a good name. He was careful to carry this himself in person. He was equally exacting in seeing that a good name should be attached to all his transac- tions, and the stamp of A ina circle when seen on a piece of Canadian timber was one of the best recomimen- dations that could be given of the quality of that timber, for the McArthur Bros. Co. would place their name on nothing that was not reliable. ‘ The Marquis de Spinola asking Sir Horace Vere what his brother died of, Sir Horace replied, ‘He died, sir, of having nothing to do.” “Alas,” said Spinola, “that is enough to kill any general of us all.” The writer, speaking of Mr. McArthur to a dumber friend a short time after his death, remarked on the faculty deceased had for work. “ Practically he was at his desk up to the Of course, he died away from home, whither he had gone to seek health, impaired somewhat, as a result of close application to business, but when at"home he was ever at it, and always at it. Naturally he was a man ofstrong and vigorous physique and of active habits, and could have had little thought that his end was so near. Being a limited hability company the death of its late president will make no difference in the management and plans of the McArthur Bros, Co. Mr. Peter Mc- Arthur, of Detroit, succeeds his brother as president of the company, and Toronto continues the headquarters, with branches in Montreal, Quebec, Detroit, London, Eng., and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, all under capable management. Besides the brother Peter, the deceased leaves behind him an elder brother, Mr. Archi- bald McArthur, who still resides at the old homestead in Glengarry county, and there conducts a sawmill business. Another brother is Dr. R. D. McArthur, a successful physician of Chicago. Of his own family there remains a widow and five children, of whom, quoting the words of Timber, “In later years they will never want friends while Mr. McArthur is remembered, and-will have the Tue LATE ALEXANDER MCARTHUR. inheritance of a name unblemished and unquestioned business integrity and fair dealing.” Mr. McArthur was interested, tono small extent, in mining operations in Canada, and here, asin everything that he touched, success met him. GETTING OUT TEAKWOOD LOGS. Ww take the following information in regard to the teak industry in Siam from a paper read before the Indian Section of Arts by Mr. Charles Stuart Leckie, who for the last fifteen years has been a resident of Siam in the interest of the Borneo Company. Mr. Leckie says: When we come to the next important industry of Siam, the teak trade, we have a trade almost entirely British. In the northern towns of Chiengmai and Lakon one meets with British houses established in business, directing the working of the teak forests; one meets with British Burmans and Shans in numbers working the forest contracts, and when the teak has been passed down to Bangkok you find three steam mills belonging to British firms, and only one worked by a Chinese- Siamese firm. There are four smaller establishments with some machinery—one an Anglo-French firm, another Austrian-French, a Dutch and an Italian—but those four firms together do but a very small import business. In these mills you again find only British machinery. As the export of teak from Siam is almost entirely confined to Europe (the cargoes being sold through London), or Bombay or Hongkong, one may speak of the teak trade of Siam as a British trade, carried on by British capital and British management. London merchants have put down large sums of money in the north cf Siam in this teak industry, for the business entails the employment of a large capital. There are no German or French firms connected with the northern teak forest works. Ten years ago the British trade in teak was confined to the Bangkok district, and the only means open to the Bangkok merchants of securing teak was by buying raits of rough timber from the natives as they reached Bangk- ok, or by buying hand-sawn squared teak from the Chinese hand-sawyers in Bangkok. Nowadays the British firms work the wood themselves out of the forests, and pass it down the rivers to their Bangkok mills. A teak forest is generally supposed to be something entirely different from what it actually is. One can go up the bed of a stream flowing into one of the northern rivers, and you may walk miles without seeing a single teak tree. You meet with paddy-fields, dense jungle, open jungle, mountain gorges, splendid scenery, but the thing you meet with seldom enough, when looking for it keenly, is a teak tree. The teak grows here and there on the sides of the hills which spread for miles from the stream, and although in places it grows in rich patches, it was never my fortune to get into a really rich patch. The method of the work is tedious. A forester sends his elephants, in care of their mahouts, into the forest, for which his employers have a lease from the govern- ment or the working rights from the holder of the lease, and drags, during the rainy season, as many logs as his elephants can manage to the bank of the stream. It 1s quite a usual thing for the teak to be dragged four or five miles to the stream, and it is a good forest which can show a record of fifty logs being worked by one elephant in one season. After passing through the rapids, which descend to the lowlands extending from the sea to the foot of the north- ern plateaus, the wood is caught by rafters and tied up into rafts ot one hundred and fifty on the Me Ping, or one hundred logs in the Eastern River, and sent on down the four hundred miles or so to Bangkok in care of the rafters. The rafting waters are from June to November. The work is slow, for the average time used in delivering a teak tree into Bangkok from its stump where it was felled is about three years, although the distance actually covered is not over six hundred miles. The Burmese and Shan foresters who work for the British firms are all British subjects, and, as the trade is carried on for the most part through them, the teak trade in the forests is really a British trade. The owners of the forest leases, with but few exceptions, are the Laos chiefs and princes, who receive a royalty on every log worked oui of a forest, and the government collects a second duty before the wood enters Bangkok. The labor is mostly supplied by the native hill tribes, Kamouks and Kariengs. Kamouks come to teak workings from across the Mekong, and, as they are now being cared for by the paternal government of France, it is possible our labor problem in the teak forests may become diffi- cult. The annual export of teak from Siam to Europe, Bom- bay and Hongkong is likely to increase as the northern forest work gets better oiganized and the elephant force employed increases. The annual supply of rough logs into Bangkok is so entirely dependent on the rainfall for the year that there must always be the great variation in quantity shown by the export lists of the past six or eight years. Timber, London, Eng - ‘‘ Pitch pine timber has perhaps never been sold at such low figures. The prevailing spot prices have effectually stopped all c. i. f. transactions.” ae A ens ————————— 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1895 VALUE OF FOREST TREES. By THEIR REPRODUCTION AND CARE. LECTURE of much importance to the people of Canada was delivered by Mr. H. G. Joly de Loth- biniere in the Somerville course, in the Natural History Society’s building, Montreal, Que., a fortnight ago, the subject being : “The Value of Forest Trees, Individu- ally and Collectively.” Hon. J. K. Ward, one of the best known lumbermen of Quebec, and himself a careful student of forestry, oc- cupied the chair. . The Chairman in introducing Mr. Joly, said: “ I deem it an honor to have this opportunity of introducing a gentleman whose name and character are as familiar as household words to all of Canada, and far beyond it, not only for his public services, but as a scientist in the Mr. H. G. JoLy DE LOTHBINIERE. art of arboriculture and forestry. It would be folly on my part to attempt to eulogize one so able and willing to tell us how the woods indigenious to our country can be propagated, conserved and made to beautify the land. He can also tell us the commercial value of the product of the forest, how it supplies the material that furnishes employment to a great number of men, representing a large population, and making up the greatest industry in our country, except agriculture ; how the lumberman with his axe carves his way into the woods, making his road ashe goes along, building his shanty and stables, cutting down the giants of the forest to be converted into timber and sawlogs, hauling them to the lakes and, streams, down which they are floated in the spring, fol- lowed by the hardy driver, cant-dog in hand, until they reach the mills, where they are made into boards, planks and deals ; then the artisans, mechanics and laborers, who build and man the mills, steamboats, ships and barges, to freight all this material to its many points of distribution, to the hundreds of workshops where it is manipulated into every conceivable article from a piano frame to the tiny match. Then as to the utility of the forest, though it may not attract the rain or influence its downfall, there can be no doubt as to its regulating the flowing of the waters by holding them back in the glades and swamps, sheltering the land from the fierce rays of the sun, preventing evaporation to a great extent, and thus equalizing the flow of water, preventing oftentimes damaging floods and dried-up streams.” THE LECTURE. As to the value of forest trees individually, Mr. Joly said,:timber for use as fuel, and for the construction of houses, ships, etc., could easily be replaced by coal and iron, but nothing could displace the forests for the laying up and dispensing gradually the store of water necessary to the fertility of the land, upon which depended the life of nations. Many instances, he said, had been found on the old continent of the fatal results following the destruction of the forest, once fertile land, being trans- forined into wildernesses. In Algeria, Southern France, Colorado, Idaho and the West, Mr. Joly continued, forests have been planted more for the sake of water and irrigation than for the timber they will yield. The forest acts as a screen against the drying winds, which suck the moisture of the land. It is even claimed that they increase the rainfall. Their temperature being lower than that of the open country, it is said that they cause the vapor in sus- pension to condense and descend in the form of rain. How are we provided with forest trees in our old settlements? Many lands have been denuded of their natural forests, and the scarcity is now seriously felt by the farmers. There is a very simple remedy: plant trees. It is not easy to procure young forest trees, worth planting. The trees raised in the nurseries can generally be relied upon, and they are sold at moderate prices, but, owing to distance, want of easy communications, delays in for- warding and delivering (which are often cause that the trees, when received, are unfit for planting) and to the cost, however moderate, it is very seldom that the farm- ers have recourse to the nurseryman for the forest trees they intend planting (I do not allude, here, to fruit trees). They generally go to the woods for them, often a dis- tance of several miles. Those who have tried it know how hard it is to find such trees as they want, how much time and trouble it takes to dig them up, and how im possible it 1s, even with the greatest care, to avoid wounding and tearing off the roots. They know, too, how little satisfaction they have generally derived from all that work. Trees taken out of the forest and trans- planted on the open are placed at a great disadvantage ; they fail so often that people get discouraged, and many give up tree planting, as too difficult an undertaking. Nothing is easier ; in the proper season, with soil fit to grow the kind of tree you wish to plant, if the tree is in good order, with a little care you ought to succeed. But the trees you dig out of the woods are seldom in good order, and they cost you a high price in time, if not inmoney. If you wish for good trees, in great num- ber, safe to grow, without trouble nor expense, procure them from a nursery, but let that nursery be your own. Any farmer can start, in the corner of his garden, a nursery of forest trees, by sowing the seeds of the trees he wishes to plant. With a little observation, it is easy to find out when the seed is ripe; for instance, towards the end of June, beginning of July, the seed of the elm and of the soft maple (acer rubrum) is ripe ; by sowing it at once it will sprout and the little trees grow nearly one foot in height this summer. The maple, oak, ash, birch, butternut, &c., ripen their seed in autumn ; better sow it at once than winter it in the house. Sow in straight rows, with a garden line, leaving a picket at each end to guide you when weeding Sow, say half an inch deep, for the maple seed, and for other kinds, in proportion to the size of the seed, two or three inches deep, for butternut and walnut. Thin after the first year, if needed, and transplant further on the little trees removed in thinning. After three or four years, more or less, (the time will depend on the rate of growth of each kind of tree) plant your young trees where they are destined to stay. In our cold climate it has been established beyond a doubt that the spring is the proper season for planting. It is always a great trial for a tree to be transplanted, but much less so in the spring, when everything is in its favor, than in the fall, when everything is against it. Choose a cloudy or rainy day in the spring, and, without leaving home, with no trouble, without breaking any roots, you will take up and plant at once, without allowing the roots time to dry, one hundred young trees, certain to grow in less time than it would take you to go the woods and dig up ten trees, with a poor chance of their taking root and living. These young trees will cost you nothing ; your child- ren will soon learn how to weed and take care of them, es- pecially if you set them the example. Our own children when quite young, took pleasure in sowing acorns and watching the growth of the young oaks as they came up. By sowing, you can procure, with no expense, any num- ber of young trees, and rewood, by degrees, all the land which is not fit for cultivation and ought to have been kept as wood land. There is a general prejudice against growing forest trees from seed’; people think it takes too long. Itisa a great mistake, as will be found on trial. Here Mr. Joly showed samples of black walnat, soft maple, oak and elm, grown by him from seed ; these samples con- sisting of trees one year, two years and three years old, showing the great progress of growth from one year to the next. But, do not forget to fence carefully your nursery and your plantations, so as to keep out the cattle. No use planting trees without fences, the cattle will destroy everything. : In many cases nature will spare you the trouble of sowing where the ground is favorable, in July and Aug- ust, alony the ditches, the roads, the fences, on the moss on barren patches ; wherever there is a little dampness in the neighborhood of the elms and soft maples, you will find hundreds of young elms and maples, just sprung from the seed fallen from those trees ; plant them in your nursery ; try it this summer; the seed of the elm is so minute and delicate that it is better to pick up those young seedlings than to attempt sowing the seed. | In the maple groves the ground is covered with a regular carpet of young maple seedlings. You can pull them up easily by hand in the fall or early spring, when the ground is still damp, without breaking any of the small roots. Plant them at once in your nursery. It is very difficult to collect pine and spruce seed. Early in the spring, when the ground is still soft and spongy, in the pastures, near where those trees grow, ~ you will see a number of young pines and spruces that | you can pull up very easily ; plant them at once, for that kind of tree you must shelter them from the sun until they are well rooted. Whenever the ground of a garden has been dug up and worked in the fall, if there are any maple or ash growing in the neighborhood, it will be noticed that the ground, in the spring, is more or less covered with maple Hon. J. K. Warp. and ash seedlings, grown from the seeds fallen from those trees. It takes a very little time to pull up and replant hundreds of them, and scarcely any of these will fail. Of course they must not be pulled up too roughly or it may damage the delicate roots; if the ground is too hard, use a trowel. As much as practicable, they ought to pulled up when they have only got their two first leaves, which are easily known by their peculiar shape, long and narrow, from one inch and a half to two inches long and about a quarter of an inch wide. For several years past I have been seeking the cheap- est and, at the same time, most effective mode of restor-_ ing the woods, where they have been destroyed. Many of our old settlements are completely denuded of trees, and I can recommend this simple mode as the best, from my personal experience. Let those who suffer for the want of fuel, of timber for building, of trees for shei- ter and ornament; and those who would look to have a sugar maple grove at their door; let them start their own nurseries this very next summer. It will entail no expenditure of money, take but very little time and re- pay them bountifully. Mr. Joly, continuing, alluded to the number of black _ a ee much water it can absorb and retain. APRIL, 1895 7THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 walnuts (over ten thousand) sown in the district of Mon- treal within the last two years. He based his calcula- tion on the number of bushels imported by Mr. Wm. Evans, seedsman, of Montreal, who has taken much in- terest in the matter. Mr. Joly said he felt a sense of responsibility toward those who had made the experi- ment at his request, and would tell them all be had learned on the subject bv eighteen years personal ex- perience. He showed samples of black walnut fifteen years old, for which he had been awarded a medal at the Chicago Columbian Exposition. Though he had not yet received that medal, the mere fact that our black walnut was so much appreciated by competent foreign judges ought to be an encouragement for us. Those trees had begun to yield nuts when twelve years old, and he showed young trees grown from these nuts, one, two and three years old, of a fine vigorous growth. Then he came to the difficulty experienced in trans- planting the black walnut, owing principally to the great length and depth of the tap root ; showed several samples illustrating the way in which the natural downward di- rection of the tap root could be altered, by placing a flat stone or other obstacle under the nut when sown, so as to send the tap root horizontally near the surface, instead of letting it run down perpendicularly toa great depth. Hepreferred, however, cutting thetaprootaboutten inches or a foot under ground, with a good neat cut, removing every wounded part of the smaller roots, and he exhibited several samples, showing how rapidly a number of new roots had formed all around the end of the old root when that end had been carefully trimmed. He then alluded to the fact that the head of the black walnut very often dried up after transplanting, but this was no loss, as, by allowing one of the buds lower down on the stem to de- velop itself, and removing the next year the dead wood above it, one secured a fine straight leader ; in fact, he often removed the head when growing, if he was not satisfied with the shape, thereby improving the tree. Of course, it was better to avoid transplanting the black walnut, by sowing the nut at once where the tree was destined to grow, but for a large plantation that was not always practicable, as it required the previous preparation of a large extent of ground, and much more trouble in weeding and looking after a number of little seedlings scattered over that extensive ground than if the same number of seedlings had been growing close to one another on the limited surface of the seed bed. Furthermore, as only a certain portion of the nuts sprouted, one could not rely on a regular plantation, when sowing them at once where they were meant to remain. It would bea good precaution in the latter case to sow three or four nuts in each hole. Beware of squir- rels ; they are very fond of the nuts and are guided by a wonderful instinct in looking for them in the ground. They never make a mistake, do not fumble to the right or left, but go straight to the spot where the nut 1s hidden in the ground. As the burl, that part of the tree which is found under- ground, is of the greatest value, selling by the pound weight when cut up in thin strips for veneering, it is a question whether transplanting, though not affecting the ultimate success of the remainder of the tree, may not interfere with the full development of the burl. Time will show. He drew attention to the beautiful tracings and patterns on the burls of the black walnuts he had exhibited at Chicago. As for the severe cold of our Canadian winter, Mr. Joly’s experience tends to show that it affects those parts of the black walnut, the roots, which one would think safely sheltered under ground, much more serious- ly than the stem and branches, which stand out boldly and with no protection, exposed to the icy breath of the north winds. As the black walnut grows very rapidly, sometimes it does not mature the whole of the summers growth, and a few inches at the end of the new branches may get burnt by the frost, but the dam- age is scarcely noticeable. On the other side, one look at the tap root, which is much thicker than the stem, shows how soft and spongy its composition is when young, and how In exposed places, where the wind sweeps away the snow as it falls, and leaves the ground completely bare, the first great frosts congeal suddenly the water in the roots, and cause them to expand and burst the bark that covers them, separating it completely from the roots and leaving them bare. This kills the young tree as assuredly as if the whole bark was stripped off the stem. It took some time before he could account for the death of many pro- mising young trees, as he was looking for the cause above ground; the moment he looked under ground, and saw the roots stripped of their bark, the remedy suggested itself at once—to retain the snow as it fell at the foot of the trees, by preventing the wind from sweeping it away. Either a fence or hedge or some stones, or any other obstacle anwers the purpose equally as well. Since then he has not lost any walnut trees froin that cause. The last point was the care of trees after planting them. Inthe open, along the roads, avenues, and in isolated groups, all trees, except fir trees, grown solely for ornamental purposes, require pruning. Planted in close order and in large numbers, after a few years’ growth they prune themselves. Mr. Joly alluded to the careless habit of pruning obseivable in so many places, the leaving of stumps too long to be covered by the growing bark before they began to rot. He illustrated his meaning with samples, showing the inevitable pro- gress of decay from the time when a branch had been removed, leaving a stump, until that stump began to decay ; then he showed that decay, penetrating gradually into the stem, reaching the heart and finally killing the tree. Close pruning was the only safe pruning. He showed eight samples of good pruning: In the first the branch (a large one several inches in diameter) had been cut as close to the tree as it was possible to cut it; im the second, the bark was beginning to form like lips round the wound, and each successive sample showed the drawing closer and closer together of these lips, and the gradual healing of the wound until in the last it had completely disappeared. A ninth sample showed by a cross section of a wound so healed how thoroughly the tree had recovered from it. In conclusion, Mr. Joly made a strong appeal to the present generation, asking them earnestly to repair the damage done to the forest by those who had preceded them, telling them that, if they did not all live long enough to enjoy the fruit of their labor, their reward would be in the feeling that if those who came after them would reap the benefit of their woik, it would not be lost. Leen eengE nena) COMPRESSED WOOD. HE enormous advance which has of late taken place in the price of some of the hardwoods required in various special branches of trade, says the English Mechanic, has directed attention to the possibility of producing some less expensive material as a substitute, and in one branch of trade this has been carried out with very successful results. For the manufacture of loom shuttles boxwood has hitherto been very largely used, but the price of this de- scription of wood has become almost prohibitive, and it has been found that by compression of cheaper classes of timber—teak being about the most suitable for this purpose—a substitute meeting all the requirements can be obtained. ; For carrying out this purpose, Sir Joseph Whitworth & Co., of Manchester, have completed for Robert Pickles of Burnley, a powerful hydraulic press to be used in compressing timber for loom shuttles. This press con- sists of a strong-cast-iron top and bottom, with four steel columns and steel cylinder, with a large ram. In the center of this ram is fitted a smaller ram, with a rec- tangular head, fitting into a die which is placed on the top of the large ram. The timber is put into this die, and a pressure of fourteen tons per square inch is ap- plied. The pressure is then relieved, and the large ram decends. The top pressure block, which fits the die, is then removea, and the small ram rising pushes the tim- ber out at the top of the die. The timber so treated is made very dense and uni- form, and so close-grained that it is capable of taking a very high finish. For the manufacture of shuttles it has been found as good as boxwood, and there is no doubt it might be applied to other branches of industry where expensive hardwoods have been used. DRY ROT. RY rot is about the worst enemy timber has. In fact, if attacked by it the fall of the wood is only a matter of time. The struggle may be long or short, but dry rot is always the victor. Every reader knows that, and if he be an owner—we do not say a builder— of property, he bears the acknowledged fact well in mind, and does everything he can to prevent it occurring. It does seem strange to say it, but diy rot is damp rot, and occurs only where there is damp. This may seem stranger still, since dry rot has been thought to occur in dry places. The places though were only apparently dry, or the wood was damp. What are the causes of this fell complaint? It may be due tothe fact that a parasite has entered through a branch wound in the tree while standing in the forest, and continues to grow in the tree even after it is cut down, providing the weod contains a portion of its moisture ; such wood will suffer from dry rot when used. Perfectly sound timber may be infected during the time it is lying in the forest, as, for instance, when peeled timber is in immediate con- tact with the ground. Every timber merchant knows that the bottom plank of a stack is often covered with the white fungus, a fact which illustrates the above point. Peeled timber piled upon supports and exposed to the air throughout, stands little chance of being affect- ed. The germs of dry rot may be produced, though, in timber exposed to the heat of the sun. The wood cracks and the rain enters, carrying with it any spores (seeds) it may contain. The wood then swells and the cracks close, and decomposition enters upon its first stages. Thus timber merchants and others can not be too care- ful about piling logs, round or square, or timber and planks, and of protecting them from rain and heat, that is, provided they desire to have perfect timber. It is maintained by authorities who know much more upon the subject, that dry rot is also more likely to affect tim- ber felled in summer, than timber cut in winter. Winter felling takes place in the lowlands (abroad) and in the less elevated mountains. In these districts the timber is chiefly removed from the forest by land, after it has lain with or without the bark. Such timber is either free from spores, or should it contain spores that have entered by cracks formed in the alburnum (sapwood) during drying, it is asserted that it afterwards remains dry, and therefore sound, because the spores are unable to germinate in dry wood. On all the higher mountains felling takes placein summer. The wood is peeled and piled on supports, and in winter is conveyed on the snow to the streams, and rafted in the spring. The timber cracks just after felling, and the spores enter. During floating, the logs are saturated and the cracks close. On reaching the saw mills, the logs are indiffer- ently piled all together, and do not dry ; while the sum- mer weather is suitable for the germination of the spores ; again the initial stages of dry rot commence. Red stripes in timber and brown-colored wood are sure signs that the stuff will suffer from dry rot when used.— Timber News, Liverpool, Eng. SOME STRONG FOREIGN WOODS. NE of the strongest timbers in existence is said to be the Borneo. ironwood, whose breaking strain is- 1.52 that of English oak. It is of a dark brown color, turning to a deep red when seasoned, and becoming as black as ebony on long exposure. It neither swells nor shrinks under any degree of dryness or humidity. The white ant and teredo fail to perforate or destroy it. It weighs 80 pounds per square foot, that of lignum vite 83 pounds, boxwood 88 pounds, ebony 74 pounds, and African oak 62 pounds. The Quebarcho wood in Argentina, is said to have extraordinary durability. Posts that have been in the ground one hundred and fifty years, in soil alternately sodden by tropical rains or parched by great heat, were found to be in sound ccndi- tion. This wood is free from attacks by insects, does not decay and is not compressible, and weighs 78 pounds per cubic foot. These qualities make it a splendid ma- terial for railroad ties. nl John Nicol, jr., Queensboro, Ont.: “I would not be without the CANADA LUMBERMAN for twice the _price of it.” 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH Sees Cc. H. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL ‘TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy,,One Year: inradvance: 5. yes saree cee oe $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ................cccececeeces 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue CanapDA LUMBERMAN is published in the inter~ sts of the lumber trade and of allied industries througheut the Domin* . being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branct icf uecvu-erc> of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all suLiccts touching these nal discussing thes> topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetri - Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute toa fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘WanTED” and ‘For Sate” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- aents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. THE SPRUCE SITUATION. THE organization a month ago, at Boston, of the Northeastern Lumbermen’s Association, has brought the matter of spruce prominently to the front. The purpose of the Association is to protect the spruce manufacturers of Maine and the Maritime Provinces by fixing prices that would leave to them a fairly profitable margin. The question that has been agitating the spruce market since that date is whether these prices can be main- tained. It is a big jump from the figures that were ob- tained a year ago, and buyers do not take at all kindly to the increased rate, and are helding off making pur- chases, believing that the figures cannot stand. Secretary James claims that a step of this kind has become necessary, because of the rapid depletion of the spruce forests: This has introduced a nice question of forestry, but those who do not hold with the Association view say that there 1s very little in this; it is simply allowed to serve as a very pretty background. As a matter of fact, it is claimed, there is no danger of the supply of spruce becoming exhausted for many years in the future. Whether this be so or not we shall not discuss at the present time. Suffice it to remark that the spruce forests are likely being denuded more rapidly than some people may anticipate, and the time will come when even Maine and the Maritime Provinces may find themselves in the same position in regard to spruce, as Michigan is to-day, so far as white pine is concerned. One thing is very sure, that the growth of the wood pulp industry will, in the future, make inroads into spruce, such as has not been experienced in the past, and if the Association will really make it an honest part of its work to help preserve the spruce forests, great good must be accomplished. After all, this is a little aside from the question that is really agitating the spruce market. Will the Associa- tion accomplish its purpose, so far as an advance in prices is concerned? Rumors are flying thick and fast that even among its own members the price is being shaded, and it looks as though this shading is likely to continue, so that the actual market prices will rule lower than those that have been given out by the Association. At the same time it is agreed by all sensible lumbermen that it cannot be a healthy thing for trade to let prices get down to $ro and $12 a frame, as was the case not long since. For manufacturers to sell at this figure is simply suicidal, and can have only one ending. Canadian operators, it is alleged, are proving a thorn in the flesh to those who are within the ranks of the As- sociation, it being freely stated that cargoes have been bought in Nova Scotia, to arrive in Boston as soon as the season opens, at $11.50, and a further rumor says that Canadian stock has been even as low as $11. It is very certain that at present the trade is at sixes and sevens. The Association has an energetic and cap- able secretary in Mr. James, and is fighting vigorously for the policy that was outlined at the meeting in Febru- ary. But lumber, unfortunately, for the best interests of the lumber business, is subject to the same conditions and contingencies as other lines of commerce. When men have notes to meet and are hard up, and stocks can be realized on at a certain figure, they are likely to let the stock go at a cut price, so that the money can be secured to meet their notes. Again an anxiety to do business is sufficiently great that, where dealers will give certain prices and nothing more, and trade con- tinues, as it 1s just now, to move slowly, rather than do no business, sales will be made at a cut price. We do not say that this is a healthy condition of trade. Spruce manufacturers know just how strongly it worked against them a year ago. Other branches of lumbering are not without their experiences in this direction. But just at present we are simply stating history as it exists at the present time. UNSATISFACTORY BUSINESS METHODS. FRAUD is a strong word to use, though it is the best term to fitly express the actions of some men. There are frauds in the lumber business, and we have taken occasion several times to show how Canadian lumber- men are being defrauded by those engaged in the busi- ness, both in Canada and the United States. In mak- ing these exposures we have only been pursuing a plan that should be followed, it seems to us, by every class journal that desires to give honest protection to its readers. It is the duty of a trade journal, however, to do some- thing more than merely expose those who have proven themselves to be engaged deliberately in fraudulent practices. A method may be questionable and yet not be deserving of the term fraudulent, though plain people would be likely to speak of it in that way. We have before us at this time a letter from Mr. Fred Deutsch- mann, lumberman, Teeswater, Ont., making complaints against the methods adopted by Mr. Carl Gartner, of Hamburg, Germany, and London, Eng., in accounting for consignments of lumber that had been forwarded to him by lumbermen on this side of the Atlantic. If the statement, as given by our correspondent, is not open to any satisfactory explanation by Mr. Gartner, it is cer- tainly one that reflects somewhat seriously on his busi- ness methods. These may be all right, but Mr. Fred. Deutschmann, who has had to pay the piper, naturally thinks them peculiarly wrong. The charge made by Mr. Deutschmann is that in May, 1893, he sent a shipment of two car loads of maple plank to Mr. Carl Gartner. The shipment, he alleges, turned out to be No. 1 quality of lumber. This lumber he states was piled for nearly 18 months in sheds at London. Mr. Deutschmann says.: “Mr. Gartner held out great inducements for my lumber before it was shipped, telling what he could realize for it in order to profit me, but to my sorrow I find now that no depen- dence could be placed on his flattering statements, as I realized 4 per cent. in all; 96 per cent. was lost.” Mr. Gartner, seemingly, has the faculty of running up a bill of heavy charges. This Teeswater lumberman tells us that he had to pay a freight bill of $274.04, and the pil- ing of the lumber and insurance cost $306.91, oc a total of expenses of $580.95. Aside from this he says, “ It has been like pulling teeth to get even what little was supposed to be due me. By Mr. Gartner’s own state- ment, in July, 1894, the last of my lumber was sold. In September I received a statement of it, pointing out several errors in his favor. On 25th of Nov. I received APRIL, 1895 payment for part of it from the manager of the storage sheds, Armstrong & Co. About a month later I received the balance from the same firm. Armstrong & Co. seem to own the Indian dock sheds, and Mr. Gartner is piling lumber for storage in those sheds. I think it is due to Canadian lumbermen that they should know what is likely to be the fate of their consignments when they are sent to Mr. Gartner.” This is a statement of facts told in Mr. Deutschmann’s plain, blunt way. If the case has not been correctly stated, and it is but fair to say that we have as yet had presented to us only one side, we shall be glad to hear what Mr. Gartner has to say on the matter. It so hap- pens that a case very similar to this one is recited ina late issue of the Timberman, of Chicago. A consign- ment of 15,000 sawed staves was made by Henry Dun- kort, of Cincinnati, to Carl Gartner. Mr. Dunkort makes no complaint of the gross receipts for the con- signment, but the items of expense, which absorb over four-fifths of the gross receipts, have given him serious concern. The details of’the bill are given in full by the Timberman. Mr. Dunkort’s complaint is supplemented by some interesting comments from the editor of the Timberman, in his “ Impressions formed in Foreign Lands,” being notes of a trip that he made through Great Britain and the Continent a year ago. The Timberman says: “ Mr. Gartner is a persistent worker and a very pleasant gentle- man, as far as the social relations with himself go; but we are entirely justified in view of the unfortunate char- acter of business transactions he has made in the past, and the relationship he is seeking to maintain with the lumbermen of America at present, in saying that this transaction (of Henry Dunkort) is only one of many that might be referred to at this time, as showing that the expenses of doing business with Mr. Gartner, and the delays incident to the sale cf the property and the charges which necessarily follow the deposit of timber or lumber upon his so-called “American yard,” are so high as to render it well-nigh impossible for the con- signer to receive any adequate compensation for the timber, of whatever kind. Mr. Gartner has a wide ac- quaintanceship in Germany, and occasionally makes an excellent sale and a prompt one, and secures thereby for a shipper on this side adequate returns for his lum- ber for one or two shipments. Yet the very next ship- ment might meet adverse conditions, and as Mr. Gart- ner has little or no means with which to wield a business of the character he is assuming to handle, and is sure to make a full and complete list of charges for whatever he does, and has the stock in his possession up to the time he sells it and gets the money for it, the results of such a transaction leave him no chance for personal loss. The shipper himself stands all the brunt of depre- ciation in value of stock, and, when finally sold, accepts what is left after the long list of charges made up by Mr. Gartner has been satisfied.” BRITISH COLUMBIA RED CEDAR. IN the presentation, before the Board of General Ap- praisers at New York, of the claims of the British Col- umbia red cedar lumbermen, asking for a reversal of the order exacting 25 per cent. duty on red cedar going into the United States, some interesting facts bearing on the character of this wood were produced. Because red cedar was ranked as a cabinet wood the 25 per cent. duty was enacted. The Board of Appraisers admitted, if it had been classified’ wrongly, and it was proven that red cedar belonged really to the softer woods, then their duty in the premises was clear. The question, in a word, was a botanical one, and the services of those who could speak with authority on these matters were brought in. Paragraph 676, tariff act of 1894, of the United States Congress, provides for the free importation of “sawed boards, plank deals and other lumber, rough or dressed, except cedar, lignum vitae, lancewood, ebony box, grana- dilla, mahogany, rosewood and all other cabinet woods.” The botanical testimony in the case is very clear. The British Columbia lumber on which this 25 per cent. duty has been exacted is manufactured from the “ Arbor Vitae—Thuya Gigantae—trees, and is the same species of trees as are described in the Condensed American APRIL, 1895 Cyclopaedia under the head of “Arbor Vitae”—T. Gigantae—“ found west of the Rocky Mountains, and attains a height of 100 to 200 feet.” The same authority says under the head of “Cedar”: “No true cedars are native of North America. The tree called red cedar is a juniper, while the term white cedar is applied at the east to a cypress and at the west to an arbor vitae. The roth census report of the United States, the volume of forest trees, was brought into service to bear testimony on the matter. There, it is stated : “The Thuya Gigan- tea is not a cedar, but an Arbor Vitae; no true cedar grows in North America.” Not the least interesting of the botanical information placed before the Board of Appraisers by Mr. J. G. Scott, of the Pacific Coast Lumber Co., New Westminster, B. C., who so ably represented the case for the Coast lumbermen, is the following list of the various cedars grown, with the local name, botanical name, and place of growth. : LocaL NAME. BOTANICAL NAME, HABITAT. White Cedar... Libocedrus decurrens..... Washington, D.C., Oregon, East Canada and N. E. States. White Cedar.... Chamzecyparis sphzerodia. Southern Maine and along coast of Florida, Red Cedar..... Thuya gigantea.......... Washington, Oregon, and B. C. Red Cedar..... Juniperus Virginiana..... Widely distributed Red Cedar..... Juniperus occidentalis... over the continent of North America. Washington, Oregon, B, C., and Alaska. Yellow Cedar or Yellow Cypress. Chamzecyparis Nutkeensis. Port Orf'd Cedar or Lawson's Cy- PRESS ae ie laala's Chamezeparis Lawsoniana.. Oregon and California Stinking Cedar or Savin....... Torreya taxifolia......... Western Florida. Stinking Cedar or Cal. Nutmeg. Torreya Californica......, California. Cedar Pine, Spruce Pine, or South California to White Pine.... Pinus Glabra............. Florida. Cedar Elm.... Ulmus crassifolia......... Arkansas and Texas. The strongest evidence submitted, at least it would seem so to the ordinary observer, was that which showed that out of the 314 woods tested as to their power to re- sist indentation, Thuya Gigantea takes the 297th place —proof enough, surely, that this is a soft wood and not a cabinet wood. And out of 429 woods tested as to their specific gravity Thuya Gigantea ranks 411th in its relative order of weight—another strong item of evi- dence. At this writing we are still unable to say what decision has been reached by the Board of Appraisers, but wheth- er from the business point of view, or the technical, the case would seem complete in every particular, so far as the claim of the British Columbia 1ed cedar men is con- cerned. EDITORIAL NOTES. THE Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association is meeting with some criticism, because of its determina- tion, and success has met it in this particular in the past, to maintain a paying list of prices. The charge is being _ made that the Association is only another name for a combine to keep up prices. Its history during the several years of its existence shows very conclusive- ly that it has done an excellent work for every one interested in lumber, not the least the consumers themselves. The president, in his address at the annual meeting, which was fully reported in the LUMBERMAN at the time, said distinctly, “that in no instance is the price of lumber being advanced by the Association.” We had thought ourselves that the Association was very open and frank in its methods of doing business, as was shown by a reduction made in prices when freight rates were made sufficiently favorable to permit of this. So much injury has been brought upon the community by the greed of the monopolist and the arbitrary steps assumed by various combines, that public opinion swings - sometimes to the other extreme, and reasonable men forget that a combine may be necessary for the protection of all concerned. A condition of trade that permits of a cutting of prices to such an extent that failure becomes a rule of the business, rather than success, and a mere fraction on the dollar is received by creditors, can never be healthy for any community. This is invariably the outcome of a cutting system, and when conditions reach this/point, and it is too often the case, then the business THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 == falls into the hands of a few who put up prices unreason- ably. An organization of business men that will go on the principle of securing to each other a living profit, must always work for the benefit of the consumer. A community never thrives on the bankruptcy of its business men. ON the evening of February 25th, and less than half an hour after the employees had left the building, a small upright boiler in a soda water factory on Sherbourne street, Toronto, exploded, completely wrecking the build- ing and knocking out the windows and otherwise damag- ing surrounding residences. Luckily the absence of employees from the factory and of foot passengers from the sidewalks opposite the building, avoided more serious results. Portions of the outer shell of the boiler were found imbedded in the frozen ground in the yards of the locality, having cut their way through the felt and gravel roof of the factory. The force of the explosion is sufficient evidence that it was not caused by low water. Had five hundred pounds of gunpowder exploded inside the building, it could not have exerted a more destructive force. It is supposed that the fire in the boiler had not been securely banked for the night, and that it had burned up, causing a rise in steam pressure to at least 300 Ibs., and that the safety valve was not in proper working-order. This occurrence should suffice to dispel the prevalent notion that while proper inspection and skilled supervision are required for steam plants of large capacity they can safely be dispensed with in connection with small plants. It should likewise direct the attention of the municipal authorities to the necessity for an ordinance to prohibit the locating of factories in the center of thickly populated residential districts, like the one in which this accident occurred. COMPLAINT is made by the Mississippi Valley Lum- berman, of Minneapolis, that in the competition between yellow pine and white pine the success of the latter is handicapped by the discriminating freight rates given in favor of yellow pine. The Minneapolis journal recog- nizes that yellow pine is now an important factor in the market, but does not think that competition should be intensified, as against white pine, by unreasenable freight rates. It is claimed that the rate on yellow pine to Kansas, Nebraska, and other central western points is fixed at a very low figure, and that yellow pine is being brought. into Chicago at a rate of 22c. The Mississippi Valley Lumberman goes so far as to say that the diffi- culty, if not remedied, will resolve itself into a decision by the northwestern mills to close down, until such time as the railroads see it is to their advantage to grant an equitable rate all round. The rate of white pine from Minneapolis to Omaha, Neb., is 17c, a distance of 325 miles, while the yellow pine is carried to Omaha, a dis- tance of about 1000 miles for 22c. The rate from Minneapolis to Lincoln, Neb., is 20c for 100 lbs. as compared with a 22c rate on yellow pine, brought more than double the distance from the south. The white pme people claim they should get a rate of 12c to Nebraska. We mention these facts to indicate the un- reasonable position constantly taken by railroads in the fixing of freight rates. We experience this unfairness in Canada in different ways. Just one condition seems to guide railroads in fixing rates and that is how far they can goin keeping ratesup. And where pressure of the strongest kind, or competition from another road, cannot be brought to bear, railroads become quite unreasonable. The information imparted by our Minn- eapolis contemporary also shows that the lumbermen in that state, as well as in the eastern states and in Canada, are recognizing that yellow pine is every day becoming an increasing element in the lumber situation, especially in its relations to white pine. WICKES Bros., ot Michigan, say that they have furn- ished machinery this winter to American lumbermen operating mills in the Georgian Bay district, capable of adding about 1,000,000 feet a day to the cut of these mills. For the season, these figures, according to Mr. Wickes’ calculation, will represent about 180,000,000 feet. The Northwestern Lumberman takes this fact as a text for reiterating its complaint that the recent change Ee > ae) ed ee ee in tariff legislation will be productive of good to, Cana- dian lumbermen, largely at the expense of United States lumber interests. The argument is that wherever this lumber will go, and of course, it is taken for granted, which is the fact, that it will be shipped almost entirely to the United States, that it will displace just that much white pine of the northwest or yellow pine from the southern states. We do not know that this is exactly the position, for we are greatly mistaken, if our Chicago contemporary, when it has been in the mood to adopt another line of argument, has not pointed out that after all the shipments of lumber from Canada to the United States would represent so small a percentage of the entire output of that country that it would be a mere drop in the bucket. It has taken Chicago, as an illus- tration in this respect, pointing out that of the lumber consumed in that district alone the exports from Canada would represent a mere fraction. This also is the case: United States lumbermen have purchased heavily of limits in Canada, because in Michigan in particular, the forests have become so denuded of timber that it has been necessary that they should seek other fields of operation, and Canada, in no small measure, has been the choice. At the same time the tariff is working two ways, for, as we have pointed out before, lumber is coming into Ontario from Duluth, and also from the southern states. Even the Washington shingle men are making a bold effort to get their shingles as far in as Ontario. Minneapolis lumbermen have the opportunity, and are taking advantage of it, of increasing their exports from that state into Manitoba and the district thereabouts. Besides what about the 400,000,000 logs that are towed across to Michigan and there cut into lumber at the mills of that state? THE very full report of the excellent lecture by Mr. H. G. Joly, on the value of our forests, that we give in another page, once more brings to the front the question of forestry in its many different phases. We shall not, at this time, enter into any general discussion of the ques- tion, though it is worth noting that more than ever the question of practical and intelligent forestry is being taken hold of by lumbermen themselves. We do not know a time when the lumber journals of the country have given so much attention to this question as during the past year, and, perhaps, more particularly, within the last six months. A reference here to a suggestion that has been made for the re-foresting of pine lands may fitly be noted. We are clearing away the white pine of this country rapidly enough to make it important that consideration should be given to this distinct phase of reforestation. Mr. Austen Cary, a special agent of the forestry division of the agricultural department of the United States government, who has been making investi- gations of pine growth in Lower Michigan, has expressed the opinion that the cut over pine lands in that district will rapidly produce a second growth of pine, were only forest fires and stock prevented from pasturing on such acres. Further attention to this particular phase of work is embodied in an article written by Mr. A. K. Ferguson, of Manistee, Mich. He claims that white pine (pine strobus) is the quickest growing tree that abounds in the pine belt. His suggestion, however, is that white pine, birch and poplar, also rapid growers, should be planted with pine trees in order to protect them and force their growth upward, and thereby secure long, clean trunks. The denser the growth of the young trees the fewer limbs will be thrown out and the taller, straighter, smoother will be the trunks, an important consideration when the commercial value of the tree is taken into account. The Northwestern Lumberman, commenting on Mr. Ferguson’s letter, suggests that men of wealth might devote some of their means to the con- verting of the vast wastes of denuded pine lands into areas of health giving, climate equalizing, water preserv- ing, profit bearing, beautiful forests. The question is also asked, why should not single individuals, who have large denuded lands on their hands, replant pine trees and eventually reap a rich and perpetual harvest of profit from the enterprise? What do Canadian white pine lumbermen say to these suggestions ? The Guelph Heading & Stave Co., of Guelph, Ont., has been granted incorporation. 8 | THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ak —— =A A WORD WITH WOOD-WORKERS. GOODLY share of space has always been given in these columns to the wood-working departments of lumbering. Further prominence, however, is given the subject commencing with the present issue, because of the growing importance of this branch of the lumber trades. Besides, with the publication of the WEEKLY LUMBERMAN, discussing specially the commercial side of the business, we have more space to devote to mechanical matters. The effort will be to present to readers regularly - statements of progress being made in wood-working. Cuts of new machines will be published monthly, and wood-workers will be kept posted in regard to the new patents that are being issued in wood-working ma- chinery. We would like readers to feel that they can add to the interest of the department by frequent correspon- dence and suggestions. If the reader has in mind some- thing of interest to his fellow workmen, let him send on the information to us. Let no one hesitate, because writing is not in his line. We will attend to the matter of form of expression. It may be that readers can for- ward us, in connection with correspondence, designs of wrinkles in wood-working that have grown out of their experience. We shall always be glad to reproduce such designs in these pages. THE PHILOSOPHER. HILOSOPHY in anything as practical as wood. working ? Some of the world’s soundest philosophy has come from the men, whose daily avocations have been along mechanical and industrial lines. The Philo- sopher will talk occasionally in these columns on matters of every-day import to the wood-worker, in- dulging, he hopes, in some commonsense philosophy that will be productive of good results. xn KX The Philosopher has sometimes queried to what ex- tent workers at the bench and before the machine strengthen their position as mechanics by cultivating the mind in directions bearing distinctively on their trades. Perhaps there is a little bit of fad in the ten- dency of the present day to make mechanics through the schools and colleges, rather than by the old process of straight apprenticeship to the trade intended to be followed. Everyone knows, of course, that schools of journalism have a place in some of the universities of the present day. And yet there are those, high up in the profession, who doubt if there is any school that can equal that which starts as a primary department in the country printing office, and with the pupil as a small imp. Probably, it is the case, in this, as in many matters, that there isa happy medium. The editor, who has had a university training, if he can profit also by the practical education so necessary to his work, is going to be that much stronger in the position he holds. The technical schools, both on the continent and in this land, have done much for the mechanics of the country. The Philosopher has always felt that a great deal of the thoroughness that is a feature of all work in Germany is due, in no small degree, to the training that the mechanics of that country receive through its well equipped technical schools. It is the old story that the man, in whatever calling, who brings to his work, along with diligence, a well cultivated brain, is going to out- strip, in the race of life, the other fellow, who thinks only of how easily he can slip through with his work before the bell rings for quitting. The Philosopher deems it most essential to intelli- gent success, that wood-workers, without exception, should have a knowledge of mathematics, of drawing, and ofthe real bearing and pessibilities of the machinery with which they are working. In Canada, fortunately, there has been an encouraging development in this direction and there is opportunity presented to every workman through the technical and manual training schools of the country, which are fast taking a position unequalled by few schools of a like kind of any country. The boy, who makes a stait through these manual train- ing schools, is likely to stand a much better chance of success than a youth who goes into a trade handicapped with little education. The superintendent of the mechanical training depaitment of one of the large col- leges of the continent tells of boys who have gone out to their trades equipped in this manner able to earn several dollars more per week than those who come into the work perfectly green and with little previous education to help them on. The advantage of school-taught mechanics gives the boy a standing upon entering the workshops much above the raw beginner, and if he has proven a worthy stu lent his acquirements are soon dis- covered and his time under instruction in the shop is shortened, and he is generally paid much higher wages. XK) EK PL It is one of the hard lessons of life, that real genius consists simply in the faculty of doing one’s work well and thoroughly. The Philosopher thought of this as he talked with a friend the other day on the make shifts that are resorted to too often in workshops. The policy is to make the thing do, trusting that it will be all right. A machine gets out of repair, and the disposition is with a little tinkering to make it serve the purpose, where the right plan would be to put it at once into proper condi- tion. Time may be lost in putting on useless fringe and furbelows in one’s work. The pottering workman is one who indulges inthis kind of nonsense. But time is never lost by the mechanic, who determines that the piece of work he is on will be made as complete as his ability and the equipment at his command will permit him to make it. That this is an old text to hammer on there is no doubt, and yet ina day where there is so much scamp work, and the temptation is to get through things with no regard as to who will suffer in the future, the subject will bear something of line upon line. NEW PATENTS IN WOOD-WORKING MACHINERY. PAG 2, SHINGLE EDGING MACHINE. Patentee: John Henry Askert, Lucknow, Ont., 15th January, 1895; 6 years. _CLAIM.—Ist. The combination of two saws P and P, on one shaft or mandrel C, within from six to eighteen aT oO ee” : a . ApRIL, 1895 inches of each other, or may be worked on two shafts or mandrel same asC. 2nd. The belt J and guide box K, in combination with said machine and said two saws P and P, substantially as and for the purpose as set forth. PLANING MACHINE. Patentee: William Clark, Galt, Ont., 29th January, 1895 ; 6 years. CLaIM.-—In a planing machine, the combination of the feed or delivery roll movably journalled in the frame work, and means for holding the roll in its proper rela- tion to the table, of the machine when displaced by the passage of the material between the roll and table, sub- stantially as specified. 2nd. A rock shaft journalled in the frame above the roll and a pivotal connection be- tween the journals of the foll and the rock shaft. 3rd. Vertically movable bearing boxes for the journals of the roll, a rock shaft journalled in the frame above the roll, two links connected to the rock shaft and located one above each of the bearing boxes, and a pivotal connec- tion between the links and the bearing boxes. 4th. A snug connected to each of the bearing boxes, and a pivot pin passing through each of the snugs and its respective link, substantially as specified. OO SHAPERS AND SHAPER WORK. I HAVE often observed, says a writer in the Wood Worker, that in woodworking plants of ‘limited size any given number of machines is not quite sufficient to fill the requirements of the variety of work that will be ordered, with despatch and with profit to the owners. It is a well-known fact that no two mills have the same system, though they may be in the same locality. Their methods are entirely different in regard to the handling of work. . It came under my observation recently that a contract was given to a mill which was the lowest bidder for the entire factory work. The plans and specifications called for first-class finish in every particular. One of the features of the finish to the front porch (or gallery, as it is known in certain localities), was turned posts and turned balustrades. The posts were eleven inches in diameter, turned top and base, tapered in size from top to bottom, between the ornamental turnings. Between top and base a plain turned surface was left for raised beads, which presented a fine, rich appearance, and was different from the general run of turned columns. The same style of raised beads was carried out on the same balusters. The posts were of cypress, and the balusters of heart yellow pine. Now the question was, how were these raised beads to be worked on the posts, as the diameter was large and the beads had to begin and stop at certain points where the ornamental turning came in. The balusters could be handled easy enough, as they were 3x 3 inches and short enough for a fluting attachment which the mill was fortunate enough to have. Much hand work was out of the question, as it would take so much to complete the columns. The only reasonable way it could be done was with a long, verticle spindle, with the posts hung between centers secured toa guide form. The spindles on an ordinary shaper were not long enough to reach the center of the diameter of the posts, which were, as I have said, eleven inches, but it was the mill’s fortune that in ordering a double-spindle shaper one of the spindles was ordered made longer than the other, for y Vv 6 APRIL, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 special work, and was sufficiently long to do this raised beading. A skilful machine man was selected to do the work, with the assistance of the regular shaper man. This man, after careful observation and reflection conceived a way by means of which he could accomplish this work entirely by machine, with no hand work outside.of sand- papering the beads. His first step was to make the cutters. The two centers were made of iron, projecting through wooden face-plates (circular in form) at each end, which held the post. One face-plate had saw kerfs spaced off at equal distances around its diameter. There was a saw kerf in the first piece, which was secured to the form or straight- edge. A piece of saw blade was used as a stop, and was inserted into these kerfs as the different beads were worked. The form or straight-edge ran against the lower collar on the spindle, and the posts were entered and fed along by hand. The important features of the work were having one extra spindle long enough, the proper artangement of & the two centers to get the same taper as the posts, and dividing off the proper distances on the circular face- plates so that all the way around the beads would be the same and come out right at the last bead. After the posts were completed the balusters were beaded with the regular fluting attachment fora shaper. This attach- ment does an endless variety of such work, and can be had for a reasonable price from the manufacturers. This is, I think, a valuable shop kink or wrinkle, and may be of benefit to other woodworkers. - I believe a shaper is one of the most important ma- chines ina mill, because of the endless variety of work .t cando. I think it also necessary to have an extra q im nr It may cost a little more, but it is a great deal cheaper in the end, as a great deal of time is saved in grinding the bevels, and it is far better. Shaper cutters as a rule are never made until they are really needed, and then in a hurry, and grinding the bevel on the two edges always takes time. It is often the case that small spindles are sprung and ruined by carelessness in not getting the two cutters exactly the same width in grinding them ; if the cutters are not the same width exactly, in tightening down the nut with the wrench the collars draw the spindle over, and as a result the spindle is sprung. I have seen a spindle ruined from this cause. Speaking of the rapid manner in which work can be done on a double-spindle shaper, I say double-spindle shaper, because I believe a single-spindle shaper is only a makeshift outside of a very limited line of business. At present there isa large sale for 1 4x14 squate-pointed Te CoMBINED SAW BENCH AND BAND SAWING MACHINE. long spindle for a shaper, for special work that often comes in. Ina small or medium sized mill it is invalu- able, for the reason that the other machines are apt to be crowded and the work delayed, whereas on the shaper it could be gotten out quickly. Take, for example, a small mill where one hand-jointer has to do all the joint- ing of door and window frames, cabinet work, mantles, brackets anda variety of other work. With a double spindle shaper, with one long spindle a great deal of this work can be done, such as working face molds on mantel breasts, reeding such work, and chamfering large and small posts and columns. A spindle 13 inches above the table is long enough, but this spindle should not be less than 1% inches in diameter at the smallest part above the table between the collars, not less than 134 inches below the table between the bearings, nor less than 1% inches in the bearings, as it would not do good work. All shapers should have three different changes of col- lars: One set of collars as small as the spindles will al- low, for small curves or the small places ; one set me- dium size, for ordinary work, and one large set, say about five inches diameter, for shaping pickets and such - work, which cut faster and do better work. In regard to cutters for shapers, a good plan is to have steel of different widths and in lengths already beveled. pickets. Most of these pickets are done on a picket- header, and there is a close margin of profit. After some delay in pointing these pickets, we by accident found a better, simpler and much quicker method. A “jack” or form was made V-shaped to receive the pick- ets to be pointed, which were held securely in place in the “jack” by small pointed iron pins. The cutters were beveled to an angle of 45 degrees in pairs on each spindle, one bevel up and one bevel down between each set of collars. It will be readily seen that the right-hand spindle cutters cut two corners, and the left-hand cutters cut the other two corners, the pickets being diamond- pointed to a finish without changing or turning them over, which would have to be done if an ordinary flat form or pattern were used, and pieces would have to be nailed on each edge to keep the pickets in proper place on the pattern. In this case, if the pickets were not dressed exactly alike all around, they would not fit in between the pieces the same, and the point would not come out perfect, causing some delay ; whereas with the V-form all this is obviated and made much simpler, whether there is a slight variation or not, and the opera- tion is so easy that an intelligent boy pointed the pickets with perfect ease in half the time it would take any other way. In belting a shaper there should be binder pulleys attached to the countershaft frame or stand. Several makers build shapers on this plan. The advantage of this is the belts run steadier at a high speed and it pre- vents that disagreeable flapping motion, which gives a slight jar to tne shaper top or table, when it becomes worn by use. With the binder pulleys attached to countershaft, the belts run at the right place on the spindle pulleys and do not drop down when they become slack, and belts last longer where this arrangement is carried out. These binder pulleys should have an ad- justment back and forward, on slides properly and simply arranged, to take up the slack of the belts when they become stretched. COMBINED SAW BENCH AND BAND SAWING MACHINE. HE novel saw bench herewith illustrated, and de- scribed in the Timber News and Saw Mill Engi- neer, of Liverpool, Eng., will be interesting to all wood- workers. It is planed perfectly true on the surface, and is fitted with strong parallel fence, regulated by hand wheel and screw. The framing for the circular saw is massive, cast all in one piece, and has planed facings to receive all the parts fitting to it. The saw spindle is of steel, and works in long gun metal bearings ; the fence is made to cant, for cutting work on the bevel. It 1s also arranged so that it will turn over the end of the bench, for cross-cutting when cutting deep stuff. Fences of this class are apt to give way a little at the end near- est the saw; to prevent this occurring in the above machine the makers fix a stay behind the fence, to be used when required. The band saw apparatus is made very strong, and has wrought iron pulleys 3oin. diameter, covered with india-rubber tyres. The table is made to cant, for cutting work on the bevel. The top pulley is also fitted with canting motion. The tension of the saw under heat is taken up by weight, or, if desired, by a spring. These combined arrangements make a very complete and substantial machine. STEAM MORTISER. HIS figure represents a machine for cutting mortises in timber. The operation is simple, and is per- formed by means of a reciprocating chisel. By means of an ingenious link motion the stroke of the chisel can be regulated by the foot-lever, which brings it down into STEAM MORTISER. the timber from a state of rest to its full throw, so that when entering the timber the stress on the chisel may be brought on gradually, and so obviate any excessive jar to the foot of the workman and undue strain on the chisel. These machines are usually provided with a boring apparatus, by means of which a hole may be first bored into the timber before mortising, to relieve the chisel. This is found of advantage when working hard wood. —————— PUBLICATIONS. Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney. Rev. Robert Collyer, and Walter Besant are all going to tell in The Ladies’ Home Journal of either the man or women who most influenced their lives. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1895 OME days ago Mr. C. H. Clark, of Barrie, Ont., drew my attention to a comment in the WEEKLY LuM- BERMAN, where it was intimated that one reason why prices for white pine were cut in Duluth, was because there were not a few men engaged in the trade there lacking the capital which would enable them to hold out for better prices. Our friend Clark has about made up his mind to become a resident of Duluth, and has already spent considerable time there, and done some business. He tells me there is no lumber section in the States where men stronger financially are engaged in the lumber trade, and that if a long pull is necessary they are quite equal for it. I have no doubt but that this is the case, and, for my part, I did not read the paragraph named as meaning that, financially, Duluth lumbermen were weak. I am quite sure, however, that Duluth is no different to other lumber sections, and that among those engaged in the trade are quite a few who find it necessary to make a quick turn-over of their product, and cannot always hold lumber for a better price. We have had such experiences in Canada. During the past winter, when lumber was so terribly dull, from time to time a break in prices would occur in Michigan from just the same conditions. The large majority of the Michigan men held on bravely to their stocks, and to this cause is due the fact that there was no general break up in white pine. Nevertheless white pine could at times be bought at a good shading under market prices. In new districts these conditions are almost sure to prevail in a larger degree than in the older territories.. What is the trouble with lumber in the southern states? A lot of jobbers have located themselves there, who are simply into the business for speculation. They are not particu- lar whether they pay their workmen even. All they want is to get a certain quantity of lumber cut, shove it on the market, make their sales, pocket the money, and in many cases get out. This, of course, is demoralizing to the general trade. It is almost certain to be the case in Duluth, where the lumber business is developing rapid- ly, that to a modified degree, at least, these same meth- ods will prevail. Or else Duluth is different to any other lumbering district that has yet come to light. * * * Nearly every day additional illustration reaches us of the importance that is attached to the timber products of Canada by United States lumbermen. Mhchigan lumbermen are such heavy investors in Canadian timber limits at the present time that a busy newspaper man has started the rumor that Michigan lumbermen intend to form a syndicate and completely control Ontario lum- ber affairs. Of course, an item of this kind serves very well for a daily newspaper, but anyone who is disposed to reflect a few minutes on the question would see the absurdity of any such suggestion, and for the good sense of the Michigan men themselves, let it be said, that they only laugh at the proposition. United States money is being liberally spent in some of the lumber districts of Ontario, and this year, more than in previous years, our country will benefit by the energy being put forth, from the fact that a number of the larger concerns have, within the year, erected their own mills and will cut on this side of the line, where, without free lumber, they would either have not made the investment at all, or sent the logs over to Michigan to be cut there. A fortnight ago I met Mr. W.S. Taylor, of Taylor & Felin, lumbermen, Philadelphia, Pa. Mr. Taylor was prospecting a little and has some notion of securing a timber berth or two, and perhaps locating a mill here: His firm have to get lumber from some point, and like others, he looks with favor upon Canada. Mr. Taylor tells me that the out- look for lumber this spring is encouraging. In Phila- delphia building operations will be engaged in on a liberal scale, and generally throughout that section of country trade looks hopeful. A-correspondent, representing one of the largest lum- ber firms in the province, has written, saying: “ Write up Canadian joists instead of Georgia.” Now, this is a sensible suggestion, and I have been thinking a good deal along that line. Recent unfortunate events in Toronto have provided strong arguments for the use of white pine in our larger buildings, rather than the yellow pine of the southern states. I do not need to reiterate the pesition taken by the lumber section of the Board of Trade, after the large Globe fire in Toronto the early part of the year—a position that has found further confir- mation in recent fires since that date. The case rests a good deal with the architects. They have been in the habit, in a measurable degree, of recommending yellow pine for joist, contending that it is possessed of a degree of hardness and endurance that is not general to white pine in similar places. This statement is questioned by white pine men, who believe they know what they are talk- ing about. Furthermore, white pine is not possessed of those obnoxious elements that add flame to the fire when a big conflagration takes place in any city. Saying this much, and there is no doubt that white pine men have reason, as well as patriotism on their side, I am never one to scare over anything of this kind. It is a harsh doctrine, perhaps, the survival of the fittest, but it is one that serves with unswerving exactness throughout all nature, and it is not likely that any exception will be provided amid the trees of the forest. If it can be estab- lished that yellow pine, for certain particular purposes, is the best wood that can be used, it is going to be used. Crying it down will not close it out. So with white pine.. It has held a premier position among the woods of the continent for years, and the introduction of a new rival by no means indicates its annihilation. I always think that white pine holds a position so substantially strong that every man who owns a stick of it may feel that he has got a gold mine. There is not such a quan- tity of white pme anywhere that its displacement by any other wood need be feared. * % * The clever fellow who holds the quill of the Bobcay- geon Independent has written up a sketchy account of lumbering operations in the farnorth. He tells how 30 years ago Bobcaygeon was the centre of lumbering operations ; Io years later the centre had moved back about 30 miles ; and to-day the great lumbering field of the Gilmour Company is 100 miles to the north. Then follows a brightly written account of the changes in methods of lumbering, how the cross-cut saw has super- ceded the axe, and the many changes that have taken place in the way of hauling logs, how the railway has become a part of the equipment of lumbering in the woods, just as it has cut its way in as a helper in every other branch of commerce. For anyone who wants the details of these changes I refer them to the Bobcaygeon Independent. What struck me in connection with the sketch was the lesson reflected in the first few sentences, telling how from decade to decade Bobcaygeon was moving back from the centre of lumbering operations. What is the matter? Geographically, I fancy, Bobcay- geon stands to-day where it stood 30 years ago. The surveyor’s lines would mark the same place to-day as then. But the timber has been gradually cut away, there, as everywhere else throughout the province, and the man who would engage in timber operations to-day needs to get a long way into the interior to find his pro- duct. This fact explains the downfall of not a few vil- lages in Ontario. It has been the custom to talk of cer- tain places as ruined because of the rafting of logs to the American side. To some extent this has been the case, but what is true of Bobcaygeon is true of Midland and other places, once thriving saw mill towns—the logs have got far away from the saw. Another lesson: and it is a serious one ; no matter how much timber may still be remaining in the interior, we are rapidly clearing our timber out. Thirty years ago Bobcaygeon was in the woods. The woods are a long way from it to-day, and in place of these woods is a barren waste, which as a country we are doing really nothing to replace. * * * “T just wish the LUMBERKMAN would give it strong to the sharks and “skins” who manage to get into the lumber trade,” was the way I was greeted, as I stepped into the office of a local lumber concern the other day. What is the matter? I remarked. “ Well if you had to get out on the road and buy lumber as I have to do,” said this person, “ you would take in the full import of what I have said. Take last week, I was out north at one of the mills buying lumber to meet some calls we have from the States. It was the hardest thing in the world to get this mill man to come to any other con- clus‘on than that the great majority of wholesale lumber- men of Ontario were a lot of rogues. He, unfortunately, had been soft in his day and got badly fooled by some of the rea! sharks himself. He was one of the mill men who made a donation of several cars of lumber to a certain firm of lumbermen in Toronto, who to-day are non est, whose creditors bemoan their sudden collapse, and one of the principals of which has had a chequered career running the gauntlet of detectives and police courts. And because these fellows had bitten him badly the mill man was going to be particularly sharp after this and watch everybody who wanted to buy lumber.” I remarked that this kind of thing was too bad, and yet in a sense one could not blame the mill man for being careful where he placed his lumber. He was only going to the opposite extreme, which, is too much the rule with everyone. This led to a discussion of another phase of the lumber business, where sharp practices prevail. I remarked to this friend that the LUMBERMAN was likely to have something to say about the operations of a certain German lumber commission house, and I told him how some Ontario mill men had fared with this concern. My friend took another line this time and in his usual plain-spoken manner said he knew something of the situation and was not sorry that mill men sometimes got sold by these outsiders. “They have only themselves to blame,” said he. Thev get a nicely worded letter, with a letter-heading that is un- usually prepossessing, from some presumably big con- cern on the continent, who holds out all sorts of induce- ments to them. I remember talking to a mill man on this point one time, and he was very “ cockey,” as the saying sometimes runs. He was not going to bother selling goods to Canadian wholesalers any longer. They could not be counted on. He was going to be his own exporter, and was going to send his goods to Ger- many, United Kingdom, the United States, and it was hard to say where else throughout the civilized and un- civilized world. All he had to do was to ship his goods, and promptly on their arrival a sight draft, covering the full amount would be paid. This man has had his experience, just as I judge some of the others whom the LUMBERMAN, I understand, will talk about have had their experience. The mill men ought to learn the lesson by this time that their best customers after all are the wholesalers within their own country. They know the state of the market, know what the lumber is worth and are ready to pay the best price that is going at any time. The outsider, who tempts with a little bit of sugar on the stick, offering a higher price than lumbe is really worth, needs watching. He 1s after more than the lumber, unless it is the whole lumber and nothing but the lumber.” x % * * ON the size of the white pine log crop of the new season will rest, to a good extent, the future of the market. One is able to form a better idea now than earlier of what this crop will amount to, and it seems safe to say, so far as Canada is concerned, that the crop will not be in excess of that of a year ago, and the prob- ability is that it will run rather lighter. This is likewise the report that reaches us from the white pine districts of the United States. The crop there will certainly not be larger than a year ago, and to’such an extent has the spirit of caution marked the work of the lumbermen during the past winter, one feels sure in saying that the crop will bea comparatively light one. In those sections that suffered by fire the crop will necessarily be heavier than would otherwise have been thecase. Self protection has demanded this. But this excess in spots will not make any serious effect on the average of the crop, tak- ing the white pine territories in their entirety. The factory and saw mill of the Port Elgin Brush Co., Port Elgin, Ont., is advertised for sale. The Lumberman Monthly % " * * ro WEEKLY EDITION Edition, 20 pages } $loo per year {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday ~ =e Soe E TORONTO, ONT,, MARCH 27, 1895 No. 12. ry, 4 , D . Canapa LUMBERMAN a, § : PUBLISHED BY as GC. H. MORTIMER © Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. ‘ Branch Office : . _ New York Lire INsuRANCE BUILDING, . MonrTREAL. = tig eekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. sins reliable and up-to-date market conditions and lencies in the principal manufacturing districts and ing domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A medium of information and communication be- reen Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and ters and the purchasers of timber products at home berman, Monthly. A 2o-page journal, discuss- fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the er and wood-working industries. Contains ws with prominent members of the trade, and er sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. ; special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. _ _ #2 Subscription price for the» two editions for one inter chara i ANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of t5 cents per line each insertion. When four or m e consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type, and no ‘display is allowed beyond the head line. Advertise- nents must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. = = ¥ LES OR LUMBER WANTED IN EX- e for 50 H.P. engine, nearly new. PARK & BORROWMAN, Amherstburg. " * F > - at awe wil GE FURNITURE FACTORY, WITH SAW ill, Elevator and Dry Kiln for sale in the thriv- own of Waterloo, lately carried on by Wegenast & _ In good running 6rder. Good stock of lumber on 7. : WM. SNIDER, Assignee, Waterloo, Ont. ER LIMITS FOR SALE =a _ Township of Lumsden wae » / éd tenders addressed to the undersigned will be /up to12 o'clock, noon, of THE 18TH DAY OF APRIL, 1895, 7 : 5 4 rchase of the license to cut the timber on said p of Lumsden, containing | thirty-six square ci erth has never been cut over; the pine is large good quality, and short haul ; the Vermillion runs through it and is a splendid stream to drive. nsford ‘Station, on the Canadian Pacific Railway, y 1 miles distant. —Cash, or the equivalent if time is required ment of a portion of the purchase money. est or any tender not necessarily accepted. ” - further particulars apply to id THOMAS McCRAKEN, No. 2 Victoria Street, on Toronto, Canada. ore) “Huron Shore, Mich., mill operators dis- satisfied with the slow market for bulk stocks starting yards at Lake Erie points. Albert , of Alpena, is running one at Cleveland, yey as the A. Pack Lumber Co.; Frank Gil- christ, of Alpena, under the style of F. W. Gil- christ & Son, is planning a yard enterprise in uffalo, and Geo. M. Fletcher is making a venture in Toledo, O. > 7 CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. ENTHUSIASM is an element that does not play much part in the lumber situation of to-day.* The trade believe that busi- ness will be all right, but it is a hard mat- ter to get them to warm up on the subject. They have been waiting from week to week and month to month, expecting that each would bring an improvement in trade, but it must be admitted, that whilst there is no discouraging depression in the lum- ber trade, there is no large amount of stir as yet this spring. Everybody is hanging off. “In a week or two, or within another month, no doubt, trade will open out,” 1s the frequent answer that one will get from wholesalers and mill men when the ques- tion “ How is business?” is put to them We do not ourselves believe there is any need for despondency. Trade is slower opening out than is usual, but it will open out before long. At the same time this continued peering into the future for sales and turn over of stock is one of the things that, when there is too much of it, goes hard with average human nature. Some transactions of an ordinary character are taking place, but there is no general moving of stocks. There are spurts here and there, trade moving a little in spots, but nothing better to report. It can be repeated that prices are just as: firm as at any time during the season. Mills are getting in good shape for the season’s cuting. It will be a fortnight, how- ever, before the saw mills of the pro- vince, asa whole, will be in full swing. Caution is being exercised in this branch of work as well as in every other. It is not believed that stocks are heavy at any point, and at the same time the winter’s work in the woods will, perhaps, be a little less than had been figured on a month or two ago. These are all conditions that will help to keep prices firm and give backbone to what trade is doing. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Representatives of Canadian houses, who have been spending part of the sea- son in the British markets looking up trade, are either on their way back again, or are preparing to return at an early date. They will bring back with them some business, and this will start trade in Quebec and New Brunswick moving. There is some doubt, however, whether the orders booked are of large size, as the English market is slow to improve. Denny, Mott & Dickson, of London, Eng., say on this point: “Quebec shippers, who are still on this side can only hope to book very few orders in this market for next season’s goods, as the prices demand- ed deter cautious traders from buying for stock,” The current issue of the Timber Trades Journal says: ‘In the Canadian trade we hardly ever recollect such a quiet time at this unusually busy season of the year. Trade is not active as compared with other seasons, or yet as compared with what might reasonably be expected. The market isin a state of suspended animation ; sales of fourth pine and Lower Port spruce stocks of the log being 1e- ported as unusually small, while on the Upper St. Lawrence there is for an ordi- nary demand no over abundance. Prices are expected to hold, but in London sales are very difficult at present, importers have no confidence in the stability of values. There is nothing here in first hands that can be called dry, and the de- mand is mostly for small parcels in antici- pation of possible contingencies.” ‘Busi- ness from these provinces with the United States remains in the same quiet condi- tion, though there are some signs that in the near future fair shipments will go for- ward. " BRITISH COLUMBIA. It would look as though a fairly satis- factory business would be done on the coast the coming season. The domestic trade is assuming very decent proportions, and exporters are finding profitable and somewhat liberal outlets for stocks. If Australian trade continues to improve, as is expected, British Columbia will profit nicely by the change. The demand for vessels is better, and to some extent ves- sels are scarce, especially those suitable in the China trade. The charters for the past month have been more distributed, though there is little doing in any particu- lar quarter. A new development is the fixing of a steamer to carry lumber to South America. UNITED STATES. _ It 1s hardly possible for the opening of navigation to be so close without a better feeling prevailing in the lumber trade. Almost for a certainty, business will this year move with greater freedom, and yet it must be admitted there is no swelling of business to mark the situation generally, _ Manufacturers are a little more active, and in saw mill sections operations will commence within a week or two; all these things will help trade. Butthe movement of lumber continues, with a few excep- tions, at particular points wherelocalcondi- tions are favorable, to be nearly as slow at the end of March as at any time since the first ofthe year. Thisis the worst feature of the trade. Business, everybody says, has got to be better, and of course will be betier, but practical lumbermen would like to see these things shown in a removal of stocks from their yards and im their stead bank drafts in their vaults or their bank account swollen on the right side. When the season’s trade comes to be figured up, and everything is taken into considera- tion, it will likely show up pretty fair, but nothing large need be expected. The money made will be due a good deal to the caution that is going to be exercised in selling goods. There will not be much reckless selling this year. And also in the fact that expenses will be kept down. The cut of logs, particularly of white pine, will not be over large, probably will come less in size than the cut of a year ago. FOREIGN. We do not know any section of the lumber world more difficult to secure re- ports from, that would point to decidedly better conditions, than Great Britain. The movement of goods in February was, of course, phenominally small, because of the prolonged frosts, and it would be un- fair to give any statistics of English trade for that period. This fact has swollen the deliveries for the month of March, but as Denny, Mott & Dickson remark, it can scarcely be hoped that the leeway will be fully made up, as postponed pur- chases have an awkward tendency to di- minish in bulk during dulltimes. English lumber journals all join m the one refrain that immediate business is slow and the prospect of the future is not bright. Re- ports that we publish elsewhere from New South Wales and Australia indicate that there is an anticipated improvement, even though this improvement is not a present factor. HARDWOODS. Lumbermen, whose business is more particularly in hardwoods, are not com- plaining very much of the conditions of trade. No one is doing anything large, but there is a very fair movement in hard-. woods of all kinds. We learn of quite a number of shipments of mixed car loads going to United States points, and per- haps a better demand exists among the home trade. Maple is the slowest hard- wood at the present time. In fact it is dragginga little. Birch continues in good demand, and some difficulty is experi- enced in getting just the kind that is most called for. Ash, elm and basswood are all on good call. A lamberman who has recently visited the hardwood districts of the north tells us, that stocks are getting pretty well thinned out. Asked the ques- tion, how the cut of hardwoods was this year, he thought that this was fully as large as, and perhaps, a little beyond the average. With abundance of snow the temptation in hardwood districts was to cut generously, as the mill men were able to get their logs ont easily. Mills cutting hardwood will likely have a busy summer. Prices for leading lines are disposed to advance alittle. =~ tire II. STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. A good deal of oak timber is being gotten out in Liverpool county, N. S. The Royal City Planing Mills, New Westminster, B. C., shipped in three car loads of lumber last week to Manitoba. An order for 500,000 feet of spruce lum- ber has been placed with W. H. and J. Rourke, of St. Martin’s N. B., bya New York firm. The stock is to be delivered by the end of May. The Central Lumber Co., of Saginaw, Mich., has purchased 7,000,000 feet of pine logs, cut on the Blind river by R. A. Alger, jr. They will be rafted across the lake for this concern. -A cargo of 750,000 feet of deals, etc., cleared last week from St. John, N. B., for Cork, Ireland. 1,250,000 feet of long lumber, 300,000 lath and 2 cargoes of piling went to United States ports. The Delta Lumber Co., of Detroit, Mich., is reported to have purchased of J. T. Hurst and the Holland-Emery Lum- ber Co., a limit in the Georgian Bay dis- trict, estimated to cut about 150,009,000 feet. The stockis to go tothe Detroit mills of this concern. It is understood that the privilege of cutting on 60 square miles of Indian re- serve on Lake Temiscamingue, secured by Geo. E. Kidd, Barrister, Ottawa, for $21,000 was on account of the St. Anthony Lumber Co., of the Ottawa district. The reserve contains over 38,000 acres of pine, spruce and tamarac, 9 inches thick on the stamp The price is considered by some mill men to be a very generous one. The report of the foreign commerce and navigation of the United States shows - that for the year ending. June 30, 1894, the amount cf dutiable lumber imported by that country from Canada is as follows: (We give the comparison also with 1893.) Lumber 1893, 800,000,000 feet; 1894, 500,- 000,000 feet ; shingles 1893, 469,000,000 feet ; 1894, 378,000,000; lath 1893, 327,- 000,000, 1894, 283,000,000. The lumber was chiefly for consumption in the New England and eastern states. A Jarge deal in Lower Province timber lands is reported. H. K. Blanchard, of William Haskins & Sons, Boston, and associates, have closed a trade with Wes- ton F. Milliken, for what is known as the C. S. Clark property, on the St. Francis, at Brompton Falls, Que., all timber lands and all stock at mill and on wharf there. The associates are Canadian mill men, though thei names, purchase price, the capital stock and price are not given out, A strong bid will be made by the new concern for the car trade of New England. The mill has heretofore sawed only for the South American trade, and is one which, under its first owner, established the line in quality and manufacture of spruce rails, so called, for the Argentine Republic. UNITED STATES. Hardwoods are brisk at Tonawanda, N.Y. Prices for good lumber at Saginaw, Mich., are firm. Log run is held at $16. Export clearances of lumber from New York for last week were less than 500,000 feet. . Logs are being purchased for the mills at Saginaw, Mich., at about $2 a thousand less than last year. Pine logs range from $7 to $10. Of the 141,000,000 feet of lumber said to have been on the mill docks of Saginaw, Mich., at the close of the season, only a few million feet now remain. Various estimates have been given this season of the quantity of logs that will be rafted from the Georgian Bay and North Shore districts to Michigan. A late calculation is as follows: and Salt Co., 20,000,000 ft.; Holland- Emery Lumber Co. and J. T. Hurst, 80,- co0,000 ; Hale & Co., 20,000,000 ; Turner & Fisher, 50,000,000 ; C. K. Eddy & Sons, 10,000,000 ; Col. A. T. Bliss, 12,000,000 to 15,000,000 ; Central Lumber Co., 7,- 000,000; J. W. Howry & Sons, 12,000,- coco; Wm. Peter, 20,000,000. Other ex- porters will include S. G. M. Gates, Ed-_ mund Hall and others. An association has just been organized in connection with the yellow pine inter- ests of the south, known as the Mutual Lumber Co., Ltd., who will endeavor to put in force a price list, that will help to remove the cutting and slashing that has been common to yellow pine for some time. The following figures have been adopted by the company, representing stocks delivered on a rail rate of 22c per too lbs. : TIMBER. ONO OLS RAS Tolbert presto ah fare terete jerebols)* $ 15.00 TG, SeiaAnaL sath: ces eset aes eerie be 15.50 Daa Gra AED testy shoe se wile k tayele ay oieiel ere pala erase 17.00 LV ertohi gon gen oi Ppt (eae Ar ae Sa Deemer a 16.00 £0; eB rdnd BONts eo. saw eae nee as steer. et 16.50 apiandeaitb.s ce k.. pemrengle erent weteiee ok 18.00 Gurgitorrgerg LOW a lealoe iusto stein sete 17.5° IO, TS Ave SOG Ss eric ick ac reR ors nine ieee 18.00 Par haa yi | pak Bienes Aer Leeyaria Aaa Mae 18.50 Gxx6itoucOamO; Git rset Gereieir cles eisia lon 19.00 LO; EOVATG Cots pislviei- areata ix alse eet ole 19 50 22 And De Hieo: cP Sew. aye ? Department 0 Glovatt nl a | Ganada To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible : ONEEKLY ATH Le i A PARTIGULAR LOT OF LUMBER H Will secure for you a Buyer or Seller iC JLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, ETC. | a mut PRorerty | NIMS yi “ad Write for Stock List SEGOND-HAND MAGHINERY re Cerrone, Canadas" FOREIGN EXPORTERS «” IMPORTERS JE want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : : : : ? 1, 1%, 1% and 2 ineh BLACK ASH «{ >. 14% and 2 inch SOFT ELM PIRE LUMBER CO. i BUFFALO, N. Y. 1 inch and thicker BIRCH M ite us, stating what you have for immediate shipment, with full description of stock, etc. M. F. AMOROUS, ANT LUMBER C ae WE GENE LNG LEN YL Be to order for FACTORIES, HOUSES, WHARVES, BRIDGES, TRESTLES AND CARS ........ Ay iin Dried Floorings sew ATLANTA, GEORGIA, U.S.A. ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. Cama rerersiN «| on : : 2 2 2 Pie, aod peste: aes NOVPRESS REDWOOD. HARDVVYOOD Lumber and Logs tor Export —— LUMBER NO. | BROADWAY - NBW YORK. OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE - - BONDED LINE BETWEEN - CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK CITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA A'YLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO, WILLIAMS’ LINE. J. H.Williams/ 15 LUMBER DISTRICT, ALBANY, N.Y. Agent N.Y. Office—ROOM 306, 18 BROADWAY. YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS IN AND MANUFACTURERS OF Poplar + and - Frardwoods Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. vie 54 South Street, NEW YORK. Oy Be! ~ oe Aw eg Cat ee Ape tee 4 é \ - a eee ee dl ee ek ee eee DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman.”’ BELTING Cassidy, Bonner & Co., Montreal. McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. DRY KILNS McEachren, J. D., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Woodstock, Ont. Williams, A. R., Toronto. LOG TRUCKS agit Pe pda, > 4 CANADA LUMBERMA _ a 5 we) re. a ad 2 = x Le k get ; ‘ieee Moo’ ae . ae = ; == a ; OTTAWA, ONT, th: ¢ NEW YORK CITY. “Sse Orrawa, March 27, 1895. New York, N. Y. pate 4s Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b.m......--.---+++e+se-+-> to. ge oa Pa? ks . Pine, gond strips, RL MMM Ci eee PSs eR ity WHITE PINE LUMBER ~ poe ft 1 Pine, good shorts, “eens eee ee er ee ree Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of supply, toa No. 1 dressing sidings, per M feet, b.m rendering it useless to give prices for local market. - » yl ’ . Pine, ay cc oe “ ee Ca WHITE PINE TIMBER. r. a Pagy’ ; Pine, 10 s.c. and better stock, ‘‘ 56 £ Bridge timber. $28 00 @ 40 00 | Building orders. . . ..$26 00 @ 35 00 ’ ine) Sis:c.) oe a ee ¥ vs Decking... ... 50 00 : a olen Pine, “* sidings fg 33 se = Pine, “strips a Pree ec te SPRUCE. Pine, «shorts iy ee si BitO OiK~ meee ae .14 00 14 50|10to12zin....,.. Pine, box culls tO vg 6\for2 ites soa ee 1475 15 25| Lath Pine, mill culls 2 ns Ce QitO ta Sis. vo «nea malate 15 25 15 50 Tiathy pervs, cyo.a', ext ape oo he 014s = race nivel tao «sina 2 : SAGINAW, MICH. QUEBEC, QUE. Quebec, March 27, 1895. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. Bain Bros. Mfg. Co., Brantford, Ont. cts. cts. The Chatham Mfg. Company, Chatham, Ont. For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured Off. .......+0+s+eeceeeese steer eee ee res se te tntees 16 @ 22 LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES i fair cavern Siem according to average, etc., measured off. 20 26 Davidson & Hay, ‘Toronto Ben gvodiald ened inaycrnes EPR i race fine Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. In shipping order by ts % . A 36. 42 : Waney board, 18 to 19 inch SS Ke By : £6) (a2 MACHINERY 2 Waney board, 1g to 21 inch es € f A So £98) © M45 : Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. RED PINEIN THE RAFT. Darling Bros., Montreal. Measured off, according to average and quality.......--..---+-+ 7 ee Drake, F. J., Belleville, Ont. In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “ Sem Aca TSE OI 22 30 ae Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que., _ OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. Payette, J. E. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. By the dram, according to average and quality . . 4. a Mowry & Son, B. R., Gravenhurst, Ont. ; ELM. ? Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. By the diam, according te everseeinnd MEY, $5 7 oa eee The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. ASH. The Waterous Co., Brantford. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality . 28- 32 illiams, A. R., Toronto. : P pee : Walianis, eo ee 16 inch average, according to average and quality . « 2 23 SAW MANUFACTURERS co acne Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Square, according to size and quality ‘i ae Ae Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. Flatted, : <*05 9 28 STAVES. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp’cfct’n—nominal . $330 $350 Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Buffalo, N. Y. W. O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality . go 100 Bell, L. H., Pittsburgh, Pa. DEALS. Donogh & Oliver, Lt Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for 1st, $78 to $82 for Elias & Bro., G., Buffalo, N- Y. Be and sape $40 to $43 for od an as tae § ‘ oa Haines & Company, Buffalo, N. Y. right spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 for 1st, $27 Lo $2 Maitland, Rixon tbo, ; Owen Sound, Ont. for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $2x for 4th quality. F.O B. batteau. Reid Co. of Toronto, The —_ . F Scatcherd & Son., Buffalo, 1 ee BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. ; MISGELLANEOUS Tonawanpa, N. Y., March 27, 1895. Boiler Improvement, Peterboro’ Steam Boiler Co., Peterboro’. WHITE PINE. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Unt. Up’rs, 1,14, 1% and 2 Shelving, No. 1, 13 in - Canada Atlantic Railway. indir tte oe aay $47 00 50 00 and up, 1 in...-.. 31 00@33 00 Can. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. atxand|s ink: (es 50 00 53 00| Dressing, 1% in...... 25 00 26 00 - Dominion Leather Board Co., Montreal. a 54 00 56 00 = Y%ixx0 and = 26 oo er Board Co., Montreal, rh Me eee eee es Axio and 12...... Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. Selects, rin. ......-- 38.00 3900| 1% in.....-...-2-- 24 00 25 00 Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad, n/N 5 4 Tf, fO'R AD. 2c peters 40 GO 42 00 2) MV, chs\eie'a ieee ales 26 50 28 oo Emery Wheels, Tanite Co., Stroudsburgh, Pa, 2% and 3 in....... 47 00 50 00| Mold st’ps, x to 2in.. 33 00 35 00 Illinois Central Railroad Co., Chicago, Ill. a 32 00| Barn, No. 1, roand rz eon proes tc , No. x, Lumber Truck Wheels, Montreal Car Wheel Co. Fine common, 1 in... 35 00 37 90 Sip sense siete 21 00 23 00 Magnolia Metal Co., New York. . 1% and 13% in 2 8 Glande : : 4% and 1% in....- 37 00 38 00 an Ais ect sntoyalae 20 50 22 00 Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. 2 in 35 00| No.2, 10andz2in. 17 00 18 oo Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. 3 in F 45 00| No. 3, roand 12in. 14 0 16 co Pike Poles, John Adamson, Toronto, Ont. sae Ds 3 » 4 in 45 00 6and8in...... ves SXDY5O /TBfoo Sil Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., T t : A ilver Solder, P. W. Ellis 0., Loronto. mee up, No. 1,1in.“27 00 29 00] 6 and 8in... sho) E350» 5, BO. DS tOlS A. cette eye 32 00 33 00} Common, rin.. .. 16.00 18 00 : . i ; , No. 2, t in......-- 16 00 17 00 -14% andr¥in...... 18 200 20 00 Business Wisdom: “If you have genius, industry Be 2, 1% to2in.. = 00) hago!) 12: ain! airs th feast ciate 19 00 22 00 e 5 . e . o. 3, 14% to2in... 18 00 19 00 will improve it; if you have none, industry will sup- PO id ply its place.”—Keynolds. ALBANY, N.Y IN ES - j : ; Avsany, N. Y., March 27, 1895. The Price Lists that here follow will be revised each iS y. week up to the hour of going to press, and in connection Uppers, 3 in. up..--- +s 297 $50 $52 Dressing boards, narrow... .$19 $27 . with these we wou'd draw attention to the week’s trade hae Kap tay 50) 52 | Went dndiisiteeie Ses . i e A6 rs TtOZQ IN... eee eee eee 45 48| Box boards.. ..........+-. 12 14 L review under the heading of Current Trade Conditions 4 inch uppers ....+..-+++++- 50 52 | xo-in. dressing and better... 26 39 i: on the first page. immediately followed with matter Sclects, 2% in. UP.. +--+ ++ 40 42] ro-in. common .........+... 14 15 marked “Stocks and Prices,” which presents the lumber pine enon. 314 in, and up 38 40 a ond West eee situation of the week, together with a secord of the week's tozin..... yi oe Lee - a 38 No. x barn, eee ee 5S sales and transactions. Nc. xr cut, r to2inch....... Ba) Aull ExIOr sie eee rege 21 i ’ No: 2. sesh ar'e ere jase cats 18 25 TE gis assis Bereta c ace ien tacele ata 18 " PRICES CURRENT INGustaiie cep hanagectieane 17 20| No. 2 barn, rxr2 I 4 Ss i No. 1 molding, 1 to2in..... 33 36 REO: Aden ee ee 4 . No. 2 molding, 1 to 2 in..... 25 28 eH oo. cate eae eee I . TORONTO, ONT Stai ; - 9 C tained saps......-.-- q 20 | Shaky or star clear, 1 to 2in. 19 21 Toronto, March 27, 1895. Bracket plank 35 (Dressing a... - 800 goo Ordinary planed 4 tinea sate estes $ 9 25 9 75 . x 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank 26 00 beards. ese ».. $12 00 12 50 nE-16 inch. .4...-- 8 50 00 - 4 arpa ih 9 z inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run......---.+- -++++-eeee ee 15 00 Coarse No. 5...-+-- i509 16 00 BY hel eee an ee 8 00 8 50 inch strips, COMMON.......--.eeees seen eee sere e secs sees 13 00 Refuse fos seman 12 00 13 00 | Clapboards, sapext.. 48 00 50 00 x 1-4 inch flooring 1600 Outs......-....sees g 00 Sap.clesrantess, ea 44.00 45 00 , x 1-2 inch flooring 16 00 Boxboards, 1 inch... 10 75 11 00 Sap, 2nd clear.... 38 00 4900 XXX shingles, 16 ST es aE «os peie oe 2 30 Yeinch.......-..- 975 1000) No. 2.-..52.-..65 2300 25 00 ~* KX shingles 16inch.........-.0- see eee s ee eee eect e eee I 40 ; WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. . — nas Tone Faroe cin yard sun bbls aisla Pale evades ’=.° » =15,sce\ acetal iste alare by 3 = Uppers, 7 be ie esas: 00 nine com., jane 4 in 43 00 45 00 , 2 iD), Oe Re Nino cA TOSeO So TS oe aaa cn A ae 90 653 00 0. 2, 1 ine Finecom. 28 00 30 00 4 HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. ; 3 and 4in.......... 59 00 63900] 1X hy and 2in... 29 00 = oo Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. IEEE Giese PO na eG) =) wane No. 1 strips, 4 to 6 in. 43 00 44 00 : - A 14%, 1% and 2 in.. 45 00 47 00 Nosy af. acta ae Ash, white, 1 to2in..$26 00 $28 oo Cherry I : 1% 5000 6000 Zand Allon yo ste yoo) 57) GO|bn pINOM Sicha deine ches say to. 4.. 30:00 32 00 2 ‘4.. 6000 6500 Moulding boards, 7 to Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.... pas Piack, oe and Elm, soft x to, 14%4$14 00 or 00 11 in. clear...... 36.00 38 00| Coffin boards........ Ig 00 ands, 1to 14 in .. 21 00 23 00 F 2 15 00 16 00 60 per cent. clear... 34 00. 36 oo | Common allwidths... 22 00 26 00 Ash, black, ists and tg ss frock zx (1% 16 00 1800 Fine common, zin.... 38 00 40 00 Shipping culls, in... 15 00 15 50 ay eee ao ee - = See iy e a: a ie - ce 1%, 1% and 2in... 41 50 42 00 do 14% in. 15 50 16 50 6) aR a 4.. 20 00 24 00} Maple tr ‘* 1143600 18 00 SHINee Birch, - 1 ‘134 24 00 26 00 « a) Ut gee nn aan the ISDIUCE. oc lee te seine ses = go 1 so||Secand Clear........ 2. t 80 2 25 ae 2 “ 4..,26°00 29 00 Oak,red, Pee asec Foyer, pe OxEASL estes 25 3 00)|Hixtra INO. Tis ..0ee ane X 50) ergs ‘« sqrs. 4x4 “* 8x8 28 00 32 00 ae 2 ‘4.. 3000 3200 Cele Prine, eee Ont 240 275 : Basswood 1 “1% 1600 1800| ‘‘white‘‘r “ 1% 2800 3000 HEMLOCK. “ “2, 79100 19.00) “ “ ‘2 “* 4,. 130700 35.00 Boards, rough........ goo@rooo| No. 2.4.......-.--- 7 00@ “ mr “1% 1400 1600] “quartd1r “2.. 4800 5200 Planed..-..-....--- BERG SELES Butternut x “* 1% 23 60 25 00| Walnut’ 1 a: 3.. 85 00 100 90 LATH. ‘ 2. \' 3.- 25 00) 128100 Whitewood 1 ‘‘ 2.. 3200 3600 Spruce........+.200ee By cargo. o12- eee 1 80@ 190 Chestnut 1 2.. 22 00 25 00 7 Byars soa ar- 1 80@ 200 “. = ore alia, tins ¢ 4 eo Y ; ‘: ps eats oo ae eee Pe ae Pen ee yeh 7 poten ; UPPERS AND SELECTS, Uppers, 1 in., 10 in. and up Sacinaw, Mich., March 27, 1895- Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $38 o wide....... Wer aero $45 oc| 1%, 1% andzin........-- 14%, 14% and 2 in. 44.00| 2% and 3in.......--- a nspiae 2% and 3 in...... ; 55 50)) gains. 7-5 Ares cnt Rea ae SUES rip Seclafeld a scares ove Abe 55 70 e FINE COMMON. zin., 8 in. and up wide...... 32 00 | 2% and3in., 8in. and up wide x4, 1% and 210... 25. - 02-5 34 00 4AN- sy eece- = see ani oe erated B FINE COMMON OR NO, 1 CUTTING. : rin., 7in. and up wide...... 25 00 | 2% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 1%, 1% and/2in...-...+-.s- 39,GO | 4 UM. a2 acne eles ne -nineme Poe STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 1Y in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00] 1 in.,-4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... G50u: sw ede anes ciple 36 o2 | Gin. wide. ........---+ Jone FINE COMMON ORC. ; 134 in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide ...... 30.00 | 1 in., 6 in. wide......... 1 ip., 4, 5 in, wide... ...-..5: 28 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. a Ml 24 00] 1 in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide. NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. 17 00 | rin., 4,5 and 7 18 oo | ri i NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. r{in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 1 in., 4, 5 and 7 in Tie, GUL «reve et cae eres EAD, 45 5 ACO 7 Beer eno AEN g OF WEL, oietes att cepts = ota No. 1, 1 in., ro in. stocks.... zin , ro in. and up wide... I in., 12 in. StocksS>.-..-..- 1 in., 12 in. and up wide... 14Uin. 1% and 2in., 8in, and up wide SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. 14 00 25 00 | No. 2, rin., 7 and 26 00 tin., roin. 29 00} 1in., 12in. 29 00 1in., 10 in, a a Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 25 | Standard brands. river Clear Butts... oo. << Sgeestens 2 00 XX. : Clear Butts. - WHITE PINE LATH. Nowrorpcac- ens oc ons 2 ae x gor| No, 21.~ 2201 : Hemlock...: OSWEGO, N.Y. OsweEco, N. ¥: WHITE PINE. Three uppers, 1%, 14% and 2inch..... ast Pickings, oa Ce ctx S coment “ a7 e, selected No. 1, cutting up, “* No. 2, cutting up, “ In strips, 4 to 8 wid moulding for trips, SIDING x in siding, cutting up I ticks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 | 1% r in dressing.......-- 14 in No. _1in No. x culls..... 1% in No. 21 1 in No. 2 culls...... x in. No 3 culls 1X12 INCH, x2 and 16 feet, mill run........ sft cuba ete 12 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards.... 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better....-.--.-. 12 and 16 feet, No. 2 culls.... 14%{x10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$22 00o@25 00 | No. Dressing and better.. 27 00 Mill run, mill culls out 17 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill culls.ant.. 2.2.55. 6, 7 or 8, drsg and better..... ecaage 25 gO XXX, 18 in pine....-.- Clear butts, pine, 18 in.. XX c6ins pm. sa Stock cedars, 5 or 6 in.. No, 1, 1%. No. 1, rin.. Ree cet mee « Shs [ANO. cas egies Da cisler Raia Wes eateetm I culls. Soc} 2culls... 1X4 INCHES. 21 00 | No. xculls...-..0 4s 30 00 | No. 2culls.........- 35 00 | No. IX5 INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, No. xculls.. x6 25 00 | 6, 7 or 8, No.2 culls. . 30 00 SHINGLES. 3.75 | XXX, 18 in. cedar... . 3 40 2 75 | Clear butt, 18 in. cedar. 2. 3 10| XX, r8in. cedar ....175 2 5 00 : LATH. a o--)» sae eee Dy 50 ; en ew ole “~ - ¢ + APRIL, 1895 THE DODGE PATENT SPLIT FRICTION CLUTCH AND 4 CUT-OFF COUPLING. 5 utility of friction clutch pulleys for power trans- mission has been fully demonstrated by long and continuous service, and their advantages over the belt destroying shifter are so aumerous and obvious that one wonders why their already extensive use is not univer- sal. Even in the matter of first cost the clutch equip- ment is not greatly in excess of that of tight and loose pulleys, when the extra pulleys and double widths neces- sary for the drivers are considered. By placing the clutch pulley upon the driving shaft, the belts and all the auxiliary shafting connected or controlled by the clutch _ are thrown out of action, saving belting, power, oil and danger from hot bearings and pulleys. Amongst the comparatively new clutches on the market is the Dodge _ Split Clutch, manutactured by the Dodge Wood Split Pulley Company. This clutch is made for service as a ‘cut-off coupling, or may be used in connection with pulleys, gears, sprockets, rope sheaves, friction or hoist- ing drums, and various other power connections. Its simplicity is readily appreciated by mechanics who have ever had any experience with clutches of more or less complicated nechanism and those having a large num- ber and variety of parts. The friction disc is made of iron with perforations therein, through which hardwood friction blocks are (| Deals) ca st Uy : Li 4 DopGEe CLUTCH WITH SHIFTER. fastened, presenting two surfaces of end grain for fric- tional contact. This disc is a part of the extended sleeve or portion of the clutch connected to the pulley, or whatever driving appliances may be used, and runs loose on the shaft where the clutch is located at the driven end of the transmission. The friction connection is made through two finished cast iron plates, one of which is keyed to the shaft, and which are thrown in contact with the wood filled disc by throwing in a slid- ‘ing collar which works loose on the shaft, through the ‘thrust of the collar actuating the toggle levers which operate four draw-bolts, forcing the friction plates to i = 7 Wy Ny Nye Me Mm Ma [pccre Me LICE TLL LLL LLL SHow1nc Spit SLEEVE. contact with the friction disc—this connection operating the pulley or transmission wheel in conformity with the moving shaft. One of the main difficulties existing in the various styles of clutches is the lack of clearance between the friction disc and plates; this trouble is entirely obviated in the Dodge clutch, the clearance being large and instantaneous, actuated by powerful coil springs which separate the plates quickly upon a withdrawal movement on the sliding collar. Two levers are used with four points of contact on the plates, there THE CANADA LUMBERMAN " being no loose or rattling joints; the levers are made solid in one piece and have carefully finished fulcrum points on the outer or loose friction plate. The Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., appreciating the trade demand for a simple, quick acting clutch, with all possible points of advantage considered, have incorpor- ated the split or separ- able feature as being one of the most important and quickest of apprecia- tion by consumers. The advantages in a_ split clutch are manifold, they are easier and quicker to adjust to shaft or repair, and effect quite a saving in time and labor. None of the shafting or other equipment need be dis- turbed in placing the clutch in position. When this point is fully under- stood and appreciated we bespeak a more rapid change from the old tight and loose pu!ley ideas to the modern plan of machine driving. It is the expense of the split clutch as formerly made, as well as the trouble and ex- pense involved in putting on solid clutches that has kept many manufacturers from making the changes long ago. This clutch is put on the market at about the same price as any other first-class clutch, but having the split feature to its credit. The Dodge split clutch is par- ticularly adapted to service with gears, sprockets and other connections, and the only necessary features of these appliances over the regular goods is the large bore necessary to fit the ex- tended sleeve. This sleeve is separate from the friction disc and may be easily detached for repairs without handling any portion of the clutch mechanism. For ordinary service the sleeve is lined with genuine babbit and fitted with compression grease cups to insure continuous efficient lubrication. The pulley is clamped over the sleeve and keyed securely. An improvement of very great practi- cal importance is the patented separ- able or detachable hub, which bears to the clutch the same relation that the Dodge and Philion bush bears to the pulley. It enables the manufacturers to carry finished clutches in stock to be furnished with hubs as ordered also from stock—or at most with delay of only a few hours. It also enables the owner to keep a clutch on hand, and at the expense of a new hub use it in a shaft of different size or as a cut off coupling, as he may desire. CLUTCH ON SPROCKET WHEEL. Many patents have been taken out en the special feat- ures, and if the numerous favorable expressions of mechanics and engineers go for anything we feel safe in predicting a large demand for the Dodge patent split clutch. Many shifting devices are shown ; one is ad- justed to the floor stands used for shaft supports, and another a plain geared apparatus mounted independently and operating through a rock and pinion. PATENT INTERCHANGEABLE SLEEVE. The company issue a handsome catalogue cover- ing their various specialties, and are pleased to mail same free to any one interested. Address, Dodge Wood Split Pulley Company, 68 King Street West, Toronto. LOOK TO THE BOILER ROOM. HE enormous coal consumption per unit of output in many electric lighting and power plants is cause for general comment, especially since a recent committee report brought the wide variations of efficiency promi- nently into notice. Theories innumerable are advanced to account for the difference between the fuel burned: per horse-power in driving the dynamos, as compared with other service ; a favorite conclusion seeming to be that compound engines are not satisfactory when working through other than narrow ranges of power variation. While this is probably true of a great many of the engines used for such work where the cylinder piopor- tions and general make-up are no credit to those responsible for the designs, yet there is little doubt but that one main cause of the trouble must be looked for in another direction. A glance through the power houses . SECTION OF CLUTCH AND PULLEY SHOWING EXTENDED SLEEVE. discloses the fact that many of them are run on an easy- going basis, no attempt seemingly being made to main- tain proper discipline among the attendants, each of whom shifts for himself without let or hindrance from the directing authority. A genuine fireman, thoroughly trained in the principles of his profession, would blush with shame at the sight of these boiler departments. In place of clean grates, giving a bright glow be- neath, the bars are masked by clinkers, and the ash pits yawn without a ray of light to show what is going on within. : The air wheezes as it forces a passage through the refuse, instead of passing in with that rustling sound that tells of free combustion. At frequent intervals, between the discussion of politics, or other matter foreign to the work in hand, an individual, whose only claim to being a fireman lies in his ability to heave carbon against the back of the fur- nace, rises from an ottoman of coal and canvas, and thiowing open a furnace door, leisurely proceeds to shovel in a half ton or so of fuel, after which work of art, with no attempt to level the fire, or clear the grate, he throws himself upon his couch for another restful season. Under the too common management of such places, there seems to be not the slightest incentive offered a man to properly attend his boilers. An enormous grate and heating surface, and immense chimney, are relied upon to maintain steam, when a ‘few first-class men at the fires would make fewer boilers do better work.—American Machinist. The number of boiler explosions in saw mills and other wood-working establishments during 1894 was fully up to the average. Some of them were unusually destructive. Country saw ills, whose boilers are in charge of cheap and ignorant men, furnish most of the casualties. t2 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1895 OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] UMBERMEN of the Ottawa seem to have pretty well made up their minds to resist the new law in regard to dumping sawdust. At least, they will allow the matter to come before the courts, and have it thrashed out there before they will go to the expense of putting in equipments for the consumption of the sawdust. It is stated that a legal gentle- man has determined to test the question, and after the 1st of May will lay information against all and sundry mill men, who shall violate the law. But an exception, perhaps, to the general rule is that of W. C. Edwards & Co., whom, it is stated, will build an incinerator to burn all sawdust and refuse from their lumber mill at New Edinburgh. The incinerator will be 20 feet in diameter and 80 feet in height. It will be located on the site of the old office of the firm and the end of the mill nearest Sussex St. The incinerator will be constructed entirely of stone and brick and of- such thickness as to endure for 20 years. Carriers of the most improved kind will be laid all through the mills to carry all edgings and sawdust to the incinerator. What the final outcome of the legislation on the sawdut ques- tion will amount to, it is difficult to say. If the mill men show fight, it will be a serious thing for Ottawa to have the mills closed down at the season when they are expected to be at the busiest. Leaving out the question of possible tronble from the sawdust act the lumber mills of the Chaudiere are expected to begin operations about the middle of April, if the ice does not interfere. A busy season’s sawing is anticipated, and it is not thought that there will be any delays for logs. Reports of five colporteurs of the Ottawa Auxiliary Bible Society for the month of February, show that they visited 165 shanties and depots on the Ottawa river and its tributaries, travelled 2,484 miles, and sold in the lumbering camps 626 Bibles and Testaments, valued at $350.60, Some time ago the government issued a fiat toenable Dennis Ryan and Company to take action to set aside the letters patent of incorporation granted to the Ontario Western Lumber Co., of Rat Portage, on the ground that the statements mace in the application were untrue. Evidence was taken in the case at Rat Portage last December, but argument was not concluded. The Imperial Bank of Toronto, creditors of the company, asks now that the government allow the fiat to be withdrawn and Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper heard the application a few days ago. He reserved his decision. Orrawa, Can., March. 22, 1895. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. HE saw mill of S. T. King & Sons at Kingsville, that was closed down last summer because of the depression in trade, has started going again this season and nearly all the old staff have returned to their first love. Isaac Porter is this week shipping ton timber by rail to St. John. Evidence of the starting of the mills generally for the season is seen on many hands. The return is noticed of Mr. Allen Ritchie, of Newcastle, from the United Kingdom. Charies Miller’s shingle mill, Pokiok, and Barnhill’s mill at Pleasant Point have commenced operations. There is some talk of Montreal capitalists establishing a large pulp mill on the Quebec shore of Bay Chaleur. A large quantity of logs are now being hauled by Chas. Still- well, C. J. & Moses O. Colwell, John Mullin and others to be sawed by C. & J. Robinson’s mill at the Narrows, Queen’s County. It is not supposed that the lumber cut at Salmon River this season will exceed 9,000,000 feet, about as follows: Hugh McLean, four million; G. G. King, three million; R. D. Richardson, three quarters of a million. It is noteworthy the number of portable mills that are in operation in different parts of the province. In the vicinity of Weymouth Creek near St. Martin’s there are five mills of this class, giving employment to 200 men and 150 horses. The death of Robert Connors, a veteran lumberman of the Upper St. John, N. B., took place at Hot Springs, Ark., on the 11th inst. He was a native of Nova Scotia, but resided and carried on extensive lumber operations on the St. Francis for many years. , Six teams are hauling deals from Beaver Brook, Albert County, for J. S. Atkinson & Co. In addition to the large amount of spruce timber got out this winter a great deal of hardwood inthe shape of ton timber will be shipped from Albert and Riverside this spring: In the vicinity of Albert Station, J. S, Atkinson:& Co., and C. and I. Prescott have a large amount of very fine ton timber, which was cut at New Ireland and will be shipped direct to Great Britain from Grindstone Island. Sr. Joun, N. B., March 22., 95. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanAvA LuMBERMAN.] “THE effort to extend ship building in the province is creat- 2 ing a good deal of interst among lumbermen and busi- ness men generally. The manner in which the proposal has been met by the different boards of trade shows how the posi- tion occurs to the commercial community. It is recognized, had British Columbia her own vessels, that business now carried in foreign bottoms, would come to this province. The lumber trade, of course, welcome any movement in this direction, and would be good customers for such vessels. Besides it would mean a consumption of lumber that would be worth some- thing to the local lumbermen. The hope is that the provincial government will view the matter in a liberal light, and take steps in the direction indicated. Some large shipments of lumber have gone east within the past week or two from the Brunette and Royal City Saw Mills. The lumber trade of the province is looking up and there is a good deal of activity among the mills. Shipments of good size are going out for export and local trade, and also business with Manitoba is improving. Estimates are being prepared for the installation of an electric logging railway on one of our large northern timber limits. Electricity will be generated by water power and trans- * mitted some distance to the limits. How quickly the standing tree can be turned into lumber is illustrated in the case of a car load of lumber that went east from the Royal City Mills on Thursday of last week, the raw material of which was growing in the woods on Monday. An Ottawa despatch received here says that judgment has been handed down in the Supreme Court in Canada in the case of B. C, Mills & T Co., vs. Scott, involving an accident at the saw mill of the company. A new trial is given, the appeal be- ing allowed. New WESTMINSTER, B.C., March 18, 1895. MICHIGAN LETTER. (Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HOUGH another month has gone by, it must be confessed that there is not any great stir in lumber business in this state. Of course mills are getting in readiness for the season’s operations, but even these are tardy in their movements. A year ago some of the mills were in good swing early in March. This year it will be the Ist of April and the 15th in many cases before there will be a large amount of stir. All these are evidences of caution on the part of the trade, and is in keeping with the spirit of buyers, who confine their purchases to small lots, where in other seasons they would buy much more generously. Charles Merrill & Co., are likely to run their mill light this season, having a stock of 16,000,000 feet of lumber on hand, which is not moving very rapidly. The final decision of the Dominion cabinet in officially announcing the removal of the duty on boom sticks and chains is a satisfactory ending of a difficulty that at one time looked rather threatening for Michigan and Canadian lumber interests. There is some ta!k of a Michigan syndicate being formed to control Canadian timber, but it is hard to trace it back to sound foundations. Lumbermen, who ought to know, be- cause of their interest in Canadjan timbers, laugh at the sug- gestion. The liquidation of the affairs of R. G. Peters, of Grand Rapids, who failed four years ago with over $1,000,000 liabili- ties, is progressing, under the management of the Michigan Trust Co., in avery satisfactory manner. The trustees announce that within another year the business will be closed up, with a surplus of decent size for Mr. Peters. In 1851 the mills on the Saginaw river cut 92,000,000 feet. Inside of ten years these figures had only reached 125,- 000,000 feet. Another decade showed an immense increase, when the cut figured out within a fraction of 600,000,000 feet only to be increased in 1880 to practically 900,000,000 feet, and high water mark was touched in 1882 with an output of more than 1,100,000,000 feet. Then came the toboggan slide act, until last year the record of cut shows only 481,244,039 feet. Stronger evidence of the denudation of this once great white pine state needs not to be offered. SAGINAW, MIcH., March 20, 1895. " Subscribe for the CANADA LUMBERMAN. $1.00 per year. THE NEWS. | —W. H. Freeman, lumber, Milton, Ont., is dead. —S. E. Holmes, Harwich, Ont,, is rebuilding his saw mill. —W. Hamilton will erect asaw and shingle mill at Sand Point, Cnt. —Over three million feet of logs are on hand at the Cash- mere, Ont., saw mill. —Mr. Kushick has just completed the erection of a saw mill at Buckingham, Que. —Haun Bros., Edgington, Ont., are removing their saw mil] to Dufferin Bridge, Ont. : —Wnm. Arselstine, of Violet, has purchased the grist and saw mill of G. Deline, at Croydon. —Scott Bros. have lately thoroughly overhauled the machin- ery in their saw mills near Galt, Ont. —cC. H. Merryfield has started his saw mill at Monkton, Ont. He has 600,000 feet of logs to saw. —Messrs. Martin & Jones, of Kemptville, Ont., are erect- ing a sash and door factory on the south bank of the river. —Ament Bros., of Brussels, Ont., have their mill yard stocked with 800,000 to 1,000,000 feet of logs this spring. —Ferguson Bros. have started their saw mill at Eversley, Ont., for another season. They have their yard well stocked with logs. —The shingle mill of S. A. McAuley at Lower Millstream, N. B., has been recently undergoing repairs, executed by the Robb Engineering Co. ; —James Crawford offered to build and equip a large sawmill on Baker’s Brook, N. B., provided the council will grant exemption from taxation for ten years. —D. E. Sprague, of Winnipeg, has a number of men em- ployed placing his log booms in the river near his mill prepara- tory to the spring break-up of the ice. —Graham, Horne & Co., of Fort William, Ont., expect to operate their saw mill night and day during the coming sum- mer, employing two gangs of workmen. —Munroe & McEwen’s saw mill at Moose Creek, Ont., has orened for the season. The cut this season will be large, as the number of logs taken out during the winter has been larger than usual. —A steam barge is being built at Garden Island by the Calvin Company, expressly for carrying timber. The dimen- sions are 180 feet long, 87 feet beam, and 13 feet hold. She will carry 40,000 feet of oak timber. —The Wm. Cane & Sons Mfg. Co., of Newmarket, Ont., are consumers of a large amount of timber. In one week re- cently 60 cars of pail timber were received by the firm. They intend putting in another machine for pail work. —wW. Kerr has been taking the machinery out of his old tannery at Mitchell, and shipping it off to exchange for saw- mill machinery. Mr. Kerr has a splendid water power and mill privilege in Algoma, and is putting up a saw and carding mill. ; —A movement is en foot to establish a saw mill at Slate River, Ont. A large amount of timber in the Slate River valley is inaccessible to the mills at Port Arthur and Fort Wil- liam, and there is a demand for lumber in the vicinity also, which cannot well be supplied by these mills on account of distance, except at too great a cost. —George Gurd, timber dealer, of Tilbury, Ont., has over ~ 2,000,000 feet of logs on the Lake Shore railway, awaiting shipment to Walkerville, from whence they will be rafted to Detrvit. He has another 1,500,000 banked on the Krule and other drains for rafting, in addition to a large quantity on Detroit river. = —A deputation recently waited on the Ontario Government urging that further steps be taken for the protection of the timber limits in the northern parts of the province by the appointment of additional fire rangers. Among the deputation were Mr. Thos. Long, of Toronto, Mr. John Long, of Colling- wood, and Dr. Spohn, of Simcoe. Consideration was pro- mised by the Premier. —D. L. Shannon, who recently sold the machinery of his sawmill at Prince Albert, Sask., to Smyth Bros., of Steep Creek, has purchased a 50-horse power engine and boiler, and a more extensive outfit of machinery, and is fitting up his mill to manufacture lumber, shingles and lath. The capacity of the new mill wiil be 20,000 feet of lumber, 20,000 shingles and 30,000 lath per day. About twenty men will be employed ~ during the summer. early in April. —Wm. Irwin & Co., of Orillia, Ont., have entered suit against Turner & Fisher, a lumbering firm of Bay City, Mich., The mill is expected to be in operation le APRIL, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 == to recover the sum of $22,000, claimed to be due on a $95,000 timber cutting contract in Algoma. The defendants state that 7,000,000 feet of the amount contracted for was not cut, and that the plaintiff's scalers fraudulently figured it against them. The plaintiffs deny that this was done, and claim that some $6,000 of dues in respect of the 7,000,000 feet were paid to the Ontario Government. CASUALTIES. —A Jumberman named John Norton, while cutting timber near the camp at Mattawa, Ont., was crushed by a falling tree. He was taken to his home in Dalhousie, N. B. —W. A. Johnston, foreman in Robertson & Hackett’s fac- tory at Vancouver, B. C., had the misfortune to lose four _ fingers of his left hand, while working on a buzz planer. —A man named Harry Smith, of Salmon Beach, N. B., while working in W. M. Roger’s lumber camp, at Russell’s siding, had his left leg broken below the knee by a falling tree. —A painful accident occurred at Hardy’s saw mill at Lime- bank, Ont., recently, by which a German employee who was engaged working at a circular saw, had his hand split be- tween the fingers up to the wrist. —A Chinese mill hand named Ah Sing, met a horrible death at the Taylor mills at Victoria, B. C. He became en- tangled with the fastenings of the carrying frame and was thus projected on the saw, which almost bisected his body. —While sawing lumber with a portable saw mill at Stirling, Ont., Anson Dafoe was fatally injured. In putting on the belt his hand was caught, tearing one arm nearly off, breaking the other in two places, and fracturing five of his ribs. Simeon Grenier, of Pain Court, was killed a fortnight ago by the bursting of a saw in Scheff’s mill, at that place. A piece of the saw struck him in the forehead, killing him instantly. He had been an employee of the mill for many years. Sylvester Z. Earle and Robert Palmer were recently cutting lumber at Douglass Harbor, N. B., Earle was hewing and palmer was ‘‘scoring.” Palmer’s axe acci- dentally struck Earle on the back, inflicting an ugly wound, from which it is feared he will die. for a new wharf. —An accident occurred at Point Fortune, Ont., on the 13th March, which caused instant death to Edmund S. Bradford. He was cutting timber with a portable saw and while stepping over the shaft his clothing caught in the coupling, revolving him around at a speed of about 600 revolutions per minute. —The saw mill of Martin Bros., at Lake Clear, Ont., the scene of an accident on the 7th ultimo by which Frank Martin lost his life A loosened board came in contact with the saw, and in recoiling struck Martin in the stomach, throw- was ing him about twelve feet. The internal injuries caused death in a few hours. —M. Silter, engineer in Thomson & Avery’s saw mill at Sharbot Lake, Ont., was accidentally caught in the belting recently, and had both legs broken, from the effects of which he died in a few hours. He was watching another employee adjust a belt, by the breaking of which he was thrown against the machinery. —A boiler explosion occurred in S. T. King’s steam saw mill at Kingsville, N. B., last week, killing a fireman named Wellington Smith, and injuring eight others. The mill was damaged to the extent of several thousand dollars. The action is supposed to have been caused by the boiler being coated with salt, fully an inch thick on the bottom, which had accumulated from the water taken from the St. John river. The mill employed eighty hands, and was insured for $15,000. ENTERPRISING LUMBERMEN. MONG Canadian lumbermen, who, by theiroperations show perfect confidence in the future of lumber is to be named Messrs. Hale & Booth, of Pembroke. A fortnight ago we noted a heavy purchase of limits at that time concluded by this firm with the Muskoka Mill and Lumber Company, Toronto. A survey of their operations within the past year shows that altogether their purchases within this time represent not less than $500,000. They may be particularized as follows: January, 1894, they purchased from Wily Bros., of Sagi- naw, Mich., limits to the value of $80,000; August, from R. Burt, of Saginaw, timber lands to the value of $65,000 ; November, from the John Spry Lumber Co., of Chicago, timber to the value of $20,000, and to these is to be added those purchased from the Muskoka Mill and Lumbe1 Co., berths 136 and 137 on the north shore of the Georgian Bay, the price said to be $350,000. They are also heavy operators on the Vermillion River ; their output this season will be about 20,000,000 feet of white pine logs, which will be driven to the mouth of the Spanish River. They have extended their busi- ness to Michigan, among the lumber kings of that state. Their output there will be about 200,000 cubic feet of board or Waney white pine. Recently they have purchased from the Perry Lumber Co., of Sault Ste Marie, Mich., 300,000 cubic feet of board or Waney timber, making a total of 500,000 cubic feet of timber, which will string 22 inches and 26 feet lineal. This will be the finest lot of timber that ever left the shores of Lake Superior: We understand that the timber will be brought to Quebec and there prepared for English markets. The firm are now with a large force of teams and men moving supplies to berths 136 and 137 before the spring opens, and expect to be in readiness for an early start next summer. Evidently Hale & Booth can take a prominent place among the lumber kings of the continent. TRADE NOTES. P. W. Ellis & Co. are finding ready sale among the mills for their special silver solder for repairing band saws. A great deal of it has been used, and is said to have given satisfaction They roll it in every way. It flows easily and is very strong. very thin and cut it to any size. The Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Co., of Peterboro’, Ont., have recently received an order from Audre, Cushing & Co., St John, N. B. for one of their well known Prescott band mills. Subscribe for THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, weekly and monthly editions. $1.00 per year. LUMBERMEN'S * % SUPPLIES HP. Eckardt & 60. WHOLESALE GROCERS A call from buyers when in the city solicited. Letter orders have careful and prompt attention. mx TORONTO. CAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. DAVIDSON STATA, Wholesale Grocers TORONTO HE NORTHEY MFG. 60., Lt0. “| ORONTO 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1895 PERSONAL. Alderman James Scott, manager of the Georgian Bay Lumber Co., is on a holiday trip south, Mr. John Waldie, manager of the Victoria Harbor Lumber Co., has been nominated by the Liberals of Halton, for the Commons in the coming Dominion elections. Mr. Waldie, some years ago, was the Liberal member for Halton. John Armstrong, of the firm of S. &J. Armstrong, McKellar, Ont., died of pneumonia at Parry Sound on the 16th of March. Mr. Armstrong has been contracting in logs in this district for over 28 years, and has lumbered in nearly every township on the west side of the district. ROPE DRIVES. OR rope drives, the common rule is not to make the diameter of the smallest pulley less than thirty times the diameter of the rope, and even larger than this is to be preferred. For wire rope it should be still more, and trom 50 to 100 times the rope diameter is the common practice when these are used. Excepting for very long transmissions, the wire is seldom used in re- gular driving, as its weight is objectionable, and its ad- vantages are not enough to make it popular over manilla or cotton ropes. ‘* MYSTERY ’’ OF BOILER EXPLOSIONS. HILE the “mystery” that has so long surrounded boiler explosions seems to be gradually lifting, a great many of the things occurring around an active steam plant havea tinge of the marvelous about them that has a decided tendency to quicken the perceptive faculties of the man who is called on to wrestle with them. A short time agoa neighbor asked my opinion as to the singular action of his boiler, which he had left with nearly three gages of water the night before and had found it in the morning without any water visible in the glass. He was confident that none of the valves were leaking, and when that explanation was suggested, and could not imagine any probable way to account for this loss. A few days afterwards I met him again, and the matter had been cleared up to his satisfaction. It seems that the day before he had left the boiler in the same shape as he commonly did, which sometimes in- cluded a partially opened injector valve. As he drew his feed water from a barrel, when the injector ceased working it became virtually a siphon, which drew the water out of the boiler. As on the latter occasion he had merely shut down for dinner, he had returned be- fore much of the water had got out, but it is safe to say that he will be careful to shut all valves hereafter.—F. Riddel in Power. ADVANTAGES OF WOOD FULLEYS. gl Reka practical advantages of wooden over iron pulleys are briefly summarized by Power and Transmission as follows :— Saving in power by better traction surface for belt, 33 per cent. Saving in weight, 70 per cent. Reduced size and weight of shafting, hanging, etc. Corresponding saving in power required to overcome friction in bearings, etc. Gain in safety speed limit, 400 per cent. Saving 1n time in putting on or off the shafts. Saving in time in procuring pulley when wanted. Saving in avoiding mutilation or distortion of shafting. All these considerations become augmented in impor- tance as speeds are increased, and are, therefore, of especial interest to all who are operating electrical mach- inery. Subscribe for THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, weekly and monthly editions. $1.00 per year. HE DOMINION ae MANUFACTURERS OF Friction Pulley Board ROOFING, SHEATHING AND FLOOFING FELTS LEATHER BOARD COMPANY ae GHE PAR oe The Late the Gheawoee and Best ORS Ter eG: LUMBBR, STAVES. HEADING, ETG. Write for Particulars to -~——__ > - JI. Ss PARMBEWI2e. Box 512, VW7oopsTrockK, ONT. >DODGEH< SPLIT PULLEYS rorSAW MILLS We make a special strong wood split pulley for saw mill use, and can supply it at much lower prices than iron. pulley—no chances to take. Office: 68 KING STREET WEST, TORONTO B.R. MOWPY & SON MANUFACTURERS OF SAW MILL wer a MAGHINERY Shingle Machinery a. Specialty REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND CAREFULLY EXECUTED SHINGLE MILL We guarantee every Write for prices. (odge Wood Split Pulley GO. The “BOSS” Shingle Machine \ ; AM Manufactured by us is acknowledged by | MTT practical men to be The Best Machine on the Market Gravenhurst, Ont. APRIL, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERNMAN 15 SCATCHERD? SON THE OFVAT EWAN fee SINNT LOG IRUOK. E want to contract with mill men for their winter's cut of SOFT ELM, BLACK ASH, BIRCH, BASSWOOD, and ROCK ELM, to be sawed to our order. Our saw- bill will get as much good lumber out of the log as any . WRITE US MOEAGHREN'S IMPROVED SYSTEM OF KILN DRYING. T must be self-evident that our GIANT ARM LOG TRUCKS, of which the above is a faithful illustration, is the best log truck made; but if conclusive evidence of this is wanted we refer to every mill man and lumberman in the county of Essex, Ont., where millions upon millions of Elm logs are gotten out every year on them, and where these trucks sell readily, while those of other makes remain aa at $5 to $10 Sy OST. of erecting, running and maintaining the lowest and results the highest of any dry kiln and drying system in the market. Green Elm, Ash, Whitewood, &c., for furniture dried in six days; only exhaust steam 10 hours per day used. NO CHECKING, WARPING OR CASE-HARDENING. — nt i For further particulars address HT J.D. McEACHREN, - - GALT, ONT. . STEARNS BROTHERS . A NA Ie CHAMHA' i | Patent Rossing Machine : Why you should use this Rosser..... It will do double the work of any other. It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark or block out. Itis a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. All iron and steel, very simple and durable, It war Bete knotty and uneven timber without wa It secipies about the same space as an ordinary laner. You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. THE CHATHAM GIANT LOG AND LUMBER TRUCK. oie ge coy See As seen above it is a Lumber Truck, but it is quickly converted into a Log > EASTMAN LUMBER GO. | irc roucen‘inem. ana are perforated for side or ing poles. We buil EASTMAN, QUE. these trucks in all sizes from 2% to 4 inch Malleable Giant Arms. Farmers all over are extensively adopting the lighter sizes as general purpose wagons. .IS NOT COMPLETE WITHOUT...... =. In reference to above trucks we would eall the attention of ily) | the reader to the following illustration of VANALLEN’S PATENT GIANT ARM with which they are equipped. It will be seen that the hind bolster and sand-board are formed to rest upon the flat top of this arm, and being securely elipped to the axles forms a complete and solid truss and render the axles unbreakable and inflexible. Our Malleable Giant Arm farm and teaming Wagons have no equals on this continent, of which the judges on vehicles at the World’s Fair, Chicago, gave us an unqualified certificate in the shape of aGOLD MEDAL AND DIPLOMA. FOR 4% CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. ace: HEAVY LOG TRUGKS ERICES We solicit a trial order this spring. Our goods are fully warranted. We guarantee _ satisfaction in every case. Further information cheerfully furnished. Address all e a a ] i a g O e y] inquiries and orders to BAIN BROS. MFG. CO., Ltd. - Brantford, Ont. Gr Aee AM, ON: ANY WIDTH TIRE es WRITE 16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TRANSMISSION. The transmission of power by ropes has been largely resorted to in England, the preference being given to what is known as the Lambeth cotton rope, which is made of four strands, the center or core of each strand being bunched and slightly twisted, the outside of the strand having a covering of yarns that are firmly twisted. The four strands are further laid with a core in the center to form a rope and twisted in the same way as any four-stranded tope. In this way a rope is formed pos- sessing extreme flexibility, and the fibers will not break by bending on each other when run on pulleys, the rope also stand- ing elongation or stretching some twelve inches in a length of fifty inches before breaking. Are You Lookine FOR A CHANCE IN LOCATION ? If you are not satisfied with your present site, or if you are not doing quite as well as you would like to, | why not consider the advantages of a location on the Illinois Central R. R. or the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley R. R.? These roads run through South Dakota, Min- nesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana, and possess FINE SITES FOR NEW MILLS BEST OF FREICHT FACILITIES CLOSE PROXIMITY TO COAL FIELDS ND DISTRIBUTING CENTERS INTELLIGENT HELP OF ALL KINDS MANY KINDS OF RAW MATERIAL For full information write to the undersigned for a copy of the pamphlet entitled ana towns WANTING INDUSTRIES This will give you the population, city and county debt, death rate, assessed valuation of property, tax rate, annual shipments, raw materials, industries de- sired, etc. To sound industries, which will bear investigation, substantial inducements will be given by many of the places on the lines of the Illinois Central R. R. which is the only road under one management running through from the North-Western States to the Gulf of Mexico. GEO. C. POWER Industrial Commissioner I.C.R.R. Co., 506 Central Station, Chicago. TO LUMBER MEN y E are in the market for one million feet of 4 x 4 scantling, and three million feet of 2 inch plank, asfollows: Plank to be good, common rz and 16 feet long, 20 per cent. of it 6 inches wide, 50 percent, 8 inches wide, and 30 percent. oand 12 inches wide. Scantling to be 4 x 4 and roto 16 feet long, coarse, com- mon, square-edged : all to be delivered between June and December, 1895. In quoting, state separate price for white and red pine, and quantity of each you wish to contract for—THE REID CO., OF TORONTO, Ltd. Head office, cor. King and Berk ley Streets. No contract will be made for less than 1ro9,000 feet. GCALGUTTS’ Boiler [mprovement A” person using a Steam Boiler can save 50 per cent. of their fuel and get 50 per cent. more power out of their boiler by having GALCUTT’S WATER-TUBE IMPROVEMENT attached. The expense is only a trifle compared to the saving derived. Send for Circular, Box 55, Peter- borough, Ont. Peterborough Steam “«_.. Boiler Company VAN, OP, Zea eeMELTEED NADIANOFR OFFicts, Vang mth Bani oe = COURTHOUSE & BRUG SHURE FITTINGS APRIL, 1895 Haines & Gompany | RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS LUMBER DEALERS EsTABLISHED 1861. Buffalo, N. Y. Office and Yards, foot of Erie St, Within 7 minutes’ walk of principal hotels and depots. BEST MAIN DRIVE. GUARANTEED. Sole Canadian Agents Meet Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. “TIMBER & LUMBER } x ROUGH & JX 3: o/ Kien Oy EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. K Wh The Montreal Gar Wheel GO. .. MANUFACTURERS OF .... Charcoal Iron Ghilted RAILROAD WHEELS OFFICES: NEW YORK LIFE INSURANGE BUILDING, MONTREAL Works: LAGHINE, QUEBEC We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re. quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. CORRESPONDENGE SOLICITED ANUFACTURERS OF TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES SHURLY & DIETRICH 3688 =—=GALT, OB SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET GREMIGRL PROCESS OF TENPERING. : : Our Silver Steel Saws a are -¢ Uneaualled ’ THE J.C.M’LAREN BELTING co MONTREAL Ss ied “< : - Sa THE CANADA LUMBERMAN s Our Specialty : =| PIKE POLES }- COMPLETE = JOHN ADAMSON 67 Bloor Street East, TORONTO. Write for prices H. RIXON W. STODARI J. W. MAITLAND——== J. G. AINSILE—== ee gs MAITLAND, RIXON & CO. OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock me oowctaiey oe LNG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, CEDAR AND HEMLOGK @uctations furnished on application ST SIXTEEN Every Lumberman wants it 45 cents buys it Soribners LUMDEF «« LOd Book SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto ra Y PRACTICAL INFORMATION BAND SAWS BREAK RBASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM GALT MAGHINE KNIFE WORK MACHINE KNIVES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting ——Send for Price List=— roe FlAY, GALT, ONT. Please mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before. been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. . with Advertisers.... ROBIN, SADLER & HAWORTH MANUFACTURERS OF OAK TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL AND TORONTO P. PAYETTE’S . . . PATENT FRICTIONAL Fee DOUBLE WITH aT [n four sizes FULL i MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill Sle eR o. vale “TLD & PERE MARUUETI IMPROYE- | Machinery Circular Saw Rigs, Light and Heavy Wood or Iron Frames. Rope and Chain Feed for Saw Car- riages. Live Rollers, Wood or Iron. Log Canters, Light and Heavy. Double Edgers, Friction and Direct MENTS Feed. Head Blocks, Light and Heavy. Mill Dogs. Saw Guides. Trimmer, Log and Carrier Chains. Set Works. Top Saws. Brass and Iron Fittings. Saw Swage for Circular, Gang or Band. Swing Saws. Trimmers. Butting Tables. Boilers and Boiler Fittings. Shafting, Boxing, Pulleys, Hangers. Paper Frictions, Wood and Iron. Brass and Iron Castings of all kinds. Machinery for Lath Mill. ‘© Shingle Mill. “ Gang Mill. ee “ Re-sawing. pS «« Jack-Ladder. SS Drag Saw. ‘© Engines, Stationary and Marine. ee «Pumps. me ‘© Making Matches. Cant Hook Handles. Terms and Prices on application. L_ P. Payette & Co. = Penetanguishene, Ont. RAILROAD FROM Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to OAGINAH AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MT. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, HMANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company's line of Steamships across Lake Michigan. The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all anadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. _This road traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions : a market for every product of Forest and Field. The policy of the “F,& P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. SAGINAW, MICA. GENERAL OFFICES: THE CANADA LUNMSH ERMA APRIL, 1895 LUMBER, HEMLOGK, WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE, GYPRESS, YELLOW POPLAR, RED OAK, WHITE OAK, SPRUGE, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, WASHINGTON SPRUGE AND FIR. @~ OFFICE: ROOM 23, SCHMERTZ BUILDING, 86 WATER STREET LA Er, HEMLOGK, SPRUGE, POPLAR, WHITE PINE, YELLOW PINE AND GYPRESS SHINGLES, HEMLOGK, GALIFORNIA REDWOOD, WHITE PINE, WHITE GEDAR, RED GEDAR and GYPRESS Gi oe PLAIN AND QUARTER-SAWED WHITE AND RED OAK AND YELLOW POPLAR A SPECIALTY. ~© PITTSBURGH, PA. Canada Atlantic Railway OTTAWA, ARNPRIOR AND PARRY SOUND RAILWAY OPERATING THE Ottawa and New York Lumber Line - Ottawa and Boston Lumber Line - Canada Atlantic Fast Freight Line (Operating over the Grand Trunk, Central Vermont, and Boston and Maine Railways.) ——: SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE : «2+ HROM’AND TO. ~~ OTTAW A ARN PRIOR TORONTO MONTREAL BUFFALO QUEBEC DETROIT HALIFPAS TONAWANDA PORTLAND AND ALL POINTS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. For through rates, information and list of lumber dealers, apply to any officer of these lines or connections, or to R. A. GARTER M.A. OVEREND Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade Ontario Agent, Board Trade IAN HAW EESBURY BURLINGTON BOSTON 4 MONTREAL TORONTO NEW YORE ALBANY, &C. CAPT. J. H. WILLIAMS CG. J. SMITH 15 Lumber District, Albany, N. Y. General Freight Agent, Ottawa. P. S.—The opening of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa to the Georgian Bay, offers to the manufacturer and purchaser a new district not heretofore reached by any other line. Ine XxX, SaW GUMMEP and Sharpener AAS NO RIVAL . Mm OR-FORs «i SIMPLICITY, DURABILITY, CHEAPNESS — Will take saws from 6 inches to 6 feet diameter ; sets the saw forward one tooth at a time automatically ; sharpens any saw (rip or crosscut) perfectly, giving the teeth any desired pitch or bevel, and making all the teeth exactly alike. Will sharpen 20 teeth in an ordinary saw mill in one minute, or 100 teeth in a shingle saw in four or five minutes. The cut shows outline of mill saw 54-inch diameter. GILMOUR & CO. Lumber Manufacturers and Dealers F, J. DRAKE, Belleville, Ont. : Dear Sir,—Your Patent Saw Sharpener is giving us good satisfaction. We average about 100,000 shingles per day, and sharpen the saws for both automatic and hand-feed machines with your Sharpener. As it keeps the teeth all perfectly uniform it must be easier on the ma- chine and sawyer too. It causes also a great saving in files. We now use only about one ten-inch file per week. Before putting in your machine we used about six per week. As re- gards your Improved ‘‘XXX” Shingle Packer—it works first-rate and is the only machine we could get that would press tight enough. We consider it the best we ever had. Yours truly, TRENTON, ONT., 26th August, 1891. GILMOUR & CO. MANUFACTURED ONLY BY I’. J; oe eae BELLEVILLE, Obs: FOR VARIETY, CAPACITY UR QUALITY OF WORK ase 3 a es Ah = APRIL, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FRONT - BACK « REAR View—it’s all the same—from LE ...every point the... Rigid. DesIOI S 7 in < a ) > 8 DT < MOAN MSS mM, Back View—-New Allis Band. ‘ iT AKEN FROM AcTU | ! i | FRomM Saws; IN ADJOINING Tyree CUTS | i} Mitts : ez 3 om uso: itt -t Heavy (Correspondence solicited. nae Proportion CEN Bim ~ SS SST SSSASSSSS SSX S ce ES Sst" “Sy Front View—New Allis Band. < s Only Band with upper wheel in center of shaft and column. ‘Only Band with both wheels hung inside of frame. Patent safety lower wheel removes all casting strain on wheel. $000000000000000000 /N EVERY POINT THE FAVORITE ‘ ! ! i ee |AL IMPRESSIONS | Place your orders early.—=—— Correspondence solicited. Cee WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. Saw Mill Machinery A-SPEGIALLY:. ESGABLISHED 1844. ate THE CANADA WUNBER OAM : APRIL, "1895 7 J. B. WALL, President. VINE CRANDALL, Vice-President. M. M. WALL, Treasurer. BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER CO. .» WHOLESALE DEALERS =IN@..- * HARDWOOD LUMBER * ARTIES manufacturing or having for sale Birch, Maple, 940 E.x StReEET —h - 2 Basswood, Soft or Rock Elm, White or Brown Se BUFFALO, N-Y. Ash, &c., should correspond with us, as we are always in Annual Sales, 25,000,000 Feet. We have our own Salesmen in New York and New England. the pent for such desirable stock. Emery Wheels, ~DONOGH & OLIVER C= Boe: Sa elegy Aniene Gaede ag Mac 0. The Tanite see -» WHOLESALE DEALERS IN ork, 5 MANUFACTURERS OF Cineinnat® ae nt Str ae ie be eens : ———_———————— PURE OAK - TANNED LA ES EA ee aE eh eee tyre ee) LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES Joe = Lumber, Lath & Shingles. TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. 128 Queen BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Conepandere g MONTREAL c., &e. Str CHGSRILE, e Co., ‘BRAGEBRIDGE, ONT. A.+ Ro+ WILLIAMS . Soho Machine: VWrorks;, “leno. 2... MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN SEER LLL LE LLL Saw Mill Machinery single Mill Machinery / Toop and Venger Mill Machinery hoo or Ss | ; ELECTRIC LIGHT PLANTS. ELEGTRIC MOTORS. ENGINES AND BOILERS OF ALL SIZES. SESS SSS Write for a Circular and Catalogue, mentioning this advertisement. STURTEVANT : DRY : KILN : PLANTS EXCEL ALL OTHERS IN EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY. SEND FOR SPECIAL STURTEVANT DRY KILN CATALOGUES. AR. WILLIAMS Soto Machine wots = TORONTO ¥ oF ' al At fs SPAS e en ee eS t ) ll |} Terms, $1.00 PER YEAR Seca 1. TORONTO, ONT., MAY, 1895 Se Siacle eovieio Cet IN USE BY mee. Leading Governments BEST ANTI-FRICTION METAL FOR High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, F lour-mill Boag et, WACHINE RY BEARINGS MAGNOLIA ME GROG Oe Eien rompen Wecaco’’ Denice, TRADERS” BUILDING & CO., AGENTS wi 4 Ci © ¥uI and st mcg N EW Y C RK £6 ” dae AUTOMATIC a ae Tie... INJECTOR. . will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. Should be in every Lumber Mill JET PUMPS... WATER GAGES BS OOO Engineers have OIL CUPS ’ used it, and de- ARE THE BEST CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. bok Fay ENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. WINDSOR, ONT. DETROIT, MICH. clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING SROTHDRS OLE ran alan os ‘¢ Reliance Works,’’ MONTREAL. | 990990900009 00HOO000000000000909 B +1 Ss c. C, CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND * What do you do ~ 2 © eel iaala J. L. Goodhue & GO. |g Fag enterstom aroun § | ° Why, Solder them, of course @ DUNDAS ye ONTARIO. a $ We supply a tough quality of silver solder > a es sietole 54 Iled thin for thi icuenices 2 Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING sees i g per 02. Troy. Bad, foce bs write us for prices. Have several we will ND So ‘dispose of at a bargain. + LACE LEATHER . P. W. ELLIS & CO. = TORONTO 8 | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. SDshaatgee sl 2 } Manutacwirine, Jewelers > . 111, Ou © $0059000040000400090050000000000 5 SAW 60.-25-TOFONO ———— MANUFACTURERS OF =—= Circular and Long Saws > SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY . AND. THE “BURNS” CROSS- CUT SAW aa The Strongest, Most Durable and Easily Adjusted Handle ever invented. PATENTED JUNE 26, 1893 9 ASK YOUR HARDWARE MERCAANT FOR IT Tes ns \ Es del ies A : ee THE S ANADA LUMBERMA IST May, 1895 de : THE NEW PRESGOTT B ano Mill QOOOHOOOS~ HE A WN AG eS WM. HAMILTON MFG. aan F- A \ | ee WZ ee SS Zz Se sa ———— TUNA 2 es 1 S| ee ee | Me = AKI WO WA \\\ \\ RK WS : WN NAY SON » Ss, H MMAMAg RA SS i R NAA HN FAN RAG \S S \ Hi) 4 Y QAK \\\ \\S \ \ Wy DOA . . \ NN WY WS Vy" 1 X hy Se id \ \ \ \ iui My = R mE it Sil Satin Till eres \ AY OQ m BW On | \ \ \ SN \ \\ BY ~ | SS v l Ws ~ \\ \\ \ SS 9777! i] INS U 0 1 ANY N | MIG/Z SS MQ AA \ 7 GET SS AY \ << We Le QA t Zz) a aA = z 7 ## Pe 2 WY ain ! SSS ee \ zi; \ aes = sae Cc. ae) i nu it SS if — w WA d Xx = f Fl i// SX i \ i Hy , | S WWE Branch CO ONT area smce al ver, B.C nee Attra ey ee ees es . THE CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVI. NuMBER 5. TORONTO, ONT., MAY, 1895 ) Terms, $1.00 Per YEAR \, Single Copies, 10 Cents. BRITISH COLUMBIA TIMBER WEALTH. fa thousands who have no particular interest in lumbering British Columbia has become famed for the size and beauty of its forest products. The illustra- tion that we give on this page is a familiar one to those who have made themselves acquainted with the natural resources of the province. Where to the traveller, and student of Canadian history, however, the giant cedars of the Pacific Coast are a thing of beauty and wonder- ment, at the same time, from a commercial point of view, they tell of a measure of wealth that finds tew parallels in any other part of the Dominion. The forest area of British Columbia is 285,000 square miles or 182,400,000 acres. This areais densely covered with some of the most valuable timbers that are known to the lumber world. The most prominent and valuable of these is Douglas fir, named after a noted botanist of that name. It is not local to any par- ticular section, but is distributed gener- ously throughout all parts of the coast. For many commercial purposes it fills a place, that bars out any competitor, be- cause of its immense length, strength and straightness. Some of these trees grow to a height of 300 feet, and have a base circumference of 50 feet. The best aver- ages, however, are 150 feet clear of limbs and 5 to 6feet in diameter. Professor Macoun classifies it as standing midway between the spruce and balsam, and ex- presses the view that it would make a valuable paper-making tree. In a day when much value is attached to spruce for paper-making, if Professor Macoun is correct in his diagnosis of its properties the time cannot be far distant when Douglas fir will also be sought after for this purpose. Both from the picturesque, as well as the commercial standpoint, the red cedar (Thuya Gigantae) follows closely after Douglas fir. This tree is likewise well distributed throughout the province, though it reaches its greatest size and majesty on the coast, where it quite out- girths any other tree. Asa general-pur- pose timber red cedar is the most valuable of the Pacific Coast woods. It grows to a height, sometimes, of 200 feet, and 20 feet in diameter. The settler on the coast finds it beside him when building his rude hut, whilst the resident who has reached the point where he has discarded the humble beginnings of his early struggles finds in red cedar a wood that gives beauty and finish to the finest mansion. For inside finish it takes a beautiful polish and is in popular demand for the interior finishing of residences, not alone at home, but to a wide extent, abroad. Just at the present time interest centers around this wood because of the hindrance that has been placed upon its export by the ruling of the United States custom authorities in placing it under the 25 per cent. duty list. It is expected, however, that this difficulty will be shortly overcome. A companion wood to red cedar is the yellow cedar, which is possessed of great durability and likewise grows to a great size. On the coast is tound a species of spruce, known as white spruce (Picea Sitchensis), which is found inter- spersing the forests where the other trees grow, and in swampy lands. In circumference it is almost the equal of Douglas fir, but does not grow to nearly the same height. It makes a beautiful lumber for doors, dressing, etc., and large quantities of it are used in making salmon boxes, fruit boxes, and to some extent, barrels. Other woods of the coast are hemlock, white pine, (though this is in no way to be ranked along with the white pine of Ontario), cotton wood, balsam, and crab apple, which grows in swainpy ground. The area covered by timber in British Columbia is not the most remarkable feature of the province. Its density is so great that as high as 500,000 feet have been taken off a single acre, and it is recorded that on one acre in the Comox district 508,000 ft. have been found. This, of course, is exceptional, but a fair average would run as high as 75,000 feet. With forest products in rich abundance, it 1s to be ex- pected that the saw mill industry would take rank as one of the most important of the province. At present there are upwards of 60 saw mills in British Columbia, with a daily capacity of over 3,000,000 feet. The whole cut of the province last year was 65,000,000 feet. PRIMEVAL FOREST GROW1H, BRITISH COLUMBIA—A GIANT CEDAR, Speculation is indulged in there, as in other lumber producing countries, as to the possible longevity of its timber resources. Mr. R. E. Gosnell estimates that there are over 100,000,000,000 feet of good timber in sight, and that the present saw mills running, fully employed and making an average output, would take between 150 and 200 years to exhaust the present supply. Another authority has figured down the possibility in this respect as low as 60 years. One thing we may be certain of, taking other countries as an example, that British Columbia will come to the end of its timber resources much earlier than they anticipate. It seems a difficult matter in all new lumbering districts, whilst the’ virgin timber exists in great abundance, to impress lumbermen with the fact that, as steady droppings wear away the hardest stone, so will continuous, and too often prodigal, cutting wear away the wood products of a country, as rich even in their resources as British Columbia. British Columbia will mse te its greatest importance as a lumber district after lumbermen have exhausted the province of Ontario and other provinces of the Dominion. Then they will flock to the coast, ana as has been re- marked, the men who possess large holdings of timber will find themselves quickly becoming millionaires. This pleasant experience has fallen to the lot of several in Ontario and Quebec, who years ago bought limits at practically a nominal price, and in later years disposed of them at a figure to represent a handsome margin. The lumbermen of British Columbia find a market for their products both at home and abroad. As the prov- ince itself has grown, and the adjacent northwest terri- tories and Manitoba, they have been able to cultivate a domestic trade of fair volume, and one that will grow as the country grows. Large quantities of timber are exported to Great Britain, Australia, South Africa, South America and other foreign points. This trade will re- ceive a great stimulus when the projected Nicaraguan Canal has been completed. Since the removal of the United States duty a fresh market has been found in California, and within the past four or five months. some considerable shipments have gone into that territory, and the trade is growing rapidly. It may be expected that in time it will be found profitable to send these pro- ducts a greater distance than simply the neighboring state of California. The red cedar shingle industry has reached large proportions on the coast, and these shingles are well known, not only in their native province, but throughout Ontario, and to some extent they have been placed in different parts of the United States. Just at present this industry 1s in somewhat a depressed condition, suffering from that bane that comes to every busi- ness that seems to show great possibilities —over production. Mr. J. R. Anderson, provincial statisti- cian, is authority for the statement that the total extent of lumber leases in British Columbia is 524,573 acres and the princi- pal owners or lessees are as follows « Acres, British Columbia Mills, Timber and Trad- : Gee COVE VAS srs ore tice c)~ aeainte sralarere 87,433 Toronto and British Columbia Co....... 60,982 McLaren-Ross I.umber Co...........-- 51,190 Vancouver Saw Mill Co...........-..--- 36, 306 Brunette Saw Mill Co....... ........--- 22,331 Victoria Lumber and Manufacturing Co.. 18,537 PU AMCNEW A ELASIEMM st cieis-c e's cisi-:-ecole «aversielels 17,934 Leases of surveyed, unpre-empted crown lands may be obtained for a period not exceeding 21 years by those tendering the strongest cash bonus subject to the pay- ment of an annual rental of 1oc. per acre and a royalty of 50c. per thousand feet on the scale measurement of the logs. The lessee, though not actually engaged in the manufacture of lumber, must, to retain his limits, erect a mill capable of cutting at least 1,000 feet a day for over 400 acres of land included in the lease, within two years, and give a guarantee equivalent to loc. an acre that he will do so before obtaining his lease. A timber license may be granted for 1,000 acres for four years on payment of $10 annualy and I5c. for each tree (except hemlock), and no person not licensed may cut timber on crown lands except for farming and mining purposes. Only one license at one time is obtainable and is not transferable. A special license for 1,000 acres for one year may be obtained by application in the Official Gazette and the payment of $50 to the chiet commissioner of lands and works. Neen el The Upper Ottawa Improvement Co. has commenced its operations for the season, when the first gang of men went to work on the booms and saw logs left from last fall in Thompson’s Bay. The start this year is about two weeks later than last season, on account of the river not being clear of ice. There will be no rafts of square timber down for some months, as all of last year’s timber passed down to Quebec before the winter closed in. 4 THE CANADA LUMBEBMAN TRANSMISSION OF POWER BY BELTS.“ By Geo. FowLer. VENTURE to say that there are few appliances so much abused and neglected as the one under consideration, namely, the old and tried friend of all shops and factories, the belt, We find it stretched out of all resemblance to its former self, We see it laced in a slipshod manner with perhaps half the lace holes torn out, giving opportunity for the belt to catch against the fingers of the shifter and finally tear out and come down on somebody’s head. When we go intoa shop or factory and see the belts in the condition described, we are pretty sure to find a shop where the time of attending to the shafting, hot bearings and attendant ills would make a big item in the accounts if it was counted on the list of running expenses. But this kind of a shop never keeps much account anyway, and guesses at the charges to be made for work, with the result of losing money. It 1s not idle capital to have belts running slack and doing less work than they might possibly be made to do, for it is much better to have the capital invested in this way than to have delays, cut boxes, and the annoyance that follows in the wake of all unsatisfactory machinery and parts in the whole establishment. It is a pleasure to see a nicely running belt, to go into an engine room and see the great driving belt that is running the whole of a great plant and doing it without ap- parent effort, the belt running so loose as to give a sag to the upper half, and the lower half running straight as a line. This is a sure sign that the journals are running cool and everything is going along nicely. I do not wish it understood that everything in this paper is original with me; on the contrary, some of it is borrowed from the best engineering practice in the country. J have been very generously assisted by the several belt manufacturing companies, who gave me good hints on the use of belting. I have also studied such works as Morin’s, Cooper’s, Nicholson’s, Thurs- ton’s, and out of these I have taken and adopted several valuable rules and formula. There are few engineers who have not been frequently in want of information or readily applicable formulze, upon which they could place reliance, giving the power which, under given conditions and velocity, is transmitted by belts without un- usual strain or wear, therefore I believe it is well to study the experiments which are given in the works of the different authors, and acknowledge and adopt formula therefrom, and apply it to daily use. But in doing so we must be careful, be- cause, notwithstanding the existence of this mathematical and experimental information, the numerous tables that have been given by mechanical engineers appear to have had only that kind of a basis which has come from guessing that an engine, or a machine, either the driving or the driven, with a belt of given width, was producing or requiring some quantity of power which might be expressed in foot-pounds generally without any stated arc of pulley contact. For instance, one writer says that a single leather belt one inch wide, running 1000 feet per minute, will transmit .76 horse power ; another asserts .93 horse power; another claims one horse power ; another makes out 1.33, and still another figures it out to be 134, and so on, thus producing conflicting testimony. . The rule which I have acknowledged and adopted may be thus expressed: An ordinary single leather belt one inch wide, with a velocity of 600 feet per minute, will transmit one horse power. After an examination of different text books, I find that General Morin’s data gives us the clue to the truth of this rule, and also that it is supported by other good authority. Morin says: ‘‘ Belts which are designed for continuous service may be made to bear a tension of .551 lbs. per .00155 square inches of section, which enables us to determine the breadth according to the thickness.” This is equal to 355 lbs. per square inch of belt leather, and is also equal to about one- tenth of the breaking strength of the same as given by Mr. Rankine and other good authorities. Cooper in his works says if we substitute 330 Ibs. for 355 lbs. per square inch, we strike the component part of a horse-power and deduce the following : one square inch of belt leather at a velocity of 100 feet per minute will transmit one horse power with safety, and from these data get the rule: The denomination of the frac- tion which expresses the thickness of the belt in inches, gives the velocity in hundreds of feet per minute at which each inch of width will transmit one horse-power ; and as the ordinary thickness of a single leather belt “is generally about Y of an inch, we simply multiply the denominator of this fraction by 100 and get the 600 feet at which a single strap one inch wide should run to transmit one horse power. No rules can be given that will apply to all cases—circum- stances and conditions must and will modify them. Belts, for instance, for machines which are frequently stopped and started, and shifting belts, must be wider to stand the wear and tear *Paper read before Toronto No. x, Canadian Association of Stationary Engineers, February 8th, 1895. : and to overcome the starting friction, than belts which run steadily and continuously. The breaking strength per inch width of belts when made from good ox hide, well tanned, has been determined as follows : In the solid leather........--..+-++> 675 lbs At the rivet holes of splices....... weg02 aks At the lace holes........----++++ 7a fe) gi Engineers are often required by their employers to put up new shafting, pulleys and belts for the purpose of doing an ad- ditional amount of work which may be stated in horse power, and the matter of proper dimension of same, such as size of shaft, diameter and speed of pulley, width of belt, etc., are left to the judgment of the engineer. I have no doubt that a majority of the members of this association are perfectly com- petent to oversee such work, but to those whose practice along this line has not been very extended, and who may be called upon at any time to take such matters in hand, I offer the following information, which is taken from standard works and may be relied on for everyday use : The safe working tension is assumed to be 55 lbs. per inch of width, which is equal toa velocity of about 50 square feet per minute per horse power, which is safe practice. Now let C = circumference in inches of pulley, D = diameter in mches of pulley, R = revolutions per minute, W = width of belt in inches, H = horse power that can be transmitted by belt. Then, to find the horse power that a single belt can transmit, the size and speed of pulley and width being given, the formula would be: Cx Wan ,CxRxW as 14x50 = Pr ase or we may still further simplify the process by substituting D for C and divide the constant 7200 by 3.1416, which is the proportion of circumference to diameter. The formula would DxRxW _ 2300, then be H. The transmitting efficiency of double belts of average thick- ness is to that of single belts as 10 is to 7, therefore for double DxRxW ea aed eS 1575 The horse power to be transmitted, and the size and speed of the pulley being given, to find the width of belt required : belts the formula would be 2 Hx 2300 For single belts——S TR =W. For double hig = DxR The horse power, speed of pulley, and width of belt being given, to find the diameter of pulley required : H x 2300 __ ew For double Beis S575. —p, RxW For single belts— The horse power, diameter of pulley, and width of belt being given, to find the number of revolutions required : For single belts— HI 2500 DxW For bouble belts— Hx pit ee R. DxW In the rules I have assumed that the belts are open, the pulleys of equal diameters, and the arc of contact is the semi- circumference. If, however, the pulleys are of different diame- ters and the arc of contact is less than the semi-circumference, the rules must be modified accordingly. The width of a belt required for any work depends on three conditions: Ist, the tension of the belt; 2nd, the size of the smaller pulley and the proportion of the surface touched by the belt; 3rd, the speed of the belt. The average strain under which leather will break has been found by many experiments to be 33,200 Ibs. per square inch of cross section. In use on pulleys, belts should not be subjected to a greater strain than one-tenth their tensile strength, or about 330 lbs. to the square inch of cross section. This will be 55 lbs. average strain for every inch in width of single belt % of an inch thick. The strain allowed for all widths of belting (single or double) is in direct proportion to the thickness of the belt. This is the safe limit, for ifa greater strain is attempted the belt is likely to be overworked, in which case the result will be an undue amount of stretching, tearing out at the lace holes, and damage to the joints. The working adhesion of a belt to the pulley will be in propor- tion both to the number of square inches of belt contact with the surface of the smaller pulley, and also to the arc of the cir- cumference of the pulley touched by the belt. This adhesion forms the basis of all right calculation in ascertaining the width of belt necessary to transmit a given horse power. A single a: belt % of an inch thick, subjected to the strain which I have given as a safe rule (55 Ibs. per inch in width) when touching. ¥% of the circumference of the pulley, will adhere % Ib. per square inch of the surface contact ; or if the belt touches 4% | the circumference of the pulley, the adhesion will be 4 Ib. per square inch of contact, and so on. Mr, Evan Leigh, C.E., of Manchester, Eng., gives the fol- lowing rule for finding the horse power that any given width of double belt is capable of driving: Multiply the number of square inches of belt contact on the smaller pulley by one-half the velocity of the belt in feet per minute and divide the pro- duct by 33,000, and the quotient will be the horse power. Mr. Leigh also gives a rule for finding the proper width of double belt for any given horse power: Multiply 33,000 by the horse power required and divide the product, first by the length of contact in inches on the smaller pulley, and again by one-half the speed of the belt, the quotient will be proper width of belt. ; Now, if these rules (which the author devised some 20 years ago) can be compared with the single straps as at present used in mills, it will be found that they considerably overshoot the mark ; yet single belts, being so much weaker and more liable to stretch than double ones, ought to have less strain upon them. The secret of wide double driving belts running so mysteriously long without attention will at once be seen, when it is considered that single belts are generally made to do two or three times more than they ought to do for their width and speed. For existing establishments where it is not convenient to alter the speed of shafting or size of drums, in driving machines with single straps, the following rule will come nearer to actual practice: Multiply 33,000 by the horse power required and divide the product, first by the length in inches covered by the belt on the smaller pulley, and again divide by the speed of the belt in feet per minute; the last quotient will be the proper width for a single belt. ‘ : This, and more than this, is what single belts are made to do when driving machinery. Comparatively, then, the strong double belts, working as per first rule, have exceedingly light work, which can be done with great ease while running ina slack state. Hence their durability, and the nearer a user of belts can approach the rule given for double belts, the longer his straps will last. , : To determine the strength and size of a belt, find first the amount of labor to be performed by it. This labor is its tension with velocity. If a belt passes over a 3 foot pulley which makes 100 revolutions per minute, its velocity will be: 100 x 3x 3.1416=942.48 revolutions per minute. Now, if this belt is to transmit 2 horse power, its tension on the pulling side will be: = 3 = 942.48 5 one side of the belt is slack; if this is not the case (which in the average of practical instances may be depended on), the tension on the following side of the belt is subtracted from the above. We here see of how much more service the horizontal belt is than the vertical one, for it increases the tension by its own weight and also by the arc of contact. In most of these cases we may neglect the width of the pulley in the calcula- tions of friction ; for the strength of the belt, if sufficient to stand the tension, makes the belt wide enough for adhesion. In all cases it is advisable to make the belt sufficiently wide. No — other loss arises from too wide a belt than that of first cost. If a belt is too narrow or the arc of contact too short, the tension must be increased in order to afford sufficient adhesion to the pulleys. Short belts are very disadvantageous and so are vertical ones ; they always require more tension than either long or horizontal ones. Those which are too narrow will stretch, in_ consequence of which tension and adhesion are diminished. 70 lbs. In this case it is assumed that The adhesion of leather upon smooth surfaces is greater than upon rough surfaces, and for this reason pulleys ought to be made perfectly sound and smooth. Frequently we see the - surface of pulleys convex in order to prevent the running off of | the belt, but this convexity must be very small, or it will diminish the adhesion. It is of great importance that a belt should be of such a length that it will adhere to the pulley enough to prevent it — from slipping without the necessity of putting on the belt so_ tight as to wear the bearings. Every belt, to run easy and well, should be so slack when running that the slack side — should run with a wavy, undulating motion, without any tension except on the working side ; and when belts will so 4 run without slipping on the pulleys, they wear for a great length of time, for although a belt may be heavily loaded, yet if at every revolution it can have an opportunity for relief from its tension so as to contract back to its natural texture, it will prevent it from breaking by the stress upon it. Butif it be kept constantly strained to its greatest extent on both sides of the pulleys it will wear but a short time and will soon be destroyed. yee ver 6% ¢ ‘and circulation. ‘points which the manufac- ‘ ‘ is ; May, 1895 McEACHREN’S PATENT DRY XILN. HE accompanying illustration (Fig. 1) represents a double room progressive dry kiln as manufactured * by the McEachren Heating and Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont., driven by independent engine. These kilns can be made of any length and any number of rooms from one to ten. The manufacturers claim that they differ from other kilns in use in the following particulars : 1. They will do from 50 to 100 per cent. more drying with a given amount of heating surface and a corres- ponding amount of steam. 2. They handle about three times the amount of air handled by any other dry kiln and with about 25 per cent. of the power used by other blast kilns. 3. The air is not only blown through the lumber, but drawn through. There being as much exhaustive product at one end of the kiln as forcing power at the other, the air is worked THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 best, as with it any desired amount of circulation can be given, and if it is required to run the kiln at night the engine and shafting of the factory do not have to be in Operation. These kilns are claimed to be particularly adapted to the use of exhaust steam, and cause no back pressure. Exhaust steam may be used in the whole or any part of the heater, and the balance heated with live steam and charged at will. They are further claimed to be abso- lutely safe from fire. The company also manufacture apparatus for drying wool, cotton, yarn, cloth, hair, fruit, etc., and for heating and ventilating factories and public buildings. They state that they will gladly send to persons interested Canadian and American testimonials in proof of the efficiency of their apparatus. like a continuous belt. 4. The moisture from the lumber is held in the circulating air until the thickest lumber in the kiln is heated through to the centre ; then moisture is taken off gradually .as it Hampshire, or those which grew not far from the Maine seaboard, would be very apt to place a small value on the white spruce forests of the Upper St. John, and would almost be sure to underestimate the timber grow- ing within their limits. The wood of the white spruce is white and soft and freer from resin than that of the black spruce, on which account it would probably be better adapted for the manufacture of pulp than that of the latter. In fact, parties who for a long time have been using this wood for that purpose on the shores of the St. Lawrence state tha! such is the fact. The spruce deals exported from the Bay of Chaleur, as well as in New Brunswick, as in Quebec, are nearly all manufactured from the wood of this tree. The black spruce (abies nigra michaux) as an article of export is the most valuable of all the trees of New Brunswick. Its leaves are about half an inch long, stiff, somewhat four sided, very dark green or whitish gray. Its cones, which are from one to one and a half inches long, have a color changing from dark purple to dull evaporates fiom the centre of every piece of lumber in the kiln. This process, it 1s claimed, completely secures against checking, warping, etc. The air being driven through the centre of lumber piles with great rapidity, the moisture is taken away as soon as it evaporates from the timber, thus preventing all danger from discoloration. 5. Green lumber may be put into the kiln and dry taken out every day, the same hot air being kept in cir- culation, and yet the moisture coming from the green lumber at one end of the kiln does not come in contact with the dry at the other end. 6. The great rapidity with which these kilns dry lum- ber enables the lumberman to season a given quantity per day, thus effecting a saving of about fifty per cent. in space as compared with some other kinds of kilns. To secure even drying of lumber the air must circulate with equal freedom around all parts of every pile of lum- ber in the kiln, and in case of weather seasoned lumber the circulating air should be kept from the ends as much as possible. These are al- ready too dry to correspond with the centre, and being weather beaten and checked, will season faster than the centre with the same heat These are turers claim to have carefully guarded in the kilns under Fic. 1—PROGRESSIVE Dry KILN. THE SPRUCE FORESTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK. HERE are two if not three kinds of spruce to be found in New Brunswick, writes Edward Jack, of Fredericton, in the Northeastern Lumberman. These are the white, black, and possibly red varieties. Whether the last of these is really a distinct species is yet undetermined. The white spruce (abies alba michaux) is larger and more slender than the black spruce, from which it is distinguished by the lighter color of its bark and leaves. Its cones, which are two inches long, are deciduous, the leaves being needle shaped and sharp pointed. On the Restigouche, upper St. John, and many other places it grows to a great height with but little taper. In 1873 Mr. J. A. McCal- lum, crown land surveyor, cut down one of these trees on the Restigouche, the diameter of which was 25 feet reddish brown. The bark of the tree is dark brown. The vast forests of this tree, which once covered New Bruns- wick, Fave been reduced by the effects of wind, fire and cutting to less than a quarter of their original extent. This tree was found in greatest abundance in the southern part of New Brunswick. A line drawn from a point a short distance north off the head of the eastern grand lake on the St. Croix, extending thence north- easterly to the dividing ridge between the Southwest Miramichi and Nepisiguit rivers, would show nearly the boundary of the great black spruce forests of New Brunswick. South of this line vast forests of it ex- tended from the St. Croix northeasterly, crossing the Nashwaak and Southwest Miramichi rivers, thence to the Northwest Miramichi. North of this line the forest growth is more generally of hard woods, which are largely mingled with firs. Such spruce as occur north of this line are usually of the consideration. It will be observed from the cut that a new system of sliding doors is employed. These are easily handled, and occupy no room above the kiln. They close, and when shut are screwed to- gether by a simple device so that they are absolutely tight. Fig. 2 illustrates a cabinet-maker’s kiln. In this it _ will be observed any car inthe kiln can be taken out and another put in without disturbing other cars, a feature particularly valuable to cabinet-makers, carpenters, car- riage makers, manufacturers of musical instruments, etc., as in all these departments of manufacture a large variety of thicknesses are used, aud some kinds of lum- ber require much more time in seasoning than others. The fan in this case is driven from the shafting of the factory, the power in some cases being transmitted by wire or rope cable, but the independent engine is the white variety; to this rule there are ceitain exceptions in the valleys of the Medux- nakik, Becaguimec, Pres- quisle, and lower Tobique, part of the Aroostook and certain other branches of the St. John below the Grand Falls. Above the Grand Falls the spruce usually met with is of the white variety, although there areexceptions even there, such as on the head of the Alleguash and certain other streams in the = = = —= Fic, 2—CABINET MAKER’s KILN. at the stump, and which made a log 64 feet long, meas- uring ro inches in diameter at the top end. They are found growing in valleys, on the shores — of rivers and streams and in small bunches on the sides of hills and mountains. The yield of white spruce land will not compare with that of black spruce tand, as the former tree is much more scattering in its growth than the latter. This very important distinction is one which is unknown to many land owners. The late Mr. McCrillis of Bangor did not know it until a few years before his death. The timber explorer who had been accustomed to the splendid forests of black spruce which once covered parts of New State of Maine and on the northwest and certain other branches of the St. John which take their rise in the Province of Quebec. In laying out the holes in a belt for the lacing, do not get them too near together, for while this practice makes the finished lacing stronger, it makes the belt weaker on account of the large amount of material cut away in making the holes. When setting a boiler, pieces of common steam pipe, say about one inch in-diameter, should be built into the outside walls in such a way that they will allow the air in the space between the two walls to escape when the heat expands it, and also allows it to enter this space when the boiler cools off. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH See Cc. H. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One: Copy One: Year, in advance... 2.0.5 oaee ssn oshccoreneeteeen $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ..............c.cccceeeccece 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tuer CANADA LUMBERMAN is published in the inter_=ts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Domini ., being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the cuumerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations, Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetri “Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CaNADA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘WaNnTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- wuents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in if, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. CANADA’S TIMBER RESOURCES. THE reference to Canada asa wooden country has not been without foundation. Our riches in this respect have been great. The pity is that we have not in the past valued these, as to-day we see they deserve to be valued. In a monograph on the “Forest Wealth of Canada,” Mr. Geo. Johnson, statistician for the Do- minion Government, tells us that commercially lumber- ing holds one of the first positions in Canada. In the various industries depending for their existence upon the supply of wood there is an invested capital that reaches closely to $100,000,000, carrying with it an annual expenditure for wages of $30,000,000, with an output valued close upon $110,000,000. A number of the more important industries of the country depend for their raw material on the wood supply. Elsewhere we have commented on the possible consumption of wood for railway ties, a feature of strength to the lumber business this season being the amount of lumber that will be consumed in car building. Ship building, though less than in the past, yet consumes large quanti- ties of timber, whilst the tanning and pulp industries are among its largest customers. With all the ingenuity of the present age, and the invention of substitutes for many of nature’s supplies, it does not seem likely that a substitute will be found for wood in any of its more im- portant directions. The forests of Canada must ever rank among her greatest heritage, for, as Mr. Atkinson, the well- known economist has said: ‘The nations or states in which food, fuel, metal and timber may be produced at the highest relative rates of wages and at the least money-cost per unite of product will thereby be enabled to apply labor-saving machines to other branches of pro- ductive industry im the most effective manner.” The importance, therefore, of preserving and maintaining our forests js plain. The ownership of Canadian forests is mainly vested in the provincial governments, except in certain parts of Manitoba, the territories, and the railway belt of British Columbia, where the Dominion Government owns the crown lands and attends to their administration. In Nova Scotia there is no system of timber license, nor yet in Prince Edward Island, the trees being sold with the land, and to-day, are largely out of the hands of the crown and in possession of private parties. There was originally in eastern Canada one unbroken forest from Nova Scotia to the Lake of the Woods, a distance of 2,000 miles and covering an area of 315 million acres, but these were in the days before the en- terprising lumbermen had learned to make the heavy cuts each winter as is the casein the present day. Large proportions of the original forest has suffered from the fire element to an extent that is lamentable. As an exporter of forest products, Canada holds the fourth place among the nations of the world. She is ex- ceeded only by Sweden and Norway, with a net export of $37,135,000, by Austria, with a net export of $31,000,- ooo, and by Russia with $33,300,000. Ona per head basis Canada stands second, her net export in 1891 hav- ing been $24,564,869, equal to $5.08 per head against Sweden and Norway’s $5.50, Austria’s 75c and Russia’s 34c per head. THE CANADIAN MANUFACTURER HANDICAPPED. IN conversation a short time since with a prominent lumber manufacturer of British Columbia, the informa- tion was gleaned that to no inconsiderable extent the ma- chinery in the saw mills and wood-working establish- ments of the Coast is obtained from the United States. Knowing that the manufacture of this class of machinery in Canada has been developed to a high degree, and that the best in almost everything required for the equipment of saw mills or planing mills could be obtain- ed from the home manufacturer, we were led to make an enquiry as to the causes of these conditions. First, desiring to learn to what extent the practice prevailed, we placed ourselves in communication with a prominent manufacturer of wood-working machinery. So far as British Columbia was concerned, with excel- lent means for knowing the real position, the view was expressed that perhaps 25 per cent. of the machinery that came into that Province was of American manufac- ture. As good machinery, it is claimed, could be ob- tained at home, but mill men have their whims, and likes and dislikes, as other people, and this was consid- ered to furnish, at least, a partial explanation for trade going abroad. It has often been said that there is no sentiment in busi- ness, and when it is a matter of buying in the cheapest market it is useless to talk patriotism to a business man. But all other things being equal, it does seem that Canadian manufacturers might, with good effect, appeal to the patriotism of those within their own country who buy machinery; and when as good a piece of work can be obtained from the home manufac- turer for the same price, there ought to be no question as to how the choice should go. It is poor busi- ness policy for Canadians who are looking for trade within their own country to discourage the cultivation of this trade by going outside of the country themselves for their supplies, when there is no business reason for doing so. It was natural to seek for other causes of the trouble than those which have been here stated and combated, for, as another manufacturer said, the same condi- tion of affairs that exists in British Columbia finds a counterpart, to quite a large extent, in Ontario and Quebec. One reason of this arises from the fact, it is believed, that the timber limits of Canada are falling into the hands of Americans more largely each year, and these parties are accustomed to machinery manufac- tured in their own country. This feature of the lumber business was discussed at some length in these pages rather more than a year ago, when a valued correspon- dent pointed out that the changes in the ownership of limits in Ontario would not end with large quantities of logs being towed across the border to be cut in United States saw mills, but that this practice would in a short time be felt by manufacturers of machinery. And it would appear that this prophecy was coming true. Of course, there is another side to the question, especially since the removal of the duty on lumber, viz : that American owners of limits are building saw mills in Canada, and as the Commissioner of Crown Lands May, 1895 points out in his current report, as a result of this policy over 100,000,000 ft. of logs, which, had the duty remain- ed on lumber, would have been exported in the round to the United States, will this year be sawn in Ontario, and largely in such mills as that of the St. Anthony Lumber Co. and otheis, erected, or in course of erection, by United States lumbermen. These conditions, however, are only of an inciden- tal character. We believe, even in the case of manu- facturers, who have been accustomed to using a par- ticular class of machinery, that they would just as readily buy the outfit for their mills, in the coun- try where they are building these mills if they could se- — cure what they want and on as favorable conditions. Here the greater difficulty shows itself. Within the past few years a very great reduction in the cost of the raw material used in the manufacture of machinery has taken place in the States, making the present rate of duty on machinery practically less than the duty on the raw material. For instance, pig iron at present is de- livered on cars in the States at from $6.50 to $7 a ton ; the duty on this is $4.48. Let this pig iron be put into the simplest form of castings and it comes into the coun- try on a duty of say from 20 to 30 per cent., as it varies some. This means that the duty on $4.48 a ton, on, say $7, amounts to about 60 per cent., or double, and in some cases more than double, the duty on the manufac- tured article. The same with bar iron and steel ; it is bought in the States on less than $1 per hundred, and the duty coming into Canada is 50c a hundred. This comes in on the finished machines at 25 to 30 per cent. duty. A still greater discrepancy exists among other classes of material. This, of course, is caused by the very great reduction of the raw material, the specific duty being retained makes it a very heavy ad valorem duty. When applied by the government the specific duty then might have been considered a reasonable tariff, not ex- cessive, but it will be readily seen at the present time that it operates seriously against the user of the ma- terial. The case affords an illustration of the ne- cessity of existing circumstances being taken into ac- count in the fixing of tariffs. It may be argued that it is impossible to arrange any tariff that would be mov- able with the changing conditions of the market. This is to be remarked then, that when this cannot be done it becomes a question what useful purpose a tariff fills, for, as in the present case, it really handicaps trade, where it had been intended it should be a protection and a help. A protective tariff that does not protect is surely an anomaly. AUSTRALIAN TIMBER IN ENGLAND. FOLLOWING up various efforts that have been made by the people of Australia to secure an enlarged market for their timber in Great Britain, Mr. Gaven Scott, repre- sentative ofa large firm at Sydney, visited England about a year ago. He has now returned home and has been telling of the result of his business efforts. He spent considerable time in interviewing the principal railway companies, corporations, ship builders, dock companies and leading civil engineers and architects in England, Scotland and various parts of the continent. Particular attention was given to those hardwoods of Australia, that are believed to possess special qualities of durability that are not found in any other wood. These, it is claimed, are serviceable for railway sleepers, ship building, and wherever the timbers are put to severe tests of weather or water. In Great Britain hitherto the Baltic deals have been used to a consider- able extent for railway sleepers, being preserved by creosote. Mr. Scott has returned home apparently very confident that for railway and marine work the Austral- ian hardwoods will quickly take precedence over all other woods. Illustrating the consumption of such woods by the railway companies it may be said that the Great Western Railway carry regularly in stock £100,000 worth of sleepers. The timbers specially recom- mended for export to the United Kingdom are iron bark, black butt, tallow wood, turpentine, red gum and mahogany. Wherever wood blocks are used for street paving those from Australian woods are considered the best. In New South Wales black butt is largely used for street paving purposes, and 1s said to wear at the rate of only one twenty-sixth of an inch per annum, — > ee) i? ee or m 4 May, 1895 where the wear of soft wood under similar conditions is half an inch per annum. The Saw Miller’s Association, of Melbourne, recently waited on the Victorian minister of lands to ask him to take certain steps calculated to aid in the development of export of wood blocks for street paving and the suggestion was made that blocks that had been down for a number of years in the streets of Melbourne should be taken up and sent to Europe and America as samples of the durability of this kind of paving. One great difficulty that will meet the Austral- ians in the development of timber trade with Great Britain, wherever there is competition with America, will be the freight. Mr. Scott admits that it will hardly be possible to compete in freight to England with Amer- ica. On another page we publish an article giving interesting particulars of the nature of Australian hard- woods. Ne ee WOOD PAVEMENTS. WHERE wood paving is growing into large disfavor in Canadian cities the opposite is the case in many parts of Great Britain and on the continent. The methods adopted there in placing the blocks are no doubt of a more careful and scientific character, but the experiments that have been made with wood paving are from almost every standpoint of a satisfactory char- acter. In Berlin investigations have been going on for a period of fifteen years to discover, if possible, the best paving wood for the most frequented streets, and espe- cially those subject to a heavy teaming traffic. Granite blocks and asphalt have both been tried in these cases. Recent reports state that the authorities of Berlin, after these very thorough methods of investigation, have con- cluded to maintain the wood paving where there are horse car lines, and have already paved with wood 66,600 square metres, using 3,460,000 blocks, or 52 blocks to the square metre. These tests cover 42 streets, squares and bridges, and of the woods used 23,000 square metres were paved with German pine, 15,000 with Swedish pine, 14,700 with beech, 1,000 with American yellow pine, and 3,200 with American cypress. In Paris wood paving has been given the preference over asphalt for the boulevards and pleasure drives, and is also preferred on the streets subject to great waggon traffic. The greater part of the wood used for pav'ng in Paris is spruce from the department of Landes. Some foreign woods have been used, including Jarrah and Karri from Australia. Commenting on these investigations Hardwood remarks: “The great enemy of wood pave- ments is the combination of owners of the great asphalt- um beds in Trinidad and elsewhere, who have used every possible means to discredit the use of wood, for the purpose of advancing their own interests. The European authorities have submitted these questions to thoroughly educated and practical. engineers, who, after tests covering a decade of years or more, have de- cided what is best. Their example might well be fol- lowed by the authorities of American cities (what of Canada ?), where at present boodle seems to be the only test.” City Engineer Keating, in a report presented to the Toronto Board of Works a few days since, has this to say of cedar blocks, in a municipality where the pre- judice against this method of paving is strong: “I am aware that there is considerable opposition to cedar block pavements, on the ground that in a few years they ‘become rough and uneven, but it cannot be denied that the existing cedar block pavements have done good ser- vice in their day, and that they are the cheapest class of pavement which can be laid in this city at present. If their assessment lifetime is limited to five years on gravel or boards and eight years on concrete, and the surface could be entirely renewed at the expiration of these periods, this class of pavement would probably be more popular with the public than it is to-day.” ——— EDITORIAL NOTES. LUMBERMEN of the Maritime Provinces are experi- encing some trouble, owing to the rapid rising of a num- ber of the streams, and also from ice jams that have taken place in some of the rivers. At Marysville, the home of Alex. Gibson, the water a few days since rose a foot and a half within an hour atter the ice started, and the saw mill had to close down consequently. At Be- deque, P. E. I., the heavy freshets produced serious trouble. Bridges and mill dams were washed away in short time. It is not anticipated, however, that the trouble will be at all general or continuous. THE litigation that has been pending effecting the validity of the charter of the Ontario and Western Lum- ber Co., of Rat Portage, Ont., has found an ending in the Dominion Government announcing that the fiat that had been issued against the company had been withdrawn. This is considered tantamount to a decision that the charter has been sustained and the proceedings to annul the company’s charter will not now be enter- tained. Large financial interests were at stake in the litigation, and it was feared that if the charter was annulled that it would open up questions far reaching and most serious in their results. For the sake of the lum- ber industries of this section of the province, the present news will be welcomed. ONE of the leading hardwood points is Grand Rapids, Mich. Located there are a number of the best equipped and most extensive furniture factories of the States. Where at Saginaw, Bay City, and other points in this state industries for the manufacture of pine flourish, Grand Rapids gives its special attention to hardwoods. All indications point to a busy season this spring and summer. Never before, we are told, was so much hard- wood lumber cut as last winter, and a prominent lumber dealer states that 350,000,000 feet would be cut in Grand Rapids before September next. The Grand Rapids Chair Co. has banked 2,500,000 feet ; The Grand Rapids Barrel Co., 7,000,000 feet ; The Veneer Co., 5,000,000 ; Harrison Waggon Works, 2,000,000; Widdicomb Furni- ture Co., 5,000,000, and other firms have hardwood lumber banked to swell the sum to over 25,000,000 feet. The situation finds a measurable parallel at many other points, emphasizing what we have said in these columns before, that the hardwood trades will, more and more in the future, assume improved and larger conditions. Considering that there yet remains a considerable quan- tity of hardwoods in Canada, and especially in different points in Ontario, lumbermen here are interested in this growth of the hardwood industry. CERTAIN privileges granted by the Ontario Govern- ment at the recent session of the Local Legislature to Edward V. Douglas, of Philadelphia, and Francis H. Clergue, of Bangor, Me., is an indication of the impor- tance that is attached to the pulp industry of the pro- vince. These parties represent a syndicate, who have secured control of the large water power at Sault St. Marie, Ont. The proposal is to utilize this power for electric purposes and build up, if possible, a large manu- facturing district. Pulp and paper mills will be among the leading industries. The syndicate in this agreement promises to erect a mill at a cost of $200,000, and to ex- pend further sums, which would amount, in addition to what they have already invested in the enterprise, to about $200,000more. The expectation is that 4oo hands will be employed for ten months in the year. In con- sideration of the establishing of a factory on this basis the syndicate have been granted the privilege of 50 sq. miles of timber for their use, from which they could cut wood as they desired, paying to the government twenty cents a cord for spruce and ten cents for other varieties, for eight years, the price to be thereafter fixed by the Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council. They are also to be allowed to cut elsewhere, if necessary, wood sufficient to keep their mills running for the next twenty-one years, but the amount cut within the fifty-mile reserve in any year in which they cut elsewhere must never be less than one twenty-first part of the entire quantity required for the year. The present price charged by the govern- ment for the wood as named, is, spruce twenty-five cents a cord, and for other kinds twelve and one-half cents per cord. This will show the extent of the concession in this particular. The proposition, as explained by the Hon. Mr. Hardy, was favorably received by all parties in the House, though the opportunity was not lost by the Conservative leaders to have a little fun at the expense of a Reform Government ready to grant protection to Canadian industries. The pulp industry is reaching remarkable proportions in Canada. Senator Warner Miller, a prominent American manufacturer, interested THE CANADA LUMBERMAN A in pulp mills, when in Montreal recently, stated that Canadian spruce was about the best material in the world for the manufacture of pulp. Within ten years this industry in Canada has reached a point where nearly $3,000,000 of capital is invested, and the annual output exceeds $1,000,000. United States capitalists are undoubtedly looking to Canada for their supplies of pulp-wood, even almost to a greater extent than are Michigan lumbermen looking here for pine. THE question whether Cypress is a hard wood or a soft wood has given rise to the larger question, whether hard woods and soft woods are properly classified by lumbermen. The fact is a number of woods as much entitled to be termed soft woods as white pine are always listed as hardwoods. The primary cause of the erron- eous classification seems to have arisen from the fact that in the earlier days of lumbering pine was the wood chiefly considered. It was put down asa soft wood, and all other woods were hardwoods, and this classification has remained practically unchanged up to the present time. Even when wrong it is not asimple matter in business to disturb conditions that custom, if not right, has made law. This has been noticed in the changes in methods of weighing and measuring. And yet it is best always to have right prevail. The New York Lumber Trade Journal has taken the initiative in the classifica- tion of lumber, and enlisted the services of Mr. B. E. Fernow, chief of the division of forestry, for the United States. The woods are divided into two classes, viz : A, coniferous (non-porous) woods; B, broad leaf (porous) woods; and to make the classification more correct, class B is divided thus: A, hardwoods ; B, soft woods. Under this classification red cedar (pencil cedar), red cedar (Pacific arbor vitae), white cedar, southern, (juniper), white pine, basswood, butternut, cottonwood, sycamore, white wood, (same as poplar, yellow poplar and tulip) are classified as soft woods, whilst long leaf pine, short leaf pine, eastern spruce, (black and white), Douglas (same as red and yellow fir), sitka (western spruce), ash, beech, birch, cherry, chest- nut, elm, hickory, mahogany, maple, oak and walnut are classified as hardwoods. WuatT the log supply will be is always a live question from the time the loggers leave the woods until the drives are all down. Necessarily a good deal of specu- lation is indulged in, for the reason that so many condi- tions exist to alter the situation before the season is finally over. The possibilities at present are bright enough in some sections, whilst in others there are com- plaints of low water, and it is not unlikely that consider- able quantities of logs may be tied up at some points. Of the actual cut it may be said that in Ontario this will not differ very much from that of a year ago; if anything, it will hkely run somewhat less. The big fires of last summer increased the cut in Minneapolis, Wis- consin and Michigan, it being generally stated that one concern alone, the Diamond Match Co., of Otonogan, Mich., has banked 180,000,000 feet of logs, perhaps the largest cut made by a single concern. In the Wisconsin Valley a reduction has been made, but this stands out as the one great exception on the Wisconsin river. Be- cause of the fires the cut in Minneapolis is heavy, though at this point there is some question whether the logs will all come down. Michigan has reached the point where the cut does not figure with as much importance as in former years, and lumbermen from there rest, as has been usual for some time, on Canada for their supply. The Secretary of the Northeastern Lumbermen’s Asso- ciation, of Boston, has been figuring out that there will bea large shortage of spruce logs in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, but, as will be noticed from our New Brunswick letter, lumbermen in those provinces are dis- posed to doubt the statement. So far as information comes to us, it would appear as though the cut will by no means be a smal! one. From some sections, cer- tainly, a good many logs will be brought down the streams. British Columbia lumbermen are just now getting to work logging. The seasons there do not run parallel with those in the east. Subscribe for THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, weekly and monthly editions, $1.00 per year. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN THE COMMERCIAL SIDE OF WOOD-WORKING. ES is important in running a wood-working establish- ment that the closest attention should be given to the mechanical departments of the business. If the machinery in use is not the latest and best, the business will be handicapped, and losses will be sustained. The day has gone by when, with an ancient equipment, the owner of shop or mill can keep alongside, much less in front, of his competitors. And it is encouraging to observe that so much attention is given to this side of the business in mechanical and class journals. We would not want to see any effort withdrawn from this branch of wood-working. Let Mr. J. H. Miner, and the many others who have made a study of these ques- tions, give to their fellow-workmen their best thought and work.- But has not too little attention been given to the counting-house? First-class machinery, pro- perly handled, will help to increase the profits, or to hold, at least, a fair margin in days when competition is at its keenest. But what of wise buying of products? What of shrewd business management of details in the counting-house and workshop? What of a wide and intelligent study of the markets where wood-working products are sold, so that the stock turned out shall be of a class that will meet the largest demand of the con- suming public? What of giving thought to the lines manufactured, so that trade may be anticipated and specialties manufactured for which a good sale can be secured? These questions all suggest a wide field of discussion. The matter of wise buying may of itself settle the ques- tion of doing a profitable business or not. The axiom, “Goods well bought are half sold,” though applied usu- ally to the realm of the retail merchant, has just as fit- ting an application to the manufacturer. Practically, in the present day when the profits of the manufacturer are whittled down so fine, he cannot expect to do a paying business unless he buys at close figures the raw material used. It is not enough that the owner of the average planing mill shall be a first-class mechanic himself and know when the stock is turned out that no competitor can get ahead of him in point of perfectness of manufac- ture. He must also be a business man, and have learned the art of buying his stock right, and know where to place it to the best advantage. We have simply touched the fringe of the question ; said that which is suggestive, rather than discussed any particular point. We are convinced that the business side of wood-working has had too little attention in the past, and the intention is, in this department of the CANADA LUMBERMAN, to deal with yarious phases of the question. We want te help the men who have capi- tal invested in wood-working plants in Canada to make money by their ventures. COUNTERSHAFT FOR DRIVING A SHINGLE MACHINE. 6; la accompanying drawings illustrate a method of putting in a countershaft for driving a shingle ma- chine with an endless belt, using a “live tightener,” and is thus described by a writer in the Wood Worker : One of the hardest places in the mill on a belt is at this place because we are limited to width and weight on account of the quarter-twist and speed,: and when the counter and the tightener are not properly put in (which is more often than otherwise) the case is worse. In the drawings the dotted lines at a2 show where to line from. The two three-quarter inch iron rods 4 have eyes through which the bolts ¢-project ; the other end is threaded about two feet, and with the crank-nut make it handy to pull the shaft back from the machine to take up the slack in belt while the machine is in motion. The bolts ¢ have a shoulder just below the base of the box, which allows the nut to tighten on the eye of the pull-back bolts independent of the fastening of the box to the bridge tree, and makes the bolts rigid, so they will not catch in the slot cut in bridgetree for them to slide in. Thetwo bolts in each box should be con- nected beneath the bridgetrees with a piece of 34 x2-inch iron, the nuts being run up only so far as not to require loosening in order to use the pull-backs. My experience is, the best belt for this place is a light double-leather, provided it 1s not exposed to the weather in the least ; in damp places, or where the belts are not cared for properly, four-ply stitched gum or six-ply cotton (Gandy) may be used to better advantage, as with this method of taking up the slack at any time belts which have a tendency to stretch more or less are not such a serious objection. The countershaft with the pulleys here illustrated should turn 600 revolutions per minute, giving a speed of 1,800 to the saw arbor with a twelve inch pulley, and a belt speed of 5,400 feet per minute, which is about the limit for good results. If it is desired to drive the saw faster, I should advise a smailer driven pulley, so as to not exceed this travel. I know I’m treading on danger- ous ground here, but actual results of experiments at this place lead me to this conclusion. I would recommend a distance of sixteen feet between centers as about the right thing ; longer belts than those required for this do not seem to give any better results, while shorter lengths are a positive detriment to the life of the belt. NEW PATENTS IN WOODWORKING MACHINERY. LUMBER STAMPING ATTACHMENT. Patentee: John P. Reedy, Williamport, Pa., patented Ottawa, 6th February, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim: ist. The combination of a lumber sawing or trimming machine with an impact stamp located so as to swing in a plain at right angles to the line of feed of . the planks and with mechanism for effecting a rapid vibration of said stamp whereby the marking of the ends of the successive planks can be effected without any stoppage in their forward movement, substantially as specified. 2nd. A controlling device for said me- May, 1895 chanism have a portion projecting into the path of the forwardly moving plank. 3rd. Witha lever carrying | an impact stamp and iocated so as to swing in a plane at right angles to the line of feed, a cam acting upon said lever so as to carry its stamp away from the plank, a spring acting upon the lever so as to bring the stamp into contact with the end of the plank when said lever is released from the control of the cam and means for rotating saidcam. 4th. A spring for bringing the stamp forcibly into contact with the end of the plank on its release and a recoil spring whereby the stamp is slightly retracted after giving its blow. 5th. A driving clutch for the shaft and a clutch controlling lever having a por- tion projecting into the path of the plank as the latter moves forward. 6th. A clutch controlling lever without a portion projecting into the path of the forwardly mov- ing planks. 7th. Means for operating said cam and a structure carrying said lever and adjustable from and towards the face of the cam, so as to vary the extent of movement imparted by the latter to the stamp lever, all substantially as specified. RUNNING THIN CIRCULARS. OR a number of years, writes a correspondent of the Tradesman, I have been actively experimenting to find out how to run thin circular saws, without diminish- ing the output of the mill nor lowering the standard of quality. These trials have resulted satisfactorily and the results are worthy of more than passing notice. ¥ In my charge at present are two circulars 76 inches in diameter, I2-gage at periphery, 9-gage at eye; two Ii-gage at periphery, 9-gage at eye, 72 inches in dia- meter, and several 1o-gage. These saws were purchased to meet the demand for a reform in the waste of the saw kerf. An experience of a number of years trying to meet this demand has taught me the coming circular for all classes of work is of 11-gage and dressed to cut scant 3.15 inch. If the mill men will give such a saw the yroper attention it will surprise them and save them a great amount of money. The several things essential to make a thin saw run nicely are to give the saw plenty of teeth (not less than 90; in fact, for 72-inch saws, I run 100 teeth). The saw should be run not less than 600 revolutions, and should have plenty of power to back it up. It should be well opened close up to the teeth, leaving a rim of not less than four inches. The usual manufacturers’ pamphlets should be avoided as far as to the proper manner in which to hammer saws, and as to the proper speed. The saw should be opened more at. about 10 or 12 inches from the teeth than any other place, and good results will be obtained. Hammer the saw to the highest speed and do not be afraid to push it. I run a II-gage saw as fast and crowd it as much as I can possibly do with an 8-gage. I use the following rules: 100 teeth, with plenty of sawdust room, and line the front of teeth on a line just to inches from the collar, or close to it. I use a collar 14 inches diameter, with four lug pins close to the edge, and run the saw to its highest speed—6oo. I usea sawyer’s governor and in hard wood or bad cuts slow the saw down so as to hold it straight. The saw is backed by a 16x20 engine, which runs nothing but this saw. A board sawed properly with a circular will dress on less than band-sawed stock, and a circular will also cut faster than a band mill. To mill men I would suggest that they try a pair of thin circulars, giving them a little attention and experimenting to some extent with them. ‘They will be surprised at the successful results obtained and also the amount of lumber sawed. Use a little judgment and avoid fake instructions given in “ Sawyers’ Guides,” written by men who never operated a saw mill in their lives and who instruct others how to run their special brands of saws. Their ways may be all right in shops, but they do not saw lumber, and that 1s what saws must do. Recently we sent a saw to a well-known firm to be reground. . The firm hammered the saw and returned it, with the instructions that it would not run if another gage was ground off. The saw was 12-gage and we only wanted it smoothed. How did this exalted gentleman (who had never run a saw in his life) get such universal knowledge as to dictate to mill owners what they should run? It only shows how little they know whereof they speak. ™ OT er eo May, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 COMBINED PLANING AND MOULDING MACHINE. ape engraving herewith presented represents a plan- ing and moulding machine, in the designing of which special care has been taken to combine every im- provement and appliance necessary to produce the most perfect work at as fast a speed as is attainable without the aid of fixed knives. A recent improvement consists in the arrangement of the gear for driving the feed rollers, by which all wheels are placed outside the fram- ing of the machine, thus materially reducing its width, and enabling the man working it to get more readily at the cutters. These machines are all fitted with top, bottom, and two side cutter-blocks, to work simultaneous- ly on all four sides of the wood, thus enabling them to cut single or double mouldings of any pattern, or to plane, groove, tongue, edge, thickness, and bead match- boarding, etc., in one operation. The adze blocks and their spindles are made in one forging of special steel, and run in improved self-lubri- cating bearings, thus enabling the cutters to be driven at a very high velocity, producing very perfect work at much higher speed than is generally attainable with machines of this class. The feed motion consists of four rollers, all of which are driven, giving a great propelling power, which carries the largest stuff through the mach- jne without any slip. The rate of feed can be readily varied from Io to 50 feet a minute, according to the de- scription of work, or quality and condition of the wood. : : some time and it was in use here long before I saw it, and many a bill of supplies I could have cut down had I known of it before. If any one who has used it found any bad results, let him speak up ; but don’t theorize about it. I have results to go by and offer them. Save your old rubber belting, and when you want to pack your piston try this method : Cut rings of belting to fit easily on the piston and slip easily in the stuffing-box ; cut them to slip over the piston and put them in the box to break joints, using the gland to ram them until the box is full; screw up lightly, so that the packing will leak for atime. As soon as it gets hot, the expansion is considerable and will quickly stop the leak, and you then have a packing that will stay with you, if you keep your cylinder properly lubricated. In cutting the rings you had better use a gasket-cutting tool and make an easy-fitting, smooth job of it, or you run the risk of a hot piston and then kick at my advice, when the fault will be your own. I have used many kinds of packing, but have never gotten any that was any better nor had any to last as long as rubber belting. There is another advantage about it : You don’t have to put “ packing ” on your supply list. I will never for- get the look of dismay I saw ona former employer’s face when he saw an item of $9 for packing in one sup- ply bill. It was for nine pounds of packing—and did not last very long, either. I don’t buy any more at that price, and am not likely to as long as the old belting ie : TEN, Baers ll ments, tracer guide for sawing irregular forms, bevel and curvilinear sawing, grooving table, vertical adjustment of saws in benches, machine for grinding saw blades, tape gauge for sawing, T rebating machine, sectional cut- ters, pivoted table for mortisimg machine, forked or double mortising chisels, gauge lathe with slide rest, rotary cutters for forming screw threads on wooden SASH AND MOULDING MACHINE OF 1856. screws, double grooving saws, and rach feed for planing machines. From that day forwaid there has been a steady and continuous improvement in all the various machines that find a place in wood-working establishments. This pro- gress continues, and within the past 50 years it has been most noticeable. Whilst from Ben- tham, an Englishman, came the incentive to better wood-working machinery, yet the larger developments of later years have doubtlesss been from the inventors of the newer continent. The trend of the age towards machinery that would lessen la- bor, and would add to a more ready pro- duction of stock, manifest in every depart- ment of mechanics, has been none the less so in wood-working. The wood-worker of to-day does not find it nearly so neccssary to equip himself with a great stack of hand-tools, as did his predecessors. True the chisel and hammer and screw driver are still necessary articles of the carpen- ter’s kit, yet in all our wood-working es- tablishments machinery, driven by steam, or that more recent force of the day, electricity, is fast taking the place of many individual hand tools. The cut of a sash and moulding ma- chine of 1856, which we have given above, will illustrate, in a measure, as compared COMBINED PLANING AND MouLpING MACHINE. The pressure apparatus is arranged so as to hold the stuff down firmly to the table close to all the cutter- blocks, thus preventing any vibration in the piece when under the cutters. An advantage in these machines is the great facility with which the cutters can be adjusted, and as a large proportion of the time of a moulding machine is necessarily Jost in setting the cutters, any arrangements which will facilitate this operation are of value. The low cutter-block is fitted into a planed iron drawer, which can be drawn out when it is required to adjust or change the cutters ; and the side cutters are provided with a ready means of vertical adjustment. ———————————— PACKING. T is often the case in planing mill and saw mill prac- tice, says a writer in an exchange, that one has an engine, a pump or steam cylinder of some kind that gives a great deal of trouble, by leaking at the stuffing box or by cutting out the packing. This has been a great deal of trouble to me at times innumerable. 1 say “has been,” because I don’t think it is a subject that will bother me any more, and as the remedy is simple and easy of application, it may help out some other mill man who cannot keep his piston from leaking, either for want of good or proper packing, or from a scored rod, or from some cause he can not at once remedy. Now, I expect some engineer will rush in to offer some objection, but I have been using this packing for holds out. If you conclude to try it, don’t forget to make the rings an easy fit, break joints and screw up lightly at first. I heard an engineer say a few days ago that ninety per cent. of the ills that engines suffer from result from improper lubrication. —— IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD-WORKING MACHINERY. Ts an age when the inventive genius is abroad it is to be expected that marked progress would be made in the realm of wood-working machinery since the days of the crude planing machine invented in 1879 by Sir Samuel Bentham. Samuel Bentham was a brother of the famous English political economist, Jeremy Ben- tham. The latter was interested in the study of in- dustrial prisons in England, and the talents of Sir Samuel were used to devise machines that would enable the government to secure a profit from the labor of convicts. In a treatise on wood-working machinery, of ancient date, the complete list of Benthams’s inventions is given as follows : Machines for planing and forming mouldings, im- proved planing and moulding machinery (rotary), wedg- ing guard for circular saws, segmental circular saw, con- ical cutter for dovetail grooves, undulating carriage to form wave mouldings, compound cutter heads to work two or more sides at once, the slide rest, tubular boring implements, crown saws, reciprocating mortise machine, rotary mortising machine, radius arm for sawing seg- with the machinery of the present day, the progress that has been madein wood-work- ing machinery in at least one direction. | PROTECTION FROM ACCIDENTS. HIS device is an English invention and relates to a guard or cover for preventing accidents from ma- chinery. ‘The invention is shown in Fig. 1 applied to a surfacing and edging wood-working machine with re- volving cutters. In Figs. 2 and 3 the guard is shown separately. The protecting bar E can be raised or lowered by sliding the slotted bar B up or down and clamping it in position by the set screw CG. - the bards may be adjusted horizontally by sliding on the boss E and fixing by. the set sciew F. When it is desired on occasions to turn the guard aside, the vertical bar B is made circular and fits in a circular socket. to THE CANADA LUMBERMAN : Wee the millenium is finally ushered in we may expect, possibly, to learn that railroad freight rates are framed on something like an equitable basis, and shippers will no longer have cause to complain. It seems to be one constant fight to come anywhere nearly keeping the railroads up to their printed contracts, much less an unwritten law of fairness and decency that ought to influence business corporations of all kinds, even railroads. Dropping into the office of J. G. Cane & Co., a few days ago, I enquired if there were any disturbing elements in the trade these days, and was glad to learn that, on the whole, peace and quietness reigned. The lumber shark was still abroad, but even he was keeping under cover at present. “But it is hard work for us,” said a representative of this concern, “to keep the rail- ways in tow. We have just had to foot a bill of $23, excess In charges of two cars of lumber we shipped a few days ago to a customer. A clause in the lumber freight schedule reads : “‘ Minimum weight 30,000 pounds per car, unless the marked capacity of car be less, in which case the marked capacity, (but not less than 24,000 Ibs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light lumber up to 30,000 pounds to the car, then the actual weight only will be charged for, but not less than 24,000 pounds.” The shipment under complaint was basswood, and we lived up to the strict letter of the words I have quoted, but it did not save us from the excess in charges that I tell of Of course we made our complaint, but ‘the only satisfaction we could get was a case of play-off by the agent here on some local agent. The blame was shifted from one to another. In the meantime our bank account was $23 less, the profit on that shipment of lum- ber was $23 short, and I am free to tell you that profits on lumber these days will not stand any such a shaving as that.” Xa) pa When I called upon Mr. J. H. Eyer, lumberman, the other day, I learned that he had returned a short time since from Fenelon Falls and that district. He had been inspecting some of the stock of Howry & Sons, this concern, like mill men generally, being quite ready to find a wholesaler who would help to place their stock this season. Mr. Eyer expressed himself as much pleased with the splendid mill that the Howty people have erected at that point, or rather the substantial im- provements that they have made in the plant this year. They have put in some of the very best saw mill machin- ery and calculate on cutting some 200,000 feet per day. They have also erected and are fitting up in fine style a planing mill, and will not only ship lumber, but also dressed stock. This firm are large operators, and are evidently going to make the most possible out of the tinber limits that they control in Canada. It was pleas- ing to learn of this enterprise, especially the develop- ment in the line of the planing mill business. I have been interested in watching how free trade in lumber would effect this department of lumbering. There seemed to be little doubt but that we might expect a growth in saw mill business, for even with lumbermen who own mills in Saginaw, it was apparent that to many of them it would be an advantage to cut their stock on the spot and ship the sawn lumber, rather than the logs. No one was sure, however, just how far the trade in dressed stock would shape. I am free to confess that it has not grown as it seems to me it might grow, and yet this step by Howry & Sons may be a straw showing which way the wind blows. A number of large United States concerns are now operating mills, and it only needs to be demonstrated to them, as probably Howry & Sons may demonstrate, that a well-equipped planing mill will prove a valuable adjunct to a saw mill, to make sure of a number being erected. At any rate, lumbermen, I know, will watch this innovation, if I may so call it. $ a. Jae. The other day I came across an item in a local paper tellmg the story of a Maine man, who had eyes on what might be termed some scrub maple, in York County, N. B. He believed there was money in this rag end ot the forest, and it is now stated that inside of two years he got out of that piece of territory 2,000,000 maple last blocks and made $12,000. I hear also of some cute Yankees who have made a fair amount of money out of some discarded hemlock logs. And I think the story has been told before in these columns, of the old lumber- man, who bought up a lot of walnut stumps in a section of the United States, converted them into lumber, and with walnut a valuable commodity, he was well rewarded for his foresight and labor. There are lots of such op- portunities, I am covinced, all over the country, to the man who uses his eyes, and knows something of the conditions of the lumber market. And the time is com- ing when we will be glad to place a market value on these remnants of the forest. I am always interested in facts of this kind also, as illustrating the wisdom of being careful of little things. In the primitive days of lumbering, all one had to do was to get into the forest and pick the choice timbers, and money was easily made, but those days have gone by. As I have been going over lately some of the government blue books, telling of the patches of timber that are to be found scattered, and scattered widely I must admit, in various parts of the province, I feel like saying to readers of these pages, keep your eyes skinned: There is money in these corners of the lumber vineyard. Away up in our northern country, and to some extent through some of the counties that to-day are pretty well settled, there is money to be made out of lumber by the man who will go about it in a thrifty, prudent, persistent manner, and is not afraid of work. I am not making any charge for this pointer, save the publisher’s one of $1 a year for the LUMBERMAN, weekly and monthly editions at that, but a pointer it is, and worth a good deal to somebody. ng Kune So large a quantity of lumber is used in car building it is a matter of importance to learn that in the United States, at least, there is likely to be an active season in that department of manufacture. The National Car and Locomotive Builder, in one item, records an order for 9,100 freight cars, box, platform and tank. And the New York Central has itself given an order for 3,000 box cars. Take the possibilities in Canada. Including sidings and double tracks, there are about 18,590 miles of railway. Mr. Geo. Johnson, government Statistician, figures out the possibilities of lumber consumption in this one direction, as follows : At 3,000 ties to the mile, the ties required number 55,770,000. Assuming the life of a tie to be seven years, the number needed every year is about 8,000,000 for renewals, and allowing 300 miles for new roads every year a million more for this pur- pose, or about 9,000,000 ties a year. Supposing that 50 cubic feet of ties can be obtained from an acre of forest then 3,340,000 acres will be required to supply the con- sumption of young and thrifty trees needed for the 18,590 miles, and 530,000 acres for each year’s demands. With various parts of the country pushing for the par- ticular class of lumber indigenous to their section, it seems likely that woods that have not hitherto been used in car construction, will, in the future, be given a place. Three hundred refrigerator cars are to be built by a Chicago establishment and the statement is made that these will be constructed entirely of Douglas fir and Washington spruce, except the bunkers, draw heads, and break beams. The object of this is said to be be- cause of the lighter weight of these woods for an equal strength. Where cars are pulled a long distance, and over roads where extra motive power is required the matter of weight becomes an important consideration. If Douglas fir should be largely used for car building it will mean a good deal to the lumber interests of British Columbia. J. R. Booth’s mill at the Chaudiere, has commenced work with a full gang of men to operate saws. The Bronson & Weston Lumber Co., Ottawa, Ont., has voluntarily adopted the ten-hour day for their mills when work is commenced, without reduction of wages, and the other lumber concerns, it is expected, will follow suit. ql gi x ib eh = pi? bee May, 1895 INTERNATIONAL LUMBER MATTERS. s [Special correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] Th was quite generally conceded by lumber handlers, both in this country and Canada, that the abolition of the duty on manufactured lumber from the Dominion would almost, if not entirely, do away with the export of logs into the United States. This assumption, however, does not appear to be in keeping with reports recently to hand from different points throughout the State of Michigan. The shipments of lumber to United States ports, especially from the Georgian Bay dis- trict of Ontario, since the introduction of the Wilson bill, have not been by any means equal to expectations ; and if the infor- mation we have on the subject be correct, very large quantities of logs will be rafted the present season from Canadian limits. It is said that Alger, Smith & Co. will raft 50,000,000 feet of logs to Detroit and Ecorse, and probably 20,000,000 feet from Georgian Bay to their Cheboygan mills. Brownlee & Co wili take over 3,000,000 feet from Georgian Bay and 2,000,000 feet from Cheboygan to their mills at River Rouge. The Delta Lumber Co. has purchased the Moffatt mill and will raft 4,000,000 feet from Georgian Bay and vicinity and 12,000,000 feet from Manistique. These are only a few instances of what may be expected in the way of log export across the border, all of which goes to show that free lumber is not sufficient incentive for the Michi- gan lumber kings, either to keep their mills idle or to remove them to the log, in place of the log to the mill. Dealers throughout New York State seem to be pretty gen- erally of the opinion that free lumber is to their interest, but much dissatisfaction is expressed with that section of the Wil- son bill which permits planed and grooved lumber to be ad- : mitted free. In both Buffalo and Tonawanda, for instance, the trade of the planing mills is stagnant, and several mills are shut down entirely. While this state of affairs would appear to open a field for Canadian lumbermen to put in planing ma- chinery and ship their stocks dressed, the uncertainty as to how long the present privileges will be granted them would, of ne- cessity, make the expenditure a risky one. It looks very much as if the next Presidental election will place the reins of power in other hands, and in such an event it is pretty safe to conjec- ture that a duty will again be placed on lumber in a manufac- tured state. The National Wholesale Lumber Dealers’ Association is the title of a new organization, with headquarters in New York. The object of this Association is to endeavor to carry into effect an organized effort to keep each department or branch of the lumber trade in its proper channel. It is contended that to properly, legitimately and profitably pass lumber from the log into the hands of the consumer, there should be but four divisions of the trade—manufacturer, wholesaler, retailer and consumer. Best results are experienced by all when trade is kept in its proper channels, and this condition is accomplished only in the ratio in which each division of trade recognizes and protects the rights and legitimate markets of the divisions other than its own. The wholesale trade, which seems to be honor- ably striving to protect the retailer, has the right to ask of all manufacturers that they refrain from selling to or soliciting the trade of any retail dealer or consumer. It is contended, and justly so, that the manufacturers’ legitimate trade is with the wholesaler. When they sell to the retailer they are disturbing the natural conditions of trade and taking away from the whole- saler that much trade which is legitimately his. That both the manufacturer in the United States and Canada has been too often guilty of doing business in the manner re- ferred to isa well-known fact and the wholesale trade has been aroused to concerted action to do away With an evil which they claim is jeopardizing their business interests. Brief interviews with representative lumbermen in Buffalo seem to indicate a steadily improving state of trade. Building operations in business localities will be on a more extensive scale than for years past. In reply to an enquiry touching the hardwood market, the President of the Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co. made the statement that their volume of business for the month of March this year exceeded that of any one month during eight years. There was an apparent shortage of red oak and quartered white oak, and the demand for these woods was on the in- crease. Canadian manufacturers holding such stocks will find it to their interest to note the fact. A. === es Place Bros., Stoney Creek, Ont., are building a new sash, blind and door factory at that place. Ward & Steele, contractors, of Prescott, Ont., contemplate building a new planing mill this spring. - The Ontario Steam Logger Co., Toronto, Ont., are apply- ing for incorporation with a capital stock of $250,000 to manufacture snow traction engines for the hauling of saw- logs, etc. The Lumberman Monthly a . ‘ [UMBERMA WEEKLY EDITION Edition, 20 pages } $1.00 Per YEAR { The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday TORONTO, ONT., MAY 1, 1895 No. 17. (Canapa LUMBERMAN Pf PUBLISHED BY fet. H. MORTIMER infederation Life Building - TORONTO. dd - Branch Office: N York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MoNnTREAL. ‘kly Lumberman, published every Wednesday s reliable and up-to-date market conditions and es in the principal manufacturing districts and mestic and foreign wholesale markets. A medium of information and communication be- Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and ters and the purchasers of timber products at home berman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the er and wood-working industries. Contains er\iews with prominent members of the trade, and aracter sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. al articles on technical and mechanical subjects pecially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men d manufacturers of lumber products. ubscription price for the two editions for one 00. sements will be inserted in this department at 5 cents per line each insertion. When four nsecutive insertions are ordered a discount of r cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the cat the line and is set in Nonpareil type, and no > is allowed beyond the head line. Advertise- t be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on o insure insertion in the current week's issue. ALE OR EXCHANGE.—so H. P. EN- and boiler, with smokestack—cheap. Box 50, CANADA LUMBERMAN. WANTED. ¥% inch Dry Maple. Reply to Manufacturer. “_v Box 100, CANADA LUMBERMAN. FOR SALE. BLE FRICTION FEED, CONSISTING ols, cable shafting, &c., complete, made by milton Mfg. Co., of Peterborough; used part mn, good asnew. Write for particulars. _ J. W. Howry & Sons, Fenelon Falls. RS WILL BE RECEIVED AT THIS tment up to and including the 4th day of st for the right to cut pine trees over seven diameter on the stump, on that part of the > Vankoughnet, in the District of Algoma, boundaries of the Batchewaung Indiau »pt the following part sections S E 1-4 of 1-4, section 12, S W 1-4, section 14 and section 25. pay as honus, or for the right to receivea ) cut the pine trees over seven inches in diame- ttump, which, when cut, will be subject to rates of dues: on square or waney timber housand feet cubic, on sawlogs $1.25 per thou- , board measure. = trees of a less diameter than seven inches on shall be cut. ed epartment reserves all timber except the pine ‘with the right to dispose of such other timber time, and purchasers of the other timber will he right to make roads and todo whatever may y in the premises to cut and remove the same. of payment 1-2 cash, balance in 3 and 6 months. for balance to be endorsed by parties satisfac- the department. A marked cheque for 5% of + must accompany each tender. further rticulars and conditions of sale apply Campbell, Esg., Crown Timber Agent, Sault ie, or to the Department of Crown Lands, A. S. HARDY, nt of Crown Lands } Commissioner of Crown Lands, WANTED. k® CARS OF 2 INCH NO. 1 AND 2 ROCK Elm, 7, 8, 14 and 16 feet long. 1ocars of 2 inch No. 1 and 2 Maple, Hard, 7, 8, x4 and x6ft. long. BUF- FALO HARDWOOD LUMBER CO., 940 Elk St., Buffalo, N. Y. BOR SALE: EW CARS EACH OF HEMLOCK AND NO. 2 Pine Lath, 8 inch Pine Stocks, Pine Sidings ro to 14 feet, 134 Spruce Flocring, Dry. Write for par- ticulars. Craig & Austin, Kinmount. WANTED. EST SPRUCE PLANED ON THE FOUR sides—42X3X3, 48X3X3, 48X434X3, 4312X3X2, 434% 4X2, 43%x4%x1. Quote lowest price per 1000 delivered to the H1LLreER OrGan Co., 228 York Road, Kings HF EUAN IN THE 5 CILY OF HAMILTON. NDER AND BY VIRTUE OF THE POWERS contained in a certain mortgage, which will be preduced at the time of sale, there will be offered for sale by Public Auction, on Friday, the 10th Day of May, 1895, at the hour of 12 o'clock noon, by Alexander Hunter, Auctioneer, at his auction rooms, No. 28 Mer- rick street, in the City of Hamilton, the following pro- perty, viz :— Firstly—Lot No. 49 on the south side of Jackson street, between Catharine and Walnut streets, in Geo. Hamilton’s survey, in the City of Hamilton. Secondly—Lot No. 47 on the north side of Jackson street, in said survey. Thirdly—The west half of lot No. 1 on the south side of Jackson street, between Catharine and Walnut street, in O. T. Springer’s survey. On the said premises are erected a brick planing mill, containing engine and boiler, and fitted with new and complete machinery for the manzfacture of doors, sashes, blinds and boxes, all of which machinery is in excellent condition. The said premises may be inspected at any time. TERMS—Ten per cent. of the purchase money to be paid down at the time of sale, balance to be paid in 30 days from date of sale. ~ For further particulars and conditions of sale apply to TEETZEL, HARRISON & McBRYANE, Vendor's Solicitors. Dated at Hamilton the 2oth day of April, 1895. ——E The case of Frank Stafford against the estate of the late James McCready, was argued be- fore Mr. Justice Taschereau, in the Superior Court, at Montreal, a few days ago. In 1888 the late Mr. McCready purchased two timber limits, and Mr. Stafford alleges that he was to have half the profits from one of these limits. This claim the executors of the estate refuse to recognize, hence the action. This limit was advertised to be sold in Toronto about a year ago, when Mr. Stafford applied for a writ of injunction to prevent the sale taking place, which was granted, and he subsequently took the present proceedings. A lumber company that will handle Ameri- can logs at some point on the Lake of the Woods, Minnesota, is being organized with a capital of $1,000,000. The organizers are William Deary, Kohl & Deary; Geo. A. Baird, Ottawa ; Timothy Crowell, Boston ; H. Howard, Montreal, and M. A. Ferguson, Du- luth. The new concern expect to be in shape to commence business August Ist. Edward Buckley, president of the Manistee and North- eastern Railroad, and other Michigan men are interested. Mr. Ferguson, promoter of the company, will spend some time in Ottawa and Montreal and other points in the mterest of the enterprise. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. Iv is the general belief of the lumber trade that business is mending, but at a markedly cautious pace. In volume it is not running into large figures, nor does it seem at all likely tkat it will partake of the nature of a boom this sum- mer, whatever may be the outcome later. Reports have reached us from several sources in western Ontario, and these point to more activity during the past fortnight. Travellers say that they are able to pick up orders at nearly all points of call, though these are not of a large size. The business that had been expected from the United States by this time in the year has not materialized. Some shipments are going out, and these will increase, now that navigation is open- ed, but seldom have United States lum- bermen bought with greater care than this season. Ina number of the larger cities, building operations will be more active this season than a year ago, but in most cases the buildings projected are of a business character, and will not call for any large consumption of lumber, though the lumber trade will, probably, indirectly, be benefited as a result of the general revival of business indicated by the per- mits granted. At some points the stocks of lumber carried by mill men are not particularly heavy, yet there are those who would like to see the old stock dis- posed of before they commence adding to it from the new cut. Whatever the future will bring forth touching prices no decline, as yet, is manifest, though some contend that there will be a shrinkage in values in some grades, at least, later in the season. If the lumber situation is to be measured by the value set on timber limits, no one need have occasion to be discouraged. There is a good enquiry for limits, and a strong confidence in the future of values. Careful enquiry would lead to the conclu- sion that the cut this season will be about equal io that of a year ago, if the logs all come down with promptness. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Lumber business is commencing to take on a seasonable-like activity in Que- bec. The booms are in good shape, the river is clear of ice, and the expectation is, that shipments to the United Kingdom will be made almost right away. McAr- thur Bros. anticipate the arrival of vessels forloading any day. There isan increased demand from the United States, but trade there is not developing as the lumbermen of New Brunswick had anticipated some months ago. The general quietness of business in that country affords the expla- nation. Prices, whilst firm, are not ad- vancing as some had hoped would be the case. _There is some improvement in cedar shingles, which is welcomed by the trade. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. Without any special cause for rejoicing, lumbermen of British Columbia have rea- son to be gratified at the condition of trade. The mills are finding a good de- mand for their weekly output, both at home and export points. Shipments to the United States continue active, and the increase in charters indicates a reasonable export business to foreign countries. Re- cent information would leave the impres- sion that conditions are so shaping in South Africa, that a larger share of lum- ber from the Pacific coast will go there than formerly. Hitherto Sweden has fur- nished the greater part of the timber con- sumed in that country, but this trade, it is expected, will be more and more directed in the future toward the Pacific coast. In Manitoba there isa better call for lumber, though the trade is not very active yet. Says the Commercial: “The cut of logs for the Winnipeg mill (about 6,000,- 000 feet), is larger than usual, about 3,- 000,000 feet having been the cut of this mill in previous years. The logs will come down the Rosseau river, from west of the Lake of the Woods river. The very low water this spring is causing some anxiety about getting logs safely down. Nothing has been done at the Lake of the Woods mills yet, navigation not being opened on the lake. The cut of these mills will be light this year, as the quantity of logs taken out is the smallest for many years, and stocks of Jumber carried over are large.” UNITED STATES. Asa whole, remarks a contemporary, the market condition of trade has not greatly changed during the week, and this would seem to be the conclusion to be reached from a study of conditions generally throughout the United States At certain points, trade is better than at others. The St. Louis district is named as the most energetic in lumber lines. But, generally, business is slow. It seems hard to say what will be the outcome of the season’s trade in white pine. With navigation opened, the complexion of the white pine business will change somewhat, but how far this condition will effect the general trade 1s a question. For rail ship- ment the tendency has been for months to buy in careful! lots, and it is doubtful if any other method of transportation will encourage a more liberal buying. Dealers are sorting up their stocks, but they are not stocking up with an over generous hand. Supplies are sufficient to meet all i) iA * a r -; ety present requirements. The Northwestern Lumberman says that at Saginaw, Tona- wanda and farther east, the wholesale market is quiet for the spring season when demand should be good. It will not be long now before the green lumber willbe on the market, and lumbermen are conjectur- ing what will be the effect of this develop- ment on market conditions as a whole. FOREIGN. Though the improvement does not amount toa great deal, reports from the United Kingdom tell of a better lumber market. An altogether improved tone is recorded of the Glasgow trade, and trans- actions of fair size and profitable character are taking place. Saw mills are busy, and retail trade is assuming satisfactory activity. The season points to a good de- mand for Quebec timbers from the ship- builders of Glasgow. The new orders booked by Clyde shipbuilders, during the last month, amounted to 24,000 tons, and the work on hand, altogether, is esti- mated at about 300,000 tons, which ex- ceeds the amount at corresponding date for a number of years past ; the launches for the first three months of the year total 53,000 tons. Prices for pine deals are held firm. At Liverpool business is not as healthy. No large sales are reported, though small parcels have changed hands, and prices keep firm all round. The Timber Trades Journal says of this mar- ket: “An average business has been _ done in pine deal goods to arrive, the low freight rates assisting to bring this about. We understand some enpagements for freight by liners from Montreal to Liver- pool, have been made at 37s 6d per stand- ard, but some shippers are not at present eager to charter at even 2s 6d per stand- ard less than this figure.” The London market is the least active of any of the leading markets of the United Kingdom. Reports from South America say that trade there is improving, though little is being done as yet with Cuba, the insur- rection troubles still proving a hindrance to business. HARDWOODS. The week’s trade in hardwoods has been of fair size. Basswond continues in good demand, especially 1sts and 2nds, re- quired for United States shipment. Birch holds a firm position, and stocks are none too plentiful. STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. The Royal City Mills, New Westmin- ster, B. C., sent out a week ago ten car loads of ties for the C. P. R. Richard & Gunter, spool wood mill, Boiestown, N. B., are turning out an aver- age of 35 cords of spool wood per day. S. Gillies & Sons, of Ailsa Craig, Ont., have shipped this season to the United Kingdom over $15,000 worth of square timber. The American schooner R. W. Bartlett, has sailed from New Westminster, B. C., for San Francisco, carrying a cargo of 600,000 feet of lumber and 175,000 of laths. ; Last week there were exported from St. John, N. B. 2,500,000 feet of long lumber, 4,000,000 lath, 2,000,000 shingles, a cargo of piling and two of cord wood to the United States, and nearly: 2,000,000 feet of deals, etc., to Dublin and Sligo, Ireland. The Central Lumber Co., of Saginaw, Mich., through Col. A. T. Bliss, have pur- chased 60,000,000 feet of standing pine timber on the Blind river, Ont. The logs will be towed to the company’s mill, and will stock it up for about three years. The consideration is said to be represented by rather less than $3 stumpage. An order is being filled at the Hastings Mill, Vancouver, B. C., for 100 ship spars for Sydney, N.S. W. They will be used in ship building, and will be carried around the Horn in a sailing vessel, due to leave next month. The spars must not be broader that 65 feet nor exceed 95 feet, and at the center must have a diameter of from 14 to 23 inches. Each spar will be of clean fir timber, and free from cracks, knots or other defections. UNITED STATES. Log run at Saginaw, Mich., is quoted from $14 for coarse to $18 for good. Box is $10 to $10.50, and bill stuff remains un- changed at from $8 to $8.50. W. D. Young & Co., are shipping into Bay City, Mich., hardwood logs at anaver- age of 4 to 6 train loads each week. The timber is elm, basswood, ash, birch, hem- lock and maple. One of the largest transactions in lum- ber on record in Philadelphia was satis- factorily completed a week ago, when Chas. Estey, of that city, contracted to de- liver, to the Standard Oil Co., 55,000,000 feet of boxing, putting up a bond of $200,- ooo for the favorable performance and ful- filment of the contract. The lumber is to be delivered within two years. A report from Boston, Mass., tells of one sale of stepping amounting to about 70,000 feet, made at a price below $26, and of sales of 1x6 heartface made at less than $16. A sale of logs amounting to 4,000,000 feet, is reported as being made at Bangor, Me., during the week, at $12.- 50. Readers can judge from this of the condition of the hard pine market in cer- tain districts. The Northeastern Lumberman says that Boston dealers need not expect much cheapspruce from Bangor, Me. this spring, with logs selling at $12.50 below the booms there, and with Sound orders for small spruce quick at $14 to $14.50 per thousand feet, and New York orders for yard stock at $13.50to $16.50. “The same journal says that most of the Associations spruce mills are full to over flowing with orders for frame and yard random. Some manufacturers predict a $16 market for May and June. CANADIAN COMMISSIONER LARKE ON THE AUSTRALIAN TIMBER TRADE. The commercial agent of Canada, Mr. J. S. Larke, with headquarters at Sydney, N. S. W., has furnished the following notes regarding the lumber trade of Aus- tralia. In dressed timber the trade was: 1893. 1894. Canadal.., 2 atey eevee 4 330 & 1,786 United! States < 2:25 .):.40 2,605 2,170 In rough lumber : Canadan, aeaceren ieee 16,373 18,213 Untted"Statest ses aoe 50,915 45,729 The Canadian advance in dressed tim- ber was largely in butter boxes, and un- fortunately the refusal of the butter makers to use boxes made from spruce, may de- stroy that trade in the future unless some means of thoroughly deoderizing it can be found. i A few months ago it was hoped a large trade would developinthe production of but- CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. ® 4 4 + ~ ter boxes from spruce, for the Australian . trade. It is claimed here that spurce, al- though appearing to be entirely free from odor, develops a taint in shipment, and the use ofthese boxes has been discontinued by all the leading exporters, and only second class butter or butter for British Colum- bia market is packed in them. This is to be regretted and tests should be made by your lumbermen to ascertain whether this defect cannot be obviated, as the trade iS an important one. Spruce boxes that have been made onthe market for some time were sold a few days ago to exporters, owing to their hap- pening to be no supply of New Zealand white pine at hand. I propose to try to follow the course of these boxes, and if they turn out all right and the price of white pine can be met, it may lead to a restoration of the B. C. butter box trade, The market for timber is dull and there is a story that Oregon has been offered at $7. There has lately been some trouble over claims for damages owing to timber not being up to quality and shippers have incurred serious losses thereby. I am to meet the leading people engaged in the Oregon trade, to ascertain whether any- thing cannot be done to bring about a better state of affairs. THE SITUATION. REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF “WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” S. Gillies & Sons, Ailsa Craig, Ont.: “Have just completed a shipment of oak and elm, principally rock elm, over 100 car loads, to Messrs. Dobell, Beckett & Co., Quebec. We have about 300,000 feet of basswood for sale, balance long run. Have also a quantity of soft elm, rock elm, oak and maple. We anticipate good prices this season.” Estate, James McLaren, Buckingham, Que.: “Stocks are commencing to move actively ; there seems to be a general de- mand for all classes of lumber here. Sales, however, are chiefly of moderate size ; no very large transactions to speak of. The tendency of prices is firm and upwards.” J. & T. Scott, Allans Mills; Ont.: “Stocks are not moving actively, and chief among those in demand are ash, basswood and maple. No large sales have taken place in this district recently.” S. Fraser, Amherstburg, Ont.: “Hard- woods are in fair demand in this district. There is a large stock of logs at the mills, mostly elm. Pine is at a standstill ; local trade is very dull.” Correspondent, St. John, N. B.: “The exceptionally favorable winter for logging, while it tended to reduce the comparative cost of getting out lumber in this province, as well tended to a larger output,: which must be marketed, and this will havea ten- dency to keep prices from advancing very much. As yet, trade remains quiet, and . holders are waiting, and watching the movements in outside markets.” S. B. Wilson & Sons, Lousie, Ont.: “Stocks of hardwood lumber here, are lighter than a year ago--probably 50 per cent. We find prices becoming firmer, and in most lines a fair advance is being made. Many enquiries for stock. We have contracted for about 200,000 feet of hardwood for the coming season at fair prices, and expect a good season’s busi- ness. Shingles are slow, except for the retail trade, which is very good.” . Junction and North Bay, 1oc.. Rate fro SHIPPING MATTERS. aa Vessel rates from St. John, N. B., to New York are down to $2.25. The sch. Peerless, has sailed from Vancou- ver, B. C., for San Pedro with a cargo of lum- ber. Five schooners from Saguneay, two laden with lumber, consigned to Messrs. Price B & Co., Quebec, and the other three in ba las , have reached port. ¥ Not one vessel in a dozen at Buffalo load in sight, and but two or three are ed to make a trip when navigation oper market for tonnage is indeed slow. The Collin’s Bay Rafting Co., their consorts already fitted out at K and these vessels will leave for the Upp > immediately to go into the umber aes nes Robt. Kerr, general freight and passe at Montreal a few days ago, P. R. rates on lumber from Rat Pi different points specified in Northern Pacific. a * The following charters are John, N. B.: Ship Abba S. He to three ports United Kingdom, gos ; barques, N. B. Morris, Pase: continent, deals and boards, 92s Mirmachi to Llanley, deals ; Aigen water, N. S., to Beunos Ayres, | BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHANGES. Hughes, Atkinson & Co., lumber, coal and — wood, Souris, Hartney and Brandon, Man., — . : d j 3 <7. = ay sa] have dissolved. see a The Hardwood Manufactming Co. City, Mich., has been incorporated with a cz tal stock of $30,000. | x _ ee Schedules of the affairs of Geo. F Sons, New York, the insolvent show total liabilities of $44) $191,668 are actual, and $255, nominal assets $245,500, actual a 813. Application has been made to parlian the incorporation of a company to be Gilmour & Hughson Co., Ltd., for of purchasing the estate of Gilmo son, Ottawa, and to carry on the of lumber, wood-pulp, paper, bri material; also to carry on the shipping, mines, smelting ores, and selling electricity for pow purposess 4 Lumeer freight rates for pine on the Railway have been made a fixture, as bel intended change due notice will be given rm General instructions in shipping by cee Trunl embodied in these words in the tariff sched: oy ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 Ibs. unless the marked capacity of the car be | case the marked capacity (but not less t will be charged, andl must not be exceed Ss be impracticable to load certain descriptions -umber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, weight only will be charged for, but not ooo Ibs. The rates on lumber in the ta higher from an intermediate point on the than from the first named point beyond, to! tination. For instance, the rates from worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or ’ not be higher than the specific rates nam ton to the same points. The rates from Southampton to points east of Listowel an and west of Stratford will be the s Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates ished on | charged than as per mileage table pu of tariff. Rates from leading lumber points on pin softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as Falo Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie an oO in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeor Bay, Victo bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Graver and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; l bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; S Powassen and Callender to Toronto, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%4c. are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east are 7c. per 100 lbs.;_ to Deseronto, BS 4 to B B: and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and | al eiar'| fi i | 2 ’: re 4 \ ! 7 at. — * ~~ May 1, 1895 z ; (eee CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. I, rates on hardwoods average about from rc. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft- woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, roc ; Al- goma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, 13¢.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 14%c. per 100 Ibs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 lbs., and _ an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way areas follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per too Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $t.90 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per a M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Quebec, $2.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to Quebec, $2.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per roo lbs. Ottawa to New 3 ork, five carloads or over $3.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to New York, $3.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local x5 cents ; exports 13¢. per 100 lbs.; Arnprior to Boston, Portland and common points, local 17 cents; export 15 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents pei roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Albany, ro cents per 109 lbs. ; Armprior to Albany, 12 cents per too lhs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N.S. and common points, 22% cents per 100 lbs. Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per 100 Ibs., except when quoted per M ft. the minimum carload charged is to M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 Ibs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : “ After careful consideration we havecome to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. 1st, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7/c. per 100 lbs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, IngerSoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the €. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7%c. from same points. EDAR —ORDERS PROMPTLY FILLED FOR telegraph, telephone or electric poles, ties, posts, cedar shingles and cedar light wood ; also hemlock di- mension lumber-—J. E. MurpHy, Hepworth Station. 4G BIS SS, Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN, No 8g State St., Boston, Mass. Inspection at mill. YANADIAN EXPORTERS 18° WHOLESALERS LUMBER| PINE and HARDWOOD — AND — - TORONTO OFFICE: TIMBER | London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. ‘ DONOGH & OLIVER °° °° * wormieresesis | UMDEP, Lath ana Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- BUFFALO : Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. eee “TAS. PLAYFATR & CO. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER * LATH ° SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies BILL TIMBER a Specialty .. .- MIDLAND, ONT. =a Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. Dianvracrurers OF LUMBER LATH aw SHINGLES ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. AVE for sale a large quantity of nice Mill Cull Stocks, mixed, 10 and 12 inches wide, at $8 per M. Alsoa quantity of Mill Cull Sidings at $7. 2 14, and 2 cuts and better. Also 1x6, 8, 10 and 12 inch Stocks. ~ Ottawa Lumber Go. In stock, quantities of 1%, Correspondence solicited. Ottawa Ganada "WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, ETc. WYrite for Stock List > WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE: 20 Aberdeen Chambers HARDWOOD a Specialty LORONTS Grea, Cormack Wholesale Dealer in all kinds of © Bills cut to order. Lumber shipped to all parts (LUMBER, LATH »° SHINGLES by rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. | Wt nS yy ON AES MANUFACTURERS OF, Tie Georgian Bay Lunber Go LUMBBR : AND: LATH Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn e WAUBAUSHENE, ONT. LUMBER BROKERS... ST. JOHN, N. B., CANADA iF C. WATTERS & CO. Wanted for the American Market, Correspondence Spruce Lath, Spruce Shingles, Spruce and Pine Glapboards, Solicited Birch Flooring, Pine and Spruce Lumber, #'s° Hemlock Bark. Sit Your Wish . - To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A PARTIGULAR LOT OF LUMBER A MILL PROPERTY SEGOND-HAND MAGHINERY An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ ane A ‘For Sale’’ Department 0 CO renced! CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION Will secure for you a Buyer or Seller, as the case may be. Address, The Canada Lumberman Toronto, Canada. TTT Ce) (UL al FOREIGN EXPORTERS «x? IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: <<: : 1, 1%, 1% and 2in. Plain RED OAK 1% and 2 ineh SOFT ELM © 1 ineh and thicker BIRCH p>. - BUFFALO, N. Y. Write us, stating what you have for immediate shipment, with full description of stock, etc. _ EMPIRE LUMBER CO. if ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. POeriAR, e: - mt. MAPLE FLOORING, N.C PINE, Bo oon CYPRESS ‘Lumber and Logs tor Export —————_' Pina No. 1 BROADWAY H - a . x “D. C. BACON, abe GANUNE Gi0R G MULLER . 0 0 Oo REDWOOD. President. ANT LUM BER C MANUFACTURERS OF THE LONG L PINE, and e HARDYZOOD lUMEEE NEW YORK. M. F. AMOROUS, O WPI BRIDGES, TRESTLES AND CARS ....--- f' ut to order for FACTORIES, HOUSES, WHARVES, Kiln Dried Floorings wee > Ss mo ATLANTA, GEORGIA, U.S.A. OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE - - BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO. WILLIAMS’ LINE. N.Y. Office—ROOM 306, 18 BROADWAY. J.H Williams {*s LUMBER DISTRICT, ALBANY, N.Y. Agent YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS IN AND MANUFACTURERS OF Poplar: and: Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. SCATCHERD & SON zie Hardwoods 54 South Street, NEW YORK. BUFFALO, N.Y... -—— WANT —: ROCK HiM COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.—— “ eee 00 sea ‘ 5 00 es} FINE COMMON. eae af 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 00 | 244 and 3in., 8in. and up wide 40 co — EY, rg and 2imhecsc cee o ne 34 00! 4 I. . a. 203 «+00 eel B FINE COMMON OR NO, I CUTTING. . . . . . . Ae 7 rin., 7in, and up wide...... 25 oo | 2% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 35 00 TZ, 14 and eit, sone oie 39 00'} 4 Ue ciple «cen ae eee ee 38 00 "y STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). at 1% in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 oo | 1in., 4,5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 Gh, Wide. cy... cee teee wee 36 o> | 6 in. wide. ......... er a FINE COMMON OR C. ' 14 in.; 4, 5, in, wide ..:%.: 30 00 | z inl, 6m: wide... eee ©/1D., 45 5 iN, Wide); - dese eee TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.§ 8 50 | Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 18 ft Bites. re icles sc 5 eer Ie 50 gO feet. so. Sach eeaeee 20 ft sade ecu ese eee Ir 50 QUIS. wees x Satta Oa ‘“ anand ews. Vee arenes 12 50 | Add $x to each additional oft. in length. SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 25 | Standard brands. river made, — Clear!Butts®.. 55 123 Scneee 2 00 9. &.@. rr so, + 290 Clear Butts: ..c. -eseeer anat WHITE PINE LATH. NOs Tena Seen ee sl ee eee t 85 | No. 2..0..9. 10 eel tS) a a I 35 Hemlorks: (ope aes OSWEGO, N.Y. Usweco, N. Y., May 1, 1895. WHITE PINE. Three. uppers, 134, 134 and 2:1nch. ..+=+ ssn eee + »-$45 00@46 00 Pickings, BR Pre sr ot se 00 No. 1, cutting up, ‘‘ ey Nae No. 2, cutting up, ‘‘ AS" <5) 3 ae In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding trips, SIDING . 1% in selected....... 38 00@43 00 ticks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 | 1% in dressing....... 20 00 22 00 zin dressing......... 19 00 21 00} 1% in No. xr culls.... 15 00 17 00 tin No. x culls...... 14 00 15 00] 1% in No. 2cuils.... 14 00 15 tin No. 2 culls...... 13 00 14 00] 1 in. No3culls...... ; rin siding, cutting up IXI2 INCH. z2-and 16‘ feet, mill rum... ...<-ks 2 Reais tal NEO) —- eh! ‘ 5 L “i ; re a ‘ b = May, 1895 THE NEWS. —Mr. Barker, of Burford, Ont., has commenced the erection of a saw mill. —cC. Anderson has purchased.a new engine and boiler for his saw mill at Little Current, Ont. : —Mickle, Dyment & Co. are putting a new lumber carriage in their mill at Severn Bridge, Ont. —Mr. Rees’ new stave mill at South Wodslee, Ont., is near- ing completion, and will shortly commence operations. —Mr. Avory, of Sharbot Lake, Ont., states that his two mills will turn out 50,000 pieces of timber this summer. —In lieu of a bonus of $500 from the town, Mr. Babcock, of Odessa, offers to build a saw and grist mill at Bath, Ont. —Jas. I. Armstrong is opening up in the lumber business at Belmont, Man., and will handle only United States lumber. —Detective Malo, of the Canadian Secret Service, recently arrested three Indians at Caughnawaga, Que., for cutting Government timber. —J. M. Taylor, of Portage la Prairie, has started his planing factory for the season. He had the machinery overhauled be- fore starting the season’s work. —Mr. Whitney, President of the St. Anthony Lumber Co., intends to erect about 400 houses at Whitney, Ont., to accom- modate the men working in his large saw mill. —Nash’s new sawmill at South Edmonton, Man., has been completed and put in operation. Walters & Humberstone’s mill at the same place will be finished at an early date. —The Disney & Delvin Mfg. Co., Hanover, Ont., are applying for incorporation, with a capital stock of $24,000, to operate a planing mill and sash and door factory at that place. -—Hammond Bros’. steam saw mill at Gorrie, Ont., was com- pletely wrecked by the overflowing of the Maitland river on the 8th ultimo. Lumber and logs were swept away in large quantities. —The Collins Bay Rafting Co., Collins Bay, Ont., have built a marine railway to enable them to haul their boats out of the water to be repaired. They will also erect a sawmill to manufacture lumber, etc. —Marks & Co., of Thessalon, Ont., have taken out for the Perry Lumber Co. during the past winter 16,000 cords of pulp- wood, which piled in a continuous line 4 feet high, would extend a distance of 24 miles. —A petition is in circulation in East Kent asking the Legis- lative Assembly of the Province of Ontario to appoint a special committee to inquire into the destruction of 150,000 feet of mercantile timber being cut under the authority of the Com- missioner of Crown Lands by his agent at Rondeau Park. ——_—————————— CASUALTIES. —Robert Carruthers, of Carling, had one of his legs broken a fortnight ago, while chopping down a tree. —P. Bilodeau, recently fell from a lumber pile in Archer’s yard, Quebec, and received injuries from which he died. —A few days ago Hubert Villeneuve, a settler at St. Prime, Que., was accidentally killed by the fall of a tree at Mistassini. —B. L. Larne had his arm broken above and below the elbow while working in a stave mill at Mountain Station, Ont., a few days ago. —George Dufresne, aged 27 years, while felling a tree recently in woods at Deschambault, Que., was killed by the tree falling upon him. __At the Brunette saw mills, New Westminster, B. Cra sawyer named Dickson was injured by the falling of a pile of lumber. His face was cut and one of his legs badly bruised. —A young man who was engaged in cutting cordwood with a buzz saw at St. Francois de Beauce, Que., recently had_ his arm cut off while attempting to remove an obstacle from the saw. —John Webb, while working in Lewis & Williams’ mill, near Cottam, Ont., was struck by a chain on a shaft and had his face battered up in a terrible manner. He was taken to the hospital. —A young man named Eugene Lacroix, of St. Raphael, —Que., accidentally stumbled against a circular saw in the mill of Mr. Morin, at St. Valier, and had his leg instantly cut off. He died shortiy after. —A boy named Frederick Rowe had his left arm caught in the machinery of Ackland’s planing mill at Point Douglas, _Man., and received injuries which necessitated the amputation _ of the arm above the wrist. —On the 12th of April, George Betts, proprietor of a saw mill at the lake, about two miles from Chatham, Ont., com- ne a THE CANADA LUMBERMAN II mitted suicide by shooting himself. Financial trouble is sup- posed to be the cause of the deed. —George Salsbury, of Huntingdon, who was operating a portable saw mill near Sheffield Station, on the 11th ultimo, had his leg caught between two logs, breaking it above the ankle and otherwise badly bruising it. —While attempting to throw offa belt from a revolving wheel, John Odrieve, who runs a saw mill at Glencoe, Ont., was caught by the belt and thrown over the shaft. One arm was broken, which had to be amputated. —A fatal accident occurred on the 16th April, in Lockwood’s sawmill at Enterprise, Ont., whereby Hector Wagar was al- most instantly killed. A board, coming in contact with a circular saw, was thrown with terrible force, striking him on the neck, resulting in his death within two hours. —The first saw mill accident of the season at J. R. Booth’s mill at the Chaudiere, occurred on the 16th inst. Robert Hughes was struck by a slab flying from an edger, from which he received a blow in the side and severe internal injury. An operation was performed at the hospital and he is recovering. AN IMPROVED SHINGLE MACHINE. ee accompanying illustration represents an im- proved patent shingle machine manufactured by the Small & Fisher Co., Ltd., Woodstock, N. B. The makers lay claim to the following points of superiority in this machine : 1. That it will make better and more even shingles than any other, for the reason that the belt is set forward ———— a ul A Mea ‘ i steam, and not only without injury, but more economically than with saturated. It is also declared by the union that in installing a super-heater care is essential that the advantages gained are not lost either by less perfect combustion or by greater radiation losses—the cost of the super-heater not to exceed, of course, the saving ob- tained in coal consumption ; the super-heater to be con- nected with the boiler, so that both can be fired from the same furnace ; and after leaving the super-heater, the gases should come in contact with the heating surface of the boiler, and, lastly, with the heating surface of the economizer. Further, these experiments showed that the use of super-heated steam does not exclude the use of steam jacket. Though both super-heating and steam jackets were used, yet condensation in the high-pressure cylinder occurred. The use of low-pressure, seven and one-half atmospheres, did not give such good results as the use of high pressure, eleven and one-half atmos- pheres. A GERMAN COUNTERFEIT WOOD. MERICAN inventors have devised a method of “ woodizing” glass, and now the Germans are turn- ing still other substances into counterfeit presentments of wood. A peculiar material named “ Kuntsfournier,” or artificial veneer, is made in Germany, under the patents of Herr Karl Koester, of Cologne. This ma- terial is composed principally of infusorial earth, which is fixed with various binding and coloring materials and mr AN IMPROVED SHINGLE MACHINE. while the carriage is advancing slowly towards the saw, consequently there is no jar while the bolt is being set. 2. The bolt being set after the quick return stroke is completed, there is no friction, or pressing of the bolt against the saw, as is the case in machines that set the bolt during the return stroke. 3. The carriage carrying the block passes the saw opposite to the side on which the arbor is attached, by so doing a larger shingle can be cut with a smaller saw than can be done when the carriage runs on the same side as the arbor. 4. The machine is self contained, no extra counter shaft being required to drive the jomnter. In their advertisement appearing in the present num- ber of the LUMBERMAN, the Small & Fisher Co. print strong testimonials, (one from a well-known Ontario firm), in support of their claims for the efficiency of this shingle machine. ———————— EXPERIMENTS WITH SUPER-HEATED STEAM. N giving the results of their protracted experiments with saturated and super-heated steam, the Alsace Union of Boiler Owners say that, theoretically, it has never been denied that super-heated steam should give a higher efficiency than saturated, yet no experiments were undertaken with super-heated steam. Subsequently, however, after numerous trials, the oldest engine even was found capable of being safely used with super-heated spread in layers over a wooden core. When the mass is dry, it is cut into sheets or blocks, and ifthe layers have been differently colored, their irregular section prevents an effect resembling that of figured wood. In the manufactory a machire is arranged by which two wooden posts, 13 feet high and set about five feet apart, are made to revolve about a vertical axis. Each post has 24 horizontal branches radiating from it, and the branches as well as the posts revolve around their own axes. Inthe process of manufacture, the horizontal branches are first covered with paper, to prevent the composition from sticking to them, and then painted with a mixture of infusorial earth, coloring matter and gum. The branches attached to one of the posts are painted with one coat, and the machine is then revolved so as to bring the other post near the operator. By the time the branches of the second post are coated, these of the first are dry and ready to be revolved into posi- tion for a second coat. In this way the painting goes on continuously, until the branches are loaded with a coat of composition nine or ten inches thick. The color of the coats is made alternately dark and light, and the thicknesss of the stratum is varied, so as to imitate the varying thicknesses of the annual rings in a tree. When all is thoroughly dry, the cylinders of compo- sition are slipped off their wooden cores and sawed or cut into veneers, which are said to bear a deceptive resemblance to those of real wood. i ser ee + 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LuMBERMAN.] TS the future of trade in the Ottawa district is to be gauged by the shipments of lumber from this point during the win- ter and spring, the season would rank as one of the dullest in ten years. Old members of the trade, however, who have studied the situation carefully, believe that a good season’s business will yet be done. It has not always been the case that when business went off with a boom in the months of March and April that the greatest business was done. Prices are fairly maintained, and this is an indication of strength. The building formerly occupied by the Ottawa Canning fac- tory will be started shortly as a planing mill and sash factory by Mr. Lariviere. Gilmour & Hughson will increase their cut considerably over what was intended, having been losers of a large quantity of lumber by fire at Ironsides. Bronson’s saw mill has. started up. The big mill will be started in a few days. Both mills will be run ten hours per day. By the first of the month it may be expected that all mills will be well running. The Ontario Government will be about $140,000 richer by the entering for probate of the will of the late Col. Allan Gil- mour, the well-known lumberman. The total value of the es- tate in Ontario is placed at $1,452,834. The stamps amount to $2,144. This is the largest estate ever probated in Ottawa. It is stated that the Government has decided not to force the sawdust legislation, leaving the matter to be settled by Parlia- ment, which was convened on the 18th inst. This position, however, does not preclude others from taking action against the mill men, and, as intimated in former correspondence, there is talk of private parties moving at once in the matter. W. C. Edwards & Co., Ltd., have a Jarge force of men re- pairing and making improvements to their mills. The old water works pump house has been torn down and a more im- posing structure is now being built. A large addition is also being built at the shipping docks at mill No. 2, upon which ties and rails are to be laid for the purpose of backing cars on to load. Mr. William O’Brien was in town a few days ago from the con- struction of the O. A. & P. S. Railway near Whitney. He says there is a big boom in that district. The American lum- ber camps are just now breaking up, but the American firms are making a big push. The new saw mill of the St. Anthony Co. is rapidly drawing to completion. The mill will make a very large cut when once in full running order, and employ a large staff of men. Important improvements are being made to the mill of Wil- liam Mason & Son, and when finished it will be one of the most complete in Canada, for its size. Over $10,000 worth of new machinery has been put in. The output will be about 75,- 000 feet a day. The old circular saws have been taken out and replaced with large band saws. New ‘“‘live feeds” have been put in; new steam ‘‘ butting off” saws and other new machinery placed in position. The fire protection has been made very complete. Orrawa, CAN., April 20, 1895. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanapA LuMBERMAN]. “THE St. John river is rapidly becoming free of ice, and al- * ready schooners loaded with lumber have come down part of the way. Hamilton Bros. mill on the Straight Shore is being rebuilt. John C. McAuley, of Mill Stream, is doing good work with his portable saw mill. The export of lumber from St. John in March was $20,000 less in value than in March of last year. The Calais Times says that there will be an average cut in that district, where Secretary James talks of a shortage. Turner & McClean’s crew are at work getting the steam mill ready for sawing. About 1,000,000 feet of logs are at the tail of the mill. Coun. Carson, of St. Martin’s, has his winter’s lumber all sawn and hauled to the bank, and is making preparations for loading schooners. It is stated by-a local correspondent that there are 30 shingle mills of various sizes, though the majority small, running in Restigouche county. The Norwegian barque Attila, which carries deals to the United Kingdom, has met with another accident. She has been an unfortunate vessel. Rhodes, Curry & Co., of Amherst, N. S., owners of the car works, are importing large quantities of oak via St. John. Shipments so far aggregate 400,000 feet. Heavy rains a week ago have done considerable damage. At Upham Mr. Chas. Titus, mill owner, was a heavy loser, the ice clearing away part of his booms, dam and wharf. Samuel Darling, formerly customs officer at Milltown, and at one time an active lumber manufacturer in the province, died a week since at the home of his son, at Somerville, Mass. The output of O’Neil & Lewe, on the Middle Road, will be in the vicinity of 2,000,000 ft. Patterson Bros., H. A. Mc- Phee and others in this district are getting ready for a good season’s work. McLeod Bros., Gasperaux Station, have a larger quantity of logs and railroad ties than usual. Robert M. Graham’s mill, same district, has commenced sawing, and a busier season than last year is anticipated. Robt. Convey, foreman for Geo. B. Vaughan at Point Wolfe, when in town a few days since, stated that a good winter’s logging had been completed and they are now awaiting the drivers to get them to the mills. Several St. John Lumber mills are putting in planers so they can cut dimension stuff for the American market. As a result of the new tariff lumber shipments with the New England and Middle States are looking up. The mill of S. K. King & Sons, at Kingsville, will be put in operation again in July. New boilers will be put in, the plate for which has been ordered from England. This is the mill where the terrible boiler explosion occurred. The season’s cut of lumber in the vicinity of Andover has been unusually large. The contract for driving from the Forks to the mouth has been sold to Mr. McNair at 23c. per thousand for the 61 miles, and about same rate on chartered distance. Chas. Miller and A. Cushing & Co. have been reported by Harbor Inspector O’Brien for throwing sawdust and edgings into the river, and Stetler, Cutler & Co. have been reported for throwing lime into the river. These will make test cases on the sawdust question. Lumbering looks lively at Ten Mile Creek. Large quanti- ties of lumber are there and already some shipments have been made. It is estimated that 5,000,000 of sawn lumber will be shipped from that port this season, besides several cargoes of piling, kiln wood, etc. J. B. Benson, representing the Muskoka Timber Co., and owning timber lands covering a territory of 300 miles along the Restigouche and Kedgewick rivers, and about 100 miles along Green river, says that the former territory will produce 200,- 000,000 of lumber or about 10,000,000 per year. Lumbermen here are not disposed to accept the statement of the secretary of the Northeastern Lumbermen’s Association, of Boston, as regards his estimate of shortage of spruce. He has estimated a shortage of 80,000,000 at St. John and 25,000, - 000 in Nova Scotia. Lumbermen here say that these figures will not hold good, as will be shown a Itttle later on. The destruction by fire of A, Cushing & Co.’s mill at Union Point, ten days since, was an event that has brought much dis- aster. It is a serious blow to the people of Fairville, as it gave employment to 225 men and boys. The machinery consisted of two gangs, one band saw, three planers, three lath machines, six box machines, one black-board machine and three double edgers, which are all badly burnt and twisted, and will probab- ly be unfit for further use. The entire stock of lumber was saved, with the exception of a few hemlock boards, which were scorched on the end, but not seriously. The loss is es- timated between $50,000 and $60,000. The mill has been running steadily for nearly four years, when almost entirely new machinery was put in. The firm are undecided whether to rebuild or not. This has given rise to the suggestion that possibly Stetson, Cutler & Co, will start their mill at Indiantown. They had not intended running this year unless the American trade looked up a good deal. St. Joun, N. B., April 18, 1895. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CaNADA LUMBERMAN.] Bb ESS is active around the British Columbia cooperage works at Vancouver, these running over time lately in order to cover the large orders received for spruce barrels, etc. Butter makers in the territories are among the larger purchasers of the cooperage products, as also are oriental exporters of mo- lasses. British Columbia spruce seems specially adapted for the manufacture of these packages. A saw mill will likely be erected on Boundary Falls this spring. The Brunette Saw Mills are running over time to keep up with orders. About 150 men are now employed. The Brunette Saw Mill Co. are asking the City Council for better water facilities for fire protection at their mill. ae ' & The Royal City Mills logging camp, at Mud Bay, is being : closed, and a new camp will be opened at once at Bear River, — on the northern coast. The first batch of men have already gone north to open the camp, build bunk houses and prepare the way generally for logging, which will commence in about a | month. About 50 men will comprise the crew. 7 One of the richest timber sections of the interior in the vicin- ity of Spallumcheen river, near Mabel lake, is likely soon to be — opened out by H. W. Wright and others. Mr. Wright has had a good deal of experience in the lumbering business in — Maine and on the Sound, and is quite enthusiastic over the — prospects in this territory. He considers the territory rich in fine cedar, hemlock and pine. ‘s Robert Ward & Co., Ltd., large lumbermen, have had ren dered against them a decision that is said to be without prece- - dent in Canadian courts. Some time ago they had a ship — builder, John Clark, imprisoned for debt due them, which 1c could not pay. Civil action was afterwards taken against Clark and his partner Harrington for $8,000. Defence raised — the unique point that by seizing the person of the debtor plain- tiffs had taken the last recourse of the law, and all liabilities on defendant’s part had thereby been discharged. The court he'd the point well taken and ordered Clark’s release, purged of all responsibility for the debt. 4 NEw WESTMINSTER, B.C., April 16, 1895. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence Canapa LUMBERMAN.] Ts time has arrived when there ought to be a good deal of stir in lumber at this point. But business is opening slowly. Appearances would seem to indicate that there are large stocks of lumber on hand, but it is believed that most of it is simply waiting for shipment, and now that navigation is about opened it will be quickly removed. At Bay City it is said there is still a good deal of unsold lumber on the docks. Mills are pretty well at work, and it is believed, despite the dullness of trade in some respects, that a good season’s business will be done. The shingle market continues as dull as ever. The Saginaw Lumber & Salt Co. will not start its mills until about May Ist. James Norn will erect a new saw mill at Standish, on the site of the one recently destroyed by fire. Hemlock bark is quoted at Grand Rapids lower than at the opening of last season, the prevailing price being $7.25. Charters for the delivery of 600,000 feet of lumber have been made by Maltby & Co., of Detroit, to come from Tawas City. A crew of 30 men are now at work on the Menominee and tributaries getting things ready for the drives of the Menominee River Boom Co. A sale of 14 car loads of lumber has been made by W. W. Sutherland & Co. to Herberger & Schwander, piano manufac- turers, Paris, France. A number of other sales of hardwood for piano manufacture have been made in this district. The mills of A. T. Bliss, Central Lumber Co., and Bliss & Van Auken have started up for the season. There seems to be no difficulty in securing labor this year, as more men are apply- a ing than there is work for them to do. Wall & Weber’s mill will start at once, and others. : ‘ R. A. Loveland, R. H. Roys, D. L. White, Jr., and Ralph Loveland, have organized themselves into a company with a view of engaging in certain lumber operations. This is the — syndicate who recently purchased two berths from the Parry Sound Lumber Co., of Toronto. A number of firms are establishing branches at different points in Michigan, which is good evidence of its position as a distributing point. A recent firm to establish a yard here is — that of Crosby & Beckley, of New Haven, Conn., who have leased the Kimball & Merriman property, west side, which they will utilize as a distributing point for hardwood lumber. — Vessel men are not anxious to see navigation get into good swing too soon, as they say that a late opening will more cer- tainly ensure them better prices. There has not been much profit in connection with vessel business lately. It is believed — that freights from Bay City to Buffalo will open as low as $1.25. There will be a considerable addition to the tonnage of the Saginaw river this season, as ten boats are now being built at Bay City. The two ship yards are employing 1,000 men. SAGINAW, Micu., April 19, 1895. ‘id The J. C. McLaren Belting Company, of Montreal, is apply- ing for incorporation. The incorporators are David W. Mc- Laren, Mrs. A. Cummins Walker, Alexander Walker, B. S. Sharing, Joseph Ryan, and G. W. McDougall, all of Montreal. The capital stock is $99,000 May, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 THE HAWAIIAN TIMBER TRADE. “rn lumber trade in the Hawaiian Islands is monopo- lized by a few large dealers of Honolulu, on the Island of Oahu. A strong combination exists among the lumber dealers for the purpose of opposing any attempt to disturb their trade or prices. Each firm has its cus- tomers, most of whom are owners of sugar plantations; wherein the lumber dealer usually has some interest. No competitor ever tries to sell to the customers of another firm. As gradesand prices are the same in each yard, no customer feels inclined to change, except when “he cannot find the material wanted at the yard which he _ usually patronizes. Redwood is used very little, asa beetle about 1 in. Jong and % in. diameter, with its two horns, very easily sores into the redwood, and so quickly, that it is soon rendered useless for anything but fuel. Douglas fir seems to offer no gustatory attraction to this lumber eater, and therefore, and for other good reasons, the fir is mainly used. Ic stands the best of all woods, the ‘many differences in climate peculiar to the Hawaiian Is- Jands, where one side of the mountain -may get 150 to ‘780 inches of rain during the year, while the opposite slope may get hardly four inches. The forests of the Islands still occupy large areas of Jand, but the valuable woods were for the most part ex- perted during the early part of this century. Mr. Astor, of New York, is said to have made a substantial part of “his fortune at the Islands, when he bought for a drink of - liquor, the finest sannal-wood trees, and he kept up this wade untill the last tree was exported by him to India and elsewhere. ~ Among the few woods worth exporting is the Coa, but there are only a few trees left, and they are in places on the mountains, whence it would require more expense to transport them to a shipping point than ever could be made at the highest possible prices for the veneers cut from them. There grows in the forest of Hawaii one more hard- wood worthy of mentiom, named by the natives Ohia (pronounced o-bee-ah), but it is hardly to be considered a lumber tree, as when it begins to grow it divides itself into three trunks on the same stumps, and none of these divisions, or trees, are found measuring more that 10 in. in diameter. These triplets, however, are solidly con- nected up to 50 or 60 ft. from the ground, but each of them has its own heart, rarely, if ever, running in a straight line. The wood is very hard, and its color changes from olive, near the bark, to pink, near the heart. For small dimension stock, balusters, parquetry strips, narrow veneers for fine cabinet work, &c., it would be valuable. The ohia wood takes a very good finish. The bark of the ohia tree is very similar to that of the scaly-bark hickory. It surrounds the tree in a loose manner, growing tighter from the first branch upwards. The color of the bark is a little brighter than that of the scaly-bark hickory. A devoted friendship for lifetime is formed between the ohia tree and a beautiful vine that is worthy to be exemplified to humanity. This vine grows up with the ohia tree, envelopes trunk and sometimes part of its crown with its tendrils, foliage and magnificent blossoms, which are of the size and similar in colour to the pine-apple plant in sprouting season. When this vine is severed from its roots and dies, its friend, the ohia tree, sheds its dressy leaves and follows its lifelong com- -panion in the road to decomposition, from where is no _ return to former beauty. It is safe to say that nine-tenths of the area covered by _ forests on the Island of Hawaii is occupied by banana, _ guva and other shrubs, that propagate themselves so densely that it is impossible to enter their strongholds without chopping a trail. But even with this difficulty, the visit to such a jungle is very gratifying. No reptile or beast of prey has, ever since the Islands were known, made its appearance. Some cattle, donkeys, turkeys and other domestic animals have for many years wan- dered from their herds or flocks and inhabit the ridges of the forests, while birds of beautiful plumage enliven _the denser parts. To rest upon a banana leaf under the gorgeous domes of the fern trees, inhaling the balsamic air, purified and seasoned by millions of fragrant blos- ‘soms of magnificent colouring and peculiar shapes, en- ables us to separate our profane thoughts from the higher “spirits, to whom we in such surroundings gladly surren- der in worship. The mere reminiscence of an excursion undertaken with the assistance of two wood choppers, into an Hawaiian forest, recalls this happy feeling so vividly that one cannot refrain from dwelling in a few words upon the blessed sensation it affords, and princi- pally for the purpose of having companions among those readers, whose hearts and souls are not petrified by the profane dust accumulated during the monotonus daily hunt for business. Coffee planting is a new venture for the Hawaiian Is- lands, and the influx of planters from the eastern shores of the Pacific ocean has increased the demands for lum- ber and timber to be used in the construction of build- ings But lumbermen should be cautioned not to ship any lumber or timber to Hawaii before it is sold, less they should meet with the same experience over which a concern on Puget Sound has occasion to mourn. This concern last summer sent a vessel load of fine fir timber and’ lumber in charge of a manager to Honolulu, in an effort to break the combination of lumber dealers there and open that market for the general trade. After lying in Honolulu harbour with his unsold cargo for some weeks, the dealers of Honolulu took pity upon the “ skir- misher” and relieved him of his burden at $5 per 1,000 ft., which was less than the freight amounted to from Puget Sound. Freight rates range from $5 to $6 per 1,000 ft., the fluctuation depending upon the back freight, which is mainly sugar. This again lessens the chances of any new commer, as one firm controls all the sugar ship- ments, most of which the lumber dealers of Honolulu secure in time for their own vessels. Except in Honolulu, where several business blocks, Government buildings and private dwellings, are built of brick or stone, lumber is the material for all construction. Few houses are covered with shingles, most of the roofs being of corrugated iron. This has proved to be the best material for roofs in tropical countries. A swift conduc- tor of temperature, the iron exhales quickly, after the solar rays disappear, the heat that accumulates during day in it and under it in the building. The rain-water from corrugated iron roofs is also preferred for its clean- ness, and because in large districts the inhabitants are dependent on rain water for drinking and cooking. This fact reduces the demand for shingles to a mini- mum, while on the other hand a large demand for water tanks is created. Tanks area prior necessity to any other construction on a plantation, and are usually provided before the buildings arecommenced. Some ofthe tanks are imported from San Francisco, especially redwood tanks, which, when filled with water, are not attracted by the beetle. But mostof the tanks come from Puget Sound. Their sizes, 5 to 8 ft. in diameter, 6 to 12 ft. high, vary according to the sizes of the buildings. The staves are from 2% to3in. thick. Each tank or cistern rests upon atrestle of 6x6 or thicker fir timber, sufficiently high that water may flow by its gravity through pipes into the building. Large quantities of fir timber are also used in the Hawaiian Islands in the construction of water “ flows,” some of them many miles long, connecting sugar factories with their cane fields. Where a streamlet coming from the mountains permits of it, the water is led into a gutter or “flow” as they call it, made of fir boards tightly jointed to widths of from 4 ft. to 6ft., resting upon a strong trestle of fir timber and under a grade of from 10 to 30 degrees. After it is cut, the cane is thrown into the “flow,” carried swiftly down the incline to this aqueduct, and not only delivered at the rollers of the mill without further handling but at the same time with the water necessary for steam and other purposes in the factory. Several such aqueducts employ millions of feet of lumber, and consequently a capital in themselves. Dwellings on the Islands are built with large verandas, for there everybody spends most of his time when at home. Rooms are considered abodes for the night’s rest only, and many prefer to sleep, even at night on the verandas. These are usually of large size, 9 ft. to 16 ft. wide, and all around the house, which contains in its single story from six to twelve rooms. Thus the ver- anda requires about as much lumber as the house pro- per. In the construction of walks very little lumber 1s used. The trunks of fern trees furnish a material for this pur- pose which is far superior to lumber as it is unique. Ofa spongy texture, similar to the trunk of a date palm, the trunk of a fern tree permits of working it into any shape by little labor, while for many years the walks afford the comfort like that of walking over a Damascus rug. In rainy districts, these fern walks offer also the benefit of absorbing rapidly the rain water and to be comparative- ly dry, even if they are on a level with the fields or gar- dens. Owing to the lack of docks or other facilities for dis- charging freights in other ports of the Islands, besides Honolulu, the unloading of lumber is done primitively. These boards or timbers are hoisted overboard from the vessel in lots of about 1,500 ft. tied with a rope and dumped into the sea, where a crew in a row boat takes the raft in tow and outto shore. In Honolulu are docks to which the largest boats can go and discharge their cargoes. ENGINEERING NOTES. T is of course necessary to have a set of heavy fire tools in every boiler room for the purpose of hand- ling heavy fires, but there should also be a set of light tools there, for in many places the latter may be used to advantage during a large portion of the time, thus saving much labor on the part of the fireman. Do not compel him to use a hoe that weighs 75 pounds, more or less, to draw the ashes out of the ash pits, when a much lighter one will answer every purpose. When buying gaskets with which to pack man-hole or handhole covers on steam boilers, be careful to select those that are soft and tough, and not too thin, for the inside of the heads where these are to be used, and also the covers themselves are frequently anything but smooth and true, and the gaskets must “fill the gaps” as it were. It is a good idea to have extra man-hole cover guards on hand, so that if one is broken on Sunday or some holiday when it may be difficult to procure another, no loss of time will be necessary. Especially should this be attended to in plants that are located at a distance from foundries and machine shops. In case of accident to the feed pump, or any part of the boiler which makes it necessary to reduce the tem- perature at once, it 1s much better to cover the fire with damp ashes or fresh coal, rather than to attempt to draw it, for when a fire is disturbed it gives out an intense heat for a few minutes. It is a good idea to be as economical as possible in the use of oil, but it does not pay to attempt to run an engine with an insufficient quantity of cylinder oil, for not only will the cylinder be ruined, but you will use extra oil enough to much more than pay for all the cylinder oil needed. Always have a sight feed oiler located where it will drop oil on the piston rod as it travels back and forth, for it lessens friction, saves wear on the rod, and makes the packing last much longer. This applies to both fibrous and metallic piston rod packing. After cleaning boilers do not screw up the nuts on the man-hole and hand-hole covers any tighter than is nec- essary, for you may break the guards or dogs that hold the covers in place, and cause yourself much trouble. When wiping up the engine be constantly on the watch for loose set-screws, keys, nuts and pins, for by attend- ing to this simple matter, many an expensive shut down has been avoided. : When fitting grate bars to a furnace do not make them too tight a fit, for expansion by heat must be provided for, or else the bars or furnace will be ruined. Try gauge cocks often and keep them in perfect order, for you cannot tell how soon the gauge glass will leave you in thelurch, unless you have them to fall back on. Asbestos packing for valve stems and similar purposes is much improved for use by oiling it well with cylinder oil before putting it into place——Power and Transmis- sion. Leone nel Maitland, Rixon & Co., and John Harrison, of Owen Sound, Ont., have been given a contract to furnish about one million feet of.timber and plank for the new dock now being built at that place. The former firm have also secured the contract to supply the timber required for harbor improvements at Thessalon. 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ZINC WILL PREVENT SCALE. T is a well-known fact that zinc slabs suspended in steam boilers prevent the formation of scale, and large quantities are used annually for this purpose. The fol- lowing directions will enable one to use it successfully. The proportions necessary to insure complete protection are one square foot of zinc to fifty square feet of heating surface in new boilers, which may be diminished after a time to one in seventy-five or even one in one hundred square feet. Merely placing the zinc in trays, hangers or strips will not insure metallic contact, and the action of zinc to pre- vent corosion under such circumstances will be weak ard limited. The best method of fixing the zinc is to place a number of studs in the sides of the furnaces and com- bustion chambers, and to bolt on to these studs the zinc plates, which should be about 1ox6x1 inches. It is im- portanito see that the contact surfaces are clean and bright and the nut screwed close to the zinc to exclude the water and deposits from the contact surfaces, thus comparatively insulating them and preventing the gal- vanic action. Otherwise the zinc is acted upon as a solvent that venders the water innocuous or non-exciting. LONG DRIVING BELTS. A VERY bad habit in mills where there are large driving belts, is shifting belts with a square stick, no regular shifters being used. The result of this is the May, 1895 belts are more or less injured on the edges. All heavy — machines should be shifters to act so that they shift the belt over steadily, not putting too much strain on the driving belt too suddenly. Two pieces of gas pipe just large enough to revolve on round iron supports for shift- — ers will lessen the friction on the edges of heavy belts, as these pipes revolve while the belt is being shifted. It effects a great saving in long driving belts, in fact any belt at all, leather or rubber. While engaged in felling a tree at Midland, Ont., Charles Taylor, aged 20, met with an accident which resulted in his death. In falling the tree bounded back, the butt pinning him against a fallen log. He lived only two hours. LUMBERMEN’S * * SUPPLIES H. P. Eokards & 60. GAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. WHOLESALE GROCERS A call from buyers when in the city solicited. Letter orders have careful and prompt attention. SS PELEEREY TORONTO. rts = a i Ne i DAVIDSON & Wholesale Grocers HAY TORONTO => OMALL & FISHER 60, Ltd. ~ DODGEH~< SPLIT PULLEYS‘ox: SAW MILLS We make a special strong wood split pulley for saw mill use, and can supply it at much lower prices than iron. We guarantee every pulley—no chances to take. Write for prices. “Seem sssvro (OUI WOOd Split Pulley 60. Canada Atlantic Railway OTTAWA, ARNPRIOR AND PARRY SOUND RAILWAY OPERATING THE e Ottawa and New York Lumber Line - Ottawa and Boston Lumber Line - Canada Atlantic Fast Freight Line (Operating over the Grand Trunk, Central Vermont, and Boston and Maine Railways.) ———: SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE : For through rates, information and list of lumber dealers, apply to any officer of these lines or connections, or to -.»- FROM AND TO... e OTTAWA ARNPRIOR HAWKESBURY J R. A. CARTER M.A. OVERBND TORONTO MONTREAL BURLINGTON —— Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade Ontario Agent, Board Trade BUFFALO QUEBEC BOSTON NYA MONTREAL TORONTO DETROIT HALIFAS NEW YoREK e TONAWANDA PORTLAND ALBANY, &C. CAPT. J. H. WILLIAMS G. J. SMITH AND ALL POINTS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. 15 Lumber District, Albany, N. Y. General Freight Agent, Ottawa. P. S.—The opening of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa to the Georgian Bay, offers to the manufacturer and purchaser a new district not heretofore reached by any other line. M6 XXX. SaW GUMMEP and SHarpénr AAS NO RIVAL © FUR VARIETY, CAPACITY OR QUALITY OF WOR oo ORD BORE «i. SIMPLICITY, DURABILITY, CHEAPNESS — Will take saws from 6 inches to 6 feet diameter ; sets the saw forward one tooth at a time automatically ; sharpens any saw (rip or crosscut) perfectly, giving the teeth any desired pitch or bevel, and making all the teeth exactly alike. Will sharpen 20 teeth in an ordinary saw mill in one minute, or 1oo teeth in a shingle saw in four or five minutes. The cut shows outline of mill saw 54-inch diameter. GILMOUR & CO. Lumber Manufacturers and Dealers F. J. DRAKE, Belleville, Ont. : Dear Sir,—Your Patent Saw Sharpener is giving us good satisfaction. We average about 100,000 shingles per day, and sharpen the saws for both automatic and hand-feed machines with your Sharpener. As it keeps the teeth all perfectly uniform it must be easier on the ma- chine and sawyer too. It causes also a great saving in files. We now use only about one ten-inch file per week. Before putting in your machine we used about six per week. As re- gards your Improved ‘‘XXX” Shingle Packer—it works first-rate and is the only machine we could get that would press tight enough. We consider it the best we ever had. TRENTON, ONT., 26th August, 1891. i, = Bole Wee MANUFACTURED ONLY BY i. J.-D BELLEVILLE, OMe GILMOUR & CO. ) May, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FRONT - BACK = REAR View— it’s all the same—from Loo= N ...every point the... 8 Py Unrivalled — | S POR. Weight OUIMMetr ical Proportion samili|\( Rigid. Design Only Band with upper wheel in center of shaft and column. Only Band with both wheels hung inside of frame. mr yiil! Patent safety lower wheel removes all casting strain on wheel. Back View—New Allis Band. 0000000000000000000 /M EVERY POINT THE FAVORITE ea ! SR TAKEN FROM ACTUAL IMPRESSIONS | Place your orders early. S=> Correspondence solicited. i 1 IFROM SAWS j : i INADJOINING THREE Curs | ke "sence: WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. Heavy Saw Mill Machinery (Correspondence solicited. ens: KA SPECT ARI, ESGABLISAED 1844. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Mav, 1895 J. B. WALL, President. VINE CRANDALL, Vice-President. M. M. WALL, Treasurer. BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER CO. .» WHOLESALE: DEALERS. IN... % HARDWOOD LUMBER * ARTIES manufacturing or having for sale Birch, Maple a @ Basswood, Soft or Rock Elm, White or Brown Oraae ELK STREET doo biasidosoraieh derane wane he BUFFALO,N. Ye Annual Sales, 25,000,000 Feet. We have our own Salesmen in New York and New England. ai ml DONOGH & OLIVER (C= foe: Veneer, Planer and Paper oudsburg, The Tanite Co., WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Saeae ror an eton St Street. Og eee I BN Sc RS orl cw Ne Na CTURERS OF eee PURE OAK - TANNED ap sue LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES cs ale a | RATHER, FB BLTING Lumber, L.abli & SHINGIES TORONTO: 204-205 Board of Trade Building. 128 Queen Street BRAGCEBRIDGE, ONT. BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. CoS ¢ MONTREAL ae d R.+ WILLIAMS .- Soho Machine Works; TORGhraa a. MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN Co Saw Mill Machinery Shingle Mill Machinery | Hoop and Veneer Mill Machinery : Wood-working Machinery Iron-working Machinery H BLECTRIG LIGHT PLANTS. ELECTRIC MOTORS. ENGINES AND BOILERS OF ALL SIZES. SSS SPSS PSS SSS SSS Write for a Circular and Catalogue, mentioning thi 5 s advertisement. SLT OT aN TL PE FRE EGR pO STORTEVANT : DRY : KILN ? PLANTS EXCEL ALL OTHERS IN EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY. SEND FOR SPECIAL STURTEVANT DRY KILN CATALOGUES. ay R. WILLIAMS Soho Machine Works TORONTO eae ye Pee” ee fi mom ill il ! Ib -m% a GOCORERR, a erone ' Nuneen 6 TORONTO, ONT. JUNB, 1895 4 Single Copies, x0 Cents INSUSE BN Meo. | Sacime Gea veri raseimt> High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, F lour-mill AD ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS — WIAGNOLIA METAL CO. mittee LONDON OFFICE : 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET * % N EW yo RR Cho OEE PEERS PEN men a co., AGENTS 74 Cortlanct St, ) —4— THE —_> “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE Tue SU TOM ee "The Morse” is the only machine in the market that ae INJ ECTOR wi a will reface Steam Valves in position. Should be in every Lumber Mill JET PUMPS.. WATER GAGES 85 OOO Engineers have OIL CUPS ’ used it, and de- ARE THE BEST CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. ewes rowel, PENBERTHY INJECTOR 60. DETROIT, MICH. 3,000 MAGHINES IN USE. clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHBRS . SOLE MANUFACTURERS . «Reliance Works,” - MONTREAL. | $00090OO0O09000O00000000000000 02 c. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND $ What do you do 3 © — © John Bertram SL So ns J L GOOdKIUC & 60 © when the Band Saws Break ? 9 CANADA TOOL WORKS oe ‘ 4 Why, Solder them, of course 8 DUNDAS - ONTARIO. AN URE CEURERS OF S We supply a tough quality of silver solder > ——_ SOO rolled thin for this work. Price, $1.00 Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING cece } g per oz. Troy. 4 write us for prices. Have several we will AND © jee ee 4 dispose of at a bargain. LACE LEATHER < P. W. ELLIS & £0. AB. A : TORONTO Pe : : anufacturing Jewelers CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. . © ro | : Danville, Que $OOO0090000009000090000090000 009 =e aes SEEE Bag Fl aaa fy WY eR j=: Circular and Long Saws DS SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY > .. AND... THE “BURNS” CROSS-CUT SAW HANDLE The Strongest, Most Durable and Easily Adjusted Handle ever invented. PATENTED JUNE 26, 1893 © ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCAANT FOR iT ‘Mt ieee Wea tee ey A iy a a oe 4 bs roe aaah oie at NN ho idea Mi fae Rey : : Pye Z ea i) - dad at ‘ h THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Ju at mn NE, 1895 JAE NEW PRESGOTT [Dn LOA E===nB SET Sle fl l iH : MM { | ; i), Se / | i- 77 : AAA i if LAA SS 0 os 57 i 2 Bess (8) Hi i a Il ae IIT es a AN score eeeTRETITINTTNT HEMT SSS ee EBA zA S——_ aati eT ill TN Ic \ I = iff tj Ip Still \\ MWA Suit KY | (ta i ILTON MEG. CO. LTD. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. Branch Office: Vancouver, B.C. 4 ~~ ae T2 CAN ADA LUMBERMAN VotumE XVI. NuMBER 6. TORONTO, ONT., JUNB, 1895 ) Terms, $1.00 Per YEAR | Single Copies, ro Cents. CHARACTER SKETCH. J. R. BOOTH. “ The Truest Wisdom is a Resolute determination.” —Napoleon. EW pages of history are more fascinating than those which tell of the achievements of men born in humble circumstances and against whom there would seem to have been arrayed insurmountable difficulties. In the story of such lives is found easy demonstration of the old saying, that truth is stranger than fiction. No ro- mance is half so romantic as a memoir of these world’s conquerors. One finds in the life of Mr. J. R. Booth, of Ottawa, who is credited with having been the owner and opera- tor of the largest saw mill in the world, few incidents that can be weaved into a biographical sketch. His biography is written in deeds, not words. With one of old he might say, “It is not what I am, but what I have done—that is my kingdom ;” or as one of the world’s greatest poets has observed : ‘It is not in mortals to command success ; We will do more—deserve it.” Mr. Booth was born in humble circumstances. At one time he was owner of a very small piece of land. To-day he is believed to be the largest property holder in the city of Ottawa, outside of the Government. His larger holdings, however, and those which have brought him wealth and fame, are his great timber interests, and the extensive saw mills he has owned and operated in the Ottawa district. Mr. Booth’s big mill, which the record has declared was the largest saw mill in the world, was, as is well known to LUMBERMAN readers, destroyed by fire about twelve months since. It was a property of which the owner had good reason to be proud. The mill was most perfectly equipped, with modern machinery, con- taining alone 14 large band saws, and capable of cutting over 1,000,000 feet per day. Not alone did the destruc- tion of this mill by fire prove a serious loss to Mr. Booth, but in some respects the loss to the city of Ottawa, and its commercial interests was even greater, for how completely is the prosperity of a community associated with the success and individual effort of its most enter- prising citizens. Whether Mr. Booth will at some future time rebuild his mill, no one can at this time say. The water by which it was driven is derived from the Chau- diere Falls, in which is found a most valuable asset, that will before long, no doubt, be utilized for commer- cial purposes, either by its owner or some one else. Some two or three years ago Mr. Booth purchased the well-known Perley & Pattee mill, and shortly after remodelled it, and made it one of the most completely equipped mills on the Chaudiere. The two mills to- gether were estimated to cut 165,000,000 feet per year. Operations for the season on the present mill were com- menced about a fortnight ago, employment being given to fully one thousand men. As we have taken eccasion to note in our editorial pages, a commendable step was taken by Mr. Booth this season in fixing the day’s labor at ten hours in place of eleven, as in former years, the same wages being paid for the shorter day. The activities of Mr. Booth have been developed in late years in the building of the Canada Atlantic Rail- way, of which he is one of the largest shareholders. This road has proven of immeasurable help to lumber exporters in the Ottawa district. A valuable adjunct to the Canada Atlantic is the Ottawa and Parry Sound Railway, which is now nearly completed, connecting ~ Ottawa with important lumber districts in the interior, the construction of which is due to Mr. Booth’s enter- prise, and has been carried through with his well-recog- nized business ability and energy. The subject of our sketch is without ambitions in the direction of public office. One of the wealthiest and most esteemed citizens of the Capital, responsibilities and honors in a public way would be willingly placed upon his shoulders, but to all such suggestions he has ever given a decided “No.” Modest and retiring in disposition, he prefers to stick closely to his business, erecting there a monument that will carry with it per- sonal gain to himself, but likewise a still greater gain to the community that has been fortunate enough to enlist his citizenship and generous good-will. —$_—$—_———————— 5 WASTE OF FILES. ap OU SAN of dollars’ worth of files are annually used among wood-working shops, and nineteen- twentieths of this amount are lost or thrown away, after the teeth become dull. There are several ways of utiliz- ing worn-out files by recutting or partially recutting the Mr. J. R. Booru. teeth. The acid process pops up periodically. It con- sists merely of treating the files to a solution of soda or potash to remove the pitch, grease, etc., from the teeth. After this treatment they are immersed in diluted sul- phuric acid, laid on one side for a few honrs, then cleaned of the acid, thoroughly washed and oiled ; the action of the acid sharpens the teeth, so that there is quite a little | cut to the file thus treated, but it does not last long ; the file gets dull again very quickly, showing that the acid process gives only temporary benefit. Files may be re- turned to the maker, the teeth ground off, and recut, at a cost of about fifty per cent. of the original price of the file. A worn-out file may be cleaned of grease, dirt, &c., between the teeth, then laid one side several weeks, when it will be found much sharper than when laid away. This result is due to the action of the atmos- phere, which seems to dissolve in a manner similar to, but much less, than the acid process, the points of the teeth. Like the acid process, the benefits derived are not lasting. The machinery for Messrs. Mason & Sons’ mill, of which mention was made in the LUMBERMAN for May, was furnished by the Waterous Co., of Brantford. Bryer He WAY. N response to a letter from the CANADA LUMBERMAN, Mr. J. Arthur Maguire, Consul-General in Canada, for the Argentine Republic, and who is at present in South America, writes as follows from Buenos Ayres, giving important information, touching the changes re- cently made in the lumber tariff of that conntiy. He says: “The cuties on the different classes of lumber now stand as follows: Pitch pine, $4.65 Argentine gold, per 100 cub: meters. White pine, $5.43. Spruce, $3.88. -“QOne hundred cubic meters equal 929 sup. feet, B. M. The reduction of about $5 per 1,000 feet on pitch pine will have a bad effect on spruce shipments, as first named wood can be bought as cheaply, if not more so, than spruce, and, at the same time, is preferred for al- most all purposes. The duty on spruce has been slight- ly decreased, and I fear that a great falling off in the use of white pine, will be the result. The market here, is very largely stocked with last year’s shipments of white pine from Montreal, nearly all of which remains in store. I may add that the difference between Canacian and Argentine gold is, roughly speaking, 3% per cent., that is to say, the Argentine dollar is worth about 96% cents Canadian.” Sar KOK X: THE approach of the summer season creates in the breasts of lumbermen fear of losses by fire. Indeed, forest fires have already shown themselves in some quarters, more particularly for the moment in certain parts of Quebec. The situation suggests the necessity for the utmost precaution on the part of individual lumbermen themselves, who are so vitally interested, and the government. The view has been expressed by Mr. W. C. Edwards, the large Ottawa lumberman, that ten times more Jumberhas been destroyed by fire than has ever been cut by the lumberman’s axe. When we remember what the cut of lumber in this country has amounted to, the thought is a terrible one to entertain. The direct financial loss is something enormous. Mr. Peter White, Speaker of the House of Commons, and one of the old- est lumbermen of the country, has observed that forest fires along the Upper Ottawa occur between May and August, and he has made the suggestion to prohibit the starting of fires for clearing or other purposes within those four months. Out of thirty years’ experience he has come to the conclusion that most of the bush fires have been the work of fishermen and huaters, who not only destroy valuable timber, property of the public, but also the shanty and material of the lumbermen. These are reasons, good and sufficient, strong in the strongest sense of the term, for governments taking the most vig- orous measures to prevent forest fires. The Ontario government is farther ahead in this respect than the governments of any other province in the Dominicn, and a long way ahead of the United States. But what Ontario has accomplished by its system of fire rangers, simply furnishes argument for further strengthening that department of crown lands management. Other local governments, and the government at Ottawa, should not allow any time to be lost in placing regula- tions on the statutes that will work to this same preser- vative end. The destruction of the forests by fire works back on the lumber industry in many differ- ent ways. To take the case of Minnesota, of last year. The trouble has not ended with the direct losses sustained at that time. But when the standing timber is destroyed, in order that what remains burned may not be a total loss, it must be cut at once to save it from destruction by worms. This means, as it does with Minnesota, an abnormal cut of lumber, which is sure to effect the lumber situation in some of its branches. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN TIMBER OF CANADA. INTERESTING ADDRESS By Hon. J. K. Warp, OF Montreal, Que. |e ee the Natural History Society, of Montreal, a fortnight since, Hon. J. K. Ward, one of the veteran lumbermen of Canada, delivered an exceed- ingly instructive address. Business-like he launched into his subject as follows: “I do not purpose on this occasion to take up much of your time with preliminary remarks, other than to say that, having received my education, in the work shop and the woods, on the drive and in the saw mill, I will flatter myself that you will think with me that this is sufficient reason why I should not attempt to address the learned, but if I can succeed in imparting a few practical ideas in regard to economizing our supply of commercial timber, I will feel that my effort has not been in vain. My aim will be to speak only of what it has been my fortune to learn in the rough school of experience. I will proceed with my paper on the lumber industry of the Dominion in the following order : First, the quantity of lumber manufactured, and the extent of territory on which it is made, and whence our future supply is to be derived. Secondly, the importance of this tradé in a commer- cial and economic point of view. Next, some points in its history, and a short notice of some of those men who have taken a prominent part in developing the trade. The figures as to area and quantities are given approxi- mately, as I consider it is extremely difficult to estimate the quantity of good timber on such a vast territory as Canada. I have never seen two lumbermen agree as to what a single limit of 50 miles contains. In my exper- tence of 50 years I have known men who could find nothing on a limit worth going after, while others have worked and done well on the same territory. There are about 6,000 sawmills in the Dominion, employing during the season of, say, 150 days, not less than 15,000 men in and around the mills, sawing, piling, shipping, etc. In the woods during winter, getting out the logs and timber, and river driving, there are about the same num- ber. Six thausand mills, averaging 400,000 ft. per season, makes up the apparent output of all the mills. This quantity is sawed in a single day by some of the larger mills, while many of the smaller mills do not turn out 200,000 in the season. The difference in the apparent output of the mills—that is, 2,500 million—and _ that re- turned as cut on public lands is made up as taken off private lands and the Crown Lands of Nova Scotia, of which we have no returns. The area under license in the different provinces is about 100,000 square miles, yielding annually (1893) about 2,500 million feet b. m. of sawed lumber, pine and spruce principally, and hewn timber divided as follows among the different provinces : Ontario—7,140,000 logs, producing 728,000,000 feet b. m., principally pine ; 40,000 pieces white and red pine, 42,000,000 feet b. m.; 133,000 pcs boom timber, 2,000,000 feet b.m.; average size of pine and spruce logs, 90 feet ; ordinary revenue, $939,000.00 ; ex bonus, $958,000.00 ; area under license, 21,500 miles; area unoccupied, 17,000 miles. Quebec—Area under license, 48,000 miles, producing spruce and pine logs, 6,170,000, equalling 683,000,000 feet b.m.; producing pine, spruce and birch timber, 18,500,000 feet b.m.; railroad ties and other wood, 22,500 pieces, 12,000,000 feet b.m.; pulp cedar, etc., 10,000 cords ; revenue, $892,000, New Brunswick—Area under license, 6,000 miles, producing pine and spruce logs, 87,000,000 b. m.; hem- lock logs, 7,000,000 b. m.; cedar, 14 000,000 b. m.; tama- rac, 1,400,000 b.m.; 14,700 cubic feet pine and hard- wood timber, 176,400 b. m.; 12,000 boom sticks, 240,000 b, m.; revenue and bonus, 102,000. Area under lease, 1,200 miles, pro- ducing 80,000,000 b. m. fir and cedar ; 10,000,000 cedar shingles. The timbet produced in British Columbia being so much larger than is found in the east requires a very different equipment to handle it than is used in this part of the country. Manitoba and territories—Area under license, 2,200 miles, producing pine and spruce logs, 24,000,000 feet lumberman’s axe. b. m.; 10,000 railroad ties, 320,000 feet b. m.; shingles ; 5,000,000 laths ; revenue, $70,000. Large as the foregoing is, it only forms one-quarter of the sawn lumber received in Great Britain, and one- sixteenth of the timber, the great proportion being the product of the north of Europe and Southern States. While not an alarmist as to our supply of pine timber, I cannot but consider the wanton waste of it a sin, when so much good lumber has been and is being thrown away. A mistake is made by our mill men in not having more sawing capacity than the fast mills now in use possess, sawing, as they do, in 12 hours 40,000 or 50,000 feet with one circular saw. Too much haste is required to do this, when more money might be gct out of the same logs, by employing two sets of saws, with the necessary trimming machinery, and doing the work with less speed. It does seem as if the lumbermen of the past, as well as many of the present day, entertained the idea that the supply of pine in Canada was inexhaustible and were anxious to get rid of it as quickly as possible. With our vast amount of hardwood, which is fast com- ing into use, with the facilities of getting it to market, as well as the modern machinery for manipulating it, along with the great quantity of wood supply, said to be in British Columbia, all this, with the natural increase, it fire can be kept at bay, we can reasonably conclude that the end of our forest supply is a good way off. When that time comes I hope a substitute will be found. The carrying trade and commerce is largely indebted to the forest. There is more tonnage employed on the St. Lawrence and canals in conveying lumber and timber to market than on any other commodity. Que- bec was once the greatest timber and ship building port in the world. Forty years ago as many as forty to fifty ships were built in a single year. Now there is not one. In years gone by as many as 600 sailing ships visited the port in the spring and fall, taking away 300,000,000 feet b. m. of timber and lumber, as much as 18,000,000 cubic feet of square timber were shipped in a season. Last season about 3,000,000. Its once famous coves and wharves are deserted and falling to pieces, most of the pine deal business being done at Montreal that was formerly transacted at Quebec.” 2,000,000 SUGGESTIONS FOR FOREST PRESERVATION. Mr. Ward emphasized the necessity of preserving the forests from fire, quoting at length from Hon. Peter White on the question. Continuing the lecturer said: “Tn selling lands to settlers, I would make it a condition of sale that 20 acres in every 100 should be given free and that it Should be forever kept as woodland. To the uninitiated, travelling through the woods after the shantymen have taken all they think worth taking, he would hardly notice that the chopper had been there, except for seeing an occasional stump, a few chips, or a top of a tree, the great bulk of the timber remaining to hold back the water in its natural beds, and to prevent sudden rises and falls in the rivers, which oftentimes cause serious damage by overflowing the banks or be- coming so low that they refuse to do the work they once performed with ease. To avoid these troubles and have our country remain well wooded for many years, it is but necessary to give the trees indigenous to it, leave to grow, and there will be no necessity to plant. I have no doubt but that much of the land that has been de- nuded of its timber would in a very few years be covered with a spontaneous growth of wood, and so prevent our country from becoming an arid waste, by utilizing only that portion of it which can be profitably worked. To an inexperienced eye there may be hardly an evi- dence at first glance of the disappearance of the pine. The hardwoods with which the pine is interspersed are usually left standing to a considerable extent, and so are the smaller pine, so that even a well cut country will still lock splendidly wooded. No doubt the time will come when it will be carefully re-cropped. But the commercial value is largely gone, and with it the natural desirability, for the cutting of the pine greatly lessens the value of the woods as vast reservoirs, holding the snows in spring and the rains of summer, so as to feed steadily the innumerable streams of the water sheds. Consequently, spring floods and summer droughts for the cleared lands in the valleys follow close on the A certain amount of attention has Junz, 1895 ’ been aroused by the rapid retirement of the pine. Some political action has been taken. Bad as the axe is, fire is worse. The Ontario Government has recently at- tempted to enforce strict precautions against fire, and it has also appropriated as a provincial park an enormous ~ reserve near Lake Nipissing, thirteen hundred square miles, of which nine hundred are pine timber, situated on one of the chief natural watersheds of the province. But a great deal more than this is necessary if the Canadian pine forests are not soon to disappear like the tracts of Maine. We cannot urge too strongly on the government to set apart all lands not suitable for making a decent home for the settler. Much of the land that they are tempted to go on is not worth the trouble of clearing ; it is only the presence of the lumberman, in many cases, that enables him to exist. The question of revenue is of importance, as well as other considerations in not destroying the forests and the country of its principal source of wealih. The product of the forest is disposed of about as follows : Exported sawn lumber and timber..... ....... $24,000,000 260 million feet b m sawlogs................. 208,000 Railroad ties, pulpwood, bark................ 27,000,000 The first timber shipped to Europe from Canada was sent from Quebec to Larocelle by Talonin 1667. Lieut. Hocquart shipped timber and boards to Rochefort in 1735. In 1823, 300 cargoes were shipped from Quebec. REMINISCENCES OF THE LUMBER TRADE. In the early part of the present century the Mont- morency mills were established by a Mr, Usboirne. Mr. Peter Patterson, a ship carpenter by trade, who had spent some time in Russia, became an employe of Mr. Usboirne’s, and finally proprietor of the property, and became one of the largest manufacturers of lumber in Canada. Sir Jobn Caldwell established mills at Riviere- du-Loup en Bas and at Etchemin. The late William Price, father of the Hon. J. Price, of Quebec, established large mills at Chicoutimi, St. Alexis, L’Anse-St. Jean, St. Etienne, Batiscan, Matane and many other places, leaving an immense business to his sons, which is now conducted by the son before named. Thelate Allan Gil- mour, and relations of the same name, carried on for many years a large business on the North Nation, the Gati- neau and Mississippi (Canada), and at Trenton, Ont., the younger branches of the family continuing the business. Philomene Wright, one of the first lumbermen on the Ottawa river, came from Woburn, Mass., in the United States, arriving at the Chaudiere Falls—or the Asticou, as called by the Indians—as early as the year 1796. It was not till 1797 that he finally decided to make his home in Canada, and on the 20th of October 1799, he and two companions pitched upon the site of the future city of Hull. He finally quitted Woburn for Canada on the 2nd of February, 1800. He was accompanied by five families, and had in his train fourteen horses, eight oxen and seven sleighs. The first tree was felled on the site of the homestead on the 7th of March, of the same year. He brought the first square timber from the Ot- tawa to Quebec in the year 1807. He built the first slide on the Hull side of the river in 1829. He was elected the first member to represent the County of Ottawa in 1830. He died in 1839, and sleeps, an honored mem- ory, in the little cemetery on the Aylmer road. Philo- mene Wright built his first saw and grist mills in 1808 ; _ they were, unfortunately, burned down, but were rebuilt in 60 days. About eighteen years prior to this the first saw mill on the Ottawa had been built at Point Fortune, by a Mr. Story. It boasted one upright saw, and it is recorded that when the man in charge gigged back the carriage for a fresh cut, he would sit down on the log to take his dinner, and was about through by the time the cut was finished. With our present saws a= same can be done in four seconds. Among our successful lumbermen have been the late James McLaren, of Buckingham ; Peter McLaren, of Perth ; Bronson, Weston & Co., Perley & Patee, J. R. Booth, Alex. Fraser, of Westmeath ; W. Mackey, and the ite firm of Hamilton Bros., whose father was one of the first in the trade at Hawkeiewe Ont. Many others have taken an active part in the business, with more or less success. West of the Rocky Mountains, Canada, contains vast _three or four feet long. June, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ‘ quantities of valuable timber, the manufacture of which is rapidly increasing, to meet the wants of the Pacific coast and islands. Much of this lumber will find its way east to the treeless prairies. As to Canadian’s method of lumbering, when circum- stances will permit, we pile or skid before the snow becomes too deep. When the snow is deep we draw direct from the stump to the lake or river. Our style of living in the shanty, and, in fact, the building itself dif- fers in the various parts of the country. Until very re- cently, particularly in the lower St. Lawrence, the fare of the shantyman was very primitive, the commonest tea being quite a luxury, and the only variety in the bil of fare was that it consisted of pea soup, bread, pork and beans for dinner, the same, with the addition of tea for supper, and either, less the pea soup, for breakfast. On the St. Maurice, for many years, the living has been good and substantial, with comfortable shanties provided with stove, tables and bunks, the cooking being usually done inan outside compartment. The shantyman’s conditions however, is improving with the times. Our shantymen, whether English or French, as a rule, are as good axemen, and expert drivers and canoemen, as can be found in any country. Our people are well up in dam building, as well as in making slides and clear- ing away the rivers to facilitate drivmg. Our rivers, as a general thing, being very precipitous and rapid, re- quire extensive improvements, especially for the running of square timber. Mr. Hale, of Sherbrooke, gave an amusing history of a stick at the Forestry Congress in this city in 1882: “ As an example of the far-reaching benefit of arboricul- ture, I will give the history of probably the first import- ation of any new variety of tree ever made into the eas- tern townships. Many years ago a ‘solitary horseman might have been seen wending his way from the cen- tral part of Vermont, bearing in his hand a riding stick broken from a tree as he left his home. His destination was Lennoxville, and in due course of time he arrived, and taking up his abode at a farmhouse about one mile east of the village, stuck his now useless switch in the ground. Like Aaron’s rod, in due time it budded and grew apace—a scion of the the then unknown white wil- low. From this little stranger have come all the original magnificent trees, for which Lennoxville and the sur- rounding country, have been so long and so justly fam- ous, and which have done so much towards clothing the country sides for miles around, with its rich and luxuriant foliage ; into many other towns and villages have they spread, until the offspring of this embryotic willow might be numbered by the thcusands.” TWO CANADIAN WOODs. I can hardly let the occasion pass without a reference to two of our woods, the first because of its usefulness tothe poor aborigine, whose heritage we possess ; it served to cover his wigwam, and was the material for his canoe, to aid locomotion; the latter, the great wood of commerce. — The white birch, or boleau, has within a few years be- come of some value when found within easy reach, hav- ing been turned to account for the manufacture of spools and spool wood for thiead makers, the white part of the wood only being used. It is made into squares, vary- ing from one inch, in eighths, to say, two inches, and Many shiploads have been ship- edto England and Scotland the past few years, princi- pally from the lower St. Lawrence. The red, or heart, being worthless to the spoolmakers, either used as fire wood or left to rot. There are vast quantities of this wood 1n the interior too far from navigation or rail to be of any value. It is mostly found on poor soil, mixed with balsam, small spruce and cedar. It makes good firewood when dry. The bark 1s useful to the Indian for the making of his canoe ; the vessel for retaining the sap of the maple ; his drinking cup and the cover of his wigwam. The yellow birch provides a cough remedy _ by boiling the sap down to a syrup ; and, lastly, though not least, it furnishes the proverbial birch-rod, which, though almost obsolete, sometimes does good service, even in these days of advanced ideas. Vast quantities ot the dwarf or black birch have been used as withes in rafting logs, some concerns using as many as thirty or forty thousand in a season, each of them representing a young tree ; but little of this is done at present. We now come to what every lumberman considers the king of the forest, in grandeur, usefullness and value, the white or cork pine, or pinus strobus of the scientists, the tree of all others that serves more purposes than we can énumerate. Among them the tiny match, the mast for the great ship, the frame of the sweet sounding piano, and wherever a soft, easy-working wood is wanted, either in the arts, the workshop, or the factory, there it isto be found. As an article of commerce, it far surpasses in value and quantity that of any other wood, if not of all sorts put together. It supplies more freight for vessels coming into the St. Lawrence than any other commodity ; it gives more employment to wage-earning men than any industry in our country, except agriculture. It em- ploys more capital in manipulating it from the time the men leave for the woods in the fall, to make, haul and drive the logs and timber to the mills—the building of mills for sawing, the construction of barges and steam- boats to convey it to market, as well as the large amount of freight furnished to railroads, the erection of factories to convert it to the various uses to which it is put. It is safe to sav, that the value of the output of pine lumber alone, produced in Canada, is at least $25,000,000, or two and a half times as much as that of any other manu- facturing industry ; and, when we consider that 60 per cent. 1s paid for labor, and that, neaily all to men, re- presenting a large population, you can readily see how important it is, either by legislation or otherwise, to pro- tect and conserve the source of this great factor in our prosperty. How can we extol sufficiently this monarch of the forest that we are so much indebted to? The tree when growing 1 the open country is of little or no value, except as a shade tree, its literal branches reaching al- most to the ground, it is in the dense forest we have to look for the great tree of commerce, where nature acts the pruner. There the branches decay and drop off, the trunk shoots upward high above its neighbors, seek- ing that which it was deprived of below—light and air. By this action of nature we get our clear pine, so much prized by mechanics. As the branches drop off, the wood grows over them, and we get the stately tree carry- ing its size well up, and often attaining 60 or 70 feet to the branches. I once saw a tree that measured 4o inches in diameter 70 feet from the ground, without a knot or defect visible in this space. Naturally, however, it is very rare to get a log or the best of timber without finding knots or defects as you get near the heart, the remains of the dead branches that fell off during the tree’s youth. My experience teaches me that white pine is of slow growth. The smallest trees that ought to be taken for saw logs or timber should be at least fourteen inches at the butt. This would take not less than fifty years to produce, and such a tree as L have be- fore described as much as one hundred and fifty ; more than three inches in twenty years. Large grooves of pine are usually found on poor light soil, I think, conse- quently, that the bulk of the pine found under such cir- cumstances is apt to be punky or defective for the want —so to speak—of nourishment. The best pine is usually found on stronger soil mixed with hardwood. It is un- pleasant to contemplate the want of this valuable timber. Once gone it is gone forever, and cannot be reproducea in our or our children’s time, as unlike mineral or the other products of the soil, the quantity produced from these are limited by the amount of labor employed in producing them. Perhaps, however, time will find a substitute in some artificial wood, or employ metal to take its place. OTHER CANADIAN WOODS. Hardwoods, to which I will briefly refer, that were once almost discarded, except for burning, are coming largely into use in consequence of the improved wood- working machinery that has been devised of late years, making the woik of preparing and completing joiner work much more simple and easy than it was to do the same thing in pine when I served my time over 50 years ago, and when flooring, mortising, tenoning, sticking mouldings out of dry spruce with hard knots, was done by hand. The facilities also for reaching hardwoods and getting them to market will help to make up for the loss of this favorite material, which, I hope, is yet a long way off. I might say before closing this part of my subject that the magnificent cedar of British Columbia will, no doubt, largely take the place of white pine for joiner-work. The Douglas fir will be a valuable substt- tute for our coarser woods, when they become scarce and high in price. A lumberman’s life is not passed on a bed of roses, yet there is a charm about it to those who have the stamina to endure its hardships, and enjoy its excitements, that is not easily forgotten. Who, that has followed it, can forget the log drive from early morn to sun-down, kedging across the lake to the tune of the chanteur, or breaking the jam in the roaring cascade, whose noise is drowned by the yells and shouts of the crew on seeing the great mass move off, each great log as it were, trying to get ahead of its neighbor, until they reach still water. What excitement after the risk run and efforts made! Old lumbermen can and do look back to such scenes with much pride. What other busi- ness has so many contingencies connected with it, apart from the ordinary mishaps in trade?—sometimes too much snow, other times too little. On other occasions the ice or the floods carry away his booms and scatter the logs, to be often stolen by land pirates, who will secret his property, and annoy him in trying to find it. As to the utility of the forest, though it may not attract the rain or influence its downfall, there can be no doubt as to its regulating the flowing of the waters by holding them back in the glades and swamps, sheltering the land from the fierce rays of the sun, preventing rapid evapora: tion to a great extent, and thus preventing oftentimes damaging floods and dried up streams. For the reasons advanced does it not behoove us to use our influence to bring about such legislation as will have the effect of preserving and protecting our forests, on which so much depends.” In concluding his address, Mr. Ward said that on the 15th of April last was the fiftieth anniversary of his en- trance into a sawmill to work. THE GAS ENGINE AND THE STEAM ENGINE JOINED. EFERRING to the discussion of the gas engine question, a prominent engineer remarked in con- versation that he failed to see why the gas engine and the steam engine should not be compounded, so to speak. He put the case something in this manner: In the gas engine one of the problems is to keep the cylin- der reasonably cool, and in the steam engine to keep the cylinder hot. Now, suppose we have a gas engine running and jacket its cylinder with water, whichis then used for boiler-feed water, thus saving the heat which is now thrown away.’ Then take the exhaust from the gas engine through the jacket of the steam cylinder, and, if necessary, as it probably would be, add a heating chamber. for the steam to pass through just before reaching the cylinder, so that more heating force could be employed. Two such engines adapted to each other would probably mean a relatively small gas engine and a steam engine large enough to carry all the load in case the gas engine refused to work for any reason, and, arranged in this way, each would supplement the other so far as the proper distribution of heat is concerned. The proposition is a novel one, and there is a chance to do some thinking over it. Possibly someone may be so situated as to make it easy to try the plan and let us know the results.—American Machinist. DAMAGE TO CHIMNEYS BY LIGHTNING. N investigation was recently carried on in Germany, by C. Carlo, upon the subject of the damage done by lightning to chimneys, both with and without light- ning conductors. From a study of twenty-four cases, he draws the following conclusions : 1. Lightning very seldom strikes a chimney in such a way as to leave any perceptible effect. 2. The damage done by lightning to chimneys ts in most cases inconsiderable ; only in one case wasa chim- ney actually destroyed, and in four cases only was the damage so great that it was necessary to pull the chim- neys down. 3. Lightning strikes chimneys both with ana without lightning conductors ; the latter appear, however, to be struck oftener than the former. Of the cases reported on, two were with and fifteen without lightning conduct- ors ; in four cases it was not definitely known whether a conductor was in position or not. 4. In low, marshy grounds, lightning flashes seem to occur more often than in high and dry neighborhoods. 5. In one case only has lightning struck a steam boiler so as to necessitate repair. or Oe a ee eee THE CANADA LUMBERMAN LE* PUBLISHED ON THF FIRST OF EACH MONTH i | Cc. HEH. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION : One Copy One Year, in advance sc. ctacs nec sc1.tarstensaprecsdainsicie $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ................cseeecuseeee 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LUMBERMAN is published in the intcr-_ts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughc1t the Domin’ . being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the cuuumerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all sul jects touching these interests, discussing thesc topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr’ * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanaDA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the CanaDA Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. WARNING eee and advertisers are hereby warned not to pay money on account of this journal other than to our duly authorized agents, who are provided with our official form of receipt. This official receipt is the only one which will be recognized in the ease of money paid to ecol- lectors. WHITE PINE PROBLEMS. THAT business is constantly undergoing changes, is evident to the most unobservant. The lumber trade is no exception. Take white pine: It was not many years since it was king ofalltimbers. It still holds much supremacy in the lumber market, but the sway that it held a few years ago, if not shortened, has to be main- tained by constant fighting and eternal vigilance. For some years yellow pine has been encroaching on the field hitherto controlled by white pine. The nature of the two woods is not in every way identical. For many purposes yellow pine will never fill, with satisfac- tion, the place occupied by white pine. Where, how- ever, competition could not be met on the grounds of merit, a reduction in price was made to further the in- terests of this southern wood. And in times of depres- sion, such as all countries have suffered for years past, not only is it the tendency, but the necessity becomes strong for customers to satisfy themselves with an in- ferior article, when it means a saving in cost. This was the card played by southern lumbermen. They were sell- ing lumber practically at aloss, but they had gieat quantities of lumber to sell, and they were playing for future trade. Having in a measure, at least, secured the desired end, the price of yellow pine has now been ad- vanced. On the other hand, white pine, though not de- clining to a degree to affect the market, does not take on that measure of strength, that would indicate any importani advance in price. White pine owes its present dullness, however, to something more than competition with yellow pine. Dulnth lumber has been working its way into the eastern markets for some time, and following on somewhat similar lines to the southern lumbermen, there has been a dis- position to figure prices below a current market basis. This year pine from Lake Superior is cutting an import- ant figure in the market. In Saginaw, we are told, that Norway bill stuff held there at $8 to $8.50, is selling at Lake Superior points at $7. A result is that factory men in that State are buying their lumber in Duluth, and shipping it into Michigan, claiming that they can buy at those interior points, pay freight and handling, and make more money out of it than to buy stock manufac- tured on the Saginaw river. A continuation of this policy cannot but affect the entire market for white pine, and in any change that may take place, Canada, like Michigan, is largely interested. CUTTING OF TIMBER FOR PULP WOOD. IT is worth while remembering when cutting the pro- ducts of Canadian forests that there are other uses to which logs are put than that of manufacturing lumber. There are good reasons to think that the sawmill will be outrun in the race, as one of our greatest industries, by the pulp mill, which already consumes large quantities of timber and seems to be open to almost limitless de- velopment. It is just about fifty years ago, in the year 1846, since the wood puip industry may be said to have commenced. Give one Keller credit for the first paper-making from ground wood, which was manufactured under a patent taken out in Saxony in the previous year. As with most néw industries, the growth at the outset was slow, but of recent years the manufacture of wood pulp has jumped into immense proportions. We can understand this, when it is remembered that of the making of books there is noend, and of the making of newspapers, were it possible, a stronger statement might be made. We are living in an age of newspapers, almost countless in numbers, and in many cases reaching into immense circulation daily, consuming tremendous quantities of blank paper. Years ago it was learned that rags, cotton waste and straw were neither sufficient nor cheap enough to meet the demand of the paper maker. Wood paper was in- vented. It did not cover every requirement at first, but as a result of experiments and inventions improvements were rapidly made. Newspaper stock, which brought from fifteen cents to twenty cents a pound in the sixties, is to-day sold by Canadian mill men as low as three cents. The industry is growing, until the paper made from pulp wood on this continent is shipped to almost all parts of the world. Australian papers are said to be printed on paper having its origin in the spruce forests of this continent. Canada’s interest in pulp wood is in her immense spruce forests in Quebec and New Brunswick in par- ticular, though spruce is also found in some parts of Ontario and British Columbia. Conditions are peculiarly favorable for this industry because of her splendid water privileges, for as Mr. J. H. Lefebvre, C. E., has pointed out the three things necessary to the success of the pulp industry, namely, suitable wood, extensive water power, and cheap labor are found in abundance in Canada. Our immense forests of coniferous trees contain a prac- tically inexhaustible supply of the different kinds of woods required in this line of manufacture, and besides are of a very superior quality. A proof of this 1s found in the yearly increase of American importations, and further in the energy with which United States manufac- turers are securing possession of large tracts of spruce land in the Lower Provinces. The importation of Cana- dian wood for pulp to the United States increased from $57,197 in 1890 to $454,253 in 1893, and the increase goes on. Norway and Sweden have held a prominent place as manufacturers of pulp, but in England Cana- dian pulp has sold at an average of $24.80aton as against $20.27 for the Scandinavian product, a_ proof of the better quality of our pulp wood. The immense growth of the wood pulp business is such that it absorbs nearly fifty per cent. of the spruce logs produced in New York and the New England States. It is not necessary to enter into a discussion of the processes of pulp manufacturing. Our interest is as lumbermen. A cord of wood produces about 900 pounds chanical. tons ground wood pulp per day. In order to produce this quantity of sulphite and soda pulp about 225 cords of wood are required daily or 70,000 cords per year. And to produce ground wood manufactured about 160 cords daily or 32,000 cords a year. These figures are suggestive of the importance of this industry, and of the wisdom of preserving it to our own people, for with the free export of spruce logs to the United States, and a heavy duty exacted on all mechanical and chemical pulp imported by that country, it becomes a question how far we are serving this end. There can be no doubt that the spruce forests of the Dominion must each year grow in value, and as may be noted from an interview with a prominent Ontario lum- berman published in the Eli page, those who are wise in their day and generation, are goiny to give thought to securing possession of spruce forests, perhaps even more so than those of white pine or any of our other woods. EDITORIAL NOTES. ANTICIPATED trouble by the lumbermen of the Ottawa Valley, and those in certain parts of New Brunswick, in the expected enforcement of the new sawdust act, has been set at rest by the announcement of the Hon. Mr. Angers, in the Senate, that the act compelling Canadian lumbermen to consume the saw dust and mill refuse would be amended with a view of conserving the inter- ests of the Ottawa Valley and the lumbermen of the St. John river. It provides that when a good case can be made out against the preservation (contained in existing statutes) of sawdust in any river or stream, the govern- ment may grant the exemption. A NEw form of tree has been recently discovered in Japan, at an elevation of some 2,000 feet, which is said to partake very largely of the nature of Douglass fir. The Pacific coast has all along been looked upon as the home of this wood, which finds a market to-day in many parts of the world. It will be interesting to watch the growth and development of the new species. It is described of a tall growth with horizontally arranged branches, but in point of size, it falls much below the species on this continent. This being the case, even though it may be the same nature of timber, it must, from a commercial standpoint, lose a great deal of its worth, as Douglas fir is valued, not alone for its great endurance and strength, but also for size. THE step initiated by Mr. J. R. Booth, fixing the hours of work in his big mill at ten hours a day, and followed — generally by the other mills, large and small, of the Chaudiere, is one that marks the trend of the present day towards shorter hours for workingmen. What is pleasing in connection with the present step is that it was taken voluntarily by Mr. Booth, and no friction was observable in the mill men generally falling into line. At the ten hour day the same wage will be paid. This is further worthy of remark because made at a time when profits in the manufacture of lumber are exceedingly close. And yet there is good reason to believe that in the reduction of the actual number of hours the men will work as great an amount of work will be accomplished per week. ‘The superficial observer will be disposed, perhaps, to ques- tion this statement, but there are many noticeable in- stances on record, where a reduction in the hours per day of labor by large manufacturers has brought to them as large, and in some cases a better, return than under the longer day. IT is interesting to watch how trade shifts from one section of country to another, as circumstances make this necessary. It would seem that we sometimes de- plored, rather unncessarily, the losses that are sustained to particular sections of country, when the resources that have built up those sections no longer exist. There are points in Ontario, as in other parts of the Dominion, that once rejoiced in the constant hum of the saw mill. Things are dead there to-day, because the timber of those territories has been cut away. But what is proving a loss to one place, becomes a benefit to another. It is ¥ 7 healt 4 rr oe a oe ae of chemical and about 1400 pounds ground wood or me- 4 In the Dominion there is now made about 50 © tons of sulphite or acid pulp, 50 tons of soda pulp, and 100 ~ June, 1895 Pe CAM ADA LUMBERMAN 7 necessity, that sets men planning work afresh, and seek- ing for other fields to conquer. We have thought of this as we have read a report of Mr. C. W. Spencer, who returned to Montreal, recently, from an annual tour of inspection of C.P.R. lines east of Port Arthur. He says: “We shall have an increased shipment of over 120,000,000 feet of lumber over last year in this district between Sudbury and Sault Ste. Marie. They are spending $10,000 in Kenabutch in erecting a saw mill, and houses are springing up fast.” Attention has been directed to this new territory only within recent years, as timber has become scarce in some of the more settled places. In a sketch of British Columbia timber intetests in the May monthly issue of the CANADA LUMBER- MAN we gave Mr. R. E. Gosnell, of Victoria, B. C., credit for the estimate that there are 100,000,000,- 000 feet of good timber in sight in British Columbia. Mr. Gosnell writes us that whilst he made use cf these figures in referring to the timber interests of the coast province, he did not give them as his own figures, but that “it has been estimated,” or “it is estimated” that such 1s the case. He says: “I wish to call your atten- tion to this for the reason that it is not desirable to assume the responsibility of so important a statement regarding the subject, upon which I* had not in any sense claimed to be an authority. This much we do know, however, that the extent of timber is very great, and were it up to the 100,000,000,000 feet or half that amount, it is still an enormous resource, but not too great to render your advice as to its preservation necessary and serviceable. The exact amount of timber land under lease is 542,000 acres, but that does not, of course, represent anything like the real extent, although it does represent the best of it. Over 500,000 feet of lumber have been cut from one acre of timber land, and that is by no means unusually heavy, but if we take one-fifth of that as an average for the 540,000 acres under lease, we get 54,000,000,000 feet ; so that the latter may be ac- cepted at least as a safe estimate for the whole of Brit- ish Columbia.” THERE are tricks in all trades, it has often been said. Where lumbermen in some cases have united on an ad- vance in prices, it is stated that more unscrupulous members of the combination are getting away from the real purpose of the agreement by giving concessions in the shape of better qualities of lumber, where they are ostensibly holding, at the same time, to association prices. It is here the difficulties in combinations always show themselves. This is to be remembered regarding the man who will play false with his fellowmen where an agreement has been entered into, he will play false as quickly with the very men who may think they are re- ceiving a favor from him. We would advise any dealer who buys from a lumberman, who has agreed with others to stick to certain prices, to watch closely every tran- saction, for if the unscrupulous man does not get even with him in some way it will be no fault of his. Be- sides, without drawing the lines too strict, the individual who is prepared to accept of another terms which he knows represent the violation of an agreement, is not himself too straight, and may be worth watching. We know the old story that business cannot be done unless a little sharp practice enters into it, but this is to be noted that when everybody in trade ccmmences using sharp tools, there is no telling where blood will not be drawn first. The old saw is terribly hackneyed, but it is true yet, that honesty is the best policy, and there is nothing like square, up-and-up business methods. Where any man is a consenting party to a lowering of the standards of business methods, he himself has taken a step downwards. CONSIDERABLE interest is attached by Quebec lum- bermen to the proposed amendment to the Dominion Inspection Act of 1893, which will provide that lumber conform to the inspection of all other articles of trade and commerce, but not compulsory. In the matter of square timber, however, inspection is to be compulsory for two or three years. Going back a good many years in the history of the lumber trade of Quebec lumbermen are disposed to think of the difficulties they had to fight against before the Cullers’ office at Quebec was estab- lished. History saith, that this was instituted about fifty years ago, for the protection of the lumberers, who, previous to that date, felt that they were unfairly op- pressed by buyers at Quebec. Lumbermen in those days were obliged to submit to all sorts of “allowances” in the measuring and culling of timber purchased by the merchant who engaged his own culler, to put on his own measurement. It is said that lumbermen lost from 20 to 30 per cent. of the value of their lumber, sufficient to completely wipe out all margin or profit, and not unfre- quently leaving them in so tight a corner financially, that an escape was impossible. In a word, the allega- ‘tion is that they were completely at the mercy of the buyers. The establishment ot the Cullers’ office, was the means of changing all this, and the unpleasant fric- tion, to put matters mildly, became a thing unknown. Whenevei anything went wrong, redress could always be had at once, by applying to the Supervisor, who would award a survey and thus rectify any loss incurred by wrong measurement or otherwise. The contention in favor of the proposed change is that conditions have altered, making the existence of the Cullers’ office, and those attached to it, no longer a necessity. But this is seriously questioned by those who know well lumber conditions in Quebec. Where an office has been in ex- istence for so great a length of time, and with the lum- ber trade of Quebec still assuming large figures, it would appear the part of prudence to go slow in making any changes. It is difficult to understand why the Treasury Depart- ment at Washington should rule that the red cedar of British Columbia must come under a 25 per cent. duty. The case, as presented by British Columbia lumbermen, through Mr. J. G. Scott, was really unanswerable on its merits, and this was the view taken by the New York Board of Appraisers. What consistency was there in ruling that the red cedar of British Columbia was not a cabinet wood, and therefore ought not to be classed among cabinet woods, and yet charge an impost on it as one of them? It is said the department ruled that the cedar of the Pacific coast was cedar in the general com- mercial sense, and though botanically it might vary a little from a true cedar, nevertheless it was cedar still. It may be a cedar in name. It is not a cedar in point of fact. It has been generally admitted by leading lumber journals ot the United States that it was through an oversight that it was placed under the cabinet schedule in the first place. The West Coast Lumberman in its latest issue says : “There is but little doubt that the duty on cedar was laid on through a careless wording of the acto aihe Timberman and other journals have voiced the same thought. When the government at Ottawa evinced a disposition to trifle with the question of duty on boom sticks, that gave rise to friction with Michigan lumbermen, the CANADA LUMBERMAN took ground that the quicker the government receded from its absurd position, the better would it be for the lumber trade. The question of free trade in lumber is too big a one to admit of trivial disputes of this character. The same is to be said in reference to the red cedar trouble. The government at Washington have no reasonable grounds for ruling out red cedar from under the free trade tariff. Their own officers, the New York Apprais- ers, and the lumber press generally, without regard to their particular opinions on the question of free trade, are of one mind on the matter. Without the necessity for further protest on the part of Canadian lumbermen, it is to be hoped that the authorities at Washington will at once remove cause for friction in this particular, as the Canadian government have absolutely removed cause in the case of the boom difficulty with Michigan lumbermen. Tur Pacific Lumber Trade Journal, the new lumber paper published at Seattle, Wash., and which it is fair to say reflects credit upon its editor and manager, Mr. Victor H. Beckman, is disposed in the first issue to read the shingle trade of the Coast, a deserved homily. Our contemporary freely admits that the red cedar shingle industry of Washington territory has suffered many re- verses during the past two years, and these are to be attributed to a class of men who, it declares, are as foreign to the trade as a clown ata funeral. Stated briefly, the shingle trade of the Pacific coast, and British Columbia cannot be altogether excepted, has run the gauntlet, and all the disaster that comes, of an unhealthy boom in business. Red cedar shingles became known for many meritorious qualities, and with abundance of this wood indigenous to the Pacific coast, every Tom, Dick and Harry thought he saw money in shingle manufacturing. The result was that a class, quoting from our contemporary, composed of “ ex-butchers, real estate men out of a job, lawyers without clients, doctors without patients, insurance men sans occupation, and wholesale merchants with an eye to the main chance,” embarked in the shingle business. Late in the year of 1892 the shingle industry was on a good basis, giving employment, at good wages, to several thousand men in the mills and camps. This attracted the attention of inexperienced men with little ready money, with the re- sult that in an increditably short time mills were built by the score, without regard to location, existing cordi- tions, or the law of supply and demand. Competition became so keen three months ago that shingles were sold as low as 85c. per thousand, barely the cost of labor, and leaving nothing for raw material, investment, in- terest, etc. It is estimated that nearly $2,000,000 were lost through this senseless and criminal price-cutting. Has the end been reached? This, it is difficult to ans- wer definitely as yet, but it is believed that the situation is changing, and commonsense will take hold of the reins of the shingle manufacturifig of the Pacific coast. Lumbermen everywhere throughout the Dominion-will trust that this will be the case, for unhealthy and com- mercially immoral methods employed in any department of a particular trade reflects back on the entire trade. Wuat of white pine prices in the near future? When the new cut is on the market, will prices go up or down? This question is being widely discussed in lum- ber circles everywhere. There is a good deal of diver- sity of opinion. Some there are who contend most de- terminedly that there will be a break in prices not long after midsummer has been entered upon. They argue that stocks are not very much depleted at leading mill points, and that when these are supplemented by the new cut, with trade continuing as slow as it has been since the first of the year, no other result can follow. The question is whether stecks at mill points are large. Whilst it is true that some mill men are holding more white pine than they would wish to, with the mills busy cutting on fresh logs, yet this is not everywhere the case. This much seems certain, that buying has been con- ducted on so conservative a scale, that the yards of lum- bermen throughout the country must be well thinned of stocks. If they are going to do any trade they will have to fill up with new stocks, and it is doubtful if the ability to meet such a demand will be any too complete. The situation, centres around the one point of a bet- terment in trade conditions. If the season’s trade is going to warm up, though late about it, there is no good reason to suppose that prices, except possibly for particular grades, will decline. A survey of com- mercial conditions point to an improvement in business. Bankers and others, who are supposed to keep their hand on the pulse of trade, tell us that this is the case. Other circumstances will also enter into the situation. The belief is growing that the output of white pine for 1895 will not be on a very extensive scale. Possibly it may reach the figures of 1894, but this is hardly probable. At this writing, it also looks as though a good many logs will be hung up, and if so the cut will be made still smaller. Much will depend too on white pine men them- selves whether prices can be made to improve. There is encouragement in the position assumed this season by the yellow pine men, and also the spruce manufacturers. Business in both these departments of lumbering had been demoralized, and was going from bad to worse rapidly. None too soon, Southern States lumbermen on the one hand, and spruce men in the Eastern States on the other hand, took the bull by the horns and formed strong organizations, with the result that",to-day both have fixed on a basis of advanced prices, that has all the appearance of proving strong combinations, and which will help these men to make some money this year, where they had been sacrificing profits in the past. For white pine men to attain this end would mean that in sections of country, as we have remarked in another article, where the tendency has been to do business, regardless of profits, lumbermen would need to join hands with the older manufacturers and resolve to put an end to the foolish method of cutting prices, 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN —— eat il Ain l BUSINESS END OF WOOD-WORKING. Aste laws of business are as fixed and exacting as those of nature or science. Violate them, and di- saster is sure to follow. Work closely up to their re- quirements, and, other things being equal, success is assured. In the engine room the engineer knows that if he neglects even the simplest rules that govern the manage- ment of steam or electric power, trouble will come. Every hour in the day he must be on the alert, satisfying himself that there is not the slightest detail in connec- tion with his engine that is allowed to go wrong. Boiler explosions occur when these well-fixed rules of engineer- ing science are violated. They do not occur by accident. So it is all through the workshop. Let planer, mortiser, and tenoning machine be carefully and correctly run and careful and correct work will be executed. Spoiled work comes from a shop, and losses are sustained, when the workmen become careless, and the foreman less vigilant in guarding every interest of his employer. Neglect of little things, producing waste and destruc- tion of valuable material, and expensive machinery, can be given as the explanation of business disaster in many wood-working concerns. But a careful study of the situation will reveal the fact that the leaks, which eventually sink the ship, exist within the four walls of the counting-house more frequently than in that larger space usually known as the shop or factory. Bradstreet’s put down as the first and chief cause of failure, incompet- ence, and it is no stretch of the word to say that the man, with capital invested in business, who does not watch closely the daily transactions represented in the books 1n his counting-house, is incompetent to engage in business. A study of business failures will show that capital has become impaired, and losses, that have wrecked the business, made, through bad bookkeeping, or no bookkeeping, more often than in any other way. An examination of the assets of insolvent concerns re- veals a heart-rending condition of affairs, oftentimes, in the size of figures opposite the item bad or doubtful ac- counts. These bad accounts arise through a lack of watchfulness in giving credit, as well as in neglect in rendering accounts and keeping up close collections. Bad bookkeeping and office mis-management does not stop with losses through bad debts. The history of business tells of thousands, and tens of thousands of dollars, that are lost every year by mercantile concerns through neglect to charge goods, in whole or in part. Let anyone give memory play fora few minutes and he will bring to recollection eirors that have been made in accounts rendered, where charges have been omitted, cash neglected to be credited, and various other blunders made, all the result of careless office manage- ment. How many men engaged in the wood-working business take stock regularly, and strike a trial balance to know in what position they stand?. When times are good and business is rushing, the ingo and outgo run sufficiently parallel to each other to keep things easy. But those seasons come around that are known as cycles of com- mercial depression, and here and there, at this point and at the other, business men commence to find the strings tightening. Do they wisely sit down and examine into their business? Too often not.. The practice ought to be made as exacting a feature of business man- agement as that the boiler is properly protected for the night before the engineer turns the key in the engine house door. ; A man eminent in practical science has observed : “It 1s astonishing how few people I have met with in the course of my experience who can define a fact accu- rately.” It is astonishing how few men in business can define accurately, or nearly so, the condition of their business at any given time, except when the assignee comes into possession. These may seem to be commonplace statements, but they are of a character that will bear repetition. Two important considerations come into play in the manage- ment of a wood-working industry : (1) That the proprie- tor himself be a practical wood-worker, or else place the mechanical department of the business in skilled and capable hands. (2) That he be a thorough-going busi- ness man, living up to the science of business in all particulars. It is a good thing when these two conditions can be made to dovetail together, but in the present day of in- tense competition, and close profits, if one is more essential than another in the wood-working business in Canada, the latter ought to have choice. The mechani- cal end of the business can, with some safety, be dele- gated to others. The business end calls for the closest attention of the proprietor himself. NEW CANADIAN PATENTS. DEVICE FOR OPERATING SAW MILL CARRIAGES. Patentee : John Hamilton, Stewartville, Ont., rst March, 1895 ; six years. Claim.—ist. The combination with a saw-mill car- riage and accessories, means for driving the same and a hand lever fulcrumed to said carriage, said lever hav- ing two sets of sheaves and two cables passing in re- verse order between said sheaves, said cable secured at the ends to fixtures and to tilting levers, operating said accessory means, whereby the hand lever when inclined effects a pull on one cable, and when inclined in the op- posite direction effects a pull on the other cable to re- ciprocate the carriage when desired by a person nding thereon, as set forth. 2nd. A device for reciprocating or gigging saw mill log carriages by accessory means, said device comprising a hand lever fulcrumed to the carriage and having two sets of sheaves journalled — ede 't ,) “ - wre June, 1895 > thereto, and two cables, one cable passing between one ; 3 : set of sheaves and the other cable passing in reverse order between the other set of sheaves, and over sheaves attached to the carriage, one end of said cables attached to a fixture and the other to a lever, whereby by an operation of each cable forms a loop which is elongated by a sheave when the hand lever is inclined to effect a pull on either cable, as set forth. 3rd. The combina- tion, with a saw mill log carriage and accessory, means for gigging the same, of a hand lever fulcrumed to said carriage, said lever having two sets of sheaves and two cables, one cable passing between the other set of sheaves in reverse order, whereby each cable forms a loop, one loop being elongated when the hand lever is inclined in one direction and the other loop elongated when the lever is inclined in the opposite direction to effect a pull on the cables, respectively, and to cease when said lever is vertical for the operation of the car- riage by accessory means such as a friction gear steam feed, etc., as described and:set forth. DEVICE FOR SHAPING SWAGED SAW TEETH. Patentee : John F. Pribnow, Mellon, Wis., U.S.A., 12th March, 1895 ; six years. : Claim.—1st. The combination in a shaper for the points of saw teeth, of the frame work, a stop, clamping jaws, and carrying blocks for said jaws, said carrying blocks being secured to the frame of two-sized bolts, whereby they serve both as pivot and securing bolts substantially as set forth. 2nd. That said carrying blocks having perforations and said frame having slots, through which said slots pass, the smaller portions of the bolts being flattened where they pass through said slots, and said slots being equal in width to the smaller diameter of the bolts, whereby said bolts are prevented from turning. 3rd. The combination, in a shaper for the points of saw teeth, of the frame work, carrying blocks for the clamping jaws pivoted to the framework, and said clamping jaws independently adjustable upon said carrying blocks. 4th. Said clamping jaws secured to said carrying blocks by bolts passing through slots, and into said jaws, and set screwed, whereby the longi- _tudinal adjustment of the jaws may be finally regulated. SHINGLE MACHINE. Patentee: B. R. Mowry & Son and Isaac Milton House, Gravenhurst, Ont., Assignee of Asa Mutchinbacker, Rosseau Falls, all in Ontario, 26th March, 1895 ; six years. Claim.—tst. In a shingle machine, a pivot on the frame of the machine and carrying a brake-shoe adapted to engage with a pulley geared to the carriage of the machine in combination with the reciprocating carriage, adapted to engage with the lever and apply the brake, substantially as and for the purpose specified. 2nd. In combination with reciprocating carrier carrying a pivot- ed dog, which may be set to engage with the said lever and apply the brake. 3rd. In a shingle machine, the combination of the pulley G, brake-shoe Q, bai P, fork R, lever G, dog N, and reciprocating carriage A, sub- stantially as and for the purpose specified. David Cross, employed in Galbraith’s sash and door factory at New Westminster, B.C., recently had his hand badly cut by a shingle saw. 4 , } JUNE, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ; AN ENGLISH PATENT. Relates to a machine for sawing, mortising and trenching, and for marking for setting out work. The “figure shows an elevation of one form of the ap- paratus. Adjustable circular saws or cutters S S are fixed on parallel shafts M D worked by driving belts from a third shaft B. The shaft M 1s carried by brackets on pivoted arms K, which may be adjusted to regulate the distance between the shafts M D between which the wood, &c., is introduced. Many modifications are described, in one of which the shaft D is mounted similarly to the shaft M. Guides and gauges may be arranged for the wood, etc. ———— TENONING MACHINES—THEN AND NOW. I’ is by taking a glance into the past that we can best learn, oftentimes, how high is our altitude to-day. Let wood-workers look at the two illustrations here given, and they will have some idea, at” least, of the progress made in the manufacture of wood-working machinery within less than half a century. The cut here given of a new tenoning machine, as in operation in many wood-working establishments to-day, stands out in striking contrast to its representative of forty years past. This tool is used principally for sashes and blinds. The cutter-heads are made small, so that they can be run at great speed and do better work and more of it. The top headstock is adjustable up and down and in and out, and both headstocks can be moved up and down together without changing the thickness of the tenon in the least. The bottom headstock and the main standard are in one piece, gibbed to the inside of the frame, and raised and lowered by a screw. Both top and bottom cutterheads are run by one belt at the It is perfectly rigid and cannot be thrown or worn out of line. It is provided with a positive hold-down, con- veniently and quickly operated, and by which the short- est piece is firmly held in place. The guard and clean- ing device avoids chips accumulating on ways. The fence is adjustable to any required angle. The cut-off attachment is adjustable to any length tenon desired (by means of a screw) without stopping, and is run with the same belt as the heads. The machine weighs 900 pounds. pS ee PLANING MILL PRACTICE. Neen all that has been said on the subject of planing mill practice, together with the care and management of wood-woiking machinery generally, still there seems to be a wide difference of opinion upon certain points even among those who profess to be experts at the business, says a writer in the Age of Steel. Many of those articles which appear in various trade jour- nals from time to time are not only instructive to the young operator, but the hints thrown out may not always be uninteresting to the more experienced man, while on the other hand, others contain points that are of a doubtful character. It is all folly to suppose that one mans knows it all and incapable of learning something more, even from an amateur operator, still, the best and the most expert planing mill operators, like the doctors, often disagree. For example, the operator tells us that the [ bottom leading in rolls of a planing machine should be set upon an exact level with the | bed, and attempts to prove his theory correct, . while another argues with equal force that they should in all cases be raised from one- ... eighth to one-quarter of an inch above it.. Now, while there is no question that by slightly elevating those rolls over the bed- plate, the machine will feed easier and the lumber will not drag so heavily upon the plank and consequently the wear will be less, not only upon the bedplate but the gearing also. But there is no doubt that this manner is often carried to extremes by some oper- ators. By elevating the rolls too far above the bed, the tendency is to lift the board from it, and as it is essential in order to avoid easy work, that the board should rest firmly upon the bed-plate, the pressure bars are screwed down unnecessarily tight in order to counteract this tendency. There is no question but good practice re- quires the Jeading-in rolls to be slightly elevated for this reason: Where the top rolls are heavily weighted, as it is necessary they should be in order to insure a strong and reliable feed, the bottom rolls will sink into the boards to a certain extent and where they are adjusted to a level with the bed, whatever they sink into the sur-_ face of the board throws it just so much below the level 3 TENONING MACHINE MADE IN 1856. same speed, and this belt is provided with a self-operat- ing weighted tightener having vertical and horizontal adjustment. This machine is provided with a combination roller table, greatly facilitating the work both in ease of opera- tion and quantity turned out. In this device the top part of the table travels farther in a given time than the under part, not requiring the extra long ways. The table is secured to ways with safety gibs and stops, so it can not be thrown from the ways or into the knives. ea of the bed and produces an unnecessary pressure upon it, but in no case will the pressure of the top rolls be sufficient even upon the softest lumber to sink the bottom ones into the lumber one-eighth of an inch, or even a small portion of it. The careful operator, however, who isa close observer, can always judge from the working of the machine whether the pressure upon the bed is sufficient to cause extra wear and friction, and regulate them accordingly. Asa rule, the sinking into the lumber by the bottom rolls, upon ordinary work amounts to but little, and if a thick piece of paper or tin be placed upon the bed and a straight edge laid upon it, and the bottom rolls raised until they come in contact with the straight edge, it will be found sufficient for all practical purposes. To say that absolute perfection may be obtained so that all classes of lumber, both hard and soft, may be run with exactly a uniform pressure upon the bed, would be absurd; therefore, as no fixed rule will apply to all cases, the experienced operator must judge for himself from the size of the rolls, the amount of pressure upon them and the nature of the work, just how much eleva- tion is necessary in order that the lumber pass through the machine with as little resistance as possible. As the lumber, after passing the rolls in front of the bed-plate, is already compressed so that the rolls behind the cylin- TENONING MACHINE, 1895. der will not sink into it, there is no necessity of elevat- ing the back rolls, but they should be set level with the bed. Another point has been frequently referred to, is the amount of allowance for jointing upon the side next to the long guide. Where the groove is run upon this side, it is very important that sufficient margin be allow- ed for jointing, but the extra amount cannot be governed by any fixed rule, but must be determined by the condi- tion of the lumber, and the good judgment of the oper- ‘ator, and there 1s no question but a large amount is wasted in some mills by setting the long guide too far back of the stationary matcher head. Where the man at the saw, whether it be a single or double edger, is particular in straightening the stuff, that is, to avoid short crooks, but little margin will be required for that purpose. In most cases it is customary to allow one-eighth of an inch for this purpose, and under favorable conditions, this is amply sufficient, and all over that is a waste of just so much material. With stock lumber, however, where it is matched as it comes from the yard, the case is differ- ent, and short crooks and lumps, especially, where there are knots near the edge, often render it necessary to set the long guide further back so as to allow a greater mar- gin for jointing. Still, it is a question whether it is not more economical to run a few boards a second time than to set the guide back of the matcher head, so as to take off a quarter of an inch, as is frequently the case, whether it is required or not. There 1s probably no other place in the planing mill where good judgment and economy may be practiced, than at the edging saw. It is customary with many sawyers in ripping up strips for matching, to allow about one-eighth of an inch, but in many cases the strips will be found to measure from one-quarter to three-eighths ot an inch wider than there is any necessity for. Now, if the strip is to be six inches face when match- ed, there is no necessity for being sawed more than six and one-half inches. This allows three-eighths for the tongue and one-eighth for jointing on the groove side, but more strips will be found to measure six and three- quarters than otherwise and of course all over what is real- ly necessary is so much waste of lumber, and while it may appear to the sawyera small matter it will amount to many hundreds of feet or even thousands in the course ofa year. Io THE CANADA TUMBEE MAT F those entitled to rank among the large lum- bermen of Ontario are the Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., composed, as most people know, of Mr. A. H. Campbell and his two sons, owning large timber in- terests in the northern sections of the province and with thehead office at Toronto. It maybe takenassignincant of the outcome of lumbering in Ontario at not a very distant day, that this firm have within the past few years dis- posed of considerable of their limits in this province, and become investors in spruce lands in New Bruns- wick. There is not necessarily any connection between their transaction. in Ontario and New Brunswick, but they have shown that they are able to take a long look ahead in putting some of their money into spruce lands in the Lower Provinces. I was conversing the other day with Mr. Campbell, and learned, as with others who have studied the matter, that he sees a profitable invest- ment in spruce. His idea is to acquire, perhaps, 500 or 600 miles of spruce lands, and at some distant day operate these. It is believed that spruce can be cut over every ten or fifteen years, and with limits of the size named by Mr. Campbell it will be readily seen that these would practically never be denuded, and a continuous revenue ofa very profitable character would be derived from them. I am not going to anticipate anything that may be said in the editorial columns on the question of pulp wood, but it is well known by lum- bermen that this industry is assuming large propor- tions in Canada, and bids fair to over shadow what has heretofore been considered the legitimate business of lumbering. Mr. Campbell paid a visit to the Maritime Provinces about two years ago, and I was enquiring as to his impressions of the lumbering industry there. Viewed from the standpoint of an Ontario lumberman, he could not but think that lumbermen there were much oehind in their methods. The equipment of their mills is, with few exceptions, of the most primitive character. “T pointed out,” said Mr. Campbell, “to one of the largest lumbermenin New Brunswick the loss that he must be yearly sustaining by his method of sawing lum- ber, giving rise to so great waste. The reply was of the most easy-going nature. Money was being made at the mills and our friend did not see any occasion to change. And so it is in every department of business. They are splendid people down there, but conservative, and lack- ing the yo-ahcad-ativeness that we are inclined to think belongs to the people of the west.” * * * It is at this season of the year that some of the great- est risks are taken en by those engaged in the activities of lumbering. Dangers and privations, though much less to-day than years ago, have to be endured by the shantymen who spend their winters in the woods. Life there, however, is tame compared with what it is when the drives commence. Rafting is one of the exciting experiences oflumbering. How old raftsmen can dilate on the adventures of the river drives, as they have made their way through these waters in all sorts of ways and under, at times, most exciting conditions. One moment sailing along placidly and again plunging through adam and over an apron into the pool beneath. Then again logs are stranded, a jam is formed, and the energy and ingenuity of the drivers are fully taxed. “It depends a good deal,” said Mr. Gordon, of McArthur Bros., who was giving the writer some of his experiences a few days ago, “ where the rafts are making for. I can remember rafting twenty-five or thirty years ago. It was some- thing different then to what it is now with the progress that has been made in this line of business, as in every other. Then, it is one thing to raft logs across the Georgian Bay, and it is something quite different to take a raft of logs down the St. Lawrence. | can tell you excitement runs high at times, when the rafts are running the rapids of this great Canadian river, ar ee We speak of business men being keen-witted, but all the keenness, and all the wit, that the cleverest can summon up is required when this work is engaged in. Losses of life too often occur, but the risks seem inevitable to the work. Fancy yourself strapped to the rafts, as the men have to be when going through certain portions of the rapids. The ordinary traveller knows what it is to run the St. Lawrence rapids in one of our lake steamers, and what danger is undertaken, of the excitement that occurs, when the steamer, may, perchance, strike the rocks.” I had gone down the St. Lawrence on the Corinthian a few years ago when that vessel met with a mishap as she was running the Lachine rapids. There was great excitement on board, but from what Mr. Gordon has just stated, one can readily understand that that was child’s play along side of the excitement and risk attending these raftsmen, when their improvised vessel of logs should chance to strike the 1ocks of the St. Law- rence. As one has said: “ The dexterity and agility of drivers are astonishing. Upon logs of all sizes, bobbing, floating and rolling, they walk, stand and ride. The bucking broncho is a rocking-horse compared to these sawlogs with their treacherous antics. Tests of skill are at times attempted between expert drivers by two of them getting upon one log and turning it rapidly by turns, as a squirrel turns the wheel in his cage, when one contestant will attempt to check it and thus throw the other driver into the water. Chill and frequent are the baths these men daily receive, often spending the entire day in the water that is fresh from a snowbank.” * * * * The address delivered recently by Hon. J. K. Ward, of Montreal, and which the LUMBERMAN is publishing in full this month, is very suggestive of the changes that have taken place in the past few decades in methods of lumbering. Mr. Ward is able to speak as one who knows all about it, for fifty years ago he commenced at the lowest rung of the ladder and has with intelligent interest, and much personal success, watched the pro- gress of this great industry from that time forward. This matter was further brought under my notice as I talked a few days ago with Mr. McBurney, of McBurney & Lay- cock, operating a mill at Callender, Ont., and cutting this season for Robert Thomson & Co., for the British market. Mr. McBurneya number of years ago carried on a saw mill business at Simcoe, which is still his home. There is no longer, however, any opportunity to engage in lumber- ing in Simcoe, for the forests there-abouts have long since been depleted of theirtimbers. Mr. McBurney remarked to me, that with a 1easonable competence in hand, it might have been the wisest thing for him to have left lumber- ing alone, and enjoyed the evening of his days in his old home. But he isa man ot too great energy to with- draw for any length of time from the activities of busi- ness, and so he keeps at it, sometimes in one direction and again in another. I am not going to play the preacher at this point in my talk, but the fact that the timbers in the district of Simcoe are depleted, and that this place is only one of scores of others, points the old, but ever necessary lesson of the need of taking greater care of the forest resources of the Dominion. Mr Mc- Burney lumbered a good part of the winter with Mr. Laycock, who by the way is a well-known Buffalo lumberman, in the vicinity of northern Michigan and Wisconsin, where they were cutting timber for the Flatt Bros., of Hamilton. Mr. McBurney thinks that this firm will rank among the largest shippers this season of lumber for the British markets. As with the lumber got out by McArthur Bros., Sharpless Bros., and others, it is forwarded to Quebec, and from there exported to Great Britain. I was interested in what Mr. McBurney had to tell of the changed conditions of lumbering in northern Michigan and Wisconsin. . Lumbermen no longer plant their mills in the territory in which the lumber is cut, but bring the logs a distance of from 300 to 500 miles to mills located in other parts of the country. This change has come about, through the enterprise of the railroads in shaping their equipment and rates to meet this particular line of trade. It is a sight worth seeing, said Mr. McBurney, to watch the immense car loads of logs that go out from that district daily, to be sawn at some of the great mills of the country hundreds of miles away. I questioned whether this was a paying method of lumbering, and was informed that mill men June, could bring the logs even 500 miles, lay them down at their mill door, and the cost would be less than that of operating mills in the locality where the logs were cut. This experience is just another instance of the large place that steam occupies in the business econ- omy of the present day. Mr. Meaney, Toronto manager of Robert Thomson & Co., was with us at the time of conversation and remarked, that at one time his firm endeavored to make an arrangement with the Grand Trunk Railway to carrylogs from the northern lum- ber districts to Hamilton, where they would have been willing to have established a large saw mill and wood- working business. But nothing satisfactory could be ar- rived at with the Grand Trunk. ke : One of the hard problems in the Canadian lumber business is that of securing anything like uniformity of prices. This matter came under my notice a few days ago by the remark of a country mill man, that he was unable to interpret the LUMBER- MAN'S quotations for hardwoods in the light of his ex- perience in endeavoring to sell certain classes of woods ‘n the Toronto market. He had been unable to secure within two or three dollars of the quoted price in To- ronto for certain woods. This is to be remembered that the prices quoted on the fourth page of the WEEKLY LUMBERMAN are those at which wholesalers are selling their lumber in Toronto. This lumber is brought from the mills of the province at a cost for freight and handling. On top of this must be added the wholesalers profit. I do not know that a mill man could expect to secure that price, should he come to a dealer in Toron- to and offer the output of his mill. He is in the position of the manufacturer of woollen goods who comes to the wholesaler and offers to sell him goods at certain prices. The wholesaler makes his purchase. When he comes to sell to the retailer, his profit must necessarily be added to the cost. This will account in part, at least, for the apparent discrepancy in prices, to which my friend the mill man referred. A broader interpretation, however, must be placed on all current price lists of lumber. They must be read alongside of the comments on the market conditions that find a place every week in all lumber journals, and that prove a leading feature of the WEEKLY LUMBERMAN. The situation in certain lines will change sometimes for the week. A few weeks ago, maple, which had been demanding a certain price, became slow, and at that time could have been bought a little less than the current market quotations, and yet it would not have been fair to say that the current market quota- tions were out. Within a month after this date, build- ing operations had become more active in certain large centers, and maple was going into consumption more — largely and the price again stiffened. This also is to be remembered, and it suggests another trouble the trade has to contend against, that ash, or elm, or basswood, may be quoted mill run at a certain price. But mill run will differ widely in certain mills. I may go to amill man and get his figures for basswood, mill run. I examine his stock and find that it runs less to Ists and 2nds than the stock of his neighbor. Or it may be that a larger percentage of the stock of one man will be off in color as compared with that of another. So itis through every class of wood. It is impossible to draw these distinctions in prices in a printed price list. They must always be flexible enough to permit of changes in the local conditions and situa- tion. 1 talked this matter over only a week ago with a lumberman whose operations run into large figures, and — who can talk from the standpoint of a mill man, as well as awholesaler. “What we have to contend against here,” said he, “is the imperfect character of inspection. We all go paddling our own canoe ; fix our own stand- ard of what constitutes certain grades, and as long as we can dispose of the stuff in this way we are satisfied, seemingly forgetting that the most successful business — can always be done when the trade are something nearly ofa unit in methods of handling their business.” . But to repeat, let current lumber prices of the WEEKLY LLUMBERMAN be read alongside with the comments on the week’s trade and the remarks and quotations that are given in Stocks and Prices column, and how closely to the mark the editor shapes these things will at once be seen. ®. WEEKLY EDITION i. The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 2 0 pages } si.oo Per year {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday ie Seyor, I. - & TORONTO, ONT., MAY 29, 1895 ING? ie .“ ; P (CANADA [LUMBERMAN H % PUBLISHED BY ———-—Ss SG. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. > Branch Office: 4 New Yorxk Lire InsuRANcE BUILDING, MONTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and ” exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully gnd impartially subjects pertinent to the dumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading Jumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. & Sabscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. _ WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four ‘or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type, and no display is allowed beyond the head line. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on ‘Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. Boe SALE, 2 CAR CHERRY, DRY, FIRSTS and seconds, at $52.00 per M ft. J. KAUFMAN, Berlin, Ont. FOR SALE. OUBLE FRICTION FEED, CONSISTING of spools, cable shafting, &c., complete, made by Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., of Peterborough; used part ‘of one season, good asnew. Write for particulars. 7 J. W. Howry & Sons, Fenelon Falls. NOTICE. ” stole WILL BE RECEIVED AT THIS 1 Department up to and including the 4th day of June next for the right to cut pine trees over seven inches in diameter on the stump, on that part of the township of Vankoughnet, in the District of Algoma, 4 lying outside the boundaries of the Batchewaung Indiau ___ Reserve, except the following part sections S E 1-4 of section 11, S W 1-4, section 12, S W 1-4, section 14 and the S E 1-4 of section 25. d Parties making tender will state the amount they are _ prepared to pay as bonus, or for the right to receive a license to cut the pine trees over seven inches in diame- ter on the stump, which, when cut, will be subject to the following rates of dues: on square or waney timber $25 per thousand feet cubic, on sawlogs $1.25 per thou- sand feet, board measure. No pine trees of a les$ diameter than seven inches on the stump shall be cut. _ The department reserves all timber except the pine __ together with the right to dispose of such other timber at any time, and purchasers of the other timber will have the right to make roads and to do whatever may be necessary in the premises to cut and remove the same. _ Terms of payment 1-2 cash, balance in 3 and 6 months. Notes for balance to be endorsed by parties satisfac- tory to the department. A marked cheque for 5% of the offer must accompany each tender. - For further particulars and conditions of sale apply to P. C. Campbell, Esq., Crown Timber Agent, Sault Ste. Marie, or to the Department of Crown Lands, ‘Toronto. i‘, +o . ef A. S. HARDY, \ Commissioner of Crown Lands. Department of Crown ati Toronto, April 25th, 1895. é 2 WANTED. Bony PLANER, SECOND-HAND, TO PLANE six inches ; state price and particulars. FRASER & CO., Rear 103 Niagara St. — WANTED. g\ POSITION AS LUMBER SALESMAN FOR £ a Pine Mill. Have one of the best trade connec- tions west of Toronto, also east. Apply P O. Box 537, Toronto. BUYER WANTED (HUSTLER) NTELLIGENT, EXPERIENCED BUYER and Inspector, for Canadian Hardwouds. State salary expected, and best central points of location. Must be highly recommended, as quick, honest, smart worker. YOUNG & KEELER CO., 54 South St., New York. WANTED {Oasis eeenteted QUANTITIES OF ALL KINDS of Hardwood Piece Stock, Kiln dried if possible, from 2 inches and up wide, 18 inches and up long, 1 inch thick, either planed or rough. Splendid chance to work up your lower grades. Also plain oak slats which may he cut from slabs, green or dry. Apply for specifi- cations. Can use logs, planks, boards and squares. Give full particulars of stock on hand, price and freight rates to New York. Address, P. O. Box 2144, New York City. FOR SALE (2n0 HAND) HORIZONTAL TUBULAR BOILERS, 48 IN. diameter, 13ft. 6in. long and 3in. tubes; 1 Hori- zontal Tubular Boiler, 35in. diameter, 8ft. long and 3in. tubes; 1 Boiler, 4sin. diameter, 24 ft. 6in. long and five roin. flues init; t Right Hand Horizontal Engine, 26 in. bore, goin. stroke, 15ft. fly-wheel, roin. crank shaft ; 1 Right Hand Engine, xs5in. bore, 28in. stroke; 1 Left Hand Engine, r4in. bore, 24in. stroke; x Left Hand Engine, 12in. bore, 12in. stroke; 1 Vertical Engine, plate bed, 12in. bore. x4in. stroke, link motion—suitable for steamboat; 1 Westinghouse Engine, cylinder, 7in. bore, gin. stroke; 4 Box Factory Cross-Cut Saw Tables —new ; 1 Double Header Shingle Machine; 2nd hand ~Wheels, Axles, Boxes, &c., for lumber yard cars. THE RATHBUN CO., Deseronto, Ont. —— FOR SALE Se SAW MILL PLANT, CONSISTING of 70 H.p. Engine and Boiler, with Smoke-Stack, Grate Bars and all connections and fittings complete ; Heavy Circular Saw Rig, Slab Saw Rig, Bull Wheel and Chain, Waterous Automatic Shingle Machine and Jointer, Shafting, Pulleys and Belts—everything guar- anteed in good running order, and cheaper than any other in Canada. Must be sold. Also for quick sale, one Gang Lath Machine, good as new, at half price ; and one Drag Saw Rig, fitted for Mill Work, has fric- tion feed, at half price. F. J. DRAKE, Belle ille. —EEEE ss. BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHANGES. Congdon Bros., Grafton, N. S., have lost timber to the value of over a thousand dollars by forest fires. W. F. Young and S. Farrell have opened a lumber yard at Neepawa, Man., and J. Mc- Murchy, at Arden, Man. 800,000 feet of lumber of the Golden Lum- ber Co., Golden, B. C., was destroyed by fire a week ago. Fully insured. An Ottawa despatch says that fire has totally consumed the saw mill of Powell & Kelltie, at McCool Siding. Loss about $100,000. A fire in the planing mill of J. A. DesRivi- eres, Ottawa, Ont., a few days ago damaged building and machinery to the amount of $1,300 ; fully insured. Subscribe for the CANADA LUMBER- MAN, weekly and monthly editions, $1.00. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. BUSINESS of the week has been dis- turbed by the holiday, in the Queen’s Birthday. We do not know that lumber- men grumble at this, but it is a fact, that the thread of business is always broken by seasons, however brief, of this kind. That these conditions are offset by ad- vantages of more than a counterbalancing nature, needs hardly to beremarked, though this is not the place to discuss that phase of the question. Aside from this fact, the week’s record is of an improving nature. There’ is a better movement of stocks, whether we glance at the home market, orto the export. Building operations are active in Toronto, and also in many other cities and towns throughout the province. These are helping to bring a certain measure of business to lumber, for lumber is going into consumption, to greater or lesser extent, by these operations. Canadian lumbermen, who have within the past week or two returned from busi- ness trips in the eastern states, report rather more ease insecuring orders, though none can boast of any large transactions. Whatever another season may bring forth, it seems quite certain that buying this year will be on a careful scale. As general trade revives and lumber is want- ed, orders will be placed for stock, but he will be a bold man who will go in for the heavy purchases, that a few years ago was the rule with even those who con- sidered themselves shrewd and careful in their business methods. Prices are sta- tionary. Whether the future will tell of an advance, or decline, we shall not pre- tend to say here. Various circumstances enter into the situation, and some of these we have taken occasion to discuss in the editorial pages of the monthly edition ofthe LUMBERMAN, that goes into readers hands with this issue of the WEEKLY. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Shipments of lumber from Montreal to Quebec ports are multiplving. Shippers of stocks for the United Kingdom at this end are well pleased with the manner in which the season has opened, and unless some labor troubles enter into the situa- tion in Great Britain, even with a report of a depressed market there, the stocks of white pme that will go from this side of the Atlantic for the present season, will run into good size. The loading of the Cynthiana, at Montreal, with lumber for Manchester direct, is being watched with interest by shippers on this side of the water, and also at point of destination. It is one of the important results of the building of the Manchester ship canal. * Shipments of lumber at New Brunswick ports continue to increase in volume. Good results are coming from those who have been cultivating the United States market. Spruce is cutting an important figure in shipments this year, and it looks as though the business-of the year will be augmented in a profitable manner by the advance in prices that has taken place this season, a result of the organization of the Northeastern Lumbermen’s Associa- tion. In contrast with conditions in some other parts of the Dominion lumbermen of New Brunswick, are congratulating themselves on the splendid manner in which the drives are coming along this season. BRITISH COLUMBIA. It is to be said of lumber trade in British Columbia that it continues active, and whilst no boom is on, there is reason for the trade feeling satisfied with the result of business so far in the present year. Exports abroad and shipments to the United States are in good number and size, whilst local trade in the province and the Northwest territories is of decent pro- portions.” UNITED STATES. The reported injury done to the grow- ing wheat in different States of the Union, has had a tendency to create depressing fears among lumbermen, as in commer- cial circles elsewhere. Most States, and some in particular, were building on a good harvest to bring back trade to its natural healthtulness. It is a question, however, whether as much injury has been done to the crops as was generally reported. Usually the first reports re- ceived of this kind are the worst. Ship- ments of the week are rather better than those of preceding weeks in the month, and will round up a fair month’s trade for May. Purchases of pine are, of course, small in volume, but there are more of them than has been the case lately. — Whilst this careful method of buying is discouraging to those who have large” quantities of lumber to sell, and is in de- cided contrast to conditions in other years, yet it is not an unhappy state ofa affairs. It tells of a measure of careful- — ness that will goa long way to restore confidence and invite larger and better trade in the future. Late rains have re- moved some of the anxiety touching the ~ log drives, and in Wisconsin and other districts, where a good deal of pine has been cut, and it was feared the logs would — be hung up, it is now believed that these will come along without further hindrance. This means, of course, a considerable © pine output in these districts, something that may not help prices. In eastern — markets, where Canadian lumbermen are “eK rs Fs seth ha tin interested, the volume of trade is swelling some, and more encouragement is held out te those who are on the road aiming by all the arts in their power to drum up business. FOREIGN. Nothing of a particularly cheerful character enters into the reports of the lumber trade in the United Kingdom of late. We do not know that British lum- ___bermen are naturally pessimists. But for some reason or other they do not take on any large spirit of the enthusiast lately. _ The most we hear is of over-stocked mar- kets, few transactions, and declining prices. Denny, Mott & Dickson, in their May wood circular, say of Canadian tim- ber, that the demand for yellow pine, oak and elm is quiet, and the present stocks promise to hold until the new season’s supplies come to hand. The Timber Trades Journal, referring to a recent sale of Churchill & Sim’s, remarked that very little fresh knowledge of the state of the market could be added from its proceed- ings, only that if any people thought, now had come the time for good buying, they were very careful not to let it be seen. Imports at Liverpool are of a meagre character, and the Glasgow market has hardly held as strong a position as form- erly. In view, however, of the approach- __ ing Quebec import season, the low point at which stocks of the leading descrip- tions are getting reduced, is considered satisfactory, and holders, particularly of prime waney, and square pine, are firm as to prices. Some life is thought to be shown in Australian trade, indicated by an _ improved demand for boats, though at varying rates. West India trade does not show up very encouragingly, nor is there much strength in business in South America. HARDWOODS. The demand for quartered sawed oak, which has been strong and difficult to _ meet, in United States markets, keeps up. With an improvement in building trades, there is quite a large demand for maple flooring, and prices keep frm. Elm and basswood are being sought for by _ furniture manufacturers, whilst the call _ for birch and ash is very fair. Altogether the week in hardwoods has well main- tained the strength that this branch of business has taken on of late. STOCKS AND PRICES. 2 CANADA. The ss. Buenos Ayrean has sailed for _ Glasyow, with 15,322 deals and ends, shipped by J. Burstall & Co. Lumber shipments from St. John, N. B., for the past week total about 4,500,000 feet of deals for British ports, and 3,000,- 000 feet of long lumber, 3,200,000 lath, 4,- 400,coo shingles for United States ports. The Playfair mill at Midland, Ont., is about ready to commence operations, and is under contract to cut 250,000,000 feet of logs for the Arthur Hill Co., of Sag- inaw, Mich., at the rate of 25,000,000 feet annually. i The Royal City Mills, New Westmin- ster, B. C., is filling an order for dredg- ing timbers for Quebec. The sticks will be 50 feet long and 3 feet square, and the order will filla double car. Each stick _ will be free from knots, cracks, or flaws of any kind, and all will be cut from the finest Douylas fir logs, and willbe the 5-20 * largest dimensions ever shipped from British Columbia. Of a recent sale conducted by Foy, Morgan & Co., London, Eng., the Timber Trades Journal reports, that Colonial goods showed up very dull, and the languid bidding at the commencement was largely due to the large assortment of 2,144 and 1% inch pine offered with- out reserve, and realized very indifferent prices. There was, however, rather more disposition on the part of buyers to ac- quire 3x9 deals than has lately been noticeable, but the demand had very little strength in it, certainly nothing in the price realized to lead to hopes of any permanent improvement. Best Quebec 13 ft. broad pine did not make the f. o. b. cost. Among the exports from St. John, N. B., for the week are: Per bark Mun- caster Castle, for Liverpool, Eng., by W. M. Mackay, 1,405,144 deals and battens, 48,761 ends, 97 scantling ; per sch. Par- lee, for Boston, by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 404,000 laths, 800,000 shingles; per sch. Cerdic, for Beverly, Mass., by Miller & Woodman, 1,374,000 shingles ; per sch. Reporter, for New York, by Miller & Woodman, 157,197 deals; per sch. Ina, for Vineyard Haven, Mass., by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 153,840 boards; per sch. Walter Miller, for Vineyard Haven, Mass., by J. R. Warner & Co., 34,027 scantling, 123,025 planks, 27,123 deals; per sch. Beaver, for New York, by Miller & Wood- man, 2.85,867 deals ; per sch. Flash, for Lynn, Mass., by Stetson; Culter & Co., 134,776 boards ; per sch. Vado, for New- port, R. I., by James E. Warner .& Co., 551,200 laths. UNITED STATES. Log run at Saginaw, Mich., ranges from $14 to $18, box lumber $10 to $10.50 and Norway $8 to $8.50. The sale of 1,000,000 feet of hardwood lumbei at Alpena, largely ash, is reported, but no price given out. During the past week lumber shipments at Alpena, Mich., included 3,760,000 feet of lumber, 100,000 shingles, 110,000 cedar posts. ; C. K. Eddy & Sons, of Saginaw, bave bought 6,000,000 feet of logs of Whitney & Batchelor, and have about 10,000,000 coming from Canada. Log run, Canada stock, is repoited to have sold at Michigan as low as $14, and considerable sales at $16 and $17, where choice logs brought $18. About 50,000,000 feet of lumber have been brought from Lake Superior points by Saginaw lumbermen, and planing mill and box shook manufacturers. A white pine operator of experience is quoted as saying that white pine and Nor- way stuff must hereafter be sold at a price which will allow but little, if any, more than $1 a thousand for the stumpage. THE LOG DRIVES. W. H. Murray, one of the best informed lumbermen of St. John, N. B. says, that the drives aie coming along in great shape this year ; that all the logs are out and will come into the booms. A boom of pulp and other titmber, con- taining about 1,000,000 feet, broke loose a few days ago, as it was being towed down to the Sault Ste. Marie Paper and Pulp Mill, at Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., and run-on to the rapids. A large portion of the logs were caught by two tugs and placed in the lower bay. But the broken boom hung on to the rocks in the rapids. It is feared that a number of the logs got away past recovery. William Mason & Sons, of Ottawa, say, that although many men engaged in the lumber industry, were experiencing great difficulties, owing to the Jowness of water, they were more fortunate, as their cut was adjacent to the principal streams, namely, the Madawaska, Coulonge and Ottawa rivers, and consequently they did not have to drive the small creeks any distance. As the season advances, says the Tim- berman, of Chicago, it is evident that the anticipated shortage in the log supply for CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. — the year will be realized. Unless the June rains should furnish an extraordinary volume of water to the white pine country, there will be a considerable percentage of the winter’s log crop hung up. The Wis- consin valley is about the only section where the drives are making good pro- gress. A million and a quarter of logs is the quota of the St. Maurice river this year. The St. Maurice waters are very high, and the booms will not be spread for two or three weeks yet. At the Grandes Piles, the water was just at a height so that the ice rose to the top of the pins and took away the wire poles, which had to be replaced, but the rumor that 40,000 logs had broken loose is false, and all the logs are being kept back. An unusually large quantity of lumber was cut between Grand Falls and Frede- ricton, N. B. last winter. These logs are being delivered at Springhill in large quantities. There were over 30,000,000 feet of logs in the southwest Miramichi booms, New Bcunswick, a week ago, with the water: still very high. In the French River district of Ontario, the streams are getting low, and the need. of rain is much felt in order to get the logs out. Michigan towing companies are rapidly completing arrangements for the season’s work. A recent snow storm and heavy rains have removed the fears that the drive in Rainy river, Mich., would be hung up. The McArthurs have 5,000,000 feet to come out, and M. Chandler has a con- siderable quantity of logs and board pine in the stream. THE SITUATION. REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF ‘‘WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” P. B. Lantz, New Ross, N.B.: “The Gold Mill River Co. is starting a drive of 3,000,000 feet. All the other mills are actively engaged in cutting spruce boards for home markets and West Indies. I have cut 300,000 spruce boards and scant- lings, and am cutting custom stocks for 20,000 fish barrels, used mostly in Lunen- burg county. We are cutting spruce shingles from $1 to $1.50 per thousand. If the drought continues, as it has the last few weeks, our water supply will soon go out on small rivers leaving half the timber uncut. Price of spruce boards are from $7.50 to $8; scantling and dimensions from $8.50 to $10.50; spruce staves from $5.50 to $6.50.” W. S. Gieensides, Mount Forest, Ont.: “There is a fair movement of stocks, comprising principally R elm, basswood and birch, though I cannot report any - sales in this district of very large volume. Stocks of the better class are not large. Prices are firm. I havesold all my stocks except the maple.” W. J. Sheppard, Waubaushene, Ont.: “A fair trade is doing, chiefly in dimen- sion stuff and common. My impression is, that stocks in this locality are not large. Generally speaking, I do not think stocks are heavy anywhere. What is held is mainly good grades. Pricesare firm, and will likely advance on some lines.” A. McPherson & Co., Longford Mills, Ont.: “Only a light movement of stocks, basswood and birch being in best de- mand. Orders are small. Stocks are large in this locality, and mostly good and above cull lumber. Prices are firm. There is a lirge cut of hemlock in this district, and there will likely be an over production.” Willian: Lees, Fallbrook, Ont.: “There is none of the old cut on had in this dis- trict. Stocks that will be mostly held here are hemlocks, ash and basswood. We have very little pine. Prices are hold. ing about as usual. There has been more than the usual amount of shingle cedar taken out in this district.” Rhodes, Curry & Co.. Amherst, N. S.: “A fair movement of stocks is to be noted of business of late. Spruce deals and dimension timber are in considerable de-- ® ze - - b | mand. Price for deals for Europe bringing about $9, and dimension 1 United States $10. Mostly all deals this section, and stocks pretty well sold. Prices for deals are steady ; dimension stuff and laths advancing.” Ke) Sheppard & Morse Lumber Co., Bur- lington, Vt.: “Cannot say that there is any great activity in business. Move- ment of stock is small and spasmodic. Lumber in most demand at present time is spruce, southern pine, and some white pine. Buyers are very cautious, and only filling actual needs. Stocks are ample to — meet all trade offering. Prices hold firm, | “as they could not go lower without loss Prospects are brightening, and gener confidence being restored.” Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Q) “An active movement of stocks 1s to noted in this district, consisting chiefl hemlock, 12 feet, and spruce match As far as we know, stocks are light prices firm.” 4 John Harrison, Owen Sound, Ont. fair movement of stocks in pine, bass and birch. A recent sale include ft. of pine. Stocks here are abo cent. larger than last year. Pric firm. We have had a good winte ness.” : oe H. Cargill & Son, Cargill, Ont.; not say that there is much moveme stocks. What little is in demand is lock, and pine bill stuff. Last seas stocks are well depleted. Good lun all sold out; a fair stock of con Prices remain stationary.” SHIPPING MATTERS. Barque Rosa will leave Boston for St. N. B., to load deals. ' Y a vy Two Canadian boats are at Ashland, loading waney board pine for Montrea’ The Lark Ontario is chartered to load ber, Yarmouth to Buenos Ayres, at or $6.75. é Eee SS. Niceto has been fixed to load deals at Bui John, N. B., for Liverpool, Eng., at 35s. 2 Barque Axel arrived from St. John, aw eo, ce ago from Boston. She had on board 77 ‘ feet of lumber, and will finish her cargo John for Buenos Ayres. “ie The British berque Duke of Argyle, chartered to load lumber at Hastings Vancouver, B, C., for Adelaide, N. 41 19s 9d. 4 a Stocks of Quebec deals are now com: ing to reach the Liverpool marke quantity. ae The ss. Challerton, Euskara and other ve sels, are loading deals at St. John, N. B., for Liverpool and other English ports. © ' A Liverpool report says, that the ste Architect has arrived from St. John, N. with a large cargo of spruce for Messrs. | ley, Lloyd & Co., from W. M. Mackay, y appears to be going away with celerity. spruce market is, perhaps, a little stiff it has been, owing to the scarcity of available for the lower gulf ports. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumser freight rates for pine on the Gra Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Of intended change due notice will be given lumbermen. General instructions in shipping b Grand Tw embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On. ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. unless the marked capacity of the car be less, i case the marked capacity (but not less than : will be charged, and must*not be exceede be impracticable to load certain descriptio -umber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, then th weight only will be charged for, but not less 006 lbs. The rates on lumber in the tariff wi higher from an intermediate point on the, strai; than from the first named point beyond, to thesame tination. For instance, the rates from Tara worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toront not be higher than the specific rates named fro ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill, Southampton to points east of Listowel and sout and west of Stratford will be the same as Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates charged than as per mileage table published on pag of tariff. ree Rates from leading lumber points on pine and softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows : Qlencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and othe in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Peneta Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeor Bay, Victoria H bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenh and other points in group C, te Toronto, 6¥%c.; Bra bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor, | Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, 9c.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, roc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c. These rates are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville — are 714c. per 100 lbs.;_to Deseronto, gc.; to Brockville and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and Ottawa,itxc. The 7 nae - mt A * rates on hardwoods average about from re. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, ‘application’ must be made to the district freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft- woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, 1oc ; Al- ae Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- sh to Toronto, 13c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, ‘Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 144c._ per roo lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 Ibs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way areas follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per too Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to — Se =. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M £t:); Ottawa to Quebec, $2.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to Quebec, $2.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, rq cents per roo lbs. Ottawa to New Mork, five carloads or over $3.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to New York, $3.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports r3c. per 100 lbs.; Arnprior to Boston, Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; export 15 cents per roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents per zoo lbs.; Ottawa’ to Albany, ro cents per roo Ibs.; Armprior to Albany, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 224 cents per 100 lbs Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per too lbs. , except when quoted per M ft. the minimum carload charged i is ro M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 lbs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7%c. per 100 lbs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there * is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7%%c. from same points. EDAR —ORDERS PROMPTLY FILLED FOR telegraph, telephone or electric poles, ties, posts, cedar shingles and cedar light wood; also hemlock di- mension lumber-——J. E. Murpuy, Hepworth Station. WET LAS Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGLIN, é No 8g State St., Inspection at mill. Boston, MAss. CANADIAN EXPORTERS #2” WHOLESALERS ) ROBERT THOMSON & CO » MANUFACTURERS OF. 4 LUMBER | PINE and HARDWOOD — AND — TORONTO OFFICE: TIMBER | London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. LDONOGH & OLIVER ©000 woseaenesccis | MDEP, Lath ana Shingles y TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Gee PAY HATR & CO. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER ° LATH ° SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies BILL TIMBER a Specialty... a MIDLAND, ONT. Fruntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. M ANUFACTURERS OF LUMBER LATH avSHINGLES HUNTSVILLF, W: are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have ONT. for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also 16 in. Pine Shingles and 4{t. Lath 1% in. wide. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED Ottawa Lumber 60. _ WHOLESALE LUMBER, Ottawa Ganada LATH, SHINGLES, ETc. Wizerite hg Stock Pist WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE: 20 Aberdeen Chambers = se = Wholesale Dealer in HARDWOOD a Speqaity TORONTO A oor Geornaa clk all kinds of G Bills cut to order. Lumber shipped to all parts by rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. [ie Georgian Bay Lumber Go. : | LUMBER, LATH “> SHINGLES WELD Ba ONE ARL@© MANUFACTURERS LUMBER. Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn Solicited CG. WATTERS & C0. Wanted for the American Market, Correspondence Spruce Lath, Spruce Shingles, Spruce and Pine Glapboards, Birch Flooring, Pine and Spruce Lumber, #s° Hemlock Bark. AMD LATA WAUBAUSHENE, ONT. LUMBER BROKERS... ST. JOHN, N. B., CANADA $ it Your Wish To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A MILL PROPERTY SEGOND-HAND MAGHINERY A PARTIGULAR LOT OF LUMBER An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ ae a For Sale’’ Department 0 OR ema aps CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION Will secure for you a Buyer or Seller, as the case may be. Address, The Canada Lumberman Toronto, Canada. renner QE — FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x? IMPORTERS : . E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber : : ¥ 1 EMPIRE LUMBER CO. | 4, 1%, 1% and 2in. Plain RED OAK 14% and 2 inch SOFT ELM 4 inch and thieker BIRCH }> - BUFFALO, N.Y. = Write us, stating what you have for immediate shipment, with full description of stock, etc. n, E ALWAYS IN THE MARK?!.1 FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. aL G. MULLER , Pon Ar. PINE, and a _ MAPLE FLOORING, N.C PINE, a, fe} oO oO 1p) Lumber and Logs tor Export ————— NO. 1 BROADWAY bec. BACON, President ie NE GiOh 04.07") CYPRESS REDWOOD. LONG L ECARD 7 OOD LUMBER - NBW YORK. M. F. AMOROUS po ANT LUMBER Co. a MANUFACTURERS OF THE Wl Ph a ae to order for FACTORIES, HOUSES, WHARVES, BRIDGES, _ Kiln Dried Floorings * 20a (eeEShEOS AND: IGARS. . «4 4Gen 6 ATLANTA, GEORGIA, U.S.A. ‘OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO. WILLIAMS’ LINE. Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. Agent ' SCATCHERD & SON N.Y. Office—ROOM 306, 18 BROADWAY. J.H. Williams {% LUMBER DISTRICT, ALBANY, N.Y. YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS AND iMANUFACTURERS Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple 54 South Street, NEW YORK. 105 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N.Y... = WII LOS OD “ rane Oe: «ok evi ac ae eetete eee 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO. 1 CUTTING. _ zin., 7in. and up wide...... 25 00 | 2% and 3in., 7in. and Ten TAN 2 Wn eis w ane 30/00 || Alte alesse aya trees STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS) 7 tY in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00|1in., 4,5 and 7 in, wide..... 32 ¢ UD. WAGE ssi le 6 oie rele cd 36 05 |'6 in, wide, | 11. 9aer qn ees FINE COMMON OR C. 1% in., 4, 5, * in. wide 1 iit, Oita Widen sna nape es 30°00 TIN id,, 5) Mill WAEp sake nae a SELECTED NO. 1 SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. ait 1U(in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 co| 1 in., 4,5, 6 in. wide........ 23 00. F NO. 1 FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. } rin., 4,5 and.7in.....-- .. 17 00| 1in., 4,5 and 7in...-....... TVINs yO MMs is wale win v.p's Plein als ol 18. co] 10., 610. -< eee ese Foc NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. z,in., 4,5and 7 in..... 14.00/14 in.,4to m.... soon cela 1 in., 6in : 14 50 | No. 3 fencing, 1 in., 6in..... SHELVING, No. 1, 1 in., 10 in. stocks.... 25 00 No. 2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. sto rin, roin. and up wide... 26 00} tin., roin. stocks © in. , 22 10, StoCkss,. caer 29 00] 1in., 12 in. stocks... 1in., 12 in. and up wide... ; x in., to in. and up wide 14%in. 1% and 2in., 8in. and «in., 13 in. and up wid up Wide\simw dynes eee 29 09 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS. eee eee 19,59 | No. 2,,9:10. cust 1750 |, Band. 7its., cose i E750. ON Oa sight Miley erate 17 50 Sali gota 16.00.) \ “gies we I4 00 SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. rin., 4 and 5 in. wide....... $10 00 | 1 in., 13 in. and w zin., 6in. wide............- ir 00 , 1%, ar 1 in., 7 in. wide and up...... IT 09 SHAKY CLEAR. * en 1in., 3, 4,5, 7,8 and gin. wide 17 00 | x in., ro in. and up wid Tin, Can Wide ov cre teers 17 00| 1%, 1% and pds . Wide. v5 : COFFIN BOARDS. > © No. 1, 1 in., r3in. and up.... 20 oo | No. 1, mill culls ING. Sic: gece et emu 17 00 | No. 2, or red BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED, : Extra clear (perfect)......... 23.00 {Nios 2-cree No. 1 (nearly clear). ........ a1 “5o | ING. yee eee Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.§ 8 50 18 ft Te Ae Age ico Sane 10 50 Tt a cele aie rretue eteeeeee II 50 22 And cant heehee 12 50 | Add $x to in length. SHINGLES, 18-IN. ; i >a ‘Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 25 | Standard brands. river Clear Buttes: see 2 00 XXXKX. * CPs | Clear Butts..... WHITE PINE LATH. Niooc: sh ast caeeateeene a nee 85 || WWocer- ees Hemlock..... ES LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLI : CANNE] Granulated!) . 7c. sake Apples, 2’5 oisawe ae Extra bright refined “gallons ... Bright Yellow......... Medium Yellow....... sf Oe Dark Mellow: ounce eae Raw Lass Sacer eitets wie eee eee SYRUPS AND MOLASSES. syrups. _ Per gallon bbls. 4 bbls. Dark ous shantoentaa eateries 25 30 WY, Cc bn ee oe ee ah, Sec, 30° 35 Bribie otc aa 35 40 VeryiBHeht: Wh one ieeas ss 50 00 Redpath’s Honey e tenner 40 : “ “2 gal pails 125 i «3 gal pails 150 MOLASSES. ' Per gal. Trinadad, in puncheons.. 0 32 0 35 oe DbIS. seats tec 0 36 037 et Te BbIss ee oe a 0 40 0 40 New Orleans, in bbis..... 0 30 0 32 Porto Rico, hdds ....-.... © 38 0 40 ee _ barrels ...... 042 044 Y % barrels.... 0 44 0 46 RICE, ETC. ‘ Per lb. Rice, Aracan. )o2 acess 3% 3% SE ETI he wo ascia ee giate OS St 434 AEC PAB Sain mee a co or 3 5 ce Mocha . y | Old Govern’ Imperial Secta woe Saas “¢ Extra Burmah. - 344 |Rio........ Dee SI Eee CRE Sees 614 63% | Planta “* Genuine Carolina.... 9% 10 Grand!Dake!...d.imcceeeiess 64% 6% Sago 2... see eens een ee ee 4% 5% TD atlocen acs cratsiste vain eeee 4% 5% White Beans, per bushel... .. 175 FRUITS. STI FOREIGN. _ c. per lb. | Apples, Dried, per Ib.. Currants, Provincial, bbls.. 334 4 me Evapanid 5 ¥% bbls 354 4% Ye Filiatras, bbls... 4 4 : a Re % bbls 436 454 TOBACCO AND Currants, Patras, bbls..... 5 5% | British Consols, 455 Twin ph “« ¥ bbis.. 5% 534 > «Sey eee = ‘© cases.... 5 6% | Ingots, rough and ee Vostizzas, cases.. 6% 7% | Laurel, 3's.- ss ‘ ¥% cases 634 7% | Brier, 7’s.. --. .- «« .5-crown Excelsior Y UndGs,.7 Sa-sy eee as (cases) csi tax 14 | Honeysuckle, 8's ee *« “ case.. 8% 834 | Napoleon. 8’s Dates, Persian, boxes...... 4% 5 Victoria t2's Figs, Elemes, rolb. boxes.. ro x2 | Brunette, 12's. ....._«.+--- = 9=CrOW! «(Gea y betes 16 18 | Prince of Wales, in caddies .. “Natural Figs, 28Ib bxs ... ... oy = Prunes, Bosnia, casks...... 4 4% | Bright Smoking H ED BCASES «cms ee. SB, a's (es eee HA 33 Hagsoo esky eee Lily 9 Sake Pome aaron * > AnchoriG, bags... ... ... | Diamond Solace, 7.'S= er cee ES Oe IR Ee! Getic aa! kee Myrtle Cut Smoking, ilb. tins.. 70° ot “« G&J, cases Yy |b. pg., 6 lb. boxes ‘ Raisins, Valencia, off-stalk. 434 ... | oz. pg., 5 Ib. boxes. . Selected........... Cree. p ; = ~ us ve git JUNE, 1895 NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. MONG the mills doing good work this season is that of C. & I. Prescott, Albert, which is cutting over 45,000 feet per day. In the plant is a lath-machine, which for two hours one day recently manufactured one bunch per minute, which is 6,000 an hour, or at the rate of 60,000 per day. The firm think they take the cake on this work. The mills of the province are at present very busy. The Snowball mill at Chatham is running, giving employ- ment to 200 men. Gibson’s new saw mill, at Blackville, will cut from 30,000 to 40,000 feet per day. The drives are all out in the main Tobique, except McCal- lum & Esty’s and Giberson’s. G. D. Prescott’s steam mill at West River is cutting 32,000 feet of deals per day, besides boards and ends. Stetson, Cutler & Co. employ 150 men and boys in one of their mills. They have recently added in one of their mills a Prescott band saw and edger. Burn’s portable saw mill, which was at work near Bloom- field, was destroyed by fire the early part of the month. It will be replaced at once by another mill. A raft of 60 joints of logs, belonging to Chas. Stillwell, of Waterloo, while in tow of the tug Martello, was broken up and went ashore in a northeast gale a few days ago. A despatch here from Mobile states that the schooner Anne E. Valentine, lumber-laden for Port Liman, dropped her anchor and went ashore in seven feet of water. There is some talk of the erection of a large pulp mill here, in which New York capitalists are believed to be interested. But at this writing nothing definite has developed. The shingle sawyers and bunchers, of Restigouche county, want IIc. and 14c. a thousand instead of 8c. and IIc., the rate last year. It is doubtful if employers will accede to the request. In place of shipping by rail this year, D. F. George, of Fredericton, will ship by schooner, thus saving, so he says, about $1.50 a cord on hemlock bark, which is the particular stock he ships. All the drives of lumber on the south branch of the Oromoc- to are on the rafting-grounds. There has been about double the quantity of lumber got out on these waters this season compared with last. It is uncertain yet whether A. Cushing & Co. will rebuild their mill recently destroyed by fire. In the meantime they are having their logs cut at Flewelling’s mill on the Kennebec- casis, the mill to run at night for that purpose. A log train is being run on the C. P. R. between Magagua- davic and Vanceboro, and will be continued until about the last of June. The logs which are being piled for Messrs. Mur- chie & Sons, of St. Stephen, are dumped into the St. Croix at Vanceboro. About 40 car loads are carried from Magaguada- vic every day. Newcastle is the centre of an extensive lumber business this season. W. A. Hickson’s saw mill has been running since the first of the month and employs about 150 hands, and cuts about 9,000,000 ft. of pruce lumber, 1,000,000 shingles and 4,000,000 laths. Messrs. D. & J. Ritchie’s lamber mill is also in active operation. The mill employs 200 men and cuts about 14,000,000 of spruce lumber, 7,000,000 lath, 2,000,000 pilings annually. Sr. Joun, N. B., May 25, 1895. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] ATIENCE is a virtue which needs to be freely exercised in the lumber business these days. This has not yet brought to the lumbermen of the Saginaw Valley that share of trade which they had reason to hope for in the month of May. Trade has improved over April, but falls short of what had been anticipated. Firms who have given the matter thought ~ say that the volume of trade will fall fully 25 per cent. below _ that up to the years preceding the panic of 1893. It sounds very like a chestnut to say that no doubt business will be better in the month to come, and yet there is reason to think that this will really be the case. Logs will commence to arrive from the Canadian shore in large numbers shortly and will be speedily cut into lumber by the mills here. Ina comparatively short time this cut will be placed on the market, and the view is entertained that stocks are just running bare enough at dis- tributing centres to make the demand larger than some hold _ will be the case. : The Tittabawassee River Booming Co., will bring down about 22,000,000 feet of logs. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN " Rail shipments from Saginaw points are increasing over water shipments steadily, and to an extent to discourage vessel ownets. : During the first four days of May there was shipped out from Bay City by vessel over 8,000,000 feet of lumber intended for Buffalo, Tonawanda and Ohio ports. F. W. Gilchrist, of Alpena, and who has large lumber in- terests in Canada, is also owner of a large fleet of lake vessels. and expects to do a good trade this season. Albert Pack, of Alpena, well-known to Canadian lumber- men, and one of the most enterprising members of the trade in this state, has been re-elected member of the police commis- sion in that city for five years. The saw-mills at Cheboygan expect to cut about 40,000,000 feet more lumber this season than last. The tug Mocking Bird is preparing to take boom sticks from Tawas to French River, making ready for the season’s rafting. The Canadian propeller Enterprise, which has come into the possession of F. W. Gilchrist, of Alpena, has been remod- elled, at a cost of about $20,000, She is now known as the Norseman, and made her first trip to Cleveland with a cargo of lumbex and cedar posts a few days ago. During April the lumber shipments from Saginaw were : Feet. QUiheeteaane joesrs ab daDaaen eR OU Cope ne EOn aH. 1,950,000 RIRSCU Gn ec dante eens sre eee Wernsled pisieetele shir rmiae 100,000 BRro meena at ayetnye merece cle Water should be blown from the bottom of the boiler when steam is not being drawn off, so that the water may be at rest and the sediment have an opportunity of set- tling. Water should be blown from the surface when steam is bemg drawn off, so that the water may be in ebullition and the scum floating onthetop. Ifthe water be below the pointer, the scum tap will blow steam ab: above the pointer, the scummer will miss the scum, SAFETY VALVES.—Lift each safety valve by hand in the morning before setting to work, to see that it is free. If there is a low-water safety valve, test it occasionally by lowering the water level to see that the valve begins to blow at the right poinc. When the boiler is laid off, examine the float and levers and see that they are “free, and that they give the valve the full rise. If the safety valves are allowed to go to sleep, they may get set fast. OPENING DRAIN TAPS AND STEAM PIpEs.—If the © boiler is one of a range, and the branch steam pipe between the junction valve and the main steam pipe is so constructed as to allow water to lodge therein, open the drain tap immediately the boiler is laid off, and keep - it open until the boiler is set to work again. Ifthe main steam pipe is so constructed as to allow water to lodge therein, open the drain tap immediately the engine is shut down, and keep it open till the engine is set to work again. If the water is allowed to lodge in the pipes, it is — was Se ; & JUNE, 1895 i eon, —————— THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 impossible to blow it out under steam pressure without danger. Attempting to do this frequently sets up a water-hammer action within the pipes, and from this cause several explosions have occurred. The only safe plan is not to let the lodgment occur, or to shut off the steam before opening the drain taps. SHORTNESS OF WATER.—If the boiler is found to be short of water throw open the fire doors, lower the dampers, ease the safety valves, and set the engine going, if at rest, so as to reduce the pressure. If the boiler is one of a series, shut down the junction valve. If there is reason to conclude that the water has not sunk below the level ot the furnace crowns, and they show no signs of distress, turn on the feed and either draw the fires quickly, beginning at the front, or smother them with ashes or anything ready to hand. If there is reason to conclude that the water has sunk below the level of the furnace crowns, withdraw, and leave the safety valves blowing. . Warn the passers by from the front. EASING THE SAFETY VALVES.—If either the ccn- struction of the boiler or the character of the feed water is such as to render the boiler liable to prime, the safety valve should be eased gently. TURNING ON THE FEED.—From experiments the as- sociation has conducted, it appears that this is the best thing to do in nearly every case, especially where the feed is introduced behind the firebridge, as it would tend to restore the water level, and at the same time to cool and reinvigorate the furnace plates. While, however, the experiments showed that showering cold water onto red- hot furnace crowns would not, as has been generally supposed, lead to a sudden and violent generation of steam which the safety valves could not control and the shell could not resist, it is thought that if the furnace crowns were very hot and just on the point of giving away, the generation of a few additional pounds of steam might turn the scale and lead to a collapse. Thus it might be wise to turn on on the feed in some cases and not in others, according to the extent to which the fur- naces were overheated, and this it is difficult to ascertain. Under these circumstances a hard and fast rule, appli- cable to all cases, cannot be laid down, and therefore, having regard to the safety of the fireman, the advice to turn on the feed, as a general rule is confined to those cases where the water has not sunk below the level of the furnace ground. DRAWING THE FiRES.—This ought not to be attempted if the furnace crowns have begun to bulge out of shape. It is an extremely responsible task to give any recom- mendation with regard to the treatment of a boiler when short of water and working under steam pressure, that shall be applicable to every case under every variety of circumstance. A boiler attendant has no right to neglect his water supply and allow it to run short ; nor has hea right to charge the fires without making sure that the furnace crowns are covered. Should he neglect these simple precautions it is impossible to put matters right without some risk being run. A boiler with hot fires and with furnace crowns short of water is a dangerous instrument to deal with, and the attendant who has done the wrong must bear the risk. The best advice the as- sociation can give the boiler attendants on this subject is, do not let shortness of water occur. Keep a sharp look-out on the water-gauge. Use oF ANTI-INCRUSTATION COMPOSITIONS.—Do not use any of these without the consent of the asso- ciation. Ifused, never introduce them in heavy charges at the manhole or safety valve, but in small daily quanti- ties along with the feed-water. Many furnace crowns have been overheated and bulged out of shape through the use of anti-incrustation compositions, and in some cases explosions have re- sulted. EMPTYING THE BOILER.—Do not empty the boiler under steam pressuie, but cool it down with the water n; then open the blow-out tap and let the water pour out. To quicken the cooling the damper may be left open, and the steam blown oft through the safety valves. Do not, on any account, dash cold water on the hot plates. But in case of an emergency pour cold water in before the hot water is let out, and mix the two together so as to cool the boiler down generally, and not locally. If a boiler is blown-off under steam pressure the plates and brickwork areleft hot. The hot plates harden the scale, and the hot brickwork hurts the boiler. Cold water dashed on to hot plates will cause severe straining by local contraction, sometimes sufficient to fracture the seains. CLEANING OUT THE BOILER.—Clean out the boiler at least every two months, and oftener if the water is sedimentary. Remove all the scale and sediment as well as the flue dust and soot. Show the scale and sediment to the manager. Pass through the flues, and see not only that all the soot and flue dust has been re- moved, but that the plates have been well brushed. Also see whether the flues are damp or dry, and if damp find out the cause. Further, see through the thoroughfares in the glass water gauges and in the blow- out elbow pipe, as vellas the thoroughfares and the perforations in the internal feed dispersion pipe and the scum pipe are free. Take the feed pipe and scum troughs out of the boiler if necessary to clean them thoroughly. Take the taps, if not asbestos packed, and the feed valve to pieces, examine, clean and grease them, and, if necessary, grind them in with a little sand. ‘Examine the fusible plugs. All taps, whether asbestos packed, or weal: to metal, should be followed in working, especially whennew. The gland should be screwed down as found necessary so as to keep the plug down to its work, otherwise, it may rise, let the water pass, and become scored. PREPARATION FOR ENTIRE EXAMINATION —Cool the boiler and carefully clean it out as explained above, and also dry it well internally. When the inspector comes, show him both scale and sediment as well as the old cap of the fusible plug, and tell him of any defects that manifested themselves in working, and of any repairs or alterations that have been made since the last exami- nation. Unless a boiler is suitably prepared, a satisfactory entire examination cannot be made. Inspectors are sent at considerable expense to make entire examina- tions, and it is a great disappointment when their visits are wasted for want of preparation. PRECAUTIONS AS TO ENTERING BOILER.—Before getting inside the boiler, if it is one of a series, take off the junction valve handwheel, and if the blow-out tap is connected to a common waste pipe, make sure that the tap 1s shut and the key in safe keeping. From the neglect of these precautions, men working inside boilers have been fatally scalded. FusIBLE PLuGs.—Keep these free from soot on the fire side and from incrustation on the water side. Change the fusible metal once every year, at the time of prepar- ing for the association annual entire examination. If fusible plugs are allowed to become incrusted, or if the metal be worked too long, they become useless, and many furnace crowns have been rent from shortness of water, even though fitted with fusible plugs. GENERAL KEEPING OF BOILER.—Polish up the brass and other bright work in the fittings. Sweep up the flooring plate frequently. Keep ashes and water out of the hearth pit below the flooring plates. Keep the space on the top of the boiler free, and brush it down once or twice a week. Take a pleasure in keeping the boiler and the boiler house clean and bright, and in prevent- ing smoke.—The Safety Valve. WASTE IN CONVERTING A LOG INTO LUMBER. N the hardwood sections the most experienced esti- mators, says the Southern Lumberman, almost in- variably over-estimate the amount of lumber the stand- ing timber will make. It is not done with fraudulent in- tent, but simply because neither the estimators, the pur- chasers, or the manufacturers realize what a small per cent of the actual contents of a hardwood tree is con- vertable into merchantable lumber. In the pine forests the loss is less than in the hardwoods, because the pine trees are generally more nearly straight and of more uniform diameter at both ends of logs of the usual lengths. After a tree is cut into saw log lengths the amount of lumber that can be got from it can be very closely ascertained by the use of what is known as the Doyle rule as given in Scribner’s log book. This rule is in almost universal use where the logs to be measured can be seen all over, but does not apply generally to logs to be measured in water, asa raft. About the only thing that the lumber trade is in full accord on is this Doyle rule. About twenty years ago the publishers of Scrib- ner’s log book substituted it for the one the author had brought into wide use years before, and is now considered the standard. If we take the actual contents of a log and compare with the result given in Doyle’s rule we will find the loss ranges from 20 to 65 per cent., the loss being greater in the smaller logs. We get the actual contents by taking the mean diameter of the log, finding its cubical contents in feet and multiply by twelve to re- duce the cubic feet to board measure. The following table will illustrate this more fully : Met os So Resale : Os d| Md iS] = On =I os ak Os| o24 ke : u“—-3/ oro | o28 DIAMETER OF LOG. eacel a2e a5, Io FT. LONG, 245 BE =A cw 6000 2S~q io) Ol nE] 25 | ol BF ae Ol. Saito ons 4 & 5 aA & xo ~ e) = TON ES are peters le ieietete ere tare es 65 23 65 mot RO bom co cooeceo cee dooms 127 62 5I STM mt Se bn maton No Cane eee 167 go 46 TO iaMbMOh ac..re ca ctieleratsisgers/sreeic hes «ces 2I1 122 42 A), lO ene io Mead abt oa ye 261 160 39 PO re tns sou CD Oana Coote eae 376 250 34 Bio no cnn 0 SO OBo eee ais COGS 588 422 28 Ee UA Godan 505000 SEO SR Oe Ooage 847 640 25 Vice ted Ace dgds.30 ODE nee 1,046 810 23 50) = GRaabatd soo yea cEEIeOeS OOge 1,635 I,322 20 Thus it appears that while in a log 50 inches in dia- meter 80 per cent. may be converted into salable boards, this ratio drops to 35 as the diameter decreases to Io inches; a good argument against cutting young and small timber. LUMBERMEN'S x % SUPPLIES H. P. Eokardt & 60. WHOLESALE GROCERS A call from buyers when in the city solicited. Letter orders have careful and prompt attention. me TORONTO. CAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. DAVIDSON & tier Wholesale Grocers TORONTO THE GREATEST FOREST IN THE WORLD. PEt is the greatest forest in the world? The question was asked in the Forestry section of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, at its recent annual meeting. The importance of torests for equalizing the climate and the rainfall of the globe was under discussion, and the purpose of the ques- tion was to show where the great forest tracts of the world are situated. One member replying offhand, was inclined to main- tain that the greatest continuous tract of the forest lies north of the St. Lawrence river, in the provinces of Que- bec and Ontario, extending northward to Hudson’s Bay and Labrador ; a region measuring about 1,700 miles in length from east to west, and 1,000 miles in width north and south, A professor from the Smithsonian Institute rejoined that a much larger continuous area of timber lands was to be found, reckoning from those in the State of Wash- ington, northward through British Columbia and Alaska. But he limited his statement to North America, for he added, that, in his opinion, the largest forest in the world THE CANADA LUMBERMAN occupied the valley of the Amazon, embracing much of Northern Brazil, Eastern Peru, Boliva, Ecuador, Columbia and Guiana ; a region at least 2,100 miles in lengtb by 1,300 in breadth. Exceptions were immediately taken to this statement by several members who, in the light of recent explora- tions, have computed the forest of Central Africa in the valley of the Congo, including the headwaters of the Nile to the northeast and those of Zambesi on the south. According to their estimates Central America contains a forest region not less than 3,000 miles in length from north to south. and of vast, although not fully known, width from east to west. Discussion, in which the evidence afforded by travels and surveys was freely cited, seemed favorable to the defender of the Amazonian for- ests. Later in the day the entire question was placed in another light by a member who was so fortunate as to be able to speak from some knowledge of still another great forest region of the globe. This gentleman gave a vivid picture of the vast, solemn taigas and urmans, the pine, larch and cedar forests of Siberia. June, 1895 It appears that Siberia, from the plain of the Obi river on the west to the valley of the Indighirka on the east, embracing the great plains, or river valleys, of the Yenisei, Olenek, Lena and Yana rivers, is one great timber belt, averaging more than 1,000 miles in breadth from north to south—being full 1,700 miles wide in the Yenisei district—and having a lenyth from east to west of not less than 4,600 versts, about 3,000 miles. Unlike equatorial forests, the trees of the Siberian taigas are mainly conifers, comprising pines of several varieties, firs and larches. Inthe Yenisei, Lena and Olenek re- gions there are thousands of square miles where no human being has ever been. The long stemmed coni- fers rise to a height of 150 feet or more and stand so closely together that walking among them is difficult. The dense, lofty tops exclude the pale Arctic sunshine, and the straight pale trunks, all looking exactly alike, so bewilder the eye in the obscurity that all sense of direction is lost. Even the most experienced trappers of sable dare not venture into the dense taigas without taking the precaution of “ blazing” the trees constantly with hatchets as they walk forward. If lost there the hunter rarely finds his way out, but perishes miserably from starvation and cold. The natives avoid the taigas, and have a name for them which signifies “‘ places where the mind is lost.” a \ Y Y, if Hf i, A BEST MAIN DRIVE. GUARANTEED. Sole Canadian Agents apace: Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. Please mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding . with advertisers ... fj PE Ay into kngravins Bu The E. B. RICH CURE Pall S. = N Use BU _eth> E. B. RIGH & SON Famous Adiustablé Roller e~BAND SAW STRETCHER WHOLESALE DEALERS INae: HARDWOOD LUMBER * pats manufacturing or having for sale Birch, Maple, 940 E.x STREET —<1fh\ Basswood, Soft or Rock Elm, White or Brown Se . ; : BUFFALO, N.Y. Ash, &c., should correspond with us, as we are always in the market for such desirable stock. Annual Sales, 25,000,000 Feet. We have our own Salesmen in New York and New England. THE REID CO., OF TORONTO (LIMITED) Emery Wheels, LDONOGH & OLIVER LUMBER ~ Whotessleand Retail = , GOAL. Saw Gummers, vy. Grinding Machines for aarp fo kinds of Pine and Hardwood a Veneer, Planer and Paper Knives, &c., &c. S a Stontoe’ C2 WHOLESALE DEALERS IN LONG OAK BILLS A SPECIALTY ou Poa aang elven Office : Corner King and Berkeley Sts. Egonga, + en re = Dock: Foot of Berkeley St. ee ake . Py NADIANOFFIcé. URNG Semen LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES | (()2Qtinseetais MANUFACTURER OF = ti = : Lumber, Lath «Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. Batches wd BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. 1t Baye to. eo BRAGEBRIDGE, ONT. Tue CanapA LUMBERMAN A.+k.+ WILLIAMS Sono Machine Works; TOB@Gh fw MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN ERLE RL ELLE Saw Mill Machinery | j Shingle Mill Machinery 7m Hoop and Veneer Mill Machinery I Wood-working Machinery Se Lae Iron-working Machinery Srunrevanr Comeep Steam Fan anD HEATER D ELECTRIC LIGHT PLANTS. ELECTRIC MOTORS. ENGINES AND BOILERS OF ALL SIZES. [SSS SSS Write for a Circular and Catalogue, mentioning this advertisement. ‘SGURGEVANT : DRY : KILN ? PLANGS EXCEL ALL OTHERS IN EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY. SEND FOR SPECIAL STURTEVANT DRY KILN CATALOGUES. A. R. WILUAMS “Soho Machine Works, TORONTO emily i | ) TT I OO v a Poll | | CUT eee Youve XVI. TORONTO, ONT., JULY, 1895 \ gucletiies, 16 Cent IN USE BY Miao Leacine Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS ~—we—_DLI AGNOLIA WM SD Sik eg OA CE EB i ae eg Pikes CHICAGO ORFICE TRADERS” B UILBING & CO., AGENTS 74 Cortlandt St. NEW YORK “6 eae AUTOMATIC MORSE” VALVE’ MACHINE Tre. tig g& will reface Steam Valves in position. Should be in every Lumber Mill JET PUMPS. . “Rey PENBERTHY WATER GAGES (' OIL CUPS. . 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. le 85 OOO Engineers have 9 used it, and de- ARE THE BEST clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. re et ow, PENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. DETROIT, MICH. = Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHBRS . SOLE MANUFACTURERS . «Reliance Works,’? - MONTREAL. | 290990090009 H00OO0000H9009H000O9 ‘ c. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND $ What do you do bs @ 2 John Bertram ro Sons J L GOOdHIC X 60 g when the Band Saws Break? g CANADA TOOL WORKS Taawe . g Why, Solder them, of course @ DUNDAS ca ONTARIO. Sr Wg ey argc 3 We supply a tough quality of silver solder D3 SSS EES e060 rolled thin for this work. Price, $1.00 Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING cece \ $ per oz. Troy. $ write us = ag ee several we will AND LACE LEATHER g P. W. ELLIS 200. - TORONTO g ispose of at a bargain. 1 We _ | ee NUR SILICITED. Danville, Que. Pedicle. scssncgenoeseoses [Tm = EE et Besa EQS ===0==2 5 =] = E.R. BURNS SAW 60.-2e~Toronto Circular and Long Saws ys OFFICES BAN | ( -* SHINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY : : le : CARS PASS / .. AND... ayy \ \ : Vl . Ns BS Sw } ini sill’ \ THE “BURNS” CROSS-CUT SAW HANDLE oe ya) ANZ The Strongest, Most Durable and Easily Adjusted Handle ever invented. PATENTED JUNE 26, 1893 © ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT SA SSE THE CANADA LUMBERMAN THE NEW PRESGOTT i Band Saw ie \ _—— Z 7 | yuu “i \ | i ZA 4 Na iiK‘:;, ! Fs 4 i , a Sf || ka i —— eg A", , ' f a | Se | S i 6 eo \ ty | 5 > H j 8 egvEEBZAZZZZZ | EEEEEEAB®B@!” == : z ASSN \ », NS N \\ | WA ib Z | 1) \\ \\ i | < RA\ SB Ss SS S \\ SSCS SGGQV \ ENS NS SS THE WM. HAMILTON MEG. CO. LTtp: . PETERBOROUGH, ONT. Branch Office: Vancouver, Ree. \ ‘\ \ H KARINA CLM AQ \ U\ WN ‘N \\ \ : \\\\ AYA ai ‘ AY TH CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVI. NuMBER 7. TORONTO, ONT., JULY, 1895 ) Terms, $1.00 Per YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents, MANITOBA LUMBERMEN. SKETCH OF THE WESTERN RETAIL LUMBERMEN’S ASSO- CIATION AND ITS OFFICERS, WITH PORTRAITS. “Tn union there is strength.” —Old Proverb. UMBERMEN in Canada have been slow to realize the force of the old, but timely, saw which we have here quoted. Wherelumbermen’sassociationsare foundin good numbers in other countries, especially in the United States, their growth in Canada has been slow and stunt- ed. True, in Toronto there isa Lumbermen’s Section of the Board of Trade, but it is restricted to lumbermen who are members of this institution, and whilst in par- ticular cases it has put forth a good influence, yet, it can hardly be termed an association in the usual meaning of the term. Talk with lumbermen and they will admit the desirability of a union of the various members of the trade, but whatever the reason may be, it has been found next to impossible to get them together so that this end could be attained. In western Ontario, there did exist a few years agoan organization of hardwood men, which served an excellent purpose, and through methods of mutual protection, made money for by saving losses to its members. But if not actually dissolved, this asso- ciation has been an inactive force for several years. About a year ago, lumbermen of the Maritime Pro- vinces got together and formed an organization, which started out hopefully, though we are not hearing as much about it as ought to be the case with a living or- ganization. It is to the west thac one must journey to find an illustration of a real live organization of lumber- men in Canada. In Sept. 1891, there assembled in the city of Brandon, Man., about 25 retail lumbermen, hav- ing in view the starting of a lumbermen’s association. Compared with the membership to-day, and in fact with that which was reported at the second annual meeting, the members were few, but we are told that they were unanimous in purpose, and there and then the Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association was formed : constitu- tion and by-laws were adopted ; and officers appointed. Primarily, the organization is of retail men, and for their protection. To quote the Constitution: “The title of this Association shall be the Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association, and it shall have for its object the protection of its members against sales of wholesale dealers and manufacturers to contractors and consumers, and the giving of such other protection as may be with- in the limits of the co-operative Association.” Every trade has experienced the injustice of whole- salers and manufacturers passing the retailer by and selling direct to the consumer. More than once, with the purpose of remedying this trouble, a Round Robin has been signed by retail men in different mercantile lines, resolving to boycott certain wholesalers who have been guilty of this sin. The stand taken by Manitoba lumbermen has been simply this, that they were in the field as customers for the wholesaler and mill man, and they could be depended upon to supply the needs of the consuming public. This position did not mean antagonism to the wholesaler or manufacturer. On the contrary, one of the first steps was to enlist the interest of this branch of lumbering, and a clause was adopted in the constitution admitting as an honorary member any wholesaler or manufacturer who should pay into the treasury the sum of $10 annually. To the hon- orary members were given all the privileges of member- ship except that of voting upon any question at the meet- ings of the Association. At the end of seven months, when the first annual meeting was held, the member- ship consisted of 130 active members and 15 honorary members, which we are told included practically every wholesale and retail dealer within the jurisdiction of the Association. One excellent purpose has been served by this organi- zation in keeping down unhealthy competition. No one is debarred from entering the lumber business in any town, but by fixing uniform prices, cutting of prices is suppressed, and when a town becomes over crowded with retail lumbermen conditions soon adjust themselves by one or more dropping out of the business. The scope of the Association has been further extended by admitting to honorary membership manufacturers in British Columbia, as it is from that section, a consider- able quantity of lumber of Manitoba and the Northwest is drawn. Questions of freight rates and like matters have always received the attention of the Association, and when a grievance existed, active and business-like methods were promptly adopted to right matters. The territory of the Association covers the Province of Manitoba and certain portions of the Northwest Ter- ritories. The first president was Mr. Alex. Black, of Winnipeg, and this position he held until the annual meeting in February of this year, when Mr. J. L. Camp bell, who had been vice-president, was made chief execu- tive officer. The first secretary-treasurer was Mr. G. B. Housser, of Portage la Prairie, to whose energetic efforts, at the inception of the organization, is very largely due its success. At the end of the first year he was succeed- ed by Mr. I. Cockburn, who has since filled the position with much satisfaction to all the members. The whole management of the Association has been business-like and energetic. The treasury is never without a reasonable balance on hand. The secretary was made a paid officer, and devotes a large part of his time to the work. The Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association is a living example of the advantages to be gained by lumbermen forming themselves into a business organization for self-protection, mutual advantage, and common interest. The CANADA LUMBERMAN is pleased to publish in this number, on page 10, portraits of the officers of this successful association. These are: Presi- dent, J. L. Campbell, Melita ; Vice-President, Alex. Black, Winnipeg ; Sec.-Treas., I. Cockburn, Winnipeg. Directors: D. N. McMillan, Morden; J. M. Neilson, Carberry ; R. H. O’Hara, Brandon ; J. B. Mather, Glen- boro ; T. A. Cuddy, Minnedosa ; J. Dick, Winnipeg. ——$—_—_————————— THE CURIOUS PAPAW TREE. MONG the curiosities of the tree world is the papaw tree, called by botanists Carica papaya. This tree is a native of South America, and has been widely scat- tered in the tropical countries. It is popularly called the “melon tree.” It grows toa height of 20 feet. Its leaves are deeply 7-lobed, 2 feet in diameter and borne on footstalks 2 feet long. The fruit is somewhat like a mellon in appearance, Io inches long, oblong, ribbed and covered with a thick fleshy rind. The fruit is eaten raw or made into a sauce when ripe, and the green fruit is boiled as a vegetable or made into a pickle. The leaves, twigs, trunk and fruit contain an acrid milky juice, which has the singular quality of quickly softening the toughest meat boiled with a little of it. Even wrap- ‘ping the meat in the leaves or merely hanging it among the leaves will cause it to become tender. The seeds are used as avermifuge. The leaves are saponaceous. The proteolytic ferment obtained from the half ripe fruit is called papain, and it differs from pepsin in the respect that its proteolytic action goes on in either mental or alkaline solutions as well as in acid solutions. —————————— The total revenue from timber in Manitoba and the North- west to Ist January, 1895, was $1,038,328, and the total revenue from timber within the railway belt, $250,899. BY-TLHE WAY. A THIRD attempt to float a large raft of logs on the Pacific is about to be attempted. We do not know how wise this movement is to be considered. It would be worth something to lumbermen to be able to transport logs in this manner, but the two previous atttempts were so disastrously unsuccessful, involving a loss of about $40,000, that it may well be questioned whether it is the part of business wisdom to make another attempt. It may be that there is luck in odd numbers and that the third trial will prove a success. Let us hope that it may beso. The new raft is about 525 feet long, 52 feet wide, 30 feet deep, and draws 21 feet of water. The route will be out of the Columbia and down the Pacific Coast to San Francisco. Kies ge Ot THE prodigal manner in which the most valuable of timbers are cut and wasted is always a question of serious concern with thoughtful lumbermen. There are few men in the present day, who do not realize the sacrifices that were made through the manner in which white pine in times past suffered by the woodman’s axe. - To-day white pine is prized and every tree counts. The Northwestern Lumberman reads a lesson to those who would slash and cut down oak, as though the country was full of this valuable product. It pertinently says: “Perhaps after northern and southern pine there was never a more lavish and inconsiderate cutting of any American wood than of oak. The impression seems to have prevailed that there was no end of oak.” Oak occupies avery strong position on the market to-day, and it is simply suicidal to allow it to be sacrificed. It is a case of throwing gold dollars away. KT Oe BOX, © OK A TRADE journal, published in the Southern States, loses its head, when it says that it will take more than a reduction in freight rates to induce the people to go back to the use of common articles of twenty-five years ago, and classes as among these out-of-date materials white pine. In its ectasy of delight at the success of yellow pine, itsays: “Itis a much more beautiful wood for finishing than white pine; it is more serviceable ; has greater strength, and takes a superior finish as a building material. White pine is a back number, as far as beauty, taste and business uses are concerned.” Let -us give even the devil his due, and admit that yellow pine possesses many useful qualities. But when its fame is to be exalted by disparaging white pine, where the daily newspaper might be excused for this kind of nonsense, it is hardly pardonable in a class journal that ought to know better, and ought to speak on all subjects by the book. As has been remarked, more -than once, yellow pine has owed its foothold in white ‘pine districts largely to the price at which it has been -sold during a period of depression when the mass of con- sumers had to satisfy themselves with a cheaper article. Yellow pine has come to stay and will not want a ready market, but for many of the best purposes to which lumber is put white pine will, as it always has, hold in- ‘disputable supremacy. , _—————— A skillful carpenter ought to be able to ex-plane all j-oaks knot to in-tree-cate, and fir-thiee-more ke should be able to put up jams without jars. A European firm has adopted the practice of packing pieces of leather one against the other in the grooves of wheels used for wire rope driving, securing the leather at intervals by wire cord passing through the leather and holes in the pulley rim. The resistance to slipping is im- mensely increased, and the rope in. some cases wears fifty per cent. longer.—Power. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PLEA FOR THE FORESTS. A SuGGESTION THAT CANADA EsTaBLISH FORESTRY SCHOOLS. M* EDWARD JACK, a well-known New Bruns- wicker, and an expert in forestry, when in Ottawa a few weeks ago, was interviewed on the subject of Can- ada’s forest wealth. He said that Canadians did not know half nor quarter enough about their own timber interests. “The first thing we want to do,” he said, “is to get information as to our forests, their trees, character and extent. In order to do this we must have men suitably educated as foresters. This can be done only by the establishment of forestry schools. They should be lo- cated in some convenient forest; the buildings should be simple and the cost little. The parties to be taught forestry should be selected from among young men who have worked some winters in the woods and who have a fair education ; that is, who can read, write and whe understand the ordinary rules of arithmetic. Teaching should be confined to the summer months, thus the pupils would have the winter in which to work and thus gain a living. “‘ Young woodsmen would not have the wants of their city brethren. They could if needed cook their own simple meals and attend to tkeir own wants. The school need be but a temporary structure, a log cabin, or it may be built of boards, as only a shelter from sum- mer storms would be needed ; indeed a large tent or two would be sufficient. “The pupils should be selected with care, and only those taken who were anxious and willing to learn. The subjects to be taught should be land surveying and rough plan-drawing, and as much of botany, miner- alogy and geology as was absolutely necessary to show the pupil the relation of soil and air to the growth of the tree. After being taught plain surveying, one hundred acre tracts might then be surveyed and the pupil taught to estimate the number - of trees of various kinds or the number of thousand feet, b. m., of timber on such a lot to the acre, and the cost of hauling it to the nearest stream. This knowledge of cost of hauling most of them would already have.” “Do not lumbermen make pretty close estimates now ?” “Tn estimating the quantity of timber growing on any certain piece of land, lumbermen seldom have any fixed rules to go by,” said Mr. Jack, “and here is where the pupils of a forestry school would derive the greatest benefit, for when they had been taught to estimate the quantity of timber by rule so far as this is possible on a lot of land, their services would be of the greatest value to him who has dealing in timber lands. The course of study might comprise a period of four summers and the brightest and best pupils might be selected as instructors of others or as employees under the govern- ment, which needs the services of a number of well in- structed woodsmen, men who would be capable of going on the Dominion lands and of reporting on the timber standing therein, its quantity and present and prospec- tive value. “ Some years since I accompanied a party of members of the Roval Arboricultural Society of Edinburgh on a trip through some of the principal forests of Scotland. We remained over night among other places at a coun- try hotel on the Tay. The party comprised many dis- tinguished toresters. One, I remember, represented the Maharajah of Yohore. Each representative was called upon to describe the system of forestry adopted in the country which he represented, and I was asked in my turn to describe the forestry system of Canada. I was mortified enough when I had to reply that Canada had no forestry system. “A Japanese gentleman who was at the Forestry Ex- hibition held some years-ago at Edinburgh, heard with surprise the same thing, and told me that Japan then . had a forestry school with some thirty professors. “ The possession of a trained staff of practical forest- ers would be the means of saving hundreds of thousands of dollars annually to Canada. We have many woods, especially on the lower St. Lawrence and on or near the shores of New Brunswick, which we now look upon as of little or no value, but which in the near future will form the basis of great industries and will add much to our commerce. “T am the correspondent of L’Echo Forestier, a special organ of the French timber trade, published in Paris, and I learn from the editor that France stands ready to use some of these woods, and I hear the same thing as regards Spain from a correspondent at Barcel- ona. “The Intercolonial Railway crosses many rivers run- ning through great forests, nearly all at right angles, and I am satisfied that with a proper investigation into the character of the woods on these streams, made by competent men and published to the world in English, French and German, many very extensive industries in now unused woods would spring up, especially along the shores of New Brunswick, where labor is abundant and good, and where one can live as cheaply as he can in any part of the world, as the sea will furnish him with a greit part of his food, and where the soil is good enough to grow all the vegetables needed for a family.” THE WORKING SURFACE OF A PULLEY. L? has taken considerable time to settle the question in regard to belts made of leather, as to which side should run next to the shaft wheels, if, indeed, it has been settled, for even now it is rehashed occasionally by saw mill men, says an exchange. ° It is always a pleasure to see the best side of a belt stand out whenever a new belt is to be set in motion, and good looks go a long way on all such occasions. In spite of all tests that have been made on leather belting, nothing has ever been said of the extra cling that the flesh gets by being easily squeezed into every depression on the face of the pulley, which the grain side hasa tendency to bridge over. This seems to follow the law of friction where the particles of one ma- terial interlock themselves with those of another. Pul- leys covered with leather and wheels made of hard- wood of all kinds have given much greater driving power from the same grasp of belt than the hand- somely polished metal pulleys have done, though this latter class of wheels has all the advantages that are to be derived from atmospherical influences. But the fine imperfections on the true surface, which are the real gear teeth of friction, are not there in the abundance tound in the material that is more closely a ie 2 i allied with the belting itself. Everything would seem to indicate that a driving wheel 1s finished in the wrong — direction when a covering of leather adds so much to its ~ driving capacity. i The teeth of gear wheels are not cut lengthwise, and - this gives all the hold that its strength will allow to the turn of a pulley, with the finishing cut taken crosswise — and ground on a polishing wheel, herringbone fashion. — This may not be appreciated in the machine shop, but the object to be obtained is the very one that a draw — file is used for, namely to pitch the minute grooves found on every surface in the right direction. CONCERNING FIRES. ie is very generally argued, that when a boiler is being heavily worked, a thick fire is absolutely necessary, but from some experiments lately made, the opinion ap- pears to be an erroneous one. As to the economy of the two, some maintain, that heavy fires give the most economical results ; but this, also, is questionable. Valu- able information on the subject has recently been brought out by the results of two evaporative tests, says the Mechanical World. They were made on a 72-inch return tubular boiler, having 1,000 34-inch tubes, 17 feet in length. The heating surface amounted to 1,642 square feet, and the grate surface to 36 square feet, the ratio of the two being 45.6 to1. On the thick fire test, the depth of the coal on the grate varied from eight to twenty inches, being heaviest at the rear end, and light- est at the front end. On the thin fire test, the depth was maintained uniformly at about six inches. The differ- ence in the results, as appears from the figures given, indicates an increased evaporation, due to thin fires amounting to 15.6 per cent. He vho wood-pile up his fortune to the skies must knot forget to advertise. The “last ” man among the wood-workers is awl-ways the first among the shoemakers. : When a man devises a little tool that helps the work along faster and better than before, show him you appre- ciate it, either by making his work easier, giving him better work, by a money consideration, or last but not least, letting him see that you consider him a valuable man with valuable ideas.—Machinery. — MEASUREMENT OF LUMBER. The following table shows comprehensively the number of feet contained in scantling or timber of given sizes: la —. ——LENGTH —. —— SIZE 12 14 16 18 20> 22 eed 26.28 | 301.) 1:32") 4534) 30g een Tey oxime 8 9 II 12 13 15 16 17 19 200 ~Jie I xX 10 10 12 13 15 17 18.) "26° ese Roa eee Ex Va2 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 2 aS 6 7 8 9 fe) II 12 13 14 Ly 16 Ae 8 9 II 12 13 15 16 17 1G. p20 eon 23° 434" ae Zi (6 12 14 16 18 Sor (2 24) 260 125 30) ("3382 34 36 ee 40 2x. 8 16 19 21 24. 27, 29 32°) 35 37) 40 5 4 ee 2X 10 20, 23° 27 30 33.) 37 3 AO 43g a7 50 55a 2m 24-28 32 36 4O 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 92) 3 7b io “see 12 14° 16 18 20 22,, 24 26 28 “30 04200 gga ox 18. 21- 24 27 ' 30. 33 1 36° 39 (42°) 45) ee Pie ue 2A 2 32 36: 40) 4 Aa eas 52 56° 60 (64 "See pe a oma 3.x 10 30 35 40 45 50 55. Go 165 (700) 75 80! eee ee 2 Spee 30% Eas 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90 96 102 108 114 120 4% 4 6 19 2 24 27). 29. 32 935 37 AO 4g AO KEG, 24 28 32 36 4o 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76' 80 4x 8 32 37 (43. 48 (53). 59) G4 9 6959 75 80) 85" 191 Oe eee 4 xX! 10 4o 47 53 60 67 73 80 87 63 100° 107 It3” / 120) ieee Ae Sa 48 56 64 72 80 838 96 104 I2 120° 128 136° 144° “D525 i6a oxo 36 42 48 54 60 66 ae 78 84 go 96. 102 108 * Tia ee OLKE aS 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 “To4 192) 9 >1207 728) 1s6 "aay ee 160° 6 xX 10 60 70 80°. -9g0' 00. Ifo “120° 130) 140, “Tho 1Go0" nyo) 180) pe) eee 6° xin 72 84 96. ao8. 120 _ 132) )/14qp W56) 168" “180 162) S2040 5 216 ees were 81K ao 64 75 85 96.. 107 9 197)... 128 S139) AAO G00 47 Sr G2 ea y oe Six To 80 93.107. 120 133) .@t47) 2160 17.37 0187 200 821 See 710 ened Sex 2 96 112 128 144 | 160 - 1767) (192'" (208) 224-240" F256 272 2sa Bon Ieeco 10 X 10-100 117 -133>.' 150. 167. 183™)200) 257) 07333) 25emco 7 2030 SOc eee IO X 12 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 IZ xe 12 144 168 192 216 240 264 288 312 336 360. 384 408 432 456 480 -— yap JULY, 1895 aes it ee - THE CANADA LUMBERMAN : THE TIMBER TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. AMERICAN WHITE OAK ee tree derives its name from the pale-ash colour of its bark, and very noble logs of timber are pro- duced from it. The wood 1s .of a pale, reddish-brown colour, straight-grained, moderately hard and compact, tough, strong, and of fair durability. Being remarkable for its elasticity, planks cut from it may, when steamed, be bent into almost any form or curve, no matter how difficult, without danger of breaking or splintering them. It is considered by far the best foreign oak timber, of straight growth and large dimensions, for constructive purposes that has ever been imported. The American white oak timber, introduced in 1861, was used in the royal dockyards as a substitute for British oak, chiefly for beams, keelsons, and other works requiring large scantlings. At the moment of its introduction, however, the great change took place by which iron was substi- tuted for wood in shipbuilding ; consequently the de- mand for it fell, and very little of this wood has been placed upon the London market for employment in the private trade. THE AMERICAN LIVE OAK is an evergreen, and is found principally in the Southern States, near te the sea-coast. The wood is dark brown in colour, hard, tough, strong, heavy, and very difficult to work, on account of the grain being waved, or twisted. It makes good mallets for carpeaters, and would be use- ful for cogs in machinery, and many other services where great weight is not an objection. . BALTIMORE OAK. is so called from the shipments being made chiefly from Baltimore. The wood is of a reddish brown ‘colour, somewhat darker than the white oak, and less hard and horny in texture. It is moderately strong, and the quality fair. It might be used with advantage for many minor fitments in ships, and for general purposes in carpentry, as it is easy to work and stands well after seasoning. It is not, however, recommended for use where great strength is required. CANADIAN RED OAK. This wood is brown in colour, has a fine, straight, clean grain, is somewhat porous, shrinks moderately without splitting, is easy to work, and stands well after seasoning. Large quantities are usually imported an- nually into London, and a far greater quantity into the Liverpool market for the use of cabinet makers and general dealers, who employ it for the manufacture of furniture and in the domestic arts, but as a building wood it is considered unfavorable, and unfit for works requiring strength and durability. CANADIAN ASH. The timber of this tree is often confounded with the American white ash also found in Canada. It attains good dimensions, and yields the timber of commerce in logs varying from 20 ft. to 4o ft. in length, by from 10 in. to 16 in. square. Our rafters are also produced from it. The wood is reddish-brown in colour, and consider- ably darker than the English ash. It 1s plain and straight in the grain, moderately hard and heavy, tough, elastic, and easy to work. It is very suitable for employ- ment for oars to boats, and is consequently in great re- quest for that service, while its economical uses are as wide and general as that of our native growth. AMERICAN ASH, OR WHITE ASH. The wood is light brown or whitish in colour, of very moderate hardness and weight, is tough, elastic, clean, and straight in the grain, and quite easy to work; it stands well after seasoning, and hence we get from this tree the best material for oars for boats that can be pro- duced. The best quality wood has a clean, bright, uni- form whitish colour. CANADA ROCK ELM. This wood 1s whitish-brown in colour, hard, tough and flexible, with a fine, smooth, close, silky grain; and, as it has only a small quantity of sapwood, it can be worked up closely and economically. Rock elm is used for ladder steps, gratings, etc.; on account of its clean whitish appearance, and owing to its flexible characte: it is frequently used in boat building. It cannot, however, be used with advantage in bulk, or ‘even in plank, if exposed to a dry current ofair, as under such circumstances it is very. liable to split with fine deep shakes from the surface. Large quantities of this wood are imported annually into London and Liverpool for coachmaking, turnery, boat building, etc. AMERICAN WALNUT. The wood of the American black walnut is whitish brown in colour, moderately hard, straight and plain in the grain, splits freely, and is easy to work; the heart is much darker, however, whence the name, and is very durable and handsome. The uses of walnut wood are chiefly for furniture and pianoforte making ; it is also much used for gun stocks. CANADIAN AND AMERICAN BIRCH. There are several species of birch tree in North America. The wood is of a yellowish colour, moderate- ly hard, straight and even in the grain, close in texture, and easy to work. It is imported into this country in logs varying from 6 ft. to 20 fi. in length by 12 in. to 30 in. The heart-shake is small, and the wood near the pith is, for the most part, solid. Very little loss can therefore arise from its conversion. It is used exten- sively for furniture, turnery, and in a variety of ways in the domestic arts. The canoe birch obtains its name from the use of the bark by the Indians. PRESERVATIVES OF WOOD. PN aaa of wood have always been troubled by the proneness of the material to decay, says a writer in the Lumber World. In most quarters of the world, timber is certain to rot rapidly, because of the cliamatic conditions. In a few regions the climate favors wood, so that it will last centuries, but on the whole wood is perishable material, and in all ages builders have wished to find means to render it more lasting. It is a little singular the ancient Egyptians, who ap- pear to have mastered the art of preserving the bodies of men, cats and other animals, have left no record to show that they ever attempted the preservation of wood. History 1ecords no serious experiments in the line of wood preservation until modern chemistry was developed. In the latter part of the eighteenth and the early part of the nineteenth centuries the chemists experimented on perishable woods with preservatives, and up to 1816 the record shows that the following substance had been used to impart lasting qualities to wood and other sub- stances: Selenite, alumine, copper sulphates, iron sul- phates, resins, mineral coals, charcoal powders, vegeta- ble oils, charring, essential oils, barytes, quicklime, com- mon salt, corrosive sublimate, sulphate of zinc, coal-tar nitrate of silver, carbonate of silver, arsenic and caustic soda. Some of these substances gave good results, but the first great advances in preserving wood were made after the year 1830. Among the first valuable process of preserving wood was “kyanizing,” so named after the inventor, Kyan, who patented his process in 1832. This process em- loys corrosive sublimate. The next advance was made by Margray, who in 1837 patented a process employing sulphate of copper. In 1838 and again in 1848, Bethel patented the process known as “creosoting,” in which cresote or coal-tar isused. Burnette in 1838 and 1840 patented the process called “burnettizing,” using chloride of zinc. Countless other processes have been brought out, us- ing various other antiseptics, but the four named pro- cesses have led all others. At this time the chloride of zinc and the creosote process are extensively employed, while others have fallen into comparative disuse. The timber is treated in several ways. The wood may be steeped for a given time in the antiseptic solu- tion, or the solution may be fed to the tiee while grow- ing. Mechanical force, generally hydraulic pressure, may be employed to inject the solution into the fresh wood in the open air or in aclosed vessel. Kyanizing is done by steeping the wood in the solution. The prin- cipal method now employed is the use of hydraulic pres- sure in a closed vessel. Preservative treatment of wood has been reduced to something like an exact science. The process generally employed is as follows: The wood is placed in hermeti- cally-sealed 1ron vessels, and for several hours subjected to steaming at a pressure of about twenty pounds to the square inch. The steaming liquefies the sap and raises the temperature of the enclosed air. The steam is let out, and air-pnmps exhaust the air from the vessels. The sap is driven out of the wood, and next the preser- vative solution is introduced into the vessel. Hydraulic pressure is applied by pumps, and the chemicals are driven in to the sap-cells in the wood under a pressure of 50 to 160 pounds to the square inch. requires from three to twelve hours. This process Creosoted timber for weather exposure receives from _ eight to ten pounds of creosote to the cubic foot, and for : use in water where wortns attack wood the quantity in- jected ranges from ten to twenty pounds to the cubic foot. Wood to be creosoted is cut to size before being treated. Creosoted railway ties last from ten to twenty years, and creosoted piles in the sea last from ten to twenty years. Burnettizing is accomplished similarly to creosoting. In this process the chloride of zinc is introduced at the temperature of the atmosphere instead of being heated. Different woods vary in their capacity for absorbing solutions. Open-grained and porous woods are better for treatment than hard, close woods. In the chloride of zinc process a too weak solution will wash out, while atoo strong solution will destroy the wood. German burnettizers use a 1.9 per cent. solution of zinc, while Americans have used 3,75 to 5 per cent. solutions, which made the woods brittle. Another process uses two solutions, the first one chloride of zinc mixed with a small amount of gelatin, and the second solution of tannin. These are injected successfully in the usual way. The tannin and gelatin form an insoluble compound, which blocks the pores and prevents the zinc from being washed out. Railroad ties treated in this double way have given satisfactory re- sults. Germans mix chloride of zinc with about eight per cent. of creosote, making an emulsion that is preser- vative. French experiments with saline solutions-and electric currents enable the experimenters to doin one hour what would require from ten to forty hours to do with the solution alone. The electric currents are sent through the wood while immersed in the solution. The principal uses of wood preservatively treated are for piles in sea water were teredos abound, for railroad ties, and for conduits for electric wires underground. AS EDITOR DEFEBAUGH SEES IT. fe NE of the things that impressed me in my contact with Buffalo and Tonawanda lumbermen,” says Editor Defebaugh, of the Timberman, “ was the easily de- monstrated demoralization of the trade in connection with lumber by reason of the recent change in the tariff laws as affecting the distribution of Canadian stock. It is well known that the high-class lumber product of Canada finds resting place on other shoves, and the difficulty in the past has been to find a market for com- mon grades. By a modification of the tarift laws, the Canadian manufacturers can come to Buffalo and the United States for their common stock in competition with similar lumber from this country, and have thereby greatly lessened the field of operations of wholesalers at the points mentioned. It does not take lumbermen whose business is located on the American side of the Falls long to allude to this subject in a discussion of lumber trade matters with newspaper men. Certainly the tariff question as a local issue is clearly defined, for in localities where Buftalo and Tonawanda have had little competition, and none from Canada, large inroads have been made by Canadian operators. And, mind you, our Canadian neighbors have other things to sell. They grow hay on the other side, and for purposes to which the dried grass is usually applied—that of furnish- ing lining for horses and cows—their hay is just as good and goes quite as far as the states-grown article, while the price is from $3 to $7 less per ton than the figures current before the freedom of the country was extended to our excellent neighbors.” ES New ENGLAND manufacturers lead the procession in the all-round, economical, general utilization of wood. THE average logger may not dress like a dude, but he’s always a “very chipper feller” for a’ that and a’ that. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE FIRST OF EACH MONTH i Cc. HH. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION; One Copy One Year, in advance ...............sceeceeecceeeees $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue CANADA LuMBERMAN is published in the intcr-=ts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Domini », being the only re- presentativein Canada of this foremost branch of the cuusmerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these ‘interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. ~ Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetrr* Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the Canapa LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce- ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. WARNING ubseribers and_advertisers are hereby warned not to pay money on account of this journal other than to our duly authorized agents, who are provided with our official form of receipt. This official receipt is the only one which will be recognized in the ease of money paid to col- lectors. A CANADIAN LUMBERMAN’S ESTIMATE CHALLENGED. THE statement made by Mr. W. C. Edwards, M. P., of Rockland, and quoted by the government statistician in his monograph on “The Forest Wealth of Canada,” that ten times the amount of forest wealth has been de- stroyed in Canada through fire than has been cut by lumbermen,is vigorously disputed by the Timber- man, of Chicago. It says, that this is one of a class of statements too common among luinbermen, both in the United States and Canada, and seriously damages the cause of forest preservation. Our contemporary, taking its own country as an illus- tration, argues in this manner. It is supposed that there is cut annually in the United States about 25,000,000,000 feet of merchantable lumber and timber. Assuming that the high average of 10,000 feet is found to the acre, this means 2,500,000 acres, or 3.906 square miles must be on the average burned over annually, or a stretch of country 400 miles long and 100 miles wide, destroying each year 250,000,000,000 feet of timber. If we restrict it to white pine only and assume that the products in the three states of Minnesota, Wiscons:n and Michigan is 7,000,000,000 feet per year, by the same process we find 10,940 square miles burned over annually in those states, which to say the least are as susceptible as any to forest fires. This is equivalent toa territory more than 100 miles square. The most extensive fire in the history of the country occurred last year, when at a rough estimate 1,500,000,000 feet of timber was damaged or destroyed. According to Mr. Edwards’ statement 70,000,000,000 feet were destroyed, not merely in such an extraordinary year as was 1894, but each year by fire in those three states. i It is to be remarked that Mr. Edwards in a letter written to the Commissioner of Crown Lands of Quebec some time since makes even a stronger statement than that quoted from his speech in the House of Commons. Referring especially to certain lumber districts in eastern Ontario and Quebec, he wrote:. “I think I am safe within bounds when I say that in the region of country with which I am dealing 20 times as much merchantable timber has been destroyed by fire as has been cut and taken away by the lumbermen, to say nothing of the young and undersized pine destroyed at the same time, for fire destroys indiscriminately, while the judicious lumberman preserves the young and growing pine for future uses.” Mr. Edwards’ first statement was made on the floor of parliament in the hearing of a number of gentlemen engaged in lumbering operations, who also hold seats in the House, and he appealed to them fora verification of the statement he was making. No one contradicted it. The calculation of the Timberman places Mr. Edwards’ figures in a peculiar light. It is a hard matter to estimate how great has been the loss to Canada or the United States from the destruc- tion of its forests by fire. But if we go back a little in his- tory there will be found atime when this loss far out- stripped the cut that was made by lumbermen from year to year. And in the aggregate this destruction of the past must have reached enoimous figures. It would be lamentable, if in recent years, when lumbering opera- tions have reached great activity, that the destruc- tion of forest products by fire should exceed double, much less ten times that felled: by the lumberman’s axe. But viewed, as we can understand Mr. Edwards has viewed the question, it may be doubted whether, after all, his statement is an extravagant one. However, Mr. Edwards is quite able t> make his own reply, and we shall be glad to hear from him in answer to this criti- cism from our Chicago contemporary. WOOD AND METAL RAILROAD TIES. THE railioads of Canada and the United States are among the largest consumers of lumber. Without mak- ing any reference to the consumption of forest products in car building, if we take the one item of railroad ties the figures assume large proportions. Mr. Geo. John- son, government statistician, calculates that for the 18,590 miles of railway in Canada, for railroad ties alone, 3,340,000 acres will be required to supply the consump- tion with 530,000 acres for each year’s demand. An investigation, that has been made by the forestry division of agriculture of the United States, and em- bodied in an exhaustive report of nearly 400 pages, by Mr. E. E. Russell Tratman, A. M. Soc., C. E., shows that metal ties are, in part, supplanting wooden ties in many European countries. In Asia, 14,586 miles are laid with metal ties, where the total railroad mileage is not more than 22,000 miles. Africa has 2,041 miles of metal ties, out of 5,675 miles ofrailroad. InSouth America, Central America, West Indies and Mexico, 21 per cent of the railroads are laid with metal ties, or 4,416 miles out of 21,500 miles. In Europe only about 10 per cent. of the 137,000 miles of railroad use metal ties. Germany stands at the head of European countries building its railroads in this manner, the total being 11,605 miles. In the United States and Canada, though there is an in- crease of metal ties, the percentage is barely 18 per cent. of the entire railway mileage of those countries. Railroad corporations on the whole favor wooden ties, andthe policy is rather to employ methods of preserving the wood than adopting metal ties. Of the woods used oak takes the first place, represented by 60 per cent. of the total number of ties in service ; pine 20 per cent.; cedar 6 per cent.; chestnut, 5 per cent.; hemlock and tamarac, 3 per cent.; red wood, 3 per cent.; cypress, 2 per cent.; various other woods 1 per cent. Mr. Tratman observes that white oak is the best wood both for wear and durability combined. Pine is largely used in its numerous varieties, of which white and yellow pine are the best, although the preference is given to the former, as it is slower to decay. It will last from 7 to 8 years under heavy traffic or Io years under light traffic, ’ where yellow pine will decay in about 6 years, though it Juty, 1895 : = will resist wear for even Io or 12 years. Hemlock is largely used, but its chief recommendation is cheapness, — It gets soft under the rails and at the spike holes. — Spruce is about the same, lasting from 3 to 7 years. _ ‘The suggestions made by Mr. Tratman as to the best time. and methods for lumbering tie timber are valuable. Winter is the best time for felling tie timber, especially — if it is to be used without seasoning, as it then contains — less fermentable substance and seasons more slowly and evenly before the temperature is warm enough to cause — fermentation to set in. Ties should always be left to season for at least six months, and a year is even better, — as ties properly seasoned are far superior in efficiency to — those used at once. Theties should be barked and piled rows of 8 to 12, the ties placed about 6-in apart and the ~ inrows separated by two ties at right angles to them. Ties should be made from sound, thrifty, live or green timber, free from loose or rotten knots, worm holes, dry rot, wind shakes, splits or other imperfections, which effect their strength or durability. It is only very recently that railroads have paid close attention to the importance of watching cost of renewal of ties. A few years ago the cost of renewals was but a fraction of the cost of rail renewals ; now the figures are reversed, and tie renewals offer an opportunity for large reduction in expenses. Statistics are given, showing an increased ratio of tie renewals to rail renewals, ranging in 1890-91 to Ioo for rails and 111 to 398 for ties. Cau- tion is also exercised now in the removal of ties, it hav- ing been the case in the past that many ties in compara- tively sound condition have been removed, through the indifference of those having the work in charge. Valuable customers as are the railroads of the country for timber for ties, it would be unwise to suggest any- thing otherwise than the closest economy and the wise- est care in the disposition of forest products for this pui- pose. Mr. B. E. Fernow, the United States forestry expert, in a word of introduction to Mr. Tratman’s re- port, points out that it can be a question of only a short time when even wood for railroad ties will become scarce, and it behooves those interested in this branch of pro- duction to make themselves acquainted with the best process for preserving wood used for railroad ties. For- tunately this is a phase of the question that has been studied with a good deal of care, and there are to-day some excellent processes to be used for this purpose. EDITORIAL NOTES. THE Railway Review, published in the United States, raises an interesting discussion regarding lumber rates. It says : “ While it is coming to be almost universally admitted, that the principle of charging what the traffic will bear is, when applied in its proper sense, the correct basis on which rate schedules should be formulated, it is also coming to be believed that without such a basis some method by which railroads can be protected from dishonest shippers on the one hand and equally dishonest associates on the other, must be pro- vided. The theory that, aside from the question of risk, it costs no more for a railroad to haul a ton of gold than a ton of lead, or a bolt of silk than an equal weight of calico, therefor the transportation charges should be practically the same, now finds few advocates, but the railroad manager and the hardwood merchant who both admit that a case of high price shelf gcods should pay — a higher rate than an equal weight of iron bolts, find when they come to put the theory into practice there are dishonest shippers who will offer, and dishonest railroad men who will accept, a shipment of shelf hardware under the description of iron bolts and thereby defeat the object of discriminate theory. This subject is just now agitating lumber mill men who wish to obtain a market for their low grade lumber, which under the present basis of.rates, is not only practically refuse stuff, but a nuisance as well as a constant source of danger. They understand full well that because of the possibilities in- herent in the dishonest combination referred to that the railroads can safely issue a reduced tariff on such pro- duct, but they also know that properly handled that traffic would prove a source of revenue to both them- selves and the railroads and at the same time put upon the market lumber that, for some purposes, could be employed where a more expensive grade was now being a? ud fe “> . Jury, 1895 EE ———————————————————— na used. Here is a problem im transportation that may profitably engage the attention of those interested. That it ought to be possible to market this product which is now going to waste is a self evident proposi- tion, but how under present competitive conditions it can be accomplished is decidedly problematical.” How Canadian lumbermen would relish a fixing of rates on the basis here suggested is an interesting question to propound. There is certainly an advantage in allowing poorer grades of lumber to be carried on a low rate, and this might have the effect of causing activity in lumber- ing in certain sections to day where the better lumber is cut away. But there is much to be said in another direction, and this would be, as Rudyard Kipling has said, another story. The matter in any case is sugges- tive, and we would be glad to have letters from our readers saying how the Railway Review’s proposition strikes them. AN illustration of how thoroughly the growth of Canadian communities has centered around the lumber industry 1s found in a review of the lumber trade of Belleville, published in the fine special issue of the “Daily Sun” of that city. We are told that the history of the lumber industry in Belleville is almost a history of the city itself. The growth and development of the lumbering interests was, for many years, a barometer of that city. And then when the decline of the industry set in the city reverted for support to the agricultural and dairy interests. To-day the lumber industry is re- presented by but one concern that makes a sole business of lumbering in all its branches. This is the business of Mr. C. P. Holton, who first established in Belleville in 1872. At the time he commenced business there were no less than thirteen mills in and around the city all within a radius of three miles and all in active opera- tion. A prominent lumberman of the early days was the Hon. Billa Flint. At that time there were also the following well-known lumbering firms established in Belleville: H. B. Rathbun & Co., Buck & Stewart, Job Lingham, Geo. Hanwell, Jones & Vandusen, Page & Co., Lewis & Kerr, Alexander Sutherland, D. D. Bogart, Wm. Bleecker, Foster & Sutherland, W. A. Ostrum, James Ross, John T. Lattimer, Baker, Jones & Co., Jacob Sills and Pope & Andrews. When these estab- lishments were all running a large export business was done, but at the present time trade is almost entirely ofa local character. What has been Belleville’s history has been the history of many other towns and cities in the province, and will be the history of others, as the forests become depleted and the available timber removed from the saw. From the north, the south, and away off on the Pacific Coast, comes the one call for an advance in lumber prices. “Seldom have we seen so generally expressed a desire that lumbermen in all districts should resolve on falling into line with the hardening of values in iron, steel, leather, wheat and other commodities, and secure an advance in prices. Lumber for two years past, at least, has been sold at most profitless prices. In some sections of the country these conditions have been more aggravated than in others, the greater recklessness, to use a term none too strong, being manifested on the Pacific Coast. But white pine men have no occasion to feel elated at the margin of profit that has been left to them of recent years. Yellow pine men have this time led in the van and organized themselves and fixed on better prices. Perhaps they had as great occasion as anyone to take this step, for everyone knows how prices in the south have been slaughtered for years. Others can now well afford to follow their example. In the natural course of commerce, it is expected that with a revival in business in almost every line, lumber must follow a like course. But after all, what is done will de- pend upon lumbermen themselves. If they are satisfied to let things drift and not move in the direction of better prices, they will be just that much ‘longer in placing their business on the improved basis that, seemingly, is going to be the record with other trades. Let lumber- men in the different sections shove up their prices a notch or two and it will not be long before the trade generally will fall into line. For it is something every- one is waiting for, though no one seems to have the courage to take the first step. eee OCA ADA TUMBERMAN 7 THE town of Medford on the Wisconsin Central Rail- way was struck recently by a cyclone, which overturned buildings and uprooted trees but left intact a new hotel which was in process of construction, and this hotel it seems was framed with hemlock timber, which has a reputation for toughness. The circumstance has caused Wisconsin papers to raise a boom for hemlock lumber, and it has brought this wood before the lumber trades in a manner which was quite out of the regular history of hemlock. This wood is found in large quantities in Wisconsin, the bark being used extensively for tanning purposes. For some little time, however, hemlock has been coming more to the front, and the suggestion has been made more than once that the future would find it largely put to uses that hitherto had not been the case. And as white pine becomes scarce it may be expected that hemlock will serve as one of the substi- tutes. One thing is sure, that in those districts where hemlock is stripped for the sake of the bark the wood itself cannot be allowed to go to waste. In different parts of Ontario hemlock is to be found in considerable quantities, and it has been noticeable that in the reports throughout different parts of the country published regularly in the Weekly Lumber- man, hemlock has been spoken of by a number of corres- pondents as being in growing demand. In the issue of June 12th Mickle & Dyment, of Gravenhurst, reported that hemlock is among the woods in largest demand. Geo. Thompson, of Wingham, tells the same story. The growing scarcity of white pine will force many different classes of wood to the front, and in this particular inter- esting changes will be made in the lumber business, which intelligent men will study with profit. LUMBERMEN owe much to Mr. W. C. Edwards, M.P., the well-known Ottawa lumberman, for the persistent and intelligent manner in which he has agitated for greater care in the preservation’ of Canadian forests from fire. He has recently written a letter of length to the Com- missioner of Crown Lands, Quebec, making many valuable suggestions on this matter. He speaks with a minutely familiar knowledge of the lumber districts of eastern Ontario and Quebec. His suggestion is that fire rangers be appointed, to be named by the lumber- men, the crown and the lumbermen each to contribute one half the payment of their salaries. An important matter, he says, would be the appointment of wise and judicious men who would create a good feeling among the settlers and impress upon them the great and impor- tant truth that the preservation of the forests and the continuance of the lumber trade is their salvation from two sources, namely, in supplying them with both work and markets for their produce and also averts to as late a day as possible direct taxation, which must surely come when the revenue from the forests ceases alto- gether or 1s lessened very much. He points out also another serious source of loss to Quebec, and at the same time a great wrong to limit holders, namely, the practice of buying lots in certain townships ostensibly for settlement, but really for the purpose of securing at nominal cost the standing timber. He says: “ For in- stance, in our case, all the limits we hold are old limits, which were very greatly cut over before coming into our possession., In buying we were influenced in the price paid in nearly every purchase, by the quantity of other timber, apart from pine on the limits, but we find we are pursued both on the north Nation river and the Gatineau by men who are robbing both the crown and ourselves by buying up lots at nominal prices on which we have paid ground rent for years, doing us out of our just rights and at the same time getting quantities of timber from the crown for comparatively nothing.” In certain states of the American Union, Wisconsin in particular, _and some parts of Michigan, this policy has been pur~ sued with the result, as was outlined to the CANADA LUMBERMAN a short time since by Mr. McBurney, of Callender, Ont., who had lumbered in that section, that valuable timber lands drifted into the hands of speculat- ors, many of them who had themselves gone in originally and ostensibly for the purpose of taking up land, but with the ulterior purpose of simply carrying out the necessary settlement conditions, and then disposing of their lots at a fancy price, because of the great value contained in them through the rich timber which they grew. Better things had been expected in this country, and it would hardly seem possible that after this evil has been pointed out so fully and clearly by Mr. Edwards, that the Quebec government can do less than take firm and vigorous measures to amend their land policy. SPRUCE NOTES. As the business of pulp wood manufacture grows, it is to be expected that efforts will be made to utilize other classes of wcod besides spruce. It has been a convic- tion with some that jack pine, despite the resincus mat- ter it contains, can be utilized successfully in pulp manufacture. Recently a car load of jack pine was for- warded to the paper mills of William Barber & Bros., Georgetown, for the purpose of experimenting by Mr. A. F. Neuman, who holds the patents for this manufac- ture. In aletter to the CANADA LUMBERMAN, Mr. John R. Barber writes that the experiment has proven quite successful. He says, it is somewhat more difficult to work than spruce, but equally as eood a paper inaking fibre. “We use the pulp in both news and book papers with equally good results.” Word from Michigan con- tains information that Alpena business men are con- sidering a project to erect a factory for the manufacture of jack pine pulp wood. A proposition has been made to the Alpena people, which, it is said, meets with the satisfaction of Mr. Neuman. WE do not know that all the expectations of the recent organization, composed of leaders in the spruce trade in the Maritime Provinces and Maine, have been realized. There are reasons to believe that the standard of prices sought to be established by that organization are being shaded at times. These conditions, however, arise more through a lultthat has taken place in trade and the neces- sity of small manufacturers, who are outside of the combine, realizing on their product. It is claimed by members of the Association that all circumstances com- bine to show that spruce will from year to year enhance in value, and that the lumberman who carries over a stock of logs into 1896 will find them worth from 20 to 25% more than the selling price in-1895. Such an ad- vance would certainly represent a good interest on the capital invested in_ logs. It is sagely re- marked by Secretary Geo. B. James that no more lumber is used when it 1s crowded into market at inopportune times than if sent along judiciously as required. The manufacturers have it in their own hands to control the situation by feeding the market as the appetite for lum- ber appears, not undertaking to forcethe dealers to eat six meals a day for one week and only one meal a day for another week. It is far better to supply. them with three meals of good lumber per day. Then digestion will be ample. THE reference made by our New Brunswick corres: pondent to the building of a new pulp mill in Miramichi is only one of many instances of the activity that pre- vails in this branch of business, which is so intimately related to the lumber trades. The pulp business wiil be developed to a large extent at Sault Ste Marie, Ont., manufacturing facilities there being of a very complete character, and encouragement being given to capitalists by recent legislation of the Ontario Government. The Keewatin Power Co., who are in possession of splendid water facilities in the Lake of the Woods district, may also be expected, and we believe it is their intention, to develop the manufacture of wood pulp. The rich resources possessed by Canada in this direction gives subject for comment to capitalists in and outside cf our own country. The immense wood pulp mills at Apple- ton, Wis., and other concerns in that section, have incor- porated what is known as the Pulp Wood Supply Co., to furnish the pulp wood needs at the various manufac- tories. And the Northeastern Lumberman :is authority for the statement that this concern is looking to Canada for its supplies of the raw material. How the situation strikes our contemporary is indicated in the following sentence; “ Canada would wake up some day and double ‘up the present price of spruce stumpage, OF put on an export duty that will make these pulp wood concerns squirm, who are dependent upon Canadian sources of supply for spruce wood.” RKING aif ) ae Acmnteogy —— J MARKET FOR WOOD-WORKING PRODUCTS. f Dates boundary line of the Dominion, nor the 5,000,000 people who inhabit these provinces, do not neces- sarily mark a limit for the wood-working products of Canada. With the raw material in abundance, and means for providing the most complete equipment in machinery, there is no reason why those engaged in the wood-working business should not find a market for their products out of and beyond their own country. That this is being done, to some extent, is well known. The manufactures of the Rathbun Co., of Deseronto, find an extensive sale in Great Britain and other export fields. The same is the case with others. The field, however, is not nearly developed to the extent that it might be. New markets are to be secured bya careful study of commercial conditions, the world over, and it is safe to say that the wood-working manufacturer who makes a broad and intelligent study of the markets of the world will find various places where his product will be as ac- ceptable as it is at home. The field for manufacture is also to be extended by the ingenuity of the manufacturer. Because one has from generation to generation manufactured his wares in a certain way and of a particular kind, is no reason why he should continue to do so for all time. Nothing is more stimulating to business than to heroically get out of the ordinary rut into which the most energetic of men are apt to fall. - The student of commercial history does not need to be told that the largest returns have come to those who, ascertaining the tastes and desires of particular people, have gone to work and produced those articles that have directly met their needs. The same principle applied in catering to the market at one’s own door will have the effect of increasing it. The complaint that the people of one’s own country are too prone to seek other places to meet their wants, in place of patronizing home trade, is not always without justification. Not a little Canadian lumber is exported to the United States, and comes back again to our own country in the shape of furniture, because, so those in the furniture trade say, the home article is wanting in finish and perfectness of workmanship. These condi- tions can be changed if Canadian wood--vorkers only say so—and do. “ NEW CANADIAN PATENTS. wale «“ Fy MACHINE FOR MAKING SHINGLES. Patentee: The International Shingle Machine Co., assignee to Wm. F. Hutchison, all of New York, state of New York, U.S.A., 2nd of April, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—ist. A method of making shingles, which consists in turning from a log a strip of veneer bevelled from edge to edge and then splitting the strip transverse- ly to form the shingles. 2nd. Method herein described, which consists in feeding against a rotating log, knives have opposite pitch, whereby two bevelled veneer strips i\\ are turned with the thick edge of one strip opposite the thin edge of the other. 3rd. A rotary veneer-cutting machine, comprising the usual means of clamping, and also the customary means of feeding the knives, and a pair of knives arranged on opposite sides of the machine, the knives having opposite pitch and being adapted to feed simultaneously towards the log. 4th. One knife projecting upward and the other knife downward sub- stantially as described. METHOD OF PRESERVING TIMBER. Patentee: John Simpson George, Newport, Oregon, U.S.A., 5th of April, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—The herein described process of preserving timber which consists in enforcing a solution of iron sul- phate and camphor sulphate into the pores of the tim- ber and afterwards passing a current of electricity through said timbers, substantially as described and fon the purpose set forth. = a ( TAs e-P STAVE-JOINTING MACHINE. Patentee: The Pleukharp Barrel Machine Co., as- signee of James Pleukharp and William K. Liggett, all of Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A., 11th April, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—tIst. In a stave-jointing machine the combin- ation of complementary endless chain formers, each for- mer of the chain having a continuous convex outlined, and having a projection J, the links composing the up- per chain formers being connected by pins, which have their ends projected beyond the sides of the links, rollers mounted on the projecting ends of said pins and beds to support the opposing portions of the chain formers against the tension of the blanks, the upper beds having portions to embrace the sides of the upper chain formers and receive the stress of the said rollers. 2nd. Jointing cutters of a bed J, located between the side hars of the links comprising the lower former, and a bed comprising side bards P to embrace the upper former. 3rd. End- less chain formers, to shape the other blanks and carry them between the jointing cutters, a frame carrying one of the formers, standards for supporting the said frames and provided with stops to limit the movement of the ‘said frame in one direction, springs to hold the frames - a i - he - * a hee (i Jury, 1895 ; yieldingly against the said stops, and nuts for adjusting the tension of the said springs substantially as set forth. LoccinG Hooks, Patentee: John M. Stewart, Vancouver, B. C., 5th April, 1895 ; 6 years. F Claim.—tIst. In logging-hooks the combination of the cable or chain A, with its two ends securely fastened to the ring B, and passing over pulleys C, mounted in block D, and made to operate substantially as specified. 2nd. The combination of the cable A, the ring B, con- nected by said cable A to blocks D and the hook F, pivoted thereon as and for the purpose set forth. ep, Na y i" BAND SAws. Patentee : Joshua Oldham, Brooklyn, N. Y., U.S.A., 29th April, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—Ist. In a band-saw, the combination of a me- tallic semi-elliptic or convexed backing having a corres- pondingly shaped pad, and a holder or bracket therefor provided with a central adjusting screw engaging the concaved side of said backing. 2nd. Said holder or oracket also having laterally adjusting screws substan- tially as set forth. Enis | pre EAy | > Lebel ae ee NU ; 4E7EL BAND-SAW APPLIANCE. Patentee: Joshua Oldham, Brooklyn, N. Y., U.S. A., 29th April, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—Ist. In a saw-manipulating appliance the combination of the carriage guides, carriages fitted to move therein and having means to provide for the strain- ing of a band-saw thereon, and mechanism for bodily — and simultaneously adjusting said carriage guides, with the carriages and saw vertically. 2nd. The combination of the carriage guides having longitudinal guide-ways, the carriages fitted to move in said guide- ways and bearing axles provided with pulleys or wheels, around which a band-saw may be strained, hand-screws bearing upon said carriage-guides and connected to said carriages, mechanism for effecting the simultaneous ver- tical movement of said carriage-guides and vertical guide-ways for said carriage-guides. 3rd. The saw- manipulating apphance for hammering purposes com- prising the carriages or plates having mandrels or axles Jury, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ae bearing pulleys around which is adapted to be stretched a band-saw, means for effecting the to and fro move- ment or adjustment of said carriages, the vertically ad- justable guides or frames supporting said carriages and means for adjusting said frames, whereby the saw can be manipulated so as to present its relatively inner and outer surfaces or sides to a movably mounted anvil sufficiently elevated to permit the saw to freely pass thereunder, substantially as set forth. ee SURFACE PLANING MACHINE. HE engraving herewith presented represents a newly designed surfacer and planer, to plane 244 inches wide and from one-sixteenth to eight inches thick on hard or soft wood. The frame is cast in one piece, wide at the base, very heavy. The table or bed is also cast in one piece, planed true, and is dovetailed into the frame, with extra long bearings, as wide apart as the width of the frame will allow, making the table as steady as if it and the frame were cast in one piece. Any wear can be taken up by means of gibs and set-crews. The table is raised and lowered by means of the large crank-handle shown, an indicator on side of frame showing the exact thickness the machine is set to plane. The cylinder is double-belted, having a pulley at each end. It is made of the best forged steel, with extra large journals, which run in extra long, self-oiling boxes, lined with babbitt and provided with improved oil wells and oil cups. Both pressure-bars work very close to the knives, and are adjustable to the timber independently of each other and the feed rolls, thus insuring steadiness, even when planing very short and thin stuff. The pres- sure-bars are selfadjusting, always regulating them- selves to the various sizes of thick and thin lumber being planed. The feed is driven from the cylinder, and is quickly stopped or started by means of the belt tightener. The feed consists of four large steel rolls, powerfully geared. The feed rolls are set as close to the cylinder as possible and arranged to hold the board firm- ly to the bed. The upper in-feeding roll is fluted and held down by con- nected levers ‘and weights ; the out- feeding roll is held down by large coil- ed steel springs, making a strong and positive feed. There are two changes of feed eee SOME FACTS ABOUT PLANING MILLS. Ig is quite amusing, says a writer in the Wood Worker, fast and slow. to go around among the different planing mills in the @ country and see the different methods of getting out work and the different ways of putting up the tools. Some will insist that theirs is the only right way ; others will be equally sure their way is correct. They may both be right, for in different localities the conditions vary and the different machines have individual peculi- arities that should be humored in order to get the most out of them. Also the different kinds of timbers worked require a little different bevel to the knives at times, to do the best work without breaking out. Speaking of knives, it is amusing to notice the differ- ent ways of grinding and “balancing” them. And let me say here that I think one of the worst failings in planing machines, and the one causing the most trouble in getting smooth work, is not having the knives properly balanced. There are a good many men who read this perhaps who were doing this class of work when I was a very small boy, and are still in the same business and balancing in the same old way their fathers did, who will say they guess they know how to balance a set of knives, still they probably never balanced a set of knives in their lives that were any where near a running bal- ance; they may have weighed the same, but where was the metal distributed? Was it evenly through the width of the knife? I trow not. It was my good fortune, or ill fortune, whichever you like, to run across one of these knife-balancing cranks who thought he knew all there was about the business and could net be convinced to the contrary, even with the strongest evidence. He used to grind his knives, then take them to the balance scales and try them. If one was somewhat heavier than the others, he took the heavier one to the drill press, put in about a five-eighths drill and drilled or started a hole about the center of the width of the knife and at whatever position in the length of the knife he thought heaviest, drilling out enough metal to bring the weight to the same as the others; perhaps he drilled clear through the knife, perhaps only an eighth of an inch. He was very particular to get just enough to balance evenly, then paired them up and laid them away for use. Are they balanced, or not balanced? that is the question. HERA mn SuRFACE PLAINNG MACHINE. I say most assuredly not, yet others will say that 1 am ‘ way off,” for don’t the scales show that? I admit that, but let me ask, if you tie two pieces of iron, both of equal size and weight, to a cylinder, one with a string six inches long and the other with ‘one four inches long, then re- volve that cylinder at a pretty lively rate, would it run steadily and not tremble? Will not the one farthest from the center exert the most force upon the cylinder to draw it out of line? If both pieces of iron were an equal distance or in the same circle, they would run steadily. Now if this is the case, why should it not be so with planer knives? It looked wrong to me at the start to see them balance by drilling, for if you take out the metal in the body of a knife you get comparatively near the center of cylinder and the nearer you get to the center the less the centrifugal force. Does it have the same effect if you take the metai from the center of the knife that it does to take it off the cutting edge? I will give my way of reasoning it out: Take a set of knives as they come from the maker.._ If he is a good reliable man the knives are even in thickness, thoroughly balanced, and you put them on the planer. They run well, but perhaps after a week or two or three days’ use they need grinding and are taken off, ground and tried on the scales. One of them is a trifle the heaviest. . TEP a = = ‘ Because it has been worn off the back, or is it because it is worn or ground too much at the cutting edge? I claim it is worn at the cutting edge. Perhaps one knife wears faster than the other, or is filed a trifle more. My way to make the matter right is to grind enough off the cutting edge to make them balance; then your knife is kept the same thickness throughout and retains its full strength, while if you bore from one to ten holes in the width of the knife, it weakens it. I have actually seen knives drilled so they pricked through the knife, the holes running the length of the knife from one to two inches apart. It strikes me that would be a very weak knife for heavy work. Another thing I see many grinders do, is to set the knife on the grinder by the cutting edge. Where you use a machine as you do a matcher, for instance, some- times only from four to six inches in width, of course they wear faster on that end of the knife. I believe it is a mistake to set by the cutting edge of such a knife. I have seen knives that were a half-inch wider at one end than the other. This is wrong, as there is much Now why is it the heav'est? more weight at oneend of the cylinder than the other, and when you revolve it about 5,000 times a minute it amounts to some- thing. I think the proper way is to set your knife by the back. Have some pieces of wood or metal of different thick- nesses, two of each thickness. Slip one under each knife, choosing one thick enough to raise the knife to the proper height for grinding; then you have a knife the same width all through and the same thickness. A very lit- tle practice will teach you just when to stop grinding and have your knives evenly balanc- ed; if one is a trifle heavy, put it on again and grind lightly until they balance. I can see no object in setting by the cutting edge, for when the knife is too natrow at one end it is thrown aside. Keep your knives of an even width, balance by grinding the cutting edge, and you won't be far from a good running balance. Your knives will look better, also, than if they looked like a wedge and were full of drill holes. I don’t pretend to be an expert in this line and have only given my way of reasoning inthe matter. If I have reasoned wrong I shall be glad to be corrected and will take it kindly. It is perhaps in the same way that some men say a saw is no good unless itis kand-filed, but after seeing filers file saws until they were nearly a quarter of an inch out of round, I prefer a saw-grindet. I call to mind a case where we had a saw that did fairly good work in soft wood, but one day some hard maple came in to be sawed and the saw did not seem to take hold right. I put it on a grinder as an experiment and ground one-half a day on it before I got every tooth pointed up. It worked all right then. Before there were not over five teeth that cut t all, so I ama convert to saw grinding. Ofcourse there are filers who can keep their saws all right by hand-filing, but there are many more that can not. There is a great difference in the bevel to give cutters. I find the best way to determine what bevel to use is to try them until you get the one that stands up best for your work and lumber, then keep it. One thing we should all avoid: don’t get into a rut and think you have the whole thing down so fine you can not be taught any further. Io ; Ps oe: ALEX. BRowN, Winnipeg. T. A. Cuppy, Minnedosa. ages, J. L. CAMPBELL, Melita, PRESIDENT. D. N. MCMILLAN, Morden, J. B. MATHERS, Glenboro. ; a re ae JOHN Dick, Winnipeg. R. H. O'Hara, Brandon, ‘ I, CockBURN, Winnipeg, SEC.-TREAS. OFFICERS WESTERN RETAIL LUMBERMEN’S ASSOCIATION OF MANITOBA.—(See Page 3 for Sketch.) [UMBERMAN WEEKLY [DITION < The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages} $too per year {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday VoL. I. TORONTO, ONT., JUNE 26, 1895 No, 25. == ~ Canaba LUMBERMAN a Cc. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. 4 =F) Branch Office : New York Lire Insurance BuILpINe, " MontTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and Jeading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. | Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. && Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. aE EEE WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four * or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type, and no display is allowed beyond the head line. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p-m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week’s issue. SS WANTED. MAPLE. 150,000 FT, NO. 1 AND2, all 14 ft. Name lowest cash price delivered at Brooklyn, N. Y. Address: MANUFACTURER, 457 7th street, Pain, N.Y. FOR SALE. by Pe ares FRICTION FEED, CONSISTING " J of spools, cable shafting, &c., complete, made by ‘Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., of Peterborough ; used part of one season, good asnew. Write for particulars. pW J. W. Howry & Sons, Fenelon Falls. 3h HARD pe FOR SALE eer on OFFER: CHOICE POPLAR _ Le lumber and squares, all thicknesses and grades. “Well manufactured stock out of fresh cut large logs. Shipment direct from mill, immediate or future de- in carload lots or cuantity tosuit. Lowest freight ~s: Address P. O. Box 2144, New York City. tv - FOR SALE. CECOND HAND. ONE HORIZONTAL TUB- S ular Boiler, 36 in. diameter, t2 ft. long, 2% in. tubes. One Horizontal Engine, roin. bore, 12 in. stroke rocker valve, heavy plate bed. ri MRS. S. M. MOORE, Tas Falkenburg, Ont. sal s&s RELAYING RAILS ’ ‘ W* HAVE TO OFFER 1,500 TONS OF STAN- VV dard section steel rails in splendid condition for relaying. Write for particulars to R. L. GINSBURG & SONS, Detroit, Mich. ANING MILL, SASH AND DOOR FAC- tory and lumber yard for sale in the Town of Mea- ford. Owing to the dissolution of partnership between Dobson & Day, their well-equipped factory and building business is offered for sale; the machinery is all good and of the newest pattern; a large business has been done, and Meaford, being an exceptionally thriving town, this business offers excellent opportunities toa . ical man with a moderate capital. Apply for par- lars ie. Georce Day or James CLELAND & Son, ford, Ont. ‘ CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. ATTENTION during the past week in business circles has been directed to the annual bank reports, and the addresses of the leading bank managers that accom- panied these, and are looked upon as re- flecting the trade situation. Generally, so far as reference to the past year is con- cerned, the reports have been of a depress- ing character. Bank earnings have suf- fered with the curtailment of profits in every branch of commerce. Specific reference, as has been their usual custom, was made to the lumber trade by Mr. B. E. Walker, general manager of the Bank of Commerce, and Mr. Geo. Hague, gen- eral manager of the Merchants’ Bank. Their views we have printed in another column. Business of the week has not shown any special development. “Some trade is doing,” is the usual response in conversation with lumbermen, but it is not of large size. Enquiries from the States are rather better than earlier in the sea. son, but these continue comparatively light. Local trade in Ontario is not ofa particularly lively character, orders being small. Prices for better stocks keep firm, as there is no heavy stocks on hand at any point, but common grades are suf- fering a little. Mill men, as is the case with several who might be named, who have carried over large stocks from last season, would like to see things mov- ing better, and feel tempted at times to shade prices to secure sales. The con- tinued and unusual length of the dry sea- son so early in the year, will have a hurt- ful effect on the log output. The general manager of the Bank of Commerce esti- mates that probably 15 per cent. of the logs will be hung up, whilst there are others who place the figure as high as 25 per cent. This drought is general the Dominion over, correspondence from the Maritime Provinces telling the same story as lumbermen of Ontario and Quebec. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Despite the reported dullness in the British market, shippers this side of the Atlantic are sending forward large car- goes to the Uniled Kingdom. The co- nundrum that faces Quebec and New Brunswick shippers is how far will there be a margin left for them when stocks have been paid for. It is believed, how- ever, that some little improvement, at least, is manifesting itself in the lumber trade of the United Kingdom. And yet bow deal importers feel, is indicated by a remark of an Ontario mill man the other day, who is cutting deals for several ship- ers, that he had been cautioned more than once to go as gently as possible with the “is being restricted. output, as it was one thing to cut deals and ship them to Great Britain and an- other thing to sell them, and when sold to secure a price that would be paying. The past week in New Brunswick has shown the largest export of lumber, both to the British and United States ports, of the season. ; BRITISH COLUMBIA. Car shipments of lumber and shingles from Westminster and Vancouver to eastern points continue fair, but the com- petition at home, as also from Puget Sound mills, is having a baneful effect on profits. Orders in hand are numerous and manufacturers say that the demand warrants an increase in prices. Ship- ments to foreign ports by vessel are large- In fact the season is proving quite a suc- cessful one for vessel owners. R. P. Rithet & Co., Ltd., of Victoria, B. C., in their current monthly shipping report, say that the most encouraging list of lumber charters is presented this month, the busi- ness being fairly well distributed over the various consuming markets. The im- provement in demand is now not confined to one quarter only, and it is permissible to hope that the advantage will be held. UNITED STATES. The lumber trade in the United States is being effected to no small degree by the crop prospects. With continued drought, jeopardizing the crop outlook in many leading states, current lumber trade Where in Illinois, ‘Indiana and Ohio, it is expected that a fair trade would be done, with the crops looking poorly, orders are falling off. There is no doubt that present trade, and the situation in the fall, which lumbermen have been looking forward to with strong. hope, will be effected favorably or ad- versely by the harvest. At Albany trade of the week has been slow, and whilst in Buffalo and Tonawanda there has been a little more activity, yet it has been of a limited character. Building operations in New York are not assuming the size that had been hoped for, and the lumber trade is effected accordingly, there being no steady, business. Philadelphia is en- joying, apparently, a rational building boom and good quantities of lumber are going into consumption. The large de- mand for bill stuff is one of the encourag- ing features of trade, the railroads prov- ing good customers this season. Yellow pine men in Arkansas are reported to be well filled up with orders, sufficient to keep them going for some months. FOREIGN. A rather cheerful view of the lumber situation in the United Kingdom is taken by Denny, Mott & Dickson in their cur- rent wood circular. They say: “The signs Oo! improvement in general trade, no- ticeable in April, were accentuated in May, and although profits are still difficult to realize, holders of stocks have been doing a sound steady business, which promises to increase in volume as growing confi- dence serves to stimulate the market.” Of Canadiin timber they say stocks in the north are light for first-class waney pine ; enquiries, however, continue quiet for pine, oak and elm. Allison, Cousland & Co., in their monthly market report, say of Glasgow business, that the month opened well and the amount of business transacted is proving satisfactory, though it has not kept up as well as it started out. Household building is brisk, anda good season’s trade is anticipated in Glas- gow, both among builders and ship build- ers. Cabinet makers have a fair amount of work on hand and the outlook with them is healthier. Reports from the West Indies and South America are ofa depressing character, with more hopeful news from Australia. HARDWOODS. Sales of hardwoods are perhaps show- ing a slight decline as the month advances, Furniture factories are disposed to curtail the output somewhat. Reports from New York City tell of a quiet trade there, with nothing special to boast of in Buffalo or Tonawanda. The best business in hard- woods, as in other woods, at the present time, ‘is being done in Philadelphia, a market in which Canadian lumbermen have a good interest. Mills are into the sawing season, and in some cases the stock is needed as dry stock is pretty well - exhausted Oak, above all other woods, keeps in strong demand. in certain lines. BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHANGES. A large saw mill is being erected at Pointe aux Trembles, Que., for Dr. LaRue, one of the proprietors of Beauport Asylum. The planing mill of Mr. G. Scott, of Mount Forest, Ont., was destroyed by fire a week ago. Total loss $3,000 ; partly insured. The Cutler & Savidge Co, hasshipped all its lumber from Leroy, and thé iron is being taken up on its tram road. It is to be shipped by rail to Grand Haven and thence to the com- pany’s mill and lumbering operations in Geor- — gian Bay. This removes the last vestage of one of Michigan’s lumber concerns from the Wolverine state. Hall & Murchie, it is said, wil] build a saw mill on the Tobique, six miles from Perth; and William Richard will build a mill on the Taxis, a short distance from Boistown. Robert Renwick, Dromore, Ont.: ‘‘I would not like to be without the CANADA LUMBER- MAN, and I appreciate your efforts in its pub- lication.” II. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. pina Nae eo STOCKS AND PRICES. Smith & Patterson, of Port Hope, Ont., recently shipped 2 schooner of white pine lumber to Oswego, N. Y. Quite a quantity of sawn lumber from mills between Roberval and Chicoutimi is now being shipped at the latter men- tioned port upon vessels in the Saguenay. The Pacific Coast Lumber Co., New Westminster, B. C., are shipping consid- erable quantities of shingles to the East. The David Moore Lumber Co., Ottawa, have cut 150,00oft. of square timber on their Kippewa limits this year. This 1s about the same cut as last year. Marks & Co., of Algoma, sent 6,000 cords of pulp wood to Michigan in rafts a few days ago. They anticipate sending large sized rafts to the same point every fortnight for the next six weeks. The Ametican barkentine Monitor, has left British Columbia with an export cargo of 199,300 feet of rough Jumber, 63,380 ft. of dressed, and 27,000 laths, valued at $2,200. Mr. Edward Jack states that as near as he can find out, the total cut of spruce, pine and cedar on the St. John river, N. B., this year, will be 130,000,000 feet ; 5,000,000 feet will probably be hung up. Over tog car-loads of sawn timber were brought down to Chicoutimi last week from the mills of Mr. Jalbert at Lac Bou- chette, and loaded on sailing vessels ly- ing in that port by means of two bateaux from Quebec and the steamer Spray. The movement of timber in this way is an experiment, but is proving very suc- cessful. Mr. Scott will send down 500 car-loads of timber, and Mr. Jalbert enough to freight several more sailing vessels. The following charters have gone out from St. John, N. B.: Per sch. Cerdic, for New Bedford, by Miller & Woodman, 380,000 laths, 822,000 cedar shingles. Per sch. Harvard H. Harvey, for Boston, by A. Cushing & Co., 481,000 laths. Per sch. Donald Cann, for New York, by L. M. Jewitt, 39,138 deals, 343,000 laths. Per sch. Tay, for Boston, by John E. Moore, 600 pieces piling. Persch. Isaiah K. Stetson, for New York, by Randolph & Baker, 575,000 laths. Per sch. Sore, -for Vineyard Haven, by Dunn Bros., 790,- ooo laths. The Moiles Bros’. mill on John’s Island in Georgian Bay has contracted to cut _ 10,000,000 feet for the Spanish River Mill Co. The exports from St. John, N. B., for last week included 7 cargoes for British ports, aggregating 7,631,000 feet of deals, etc., 4,500,000 feet of long lumber, over 3,000,000 shingles, 2,500,000 laths, and 300 cords of wood, for United States ports. The following shipments were made from the Port of Montreal during the week ending June 24th: S.S. Tritonia, J. Burstall & Co., 18,991 pieces deal ends; Dobell, Beckett & Co., 11,763 pieces deal ends; R. Cox & Co., 3,967 pieces deal ends, to Glasgow. SS. Canadia, Dobell, Beckett & Co., 293 pieces pine: deals, to Hamburg. SS. Sarmatian, R. Cox & Co., 15,454 pieces deals and boards, to Glas- gow. SS. Averley, Dobell, Beckett & Co., 25,773 pieces pine deals, 3,599 pine deal ends, 1,891 spruce deals, 1,962 pine boards, 193 pieces ash timber, 10 pieces hickory, 222 pieces elm, I17 pieces oak, to New- castle, England. SS. Labrador, R. Cox & Co., 13,933 pine boards, 8,861 pine deals, 749 pieces deal ends, te Liverpool. S S. County Dacon, Dobell, Beckett & Co., 439 pieces timber, 43,030 pieces deals, 7,674 deal ends, to London. Bliss & Van Aukin, of Saginaw, Mich., expect to cut 14,000,000 feet of Canadian logs this season. THE SITUATION. REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF ‘“‘WEEKLY LUMBSRMAN.” Alfred Dickie, Lower Stewiacke, N. S.: “ Stocks are moving actively in this dis- trict. Spruce deals for shipment to British ports are in most demand. Several large cargoes have lately been sold in Liver- pool., Eng., £5 15s perstd. The stock of spruce lumber is not so large in Nova Scotia as last season; quality is good. The British market is firm and prices must eventually advance, as so much spruce 1s being diverted to the American market. We are now loading schooner Syanara, at Halifax, with a large cargo of laths, and 120,000 feet spruce deals, 6, 8, and 9g inches wide for New York. We will be sending several cargoes there with- in the next two months. We have six barques crossing the Atlantic that we will load in July for British ports.” Emile Dube, Riviere Du Loup, Que.: “Stocks in this district are moving slowly at the present time. Ships are a long time coming over the Atlantic—head winds. There are a fair number of en- quiries for spruce, though no important sales have been made, except by contracts in England for spruce deals. Stocks will be about the same as former years. Prices in the United States are improving, but in England are about the same as for some time past.” Finley McDonald, Blackville, N. B.: “Business is active with a good demand for spruce deals and hemlock boards, though prices are low. Hemlock boards are in demand for the local trade, and spruce deals are going to foreign points. Prices are firm. There is quite a quantity of logs hung up in the streams this year waiting for rain.” BANKERS ON LUMBER. It is the custom of several of the lead- ing bank managers in their review of the trade situation at the annual meetings to devote some attention to the lumber. industry. The Bank of Commerce is considerably interested in lumber, and Mr. B. E. Walker, general manager, in his address a week ago, spoke as follows: “We have little to report of interest in connection with lumber. Those who un- derstand the business thoroughly and- have sufficient capital, are thriving about as usual. In the Ottawa and other eastern districts, large sales of deals have been made at good prices, and the trade in thin lumber for the same markets con- tinues to grow rapidly. Af the moment the market in England is not very satis- factory to the middlemen, but on the whole, that branch of our lumber trade is fairly prosperous. The trade with the United States is not so satisfactory, for while many dealers have made large sales at average prices, there is undoubtedly some holding back by buyers until pros- perity is more generally assured. Mean- time our manufacturers are unwilling to make concessions in price, and stocks will doubtless move off a little slowly. Lumber in these districts has been pro- duced at about the same cost as in recent years. There has been trouble again with low water, and estimates as high as 15 per cent. of the whole output have been made of logs which will not come down this season. The quantity required for sawing will be readily supplied, however. It is thought that the Ottawa and Nipiss- ing cut will be about 660 million feet board measure.” General manager Hague, of the Mer- chants’ Bank said, that with regard to the products of our forests it should be an aim constantly to have them sent out with as much of our own manufacture upon them as possible. “The exporting ot saw logs is an unwise business, and I am not sure that we have sent out a vast deal to much of square timber in an unmanufactured state. It is certain that our logs and tim- ber go through various processes of man- ufacture before they reach their ultimate destination. Why then when our un- rivalled facilities for manufacturing wooden work, should we not do all this at home? Our various lines of manufacture in Cana- da have been as profitable as they have been either in England or the United States. Our manufacturers generally are getting to have a command of their busi- ness and a thorough understanding of its wants and conditions. But it is perfectly true here, as it is of manufacturers every- where, else, that unless a manufacturer can make a specialty or specialities of some kind and conduct his business with extreme attention to detail, he can scarce- ly hope to make a reasonable profit.” THE DRIVES. Head winds and low water is greatly impeding many of the drives. Part of the Congor Lumber Co., has been got over little Blackstone Lake and into Black- stone harbor. The balance of the drive, including a small stock for Mr. Peter, is coming down the Blackstone river. Mr. Fortune has his drive for the Parry Sound Lumber Co., completed, and Mr. James Ellis has his drive for Mr. Peter running into Mill Lake. On the Magnettawan, Johnson & Beveridge’s drive is making forced time, with Erwin & McCormick’s, crossing Big Deer lake. On the Nas- coutaong, the drives will soon be down. Part of the drives on French river are down, and several rafts have been sent to the United States, but it will be late be- fore all the drives are down. A report from Bay City, Mich., says that Canada logs in rafts in large quantities are now arriving at that point. Notwith- standing some heavy weather no rafts have thus far met with disaster. The Sweepstakes is on the way from Spanish river with a raft of 32,600 pine logs, for Bliss & Van Aukin, of Saginaw, Mich., and the Winslow with 57,372 logs from Blind river, Ont., for the Central Lumber Co., of Saginaw. Two rafts from the Georgian Bay have arrived at Saginaw for the Saginaw Lum- ber & Salt Co.’s mill. The drives on the Tobique, N. B., this season are among the cleanest for some time. So far about 22,000,000 feet of logs have come out. Almost equal success is to be chronicled of the Corporation on the St. John above Grand Falls. The drives of the late Robt. Connors are being brought to St. John, N. B., in- stead of being sawed up the river as in ne past. TRADE CONDITIONS IN THE EASTERN STATES THE volume of trade does not keep up in New York. Low grade lumber is firm, but there is not much going out. A hope- ful outlook is reported for the future, indi- cated by contracts made for a later period. — Expoit trade from New York does not develop largely, though Australian con tions are reported to be more healt and one operator has concluded a deal 100,000 feet of shelving for that marke Spruce holds a strong position, and sor good sales are being made. The trade in Buffalo are lookin ward with greater confidence than before to the fall. ran of a character that inspires hope. ; ceipts for pine by lake are represented | fair figures, the receipts last week c 000 shingles. Pine i is not any mote t holding its own in the market. — Col tions are disappointing. _ SHIPPING MATTERS. fers? The first ship of the season ie arrived at a Bathurst, N. B. i oz 4 oh A steamship has been chartered to )Joad lom- eH ber for Liverpool, Eng., at the rate of 33s 9d. _ At Dalhousie, Bay Chaleur, N. B., 7 Nor- i ’ wegian barks were loading deals last week, Freights from Bay City, Mich., to Buf- — falo are $1.25 and very little lumber offering. _ SS. Alsetia has been fixed to load deals at = St. John, N. B., for Ware: oa at aa od. ; At Alpena, Mich., by June to, me been shipped 32,055,000 feet of lumber, 625,000 shingles, 952,000 pieces of lath, 21 000 cedar posts, 157,700 railway ties. Senator K. F. Burns, the well-known New Brunswick lumberman, is dead, + * LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumser freight rates for pine on the Grand ' Railway have been made a fixture, as below. O: ntended change due notice will be given lumberm General instructions in shipping by Grand Tr embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: Ont ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 Ibs. per ¢ unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in whi case the marked capacity (but not less he: 24,00 Ibs. . umber up to 30,000 lbs. to the car, then the ac weight only will be charged for, but not less ooo lbs. The rates on lumber in the tariff. will no! higher from an intermediate point on the ae ae ts than from the first named point beyond, to the same des ination. For instance, the rates from Tara or worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, woulc qh not be higher than the specific rates named from 7 ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill Southampton to points east of Listowel and and west of Stratford will be the same as. fi me Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to charged than as per mileage table published | on p of tariff. oftwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows : Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Pene Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria H bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhu and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; B bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%4c.; Burk’s Falls, B riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8¢.; South River, — Powassen and Callender to Toronto, gc.; Nipissing — Junction and North Bay, roc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c. Theserates — are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 714c. per 100 lbs.;_ to Deseronto, gc.; to Brockville and Prescott, toc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, xc. The itp = ‘ i Fi i" rt -GINUNE rates on hardwoods average about from rc. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft- woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturzeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, :oc ; Al- goma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, 13¢.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 14¥%c. per too lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 lbs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way areas follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per too Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $t.90 per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per _M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to ae a CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. III, Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Quebec, $2.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to Quebec, $2.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per 100 Ibs. Ottawa to New Sork, five carloads or over $3.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to New York, $3.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports 13c. per 100 lbs.; Arnprior to Boston. Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; export 15 cents per too lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents per too Ibs.; Ottawa to Albany, ro cents per 109 lbs.; Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 100 lbs Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per too lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the minimum carload charged is xo M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 lbs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.P.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : * After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. 1st, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7c. per 100 Ibs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood asonpin-.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to’ be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7%c. from same points. EDAR —ORDERS PROMPTLY FILLED FOR telegraph, telephone or electric poles, ties, posts, cedar shingles and cedar light wood ; also hemlock di- mension lumber-—J. E. Murreuy, Hepworth Station. DO DAN) G7 Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGLN, No &g State St., Boston, Mass. Inspection at mill. CANADIAN EXPORTERS 2” WHOLESALERS PerROBERT THOMSON & CO. ....- MANUFACTURERS OF.... LUMBER | PINE and HARDWOOD — AND —— TORONTO OFFICE: TIMBER | London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. DONOGH & OLIVER 00° 0 woseae menos | MDEP, Lath ana SHINGLES TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. JAS. BUFFALO : Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. TA YEFATR & CO. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER ¢ LATH * SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies BILL TIMBER a Specialty ... MIDLAND, ONT. 2aa> Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. Pi axvracturers OF LUMBER LATH axx SHINGLES ———: HUNTSVILLE, W: are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have ONT. for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 1¥% in. wide. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED The Pembroke Lumber Go., Ltd. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. @ @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills @& PEMBROKE, ONT. WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE: 20 Aberdeen Chambers Wholesale Dealer in all kinds of G Bills cut to order. Lumber shipped to all parts by rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. Geo. Cormac | LUMBER, LATH SHINGLES HARDWOOD a Specialty TORONTS WHITBY, ONTARIO MANUFACTURERS OF __ ee Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn Tie Georalan Bay Lunber Go. LUMBBR : AND : LATH Qttawa LUMDEF 00. WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, etc. Wwyertbe: fot Scoot Ast WAUBAUSHENE, ONT. Ottawa Ganada Sit Your Wish - - To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A MILL PROPERTY SEGOND-HAND MAGHINERY A PARTIGULAR LOT OF LUMBER An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ aad ‘i ‘For Sale’’ Department 0 CLI wis CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION Will secure for you a Buyer or Seller, as the case may be. Address, The Canada Lumberman Toronto, Canada. eet QP — FOREIGN EXPORTERS .x° IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : : : : , 4,1%, 1% and 2in. Plain RED OAK 1% and 2 inch SOFT ELM | 4 ineh and thicker BIRCH EMPIRE LUMBER CO. p>. : BUFFALO, N. Y. Write us, stating what you have for immediate shipment, with full description of stock, etc. ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. rPoreAs, feos, MULLER e| PINE, aud MAPLE FLOORING, N.C PIN EB, 30). 0 9 ‘ © o o 9. CYPRESS REDWOOD. Lumber and Logs tor Export ——— No. 1 BROADWAY D. C. BACON, President. at LNT LUMBER C MANUFACTURERS OF THE NE GURL LONG LEM YELOW e HARDYWOOD LUMBER - NBW YORK. M. F, AMOROUS, G. M. e W PI ut to order for-FACTORIES, HOUSES, WHARVES, BRIDGES, TRESTLES AND CARS ....-.----> - Kiln Dried Floorings sem ATLANTA, GEORGIA, U.S.A. _ ‘OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - GANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK CITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY ‘CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO. WILLIAMS’ LINE. Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. J. H. Williams Agent YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS AND MANUFACTURERS Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple ~t- SCATCHERD & SON -— VW ANT —: ROCK BitiM COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.——-sb——-7, 8, 14 and 16 feet, firsts and seconds. ONE DOLLAR 15 LUMBER DISTRICT, ALBANY,N.Y.Office—o3 WALL STREET TELEPHONE 531 BROAD. 54 South Street, NEW YORK. 105 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N.Y... Vill pay your subscription to the wreekly and monthly CanwaDa LumBERMAN for ONE YEAR — re | Ad a, In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman.’’ BELTING McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. DRY KILNS McEachren, J. D., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Woodstock, Ont. Williams, A. R., Toronto. LOG TRUCKS Bain Bros. Mfg. Co., Brantford, ont. The Chatham Mfg. Conan, Chatham, Ont. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Davidson & Hay, Toronto Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. MACHINERY Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. Darling Bros., Montreal. Drake, F. J., Belleville, Ont. Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que., Payette, J. E. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. Small & Fisher Co., Woodstock, N. B. The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams, A. R,, Toronto. SAW MANUFACTURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. Elias & Bro,, G., Buffalo N. Y. Haines & Company, Buffalo, N. Y. Maitland, Rixon & Co., Owen Sound, Ont. Reid Co. of Toronto, The MISCELLANEOUS Adjustable Roller, C. B. Rich & Son, Preston, Ont. Boiler Improvement, Peterboro’ Steam Boiler Co. , Peterboro’. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Unt. Canada Atlantic Railway. . Can. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. Dominion Leather Board Co., Montreal. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad, Emery Wheels, Tanite Co., Stroudsburgh, Pa, Illinois Central Railroad Co., Chicago, Ill. Lumber Truck Wheels, Montreal Car Wheel Co. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Pike Poles, John Adamson, Toronto, Ont. Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. Business Wisdom: “‘ He thit follows pleasure instead of business will shortly have no business to follow.” The Price Lists that here follow will be revised each week up to the hour of going to press, and in connection with these we would draw attention to the week’s trade review under the heading of ‘‘Current Trade Conditions” on the first page, immediately followed with matter marked “Stocks and Prices,” which presents the lumber situation of the week, together with a record of the week’s sales and transactions. PRICES CURRENT. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, June 26, 1895. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. m 1-4 in. cut up and better............ see ee eee cence eee 33 00 3600 axxo.and x2 dressing and better....... 6.2 2ccseeeecccceneren 20 00 22 00 BxcO AUC) co Will PUD. oon. isle ose cle civieee ewes vin e'eieieinie nals s 16 00 17 00 ya ytinibsbatea tin lel anae Gene acs Ogham BOE 7e aes ae ede I3 00 14 00 maro and r2'spruce culls. 522. oe eee esac sce eewenn ne IO 00 II 00 So aaezirral nde) Feet | tert VES 2s BS Beers eo one adana sabe Gamer I0 00 11 00 O viel. Sze elie Se Rees deseo Coa. res eo OBB See Se eee 28 00 32 00 Bianchi dressing and Beker see emcee oe eens ecinidis « vicivicie » oiees 20 00 22 00 SMSC ERSTE SMELL AITNee cpeccte ayaa c.ajeletelele sir ainie np clseinin's icons n= 15 00 x inch siding common......... 13 00 x inch siding ship cull Se pT a SUITE MTU CUS 2 0. lulnem aie njnio alalciegeve a sis.n sieln ws nisie sim isir 10 00 Cullscantling........--.6ee cece eee e eee eee eee eee e es 9 00 x 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank............++-seeeeeees 24 00 26 00 x inch strips 4 in. to Rie ovilse 0s AAgeeb goede AC eno denson 14 00 15 00 iNT SE Ras) MC OUUU OM stalataalateialcly cfele@ /- «i elec en'-iririo> «)-ls/= ele 12 00 13 00 x 1-4 inch flooring 16 00 x 1-2 inch flooring 16 00 XXX shingles, 16 inch sh 2 30 XX shingles 16 inch BP Pio in ahs inieia ii slwate elncters claret eis I 40 Lath, MRE etter. 2 Cie LPO Ci aS ap PE IS eee) 2 00 Sissi Lehn 2Pspbe SA a RDF a 180 1 85 HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, 1s and zs unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 to2in..$26 00 $28 00 | Cherry, 1 “ seg 50 00 60 00 t¢ 2% to 4.. 30 00 32 00 nf as 60 00 65 00 Ash, black, tsts and Elm, Soft x to Nésre oo $15 00 ands, 1 to 1% in.... 21 00 23 00 iy Wag? 2 I5 00 16 00 Ash, black, 1sts and frocks. mers ry 16 00 18 00 ands, 2 to 4 in ry a 2 25 00 re ae 1% “ 3.. 2000 2200 Ash, M.R., « 7 18 oe 20 00 | Hickory 1% ‘' 2.. 28 00 30 00 « 2 4,, 2000 24 o0/ Maple rt ‘* 1% 16 00 18 00 Birch, x ‘* 1% 24 00 26 00 fe 2 ‘*4.. 18 00 2000 « 2 26 00 29 00 Oak,red,p'nx “1% 28 00 30 00 « sqrs. 4x4 ‘ « 8x8 28 00 3200] “ DD Steen Wane cis) fos BEA 038) Basswood 1 “ 14% 1600 18 00 “ white ‘1 ‘“* 11% 2800 3000 as 1%‘ 2.. 19 00 19 00 See zien A. GOKOO TaEtOy “ mr ‘1% 1400 1600] ‘quartdi1- ‘ 2.. 4800 5200 Butternut 1 ‘ 134 23 00 25 00| Walnut ZH 9. 3.- 85/00.700)00 fe 2 ‘£3., 25 00 2800] Whitewood1r ‘2.. 3200 3600 Chestnut 1 ‘f: 7200 25.00 : DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS = OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, June 26, 1895. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b. FM vee ee ee ee reese eee eee $30 90 35 00 Pine, ¢ ‘ond strips, i hase 2@ O07 30 OD Pine, eae shorts, ‘ Ly EAE Shak. whee .... 18 060 25 00 Pine, No. 1 dressing sidings, per M feet, b. Mee ieee sees ee 19 00 24 00 Pine, Strips, PES) 1765 Ge tat eters yer 17 00 20 00 Pine: Be shorts, se bid Se piweh ys TP eAr 15 00 17 00 Pine, 10 s.c. and better stock, ‘‘ ‘e LE EIN rec rn 15 co 18 00 Pine, piste, FF a Uy ae es A eich a x Meee 13 00 14 00 Pine, ** sidings i oy OO ig cieeste Sethe teal 13 00 15 00 Pine, «strips o Be Ee ovis visa ne Hekate II 00 13 00 Pine, ** shorts sts i ere ee ote a 8 50 11 00 Pine, box culls a fe Sich cunts ateicrcn 9 00 12 00 Pine mill culls ce He ee Jeno Veiaitin stata a ala 9 09 10 00 Rath per DD... ...0s obey oer ee aoe ve ae eee eee £30 2075 QUEBEC, QUE. QUEBEC, June 26, 1895. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. cts. Fo: inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., & el uf IWEASUTED OMe sien ntore(tte: =a asia aterethgasetttos ep wig eesti ghee eae ate ren 16 @ 22 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 20 26 For good and good fair average, “ 25. ~ 30 For superior et Ks i fe sh Saas 840 In shipping order ue Re a ss BE ABA a 42: Waney board, 18 to 19 inch a . eS ee S36, 0 42 Waney board, 19 to 21 inch ee cf Be Bt co 360m tas RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality. ) ik cot else tal 22 In shipping order, 35 torasifeeti"* I aedety. prema eicistesarete 22 »'30 OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . .. . .40 49 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 toso feet. . 30 32 2 30 to 35 feet . 5 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . .22 30 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . * . .2r 23 TAMARAC. Square, according to size and aes eee Cc TM se hee cs" Flatted, < aye er ahd seme) eee age STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp’cfct’n—nominal . $330 $350 W.O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality . 90 100 DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for and, and $40 to $43 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 to $43 for 1st, $27 to $28 for and, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $21 for 4th quality. F.O. 'B. batteau. ‘BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. Tonawanpba, N, Y., June 26, 1895. WHITE PINE. oe 1,1%,1%and 2 No. 3, 1% tozin... 16 00 17 00 ee ere $47 00 50 00| Shelving, No. x, 13 in wie and 3 in.42--- 50 00 53 00 and up, 1 re ae 31 00@33 00 AWUEUG sale lays cee nyse 54 00 56 00| Dressing, 14 in...... 25 00 26 00 Selects, rin. ........ 38 00 39 00 14%x1o and 12...... 26 00 1% to2 in... .ee-. 4200) 136 IN... ween 24 00 25 00 Bu and 3 in ROX OO || ere MRLs et cipr tats Gated 26 50 28 00 eR Re Pe ana 52 00} Mold st’ps, i to 2in.. 33 00 35 00 Fine common, r in... 35 00 37 00 te ares No. 1, roand 12 14% and i iE. ee eve SACO ee leM|| | WMS Abrenun. 6350 2I 00 23 00 FM he are Storage oor 34 00 35 00 6 ona CR eee. 20 50 22 00 3 ae Ghee crest cens eyershenatins 45 00 No. 2, roand 12 in. 16 50 17 00 Pinminidag a ctge atasc 45 00 No. 3, ro and 12in. 14 00 16 00 Gunen up, No. 1, rin. 26 00 28 00] 6and8in.......... 13 50 15 50 1% to2 in........- 33 oo | Common, rin........ 16 00 18 00. No. 2, 1 in 1700] z@andr¥in...... 18 9c 20 00 No: 2, 16to ain.) 22100) 129) 160)|| sean eee on ee las Ig 00 22 00 ALBANY, NY. Aupany, N. Y., June 26, 1895. PINE. Uppers, 3 in. up.........+. $50 $52 | Dressing boards, narrow....$19 $21 By TIN: lnydyancltga ake tons atesebete tele 50 52] West India shipping boards. 16 17 ie HOTTY A ng rIGOs 4 Oko 45 48 | Box boards.. ........4... 12 14 4 inch uppers . 50 52 | ro-in. dressing and better... 26 30 Selects, 2% in. ‘up. .. 40 42| 1o-in. common............. 14 15 T tO a ns ecm 36 40 | 12-in. dressing and better... 25 32 Fine common, 2¥% in, and up 38 qo) Commons tatr icra eer 14 16 1 tO eidt ep renee ere 94) a8. No. barns rxne teeta eas 20 Ne. 1 cut; x to zanch...0..7 25 35 AWG voce see te ye are 18 21 Nose: 5. veh eens ie 18 25 1x8 16 18 INOngcccieae tenia 17 20 19 No. 1 molding, 1 to2in..... 33, 30 19 No. 2 molding, 1 to 2 in..... 25 28 19 Stainedisaps ane e-mreee 20 Shaky or star clear, 1 to 2in. 19 21 Bracket plank= saw-eman ere. 30 35 Dressinge ice emer as 16 18 Shelving boards, 12-in. up.. 28 30! Common...............- II. 35 LATH, Pine oeinwinec telnet eretra tae te G2 Be MSpruees. sacs ase aieeinle wera $2 00 SHINGLES. Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30| Bound butts, €x18 ....$6 oo $6 15 Clear buttsieaue en Gy vise eels koala Sea cng ama aas ccs 215 2 30 Smooth, 6x 18....... B01. 550) MADEUCE meter. seieen een 220 2 30 NEW YORK CITY. New York, N. Y., June 26, 1295. WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of supply, rendering it useless to give prices for local market. WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge timber....... $28 co @ 40 00 | Building orders.....$26 00 @ 37 00 Decking. -3 see-eene 44.00 50 00 SPRUCE. ; GifOlQUN ere 33% 3 3, RAW 5 sysvarcnicrk Se tenn ener SYRUPS AND MOLASSES. SYRUPS. Per gallon bbls. 4 bbls. Danley csicles eh aiv eaters 25 30 Mediums -* .5-ok ie sea 30 35 Bright isco toe ee 35 40 Very Brickts.o~ suws-teshie 50 00} Redpath’ s "Honey a Reh nee 40 “2 gal pails 125 ee “3 gal pails I 50 MOLASSES. Per gal. Trinadad, in puncheons.. 0 32 0 35 BDIS: = jac, < Aer, 0 36 037 2 Ty bbls... . 5 0 40 040 New Orleans, in bbis..... © 30 0 32 Porto. Rico, dds an... /- .+. 938 040 ‘barrels, .)..... 042 044 a \% barrels,... 29 44 0 46 RICE, ETC. Per Ib Rice, PA AG ANG lary chee cols 3% 3% Fares eRe cate sha eee 44 ME epee vweccie sae SY Gaeta Bectani at aan pate 5% «Extra Burmah....... 3h 4 Th AAR ARNEAS Wiiieies wire 614 63%4 “Genuine Carolina.... 914 10 Grand Duke.......... . 64% 6% Sago... te: .. 434 5% sPaplocalpe seep ih wiikitrer. ts sare 5% White Beans, per bushel... .. 175 FRUITS. FOREIGN. c. per lb. Currants, Provincial, noe -3%4 bbls 35% 4% 3 Fillatras, vhs 4 4% sf ¥ bbls ay 4% Currants, Patras, bbls.-4...7. 5% ¥% bbls . 3 534 Mo ‘> cases 64 ae Vostizzas, cases. by 7% KS A cases 634 734 “ 5-crown Excelsior ef (caseS)ce cs cuse 8 8% 6 “4 case.. 8% 834 Dates, Persian, boxes...... 4% 5 Figs, alaees tolb, boxes.. 10 12 He, $7 - CRON haat wes cree 16 18 He Nasal Figs, 28lb bxs ... .-« Prunes, Bosnia, casks...... 4 4% ASS. saci 547 bs $F Ce baeeincme sym ie lee a Aces bags. Po Stout, G&y, fubieiegee ° Raisins, Valencia, off-stalk. 434 26 Belectedis san ceieicence nes 5% 6 ‘ Peaches, 2’ 2) 'S. Anew 2¥% and 3in., in. and up W 4in.. 1 in., 10 in. and up wi 1%, xa and 2 in., 8in No. 1, mill culls....... No. 2, or red horse... No. 3 I2. Add $x ‘to each. additionz Y in length. io brands. river made Pes Butts... ING. 2.5:-c oe Pe Hemlock ..0- ve -plee eee Apples ’s. Me Peas; cise “Sifted Select. ay nas pf Pumpkins, 3's ..-.-.. cs gallon Tomatoes, 3'S;- asso ‘Thistle’ Finan Haddies 1 Salmon, talls. . flats, No. x... see Comp. Corn. Beef 1b cans | Piskeaieen Ceylon... Porto Rico.... Guatemala . . Jamaica... ... : Maracaibo. . Caffaroma, x and 2b tins,asstd tee Bar, Ingots, rough and ready, Bs. Laurel, 3 iS Brier, 7 "Ses Oe ara Index, 7S, > Se PARMENTER, Box 512, VWoopstTroecx, ONT. 7 Rovac Evectric Company MONTREAL, QUE. Western Office: TORONTO, ONT. Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ MANUFACTURERS OF Electrical Machinery *. Apparatus LIGHT and POWER SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHT AND POWER ALSO FOR ELECTRIG PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED, THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 1” » , Bauip Your Mil me AW EEE & Unbreakable Steel Girder B_ Saw Garriagss Jury, 1805 ENGINE WORKS C2 LTO! BRANTFORD CANADA i ge—Opens 501n. from Saw; 8in. Steel Girders; 14 in. Steel Wheels; Cut Steel Rack and Pinions. SS Rear View No. 5 Carria. The First to Start Up of the 418 Allis Bands Sold in Canada this year. Burk’s Falls, Ont., April 19th, 1895. THE WATEROUS ENGINE CO., (Ltd.), Brantford, Ont. ( Gentlemen,—We have now tried the No. 3 Allis Band purchased from ( you. It has been running for the last eight days, and is giving us good | satisfaction. It don’t seem to take any more power than the circular saw Z did. We are sawing Birch, and there is quite a lot of frost in it, but it is making splendid work. We have not broken a saw so far. __ The trial that we have given the mill is sufficient, and we accept the mill as per our agreement with you. We will have much pleasure in re- commending the mill to anyone who may contemplate putting in a band. Yours very truly, T. G. S. TRAIN. MR. TRAIN USES WATER POWBR WAT EROUS ENGINE WORKS COL BRANTFORD CANADA Two More No. 8 Bands Just Started Ottawa, May 10th, 1895. The Waterous Engine Co., Brantford, Ont. Gentlemen,—This is to let you know that your Mr. Grant has been here since Thursday last, and has hammered and ; put in order all the saws, except one, No. ¢ A—Front View—Opens 36 in. from Saw; 6 in. Steel Girders; 10 in. Steel peat ery’ mene pleasure: in: stating eee cee eevee Bnd Pinions. that so far both the mills and the saws on them have given us the best of satis- faction, and if they continue to doas well as they have done, the few days we have been running them, we will be wa very well satisfied indeed. Yours truly, WM. MASON & SONS. _ WE BUILD Steam Feeds, Steam Niggers, Steam Log Unloaders, Steam Log Rollers, Steam Cut-Off Saws, Heavy Edgers, Trimmers, Stave Sawing Machinery, Conveyor and Haul-Up Chains. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED LEFT HAND FRONT VIEW, ALLIS BAND. —Waterous. Brantiord, Oanada “=> 18 ——-W. STODARI J. G. AINSILE J. W. MAITLAND H. RIXON Se ee MAITLAND, RIXON & CO, OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, GEDAR RAD HEMLOGK Quotations furnished on application GALT WE MAKE A... see SPECIALTY OF MACHINE KN Vis OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting i =——Send for Price List PETER HAY, GAL ONT. | | i AUN NNN ts | | eM |) \ P.PAYETTE'S... PATENT FRICTIONAL FEED DOUBLE WITH tm THE CANADA LUMBERMAN BAND SAWS BREAK SIXTEEN RBASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of btades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and is handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. . Cs mT i \ [n four sizes : FULL Address— MALL & FISHER 60., Lid. Woodstock, N. B. SSeS Patent —_ Shingle Machine MANUFACTURERS OF . THE Sow Mill HAT § PERE MARQUETTE | = aunety RAILROAD 7 -/Port Huron and Detroit Wood or Iron Frames. . Is the Short Line to SAGINAW AND BAY GITY ‘(Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MI. PLEASANT, CLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company's line of steamships across Lake Michigan. CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. if if th IMPROVE- riages. Live Rollers, Wood or Iron. Log Canters, Light and Heavy. Double Edgers, Friction and ‘Direct eed. Head Blocks, Light and Heavy. Mill Dogs. Saw Guides. Trimmer, Log and Carrier Chains. Set Works. Top Saws. Brass and Iron Fittings. Saw Swage for Circular, Gang or Band. Swing Saws. Trimmers. Butting Tables. Boilers and Boiler Fittings. Shafting, Boxing, Pulleys, Hangers. Paper Frictions, Wood and Iron. Brass and Iron Castings of all kinds. Machinery for Lath Mill. “ ce Shingle a The line thus formed is a short and direct route from a “ Re-sawing. “ Jack-Ladder. _ MONTREAL TORONTO " * Dra and all Canadian Territory “« Engines, Stationary and Marine. To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. ill) P. Payette & Co, “* Pumps. Making Matches. - “ This rcad traverses a section of Michigan with un- Cant Hook Handles. rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all met wee a market for every product of Forest and Field. The policy of the “F.& P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. - “ Terms and Prices on application. Generar Orrices: - SAGINAW, MICA. Penetanguishene, Ont. Jury, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Dodge Patent Specialties —= | Dodge “Wood. Split Belt Pulleys .. l Dodge Split Friction Clutch and Cut-off eaple : Dodge System of Rope Transmission of Power Hl Dodge Rope Dressing for preserving Transmission Ropes 4 IL SH SISSIES SIE TIESIES SI STSSSISY 1895 CATALOGUE MAILED ON APPLICATION. DODGE woop SPLIT PULLEY CO. OFFICE, 68 KING ST. WEST TORONTO Canada Atlantic Railway OTTAWA, ARNPRIOR AND PARRY SOUND RAILWAY OPERATING THE Ottawa and New York Lumber Line - Ottawa and Boston Lumber Line - Canada Atlantic Fast Freight Line (Operating over the Grand Trunk, Central Vermont, and Boston and Maine Railways.) —: SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE : For through rates, information and list of lumber dealers, apply to any ...FROM AND TO... OTTAWA ARN PRIOR TORONTO MONTREAL BUFFALO QUEBEC DETROIT HALIFAS TONAWANDA PORTLAND AND ALL POINTS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. officer of these lines or connections, or to R. Al. GARTER JOHN SMITH Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade Ontario Agent, Board Trade MONTREAL TORONTO CAPT. J. A. WILLIAMS CG. J. SMITH 15 Lumber District, Albany, N. Y. General Freight Agent, Ottawa. DS HAWEKESBURZT BURLINGTON BOSTON vy NEW YORE ALBANY, &C- P. S.—The opening of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa to the Georgian Bay, offers to the manufacturer and purchaser a new district not heretofore reached by any other line. Dauntless Shingle and Heading Machine * WILL make more Shingles per day than any self-acting machine | withevertical saw in existence, and more |. Shingles from the same |. quantity of timber. + aN THE FRAME ... Is of Iron throughout, very |: heavy and rigid, strongly bolted |. [copy. ] Hastines, Dec. 3, 1894. F. J. DRAKE, Esq., Belleville. Dear Sir,—We have waited two years before giving you our idea of your machinery. This we did to thoroughly test it, and can now say we know what it can do. Your Saw Mill is equal, or nearly equal, to any we have seen of much heavier make, and far in advance of any light rig in the market. The capacity per day is fully up to your guarantee, 40 M perday. We have and braced. THE CARRIAGE .. Is very light and strong, made of forged Cast Steel Plate, running on steel ways or tracks, Will take in a block 18 inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. for any kind of timber. Ours being in a manner a custom mill, we have good, bad and indifferent timber, but for all it does the work satisfac- orily. You may use this in any way you please, or refer to us at any time. Yours truly, (Sgd.) W. J. & H. W. Fow ps. -| tested with eight men | The Shingle Mill cannot be beaten CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY “<4 PATENTEBB AND... MANUFACTURER OF —F. J. DRAKER=— SAW, SHINGLE AND LATH MACHINERY Bn Wwwr wile. ONT. {OE OD A RRS Nhat me cui he pyc ohey cM iat eee hte eva rs ' pl , re Tae ay ee , Oa tT? ih St Leas Me (te aN pk - ee ’ ke ’ pat bTyasvae we Baas ‘ a THE CANADA LUMBERMAN J. B. WALL, President. VINE CRANDALL, Vice-President. -M. M. WALL, Treasurer. . = BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER CO. ... WHOLESALE’ DEALERS IN... * HARDWOOD LUMBER * ARTIES manufacturing or having for sale Birch, Maple, 940 E.x STREET —h Basswood, Soft or Rock Elm, White or Brown Se. | BUFFALO, N.Y. Ash, &c., should correspond with us, as we are always in the market for such desirable stock. Annual Sales, 25,000,000 Feet. We have our own Salesmen in New York and New England. THE REID CO., OF TORONTO — (LIMITED) Emery Rots. DONOGH SC OLIVER LUMBER = Wholesalgand Retail « , GOAL, Saw Gummers, Automatic Grindi ana Machines for apna a kinds of Pine and Hardwood Veneer, Planer and Paper Knives, —. a ee WHOLESALE DEALERS IN LONG OAK BILLS A SPECIALTY The Tanite Co., = ie tae Office: Corner King and Berkeley Sts. Cincinnati, 1 West Pearl Street. . Dock Beotws Berkeley St. U S C S FPANADIANOFFI CEs Scy so for yur J.D. SHIBR L MBER, LATH avo SHIN LE Ue = pasties, (ee) | a i & ad pera Se) Lumber, Lathe Shingles» TORONTO: 204-205 Board of Trade Building. Si ar BUFFALO : Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. It Pays to Advertise in BRAGEBRIDGE, ONT. : Tue CanapA LUMBERMAN A. + k. + WILLIAMS .-Sono Machine VWwiotks) TOR @iht es. MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN odw Mill Machinery slings Mill Machinery Hoop and Veneer Mill Machinery Wood-working Machinery i ~ lron-working Machinery BLEGTRIG LIGHT PLANTS. ELECTRIC MOTORS. ENGINES AND BOILERS OF ALL SIZES. Sey SESS SSS ess Write for a Circular and Catalogue, 1 aie this advertisement. SGURGEVANG : DRY : KILN ? PLANGS EXCEL ALL OTHERS IN EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY. . SEND FOR SPECIAL STURTEVANT DRY KILN CATALOGUES. Fy. R. WILUAMS -_ Soho Machine Works _ TORONTO Pep eet a STURTEVANTCOMBINED STEAM FAN AND HEATER. VortumeE XVI. 4 TERMS, $1.00 Per YEAR NuMBER 8. , Single Copies, ro Cents. MAGNOLIA MEGAL Rese: BY Bight Leading Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woolen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS RetresMOLIA METAL Co. x 74 Cortlandt St.. NEW YORK AUTOMATIC INJECTOR... JET PUMPS.. WATER GAGES 85 OOO Engineers have OIL CUPS 9 used it, and de- ARE THE BEST as clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. ENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. DETROIT, MICH. TORONTO, ONT., AUGUST, 1895 LONDON ae yt gob Brice: TRAD VICTORIA STREET RADERS’ BUILDING NTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE “The Morse" — js the only machine in the market that will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. — 5 ee a Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHERS | LE MANUFACTURERS . ‘“‘ Reliance Works,” - MONTREAL. Branch Factory: WINDSOR, ONT. - 9990000000090000 What do you do __——__ when the Band Saws Break? c. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS J. L. Goodhue & 60. MANUFACTURERS OF | FATHER BELTING :.:: DUNDAS - ONTARIO. Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should write us for prices. , Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. | | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. | Danville, Que. anp LACE LEATHER | Why, Solder them, of course We supply a tough quality of silver solder rolled thin for this work. Price, $1.00 per oz. Troy. P. W. ELLIS & CO. é Manufacturing Jewelers 0000000000008 TORONTO $9900090000000000 099° Fie E.R. BURNS SAW 60.2% Toroni === MANUFACTURERS 0F —— Circular and Long Saws > SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY . AND. THE “BURNS” CROSS-CUT SAW nlite The Strongest, Most Durable and Easily Adjusted Handle ever invented. PATENTED JUNE 26, 1803 2 ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR ITi » ite \ THE CANADA LUMBERMAN THE NEW PRESCOTT Mand Saw Maas : “mth NUR" rs — Wu q . TMT —_ nt = [ZL a Ul a . i | Ml (A: _) mi HH if mn Mh . Mn eS) aN = | Wy I] a Gs e mN q 39. @ the in “Footstep” bearings, or those on which the lower - -ends of a vertical spindle rests, should have both lateral and vertical adjustments, and a recess for oil having direct communication with the bearing surface should be formed in the pedestal in which the bearing is fitted. Should a bearing “seize,” pour cold water on it till thor- ‘oughly cool. If conical bearings are used care must be taken that the spindles are allowed no end play. With machines having a reciprocating motion, such as saw frames, steam mortising machines, etc., it is of the utmost importance that firm and substantial founda- tions are provided, or, owing to the excess of vibration, the quality of the work turned out will be damaged. With machines working on the rotary principle, little difficulty is experienced, as most of the vibration is ab- sorbed by the framing, assuming it to be well propor- tioned and the working parts truly balanced and fitted. To reduce the depth and lessen the cost of foundations, saw or swing frames should be connected. to the crank shaft by two rods, one on either side of the frame. The reciprocating parts should be counter-balanced, and the crank shaft arranged as near the base of the machine as possible. The vibration is also considerably lessened by the introduction of a sheet of lead or a thin piece of hard wood between the base of the machine and crank shaft plummer blocks and the masonry.— Carpenter and Builder. ; ne PATENT HORIZONTAL SAWING MACHINE. Ww give herewith a rough sketch, taken from a model, and a few particulars concerning a Patent Horizon- tal Sawing Machine of English manufacture. The ob- jects the inventors have in view are the reduction of space required for the machine, and a higher speed than can at present be attained by the ordinary horizontal. PATENT HORIZONTAL SAWING MACHINE. They state that the crank, being vertical, requires no balancing, and therefore vibration is reduced to a mini- mum. The slide of the machine is on an improved principle, the frame for carrying the saws being driven by a bell crank working vertically between the standards and the slide. The crank shaft is driven from a counter- shaft, which is fixed to the machine. The same shaft works the feed, and thus makes the machine self-con- tained. The pulley on the crank shaft has an extra long boss, which works in a pedestal fixed to the top of the machine, the crank shaft sliding up and down a long fixed key in the pulley. The table 1s worked on the same principle as the ordinary horizontal—a variable feed, and has a quick forward and return motion. The slide is raised by power, and everything is brought within easy reach of the operator. The machine will take up no more room than the length of the slide. NEW CANADIAN PATENTS. Saw SET. Patentee: Mrs. Lydia Moyer, assignee of Samuel Si Moyer and Alvin W. Moyer, all of Berlin, Ont., 13th May, 1895; 6 years. , Claim.—tst. A saw set, comprised of levers A and B, lever B having a cavity D, with. a spring F secured therein, a disc K with a series of holes L, niches M and = cavities O in niches, said disc secured to lever B by a thumb screw H, a steel pin P secured in jaw d of lever A, substantially and for the purpose set forth. 2nd. In combination with levers A and B, disc K, thumb nuts and spring F, substantially as described. SSN SS ASS SECTIONAL FEED ROLLER AND PRESSURE BAR FOR PLANERS. Patentee: MacGregor, Gourlay & Co., assignees of Thomas Cumming Robertson, and James McElroy, all of Galt, Ont., 21st, May, 1895 ; 6 years. This is a patent in which there is a feed roller com- prising a series of sections capable of rotating freely on sleeves carried by a fixed shaft and adapted to move vertically thereon ; in combination with a pressure bar constructed in sections suitably supported and each con- nected with a corresponding section of the feed roller so as to move simultaneously therewith. In a feed roller is found the combination of the following elements: A series of feed roller section having grooves formed in each end thereof, a series of sleeves supporting said sec- tions, a fixed shaft on which the said sleeves are verti- cally movable, a series of rings located between the sec- tions of the rollers, a pair of studs connected to one side of the rings diametrically opposite to one another, a pair of studs connected to the opposite side of the rings at point intermediate of the other pair, the said studs entering the grooves in the ends of the adjoining feed roller sections and means for imparting motion to at least one section of the roller. In connecticn with the feed roller are also embodied other features that will give practical value to the invention. In a planer, a pressure bar comprising a series of shoes or independent sections sliding on lugs formed ona stationary bar in combination with adjustable springs suitably arranged to impart a downward pressure to the said shoes or sec- tions, and spring pressure rollers suitably carried in ver- tically movable bearings and having hooks formed on the back of their bearings with which the said pivoted links engage, substantially as and for the purposes specified. REMOVABLE SAW TEETH. Patentee : Philias Bertrand, St. John, N. B,, 20th May, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—A. removable saw tooth composed of two parts, namely, the bit or cutting part B, having formed in it the two circular recesses e’, and point f’ and the key part G, having the two circular projections j’, holes h’ and i’ shoulder |’, and slit m’, all substantially as here- in shown and described. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED ON THE First OF EACH MONTH —BY— Cc. H. MORTIMER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy One Year, im advance ..............ccccccvcccecceecs $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance .............ceceeeeeerteece 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue CanapA LUMBERMAN is published in the inter-sts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominicn, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of thecommerce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr + Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanaDA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘WanTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line foreach insertion. Announce- gents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. ; Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. _————————————————————————————————————eee THE FUTURE OF PINE VALUES. THE question of low prices of pine lumber is being discussed by lumbermen and in the lumber press. The apparent paradox presents itself, that with the growing scarcity of pine forests the prices of pine lumber con- tinue low, with little tendency to stiffen. It is pointed out that whilst there was a period in the history of this continent when its pine forests assumed great propor- tions, yet these possessed comparatively little commer- cial value. Then there came the time when the coun- try was opened out, railways were built, communities were established, and large cities grew apace. Building operations, under these conditions, became active, and pine, more than any other lumber, entered into consump- tion. The value of white pine commenced to make itself ap- parent to shrewd observers. It was learned that no other timber filled the place that it did, and was so use- ful for many and various purposes. The demand grew. Capitalists saw a good investment in standing pine tim- ber. Competition for possession of these lands was soon made manifest. As has been remarked by another, there is no value in stumpage unless a certain demand has been created for the lumber. This value had been created and stumpage values advanced rapidly, until within the past year or two, in our own country, these have reached a figure that makes it absolutely necessary that a reasonable price be obtained for the felled tree, if the capital invested is to be made pay a fair margin. Here the question is raised, whether lumbermen who have paid high prices for the standing timber of to-day, will not experiénce difficulty in realizing nearly the same profit as had come to those who were owners of limits in the earlier days. Can the fortunes of the older lumbermen of this country be repeated? Some believe so. It is contended that white pine has become, and is becoming, scarce enough to give it a premium among the woods of the continent. The position seems safe, that in better grades of pine generous prices will prevail. In the. older, and also the newer pine districts, the point has Mi het ee Te oe been reached, however, where the felled trees will not cut in any large part to first grades of lumber. With a preponderance of common stock on the market prices in these grades are likely to depreciate. To the extent that lumbermen who have bought stand- ing timber at high prices must hold this to secure a pay- ing price, will consumers be forced to look around for substitutes, costing them less money, and this is being done in the present day. Yellow pine is made a substi- tute for white pine to no small extent, where price is a consideration. Duluth lumber is coming on to the market, and as a new district, anxious to secure trade, the inducement of lower prices is being held out. Other causes will enter into the conditions that will influence the price of pine. It is being remarked, that with an improving taste, and desire for better things, and better times will help largely in this direction, maple of second and third quality is being used now-a- days for flooring, where pine had been used before. Iron and steel are entering into building operations in an increased manner of late years, and any large growth in this direction will have its influence on the consump- tion of lumber. Substitutes in other directions, it may be expected, will take the place of lumber, and all these causes will go in a general way to regulate the price. And so, after allowing for what has been said as regards pine stumpage and kindred considerations, it is, asa contemporary has remarked, “The prices of lumber will be determined by less occult causes, the importance of the supply in relation to the amount of the demand, the competition among different varieties of wood and among purchasers of wood under consideration, the effects of agitation and co operation, of values, and a hundred other causes, which are only indirectly related to any such alleged cause as that advanced.” INTERPRETING THE LUMBER TARIFF. THAT our readers may have a clear understanding of the ruling given by the United States Board of General Appraisers, touching the question of dressed lumber, we print the exact wording of the decision : The merchandise consists of dressed boards on one side, with the edges planed or jointed and tongued and grooved. It was assessed for duty as a manufacture of lumber at 25 per cent. under Section 3, Act 1894, and is claimed to be exempt from duty as dressed lumber under paragraph 676. From the evidence in the case it appears that the trade dis- tinction of dressed lumber is lumber that is planed or surfaced on one or both sides, and brought to an even thickness. When it is further advanced in manufacture, by having the edges planed or jointed, it is no longer known as dressed lumber, but sheathing, casing, or by other names descriptive of the uses for which it has been prepared. When it has been subjected to the further processes of tonguing and grooving or beading, it is known as flooring, sheathing, ceilings, etc. We find that the merchandise had been advanced beyond the condition of dressed lumber, and that it is a manufacture of wood. It is provided for under paragraph 181. The protest is overruled. TuHapb. S. SHARRETS. J. B. WILKINSON, JR. WILsBuR F. Lunt, [Signed] \ The question was raised by the exacting of 25 per cent. duty ad valorem on a shipment of lumber entered at the customs at Ogdensburg, N. Y. The lumber was planed on both sides, jointed, matched and beaded, and was classified by the customs officer as out of the free lum- ber list, and on the dutiable list. No good will be accomplished by viewing this ques- tion other than in a liberal and equitable light. It is nat- ural, perhaps, that a certain section of the lumber trade of the United States should hail the Appraisers’ decision with delight, and in the current lumber journals letters are published from various lumber concerns and lumber districts, commending this decision. But this does not settle the matter, and the final settlement, we presume, will be through the United States Circuit Court, as was the case with the red cedar of British Columbia, judgment in which case is published in another column. There are points in the decision of the Circuit Court re. red cedar that throw light on the present ques- tion of dressed lumber. There it is stated: “It was clearly the intent of Congress to exempt from duty all the cheaper grades of wood when rough, unmanufactured or partially manufactured, and to levy duty only upon the boards, etc., of the finer and more expensive woods used in cabinet work. This was the broad scheme of the Act of 1894.” A. measure like that of the Wilson Avcust, 1895. tariff can only be interpreted and made workable when taken in the broad and liberal spirit suggested by the words of the Circuit Court judgment. The clauses of the Wilson tariff referring to lumber do not stand alone as the wording of the Act itself shows. They are dependent upon parallel clauses in the Canadian tariff, and to quote the Minister of Finance, when amending the lumber tariff, so as to meet the changed interpretation given of dressed lumber by the United States Appraisers, “In the preparation of the — tariff last year the Canadian government had had the idea of reciprocity in respect to all articles on which this could be done and more especially in regard to lumber. For many years all had agreed that if it were possible to have reciprocity in lumber it was advisable to have it.” This view is clearly endorsed by the Circuit Court, in their decision in the red cedar case in these words: “ Again, it is apparent from the Act (par. 693) and simi- lar provisions in the Canadian Act in the same year (section 13, par. 739, of customs tariff Canada), as well as from contemporaneous history, that the legislation of 1894 on this subject was entered into on both sides in a spirit of reciprocity. Neither country was to impose duty upon the coarser woods imported from the other.” The lumber press of the United States, when the tariff became law, so understood, and interpreted, the Act in the manner here stated, and it has only come in this case, as with red cedar, for a customs officer at a border point to call the Act into question. “ Judge Daniels, who was one of the most vigorous opponents of the Wilson tariff and especially watched the lumber clauses as they were passing through Congress, said, after the bill had become law: “ When the bill was in conference I endeavored to get them to put an ad valorem duty on planed, matched, grooved and tongued lumber, but they did not pay the slightest heed to the arguments showing the necessity of such duty in order to protect our lumber manufacturers from the inroads that will be made upon them by the Canadian people.” Thus, of the intent of the law, there would seem to have been at the time of its making, no doubt whatever. The nice question raised now is, what constitutes dressed lumber? Or, in other words, where does dressed or finished lumber end, and manufactured lumber begin? The decision of the Board of General Appraisers states that “dressed lumber 1s lumber that is planed or sur- faced on one or both sides and brought to an even thick- ness. When it is further advanced in manufacture, by having the edges planed or jointed, it is no longer known as dressed lumber, but as sheathing, casing, or by other names descriptive of the uses for which it has been prepared.” Against this interpretation let us take the answer of Mr. G. W. Hotchkiss, of Chicago, the vet- eran lumberman and writer. In answer toa query of the Northwestern Lumberman, “ What is dressed lum- ber,” and what should be understood by “manufactures of wood,” referring specially to the decision of the cus- toms department of Ogdensburg, classifying flooring, etc., as manufactures of wood, he says that the legends and customs of the trade would not sanction such a decision. “If we go back,” says Mr. Hotchkiss, “to the introduc- tion of the planing machine, we shall find that the term “dressed lumber” was applied to every variety of its product, whether the simple surfacing or tonguing and grooving, and this continued to be the universal nomen- clature down to the days when the retailer of this city (practically the first to do it) introduced the various divisions and subdivisions in quality or grade into which his stock has since been divided, necessitating in the case of dressing, various terms to signify the character and extent of the dressing. Although flooring, ceiling, etc., are now ready for use in the main, they have yet to go through the manipulations of the carpenter, must be sawed to square end, and fitted to the place they are to occupy in the work, and cannot be called “ wholly manu- factured” until thus fitted. From the earliest history of the trade the designation “dressed lumber” has been applied, and the terms S 1 S, S 2 S, are but mere tech- nical descriptions of the extent of the dressing. I re- member that under the reciprocity treaty with Canada, 1855-1865, some of our customs officials for a time made claim that while “saw-jointed” shingles were admitted free, “knife-jointed” shingles were dutiable. Proper re- presentation to the head of the department secured an Aveust, 1895. ee eg ee A ea? abrogation of this claim, as the shingle was no more a manufacture of lumber when trimmed with a knife than when trimmed with a saw, and was ready for immediate use in either case. Would a tongued and grooved (not surfaced) plank be “manufacture of wood” subject to duty as “dressed” Jumber? I think not, and yet I have handled large quantities of it which was for the use in- tended just as much as a manufactured product as if it had been surfaced. The ordinary meaning of “dressed” lumber as defined by customs, includes flooring, ceiling and wainscoting as well as facing, which is but one de- gree of dressing, while others are carried a degree or two further. A mianufacture of wood would be a finished product either in whole or in knock down, requiring no farther manipulation in the way of fitting except the final finish of paint or varnish.” Mr. Hotchkiss winds up his argument with the remark that if the term “dressed” had been defined by the authorities of the law to be confined to “ surfacing,” it is probable that the simple term would have been used; but in the use of the term “dressed” they but conform to the custom which has prevailed in the lumber trade from time 1m- memorial. The present is the first time in an experience dating from 1847 that Mr. Hotchkiss says he ever heard it claimed that “flooring and the like was not properly classed as “dressed,” rather than as a manufacture of lumber. Manufacturers in Canada, who, like J. W. Howry & Sons, and others, have equipped their mills with special plants for dressing and finishing lumber, have reason to protest against the Appraisers’ decision on the ground of vested interests, as well as from an intelligent and generally accepted interpretation of the law itself, as is pointed out in our remarks above. The very fact that the Messrs. Howry, a Michigan concern, should have made heavy investments in planing mill equipment in Canada, is good evidence of what was intended by the Wilson tariff. It is not easy to conceive that, as shrewd men of business, they would have made such an investment, had they not reason to believe that the tariff meant just exactly what Mr. Hotchkiss has stated it must mean. And so it is with others. The hope is, as the Minister of Finance has stated, that in introducing a retaliatory clause into the Cana- dian tariff, it will be the means of promoting a friendly consideration of the case and a friendly settlement. TRADE WITH FRANCE. Witu the commercial treaty affecting the relations between Canada and France in respect of their customs and tariff now fully ratified, the Chambre de Commerce, of Montreal, is doing excellent work, in specially exam- ining into the possibilities of development in all lines of trade between these countries. Where France has been a fair customer for Canadian lumber, she has yet purchased under the old tariff, but a small percentage of her annual consumption. The ex- ports of wood and manufactures of wood from this coun- try to France in 1894 were as follows : Spruce and other deals, $84,122 ; deal ends, $6,902 ; planks and boards, $14,168 ; lumber, $2,279; square timber, $7,318, and other miscellaneous manufactures of wood, $2,893, or a grand total of $117,682. The report of the Chambre de Commerce, giving in detail the importations cf lumber to France in 1892, show that these amounted to $40,000, - 000, and of these $33,000,000 are represented in what is termed common timber, as distinct from cabinet woods, the class of timber that Canada is well able to supply. From what source does France receive her lumber supplies at present? The question is answered in the report before us in these words: “As for instance the Scandinavian states, especially Sweden, heads the list with 50 per cent. of the whole; supplies with Russia nearly the totality of the imports of the English channel. Canada figures also with its paltry quantity. The same Sweden and Norway with Russia via the Black Sea sup- plies the ports of the Mediterranean, but this time in company with Austria, Hungary, Italy and the United States. Bordeaux and the ports of the Atlantic are sup- plied nearly exclusively by the hands of the last named country. Germany, a part of Austria, and Switzerland enter by land of the east frontier and supply the balance of the needs of the market in this district and in portions of the centre.” THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 In the past there have been difficulties in the way ot a large trade in lumber between France and Canada. The methods of doing business there are different to other countries, and especially Great Britain, with whose ways Canadian lumbermen are intimate. But this is simply a case of adopting methods suited to the country. The terms of the treaty place Canadian lumbermen ona perfectly equal footing with those of other countties. “Tt guarantees,” to quote from the report of the Chambre de Commerce, “a reduction varying from $1.25 to $1.95 per 1,000 feet, B. M., and if by the efforts of incerested parties direct and regular communication by steamer between the two countries can be secured, it would be ridiculously foolish not to profit by the circumstance, and abandon cheerfully, on account of a few difficulties that might be encountered at first, a vast and rich field of exploitation on the only ground of these being foreign competition.” We have on a previous occasion referred to the opinion expressed by Mr. J. B. Snowball, of Chatham, N. B., who said in his lumber report at the first of the year: “ Twelve cargoes were shipped from this port to France during the past season, all to Marseilles, in the face of the disadvantage ‘we are under as regards the import duty ; but now that Canada is about to enjoy the favored nation clause under the recently ratified treaty a large revival of our exports to that country is looked for.” And the Brooklyn Eagle of the 2nd Jan., 1895, alluding to the sale to an American syndicate of 860,000 acres of timber limits in Nova Scotia, said: ‘“‘ Agencies will be continued by the company in England, and new ones will be opened in the United States and in France and in South America.” The new treaty not only applies to France, but also to its colonies, and there is reason to believe that a good trade may be done with these also. SOME LUMBER FIGURES. Ir we take the statistics of the lumber trade of Canada, as shown in the last report of the department of Trade and Commerce, it will be found that the exports of lum- ber for the fiscal year, ending June 30th, 1894, fall short of those of the year previous by rather more than $1,- 000,000, though showing an increase over 1891 and 1892, but again behind 1890. The figures are: 1890, $28,102,267 ; 1891, $26,812,765 ; 1892, $24,666,900 ; 1893, $28,841,081; 1894, $27,780,352. Where this lumber has gone, in what quantities and ways, is an interesting question. The export of logs show up in large figures, and almost entirely of pine. Pine logs exported amounted to $2,459,354, where those of spruce were $107,282, and all others $106,824. The United States, practically, were our only customers for logs, and as showing how these exports have grown from year to year, the following figures are suggestive: Total exports of logs in 1894, $2,750,270 ; 1893, $1,508,513 ; 1892, $1,112,687 ; 1891, $722,845, and 1890, $681,265. How far it is wisdom on the part of Canada to ship her lumber in logs in such quantities is a question on which opinion divides. In his last annual address before the shareholders of the Merchants’ Bank, Mr. Geo. Hague expressed the view that this large exportation of logs was an unwise policy. The United States, happily, who were large custome:s for logs were still better customers for planks and boards, turned out of the saw mills of Canada, and it is a question whether exports in such quantities would have gone to that country, without the freedom in exportation of sawn lumber that has followed, and is a condition of, a free export oflogs. The total exports ofplanks and boards for 1894, were $7,964,970, against $9,904,901 for the pre- vious year ; $8,353,055 in 1892 ; $8,963,434 in 1891 and $8,104,577 in 1890. Of these the United States pur- chased in 1894, $6,577,440; 1893, $8,571,525; 1892, $7,359,356; 1891, $7,966,134 and 1890 $6,977,697. Coming to treat of another class of wood goods, to use the English term for lumber, it is learned that for pine and spruce deals the United Kingdom is an excellent customer. The exports of pine deals to Great Britain in 1894 were $2,766,065 ; 1893, $3,113,120; 1892, $2,405,610; 1891, $2,903,178; 1890, $3,719,487. The exports of spruce deals far exceed those of pine, being as follows : 1894, $4,925,640; 1893, $4,255,006 ; 1892; $3,710,627 ; — 2? ae oe y 1891, $4,462,446, and in 1890, which was the best of these five years, $5,110.239. The lumber of Canada finds a market, to a greater or lesser extent, in almost all parts of the world. The ex- ports in planks and. boards for 1894, to West Indies were $184,486. Newfoundland took $70,350 worth of planks and boards, $88,506 in lumber, and some small purchases in other manufactures of wood, and the S. W. Indies $172,673. The Argentine Republic, Australia, Africa, Germany, France, Spain, Portugal, Norway and Sweden, Belgium, Holland, Japan, Maaeria, and other lands have all some acquaintance with Canadian lumber. EDITORIAL NOTES. THE semi-weekly bathing of logs is something new in the history of lumbering, but this is being done on the Ontonagon river where the Diamond Match Co. cut last winter over 100,000,000 feet of timber, because of forest fires, which left the timber subject to the worms. These logs were put in the streams and what could be driven were sent down. About 80,000,000 feet were hung up. The water was very low in some places, and the only way to cover the logs was by the scheme de- vised for bathing. Though expensive, it will be better than losing the logs altogether. THE theory, generally accepted as based upon scien- tific principles, that forests or the lack of forests, de- termine the amount of rainfall in a given area, is called into question by a contemporary in the light of the drought that has been experienced everywhere in the past two cr three months. The untenable character of the contention is shown by a reference to the fact that the drought-scorched area has included many states that are heavily timbered. The existence of the forests in these cases has not helped conditions any more than where it was simply broad prairie, and the conclusion is that “the man who says that forest denudation is the cause of drought is yet upa tree.” Alongside of state- ments of this kind may be read the story of the work of the Society of the Friends of Trees, an organization hav- ing its home in France, and whose special purpose is to promote re-forestration for the purpose of regulating the matter of rainfall and preventing drought, and other in- jury that it is alleged comes to a country where the work of the denudation of its forests is indulged in. It not unfrequently happens that the beliefs, that seem the most fixed with individuals, are completely knocked out at times by the matter-of-fact experience of the day. It is reported, that in Duluth, recently, lumber dealers threatened to boycott any builder or architect who should specify Washington fir in any public buildings. The purpose, doubtless, was to make it necessary that home timber should be used. Where it can be shown that for certain well defined reasons it is unwise to import foreign woods to be used in public buildings, the lumber trade owe a duty to themselves and their district to point out these drawbacks and bring all reas- onable force to bear preventing their use. But let rea- son in all cases prevail. The boycott is a measure wanting in courage. It may be said, it is the coward’s weapon, whether used by workmen, manufacturers, or any one else. In fact, so far as lumber is concerned, it is almost impossible to talk of excluding any particular class of lumber from any particular district or country. No article of merchandise is so thoroughly cosmopolitan in its character as lumber, and the trade is becoming more so every year. Washington fir, or what is known in this country as the Douglas fir of British Columbia, is especially suited for certain work, and the world over, those who want the best tumber for shipbuilding, and in other cases where great strength and endurance is re- quired, will be obliged to secure Douglas fir. In the Transactions of American Civil Engineers 1s published the following tests of woods : White pine broke at 3,872 pounds, all same sizes. Norway pine broke at 4,008 pounds, all same sizes. Douglas fir broke at 6,214 pounds, all same sizes. In other words Douglas fir was shown to be by riyer on eitherside; alwaysplenty of water for driving. ; The timber consists of large quantities of white pine, cedar, spruce and fir, and the greater part of these limits have never had an axe on them. Intending pur- chasers can view these limits at any time without trouble. Further information at time of sale. For further particulars apply to John McD. Haines, 43 St. Sacrament St. Montreal; A. A. Benson, 718 Craig St. Montreal, or Waterous Engine Works Co., Ltd., Brantford, Ont. A. J. MAXHAM & CO., Auctioneers, 130 Peter St. Quebec. JOHN McD. HAINES, Curator, 43 St. Sacrament St., Montreal. BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHANGES. G. & S. Lavatt, saw-mill, have removed from Three Forks, B. C., to Sandon. A. Ferris & Co., planing mill, Sudbury, Ont., are in financial difficulties, J. Bergen, lumber, Plum Coulee, Man., has sold out to Wagner Bros. Fire in the woods north of Lachute, Que., is causing much damage to standing timber. A despatch from Vancouver, B, C., says that it is not likely that the Brunette saw-mills, recent- ly destroyed by fire, will be rebuilt. » Robert Hall, formerly in the sash, door and blind business at Toronto, is in the western states looking for a desirable opening on that side of the line. A large tract of land in British Columbia, con- taining 15,000 acres of yellow cedar or cypress wood, which is prized very highly, has been pur- chased by an English syndicate for $40,000 cash, It is estimated that there can be cut on these limits over 100,000,000 feet of yellow cedar, suit- able for commercial purposes. The St. Lawrence Lumber Co., at Bathurst, N. B., is running night and day to clean up the season's logs. P. J. Burns has taken the place of his brother, the late Senator K. F. Burns, as manager and trustee for the Company. The mill will be offered for sale later in the season, The saw-mill of Bolton & Matthew, and the sash and door factory of C. A. Jones, situated at McAuley's Corner, Lower Mill-Stream, N. B., have been destroyed by fire. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. IT cannot be considered good business policy to be continually talking of trade as ina doleful mood, yet, just now, it is difficult, if one wants to be truthful, to say anything else than that the lumber business is dull. Perhaps it is that the summer: quietude, which is expected at this time of the year, is rather more ac- centuated than usual, and it may be ex- pected that the reaction that will tollow in the fall will take on enlarged strength and force. Every one is hoping that this may be so, and there are conditions that give reason for this hope. Except that the crop reports are not as bright as they might be, because of the drought, the general trend of business in leading commercial manufacturing lines is towards better values and larger volume. It may be said that all this talk sounds very pleasant, but the lumber trade knows nothing about this improvement. Still it is reasonable to believe that the turn for Jumber will come alotig $oon. Stocksion rand at the'close of the halt year’s business are larger than is desirable, with a considerable new cut right at hand. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. There is a little, but yet not to any great extent, an abatement of shipments from Quebec since the turn of the half year. Canadian exporters to Great Britain view trade in a more hopeful light than earlier in the season. Conversing with McArthus Bros. & Co., a day or two since, the writer was informed that whilst their shipments up to date were, probably, a httle behind those of a year ago, yet before the season closed they would doubt- less run into: valume equal to those of 1894. The experience of this firm, as of others, is that the British maket is improv- ing, good quantities of timber going into consumption and prices more disposed to harden. Business is keeping up a fair average in New Brunswick, and shows a decided increase over that of a year ago. Just at present the spruce market is somewhat unsettled, because of a lessen- ing in demand in the United States, and as will be noted from something we have to say in another colum,n opinion differs as to what will be the outcome of condi- tions there before the season closes. BRITISH COLUMBIA. To quote the remark of Mr. R. E. Gos- nell, provincial librarian of British Colum- bia, when in the east a week ago, the lumber trade on the Pacific Coast is very brisk. This is a report that is confirmed by those who are immediately engaged in lumber in that province. The mills are busy, and the amount of lumber going in- ~ to consumption, both for foreign markets, and at home, is large. The outlook is more hopeful than it has been for some years, and if with an increased volume of trade the advance in prices madea few weeks ago can be maintained it will bring profit to the mill men that has long been looked for. UNITED STATES, The apparently steady march from a period of depression to that of activity in almost every branch of commerce is caus- ing United States lumbermen to view the immediate dullness, that is a marked fea- ture of the trade, with complacency and hope. If no large quantities of lumber are being enquired for at present, there is an undercurrent of preparation that seems to tell of a growing and stronger demand so soon as the summer months are passed by. In wholesale yards stocks are very low, and it will be a necessity to purchase liberally in the course of a month or so, if the expected revival in business matures at that date. In Tonawanda, Buffalo, ‘New York, Boston ‘and ‘other «eastern points this feeling is taking strong hold of the lumber trade. In the Southern States a better season’s business has been done than in some northern sections, and will close with a large increase in the cut on any former season. FOREIGN. A hardening tendency in lumber prices in the British markets furnishes encourag- ing evidence of improvement in trade. The imports during the month of June, which fell largely below those of 1894, will, it is believed, also, prove a factor in bringing back the market to normal con- ditions. The largest difference in this re- spect is shown in Canadian figures, the imports from British North America being only 80,000 Ids as against rather more than double that total in 1894, and 94,000 Ids in 1893. It is remarked by an English contemporary that if shippers only acted as sensibly during the remainder of the season as they have up to the present, there is certainly a better prospect in view for the timber trade of the United King- dom. Reports from foreign points tell of some improvement in business, and there is reason to suppose that the exports to Australia, South Africa, and South America will gather in size before the year closes. HARDWOODS. Sharing .with business - generally the quietness of the summer months, hard- woods are moving in smaller volume than has been the case in previous months of the year, where a very reasonable trade wasdone. The outlook, however, is hopeful. Maple is in fair demand, and it rs See ef 2 looks as though there would be a much larger call during the coming fall. Ash and elm are on constant call, and Cana- dian lumbermen are recipients of fair orders for these woods. Prices keep firm. STOCKS AND PRICES. An order for 550,000 cedar shingles is being loaded at Cross Creek, N. B., for John A. Humble, for vessel Galatea, on order received from Stetson, Cutler & Co., of Boston. D. S. Pate, Chicago, has closed a con- tract for 1,600,000 feet of pine lumber, sawed and furnished by Graham, Horne & Co:; of Fort William, Ont. ‘The logs out of which this lumber was cut were rafted across the lake from the Ashland, Wis. district. Lumber exports from St. John, .N. B., for the past week, were, 6,720,000 feet of deals, etc., to the United Kingdom ; 3,- 350,0c0 feet long lumber, 2,750,000 shingles, ‘1,763,000 lath, and 522 cords of wood to United States ports. The following exports from St. John, N. B.,’are noted for the week : “Per bqtn Belle Star, for Kilrush, by A. Gibsen, 294,490 deals, 10,425 ends; sch. Di Gif- ford, for Boston, by J. L. M. Jewett, 160,- ‘974 boards; plank and Scantling, 21,875 clapboards, 1,940°picketS, 252,750 cedar shingles, 101,200 latts-; sch. D..W.B., for Vineyard: Haven; by-~ Stetson, Cutler ‘& Co., 156,272' plank } sch. Cahary; ‘for Boston, by J: R: Warner & Co., 25,000 lath, 373749" deals,’ 80,925 boards, 160 scantling ¥ sch: Rondo, for Providence; by Miller & Woodman; 400,000 laths, 175,- ‘ooo cedar shingles ; sch. Clifford C.; for Boston, by Stetson; »Cutlet & Co.,’ 29,337 scantling, 8,543 plank; ' 90,000 laths’;* sch. Glenéta, for Bostén, by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 113}921' plank ‘Sch. Sower, for Vine- yard Haven, by Dunn Bros., 151,517 boards; sch Eagle, for City Island, by Stetson, Cutler . & Co.,-217,246 deals ; sch. Adelaide, for Boston, by Dunn Bros., 97,971 boards ; sch. Florida, for. New York, by Mill & Woodmaza, 327,794 deals ; ss Menemsha, for Liverpool, by W. M. Mackay, 1,343,- 309 , deals and battens ,98,860 ends, 755 tons birch timber; sch. Pariee, for New York, by.Randolph & Baker, , 870,000 laths ; sch. Rebecca W, Hudnell, for New York, by Miller & Woodman, 290,069 deals,; sch.,Sallie E. Ludman, for Lynn, by Stetson, Cutler, & .Co., 83,153 pine boards, 123,059 spruce planks, 74,065 scantling ;, sch: Winnie Lowry, for New York, by, Randolph &, Baker, 327,000 laths ;. sch. Pefetts, for Vineyard Haven, By Stetson, Cutler & Co,, 16,242 scantling, 159,948 plank,;. sch., Carlotta, for City Island, by.Stetson, Cutler & Co., 179,139 deals; sch.,L. T. Whitmore, for City Is- land, by Hilyard .Bros., 323,786 deals ; sch. William Wilson,, for Wilmington, Del.,, by D. J. Seely & Son, , 1,550,000 laths ; sch. Ayr, for New York, by Miller & Woodman, 183,657 deals. _A. T. Bliss, of Saginaw, Mich., is re- ported to have sold a large block of lum- ber cut at Ashland, Wis.. . David Whitney, of Detroit, is reported to have sold a large block of lumber on the Whitney & Batchelor docks, at Mel- bourne, to the Eastern Lumber Co., of Tonawanda. Chas. Burrill & Co. are loading the St, John three-masted schooner Beatrice McLean with lumber at Weymouth for Cape Virdi Islands. — er, . aes 2 Rye) ne ee CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDiTION. SPRUCE MARKETS. The determined and vigorous efforts be- ing putforth by the Northeastern Lum- bermen’s Association to regulate the out- put of spruce, and fix the price at which this product shall be sold, are being watched with more than ordinary interest, not only by lumbermen directly interested in spruce, but by intelligent lumbermen everywhere. Some months ago, when spruce men formed this organization, the sceptical doubted whether the end aimed at would be accomplished. But until the past few weeks there was little cause to doubt the general success that had attend- ed its management. A schedule of prices was fixed, and though there have all along been rumblings of some ,break, yet the general belief has been that Associa- tion prices were well maintained. Can this continue? is the question to-day. The demand for spruce has declined, and, as is always. the case on a downward market, dealers are found who prefer cash to stocks and are ready, to sacrifice prices to effect this transformation. This is the difficulty that lumbermen. ofthe east, and those, of the Maritime Provinces, who have joined hands with them, are now fighting ; anda good deal of the trouble.to the Association is coming from New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. , It is currently stated that Nova Scotia spruce, plank and scantling, has been sold within a week or two, in Boston at $10.50 while $12 was an.accepted figure for random cargoes, and,a leading Boston wholesaler is quoted as saying that he would not hesitate to contract for 1,000,- ooo feet. of spruce at 50 cents less than the schedule prices, and guarantee prompt delivery too. Noone can say yet what the final outcome will be. The Associa- tion must be commended for the splendid fight it is making, for it needs courage to organize for the betterment’ of trade and the effort to hold the difterent interests in- volved, not to say anything of combating the opposition that is sure to be met with from outside. Ifthe Association plan of keeping the mills closed can be maintain- ed, it will go a long way to meet the end sought. hy CONDITIONS IN THE EASTERN STATES. _ No transactions of large size can be re ported trom New York, and yet there is an improved feeling intrade. The proba- bilities for the closing six months of the year point to an increase in business, though no one is enthusiastic enough to think that this will represent anything like a boom. Less wood is going into building -than was anticipated earlier in the season, when the volume of permits was given out. Meany of the buildings are of a class where wood does not enter largely into consumption. The belief is entertained, notwithstanding appearances sometimes in an opposite direction, that prices will bold firm during the fall. It is not believed that there is any good rea- son why good lumber should decrease in price. Rather, it ought to command a better figure. With all the complaining that has been current throughout the season, it looks as though July in the Tonawanda district would make a better showing than the corresponding month last year. Firmness is the policy of those who hold good lum- ber, and prices apparently will advance shortly. Box and common are not so firm. © In Buffalo the same trouble is being experienced that we have had occasion to refer to in other localities: Smaller deal- ers and those who are not over strong financially are cutting prices of lumber and this is having an influence upon the larger mills who, though not disposed to cut, are unable to make sales, and the condition is one that militates against an advance in prices. Business has slowed somewhat the past few weeks. Shipments of lumber from Albany for the past week are larger than those ofa week ago, and are fully equal to the cor- responding period of a year past. It is being remarked that increased quantities of lumber are being shipped through this point without rehandling. Lumbermen are commencing to give some thought to the matter of buying, as the opinion is held that trade will be all right in the fall. The hardwood market in Philadelphia is somewhat quieter than has been the case for some two months past, but every confidence is expressed in the future. COOPERAGE, The SutherlandInnes Co., Chatham, Ont., with mills at various points in On- tario, Quebec, Michigan, Indiana, Wis- consin and Ohio, say that cooperage busi- ‘ness for July, all along the line; has shown a very, marked improvement. The ce- mand for apple barrel material. is. very ‘good indeed, much better,than was antici- pated from the gloomy reports which were, issued early in the season. » Most localities have got quite a few apple$,.and'in’some. places the crops are going to be immense, even now a great many of the manufac- turers are turning in to cut apple barrel stock instead of the, ordinary flour, lime and cement stock. The demand for flour barrel stock has also been very good dur- ing the past month, and, from all appear- ances, is going to improve even still more in the fall. This, more especially applies to stock for export to the States and Europe, as Canadian millers have not been running as strong as might have. been expected at this season. However, they have now started running fairly well, and as the new wheat is in some places the farmers are hauling their old wheat to the mills, and mills are enabled to run. The principal reason why mills did not run in this part of Ontario was, owing to the shortage of wheat. Prices have not materially changed, but we are looking for an advance in August. Some of the manufacturers are now asking 25 cents per 1,000 more for strictly No. 1 staves, but this advance is not general. How- ever, on the whole, the prospects are very rosy indeed for manufacturers, much better than they have been for the last eighteen months. EEE RAFTING. The last log was put through the Belle- ville boom a week ago. : The Klocks have a large raft coming down the Ottawa, which is being delayed by low water. The Holland Emery Lumber Co., ex- pect to be able to get down 70,000,000 feet of logs. The Moore Lumber Co.’s drive is hung up about Square lake with the Brownlie Co.’s drive behind it. A gentleman who has recently returned from the Georgian Bay district says, that . embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On lum- it is very dry there, and ‘n some sec- — tions forest fires are prevailing. Two large rafts of logs from the Geor- gian Bay were received last week by Col. A. T. Bliss, of Saginaw. The McArthur Bros. Co., Ltd., say that they have had some difficulty in getting their rafts down the St. Lawrence, owing to low water. Very little rain has as yet favored the Saginaw district, and the streams are re- — ported to be as dry as a bone, with no ‘immediate prospect . of the few logs hung up getting down. ae i The first square timber raft of the sea- son is now passing the Chaudiere. The w lateness is due to the exceedingly low water in the Ottawa. The raft is the pro- perty of Mr. William Mackey, and con- sists of timber of fine quality, principally board pine. ; DRESSED LUMBER CASE. ; The rehearing of the dressed lumber question came before the United States Board of General Appraisers on the 25th inst., consuming two days’ time. A large number of witnesses were heard on each side, and an immense volume of written testimony submitted. Counter briefs will be prepared and submitted of contending counsel, and it is hard to say just how soon a decision will be given. eee = _ SHIPPING MATTERS. , _ Fhe ship Alameda is loading lumber at Moody. ville, B. C., for Sydney, N.S.W. *.. Lumber shipping is brisk in the vicinity of ‘Hillsboro, N. B, | (oS Steamer Sydenham has been chartered to load deals at West Bay for the W. C. England at 33s. There are in St. John, N.B., at the present time several cargoes of lumber for shipment to South America. The American schooner Alice Cook is loading lumber at the Hastings mill, Vancouver, B.C., for California. The Republic is loading at the -same mill for Valparaiso at £258. ~ ‘: y Shipments of lumber from Alpena up to last week are represented by the following figures : 48,521,000 feet of lumber, 4,525,coo shingles, 3,576 pieces lath, 277,0c0 cedar posts and 207,000 cedar posts and 207,000 railway ties. ; LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. LumpeER freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Of any ntended change due notice will be given lumbermen. © General instructions in shipping by Grand T) unk are ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 Ibs. per car, “unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 lbs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it _ be inipracticable to load. certain descriptions of light umber up to 30,000 lbs. to the car, then the actual weight only will be charged for, but not Jess than 24;- _ ‘ooo Ibs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not be higher from an intermediate point on the straight run than from the first named point beyond, to the same des- tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or Hep- worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, would not be higher than the specific rates named from a ton’ to the same -points. The rates from Gargilland Southampton to points east of Listowel and south and west of Stratford will be the same as fr Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to” charged than as per mileage table published on g of tariff. : ; . Rates from leading lumber points on pine and o his oftwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: Fr o -Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points — in group B to Toronto, 634c,; Collingwood, Penetang, — Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeor Bay, Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6¥4c.; Brace, bridge to-Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor- Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 74c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, 9c.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, toc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 64%c. Theserates are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 734c. per 00 Ibs.;_ to Deseronto, 9c.; to Brockville and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, 11c. The © oii , A JULY 31, 1895 CANADA LUMBERMAN. WEEKLY EDITION. y =, IIL, rates on hardwoods average about from rc. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft- woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, 10c ; Al- goma, Cook's Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, 13c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 14%c. per 100 Ibs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 Ibs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way are as follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $r.50 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Quebec, $2.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to Quebec, $2.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, rq cents per roo lbs. Ottawa to New ¥ ork, five carloads or over $3.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to New York, $3.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports 13¢. per too lbs.; Arnprior to Boston, Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; export 15 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents per roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Albany, 10 cents per 100 lbs.; Arprior to Albany, 12 cents per too lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per too Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 100 lbs Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per roo lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the minimum carload charged is to M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 Ibs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to ‘Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men * “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7/4c. per 100 Ibs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. ‘his rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so far as rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there e is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low as on pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7/c. from same points. FOR SALE. OUR CARS 5/4 ROCK ELM, DRY, to TO 14 ft. long, and other hardwoods. J. E. Murrny, Hepworth Station, Ont. D4 @ @ G3 Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGEIN, No 89 State St., Bosron, Mass. Inspection at mill, CANADIAN EXPORTERS «”° WHOLESALERS a % = = ROBBRT THOMSON & GO. | PINE and HARDWOOD LUMBER| —»— | TIMBER - TORONTO OFFICE: London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. DIONOGH & OLIVER °° °° wrseateoaien | mer, Lath ana Shingl6s Ss PLA YHATR & CO. LUMBER ° LATH ° SHINGLES | MIDLAND, ONT. Contractors for Railway Supplies BILL TIMBER a Specialty .. . Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : W are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have 2a a Mane FACTURERS OF s LUMBER LATH ax SHINGLES for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also 16in. Pine Shingles and 4{t. Lath 1 in. wide. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED The Pembroke Lumber Go., Ltd. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. PEMBROKE, ONT. © & Write tis for Quotations on all Bills = @& HARDWOOD a Specialty WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE: 20 Aberdeen Chambers : | sy /; LT / roronro i _ Grso. COE ave ks TLUMBER, LATH »° SHINGLES o- : i “WHITBY, ONTARIO THe Georglan Bay Lumber G0. y= by rail or vessel. WAUBAUSHENE, ONT. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. _| Ottawa LUMDEP OO. crac i e Ganada WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, Ere. Wrrite for Stock List § it Your Wish - - To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A PARTIGULAR LOT OF LUMBER ~ A MILL PROPERTY ‘¢ SEGOND-HAND MACHINERY Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn eo” . + An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ oe For Sale’’’ Department Of thes. 1s, we momen? . CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION _ Will secure for you a Buyer. or Seller, as the case may be. Address, The Canada Lumberman Toronto, Canada. tne —~ FOREIGN EXPORTERS x” IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : 14%, 1%, 2 and 3 ineh BASSWOOD 2 and 2% inch ROCK ELM 3in. SOFT ELM; 2in. SOFT MAPLE Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. = Buffalo, N. VW. z% ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. ; L : s me MULLER .|eoxe -2 e) PINE, and ; “yi eee N CORES REDWOOD. £ HARDYVYOOD Lumber and Logs tor Export ——= ONES Er: a, NO.1 BROADWAY - NBW YORK. D. C. BACON, President. LRNT Fe L U M B E R Co x a SHNUNE GEORGIA LONG LEAT YELOW PI Oe to order for FACTORIES, HOUSES, WHARVES, M. F. AMOROUS, G. M. ° BRIDGES, TRESTLES AND CARS Perce Ci che Kiln Dried Floorings mew j ATLANTA, GEORGIA, U.S.A. ‘a J. ] OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE - - BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA A'TLANTIC RAILWAY. Willi 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO. J.H.Williams/ new york OFFICE, 93 Wall Street. WILLIAMS’ LINE. Agent YouNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS AND MANUFACTURERS “ Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple 54 South Street, NEW YORK. Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. eattaan 45 00| No. ie and 12in. 14 00 cat up, No. 1,1in. 26 00 28 00| 6and8in.......... 13 50 4,to2 in.......-- 32 00 33 00| Common, rin,....... 16 00 No. Ape ak arom iss 16 00 17 00| 1% ane es Wiha tiers 18 oc No. 2,1% tozin.. 22 900 23 00| 2 IM... ..-.++-«. 19 OO NEW YORK CITY. New York, N. Y., July 3s, 1895. WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of sup rendering it useless to give prices for local market. WHITE PINE TIMBER. [= Bridge timber....... $28 00 @ 40 00 | Building orders... ..$26 ou: Decking: 5.- «2s snens 44.00 5000 : ; SPRUCE. eS, 6togin..........--- 13 00 14 00] 10 to 32 I..-.1 000 -e SON 6 to 12 in Beat ate acon 14.50 15 50| Lath -.4.04-5 senna 1 85 QitO 2M, repaint 15 50 15 75! -* BOSTON, MASS. Boston, July 31, ‘ os si PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed = | Hinch..... rE fs boards ‘2 Hee es $11 50 12.00 - g Coarse No. 5..-..- . 15 09+ 16 co RefGses.cis see enes 13 00 rd (ON Bictionge eran: 9 00 _ Sap clear... Boxboards,1 inch... 10 75 11 00| Sap, 2ndc Up terete Teaerganeva sci 975 1000 No. it 2. Snes WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Uppers, 1 in........ $5e 00@52 co| Fine com., 3 and 4 in 43 00 45 00 1%,1% and 2in.. 52 90 53 00| No. 2,1 in. Finecom. 2B 00 30.00 3and 4in...... see. 58.00 6000] 1%, 1% and 2in... Ree) 31 00 Selects, 1 M..-sce0-" 43 00 45 00| No. rstrips, 4 to 6 in. 43 00 1%, 1% and 2 in.. 45 00 47 00/ » No. 2... : oe eee = 5 3and 4 in......... 55 00 57 00| No. 3...-sesevene fe 49 Moulding boards, 7 to Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.... 24 00 32 ’ 1m Im, clear...-.. 35 00 37 0o| Coffin boards........— Ig 00 2000 60 per cent. clear... 32 00 34 00] Common allwidths... 22 00 2600 °~ Fine common, rin.... 40 00 42 0o| Shipping culls, 1 in... 15 00 15 50° 1%,1% and 2in... 4000 41 00| do ‘1% in. 15 50 16 50° SHINGLES. Spritce?: << 2ses esata .. 130 150] Second Clear.......... ge 2:00. > Cedar, extra..... Reva 250 275| Extra No.1........... 100 1 25 Clears 25. sate pee 225 250 ; HEMLOCK. > Boards, rough........ 10 00@1100| No, 2..... set aac ben Sy Cee) SB - PEined nab dees 1150 1200 eA ’ LATH. —* Spraces,.va-1 rae ete | By cargo,,.. To Whom It May Concern: MAGNOLIA MEGAL IN USE BY Bight Leading Governments CORNELL UNIVERSITY, ITHACA, N. Y., August 10, 1895. I would respectfully state that I have used Magnolia Metal with satisfaction for bearings where other metals have given a great deal of trouble. I have employed the metal in erank-pin boxes on the Experimental Engine at Sibley College, and in the bearings of water-wheels which were under consider- able pressure. We have made some tests to determine accurately the friction reducing qualities and durability of this metal. On account of an accident to our machine these tests are not all completed, and a full report cannot be given at the present time. Sufficient has been done, however, to indieate the superior quality in every respect. I may say that I fully believe the metal has most excellent quality in every respect for the purposes and uses claimed. Iam, Sir, truly yours, R. C. CARPENTER, (Professor of Experimental Engineering, Sibley College, Cornell University, Mem. Soc. Mec. Engineers, &c.) Ren ACNMOLIA MHTAL CO. mamubiates LONDON OFFICE: 73 ee VICTORIA STREET HICAGO a ICE: TRADERS’ BUILDING ONTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS 74 Cortlandt St.. NEW YORK “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE “The Motse” — is the only machine in the market that sae will reface Steam Valves in position. im i 2 s M Valve Reseating Outfit. - DARLING, BROTHERS . SOLE MANUFACTURERS . . ‘Reliance Works,” - MONTREAL. ay) AUTOMATIC | INJECTOR... y Lumber Mill Should be in ever PENDERTHY sss, ARE THE BEST CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. PENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. DETROIT, MICH. 85 OOO ‘Engineers have 3 used it, and de- clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. Branch Factory : WINDSOR, ONT. | dohn Bertram & Sons DUNDAS - ONTARIO. Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should write us for prices. Have several we will | dispose of at a bargain. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. CARS PASS: OFFICE | Cc. C. CLEVELAND LEATHER BELTING::::; CBVVVVVVVVSVVVSSVSVSETVAS Teer e. | eo oe For Repairing \) BAND SAWS. Price $1.00 per ounce, in ro ounce lots. P. W. ELLIS & CO., 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. ¢ MANUFACTURING JEWELERS, MANUFACTURERS OF ano LACE LEATHER | WPamwi lie; Que. | Vesa al A ade CLTVVVVTVVTVVVVVTVSTVSVSVVAS === =F = =/-A5) BURNS SAW G0.-0>~TOrOmtO — MANUFACTURERS OF =——= Circular and Long Saws > SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY > ~ ” Ue to London, 10,845 deals; Siberian, to Glas- gow, 16,718 deals. Exports of lumber from St. John, N. B., for the past week include 5,350,000 feet long lumber, 624,000 lath, 1,669,000 shingles, 200 cords of wood, 13,500 clap- boards, and 50,000 pickits to United States markets ; and 2,565,000 feet of long jumber to the United Kingdom. Lumber shipments from St. John, N, B., for the week include: Per sch. Glenora, for Salem, by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 3,- 995 boards, 109,686 plank; sch. Greta, for New York, by S. T. King & Sons, 159,932 deals, 28,328 plank: sch. Beaver, for New York, by Randolph & Baker, 1,- 380,000 laths; str. Inchlonga, for Liver- pool, by W. M. Mackay. 1,449,516 deals and battens, 92,628 scantling, 102,825 ends, 875 tons birch timber ; sch. Saxon, for City Island, by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 12,006 deals : bgt. Carrick, for Drogheda, by W. M. Mackay, 319,084 deals and battens, 7,662 ends; per sch. Thistle, for New York, by Miller & Woodman, 186,- 852 deals; sch. Atwood, for Providence, by Dunn Bros. & Co., 131,156 scantling ; ss Damara, for London, Jarvis Wilson, 177 pieces birch timber, 1oo loads 845 pieces spruce deals, 22,482 feet ; ss Macduff, for Glasgow, by W. M. Mackay, 1,877,171 deals and battens, 1,605 scant- ling, 110,777 ends ; sch. Canary, for Vine- yard Haven, S. T. King & Sons, 700,000 laths ; sch. Marguerite, for Boston, by A. Cushing & Co., 74,091 scantling ; sch. Comrade, for Rockland, by Master, 100 - cords wood ; sch. Modoc, for New York, by L. M. Jewett, 132,794 deals, 409,300 laths. UNITED STATES, Shipments of lumber so far this season from Alpena, Mich., are 62,049,000 feet of lumber, 4,765,000 shingles, 3,976,000 lath, 631,500 pieces of cedar. Log run at Michigan is held at $14 and $18. Box lumber is being held at $10 to $10.50, though sales, it is said, have been made at from $9 to $9.50. Norway is nominal at $8 and hemlock $7.50, but nobody wants it. Z COOPERAGE CONDITIONS. The Sutherland-Innes Co., Chatham, Ont., in its circular letter for August, has thistosay of thecooperagesituation: “Since our July report, the state of the coopering trade has shown a great improvement, and prospects for fall trade are very en- couraging. Fiour barrel stock has been in good demand all over the country, and fine grades are being picked up by the large barrel manufacturers for fail and winter trade. Prices are firm and there has been no cutting done by first-class manufacturers. We make a specialty of turning out an extra quality of flour barrel staves for machine work, jointing in such a way that they will not buckle in the tresser. We also joint staves, specially for hand barrels, and supply kiln dried staves when parties who have no kilns themselves desire them. Salt barrel stock was not used so largely last month as it was previously, and prices are very low. ‘Manufacturers who make an extra good grade of No. 2 staves cannot sell at pres- ent prices without loss, and if they want to sell for salt trade, will have to reduce quality to meet prices; otherwise not cater for this trade at all. Hoops are not so bad, but prices are still too low; owing 3 ag ‘+! to parties offering off-grade sugar barrel hoops at low figures, which will not allow manufacturers of first-class hoops to com- pete for the business. Heading is also low. White ash staves are now nearly all cleaned up, manufacturers of choice stock having very little left. Prices are firm, and, in fact, very few makers are offering stock at all, but holding what they have to fill contracts made earlier in the season. The.cement trade has only been fairly active, but prices are being maintained, most of the mills having con- tracted for all the stock they will turn out this season. Few, if any, cement staves will be carried over into next year. Lime barrel stock has been in very good de- mand, especially basswood and cotton- wood staves, while some lime burners are using No. 2 stock. We put up special No. 2 staves for this trade at a slight ad- vance over the ordinary No. 2, and they are meeting with great favor. Heading and hoops for this purpose are in good demand at fair prices. Apple barrel stock is now moving freely, and while, in some parts, the crop isa failure, in others it 1s immense, and mere stock will be used this fall than for the last two years. Prices are as yet very low, but we look for an advance by Sept. 1. Prices for apple barrel hoops and heading are, in some cases, lower. The truck and pack- ing barrel trade has hardly been as good this season as usual, the only industry that has been very busy being the glass blowers. Prices are normal, according to kind of stock required. The cranberry barrel season is only commencing, but some large orders have already been placed. Nail keg stock has been in exceptionally good demand, and prices all along the line. The stock is now very scarce, and good prices are ruling. At present, there exists a strong feeling among many manufacturers that, on ac- count of the extra expense and care this season’s market demands of them, in the finish and quality of their output, they should be entitled to an increase of price ; and a very strong opinion prevails among the trade that the only 1emedy to bring around a fair and legitimate valuation is a curtailment by large and small manu- facturers of the output of their mills in all branches of the slack cooperage trade. In the tight cooperage trade, the demand for thoroughly. seasoned stock has been quite active, but the actual supply on hand, as usual, has been very limited. In fact, it has been almost an impossi- bility to secure fairly seasoned stock, and, consequently, purchasers have been hold- ing off. THE CAMPS. Lumbermen have commenced opera- tions on the head waters of the Tobique, N. B., for next year. William Mackay, of Ottawa, has sent large gangs of men to the woods to cut square timber. Wages are expected to rule about the same as last year. Nat Warner, of Saginaw, has taken a contract to get out about 60,000 cubic feet of rock elm near Penwater, inthat State, for McArthur Bros. & Co., of Toronto. The work of cutting will begin next month. : Lumber operators in New Brunswick are commencing to make contracts for next winter. Cunliffe Bros., C. H. Dickie and J. A. Laliberte, of Port Kent, A. E. ~ CANADA LUMBERMAN- KLY Hammond, of Van Buran, and Thos. Clair have already made their arrange- ments. Their cut on the Upper St. John will probably aggregate 40,000,000. Loveland, Roys & White, the Michigan syndicate, who purchased a tract of timber in the Georgian Bay district some months ago, have a crew of men cutting waney pine. They expect to get out 200,- 000 cubic feet for the foreign market. The Central Lumber Co., Michigan, who have large timber interests on the Blind River, Ont., are about starting two camps at work. The calculation is to put in from 10,000,000 to 15,000,000 feet of logs, which are to be rafted to Saginaw next season. EASTERN STATES CONDITIONS. No large quantities of lumber are going out from Albany, N. Y.; at the same time there is a very fair enquiry. The call from New York is improving for all kinds of stock. The timber trade is commenc- ing to feel the benefit of the large amount of building going on in that city. Dealers very confidently assert that prices for pine, spruce and hemleck in this market will increase in the fall. The movement of lumber in Buffalo the past few weeks shows an improvement and enquiries are running into good size. A Buffalo dealer, who has returned from New York, says that box lumber has got down as low as $11.75 delivered. Trade is not looking up very much at Tonawanda. Shingles and laths are mov- ing fairly well. Box and common are steady. Dressing, star clear, and builders’ stock is holding its own at firm quotations. Complaint stillLcomes from New York, that trade is somewhat quiet. Eastern spruce is the hardest line to keep track of; it seems subject to many changes. Prices, it is said, haye dropped as low as $11. SPRUCE VALUES. E. J. Swan, of New York, who was one of a syndicate that acquired recently large tracts of spruce lands in Quebec, has been endeavoring to interest other Ameri- can capitalists in the venture. His claim is that the syndicate have possession of 350,000 acres of heavily timbered land. He thinks the pulp industry is something very bright in outlook, and believes for- tunes can be made out of Canadian spruce. The claim is that this spruce makes the finest pulp, and by a process recently de- veloped in Germany, silk from spruce’ pulp wood can be made, which only an expert can distinguish from the genuine article. The syndicate say they are going to build a $1,000,000 plant in Montreal to make this silk pulp. Another story is that some one recently bought the pulp wood on 100,000 acres in Quebec, paying therefor to the farmers who owned it $1 an acre, and sold out within 90 days for $8 an acre, clearing upa nice profit of $700,000. ENGLISH OPINION OF QUEBEC TRADE. The Timber News, of Liverpool, Eng., says: On looking all round at the Que- bec trade, there are some who affect to - know something of the true position. We have during the week made a special set at one or two of our leading pine and spruce operators, and from what we can learn it would appear that, contrary to prophecy, first pine stocks of fair dryness and good quality must now hold their own, if an advance in price does not even occur. The impression here is that even and Prescott, 1oc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, irc. The : by oe re at Liverpool and Glasgow prices vance for this article. As to thirds and fourths, a good tone pre more especially in the 4th pine marl The London spruce business is still in a most unsatisfactory position, and it is dif- ficult to see when it will again raise its head to that place that it held, say, two years ago. We hear of ts. 3d. per Ptg. std. profit transactions in the Liverpool trade, but it would appear from informa-. tion to hand that London hardly comes second in this respect. One feature notice- able in the Canadian hardwood London market is the number of parcels of birch planks that are offered by agents c c.i.f. basis, but, as a rule, never reach don. The inference to be drawn ft this is, that better prices prevail at points than the London market will a BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHANG Prescott & Co., well-known New Brun lumbermen, are about to erect a steam m: cut shingles and deals on River Benjamin, tigouche County. a ae The St. John Lumber firm of A. Cushin Co. is to be dissolved. George Cus! build a mill on the site of the one destr fire last spring. A. Cushing will re the Aroostock, Maine. pal ware. R. Matthews, Thos. Wasson fred Brown, all of Toronto, are | directors. } ; eels The matter of the winding up Lawrence Lumber Co., of Bathurst,. N. which the late Senator Burns was mana was before the courts a few days ago on lication of some Quebec creditors to have sales by them declared preference sales. goods were attached at first, the claiming that by the Quebec law they the vendors again as soon as there was no pa’ ment. It seems then the goods were allowed to go to the liquidators, it being understood — that they then became a sale to the liquidators. _ Mr. Fitzpatrick, of Quebec, presented the case for the creditors. Judgment was reserved. so . 49 < SHIPPING MATTERS. mal te Bark Rothiemay has been chartered to load lumber at Saguenay for Buenos Ayres at Ship Fred E. Scammell will load deals Musquash, N. B., for West Coast England 378s. 6d. ie A i 4 Barque Olive Mount, now in England, been chartered to load lumber at St. John, B., for Buenos Ayres, at $7. Seis The St. Anthony Lumber Co.’s cut, has been purchased by the Export Lum’ will be shipped to the United St over the Ottawa, Arnprior and Pa and Canada Atlantic Railways, The Norwegianship, Prince Amadeo, s to be destined to Halifax, N. S., wii of British Columbia cedar and Oregon has been reported out ito port near 7 with fever on board, a number of being already dead with the complai: 44 LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumber freight rates for pine on the Grand r Railway have been made a fixture, as below. O as f i) ci “asks bei will age | eneral instructions in shipping by Grand embodied in these words in the tariff obese aha ioe 900 case the marked capacity (but not 1 will be charged, and must not be exe: be impracticable to load certain descrip umber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, then weight only will be charged for, but not less t ooo Ibs. The rates on lumber in the tariff wil higher from an intermediate point on the str: than from the first named point beyond, to thesam tination. For instance, the rates from worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toro not be higher than the specific rates named fi ton to the same points. The rates from Southampton to points east of Listowe’ and west of Stratford will be the sam Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates charged than as per mileage table published on bridgeto Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Na Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Fal riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South Powassen and Callender to Toronto, gc.; Nip Junction and North Bay, roc. Rate from Goderich Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%4c. These rates are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Bellevill are 714c. per 100 lbs.;_to Deseronto, gc.; to Brockville | GININE Git rates on hardwoods average about from rc, to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft- woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, ioc ; Al- ‘oma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- -h to Toronto, 13c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 14%c. per 1oo lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 lIbs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way are as follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per roo Ibs ; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to From. bo parts } CANAD Montreal, $r.50 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Quebec, $2.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to Quebec, $2.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents er 100 Ibs. Ottawa to New dork, five carloads or over Las per M ft.; Arnprior to New York, $3.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local rs cents ; exports 13c. per 100 Ibs.; Arnprior to Boston, Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; export 15 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents pes roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Albany, ro cents per 109 Ibs.; Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 100 Ibs Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per too lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the mi-imum carload charged is ro M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 lbs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. i *. gaits ie fin Bh a A LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7}4c. per roo lbs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pin-.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there III, is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low as on pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7c. from same points. FOR SALE. OUR CARS 5/4 ROCK ELM, DRY, to TO 14 ft. long, and other hardwoods. - J. E. Murpuy, Hepworth Station, Ont. BW Ds Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN, No 8g State St., Boston, Mass, Inspection at mill. CANADIAN EXPORTERS «” WHOLESALERS ROBERT THOMSON & GO. ...»MANUFACTURERS OF.... ‘LUMBER | PINE and HARDWOOD — AND — TORONTO OFFICE: TIMBER | London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. DonoGH & OLIVER °°» worateoaienis | MDP, Lath ana Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. es JAS. PLAYFEFAITIR & CO. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER * LATH * SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies BILL TIMBER a Specialty .. .- we MIDLAND, ONT. Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. M HUNTSVILLE, ONT. ib igs Saeed E to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have are open : LUMBER W for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also -—— {a 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 1% in. wide. LATH ax SHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED The Pembroke Lumber Go., Ltd. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. SS @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills = PEMBROKE, ONT. WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE : 20 Aberdeen Chambers 1g8 5; HARDWOOD a Specialty TORONTO eo, Cormack Wholesale Dealer in all kinds of G Bills cut to order. Lumber shipped to all parts @ by rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. | | LUMBER, LATH SHINGLES WELLE Dy, On A hr LoS MANUFACTURERS OF. Tie Georgian Bay Lumber Go. LUMBBR . AND . LATH Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn e WAUBAUSHENE, ONT. Ottawa LUmDér 60. WHOLESALE LUMBER, Ottawa Ganada LATH, SHINCLES, ETE. W7rite for Stock List § It YOUP Wish - - To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A PARTIGULAR LOT OF LUMBER A MILL PROPERTY SEGOND-HAND MAGHINERY An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ a ~ For Sale’’ Department 0 Cid orks CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION Will secure for you a Buyer or Seller, as the case may be. Address, The Canada Lumberman Toronto, Canada. erecta Qtr — FOREIGN EXPORTERS x? IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : ::: «( 14%, 1%, 2 and 3 ineh BASSWOOD 2 and 2% ineh ROCK ELM 3in. SOFT ELM; 2in. SOFT MAPLE }>. Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. — Buffalo, N. VY. ; ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. fs, MULLER Pore aArk, S Poe NE, and MAPLE FLOORING, N.C. PINE, Orn ic. o “CYPRESS Lumber and Logs tor Export —————_ NO. | BROADWAY D. C. BACON, President. al a. 0.0 REDWOOD. MANUFACTURERS OF THE LING L e HARDYZOOD LUMBER - NBW YORK. M. F. AMOROUS, G. M. e W PIN BRIDGES, TRESTLES AND CARS .......-. Be to order for FACTORIES, HOUSES, WHARVES, Kiln Dried Floorings sem ATLANTA, GEORGIA, U.S.A. OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE GANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL - BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO. WILLIAMS’ LINE. NEW YORK OFFICE, 93 Wall Street. Telephone 531 Broad. see Williams{ 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. Agent YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS AND MANUFACTURERS Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. -i- 54 South Street, NEW YORK. SCATCHERD & SON 105 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N.Y... -— WANT —: ROCK BTW COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.—— 4b——7, 8, 14 and 16 feet, firsts and seconds. ONE DOLLAR Wvill pay your subscription to the weekly and monthly CanwaDa LuMBERMAN for ONE YEAR DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman.”’ BELTING ae. McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. ta Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. me, Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. DRY KILNS McEachren, J. D., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Woodstock, Ont. Williams, A. R., Toronto. «LOG: ~ TRUCKS “ie Bain Bros. Mfg. Co., Brantford, Ont. 8 The Chatham Mfg. Company, Chatham, Ont. ___ LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES ie Davidson & Hay, Toronto “a Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. MACHINERY — a Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. ba: Darling Bros., Montreal. Drake, F. J., Belleville, Ont. A Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que., < Payette, J. E. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. > Small & Fisher Co., Woodstock, N. B. ‘ oe The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. ay; The Waterous Co., Brantford. eee Williams, A. R., Toronto. SAW MANUFACTURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. i, Be pene Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. 4 WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS r Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Buffalo, N. Y. —— Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. a. Elias & Bro., G., Buffalo N. Y. “f Haines & Company, Buffalo, N. Y. a” 5 Maitland, Rixon & Co., Owen Sound, Ont. “3 Reid Co. of Toronto, The MISCELLANEOUS ¥ Boiler Improvement, Peterboro’ Steam Boiler Co., Peterboro’. “a Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Unt. 3 Canada Atlantic Railway. Can. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. ; Dominion Leather Board Co., Montreal. ; 3 Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. tr Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. ah Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad, a < Emery Wheels, Tanite Co., Stroudsburgh, Pa, ee Wlinois Central Railroad Co., Chicago, Ill. 4 Lumber Truck Wheels, Montreal Car Wheel Co. aoe Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. om Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Fr Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. fo Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. ai Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. Business Wisdom: “Throughout every part of my career I have felt pinched and hampered by my own ——s ¢gnorance.”—Sir Walter Scott. The Price Lists that here follow will be revised each week up to the hour of going to press, and in connection with these we would draw attention to the week's trade review under the heading of ‘‘Current Trade Conditions” on the first page, immediately followed with matter marked “Stocks and Prices,” which presents the lumber situation of the week, together with a record of the week's sales and transactions. 4 PRIGBS CURRENT. “iy TORONTO, ONT. ‘ Toronto, Aug. 28, 1895. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. "x 1x-qin. cut up and better.........2---.e00eeeseeseneeees “s rxi1o and 12 dressing and better E ~ exr0 and) 12 mill run... 2.0... . cee cece eee ee voce cerercre MALO AUC 12 COUMNON.....00 020 esses cee cere seen certccesees uxro and 12 spruce culls............-2 se esse cence eset e eens xxro and 12 mill culls...... Pagricbielea AUG PICKS. 5)... 6.7 sajna elaine blsjn > ee eainisin nin scien z inch dressing and better.........-.+2-+--eceeeeeeeee cece 20 00 22 00 zinch siding mill run.........----0+--eeeeeev ener e eee ees 14 00 15 00 x inch siding common........... Shnotce cen oceur depeapace I2 00 13 00 Finch siding ship culle..--........ 20. ceseeneescnseeseres II 00 1200 x inch siding mill culls........-+.-++s00eeeeeeeeeeeee teens 9 00 10 00 Cullscantling.......--+--+++-2++5- se, B00, 49/00 x 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank.............. ... 24.00 26 00 z inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run............ seesse+seees 14 00 15 00 inch strips, COMMON........- 6606s eres ee reece eee ee eens I2 00 13 00 x 1-4 inch flooring....--.....++.20- cesses eee e eee eeeee eres 16 00 sedges ard CHAI OLAI Es ox ans oie 0 cn minimisinlavece’a)aynisieysss\ecaipieisisie\sinisinia'= 16 00 MM shingles, 16 inch..........-.esseeeeeceee senses sees 2 30 XX shingles 16inch.........-6-- eee e eee e eee e eee ee ee ee I 40 BEN iathy ONG, T.- + eee neee ee inne eens eee eee snienneicate sans 2 00 Lath No. 2.....c2cee eee eeent tence cere eee reese reese es 180 1x 85 HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 to2 in. .$26 00 $28 oo | Cherry x ‘* 1% 5000 6000 as “ 2% to 4.. 30 00 32 00 BE 2 “4., 6000 65 00 Ash, black, ists an Elm, soft x1 to 14%$14 00 $15 00 ands, 1 to 134 in.... 21 00 23 00 aly 2° 64.0, 25°00! 9261100 Ash, black, xsts and “rock 1 ‘' 1% 16 00 18 00 ands, 2to4in...... 23 00 25 00 ka kane 2 1% ‘‘ 3.. 2000 2200 Ash, M.R.,2 ‘ 1% 18 00 2000] Hickory 1% ‘ 2., 28 00 30 00 se ue ‘ 4.. 2000 24 00} Maple rt ‘*' 14% 1600 18 00 Birch, 2 ‘* 1% 2400 2600] zateee 18 00 20 00 « 4.. 26.00 29.00 Oak,red, nz ‘1% 28 00 3000 ’ « sqrs. 4x4 ‘‘ 8x8 28 00 32 00 w 2 ‘ 4.. 3000 3200 Basswood 1 “ 1% 1600 18 00 white ‘1 ‘1% 2800 3000 ss 1%'*2.. 19.00 1900) “ “ “2 “4. 3000 3500 “ mr. 1 1% 1400 1600] ‘quartd1 “2.. 4800 5200 Butternut 1 ‘ 134 2300 25 00] Walnut -1 ‘‘ 3.. 85 00 10000 ee 2 ‘*3.. 25 00 28 00/ Whitewood1 ‘‘2.. 32.00 3600 Chestnut 1 ‘‘: 7200 25 00 CAN - a ~ + ADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, Aug. 28, 1895. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b.m.....-++--+eesr esses +. .$30 00 Pine, good strips, ss Be Te A deo ke een pene eas ¥ Pine, good shorts, “‘ ss FO clibnatt oats cane tere Pine, No. x dressing sidings, per M feet, b.m. Bineye strips, a we i Pine, “ “ shorts, “ “ “c Pine, 10 s.c. and better stock, “* Ue eS Pine, 3] s.c. “ ee oe “ “ “ Pine, “sidings c i a Pine, ee strips “ “ “e Pine «shorts 3 4 se Pine, box culls Pine mill culls Lath per M....,:-.cscassensceweseconsrmecsernrscnrerris QUEBEC, QUE. Quesec, Aug. 28, 1895. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. ‘cts. cts. For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., For superior “ “ « “32 40 In shipping order “ “ “ “ “ 36 42 Waney board, 18 to 19 inch a “ “ ‘ Teer plea Waney board, 19 to 21 inch = 56 “ “ « 38 45 : RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. ° Measured off, according to average and quality......-.-.-++++++ ia 22 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “ ae OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according to average and quality... 2 «» = %«*= 40) 49 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 tosofeet. . 30 32 Y se "30 to 35 feet. . 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . .22 30 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . * . «2% 23 TAMARAC. Square, according to size and quality. . - . + + + + + +%7 19 Flatted, te ~ ie Ge fal 2 ayy LB : STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp’cfct'n—nominal . $330 $350 W. O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality. . . . 90 100 DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $rr5 to $123 for ust, $78 to $82 for end, and $40 to $43 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 $43 for rst, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $21 for 4th quality. F.O B, batteau. SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., Aug. 28, 1895. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, x in., 10 in. and up Selects, zin., 8in. and up wide $38 00 WIE a dmiclelole jotee ee eetees 45 0c 1%, 1% and2in.........-. 4° 00 14%, 1%and 2 in..........- 45 00| 2) and 3 im.......-...+.+- 45 00 2 and 3iN........++eeeee BO 00} 4 IMs sseeveere cone eescerne 50 00 Vien one peice! eo Lac 55 90 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in..and up wide...... 33 50 | 244 and 3in., Sin. and up wide 40 00 14%, 14% and 2in.........+.- 35°00) || Qld shaw nae ce he ae olen ie 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO, I CUTTING. rin., 7in. and up wide...... 25 00 2¥ and 3in., 7in. and up wide 35 00 14%,1% andzin.........-.. OTOO || ules ale) ae/sinle/e ie esiabeis erm sie oie 38 00 STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 1% in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00] 1in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 6 in, Wide... ..0e+sserrneraee 36 09 | 6 in. wide........cereeeeeees 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. 1 in., 4, 5, 6 in. WAGE. = eee 30 oo | rin., 6 in. wide............ 30 00 Tinh, 4, Silly WIE.” «nln alata 28 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 1{in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... ...- 24 00| 1 in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide........ 23 00 NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. rin., 4,5 and 7 in .......-.- 17 00|1in., 4,5 and 7 in.........+. 17 00 DWN; OU eee w)s,-'-i inisiel nent 18 00] Tim., O10......6 ceeeseseree 18 00 NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. rin., 4,5 and 7 in a eee 14 00| 24% im, 4tO Nye- sees e sees I4 00 Pate daht Mey Aeon) Sane SACO 14 50| No. 3 fencing, x in., 6in..... 13 00 SHELVING. No. x, 1 in,, ro in. stocks.... 25 00 No. 2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 1in., roin. and up wide... 26 00 1in., roin, stocks......... 21 00 zin., 12 in, stocks...,....- 29 oo] xin., 12 in, stocks......... 24 00 1 in., 12 in. and up wide... 30 00 1 in., 10 in. and up wide... 22 00 iin. 1% and 2in., 8in. and 1in., 13 in, and up wide... 25 00 UP Wide ....02eccneccee 29 00 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS. No. 1, 12 in... ...seee sees eee 20 00 | No. 2,9 in......-. eeesseeee 14 00 TOI. ...ee cece etree ee ees 17 50 8 and 7 in 14 00 QIN... e eee cree erences 17 50 | No. 3, 12 in 13 00 Band 7 im.....-.-+eeee eres 17 50 TO IM....+.+--2 2s + 12 00 No. 2, 12iN.....020++eee sees 16.00] . QIN... 62. see es ecwsveennam I2 00 roth 7 RIC eae a 14 00 BaNat nanaieos ees eee eee 12 00 “SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. rin., 4 and 5 in, wide ....... $x0 00 | 1 in., 13 in. and up wide..... $12 00 1 in., 6 in, wide.........+.-+ 11 00} 14, 1% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1 in., 7 in. wide and up...... IT 00 UP WAGE. hens ocean «ns I2 00 SHAKY CLEAR. « rin., 3, 4,5, 7,8 and gin. wide 17 00| 1 in., 10 in. and up wide..... 17 00 Tin., Gin. Wide... . 0.2 sea 17 00 | 14%, 1% and 2 in., 8in. and up WAGE sine iaidtnld alaeloro:a10 alsiatesar 17 00 COFFIN BOARDS. No. x, 1 in., r3in. and up.... 20 00 | No. 1, millculls............. g 00 IN Oi 2s satiaee em eben means ++. 17.00 | No. 2, or red horse......5.5- 7 00 BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED. Extra clear (perfect).......-. 23,001) NOx2s.c5.0 scm a» saintetemic aroie Ig 00 No. 1 (nearly clear). ...-.-.- cargetctehy |i bees tar AGuso- 1a hoa ose o2s< TG) 00 TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to r6ft.$ 8 50 | Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, 12 to TOs dton wa ce ete esa OO: MO FEEL 3... 15:2 slvpeiessitareis aoe 8 00 BO §Es5 i aia nic cin Wmale = sieteredes Mr SO) | Oks, op ces eee eee 8 50 22 and 24 ft...) canes ns Fav T2150 Add $x to each additional 2ft. in length. p SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 20 | Standard brands. river made, Clear Butts..s.2% cee ners 2 00 KOREN ct eaten canis 2 85 Clear Butts......... plana bre mae WHITE PINE LATH. INGsitsntiny Sarno ae lana sta 775 | Ben ale ico eine te +a See aoe aS - Hemlock, Wr snsecbiee Bertier od “Selected .c-gh caus ee can 5 = WHITE PINE. } Up'rs, 1,14, 1% and 2 No. 3, 1% tozin... 16 00 gs i ‘ , Mists comers oie ..$47 00 50 00] Shelving, No. 1, 13 in + 2% and 3 in......- 50 00 53 00 and up, in,.4-.. ii Brann trea) ya 54 00 56 00| Dressing, 1% in...... 25 90 » Selects, sim << seta 38 00 39 00] 1 are dase ee : 14% to2iN......+. 4000 4200| 11% iM........++.+- 24 00 2% and 3 in....... 47 00 5000| 2 iM..........,.-. 26 50 Pig eneeeeeeer noon 52 00| Mold st’ps, 1 to 2in.. 33 00 Fine common, 1 in... 35 00 37 00| Barn, No. 1, roand 12 1&% and 1% i 38 00 ct eo Danaea Eee 2 in 6and 8 in......... 20 50 3.in fe 2, i izin. 16 50 4 im 5 00 o. 3, toand 12in. 14 08 Cut’g up, No. 1, 1 in. 26 00 38 oo| 6and8in........ ae ee 50 15 1% to2 in......... 32 00 33 00| Common, rin,....... 16 00 18 « No; 2590) Mien eeeeat 16 00 17 00 1% andi%in...... 18 30 No. 2,1% to2in.. 22 00 2300] 2 in... . .. 250 275) Extra No. x, Cleat oie tates eee 225 250 “ HEMLOCK. : 10 00@II 00 On ev eaaees ane tenes 1rsg0 1205 7 SUGAR. Granulated seed I, Appl ranulgted ...... 66. see eee 4 Extra bright refined......-. 4 1% oe, Bright Yellowisn see..052- 3% 4_ | Beans, 2. Medium Yellow.........-. «-- 3% | Corn, Dark Yellow Raw gcc ce ee fate. ote SYRUPS AND MOLASSES. Per gallon bbls. ¥4 bbls. SYRUPS. Brights 1s sonicte< ice aang Very Bright......... Js Redpath’s Honey ig «« “2 gal pails v “3 gal pails MOLASSES. s EF Per gal. Trinadad, in puncheons.. 0 32 0 35 oO bbls . 036 037 + tensa ays O40 0.40 b New Orleans, in bbis..... 0 30 0 32 Porto Rico, hdds ........ 938 o40 rrels ...... 042 044. eS \ barrels.... 2 44 0 46 | RICE, EFC. Rice, Aracan........ “es Patna, ~« Japan oe «« Imperial Secta .. “Extra Burmah 2 Java Extra, Grand Duke sees. ans < > 6% DAE Olr ais ereiwrat gL 9) le tee ori Pua 4 White Beans, per bushel... .. 175 FRUITS. FOREIGN. c. per lb. e Currants, Provincial, bbls... 3% 4 “ Evay a ai ¥% bbls 3% 4% ne Viliatras, bbls... 4 4% “ ce % TOBACCO AND S4% 44}. yes. Currants, Patras, bbls..... 5 5% | British Consols, 4’ ‘Twin | a oe 5% 534 Bar, /8's; cole~ Seed ee “ cases.... 5 6% | Ingots, rough and read: “* Vostizzas, cases.. 6% 7% | Laurel, 3’s...- "1 cases 634 734 | Brier, 7 ee «5-crown Excelsior Index 7is.n eee Peek. es (GASES) in ca: odie 8 814] Honeysuckle, 8’s ...... J “ “¥ case... 8% 834 | Napoleon, 8's.. Dates, Persian, boxes...... 4% 5 Victoria, 12's. Figs, Elemes, rolb. boxes.. 10 12 Brunette, 12’s * “g-crown..... Had 16 18 | Prince of Wales, dd P‘ Natural Figs, 28lb bxs ... ... fd «« “in golb. box: runes, Bosnia, casks. Bright Smoking Plug Myrtle, T Ke Ste xGASES.. 53 Rc IB. 4's: Whe ae ova bob So oa Beare Tuily,, PS saensth tate oe ba: od ‘Anchor GC,ibagse. ger wks “ “ BE. °% G&J cases ... Raisins, Valencia, off-stalk. 4% * 6 es ru SEPTEMBER, 1895 SHAFTING, PULLEYS, ETC. | Tig designing a mill or manufacturing plant, says C. R. Tompkins, M. E., ene of the most important features, aside from the atrangement for good and sufficient power, is the line of shafting and the necessary pulleys for the purpose of transmitting the power to the several machines to be used. Now, it is just as important that good judgment be manifested in this part of the plant as in any other. The fact is that much needless expense is often caused in the first instance, besides 4 continual loss of power in the second, by an injudicious selection of the shafting. A line of shafting unnecessarily heavy, with pulleys and couplings to match, not only involves a greater ex- pense in the first place, whether it is purchased by the pound or foot, but the extra amount of friction on the journals caused by that weight is a factor that should also be taken into consideration. It is a well-known fact that the frictional resistance with all bodies in slid- ing contact is in direct proportion to the weight pressing them together, so that the weight of a line of shafting with heavy pulleys, no matter what the speed may be, will exert a constant frictional resistance in proportion to the weight. While there can be no question as to the economy in all cases of using a lighter shaft at greater speed than was formerly the case, still it is not advisable under any condition to go to extremes in either case, for the reason that, with a little forethought and calculation in the first instance, we may avoid either. As a tule, in all modern mills and factories, the tend- ency has been toward lighter shafting and pulleys of small diameter, with a corresponding higher speed, and there is no question but much more satisfactory results have been obtained. The shortest and most reliable rule that has been found to obtain the torsional strength of all sizes of shafting, is to multiply the cube of the diameter by 600, and this product by the number of revolutions per minute, and divide by 33,000 for the horse-power. The ultimate torsional strength of a shaft is not the power required to twist it off, but a power not quite sufficient to give it a permanent set. Now, according to this rule, which has been verified in many cases, a shaft 3 inches in diameter at 200 revo- lutions per minute should not be required to safely trans- mit the 32 horse-power, while by the same rule a shaft of 2 inches diameter of the same quality of iron running at 300 revolutions will safely transmit 43 horse-power. Now, all other things being equal, it is evident that where not over 35 horse-power is required, a 2-inch shaft at 300 revolutions per minute is the most economical. For ex- ample, the weight of a line of 3-inch shafting 40 ft. long, without couplings and pulleys, is 955 pounds, while a 2 inch shaft of the same length weighs 424 pounds, a dif- ference in weight of 531 pounds. Now, the frictional resistance, as before stated, is in proportion to the weight, and without any lubrication is estimated that it amounts to 25 per cent., but with a good lubrication this may be reduced, according to the best authorities, to 8 per cent. Now, taking 8 per cent. as the average, we find that with a 3-inch shaft we have a constant frictional resist- ance of 76.40 pounds to contend with, while on the con- trary, the frictional resistance upon a 2-inch shaft amounts to but 34 pounds. Here an important question arises which has been frequently discussed, and that is whether the speed has anything to do with the frictional resistance. ~ One authority says that “with hard substances and within the limits of abrasion, friction is as the pressure, without regard to surface, time or velocity.” In another place the same author states as follows: “A regular velocity has no considerable influence on friction ; if the velocity is increased the friction is greater, but this de- pends on the secondary or incidental causes as the gener- ation of heat and the resistance of the air.” Now, without entering into a full discussion of this question, if we take the question of speed into consider- ation, the argument is still in favor of the lighter shaft. We found the frictional resistance in the 3-inch shaft _ without taking the speed into consideration to be 76.40 pounds. Now, if we multiply this by the speed, as some contend it should be, we have a total resistance of 15,280 pounds per minute to overcome, while with the 2-inch shaft by the same proposition we have 10,200 pounds per THE CANADA LUMBERMAN rt minute to overcome, showing a difference in frictional resistance in favor of the 2-inch shaft of 5,080 pounds per minute. Now, as to the question of pulleys. In order to obtain say 900 revolutions from a pulley driven from a 3-inch shaft at 200 revolutions per minute, it will require a pulley 36 inches in diameter, while the same power and speed may be obtained from the 2-inch shaft at 300 revolutions from a pulley 24 inches in diameter. Now, in the foregoing argument in favor of lighter shafting and higher speed, the torsional strength of the shaft has only been taken into consideration, and while the torsional strength of a shaft ofa certain diameter may be amply sufficient to transmit the required power with perfect safety, still the lateral strength must also be considered. A shaft, no matter what the size may be, in order to fulfill all the conditions of practical use, must possess sufficient lateral strength to stand the pull of the belts, together with the sudden shocks which may be sustained when heavy machines are started suddenly, and for this reason, under peculiar conditions, it may be advisable to use a shaft a trifle larger than the rule calls for.’ But under ordinary conditions, if the distance be- tween the boxes or hangers is in proportion to the size of the shaft, it will not be found necessary to vary much from the foregoing rule. One of the most common faults in erecting a line of shafting is in too great a distance between the bearings, and it is often the case that a shaft abundantly heavy is rendered ineffective from this cause, and when a machine is started the shaft springs, so as to cause the belt to slip, unless the pulley happens to be close to the bearing. While it is good practice in all cases where the con- ditions will admit to run all heavy pulleys as close to the bearing as possible, still it is not always practical to do so, consequently the size of the shaft and the distance between the bearings should be so calculated that there will be sufficient lateral strength to admit of placing the pulleys upon any part of the shaft between the bearings. There is no question but asa general rule a shaft that possesses sufficient torsional strength to perform the work, with a modern allowance for contingencies, will, if the bearings are placed at a proper distance apart, also possess sufficient lateral strength for all practical purposes. In practical experience it has been found that the most reliable rule for this purpose is to take three times the diameter of the shaft in inche$ for the distance from center to center of the bearingsin feet. Thus a shaft of 2 inches in diameter should be 6 feet from center to center of its bearings. One of 2% inches would call for 7 feet and 6 inches, while one of 3 inches may be 7 feet, and so on. WHY SAP FLOWS IN TREES. [3 Sieh tte the flow of sap in trees, one writer presents the following interesting theory: The maple tree is active in the summer and passive in winter. Pressure, suction and zero are conditions of the tree when not in leaf, when at rest and passive. Varied weather as to temperature is the case of these varied conditions. Under certain conditions the whole tree may be in pressure, while another part of the same tree may have been in suction. When the tree is in pressure, it is throwing out moisture sap, whether tapped or untapped. When the tree is in suction, it is reversed, taking in moisture of water, whether the tree is tapped or not. When the tree is tapped the pressure is visible. To make the suction visible, connect a glass tube to the spout, a round wooden one, by rubber, fill the tube with water or sap, or even syrup, when the tree is in suction, and you will see the contents passing down the tube and of course passing into the tree. Pressure and suction exists all the same if the tree is not bored, but, being un- seen, it is recognized little even by vegetable physiolo- gists. Pressure may be measured with the steam gauge, and also with a mercurial gauge, while suction can be measured with a mercurial gauge only. The highest pressure that I have noticed was 34 pounds on a square inch. This would hold a column of water over 60 feet high. The pressure of the atmos- phere at the sea level is 15 pounds upon a square inch: This amount of pressure is exerted on every square inch of the outside surface of the tree and is balanced by the same amount of internal pressure, so that the 34 pounds of internal pressure was in excess of the outside pressure; hence, even if the tree is not tapped, there must be moisture passing to the surface through the pores and connecting with the atmosphere until equilibrium is re- stored, and suction or zero is reached. If certain con- ditions produce pressure, then reversed conditions must produce suction, the opposite condition. When the tree is neither in pressure nor suction, then its con- dition 1s zero. In good sap weather, as a general law, the tree is in pressure during the day and in suction through the night. In poor sap weather zero conditions prevail. Pressure. What isit? This can only be understood by an understanding of the internal make-up of the tree. It is supposed that there are 100,000,000 cells in every cubic inch of maple wood. These cells are sup- posed to be like small boxes, with covers, piled one upon another, so that there are two partitions between every box or cell. These cells are filled with gases, air and water, together with some other materials or ele- ments. Now weare prepared to understand the philoso- phy of the pressure. As the sun warms up the outside of the tree, the air and gases expand in all the cells so warmed up, occupying a larger space, so that the pres- sure must be proportionate. It is not so much the ex- pansion of the cells as it is their expansible contents. The moisture or watery parts are forced out through the pores of the tree, and if a small maple tree is carefully scraped to the wood, instantly the whole surface will be covered with tiny drops of moisture, showing what is taking place all over the surface. Ifa tree is bored, the pressure is liberated so much, and if a gage is at- tached to the tree, 1t will show it and even measure the amount. Now a vacuum results. Asa cool night is coming on, these expansive elements are contracting, doubly increasing the vacuum. Now pressure changes to suction, and the glass tube showsit. The equilibrium of the tree is restored. CUT OF CANADIAN LOGS. A* interesting contribution to the discussion of the saw-log trade and lumber duties, is the following from the Lumber World, of Buffalo : “According to reports from Saginaw and other points in Michigan, the present season will witness the sawing of large amounts of Canadian logs in Michigan mills. The total that will cross Lake Huron from Canada to Michigan this season is set down at 350,000,000 feet of logs. So large an importation of logs, much of them by firms who own mills in Canada would seem to mean that the Americans operating in Canada do not intend to let their American mills fall into decay. It may also mean that they do not find the operation of saw-mills in Canada either so easy, so at- tractive, or so profitable as they expected to find it. Again, it may mean that they find the transportation of logs by lake so cheap that they find at least as much profit in sawing on this side as they find in the sale of lumber sawed in Canada and brought over by lake and rail. Viewed in any light, the movement is so large as to form an interesting feature of the trade. It is sus- pected that the Americans operating in Canada do not expect to see the present free lumber tariff standing two years from the present time, and that their expectation ofa restoration of the tariff in 1897 or 1898 will prevent them from going to great expense to erect large mills in Cana- da. With Canadian saw-millers rushing their mills to their full capacity, with many Americans operating saw- mills on both sides of the border, and with American mills cutting about an average of lumber, in addition to the very large amount of scorched lumber that has been and is being ‘cut to save it,’ there is no immediate pros- pect of an advance in the prices of any of those lines of lumber concerned in these transactions in the markets of the United States.” ee TE Saws should run at high speed to accomplish the best results. Short, slim teeth can be run on lighter cuts. High-speed saws will stand heavier feed in pro- portion to the length of teeth than the slower speeds. Long teeth will not hold corners well. A saw properly adjusted at a high speed will not run out in slabbing, nor into the cut after passing the center of the log. t2 _ eae THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ENDING the decision of the Board of General Ap- praisers of the United States in the case of dressed lumber, the subject is proving one of discussion in Canadian lumber circles, as well as among lumbermen across the border. An Ottawa lumberman considers the position taken by American lumber journals as very amusing, not to say inconsistent. ‘No reasonable per- son,” said he, “can doubt that the American govern- ment intended that this classification should cover what is generally understood in Canada, as wellas the United States, as flooring, clap-boards, or any lumber running through a planer. But with that ingenuity displayed some years ago in allowing canned fish to be admitted free and afterwards imposing a duty on the cans, Ameri- can authorities now try to twist and distort the meaning of the Act so as to destroy the object for which it was intended at the time. Further, Canadian lumbermen are glad to know that it is a small number of specially interested parties who tried this game, and not the ma- jority of American dealers, who are generally ready to liberally interpret the law and carry out any business they make.” Another Ottawa dealer stated that many American manufacturers have taken advantage of the removal of the duty from dressed lumber by the Cana- dian government, and not a few of them, with their im- mense facilities and extensive machinery, have been able to send dressed lumber into the Dominion and thus compete with Canadian manufacturers. The impression seems to prevail in Ottawa that the Canadian custom authorities will not levy the reciprocal duties until the decision of the Board of Appraisers in New York is given out. * * * F As has been remarked before, if self interest is allowed to guide a decision in this case, it is easily understood the view that will be taken by a certain section of the United States lumber trade. But this is not an equitable or statesmanlike position. And it is a ques- tion whether it is the wise and business-like view. United States lumbermen have found already, as a re- sult of the free tariff clauses of the Wilson bill, that a very decent and growing market for what is termed dressed lumber is to be found in Canada. The Timber- man tells us that the sale of tongued and grooved yel- low pine in Canada has assumed considerable propor- tions, and if the decision of the Board of Appraisers is sustained it will mean that a considerable market is lost to Southern operators, and a readjustment of trade rela- tions, so far as Jumber is concerned, would be necessary. The fact is that it 1s difficult to say what will be the final outcome of this question, and whilst I am not going to pronounce myself an out and out free trader, it does seem that here is a case that illustrates where free trade best suits two countries. Each finds a market for its particular product in the other country, and why not give things a free swing, and let each, without any cus- toms incumbrances, push trade to the best of their ability. Pie es The summer season coming well nigh to a close, I find lumbermen talking freely of the prospects for the fall. One opinion prevails, that July and August have been duller than the average summer months. This has been the case to the extent that lumbermen have queried whether the quietude that has prevailed could rightly be charged altogether to the summer season. My own impression is that this has been the main cause, for, even with commerce generally climbing upwards these months have been dull in every line of trade. The good times we have heard so much of has been ina confidence in the future, rather than immediate activity. And that this feeling of confidence has been well grounded is shown in the turn that the lumber trade is taking as it commences to go out of the month of August. Business for the past week has been a deal more healthy than for many weeks before, and the presence of United States buyers on the market here has furnished further evidence of improvement. A recent visitor was Mr. T. S. McCool, a somewhat familiar face in Canadian lumber quarters. He is now chief buyer for Uptergrove & Bro., of New York. I have reason to know that he did not leave Toronto without making glad the heart of some of our lumbermen by placing orders with them. It would be unwise, but I don’t think there is any danger of it, for lumbermen to suppose that any great boom would take place this fall, and as a conse- quence become extravagant in their operations. But I notice this, that the feeling is gathering momentum, as the change approaches, that not only the worst of the depression has gone by, but that the turn has actually come. Ofcourse, we have been beguiling ourselves in this way for a number of years as each fall season has come around, but there seems good reason to believe that this fall differs from some other falls. A different tone will take hold of the lumber reviews that will be written from this out, an agreeable change from the doleful tune that has too often been played. How true it is that every cloud has a silver lining. + * * % A brief account in our British Columbia letter of the application of electricity to logging operations in that province furnishes another instance of the extent to which this science is becoming useful for commercial purposes. It almost looks, as a writer in an electrical journal has said, that this will be a world of electricians before many years have rolled by. The butcher, the baker, the candlestick maker, the car driver, the gas lighter, the hod carrier, jack tar and all the rest of humanity will be electricians of some calibie. It will be, I suppose, as with everything else that gets on top, everyone will want to count in, if possible, with the suc- cesses that are scored. But all pleasantry aside, elec- tricity is performing wonders in the world of commerce, and even the inventor of the steam engine may fear that his supreme position will some day have to be vacated. There seems to be no reason why for logging purposes, as a means of propelling shortlined logging railroads, and for cutting down and sawing trees, that this new power should not be largely used. It is easier work than can be done by the steel saw for the little platinum wire to take a great tree of the forest in its tender em- brace, and with deadly grip fell the giant to the earth. It has been proposed to utilize the wire by stringing it in a straight line, bringing it to white heat by the electric current, and apply it to a tree as we do an ordinary saw. This plan, I am told, has been in vogue for some little while in England. We would hear less then of the saw- dust evil, for the sawdust dump would not be in it. Eight trees, it is said, can be brought down by this pro- cess in the time required to cut one down by axe or saw. * * * ¥ Everybody, I suppose, has read Mark Twain’s ac- count of how he edited an agricultural paper. It was left to that American humorist to cause pumpkins to grow on apple trees, and all the other absurd trans- mogrifications of nature to take place. But I do not know that Mark Twain wrote anything funnier in that sketch of his than what has appeared recently from the pen of one Flora Moon, who, as a woman, tells of the things she saw in asaw mill. She wanted to start at the beginning and undertake to follow a log to the saw and-then see a board cut and follow it until it was on the cars. What-did she see? In her own language she saw a log coming up on the back porch and pulled on to what the lumbermen ca!l a deck, but what to the eyes of Flora Moon was simply a floor. She saw a man with the awfullest dirty hands yank a piece of iron, and a great block iron fixing came up through tke floor and hit the log a pop that knocked it clear across the mill and then it popped back out of sight. She was told by a Swede that the fellow guilty of this act was known as a “steam nigger,” but she failed tosee any of the African around about and asked the Swede if he supposed she was green. Like the tricks that it is said are played upon the boys who attend the electrical schools in differ- ent parts of the country, when they are sent off for a bucket of steam, this young lady soon got the impress- ~ sion that the men around the mill had been posted about a arr. ee SEPTEMBER, 1895 _ her coming, and just lied to her from one end of the” millto the other. They spoke about a dog, and a whole lot of things she knows are not found in any saw milll. She got some information as to what might be done with all the sawdust that accumulated around a saw mill. One considerate gentleman suggested to her that she should agitate for the organization of a company to manufacture dolls, as there was no stuffing so cheap and valuable for dolls. Flora had her experience before she got through with the boys that day. +e % KO : WITH hardwood dealers basswood has been one line in liberal demand this season. The question is raised why this wood should be classified as a hardwood, for it possesses many of the elements that are indigenious to other woods. It certainly borders more closely to the one than to the other. But, after all, it does not make much matter under what classification it comes, so long as it proves a good product for the lumber dealer, and this is the case, for it is coming into increased uses” for cheap furniture, carriage bodies, inside finishings, and especially for mouldings and furniture frames. Canada has a good supply of basswood to furnish to all who want it. ———————————_— eee FIRING STEAM BOILERS, I* an engineer must hire the fireman, let him look first for a sober man ; next see that he is neat, careful and reliable; next ascertain if he wants to learn something new each day. If the man is a “know-it-all” it will not do to take him into the fire room. No matter what his other qualifications may be, he will not prove a financial success. His introduction to the coal pile will mean a considerable hole in the owners pocket book. The new fireman, if he understands his business, and especially if he has a new boiler, will start a slow fire. He will be easy on that boiler for a day or two; he will start the fire with wood, if possible, as that fuel can be regulated closer than any other form. For a medium sized boiler, say 5x16 feet, he will be very lazy in getting up steam the first day. Probably three or four hours will be consumed in getting up the pressure. While this is being done he will have a good look at every seam and every rivet that 1s within his reach. He will take pains to let the air out of the boiler as soon as the pressure begins to start. This is easily done by leaving a gauge cock or two open, or by raising the safety valve if the lever variety is used. After the new boiler has been gradually worked up to a pressure, he will let it stand an hour or to, then open the blow-off at surface, and give a chance for all the oil and light dirt to run out. After this the boiler may be put to work in earnest, and if the above directions be followed he will have very little trouble from leaky seams or tubes.—Tradesman. OBSTINATE THUMPING. OMETIMES an engine which usually runs well de- velops an obstinate pound or thump, which persists in spite of all the doctoring that can be done to the ma- chine. In vain the engineer will go from the wrist pin. to the cross head, and from eccentric to bearing. Even the fly wheel and the manner 'n which it is keyed upon the shaft will be investigated, to see if the thump is lo- cated therein. After all these things have been tried in vain, just give the engine a trifle more compression and note the result. Probably it will cure or make it worse. In the latter case change the valve again and give a little less compression than there was before. In nine- “teen cases out of twenty the change in compression will do the business. The philosophy of the business is this: The compression is too little or too great to allow the engine to run smoothly over the centre; and at that point the piston gives a “yank,” which causes wrist pin and connection and sometimes the main bearing to ~ vibrate to the extent of the lost motion, forming the thump or pound, which is so objectionable to the good engine runner. Christie’s mill at Brandon, Man., has finished its cut of lumber for this season. A very serious bush fire has been raging in the neighborhood of Canyon Creek, British Columbia, and within the timber limits of the Golden Lumber Company. SEPTEMBER, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 THE NEWS. —W. Hanis has parchased from John A. Bobier the saw mill at Port Talbot, Ont. —A raft containing 7,000,000 feet of lumber recently passed through the St. Clair river. —John Philp, of Grand Valley, Ont., has purchased a new 60 h. p. engine for his saw mill. —An electric light plant has been placed in the St. Anthony Lumber Co’s. mill at Whitney, Ont. —Cameron Bros. have commenced to rebuild their saw mil] at Hawkesbury, Ont., which was burned some time ago. i —Chew Bros., Midland, Ont., have a gang of men cleaning out Blair river as a channel for log-driving next spring. —The Hawkesbury Lumber Co., of Hawkesbury, Ont., re- cently closed down four of their mills on account of low water. —The cup presented by the Georgian Bay Lumber Co., to be played for annually by the G. T. R. employees, is valued at $150. —Mickle, Dyment & Son’s shingle mill at Severn Bridge, Ont., is shut down for the season, having made a short sea- son’s run. —Col. F. M. Pope, of Robinson, Que., has placed a new Leonard engine in his saw mill. to cut this season. —J. O. Gilbert & Son, of Bishop’s Crossing, Que., have added a large planing, matching and moulding machine to their steam saw mill equipment. He has a large stock of logs —The boom at Moore & Macdowall’s saw mill at Prince Albert, N. W. T., broke recently, and released 500 logs, which went down the stream and were lost. —The second annual celebration of the Arnprior Lumber Mills Association was held on Saturday, August roth, and con- sisted of a trade procession and games. —On the 8th of August, Daniel Cooligan, a saw mill hand of Buckingham, Que., was drowned in the tail race of the mill. He slipped while moving a jam of logs. —The Anderson Furniture Co., of Woodstock, Ont., has been incorporated by the Ontario Government, to manufacture and deal in lumber and furniture of all kinds, —The St. Francis Lumber Co., which lately bought the limits of the Brompton Mill Co. and the P. M. Partridge limits, have decided to build a saw mill at East Angus, Que. —The owners of lumber vessels are petitioning the secretary of war to replace the red second class buoy at the entrance to the cut in the Saginaw river with a Pintseh gas buoy. —A large quantity of logs and pulp wood have gone adrift and been lost at Portneuf, Que., owing to the high water. They belonged to Mr. Lemay, whose loss will be heavy. —J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls, Ont., have fin- ished operations on their limit at Whitefish river. They are said to be negotiating for another limit on the North channel. —At Severn Bridge, Ont., in one day, Traiton Gammon sawed 27,000 shingles on a horizontal saw, and Walter Me- Clelland trimmed them on a saw jointer. this ? —A couple of sticks of British Columbia pine recently ar- rived at Kingston, to be used in the construction of a dredge. The sticks were seventy feet long and three feet square. The freight on the timber from Hastings, B. C., amounted to $700. —Young Bros. & Co’s. mill at River Hebert, N. S., has closed down for want of water. Their steam mill at Newville will cut in the vicinity of six million feet of long lumber and five million laths this season. The output of the two mills for the season is expected to be about ten million feet of long lum- ber and eight million laths, which will be the largest cut they have ever made in one season. Can anyone beat —The towing steamer ‘‘ Daisy,” owned by H. Calcutt, of Peterboro’, was burned about two miles east of Hastings, on the Trent river, on the 3rd of August. The crew had a narrow escape, having to jump in the water and swim to the crib of the drive. —Mr. Parmelee, Deputy Minister of Trade and Commerce, has issued a circular to a number of leading lumbermen, calling their attention toa letter received a few days ago from a gentle- man in Constantinople, with reference to Turkey offering a good field for Canadian lumber. —The mill men employed by the Ontario and Western Lumber Association, at Rat Portage, Ont., went on strike on the 8th of August for an increase of wages. Last spring wages were reduced from $1.50 to $1.35 per day, and the men de- manded that the wages be raised to the former rate. —The Co-operative Sash and Door Factory, of Kingston, Ont., has concluded its first year’s business. A division of profits will not be made this year, as it has been decided to carry the funds forward to the end of another year. The pro- fits would have given the employees a bonus of four per cent. on their wages. — Forest fires have recently done considerable damage to timber lands in the vicinity of Moose Mountain, N. W. T., to prevent which the Dominion Government have decided to establish a permanent reserve there. The Moose Mountain country is forty miles long and thirty miles wide, and contains some valuable timber. —Two wealthy lumbermen, Messrs. E. M. Fowler, of Chicago, and Arthur Hill, of Saginaw, accompanied by Mr. M. N. Quinn, lumber broker, of Saginaw, visited Pembroke, Ont., a fortnight ago. They own large tracts of timber on the Madawaska river, and their mission was to arrange for getting their logs cut in Pembroke. They were prepared either to erect a mill or give the contract out for cutting the timber on the limits. A valuable mill site was shown them by Mr. Thomas Hale, but the drawback seemed to be the lack of ad- ditional railway facilities, which will probably prevent the erec- tiod of the mill here. CASUALTIES. —Louis McAdam, of Stewartville, was killed a fortnight ago while breaking a jam of logs on the Madawaska river. —R. D. Thuxton, lumber dealer, of Lindsay, Ont., was drowned in the river at that place on the 11th of August. —Geo, W. Thompson, employed in the sash factory at Des- eronto, Ont., was seriously injured recently while running a swing saw. —H. Newens, an employee of the Cookshire Milling Co., Sawyerville, Que., was killed recently by being caught in the shafting of the saw mill. —A young man named Henry McNutt, aged 19, employed in a saw mill at Canning, N.S, was caught by the belt and thrown against the engine wheel, receiving*injuries from which he died almost instantly. —Marshall T. Greene, president of the Chicago Lumber Company, was drowned at Highland Park on the 16th of August, while rowing on the lake. —On the 2oth ultimo the boiler in William Gordon’s plan- tng mill at Windsor, Ont., exploded, shattering the mill and killing an employee named Thompson. —While engaged in operating a sawing machine in the An- derson Furniture Co’s. factory at Woodstock, Ont., James Manzier had his hand drawn into the machine, completely serving the thumb and third and fourth fingers. —wW. C. Cone and R. J. Pringle narrowly escaped death re- cently at the Conger Lumber Co’s. mill at Parry Sound Ont. Mr. Pringle was working at the friction in connection with the gang saw, and standing on the drive belt when the bell rang to start the gang. Pringle did not hear the alarm and was immediately thrown crossways of the belt when it started. Cone, reached forward to save -his companion when he was caught by the moving belt and both were carried forward, falling on the floor in. the lower part of the mill. They received severe injuries, but no limbs were broken. TRADE NOTES. Mr. Archibald Campbell, of Toronto Junction, who recently purchased one of the Parmenter patent dry kilns for his extensive cooperage works at that place, states that he is well pleased with it. A model of this kiln will be on view at the Industrial Exhibition, Toronto. The Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., of Toronto, have been given the contract for supplying the split pulleys, and split friction clutch pulleys for the Ottawa Porcelain & Carbon Co.’s extensive new works at Ottawa. Mr. F. J. Drake, of Belleville, Ont., has entered into a con- tract with the Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., to manu- ufacture his celebrated saw and shingle mill machinery. Mr. Drake will superintend the work himself, and first-class work- manship may be expected. The Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., of Toronto, have sup- plied R. Thackeray, of Ottawa, with a very neatly designed rope drive for the transmission of the power required in the new ex- tension just erected to his extensive planing mills. also supplied the required belt pulleys. The Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., of Toronto, have in hand two mammoth rope drives, forthe E. B. Eddy Co., of Hull, Que., each drive to have a guaranteed capacity of h. 9. The drives are used in the transmission of power from new Mc- Cormack water-wheels, being installed for the purpose of in- creasing the pulp grinding capacity ofthe company. The E. B. Eddy Co. are of the opinion that the rope drive is along way ahead of any other means of transmission, especially for heavy work. The Robb Engineering Co., of Amherst, N. S., have been appointed agents in Nova Scotia for the Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., of Toronto, and will carry a full stock of pulleys in all sizes for immediate delivery. They will also handle the Dodge patent split friction clutches and couplings, special dynamo and motor pulleys, heavy saw mill pulleys, rope driv- ing, etc. Thc Robb Engineering Co., being the leading mill supply people in the Maritime provinces, this will, no doubt, prove a valuable agency for the Dodge Co., and be a great con- venience to pulley users in that district. They have PUBLICATIONS. The Timbermon, of Chicago, has celebrated its ninth anni- versary by the publication of a special and very beautiful edition. Always bright, clever, newsy, and not least of its good qualities, courageous, it has given added emphasis to these features in the issue of 176 pages now before us. Matters of practical interest to the trade of all lands are discussed in its editorial pages, and it abounds in special papers, descriptive of particular lumber districts, and of the markets and trade of all leading sections of the country. It is most creditably printed, and its pages are enlivened with first class illustrations of various matters sug- gested by the great lumber industry of the continent. To a lumber journalist one of the most interesting features of the paper is the chapter headed Nine Years in Lumber Journalism, being a resumé of the editor’s experiences, observations, etc., the article illustrated with portraits of Mr. J. E. Defebaugh, the editor-in-chief, and proprietor of the Timberman, and his clever and good looking staff. An occasional assignment shows that there are con- cerns yet making furniture that should have quit two years ago. Makers of veneers and veeneer machines report good business. Prospects for fall business in everything con- nected with furniture making are encouraging. Lumbermen's Supplies We are making a Specialty of Lumbermen’s Supplies, and are offering, with other goods, a good Japan Tea, Get a sample of this & 60 fine draw and make, at 12% cents. splendid Tea suitable for the Camp. H. P. EOkardt WHOLESALE GROCERS CAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. TORONTO. DAVIDSON & HAY Wholesale Grocers TORONTO @=ea SEPTEMBER, 1895 14: h THE CANADA LUMBERMAN BEARINGS AND JOURNALS. some kind of lining metal, of which babbit metal, made THE man who takes the trouble to invent little tools and AST iron makes one of the very best bearing sur- according to the original formula, is an excellent ex- jigs for helping along his work is a valuable man to have, and faces for a shaft if it is never allowed to lack for oil. ample. Many cheap substitutes for this are made and the right kind ofa foreman’ will encourage him by taking = But if it gets dry trouble is at hand. When acast iron erroneously called babbitt metal, but their chief merit is. ‘terest 1 "15 suggesting points or other applications, and in bearing gets dry it will do lots of mischief ina brief usually covered by their quality of being cheap. In this oh aey ee him on Y pee 7 ai el cs period of time. When it wants oil it wants it real bad, respect cheapness oftens covers a good deal of lead and Hes 3 ie ee ee Fe pee tie phe: . . . oe otra . = 5 y no 1 ‘ and it wants it right away ; if it does not get it it seizes a little antimony. There are, however, several patented a gaia ness = MIG OF alee ee ee E : : : ; : 5 ; his men feel free to discuss these questions before the tools are and tears the journal with great intensity of desire, as it alloys for lining boxes, some of which possess undoubt- : 5 Sig ! : : 2 made, and by so doing save the cost of various experiments. — were. This is particularly the case during the first few ed merit. Melee days of use. After considerable use, well supplied with Babbitt metal proper consists of two pounds copper, oil, the surface becomes glazed and is not so likely to do damage from a little neglect in the way of oiling. Still the danger is there, modified in degree only. Cast iron bearings are not so much used as they would be but for this ever present danger. A well-known steam engine builder and mechanical engineer, when he put his now well-known steam engine on the market, several years ago, knowing the value of cast iron bearings, determined to overcome what he be- lieved to be a prejudice, and used it for main bearings and elsewhere about the engine. He was forced to give it up after a year or so of trial, proper attention not in many cases being given to oiling, with the stereotyped results. When cast iron is used for a bearing the box should be made so as to cut off not less than % of an inch from each end in squaring up, as the ends are likely to be chilled a little in the mould, and unless cut off for a little distance in there will be a narrow ring of metal that is harder than the rest of the bearing surface, and the jour- nal will be cut. For a similar reason a liberal allowance should be made for boring. Generally speaking, the bearing and journal should not be made of the same material, although this may sometimes be unavoidable. Cast iron appears to be about the only exception, a cast iron journal and bearing running together nicely, but for the exception previously mentioned, that is, when there is danger of getting dry. Cast steel does very well if both journal and bearing are hardened, and the same is true of wrought iron when case-hardened. But in both these instances, the journal and bearing are special, that is, they are not such as are made fox ordinary purposes, their cost being too great. Almost the universal rule at the present time is to use OAK TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONREAL AND TORONTO. J four pounds antimony and forty-eight pounds tin. A substitute for this which is said to give good results is composed of 114 pounds copper, 153 pounds.antimony, 47 pounds tin and one pound of yellow brass. These are melted ‘together and two pounds of tin for each pound of the mixture is added. Neither of the above named alloys is cheap except in the sense that what is good is generally the cheapest in the end. In lining boxes both the shaft or babbitting mandrel, as the case may be, as well as the boxes, should be made quite warm; this will prevent the lining metal from chill- ing and blocking up its own passage and will also modify to some extent the inevitable effects of shrinkage. Sometimes, in the instance of brass shells, the surface is tinned, the lining metal then adhering to the tin and preventing the lining from being shaky when cold. In crank shaft boxes connecting rod boxes and other first-class machinery, the lining metal is stretched after becoming cold by hammering with a round power ham- mer, then bound to size. In more common machinery, a babbitt mandrel a little larger than the shaft is used, and the boxes go just as poured. When it is necessary to babbitt a shaft in place, in order to compensate for the contraction of the metal, a piece of paper may be wrapped smoothly around it and held in place by a fine thread wound three or four times spirally, or, more properly speaking, vertically, around it. This paper, if of the right thickness, when removed after babbitting will leave a good running fit between the journal and bearing. For a shaft about 2-inches in diameter ordinary letter paper will serve the purpose, while heavier paper can be used for larger shafts. MANUFACTURERS OF C= DUPLEX AD. SiN GaSe STEAM: lee POWER |I/ 5 | > J. S. PARMENT 2a Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. MUCEAGHREN'S IMPROVED. SYSTEM OF KILN DARE OST of erecting, running and maintaining the lowest and results the highest of any dry kiln and drying system in the market. Green Elm, Ash, Whitewood, &c., for furniture dried in six days; only exhaust steam 10 hours per day used. NO CHECKING, WARPING OR CASE-HARDENING. THE MEACHREN HEATING & VENTILATING GO Galt, ret: Ot (eS H BEESERN |} WKY) A (orl Ss Sole Canadian Agents cen Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. BEST MAIN DRIVE. GUARANTEED. (Ball TIMBER & LUMBER Se ETE, oie @ FINT & PERE MAROUET RAILROAD Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAW AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) WT. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company’s line of steamships across Lake Michigan. The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO and all Canadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This road traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions : a market for every product of Forest and "The policy of the “F,& P.M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. Generar Orrices: - SAGINAW, MICA. THe CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 «m= pe, WHO WANT = a y = THE BEST = SZ | y YH “SY =e ASK FOR | =a Bain’s Heavy Log Trucks urnished with Steel or Cast Skeins, 334, 4, or 4% arms. Any width tire. Are well built of thoroughly seasoned timber, heavily ironed and well finished. Built of any capacity required. Are STRONG, DURABLE, and LIGHT running. A trial order will be most convincing. Satisfaction guaranteed, Write us for further information. Address all orders or inquiries to Jae BAIN BROS. MFG. CO., Brantford, Ont. MALL & FISHER 60, Lid. Woodstock, N. B. = Patent — Dhingle . =~ Machine MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill Machinery Circular Saw Rigs, Light and Heavy ood or Iron Frames. Rope and Chain Feed for Saw Car- riages. Live Rollers, Wood or Iron. Log Canters, Light and Heavy. Double Edgers, Friction and Direct \ Ss _ =STtRIVE] TENG. ial — == P.PAYETTES... PATENT FRICTIONAL FEED DOUBLE [n four sizes WITH FULL IMPROYE- MENTS eed. Head Blocks, Light and Heavy. Mill Dogs. Saw Guides. Trimmer, Log and Carrier Chains. Set Works. Top Saws. Brass and Iron Fittings. Saw Swage for Circular, Gang or Band Swing Saws. Trimmers. Butting Tables. Boilers and Boiler Fittings. Shafting, Boxing, Pulleys, Hangers. Paper Frictions, Wood and Iron. Brass and Iron Castings of all kinds. Machinery for Lath Mill. A ‘“€ Shingle Mill. “ Gang Mill. “« Re-sawing. « Jack-Ladder. ‘© Drag Saw. *« Engines, Stationary and Marin umps. oe ‘© Making Matches. Cant Hook Handles. Terms and Prices on application. iui) P. Payette & Co. Penetanguishene, Ont. fe NS ee Te hey 18 THE CANADA LUMEEEBMAT SEPTEMBER, 1895 Dodge Patent Specialties —= Dodge “Wood Split Belt Pulleys — er yl Dodge Split Friction Clutch and Cut-off Coupling pi | Dodge System of Rope Transmission of Power Pi ; Dodge Rope Dressing’ for preserving Transmission Ropes | 1s eS SS SSSI SS SIS SES @ SSS EIS, 1895 CATALOGUE MAILED ON PLATO. DODGE woop SPLIT PULLEY C0. OFFICE, = pret Canada Atlantic Railway OTTAWA, ARNPRIOR AND PARRY SOUND RAILWAY a OPERATING THE Ottawa and New York Lumber Line - Ottawa and Boston Lumber Line - Canada Atlantic Fast Bi Line (Operating over the Grand Trunk, Central Vermont, and Boston and Maine Railways.) —: SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE : 7. FROM AND TO...) - e For through rates, information and list of lumber dealers, apply to any officer of these lines or connections, or to ARNPRIOR HAWKESBURY J R. A. CARTER JOHN SMITH TORONTO MONTREAL BURLINGTON — Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade Ontario Agent, Board Trade BUFFALO QUEBEC BOSTON NY 4 MONTREAL TORONTO DETROIT HALIFAS NEW YORE e TONAWANDA PORTLAND ALBANY, &C.- CAPT. J. H. WILLIAMS GC. J. SMITH AND ALL POINTS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. 15 Lumber Distriet, Albany, N. Y. General Freight Agent, Ottawa. P. S.—The opening of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa to the Georgian Bay, offers to the manufacturer and purchaser a new district not heretofore reached by any other line. Dauntless shingle and neading Machine. .*. WILL make more | Shingles per day than any self-acting machine | with vertical saw in existence, and more || ' Shingles from the same |. quantity of timber. Dear Sir,—We have waited two years before giving you our idea of your machinery. This we did to thoroughly test it, and can now say we know what it can do. Your Saw Mill is equal, or nearly equal, to any we have seen of much heavier make, and far in advance of any light rig in the market. The capacity per day is fully up to your guarantee, 40 M perday. We have tested with eight men. The Shingle Mill cannot be beaten for any kind of timber. Ours being in a manner a custom mill, we have good, bad and indifferent timber, but for all it does the work satisfac- orily. You may use this in any way you please, or refer to us at any time. eee aN CaN TAE FRAME .. Is of Iron throughout, very |: heavy and rigid, strongly bolted |. and braced. TAE CARRIAGE .. Is very light and strong, made of forged Cast Steel Plate, running on steel ways or tracks. Will take in a block 18 inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. Yours truly, (Sgd.) W. J. & H. W. Fow ps. [copy.] Hastincs, Dec. 3, 1894. F. J. DRAKE, Esq., Belleville. CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY . a (F. Jd. DRAKE =... Ganurneruser or SAW, SHINGLE AND LATH MACHINERY Care Canadian Locomotive & Engine Co., KINGSTON, ONT. ~~ “eo _ - SEPTEMBER, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN LINK BELT FOR ELEVATING, CONVEYING, HANDLING ALL MATERIALS, POSITIVE TRANSMISSION OF POWER. ee” i NEW ‘ ALLIS” BAND MILL It Will Pal YOU to investigate the merits of our Mill BRANTFORD, and Machinery before ordering CANADA. ... elsewhere... No. 15 CATALOGUE For Main Drive Belts Use... We have for manu uears been the representatives in Ganada of the EWART LINK BELTING Our stock is ample and well assorted, insuring prompt shipment of all sizes and specials ..... Very large line of Gorrect Sprocket Wheel Patterns. Special Lines for Log Jacks of GIANT GHAIN, TUBULAR GHAIN, STEEL FLAT LINK GHAIN. AND cincULAR WATEROUS Also Block, 550, Steel, and other cheap chains for Se bts BR ANT FORD heavy refuse carriers, BRICK MACHINERY GABLE GONVEYORS, ROPE DRIVES. pesekd 2 | uae CANADA GRIP PULLEYS MACHINERY Send for New Link Belt Catalogue No. 15. Just out of press, THE CANADA LUMBERMAN | Surumemne tii Me J. B. WALL, President. VINE CRANDALL, Vice-President. M. M. WALL, Treasurer. BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER CO. ‘ HARDWOOD LIARS “ ARTIES manufacturing or Tae for sale Birch, Maple, 940 ELK rea —_— Basswood, Soft or Rock Elm, White or Brown me Ash, &c., should correspond with us, as we are always in the market for such desirable stock. | ' : iB U Ee F ALO, N. * Annual Sales, 25,000,000 Feet. We have our own Salesmen in New York and New England. | | ay eed ay |THE REID 60., OF TORONTO Emery Wheels, Donocit « SC OLIVER | twoen- sete com. ae espune ss ante oma oa ier indin ng ae : . fie : Handle al all kinds of Pine and Hardwood ‘Ve Pap Cis es ou sburg, ‘ J The Tanite Ee Siro se a WHOLESALE DEALERS IN LONG OAK BILLS A SPECIALTY New York, 161 Washington Stre aa ini ars | Otee: Corner King and Berkeley Sts, Gncinnati, 1 West ge ‘pee Dock: Foot of sey St. J.D. SHIBR LUMBER, LATH and SHINGLES @ “es Syl Lumber, Lath s Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. S eo BUFFALO: Dock: foot of Hertel Avenue. It Pays to Advertise in Tue Canapa LUMBERMAN THE A Rh, WILLIAMS MACHINERY CO. Ln . Sono Machine-vWY orks, 2ehRet a. BRAGCEBRIDGE, ONT. MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN ee Sau_Mill_ Machinery Shingle Mill Machinery Toop and Veneer Mill Machingry Wood-working Machinery lron-working Machinery BATRIG LIGHT PUINTS. ELECTRIG MOTORS. ENGINES AND BOWERS OF ALL SIDES. Write jor a Circular and Catalogue, mentio oning this advertisement. : SSE ES ee SEES SGURGEVANG : DRY ? KILN 3 PLANTS EXCEL ALL;OTHERS IN EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY. SEND FOR SPECIAL STURTEVANT DRY KILN CATALOGUES. ALR. WILLIAMS Soto mactine works TORONTO - i iV i | TErRMS,$1.00 PER YEAR TORONTO, ONT,., 4 Single Copies, 10 Cents. OCTOBER, 1895 VotuME XVI. gs To Whom It May Concern: iin t I would respectfully state that I have used Magnolia Me have employed the metal in erank-pin boxes on the Experimental Engin able pressure. We have made some tests to determine accurately the friction re our machine these tests are not all completed, and a full report ¢ superior quality in every respect. I may say that I fully believe t R. C. CARPENTER, (Professor of Experimental Engineering, Sibley College, Cornell University, Iam, Sir, truly yours, LONDON OFFICE: 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET CHICAGO OFFICE: TRADERS’ BUILDING ti —— “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE is the only machine in the market that will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. ‘The Morse" Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTH BRS ‘« Reliance Works,” - MONTREAL. John Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS ONTARIO. Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should write us for prices. Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. MONTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS CARS PASS: OFFICE ee "1 m8 MAGNOLIA MEGAL IN USE BY meson Governments CORNELL UNIVERSITY, ITHACA, N. Y., August 10, 1895. tal with satisfaction for bearings where other metals have given a great deal of trouble. I e at Sibley College, and in the bearings of water-wheels which were under consider- dueing qualities and durability of this metal. On account of an accident to Sufficient has been done, however, to indicate the annot be given at the present time. he metal has most excellent quality in every respeet for the purposes and uses elaimed. Mem. Soc. Mec. Engineers, &c.) Owners and Sole BaD Doe a & CZ &) e Manufacturers 74 Gortlandt St.. NEW YORK JET PUMPS.. 85 000 7 FNBERT AUTOMATIC WATER GAGES clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. PEN BERTHY INJECTOR CO. Engineers have used it, and de- Should be in every Lumber Mill ARE THE BEST Branch Factory : WINDSOR, ONT. PENBERTAY ware, cac : G. F. CLEVELAND $ Silver Solder For Repairing BAND SAWS. fe Price $1.00 per ounce, in xo ounce lots. P. W. ELLIS & CO., 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. MANUFACTURING JEWELERS. Cc. C. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhue & OO. [FATHER BELTING :::. ann LACE LEATHER Danville, Que. E. Circular and Long Saws . SAINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY a MANUFACTURERS OF .. AND.. THE“ BURNS” CROSS-CUT SAW HANDLE THE CANADA LUMBEBRMAN OcTOBER, 1895 | THE NEW PRESGOTT Band Saw Milg f = SX . y SS SS j = SS f —N j ANA \\ ce ee - =— NY J a. Li / | X \\ © A KS | | + ci — i ANS f ‘ = san innit 1 FA ri Hey PRESCOTT f | WA I | | + ail ! mu mu Uy WY a \ \ \ \\ \\\ \ \ \ en S \\ NY S . YY\\\\\\ RAY AY S NY \\\ \\\ \\ \ y = = \ LQ \ = \ \ | \\\ LAW WA . ANY \ SAY . . \\ Vy, "oe . THE WM. HAMILTON MFG. CO. LTD. _ PETERBOROUGH, ONT. Branch Office: Waneouner iano ot. T#E CANADA LUMBERMAN Votume XVI. NUMBER Io, UNITED ASSOCIATIONS OF LUMBERMEN. SixtH ANNUAL CONVENTION AT BUFFALO. oo Sixth Annual Convention of the United Asso- ciations of Lumbermen was held at Buffalo on the 3rd, 4th and 5th of September. [t was one of the most important meetings yet held by the organization, and was of great interest to lumbermen generally. Its meet- ings are never popular in the sense of being generally attended by the trade at large, as its membership is made up of delegates from the various retail organiza- tions east and west. As the record shows, however, there was a liberal sprinkling of members of the retail trade, other than delegates, in attendance, and the manner in which the wholesale trade of Buffalo and Tonawanda entertained the visitors was in keeping with the reputation previously established in that respect. On the program were eighteen papers to be read, on subjects touching all branches of the trade, and embrac- ing the best thought of the members on matters of para- mount importance to the industry whose interests they had met to consider. Two papers on mutual insurance among lumbermen created great interest and provoked considerable discussion, bringing out, as might be ex- pected, considerable difference of opinion. At the opening session President John W. Barty oc- cupied the chair, and Secretary J. L. Lane was present to call the roll. Some sixty delegates answered to their names, including a number from Canada. The associa- tion was welcomed to Buffalo by the Mayor of the city in a brief address, to which president Barry replied as follows : On behalf of the United Associations of Lumbermen, it is my privilege, it is my pleasure, to extend to you and to the city of Buffalo our most hearty thanks. We accept your welcome in the spirit in which it is given, for we recognize it as the real, genuine ‘‘all-heart grade,” sawed true and plump. In the language of the lumberman, it is ‘‘ clear and well manufactured ;” a welcome after the lumberman’s own heart. However, we would be wanting in that nice discrimination as to the proprieties of conditions and circumstances, did we not recognize the fact that this welcome is extended us, not in a personal way, but in behalf of the great lumber industry which we represent. For be it known to all that the great lumber industry has more capital invested in it than any other industry. For proof of this I cite you to the census of 1890, from which you will learn that the capital invested in the lumber industry is double that invested in any other. Yea, more. that this capital exceeds one-tenth of the aggregate capital invested in all manufacturing industries. We, being the representatives of this trade, receive these courtesies. We are the accidents of time, and the recipients of favors due to position. Truly, it is better to to be born lucky than rich, if, like us, you can be lucky most of the time. But the city of Buffalo has for us added charms. We feel that we are vislting one of the landmarks of the great republic. Why, it is within the memory of man that Madison vetoed the canal bill on account of the pressure brought to bear upon him by the New England states. For, said they, it will never do to open up this waterway to encourage the people to go to the west. Think of it! Buffalo the west. But true to western characteristics you crossed the then plains, as of old the pilgrims crossed the sea, to make out of the west, as they of the east, the ‘‘ home of the free.” You built the canal without national aid. It is within the memory of men living here that Governor Clinton was towed in his little Seneca Chief into the canal, and after a most rapid trip of nine days found himself in New York Bay, and amid the booming can- nons and the shouts of an excited populace he raised on high the little green keg of water which he had brought from Lake Erie and mingled it with the turbulent waters of the great Atlantic, thus sealing for all time the commerce of Buffalo, a commerce which in proportion to population is greater than that of any other city in the world. But, sir, pleased as we are with all this, it is my unpleasant duty ‘to mention the one objection to your welcome. As was said be_ fore, we find it “‘all heart,” ‘‘ strictly clear and well manufactured,” a genuine lumberman’s welcome, but after due trial and strict ex- amination, I find it to be not ‘‘strictly dry’’—in fact it is ‘‘ wet stock.” Now you are well aware that wet stock is very obection- able to lumbermen, but happily on_ this occasion this objection does not hold, for the delegates to the present convention, and 1895 TORONTO, ONT., OCTOBER, } Terms,$1.0o PER YEAR ; Single Copies, 10 Cents more especially those from Kansas and Iowa, as well as the mem- bers of the press, were selected with special reference to their ability to handle ‘‘ wet stock” to the best advantage, so that this objection will for the present be passed unnaticed, uncorked and unknown, But sir, in all seriousness, we meet your greeting with greeting, for your roses of welcome we tender you the sweet forget- me-nots of memory. These courtesies will not be forgotten. We could not if we would, and we would not if we could. Gentlemen of the Convention: It seems but fitting at this time that something should be said as to the future of the organization, and as to the work of your present officers. Two years ago at Cleveland I was honored with the presidency, and I then and there resolved to do all in my power to make this organization a truly representative one of the whole lumber trade. I could not see the object of having it wholly retail, for have not the retailers their local associations in which the unswerving devotions of the wholesalers to the retailers is annually recounted in unbroken concatenations of prose, poetry and song? Neither could I see the object of hav- ing it wholiy wholesale, for does not each recurring moon find the wholesalers in session discussing the unkicking, unthinking pro- pensities of the retailer, and vainly endeavoring to reduce the price list just in time for him to lay in his season's stock, No, not an organization for one, but for both. After much work and volum- inous correspondence by myself and with the best of help we se- cured a fairly good representation of the entire trade at the Den- ver meeting last year. Indeed, we had a paper from a member of the Mississippi Valley Lumbermen’s Association, one from the Southern Lumber Manufacturers’ Association, and one from the Mississippi Association. On being re-elected last fall, after a con- ference with your secretary, it was decided to push this line of work to the end that at this meeting this Association could be or- ganized into a real national association to which all differences be- tween lumbermen might be referred, as a court of final resort. For so long as brother differs from brother in politics, so long as sister differs with sister on religion, so long as husband differs with wife on family affairs, we must expect that even lumbermen will have differences on business affairs. Indeed when we think of it the wonder is that there are not more differences, for in every transaction between two real persons there are in reality involved six distinct personalities. This is what is known as the personal trinity. For instance, take a transaction between myself, you and your secretary ; there is Lane, the real Lane that God made, Lane as he sees himself and Lane at I see him. Three distinct person- alities. Then there is Barry, the real Barry that God made, and known only to his Maker, Barry as he sees himself, and Barry as Lane sees him. Now among the the six persons to this deal 1s it any wonder that differences should arise? But this organization is well calculated from its cosmopolitan character to settle these difterences, for generally when difterences are fully understood there is little difficulty in settling them amicably. Our firm in an experience of 23 years never had a claim which, after being shown to be just, was not freely and willingly allowed. But whethey these changes will be made or not it. is with you, gentlemen, to say. We can go no further. But whether or not these changes, or any changes, shall be made, each one that comes here will be the better for coming, You will return to your homes with a broader charity and a firmer faith—faith that leads man from the known to the unknown—faith that is the essential element of all human progress. You will carry with you a brighter hope ; sweet ‘« Hope that, like the taper’s gleaming light, Adorns and cheers the way, And still, as darker grows the night, Emits a brighter day.” The secretary made a few remarks urging the im- portance of the association, and then submitted the financial statement, which showed receipts $312.75 ; expendlture $77.73; balance on hand $235.02. The first paper discussed was one by Mr. L. A. Mans- field, of New Haven, on “The Contractors’ Credit System,” after which the subject of “Insurance” came _up, being introduced by Mr. W. C. Johnson, of Fitch- burg, who as president of the Massachusetts Retail Association and of the Lumber Mutual Fire Insurance Co., was well qualified to ceal with it. He gave statis- tics showing the vast sums paid in premiums by lumber- men. The cost of insurance is about twice as much as the aggregate of fire losses. He suggested a number of remedial changes through legislation. A supplemen- tary paper on the same subject was read by E1ward Henson, of Philadelphia, and he suggested that a com- ‘mittee be appointed to investigate the workings of three mutual companies now operating, and that a standard insurance committee be established by the United Associations. W. G. Hollis, of Minneapolis, of the fire insurance company organized by the Northwestern Lumbermen’s Association, spoke of the risks in the west, and described them as much different from eastern hazards, and said the result was very satisfactory after a trial of eighteen months. No dividends are paid and the policy holder is charged a proportionate amount of losses, expenses, etc. A deposit is made by each policy holder, which is forfeited if the assessment is not paid. L. R. Hawes, of Sandusky, also described the opera- tions of a lumbermen’s mutual fire insurance company in which he is interested. F. L. Wagar, secretary of the Alabama association, spoke briefly on the benefits of the united organization, and congratulated the members on the happy results attained. At a subsequent session President Barry spoke in highly complimentary terms of the lumber press and the valuable service they render to the trade. A paper by C. L. Blakeslee, of Albany, was read by S. H. Beach, of Rome. It was entitled “The Wholesale Consumer,” and was an able argument in favor of re- tailers, and the acknowledgement and protection of their rights and interests. In discussing the paper, E. M. Willard, of Philadelphia, spoke of the enormous growth of the lumber interests of Buffalo and Tonawanda, and the mutual interests between wholesale and retail deal- ers and manufacturers. Mr. Drake, of the Texas asso- ciation said the wholesale consumers are enumerated in the by-laws of the body, including the state of Texas, penitentiaries, foreign bridge companies, and all dealers who annually use 200,000 feet of lumber, and this plan leaves nothing to be decided by arbitration committees. Other papers dealt with such subjects as “ Influence of United Associations,” ‘“ Local Associations,” “ The Territory of the Retailer,” “Early Days of the Retail Trade,” ‘“ What Constitutes a Regular Dealer,” “ Man- agement of Retail Yards,” “ The Attitude of the Retailer to the Wholesaler and Manufacturer,” ““The Whole- saler,” “The Scalper,” etc, etc. The papers are to be printed in pamphlet form for distribution. A resolution was passed recommending that all arbi- tration committees consists of nine members, three chosen by each of the contending parties and thiee by the six thus chosen. The following were elected officers for the ensuing year :—President, G. A. R. Simpson, Minneapolis, Minn.; first vice-president, R. W. English, Denver, Colo.; second vice-president, C. W. English, Mont Clair, N. J.; secretary, John L. Lane, Kansas City, Mo. The third day of the Convention was given up to the social feature. The delegates, with other invited friends, were taken to Niagara Falls as the guests of the Whole- sale Lumber Dealers Associations of Buffalo and Tona- wanda. They went by steamer to the terminus of the electric railway on the Canada side, over that road to Queenston, across to Lewiston, then back to the Falls by the new Gorge Railway. Dinner was served at the International Hotel, after which the party visited the works of the Cataract Construction Co. and Niagara Falls Paper Co., then back to Buffalo by steamer. It was a delightful trip and the visitors thoroughly enjoyed themselves. The headquarters of the Convention were at the Iroquois Hotel, in the parlors of which a reception was held. The meetings took place in the handsome room of the Builders’ Exchange, one of the finest business blocks in the city. A carriage drive about the city, headed by a tally-ho coach and four, was not the least enjoyable feature of the meeting. =. i a : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN CORRESPONDENCE Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades. To secure insertion all communications must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for publication. The publisher will not hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. UNIFORMITY OF GRADING. To the Editor cf the Canapa LUMBERMAN : S1R,—I would like to call the attention of the lumber trade to some of the difficulties which have been felt by all, more or less, and which the dull times and close competition necessarily attendant thereon have empha- sized. J allude tothe want of uniformity of grading and inspecting lumber between us and our best custom- ers, the United States. I think it should be our aim to remedy this evil, and the only way it can be done is by the united co-operation of ali the people interested on this side of the line. Our Boards of Trade and our representatives in Parliament might take it up, but first become united and decide definitely what reforms we want, and then have our representative bodies take the matter up with the Boards of Trade and Associations of lumber dealers in the U. S. In this way much more may be accomplished than if the matter is left to indi- vidual effort. What do we want? In my estimation we want uni- formity of grading and laws te cover the same ; we want a common standard, so that all may know when a cer- tain-grade is spoken of exactly what is meant—a stand- ard that will not fluctuate with the rise and fall of the market. Let the prices be high or low, this standard will be the measure of quality of what we have to buy or sell. As the value of gold depends on its fineness and its abundance or scarcity, so let our standard of quality be the same. I need hardly remind my lumber. friends of the trouble and annoyance that is caused by the dif- ference in meaning attached to common names and terms, as for instance, “Common” or ‘“ Fine Common,”’ would mean in the American markets an entirely differ- ent and much superior grade to what it does here; the same with the term “ Dressing,” which here means almost anything that will hang together long enough to go through the planer. On the other side it is a grade that must have two clear edges, and the defects must be in the nature of small sound knots. Generally it must be of a quality to make tight work, that would not allow water to leak through it. There are other discrepancies that will readily occur to the dealer, such as No. 1 Culls in the New York market and No. 1 Culls at the mills on the Georgian Bay. If we can get uniformity in our names of grades, and also in our understanding of what the quality should be, then the question of price can be left to take care of itself ; but now a dealer who finds himself with a large stock on hand may be inclined to say, ‘“‘ I am prepared to give my customers any quality they want. I will sell them shipping culls at a low figure and let them call it what they like, so long as I get my money. I will make three or four kinds of Box, or Dressing, and sell them at different prices. If aman wants a cheap lot, I will give him one out of which all the best and widest boards have been taken, and then I can sell the wider lots for more, and thus get an average.” This reason- ing may look all right on the face of it, but it is bad for the individual who adopts. it, and it is bad for the rest of trade, as alot of lumber sold of a certain quality at a certain price, fixes that as the market price of that grade, and if a lot is sold at a lower price than the regular mar- ket rate, the fact that it is a “doctored” lot is suppressed, and thus it has a depressing effect on the market. I say, keep up your grades and keep them uniform. If the supply of any kind of timber runs out, and the quality of the logs will not make lumber of the thickness, width or clearness set by the rules laid down, then there might be a revision of the rules and a modification of the standard made, but these changes should only be made when absolutely necessary and at a meeting of the re- presentatives of all parties concerned. Another reason why we should have a common stand- ard of inspection is: Our customers on the other side buy of us goods of a certain quality, which we undertake to furnish according to our rules of inspection, delivery to be at point of shipment. Well, the goods go on to New York or Boston. and very often when they reach _ Toronto. _ against us. there they are refused for trivial reasons, or an inspector is put on and the goods remeasured and inspected, and great discrepancies reported and allowances demanded, or threatened refusal of the goods and consequent hand- ling and storage charges. Now these discrepancies could only occur for two reasons. First—want of uni- formity in our nspection of lumber, called by the same in the two markets. Second—dishonest inspectors at either or both ends. If the same system of grading existed in both countries, the inspector who shipped would get so near the right grade that the receiving in- spector would not dare make such reports as are too common now. It would be too palpabie and glaring a steal that his employer could not afford to allow him to “ make his wages anda little more that way.” The same reasons hold good for a rule or standard of inspection that will govern, and that can be enforced between the buyer and seller in our own market. The absence of this has led to conflicts between dealers and manufacturers. The dealer has sold a quality that has an actual definition and description in the New York or Boston market, and he makes his bargain with the manufacturer for this grade, but when he sends his inspector to ship it, the mill man finds the in- spection different to. what he expected it would be, or as some other person tells him it ought to be. He “ fires” the inspector and will not let the pur- chaser have the lumber sold, thus entailing loss of pro- fit the buyer should have made on the goods, and the buyer's time and expenses. In small lots of lumber, to try and enforce by law a bargain thus made, would cost more in time and annoyance than it would be worth. If this should be repeated in a number of purchases, the dealer is often put to a great deal of inconvenience, and suffers considerable loss besides. He has to fill the or- ders he has taken and must get it of the quality called for in his sale. In order to do this, what constitutes a certain grade should be plainly laid down, so that the consumer or dealer who buys in the United States, and the dealer or manufacturer here, may all understand what constitutes the grade sold, and hence avoid con- fusion, annoyance and loss ; and it will also to a large extent prevent the “‘ wobbling” dealer from doing his peculiar style of business—the wobbler being the man who will sell by any inspection and buy the same way. In order to determine matters of dispute between par- ties to a purchase or sale, Boards of Trade and Lumber- men’s Associations should have power to appoint quali- fied inspectors and graders—not that it should be im- perative that all transactions should be determined by such inspection, but that in event of a disagreement be- tween the buver and seller, such an inspector, appointed either by Government or Board of Trade or Association, might be called in to act as official arbitrator as to the grading or quality. This would in a large measure get over the difficulties occurring between our dealers here and the manufacturers ; and our friends on the other side, seeing and knowing our grades were established, would have more confidence in getting their purchases from us properly inspected here, and some who have calculated somewhat on our differences of grading to ask for large allowances, would find that we were work- ing too closely to a common line to ask for or expect any such allowances or deductions. It would also have the effect of developing trade between the two countries. One great difficulty we have always had to encounter here was this difference of grading. It is one of the reasons that has led to Saginaw, Bay City and Buffalo doing a larger trade than Collingwood, Waubaushene or In the former cities they laid themselves out to make their lumber conform to the demands of the Eastern market, and they got the business. Our dealers and manufacturers have too long tried the other line of “ How poor can we get our customers to take our lum- ber and how much can we make them pay for it.” When lumber is in brisk demand this may apparently. work all right, but when dull times come the buyer is apt to say, “These people salted me when I had to buy from them ; made me take culls and pay big prices; now I can get all I want elsewhere and get just what quality I buy. I will let these Canadians keep their stock till they want to grade it as we require it for our markets.” In that way the want of uniformity in grading tells A market becomes great or otherwise ac- OcToBER, 1895 | cording as traders find it suits their requirements. If they can get what they want, as they want it and when they want it, then there awiil be competition and an en- largement of the market ; but if they find that while there are plenty of goods, they are not put up to suit their trade, and no disposition is shown on the part of the sellers to try and put their goods up as wanted or ship them in the time wanted, the buyers are going to quit that market and it is going to decline. There is too much of the latter style about our ways of doing business, and particularly in regard to grading. Will some of the influential men in our trade take this question up and try and bring it to a satisfactory issue. If this can be done I feel it will prove of the greatest ser- vice to the lumber trade of this country. The grain trade of Canada is one of our most important industries, but I do not think that it distributes as much money to as large a number of people as does the lumber industry, and yet they havea grain standard by which all pur- chases and sales ate regulated, and it works for the benefit of both farmer and grain merchant and estab- lishes confidence in our grades among the buyers in England or the continent. Why should not the same rule work in the lumber trade? It is of national as well as of local importance, for what an army of men are dependent on lumbering operations. The railways and their employees, the vessels and their crews, are all interested in the question of whether the lumber busi- ness is brisk or dull. The uniformity of inspection will not make lines either good or bad of itself, but it will materially assist in the building up of trade. ONE INTERESTED. AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS ? le 3 automatic sprinklers with which many of the larger mills are equipped have greatly demons- ~ strated their value and the worth of the protection they give, during the year past, by stopping incipient fires be- fore they had become actual ones. They have also de- monstrated another thing, namely, that they are not good for anything, in fact are worse than nothing, be- cause they produce a false feeling of security, like a re- volver that when you need it is too rusty to turn the cylinder, or operate the hammer, unless they are kept in good, solid working order. If they are neglected, allowed to get rusty, or the apparatus working stiff and unreliably, or the water supply is allowed to get short, they cannot be expected to do their work any better than a night watchman in the same condition. Mach- ines that work automatically, that are allowed to get out of working order and are not kept fully up to their pro- per standard of efficiency, are no better than the human working machine that is allowed to run down and lose his self-respect and interest in his work and the welfare of his employer. AUSTRALIAN TIMBER. pres in far away Australia the Government is taking the care of the forests into its own hands and the colonies have each a forestry department, under the supervision of a conservator, so that the wanton destruc- tion of timber which formerly went on is not now per- mitted. Among the woods for which Australia is noted are blue gums, gray gums, memeto, mountain ash, red gum, iron bark, karri and jarrah trees, and from these are cut timber suitable for railway sleepers, bridge work, piles, wharf work and other engineering and building purposes. indestructible when exposed. They also take a very high polish and are useful for ornamental purposes. The Jarrah wood has lately been brought into prominence to’ a great extent as a timber suitable for pillng as it resists the attack of the teredo navalis. Then there are the blackwoods of Victoria and Tasmania anda cedar of New South Wales and Queensland, admirably suited for fine cabinet work. Kauri pine is said to make an excellent wood fou boat building, house fitting and many other purposes, being close grained and free from knots, which is characteristic of Australian woods in general. Quite a business has been worked up in exporting these woods to England and the continent where they are laid down at as low prices as many Sweedish, Canadian and American woods. Some of these timbers are said to be almost OcToBER, 1895 WATEROUS ENGINE COMPANY’S NEW WORKS. N Shia accompanying cut illustrates the new buildings being erected in Brantford by the Waterous Engine Works Co. Ltd. The buildings are what may be called gallery construction. The main one is 300 feet long and 120 feet wide, having a central space of 40 feet wide running to the roof, over which a traveling crane will be operated. On each side of the centre is a 40-foot space with a gallery the full length of the building. The foundry, or moulding shop, is 80 feet wide and 100 feet long, with a central space of 4o feet and two side spaces of 20 feet each ; in one of the latter the cupolas will be placed. On one side of the foundry is the pattern room or vault, separated by a solid and heavy fire wall. The power house is 40 x 60 feet, and in this building next to the main building will be the wash room of the men. The building will be large enough to contain the boilers, engine, dynamo, pumps, air compressor, etc. It was thought advisable to place the blacksmith shop, boiler shop, and main building together to avoid any long distance between them. Thus the blacksmith shop, which is 50 x 80 feet, is between the main building and the boiler shop; one wall of the main building forms one side of the blacksmith shop, and the wall between the blacksmith shop and the boiler shop forms the other wall, so the blacksmith shop, main building and boiler shop are all connected. The boiler shop 1s 87 x 120 feet. ; Lighting is done from the sides and the roof. Heating will be by the hot blast system, and for water, an excellent supply has been found on the premises. Railway tracks will enter the main building and the boiler shop, and other tracks will be laid in the yard, from which shipments can be made and material received without the need of teaming. The works when com- pleted will be capable of giving employ- ment to at least 400 men. Every care will be taken and arrangements made to insure their convenience, and to permit of handling the work to be done with the least possible labor. The company are pushing the work forward as fast as possible, and expect by the 1st of January, 1896, to be fully settled in their new premises. They have Mon CPG Tt off ch has light and spongy pores, as found only in the aspen, whose bright white color further gives it an agreeable appearance. Poplar has a gray color and is brittle ; birch wood becomes yellow and is seldom attainable in stout logs. These woods are also slow of combustion. Pine and fir woods take up little paraffin, owing to the resin they contain. In order to keep the pores as open as possible, and also to work up the wood to the greatest advantage, the aspen splint is produced by flaking. Aspen possesses the quality of being flakable toa very high degree. The flaking is done by causing a knife to revolve around a log which rotates on its own axis. The wood is divided into ribbons of the thickness and width of a match; these ribbons are laid evenly, one above the other, and cut into square splints. In consequence of the uniformity of the annual layers, . aspen wood produces perfectly homogeneous ribbons or splints. This is not the case when other kinds of wood, like fir, etc., are flaked. The absence of all structure or grain further enables aspen wood to be flaked into thin shavings, which are worked by other machines into the familiar match boxes. Just this fact that both match splints and box shavings can be produced by one mach- ine from one material calls for the employment of aspen wood. Attempts have been made to flake fir and pine woods as substitutes for aspen, but it is not known that any results of importance have been obtained. The reason why the last-mentioned woods cannot be flaked is ah Ope oP = eS Lie occupied their present site for 51 years, and although they have rebuilt, enlarged, and secured all available space, they have entirely outgrown the premises. For the past year they have been forced to run much of the time from 15 to 17 hours per © day, although employing 240 men in premises not adapted to more than 150 to 170 with comfort. . ——— ASPEN WOOD FOR MATCHES. E are nor aware that aspen has ever been employed in Canada for making matches. There is indeed no occasion to use it, pine being so plentiful, but experi- ments made in other countries show that it is particu- larly well fitted for this purpose. The manufacture of matches in Germany, which has risen to be an industry of importance, employs pine, poplar, aspen, linden and birch woods. Of these woods, aspen has proved itself indispensible in the manufacture of matches by reason ofits natural qualities and the ease with which it can be worked up. It is distinguished by its large structure, ready combustability, freedom from _ knots and uniformity of substance. The flame of a match, as is well known, is conveyed to the wood from the igniting composition of sulphur, as in the case of lucifers, into which the splints are dipped. In the case of Swedish matches the sulphur is substi- tuted by paraffin. The sulphur, where this is used, re- mains on the outside of the wood and dries at once. The paraffin, however, must penetrate into the wood, partly because the matches would otherwise stick to each other, but principally because the paraffin becomes fluid again at even low degrees of heat, and would pene- trate the igniting composition and render it useless. For safety matches, therefore, a wood is required which DUND aeee e 2 ES EnG-cos = ae ay Ts ==; ey > —se FP Watrexous Co.'s NEw WORKS, BRANTFORD, ONT. probably because of the difference in the annual rings between the spring and the fall wood—that is, between the inside ot the ring and its extreme outside the difference is too great. The fall wood is too solid, the spring wood too soft, and the annual rings are of varying thicknesses, according to the location of the tree, while, even in the case of pine, the knife is apt to slip and cut ribbons of unequal thickness. In the case of aspen wood, each ribbon is like the other, a cir- cumstance of the utmost importance for the further processes. Match manufacturers require that the aspen wood should be free from rotten pith, and, as far as possible, free from knots—free from pith, otherwise the wood can- not be fixed in the flaking machine: free from knots, because the wood round the knotsis decayed. The wood should be further straight grown and of loose texture. The aspen is available for match making as soon as the trunk has a diameter of 8 inches. The demand is greatest for trunks with a diameter of 10 to 24 inches. To attain this size a period of twenty-five to sixty years is neeessary, according to the nature of the soil, position, etc. Trunks from twenty to thirty-five years old are preferred to younger growths, for the reason that the method of manufacture produces the same amount of waste, whether the trunks be small or large. The match factories which employ aspen wood are mostly situated in Silesia, Pomerania, Schleswig-Hol- stein, Bavaria, Rhine Province, Alsace-Lorraine, Rhine THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 Palatinate, and the Duchy of Anhalt. These factories use on the whole 4,000,000 to 5,500,000 cubic feet of aspen wood, of which about 3,500,000 cubic feet are im: ported from Russia. A FEMALE REPORTER IN A SAW MILL. ATURALLY, I visited the big mill first. At the St: Paul and Tacoma Lumber Company’s Mill I found everything going to beat all. Capt. Everett Griggs, the superintendent, told me that the best way to see how lumber was manufactured would be to follow a log to the saw, then see a board cut and follow it until it was on the cars. Well, I waited until I saw a log coming up on the back porch and pulled on to what they called a deck, but which in reality was the floor. A man with the awfullest dirty hands yanked a piece of iron, and a great black iron fixing came up through the floor and hit the log a pop that knocked it clear across the mill, then it popped back out of sight. I asked.a Swede what he called it, and he said “a steam nigger.” I didn’t say anything, but I felt like asking the Swede if he saw anything green about me. I am sure the men had been posted about my coming, and just lied to me from one end of the mill to the other. They spoke about “dog” anda whole lot of things I know are not in any saw mill. Well, they got that log on to some kind of a machine, drove something into it that looked like picks, then a man pulled another piece - or iron and away went that log, and buzz—the big saw took it. Well, it wasn’t a minute before they sawed off a great big board with bark on one side of it. They run it along on rollers so fast I could hardly keep up with it. Iran nearly the whole length of the mill to catch it. Just as I caught it two men pulled it against a round saw, and when I asked them where that board would go next they smiled and said it wasn’t a board, but only a slab, and good for nothing but fire wood. I went around to what they called the pond. It was full of logs. I asked aman how much lumber they got out of a log. He said sometimes they got 24 or 22 feet. Then I asked them what they did when they came toa log witha hole mit. He said they sawed it up until they came to the hole, then run it through the scantling machine and made lath of it. Then I went to H.C. Foster’s office. When I asked him how old a tree should be before it should be cut up, he said he has issued orders to all of his millers not to cut a tree under 148 years old nor over 219. Hesaid when they were cut too young the lumber was liable to be too fresh and if cut too old much of it was bultus. That seems reasonable enough to anyone. Then I asked him what he thought of cedar. He said that whenever cedar was indigenous and grows prodigi- ous that the vivisection of them showed a longevity of them unparalleled since the days of the flood. The only trouble he had with cedar was in the tendency of the knot holes to work out and leave the knots sticking in the board. Many carpenters object to it for that reason. Again, a great many eastern carpenters fail to get their squares right angled before the spring building begins, and as a result often make bad joints and blame our lumber. I then asked him for an opinion as to what could be done in the saw mills to do away with the sawdust nuisance. He said it should be saved and a company organized to manufacture dolls. No stuffing is so cheap and valuable as sawdust for dolls.—Women’s Tacoma News. —— The Cookshire Mill Co., Sawyerville, Que., are building a small mill for cutting pulp wood. This is the only move yet made towards replacing the property de- stroyed by the late fire. Talk of building a large mill in Newfoundland to manu- facture sulphite and ground wood pulp for the European markets is renewed. Some German experts have been looking over the field during the past two months. Fy ee te ee . a} ss se mle ’ . 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OctosER, 1895 i MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy One Year, in advance .......... ces tee esas eencnenres $1.00 One Copy Six Months, in advance ............-..seeeeeeneenes 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LumMBERMAN is published in the intcr-=ts of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Domin’ », being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch cf ..1e -vu—ierce of this coun- try. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing thes> topics editorially and inviting free discus- sion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanapA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line foreach insertion. Announce- ients of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. if ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. THE CHICAGO DRAINAGE CANAL. VERYTHING relatirg to the carrying trade on the great lakes is of such importance to the lumber in- terest that we do not require to apologize for ‘referring at some length to the Chicayo drainage canal, about which so much is being said in connection with the un- precedented low water, which has and is interfering so much with navigation, and which has been attributed in a large degree to the effect of the canal. It will be remembered that the United States Govern- ment some time ago appointed a commission of engineers to inquire into the effect the canal was exerting on the water levels in the great lakes. This commission recently reported, and having been fortunate enough to secure a copy of the report from Washington, we are in a position to state how far the conjectures as to the effect of the canal on the lakes are correct, at least from the stand- point of the United States officials. The commission consisted of Brigadier General O. M. Poe, U.S. Army; Major E. H. Ruffner, Engineers’ Dept., U.S. Army, and Major W. L. Marshall, Corps of Engineers, all men well qualified, we should judge, to make an impartial inquiry. Their instructions were to consider and report upon “the probable effect of the operation of the Chicago drainage canal upon the lake and harbo1 levels, and upon the navigation of the great lakes and their connecting waterways.” They met in Chicago on the 12th of August, and in company with with the officers of the canal made a trip over the line under construction. . In the report a brief description of the (work is first given. This we may pass over, as we are concerned only with the effect of the work on the navigability of the great lakes. The commission point out that this effect can only be ascertained by a series of minute measurements and observations. These were to some extent taken after the canal was placed under contract, but further data are required before an accurate deter- mination can be arrived at.- These observations must be made at the Niagara river, the only outlet of the great lakes, supplemented by observations at the St. Clair river, where there is a considerable fall from the level of lakes Huron and Michigan. The conclusion arrived at by the commission is that the levels of the great lakes (i.e., Michigan, Huron and Erie) will be lowered by the Chicago canal. To what extent remains to be shown by future investigation. The water levels of the great lakes are very delicate. Storms, barometric changes, rain fall, and even tidal changes are felt. Records kept at Buftalo show a varia- tion of as much as 13 feet between the lowest and highest readings. A series of very careful observations is there- fore necessary to determine the effect of any one cause on the lake levels. The act authorizing the Chicago canal, and the intention of the trustees, contemplates the abstraction of 300,000 cubic feet of water per minute from Lake Michigan. This would probably permanently lower the water in the lakes three inches. But it is con- templated ultimately to enlarge the canal so as to abstract 600,000 cubic feet per minute, which would lower the lakes six inches. Mr. Johnston, assistant chief engineer, as the result of some observations made by him, thinks it may amount to seven inches. Any of these figures is enough to cause alarm to navigators. As a rule vessels carry all they can take, so as to go out of one port and into that they intend to reach. Some harbors are deep enough for them to disregard this con- sideration, but it is the rule. If the average depth is re- duced three or six inches they must load accordingly. A vessel that when light draws six feet, and loaded twelve feet, will, if the water is lowered three inches, lose three inches out of seventy two, or about four per cent. in capacity each loading; a vessel drawing twelve feet light and twenty loaded, would lose over three per cent. Should the load be reduced six inches these figures would be doubled. i The commission further point out that the effect of the canal on the inner harbour of Chicago itself, by creating a strong current, may be disastrous. With that, how- ever, we have no concern, further than that it might effect the carriage of lumber to that city by vessel to a limited dezree. What is te be done, then? —LThe commission recommend a series of close and accurate observations, and if it should be determined that the canal is going to seriously affect the navigation of the great lakes, the federal authorities at Washington must exercise their undoubted right to control what becomes not a state but a national affair, and take such steps as may be con. idered necessary to preserve the navigability of the lakes from injury. There is one aspect of the case which the United States commission has not touched, and which has a special bearing upon the lumber interest. By a lowering of the levels of the great lakes the water will be drawn more rapidly out of the streams flowing into them. A very superficial knowledge of hydraulics will make this manifest. Many of our streams on which lumbering operations are carried on have diminished in volume, or have become subject to more rapid changes from flood to low water in consequence of the draining of swamps, the clearing of the forests and other causes arising from the settlement of the country. Anything that would tend to draw off their waters more rapidly must work injury to the lumber trade. The Canadian government has appointed an engineer to inquire into the effect of the canal on Canadian interests. We would suggest that he be instructed to investigate this feature of the case. THE SPOOL BAR TRADE. PRACTICALLY all the wood used for making spools for thread, in both Great Britain and America, is cut in the forests of Maine. The wood is shipped in the form of bars, from which the spools are turned in a lathe. So great is the quantity of lumber required each year for these seemingly insignificant articles that Maine will not be able to supply it much longer. About 4,000,000 feet is consumed per annum, 2,000,000 for export and 2,000,000 tor domestic use. The business began in Maine twenty-five years ago, and the land which was cut over then is grown up with young trees, but they will not be ready to cut for twenty-five years more, as it _ takes fifty years for white birch trees to attain a growth to fit them for profitable use for the purpose indicated. Spool bars are, however, being cut in considerable quantities in New Brunswick, the character of which province is in many respects similar to that of Maine, which it adjoins. One mill has recently shipped its season’s cut to Scotland, and it is being equipped with steam power, which will enable it to make a larger out- put next year. Vast quantities of white birch are to be found on the Miramichi river, which will become avail- able. The thread-makers cannot depend much longer on Maine for their supply. There are large quantities of white birch up the Ot- tawa which should be suitable for spool bars. We are not aware that any of it has yet found its way to the market, but as the supply becomes exhausted in other places it will doubtless be turned to account, and prove a valuable asset, unless indeed the thread-makers should take to using some other material, paper for instance, for making spools. EDITORIAL NOTES. AN English paper gives the value of the wood pulp imported into Great Britain from Canada last year as $414,205. For the previous year it was only $178,255. These figures indicate a large and rapid growth and are extremely satisfactory. A further increase may be con- fidently looked for in consequence of a short supply of straw for the English mills. = ONE of the best opportunities for investment in timber lands on the Pacific coast is said to be North-Western Oregon. It is estimated there are nearly 30,000,000,000 feet of spruce, fir and cedar on the five streams emptying into Tillamook Bay. Who of our Canadian lumbeimen will go in and capture it? If it was the other way, and the timber stood on Canadian soil, we venture to say some enterprising United States lumbermen would soon have it. THE question how to dispose of sawdust has always been a difficult one with millmen, and even in steam mills, where it is used for fuel, the subject will not down, for more sawdust is produced than the ordinary furnace can burn. A new industry is being started in Ottawa, which it is hoped, will help to solve the difficulty and at the same time turn to useful account the waste product which has caused so much perplexity. A Mr. Olner has patented a process for converting the dust into fuel. What his method is has not been given out, but we pre- sume it is some plan of mixing it with tar, or other in- flammable material, and pressing it into blocks. He has associated with him Mr. John McLatchie, and a plant is being set up at the Chaudiere, where abundance of the raw material car always be obtained. The fuel will be tested on a locomotive of the C. P. R. It will be cheaper than coal, will give a quicker fire, is cleaner even than wood, and gives little smoke or ashes. It is to be hoped it will prove all that is claimed for it. Better burn the saw dust in our furnaces than allow it to fill up our streams and kill the fish. VERY little lumber is being carried through the Welland Canal this season, a condition of affairs for which the vessel owners blame the tolls which ate im- posed by the Government. The toll on lumber is 30 cents per M feet, and on coal, which the vessels count on carrying back as return cargo, 20 cents per net ton, (the vessel being paid freight on the gross or long ton.) In both cases this is considered excessive as compared with the toll on grain. Anthracite coal makes a con- venient return load for lumber carriers going to Oswego, but the toll prevents vessels taking on cargoes, and they pass through the canal light, and go either to Buffalo or an Ohio port for a cargo of coal for the upper lakes. The toll on bituminous coal going east also prevents many vessels from using the canal. The Erie canal is free and makes that route the cheaper to Oswego. Ship- pers would prefer to use the Welland Canal for lumber, as it would go through without transhipment, whereas by the Ene canal route it has to be transhipped from lake vessels to canal barges at either Buffalo or Tona- wanda, being deteriorated by the handling. Only two or three vessels are engaged in lumber carriage through the canal this season, and they belong to parties who own the lumber and have lumber yards at Ogdensburg. V2 OcroBeErR, 1895 Free canals in the United States and cheap railway rates have drawn away the traffic in lumber and coal through the Welland Canal, which seems a great pity when we consider the advantages it possesses as a means of com- munication between the great lakes. Are not canal tolls, like toll gates, an antiquated restriction on trade? The latter have been almost universally abolished. Why not also the former? It would be a boon for the lumber trade. THE much discussed question as to what constitutes dressed luinber is not settled.. Nor is it likely to be for some time, much to the loss of Canadian lumbermen who put in machinery for planing, and tonguing and grooving, under the impression that such lumber would be admitted free of duty to the United States markets. It will be remembered that certain United States customs officials held that while lumber planed on both sides might be admitted free as dressed lumber, when tongued and grooved it becomes manufactured lumber and is subject to duty. The distinction is a somewhat finely drawn one, and like many of the interpretations put on the tariff by United States customs officials is aimed to prevent Canadians having access to their markets. The matter was referred to the board of appraisers, who listened to a great deal of conflicting testimony. When they give their decision it will not end the matter, for should the question be decided against them the United States mill men will probably carry it to the federal courts. In the meantime we are shut out of the market, or have to pay the duty. A mill-owner at Gravenhurst takes a somewhat pessi- mistic view of the lumber situation in this country. He says he has never known the business to be in a worse state than itis at present. The yards are filled with lumber which cannot be sold, and there is little piling ground. The largest mill onthe Northern road is not running, as it has a two years’ stock on hand. One of the largest concerns is shipping all its good common to the United Kingdom, not only in the shape of deals, but one-inch and upward. The smaller mills, he writes, will all be wiped out. We fear our friend 1s of the lugubrious cast, and is one of that class of people who always look on the dark side. While it is true that the lumber busi- ness, like every other line, is dull, we do not think it is quite so bad as the Gravenhurst man would have us be- lieve. At all events there is a rift in the cloud, and though the sunshine of prosperity has not fully broken forth, there is a fair prospect that the clouds will soon disperse, and that the lumber trade will wear a smiling face again. Let us look on the bright side and hope for the best. Mr. R. E. Gosnell, librarian of the British Columbia provincial library, was recently in Toronto on a visit. Speaking of the outiook for lumber in the Pacific province he remarked that the foreign trade, upon which they mainly depend, has been very bad. Mill- men have, he said, actually been losing money on their operations. Though prices have not risen, foreign de- mand is improving and he looks forward to a good time coming, when the timber of British Columbia, which he describes as the finest in the world, will prove a great source of wealth. When Mr. Gosnell was here the good news had not arrived of the reduction in duty on lumber entering the colony of Victoria, Australia, or he would doubtless have been in better spirits over the outlook. But it seems to us that the British Columbians do not cultivate as they might the vast market for lumber on the treeless prairies of the northwest. It is true settle- ment has been slow of late, but the magnificent crop of _ this year must give a great impetus to immigration, and while waiting for the opening up of Australian and other far away markets, more might be done to secure trade near at hand in our own country. The old Egyptian monuments show that the saw was in use at least one thousand years B. C. THE summer meeting of the American Forestry As- sociation at Springfield, Mass., was held in a church. ‘The subjects which came up for discussion mainly re- lated to New England and New York forestry matters. UR friends in the United States contrive to mix a good deal of fun with their business operations, and when they meet in convention to deliberate on important interests, season their discussions with wit. One of the lumber organizations which recently met at Minneapolis is known as the Concatenated Order of Hoo Hoo, and has for its totem a black cat. Its chief officer is known as the Snark, and the other officeholders rejoice in such titles as Bojum, Scrivenoter, Bandersnatch, Custocatian, Arcanoper, Gurdon, etc. These names would suggest a school boy’s organization for fun, but the Hoo Hoos exist for the purpose of regulating methods in the lum- ber trade. They evidently believe in the quotation which used to adorn the title page of Grip, that the gravest man is the fool. And why should we allow the sterner duties of life to drive out all its brightness ? * * *& * FOREST fires appear to have been unusually prevalent all over the United States this season. In the state of Washington particularly the clouds of smoke are so dense as to interfere with the salmon fishing on the Columbia and with navigation on Puget Sound and streams in the interior. Considerable areas of timber have been destroyed, but fortunately there has been little loss of life. These fires do not start themselves. They are frequently the resu!t of carelessness, and they do infinite damage to the lumberman. There are strict regulations in force respecting the setting out of fires, but it is difficult to carry them into effect. Too much care cannot be exercised in this regard. x * * * Hon. Mr. Hardy, Commissioner, and Mr. Aubrey White, Deputy-Commissioner of Crown Lands for On- tario, recently paid a hurried visit to Rat Portage and points alone the north shore of Lake Superior. Mr. White informs me that the lumber trade at Rat Portage is very much depressed, with no immediate sign of re- covery. Speaking of spruce and the supply for the Sault Ste. Marie pulp mill, he told me that there were reports of a good supply up the Nipigon river, but he and Mr. Hardy failed to find it, though they were not on an exploring expedition. He thinks any spruce which is to be found in Ontario south of the height of land is small in size and scattered. Most of our spruce is to be found in Quebec and the Maritime provinces. * * & SOME idea of the demand for paper now-a-days may be formed from one fact. A large paper pulp mill has been built at the Canadian Soo, and will soon be in operation. The company, a United States one by the way, undertock to develop the water power there to the extent of 20,000 horse power, half of which they intended to use themselves and rent the other half. But after they got under way they determined to use the whole of it themselves. Yet the manager told. Mr. White, Deputy Minister of Crown Lands, that they would not be able with their extensive plant to supply the New York World alone with the paperit requires. A gentle- man from Australia recently visited the Sault and wanted to make a contract for all the pulp they could produce, which they had of course to decline. + * * ¥ ANOTHER concession has been made which will help lumbering in British Columbia. An order in council has been passed at Ottawa reducing the dues on timber cut within the railway belt ofthat province. A rebate is also allowed on manufactured lumber exported from the province to foreign countries. These concessions were the result of representations made at Ottawa of what the provincial government had done. The latter had re- duced the dues and granted a rebate on timber cut out- side the railway belt, so those holding limits within the belt felt that they were placed at a disadvantage. They represented the matter at headquarters with the result stated. It will be recollected that while the provincial government holds the crown lands in general, the Do- minion government took possession of a belt along the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, for which compen- sation was made to the province. It will be seen that unless the two governments act together injustice may be done, and the passing of this order-in-council is simply the removal of an injustice. * % * Capt. James Murray, who died at St. Catharines on the 27th ult., was a well known figure in shipping, con- tracting and lumbering circles. He possessed in a marked degree the characteristics of the Scottish race from which he sprung, and to this is due ina large de- gree the success which attended his enterprises. In 1837, when five years old, he immigrated from Argyleshire, his native place, to this country, settling with his father’s family on a farm in the county of York. Subsequently he went to St. Catharines, taking up his residence with an uncle. At sixteen he took to sailing, and in five years had reached the position of captain. Several years later he purchased a number of vessels and carried on ship- ping operations on an extensive scale, his vessels being known as among the finest on the lakes. He then took to contracting, and carried out extensive works on the Welland canal, along the lakes and on various railways. In conjunction with the firm of McArthur Bros., of To- ronto, he established the Collins Bay Rafting Co.,a well known company in the rafting and wrecking business, of which he was a director for some years. He was also president of the Casselman Lumber Co. His death was caused by an obstruction of the liver, and was quite un- expected, as he had been in his usual health up to within a few hours of his death. Capt. Murray is another ex- ample to young men of that energy and perseverance in ‘the face of difficulties which is sure to win its way in the world. % * * ¥ THE possibility of transporting timber in large rafts by sea instead of the more costly freighting by vessels or rail seems to have been settled, though it must always remain a risky business, and he who would save in freight must be prepared to take the risk of loss, which cannot but always accompany such an enterprise. Numerous attempts of the kind have ended in disaster, but several of these large rafts have recently reached their destination, and as experience teaches how to put them together so they may best resist the storms which put them to the test, shippers will be more ready to as- sume the risk of transporting timber in this way. If I mistake not, the first successful attempt to convey a raft in this manner was froma Nova Scotia port to New York. Another large raft has just been taken from the Columbia river to San Francisco. Capt. Robertson, one of the managers, made a similar attempt last year, but the raft was broken up, resulting ina loss of $40,000. Nothing discouraged, he made another attempt, and this time succeeded. The raft was put together at Stella, Oregon, and contained 7,000,000 feet. It was 525 feet long, 52 feet wide, and 30 feet deep, and drew 20 feet of water. The timber contained in it if put end to end would reach 90 miles. In shape it was like a huge cigar, having a middle girth of 139 feet, tapering to 4o feet at the ends. Over 60 tons of chain were used in binding it together. The saving in freight is esti- mated at $25,000, a sum worth taking considerable risk to save. The timber is for the use of the Southern Pacific Railway in the repair of its bridges and trestles. Instead of using a tug as has been done before, a pow- erful steamer was employed. It is in contemplation by the same parties to take a raft from Puget Sound next season. The great danger in such attempts is stormy weather, which works the chains loose and allows the timber to get out. In this last attempt it was so closely bound together that not a stick moved, and the great ocean on which it was afloat proved so true to its name, that no stormy weather was encountered. That portion of the Pacific is very open, there being no pro- tection whatever from westerly winds, and had there been a big blow the trip might not have been so success- ful. While this attempt turned out well it is hardly to be expected that such methods of conveying timber to market will ever become popular. If it could be relied on it would be a good thing for lumbermen on both of our coasts. _ = om " ee * OCTOBER, 1895 a 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN below the blade and above the beam and provided at these points with non-metallic handles, substantially as described. W) —< fA ‘¢ MODERN WOOD-WORKING MACHINERY.’’ HE above is the title-of a little work which has 2 reached the editor’s table of the CANADA LUMBER- MAN. It is one of a series on technical subjects, issued by Wm. Rider & Son, publishers of the Timber Trades Journal, London, the author being J. Stafford Ransome, Associate Member of the Institute of Civil Engineers, and the writer of works on “ Modern Labor,” “ Capital at Bay,” etc. It is really a re-publication of a former work on “ How to Select Wood-Working Machinery,” with new chapters added and the old ones thoroughly revised, as requires to be done in the newer editions of technical works, on account of the rapid developments which take place in this branch of mechanics. The general scope of the book is to point out the most suitable machines for wood-working, and the qualities to be looked for in such machines, giving instructions also how to obtain thorough knowledge of the machin- ery before rather than after purchasing. Why machin- ery fails to fulfil the expectations of its users is shown to arise from the following causes : (1) Insufficient workmen, (2) Injudicious placing, (3) Imperfect foundations, (4) Insufficient horse power, (5) A badly governing motor, (6) Prejudice against its use on the part of foreman or men. Any of these will entail serious loss to the owner of machinery, and probably there is not a wood-working factory in the country which does not suffer from one or other of them. The book contains thirty-five chapters, covering all classes of machines and motors, and has seventy-two illustrations. It must prove a most useful hand-book to all who are actively engaged in wood-working, and the price (3/6) is so low as to be within the reach of anyone. NEW CANADIAN PATENTS. METHOD OF MAKING MatcH SPLINTS. Patentee: The American Safety Head Match Com- pany, assignee of Isaac D. Weaver, both of Leba- non, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., 5th July, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—The method of making match splints, which consists in slitting a sheet or slab longitudinally and leaving a back-bone or uncut portion between the slitted portions of the sheet, and then serving each alternate splint of the sheet at the back-bone of the match card. In a machine for making match splints, a revoluble cut- ter, and a pair of vertically reciprocating cutters having chisels to sever each alternate splint from each side of the back-bone of a match card, in combination with a driving shaft which operates the reciprocating cutter, a gear-wheel, a ratchet-wheel having a rock-arm_ support- ing a pawl and a lever connected to a master gear-wheel and to said rock-arm and a suitable connection with the shaft of the revoluble cutter. WY, ee ee Sees | ers > Saw FILE. Patentee: The Arcade File Works, assignee of Alfred Weed, both of Anderson, Indiana, U.S. A., 5th July, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—The within described file having two flat faces, a, b, at an angle to each other, and with a groove at the back forming edges e, i to said faces, which edges are cut, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. CEILING oo o GILMOUR & GOMPANY ° © ° MANUFACTURERS OF WAITE PINE LGMBER Write for Prices. WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE: 20 Aberdeen Chambers Ves : ; TRENTON, Ontario, Canada. oh HARDWOOD a Spectaiby TORONTS Geo. COorrmacr: Wholesale Dealer in all kinds of G Bills cut to order. Lumber shipped to all parts | LUMBER, LATH » SHINGLES rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. WEEE S57 ON LAE To MANUFACTURERS Tie Georgian Bay Lumber 60. TAND . LATH LUMBER Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn (ttawa LUMDEF 60. WHOLESALE LUMBER, WAUBAUSHENE, ONT. Ottawa Ganada LATH, SHINCLES, ete. WWrite for Stock List IES BY MAIL KNIGHT BROS. $20.00 ~Oo—~ saNe Burk’s Falls, Ont. FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x” IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : :: : 14%, 1%, 2 and 3 inch BASSWOOD “| 2 and 2» inch ROCK ELM p>. 3in. SOFT ELM; 2in. SOFT MAPLE Write us Basen stating what you itie to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. = Buffalo, N. WV. ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. fee vILLLER | =one22 _\. wINX .| PINE, ana ie en om ames NOOPRESS Bi REDWOOD. HARDYYOOD Lumber and Logs tor Export —————_ LUMBER No. 1 BROADWAY - NBW YORK. ONE DOLLAR Will pay your subscription to the weekly and moonthiy CanaDaA LUMBERMAN Lox ONE YEAR OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO. WILLIAMS’ LINE. J. H. Williams Agent 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. NEW YORK OFFICE, 93 Wall "Street. Telephone 531 Broad. YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS AND MANUFACTURERS Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. ~ 54 South Street, NEW YORK. SCATCHERD & SON 1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N.Y... eA I ——: ROOK ito 8, 14 and 16 feet, firsts and seconds. COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.——<«—7, E: 5 ; tire TM a a” ie, wey # . io ww |) en AS re a ae | ene My = ee iV. DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman ” BELTING McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. DRY KILNS McEachren, J. D., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Woodstock, Ont. Williams, A. R., Toronto. LOG TRUCKS Bain Bros. Mfg. Co., Brantford, Ont. The Chatham Mfg. Company, Chatham, Ont. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Davidson & Hay, Toronto Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. MACHINERY Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. Darling Bros., Montreal. Drake, F. J., Belleville, Ont. Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que., Payette, J. E. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. Small & Fisher Co., Woodstock, N. B. The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams, A. R,, Toronto. SAW MANUFACTURERS Chestnut Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. { Elias & Bro., G., Buffalo N. Y. ‘ye Gi.mour & Company. Haines & Company, Buffalo, N. Y. Maitland, Rixon & Co., Owen Sound Ont. Reid Co. of Toronto, The MISCELLANEOUS Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Unt. Canada Atlantic Railway. Can. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. Dominion Leather Board Co., Montreal. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. x Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad, _ Emery Wheels, Tanite Co., Stroudsburgh, Pa, Illinois Central Railroad Co., Chicago, Ill. Injectors, Hamilton Bass Mfg. Co. Lumber Truck Wheels, Montreal Car Wheel Co. Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. Business Wisdom: The world over, in village, town or city, the succecssful business man, the man who has the money and knows how to keep it, the man with credit and tangible property, ts almost invariably the man who has been honest in his business transactions. ‘The Price .Lists that here follow will be revised each week up to the hour of going to press, and in connection with these we would draw attention to the week’s trade review under the heading of ‘‘Current Trade Conditions”’ on the first page, immediately followed with matter marked “Stocks and Prices,” which presents the lumber situation of the week, together with a record of the week's sales and transactions. PRICBS CURRENT. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, Sept. 25, 1895 CAR OR CARGO LOTS. z 1-4 in. cut up and better.......-...- 20s sees ee ee rete eee 33 00 36 00 rx1o and 12 dressing and better...........--0eeeeee eee eeeee 20 00 ’22 00 meTETM NTE 2 TUL CUI 2 as cle « w nleir ac a nine nice ie eldsise cio 16 00 17 00 TRIO ANd 12 COMMON....... 2.4 cece cece seeeceseceeeecesses 13 00 14 00 “xxro and 12 spruce culls.........0.20. eens eee eet ee erence I0 00 II 00 treet bers earnt ll eV aca samc waves aim alee nisin icine ates sce pip alnls.s' 10 00 II 00 MMrtereh Clear ANG PICKSs ....0.6. Fenn no cena eniee ce teie tance cree 28 00 32 00 " x inch dressing and better.......0:00c0.eseteeeeeeeeseeees 20 00 22 00 ~ ainch siding mill run...........----see eee e ee eeee eee e eens I4 00 I5 00 z inch siding COMMON........-.-+++e seen eens eee e rere eee 12 00 13 00 x inch siding ship culls... II 00 1200 zinch siding mill culls...........-..-.+.+000- é 9 00 10 00 M@MUscanGNE ys ccc ce sce ences an rnecscecccecnrevcenssees 8 00 9g 00 x 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank..............-...eeeeee 24 00 26 00 a inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run..........2. cesses sees I4 00 15 00 a inch strips, COMMON......--6-e cere sere cress eee ee ceeees I2 00 13 00 1 1-4 inch flooring....-.......+2e0. cece eee e ee eee eee e eens 16 00 oy 1-2 inch flooring........-.+-2ecseeeseeee 16 00 XXX shingles, 16 inch 2 30 MX shingles 16inch........6eeee cess ee cee eee eeeeceee cece I 40 Lath, No. x..-.. 2 00 SPAM yn ae sola acta ryiiclsiein nol cle tin o.r.sclwisiniswienieen tees 180 1 85 HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 tozin..$26 00 $28 00 | Cherry rt ‘1% 5000 6000 Rg “ "2% to 4.. 30 00 32 60 we 2 ‘**4.. 6000 65 00 Ash, black, 1sts and Elm, soft 1 to 14%4$14 00 $15 00 ands, 1 to 144 in ... 21 00 23 00 Pim. «Se Catal iy ct iilo olmte(olirea) sh, black, 1sts and ‘- yock 1 ‘1% 1600 18 00 ands,2to4in...... 23 00 25 00 fie, Bee a. zayod 2zhop Ash, M.R.,2 ‘ 1% 18 00 20 00 Hickory 1% ‘‘ 2..-28 00 3000 _ «o's “ 4.. 20 00 24 00} Maple t ‘* 1% 16 00 18 00 Birch, 2 “ 1% 2400 2600] 2 ‘*4.. 18.00 2000 io 4...20 00 29 00 Oak,red,p'nt ‘7% 28 00 30 00 «© — sqrs. 4x4 ‘‘ 8x8 28 00 32 00 a 2 ‘*4.,. 3000 3200 Basswood 1 “ 1% 1600 1800] ‘‘white“1 “ 1% 2800 3000 “ 1%“ 2.. 19 00: 1g 00] “ “2 %4., 3000 3500 © mr 1% 1400 1600] “quartd: “f 2.. 4800 5200 Butternut «1 “1% 23 00 25 00] Walnut 1° ‘3.. 85 00 10000 ; ee 2 ‘3.. 25 00 28 00| Whitewood1 ‘‘2.. 3200 3600 x “42/08, 2500 ~ fig “e f be CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, Sept. 25, 1895. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, Dom... esse seen te sesevees $30 00 35 00 Pine, good strips, is cs £6 (er, Sohamuarehe a RepNeaeee neues © 26 00 30 00 Pine, good shorts, oy ite SS as Nae davon aia Salemi 18 00 25 00 Pine, No. x dressing sidings, per M feet, b.m...........--+ 19 00 24 00 ’ g oT > Pine, ‘‘ strips, 8 * BST aie Bante plete etabie 17 00 20 00 Pine. “ec ee shorts. ce “ “ ees 2 Pine, ro s.c. and better stock, “* s ne Pine, 8 s.c. “ee “e ae “ ce “ Pine, ‘* sidings tf & £ Pine, ‘© strips if i! ™ Pine ‘« ‘shorts ee se LY ; es Pine, box culls ie ee er Pine mill culls uy Lath per M.......ccsedee iden ne sen eeerecesee tanner eenere “cc ce 6c QUEBEC, QUE. QueEBEc, Sept. 25, 1895. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. cts. For inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured Off.....s0escseenede Tid aauniga ele somtasiad cache 16 @ 22 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 20 26 For good and good fair average, “ us < rs “wge 3a For superior af Ly s ES fe a2 40 In shipping order 6 As ah as 36" 42 Waney board, 18 to 19 inch ae ee a eA RO STaG Nw Lae Waney board, 19 to 21 inch i Ke rd re 38 45 RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality.......-.+.++++-+ 14 22 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “ ee AA arey tocar 22 30 OAK-——MICHIGAN AND OHIO, By the dram, according to average andquality. .. . +40 49 . ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 to 50 feet. .30 32 y F 6 ie "30 togs feet. . 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . +22 30 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality . shan! hag TAMARAC. Square, according to sizeand quality. ..... - SET) ae Flatted, pb sf SOR tie crane eat >; E STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp’cfct’n—nominal . $330 $350 W. O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality. . go 100 DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for 1st, $78 to $82 for and, and $40 to $43 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 $43 for 1st, $27 to $28 - for and, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $23 for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau. SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., Sept. 25, 1895. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, 1 in., 10 in. and up Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $38. 00 wide....... eteneneness 45 00 14%, 1% and2in........... 40 00 14%, 14and 2in..........- 45.00 | 2% and 3 1M.......-...060s 45 00 20% and 3 IMs... ..-20ce0s BOON] 4 AN. cia obese aie mele aml mien 50 00 ALIA ee ice dak eset nae ciaistals 55 90 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 2% and 3in., 8in. and up wide 40 00 rie Ate ers Ole-uisGresaree no 35. 00 Afilan wap mr Qala ea se eke 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO. I CUTTING. 4 rin., 7in. and up wide...... 25 oo | 2% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 35 00 Tops VAMC 2 RIL a hael ehaseta eee Potreres| Wy Wisin oO aeeor Ore Jerr ie ner 38 oo STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). tf in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00| rin., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 Geese WAGES iaisteceis sa eceine ete Rta 96.:00))||.6)1n. Wide: -4....% sien mmieeciges 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. 14 in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide...... go o0,|"r ins; Gin. WIdEs 21s ase seis 30 00 TMU, 5 45 5 AN AWA Genie ote ce eee ee 28 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. Tin. 4.5) Ol Wide. . 1. 24 00| 1 in., 4,5, 6 in. wide........ 23 00 __NO. 1 FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. zin., 4,5 and 7in.....-.... 17 00 | rin., 4,5 and 7in........... I7 00 DAM, OM. we. veces cre tne ces 18 00 | Din,, 61M... . 22. «searsooe Soe NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. rin., 4,5and7in........... 1400|/14in., 4to My... Hewat I4 00 SATs y(/O2 MIs arn sani ecel ate wren te a 14 50| No. 3 fencing, 1 in., 6in..... 13 00 SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in., ro in. stocks.... 25 oo | No.2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 rin., ro in, and up wide... 26 oo tin., roin. stocks......... 21 00 rin., 12 in, stocks........- 29 oo| 1 in., 12 in, stocks......... 24 00 1 in., 12 in, and up wide... 30 00 1 in., 10 in. and up wide... 22 00 rin. 1% and 2in., 8in. and rin., 13 in. and up wide... 25 00 Up WUE are eieiere sete raat 29 00 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS. No. 1, 12 iM.....-esseeeeeees 29 00 | No. 2,9 in....... teeta aieral (riche I4 00 TOU... 15. sense ee eee es 17 50 Band 7 in.....---e- esse ee 14 00 QULBs = <\» ajetge etal otalals inte aot 17 50 | No. 3, 12 M,.-..- esse ee eee I3 00 MON pies eles «hee 12 00 QI... eae vee eee e ee ee cee 12 00 BALL cl atnjats Is ore atric ats lores eae 12 00 SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. rin., 4 and 5 in. wide....... $1x0 00 | rin., 13 in, and up wide..... $12 00 rin., 6in. wide......... .. Ir 00) 14, 1% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1 in., 7 in. wide and up...... IT 00 | UP Wide. sea ane omens oucste I2 00 SHAKY CLEAR. rin., 3, 4,5, 7,8 and gin. wide 17 00 | 1 in., ro in. and up wide..... 17 00 SADA: gO) 2. (WKCLe tars! bela leet 17 00 | 1, 1¥ and 2 in., 8in. and up S10 CRIMI) oy Stam I7 00 COFFIN BOARDS. No. 1, 1 in., 13in. and up.... 20 oo | No. 1, millculls............. 9 00 NO. Barssaraete «pie otto ie el stbels wrennye 17 00 | No. 2, or red horse........-- 7 00 BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED. Extra clear (perfect)........- SAUCO! | |IN CL 2 aaic)e,chchels alsa areata eto Ig 00 No. x (nearly clear). .......- Coie Seni ENING fis rein ike ste» Momence ie ee 16 00 TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.§ 8 50 | Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, I2 to Ce ie | PRR OI cto Io 50 TG Peete os Shas Tere Eee 8 00 Jott | SRE ets Ie eee Ir 50 BREE «alse Mae aj0 en a a en 8 50 aa and 24 ttc oda age ese ete 12 50 | Add $x to each additional aft. in length. SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX...... . 3 20 | Standard brands, river made, Clear Butts.......- o jue ee 2 00 5, ©, OO. CORN cei, an cic e855 (Clear IBU hts rere « «iatss/ain acento ues WHITE PINE LATH. No. teeeeeeeeeees seenenedeues Drie WIS OR CE pee bodneeee sctiok civiass) eee : Hemlock’. .:s-ciete «ss stenia Rsteranein I 25 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. Tonawanpa N. Y., Sept 25, 1895. a WHITE PINE. — kn aaa No..3, 1% tozin... 16 00 17 00 — - 50 00 | Shelvin Z, No. 1, 13 in oo in 2% and 3 in. 53 00 and up, x in 31 00@33 00 4 Thin ots) 56 oo| Dressing, 1% in. 25 00 2600 Selects, rin. .... 39 00 26 00 14% to2 in 42 00 ||) “230 Ahay ate ese 25 00 2% and 3 in [aCe 3-> | Wale fe CIR rie See 28 00 4 1n 52 00| Mold st’ps, 1 to 2in.. 35 00 Fine common, 1 in... 35 00 37 00| Barn, No. 1, roand 12 tehe 1% and 1% Wiha ate 37 00 38 00 Macrae 23 00 2 in 6 and 8 in...... ame 22 00 3 in No. 2, 10 and 12 in. 17 00 4 No. 3, 10 and r2in. 16-00 — Cut’ in. 15 Soe 18°00. 1% ae Wise, wind. vemine No. & iim 22 00 23 00 See ae x NEW YORK CITY. pe Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of rendering it useless to give prices for local market. : Bridge timber....... $28 00 @ 40 00 Decking............ 44 00 New York, N. Y., Sept. 7 WHITE PINE LUMBER ~— - Ie. a 195. e. WHITE PINE TIMBER. : | Building orders.....$26 00 50 00 HEMLOCK. SPRUCE. Sa iene 13 00 14 00| 10toxr2in.... Halzdti adamantane 74.50: T5250) Lathe. «oo ee eeee wee 15 50 15 75 BOSTON, MASS. : Boston, Sept. 2 ; EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD, 5 Ordinary planed 4 inch: |. woes 92 hoaEdsi.s 5 eee . $rx 50 12 00 11-16 inch.... Coarse No. §:..:..2 I5 00 16 00 S4inch. sae Reehiseiy cgi itras 13.00 13 20| Clapboards, sap ext.. Oust. ee ec 9 00 Sap'clear.. 4oseeens Boxboards,1 inch... 10 75 11 00] Sap, 2ndclear.... 32-00 Ge inchicarte sue yeas 975 1000 oO. saa cleraaly Sia : WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. ; Uppers, 1 in........$50 00@52 oo | Fine com., 3 and 4 in4 14,1 and 2 in.. 52 00 53 0o| No. 2,1 in, Finecom. 2 giand 41M...)....... 58 00 6000] 1%, 144 and 2in... Selects, 1 in......... 43 00 45 00} No. x strips, 4 to 6 in. 14%, 1% and 2 in.. 45 00 47 00| No. 2..,.....5.-2 3 and 4 in......... 5 57 00 NOs 3 pene eee Moulding boards, 7 to Cut ups, x to 2 in.... Tz us cleaves. neon 35 00 37 00| Coffin boards........ 15 60 per cent. clear... 32 00 34 oo | Common all widths... Fine common, rin.... 40 00 42 00 | Shipping culls, x i1 14%, 1% and 2in... 40 00 41 00 “do, sag SHINGLES. a oa > Borulteen st cided: Pate I 30 1 50 | Second Clear.......... t 75 ) Cedar, extrasecssecsre 250 275 | Extra No. If-ce-eoer ae : . ALS ccgael tee pounioe 225 250 Min tt be ket awe te ee sled 50 52 TtO2iIM........ sees eevee 45 48 RS eae UPPELS .. 252 eee cee 50 52 | x10-in. dressing anc elects, 2% in. up.....-.... 40 42| 10-in. common....... i Conatin pee cere 36 40 | 12-in. dressing and Fine common, 2% in. and up 38 40 | Common, rxir.. To's Wiens siamese see ame 34 38] No. x barn, rxr2. Ne. x cut, x to 2inch.-2.. 2: 25 35 EXTO™ cee TN Oia ares oe atc 7 aie '= mera 18 25 Mies et aalnssc ape ee 17 20| No.2 No. 1 molding, 1 to2in..... 33. 36 IXIo. No, 2 molding, 1 to 2in..... 25 28 8S: ake Sees Stained Sapien ote © IX5 INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, No. rculls.. 16 00 4 6,7 or 8, No.2 culls.. 14 00 15 seuss 2000 25 00 "SHINGLES. a, 4 - 360 375| XXX, 18in. cedar.. . 3 40 ; 6s 275 Clear butt, 18 in. cedar. 2 40 Zz rs 3 10| XX, 18in. cedar ....175 200 5 00 at, . LATH. spores Re BING Joe, Sey os sees «se em T SO « Ocroper, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN u a THE NEWS. —Montana’s first house is still inhabited. —C. A. Price will erect a planing mill at Aylmer, Ont. —The Sayward Saw Mill Co., Victoria, B. C., will shortly put in a band mill, —Arthur MacGregor has started a sash and door factory at Middleton, N. S. : —Miller Bros. & Co,, of Glen Miller, Ont., are putting another machine into their pulp mill. —All the spool bars sawed at Richards’ mill, Boiestown. N.B., have been shipped to Scotland. —T. C. Dawson is offering his 44 horse power saw mill at Ren- frew, Ont., for sale. Failing health is the reason. —T. B. Caldwell, of Lanark, has bought the eight mile Russell limit at Trout Lake and will build a saw mill at Lanark. —Thos. Pink, Pembroke, has put in machinery to make handles for lumbering tools. Its capacity is 400 handles per day. —Messrs. Gilmour & Hughson’s sawmills at Chelsea have closed down for the season, as the supply of saw logs is exhausted. —In the Deseronto cedar mill 1,000 railroad ties, 20,000 to 27,- 000 feet of lumber and 70,000 to 80,000 shingles, are manufactured every day. —F, P. Buck, liquidator of the Royal Pulp and Paper Co., of East Angus, Que., has declared a first and final dividend of sixty- eight per cent. —The Gatineau shanties are filling up rapidly, Messrs. Gilmour, Hughson and Edwards have sent large numbers of choppers to the woods. —The Royal Paper Mills company have commenced work on their new saw mill at Angus. It is said that the new mill will cost over $10,009. —Messrs. McAuly & Bolter, of Lower Millstream, Kings Cor N. S., who were burned out some time ago, have their new mill almost ready for running. —Mr. John McAdam, of Woodstock, N.B., has purchased for his new mill a superior engine and circular sawing machine, and will soon be at work again. —The timber from which the masts of the yachts Valkyrie and Defender were made was cut in Washington territory. It was the best description of Douglas fir. —Ald. John McGoldrick has purchased Messrs. Cowan and Mc- Ginty’s mill near Indiantown, N.B, He will remove the machin- ery and boilers and pull it down. —Messrs, Goggin, of Penobsquis, N.B., will start their steam mill in a few days. They have several hundred thousand feet to saw. This is the old Freeze mill. —A quantity of good waney timber in the government boom at the mouth ofthe Gatineau refutes the statement of some lumbermen that no good timber.remains on that river, Ernest Hutchinson has purchased from the St. Stephen bank the Todd lands on the Miramichi, There are three tracts, mak- ing in all 25,000 acres of good spruce land. The price paid was $1.75 an acre. —Regarding the prospects of Canadian trade in Australia, Com- missioner Larke writes to the Department of Trade and Com- merce that the saw-mill machinery of the colony is out of date and must soon be replaced. —It is expected the new wood pulp mill at Eddy’s will be ready in about a month. It will have four grinders and an output ca- pacity of ten tons per day. The delay in completing it was caused by the breaking of some of the machinery on its way from the factory. —Mr. J. F. Hamilton’s new band saw mill, at Strait Shore, N. B., isin operation, The band saw has a speed of 10,000 feet a minute, and the mill will cut 2,000 feet per day for every man employed, At present there are 26 men. The machinery came from Ontario. —The first shipment of lumber ever made from Fort William, Lake Superior, to Chicago, was recently sentto D. S. Pate & Co It consisted of 654,000 feet, 354,000 of which was from the mills of Graham, Horne & Co., Fort William, and 310,000 from the On- tario & Western Co., Rat Portage. _The Holland-Emory Company have sold part of the Township of Brown, with the mill at Byng Inlet, to the Byng Inlet Lumber Co., who are now operating the mill. At present they are cutting shingles, of which the mill's capacity is two hundred thousand per day. They intend taking out a stock of logs for lumber during the winter. : —The men working at Munro & Gordon’s camp at Pogamasing had a somewhat unusual and dangerous experience during a recent storm, Lightning struck a rock near where they were working, knocking down fifteen of the men and three span of horses. The men escaped without serious injury, but two of the horses were badly stunned. —James Wynard Steinhoft, David Alexander Gordon, Edward Kelley, all of Wallaceburg, Ont; Joseph Atkins, of Cashmere, and Issac Unsworth, of Florence, Ont., are applying for incorpor- ationas ‘‘ The Cashmere Manufacturing Co.,” to manufacture staves, hoops and lumber, at Cashmere and Wallaceburg, with a capital of $20,000. —A New York lumbering firm talks of operating limits some 150 miles above Lake Temiscamingue on what is known as the Grand Lake, Victoria region. They are about three hundred square miles in extent, and are farther up the Ottawa than any lumber has yet been cut, The river is not improved above the Quinze, and it would be with great difficulty that logs could be brought down, —The tug Metorama, while towing a raft of logs containing over 3,000,000 feet belonging to Mr, Hill, of Michigan, from Wau- buno Island, in the South Channel, to Playfair’s saw mill at Mid- land, was caught in the gale of Sunday night, 15th Sept., and had to let them go. Thev were driven ashore at Sandey Island, but the boom did not break and they were recovered without much damage. —The Middleton, N. S., box factory has shipped this summer 10,000 pairs of barrel heads, of which the largest huyers were F. C. Anderson of Kingston, who took 3,000, and W. E. Palfrey of Lawrencetown, 2,000 pairs. Nearly 1,000 strawherry crates, 40,000 baskets, and stock for 90,000 baskets have also been sold during the past three months. Twenty cars of lumber have been received during that time. —The mill property at Bathurst, owned by the St. Lawrence Lumber Co., has been sold by R. L, Allport, the representative of the trustee of the English bondholders, to the Sumner Company of Moncton for $29,000, The property consists of a saw mill, 240 square miles of timber lands, stores, etc,, and some 6,000 acres of wilderness land. The Bersimis property is yet to be disposed of. It includes some 780 square miles of timber lands, a mill, a number of shops, bouses, etc. —J. W. Munro, contractor, of Pembroke, and D. O'Connor of Sudbury, have purchased the timber limits known as the town- ship of Broder, about four miles south of Sudbury, ‘The latter has also received a contract from Messrs. Booth & Gordon for cutting about six million feet in the township of Neelon. This will be sawn at McCormack’s mill, which will be kept busy fully two years. This means an expenditure of nearly $35,000 yearly in Sudbury, Mr. O’Connor has now in h’s employ thirty-five men in the woods and thirty at the saw mill. —The St. Anthony Lumber Company, which has recently con- structed large steam mills at Whitney on the line of the Ottawa, Arnprior, and Parry Sound, have started work. The mill pro- per 1s 207 feet long by 80 feet wide, with a shingle and lath mill attached 48x50 feet, and storing shed 32x270 feet. The capacity is 250,000 feet a day, supplied by three band saws and one gang saw. Motive power for running the mill is supplied by a Corliss engine of 700 horse power. Sawdust belts carry a continuous supply of sawdust to the furnace. — CASUALTIES. —A lad named McAfee lost three fingers in Stetson’s stave mill at Indiantown, N. S. —A young man named Wm. Thompson was killed in one of the saw mills at Warren, Algoma district, last week. —Harry Cowan, a clerk in Barker's mill at Randolph, N. S., had one of his hands severly injured in the machinery. —Wm. Clement, an employee of the saw mill at Palliser, B. C., was killed by a freight train on the C, P. R. a few days ago. —Frank Verdie, formeman of the Shawnigan Lake Lumber Company’s camp, B. C,, had both legs badly crushed a few days ago. —James Gibertson was killed in Parter’s saw mill at Perth, N. B., afortnightago. While holding a piece of scantling on the planer, it was caught by the belt and thrown against him, in- juring him internally. He lived only half an hour. While a party of some forty lumbermen were on their way from Montreal to Peterboro, to work tor J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fene- lon Falls, they became somewhat hilarious as the result of too much fire-water, and at Cornwall one of them drove his head through a pane of glass in the car window, cutting his throat so badly that he had to be left behind for medical treatment. PERSONAL. Mr, J, Burstall, of Quebec, has returned from England by the Numidian. Mr, James McDonald, of Halifax, has been appointed timber and tie inspector for the Coast Railway Co. Mr. John Wilson, president of the Brunette Saw Mills Co., New Westminster, B. C., is on a visit to Ottawa and eastern points. J. A. McRae, lumber merchant, Niagara Falls, Ont., is in Winnipeg. He is interested in the Ontario and Western Lumber company, and will remain some time in the west. Mr, Peter McKay , deputy reeve of Tuckersmith, who has pur chased a tract of land in Algoma, is about to go to that district to build a saw mill. His brother will accompany him. Mr. Margach, crown timber agent at Rat Portage, accompanied by General Wilkinson, Mr. Geo. Drewry, and Mr. W. G. Cameron have been on a Successful fishing tour to Bass Lake. The lakes in that neighborhood are being stocked with bass in accordance with arrangements made by the Ontario and Dominion Govern ments. ‘ ow ae °* “ wae Loe eee oe Pare eee) FORESTRY IN NORWAY. eae forest area of Norway is 19,288,626 acres, of which 2,314,635 acres are crown lands, 537,659 be- longing to municipal institutions, leaving under private ownership 16,395,322 acres. The percent. of the area of Norway covered by forest figures at 24.53. This is only equaled in Europe by Sweden, Russia, Austria and Germany. Norway, with under to acres per head in forest area, supplies her own wants and hasa net export of $4.10 per head. The forest wealth of Norway has for a long time been steadily declining. Since 1866 the Government has bought about 100,000 acres of woodland in different sections of the country, but the aggregate forest land of Norway has diminished in an equal ratio by the de- struction of private woods. The value of public and communal forests is estimated at $4,000,000, and they occupy only 12% per cent, of the aggregate forest ground of the country. In Sweden the public forest amount to 16 per cent., in Bavaria 51 per cent., in Baden 70 per cent., in Prussia 68 per cent., and in France 35% per cent., the total forest land. A royal commission was appointed as long ago as 1874 to examine the condition of private forests and the general wood supply of the country, and their report was quite alarming. It was estimated that the five southern provinces of Norway, which together embrace about 17,000,000 acres, consumed in 1875 401,000,000 cubic feet of wood, while the reproduction did not exceed 293,- 000,000 cubic feet, which gave a years deficit of 108,000,- 000 cubic feet. Forty years earlier forest statistics re corded a fair surplus of production over consumption, and in 1855 there was nearly a balance. The commis- sion stated that the yearly loss, already so large, must increase every year, while the government has no longer any means to arrest the destruction of the forests. The extensive purchase of private forest by the Government was recommended, although the commission did not expect great results from the adoption of this measure alone. The spread of knowledge of rational forestry can have but a limited influence, although the Government has now established a few forest schools in different parts of the coentry. The only means of pro- tection now left will be a law restricting the disposal of forest property by the private owners, and forbidding the destruction of young forest trees. Such a law al- ready exists in France, Italy, Germany and Switzer- land, and to acertain extent in Sweden. Its adoption in Norway was, in fact, proposed in 1882 by the govern- ment, but since then no further steps have been taken in the matter, public sentiment being much opposed to the projected restrictions. The legislature finally took the matter in hand in 1889, and there are now many who urge immediate adoption of measures for preserving at least a part of the forests which still form an important factor of the national wealth and the principal resource of a large tract of the country. The forests have lately suffered the loss of many young trees of small dimensions, cut down either for exportation or for pulp manufacture at the domestic mills. The so-called cellulose wood, prepared from small trees and cut very short, to escape the export duty on wood, is at present in good demand in foreign markets, and is stimulating its destruction in Norway, Great Britain takes about two-thirds of the exports of Norwegian forest products. Australia also takes a large product, while the Cape of Good Hope and Port Natal have already doubled their consumption of Not- wegian lumber, and at remunerative prices. The pulp-wood business is developing into laige di- mensions in Norway. The export of wood pulp rose from 8,540 tons in 1875 to 26,055 tons in 1880, and 90,781 tons in 1895. The quantity of the exported timber was smaller in 1885 than in any of the previous five years, and was less by 49,000 registered tons than the average exports for the years 1881-5. The export of sawed and planed lumber have during the last years generally been somewhat over 480,000 registered tons, after having reached 502,000 tons in 1882, the largest quantity ex- ported since 1873 and 1874, when it rose to 570,000 and 550,000 registered tons respectively. The exports of hewn timber have steadily declined, and amounted in 1885 to not much more than one-half of the average ex- ports of the year 1875-80, and to one-third of the average exports of 1871-75. Also the shipping and mining tim- ber and pit props were smaller than in the years im- mediately preceding. 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Y > J.” S. PA RIM Bho. Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. MCEACHREN'S IMPROVED SYSIEN OF KCN. DRING OST of erecting, running and maintaining the lowest and results the highest of any dry kiln and drying system in the market. Green Elm, Ash, Whitewood, &c., for furniture dried in six days; only exhaust steam 10 hours per day used. NO CHECKING, WARPING OR CASE-HARDENING. TRE MPEAGHREN EATING & VENUILATING Gf. Galt, ree Ocroser, 1895 a THE GHATHAAM GIANT LOG TRUGK ie aie be self-evident that our GIANT ARM loa TRUCKS, 4 of which the above is a faithful illustration, is the best log truck made; but if conclusive evidence of this is wanted we refer to every mill man and lumberman in the county of Essex, Ont., where millions upon millions of Elm logs are gotten out every year on them, and where these trucks sell readily, while those of other makes remain unsold at $5 to $10 less. ‘' THE CHATHAM GIANT LOG AND LUMBER TRUCK As seen above it is a Lumber Truck, but it is quickly converted into a Log Truck by bunks which are grooved at the ends to receive the stakes and slip down between them, and are perforated for side or lug poles. We build these trucks in all sizes from 234 to 4 ineh Malleable Giant Arms. Farmers all over are extensively adopting the lighter sizes as general - ei ie wagons. In reference to above trucks we would eall the attention of the reader to the accompanying illustration of VANALLEN’S PATENT GIANT ARM with which they are equip- ped. It will be seen that the hind bolster and sand-board are form- ed to rest upon the flat top of this arm, and being securely elipped to the axles forms a complete and ~~ solid truss and render the axles unbreakable and inflexible. Our Malleable Giant Arm farm and teaming Wagons have no equals on this continent, of which the judges on vehicles at the World’s Fair, Chicago, ct us an unqualified certificate in the shape of a GOLD MEDAL AND DIP- GORRESPONDENGE SOLIGITED The Ghatham Mid. 60. Ltd. CHATHAM, ON THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 2 ; bi, Jae N QO & fy | - w LE z | Ope: ABBY | | Ee rc H c EAN )elaion!) Jy) & LMSC 10,090 feet, and will be fitted with modern equipments i# Sons, Black Point, Restigouche, N. S., WEEKLY EDITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages } $100 PER YEAR {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. VoL. I. TORONTO, ONT., OGTOBER 30, 1895 No. 43 (CANADA [,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY C. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building TORONTO. Branch Office : New York Lire Insurance BvuILpINnG, ~ MONTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber produccs at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 2o-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent_to the lumber and wood-working industries. ntains iaterviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. & Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of r5 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and isset in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue FOR SALE NE MILLION CULL PINE 18 SHINGLES forsale. Price to suit the times. J. W. Howry & Sons, Fenelon Falls. Pek SALE. 48 million feet white pine timber, 12 inches and up. 7 million feet red pine timber, 11 inches and up. 13% million feet tamarac timber. 1% million feet of spruce timber. 10,000 tamarac tie timber. 50,000 cedar tie timber. — 65,000 cords spruce pulp wood timber. comprising 100 square miles on a tributary of the Ot- - tawa river, good water, Province of Quebec, at $110,- ooo. Terms to suit purchaser. Apply to Box 257, Sudbury, Ontario. —— FIRES. The lumber and saw mill of Desy & La- couture, Sorel, Que., has been destroyed by fire. The steam saw mill of Post & Henderson, awell-known Oswego firm, near Jayville, N.Y., valued at $20,000, and employing 100 men, has been burned. No insurance. The sawmill of Messrs George Dutch & was burned a few days ago; no insurance. The firm will rebuild on a more extensive scale. The planing mill of S. S. Cooper, at Clin- ton, Ont., was completely destroyed by fire last Friday. A quantity of finished stuff was also burned. The workmen lost their tools. ‘Loss $6,000. Insurance $2,000. Mr. Cooper will rebuild at once. The new building will be brick and will be ready for work about Christmas. FOR SALE. Planing Mill AND LUMBER HE ENTIRE PLANT OF E. & B. HOLMES, on Michigan street, this city, consisting of the machinery of complete Planing Mill and Sash, Blind and Door Factory, everything up to ‘date and in good running order. A vety low figure will be made to a quick purchaser, in order to close out the business immediately. Also n the same connection, 6,000,000 feet of Dry Lumber, located at Buffalo where shipping and handling facili- , ties are of the best. Also 20 horses and a number of waggons, making a complete outfit for a live lumber- man. Willsell mill and lumber together or separate, but best figures will be given to a purchaser of the whole CE as this property MUST BE SOLD AT Address or callon WALTER P. COOKE, Assignee, 107 White Bldg., Buffalo, N. Y. SUPERVISOR OF CULLERS’ OFFICE. Comparative statement of timber, masts, bowsprits, spars, staves, &c., measured and culled at Quebec up to 22 Oct., 1895 : 1893- 1894. 1895 Waney White F : IN€......- 2,460,441 2,249,028 2,658,882 White Pine.. x 120,697 838, 68 273,771 Red Pine.... 303,391 59,053 108,601 Oak... +. 1,150,087 1,256,890 1,005,906 Elm 5733979 439,201 590,137 Ashing. «2 158,285 183,626 349,077 BASSWOOd scan, 0 cctiglesisl ualeise st 659 Butternut... 392 276 642 Tamarac.... 407 393 554 Birch & Maple 140,909 133,658 240,818 Masts & Bow- BnienC oes DrObonete§ | ~uogooecd — 8 | 4oucerCbn Spars... 0.0. —pieces —pieces —pieces Std. Staves... 0.5:2.2E © sesensee wen eeeee Wie a Stavesin: 2806,q.20.2 8) Pe uicleiteined | | Wy esteiererejeie’» Brie Stavessns 1 \Fiecstae Adela, | Oe cansine The business of the Sehl-Hastie-Erskine Furniture Co., Ltd., Victoria, B, C., has been placed under the management of W. E Mc- Cormick by the mortgagees, the Bank of British Columbia. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. THE condition of the market continues quiet and there is not the movement that shippers have been looking forward to for some time. From eastern Ontario we learn that there is a fair demand for thin lumber and there have been considerable sales of deck plank at good prices, but dimension timber is very slow in moving and few inquiries. Prices for building material, such as joists, etc., show a ten- dency to decline, and more activity in building is wanted to bring them up. In the west there is not much doing. Pine is inactive, but for hardwood there is a little better demand. Still stocks are moving slowly and prices are unsatisfac- tory. The shingle market is particularly dull. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Lumbermen in the New England States who visit Boston are disposed to re- strict their operations the coming winter, which, if carried out, will be all the bet- ter for the eastern province spruce men. A curtailment of the supply should bring up prices, and a stiffening must also re- sult from the fact that such large quanti- ties of logs have been hung up in the streams by the low water. Those who have stocks on hand should be able to sell to so much better advantage. Ad- vices from Boston tell us that the spruce market is*looking up. Dealers say they can get better prices than during the days of the association, Spruce clap- boards are in good request, and those who hold them want $2 more than formerly. Scantling is also looking up. The good weather is giving a stimulus to building at Boston and other eastern cities, which all means a better demand for the spruce we possess. Unfortunately the low water on the St. John, and St. Croix, especially the latter, has seriously interfered with the output. But operations promise to be fairly active the coming winter and pulp wood will be in good demand. BRITISH COLUMBIA. The prospect in British Columbia for the coming season is good. Cash sales of goods in the retail trade have increased 20 per cent. inthe past three months, showing that money is plentiful. Mining is being vigorously prosecuted and cap- italists are securing timber lands and ar- ranging to build mills to manufacture the lumber. One of the most important sales recorded is that of 140,000 acres, with a water front of 65 miles, on Takush Har- bor, Smith’s Sound, to a London syndi- cate, the consideration being some £90,- ooo. This sale has been under negotia- tion for over two years. There is some 400,000,000 feet of lumber on it, three- fourths of which is the celebrated yellow cypress. By this deal six Vancouver citizens divide $135,000 among them, be- sides retaining an interest in the limits. At last reports six vessels were loading lumber at B. C. ports for foreign. Few charters are reported and freight rates are on the decline. From B. C. or Puget Sound they are now as follows: Val- paraiso for orders, 37s 6d; Sydney, 32s 6d; Melbourne, 40s; Port Pirie, 38s 9d; United ‘Kingdom, calling at Cork for orders, 67s 6d to 70s; nominal, Shanghai, 45s; Tient- sin 558; South Africa, 62s 6d. UNITED STATES. Australia was once the best customer the Pacific coast had for its lumber, but ‘the depression of the past few years checked business. It looks as if it was coming back. That country must import her lumber and she has nowhere to look - but to Scandinavia and the Pacific coast. The latter is the more favorable point. Late shipmenss from San Francisco in- dicate that it is regarded as such. The export trade of the west coast is increas- ing rapidly. In the Mississippi Valley business is improving. The white pine trade promises to foot up well for October, better in fact than for any previous month this year. Grain has been selling freely and the farmers are buying lumber with the money so obtained. About Minneapolis, dealers are not pushing business, as they look forward to good demand and bet- ter prices in the spring. At the head of the lakes things are quiet. Buyers are few. High freight rates prevent shipments. In the northern pineries operations are well under way for getting out the winter’s supply of logs. Yellow pine men in the west are busy. Prices are firm. At Chi- cago the volume of trade is good but prices are unsatisfactory. Stocks are getting down. The demand for cars to carry grain, and stormy weather on the lakes, has interfered with shipments. In Michigan, trade is fair but -not large. There is likely to be a reduction in the amount of logs taken out the coming winter. A number of heavy failures in the Saginaw Valley has had a depressing effect on business. In the south there is little change to report from last week. At Buffalo a good fall trade is going on but it is thought there will not be much more stock required. High grade lumber sells — well, but there is too much of the poorer qualities and it is not in demand. At Al- St On) mei: nt oe he pe Tees. LN r a ee No) : vt % SOIL Fe a ae ears ee TAS ae bany and east, business is steady and pro- spects encouraging. One of the unfavor- able symptons of the fall trade is the slow- ness with which lumber is being received. Buying for present wants seems to be the rule. Any substantial increase in prices is not looked for for months. There is a fair demand for spruce in the east. lock is in great demand at Buflalo, but prices have not advanced as was expected. Hardwood is in fair demand everywhere. Oak holds the lead. The demand is con- tinuous and prices strong. On the whole, trade for the week has been good through- out the United States, movements of lum- ber considerable in volume, but prices are not up to a satisfactory point. The pros- pect for November is that there will be a fair demand until cold weather stops consumption. FOREIGN. The condition of the lumber trade in Great Britain is looking up. The whole- sale market 1s quiet, owing largely to the difficulty of getting tonnage and the high rates demanded by ship brokers, but this check has quieted the fears of importers lest over consignments might bring down prices. Recent public sales have shown a firmness that speaks well for the future. At the various trade centres a brisk de- mand for local consumption is reported. Stocks in battens and floorings in Lon- don are getting low, also in weather- boards, which should advance in price, Inch boards are in demand. A recent sale included some heavy lines in deals, pine and spruce. Some 12/13 ft. 3x11 1st " pinefrom Botwoodville, made £21 5s, 2nds 415 and 3rds £9 to £9 Ios.; 1st under- sized brought £15 Ios.; Ist, £11 §s.. to Alt tos.; and 3rds, £8 5s. A lot of 12/13 ft. 3x11 Ist pine from Quebec, failed to obtain an equal price to the Botwood- ville goods, although the undersized wood did better. A Metis cargo ex Lydia did very well, the 3x11 Ist pine fetching £20 1os, and the second quality £15 Ios.,a large line of 3x11 4th pine ex Montezuma falling at £7 15s. with the exception of two lots which made £7 10s. The 3x9 2nd spruce, ex Granton from Quebec, was well competed for at £7 and £7 10s. A good many vessels are arriving with Bal- tic wood, There is no change to report in hardwood. The market is firm and steady. Two arrivals of mixed goods from Quebec by steamship are reported at Liverpool, most of which was sold to arrive and will go into consumers’ hands direct. There are numerous inquiries at that point for nearly all kinds of wood, though few sales are reported. Spruce deals have been selling at an advance of at least 5 shillings per standard. At Hull, Manchester, Cardiff, Sunderland, Glasgow and other ports business is well maintain- ed. At the latter the ship-building strike does not seem to have seriously affected thedemand. Some good sales of cedar are reported. The Australian wood brokers are pushing the sale of jarrah and karri wood for paving purposes. Complaint is made of the inferiority of the Swedish pit props this season. Is there not here an opportunity for Canada? Lumbering in Australia shows signs of much greater activity than for some years. ‘ Brigt Edward D., of Weymouth, is char- tered to load lumber at Bridgewater for the West Indies. é; S y per a MS ee ee git" tt Wiest . Hem- . « , ae ay “u ae we eee i” “ ‘ nf 4 - .” :/ SHIPPING MATTERS. Sch. Ernest F. Lee is loading laths at Shu- lee for Vineyard Haven for orders, The Millbridge sch. Joe is loading lumber for the Sound at Fredericton, N. B. % Bark Buteshire, on her way to St. Joh N.B., will load lumber for Buenos Ayres. Three hundred cords of peeled popla wood left Quebec, in as many canal b Mechanicsville, N. Y., on 28th Oct, by A. K. Hansen & Co, i SS Derwent Holme, 1326 tons, now in En land, has been fixed to load deals at St. Jo N. B., for W. C. England, at 48s. 9d. is an advance of ris. 3d. over the rate | the last steamer which loaded there. The following shipments from Quebec are reported: Per bark Rothiemay, Buenos Ayre 132,489 pcs spruce rails, 22,893 do do scant ling, 200 packs spruce broom. les, Price Bros & Co., laden at Tadousac. bark Dunvegan, for Belfast, 26,551 pes. s| deals, 2,409 do do ends, by Price Bros & nee at Beles Per ss Scotsman, iverpool, 4762 bdles spoolwood, by Carbr Routh & Co. Per ss pri for redo, 622 packing boxes in shooks, by The A. Gra- vel Lumber Co. Sa 2 J: Te: Tam . a oS LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. __ Lumser freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Ofar intended change due notice will be given lumb , General instructions in shipping by Grand ok embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On! ber in carloads, minimum weight, 3c,000 Ibs. p unless the marked capacity of the car be less, case the marked capacity (but not less than 24 will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Sh be impracticable to load certain descriptions o lumber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, then the weight only will be charged for, but not less th ooo lbs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will higher from an intermediate point on the straight ru than from the first named point beyond, tothesamed tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or H worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, w not be higher than the specific rates named from Ww ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill Southampton to points east of Listowel and and west of Stratford will be the same as fro Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to charged than as per mileage table published on page 9 of tariff. = 4 Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points in group B to Toronto, 6%4c.; Collingwood, Penetang, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6¥%c.; Brace, bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor- Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, 9c.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, roc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 64%c. Theserates are per roo lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 714c. per 100 lbs.; to Deseronto, gc.; to Brockville and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, rrc. The rates on hardwoods average about from rc. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. III, On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, toc ; Al- goma, Cook's Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fi h to Toronto, 13¢.; Ottawa to Toronto, 1oc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 144%c. per 100 lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 Ibs., and an adyanced rate is charged for hardwoods. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way areas follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per 100 Ibs ; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Quebec, $2.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to Quebec, $2.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per too lbs.; Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per 100 Ibs. Ottawa to New Sork, five carloads or over $3.00 per M ft.; Arnprior to New York, $3.50 per M ft.; Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports r3c. per 100 Ibs.; Arnprior to Boston, Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; export 15 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Albany, ro cents per 100 Ilbs.; Amprior to Albany, 12 cents per too lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per roo Tbs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cexts per 100 lbs Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per 100 lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the mi: imum carload charged is ro M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 lbs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men * “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. 1st, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7¥c. per 100 lbs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pin-.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low as on pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7%c. from same points. FOR SALE. RY HEMLOCK, ROCK AND SOFT ELM ’ slabs for sale at 75 cents per cord on cars. No edgings. j: E. M URPHY, Hepworth Station, Ont. Wirk TS Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN, No 8g State St., Boston, Mass. Inspection at mill. CANADIAN EXPORTERS 2” WHOLESALERS oo o GILMOUR & GOMPANY ° © ° MANUFACTURERS OF WAITE PINE LGMBER Write for Prices. ::2: TRENTON, Ontario, Canada. ROBBRT THOMSON & CO. -;-+-MANUFACTURERS OF.... LUMBER PINE and HARDWOOD — AND — TORONTO OFFICE: TIMBER London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. DONOGH & OLIVER © 000 Wholesale Dealers in | umber, Latll and Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- BUFFALO : Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Huntsville Lumber Go., ——: HUNTSVILLE, W: are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have M ANUFACTURERS OF LUMBBR LATH »oSHINGLES for Sale a 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 1% in. wide. Ltd. ONngr. uantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED Tw: PEMBROKE LUMBER CO.17. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. | @ Write us for Quotations on all Bils= => KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING PEMBROKE, ONT. SH TING GiiyG $20.00 ~9o- WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE: 20 Aberdeen Chambers LS S S /; HA S, ae 2 2 a Specialty TORONTO JAS. PLAY FHATR & CO- Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER ¢ LATH ° SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies BILL TIMBER a Specialty .. . ws MIDLAND, ONT. Cece Cormwae Wholesale Dealer in all kinds of G Bills cut to order. Lumber shipped to all parts (LUMBER, LATH “> SHINGLES y rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. DWV bse Ss | ON ALE Se Tie Georgian Bay Lumber Go. MANUFACTURERS LUMBER : AND . LATH Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn - WAUBAUSHENE, ONT. Ottawa LUmDér 60. Ottawa Ganada WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, ETC. WYrite for Stock List SAMPLES BY MAIL KNIGHT BROS. Burk’s Falls, Ont. FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x” IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : ::: « 114, 1%, 2, 1%, 3, Ain. White Ash 8 in. Soft Elm; 2 in. Soft Elm Db Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. - Buffalo, N. WV. ALWAYS IN THE MARK#HT FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. ReeLLER .|=ori7=.. MAPLE FLOORING, N.C PINE, o o o 90 CYPRESS Lumber and Logs tor Export ————— No. 1 BROADWAY 0 0 0 REDWOOD. e HARDYVWZ7OOD LUMBER - NBW YORK. ONE DOLLAR Will pay your subscription to the weekly and + monthiy CANADA LuMBERMAN for ONE YEAR @ Ottawa & New York Lumber Ling © - + BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - GANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO, WILLIAMS’ LINE. ee 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. J. H.Williams{ NEW YORK OFFICE, 03 Wall Street. Agent Telephone 531 Broad. YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS AND MANUFACTURERS Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. SCATCHERD & SON 54 South Street, NEW YORK. 1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, NoVeer -— VW ANT —: BOG FitaWe COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.—*«>——7, 8, 14 and 16 feet, firsts and seconds IV. DIREGIORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman ”’ BELTING McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. %& Co. 53 Danville, Que. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. DRY KILNS McEachren, J. D., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Woodstock, Ont. INJECTORS Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Hamilton Biass Mfg. Stirling, W. H., St. Joun,, N.B. Williams Machinery Co., A, R., Toronto. LOG TRUCKS Bain Bros. Mfg. Co., Brantford, Ont. The Chatham Mfg. Company, Chatham, Ont. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Davidson & Hay, Toronto Eckardt, H. P. & Co.. Toronto. MACHINERY Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. Darling Bros., Montreal. Drake, F. J., Belleville, Ont. Eastman Lumber Co. 5 Eastman, Que., Payette, J. E. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Northey Mic. Co., Toronto, Ont. Petrie, H. W. , Toronto, Ont., The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., ” Peterboro’, Ont. The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams Machinery Co., A.R, Toronto. SAW MANUFACTURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. Elias & Bro., G., Buffalo N. Y. Gilmour & Company, Trenton, Ont. Haines & Company, Buffalo, N. ee Maitland, Rixon & Co., Owen Sound Ont. Reid Co. of Toronto, The MISCELLANEOUS Alligator Tugs, West & Peachey, Punleoe x Ont. Axes, Campbell Bros., St. John, N. B. British American Business College, Toronto. Can. Office and School Furniture Co. ., Preston, Ont. Canada Atlantic Railway. Can. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. * Cant Dogs, Walter McFarlane, St. Marys, N. B. Dominion Leather Board Co. , Montreal. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad, Illinois Central Railroad Co., Chicago, Tih. Lumber Truck Wheels, Montreal Car Wheel Co. Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. Business Wiidon: There are lots of merchants get into a rut and stav there. new ideas and adopting them in business. The Price Lists that here follow will be revised who Success lies in grasping each week up to the hour of going to press, and in connection with these we wou!d draw attention to the week's trade review under the heading of ‘‘Current Trade Conditions” on the first page, immediately marked “Stocks and Prices,” ollowed with matter which presents the lumber situation of the week, together with a record of the week’s sales and transactions. PRICES CURRENT. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, Oct. 30, 1895. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. 1 1-4 in. cut up and better........---2-- sees eee eens eens 1x10 and 12 dressing and better..........20eseeceeeeeeeeees MeePETHEL 8 TATSIN SNS sco aay ies hs va Gos hin nis soe eral niece rx1o and 12 common....... 1x1o and 12 spruce culls.. rxzo and 12 mill culls.:.... PA PaO Clear AMMO DICKS «ccs wccdi-inte © fgals tw o:\s ae, dlplo\siain's a als MIRTH LESSINE, ANG) ELLEN (sok. tele oo vu solegiaws« aipe e.g elogieiete > 20 00 rinch siding mill run........--..-+++eee essere eee e eee sees 14 00 Mich SIGINP COMMON. ....6 50 e cece seas see seessececcssraes 12 00 rinch siding ship culle., 2. .ccswesiecaserrene ro nnsvce » EL AOO: rich siding mill culls. .....0..--0ce cere nee e een ees A 9 00 Meier triplinio ee: re ee nee lass oye siecate aiitee acterntie ¥leae 8 00 1 1-2 and thicker cutting up Cibelli oe ence) ioeepeee se 24 00 x inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. previ Sgr TA A Meets ea ac SOO amnG 14 00 - 12 00 x inch strips, common. 1 1-4 inch flooring. . oe agers ATI CEL OUNIE « oa0 ou sie aes e's’ = XXX shingles, 16 inch........ rials 7. So onmone sae non ds xX iuaeies Hoots eligg par Neinproe Gein dogocaceseniccs tenon Lath, HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 to2in..$26 oo $28 oo Cherry I a 1% 50 00 2 2% to 4.. 30 00 32 00 © 4. 60 00 Ash, black, sts and ; Elm, soft x to 144$14 00 ands, rto 14% in ... 21 00 23 00 Be OS ia Pe reed sh, black, ists and * rock 1 ‘1% 16 00 ends, 2 eg aaniaes 23 00 25 00 deta 1% “ 3.. 20 00 Ash, M.R 2 ‘ 1% 18 00 2000] Hickory 1% “ 2.. 28 00 “ ne « 4; 20 00 24 00 Maple I Z 1% x6 zn 2 ‘ 2 ‘“ 11% 22 00 24 00 2 4.. 18 00 7 FO 24.00 20°00 Oak,red,p'nx * YZ 28 oo se “sqrs. 4x4.“ 8x8 24 00 26 00 peo att 4 20100 Basswood 1 “1% 1600 1800] ‘white ‘1 ‘“ 1% 2800 “ce 142 19 00 20 00 RR “ 4.. 30 00 “ mr. 1 ‘1% 14 00 16 00 *‘quart'd z ‘‘ 2.. 48 00 Butternut 1 ‘“ 1% 23 00 25 00| Walnut tr “*°3.. ‘85 00 se 2 ‘*3.. 25 00 28 00| Whitewood: “‘ z.. 32 00 Chestnut 1 “ 24 00 2 600 a " <=9 be *] - 7 ¥ i 4 ke ae wor i ‘ P23 ¢ CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, Oct. 30, 1895. ine, good sidings er Cet, DM. ieee eee ener eee ees oO 00 00 B good sidings, per M feet, b. 3 35 Pine, gondstrips, - ““" Eg SES aaee cere eiemermet reece 26 00 30 00 Pine, good shorts, “ oS SOE eet 18 00 25 00 Pine, No. t dressing sidings, per M feet, b. ‘m.. 18 GO 22 00 Pine, eS strips, eee i UL hrs el ye 1s 00 18 00 Pine, © 755 ze shorts, ee 4? Seca Hanae £3 00 14 00 Pine, 10 s.c. and better stock, ‘‘ # SE eo eal i ae eee SHES ORO Pine; “8isie) = “s ae a CNP A A dy ai I2 00 13 50 Pine “sidings a oe Oe otis ee te 13 00 15 00 Pine, ** strips a yo OF ions oat ae ieee 10 00 12 00 Pine, ** shorts is rs TE Loe SPCR 8 50 10 00 Pine, box culls a a PAE crise seett 9 00 11 00 Pine mill culls ue i Oh Uses ste arte of 00 10 00 Lath sper yO 2557s ecommerce Aer omre eer reer el ares I 20 1.50 QUEBEC, QUE. QuEBEc, Oct. 30, 1895. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. cts. Fo. inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., MEASIVE RD OLE fa cadets nie 21 oe eteest a oF nme ote en etm a aed aera 16 @ 22 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 20 26 For good and good fairaverage ‘ 25 30 For superior ES ce ee SE iaere ame ets, In shipping order os Ws of es ea Pee Waney board, 18 to 19 inch oe re re s £36 42 Waney board, 1g to 21 inch bh es pe be 3B: es RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality. aleranatb vee ola h rieothnre is) S22 In shipping order, ggitodedect fl th) SE Se are ie ce peeeermnte 22. 30 OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . , ~ 40 49 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 tosofeet. . 30 32 30 to 35 feet. . 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality . 222 80 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality . in2t. @ay TAMARAC. Square, according to size and aeiey. rier ooo oe en) F latted, PMN he ae tes | fs) 18 STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp'cfct’n—nominal . $330 $350 W.O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality . - ‘90 00 DEALS, Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for and, and $40 to $43 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 $43 for rst, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $2x for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau. SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., Oct. 30, 1895. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, 1 in., 10 in, and up ae zin., 8in. and up wide $38 oo WAGES. cise esther vitor $45 oc 41% and anaes eae 40 00 14, 5 De ANGi2 AMpisig «vies ieee 45 0c ae anaes te nine ee ome 45 00 Bho and) gitar n ane i FO) GOs] ” “ig Lesie ele eeaicte est pines ete 50 00 (hinpasan onnhesoon aACek 55 90 FINE COMMON. 2¥% and 3in., 8in, and up wide 40 00 45 00 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 5, Wgvand eins. sc ave tess B FINE COMMON OR NO. I CUTTING. rin., 7in. and up wide...... 25 00 | 2% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 35 oo re App OY Arete Wb 1 eee e 30 O0.| 4 Alls «<7. 5 clap ocinw ame neniaeeene 38 00 STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 1 in., 4,5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00 | 1in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 Ohiris WAGs: lars iisteatetietsienhs ate 3600) |/O1In. wider =. c.ce5 4 Seen me 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. 1X in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide...... 3O"o0! | 110. ,, 610) WIGEL si. wens tea 30 00 Pinay 4, eUeWIC ee ele «eects 28 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 1\in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 00| 1 in., 4,5, 6 in. wide........ 23 00 NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING.: Z in., 4,)5.and 74M». 0... an. 7sOo)| TMs 4, Hala 07 Nh. sawteotet 17 co T Lihkep OND. outs ceil care atirareia EB Oo!) (TWN. GIS, is- ene ee cuneate es 18 00 NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. rin., 4,5and7in........... nqoo:|ix4rin A toy mye aan aite 14 00 ElUds5 Glam b ins sta jeiteeeeigs oe 14 50| No. 3 fencing, x in., 6in..... 13 00 SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in., ro in, stocks.... 25 00 | No.2, x in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 oo rin, ro in. and up wide... 26 oo tin., roin, stocks......... 2I co 1in., 12 in, stocks...,..... 29 00 1 in., 12 in, stocks......... 24 00 1 in., 12 in. and up wide... 30 00 rin., ro in. and up wide. . 22 00 rin. 1% and 2in., 8in. and Lin., 13 in, and up wide... 25 00 MIP! WAGE). 6.1:< cttipik aid cl rats tohe 29 00 3 zai (filtbapie i absese 2 51 INOW2 0 200e ene ee eeeeee TOAD aadvsms catremuneeteaaee I4 00 Biarce ju dkeeehe eee SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX, tin., 4and 5 in. wide....... $10 00 | 1 in., 13 in. and up wide..... $12 00 14in,; 6 in) Wide. Pe Oeerpe aoe je: Mold : st’ , 1 to 2in.. Fine common, 1 in... 34 00 35 00 Barn, oO. 1 toand 12 1% and 1% i Wis eau 34 00 36 00 in; Vs. oa eaters ce De erro esc, + 34 00 3600] 6and 8 in...... ae 3 * pew ed arene Spares 45 00| No. 2, xoand x2 in. TP ON 45 00| No. 3, 1oand rzin. - 6 an ‘Bin. Common, rin. ope hs fa ea eae 2 ete enenee cule rie No. 1, rin. 26 00 4,to2 in... : Ne. 2, I in 15 00 © No. 2, Bee » 22 00 NEW YORK CITY. New York, N. Y., Oct. 30, 1895. WHITE PINE LUMBER ; Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by s source of rendering it useless to give prices for local market. WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge siutoey sarees $28 co @ 40 00 | Building orders.. Decking..:....,.<0. 4400 50100 : SPRUCE, 6togin.... 14 00 10 to 12 iM... .. +++... 15 6 to r2in. 15.50] baths. ov awoue g to r2in 15 75 BOSTON, MASS. Boston, Oct. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed hoards <:..nesee- $rr 50 1200 Coarse No. 5....... I5 00 1600 Séinch... Refuse! 2. saitene seas 13 00 13 25 Clapboards, sape Outscatt cece fore) Sap clear... 7weeeee Boxboards,1 inch... 10 75 1x 00| Sap, 2nd clear..., 7a UIE .5 > 2 ok ok en 975 1000 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR ‘Lo. Uppers, x in........ $50 00@52 oo 1%, 14% and 2 in.. 52 90 53 oo Sead AAD «ley ore

30 35 Shelving boards, 12-in. up... 28 30 LATH. SHINGLES. Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30| Bound bates, 6228 rx Clear butts .. 3 25 3 35] Hemlock. Smooth, 6x58 oss E 5 40 5 50| Spruce..... OSWEGO, N.Y. WHITE PINE. Three uppers, xe ee and 2 tich®....c.ice eee Pickings, ss Feet ewes No. 1, cutting up, ‘ tise No. 2, cutting up, “‘ cS Pia In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding trips, : 14 ene SIDING é zin siding, cutting” ve xicks and sage rin dressing. . 19 00 21 00 rin No. r culls. 15 00 i tin No, 2 culls 14 00} x by Novame IXI2 INCH. 1z.and x6 feet, ‘mill ‘rons.).....2s5..ese8 eens 12 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better...... 12 and 16 feet, No. 2 culls 14x10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$22 00@25 00 | No. reulls........ Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00 | No. eculls/eaaitex IX4 INCHES, 2I 00 30 00 | No, 2culls...... 1X5 pare Mill run, mill culls out 17 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 6, 7.or 8, mill run, mill | 6, 7 or 8, No. rculls.. aun calle ote. Soke 20 00 25 00/6, 7 0r8, No.2culls.. 14 6,7 or 8, drsg and : better ......5.. +» 25 00 3000 SHINGLES, 3 75 | XXX, 18 in. cedar., . 3 "4 2 75 | Clear butt, 18 in. cedar. 2 40 3 10| XX, 18in.cedar....3175 2 5 00 LATH. No. 2, hes v sees XXX, 18in pine.. .... 3 60 Clear butts, pine, 18 in.. 2 60 XXX, 16 in. pine...... 2 go Stock ‘cedars, sor 6in.. 4 50 No. 1,14. DNO2 25 0 Wile) wise ct iar Se ee a \ ER, 1895 . THE CANADIAN LUMBER INDUSTRY. HERE was a time when, to quote the language of a certain class of Englishmen, Canada was known as a “blawsted wooden country.” The imputation, though made in cynicism, had much evidence behind it, for in the early history of the country the forests of Canada extended in an almost unbroken stretch from the Atlantic ocean to the head of Lake Superior—a distance of 2,000 miles. The Dominion of Canada has an area of not less than 3,456,383 sq. miles ; that is, it is 430,783 sq. miles larger than the United States, if Alaska be excepted, and almost as large as the whole continent of Europe, which has 3,756,002 sq. miles. This territory is divided into provinces as follows : Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Manitoba and the Northwest Territories, and British Columbia, all of which are rich (in some measure at least) in forest wealth. The total population of Canada, according to the census of 1891, is 4,833,239. = Next to agricultural pursuits, in which 56 per cent. of the population are engaged, lumber is the most import- ant industry of the Dominion. There is an invested capital in the business of nearly $100,000,000, and an annual wage-list of over $30,000,000, with an output valued at almost $110,000,000. Of saw mills and wood- working establishments there are about 6,000, giving employment during the season to not less than 15,000 men. The value of forest products, calculated from the census returns of 1891, is given by Mr. Geo. Johnson, government statistician, as $80,071,415. For the fiscal year 1890-91 the imports of wood articles amounted to $3,132,516, while for the same period the exports were $27,207,547, leaving for consumption in Canada $55,996,- 384, or a value of $15.59 per head. The census returns show an aggregate of 2,045,073,072 cu. ft. as the total cut of the year. About 30 per cent. of this is exported, leaving 1,431,551,150 cu. ft. forthe annual home con- sumption. This is equal to 296.2 cu. ft. per head of the population, the estimate of Mr. B. E. Fernow for the United States being 350 cu. ft. per head. As each of the provinces of Canada has an individu- ality of its own, geographically and physically, so has each its own individuality as a lumber centre. Canada’s reputation as a “wooden country ” rests primarily on the fame of its white pine (Jzzus strobus) in the province of Ontario. It is improbable that any one has learned any- thing of the lumber history of this country without hav- ing obtained a knowledge of the immense pine resources of the Ottawa valley and the Georgian Bay districts. Ontario is spoken of as the great white-pine field of the Dominion, just as Michigan, Wiscensin and Minnesota go into history as the great white-pine states of the American Union. ; The ownership of Canadian forests is, for the most part, invested in the provincial governments, and in On- tario, in particular, the management thereof constitutes the most impoitant department of government. The department of crown lands, which has the administration of the timber resources of the province, is the great money-making department of Ontario, and political opponents ofttimes inquire where the revenue of Ontario will come from when its forest products are exhausted ? This department has been for many years under the control of Hon. A. S. Hardy, commissioner of crown lands, a gentleman whose name is frequently mentioned _as the probable successor to the present premier, Sir Oliver Mowat. The regulations respecting timber limits in Ontario are of importance to every one interested in this indus- try. Among other things they provide as follows : That the commissioner of crown lands, before granting any license for new timber berths (not including the lands) in the un- surveyed territory, shall, as far as practicable, cause the section of “country where it is intended to allot such berths to be run into townships, and each township, when so surveyed, shall constitute a timber berth, but the commissioner may cause such townships to be subdivided into as many timber berths as he may think _ proper. __ The berths or limits, when so surveyed and set off, and all new berths or limits in surveyed territory, shall be explored and valued, and then offered for sale by public auction at the upset price fixed by such yaluation, at such time and place, and on such conditions and by such officer as the commissioner shall direct by public notice for that purpose, and shall be sold to the highest bidder for cash at the time of sale. All lumber licenses are to expire on the 3oth of April next after the date thereof, and all renewals are to be applied for and issued before the 1st of July following the expiration of the last preceding license, in default whereof the right to renewal shall cease and the berth or berths shall be treated as forfeited. No renewal of any license shall be granted unless or until the ground-rent and all costs of survey and all dues to the crown on timber, saw logs, or other lumber cut under and by virtue of any license other than the last preceding, shall have been first paid. All timber berths or limits shall be subject to an annual ground rent of $3 a square mile, payable only in advance before the issuing of any original license or renewal. All timber, saw logs, wood, or other lumber cut under any license that may be hereafter granted shall be subject to the pay- ment of the following crown dues: red and white pine timber, per cu. ft., $0.02 ; red and white pine saw logs and boom timber, per standard of 200 ft. board measure, $0.20. Operating under these regulations, which are closely enforced by the government, the cut of white pine and Norway pine lumber in Ontario amounts to about 700,000,000 feet a year ; taking the figures for the year ending June, 1893, the cut was 677,525,000 feet. It is somewhat difficult to estimate the pine timber area of Ontario. A return of the government of Ontario, brought down in 1893, says: No estimate has been made of the quantity of pine timber stand- ing upon the whole crown domain. There is a great stretch of territory lying north of the 48th parallel of latitude and the north- ern limit of Ontario and between 85th west longitude and the easterly limit of the disputed territory, in respect of which no esti- mate has been madeat all, containing 89,000 sq. miles or there- abouts, much of which, it is known, is pine bearing, but other por- tions are not, and as to some other parts there is no information. What has been done is to take certain areas known to be pine bearing and apply a reasonable estimate to them, as follows : Sq. Miles. West of the Ottawa River and north-west of the limits sold in 1872 between 80 and 85 west longi- tude, and extending north to the 48th parallel DER EEIRVIG Che terrae eter rents bes foe oie evecare eels od 24,000 Between Ottawa Agency and sale of 1881 in the : END ISSIn pe IS tC EA ester ote<.ctore vin. 0(a'vls eels bw leteielep 410 24,410 Feet. To this area an average of 1,000,000 ft. B, M. to PREMISE VAS. AP DUCA yo eicce e ccoz<:sininsreyslaleiovste eke Col. Dennis, late deputy minister of the interior, estimated the timber in the disputed territory at 26,000,000,000 24,410,000,000 50,410,000,000 There is now subject to license in Ontario about 20,000 sq. miles, which has been estimated to contain 500,000 ft. to the mile, equalling...... 10,000,000,000 This gives a total on the territory estimated of 60,410,000,000 ft., exclusive of the territory of which no attempt at an estimate has been made as above stated. VALUE, The bonus value of 50,410,000,000 ft. at $1.50 a THOMSAMGeGUAlSe eee nc laier. vlerels slo ciomietsictcns The dues upon this at $1 athousand....... ..... $ 75,615,000 50,410,000 $ 126,025,000 Add for duty on 10,000,000,000 ft., estimated on licensed lands at $1 a thousand......... ...+ 10,000,000 IT ARANI GC RO LAL OR, cree aie cles) eels «= !spernit > $136,025,000 White pine limits in Ontario, though scattered through many hands, are largely held by the big lumbermen of the province, ana of late years a very considerable part has gone into the possession of United States lumber- men. Mr. J. R. Booth, of Ottawa, has obtained fame as the largest lumberman in the world. He is an extensive owner of timber limits, and until a little more thana year ago operated what was generally conceded to be the largest saw mill in the world. This was aestroyed by fire some twelve months since. Messrs. Gilmour & Co., of Trenton, hold a very prominent position as own- ers of timber limits, as well as saw millers. At the gov- ernment sale of limits, two years ago, this firm was a heavy purchaser, paying the largest price for a timber limit ever known in Ontario. Among other large owners may be named: The Bronson & Weston Co., of which Hon. E. H. Bronson, a member of the Ontario govern- ment, is principal ; W. C. Edwards & Co., Buell, Hurd- man & Co., Robert Thomson & Co., The Georgian Bay Lumber Co., and The Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co. When, three years ago, the duty on lumber going into the United States was reduced from $2 a thousand to $1 a thousand, a great stimulus was given to the lumber | THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 11 industry, and there followed one of the best years that Canadian lumbermen had enjoyed for a long time. But this reduction in the duty on sawn lumber carried with ‘it the free export uf lumber in the logs into the United States, and this immediately built up an immense busi- ness in the shipment of logs by raft from the Georgian Bay shores to those of Michigan. These shipments have grown, until in the last year something like 4o0,- 000,000 ft. of logs were exported from the Georgian Bay shores to Michigan mills. When the Wilson tariff became a law, conditions again changed, and the Ontario holdings of United States lumbermen again increased. To-day a large ex- tent of the timber limits of Ontario is in the hands of J. W. Howry & Sons, J. T. Hurst, Albert Pack, A. T. Bliss, General Alger, Saginaw Salt and Lumber Co., and other well-known Michigan lumbermen. To what extent the change in the lumber tariff will in- duce American holders of Canadian lumber to build mills in Canada is a moot question. All lumber being free, it is as easy to ship the sawn lumber as that in the log, and this being the case, it is contended that United States lumbermen will find it an advantage to own mills near the limits, cut their logs there, and ship the lumber to their own country. It is known that J. W. Howry & Sons, who will this season rank among the largest operators in Ontario, have erected, or come into posses- sion of, large saw mills in the province. At Midland a large mill is cutting entirely for an American concern, and along the Arnprior, Ottawa and Parry Sound Rail- way, 140 miles from Ottawa, the St. Anthony Lumber Co., owned by E. ©. Whitney, of Minneapolis, and other American lumbermen, has built one of the largest mills on the continent. There are problems in connection with the Wilson tariff that may change the complexion of affairs. A change in governnient in the United States might lead to a reversion of free lumber, though the manner in which investments are being made in Canadian limits by United States lumbermen, who ought to understand the situation, does not give much force to this theory. Again, the question has been raised, only within the pre. ent season, whether dressed lumber, which is exempt from duty, inciudes flooring and other lumber that is matched and grooved. The board of general appraisers of the United States has ruled against this rendering, and, if the ruling is sustained, it will be a barrier to the establishment of planing mills in Canada. But, on the whole, there is reason to believe that free lumber has come to stay, and that it will, aside from.an exception or two, operate in the interests both of Canadian lumber- men and of their congeners in the United States. While white pine holds the lead among the woods grown in Ontario, there are other timbers possessing good commercial value. Some years ago Ontario was rich in many of the most useful hardwoods ; there was hardly a county in the province that did not contain a good supply of maple, elm, ash, beech and birch. But to-day these woods, though fairly abundant, are to be found only in small quantities. The extent to which the forests have been depleted of some of the most valuable hardwoods gives to advocates of forest protection a most foicible text. The late clerk of forestry for the province of Ontario, Mr. R. W. Phipps, has pointed out, in way of illustration, that in Kent county oak that sold 15 and 20 years ago at $4.50 per thousand feet, could now be marketed at $25 per thousand, and walnut, which then brought only $14 per thousand feet, would to-day com- mand $100. Crossing the border line to the older province of Que- bec, we are brought face to face with lumber conditions of a different character. The chief lumber riches of Quebec, as also those of New Brunswick, consist ot spruce. And whereas Ontario finds its principal and natural market for its forest products in the United States, Quebec’s shipments are chiefly to Great Britain. There are several large concerns that look solely to the United Kingdom for their market. The area under license in Quebec, according tothe statement of the Hon. J. K. Ward, one of the oldest and most intelligent lumbermen of the province, is 48,000 miles, producing of spruce and pine logs 6,170,000 ft., equalling 683,000,000 ft. B. C.; of pine, spruce and birch timber, 18,500,000 oi THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ft. B. M. ; of railroad ties and other wood, 22,500 pieces, 12,000,000 ft. B. M.; pulp cedar, etc., 10,000 cords ; revenue, $892,000. In New Brunswick the area under license is 6,000 miles, producing, of pine and spruce logs, 87,000,000 ft. B. M. ; of hemlock logs, 7,000,000 ft. B.M.; of cedar, 14,000,000 ft. B. M.; of tamarac, 1,400,000 ft. B. M.; of pine and hardwood timber, 176,400 ft. B. M.; of bcom sticks, 240,000 ft. B. M.; revenve and bonus, $102,000. It is only within a few years that the spruce forests of Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia have come to be appreciated at their real commercial worth, through the rapid development of the pulp-wood industry. It is conceded by some of the shrewdest manufacturers of pulp, not only in Canada, but in the United States, that these provinces have wonderfully rich resources in spruce, and this is in evidence in the fact that within a twelve-month large tracts of spruce land in Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia have passed into the hands of syndicates composed largely of United States capital- ists. Proof in the same direction is shown in the yearly increase of American importations. Exportation to the United States was inaugurated only four years ago. The figures are: $57,197 in 1890, $170,636 in 1891, $183,312 in 1892, and $454,253 in 1893, with a continued increase in 1894. The reforestration of pine lands is a matter of many years, but experts testify that the young spruce will reach maturity in from Io to 15 years. It will thus be seen that the owners of extensive spruce limits have within their possession an almost perpetual source of income. Pulp-making in Canada has within Io years grown into an industry, having nearly $3,000,000 of invested capital and over $1,000,000 of annual output. The lumber trade in New Brunswick has taken on a new strength this year through the market found in the United States since lumber was placed on the free list.* While the tall pines of Ontario have won the admira- tion of everyone who has made a study of the world’s forests, yet to British Columbia belong the trees most admired both in the lumber trade and out ofit. The giant cedars of California, whose story has been frequent- ly told with pen and pencil find their counterpart in British Columbia. There grow cedars of wonderful size and beauty. The red cedar of British Columbia is one of its most valuable timbers. With the forests of Ontario be- coming all too rapidly denuded, it is proper to speak ot British Columbia to-day as the timber province of Ca- nada. The forest area of British Columbia is 285,000 sq. miles, or 182,400,000 acres. Its density is as re- markable as its extent. It is on record that on one acre in the Comox district 508,000 ft. were found. This is, of course, exceptional, but the average is 75,000 ft. Commercially the most valuable of British Columbia woods is Douglas fir, named after a noted botanist of that name. It is found generously distributed along the coast. Because of its immense length, strength, and straightness, for many commercial purposes it has no competitor. Some of these trees grow to a height of 300 ft. and havea base circumference of 50 ft. The aver- age height, however, is 150 ft., clear of limbs, and the average diameter 5 to 6ft. Professor Macoun thinks that it will prove a valuable paper-making tree. The red cedar ( Thuya Gigante), of whose beauty I have already spoken, is very little behind Douglas fir in the race for commercial supremacy. For general purposes * Among the big lumbermen of New Brunswick are Hon. J. B. Snow- ball, Alex. Gibson, Malcolm Mackay, Geo. McKean, and E. Hutchinson. Lumbermen s Supplies We are making a Specialty of Lumbermen’s Supplies, and are offering, with other goods, a good Japan Tea, Get a sample of this fine draw and make, at 12% cents. splendid Tea suitable for the Camp. H. F. EOKArdt & 60. WHOLESALE GROCERS red cedar is doubtless the most valuable wood on the Pacific coast. Sometimes it reaches a height of 200 ft. and a diameter of 20 ft. The settler, when building his rude hut, finds a good friend in red cedar, while there are few woods that have been found more useful or beautiful for interior finishings in the finest residences. But the woods of British Columbia are by no means confined to Douglas fir and red cedar. Species of spruce, hemlock, cotton wood, balsani, and even white pine, are to be found on the Pacific coast. Saw-mill building owes its development in British Columbia largely to the past decade. There are about sixty saw mills in the province at the present time, with a daily capacity of over 3,0c0,000 ft. The cut of the province last year was 65,000,000 ft. The capital invest- ed in these saw mills has been drawn largely from On- tario, some of the big mills being owned in the main by Ontario lumberman. Ottawa lumbermen, too, have a considerable interest in the saw mills of the Pacific coast. The question is sometimes asked: what is the possible longevity of the timber resources of British Columbia? One estimate, of a semi-official character, says that there are Over 100,000,000,000 ft. of good timber in sight, and that, with the present saw mills making an average out- put, it would take between 150 and 200 years to exhaust the present supply, Another authority, however, esti- mates that it would last only 60 years. British Columbia finds its main market for lumber in Great Britain, Australia, South Africa, South America, and other foreign points, with a new and growing market in California since the duty on lumber was lifted. The domestic market consists of its own province, with a good consumption in Manitoba and the Northwest Territories, while the red cedar shingles of British Col- umbia have made their way in considerable quantities into eastern Canada, and have come into competition in certain sections of the United Stated with the Puget Sound cedar shingle, which is almost the same article. Mr. J. R. Anderson, provincial statistician, is authority for the statement that the yearly extent of lumber leases in British Columbia is 524,573 acres. The control of the timber resources of this province is mainly in the hands of the local government. The province of Manitoba has little fame as a lumber district. Its great reputation is for grain, especially its hard wheats. There is a considerable saw mill and wood-working industry in this province, the supply of timber being drawn largely from the adjoining Lake of the Woods district, where timber is found in such abundance that United States lumbermen have their eye upon it. A considerable amount of lumber comes into Manitoba from Minnesota. The growing uses of woods are so many and various that one can easily appreciate the remark of Mr. Atkin- son in an article in the Forum: “The nations or States in which food, fuel, metal, and timber may be produced at the highest relative rates of wages and at the lowest money-cost per unit of product will thereby be enabled to apply labor-saving machines to other branches of pro- ductive industry in the most effective manner.” Canada is rich in food products, for it is preeminently an agri- cultural country ; in metal, it possesess an aggregation of riches that its people know little of ; and fuel, whether wood or coal, is found in the Dominion in the greatest abundance. The figures which I have given leave no doubt of the extent of Canada’s timber resources. In all particulars the requirements of Mr. Atkinson are fully met, and it is with a liberal measure of national pride TORONTO. CAMP SUPPLIES — Being extensive operators in the lumber business as well — as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualifi ed to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. DAVIDSON & AAY Wholesale Grocers a ¢ " : NOVEMBER, 1895 that acitizen of Canada may refer ‘to these matters, though recognizing at the same time that the cosmo politan spirit of commerce lays open these vast riches to the entire world. Whosoever will may come.—J. S. Robertson, in Engineering Magazine. TRADE NOTES. Mr. George F, Rich reports having recently made sales of his machines to Messrs. James Playfair and Chew Bros., of | Midland, Beck Manufacturlng Co., of Penetanguishene, How- — ry & Sons, of Fenelon Fails, the Ottawa and St. Anthony Lumber Co., etc. The attention of readers of the LUMBERMAN is directed to the advertisement of the A. R. Williams Machinery Co., To- ronto, appearing in this issue. Saw and planing mill owners consult their interests by noting carefully the extensive list of — machines which this company offer for sale fn their advertise- ment. As his list will be changed from month to month, ma- chinery buyers would do well to keep a constant eye open. Wa Messrs. Campbell Bros., of St. John, N. B., whose adver- tisement appears in this number of the LUMBERMAN, have achieved an enviable reputation as manufacturers of axes for the use of lumbermen. They have worked upa good trade in Ontario and Quebec, having recently shipped an order for 350 dozen axes, and their business operations extend as far west as Vancouver, B. C., and into the United States. The Penberthy Injector Co., of Detroit, Michigan, write us that in visiting the State Fair of Mo., recently held in St. Louis, they found nineteen manufacturers of traction and farm engines with forty engines onthe grounds. In looking over these engines they found on thirty-three engines out of the forty the ‘‘ Penberthy” Injector, the other seven having five different makes. They also state that two manufacturers out of those representing the seven engines agreed to use the ‘*Pen- berthy ” Injector in 1896. oa MANUFACTURER SKI DDING TONGS CANT HOOK CLASP CANT HOOK CLASP PEMBROKE, ONT. Ortrawa Ene Co TORONTO a7 NOVEMBER, 1895 Tree CANADA WUMBERIMAN CASUALTIES. Carl Lundstrom fell on a saw at the Kee- watin Lumber Co.’s mill and was so badly in- jured that he died soon after. Jas. Anderson was killed in Playfair’s saw mill at Midland. No one saw the accident and it is supposed he was eaught by a belt. Herman Pettit, one of the proprietors of Pettit Bros.’ stave mill, near Comber, Ont., was badly injured by being dragged into the machinery. Neil King, while portaging provisions on the line of the O, A. & P. S. Railway, was attacked by a moose and badly hurt. He escaped by climbing a tree and driving off the animal with a revolver. Can your Son keep your books e Send him for a few months to the e e BRITISH AMERICAN COLLECE OF TORONTO, LTD. e owned by the President of the Board of Trade, the Manager of the North American Life Assur- ance Co. and other leading busi- ness men. Thorough satisfaction guaranteed. Students may enter any time. EDW. TROUT, DAVID HOSKINS, President. Secretary. McFARLANE’S PATENT IMPROVED CANT DOCS , WITH FORGED SOFT STEEL SOCKET (as shown in cut). AS ENTIRELY NEW INVENTION-—the result of years of hard study : and a large expenditure of money. The aim has been to make a cant dog light enough to be easily handled, yet strong enough to meet the required strain. This, I am pleased to say, has been obtained in THE BOSS CANT DOG. It is forged of the best quality of material, manufactured with the latest improved machinery, and I invite an intelligent inspection of its merits and workmanship, guaranteeing it to be all that is tepre- sented. Made in three sizes, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3. 2% in., No. 2 is 25% in., and No. 3 is 2% in. diameter. Any length handle, from 2 to 6 feet, and suitable for the different grades of work, from handling the smallest to the largest logs. Manufactured only by WALTER McFARLANE ST. MARYS, York Co., N. B. Write for price and discounts. 4 13 Paul Courrier was killed by a falling tree at Argue Bros.’ camp near Wanbamic, Ont. RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. iL JOHN J. GARTSHORE, OFFICES & WORKS 49 Front St. West, Toronto. AbsoInING NEW UNION STATION, TonoNTo,CAN, (sas BAND SAWS BREAK SIXTEEN REASONS, | AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason ; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and is handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. No. 1 is Haines & Gompany LUMBER DEALERS EsTABLISHED 186r. Buffalo, N. se Office and Yards, foot of Erie St, Within 7 minutes’ walk of principal hotels and depots. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPEGTION BOOK =ea Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring:of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. bracing also many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to En- lumbermen,. Prepared by the Editor of the “Canada Lumberman,” ee Toronto, Canada C. H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 HE above is a fac simile of the title page of the latest and most complete Lumber Inspection Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a copy on receipt of four 3 cent Canadian postage Sidiipsa.c 0 9 "0° ema" Jove ADDRESS : THE (GANADA [_ UMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada DUPLEX Ds > I RiGL E. STEAM): AND POWERLWL THE LAURIE ENGINE GO. - SoLE AGENTS FOR PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. The Northey Mfg. Co. Lid. TORONTO MONTREAL 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN EASTERN TOWNSHIP NOTES. {Special Correspondence CanADA LUMBERMAN.] | epee Talbot, St. Cecilia, 7 miles from Lake Megan- tic, on the branch of the Quebec Central R. R., has a fine steam saw, shingle and planing mill. He has been somewhat handicapped until the opening of the railroad, but now is ina a position to ship direct from this mill. F. H. Boutin & Bros., Lake Megantic, Quebec, have just built a new steam circular mill, with shingle machine and planer. The Jenckes Machine Co., of Sherbrooke, supplied the machinery. They intend doing a large local trade, for which there has been an opening in the rapidly growing town of Lake Megantic and surrounding country. The Messrs. Boutin are young men, but have the necessary experience to make the business into which they have gone a success. Frank Dudley, Lake Megantic, Que., has a very finely equipped mill—two band saws with re-saw, with the latest modern appliances for handling lumber at small cost. He saws for the South American market principally, the product being shipped to Portland by rail. He also manufactures clap- boards extensively, for which he finds a ready sale in Boston and the Eastern States. Mr. Dudley also has a mill at Scotts- town, on the C.P.R., 20 miles from Megantic, equipped with two circular saws, re-saw, also clapboard machinery, in which he saws principally dimension lumber. Mr. Dudley’s output from these mills this year is about 15 million ft. lumber and 1,200,000 clapboards. E. T. Keene & Co., Keene’s Siding, Quebec, will have three steam saw mills sawing for them this winter, and will haul the sawn lumber to Megantic Station, where they have opened an extensive piling yard, from which they can ship at any time. They saw for the South American and Boston markets, and intend getting out this winter and spring ten to fifteen million feet. Mr. Keene, the manager, is a ‘‘ Rusher.” Chas. McCaffery & Son, of Nicolet, Quebec, have built a fine circular saw mill of 30 M capacity, on the new line of the Quebec Central from Tring to Megantic. The mill is 13 miles from Lake Megantic. They have done a good business this season, but since the line has been opened they are in a better position for shipping, and will consequently have a better chance next year. Their output will be in the vicinity of 3,000,000 feet, principally spruce. Their market is Boston and South America. Messrs. McCaffery & Son are practical mill men, and pleasant people to meet in a business way. The Rust .Owen Lumber Co., of Drummond, Wisconsin, have sent out an effective advertisement in the form of a blue pencil, bearing their imprint. They call it the jumbo, and the name is appropriate. Timber must be plentiful yet in that part of the world when they can afford to put so much wood into a lead pencil. . — ROBIN, SADLER & HAWORTH MANUFACTURERS OF OAK TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL AND TORONTO yisee SHURLY & DIETRICH #8 [M\anuracturers OF THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES CALT, Clu wv OVW AAV VV TP EV YY VV WWW YUP VVTV V5 VY Y¥YV PVF VW WV YVRY OV WW PVVVOVIT SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET CREMIGAL PROCESS OF TEMPERING ci Silver Steel Saws are tinea ecooo WEST & PEACHBY eeee SIMCOE,” Orr: MANUFACTURERS OF j (eR a == eer Er NINES AND Bu OAK ‘TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 STEAM ROAD MAKER MY OdW Mill Machinery - NNED BELTING THE J.C.MSLAREN BELTING C2 montreat ee THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 15 Brantford Braneh, Montreal Braneh, 193 Colborne Street 345-347 St. James St. * ¢ ; 5 ROLES MONTY DN) | ae Ns NN eget LT |) Y/) oooooo SPECIAL BARGAINS ceo BOILERS, HORIZONTAL: | ENGINES—(Gontinued) Eleven 14 ft. long x 52 in. diameter. 33 4 in. tubes. One 4 in. x 6 in. upright engine. One 11 ft. 6 in. long x 48 in. diameter. 49 3 in. tubes. One 7 in. x 12 in. double cylinder, double drum hoisting engine. New. One 12 ft. long x 48 in. diameter. 54 3 in. tubes. One 16 in. x 21 in. “ Tutton” slide valve engine. One 14 ft. long x 44 in. diameter. 43 3 1n. tubes. One 2h. p. gas engine. One 5 ft. 6 in. long x 30 in. diameter. 20 3 in. tubes. One 12 in. x 30 in. Brown engine. Second-hand. One 1o ft. long.x 44 in. diameter. 47 3 in. tubes. Two 4 h. p. gas engines. One 12 ft. long x 26 in. diameter. 12 3 in. tubes. One 1I2in. x 12 in. Doty marine engine. One 14 ft. long x 50 in. diameter. 43 3) in. tubes. One 12 in. x 24 in. second-hand slide valve engine. Dickey, Niel Co.’s make. ‘One 11 ft. 6 in. long x 50 in. diameter. 60 3 in. tubes. One 10 x 28 in. “Cowan” slide valve engine. One 11 ft. 6 in. long x 38 in. diameter. 20 3 in. tubes. One 5% in. x 7 in. upright engine, with boiler. Connected. One 11 ft. 8 in. long x 44 in. diameter. 46 3 in. tubes. One 14 ft. long x 48-in. diameter. 58 3 in. tubes. One 5 ft. 9 in. long x 34 in. diameter. 30 3 in. tubes. One 6 in. x 6 in. upright engine. Doig make. New. One 8 in. x 12 in. slide valve engine. Second-hand. One 9g in. x 12 in. rebuilt engine. American make. Would do for hoisting. Ox One 12 ft. long x 54 in. diameter. 65 3 in. tubes. One 93 in. x 12 in. Rock valve engine. Waterous make. One 12 ft. long x 36 in. diameter. 33 3 in. tubes. One 9% in. x 12 in. Rock valve engine. Waterous make. One 14 ft. long x 60 in. diameter. 76 3 in. tubes. One 8% in. x 12 in. slide valve engine. One 12 ft. long x goin. diameter. 41 3 in. tubes. One 5 in. x II in. slide valve engine. One 10 ft. long x 42 in. diameter. 47 3 in. tubes. One 83 in. x 12 in. slide valve engine. Pump attached. One 10 ft. long x 36 in. diameter. 25 3 in. tubes. One 9% in. x 16 in. slide valve engine. Cowan make. Rebuilt. One 12 ft. long x 45 in. diameter. 32 3 in. tubes. One 9¥% in. x 12 in. slide valve engine. Rebuilt. One 10 ft. long x 36 in. diameter. 34 3 in. tubes. One Io in. x 12 in. slide valve engine. Erie Iron Works’ make. One shell 15 ft: x 42 in. One 16 in. x 28 in. pair twin engines. Kelley make. One 13% ft. long x 52 in. diameter. 55 3 in. tubes. One-7 1n. x 12 in. slide valve engine. One 5 ft. long x 30 in. diameter. 14 234 in. tubes. One pair double hoisting engines. No boiler. One 6 ft. 9 in. long x 36 in. diameter. 26 3 in. tubes. One return tubular boiler, 14 ft. long x 60 in. diameter. 101 3 in. tubes. PORTABLE ENGINES AND BOILERS : One 11% ft. long x 48 in. diametei. 40 3 in. tubes. Two Waterous Engine Works Co.’s. Champion style. On wheels. One 9 ft. long x 44 in. diameter. 47 3 in. tubes. One Morrison 12h. p. On wheels. One 16 ft. long x 52 in. diameter. 63 3 in. tubes. se Whitelaw. On wheels. : a . ne 4. h.p. oscillating engine and upright boiler, complete. On cast iron BOILERS, FIRE-BOX : base. One 14 ft. long x 36 in. diameter. 27 3 in. tubes. One 12 in.x 14 in. 40h. p. new “ Western Empire” portable engine and One 9 ft. 3 in. long x 30 m. diameter. 40 2 in. tubes. boiler. On wheels. One 11 ft. 6 in. long x 36 in. diameter. 39 2 in. tubes. One Io in. x 14 in. “‘ Western Empire” portable engine and boiler. On One 13 ft. 6 in. long x 33 in. diameter. 36 2 in. tubes. wheels. One 12 ft. 6 in. long x 32 in. diameter. 36 2 in. tubes. Several 12h. p. Leonard’s, White’s, and other makes. One 6 ft. long x 34 in. diameter. 39 2% in. tubes. f One fire-box boiler, 10 ft. long x 42 in. diameter. 33 3 in. tubes. W.E. W. PLANERS, SURFAGE, and PLANERS and MATGHERS: make. Return flue. ee, d One 16 in. surface planer. J. C. & Co. make. One W. E. W. fire-box, 11% ft. long x 36 in. diameter. 27 234 in. tubes. One 18 in. surface planer. J. C. & Co. make. One fire-box boiler, 12% ft. long x 42 in. diameter. 72 3 1n. tubes. One 24 in. double feed rolls, 8 in. diameter. One fire-box boiler, 6 ft. long x 30 in. diameter. 26 274 in. tubes. One 24 in. double feed eaicete ie diamactor | One fire-box boiler, 11 ft. long x 36 in. diameter. 30 3 in. tubes. Two 24 in. “Frank & Co.’s make, Buffalo. | One fire-box boiler, 4 h. p. One 24 in. revolving bed. Cowan. | 2 * . ig eae One 16 in. heading planer. Greenwood make. ENGINES—Horizontal, Upright, Marine, Gas and Hoisting : edisn: beading BanEr. Goldie & McCulloch make. One 28 in. x 36 in. heavy slide valve engine. One 26 in. revolving bed, double. McG., Gourley make. a One 24 in. x 30 in. heavy slide. W. Hamilton’s make, Peterboro’. One 24 inch Cant Bros. planer and matcher. _ One 18 in. x 36 in. heavy slide. : One 18 in. Little Giant planer and matcher. i One 14 in. x 36 in. Corliss engine, with condenser. One 24 inch planer and matcher. One 8 in. x 12 in. upright engine, Waterous Engine Works’ make. Second- One 24 in. planer and matcher. Eclipse. Cant Bros. Co. make. hand. . , ; One 24 in. planer and matcher. Goldie & McCulloch make. One new 8 hb. p. upright automatic engine. Abell’s make. One 24 in. planer and matcher. Harper make. One second-hand 1 h. p. horizontal engine. Two 24-in. double planers and matchers. McKechnie & Bertram, makers, One 1 h.p. horizontal engine. New. — Dundas. < One 3 in. x 4 in. upright automatic engine. One 24 1n. double planer and matcher and beader. Ball & Co., makers, Two horizontal engines, 5 in. x 9 In. 2 Worchester, Mass., U.S.A. ‘ One 7 in. x 10 in. upright engine. English make. Second-hand. One 24 in. double planer and matcher. Harper make. One 8 in. x 12 in. horizontal engine. Second-hand. One diagonal door planer. ; | One § in. x ro in. horizontal engine. Second-hand. : One 24 in. double planer and matcher, new. Cowan make. | One 4 in. x 9 in. horizontal engine. Second-hand. ; One 12 in. x 141m. horizontal engine. Second-hand. One 5 in. x 8 in. Leonard horizontal engine. Second-hand. One Whitney pattern 28 in. surface machine. One 24 in. planer and matcher. Second-hand. Bowmanville make. One 24 in. planer and matcher. McKechnie & Bertram make. STANDARD...) WATER WHEEL | , 4, ADE in sizes from 6 inches to 84 inches diameter. Wheel one solid casting. = | | 84 per cent. of power guaranteed. eee eae NprTaeary In five pieces. Includes whole of case, either To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. | | i register or cylinder gate. Water put on full This road traverses a section of Michigan with un- Hl | gate or shut completely off with half turn of rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving aM hand wheel, and as easily governed as any villages and towns, well watered with streams in all Mii ei aeRO Se teeny Pee directions : a market for every product of Forest and Cut showing Wheel Reuoved from Case. i "The policy of the “F.& P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. Generat Orrices: - SAGINAW, MICA. Write for Estimates, References and Catalogues of the STANDARD WATER WHEEL, also Milled and Rough Gearing of every size and description ; Engines, Mill Machinery and Electric Power Plants ; Latest Improved Band Saw Brazing Tables ; Shears and Gummers ; also Surface Grinder for Shingle Saws. 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMWMAN Novemser, 1895 Tue Rovac Evectric Company : : MONTREAL, Gi aa, ngttnonasrorowvo-onr. | Patent Rossing Machine Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ MANUFACTURERS OF Electrical Machinery *. Apparatus LIGHT and POWER . . » STEARNS BROTHERS... Whu you should use this Rosser..... It will do double the work of any other. It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark or block out. It is a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. All iron and steel, very simple and durable, SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHT AND POWER waste. It occupies about the same space as an ordinary laner. ALSO FOR S S| ¢ hi = 7 buying it. ELEGTRIG PLANTS FOR MILLS a NN ie re Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. po = cS EASTMAN LUMBER CO. CORRESPONDENGE SOLICITED. aS ee aa EASTMAN, QUE. Canada Atlantic Railwa OTTAWA, ARNPRIOR AND PARRY SOUND RAILWAY ia OPERATING THE e Ottawa and New York Lumber Line - Ottawa and Boston Lumber Line - Canada Atlantic Fast Freight Line (Operating over the Grand Trunk, Central Vermont, and Boston and Maine Railways.) For through rates, information and list of lumber dealers, apply to any officer of these lines or connections, or to ——: SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE : ... FROM AND TO.,. e OTTAWA ARNPRIOR HAWKESBURY J R. A. CARTER JOHN SMITH TORONTO MONTREAL BURLINGTON = — Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade Ontario Agent, Board Trade BUFFALO QUEBEC BOSTON NY4 MONTREAL TORONTO DETROIT HALIFAS NEw YORE @ : TONAWANDA PORTLAND ALBANY, &C. CAPT. J. H. WILLIAMS CG. J. SMITH AND ALL POINTS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. 15 Lumber Distriet, Albany, N. Y. General Freight Agent, Ottawa. P. S.—The opening of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa to the Georgian Bay, offers to the manufacturer and purchaser a new district not heretofore reached by any other line. It will ross knotty and uneven timber without 5) , You can have a chance to try a machine before 4 a Dauntless Shingle and Heading Machine [copy.] . WILL make more Shingles per day than any seif-acting machine withe vertical saw in existence, and more Shingles from the same quantity of timber. Hastines, Dec. 3, 1894. F. J. DRAKE, Esq., Belleville. Dear Sir,—We have waited two years before giving you our idea of vour machinery. This we did to thoroughly test it, and can now say we know what it can do. Your Saw Mill is equal, or nearly A i il Hh \y J Aull | ve Mf -| equal, to any we have seen of much Vy, il | heavier make, and far in advance of any light rig in the market. The capacity per day is fully up to your guarantee, 40 M perday. We have tested with eight men. The Shingle Mill cannot be beaten for any kind of timber. Ours being in a manner a custom mill, we have good, bad and indifferent timber, but for all it does the work satisfac- orily. ; You may use this in any way you please, or refer to us at any time. i LON = Vel VO) ... Is of Iron throughout, very heavy and rigid, strongly bolted and braced. THE CARRIAGE ... Is_very light and strong, made of forged Cast Steel Plate, running on steel ways or tracks. Will take in a block 18 inches wide and Ig inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles, CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY. Fd DRAKE wanurnerdner of SAW, SHINGLE AND LATH MACHINERY Care Canadian Locomotive & Engine Co., KINGSTON, ONT. Yours truly, _ (Sgd.) W. J. & H. W. Fow xps. £3 2S Re Fs , j . a ; Pee its “tale 1 ; { ey, id a. J ¥ at NoveMBER, 1895 eri ea ADA LUMMeHRMAN how general the ‘Band Sawmill” for cutting lumber has become (24 Allis Bands sold in Canada since January 1894.) Reflect how great the profit from its use. 15 to 20% more luinber than the Crr- cular from the same stock. Better Sawn, Smoother, Truer, nearer to ize. That the ‘*Band is no experiment. That there is no trouble now in procuring men to care for the saws (We teach your circular filer.) Try for yourself how it will increase your profits and recoup you jor all outlay the first season. Consult your own interests. Secure a “New Ailis Band” from BRANTFORD, Waterou S, CANADA. We have for many wears been the representatives in Ganada of the EWART LINK BELTING Our stock is ample and well assorted, insuring prompt shipment of all sizes and specials... . Very large line of Gorrect Sprocket Wheel Patterns. Special Lines for Log Jacks of GIANT GHAIN, TUBULAR GHAIN, STEEL FLAT LINK GHAIN. Also Block, 550, Steel, and other cheap chains for heavu reiuse carriers, GABLE GONVEYORS, ROPE DRIVES. Send for New Link Belt Catalogue No. 15. Just out of press. NEW “ALLIS”? BAND MILL It Will Pav YOu to investigate the merits of our Machinery . .. before ordering elsewhere... Band versus Circular CENTRAL COAL & COKE CO. J. W. AMERMAN, L D a Mngr. Lumber Dept. SRA ie ae eS Mills and Office, TEXARKANA, Texas, Sept. 7, 95. Tue Epw. P. ALLIs Co. ; Gentlemen,—Do we prefer a band mill to a circular? Certainly we do. Why? i Because the difference in kerf alone saves from the sawdust pile at least 20 per cent. of lumber as compared with circular; because ex- penses are not increased through our recent substitution of band for cir- cular, as the same sawyer, filer and carriage crew are employed now as when the circular was slashing away at our logs; because the outcome of higher grades shows a flattering gain, product looks better, being smoother and more evenly sawed; because our present output, instead of disclosing a decrease as expected, in log scale daily, exhibits a steady advance from week to week in quantity, and any expert lumberman can easily estimate board measure results,—band versus circular. The band mill is not a device for white pine alone; it is a mill for every section where hard or soft woods are sawed, and I expect to live to see the time when not a single rotary will be in use in a Southern mill plant. We prophesy that, like the Indian of scalp-lock and totem, this circu- lar is doomed to extinction ; that a new Allis band mill is better, cheaper and more durable in every way than a circular mill ; and our present source of regret is that when we ordered from you in May one of your new Allis band mills, we did not arrange for just two of them. Yours very truly, J. W. AMERMAN, Manager. FoR Price and Full Information NEW ALLIS BAND MILLS regarding the... - SOLD IN CANADA SINCE NEW ALLIS BAND JAN., 1894, ALL OF WHICH NeW ALLY Va GIVE EQUALLY AS GOOD address the RESULTS AS THE ABOVE. WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS 60. LID. Manufacturers of a complete line of high BRANTFORD, CANADA grade Saw Mill Machinery. BAND anocrcuar = WATEROUS BOILERS BRANTFORD BRICK MACHINERY < ie CANADA GRINDERS HIGH GRADE GRIP PULLEYS MACHINERY THE CANADA LUMBERMAN J. B. WALL, President. BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER CO. VINE CRANDALL, Vice-President. . WHOLESALE DEALERS IN. fe £> NovEMBER, 1895, M. M. WALL, Treasurer. — * HARDWOOD LUMBER * ARTIES manufacturing or having for sale Birch, Maple, Basswood, Soft or Rock Elm, White or Brown Ash, &c., should correspond with us, as we are always in the ante for such desirable stock. Annual Sales, 25,000,000 Feet. 940 Erk STREET —o/[/ BUFFALO, N.Y. We have our own Salesmen in New York and New England. J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath & Shingles BRAGEBRIDGE, ONT. THE REID CO., OF TORONTO (LIMITED) | LUMBER = Wholesale and Retail = . COAL . Handle all kinds of Pine and Hardwood umber. LONG OAK BILLS A SPECIALTY Office : Corner King and Berkeley Sts. Dock: Foot of Berkeley St. : is LB ion ZA eine The “BOSS” B. ie Mowry k Son, Shingle Machine ag] SW re a SHINGLE MILL | Machine | MAGHINERY pad a i : ; i Market Shingle Machineru a Specialty REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND CAREFULLY EXECUTED DONOGH & OLIVER WHOLESALE DEALERS IN ee LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES = TORONTO: 204-205 Board of Trade Building. BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. = ee SS GE EEE Se EEE EES Ea ERE EEE EL EEE EEE EEEEEEESEEEEEEES EER GILMOUR % COMPANY White Ping Lumber | ee Tee | Prices ONTARIO, CANADA J THE “SHANTY QUEEN” AXE °« GAMPBELL BROS. »e Manufacturers and try this axe in fr rosty weather St. John, N. B. — WRITE FOR PRICES — DO not Send for sample lot D6 MIsi6d [oe Headquarters for Kiln-Dried, Bored, End Matched and Polished Maple Flooring is (5. Ellas & BPO. BUFFALO, N.Y. Gravenhurst, Ont. cultilt a ‘ im Am mul lin Hit yl i | | zl fmm | | Mil | bh atte hj Sane ~e'\@ aOR. oe x,> f y JON alg TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER, 1895 Peet = 2 IN USE BY Mien. Leading earermroen yS High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woollen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, F lour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS ee IIAGNOLIA METAL CO. man HONDON OFFICE Go bBUEE. RADERS. BUILDIN 74 Gortlandt St.. NEW YORK G ONTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS —— THE — - rT a” : ny “| AUTOMATIC MORSE” VALVE MACHINE Tu. “The Morse” —_ js the only ma hine in the market that INJ ECTOR Aas ams F will reface Steam Valves in position. Se . 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. ae Should be in every Lumber Mill Tih i > \ \} ) ee rer Grek 85 OOO Engineers have : Ve = = Ay \ vy = OIL CUPS ; used it, and de- rs Goce) “tl ah 4 iz 4 Me 2 is ARE THE BEST Mes clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. shin = = (sree Kore CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. 3 Valve Reseating Outfit. WB i mL : ji 1 " Branch Factory : DARLING BROTHERS, W@ evn PEN BERTHY INJECTOR CO. «Reliance Works,” - MONTREAL. _S DETROIT, MICH. CLVTEVVVVVVSVVVVSVSSVAETAS Silver Solder seep ie Fasuat ior ee: Ja Price $1.00 per ounce, in ro ounce lots. : Pp. W. ELLIS & CO., $ 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. | Cc. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons J. L. Goodhue & Go. CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS = ONTARIO. MANUFACTURERS OF Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING ete as. ano LACE LEATHER | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. Ee) aa ville, Qines MANUFACTURING JEWELERS. SLVVVVVVVVVVVTVSVSVTVAS ES = 2aSpes SER SeceLEaEneeee fen Sale el ERAS? E.R. BURNS SAW 60:-2-Toronto ay = Circular and Long Saws ME NN, x4 SHINGLE SAWS A SPECIALTY % Eeeae Edvey Guewy oS . - AND =. % THE “BURNS” CROSS-CUT SAW HANDLE The Strongest, Most Durable and Easily Adjusted Handle ever invented. PATENTED JUNE 26, 1893 co ASK YOUR AARDWARE MERCHANT FOR IT phd: Jef Poneto ; 4 ee Ree DECEMBER, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN © ~0©6O6G00~ OO OOOGOE~ , — I mu | THE WM. HAMILTON MEG. CO. Lrtp. : PETERBOROUGH, ONT. : Branch OCmice: Vancouver 2. c. PSS ~ RS I WAs SS ‘ \ > Wala WANS AN SAX SN AA SAN N S OY SN HE CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVI. NUMBER 12. HON. A. S. HARDY, COMMISSIONER OF CROWN LANDS FOR ONTARIO. ON. ARTHUR STURGIS HARDY, Q. C., Com- missioner of Crown Lands for the province of On- tario, whose portrait we present herewith, is a well known figure among lumbermen, from the fact that he has had in his hands for a number of years the adminis- tration of a department with which they have had much todo. A brief sketch of his career will be of interest. Mr. Hardy was born at the little village of Mount Pleasant, in the county of Brant, Ont., on the 14th of December, 1837. His father was Russell Hardy and his mother Juletta Sturgis, both of V. E. stock. Russell Hardy was a farmer at Mount Pleasant, but subsequent- ly moved to Brantford and engaged in commercial pur- suits. The subject of this sketch commenced his education at the school in his native village, and afterwards attended the Brantford grammar school and the Rockwood Academy. Having made up his mind to study law, he entered his uncle’s office at Brantford, and afterwards spent some time in the office of the Hon. R. A. Harrison, afterwards Chief Justice Harrison, in Toronto. In 1861 he passed as an attorney, and immediately commenced practice at Brantford. In 1865, at Easter term, he was called to the bar. At that time Hon. E. B. Wood was the leading lawyer in Brantford, in fact he was one of the leading practitioners in Ontario. Some- times called “Big Thunder,” his elocutionary powers were known far ani wide, and by means of the power which astrong mind exercises over weaker ones, he was able to sway juries almost at his will. But the young lawyer who had just passed was ready to face him. The first brief Lf he held was in an important case, in which he was opposed to his powerful elder. Mastering all the details of his case, he presented it with: marked ability, and won. Thenceforward his success was assured. His business grew, and a lucrative practice was rapidly built up. His success in criminal cases was remarkable. From 1865 to 1867 de defended no less than 16 prisoners charged with capital offences, of whom only one was convicted, and he did not suffer the extreme penalty of the law. In 1867 he was appointed city solicitor for Brantford, in i875 he was elected a bencher of the Law Society, and in 1876 made a Q. C. Such a man was almost certain to be called upon to take an active part in politics, and few resist the temptation. When Hon. E. B. Wood entered the government of the late Hon. John Sandfield Mac- donald, in 1867, Mr. Hardy was urged to oppose him. He wisely declined, preferring to give his entire atten- tion for atime to his profession. He, however, took part in the campaign, and it was largely due to his efforts that Mr. Wood’s former majority was greatly re- duced. In 1873, when Mr. Wood resigned to take the appointment of Chief Justice for Manitoba, Mr. Hardy took the field as a candidate, and was elected, after a bitter contest, over Mr. J. J. Hawkins, a strong local candidate, by a majority of 189. Two years later, at the general election, no one was found to oppose him, and he was returned by acclamation. He has since sat continuously for South Brant. In 1877 Mr. Hardy entered the government of Sir Oliver Mowat as Provincial Secretary and Registrar. On the retirement of the late Hon. T. B. Pardee in 1889 he was transferred to the Department of Crown Lands, which he has since continued to administer. Mr. Hardy early evinced those qualifications which TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER, 1895 4) TERMS,$1.00 PER YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents have contributed in such a marked degree to his suc- cess. While attending the Mount Pleasant school as a boy, he was fond of elocutionary exercises. He is a ready and effective speaker, a good debater, has a great amount of dash and fire, combined with attention to de- tails, mental alertness and.a pleasing manner. He is quick in detecting the weak points in an opponent’s argument, ready at repartee, and can work in a humor- ous story with effect. He is withal a hard hitter, and where vigorous campaign work is to be done, is the member of the government usually selected. He is earnest and enthusiastic, a hard worker, and his admin- istration of the crown lands department has been able and vigorous. Whether the policy pursued is the best for the country we leave for the politicians to decide. y cu RS S ea “2 ar ty Hon. A. S. HARDY. In the event of a vacancy in the premiership while the Reform party is in the ascendant, Hon. Mr. Hardy will be the coming man. Mr. Hardy is a member of the Church of England. On the 19th of June, 1870, he married Mary, daughter of the late Mr: Justice Mortison, by whom he has _ four children. While his home is at Brantford, most of his time is spent at the seat of government in Toronto. STRENGTH OF BRIDGE TIMBERS. T the fifth annual Convention of the American As- sociation of Railway Superintendents of Bridges and Buildings, held at New Orleans in October, a report was presented by a committee which had been appointed to investigate the strength of bridge and trestle timbers, with special reference to Southern yellow pine, white pine, fir and oak. The report contains some very inter- esting facts for timbermen. It appears from the tests applied that Canadian pine stands high up in its adapta- bility for railway bridges and trestles, the only woods which surpassed it being Georgia yellow pine and Douglas yellow fir. Summarizing the conclusions of the committee we have the following facts brought out :— Of all structural materials used for bridges and trestles timber is the most variable as to the properties and strength of different pieces classed as belonging to the same species. : The various names applied to the same species in different parts of the country lead to great confusion in applying the results of tests. Variations in strength are generally directly propor- tional to the density or weight of timber. As a rule, a reduction of moisture is accompanied by an increase in strength; 1m other words, seasoned lum- ber is stronger than green lumber. Structures should be, in general, designed for the strength of green or moderately seasoned lum- ber of average quality and not fora high grade of well-seasoned material. Age or use do not destroy the strength of tim- ber, unless decay or season-checking takes place. Timber, unlike materials of a more homo- geneous nature, as iron and steel, has no well- defined limit of elasticity. Asa rule, it can be strained very near to the breaking point without serious injury, which accounts for the continu- ous use of many timber structures with the ma- terial strained far beyond the usually accepted safe limits. On the other hand sudden and frequently inexplicable failures of individual sticks at very low limits are liable to occur. Knots, even when sound and tight, are a cause of weakness both in beams and struts. They are detrimental to timber even in com- pression. Except in top logs of a tree, or very small and young timber, the heart-wood is not so strong as the material further away from the heart. Top logs are not as strong as butt logs. Compression tests vary less for one species of timber than any other kind of test, and are there- fore the most reliable. Long timbers generally fail by lateral deflec- tion or buckling when the length exceeds the cross section by 20 diameters. Uneven end bearings and eccentric loading of columns produce more serious disturbance than is generally supposed. Compound columns show the same unit re- 2 sistance as each component stick. More attention should be given in practice to the proper proportioning of bearing areas, in other words, the compressive bearing resistance of tim- ber. with and across grain, especially the latter, owing to the tendency of an excessive crushing stress across grain to indent the timber, thereby destroying the fiber and increasing the liability to speedy decay, especially when exposed to the weather and the continual working produced by moving loads. The strength of timber, the report points out, varies greatly according to the physical properties of different sticks of the same species, due not only to locality where grown but alse to percentage of moisture, degree of seasoning, grain, texture, proportion of hard and soft fibres, presence of knots, etc. The committee recommend further tests of the various timbers. The results so far are eminently satisfactory as to the ;uality of Canadian pine, and must help to encourage its use for bridges and trestles. The Sutherland-Innes Co., of Chatham, have assumed control of a large stave mill at Munising, Mich. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN LUMBERMAN FOR SENATOR. WELL-KNOWN Buffalo lumberman, Mr. Abraham J. Elias, whose portrait is presented herewith, has received the Democratic nomination for Senator for the 47th Senatorial District of the State of New York. This district is embraced within the city of Buffalo. We notice that the candidature of Mr. Elias is endorsed by some of the leading lumber firms of Buffalo, including Mr. J. B. Wall, of the Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Com- pany. This seems to be one of the best guarantees of Mr. Elias’ fitness for the high position to which he as- pires. THE ST. ANTHONY CO’S. MILL. YEAR and a half ago the country at the foot of Long Lake, an expansion of the Madawaska River, 144 miles west of Ottawa, was an unbroken forest. Now there is situated there one of the most complete and perfectly equipped saw-mills, in Canada, and a thriving village growing up, containing an industrious community. This is due to the building of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, which has opened up a district containing much valuable timber, that could not before be reached on account of its distance from railway com- munication. The railway is not yet completed, but work is being rapidly pushed, and it will be in operation, if no unforeseen delay happens, to Parry Sound next season. Meanwhile it is being operated to the end of the track. The St. Anthony Lumber Co., which has built the mill referred to, is composed of Messrs. E. M. Fowler, of Chicago ; Arthur. Hill, of Sagi- naw, and E. C. Whitney, the manager, who makes his headquarters at Ottawa. Of course there have to be two or three other shareholders to meet the conditions of the law, which requires at least five persons to form a joint stock com- pany, but the three gentlemen named are virtu- ally the company. Mr. Whitney is a Canadian by birth, having been born three miles from Morrisburg, in the county of Dundas, - but he has lived for 30 years in the United States, and gained his knowledge of the lumber trade at Minneapolis. He possesses much of that shrewd character and energy which is typical of so many of his fellow-citizens on the other side, and he will doubtless make the business of the St. Anthony Co. a remunerative one. He isa brother of Mr. Whitney, M.P.P. for the county of Dundas, and a prominent figure in the On- tario legislature. The company purchased limits from Messrs. Pattee & Perley, the well-known Ottawa lumber firm, in 1892, and have since secured other limits, so that they have now nearly 400 square miles from which to draw their supply ot logs. These limits are on the head-waters of the Madawaska and its tributaries, and are said to be the best in Ontario. They contain a vast amount of white pine which has never been touched, Their property at Whitney, where the mill is situated, consists of some 1800 acres. Long Lake affords excel- lent storage facilities for logs. The mill buildings consist of the lumber mill, 88 x 208 feet, a shingle and lath mill 48x50, a sorting shed 32x270, a boiler and engine house 72 x 82, and an electric power house 36x46. The Inmber miil contains three band Saws and one gang. The band saws are driven by an 800 horse-power Milwaukee built engine and the gang by a 200 horse-power Saginaw built engine. The elec- tric plant bas a separate engine of 75 horse-power, built at Peterboro. Steam is supplied by 8 boilers, 60x20 feet each, having 18 six-inch flues. There is also a 125 horse-power bciler for the steam pump, but this is not fired when the mill is running. Saw-dust is used for fuel and the furnaces are fed automatically. The sur- plus and mill refuse is consumed in a burner 30 feet in diameter and 90 feet high. The buildings are covered throughout with iron, no shingles being used whatever. The sprinkling system of fire protection is employed. No other mill in Canada has it. The boiler and engine house is fireproof. The mill will cut white pine lumber,lath and shingles. It has a capacity of 200,000 feet per ten hours. The output willbe shipped over the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway to the United States market. The mill differs from all others in Canada and is pro- vided with the most modern machinery. The logs are not touched by hand from the time they enter till they are sawed. The lumber is sorted automatically, and is taken from the mill to the piling ground on small cars, the facilities being such that two single horses can haul it all away. In June, 1894, Whitney was a forest; on July 25th, 1895, the mill commenced sawing. It is the intention of the company to build up a model community. The business of the place will be kept in the company’s own hands, and no outsiders will be allowed to locate on their property. The sale of whiskey will be strictly pro- hibited, and drunkenness, or connivance thereat, will be punished with instant dismissal. The men are at pre- sent accommodated in the company’s boarding houses, but cottages will be provided for the married men, to each of which a quarter of an acre of ground will be at- tached, which the men will be obliged to cultivate. Some fifty such cottages will be erected. It is the in- tention to gather together an industrious and thrifty community, which will be characterized for sobriety ang Mr.ABRAHAM J. ELIAS. ndustry. There are 340 men employed at the mill and about 500 in the woods. THE S. HADLEY LUMBER CO., LTD., CHATHAM, ONT. ee S. Hadley Co., Ltd., of Chatham, Ont., do busi- ness in a large two storey brick building 60 ft. by 84 ft., situated on Wellington street. Their wholesale yard is on Thames street, on the bank of the Thames tiver, and the retail and storage yards are on: Wellington street, one at their mill and one further down the street. On the ground floor is their engine room and lumber dressing room. The engine and boiler room, in one, is under the care of Mr. A. Jones, who has one assistant. The engine is a 45 h. p., McKeough & Trotter, makers, Chatham, and the boiler, by the same makers, is also 45 h. p. They intend putting in new engines and boilers. A dry kiln, with a capacity of 20,000 feet, is also on the ground floor, and was made by A. R. Williams & Co., Toronto. The same company have also placed one up- Stairs, having a capacity of 18,000 feet. The dry kilns are supplied by a Williams blower. The same blower heats the building with hot air. The machinery on the ground floor consists of a double surfacer and planer, a large sticker, and a swing cross-cut saw. The machinery upstairs consists of a ~ oS DECEMBER, 1895 large anda small sticker, a universal jig saw, sand paperer and boring machine combined, a tread saw table, a shaper, a doweling machine, a blind and slat machine, a band saw, a tenoning machine, a large mor- tiser, a foot power mortiser, a tread boring machine, a turning lathe, and ail the tcols of a well equipped fac- tory. A blower draws all the shavings from the ma- chine into a 12 inch main and sends them to a ‘cyclone’ on the roof, when the wind passes out and the shavings shoot down into the shavings room or the furnace, at the will of the engineer, who controls their course by a slide which throws the shavings into the furnace pipe or the shavings room pipe. The firm, consisting of three brothers, do an extensive trade in contractors’ supplies and a wholesale lumber business. They also do fine woodworking, such as panels, mantels, and engraved furniture. They have a large list of customers and have been busy all season, and have good expectations of the spring trode. A SAW MILL SUIT. 4 aoe following suit recently came before the Court of Appeal for Ontario :— MCNAB vs. TOWNSHIP OF DyYSART.—Judgment on appeal by defendants from order of Chancery Divisional Court, whereby, owing to difference of opinion, directing judgment to be entered for plaintiff for $200 and costs on High Court scale was affirmed. The plaintiff built a saw mill on the shore of Head lake, in the township of Dysart, upon or contiguous to the former site of a mill, and upon what he claimed was made ground, caused by reason of the deposit of a large amount of sawdust, refuse, and other stuff from the former mill, and not, as he claimed, to encroach upon any lands of defendants. The defendant Prust, the clerk of the said township, - under orders from the corporation, entered and took down and removed the mill, and plaintiff brought this action for $5,000 damages, The trial judge found that one-half the mill was built upon an allowance for road of defendants, and that a consent given by defendants for erection of mill had been duly and properly rescinded, but that the by-law so doing, not having been confirmed by the County Council, was without force ; and that the other half of the mill was erected on ground leased by plaintiff from one Irwin, the owner thereof, and that defendants were not justified in interfering with such half. Appeal dismissed with costs. Watson, Q.C., for appellants. Steers (Lindsay) for plaintiff. ——————— CHATHAM, ONT., ITEMS. [Special Correspondence CANADA LuMBERMAN.] Seta S. Hadley Lumber Co., Ltd., Chatham, re- port that barn boards are in good demand at present and stock is good. The prices are firm, collections hard and business slacking off. They have had a successful season and have received a boat load, besides that coming by rail, every two weeks from Georgian Bay. P. L. Barry has let his stock ran down as he desires to sell planing mill and stock and retire from business, J. J. Piggott & Son have had a busy season both in the retail and wholesale yards in Chatham and Windsor, and the planing mills are running long hours to keep up with orders, s | -3 | | Blonde Bros., lumber dealers and contractors, are ending up a successful season, though some of their work will not be com- pleted till far into the winter. They have the carpenter work of the R. C. church at Goderich. The water is low in the Thames river, making it difficult for boats with lumber cargoes to come up so far as Chatham. eee The Sutherland & Innes Lumber Co. is said to be one of the largest and wealthiest in the world. Its headquarters are at New York and Liverpool, England. It operates 17 large mills in Canada besides many in the United States. The value of the manufactures of wood imported into Canada and entered for consumption, during the month of October, was $60,969, and the duty collected thereon $13,- 863.45. The value of wood, cabinet makers, etc., imported for consumption, free, was $62,753. The value of products of the forest exported was, the produce of Canada, $2,903,977, produce of other countries, $20,576, total $2,924,553. a 4 : on = ‘DECEMBER, 1895 AN OJIBWAY DIARY. Ww present to our readers herewith a fac-simile of a couple of pages of the Ojibway diary recently sent in as a report to the Crown Lands Department at To- ronto, and referred to in the last issue of the LUMBER- MAN. The diary is written in lead pencil ina small book, and the fac simile is for the first part of the month of May, the dates of which will be seen onthe margin. Sunday is marked bya cross, thus x. Ignace Dufond, the author, isa fire ranger on Mr. W. McKay’s limits, and is a 1 pbue Ad voor ted Ped ] 148 4600 te Ce ea Kea ntpe or” Ne t- N4Od ant KEW AO xt Si, anv 140 Wee Dre 9 wa toe Mar KWL m1 F ect S 3 eae fr 1aee VOL 1000- Dranemtt' fro fri to TAA now ma demar nan he Adc A 4E0R fia 144 tHe Wvrw CE fe0tie 0% Tt Ne ant ne akan . x We ee fee at Maw ne Me fo mee ye te cen tee te ta ae 1a WH foe pr ge Wer 7 4et' fre “wa t ee ed: MNtcw 7. ale free ten ee He! foe re fe™ 72 we Woe Sve sade 4 He ‘ , he Meee tH clever half breed. The Amable Dufond River is named after his father who lived in that section. The diary is all written in syllables and follows the phonetic system, regardless of rule, the syllable to express a certain sound not always being spelled the same. Thereis nothing to indicate the end ofa word or sentence, so that it is rather difficult to read. Any of the readers of the LUMBERMAN who understand Ojibway can amuse themselves trying to make it out. WHAT IS SAID OF DODGE PATENT FRICTION CLUTCH PULLEY. Quaco West, St. John Co., N.B., Oct. 29th, 1895. Gro. H. Evans, Esoq., Agent Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., St. John, N.B. Dear Str,—I have had one of the! Dodge Wood Pulley Co.’s Split Friction Clutch Pulleys in use for the last month. It transmits 50 h.p in a stationary rotary, saw-mill, and. never slips or shows the least sign of weakness. It gives me perfect satisfaction in every respect. , Yours respectfully, (Sgd.) S. PATTERSON. TIMBER AND FORESTRY. LeEcTuRE BY Sir HENRI JOLY DE LOTBINIERE. ge Y. M. C. A. of Montreal, has recently inaugu- rated a course of popular lectures on the national resources of Canada, the first of which was given on the 7th of November, by Sir Henri Joly de Lotbiniere, the well-known authority on forestry, who chose for his sub- ject “Our Timber and Forests.” The following is a re- port of the lecture. Canada, he said, though it was looked upon as the land of forests, only ranked as the fourth timber export- ing country in the world. Sweden and Norway ex- ported a larger quantity of timber than we did, as did also Russia and Austria. Canada’s exportations in the way of timber consisted chiefly of pine and spruce, the former of which was now found mainly in Ontario, while the greater proportion of the latter was to be found in this province. In “ Forest Wealth of Canada,” published by the Federal Government, Mr Johnson, Dominion Statistician, expressed the opinion that the first quality of pine had disappeared, and though there was a con- siderable quantity of the second quality, still Canada was within measurable distance of the time, with the ex- ception of spruce, as to wood, and British Columbia, as to provinces, when it would cease to be a wood-export- ing country. To prove his statement that the first qual- ity of pine was rapidly disappearing, Mr. Johnson had furnished figures fiom the cullers’ return of 1865 to 1893, which showed that there had been a gradual decrease in the average number of cubic feet per stick. Up to within a few years ago, said Sir Henri, we alone worked our forests, but now our neighbors to the south had kindly come in, and were demonstrating the activity characteristic of them by removing our pine trees, as was shown by the fact that out of seven hundred and forty million feet of lumber cut down in Ontario last year, two hundred and forty million feet were exported to the United States. Canada had lost the monopoly of her forests, and if the present ratio of destruction was to continue it would be but a very few years before the forests of our country would disappear forever. He contended that it was not the cutting down of the logs from which the country derived benefit, but it was the manufacturing of them, and it was, therefore, essen- tial that Canada should take such steps as would insure the manufacture of logs into timber within the Dominion. If the timber was manufactured here, it would afford employment to those young men who were now forced to beg for work across the line. Canadians were not doing their duty to posterity or to themselves when, having lost the flower of their forest almost completely, they allowed the little that remained to be taken away to the United States in order to be manufactured there. It was the duty of the present generation not only to hand down the Canadian forests to their posterity un- impaired, but inan improved condition. The pine forest of our land had almost disappeared, and great care must be exercised in the future if a total annihilation was not to ensue. As to spruce, which was found in the Province of Quebec much more plentiful than pine, the great dan- ger that threatened it was the pulp wood industry, which consumed enormous quantities each year. To supply the raw material for the 1,250 tons of ground wood pulp, chemical pulp and sulphide pulp, now used in the United States, about 2,200 cords of spruce per day were re- quired. Every twelve months 100,000 acres of forest is cleared of its mature spruce, while nearly 4,700,000 feet of spruce logs are used up for this purpose every twenty- four hours, or upwards of 500,000,000 feet per annum. During the last ten years the pulp business in the United States had increased 500 per cent. Five years ago the ground product was estimated at $12,375,000. It con- tinued to be the great staple of paper manufacture. For its ordinary daily supply of paper the New York World requires all the marketable spruce fit to cut which grows on seven acres of average spruce forest, and the Petit Journal, published in Paris, France, with a circula- tion of 1,000,000 copies per day, consumes in a twelve month 120,000 fir trees of an average height of 66 feet. This was equivalent to the annual thinning of 25,000 acres of forest. Last year the American manufacturers exported over $2,000,000 worth of pulp paper. This was two and one- THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ; half times the amount of their business in the same line in 1894, This year they expected that the amount exported would total a sum of $2,520,000. The pulp in- dustry in the United States alone, in its drain upon the spruce forests of Canada, used up these native im- ports of 100,000 acres per annum. Wheels, horse shoes, water pipes, pails, tubs, flower pots, domestic utensils and furniture of every description, protective armor to torpedo rams, bullets for rifle use, boots and shoes, bed clothes, apparel for the body, food products, alcohol and yarn, were now manufactured from pulp wood. The lecturer contended that the forest should be studi- ously protected by legislation. In Canada, the Domin- ion Government was the custodian of the forests, the latter being Crown property. They could control the output and could bring legislation to bear upon the question of preserving them unimpaired for future gener- ations. To prevent the rapid destruction of the spruce forests, Sir Henri recommended that the cutting down of young trees should be prohibited by legislation. He explained the important part which the forests played in the economy of the world. They were necessary to the fertility of the country, to the success of agriculture, to the navigation of the rivers, and for those industries which require a regular supply of water. The forest preserved the rain among its roots, thereby lending moisture to the surrounding country. . Used with a wise discrimination, the Canadian forests would last forever. In conclusion, Sir Henri maintained that the cheapest way of propagating trees was by sowing the seed of the kinds required, and making regular nurseries, from which they could be transplanted to the forest. Thus, with comparatively little trouble and inconvenience, there could be restored to the older settlements a great deal of the forest wealth that had been wasted. As in the case of planting, great care should also be exercised in pruning. Every tree grown in the open would neces- sarily have to be pruned each year, and as in everything else, there was a right way as well as a wrong way of doing this. The limbs should be cut off even with the trunk of the tree. When this was done nature speedily healed the wound and the life of the tree was saved. But if a small portion of the limb was allowed to remain the result would be death and destruction to the tree long before nature, in spite of strenuous efforts to the contrary, was able to cover the wound with the protec- tive bark. A number of specimens, showing the results of good and bad pruning, were exhibited by the lecturer, who concluded his remarks by touching upon the benefits which would accrue from interesting the young in agri- culture. In replying to a vote of thanks Sir Henri added a few explanations with regard to the growing of pine from seed. PUBLICATIONS. It is announced that ex-President Benjamin Herrison is en- gaged in writing a series of magazine articles for The Ladies’ Home Journal, in which periodical they will begin in the De- cember number. The Magnolia Metal Co., 74 Cortland street, New York, have recently published a new illustrated catalogue, containing results of tests by the United States Navy Department, Ohio State University, Cornell University, Mason College, etc., de- monstrating the superiority of magnolia metal as an anti-friction metal. Its superior adaptability for machinery bearings in steamships, railroads, electrical, saw and rolling mill work, is proved by the numerous testimonials printed in this catalogue from companies who have tested its quality for these purposes. People everywhere are standing aghast at the wondrous strides of the Family Herald and Weekly Star, Montreal. Certainly few Canadians were prepared to see a Canadian paper take the head of the procession and become such a conspicuous all-round favorite so soon. The Family Herald and Weekly Star, Montreal, is simply a marvellous production, and to think that it is only a dollar a year adds to everybody’s genuine amazement. It is well worth while sending to the publishers, Montreal, for a sample copy, which we are told will be sent free just to enable people to see what can be produced in the newspaper line for a dollar a year. Few people will credit their own senses when they see it. Artists who have seen the premium picture to be given with the Family Herald this year (‘‘ Little Queenie” we think is the name of it) say that the premium is quite as wonderful as the paper itself. 3 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN DECEMBER, 1895 KING ae : u HIGH SPEED HORIZONTAL SAW FRAME. HE illustration herewith represents the most con- _densed horizontal saw frame (for working at a high speed) which has hitherto been brought into the market. For years different firms have endeavored to produce a good machine of this class with partial success only, but Messrs. Kershaw Bros. claim to have in this machine accomplished the purpose which has been so much de- sired. Many representatives of large firms in the tim- ber trade have seen it in actual work and express the opinion that it is the best devised machine for doing the class of work for which it is intended that has ever been brought to the notice of the trade. One great difficulty in putting down this kind of machine up to the present has been the great amount of space required, but in this example this-diffi- culty has to a great extent been over- come, and it may be employed where the saving of space is a consideration. It contains a great improvement in having the driving crank for working the saw placed in a vertical position, which dispenses with all balancing. It also prevents the action of pushing down and lifting up of slide, and there- by considerably reduces the vibration, insures much greater steadiness in working,”and enables the machine to be worked at a far greater speed than any other for the class of work for which it is intended. Another most important feature is that it dispenses with all compensating pulleys, thereby keeping the belts at one uniform ten- sion, and saving much expense. The slide carrying the saw is raised and lowered by power (to suit the different thicknesses of boards to be cut), worked from the quick return motion shaft, needing no belt. It can be worked by hand if desired. The feed ry ri | | TUMKERS MAW. Ay & WOOD-WORKERS’ LISTS. By Owen B. MacInnis. I HAD intended writing up this subject before, but de- ferred it, hoping some other better hand than I might take hold of it, as the subject is one of interest and im- portance to many. Foremen usually make out lists ; that is to say, it de- volves on them to pick and count out the number of pieces of stuff of different dimensions which have to be selected, sawn out, and wrought to a finished shape. Some of the more extensive establishments have a draughtsman, who 1s partly a mechanic, to do this work; but in the average shop it is the foreman’s duty, and in this article I will endeavor to lay before him some sug- treated, owing to the high price of the material, and where a backing of pine is introduced to lessen the amount of hardwood to be used. When the prices of San Diego or red and white mahogany, quartered oak, cedar, maple, etc., are remembered, it can readily be un- derstood why economical construction is of so much im- portance in modern wood-work, and how a foreman must treat the construction so as to save the expensive material. Many foremen redraw the details in the constructive form they judge will be the cheapest to adopt, and by doing this they render them so clear in their own minds that making out the lists is a comparatively easy matter This may either be done full size on manilla detail paper or on a drawing board, with all dimensions figured, and with the full laying out delineated, giving an elevation, with horizontal and vertical sections. Everything should be clearly shown, in order that a cabinet-maker or a bench-hand may at once grasp the method of putting the whole construction together, when the pieces are wrought by the machines and are brought to his bench. For doors and sash, a laying-out rod, as I once stated in these columns, will-be sufficient, with a sketch of the elevation of the constructed detail ; but for trim or diffi- cult work, more explanation will be necessary. Laying out in pencil on boards is preferable to paper, because there is no danger of the drawing being torn or dirtied by use. After an experience of some years I would en- dorse the board, although the paper has the advan- tage of being easily filed away for future reference; still, when it becomes torn or dirty its usefulness is so much impaired that it is hardly safe to refer to itagain. Owing to the continuous handling in the mill, by some wood- workers with not too clean hands, paper working drawings get terribly mussed, though they are often essential when the work is too large to lay out on a _ convenient board. I would suggest that where the board can be adopted, it is prefer- able. nk 2 , The foreman having laid the job out in a fully comprehensive manner, the next step is to pre- pare the lists, and here arises the necessity for another consideration on his part. I refer to over lengths. It will of course be understood that all motion is driven from pieces_ will require to be the vertical crank, and slightly longer than their the belts for this never finished lengths, also vary, therefore dispen- sing with compensat- ing pulleys. The ma- chine is entirely self-cun.aied, and all the working parts are brought within easy reach of the operator. The construction of the machine is very simple, and so arranged that it is not liable to get out of order. The machine is well adapted to meet the requirements of cabinet makers, joiners and builders, railway wagon builders, saw mill proprietors and others. A machine to cut 42-inch logs has just been completed and is in actual operation at the works, Hebden Bridge, Yorkshire, England. A good engine in charge of a good man rarely re- quires to be stopped in working hours. When one is stopped frequently it. would be a good plan to find out whether it is the engine that is out of order, or the man in charge of it.—The Engineer. HIGH SpgEED HORIZONTAL SAw FRAME. gestions as to how this important matter should be done regularly and methodically. Most work is made from standard patterns. When working from drawings which are furnished by the archi- tect or designer, the foreman will, in many cases, be re- quired to work out the construction in his own head, to economize the cost of construction, that the forms may come within the scope of the machinery in the mill. In. addition to this, it may happen that he may reduce the cost of production by an analysis of the details, thus saving time and labor. For example, in the trim, sash and door business, much lumber and working may be saved by aforeman who can change construction, and, by a judicious ar- rangement of the stuff, make the form fully adequate without injuring it. This is especially the case in hard woodwork, which of necessity must be economically wider than their finished width, in order that there may be sufficient over stuff to permit them being worked by the machines. The extra stuff must be gauged by the foreman, and will be determined by his experience and former results ; but there must be sufficient to enable each and every wood-worker to shape the pieces to the forms demanded in the layout. I will take one simple detail of hardwood doors, ana endeavor to explain the listing of the stuff necessary to be gotten out for their construction. Supposing one dozen veneered quarter oak doors have to be made to order, and that they are all of the same size, and of the following dimensions : Ft. In. WTEC cece s wctarete se aeiaee wnrciclat a «he 2 8 FICIGHE oie oo ween wees nde Suen e neice 7 ° PUR ele ssicyetieemineter st ca cies eins cere ee ° 2 ROEM ES ae aan scrucetnisite’ sacs sista pbs ° 5 ERG RAE cs shots coia/ais's ots ec ee ee ° 5 Bottom Rail hee aoe eee (On ket Inside Rails =) 4 Panels..... im 10 15-16 Thickness of Raised Panels e Moulding, Raised Here we show the whole Beene = the door _ DECEMBER, 1895 ~ Now commencing‘ with the stiles, we find that they must have pine cores, with quartered oak band strip. The cores will require to be glued up in separate thicknesses to form one whole piece, which is done to lessen the danger of its working under climatic influence, which one solid piece would certainly do. The method of us- ing pine cores glued up in pieces of % or 1%-inch stuff, is therefore universally followed, so that the foreman will require to figure thus in his list, or, rather, to make out his list as follows : LIST OF STUFF FOR 12 QUARTERED-OAK VENEERED DOORS FOR MR......---+++105+: For stiles: 24 cores out of t-inch stuff, to finish 434 inches wide, 134 inches thick. For top rails: 12 cores, same stuff, to finish 43% Pine inches wide, 1% inches thick. Cores. For bottom rails: 12 cores out of 13-inch stuff, to finish 11 inches wide, 134 inches thick. For inside cross rails: 48 cores out of x-inch stuff, to finish 4 inches wide, 1% inches thick. For Frame Stiles: 48 pieces, 7 feet-—_1 x 5% inches. VENEERS Top Rails : 24 pieces, 2 “*—ox5% : oF %-1ncH Bottom Rails: 24 pieces, 2 “—ox1K | UARTERED Inside Rails: 96 pieces, 2 “‘ —ox 4% : AK. All above to finish 14-inch less. 48 pieces of plain oak, 11x 23 inches, of one-inch For stuff, to finish 7%-inch. PANELS. 96 veneers of quartered oak, 834 x 21%, of Y%-inch veneer. PINE 280 feet sawn pine fillets, %x 1% inches, to go FILLETS. under moulding. QUARTERED 290 feet 11-inch raised moulding, %-inch thick, Oak Moutp1ne. out of one-inch stuff. This is an approximate list of the ‘stuff required for these doors, which, with the sketches I have enumerated, will be sufficient to enable the sawyer to cut out his stuff, and being passed from him to the planers, give them a full idea of the finished sizes. Sometimes the foreman will only give the finished sizes, relying on the sawyer to use good judgment in selecting and cutting up the stuff, but this method places a responsibility on the sawyer which many are not able to assume. All lists should be returned for reference and kept clean. In closing this article, I might say that it is submitted with the intention of placing before the fraternity a sug- gestion for this work, and I will be glad to welcome criti- cism, be it favorable or adverse, for the general benefit of all wood-workers.—The Wood-Worker. SAWDUST _AND SHAVING STEAM JET BLOWER. Ta mill at Walterboro, South Carolina, there was ‘an exhaust fan to convey sawdust from the mill to the refuse pile, which always proved a source of annoy- ance, as it was ina secluded spot under the mill and very seldom got any attention. Mr. W. J. Taylor, who had to do with the mill, designed a steam jet blower, the construction of which the accompanying cut will explain. San SAWDUST AND SHAVING STEAM JET BLOWER. He says: “I first got a six-inch galvanized iron elbow, cut a hole in same large enough to insert a three-quarter inch steam pipe at Z. I then put on six feet of piping, A, which formed the suction. Then I made my dis- charge pipe, D, 150 feet long, and at one place the pipe had to be elevated to a height of eighteen feet to allow railroad cars to pass under. I then ran my steam pipe from boiler to within one foot of elbow, put on three- quarter globe valve, &, then twenty-inch steam jet pipe, C, made of three-quarter steam pipe, with opening at discharge end closed down to three-eighths of an inch, which forms the jet. I turned on steam and it very easily kept all of the sawdust away from the mill, and we cut on an average from twenty thousand to thirty- five thousand feet of lumber per day. This blower can be constructed of wood where metal piping cannot be easily obtained, and for an experiment will answer every purpose for a long time, Of course, it does not work THE C 7 as well as the metal pipe, as there is more liability of its becoming clogged. Cheapness and efficiency are its chief points. WOODWORKING IN JAPAN. R. R. L. Greenlee, of Greenlee Bros., woodworking machinery manufacturers of Chicago, who is mak- ing a tour of the world, has been spending several months in Japan, making a close study of that country and its people. The result of his observations is given in an interview with William E. Curtis, special corres- pondent of the Chicago Record. In the course of that interview Mr. Greenlee said: I have been looking extensively into manufacturing while I have been in the country, and the result of my observation is a very strong conviction that the Japanese will soon be able to turnish themselves with all they use and wear and eat without assistance from foreign nations. They have very little woodworking machinery. Nearly all of the machinery I have seen in Japan, and nearly all the imported tools, are of English and Germam manufacture. Lumber is worth about twice as much in Japan as it is with us. Common lumber, which we sell for $10 and $12 a thousand feet, will bring 4o yen—that is $20 gold —here. This is due chiefly to the scarcity of timber and the great labor required to work it up by their pri- mitive processes. They have been cutting timber off their mountains here for 2,500 years, and, although the forests have been reproduced again and again during that period, it is difficult and expensive to get logs down from the mountain sides in the absence of the necessary facilities. They usually go into the woods and cut one log at a time, which they haul out by hand or by oxen for many miles. Where streams are convenient they use them as we do, but they have no saw-mills in tne moun- tains, although there is an abundance of water power everywhere. I understand they have tried them, but they have not been successful. They cut all their lumber by hand with a wide and thin saw during a time of year when they have nothing else to do, and each man who is engaged in business that requires lumber usnally buys his own logs and cuts them up himself at odd times. Women and men both work at it. One man or woman will work on the top of the log while another works underneath, but usually not with the same saw. I have seen four or five men work- ing on the same log, each sawing off his own board. They raise the log at an incline of 45 degrees, with one end on the ground and a rest about the middle, and when they work down to the rest they tie it up and begin at the other end. All the lumber is dressed by hand. I have found but one planing mill in the country. That is at Yokohama. It_ employs about 150 hands, and, curiously enough, its « entire product is made into boxes and shipped to In- dia. It does no business in the local market. The machinery is all from Boston. The manager tells me that the company is thinking of enlarging the plant by adding a sash factory and machinery for making blinds and doors, also for the India market. I _. do not know why they do not sell their ~ goods in the local market, but I pre- sume there is a good reason for it; perhaps they get better prices in India. The Japanese make all the woodwork about a house by hand, and most of their houses are all wood. They are very skilful in all kinds of cabinet and joiner work, and are more rapid than our people. Their tools are better adapted for doing close work than ours, and are kept very sharp. Besides, they give a great deal more patience and labour to an article than our carpenters and cabinet-makers. You never see scratches from nicked tools in their planed work. They use very few vails, but mortise almost everything. It is usually so well done that it is difficult to detect the joints except by the grain, and it lasts for ever. Some of their ships are made without a bit of iron in their composition. Everything is mortised. < aH —~e The Japanese are very skilful in handling machinery when once they learn how, They ,learn best by imita- AMADA LUMBERMAN 7 ——————E ne tion. It is difficult to make them understand how to use a machine by explanation, but if they can sit by and see some one else doit they will learn very rapidly. And in copying machinery they reproduce the original with great exactness and fidelity, even to any blemishes or ornaments that may appear. I have seen some re- markable examples of theirimitation. Usually the finish is a little rougher than the original, but the working parts are identical, and they get the finish all right after a little experience. COMBINED FAN AND STAVE-JOINTER. Ww herewith present an illustration of the Holmes combined fan and stave jointer. One of the objec- tions to all stave-jointers driven by power is the dust and shavings made, the removal of which demands constant care and expense, and occupies a large amount of valuable room, while the air in the entire building is completely filled with dust, destroying the health, comfort and clothing of all who are compelled to remain therein, at the same time forming one of the most dan- gerous tinders for the reception of sparks, taking up the oil from the boxes and journals, inducting crustation, heat, ignition, and not infrequently destructive confla- grations. All the dust and shavings are blown by the fan-jointer through conductors to the fuel-room, free of COMBINED FAN AND STAVE JOINTER. expense. This machine is built double or single and of sizes to suit from kegs to barrels ; each wheel has its own shaft, tight and loose pulleys, and runs independent of each other. The wheels being overhung, there is nothing to pre- vent the light from striking the face of the wheel from all directions, and giving the operator a full view of the stave he 1s jointing. No oil dripping upon the operator as he performs his work, as in jointers where wheels are in-hung. Full view across face of wheel in setting knives, as the shieid is flush with face of wheel. Rim of shield, cast irou, and back of sheet iron, consequently no wear out to it. The patent clamp used on the machine is claimed by the manufacturers to be the quickest, slmplest and easiest acting clamp in the market, of great power and strength, holding the stave firmly, taking the wind out of crooked stock, presenting it to the wheel and releasing it as the clamp drops to its rest. More or less bilge is secured by simply moving two set-screws and raising or lowering the clamp. Bevel is changed by two set-screws, which move the foot of the clamp in or out. Hooks are ad- justable to different lengths of stave in a moment’s time. Double independent jointers, or both wheels on same shaft, as customer desires, the difference in price being slight. All size of jointers are made. The machine is made by the E. B. Holmes Machinery Co., Buffalo, N. Y, -~ 2 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LuMBERMAN Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the 1st day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance....... $1.00 One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... +50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LumMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report nct only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr: “Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LumBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘WanTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line foreach insertion. Announce- gnents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the CaNaDA Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not _be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. THE SOUTH AFRICAN TIMBER MARKET. THE recent enormous development of gold mining in South Africa has had the effect of giving a great impetus to the timber trade at the Cape, and a good deal of at- tention is being paid to the possibilities of that country as a market for our timber. British Columbia has ex- ported a considerable quantity this season, and is natur- ally scanning the possibilities of the future. There has been an abnormal inflation in the value of mining shares, many of which are quoted at prices far beyond their actual value. A crash is sure to come be- “ore long, and how far mining will be carried on after- wards is so very uncertain that the lumber trade depend- ing upon it is precarious. Up to the present Cape Colony has been practically a non-producing timber country, though she has stores of forest wealth in the interior. Although Cape Town, the principal city, was built many years ago, the country around has only been developed recently, and the im- port of timber to any extent is the growth of the last ten years. The demand has been supplied principally from Sweden and Norway, the former having sent double the quantity last year over the preceding year. About four years ago a firm operating on Puget Sound determined to have ashare inthis growing trade, and sent a trial cargo. The experiment was not a success, but it estab- lished the fact that if properly managed a large and re- munerative trade could be built up, and since that time a considerable trade has been carried on, at first by means of small sailing vessels, and subsequently by large steamships, which carry.as much as two or two and a half million feet. One serious drawback to the trade is the fact that the inland buyer requires to have the goods delivered on his premises by the seller, and railway freight rates from coast points—Delegoa Bay, Port Elizabeth, etc.—are very high, for instance 5s. 9d. per 100 lbs. actual weight. Besides, there is the risk of demurrage at the port of discharge, as well as duty, landing charges, etc., with the risk of rejection on arrival. The dealers there ar© not disposed to buy f.o.b. or c.i.f. As already stated, South Africa has great forest wealth of its own. With the growth of the country this will be developed, in fact the government, naturally desirous that as little as possible of the wealth of the country should go abroad, are taking steps not only to conserve the primitive forests, but to re-forest the denuded for- tions, and to that end has divided the country into four districts, with a conservator, rangers, foresters and other officials for each. In one of these districts, in 1894, 3,500,000 trees were planted at a cost of one half penny each, and in the other districts extensive planting was also done. All the railway ties required can be furnished at home, and a creasoting factory is projected, where railway timbers can be so treated as to in- crease their durability. Last year a large quantity of timber was brought in from the neighboring country uf Becuanaland, which is shortly to be annexed to Cape Colony. Thechances are, therefore, that in the course of a few years the Cape will be in a position to supply most of the home market. The mining boom has created a demand for timber of unusually long lengths, say up to 18 inches square and 60 feet long. The Pacific coast fir is admirably adapted for this, while the Baltic cannot furnish it. Hence, a share of the trade has been easily secured for the former. Much lumber for building is also consumed, as may be inferred when we state that the population of Johannes- burg and surrounding district is increasing, by immigra- tion alone, at the rate of from 1,000 to 1,500 souls per month. So long then, as the present mining boom continues, with the resulting influx of population, there will be a large demand for lumber at good prices, but the future is uncertain, and therefore it is a trade which must be entered into with much cauton and a great deal of risk. CANADA’S LUMBER EXPORTS AND CONSUMPTION. IF any of our renders ever thought of the matter they have probably come to the conclusion, without looking into the figures, that Canada, with her vast timber areas, exports more lumber than, with her comparatively sparse population, she consumes at home. Yet such is far from being the actual fact. She uses twice as much lumber at home as she sends abroad. A similar fact exists with reference to the New England states, where the home consumption is largely increasing. Is there not a lesson here, that we should be careful in the man- ner of disposing of our timber? While there can be no objection in encouraging our foreign trade, thereby bringing wealth into the country, we should not be too lavish in sending away what may in the future be re- quired at home, at least there should be no waste, which it is to be feared goes on to a considerabie extent in our forest products. Another fact is of interest, namely, that we export considerably more lumber to the United States than to Great Britain. In 1893 our export of forest products to the mother country was $11,105,482, while tothe United States we sent $14,841,455 worth. Yet though we sent abroad nearly $26,000,000 worth of goods out of our forests our total production was $80,000,000 worth, so that we consumed at home about $54,000,000 worth, or more than $11 per head of the population. AMERICAN FORESTRY ASSOCIATION. THE American Forestry Association, which recently held its annual convention at Springfield, meeting, by the way, in a church, had its attention called, by means of a letter from Secretary Morton, to a very prolific cause of forest fires, and a suggestion as to a means by which the danger might be minimized. He wrote :— “Tt is very important that the American Forestry As- sociation should formulate and commend to the various States a system regulating the clearing up of debris after cutting the large trees for timber. The devastation of the woodlands by fire could be avoided if each State would make it a penal offense to leave the brush not utilized for lumber lying upon the ground as kindling for the great forest fires. Until there be uniform legisla- tion in regard to this matter the annual forest conflagra- tions will continue. It is deemed advisable that the of % q i” om pe, ‘ ~ nS. - ae S oe Se Ae ee ee DECEMBER, 1895 Geological Survey and the Division of Forestry co- operate in mapping and determining the value of the national forest reserves. The Geological Survey might continue its topographic mapping of the national forest reserves and locate all areas suited tothe purpose. This is already authorized by law.” We in Canada might gain a hint here. a =———==~”x—e[TNH&Hk/eHKKehahanan= EDITORIAL NOTES. HIGH freight rates and lack of tonnage, with possibly a little slackness in the market, caused a falling off in the lumber which passed through the Soo canal, United States side, during October, of nearly one-third. The figures for 1894 were 108,274,000 feet, for 1895, 77,263,000 feet. It does not take much to change the current of trade. AT the recent annual convention of the National As- sociation of Builders of the United States, a resolution was offered calling upon the Secretary of the Interior to enforce all laws looking to the protection of the public forests from unnecessary and wanton destruction ; also urging upon the governors of the several states the recommendation of legislation in their annual messages looking to the preservation of the forests. A PECULIAR law suit was recently tried in Wisconsin which will interest lumbermen who drive logs down streams. The plaintiff had given a boom company the right to overflow his land, and in the course of opera- tions some of their logs floated over his property, so he sued them for storage. The court gave judgment for the company, holding that the stream, in its widened condition, was a public highway, open to all. So this enterprising individual saw his prospective source of revenue ruthlessly cut off. ‘ THE railways of Maine are reaching out for business in the northern part of the state. While spruce is the staple lumber of that state there is a good deal of hard- wood, which has been unavailable because it was not practicable or economical to attempt to drive it on the rivers, and accordingly the market was supplied from what could readily be loaded on the cars. But the rail- ways are penetrating further and further every year, and developing a lumber business which could not otherwise have been done. WHILE the Franco-Canadian treaty opens up a promising market for our timber, there is another Euro- pean country with which we might cultivate trade to our own advantage, namely, Denmark. An official now stationed at its capital writes to this effect : “The open- ing of the free port of Copenhagen affords a good oppor- tunity to American dealers. Lumber shipped in bulk can be stored at low rates in the ample yards of the free port and from there be distributed to the various ports of the Baltic, 2ccording to the demands of trade.” IT does not look as if there would be much use for soup kitchens this winter. Any able bodied man who is willing to work can find employment, for the demand for labor is, strange to say, greater than the supply. This may not be strictly correct locally in all instances, but there is work in the country, and if it cannot be found in one place it can in another. Lumbermen find it hard to get men for the woods. Particularly is this the case in Michigan and throughout the northwestern states. Last year the labor market was overstocked, this year the demand is greater than the supply. This is a healthy sign. THE manner in which facilities for reaching the market enhances the value of timber properties is well brought out in a case which has come under our notice. About five years ago the owner of two hundred acres of land near Eganville, a small village in Ontario, offered it for sale to the owner of the neighboring property, the price asked being eleven tons of hay, delivered at Eganville, eight miles distant, hay being then worth twelve dollars aton. The offer was declined, tke land not being con- sidered worth what was asked. The building of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, which * 7 . ~ ~ DECEMBER, 1895 passes within four miles, has so enhanced the value of about 150 acres of cedar, hemlock and hardwood bush upon it, that the proprietor has sold the timber for $640 and still has the land left. a e THE growth of the pulp business is most remarkable and promises in the near future to outvie its past record. The consumption of paper has grown so enormously of late that immense quantities of pulp are required by the paper makers, and in addition it is used for a great variety of fabrics hitherto made from other vegetable or animal materials. The outside world is looking more and more to Canada as a source of supply, but the temptation to meet this demand must not lead to pro- digality in dealing with her spruce timber. Some lead- ing lumbermen advocate an export duty to check the outflow. THERE are a good many moose destroyed in connec- tion with the lumber shanties every year. The men shoot them, or they are killed by settlers and others, who sell them to the lumbermen for food. As the kill- ing of moose, elk, reindeer and cariboo is absolutely pro- hibited in the province of Ontario till October 25th, 1900, in order to prevent their utter extermination, notice has been issued by the government that the law will be strictly enforced, and lumbermen have been cautioned against violations of the statute. We trust the warning will be heeded, for their own sakes as well as for the preservation of this species of game. The penalty for infraction of the law is $50. DuRING the past season only about two-thirds the quantity of logs taken across from Canada to Michigan last year were floated over to be sawed in Michigan mills. Two concerns which put 100,000,000 feet of logs into the Georgian Bay last season will not have more than 25,000,000 feet this year. Some of our contempo- raries in the United States do not like this, and object to free lumber, which allows their men to cut up their logs in Canada and take over the lumber without having to pay duty, but if a dutv was to be imposed, Canada would simply be obliged in self protection to impose an export duty on logs, and they would be no better off. It is wiser all round to leave things as they are. Two of the greatest fire fighters in America, Chief Bonner, of New York, and Chief Sweenie, of Chicago, have pronounced the sky scraping buildings of their cities huge fire traps, especially when their contents run largely to inflammable materials, and this although their construction is supposed to be fire-proof. The iron of such buildings is liable to expand and let the floors fall, causing a general collapse. Both these veteran fire chiefs pronounce in favor of buildings of brick and yellow pine. In such the fire burns more slowly, and there is a better chance of saving the contents. The dealers in yellow pine can afford to present these men with a hand- some testimonial. They have given their business a valuable advertisement. THE treaty between Great Britain, on behalf of Can- ada, and France, signed at Paris 6th February, 1893, came into force on the 14th of October, 1895. Under its provisions Canadian building timber in rough or sawn, wood pavement, wood pulp, flooring in pine or soft woods, furniture, staves, and wooden strips, when imported direct, accompanied by certificate of origin, will receive the advantage of the minimum of tariff on entering France, Algeria, or the French colonies. It _ now remains for Canadian lumber dealers to exploit this new field and work up a trade with France in our forest products. The importations of lumber into that country amount to about $40,000,000 annually, of which Canada sends comparatively a small amount, the official figures for 1894 being $117,682. Mr. Edward Jack, of Freder- icton, N. B., who for years has been a student of French affairs, views the present situation as exceedingly hope- ful, and suggests that the proper authorities send some one to France for the purpose of investigating the char- acter, size and description of Canadian lumber which would suit the French market, - HEAP wheat, oats, corn and potatoes do not en- courage the farmers to launch out and erect new houses, barns and other improvements, thereby pro- moting the sale of lumber, but it does mean that poor people can have plenty to eat the coming winter, so I do not worry because the prices of farm produce are low. * * * I do not generally approve of monopolies, but Switzer- land proposes to establish one which | am prepared to endorse. The government is the monopolist, but does not look for profit. It merely seeks a pretext for pro- hibiting entirely the manufacture of phosphorous matches, which produces disease and death to those en- gaged init. Its results are said to be as bad as leprosy. * * & * Some time ago I had occasion to visit a small saw mill which was worked by steam, and it struck me that he safety valve on the boiler was too heavily loaded. On enquiry it turned out that the man who was running it did not know much about safety valves or boilers, and a brief calculation showed that he was carrying a load of steam far beyond thé safety point. I have no doubt there are many who have to do with steam machinery who cannot calculate the proper position for the weight on a lever safety-valve. To such I would commend a study of the interesting article on the subject to be found on another page. x * & Don’t I wish I was alumberman. They can talk of millions as glibly as I can about single dollars, and per- haps have a better right to. I read that Donald Grant, a Minnesota railway contractor, has, with half a dozen associates, secured a concession of 14,000,000 acres of land from Venezuela, and has organized a company with a capital of $25,000,000 to work the limits, which contain some of the finest wood in the world, and are said to be worth $50,000,000. The name of the chief promoter is of a Scotch flavour. I wonder if he does not belong to that canny race of which Max O’Rell tells such a good story as to their success in foreign countries. Well, if I cannot handle millions I am at Jeast spared much anxiety, and with this I must console myself. + * * The canal mule and his driver are to be displaced by that ever encroaching power electricity. The test made at Tonawanda, in moving boats on the Erin canal by the trolley system, seems to have demonstrated its practicability, and the approval of Mr. Chas. R. Barnes, state electrician, a practical man of twenty years exper- ience, has been given. Mr. Lamb, the inventor of the system, is receiving well deserved congratulations. Three and a half miles an hour at the start is a very good gait. I am pleased for the mule’s sake, for few animals had a harder life than he, I am also glad for the forwarder’s sake, for a saving of 88 per cent. in towing by mule and of 70 per cent. by steam is a consideration these hard times. * * * * A cRoP bulletin issued by the Department of Agri- culture for Ontario recently reports a falling off in the hay crop this year of over 700,000 tons, which represents a loss to the farmers Of more than the value of the entire wheat crop of the province. It also means something to the lumberman, for a short crop must result in high prices. But the price will not go up as it once did, for railways are great equalizers, and hay can be brought from where it is more abundant at a comparatively small cost for freight. But if the hay crop was light oats gave an extraordinary yield and are cheap, so that lum- bermen will simply have to feed less hay and more oats. When the new steam logger comes into use the price of fodder will be of small moment. All it requires 1s wood and water, which can always be found on thespot, And LUMBERMAN 9 this is a world of compensations. Though hay for the horses may be dear provisions for the men are cheap. + & & Mr. G. W. HOTCHKISS, a veteran lumber journalist, rather startled his companions on the recent Hoo-Hoo excursion to Duluth, by asserting that there were some present who would, before their business career termi- nated, handle African and Siberian lumber. He said that the great forest of white pine in the latter country, said to be 3,000 miles long and 1,000 miles wide, the only pinus strobus in the world, so far as known, outside this continent, would be cut into lumber and laid down in New York, when the Nicaragua canal and the trans- Siberian railway, the latter promised for 1897, are opened, at as low a figure as Pacific coast lumber can be supplied for to-day. As for Africa, while it is importing timber from America to-day, it has large forest wealth of its own, and the tide of business may soon be turned, as it has been in many another instance. Conditions change rapidly nowadays, and Mr. Hotchkiss’ prediction may come true, and that before very long. FORESTRY FOR FARMERS. 6 Marae is the title of a pamphlet lately published by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the author being Mr. B. E. Fernow, chief of the division of Forestry, who is well and fav- orably known to Canadians interested in the important matter of which he treats. In this pamphlet he begins in a very logi- cal way by showing how trees grow—their food, materials, growth, soil and light conditions, and physiology of tree growth. In treating of the question of ‘‘sap up and down,” he says :—‘‘ The growing tree in all of its parts is more or less saturated with water, and as the leaves, under the influence of sun and wind and atmospheric conditions generally, transpire, new supplies are taken in through the roots and conveyed to the crown. ‘This movement takes place even in winter, ina slight degree, to supply the loss of water by evaporation from the branches. In the growing season it is so active as to be- come noticeable, hence the saying that the sap is “‘up” or ‘< rising,” and when toward the end of the season the move- ment becomes less, the sap is said to be ‘‘down.” But this movement of water is always upward, hence the notion that there is a stream upward at one season and in one part of the tree, and a stream downward at another season and perhaps in The downward move- ment is of food materials, and the two movements, of water up- In the part which describes how a forest is to be planted, the writer discusses the subject of what trees are to be planted, and the adaptability of the trees to climate and soil, the mutual rela- tions of different species, with reference especially to their rela- tive height, growth and light requirements. He makes the very just remark that ‘‘ Mixed forest plantations (made of several kinds) have so many advantages over pine plantations (made of one kind) that they should be preferred except for very par- ticular reasons, Mixed plantations are capable of producing larger quantities of better and more varied material, preserve soil conditions better, are Jess liable to damage from winds, fires and insects, and can more readily be reproduced.” Any person who has noticed a sapling of the white pine, growing in a pasture by itself, cannot fail to see how many branches it usually has in the middle or lower portion of its trunk, and how much it differs from the same kind of tree when it stands in the thick woods. The reason of this is that as the lower limbs have abundance of air and light, their growth is much more vigorous than if the light and air were partially excluded from the lower part of the tree, when that vigorous growth which is wasted on the branches would be spent on the development of the crown and trunk. He finds that our sapling pines in New Brunswick grow best on sandy soil, more especially when they are found associated with the white birch, which, when the pines become tall and overshadow them, die out and leave the field to their long-lived associates. Mr. Fernow points out the manner in which the farmer should treat the wood lot, and concludes by giving directions as to how the wood crop should be cultivated. On the whole this little work of 60 pages is probably the best on practical forestry which has yet made its appearance in America. Fredericton, N. B. EDWARD JACK. another part of the tree, is erroneous. ward and food downward, take place simultaneously. The lumber cut at Duluth for 1895 will aggregate nearly 500,000,000 feet. stop. The Jackson saw mill at Tonawanda, which was burned on Oct. 27th, is the last of the log mills at that point. It had not been run for a year on account of the falling off in demand for the long bill stuff that it used to cut, The mills will run till ice compels them to ~~, “a” eee So de) THE LEVER SAFETY-VALVE. THH CANADA LUMBERMAN balls of lead are also supposed to be provided, all | een following interesting article on the safety valveNglexactly alike, and all being furnished with a hook at the . topand a staple at the bottom. Two of these weights, - when hung upon the first staple, as shown in Fig. 3, will just balance one weight hung upon the second staple, on the other side of the fulcrum. is reproduced from a late issue of The Locomotive: * GENERAL REMARKS.—We have received so many requests for a rule for calculating the position of the weight on a safety-valve, and the blowing-off pressure when the position of the weight is given, that we have — thought it wise to publish such a rule in The Locomo- tive. It would be easy to give a simple formula for the purpose, but we have considered that the wants of engi- neers would be best met by explaining the theory of the lever-valve, and showing, as clearly as possible, the reason for each step in the calculation. OBJECT OF THE SAFETY-VALVE.—The object of the safety-valve, as every one knows, is to prevent the pressure in the boiler from rising to a dangerous point, Leet eS it Ee one ee = > ie F a Ua = ESE G SS BP --------- x : ' ' ' K-C -# ' ni c - - inal ory ‘MET it ni. * ml va mI Al y War Fic. 1—DtaGraM oF a LEVER SAFETy- VALVE. by providing an outlet through which steam can escape when the pressure reaches a certain limit, which is de- termined by the strength of the boiler, and by the con- ditions under which it is to work. The simplest device for attaining this end is the “dead- weight” valve, the principle of which is illustrated in Fig. 2. It consists simply ofa plate of iron, laid upon a nozzle, and held down by a weight. The calculation of the blowing-off point of such a valve is very simple. In the valve here shown, for example, the steam acts against a circle two inches in diameter. The area of a two-inch circle is 2x2x.7854=3.14 sq in., and the weight tending to hold the cover plate down being 314 lbs., it is evident that the valve will not blow oft until the steam pressure reaches 100 Ibs. per square inch. Dead-weight valves are used somewhat in Eng- land, but they are seldom met with in this country, the commoner form here being that suggested in Fig. 1. It may be well to say that Fig. 1 does not purport to be a good form -/ valve. We should certainly object to it, if it were placed upon a boiler offered to us for insurance, because no guides are provided for the lever or for the valve stem. These features were intentionally omitted in the engraving, in order that their presence might not draw the at- tention away from the main points under consideration — he calculation, namely, of the blow-off pressure and of the position of the weight. THEORY OF THE LEVER.—In order to be able to perform safety-valve calculations intelligently, one must have a clear idea of the principle of the lever ; and it is hoped that such an idea may be had from a study of the illustrations that are presented herewith. These represent a lath or other ligh piece of wood which is balanced upon a knife edge» and into which, on the under side, - a number of small staples are driven at equal distances, A number of Fic. 2—A “ Deap-WeEIGcHT” VALVE. Fic. 3. Fic. 4. In the same way, four of them, when hung upon the first staple, as shown in Fig. 4, will just balance one hung upon the fourth staple. Five upon the second staple, as ‘tbown in Fig. 5, will just balance two upon the fifth staple ; and three upon the fifth staple will just balance five upon the third staple, as shownin Fig. 6. It will be seen that in every one of these cases the lath is bal- anced, provided the weight upon one side, when multi- plied by its distance from the fulcrum, is equal to the weight upon the other side, multiplied by its distance from the fulcrum. This is the principle of Archimedes, and it is used in all calculations relating to the lever. (The reader may find it a profitable exercise to show that the systems shown in Figs. Fic. 6. 7 and 8 are balanced. A suggestion is afforded him in Fig. 7, while in Fig. 8 he is left entirely to his own resources. He should find no difficulty in either case, however, if he has grasped the fundamental idea which is contained in the illustrations given above). APPLICATION TO THE SAFETY-VALVE.—We are now prepared to apply the principle of the lever to the safety- valve, although there is still one point to be cleared up be- fore we can give a complete rule. (The point to which we refer is the influence of the weight of the arm which carries the ball; but for the pres- ent moment we shall consider this arm to be devoid of weight, and we shall introduce a correction for it later on.) Fig. 9 is a crude representation of a safety-valve, in which the total steam pressure against the disk of the valve is supposed to be 4o lbs., and the ball is supposed to-weigh 10 pounds. Ifthe valve stem is 6” from the fulcrum, the ball will have to be 24” from the fulcrum in order for the valve to blow off at the given pressure —that is, at 4o Ibs. This is eas- ily seen, since 6x 40 equals 10 x24; but if the reader has any doubt about the appli- cability of Archimedes’ rule in this case, he may note that the up- ward pressure due to the steam can be conceived to be replaced by a 40 lb. weight hung 6” to the left of the ful- crum, as indi- cated by the dotted circle. The lever will then be equivalent to the one shown in Fig. 10, which is similar Fic. 5. Fic. 7. Fig. 8. Fic 9. -in all respects to those shown in Figs. 3 to 8, and to which Archimedes’ rule plainly applies. If the blow off pressure were not given in Fig. 9, and we were re- quired to find it from the other data there shown, we should reason as follows: When the valve is on the point of blowing off, the upward thrust of the valv, — stem is just balanced by the downward tendency of the ball ; and, therefore, from Archimedes’ principle, 10 x 2 must equal 6 times the thrust of the valve-stem. ° But’ 10 x 24 equals ‘ 240, and hence Gale - - =| a see 240 is 6 times the thrust of the valve-stem, and 240+6 ( = 40 lbs.) must be the total pressure exerted on the disk of the valve . when it is about to blow off. If the pressure per squa € inch were desired, we should have to divide 40, the total pressure on the valve disk, by the area of the disk in square inches. ny THE ARM OF THE VALVE.—In order to take the weight of the valve-arm into account, we shall first make — a short digression for illustrating the meaning of the expression “cen-_ ter of gravity.” | Consider, first, the system. shown in Fig. 11, where there isoneballonthe first staple and one on the fifth. The one ball on the fifth staple is equivalent to five - balls on the first one ; so that the two balls on the nght — hand side of the fulcrum are equivalent to six balls — suspended from the first staple. They are therefore balanced by the two balls on the third staple ; and, in ‘ general, if two balls be hung from any of the staples, they would be exactly balanced | by a pair of balls whose distance from the fulcrum was the average of the distances from the first two. Fig. 12 is a further illustration of this fact. Now, refer- ring to Fig. 13, let us conceive the valve-arm to be without weight, except two small and equal pieces of it, — whose distances from the fulcrum are respectively 10” and 20’, By analogy with the two preceding illustra- tions, we see that these two little masses would be just balanced by acs similar pair of rs masses, spaced — at equal distan- — - ces; they would be just balanced by four similar — masses, hung at | a distance from | thefulcrumequal _ to half the length — ofthearm. While _ » this kind of reas- oning is applicable, strictly speaking, only to the case in which the valve-arm is of equal thickness and width throughout, and has no irregularities whatever, ¥ we may, — in practice, ap- ply it to all valve-arms ap- proximately uni- form in cross- section ; and by extending the conception of Figs. 13 and 15 until the little masses become so numerous as to fill tne entire lever, we conclude that — a valve-arm of this sort would be balanced by a similar _ arm suspended (as shown in Fig. 15) at a distance from Fic. xt. Fic. 11. Fic. 12, eee eee em at 0° * ‘ ---20---3 kil Fic. 14. Fic. 15. ont ae = * ‘ p > iA be oa) a ee eb ee 7 es var ca Pe a a WEEKLY EDITION BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. TUMBERMAN The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages} stoo rer vear {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE VoL. 16 Canapa LumBERMAN PUBLISHED BY Cc. H. MORTIMER u . _ Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. 3 Branch Office : _ New York Lire Insurance Buitpine, so MonTREAL. __ Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and j ence: in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- 2 jan timber and lumber manufacturers and Sr ae and the purchasers of timber producrs at home nd abroad. _ Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ng fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the ye ber and wood-working industries. Contains : terviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. — 44F Subscription price for the two editions for one _ year, $1.00. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPEGTION - BOOK 26a 4 Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of | Canada and the United States. Em- ; bracing also many useful tables and “calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. bh Prepared by the Editor of the “Canada Lumberman.” ed Toronto, Canada Cc. H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 i JE above is afac simile of the ‘title page of the latest and most mplete Lumber and Inspection Book published. _ We shall be pleased to send you a opY on receipt of four 3 cent Ga- nadian postage stamps ° © © © ADDRESS : THE (JANADA SE a RT a eel ee i TED EL. I I OE LS SE eS CIEE LE SE RE RE [_ UNBERMAN, Toronto, Canada ; TORONTO, ONT,, NOVEMBER 27, 1895 No. 47. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of rs cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and isset in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. Fok SALE, ABOUT 20.000 FT. OF 2-IN. BASS ist. and 2nd. Box 24, CANADA LUMBERMAN. V OOD LOT—so ACRES—-HEAVILY TIMBER- ed: cedar, hemlock, black ash, and tamarac; adjacent to three railway lines; Oxford county. Ap- -ply 117 Bedford Road, City. WANTED. IFTY-TWO CARS, ONE CAR PER WEEK. _ White pine sawed r inch square and four feet long. White sap to be the only defect. Send proposals or en- quiries to THE LYON & BILLARD CO., Meriden, Conn. FOR SALE— TIMBER LIMITS 48 million feet white pine timber, 12 inches and up. 7 million feet red pine timber, 11 inches and up. 1% million feet tamarac timber. 1¥% million feet of spruce timber. 1.0,000 tamarac tie timber. 50,000 cedar tie timber. 5,000 cords spruce pulp wood timber. comprising 100 square miles on a tributary of the Ot- tawa river, good water, Province of Quebec, at $110,- ooo. Terms to suit purchaser. Apply to Box 257, Sudbury, Ontario. TENDERS SALE OF BURNT AND OTHER TIMBER PeeEees WILL BE RECEIVED AT THIS Department up to and including the THIRD DAY OF DECEMBER next, for the right to cut the pine trees over seven inches in diameter on the stump on the under stated areas in the township of Grant, in the District of Nipissing : Bertu No. 1.—Con. 1, S. % lot 5, S. % 6, S. % 8, lots 9, 10, 11 and r2.Area 2% miles.* BertH No. 2.—Con. 2, lots 9, 10,11 and 32. Area 2 miles.* Bertu No. 3-—Con. 3, lots 9, 10, 11 and 12, Area 2 miles. Bertu No. 4.—Con. 4, lots 9, 10, 11 and 12. Con. 5, lots g and 10, and those parts lots rz and 12 south of Tomiko river. Area 2% miles. Bertu No. 5.—Con. 5, parts lots 11 and 12 north of Tomiko river. Con. 6, lots 7, 8, 9,10, rand 12. Area 2 miles. * Nore.—The timber on berths 1 and 2 has been dam- aged by fire, and some cutting has taken place on them. Tenders should be for each berth separately, and should state the amount the parties tendering are pre- pared to pay as bonus for the right to cut all the pine trees over seven inches in diameter on the stump. The timber when cut to be subject in addition to the follow- ing rates of dues: On sawlogs $1.25 per thousand feet board measure; on square or waney timber $25 per thousand feetcubic. No pine trees ofaless diameter than seven inches on the stump shall be cut. The Depart- ment reserves all timber except the pine, together with the right to dispose of such other timber at any time, and purchasers of the other timber will have the right to cut the same and to make roads and do whatever may be necessary in the premises to cut and remove the same. Terms oF PayMENT.—One-half cash, balance in three and six months with interest at seven per cent.,; notes for balance to be endorsed by parties satisfactory to the Department. A marked cheque for two hundred dollars must accompany each tender. The highest or any tender not necessarily accepted. For further particulars apply to the Department of Crown Lands, Toronto. AUS. HARDY, Commissioner of Crown Lands. Department of Crowu Lands, Toronto, October 18th, 1895. FOR SALE. SAW MILL, DWELLING HOUSE, AND about four acres of land, never failing supply of water. Address, J. T. Kerr, Iona Station, P. O. WANTED. ROWN ASH, BIRCH, BASS, GREY AND soft elm. Will contract for large or moderate quantities for cash. Dunpar & Cape, 18 Broadway, New York City. WANTED. Bet RAILROAD CROSS TIES HEWN two sides to 6 inches in thickness by 7 inches to 14 inches width of face, 8 feet long. Dunpar & Care, 18 Broadway, New York City. ATTENTION LUMBERMEN! ene PARTIES HERE SIGNED BELOW will buy any quantity and any and all grades of lumber, and pay half cash and and half real estate, im- proved or vacant Detroit property. We have $150,000 worth of Detroit property and we are stocking a new lumber yard. Apply to SHattock & Davis, Room 3, Cleland Block, 29 and 31 State St., Detroit, Mich. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. FRoM the Ottawa Valley comes a re- port that the export lumber trade is brisk- ening up somewhat, though there is little change in prices. Sales to the English market have been very steady, there hav- ing been little variation in the quantity sent from Canadian ports for the last five years. The stocks at the mills are larger. Some manufacturers have contracted for their next season’s cut. Each ofthe large shipping firms take the same as last year at the same prices, which, for the bigher qualities particularly, were then considered very high. The Hawkesbury cut has gone to Messrs. Dobell, Beckett & Co.; the Edwards to Messrs. W. & J. Sharpless and J. Burstall & Co., in equal quantities ; the Gilmour to Messrs. McArthur Bros & Co.; the Gilmours, of Trenton, to the same firm; andthe Booth, one third each to Messrs. W. & J. Sharpless, Messrs. Robt. Cox & Co., and Messrs. J. Burstall & Co. A Liverpool correspondent states: It is reported that Mr. J. W. Todd, who is now in the Ottawa pine districts, making further purchases for the winter trade of his Liverpool house, Messrs. Watson & Todd, has purchased about 1,000 stds of deals and boards, which will be promptly shipped atadvanced prices. Thisis probably thecutuf Gillies Bros., Carleton Place. The strong rise in Canadian freights will further brace the cost of any remaining consign- ments which may come forward before the close of the season, and sellers will therefore have to obtain a considerable improvement on recent market quotations to cover cost of importation. In the To- ronto district there is nothing new to note. Pine and hardwoods are both moving slowly. From western Ontario good ac- counts come as to the condition of the hardwood trade. A Blenheim firm, A. L. Hamill & Co., have been shipping a quan- . tity of oak to Germany, getting therefore a very low rate, viz.: 29 cents, rail and water included, to Antwerp. They are now sending a quantity of black ash to Liverpool. Another firm in the same lo- cality is just completing an order for 3,- 000,000 feet of elm to a factory in Cleve- land for the manufacture of washboards. The price is understood to be $11 a thou- sand. Laird Bros., of Dresden, say stocks are moving actively with them, the de- mand being for barn boards. They have supplied the new Presbyterian church with lumber at fair prices, and prices re- main firm. Trade has been fair and in advance of last season. The general con- sensus is that the United States market shown signs of improvement. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. The possibility of a duty being again imposed or lumber entering the United States, which would come into effect-in 1897, 1s spurring on the spruce men to make 1896 a banner year in their business, and there is every prospect of great ac- tivity the coming winter. Prices for spruce in both the English and United States markets are such as to encourage them to take out good stocks, and they have every reason to expect a prosperous season next year. Stocks in the foreign markets are light, and those who can sup- ply dimension timber for the eastern market, for immediate delivery, can realize well. Cargoes of yard random in the eastern market bring $12.50 to $13, and a good average of ordered stock commands $13 to $13,50. Frames are very firm at $14 to $14.50. Lath 1}inch 1s worth $1.75, slab lath $1.65 to $1.70. Shingles are selling well, cedar being quoted at $2.85 for extras. A further advance in prices bas taken place as regards New Bruns- wick spruce deals on the west coast of England. At Liverpool the stock is cnly some 8,000 stds, as against 18,000 stds in 1894, the consumption last month being more than half as much greater than the supply. A St. John cargo afloat has been sold to Messrs. Thomas Rim- mer & Son, at the highest figure recorded fora long time past, and should the pre- sent strong demand continue, and there are every signs that it will, buyers must be prepared to pay even still heavier prices. A good deal of milling property is changing hands, and on the whole, our lumbermen have reason to be satisfied with the outlook. \y Sie a ee eae te 1D BRITISH COLUMBIA. Trade is rather slack at present. The Australian market is overstocked, and the demand from Central and South America is very limited, as is also that from Shang- hai. The demand from South Africa, however, continues brisk. Prices con- tinue about the same, but the Pacific coast association, should it materialize, will stiffen prices. UNITED STATES. The state of the weather, betokening the arrival of winter, has given a check to the free movement of lumber, and is hastening the closing of the season’s busi- ness. Movements of stocks by vessel are nearly at an end, and a review shows that about as much lumber has reached wholesale distributing points on the lakes as last year. Receipts at Buffalo, Tona- wanda, Chicago and Toledo have been heavy during November, and in the east arrivals both by rail and boat have been large. In the Northwest and Southwest the distribution to the retail trade has fallen off. This is due to the low price of produce, which has induced farmers to hold rather than sell, and placed a damp- er on the rural demand for lumber. Prices as aresult are not so buoyant as im the summer and early fall, and there is not the usual tendency to put up prices as winterapproaches. In theeast the spruce trade has improved, and all stock offered is readily taken at such figures as will yield a profit. In white pine there is con- siderable doubt felt as to the future. Southern yellow pine is cutting into the demand for it and remains firm as to price. Hemlock is in urgent demand in northern states. Cypress is gaining ground in New York and New England States. Hardwood is much sought after, oak lead- ing. The call for railway and car stock is urgent. Poplar is selling well, but prices are not improving. Cypress has largely taken its place. Cherry is in growing demand. Many of the lumber- men are looking to Congress for such legislation as will remove the present un- certainly as to the monetary situation, and do not anticipate much improvement till such legislation has been enacted. FOREIGN. In the English market the usual dull- ness which prevails at this season has set - in and business is confined to cargoes pre- viously sold, which are being hastened forward with all possible speed. Dealers are beginning to make arrangements for next season’s business, but it is rather early to forecast what it will be with any degree of certainty. A sale of best Swedish scantling at £5 5s 6df.o.b.,, which means about £7 5s landed, is re- ported, which 1s certainly a good price. A sale of white battens in Scotland at £5 5s f. 0. b. is also reported, but 5s more is now asked. Buyers seem disposed to make contracts for next year’s supply at this year’s closing prices, but shippers are in no hurry to commence business yet. Business is fairly active m Canadian woods, and the market is strengthening every day. Common qualities are wanted especially 3rd and 4th spruce. Those who have them are asking £6 15s and £6 5s c.1.f. Pine of the lower descriptions is also in demand, Ist and 2nds not being wanted. A number ofsales of next year’s product as noted elsewhere, have been made on the basis of this year’s prices. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. = STOCKS AND PRICES. The Canada Lumber Co.’s mill at Carle- ton Place, shut down for the season on the roth. Mr. W. A. Lockhart has sta 650 acres of lumber land at St. Martins, N. B., to Mr. W. Malcolm Mackay at $1,575. The standing timber on 360 acres owned by the Log Cabin Fishing Club, at Lake Lomond, N. S., is offered for sale by ten- der. Tenders are asked for the shingle mill and machinery of the estate of E. M. Law & Co., of Victoria Harbour, Ont., also for a quantity of shingles. The river St. John rose ro inches at Fredericton one night last week. If the river remains open a few days all the logs will reach the booms. The stock of handles, lumber, logs, etc., belonging to the insolvent estate of Capt. John Ellison, of Port Stanley, Ont., is be- ing disposed of by tender. The Ontario and Western Lumber Co. has cut from 25,000,000 to 30,000,000 feet this year. There are seven large mills under control of the company. Mr. W. R. Johnston, merchant, of Bathurst, N. B., has leased a rotary mill from Mrs. R. Jennings, of Janeville, and will fit it up for makiny shingles. The lumber cut on the Restigouche this year will, it is expected, be slightly short of that of last year, which was be- tween twelve million and fourteen million. It is thought that the Muskoka Lumber Co. will not operate on the Restigouche this winter, but they may do something on Green River, sending their cut down the St. John. The saw mills of Messrs. Baptist & Curtis and the St. Maurice Lumber Co., at Three Rivers, have closed for the win- ter. A great many of the men have left for the woods. Telegraph poles are in demand. Mr. Sherman, local agent for H. D. McCaffrey, of Oswego, N. Y., says he is ready to pur- chase 50,000 or more, to be delivered along the line of the Grand Trunk. Mr. John Dovey, of Lindsay, Ont., has decided not to rebuild his mill recently burned until next spring, and will not work his limits this winter, as he has enough stock for next year. He lost $4,- ooo worth of shingles in the fire. Tonawanda Island has seldom held as much pine lumber as it does now. Sales for October were heavy, in fact it was one of the most active Octobers they have seen, but still the stocks are large. Yet there is less complaint of low prices than at most wholesale centres. Lumbeiing around Bear River, N. S., promises to be as active this winter as last. Messrs. Clarke Bros. have com- menced operations at Lake Tom Wallace where they have about 200,000 feet to saw up now and at Round Lake there will be a miliion feet. Mr. George Johnston, inspector for the Wilson Lumber Co., of Toronto, which purchased the season’s output of the Carew’s mill, Lindsay, Ont., is busily en- gaged superintending the shipping of it. The lack of sufficient cars is retarding operations. J. Piggott & Sons, Windsor, Ont., say that stocks are moving actively and that pine for general house use is in good de- fyi “ar mand. ‘Lhe lumber for the new Presby- terian church sold well at Detroit prices. Stocks are good and prices are declining, but trade has been good, better than it has been for years, and prospects are good for the spring trade. The sale of the Turner lumber tract, at Albert N. B., attracted much attention, all the larger firms of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia being represented. It was purchased by Mr. T. B. Calhoun for, it is understood, a St. John man, and was knocked down at $6 635. The property con- sists of a level tract on the line of the Al- bert Southern railway, and will cut about two million feet of lumber. Although the lumber can be easily handled and the pro- perty is a very desirable one, it is gener- ally considered it was well sold. NEW BRUNSWICK NOTES, A. L. Wright & Co., Salisbury, N. B., have finished their season’s cut, about 3,500,000 feet, of which some 2,- 800,000 feet was shipped to England, via Shediac, the remainder going the United States and local markets. Their opera- tions this winter will be about the same as last. Their mill is steam power, gang and rotary, and well equipped for manufacturing, having planer, lathand box making machinery and shingle machine, which enables them to work their stock very fine, the refuse being cut up into short lengths for fire wood, which finds ready sale in Moncton. C. &J. Prescott, Albert, N. B., aresawing up the last of their season’s cut, 700,000 ft., of which was hung up, the rains of the last few’ days enabling them to get the logs to the mill. They cut deals for the English market, which are taken by scow to Grindstone Island, about three miles, and loaded in barges direct for Liverpool. The mill is single gang with lath machine, water power. Their cut was 3,000,000 ft. and they expect about the same this win- ter. G. D. Prescott, West River. N. B., has got the last of his drive of logs tohis mills and which he will finish sawing ina few days. His output this year willbe 2% millions. This winter he will get out 3 million ft. Mr. Prescott hasa very nicely arranged steam rotary mill, with capacity of 30,000 feet a day, also lath machine sawing 25,000. He saws principally English deals. George J. Vaughan, Point Wolfe, N. B., will get out the usual quantity of logs 4% to 5 millions. His cut this year is all marketed, with the exception of some laths he is holding over for early spring shipment. Mr. Vaughan has had some offers for his mill and timber property, but his views as to price were considered too high. There is no doubt that the pro- perty 1s a valuable one. J. S. Atkinson & Co., Albert, N. B., have a portable sawmill cutting deals for them in the woods this winter, which will be shipped from Grindstone Island in ves- sels direct for Liverpool. They intend getting out 1,000,000 ft. J. S. Goodwin, Riverside, N. B., has his portable mill in the woods ready for work when the snow comes. He intends putting a double edger in his mill which will add to its capacity 20 to 25 per cent. His deals are also shipped from Grind- stone. Turner & McLellan, Riverside, N. B., have a steam mill of 25,000 capacity, the - water see. so low that he did Stock for which is hauled in from rounding country. They get from $ te million feet. A. & J. Bray, Lower Cape, N. B., hz a water power gang saw mill, in they cut. about half a million feet pe year. They are getting the usual quan ty this winter. Wilson Bros., Demoiselle Creek, N.B have a water power rotary mill. 7 cut about 400,000 feet. W. H. Duffy, Hillsboro, N. B., has mills, a portable which he runs i winter sawing 1,000,000 feet, and a power gang mill at Turtle Creek, he saws about the same quantity. deals are shipped by the Sal'sbury & Ha vey railroad to Riverside, then scowe Grindstone and loaded on vessels England. ; Dawson, Duffy & Steeves, Daws tlement, N. B., are putting in a new: portable mill and intend getting million feet of deals. They will to Baltimore on the T. & H. thence by rail and scow to Gri John W. Wright, Stony Creek, N has his portable mill at work in the v sawing for Nelson Smith, Cuan spruce will be sawn into deals English market and the pin local markets, principally to. T. C. Le Blanc, Fox Creek, his portable mill in the woods, from Salisbury Station, sawl ae merchant and _ owner, his drive in until very late. He better to put a steam mill in the wood: The Alma Lumber & Shipbuildi Alma, N. B., have finished saeeey season’s cut, about five million ft. cut this winter will be about the sam last. They have a two gang mill, with la machines, planer and shingle mach good water power. The mill isa m of convenience and neatness. M gateisthe efficient mill-wright and st tendent. SHIPPING MATTERS. The ss Turret Crown has keiee lumb er at Quebec for Hull. x The following shipments from the po’ Montreal have been made during the ending November 25th : Manphes to. don, 8,989 deals, 983 ends, 5,611 boards; I to London, 21,758 boards; Amarynthia, Glasgow, 23,800 deals; Lake Ontario, to Li pool, 82,100 boards. NoTE—These ar et last shipments of the season, Mr. Jo Wik Bryce is the succ tender for the supply of lumber for Toro to for the coming year at $12.29 for planking, and $12.24 per M for scan ling. Messrs. W. F. Grant & Co., w supply cedar paving posts at $4-9 cord, and culls at % 10. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumser freight rates for pine on the Grand Railway have been made a fixture, as below. O intended change due notice will be given lumb General instructions in shipping by Grand ’ embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 Ibs. unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in case the marked capacity (but not less than 2. will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Shi be impracticable to load certain descriptions 6 f Jumber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, then the weight only will be charged for, but not less ooo Ibs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will n higher from an intermediate point on the st than from the first named point beyond, tothe tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, y not be higher than the specific rates named from V ton to the same points. The rates from Southampton to points east of Listowel and and west of Stratford will be the same as Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates charged than as per mileage table published on p of tariff. : FS SS SS aa ee enn re LO Oe eT a Ey ' Ps, -MBER 27, 1895 Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Penetang, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; Brace, bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor- Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, 9c.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, zoc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 64%c. Theserates are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 734c. per 100 lbs.;_ to Deseronto, 9c.; to Brockville and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, 11c. The rates on hardwoods average about from rc. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district _ ireight agent. wy vi bs a ~ i Jos eT ‘ > oe 3 - 3 ANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. II, On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, roc ; Al- goma, Cook's Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, 13c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 14/c. per 100 lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 lbs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way are as follows: 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.25 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.75 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Quebec, $2.25 per M ft.; Arnprior to Quebec, $2.75 per M ft.; Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per 100 lbs.: Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per roo lbs. Ottawa to New York, 15 cents track de- livery 17 cents ver 100 lbs lightered; Arnprior to New York 17 cents track delivery +9 cents lightered ; Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports r3c. per 100 Ibs.; Arnprior to Boston, Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per © Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; export 15 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents per roo Ibs.; Ottawa to Albany, zo cents per roo lbs.; Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 100 lbs. Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per 100 lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the mi-\imum carload charged is 10 M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 lbs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. 1st, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7c. per 100 Ibs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7¥%c- from same points. FOR SALE RY HEMLOCK, ROCK AND SOFT ELM slabs for sale at 75 cents per cord on cars. No edgings. J. E. Murpuy, He worth Station, Ont. MiLLS Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN, No 8g State St., Boston, Mass. Inspection at mill. CANADIAN EXPORTERS «”? WHOLESALERS ROBBRT THOMSON & GO. ...»-MANUFACTURERS OF....- LUMBER PINE and HARDWOOD — AND —— TORONTO OFFICE: London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. 0 070 GILMOUR & GOMPANY © © © MANUFACTURERS OF WAITE PINE L Write for Prices. DOoNOGH & OLIVER °° 0 ° Wholesale Dealers in UmDEP, Lath and Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Fruntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——: HUNTSVILLE, E are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also ; 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 1% in. wide. ANUFACTURERS OF LUMBER LATH axo SHINGLES Tw PEMBROKE LUMBER CO.17 ONT. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP TIMBER | UMBER : TRENTON, Ontario, Canada. DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. Se Write us for Quotations on all Bills & KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING SP&=1N?.. cewine “WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE : 20 Aberdeen Chambers JAS. PLAYFAIR & CO. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER * LATH * SHINGLES HARDWOOD a Specialty TORONTO BILL TIMBER a Specialty . . Wholesale Dealer in e all kinds of | G Bills cut to order. Contractors for Railway Supplies we MIDLAND, ONT. Sao. Cormack LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES Lumber shipped to all parts @ y rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. | ‘WiELE Sy, ON LTARto© MANUFACTURERS Tie Georgian Bay Lunber Go. Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn PEMBROKE, ONT. $20.00 ~oo~ LUMBBR : AND : LATH WAUBAUSHENE, ONT- Ottawa Lumber 60. WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, ETc. Write for Stock List SAMPLES BY MAIL #°N Ottawa Ganada Bui k’s Falls, Ont. | FOREIGN EXPORTERS wx” IMPORTERS \ \ JE want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : : : “« 144,1% 114,134, 1, 234, 8, Sin. White Ash p>. 223% 3 in. Soft Elm Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. - ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOK HIGH GRADE LUMBER. POPLAR, Pecs, MULLER e| FINE, and ° 9 Lumber and Logs tor Export MAPLE FLOORING, N.C. PINE, o o o ° oOo NO. 1 BROADWAY _ - ooo POOLE & CYPRESS REDWOOD. LUMBER NBW YORK. HOTCHKISS °°° Wholesale Dealers in PINE ax» HARDWOOD LUMBER Shingles and Lath Correspondence invited 270 West Genesee St., BUFFALO, N. Y. e) HARDYWZOOD © (Otiawa & New York Lumber Ling @ - BONDED LINE BETWEEN GANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK CITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO, WILLIAMS’ LINE. Agent NEW YORK OFFICE, 93 Wall Street. Telephone 531 Broad. J.-H Williams{ 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. YOUNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS AND MANUFACTURERS Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. SCATCHERD & SON =I 54 South Street, NEW YORK. -— WANT —: ROCK #6 tTioIW COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.—— Drake, F. J., Belleville, Ont. i Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que., - Payette, P. & Co. , Penetanguishene, ‘Ont. hes Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. 1 Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., Se The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., ’ Peterboro’, Ont. ; The Waterous Co., Brantford. fs Williams Machinery Co., A.R, Toronto. SAW MANUFACTURERS “a Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Ay Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Buffalo, N. Y. . Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. a Elias & Bro,, G., Buffalo N. Y. Gilmour & Company, Trenton, Ont. ‘on Haines & Company, Buffalo, N. Y. 5 Maitland, Rixon & Co., Owen Sound Ont. £4 Reid Co. of Toronto, The MISCELLANEOUS ‘ Alligator Tugs, West & Peachey, pues Ont. Tks Axes, Campbell Bros., St, John, N. B. oe British American Business College, Toronto. Can. Office and School Furniture Co. ., Preston, Unt. Can. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. Cant Dogs, Walter McFarlane, St. Marys, N. B. _ Dominion Leather Board Co. , Montreal. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. Ts Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. ; Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad, Illinois Central Railroad Co., Chicago, Ill. Lumber Truck Wheels, Montreal Car SWheei Co. - Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. = , Magnolia Metal Co., New York. “3 Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. a Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. om PRICES _OCURRBNT. a; TORONTO, ONT. sé Toronto, Nov. 27, 1895. » CAR OR CARGO LOTS. Renee MI ANC. DELEEK << Sea's ee o.ctncts'ss sale, vo escvesee ve Seve 33 rxzo and 12 dressing and better............0.0cceceeceeeuce 20 Berm and gazelle ..<\; «he aja e ca caeins's naa os eee a eens BemMGR ANTS (COLDINON . s.0.5:2 sdfelaitts dein ein te cece Spacainaeaiert rxzo and 12 spruce culls... rxro and 12 mill culls..... 1 inch clear and picks.. 1 inch dressing and better BAVEMUESIEND PTL N ANNA 5 fos ola e cle,cea afars c's bine tre)> ole. siamnfauataia eae PBMCS COTHMION = c/2.¢1 1c cr coe et clecmitices ve foe vice elton ese EOI SN) CHUN Siw, cce ieicicjaite elem tieie: ecm a tei neciat BAB SPEMC IE TNE CUS ose a picieiciesa scam ale de BAB ce eea omen tete) ‘Cull scantling DAE ae aan Ape ake CEC Ee SEO itOn ica) 68200 Sx-2iand thicker cutting up plank. ..0. 0.0. c.c.0eecececnns 24 00 I an a PCTS Cosa VFR 111 Bic art eae a eT I4 00 SERRAICHESENIDS, \COMMMOM 0 5.53212,< 016 55,0 01s;0,n.0. ciu/oinis viva, .0:6;a\ei0 wiped I2 00 MME ANIACEL SL OODO GS er ce ce witissefoe. vic’. aie cio eiaioieie ny v'arsigvao erm sie MISES TICIHOOTING.. 5 o'ce outs cana sieves ecuca end eeeticense at Peat PLES, EG MINCD s ciesir ates . ome ems o EO EAA cacao ne ate de 15 50 15 75! HARDWOOD, 4/4 and thicker, No.1 and 2 Black Ash, 10 to ape teeee ss Soft Elm, Pee “2 as ae Hard Maple, “ “ee “ c ee peeres, ae iad oe ae oe ee 3 Black Ash, Com aad Shi ping Cul, M “i «Soft Elm, Z an “ “ Hard Maple, ‘“ “e ae st «*- Basswood, ‘* - : “ “ec Birch, ce ALBANY, N.Y. Avgany, N. Ye N Uppers, 3 in. up . its $52 Dressing boards, AN Rn tor seb occa, ro: 52 | West India shipping Diho Dans) neato. Bae 2S a 48 | Box boards... 4 inch uppers . 50 52 Selects, 2% in. ‘up 40 4? TAOS sesh. weston eae 36 40 Fine common, 2% in. and up 38 40 1 tOaiiine. ats bce meee 34 «38 Ne. 1 cut, x to 2inch....... 28 35 ING.'2.. Sig stranica peas ei 22 25 ING. eo sceeitekis,- cp 17 20 No. 1 3 nae itozine «.;, 35 36 No. 2 molding, 1 to 2 in..... 30 32 Stained saps)... wa... sens 20 Bracket plank .~..; 7%... 30 35 Shelving boards, r2-in. up .. 28 SUGAR. c. per Ib. Granulated a:srtim st ace eee 4% 4 Extra bright refined....... 4 4% Bright Yellow.... -- 3% 4 Medium Yellow......5.0.. <. 3% Dark Vellowints...-sa¢s osc 33% 3% Raw oy pene catia «tpn a oe SYRUPS AND MOLASSES. syrups. _ Per gallon bbls. % bbls. Darlet 2. supe. chive: sasewee 28 30 z Mediuia 5.) 2 su csi Feiice aoe ae Damson Blue 2 Bright, 2c tescstrcs pease 35 40 Pumpkins, Ss. aes Very Brizht... .- assets 50 00 gallons . Redpath’ S Ehoneystaoncaes 40 | Tomatoes, 3 “2 gal pails 1 25 | ‘Thistle’ tin - «<3 gal pails 150 MOLASSES. Per gal. Trinadad, in puncheons. + 032 035 DbISsome. sane © 36 037 FS ¥ bbls. 0 40 0 40 New Orleans, in bbis..... 0 30 o 32 | Comp. Corn Beefrlb c Porto Rico, ihdds> Se 255 238 0 40 eS Se e barrels ...... 042 044 s as ¥ barrels.... 9 44 0 46 - RICE, bos Oo Rice, nee ee Paeng Mocha Rpts k, ve Government Java “ “ Japan Imperial ee Sane ae «Extra Burmah....... BG. Mita tEistire nica c= ss “« Genuine Carolina.... 914 10 Grand Wakes cos: - iy. s0 64% 6% Sagose ci ct-eee teinaven 4% 5% Tapioca case sidate we cs winrit < 4% 5% White Beans, per bushel... .. 175 FRUITS. c FOREIGN. . c. per lb. rags Dried, per Ib Currants, Provincial, ae 0 394 4 Evaporated bls an 4% us Filiatras, tae 4% ie % bbls a 4% Currants, Patras, ee 4 5% 3K 54. |. Barish aS 3 bale 6% Gu Vostizzas, cases. by 7% ee % cases 63% 7% | Brier, 7’s......... 5- Sales Bxcelsior= | --. yy |dndex,i7's:se0 Gases ee (cas ean ees 8% 2 me tg case.. 84% 834 ek ee Bisy vee «dy Dates, ice nee ose 4% 5 | Victoria 12'S. ‘ Figs, Elemes, rolb. boxes. . = ne) Branette, 12's: (sek need BACTOWD wei. ate pon seat 18 Prince of Wales, . caddies .. P“ Natural Figs, 28lb a OARS oes 4olb. boxes.. runes, Bosnia, casks...... 4 4% | Bright Smoking Pie, Myrtle, T | ae cases...... 547 & B, 3's 60 ad e ACG. avak | Ace cis Lily, 7's im Anchor cs bags. (as te] Diamondhoolace, ros tees sane 5° ee, ese ag!) OMe oe ore teats eo Myrtle Cut Smoking, 1lb. tins.. 70 03 v3 Gay, cases ... 5% | % Ib. pg., 6 Ib. boxes......... 7 Raisins, Valencia, off- ‘stalk. 4% wee | OZ PSs 5 Ub hoxess. yc sci Selepted ses aust enwene tence 6% $ ¥ - a, % _ Weare now prepared to give a complete example of the AT SN RES Se ES ET Le OD TP TE NE IIE ; . am 2 - :# b . - . 7 S * sh 5 “6. tate - 2: ae “~ DECEMBER. 18 bias » 1895 ‘the fulcrum equal to half the length of the arm itself. _ This amounts to saying that a uniform valve-arm acts the same as it would if its weight were all concentrated at the middle point of the arm. The point in a body which possesses this property is called the center of gravity of the body. As we-have said, the center of gravity of a straight lever may, in practice, be consid- ered to be half way out towards the end of the lever ; but if the lever has an appreciable taper, the center of gravity will be nearer the fulcrum. The position of the center of gravity can be found, in such cases, by calculation ; but it is simpler to take the lever out, and balance it across a three-cornered file, as shown in Figs. 16 and 17. It will balance when the center of gravity is just over the edge of the file, and the distance & can then be ~ measured directly. CALCULATION OF THE BLOWING-OFF PRESSURE.— calculation of blowing-point of a safety - valve. Let us take the valve shown in High. tc. elie arm is 321n. long and weighs 3 pounds; the ball weighs 20 pounds and is set 28 inches from the fulcrum; the valve-stem 1s 4” from the fulcrum ; the valve-disk is 2” in diameter, and‘the disk and stem, together, weigh 1% pounds. It is required to find the blowing-off pressure. In the first case, let us consider the ball. It is possible to load the valve-disk directly (just as in the case of Fig. 2) with a weight which shall have precisely the same effect, in preventing the escape of steam, that the actual 20-pound ball has ; and our first undertaking will be to find out how big this imagi- nary “dead weight” would have to be. When we say that it is to be “equivalent” to the 20-pound ball on the lever, we mean that it would just balance that ball, if it were on the left side of the fulcrum, instead of on the right ; and hence, by Archimedes’ principle, 28” x 20 Ibs. must equal 4” multiplied by the imaginary “dead weight.” Now 28 x 20 = 560, and 560+ 4=140. In other words, the 20-pound weight, ata distance of 28” from the fulcrum, has just the same effect as a I4o0- pound weight would have, if placed directly upon the valve- - disk. Inthe same way we may in- vestigate the ef- fect of the valve- ‘arm. It weighs 3 pounds, and its center of gravity is 16” from the fulcrum. A three-pound weight, 16 inches from the fulcrum, is the same thing as a 12-pound weight, 4 inches from the fulcrum ; because 3% 16= 48, and 12x 4=48. Hence the valve-arm is equivalent to a 12-pound weight placed directly upon the valve-disk. Fic. 17. Fic. 18.—FInbING THE BLOWING PRESSURE. _- The whole lever valve may therefore be regarded as equivalent toa “dead weight » valve loaded with 153% pounds ; for the ball is equivalent to a dead load of 140 pounds, the arm is equivalent toa dead load of 12 pounds, and the valve-disk and stem, taken together, weigh 1% _ pounds ; and 140+ 12+ 1%=153%. Wehave therefore found out that the valve will begin to blow when the the steam against the valve-disk is 153-5 pounds. The part of the /-.* disk which is ex- i ‘ 50 ’ i \ ‘“l_/ posed to the stem n> ~~ ae Be ies). is 2’. in diameter, and its area Is Fic. 19.—SETTING THE BALL. therefore 2 x 2 x ~ total pressure of .7854=3-1416 square inches. The total steam pressure against this area being 153.5 pounds, the pressure against _ each square inch of it will be 153.5 + 3.1416 = 48.9 pounds —* The letters refer to Fig. r. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN (neatly). A valve with the dimensions given above will therefore blow off at just a trifle less than 49 pounds per square inch ; and the calculation is similar in all cases. SETTING THE WEIGHT.—The method of setting the weight, when the blowing-off pressure is given, is almost precisely the reverse of the calculation given above. As an example, consider the valve shown in Fig. 19. The dimensions are as follows: Diameter of the valve=4’, length of the lever=66’, weight of the ball=5o Ibs., weight of the lever=18 lbs., weight of the valve-disk and stem =7 lbs., distance of valve stem from fulcrum = 3’. It is required to set the ball so that the valve shall blow at 100 Ibs. per square inch. The calculation is as follows : The area of a 4 inch disk is 4X 4x .7854= 12.56 sq. in., and if the steam pressure is 100 lbs. per square inch, the total upward pressure against the valve-disk is 12.56 X 100=1,256 pounds. If the valve were of the “dead weight” kind, a load of 1,256 lbs. on the valve- disk would therefore cause it to blow at 100 lbs. per square inch. We therefore have to set the ball at such a place that the action of the ball, the lever, and the direct weight of the valve-disk and stem, shall be equal to a direct load of 1,256 lbs. Now, the lever weighs 18 Ibs., and its “center of gravity” is (say) 33” from the fulcrum. It is therefore equivalent to a 198-pound weight laid directly on the valve-disk ; for by Archimedes’ rule we must have 33” x 18 Ibs. = 3” x equivalent dead load. Now 33 x 18=594, and 594+3=198 lbs., as stated above. In Fig. 19 this dead load (which is equivalent to the weight of the lever itself) is represented by the small weight marked “198” ; and the large dotted ball above it (whose weight we are about to find) represents the dead load that is equivalent to the 50 Ib. ball out on the lever. The dotted weight, together with the 198 Ib. weight,and the weight (7 lbs.) of the disk and stem, must be equal to 1,256 Ibs., as we have seen. That is, the “dotted weight must be 1,051 Ibs.; because 1,051 +198+7=1,256 The problem has now resolved itself into placing the 50 lb, ball at such a point that it shall be equivalent to a dead load of 1,051 pounds. The valve stem being 30 from the fulcrum, Archimedes’ gives us 1,051 lbs. x 3’=50 Isb. x distance of ball from fulcrum. Now 1,051 X 3=3,153, and 3,153 + 50 = 63.06 inches. That is the ball must be placed 63 inches from the fulcrum, in order that the valve may blow at 100 Ibs. per square inch. RULES.—The processes of calculation which are ex- plained above may now be summarized in the following two rules* : RULE 1. To find the blowing pressure when the position of the ball is given. Multiply the weight of the ball by its distance (4) from the fulcrum, and divide by the distance (C) of the valve stem from the fulcrum. (This gives the dead weight that is equivalent to the ball.) Then multlply the weight of the lever by the distance (B) of its center of gravity from the fulcrum, and divide by the distance (C) of the valve stem from the fulcrum. (This gives the dead weight that is equiva- lent to the lever.) Add together the two “dead weights,” so calculated, and add in, also, the weight of the valve- disk andstem. (This gives the total weight that is keeping the valve-disk down.) Then divide the sum thus found by the area of the valve disk, in square inches, and the quotient is the pressure, in pounds per square inch, at which the valve will blow. RULE II.—To set the ball, so that the valve shall blow at a given pressure. Multiply the area of the valve-disk by the blowing off pressure, expressed in pounds per square inch. (This gives the total effort of the steam to force the valve-disk up.) Subtract, from this total pressure the weight of the valve and stem. The remainder is the “dead weight” to which the lever and ball, taken together, must be equivalent. Then multiply the weight of the lever by the distance (2) of its “center of gravity” from the fulcrum and divide by the distance (C) of the valve stem from the fulcrum. The result is the “ dead weight” to which the lever is equiva- lent ; and if this be subtracted from the total dead weight, just mentioned, the remainder will be the “dead weight” to which the ball alone must be equivalent. Multiply this remainder by the distance (C) of the valve Il stem from the fulcrum, and divide the product by the weight of the ball. The quotient is the distance, 4, that the ball must be placed from the fulcrum, in order that the valve may blow off at the desired pressure. CAUTIONS.—In applying these rules two things must be carefully observed. In the first place, the diameter of the valve- disk must be measured at a@ 4, in Fig. 20, and not at ¢d; for the steam acts only on the circle whose diameter is a 6. Again, if the valve stem has a square top, as indicated in Figs. 21 and 22, mm must be taken as the “distance of the valve stem from the fulcrum”; because the moment the valve raises in the least degree, the pressure of the stem is all applied to the lever at , as is plainly indicated in Fig. 2 Although the foregoing article is intended simply to explain the principle underlying the lever safety-valve, it may be well to touch upon one point concerning the con- struction of such valves. The point we have in mind is this: When the boiler is under steam, it is an easy matter to try the valve, and find out whether it works freely or not. It ought also to be easy to do this, when the boiler is out of use; and in many cases it is so. Usually when the boiler is not under steam, it is suffi- cient to raise the weight and the lever, and then to try the valve stem with the thumb and finger; but some Fic. 20. ‘valves are so constructed that the valve-disk is free from the stem, and in such cases that the fact that the stem is free proves nothing whatever, so far as the disk itself is con- cerned, and the disk must be separately in- vestigated before the valve can be pronounced in good condition. If there is no escape pipe screwed into the valve, the disk can usually be reached from the exhaust side, and its condition noted ; but if such a pipe is provided (as it is, im many cases) the inspector has to examine the disk as well as he can, from the inside of the boiler. If the valve does not happen to be secured directly to the nozzle, an examina- tion from the interior of the boiler is not prac- ticable, and then the waste pipe has to be unscrewed, or the bonnet of the valve taken off, before the disk can be reached. These difficulties, when combined with the fact that there is often no external evidence to show whether the valve is secured to the stem or not, lead us to recommend strongly that valves with separate disks be avoided altogether. They have no very marked advantage over those in which disk and spindle are all in one piece, and as they are likely to deceive one into the belief that all is in good condition, when in reality the disk may be stuck fast, we feel justified in condemn- ing their use altogether. Fic. 21. Fic. 22. SPONTANEOUS FIRES. | Sue PBLACK has been known to take fire spon- taneously : Oiled or greasy rags have been seen to blaze up in a few minutes after having been thrown on the floor. Dried rubbish exposed to the heat of the sun’s rays has been seen to catch fire under circumstances that rendered any other cause impossible. The sun’s rays focused through a window pane on a plank in the floor containing pine sap have been known to set it on fire. Sawdust used for cleaning floors, or absorbing spilled oil and varnish, should be removed from the buildings. Sawdust accumulations around journals of machinery are prolific sources of fires. Matches in the pockets of cast-off clothing are_dan- gerous. Varnish and turpentine cans placed too near the stove in cold weather are liable to explode and catch fire. 12 THE (CAS ADA LUMBERMAN 7. i> OTTAWA LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HE water in the Ottawa is still very low, and vessels are constantly getting aground on banks of saw-dust. More islands (sawdust) appear in the river than are laid down in the geographies. Some difficulty is experienced in getting into the Rideau canal locks. The cut at the Chaudiere mills this season will fall short of that of 1894 by some fifty million feet. It must not be inferred that the lumber business in this city is declining. The shortage is due to other causes which may not occur again. The municipal census shows the population of Ottawa to be 49,674, and places it fourth in size among the cities of Canada. Ottawa owes this largely to the lumber trade. For the five months, May to September, both inclusive, the number of rafts reported at Ottawa through the Rideau canal was as follows, for the months named :—1895, 1; 1894, 0; 1893, 7- The Rideau does not appear to be much ofa route for rafts, ‘ : The project of a canal to the Georgian Bay by way of the Ottawa River is not a new one, but it has taken on new life and is being boomed for all it is worth. Mr. Macleod Stewart is the most active promoter. If carrled out it will have an im- portant influence on the lumber trade. After six years of litigation Antoine Ratte, proprietor of a boat livery in this city, has recovered damages from the Chaudiere mill owners for dumping sawdust into the river. The millmen were made joint defendants and the damages were divided as follows :— J. R. Booth, $1,827.77; Perley & Pattee, $879.14; Bronson & Weston, $879.14. The costs in the case are very large. Mr. Ratte entered a similar suit twelve years ago, which went to the privy council, and now he is in a position to enter another action for damage done since the suit just decided was entered upon. A statement having been put forth that Mr. J. R. Booth, the great lumberman, who is building the Ottawa, Arnpnor and Parry Sound Railway, had brought outsiders here to work for 90 cents a day, that gentleman has referred doubters to his pay rolls, which show that $1.25 a day was the lowest paid during the summer. During the winter some men did get from goc. to $1.10 a day of 8 or 9 hours, doing work which was not really required till the spring. To men in the woods Mr. Booth pays $17 to $24 per month, according to the na- ture of their employment. Canadian firms have sent between 6000 and 7000 men into the woods this year, and United States firms operating in Canada about 2000 more. Wages average as follows :—Foremen $50, cooks $35, log cutters $22, teamsters $20, general hands $18, road cutters $16, all with board. The prospects for a good season are bright. Orrawa, Can., Nov. 22, 1895. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] HE Everett mill men talk of shipping a cargo of shingles (y and siding by way of Cape Horn next spring. An effort is being made to form a lumber association for the entire Pacific coast. The San Francisco men are working it up. Reports from Melbourne, Australia, are to the effect that stocks of fir timber are exceedingly low, and that prices are stiffening. When the reduced tariff goes into effect on Ist January we expect a great impetus to our trade. The reduc- tion being on sizes 12x 12 and over, it will promote the ship- ment of large sizes at the expense of the smaller, but is never- theless satisfactory to our millmen. It is reported that the Ross-McLaren Lumber Co. are seri- ously considering the erection of a large cargo mill near Cape Caution ; also that a Tacoma firm have a party looking up a site on the mainland, near the north end of Vancouver Island, for a similar venture. Mr. Francis Rotch, manager of the Seatco Manufacturing Co., Bucoda, went to Central America on the Transit, the first steamer of the Puget Sound Central American line, to represent his mill and Tacoma merchants. Soon after his arrival he cabled an order from San Jose de Guatemala for 300,000 feet of fir lumber, Sodo new markets open up for Pacific coast timber. A Norwegian ship, the Mathilda, of 2269 tons register, re- cently arrived at Vancouver, from Nagasaki, Japan, to load lumber and canned salmon for Buenos Ayres. She will likely be followed by others. This is a new departure in our west coast trade. : Shingles are an interesting topic here, but there is very little to report, trade for this year being practically over. So far as I know now, the amount of shizgles produced this year will be about the same as last ; and although not at present in a posi- tion to give the exact amount of the cut, I think about 125,000, - 000 is an outside figure. As to prices I can speak with more certainty, as I know that shingles have not been netting the manufacturers within 10 to 15 cents per thousand as much as they did last year. The reason of this is that we have had to compete with our neighbors in Washington. For example : We would have had no trouble in getting $2.50 per 1000 for our extra 6 to 2’s delivered in Ontario, but Washington parties issued price lists at $2.35, and as a result we had to drop to $2.35 and $2.40. Possibly 25 per cent. of the cut of British Columbia has been sold in the United States this year at prices never below what Puget Sound manufacturers and dealers sold at, and in a good many instances 5 to 10 cents per (000 more. NEw WESTMINSTER, B.C., Nov. 18, 1895. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. ; BOUT 8o schooners took cargoes of lumber at Fredericton for the United States this summer. Fully three times as much was sent in October as during the same month last year. Men are being hired for the woods at wages ranging from $14 to $20 per month. A number of men hired in this province for lumbering in Maine have been turned back at the frontier on account of the Alien Labor law. This seems to be a small business. The cut of logs on the upper St. John this winter will be considerably larger than that of last year. The cut on the St. John above the Grand Falls will total about eighty millions. About twenty-five millions will be got out on the Tobique, ‘which 1s larger than last year’s cut. The cut on the Aroos- took will fall short. The operators are Allan Hammond, who will get out about three million on Black Brook and Half Way Brook for Cushing & Co.; Robt. Aiken, who will cut about two million for Miller & Woodman at the head of the Mada- waska, and Cornelius Hagerman, who has contracted to get out a million on the St. Croix for W. H. Murray. Adams & Co., of New York, have bought all the New Brunswick property of the St. Lawrence Lumber Company— the Bathurst mill and property from the English bondholders, and the stores, tug-boats and other plant from the liquidators. The Burnsville mill and property they bought from the Mer- chants’ Bank of Halifax. Men have been sent into the woods on both properties, and six to eight million logs will be cut this winter. Adams & Co. will construct the extension of the Caraquet Railway to Lacadie, for which subsidies have been granted, St. JoHN, N. B., Nov. 23, 1895. MICHIGAN LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanADA LUMBERMAN. ] NERS pine and hemlock are very much depressed in price at present. The former is selling at $8 to $8.50, the latter at $7 to $8. There is no money in them at such prices. Nearly as much lumber has been shipped from Alpena this season as from the Saginaw river, that is by water. This is quite a change. The Mosher failure is still a fruitful source of discussion in the Saginaw Valley. The liabilities, according to the latest statement, are not far from $1,000,000, Four large steel pontoons, 30 feet long and 12 feet in diame- ter, have been built at Bay City, to be used for raising the steamer Cayuga from the bottom of Lake Michigan, where she lies in 101 feet of water. The lumber shipments by water for October were only 17,- 840,000 feet, a very small showing for one of the closing months of the year. Up to date the shipments are 54,000,000 feet less than 1894, and 200,000,000 feet less than 1892. There is more lumber in proportion on the docks than usual. As for shingles,.only 8,165,000 have been moved by water this season. Over 200,000,000 are handled here annually, an increasing number being transported by rail. In 1893 the Michigan Central and Flint & Pere Marquette each carried about 2340 car loads. There has been a considerable falling off in the business of the Saginaw Valley, due partly to recent failures, partly to other causes. There will be large stocks held over. This will have an effect in curtailing the cut of logs, both here and in Canadian woods. There have been only about two-thirds the usual quantity of logs brought across the lake this season, and next year there will be less still. J. T. Hurst and the Holland-Emery Co. cut 100,000,000 feet last year. This year they will not cut more than 20,000, - ooo. They have, however, 30,000,000 feet hung up, so that they will have 50,000,000 feet for next season. The Fair Haven Stave Co, have done a good business this season. They say fruit barrel staves are in large demand for eastern markets, and that they will carry over nothing but a few No. 2 staves. Such a season was not expected and the — mills did not stock up for it, so they are all pretty well cleaned out. The outlook for next season is uncertain. Timber is be- coming scarce and dear, and prices are too low for staves and heading to enable a profitable business to be done, The — Carey Hoop Co., of Harbor Springs, which makes coiled hoops, report trade in that branch fairly good. The factory of the Improved Match Co., at Detroit, a branch of the Match Trust, was destroyed by fire Nov. 16th. Three persons were burned to death. The factory was work- ing day and night. The loss is about $45,000. The fire was started by an employee stepping on a match, and it spread with alarming rapidity. There is a lesson here to be careful — with matches. ; Colonel A. T. Bliss, of this state, owns a tract of 130,000,000 feet of fine white oak timber in Arkansas, about eighty miles from Hot Springs, and in view of the steady demand for quar- ter-sawed oak, is considering the project of organizing a com- pany to erect a milling plant on the tract and manufacturing — the timber. a The old passenger steamer Fountain City, which, inthe — sixties, was the largest passenger steamer on Lake Michigan, ’ has been changed into a steam barge for the lumber trade, with a carrying capacity of 700,000 feet. 3 The Michigan Salt Co. has advanced the price of salt 5c. a bbl., which makes it 55 cents for fine. Shaw & Tyman will run their saw mill at Sault Ste. Marie all winter. The demand for men for the woods in the eastern end of the _ upper peninsula is greater than the supply. Several firms have agents at St. Ignace hiring men as they cross the straits, but when hired and their fare paid they have to be closely — watched to prevent other agents from stealing them away at stations along the line. Pack, Woods & Co., of Oscoda, have been re-estimating their pine, and find they have enough on the Au Sable waters — to keep their mill going 5 years. They also have considerable on the Georgian Bay, and think they can saw it as advantage-_ ously at the mouth of the Au Sable as anywhere. : The Northern Michigan Hardwood Lumber Association held an important meeting at Traverse City recently to con- sider the depressed state of the market. They propose to cur- tail the output some 50 or 60 per cent. They say they do not desire to create a ccrner in hardwood, but simply to prevent it being slaughtered at rates which are unprofitable. The matter will be further considered at their December meeting. The Henry Howard Estate, Port Huron, has not been three days without a special order on the head sawyer’s slate this summer. SAGINAW, Mich., Nov. 23, 1895. \ \ CANT HOOK CLASP SOCKET Bee s:- _PEMBROKE, ONT. Ortawa Enc Co ey _ DECEMBER, 1895 —— THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 13 THE NEWS. —The N. & B. mills, Marysville, Mich., have closed down on account of low water. —The sawing season at Minneapolis has closed. The cut is about the same as last year. —A sea wall is to be built on the lake front in Chicago, which will require about 3,000,000 ft. of yellow pine. —Mr. Christopher O’Kelly, a well known lumberman, of Pembroke, Ont., died a few days ago. octogenarian. He was almost an The Chatham Manufacturing Co. have closed down for the season and are taking stock. They will reopen on the first of January. —A combination has been formed among the clothes pin manufacturers of the United States. The output exceeds 500,000,000 annually. —The Rathbun Co.’s match factory at Deseronto now em- ploys about seventy hands. Eight machines are in use and two more will be put in shortly. — Lumbermen s Supplies We are making a Specialty of Lumbermen’s Supplies, and are offering, with other goods, a good Japan Tea, Get a sample of this & 00. fine draw and make, at 12% cents. splendid Tea suitable for the Camp. H. P. Eokardt WHOLESALE GROCERS —The Minister of Public Works is being urged to improve the navigation of the St. Maurice, on which considerable lumber- ing is done, and where the Messrs. Drummond take out a large quantity of wood to be made into charcoal for their Radnor forges. —Mr. Cameron, manager of the Western Lumber Co., Winnipeg, says of the course of trade: The season for business is gradually changing in the west. Formerly we did consider- able trade in the fall, but now it is mostly transacted between April x and September ft. —A spar 128 feet in length, 28 inches in circumference at one end and 26 inches at the other, is being shipped to Eng- land by the Hastings mill, Vancouver. It is for a racing yacht, and is of the finest quality, not having a knot or blem- ish of any kind in its entire length. —Farnworth & Jardines wood circular, Liverport, Ist November, gives the arrivals from British North America for the month of October as 28 vessels, 26,807 tons, against 42 vessels, 36,417 tons, for the same month last year. The total arrivals to date are slightly in excess of 1893 but considerably behind those of 1894. SIXTEEN RBASONS, TORONTO. manufacture of lumber. AND HOW TO AVOID THEM A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. PERSONAL. Mr. A. H. Campbell, of Toronto, the well known lumber- man, will spend the coming winter with his family in_Europe. Mr. H. A. Wiley, a member of the firm of Thos. Marks > & Co., Port Arthur, was in Toronto recently, hiring men to cut spruce on the firm’s limits on Lake Superior. A considerable amount of their output goes to Indiana, where it is nade into paper. Mr. A. A. Benson, representing the Waterous Co., of Brant- ford, having completed the Hamilton mill at Strait Shore, N. B., has gone to Ellerhouse Station, N. S., to look after the erection of a mill for Mr. T. G. McMullen, of Truro. He has made lots of friends while in the lower provinces A representative of the CANADA LUMBERMAN has had the pleasure of meeting in Montreal Mr. Paul Duluard, lumber merchant, of Paris, France. Mr. Duluard does an extensive trade in lumber, and especially in pulp wood, in France, and has come to Montreal for the purpose of making arrangements with a couple of houses to act as his agents. He has hitherto been doing business with Norwegian and other foreign export- ers, but the coming into force of the Franco-Canadian treaty has led him to seek better conditions here. After arranging his business in Montreal Mr. Duluard will leave for New York, whence he will sail for France. Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the Giving the CAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. AY TORONTO DAVIDSON Wholesale Grocers ee reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner of properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his- tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type,-and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. DUP ND AND POWERLD ypRAVLIC Y) rac rNeR The Northey Mfg. Co. Lia. TORONTO THE LAURIE ENGINE GO. - MONTREAL SOLE AGENTS FOR PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PAPER PULP BOARDS. : oe the recently granted Canadian patents, as described in the last issue of the Patent Record, is one for a process of making paper pulp boards, etc. The patentee is Wm. Norris Cornell, of Brownville, N. Y., and the claim 1s as follows :— An improved process of making paper pulp board in imitation of natural wood, which consists in winding convolutionally on a paper machine, a pulp board of less than the desired thickness, then in adding a separ- ate piece or pieces of pulp to the partially finished pulp board and finally in finishing the winding of the pulp board to the desired thickness, whereby said separate piece or pieces of pulp cause the pulp board to slip and wrinkle on the forming roll, substantially as set forth. 2nd. An improved process of making pulp board in imi- tation of natural wood, which consists in winding con- ROBIN, SADLER & HAWORTH OAK TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL AND TORONTO yaeee SHURLY & DIETRICH 38608 eooo WHST & PHACH HY eee volutionally on a paper machine, a pulp board of less than the desired thickness, then in adding to the par- tially finished pulp board a separate piece or pieces of pulp of greater density or drier, and of another color than the pulp board, and finally in finishing the winding of the pulp board to the desired thickness, whereby the said separate piece or pieces of pulp cause the pulp board to slip and wrinkle on the forming roll, substan- tially as set forth. 3rd. An improved process of making pulp board in imitation of natural wood, which consists in winding convolutionally on a paper machine, a pulp board of less than desired thickness, then in adding to the partially finished pulp board a separate piece or pieces of pulp of greater density or drier, and ofa darker color than the pulp board, then in finishing the winding of the pulp board to the desired thickness, whereby said separate piece or pieces of pulp cause the pulp board to MANUFACTURERS OF DECEMBER, md slip and wrinkle on the forming roll, then in removin, the pulp board from the machine and finally in aryined 7 sand papering, and finishing pulp board, substantially as set forth. The water in the Rideau has not been so low for years. Mr. W. C. Edwards’ mill at New Edinburgh has been working less than half time. There is only one pulp mill on the North Pacific Coast, that at Everett, Wash., which uses 2,500 cords of wood per month and turns out 15 tons of paper per day. The ships India and Hindostan, which have loaded lumber regularly for some years at the Moodyville mill, Vancouver, will hereafter load at the Hastings mill. ‘ It is reported at Huntsville that Mr. Marshall, of Wiarton, Ont., has purchased the Fairy Lake Lock saw mill from the Canada Permanent Loan Society, and will fit it up for sawir ig hardwood. ; A THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES GALT, Ohtas SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET CREMIGAL PROCESS OF TENDERING. : Our Silver Steel Saws are Uneaualled SIMCOE, 2a: MANUFACTURERS OF ALLIGATOR STEAM WARPING ENGINES AND OILERS FOR STEAM YACHT 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 STEAM ROAD MAKER TUGCS Saw Mill Machinery ) BELTING| THE J.C.M?LAREN BELTING C° MONTREAL ee DECEMBER, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 15 ne (Dott me Aie.*e e2e|Fraines & Gompany a ample power, and will be run night and day, LUMBER DEALERS 4 Nt W | | (| []] S @ e M aghinéry 60. ua for work. It has one modern saw, with producing 65,000 feet every 24 hours. The EsTABLISHED 186r. Head Office: SOHO MACHINE WORKS Buffalo, N. Y. ‘slabs and edgings will be ground: up and Omer and xatis, foot'at Erie Pre : JOHN J. GARTSHORE, P TO RON O 345 St. James St., MONTREAL made into paper at a pulp and paper 5 eas Within 7 minutes’ walk of principal hotels and depots. 49 Front St. West, Toronto. BRANCHES | 193 Colborne St., BRANTFORD, ONT. & of the Eastern townships. iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. mill will help to develop the spruce interests NEY AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND OFFICES & WORKS AvJjoINING NEW UNION by, which belongs to the same parties. This RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS “NIAGARA” INJECTOR PRICE LIST The London Machine Tool Co., LONDON SIZE. Pri Suction Stea oe Ibs. 23 Horse Power. Number. rice. | and Feed. cams peer 7 a, sa: Sie Be’ % a Rites Have the following for sale at close prices: Mere aries nce 6 75 % % 120 roto 20 ; 125 eee eees tee of Z a ee x Engine, 24” x 30", William Hamilton Mfg. Co. make. Bip et re Paes Ako 58 Engines, 16" x 26", coupled on one shaft, first-class. Bete. cc sire 13 50 ro % 540 ante = Engine, 18” x 20", with fly-wheel and pulley. BE aim alnraie « an 20 00 I I goo Jo to : ” , A oe eee es paraa ae 1% 1,740 150 to 225 Beles 48 x 14, several in stock. oiler, 44” x 14, 43 3 tubes, good order. o————SEND FOR CATALOGUE Boiler, 44” x 12’, 46 3” tubes, perfect every way. Manufacturer and Dealer in Plumbers’ E < > ” W. H. STIRLING *. and Steamfitters’ Supplies . . Planer & Matcher, Bertram & Co. make, 7” feed rolls. Planer, Matcher & Moulder, “ Eclipse,” new, modern tool. Moulder, 3 side, 10’, Cowan & Co, endless bed. Lathe, Shafting, 30’ long, swings 24” over shears, modern tool. Lathe, Pulley, will turn up to 18’ diameter. Lathe, 18” x 8’ London Tool Co. make. Lathe, 16” x 8’, Stevens Mfg. Co. make. Stave and Hoop Machinery, complete outfit. Saw-Mill, complete outfit for sale. Wood Splitter, “ Hildrith ” patent, best in the market. Pumps, all sizes, duplex and single. ST. JOHN, N. B. Tne Rovat Evectric Company MONTREAL, QUE. Western Office: TORONTO, ONT. * Cable and Telegraph Address, «¢ Roylectric.’’ MANUFACTURERS OF Electrical Machinery an Apparatus | New Iron-Working Machinery —— . Lathe, gap 26” and 4o” swing x 20 8” bed. ‘ 7° Lathe, gap 26” and 4o” swing x 16’ bed. zg LIGHT and POWER Lathe, gap 26” and 4o” swing x 14’ bed. : ee Lathe, 48” swin 18’ bed. We Seectat ATTENTION GIVEN TO————— Lathe, 36" saree 16! Bed: LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY eae tad y FOR LIGHT AND POWER Lathe, 20” swing x 10’ bed. : ALSO FOR Lathe, 18” swing x 10’ bed. Lathe, 18” swing x 8’ bed. Lathe, 16” swing x 10’ bed. Lathe, 16” swing x 8’ bed. Lathe, 16” swing x 6’ bed. Radial Drilling Machine, 66” arm. Radial Drilling Machine, 50” arm. Drilling Machine, 42” centre, slightly second hand. Drilling Machine, new, 36” centre. Drilling Machine, new, 30” centre. Drilling Machine, new, 24” centre. Drilling Machine, new, 20” centre. ELECTRIC PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. STEARNS BROTHERS ... Patent Rossing Machine Why you should use this Rosser... . Iron Planer, 24” x 24” x 8’, new. Iron Planer, 30 x 30 x Io’, new. Iron Planer, 24 x 24 x 6%’, new. Iron Planer, 20 x 20 x 5,, new. Iron Planer, 52 x 48 x 15’, second hand. It will do double the work of any other Iron Planer, 72 x 72 x 10, second hand. It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. ; j It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark or block out. Itis a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. Alliron and steel, very simple and durable, — It will ross knotty and uneven timber without waste. \ It occupies about the same space as an ordinary Milling Machine, Brown & Sharpe pattern, No. 5 Universal. Milling Machine, Brainard, back-geared. Milling Machine, Lincoln, back-geared. Iron Shaper, Pratt & Whitney pattern, 12 x 22. Iron Shaper, Goold & Eberhart pattern, 16 x 20. Lathe, turret, several styles, for immediate delivery. laner. : . . : You can have a chance to try a machine before Pe Fox, for ee a buying it. athe, spinning, for immediate delivery. Presses, Styles, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 3% and 4. Presses, Bliss, Nos. 18, 19, 20, 22, 30, 32, 36, 74 and 82. Presses, drawing, Nos. 1% and 4. Presses, special, made to order. - MANUFACTURED BY - - - = EASTMAN LUMBER CO. EASTMAN, QUE. u11 line of machinery Supplies, Brass Goods, Belting, Lace Leather, Files, Iaps, Dies, etc. Every Lumberman wants it 45 cents buys it SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY | = BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : a PRACTICAL INFORMATION THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto SEND FOR CIRCULARS AND REFER TO THIS JOURNAL Tue A. R. WILLIAMS MACHINERY CO., Lto. . »« Toronto 16 THEH CANADA LUMBERMAN TRADE NOTE. The Ottawa Saw Co., although only one year in business, are taking a leading position in Canada as saw manufacturers. They report that the last year’s business has been successful beyond most sanguine expectations both as to quantity of work turned out, and the general satisfaction that it has given. Their works are fitted with the latest improved machinery, and the tempering plant is the outcome of many years study and experience ; the workmen are all tried and carefully selected. The members of the firm are practical saw makers of long experience in shops and mills in both Canada and United States, and they claim that their gang circular and shingle saws cannot be equalled in Canada. The Ottawa Saw Works Can your Son keep your books Send him for a few months to the fees e e BRITISH AMERICAN COLLECE OF TORONTO, LTD. owned by the President of the Board of Trade, the Manager of the North American Life Assur- ance Co. and other leading busi- ness men. Thorough satisfaction guaranteed. Students may enter any time. EDW. TROUT, DAVID HOSKINS, President. Secretary. Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps and secure a copy of the LUMBERMAN’s VEST PockEeT INSPECTION Book—the most unique and complete book of its kind yet published, Address, CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto. ike ie make more Shingles per day than Co. seeing the growing demand for a high grade band saw have added this industry to their works. During the past summer they supplied a number of these saws to different mills, and the results have been so good that they will now make this a special feature of their business. They further in- form us that already they have booked a number of full outfits in saws for large mills for next seasons use. They also make a specialty of repairing. J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls, Ont., are re- ported to have sold recently 50,000 feet of cork pine lumber to a Toronto firm at $60 a thousand, to be used in the manufac- ture of pianos. any self-acting machine withe vertical saw in existence, and more Shingles from the same quantity of timber. Ga a a, a i a | lam cae i LS VS Sa . Is of Iron throughout, very heavy and rigid, strongly bolted and braced. TAE CARRIAGE . Is very light and strong, made of forged Cast Steel Plate, running on steel ways or tracks. Will take in a block 18 inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. FATENTEESAND., =; MANUFACTURER OF ee PATENT . _ WOOD SPLIT PULLEYS FOR. MODERN SAW-MILLS See What the Big Fellows say_ __.& BUELL, HURDMAN & Co., Lumber Manufacturers, Jshinvio ga Ope CANADA, November 29, 1894. THE DopcE Woop Spuir PULLEY Co., Toronto, Ont. GENTLEMEN .—We take great pleasure in stating that we have a number of your wood split belt pulleys in our mills, and that they GIVE US EVERY SATISFACTION, and we CAN RECOM: MEND THEM HEARTILY. section would like to see them in operation, we should be PLEASED TO SHOW THEM AT ANY TIME. SEND FOR CATALOGUE AND DISCOUNTS. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co. 68 King St. West, Toronto. Dauntless Shinglé and Heading Machine DECEMBER, | OBITUARY, Alderman Hurteau, of Montreal, who was engaged in lumber- . ing for many years, is dead. Consumption was the cause 7 death. Mr. John A. Humphrey, ex-M. P. P. for Westmoreland, N. B., is dead. He managed his father’s mills at Moncton from 1845 to 1849, when he purchased the mills, and has run them ever since. He left an estate of nearly a quarter of a million, Turkey imports large quantities of lumber from the United States. The attention of Canadian lumbermen is called to tl his coun.ry as a new opening for their trade. a Also, if any of our neighbors in this Yours very truly, BuELL, HuRDMAN & Co. [copy. ] Hastines, Dec. 3, 1894. Dear Sir,—We have waited two years before giving you our idea of your machinery. This we did to thoroughly test it, and can now say we know what it can do. Your Saw Mill is equal, or nearly equal, to any we have seen of much heavier make, and far in advance of any light rig in the market. The capacity per day is fully up to your guarantee, 40 M perday. We have tested with eight men. The Shingle Mill cannot be beaten for any kind of timber. Ours being in a manner a custom mill, we have good, bad and indifferent timber, but for all it does the work satisfac- torily. | F, J. DRAKE, Esq., Belleville. You may use this in any way you iF. J. DRAKE > SAW, SHINGLE AND LATH MACHINERY Care Canadian Locomotive & Engine Co.. KINGSTON, ONT. CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY————. Yours truly, please, or refer to us at any time. (Sgd.) W. J. & H. W. Fow ps. DECEMBER, 1895 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 Kimball Bros., of Bryanston, Ont., have recently erected a saw mill at that place. Davis & Crothers, of Upper Gagetown, N. B., contemplate erecting a saw mill at u hat place. L oe WHO WANT THE BEST The Northern Lumber Co., with a capital of $20,000, has been incorporated. The pro- moters are: Alex. and Joseph de Lorimier, of Caughnawaga, S. A. and A. E. de Lori- mier and E. H. Godin, of Montreal. Messrs. Gemmill & May, Ottawa, solicitors, give noticc of application at next session of the parliament of Canada, for an act to incorpor- ate the Yukon and British Columbia Trading & Development Company of Canada, for the purpose of carrying on in Canada, the United States and elsewhere, the business of general E merchants, lumberers, vessel owners and for- = | ZA Sa : Z warders and miners. RNEN RE a2 ASK FOR ; Cf Bain’s Heavy Log Trucks urnished with Steel or Cast Skeins, 334, 4, or 44%arms. Any width tire. Are well built of thoroughly seasoned timber, heavily ironed and well finished. Built of any capacity required. Are STRONG, DURABLE, and LIGHT running. A trial order will be most convincing. Satisfaction guaranteed. Write us for further information. Address all orders or inquiries to Jee BAIN BROS. MFG. CO., Brantford, Ont. BEST MAIN DRIVE. GUARANTEED. Are You Looxine FOR A CHANCE IN LOCATION? If you are not satisfied with your present site, or if you are not doing quite as well as you would like to, Mhy not consider the advantages of a location on the Illinois Central R. R. or the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley R. R.? These roads run through South Dakota, Min- nesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana, and possess FINE SITES FOR NEW MILLS BEST OF FREICHT FACILITIES CLOSE PROXIMITY TO COAL FIELDS nD DISTRIBUTING CENTERS AND INTELLIGENT HELP OF ALL KINDS MANY KINDS OF RAW MATERIAL For full information write to the undersigned for a copy of the pamphlet entitled ana towns WANTING INDUSTRIES scminreas mews. | ADOVE all | Competitors LUMBERMAN’S ee i te aes VEST-POCKET using the... INSPEGTION | 7:J- ©: INJECTOR the most economical boiler feeder | in the world. BOOK 00 Wie saved in coal over any other make. le Absolutely automatic. Easily at- This will give you the population, city and county tached. Applicable to all kinds of debt, death rate, assessed valuation of property, tax Boilers rate, annual shipments, raw materials, industries de- Containing Rules for the Inspection . shee, Sota 2, ota : ; o sound industries, which will bear investigation, and Measuring:of Pine and Hardwood } NOT EXPENSIVE subpantiar eg ucemaats will be given by many of the " : : - places on the lines of the Illinois Central R. R. which Lumber in the leading markets of will outwear any other make and is is the only road under one management running through Canada and the United States. Em- simple in construction. It is easy to ion the North Western States to the Gulf of Mexico ‘ ; 7 C. ndustrial Commissioner I.C.R.R bracing also many useful tables and operate, and is the most powerful Co., 506 Central Station, Chicago. cz: i feeder in the world. calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. ramos cert |) | THB TJ.0, IN60U0F : «oe THE «2s HINT & PERE MARUUCTT RAILROAD FROM Port Huron and Detroit Is the Short Line to SAGINAW AND BAY GITY “Ganada Lumberman.” is the best because you cannot pos- sibly go wrong with it. With high or low steam the result 1s equally Toronto, Canada satisfactory. It combines the utmost C. H. MORTIMER, Publisher simplicity with perfect efficiency, and 1895 any boy can operate it. =em PRICE LIST J. +i (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) HE above is a fac simile of No. Price, s.1 | Mensa EQueny 4 the title page of the latest 7 ene Sos ee et aa x0 7 Soe BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE and most complete Lumber 20 15 69 4010 72 AND . . 25 22 50 2 to Ivo Inspection Book published. 35 pane Eee oe MILWAUKEE, WIS. ee ane The last-named place reached BY the Company's line We shall be pleased to send See ae Micha cote fal ~ you a copy on receipt of four MONTREAL TORONTO i . Fi and all Canadian Territory 3 cent Canadian postage To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. Deere Os Oo. 0 This road traverses a section of Michigan with un- stamps ee 5 i rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all ADDRESS : ; peeeetions + a market for every product of Forest and Field. (LIMITED) The policy of the “F,& P. M.” is known to all THE (PANDA [ UMBERMAN, travellers and settlers, A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic M: 5 Toronto, Canada HAM | LTON, ONT. GENERAL OFFICES: - SAGINAW, MICA. 6k En ele BR on _ - 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN |. “Decewner, 1895 fe J. 6. AISIDE—==—W. S1ODAR. | THE OGCHATHA M. MAITLAND, RIKON & CO. GANT LOG TRUGK Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock "cee LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, CEDAR AND HEMLOCK Quotations furnished on application onl MAGRINE ANIL WORKSOP J. W. MAITLAND Mt 1 MACHINE, spear OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR Planing, Moulding and Stave Cutting == SSpael dione JasleS IC io cS PHRTER PAY Garr ei T must be self-evident that our GIANT ARM LOG TRUCKS, of which the above is a faithful illustration, is the best log : truck made; but if conclusive evidence of this is wanted we HE DOMINION LEATHER Se refer to every mill man and lumberman in the county of Essex, 3 BOARD COMPANY Ont., where millions upon millions of Elm logs are gotten out — every year on them, and where these trucks sell readily, while — those of other makes remain unsold at $5 to $10 less. MANUFACTURERS OF Friction Pulley Board ROOFING, SHEATHING AND FLOORING FELTS GHE PARMENGER —m mn _/9y PATENT mm, PRY, FoR DRYING Be SA ESE ee a SS GIANT LOG AND LUMBER rae ee ey a i As seen above it is a Lumber Truck, but it is quickly converted into a Log J. So. PAR Veer DEV =D ise Truck by bunks which are grooved at the ends to receive the stakes and slip Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. down between them, and are perforated for side or lug poles. We build these trucks in all sizes from 2% to 4 ineh Malleable Giant Arms. Farmers all over are extensively adopting the lighter sizes as general purpose MITACHREN'S IMPROVED SYSTEM OF KILN’ DRYING |=" In reference to above trucks we would eall the attention of the reader ae to the accompanying illustration of VANALLEN’S PATENT GIANT ARM with whieh they are equip- Pi =] ped. 4 It will be seen that the hind bolster and sand-board are form- ed to rest upon the flat top of this arm, and being securely elipped to the axles forms a complete and solid truss and render the axles unbreakable and inflexible. a ; ; ‘ ; Our Malleable Giant Arm farm and teaming Wagons have no equals on z OST of erecting, running and maintaining the lowest and | this continent, of which the judges on vehicles at the World’s Fair, Chieago, — 3 5 : F ave us an ualified ifi in the shape of a GOLD MEDAL AND DIP- results the highest of any dry kiln and drying system in the S MA. Undueeieee ee a P market. Green Elm, Ash, Whitewood, &c., for furniture dried in GORRESPONDENGE SOLIGITED i WEE TOE vag co ez: 16 ONatham Mt. Go, Ltd. pilteabred 280h THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Profit in Business Is the “Milk in the Cocoanut.” The cocoanut is a hard nut to crack. If you don’t crack it mght you spill the milk. So with Business. Business done in an improvident, not-up-to-date, unbusinesslike way, will soon spill the profits. Open the cocoanut properly, you save the milk. Equip your business properly, you save the profits. oma “NEW ALLIS” BAND MILL Ricut Hanp Front VIEw. Rear VIEw. | “NEW ALLIS” BAND MILL “NEW ALLIS” BAND MILL it EFT Hanp Front VIEw. : The “New Allis ” Band Mill will squeeze profitable returns: from stocks which competition and antiquated machinery had apparently wrung out dry. The profit resulting from its use has been found by one lumberman to be actually 19%, and many have had a similar expert- ence. Can you afford, in these days of slim profits, to waste this amount yearly? WRITE US TO-DAY. Waterous, Brantford, Canada 27 Allis Band Mills sold in Canada in the last 23 months. CL ae eee gre? e : ih ee ieee ail. ox ~s@ DECEMBER, ,1895 7 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN J.D. SHIBR BPE i DONOGH & OLIVER — jy TRUK. WHEELS Lumber : Lath & Shingles WHOLESALE DEALERS IN BRAGCEBRIDGE, ONT. < SSS THE REID CO., OF TORONTO LUMBER, [ATH an SHINGLES The Montreal ) LUMBER = Wholesale and Retail o \ COAL & Handle ail kinds of Pine and Hardwood ; * f Lumber__..j. 9 > »5 : ; . ' LONG OAK BILLS A SPECIALTY : ‘ = bar wheel 60. Office : Corner King and Berkeley bts. TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. "+. MANUFACTURERS OF .... Dock: Foot of Berkeley St. BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Gharcoal Iron Ghilted . a [Os ee og oe ope Se SoS eo 62 Se SESS 9seSraq === RAILROAD nl ee ms | GILMOUR & COMPANY (WH FELS | - - - MANUFACTURERS OF - - - Se In e ‘ pS Teen Pa 4 OFFIC 2 ae i i NEW YORK LIFE INSURANGE BUILDING, MONTREAL arin Bur : | 6 | ] 6 | (]) Hones: LAGHINE, QUEBEG Write oie can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. i réntOni—e ae ! qT Paiees ONTARIO, CANADA Bo. ee Eee ee ee pa a, | e Pi 5 er Poole & Hotchkiss stm "ne gne Hardwood Lumber, , CORRESPONDENCE INVITED ‘++ 270 West Genesee Street, BUFFALO, NW. Y. 7 McFARLANE’S PATENT IMPROVED GANT DOGS WITH FORGED SOFT STEEL SOCKET (as {shown in cut). AN ENTIRELY NEW INVENTION—the result of years of hard study i and a large expenditure of money. The aim has been to make a cant dog light enough to be easily handled, yet strong enough to meet the required strain. This, I am pleased to say, has been obtained in THE BOSS CANT DOG. It is forged of the best quality of material, manufactured with the latest improved machinery, and I invite an intelligent inspection of its merits and workmanship, guaranteeing it to be all that is repre- sented. Made in three sizes, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3. No. x is 2¥% in., No. 2 is 2% in., and No. 3 THE “SHANTY QUEEN” AXE | is 277in. aiameter. “Any length bead pom 2to6 ee ane suitable he di york, ©«GAMPBELL BROS. =o Handlisethe sulleseepeepeNncesst Send for sample lot Manufacturers lees. Mentor eee en ors . d his i mtornce 3 ge gon, xB, | WALTER MCFARLANE, WRITE FOR PRICES Write for price and discounts. RERS OF » 22 Maw uFACr RIPTIONS OF Atilangd sno Shingle, Burting. ep Circular, Mill Gang Concave. Band. Cross-cut Billet Webs. PPPPEE 2 — OTT SAW WORKS aes Mn ppLE Or. (ie Out ON ee ee ; WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS | sul till ml Ih em ) Terms,$1.00 PER YEAR iil TORONTO, ONT .,, JANUARY, 1896 \ ao Copies, 10 Cents IN USE BY fe leacines Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, See itt Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woocllen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS Owners and Sole wets T/T A. Cis ee) ae Tee 70? GY Sa Sy (hy Manufacturers Sere es TE ere SE way a co. aca 74 Cortlandt St. NEW YORK ee CS « : AUTOMATIC 7 * : " NALVE MACHINE THe... INJECTOR. - will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. Should be in every Lumber Mill Mees ae 5 Engineers have H(; DENBER THY ete GO OOO used it, and de- a ARE THE BEST zie clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. Sah Ft ENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. WINDSOR, ONT. DETROIT, MICH. Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHBRS LE MANUFACTURERS . ‘‘ Reliance “Works,” - MONTREAL. SCBVVVVVVSVVSVSVSSVVSETAS Silver Solder pa pamcrh eaten ya Price $1.00 per ounce, in xo ounce lots. P. W. ELLIS & CO., 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. ¢ MANUFACTURING JEWELERS SVeeewss | c. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons J. L. Goodhue & Go. CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS - ONTARIO. MANUFACTURERS OF Any one desiring a good Second- Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING apy: write us for prices. Have several we will AND LACE LEATHER dispose of at a bargain. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 2) Sn Ville . Qu. eS, BURNS oA he CIRCULAR & Fis ” ATENT HANDS” ; /) Hi x \ ° . A M3 | | = = 5 % URNS cen i T CROSSCUT.| . nhs PAGS All| SIMRAN CR z a ONE e/ Uh \\ \ vw | N aNO Wiig Re r BURNS 7 Ae i yi: BU URN Wii) \\ J ey ENT H ae THE CAN A Te oe UMBERMAN ian hied, 1896. a TH Le NEW _PRESGOTT San and Saw Mill iy M7 Ty f l) J "i \ jl f) a | | ly HM mt || NN A). 4 nN K WAH | = a il mre |e SNS } ——<————— f \ a ‘ = ee ahi SSS meme lk — ——eee—ee———MH =, aS =a a= =| = ; ; a = || === : > ian —— Py : { J i Aa ws } Q\\\\ (i 1. & SO, >| / Ns Sah WAZ fl Ss: S ‘ YW) NSS) SS| Ps S ~~ ~ | os =) SY S = Ul R . XT , WA \ \\\ \ AI NAS \ ‘ WKY \\ MOQ \ \ \ \ = SY Wh WQS S ONS SS WAS \ WR aN . SN SX SS SS SS SS ~ S Ss SQ Q SS SS \N WX SS S af THE wy Mtge Ny F ‘WM. HAMILTO a PETERB N [" L- hh Swe TH CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVII. NuMBER I. TORONTO, ONT., JANUARY, 1896 ) TeErms,$1.00 Per YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents THE ST. JOHN RIVER (N. B.) IN RELATION TO ‘THE MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICAL PULP. [Special correspondence CANADA LuUMBERMAN]. Tue Saint John river, which is about 400 miles long, has held a high position as a spruce pro- ducing country, and the manufacture of spruce deals at its mouth dates back as far as 1819. The black spruce (abies nigra) was formerly found in great abundance in the southern part of New Brunswick, but this section of that province has been greatly de- vastated as well by the axe of the lumberman as by wind and fire. There is yet, however, much small spruce left in various parts of this district, as the lumbermen have heretofore in general cut down only REED To THE such trees as were large enough to eee : YNGE make deal logs, leaving the small DANIELS ones intact. The spruce which is found on the Saint John above the SANGEN THE WILSON BILL Was (N CONFERENCE | | ENDEAVORED TO GET THEM To PUT AN AD VALOREM DUTY oN y PLANED, MATCHE D GRooved AND TonGuen LYMPERFA Zi But THe THEY DID NO PAY THE SUGHTEST dron of 3,000 pounds. A railway is now being surveyed, which when completed will bring these mines into direct communication with Frederic- ton, which will reduce the price of this fuel. Schooners can be loaded with limestone from the cliffs which are to be seen just above the harbor of Saint John. run 98 per cent. of carbonate of lime. Some of this is so pure as to There is thus wood, coal and limestone, all of which can / ! By |, (¢ ‘ aN |! \ ARN TAN ENCE DATING FROM ihe EVER HEARD !T CLAIMED THAT FLOORING AND THE Like WAS Nor J PROPERLY CLASSED HON. E. J. FLYNN, COMMISSIONER OF CROWN LANDS FOR QUEBEC. O:G., EL Ds Quebec, M.P.P. for Gaspe County, is a native of the county he has so ably represented for about seventeen years in the Quebec Legislative Assembly. He was born in Perce on the 16th of November, 1847. His father, the late James Flynn, who was of Irish descent, was during his Hon. EDMUND JAMES FLynNN, lifetime a trader and farmer in Perce, the place of his birth. His grandfather, the late Edmund Flynn, was born a century ago, it is said, on the journey from Ireland, and settled down in Perce as a mer- chant, where he did an extensive business and filled also the position of preventive officer in H. M. cus- THAT | HAVE toms. There are now four genera- tions of this family in Canada, and they have become by marriage with Grand Falls is usually of the white variety (abies alba). Its wood is white and soft and its specific grav- ity is less than that of the black spruce. Fredericton, the capital of New Brunswick, is situated on the banks of the Saint John, about 80 miles by water above its mouth at the city of St. John, and about 66 miles by rail. The Canadian Pacific rail- way crosses the St. John at Freder- icton by an iron bridge. The north- ern terminus of this road in New Brunswick is at Edmundston, 38 miles above the Grand Falls, close to which latter place the C. P. R. passes. The Canada Eastern rail- way, which connects Fredericton with the Intercolonial railway and the gulf ports, uses this same bridge to enter Fredericton. The distance from Fredericton to the Grand Falls by the Gibson branch of the C. P. R. is about 127 miles; in the spring rafts can be brought down the AS “DRESSED” RATHER TWAN “MANUFAC - TURED" LUMBER J.W. HOTCHKISS U.S Expert J ‘\ ‘ . i | & ff ne i Au i ve ee e aon ‘S o Z PPeasioN. oA * P} Gen. Bd. of Appraisers | *e ay “Te appears that (Re trade distinction of Dressed {omber (5 (um- ber (Kak is planed or Suvfaced on ohe ov h | Goth. sides, and brood | to an even Thickness. When te further Advanced ww Manu- —— | cture, by having te edges planed or paeceDENT jointed... we fine For [His kat it 6 a many stor ¢ etre of wood, DEc iy favalle under \ » | Sec. (6t.~ \\ . Viv > oon STRING WiNNse20"77) THE DRESSED LUMBER QUESTION ILLUSTRATED. UNCLE SAM: but if I subject myself to the further process of putting on my hat, why then I’m no longer ‘‘dressed’’—I’m then—er—a ‘‘manufacture’’—a FINISHED ARTICLE OF “© You see, neighbor, I’m now, technically speaking, ‘‘ DRESSED,” French-Canadians, their education and social relations, thorough Canadian in the proper sense of the word. His mother, Elisabeth Tostevin, was also a native of Perce, though her father, the late Jacques Tostevin, was from the Island of Guernsey, and her mother, the late Anne Mauger, was a daughter of the late Elias Mauger and of Suzanne Dobson, of the is- land of Jersey, two of the English channel islands, where Mr. Flynn has many relatives on his mother’s side. His mother’s ancestors are from old Normandy and of French extraction. The Hon. Mr. Flynn was edu- cated at the Quebec Seminary and at the Laval University, Quebec, graduating with honors, having taken at Laval the degree of Laval again, in 1878, presented him with the degree of L.L.D. He adopted master-in-law in July, 1873. Saint John river readily from the Grand Falls to Fredericton, which city has thus both rail and water to depend upon for the trans- portation of pulp wood, which can be delivered there in great quantities at prices varying from $2 to $2.50 per cord. There is daily communi- cation by steamer during the summer between Fredericton and St. John, as well as by two daily trains, and schooners load at the former place with cargoes of lumber for American ports. The river water at Fredericton is so pure that it is used altogether for drinking purposes. The Grand Lake coal beds are 30 miles from Fredericton in a direct line. It is a good steam coal and is delivered in that city for $3 per chal- CUTENESS, you understand !” be brought by water to Fredericton, and then there is the pure river water which is excellently well adapted for the manufacture of pulp. Should the important changes which are pend- ing in the chemical industry in connection with the electrolytic method of decomposition of com- mon salt be successful, then the Grand Falls, with its vast undeveloped powers, will form a most important aid to the manufacture of chemi- cal pulp on the Upper Saint John. A Tacoma man who has been in the east reports noth- ing but satisfaction with the cedar doors which the west coast manufacturers have been sending out. law as a profession, and in Sep- tember, 1873, he was called to the bar of Quebec, and has ever since continued to practise as barrister, etc., in the ancient capital. 1869, deputy-prothonotary, deputy-clerk for the Circuit Court of the Crown and of the Peace, for the county of Gaspe, conjointly with that of secre- He has been a Professor of Roman Law in Laval Uni- From the 29th of October, 1879, to the 31st of July, 1882, he was Commis- sioner of Crown Lands for the Province of Que- Previous to this time he, from 1867 to held the positions of deputy-registrar, tary-treasurer of Perce municipality. versity since 1874. bec ; commissioner of railways from the 11th of February, 1884, till July, 1885, and Solicitor 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ——— General from the 12th May, 2 till the 2zoth of January, 1887. When the honorable. Mr. Taillon formed his Cabinet after the resignation of the Ross admin- istration, the Hon. Mr. Flynn felt himself bound : to decline a portfolio in Mr. Taillon’s Cabinet, on the ground that he did not consider that the lat- ter could command the confidence of the House, and it was not possible to expect another disso- lution. Mr. Flynn had, on the same ground, de- clined, in 1879, a portfolio in the Joly government. He however, on the 2ist December, 1891, en- tered the De Boucherville administration as Com- missioner of Crown Lands, resuming thereby his old department, with which he had already thor- oughly familiarized himself. The Hon. Mr. Flynn was made a Queen’s Counsel in 1887. He has taken an active part in political affairs for the past twenty-two years and has been a candidate at twelve different elections, ten of which were in the county of Gaspe. The first was in 1874, when he presented himself as a candidate for a seat in the House of Commons at Ottawa, but afterwards withdrew from the field when he was made a pro- fessor in Laval University, it being considered in- compatible by the University that he should hold both offices. He again stood in 1875 and 1877, for the Quebec Legislature, when he was defeat- ed after severe contests, there being only small majorities against him, especially in 1877. The election of 1875 he had contested and unseated his opponent; and, after the election of 1877, he was elected by acclamation, on the 29th April 1878. On his entering the Chapleau Cabinet in the fall of 1879, as Commissioner of Crown Lands, he was again elected by acclamation. He had pre- viously visited the county of Gaspe and consult- ed his electors as to the course he should follow. When he supported the motion which overthrew the Joly Cabinet, he had the authorization and. approval of his electors. held in 1881, Mr. by acclamation. At the general election Flynn was once more elected On accepting office in the Ross Cabinet in 1884, which necessitated an appeal to his constituents, he was opposed by Major John Slous, but carried the county by a majority of 988 votes. At the general elections held in October, 1886, he once more presented himself for election, and was returned by acclamation by his old friends at Gaspe. After the formation of the Mercier Government, in January, 1887, Mr. Flynn went into opposition and fought the battle of the conservative party in and outside of the House, with all the energy and talents which even his most determined adversaries recognize in him, until the dissolution of Parliament and the gen- eral elections of 1890. In July of that year, after the crushing defeat of the conservative party, he had the courage to stand, almost alone, as candidate in his old constituency, against a great array of electioneering forces, but he was defeat- ed by Mr. Achile Carrier, a young barrister of Quebec. Hon. Mr. Flynn then resolved to remain quietly in the practise of his profession for some time, but in spite of his determination, when the Dominion elections took place in February and March, 1891, the electors of the county of Quebec, Sir Adolphe Caron’s old division, after many entreaties induced Mr. Flynn to run for that county, which he did. The contest lasted 14 days and was conducted with great vigor. It resulted in the return of his adversary, Mr. Fremont. Mr. Flynn succumbed bravely, and again resumed, as if nothing had occurred to disturb the tranquility of his mind, the exercise of his profession. It may be said that never has there been a lawyer whose success has been greater than his during this year of active and constant attention to his business. It is needless to say that Mr. Flynn’s habits are those of the student and ‘scholar, and the thought of resuming active political life by enter- ing into the DeBoucherville government did vio- lence to his feelings. His friends are aware in Quebec that he hesitated very much to accept office, and nothing else than an imperative sense of duty induced him to yield to their pressing in- vitation and commence anew the battle of active political life. He was returned for the counties of Gaspe and Matane on the 8th of March, 1892, and subsequently elected to sit for Gaspe. On the reconstruction of the government, he con- tinued to hold the same position of Commissioner of Crown Lands in the Taillon administration. Hon. Mr. Flynn has always been in principle a liberal-conservative. By his first struggles in E. J. FLYNN. Hon. the county of Gaspe he succeeded in securing for the electors complete freedom and independ- ence in the exercise of their franchise, which had been affected by the interference of certain large In the legislature the part played by the Hon. Mr. Flynn has been promin- ent, as regards constitutioanl questions in par- ticular. He has won for himself the reputation of being a strong and energetic upholder of con- stitutional liberty,, In proof of this, it will suffice to refer to his defense of the liberty of the commercial firms. press in the case of the Nouvelliste, in 1885, and - his eloquent speech on the question of Home Rule for Ireland, etc. His attention has been given to many other objects of importance, such as that of colonization, which he has always endeavored to promote. He is the author of a homestead law for the benefit of settlers. His administra- tion of the Crown Lands has been marked by an increase in the revenue, increase in the value of timber limits and mineral lands, and by many useful rules and regulations, calculated to pro- mote colonization and the welfare of the many persons in the province who are occupiers of Crown lands. Other important measures were framed and carried through the legislature by him, SSSSsSsssSssSsSsSsS9asSS90030.080808080809090 SSS 4 é JANUARY, 1896 among them the Quebec general mining act of 1880, and the general mining act of 1892. He _ has taken a lively interest in the creation of national parks, and has already had two bills — passed on this subject, namely, for the Trembling Mountain Park Sanatorium and the “‘Lauren- — tides National Park.” He is also the author of several other bills of importance, such as that on 7 the land tenure of the Magdalen Islands, several acts concerning the Crown’s lands, railways, the protection of forests, and encouragement of — planting of trees. He has entirely reorganized © the Crown Lands Department, which he has con-- ducted on absolute business principles, doing justice to all alike, irrespective of party, nation-— ality or creed. The revenue of the department will, for the current year, amount in round figures, to $1,000,000, which gives an increase of $300,000 under his administration, and the annual expenditure has been reduced by, in round figures, $100,000. He is now engaged in further studying the forest resources of the province with the view of securing a permanent source of revenue and a sufficient supply of timber for all years to come. During the last session a com- mittee, presided over by him, took evidence and studied this question. During the present ses- sion the work will be continued. He has always taken a lively interest in the question of the con- struction of a railway from Matapedia, on the In- tercolonial railway, to Paspebiac and Gaspe Basin. Grants in lands were secured in 1882 whilst he was Commissioner of Crown Lands, and the same were converted into money grants, under his auspices as commissioner of railways. He believes that in the construction of this line rests the future welfare of the population of the Gaspe peninsula. His travels have been always directed towards the acquisition of a complete knowledge of Canada. re Mr. Flynn was married on the 11th May, 1875, to Marie Mathilde Augustine, daughter of Augustin Cote, editorof ‘‘Le Journal de Quebec,” and niece to the late Honorable Joseph Cau- “ chon, formerly Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba. __ He has had eleven children, of whom nine are still living. He resides in the city of Quebec. LOGGING BY STEAM—A NEW ERA IN LUMBERING., ; THERE is no more important industry in Canada than that of lumbering. With an invested capital of about — $100,000,000, an annual outlay for wages of more than $20,000,000, and an output to the value of nearly $110,- 000,000, anything which will tend to cheapen the cost of production, or facilitate operations, must commend itself —~ to those engaged in the business. There is now approaching completion at the Bertram Engine Works in Toronto, a machine which is likely to bring about a revolution in lumbering operations in the woods. It is called a steam logger, and is nothing more or less than a traction engine adapted for use on snow roads, © in hauling out logs. Horses have been largely displaced by the bicycle and the trolley car, with the motocycle coming _ in the near future, and now they are to be supplanted by — steam in the backwoods, where it might be supposed nothing else could be available for the class of work which — has there to be performed. if Our illustration will give a good idea of the construction ~ of the machine. It consists of a heavy frame work of ~ iron, mounted on sleds, with an engine and boiler, the en- +: gine giving motion to two hollow drums with projecting _ teeth, which revolve on the road, propelling it forward — or backward. The logs are loaded on the ordinary lum- ber sleigh, a train of which is drawn by the logger, by means of chains, one of which can be seen in the cut. These chains are so arranged that the heavier the load the more do they press upon the arms on which the drums é * JANUARY, 1896 revolve, causing them to bite more firmly upon the road. The steering is done by steam. The machine acts as its own sprinkler, and besides this, steam may be introduced into the drums, to moisten the surface of the road and enable them to take a better hold. As the drums are nar- rower than the full width of the road, the sleds are pro- vided with grooves, through which steam may be passed to moisten the ruts where the runners go. By this means the fachine makes its own road, firm and solid, and better than if separate sprinklers were used. Everything is of the most substantial construction. The material used is soft steel so that the risk of breakage is reduced to a minimum. Although two drums are shown in the cut, that number is only required for heavy grades, and the machine now being built at the Bertram works has only one, with a horizontal engine of the compound type. But these are only differences of de- tail and do not affect the principle. When in use the ma- chine is closed in to protect the men and machinery. The logger is 30 feet long by to feet wide over all, the sleds being 6 feet 6 inches, and weighs 13 tons. _Eight and a half tons of this rests on the sleds, the remainder on the drums. The diameter of the drums in the cut is supposed to be four feet, in the machine be- ing built with one only, it is increased to six feet. The engine is 75 horse power and is geared to run from 8 to 1c miles an hour. It has a starting capacity of 600 horse power and its hauling load is 40,000 feet atrip. It is im- possible to slip or spin the drum on the road, because the harder the pull the stronger the bite. i It will be seen at a glance how great is the advantage of sucha machine. Logs cut and skidded in the fall must be banked the following winter. Fail- ure to get them out means serious loss by discolouration, worms, locking up of capi- tal and failure to fill contracts, besides risk from fire. A lumberman with 20,000 feet of logs left over in the woods has their Lg value, $150,000 or more, absolutely dead capital for a year. How important it is, > Ht L. AE =|s then, that they should reach water. By the use of the steam logger risks arising from the use of horses are avoided. It is found that at present prices it does not pay to haul ‘logs with horses more than five miles. With the logger much longer hauls can be economically performed, for the longer the haul the cheaper is it per M per mile, and it hauls over roads that cost less than horse roads. Three men—engineer, fireman and pilot—on a five mile haul, will do the work of 40 double teams and their drivers. In case of emergency, by having two crews the engine can be worked at night as well as in the day, for it never - tires. A large saving can be effected in the board of horses and men, besides avoiding depreciation in horses, which is estimated at 20 to 25 per cent each season. It costs nothing to keep the machine when it is not working, and when in use its only food is wood, obtained on the spot and costing nothing but the cutting. If it can do the work claimed its economy is so great that it must come into general use. The steam logger is the result of experiments com- menced some ten years agoin the lumber districts of Michigan. The necessity for something of the kind was felt, and a practical lumberman, named Glover, began experimenting. He associated with him Mr. Samuel Chandler, of Chicago, and the two worked out the idea, slowly and labouriously, and at an outlay of about $100,- ooo in experimenting, till they achieved success. At the close of the season of 1893, after being thoroughly tried under varying conditions of weather, roads and temper- ture, the machine was pronounced by competent en- gineers and practical lumbermen a mechanical and com- THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 mercial success. It has since been in successful use in Michigan, and is now being introduced into Canada. Mr. Chandler has formed a company called the Ontario Steam Logger Co., Limited, to build and operate the en- gines, in which he has associated with him a number of prominent business men, Alderman Jas. Scott, presi- dent of the North Shore Navigation Co., and vice-presi- dent of the Georgian Bay Lumber Co., being president, Mr. Geo. H. Bertram, treasurer, Mr. R. H. Bowes, sec- retary, and Messrs. Bertram, Wm. McKenzie, T. H. Dun- net, A. H. Campbell, T. R. Wood, S. Pearcy, of Toronto, Samuel Chandler andGeo. T. Glover, of Chicago, directors. Two engines will be built for usein Canada this winter. The one approaching completion is going to the limits on the Wahanapitae River, in the Nipissing district, to work for Wm. Irwin & Co., Peterboro’, the other will be em- ployed by Mr. Egan, of the Hawkesbury Lumber Co., in the Ottawa district. By next year the company will be prepared to furnish engines and crews anywhere in Cana- da, and will make contracts for hauling at a rate per M feet rather than sell or rent the engines. that by its use the output can be doubled with reduced gangs of both horses and men. They assert The engine is, of course, available for any kind of haul- age over snow roads, and it will doubtless be largely adopted in connection with mining and other operations in the Lake Superior, Georgian Bay and Ottawa districts. NOVA SCOTIA NOTES. Young Bros. & Co., head office at Parrsboro, have a steam gang mill at Newville, where they saw seven mil- a CG = wy og a FLOORING CLAMP. Patentee: John W. Smith and Franklin J. Perkins, both of Woburn, Massachusetts, U. S. A., 21st October, 1895 ; 6 years Claim. —1st. The improved flooring clamp comprising the frame or casing 1, containing the bearing 8, and sockets on opposite sides of said bearing, and provided with pins or studs loosely fitted to said sockets and adapted to be driven into the supports of the clamp for retaining it in position, the horizontal cam 10 having the pin or journal g fitted to the said bearing and provided at its edge with a face for acting against the edge of a flooring board, the said face having the straight portion 141, and the curved portion 142 formed as a volute and with a gradually increas- ing curve, and the handle or operating lever, sub- stantially as described, etc. AUTOMATIC OFF-SET MECHANISM FOR SAW MILL ~ CARRIAGES. . Patentee: Charles Elvidge, Oakland, Cali- fornia, U.S.A., 21st October, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—1st. An offsetting mechanism for saw mill carriages consisting of a cam or segment F mounted on the carriage, and power transmit- ting connections E, e, a, from said cam or seg- ment to effect the offset and return of the carriage at the beginning of the gigging and feeding movements respectively, etc. A car load of redwood has been shipped from Cali- fornia to Germany for making lead pencils. Red cedar is giving out in Europe and redwood from the east slope of the Sierras is said to be the only wood with sufficiently straight grain to be suitable for pencils. WEEKLY FDITION | UMBERMAN The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages} si.oo rer vear {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. \Coegal & TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER 25, 1895 No. 51. (CANADA [,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY Cc. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. ' Branch Office: New York Lire InsuRANCE BUILDING, MonTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber produccs at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. 4 Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPEGTION BOOK 2=ema Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the “Canada Lumberman.” oe Toronto, Canada C. H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 ‘THE above is afac simile of the * fitle page of the latest and most complete Lumber and Inspection - Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a —gopy on receipt of four 3 Gent Ga- ‘fadian postage stamps ° © ° » _ ADDRESS : Fe THE (JANADA [_UMBERMAN, < Toronto, Canada as WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of ts cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. fl ( MBER LIMITS — WHITE PINE— FOUR small berths for sale, in the township of Gibson, on the Georgian Bay. THE MUSKOKA MILL & LUMBER CO., Toronro. WANTED. PORTABLE SAW MILL NOT LONG IN use, in good condition, and perfect running order. State lowest cash price delivered at Gurdon Creek on Cc. P.R. S. S. RITCHIE, Haileybury, Ont. WANTED. ROWN ASH, BIRCH, BASS, GREY AND soft elm. Will contract for large or moderate quantities for cash. Dunsar & Cape, 18 Broadway, New York City. WANTED. EDAR RAILROAD CROSS TIES HEWN two sides to 6 inches in thickness by 7 inches to 14 inches width of face, 8 feet long. Dunpar & Care, 18 Broadway, New York City. SECOND HAND STEAM FEEDS OR SALE CHEAP. TWO DIRECT ACTION Prescott feeds 34 to 48 feet long. One oscilating twin engine steam feed, cylinders 8 x 12 complete. WATEROUS, Brantford, Ont. MAOHINERY FOR SALE, IRON TOOLS. ATHES, DRILL, PLANER, KEY SEATING machine. Write us particulars, size of machines required. We have good tools that we are selling cheap, replacing them with heavier and more modern machines. WATEROUS ENGINE WORKS CO.‘ LTD., Brantford, Ont. ATTENTION LUMBERMEN ! HE PARTIES HERE SIGNED BELOW will buy any quantity and any and all grades of lumber, and pay half cash and and halt real estate, im- proved or vacant Detroit property. We have $150,000 worth of Detroit property and we are stocking a new lumber yard. Apply to SHatrock & Davis, Room 3, Cleland Block, 29 and 31 State St., Detroit, Mich. FOR SALE—CHEAP. 1 0 WILLBUYACOMPLETESAW MILL $ 0 —direct action. Will cut from 8,000 to r0,- ooofeet of lumber in xo hours. A stock of logs has been provided for next season This mill is three miles from Hepworth Station. There is plenty of timber available for future operations. Possession immediate- ly. For particulars, apply to F. DEUTCHMAUN, Box 16, Teeswater, Ont. SHIPPING MATTERS. Ship Island is chartered from St. John to Liverpool, with sawn timber, hewn, at 27s. Barkentine Primrose has loaded 300,000 tt. of lumber at Meteghan and St. John for Buenos Ayres. Sch. Wild Rose, from St. John for Yarmouth with sleepers, is aahore at Tiverton, and will probably be a total wreck. The Algoma, from St. John, which arrived at Newport Dec. 6th, lost 50 standards of deals, deck cargo, on her way across. The St. Petersburg, Quebec to Cardiff, also lost some of her deck load. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO, DULLNESS is the most marked feature of the lumber trade this week, the holiday season not being favorable for business in that line. There 1s absolutely nothing doing, nor will there be till after the new year. The weather is also against busi- ness. The roads are bad, and where lum- ber has to be drawn in waggons to the point of shipment it cannot be done at present with economy. We hear of some small lots to go forward, the shipment of which has been delayed from this cause. Operations in the woods are being te- tarded too by the mild weather. The war cloud is a fruitful subject of conver- sation among business men everywhere. A war between Great Britain and the United States would be disasterous to our tumber trade, which depends somuch upon the latter country for its market. The universal hope is that we may be spared such a disaster. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. The possibility of war, remote though it may be, is having an effect at present in deterring capitalists in the United States from cperating im Quebec and New Brunswick. The possibility of a duty on lumber being re-imposed 1s also having its effect, though not in a marked degree so far as this season’s operations are con- cerned. A feeling is growing in favour of an export duty on spruce, for every cord of pulp wood, costing $5, which we ex- port, is converted into $15 or $20 worth of pulp, and this into $40 worth of paper. If this could be madein the country so much the better. There have been great improvements made in the mills this sea- son, and next year more lumber will be produced and at a cheaper rate. Prices are stiffening. Spruce deals which a few months ago were selling at $9 in St. John are now worth $10.50. Shingles are now very firm, rainy weather having caused a large demand for renewing leaky roofs, Freights by schooner from St. John to New York are up to $2.75 and to other ports in proportion, an advance of 50 cents. Ocean freights are also higher, three recent charters by steamship to British ports being 45s. 42s 6d and 47s 6d. The general feeling (the war scare aside) is hopeful. BRITISH COLUMBIA. Business is still quiet in view of the coming into force of the combination on Ist January. There are five British Col- umbia mills in the combine. After the new year a great impetus to the trade is -expected, not so much in the way of in- creased output as in more profitable busi- ness. The Prince Victoria has just com- pleted a cargo of 800,000 feet for Callao. There are 8 vessels now loading at B. C. ports for foreign. Prices are unchanged. UNITED STATES. December has been an unusually dull month. Lumbermen are closing up their accounts for the year, and making plans for 1896. The unpleasantness with Great Britain makes the future uncertain to a degree, and for a time dealers will not know what is wise for them to do. Should peace prevail there is no reason to doubt that a period of prosperity is ahead, as long it 1s to be hoped as the depression through which the country has been pass- ing. The trade on the west coast is down to a cargo trade, no shipments of any ex- tent being made east by rail. The white pine men of the Upper Mississippi are having their usual quiet after the clos- ing ofthe mills. At the head of the lakes and in Michigan the piles on the docks prove that more lumber was sawed than could be sold, and it lies there awaiting future shipment. The yellow pine men of the south are well organized, and have resolved to curtail the cut and insist on fair prices for what they sell. In the eastern spruce market there is a little more doing, and prices are firm at $14.50. At other points trade is about the usual for this season, which is expressed by the word quiet. FOREIGN. Till after the holidays no business of any consequence can be expected in the British market. Anything thatis being done is with reference to next season, and it is rather early for matters to have as- sumed definite shape. Notes for Baltic stocks for next year are, in some cases, in agents hands, but prices are not yet defin- itely decided upon. White Sea agents are soliciting offers. At the last auction sale prices were a little lower, but the goods sold were mostly remnant lots. Canadian pine, both square and waney, is in fair re- quest, and present stocks promise to be inadequate to meet the winter’s demand. Oak and elm are also very firm, the former is scarce. Confidence is increas- ing, and improved conditions give a cheer- ful aspect to the close of a somewhat che- quered year in the trade. There are only four cargoes from New Brunswick and two from the St. Lawrence reported afloat for United Kingdom ports. Cheering news comes from Australia. The de- mand for Pacific coast fir is increasing. Six ships were discharging at the same a still. TT: time at Sydney, and all they carried was wanted and would go into consumption at once. After a long period of depression things have taken a decided turn for the better, and building operations promise to be brisk. From the Argentine Re- public also comes a promise of increased demand. STOCKS AND PRICES. Tenders are asked for the right to cut timber on berth 713, Dominion lands, Province of Assiniboia. The lumber camps about Thessalon, Ont., are all running full blast, with large gangs of men, and the winter’s cut 1s pro- gressing rapidly. The saw mill at Linwood, Ont., is be- ing put in order for winter sawing. Mr. Fish has secured the services of Mr. Chas. Hawke, of Listowel, to run it. - The property of the Stewart Lumber Company, at Bathurst, N. B., has been purchased by the Sumner Company, of Moncton, and operations will begin in the spring. The sum paid was $10,000. Messrs. Stevens & Godard and E. P. Eastman are operating quite largely this season on Pollet River, N.S. Alex. Geld- art and others will ship birch. The Messrs. Graves are getting a large quantity of birch in New Ireland, which they will ship to St. John next spring. Mr. T. G. McMullen’s new band saw. mill at Ellerhouse Station, N. B., has been ‘tested and works very satisfactorily, It is operated by water power, a little Giant wheel of 200 horse power being used. It will employ more men and turn out more lumber than the old one. An Alma, N. B., letter says the lumber- men have all gone into the woods. Point Wolfe River will put in about 5,000,000 feet, F. O. Talbot about 4,000,000, and on the Salmon River, Albert E. Smy about 400,000 feet of logs and 3,000 railway ties. and 100 cords of hardwood by Albert Luther. Australian advices state that present stocks of Pacific coast lumber are ill-sort- ed and insufficient for requirements. Half of the cargo of the bark Nonantrim, which arrived at Melbourne from Port Blakeley on Oct. 2nd, was sold prior to her arrival at £7 to £7 Ios per 1,000 feet super. At the same time about 200,000 feet of old stock was placed privately at £6 los ex-store. The Midway, B.C., saw millis shut down, although there isa great demand for lumber. This is in consequence of the boom breaking last spring and letting the logs float down the river. What few were left, together with the small stock of 4 lumber on hand, are now exhausted, and . building operations have come to a stand- The. nearest point at which lumber can be procured is at Grand Forks, 30 miles away, or at Okanagan Falls, some 60 miles distant. Mr. John Wells, of ths lumbering firm with which John Charlton, M.P., is con- nected, says that lumbermen in the sec- tion tributary to the head of Lake Huron are not satisfied with the turn the weather has taken. It hinders large logging oper ations. Two weeks ago there was just enough snow andthe ground was frozen hard enough to make the conditions favor- able in the woods. Should mild weather prevail between now and February it will rs a ~ ee — CIT CrMBeRiteN WHEeEey ‘EDITION. be expensive to the logging contractors, as they will be obliged to keep a large force of workmen waiting for colder wea- ther. The only work which can be done now is felling trees. The firm has 75 men at work and about 45,000 logs on the skids. BUFFALO, If the reports of the unusual firmness of the English lumber market continue, there is likely to be considerable indiffer- ence in Canadian lumber circles over the condition of the market on this side, and as to the proposed new tariff of from $1 to $2 on all imported lumber, it will merely catch the Americans who are in control of stumpage in Canada. - It is to be hoped that there is a good effect felt in Canada over the prospect of a steady demand from abroad, for there is considerable lack of such a feeling here, though there has been some selling both to South America and South Africa within the past week or two. At home, thedemand is slack enough. It is noth- ing out of the way, however, for this month to develop a slow trade, for the last lake cargoes are coming in, and there is a disposition to unload them slowly and make most of the chance given for a care- ful grading of everything as it comes from the boat. After everything is in the yard there is another delay for the annual inventory, and dealers rather welcome than other- wise the orders that come in now for de- livery next month. There is rather more than the usual amount of good pine in the last receipts, and dealers are inclined to hold it firmer than they have their sum- mer stocks, for what goes now cannot be replaced tillspring. Cheap grades cannot be very firm in the nature of the case. There is too much _ indifferent lumber left in the lurch at the mill docks that was to have been sold last summer. What that will bring next spring it is hard to say, but no one looks for it to sell for what was asked for it when it was sawed out. Buffalo will have the average amount of pine in stock this winter, and Tona- wanda will have more than for a long time. There is no appearance of a short- age in any high grades yet, and it may be that the experience of last winter is not going to be repeated. It isa long time since the grades were in such bad shape. There is a large lot of lumber well filled with Canadian sand on sale here. Pfohl & Son have bought and shipped here by rail more than 100,000 feet that went ashore at Sarnia from a tow bound here, and 40,000 feet came off the schooner Hattie Wells, and went ashore above Port Colborne. The shipments here of basswood, birch and cther hardwoods from Georgian Bay continued unusually late this fall and the amount was comparatively large, though it has been sometime since so little pine has come in from there. Fred. M. Sul- livan has been bringing quite large quanti- ties of mostly elm from the Georgian Bay district by rail, and finds a ready supply of it. Scatcherd & Son have not sent their Canadian man back there since he was withdrawn some months ago, but may do so later. There is a rather uneven market for hardwood at present. There is no differ- ence of opinion as to the demand every- where for oak, both red and white, but other hardwoods are not very steady, and there is no very uniform price. With this condition of things there is not the gen- erally good feeling in hardwoods that has prevailed for some time. Stocks are some- what broken as regards single yards, but there is plenty of most sorts here some- where. If the reports of wide variation in price are correct there should be some speedy undeistanding arrived at, so that this market can stand up as a whole, and not be at work at cross purposes. The latest report of the Holmes situa- tion is that the planing mill that was bought in the name of George Rung, will soon be running by Rung Brothers and Jutius Dietz, of the Holmes firm, the co- operative idea having been laid aside, and that the lumber yard and lumber, which was bought by Nelson Holland for $100,- 800, will be used by Holland, Graves & Montgomery for a town yard. The casket works is doing very little, but the maple flooring plant is being run by the preferred creditors of the firm at full capacity. The demand for southern woods is again quiet. The mills that are working large amounts of cypress and some pop- lar are well stocked, and the receipts of southern pine are not large, though the prices are without change. _ Donogh & Oliver leased a part of their dock at Black Rock to T. N. Willcox for his late receipts of Michigan pine and hardwood. He has two or three large cargoes there, one that will not be un- loaded till well into the winter, as his Louisiana street yard is full of available stock. There is complaint of the low price that builders are willing to take work at in or- der to keep from lying idle. Early im the spring there was an army of builders from Canada, most of them with very little money, ready to take this work almost at any price, but the mill men would not carry them to any great extent, and not much is heard of them now, but the home builders seem to have gone into the same style of business, and are taking houses to build at prices that will hardly cover the actual cost. The Goodyears appear to be the only hemlock dealers that are able to report business at all brisk. It moved very late in the fall and ought to have opened the way for the use of an unusual amount of pine. CANADIAN WOODS IN ENGLAND. In Farnworth & Jardine’s Liverpool circular of st Dec. we find the following relating to Canadian woods : The import has consisted of one steamer cargo, the bulk of which will probably go direct intoconsumption. For waney there is a fair enquiry, and prices are firm. Square is difficult to move even at low rates, the stock of both is moderate. Red pine has not been imported ; there is no change in value to report, and the stock is light. Oak.—The import has been ample, still 1st class wood is in fair re- quest and maintains its value; the stock is sufficient. Elm has been imported moderately; there is a good demand and prices are firmer. Ash has come forward too freely ; the deliveries have been good, but the stock is too heavy. Pine deals have moved off fairly well, and values have slightly advanced, the stock is ample. Collingwood. AS. - NEW BRUNSWICK AND NOVA ‘Ls SPRUCE AND PINE DEALS. ~ Of sprucethe import has again moderate, viz., 8,159 standards, agains| 830 iatiaraa in the corresponding last year, and 8,430standardsinthe previow U year. Thedeliveries, although less than lz year, have kept pace with the arrivals, a ing astill further slight advance. deals there-are no sales to report. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND OREGON PINE. There have been no arrivals ; is little improvement in the de to record and no change in valu stock is too heavy. WOODSTOCK NOTES. The Woodstock Lumber Co. our representative that business | off to great extent this fall. ‘Bill in good demand. No.1 cullss No. I cull stocks $12, No. 1 $18. Bill lumber, pine $15.~ good business in shingles, and b andle a lot of British Columbia cedar shingles. XX pine and cedar shingles sell at 4 xxx $2.40. Prospects for spi look pre 4 new market sheds, the oo Stone ing, and the large addition to the son Furniture Co.’s buildings. cut low and the margins are sm boards sell at $14, general pine t at $15, hemlock at $10.50, xxx # cedar shingles, at $2.40; XX British Columbia cedar at $2.60 at $2. They do a large rough | business and dress very little. wholesale trade extends from H London. Branch offices at_ Stratford report trade good. — his time-and energy to his lumbering at Midland, has sold his hardware sae The valuable mills and tees Point Wolfe, N. B., owned by Ge han has, been sold to Chas. T. W River for, it is said, in the vicinity | The Wood flour and saw mills Falls, Ont., have, it is rumoure: been for a term of years to Mr. Wm. — New Boyne, and Mr. Fred Crat Falls. The former is a wealthy cheese man, the latter has for years | foreman in the mills. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atle way are as follows: Ottawa to Toronto, 10 ¢ x00 Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M fe., ( and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); 1 Montreal, $1.75 per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and und ft.); Ottawa to Quebec, $2.25 per M ft; to Quebec, $2.75 per M ft.; Ottawa to Buffalo, per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Port Huron and Detale per 100 lbs. Ottawa to New York, 15 cents ack livery 17 cents per 100 Ibs lightered ; Arnprior to d York 17 cents track delivery 19 cents lighte Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, | 15 cents ; exports 13c. per 100 lbs.; Arnprior to Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; exp ort cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cen zoo Ibs.; Ottawa to Albany, 1o cents per 10 * > * - “4 Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Hawkesbury. Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points Railways, the rate is 143%4c. per roo lbs. Regulations from same points. Lumser freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Penetang, apply as to minimum size of carload_ of 30,000 lbs., and Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Of any Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. FOR SALE = intended change due notice will be given lumbermen. bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. _ ee General instructions in shipping by Grand Tiunk are and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; Brace, Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific RY HEMLOCK, ROCK AND SOFT ELM embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: Onlum- bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor- have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to ’ slabs for sale at 75 cents per cord on cars. No ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. per car, Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%4c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- | Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are edgings. < unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A.., of the J. E. Murruy, Hepworth Station, Ont, case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 lbs.) Powassen and Callender to Toronto, 9c.; Nipissing G.T.R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto - will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it Junction and North Bay, toc. Rate from Goderich, hardwood men: IN 7] aE I I Ss be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c. Theserates “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- : z 7 lumber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, then the actual are per 100 Ibs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification Having Brown Ash ra, rq and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, — weight only will be charged for, but not less than 24,- are 7\4c. per 100 lbs.; to Deseronto, 9c.; to Brockville will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other x coo lbs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not be and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and Ottawa,11c. The lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7¥4c. per toc Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- ae “= higher from an intermediate point on the straight run rates on hardwoods average about from ic. to2c.perzoo Ibs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to dressing = Ss q than from the first named point beyond, tothesamedes- ‘Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rateson railway Torontoand Hamilton. This rate, however, will not H. D. WIGGIN, ae AS tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or Hep- ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other apply from main line points and the straight run be- No 89 State St., Boston, Mass. a worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, would valuable woods, application must be made tothe district tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras Inspection at mill. 3 ie y >D ms CANADIAN EXPORTERS #2” WHOLESALERS et a » se : ROBBRT THOMSON & CO. WHOLESALE Ley SS fy HARDWOOD has ....MANUFACTURERS OF.... 5 3 ———_———__ PINE and HARDWOOD LUMBER Nw) — ce a Specialty } LUMBER —& an — TIMBER aa Bae | Bae c 3 OFFICE: ® : . pone oe ae 20 Aberde 2 a SS S TORON &G@ F. ’ London Canadian Chambers, 103 Bay Street, TORONTO. : oe E eS a DONOGH & OLIVER ©°°00 JSTAS. PLA YFAILTR & Com < Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers Wholesale Dealers i ) j LUMBER : LATH 4 SHINGLES s } olesale Dealers 1n um 6r dh Ng 6S oy ——————) : By 9 and Contractors for Railway Supplies “ TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. BILL TIMBER a Specialty .. - a > MIDLAN BS ONT. > ba : e © Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd Geo. Cormack . ® ? ° Wholesale Dealer in e j — NTSVILLE. NP : i preapeatl Rr ove paoana teniock anges. tan | O~—Garerens—| LUMBER, LATH SHINGLES > are open to cu ite Pine an emiloc 1 un. ave : "i LUMBER W for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also ‘e ee cul tp oraer. j ; ————————— 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 134 in. wide. wae pal cr a parts @ S LATH axo SHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles forsale. | WHITBY, ONTARIO = ee een ———————LK ee ¥ | THE PEMBROKE LUMBER GO. +7. he Georgian Bay Lumber GO. esse a a 6 ° OF aE ca MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN SSS SSS ; 4, DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP Ll IMB PR ° AN D e LATH y DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. SS eS Write us for Quotations on all Bills PEMBROKE, ONT. | Mills at Waubaushene and Port Severn ) W AUBAUSHENE, ONT. — 20 aur 1 ] ] can be any length up to 50 SS eee Red Pine Dimension LOGS, feet to suit purchaser, and Ottawa would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at Spanish River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Rayside, C. P. R. Will have five to six million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on limit at Ganada welt la lion Spanish River. And have about five million feet at mouth French River ® a encore rt QTE — which could be delivered at opening of navigation . .... - ; ' eo WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, ETC. ] J j —_ BOOTH & GORDON sudbury, Ont. Wrrite for Stock List 7 -DRIED BIRGH FLOORING SHEETING ‘90.00 ~OG— SAMPLES BY MAIL KNIGHT BROS. = rand << GEILING - a Burk’s Falls, Ont. 4 D ni) FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x” IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : :: : © Ott aW d x New York Lumber Line © I I I j j ‘« 1%, 1%, 2, 1%, 3, Ain, White Ash > - + » BONDED LINE BETWEEN - - - =, 11%, 41% 22% 3 in Solt Bim GCHNADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBAKY 7 Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity , LWAY. Serie 15 Lumber District, ALBANY N.Y. of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Cae Tan CL ‘AL CO. J. H -William s{ NEW YORK OFFICE, 93 wall Street. Empire Lumber Co. = Buffalo, N. Y. | WH1AMs’ Line. Agent TeleC BONS 280 Pe : ALWAYS IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH GRADE LUMBER. “ Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to. St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Tbs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 2214 cents per 100 Ibs.. Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 Ibs. and rates quoted above are in cents per roo lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the mi imum carload charged is to M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 lbs. to the M feet. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. III, not be higher than the specific rates named from Wiar- ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill and Southampton to points east of Listowel and south and west of Stratford will be the same as from Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to be charged than as per mileage table published on page 9 of tariff. Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, toc.; Al- goma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, 13c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erié and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the C, P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7¥%c. L.G. MULLER TOL, AEs e| FINE, and MAPLE FLOORING, N.C. PINE, 0 o e HARDWZOOD | YoOuNG & KEELER COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALERS AND MANUFACTURERS Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple 54 South Street, NEW YORK. — 10538 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N.Y. . - Oo — o 0 o o CYPRESS REDWOOD. Lumber and Logs tor Export LUMBER No. | BROADWAY - NBW YORK. ooo POOLE & HOTCHKISS ©°>° “ = Wholesale Dealers in PINE «xo HARDWOOD LUMBER Shingles and Lath . 270 West Genesee St. BUFFALO, N. Y. Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. =i- SCATCHERD & SON Ven ———— ROCK HIM @ COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.——*.e.e HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 to2in..$26 00 $28 00 | Cherry x ‘1% 5000 6000 oe « " 2% to 4.. 30 00 32 00 Ef 2 ‘*4.. 6000 65 00 Ash, black, 1sts and Elm, soft x to 14%$14 00 $15 00 ands, 1to 1% in.... 21 00 23 00 Gey be 2 3.. 15 00 16 00 Ash, black, ists and © rock 1 ‘* 1% 16 00 1800 ands,2to4in...... By GO! 25000)|s oe mig fag 20: G0! |221'00 “sh, M.R.,2 ** 314 18 00 2000] Hickory 1% “‘ 2.. 28 00 3000 i .. 2000 24 00| Maple rt ‘** 3% 1600 18 00 Birch, 2 ‘ 1% 22 00 24 00 fe Cg 18 00 20 00 es ‘© 4.. 24 00 2600] Oak,red,p'nzr ‘‘ 1% 28 00 3000 oF rs. 4x4 ‘‘ 8x824 00 26 00 ee eee 4-. 30 00 3200 Basswood a . 14% 1600 1800| “whiter “ 1% 2800 3000 14 ‘‘ 2.. 19 00 20 00 pe ee 2, vA. 3 SOLOO Mm 35100) i. r. x y 14% 14 00 16 00 “quart'd 1 ‘2.. 48 00 5200 Butternut 1 144 23 00 25 00| Walnut t ‘*3.. 85 00 100 00 a nf 2 vs 3-. 25 00 ip Whitewood r ‘‘2.. 3200 3600 . estnut 1 3-- 24 00 2 600 OTTAWA, ONT. Ortrawa, Dec. 25, 1895. “c “ce ‘« sidings strips “shorts ae Nae = AT Be TH =) “ ~~ 25 Per ~~ Ae CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION QUEBEC, QUE. QuEBEC, Dec. 25, 1895. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. cts. Fo. inferior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., ce a3 ce “cr In shipping order Re « as ss HE AGL. Wd Waney board, 18 to x9 inch Se a ns Oy 360 ga Waney board, 19 to 21 inch i Me fe He 3845 RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality.......----+.++-+ i4 22 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “ Be Free cas ais ni een 22 30 OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . .. + +40 49 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 tosofeet. .30 32 « ‘ 30 to 35 feet . 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . .22 30 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . ° . .2I 23 TAMARAC. Squas:e, according to sizeand quality. . . . . + +++ +%7 19 Flatted, ge oe CO en vas rs) ze STAVES. Merchantable Pipe, according to qual. and sp’cfct’n—ndminal . $330 $350 W. O. Puncheon, Merchantable, according to quality. . . . 90 100 DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $115 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for and, and $40 to $43 for 3rd quality. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 $43 for 1st, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $2x for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau. SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., Dec. 25, 1895. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, 1 in., 10 in. and up Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $38 00 RCL ee in etna nrstonnrerecre $45 oc 14%, 1% and2in........... 40 00 14%, 1% and 2 in 45 00| 2% and 3im...........-++- 45 00 2% and 3in......... Maen Geille “i isanadsacgeeraucoot cat. 50 00 Tite G mod Sanam enone oa sane 55 70 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 24% and 3in., Sin. and up wide 40 oo 14%, 1% and 2in........ «.. BE ROO! [APU epee mrad nip al teen teary toate 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO. I CUTTING. tin., 7in. and up wide...... 25 00 | 24% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 35 co 14%, 14%and2in..........-. Eph elelltZwisindeinapcniae apuogac an Je - 38 oo STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 1X in., 4,5 and 7 in. wide... 34 oo | 1in., 4,5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 (iviek eon nou noorroane menor 96 05)| Gilt. WIG, ij cece ysis mnie 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. r% in., 4,5, © in. wide...,.. go oo | 1 4n., 6 in, wide......-...--- 30 00 Tin.; 4,5 im, wide. <0... -i 28 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. tUin., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 GO| I in., 4, 5, Gin. wide ......-- 23 00 NO. 1 FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. TAT yy) AUG 7, Ad = aero el 17 00 | rin., 4,5 and 7im........... I7 00 HULA y ONAL is pe» ie =o em aoe eet 18 00 | PIN. GOIN... ede. cere eee ees 18 00 NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. TlMin tip SEIN yee 5 Senne 14 00/14 in., gto Mev-sss.eeseee 14 00 hipete, (esa one paerene mado 14 50| No. 3 fencing, t in., 6in..... 13 00 SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in., ro in. stocks.... 25 oo | No.2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 rin, roin. and up wide... 26 00 Ele 5) FOs SOCKS re ete tees 21 00 Tin., 12 in. stocks......... 29 00 T IDs, .22)ins StOCKS. sivieiem oe 23 00 1 in., to in. and up wide... 23 00 z in., 12 in. and up wide. .: 30 00 cin., 13 in. and up wide... 25 00 rin. 1% and 2in., 8in. and up Wide ........+0-22--5 29 00 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS. IN On eke 2500 elite arene eee BOOO! |) NGeez4) Oidleya w olareis lei eetaiela eaters PX OME cyalevel aaa dol eysiciel an ee us Ge Hard Maple, ‘‘ oe Hy Ape el tes. i ‘« Basswood, 9 ra weve ceh2 ©0 # a Birch, oh Hee ieee “14 00 ALBANY, N.Y. . Avsany, N. Y., Dec. 25, 1895. PINE. Uppers, 3 in. up..-.- ..... $50 $52 | Dressing boards, narrow....$19 $21 QUAN. ae aan ewer eee 50 52] West India shipping boards. 16 17 Ito2in........ .2345 48 | Box boards... 2. tse 12 14 4 inch uppers...... . 50 52 zc-in. dressing and better... 26 30 Selects, 2% in. up.......... 40 42 | xo-in. common ..-...2s..sen 74 15 ino t0 einen ere elope ice 36 40 | 12-in. dressing and better... 26 32 Fine common, 2% in. and up 38 40 | Common, 1x12 ....-. ....+- 14 16 tole Mires ee epricor a. oF 34 38 | No. z barn, rxp@l sn. ee 29 Ne. 1 cut, 1 to 2inch....... 25 35 IXLO coon y= ap SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO ST. JOHN, N. B. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN (Weekly and Monthly Editions) One Dollar per year Gharcoal Iron Ghilied RAILROAD WHEELS OFFICES: NEW YORK LIFE INSURANGE BUILDING, MONTREAL Works: LACHINE, QUEBEC We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re. quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. CORRESPONDENGE SOLICITED , Tue Rovat Evectric Company — Western Office: TORONTO, ONT. Electrical Machinery * Apparatus LIGHT and POWER 66 a3 NIAGARA” INJECTOR PRICE LIST SIZE . Suction Gals. per hr. Number. Price. "| and Feed. Steam. os ane Horse Power. MONTREAL, QUE. Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.”’ 7h ec Oe $ 6 00 y% % 60 2to 10 4 Commenter: 6 75 y% y 120 Io to 20 MANUFACTURERS OF ww he ata ae 8 40 Y yy 220 15 to 30 orreritatatn tes ats 9 36 % % 300 20to 40 hy vis Selatkpeeee I2 00 I % 420 30 to 50 POU ee vanietets 13 50 I 4% 540 4oto 80 Bees «acacia 20 00 1Y% I goo 70 to 120 cia Mer papead er: 30 00 1% t% 1,740 150 to 225 SEND FOR CATALOGUE L NG raaeisee ys and Dealer in Plumbers’ W. H. STIR I . and Steamfitters’ Supplies . . LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHT AND POWLR ALSO FOR ELECTRIC PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water ipowers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. quR ERS OF Hawt OF ae Cireular Mill & Gang Shingle putting _ Concave. oor Cross-cut Billet Webs. We: Ogowa, Ont WRITE FOR WOT. Raph, Spy LL Touts OTTAWA SAW WORKS CoO. Sea a ONT. IMOERTRUEK WOES ee SSS The Montréal bar Wheel 00. .. MANUFACTURERS OF .. { ee a a a es ee ee ae ae i 7a es ee a > ay / ib ue eee NR, “f* Siiua* ees TORONTO, ONT., FEBRUARY, 1896 | Sane Cogie, a8 Cent INSUSE. 3 ¥ Bisht Leading Governments High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woollen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill AND ALL MACHINERY BEARINGS Pema NOLIA METAL CO. man” i a ee 74 Cordlandt St., NEW YORK ee 74 Cortlandt St. NEW YORK rT > WAIVE. AUTOMATIC MORSE” VALVE MACHINE The. INJECTOR. 4 “The Morse” —_ is the only machine in the market that ee will reface Steam Valves in position. Should be in every Lumber Mill | JET PUMPS. . | DENBER THY WATER GAGES 85 OOO ees na i y) used it, and de- =) ARE AS eae eh soe clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. Sch Fatoy ENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. WINDSOR, ONT. DETROIT, MICH. —_ ~ ~- Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHERS SOLE MANUFACTURERS. . ‘« Reliance Works,’? - MONTREAL. | c.,C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons hn CANADA acs " ; ah: Le Goodhue X 60. DUNDAS - ONTARIO. MANUFACTURERS OF Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING ee write us for prices. Have several we wil AND LACE LEATHER CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. Lb N\=bogra vBKes Dine: WTVEVEVVVssUstes er : Silver Solder For Repairing BAND SAWS. Price $1.00 per ounce, in xo ounce lots. P. W. ELLIS & CO., ; ¢ 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. MANUFACTURING JEWELERS. | dispose of at a bargain. \ BURN “ATENT HANDS?” THE CANADA LUMBER AS FEBRUARY, 1896 THE NEW PRESGOTT a 7 IGac = ghast Sa vw Mx —————— — | Y gl a % =SN Se / SX SS SSS SSS Se bet PEEP RERo.. _ = l MNT Lal ae iit il qu wer SSS] THE WM. HAMILTON MEG. CO. LTD. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. 3 Branch Office: Vancouver, B. Cc. “If every dealer were compelled to me see ee TH# CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumE XVII. NuMBER 2. TORONTO, ONT., FEBRUARY, 1896 4 TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR i A PLEA FOR ECONOMY. By “‘ Hermit.” I.—WASTE OF MATERIAL. I HAVE been much interested in articles upon forestry, woodworking and kindred economics in late numbers of THE LUMBERMAN. I seem to see a gradual evolution from the wasteful square timber business, waney or board timber, saw logs, box factory, shingle mill, match factory and pulp mill, to the latest uses of sawdust at Deseronto. Progressing further, I would call attention to remaining wastes, and sources of profit, in hope of seeing still greater improvements. Even if Mowat does not go, the consumer must, and the heterogeneous contents be all util- ized. Asa first suggestion, might not a lime kiln or brick yard be at- tached to each saw mill, and its con- tents sold to builders at the same time ? There is too much hurry in lum- bering operations to realize the best results. From to 1/10 more wood can be cut out of each tree in the woods and sawlog in the mill by using judgment and ‘‘ making haste slowly.” Enough to pay the time and secure a better class of log- cutters, as well as increase the aggregate wealth of the country, might thus be saved. Then, too, if slabs, edgings and trimmings were ground to pulp, saturated with fire and water proof chemicals, and pressed into roofing and sheeting, a great industry would spring up in Canada, and also economize much lumber now used for that purpose. Hemlock might be milled more extensively to save the pine were it not for a mill man’s prejudice against it. Cedar as cut and culled at present is another source of waste. buy all the cut of a swamp, instead of some one line of poles, posts or ties, and culling that to death, it would be better for the seller, buyer and the country at large. But unless the farmers com- bine, and have their own culler, or the govern- ‘ment authorize a public culler and rules for cut- ting and selling, I suppose the present waste will continue till cedar will be in the same category with walnut and cherry—worth any money, but ‘can’t be had.” The bark, with the best and most lasting fibre we have, is not only a dead loss, but a perpetual nuisance—it will neither rot, float or bury in the mud. Properly dressed it ought to be the best and most beautiful floor covering in the world. Then our vast burnt lands, or brule, could be used to save the older timber, by trimming the valuable shoots, pulping the inferior brush, and replanting the bare spots. The marsh hay, silk- weed and other ‘‘ annuals” would yield a coarse, but very tough fibre, which could be used in a thousand ways. In short, Canada will never realize the wealth of our back country till she has mills on our splendid water powers, utilizing the surplus growth of our forests, the waste of log cutting, and the power now running idle save to carry the logs to foreign mills and fac- tories, at a fearful waste. To recognize our loss CANADA’S BOOK-KEEPER TAKING STOCK. DOES IT PAY? and to acknowledge our duty is a necessary: pre- lude to retrieving the one and performing the other. II.—WASTE OF. POWER. The sawmill of to-day is a giant compared with the upright saws of the older time—a giant that devours alike the money of its builders, the fingers, and often bodies of its attendant slaves, the logs it ‘‘ tears” into commercial form, and frequently the town reared in its shadow. It bolts a fearful premium to get insured, and makes a yawning cavern in the company’s profits when it “combusts.” Such mills are crushing the life out of the business, developing monopolies, and a = er <., oe Le 5 ~~ eT <_<. eer tT, - Single Copies, ro Cents. degrading the workmen. How many intelligent owners of local mills are now ruined, or have become employees of the capitalists, who crush every little man who comes within reach? How many men of family, who 20 years ago had steady employment in a local mill, are now toil- ing at lower wages, far from their families, and liable to be sacked at an hour’s notice, to pay their way home at a time when local employment is impossible? But more of this anon! I am now dissecting the monster to discover the source and possible cure of its voracity. Concentration overdone is destructicn—in govern- ment, in mechanics, in study—in anything. It means one master with one interest, and many slaves, whose interests are all absorbed into his. Now, I assert that a number of small mills, at the timber, cutting both logs and lumber to best ad- vantage, seasoning and even plan- ing it before hauling and shipping, will produce better lumber, train more intelligent operatives, and evolve more labor-saving inventions than the present cyclopean system. ‘‘But portable mills are a failure!” exclaim 1000 practical lumbermen. Well, so were velocipedes for at least 150 years. Steam carriages were also failures for 40 years after the first run from Glasgow to Edinburgh. The reaping machine was a failure in Britain till its true value was proven in Illinois. Friar Bacon’s speaking head was doubt- less the father of the phonograph and telephone. The locomotive grew in power till its 80 tons with a speed of 70 miles per hour became a menace to humanity—when presto! every lane, turnpike, country road, and even the river and ocean wave sparkle with tourists, each on a locomotive propelled and controlled by his own will, free from the bond- age, dust and roar of the railway train. A locomotive of 80 tons with cars weighing 12 to 16 tons each may have to start or stop for one man, and may crush the life out of a hundred in a few seconds. A mill with 300 h. p. and 100 men may have to stop to replace a nut or tighten a bolt. A blade weigh- ing 5 lbs. will cut off a board from a log by applying it properly, as well as all that machinery can. How to apply it properly and profitably, will be the next advance in mill improvement. A circular or even a gang need several times as much energy to cut off a board as the old whip saw did. Then what power is needed to carry the log twice its own length for every cut taken by the saw! The power which lifts the whip or 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FEBRUARY, 1896 mulay saw is returned on the downward cut, but the energy which tears the circular through, against the grain of the log, seems to me lost forever. the sawdust more easily than the present ar- A saw cutting upwards would remove rangement of circulars ; but a single blade or a gang with light but rigid frame, applied along the side of a log on a solid platform, seems to be the simplest form of sawing. A band saw placed in a horizontal frame and moved along the top of the log, is another possibility worthy of con- sideration. An electric motor attached directly to the cutting tool, with slack conducting wires, offers many advantages, but it would have to be fed from a waterfall or adjacent steam engine. I merely suggest the problem for some practical mechanic to solve, and hope yet to see the solu- tion successful. | II1I.—WASTE OF MEN. I have lightly touched upon the fact that the present mode of lumbering does not tend to raise the status of the workmen or attract intelligent men to choose the employment. The day when a pushing young man might aspire to a license and run a business of his own, may be regarded as gone by. The great majority look no further than to have ‘‘a good time” in the nearest hotel as often as they have a month’s ‘‘time” free from the van or tailor’s claim. Not one in ten young men save anything at camp, drive or mill; they only wear out their constitutions by hardship and dissipation alternately, break down early in life and become ‘‘ hangers-on,” wherever they have compassionate friends. The establishment of licensed cullers by the Ontario Department of Crown Lands opens one avenue to advancement for young men of some education, and is eagerly sought after. A further advance, in the line of fire inspectors, might, I hope, be tried with a fair prospect of success. At present they are nomi- nated by the owner of the berth, and almost in- variably are employees of the firm who live at the camp, are fed from the stores left in his care, and are not paid by the department till Novem- ber. They go on duty about 15th May and are dismissed Sept. 15th in ordinary seasons—their wages being paid by the forestry branch of the Crown Lands Department and half charged to the holder of the license. Now, what I would respectfully suggest is, that young men be encouraged to study the elements of forestry, at Guelph or elsewhere, and those hold- ing certificates of qualification to be appointed to charge of berths not under license, or recommend- ed to lumbermen not operating at present for ap- pointment. The attention of intelligent young men would thus be attracted to the new country, their reports would lead to immigration from their former homes to the new territory, and they would be better able to make suggestions to Government or license holders on the capabilities of the berth than most of the present occupants. They might also act as game wardens in their respective berths during the balance of the year, and thus become the first permanent residents and valuable guides for future settlers. They might map out pulp and cedar lands, lay out roads, re-plant burnt spots, oversee trappers to have them trap in a rotation of 3 or 4 years, and otherwise advance the interests of the province in the new districts. This may be going too fast for some persons, but I believe would receive the hearty approbation of those who best understand the condition of this northland. But they would require to be paid monthly, and placed in close touch with the present timber agents, many of whose duties they might perform as well as to keep the department fully. posted in everything pertaining to their charge. The position should be kept strictly non-political, or more properly, non-pattizan. The more thoroughly this is done the better for all—government, the inspectors, the settlers and the country at large. By this means let us link the new country, timber trade, mining, and all other interests, with the energy and in- telligence of the older settled districts. CORRESPONDENCE Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades. To secure insertion all communications must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for publication. The publisher will not hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. NEW MARKETS REQUIRED FOR CANADIAN HARDWOODS. GuysBoRoUGH, 7th Jan., 1896. To the Editor of the CanaDA LUMBERMAN. Sir,—I was pleased to see the letter from YG dened be Schell in the January number of the CANADA LUMBERMAN, he being an old business acquaintance of mine about twenty years ago. I think he is quite right in his opinion that we should look for some other market besides the United States for hardwood lumber. I have been a saw-mill man since the year 1850, and my principal market has been the U.S. for the best of my product—in fact, for more than half of the whole product— although I have sold considerable to our own manufac- turers and lumber dealers. My pine is about done and I am now depending princi- pally on hardwood. I think the U. S. market is getting worse every year. I have a small stock of hardwood lumber on hand which I have fairly sold, or bargained to sell, at three different times to U. S. dealers, getting nothing down. Twice the parties have fairly backed down and I have not heard from the third since the war scare. I have thought for years that Great Britain would be our best market, but could not advise the best way to reach it. Yours truly, S. K. GARNHAM. P. S.—I think if a party is needed to send to Great Britain, it would be well to consider the appointment of Mr. J: T. Schell. . To the Editor of the CanADA LUMBERMAN. Sir,—I read with interest in your January number the letter of Mr. J. T. Schell on the above subject. I believe that there are large quantities of maple, birch, elm, basswood, white and black ash, and oak used in England. The bulk of these woods are supplied by United States dealers, many of them acting as middlemen between the Canadian manufacturer and the English con- sumer. Ifthe Hon. Commissioner of Crown Lands could be induced to send commissioners to England to obtain for the hardwood trade of Canada the information in- dicated. by Mr. Schell, it would undoubtedly be a good thing, but I fear the honorable gentleman will be slow to act, if at all. I would suggest that the trade, or a few of them, put their heads together and send a man to Europe themselves. No manufacturer who pays anything for his timber can make any money out of hardwood at the prices that have been current for the past 15 years. Take for instance rock elm plank suitable for bicycle rims, and clear white maple. The price now obtainable from whole- salers for these two varieties is $18 per M. You pay an average of $5 for your timber. Cost of manufacture and interest on capital, say $2.25 per M. It will take 5,000 ft. log measure at least to obtain 1,000 ft. of such quality as is wanted. This makes an outlay of $36.25 to obtain 1,000 ft., for which you receive $18, leaving a lot of coarse stock on hand to represent $18.25. ; Where can the manufacturer dispose of this coarse stock, particularly the rock elm? Is it good value for $18.25? Are we selling the high grade too cheap, or are we paying too much ($5 per M) for our logs? I say we are selling the high grade hardwood too cheap. The pine manufacturer, when he selects his clear pine, is always able to sell his lower grades at a profit over cost of timber and manufacture, and yet what dealer would have the hardihood to offer $18 per M for clear pine? Mr. Schell truly remarks that there are few, if any, among the hardwood manufacturers of Canada, who are financially able to send a representative to Europe in the interests of the trade. In unity there is strength. Provi- dence will help those who will help themselves. I would suggest, and would unite with a number of hardwood manufacturers, in sending a representative to Europe. All our hardwood mills are of small capacity, ‘when com- pared with some pine mills, and it would take the output of a lot of our mills to supply a very small portion of the demand in England. We must obtain higher prices for our better grades of hardwood than are now obtainable, or else cease to manufacture. Time will not permit me to further discuss this subject at present, but may trouble you again at a later date. J. E. MurpHy, Hepworth Station. To the Editor of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. Srr,—lIn your last issue I notice a remark that refers to my proposition that the Ontario Government might consider it advisable to take some action in the direc- -tion of assisting in the development of the hardwood trade. The remark referred to, while not explicit, leads me to infer that the Ontario Government would be doing what should be done by the Federal authorities under the De- partment of Trade and Commerce. The Federal authorities may also claim that the hard- wood trade being so largely from Ontario, they would not be justified in spending general funds for such a pur- pose, without embracing all the wood products of all the provinces of confederation. Excuses are easily made, and quite as valuable as poor slabs in a country mill yard. True, the province derives a revenue, direct and sub- stantial, from expenditures on its pine forests, for the benefit of the province. From expenditures on mines, colonization roads, railways and other matters, the benefits do not appear to me to be so general nor direct, _ but few would object to the outlay on account of the public service of such outlay. My idea in proposing the possibility of the Ontario Government assisting in the development, is that it would be a public service, if of any benefit at all. If the expect- ed benefit would be realized, the advantages would be more general than though the object sought—viz., in= creased markets and better prices—would be accomplish- ed by one or more private individuals, as the information in the first instance would be public and general, while in the latter it would be private and for the special advantage of a few. = I submit the matter, as first suggested, as one of pos- sible interest to a large section of Ontario's citizens, and if submitted to the Government of Ontario as such, the Government, as custodians for the people, in the interests of the people, or a large section of them, may see it to the advantage of Ontario and in the public interest, to look into the matter without reference to the Department of Trade and Commerce at Ottawa. Personal!y I have moved in the matter and hope t profit thereby, but so far my information and any advan- tage which may accrue therefrom, I shall consider to be “« private and for the special advantage of very few.” Beech is a useful wood in England, but how much is converted yearly into other than second-class cordwood, you could probably tell. Soft elm, basswood, ash, birch and maple are of much more value in England and the continental markets than many of the farmers of Ontario are aware of. The introduction of some of these woods into English markets is of recent date and known to but few dealers in Canada, but it may not always be so. While the United States absorbs nearly all of our stocks at present, I do not think it necessary nor advisable that such should always be the only outlet, practically, for our hardwood. - J. T. SCBELL. Alexandria, Ont. PERSONAL. The death occurred on the 30th of December last, of . the wife of Mr. E. D. Davidson, of the well known lumber- ing firm of E. D. Davidson & Son, Bridgewater, N.S. Mr. John McLennan, lumber dealer, of Bay City, Mich., is dead. Deceased was a native of London, Ont., and was engaged in the lumber business in Canada before he went-to Bay City in 1869. Mr. Robert Dollar, well known in Canada, is the Pacific coast manager of the Usal Redwood Co., whose mills are in Mendocino Co., California. The company is composed mainly of capitalists of Grand Rapids, Mich. Mr. John Burstall, the prominent lumber merchant of Quebec, is going to England to reside. Before leaving — pee he was entertained at a complimentary dinner by about seventy prominent citizens. Mr. R. R. Dobell, another well known timber merchant, and President of the Board of Trade, presided. —The Sault Ste. Marie Pulp and Paper Company, of Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., made its first shipment of ground wood pulp on the znd of December last. Mes FEBRUARY, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN : SCHULTZ BROS.’ WORKS, BRANTFORD, ONT. Among the foremost contractors and planing mill operators in Canada, the firm of The Schultz Bros. Co. (Ltd)., of Brantford, Ont., may justly be placed. The senior members of the firm, the Schultz Bros. proper, were left orphans at an early age, but with a strong determination they ScHuLtz Bros.’ MILL, BRANTFORD, ONT. set to work doing odd jobs which came their way, saving their money, until now they are the leading contractors in Brantford, and rank high among those of the Dominion. Their large three-storey building on Brant ave. is in the shape of an L—one portion being 132’ x 35, and the other 132’x 60’. The mill yard is quite large, on which are erected dressed lumber sheds with a capacity of 10 cars, and a stable. On West street, near the G.T.R. depot, is their wholesale lumber yard, covering two acres of ground. Mr. Wm. Schultz is in charge of this department. As this is one of the largest planing mills in Western Ontario, a brief description will prove interesting. On the ground floor all the planing, sawing, and heavy moulding is done. A tool room, where all the drilling, setting and sharp- ening is done, is on this floor. In this tool room is kept an extra set of knives, etc., for each machine, so that when a knife is being sharpened the machine need not be idle. A two-storey dry kiln with a capacity of 20,000 feet is on this floor, as is also the box making department, which turns out 100,000 boxes per annum. In an annex at the angle of the L is situated the engine and boiler room. A 100 h.p. Goldie & McCulloch boiler supplies steam to a 75 h.p. Wheelock engine, receiving its hot water from an Austin heater. Steam and plunger pumps are used. The engine has been running for nine years without a cent of cost for repairs. The machinery on the ground floor comprises four planers, three stickers, a re-saw, Six rip Saws, a printing machine for box department, a turning lathe, a sand-paperer, a suction fan, a blower for the dry kiln, with the hot blast system with Stur- tevant kiln. On the first floor is done all the light moulding. The sash and door department is also on this floor. Their veneer doors are shipped to differ- ent parts of the country. Mr. Jas. G. Allan, the mechanical superintendent, has his offices on this floor. The machinery on the floor is made up of two rip saws, two cross saws, a band saw, a jig saw, two stickers, a jointer, a tenoning machine, two sand paperers, two boring machines, an emery wheel, a panel raiser, a shaper, a mortise machine, a blind slat tenoning cramping machine, a dowell machine, and a band saw setter and sharpener. On the second and last floor is the mantel and hardwood fin- ishing depart- This is also ment. floor used for stor- age and show- room purpos- es. They turn out some handsome mantels, their carver being an artist of some ability. The firm man- the ‘Daisy’ wash- ufacture er, which has been placed in over 20,000 ‘ homes. The officers of the firm are as follows: Presi- dent, George Schultz; Vice-President, Wm. Schultz ; Sec’y.-Treas, John F. Schultz ; Mech- Jas. G. Allan. They anical Superintendent, dealers in Brantford, and their trade extends over a wide section. Owing to a rapidly increas- ing trade, they are about to enlarge their yards. The past year has been a very successful one to them, and the spring opens with a bright outlook. NOVEL SYSTEM OF FLOATING LOGS. The Remingtons, of Watertown, N.Y., who own a big saw mill and thousands of acres of spruce timber in the vicinity of Benson Mines, have a novel way of floating their logs and lum- Their sawmill is located on the hills three miles back into the country from the railroad, which is in a valley ber from the mill to the railroad. below. Carting was expensive. The Reming- tons therefore constructed a trestle three miles long, and upon that placed two troughs, one for pulp logs and one for lumber. The troughs are: For pulp wood, 24 inches at the top and ro to the bottom, having a depth of 20 inches ; for lumber 12x12¥%. At the sawmill is a six inch centrifugal pump, and when the logs are ready for shipment they are placed in the trough, the pump started running, the troughs filled and the logs float- ed to the railroad, where there is a yard having | 1,500 feet of track. the trestle and The lumber runs out on The capacity of these carriers is 60 cords per hour is loaded into the cars. of pulp wood, and 200,000 feet of lumber per day. Last spring the companies had a pile of pulp wood 1,000 feet long, 26 feet high and 4o THE FIRM OF SCHULTZ BROs., BRANTFORD, ONT. recently built the Expositor and I.0.0.F. build- ings in Brantford, and among one of their large jobs was the making of the bicycle track at Mohawk park. They are the chief wholesale feet wide, all of which has been carried by this scheme. A company is being formed to erect a pulp mill at Richibucto, N. B, 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMA MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LiFe INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LUMBERMAN Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the 1st day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance....... $1.00 One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... .50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tur Canapa LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the ouly re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate report nct only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr: * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. ‘Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to “WaNTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous post- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce: ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to.them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete, ET OUR. TARIFF RELATIONS WITH THE UNITED STATES. One of the subjects in which Canadian lumber- men are at present most interested is the bill now before the American Senate, under which it is proposed to impose an import duty of 60 cents per thousand feet on lumber. The reason given for this step is that the Government of the United States are compelled to raise a large The Bill is intro- duced as a temporary measure, and is supposed amount of additional revenue. to be operative only until 1898. It is not certain that the Bill will become law, as it has yet to pass the Senate and receive the signature of the President. that the measure It is the opinion will not reach the statute book, but will either be thrown out by the Senate, or the President will refuse his As our readers know, the Cleveland administration was elected on a policy of freerer of some signature. trade, and there is a possibility that the President may, on this account, refuse his signature to a measure which has the appearance of reverting No doubt the Re- publicans, who have been gaining strength of late, to the protective doctrine. are desirous of making the path of the present administration as difficult as possible, and know- ing this, President Cleveland may refuse to place himself in the position of apparently being forced to adopt, in some measure, the policy of his opponents. Or, he may get over the difficulty by taking advantage of the rule under which a measure becomes law if the President neglects to either approve or veto it within ten days after it has passed the Senate. : Germany, The Government appears to be greatly in need of more revenue, and their only means of securing this would seem to be by an increase of duty in some directions. We should sup- pose, however, that there are many classes of imports on which the duty might be increased, without disturbing the provisions of the recently enacted Wilson Bill relating to the importation of lumber. In many quarters the opinion is strongly expressed that in the event of this measure be- coming law in the United States, the Canadian Government should not hesitate to at once im- pose an export duty on timber of all kinds, and thereby prevent the present annual exportation of about 200,000,000 feet of pine timber, by Michigan holders of Canadian limits, as well as large quantities of spruce timber which are being taken across the border to supply the pulp mills of the United States. The cartoon which we publish this month expresses the situation as it presents itself to the minds of many Canadian lumbermen. After having carefully considered the whole question we are of the opinion that it would be unwise on the part of the Dominion Government to adopt retaliatory measures at the present time. The Bill now before the United States Govern- ment is, as we have stated, ostensibly a temporary one, and the proposed duty of 60 cents per thousand feet will not be sufficiently burdensome to interfere, to a large extent, with our American trade; therefore our wisest course would seem to be to take no action provided the duty shall not be increased beyond 60 cents per thousand feet; but if it should be increased above this amount either before 1898, or after, it should be incumbent on our Government to take action. Meanwhile, as we have pointed out elsewhere, Canadian lumbermen should be on the lookout for means of extending their trade in other mar- kets than those of the United States. EXTENSION OF OUR FOREIGN TRADE. WE have pleasure in directing the attention of our readers to the correspondence appearing in the LuMBERMAN for January, and in the current number, from well-known hardwood lumber manufacturers in Ontario, urging that a united effort be openings exist in the European market for Canadian hardwood lumber. made to learn what It is evident from the tone of this correspondence, that our hardwood manu- facturers and dealers have become thoroughly dissatisfied with the condition of the American market, and are tired of doing business on the margins at present obtainable. We are pleased to see this awakening on the part of a section of Canadian lumber manu- facturers, and trust that it will result in some- thing more than a mere expression of opin- ions. We would suggest that those who have taken part in this correspondence, and those who endorse the opinions which have been expressed, should endeavor to meet and discuss the question in all its phases, and decide, if possible, on what lines an effort should be made to develop foreign trade. We hope to be able to publish shortly some information regarding the possibilities of trade with France under the new French Treaty. There is ground for the hope that in France and as well as in England, a market Ww FEBRUARY, 1896 might be found for some varieties of Canadian hardwoods. The first thing to be done, as suggested by Mr. Schell, is to obtain definite information as to the possibilities of trade with these countries. After having learned what varieties of wood there is a demand for, and the purposes for which- it is required, our manufacturers would be in a position to make an intelligent effort to extend their trade in this direction. ; We have little hope that either the Dominion or Provincial Government can be prevailed on to — take sufficient interest in the matter, to send a Commissioner to Europe for the purpose of learning the conditions of trade existing there. Even should they be induced, after consider- able urging, to take such action, we fear the results would be reached too slowly to suit the purpose of the trade. If anything is to be done in this direction, it seems to us that it must be done by those most interested in the matter, the hardwood manufacturers and dealers them- selves. The action of the hardwood section should, we think, be followed by other sections of the trade also. We cannot disguise from our- selves that, while the United States afford the best and most convenient market for Canadian lumber, the constant uncertainty, due to con- tinual dickering with the American Tariff, ren- ders trade with the States very unsatisfac- tory, there is no guarantee that the possibility of trade may not suddenly be entirely destroyed by a prohibitive duty. There is in addition the fact that great annoyance and loss are frequently sustained by reason of the lack of a uniform system of inspection. Complaints on this score continue to reach us from month to month. It seems to us that in view of the uncertainty of our business relations with the United States, manufacturers of lumber and timber products of all kinds in Canada should pursue a policy which would render them, as far as possible, independent of the American market. The present seems to be the proper time for Canadian lumbermen to meet together for consideration of matters affec- There is strength in unity, and it is a matter of regret that ‘our lumbermen have not associated themselves together for the advancement of their interests. An Association of Lumber Manufacturers was organized in On- tario some time ago, but has held no meetings and ting their interests. for some time past, and appears to exist in name only; indeed the name itself has well-nigh been forgotten. This would be a good time to revive the organization. ; The question of finding a market for our lum- ber, other than that of the United States, is forcing itself on our attention, and doubtless must be met, if not now, in the near future. Would it not be wise to face the situation at once, and adopt means for the extension of our foreign trade? Tur CANADA LuMBERMAN Vest Pocket Inspec- tion Book has been selling like hot cakes, as the result of the advertisement appearing in our Weekly Edition. The orders for the book which have come to us from all parts of the Dominion and from abroad as the result of this advertise- ment, is the strongest possible evidence that THE LuMBERMAN is carefully read, and is a first-class advertising medium. Tue dealers in yellow pine in the Southern States are certainly hustlers. Their business is to sell lumber, and they take every precaution to supply the demand. I recently heard of the arrival of a car from that section of the country containing twenty-seven different lots of Without advocating the expediency of dealers making shipments in this manner, the effort put forth to meet competition and supply the wants of the trade is worthy of notice. Our mill men on this side of the line might well lumber. emulate this painstaking effort to get and hold trade. ry * k - I HAavE heard numerous opinions expressed regarding the effect which the probable change in the United States lumber tariff would have upon Canadian trade. known lumbermen as Mr. F. W. Avery, of the firm of Buell, Hurdman & Co., and Mr. J. R. Booth, of Ottawa, will.no doubt be read with interest. ‘‘If the bill passes,” says Mr. Booth, “and I believe it will, for the United States must increase their revenue, the lumber trade in this country will be seriously affected. of tariff always injure our trade to a great extent. The views of such well- These changes The new tariff will affect our coarse lumber trade the most.” Mr. Avery does not take so pessi- mistic a view of the matter. ‘‘ The new tariff would,” he says, ‘‘ be no steeper than that of the McKinley bill. If the lumber trade is dull the Canadian trade would suffer with a high Ameri- can tariff in force; but if trade is good it will be the American buyer who will lose.” * * + Havine heard that the firm of Robert Thomp- son & Co. were about to close their Toronto office, and prompted perhaps by curiosity, I dropped in at their office a fortnight ago. There I learned from Mr. Meaney that it was the inten- tion of Mr. Robert Thompson to concentrate the firm’s interests, and with that end in view the Toronto office had been closed. pleased to be informed that the firm of Thomas Meaney & Co. had been established, and had secured the offices formerly occupied by Robert Thompson & Co. had already been made, and the manager was on I was much Some purchases of lumber the eve of a visit to mills in the Georgian Bay district. The head of the new firm, Mr. Meaney, needs no introduction to the trade, having man- aged the Toronto office of Robert Thompson & Co., for a number of years. He is possessed of that geniality characteristic of lumbermen, and a visitor to his office is always assured of a cordial reception. I predict for the new firm a marked degree of success. During our conversation the CanapA LUMBERMAN came in for a few words of commendation, Mr. Meaney remarking that the cartoon in the last number had ‘‘struck the bull’s-eye.” * * & ‘¢ Tyat article in your last issue was correct, and I hope you will keep right at it,” was the THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ; remark with which I was greeted a fortnight ago as I entered the office of a well-known wholesale The speaker referred to d lumberman in Toronto, the article on ‘‘Sharp Practice by Buyers.’ Continuing, he said that his firm had always found the United States markets unsatisfactory, particularly those of New York and Boston, owing to the difficulty of obtaining proper inspec- tion. The policy of some dealers across the line was to realize all they possibly could out of a cargo of lumber, regardless of the interests of More than one instance was related of shipments either the shipper or the trade in general. being refused altogether or graded so low that the shipper by accepting the inspection would lose money on the transaction. In the event of the refusal or low grading of the lumber, it was conjectured that the shipper would reduce the price as an inducement to the purchaser to take the lumber off his hands. This, however, did not work out satisfactorily in all cases, from the standpoint of the would-be purchaser. My informant had, on several occasions, at a sacri- fice of time, found it to his advantage to make an examination of the stock himself, in the pres- ence of the purchaser and the inspector who graded the lumber, both of whom were compelled to admit that it was exactly as repre- sented and fully up to the desired inspection. I admitted that I had heard such complaints before, and queried why such unfair methods of business were allowed to exist. New York the inspectors were appointed by and receive their certificates of efficiency from the New England Lumbermen’s Association. The number of such inspectors has of late increased It was explained that in more rapidly than the requirements of the market demand, and they find it impossible to obtain sufficient This condition has resulted in some of the inspectors entering the employment. employ of lumber concerns, while nominally con- tinuing the business of inspectors. It can readily be understood that inspectors thus circumstanced would not be in a position to give an unbiased opinion of lumber supplied to the company upon whom they are dependent for their bread and butter. by a Government official, which would seem to But even Govern- In Boston the inspectors are appointed be the most satisfactory way. ment officials, it is feared, are not always beyond the reach of influence, and should the inspectors not grade the lumber to the entire satisfaction of the consignee, this influence would be likely to make itself felt at election time. I give the above facts to the readers of this column as nearly as possible as they were pointed out to me. I learn that several of our Toronto dealers are adopting the more honorable method of doing business only with reputable firms with whose standing they are fully acquainted, having a distinct under- standing between shipper and buyer as to grading This is proving the The subject of a national of shipments. most satisfactory method. inspection is one which I may touch on at a later date ; suffice it to say that if such was in force at the present time in the United States, many of the difficulties met by Canadian shippers would be avoided. Tue fifth annual meeting of the Western Re- tail Lumbermen’s Association is announced to take place at Winnipeg, on Wednesday, 12th February, at 8 o’clock p.m. COMPLIMENTARY OF “THE LUMBERMAN.” WE have received the following appreciative remarks of the CANADA LUMBERMAN : S. Schryer, Ridgetown: ‘‘ Enclosed find one dollar for which please send me THE LUMBERMAN for another year. I like it very much.” Mr. Geo. Thomson, of Wingham, Ont.: ‘‘ Enclosed find renewal subscription for LUMBERMAN for 1896. I may say I take great interest in reading both the monthly and weekly editions. I can’t see how I could do without it. It is the first paper I read.” Mr. John Stanford, Chester: ‘Please find enclosed P.O. order for $1.12 for renewal subscription to the CANADA LUMBERMAN and a copy of the ‘‘The Lumberman Vest Pocket Inspection Book.” I am very much pleased with THE LUMBERMAN, and it always comes promptly to hand.” Messrs. J. W. Howry & Sons, Fenelon Falls, Ont. : ‘We are much pleased with your paper and feel that it has come to bea part of our office literature. It is not only bright and readable, but is very reliable, and we usually find that when we see it in the LUMBERMAN it is a fact.” Pembroke Lumber Co., Pembroke, Ont.: ‘‘ We are pleased with the appearance of the January number of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. gough cartoon is quite an improvement. In our opinion, the J. W. Ben- We would, however, like very well to see some more Ottawa valley news in the journal, it being the great lumber centre of our province.” Messrs. H. H. Spicer & Co., Vancouver, B. C.: “‘ We took particular notice of the new feature of the current month’s issue of the LUMBERMAN as an entirely new thing in lumber literature, and we certainly think you are im- proving your journal all the time, and that your enterprise is most commendable, and should have the hearty support of the lumber trade of Canada in all its branches.” Hon. J. K. Ward, Montreal : ‘‘Having been a subscriber to the CANADA LUMBERMAN for many years, I look forward to reading each number with a good deal of pleasure, not only for the interesting biographical sketches usually found in it, but for the amount of information on the sub- jects of machinery, markets, etc., that must be of great use to those who are actively engaged in lumbering. The present number, either from a mechanical or artistic point of view, is a credit to the publisher.” Mr. J. E. Murphy, Hepworth Station, Ont.: “I am very much pleased with the January number of THE LuMm- BERMAN. feature, and to my mind, hits the nail on the head in this The cartoon onthe front page is a pleasing particular instance. This additional feature indicates a desire on the part of the publisher of THE LUMBERMAN to make the paper a welcome visitor in the office of the trade. I wish you every success, and trust you will con- tinue to devote more space and time to the interests of the hardwood manufacturer.” Macpherson & Schell, Alexandria, Ont.: ‘ In renewing our subscription to THE LUMBERMAN, permit me to con- gratulate you upon the efficiency and progressiveness of your journal.” Asa Lumberman’s Journal, we have always noted that it is a paper for mill men as well as a medium for dealers. Your editorials, Eli column, correspondence and comments, cover in each issue a wide field of infor- mation on trade and kindred subjects, making your paper a medium of information as well as price lists. I may be permitted to observe that if your correspondent in Eng- land would look into the trade conditions there he might find a subject that would interest many of your readers, if he reported upon the extent and uses to which maple is put there, such as for cotton and woolen machinery, print rolls, etc., also on the stave and heading trade, broom handles of basswood and spruce, furniture piece stock and many lines of trade in cut up-stock, besides the regu- lar timber and lumber trade. For a mill man I consider your journal the best of its class I receive, and your new extension into the fields of illustrations and cartoons will add another pleasing feature to your already valuable and interesting paper.” Thos. Allen, a farmer residing on the shore of Chip- pewa Bay, succeeded a fortnight ago in raising from the river at that point, a stick of oak timber 37 feet in length, and squaring about 20 inches. During the war of 1812 a large raft of oak timber is said to have been sunk, to which this stick is supposed to belong. The story is told that the raft was being taken down the river from Clayton when the news of the trouble between England and the United States was received, and, fearing that it would fall into the hands of the British, the raft was sunk. THE LUMBER TRADE IN 1895. Review of Operations throughout the Dominion. GENERAL SURVEY. LATE in the season of 1894 the Wilson tariff bill passed the United States congress, by which lumber, among other commodities, was placed on the schedule of free imports entering that country. The tariff was viewed with favor by Canadian lumbermen, and the year 1895 was ushered in with bright anticipations of improved conditions. A retrospective glance over the past year proves that these expectations were only ‘partially realized. While the volume of trade done in 1895 was equal to or slightly in excess of that of the previous year, the margin of profit was smaller, and few dealers are to be found who succeeded in materially increasing their bank accounts. . During the first six months of the year trade was extremely limited, but operators were hopeful, and during the latter portion of the year they. experienced a much _bet- ter demand. Several causes may be mentioned as operating to retard the progress of the past year and to reduce the profits accruing to jumbermen. The benefit to be derived by Can- ada from free lumber was scarcely felt, owing to the prevailing financial and commercial condi- tions in the United States. These conditions re- stricted trade generally, and consequently limited the demand for lumber. The dispute with the United States authorities regarding the definition of dressed lumber, and which as our readers know, resulted in the imposition of a duty of 25 per cent. ad valorem on a large portion of that class of lumber, proved a heavy blow toa number of our planing mill men, many of whom formerly shipped largely to the United States. Another reason is to be found in the decline in demand from foreign markets. While trade with some foreign countries improved slightly, exports to South America were considerably less than was anticipated. The western provinces of the Dominion were, perhaps, the greatest sufferers during the past season, as, owing to the increased demand for spruce for pulp wood both at home and abroad, the maritime provinces succeeded in holding their own. The shipments from New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Quebec compare favorably with those of 1894. From the port of Montreal, as shown by the Harbor Master’s report, there were shipped to the United Kingdom and continental ports 168,672,028 feet board measure, and to River Plate 8,744,000 feet, making a total of 177,416,028 feet. This shows a decrease of 10,725,397 feet. During the year the situation in British Columbia and Manitoba improved slightly, and future prospects are good. From statistics received from mill men throughout the Dominion, we learn that the volume of trade done last year was about equal to that of 1894, but the amount of stocks on hand was too large for the demand. The stocks of lumber being car- ried over are heavier than those of the previous season. The greatest drug upon the market is shingles. The year 1896 opens with prospects of an im- provement in trade, notwithstanding the fact that the re-imposition of an import duty on lumber entering the United States is among the possi- bilities. With a hearty revival in trade the pro- posed duty of 60 cents would have but little bearing. To counteract the effect of this duty, should it become law, the opinion is held by many that an export duty on logs should be im- posed by the Dominion Government. Our views on this question are given elsewhere. Our lumbermen are gradually finding new fields for their product, one of which may be mentioned as Germany, and viewing the situation from all sides, we predict for 1896 a year of prosperity and satisfactory monetary returns. ONTARIO. In Ontario, perhaps, more than in any other province, trade. failed to show any decided improvement in 1895. The effect of free lumber was to increase the output of logs during the season of 1894-95. Much of the lumber manu- factured is, unfortunately, yet at the mills. The United States market, which is the greatest con- sumer of Canadian hardwoods, has been dull. Competition has also been keen from the Michi- gan and Minnesota mills. To dealers in white pine the year just closed has been unprofitable, sales of importance being comparatively few. In the Georgian Bay dis- trict the stocks being carried over are heavy, and some of the mill men have a large portion of last year’s cut still on their hands. One company in- form us that they are carrying over 7,000,000 ft. Very little work in the woods is being done. In the Ottawa district the past season has proved more satisfactory to operators. The output there has been increased by the operations of the St. An- thony Lumber Co. at Whitney. The firm of Gil- mour & Hughson closed operations earlier last fall than usual, consequently their cut will show a shortage. Many of the Ottawa lumbermen have closed contracts for their next season’s cut, which is an encouraging feature. _ The replies from mill men throughout Ontario ‘indicate that the cut of lumber for the past two years has been about equal, but fewer shingles have been manufactured. Profits were smaller in 1895 than in the previous year, notwithstand- ing the fact that lumber was allowed to enter the United States free of duty. The enquiry, ‘“Is trade with the United States increasing?” brought forth a negative reply from 65 per cent. of the mill men who responded to our solicita- tions. The same question regarding other coun- tries received a corresponding reply, only ina more pronounced tone. Over 80 per cent. are in favor of free trade in lumber with the United States. In nearly every case the question re- garding the volume of work in the woods this winter showed that the output of logs is likely to be greatly curtailed; at some points it is being reduced as much as 50 per cent. This will, eventually, prove beneficial to the trade. The season so far has been unsatisfactory for logging operations in Ontario, some operators having been obliged to withdraw their men from the woods. The total output of lumber from the various mills on the Ottawa valley last year is estimated at 627,000,000 feet, being nearly one million feet in excess of that of the previous year. The amount is made up as follows : Feet. J. R. Booth, Ottawa .......--++++> 100,000,000 Bronson & Weston, Ottawa......-- 75,000,000 W. Mason & Son, Ottawa.......+.- 15,000,000 Shepard & Morse, Ottawa.......+.- 25,000,000 Buell, Hurdman & Co., Hull........ 50,000,000 Gilmour & Hughson, Hull........-. 20,000,000 Carswell & Francis, Renfrew....... 10,000,000 Martin Russell, Renfrew.........-- 2,000,000 John Mackay, Renfrew.........--- 1,500,000 A. & P. White, Pembroke ........-- 5,000,000 Pembroke Lumber Co., Pembroke.. 15,000,000 R. W. Conroy, Aylmer ......:.---- 15,000,000 A. Lindsay, Aylmer....-.+-++ +--+: 3,000,000 J. R. & J. Gillies, Arnprior........-. 5,000,000 McLachlan Bros., Arnprior......+-. 55,000,000 W. C. Edwards, Rockland......... 45,000,000 Gillies Bros., Braeside........----- 30,000,000 R. H. Klock’s Mills. .......---06+65 3,000,000 St. Anthony Co., Whitney .......-- 20,000,000 Gilmour & Hughson, Ironsides..... 20,000,000 A. Hagar & Co., Plantagenet...... 5,000,000 Ottawa Lumber Co., Calumet...... 10,000,000 McLaren Estate......0+--e+e ee eees 15,000,000 Ross BroSis.cs00-+ «see eee ses eve 10,000,000 Canada Lumber Co., Carleton Place 20,000,000 Hawkesbury Lumber Co.........-- 57,000,000 Matalll, 275s" The following statement shows the declared exports from the consular district of Ottawa, Ont., to the United States, during the four quar- ters of the year ending Decembes 31, 1895. 627,000,000 Qrending Qrending Qr ending Qr ending ARTICLE. March 31. June 30. Sept. 30. Dec. 31. (Battie. suena ee eae $ 6,528.00 $ 4,215 00 Lath and Shingles..... 6,477-70 28,192.29 24,908.55 23,027.84 Logs and Timber...... : 159-95 1,587.26 1,717-25 Lumber ....-..--+++++ 351,751-30 585,114.47 625,746.15 597,903-64 “in bond for exp’t 3.535.69 17,232-95 35,341-07 _ 47,040.93 Match Blocks .......- 1,420 20 Pulp, Sulphite........ 17,570-57 18,239.39 14,478.94 19,309.10 -Pickets.... ssseseeee 3,690.73 3,400.72 6,254.64 Railroad Ties.......- 450.00 5,950.10 3,307-30 4,838.40 2 2 Cee iit og Se. Ri ain 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN a The opinion prevails in Ontario that an im- provement in trade will take place as spring ap- proaches. Dealers are finding new markets for the best grades of hardwood lumber, which will result in less dependence being placed on the American market, but {they must look to the United States, the nearest market, for the dis- posal of the greater portion of their coarse lum- ber. QUEBEC. The volume of business in the Province of Quebec during the past year has shown no im- provement, but there is every indication of more activity during 1896. Judging from present in- dications a larger quantity of lumber will be manufactured, provided there is sufficient snow — to permit of logging operations, from the lack of which, up to the present time, the trade has suffered. Should the American Government not impose an import duty on lumber, trade with the United States will no doubt greatly increase, and better prices are anticipated. South America is also affording a market for large quantities ot Quebec spruce and other lumber, which is realiz- ing a fair figure. The latest advices from Eng- land show a decided improvement ; prices have advanced and stocks are decreasing. On the opening of navigation the demand for all sorts ‘of lumber will advance considerably. -In view of these facts, the outlook for 1896 is considered — favorable. The following particulars of the operations during 1895, are furnished by J. Bell For- syth & Co.’s annual trade circular, which is recognized as a high authority on lumber mat-_ ters in that province : The general advance in value of all articles of produce and staple merchandise has at length af- fected wood goods in the markets of the United Kingdom, and the prospects are decidedly more hopeful in the United States. : A strike in connection with the shipbuilding trade of Belfast has unhappily spread to the Clyde, but now seems certain of early adjust- ment and settlement; and there is every pros- pect of a sufficiency of orders for the construction of steamers being shortly placed with the ship- builders of the United Kingdom to keep yards busy for a long time to come. ' The increased production of gold, ‘consequent on the development of mines in South Africa, British Columbia and elsewhere, has given an impetus to trade like that which followed similar discoveries in California and Australia, and will — certainly result in several years of good business prosperity. Wuite Pine.—The supply shows little change as compared with last year, the increase in waney pine being counterbalanced by the diminu- tion in the production of square wood. There is absolutely nothing wintering above Quebec—a most unusual position. The wintering stock is very bare of first-class waney of the smaller averages, and square pine suitable for deck plank purposes. Supply. Export. Stock. Square.. 273,771 1,090,892 Square 1895 AREY: 3,086,409 Bi 2 \ sagai7 Waney quare. . 38,24 1,656,993 Square 1894-{ Waney., eee S14 Gae eee Waney Rep Pine—Seems to be neglected, being un- able to compete in the markets of the United Kingdom with pitch pine from the Southern States. Fresh good wood is scarce. It is well to note that a marked advance has been estab- lished in the value of pitch pine on the other side of the Atlantic. ’ Supply. Ex port. Stock. UBG ae So enoe TOS-GOL«. i or 326,080, 4... 154,120 isto Arica 59,835----++ 146, L2Otise\-nae 282,084 Oax.—The supply has again been in excess of — the export, but there is an active demand in Great Britain, which, with somewhat reduced prices on this side, may improve the tone of the market. Supply. Export. Stock. ite) Ee 1,006; 039% orate 869,560....-- 790,486 DOOR isis win +s 1,276,869..." < 937:940.....- 699, 205 7 FEBRUARY, 1896 SS Oo Etm—Has been in good demand throughout the season. With active shipbuilding this will no doubt continue. Unless production is over- done, the market is promising. Supply. Export Stock. ESOS SE atercinte 0 BOOnT fitter: Icy ftioe 26, ac 218,871 PSO4s saeco: Sets} (Clue scarier 528,880...... 244,145 AsH.—The stock is quite ample for any present demand. Large wood may sell to a moderate extent if of fine quality and color. Supply. Export Stock. TES) jac eaycienc bu TAQsO7 7 «2 oe 146,360...... 118,127 LEG. GUE pane TO gsO2 Ome ce 134,920...--- 99,659 BircH—Throughout the season has sold slowly, having suffered from competition with cheap African mahogany. The prospects for this wood are now decidedly better, and unless too much is manufactured, birch should meet with a ready sale at fair prices. Supply. ’ Export. Stock. BOQ Ga aic es act 240,818...... 200,160...... 5156 TSA tr. «ahs 1g inhi Plow, te ea 189,920...... 13,242 Staves.—The business has left Quebec, being diverted into other channels. Pine Deats—Are now almost altogether pro- duced above Montreal, and largely shipped from that port, though the business remains to a very great extent in the hands of Quebec houses. The opening of new railroad connection between western points and this port, and possibly some readjustment of cargo freight, may later on bring back a portion of the business to Quebec, if mer- chants and ship laborers both work with that end in view. The cuttings for next season have been eagerly secured by shipping merchants at about last year’s prices, in expectation of an ad- vance in value. Supply. Export. Stock FOE) ates few, <== Bea OOR gon nc BOM ZOO. 0 cs 135,489 BUQM ata sss 647,408 Bree tes TG [oy (010 eo 63,624 Spruce Drars—Have been throughout the season disappointing and unprofitable, but a great advance has recently taken place in value at the chief centres of consumption. As yet there has been no marked change in prices here, but that must certainly follow. The removal of the United States duty of equal to about sixteen shillings and sixpence per Petersburg Standard Hundred, the alteration in the French duties, equivalent to five shillings for same, and the ex- tent to which spruce is now used for the great and growing industry of pulp manufacture, must shortly have a very marked effect on the value ot this wood. Supply. Export. Stock. Ho Cee Sees 3,878,142... .3)471,700. . . .736,216 MCs es) -eiai= 2's 31447856. - - -3,462,800. . . .5795774 In regard to the manufacture of pulp for paper and the many purposes for which it is now being adapted, it is generally admitted by those in the trade that spruce wood produces the best and strongest pulp, and the demand for paper manu- factured exclusively from pulp wood is now very great. It is not a new industry we admit, for wood for many years has been converted into pulp, but the demand of late has enormously in- creased, more so than any other branch of the timber or wood business. We hear of mills being built or enlarged wherever good spruce is to be found. A large mill such as the one at Grand’Mere, St. Maurice River, will turn out about ten carloads of pulp per day. Most of the output ot this extensive establishment is intended for paper mills in the United States. It looks, therefore, as if spruce is likely to be in the very near future a much more valuable wood than it has been in the past. Sawn LumBer.—South American Lumber.— The market this season has been very active in spruce, especially from the Saguenay and other Lower St. Lawrence ports, and from the Mari- time Provinces, the shipments having aggregated 18,000,000 feet more this year than last. Prices have ruled from $9.00 to $11.00 for rails and $13.50 for twelve-inch boards in the Maritime Provinces, and from $11.50 to $12.00 for rails and $13.50 to $14.00 for boards in the Province of Quebec. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 Shipments of white pine have considerably fallen off on account of the change in the United States customs tariff, which reduced duties on pitch pine from $10.50 to $5.25, which reduction militated very strongly against the use of white ine. E Prices range about the same as last year, say $17.50 for common shippers, $27.50 for good shippers, $37.50 for selected and $45.00 to $47.50 for clear. Freicuts—Have ruled without much change on last year’s figures, being the bottom rates at which vessels can be sailed: Clyde, 16 shillings ; Liverpool, 18 shillings, for timber cargoes by sail, with proportionate rates to other ports. By steam, 40 shillings for deals from Montreal to safe ports in United Kingdom, with 65 shillings for timber for Quebec, have been current rates. Liners from Montreal were obliged, during sum- mer, to take lower rates for deals to fill up, though the difference was by no means so marked as previous seasons, and rates closed firm at an advance. COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF SAILING VESSELS CLEARED AT THE PORT OF QUEBEC FOR SEA, LUMBER LADEN, 1880 TO 1895, FROM THE OPENING TO THE CLOSE OF NAVIGATION. (Compitep By Mr. F. JOHNSTON, Quebec EXCHANGE.) 1880.......- 634 Vessels.......- 5559451 Tons. WoO bravery ROWE joer ie, adapeteds, «fs 380,186 “*~ Titstev4q pet eds tho G AGE: os ricer B 359,025 “S itsteeegonnes AS Tmalenel a «stays sioe 416,169 ‘* Tits fey: Were Een G50 a eniGineta fie 291,398 “‘ iitsteySocee BOQ te 8S Matera. rai 294,789 “‘ TOSGs clears GA. UE an Abi cide 250,635 ‘* Lsteiio 5 Bip oices Defies ai eaoi As en 206,172“ * ifelslolie aanaoe Pilate Oo. es Bape oe 195,928 ‘* DSOQi etic Dis fe EGS Nereis Ore 240,892 “‘ ie Onna csi Piso: Oe ere e ne 239,102 1 BOOM eee ea: Ona eae mee tamet «.s T25 OG pen iy see apood es PY Nn ona ich a ces 225,008 ‘“S MOOGe own lee Gia ne? ega eeu 146,970 ‘“ ROO 4tre ree str MO Mee Me cris aaasles TGs OBO uae MOO yerers eieree SGI ie Sm n ME cerorscenc ext 70,960 ‘S OCEAN STEAMSHIPS. ROOQA rare ieeye 51 Steamers......-- 72,531 Tons. MOOS ters ara 58 BB a Sete robes $7,749) = STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITY AND VALUE OF Woop ExpoRTED FROM THE Ports OF MONTREAL, THREE RIVERS, BATISCAN AND SOREL, FROM May IST ’ yo NOVEMBER 30TH, 1895. PORTS. ARTICLES. QUANTITY. | VALUE. Montreal........--- Pine Deals ......... 69,730 Std. H...| $2,374,721 Spruce Deals ......- apse) 85,248 , hore ND GE Areca oes yyy ee 269,383 Planks,-Boards, &c..|11,970 M. ft. 311,717 Other Headings ....|.......00000 e+ 245,302 Square Timber ..... 7,820 Tons. 99,620 x (Total value....: __ $3,385,981 Three Rivers and ae ae ae Batiscan ....... Pine Dea's ......... 31,755 Std. H...| $ 127,516 Spruce Deals ....... 3,027 “ 87,194 Deal Ends... 0.2... 428‘ 7,170 Planks, Boards, &c..|30,813 M. ft. 293,639 Spruce Pulp-Wood..|.,........-+24+5 138,910 Total value.... $ 654.435 |e =) aS ROLE W asin: Aneerree x eettsy eatatara Rats 5 eoctes 35975 etd. Fla. $ 135,000 Planks, Boards, &c..| 2,814 “* 60,000 Total value..... $ 295,000 MARITIME PROVINCES. Trade in the maritime provinces has been helped to some extent by a free lumber tariff between the United States and Canada, and this fact, coupled with the increased demand at home and in Great Britain for spruce wood, enabled operators to hold their own during 1895. The early part of the year was quiet, but a brisk demand towards its close balanced matters up to a fair proportion. An advance in the European market came too late to be of much benefit, owing to the extra freight rates and fall insur-_ ance. A firmer feeling was evidenced at all ‘spruce producing points as this year was ushered in, and stocks are held at advanced prices. The following particulars, taken from the annual wood circular of Mr. J. B. Snowball, of Chatham, N. B., will show the prevailing con- ditions during 1895 : The winter, so far, has been the most unfav- ourable for logging for the past twenty years—a cold, wet, disagreeable fall followed an unusually dry summer; snow came without frost in the 7 ee ground, and low lands, which have been the stay of operations for the past few years, are not accessible, while late extensive thaws and the disappearance of snow, combine to make opera- tions more difficult and expensive than for many years. The export from Miramichi has been 82 millions superficial feet, against 96 millions in 1894, which is 5 millions below the average of the past twelve years ; that from St. John, 126 millions against 153 in 1894, or 19 millions less than the average of the past twelve years. The total shipment from the Province of New Bruns- wick for the year was 291 millions superficial feet, against 326 millions superficial feet in 1894 The reductions were from St. John, Miramichi, Richibucto and Sackville. The stock of merchantable spruce deals winter- ing here is 6,630 St. Petersburg standards, against 3,600 standards last year, and 7,600 standards in 1893, the average for the past 10 years being 8,580 St. Petersburg standards. South American business has slightly increased this year, and results were satisfactory. There are several orders already in the market for next season’s shipment, and this business will be largely increased as soon as our shippers under- stand it, and get over existing prejudices. The size of each cargo is from 350 to 450 standards, and the stock must be fairly weather-seasoned. The export to France increased in anticipation of the import duty being reduced in that country. The minimum tariff on Canadian products only came into force on the 14th October of this year, so that the trade on this side has not benefitted much by it, but a more extended business is looked for next season. Operators in the province of Nova Scotia, being exempt from crown land or stumpage tax, find more profit in their business than do the producers from the New Brunswick forests, and although the quality and specification of their exports are generally inferior to ours, still their stock finds a ready market at a price, and they, for years, had been forcing their production to its utmost limit. SHIPMENTS FROM MIRAMICHI FOR 12 YEARS, FROM 1884 TO 1895, INCLUSIVE. Sup Feet. Sup. Feet. Sup. Feet. 1884—108 millions. 1888— 73 millions. 1892—95 millions. 1885— 87 “ 1889—110 “ 1893—83 “‘ 1886— 72 “S 1890— 88 “ 2894—96 “* 1887— 68 “ 1891— 72 “ 1895—82 “‘ SHIPPERS FROM PorT OF MIRAMICHI, SEASON OF 1895. Sup. ft. Deals, No. Scantling, Ends Palings Shippers. Vessels. Tons. and Boards. Pes. J. B. Snowball........- 38 28,781 26,727,735 160,910 W. M. McKay.......-- 29 27,397 28,049,169 46,000 D. & J. Ritchie........ 21 12,920 12,343,805 89,300 Ernest Hutchison...... 8 6,602 5,342,490 F. E. Neale..«...-..--: 11 6,499 5,917,376 Geo. Burchill & Sons... 6 4,520 4,077,000 26,400 Clark, Skillings & Co... 3 EisS ANUOI aoe oese ooo oy Part. 8 Shippers.+.116 89,771 82,457,575 322,610 Laths—J. B. Snowball, 268,900. Spool wood—W. M. McKay, 653,146 sup. ft. ; Clark, Skillings & Co., 2;5775- 137 sup. ft. ; Jas. Aiton, 519,093 sup. ft. DISTRIBUTION OF MIRAMICHI SHIPMENTS. Sup. ft. Deals, ° Scantling, Ends Palings CounTrY. Vessels. Tons. and Boards. Pes. Great Britain........-- 55 475753 42,540,813 145,959 IRS eyetslenis oo Satoh ono 42 29,072 27,892,435 163,650 lichen eaone coo seaaoe 14 9,409 9,114,586 1,760 Spaint cee see 9) ere 2 1,334 1,078,379 11,250 JM egler vay Rome Or Comodo E e 2 1,299 1,126,616 INTIS ENE Se on oemaoeT I 904 704,746 6 116 89,771 82,457575 322,610 Spain, 268,900 laths ; Great Britain, 3,749,376 sup. ft. spool wood. St. Joun, N. B., SHIPMENTS OF Deats, &c., TO TRANS- ATLANTIC Ports, Drc. 1st, 1894, to DEC. 1st, 1895. No. of Sup. ft. Deals, Timber (Tons) Shippers. Vessels. Tons reg. &e. Pine Birch Alex. Gibson...... 501% 65,249 67,0475435 1544 W. M. McKay .... 50% 65,914 50,262,501 324 6368 George McKean... 9 10,005 6,640,461 @thens) . 0.2. os oe 7 8,058 2,499,310 462 PGES «ke csi 117 149,226 126,449,707 324 8374 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ~ ee is DISTRIBUTION OF ST. JOHN, N. B., SHIPMENTS, DEC. 1, 1894, TO DEC. 1, 1895. No. of Sup. ft. Deals, | Timber (Tons) &e. Pi Ports. Vessels. Tons reg. ine Birch Australia........ Tr at 1,039,139 Barrow os cialis I 2,466 255331308 BerStols . cs. iciuse 2 3,420 3,638,513 Fleetwood....... 5 6,780 7,330,290 Seetand =). <.6. see 45 38,707 38,946,843 9 Liverpool........ 26 44,622 42,843,556 324 7,588 Eontion :....2:.-. 19 24,794 3,287,833 462 New Port, Mow. 3 3,590 3520,904 Penarth R'ds, f.o. 4 6,125 59274,236 Sharpness. ...... 4 6,835 7,040,158 scotland <...° =. 4 7,198 8,018,353 127 Wralest. e320 ocr. 2 2,632 2,359,307 188 Whitehaven ..... I 546 617,187 Totals .... 117 149,226 126,449,707 324 8,374 Canary Islands.. 6 982 1,512,000 SHIPMENTS-FROM ST. JOHN TO TRANS-ATLANTIC PoRTS FOR THE PAST 16 YEARS. Total Timber (tons) Sup. ft, Deals, &c. Birch Pine Hersham poe. 215,485,000 16,035 2,441 rete UIs Beara 210,281,730 5,134 1,734 TSS2 525 sere 201,413,717 75576 3,332 thetek horn OREEE 181,517,932 11,778 3,883 iets) Sain omanie 164,829,825 14,006 3,836 “ets eeisia nm Oo 152,543,026 13,769 3,686 TOGO) see 138,934,392 74354 4,313 EBOT Bite mie aie 118,450,590 5,197 1,597 ESSSN Rio cccks «(5 153,184,187 4,721 457 ee Sn gcaade 180, 167,488 7,221 487 jilet ea es PAR 132,608,516 Beye 4,317 ISOl tio 122,242,682 5,004 bees eon a he 146,529,309 10,200 — Hee ea aoe 156,653,334 5,294 — The’ ee tie pom 153,473,076 5,015 ife)o Lenin ctor an 126,449,707 8,374 324 TOTAL TRANS-ATLANTIC SHIPMENTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK IN 1894 COMPARED WITH 1895. —1894— oO. Sup. ft. Deals, _ Tons Ports. Vessels. Tons. &ce. Timber. Miramichi............ 128 101,951 95,605,185 16 Sib |CLOE Spee non cane 150 171,789 153,473,076 5,015 PPEPALUIESE (elste soc aiaani= 12 9,947 8,829,000 43 Dalhousie, (including Campbellton)..... 39 24,444 20,451,756 203 Richibucto........... rig) 6,130 5936,920 SIGGIEVE oan nt oi aon 20 =10,331 9,806, 100 Sackville, (including Baie Verte)....... 23. 13,626 13,402,771 Outports of eee Moucéon Harvey 20 «619,081 18,675,813 Alma TRAINS. pike citer 405 357,299 326,180,621 5,277 —1895— No. Sup. ft. Deals, _ Tons Ports. Vessels. Tons. &e. Timber. Miramteli. 2-1. se 51-20 116 89,771 = 82,457,575 CiSaleitiks sppeseresee 117 149,226 126,449,707 8,698 Bath est ssi a¥ quis ote 12 8,987 8,817,000 20 Dalhousie, (including Campbellton)..... 42 30,264 25,568,030 164 Ruchtbucto os... set 9 4,561 4,420,210 Siete pes otpes 0 oenee 23. «+11,456 11,250,269 Sackville, (including Baie Verte)....... 19 9,009 9,083, 501 Hillsboro Opens of arey } 22 22,532 23,336,282 434 ma MGtals cy rs 360 325,806 291,382,574 9,316 The trans-Atlantic shipments from the Province of New Brunswick for the past ten years were: Sup. feet. Sup. feet. 1886—276 millions 1891—253 millions 1887—250 ‘‘ 1892—325 ‘‘ 1888—277 “* 1893—312 ‘f 1889—369 1894—326 ‘‘ 1890—293 “‘ 1895—291 ‘“‘ SHIPMENTS FROM NOVA SCOTIA, 1895. °. Sup. ft. Deals, Tons Port. Vessels. Tons. &e. Birch T’br’. Outports of Amherst 31 27,188 21,302,000 ERAN rte eters «23 50 35,517 29,353,192 158 Hubbard's Cove.... I 498 445,664 Ship Harbour....... 4 2,191 2,087,833 Sheet Harbour...... 2 1,526 1,457712 St. Margaret’s Bay.. 2 887 702,428 Parrsboro 22. sce. ac 37 45:274 42,701,549 PACtOUr sis cee estonia 8 6,170 3,683,000 2,370 Aiscombes seem. 6 4,672 4,293,181 Sherbrooke ...3-..- - I 350 297,834 Potals si.%i, 142 127,273 109,324,393 2,528 The shipment of deals from Nova Scotia to trans- Atlantic ports for the following years were : ihe fe OR a Panoae 87,280,125 Zhe) Ree 78,603,742 RT ins ated 82,959,589 TOI Zier eelesye > 87,861,398 GOB ists « 85,070,005 ESO Giese eunss 109,252,930 Rie eae 92,605,488 1894...%.... 106,327,250 PROD: ose coe 99,512,924 er Be Boca 109; 3245393 BRITISH COLUMBIA. The lumber trade of 1895 in British Columbia was of a satisfactory volume. The exports to foreign countries increased considerably, the largest shipments being made to South America and the United States. The shingle trade has shown little improvement, but dealers are look- ing forward to better conditions in 1896. Th: following figures will show the amount of ship- ments made to the different countries during the year : Feet. United {States\nc ir. otc perenne 1355973305 South América). Ac2).0 scien arenes 13,430,970 SouthAtrica een seve te eee erie neta 9,694,816 Austealia ss: oo. scene ee eee 5,874,958 Ching 27 224 cleat tein ie ee 4,699,068 lacy \tos ae ote oslo oada dhs com odine 2,541,222 EP eat onomebendn ota An sole nS cc con 838,515 MrelanG tps) sess aie cee eer eter 1,177,408 Biveland Aap sens eae eee eter 1,008,566 Halifax, INeSth 2. cluceeaptaatsi meee ensts 673,900 Japan.) a.s ns wiegisternaenene imac 169,086 Total Shipments............ 53,705,914 It will be observed from the total amount of shipments that a considerable trade was done. The largest shipments were made from Vancou- ver, from which port 44 vessels sailed. 15 sailed from New Westminster and 10 from Moodyville. No advance in prices has taken place, and the margin of profit has been small. The prospect for the lumbermen of British Columbia is good. An increased foreign trade is anticipated, and from China and Japan a large demand is probable as a result of improvements now being carried out in those countries. The lumber of the pro- vince is also to find a market along the borders of the Baltic sea—one of the greatest timber countries of the world—its strength and uniform- ity of size making it adaptable for many pur- poses for which no other woods are suitable. The improvement in the mining business will also create considerable local demand. The Central Lumber Company, of San Francisco, which has recentlv been formed, embraces nearly all the mills on the Pacific coast. Under the in- tended mode of conducting the business, it seems probable that a fair share of business will be se- cured by each individual mill, and that shortly better prices will be realized. All the available lumber steamers have been chartered by the combine, and outsiders will experience difficulty in securing vessels to carry lumber for export. An advance in prices would not, we think, affect the demand for British Columbia fir and red cedar, more especially where its qualities are known. MANITOBA. Operations throughout Manitoba and _ the Northwest Territories during the early part of the year were restricted, but large crops stimu- lated trade after the first six months had passed. The cut of the Lake of the Woods mill was small, as fewer logs were taken out during the winter of 1894-95, owing to the fact that stocks carried over were large. In Winnipeg consider- able building has been done, which has resulted in a local demand. A number of grain elevators have also been built throughout the country. Prices have been well maintained, but lowered slightly towards the end of the year, as a result of the importation of Minnesota lumber and a supply of spruce from the Riding Mountains. The opera- tions of the Western Retail Lumbermen’s As- sociation have been felt by the retail trade, and the prospects for 1896 are of a satisfactory char- acter. CORRECTION. In the description of Messrs. Leischman, Maun- drell & Co.’s works at Woodstock, Ont., which appeared in our last number, it was stated that they had three mills, turning out three million feet per year. This is incorrect, as they have only one mill, turning out one million feet per year. The firm control three yards, at which are handled from eight to ten million feet per year. FEBRUARY, 1896 HON. J. W. LONGLEY, MLA. COMMISSIONER OF CROWN LANDS FOR NOVA SCOTIA. For the past ten years the position of Attorney- General of Nova Scotia has been held by the Hon. J. Wilberforce Longley, M.A. The ex- tent of crown lands in that province is not suffici- ent to justify the maintenance of a Commissioner for that department alone. The duties of that position have therefore been looked after by Mr. Longley as Attorney-General. Mr. Longley was born at Paradise, N. S., in the year 1847. He was educated at Acadia Col- lege, and graduated in June, 1871. Four years afterwards he was called to the bar of Nova Scotia. While articled as a law student in the city of Halifax he became a frequent contributor to the press, and took an active interest in current political questions. In 1873 he became chief editorial writer for the Arcadian Reporter, and afterwards joined the staff of the Halifax Morning Chronicle, paying special attention to public affairs. ¥In the year 1882 Mr. Longley Hon. J. W. Lonctey, M.A.' was nominated by the Liberals of Annapolis County to contest the riding as a candidate for the Local House. a Conservative stronghold, and few people were to be found who considered the election of the Liberal candidate probable. exciting campaign, Mr. Longley headed the polls by a majority of 79 votes. From the time he first took his seat in the House of Assembly he became a prominent and influential member of that body, and two years afterwards was chosen a member of the Executive Council. At the general elections of 1886 he again contested the County of Annapolis. As in the case of the pre- vious contest, the election was very close, but Mr. Longley was successful by the narrow ma- jority of sixteen. He immediately entered upon his duties as Attorney-General in the Government, a position which he has since maintained. He is considered one of the ablest orators of the House, is energetic and industrious, and one of ~ the best informed men of the day. Since that time he has been the author of a large number of measures dealing with criminal procedure, town incorporation, the abolition of imprison- ment for debt, the assessment law and other im- portant subjects. At the general elections in 1890 he was re- elected, and all hopes of defeating him have now been abandoned by his opponents. The county was regarded as However, after an wu 9 * 4 =a ae ao CANADA The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages} $1.00 rer ear {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, everg va ae git) oe seg “oes " he PRE ee et EEKLY EDITION ek 7a ss ¥ { bh u ra, a 4 : Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. Vou. II. TORONTO, ONT., (CANADA [,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY C. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. : Branch Office: New York Lire InsuRANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-daté market conditions and tendencies in the principal mantifacturing districts and leading domestic and foreigh wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home and abroad. Lumberman, asc" A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent_to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. &@ Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. _ LUMBERMAN’S | INSPEGTION — BO0K @=6a Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the “Canada Lumberman.” =eam Toronto, Canada C. H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 HE above is afac simile of the title page of the latest and most complete Lumber and Inspection Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a copy on receipt of four 3 cent Ga- nadian postage stamps ° ° © ° ADDRESS: THE (GANADA | UMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada JANUARY 29, 1896 No. 4 WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week’s issue. IMBER LIMITS — WHITE PINE — FOUR small berths for sale, in the township of Gibson, on the Georgian Bay. THE MUSKOKA MILL & LUMBER CO., Toronto. WANTED. A MAN IN CANADA, ACQUAINTED WITH the band saw trade, to sell on. commission. Ad- dress, ‘“BAND”, Care CANaDa LumBERMAN, Toronto. FOR SALE. CARS DRY BASSWOOD LUMBER, GOOD mill run—$r3 en cars. MacpHerson & SCHELL, Alexandria, Ont. 10 WANTED FOR CASH. 3 AND 4INCH THOROUGHLY and 1 and 1% -inch Basswood. I. N. E. Arien & Co., 34 and 36 Wall Street, New York. 1, TA; 1%, 2, dry x and 2 Soft Elm FOR SALE. js a LATH AND SHINGLE MILL, cheap, in the thriving village of Richard’s Land- ing, 24 miles from Ste. Marie—one of the best locations in Algoma. Apply to Davies & Dean, Richard’s Landing, Ont. POSITION WANTED. A YOUNG MAN, EXPERIENCED IN THE lumber business, thoroughly acquainted with the Wew York lumber trade, and with several years’ experi- ence in the hardwood trade, wishes a position on the road, as shipper or inspector, for reliable house. Cor- respondence solicited. Address, R. C. Jamieson, Meaford, Ont. NOTICE Sale of White-Pine Timber ENDERS WILL BE RECEIVED AT THE office of the undersigned up to and including SEVENTEENTH DAY OF MARCH NEXT, for the purchase of the Pine Timber (only) over seven inches on the stump, on the understated Townships in the District of Parry Sound, described as follows: Township of Lount, Berth No. 4. Area, 14 square miles. Concessions 9 to 14 inclusive, Lots 21 to 35 in- clusive. Township of Pringle, Berth No. 3, 134 square miles, Concessions g to 14 inclusive, Lots 1 to 15 inclusive. Township of Pringle, Berth No. 4, 1734 square miles. Concessions 9 to 12, Lots 16 to 35 inclusive; Conces- sion 13, Lots 16 to 25 inclusive ; Concession 13, Lots 27 to 35 inclusive; Concession 14, Lots 16 to 22 inclusive ; Concession 14, Lots 28 to 35 iuclusive. Township of Mills, Berth No. 2, 12 square miles. Concessions 9 to 14 inclusive, Lots x to 15 inclusive. The above Berths are well watered, with excellent facilities for lumbering. Tenders may be for each Berth separate, or for the whole Lot, and should state the amount the parties tendering are prepared to pay for the Pine Timber (only) on each Berth or on the whole Lot. The timber when cut is subject to Crown dues of $1 per thousand feet board measure, and ground rent of $3 per square mile per year. Terms of payment: One-half cash, balance in 6 and 12 months, good notes, with interert at 7 per cent. per annum. ‘The highest or any tender not necessarily ac- cepted. Parties intending to explore the above limits should get off at South-River StationG T Railroad, and thence by stage to Mecunoma Post Office, Nipissing Road, where Mr. A. Urquhart will be found after February rsth, and can give all information regarding the limits. For further particulars apply to BURTON & BRO. Barrie, Ont. Barrie, 25th January, 1896. ANTED—SILENT OR ACTIVE PARTNER, with five to ten thousand dollars, to extend sure and safe export trade (patented). Large profits and im- mense field; fullest investigation. Mill man having mill and power east preferred. Address, Box 20, CANaDA LUMBERMAN. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. THE trade of the past week has been slow, but noone is disappointed. Activity is not looked for until the month of February has well set in. No cutting of prices to effect sales has taken place, which is an encouraging feature. The de- mand for rock elm for bicycles is increas- ing as the season advances. From the Ottawa district comes a report of a good enquiry for box lumber at fair figures. The mills are actively engaged in getting in their supply of logs, sufficient snow having fallen to facilitate operations in the woods. bei The attention of the trade is directed to the correspondence appearing in another column from Mr. Magie, of Bordeaux, France, which shows the possibility of an increased trade with that country. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Lumbermen in the maritime provinces are actively engaged in logging operations. From some points a scarcity of snow is still reported, but sufficient has fallen in the greater part of the lumbering sections to remove the gloomy outlook which pre- vailed earlier in the season. The stock of deals at the mills in New Brunswick is diminishing rapidly. At St. John the city mills have no deals to offer, but suffi- cient quantities are coming in to supply the steamers loading for British ports. At railway points considerable quantities are available. The quotation on country cut deals is $9.25. The demand on the spruce supply con- tinues, and owing to the possibility of a small winter's cut, there is an inclination to force prices upwards. Spruce clap- boards and boards are firm; shingles and pine lumber dull. Hemlock is ima healthy condition, and is following the lead of spruce. The trade at St. John is likely to receive further encouragement in the shape of another line of steamships. The New York and Porto Rico Company will put vessels on the route between St. John and Halifax and Porto Rico. Monthly trips will be made during the winter and spring. This should prove a further boom to ship- pers. From the province of Quebec comes the report that stocks are small and prices firm. A considerable quantity of spruce is going forward to foreign ports. BRITISH COLUMBIA. If present indications can be taken asa basis of conjecture, the prospects for lum- -woods on Lake Winnipeg. bermen in the western provinces are of a hopeful character. Quotations for Douglas fir lumber for foreign shipment are firmer. Some of the mills have already advanced prices $1 per M. The position of the trade is steadily growing stronger, and justifies the advances. For lumber ‘ton- nage a fair enquiry exists, and the local fleet is fairly wellengaged. The most en- couraging feature of the past year’s trade has been the cargo shipments to foreign countries, and there seems no reason why this trade should not be more fully devel- oped in 1896. In Manitoba and the North-West Territories the trade 1s fairly active, logging operations being in full swing. The Ontario and Western Lum- ber Co., of Rat Portage, have started five camps, and will operate five mills. Capt. Robinson has 200 men employed in the Prices are firm, and a good local demand for lumber is reported. UNITED STATES. Association meetings have occupied the attention of lumbermen during the past week. Apart from these meetings little has been done, as dealers are very cautious about buying, and are carefully choosing their steps. The unsatisfactory business of 1895 has not been without its lesson. Wholesalers report a quiet week, but there is in places a postive revival of distributive demand, especially at Chicago. The call for white pine does not usually arise until late in February, but from some sections of the country there is a tendency to increased demand. This is particularly so of the east, where the export trade is brisk. White ash is also increasing in demand for manufacturing purposes. The bardwood trade is a little slow, but there is a call for some sorts. At Buffalo, oak, birch and maple are in favor, some cherry is moving, while maple flooring is active. From the Michigan district com- plaints 1each us of the low price of lumber. Lath and shingles are quiet, but with the advent of spring a better trade is expected. Now York trade is slow, the principal de- mand being for export. FOREIGN. The market in foreign countries is steady, and a restoration of confidence is reported. Stocks generally are light, and the demand is increasing. The latest re- ports from Australia announce a better enquiry for I-inch white pine. The Eng- lish market has shown more activity of late than for some time past. In London oak is firm, and winter stocks unusually light for the season of the year. Canadian elm is in moderate demand, sufficient to al keep prices firm. At Foy, Morgan & Co.’s recent sale, several parcels of Quebec goods were offered. First spruce sold fairly well at £9 to £9 1os., with £7 I5s. for 2nds. Some 4th pine irregulars sold at £6 15s. 2nd pine, 12 to 16 ft., 3xITI, brought £22 15s. Quebec red pine tim- ber did well at £2 17s. 6d. per load. From Glasgow sales of pine and spruce deals are reported at good figures. The prospects of an early settlement of the shipbuilding strike are good, which will result in stimulating trade. The stock of Canadian lumber on hand at Liverpool is small, but several vessels carrying con- siderable cargoes of lumber are due to ar- rive there in a few days. STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. J. A. Ellis, of Fenelon Falls, Ont., who operates a circular mill, has 1,005,000 feet of lumber for sale. A Lindsay firm has sold their cut of 1894 to R. Laidlaw & Co., Toronto. They have the cut of 1895 yet for sale. J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls, Ont., have 25,000,000 feet of umber now in their yards, and have 900 men at work in the woods. A member of the firm of John C. Hall & Co., Boston, has recently been in New Brunswick, buying lumber for shipment to South American markets. Gilmour & Co., of Trenton, cut 150,000 logs on their new limits last year, while on their limits on the Moira, their cut amounted to 10,000,000 feet. The British ship Nineveh has sailed from Moodyville, B. C., for Sydney, N, S. W., with 100,000 feet of flooring, 720,- 000 feet of rough lumber, and 45,000 laths, the value being $7,800. The followirg shipments from Windsor, Ont., to the United States, for the quarter ending Dec. 31st, are reported: Staves, $23,661 ; logs and timber, $8,764 ; cedar posts, $9,418 ; lumber, $4,586. Louis McConnell, Van Vlack, Ont., is stocking his new mill. He has 750,000 shingle timber -on hand, and will cut 5,000,000 shingles and 5,000,000 feet of lumber, mostly pine and hemlock. Kennedy, Davis & Son, of Lindsay and Bobcaygeon, expect to make a large cut this year. A large gang of men is in the woods and sufficient logs are now on hand to run their mill for several months. The Reid Co., of Toronto, have been awarded the contract by the city of Ham- ilton for the supply of lumber, at the fol- lowing prices : Lumber, $12.97 per thous- and feet ; cedar posts, Io cents per foot. The Christopher Langelier timber limits of Maria, Bonaventure County, Que., have been purchased by T. Nadeau, president of the Washington Building Trust Co., J. M. Fortier, and Alphonse Charlebois, a Quebec contractor. Three hundred men are now employed on the limits cutting timber. The following are the quotations for Douglas fir lumber, in cargo lots at Van- couver, for foreign shipment: Rough merchantable, ordinary sizes, in lengths to 4o feet inclusive, $7 per M feet; deck plank; rough, average length 35 ft., $15 per M; dressed T. and G. flooring, $13 per M; pickets, rough, $7 per M; laths, 4 feet 6 in., $1.50 per M. Exports of lumber from New Bruns- wick are reported as follows: From Quaco on Jan. 8th, for Boston, per sch. Silver Wave, 100,coo boards, etc, 75,000 laths, by J. R. McDonough; on Jan. 14th, per sch. Frank W., for Salem f. 0., 135,000 ft. plank, 15,000 laths, by Stetson, Cutler & Co. For Buenos Ayres, f. 0., per bark Bessie Markham, 137,277 ft. spruce boards, 603,256 ft. do. scantling, 16,433 ft. do. plank, by Stetson, Cutler & Co. For New York, per sch. Clayola, 225,000 laths, by J. R. Warner-& Co. For Glasgow, by W. M. Mackay, 325,518 feet deals, etc.; John Wilson, 194 pcs. birch timber (84 loads). UNITED STATES. Sol. Froet, of Menominee, Mich., will bank 3,000,000 feet of logs at Saunders this winter. The Donovan & O’Connor mill at Menominee, Mich., have 4,000,000 feet of stock in hand for sawing. Alger, Smith & Co., of Saginaw, Mich., have 4,000,000 feet of long logs to be hauled to Black River, Alcona county. Prices for logs at Manister, Mich., range about $4.00 to $4.50 for maple, ash, elm, etc. Rock elm commands a little higher figure. Culligan & Doyle, of Bay City, Mich., have 1,000,000 feet of logs banked on the Oqueoc river. They will be rafted to Alpena next summer. The H. Witbeck Co., of Marine.te, Wis., have sold to the Schroeder Lumber Co., of Milwaukee, 40,000,000 feet cf pine timber on Popple river, for $150,000. The lowest bidder on 3,200,000 feet of lumber and thick stuff to be used for canal improvement at Buffalo, was the Laycock Lumber Co., their price being $67,759.05. PROSPECTIVE TRADE WITH FRANCE. The following interesting letter on the prospects of Canadian trade with France has been received by the CANADA LUM- BERMAN : : BorDEAU X, FRANCE, January 16, 1896. Dear Sir, — Regarding the outlook and market in France for Canadian lumber under the new treaty, I have gone over the position recently with many of our important dealers, and have had published here, the copy of the treaty I received. For the moment it is im- possible to give you any very definite informa- tion, as it is so recent an affair, coming at our dead season, and when everyone is making up stock and closing their books, that no decided action has taken place to indicate to what ex- tent our buyers will take hold of it. Speaking particularly of spruce, which per- haps is of most interest to you, all our buyers are more or less familiar with the Canada spruce deals, having bought in a limited way from time to time under the old or maximum duty. Now that the new treaty allows a re- duction of 13 Fcs. per standard (or say, $2.50), it is more than probable that Canada can count on France to buy largely. The position to-day can perhaps be described ina few words. Geographically, France is near the great forests of Norway, Sweden, Russia, and Austria; their products have a good foothold here, and are well liked, and justly so, because the lumber ts very carefully manufactured, all sawn and equalized with band saws, in current sizes here. Clean, bright and even, it, as the French say, ‘‘pleases the eye,” and everyone who has had experience in the French markets knows that this goes further towards selling it than a practical lum- berman would at first believe. The near- ness of France to these forests allows of freights which are low and easily obtained. In front of these facts Canada comes with a reduction of $2.50 per std. to compete with the Baltic shippers. The result of this compe- tition you will have from time to time in my regular reports to you, but, as I said before, nothing can be predicted for the moment. I will make off a list of imports showing exact importations at different ports. The sizes most desired and saleable here are 3x7, 3x8, 3x9, 9 to 22 feet (metric) long, with an average of 14% to 15 feet (metric). Long lengths are sought for. Inspections are Ist, 2nd and 3rd, with a good average of 2nd. It is impossible to name you any price, because no contracts have been made recently. The market is quiet and steady, with rather good prospects for active demand when the season opens. Staves continue depressed and quiet, and our market continues overstocked. Some activity is looked for during the spring buying. If anything can be done in your staves here, I would be glad to hear from your ship- pers. Bordeaux uses some 30,000,000 4 year, and it seems there ought to be room for Cana- dian trade as there is for American. Yours truly, Gro, ALFRED MAGIE. OTTAWA. [Special Correspondence WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.] The trade, in keeping with other lines of business here, is rather quiet just now, but the prospects for the coming spring and summer are gradually brightening. Of course, so far as the manufacturers are concerned, they are largely safeguarded against any possible fall in prices during the coming season, as their prospective out- put of deal has been sold, leaving only the ordinary thm lumber for them to handle. A feature worthy of note has been a marked improvement during the past few weeks in the sale and shipment of box lumber. there was a lack of the usual demand for this class of lumber, but lately, however, the demand has increased, and many large lots have been disposed of at fair prices, so that at present only the average winter stock is in the yards. Of all other classes of lumber, the usual quantity is now on hand. THE SITUATION. REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF THE “WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que.: No. 2 spruce is all we are selling. Stocks in this locality are small, and prices firm. Geo. Thomson, Wingham, Ont.: Hem- lock is in most demand. Prices are firm, and stocks on hand small. The logs coming in are mostly hardwood. Leischman, Maundrell & Co., Wood- stock, Ont.: Barn stock and 13 and 2- inch in good demand. Lumber is at a stand-still, but logs are coming in from all parts. H. G. Ross, Victoria, B. C.: Stocks are moving slowly. For export, fir is in most demand, and for local use, fir and cedar. Stocks in this province are very small, and prices are inclined to advance. I may say that in British Columbia stocks are not held, the lumber being cut as ordered. ; Thos. Ouellett, Detroit, Mich.: Regard- ing purchases of one million feet in the neighborhood of Owen Sound, the lumber consisted chiefly of hard maple, with some soft elm and basswood. I expect to buy more in that section during the coming In the early part of the season . _ Gee Bros. & Co. E for the lumber. ~ ton, Portland and common points, local 15 cent = Vs season. Am buying shipped east. Water shipmen all come to Detroit. Robert Christie, Chesley, Ont.: TI is a good enquiry for rock elm for bicy The old stocks of hardwood are well out, but considerable hemlock is carried The usual stock of logs will be taken ot COOPERAGE. The Sutherland-Innes Co., of Chatham, Ont., have favored us with the followin notes regarding the condition of coonSraa stocks : At this season of the year business prompt shipment is very limited ind and until something definite is known: garding the United States tariff and th winter we are going to have, very little tracting will be done for delivery over 18: Owing to the entire absence of snow far this year, manufacturers of cooper stock advanced prices about two ago. The stock of staves, hoops, 2 heading in Canada is very limited, n does not look as if there would be enou; stock to go around until the new cu comes in. Under the circumstances, very high prices are looked for by all mai facturers in the near future. Should winter continue as at present, none mills in Canada will be stocked up, 2 all kinds of cooperage stock will be a high premium thisseason. — - _ SHIPPING MATTERS. Bark Ethel Clarke is at Bear River, | loading lumber for the West Indies. Sch. John H. Cross is loading cr piling at Richmond, N. B., for New Y Steamer Derwent Holme has sail St. John, N. B., for Liverpool, witht of deals. c The Etta White has left Vancouver Cig i, Blaine, wirh 200,000 feet of cedar logs for - oy shingles. : The Beaver Line boat Lake Superior coo al on the 23rd inst., from St. John, with 350 standards of deals for Liverpool. i The British ship City of Florence, we : took a cargo of lumber from the Hastings mill, at Vancouver, has arrived at Antwerp. : t; ah Sy sailed from Vancaneee B.C., on Sept 5th with a large cargo of lumber, — East London on Janaary 7th. — Sch. Fred H. Gibson has sailed from | for St. Jago, with a cargo of 394,000 pine. She is chartered to return and © Pascagoula for Port Spain, p. t- SSS BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHAN D. C. Matthews, lumber, Lakeport,— is reported in financial difficulties. — it The Revelstoke, ‘Bes Lumber Co. | is re ported to be in financial. difficulties. S. V. Bray, lumber and general st Wellesley, Ont., has been succeeded by I The assets of Atchison & Co., plani z Hamilton, have been sold to James 1 at $7,150 for mill and machinery, an FIRES. oo James Smith & Son’s saw-mill at Stanl N. B., has been burned. No insw They will probably rebuild. - The Alexandria Furniture Factory at J x andria, Ont., was destroyed by fire on the 2: Ist inst. The loss is estimated at $20,000. Campbell’s mill, above Hartland, N was burned recently. Loss on mill, insurance, $3,000. The stock burne valued at 7 000, and was insured for igre 0. Se ae LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atla1 ic way are as follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1 ee M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arn Montreal, $1.75 per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and ‘und : De ft.); Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per roo Ibs. Ort to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per roo Il to New York, 15 cents track delivery 37 cents | roo lbs lightered ; Arnprior to New York 17 track delivery 9 cents lightered; Ottawa to exports 13¢. too lbs.; Arnprior to Bos Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; expo cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents" 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Albany, 1o cents per roo lbs. Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa | tO per thy t ' 22% cents per 100 lbs. i] St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Tbs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per 100 Ibs., except when quoted per M ft. the miiimum carload charged is 10 M ft., lumber not exceeding 300 Ibs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. Lumeser freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Of any intended change due notice will be given lumbermen. General instructions in shipping by Grand Trunk are embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On lum- ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. per car, unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 lbs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light lumber up to 30,000 lbs. to the car, then the actual weight only will be charged for, but not less than 24,- ooo Ibs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not be - higher from an intermediate point on the straight run than from the first named point beyond, to the same des- tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or Hep- worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, would not be higher than the specific rates named from Wiar- Minimum carload weight for . ~ CANADA LUM ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill and Southampton to points east of Listowel and south and west of Stratford will be the same as from Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to be charged than as per mileage table published on page 9 of tariff. Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Penetang, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; Brace, bridgeto Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor- Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7¥4c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, gc.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, roc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 614c. These rates are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 734c. per 100 lbs.; to Deseronto, 9c.; to Brockville and Prescott, 1oc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, 1i1c. The rates on hardwoods average about from rc. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. : Po a ee BERMAN — eer = WEEKLY EDITION. Til. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on piue and soft woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, roc.; Al- goma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, 13c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 14%c. per 100 lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 lbs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES, Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7¥%c. per 1oc lbs. from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7%c, from same points. FOR SALE, RY HEMLOCK, ROCK AND SOFT ELM ’ slabs for sale at 75 cents per cord on cars. No edgings. J. E. Murpuy, Hepworth Station, Ont. WETS ES Having Brown Ash r2, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN, No 8g State St., Boston, MAss. Inspection at mill. CANADIAN EXPORTERS ©”? WHOLESALERS Thos. Meaney & Co. . London Canadian Chambers 103 Bay St. - Toronto, Ont. LUMBER DONOGH & OLIVER 00° ° wowoaereaeois | MEP, Lath ana Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Huntsville Lumber Go., Lt¢. Pi axvracrurers OF E to cut White Pi d Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have LUMBER W far Saba Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 14 in. wide. LATH acSHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. TH PEMBROKE LUMBER 60.17». MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. Se @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills eS rt Qe — FOR SALE eee ES — Spanish River. BOOTH & GOR ON ; KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING 5°51. ceiine PEMBROKE, ONT Red Pine Dimension Logs, 2's, s2".8 9 feet to suit purchaser, and would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at Spanish River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Rayside, C. P. R. Will have five to six million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on limit at And have about five million feet at mouth French River which could be delivered at opening of navigation . . . . «. ws - ADDRESS sudbury, Ont. $20.00 ~96- WHOLESALE LUMBER OFFICE: 20 Aberdeen Chambers HARDWOOD a Specialty TORONES Tes Ei AY Fh AcLim: & Gas Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER * LATH * SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies BILL TIMBER a Specialty . . a> MIDLAND, ONT. Seo, Cormack Wholesale Dealer in all kinds of G Bills cut to order. Lumber shipped to all parts by rail or vessel. Excellent quality of 18 inch Pine Shingles for sale. | LUMBER, LATH » SHINGLES WELLES Y, ONTAHEOS Ottawa LUMDEér 60. LUMBER, WVWrite for Stock List WHOLESALE Ottawa Ganada LATH, SHINGLES, Ere. ONE DOLLAR will pay your subscription to the weekly and monthiy CANADA LUMBERMAN for ; ONE YEAR SAMPLES BY MAIL KNIGHT BROS. Bur k’s Falls, Ont. FOREIGN EXPORTERS «x? IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber : : « Red Oak, Soft Elm Basswood (all thicknesses) > Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. oe Buffalo, N. > ooo POOLE & HOTCHKISS °°° Wholesale Dealers in PINE aso HARDWOOD LUMBER Shingles and Latn Correspondence invited 270 West Genesee St. BUFFALO, N. Y. “WILLIAM B. YOUNG ~~ Young & Keeler Co. WHOLESALE DEALER AND MANUFACTURER Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. 5-<£ South Street, NEW YORK. SCATCHERD & SON 1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N.Y... :-— WANT —: ROCK BitiM COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.—— I7 00 COFFIN BOARDS. No. 1, 1 in., 13in. and up.... 20 00 | No. 1, mill culls ING: Decne teaser nel tera 17 00 | No. 2, or red horse BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED. Extra clear (perfect)......... 23 00| No. 2....... ose nc end oon No. 1 (nearly clear). ....--.- 2r 50 | NO. B.cceceee ceec cern sewers TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.$ 8 50 Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, 18 ft EE aicins ietcie ototsiateieyeToomistaiate Io 50 TOLEEE. ccc ed efeieriere es ie ERY Lanecon naarnacemaa pac 5 HI OLO'| SEIAichs deena ees eae a2 and 24 ft......0..eeeeee 12 50 | Add $x to each additional aft. in length. WHITE PINE LATH. DS Co SRG enone aU UEOURAC EOS mars || viosieatis etaree wale ereraiaiata Hemlock eee ek BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. Tonawanpa N. Y., Jan 29, 1896. WHITE PINE. 2% and 3 i 00 and up, 1 in PAPUAT oh olpetvalenaia sIa7= =e, oo| Dressing 1% in.. Selects, x in. oo| xx10 andr. 1Y¥% to2 in OO ||| AG Lieve nigra a ie 2 and 3 in....... 47 00 5000| 2 IN ...eeveeee sees oo | Mold st’ps, x to 2 in.. AiMBlicin\n cisisinlaisinisiviaias 52 Fine common, x in... 35 00 37 00] Barn, No. x, roand 12 1% and 1% in..... 34 00 36 00 itl; ated aeelatmetteine Fi esses ao SRG 34'00 3600] 6and 8 in......... 3M. eee cece ee eee 45 .00| No. 2, roand r2in. dine trtit es ciaiem terete) 45 00| No. 3, roand z2in. to2 in.......-- 32 00 34 00 Common, 1 in 4 Oe Cut’g up, No. 1,1in. 26 00 2800] 6and8in.......... No. 2, 1 in........ 15 00 17 00 14% andr¥in.. No. 2,1% tozin.. 22 00 2300] 2 IN... seeeeseeee WHITE ASH. 1st & 2nd, x inch, 26 00 2% to 4 in......seeee 1% to2in....-.«. . 27.00 28 00 ni Be F SES oreaiio och tce QuEBEC, Jan. 29, 896. “ e “ a3 No. 2, r in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 tin., roin. stocks 1 in., 12 in, stocks zin., 10 in. and up wide... 23 00 1 in., 13 in. and up wide... ..$10 00 | 1 in., 13 in. and up wide. 1 in., 6 in. wide.........+-+ . 11 00} 1%, 1% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1 in,, 7 in. wide and up....-. IT 00 up wide.......-. catuowoe 1 in., 10 in. and up wide 14%, 14% and 2 in., 8in. and up SMUG ra sisi 9:sieis/a.e'araletslalelatels No, 3, 1% to2in... 15 00 17 00 Shelving, No. 1, 13 in RED OAK. ast & and..scceserees 24 00 26 0)| Quartered 1st & 2nd.. 38 00 40 00 Common .......-+--- 14 00 316 00} Common..... warageee CO Wamenm Gall... canons siewivirce +s 9 00 1000 ’ NEW YORK CITY. ® “BLACK AND BROWN ASH. we st & 2nd, 8 inch up, 2000 2200 Com. & good culls 8 00 10 00 BIRCH. _ ist & 2nd, 6 inch & yst & 2nd, white, 6in. & up, 18 00° <- UP, TED... ceceeces 25 00 28 00|Com & good culls..... 8 00 10 00 ELM. P - rst & 2d, rock, 8in. & up, 18 00 22 00 ast & 2d, soft, 8 in. & up, 1400 1600 ; MAPLE. i = rst & 2d, hard, 6in. & up 16 00 18 00 ist & 2d, soft, 6in.& up, 14 00 16.000 WHITE OAK. ? “A ist & 2nd, plain, Clear squares, 5x5 ; Bin. &up......+66 2600 28 00] to rx8.....- beeen jowo Good common....... 15 00 17 00] 1st & and quartered, “ Good culls..... ..+. 9 00 1000] 6in. UP..-++..+.+-. GO 00 45 00 Common quartered... 20 00 25 00 New York, N. Y., Jan. 29, 1896. — WHITE PINE LUMBER ‘a Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely. by source of sup) rendering it useless to give prices for local market. % WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge timber....... $49 00 @ 50 00 | Building orders.....$28 00 @ 40 Decking.....-«..+.- 45.00 5000 * SPRUCE. be 6 to gin....... s+. 1400 15 00|10to12in......-.-- - 16.00. 57) 6£0)021er in peewee a 14 50 15 20] Lath........- Pee fir 1 85. m gito 12 ins... .0+5-- 2 i550 16 00 , HARDWOOD. = 4l4 and thicker, No. 1 and 2 Black Ash, 10 to 16.....sssseeeeeres 23 E Bs EE oft f MC pees ven hes ef i ee Hard Maple, ‘6 ....-cerveeeeesees 2 “ “ “ Basswood ide 7 ee « “ Bieh, | “9 re ‘© Black Ash, Com, and Shipping Cull, M.C.O.. I ce if Soft Elm “ ee ae “ ae Hard Maple “e “ “ iad o Basswood 4 oe “ “ ae oc Birch, 4 Lad iia o PUNE. g Uppers, 3 in. up...... .....$50 $52 | Dressing boards, narrow. . SVAN PEACE mer arias can . 50 52| West India shipping boa TALS 25M. se ose =.als eh 45 48| Box boards.. ..--.--+.+ a UPPELS 6... ee aeons 50 52 | ro-in. dressing and 1 elects, 214 in. up.....--+++ 40 42] ro-in. common .....-...- HitO: BIAS «sea ders sate eeiemete 36 40 | 12-in. dressing and better. . Fine common, 2% in. andup 38 40 | Common, 1x12 ....-- --+++- TitOle kg. we aes oe eerie 34 38| No. x barn, 1x12......--+++ Ne. 1 cut, r to2inch....... 25 35 = NGideniicnccne nas wee » 38 25 Negi. ciciniste dneetn oaaiate atmo 17 20 No. 1 molding, x to2in....-. 33 36 No. 2 molding, 1 to 2 in..... 25 28 ig Stained saps.......--++00+ 20 ag.” 1G «sno 2 ah ate Bracket plank ........ +--+ 30 «35 er Shelving boards, 12-in. up.. 28 30| Common.....-.-++-+-+++ LATH,. he Pine. ccaseee RS aeign aera $2 25 | Spruce .....ceseeeeeereeees $2 00 Sawed P $a 25 $440) Bound ote, Gee eae awed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30| Bound butts, 6x18 ....$6 00 6 1 Clear butts .......+++ 325 3 35 Bemlodk .-s-10- chee ae Smooth, 6x18.....-. 5 40 5 50| Spruce......---++-+++. 2 20 2 30 OSWEGO, -N.Y. ee ’ Usweco, N. Y., WHITE PINE. Three uppers, 1%, 1% and 2 inch.......+.sseseresen seers sB45 O Pickings, is S cael pagan oa 2 No. 1, cutting up, ‘ Se es etente a aaetaia ( No. 2, cutting up, ‘ ee sacar aepes Rasctetas 24 00 In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding trips, 14 tox6ft. 30 00 32 SIDING} rin siding, cutting up} 1% in selected....... 38 ticks and uppers... 32 00@39 oo | 1% in dressing....... rin dressing......+++ 39 00 21 00|/ 1% in No.1 culls.... in No. x culls...... 14 00 15 00] 1% in No, 2cuils.... | tin No. 2 culls...... 13 00 14 00) 1 in. No3culls...... ixxr2ZINCH. x2 and 16 feet, mill run........ eS oe Peewee O58 32 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards. a 12 and x6 feet, dressing and better........ ‘ r2.and r6'feet, No. 2 cullss. 2. ccedsernse sone 1-0 a= anno mee 14%x10 INCHES. } Millrun, mill culls out.$22 co@25 00 No. rculls.:......... 17.00 38. Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00 No. 2culls........+++ 14 00 f 1X4 INCHES. : pet Mill run, mill cullsout 17 00 21 00 | No. rculls.. Dressing and better.. 24 00 30 00 No. 2culls.....+.++0« } ; — 1X5 INCHES. 2 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill’ 6, 7 or 8, No, rculls.. cullsout......-... 20 00 25 00| 6, 7 or 8, No.2 culls.. 6, 7 or 8, drsg and better ..........- 25 00 3000 BOSTON, MASS. sat Boston, Jan. 29, 1896 EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. é Ordinary plane 3 inch... ..-.<-peOraaiaane boards ........ .. $1r 50 1200 11-16, 406, 2. seen.) Rene Coarse No. 5 I5 00 16 00 Séinch,.i....e ieee a =e ee r FEBRUARY, 1896 a OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] THE lumbermen in the Ottawa valley view the opera- tions of the past year as satisfactory, compared with those of other parts of the Dominion. The total cut was slight- ly in excess of that of 1894. The trade and navigation returns for 1895 have been distributed, showing the total exports of forest products to be valued at $24,129,199, against $26,504,736 for the previous year. For the quarter ending December gist, the following items of export are reported: Lumber, $481,775.60 ; sul- phite, pulp, $19,309.10; lath, $17,351.56; shingles, $5,678.58 ; ties, $4,838.40 ; pickets, $4,372.04. Mr. W. C. Edwards, the well-known lumberman, is interested in the manufacture of acetylene gas. Ottawa is said to afford exceptional facilities for its manufacture, and many excellent sites and water powers are available. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. Mr. J. R. Booth, the well-known lumberman, has recently returned from a holiday trip in the Adirondacks. The quantity of logs, ties and pulp wood being taken out on the Gatineau this winter is much less than usual. It is the intention of Mr. J. R. Booth to erect a lath mill on the site of the mill burned last year. Machinery will be put in for cutting slabs and waste material into laths. A project has been mooted for the establishment of a coffin manufactory here, which would result in the em- ployment of a large number of men, and the consumption of considerable lumber. Orrawa, Can., Jan. 27, 1896. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CaNADA LUMBERMAN.] THE ports of this province have recently presented a scene of activity, many lumber vessels being loaded for foreign countries. It is satisfactory to British Columbians to know that the lumber of the province is shortly to find a market along the borders of the Baltic sea. A ship- ment to Volgaster has recently been made from the Hastings mill. The Burrard Inlet Red Cedar Mill Co. are refitting the mill at Port Moody, putting in new machinery, and mak- ing improvements throughout the buildings. They com- mence operations again the 1st of February, when they will employ about forty white men in the mill, besides those employed in the woods. They expect to cut 60,000 ft. of lumber and 200,000 shingles per day. They have sufficient orders ahead to keep the mill running constantly for a year. As a result of the formation of the recent combine, British Columbia lumbermen are strong in the hope of a profitable year in 1896. The combine is said to be grow- ing stronger every day, the latest acquisition being thirty-one redwood mills in California, with a capitaliza- tion of $10,000,000. Mining operations are also likely to help the lumber business in this province. The Brunette Saw Mill Co. have received a new edger from the Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., Peterboro. The Pacific Coast Lumber Co. are equipping a new planing mill. The machinery is from McGregor, Gourlay & Co., of Galt, Ont. The largest cargo of lumber ever carried out of Burrard Inlet was taken by the Norwegian steamer Florida, recently. It consisted of 2,453,158 feet, and was loaded at the Hastings saw mill for Australia. New WESTMINSTER, B. C., Jan. 20, 1896. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. P [Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] A SCHEME in which New Brunswick lumbermen are interested is being promoted by Messrs. H. C. Secord and F. R. Bossely, of Toronto, who propose constructing a colonization railway from Campbellton, on the I. C.R., ; across the counties of Restigouche, Victoria and Mada- waska, and eventually giving a through line from Bay Chaleur to Bangor, Boston, etc. The road will be about 106 miles in length, and will result in stimulating the lumber industry. Regular shipments of lumber are being made by the Beaver Line Steamship Company to Liverpool, England. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN e The steamers of this line will carry a certain portion of deals, not to exceed 25 per cent. of their cargo. This will affect the full cargo business to some extent. The Furness Line steamers running fortnightly to London also carry a part cargo of deals. The season has been somewhat unfavorable for lumber- ing operations so far this winter, the lack of snow having prevented lumbermen from getting their logs out of the woods. At St. John, the quantity of logs in hand for winter sawing is much lighter than usual. The firm of Stetson, Cutler & Co. have by far the largest percentage of logs available for winter sawing. On the Tobique river about 24,000,000 feet will be taken out. Since he went to the Nashwaak thirty odd years ago, Alex. Gibson has cut fully a thousand million feet of logs there and at Blackville. The cutting has been done judiciously, and all necessary waste avoided. This is a great record for one operator. The news of the death of Mr. Edward Jack was received with profound regret throughout the province. His name was the first to suggest itself to lumbermen in search of information bearing on the lumber resources of the country. SELECTS. Alex. Gibson has 5,000,000 feet of logs now in the booms at Marysville for sawing. A new saw mill, with a capacity of 30,000 feet, is being erected at New Mills by Crandall Prescott. Mr. Upham, of Woodstock, is erecting a large saw mill on the bank of the river opposite Andover. The value of export from Fredericton during Decem- ber was $19,388, principal of which were shingles, hem- lock and bark. The Masterman pulp mill on the Miramichi, near Chat- ham, is almost completed. It will have a capacity of 80 cords of wood per day, and will turn out zo tons of dry pulp. St. JOHN, N.B., Jan. 24, 1896. MICHIGAN LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] THE Saginaw Lumber Dealers’ Association is evincing a deep interest in the proposal to impose an import duty on lumber. Ata meeting of the Association held early in January, a resolution was passed urging Congress to impose duties as follows: ‘‘A fixed amount on sawed boards, planks, deals and other lumber rough ; a fixed amount on all lumber merely surfaced on one or two sides ; an ad valorem duty on lumber of any kind worked to any specified form; 20 per cent. ad valorem on shingles and lath, provided that where any country now imposes, or hereafter shall impose, an export duty on logs, on discriminating stumpage dues, the amount of such duty or dues shall be added to the duties named on articles enumerated above imported from such countries imposing such export duties or discriminating stumpage dues.” At a recent meeting of the North Michigan Hard- wood Manufacturers’ Association, held at Traverse City, it was decided to organize another association, to be known as the Michigan Maple Association. The object will be to handle all the maple cut by the members and fix the prices. The trade here have received some encouragement by a reduction of freight rates on lumber to 1,500 different points in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana. The reduction averages from 1 cent to 2% cents per 100 pounds. Wm. Rowe, of Columbus, Ohio, has been succeeded by the Michigan Lumber Co. The two mills operated by Albert Pack, at Alpena, cut last season 24,000,000 feet of long lumber and 400,000 pieces of lath. The Thunder Bay Boom Company, at Alpena, handled during the season of 1895, 50,678,573 feet of logs, 402,792 ties, 411,530 posts, and 22,570 poles. The annual meeting of the National Wholesale Lumber Dealers’ Association is announced to take place at East Saginaw the first Wednesday in March. The shipment of lumber from the Saginaw valley for the past season is shown to be the smallest for over thirty years. The figures are: Lumber, 136,120,632 feet ; shingles, 8,415,000 feet ; lath, 2,002,000 feet. SAGINAW, Mich., Jan. 25, 1896. a = OBITUARY. MR. JOHN BRYSON, M. P. THE death of Mr. John Bryson, M.P. for Pontiac, Que., and an extensive lumberman, took place at his residence, Fort Coulonge, on the 18th inst. About a week previous Mr. Bryson visited his timber limits on the Upper Ottawa, where he was attacked by heart disease, from which he had been a sufferer for years, and which resulted in his death. He was prominently known among the lumber- men of the Ottawa Valley, and the news of his death oc- casioned much regret. Deceased was born at Fort Coulonge, Que., in 1849, being therefore 47 years of age. Personally, he was an estimable man, and leaves a family which is greatly honored in the district in which they live. MR. EDWARD JACK. _ FEw men were better and more favorably known throughout the maritime provinces than Mr. Edward Jack, whose death took place at his home at Fredericton, N. B., on the 31st of December last. After an illness of ten days he succumbed to an attack of effusion of the brain. In his death the lumbermen of those provinces lose an esteemed friend, and one who took a deep interest in the timber resources of the country. He knew the province of New Brunswick and its re- sources as a student knows his book, and was always willing to give any information required of him. His knowledge of the natural wealth of the province, coupled with the circumstance than he was naturally ofa sanguine temperament, gave him great faith in the future of New Brunswick, especially the northern belt. Deceased had been for many years a contributor to the pages of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. In company with our readers we shall miss his kindly aid. Mr. Jack was born in St. Andrews nearly seventy years ago. He studied law in the office of Mr. Geo. D. Street, then a prominent lawyer in his native town, and after practising for a short time gave it up, and was ap- pointed a deputy surveyor of Crown lands, in which work his law knowledge served him in good stead. He soon after was made chief engineer for the contractors on the then-called St. Andrews and Quebec Railway. During his surveying work he took especial interest in the forest growth, and soon came to be recognized as an expert in choosing timber lands, and was appointed to take charge of the stumpage department of the Crown lands of his native province, which position he resigned about fifteen yearsago. In 1884 he went to Edinburgh as commissioner to the Forestry Exhibition held at that place, and received a medal from the management in recognition of his ser- vices while there. He was a good Latin, Greek, German and French scholar. In fact he spoke the latter language with such fluency that he has been taken for a Parisian by Frenchmen with whom he has been conversing. He visited the Southern States twice to choose timber lands for parties purchasing there. His knowledge of geology and mineralogy was also extensive, and one of the best- producing gold tracts in Nova Scotia was selected by him. Whatever he undertook he ‘‘did with all his might,” and was a thoroughly honest and God-fearing man. No one in trouble or distress ever applied to him in vain. Latterly his attention was much taken up with studying various uses to which the spanghum or moss litter might be put to, and had been experimenting largely in that di- rection. For a number of years past he also interested himself in the endeavor to secure the establishment of several en- terprises, such as a pulp mill at Fredericton. The deceased leaves two sisters and one brother, the latter being Mr. R. Melrose Jack, of St. Andrews, N. B. Ten years ago the logs from the Menominee River, Wis., lumber region ran four or five to the 1,000 feet of lumber ; in 1890 they averaged six to 1,000 feet, and now twelve, fifteen, and even twenty logs are required to furnish as much. The receipts of lumber at Buffalo by lake last year, fell short of the previous year about 17,000,000 feet. Be- sides the lumber receipts there were 5,000,000 feet of tim- ber. Lath receipts are 3,000,000 short, shingles 15,000,000, and ties 54,000 less. Four hundred and eighty-two million feet represents the amount of timber manufactured in the Duluth, Minn., district, exclusive of lath or shingles, during the season just closed. In 1894 the production of lumber in the district amounted to 346,000,000 feet. 12 THE CANADA SKILLFUL WOODWORKERS A CORRESPONDENT writes to the Northeastern Lumberman as follows: F There is just as much room for the expansion and development of mechanical ideas in the wood-working trade as in that of metal working. It is a mistaken idea that any one can run a saw or a planer who knows enough to feed the ma- terial to the machine, and is sufficiently ex- perienced to keep from losing his own limbs in doing the work. Wood-working machinery as it has been per- fected at the present time requires skill and a considerable degree of mechanical knowledge and ability to operate successfully and profitably. There is something more to be considered than the ability of the operator to crowd the stock through. The profits of a mill cannot be reck- ‘oned by the amount of work done in a single day. Wood-working machinery, more than any other, needs the attention of a skilled mechanic, from the fact that, as a rule, it is run at a very high speed, bringing greater strain and wear upon the running parts than those of machinery run less rapidly. For this reason the operator should be a man with some knowledge of mechanics, ca- pable of detecting the least sign of a defect or an injury to the machine, and able to set it right before a more serious injury occurs. It only requires a visit to some of the wood- working plants, where the only idea is to get out stock, to show the necessity of more skilled me- chanics in the operation of the machinery. Belts are patched up until they are unfit for use and require more time to look after and fix up thana new one would cost; the machines are allowed to become clogged with dust and sawdust, and poor stock is the rule rather than the exception. There is no more reason why a man without mechanical ideas, skill and experience should be employed to run wood-working machinery than there is why such help should be employed in a machine shop ora factory. The quality of work, as well as the durability of the machinery and the profits from its operation, depend largely upon the skill with which it is operated. Main strength and ignorance are poor recom- mendations for any one employed about machin- ery. Good judgment, backed by skill and experience, will accomplish more, cost less and last longer. The formation of a company is in progress to build a pulp mill at Greenfield, N. 5. A match-cutting machine is quite an auto- matic curiosity. It cuts 10,000,000 a day and then arranges them over a vat, where the heads are put on ata surprising rate of speed. ‘NEW WOODWORKING PATENTS. The following patents have recently been granted for Canada : Patentee: Alfred Harley, Albany, N. Y., pat- ented 4th November, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—1st. A blind stop having a movable arm 5, pivoted to a base 7, said arm 5 being ar- ranged to have an uninterrupted movement throughout its sweep, and a resilient device 10, Il, 12, 13, arranged within the chamber 6, to exert an unvarying automatically controlled re- sistance to movement of said arm 5, anda con- necting rod 4, pivoted to the arm 5, and movably attached to the movable portion 3, of the blind, said connecting rod 4 having an offset therein arranged to allow the connecting rod to pass the 2nd. A blind stop having a movable arm 5, pivoted to a base 7, the pivoted end being corrugated form- ing a plate spring and arranged to exert constant base, as and for the purpose described. unvarying automatically controlled frictional re- sistance to movement of the said arm, and having a connecting rod 4, pivoted to the arm and movy- ably attached to the movable portion 3, of said blind, substantially as described. CONVEYOR AND ASSORTER FOR LUMBER. Patentee: Wm. A. Leary, Norfolk, and John F. Hostetter, Suffold, U.S. A., patented 19th November, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—1st. A conveyor and assorter having a passage-way, conveying means in said passage- way, one or more deflectors capable of being thrown across said passage-way, and operating means connectcd thereto and extended to one end of said passage-way. A conveyor and as- sorter having a passage-way, a series of rollers therein, means for rotating all of said rollers, a series of shunt-arm pivoted each at one end, a shaft therefor, a bell-crank lever on said shaft, a pivoted locking lever, means for returning said shunt arms to their normal positions when un- locked, and means for operating each of said shunt arms independently from a single point, substantially as set forth. Saw SET AND JOINTER. Patentee: Wm. I. Simmons, Northville, Mich., U. S. A., patented 19th November, 1895; 6 years. Claim.—1st. In a saw setting machine, the combination of an anvil and its support, with an upright arm adapted to carry a vertically moving setting punch, a track arm hinged to the anvil support and adjustable through a vertical angle with respect thereto, a sadle adjustable along the track arm and adjustable with respect thereto through an angle in the same plane with that of the angular adjustment of the track arm, a re- versible setting punch provided with facets on each end, and a collar on said punch having one side flattened and adapted to bear against the upright to prevent the punch from turning in its bearings, substantially as described. 2nd. Ina saw set and jointer, the combination of a main support, a jointing file secured thereto, an arm hinged to the main support, a bearing screw adapted to adjust the angularity of the hinged arm, a centreing device comprising a saddle adapted to slide along the hinged arm and adjust- able with respect thereto, and means for securing the saw to the tabular piece, substantially as de- 3rd. Ina saw jointer, a centreing and holding device comprising a saddle convex on its scribed. under side, an overhang projecting therefrom and provided with a socket and a conical fillet plug and means for clamping the ollet plug in the socket, substantially as described. FORESTRY AT THE EXPERIMENTAL. Prof. C. S. Sargent, director of the Arnold Arboretum at Jamaica Plain, near Boston, Mass., visited the Experimental Farm at Ottawa during the past summer, and was ‘so gratified with the progress which has been made in forestry that he asked Mr. W. T. Macoun, who is in charge, to go to the Arnold Arboretum and make a selec- tion for the Ottawa station. These have been safely received, and include 179 varieties of trees and shrubs, and cuttings of 24 species of willows, _ nearly all of which are new to the collections here. Prof. Sargent’s collection is especially rich in rare species from Northern Japan and China, countries which he has twice visited. The Farm has also received recently from Siberia, from Prof. Max. Sivers, of Roemershof, six species of trees and shrubs from that country, also some tree seeds. Among the trees sent are specimens of the Siberian larch and the Siberian spruce, both new to the Farm collection. When these additions are planted in the spring, * the Arboretum will contain more than 1,000 varieties of trees and shrubs under test. Thus far a large proportion of those tried have been found hardy in this climate. The information gained in this branch of the work is proving of great value to the country generally, by showing the capabilities of the Canadian climate and by supplying valued information to lovers of trees and shrubs in all parts of the Dominion. : FEBRUARY, 1896 THE NEWS. —R. Hartman is erecting a saw mill at Albert, Ont. —A large saw mill is to be erected at Mono Mills, Ont. —M. Durham is building a box and basket factory at Grimsby, Ont. —P. Genelle & Co., NaKusp, B. C., will build a saw mill with a capacity of 70,000 ft. —James McCartney, South River, Ont., has soid his saw mill to McArthur & Moir. —The boom house of the Fredericton Boom Co., at Lincoln, N. B., was destroyed by fire recently. —W. T. Murray & Co., of Sarnia, Ont., are erecting a new saw mill. It will be ready for operations in May. —At North Bay, Ont., F. & F. Chadbourn have recently put in operation a saw mill. Principally birch lumber will be manufactured. —Thomas Marks has made a proposal to the town council of Port Arthur, Ont., to establish a large mill and woodenware establishment. —The storehouse and office of the Holland & Emery Lumber Co., at Wahnapitae, Ont., Most of the stock was saved. —The city clerk of St. John, N. B., has been notified that the governor in council has approved of the new by- law relating to lumber surveyors. ~ were recently burned. —The exports of deals from the port of Parrsboro, N. S., during last year amounted to 42,701,540 ft., carried in 37 vessels, aggregating 45,274 tons. —The Upper Canada Tract Society, of Ontario, have supplied a number of lumber camps on the Ottawa river and in Algoma, with religious literature. i —Wm. Stuckey, of the Grand Valley, Ont., planing mills, proposes erecting a saw mill at Keldon. He will make a specialty of cutting soft elm, maple and birch lumber. —The suit of the Dominion government against E. D. Davidson & Sons, of Bridgewater, N. S., to restrain them from putting sawdust in the river, has been decided against the government. —The action brought by Mrs. Wm. Spence, to recover damages from Craig & Co., of Toronto, for the death of her husband, who was killed in their saw mill on Dundas street, has been dismissed for want of prosecution. —Le Syndicat du Lac Labelle is the title of a company now being formed, with head office in Montreal, for the operation of flour and saw mills. The capital stock will be $50,000, and among the promoters are J. U. Emard and Ferdinand Bayard. —A new competitor in the saw mill business are the Sisters of the Bon Pasteur, who propose carrying on business in the parish of St. Martin, Que., under the firm name of F. Lavoie & Cie., running the saw, grist and carding mill known as ‘‘ Moulin du Crochet.” —Mr. John McAdam’s mill on the Gibson Branch, N. B., is now completed and running. It is equipped by E. Leonard & Sons with one of their clipper engines, rotary saw and patent edger, and by the Small & Fisher Co., with one of their well known shingle machines. —Mr. John Simpson, superintendent of Algonquin Park, while in Toronto recently, submitted his report for the past year. Eight rangers are now employed. Their work in the winter consists in preventing trappers from hunting and lumbermen from blazing boundary lines. —Mr. J. F. Richardson has finished his mill located near the Gibson & Fredericton R. R. It is one of the best THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. 13 small mills in the maritime provinces. The power is fur- nished by a Leonard boiler and engine of 60 h.p. The rotary is a new design, with steel rope feed, built by the Small & Fisher Co., of Woodstock, N. B., andis working satisfactorily. —Mr. Thomas Southworth, of the Bureau of Forestry for Ontario, has issued a circular to the township clerks, calling attention to the fact that some of the assessors fail to make any distinction between wood land and waste or pasture land .which may be scantily timbered: here and there. In consequence there are no accurate data ob- tainable as to the extent of forest covered land remaining in the settled parts of the province. They have been re- quested to enter as ‘‘wood land’”’ only areas where the ground is well shaded with trees. CASUALTIES, —John Brown, a well known mill man of Lower Gas- pereau, N. S., ing on the track. was recently killed by a train while walk- —While working in Sergeants’ planing mill at Lon- don, Ont., W. H. Edgecombe was seriously injured by the breaking of a belt. —A Canadian named Albert Abbatory, employed by William Perry, of West Somerset, N. Y., was killed while logging at that place recently. —Wnm. Forbes, of Goshen, N. S., while chopping a tree in the woods. save his horse the tree fell on him. had his leg broken In endeavoring to —Norman Johnson, of Spry Lake, Ont., was felling a tree when it sprung back on him, almost severing his left leg, necessitating amputation below the knee. —A log maker in W. C. Edwards and Co.'s shanties, named Alphonse Renaud, died on the train a fortnight ago, while going from Mackay’s Station to Renfrew. He belonged to Wendover, Ont. —A serious accident occurred in the lumber woods at Melrose, N. B., by which John Berry, fifteen year old son of Wm. Berry, lost his life. The unfortunate boy got tangled in the chains and the horses dragged him from the woods to his father’s door. — ‘TRADE NOTES. Mr. Geo. F. Rich, of Preston, Ont., has recently placed new machinery for Joshua Oldham & Sons, New York. The Robb Engineering Co., of Amherst, N. S., have supplied a portable saw mill to M. Mason & Son, Mill- stream, N. B. B. R. Mowry & Sons, of Gravenhurst, Ont., have recently supplied seven tons of shafting to the J. B. Smith & Son’s mill at Callender, which is being rebuilt. The Robb Engineering Co., of Amherst, N. S., have supplied a portable saw mill to G. R. McDonough, St. Martins, N. B. A copy of the Penberthy Injector Co.’s calendar for 1896 has reached us. It was issued from the ‘‘ Penberty and is a creditable piece of work. It is the intention of Mr. Charles Hofferberth, the well known importer of American hardwoods, Burdett Road, Eng., to retire from business, Mr. Arthur Dempsey assuming control. Press,” The Bain Wagon Works Co. has been incorporated, with a capital stock of $250,000, to manufacture lumber trucks, carriages, etc. wagons, The concern was . formerly known as the Bain Bros. Mfg. Co. ; The Waterous Engine Works Co., of Brantford, have recently put in a new band saw for F. G. McMullen, Windsor, N. S. Mr. McMullen is putting ina system of rolls to carry the deals direct from the mill to the cars. Engine Works Co., through their eastern representative, have placed an Allis band mill at Bastican, Nona They have also put in improved wheels and machinery at Marysville, N. B., for Alex. Gibson. The Waterous Que., for parties in Elizabethtown, A pretty hanger has been sent us by H. H. Spicer & Co., the well known lumber dealers and manufacturers of red cedar shingles, Vancouver, B. C., showing several good views of their works. The capacity of their shingle mill is now one hundred million per year. The well known New York firm of Young & Keeler Co., wholesale hardwood dealers and manufacturers, has been succeeded by Wm. B. Young, Mr. J. H. Keeler re- tiring. The business management of the late firm has for some years been in the hands of Mr. Young, and con- sequently the business will in no way be effected. Mr. Thos. Pink, of Pembroke, has sent out a very handsome calender for the current year. It is of large size, and presents a richly colored picture of a cavalry officer binding up the leg of his wounded charger. In a more subdued manner it also directs the attention of lum- bermen to the fact that Mr. cellent variety of lumbermen’s tools. Pink manufactures an ex- —The largest order for yellow pine ever placed with a single firm is said to have been recently awarded to the Lutscher & Moore Lumber Co., of Orange, Tex. The order is for 8,500,000 feet of all heart yellow pine, and was placed by the North Western Elevated Railway Co., of Chicago. The lumber will be shipped by water to New York, and by rail from there to Chicago. = ie <{ANUFACTURER SKILDDING TONGS CANT HOOK CLASP CLASP PEMBROKE, ONT. ak Enc Co Lumbermen's Supplies We are making a Specialty of Lumbermen’s Supplies, and are offering, with other goods, a good Japan Tea, Get a sample of this fine draw and make, at 12% cents. splendid Tea suitable for the Camp. H. P. Eokards & 60. WHOLESALE GROCERS TORONTO. GAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. DAVIDSON & AAY Wholesale Grocers TORONTO 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN The editor of the Review of Reviews, in the January number, ventures a brief fore- cast of the new year’s developments, in which he predicts the settlement of the Cuban, Turkish and Chinese problems of nationality and government, the rapid in- dustrial advancement of Japan, the still greater progress of European enterprise in Africa, the unprecedented hastening of railway-building in northern Asia, the lay- ing of two Pacific cables, the practical use of horseless carriages in Europe, the re- placing of steam by electricity on some important lines of railway, and valuable dis- coveries in medical and sanitary science. On the whole, the Review looks forward to a ‘‘hopeful and interesting new year.” ACENTS WANTED To sell Capt. Geo. S. Thompson’s New Book, Up-to-date or The Life of a Lumberman. (Profuse- ly illustrated), 2,000 copies sold already, and only out of the press two months. The first book ever written by a practical lumberman, des cribing the many inter- esting stages of Lumbering, and the hazardous life et those engaged in the woods and on the river. Ana tion in French will be out shortly. The book will fe mailed to anyone on receipt of $1.00. Address to GEO. S. THOMPSON, Care The Times Printing Co; Peterboro’, Ont. Good terms to agents. GHE a cae ee \ am The Eateck, the sd iveupeut and Best BrMep supp Op SOO OSGee LUMBBR, STAVES. HEADING, ETC. Write for Particulars to -~———>>>—_- JIS PARIMENTH EE, Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. MECAGHREN'5 IMPRED. fo HD SYSTEM UF t AIL DRYING. Saal OST of erecting, running and maintaining the lowest and results the highest of any dry kiln and drying system in the market. Green Elm, Ash, Whitewood, &c., for furniture dried in six days; only exhaust steam 10 hours per day used. NO CHECKING, WARPING OR CASE-HARDENING. THE MERCHREN HEATING & VENTILAT chit [DUPLEX | EX || AND < SUNG STEAM: ae POWER. Galt, Qaate: Nt CU. FEBRUARY, 1896 J. W. MAITLAND J. G. AINSILE———-W. STODART MAITLAND, RIXON & CO, OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Materia! kept in stock H. RIXON WE MAKE A Quotations furnished on application P. PAYETTE & CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill and Shingle Mill pes Machinery... Boilers and Boiler Fittings Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers Brass and Iron Castings Cant-Hook Handles, etc. Write for Terms and Prices. -- ae Nn Ue ONT. Galt Machine, Nnife Works MACHINE KNIVES rr Woodworking Machines - Send for Price List... PETER HAY -- -.+ - =) (alee OF EVERY DESCRIPTION to Advertise in the Canada Lumberman It Pays ypRA ULIC Wa bg The Northey Mig. Co. Ltd. TORONTO THE LAURIE ENGINE GO. - MONTREAL SoLE AGENTS FOR PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. "®apecrainy or LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, CEDAR AND HEMLOGK = | FEBRUARY, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ie oa ROBIN, SADLER & HAWORTH MANUFACTURERS OF OAK TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL AND TORONTO SS CD SHURLY & DIETRICH 3% [\anuracturers OF THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET CHEMIGAL PROCESS OF TEMPERING = : Our Silver Steel Saws are Uneaualled eee WHS I & PEHACHHY eee SEA CO nH, Om Tr. MANUFACTURERS OF ALLIGATOR wern. TUCS “te Se 5 662525252 525052 5252685250525 o5250525 75x STEAM ROAD MAKER ENGINES AND BOERS FOR STEAM YACHT >> SdW Mill MaGhinéry - - McFARLANE’S PATENT IMPROVED CANT DOGS WITH FORGED SOFT STEEL SOCKET (as shown in cut). (hae ENTIRELY NEW INVENTION-—the result of years of hard study i and a large expenditure of money. The aim has been to make a cant dog light enough to be easily handled, yet strong enough to meet the required strain. This, I am pleased to say, has been obtained in THE BOSS CANT DOG. It is fo ged of the best quality of material, manufactured with the latest improved machinery, and I invite an intelligent inspection of its merits and workmanship, guaranteeing it to be all that is ‘epre- sented. Made in three sizes, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3. No.1 is 23% in., No. 2 is 2% in., and No. 3 74 2 : k THE “SHANTY QUEEN" GAXE | oii 00s, 2nd aint ort eal eren gra es Of wor: ? rom _2*GAMPBELL BROS. me | festhitiatucl aby end for sample lo’ sedeyeme 3s Jonn, x. 5. | WALTER MCFARLANE aa WREEE, FOR PRICES —— | Write for price and discounts. = TORONTO. THE J.C.M¢LAREN BELTING C2 vontreat TELEPHONE 475 16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN mans the tite ofa book writen and pub- pea BAND Pied by Me Genes HIN] } PRE MARQUETTE \ X Fo Y SAWS efhe author HE comang > erent ea! | TL BREAK same tine gives much ora ee ampere Et LTC engi anorac ins Ox” | Pope HP al _, | SIXTEEN ort Huron and Detroit REASONS, RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 Ibs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. KEEP YOUR ~~ OPEN FOR OF NEW& 2"? )E4 OFFICES & WORKS AvJoINING NEW UNION STATIO BEST MAIN DRIVE. GUARANTEED. Sole Canadian Agents wt Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPEGTION BOOK oS Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the “Canada Lumberman.” => oa] Toronto, Canada C. H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 HE above is a fac simile of | the title page of the latest and most complete Lumber Inspection Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a copy on receipt of four Is the Short Line to SAGINAH AND BAY GITY (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) MI. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE AND MILWAUKEE, WIS. The last-named place reached by the Company's line of steamships across Lake Michigan. The line thus formed is a short and direct route from AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band. saws. Giving the reasons for breaking: analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner 0 properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origm to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. - The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and is handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. MONTREAL TORONTO and all Canadian Terntory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This road traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all directions : a market for every product of Forest and Field. The policy of the “F.& P. M.” is known to all travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. Generar Orrices: - SAGINAW, MICKA. LUMBERMEN ano MILL MEN! WHO WANT THE BEST Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. uw a FOR | in’ L T 3 Bain’s Heavy Log Trucks urnished with Steel or Cast Skeins, 334, 4, or 44% arms. Any width tire. Are well built of thoroughly seasoned timber, heavily ironed and well finished. Built of any capacity required. Are STRONG, DURABLE, and LIGHT running. A trial order will be most eonvineing. Satisfaction guaranteed. Write us for further information. Address all orders or inquiries to __—_) BAIN BROS. MFG. CO., Brantford, Ont. - DODGE PATENT... ... WOOD SPLIT PULLEYS FOR MODERN SAW-MILLS See What the Big Fellows say ==> ——<—— > BuELL, HurDMAN & Co., Lumber Manufacturers, Hutt, P. Q., CANADA, November 29, 1894. TuE DopcE Woop Sp.ir PULLEY Co., TORONTO, ONT. GENTLEMEN .—We take great pleasure in_ stating that we have a number of your wood split belt pulleys in our mills, and that they GIVE US EVERY SATISFACTION, and we CAN RECOM: MEND THEM HEARTILY. Also, if any of our neighbors in this section would like to see them in operation, we should be PLEASED TO SHOW THEM AT ANY TIME. Yours very truly, BuELL, HURDMAN & Co. 3 cent Canadian postage StAINPS :omee apc Goo ee eo O° THE (JANADA | UMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada SEND FOR CATALOGUE AND DISCOUNTS. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co. 68 King St. West, Toronto. : timbers underneath the floor. Fadetany, 1856 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN : Montreal Braneh, Brantford Branch, 345-347 St. James St. \W\ Ry 193 Colborne Street X. TORONTO | N | PANS we | KIN = = | 2 G ’ Y = = | ae Ne =~ : ©) r= = NA = =N - : Lp TARR Sr aren = \ \ awe |; : N - Lf — \ = SSS ( 1 | wee e LP 2 Y f | ‘ \ \ NB %, SS & 000000 DEALERS IN ccococooo°o New and Second-Hand Machinery of all kinds ; Engines, Boilers, (stationary and portable), Saw and Shingle Mills, Hoop and Lath Machinery “Welipse” PLANER. MATCHAER~» MOGLDER With ‘‘ROSS”’ Attachment for Special Smooth Planing Genuine SHIMER Matcher Heads & pany) ; (latest pattern) : The Sturtevant eure eee he ¢ Supplies of Every Ht ! R WiLL AMS Dry Kilns and Heating Apparatus Description ~~ Ue aay boa Electric and Water Motors “Reeves” PULLEYS, SHAFTING $ aes K AGHINE Y (() Dynamos and HANGERS Mention this paper. y A IMPROVED IRON FRAMES M ADE IN LOG JAOK WITH ENDLESS CHAIN DRIVEN BY INTERNAL FRICTION HE most powerful and smoothest- running Jack Works made. Easy to place in mill. » THIN il Can be placed on mill floor or on mM No crossed belt is required. LZ Can be stopped or started instantly, without a jar. F. J. DRAKE ae lle, ONT. Yr 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ’ - rs + FEBRUARY, 1896 Wholesale ep, Dealers in Poole & Hotchkiss PINE AND HARDWOOD LUMBER SHINGLES AND LATH ... CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED 270 West Genesee Street -H BUFFALO, N.Y. _. . STEARNS BROTHERS ... Patent Rossing Machine Why you should use this Rosser... .. It will do double the work of any other. It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. 7 zB It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark or block out. Itis a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. Alliron and steel, very simple and durable, It will ross knotty and uneven timber without waste. , It occupies about the same space as an ordinary planer. 4 You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. - MANUFACTURED BY - - - = EASTMAN LUMBER CO. BASTIMAN, QUE. COAL is money, why not save it by using the. . T. J.C. INJECTOR the most economical boiler feeder in the world. 20 vent. saved in coal over any other make. Absolutely automatic. Easily at- tached. Applicable to all kinds of boilers. NOT EXPENSIVE Will outwear any other make and is simple in construction. It is easy to operate, and is the most powerful feeder in the world. TheT.J.G.Iniector is the best because you cannot pos- sibly go wrong with it. With high or low steam the result is equally satisfactory. It combines the utmost simplicity with perfect efficiency, and any boy can operate it. PRICE LIST No. PRICE. Horse Power. 7 $ 7 00 4to 8 10 7 00 8 to 16 15 10 50 16 to 40 20 15 00 40 to 72 25 22 50 72 to 170 35 30 00 1.0 to 220 45 38 00 220 to 300 (LIMITED) J HAMILTON, ONT. THE CHATHAM GIANT LOG. TRUGK ay * T must be self-evident that our GIANT ARM LOG TRUCKS, of which the above is a faithful illustration, is the best log truck made; but if conclusive evidence of this is wanted we refer to every mill man and lumberman in the county of Essex, Ont., where millions upon millions of Elm logs are gotten out every year on them, and where these trucks sell readily, while those of other makes remain unsold at $5 to $10 less. — “i eg |) euatHam Meg G2 CHATHAM ONT. 7" | a) = \ | THE CHATHAM GIANT LOG AND LUMBER TRUCK As seen above it is a Lumber Truck, but it is quickly converted into a Log Truck by bunks which are grooved at the ends to receive the stakes and slip down between them. and are perforated for side or lug poles. We build these trucks in all sizes from 2% to 4 inch Malleable Giant Arms. Farmers all over are extensively adopting the lighter sizes as general purpose wagons. Ee In reference to above trucks we would call the attention of the reader to the accompanying illustration of VANALLEN’S PATENT GIANT ARM with whieh they are equip- ped. It will be seen that the hind bolster and sand-board are form- ed to rest upon the flat top of this arm, and being securely clipped to the axles forms a eomplete and solid truss and render the axles unbreakable and inflexible. Our Malleable Giant Arm farm and teaming Wagons have no equals on this continent, of which the judges on vehicles at the World’s Fair, Chieago, gave us an unqualified certificate in the shape of a GOLD MEDAL AND DIP- LOMA. GORRESPONDENGE SOLIGITED The Ghatham Mig. 60. lt. CHMAT HAM. oS THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FEBRUARY, 1896 Profit in Business Is the “Milk in the Cocoanut.”’ The cocoanut is a hard nut to crack. If you dont crack it right you spill the milk. So with Business. Business done in an improvident, not-up-to-date, unbusinesslike way, will soon spill the profits. Open the cocoanut properly, you save the milk. Equip your business properly, you save the profits. ENG) /V | S| j i ‘ os : : pa beth hy | Wy | AW i ——r* ——) ui 7 ay = IN TBS | Wi a : oF BI Sl a al aS GA" = | il | = ZB CT | i i) WATEROU | | sl ql He : a ee zai \ a a i eee OZ Ah). r W.E.W oo SEO) [ | re art lft. &} |) ml HC) =F “NEW ALLIS” BAND MILL Rear VIEW. Ricut Hanp Front VIEw. | es “NEW ALLIS” BAND MILL X | S / “NEW ALLIS” BAND MILL Lert Hanp Front VIEw. The 66 New Allis 99 Band Mill will squeeze profitable returns from stocks which competition and antiquated machinery had apparently wrung out dry. The profit resulting from its use has been found by one lumberman to be actually 19%, and many have had a similar experi- ence. Can you afford, in these days of slim profits, to waste this amount yearly? WRITE US TO-DAY. Waterous, Brantford, Canada 27 Allis Band Mills sold in Canada in the last 23 months. to Sa THE JAMES ee ora Se Ta | ' Lumber, Lathe Shingles sees ful ine of Ml Ay Sine, Babhit LUMBER IRUCK WES Rubber and Leather Pi gD Metal, &c., always; J I HIMES carried in stock. ———— SS BRAGEBRIDGE, ONT. Fd THE REID, O0, OF TOROHTD | accu, OI etl Za ee es Heh ; j LUMBER ~ Wholesale and Retail = GOAL, | 144 William St.¥ am St. John, N.B. Handle all kinds of Pine and Hardwood MONTREAL ; 6 dt Wh Lumber_.. 99 9 A LONG OAK BILLS A SPECIALTY 66 00. ipa oe Office : Corner King an and Berkeley Sts. a Dock: Foot of Berkeley St. ALL OUR SAWS Sal Ha ae | CIRCULAR, GANG AN ee FULLY WARRANTED gitar mie a atetore 30 00 1% wy 1,740 150 to 225 aS SEND FOR CATALOGUE ip i , LIGHT Ea? W.N. STIRLING ™sisantenr sip tae Cnt as4 22) aan : ST. JOHN, N.B. SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO Dennen LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHT AND POWER THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ALSO FOR sky ant en Bao ELECTRIG PLANTS FOR MILLS ana I A EI A Et One Dollar Ler Y Saxe Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED, ‘ qUR RERS OF Manuracl gCRIPTIONS OF vs Circular Mil): g ay Shingle Pung Concave. ee Cross-cut Billet Webs. peeve OTTAWA SAW WORKS GO. prooeS Ota Ont OT TAWA,ONT. WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS ‘ ; x , . ‘ re ‘ tel t 1 at K Par an, eye * . a bt . A > ee Lees ~~ i fe ae f vp Evde 48 ig = ea SS Tr pe oor Se ei eh deer arr eal 's ate ae ON) Aes Pa “ns Veg + or ; * ; iv : Hae tp = | ! Tl i Ht ull Hii —_ omy” VotumE XVII. NUMBER 3. TORONTO, ONT., MARGH, 1896 TERMS $1.00 PER YEAR IN USE BY Meee Leacine Governments BESG ANGI-FRICGION METAL FOR High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad Saw-mill, Cotton-mill Paper-mill, Woollen-mill, Silk-mi Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour mill PEGASO PAGEIO, DALE NGPSGOQOEIS WG BREARINGS ee Gy 1) A NH AL, COW tiers <=_a—-—_—_ Manufacturers LONDON OFFICE: 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET CHICAGO OFFICE: TRADERS’ BUILDIN MONTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS 74 Cortlandt St.. NEW YORK is the only machine in the market that will reface Steam Valves in position 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE AUTOMATIC INJECTOR... Should be in every Lumber Mill : PENBERTHY WATER GAGES Oy OOO Engineers have used it, and de- OIL C clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. ARE THE ee q CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION Branch Factory : von: DVENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. DETROIT, MICH. nites Reseating Outfit. DARLING Be aaRs MANUFACTURERS . ‘¢ Reliance Works,’”’ - MONTREAL. | Cc. C, CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons CVVVVVVSVVISVVVSSVVVAETVAO G. F. CLEVELAND Sil Ss id CANADA TOOL WORKS J. L. Goodhtie x 60. For Repairing DUNDAS = ONTARIO. MANUFACTURERS OF BAND SAYA S. fe This esee Price $1.00 per ounce, in zo ounce lots Any one desiring a good Second- Hand Tool, should [FATHER BELTING eee. write us for prices. Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. ano LACE LEATHER DMaimvastle, Que. 1 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT MANUFACTURING JEWELERS | P. W. ELLIS & CO., ; gms THE BURNS’ = | CIRCULAR & | P grey RBURNS <4 BU URNS a : yy “ATenr ay "THE: CANADA NSO ee ea Marcu, 1896 THE NEW PRESOOG Rs Jaxx & aioe Sa VW Weu Se nin ss MTU LCA — fe ; i Z a “ii | ! W\G ec ) | Salad | = y i TU j | ! — wi Tins S ! = | ju ye, VA (ess Menai | | | | j f = il | ce Sir i) |E ee = SS al aval | = Wr Ss“ | 3S i . \ | BRS SRAM AOA SS SESS. S MONO a PES GCE AAQAAQAAA SASAKI AAA BTAYA : UY SAA AAA $Q MQ AAAA AA THE WM. HAMILTON MEG. CO. Ltp. - ncn BOOTEN om ‘This does not include sales of T#E CANADA LUMBERMAN Votume XVII. NuMBER 3. TORONTO, ONT., MARGH, 1896 ) Terms,$1.00 PER YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF 5 INTERIOR. Tue annual report of the Department of In- terior was presented to the Dominion Parliament on the 11th ultimo. Owing to the early meeting of the session the report covers only the first ten months of the year 1895. The revenue from timber, mineral, and grazing lands was shown to be $73,620. 28, as compared with $90,584.46 for the corresponding time in 1894. lands containing minerals. The timber dues received amounted to $58,360.94, being a decrease of $7,357.14 as compared with the previous year. Of the revenue derived from timber, $16,- 642.34 was for bonuses, ground rents, royalties, and dues on timber cut from lands in the railway belt in the province of British Colum- bia, being a decrease of $3,186.68. The total revenue received from timber in Manitoba and the North- west Territories up to the 31st of October, 1895, was $1,080,047. 10, and the total revenue from timber within the railway belt in British Columbia up to the same date was $267,541.55- During the first ten months of 1895, 30,010,491 feet of lumber were manufactured from timber cut under license in Manitoba, the North-west Territories, and with- in the railway belt in the province of British Columbia. In the Win- nipeg agency, which comprises Manitoba and portions of Assini- boia and Saskatchewan, the fol- lowing quantities of lumber were staff of forest rangers, have completed the selec- tion of lands valuable for timber at Turtle and Moose Mountains, which are to be set apart as timber reservations with the view of securing a continuous supply for the future needs of the settlers. Work is proceeding at Riding Moun- tain with the same object in view. The prairie fires during last summer were more THE CIRCUMLOCUTION OFFICE. Harpwoop LumsBer Mitt Man:—‘ Sir Oliver, we want you to send a competent man to Europe to see if a market cannot be obtained for Canadian Hardwood more tions and improvements made by them for the purpose of floating saw logs and other timber down the river. The question raised by the appellants was whether they came within the provisions of the R.S.O., ch. 120, which are taken from 47 Vic., ch. 17, an Act passed in consequence of the litigation in McLaren v. Cald- well, 6 A.R. 456; 9. App. Cas. 392, which estab- lished the right of the public to float streams during the season of fresh- timber and logs ' down ets, even if such streams were rendered floatable only by means of improvements made by the owner of the bed of the stream, and to use such improvements The ap- pellants contend that their mill- without compensation. dam was an improvement within the meaning of the Act, for the use of which by others they were entitled to payment of reasonable tolls. were opposed in the interest of The application and appeal other lumbermen, on two grounds, viz. : (1) that the Little Bob, not being a navigable stream, and the channel being the property of the Dominion Government, and part of the property and public works of Canada, was not within the legislative authority of the prov- ince, or subject to the provisions of the Rivers and Streams Act; and (2) that, even if it was, the improvement in question was one which, by sec. 20 of the Act, was excluded from its operation as coming within the third and fourth sections of the Act respecting mills and mill-dams. R.S.O., ch. 118. Held, that the dam in ques- sold : favorable for this important industry than the present American market, which is tion being a mill-dam, built by the Feet. played out. You ought to do this, as the lumber trade is a valuable contributor to : Canadian pine from Lake of the Woods. . 34,000,000 the Provincial Exchequer.” appellants for the purpose of their Canadian pine from Fort William ....-. 000,000 on a 2 ‘ : 3 Canadian spruce manufact’d in Manitoba 12,559,083 Sir OLIveR:—“ A very striking state of affairs, truly! Be good enough to just mill, and not intended, except as United States pine ...-..- -.eeyeee ees 6,776,518 drop the whole thing in here ? incident to that, to facilitate the British Columbia products(approximately) 10,000,000 It will be noticed that the quan- tity of lumber exported from the United States into Canada was small when com- pared with that of Canadian manufacture, and notwithstanding the fact that the product from the United States comes in free of duty. dian millmen are supplying the country with Cana- lumber at a price which largely shuts out Ameri- can competition. Approximately 60,000 cords of wood were sold at Winnipeg, the price for car lots being at the rate of $3.50 per cord for tamarac and spruce, and $2.00 for poplar. Of the above quantity, only 2,318 cords were imported from the United States. - The crown timber agent at Winnipeg and his [Gentlemen of the lumber trade, you'd never get it out of that bag again. Take our advice and send a man yourself !—Ep. LUMBERMAN. ] numerous than in former years, but no forest fires of any consequence occurred, with the exception of one at Moose Mountain. INTERESTING LEGAL DECISION. Re Lirtie Bos River Dam anv SLipE.—Judg- ment on appeal by Messrs. Boyd and Company, from order and judgment of the judge of the County Court of Peterborough dismissing an application made by them under sec. 13 of R.S.O., ch. 120, an Act for protecting the public interest in rivers, streams, and creeks, to fix the amount which they may be at liberty to charge for tolls under the Act, for the use of construc- floating or transmission of logs and timber, the effect of sec. 20 of the Rivers and Streams Act was to exclude them from its operation, and to leave them simply in the position and subject to the burdens of the mill-dam owner under R.S.O., ch. 118, the stream being one of the characters men- tioned in the 20th section of that Act. No opinion expressed as to whether the stream or channel is, or is not, one subject to the provincial legislation. Appeal dismissed without costs. LT The Vock planing mill in Mitchell, Ont., was offered for sale by public auction by the assignee of the estate, but was withdrawn, the highest bid not covering the amount of the mortgage. + THE CANADA LUMBEEMAN MARCH, 1896 —- THE FORESTS AND FOREST TREES OF CANADA, On the 25th January, Dr. Robert Bell, of the Geological Survey of Canada, delivered an inter- esting lecture on the above subject, under the auspices of the Canadian Institute, Toronto. The lecture was well illustrated by about sixty fine lantern slides from photographs taken by Dr. Bell himself, and it was listened to by a large BLACK SPRUCE FOREST, UPPER PART OF THE ALBANY RIVER, NORTHERN ONTARIO. and intelligent audience. Dr. Bell said that throughout the greater part of British North America the conditions were very favourable for forest growth and hence we have one of the most extensive wooded regions on the face of the earth. In nearly every part of the world, if there be sufficient moisture and a climate not too severe, forests will be found growing on any uncultivated land. In Canada the original forest covered Ontario, Quebec, the maritime provinces, most of the Labrador peninsula, the country around the southern half of the Hudson Bay, British Columbia was also a wooded province. The and thence north-westerly to Alaska. southern parts of our North-west Territories were prairie and plain, and this condition was princi- The northern regions were ‘‘barren lands” or .destitute of pally due to the dryness of the air. timber, on account of the severity of the climate, although the soil itself was often well adapted to the growth of trees. The great northern forest-belt of Canada, con- sisting mostly of conifers, stretched with a gentle southward curve from the east coast of Labrador, past Hudson Bay to Alaska, a distance of some 4,000 miles, and it had a breadth of about 700 miles. As we go south, the number of species of trees increases rapidly, but the range of each new kind we meet with becomes narrower and nar- rower on account of the contraction of the con- tinent in this direction and the encroachment of the arid regions of the south-western parts of the United States and of Mexico. In the great northern forest above referred to, the black and the white spruces are the most abundant trees. The spruce forests may be said to begin on the northern shores of Lakes Super- ior and Huron, and along a line drawn from Lake Nipissing to Quebec, and from this, as a base, they extend northward to the Hudson Bay, north-eastward into the Labrador peninsula, and Alaska. Their northern boundary is the northern verge of the forests. On the west side of Hudson Bay, this line runs north-west from near Fort Churchill to the mouth of the McKenzie river. All through the southern portions of this belt the white spruce, which is north-westward to the larger tree of the two, often measures six feet and upwards in girth, and would furnish two or three good saw-logs to the tree. What the black spruce lacks in size it makes up in numbers, as these trees generally grow very closely together. Although Professor Asa Gray, the great American botanist, did not point out the specific difference between these two spruces, there is no doubt they are quite distinct species and the distinction is easily recognized by anyone accustomed to our northern trees. In all, there are about 340 different kinds of trees in North America, which represents a wealth of species unequalled in any other part of the world. Of this large number, we have in Canada 121 species, of which nearly 100 are found east of the Rocky mountains. In striking contrast with this, it was mentioned that there are only about fourteen different species of trees native to the British Islands, and only about twenty-five to all Europe. A large map of Canada was thrown upon the screen which showed the northern limit of the geographical distribution of each of the principal Most of these lines ran about east and west, or rudely forest trees east of the Rocky mountains. parallel to one another, but there were some remarkable ex- ceptions, such as the white cedar, the Banksian pine, the yellow birch, and the rough - barked The pe- culiarities in the poplar. ranges of these trees might be due to such caus- es as extremes of temperature, to dryness or damp- affect of cold sea air, orig- ness, inal dispersion, or to some un- known circum- stance. In ap- * proaching the prairies of the North-west, the northern limits of the tree lines CAN. PHOTO-ENGIBL), don mio end abruptly, as if the prairies had been formed by the burning away of just this much of a former extension of the wooded region, but they begin to curve round and run off to the south before coming to. the open country, showing that the origin of the prairies and plains was due to climatic condi- tions and not to forest fires. From James bay the northern boundary of the white cedar runs west to the head waters of the Severn river and then drops south into Minnesota, passing along near the east side of the Red river. To the east of James bay, after reaching the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, it drops south, crossing the other tree lines at right angles and leaving out Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, although the climatic conditions appear to be as favorable for it there as in the Gaspe’ peninsula where it is In the central part of the great Lab- rador peninsula there is a large area, from which abundant. the balsam-poplar appears to be absent, although abundant all around it, as if the proximity of the sea were favorable for it. On the other hand the Banksian pine grows only in the central and southern parts of this peninsula, as if it shunned the sea air. These were only a few examples of the peculiarities in the distribution of some of our trees. The trees of Canada, east of the Rocky moun- tains, might be divided into three groups as to their geographical range : first, a northern group of very wide extent, including the tamarac, the black and the white spruce, balsam fir, Banksian pine, balsam-poplar, aspen, white or canoe birch, alder and willow; second, a middle group, including the red and white pines, hemlock, white cedar, the different species of ash, elm, maple, oak, the beech, butter-nut, bitter hickory, yellow and black birch, ironwood, black cherry, basswood, etc.; and third, a southern group, including the red cedar, the black walnut, chest- nut, shellbark hickory, button-wood, blue beech, tulip-tree, sassafras, flowering dogwood,sourgum, {2 * 2 &, ' 5 NO > ~mnectith lh! Lo moet AE Ee WuiTeE PINE TREES ON A LAKE NEAR STURGEON RIVER, ONTARIO. etc., found only or principally in the southern part of the lake peninsula of Ontario. A fourth or western group would consist of such trees as the negundo or ash-leafed maple, the_ cotton- wood, bur oak, green ash, etc., but the number Marcu, 1896 of species was small and it might not be worth while to form them into a separate division rank- ing with the the other groups. From the above facts we are not surprised to find that the trees of any district constitute a good indication of its climate. Indeed, they are a far better guide than long tables of meteorologi- cal observations. Locally, they also give us some indication of the nature of the soil, but this is of very limited application and may be mis- leading. For example, a fine maple and beech forest, which usually indicates good land, often grows among boulders, or on flat limestone rocks ; and, on the other hand, we have the finest lands in the west where there are no maples or beeches, nor indeed trees of any kind. The lecturer next referred to the splendid forests which formerly covered the lake peninsula ot Upper Canada, where, on almost any farm: lot of 100 or 200 acres, before it was cleared, one might count fifty or more species of native trees. This Canada of ours used to be contemptuously called a ‘‘ wooden country,” and the trees were looked upon as the enemies of the settler, but it did not require many years to change all that, and now the splendid trees of valuable timber which were so indiscriminately and recklessly destroyed, if they had been spared, would be worth more than the land itself to-day. As yet no steps worth mentioning had been taken in Canada to replant trees or to cultivate forests. In fact, we are only beginning to try to prevent waste in lumbering, or even the need- less wholesale destruction of forests by fires. There were, however, fires of a certain kind, es- pecially in our extensive northern forests, over which we had but little control, namely, those caused by lightning, and which were described as a natural phenomenon that had existed from time immemorial, or-ever since there were forests at all. Some of the trees themselves afforded proof of this. starts in the northern coniferous forest, it often During the dry season, when a fire burns with extraordinary rapidity, destroying the timber of a district more than one hundred miles in diameterinlessthanaday. The greater part of these northern forests had been burnt at one period or another. A year or two after such a fire has passed over, young trees begin to grow, and at the end of a century the ground is again covered by a respectable growth, and in the course of another hundred years the trees are as large as those which had been destroyed. In any large district in the northern woodlands, patches of ‘‘ second growths” of different ages, as well as newly burnt tracts, may be seen—some quite young, some half grown, and others ap- parently of mature age. The old woods are sometimes called the original forest, but there is no certainty that any part has escaped the fire at some period. Taken as a whole, the northern forest region may perhaps consist of one-third fresh or nearly fresh brule’ and brush-wood under ten years of age, one-third of second growths, from ten to one hundred years old, and one-third of trees over this age, or old timber. ‘It sometimes happens that the different areas which have been burnt at various times are not very large, and in such a region, the country, if viewed from a mountain top, has a ‘‘ patchy” appearance, as the various second growths look different from -each other, according to their ages. By observing carefully all the stages of THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ; growth of these new forests, we may perceive why the trunks of the conifers are tall and nearly free from branches. At first the rapidly growing deciduous trees, such as the poplars, alders, wil- lows and birches, cover the ground and conceal the slower growing conifers. But after a time these begin to show their tops above the former in increasing numbers, and they gradually gain the ascendency. Meantime the less favored or less vigorous of the poplars, birches, etc., die off and disappear, and by the time the remainder of this class have become old, the conifers have overshadowed them, and they mostly decay and fall down, and the forest has now got back to the condition we started with when the fire oc- curred. This is nature’s rotation of crops of trees. Further south, forest fires are more rare, and the pines take the place of the northern coni- fers; and other trees, such as the oaks, the maples, beech, basswood, elm, etc., replace the northern deciduous trees, and the growth of a new forest is slower, but in the end the result is generally the same, namely, an alternation of coniferous and deciduous forests. Sometimes we have a permanent ‘‘ mixed woods” and in other large tracts the ground is always occupied by deciduous trees alone, and in such regions forest fires never occur, except where the soil is poor and the vegetable mould light and dry, as on the Manitoulin islands. The lecturer next spoke of the commercial Although we had already lost much by the ill-advised destruction of our value of our forests. choicest kinds of timber in the hasty clearing of the land in Southern Ontario, and although there had also been much waste of white and red pine in this and the other provinces, still our forest resources were immense, and they should be better looked after in the future. member of a committee appointed by the Royal Society to urge this matter upon the Dominion Government. The principal difficulty was the want of the means to enforce any good laws or The Do- minion and Provincial Governments should pro- He was a regulations which may be enacted. vide more power for carrying out the law. A few years ago our vast northern forests were not generally thought to have any value, and their destruction was not considered to be of, any consequence. But now that spruce and similar wood is becoming valuable for paper-making, we perceive one of the many possible uses of these inexhaustible forests in the future. Not many years ago a vague idea was prevalent in Canada that the white and red pine extended in- definitely to the north, the west and the east. But from actual exploration we now know that these trees are comparatively southern in their habit, and that they have a very limited range compared with most of our other conifers. The transparancies which were thrown upon the screen while Dr. Bell was delivering his lec- ture, illustrated the different phases of our forest growths. These photographs were from slides by the lecturer himself, and by way of contrast, views were shown of the prairies of the west and of the barren lands of the north. He also showed by means of lantern slides his photo- graphs of typical examples of most of our trees as they grow in the forests, where they havea very different appearance from those grown in the open. It had been no easy matter for Dr. Bell to obtain these photographs, as the trees, after having attained their growth in the thick woods, required to be exposed in such a way as to enable him to photograph them. Our illustrations are from two of Dr. Bell’s photographs. One represents the black spruce woods near the Albany river, which forms the northern boundary of Ontario, and the other white pines on a lake near Sturgeon river, in the district of Nipissing. HON. CLIFFORD SIFTON, COMMISSIONER OF CROWN LANDS FOR MANITOBA, Hon. Clifford Sifton, Attorney-General and Provincial Lands Commissioner for Manitoba, is a native of Ontario, having been born in London Township, Middlesex County, on the roth of March, 1861. His parents, who are still living and reside in Winnipeg, are Hon. John W. Sif- ton, formerly speaker of the Manitoba Legisla- ture, and Kate Sifton, whose maiden name was Watkins. He received his education at the Lon- don High School and at Victoria University, Cobourg, where he was awarded honors and the gold medal. . After graduating from college, he Hon. CLIFFORD SIFTON. entered the office of Mr. S. C. Biggs, barrister, of Winnipeg, to study law. the bar he removed to Brandon, where he has practised his profession continuously ever since, On being called to and has succeeded in building up an extensive connection. He has never taken part in muni- cipal affairs, except that he was appointed City Solicitor for Brandon and of the Western Judical Board. In 1883 Mr. Sifton was elected to the Provin- cial Legislature, and was sworn a member of the Executive Council and appointed Attorney-Gen- eral upon his re-election in 1891. He is consid- ered one of the ablest speakers in the House, if not in the Dominion. His Attorney-General was received with universal appointment as satisfaction, and he has proven himself well worthy of the high honor. Crown Lands his executive ability has also been of high order, although the extent of these lands in the province which he represents is not large. In religion he is a Methodist, being a trustee of the church to which he belongs. disposition and popular with all. On the 13th of August, 1884, Mr. Sifton was married to Miss Burrows, of Ottawa. As Commissioner of He is of retiring ‘thy 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN fi. 0, at eae | Marcu, 1896 — MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INsuRANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LumBerMAN Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the 1st day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance....... $1.00 One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... .50 Foreign Subscriptions, $1.50 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of. this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate zeport net only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanapA LumeBerMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to “‘ WanTEeD” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce: ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. ee eae VALUE OF CANADIAN SPRUCE FORESTS. Dr. Bell in his very interesting lecture before the Canadian Institute recently on ‘‘ The Forest and Forest Trees of Canada,” a synopsis of which we are enabled to print in this number, re- fers to the fact that there are in Canada no less than 121 species of native trees. Until recentlythe general supposition was that the bulk of our for- est area was covered by white pine, and to this source we must look for our forest revenues. Dr. Bell in his lecture makes clear the fact that white pine inhabits only the southern part of our but proportion to the illimitable forests of spruce which extend from Hudson’s Bay to Labrador. northern territory, and bears a small Mr. Archibald Blue in a lecture still more re- cently delivered at the Canadian Institute, ex- presses the no doubt well founded opinion that there exists an extensive area of spruce lands in the unexplored northern parts of the Province of Quebec. greater part of the forest area existing in Canada This tim- ber is of the finest quality, and has been found to In fact it would appear that much the to-day is covered with spruce timber. be particularly adapted for use in the manufac- ture of paper. The present would seem to be the proper time to place a true estimate on the value of our spruce forests, in order that we may not permit their wanton destruction, as in the case of the magnificent hardwood and pine forests of which The white pine we still possess has depreciated in value we were the possessors a generation ago. to some extent on account of the growing diffi- culty of disposing of the low grades of lumber in competition with southern pine. On the other hand the indications point to a rapidly increasing demand and value for spruce. The principal demand at present is from the pulp manufact- urers who supply the paper mills. The extent of this demand can in some measure be guaged by the statement that an average of 100 cords of spruce per day is required in the manufacture of the paper used by the New York Daily World, and for the Christmas edition of that paper alone 230 tons of ground pulp, representing 310 cords, or 200,000 feet of spruce logs, were required. As an indication of the growth of demand in Canada the value of exports of pulp wood from Port Arthur, Ont., increased from $80,000 in 1890 to half a million dollars in 1895. It is not alone in the manufacture of paper how- ever that the future demand for spruce is likely to come. In Norway the manufacture of roofing tile from pulp has been commenced. The new product is said to be meeting with favor, inasmuch as it combines lightness with extreme durability, is not subject to contraction and expansion, and is Its use is also advocated as a substitute for stone for build- cheaper than slate or clay goods. ing purposes. Combined with coloring matter it has been successfully applied as a paint for steel ships and metallic surfaces, being found im- At Haverhill, Mass., it is being used in the manufacture of shoe heels. pervious to heat and dampness. It is thus evident that wood pulp is adapted for a great variety of purposes; it is therefore equally evident that a few years hence spruce wood will in all probability be largely in demand at profitable prices. Canada is there- fore fortunate in being one of the few countries in which are to be found extensive forests of spruce, and our people should as far as possible preserve these forests in view of their coming value. CUT-OFFS, THE subject of the utilization of our forest pro- ducts, now wasted, is of as great moment to us as the forests themselves. We waste altogether mills. It is true a great deal of defective timber is made into shingle bolts and shingles, and that in some of the large mills they cut the largest and best of their edgings in- to lath, but no one who has visited the mills of the country can fail to be struck with the im- mense waste that ought to be utilized in some too much in our saw manner. As it is now, it actually costs a large sum every year to destroy this material, which we think has some value. Even if it only pro- duced the cost of the labor, necessary to collect and pile it and put it on cars, or saw it into sizes, etc., it would be much better than seeing it burnt as now is done. For instance, a builder wants to trim a house that he is building. He wants the casing for say 25 to roo doors. The usual sizes of doors are 2'6" x 6'6", 2'8’ x 6'8”, 2’10’ x 6’ 10” and 3/x7’, so he will require enough casing of the above length and widths to trim two sides of that number of doors. As it is now, he goes to the factory man, who buys from the dealers lumber, all 12, 14 and 16 feet long, and 4 ft. and up wide, which he has to cut to the width and length required by the builder for his doors. If he could buy stuff in the rough, cut 1 x 5 x 3 ft. and 4 x 7 ft., 1x6 ft. of same length, he would do so, and be glad to get it, as it would save him extra work in ripping to widths and waste in cut- ting off odd lengths; and besides, the mill man could afford to sell such stuff cheaper than the regular sizes as it would otherwise be wasted. There are also uses for much smaller stuff, such as corner blocks 4%, 5, 514 and 6” square; door stiles, 11%”, 1%”, and 2” thick, by 4% to 6” wide and 7’ long; door rails 11% to 2” thick, by 4%" to 6” wide, 22” to 26” long—also 10” wide of same length, and 8” wide of same lengths; blind and sash stiles, 114” thick by 214" wide, by any lengths; door panels, any thickness (for resaw- ing) x 8, 10, and 12 inches wide by 20 and 4o inches long. These panels can be sawn plump ¥% inch thick, and what will not pass for panels would make good box shooks. All this stuff can be taken from the waste now going into the burner of the ordinary mill. We have seen slabs come into Toronto that would have made a large percentage of first-class door stock, had it been properly handled. This refers to the hardwood business as well as the pine—in fact, more so, as there is a mar- kt for all grades of pine from dead culls up, as long as it is 4inches and up wide, and 10 feet long, but in hardwood the lower grades and the heart lumber is practically unsaleable. There is a great deal of the low grades that could be cut in- to small and short stuff and made clear, that now There are so many purposes for which small hardwood is used that there should be much more of it made to the sizes required by the factory man and furni- ture manufacturer. There is in Massachusetts a section about thirty-five miles square that has nearly 100 chair factories, who use an immense quantity of small oak, ash, birch, and maple, in sizes of from one inch square to 2 inches square and from ten to forty inches long, for spindles, legs, etc., and for seats 1” x 4” wide, x12%’, 16%” x 18%" long. They usually require the squares to be cut to sizes and lengths called for piled up so as to dry out brightt and straight, and when dry to be tied up into bundles, and the seat stuff to be cut in sets and be shipped in that way. This stuff is furnished largely by the mills in goes into culls or into the burner. Virginia and Tennessee, and the Southern mill men are making a specialty of furnishing this small piece stock to manufacturers of furniture, sewing machines, etc. Why should not our mill men do the same? One reason is that they are not careful to cut their stuff exactly to sizes required, and this would be fatal to their success. If a piece is required 3” x 3” and is furnished 214” x 21%" at one end, by 34x 234” at the other, as is often the case here, it had better be put into the burner or cull pile. But with properly made stuff there should be a great deal saved that is now wasted, and we believe fair prices could be realized for such stuff. It only remains for some mill owner to make a start in this direction. There are doubtless numbers of factory men and furniture manufacturers here who would be glad to get stuff with a minimum of waste. It would save their money in stock, in yard room and labor, and also in the price of the material itself, and the mill man would be realizing something for material which he is now at an expense to destroy. How shall they be brought together ? We would be glad to hear from any parties who will cut this stuff, and also from those wanting such, and would do our best to bring producer and consumer together for their mutual benefit and to prevent such waste as we now witness. es Marcu, 1896 HE CANADA LUMBERMAN : EDITORIAL NOTES. Our Pacific coast lumbermen will no doubt be interested in the announcement that after June goth, next, rough or dressed lumber will be ad- mitted into New South Wales, Australia, free of duty. Aconsiderable trade has already been done with that country by the lumbermen of the west, and the removal of the duty should materi- ally increase its volume. Tue commission appointed by the United States government to report on the project to construct a water way across the Nicaragua isthmus, have declared a more thorough investi- gation necessary before even the engineering possibility of the work can be decided upon. The report is at great variance with the numer- ous rumors and predictions which from time to time have been published concerning this project. The commission place a provisional estimate of cost at $133,472,893, or nearly double that of the Maritime Coal Company’s unconditional esti- mate. The report may be considered rather un- favorable to the execution of the work. Tue war cloud has reappeared on the Euro- pean horizon, much to the disgust of those who have been looking forward to improved trade conditions. occasion a demand for certain kinds of materials, therefore benefitting a few individuals, their greatest influence is in the direction of unsettling While warlike preparations may conditions and retarding the progress of trade. There is little doubt that our export timber trade with Europe, the outlook for which has been brightening for some time past, would be ad- versely affected by a European war, in which Great Britain, Germany, and perhaps France— three of our best customers—would be involved. Let the dogs of war be chained up, and the bat- tle fought out on commercial lines. Tue cedar shingles of Maine and New Bruns- wick are meeting competition from the Michigan mills. The shingles of Michigan are said to be of equally good quality, and not excelled by any in the market. The freight from Michigan to eastern points is about fifty cents per thousand, which is only a slight increase on the cost of freight from New Brunswick and _ Boston. Although enormous quantities of shingles are produced by New Brunswick and the above men- tioned States, no heavy stocks are held over at the end of the year. The supply being only equal to the demand, there is no necessity for cutting prices, and an effort should be made to reach an understanding by which such cutting would be avoided. Tue advantages of organization are strikingly manifest in the case of the manufacturers of southern pine. Prior to organization the market for yellow pine was in a demoralized condition. To-day prices are being firmly maintained by means of the united action of the Manufacturers’ Associations, which include 85 per cent. of the mills. Similar results are likely to be achieved by the recent organization of mill owners on the Pacific coast. It is surely not assuming too much to say that what has been done in the south and in British Columbia can also be accom- plished in Eastern Canada. Is there not at least sufficient encouragement to justify an effort being made in this direction? As somebody must take the initiative, we would suggest that the pro- moters of the Western Ontario Lumber Manu- facturers’ Association, to which reference was made in last month’s issue, should endeavor to set the ball rolling. LARGE quantities of rock elm are now being used This indus- try is rapidly increasing in Canada, and prom- in the manufacture of bicycle rims. ises to provide a home market for a considerable quantity of first class elm. Two firms have re- cently commenced the manufacture of bicycles in the vicinity of Toronto, which will no doubt re- The re- quirements of the stock, however, are such that lumber dealers find little profit in filling the or- ders. The least indication of brashness, or of cross- sult in a considerable local demand. grain, will at once condemn the lumber. It must be of the toughest possible kind, perfect in color, and thoroughly straight. Such stock com- mands a high figure, but considering the rigid inspection which is necessary, the margin of profit is small. White birch lumber is as yet a staple article, the bright outlook for that wood which was predicted a little less than two years ago, has to some extent disappeared. No one believed for a moment that it would replace oak or mahog- any as a furniture wood, but it was used to imi- tate those woods, and met with considerable favor for the cheaper lines of furniture. Its use for this purpose has not proven satisfactory, how- ever, owing to the fact that instead of becoming darker and more beautiful in color with age, it becomes lighter. Birch has also suffered some- what during the past year from competition with cheap African mahogany. Nevertheless, a limited quantity will always be in demand, and unless too much is manufactured, birch should find a ready sale at fair prices. CompLaints have recently been made by set- lers that forests on the- American side of the boundary have been denuded of timber by Can- adians, and that millions of dollars worth of lum- ber have been stolen during the past few years. The matter has been referred to the Secretary of the Interior. It is claimed by Canadian papers published along the border that if the timber was stolen, the American people did it, and sold it to Canadians, who considered it none of their con- cern whether the U. S. timber regulations had been complied with or not. If such an amount of timber was stolen, it does not speak well for the officers whose duty it was to protect the property. Another claim from the United States comes in the form of a boundary dispute, brought by the Congressional representative of Minnesota, by which claim is laid by that State to an island or islands in Rainy river, which both the Am- erican and Canadian governments have hitherto It is held that Minnesota has been the loser in territory by the erroneous location of the boundary line by the The land in those days was thought to possess little value, but is regarded as belonging to Canada. English commission of 1842. now found to be rich in timber and minerals. For fifty-four years this boundary line has been accepted as correct by both countries, and can- not surely be open to be challenged now, when such changes in physical conditions may have taken place as to render the correct boundary line somewhat uncertain. THE LUMBER COMBINE ON THE PACIFIC COAST {Special correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN]. THE recent lumber combine, which practically embraces all the mills on the Pacific coast has been accomplished, after a long, patient, and persevering struggle. Although for some time it has been known that such a combination was under process of formation, it was not untila few days ago that the details were published and the real strength of the combine was known. The mills inthe combination are all exporters, and, therefore, the local markets are not affected and the conditions of local supply not altered. There are somewhere between 4o and 50 mills in British Columbia, large and small, in operation. There are only four in the combine. The big McLaren-Ross mills are not in operation, and are not likely to open up until the prices and demand considerably improve. Unless a mill like the foregoing, which is equipped on a large scale, can run full capacity and full time, expenses are too heavy to make a profit, and the McLaren—Ross Co. has wisely decided to wait until conditions suit them. As toall the details of the arrangement the public has The object is to maintain prices above the ruinous competitive not been taken into the confidence of the mill men. rates of the past four or five years, and the machinery is said to be very elaborate, far reaching and effective. It necessarily includes the retail dealers of outside markets, who, if they buy from others outside of the combine, at The effect of this will be to cause the mills outside of the combine to keep up to lower prices, will be dropped. the market price as arranged, the expectation being that they will not be strong enough to work by themselves. Of course there are many difficulties to overcome in carrying out an unbroken plan on such a large scale, and it will demand the utmost good faith on the part of all concerned. There are numerous conditions to observe, and many interests to take into consideration, and it is certainly a question for speculation if it can continue to Besides the mills there are operate successfully. 150 ships under control. The trust represents an actual capi- tal of over $70,000,000, and an annual output of about 600,000,000 feet. a thousand, and certainly there is much greater activity There are 12 or 15 ships waiting to load, witha number on the The effect has been to raise prices $2 observable in Burrard Inlet than for some time. way. It is claimed that wages and the price of logs will advance, and that is a matter of the very greatest im- portance to us from an industrial point ofview. The log- gers have suffered a good deal; in fact, the depression has been very severe, and prices very low. Loggers, like mill men, have been losing money. A local paper discussing the situation says: ‘The relation between the loggers and the lumbermen are extremey complicated. Some of the mills have log- ging facilities of their own, and hence are not wholly de- pendent on loggers for their supply. At the same time it is known that some of this very class of mills have done their logging work at a loss. On the other hand, few of the loggers have disengaged capital enough to think of embarking in the mill business on their own account. Even if this should be done in a few isolated cases, or jointly by a logger’s association, it could not be done on such a scale as to utilize the entire supply of logs. It will be seen, therefore, that while a sharp line of distinction has been drawn between the two industries, they are more or less dependent on each other. At present neither is inclined to make war on the other, and perhaps it is not putting it too strongly to say that neither is very much disposed towards co-operating with the other, at least so far as any organic connection is concerned. The log- gers are going ahead quietly, prosecuting their work of organization week by week. They expect by March rst to have their business as a whole in more systematic shape than it has ever been. It will not be part of their plan to levy on the mill men for an advance in price, but it is in the wind that they may curtail the supply So as to avoid glutting the market, and thus indirectly prevent the loss at which so many logs have been cut.” The above applies to the situation as a whole on the of the loggers, during the dull coast. In order to protect the interests about which there was much complaint times, the Government has appointed official log scalers, whose duty it is to scale logs offered for sale to the mills. Apart from the combine altogether the trade in lumber is improving, and in all probability would continue to im- prove, but no doubt the situation has been greatly strengthened asa result. It is to be hoped that a new era for the lumbering industry in British Columbia has Set in. It has been a long and hard struggle for all con- cerned. In the past four or five years export mills, if not working at an actual loss, have made no profit. Local trade up to within the past three years was good, but sub- sequently demand has been limited and competition ex- tremely keen. The North-west trade, too, was very un- satisfactory. It now gives prospect of considerable improvement. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Marcu, 1896 WESTERN RETAIL LUMBERMEN’S ASSO- CIATION. PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH ANNUAL CONVENTION. Tue fifth annual meeting of the Western Re- tail Lumbermen’s Association was held in Win- nipeg on Wednesday, February 12th. There was a good attendance and much interest exer- cised in discussing matters brought before the meeting. Inthe absence of the President, the chair was taken by the Vice-President, Mr. Alexander Black. The meeting being called to order, the minutes of the last annual meeting were read and confirmed. The chairman read the following address from the retiring President, Mr. J. L. Campbell, of Melita. To the Members of the Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association. Gentlemen:—It is a matter of pleasurable satisfaction to all that our Association meets this year under conditions more favorable than have existed for one or two years past. The abundant harvest with which our farmers have been blessed has brought prosperity not only to this, the most important class of our population, but also to the general public. In this renewed prosperity the members of our Association, both honorary and active, I am pleased to say, have participated in a satisfactory proceedings and degree. Our Association has made substantial progress in the way of solidification. It is true that during the past year we have had some disturbing conditions, but notwith- standing these, Iam convinced that we stand stronger than ever. The immense advantages accruing to the members, both honary and active, is becoming to be more and more appreciated. The general public, too, are re- cognizing more clearly the laudable objects of our Associa- tion, and are recognizing as well, that while we wish to guard our own interests, we are not unmindful of their welfare, as instance the liberal reduction in the price of lumber the past year. This wider knowledge has con- siderably dissipated their prejudices and they are coming to believe that, if we have faults, ‘‘ they lean to virtues’ side.” You will notice from the financial statement submitted to you that our balance is respectible and on the proper side. I would recommend, however, that the fees be re- stored, if not to their old figure, as nearly so as possible. With a commendable object in view, the dues last year were reduced 50%. We find now, that while the strictest economy has been observed, our expenditures have ex- ceeded the accruing dues for the year by a few hundred dollars. It is exceedingly unwise for this depletion of our funds to continue. of general strength, and, as no one can tell when our strength can be tested, I trust you will give this your very serious consideration. During the past year a number of questions for adjust- In every in- A strong treasury is an element ment have come before your directors. stance they have endeavored to obtain the fullest possible information bearing npon the various questions, and in every instance their conclusions have been based upon a conscientious desire to deal even justice to allparties. If they have fallen short in any respect, I am sure your gen- erous nature will forgive what your good sense may have seen wrong in their judgment. It affords me much pleasure to bear testimony to the indefatigable attention our Secretary has given to the affairs of our Association. I do not presume he needs any apology at my hands, but if there be any who have misunderstood his intention, I should simply ask to quote the words of President Tuthill, of the Mississippi Valley Lumbermen’s Association : ‘“«There seems to be in some quarters a disposition to think our Secretary is a little too persistent and pushing in the presentation and collection of claims sent to him for adjustment, but you must remember that behind every one of these claims there is a red hot retailer with every hair turned the wrong way, impatient for his ten per cent. regardless of any explanation. It has been a wonder to me, as well as others of the directory, that le gets along with so little friction. When he gets a claim from any of our members he must ask the accused of making the ship- ment for an explanation of it in writing, so a complete record may be kept of all cases, We have not found our Secretary guilty of unbusiness-like or ungentlemanly couduct in his way of doing this business, still, if he fails to collect the claim promptly he is liable to be accused of being in league with the wholesalers, or on the other hand criticised’ by the wholesale for over-activity in his efforts to get replies to his communications which are not un- likely to receive as tardy attention as any which comes to the wholesaler’s desk.” But as I have said, I am not aware our Secretary re- quires any justification at my hands. The results of his labor are a sufficient commendation. I cannot omit to make mention of the loyalty of our honorary members to the Association. The closer arrangement entered into last year, I beiieve, has been faithfully observed on their part. Perhaps as much can- not be said of all the active members, but I believe any breach of arrangement has been surrounded by extenu- ating circumstances. Taking it all in all, perhaps the new conditions of mutual fidelity between honorary and active members have been as well observed as could reasonably be expected under a change so complete and so sudden. Several matters will come up for your consideration. As good always comes of discussion, I trust your deliber- ations will be full and cordial, exemplifying the good sense and harmony that have always characterized our meetings in the past. The address having been read, the chairman called upon the secretary to make his financial statement. Upon proceeding to read the state- ment he prefaced his remarks by stating that it afforded him much pleasure to meet so many members present on this occasion. He was glad to be able to report the goodly sum of $811.53 as the balance on hand. There are 147 names on the membership list. Much harmony pre- vailed among the dealers during the year just closed, there being only two cases of complaints brought before the directorate to be dealt with during the year. He then enlarged on reci- procity as between active and honorary mem- bers, and was glad that the fairness of it was so generally recognized on the part of active mem- bers. The amendment to the by-laws requiring active members to buy from honorary members only was fairly well adhered to. He also re- minded honorary members to keep before them, in shipping, the membership list, and interim notices of changes in the membership. In referring to some grievances that were re- ported to him showing an evasion of the associa- tion rules in shipping through intermediate points in the mountains, the secretary urged that the utmost honor in dealing one with the other should have due regard, in order to keep good faith and fidelity in association matters in cases where the clauses of the by-laws did not reach them, and at alltimes as well. Inconclusion, he congratulated the members upon the improved condition of the lumber business during the last year, both in increased volume of business done, and in the collection of accounts carried by them during the last four years. He thanked the di- rectors for their good attention to the affairs of the Association and the benefit he had derived from them in their good counsels. The election of officers was then proceeded with and resulted as follows: D. M. McMillan, Morden, president; T. A. Cuddy, Minnedosa, vice-president. Directors: A. Black and J. Arbuthnot, Winnipeg; C. E. Pieper, Gretna ; J. M. Taylor, Portage la Prairie, J. M. Neilson, Carberry ; J. B. Mathers, Glenboro. The convention then adjourned. Jarrah wood piles, 2 feet 2 inches square, driven 33 years ago at the Largs Bay pier, were found on examination to be as sound as when put in. “THE NEW ONTARIO.” A LARGE and interested audience were present at the Canadian Institute in this city on the even- ing of the 15th ultimo, the attraction being a lecture by Mr. Blue, of the Ontario Bureau of Mines, entitled ‘‘The New Ontario.” Mr. Blue described the title as including all that part of the province lying beyond the Mattawa and French rivers and the Nipissing, Huron, and Superior Lakes, and bounded on the north and west by lines established by Imperial Statute in 1889. This territory was in dispute between the Ontario and Dominion governments in 1872, but was finally ceded to Ontario. Of this country little was known, but it was believed to be rich in natural resources. The immense size of this unexplored district was a revelation to many in the audience, its size being given as 100,- 000 square miles greater than the settled portion. ‘« The discovery,” said Mr. Blue, ‘‘ of what ap- pears to be a valuable tract of country was made only within the past year by Mr. Henry O’Sulli- van, of the Crown Lands Department, Quebec, and Dr. Bell, of the Geological Survey, Ottawa. They ascertained that in the basin of the Notta- way river and its tributaries, the Waswanipi and the Mekiskan, there is a tract of rich and finely timbered land, as large in extent as the whole of England, of which nothing was known two years ago. This inspires us with the hope that regions of perhaps equal extent are yet to be found. ~ The Hudson Bay Company, whose only inter- est is the fur trade, have always discouraged ex- plorations which might result in bringing settlers into the couutry. A gentlemen who had been a missionary among the Ottawa and Hudson Bay slope for nearly thirty years, stated to Mr. O’Sul- livan that he had seen some good land and large timber in the neighborhood of Lake Waswanipi and advised him to explore, but he was further told by the guardian for the Georgian Bay Co. at Grand Lake, Victoria, that the Indians who visited the post could not get sufficient wood to make an axe handlethere. This, of course, was in keeping with the traditional policy of the Hud- son Bay Company. Of all the natural resources of the New On- tario the forest is of the most obvious value, as there is nothing to hide or obscure it. There are no doubt yet to be found large tracts of valuable timber land, although many square miles have been cut by lumbermen and many more swept by fire. The forests west of Port Arthur were swept within the memory of many now living. In one day fire is said to have ravaged a tract of torest land seventy miles long and thirty miles wide, or containing upwards of 2,000 square miles.” Concluding his remarks on the. forest, Mr. Blue said he ‘‘scarcely dared to forecast what our needs would be a quarter of a century hence, for the wit of man was seeking out many new inventions. But in all probability there never would be found a substitute for wood, and he therefore urged that a conservative policy be pursued in regard to our forests, and that the Government set them apart as Crown lands.” E. Leonard & Sons, of St. John, have sold one of their latest improved Clipper portable saw-mills to Mr. R. Hoey, of Hardingville, St. John Co. Marcu, 1896 THERE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 NG'D AIS ECLIPSE PLANER, MATCHER AND MOULDER COMBINED. THE accompanying cut represents a somewhat new machine for general planing, matching and moulding, and embodies a number of new feat- ures which by long practical experience have been found desirable in preparing inside woodwork for practical use. It is a well known fact that in most planing machines the running of the belt over the pulley causes a jar upon the cylinder at every joint of the belt, making a perceptible mark across the lumber. The ‘‘Ross” attachment used in con- nection with this machine completely obviates this difficulty, as the cylinder is cut off from that portion of the shaft carrying the driving pulley by a coupling, with sufficient flexibility in said coupling to arrest the jar caused by any uneven- ness in the belt, leaving the cylinder to revolve is Machine Works, Toronto, samples of the work done on this machine, and forwarded to them by of Burks Falls, Ont. These samples consist of birch and other woods Messrs. Knight Bros., dressed for ceiling, wainscotting, siding, flooring, etc. The work is shown just as it came from the machine, and is certainly of a most excellent description. stand, have built up a very large trade in this line of builders’ supplies, and have adopted the name of the machine in describing their large output, designating it the ‘‘ Eclipse” wain- scotting, siding, etc. We may mention in connection with the at- tachment for smooth planing, that it is the in- vention of Josiah Ross, of Buffalo, who has pat- ents in the United States and Canada upon this device, and who receives from the manufacturers for Canada, The A. R. Williams Machinery Co., Ltd, a royalty on every machine to which it is applied. We are assured by the Canadian man- Messrs. Knight Bros., we under- NEW WOODWORKING PATENTS. The following patents granted for Canada : have recently been SOB/O ROTARY CYLINDER PLANER. Patentee: Myron R. Hubbell and Wm. Cate, both of Wolcott, Vermont, U. S. patented 11th December, 1895 ; 6 years. Claim.—The combination of the cylindrical body forming a true cylinder, and the spiral knives of sufficient thickness and so under- ground at their front edges as to provide clear- ance for the chips, having their inner faces curved to fit the surface of said cylinder, and removably secured thereon, and decreasing in thickness from their front to their rear edges. In a rotary cylinder planer, a blade formed with the inner face extending in an unbroken line to the front cutting edge of the blade, the curved outer face, and the outer edge run- ——s ning at an angle from the main TTT AN outer face to the front cutting Tire WT ES : pi HV edge, substantially as set forth. SAW SHARPENING MACHINE. Patentee: S. H. Hawley and S. V. Rawlings, both of Mar- quette, Mich., U.S.A., patent- ed years. rith December, 1895; 6 Claim.—In a saw grinding machine, the combination with suitable mechanism for advanc- ing and holding the saw to the : ground, of a throat grinding wheel and an independent wheel for grinding the backs = - of the saw teeth, and me- “‘ EcLIpsE”’ PLANER, MATCHER AND MOULDER COMBINED. without the slightest vibration, thus ensuring the desired result of perfectly smooth planing. The cylinder of this machine is also slotted to permit the use of beading, moulding and shaping bits of various patterns, and in the same connec- tion,b oth front and rear pressure bars are ad- justable to and from the cylinder to allow the projecting knives to revolve. The rollers, both top and bottom, are power driven, thus ensuring a powerful feed. At the same time, the bed is the solid bed which is found necessary to secure perfect planing. The pres- sure bars and rollers are so arranged that very short material can be passed through and planed perfectly without in any way gouging at the ends of the stick. The writer was shown at the office of The A. R. Williams Machinery Co., Ltd, at the Soho ufacturers of this machine that this device has been pronounced a decided improvement upon planing machines by all who have tested it prac- tically. We understand the manufacturers are meeting with very large sales of this machine, and when we consider the variety of work the machine is capable of performing, we do not wonder at their success. The A. R. Williams Machinery Co. have com- pletely outgrown their present quarters, and are erecting a warehouse that will not only provide suitable accommodation for their growing busi- ness, but will be an ornament to that portion of the city in which it is located, being directly opposite the west wing of the Queen’s Hotel on Front street, and consisting of a building with 70 feet frontage and 150 feet depth, five stories high. This building is nearing comple- tion and will shortly be ready for occupation, when the offices of the company will be trans- ferred to the Front Street premises. chanism for operating the same and for sustaining said wheels in close proximity, and means whereby said wheels are caused to conjointly act upon the the of the saw necessary to bring successive teeth in same tooth between movements Saw SHARPENING MACHINE. position to be ground. Ina saw grinding ma- chine, with mechanism for shifting grinding- wheel back and forth, comprising a pivoted and adjustable lever, and a cam for operating said lever, and with a vertical or adjustable frame or gate for sustaining said wheel. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Marcu, 1896 THE quantity of pine in the Georgian Bay dis- trict north of the Spanish river would seem to be somewhat limited. On this question Mr. Hale, of the firm of Hale & Booth, remarked to me that he had recently gone over that country and had seen but little pine. He said: ‘‘It is a big ter- ritory, but no such a pinery as the Ottawa valley. Indeed, I do not know where we are going for pine before long. Of the countries I have trav- elled through recently I have found none to talk about, and in my opinion, no time should be lost in taking some steps towards the better preserva- tion of the forests.” * * + SPEAKING of the probable imposition of a duty on lumber entering the United States, Mr. Whitney, president of the St. Anthony Lumber Co., of Whitney, Ont., said: ‘‘ It is my opinion that it will never be imposed. Cleveland is a free trade man, and not in sympathy with a duty of that kind. The Michigan men are already making a big noise over it, believing that, if im- posed it would lead the Canadian government to put an export duty on logs, and consequently hurt their trade materially. At any rate, I think that if the United States imposes a duty it will be a very small one, and would not be felt by Canadian manufacturers during brisk business ; but in a dull spell it certainly would be.” * * * As a proof that Canadian lumber manufactur- ers have not exhausted their bank accounts, I may quote the statement of a machinery manu- facturer that during a recent tour through On- tario, he captured orders to the amount of $40,- ooo. This not only shows that the lumber manu- facturers are yet in funds, but also that they have sufficient confidence in the future of the business to be willing to spend their hard dollars on new equipment. This is an encouraging con- dition of affairs. It is the opinion of shrewd observers in the business that we are on the eve of more stirring times. If this be so, then it is good policy on the part of the manufacturer to look into the condition of his manufacturing plant, and to put his mill in order to produce in the most economical and satisfactory manner what the market demands. * * * To Professor Roentgen, the discoverer of the ‘“new photography,” this generation is greatly indebted. Its advantages are multifarious. By its application it is possible to photograph through wood or metal. Although the experi- ments are as yet in their primary stage, the re- sults so far secured leave little room to doubt the ultimate It has occurred to me that even those engaged in the lumbering and woodworking industries will await developments with some eagerness. When per- fected, the lumberman will be enabled to tell just what standing trees are free from interior defects, which way to saw to secure the finest markings, success of the discovery. and how to cut knots and burls to get the best effects. The saw-miller will also be enabled to locate spikes in his logs, which so often destroy the saw. In fact, there seems to be no end to the commercial applications of this new kink in photography. * * * Mr. David Halden, a prominent lumberman of Saginaw, Mich., is credited with the following statement : ‘‘ Americans now either own all the saw mills in Ontario or control their output. So there is practically no need for the law that Mr. George Macdonald, of Algoma, proposes intro- ducing in the Dominion House providing for re- strictions being placed on the towing of logs across the upper lakes. Last year 142,000,000 feet of logs were towed to Bay City from Canada, but henceforth very little lumber will go there in that shape—it will go in board form. Nearly all the mills on the north shore of Lake Huron will be running night and day to fill contracts for the American markets.” It might be pertinent to enquire what Mr. Halden has been drinking of late. If Americans either own or control all the saw mills of Ontario, I have been kept in blissful ignorance of the fact. Certainly a large portion of the output of Ontario mills finds a market in the United States, but I draw the line at the state- ment that the ownership of most of the saw mills of Ontario has passed into the hands of Americans. As to the quantity of logs which will be rafted across to Michigan this year, I have heard various estimates, ranging from two hundred to five hundred million feet. It must be admitted, however, that the Americans are get- ting tired of towing logs, and more manufactur- ing is likely to be done this year on the Canadian side, provided an import duty is not imposed by the United States government. BY THE WAY. Tue lack of snow in the state of Maine this winter is said to have driven one man insane. He was a prosperous lumber merchant of Sangerville. Last autumn he took large con- tracts for the cutting and delivery of timber. He had the logs cut, but from dearth of snow, an contingency, could not get them out of the woods. Having expend- ed large sums of money, he became financially embarassed from inability to make collections, with the result that he became mentally deranged. Me Ke =e unexpected and unusual As a result of the approach of the rafting sea- son, many river improvement companies are seek- ing renewals and extensions for their charters. During the past two weeks the Ontario Crown Lands Department received four applications. The Pickerel River Improvement Co. applied for a limitation of their charter to fifteen years, in order that the company might establish a sink- ing fund under the statute. granted. The Muskoka Rivers Improvement Company recently purchased the assets of the Muskoka Slide, Dam, and Boom Co., whose charter had expired. Consequently, the former made application for a renewal of the charter for fifteen years, which was also granted. Applica- tion for incorporation was made by the Blind River Improvement Co, to construct slides, dams, etc., on the Blind River. This was opposed by Messrs. Cook Bros. and others, on the ground that the improvements were unnecessary Their request was and that a large portion of the work for which they proposed to collect tolls had been built by the Blind River Lumber Co. in connection with their own mill. In this case inspection was or- dered, and the matter is not yet settled. The fourth application for a charter was from the Big East River Improvement Co., which was opposed by the Whaley Lumber Co., of Huntsville, and the Brennan Lumber Co., of Hamilton, who argued that the proposed tolls were excessive. This is also under investigation. Be ~ Fe iie The firm of Messrs. Davidson, Hay & Co., of Toronto, have announced their intention of re- tiring from the lumber business. This action has been brought about by the steady increase of their already extensive wholesale grocery busi- ness and the unprofitable conditions which have surrounded the lumber business during the past few years. This firm have been heavy operators in lumber for a number of years, employing be- tween three and four hundred men in winter and one hundred and fifty in summer. Their market has been principally in the United States, and they report having found no difficulty in disposing of their output, which is principally white pine. Of late years they have mauufactured some red pine deals for the English market. They own extensive limits situated on Lake Nipissing and French River, consisting of 68 square miles, which they purchased some time ago at a figure reaching well up to $750,000. These limits, to- gether with their steam saw mill, electric light plant, steamers and all equipments, will be offered for sale on the 23rd inst. Xx MOOK A DEPUTATION, including representatives of the leading pulp manufacturers, waited upon the Dominion government a few days since, urging the imposition of a duty of $3 a ton upon pulp wood. Among the deputation were Messrs. John Foreman, of the Laurentide Pulp Co.; F. H. Clergue, of the Sault Ste. Marie Pulp Mills ; W. H. Masterman, of Chatham, N.B.; Mr. Bar- ber, of the Cornwall Pulp Factory ; W. H. Row- ley, of the E. B. Eddy Co.; C. Riordon, of the Riordon Pulp Mills; J. Davie, of the Niagara Pulp Mills, and others. Among other reasons for the imposition of the duty the fol- lowing were given:—At the present time there is very little pulp wood in the United States, with the exception of a quantity in the State of Maine, which, however, is rapidly becoming ex- hausted. Enormous quantities are therefore be- ing imported into the United States from this country for the use of almost all the paper mills there, but when the product of the Canadian — mills enters the United States, it is met witha customs duty, which handicaps the Canadian manufacturers, and constitutes a serious inter- ference with the business. While about 100,000 cords are manufactured into pulp in this country, about 600,000 cords are exported. An export duty, it is claimed, would lead to the manufacture of pulp wood for the United States market in this country, and_ result in the investment here of many millions of dollars, and the employ- ment of from 15,000 to 18,000 men. The Beck Lumber Company, of Penetangui- shene, Ont., are considering the erection of a new mill on the shore of Trading Lake. a ~ <<. = ANADA WEEKLY EDITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages} $100 per veaR {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. | UMBERMAN Vor. 11: TORONTO, ONT., FEBRUARY 26, 1896 (anapa LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY C. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New York Lire INsurRANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home and abroad. : Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. &@ Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. - LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPEGTION BOOK 20a Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also-many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the * Canada Lumberman.” ed Toronto, Canada C H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 HE above isaiac simile of the title page of the latest and most complete Lumber and Inspection Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a copy on receipt of four 3 cent Ga- nadian postage stamps ° © © ° THE (JANADA [_UMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada rH : WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week’s issue. AUCTION SALE TIMBER LIMITS Saw Mill Property and Plant The undersigned, having decided to retire from the Lumber Business, will sell by Public Auction, at the CITY OF TORONTO fo) N Monday, the 23rd Day of April, 1896 (The Place and Hour of Sale will be Announced Later.) their entire Property and Plant in Separate Lots. Circulars and full information regarding above may be had on application at our office. DAVIDSON, HAY & CO., 36 Yonge street, TORONTO. NOTICE Sale of White-Pine Timber ENDERS WILL BE RECEIVED AT THE office of the undersigned up to and including SEVENTEENTH DAY OF MARCH NEXT, for the purchase of the Pine Timber (only) over seven inches on the stump, on the understated Townships in the District of Parry Sound, described as follows: Township of Lount, Berth No. 4. Area, 14 square miles. Concessions 9 to 14 inclusive, Lots 21 to 35 in- clusive. Township of Pringle, Berth No. 3, 13% square miles. Concessions 9 to 14 inclusive, Lots x to 15 inclusive. Township of Pringle, Berth No. 4, 1734 square miles. Concessions 9 to 12, Lots 16 to 35 inclusive; Conces- sion 13, Lots 16 to 25 inclusive ; Concession 13, Lots 27 to 35 inclusive; Concession 14, Lots 16 to 22 inclusive; Concession 14, Lots 28 to 35 iuclusive. Township of Mills, Berth No. 2, 12 square miles. Concessions 9 to 14 inclusive, Lots x to 15 inclusive. The above Berths are well watered, with excellent facilities for lumbering. Tenders may be for each Berth separate, or for the whole Lot, and should state the amount the parties tendering are prepared to pay for the Pine Timber (only) oneach Berth or on the whole Lot. The timber when cut is subject to Crown dues of $1 per thousand feet board measure, and ground rent of $3 per square mile per year. Terms of payment: One-half cash, balance in 6 and rz months, good notes, with interert at 7 per cent. per annum. ‘The highest or any tender not necessarily ac- cepted. Parties intending to explore the above limits should get off at South-River StationG T Railroad, and thence by stage to Mecunoma Post Office, Nipissing Road, where Mr. A. Urquhart will be found after February 15th, and can give all informat on regarding the limits. For further particulars apply to BURTON & BRO. Barrie, Ont. Barrie, 25th January, 1896. WANTED. OME POSITION OF TRUST BY SCOTCH- man who has had eight years’ experience in the lumber business. Accustomed to handle a number of men. Capable of estimating timber limits. Best of references. P. F. Granam BELL, 58 Ossington Ave., Toronto. JUDICIAL SALE OF LICENSES FOR DAN TER Pursuant to the judgment inan action in the Common Pl as Division of the High Court of Justice for Ontario of Beck v. Spohn, et al, there will be offered for sale at public auction (with the approbation of the Local Master of said court at Barrie), by Messrs. Dickson & Townsend, Auctioneers, at their rooms, No. 22 King Street West, in the City of Toronto, Ontario, at the hour of rz o'clock noon, on Thursday,. the Twenty-Third Day of July, (896; — _(A) The following Ontario Government Provincial timber berth licenses :— Parcel No. 1—License for berth No. 2 in the Town- ship of Finlayson, in the District of Nipissing; area, including road all_wances, about 1034 square miles. Parcel No. 2—License for berth No. 3 in the Town- ship of McCraney, in the District of Nipissing ; area, including road allowances, about 11% square miles. Parcel No. 3—License for b rth No. 1g in the District of Rainy River; area, about 11 44-100 square miles. Parcel No. 4—License for berth No. 20 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 5 square miles. Parcel No. 5—License for berth No. 21 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 4 square miles. Parcel No. 6—License for berth No. 25 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 11 square miles. Parcel No. 7—License for berth No 27 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 7 square miles. Parcel No. 8—License for berth No. 65 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 7 square miles. Parcel No. 9—License for berth No. 67 in the District of Rainy River; area, about-144 square miles. Parcel No. 10—License for berth No. 68 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 4 square miles. ALSO—(B) The follewing Dominion of Canada Government timber berth license :— Parcel No. 11—License for berth No. 292, situated on the north fork of High River, in the District of Al- berta; area, about 47 8-100 square miles. TERMS OF SALE. Each parcel will be offered separately and subject to a reserved bid fixed by the said Local Master. The biddings will be of a price per square mile. The license of each berth will be sold subject to the various conditions contained or to be contained therein, and to the various statutes, orders in Council, regu'a- tions, dues and conditions now affecting or which may hereafter be passed or imposed affecting the same. The price will be computed according to the areas stated above, and no allowance wiil be made for short- age or for water or for road allowances. No error in any of the above descriptions or in any map exhibited by the Vendor's Solicitors shall annul the sale, nor shall any compensation be allowed in respect thereof. Ground rent and Government dues will be apportioned to the date of sale and assumed by the purchaser from the date of sale. No timber on any berth sha!l be cut until the purchase money of the license thereof bas been paid in full. The purchaser shall at the time of sale pay down a deposit in proportion of $ 5 for every $100 of the pur- chase money, and shall pay the balance into court with- out interest to the credit of this cause, within thirty days after the sale. The parties to the action, including the Vendor, shall be at liberty to bid. The other conditions of sale will be the standing con- ditions of the court. Maps of the berths may be seen at the offices of the Vendor's Solicitors. Further particulars may be had from Messrs. BLAKE, LASH & CASSELS, Canadian Bank of Commerce Building, Toronto, Vendor’s Solicitors, and Messrs. M’CARTHY, PEPLER & M’CARTHY, Solicitors, of Barrie. Dated at Barrie this third day of December, A.D. 1895. J. R. COTTER, Master. WANTED. MAN IN CANADA, ACQUAINTED WITH the band saw trade, to sell on commission. Ad- dress, ‘‘Banp”, Care CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto. HORS AIEEE: APLE LUMBER—FIFTEEN THOUSAND two inch, thirteen thousand one and one-quarter inch, all cut of 1893. Box 176, Listowel, Ont. WANTED. CONTRACT OF SAWING ONE OR TWO million feet per year, with portable mill; twelve years’ experience. Box 303, Creemore, Ont. FOR SALE. ILL LUMBER, r2to30 FT. LONG; WHITE and Red Pine. Mill running now. Orders filled at once. D. O'CONNOR, Sudbury, Ont. FOR SALE. E ARE OPEN TO CONTRACT AND CUT to order Hemlock (10 to 20 feet), Maple, Birch, Elm and Cedar, delivered on vessel Sauble Beach. SauBLe Facts LumBeEr Co. Sauble Falls, Ont. FOR SALE. HE CLIFFORD PLANING MILLS—A GOOD chance for a live man; machinery mostly new and in good running order; some contracts in hand now which would be turned over to purchaser. Apply to SAMUEL HorTeEL, Clifford, Ont. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. There have been indications during the past week that the lumber trade is improv- ing, although only to a limited extent. These indications, it is hoped, will develop into actual realities with the opening of spring. That such developments will take place in the spring, however, is not yet certain. The wholesale dealers report some inquiry for hardwoods from United States customers, but the orders are for small lots for immediate consumption. It would seem that American money is being gathered to meet the bond issue, and consequently there is little to invest in lumber beyond supplying the present requirements. For local consumption, barn stock, oak, elm, and white ash are meeting with some inquiry, at firm quota- tions. Mill men are holding firm to prices, and little cutting is reported. The outlook for staves and heading is of an en- couraging character. The recent pur- chase by American firms of thirty million feet of box lumber in the vicinity of Ot- tawa has given the market in that section a healthy tone. apparently good condition of trade in England, are regarded as satisfactory in- dications of a fair business during the coming season. The bulk of sales have consisted of coarse lumber, and have been made by the Hawkesbury Lumber Co., W. C. Edwards & Co., J. R. Booth, Gil- mour & Hughson, and the Canada Lum- ber Co. These sales have so reduced the This, together with an- Ai» wale des it lies vor , ae ws ATAT ma ee eee noe ce Soles ‘ % OS ee de fia as 1 wy Ye rns Sebaa iE baa “7 Py> i WT ry. stock of coarse grades that no difficulty is anticipated in disposing of the balance at fair prices. Of first-class lumber the quantity on hand in the Ottawa valley yet unsold is said to be the smallest for twenty years, due largely to the good demand from England. Little change has taken place in the white pine situation, although a few small purchases have recently been made by Buffalo wholesalers. The out- look for building operations, which con- sume considerable white pine, is not the brightest in several of the larger cities, but fiom the different towns and through- out the country a satisfactory report is re- ceived. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Operations in the woods in New Bruns- wick are very active, being stimulated by an abundance of snow. With a few more weeks of favorable weather the output of logs will be of an averagesize. The latest reports from the British market are of an encouraging nature, stocks of N. B. and N. S. spruce being light and the demand good. During the past week some ship- ments have been made to the United States, but the demand from that source is nct brisk. In the province of Quebec sufficient snow for hauling is also reported. There is a very moderate local demand, with a slight improvement for foreign ship. ment. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. The export lumber trade in British Columbia continues to improve, and several new vessel charters are repor.ed for foreign ports. The list of charters shows a large business well distributed, and the docks present an unusual scene of activity for the month of February. There is evidently a desire to purchase supplies before the combination lately an- nounced shall be put into operation. From present indications the combine will not have all smooth sailing, it being announced that the Victoria Lumber Co. are about to re-open their mill at Che- mainus, and fight the trust. The company owns [50,000 acres of timber land, and is composed principally of Americans. From a well-informed source it is learned that the combine only embraces four British Columbia mills, and is therefore not as strong as it was believed to be so far as that province is concerned. In Manitoba manufacturers are preparing for a good spring trade, but little movement 1s re- ported as yet. Better prices are antici- pated this season, as the formation of the British Columbia combine will remove to some extent the keen competition from that source. UNITED STATES. Since our last report the American market has not brightened to the extent anticipated, and few indications are ob- servable that the trade bas made much headway as a result of the successful bond issue. In some features, however, there are promising signs, several of the larger consuming industries showing evidences of revival. It is a feature of note that manufacturers and dealers seem confident of a good lumber trade when the season has well set in. The movement of lumber at Tonawanda and Buffalo has slightly in- creased, while in Michigan a sale is re- ported amounting to 15,000,000 feet. In hardwoods red and quarter-sawed oak receives most inquiry. At New York there are indications of a lively season, the amount which will be expended in a 7 | ere” * 4a) «ee ee a ag ar CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY E building operations this year being esti- mated at $100,000,000. A fair movement is reported at Boston and other eastern points. In white pine fields little buoyancy is experienced, but a year much more satisfactory than 1895 is confidently ex- pected. FOREIGN. Of Canadian spruce in Great Britain the Timber Trades Journal says: “Prices are firm, but business seems quiet. Third spruce brings £6 12s. 6d. to £6 15s., with tos. less for fourths. The over-winter stock is small, and there seems no likeli- hood of any retrocession in the market, as the demand must take an active turn when the season gets further advanced. The absence of wane in even the com- moner kinds of spruce gives it the prefer- ence over other cheap kinds.” Quebec birch is also reported to be again coming into request, owing to the high price of mahogany, and stocks on hand are small. Denny, Mott & Dickson’s wood report, dated 4th February, says of Canadian timber: “The London demand for both waney and square yellow pine has been quiet, but the anticipation of activity on the shipbuilding rivers serves to keep prices very firm, and strengthens the hands of Canadian agents, who are book- ing orders for next season’s supplies at a decided advance on the high prices of last year.” At Liverpool there seems to be a steady demand for birch timber and planks. The spruce supply is also gradu- ally diminishing, and prices are likely to advance. In South America the trade is decidedly quiet, and little demand is re- ported. STOCKS AND PRICES. . CANADA. Button & Fessaut, of Wingham, Ont., have purchased $6,000 worth of logs. Large quantities of ties are being taken out in Manitoulin Island by the Rathbun Co. 30,000,000 feet of lumber are in stock in M. M. Boyd & Co.’s yards at Little Bob. The steamer St. John City, now at St. John, N. B., will take 100 loads of birch and some deals to England. . The firm of Hale & Booth are getting out this winter about 300,000 cubic feet of timber, and 25,000,000 feet of logs. J. Fo Hamuiltonsof St. John; Ne 8; shipped last week to New York, per sch. Tay, 109,855 feet spruce plank, and 305,- 500 laths. Large quantities of heavy hewn birch timber are being taken out at Sussex Station, N. B., which will be sent to Eng- land via the Beaver line. The probable output of lumber of the St. Anthony Lumber Co.’s mills at Whit- ney, Ont., during the coming summer, will be about 50,000,000 feet. The Commissioner of Crown Lands for Quebec will offer for sale at Hull, on the 18th inst., several miles of timber Jand in the Agency of Upper Ottawa. It is said that Mr. Parson, of Golden Lake, Ont., has contracted with an Ottawa firm for some twenty-five cars of dimension timber to be delivered at different points in New York. The Ottawa and Aylmer Railway and Bridge Co., Albert st., Ottawa, are asking tenders until the 1oth of March for the supply of 12,000 good, sound, standard re om vee ba L bie sn LOE e DiTION. railway ties, of hemlock, cedar, and tamarac, to be delivered before April 1oth next, at points between Hintonburg and Britannia. Dimensions, 8 ft. long, 6 in. thick, not less than 6 in. face. S. Swanton, of Lindsay, is inspecting 25,000 cedar posts and a large quantity of pulp wood, ties, telegraph poles, etc., stored along the Haliburton and Coboconk railway lines. In all Mr. Swanton has contracted for 200,000 cedar posts, 30,000 of which will be supplied by M. A. Hop- kins, of Kimmount, and 10,000 by Jos. Brisbin, of Rettie’s Station. Shipping will start about the middle of March. Mr. MacGrady, Crown timber agent for that portion of the Ottawa district in the province of Quebec, states that on the Gatineau river there will be a decided falling off in the output of logs this winter, as MacCracken & Boyle and Lague & Cox are not operating. Last year the former firm had two shanties working, and besides received logs from 71 jobbers, who had each two or three men employed. Messrs. Gilmour & Hughson and Messrs. W.C. Edwaids & Co.are operating on about the same extent as last year on that river, the former taking out about 500,000 pieces, and the latter about 300,000. On the Temiscamingue and Kippewa rivers the operations are about the same as last winter, and on the Colonge they are more extensive, on account of Messrs. Bryson & Fraser working several new shanties. UNITED STATES, Col. A. T. Bliss will take cut 14,000,000 fee: of logs to stock his Carrollton mill. The Meiklejohn & Hatten Lumber Co., of New London, Wis., is receiving 15 car- loads of white pine logs per day. D. C. Pelton, of Cheboygan, Mich., has purchased 4,000,000 feet of logs from Hol-. lister, Jewell & Co., of Oshkosh, Wis. Penoyer Bros, of Bay City, Mich., re- port having sold 2,500,000 feet of lumber at $22 straight, and 1,500,000 feet of nor- way at a good figure. They expect to cut 40,000,000 feet of logs this winter. A dispatch from Jackson, Ky., states that C. E. Smith, of Richmond, Ky., re- presenting New York parties, is placing a contract for 40,000,000 feet of oak timber from the head of Kentucky Creek, a tribu- tary of the Kentucky river. SHIPPING MATTERS. A ship, 1047 tons, has been chartered, Quebec to Liverpool, timber, 19s.; chartered abroad. The ship Karoo has been chartered to load deals at West Bay, N. B., for west coast Eng- land at 40s. The ship Indus. has been chartered to load deals at Cambellton, N. B., for Ireland or Marseilles, at 4os. or 55 franks respectively. Ship Z. Ring has been chartered to load deals at Grindstone Island, Herring Cove or West Bay for west coast England at 40s. spring loading. The Beaver line boat Lake Winnipeg sailed from St. John, for Liverpool, Eng., on the 20th inst., with 10,000 maple blocks and 300 stand- ards of deals. The first steamer chartered to load deals at St. John, N. B., is the Palmas, 1,540 tons, by Wm. Thomson & Co., at 40s, to the west coast England. ' From Digby, N. B., the schooner Shafner Bros. has cleared for Boston with wood and piling. Bark Ethel Clarke has finished load- ing lumber at Bear river for Cienfuegos. : The steamship Vancouver sailed from Port- land, Me., on the 13th inst. The Canadian portion of her cargo was valued at $132,453, among which were the following: 2,439 wooden doors, 986 maple blocks, 50 bundles of staves, 605 deals, 1,610 packages of handles, 175 crates of pulleys, and go logs. FEBRUARY * THE SITUATION. REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF THE “WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” A. S. Schryer, Ridgetown, Ont.: Car oak is in good demand, also white ash cut to sizes. Prices remain firm, and the out- put of logs will be of an average size. W. Harris, Day Mills, Ont.: Stocks are moving actively at the local mills in this locality, the demand coming princi- pally from farmers for hemlock stock. R.-H. Klock & Co:, Klock’s Mills, Ont.: Good strips and sidings are in most de- mand, and prices advancing. Stocks in hand are small, being mostly pine, mill run. M. F. Beach & Co., Winchester, ~ Ont.: Pine and ash have received most call. Large quantities of ash, with some elm, are in stock, medium quality log run. Prices show a tendency to decline, and large quantities of logs are being taken out. McCall & Mason, St. Williams, Ont.: Red oak, chestnut, pine and basswood are in most demand. Have recently sold 80 M ft. elm, log run, at $9. Stocks are large and of an average class, being chiefly hardwood. We will saw this sea- son about 600,000 ft. of pine and hardwood. | S. Gillies, Ailsa Craig, Ont.: Have recently sold $15,000 worth of bass. Our stocks consist of 200 M feet bass, 200 M {t. soft elm, 100 M ft. rock elm, 600 M ft, white oak, and 50 M ft. hard maple. There seems to be little improvement in prices, but we hope for an advance in the spring. F. Deutschmann, Teeswater, Ont.: Soft elm is in most demand and good stocks scarce. Hemlock for barn order is moving freely. Have sold cedar for bridging at $12, but customers are slow contracting. Stocks consist principally of one and two inch maple, two-inch elm, one and two- inch hemlock, with some one-inch ash and basswood. Have many inquiries, but few sales are effected, everybody appar- ently waiting for a better movement in the spring. 5; J. Lawrence & Sons, Watford, Ont.: Our manufacture consists of staves, head- ing, etc., for which prices are very firm, and likely to advance, as stocks are light. Last year we cut over three million feet of elm logs into staves, which were sold at a good figure. Have made sales of three million staves at an advance over last year’s prices. Should there be a good crop of fruit, it is doubtful if the supply of No, 2 staves will be equal to the demand, and mill men must get a considerable ad- vance. THE IMPORT LUMBER DUTY. — The developments of the past couple of weeks in regard to the threatened imposi- tion of an import duty on lumber entering the United States have left little doubt as to the outcome of the proposed tariff. It now seems quite evident that the bill will not become law. Speaking of the question, the Northwestern Lumberman, of Chicago, says: “In Congress it is exceedingly evident that no remedial financial legisla- tion will occur this session, late action in the Senate on the tariff bill pointing to that outcome.” Es BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHANGES. W. H. Beardsley, lumber, Trail, B. C., has sold out to D. J. Mossman. Efforts are being made by J. S. Atkinson, lumber merchant, of Aibert, N. B., to secure a compromise at 40 cents on the dollar. DTS Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds x2 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN, No 8g State St., Boston, Mass. Inspection at mill. i ao ‘ ‘ ae! Sle) ee bore ¥ pee see Sat 2 tee See er a ~ CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. Thos. Meaney & Piey i Co. : London Canadian Chambers 103 Bay St. - Toronto, Ont. i CANADIAN EXPORTERS #””? WH OLESALERS WHOLESALE SY HARDWOOD LU M B i i == —— OFFICE: MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. OTB Derdcen Chambers TORONTO DONOGH_ & OLIVER °° °° | umber, Lath ana Shingles BUFFALO : Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Wholesale Dealers in TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——_: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : E are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have for Sale a ve uantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also 16in. Pine PV anvracrorers OF LUMBER LATH axo SHINGLES vue PEMBROKE LUMBER CO... MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. PEMBROKE, ONT hingles and 4 ft. Lath 1% in. wide. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED Se @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills @ eer tf 1 — can be any length up to 50 Red Pine Dimension LOGS, feet to suit purchaser, and would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at Spanish River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Rayside, C. P. R. Will have five to six million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on limit at Spanish River. And have about five million feet at mouth French River : which could be delivered at opening of navigation . . .....-. BOOTH & GORDON - _ Sitdbury, Ont. WM. MASON & SONS... LUMBER | DIMENSION TIMBER “AZ#22¢ We have the largest and best equipped Dimension Saw Mill in Eastern Canada. All our machinery is of the latest and most improved pattern, and we are prepared to quote prices on and supply at the shortest notice any orders that may be submitted to us. Address, P. 0. Box 1020, OTTAWA, ONT. Manufacturers of...... and Dealers in J ASS. ASE pay ATR & & “CO. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER + LATH * SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supriles MIDLAND, ONT BILL TIMBER a Specialty . THE REID GO., of TORONTO, Ltd. Handle all kinds of Pine and WHOLESALE Hardwood Lumber ene [ Vi ] LONG OAK BILLS A SPEGIALTY a AND RETAIL COAL Office, Gorner King and Berkeley Sts. DOCK, FOOT OF BERKELEY ST. Ottawa LuMDeP 60. conan Ganada WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, Ere. VW rite Rand Syqgeent< tS es PACIFIC COAST LUMBER CO. MANUFACTURERS OF ...... British Golumbia Red Gedar Lumber and Shingles Kiln-Dried Bevel Siding, V Siding, Geiling, Wainscotting Door Stock, Base, Gasings, Mouldings, etc. We do accurate work and make reasonably prompt shipments. NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C , B.C. ONE DOLLAR wrill pay your subscription to the weekly and monthiy CANADA LUMBERMAWN for ONE YEAR a => But K’s Falls, Ont SESE erwemenm | ONE YEAR FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4” IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : : «<4 Red Oak, Soft Elm | Basswood (all thicknesses) pb Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. - Buffalo, N. Y. POOLE & HOTCHE ISS Pine and Hardwood Lumber 1in. ane 1 x 5’ and 6” Cex as Pieks ayy e W ant: ; WANTED FOR GASH: Pi E SQUARES, SIDINGS, &b. raabiches a IHN ASHWORTH & GO. wanton et WILLIAM B. YOUNG “= cect ty WHOLESALE DEALER AND MANUFACTURER Elm, Basswood, Birch and Maple 5-£ South Street, NEW YORK. 1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N.Y... Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. te SCATCHERD & SON COMMUNICATE AT ONCE.—<——~7, 8, 14 and 16 feet, firsts and seconds ——— 5 it your wish To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A PARTICULAR LOT OF LUMBER A MILL PROPERTY SECOND-HAND MACHINERY and ‘‘For Sale’’ Department of the... ¢ An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ ¢ CANASA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION Will secure for you a B any er or Seller, as the case may be. Addre: The Ganada Dune benneE Toronto, Canada ees TWN cee 2 - oS iplalbal AAT LAN TIG RAILWAY Shortest and Quickest Route from OTTAWA, ROCKLAND, HAWKESBURY, Fe aaa PRIOR and all points on ‘Grand Trunk Ry. 3 BOSTON, PORTLAND, NEW YORK, DerRov", TONAWANDA, AL LBANY , &e, , MONT TORONTO, QUEBEC, HALIFAX, ST. yOuN, pe Ottawa, Arnprior. & Parry sound Ru. OTTAWA & NEW. “YOR RK LUMBER LINE OTTAWA & BOSTON LUMBER LINE CANADA ATLANTIC FAST FREIGHT LINE R. A. Carter, Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade, ontrea Joun Smiru, Ontario Agent Union Station, Toronto. C. J. SmitH General Freight Agent, Ottawa, Ont. Capt. J. H. Wierias, 16 Lumber Dist., Albany, N.Y. Ottawa & New York Lumber Ling © CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK city AND fi POINTS, eae BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY J. H.Willi Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO. illiams/ new york OFFICE, 03 Wall Street WILLIAMS’ LINE. Agent Telephone 531 Broad. OP ee PERS GOW ee Tey A OEE Mee rns a DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman ”' BELTING McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. = Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. DRY KILNS aan McEachrer, J. D., Galt, Ont. a Parmenter, J. S., Woodstock, Ont. __ INJECTORS Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. r Hamilton Brass Mfg. Co. a Stirling, W. H., St. John, N.B. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. LOG TRUCKE 7 The Chatham Mfg. Company, Chatham, Ont. __LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES ie Davidson & Hay, Toronto ‘ wz Eckardt, H. P.. & Co., Toronto. MACHINERY a Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., Darling Bros., Montreal. ~. Eastman Lumber Co., Eastman, Que., a Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. . Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. = S Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., & The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. 7 The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. SAW MANUFACTURERS = Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. 3 Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. Ottawa Saw Works Co. Cad WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS = Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. “2 Maitland, Rixon & Co., Owen Sound, Ont. Poole & Hotchkiss, Buffalo, N. Y. MISCELLANEOUS < Axes, Campbell Bros., St. John, N.B. = Alligator Tugs, West & Peachey, Simcoe, Ont. -. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Unt. + Can. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. > Cant Dogs, Walter McFarlane, St. Marys, N. B. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. Electrical Apparatus L Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad, Lumber T1uex Wheels, Montreal Car Wheel Co. ‘Lumbering “ ols, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Patent Medicines, r Magnolia cx alCo., New York. — Machine Krives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Rails, John ¢ artshore, Toronto. : Dae BIRCH. i rst & and, 6 inch & yst & and, white, 6in. & up,, 12 0c Up) Tem! eat eaietear! 28 00 30 00] Com & good culls..... 10 00 12 00 . ELM. @ rst & 2d, rock, 8in. & up, 18 00 22 00 ast & 2d, soft, 8in. & up, 16 00 18 00 MAPLE. “a 1st & 2d, hard, 6in. & up 18 00 20 00 1st & 2d, soft, 6in. & up, 17 00 19 00 WHITE OAK. ae xst & 2nd, plain, : Clear squares, 5x5, ‘ Sin, up. ac esse ne 26100: 28,00)| tO MBean eran 7 a5 Good common....... 1s 00 17 00 | 1st & 2nd quartered, in Good culls ites ees 10 ‘00> 7260) ‘Hiiny tipeeeee es ares. 45 00 50 | Common quartered... 25 00 30 RED OAK. 27 0) era tst&end.. 42 00 44 00 16 oo | Common........-.- 122,00) I0 00 NEW YORK CITY. ; New York, N. Y., Feb. 26, 1896 WHITE PINE LUMBER : Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of rendering it useless to give prices for local market. ae WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge timber....... $42 00 @ 50 90 | Building orders.....$28 00 @ 4c Decking........- wae 45100) - 55 50 : : SPRUCE. ; GtOQin.....+. eee 14:00) 26 Goll TOFS VAT hae re 16 ito. 120M a metas 14 50 25 50] Lath... .002 ne. mie LO D2 MD iene wists ele te . 15 50 16 00 ; : HARDWOOD. 4/4 and thicker, No. 1 and 2 Black Ash, 10 to 16...... Ze eS Ee Soft Elm, i ee ef Z . Hard Maple, re : Sata « Eee ae *« Black Ash, Com. and Shipping Cull, M.C.O...... ca “ Soft Elm ae “e ae +0 =! “ “ ‘Hard Maple “ “ a “ “ Basswood 66 e re “ “ Birch, Zt) ee 66 “ ALBANY, N.Y. rn Avpany, N. Y. eae ai i essing boards, narrow West India shipping bo Box boards. . ee ee WP PEKSis oss ania Fo 50 52 elects, 2% in. up.......... 40 42 Tit. 21s. dase 45ers 36 40 Fine common, 2% in. and up 38 40 | Common, 1x12 ..... TCO) aaa «ie eee ese 34 38| No. x barn, 1x12 Ne. 1 cut, 1 to 2 inch.. - 25 35 ERED ws W022. hbo eee > 18 25 1x8... Nor ghee ieee cee 17 20 No. 1 molding, x to2in..... 33. 36\|) xeon aces No. 2 molding, 1 to2in..... 25 28 TXO; aoe e Stained saps...+....sseeees 20 | Shaky or star clear, Bracket plank ........ -..- 30 35| Dressing....... Shelving boards, x2-in. up.. 28 30| Common......... LATH. Pitiesnciseomane Sete Sams $2: 25 | Spruce-<..as eee rere oo aa) a\ee ale ae fans eee In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding trips, 14 to 16 ft. 30 SIDING. = zin siding, cutting up ticks and uppers... 32 00@39 oo tin dressing......... I9 00 21 00 tin No. 1 culls 1X12 INCH. x2 and 16 feet, mill run............ Roos 12 and 16 feet, No. x and 2, barn boards... 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better....... eee 12 and 16 feet, No. 2 culls............- eof 1x10 INCHES. : Mill run, mill culls out.$22 co@25 00 | No. rculls.........-. © Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00| No. zculls.. 1X4 INCHES, 21 oo | No. rculls...... 30 00 | No. 2culls.. 1X5 INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill 6, 7 or 8, No. culls out......... 20 00 25 00] 6, 7 or 8, No. 6, 7.or 8, drsg and =f better...... sees 25 00 3000 = Mill run, mill culls out 17 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 wees BOSTON, MASS. BosTon, EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed 3f inches sess. ee boards. suena =. $7 50° ~i2 00 31-76 inchi.ca-e ser Coarse No. 5...---- 1500 15 50 Sainch... .. ‘we ne Marcu, 1896 OTTAWA LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LuMBERMAN.] Mr. Alexander Fraser, the well known lumberman of Westmeath, who recently took up his residence in Ottawa, has commenced to invest capital in enterprises that will tend, no doubt, to build up the city. He is the leading figure in the erection of a $20,000 vault in the central por- tion of the city for the storing by the public of valuable documents and articles. Mr. J. R. Booth has decided to begin the sawing of dimension timber at his Chaudiere mill. Machinery suit- able for this work is béing put in. The timber will be cut in the new addition to the mill built on the west end of the site of the old mill. The completion of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway will prove of considerable benefit to Ot- tawa Valley lumbermen, passing, as it will, through a well timbered section of the country. Upwards of one million dollars will be spent during this year on its con- struction. Mr. H. K. Egan returned recently from a trip to his limits on the Pittawawa, where a steam log roller is about to be operated. When Mr. Egan left, the roller was only being taken from the railway station to the woods. The result of its operations is regarded as a matter of import- ance by the lumbermen here, and will be eagerly sought.’ After returning from a trip through the Ottawa lumber- ing district, Mr. R. Hurdman stated that the winter was very favorable for work in the woods. There were not so many men engaged in that district as last winter, and as a result the output would not be so large. He calcu- lated that the output would be about half a million logs less than last year. This would not curtail the manufac- ture of lumber, however, as the leading mill-owners had large quantities of reserve logs in the rivers. It is understood that the deputation of pulp mannfac- turers which waited upon the Government with the view to having an export duty imposed on pulp-wood, received every assurance from the Government that the matter would receive their earnest consideration. A number of gentlemen composing the deputation expressed themselves highly pleased with the favorable manner with which the ministers received the representatives. Mr. F. H. Clergue, of the Sault Ste. Marie Pulp Mills, submitted a strong argument why the Government should impose the export duty. He pointed out the great natural resources Canada had in spruce, and the big advantage Americans were taking by its free entry into their country. About 15,000 men were employed in the United States in manu- facturing into pulp the wood taken from Canada, and there was no reason why nearly all this employment should not be given to men in this country, and with an export duty this would be gradually accomplished. OrTawa, Ont., Feb. 24, 1896. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. (Regular correspondence CanaDA LUMBEKMAN.] LOG DRIVING CONTRACT. A LARGELY attended meeting of the log owners along the St. John river was held at Fredericton, on the 29th of January, to consider the contract with Messrs. Moore for log driving from Grand Falls to Fredericton. Among those present were: W. H. Murray, C. F. Woodman, Henry Hilyard, H. R. McLellan, James Holly, J. Fraser Gregory, C. P. Baker, Geo. B. Dunn, Geo. Cushing, A. P. Barnhill, W. C. Purvis, Horace King, St. John; John A. Morrison, Donald Fraser, jr., R. A Estey, Allen Ran- dolph, Fredericton ; Fred H. Hale, Woodstock; G. R. Burtt, D. H. Nixon, David Keswick, J. E. McCallum, Hartland ; John McSweeney, B. W. Mallett, W. H. Cun- liffe, Fort Kent; L. W. Pond, Edmunston; A. J. Bever- idge, Andover. Henry Hilyard was appointed chairman, and J. Fraser Gregory secretary. 7 The meeting was a lively one, and much discussion took place, some of the up-river lumbermen complaining of the manner in which their lumber had been treated the past season, and expressing the opinion that the up-river dis- tricts were not sufficiently represented on the board. It was pointed out by the St. John directors that they were doing the work without remuneration of any kind, and having their private business to look after, they could not be expected to give the matter as much attention as its importance desired. After considerable discussion the following resolution, moved by B. W. Hallett and seconded by J. A. Morrison, Ss THE CANADA LUMBERMAN a eee ee was unanimously adopted: ‘It is the opinion of this meeting that the log owners regret that Messrs. Moore did not satisfactorily perform their driving contract during the season of 1895, and would therefore be glad to relieve the Messrs. Moore of further performance by cancellation of the contract.” Another resolution, moved by A. H. F. Randolph and seconded by F. H. Hale, was adopted: ‘‘Inasmuch as it is the opinion of this meeting that the Messrs. Moore did not satisfactorily perform their driving contract for 1895 ; therefore, resolved, that the directors of the Log Driving Co. be authorized to negotiate with them for the surrender * of their contract.” The contract held by Messrs. Moore is for a period of three years, and cannot be withdrawn without their con- sent. Several claims for damages have been made, which will be considered at the annual meeting of the St. John Log Driving Company, who hold bonds from the con- tractors for $10,000 for the faithful performance of the work. THE MASTERMAN PULP MILL. The extensive pulp mill recently erected on the Mira- michi, at Mill Cove, N. B., by Mr. William Masterman, cost upwards of $100,000. It consists of seven buildings, -and is one of the most complete establishments in the province. The walls of the digesting building, which is 84 by 32 feet, are built of free stone to a height of 30 feet, while the structure, 60 feet above, is of wood. The store- room is 100 by 50 feet, and the paper mill rooms adjoining 150 by 50 feet, while to the rear of these is the engine and boiler buildings, 100 by 4o feet in extent. There are two other buildings, measuring 20 by 100 and 50 by 40 The large digester building has a tank house of one storey, adjoining, measuring 84 by 30 feet. This last is connected with the waters of the Miramichi by a slip 240 feet in length. similar establishment on the continent. the United States will turn out 50 tons of wet pulp per day, while this one will make 3o tons of dry pulp in the same time, wet pulp being 3o and 4o per cent. moisture. Some two million feet of logs have already been contracted for, feet. The new mill will be as large as any The largest in in connection with the mill. BITS OF LUMBER. Hon. Mr. Tweedie has submitted to the Provincial Paliament his annual report on Crown Lands. Mr. Benson, the representative for the Waterous Com- pany in this province, is meeting with good success in the sale of band mills. Mr. Cushing’s new mill at Pleasant Point will commence operations about the last of March. The band saws and shafting are now being placed in position. The machinery is now being placed in W. C. Purves’ new mill at Carleton. Heis putting in a single gang, and expects to have the mill running early in the spring. Sr. JouNn, N.B., Feb. 24, 1896. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. [Regular correspondence CanapDA LUMBERMAN.] DuRING the past month the lumbermen of this province have experienced a revival of trade, which, for the season of the year, is most encouraging. There has been consid- erable local demand, but the export trade has furnished the basis for congratulation. At the time of writing, thirteen vessels are loading lumber at the various ports for foreign countries, four being destined for Australia, three for the United Kingdom, one for South Africa, one for South America, three for China and one for Chili. The local lumbermen anticipate that quite an extensive foreign trade will be done during the present year, and present condi- tions would seem to justify their anticipations. A number of our mill men have become mem- bers of the recently-organized Central Lumber Company, which proposes to take such steps as will place the lumber business of the coast on a more satisfactory basis as re- gards prices. It is probable that, at an early date, an advance in prices willtake place. It isheld that employers will pay higher wages as a result thereof, and that the timber men will get better prices for their logs. The Victoria Lumber and Manufacturing Co. held their annual meeting in Victoria a fortnight ago. Directors were elected as follows: J. A. Humbird, E. J. Palmer, W. J. Macaulay, John E. Glover and W. H. Phipps. The new Officers are: President, J. A. Humbird; vice-presi- dent, W. J. Macaulay ; secretary, W. H. Phipps; assist- ant secretary and general manager, E. J. Palmer; treasurer, D. C. Fulton. It is said that the company, in view of a good foreign trade, have decided to reopen the Chemainus saw mill, for three years. which has been closed COAST CHIPS. Messrs. Tingley and Wilband recently purchased the Silverdale saw mill. The Buckeye Lumber Company, of Spokane, is said to be backing E. H. Ragland in building a saw mill at Ross- land. The Royal City Mills, of New Westminster, recently shipped to Nova Scotia the second lot of big fir spars, for which this company has long been famous. This lot are 475 feet in length, and square 19 inches at the butt. The Pacific Coast Lumber Co., of New Westminster, recently put in new wood-working machinery, which is said to be giving first-class satisfaction. By its use cedar lumber is being manufactured into various shapes. A number of improvements have recently been made to the Royal City Planing Mills, of Vancouver, including a new iron dry kiln and a new boiler. The mill will now cut 100,000 feet per day. Upwards of 200 men are employed at the mill. The Brunette saw mills, which were burned last year, have been rebuilt, and recently commenced cutting. Mr. John Wilson, president of the company, says that he in- tends engaging once more in the foreign export trade, and, if shut out of the United States markets by tariff changes, will find a market for the surplus output of the mill in other foreign countries. NEw WESTMINSTER, B. C., Feb. 20, 1896. MICHIGAN LETTER. {Regular correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN. ] Mr. E. D. Cowles, an acknowledged authority on lum- ber matters, has completed figures showing the output of the Saginaw river mills during 1895. The cut for the sea- son aggregated 433,683,083 feet, the smallest since 1868. In 1894 it was 481,000,000 feet. At the close of last year manufacturers alone had on hand 271,531,851 feet of lum- ber, of which only 30,090,400 feet were reported sold for future delivery. Adding the amount estimated to be car- ried by retail yards, the total stocks would reach about 550,000,000 feet. Because of the dullness of the market, many saw mills were permitted to remain idle. Shingle manufacturers experienced much the same conditions dur- ing last year, prices ranging about $1 per thousand lower than usual during the entire season. The total amount manufactured during the season was 52,845,000, the amount on hand at the close of the season being 26,211,250. The organization of the Michigan Maple Lumber Com- pany was effected on the 5thultimo. Over fifty hardwood firms are represented, and nearly every operator in north- ern Michigan has consented to join the Association. The membership represents an annual output of 125,000,- ooo feet of hardwood. manent offices in Traverse City, and members will make sales through the main office, which will be in charge of the secretary and president, under control of the board of directors. The board will appoint a chief inspector, who wil! appoint local inspectors. monthly reports of stock on hand, sales and cut, and when sales are made 2% per cent. goes to the general fund. The Association will have per- Every member must make INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. Three train loads of logs per day are being hauled from Montmorency county to Alpena. Arrangements are progressing favorably for the third annual meeting of the National Wholesale Lumber Dealers’ Association, to be held at Saginaw on the 4th and 5th inst. Messrs. Alger, Smith & Co., of Saginaw, are winding up the business of rafting long timber from Black river. The firm began rafting in 1882, the annual output ranging from 70,000,000 to 90,000,000 feet annually until last year, when it dropped to 47,000,000 feet. They have large holdings in the Georgian Bay district. Mr. F. W. Gilchrist, of Alpena, will engage extensively in the manufacture of hardwood lumber. He is making large purchases along the line of the Detroit and Mackinaw railroad, principally of maple, birch, elm and basswood. This timber will be cut at Alpena and shipped to Gilchrist & Co.’s planing mills at Cleveland, Ohio, where it will be worked Into flooring, inside finish, etc. SaGInaw, Mich., Feb. 24, 1896. t2 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN MR. ALEXANDER GIBSON. In the issue of the Canapa LUMBERMAN of September, 1894, we gave a biographical sketch of the renowned lumber king of New Brunswick, Mr. Alex. Gibson, accompanied by a bird’s eye view of the village of Marysville, the home of Mr. Gibson. readers may observe the countenance of Mr. Gibson, who enjoys the distinction of being prob- By the accompanying portrait our Mr. ALEXANDER GIBSON. ably the best known man in the Maritime pro- vinces. ; Mr. Gibson is the owner of thousands of acres of timber lands, five saw mills, a large cotton He is the shipper annually of upwards of one hundred mill and the Canada Eastern railway. million feet of lumber to different markets, chiefly to Great Britain. Over a thousand persons are directly in his employ in summer, and upwards in connection with About six hundred men are employed steam driving in the spring, of two thousand in winter, his lumbering operations. and about the same number in the cotton mill constantly. At Marysville he owns three saw mills, one cutting long lumber, another shingles and an- other lath. will be cut to be sawn at the mills. This winter 35,000,000 feet of logs The spruce is cut into deals for the English market, being towed down the St. John river to the harbor of The cedar logs are cut into shingles, the clears and extras for the United States market, and the other grades for the provincial market. The laths and hemlock also go to the United States market. St. John for loading on steamers. He has two mills at Blackville, one cutting Last year the cut was 5,000,000 feet each of spruce and hem- hemlock and the other spruce. lock, and about 3,000,000 feet of cedar. Besides the cut of his own mill Mr. Gibson buys large quantities of lumber for shipment to the British market. 40,000,000 feet annually, while the amount of His cut averages about his shipments to the British market alone exceed 80,000,000 feet per year. tions on the Nashwaak he jis said to have mar- Since he began opera- keted fully a thousand million feet of lumber from his own mills there and at Blackville. In the management of his extensive business, Mr. Gibson is ably assisted by his two sons, Mr. Alex. Gibson, junior, and Mr. James Gibson. CORRESPONDENCE Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades. To secure insertion all communications must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for publication. The publisher will ndt hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. NEW MARKETS FOR CANADIAN HARDWOODS. Toronto, Jan. 25th, 1896. To the Editor of the CanapA LUMBERMAN: Dear Sir,—I notice with pleasure that Mr. J. T. Schell, Alexandria, sets the ball rolling re. our export trade of hardwood lumber to Great Britain. He is quite right in his contention that the most of our hardwood goes as American, and is sold as such in the English market. Canada is not enough known in Europe, and the re- sources it has are known still less, and I think it the duty of either the Dominion or the Provincial governments to see that the buyers in that market are informed of the resources of Canada, and what can be got in this country. It the government would appoint some prac- tical man for a couple of years, and send him over there to point out to the consumers and buyers in the motherland what can be got here, and if necessary let him look after the interest of the shippers from here for the time being, you will find that it will make a marked difference in our export trade to England. The Canadians have a very good reputation as to their straightforward and honest business methods, and the Americans are always looked upon as being too sharp. The preference will therefore be given to Canadians in nine cases out of ten. I cannot see why we should allow the Ameri- cans to make a profit by exporting our lumber ; surely we can attend to that ourselves, and keep the money in the country. I say Canada first in every instance. Should any of our friends think of sending lumber over direct, let them beware of ‘‘ sharks;” there are lots of them, especially in London. ‘They will promise lots of things, but as a rule will end with the promise. I have proof of one instance where a lumberman sent over a carload of maple ; the price realized was a good one, but the bill for expenses was still better. The amount received was $593. 61, the expenses $578.95, which left the magnificent sum of $14.66 for the ship- per. Anyone desiring to get information about the items of this bill of expense can have them by applying to the editor. If there was a represen- tative of the government to look after the interests of our lumbermen, such glaring frauds could not occur. Respectfully yours, KAROLUS. It is stated that in Cuba, on an area of some 50 square miles, there are in round numbers 2% million banana trees. No less than $3,500 per- sons and 26 steamers are engaged on the crop, which is said to pay better than cane. able exporting is done as well. a Marcu, 1896 eee EEE nn a OWEN SOUND STEAM SAW AND PLANING MILLS. One of the most enterprising men of Owen Sound is Mr. John Harrison, the proprietor of the Owen Sound Steam Saw and Planing Mills, a view of which is presented on this page. There are manufactured at his mills all kinds of dressed and undressed lumber, sash, doors, frames, blinds, laths, mouldings, shingles, pickets and hollow battens, besides other special manufac- tures. The premises comprise three buildings, one being a two-story brick, 83 x 53 ft., with engine room and drying kiln attached ; one two-story brick store room, 60 x 33 ft.; one frame building 80 x 20 ft., and a frame saw mill 108~x 40 ft. The yard covers about fifteen dcres, but the whole premises cover an area of thirty acres. The business has been in existence for forty-five years, and gives employment to thirty hands. The trade extends all over Canada, and consider- Mr. Harrison cuts about two million feet of lumber annually, but handles, all told, something like four times this amount. He has recently overhauled his dry kiln, and claims to have one of the best kilns in the country. Recently he took out twenty thousand feet of three inch pine that had been put in the kiln eight days previous, grim from the saw and partially covered with ice, and the plank was found to be dry and checked very little. During this winter an addition to the mill has been erected, in which has been placed patented machinery for the manufacture of butchers’ skewers, for which a ready market is being found. These skewers are made of hard maple, the ma- chine being capable of turning out 20,000 per hour and of making six different sizes. Mr. Harrison is an Englishman by birth, but has resided in Owen Sound for over forty-five years. He served in the council for several years, OweEN SouND STEAM SAW AND PLANING MILLS. but of late has’ withdrawn from public life, de- voting his spare time to his several large stock farms. He has done much towards the building up of Owen Sound, and is honored by all its inhabitants. British Columbia logs go to New Whatcom, a tow of 300 miles, while logs cut there are hauled to Tacoma, 150 miles away. Strange condition ot affairs ! Marcu, 1896 PHE CANADA LUMBERMAN 14 THE NEWS. CANADA. —Jas. Richardson has erected a saw mill at Kerwood, Ont. —Gibson’s shingle mill at Andover, N. B., has resumed operations. —R. Pallister is running D. F. Brown’s saw mill at Moe's River, Que. —M. M. Boyd & Co.’s saw mill at Bobcaygeon, Ont., closed down for the season a fortnight ago. —John and R. E. Butler have leased Peacock’s saw mill and yard at Woodstock, Ont., for five years. Sumner & Co., of Moncton, N. B., have purchased a heavy saw mill engine of 250 h.p. for their new mill at Bathurst. —Canada shipped some 18,000,000 feet more spruce to South America points during 1895 than during the pre- vious year. —The new planing mill of McIntyre, Reinke & Boland, at Eganville, Ont., has started operations. The motive power is electricity. —The village of Goderich, Ont., recently voted the sum of $100,000 for new industries, a saw mill, bicycle factory, knitting mill and furniture factory. —David Ransom, formerly a resident of North Burgess, Ont., is reported to have made a rich deal in pine lands in Michigan, clearing thereby upwards of $50,000. —During the year 1895 the losses by fire in Canada were as follows: Saw mills, $390,000; woodworking factories, $113,000; paper and pulp mills, $10,000. —The improvements to Mr. Peter's mill at Parry Sound, - Ont., have been completed. Mr. Peters has now one of the best equipped mills in the Georgian Bay district. —H. Maxwell, a chopper with T. E. Titus, in King’s County, N.B., recently felled sixty trees and topped them off in nine hours, making a total of 9,000 superficial feet. —Messrs. William Grier, Wm. Embury, and M.S. Madole, have formed a joint stock company for the pur- pose of starting a new sash and blind factory at Napanee, Ont. ‘ —Albert Phillips has started his shingle mill at Cobo- conk, Ont., and intends running day and night. J. R. Phillips will look after the buying of the shingles, bolts, logs, etc. —Of three pine logs recently cut on the Dungarven river, N. B., the shortest was one hundred and thirty feet, and the longest 145 feet, making in all twenty-six pieces and scaling over 3,000 superficial feet. —lIt is reported that Beckler & Co., of Sarnia, Ont., are preparing to build a large saw-mill on the bay shore. They are now running in temporary sheds and cutting lumber to suit the demands of the market. —Twelve grinders, machines and four barkers are at work in the new pulp mill at Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. Farmers are drawing large quantities of pulp wood to the mill. —Mr. Tessier, of Penetangushene, Ont., has made alterations and improvements to his sash and door fac- tory.. He reports sufficient orders on hand to keep the mill running for the next three months. —It is reported that a pulp mill will be erected in the spring on the Sissiboo river, Digby County, N. S. There is said to be ample water power to run the mills, and large quantities of pulp wood near at hand. —Bonuses are being asked from the Ontario and Do- minion Governments for the Lindsay, Haliburton, and Mattawa Railway. The road, if constructed, will open up a territory rich in pine and hardwood timber. —Isaac Abbott, of Mosa, Ont., drew a soft elm tree to Oldrieve’s mill, Glencoe, which scaled 4,644 feet of lum- ber. The tree made three 14-ft. logs and three 12-ft. logs, the smallest log being 31 inches in diameter. —George St. Pierre & Co., of Frazerville, Que., have recently started their shingle mill at St. Honnore, where they own a large tract of timber land. The mill runs night and day, is lighted by electricity, and contains a rotary saw, two shingle mills, planer and matcher, lath machine and gang saw. —One of the peculiar industries of Kingston, Ont., is the making of shavings, for use in the vinegar factories in vats. Lumber of a peculiar class is bought in quantity fourteen screens, fourteen wet and reduced to shavings by simple machinery. Recently an order for 2,500 bushels was received by the Carnovsky Company from Montreal. —Alex. Crawford, lumber operator on the Tobique River, N. B., vouches for the truth of the following: On the 13th ultimo, Benjamin Finamore started at daybreak to beat the chopping record; by dark he had felled and top- ped off fifty-seven spruce trees, which scaled 7,000 sup. feet. This, he claims, beats the record, and wants to hear from others. —Kennedy, Davis & Co., of Lindsay and Bobcaygeon, contemplate making extensive repairs to their mill on Pigeon Lake. This firm do a large retail trade in Lind- say, besides shipping largely. Mr. Kennedy has charge of the Lindsay branch, while Mr. Davis looks after the cutting of the logs in the winter and their manufacture during the summer months. UNITED STATES. —Wheeler, Osgoode & Co., of Tacoma, Wash., report the sale of a car load of doors to an English firm. The same company have received inquiries respecting their doors from northern China. —An official statement places the total receipts of lum- ber at Chicago for last year at 1,637,389,000 feet, and shipments out of the city at 771,994,000 feet. This is to be compared with 1,566,150,000 feet and 639,199,000 re- spectively in 1894. —A carload of redwood for use in making lead pencils was shipped the other day from California to Nuremburg, Germany. The forests in Europe, from which the supply of wood for leadpencils has hitherto been obtained, have become exhausted. —The largest walnut tree ever hewn in Pike County, Pa., was cut down recently near Milford, by Willith Angle, of Washington, N. J., for gun stocks for the United States government. The first sixteen feet will make about 2,000 feet of lumber and will furnish enough gun stocks to supply a regiment. —A dispatch from Jackson, Miss., states that E. Smith, of Richmond, Ky., representing New York parties, is placing a contract for 40,000,000 feet of oak timber from the head of Kentucky creek, a tributary of the Kentucky river. The company will build saw mills on the Kentucky, and prepare the timber there. About ten years will be taken to work up all the timber. —A large deputation of representatives of the shipping interests on the great lakes recently appeared before the House Committee on rivers and harbors at Washington, in the interests of legislation, to restrict the size of raft tows in the rivers tributary to and connecting the lakes. Complaint was made that the large rafts often completely filled the channel of the rivers and made navagation dangerous. CASUALTIES. —Colin McEachren, of Parry Sound, Ont., had his leg broken by a tree falling on him. Raymond Melanson had his leg broken while loading logs in the woods at Port Elgin, N. B. By the falling of a tree in the woods, Alex. McPherson, of Clyde, Ont., had his leg broken above the knee. —While sawing in the woods near Ailsa Craig, Ont., James Smith was struck on the head by a tree, making a cut about six inches long. Hopes are entertained of his recovery. —Samuel Cooper, of Toronto, who was working for J. W. Howry & Sons, lumbermen, is in the hospital at Fene- lon Falls, suffering from the effects of falling from a skid- way in the woods. Jerome Dalaire was killed recently while lumbering at the shanties of Mr. Euchariste Mont, Riviere aux Rats, Que., by the fall of a branch of a tree, which broke his neck. He was 47 years old, and a native of Tadousac. While loading logs in Long’s camp of J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls, Ont., Oscar Winters, of Saginaw, Mich., received a compound fracture of the left leg, both bones being broken. The accident happened about 3o miles from Haliburton. —A man named Martin McNulty, of Douglas, Ont., working for Munroe & Gordon, at Pogamasing, was killed on the 19th ultimo. While carrying a skid down hill he slipped and fell, the skid striking him on the head and breaking his skull. —Moore & Wallace's sash and door factory at Chesley, Ont., was recently wrecked by a boiler explosion. The building was torn into atoms, parts of the boiler being found roo yards distant. Fortunately the employees had left the building a few minutes previous. —Joseph Dechatlets, aged 26, in the employ of the W. C. Edwards Lumber Co., was murdered by a fellow- workman in the woods in Ripon township, north of Nation Mills. which resulted in the stabbing which caused death. The two men had been on unfriendly terms, —A sad accident is reported from. Aroostook county, Maine. Neil Campbell, a native of Bass River, N.B., was going to his work with his axe on his shoulder, when his feet slipped on the ice and he fell backwards. His axe in some manner turned edge up and the young man fell on it, cutting his head open and killing him almost instantly. PERSONAL. Mr. F. W. Gilchrist, lumberman, of Alpena, Mich., re- cently paid a visit to Toronto. Sir H. G. Joly de Lotbiniere has been elected vice- president of the American Forestry Association. Mr. Thos. Kelly, lumber merchant, has been elected mayor of Somerset, Que., for the eighth term. A recent cable despatch announced the arrival at Liverpool, Eng., of Hon. J. B. Snowball, of Chatham, N.B. Mr. Wm. Gillies, of the well-known lumbering firm of Gillies Bros., Braeside, Ont., has gone ona visit to the Southern States. Mr. W. H. Pratt, President of the Conger Lumber Co., Parry Sound, Ont., is a Liberal candidate for the House of Commons. Mr. Wm. Margach has received his official appoint- ment by the Ontario Government as Crown Lands Tim- ber Agent at Rat Portage. Mr. Beck, lumber merchant, of Penetanguishene, Ont., is spoken of asa probable candidate to carry the Reform banner at the Dominion elections. The employees of Buell, Hurdman & Co., of Hull, Que., presented their foreman, Mr. James Rochester, with a gold chain and locket in honor of his recent marriage. Joel Leduc, one of the wealthiest lumbermen in the province, died at Montreal on the gist of January, at the age of 72 years. He left an estate valued at $500,000. Mr. David McLaren, the Ottawa lumberman, has gone to England with a view of getting the British government to secure the release of Mr. Lingham, at present serving a long term of imprisonment in South Africa. Rufus Deering, one of the largest lumber dealers of the state of Maine, U.S., died at Portland on the 4th of February, at the age of 78 years. He had been in busi- ness for over 50 years, and was several times a candidate for governor of the state. Hon. J. W. Longley, Attorney-General and Commis- sioner ot Crown Lands for Nova Scotia, has accepted the Liberal nomination for Annapolis county for the Dominion Mr. Longley has ably county in the Provincial Legislature for a number of Parliament. represented the years. One of Toronto's veterans has passed away in the per- son of Mr. Thos. McCracken, whose death occurred early inFebruary. Mr. McCracken was born 61 years ago in Eastern Canada, and came to Toronto in 1870. He engaged in the lumber business with Mr. John Oliver, and afterwards as senior partner in the firm of McCracken, Gall & Co. Royal Canadian Bank, and was a_ well-known figure in Subsequently he became manager of the financial circles. SG A very novel method of getting rid of scale in a boiler is credited by a Boston paper to an engineer in that city. The scale came from the use of well water. The feed pipe enters the front of the boiler just above the water line, and has slots cut in it about an eighth of an inch wide, instead of the ordinary spraying method of distribut- ing the water, and surrounding the feed pipes in the larger pipe, about six inches in diameter and cut away at the top; the feed water enters the boiler and discharges through the slot in the feed, discharging all the foreign matter in the water into this catch-pipe instead of into the boiler—the success of the plan depending upon having a high temperature of feed at about the boiling point, when the solids held in suspension of or solution in water will be deposited. Marcu, 1896 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN PUBLICATIONS. The twenty-first annual special issue of the Timber Trades Journal, of London, Eng., just issued, bears evi- dence of much attention and no lack of expenditure in With a liberal advertising patronage the publishers have been enabled to produce an unusually its preparation. interesting number. Although consisting of over three hundred pages, it is sold in London for one shilling. The above remarks apply also to the special new year number of ‘‘ Timber.” ‘‘ Timber” is the title of Bulletin No. 10 of the Division of Forestry of the United States Department of Agricul- ture, issued by Professor Fernow, chief of that division. It is a brief but comprehensive discussion of the charac- teristics and properties of wood in general, and should prove of great service to engineers, architects, lumber- men and The information contained therein is based on actual experiment and scientific ob- servations, and will no doubt remove erroneous notions and lead to a more rational use of our forest resources. woodworkers. ‘TRADE NOTES. We have received from the Pacific Coast Lumber Co., of New Westminster, B. C., several samples of their ex cellent red cedar siding, which may be seen at this office by anyone interested. P. Payette & Co., of Penetanguishene, Ont., have closed a large contract with Wm. Peter, of Parry Harbor, for mill machinery. They have also completed a circular rig and carriage for H. Delts, Powassan. The annual meeting of the Lawton Saw Company was held at St. John, N.B., a couple of weeks ago. Mr. W. H. Thorne was elected president, and Mr. E. B. Ketchum secretary-treasurer. The directors for the ensuing year are Messrs. W. H. Thorne, T. C. Lee and E. B. Ketchum. The Beaver Saw Works, of Hamilton, have been sold to the W. R. Gardner Tool Company, of Brockville. The plant and machinery have been moved to Sherbrooke, Que., where the business will be conducted under the old name of the Beaver Saw Works. the DRY KILNS and HEATERS - CHEAP One Second-hand Sturtevant Heater, one-inch Pipe and Fan to match; has been used only about four months. One Sturtevant Heater, 5,500 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match ; in first-class order. The above have been used in lumber dry kilns, but are also applicable to heating buildings, etc. For prices and full particulars of the above, also our catalogue and prices of Heating and Ventilating, write McEACHREN Heating & Ventilating Co. <_ GALT, ONTARIO | EZQQMAS Pp Net MANUFACTURER LUMBERING, 1,000 feet SKLDDING TONGS SKIDDING TONGS CANT HOOK / TS ‘ D>» CANT HOOK CLASP SOCKET ice a PEMBROKE, ONT. Ortawa Ene Co Lumbermens Supplies GAMP SUPPLIES We are making a Specialty of Lumbermen’s Supplies, and are offering, with other goods, a good Japan Tea, fine draw and make, at 12% cents. Get a sample of this splendid Tea suitable for the Camp. HP. Eokards & Co, WHOLESALE GROCERS (4{2 © DUPLEX AND SINGLE STEAM: | AND POWER Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT DAVIDSON & Wholesale Grocers ATTENTION. HAY TORONTO yDRAULIC Y MACHINES The Northey Mfg. Co. Lea. TORONTO THE LAURIE ENGINE GO. = MONTREAL _ SOLE AGENTS FOR: PROVINCE ‘OF QUEBEC. . : MAarcH, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN = ATTACK ON THE MAGNOLIA METAL COMPANY. The Magnolia Metal Company, at No. 74 Cortlandt street, has had to defend itself against several peculiar attacks by rival corporations, which have wanted to get control of its patents, and the latest attack is in the form of an attachment, which has been served in ad_ vance of the trial of a suit for $35,000. Charles B. and Edward C. Miller organized the company eight years ago, and the corporation is incorporated under the laws of West Virginia. As the company mannfactures the finest grades of metal used in journal bearings, its patents are of great value and several capitalists have vainly tried to get control of them. Recently a‘discharged employe in Chicago made a claim against the company for $7,000, and the claim was assigned to James Shanks of this city, who brought asuit. The company settled the claim for $1 and caus- ed the arrest of Shanks for alleged perjury in the pro- ceedings. Now an attachment has been issued against the company in a suit brought by a man named Lawlor, as the assignee of a claim of $35,0co made by an Eng- lish construction company. As Lawlor is a New-York- er and brings the suit against a foreign company having an office i: this city he has been able to get the attach- ment before the trial of the suit. Although the suit is for $35,000 he has been ob iged to give a bond for only $1 000, and ex-Dock Commissioner Phelan is on the bond. Charles B. and Edward C. Miller said last evening that the English construction company, which had made the claim for $35,000, really owed them about $80,000, and they would be able to show that by the contract if the suit of the assignee could ever be brought to trial. The suit was an American suit, they declared, and had been brought in order to secure the attachment as a club to compel them to sell their patents cheaply. They declared that they would dispose of the suit in short order and show the animus of it when the case could be brought to trial. Instead of being liable to a judgment, they said, they had made about a million of dollars in the manufacture of magnolia metal and only late y passed $150,000 of the company’s surplus to the capital account.—New York Tribune. The Magnolia Metal Co., of New York, has given bond for $36,000 in this matter, and has brought suit for $100,000 against the parties who instigated these attach- ment proceedings for money actually due from them to the Magnolia Metal Company and for attempted dam- age by the attachment proceedings. ‘A beautiful pr spectus is being sent around to friends of the Magnolia Metal Co. offering stock in this com- pany with a 10% guaranteed dividend payable semi- annually. ACENTS WANTED To sell Capt. Geo. S. Thompson’s New Book, “Up-to-date or The Life of aLumberman.” (Profuse- ly illustrated). 2,000 copies sold already, and only out of the presstwo months. The first book ever written by a practical lumberman, describing the many inter- esting stages of Lumbering, and the hazardous life of those engaged in the woods and on the river. An edi- tion in French will be out shortly. The book will be mailed to anyone on.receipt of $1.00. Address to GEO. S. THOMPSON, Care The Times Printing Co., Good terms to agents. Peterboro’, Ont. Patent Rossing Machine Why vou should use this Rosser... . « It will do double the work of any other. It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark _ or block out. It is a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. All iron and steel, very simple and durable, It will ross knotty and uneven timber without waste, It occupies about the same space as an ordinary planer. You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. - - MANUFACTURED BY - - - EASTMAN LUMBER CO. BASTIMAN, QUE. to Advertise in the Canada Lumberman It Pays A. ALLAN, President. J. O. GRAVEL, Secretary-Treasurer. J. J. McGILL, Manager. F. SCHOLES, Managing Director. CANADIAN RUBBER COMPANY Capital, $2,000,000.00. _ (CN UPERIOR QUALITY of Montreal, Toronto and Winnipeg MANUPACTU R Ei——2 RUBBER GOOD FOR MECHANICAL PURPOSES... «- Rubber Belting Forsyth Seamless Rubber Belting - Packing - Hose Seamless Tube Hose Head Offices and Factory MONTREAL | HQO— Western Branch... Corner Yonge and Front Sts. These Patents we control for Canada TORONTO ~oo- J. H. WALKER Manager THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES =—=GALT, ONT. SOLE PROPRIETORS OF TRE SEGRET GREMIGAL PROGESS OF TEMPERING : = Our Silver Steel Saws are Uneaualled TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 THE J.C.M?LAREN BELTING C2 monrreaL THE CANADA LUMBERMAN J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber,. Lath « shingles BRAGEBRIDGE, ONT. = ca COURTHOUSE & DRUG STOREFITTINGS A RAILS me ae oe EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. GUARANTEED. BEST MAIN DRIVE. Sole Canadian Agents i-t Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPEGTION BOOK =ea Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the * Canada Lumberman.” a Toronto, Canada C H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 T HE above is aiac simile of the title page of the latest and most | ¢ complete Lumber and Inspection Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a copy on receipt of four 3 cent Ga- nadian postage stamps ° © © © THE (GANADA [| UMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada OF NEW& 2"? Je OFFICES & WORKS | AdJOINING NEW UNION STATION, lononto, CAN, Your Stomach Distresses You after eating a hearty meal, and the result is a chronic case of Indiges- tion, Sour Stomach, Heartburn, Dyspepsia, or a bilious attack. RIPANS TABULES Regulate the Bowels, Purity Promote Digestion, Stomach, Liver an the Blood, and are a Positive Cure for Constipation, Sick Headache, Bil- iousness, and all other Diseases arising from a disordered condition of the Liver and Stomach. They act gently yet promptly, and perfect digestion follows their use. Ripans l'abules take the place of an Entire edicine st, and f ee eee tor use in Ss My every family. Bue uggis ts, or by mail, ’ RIPANS CHEMICAL CO. 10 SPRUCE ST., NEW “Yorx, Ga 50 Cents a box. At illustrations. properly setting irregular teeth is described. tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ; ONE DOLLAR. hie SIXTEEN REASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. reasons for breaking: analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner o In connection with the treatise is a his The work Addie BUELL, MEND THEM HEARTILY. HuRDMAN & Co., Lumber Manufacturers, Hutt, P. Q., CANADA, November 29, 1894. Tue Dopce Woop SpuLir PULLEY Co., ToRoNTO, ONT. GENTLEMEN .—We take great pleasure in stating that we have a number of your wood split belt pulleys in our mills, and that they GIVE US EVERY SATISFACTION, and we CAN RECOM- Also, if any of our neighbors in this section would like to see them in operation, we should be PLEASED TO SHOW THEM AT ANY TIME. Yours very truly, MARCH, 1896 BAND SAWS BREAK Giving the CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. sh" PATENT... WOOD SPLIT PULLEYS FOR MODERN SAW-MILLS See What the Big Fellows say "=> BuELL, HurpMaANn & Co. SEND FOR CATALOGUE AND DISCOUNTS. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co. 68 King St. West, Toronto. 9 ROBERT GRAHAM O— Iron Founder and Machinist Water Wheels, Engines and Mill Machinery a Specialty. Write for Estimates, References and Catalogues of the STANDARD WATER WHEEL, also Milled and Rough Gearing of every size and description ; Engines, Mill Machinery and Electric Power Plants; Latest Improved Band Saw Brazing Tables ; Shears and Gummers ; also Surface Grinder for Shingle Saws. iy / we THE => as | STANDARD... «| "WATER WHEEL ; / ee S ee lf ADE in sizes from 6 inches to 84 inches diameter. Wheel one solid casting. 84 per cent. of power guaranteed. In five pieces. Includes whole of case, either register or cylinder gate. Water put on full gate or shut completely off with half turn of hand wheel, and as easily governed as any engine Se 0 Tune .s Semtay ayee. OTTAWA, ONT. Cut showing Wheel Removed from Case. MaRcH, 1896 am CATA DA OMS RIVEAN J. W. MAITLAND———-H. RIXON J. G. AINSILE W. STODAR! INAITLAND, ), RIXON & CO. OWEN SOUND, ONT. Saw Millers and Lumber Dealers All kinds of Building Material kept in stock LONG BILL STUFF IN ROGK ELM, PINE, CEDAR RAD HEMLOCK Quotations furnished on application WE MAKE A... +s» SPECIALTY OF P. PAYETTE & CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill and Shingle Mill ¢- Machinery. . . Boilers and Boiler Fittings Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers Brass and Iron Castings Cant-Hook Handles, etc. Write for Terms and Prices. st Galt r Machine alte ¢ Works MACHINE KNIVES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION Poole & Hotchkiss ~ Pine and Hardwood Lumber WE WANT ® ® @ @ 1in. and 15in. and 6in. Clear and Picks 10 ft. Cedar Posts; 1in. Good Basswood e70 vest Genesee St. - BUPRPFALO,N-Y. GAE PARMENGER —-& PATENT DRY KILN. The Sipniosecers the eee pent and Best FOR DRYING _LUMBBR, STAVES, HEADING, ETC. Write for Particulars to -~——__ >>> - ches SQ DEP EVEDL 2S DING MSs Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. MIERCHREN'S IMPROVED. SYSTEM OF KILN DYN OST of erecting, running and maintaining the lowest and results the highest of any dry kiln and drying system in the market. Green Elm, Ash, Whitewood, &c., for furniture dried in six days; only exhaust steam 10 hours per day used. NO CHECKING, WARPING OR CASE-HARDENING. = Woodworking Machines Hf N'EACHREN HEATING & VENTILATING CI. Sau ...-Send for Frice List... PETER HAY "Sad Galt, Ont. Please mention the CanADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding with advertisers. McFARLANE’S N ENTIRELY NEW INVENTION— sented. Made in three sizes, No. 1, 2% in., Ne. 2 is 25% in., and No. 3 is 2% in. diameter. Any length handle, from 2 to 6 feet, and suitable for the different grades of work, from handling the smallest to the largest logs. Manufactured only by THE “SHANTY QUEEN” AXE e- GAMPBELL BROS. Send f | lot Manufacturers seturatime 3 ge yonm, wz, | WALTER MCFARLANE MARYS, York Co 7 WRITE FOR PRICES | ren for price and discounts. WITH FORGED SOFT STEEL SOCKET (as shown in ee the result of years of hard study and a large expenditure of money. The aim has been to makea cant dog light enough to be easily handled, yet strong enough to meet the required strain. OG. It This, Iam pleased to say, has been obtained in THE BOSS CANT ‘D is fo ged of the best quality of material, manufactured with the latest improved machinery, and I invite an intelligent inspection of its merits and workmanship, guaranteeing it to be all that is 1epre- No. 2 and No. 3. No. SS a f Marra ills —— == a ry ma )- 1 is cece WHST & Pew ACTIE Y eee SIMCOE, MANUFACTURERS OF BUS Gs OF ALLIGATOR 625252525325 R5>5— St ee Pg eS See See Se SeSrors STEAM WARPING _ aes So eo Se SeSeSe5e5c5 TUGS | STEAM ROAD MAKER ENGINES, AND BOWLERS FOR STEAM YACHTS Saw Mill Machinery -- 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Marcu, 1896 1896 The New Works occupied February, 1896. First Removal in 50 years. 30 New Allis Band Mills 1a Mt N Sold in Canada from Jan. ’94 to Jan. ’96. V,~ (ae = A yy We build a full line of Modern Saw-Mill i Machinery after the best American Designs, il and equal to any machinery that can be pur- chased in America. Procure our Catalogue and Quotations : anit when requiring any Mill Machinery. WATEROUS \ \ \ N ee | t \ } | i a q { | a oe oat B R A N T F 0 RD C A N A D A : AK Re Hf a j S \ NN NIN \ ~~ WN "n ? . Ve | /! lem oo ee liane Ce 2 aI ar ne ae = Marcu, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ° Montreal Branch, Brantford Braneh, 345-347 St. James St. \W\ ERy 198 Colborne Street { TORONTO CO ty ly New and Second-Hand Machinery of all kinds; Engines, Boilers, (stationary and portable), Saw and Shingle Mills, Hoop and Lath Machinery “Helipse” PLANER. MATCHER’~» MOGLDER With ‘“‘ROSS”’ Attachment for Special Smooth Planing 000000 DEALERS IN coc°co00 atcher Heads “ ae) : (latest pattern) : The Sturtevant pane ai eee OAS Supplies of Everu Ht iN i WILLIAMS Dry Kilns and Heating Apparatus Description ~~» Electric and Water Motors ‘“Reeves”’ PULLEYS, SHAFTING = aes i ee MACHINERY GO., LID. IMPROVED, IRON FRAMES. , MV ave is LOG JACK WITH ENDLESS GHAIN DRIVEN BY INTERNAL FRICTION ‘att most powerful and smoothest- running Jack Works made. . Easy to place in mill. - Can be placed on mill floor or on timbers underneath the floor. No crossed belt is required. Can be stopped or started instantly, F. J. AK Care Canadian Locomotive & Engine Co., KINGSTON, ONT. (ij without a jar. . THE FINT & PERE MARQUETTE :i2222A full line of Mill RAILROAD Rubber and Leather FROM Metal, &c., always Port Huron and Detroit “ SIGINIM AND BAYGINY =| Head ottce: (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) 144 William St. AT. PLEASANT, GLARE, REED CITY MONTREAL \J BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE a AILWAUKEE, Ws hi ee The last-named place reached by the Company's line SULLY WARRANTED < {steamships across Lake Michigan. :::: Supplies, including Belting, Babbit carried in stock, LUMBER TRUCK ‘WHEEL’ n ee LE —————————————————— * cos, TN6 Montreal The line thus formed is a short and direct route from MONTREAL TORONTO Orders promptly attended to. Satisfaction guaranteed. and all Canadian Territory To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This road traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in al directions : a market for every product of Forest and travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. GENERAL OFFICES: - SAGINAW, MICAH. “NIAGARA” INJECTOR PRICE LIST : Gals. per hr. SIZE. Price. Suction Steam. 60 Tbs. Horse Power. Number. and Feed. Pisteuke. UAE Bhan ge 6 00 % ¥% 60 2to 10 ee Whe sae i 6 75 % yy 120 Io to 20 Toten weirs 8 40 4% yy 220 I5 to 30 Behe otenieeiote 9 36 % \y 300 20 to 40 0G ASE eee ee 12 00 I 4% 420 30 to 50 Dor aeere siivate 13 50 I % 540 4oto 80 Dip st gin ata e 20 00 1% I goo 7o to 120 bie neuter 30 00 1% iY 1,740 150 to 225 = o————SEND FOR CATALOGUE j , W. H. STIRLING “™"anrSeamatters” supplies = ST. JOHN, N.B. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN (Weekly and Monthly Editions) One Dollar per year Factories at —_ Gar Wheel 60. ... MANUFACTURERS OF .... itty CIRCULAR, CANG AND MILL SAWS A SPECIALTY Field. H The policy of the “F. & P. M.” is known to all DD O N O G & O LIV ER WHOLESALE DEALERS IN pease LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES — TORONTO: 204-205 Board of Trade Building. BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Gharcoal Iron Ghilied RAILROAD WHEELS OFFICES: NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL Works: LACHINE, QUEBEC We make a specialty of Wheels suitable for the re quirements of Lumbermen and Street Car Service, and can supply them Bored, Finished and Balanced. Correspondence Solicited. GORRESPONDENGE SOLICITED Tue Royat Evectric GomPANy MONTREAL, QUE. Western Office: TORONTO, ONT. Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ MANUFACTURERS OF Electrical Machinery *. Apparatus LIGHT and POWER SpeciAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHT AND POWDER ALSO FOR ELECTRIG PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water powres utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. ERS OF ? TREO Mawuea™™cRIPIONS OF. ge ee bs Circular Mill8. Gang, Shingle, Butting Concave. dee Billet Webs. ye pe Sr. VE es cs Raph Sy %C8 Teme OTTAWA SAW WORKS Co. OTTAWA,ONT. WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS a Y < Garr, \Pmenze ! > \\ | | VotumeE XVII. NUMBER 4. J TeErms,$1.00 PER YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents TORONTO, ONT., APRIL, 1896 AGNOLIA METAL INCUSE BY Mies 1 escinmes Governments BESG ANGI-FRICGION METAL FOR High-speed Engine, Dynamo, Rolling-mill, Steamship, Railroad, Saw-mill, Cotton-mill, Paper-mill, Woollen-mill, Silk-mill, Jute-mill, Rubber-mill, Sugar-mill, Flour-mill PEDROS) LOONIE, WINNS OOSOMS PGS) I -OSVOME = Pee ASNOLIA .MHTAL CoO. LONDON OFFICE: 75 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET CHICAGO x ICE: TRADERS’ BUILDING ONTREAL OFFICE: H. McLAREN & CO., AGENTS Owners and Sole Manufacturers 74 Cortlandt $t., NEW YORK ——_— Fn EeE — ~ MORSE” VALVE MACHINE “The Morse” — js the only machine in the market that % will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHERS LE MANUFACTURERS . ‘Reliance Works,’ - MONTREAL. John Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS - ONTARIO. Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should write us for prices. Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. AUTOMATIC INJECTOR... Should be in every Lumber Mill JET PUMPS.. Q5 O00 Pignemeoae 5 PENBERTHY sare cvse | 85,000 savin eee een ay clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. PENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. DETROIT, MICH. Branch Factory: WINDSOR, ONT. CBVVTVVVVUSVSVVVVSVSVATVAS Silver Solder For Repairing NX | c. C. CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhié & 60. MANUFACTURERS OF [FATHER BELTING «... ano LACE LEATHER Wea Vilie, ous. BAND SAW S. Price $x.00 per ounce, in ro ounce lots. Pp. W. ELLIS & CO., 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. ¢ MANUFACTURING JEWELERS. eBUR “BUR pa = | c lo Ses Oa” : ae \ aa = - THE NEW PRESCOTT NEW PRESCOTT Daniel 7): a So yy Mile pa Wy THE (BY O Pw Oye L, APRIL, 1896 q 7 | i on ll Sy — S77 | T/\\.- Bit 7 |\C—n AZZ 5 \ Ci | NS Yi = AW | ww A Ti rs “a mmm | <4 = Tin | , IIA aaa \ \ == iF \ = \ | = === = a aY SY S E Uf E=E-- oe | uu I an is il fe PET ran ERBORO aan at . UG ; re tae oe ONT. couver , » B.C Baer << ltl i. , ) THE CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVII. NUMBER 4. TORONTO, ONT., APRIL, 1896 3} TERMS, $1.00 Per YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents ONTARIO WOODS AND FORESTS. Tue report of the Commissioner of Crown Lands for Ontario, presented to the Legislature a fortnight ago, gives the total collection from woods and forests for the year as $853,179.86, in which there is included $76,579.73 on account of bonuses and $61,493.49 on account of ground rents, leaving the net revenue from timber dues, $715,106.64. The sawn lumber market it is stated, has dur- ing the past year been in an inactive state, and there was a distinct break in the prices of all but the superior grades of lumber, which constitute not more than twenty to twenty-five per cent. of the total quantity of lumber produced at the present time in Canada and the north-western States. The English market for board timber and deals has been fairly satisfactory and prices remun- erative, but this is a very limited and conservative market, easily over- stocked and demoralized, and takes only the very best qualities of timber and lumber. The principal market for Canadian sawn lumber is in the United States, and any overstocking or depression in that market is immediately felt by Canadian lumbermen. In the early part of the year there appeared to be an improvement in the general business of the country, and, in sym- pathy with that, a hope arose that trade would be better on the open- ing of navigation. Very soon after navigation opened it was seen that there would be no improvement, but that things were going to remain in the unsettled and unsatisfactory position in which they had been during the previous year. Asa con- sequence all but the upper grades of lumber moved slowly during the summer, with a decreasing demand and lowering of values. The markets have become enormously over- stocked with inferior grades of lumber, and it is this which has caused the present unfavorable condition of the trade. The circumstances which: have led to this plethora of coarse, rough lumber are easily understood, and some of them may be noted. First, the removal of the duty on Cana- dian lumber passing into the United States enabled the coarse Canadian lumber to get into that market and thus stimulated cutting closer, the consequence of which was that a largely in- creased percentage of coarse logs was taken out. Secondly, the prices which have recently been paid for limits have rendered it necessary, if a profit was to be obtained, that every log which _a drug everywhere and prices broke. could be got out with any expectation of a return, should be cut and taken to the mills. Thirdly, during the summer of 1894 disastrous bush fires occurred in Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin and enormous quantities of pine tim- ber were so badly scorched that in order to realize anything from it the timber had to be cut last winter. which in an ordinary year consumes a very large Accordingly, the western market, percentage of the cut of the north-western States, THE QUESTION OF THE DAY FOR SAW-MILL MEN. ‘“‘Can’t I make something out of mill waste more profitable than smoke.” was flooded with coarse lumber of an inferior - quality largely in excess of what it could use as its normal supply. The consequence was that this coarselumber overflowedin large quantities into the marketsoftheeasternand middle States, overstock- inganddemoralizing them, until coarse lumber was Fourthly, large quantities of southern pine are being cut each year, and it is finding a market further and tur- ther north until now it is actually competing with Ontario coarse lumber in the United States as far north as the south shore of Lake Ontario. It will be easily understood, therefore, from what has been stated that during the past year the lumber trade has been in an unsatisfactory It is a matter of con- gratulation, however, that under such unfavor- able circumstances the revenue collected from woods and forests has been so large. With respect to the future, it is difficult to forecast what may happen. appear to be any grounds upon which to base and depressed condition. There does not expectations of immediate substantial improve- The western are overstocked with ment in the condition of the trade. lumber markets large quantities of inferior grades of lum- ber, which will have to go east, and there does not appear to be any ma- terial decrease in the output of logs this present winter, besides which large stocks of last year’s logs are still on hand, more than sufficient to equal any possible decrease that may take place in the output this season. ‘TIMBER SLIDE COMPANIES’ ACT. A BILL has been introduced in the On- tario Legislature by Hon. Mr. Hardy to amend certain sections of the Timber Slide Companies’ Act. the following are of most importance: Section 20 is amended by adding thereto the following: A detailed description of Among the amendments any repairs or renewals that may require to be made after the 31st day of December in the year to which said report relates and before the time of settling the tolls, together with an estimate of the cost there- of, and in case such repairs or renewals are actually made before the settling of the tolls, the cost therefor may be taken into consideration in fixing such tolls and such estimated cost of such repairs or renewals shall be advertised along with the schedule of tolls as provided in section 8a of this Act. The amendments to section 42 are in- tended to protect the companies from mis repreSentation as to the quantity of logs to be floated in order to reduce the rate of tolls and read ‘‘ And in case any owner or person in charge shall, knowingly or wilfully, falsely return a larger quantity than it is his intention or the intention of such proprietor or person in charge to pass over any of said sections, the company shall be entitled in addition to any other remedies it may have, to collect tolls on the differ- ence between the quantity so falsely estimated and the quantity actually passing over the works.” Section 46 is amended by adding thereto the following words, to provide for payment for the advantages derived from the holding dam: ‘‘But in case of a holding dam where it is made to appear that the use of the water held therein is necessary to enable parties to drive their logs or timber through or over other parts of the works, and that such logs or timber could not be driven through or over such other parts of the works or some of them with- out such holding dam, then the Commissioner of Crown Lands may fix such tolls for the use of the waters of the holding dam as shail appear adequate and reasonable.” The amendment to section 54 provides that such com- panies shall within two years from the date of incorpora- tion complete the works required by their charter, unless further time is granted by order of the Commissioner of Crown Lands or by a by-law of the county in which the works are situate. 4 HE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1896 CORRESPONDENCE Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades. To secure insertion all communications must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for publication. The publisher will not hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. A PLEA FOR ORGANIZATION. OweEN SounpD, March 11th, 1896. To the Editor of the CANADA LUMBERMAN : S1r,—Owing to the depression in the hardwood lumber trade in the States, it is necessary that the lumbermen look to the English market for the disposal of their lum- ber. A good deal of Canadian lumber at present goes to the English market by way of New York. In order to have a direct market for our lumber, it would be to our advantage to send a representative from here with samples of our different kinds of hardwoods in the rough and smooth. To do this it would be necessary for the lumbermen of each county to send a delegate to a conven- tion in Toronto, at which a delegate should be appointed to represent them in the Old Country. If the mill men and dealers would take this matter up in each county, there would not be any difficulty in raising sufficient funds to defray expenses, irrespective of any government assistance. With the assistance of the CANADA LUMBERMAN we might, next fall, during Exhibition time, have a meeting of all the lumbermen in Ontario, which would greatly assist to advance the interests of the trade. Yours truly, Wo. Foster. “ CUT-OFFS.” HEPWORTH STATION, ONT., 2nd March, 1896. To the Editor of the CanapaA LUMBERMAN: Sir,—I have read your article entitled ‘‘ Cut-offs.” There is a sinful waste of timber by allsaw millers who are endeavoring to manufacture 1st and znd hardwood lum- ber. mon, manufacturers will have to continue facing a deficit on the output of their hardwood saw mills. I will be pleased to obtain an order for piece stock to be cut from 4/4 and 5/4 maple, birch, beech, ash and rock and soft elm if prices can be obtained to cover labour and leave something for the stock. I am now cutting from dry maple and birch boards, pieces from 1x4 to 1x7, 4’ to 6’ long, and stacking them up in anticipation of an order. In your illustration in the March LUMBERMAN you have scarcely put the rock elm matter correct. Unless an outlet can be found for culls and com- I enclose you statement as I think I presented to you recently in a let- ter you printed over my signature in a former issue : To 5 coo ft. rock elm logs @ $5.00..... .-+e+eeeeeee oe $25.00 To Cost of mant’g. 5,000 ft. with interest on capital @ SEE ceote et IE RRO See ESM DI OCR TG MAAC te By 1,000 ft. clear stuff in U.S......-..2--seeeneeeeee $ By Loss to be made up from 4,000 ft. of coarse stock.. 18.00 18.25 $36.25 Yours truly, J. E. Murpuy. IMPORTATION OF LUMBER IN FRANCE, BORDEAUX, LE., February 28th, 1896. To the Editor of the CAanaDA LUMBERMAN: DEAR Sir,—I enclose you an extract from the Bor- deaux custom records of importations at this port, show- ing importations of spruce, pine and all construction lum- ber and timber from 1890 to 1895, inclusive. This will give you an idea of the importance of this market, and show the source of our supply, in which Canada has heretofore played a very small part. You will note the falling off of importations from Norway and Germany and the augmentation of the Russian and Swedish, the former having for the last three years had the major share of our You will also note our importations of hard- woods fell off last year; this is owing to an important stock being left over from 1894, and a general depression in the hardwood market during 1895. I hope to have in hand very soon a similar table for other ports of France ; meantime I ask your attention to the enclosed. Our market continues firm and quiet, and buyers are holding off for concessions in prices; but as English markets are paying better prices than those offered here, it makes your sellers temporarily indifferent. The uncer- tainty of freights has prompted shippers not to speculate. For the moment all proposed-deals are in abeyance. Few business. _ servative interest, if any transactions have been consummated. One of your big shippers offered here recently a cargo of say, 400 to soo stds., 25% 3x9, 75% 3x7 and 3x8, @ 160 francs, C. and F. Bordeaux. As buyers maintain their ideas at 150 to 155 francs per std. C. and F., there were no takers for this offer. Hardwood remains inactive, with a small inquiry for Canada elm in dressed logs. IMPORTATION OF WOOD FOR CONSTRUCTION, BORDEAUX. 1890 | 1891 1892 1893 1894 | 1895 Cubic | Cubic | Cubic | Cubic | Cubic | Cubic = a Metres | Metres | Metres | Metres | Metres | Metres 2 0 = 2 =| — Pa ae Belgium IL 83 25 | Russia..... 30,230] 82,758] 73,477] 43,774] 64,132] 55,597 £62 | Norway 7,268! 2,450] 2,949) 3,046/ 1,409 100 i, % } Sweden .| 48.370] 68,837] 21,594] 20174] 40,1&9| 33,705 s&.5 Germany....... 2,05| 5,728 150 170 406 o “'S | Various others, 509 eee Ree principally U.- HAA z S.A. & Canada| 13,209] 27,280] 6,855] 8,0:0! 10 460) 20,905 Totals....| 101,127] 187,064] 55,025! 85,154] 116,859] 11¢ 307 Oak & cther hardwood or . for construction pur- ses pri Ily oak, power From all{| 2396, 3:783| 3.438] 54756) 6,205) 1781 GAUNETIES 5 ncie3 seem The above figures were taken from the Bourse by my- self, and are an exact extract of the official Custom House record of importations. Yours truly, Gro. ALFRED MAGIE. THE LATE JOHN BRYSON, M.P. WE are enabled to present in this issue to the readers of the LUMBERMAN a portrait of the late Tue LaTE JoHN Bryson, M. P. Mr. John Bryson, statesman and lumberman, whose sudden death has already been recorded in this journal. Mr. Bryson, in partnership with Mr. Alexander Fraser, carried on extensive lum- bering operations on the Upper Coulogne, under the style of Bryson & Fraser, which firm were also the owners of large timber limits. The deceased was the second son of the late Hon. George Bryson, and was born at Fort Coulogne, Que., on November 30th, 1849. He received his elementary education in his native village, afterwards attending the British American Business College, Toronto, and also taking a course in the military school at Montreal. He entered his father’s office as clerk at an early age, and became a partner in his business in 1870. Two years later he started on his own account, and in 1873 formed a partnership with his brother George, which lasted twenty years. At that time the partnership was formed which existed up to the time of his death. Mr. Bryson entered public life as Mayor of Mansfield in 1882, and in the same year was elected to the Dominion House of Parliament as the representative for Pontiac county in the Con- At the general elections of 1887 he was again successful, defeating the Liberal candidate by a large majority. In 1891 there was a three-cornered contest, and by a di- vision of the Conservative vote Mr. Bryson was defeated, the constituency falling into the hands of Mr. Thomas Murray, Liberal. Mr. Murray, however, being unseated, Mr. Bryson defeated him at the bye-election the following year, and has since that time represented the county. In the year 1874 Mr. Bryson married Miss Mary Bryson, daughter of the late Thomas Bryson, M.P.P., who died seven years later. — About two years ago he married Miss White, of Montreal, who, with two children, survive him. In his private life the subject of our sketch en- joyed the reputation of being an honest, upright and charitable man. The riches which he had emassed were won by personal industry and hard work, he being a business man of recognized merit and standing. In religion he was a Presby- terian, and will be much missed in the courts of that body. The estate of Mr. Bryson is valued at half a million dollars, and includes real estate, bank stock, mortgages, etc. In his will he provides amply for his wife and children, and requests that his share of the timber limit held with Mr. George Bryson, jr., shall be sold within a reasonable time. For a photograph of Mr. Bryson we are in- debted to the courtesy of Mr Geo. B. Campbell, who has been intimately connected with his lum- bering interests for some time. UNITED STATES FOREST RESOURCES. Some valuable statistics regarding the extent, condition and consumption of the forest resources of the United States have recently been compiled by Mr. B. E. Fernow, Chief of the Division of Forestry. The forest area of that country is placed at slightly less than 500,000,000 acres. On the Pacific Coast and in the Rocky Mountains hardwoods are rare, the growth being mainly spruce, fir and bull pine. In the Southern States are found hardwoods and pine, with spruce, fir and hemlock in small quantities. Large quanti- ties of hardwood are found in the Northern States, while spruce is predominant in the Eastern States. A rough estimate of standing timber places the amount at 2,300,000,000,000 feet, and the total annual cut is given as 40,000,000,000 feet B. M., 12,000,000,000 feet of which is pine, 5,000,000,000 spruce and fir, 3,000,000,000 oak, and 7,000,000,000 other hardwoods. The con- sumption increases from decade to decade in greater proportion than the population, and new industries like the wood pulp industry, add con- stantly to the demand. The imports of wood and other forest products amounts to between twentyvand thirty million dollars annually, and the exports between twenty- five and thirty million dollars. The average price per thousand feet of the various woods is: White oak, $30.70; other oaks, $34.90; hard pine, $24.40; white pine, $34.70; fir, $21.00; spruce, $20.00; cedar, $40.00; cypress, $31.60. The annual loss by fire is in the neighborhood of $25,- 000,000. John Reid has the. contract of cutting and hauling lumber for Penber Bros., of Hiberni, N. B., who own a portable saw mill at Summer Hill They will cut about 100,000 feet, a. a i PS APRIL, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 LUMBERING IN THE NORTH-WEST. Manirosa and the Northwest Territories, al- though famous for their grain production, are not without considerable timber resources. In the northern and eastern portions of Manitoba large quantities of spruce are to be found, while border- ing on Manitoba to the east is a large timber country, extending for hundreds of miles. A large portion of Saskatchewan and Alberta ter- ritories are covered with timber, and farther north again in the unorganized regions there are vast forests. The principal source of lumber supply for Manitoba and the eastern portion of Assiniboia territory is the Lake of the Woods region. The mills of this district are located at and near Rat Portage, on the main line of the C.P.R. At this point the railway touches the lake, thus affording shipping advantages for the lumber, while the lakes and streams running into it afford facilities for gathering in the saw logs to the mills. The lumber cut at Lake of the Woods is principally white pine, with some red pine. About two years ago the mills at this point were amalgamated into the Ontario and Western Lumber Company, a descrip- tion of whose mills appeared in the Can- ADA LUMBERMAN for January last. “The company owns six mills at Rat Portage and Keewatin, lately have establish- eda sash, door and box factory in con- nection with their business. They em- ploy about 500 men. and At Keewatin a large mill is operat- ed by the Keewatin Lumber Company, an illustration of which is herewith presented. The ca- pacity of the mill is fifteen million feet per annum. Mr. Richard Fuller, of Hamilton, Ont., is president of the company, Mr. John Mather, of Ottawa, managing director, and Mr. R. A. Mather, local manager. The mills have been running since 1880, cutting from 10 to 12 millions annually, the whole of which is shipped to Manitoba and the Northwest. The saw mill has a rotary and band mill, with the necessary edgers, trimmers, etc., and has a capacity of about one hundred thousand feet per day. The planing mill is supplied with the latest machinery for making flooring, siding, ceiling, mouldings, etc. The motive power is water, of which there is an unlimited supply from the Lake of the Woods, and the planing mill is run all winter. The supply of logs has been chiefly ob- tained for some years from Minnesota, being driven down streams tributary to Rainy River, and thence towed across the Lake of the Woods to the mills. The company have also large limits on the Lake of the Woods and adjacent country. Tributary to Lake Winnipeg is a large area of timber country, and a portion of the Manitoba supply is drawn from this region. principal timber cut there. Spruce is the Winnipeg has one saw mill of considerable capacity, which cuts logs brought down tribu- taries of the Red river, from a timber district in south-eastern Manitoba. The timber and red pine, spruce, etc. Another mill is located at Whitemouth, on the C. P. R., east of Winni- peg, and still another mill is at Brandon, the latter is white supplied with spruce timber brought down the Assiniboine river from the Riding Mountain dis- trict. Manitoba, though there are a number of smaller These comprise the principal mills of mills at other points engaged in sawing for local trade. In the northern portion of the organized terri- tories, Prince Albert and Edmonton are the prin- Both these towns are situated on the North Saskatchewan river, though a long distance apart. At Prince Albert, par- cipal lumbering points. ticularly, the lumber industry has assumed con- siderable importance. In Western Alberta, comprising a portion of the Rocky Mountains and bordering country, KEEWATIN LUMBER Co.’s MILLS, KEEWATIN, ONT. there is abundance of timber, and there are several mills on the line of the C. P. R. in the Bow river valley, in Alberta, principally at Cal- gary. The western portions of the territories draw their supply of lumber principally from these Alberta mills, or from British Columbia. There are several mills on the main line of the C. P. R. in the eastern portion of British Columbia, which ship lumber eastward into the prairie country, but they cannot ship as far east as Manitoba to advantage. The large coast mills of British Columbia also send considerable lumber into the prairie country, but only special classes of lumber are shipped as far east as Winnipeg. Lumber from the British Columbia coast mills which comes to Winnipeg is principally cedar siding and fir flooring. In common boards, dimension, etc., they cannot com- pete with the pine and spruce cut so much nearer to the Manitoba consuming markets. British Columbia red cedar shingles, however, have come into general use in Manitoba, owing to their su- perior quality as compared with the native pine. J. W. HOWRY & SONS, FENELON FALLS, ONT. Tue above firm are making preparations for a greatly increased business, and are erecting an addition to their mill 20x 100 feet, besides pro- viding additional office room. Private offices will be afforded for Mr. Howry, Mr. Swan, Mr. Perrin, and Mr. Lee. An illustration and brief description of their planing mill and box factory at Fenelon Falls appeared in our issue of September, 1895. Hitherto the firm have run what are technically called two mills, that is to say, there are two saws, two carriages, two steam feeds and two “niggers,” etc. ; and the addition mentioned above is to cover a ‘‘third”’ mill, which will in- crease the capacity fifty per cent. An Allis bandsaw, 48 feet long, is to be put in, and three steel carriages, two of which are to The Prescott saws The additional machinery will necessitate additional power, and a 56-inch wheel, made by Paxton, Tate & Co., of Port Perry, is to be put in to run the planing The work is nearing com- replace those used last year. now in use are to be retained. mill and box factory. pletion, and it is ex- ~ pected that the ma- the buildings will be run- chinery in all ning night and day The logs enough in Cameron early in April. firm have lake to make about 15,000,000 feet of lumber, in the vicinity of their nine shanties at different and points out north enough logs to make about 40,000,000 ft. are skidded up. In 1894 the about 9,000,000 feet, mill cut and 25,000,000 feet in 1895, while nearly that amount is piled iin uehie yards. extensive The firm had 250 names on the pay-roll last year, and this season they expect to be able to get along with 325, as the improved machinery that has been introduced will enable them to cut fifty per cent. more lumber with an increase of less than fifty per cent. in the labor. Their books show that in the last two years they paid out $106,879 in wages alone to men employ- ed in Fenelon Falls, and they estimate that it will take $100,000 to pay the 325 to be employed this season. Mr. Swan is general manager, and Mr. John Thompson superintendent of the mills. Mr. C. L. Perrin is head bookkeeper and cashier, Mr. F. W. Stewart has charge of the planing mills, Mr. D. Lee is timekeeper and billing clerk, and Mr. W. S. Perry has charge of the timber yards. The Sutherland Innes Co. will make large additions to their works at Munusing, Mich. They will putin a two band saw mill and two factories, a slack barrel fac- tory and a syrup barrel factory. One millis almost built, two more have the machinery in and will be completed shortly, and the foundation is being laid for a fourth mill. The head office of the company is at Liverpool, Eng 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN APRIL, 1896 MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LumBERMAN Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the 1st day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance......- $1.00 One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... +50 Foreign Subscriptions, $2.00 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trad= in Canada information on which it can rely in Its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate zeport ct only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr: * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. ‘Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the’notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ““WanTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posl- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce: ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. —————————————— SO —————_—aa_ ee TARIFF LEGISLATION. TarirF legislation, however carefully framed, is prone to cause dissatisfaction, and the most that the authors can hope for is to promote the welfare of the majority. Every industry has at some time felt the effects of what has been con- sidered an unjust duty. That the lumber industry of Canada has been a great sufferer from tariff changes all will admit. Under the McKinley tariff which operated in the United States prior to September, 1894, an import duty on lumber entering that country was imposed, which, coupled with a general financial depression, well nigh crippled that industry in most provinces of the Dominion. By the Wilson bill which passed the United States Senate in the fall of 1894, lumber became a free import, but the advantages to be derived therefrom were greatly lessened by a rul- ing of the Board of General Appraisers as to what constituted dressed lumber. Again, the Dominion government imposed an export duty on saw logs, which operated unfavorably for American manufacturers, who finally succeeded in having the duty removed. At the present time, when the lumbering in- dustry in Canada shows signs of revival, a request has been made to the Dominion government by the pulp manufacturers, to impose an export duty on spruce wood, in the hope of developing pulp manufacture in Canada. On another page will be found the opinions of several interested per- sons. The expediency of such a move is open to question. While it might result in developing the manufacture of pulp in Canada, the general effect of such a duty upon the entire lumber in- terest of the Dominion should be carefully con- sidered. Mr. Rowley, of the E. B. Eddy Co., speaks of retaliatory measures, and quotes the statement of Mr. Whitney that the United States govern- ment will not impose an import duty on Canadian Mr. Rowley has evidently forgotten the wording of the Wilson bill, paragraph 683 of which reads as follows: ‘‘ Provided that all the articles mentioned, when imported from any lumber. country which lays an export duty or imposes discriminating stumpage dues on any of them, shall be subject to the duties existing prior to the passage of this Act.” It will be clearly seen that in the event of an export duty on pulp wood, the duty imposed by the McKinley bill immediately comes into force, which would not only affect spruce lumber, which is principally used for pulp wood, but also pine, hardwood, shingles, and other lumber products. It is claimed that eighty per cent. of the spruce wood of North America is to be found in Canada, and that American pulp manufacturers must look to Canada for their supply. No statistics are available to verify this statement, but it is known that vast quantities of spruce are yet to be found in Maine, and a few years ago the eastern mar- kets of the United States were so flooded that it was found necessary to organize the Northeastern Lumbermen’s Association to control prices. And who can foretell what changes a few years may bring? Poplar has already been used with success as a pulp wood, and ere many years have passed the demand for our spruce may have ma- terially diminished. It is improbable that any action will be taken by the government in the matter at the present session. Before another session is called a gen- eral election will have taken place, the result of which will have a bearing on the question. In the lumber industry in Canada there is an in- vested capital of nearly $100,000,000, the annual wage list is $30,000,000, and the annual output is valued at $110,000,000. These figures and the circumstances above mentioned should be carefully considered before action is taken. THE ECONOMICS OF LUMBERING. WE had something to say last month under the heading of ‘‘ Cut-Offs ” on the subject of the utilization of the bi-products of the mill which are now to a large extent destroyed. This is a subject to which mill owners should turn their attention. Years ago when raw material was abundant, there did not exist the same necessity for studying the economics of the business. With rapidly disappearing forests and steadily increasing competition among manufacturers of lumber, it has become necessary, in order to secure profit out of the business, that use should be found for every part of the tree. Some of our mill men have already come to recognize this fact, and are turning their attention to specialities, out of which they are making a satisfactory profit. Some of these specialities might, at first glance, appear insignificant, but on closer investigation it will be found that the demand is sufficiently large to warrant a certain number of manufacturers in devoting particular attention tothem. We know at least one firm in Ontario who are making a specialty of butcher’s skewers. They have in- vented special machinery for the purpose of “manufacturing these skewers in the most perfect and economical manner, and we believe are doing a prosperous trade. There are doubtless specialties of like character for which an equally profitable demand might be found. y We had a conversation with a mill man not long ago who was endeavoring to organize a company for the manufacture of cloth boards, that is, boards from 7” to 10” wide and from 27” to 33” long, and rounded on the sides and ends, used by cloth manufacturers to place in the centre of rolls of cloth. This gentleman had inquired into the matter and found that a large demand exists for these boards, principally from the cloth The boards at present in use are principally made of bass- wood, and are imported largely from the United States. It is believed that spruce would be quite as suitable a wood for this purpose, and if machinery could be obtained which would manu- facture the boards at one operation, no doubt a profitable business might be done. These illustrations are given to show that our manufacturers should investigate the openings for specialties such as those we have mentioned, in the manufacture of which less competition and a greater amount of profit might be met. manufacturing districts of England. FOREST PRESERVATION. Ir is pleasing to observe the increased agita- tion for forest protection which comes from That the better protection of our forests from the ravages of fire is absolutely necessary is becom- ing more apparent each year. It is earnestly to be hoped that this increased interest in the mat- ter will result in some action being taken by the local governments. The detrimental effects of forest destruction upon water supplies, vegetable growth, crop results, etc., have already been proven, and re- quire no further verification. Frequently fisher- men and prospectors are largely to blame for these fires. The former, after kindling a-fire, do not take the necessary precautions to prevent its spread, while the prospectors start fires to almost every province of the Dominion. remove the wood from the land in order to facili- tate the search for minerals. Dr. Bell, in his recent lecture at the Canadian Institute, on ‘‘The Forests and Forest Trees of Canada,” advanced the opinion, based upon his experience, that many of the fires which occur in pine forests are caused by lightning.- This opinion refers especially to red pine, the resinous nature of which makes it very susceptible to ignition by lightning stroke, and which, when ignited, burns so fiercely that the fire travels at a remarkable speed, even jumping rivers in its course, and destroying countless thousands of dollars worth of timber in a few hours of time. The division of the province into districts with a fire commissioner over each, on the lines of the system in operation in Algonquin Park, would seem to be the most feasible means of preventing the spread of fire. It would entail the expendi- ture of a few thousand dollars by each province, but this would be repaid with interest by the preservation of a large amount of valuable tim- ber. Complaint is also made that large quanti- | ties of small timber are wasted by the practice of lumbermen cutting every small tree found within their limits. This is a matter which might also be remedied by the government by more strictly enforcing the laws governing the ApRIL; 1896 size of trees to be cut. The government of the United States at the present time is considering the question of forest conservation, and has re- quested the National Academy of Sciences to suggest means to that end. EDITORIAL NOTES. In reading the reports of foreign markets, some dealers are probably at a loss to understand ‘the technical terms used. As a rule, in Great Britain lumber is sold where it is over an inch in thick- ness by the cubic foot, and where it is one inch or under without regard to its thickness. A “load” is equal to 40 cubic feet, or 600 feet board measure. A St. Petersburg ‘‘standard” is equal to 1,980 feet, and a Quebec “‘standard”’ to 2,750 feet of plank one inch thick. As will appear by our advertisement pages, there are a number of Canadian timber berths in the market at the present time. Our advices are that there is little or no demand from the United States at present for Canadian timber lands. This is believed to be attributable in a measure to the financial stringency which has prevailed across the border. If this has affected the situa- tion, the new American bond issue which has just been disposed of on such favorable terms, will doubtless tend to stimulate demand. To Mr. J. R. Booth, the well-known lumber- man of Ottawa, is due the credit of having opened up one of the most valuable timber sec- tions of the province of Ontario, by the construc- tion of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound. Railway. The road, as the name indicates, ex- tends from Ottawa to Parry Sound, and passes through a portion of the province which is heavily timbered, and which formerly was devoid of railway facilities. The contract for the last forty- seven miles has recently been awarded, and when completed, the road promises to be a keen com- petitor for the traffic of the upper lakes. Tue LuMBERMAN has recently been asked for particulars regarding the log cullers’ examina- tions which are held by the Ontario government. We are informed by Mr. White, Deputy Com- missioner of Crown Lands, that it is the intention in future to hold only one examination each year, unless the number of applicants should necessitate . a second examination. The most convenient point for the largest number of applicants is selected as the place of writing. We have en- deavored-to secure a copy of the last examination paper for publication, but as many of the questions are fundamental, it is not considered just to place it within reach of intending applicants. Ir is generally conceded that the outlook for the lumber business is brighter at the present time than for several years past. This is due partly to the fact that business conditions have somewhat improved, and also that it is now ap- parent that no injury is likely to result to the business by reason of tariff changes either on the part of the Canadian or American government. It is now conceded even by the Americans, who are most anxious that the United States govern- ment should re-impose an import duty on lumber, that such action will not be taken during the life of the present administration at least. This means that for two years at least we shall enjoy He CANADA LUMBERMAN | 5 settled conditions. The knowledge of this fact will have an important influence upon the business. It is impossible for trade to be satis- factory as long as uncertainty exists regarding the tariff. Now that this uncertainty is at an end, we may reasonably expect that business will steadily improve. WE have frequently referred to the attempts made by lumbermen to raft logs on the Pacific Several of the early undertakings in this direction proved disastrous, and resulted in large financial loss, the rafts going to pieces in storms. ocean. The advantage to be gained is a consider- But lumbermen are not easily discouraged, and last summer a large raft which was the Columbia river to San Francisco, proved an unqualified The report now comes to hand that preparations are being made for building another immense log raft at Puget Sound, to be towed by sea to San Francisco. The success of the venture will be watched with interest. able saving in freight. towed from Success. WE had occasion recently, for the benefit of a subscriber, to obtain some data relative to the cost of towing logs. As this is a subject on which there does not seem to be much informa- tion available, we deem 1t advisable to publish such data as we were able to obtain. From one of the largest Michigan lumber firms who bring their logs from the Georgian Bay district, we learn that the cost of towing is $1.25 per M to East Tawas and $1.50 per M to Bay City. It is difficult to accurately estimate the average per- centage of timber lost in passage, as the logs are estimated when put into rafts, and the only way of getting at the loss is to accept the report ot the man on the tug towing the raft. in this way, the loss usually runs from 25 to 1,000 A great deal depends on the weather. During the months of June, July and August, the loss is nominal. Unless booms are broken, it is always the small logs that get out, and ina great Estimating pieces. many cases red pine, on account of their floating so low in the water. As long as the tugs can hold strain on the booms, or chains do not break, experience has shown that rafts will stand as much rough water as the boats. CANADIAN manufacturers of dressed lumber, whose interests are affected by the recent United States Customs decision that dressed lumber en- tering the United States is dutiable, will be inter- ested in knowing that Messrs. Howry & Son, ot Fenelon Falls, Ont., have appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States against this decision. Messrs. Howry & Son hope to be able to upset the decision on American evidence. For ex- ample, Mr. J. W. Hotchkiss, United States ex- pert, said with regard to this question : ‘¢This is the first time in an experience dating from 1847 that I have ever heard it claimed that flooring and the like was not properly classed as ‘dressed’ rather than ‘manufactured’ Judge Daniels has also put his opinion on record as fol- lows: ‘‘When the Wilson bill was in conference I endeavored to get them to put an ad valorem duty on planed, matched, grooved and tongued lum- ber, but they did not pay the slightest heed to the arguments.” All this goes to show that the interpretation now put upon the tariff is the result of an afterthought, and is directly contrary to the views expressed at the time the Wilson bill was lumber.” under discussion in Congress. It is well known that Messrs. Howry & Son and other Canadian firms invested large amounts of money in machin- ery plant to enable them to manufacture dressed lumber for the American market, which invest- ments will be almost entirely valueless if the pre- sent interpretation of the tariff should be upheld. Messrs. Howry & Son are deserving of credit for having undertaken to fight this question single- handed, and it is to be hoped that other Canadian manufacturers, whose interests are similarly af- fected, will see it to be their duty to bear a share of the legal expenses incurred in bringing the matter to a final decision. ALGONQUIN PARK, AN interesting lecture was delivered at the Canadian Institute, Toronto, on the 29th of Feb- ruary, by Mr. W. Houston, M.A., on **Algonquin Park.” As most of our readers know, this park was set apart by the Ontario Government about three years ago as a reserve for fishing, hunting, and forestry purposes, its extent being 44 miles from north to south, and 40 miles from east to west, and containing an area of little less than one and a quarter million acres, about one-fifth of which is water. The country in which the park is situated contains numerous small rivers and streams, which were known to remain dry from May to September as a result of forest destruc- tion. It is therefore intended to make the park an object lesson in forestry. Its forest resources are of considerable value, the land being well The hard- wood will be preserved, but the Government has timbered with pine and hardwoods. granted licenses to lumbermen to cut the pine timber, and operations are now being actively carried on. Some idea of the quantity of pine timber in the park may be gathered from the fact that bonuses amounting to one and a quarter million dollars have been paid by lumbermen to the Ontario Government. Among the principal operators are Messrs. Gilmour & Co., of Trenton, who are cutting at the mouth of the Trent river, and the Whitney Lumber Co., who are operating the old Perley & The latter company have erected a large saw mill at Long Lake, where they have purchased 700 miles of timber limits. heretofore floated the logs to their saw mill at Trenton, and have spent upwards of $100,000 on Pattee limits on the south side of the park. The Gilmour Company have a plant to overcome the difficulties encountered in getting logs from the Muskoka river to the Trent river. In Trading Lake the logs are raised by an endless chain 60 or 70 feet, and dumped into an aqueduct, by which they are carried one and a quarter miles, from whence they are towed by alligator boats to the river. But this process of towing the logs is proving unsatisfactory, and the company are said to have made arrangements to erect a mill in the park. To protect the timber a staff of rangers is em- ployed, whose duty it is to patrol the park. The superintendent is Mr. John Simpson, who suc- ceeded the late Peter Thomson. “ One Hundred Years of American Commerce” is the title of a special centennial edition of the Shipping and Commercial List and New York Price Current, edited by Chauncey M. Depew, L.L.D., now in course of prepara- tion. An article on ‘American Lumber,” by B. E. Fer- now, Chief Division of Forestry, Washington, D.C., will be one of its prominent features. 8 THY CANADA LUMBEL RMA APRIL, 1896 AZ ia = ‘I RECENT WOOD-WORKING PATENTS. PaTeNTS for wood-working machinery have recently been granted in-Canada as follows : Saw GUARD. Patentee: L. C. Ringuette, Rhinelander, Wis., U.S., patented 15th January, 1896; 6 years. Claim.—The combination with a knot-sawing machine, provided with a circular saw and a receiving table located directly above said saw, of a saw guard capable of being swung laterally away from the saw for giving access to the latter, and comprising a horizontal portion, a curved downwardly and forwardly extending portion, a pendant vertical flange arranged upon one side of the saw and ex- tending downwardly to the forward end of the guard, the horizontal portion of said guard being provided with a pair of longitudinally elongated slots providing for the longitudinal adjustment of saw guard, one of said slots being closed and constituting a pivot slot, and the other being T-shaped, or provided with a lateral branch opening out at one side of the longitudinal portion. ee. SNE é ©) oS ad Sad 4; c a an aay MACHINE FOR POINTING BUTCHERS’ SKEWERS. Patentee: Frederick Harrison, Owen Sound, Ont., patented 24th January, 1896; 6 years. Claim.—In a skewer pointing machine, a table hav- ing the form of an ellipse and made adjustable endways and sideways, a combination of the hopper W, the roller Z, the short corrugated feeding roller V, the table L, L, the cutter head S, S, journalled inside the ellipse of said table, the belts H, H, and the carriers g, g. A combination of an elliptical table such as L, L, the cutter head S, S, carried by a shaft, journalled within the elliptical table, and the belts H, H, substantially as shown and for the purposes set forth. A cutter fora skewer pointing ma- chine having a head with bevelled sides, a set of curved and bevelled knives b, b, anda set of straight bevelled knives c, Cc, substantially as shown and for the purposes set forth. George Long, manufacturer of sashes and doors, Sherb-ooke, Que., is about to rebuild his factory. NOTES ON WOOD-WORKING. By Jos, In LumBER WorLD. The dust-collector is the salvation of the modern worker in wood. Wood-working establishments of the latest model are great improvements over those of five, ten or fifteen years ago. The newer plants are better lighted, better ventilated, better and more solidly built, freer from dust, and more scien- tifically arranged than the older plants. The result is apparent in greater production, better production and cheaper production. There are great possibilities in the development. of the beauties of different woods by the simple process of sawing. A visit to a furniture factory will convince a wood-worker that the effects in the way of grain and figuring obtained by sawing are varied and beautiful, and that each furniture wood can be made to show new and attractive effects if manipulated by men who know more than the a bc of their business. Among the curiosities in wood-working is the amount of work that is expended in making one of the lighter, cheaper woods resemble one or another of the heavier and more expensive woods. One late German process of making pine look like ebony is so long, employs so many handlings, calls for so many dyes, necessitates so much labor, production that the and other elements of ‘‘ebonized pine,” finished, would cost more than a similar quantity time, material when of real ebony. Furthermore, the German count- erfeit ebony could never be mistaken for real ebony by any person who had ever seen ebony. Is it not a waste of material and skill to produce such things? So old and so highly developed is the planing- machine that one would hardly expect to find in use a planer in these days that does not do at Yet one does find such planers here and there. least passable work. In company with a rival highwayman I visited last month a mill in which three planers were at work, or, rather, at play.or riot, All three were being ‘‘ rushed,” and all were turning out stock that was called ‘‘planed,” but it was really corrugated stock, quite fit for use as washboard material without further treatment. Could we two experienced highwaymen convince the infatuated owner of those three corrugators that he really needs three Not a bit of it! He is satisfied. His patrons have to be satisfied, for there is no competitor within reach, and thus the situation is fixed and will remain fixed until some com- petitor drops into that town, builds a mill, puts in some real planers, and shows the natives what real planed lumber is. real planers? Some don’ts: Don’t place your boiler, your engine, or a single machine in your shop until you have a complete diagram to indicate the best possible disposition of your equipment. Don’t leave anything to chance, but lay out a plan according to your best judgment. Don’t put in dark places machines that are intended to do fine and accurate work. Don’t accept machines which the manufacturers are not willing to let you test fairly. Don’t buy equipment on the ‘‘cheap” plan. Don’t expect the $600 machine bought for $350 to do the work of the $600 machine bought for $600. Don’t expect the ‘‘great reduction in price” to go unaccompanied always by a corresponding reduction in the actual working power and value of the machine. Don’t ignore every law of common sense and expect to come out successful in the end. A NEW BOX MACHINE, WE present herewith an illustration of: an im- proved box-corner grooving machine, which has lately been placed upon the market. Owing to the increasing demand for wood boxes of all kinds, some valuable inventions have recently A New Box MACHINE. been brought out. It is claimed for this machine that, while it decreases the cost, the production is increased and the quality of the work main- tained. It is designed especially for making the lock corner for boxes and similar work, and does this rapidly and perfectly. It has a patent power feed and automatic or self-clamping and releasing device for holding the work or pieces to be grooved firmly, and bringing it up past the saws, and on returning releases the work immediately, soon as through saws, ready for operator to re- verse ends, or to put in another piece of work. The machine is simple in construction, having no intricate or complicated parts, and has an emery-grinding device attached for keeping the cutters in good condition. This machine will cut from thin stock one-six- teenth of an inch thick to twelve inches thick in the block; or it will take any number of thin pieces up to twelve inches. This allows of the work being done either in the block or after it has It is also suitable for use on either large or small box work, and been resawed into thin pieces. can be operated by a boy. The highest trees in the world belong toa species of eucalypti found in Australia. Single specimens have grown to a height exceeding four hundred feet. .. 2 Stee ree APRIL, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN - NOVA SCOTIA LETTER. {Special Correspondence of the CanapDa LUMBERMAN]: The winter, generally speaking, has been above the average for carrying on lumber operations, although the snow came rather late and went off to soon to suit the most of the operators. The hard weather during Decem- ber and January enabled lumbermen to make excellent preparations for work, and when the snow did come, about the 25th of January, the quantity was just right for carrying on the work to the best advantage, and there was no lost time on account of broken weather. Every day was such as to permit of work, until the rain came about the 4th of March, when the most of the large operators decided to close the principal part of their operations, and only work a small number of men where they could do so to advantage. The prospect in the early part of the winter was that considerably more than the usual cut would result, especially if the weather ran pretty well through March, but as the fourth of March nearly closed operations, a cut of about three- quarters is all that can be counted on. The feeling generally amongst lumbermen is for a fairly good market this season. Some of the principal commission houses of Boston and New York have sent their men through the lumber sections of the province soliciting consignments, and they report the outlook for the year better than for some years past. The advance in price in the English markets for deals, together with the comparative light supply for the season, prompts the mill men who have gang mills to cut for that market. The old rule in whist, ‘‘ Lead trump when in doubt,” can be applied with a slight change, thus: ‘When in doubt, saw deals"’—they always sell. The portable saw mills along the line of the I. C. R. from Westchester towards Halifax have been fully employed sawing deals to be shipped via Halifax, which are now being for- warded by rail for early shipment. Below are some of the principal men in this business: [. G. McMullen & Co., of Truro, ship from twenty five to thirty million feet. This firm built a new mill at Ellershouse,on the Dominion Atlantic Railway, last fall. The machinery was supplied and put in by the Waterous . Engine Works Co., of Brantford, Ontario; the power is water, and the mill is the celebrated “¢ Allis” band, with all the modern appliances for taking logs into the mill and hauling the The firm expect to have five sawn product. million feet sawn there this season. Every Canadian Province has its ‘lumber king,” and Mr. McMullen enjoys that title for this pro- vince—although it is said he is hard pressed to retain it by several other lumbermen, promi- nent among whom are J. W. Hickman, Am- herst, and E. D. Davison & Sons, of Bridge- “water. W. J. Kent, Truro, ships from eight to ten million feet of deals, sawn principally by port- able mills in the vicinity of Truro, Debert and Shubenacadie. L. R. Rettie, Truro, runs two portable mills in Hanis Co., sawing about two and a half million feet. R. C. Ervin, Shubenacadie, has a portable mill a few miles out, and saws one and a half million feet. Lantz & Co., with a steam mill at Milford Station which saws, in the summer season, one million feet, also have a portable mill which they run in the winter near Enfield Station. Their cut is about seven hundred and fifty thous- and feet in this mill, a part of which is hardwood. There are a number of portable mills in other sections along the I. C.R. and a few miles back, which also run in the winter, sawing lumber for different parties who sell to the principal shippers. There is one industry in Truro which it would not be fair to pass with a word, as the firm use a large quantity f logs that is not otherwise of much value. The firm is John Lewis & Son. The principal wood they use is white | birch, from which they make shoe pegs, shoe sole stiffen- \ ers, lasts, and capsules for bottles, besides a variety of _ small wares along these lines. The white birch is valu- ‘able for spool wood, anda few years ago there were DOUGLAS several mills making spool squares, but latterly the supply was not sufficient to keep the mills going, and they re- moved to other places. The Messrs. Lewis buy the white birch along the line of railway in small lots from the farmers. They employ about thirty hands, some of whom are girls, said to be better for some of their work than the sterner sex. The largest mill in this section of country is at Stew- iacke, owned by Alfred Dickie. The mill is steam power, gang and rotary, capacity, séVenty-five thousand ft. per day often hours. Mr. Dickie’s intention was to get out twelve million feet this season, but the early breaking up of winter has resulted in reducing it to ten million feet. He cuts deals and ships from Halifax. T. N. McGrath is the superintendent of Mr. Dickie’s logging and milling opera- tions, and the results in both branches of the business prove him to be a very efficient man. Mr. Dickie owns Fir TREES ALONG BURRARD INLET ROAD, NEAR VANCOUVER, B. C. large areas of timber land on the Stewiacke river, and keeps adding to it whenever opportunity occurs. The logs are driven about forty miles. The mill is at the head of tide water alongside the I.C. R. The deals are loaded directly from mill onto cars, so the extra handling is saved, and he certainly gets the ‘maximum of work at the minimum of cost” in his lumber operations. William Chisholm, of Halifax, has mills at Sheet Har- bor, about eighty miles east of Halifax, on the Atlantic coast. He is a successful lumberman. The mill is water power, gang and rotary, and saws principally English deals, ships in schooners to Halifax, thence by steamer His cut this year is about five and a half million feet. He controls all the timber tributary to the East river, Sheet Harbor, and has Mr. Daniel or sailing vessel as opportunity offers. facilities for dressing lumber for any market. Chisholm is superintendent. Hill & French, Musquodoboit Harbor, thirty miles east of Halifax, on the Atlantic coast, are also good examples of successful lumbermen. Their mill is water power, gang, with lath, box, stave and heading machines. The output this year will reach five million feet. They, with Mr. L. Hill, formerly owned the Ship Harbor property, but dissolved lately, Mr. L. Hill taking the latter. The mill was burned last summer. Mr. Hill is now cruising the Liscombe lands, and if satisfactory will build a mill there, and let Ship Harbor rest a while. The Young Bros. Co., Ltd., Parrsboro, purchased the N. L. Todd & Co. property at St. Margaret's Bay, twenty miles west of Halifax, on the Atlantic coast. They are getting out about five million feet there, and will saw for the best market, English, American or South American. They are also logging extensively at River Hubert and Newville, Cumberland Co. Mr. D. P. Young superin- tends the two latter mills, and Mr. B. F. Young is moving his family to St. Margaret's Bay, and will superintend the mill there. The Gold River Lumber Co., Gold River, N. S., are putting in about the usual quantity of logs—four million feet. They sawed all their logs out last year and will not start up until the new logs come in, about the 1st of June. Mr. T. G. Nichol, of Mahone Bay, is one of the principal owners and the manager. He hasa rotary mill at Mahone bay, which saws half a million feet, and is also lumbering at Mitchell Brook, Queens Co., N. S., getting out one million feet, with a portable mill to saw it. E. D. Davison & Sons, Ltd., Bridgewater, are the largest operators in Nova Scotia. They control all the lumber on the La Have River, with two gang mills at Bridgewater, and one gang and rotary mill at Alpena, on the Nova Scotia Central Railway. 2 i ue eo They also buy lumber from small mills along this line of rail- road, shipping their lumber from Bridgewater in the summer and Lunenburg in the winter. They saw largely for South America, Canary Islands and other places not so well-known to the ordinary mill man, and have the repu- tation of getting good prices. Lunenburg county has more saw and shingle mills within its borders than any county in the Dominion. A mill owner has been known to take his team of oxen, working with head yoke such as is seen in very few places outside the county, go to the woods, get a log, haul it to the mill, saw it into shingles, load on his waggon, and go to Bridgewater or Liverpool, trade the shingles for a barrel of flour and take it home, taking three to four days’ time in the operation. This he would call “ business.”’ While it may not be business in the ordinary acceptation of the term, it is getting compara- tively quick returns. Lumbermen are pro- verbially hospitable, and Lunenburg lumber- men are no exception to the rule. Wi J.P ee There is an absolute necessity for advertis- ing; there is great eagerness to compete for attention, and no one gets it unless it is by giving, aSit were, so many strokes of the hammer, one after the other, to compel the people to notice what is going on.—W. E. Gladstone. In New York, it is said, there are 500 men who make a living selling sawdust. They have invested a capital of over $200,000, and are now doing a business of $2,000,- ooo annually. Forty years ago the lumber mills were glad to have sawdust carted away ; 25 years ago it could be bought for 50 cents a load ; now it brings $3.50 a load at the mills. London, England, receives more deals from Sweden than from any other country, and half as many from Russia as from Sweden. She receives more from Russia than from the St. Lawrence and more from Norway than from New Brunswick. More than four times as many spruce deals are shipped to London from the St. Law- rence as from the Lower provinces, while the ship- ments to London of pine deals from the St. Law- is nearly equal to the aggregate of spruce London rence deals thus shipped. many deals from Finland as she does from New Bruns- wick, receives two-thirds as THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ApRIL, 1896. I macine that I am not the only individual who has more than once since the opening of the new year asked himself the question :. “ What is the meaning of the long list of business failures we see chronicled week by week in the news- papers? Does it mean that, instead of experi- encing improved conditions, as many have told us we shall, things are going from bad to worse?” After having revolved this question in my mind for a month or more without being able to arrive at a satistactory solution, I fired it without warning at the manager of one of our leading banks, whom I chanced the other day to meet. His answer was reassuring, and therefore I have thought it advisable to quote it here. He said, ‘‘I think this batch of failures is the last we shall see for some time to come. It is, I think, the wind-up of that class of people who were caught without sufficient capital in the recent commercial depression. Without the means to weather the storm, they have one after another I think, as I have said, that So: far as gone to the wall. we are now seeing the last of them. my observation goes, I am led to believe that the business situation is undoubtedly improv- ing, and those who have managed to pull through the gale may now expect smoother sailing.”” So mote it be. * * * Stow trade conditions, such as have prevailed in the lumber business during the past year or two, if of no other advantage, certainly cause men to think. I have recently been wondering what is to be the future of white pine in Ontario, and must confess to being somewhat puzzled on the subject. While talking along this line a few days ago, Mr. J. H. Eyer, lumber merchant, of Toronto, remarked to me: ‘‘It appears to me that white pine, which was some years ago the rich man’s lumber, is now the poor man’s lumber. What I mean by this is, that hardwoods are to some extent replacing white pine in the construc- tion of many of our best buildings. And as to prices, I would not be surprised if a further de- cline should take place, as I do not believe we have struck rock bottom yet. Why, Michigan is full of lumber, while at Duluth I hear there are three hundred million feet. But we are becoming quite familiar with hard times, and are learning to regulate our expenses accordingly.” I do not hold quite as pessimistic a view of white pine prospects as Mr. Eyer, but neverthess, it certainly would seem that when prices for pine reached the point where a living profit was made, tariff changes, slow building operations, keen compe- tition, or some other drawback, prevented the possibility of any further advance. * * * Messrs. Clark Bros., of Digby, N.S., are extensive lumber exporters, one of their markets being in Cuba. When asked what effect the war had upon trade in that country, one of the firm said : ‘‘ So far as we are concerned, we find very little difference as yet on lumber in.a direct way. The market is uncertain, and we make it a point to be sure of our bearings before we start. But we are finding a difference in the way freights are affected. It is becoming hard to pick up a profit- able return freight. We have a letter now, six days old, from our captain in port, in which he says he can see the fields of cane burning as he looks from his vessel. This, of course, is taking some of the profits off the business, and the end is not yet. We also ship largely to the West Indies, but are working into the South American markets. We have of late years shipped quite extensively to Argentine, and will also this season. A great deal depends upon how matters in Cuba will end.” * * Scag As a rule, things in this world even themselves up pretty fairly, if they are given time enough in which to do it. A case in point is the present condition and prospects of the shingle trade. For several years things went from bad to worse with the shingle manufacturers, until finally the point was reached when everybody admitted that the bottom had completely fallen out of the busi- LAKE NIPISSING BERTH 12 Ss =z re a I= ee w e860 A Lape a INDIAN RESERVE ness. Nobody seemed to want shingles no mat- ter what the price at which they were offered, and just here let-me remark that in not a few cases they were offered at next to nothing. The British Columbia shingles found their way into eastern Ontario, and added greatly to the em- Then the time came when prices got so low that shingles could not be sold here at a profit. Asa result of this condition of affairs the local manu- facturer ‘‘ shut up shop,” and his British Colum- bia competitor greatly reduced his barrassment of the local manufacturers. output. What shingles were required were supplied from stocks on hand. These have now been reduced by the local and foreign demand to such a point as to force prices upwards, and once more the shingle manufacturer feels that he has something to live for other than to pay interest on idle plant. The boiler in Wm. Curtis’ saw mill near -Waterdown, Ont., exploded recently, causing considerable damage to property, and fatal injuries to Thomas Smiley. The boiler had been guaranteed to carry 120 pounds of steam, but when the explosion occurred the pressure is said to have been only 75 pounds. The mill was badly wrecked. DAVIDSON, HAY & CO.’S TIMBER SALE, Upwarps of fifty persons were present at Suckling & Co.’s warerooms in Toronto on the 23rd ultimo, when the entire timber limits and saw mill property of Messrs. Davidson, Hay & Co. were offered for sale by auction. Among these were noticed several prominent lumbermen who might reasonably be considered probable buyers. The property offered consisted of timber berth No. 2, containing 68 square miles of tim- ber limits, on Lake Nipissing and French river, the location of which may be clearly seen by the accompanying map, a steam saw mill, an electric light plant, about 3,000 white and red pine saw logs, steamers, boom chains and boom timber, bush plant, etc. The timber berth was divided into two sec- tions, A and B, the latter being first offered. It contained 7%4 square miles, or 4,710 acres, of virgin pine. The bidding was started at $10,- ooo, and after some slight competition finally reached $27,000. This figure was considerably below the reserve bid, consequently the limit was withdrawn. (sone ise ane ad c~) ‘ sLAnO ati => eS q SS OT «~S) —s LZ Ly Y Apa - cH 4 ‘A Gy ene® ay : Kid N (y— —— “ MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. i “ Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : ; © “ After careful consideration we have come.to thecon- — clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for factor. lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7Mc. | lbs from our Northern and Northwestern branch Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will apply from main line points and the straight sae tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also babs ay - rates on common lumber to points like Guel, é tes London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all 1 ris ia" shipping stations the rate will be the same on ha - ason pine.” On the old principle, we suppose half the loaf is better than none, wood m«¢ something, possibly, to be thankful for, though is no good reason why the rates generally on ha wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understo that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7 from same points. : MILLS Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and secon¢ inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any © Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by dressing 3 H. D. WIGGIN No 89 State St., Boston, Mass” Inspection at mill. YEAR alse deed 5 cel dell Aas are i aie td il ai MaRCH 25, 1896 CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. III. CANADIAN EXPORTERS «” WHOLESALERS Thos. Meaney & Co. : WHOLESALE / “ys /, HARDWOOD London Canadian Chambers LUMBER aS s/f a Specialty 103 Bay St. = — Toronto, Ont. orFice: y S$ S / — / MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. AU IETS EES IES f TORONTO DONOGH & OLIVER ©0° 0 JAS. PLA Y PATER & CO. Wholesale Dealers in | umber, Lath and Shingles LUMBER . LATH . SHINGLES Contractors for Railway ad TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. BILL TIMBER a Specialty . eae MIDL AN D, ONT. Huntsville Lum ber Go. Ltd. | THE RBID CO, ot TORONTO, Lid, BM eects ox —_: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : wae re 2 LU Mi BE wODESALe F 0 AL E are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuif. Have RETAIL eee | Office, Corner King and Berkeley Sts. DOCK, FOOT OF BERKELEY ST. THe PEMBROKE LUMBER ace oe nee EAE EATERS IN British Golumbia Red Gedar Lumber and Shingles DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP Kiln- Dried Bevel siding, V siding, Geiling, Wainscotting DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. Door Stock, Base, Gasings, Mouldings, etc. @ @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills @ PEMBROKE, ONT We do accurate work and make reasonably prompt shipments. NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C. ——wow— ___ Rd Pine Dimension LOgS, 22" stk ornate an would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at Ceauisb River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Rayside, C. P. Will have five to six million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on ttnies at Spanish River. And have about five million feet at "mouth French River sere Fe which could be delivered at as Of MAVeA OM gs. eke) side Foret —— ADDRE! BOOTH & GORDON _ -- _ Sudbury, Ont. WM. MASON & SONS... . Marocseseef Se DIMENSION TIMBER SiaGtes We have the largest and best equipped Dimension Saw Mill in Eastern Canada. All our machinery is of the latest and most improved pattern, and we are prepared to quote prices on and supply at the shortest notice any orders that may be submitted to us. Address, P. 0. Box 1020, OTTAWA, ONT. KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING S*&£'NS | ceninc $20.00 ~Oo@—~ SAMPLES BY MAIL MON Morais One FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x” IMPORTERS E want to ses on o- irae kinds of Lumber: :: : : WILLI AM B. YOUNG Successor sale os LATH axxo SHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED LUMBER —25 Million SHINGLES—10 %" LATH — As we employ no travelling men in Ontario, send us your speci- fications. If we cannot save you money we do not want your trade. WRITE US STATING YOUR WANTS « a viesalemaies 45 00 50 00 | Common quartered... 25 00 30 00 RED OAK. } 27 09 ete ust &end.. 42 00 44 16 00 | Common......-..+++ 2200 26 10 00 , ; NEW YORK CITY. on WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of uy rendering it useless to give prices for local market. : WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge timber. $49 00 @ 59 90 | Building orders.....$28 00 @ 40 4/4 and thicker, No. rand 2 Black Ash, 10 to 1G... «s..50 ieee Hard Maple, “‘ aes Basswood, 6 std er Birch, es ; seeee Black Ash, Com. and Shipping Cull, M,C.0..-.- Hard Maple, “‘ S tn leet ALBANY, N.Y. . 45 48] Box boards.. ...... . 50 52 | 1o-in. dressing and bet! 40 42] ro-in, common........- 36 40 | 12-in. dressing an Fine common, 2Yin. andup 38 40 | Common, 1x12 ...... -.- 34 38| No. x barn, rxr2.. 4 inch uppers ... Selects, 2% in. up _ Ne. 1 cut, 1 to 2 inch INO. 2c ecox ote oles a dlntalnrenr ans 18 25 NO; 3 otcaircnnie ss siete 17 20 No. x molding, x to 2 in No. 2 molding, x to 2 in Bracket plank Shelving boards, 12 33 36 25 28 TXO.... 6 ons senha ee raeee ck Dressing ....-. sssseeeeee -in. up.. 28 30] Common........-++++-+- If 8. ee ae secaeene asa ce? 25/]/ Spree catecten nei eee Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30 | Bound butts, 6x18 Clear butts..... veses 325 3 35| Hemlock.............. Smooth, 6 x18 5 40 5 50| Spruce.........-..+++. 2 7 pee Ee: ~ OSWEGO, N.Y. pers, I hy Ye and 2 inch..... No. 1, cutting up, a No. 2, cutting up, ‘ In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding rin siding, cutting up ticks and uppers... rin dressing.......-- zin No. 1 culls rin No. 2 culls...... 32 00@39 00 Ig 00 2I CO 14 00 I5 00 I3 00 14 00 12 and x6 feet, mill run 12 and x6 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn board: 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better.......- rz and 16 feet, No. 2 culls..........--- accu peat Mill run, mill culls out.$22 0o@25 00 | No. rculls.........«- Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00] No. 2culls........... 2 Mill run, mill culls out 17 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill culls out......... 20 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and BOSTON, MASS. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. Ordinary planed boards... +.es0+0 Ortts: ieee Boxboards, 1 inch... 10 75 Pe ANC wisest WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. : $50 co@s52 00 | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 46 . 58 00 6400| 41%, 1%and 2in... 30° . 44.00 46 00 ae 1 strips, 4 to 6 in. 43 Oo. 2 52.00 5600| No. 3.. Moulding boards, 7 to -37 00 39 00| Coffin boards........ 20 00 | . 32 00 34 00] Common allwidths... 22 00 2 38 00 40 0o| Shipping culls,x in... 15 00 1: 39 00 41 00 do 60 per cent. clear.. Fine common, rin.... 14%, 1% and 2in... see ewe eee ceee Cedar, extra. SHINGLES. ~~. I 30 1 50| Second Clear........ -. T7975 200 26¢ 290] Extra No.X........... 125 1 §0 mia ktneteale aay 2 25Q Boards, rough........ 11 oo@rx1 50 No. 2..5..+0-0tt.5. BOGE 20) nay Planed > bf sats wk I gn) 22Oo kd ie) a a > MARCH 25, BIRCH. ist & 2nd, white, 6in. & up, 18 oo ELM.~ MAPLE. WHITE OAK. Clear squares, 5x5 New York, N. Y., March 25, 1896. 55 90 SPRUCE. r 15.00| 10 to12in........... 1600 16 TE) Ou || Lakhani eres aon ae 16 oo} 7 HARDWOOD. e - oft Elm, ‘ soe “ “ “ ee “ee ’ rh bus Aupany, N. Y., March 25, PUNE. ‘- -s 50 $52 | Dressing boards, narrow... .$19 21 West India shipping boards. os IXIO. cn ccaeees sess ease 20 | Shaky or star clear, 1 to 2in. | (6 LATH. — SHINGLES. Osweco, N. Y., Mar WHITE PINE. tree SIDING. IX1I2 INCH. 14x10 INCHES. 1X4 INCHES. 21 oo | No. rculls.........++ 30 00 No. 2culls......++++» IX5 INCHES. ’ 6, 7 or 8, No, rculls. 25 00 | 6, 7 or 8, No.2 culls.. 30 00 | - -_ Boston, March 2 7 ; A inch.......++.-$ 9 ¥2.001| xz-16 Inch) o.saase 0 15 50 Sinch....c...a00 810) 13 25 | Clapboards, sap ext.. 45 00 Sap clear.....5 20.82 Gaur rz 0oo| Sap, 2nd clear.... 34 00 10 00| No. £...5...++05 23 00 53 00| No. 2,1 in. Finecom. 29 Cut ups, 1 to 2 in.. 1% in. 15 50 bs ° HEMLOCK. . B® 2 > APRIL, 1896 PROPOSED EXPORT DUTY ON PULP-WOOD. WE referred briefly in our last issue to the re- quest made to the Dominion government by a number of pulp manufacturers to impose an ex- port duty on pulp-wood. The deputation was headed by Mr. John Forman, of the Laurentide Pulp Company. They pointed out that while spruce logs were admitted free to the United States, a duty of ten per cent. was imposed on wood-pulp, which, it was claimed, had the effect of giving the United States manufacturers the lion’s share of the profit of the pulp industry. The imposition of a duty would result in the gov- ernment of the United States abolishing the duty on pulp, and as Canada was said to have eighty per cent. of the pulp-wood of North America, the Canadians would practically have a monopoly of the industry. thousand cords of pulp-wood were exported an- Between five and six hundred nually. Below will be found the opinions, pro and con, of several prominent lumbermen, pulp manufac- turers, and others, on the advisability of imposing the duty : FOR THE DUTY. Mr. Bennett, M. P. for East Simcoe, in introducing the question in the House, denounced the policy of permitting saw logs to be exported without a duty. He read the declaration of a manufacturer in Bay City that if Canada were to impose an export duty on saw logs it would throw 20,000 American mill hands out of employment, as the American mills would have to be removed to the Canadian side. He believed it was the influence of the Ottawa mill men that had previously prevented the imposition ot such a duty, they being afraid of the re-imposition of the United States duty of $1 per thousand on Canadian lumber. Mr. W. H. Rowley, secretary-treasurer of the E. B. Eddy Co., Hull, Que., says: ‘‘ Canada has an enormous forest wealth. Why should we in Canada furnish the paper and pulp mills of the United States with our raw material at the cost of the destruction of our forests, without receiving in return anything except the bare cost of cutting down the standing timber and exporting it? The Americans have placed a heavy duty on all pulp and paper going into the States, while, without our source of supply for their mills, they could not operate them, as they are almost entirely dependent upon Canadian or Northern European sources for their pulp wood. Some of our lumber people are the strongest opponents to the imposi- tion of the export duty on pulp wood, timidly fearing that if Canadians impose a duty on pulp wood the United States would impose an import duty on lumber. Well, suppose they did. Mr. Whitney, of the St. Anthony Lumber Co., who, knowing the value of Canadian green tree tops, came over here and established a large lumber- ing mill in our midst, has given his opinion that an import duty on our lumber will never be imposed by the U. S., because the present party in power is not insympathy with it, and because Michigan lumbermen are already making a big noise over it. He adds that if an import duty was imposed by the United States, it would be so small as not to be felt by Canadian lumbermen during brisk business seasons. The answer of the pulp manufacturers of Can- ada to the point taken by the lumbermen is that as lum- ber, the product of saw logs, goes into the United States free, pulp and. paper, the product of pulp wood, should also go into the United States free, instead of as present being subject to an import duty of 10 per cent. It seems certain that the Canadian Government will impose a duty on pulp wood for the following reasons, among others: A _ tariff of $2 per cord seems likely to be the duty first imposed, though it would appear to be better to fix it at $3, which tax would yield a handsome revenue to the Dominion Govern- ment, but which would speedily result in the United States paper makers obtaining a change in their pulp duties or in compelling them to come to this side and manu- facture the pulp on the ground. The Canadians have no desire to embarrass or hamper the operations of their American cousins, asking only that our Government take such steps as will preserve to us -the legitimate trade _ advantages.” THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ee Wm. Mason & Sons, Ottawa: ‘‘ As regards the advisa- bility of the Dominion Government imposing an export duty on spruce logs, we may say that in our opinion there should be a good substantial export duty placed upon all unmanufactured products of the forests, such as pulp- wood, saw logs, timber, etc., where they are taken from this country for the purpose of manufacturing them in direct opposition to industries established or capable or being established in Canada.” AGAINST THE DUTY. J. W. Howry & Sons, Fenelon Falls, Ont. : It is our opinion that the request for export duty on spruce logs is premature, owing to the agitated state of affairs in the United States, and anything of this nature coming up at the present time would but intensify the desire to place an import duty on lumber, making it very much harder for those interested to do business with the people beyond the border. We also think that it will have the effect ot reducing the price on spruce stumpage and a general depressing effect on lumber, lath and shingles. Mr. Geo. T. Marks, of Port Arthur, Ont., a large owner of spruce timber limits, says : ‘*‘ The Canadian gov- ernment will make a serious error if they adopt the $2 export duty. The owners of standing spruce find diffi- culty now in competing with the Maine and Virginia They can almost supply the U. S. market. Because our firm could not sell so cheaply as the Maine owners. owners last autumn, we had 3,000 cords of pulp wood left on our hands. It is rotting now at Port Arthur. It the government of Canada grants the request of the Canadian pulp manufacturers, the timber owners will have to sell for next to nothing.” Mr. Edwards, M.P., in reply to Mr. Bennett, made a strong argument against the imposition of a duty. Mr. Bennett had claimed that if the 300,000,000 feet of logs which were exported last year had been sawn in Canada it would have given employment to 20,000 men, with a The truth was that the sawing of that number of logs would have given em- ployment to 2,000 men, with wages of $600,000, and then it had to be remembered that although the logs were not sawn in Canada they were rafted here, and 50 cents a thousand had to be allowed for that. He declared that while the United States could get along for 1,000 years without buying one stick of Canadian timber, that country took two million dollars’ worth more of Canada’s sawn lumber than Great Britain, and that was of the lower grades which were harder to sell. wages bill amounting to $5,500,000. Therefore he would regard as a great calamity a proposition to impose an export duty on logs. Hon. J. K. Ward, proprietor Mono Saw Mills, Montreal: “‘T think it would be impolitic on our part to put an export duty on spruce logs going out of the country, whether used for pulp or otherwise. Until recently the spruce lumber that found a market in the United States was subjected to an import duty of $2 per thousand feet and pine to $1 per thousand feet, we allowing all logs to be exported free of duty—which arrangement, no doubt, is a great benefit to Canadian spruce producers especially. Therefore, the only reason that I can see for putting an export duty on spruce pulp wood would be, that it might induce the United States to take the duty off ground pulp. It might, nevertheless, have the contrary effect by restor- ing the $2 duty on our spruce lumber, which would be a serious matter to us. The Provincial governments, who are the proprietors of the timber on crown lands, could make the conditions for cutting pulp wood so onerous as to size and price as to make it almost prohibitory. This policy, if pursued, would undoubtedly bring about retalia- tion, which I do not think would be to our interest. Asa holder of spruce limits, I am not in favour of imposing an export duty on spruce logs or pulp wood. Many of the settlers on new land in Eastern Canada and other parts ot the country find much small spruce suitable for pulp on their lands, which would be burned in clearing if they could not find a market for it, the price received often helping them to eke out an existence, and the !umberman concluding it is better to realize on his timber than to run the risk of having it burnt up or stolen by bogus settlers. Until our provincial authorities come to the conclusion to adopt a policy, such as setting apart all lands as forest reserves which are not suitable for agriculture, of which there is a vast quantity in this province, and giving the owners of limits some security in that which has in most cases cost them a good deal of money, it will be to their interest to sell their standing timber to the first comer, regardless of the future.” _ PERSONAL. Mr. A. H. Campbell, of the Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co., Toronto, is at present on a pleasure trip to England. Mr. Samuel Erb, of Seattle, has been engaged by the Victoria Lumber Co. as foreman of their millat Chemainus, B. C. The death is announced of Mrs. Eaton, wife of Mr. D. R. Eaton, of the well-known lumber firm of that name at Parrsboro, N. S. Mr. John Pringle, late mill manager for the Conger Lumber Co., has received a similar appointment with the Ontario Lumber Co. Mr. William Armstrong, lumber merchant, of Portage la Prairie, Man., is receiving the congratulations of his friends upon his recent marriage. Mr. Wm. A. McGillis, of Charlottenburg, Ont., at one time one of the most prominent lumber dealers in Eastern Ontario, is dead, aged 74 years. The death occurred on the 12th ultimo, of Mr. D. W. Alexander, of Marysville, N. B. He was formerly a prominent mill man of St. Stephen. Mr. D. O'Connor, lumber merchant, of Sudbury, Ont., is a probable Liberal candidate for the Nipissing district at the approaching Dominion elections. Mr. B. F. Young, of Young Bros. & Co., lumber merchants, Parrsboro, N. S., has recently returned from an extended trip through the United States. Mr. P. Cantin, advocate, of Quebec, was recently united in marriage with Miss Veilleux, eldest daughter of Mr. Charles Veilleux, lumber merchant, of St. David. Mr. L. H. Shepard has severed his connection with the Shepard & Morse Lumber Co., of Boston, Mass., to em- bark in the wholesale lumber business for himself. Mr. R. W. Graham, of Gagetown, N. B., an extensive lumber operator, will, it is said, retire from the business as soon as he has disposed of the present winter's cut. The sudden death of Mr. Alexander Shives took place at St. John, N. B., a fortnight ago. Deceased was 78 years of age, and for a number of years operated a saw mill at Dunsinaine. Mr. A. L. Fox, who operates a saw mill at Arnor, , Essex county, Ont., was a recent visitor at the LUMBERMAN - office. Mr. Fox reports the prospects -as bright for a good season's business. Mr. Louis Dupuis, one of the best known timber limit explorers of the Ottawa valley, is dead. His death was the result of heart failure, brought on by exposure while travelling through the pine forests in the upper Ottawa. Mr. Wm. Gidley, mill foreman for M. M. Boyd & Co., of Bobcaygeon, Ont., has been obliged to seek the aid of specialists at the Toronto hospital for knee trouble. Since his return from British Columbia he has suffered from swelling in the joint. Information reaches us of the death at British Columbia of Mr. Sutton, of Kincardine, Ont., formerly ex-sheriff of the county of Bruce. Mr. Sutton erected the first saw mill in the township 42 years ago, and since that time has carried on business as miller in Ontario and British Columbia. in Canada was Mr. Peter Cockburn, of Gravenhurst, Ont., whose death occurred at the age of 87 years. He came to Canada in 1815, and soon after entered into the square timber One of the oldest lumbermen business, carrying on trade generally between the lower Ottawa and Quebec. In 1876 he removed to Gravenhurst, where he remained until his death. He had not been in active business for the last fifteen years. Messrs. J. & R. E. Butler have recently opened out in the wholesale and retail lumber business at Woodstock, Ont., and have leased the Peacock planing mill for five years. They have put in a splendid brick kiln and pur- pose adding four machines to the present equipment. Mr. R. E. Butler was a member of the firm of Leischman, Maundrell & Co. for some time, and has a wide experi- ence in the lumber business, while Mr. John Butler is well known in Woodstock as an energetic business man. The death occurred at London, Eng., on the 26th of February, of Mr. John Burstall, lumber merchant, of Quebec. Mr. Burstall had decided to reside in England, and had recently taken up his residence at Blackneath. He was born at Hessle, near Hull, sixty-four years ago, and left England for Canada at the age of 23 years. Entering the office of his uncle, Mr. Edward Burstall, at Quebec, after four years he was admitted as a partner inthe firm. In 1862 Mr. Edward Burstall retired, and his nephew acquired the business shortly after, remaining senior partner since that time. 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER, (Regular Correspondence CANADA LuMBERMAN.] THE enthusiasm which prevailed early in the month in connection with the proposed Ottawa and Georgian Bay ship canal has to some extent died out. While no one can be found to dispute the advantages to be derived therefrom, the probability of the work being undertaken at the present time, or even in the near future, are meagre. The recent deputation to the government in its behalf pointed out that to deepen the waterways of the Ottawa and French rivers and Lake Nipissing would necessitate the construction of about sixteen miles of canal work, and with accessories would cost about $16,000,000. The Chaudiere mill owners will request the City Council to assist in the construction of another dam, at a cost of $40,000, to facilitate the utilization of the water power. The dam will be a large structure, and will reach directly across the head of the Chaudiere Falls from the upper end of the Eddy dam to Russell Island, where the Booth dam starts. A report is current that Mr. Eugene Swan, of New York, is the promoter of a company which proposes erecting two pulp mills and a paper mill during the com- ing summer, near the mouth of the Rouge river. The property on which it is proposed to erect the mills is a portion of the J. K. Ward limit, which was acquired by Mr. Swan last fall for between $150,000 and $200,000. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. The Bryson & Fraser timber limits will be offered for sale by public auction owing to the death of one of the partners. The exports of forest products from Canada to Great Britain for the months of January and February show an increase of £43,000 over the corresponding period in 1895. Mr. J. R. Booth has been sawing red pine lumber for some time at his Chaudiere mill. The logs are brought down by the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway from his limits near Whitney. About 100 men are now engaged constructing the new mill for Mr. J. R. Booth on the site of the structure which was burned two years ago. It is expected that the mill will be completed by the first of May. Excellent progress has been made in logging opera- tions in nearly all portions of the Northern Ottawa dis- trict, and most of the men have returned from the woods. Last year the cutting of logs was continued until the early part of April. Ortawa, Ont., March 23, 1896. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. (Regular Correspondence Canapa LuMBERMAN.] THE announcement recently made, and which is now verified, that the Victoria Lumber Company had decided to again re-open their mill at Chemainus and fight the recently organized combine, has created considerable dis- cussion among the trade. The mill has been shut down It is on the Canadian side, but the principal members of the company are Americans, among whom are ex-Senator Spooner; W. H. Phipps, land agent of the Northern Pacific ; J. A. Humbird, of St. Paul; Major William Gregory, of Chicago, and W. J. Macaulay, formerly of St. Paul, but now of Victoria. The company own 150,000 acres of timber land, most of which was purchased from the late Robert Dunsmuir, he having acquired it by grant from the British Columbia legislature when he built the island railway. The cut will be limited to 100,000 feet per day until a trade is created. Sawing will be commenced about the first of May. for nearly three years. The Takush Harbor Timber Company has recently been organized to manufacture lumber at Takush Harbor, about 250 miles up the coast on the main land, just above Queen Charlotte Island. The company was organized by English investors, with a capital of $400,000, and Mr. G. W. DeBeck, formerly of New Westminster, is the general manager. The construction of the mill building has already commenced, and sawing will begin in July. The capacity will be 50,000 feet daily. The new mill will cut entirely for the foreign trade, and cypress and spruce will be the only timbers cut. of excellent timber limits. The company have 14,000 acres A deal, with considerable importance attached thereto, has recently been consummated, by which Messrs. Robert Ward & Co., Ltd., have taken over the entire manage- Heretofore this exclu- sive business was in charge of J. Wulffsohn, of Vancouver. The mill is running to its full capacity, and the new pro- prietors intend opening a branch of their business at ment of the Moodyville saw mill. Vancouver, cornet of Hastings nnd Homer streets. COAST CHIPS. Two carloads of lock-gate timber were shipped to Montreal, recently, by the Royal City Mills, New West- minster. The Brunette Sawmill Co., Sapperton, have started up It is said the company intend entering into the foreign trade at any early date. their new mill. Mr. Sword moved in the Provincial Legislature that the government should insist on all logs on which royalty is leviable being scaled by official scalers. The motion has been agreed to. The lowest price for labor paid at the Brunette Mills is now $1 a day and board, while both those and the Royal City Mills are giving employment to almost as many men as ever. This is largely the result of the combine. The new machinery at the Brunette Saw Mills is running smoothly, and a full cut is being made daily. This mill, though not so large as some others in the province, is considered a model one in point of construction and equipment, and the Takush Timber Company intend building their new mill on almost the same plans. New WESTMINSTER, B. C., March 20, 1896. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular Correspondence Canapa LUMBEn MAN. ] LUMBERMEN’S ASSOCIATION OF THE MARITIME PROVINCES. Tue above Association was organized at Moncton in December, 1894. agreed not to hold regular meetings, the question of calling special meetings at such times as were found At the organization meeting it was necessary being left with the Executive Committee. Since that time none have been held. The officers of the Association are as follows: President, Hon. A. F. Ran- polph, Fredericton, N. B.; Vice-Presidents, William Chisholm, Halifax, D. I. McLaughlain jr., St. John ; Executive Committee—For New Brunswick: James Robinson, M.P., Chatham ; Geo. T. Vaughan, Albert Co.; William Murray, Charles Woodman, and D. I. McLaugh- lain jr., St. John. For Nova Scotia : William Chisholm, Halifax ; A. Young, Cumberland Co. ; T. G. McMullen, Truro; T. E. Eaton, Eatonville; F. Halliday, Passboro. The Secretary and Treasurer are appointed by the Ex- ecutive Committee. Mr. J. G. Forbes, of St. John, has acted as Secretary, but having recently been appointed to the Bench of New Brunswick, his services will be no longer available. ST. JOHN RIVER LOG DRIVING COMPANY. The eleventh annual meeting of the St. John River Log Driving Company will be held at the Queen's Hotel, Fredericton, on the 1st of April. is anticipated, as several matters affecting the river drive will be brought up for discussion. intended to be driven by the company during the season must fyle a statement of the same before that date. An interesting meeting Every owner of logs BITS OF LUMBER. J. & T. Jardine, of Richibucto, have given an order for a large mill to be placed at Jardineville. S. T. King & Son’s mills at Kingsville is receiving an overhauling. The capacity is being considerably in- creased. A bill has been passed in the Provincial Legislature to continue the act incorporating the Magaguadavic River Driving Company. H. R. McLennan last year purchased some timber lands near Rathesay for $1,550. He is at present cutting the lumber on the property, and expects to make a good profit on the transaction. Messrs. Wm. Currie & Co., of Eel River Crossing, N. The Robb Engineering Co., of Amherst, are putting in the boiler and engine. Mr. W. McWair, of the same place, intends erecting a shingle mill. He has a large crew cutting cedar. : It is reported that in the spring, Stehelin Bros. intend making a tramway from New France, Digby county, through the level part of the country, coming out near Gates’ mills. This road will be about twelve miles long, and is intended for hauling lumber from their mill to the Sissibou river, by means of cars moved by horses. St. Joun, N.B., March 22, 1896. B., are erecting a new and commodious mill. THE NEWS. CANADA. —H. J. McCreary is erecting a saw mill at Chatham, Ont. _E. D. Tillson has started his saw mill at Tilsonburg, Ont. —M. Malcolm will start a shingle factory at Scotland, Ont. —H. Hardy, of Little York, P. E. I., is building a new saw mill. —The mills at Chatham, Ont., are running to their full capacity. —The erection of a shingle mill at Price’s Corners, Ont., is spoken of. —There are said to be first-class openings in Manitoba for paper and pulp mills. —A new planing mill will shortly be started in Hinton- burg, Ont., by N. Bevin. —Mr. Wakefield & Son have leased the McKenzie saw mill at Kirkfield, Ont. —John Cook, of Arkell, Ont., has purzhased the mill property of W. T. Haines. —John Vance, of Woodland, Ont., has recently erected a saw mill near that place. —A new pulp mill will be put in operation at Church Point, N. B., at an early date. - —Messrs. Lovering contemplate removing their mill from Coldwater, Ont., to Bush’s Corners. —Two new saw mills are being constructed near the line of the Lake St. John Railway at Quebec. —J. J. Joliffe has recently completed his contract at Christie, Ont., with the Parry Sound Lumber Co. —J. L. Allen & Co., of Grimsby, Ont., intend starting a factory there for the manufacture of bicycle rims. —A change is said to be contemplated in the operation of the Burrard Inlet red cedar mills at Port Moody, B. C. —The Sayward Mill & Timber Co., of Victoria, B. C., is reported about to be reconstructed with English capital. —Harman & Co., Victoria, B. C., have taken over the Oak Bay Lumber Yard, and will control it during the season. —It is stated that the Katrine Lumber Co.’s mill at Parry Sound, Ont., will be operated during the coming summer. —R. W. Richardson, of Hartland, N. B., is erecting a woodworking factory and expects to have it running be- fore the 1st of May, —Turnball & Davidson, of Manitou, Man., have pur- chased the entire Inmber stock of G. R. Gordon, together with the steam sash and door factory. —Edward Harnett has removed his portable steam saw mill from St. Louis, N. B., to Sussex, where he has se- cured a contract for ten years sawing. —Three cars of large pine timber were recently shipped from British Columbia to Halifax. The freight paid on them is said to have been in the vicinity of $800. ' —The erection of a foundry at Westville, N. S., has been decided upon by a local company. It is proposed to make shingle mills and do a general foundry business. —The County Crown Attorney of Hull, Que., has de- cided to take no further action against Mr. Turpin, for the alleged murder of Deschatles in the Edward's lumber camp. : —Letters patent have recently been issued limiting the existence of the Pickerel River Improvement Co. to a period of twenty-three years, to be computed from May gth, 1883. —Mickle, Dyment & Son’s mill at Gravenhurst, Ont., is being refitted. The band saw will be placed with a new Allis machine, and a new saw placed in the planing mill for resawing. —The erection of a woodenware and pulp factory at Midland, Ont., is said to have been decided upon. Mr. H. H. Cook, of the Ontario Lumber Co., Toronto, is one of the promoters. ; —Donald Fraser & Sons, of Fredericton, N. B., are making extensive repairs to the Aberdeen mills. These ‘mills will be started as soon as the river opens and expect to cut twelve million feet of lumber. —Mr. F. W. Morris has been admitted as partner with Apri, 1896 A ’ { AprIL, 1896 tHE CANADA LUMBERMAN ‘ M. S. Madole, W. Embury and W. Greer, operating a sash and door factory at Napanee, Ont. recently been refitted throughout with new machinery. The factory has —The total number of licensed cullers in Ontario is six hundred and twenty-four. A lumberman named Alexander Archer, on his way to his home in Glencoe from Marquette, Mich., was sand- bagged and robbed of $85 at Windsor. —Gilmour & Co., of Trenton, Ont., have commenced the erection of a large saw mill at their timber limits in Algonquin Park, and intend to employ from 500 to 800 men. day. —John McCollock, agent for the Shepard & Morse Lumber Co. at Mattawa, has lately taken a gang of river The mill will have a capacity of 20,000 feet per drivers and lumbermen to Bois Franc and North River to drive logs for the company when the river is open in the spring. —Mr. W. Harris, of Day Mills, Ont., offers a free site of land and a never-failing water power to any reliable person who will erect a pulp mill at that place. Large quantities of pulp wood can be secured in the immediate vicinity. —Captain A. Clark and Geo. McCormack have pur- chased from the Emery Lumber Co., of Windsor, Ont., the steam tug Evelene, which was built for the French River Boom Co. about two years ago. was $10,000. _—While cutting up a huge old poplar tree at his mill in Dover Centre, Ont., Mr. Rankin found a large and rusty piece of scythe imbedded in the centre of the trunk. The metal had evidently entered while the tree was a mere sapling and grown into it. ’ —¢. F. & F. R. Eaton, of Eatonville, N. S., have recently completed a long slide or chute leading to their mills which will effect a large saving in the cost of hand- ling logs. The slide is 334 miles in length, and is con- structed by placing logs side by side in such a way as to form a continuous V-shaped trough. ; The price paid —There is at present an Indian named Joseph Francois, jobbing for McLachlin Bros. at Barry's Bay, Ont., who is He is about fifty- five years old, and in 1860 had an arm taken off. At present he can chop with his one hand as much as an ordinary man can with both hands. a remarkable type of human nature. He has often been seen mowing and cradling, making bark canoes, axe handles, etc., that would defy competition. He peaceful, honest, and industrious citizen. is a —Harnwell vs. Parry Sound Lumber Co. was an action brought to recover damages for wrongful dismissal. The plaintiff was employed by defendant as assistant book- keeper for one year from 1st May, 1893, and after the end of the year he continued in their service without anything being saidas to terms. On September 14th, 1894, he was dismissed. The judge held that the proper inference to be drawn was that contract was for a year and not de- feasible, and judgment for plaintiff for $240 with full costs of action was awarded. —Some time ago Messrs. Adams & Co. purchased the Burns saw mill property at Bathurst, N. B., for about $35,000, together with the claim against Novelli & Co., of London, amounting to $328,687. It was supposed at the time that the Burns estate would pay only a small dividend, but already a dividend of ten per cent. has been paid, and Messrs. Adams & Co. have received their check for $23,868, and expect yet to receive $11,434 additional, making a total for the estate of $35,302. This amount is nearly equal to the amount paid by them for the property, FOREIGN. —Washington architects will ask Congress to appro- priate $40,000 to test the strength of American timbers, a third of the appropriation to be used in testing fir. —During the past year there is said to have been more assignments inthe Albany lumber district than in the past ten years. Among the recent failures were those of H. S. Van Stantford, Patton & Co., and John C. Patton. —New York City is an immense consumer of lumber. During the year 1895 she received 994,909,000 feet of lumber, of which 534,000,000 was received from the inter- ior by canal and rail, 309,718,000 from the Southern coast, and 151,191,000 feet, mostly spruce, from Maine and the provinces. —A load of timber which contained 1,000 cubic feet of lumber, and equivalent to 12,000 feet board measure, was recently hauled from the Dead River Milling Company, near Marquette, Mich., to the lake shore. The weight of the load was 40,000 pounds, equal to two carloads, and was hauled by one team. —During the year 1895 the supply of foreign timber to the United Kingdom, exclusive of staves and furniture woods, was as follows: Norway and Sweden, 652,467 loads hewn, 1,982,048 loads sawn ; Russia,’ 393,458 loads hewn, 1,492,819 loads sawn; Germany, 225,647 loads hewn; British North America, 142,738 loads hewn, 1,167,947 loads sawn; other countries, 864,238 loads hewn, 422,984 loads sawn. CASUALTIES. —George McDonald, of Coverdale, N. B., was killed by a falling tree while chopping in the woods near that place. —While working in the woods near Arden, Ont., Ben- jamin Smith, Kennebec Township, was killed by the fall- ing of a tree. —A large limb: fell from a tree and killed a chopper named John Verge, of Sheet Harbor, N.B. He was only 19 years of age. —Martin McNulty, an employee of Roy & Gordon, at Pogamising, Ont., was. recently killed by falling while carrying a skid. —While felling timber near Bancroft, Ont., Matthew Creighton had one of his legs so badly injured that ampu- tation was found necessary. —An employee at Thos. Vance’s saw mill at Dunrobin, Ont., named James Newham, was killed recently by coming in contact with a circular saw. —John Armand was loading logs at Mallock’s mills, near Arnprior, Ont., when a large log fell on him. He was not released until next morning, when life was ex- tinct. —Benjamin McTavish, formerly of Southesk, N. B., while in the employ of the Randolth Lumber Co., of West Virginia, was crushed to death. He was driving a team when the load of logs gave way. —A fatal accident occurred at Aylmer, Que., on the 6th of March, by which Joseph Leon, jr., of Aylmer, lost his life, and a Mr. Tracy, of Torbolton, was seriously in- jured. They were engaged in loading sawdust on a sleigh from the heaps when the frozen top of the heap fell in, and both were buried in the sawdust. —A serious accident recently befell Mr. James Mc- Credie, of the firm of R. McCredie & Son, sash and door factory, Shawville, Que. While adjusting a belt in his mill, his coat caught in the revolving shaft, whirling him around until the machinery was stopped. One leg was broken, his back injured, and his legs and arms paralyzed. Hopes are entertained of his recovery. ————— 4 suoMtls Pay MANUFACTURER \ LUMBERING \ SK\DDING / gust \ TONGS CANT HOOK CLASP CLASP ice ,PEMBROKE, ONT. Ortrawa Enc Co Lumbermen’s Supplies We are making a Specialty of Lumbermen’s Supplies, and are offering, with other goods, a good Japan Tea, Get a sample of this & 00. fine draw and make, at 12% cents. splendid Tea suitable for the Camp. H. P. Eokardt WHOLESALE GROCERS DAK TORONTO. 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 TORONTO. GAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. DAVIDSON & Wholesale Grocers rae TORONTO ANNED BELTING THE J.C.M?LAREN BELTING C° vontreat ‘14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Aprit, 1896 - REMARKABLE CANADIAN PINES. AmonG the singular trees of Canada mention is made of a group of pines in the cemetery in St. Stephen, New Brunswick. The group contains several hundreds of white pines of unusual size and singular beauty, which show the curious spectacle of branching, some three feet from the ground, into numerous great limbs, some of them as much as seven feet in circum- ference. A hundred or so of these trees have attained large size, the most massive of them being 75 feet high and 11 feet and more in circumference. The aspect of the high horizontal or perpendicular branches laden with heavy foliage, and the rugged, knotty boles from which they spring, is striking in character, while they have a certain dignity and solemnity especially befitting a cemetery. As the ground on which they stand was burned over in 1801, wwhen the adjacent country was laid waste by fire, the trees are all of second growth. Some of them that have been cut show from 89 to 91 concentric rings, so that their age is less than 100 years, and they are still full of health and vigor. Around them have sprung up hundreds of other stately trees, six or seven feet from the ground. Impressive as is the spectacle of the lofty unbranched trunks, which now and then indicate the site of a primeval forest in Maine or New Brunswick, there is something in the character of these dis- torted giants more imposing still. The checking of the upward growth in their youth has caused some of the trees to send ty Bee vOn Cees ros 4 6g, = >> - J. Ss. PARMENTEHe Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. Mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding with advertisers. KEEP YOUR OOF EN FOR Sere MA LOGUE OF NEW & 2"? Jey OFFICES & WORKS ADJOINING NEW UNION STATION, ToRONTO,CAN| Your Stomach | Distresses You after eating a hearty meal, and the result is a chronic case of Indiges- tion, Sour Stomach, Heartburn, Dyspepsia, or a bilious attack. an re SdW-Mill PUIl6US Y Y Wood Split Pulleys for Saw-Mills at prices We are now building Special Strong RIPANS TABULES for. ' Y " aceof an Entire e Chest, and Price, 50 Cents a box. At Druggists, or by mail. RIPANS CHEMICAL CO 10 SPRUCE &r., New Yorr, cheaper than you can build them at home. Get our figures before ordering. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co. Office: 68 King St. West, TORONTO, Ont. Te ati Vv a. GIANT LOG TRU AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. rs A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking: analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner 0 properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. Above all Competitors COAL is money, why not save it by using the. . T. J.C. INJECTOR the most economical boiler feeder in the world. 20 tent. saved in coal over any other make. Absolutely automatic. Easily at- tached. Applicable to all kinds of boilers. NOT EXPENSIVE Will outwear any other make and is simple in construction. It is easy to operate, and is the most powerful . feeder in the world. TheT.J.G.Iniector is the best because you cannot pos- sibly go wrong with it. With high or low steam the result 1s equally satisfactory. It combines the utmost simplicity with perfect efficiency, and any boy can operate it. PRICE LIST No. PRICE. Horse Power. 7 $ 7 00 4to 8 10 7 00 8 to 16 15 10 50 16 to 40 20 15 00 40 to 72 25 22 50 72 to 170 35 30 00 I o to 220 45 38 00 220 to 300 (LIMITED) HAMILTON, ONT. T must be self-evident that our GIANT ARM LOG TRUCKS, of which the above is a faithful illustration, is the best log truck made; but if conclusive evidence of this is wanted we refer to every mill man and lumberman in the county of Essex, Ont., where millions upon millions of Elm logs are gotten out every year on them, and where these trucks sell readily, while those of other makes remain unsold at $5 to $10 less. THE CHATHAM GIANT LOG AND LUMBER TRUCK As seen above it is a Lumber Truck, but it is quickly converted into a Log Truck by bunks which are grooved at the ends to receive the stakes and slip down between them, and are perforated for side or lug poles. We build these trucks in all sizes from 2% to 4 inch Malleable Giant: Arms. Farmers all over are extensively adopting the lighter sizes as general purpose wagons. In reference to above trucks we would eall the attention of the reader to the accompanying illustration of VANALLEN’S PATENT GIANT ARM with which they are equip- =) ped. It will be seen that the hind bolster and sand-board are form- ed to rest upon the flat top of this arm, and being securely clipped to the axles forms a complete and solid truss and render the axles unbreakable and inflexible. Our Malleable Giant Arm farm and teaming Wagons have no equals on this continent, of which the judges on vehicles at the World’s Fair, Chicago, gave us an unqualified certificate in the shape of a GOLD MEDAL AND DIP- LOMA. GORRESPONDENGE SOLIGITED The Ghatiam Mig. 60., Ltd SGiiAs FPA, ONL: PLSI 968T VTst GaLVYOdHOONI! SHYOM MIN YNO GaHsiiavLsa epuuyg ‘ployyUBiIg SNoOadadLv mM APRIL, 1896 uasoidal il “"NVHL *JN2 S,WOSPaS & UT ONIAVS Aep ay} ynoysno1yy sauit} arine 6 INI V4 | S wanoind ASNAIATAT NV ONIVO SALNNIN ONY SGNOD3S SI LVHM rite Ww THE CANADA LUMBERMA WN seq hilt = ih SSS ELITE AOQe] yo:-:: | ee NILTI9 WNIT J18VH "°° g9BorD FUL 18 5 da Se OE Dale Oa a : ae - ? S-> 2 r. i \ APRIL, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN . . . STEARNS BROTHERS ... Patent Rossing Machine Whu you should use this Rosser..... It will do double the work of any other. It is the only machine made that will peel Cedar Shingle Blocks. ‘ . It will peel dirty blocks without taking the edge off the knives as they cut from the clean bark or block out. Itis.a self-feeder, and very easy to operate. It requires less power than a face wheel. All iron and steel, very simple and durable, It will ross knotty and uneven timber without waste. ‘ It occupies about the same space as an ordinary laner. You can have a chance to try a machine before buying it. - MANUFACTURED BY - - - : EASTMAN LUMBER CO. BASTMAN, QUE. DFU Kilns» Heaters CHEAP One Second-Hand Sturtevant Heater, 1,000 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match ; has been used only about four months. One Sturtevant Heater, 5,500 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match ; in first-class order. (The above have been used in lumber dry kilns, but are also applic- able to heating buildings, etc.) For prices and full particulars of the above, also our catalogue and prices of Heating and Ventilating, write the.... McKachren Heating & Ventilating Co. GALT, ONT. pee Vika! & PRACHHY eee Stmicon. Om. MANUFACTURERS OF | ALLIGATOR 1s 242625252525 25R20525 === I= I> 1) STEAM WARPING TUGS | ——_— See ot (LE = STEAM ROAD MAKER ENGINES AND BOILERS FOR STEAM YACHTS Saw Mill Machinery -- CRCVVVVVVAE Tne od Gummer and Sharpener <«=— Has No Rival ) - OR FOR... SIMPLICITY, DURABILITY, CHEAPNESS Will take saws from 6 inches to 5 feet diameter; sets the saw forward one tooth at a time automatically ; sharpens any saw (rip or crosscut) perfectly, giving the teeth any desired pitch or bevel, and making all the teeth exactly alike. in a shingle saw in four or five minutes. 54-inch diameter. Will sharpen 20 teeth in an ordinary saw mill in one minute, or 100 teeth: The cut shows outline of mill saw PEMBROKE, ONT., Jan’y. 28th, 1896. Mr. F. J. DRAKE, Kingston : Dear Sir,—Re the conversation you had with our manager, I am instructed to in-— form you that the machine we purchased from you early last spring has proved to be a very useful piece of machinery. Our Mr. McCool, who uses it, is greatly pleased with it, and recommends it to any person who may require a Saw Filer. success with your Filer, we remain, Wishing you much Yours truly, (Signed) THE PEMBROKE LUMBER CO. Per W. H. Bromley. Send for Catalogue Locomotive & Engine 60. @— KINGSTON, ONT. Manufactured onlu bu.... (janadian — «DH se FINT & PERE MAROUET THE JAMES ROB ::222:A full line of Mill RAI LROA D Rubber and Leather FROM Metal, &c., always Port Huron and Detroit; = SAGINAW AND BAY GITY Head Office: WI (Centres of the vast lumber interests of Michigan) 144 William St. AT. PLEASANT, CLARE, REED CITY MONTREAL BALDWIN, LUDINGTON, MANISTEE i. The ce HAUKEE, MIS. Company’s line ALL OUR SAWS ~~ ’ Bical sects Teale eS ale FULLY WARRANTED < MONTREAL TORONTO we Saws of all Description J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath & Shingles BRACEBRIDGE, ONT. :::: Supplies, including Belting, Babbit carried in stock. | ii cil Hse Factories at Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N.B. Y OFFICE. SCHOOL. CHURCH & LODGE FURNITURE RFL_St a» BANK, OFFICE, COURTHOUSE & DRUG STORE FITTINGS CIRCULAR, CANG AND MILL SAWS A SPECIALTY RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS Orders promptly attended to. and all Canadian Terntory Satisfaction guaranteed. To ST. PAUL, DULUTH and Pacific Coast Points. This road traverses a section of Michigan with un- rivalled advantages to settlers. Cheap lands, thriving villages and towns, well watered with streams in all Correspondence Solicited. N22 AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 Ibs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, directions : a market for every product of Forest and The policy of fre “F.& P.M.” is known to all D O N O G j t & O LIV EF R . 49 Front St. West, Toronto. travellers and settlers. A. PATRIARCHE, Traffic Manager. ' eee Sniieres Wig as ceetanmre eras Sas WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 39 ance eae St ee 4 : ‘ w QO | w LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES 2¢ IE tere 2 ee ee = |e i Ke & |e . e) = ue 3 an 0 JK TORONTO; 204-205 Board of Trade Building. J] SS BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. ole Canadian agents 2st anne a Send for Prices ~ OF OUR MANASHE HICKORY WOOD-SPLIT BREAKING STRAIN 6IN;CAMEL HAIR BELT—14,81.1bS >» 6INDOUBLE OAK LEATHER——7,522 W.A.FLEMING. SOLE AGENT FOR CANADA. 57, STFRS.XAVIER S7(24 FRONT SE ElVICTORIAGHAMBERS MONTREAL. ( TORONTO.) OTTAWA. a2 PULLEYS. RERS OF Nanuet oRPTIONS eae rae Circular, Mills Gang, Shingle, Burting. Concave. Band Cross-cut Billet Webs. ea ipo Sr Ciara OY: WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. Tue Royat Evectric GomPANy Western Office: TORONTO, ONT. Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ MANUFACTURERS OF Electrical Machinery Apparatus LIGHT and POWER SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO——— LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY MONTREAL, QUE. FOR LIGHT AND POWER ALSO FOR ELECTRIC PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water ‘powres utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. , ee %C9 Tormlo High Sh Z OTTAWA SAW WORKS GO. OT TAWA,ONT-. wttitl! OUT eee VotumeE XVII. NUMBER 5. TORONTO, ONT., MAY, d TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR \ Pee Copies, 10 Cents. 1896 MacnotiA METAL In Use by Eight Leading Governments. BEST ANTI-FRICTION METAL For All Machinery Bearings MAGNOLIA METAL CO. OWNERS AND SOLE MANUFACTURERS meeee 74 Gortland Street, NEW YORK #eeee Montreal Office : McLAREN & CO., Agents. Chicago Office : TRADERS BUILDING. H. DONOGH & OLIVER per se IN LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES oe TORONTO: 204-205 Board of Trade Building. BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel. Avenue. ; —— THE —— “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE “The Morse” _—_ js the only machine in the market that ; will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHBRS LE MANUFACTURERS . ‘s Reliance Works,’”’ - MONTREAL. | Cc. C. CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS - ONTARIO. Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should write us for prices. Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. J. L. Goodhue & 60. MANUFACTURERS OF [FATHER BELTING .... anp LACE LEATHER ams. ie, Give, AUTOMATIC INJECTOR... Should be in every Lumber Mill JET PUMPS. . PENBERTHY WATER GAGES 8 5 OOO y) ARE he Bos clare it unequalled as a Boiler Feeder. CATALOG OF SPECIALTIES ON APPLICATION. PENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. DETROIT, MICH. Engineers have used it, and de- Branch Factory : WINDSOR, ONT. CVVVVVVVVVVVSVUVSVVATAS = Silver Solder BAND SAWS. fe Price $1.00 per ounce, in ro ounce lots. ! P. W. ELLIS & Co., 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. ¢ MANUFACTURING JEWELERS. G. F. CLEVELAND For Repairing : \ \ 5120. h ve le oe wt) IN a BURNS? THE CANADA LUMBERMAN May, 1896 THE NEW PRESGOT I Band Saw Maa XN \\\ = \ a - fit ie PRESCOTT i M Wp THE WM. HAMILTON MEG. CO. LTD. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. Branch Ormce: | Vancouver ar we. T# CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVII. NuMBER a TORONTO, ONT., MAY, 1896 4 TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR | Single Copies, 10 Cents. ONTARIO LOG OUTPUT. Tue quantity of logs taken out during the winter largely determines the amount of lumber which will be placed upon the market during the following season, notwithstanding the fact that the total output is not always manufactured. Consequently the question is one in which lumbermen are deeply interested. It is not pose sible at this date to give information which will prove to be absolutely correct, as against 19,205,000 feet last season. There is to come down the Spanish river this spring in the neighborhood of 200,000,000 feet. Last year 180,000,000 feet came to the booms. The White Fish river will probably show an output slightly exceeding 22,000,000 feet. The output of the Keewatin Lumber Co., of Keewatin, is placed at 8,500,000 feet. They have 6,000,000 feet of last season’s logs in the the drives are just being started, years, as several firms have curtailed considerably. The following figures show the quantities taken out by J. E. Murphy, of Hepworth Station, in the past two seasons : 1895. 3,000,000 Hemlock. 830,000 Hardwood. 150,000 Cedar and Pine. 7,000 Pieces Ties. 8,000 Posts. 1896. 1,750,000 Hemlock. 1,050,000 Hardwood. 255,000 Cedar and Pine. 6,300 Ties. 4,500 Posts. Mr. Murphy is carrying over a considerable quantity of hemlock and hard- wood lumber. The mills in that and low water may result in con- vicinity have taken out larger stocks of hardwoods than in 1895, siderable quantities of logs being = tied up. It is believed, however, but the stock of hemlock is prob- that the total output for the past = winter compares favorably in ex- tent with that of the previous season, with the probability of a slight curtailment. Its extent, nevertheless, is greater than the present demand for lumber would warrant, when the fact is consid- ered that large stocks of lumber have been carried over by manu- facturers for the past two years. In some sections a larger cut than was desired was necessitated in order to remove titnber which had been damaged by forest fires. In the Ottawa valley the winter was very favorable for operations in the woods, and the log output exceeds that of a year ago. In the Georgian Bay district the quantity of logs taken out by Canadian firms is said to be below that of last season, while on the other hand the operations of American companies are believed to be more extensive than last season. While some of the Can- adian operators have increased their output, others have taken out very small stocks, and some of the ses ably a little lighter. = Macpherson & Schell, of Alex- = andria, Ont., have taken out this winter the following stocks, being about the same as last year: = 1,200,000 ft. of basswood ; 850,- ooo ft. of ash ; 500,000 ft. of soft elm; 150,000 ft. of hard maple ; 50,000 ft. of birch ; and 500,000 of hemlock, spruce and other logs. They have at their fac- =— 2 tories. 850,000 ft. of elm logs, DA 2,000 cords of heading bolts, and sufficient cedar bolts for 6 millions hil? ofshingles. The stocks of eleven =, other mills on the C. A. R. and eA = C. P. R. east of Ottawa, and on een the G. T. R. east of Brockville, : show, perhaps, a slight decrease a * as compared with last year’s LS ==—_—_— stocks. = _—— = SPOOL WOOD AT MATANE,QUE. —— Ir is not generally known that a large quantity of spool wood is manufactured yearly on the Lower St. Lawrence, in and around Matane. It is seventeen years since this industry started there, = and several million feet are ex- mills will not be operated this =2@2 = === ported to Great Britain yearly. summer owing to the large stock of lumber carried over. The Georgian Bay Lumber Co., of Waubaushene, have slightly exceeded last year’s output. Their supply is estimated at from 35,000,000 to 40,000,000 feet. The Ontario Lumber Co.’s operations will, in all probability, show a curtailment. The Irwin Chapman Lumber Co. have taken out 100,000,000 feet on the Wahnapitae river, and Munro & Gordon 11,000,000 feet at Sud- bury. The output of Graham, Horne & Co., Fort William, is in the vicinity of 11,000,000 feet. The Whaley Lumber Co., of Huntsville, have taken out three-and-a-half million feet, while last season their output was two millions. The Spanish River Lumber Co., of Spanish River, estimate their output at 22,000,000 feet, THE LAST NIGHT IN CAMP. To-night they meet like comrades tried, And tell of dangers dire, At dawn they'll part to scatter wide ; As the sparks of their shanty fire. —ANON. water. In the season of 1895, they sawed 9,500,000 feet, and will probably saw more this year. The Ontario and Western Lumber Co., of Rat Portage, are said to have taken out about 8,000,000 feet. The total output of the Lake of the Woods district is placed at 30,000,000 feet. J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls, manu- factured a little over 25,000,000 feet of lumber in the season of 1895, and expect tomanufacture about 40,000,000ft. thisseason. Aquantityoflogswere left over from last season, which, with the past winter’s output, will make this amount. In that vicinity the output is below that of previous Last year more than 4,000,000 feet were shipped. It has been ot much benefit to the people in a country where agricultural returns are small and fishing has gone down to almost a minimum. But a small quantity of spool wood will be made this winter, as the spool centers are placing their orders in Maine, where there are greater facilities for shipping and disposal of waste, which is great. However, as white birch be- comes scarcer in Maine, the thread makers must look for their supplies elswhere, as long as they use spools for thread, which is likely to be for some years yet. Spoolbars should be sawn in the winter, before the frost leaves the wood, which will then retain its white, fresh appearance, also, jt must be protected from rain and weather as much as possible while drying. + THE CANADA LUMBER itatTi oo ———$—$— NOVA SCOTIA NOTES. [Special Correspondence of the CanaDA LUMBERMAN.] THE winter throughout the province of Nova Scotia has been very favorable for cutting and hauling lumber to the banking points, and now the outlook for stream driv- ing is good. There is an abundance of snow in the woods, which the cool weather is preserving until the ice in the sluggish parts of the river and in the lakes melts, and the probability is that with the rains that may reason- ably be looked for, stream driving will go off witha Along the south shore of the province driving is now being pushed. The streams along that shore open earliest, so that the mills get to work early in April. rush. There is splendid water power on the La Have, Port Medway, Liverpool, Jordan, Shelburne and Clyde rivers, a part of which on each is utilized as power for saw mills. There are also pulp mills—mechanical or grinding pro- cess—at New Germany on the La Have, Mill Village, on the Port Medway, and at Milton, on the Liverpool rivers. The pulp mills at New Germany and Milton are owned by the same company, represented by Hon. A. G. Jones, Halifax, the superintendents of both mills being brothers, the Messrs. Hughes. They are thoroughly practical men in their line, which is proven by the success they are meeting with in the business. The Milton mill turns out thirty-four tons of wet pulp, and the New Germany mill nearly as much. The product of the latter is taken by train to Lunenburg, about forty: miles, thence by vessel to Halifax, where it is shipped to England. Shipments are also made to Boston direct from Lunenburg and Liverpool. The Milton mill is about four and a half miles from shipping point, to which the pulp is hauled by teams at present, but arrangements are being made to build an electric railway from the shipping point to the mill and some ten or twelve miles further up river to Greenfield, the power to be supplied by water at the pulp mills. All these pulp mills run day and night from one o'clock Mon- day morning till twelve o’clock Saturday night, and it takes no small amount of timber to supply them. They give steady employment to a large force of men in all the operations from the woods to the shipping point, besides the cargoes furnished vessels. At Mill Village, on Port Medway river, J. P. Mitchell & Co. have a large double gang, water power saw mill, but it is not being operated this year. Messrs. J. & J. Coop, Milton, have a steam and water power gang saw mill at Brodklyn, three miles east of Liverpool. The mill is furnished with lath, shingle and planing machinery. The Messrs. Coop havea large area of good timber land near the mill and make a specialty of cutting frame and ship timber, besides sawing for the West India and South American markets ; they ship from Liverpool. At Milton, two and a half miles above Liverpool, there are five mills on one dam, owned by Messrs. Tupper. Bros., John Millard, Ira P. Freman, A. T. Freeman and John G. Morton. With the exception of Mr. Millard’s mill they are all single live gang mills, that is, the log goes through the gang in its sound state, the boards all being edged afterwards. These mills cut principally boards for the West India,"South American and Boston markets. Mr. Millard has completely remodelled his mill during the past winter; formerly it wasa rotary. He has changed it over to use the rotary for slabbing the logs and put ina stock gang, patent parallel edger, and all the modern im- provements. Mr. Millard also has a rotary mill, water power, near Brooklyn, and a sash, door and planing fac- tory at Liverpool, and also carries on shipbuilding at the latter place. At the present time he has two large vessels nearly finished, one of them for a steamer. Mr. Millard is putting up alarge hotel in Liverpool, to replace the ‘‘ Trilby,” burned in the great fire last year. He is also a large importer of West India goods, shipping along the coast and to Newfoundland. Three quarters of a mile above the last named mills on same river there is another dam, on which there are three mills. Lhe owners are Eldred Minard, William Ford and Harlow & Kempton. live gang mills_and saw boards, while that of the latter is a gang and rotary mill, with lath and box machinery. They also have a factory apart from the mill, with planers, resaws and-box machinery, where everything is utilized that can be turned to a profit. Messrs. Harlow & Kemp- ton ship a large quantity of lumber besides their own cut. They also do a large general store business. Those of the two former are single Messrs. Gardner & Storratt, Brooklyn, have a very nicely arranged water power, rotary mill, with shingle, lath and planing machinery. Mr. Nathan Gardner, Brooklyn, has a shingle factory, which turns out a large quantity of shingles in the run of a year, most of which are shipped to the West Indies and Newfoundland. During the sawing season, Milton, Brooklyn and vicinity are busy places, very prettily situated, within sight of the Atlantic ocean, and if ‘‘ Eli” wantsa finetrip this summer send him here. WY cic pies ees CANADIAN PATENTS. A patent has recently been granted to Alexander Mc- Ewan, of Calumet, Que., for a method of floating heavy timber, as shown by the accompanying illustration. The Cane — ES mT METHOD OF FLOATING HEAVY TIMBER. invention will prove interesting to lumbermen, and is de- scribed by the patentee as follows: An improved method of fastening hard or heavy timber to soft or light timber for the purpose of floating such hard or heavy timber, con- sisting in a bolt passing through the timbers at or near each end of same and under the head of which bolt a spiral spring is placed. D. B. Hanson, of San Francisco, and the Edward P. Allis Co., of Milwaukee, U. S., have been granted a patent in Canada for a band saw-mill, as illustrated below. The inventors’ claim is as follows: The combination of a main frame provided with guides, a supplemental frame or yoke BAND SAW-MILL. movable in said guides, an upper band wheel shaft, and pedestals or supports for said shaft carried by the yoke, the axes of the shaft and pedestals being in a common plane with the guides. In combination with the main frame of a band saw-mill, a sliding yoke r, frame B mounted within the main frame, and provided with lugs d, and with stops f, stirrups F carried by said lugs, a lever E carried by the stirrups, pedestal G mounted and mov- able in the yoke, a band-wheel shaft carried by said pedestals, and rods extending from the lever to the pedestals. In combination with frame A, having recess g, shaft C, pedestal G supporting said shaft, lever E sup- porting said pedestal, and weight J carried by lever E, and located within the recess. At Fowler's saw mill at Canaan, N. B., on the 3rd ultimo, George Delehunt, of Parrsboro, was caught in the machinery and instantly killed. May, 1896 “ CUT-OFFS.” Bay City, Micu., 27th March, 1896. To the Editor of the CANADA LUMBERMAN : Dear $1r,—In your March number you speak of “ cut- offs,’ and would like to bring producer and consumer to- gether. I have made a specialty of handling small hard- wood piece stuff through Massachusetts and Connecticut, and have had as many as 344 customers, doing a business from $2,000 to $5,000 per month, the largest three months sales being $17,863. It is a very difficult business to handle. The chair, tool and toy men are all right and need but few personal calls. The novelty, specialty, dealers, turners and enamelers need frequent visits and are chronic kickers, often times with reason, as the mill man does not use due care to cut exactly to size, and the stock is not properly bunched, counted and marked. This stuff must be free from all defects, true to size, dry, bright, straight, and shipped promptly when required. If this is adhered to there is no doubt of success, as there is a large and growing demand for such stuff. This trade cannot be done on commission for the reason that often times both the producer and consumer will try and save the commission by dealing direct, and so the middleman is out. At least this was my experience. Yours respectfully, R. A. JOHNSTON. PERSONAL. G. H. Miles, a well-known lumberman of St. John, N.B., is dead. + «abel ‘ Mr. David McLaren, lumber merchant, of Ottawa, Ont., has recently returned from Great Britain. — are Francis Smith, a prominent lumber surveyor, of St. Stephen, N. B., died on the 11th of April, at the age of sixty-one years. ve di The death is announced of Mr. Charles Bertrand, of Isle Verte, Que., who for nearly half a century carried on a saw mill business and spool factory at that place. Messrs. R. H. Smith, Wm. Power, Stuart Dunn, and Hon. John Sharples, representative Quebec lumbermen, have returned from the English markets, and report a satisfactory business. Mr. Thomas Mackie, the well-known lumberman of Renfrew, Ont., has been unanimously chosen as the Liberal candidate to contest North Renfrew at the ap- proathing Dominion election. The LUMBERMAN had the pleasure of a call recently from Mr. William Irwin, lumber merchant, of Peterboro’, Ont. Mr. Irwin expresses confidence in Canadian lum- ber, having recently become the possessor of additional timber limits. " Mr. .W. B. Snowball, the popular manager of Hon. Senator Snowball’s lumber business at Chatham, Ont., has recently taken unto himself a bride, in the person of Miss Bertha Harris. The LUMBERMAN extends its con- gratulations. Mr. C. Beck, of Penetanguishene, Ont., will in all _ probability receive the Liberal nomination for Algoma at the forthcoming Dominion election. Being a large lum- berman, and owning several timber limits, Mr. Beck’s chances of success are considered good. Mr. John Briggs, of the firm of Briggs & Sons, sash and door manufacturers, Brockville, Ont., succumbed to the grim hand of death a fortnight ago. The deceased was 72 years of age, and had been connected with the business interests of Brockville for more than half a century. : Mr. Henry Dufell, who had been a resident of St. John, N. B., for fifty-four years, died in that city a fortnight ago, at the age of 80 years. Mr. Dufell was formerly connected with Messrs. Jardine, lumber operators, and afterwards went into business for himself, retiring from active life six years ago. Mr. Arthur Forchheimer, representing Hugo Forch- heimer, lumber merchant, of Frankfort-on-the-Main, Ger- many, is at present on a visit to this continent, with a view of investigating the possibilities of exporting hardwood and other lumber. He states that in many parts of Europe the lumber consuming trade are entirely unacquainted with American woods, with the exception of pitch pine. The flagstaff standing in Kew Gardens, London, measures in height 159 feet, the weight being 4 tons, 8 cwt., 2qrs. The wood is the Douglas pine of Vancouver's Island. a MAy, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 BOILER EXPLOSION AT RIDGETOWN. On the 6th of April a boiler exploded in the saw, stave and heading mill of Watson Bros., at Ridgetown, Ont., which completely wrecked the ‘mill and has thus far resulted in the death of four persons. The accident occurred just as the em- ployees were preparing to enter upon their days’ work. The fire had been under the boiler for some time, but the machinery had only been in operation about a minute and a half. The boiler was a horizontal tubular one, 54 inches diameter and 11 feet 6 inches long, with 58 tubes 3 in. in diameter, and a dome 20 in. diam. and 27 in. high. and were a little over one-quarter inch thick. The plates were iron and uninjured, with bridge and bolt attached. The dome was thrown about 600 feet, and the plate to which dome had been attached went about 7oo feet in a different direction. The position of the front part of shell and of the back part confirm the theory that the boiler gave way first at the upper part, as these pieces were thrown in opposite directions and appear to have been turned end for end in their flight. A second boiler which had no steam on at the time was thrown bodily over the engine and badly ruptured. The violence of the explosion is clear proof that there was plenty of water in the boiler at the time, and the back head showed no sign of ever traced out to the maker, or seller, or user of the boiler, and the blame fixed upon the right person. The coroner’s jury, in their verdict, stated that the cause of the explosion is unknown, but recommended that the government make it com- pulsory to users of steam boilers of all kinds to have them periodically inspected by competent boiler inspectors. GAS LIGHTING FROM SAWDUST. TuE town of Deseronto enjoys the distinction of being partially lighted by sawdust. The saw- dust is charged in retorts, which are heated by a wood fire, the gas from the retorts passing into a series of coils and thence into the purifiers, The joints were all single riveted, the lap of plates being 2 in., and the rivets were 5gin. diam. and 2 in. pitch. Manhole was 15 in. by 11% in. and had a strengthening ring around it 134 in. by %in. The boiler was in general good order and fairly clean inside. After explosion there was no evidence that the boiler had been neglected or had been carelessly used. The back head had been renewed at some time and was in very good condition, and evi- dently was stronger than the front head. The boiler had been used at a pressure of nearly 90 Ibs. per sq. inch, and was supposed to be quite safe for a higher pressure. It apparently gave way first at the manhole, or near to it, and was split open from the top across the boiler. The manhole cover was picked up about 60 feet from the original position of the boiler, complete BOILER EXPLOSION AT RIDGETOWN, ONT. The quality of the plates seemed to be common boiler iron, and the most probable cause of the explosion was that the pressure carried was too high for the strength of the shell at the manhole and at base of dome. The severe strain put upon these parts had gradually weakened the boiler, so that it gave way at the ordinary working pressure. How best to prevent similar accidents is a question well considering. In Great Britain where so many boilers are in use, Gov- having been over-heated. worth ernment inspection has been carefully avoided, but the Boiler Explosions Act requires the user of a steam boiler to report to the Government every accident, no matter how trifling, and an investi- gation is held and the owner has to prove that he was using all proper precautions. Under this system the fault which led to the accident is which are similar to those used for coal gas. Lime is the principal purifying agent employed. When it passes out of the retorts the gas pos- sesses an odor much less disagreeable than that of ordinary lighting gas, and resembles somewhat that of the smoke from a fire of green wood or leaves. The works in use are small, turning out daily 540 cubic metres of gas, for the production of which about two tons of sawdust are required. A man and a boy furnish all the labor needed at the works. The gas in an ordinary burner gives an illumination of about 18 c.p. The best quality comes from resinous woods. A quantity of 100 kilogs of sawdust leaves a residue of 20 kilogs of charcoal. Timber testers say that seasoned timber is twice as strong as green. Long leaved pine is stronger than oak. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN May, 1896 MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LiFe INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LumBerMAN Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the 1st day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION : One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance....... $1.00 One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... -50 Foreign Subscriptions, $2.00 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate zeport not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetrr * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanapA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘WanTED” and “For SaLE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce: ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. PREFERENTIAL TRADE. Tue address recently delivered before the Canada Club in London by Mr. Chamberlain, Colonial Secretary, on the subject of preferential trade between Great Britain and her Colonies, has awakened much interest throughout the Em- pire. The recent difficulty with the United States and Germany appears to have directed the attention of the British government to the ne- cessity of devising means of binding the Empire more closely together ; indeed, Mr. Chamberlain, in the address referred to, expressed the opinion that a closer union of Great Britain and her Colonies is Empire as such.” Attention is also called, in the address, to the ‘essential for the existence of the following resolution adopted at the Intercolonial 18943) “hat this Conference records its belief in the advantage of a customs arrangement between Great Britain and her Colonies, by which trade within the Em- pire may be placed upon a more desirable footing Conference held at Ottawa in than that which is carried on with toreign countries,” and also to a resolution moved by Mr. McNeill, in the Dominion Parliament at its present session, which declares that ‘‘it is desir- able, in the interests of Great Britain and of the Colonies, that a moderate ad valorem duty, in- dependent of any existing duty, should be im- posed, both by the Colonies and by the Mother Country, upon all imports from foreign countries.” Having referred to the fact that there exists a united opinion in Canada and Great Britain re- garding the necessity for closer union between the various branches of the Empiré, Mr. Chamber- lain proceeds to argue that such a union could be more happily approached from its commercial side. He points out that the consolidation of the German Empire of to-day was brought about by a commercial zollverein, which had the ultimate effect of bringing the various independent states together in political as well as commercial union. As to the possibility of preferential trade be- tween Great Britain and her Colonies, Mr. Chamberlain frankly states that he does not con- sider that the proposals which have thus far come from the Colonies are sufficiently favorable to in- duce the mother country to depart from the policy of absolute free trade which she has es- tablished and worked upon for so many years. On this point he says, ‘‘I think we may very fairly ask our fellow subjects in the Colonies to better their offer, if, as I believe, they desire to proceed upon these lines, and if those lines do really offer the best direction in which we can proceed,” and adds, ‘‘I want especially to point out that the advantages of such a proposal are so enormous to the Colonies, as they would un- doubtedly lead to the earliest possible develop- ment of their great natural resources, would bring to them population, would open to them the enormous market of the United Kingdom for their products—their food, their timber, their sugar. The advantages, I say, are so enormous that it appears to me that the Colonies themselves would be bound to give to any suggestion of this kind, at all events, a careful reconsideration.”’- It must be admitted by all who have given the subject any consideration that the preferential trade problem is a large and difficult one. Theo- retically, it would be a most desirable thing to have an arrangement which would consolidate the Brit- ish Empire, but when the many divergent interests involved are considered, the possibility of arriving at a satisfactory arrangement is open to question. Anything short of a heavy duty by Great Britain in favor of her Colonies would be of little advan- tage to them, and just here the question arises, would the British consumer consent to pay such a duty? On the other hand, Canada and Aus- tralia have adopted the protective system, the idea in the case of this country being to develop our manufacturing interests. Ifto get preference in the British markets for our natural products would involve the free admission of British manu- factured goods, would our people be willing to sacrifice to a certain extent the interests of our home manufacturers ? Any arrangement which might be made would necessarily be based on the principle of conserv- ing the welfare of the majority of the industries of the different countries concerned. It would not be possible to take into consideration the partic- ular circumstances in connection with any one in- dustry, and we can readily conceive that an arrangement under which advantage would accrue the majority of the industries of Canada might work very serious disadvantage to some one par- ticular industry. What for example would be the probable effect upon the lumber industry of Canada? If Great Britain were to discriminate in favor of Canadian lumber and against the United States, might we not reasonably expect that the United States would retaliate upon Can- ada by again imposing a heavy import duty on our lumber? While we would no doubt find in Great Britain a market for much of our lumber of the better class, it is extremely doubtful if we could dispose of our low grade lumber, which now goes to the United States. As, owing to the disappearance of choice timber, we are every year manufacturing a larger quantity of low grade lumber, the question of finding a market for the same is becoming a more and more im- portant one. Even supposing that the United States should not reimpose a duty upon our lum- ber, the partial closing of the British market to lumber from the United States would result in increased competition in the American home mar- ket and lessen the possibility of finding a market there for Canadian lumber. These are points which present themselves on a first consideration of this question. It is of course yet too early to be able to consider the subject in its various phases. A conference of delegates representing the various parts of the Empire is to be held shortly to consider the ques- tion.- After the deliberations of this Conference shall have been published, we should find our- selves in a better position to discuss the matter intelligently. BUILDING TIMBER. ir Tue gradual disappearance of good building timber from Ontario, and the substitution of hemlock, soft elm and basswood for white pine and the better class of woods, is the cause of much wrong-doing in the building trades, and the creation of a class of buildings whose lives will be short by comparison. The high price of white or red pine joists is made an excuse by country builders to substitute hemlock instead, where the use of such uncertain lumber should be. carefully eschewed. Fancy hemlock joists in the lower floor of a country farm house, where perhaps only a few inches of space exists between the damp earth and the lower edge of the joists. What is the result? A rotten floor in a few years, and a miasmatic one from the moment it is laid. Where it can be avoided, hemlock should never be employed in a situation subject to alternations of dryness and dampness. It does very well if kept constantly dry, though it has the quality of becoming very brittle if made very dry, and is not by any means a reliable wood, if subject to sudden strains. Hemlock may be used with profit in the upper floors of small or medium-sized buildings, that are not likely to be subject to heavy work, and when once in place and properly secured, does satisfac- tory service. For inside studding, scantlings and light roofing timbers, it will do fairly good service if skilfully arranged and properly secured. It must not be supposed that we decry hemlock as a building material We do not. Like everything else it has its uses, and it is its improper use we object to. For rough boarding, sheeting and roof covering hemlock has no equal. It is superior to pine in nail-holding qualities, and when dry and properly machined makes a firm and solid base to ‘‘side” or shingle over, and each nail may be driven home with a certainty that it will stay where put. When covered, as under shingles, hemlock is not so likely to ‘‘ swell” or ‘‘ warp” in a damp atmos- phere, as pine would under like circumstances. Hemlock timber, though frequently used in heavy constructions, is rarely satisfactory, owing to the unequal direction of the grain, and the difficulty of working it to correct and proper shape. While it may do passably well for temporary ae — May, 1896 structures, such as bridge centres, platforms, scaffolding, etc., it should never be employed for outside purposes where permanency is an import- ant factor. i Eee EDITORIAL NOTES. Hau ine logs by rail is becoming more popu- lar in the northern and eastern districts of the United States, while in some parts of Canada the method has also been adopted with success. During the past winter unfavorable conditions existed for logging in many sections of Canada and the United States, and were such seasons to be frequent, we predict a more general adoption of railways for the purpose of facilitating the movement of logs. In response to a question asked in the Domin- ion parliament regarding the recent proposal to impose an export duty on pulp wood, it was stated that it was not the intention of the Govern- ment to impose such a duty. The Governor- General-in-Council is authorized to impose a duty by order-in-council, provided the case came under the provisions of section 13 of the Customs’ Tariff Act. Ifit did not, the advice of Parliament would be asked before anything was done. Tue necessity of standard rules of inspection of hardwood lumber is becoming more generally recognized in the United States, and hopes are now entertained of the adoption, at least by the principal eastern markets, of a code of rules which will to some extent remove the difficulties which shippers of lumber have hitherto experi- enced in this connection. The opposition to uniform rules which existed a short time ago has in a measure disappeared, and the trade as a whole take more kindly to the idea. Canadian lumbermen will welcome the advent of this much needed reform. Tue Canadian Gazette, published in London, Eng., in speaking of Canada’s resources in pulp wood, points out that Canadian mills should carry the pulp wood business a step further, namely, to the manufacture of paper. The Unit- ed Kingdom imported last year unprinted paper to the value of £2,046,106, and strawboards, millboards, and wood-pulp boards to the value of 4548,254. The exports of paper from the United States last year were of the value of about £500,000 sterling. Canada, with her forest resources and unlimited water-power, should certainly secure a large portion of this business. At present Great Britain looks chiefly to Germany, Holland, Sweden and Belgium for her imported supply of paper. It is to be regretted that the peculiarities of the lumber business enable so many tricksters to enter into competition with honorable men. The lumbermen who can justly be said to represent the trade are gentlemen of honor, whose business transactions are carried on in a straight-forward manner. But, unfortunately, from time to time we hear of transactions on the part of certain parties in connection with the lumber business which -ear on their face the mark of diskcnesty. Cur attenticn wes 1ecently cirected to tke fect that en Americen Evyer wes pruickasirg lunter jin Crizric at the seme fgure at which ke vis cellirg ite seme lumber at Cewege, N. Y. The THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 same person is also said to have purchased lum- ber in Buffalo at a figure in the vicinity of $14 per thousand feet, and agreed to supply it to an Oswego firm at $10.75. We leave our readers to judge for themselves how he intended to ‘« finance ” the scheme. THE present would seem to be an opportune time for Canadian lumbermen to take steps to- wards the further development of trade with Cuba. recently received a communication from the The Governor-General of Canada has British consul at St. Jago de Cuba, enclosing a number of resolutions passed by business men at several commercial centres, condemning the stand taken by the United States in relation to Cuban affairs, and pledging themselves to purchase no more goods from that country. A considerable trade has already been secured in that country by some of our eastern lumbermen, and this oppor- tunity should not be allowed to pass without a further effort being made in this direction. AN industry which promises considerable de- velopment is the manufacture of butter tubs. For this purpose spruce is largely used, owing to the fact that it does not communicate the taste of the wood to the contents of the vessel. An effort is being made by Washington Territory spruce manufacturers to secure a portion of this trade in the Eastern States. Canadian lumbermen should also make an effort to secure a share of this business. As has already been pointed out, the supply of spruce in the Eastern States is very meagre. Manufacturers on this side of the line would be obliged to pay a duty of twenty-five per cent. on butter tubs or shooks shipped into the United States, but this amount would seem to be below the cost of freight from the western spruce- producing territory. The demand in Canada for tubs and boxes for butter packing is also increas- ing. Efforts are being made to establish a dairy trade with China and Japan, while Great Britain takes considerable of our butter. In the latter country objections are being raised to the old- fashioned tub, the 56-Ib. boxes being considered the preferable form for shipment. From time to time we receive from subscribers to THE CANADA LUMBERMAN expressions of ap- preciation of the journal, such as those which we print in this issue. These are very gratifying and encouraging to the publisher, as is also the fact that the number of subscriptions discontinued each year bears an exceedingly small relation to the total list of subscribers, and is far more than replaced by new subscribers. The large number of persons who have been continuous subscribers for five, ten, twelve and fifteen years is also satis- factory evidence of the appreciation with which the journal is regarded as the exponent of the lumbering and wood-working interests. There is one other method by which our subscribers may show appreciation of our efforts, and assist the prosperity of the journal, that is, by consulting regularly its advertisement pages, and mention- ing THe LuMBERMAN in their correspondence with manufacturers of machinery and other appliances. When something in this line is required which subscribers do not find advertised, they will oblige by dropping us a post card, stating the fact, when we will put them in the way of getting what they need. A LEGAL DECISION. SALTER v. St. LAwRENCE LuMBER Co.—De- fendants were a foreign company and had offices in London, Quebec and* New Brunswick, but no office or agent within the province, and did no business within the province of a regular or per- manent character. Subsequently to an order of the Supreme Court of N.B. winding up the com- pany under provisions of c. 129, R.S.C., and ap- pointing liquidators (none of whom resided within the province), plaintiff attached and levied on certain assets of the company. Thereupon the liquidator moved to set aside the attachment and levy, and obtained an order accordingly. On appeal from that order it was contended (a) that the liquidator not being a party to the suit had no standing in the Court, and was not entitled to attack the proceedings ; (b) that the winding- up order was not proved, not having been certi- fied and sealed with the seal of the Court as re- quired by statute ; (c) that the liquidator had not shown that he had authority from the Court to intervene in the action ; (d) that since the liquida- tor’s title was founded on liquidation he should have proved it distinctly. Held, that as the functions of the directors ceased at the winding-up, the liquidator was the proper and only person who could intervene to conserve the assets of the company, and for such purpose it was not necessary that he should be a party to the suit ; That the motion to set aside attachment was not an attempt to enforce any order made by the N.B. Court (in which case the provision of sec. 85 regarding the mode of proving such order would have to be complied with), but to protect rights acquired under the winding-up proceedings; That on such a motion it was not necessary for the liquidator to do more than satisfy the Judge by reasonable proof—such proof as is cus- tomarily employed on interlocutory applications and motions founded on affidavit—that a winding- up order had been granted when made, and that liquidators had been appointed. Held further, that the summary provisions of O. 47, J. A., did not apply to a foreign company which merely had a few isolated transactions within the province, but conducted no regular or continuous business. TRADE NOTES. The gang saws for Peters’ mill at Parry Sound, Ont., were supplied by the William Hamilton Manufacturing Co., of Peterboro. 3 The Small & Fisher Co., of Woodstock, N. B., have made three shipments of shingle machinery to British Columbia recently. ; The Pembroke Lumber Co., of Pembroke, Ont., have commenced sawing. Having recently refitted their mill, they are prepared to fill orders on short notice. The Ottawa Saw Works Co. report a good demand for their saws from different parts of Canada. It is the in- tention of the company to erect an addition to their factory at the.Chaudiere. P. Payette & Co., of Penetanguishene, Ont., have recently shipped one of their improved double edgers to the A. R. Williams Machinery Co., of Toronto, and also one to the Stevens Lumber Co., of New Brunswick. T. McAvity & Sons, of St. John, N. B., have supplied Andre Cushing & Co.’s mill with large quantities of leather belting. The longest piece is 120 feet long and 48 inches wide, while two other pieces measure 120 ft. x 18 inches and 68 ft. x 20 inches. ———— NT The Puget Sound Lumberman, of Tacoma, Wash., has been purchased by Frank B. Cole, proprietor of the West Coast Lumberman, of the same city. The consolidation of the two journals should enable the publisher to produce a paper of high standard. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN May, 1896 ‘THE DAKE ENGINE. THE extremely compact type of engine shown in the accompanying illustrations is unusually interesting on account of the ingenious mechan- ical principles involved in its design. As a steam engine, aside from questions of design, the man- ufacturers claim that experience has demon- strated that in reliability, and especially durabil- ity, it is not exceeded by any of the types of On account of its compact form, usual design. Fic. 1.—DAKE STATIONARY ENGINE. this engine is claimed to be particularly suited for running ventilating fans, centrifugal pumps, incandescent lighting dynamos and saw mill Being strongly built, self-contained, and not affected by ordinary jars, it also gives carriages. reliable service when used to run smoke-consum- ers and head-light or other dynamos on railway trains, and when employed for various auxiliary purposes aboard vessels. Fig. 1 illustrates the engine complete, and in Fig. 2 the pistons are removed, showing the interior of the case with the crank in position, this latter revolving in the chamber shown in the back of the case in the central cut. This cham- ber is supplied with oil and water from an opening in its back, thus securing lubrication to every part of the interior of the engine. Both side pistons have a horizontal movement sliding from side to side, and at the same time an inner piston to which the crank pin is attached has a vertical or up and down motion, the two movements imparting rotary motion to the crank. Steam is admitted through channels in the cover, one opening into a central aperture and another into an annular opening on the Fic. 2,—DAKE ENGINE, SHOWING PISTON WITH CYLINDER COVER REMOVED. inside of the cover. Four channels are cored through the inner piston, one leading to the top and another to the bottom, and one to each end of the inner piston, the latter also leading through the ends of the outer piston. Four parts corresponding with the channels in the interior of the inner piston are cut through the face (or side next to the cover) of the inner piston in the proper position to register over the central aperture in the cover. The steam entering the port in the inner piston, through the central aperture of cover and re-acting against the side of the case, imparts motion to the crank, the port passing over the annular ring and exhausting into it after having done its work. There are four distinct impulses of steam to each revolution of the crank, and the arrangement of the ports to the crank are such that each impulse of steam is given at a point where it has the greatest power. The expan- sion of steam is secured in the passage of the ports of the inner piston over the central aperture in the cover. With the reversing engine, the chan- nelling on the cover and in the piston is the same as in the engine built to run one way, but the ports in the inner piston are shaped so that they register over both the central and the annular openings, using each alternately as steam and exhaust. The ports on the top of the case being fitted with a suit- able valve which connects the channels leading to the working parts of the engine, motion is given to the engine either to the right or left, as desired. stationary engine, only with reversing throttle instead of governor. Provision is made for taking up the wear of the working parts of the engine in a simple and effective manner. The inner piston is fitted with phosphor-bronze slides that admit of a thin piece of tin or sheet iron being inserted when the wear is sufficient to allow it. A wedge-shaped plate on which the lower slide rests is arranged with set screws on the outside of the case (Fig. 2), which keeps the piston steam tight, top and bottom. The packing of the cover to the pistons copper joints The reversing engine is the same as a = placed between | the edge of the ) case and cover. || The pistons are made so that they are slight- ly thicker than the case they occupy, and enough copper strips are put in to fill up the space ; these joints are removed one at a time as the pistons wear down, and where it is seen that repacking is needed and a copper joint is too much to take off at one time, a piece of thin paper to take its place will repack the cover perfectly. The repacking of the cover as above described, and replacing the nuts or cap screws (as found on the different sizes of engines) evenly, is the only point about the engine that requires careful attention and judgment on the part of the person in charge, and repacking is not required except at long intervals. There is very little friction, and consequently slight wear on the pistons, from the fact that the steam pressure is inside of the inner piston, instead of against it, making the pistons similar to balanced valves. The bearings for the main shaft and crank pin are in the form of bushings and made from phosphor-bronze. From the manner in which steam is applied to the pistons the wear is slight compared with the ordinary engine. When they need renewing the worn ones are driven out and the new bushings driven to place, which can be done by any good machin- ist at a small cost to the purchaser. The crank — Fic. 3.—CARRIAGE ENGINE. and pin are made from the best quality of cast steel, and the shaft, which is machinery steel, is shrunk into the crank in a solid manner. The outer piston is also made from best quality of cast steel. Every part of the interior of the engine is fitted with the greatest care. The inner face of the cover and all of the working parts of the engine are ground surfaces, made with tools especially designed for the manufac- ture of this type of engine, thus ensuring that the engine is practically steam tight from the start. Everything about the inside of the engine is made interchangeable, and can be duplicated in case of accident on short notice. Fig. 3 shows the carriage engine for setting up and receding head blocks. In Fig. 4 is shown the steam feed, which is recommended to the consideration of saw mill Fic. 4.—STEAM FEED. owners and operators. The claims made for it are simplicity .. construction, positive operation and easy management, economical use of steam, small space occupied, cheapness, and easy adap- tation to either new mills or those now in use. In placing the engine in position, it is not neces- sary to move the husk frame, as it can be lower- ed from above through the frame onto founda- tion. The movements of the engine in either direction is under absolute control of the sawyer by lever connecting with reverse valves on top of engine, thus accommodating the speed of the feed to the size and conditions of logs. The Dake engine has been placed upon the Canadian market by the Phelps Machine Co., of Eastman, Que., who will gladly furnish any further information. May, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN = ent GANG HOOP SAWING MACHINE. Tue accompanying machine is adapted for saw- ing hoops from 3-32 to ¥% inch or thicker, 34 to 114 inches wide, any length. Collars are fur- nished for any dimension hoop required. The machine is also adapted to cutting rule stock and similar work in large quantities. It cuts hard or soft timber, the output being almost as smooth as if planed, which for basket hoops and similar work is preferable to planed stock. The feed rolls are adjustable for different thick- nesses of stock. The arbor is fitted to run four Hoop SAWING MACHINE. to eight saws nine inches diameter. The bear- ings are fitted with sight-feed lubricators to ex- clude dust and dirt. The saws can be changed in less than a minute to vary the thickness of hoops. frame, but this machine is also built with a one- It will saw boards 15% It is also made tocarry a greater The engraving herewith shows a wood piece-casting frame. inches long. or less number of saws, as desired. —_—_—————— Some of the most beautiful articles ever made of American woods are piano-cases, side-boards - and furniture, in which oak, maple, cherry and other woods are used in their natural state. It is supposed that the only way to show up the markings in wood is to apply stains and fillers, and the enormity of error in this supposition will be appreciated by any person who will make a close scrutiny of articles made of unstained and unfillered woods. In the case of oak the fillers simply disfigure the wood, making obtrusive lines and shades that really mar the native beauty of that noble wood. In all cases both stains and fillers are inartistic, because wholly unnatural. It is incorrect taste that prefers the vulgarly emphasized filler markings in wood. The poetical rule should prevail in wood finish, that is, the finisher should remember that ‘‘ beauty least adorned is beauty most adorned.” RECENT WOOD-WORKING PATENTS. CANADIAN patents for wood-working machinery have recently been granted as follows :— MACHINE FOR APPLYING ADHESIVE STRIPS TO BOXES AND OTHER ARTICLES. Patentee: H. Inman and H. A. Inman, both of Amster- dam, N. Y., patented 4th February, 1896; 6 years. Claim.—In a machine for applying adhesive strips to boxes and other articles, the combination of a support for the box or other article, a head to reciprocate ina direc- tion substantially parallel with the surface of the box or other article, and a roller carried by said head and having its working face conformed to the surface of the box or other article to be operated upon, and arranged to lay the adhesive strip upon said box, and to roll over the same. In a machine as above described, with feeding and cutting mechanism for above said strip, with spring clamp dis- posed above said strip, and a finger carried by said head and arranged to co-operate with each spring clamp to press the same and hold said strip. MACHINE FOR POINTING SKEWERS. Patentee: Thos. W. Hamlin, Sarawak, Ont., patented 21st February, 1896; 6 years. . Claim.—In a skewer pointing machine, the combination of the hopper, the skewer supporting tables, a shaft op- posed to the said tables journalled in the frame, a pillow block opposed to the interval between the tables, sleeves supported by the pillow blocks encircling the shaft, idlers mounted on the sleeves opposed to the tables, cutter heads mounted on the said shaft on the outer sides of the idlers, a second shaft, pulleys mounted on the second shaft, belts passing around the pulleys and idlers to carry the skewer blanks down the faces of the tables, and means for impart- ing motion to the machine. Ina skewer pointing machine, the combination with the hopper ofa feeding apparatus con- sisting of two slides, one located above the other, a shaft journalled in the frame, cams mounted on the shaft, rock shafts operated by the cams, arranged to work the slides alternately, to allow of the delivery only of one skewer blank at atime from the hopper, skewer supporting tables, a concaved face for each of the tables, a horizontal shaft op- posed to the tables journalled in the frame, pillow blocks opposite the interval between the tables, sleeves supported by the pillow blocks encircling the shaft, substantially as specified. MatcH MACHINE. Patentee: Davenant Rodger, New York, U. S., pat- ented 25th February, 1896; 6 years. Claim.—In a splint cutting machine, the combination with a gang of cutting knives, of means for imprinting or stamping characters upon the splints, in which is com- prised a bed over which veneer is intermittently fed, a gang of cutting knives, a holding and clearing plate bear- ing characters to be imprinted, and means for inking the characters. A splint cutting machine in which is com- prised a gang of cutting knives, and a cutting bed, in combination with rollers adapted to feed the material to be cut, a spring actuated clearer, and means for imprint- ing characters upon the splints. STAINING WOOD BLACK, A process that is much employed for the above purpose consists in painting the wood consecu- tively with copper sulphate solution (one per cent. ) and alcoholic aniline acetate (equal parts of alcohol and acetate). A very durable black—and the nearest approach to red ebony—is readily ob- tained by moistening the surface of the wood with dilute sulphuric acid (1:20), and subsequently applying heat. suffices in a very few minutes to produce the de- An excellent black was obtained in this way on beech, bass and boxwood; while a A temperature of 60°-90° C. sired result. second treatment with acid was necessary in the With oak and ash the results were not so good; and apple, case of cherry, walnut and birch. and different varieties of pine, were still less amenable to the process, pine especially being unevenly stained. In order to afterward remove the acid from the wood, it might be well to thor- oughly wash the latter with dilute soda solution, followed by clean water. It is unlikely that this method can be applied to any but small articles, because of the risk of possible fractures during the necessary heating of the wood. A soLuTion of fifty parts of commercial alizarin in one thousand parts of water, to which a solu- tion of ammonia has been added drop by drop until a perceptible ammonia odor is developed, will give to fir and oak a yellow brown color, If the wood is then treated with a one per cent. aques barium chlor- and to maple a red brown. ide solution, the first-named become brown and the latter a dark brown. If calcium chloride be used instead of barium chloride, the fir be- comes brown, the oak red brown, and the maple a dark brown. tion of magnesium sulphate be used, the fir and If a two per cent. aqueous solu- oak become dark brown and the maple a dark violet brown. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN A GENTLEMAN who is quite familiar with the European market, in speaking of the present agi- tation for a further development of the Ontario hardwood trade in Europe, remarked to me that every precaution should be taken lest the ex- storage, etc., The surest penses of shipping, insurance, should leave nothing for the shipper. way was to endeavor to effect a sale before send- ing the cargo forward, as should it be necessary to store the lumber after its arrival until sucha time as it could be disposed of, the charges would probably eat up all the profit. ‘‘ Canadian mill men,” he said, ‘‘ must also take more pains in cutting their stock in order to supply the 'European market, for in this respect I believe they are somewhat lacking. The Americans are more particular than the Canadians, while in England the mill man is still more particular. There the lumber is put to many varied uses, and it therefore becomes necessary to use great care in cutting it for that market.” * * * Hon. T. NossE, Japanese Consul at Vancou- ver, B. C., recently made a trip through the eastern provinces of the Dominion with the object of introducing Japan to Canada, and vice versa. It was my privilege to meet Mr. Nosse while in Toronto. He informed me that Canada had been largely misrepresented in Japan, and was looked upon by many as being part of the United States. ‘‘I frequently get letters,” he remarked, ‘‘ addressed tS.” about by the fact that the present Canadian trade with Japan has been done largely through United States houses. order from the United States a superior quality of wheaten flour for the use of the army, and when it arrived the bag was labelled ‘ Ogilvie’s.’- Upon asking the supplier where this flour was Canada, with her railways, steamships, banks, and other facili- ties, should not be dependent upon other coun- tries to handle her trade.” With respect to the lumber industry, Mr. Nosse remarked that Japan had immense forests, the only lumber which was exported from Canada to Japan being sleepers and deck planking, which, of course, was sup- plied by British Columbia. A greater trade might, he thought, be built up with China, in which country there were no forests. At present Japan is exporting cedar and pine to China. * * * ‘Vancouver, B. C., This misapprehension has been brought I once had occasion to produced, I was told in Chicago. It’s sad to see a man who in the prime of life enjoyed a liberal share of this world’s goods, stricken with misfortune and compelled to spend in poverty his declining years. And did you ever notice how many men are brought to this con- dition through endeavoring to assist their sons ? I had aconversation recently with such a man, who had been for many years connected with the lumber business, He -had owned a mill in one of the northern countries, and had acquired a competency. The supply of timber in his locality became scarce, and he began to look round for a new location in order that there might be a busi- ness for his boys to step into when he should feel disposed to discard the activities of business life. In Muskoka he found what appeared to be a desirable location, and there he invested be- tween twenty and thirty thousand dollars in a new mill, equipped with the most modern appli- ances. Before any returns had been obtained from the investment, the property was completely destroyed by fire. The insurance did not cover over half the loss. Father and sons set bravely to work and rebuilt the mill, but their capital was exhausted in the effort, and they lacked the means to successfully carry on the business. They also discovered that the cost of delivering the logs at the mill was much greater in Muskoka than at their former location, and that their profits were proportionately less. Difficulties of one kind and another pressed in upon them, until at last they were obliged to yield up the property to their creditors, and sacrifice every dollar of their means. There is a lesson here for fathers as well as for sons. The former should not risk the fruits of their life work for their children, nor should the latter be willing to accept the sacrifice if offered. Let the young men be equipped with a good business education and be given a few hundred dollars if the money can be spared to them. Beyond this they will be none the worse for being thrown upon their own resources. * * *¥ GREATER transformations take place as the years pass by than the unobservant would imagine. Existing conditions to-day are quite different from those of a very few years ago. Of course, you say we are progressing rapidly, and these changed conditions are evidences of advancement. That this is only one view of the question was forcibly impressed on my mind while in conversation recently with Mr. Tennant, of Toronto, on the subject of white pine lumber. ‘* We have encountered within the last five years a number of entirely new conditions,” said Mr. Tennant. ‘‘ We Americans are great on machin- ery, and lumber can now be worked to almost Maple, birch, oak and other hardwoods are now being largely used for finish- ing purposes, and white pine is suffering in con- Then again, for rafters, joists and scantling, hemlock is taking the place of pine, being much cheaper. A saving of $5 per thous- and teet can be effected; thus a builder using thirty thousand feet in a building saves $150. For barn buildings hemlock is being exclusively used in some sections of Ontario. Of course it gives the carpenter a little more trouble in dress- ing, but that doesn’t count for much. I recently paid a visit to a number of smart little towns in Western Ontario, and what did I find? Why, asphalt pavements, to the exclusion of wood. These facts show some of the difficulties under which the white pine trade is laboring, and for my part I am inclined to the belief that we will experience a further decline in prices. In the winter of 1894 large stocks were manufactured which are still unsold. These must be disposed of this season or in all probability the lumber will be spoiled. any shape or form. sequence. I know of a large quantity which was re-piled last summer in order to save it. In my opinion the government made a mis- take in placing too many limits on the market. May, 1896 It was perhaps all right for the government at the time, but the ultimate result will be detri- mental.” I quite agree with Mr. Tennant that the developments of the past few years have been rather unfavorable to white pine, but we must accept the changed conditions with good grace, and hope for other changes in the future which will restore to white pine its old-time pres- tige. * * * Mr: Joun Donocu, of the lumber firm of Donogh & Oliver, Toronto, who has recently re- turned from a trip to New York, Buffalo and other important cities of the neighboring republic, feels quite confident of a change in the United States government. ‘‘ The Democrats concede,” he says, ‘‘ that the Republicans will win the day, and that the best they can do is to make a strong fight. It seems to me improbable that any change will be made in the lumber tariff. The strongest advocates for the re-imposition of the duty are the Southern lumbermen, while the Eastern people will use every effort against any change from the present.” Mr. Donogh informs me that trade in the Eastern States is improving a little, and he managed to secure a few orders. ; * * * A RECENT visitor to Toronto was Mr. D. C. Smalley, of the firm of Smalleys & Woodworth, Bay City, Mich. His firm operate a large saw mill at that place, and are also the possessors of a Canadian timber limit. In conversation with Mr. Smalley on lumber matters, I learned that they cut largely on special bill stuff, in which they find the most profitable returns. ‘‘We have been running night and day for six years,” he remarked. ‘‘Of course, that is only during the season. In the day time we cut the best logs with a band saw, and at night manipulate the rough logs with a circular. In a run of twenty-four hours we obtain 200 barrels of salt from exhaust steam. Our camp is about fifty miles from the mills, and when we require any logs to fill special bills, we telegraph to the camp and have them cut to the exact length and sent down. We sold our board timber last year to Quebec parties for the English market.” I was interested in hearing the opinion of a representa- tive Michigan lumberman on the tariff question and prospects for the season’s trade, and ques- tioned Mr. Smalley along this line. ‘‘ We are expecting a little better year,” he said. ‘‘I do not think the presidential election will influence business as much as has been the case in many former elections. cede that a Repulican will occupy the chair for the next few years at least. In any case, I do not think the tariff as affecting lumber will be disturbed, unless the Canadian government should impose an export duty on logs. In Michigan good lumber is in demand, but the rougher grades are sluggish. We are sanguine, nevertheless, of an improvement. Men on the road are sending in some orders, and this fine weather is having a wonderful effect on. general business. In the north they are curtailing the output of white pine, which it is believed will enable manufacturers to dispose of much of their surplus stock.” I asked Mr. Smalley if any quantity of lumber was coming into Michigan from the Pacific coast, and was informed there was very little. "Western shingles had been coming in pretty freely, but a prejudice was being aroused against them from the fact that, in order to reduce the cost of shipment, they were dried too much and were liable to check, They were laid down in Michigan at $3.50, The Democrats generally con-. oo fe. | WEEKLY EDITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages} $100 Per year { The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. Wor. II. TORONTO, ONT,, APRIL 29, 1896 No. 1% (CANADA [,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY Cc. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MonTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. ' @@ Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and isset in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. ‘OR SALE.—CEDAR POSTS, ETC. APPLY to S. R. BEETON, Minesing, Ont. ANTED.—BY A MAN HAVING 25 YEARS' practical knowledge of milling and lumbering business, a situation as foreman. Address, Box 126, Richmond, Que. IRE BOX BOILER FOR SALE—EIGHTY % h. p.; in perfect condition; good as new; thor- oughly tested ; cheap. F. J. DRAKE, Kingston, Ont. FOR SALE. WO ALLIGATOR STEAM WARPING TUGS, in good working order. For prices and particulars apply to Gitmour & Co., Trenton, Ont. WANTED. POSITION AS SALESMAN IN A PINE mill. One of the best connections in Ontario among planing mil, yard men and manufacturers. Apply Post Office Box 537, Toronto. WANTED. RY SIX FOUR SOFT ELM. QUOTE PRICE f. o. b. Union City, Pa. KeEysToNE CHarR Works, Union City, Pa. POR SALE. McDOUGALL ENGINE, PRACTICALLY new, 16’x20"; pulley, 8x20’; bed, 12’ long; right hand Judson governor, slide valve. Apply to P. H. KNow.Ton, Eastman, P. Q. To Canadian Lumber Manufacturers GENTLEMAN CONNECTED WITH THE lumber trade is leaving for England during the summer for the purpose of forming a connection with English and Scotch lumber merchants tor the sale of Canadian hardwoods and pine. He is willing to under- take sales on commission. Correspondence solicited. Address, ‘‘ Cant Hook,” care CANADA LUMBERMAN. JUDICIAL SALE OF LICENSES FOR DIAN TIMER Et Pursuant to the judgment inan action in the Common Pleas Division of the High Court of Justice for Ontario of Beck v. Spohn, et al, there will be offered for sale at public auction (with the approbation of the Local Master of said court at Barrie), by Messrs. Dickson & Townsend, Auctioneers, at their rooms, No. 22 King Street West, in the City of Toronto, Ontario, at the hour of 12 o'clock noon, on Thursday, the Twenty-Third Day of July, 1896; _(A) The following Ontario Government Provincia . timber berth licenses :— Parcel No. 1—License for berth No. 2 in the Town- ship of Finlayson, in the District of Nipissing; area, including road allowances, about 1034 square miles. Parcel No. 2—License for berth No. 3 in the Town- ship of McCraney, in the District of Nipissing ; area, including road allowances, about 114% square miles. Parcel No. 3—License for berth No. x9 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 11 44-100 square miles. Parcel No. 4—License for berth No. 20 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 5 square miles. Parcel No. 5—License for berth No, 2r in the District of Rainy River; area, about 4 square miles. Parcel No. 6—License for berth No. 25 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 11 square miles, Parcel No. 7—License for berth No. 27 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 7 square miles. Parcel No, 8—License for berth No. 65 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 7 square miles. Parcel No. 9—License for berth No. 67 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 134 square miles. Parcel No. 1o—License for berth No. 68 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 4 square miles. ALSO-(B) The following Dominion of Canada Government timber berth license :— Parcel No. 11—License for berth No. 292, situated on the north fork of High River, in the District of Al- berta; area, about 47 8-100 square miles. TERMS OF SALE. Each parcel will be offered separately and subject to a reserved bid fixed by the said Local Master. The biddings will be of a price per square mile. The license of each berth will be sold subject to the various conditions contained or to be contained therein, and to the various statutes, orders in Council, regula- tions, dues and conditions now affecting or which may hereafter be passed or imposed affecting the same. The price will be computed according to the areas stated above, and no allowance will be made for short- age or for water or for road allowances. No error in any of the above descriptions or in any map exhibited by the Vendor's Solicitors shall annul the sale, nor shall any compensation be allowed in respect thereof. Ground rent and Government dues will be apportioned to the date of sale and assumed by the purchaser from the date of sale. No timber on any berth shall be cut until the purchase money of the license thereof bas been paid in full. The purchaser shall at the time of sale pay down a deposit in proportion of $25 for every $100 of the pur- chase money, and shall pay the balance into court with- out interest to the credit of this cause, within thirty days after the sale. The parties to the action, including the Vendor, shall be at liberty to bid. _The other conditions of sale will be the standing con- ditions of the court. Maps of the berths may be seen at the offices of the Vendor's Solicitors. Further particulars may be had from Messrs. BLAKE, LASH & CASSELS, Canadian Bank of Commerce Building, Toronto, Vendor's Solicitors, and Messrs. M’CARTHY, PEPLER & M’CARTHY, Solicitors, of Barrie. ted at Barrie this third day of December, A.D. 1895. < J. R. COTTER, Master. PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. DEPARTNENT OF GROWN LANDS WOODS AND FORESTS QUEBEC, 25th April, 1896. Notice is hereby given that, conformably to sections 1334, 1335, and 1336 of the Consolidated Statutes of the province of Quebec, the timber limits hereinafter men- tioned, at their estimated area, more or less, and in their present state, will be offered for sale at public auction, in the sales-room of the Department of Crown Lands, in this city, on THURSDAY, THE TWENTY- EIGHTH DAY OF MAY NEXT, AT HALF-PAST TEN A.M., at the upset price hereinafter mentioned opposite each limit : UPPER OTTAWA AGENCY. Area __ Upset price square miles. per mile. Islands in Lake Kaniwanaka, Ot- (aha), Encinas Speco Aa Neacod 2% $500 Block A, sth range, north, % No.1 25 350 Py x re” ‘south, % No.1 25 350 fe ES «* south, % No.2 25 350 Block A, rst range, No. 8A...... 1% 4co LOWER OTTAWA AGENCY. Red River, South A............. 22 I0o if zs OY UB vie vce reece 4934 50 No. 34A Black River............ 8 x/10 100 SAGUENAY AGENCY. Wawale Napa wa aan amie «aaa 1 1/10 14 RIMOUSKI WEST AGENCY. River Neigette.:,......0-sseseeee 10 g/10 30 BONAVENTURE WEST AGENCY. Grand Cascapedia, No. 2 north . 24 25 ee ‘© 2south.. 24 25 ee ihe “ 3south.. 16 25 Sallirieht SiG anno cea deen onge 36 25 GanleronwmNiOwsene raise ance 4 20 GASPE CENTRE AGENCY. York River No. 2 north......... 3 20 CONDITIONS OF SALE. Those limits will be adjudged to the highest bidder on payment of the purchase price in cash, or by cheques accepted by duly incorporated banks. Those timber limits, when adjudged, will be subject to the provisions of all timber regulations now in force or which may be enacted hereafter, Plans of limits offered for sale are opened for inspec- tion in the Department of Crown Lands, in this city, and at the office of the Crown Lands and timber agents in the different agencies in which said limits are situated, up fo the day of sale. N. B.—No account for publication of this notice will be recognized, if such publication has not been expressly authorized by the Department. E, J. FLYNN, Commissioner of Crown Lands. SHIPPING MATTERS. Ship John McLeod, now at New York, has been chartered to load there for Sydney, N. S. W., at £2,150. The Spanish steamer Gallego has been chartered to load deals at St. John, N. B., for Liverpool at 35s. Sch. Arthur M. Gibson is chartered to load sleepers at Bay Chaleur for New York,’ three trips, at 14 cents. The schooner Clara Youell has been chart- ered for the season to carry lumber from Thes- salon to Goderich, Ont. The Anchor line steamer Alsatia has been fixed to load deals at St. John, N. B., for Liv- erpool or Glasgow, at 36s. 3d. The following lumber charters are reported : Barks R. Morrow, Mobile to Buenos Ayres, lumber, $13 net; Alice Reed, Yarmouth or Bridgewater, N. S., to Buenos Ayres, lumber, $7.75; Athena, Yarmouth, N. S., to Buenos Ayres, lumber, $8, Rosario, $9; a steamer, 1,570 tons, Miramichi to Liverpool, deals, 42s. 6d.; a steamer, 1,793 tons, St. John, N. B., to Liverpool or Glasgow, deals, 36s. 3d.; bark, 575 tons, Miramichi to the Mersey, deals, 46s.; bark, 639 tons, St. John, N. B., to e.c. Ireland, deals, gos. — CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. The month of April has drawn to a close with a record of lumber sales of very small proportion. It has shown little improvement over the three preceding months, and from present indications, it must be confessed, the near future will de- velop no unusual activity. ‘‘The local white pine trade is dead,” remarked a wholesale dealer the other day, and his words expressed the sentiments of other dealers with whom the writer talked on the subject. Large orders such as ate handled by wholesale dealers are few and far between, and it is not probable that there will be much activity in this respect until the general election is over. The mill men are receiving small local orders, and their complaints are of a lighter character. Some manufacturers report trade as being ahead of last year, but these are the exception. For the American market there has been more in- quiry during the past week for better grades, but orders are not coming in as they should at this season of the year. © Hardwoods are characterized by a firmer tone and a greater number ofsales. Elm has moved with more freedom of late, and as considerable quantities are in stock, manufacturers are pushing sales. Birch and oak have been in good request, but stocks of the latter are small and difficulty is experienced in filling orders. Hemlock is going largely into building construction, and is consequently meeting with demand. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Early in the season shipments of lum- ber from New Brunswick to the United States were quite restricted, and it was feared that the demand from that quarter might not prove as good as should reascn- ably be expected. The quantity of lumber which has gone forward within the past few weeks, however, has largely dispelled — any anxiety in this respect, and the dealers now have confidence in the season’s trade. The British market, which has been in a satisfactory condition since the early spring, shows no signs cf decline, and new steamship charters are regularly reported. In one week recently ten million feet of deals, etc., cleared from St. John for British ports. In Quebec the disastrous floods of late have prevented the develop- ment of local trade. European shippers are encouraged by the orders which have ~ been received, and shipping prospects both at Montreal and Quebec are very healthy. The prominent houses report unusually large sales, while many of the smaller houses have done correspondingly wr ont ee Aes ers ee + Aa a ) we a 4 A Pe ers a Bee Te Ii. well. It is believed the present season will be the best which has beenexperienced for many years. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. Shipments of lumber from British Co- lumbia to foreign countries are being made constantly, and the mills are run- ning full time. The Moodyville Saw Mill Company have given a contract to cut timber on a berth of 925 acres, situated on St. Vincent Bay, in anticipation of an increased demand. The mills are also shipping largely to the eastern markets, and in addition to this a good local trade is being done. In Manitoba also is ex- perienced no little activity, and a fair season’s trade is anticipated. UNITED STATES. : During the past week the lumber business has exhibited more life than for some time past, yet the volume of trade done is far from what might be expected at this season of the year. Dealers have been enabled to dispose of special lots, but for many lines which should be mov- ing freely the demand cannot be said to be encouraging. It is a known fact that the retail yards are lightly stocked, which will result sooner or later in a replenish- ment. But for the present dealers are as- suming a hand-to-mouth policy with re- spect to purchases, and no orders are be- ing placed beyond those for actual require- ments. One reason for this state of affairs is no doubt the uncertainty which exists regarding the condition of the national finances. Prices, nevertheless, have been well maintained, dealers refusing to drop in order to effect sales. This is strengthen- ing the market, and if carried out a re- munerative business may be expected when conditions improve. At Michigan points some sales of white pine have been effected to Chicago dealers at good figures. At Boston the situation is also improving ; inquiries are increasing, and prices are firm. Oak holds the first position in the hardwood field, followed by basswood. Quarter-sawed white oak is scarce, and is not equal in all cases to the demand. Building operations in Philadelphia are especially brisk, creating a demand for considerable material. Maple flooring is meeting with some call in Michigan, and an advance in price is said to be under consideration. FOREIGN. The British market, which has been quiet of late as regards actual purchases of lumber, is looking up again, and con- tracts have been closed at good prices. Consumers of lumber who have been hold- ing off from placing orders in the hope of a decline in values, now realize that the firm tone of the market is likely to be maintained for the balance of the season, and consequently are stocking freely. Favorable weather for building operations is also stimulating business in deals and boards, and the market is bare of many sizes. Shipments, however, are daily ex- pected. J. M. Bennett & Sons, of Man- LAWRENCE MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN Hardwood Lumber CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. senciathtntc coherence is chester, have sold the whole of their exist- ing stock of spruce deals at a substantial advance. The situation is much superior to the same time last year, when ship- ments were sold much lower. The ma- hogany market retains its firm position, and available stocks are small. Birch, ash and maple are receiving some call, Quebec birch finding a ready sale at 95s. for good medium average, about Jos. in advance of last season’s prices. Some recent sales of 20 in. have been made as high as 115s. A noticeable feature of the British market is the request this year for the small-sized goods, such as 2x3 and 2x4, which meets with ready consumption, Formerly it was difficult to get any quantity of boards and battens narrower than 6inch. Reports from the French market tell of an increased consumption and a probable advance in values. THE SITUATION. REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF THE “WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” Macpherson & Schell, Alexandria, Ont.: The past winter was not very favorable for getting out logs. The prospects for sales look favorable, and we have placed considerable of our season’s cut on contract. Keewatin Lumbering and Manufacturing Co., Keewatin, Ont.: Trade so far this spring has been ahead of last year, and we look for larger sales during this season. Stocks, on the whole, are not so heavy as what have been carried, but we expect there will be plenty to meet the requirements of the west. The total sales from this quarter in 1895 were about forty millions. Bronson & Weston Lumber Company, Ot- tawa, Ont.: There is as yet no active move- ment of lumber from this section. We antici- pate, however, that the better grades will bein most demand when movement commences, but we hear of no recent sales ofimportance. Our stock here is probably slightly under the average in the aggregate, with perhaps a little larger percentage of the common grades than a year ago. J. E. Murphy, Hepworth Station, Ont.: Dry hemlock is going off briskly, and I am re- ceiving a fair supply of orders in hardwood at good prices, especially for rock and soft elm of choice grades. I find it extremely difficult to find a place for common and cull hardwoods. I have recently loaded seven cars of fairly good common and cull birch and maple at the mere cost of handling, in order to get it out of the way of new stock. W. W. Carter, Fesserton, Ont.: Am ship- ping four cars a week. Oak and elm are in most demand. Oak is scarce, and mill men are glad to see elm moving more actively. Have recently sold to the American market two million shingles at a fair price, and a large quantity of elm and pine lumber. Stocks of 1 and 2” cuts and better are scarce, but 134” plentiful. Pine and basswood are also in large stock. Higher grades are firm in price, and other grades nominal, with good average of in- quiries, T. L. Pardo, of Blenheim, Ont., lost 200,- 000 staves by a recent fire in the store room of his cooperage works. & WIGGIN IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN Tabasco Mahogany BOSTON OFFICE - - - 55 KILBY ST. es * y oS y Part ” 7 raw: v5 wah STOCKS AND PRICES. Upwards of 3,000,000 feet of lumber will be shipped from Joggins Mines, N. S., this season. About 3,000,000 feet of lumber will be manufactured at Bolton Centre, Que., this season. Large quantities of birch logs are being shipped to England from the vicinity of Belle- ville, Ont. W. Gillespie has disposed of 300,000 feet of basswood at Three Mile Lake, Ont., to the Rathbun Co. Large quantities of lumber are being shipped from Havelock, N. B. S. H. White & Co. have already shipped 75 carloads. The steamship Oregon, which sailed from St. John for London, had on board 20,592 bdls. box shooks, 15,236 pcs. deals, etc., and 266 pes. birch timber. The steamship Frey took from Halifax for Cardiff last week 1,409,331 feet spruce deals, 21,347 feet ends, 556,303 feet birch deals, and 34,262 feet ends. Harry J. Crowe has purchased from R. Har- low, of Hantsport, N. S., 1,000,000 feet of timber lying at Bishopsville, in the eastern portion of King’s county. ) A syndicate of American capitalists have purchased the lumber lands and logs in con- nection with Rourke’s mill at St. Martins, N. B. ‘The price is stated as $56,000. The Beaver line steamer Lake Superior sailed from St. John, N. B., for Liverpool on the 24th inst., with 350 standards of deals, 200 tons of timber, and 23 cars maple blocks. The steamship Halifax City, from St. John for London, carried 11,920 box shooks and 307 pieces birch timber. From Halifax she took 114,840 ft. deals, 99,712 ft. spruce deals, and 3,509 ft. deal ends. D. E. Spragge, of Winnipeg, will saw 7,000,000 feet of logs this season at his mill on the Red river in Point Douglas. Brown & Rutherford will also saw a considerable quantity at their mill near the Louise bridge. The St. Stephen, N. B., Couiier states that the lumber cut on that river this season will be the smallest yet made, and is estimated as fol- lows: James Murchy & Sons, 6,000,000 ft. ; H. F. Eaton & Sons, 7,500,000 ft.; F. H. Todd & Sons, 2,000,000 ft. The following vessels are reported from Van- couver: British barque Glenbank, for Buenos Ayres, with 1,119,462 sp. ft. lumber, value $7,612; British barque Inch Keith, for Iquiqui, Chili, with 666,275 ft. of rough and 24,717 ft. of dressed lumber, value $10,945.66. The following exports of lumber are re- ported from St. John, N. B., to the United States: For Boston, by W. H. Murray, 619,- Aprit 29, 1896 600 laths; by L. M. Jewett, 76,457 ft. pine boards, 72,909 ft. spruce boards, 12,250 pieces clapboards, 23,750 cedar shingles, 8,500 laths; by L. M. Jewett, 157,853 sp. ft. plank ; by J. R. McDonough, 430 pes. piling ; by H. W. Rourke, 109,000 ft. boards,” 3,000 laths ; by J. & L. B. Knight, 9,020 ft. pine boards, 58,- 63¢ ft. spruce boards, 44,389 ft. scantling. For City Island, by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 318,000 laths; by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 239,167 deals. For Salem, by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 152,474 sp. ft. plank; by Dunn Bros., 137,- 465 sp. ft. plank, 61,452 sp. ft. deals ; by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 93,683 sp. ft. plank, 86,352 sp. ft. scantling. For New York, by Miller & Woodman, 258,914 ft. deals; by iP H. Scammell & Co., 1,412,000 laths. For Vineyard Haven, by J. R. Warner & me 488,- 500 laths, 29,886 scantling. For Fall river, by Stetson, Cutler & Co., 22,000 deals, 91,400 scantling, 59,000 plank. ——————— , BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHANGES. The sash, door and planing mill factory owned by the late Angus Campbell at Callender, — Ont., is offered for sale, G. R. Archibald, lumber merchant, Lower Stewaicke, N. S., is offering to compromise at 50 cents on the dollar. Liabilities $10,000. Messrs. Donogh & Oliver, wholesale lumber merchants, Toronto and Buffalo, have disposed of their business in the latter city to Arthur — Hill & Co., of Midland, Ont. The sheriff is said to have taken possession of the business assets of A. Ames & Co., lum- ber merchants, East Syracuse, N. Y. It 1s stated that a number of Ontario dealers are in- terested in the estate. ee A planing xnill in Toronto, Ont., owned by the osouts Rubber Co., ancl leased by Cocks- head & Co., was burned last week. Loss $8,000. Telephone 5332 Established 1852 JOHN B. SMITH & SONS, MANUFACTURERS OF LUMBER Lath, Shingles, Doors, Sash, ~ Blinds, Mouldings, Boxes, &c. BILL LUMBER a Specialty Cor. Strachan and Wellington Avenues, TORONTO. nn MILLS Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or an other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN No 8g State St., Bosron, Mass. Inspection at mill. F CONSIGNEES AND SALESMEN OF ALL KINDS OF AMERICAN AND CANADIAN TIMBER. Correspondence invited from shippers of Logs and Timber of every description and manufacture. DENNY, MOTT & DICKSON ™&:.uraprens wuesnen All letters to be addressed to: Chief Office, 165 Fenchurch St. Telegrams: DENNY, Lonpon. (A.B.C. Code, 4th Edition.) LONDON, E. C. (With branches or Agencies at Liverpool, Glasgow, Newcastle on Tyne, Cardiff, &c. (Eng.) and at every important timber consuming or distributing centre in Europe.) Represented by MR. J. E. JANSSON (Manager of Canadian and United States Consignments Department.) American References: Messrs. Baring, McGoun & Co., New York; Bank of British North America, Agency— 52 Wall St., N. Y.; Bank of British North America, Chief Office in Canada—Montreal. Bankers in U. K.: Bank of England, Head Office, Threadneedle St., London ; Royal Bank of Scotland, 123 Bishopgate St. Within, London; Royal Bank of Scotland, Royal Exchange Branch, Glasgow. Boston Lumber Go. Wholesale Dealers in Red Oak, Basswood, Black Ash, Soft Elm, Cedar Shingles, Spruce.... Correspondence Solicited. No. 27 Kilby St., BOSTON, MASS. RONAN LINE $ ConNECTION—Canadian Pacific Railway ; Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh; New York Central & H. R. Rd.; Ronan Line. HUDSON RIVER LUMBER TRANSPORTATION. Water Connection from Albany with lumber points in Canada via Canadian Pacific Railway to New York Harbor, Long Island Sound and inland waters of New Jersey. ..- - Orrices—Lumber District, Albany, N. ¥.; 20 South St., New York. Telephone 711 Broad. PARKER C. RONAN, Manager. - CANADA ATLANTIG RAILWAY - Ottawa, Arnprior & Parry Sound Ru. - - operating - - OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE OTTAWA & BOSTON LUMBER LINE CANADA ATLANTIC FAST FREIGHT LINE R. A. Carter, Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade, Montreal. - Joun Smitu Ontario Agent Union Station, Toronto. Shortest and Quickest Route from OTTAWA, ROCKLAND, HAWKESBURY, ARN- PRIOR and all points on Grand Trunk Ry. TO... BOSTON, PORTLAND, NEW YORK, DETROIT, TONAWANDA, ALBANY, &c., MONTREAL, TORONTO, QUEBEC, HALIFAX, ST. JOHN, &c. Cart. J. H. Wi_tiams, 16 Lumber Dist., Albany, N.Y. C. J. Smirn General Freight Agent, Ottawa, Ont. © (Ottawa & New York Lumber Ling © ~ - + + BONDED LINE BETWEEN - GANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO, WILLIAMS’ LINE. CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. \J H Wi l | iams Agent: 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. NEW YORK OFFICE, 93 Wall Street Telephone 531 Broad. me ay NS APRIL 29, 1896 CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. TIL. CANADIAN EXPORTERS ©” WHOLESALERS Thos. Thos. Meaney & & Co. . London Canadian Chambers 103 Bay St. = ‘Toronto, Ont. LU M B [ ft MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. DONOGH & OLIVER °° °° | umber, Lath ana Shingles -:- BUFFALO: Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Wholesale Dealers in TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. Fruntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : Miasvracturers OF E t t White Pi d Hemlock Bill Stuff. Ha LUMBER W for Sale a Ou Quantity Of aS Mill Stocks and Sidings, ae = a 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 1% in. wide. LATH axo SHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED TH PEMBROKE LUMBER CO.70. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS. OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. PEMBROKE, ONT SS @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills eo Red Pine Dimension Lods, ss 'sst.38 9 feet to suit purchaser, and would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at Spanish River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Rayside, C. P. Will have five to six million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on me at Spanish River. And have about five million feet at mouth French River which could be delivered at opening of navigation . . .....-s BOOTH & GORDON - _ Sudbury, Ont, WM. MASON & SONS... LUMBER )IMENSION TIMBER “A224 ... We have the largest and best equipped Dimension Saw Mill in Eastern Canada. All our machinery is of the latest and most improved pattern, and we are prepared to quote prices on and supply at the shortest notice any orders that may be submitted to us. Address, P. 0. Box 1020, OTTAWA, ONT. KILN-DRIED BIRGH FLOORING S*°EUND | ceiine reer st ee — FOR SALE ]— (== ne —— Manufacturers of...... and Dealers in JAS. G. CANE & CO. wHoLtesaLE HARDWOOD -umper- 35 Adelaide East, Toronto, Ont. Send us full description and lowest price for any lumber you have for sale. eA ee a ye A TR. & Ge: Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER * LATH * SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Sopniies MIDLAND, ONT. BILL TIMBER a Specialty . . THE RBID GO.,, of TORONTO, Ltd. LONG OAK BILLS A SPECIALTY : LU M BE AND RETAIL COAL Ofiice, Gorner King and Berkeley Sts. DOCK, FOOT OF BERKELEY ST. PACIFIC COAST LUMBER CoO. MANUFACTURERS OF ...... British Golumbia Red Gedar Lumber and Shingles Kiln-Dried Bevel Siding, V Siding, Geiling, Wainscotting Door Stock, Base, Gasings, Mouldings, etc. We do accurate work and make reasonably prompt shipments. NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C , B.C. We Start our Mill This Month LET US QUOTE YOU ON SPECIAL BILLS Also three million feet good 4/4 mill eulls, Three million good 6 in., 8 in., 10 in. and 12 in. box, and Three million good 8 in., 10 in. and 12 in. common. All to be sold at hard times prices We can also dress and match your stock in any manner that you may wish, with very little extra charge. WE WANT TO DO YOU GOOD. cEILING $20.00 ~oG~ SAMPLES BY MAIL KNIGHT BROS. Burk’s Falls, Ont. FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x” IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: :::: <( Red Oak, Soft Elm Basswood (all thicknesses) >. Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. = Buffalo, N. Y. POOLE & HOTCHKISS © ° Wholesale Dealers in PINE anno HARDWOOD LUMBER Shingles and Lath 270 West Genesee St., BUFFALO, N. Y. Or -O Correspondence invited. To Saw Mill Owners WANTED FOR GASH: PINE SQUARES, SIDINGS, &¢. rated site OHN ASHWORTH & GO. watearor, wince Sen: cuno WILLIAM B. YOUNG “=~ cast &., WHOLESALE DEALER AND MANUFACTURER ELM, BASSWOOD. BIRCH 4» MAPLE Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. -:- S88 Kent Ave., BROOKLYN, N.Y. Public Lumber Storage Yard, Brooklyn. Write us if you have any. for immediate DRY SOFT EL shipment. SCATCHERD & SON : 1053 Senena Street, BUFFALO, N.Y, Toe Reser @ T, SULLIVAN & CO. ¢ scene AARDWOOD LUMBER Elm and Ash a Specialty Main Office and Yards, Niagara Street, corner Arthur, BUFFALO, N. Y. Branch Yards, Louisana Street. e SHIPMENTS MADE DIRECT FROM MILLS IN CANADA. BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER COMPANY 940 Elk St., BUFFALO, N. Y. 50,000 ft. 2in. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Soft Elm. 100,000 ft. 1% in. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Soft Elm. Are also in the market as CASH BUYERS for other kinds of Hardwoods. 30,000 ft. 2% in. Nos. Land 2 and Common Rock Elm. } WANTED { 100, 7000 fi. Lin. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Rock Elm. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. + ‘ ‘4 aii of ee. Bi Oe lV. DIREGTORY OF ADVERTISERS BELTING McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. oy. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. DRY KILNS me McEachren Heating & Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont. “_ Parmenter, J. S., Woodstock, Ont. INJECTORS “Xe Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. . Hamilton Brass Mfg. Co., Hamilton, Ont. st Stirling, W. H., St. John, N.B. a Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. —- L0G: TRUCKS 7 The Chatham Mfg. Company, Chatham, Ont. __ LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES = Davidson & Hay, Toronto 2 Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. MACHINERY a! Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. = Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., . Darling Bros., Montreal. Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que., ; Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. = Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Kingston, Ont. In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman ” nS Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., ar Small & Fisher, Woodstock, Ont. ' The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. ; The Waterous Co., Brantford. ~ Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. RAILWAYS “hs Flint & Pere Marquecte Railroad. y Ronan Line. SAW MANUFACTURERS 7 Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. / Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. Ottawa Saw Works Co., Ottawa, Ont. os Robertson & Co., James, Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N.B. SPLIT PULLEYS iy. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. Fleming, W. A., Montreal, Toronto and Ottawa. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS ” Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. Poole & Hotchkiss, Buffalo, N. Y. _ Wiggin, H. D., Boston, Mass. im MISCELLANEOUS . Axes, Campbell Bros., St. John, N. B. a ; Alligator Tugs, West & Peachey, Simcoe, Ont. * Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Ont. i Gan. Photo Engraving Bureau, Toronto, Ont. — Cant Dogs, Walter McFarlane, St. Marys, N. B. on Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. i Magnolia Metal Co., New York. P Machine Km ves, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. ’ Metal Roofing, Pedlar Metal Roofing Co., Oshawa, Ont. a. Patent Medicines, Ripan’s Chemical Co., New York, N.Y. > Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. an Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. - WHOLBSALE PRICES GURRBENT. hyo TORONTO, ONT. et Toronto, April 29, 1896. a CAR OR CARGO LOTS. : aA 114, 1% and 2 inch cut up and better. ...s.sccscesesesevoes 33 00 36 00 oH 2 inch picks and uppers....-.--++.- +++ 35 00 37 50 a zx12 dressing and better, 60% 16 ft... . 24 00 26 00 “ rxro fine dressing and better......++..+sseeeeesereeeseeeee 23 00 25 00 a ixzo and 12 Canadian dressing and better........++++-++++ 20 00 22 00 “ x x-2 and thicker cutting up plank........--++++++eeeeeeee 24 00 26 00 Bes 1 1-4 in. cut up and better........0-- +e eeeeer eee se eeeeee es 33 00 3600 . uxro and 12 dressing and better.........+-++eeeeeeeeeeecees, 20 00 22 00 Bets rxro and 12 mill run...... 15. e eee eee cece ee eee eee enees 16 00 18 00 * INTO ANd 12 COMMON... 2. cece cere cece sere sees eeeneeeeees I3 00 I5 00 rxro and 12 mill culls.........- see esse eee ete e eect eee eeee 9 00 10 00 z inch clear and picks......+--+eseeeeeseeceeeeeeeeeeene 28 00 32 00 . 2 x inch dressing and better....... 20 00 22 00 “2 zinch siding mill run........-++++--++++0+- I4 00 15 00 zinch siding COMMON........+++eceeseree reese eteee ree ees II 00 1200 z inch siding ship culle........-.++eseeee eee ceeeee eee e eens Io 50 II 50 z inch siding mill culls......---+++sseeeeeeeeeeeeeee cee e ee 8 50 9 00 Cullscantling......-..---+ essence eee eee rete ents ee nees dase 181004 9, 0G: z inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. millrun..........-. - iehalsacas! Geeta I3 00 14 00 Zinch strips, COMMON....--+-++eeeeeereeeee reer reteee ees II 0O 12 00 x 1-4 inch flooring 16 00 x 1-2 inch flooring... 16 00 im XXX shingles, 16 inch. 2 30 a XX shingles 16inch....... 1 35 : Lath, No. 1...---eeeeee cece reece BG Si 1 60 Lath No. 2...-c.ccceccceccserecerernccccceceewsesccases I 30 HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, xs and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 to2in..$26 00 $28 oo | Cherry 1 tor%4Z$50 00 $60 00 Ke « "2% to 4.. 30 00 32 00 ue 2 ‘*4.. 6000 65 00 Ash, black, 1sts and Elm, soft 1 ‘“‘ 1% 1400 15 00 ands, 1 to 144 in.... 17 00 19 00 BS eee 2 $6308 m5h00) 16,00 Ash, black, rsts and © rock 1x ‘' 14% 1600 18 00 ends,2to4in...... 19 00 2I 00 ce HE 34, ff aes 20.00) 22 00 Ash, M.R.,1 ‘‘ 2.. 15 00 18 00 Hickory 1% “‘ 2.. 28 00 3000 Birch, I 20 00 22 00} Maple x ‘* 1% 1600 17 00 ge 1%“ 2.. 22.00 2400] “ 2, “*4.. 17°00, 18 00 “ sqrs. 4x4 ‘' 8 x824 00 26 00 Oak,red, nz ‘1% 28 00 3000 Basswood 1 ‘‘ 1% 16 00 18 00 sy 2 ‘5 4.. 3000 3200 is i 1% 2...19 00 2000] ‘white “1: ‘1% 2800 3000 > “ mer. xr “ 1% 1400 1600 fe Ea) 4 Ans. 30) OOna SOO Butternut 1 ‘‘ 1% 23.00 25 00 “quart'd 1 ‘* 2.. 46.00 5000 A 2 ‘3.. 25 00 28 00| Walnut zr ‘*3.. 85 00 100 00 ‘ Chestnut 1 ‘‘2.. 24.00 2600} Whitewood1r ‘‘2.. 3200 3600 OTTAWA, ONT. é ‘Orrawa, April 29, 18096. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, LPL isnt Ge OP eee Dee or $30 00 35 00 ine, good strips, ef COMM e SOB aie pereiacardiel sotsisis) a ayes 26 00 30 00 Pine, good shorts, = UP ascot etl SEMIN APPT .- 18 00 25 00 Pine, No. x dressing sidings, per M feet, LESTE ABR oeAnaod I7 00 2000 Pine, ‘ “a strips, as ee Boise SB «octets? 15 00 18 00 Pine, ‘ f shorts, ‘ fe eee anicaiemieias 13,00 1400 Pine, 10 s.c. and better stock, f oF Seo melar gee aor 13 00 16 00 Pine, 8 s.c. “ “ “é ‘ “ aca Pine. ‘sidings aw oe 15 00 ’ Pine, ‘‘ strips ee ia 12 00 Pine, ‘« ‘shorts as 9 00 Pine, box culls ue 1z 00 Pine mill culls 2h 10 00 Lath per M No.1....--+--- nielelr ficlela= RRGr oe) SGRHAe Stes as TOG) «25 3 Lath per MNo,, ...--seeeeereeeeeee Bra he tes Fobertaceaes — ltef Mamie, = = ae Wh 3 . * he EA a it ee a)” = Ores 71 CANADA LUMBER rx1o No, x barn... 18 20 EKIO NG ale. fH) F Fiateares dieverelaselels stsialatelatefer= ianeastinm ie eaeenen 16 18 rx8 &g Nour “ ..... 16 18 ex8 8 ig Noe ck on caite salen yo ee nna Site ee aOt de 15 17 _ QUEBEC, QUE. Quesec, April 29, 1896. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. cts. For interior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured Off.......sseceeeeereeeer sneer seceeeserer neat 16 @ 22 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 20 26 For good and good fairaverage ‘‘ ae se si Mi ae Wego! For superior Be a Ns é Cea Fhe) In shipping order ze ee Hs ve CT foes Waney board, 18tozginch =“ ag a Be MS S56 Aa Waney board, 19 to 21 inch KS ad # Ae AP AB Ne eda RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality. 22 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “ te 30 OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according to average and Qualitys. =a gas.) 'r) a) << 400 ge ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 tosofeet. . 30 32 « fe me “300 35 feet. » 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality . . 22 930) i : A BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality . 5 Lee ; TAMARAC. Square, according to sizeand quality. . . . + +++ + +17 9 Flatted, HS cs DF ee Bott ioe hey EES DEALS. Bright, according to mill specification, $x15 to $123 for rst, $78 to $82 for _ 2nd, and $40 to $43 for 3rd quality. _ Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $40 $43 for xst, $27 to $28 for 2nd, $23 to $25 for 3rd, and $19 to $2x for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau. SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., April 29, 1896. UPPERS AND SELECTS, . Uppers, 1 in., 10 in. and up Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $40 00 WIC: wceaidels ee aieipetsislets 45 0c| 1%, 1% and2in.........-. 4I 00 14%, 1¥yand 2 in.........-- 45 00| 2% and 3 in.......--..++-- 47 00 2% and 3 iM.....++++er sees 53 00 ATi s aetetarsioere joteiaineinlen vain 50 00 A Le sae eoataletalnips tisteivieleln ==) 56 90 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 24 and 3in., Sin. and up wide 42 00 1%, 1% and 2in..........+- 36700 || A dino. eee eaine + = ale isieletslaleiate 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO. I CUTTING. rin., 7in. and up wide...... 23 50| 2% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 37 00 14%, 1% and 2in..........-. BO 00 | 4 Is... se ceee cen eceennne ss) .4G) 00 STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). tf in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00 | 1im., 4,5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 6 in. Wide. ....6-eececceeeees 36 00 | Gin. wide.........-5+++ viaasien G00, FINE COMMON OR C. 1¥/ in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide...... zo 00 | rin., 6 in, wide...........+- 30 00 zin., 4, 5 in, wide. .......-- 25 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 1U{in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 00| 1 in., 4,5, 6 in. wide........ 22 00 NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. rin., 4,5 and 7in .....----- 16 oo | rin., 4,5 and 7in........-.. I5 00 Tin., FIM... eee cess screenees 17 00 | Tin., 6in...-%.. ..-.-s Sate iaia ist 17 00 SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in., ro in, stocks.... 25 00 No. 2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 rin, roin. and up wide... 26 00 tin., ro in. SEOCES areas s 2I 00 tin,, 12 in. stocks...;...-. 29 00 1 in., 12 in. stocks...,..... 24 00 1 in., 12 in, and up wide.... 30 00 zin., ro in. and up wide. -. 23 00 iin. 1¥% and 2in., 8in. and .in., 13 in. and up wide... 25 00 up wide .....--.++++--+- 29 00 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS. No. 1, 12 IM... esc eee e sence 29 00 TO UM. ses ee cee esececeecces 16 50 Gynloaeds 16 00 8 and 7in...... 16 00 No. 2, 12in..... eats sioae 2000 TOMMes see aounea oases ts I4 00 SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. 1in., 4and 5 in. wide......-$ 9 00|1 in., 13 in. and up wide.....$1z 50 rin., 6in, wide.......++++++ 10 00 | 1%, 1% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1 in., 7 in. wide and up...... IO 50 AUP WAGE e/aiteiute ee istateteteiet Ir 50 SHAKY CLEAR. 1in., 3) 4,5) 7, 8 and gin. wide 17 00| 1 in., 10 in. and up wide..... 18 00 rin., 6 in. wide..........+++ 18 oo | 1%, 1% and 2 in., 8in. and up Wider. stems Aan 20 00 COFFIN BOARDS. No. 1, 1 in., 13in. and up.... 20 00 | No. 1, MMLC SS noc ae siels Ser 8 00 INOiains Jesciniciete. on inlalala e's ..- 17 00 | No. 2, or red horse........- > 6 30 BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED. Extra clear (perfect).......-- 23 00 No. x (nearly clear). ...-..-- 2I 50 ‘TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.$ 8 50 Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 18 ft eee FE Ge Phe aie teas Io 50 16 feet......00 . 8 00 Cer nrennacneen ulate « eletstars EK GO) || + 2K eae ciecer see a ee lerstada ators sau 8 50 22 and 24 ft........-..000- 12 50 | Add $1 to each additional aft. in length. SHINGLES, 18-1N. Fancy brands, XXXX......- 3 oo | Standard brands, river made, Clear Butts......-dsseeeeee I go xX : Clear Butts.... WHITE PINE LATH. IN Os Ti cts nia civvelsieinreteeiels insleiateasia T 160)||Niow2nccmiestel Sapoco cainelaeremets) ZO Hemlock on pncesien oa aes I 25 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. Tonawanpa N, Y., April 29, 1896. WHITE PINE. No. 3, 1% to2in... 15 00 17 00 Breatetaca seeeeseesh45 00 47 00 Shelving, No. 1, 13 in 2% and 3 in...... + 50 09 55 00 and up, 1 in...... 30 00o@3I oo 4 IN. ss. see eeseoens 54 00 57 00| Dressing 14 in...... 24 00 25 00 Selects, rin. .....--. 39 00 4000] 1x10 andt...... 26 00 IY to2 In.....++-» 39 00 4200] 14 iM.....eeeeeeee 24 00 25 00 2% and 3 in....... 47 00 5000] 2 IN .....eeeeeseee 25 00 28 00 Ai Miss pote passe mesie 52 00] Mold st’ps,1 to 2in.. 31 00 33 00 Fine common, 1 in... 35 00 37 00| Barn, No. 1, roand 12 1% and 1% Mince 34 00 36 00 idiny feictelpapua nee ratet™ Ig 00 2I 00 2 IM....--s 34 00 3600| 6and 8 in......,.. 18 50 20 00 3 in........ 4500} No.2,1oandi2in. 15 00 16 oo Ae dhe erateletenaleie ape 45 00| No.3, roand 12in. 13 00 14 00 Cut’g up, No. 1,1in. 28 00 3000] 6and8in.......... I2 50 13 50 14% to2 in.......-- 33 00 34 00] Common, rin,....... 15 00 16 00 NOs 2) ORs ees 15 00 1700| 1% andr¥in...... 17,00 18 00 No. 2,1% to2in.. 22 00 2400] 2 iN... .....0. +++ 18 00 20 OC WHITE ASH. rst & end, 1 inch, 32 00 33 00| 24 to4 in......,..+. 28°00 30 00. 1% to2in....+,-= + 33 00 34 00| Strips... 17 00 18 00 MILIS = Sielsns siete siento) MOLCO, ERO SCS fie — MAN WEEKLY EDITION” BLACK AND BROWN ASH. st & 2nd, 8 inch up, 2000 2200 Com. & good culls10 00 12 ; BIRCH. ist & 2nd, 6 inch & ist & and, white, 6in. & up, 18 APD) EG. e\e\aw suave . 2800 3000|Com & good culls..... 10 00 12 00 ~ ELM. ba rst & 2d, rock, 8in. & up, 18 00 22 00 1st & 2d, soft, 8in. & up, 16 oo 18 oo MAPLE. ; rst & 2d, hard, 6in. & up 18 00 20 00 1st & 2d, soft, 6in. & up, 17 0c 19 00 WHITE OAK. rst & 2nd, plain, Clear squares, 5x5 ’ >> Bin. &up......+22+ 26.00 28 OC] to EXB......++-ss0e 35 00 Good common 17 00 | 1st & 2nd quartered, er: Good culls..... ..+.. 10 00 12 00 if} Ups. ..-22<=. 145, Coe Common quartered... 25 00 30. RED OAK. 1st & and ase Dees 25 00 27 0)| Quartered rst &2nd.. 42 00 Commonicn: ss seer 14,00 16 00 MMMLOM «0 ss o's wo vim, SE OOM Cull iv. ste sepa b rire 9 00 10 00 NEW YORK CITY. : New York, N. Y., April 29, 12 : ‘en WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of rendering it useless to give prices for local market. . WHITE PINE TIMBER. Bridge timber....... $28 00 @ 49 00 | Building orders.....$27 00 Decking... ....5.5. 44.00 5090 ; b SPRUCE. a Oikaigutie ee attenuata +. T4 00° 14 50 | 10, to 125M... 2. ses FO Ooms Went oe eines 14 §0 35°75'| Lath 2-2) o-wke ke ere QitOE2 Wes den npeesues 1575 16 25 ; : HARDWOOD. 4/4 and thicker, No. 1 and 2 Black Ash, 10 to 16..... : cp Lp Soft Elm, cue 4 A Hard Maple, ‘‘ ef ef ee Basswood S ‘8 . « Baek, “ee we “© Black Ash, Com. and Shipping Cull, } “cc a3 Soft Elm a ce - “ “ Hard Ma le, ** < “ 3 its “ “ Fcenbet 7 66 “ ce “ “ Birch, a “es “ mr 5 ALBANY, N.Y. Aupany, N. Y¥., Uppers, 3 in. up..... .---++ $50 $52 Bae TEL Soeata lalate nares degie 50 52 | West India shi board FitO 2iDs onsale isestes 45 48'| Box boards s\cmaeemneanm es Uppers sce ene eens 50 52 | x0-in. dressin b elects, 24% in. up.....-...- 42 44 | ro-in. common...... HitO Pant. spelen abate res 38 42 | x12-in. dressing and Fine common, 2% in. andup 40 42 | Common, 1x12 ...... -- Tito sue eeeie ee . 36 40| No. x barn, rx12......+ Ne. 1 cut, 1 to 2 inc . 25 35 IRIO). oss cea ie NOs 23 op sicmme bls yee eae NOs gee acietes stn amine a aR ERP No. x molding, 1 to2in..... 33 36 No. 2 molding, 1 to 2in..... 25 .28 Stained saps J... «+ a0/sus Sires 20 Bracket plank ....... © Aactes SOW ye Shelving boards, 12-in. up .. 30 32 ~ LATH. Pine 54.2 .0de nee sate aha $2 25 | Spruce ........... INGLES. ‘ ; Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30| Bound butts, 6x 18 Cleaributts:. Jc .<0 ia . 3.25 3 35| Hemlock........ Smooth, 6x18....... § 40 5 50| Spruce-..e.s--. OSWEGO, N.Y. — ' OUsweco, N. Y. or % % and 2i Ee PINE. . / ree uppers, I I and 2 inch.... . Pickings, hyo cours No. 1, cutting up, “‘ f nee Ee No. 2, cutting up, | AS | See stele fe In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding trips, 14 SIDING. rin siding, cutting up ticks and uppers... rin dressing.... I9 00 21 00 rin No. 1 culls...... 14 00 15 00 rin No. 2 culls...... 13 00 14 00 32 00@39 00 1X12 INCH. x2 and 16 feet, mill run........------- pam 12 and 16 feet, No. x and 2, barn boards.... 12 and 26 feet, dressing and better..........- 12 and 16 feet, No. 2 culls..........+++-- saecenececeenee 14x10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$22 00o@25 00 | No. rCullsin.. dnenmeehe Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00 No: 2cullsv. sc. aee 1X4 INCHES. 21 oo | No. rculls... Mill run, mill culls out 17 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 1X5 INCHES. i ve 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill 6, 7 or 8, No. culls. culls out......... 20 00 25 00| 6, 7 or 8, No.2¢ 6, 7 or 8, drsg and s etter ......ee0+4 25 00 30 00 < “* ,. ‘ BOSTON, MASS. wo Boston, Apri EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. 4 Ordinary planed % inch.......- boards .......... $11 50 1200 TE-16 WICH. ~ «qc ee Coarse No. 5....... 15 00 15 50 HYeinch....... See Refuse....... sesees 1300 13 25| Clapboards, sapext.. 45 Quts;.- ees. Arian oe 9 00 Sap clear. (scscc55 eel Boxboards,1 inch... 10 75 11 00 Jinch........+» 975 10 00 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Uppers, 1 in......-- $50 00@52 oo 14%, 1% and 2 in.. 52 00 53 90 gand 4in......+6+ . 58 00 62 00 Selects, 1 in.......-+ 44 00 45 00 14%, 1% and 2 in.. 45 00 47 00 No. 2... 3and 4 in......... 52 90 55 00 Non Sines Moulding boards, 8 to Cut wps, 010 See ees rz in. clear...... 37 00 39 00 | Cut ups, 1% to2in.. 24 0 60 per cent. clear... 32 00 34 00 | Coffin boards... .<.56 26 Fine common, 1in.... 40 00 41 oo | Common all widths... 22 14%, 1% and 2in... 40 00 41 00 Shipping culls, xin... 1 do 1% in. raed SHINGLES. ae yayditecis es) Geenae SOreeG i 30 1 50| Second Clear.........- T7975 Cedar, extra.........-- 26 2 90| Extra No.t...... cin aa ope Clears ie. JLAneR paren 225 250 4 HEMLOCK. : Boards, rough........ 11 oo@11 4 NO, 25000. de dela) COO ED Plamed tcic.1 cs.cers ses IGS 22/00 * LATH. see Spruce......5+..- | Bycargo; .cn~25snee IByiGAar nd scien)= seeee 1 80@ Zz 00] - ~ . Ay i vey May, 1896 THE LATE MR. JOHN GOLDIE. AFTER an illness of lengthy duration the grim hand or death has removed one of the most prominent manufac- turers of the Dominion, in the person of Mr. John Goldie, of the Goldie & McCulloch Company, of Galt. His death occurred at his home in that city on the 26th of March. For some weeks his life had been dispaired of, but his splendid vitality, notwithstanding his advanced age, en- abled him to offer strong resistance to the ravages of disease. The late Mr. Goldie was a well-known, honorable and highly respected citizen, and to him is due a large portion of the prosperity enjoyed by the town in which he lived. ‘Always having taken an active interest in all matters tend- ing to promote the welfare of the community, his valuable counsel and assistance will be greatly missed. He was a man of sterling qualities, firm, but not obstinate in his convictions, energetic and reliable in all his business deal- ings. He was a Liberal in politics, but has never sought any public favors. In religion he was a Presbyterian. Mr. Goldie was a native of Scotland, having been born near the town of Ayr, on the banks of Doon, Ayrshire, in 1822. The subject of our sketch received only a meagre educational training at the school in Kilroy, a small village near his home. When quite young he was apprenticed to learn the millwright’s trade. He came to America in 1844 and settled at Greenfield, near Ayr, obtaining em- ployment for over a year with Mr. Geo. Baird, a well known contractor of Blanford township. He afterwards spent eighteen months in Montreal, and was then engaged as millwright by the late Jas. Crombie, of Galt. Subse- quently he went into partnership ina saw mill in Esquesing township, remaining in the business several years. In 1859 he returned to Galt, when he and Mr. Hugh McCul- loch formed a partnership and bought out the foundry business of Jas. Crombie. At that time twenty-two hands were employed. The business steadily grew, and nearly every year the manufacture of new lines of machinery was commenced. From their factory many skillful mechanics were sent out, who have since given proof of their excel- lent training. In 1891, the business had grown to such an extent that it was deemed advisable to turn it into a joint stock company, which was done under a Dominion charter, with a capital stock of $700,000. The original shareholders were John Goldie, Hugh McCulloch, David Goldie, Hugh McCulloch, jr., and R. O. McCulloch. Since then Mr. A. R. Goldie and other members of the two families have been taken in. At the-present time the name of the company is known throughout the Dominion as progressive and reliable manufacturers of safes, engines, boilers, mill machinery, etc. PRESERVING THE FORESTS IN QUEBEC. TIMBER limit owners in the territory covering twenty thousand square miles, under the supervision of Mr. Mc- Grady, Crown timber agent, in Hull, have reported to the Quebec Government upon the extent and nature of their operations, and their views with regard to what steps should be taken to provide for the preservation of the forest. They have reported individually, but an idea of the general information given has been obtained. In their reports they stated the average size of the timber cut to be 100 feet to the log, or a log twelve feet long and fifteen inches in diameter. It was reported that the aver- _age size was decreasing, in consequence of the large trees being gradually cut away. As to the preservation of forests, the limit owners are almost unanimous in the opinion that the means adopted, that is, the employment of forest rangers and fire inspectors, was the only prac- tical one. This was evident from the fact that the dis- trict was becoming freer from fires each year. the past season not one fire was reported. During ONTARIO CROWN TIMBER ACT. Tue following amendments to the Act respect- ing timber on public lands were passed by the Ontario Legislature at the recent session : 1. The following sub-section is hereby substituted for sub-section 1 of section 11 of the Act respecting Timber on Public Lands :— ; (1) All timber cut under licenses shall be liable for the payment of the Crown dues thereon, with interest thereon and expenses, so long as and wheresoever the timber or any part of it, may be found in Ontario, whether in the a ae ee THE CANADA LUMBERMAN — 11 original logs or manufactured into deals, boards or other stuff; and when any license holder is in default for, or has evaded the payment of dues to the Crown on any part of his timber or saw logs, such dues, interest and expenses may be levied on any other timber or saw logs, or their manufactured product, belonging to such default- er, cut under license, together with the dues thereon, and interest and expenses incurred ; and all officers or agents entrusted with the collection of such dues, may follow all timber, and seize and detain the same wherever it is found untll the dues, interest and expenses are paid or secured. 2. The following sub-section is hereby substituted for sub-section 2 of section 14 of the said Act. (2) When the timber or saw logs made has or have been removed by any person out of the reach of the officers of the Crown Lands Department, or it is other- wise found impossible to seize the same, such person shall, in addition to the loss of his labour and disburse- ments, forfeit a sum of $3 for each tree other than pine and $10 for each pine tree which he is proved to have cut or caused to be cut and carried away, and in addition the full value of the timber or logs so cut or caused to be cut and carried away. 3. Section 20 of the said Act is repealed and the follow- ing substituted therefor : : 20.—(1) The alleged owner or claimant of the timber seized may, upon at least four days’ notice to the Com- missioner of Crown Lands, apply to the judge of the county or district court, or in the Rainy River District to the stipendiary magistrate, for an order for the delivery of the timber to the alleged owner or claimant, and the judge or stipendiary may, on receiving security by bond — of the alleged owner or claimant, with two good and sufficient sureties, to be approved by the Commissioner o1 Crown Lands, or by the agent, in such sum as shall also be approved by the Commissioner of Crown Lands, or by the agent, in such sum as shall also be approved by the Commissioner or agent to pay double the value of the timber in case of condemnation, direct the delivery of such timber to such alleged owner or claimant. (2) The bond shall be taken in the name of the Com- missioner of Crown Lands to Her Majesty’s use, and shall be delivered to and be kept by the Commissioner. (3) The judge or stipendiary magistrate may, upon the application of either party, at a time and place to be fixed by him, of which the other party shall have at least seven days’ notice, try and determine such seizure, and whether the same was justifiable or otherwise, and shall either condemn the timber or order it to be released. (4) If the seized timber is condemned as having been cut in trespass or without authority, the same shall be again delivered up to the Commissioner or to | the officer or agent of the Department of Crown Lands, and the Commissioner may again take possession thereof and sell and dispose of the same and apply the proceeds thereof to the use of the Crown, or may allow the claimant or alleged owner to have and take the same, upon the payment of such sum, for the use of the Crown as the Commissioner shall fix and determine. And if the seized timber is condemned for non-payment of the Crown dues, then upon payment to the Com- missioner of Crown Lands by the claimant or alleged owner of the unpaid dues with interest thereon and costs and expenses incurred by the Commissioner, the timber may be sur- rendered to the claimant or alleged owner, and the bond may be cancelled. Otherwise the penalty of the bond shall be enforced and recovered. 4. The following is hereby added to section 22 of the said Act :-— 22. Any agreement which may be or which has hereto- fore been entered into, by her Majesty or by the Com- missioner of Crown Lands, with any person for the supply of wood or timber, to be used in the manufacture of pulp or similar material, to be taken from the lands of the Crown, shall not prevent Her Majesty or the Commis- sioner of Crown Lands from selling, leasing, granting or otherwise disposing of any of the wood or timber of the Crown not specifically sold to or allotted to such person, or from issuing licenses or permits to other persons to cut and take any wood or timber not specifically sold or allotted as aforesaid, or from selling, leasing, granting or otherwise disposing of any of the lands of the Crown, whether such lands are included in such allotments or agreements or licenses issued in pursuance of them or not; and other agreements may be made with any other persons to cut and take wood or timber from the lands of the Crown for making pulp or for similar or other pur- poses, without rendering Her Majesty or the said Com missioner of Crown Lands liable in damages in case of the exhaustion of the supply of such wood or timber, or of the inability of any person with whom a prior agree- ment was made to obtain a sufficient supply thereof dur- ing the whole period for which the agreement is to run, or during which the supply of wood or timber is contem- plated by any such agreement, unless in respect of any quantity specifically sold to or actually allotted, or the wood and timber upon specified lands actually allotted, or agreed to be allotted to or for such person, and no claim or demand against Her Majesty or said Commissioner shall be made or maintained through or by reason of such sale or other disposition as aforesaid. No such agree- ment as aforesaid shall extend or run beyond the period of twenty-one years from its date. 5. The Lieutenant-Governor may by special commis- sion appoint any duly appointed Crown timber agent or wood or fire ranger, a justice of the peace for a tempor- ary or limited period, for the purpose of taking cogniz- ance of offences under the Act to preserve the forests from destruction by fire; and such person so appointed by commission shall, during the time named therein, have all the powers, rights and privileges for the purpose of enforcing the said Act, or of inflicting fines, penalties or imprisonment thereunder and otherwise of a justice of the peace, and such person so appointed as aforesaid may, by writing, under his hand, appoint any person a constable for a temporary or limited period, for the purpose of the said Act, and he shall have all the powers, rights and privileges for the purposes aforesaid of a constable under the Act respecting constables. A LOGGING_RAILWAY. Tue use of railways in connection_with logging operations is somewhat limited, partly owing to the large cost of construction. One of the cheapest roadbeds is that of the pole road, which The accompanying illustration shows the trial trip on a road in Nova Scotia. Construction costs from $75 to $250 per mile. No cross ties are required, there being no lateral The poles are about 9 inches in dia- A socket in the larger of another pole to has been adopted in many logging regions. pressure. meter at the smaller end. end permits the smaller end INITIAL TRIP OF POLE ROAD IN NOVA SCOTIA. rest in it. Curves are constructed of short poles, the joints being opposite. The cars and locomo- tives are supplied with wide-tired grooved wheels. Where there is a grade it is customary to place the locomotive in the middle of the train, so it can leave half its train of six cars,’ if necessary, and push the other three to the summit, returning for the remaining three. Bangor, Boston and St. John capitalists have subscribed a large sum of money for building a steam band saw mill at Ashland, N. B. The promoters are negotiating for the purchase of timber lands, and propose to build a mill with a capacity of sixty million feet a year. Nearly all the logs heretofore cut on the Aroostock river have been driven to St. John, 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular Correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] THE past winter has been very favorable for operations in the woods in the Ottawa valley, and the log output has been of an average size. Preparations are being made for river driving, and the mills are resuming operations. In none of the mills have any important improvements been made this spring. The wages of mill men will be about the same as last year, and the shorter hour system will again be followed, the proprietors realizing that they lose very little thereby. The extensive timber limits of Bryson & Fraser on the Coulonge will be offered for sale by public competition in June next. The limits are valued at upwards of $300,000, and are being sold to liquidate the estate of the late John Bryson, and in order that Mr. Alex. Fraser may realize on his share of the lands. est, and is also a creditor of the estate for $120,000. sale will, no doubt, attract considerable attention. Mr. Fraser owns a half inter- The The experiment by Mr. J. R. Booth of sawing in winter has proved successful, and will, in all probability, be carried on next winter. A number of special cars will be constructed for freighting the logs to better advantage. Mr. Booth states definitely that he has no intention of accepting the Conservative nomination for the city for the Dominion House. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. The sawdust of mills is being utilized by the E. B. Eddy Co. for fuel at their sulphate mill. Mr. George H. Perley, late of Perley & Pattee, is getting out a small raft of waney timber on the Rouge river. Gilmour & Hughson will not run their mill at Chelsea, Que., this season, but will do all cutting at their mill on the Ottawa river. It may be the middle of May before opening, as they have so few logs down. All booms and bridges on the Bonnechere river have been swept away by the floods, and in consequence no logs will come down that river this season. The Mada- waska river is a raging torrent, such as has not been seen for years. Messrs. McLachlan Bros., Arnprior, are ready to open as soon as the waters will subside sufficiently to allow them. They have completed their new incinerator, which is 160 feet high and cost $6,000. Ortawa, Ont., April 25, 1896. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular Correspondence CANADA LUMBERMAN.] ST. JOHN RIVER LOG DRIVING COMPANY. THE annual meeting of the St. John River Log Driving Company was held at Fredericton, N. B., on the rst of April. Among those present were Messrs. W. H. Mur- ray, W. C. Purvis, Henry Hilyard, C. F. Woodman, J. F. Gregory, St. John; W. H. Cunliffe, R. F. Mallet, Fort Kent ; J. E. McCollum, D. H. Nixon, G. R. Burtt, Hart- land; Fred H. Hale, Woodstock ; Archie Hale, River du Chute; R. A. Estey, J. A. Morrison, Fredericton; A. J. Beveridge, Andover; Fred. Moore, G. B. Dunn, and others. Mr. W. H. Murray occupied the chair, and Mr. J. F. Gregory acted as secretary. After routine business had been transacted, Messrs. W. H. Murray, Fred H. Hale, John A. Morrison, R. A. Mallet and D. H. Nixon were chosen directors for the ensuing year. The manner in which Frederick Moore & Sons carried out their driving contract last season was discussed, and a court of arbitration was appointed to decide the amount of damage the log owners are entitled to receive. It is understood the claims will reach nearly $135,000, but from this amount will be deducted the value of the logs acquired after having passed the corporation limits. Steps will be taken to have the river more carefully looked after than heretofore. The log owners vhis season are to be taxed only for the actual cost of driving. The finances of the company were reported to be in a satisfac- tory condition. MILL IMPROVEMENTS. During the past winter considerable improvements have been made to the mills in the vicinity of St. John, rendered necessary in order to reduce the cost of manufacture and meet competition. The Hilyard mill has been improved to the extent of $4,000, which includes a modern set of boilers. The sum of $2,500 has been spent on Charles Warner's mill. The new Cushing mill will have, when com- pleted, two band saws and a Wickstock gang, the first in- troduced in St. John. This mill will have a daily capacity of about 140,000 feet, and is modern in every detail. George Barnhill has placed a new pattern edger in his mill, and Mr. Murray has added a planer and a nail-keg stave machine. Patent beds and haul-ups have been placed in the Jordan mill, the King mill and the Miller shingle mill. At Stetson, Cutler & Co.'s mill at Indiantown improved furnaces have been built. BITS OF LUMBER. George D. Prescott is fitting up his saw mill at West River. New machinery has been placed in Crockett & Barn- hill’s mill on the St. John river. The Kerr mill, between Chatham and Newcastle, will be operated this season by L. Doyle, who will saw Walsh's cut of logs. Stetson, Cutler & Co., of St. John and Boston, will handle the lumber cut of Donald Fraser & Sons and R. A. Estey, of Fredericton. The prospects for river driving are considered good, and lumbermen anticipate no difficulty in bringing down the crop of logs which has been taken out. Electric light is being placed in a number of the pro- vincial mills, among which are those of J. B. Snowball, Chatham, and Ernest Hutchinson, Douglastown. A movement has been commenced by the Board of Trade to secure the shipment of lumber from Ottawa to South America via St. John. It has been pointed out that the present harbor facilities are inadequate, but steps will be taken at once looking to the extension of the harbor, and it is hoped to secure a portion of this trade at no dis- tant date. The second annual meeting of the Tobique River Log Driving Co. was held at Andover a couple of weeks ago. The following directors were elected: A. J. Beveridge, R. A. Estey, Archie Fraser, Geo. A. Murchie, Geo. W. Upham. Ata meeting of the directors A. J. Beveridge was elected president, and J. C. Hartley secretary- treasurer. St. Joun, N.B., April 24, 1896. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. (Regular Correspondence CanADA LUMBERMAN.] Your correspondent learns that the various mills in this province have a good quota of orders in store, and the opinion is expressed that lumbering on the coast is on the eve of a healthy revival. There is a scarcity of flat cars for eastern shipments, and scows are also in demand for transhipping to various points along the river. The Pacific Coast Lumber Co. and the Brunette Saw Mill Co. are making large shipments east, while also supply- ing no small quantity for the foreign market. The Royal City Mills present a scene of activity, and are shipping largely to the Northwest. I hear few encouraging remarks with respect to shingles, although it is believed by some that the trade will experi- ence an improvement of the slow but sure character. The price at the present time is so low that little manu- facturing is being done. The Central Lumber Co., which includes all the ship- ping mills on the coast excepting the Chemainus mill, 1s making its influence felt, and is recognized as a strong organization. The price of lumber has been advanced by 50 cents per thousand, and it is the purpose to establish a still higher standard when the opportune time arrives. A select committee appointed by the government to in- quire into the working of the provincial log scaling act of 1895, have presented a report, in which it is stated that the system, which has been in force on Vancouver Island for eight months, has given general satisfaction. Among other things it is recommended that a scale be adopted which would give the solid contents of a log, and that some more efficient check be put on the distinction between dutiable and non-dutiable logs. The enforcement of the act is strongly urged, and that in every case where the scaling is done by a government scaler, he be required to give a copy of the scale to both buyer and seller. COAST CHIPS. R. D. Mather is operating a saw mill at Fort Steele. C. K. Simpson proposes erecting a saw mill at Midway. G. Lovatt, saw mill, Kaslo, is contemplating removing to Ainsworth. way Ee May, 1896 Thirteen vessels are loading lumber at British Columbia ports for foreign shipment. The Shawingan Lumber Co. has taken over the business at Wellington formerly carried on by D. Nicholson. Grant & Mounce, saw mills, Union, have put in a band saw with all latest improvements, adapted for both light and heavy work. An English syndicate which recently purchased yellow cypress timber on the coast some 200 miles from Van- couver, will erect a mill this summer. The mill of the Victoria Lumber Co. at Chemainus commenced operations about the 1st of April, employing — about seventy hands. Shipments of lumber have been made to China and other foreign countries, and the pro- moters anticipate a fair season’s trade. New WESTMINSTER, B. C., April 22, 1896. MICHIGAN LETTER. (Regular correspondence CANADA LuMBERMAN.] A LARGE number of the mills have resumed operations, and many of them are running day and night. tions promise to be quite brisk this season, notwithstand- ing the fact that trade is slow at the present time. The ice in the Saginaw river has moved out, and Lake Huron will now permit of the passage of vessels. The docks are crowded with lumber, and some anxiety exists less difficulty is experienced in clearing them in time for the new output. The log drive on the Muskegon river is to be handled this year by the Log Owners Boom Company, which was recently chartered for twelve years. There will be about 30,000,000 feet of logs handled, besides quantities of cedar products. In ten years the Michigan Central Railroad transported 1,721,774,149 feet of logs to saw mills on the Saginaw river and elsewhere. The business has been gradually declining, and a careful estimate for the present year places the amount to be hauled at 100,000,000 feet, which is possibly a large estimate. SELECTS. Gilchrist’s mill at Alpena is cutting 25,000 feet of maple flooring per day. Seven saw mills and six shingle mills will be operated at Alpena this summer. George A. Mitchell, a prominent lumberman of Sagi- naw who has been engaged in business there since 1865, is dead. Fletcher & Sons, of Alpena, are considering the erec- tion of a mill to manufacture paper from the wood pulp produced at their mill. John Canfield, a wealthy lumberman of Muskegon, Mich., has been sued for $300,000 by E. A. Shores, of Ashland, Wis., for commissions which the latter claims were promised him. Labor Commissioner Morse will this year make an estimate of the amount of forest timber remaining in Michigan. If properly compiled, the information should be valuable to lumbermen. The Alpena Lumber and Veneer Co. has been organ- ized at Alpena, and has purchased the Island mill from the Minor Lumber Co. All kinds of lumber will be cut, but hardwood and veneering will be specialties. _ Jonathan Boyce, of Bay City, is said to have sufficient | Opera-- timber to keep his mill running for ten or fifteen years ~ yet. He has 200,0@0,000 feet of standing timber on the line of the Michigan Central road, north of Bay City. SaGInAW, Mich., April 25, 1896. A GOOD INVESTMENT. Mr. Richard Lockhart, of Riversdale, Ont., in renew- ing his subscription to THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, writes : “] would not do without your paper for $5.00 per year. ANOTHER GOOD OPINION OF “’THE LUMBERMAN.” Mr. W. W. Carter, of Fesserton, Ont., in renewing his subscription to this journal, writes: ‘‘I am always glad to contribute my subscription to your valuable paper, as you are deserving of the support of all lumbermen for the energy and push you have put into your weekly for the past year, and for keeping the lumbermen so well posted on all matters of interest to them.” ae — | * % MAy, 1896 He CAMADA LUMBERMAN i THE NEWS. —A new engine will be placed in the saw-mill at Lanark, Ont. —Ainsworth Bros. have their saw mill at Brechin, Ont., in operation. A saw-mill will be erected on the Island of Anticosti by Mr. Mernier. —Charles Miller has placed a new band saw in his mill at Pokiok, N. B. : —-Francis Rousseau, Somerset, Que., will rebuild his saw mill burned recently. —Joseph Genelle, of the Kault saw mill, has opened a lumber yard at Kamloops, B. C. —Hughes & Co., lumber dealers, Brandon, Man., intend putting in a planing mill outfit. —Over 3,000 logs were handled in the Jennings saw mill at Fenwick, Ont., the past winter. —A new steam planing mill is being erected at St. Catharines, Ont., by C. H. Leicester. —The five mills of the Ontario and Western Lumber Co. will commence sawing early in May. —The Port Arthur Pulp & Manufacturing Co., Port Arthur, Ont., is applying for incorporation. —The old Phelps mill at St. Catharines, Ont., is being fitted up by George Wilson as a planing mill. —The Collins Inlet Lumber Co., of Little Current, Ont., will, it is said, remove their sawmills to Killarney. —The saw-mill at Westholme, B. C., owned by Frank Lloyd, has resumed operations. Mr. Lloyd is doing a suc- cessful business, his lumber meeting with a ready sale. —McLachlin Bros., of Arnprior, Ont., are having their large refuse burner re-built on a larger and better plan. It will be about 100 feet in circumference and 200 feet high. —The North American Bent Chair Co., of Owen Sound, Ont., have secured a large stock of hardwood logs. —-The Sault Ste. Marie Tug Company has been incor- porated, to carry on a general towing and wrecking busi- ness. —The Rathbun Company have commenced sawing at their mill at Deseronto, Ont. Robert Farrell is foreman of the mill. —lIt is reported that the Whitney Lumber Co. will prob- ably erect another mill on the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway. —Hogan Bros., of Fort William, Ont., will shortly erect a planing mill, to be fitted up with the latest and most improved machinery. —Prospects are encouraging for a pulp mill at Richi- bucto, N. B. If $40,000 can be secured the work will be proceeded with at once. ; —The manufacture of fine mantels for the decoration of fire-places has been commenced at Harrison’s saw and planing mills, Owen Sound, Ont. —Graham, Horne & Co., of Fort William, Ont., are preparing for a good season’s business. Their mills will run night and day during the summer. —At Walker's camp, Medora township, a load of saw- logs numbering 150 and measuring over 5,300 feet was drawn half a mile by a span of horses. —J. O'Donnell, of Bobcaygeon, has taken out 100,000 feet of hemlock for the Rathbun Co., to be used in the construction of the Trent Valley canal. —The Eyre Manufacturing Co., Lyn, Ont., has closed operations. They manufactured woodenware, but found overproduction in the Canadian market. —M. Doody, timber merchant, of Cobourg, loaded four carloads of Quebec timber at Kinmount in three hours, only four men and a team of horses being employed. —Ritchie Bros., of Aylmer, will operate the Cormier saw mill during the coming summer. They have taken out a large number of logs in the township of Eardley. —Clarke, Skilling & Co. have two mills running near Newcastle, N.B., and James Aiton also has two mills, one at Grand Down and another at Bartibogue, all cutting timber for spools. —A lumberman named William Payne returned to Peterboro’ from the camp with a substantial wad. He got in with some friends and had a good time, but next morning found himself minus $55. ~ —Smith Bros., of Fort Lawrence, N. S., have finished sawing for J. E. McAulay at Stewarton, after having cut nearly one million feet. They have one of the best portable mills in the province. : —Crown Timber Agent MacGrady has been informed by the Crown Lands Department, Quebec, that a dis- count of 33% per cent. will be allowed on all arrears of dues paid before a specified date. —T. Sheehan, manager for the Moore Lumber Co., is moving his plant to Trout Creek, Ont., and will commence operations on the company’s limit in the township of Bal- lantine, some six miles east of that town. —The Muskoka Rivers Improvement Co., with a capital of $8,000, has been granted incorporation to improve navigation on the Muskoka, Ox Tongue, Hollow and Musquosh rivers and their tributaries. —J. B. Smith & Sons have their new mill at Callender, Ont., in running order. It replaces the one burned last fall, and is fitted with the latest and most improved ma- chinery. It will cut 80,000 feet per day. —Mr. Chas. B. Williams, late of Ontario St., Toronto, has leased the Fletcher mill property at 552 Yonge street, and is carrying on a planing mill and retail lumber busi- ness. A satisfactory trade is being done. —The Kensington Furniture Co. has been organized at Goderich, Ont., to manufacture furniture. They will erect factory buildings and put in the latest and most improved machinery. Mr. William Hinton is manager. —A company has been formed in Annapolis, N.'S., to engage in the wholesale manufacture of hardwood barrels for apple and fish packing. A site has been selected on Lequille river, and special machinery will be purchased. —Davey & Son, Irondale, Ont., are rebuilding their saw mill destroyed by fire last fall. The mill proper will be 30 x 70 ft. in size, while the power house and shingle mill machinery will be located in an extension 24 x 70 ft. —Andrew Miller, Elora road north, near Paisley, Ont., felled a giant elm tree which cut three logs 10 feet in length, and two logs 12 feet in length. 2,582 feet of lumber. tree 6% cords of wood. These measured There was also cut from the same —The Gilmour Lumber Co. are building their new mill on Canoe Lake, Ont., and it is expected that one band saw will be running by the first of August. The main building will be 180 x 65 ft., and it will have an annual capacity of 50,000,000 feet of lumber. —The leased limits in British Columbia run 20,000 feet to the acre, and there are 524,573 acres leased. In 1894 the total lumber cut was 67,499,277 feet. The province has an area of 382,300 square miles, and 74 per cent. of this is covered thickly with timber. —Hon. Mr. Stratton’s bill before the Ontario Legisla- ture respecting mill dams was withdrawn, it being de- cided that the Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council may instead issue an order-in-Council whenever it is thought necessary to alter the width of mill-dams. —The export of pulp wood is growing to be an import- ant industry in Nova Scotia. The Morgan Falls Pulp Co., of Queens County, have shipped during the past four months ten vessel loads of pulp to the American market, aggregating 1497 tons. —Mr. Wm. Margach, Ontario crown timber agent, re- turned recently from a tour of inspection on the Racing river. He reports that lumbering is being successfully prosecuted, and some fine white pine and a large num- ber of railway ties are being taken out. —The vessels of the Collins’ Bay Rafting and Forward- ing Company will all be engaged in the timber business until the end of August, principally from Lake Superior and Georgian Bay ports to Collins’ Bay, from whence they raft the timber and forward to Quebec. —Munro & Gordon, of Sudbury, finished hauling their winter's cut of logs some time ago. feet have been taken out. The work was done under the supervision of John Fitzhenry, of Pembroke, and is con- sidered the biggest winter's work ever done in one shanty on the Spanish River. Over eleven million —The municipal council of Sturgeon Falls, Ont., has agreed to bonus the Sturgeon Falls Pulp Co. to the extent of $7,000, providing the company erect and equip a mill costing about $29,000 and employing from 30 to 4o hands. The Ontario government have granted the company a permit to cut spruce on the Sturgeon river and its tribu- taries. Mr. Heath, of Huntsville, is interested. —Thomas Crockett, of River du Loup; Thos. Clair, of Clair, Madawaska ; Edward Desbarats Boswell, of River du Loup; Geo. Edward Barnhill, of St. John, and Thos. Malcolm, of Edmundston, have been incorporated as the Kenny Island Mill Co., Ltd., to manufacture lumber. The capital stock of the company will be $5,000. —The Ontario Legislature has approved of an agreement between the crown and George Clovet and James Whalen, of Port Arthur, and Thomas Bray, of Wolseley, pulp wood manufacturers, giving the latter certain timber limit privileges on the shore of Lake Superior, the privi- leges to extend over twenty-one years, on condition they employ 100 men for the first three years and 200 men thereafter. —A Shubenacadie, N. S., correspondent complains of unsatisfactory freight rates charged on car loads of lumber going to Halifax. Charges varying from $8 to $15 per car are made, with the same amount of lumber on each Not long since a car load of pine was shipped, and when it reached Halifax it is said to have been charged as hardwood. These conditions, it is claimed, result from car. the employment of incompetent persons. —At Bishop’s camp, near Sudbury, Ont., there was an exhibition of heavy loads of logs. The competitors, with the amounts of their loads, were as follows: Philip Heral, Newmarket, 49 logs, measuring 14,012 feet ; Wm. Jones, Little Current, 38 logs, 14,024 feet; P. McDonald, Beaver- ton, 47 logs, 14,052 feet; Charles Clarke, Penetanguishene, 47 logs, 14,048 feet ; C. Reardon, Barrie, 82 logs, 14,091 feet; P. Wynhe, Penetanguishene, 52 logs, 14,038 feet ; Edward Anderson, Midland, 58 logs, 14,068 feet. —Kelly Bros., River Hebert, N. S., inform us that in cutting down trees they have dispensed with the axe en- tirely and use only the saw. By means of this, from a foot to twenty inches of the finest part of the log is saved, and in the mill there is considerable time saved, as the saw begins work at once instead of having to cut through the useless scarf first. down with a saw as quickly as with an axe, and by less expensive hands. It is calculated that by using a saw a hundred thousand feet of lumber is saved in every million, and that with their cut this winter of three million they will save three hundred thousand feet. As for time, a tree can be cut CASUALTIES. —At John McMillan’s saw mill at Blyth, Ont., the son of the proprietor had his arm torn from wrist to elbow by coming in contact with the saw. —wWhile cutting timber near East Selkirk, Man., Jonas Oddson was seriously injured by; the falling of a tree. Both jaws were broken and the face terribly lacerated. —Robert McDonald, employed as foreman over a lift- ing gang at Graham, Horne & Co.’s camp near Fort William, Ont., was killed recently by a log rolling upon him. He was 40 years of age. —A young man in James Tierney’s logging camp, about thirty miles from Fort Francis, Ont., was struck on the forehead by a limb of a tree. The blow caused con- cussion of the brain and resulted in his death. —George Vogt, late of Hanover, Ont., purchased a saw mill last fall on the Bruce peninsula. The news has been | received that his third son, thirteen years of age, has been killed in the mill while assisting in turning a log. —John Gardner, an employee of W. R. Thompson's mill at Teeswater, Ont., was temporarily left in charge of a While adjusting the machinery his hand struck the saw, which cut the machine for cutting maple into blocks. wrist about half way through. —The boiler in H. B. Palmerton’s saw mill near Elm- wood, Ont., exploded on the 2oth of March last, killing a young man named Lewis Cole, and injuring others. While Mr. Palmerton and the engineer were fixing the governors the boiler exploded. The deceased was hurled twenty feet and jammed between two logs. —A serious boiler explosion occurred in the saw, stave and heading mill of Watson Bros., at Ridgetown, Ont., on April 6th, by which four men lost their lives and others were seriously injured. The deceased men are T. J. Buller, Wm. Watson, William Cunningham and Daniel Leitch. The building was completely wrecked. The employees were preparing to commence the day’s work, and the fires had been under the boilers for some time. Pieces of machinery were thrown blocks away. 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN May, 1896 PLANING MILL OF J. R. EATON, ORILLIA. Amonc the leading planing mill men and con- tractors of Ontario may be classed Mr. J. R. Eaton, of Orillia. On the corner of Colborne streets is situated his neat two-storey and from it and Andrew mill. Its dimensions are 58xtoo ft., upwards of $50,000 worth of business is turned out On the ground floor is the office and stock room of In the rear is the heavy machinery, consisting of a band moulder, self-feed rip each year by planing and contracting work. moulding, etc., taking up the front half. re-saw, matcher, planer, saw, buzz planer, cut-off saw, two rip saws, and In arear annex of 24x 24 ft. are the engine and boiler, both of the Goldie & McCulloch make, the former of 30h.p., and the latter of 60 h. p., which will shortly be replaced by a 50 h. p. engine and a 75 h.p. boiler An exhaust fan will an automatic saw filer. of the same manufacture. be instituted in a short fan for the shavings. Besides the boiler room is a Hoyt & Smith dry kiln of 18x30 ft. In the front part of the top floor are stored the sashes and doors, the rest of the floor being taken up with the lighter machinery, comprising a moulder, tenoner, mortiser, rip saw, cut-off saw, planer, shaper, panel raiser, blind slat machine, sandpaperer, boring machine, jig saw, band saw, turning lathe, door clamp machine, and a mitring machine. In the mill an average of thirty men are em- ployed the year round. The premises are lighted by electricity and heated by steam. The yard of over half an acre is constantly full of lumber, and in a shed 250x30 ft. in size is kept the supply lumber. Last year from outside sources 600,000 feet was shipped into the yard, besides 400,000 Mr. Eaton has been successful in securing many ’ feet acquired from local manufacturers. large contracts, his trade extending from Sudbury to Cannington. His enterprise has gone a long way towards building up the town in which he lives. A new boiler is being put into Wm. Allan’s saw mill, Perth, Ont., by the Goldie & McCulloch Co., of Galt. AN ADVANTAGE OF THE BAND. SPEAKING of the growing use of band mills, the Timberman, of Chicago, says: In a certain Southern mill equipped with two band saws, the lumber product overran the log scale 27 per cent. on an average, for the year 1894. But a short distance from this mill is another, cutting pre- cisely similar timber, with circular saws, which, from sixteen million feet of logs, produced but fourteen million feet of lumber, board measure. These comparative results were not repeated in 1895, except for somewhat better management of the circular mill. Such a contrast is a most startling object- lesson in the value of the band mill. The mill in which the lumber product fell short of the log scale was carelessly conducted; in fact, it was found that one or two sawyers were bent in getting the logs off the carriage as quickly as possible, and had been sending a large amount of stuff to the burner that should have been worked up into lumber. But it is doubtful if even with ordinary careful sawing the lumber scale would have equalled the log scale. But such: a difference cannot be accounted for by The average Southern mill, even though it cut particularly with a view to finish and flooring, cannot effect a saving in the kerf alone of over 12% per cent., if it can aver- age that. We believe that one of the chief causes for the better results arising from the use of a band mill is the caution and care taken by the sawyers and other mill hands. The ordinary circular is an incentive to waste. seeing how much he can cut in ten hours, how quickly he can turn his log, get it off the car- riage and have a new one in its place; but with saving in saw kerf. Every sawyer is bound on a band there is a disposition, just as marked, to get all out of a log that there is in it. The band saw was invented for that purpose, and the pur- pose is impressed on all who have anything to do with it. Not that a band saw is a slow tool by any means, for its product in ordinary sized logs is nearly that of the circular, and in large logs is greater, but not so many logs will be put through the mill in the course of a day, and the sawyer feels that he is out of the competition for a saw mill record. He has, therefore, a disposi- tion to make a record for good work, and for the gain he can make over the log scale. There is moral character in the band saw which is in- fectious, and which constitutes one of its chief advantages. The cost of timber in China is so great that wooden trestles are out of the question. The railway station houses are all built of light, burned brick, plastered on the outside. The broad platforms are of stone or concrete, fille d with earth and cinders. MAS P an MAN UFACTURER SK\DDING TONGS SKIDDING TONGS CANT HOOK CLASP SOCKET Mia , PEMBROKE, ONT. OrtraAws Frc On Lumbermens Supplies We are making a Specialty of Lumbermen’s Supplies, and are offering, with other goods, a good Japan Tea, Get a sample of this fine draw and make, at 12% cents. splendid Tea suitable for the Camp. H. P. Eokardt & 60. WHOLESALE GROCERS CAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. TORONTO. DAVIDSON & AAY Wholesale Grocers TORONTO ANNED BELTING 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 THE J.C.MSLAREN BELTING C° montreat May, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBEHERMAN SPLINTERS. Of 597 trees struck by lightning in the forest near Moscow 302 were white pop- lars. The planting of these trees as protectors against lightning is therefore recommended. Experiments show that the tapping of trees for sap or pitch does not weaken the timber. The probable effect of tapping is to decrease the thickness of the new layers of wood-cells. An automatic match making machine now in operation, is an interesting curios- ity, seemingly endowed with almost human intelligence. day, and arranges them mechanically over a vat where the heads are attached at a surprising rate of speed. It cuts 10,000,000 sticks per The imports of lumber into South Africa via Natal and Delegoa Bay last year were as follows: From United States, 1,020,144 cub. ft.; United Kingdom, 185,121 cub. ft.; Sweden, 2,465,777 cub. ft.; Norway, 1,- 041,327 cub. ft.; New Zealand, 32, 548 cub. ft.; India and Burmah, 56,679 cub. ft.; South Australia, 1,592 cub. ft. A great part of Prince Edward Island was once thickly wooded, but at present it produces no more timber and lumber than it requires, and in addition to the local output a very considerable amount is imported from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. A little pine still exists, and with the other coniferous trees, and some excellent hardwood of various kinds, supplies in part the local demand. THE “SHANTY QUEEN” AXE o« GAMPBELL BROS. »° ~ + Manufacturers and try this axe in frosty weather. . . St. John, N. B. — WRITE FOR PRICES — Send for sample lot J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath & Shingles BRACEBRIDGE, ONT. ACENTS WANTED To sell Capt. Geo. S. Thompson’s New Book, “Up-to-date or The Life ofa Lumberman.” (Profuse- ly illustrated). 2,000 copies sold already, and only out of the press two months. The first book ever written ‘by a practical lumberman, describing the many inter- esting stages of Lumbering, and the hazardous life of those engaged in the woods and on the river. An edi- tion in French will be out shortly. The book will be mailed to anyone on receipt of $1.00. Address to GEO. S. THOMPSON, Care The Times Printing Co., Peterboro’, Ont. Good terms to agents. Be anaes SOLD UNDEF? 0 My GUARANTEE, ee snindeeine THE PEDLAR METAL ROOF INE co SHAWA Ont Your Stomach Distresses You after eating a hearty meal, and the result is a chronic case of Indiges- tion, Sour Stomach, Heartburn, Dyspepsia, or a bilious attack. RIPANS TABULES perfect digestio: Ripans Tabules take the Medici should be kept for use in every family. Price, 50 Cents a box. At ae or by mail. RIPANS CHEMICAL CO 10 SPRUCE ST., New Yorr. (Q=—— DUPLEX Ame. STAGL EE STEAM: Bane POWER. OFFICES & WORKS ADJOINING NEW UNION STATION, TORONTO, CAN | Z Fe Va Ne FADO sana ev PRESTON; = V/OFFICE. SCHOOL. : CHURCH & LODGE FURNITURE 2 FA QSEND FOR CATE SS TL.JONES COURTHOUSE & DRUG STORE FITTINGS Bs. P. PAYETTE & CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill and Shingle Mill Machinery... Boilers and Boiler Fittings Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers Brass and Iron Castings Cant-Hook Handles, etc. Write for Terms and Prices. -:- -:- PENETANGUISHENE, ONT. DFU Kins « néaters CHEAP One Second-Hand Sturtevant Heater, 1,000 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match ; has been used only about four months. One Sturtevant Heater, 5,500 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match ; in first-class order. (The above have been used in lumber dry kilns, but are also applic- able to heating buildings, etc.) For prices and full particulars of the above, also our catalogue and prices of Heating and Ventilating, write the.... McEachren Heating & Ventilating Co. GALT, ONT. The Northey Mig. Co. Lta TORONTO JHE LAURIE ENGINE GO. - MONTREAL SoLre AGENTS FOR PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. THEH CANADA LUMBETERMAN May, 1896 i = Q ey rm) a) yw Ps \ Z ik 1 ie le Wc = |e fi : 0 : w 6) o } Sole Canadian Agents ‘ t=3 Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPEGTION BOOK =ena Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the ‘ Canada Lumberman.” =ea Toronto, Canada C H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 HE above is afac simile of the title page of the latest and most complete Lumber and Inspection Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a copy on receipt of four 3 cent Ga- nadian postage stamps ° ° © ° THE (ANADA [_UMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS | ONAN LUNE. witussetetienstenstesseracss sas via Canadian Pacific Railway to New York Harbor, Long LLL OILS, W AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from Connection—Canadian Pacific Railway ; Rome, 12 Ibs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for | Watertown & Ogdensburgh ; New York Centra & Pie South St. complete outfit. H. R. Rd.; Ronan Line. “q—____—-- Island Sound and inland waters of New Jersey. hae od niet ae: N.Y. K JOHN J. GARTSHORE Telephone, 711 Broad. 49 Front St. West, Toronto, PARKER C. RONAN, Manager. MALL & FISHER 60., Lid +————Woodstock, N. B. ee Patent . nim L “Saw PUIUS Se 7 SS ~~ a ——_~ —, ~> SESS —~ eT 53 WAS eA SSS) ~ Y a > We are now building Special Strong Wood Split Pulleys for Saw-Mills at prices cheaper than you can build them at home. for. Get our figures before ordering. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co. Office: 68 King St. West, TORONTO, Ont. Moo eco WHS] & PHACHE EY eee ALLIGATOR iierne TUGS ENGINES AND BUILER® FOR STEAM AGH SrmCcon, Gist: MANUFACTURERS OF | STEAM ROAD MAKER “Odw Mill Maghinéry -- May, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 17 Tue Roya Evectric GomPANy Western Office : TORONTO, ONT. Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ MANUFACTURERS OF Electrical Machinery. Apparatus LIGHT and POWER SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHT AND POWBR ALSO FOR ELECTRIC PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. MONTREAL, QUE. Every Lumberman wants it 45 cents buys it Scribner's LUMDEF « L0G Book SAVES MONEY SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, PRACTICAL INFORMATION CANADIAN RUBBER COMPANY Capital, $2,000,000.00. __—, SUPERIOR QUALITY Rubber Goods MANUFACTURE THE——— A. R. WILLIAMS MACHINERY CO. (LIMITED) Offer SPECIAL BARGAINS in the following size Engines during the NEXT THREE WEEKS, in order to clear out as many as possible before mov- ing into their new premises... . 28 in. x 36 in. Slide Valve, very heavy, for saw mill. 24 in. x 30 in. William Hamilton Mfg. Co.’s make, re-built and guaranteed. 18 in. x 36 in. very heavy Slide-Valve Engine, box frame. 16in. x 26in. Box Bed, Twin Engines, Killey make. 14 in. x 19 in. Box Bed, Slide Valve, (no name). 12in. x 30in. Thompson & Williams ‘‘ Brown” Automatic. 11 in. x 14in. Box Bed, Horizontal, Thomas make. to in. x 24 in. Girder Bed, Cowan make, Slide Valve. 1oin. x 12in. Straight Bed, Slide Valve, Erie City make, Double Crank. 834 in. x 12 in. Box Bed, Slide Valve, (no name). 934 in. x 12in. Slide Valve, Waterous make. 84 in. x 10in. Waterous, Rock Valve. 8Y in. x 10 in. Box Bed, Slide Valve, (no name). 1o in. x 12in. Box Bed, Slide Valve, McRae make. 6in. x 12 in. Girder Bed, Slide Valve, Henderson & Co. make. 5% in. x 14 in. Box Bed, Slide Valve, valve on top of cylinder, Arm- ington & Sims, automatic. 2-6 in. x 8 in. Slide Valve, new, Bell of Hensall make. Wertical Engines 6 in. x 6in. Hamilton make. 5 in. x 6in. Doty make, Vertical. 4¥% in. x 6in. x “ 4 in. x 5 in. Polson pattern. 4-4 in. x 4 in. Vertical, Marine, McMullen make. 2% in. x 4in. Marine. 5% in. x 7 in. Doty make. 3 in. x 4in. Payne, Automatic. 2¥% in. x 4% in. Marine (no name). Address—— 2 TORONTO A. ALLAN, President. J. O. GRAVEL, Secretary-Treasurer. J. J. McGILL, General Manager. F. SCHOLES, Managing Director. of MONTREAL, TORONTO and WINNIPEG w& FORSYTH SbaMléss RUDDEF Belting For Mechanical Purposes Rubber Belting, Packing, Hose, Etc. Head Offices and Factory MONTREAL Ontario Branch... QO~ Corner Front and Yonge Sts. S6aMMl6SS TUDE r0S6 wt. These Patents we control for Canada *%.%.%% TORONTO ee WALES Manager SHURLY & THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES DIETRICH 38% ee Aan oI 1: SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET CREMICAL PROCESS OF TENDERING : : Our Silver Steel Saws are Unequalled NIV WFO % < 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 1844 The Lumberman’s ‘Remedial Bill” That Really Permits of No Discussion. We can show lumbermen how by an investment of from $3,300 to $3,500, they can, in converting 5 million feet of logs into lumber, save a gross sum of $6,375.00, making a net saving each year of $3,000.00. Is this not a “ REMEDIAL BILL’ that per- mits of no discussion ? Wrire. Us ror PARTICULARS. Waterous Engine Works Co. BRANTFORD, CANADA Note— 34 ALLIS BAND MILLS sold in Canada since Jan. of ’94. We are are building them fast and can fill orders promptly. 1896 NEW WORKS OCCUPIED FEB’Y ’96 CS Mee eer SY ee ae o-% . ; t May, 1896 THH CANADA LUMBERMAN Galt Machine Knife Works OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MACHINE KNIVES rr Woodworking Machines Sea Semo tom Price ist it. PETER HAY - - = - -. Galt, Ont. SAWS BREAK SIXTEEN REASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM * Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking: analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner 0 properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price, ONE DOLLAR. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. GHE oe ER ae i br PATENT HI DRY The Tiatantes ey Cheapest and Best KILN. LUMBBR, STAVES, HEADING, ETC. Write for Particulars to Bene een W/L EO NL Be Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. THE DAKE STEAM FEED EMBODIES . FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES : Simplicity of Construction, Positive and Easy Management, Eeonomieal Use of Steam, Small Space Occupied, Cheapness, Easy Adaptation to either New Mills or those now in use. , The movement of the engine in either direction is under the absolute control of the sawyer, thus accommodating the speed of the feed to the size of the logs. Mill men who have used other makes of Steam Feeds, comment favorably on the economical use of steam of our feed over others. Write for Catalogue and full particulars. THE PHELPS MACHINE CO, Mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding with Advertisers. Dauntless Shingle and hei Machine -*, WILL make more Shingles per day than any self-acting machine withe vertical. saw in existence, and more Shingles from the same quantity of timber. ——— a | i \p) a ae : ANE TAE FRAME————- ae, .. Is of Iron throughout, very [copy. ] HastTIncs, Dec. 3, 1894. F. J. Drake, Esq., Belleville. Dear Sir,—We have waited two years before giving you our idea of your machinery. This we do to thoroughly test it, and can now say we know what it can do. Your Saw Mill is equal, or nearly equal to any we have seen of much heavier make, and far in advance of any light rig in the market. The capacity per day is fully up to your guarantee, 40 2) Ey Z ya is | heavy and rigid, strongly bolted M per day. We have tested and braced. es ef ¢ s Ld TAE CARRIAGE . Is very light and strong, beaten for any kind of timber. Ours being in a manner a custom mill, we have good, bad and in- different timber, but for all it made of forged Cast Steel does the work satisfactorily. Plate, running on steel ways or You may use this in any way tracks. Will take in a block 18 you please, or refer to us at any time. inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. MANUFACTURERS, CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY. Oanadian Locomotive & Engine 60.. Lived Yours truly, (Sgd.) W. J. & H. W. Fow.ps. with eight men : The Shingle Mill cannot be Kidston, Ont. UNDER THE F. J. DRAKE PATENTS, SAW, SHINGLE and LATH MACHINERY. THE JAMES ROBERTSON CO. U1, = ew Saws of all Description h Lothy ‘ Send for Prices 2:2222A full line of Mill (Orica :::: Supplies, including ——— ak Rubber and Leather Mi i So Belting, Babbit Metal, &c., always Ml | i > carried in stock. OF OUR | | ~4i HB MANASHE Head Office FE { 7 sy bd {44 William St. NAR Dee BREAKING STRAIN GIN/CAMEL HAIR BELT—14,181.1bS | MONTREAL ae and E » >» 6INDOUBLE OAKLEATHER—7,522 HICKORY ; ‘« JO. «De ( W.A.FLEMING. ° oe a SOLE AGENT FOR CANADA. WOOD-SPLIT 4 57, ST FRS.XAVIER S(24 FRONT SE E)ViCTORIACHAMBERS € ALL OUR SAWS Va CIRCULAR ‘ : FULLY WARRANTED < dae aie Lane MONTREAL. ( TORONTO.j OTTAWA. PULLEYS Orders promptly attended to. @ SPECIALTY 4 Satisfaction guaranteed. Correspondence Solicited. . pone ~~) ROBERT GRAHAM O— h Iron Founder and Machinist Cal Hi Water Wheels, Engines and Mill Machinery a Specialty. a, aus OTTAWA, O N x. Are you thinking of moving to better your condition ? If so, come to Michi- gan, where you can get comfortable living, good markets, good neighborhood, reason- able transportation for your products. A PROSPEROUS STATE! gS THE} ‘Z we STANDARD... | (WATER WHEEL ADE in sizes from 6 inches to 84 inches diameter. Wheel one solid casting. 84 per cent. of power guaranteed. In five pieces. Includes whole of case, either register or cylinder gate. Water put on full gate or shut completely off with half turn of ~~ The Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Go. have good lands for sale, prices ranging from SEVEN TO FIFTEEN | € DOLLARS per acre, according to location and timber ; easy terms. You make no mistake locating in this territory. r ! J il SS 6 Sg 2S eee eo Soe oesc— h ADDRESS : t ae Na hos wa sais governed as any H A. Patriarche, Traftti 6 Mana ger ! Cut showing Wheel Removed from Case. Saginaw, Mich. i| Write for Estimates, References and Catalogues of the STANDARD WATER WHEEL, also Milled and Rough Gearing ot i every size and description ; Engines, Mill Machinery and Electric Power Plants ; Latest Improved Band Saw Brazing Tables ; Shears and Gummers ; also Surface Grinder for Shingle Saws. ee eee THE CANADA LUMBERMAN (Weekly and Monthly Editions) $1.00 per year. [Jse tue ranous .. PINK LUMBERING TOOLS Se oaitandey | 8Y Car Load or Dozen Duck Bill Peavies, Round Bill Peavies, Finest Duck Bill Winter Cant Hooks gilt Pike Poles, Skidding Tongs, Boom Chains Lowest Prices © THOMAS PINK © _ PEMBROKE, ONT. MANUFAC eiPTIONS oF me ALP’ Circular. MII8 Gang Shingle Butting Concave. eae Billet Webs. ae ws . OTT SAW WORKS CoO. Me’ acvea; Ont TTA AW Aone WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS > on VotumeE XVII. Ht om | eel wl [heat NuMBER 6. TORONTO, ONT., JUNE, 1896 J TERMS, $1.00 Per YEAR } Single Copies, ro Cents. Macnois METAL In Use by Eight Leading Governments. BEST ANTI-FRICTION METAL For All Machinery Bearings MAGNOLIA METAL CO. OWNERS AND SOLE MANUFACTURERS aereere 74 Cortland Street, NEW YORK #eee Chicago Office : TRADERS BUILDING. Montreal Office : H. McLAREN & CO., Agents. DONOGH & OLIVER WHOLESALE DEALERS IN = Me i ee LUMBER, LATH ano SHINGLES rs es I TORONTO: 204-205 Board of Trade Building. BUFFALO; Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE “The Morse” is the only machine in the market that will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. DARLING BROT HBRS ‘¢ Reliance Works,”? - MONTREAL. | c. C. CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS - ONTARIO. Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should write us for prices. Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. PENBERTHY INJEGTOR CO. J. L. Goodhue & 60. MANUFACTURERS OF LLFATHER BELTING :::. anp LACE LEATHER Danwille, Que. Why it is the World Renowned : } Automatic i} INJECTOR FIRST—sTEADY IMPROVEMENT. Each year since 1887, when the ‘‘ Pen- berthy ” was first placed on the market, has seen some positive advance in its working qualities until now it stands unrivalled with an . Efficiency of 9914 per cent. Shown by Actual Test. YoU SHOULD HAVE ONE Branch Factory : WINDSOR, ONT. 226 Abbott St., DETROIT, MICH. Weeetssee Silver Solder For Repairing BAND SAW S. Price $x.00 per ounce, in xo ounce lots. P. W. ELLIS & CO., G. F. CLEVELAND 31 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, ONT. $ MANUFACTURING JEWELERS. Wil] 0 OC We a Z Ie us ) URNS Con q\ URNS = Saw S » The ale, he at Jal A i ele i< itera) Lag cers ha jaded yi! $e eate Gamer ee Cre ” 5 Fines fe ~ ic ne 4 - 4 pea: — an ant Fate ame 0, an “ae + “RAE CANADA LUMBER TA “ ms eB THE NEW PRESGOTT | e FDand Savy Nils FZ — A SA : | | > = ‘i \\ \ | ‘ = } Y | =n > [ LaPeer eee ee eee ee : ie E | ES WA i] = | Hl FA now \) ail AA : | a= Il | 3 : Tis | SS S55 SSE e@ Y"agRAA—Z BwGg-Z == = —<€ WAS PETERBOROUGH, ONT. Branch. Office: Vancouver. ©. TH CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVII. NuMBER 6. TORONTO, ONT., JUNE, 1896 ) Terms,$1.00 PER YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents. CASUALTIES IN THE WORKSHOP. * By CROMWELL GURNEY. THERE are more casualties reported as occa- sioned by circular saws than from any other type of machinery, and, for this reason, too much prominence cannot be given to the danger of carelessness in handling them. Sometimes it happens that no one is to blame when a fatality occurs, as when a circular saw breaks, as shingle saws and veneer saws are liable to do, being neces- sarily very thin and running at a very high rate of speed. All circular saws should be made of the best crucible or finest silver steel, and should be care- fully and uniformly tempered throughout, requiring great skill and watchfulness on the part of the temperer. Great care is also required in ham- mering out these saws, as often the process forces the strain to one part, causing a slight bulge, which may crack when some unusual strain is put upon the saw. The crack re- lieves the strain caused by the ]_ bulge, and by boring a small Ds hole at the terminus of the split it will go no farther, the saw being safer than before the fracture occurred. In using a rip saw a wedge should always be inserted behind the saw, in order to keep the cut open, that the wood may not bind the saw. A terrible example of this neglect came under the writer’s observation. A clumsy hand was pushing a large piece of lumber upon a saw so fast that the machine almost stop- ped. At this moment the damp wood bound the saw, with the effect that the heavy lumber was shot, end on, into the man’s chest, mutilating him horribly. Most of the _ accidents, however, are not due TN AUN ra \\' NY NN NW IN to imperfect saws, but to care- lessness in the employee, who, as a rule, loses his fingers as a penalty. most harmless as regards cutting accidents, while those overhanging their frames, and projecting out, are the most dangerous. Sometimes a ham- mer or wrench, left on the table, will be jarred until it comes into contact with the teeth of the running saw. As the teeth are unable to bite through the metal of the wrench or hammer, the saw itself breaks, sending its fragments with fearful veloc- AN ANXIOUS HOUR. 5 LP CapraIn MaRINER :—A mighty good deal depends upon the success of that log drive. Mr. MiLtMan :—My fortune depends on it, that’s all. way of getting down, consequently I'm in a fair way of going up. Generally speaking, the cir- cular saw is always dangerous when in motion, and care is needed on the part of the attendant when operating any style of saw machine; but there are adjustments or adaptations of ‘saws _ much more dangerous than others. Those run- ning through a slot in the table are perhaps the * Abstract of a paper read before the Engineering Society of the School of Practical Science. ity, as may be judged by one case, where a large piece of saw was buried completely out of sight in a neighboring post. As to covering or guarding all saws, it is im- practicable, without very much interfering with the quantity of work turned out. The floor about the neighborhood of a naked saw should be kept altogether free from obstructions which Seale er! To all appearance that drive isn’t in a fair would be likely to cause stumbling, as to stumble against a running saw means horrible mutilation. In using both emery wheels and saws, the operator should stand slightly out of the plane of the wheel, which puts him out of range, so to speak, if any accident should happen. Great care should be exercised in putting a belt on a running pulley, as this operation causes many accidents. Every year there are the usual number of broken and dislocated arms reported from this cause. gl i The reason of this is apparent at once to anyone who has felt the tre- mendous and sudden wrench when a fast-running belt starts unexpectedly while it is being put on. The most significant fact in all belt accidents is that the victims are not, as a rule, green hands, but old and skilled mechanics and_ engineers, whose familiarity with machin- ery has made them careless. A belt should never be held upon a pulley with the foot, as there is great danger of the boot getting caught in the joint of the belt. Neither should one be held on by a piece of wood held loosely in the hand, as the stick wrenched from the hand might strike the face or head of the holder. WOOD-PULP TILES. A NEw phase of the wood- pulp industry is developed in the manufacture of paper tiles for roofing purposes, which are known to the trade as Norway tiles. They are pronounced superior in quality, appearance and price, and the insurance companies appear favorably disposed and stamp the tiles as a very desirable and safe Some of the qualities presented by this new roofing material. factor in the line of building are its light weight, exceeding hardness, a non-conducting of heat and sound, and sufficient elasticity to meet all the re- quirements. It is urged that the difficulty of procuring perfectly square stone blocks except at high rates is thus overcome, for the pulp blocks, being cast in a square mold, are necessarily uni- form, differing from the stone and brick which absorb so much heat in the summer. It is claimed that the new material prevents dampness, which is usually experienced in the case of stone. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN June, 1896 MAINTENANCE OF SAW MILL MACHINERY. DovustLess our placing circular saw mills in the list of machines that require care will provoke a smile from those who know how very little of such consideration this kind of machinery re-: ceives. It may be of interest to the uninitiated to go with us for a few minutes into one of these in- stitutions with its modern appliances. We may find a little standing room near the sawyer. Through a cloud of sawdust may be seen a large log lunging back and forth, while the savage saw cleaves board after board from its side. The head block man is riding the carriage and hang- ing on to his levers like a sailor clings to his Suddenly the carriage stops. One naturally takes a step backward as _two timbers, armed with spike, dart through the rigging during a storm. floor nearby. drops back on the blocks with a fresh side pre- sented to the saw, and the turning jack dis- appears. Again the sawdust and bark flies; a great slab drops on the live rolls and wriggles away out of sight. A few more such snatches at the log and it disappears. We have seen enough and breathe easier when a little farther away, for such violent motions and rasping sounds produce a sense: of insecurity. The whole thing seems to be turned loose to do what it can before it accomplishes its own de- Of course the practical saw mill man looks upon this slamming and banging of things struction. with a sort of matter of course complacency. Experience has taught him about where the boundary of endurance lies and he works right along that line. It is only by dint of increased strength and the use of steel where cast iron is commonly used that this kind of machinery is made fairly durable. In view of the rough usage it gets, we need not wonder at its ranking among the most expensive as to cost of maintenance. It may also be said to demand a higher order of skill for its success- ful management than many might suppose it would require. We have examined a mill that will cut 50,000 feet of lumber per day, which is quite a different thing from one that can only cut from 3,000 to 5,000 feet. As there are fifty perhaps of the latter to one of these larger mills, we will confine what may be said on the subject to the operation of the greater number. It would be perfectly useless to attempt to har- monize the views of sawyers on many subjects connected with the management of saws, as well as other parts of a mill. Hence weare not in the field as a missionary to change men’s ways of thinking, but, if possible, to throw out a hint here and there which may be of value to some. First, as to power required: Any good engine with saw in fair order will cut about 3,000 feet of one inch boards in ten hours for each ten h.p. developed. That is to say, a thirty h. p. engine will cut 9,000 feet per day, or at least can be made to do so. We are aware this is more than the average performance ; in many cases it is nearly double what is done. It may be interesting to note how much of the time a saw must be idle during each day or hour. For an example, take 400 revolutions for a saw per minute, and a feed of one inch to each revo- lution, which is a low average for a 15 h. p. en- gine. At this rate the saw makes 24,000 turns The log bounds into the air and. per hour, and allowing that it is only cutting two-thirds of the time, the balance being con- sumed in backing the log, then we have 16,000” cut, or the equivalent of 1,333 feet per hour, and in ten hours 13,330 feet board measure, allowing the timber sawed to be twelve inches wide. An average day’s work for such a mill may be esti- mated at about 5,000 feet, so we may see about how much of the time is consumed in turning the logs, putting them on the blocks and, as we sometimes say, pottering around. The management of the circular saw seems to Yet he may not For in- be the sawyer’s shibboleth. have any well defined line of action. stance, we know of no rule for determining the number of teeth that a circular saw should have. It is generally understood, however, that where coarse feeds are used, say from three to six inches to a revolution of the saw, that the saw teeth may be spaced to about three inches apart, while with small powers and fine feeds, say one- half to two inches, the saw teeth may be as much as six to eight inches apart. Indeed, we have known some cases where these spaces were This was where the power was very limited, of course. doubled with apparent advantage. It is readily seen that sixteen teeth and one inch feed, thirty-two teeth, with two inch feed, and sixty-four teeth, with four inch feed, will each require power corresponding to their num- ber of teeth, asin each case every tooth cuts chips one-sixteenth of an inch in thickness. But should we use a saw with thirty-two teeth on a feed of one-half inch we find that each tooth cuts but one sixty-fourth of an-inch, or what might be considered as mere scraping, and as much power will be consumed, in all probability, in doing this as would be required to cut a chip twice or three times as thick. Hence, we may see there may be a great waste of power by having too many teeth in a saw. From the foregoing we may reasonably con- clude that one tooth to the horse power to be applied would not be far from the proper thing, that is, sixty teeth for sixty h. p., thirty teeth for thirty h. p, and one tooth for one h. p. But, as saw mills never get much below ten h.p., we would not require any one-tooth saws. They have been made, however, with four teeth, and successfully used, we are told. It is needless to say anything about thick or thin saws further than this: When required as thin as ten to twelve gauge, the motion should be both steady and rapid. Both being very hard to secure with limited power, such as small mills usually em- ploy, it is probably best to use nea saws in such mills. Perhaps velocity has more to do with making thin saws work well than any other condition. The effect of centrifugal force, which the rapid speed produces on the saw blades, is well under- stood by saw makers. This, together with the driving strain, take effect principally at the cen- tral portion of the saw, and so stretches the steel at this point that it becomes necessary to provide for this change by hammering when in the hands of the saw maker, and by his knowing the velocity at which a saw is to run, he can make the proper allowance for this expansion. It is well known that heat, so often produced by friction, is one of the most troublesome things the sawyer has to contend against. The de- rangement of the saw thus produced by unequal expansion cannot be provided for by the maker. It sometimes happens, however, that a saw may be hammered a little too ‘‘tight” at the centre, and then its performance will be improved by becoming warm at this point. It is often a matter of surprise to see how a very little heat will affect the running of a circular saw, the sun’s rays being sufficient to unfit it wholly for work. Great damage often comes to a saw by cooling it with water. Those acquainted with the nature of metals know that when heated and allowed to cool gradually, a thing will come much nearer assuming its original shape than it will do if cooled suddenly, so that saw being frequently cooled in this way will soon require re- hammering. The preventatives against undue friction and heat are too well known to require much com- ment. Usually, of course, it results from not giving the saw teeth sufficient spread to make a free curf. Sometimes the cause is more remote, and may be traced to improper setting of the mill frame, or carriage. For instance, if the saw-arbor is not perfectly level, the effect will be to spring the saw, as the latter will obviously lop over at the top, toward the carriage, if this end of the arbor is low, and at same time the under half of the saw will spring in the same di- rection. Just what the effect of all this will be on the cutting qualities of the saw cannot be foretold, but it is safe to say it will not be likely to cut a truly straight line, and therefore will be very apt to rub on the timber and become warm, or possibly hot in spots. The same effect may be produced re allowing the trackway to get in wind, as it is called; or in other words, out of level. It is useless, perhaps, to say much about the forms of dress given saw teeth by different saw- yers. A diversity of opinion will doubtless always exist on this subject. There are really but two prominent differences, i. e., that known as the “‘ briar tooth” and the ‘‘chisel tooth.” The first, of course, must be bent right and left alternately to give proper width to the curf they cut. One objection to this form is, that these teeth may be sprung back by the pressure of the cut, and another is, that the lumber cut will not be as smooth as when every tooth is made to cut on each side, as is the case with teeth that are spread at the points equally on each side, giving them the form of a chisel. Some combine these two forms in the saw, by following a chisel tooth with two briar teeth, one right and the other left handed, a form which is sometimes employed in hand saws. Of the several plans named, we believe that of the uniformly swaged tooth, or chisel shape, is the most generally used. A word with reference to the manner of up- setting the steel to form this tooth, may not be out of place. This should be done with light strokes of the hammer. Heavier ones are liable to shatter and destroy the texture of the steel. — ‘* Quirk,” in the Tradesman. White poplar weighs 33.06 pounds to the cubic foot. Well-dried locust weighs 45.05 pounds to the cubic foot. Seasoned dogwood weighs 47.05 pounds to the cubic foot. ow JUNE, 1896 LUMBERING METHODS IN CALIFORNIA. A RECENT number of Pacific Coast Wood and Iron, published at San Francisco, Cal., contains an interesting article relating to California red- wood, and the methods of lumbering as practised by the Usal Redwood Company, of which Mr. Robt. Dollar, once prominently identified with the lumber industry of Canada, is local manager. The following description of Californian meth- ods will doubtless have an interest for Canadian readers : “A logging railroad has been constructed from the landing up along the creek for a mile and a half, and is being extended from month to Trees growing along the creek and the slopes near by are cut, and the logs handled by a donkey engine, which hauls a cable with much greater speed than the old ox teams, and loaded on the cars to be hauled to the mill. To reach out into the more distant hills and up the lateral canyons opening into the main one, a large engine, called a ‘*bull donkey,” is placed at the mouth of the canyon, and this machine operates three winding drums or cables. First is the main wire cable, about one inch in diameter, which extends from the bull donkey back up the canyon, or over the hills, for a mile and ahalf. This is pulled out by a smaller cable from the engine pass- ing over a pulley at or near the point de- sired to be reached by the large cable. A second small cable is also used to enable the large cable to be hauled up a branch canyon if needed. Two telegraph wires run parallel from the engine up the whole route of the cable, and are connected with an electric bell located right in front of the engineer. By touching both wires at once with an iron rod a circuit is es- tablished, and signals can be sent from any point on the line. A small donkey engine is located at the point on the route where they are getting logs. This smail machine hauls the logs from the place where they are cut to the line of the Jarge cable, and they are coupled together much the same as month as needed. railroad cars, from 20 to 26 or 30 logs forming atrain. This train is hitched to the large cable, and then the field operator with his rod signals the engineer, who answers with his whistle, and the great log-train starts off, pulling the end of the small cable after it. but a quick signal stops the engine until all is ‘clear again. The train may break in two, but at a signal the great cable is hauled back and the broken-off part of the train pulled up and coupled again. Once more it starts, and at last pulls up at the logway, by the side of which the logging train stops for its load. It may strike a snag, The locomotive on this road is a peculiar one. It has three cylinders, and these instead of turn- ing the driving wheels directly, as is usual, con- nect with a flexible shaft which runs lengthwise of the engine, and every wheel of the locomotive is Fic. r.—SeEcTIONAL View oF LumMBEeR CONVEYOR. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN | 2 oe a a driving wheel, and driven by a pinion on the flexible shaft. Thus the-locomotive has great power to climb steep grades and turn sharp curves. At the mill the loaded cars are pulled one at a time into the room by a winding drum and cable, and the logs pulled to the saw carriage in the same way. The lumber is all sawed with a band saw, the blade six or seven inches wide, which walks through the logs as if they interposed no resistance. The boards after being sawed pass on by automatic machinery, and are all slit into proper widths and cut to proper lengths, with no human assistance beyond a directing hand, and being delivered then on trucks -upon an elevated platform, they are lowered to the piles, rather than lifted to them. Where lifting is required, special cranes are provided. The thick parts of the slabs are sawed into shakes, and almost everything is worked into merchantable shape. are thrown into a yawning hole, and a grinding ‘‘craunch” is heard as the ‘‘ hog” converts them into chips, which conveyors carry along the boiler furnaces, which are thus fired without All the edgings and pieces SYSTEM OF CONVEYING LoGs TO THE MILL. human labor. All the sawdust and many of the slabs are carried on endless belts to a fire pit near the foot of the hill, where they are con- sumed. Probably enough fuel is there consumed to supply one-fourth of the city of San Jose. A monster main engine of 600-horse power is so well balanced and firmly seated that not a tremble can be felt, and there are one or two auxiliary engines besides. Water pipes pass everywhere with such arrangements that the heat of a burning shaving would at once let loose a sprinkler with a rush of water under 145 pounds pressure. Steam does all the lifting and tugging, pulling and hauling. Keen-eyed and skillful men direct the whole, and although the mill does not run at night, one band saw cuts from fifty to sixty thousand feet of lumber every day. The mill is arranged for another band saw, and a dynamo and arrangements for electric lights are now being put in, so that four times this output will be possible. Vessels lie just outside the elevated wharf, and are loaded by means of a ‘‘ traveller” on a tight- ly-stretched wire cable, a donkey engine furnish- ing the power.” METHOD OF CONVEYING LOGS. From a correspondent of Lumber, New York, we obtain the following particulars and illustra- " arrangement. Fic. 2.—Loc in Ricut Position on Conveyor on Way TO MILL. * tions of a system of conveying logs to the mill in operation in California : The distance from the’ Blackstone Mill in Mendocino county, Cal., to the logging camp is about ro miles, being, as is usually the case, through a pretty rough country, where it would be difficult and expensive to build a railroad. The route is mostly along the bed of acreek. At distances of 10 feet apart each were placed in- verted Vs made of two saplings about 12 inches in diameter and 30 feet long, as illustrated in Fig. 1. From this is suspended a track as shown in illustration, A being the hanger, B the cross piece, both of 3x8 pine, let into the uprights and into each other, and bolted together. C is the support for the rail, being 4x12 pine. By ‘Sone in this connection is understood the tough fir, called also Oregon pine. pound T rail. A traveller runs on this, consisting of a flanged wheel, from which is suspended the log. At the loading place in the woods is a plat- form which is raised and lowered by a simple The log is rolled on this and raised sufficiently to clear the ground on its pas- sage, then suspended by chains to the travellers, two of the latter be- ing used for each log, the platform lowered. By asimple grip the traveller is connected to an end- On this is placed a 40- and less wire cable, which five and moves about miles an hour, started on its journey to the The position of the log mill. is shown in Fig. 2- At the landing place there is a_ similar platform, over which the log is stopped by loosening the grip, the platform raised, the chains removed, and the log rolled into the mill pond. The chains are hung on the travellers, which have been placed on the return track D, and the grip being attached, they are carried back to the camp. Small articles of freight are sent up to the camp on these return travellers. There are three tele- phones along the line, one at each end and one in the middle, in case of accidents. The power is furnished by the mill, through which the cable passes ; but, as the grade tends downward from the woods to the mill, this is not called upon to any extent. Some of the logs are 1o feet in diameter and of immense weight, but the system works perfectly. Nd Japan is said to have a forestry law that compels the planting of two trees for every one cut, thereby keeping intact the forests. <<] have often wondered what became of the old-style bicycles,” remarked a wheelman. “ I discovered the other day what had become of one of them. During a ride down in Jersey I came across a saw-mill in the woods. To my astonishment and amusement I found that the motive power for the mill was supplied by a young man and one of the big-wheeled bicycles that were in vogue before the safeties appeared. The bicycle was suspended from the ceiling and connected with the mill machinery by a belt. The young man sat upon the seat of the wheel and worked the pedals with his feet, and in this way kept the saw in motion for hours at a time.—Exchange. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN. MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LuMBERMAN Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the ist day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance....... $1.00 One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... -50 Foreign Subscriptions, $2.00 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate zeport not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr. * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce: ments of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the CanaDA Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. TO VISITING LUMBERMEN. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to use the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN as their own. We shall take pleasure in supplying them with every con- venience for receiving and answering theit correspond- ence, and hold ourselves at their service in any other way they may desire. THE MANUFACTURE OF VENEERS. IN a recent number of the Canadian Gazette, of London, the statement is made that British capital might find profitable Canada in the manufacture of veneers and cut stock. ‘‘There are in Ontario,” says the Gazette, ‘‘ considerable areas of suitable timber for both ‘slicing’ and ‘rotary-cut’ veneering —such as maple (four varieties), birch (three varieties), oak (three varieties), elm (three varie- ties), beech, sycamore, basswood, ash, balm and whitewood—adjacent to a line of railway, so as to be convenient for shipping’ The most im- proved machinery for this class of work can be obtained in Canada; and the veneering or cut stock, properly dried, cut to size and carefully bundled, can be shipped to Great Britain and made into furniture, house decoration, packing boxes, nail kegs, barrels, butter tubs, and an almost infinite number of lesser although by no means small or unimportant lines of goods. A great deal of attention and study has been given this veneer industry, and its development and its extension from one line of manufactured goods to another—such as pianos, organs, sewing ma- chines, etc.—have been such that at this present time large lines that were formerly manufactured of solid material are now ‘built up,’ so as to be cheaper, more durable and substantial, and much lighter ; and many other lines of industry are employment in moving into the using of veneer for constructive material. A trade could, it is believed, be built up reaching into millions per annum ; and as the industries provided for are increasing daily neces- sities, so the business would increase from year to year. The capital for the industry on a large scale, however, would have to come from Eng- land.” Several Canadian papers have recently pub- lished articles on this subject, echoing the opinions expressed by the Gazette. As the result of enquiries in various quarters, we are inclined to think that the prospects for a Canadian veneer manufacturing industry are scarcely so promising as they have been pictured. In order that our readers may be in a position to judge for them- selves on this point, we submit for their consider- ation a few particulars bearing upon the subject. First, as to the supply of native woods suitable for furniture veneers—we have only maple, birch and cherry—our oak is unsuitable for this pur- pose, and our walnut practically extinct. We would therefore be dependent upon foreign coun- tries to a larger extent than the United States for our raw material. As to the extent of the market for the manu- factured product, we have in Canada about one hundred furniture factories, not more than twenty-five of which use veneers, as the majority make only the cheaper grades of stock. We have, perhaps, twenty piano and organ manufac- tories, which consume a considerable quantity of veneers of the finer grades, such as could not be made from native material. We have also a limited number of casket factories which employ veneer. It is doubtful if from all these sources a sufficient demand would come to keep a single mill of fair capacity running six months in the year. It would be too much to expect that a local mill would succeed in capturing all the home trade. Indeed a well-known piano manu- facturer informed the writer that if a mill were established his firm would not think of placing all their orders with it, as they would thereby be depriving themselves of the variety of stock which they now enjoy. There has likewise to be taken into account the fact that Canadian users of furniture veneers are at present supplied from American mills under a tariff of only 10 per cent. Unless a higher rate of duty than this were imposed, the Canadian manufacturer would find it a difficult matter to supplant American goods in the home market. What are the prospects outside the home market? A high tariff and the natural advantages enjoyed by the American manufacturer shuts out the possibility of finding a market in the United States. How is it with Great Britain? Her next-door neighbor, France, is the largest and most skilful producer of veneers in the world. To France, therefore, the British and German manufacturer goes to buy the finer grades of veneers, such as are not manufactured in his own country. There is demand in Great Britain for maple veneer which possibly Canada might hope to supply. In view of the above facts, there would seem to be no satisfactory opening in Canada for On the other hand, there does seem to exist the opportunity for profitable enterprise in the manufacture of the rougher grades of veneer, such as are used for cheese boxes, butter tubs, fruit baskets, etc. The market for goods of this class has manufacturing furniture veneers. JUNE, 1896 wonderfully developed during the last decade, and is still growing. These goods are prin- cipally made of maple and elm, with which material we are abundantly supplied. As these goods are cut from steamed logs, the mill would require to be located at some central point, where cheap labor would be available, and where the veneer could be made at once into the finished article. In this way the great waste which would result from warping and cracking in the event of the veneer being shipped abroad, would be avoided. We shall welcome any further information on this or any other subject bearing on new open- ings for enterprise in connection with the profit- able disposal of our forest products. QUEBEC AS A SHIPPING PORT. THE evolution which has taken place within the past few years in connection with the lumber business is greater than would appear at first glance. The methods in vogue a few years ago have given place to those in keeping with modern developments. While these changes have been in the interest of commerce at large, disaster has sometimes resulted to some particular section or industry. Take, for instance, the city of Quebec, which in earlier years was the principal shipping centre for the timber products of the province and much of the deal trade of the Ottawa valley. In those days the timber in log form was taken to Quebec by the lakes and rivers for sawing, but the logs are now cut into deals and lumber in the vicinity in which they are obtained and the product shipped by rail. Consequently Montreal, being easily accessible by rail, has secured a large portion of the lumber trade of the Ottawa valley, and Quebec has lost much of its old-time prestige as a shipping port. Further, it was thought that Quebec would be enabled to hold the square timber trade, even if losing the lumber shipping industry, but within the past two years large quantities of square timber have been shipped to Montreal by rail, to be loaded on the steamships for Europe. It is stated that even waney pine timber from points on the United States side of Lake Superior, 1,200 miles distant, is finding its way to Montreal in no small quantities. : The port of Quebec can only retain a fair pro- portion of the timber shipping trade by reaching out to meet the requirements of the times, and in this connection Messrs. Dobell and Sharples, two of the largest lumber merchants, have pointed out that it is necessary to improve the railway facilities with the lumber districts. The con- struction of the Parry Sound Railway would give direct communication with the mills of the Ottawa valley and with the timber districts of Parry Sound. An instance of the advantages of such communication is shown by the Lake St. John Railway, which carries a large portion of the trade of Quebec. The Harbor Commissioners of Montreal have provided, at a large expenditure, ample accom- modation for vessels. The announcement has just been made of a reduction of 20 per cent. on harbor dues, to take effect as soon as the neces- sary by-law receives the sanction of the Lieuten- ant-Governor. This step is of importance to all having to do with the commerce of the city, and will certainly prove beneficial to the St. Lawrence route, in competing for the carrying trade. —- CO JUNE, 1896 eee EDITORIAL NOTES. Some United States companies are said to have secured orders within the last six months for complete saw-mill outfits for Japan, to be used in the manufacture of boxes. In view of the feeling which is said to exist in Japan in favor of trading with Canada, and of the fact that Japan has vast timber lands, Canadian machinery manufacturers should take steps to secure a portion of this trade. Tue practice indulged in by some lumber manufacturers of labelling cars with the name of the shipping firm is receiving some condemnation at the hands of wholesale dealers. By this means the wholesaler’s customer becomes acquainted with the mill man from whom the stock is obtained, and in placing future orders he will probably transact the business direct with the mill man, thereby shutting out the wholesale dealer who had been the means of securing the trade, and who is justly entitled to any benefits to be derived therefrom. A sussipy of $50,000 has been granted by the Dominion Government towards establishing a fortnightly steamship service between Canada and France, the Canadian ports being Montreal in summer and St. John, N. B., and Halitax in winter. able business between these countries as a result of the new French treaty. The exports of lumber from Canada have increased, and with the additional facilities provided by a steamship service as above stated, there is reason to antici- There is already a prospect of consider- pate closer trade relations and more satisfactory returns to shippers. Tue lack of cleanliness around lumber camps is a matter to which Mr. John Simpson, superin- tendent of Algonquin park, draws attention in his annual report to the Commissioner of Crown Lands. The interior of the camps, he says, is left in complete chaos with old clothes, boots, straw, etc. Last spring an attempt at clearing one of the camps was made, but the filth was merely taken and dumped behind a rocky bluff at the back of headquarters. The question is one, we believe, to which too little attention has been given in the past, affecting as it does the health of workmen employed in the woods. Outbreaks of typhoid fever in lumber camps are quite frequent, largely the result, no doubt, of disre- gard of necessary sanitary precautions. Employ- ers and employees alike should feel an interest in this matter, and it is hoped steps will be taken to effect an improvement along this line in the future. It is a matter of regret that the past month has witnessed the destruction by fire of several large saw mills in Ontario, entailing a loss of upwards of $200,000. While in most cases the loss is largely, if not altogether, covered by insur- ance, the inconvenience caused is of considerable moment to the companies interested, who had completed arrangements for the season’s trade and had recently commenced sawing operations. In the case of the Hawkesbury Lumber Com- pany, who suffered the loss of three mills, the difficulty will be overcome by running the three remaining mills day and night for the balance of the season. The Imperial Lumber Company will take immediate steps to rebuild their mill at THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 4 ——- Warren, while a decision has not yet been reached by the Katrine Lumber Company regard- ing the reconstruction of their mill. It is hoped that the owners will not be seriously handicapped by the unfortunate occurrences. CHANGE OF LOCATION. From every side expressions of regret are heard that the wholesale lumber firm of Donogh & Oliver have resolved upon taking their depar- ture from Toronto. Their new location will be North Tonawanda, N. Y., where they have leased the docks and yard of A. M. Dodge & Co., and will continue business under the style of the Donogh & Oliver Company. The change is simply the removal of their main office, now in the Board of Trade Building, to Tonawanda, as the office at the Northern docks in Toronto will be maintained. By this arrangement the mem- bers of the firm will be enabled to give their personal attention to their extensive hardwood trade in the east, while their western connection will not suffer by the removal. Their Buffalo yard was sold some time since to the Arthur Hill Company, of Midland. The loss sustained by the removal from Tor- onto of such well-known dealers is keenly felt by the trade. During the many years of their busi- ness life in Toronto, the members of the firm have always been recognized as honorable and reliable in all dealings, and this has secured for them an extensive connection. The LUMBERMAN wishes them success in their new field. LUMBER ADVERTISING. To advertise or not to advertise—that’s the question. We shall, of course, maintain that it is a dividend-paying investment. You may not agree with this, and may, perhaps, think the motive which prompts the affirmative of the ar- gument is a selfish or mercenary one; but we shall immediately interpose an objection to the negative of the question on the ground that dis- believers pay but little or no attention to the de- tails of the business, and assume that because buyers do not come flocking after their goods, immediately after inserting an ad in a lumber journal, that advertising is a ‘‘dead horse,” and are, consequently, not qualified to judge of its true merits. There is a right way and a wrong way to ad- vertise, and the right way is what we shall, in a few words, consider. Every ailment demands a specific remedy, whether it be disease or bad trade. If you are sick, and call in the doctor, he doesn’t simply prescribe medicine ; but, after a thorough diag- nosis of your trouble, he decides what is the nature of your ailment, and orders a certain remedy to fit the case. Just so with advertising. If trade is dull, it will hardly be of much value to simply advertise your name and business— that’s too general. If you demand specific re- sults from your advertising, you have got to say something specific. For instance, here, you’rea lumber dealer; your running an ad in a lumber journal, but nobody seems to write you, asking for several car loads of lumber, and remarking that they know you’re in the lumber business because they saw your name in the paper. The result is, after awhile you begin to think adver- tising don’t pay just because buyers don’t keep telling you that they read your ads every week. If you wish to be reminded of the fact that your ads are read, just put out a ‘‘ feeler” in the shape of something the market is short on, and inform buyers that you have the article demanded, for sale, ata bargain, perhaps. You need hardly expect a department-store bargain-counter rush, but the chances are that you will be convinced, in a substantial manner, that people do read ads. If you have a particularly fine lot of piece stuff, say so in your ad, give the dimensions and the amount you have to offer, and if there is any- thing in the way of ‘‘inducement,” let your ad tell it to prospective buyers. If there is any reason why it should be taken in preference to any of the thousand-and-one other stocks of piece stuff, tell what that reason is. If you’re long on something which the market is short on, there’s just the opportunity you’re looking for; advertise the fact; tell it with a loud voice; let the people know it. Somebody, from some- where, will want to know more about it, and will write you. Then—well! then it’s your busi- ness to sell it. goods. with buyers. Don't depend on your ad to sell It only gets you into communication Suppose to-day you have half a million feet of 6-inch No. 2 fencing, 16-foot lengths, don’t it seem reasonable to expect that, under present market conditions, it would be easier to interest buyers in 16-foot boards than it would be to get them to read a lot of stuff about ceiling, siding and finish, or high grades, lowest prices and prompt shipments ? Certainly it would. Change your ad to fit the markets, if you want the best results. The market is usually up or down on certain grades, giving opportunities to spring its ‘‘short” features to good advantage in your ad. Lumber stocks throughout a certain territory are to a greater or less extent alike, and it’s a little difficult, sometimes, to find ‘‘ features” in the different stocks to attract buyers from all of the other stocks to your particular stock, but if you can name no reason which will conserve their interests in coming your way, how can you expect that they are going to single you out from the whole lot of manufacturers as the possessor of the best advantages? No! You can’t expect it. You'll just simply have to take your chances with the rest, and miss a good many sales which you could coax your way by offering as a specialty some particular grade of stock which you very well know the market demands. When the advertising solicitor comes around and expatiates on the benificent effects of adver- tising, he uses his best argument to sell his space. Do you buy it just to please him, or do you really expect it will profit you? If the latter, then why not give it a fair show to prove its meritorious qualities? Your salesman can’t sell lumber by simply calling on the retailer, telling him he represents so-and-so, and asking him what he wants He’s got to do some talking, use some argument; and usually, a good deal of it too. Then how do you expect an ad, which only says you have a big stock of everything, is going to breed results ? When you try to talk the dollars out ofa man’s pocket, whether by salesman or advertise- ment, you’ve got to get right down to business, and use the hottest arguments you can command. High grades, low prices and prompt shipments won’t do. Everybody claims that, and it seems like a sort of tail piece, just fired on to finish up every ad written, and has no specific value. If you demand specific results for your advertising, make specific offers and make them every week. —Mississippi Valley Lumberman. 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Wuo thought for a moment, when the wooden rim for bicycles was in its experimental stage, that the lumber trade would ever be affected by its adoption. Yet the bicycle has become so general that no small quantity of rock elm and maple is required in the manufacture of rims, and I know one dealer in particular who is supplying large quantities of such stock for this special purpose, and I have reason to believe that he is realizing a snug little sum thereby. * * * Mr. Davin McLaren, a leading lumber mer- chant of Ottawa, who spent the greater part of last winter in England, states that the outlook for the lumber trade across the Atlantic is good. Stocks are lighter than usual at this season, and the demand excellent, with prospects of a con- tinued good consumptive demand. There ap- pears to be a better feeling over there, that mani- fests itself in increased business generally. Mr. McLaren states that he found a very strong feeling in London in favor of drawing the mother country and her colonies closer together. The expression of loyalty by the colonies during the recent war scare made a strong impression. * * * ‘‘ LUMBER is just now in a transition state,” said a keen observer of lumber matters with whom I conversed recently. ‘‘A few years ago,” he added, ‘‘quality was subordinate to quantity, and the mill man endeavored to cut as large a stock as possible with little regard to efficiency. But times are changing, and where a manufacturer formerly cut six or seven million feet, probably nearly all of one length, the wise mill man now prefers to have one million feet, which he cuts to special lengths and sizes to meet the requirements of the market. I must admit, however, that Canadian mill men have been somewhat slow in realizing the necessity for this change, and many of them have not yet learned the advantages to be derived from greater care in the manufacture of stock. In this respect the manufacturer in England is entirely different. There everything is sawed to special lengths. Just to give you an instance of what is required by the English market, at one time a gentleman was taking out a quantity of stock in the Georgian Bay district for that market, and all strips over three feet in length were cut to half- foot sizes and tied up in bundles of 25 each. Of course he got a good price, and could afford to take the trouble. Another point which I might point out,” said my informant, ‘‘is the necessity for sawing off cull ends of boards. If a board has, say, two feet of cull lumber on the end, it should be sawed off, as the customer to whom it is shipped is obliged to pay freight thereon, while the lumber is of no value whatever. Manufac- turers are also experiencing an demand for thin stock, and few have apparatus to manufacture it. When it comes down to % inch, it requires a very rigid saw frame to prevent springing.” increasing . Mr. C. M. Beecher, of Vancouver, B. C., and one of the leading lumber dealers of the Pacific Coast, visited the eastern provinces last month. Mr. Beecher is a nephew of the late Rev. Henry Ward Beecher. Interviewed by a representative of the press, Mr. Beecher remarked that when he left home no less than fifteen ocean-going vessels were lying in the harbor of Vancouver, loading cargoes of lumber and other western products for foreign ports. ‘‘A cable,” said he, ‘from Vancouver to Australia and the Orient would give a wonderful impetus to the lumber trade, as the British Columbia dealers would then be in a position to communicate daily, at a comparatively low rate, with the island continent, and both countries would no doubt be very largely benefitted. Iam a firm believer in pre- ferential trade between the colonies themselves as well as with Great Britain. I believe that were such a policy as that outlined by Sir Charles Tupper, now Prime Minister of Canada, carried into effect, that the progress of the Dominion of Canada during the next decade would be far ahead of any material advancement made in the United States during the last fifty years. I have no hesitation in saying that if Australia were to impose a duty of one dollar per thousand on lumber produced outside the colonies, it would start every saw mill in the province of British Columbia, and give new life to the whole of Western Canada; where we now ship fifteen million feet, our yearly export would go to forty million at a single bound, and I need not tell you what this would mean to all branches of trade on the Pacific Coast.” Mr. Beecher stated that his firm sell lumber all the way from the Atlantic to the Pacific, three million feet going yearly to one town in Nova Scotia alone. They also purchase machinery from Nova Scotia, which goes to show that interprovincial trade is steadily on the increase. * * * WHEN I met Mr. John Gray, lumber merchant, of Toronto, he had just returned from the Nipis- sing district. He informed me that the water in the rivers in that section was as low as is usual in July, and prospects were not very bright for getting the logs out. While admitting that it was rather discouraging to lumbermen to have their logs hung up after getting them out of the woods, Mr. Gray remarked that ultimately it would be a benefit to the trade. ‘‘ Some of the mills,” he remarked, have large stocks of old lumber on hand, and in some cases the cut of ’94, which | think will shortly require to be re- piled, is still at the mills. The trade is very quiet at present, the great trouble being with the lower grades of pine. marketable, as I believe there is nothing to take the place of white pine for certain purposes. On a recent visit to Philadelphia I found I could sell all the No. 1 grade I could send along, but when it came to culls, spruce and hemlock were being used largely instead. LLumbermen made a great mistake in cutting their limits. Some years ago they went through them and cut all the best pine, leaving the cull trees, and now when the lower grade lumber is manufactured, there is little or no demand. Had they reversed the order of things they would have been millionaires to-day.” Mr. Gray is also interested in timber limits, and took occasion to remark upon the low price at which spruce limits could be obtained. A gentle- No. 1 cuts are always JUNE, 1896 man who had recently been offered the option of the purchase of a limit in New Brunswick, esti- mated that at the price at which the limit was offered, the lumber could be laid down in New York at $6 per thousand. ‘‘ And,” he added, ‘there is a considerable advantage in manufac- turing spruce deals for the English market, as any cull stock can be utilized in the manufacture of pulp.” * * * A GENTLEMAN from the west with whom I had the pleasure of -an interesting chat recently, was Mr. Wm. Margach, Crown Timber Agent for the Rainy River district, whose headquarters are at Rat Portage. Of the future prosperity of the western country no one is more sanguine than Mr. Margach, and no one, perhaps, is better acquainted with its resources. ‘‘ The lumber- men of the west,” said he, ‘‘ have experienced a better demand for lumber since the beginning of the year than for the past three or four years, and as our market is entirely in Canada and depends largely on the grain production of the North-west, present indications point to a good year. You are, of course, familiar with the Government system of granting timber licenses. Lumber operators employ scalers to measure the logs after being cut, their measurement being checked by Government officials. It is my duty to see that proper returns are made to the Gov- ernment. The boundaries of my district are the Ontario boundary line on the west, the United States boundary line on the south, the line between Thunder Bay district and Rainy River on the east, and James Bay on the north. The distance is about 200 miles from east to west, and between 100 and 150 miles from north to south. The timber is pine, spruce and tamarac. In the valley of the Rainy River, which is 80 miles in length, there are to be found immense quantities of spruce. I am quite familiar with the greater part of Ontario, and from my know- ledge I believe there is more spruce timber in the Rainy River valley than in all the rest of Ontario. The country offers the best of facilities for the manufacture of pulp, spruce being a natural product of the flat lands, which are about half covered with water, and which means that many water powers are available. There are large rivers, such as the Kaministiqua, the Wabigon and the Eagle, while at the Lake of the Woods the Keewatin Power Company have expended upwards of one million dollars in developing the water power. At Sault Ste Marie, where the finest pulp mill in Ontario has been erected, there are considerable quantities of spruce, but it is only a matter of a little time until it becomes exhausted, and thereafter the Rainy River valley must furnish the supply. The spruce industry is only in its infancy, and the next few years will witness great developments in connection with the utilization of this wood.” Mr. Margach remarked that the output of logs in his territory _ during the past winter had been quite large, in fact considerably in excess of the previous winter. Mining operations, he said, were also quite active, and were resulting in the consump- tion of no small quantity of lumber. Canada exports several million dollars’ worth more lumber to the United States each year than to Great Britain. The value of Canada’s forest products is about $80,000,000 per annum, of which nearly 70 per cent. goes - into local consumption. al MO AUTOMATIC BLIND SLAT TENONING MACHINE, This machine is automatic, the work to be finished being simply placed in the hopper. The machine, taking each slat in turn separately, cuts it to accurate length, and cutting away the surplus wood leaves a small round smooth tenon at each end. This finished slat is thrown from the front, where it may be caught in a box or basket, while another slat takes its place and is operated on in the same manner. The waste cuttings, which vary in length, are caught on the incline and carried to the back of the machine, where they may be disposed of. The sawdust is caught and controlled for disposal by the hoods, BLIND SLAT TENONING MACHINE. which completely cover the saws. The operator sorts and piles the slats in the hopper and the machine finishes them at the rate of 2,500 per hour. The method employed and the construc- tion of the machine insure a large amount of perfect work. The slats are of an accurate length and the tenons round and true. THE DANGERS OF BELTING. PROBABLY few persons, whether mechanics or not, realize how many accidents occur in connec- tion with belting, and how many of these acci- dents are fatal, says the American Machinist. With a full appreciation of the dangers of steam boilers, circular saws, cheap elevators and simi- lar terrors of the mechanical world, the belt seems to be able to hold its own with any of them as an agent of destruction. As belts are in use wherever machinery turns, so the accidents caused by them are distributed over the whole land, and no complete record of them is ever compiled, no comprehensive view of their malignant work is ever obtained by any in- dividual; but, wherever one may live, he will find the local press occasionally telling of one of these casualties, usually—with horrifying details of whirling limbs and scattered brains. These belting accidents are, as a rule, usually the result of carelessness or ignorance, the latter case too often meaning the carelessness of an- THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 y i other who has permitted the ignorant exposure. After nearly every accident it might be truthfully remarked that it need not have occurred, and that it would not have occurred, if everything had been all right, and if someone had not done wrong. Belting accidents do not occur where belts are running steadily and where they are left alone. They never chase their victims, but they do sometimes suggest the existence of some power of fascination to draw the them. innocent toward When a belt breaks while running, it usually simply drops down in a heap on the floor, although occasionally it winds around the run- ning shaft and catches a victim in its coils as it goes. _ When a belt is being thrown onto a pulley on a running shaft, when it is thrown off a running pulley, when it is dangling from a running shaft in the process of relacing or repairing—these are The responsibility for the events that occur is to be divided between the belt itself, burrs and rough spots upon the shaft, projecting set-screw heads, notches in the edge of pulleys, slipping ladders, loose clothing of workmen, and other particulars all more or less wrong in themselves. It is idle to think that the handling of belts in connection with running shafting can ever be stopped, any more than the starting of kitchen fires with kerosene can be stopped; but much may be done to make the practice less frequent, and to make it, when necessary, as safe as pos- sible. It is very remarkable that, with the great quantity of belting employed in every industrial establishment, it is so rare to find any man whose business it is to look after the belts and see that they are always in order, and if repairs, taking all times of danger. up or other adjustment is necessary, to do it at If belts are large enough to do their work without over- straining, the giving out and the handling of them during running hours would seem to de- times when the shafting is stopped. mand an explanation. Hiram Goo and D. B. Hoppins, of Delevan, N. Y., have patented a box nailing machine, comprising a carriage mounted to slide longitu- dinally, a rotary work holding device normally forward of the carriage, a tacking device on said carriage, and comprising mechanism for driving tacks in the overlapped ends of the hoop on the work-holding device, mechanism having connec- tion with the tacking device for imparting a step- by-step motion to the carriage, mechanism for rotating the work-holder, and a nailing mechan- ism comprising a plunger and nail guides or chutes for nailing the work after the tacking operation and arranged to drive nails in a line at right angles to the line of tacks. RECENT WOOD-WORKING PATENTS. Patents for wood-working machinery have been granted in Canada as follows : 4 MM al | nee w dS (a No FAA \\ il Gal ne oe ass ph MACHINE FOR MAKING STAVES. Patentee: John O. Storwick, Christiansund, Norway, granted 5th March, 1896; 6 years. Claim.—In a machine for making staves for _ casks, barrels, and the like, the combination with means for holding the wood blocks out of which the staves are cut, and a rotatable support or carrier for a number of such holders, of tools arranged around the said rotatable carrier and consisting of a hollow saw, a shaft carrying tools for crozing and cutting and bevelling off the ends of the staves, and a jointing device, said three sets of tools acting simultaneously upon three different wood blocks, and said carrier making one-third of a revolution each working period of said tools. In the combination with a rotatable carrier for the wood blocks of a barrel-formed saw for cutting staves out of the blocks, said saw being keyed to a shaft that has its bearings on a carriage which works up and down on curved guides, so that the cutting section of the saw during the movement of the carriage describes an arch which is a continuation of the curve representing the longitudinal shape of the saw. SSA [E ie \F nG ZZMA VLZZBy YL FAS Box MAKING MACHINE. Patentee : Abner Carey, Cairo, Illinois, U. S., granted 17th March, 1896 ; 6 years. Claim.—In a box making machine, comprising a top plate having transverse slots, and clamping bars held movably in the said top plate, to clamp the parts of the box in place, and a table arranged below the said top plate, for supporting the lower ends of parts of the box previous to being clamped by the said clamping bars, with means substantially as described, for simultane- ously moving the said clamping bars into and out of contact with the parts of the box to be held in position. LN el The strength of wood increases with its density. A cubic foot of the best cedar weighs 32 lbs. green and 28 pounds dry. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN twee June, 1896 NEW MACHINERY WORKS. THE new and commodious premises of the A. R. Williams | Machinery Co., Toronto, which are just being completed, are probably the most complete works of their class in the Domin- ion. The new building has a frontage 73 feet on Front street, and extends back a distance of 150 feet, being built on the north end of the same lot as originally occupied by the Soho works at the south end. It consists of five floors, the first or ground floor being on a level with the Esplanade, and the next floor on a level with Front street. The structure is substantially built of pressed brick. The offices on Front street will be con- venient and commodious, and much more accessible to the public than the quarters formerly occupied by the company. We understand the ground floor of the Esplanade property will be converted wholly into workshops, thus giving a very im- portant enlargement to this department. The second floor will be extended this summer to cover the whole of the old property, and will be connected with the Front street store. The business of this company has been greatly hampered for want of sufficient space, but with the present accommodation this difficulty will be overcome, and they will be enabled to classify their machinery upon the departmental principle. The first and most important department will be found on the Front street floor, and will cover the company’s large out- put of iron working tools and machinery, consisting of the pro- duce of their London tool works and other establishments whose output they control in this line, including lathes, planers, drilling and milling machines, shapers, gear cutters, etc. Another department will consist of cutting and drawing presses of all descriptions, their variety in this line covering the greater portion ofthe Bliss and Styles designs as built by the E. W. Bliss Co., of New York. The bicycle machinery emporium will con- stitute another important feature, consisting of tools and other special bicycle machinery, including the ‘‘Cowdrey” machines for’ making wood rims, automatic screwing ma- chines, lathes, shapers, friction drilling ma- chines, etc. One large department of their business will be occupied by planing mill and furniture factory machines of all descriptions, both new and second hand, while in the basement of the building on the Esplanade level will be located the engine and boiler department, or what might be termed ‘‘ power department,” es including water wheels, electric metors, boilers and engines of all descriptions— marine, stationary, upright, and portable. The machinery supply room will occupy the west side of the Front street floor. This department has grown to large pro- portions, and covers everything necessary in a machine shop, planing mill, furniture factory—in fact, all sorts of factories and factory supplies. The saw mill department will occupy the next floor off Front street, and will cover all classes of saw mill machinery of the latest and most approved designs. The shingle mill machinery will be located in a portion of the same floor, and will cover the new ‘‘ Boss” shingle machines, jointers, drag sawing ma- chines, and everything necessary to equip completely a first- class shingle mill. Contractors’ plant will constitute another branch, consisting of stone breakers, rock drills, boilers for same, hoisting engines of all descriptions, with or without boilers, pulsometers, etc. The pump department will be situated in a portion of the second floor, and will cover their line of duplex Worthington pattern steam pumps, with rotary pumps, pulsometers, etc. The brass working machinery will be another special feature, and will cover all the latest improved designs, both America and Canadian. : Shafting, hangers, and wood-split pulleys will constitute another large line ; while the belting department, covering the best Canadian and Scotch belting, must not be overlooked. This company are the representatives of the Cleveland Twist Drill Co., and in this department of their business they count among their customers the leading manufacturers of Canada. The above are some of the leading features, but do not by any means exhaust the list, as this company are prepared to supply machinery for all purposes. Their stock at Toronto, Montreal, Brantford, and London is very complete. The Montreal warehouses are located at 345 and 347 St. James street, and are finely equipped. They are under the able manage- ment of Mr. F. C. Wilson. The Brantford branch is located at 193 Colborne street, and under -the management of Mr. Robert Kerr, is doing well; while the London Machine Tool Co., at London, under the mechanical superintendence of Mr. William Yates, is kept busy in working upon ordered tools. This company is thoreughly Canadian in its composition and impulses, and although representing a few leading American firms in lines that are not manufactured in Canada, they are steadily encouraging the production of new goods from American and other first-class designs in Canada, and by’ Canadian mechanics. In fact, it appears to be their motto to have every- thing that it is possible to have produced in our own country, as they thoroughly believe it to be our patriotic duty to main- tain for Canadians the Canadian market ; especially as it is clearly evident to every observer that the American market is not to be opened to Canadian products, especially in the manu- factured or partially manufactured lines. On the whole, we believe this to be one of the most thor- oughly equipped machinery establishments in the Dominion or the United States, as they claim to occupy more floor space and cover a greater line of machinery than any other existing con- cern. NOVA SCOTIA NOTES. (Correspondence of the CANADA LUMBERMAN.] TuE bright prospects for getting logs down the streams have not been realized in many cases, as the snow gradually melted, with no rain, which is very unusual in this province. Conse- quently there has not been the usual spring freshet to enable the operators to stream drive, thus holding back a great deal of lumber. Water mills are already feeling the effect of a TORONTO HEAD OFFICE & FASTORY. = ie New Works OF THE A. R. WILLIAMS MACHINERY Co., TORONTO. short supply of water to saw even what logs were gotten to the mills. The prices for all lumber in the English, American, and other markets have held up well, and the millmen not being able to get out their logs and saw them will feel that it is a serious loss to them. As the lumber gets scarcer the loggers naturally have to go up the smaller branches of the rivers, and these are the places where the logs are stopped in most cases. Some of the larger mills have a small supply of logs at the mills and a reserve, so that they can be obtained with an ordinary spring rain. The farmers are also feeling the need of rain, and unless some comes soon farming operations will be at a stand-still. In my last notes I gave you a pretty full account of the mills on the south shore as far as Liverpool. Continuing along westward, we find I. G. Nicol operating at Mitchell Brook. He has about a million feet, which is to be sawn bya portable mill—a new departure in this section, there being only. three steam mills in about one hundred and twenty miles, or from Bridgewater to Tusket. Mr. Nicol has his lumber sawn principally for the South American and American markets, shipping direct from Port Joli, about one mile from the mill. He is also interested in and the manager of the Gold River Lumber Co., Gold River, an account of whose operations I gave in the April number. At Granite Village, three miles further west, - saw mill. Mr. Frank-G, Nicol has a water power circular His cut this year will be about six hundred thousand feet, also for the South Ameri- can and American markets. We Eresman, ort et has a water power gang and circular saw mill, with shingle machine, lath machine, and planers for finishing lumber ready for any market. He is getting out a lot of hemlock boards for the American market this season, besides spruce, which he saws into English deals. Mr. Freeman finds that the deal market is the most reliable in price, while the logs cut to best advantage with the least trouble. He will take out about two million feet of spruce and one million of hemlock and pine. The water power at Jordan River is a very fine and strong power, and no doubt will be utilized eventually for manufacturing pulp. Mr. Free- man lives at Shelburne, seven miles distant, and has telephones in his office and house which he finds a wonderful convenience. I must. diverge a little to say that the telephone system of the Yarmouth & Queens County Telephone Co. is a great success for the business men, in fact for all classes of the community, which is shown by the fact of it being a paying institution. Shelburne is the next town on the way west, and is a town with a history which would take more space than can be given here to do it justice, or to state the facts, some of which probably have tra- dition for their basis. It is one of the oldest, if not the oldest, towns of what may be called ‘‘ British Nova Scotia.” The har- bor was considered suitable for the British Navy, and was occupied by it for some time. The expectation of the residents of the town was that it would be made headquarters of the British forces in North America; in fact, the land for a mile or so was laid off into blocks with streets that are to be yet seen fenced, graded, and crossing each other at right angles, only wanting houses to make a town. If these expectations had been realized, Shelburne would have been, considering its situation as to harbor and surrounding country, the prettiest town in North America ; but their hopes were dispelled when the change was made to Halifax, tradition says through the personal pique of one of the commanding officers. Building was carried on extensively until wooden ships were discarded. Since then fishing vessels, yachts and dories have been built. Some of the vessels built there are now in the sealing trade in the north Pacific ocean. Fishery cruisers for the Government service have also had their first — baptism in Shelburne harbor—vessels noted for speed and good sailing qualities—Joseph McGill being the builder. One of the finest was the ‘* Agnes Macdonald.” In my next I shall touch on the lumber inter- ests of Shelburne. We ts Spanish mahogany weighs 53.25 pounds to the cubic foot. The Norway spruce, well dried, weighs 32 pounds to the cubic foot. Well-seasoned_ red_ hickory pounds to the cubic foot. weighs 62.37 ANADA WEEKLY “y |UMBERMAN EDITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages} si.oo rer year {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. Vo. Il. (CANADA [LUMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY C. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New Yorx Lire Insurance BvILDING, MontTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing ‘districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 2o-page journal, discuss- ‘ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. _ &® Subscription price for ‘the two editions for one year, $1.00. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to call at the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. We shall have pleasure in giving them any information desired. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and isset in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. OR SALE.—CEDAR POSTS, ETC. APPLY to S. R. Beeron, Minesing, Ont. FOR SALE. WO ALLIGATOR STEAM WARPING TUGS, in good working order. For pricesand particulars apply to Gitmour & Co., Trenton, Ont. SHIPPING MATTERS. The steamship Genia has arrived at St. John, N. B., to load deals. Bark Maiden City is chartered to take deals from St. John to Limerick at 41s. 3d. Steamship Nevada has been chartered to load dealsat St. John, N.B., for Liverpool, at 36s. 6d. Peter’s steam barge Saginaw, and consort Wm. Case, are loading lumber at Parry Sound, Ont., for Toledo. Lumber freights from British Columbia or Puget Sound are quoted as follows: Valparaiso for orders, 35s.; Sydney, 35s.; Melb6durne, 45s.; Port Pirie, 45s.; United Kingdom, call- ing at Cork for orders, 65s.; Shanghai, 50s. ; Tientsin, 56s. 3d.; South Africa, 57s. 6d.; San Francisco, $3.25 to $3.75; Buenos Ayres, 46s. 3d. BUSINESS DIFFICULTIES AND CHANGES, J. B. Tiernay, planing mill, Blyth, Ont., has been succeeded by M. Floody. Vincent, Gall & Rumball Co., lumber, New- holm, Ont., have dissolved. Galland Rumball will continue. The Donogh & Oliver Company, of N. Tonawanda, N. Y., has been incorporated, with a capital stock of $10,000. Directors : R. H. Silliman, John O. Donogh, and Jos. Oliver. TORONTO, ONT., MAY 27, 1896 JUDICIAL SALE OF LICENSES DAN THOR B Pursuant to the judgment inan action in the Common Pleas Division of the High Court of Justice for Ontario of Beck y. Spohn, et al, there will be offered for sale at public auction (with the approbation of the Local Master of said court at Barrie), by Messrs. Dickson & Townsend, Auctioneers, at their rooms, No. 22 King Street West, in the City of Toronto, Ontario, at the hour of 12 o'clock noon, on ‘Thursday, ihe Twenty-Third Day of July, 1896: _(A) The following Ontario Government Provincial timber berth licenses :— Parcel No, 1—License for berth No. 2 in the Town- ship of Finlayson, in the District of Nipissing; area, including road allowances, about 1034 square miles. Parcel No. 2—License for berth No. 3 in the Town- ship of McCraney, in the District of Nipissing ; area, including road allowances, about 11% square miles. Parcel No. 3—License for b rth No. r9 in the District of Rainy River; area, about +1 44-100 square miles. Parcel No. 4—License for berth No. 20 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 5 square miles. Parcel No. 5—License for berth No. 21 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 4 square miles. Parcel No. 6—License for berth No. 25 in the District of Rainy River; area, about rt square miles. Parcel No. 7—License for berth No 27 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 7 square miles. : Parcel No. 8—License for berth No. 65 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 7 square miles. Parcel No. 9—License for berth No. 67 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 1% square miles. Parcel No. ro—License for berth No. 68 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 4 square miles. ALSO—(B) The following Dominion of Canada Government timber berth license :— Parcel No. 11—License for berth No. 292, situated on the north fork of High River, in the District of Al- berta; area, about 47 8-100 square miles. TERMS OF SALE. Each parcel will be offered separately and subject to a reserved bid fixed by the said Local Master. The biddings will be of a price per square mile. The license of each berth will be sold subject to the various conditions contained or to be contained therein, and to the various statutes, orders in Council, regula- tions, dues and conditions now affecting or which may hereafter be passed or imposed affecting the same. The price will be computed according to the areas stated above, and no allowance will be made for short- age or for water or for road allowances. No error in any of the above descriptions or in any map exhibited by the Vendor’s Solicitors shall annul the sale, nor shall any compensation be allowed in respect thereof. Ground rent and Government dues will be apportioned to the date of sale and assumed by the purchaser from the date of sale. No timber on any berth shall be cut until the purchase money of the license thereof bas been paid in full. The purchaser shall at the time of sale pay down a deposit in proportion of $25 for every $100 of the pur- chase money, and shall pay the balance into court with- out interest to the credit of this cause, within thirty days after the sale. The parties to the action, including the Vendor, shall be at liberty to bid. The other conditions of sale will be the standing con- ditions of the court. r Maps of the berths may be seen at the offices of the Vendor's Solicitors. Further particulars may be had from Messrs. BLAKE, LASH & CASSELS, Canadian Bank of Commerce Building, Toronto, Vendor's Solicitors, and Messrs. M’CARTHY, PEPLER & M’CARTHY, Solicitors, of Barrie. Dated at Barrie this third day of December, A.D. 1895. J. R. COTTER, Master. No 21. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. From every section comes the report of quiet trade. Early in the month of May there was experienced some demand from retail yards for stocks for the spring trade, but now that these have been partially supplied, and retail dealers throughout the province are adverse to stocking heavily, a quieter feeling prevails with re- spect to the localdemand. The principal call is for barn stock and general building supplies. In long bill stuff there 1s a fair demand. From the United States there has been little call for lumber, although some representative dealers have lately been looking over stocks with a view to purchase, provided the figure is placed low enough to meet their requirements. In hardwoods the demand is well dis- tributed, but of small volume. Consider- ing the demand and size of stocks, it is encouraging to note that the mill men of Ontario are holding firm to prices. This will enable them to secure a fair figure when the market improves. As competi- tion from Southern pine has been keenly felt by Ontario manufacturers, on account of the disposition to sell regardless of price, it is pleasing to note the movement to form an association in the south to con- trol the output, the main object of which will be to secure more remunerative prices: If successfully carried out, it should result beneficially to the lower grades of white pine, which of late have been largely re- placed by the Southern product. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. While the outlook for the lumber drives of New Brunswick has improved since our last report, it is now quite certain that some of the logs will be tied up, although the quantity is not likely to be large. On the Upper St. John river the greater num- ber have already reached safe waters, and all the logs along the Tobique have reached the main river. There is a con- siderable quantity hung up on the Nepisi- quit. In Quebec the drives are said to be in an uncertain state. In quite a num- ber of the rivers on both sides of the St. Lawrence several days’ continuous rain will be required to drive the logs to the mill. The spruce market continues firm, with a probability of a further advance in prices before the summer season has passed. Before the first of July most of the wintering stock will certainly be shipped, and probably a large portion of the early cut. Consequently the available supply will be small, and a brisk demand would enable holders to secure even higher prices than those ruling at the present time. First quality pine deals, which were in little demand earlier in the season, have improved, while the lower grades are also selling well. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. The mills of British Columbia are ac- cumulating no stocks of lumber, the pro- duct being disposed of almost as soon as manufactured. This fact is going a long way towards maintaining the firm tone cf the market, and enables manufacturers to obtain the advanced prices recently placed upon the product by the Central Lumber Company. Shipments to foreign ports are being made regularly, while new vessel charters are reported each week. Twelve vessels are loading lumber on foreign account at the various ports of the province, their points of destination being well distributed. R. P. Rithet & Co. re- port the demand for lumber tonnage to be widening, although freight rates remain at the same level, and one or two charters are reported for rather unusual destina- tions. Crop prospects in Manitaba con- tinue to brighten, while the local lumber consumption is assuming larger propor- tions than was anticipated earlier in the season. UNITED STATES. A review of the leading markets of the United States reveals the fact that lumber has shown no increased activity during the past week. Apart from special grades, and these only in certain markets, the trade is unsatisfactory and below what might reasonably be expected at this sea- son of the year. Uncertainty has char- acterized business thus far this season, a week of increased trade often being fol- lowed by a very quiet one. The lower grades of white pine are sluggish, with large stocks in hands, and little prospect of any demand which would materially decrease the quantity, even if offered at a reduced price. Some buying is being done to replenish yard stocks, but it is not large enough to influence the market. The car trade has shown the greatest im- provement, some dealers having disposed of good-sized lots. The inquiry for red and quarter-sawed oak is the feature of the hardwood market, very light stocks being held, for which good figures are asked. Basswood is moving freely, while there is also some call for finishing stock. Birch is dull, especially the plain variety. In the sash and door industry disappoint- ment prevails thiough lack of develop- ment. Car load purchases are very rare, orders being of a hand-to-mouth character. At Philadelphia there is a stir in yellow and white pine among contractors, who, - < ‘ > ee Sees a ray J * ry he eed a hee ‘ ‘ realizing that the building season is to be an average one, are purchasing in advance _ of present requirements. In Boston, apart from quartered oak and spruce, there is little activity. White pine has remained firm, but the amount of business has not __ added strength to the market. There is, perhaps, more life exhibited at Michigan points than has been the case since the opening of the year, especially in the yard _ trade, which is looked upon as indicative of a rising demand in the country. A re- port of some demand for pine comes from Buffalo, but prices leave a very small mar- gin of profit. The demand is said to be irregular. FOREIGN. The British market has been rather more quiet, although values have not de- _ clined. Consumers have apparently been ___ holding off in the hope of a drop in prices, _ but a study of the conditions indicates that this is not likely to be the case, cer- tainly not until the season is well ad- vanced. At many points there is a __ shortage of stocks which must keep prices firm for some time. There is a very good Inquiry for batten and scantling sizes, and dealers are experiencing difficulty in filling orders. Floorings are also firm, and ___ show no indication of weakness. Export- ers have large orders on hand which it _ will take some time to fill. Planed boards are also a firm commodity, and those _ ready for shipment are commanding 3 higher prices. At Liverpool the arrivals __ have consisted chiefly of spruce deals and birch planks, which are finding a ready market. At the auction sale of Foy, _ Morgan & Co., London, Canadian goods were represented by a few lots of 3x11 Ist pine regulars, which sold at £22 5s., 3x11 2nd ditto, at £15 1os., and 3x9 3rd ditto, at £8 10s. The hardwood trade is some- what limited, and mostly confined to small lots. There is activity in the ship- building industry, which is improving the demand for lumber required for that pur- pose. STOCKS AND PRICES. is CANADA. G. O. Buchanan, of Kaslo, B. C., has a stock of 1,500,000 feet of logs for sawing. Hy. Hiese, of Preston, Ont., reports a de- mand for shingles. He is selling a mixture of Ist and 2nd cedar at $2. Dan O’Connor’s saw mill at Echo Point, _ Ont., is now running to its full capacity, turn- ‘ing out 30,000 feet of lumber daily. The first consignment of 250,000 ties pur- _ chased on Manitoulin Island last winter by G. H. M. Baker, arrived at Collingwood last week. __ P. Potvin, of Midland, reports that the out- put of logs this year will be 60,000,000 ft. from _ Byng Inlet and 150,000,000 from French river. ¢ Geo. B. Dunn estimates that 5,000,000 feet of logs will go out of the Aroostook river, N. B., this spring, as against 30,000,000 feet hereto- fore. _ The Yarmouth Herald says the lumber business seems brisker on the Clyde river, N. S., this spring than for many years. Three - cargoes have already gone, viz., the schooners Elnora, Manzanilla, and Coral Leaf, the two 2 former to Lynn and the latter to Boston. The Elnora has returned and is again loading for the same place. The schr. Roseneath has also gone to Boston with a load of lumber from Jordan river. Smith & Patterson, of Port Hope, will handle 2,000,000 feet of lumber for J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls, to be shipped to Oswego. About a million feet of lumber is hung up about the South Branch Falls, N. B,, compris- ing all the logs cut at South Branch lake the past winter. The Smith Brothers have their drive out. Playfair’s barge and tug line has the contract from the Rathbun Company to carry about 200,000 ties from Manitoulin this season. Most of the ties will be delivered at Midland for shipment by rail. UNITED STATES. The Saginaw Salt and Lumber Co., of Saginaw, Mich., have so far this month dis- posed of 3,000,000 feet of lumber. John McAlpine, of Ashland, Wis., has sold 6,000,000 feet of logs to the South Shore Lum- ber Company, of Washburn, at $8 per thousand. A. Tyler, of North Tonawanda, N. Y., has purchased the dry stock of the R. D. Pike Lumber Co., of Ashland, Wis., at $15.50 per thousand. A sale of lumber reaching $60,000 has just been completed between Perley, Lowe & Co,, of Marinette, Wis., and A. S. Kibbee & Son, of Albany, N. Y. There was 3,000,000 feet in the lot. About 1,000,000 feet was also dis- posed of by the same firm to the John Spry Lumber Company, of Chicago. THE UPPER ST. JOHN DRIVES. The following particulars of the lumber drives on the Upper St. John river, N. B., were collected May 20th, by Mr. A. E. Han- son, of Connor’s Station : McIntosh & Kilburn’s drive of 9,000,000 ft. , for W. H. Murray, is at Simmon’s Farms, 40 miles from corporation Jimits, with the excep- tion of 2,500,000, which are hung up at the Northwest Rapids, St. John river. W. J. Noble’s drive of 8,000,000, for Cush- ing & Dickey, is hung at Red Pine Grove, 80 miles from limits, with the exception of 1,500,- ooo Jeft in Burnt Land brook. Tower Bros., for F. H. Eaton, with 3,500,- 000, are tied in Chememsicook stream. Gilman Bros., for W. H. Murray, 7,500,000, are still in Black river, 30 miles from limits, with small hopes of getting through. John Sweeney, for King Bros. and J. A. Morrison, with 6,000,000, is at Poplar Island bar, 9 miles from limits, with good prospects. Flavien Cheonard, for W. H. Murray, with 3,000,000, at head of Big Rapid, 6 miles from corporation limits ; prospects good. John Stevens, for E. L. Jewet, with 3,000,- 000, at Allegash Falls; good prospects of getting into limits. Cunliffe Sons, for W. H. Murray, with 6,- 000,000, about 10 miles from Allegash Falls, with prospects good of getting into corporation limits. Guy McCallum and Morrison Bros., for Miller & Woodman, and Oliver Genrette for W. H. Murray, combined drives of 9,000,000, in St. Francis river, with fair prospects of getting into corporation limits. FISH RIVER. Laliberte’s drive of 2,000,000, on Wallagrass, for George E. Barnhill, is likely to reach the corporation limits about the 26th inst. Page & Mallet’s drive of 4,000,000, for Miller & Woodman, is safe to reach the limits about June 1, except 1,000,000 hung up in the Red river and Penington brook. Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps fora copy of the LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPECTION BOOK, containing rules for the inspection of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Jo You Use Mahogany ? If so don’t buy until you have seen or inquired about our now famous . . “i Importers and Manufacturers | TABASCO MAHOGANY | Finest figured wood on the market ; is hard and takes elegant finish. __ est prices in Europe, but we sell here about same prices as ordinary mahogany. _ Specially adapted for fine cabinet and interior finish 5 "i LAWRENGE & WIGGIN. Brings high- BOSTON, MASS. THE SITUATION. a REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF THE “WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” The Hamilton Cigar Box and Packing Case Co., who do a retail lumber trade, report prices low and trade fair. The box trade is good. J. D. Roche, Masham Mills, Que.: Stocks are moving freely, especially 3 inch deals, and prices are firm. Large stock of coarse lumber on hand. N. Wenger & Bro., Ayton, Ont.: Soft elm is in most demand. Have recently made sales of 1 car soft elm, at $11, and 2 cars common maple, at $6, f.o.b. Ayton. Jno. Gillies, Preston, Ont.: Although prices are difficult to maintain, business is fairly good. The town is doing a lot of building in a small way, and the outlook is fair. T. Kribbs, Hespeler, Ont.: Business is fairly good and prices are much the same. _ Prospects are fair, as much small building will be done. Will cut 800,000 feet this year, and import a large quantity. Hon. J. K. Ward, Montreal: The retail business is fairly good, 3 inch culls and common lumber being in most request. Good spruce lumber is advancing in price, but common pine shows a tendency to decline. D. Atchison & Co., Hamilton, Ont.: We have only lately opened up our yard and fac- tory, and find business a little dull. Sashes and general building stuff are in slight demand, and business may improve as the season advances. Robert Watt, Wiarton, Ont.: Stocks are moving actively. An shipping 40 to 50 cars per month. Hemlock for building timber re- ceives most call. Have recently sold a cargo of basswood. Stocks of hemlock on hand are large, and prices are declining, as some mill men are cutting prices. The Leishman, Maundrell Co., Woodstock, Ont.: Although inquiry for lumber is not brisk, stock plank and boards and building supplies are in fair demand. We sold a small cut of elm, No. rand 2, at $11. Very few logs were taken out in this section, and prices, if anything, are declining. T. & W. Flatt, foreign exporters of square timber, Hamilton, Ont., buy from Ohio and Michigan and ship direct to Great Britain. Their orders run from $30,000 to $80,000 each hipment. Prospects are fair, and from what they learn from their buyers in the United States, lumber may shortly improve. Millions of logs are stuck in the rivers of Michigan for want of rain. FIRES. Jasper Martin’s shingle mill at Hillsdale, Ont., was burned last week. Loss about $3,000; noinsurance. Mr. Martin will rebuild. The saw mill and brick and tile works of Jervis & Kellar, at Stratford, Ont., have been burned. Loss, between $3,000 and $4,000; partially insured. A saw mill at Norwood, N. S., owned by Capt. D. A. Saunders, together with 180,000 feet of lumber, has been burned. Loss, $4,500; insurance on mill, $1,300, on lumber, $1,000. The village of Deseronto, Ont., was swept by fire on the 26th inst. Mills, elevators, thousands of ties and pests, and millions of shingles, the property of the Rathbun Com- pany, were burned, together with many dwell- ings. The loss will be nearly $300,000. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way are as follows: Ottawa to Toronto, 10 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Buffalo, r2 cents per roo lbs.: Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per ron lbs. Ottawa to New York, water delivery, lots of five cars and over, $3.00 per M ft. ; under five cars, $3.25 per M ft. (subject to extra towage) 3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft. Arn- prior to New York, lots of five cars and over, $3.50 per M ft.; under five cars, $3.75 per M ft. (subject to extra towage) 3,000 Ibs and under per M ft. Ottawa to boston Lumber Go. Red Oak, Basswood, Black Ash, Soft Elm, Cedar Shingles, Correspondence Solicited. RONAN LINE CONNECTION—Canadian Pacific Railway ;. Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh; New York Central & H. R. Rd.; Ronan Line. $ South St., New York. Telephone 711 Broad. Boston, Portland and common points, local exports 13c, per roo lbs.; A | Boston, = Portland and common points, local 17 cents; export15 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents a roo lbs.; Ottawa to Albany, 10 cents per roo lbs. Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 100 Ibs. Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is ager Ibs., and rates quoted above are in cents per 100 Ibs., except when quoted per M ft. the mi-iimum carload charged is 10 M ft., lumber not exceeding 3,000 lbs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. Lumber ay rates for pine on the Grand Trunk Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Ofany intended change due notice will be given lumbermen. General instructions in shipping by Grand Trunk are . embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On lum- ji ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. per car, unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 lbs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light lumber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, then the actual weight only will be ag fe for, but not less than 24,- ooo lbs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not higher from an intermediate point on the straight run than from the first named point beyond, to the same des- 4 tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or - i worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, would not be higher than the specific rates named from Wiar- ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill and i Southampton to points east of Listowel and south and west of Stratford will be the same as from — = Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to be charged than as per mileage table published on page g Lee of tariff. 7 y —\ Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other we softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points + in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Penetang, === — Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- — —¥ bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst ’ > and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; Brace, i bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Nayor- _ Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- — riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, gc.; Nipissin Junction and North Bay, roc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c. Theserates are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville — are 7%c. per 100 lbs.;_ to Deseronto, gc.; to Brockville and Prescott, toc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, 11¢. ' rates on hardwoods average about from re. to 2¢. } Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on rai ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and o} valuable woods, application must be made to the district — freight agent. * ere On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pile and soft woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North oF to - Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, Fo 4 a gona, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- - sh to Toronto, 12c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From = Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, __ Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Centra Railways, the rate is 14%c. per 100 lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 Ibs., and : an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. \ MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods fromcertain pointsto Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are , y over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., ofthe G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : < z “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. 1st, 1895, a mod tion will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate willbe 7%c. pertoc Ibs from our Northern and Northwestern branches to J Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not — s apply from main line points and the straightrun be- é tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras - rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt, ri London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood * as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that * half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have . something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on beet i—-~ wood should not be as low ason pine. Itisunderstood = that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7c 838 from same points. , oe i y a Telephone 5332 Established 1852 JOHN B. SMITH & SONS, ; MANUFACTURERS OF © Sa Lath, Shingles, Doors, Sash, LUMBER Blinds, Mouldings, Boxes, &c. ; BILL LUMBER a Specialty To) we Cor. Strachan and Wellington Avenues, TORONTO. a - ae -« - 4 ul 2 ; MILs ae ar Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, —_— ~ inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other _ Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- — dressing ee ¢ HH. D. WIGGIN ; No 89 State St., Boston, Mass. — Inspection at mill. Wholesale Dealers in SPrHce .... ei No. 27 Kilbu St., BOSTON, MASS. HUDSON RIVER LUMBER TRANSPORTATION. Water Connection from Albany with lumber points in Canada via Canadian Pacific Railway to New York Harbor, Long Island Sound and inland waters of New Jersey... . OrFrices—Lumber District, Albany,~N. Y.; 20 PARKER C. RONAN, Manager. ea are me a ae + > 4 ow ‘ s ikl ‘CANADA 1 UMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. ie ' III. CANADIAN EXPORTERS «”° WHOLESALERS Thos. Meaney & Co. . London Canadian Chambers 103 Bay St. Toronto, Ont. Al M B c i MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. DONOGH & OLIVER °°°° | umber, Lath ana Shingles TORONTO : 204-205 Board of Trade Building. -:- BUFFALO : Dock foot of Hertel Avenue. Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : Wholesale Dealers in JVianvracrurers OF : E are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have LUMBER W for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also ——-. .. 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 1% in. wide. LATH axo SHINGLE fs) CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED THe PEMBROKE LUMBER 60.17. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. PEMBROKE, ONT 2 ge eS Write us for Quotations on all Bills Red Pine Dimension Logs, 2% 22 'sehe2.2 9 feet to suit purchaser, and would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at Spanish River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Rayside, C. P. R. Will have five to six million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on limit at Spanish River. And have about five million feet at mouth French River which could be delivered at opening of navigation . . +--+ +: + BOOTH & GORDON - __ Sudbury, ont, Manufacturers oft aman. ‘ WM. MASON & SONS . | | sstencs LUMBER | )JMENSION TIMBER “Sine SHINGLES We have the largest and best equipped Dimension Saw Mill in Eastern Canada. All our machinery is of the latest and most improved pattern, and we are prepared to quote prices on and supply at the shortest ree — FOR SALE een Eee — notice any orders that may be submitted to us. Address, P. 0. Box 1020, OTTAWA, ONT. IAS. G CANE & CO. wholesale HARDWOOD -.umoere 5 Adelaide East, Toronto, Ont. Send us full description and lowest price for any lumber you have for sale. TALS PLAY PATH & CoO. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER * LATH ° SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies —* MIDLAND, ONT BILL TIMBER a Specialty . VW A Small, Well-Assorted Stock of Dry 2in. Hemlock from 2 x 4 to 2 x 12—10ft. and up RRS SE State Lowest Price and when cut, | with sizes and quantity. The Reid Co. ’ Ltd. r) Toronto PACIFIC COAST LUMBER CO. MANUFACTURERS OF ..... British Golumbia Red Gedar Lumber and Shingles Kiln-Dried Bevel Siding, V Siding, Geiling, Wainscotting Door Stock, Base, Gasings, Mouldings, etc. We do accurate work and make reasonably prompt shipments. NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C estes 6, 8, 10 and 12 in. Box and Common all Sold LLL, STI HAVE A FEW GOOD MILL GULLS.. A A ea Our Mill is Running. t, Send Us Your Bills. a Also One Million Good Cull Shingles and = = S AEN AENSENES Two Million 4x18 in. mad i SESS GSES SY 4X1 ade from live Le pelo white pine. a OCAMDIES DV MAL PEXNIGHT BPO KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING SREETING ” ceitinc $20.00 ~OO— SAMPLES BIMAIL BEI eonistraitsnont FOREIGN EXPORTERS «” IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : :: : <( Red Oak, Soft Elm Basswood (all thicknesses) b>. Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. - Buffalo, N. Y- eee 0 o POOLE & AOTCAKISS © ° Wholesale Dealers in PINE ano HARDWOOD LUMBER Shingles and Lath Correspondence invited. 270 West Genesee St., BUFFALO, N. Y. Lumberman’s Inspection Book Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps for a copy of the LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET InsPECTION Book, containing rules for the Inspection of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the Leading Markets of the United States and Canada. The CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. Addre WILLIAM B. YOUNG =~ cect ty WHOLESALE DEALER AND MANUFACTURER ELM. BASSWOOD, BIRCA 4x» MAPLE Canadian mill men invited to offer stocks. -:- S88 Kent Ave., BROOKLYN, N.Y. Public Lumber Storage Yard, Brooklyn. Write us if you have any.... for immediate DRY SOFT ELM Siomen SCATCHERD & SON - 1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N. Y, W ANTED 4”, 134", 1%", 0”, 3” and 4” (sts and Qnds Grey Elm. Also 126” Rock Elm, Log Run. Please quote prices delivered Black Rock, Buffalo, N. Y. T.SULLIVAN & CO. © Buffalo, N.Y. BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER COMPANY 940 Elk St., BUFFALO, N.Y. 50,000 ft. 2in. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Soft Elm. \ WANTED { Pr 000 ft. 2% in. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Rock Elm. 100,000 ft. 1% in. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Soft Elm. Are also in the market as CASH BUYERS for other kinds of Hardwoods. 00,000 ft. Lin. Nos. 1and 2 and Common Rock Elm. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. =e CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY —oe~ Shortest and Quickest Route from Ottawa, Arnprior & Parry Sound Ru. OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE TTAWA & BOSTON LUMBER LINE CANADA ATLANTIC FAST FREIGHT LINE R. A. Carter, Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade, wt Montreal : _ Joun Smitu Ontario Agent Union Station, Toronto. PRIOR and all points on Grand Trunk Ry. TO. MONTRE TONAWANDA, ALBANY, & Y ST. JOHN, &c. " “TORONTO, QUEBEC, HALIFAX, C. J. Smitu General Freight Agent, Ottawa, Ont. OTTAWA, ROCKLAND, HAWKESBURY, mee BOSTON, PORTLAND, NEW YORK, perp, Capt. J. H. Witiiams, 16 Lumber Dist., Albany, N.Y. © Ottawa & New York Lumber Ling © GANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK CITY AND ALL POINTS REAGHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. “Wh 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y, EAHA fnew cama oo, [OH Williams! iby Sore OPP gat Soak <6 eRe Mates ia 7 ‘ ; > na Lele! tare ete Asal 3 i lV. j “ tts ie ; ai @ ANAD. a 2 ‘ ev Lath i M ibe ais 80 1co BLACK AND BROWN ASH. RT abaieer nee “| 322 ast & and, 8 inch up, 20 022 00 Com, & good culls 10 oo 12 45 “ EXG Gc'GINO. Es) ava 16 18 BIRCH. “J In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman ” TRONMGUNO BUEN Aye sie cd cca sa cleo he ae mae oie ace een 15 17 «it & ay 6 inch & ist & 2nd, white, 6in. & up, 18 00 -? z =e Mp, Led aiey sees 28 00 30 00| Com. & good culls..... 10 00 12 00 QUEBEC, QUE. : BELTING UEBEC, May 27, 1896. or Pt. 96. F : Ss Canadian mee ee pes zoronte aus Ne WHITE PINE—IN THE on. » May 27; rst & 2d, rock, 8in. & up, 18 00 22 00 1st & 2d, soft, 8in. & up, 16 00 18 00 McLaren, J. C. elting Co. ontreal an ‘oronto. cts. cis, t MAPLE. 4 Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. For interior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., ist & 2d, hard, 6in. & up 18 00 20 00 1st & 2d, soft, 6in.& up, 17 00 19 00 F Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. MMEASUTEG, Off 2s clive weia/en ale «lvle's ple eyes ele seis sie) niall sls/eleis/oue 16 @ 22 WHITE OAK. The Waterous Co., Brantford. For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 20 26 cep end las cl : For good and good fairaverage ‘ cs - 3 Has 63a Bi 3 BD aes | r = DRY KILNS Py For superior ‘ “ “ “ “ 39 40 in. & UP.....002se 20.00 28 00 $0. BB 26 soa Oe eeow 35 00 : McEachren Heating & Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont. In shipping order a ab a 66 ety AE beer 2 apa 2iste)siems 15 00 17 00| 1st & 2nd quartered, Parmenter, J. S., Flushing, N.Y. Waney board, 18 to 19 inch “ “ “ “ “ 36 © 42 OOM, CHES an aps ava 1000 1200] 61M. UP.....1.2506< 45 098 50 60m r The Emerson Co., Baltimore, Md. Waney board, 19 to2zinch =“ “ “ “ 38 4s Common quartered... 25 00 30 00 = RED OAK. INJECTORS ; ; , M pate a SSIS ES a ewe TSt & Onglcemes s sence John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. __ 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . . . «2t 23 Decking......... se« 44:00 50 50 eo a Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., Kingston, Ont. TAMARAC. 6 z SL Uo r - Darling Bros., Montreal. Squace, according to size and quality. . - .. +. +++ +37 I ¢ to.9In. +... pau + 14 00 14 50| 10 to12in........... 16 25 Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que., Flatted, “ “ CON ee ENC ne Se AC ee ES toI2in...... s+... 14 50 15 75|Lath....... teeeeee +» 1 85 DP Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. oak ‘Suane 9 TO ID IN... ese sane on 15 75 pepe eo +3 Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. F : F Sat EIN Ss ‘i - Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., } Bright, accorine to mill specification, $117 to $125 for 1st, $80 to $84 for 4/4 and thicker, No. 1 and 2 Black Ash, 10 to 16...-...-.+.+-+.-- 23 Small & Fisher, Woodstock, Ont. _ 2nd, and $42 to $45 for 3rd quality. é HS so Soft lim; name eneey Pe The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $42 to $45 for 1st, $2g to $30 oe « “ Hard Maple, “ . The Waterous Co., Brantford. for 2nd, $25 to $27 for 3rd, and $21 to $25 for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau. “ “ “« Bacew dada Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. ——— : Me “- Birch, SAGINAW, MICH. x : Black Ash, Com. and Shipping Cull, M.C.O... RAILWAYS Pere Marquette Railroad. Sacinaw, Mich., May 27, 1896. Be - Pied Mivple am = i - Illinois Central R.R. 5 f ; f UPPERS Ae ee : 5 rs PS ees: y Y ES ppers, 1 in., 10 in, and up elects, rin., 8in. and up wide $40 00 irc i SAW MANUFACTURERS iecmtavont Be aa a eth $45 0c 1, 1% anda2in.....++ saws 4X 100 j ees urns, E.R.,% +) ’ . 14%,1%and 2 in é 00)|) 2 amd Sac male euee 0° Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, ein ont os a ey hoeee ; Be 00 ae a3 ) sae eovetinels iets eetare at 00 ALBANY, pee — Mi i wa Saw : < Die aradonncacansonatcce 6 LBANY, N. Y., May 27, 1896 Robertson & Co., James, Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N.B. gun Oa ¥ —_—_ 9 a, zee —_ . 5 A 4's ¥ is 2. ATs WEP is che ae die one Dressi narrow.... ‘ SPLIT PULLEYS ; ; 1 in,, 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 234 and 3in., 8in, and up wide 42 oo 2 ge Fi ae A Wer lets chiepine igaples Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. 1%, 1% and 2in..........0. 30 001) dle se ea asceeeeht ton eae 45 00 toe atin. ates eee sees 45 48] Box boards. 7) (0). ete eeme aa Fleming, W. A., Montreal, Toronto and Ottawa. B FINE COMMON OR NO. I CUTTING. one ORDERS sonnee ets 50 52 | x0-in. dressing and better... 26 2 WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS ae be oa up wide...... 23 50 | 2¥% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 37 oo oe 2% pitied Seay re 48 2 ere dressitig onal bestest ad S Donogh & Oliver, Toronto. TI 5 DIANE 2AMG arse hetsrcialals)ete 3 SOO!) 4 1 Whats fair aes sid ae aa e tetera eee 40 00 Rise comion EPP ae see Gomnnneeee Peak a 6 Shier, J. D., Bracebridge, Ont. ins hed a , IN eee H. Ds Boston, ‘Mass. , STRIPS, A ANDB (CLEAR AND SELECTS). ; — ‘ ane es ice eee 36 40| No. x barn, rxr2..... trees a = G 1% in., 4,5 and 7 in. wide... 34 0o|1in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 Q 9 EOE ee oles 25°35} =XEO) sae se eeee ee f , i 2 7 N 3 8 y MISGELLANEOUS Gln: WIder...vaiseneesie sere 36:00) | 64ns wider. ..~ seresencsaleies 36 00 No Zeer ici R av > oo tae seseeseee ceeees 16 18 Axes, Campbell Bros., St, John, Be B. A FINE COMMON OR C. Ne see tozin..... a 36 1X10... AK Z - ee aie cna eet Rear neys Bene On "Ont r¥ in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide...... 30 00 | 1 in., 6 in. wide............. 30 00 $= No, 2 molding, 1 to2in..... 25 28 |. ‘1x8... ?..4:0.0qe een mee Gan. Photo Engraving Bureau aPOROHTOMOTte: y Tiny 4) 5 Wades ties ieee 25 00 Stained ‘sapsin is. eal dass ee 20 | Shaky or star clear, 1 to 2in. 19 2 Cant Dogs, Walter McFarlane, St. Marys, N. B. SELECTED NO. 1 SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. eee Bia Sans tants rei —— testes cereeeeees 16 18 Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. ri{in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 00| rin., 4, 5, 6 in. wide........ 22 00 ug aie. GN. Go Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroxe, D NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING : - Maenolia Metal Co., New York. ‘ d . pas p Panne! che wie ccsierstyeraeeties eee $2 25 | Spruce ..... hae ee Jdvminease Sek OD Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. 1in., 4,5 and 7 im .....-..++ 16 oo | 1in., 4,5 and 7in........... I5 00 SHINGLES. : : Metal Roofing, Pedlar Metal Roofing Co., Oshawa, Ont. rhb OiWenngnacchoucoosnan LUA \eoM|| eatin (oh behamaacr dopo ane shor 17.00 Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30 | Bound butts, 6x18 ....$6 ao $6 15 Patent Medicines, Ripan’s Chemical Co., New York, N.Y. SHELVING. Clear bnttse 4 imeenins 3 25 3 35 | Hemlock 00.00... eee Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. : No. 1, 1 in., 10 in. stocks.... 25 00 | No. 2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 oo Smooth, 6x18....... 5 4° § 50 | Spruce -c..neir eae +4 @ RO. 2 ga Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. rin., ro in. and up wide... 26 00] tin., roin. stocks......... 2I co ; ch tin,, 12 in, stocks......... 29 00 TM, T21ns Stocks, v2 2.26 24 00 OSWEGO, N.Y> ~ WHOLBSALE PRICBS CURRENT. 1 in., 10 in. and up wide.-. 23 00 1 in., 12 in. and up wide... 30 00 rin., 13 in. and up wide... 25 00 iin. 1% and 2in., 8in. and A, 4 , Usweco, N. Y., May 27, 1896. WHITE PINE. .f LIP WIGS is a'a\p abetseieiale erie 29 00 bbe Ss aus) i - TORONTO, ONT. coh HOARE SV GRISECCHS Three uppers, 1 Ay ti and 2 anchivo. sweeter Faea he see 00@46 00 Toronto, May 27, 1896. N Pickings, ne - «s+ 36.00 38 co ’ 7) . Ou Ey TZ ANS a eyainselalule sare stp nr eie No. 1, cutting up, ‘ ce 0 3 ) ; CAR OR CARGO LOTS. 10 FAR AM bots masala, No. 2, cating ae Ls 6 keno la a 14, 1% and 2 inch cut up and better...-....sssseeeeeeeeee 33 00 Oh. Wmpedeen aoaoiasnbct anc In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding 2 inch picks and uppers..... pretties teens estes eeseeereees 35 00 B arid 9 tine, Se Sees sian 1x12 dressing and better, let TSM ISA Rado HoBnde Coal Srna 24 00 Nepean... mec tak : : ixzo fine dressing and better.....- +1. .-+seee cesses eee nee es 23 00 Fan ee nee ae rin siding, cutting up 1% in selected. rx1o and 12 Canadian dressing and better............---6 20 00 FSeIRE COLES Ob RON aicks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 | 1% in dressing... 1 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank............+se-eeeeeeee 24 00 : 4 oi ee SEAGATE 2 vee id rin dressing......+.. 19 00 21 00| 1¥% in No. x culls.... 1 1-4 in, cut up and better........-... ee eeeeee essence eens 33 00 SS ra SL nares $ 9 00 ae ¥ EIA VP SSCs $12 50° yin No. x culls...... 13 00 14 00| 1% in No. 2 culls. perre ooeietricd Mees rare tll Meigs y= fecha jada yaisiaVaoieis xia , 3 » No. ae © 16 xx Siiules Poh is 5 ite Se ie gel of Domes 2x4 to Io, 12 to 16ft.$ 8 50 Howledss 2x4 to Io, 12 to culls out......... 18 00 25 00 | 6, 7 or 8, No. 2culls.. 13 00 14 00 > Lath, No. x : i a" 18 A Feiteha ie fare) otters tmistelatee sian 10 = TOPGELE aiclniere wcsis Corse somes 8 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and é ‘ee ’ Re egos ee ee ZO Mtr cn ccccccccvccrececcce Ir QXIZ. cacivcvcevecasscevene 5 better’. coc ier. ‘ee 23,00 3000 aI A iste aco onc sinl rosie inlnioin\s.nn\o.n'e,c)ni vie! p.aie.eiajeeiaaie\e.oi8\nia,eie See Ais seciocononne biceso coil AddiGuitoleachiaddiionallefs 3 3 ) HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. in length. Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. Sennyaues, ke BOSTON, MASS. “. 5 7 3 «< A: Ash, white, 1 to2in..$26 00 $28 oo | Cherry z to 1¥%$50 00 $60 00 Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 oo | Standard brands, river made, Boston, May 27, 1896. . 2% to 4-. 30 00 32 00 2 4-. 60 00 65 00 Clear Buttsoasaee cone senvan I go > © Sat ime one 275 EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD. i -_ Ash, black, sts and Elm, soft I a 1% 14 00 15 00 Clear Butts... eneeeenaee - 195 Ordinary planed i F eeeponas 9 ne gee a 1% ee 17.00 19 00; 7) aire = be ay a i) ae 00 WHITE PINE LATH. boardsromcecdtens $11 50 12 00 16 it 850 875 oY, aay nian. a 19 00 2100 os yy te — ee pare 1S fos) Banaue SS EOTes SO TOUCRMOn S © 60 ||| INIOs:2sehisucanyslojassie ae oleic I 20 core ere seeeeee 15 00 15 50 Marware 800 h Ash, M.R.,1 * 2., 15 00 18 00 iickory 1% - a, 28 00 30 00 Henlscy Outen Es ee aie: a OSes lanes Birch I .. 2000 22 00 aple I 1% 16 00 17 00 SS ee Se eee ee ro ae Bes & fe 2. an co. 24.00] _“ atta eee BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. Boxhoaris sarki 2575 4 fee tetstic, 8 282400 26 00 Oak,red, ST a can Aaa Tan awa eine eee (sto) tees! 19 75. - xO 00) Oc Tonge caed ’ Basswood 1 ‘1% 1600 18 00 : £8 * 4.. 30 00 3200 WHITE PINE. , U A WESTERN, aon | Fie CAR LOAD. P “ 1% i 2...19 00 2000] “ white if 3 Es 1% 2800 3000 Up's, 1,14, 1%and 2 No, 3) 13f tozitic.. a8 06 ay aa ppers, x a ec a> 00@52 00 ine com., ae 4 in 46 Seine. x 091% x4 00 x6'00!] 1,2 1, 4++ 30.00 35 00 raineicjensa ieee nts 45 00 47 00| Shelving, No. 1, 13 in x os ARS oe ee a me = OPA PNG: eae an oe Butternut 1 = 1% 23 00 25 00 quart’d ae 46 00 5000 2¥% and 3 in....... 50 09 55 00 and up, rin...... 30 00@3I 00 Sleces ‘ag Ben seas 5 = 2 = wi” % am prey 2 3+. 25 00 h 3-- 85 00 100 00 PUT ne ete eer 54 00 57 00| Dressing 14% in...... 24 00 25 00 are Nace ae < 2 ae i 28 oo | Walnut ce 8 : D g Yi 4 5 oY Jee see bas 45 ges 4 to 6 in. Chestnut 1 2.. 24 00 26 00} Whitewood 1x 2.. 32:00 3600 Selects, xin. ........ 39 00 4000| r%xroandr...... 26 00 Bette : aay By e Me “ i No 7s 5 9 e/a =a 1% to2 in......... 39 00 42 00 ne) Welana goa cuonoc 24 00 25 00 Moulding Goardee Site Cut aoe et OTTAWA, ONT. 20, and 3) Itles>.--- 47 00 5000] 2 in.............. 25 00 28 00 ae ar ele 37 00 39 00 | Cut ups, 1% to z c Orrawa, May 27, 1896. A Wore esas onan 52 00| Mold st’ps,1 to 2in.. 31 00 33 00 Ga pence clea ts a oo | Cofi ‘an 4 ae a i d sidings, per M feet, b.m 00 Fine common, 1 in... 35 00 37 00] Barn, No. 1, roand12 peony PES EROS) 34 offin boards..,..... Pine, goo! ZS, pi 35 00 , Ys ine, Seem uk ¢. ike L 1); : Fine common, rin.... 40 00 41 oo | Common all widths... ine, good strips, : Oo so 402 i ieee ee geegF 3608 eee 1%, 1% and 2in... 40 00 41 00 | Shipping culls, x in co Pine, goodshorts, “ “ ‘ 00 25 00 2 IN ...eeeee 34 00 36 00 : 50 20 00 as os aS "ia A Pine, No. x dressing sidings, per M feet, b.m 00 20 00 BM. eee eee eee eee 45 00| No.2, 10and12in. 15 00 16 00 ; fa d Pine, 2 strips, : 5 00 1800 A ors erste ot 256 45 00| No.3, 10and r2in. 13 00 14 09 SHINGLES. a Pine, “ Sf shorts, fc a Es 00 1400 Cut'gup, No. x,1in. 28 00 3000) 6 and 8in.......... I2 50 13 50 1 50 | Second Clear.......... © Pine, 10 s.c. and better stock, ‘“‘ so ME 00 1600 14% to2 in......... 33 00 34 00] Common, rin........ I5 00 1600 290} Extra No. z........... 2 ay © Pine, 8 ae “ r “ “ 3 fe Oa" x2tGo Be: 2, Nyaa 15 00 17 00 1% andr¥in...... es 20 18 00 250 ' b, Pine sidings 00 15 00 eB ct Ou nO erie) cfares)|| Cul Wany Ha ceaghor- 18 00 20 oc HEMLOCK. Re. Pine, ‘‘ strips ie i 00 12 00 Boards, rough........ ir00o@z150| No.2......... ++s++ 8 00@ 10 “a Pine, ‘‘ shorts ae 00 9 00 : WHITE ASH, Plapeds< Sale sie sundiesn II 75 1200 et Pine, box culls re a e oo 1100 = xst & 2nd, x inch, 32 00 33 00| 2% tog in........... 28 00 3000 IT ATH. ue " “ Pine mill ee ‘ 02 10 00 1% to2in...... Hea wecmerey tees) | rsinale ot crear see T7OO AB OG SpPYUCl yee vate ace ccc een | By cargo. .......... 180@ 190° Lath per Ds Liss ae Aes. ie aslo wp wile stoiancie.« I0Oo 125 CUS stssessiaars neeiaes +» 9 00 1000 By car ......2..+... 1 80@ 200 “Fe ag hits . 5 7 : * 7 - . , van a q ie a \ re ¥ ~ a es : cd a ii aa gia 5 a ae kk 77: . uy es e ae a Z : an ae JuNE, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN F OTTAWA LETTER. (Regular Correspondence of the CANADA LUMBERMAN.] Mr. Alfred Cross, of Liverpool, Eng., was in the city a fortnight ago. He represents some wealthy English firms who are large importers of hardwood for furniture manu- facture, the object of his visit being to become acquainted with the timber resources of Canada. Formerly most of the lumber required has been obtained from the United States, but after viewing some of our hardwood forests, Mr. Cross decided to secure sections of maple and silver birch, as these are the woods that he most desires. Mr. Cross’s backers in England also think it desirable that a mill should be established here for sawing up the lumber, and the probability is that it will be somewhere in this locality. The death of Mr. James W. Agret, of this city, has re- moved one who formerly took an important part in the lumber trade of the Ottawa valley. He was in his day considered to be the best bushman and raftsman of these sections, being endowed with great energy of mind and bodily strength. At one time he owned one of the most valuable timber limits on the Ottawa, and was also one of the contractors of the C. P. R. line. Mr. Peter Colter, well known as a lumber agent and explorer, returned early in May from a three months’ trip through the different lumbering districts. Mr. McLeod Stewart has had printed and distributed in pamphlet form the paper upon the physical features and geology of the route of the proposed Ottawa canal, be- tween the St. Lawrence river and Lake Huron, by Dr. R. W. Ells and Professor Barlow, read at the last meeting of the Royal Society of Canada. Orrawa, Ont., May 22, 1896. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. (Regular Correspondence of the CANADA LUMBERMAN.] ANOTHER association of lumbermen has recently been organized in this province, to be known as the ‘‘Associated Lumbermen of British Columbia.” It is intended to in- clude dealers who ship their lumber.into the eastern mar- ket, and who are not connected with the Central Lumber Company. Atanearly date I hope to be able to give some further particulars of the organization, of which, I learn, Mr. F. H. Moore is the efficient secretary. A recent issue of the British Columbia Commercial Jour- nal contains the following with respect to lumber matters: «« A Vanconver gentleman, Mr. C. M. Beecher, has inter- viewed several members of the government with a view to securing protection to the lumber industries on this coast. Weare not aware what shape it is desired that this protection should assume; but it was supposed by many people that, under the operation of the lumber com- bine which recently went into operation, all that was de- sired in the way of protection was in that way to be ob- tained. Ifthe combine is supreme on both the United States and Canadian sides of the line, it is hard to see where protection comes in, unless the effort is being made by some who happen to be outside of the combina- tion. On the other hand, if it be better forest protection that is being sought, we would suppose that the provincial authorities are those who ought to be approached. In any case it would be of interest and possibly of general benefit to know what is desired. Meantime, we have not yet learned that the combine has proved to be a failure.” At present there are eight vessels loading lumber at British Columbia ports for foreign markets, which is below the average number since the opening of spring. Their destinations are: Melbourne, Delagoa Bay, Cork, Anto- niefta, Tientsin, Shanghai, Santa Rosalia and San Fran- cisco. The Brunette Saw Mills Co. shipped some of the longest lengths of sawn timber yet shipped per raii from their mills. These were 94 feet long, and 7 x 18. Other tim- bers in the shipment were thicker though not so long. They will be used in the construction of some hopper scows for the Dominion government. COAST CHIPS. * ; The Sutton Lumber Co., of Uculet, have removed their head office to Victoria. The Royal City Mills recently filled an order for 80,000 _ feet of spruce for the English market. Lloyd's saw mill at Westholme, B.C., was recently damaged by fire to the extent of $500. The Nelson Saw Mill Company has taken over the business of John Bell at Trail and Rossland. Mr. J. H. Ramsdell, for several years superintendent of the Moodyville mill, has resigned his position. The British Columbia Mills, Timber and Trading Co., of Vancouver, propose opening a branch in Rossland. Grant & Monnee, saw millers, Union, have lately put in a new band saw, adapted for both light and heavy work. Mr. A. E. Griffiths is manager of the Turkish Harbor Timber Co., of Vancouver, who propose erecting a mill this summer. Mr. J. G. Woods, for many years manager of Leamy & Kyle’s mill at Vancouver, has been appointed superin- tendent of the Moodyville mills. New WESTMINSTER, B. C., May 19, 1896. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. [Regular Correspondence of the CANADA LUMBEKMAN.] INTEREST for the past two weeks has been centred upon lumber drives. The season thus far has been an unusually dry one, while the snow melted so gradually that the streams were not benefitted much thereby. The result is that difficulty has been experienced with driving, particularly on the smaller streams, and at the time of writing grave fears are held lest much lumber will be hung up. In some cases larger crews have been put on, who have pushed the drive along at full speed, but even then some have been unable to get to their destination. A few days’ rain would be welcomed by lumbermen, who, in view of the strong demand in Europe for deals, are feeling no little anxiety in the matter. The purchase of the Rourke mill and property at St. Martins by Maine capitalists has not taken place, and in all probability Messrs. Rourke will carry on operations themselves this season. Messrs. Currie & Co., of Eel River, have completed their new mill and commenced sawing. The dimensions of the mill are as follows: Main building 70 x 30 ft., with an extension on the south side 50xzo ft. The power is fur- nished by a 120 h.p. T. M. Nagle engine and boiler, both furnished by the Robb Engineering Co., of Amherst. The mill will contain four shingle machines, rotary double edger, lath machine, planer and matcher. The Point Wolfe property on the Bay Shore is one of finest in New Brunswick, and contains a large growth of lumber. It is estimated that 175,000,000 feet have been cut there in the past 26 years. The Dominion government will likely subsidize two or more lines of steamers from this port to Europe next winter. This will enable lumbermen to place their product regularly upon the English market, as was done during the past winter. BITS OF LUMBER. C. & I. Prescott’s mill at Albert has begun sawing. R. C. Tait is having a new rotary put in his mill at Shediac, which will largely increase its capacity. Jas. E. Porter, M.P.P., has commenced re-building his mill at Andover, which was consumed by fire last autumn. The new saw mill of Messrs. Purvis at Carleton has commenced sawing. This will provide employment for a large number of men. J. C. Wright and Chesley Smith, of Hopewell Hill, have purchased the steam rotary mill belonging to Dowl- ing & Fletcher at Alma. Frank and Henry Swim, of Doaktown, are building a new mill there with rotary, planer, clapboard machine, etc., to be ready by June 1. The old mill will be used for cutting board stuff. St. Joun, N.B., May 20, 1896. A recent issue of the Montreal Herald says: An agent of Howry & Sons, the well-known lumber agents of Fene- lonFalls,Ont., and Saginaw, Mich., called on Mr.J. Prescott, head of the Montreal Municipal Labor Bureau, on Satur- day, and enquired whether he could provide two hundred skilled lumbermen to go to South Africa to work in the bush there, and teach the natives how to fell trees and trim logs for market. Mr. Prescott replied that he could fill the contract, and he is now awaiting final arrange- ments before he picks his men. According to the agent it is intended that the men after teaching the natives the practical work will become bosses. CANADIAN PATENTS. Denis GAHERTY, of Montreal, was granted a patent on March oth for a log boom, as shown by the accompany- It is comprised of any number of lengths or panels, each of which are formed of 2, 4, 6 or more pieces of timber bolted together, between which are laid ing illustration. Loc Boom. longitudinally in grooves one or more wire cables, a, figs. 1, 2, 3) 4.and 5, and all the lengths or panels held to- gether by means of the wire or cables, a, and wrought iron couplings, b, and the ordinary coupling C, C, C, sub- stantially for the purpose set forth. A patent has been granted in Canada to Annie S. Dees, of Moss Point, and George H. Howard, of Washington, U. S., for a device for sawing logs, as shown herewith. It consists in a saw mill, the combination of two carriages on opposite sides of the saw and rigidly secured together gauges on both carriages, stops to regulate the inward movement of the gauges, and means for operating the WAG = DEVICE FOR CUTTING LOGs. gauges, tracks on the under side of the carriage, rollers journalled to the floor for supporting the carriage, and bearings on the opposite side of the carriages. In the combination of a gauge one part capable of a predeter- mined movement toy ard the saw and an indefinite move- ment from the saw, with similar gauge on the other part, the two like parts being firmly united together with a saw, and means for moving them in either direction, whereby the material to be cut supported on one part is measured by the gauge on the other part. ELECTRIC TREE FELLER, AN apparatus has been brought out for felling trees by electricity. There is no saw proper, its place being taken by a drill, which, according to the nature of the wood may be used to perforate the base of the tree with a number of holes, placed so close together that nearly all the fibres have been cut, or it may be used to make a sweeping cut, as the cutting edges are on the side of the tool. This is the usual method. The machine is fastened to the tree and a cut of suit- able depth is taken across its surface; the drill is then advanced an inch or two, and another cut is taken across its surface; the drill is then advanced an inch or two, and another cut is taken until about half the thickness of the tree has been gone through. Wedges are then forced in to keep the cut from closing up, and the operation is continued until it would not be safe to cut away more wood. The fastening chains are then loosened and the machine is removed, after which the final separation of the tree is accomplished by a hand saw or axe. Cassier’s Magazine for June contains interesting articles from the pen of well-known writers, among which are “ Peat Fuel in Germany,” by Louis Stem, ‘‘ Steam Super- heating,” by W. H. Patchell, and ‘‘ Economic Workshop Output,” by W. E. Hall. A valuable publication has been issued by the Century Company, of New York, covering a study of the white pine, with tables and volume of yield. It is edited by Gifford Pinchot and Henry S. Graves, and includes 102 pages, in cloth binding. ? 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN THE NEWS. CANADA. —R. H. Young, of Turtle Lake, Ont., is rebuilding his mill. —E. Humphrey, Wiarton, Ont., has sold his saw mill to Thos. Moore. —It is said that Porter Bros. will erect a large saw mill near Kaslo, B. C. —A company is being formed at Westville, N. S., to manufacture shingle mills. —The Brennan Mfg. Co. have placed new machinery in their mill at Huntsville, Ont. —Bateson Bros. have leased the lath mill of the Ontario Lumber Co. at French River, Ont. —Chew Bros.’ mills at Midland, Ont., have resumed Additional improvements have been made. operations. —The Ontario and Western Lumber Co., of Rat Portage, Ont., is applying to the Ontario Government for incor- poration. —The Sault Ste. Marie Pulp & Paper Co. have let the contract for the erection of another pulp mill at Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. —E. I. White, a Nova Scotia lumberman and ship builder, has bought the Samuel Longfellow homestead at Machias, Me. —P. C. Heuser, of Collingwood, Ont., has purchased a planing mill at Thornbury, and purposes adding consider- able machinery. —The Annapolis Manufacturing Co., of Lequille, N.S., is seeking incorporation. It is proposed to do a general lumbering business. —The citizens of Westmeath, Ont., will raise the sum of $1,000 to assist Tucker & Hodges in rebuilding their mill recently burned. —A button, upon which a monogram of the association is engraved, is now worn by members of the Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association. —Mr. Kilgour Shives, Restigouche, N. B., has purchased an electric dynamo to be used in lighting his shingle mill at Campbellton. the well-known millman of —An American syndicate is said to be desirous of purchasing from the Vale Barrel Machine Co., of Hamil- ton, Ont., the right to manufacture the machine in the United States. —The Ottawa Specialty Manufacturing Company, Ottawa, is seeking incorporation, with a capital of $45,000, to manufacture wooden and metalware furniture, interior fittings, etc. —The Manitou Wood Manufacturing Co., of Toronto, which is seeking incorporation, will manufacture lumber, staves, heading, veneers, pulp, etc. The factory will probably be located at Midland. —Rhodes, Curry & Co., of Amherst, N. S., have received two cars of Douglas fir from British Columbia, to be used in the manufacture of railway cars. Some of the pieces of timber are 75 feet long. —The North American Paper and Lumber Co., with headquarters at Halifax, N. S., are seeking incorporation, with a capital stock of $2,500,000. It is proposed to manufacture lumber, pulp, paper, wooden goods, etc. —Hiram Walker is said to be negotiating with some eastern parties for the erection of a large saw mill on the site of the old sugar refinery above Walkerville, Ont. The mill will be stocked by logs rafted down from the north. —Some eight or ten portable mills will be operated between St. John and St. Martins, N. B., this summer. A couple of them will be located at or near Loch Lomond, three at Tynemouth Creek, and the remainder along the shore. —Incorporation is announced of the Masterman Pulp Company, Ltd., of Montreal, capital of $300,000, the objects being to manufacture and deal in pulp, timber, woodenware, etc. The promoters are John A. Banden, Wm. Arthur, S. Frederick and W. H. Masterman. —George Waite, who in December last, while employed in John T. Kerr's saw mill at Iona Station, Ont., met with an accident which resulted in the loss of a leg, has entered an action against Mr. Kerr, claiming $5,000 with a damages. —An order-in-council has been passed making the regulations for the sale of timber of Indian lands in On- tario and Quebec, approved by order-in-council of 15th September, 1888, and amendments thereto, applicable to all Indian lands throughout the Dominion with the excep- tion of British Columbia. —A Port Arthur exchange says: The steam barge Wesley will shortly arrive to take on a cargo of three hundred cords of Hazlewood & Whalen’s pulp wood at Big Pic river. It is estimated that it will employ an aggregate of one hundred men all summer to load their pulpwood on the lake steamers.: —-The Milton Pulp Mill Company, Milton, N. S., are operating their mill day and night. The mill has run for fifteen months without losing a day. The company employ 38 men, and the pay roll is about $1,200 monthly. These figures include only the men employed in manufac- turing the pulp. Large quantities of wood have been brought to the’ mill during the past winter, and still a greater quantity is now on its way down the river. —Knight & Morrow, of Bedeque, P. E. I., are running their mill night and day, and are meeting with a brisk demand for their product. The mill is 150. feet long and 60 feet wide. It is run by steam and has a rotary saw, cross-cut, shingle saw and a cylinder saw for sawing staves. It gives employment to about 25 men, under the supervision of John McPhee, engineer. The lumber used for sawing is obtained in New Zealand, and brought to the mill by cars. —Mr. S. B. Benson, of Midland, who spent the past winter inspecting the timber limits of the Haliburton Land and Emigration Co., formerly known as the nine town- ships of the English Land Co., reports that a large number of wolves infest a portion of the country he explored. It is his opinion that the game laws are but slight protection to the deer while these wolves are at large. He noticed many carcasses of the deer slain by the wolves, and that only parts of the carcasses were eaten, thus showing that the spirit of slaughter rather than hunger caused the wolves to hunt the deer. He believes that the game wardens should employ men ‘to exterminate these wolves with poison. FOREIGN. —During last year America shipped to Africa $4,500,- ooo worth of merchandise, of which more than one-third was luinber from the Pacific Coast, the actual amount being $1,807,610. —The Seattle Lumber Exchange has been organized at Seattle, Wash., which promises to be of great benefit to the lumber industry of the western coast. The opening of the exchange was the occasion of much merriment. —The Standard Oil Company will make an attempt, this spring, to tow a barge across the Atlantic Ocean, from either New York or Philadelphia to some English port, probably Liverpool. This has never yet been tried. The Standard Oil Company has been considering the plan for four years, and was about ready to make the trial last summer, but the idea was given up. CASUALTIES. —D. J. St. Eloi had his leg broken on J. drive at Nipissing, Ont. —Raoul Methot, 16 years of age, was killed in his father’s mill at St. Antoine, Que., by a log rolling over him. —While putting a belt ona pulley in asaw mill at Chelmsford, Ont., Charles Adams was instantly killed by being dashed against the pulley. Erastus Durling was killed at Done Settlement, N. B. He was rolling logs off a brow, and was caught between two of them, being crushed to death. W. H. Ellis, in the employ of W. & R. Butler, Wood- stock, Ont., received serious internal injuries by being struck by a piece of lumber from a planer. —Alex. Stewart, a lad of eighteen years, while working in Steinhoff & Gordon’s mill at Wallaceburg, Ont., acci- dentally fell upon the saw, receiving serious injuries. The clothes of an employee of J. R. Warner & Co., St. John, N. B., named Peter Carey, became entangled in the machinery, and he was carried around one of the shafts. Both legs were broken and other injuries re- ceived. —A young man named James R. McDonald, employed at Macpherson & Schell’s saw mill at Alexandria, Ont., R. Booth’s . JUNE, 1896 was seriously injured by a floor-scraper, which, being caught by a saw, struck him on the back of the head. —Word has been received at Ottawa of the drowning of Joseph Monette on Bissett’s creek, which flows into Lake Nipissing, by. the breaking of a jam. He had been in the employ of Bronson & Weston for a number of years. W. C. B. Rathbun, the Toronto representative of the Rathbun Co., of Deseronto, Ont., while cleaning a re- volver, was accidentally shot in the left side below the chest. At first it was thought the wound would prove fatal, but strong hopes are now entertained of his recovery. ’ PERSONAL. Mr. W. C. Caldwell, the well-known lumberman of Lanark, will oppose Hon. John Haggart in South Lanark for parliamentary honors. ; Mr. H. H. Cook, president of the Ontario Lumber Co., has accepted the Liberal nomination for East Simcoe for the Dominion parliament. Mr. Maurice Walsh, lumber merchant, of Bridgewater Cove, near the city of Quebec, died suddenly on the 4th ultimo, from heart failure. Mr. Edward Mackay, of the firm of Carswell & Mackay, lumber merchants, Renfrew, Ont., died on the 12th of May, at the age of 4o years. Hon. E. J. Flynn, Commissioner of Crown Lands for Quebec, has accepted the invitation of the Lieutenant- Governor to form a cabinet, as successor to Hon. Mr. Taillon. It is rumored that Mr. Henri Vassal, lumber manufac- turer, of Drummondville, Que., will be the Conservative candidate for the counties of Drummond and Arthabaska at the appoaching general elections. Mr. E. C. Grant, of the Ottawa Lumber Company, has been elected a member of the American Lumber Cor- poration. He is said to be the first Canadian to obtain this distinction. : Mr. J. W. Todd, of Watson & Todd, lumber merchants, Liverpool, Eng., with branch offices at Ottawa and Mon- treal, is at present in Canada, superintending the season’s shipments of pine deals, boards, etc. Mr. Jas. B. Klock, head of the lumber firm of R. H. Klock & Co., of Klocks Mills, Ont., recently returned home from a business trip to Europe, and was given a reception by the townspeople. In all probability he will contest the Nipissing district in the Conservative interest at the Dominion elections. ; The death is announced at Nappan, N. B., of Mr. Thomas Bulmer, in his 74th year. He was an extensive lumberman and contractor, being one of the pioneers in stripping the northern part of the county of Cumberland of its pine, in the forties, and a few years later went into the making of hackmatack knees and timber. He is said to have amassed considerable wealth. ; Mr. John Macdonald Grant, Clerk of Patents in the Crown Lands Department of Ontario, died in Toronto on the 17th ultimo. Mr. Grant entered the service of the government in 1860, since which time he has filled the position with much efficiency. He has been succeeded by ~ Col. C. J. Jones, formerly registrar of the department, Mr. Frank Yeigh, Secretary to the Commissioner, be- coming registrar. Probably the oldest tree in France, if not in all Europe, is the famous ‘‘ Chieftains’ Oak,” standing near Martigny- _ les-Baines, in the department of the Vosges. The age of this monarch of the forest is certainly over a thousand years. It was already noted for its size at the time of the revolt of the Jadquerie in 1358, to which its name can be traced, and it no doubt served the leaders of the enemy as a rallying point during Louis XIII’s war of conquest in Lorraine in 1634-46. The giant is now decaying at the. top and evidently has almost completed its term of existence. It measures one hundred feet in height, forty feet in circumference near the ground, and seventy — feet around the branches. In Finland the best forests are now in the hands of the government. The feeling in Finland is that although they scarcely show a profitable investment at present, the time will come—probably within the present generation—when the State forests will be a source of great wealth to the country, and that, therefore, the State should continue to acquire as much additional forest territory as possible. This important movement is beginning to make itself felt. There are firms who have to restrict their purchases to crown logs for securing large-sized timber, and the cost of these is very high. The revenue of the crown forests in Finland for the first six months of this year was about $440,000, as against $380,000 for the corresponding period of last year. JUNE, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN a THE MASTERMAN PULP MILL. Tue new Masterman pulp mill, which has recently been put in operation at Mill Cove, N.B., is one of the most complete establishments of its kind in America. The site is on the banks of the Miramichi river, at the mouth of a large brook which empties into the river. From this brook water power is obtained for operating the mill, there being two dams, the larger for reserve, covering 200 acres. Seven large buildings, with one or two smaller ones, contain the plant in its entirety. All are built on stone foundations. The walls of the digesting building, which is 84 x 32 ft. in size, are built up of stone to a height of 30 feet, with a thickness of from four to two feet. The walls above that are of wood, making a height of 60 feet. The other buildings are of wood, sheated with iron. The store-room is 100x 50 ft. and the paper mill of the same size. To the rear of these is the engine and boiler rooms, 100 x 40 ft. Two other buildings through which the pulp passes in different stages of its manufacture are 20 x 100 ft. and 50x 4oft. The large digestor building, 84 x 32, has a tank-house adjoining of one storey, 84 x 30, while at the back of these is the sulphur burning and acid building, 60 x’70, and the wood-cutting building, 40 x 70. Into this latter structure the slip, 240 feet long, leads from the water. The logs when raised to the top of this are carried against saws, which cut them into lengths. These pieces are then stripped of their bark by machines similar to those used in shingle mills, and the knots are then bored out by other machinery. The sec- tions are then thrown into the grinders, which cut them into small chips of three-fourths of an inch across. All sawdust and fine particles hav- ing been shaken out, these chips are carried down to the digesting building, situate on a 40 Lumbermen’s Supplies We are making a Specialty of Lumbermen’s Supplies, and are offering, with other goods, a good Japan Tea, Get a sample of this fine draw and make, at 12% cents. _ splendid Tea suitable for the Camp. H. P. Eokardt & 60. WHOLESALE GRCOERS Capital, $2,000,000,00. umm or 50 foot lower level. Here the stuff is stored in immense bins till it passes below to the diges- tors, six in number, where it is cooked for 12 or 15 hours, and after going through different oper- ations, passes on to the buildings containing the paper mills, which reduce it into the sheet form and leave it in rolls ready for shipment. The acid, which amounts to 76,000 gallons a day, is run by gravitation into the digesters. Throughout the whole plant gravitation is made use of in the conveyance of materials to a large extent, thereby effecting a great saving in machinery for pumping. The mill is lighted throughout by an electric light plant placed in the building. The equip- ment is almost entirely of Canadian manufacture, the fittings being supplied by McAvity & Sons, of St. John, and the boilers and engines and most of the machinery by E. Leonard & Son, of The water power is also an important A raceway London. factor in cheapness of operation. 1,700 feet in length carries the water from the lower dam with a 25-foot head on the wheel, which is a 240 horse power turbine of the improved Leffel pattern, made by Paxton & Tait, of Port Perry, Ont. The capacity of the mill will be thirty tons of dry pulp per day, while the largest mill in the United States only turns out fifty tons of wet pulp in the same time, wet pulp being 30 to 40 per cent. moisture. Upwards of 80 cords of wood per day will be converted into pulp, for which from $2.50 to $2.75 per cord is generally paid. a A cubic foot of logwood weighs 57.07 pounds. Satinwood weighs 55.31 pounds per cubic foot. Lancewood, without knots and well dried, weighs 45 pounds to the cubic foot. An Historic Tree.—An historic elm tree at Plymouth, Pa., was cut down recently for fear it would collapse during a heavy blow and cause damage. The elm was voted on March 2, 1774, by the town meeting as a place of public rendez- vous, and was then referred to as ‘‘ the noble tree upon which our ancestors have gazed. ~ Subsequently to 1774 it served as an auction mart, village market, and whipping-post. A count of the rings upon it showed that the tree was 372 years old. SK\DDING ff \\ { SKIDDING \ TONGS ee GAFF SOCKET me .PEMBROKE, ONT. OrvaWa Enc Co CAMP SUPPLIES Being extensive operators in the lumber business, as well as Wholesale Grocers, we are exceptionally well qualified to fill orders for Lumbermen’s Supplies. MAIL ORDERS GIVEN PROMPT ATTENTION. TORONTO. DAVIDSON SOTA Y Wholesale Grocers CANADIAN RUBBER COMPANY 3 TORONTO ~ ALLAN, President. . O. GRAVEL, Secretary-Treasurer. Ne McGILL, General Manager. . F. SCHOLES, Managing Director. of MONTREAL, TORONTO and WINNIPEG MANUFACTURE ‘SUPERIOR QUALITY Rubber Goods For Mechanical Purposes Rubber Belting, Packing, Hose, Etc. Head Offices and Factor MONTREAL OO ' Ontario Branch... Corner Front and Yonge Sts. 2 FORSYTH Seamless RUDE Belting Seamless TUG nse tse These Patents we control for Canada *%%.% TORONTO ~so- J. H. WALKER Manager 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN FOREST FIRES. From nearly every section comes the report of forest fires, owing to the extreme drought of the present season. The United States, as well as Canada, has suffered considerable loss, especially in the east. In Canada, the provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia have been the seat of a number of fires, but the largest ones have been confined to Ontario, their location being along the line of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway. A despatch from Whitney, dated May 12, says: What proved to be the greatest fire this district has ever known started on Saturday not far from here. Every one thought that when it reached the Madawaska river, which is almost a quarter of a mile wide here, that this would afford a fire break. But the wind carried the cinders across into the bush on the opposite side, and away the fire continued in its career, feeding on brush and dry leaves and other vegetation of years’ accumulation. At one part of this river McLachlin Bros.’ rivermen, who were engaged in driving logs, had to take all their supplies, place them in a boat and put out into the river. Some of the men who were less fortunate had to wade into the river until they were up to their chin in water and remain there until the flames were past. The fire kept along the Madawaska river until it reached the Egan estate, some twelve miles east of Whitney. By this time the wind was dying down, and the cool shadows of evening seemed to check the raging of the flames. The fire burned all night, however, and left in its track thousands of trees burning. At different places where there were gummy knots in the trees the spouting flame afforded a fine spectacle. Sunday morning the wind sprang up again, but altered its course so that the fire partly burned back over its course of the previous day, but settlers, who were unfortunate enough to be near its course, had all their belongings packed up ready at any minute to run to a place of safety. The efforts put forth by Mr. Booth’s efficient firemen and also the officials of the O., A. and P. S. Ry., rendered valuable service in saving property and protecting their right of way, none of which was damaged to any extent, “— = ae JuNE, 1896 as large forces of men were kept on hand to watch the fire closely. The fire is thought to have been caused by the burning of the right of way. TRADE NOTES. Mr. John Carew, of Lindsay, has purchased an improved shingle mill from the Kingston Locomotive and Engine Co., of Kingston. The McEachren Heating & Ventilating Co., of Galt, Ont., will shortly ship a dry kiln outfit to Nova Scotia, being the fourth shipped to that province since March Ist. Incorporation is being asked for by the MacGregur- Gonrlay Co., of Galt, Ont., to manufacture wood and iron working machinery, castings, etc. The capital stock is to be $300,000. The William Hamilton Mfg. Company, of Peterboro, Ont., recently shipped two steam loggers to British Columbia, one for Gilley Bros. and the other for the Hastings Saw Mill Company, Vancouver. Owing to increase of business the Penberthy Injector Company, of Detroit, Mich., have found it necessary te add a large number of monitor lathes and improved ma- chinery to their equipment, and to put in a new engine to supply additional power required by increase of plant. The stock department has been moved to another building in order to make room for additional machinery. ROBIN, SADLER & HAWORTH Manufacturers of = OAK-TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL AND TORONTO Orders addressed either to our Toronto or Montreal Factory will have prompt care. Goods will be forwarded same day as order is received. SHURLY & DIETRICH #8 THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES GALT, Om WITWVTVWAVVYWYVVIW TVW WYO SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET CRE WIGHL PROCESS OF TERPERING. : OC, OO a ie me JUNE, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 18 Send for Prices REDDAWAY’S” PATENT. K OF OUR LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET MANASHE INSPEGTION * BREAKING STRAIN 6GIN‘CAMEL HAIR BELT—14,|8L.1bS » >> G6INDOUBLE OAKLEATHER——7,522' HICKORY BOOK W.A.FLEMING. x SOLE AGENT FOR CANADA. WOO0D-SPLIT oe ee 57. ST FRS.XAVI ERSt (24 FRONT S# EVI CTORIACHAMBERS hy Containing Rules for the Inspection MONTREAL. \ TORONTO. j OTTAWA . PU LLEYS and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to Every Lumberman wants it 45 cents buys it lumbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the sea SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY Toronto, Canada C H. MORTIMER, Publisher ; 8 BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : vik PRACTICAL INFORMATION THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto stare alee HE above is a fac simile of The Prutomatic Gompression the title page of the latest and most complete Lumber (copvRi a aa ) k 3 ee ae Inspection Book published. QUICKER, MORE ECONOMICAL to operate, BETTER We shall be pleased to send RESULTS, and COSTS LESS than any other. 20 tons of water : is the daily amount which a single room 20x 100 feet extracts you a Copy on receipt of four from the lumber therein. ; BEWARE of FRAUDS and INFRINGEMENTS. Our mac emt Canadian postage system is covered by letters patent throughout the world. Our . success has induced many unscrupulous parties to erect infringe- stamps OP Ot Om omens Oma ie ments, and, in many cases, sell worthless processes under the name of “COMPRESSION.” The public is hereby warned ADDRESS : against such impositions. Our Guarantee: The Kiln costs you nothing until the guar- antee is filled to the letter. Write for Catalogue ‘* C.” THE ([ANADA [_UMBERMAN, ie si Toronto, Canada The Emerson Gompany 809 Fidelity Building - BALTIMORE, MD., U.S.A. The A. R. Williams Machinery Co., Ltd. Deaersin: MACHINERY AND SUPPLIES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION—New and Second-Hand, ae BRANCHES: 345-347 St. James St., MONTREAL; 193 COLBORNE St., BRANTFORD ; Lonpon Toot Co., LONDON. HEAD OFFICE: FRONT ST., EAST OF UNION DEPOT, ‘|; ORONTO New Premises Just Completed. Special Prices for Next 30 Days. Write Us. 16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN June, 1896. It is estimated that 3,000,000 wood bicycle rims will be used in the United States this year. They are nearly all made of rock elm. Only 20 {0 25 per cent. of the elm produced is suitable for good rims On the basis of 2% feet to the rim, 3,000,000 rims require 7,500,000 feet, hence the furnishing of this particular quality of stock requires the handling of fully 35,000,- ooo and possibly 40,000,000 feet of rock elm lumber. There are two kinds of teak wood, the Indian and African. This wood is very valuable in ship-building. The Indian teak (Telcona grandis) is a tree of the natural order Verbeneecez, is slow of growth, a beautiful tree, and attains a height some- times of 200 feet. Its white flowers are used medicinally. The leaves are used for coloring purple. The timber is stroug and resembles mahogany. The most extensive forests are in Pegu. The trees grow in lumps forming their own forests. Ele- phants are used in the teak- districts to carry the timber and for piling it up. ~# a) 38 wv. s om A CAMPBEL THE “SHANTY QUEEN” AXE o< GAMPBELL BROS. =e + Manufacturers and try this axe in frosty weather. . . St. John, N. B. WRITE FOR PRICES —— Send for sample lot TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS |GAE PARMENGER —_ EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. VANE, Ay Froroengr eae a = P= RT a ry y K 3 ene D150 a F Sy anes 7 ZS Toronto See BES TMAIN DRIVE. GUARANTEED. Sole Canadian Agents 23 Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. UAK TANNED BELTING THE J.C.M°LAREN BELTING C2 ontreat Latest, the Cheapest and Best FOR DRYING LUMBBR, STAVES, HEADING, ETO. Write for Particulars to -~——__ >> J. S&S PARMERM Ia Box 512, Woodstock, Ont. DPUK UNS @ reaters CHEAP One Second-Hand Sturtevant Heater, 1,000 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match; has been used only about four months. One Sturtevant Heater, 5,500 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match ; in first-class order. (The above have been used in lumber dry kilns, but are also applic- able to heating buildings, etc.) Th a ad For prices and full particulars of the above, also our catalogue and prices of Heati and Ventilating, write the ‘s ee ? " i im McKachren Heating & Ventilating Co. GALT, ONT. pRAULIC a Wat NERY | —=((—S DUPLEX AND . SPM Gigs STEAM: AND POWERTL The Northey Mfg. Co. Ltd. TORONTO THE LAURIE ENGINE GO. = - MONTREAL SoLE AGENTS FOR PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. JUNE, 1896 THE CANADA Oo Ree RAN 17 Fy NADIANOFCE Sco fl a, \§ | L i OFFICE. SCHOOL. ITURE MIOHIGA uour condition ? If so, come to Michi- gan, where you can get comfortable living, good markets, good neighborhood, reason- able transportation for your products. A PROSPEROUS STATE ! The Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Go. have good lands for sale, prices ranging from SEVEN TO FIFTEEN DOLLARS per acre, according to location and timber ; easy terms. You make no mistake locating in this ADDRESS : territory. A. Patriarche, Trattic Manager f Saginaw, Mich. i! S252 5252S se 4e sea S2se2g) Are You Lookine FOR A CHANCE IN LOCATION? If you are not satisfied with your present site, or if you are not doing quite as well as you would like to, why not consider the advantages of a location on the Illinois Central R. R. or the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley R. R.?_ These roads run through South Dakota, Min- Ni ‘h nesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana, and possess FINE SITES FOR NEW MILLS BEST OF FREIGHT FACILITIES CLOSE PROXIMITY TO COAL FIELDSAND DISTRIBUTING CENTERS AND INTELLIGENT HELP OF ALL KINDS MANY KINDS OF RAW MATERIAL For full information write to the undersigned for a copy of the pamphlet entitled ana towss WANTING INDUSTRIES This will give you the population, city and county debt, death rate, assessed valuation of property, tax rate, annual shipments raw materials, industries de- sired, etc. To sound industries, which will bear investigation, substantial inducements will be given by many of the laces on the lines of the Illinois Central R.-R., which is the only road u: der one management running through from the North-Western States to the Gulf of Mexico. GEO. C. POWER, Industrial Commissioner I.C.R.R. Co., 506 Central Station, Chicago. Your Stomach Distresses You aftereating a hearty meal, and the result is a chronic case of Indiges- tion, Sour Stomach, Heartburn, Dyspepsia, or a bilious attack. RIPANS TABULES icine Chest, and should be kept for use in every family. J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath & Shingles BRAGEBRIDGE, ONT. AGENTS WANTED To sell Capt. Geo. S. Thompson’s New Book, “Qp-to-date or The Life of a Lumberman. ” (Profuse- ly illustrated). 2,000 copies sold already, and only out | | of the press two months. The first book ever written by a practical lumberman, describing the many inter- esting stages of Lumbering, and the hazardous life of those engaged in the woods and on the river. An edi- tion in French will be out shortly. The book will be mailed to anyone on receipt of $1.00. Address to GEO. S. THOMPSON, Care The Times Printing Co., Good terms to agents. Peterboro’, Ont. SRNICES z= i = Par | ey pe! i E PAVYETTE & CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill and Shingle Mill Machinery... Boilers and Boiler Fittings Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers Brass and Iron Castings Cant-Hook Handles, ete. Write for Terms and Prices. ete ote Ne PENETANGUISHENE, ON rl T. MACHINE KNIVES FOR OF EVERY DESCRIPTION Woodworking Machines wee Semcetorm PmcemwedSitgit. PETER HAY - - = - - _ Galt, Ont. MALL & FISHER 60., Lid. “#——————Woodstock, N. B. eee , Patent i ———————'~’ AA i SSS a = = —. ma RESETS SSS SESS ESSE} Wood Split Pulleys for Saw-Mills at prices — We are now building Special Strong for. cheaper than you can build them at home " f Get our figures before ordering. Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co. Office: 68 King St. West, TORONTO, Ont. A aa 2 18 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Lumber Machinery The Most Modern Right Hand—Froat View. “NEW ALLIS”’ It surpasses all others in many points. Rear View ‘‘ NEW ALLIS’’ Snr Barer Mandel Wheel Centrally Hung. NOTE.... Lower Wheel Inside Frame. NEW ALLIS 3 BANDS Sold in Canada since Jan., 1894. Where It Is ee Manufactured 1844 1874 NEW WORKS OCCUPIED 1896 Best Quality of Work Low Prices - - - Waterous 9 Brantford, Canada No. 55() sseeess One of our Cheap Detachable Chains for Sawdust, Refuse, Etc. Giant CHAIN SAVE Detachable MANUAL LABOR if i] te Te, ra é : : Haul-Up, Heavy Refuse Conveyors, etc. Over 50 Sizes and Styles of Chains, varying from 75 to 20,000 lbs. Cee ee Ree eee Machine. ‘ if sai Breaking Strain. Special Attachment Links for all purposes. io Cn ee 3 l On 600-1050-1075. | Tue Roya Evectric Company Western Office: TORONTO, ONT. Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ MANUFACTURERS OF Electrical Machinery ‘:. Apparatus LIGHT and POWER SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO———— LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHT AND POWER ALSO FOR ELECTRIC PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED, MONTREAL, QUE. Sigte pe P ene es Fs se sae A A f ; Lies gave ; THE Rony eT Ty ON BERMAN i > a THE DAKE ENGIN The accompanying cut shows the Dake Engine as attached to saw mill carriage set work. The engine, as shown, is reversible, advancing and receding head blocks at the will of the operator. Does away with coil springs used for re- ceding head blocks, and is a practical assistant to a saw mill carriage, enabling the setter to handle the heaviest logs with ease. Steam is carried to engine by means of steam hose, or by _ swinging steam pipe with knuckle joints, taken from near the center of carriage travel. As applied to carriage work, it has been in actual operation for over a year. CORRESPONDENCE INVITED. PHELPS MACHINE CO. BASTMAN, QUE. pee WEST & PRHACHEY eee SiicoKw, ONT. ALLIGATOR STEAM WARPING TUGS STEAM ROAD MAKER FNS AND BOWERS FOR STEAM YACHT Saw Mill Machinery -- -Dawnless Shingle and Heading Machin -*, WILL make more Shingles per day than any self-acting machine with vertical saw in existence, and more |. Shingles from the same |. quantity of timber. aoe —_—_ TAE FRAME——— ...Is of Iron throughout, very [copy. ] HastineGs, Dec. 3, 1894. F. J. DRAKE, Esq., Belleville. Dear Sir,—We have waited two years before giving you our idea of your machinery. ~This we do to thoroughly test it, and can now say we know what it can do. Your Saw Mill is equal, or nearly equal to any we have seen of much heavier make, and far in advance of any light rig in the market. The capacity per day is fully up to your guarantee, 40 M per day. We have tested heavy and rigid, strongly bolted and braced. oo ee” THE CARRIAGE ... Is very light and strong, made of forged Cast Steel with eight men. The Shingle Mill cannot be beaten for any kind of timber. Ours being in a manner a custom mill, we have good, bad and in- different timber, but for all it does the work satisfactorily. | Plate, running on steel ways or You may use this in any way tracks. Will take in a block 13 you please, or refer to us at any time. inches wide and 19 inches long, adjustable for 16-inch or 18-inch shingles. Yours truly, (Sgd.) W. J. & H. W. Fow ps. —— CAPACITY FROM 25,000 TO 50,000 PER DAY————— anatlian Locomotive & Engin GO., cintex, ~~ Kinoston, Ont MANUFACTURERS, UNDER THE F. J. DRAKE PATENTS, OF _ SAW, SHINGLE and LATH MACHINERY. i ah 7. eee ** ” eS ee ope THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Ee voy . , - THE JAMES ROBERTSON CO. 110. =" — Saws of all Description :::: Supplies, including Orders promptly attended to. Satisfaction guaranteed. Correspondence Solicited. s2:222A full line of Mill Rubber and Leather Belting, Babbit Metal, &c., always carried in stock. 54 : 4 Head Office : Factories at 144 William St.¥ Montreal, ‘Toronto MONTREAL St.John, NB. | & LH mi a ALLOURSAWS CNN St CIRCULAR, GANG FULLY WARRANTED F JuLy, 1896 Price obtained, $30. Total amount, Purchasers, Pinault et Frere. mile, $30. $3,601.15. BONAVENTURE WEST AGENCY. This and the Gaspe agency following is valu- able for the white spruce and cedar thereon, there being also a little pine. Grand Cascapedia, No. 2 North. Area, 24 square miles. Upset price per mile, $25. Price obtained, $110. Total amount, $2,714.52. Purchaser, J. M. Fortier. Grand Cascapedia, No. 2 South. Area, 24 square miles. Upset price per mile, $25. Price obtained, $70. Total amount, $1,754.52. Pur- chaser, G. A. Grier. Grand Cascapedia, No. 3 South. Area, 16 square miles. Upset price per mile, $25. Price obtained, $99. Total amount, $1,633.68. Pur- chaser, J. M. Fortier. ; Salmon River. Area, 36square miles. Upset price per mile, $25. Price obtained, $125. Total amount, $4,611.78. Purchaser, J. M. Fortier. Carleton, No. 3. price per mile, $20. amount, $236.42. Area, 4 square miles. Upset Price obtained, $56. Total Purchasers, J. & P. Nadeau. GASPE CENTRE AGENCY. York River, No. 2, North. . Area, 3 square miles. Upset price per mile, $20. Price obtain- ed, $21. Total amount, $72.32. Angus McKinnon. Purchaser, The total sum realized was $70,401.93, which includes ground rent and fire tax for current -season. As regards the timber agencies in the east and north part of the province, it would not be sur- prising if at no distant date a fair price was realized for the white birch (Bouleau) thereon. THE DISPOSAL OF SAWDUST. Just at the present time the disposal of saw- dust is a live question, in view of the fact that the Dominion government has prohibited the dis- The following particulars and illustrations in reference thereto, taken from our esteemed contemporary, The Timberman, will doubtless prove interesting to saw-mill owners :-— charging of such into rivers and streams. The advent of improved machinery and general advance in the study of uses of waste products have in recent years brought out some interesting developments in the sawdust line. The writer has knowledge of the details of some late work along this line which may interest those who have sawdust to dispose of, for, if the projects are suc- cessful, there will of course be a demand for a The new process of reducing sawdust to the proper form for compression into blocks involves some special material which is now largely wasted. machinery and apparatus, views of which are herewith presented. Fig. 1 shows an upright boiler arrangement, which was constructed from an old boiler, being fitted with the inlet pipe connections at the top at E, through which the sawdust is run from above. The ingredients used in combination with the boiling of the sawdust are introduced through the pipe F, and consist of 12 pounds pale grade resin, 15 pounds degras, 6 pounds litharge, 13 pounds chalk, 12 pounds petroleum, and sev- eral pails of lard oil, to a 300 pound batch of sawdust. As the sawdust falls into the boiler THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ; = ce 2 through the pipe E, it receivés a saturation of steam. the latter being admitted through the pipe H. When the boiler is nearly filled, a check valve is closed in the pipe E, thus preventing more sawdust from entering ; the valve H is opened full torce and some water also permitted to enter this way, which in combination with the Fic. 1.—BOILING AND STEAMING THE SAWDUST. steam boils and works the sawdust and the com- pounds together thoroughly. This is kept up several hours. The temperature is known by the gauges at C. Next, the steaming and boiling process is stopped, the door D opened, and the worked sawdust shovelled out. From this point it goes to the paper pulp mill, where the sawdust is re- duced to a pulpy condition in the ordinary way in which wood chips, etc., are digested for paper making. The next work calls for the return of the prepared pulpy mass to the shop, in which it is partly dried out in large square pieces, and these are compressed into compact forms in such machines as are shown in figures 2 and 3. The principle of the specially devised machine presented in fig. 1 is shown without the frame work, the latter being very powerful. The large sawdust pulp block is seen in the centre in process of being compressed between the steel plates A, A, A. These plates are adjusted to suit the con- Fic. 2.—First PROCESS OF COMPRESSION. ditions, and when the wheels F revolve and in turn revolve the large wheel E, the cam on Don the shaft of the latter forces the lever C forward slowly and firmly. The push block B is fixed to this lever as shown, so that the forward motion of the lever carries the block too. ment is such that a very powerful compression is The arrange- secured, and the sawdust pulp is greatly reduced in dimensions, and consequently compacted. But further compressing is desired to attain the ends required for many purposes. This second pressing is done on a machine of finer construc- tion, as may be observed in fig. 3, in which the same block of pulp sawdust is shown in the centre in act of being squeezed into small proportions between the upper press plates A, A and the side pushers B, B. This view is a top one and shows what may be seen when looking down upon the machine. Of course, all the bearings of the shafts are very strong, and so is the frame. These parts are not shown in the drawing. The work is as follows: The belt drives the wheel F, and this in turn imparts motion to the series of wheels E, E, E, E by means of the bev- elled gears as presented in the view. These gears marked E are keyed to heavy screw shafts, and cause these shafts to move as required. The face of each gear is made wider than ap- pears to be represented in the sketch, and this width permits considerable play inward and out- ward according to the conditions. All this ma- chinery is, of course, experimental and crude. As to some of the uses to which the product may be put, they may be classed as follows: Sawdust bricks, for the compressed stock is so Fic. 3.—PROcEsSS OF SECOND COMPACTING OF THE BLOCKS. hard and efficient that there is no doubt that it can be used as a building material, providing that some sort of a weather-proof coating is put on. Thus far, a cheap enamelling has been used, and the brick present a most attractive appear- ance. Then the pressed blocks are so firm that they are in condition for many uses. be cut and turned into handles for tools, loom shuttles, tops, buttons, and like articles, which are usually made from stock in which there is They may little or no grain, or in which the grain is very close. The sawdust blocks are so closely com- pacted that there is no possibility of splintering. Spools for thread, picture frames, mouldings, and hundreds of like goods are possible to make from this material. LARGE as is the amount of Canadian lumber exported, it forms only one-quarter of the sawn lumber received in Great Britain, and only one- sixteenth of the square timber, the great propor- tion being the product of the north of Europe and the Southern States. Great Britain is the largest importer of timber among the nations of the earth, her own forestarea being only about four per cent., and contributing but little towards the lumber requirements of the nation. July, 1896, 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN LARGEST MODERN SAW-MILL IN THE DOMINION. [ComMMUNICATED.] Messrs. Andre Cushing & Co., St. John, N. B., have just completed the building of their new mill to take the place of the one burned last year. The old mill was established in 1852, right at the edge of the falls, on the St. John river, on what is known as Union Point. The new mill has a capacity of one hundred and fifty thousand superficial feet per day, or forty-five million feet annually, without counting in the nights, and they are expected to be quite as im- portant a factor as the days in the operation of this mill. The energy and indomitable pluck of George S. Cushing, shown in undertaking and carrying to a successful issue such a mammoth enterprise at a period when everyone was crying hard times and business depression, has proved a great benefit to the city of St. John and the vicinity, where most of the fittings, etc., have been purchas- ed, and above all, to the large number of men who have found steady employment during the erec- tion of the buildings and the placing of the ma- chinery, for the work was carried on right through the winter months, when work of any kind is rather scarce and a sort of luxury. The mill is thoroughly modern in every respect, and neither expense, labor nor care have been spared to enable Mr. Cushing to saw his lumber and handle the same to the best advantage for shipment to the Sound, New York, Boston, and foreign markets. All precaution has been taken to prevent loss by fire that the insurance com- panies could recommend, and much that they did not recommend. The boiler house -is separate from the mill proper and is composed entirely of non-inflammable material. The mill proper is two hundred and twenty-six feet by sixty feet, three stories, on a stone and brick foundation, and shows one marked improvement over most mills, in that, owing to the height of the floors, the same being, respectively, sixteen, twelve and twelve feet, the light is extra good, and the danger of fire vastly decreased. The mill proper was erected under the super- intendence of Jas. Sterling, St. John, N. B., after the plans of the owner and manager, George S. Cushing, and the blue prints of the same fur- nished by the Filer & Stowell Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Eight hundred thousand feet of lumber, or fifty-two cars, or four transcontinental trains, were used therein, besides some four hundred thousand bricks, of which thirty thousand are fire-brick ; or, if put on teams at one time and hauled to the mill, there would be one thousand teams, so that the line of teams would reach twenty-five thousand feet, or nearly five miles. To this add one hundred and eighty barrels of cement, three hundred barrels of lime, twenty- three hundred barrels of sand and seventeen tons of fire-clay, and you will have a small idea of the material used in the erection of this mill. The boiler house is a model of perfection, is forty-eight feet by ninety-six feet by twenty- two feet, and contains six boilers, built by Jas. Fleming, St. John. They are a credit to the firm and to their designer. This firm, however, lacks one essential, viz., membership in The Concatenated Order of Hoo-Hoo. The same firm also-built the double engines, with a five-hundred horse-power. The boiler house is removed from the mill thirteen feet, and outside of the drive- belt the connections are, of metal—even the feed sluice box. A word as to this drive-belt—it is forty-eight inches wide and one hundred and ten feet six inches long, of double leather, manufac- tured by Grattan & Knight, Worcester, Mass., is made entirely of the best part of the hides, viz., - the backs, and was furnished by T. McAvity & Sons, St. John, N. B. The same firm also fur- nished all the other belting, some two thousand feet, as well as the steam fittings, etc. The saw-dust carriers, in which there are six hundred and forty feet of wrought iron, were made by a local blacksmith, and James Elliott has reason to be proud of his workmanship, for this mass of carriers moved off without a hitch or a mite of bother. This carrier is called ‘‘Cush- ing’s Latest,” and is composed of eight-inch links interwoven one with the other. Messrs. Waring & White have supplied most of the pulleys and shafting, as well as both the edgers, and their worth will be better known later. The band-saw machines were furnished by the Filer & Stowell Co., the order being placed through their representative, Ike Trissell, com- monly known to the eastern lumbermen as ‘‘The Royal Ike.” He also furnished the two steam niggers, the two Cline log rollers, and the sixty- inch inserted tooth steam jump-saw, as well as the centre-deck eccentric log jumpers. Hoo-Hoo No. 1284, T. S. Wilkins, furnished the Giddings & Lewis Mfg. Co.’s gang, and great things are expected from this piece of ma- chinery from Fond du Lac, Wis. Cowan & Company, Galt, Ont., placed their planing machines in this mill, and they warrant them to be the best ever placed in the Dominion, and to be capable of any class of work required of that style of machine. This miscellaneous mass of machinery, pulleys, shafting, belting, steam roller and bolts, &c., were placed before W. P. Jobson, Hoo-Hoo No. 3727, New Orleans, La., as waggon load after waggon load arrived and the different cars were reported on the siding, and he was asked to make a mill and to be sure to have the mill the most modern hereabouts. How well he did it was demonstrated as hour after hour, day after day, week after week and month after month, he kept placing piece after piece of pulley, circu- lar saw, band saw, rollers, &c., &c., &c., gradu- ally bringing order out of chaos, and so it went on until one day he announced that he was ready to start the steam and turn everything over. There was no hesitation or fear to be noticed onhis faceas he gave the word to start. He never seemed to think that there might bea pulley out of line, a connection loose, or a key not in its proper place ; but after everything had moved along just as if it had been running for weeks instead of minutes, and a log lay on the bed hauled up the steepest log-slip ever built, he was seen working Mr. Cushing’s hand like a pump handle, as if he were trying to bail out his pockets, which the salt brine from his sparkling eyes kept filled to their utmost capacity. Mr. Jobson met a great deal of adverse criti- cism on account of many of his devices for the saving of the handling of the lumber any more than was absolutely necessary, but just the same he followed out his own ideas, and later his wife came east to help him enjoy his present success. The cat came back, and to-day, as the emblem of the Hoo-Hoo floats above the premises, it ex- cites the wonder and admiration (?) of the public. Briefly recapitulating, the material used is as follows: Cement (Portland), 180 barrels ; lime, 300 barrels; sand, 2,300 barrels; fire-clay, 17 tons ; six boilers, 48 tons ; two engines, 14 tons; crank-shaft, 41% tons; fly-wheel, 8% tons; two band-saws, &c., 62% tons; gang, 15 tons; brick, common, 370,000; brick, fire, 30,000; lumber, 800,000 sq. ft. To facilitate the work during the short winter days and for night work the mill is equipped with E. Leonard & Sons’ automatic engine, and the Canadian General Electric Co.’s dynamo, with 225 lights, including 1o arc lights for the wharves. The boilers dre supplied with fresh water piped for six miles from the famous Spruce lake. This latter in itself is a vast improvement over the old mill, which used the river water, to say nothing of the mud that came along at the same time, and the salt that was very injurious to the boilers. A very interesting feature is to note how the men stay by this company. There are_twenty- five or more who have been in the employ of Andre Cushing & Co. for over ten years, viz.: Terence O’Brien, 1852 (since the company started), 44 years—he has been on the Point for 60 years; Chas. Hagarty, 1863, 33 years; Jep. Duke, 1870, 26 years; Wm. McKinnon, Wm. Lynton, Michael Kingston, Patrick Gleason, Robert Gaskin, Daniel Sexton, Bat. Hagarty, 1873, 23 years; Lawrence Gary, Michael Cullion, Wn. Nixon, 1874, 22 years; Thos. Coram, 1870, 17 years; Gilbert L. Purdy, 1880, 16 years; John Cullion, John Cronin, Henry Herricks, George McLaughlin, 1880, 16 years; Patrick McQuinn, Newton Fowler, 1882, 14 years; Ed- ward Goldie, 1884, 12 years; Willard Dykeman, John Gillis, 1885, 11 years; Wm. Herricks, 1873, 23 years. OLD ‘TIMBER LIMITS. KINGSTON, June gth, 1896. To the Editor of the CanapA LUMBERMAN: Dear Sir,—I understand that Messrs. Gil- mour & Co., Bronson & Weston, and probably some other of the lumber kings, own, or rather hold, under Government licenses, a large amount of land in the central and north part of Hastings county. On this land there is a very large quan- tity of fallen pine timber, as well as considerable standing but dead pine. The live pine has been all removed, or at least cut down, years ago. This fallen pine is perfectly good for many purposes, but the limit holders will not use it themselves nor allow anyone else todo so. If they would sell it the Government would derive considerable from the dues, but they have refused to do so. I think the Government, in view of the fact that the timber is becoming more worthless every year, should either cancel the license and sell to some one who will remove it, or compel the present owners to do so. Yours truly, ‘* LUMBERMAN.” Examine the foundation bolts on your engine occasionally to see that the nuts are not working loose. If they have nuts on both ends, adjust them so that the bolt will be flush with top of nut on the upper side. no The > Aa = = = ue az Z WEEKLY EDITION Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages} $00 per year {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. Vor. It. TORONTO, ONT., JUNB 24, 1896 (CANADA [,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY C. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office : New York Lire InsuRANCE BUILDING, MonTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every, Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing millmen and manufacturers of lumber products. &@ Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to call at the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. We shall have pleasure in giving them any information desired. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of ts cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and isset in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. FOR SALE. WO ALLIGATOR STEAM WARPING TUGS; J in good working order. For pricesand particulars apply to Gi_mour & Co., Trenton, Ont. FOR SALE. FEW CARS 3xz0, 12 AND 16 FT. TAMARAC; a few cars 1x6 to 8, 16 ft. hemlock fencing. Craic & AusTIN, Kinmount, Ont. The Timber News, of London, Eng., says: The freight market is decidedly firmer both from Baltic and St. Lawrence ports. This is the first real indication, we contend, we have really had of better times. Better trade is now beginning to make itself felt. The following fixtures are announced: Montreal or Three Rivers to London, steamer, 1,100 stds., July, 4os. St. John (N.B.), W.C. England, July, steamer, 38s. ; Manchester, 39s. St. John, Bordeaux, 52 fres., ‘‘ Jeanne Conseil.” Puget Sound or Burrard Inlet, U.K., 62s. 6d. less 2s. 6d., ‘‘John A. Briggs” (sailer). Puget Sound or Burrard Inlet, Sydney, 33s. 6d., ““C. F. Sargent” (sailer). Mobile, U. K., 96s. 3d., 30s, 6d. 1,000 tons. Montreal, «Forest Brook,” July, 4os., U. K., deals. Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps fora copy of the LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPECTION Book, containing rules for the inspection of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. No. 25. JUDICIAL SALE OF LICENSES FOR MBER Be Pursuant to the judgment in an action in the Common Pl as Division of the High Court of Justice for Ontario of Beck v Spohn, et al, there will be offered for sale at public auction (with the approbation of the Local Mast-r of said court at Barrie), by Messrs. Dickson & Townsend, Auctioneers, at their rooms, No. 22 King Street West, in the City of Toronto, Ontario, at the bour of x<0’clock noon, on Thursday, the Twenty-Third Day of July, 1896: _(A) The following Ontario Government Provincial timber berth licenses :— Parcel No. 1—License for berth No. 2 in the Town- ship of Finlayson, in the District of Nipissing ; area, including road allowances, about 1034 square miles. Parcel No. 2—License for berth No. 3 in the Town- ship of McCraney, in the District of Nipissing ; area, including road allowances, about 11% square miles. Parcel No. 3—License for b rth No. 19 in the District of Rainy River; area, about x11 44-100 square miles. Parcel No. 4—License for berth No. 20 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 5 square miles. Parcel No. 5—License for berth No. 21 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 4 square miles. Parcel No. 6—License for berth No. 25 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 11 square miles. Parcel No. 7—License for berth No. 27 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 7 square miles. Parcel No. 8—License for berth No. 65 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 7 square miles. Parcel No. 9—License for berth No. 67in the District of Rainy River; area, about 1% square miles. Parcel No, 1o—License for berth No. 68 in the District of Rainy River; area, about 4 square miles. ALSO—(B) The following Dominion of Canada Government timber berth license :— Parcel No. 11—License for berth No. 292, situated on the north fork of High River, in the District of Al- berta; area, about 47 8-100 square miles. TERMS OF SALE. Each parcel will be offered separately and subject to a reserved bid fixed by the said Local Master. The biddings will be of a price per square mile. The license of each berth will be sold subject to the various conditions contained or to be contained therein, and to the various statutes, orders in Council, regula- tions, dues and conditions now affecting or which may hereafter be passed or imposed affecting the same. The price will be computed according to the areas stated above, and no allowance will be made for short- age or for water or for road allowances. No error in any of the above descriptions or in any map exhibited by the Vendor's Solicitors shall annul the sale, nor shall any compensation be allowed in respect thereof. Ground rent and Government dues will be apportioned to the date of sale and assumed by the purchaser from the date of sale. No timber on any berth shall be cut until the purchase money of the license thereof bas been paid in full. The purchaser shall at the time of sale pay down a deposit in proportion of $25 for every $100 of the pur- chase money, and shall pay the balance into court with- out interest to the credit of this cause, within thirty days after the sale. The parties to the action, including the Vendor, shall be at liberty to bid. The other conditions of sale will be the standing con- ditions of the court. Maps of the berths may be seen at the offices of the Vendor's Solicitors. Further particulars may be had from Messrs. BLAKE, LASH & CASSELS, Canadian Bank of Commerce Building, Toronto, Vendor's Solicitors, and Messrs. M’CARTHY, PEPLER & M’CARTHY, Solicitors, of Barrie. gated at Barrie this third day of December, A.D. 1895. J. R. COTTER, Master. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO, The week preceding the date of a general Dominion election is always a quiet one in business circles. The political cam- paign which has just ended, and which has resulted in placing the Liberal party in power, will settle matters in this respect for a few yeais at least, and commerce should now resume its normal condition. This, it is hoped, will assist in improving the lumber trade, which is greatly in need of a revival. The condition of white pine cannot be said to show any improvement. Only the better grades are in demand, it being difficult to effect sales of common stock even at a very low figure. No one seems to be actually in need of pine, and consequently consumers are holding off until election matters are settled and com- merce has resumed its usual course before placing orders. In hardwoods the situa- tion is a little different. There is a fair number of inquiries, and manufacturers could dispose of stock at current prices quite freely. But many of the mills are asking for an advance ranging from 50 cents to $1.50 per thousand feet, and this has prevented some sales. Several whole- sale dealers state that in the case of stocks which they have handled for years they are asked to pay the advance above men- tioned, while the consumer is unwilling to pay a higher price for his lumber. This may eventually result, however, in in- creased values. The general tone of the hardwood market is firm, there being some trade from the United States, while of the woods which are scarce the supply 1s not equal to requirements. Among these are white maple and dry oak. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. The spruce lumber of Quebec and New Brunswick is meeting with ready con- sumption in Great Britain. Prices have been well maintained, shippers realizing a marked advance over last year’s figures. It is now more than probable that no de- cline in values will occur this season, and unless there is an over-production, induced as a result of the firm market, still better prices may be obtained. Charters for steamers for July and August are being made ata higher rate than for any previous month of the year. Shipments from Montreal last week were large, and are gradually reducing the stock in the hands of manufacturers. This will mean that the new cut will meet with a ready de- mand when placed upon the market. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. There has been a falling off of late in the demand for lumber for foreign ship- ment from British Columbia. The local market, however, has maintained its strength, while to the eastern provinces of the Dominion there have been heavy ship- ments. of the present unsettled condition of the country as a result of the recent elections. In Manitoba there is little life exhibited by the trade, building being quiet. Crop prospects, on the other hand, are con- sidered favorable. UNITED STATES. The month of June thus far shows the aggregate volume of lumber sold to be about equal to the sales of the same month last year, although trade is as yet very restricted. It must be said, how- ever, that a better feeling exists among lumbermen, and reports from leading dis- tributing points are indicative of a better trade. In the northern states, where the output of white pine is being curtailed, there will not be the surplus of low grades which have in former years tended to keep pricesdown. From Duluth the shipments for the past week were above the average, and the market is thought to be steadily gaining strength. Reports also state that crops are in an excellent condition, and these would seem to be verified by the de- mand which is being experienced for barn stock and repair material. The eastern trade is not in as healthy condition as it was some weeks ago. More difficulty is found in disposing of lumber, notwith- standing that building operations are of an average volume. The local and the Canadian product is meeting with less favor than the Southern wood, yet the call on the supply does not satisfy manufac- turers of the latter, who will make an effort to restrict production. oak leads among the hardwoods, and the supply of dry stock is scarcely meeting the requirements. More business could be done in hardwoods if there were more good stocks to be obtained, but dry stock is scarce and there is little of the new cut which is in a fit condition to market. There is also some call for inch red oak. Birch has lost strength of late, and meets with little inquiry. In the west the accu- mulation of red cedar shingles is said to be so great that the mills will probably be closed down for a period. The Pacific coast trade as a whole partakes of dullness. FOREIGN. A comparison of the imports of wood goods into Great Britain is indicative of the healthy condition which has character- ized the lumber trade of that country of late. During the month of May the im- ports were 662,000 loads, as against 470,- ni ee ee, a ee yy eee a ee a SE ee eA This is encouraging in the face — Plain sawed red me * a ol tn re © 2 on ee oh tee alain’ if 000 loads in May, 1895, and 602,000 loads during the same period in 1894. This in- crease is made up of sawn timber, the im- ports of logs showing a slight decrease. Notwithstanding the large quantity of sawn lumber which has been received, there is a reduced stock in the hands of shippers, and many cargoes have been disposed of immediately upon arrival. The general tone of the market is such as to add further strength to the hands of shippers. At Liverpool the import of spruce deals does not meet the require- ments, and nearly every cargo is placed before discharged. The conviction is gaining ground that there will be no drop in prices during the summer months at least. The present tendency is towards a further advance, but whether shippers are justified in asking it isa question. Scant- lings have advanced, and there is a keen demand for almost every size. At London 2¥% and 2 in. battens and 1 and % floor- ing are the sizes chiefly in request. There is an extreme scarcity of small dimension stuff, and available stocks are eagerly sought for. Glasgow trade continues brisk in spruce deals, while at Hull the ' demand is active and prices rule firm. Hardwoods show an upward tendency, particularly mahogany, which has realized good figures at the recent auction sales. STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. Playfair’s mill at Midland, Ont., is cut- ting 150,000 feet of lumber per day. During last week over 12,000,000 feet of deals, etc., cleared from St. John, N. B., for British ports. The barque Chrysolite carried 944,072 ft. of deals and 32,674 ft. deal ends from Parrsboro last week, for Rumcorn. Nine car loads of lumber were shipped east by the mills of New Westminster, B. C., during the week ending June 13th. W. M. McKay shipped from Parrsboro, N. S., last week, for Manchester, Eng., 1,704,890 ft. deals and 70,651 ft. deal ends. G. G. & W. C. King’s new millat Chip- man, N. B., has commenced operations. It has a sawing. capacity of 20,000 feet per day. The Canada Lumber Company’s mills _in Carleton Place have suspended opera- tions at night for a time, owing to delay with the log drive. Alex. Gibson’s saw mill at Marysville, N. B., which has been closed down on ac- count of a scarcity of logs, has resumed operations, his drives having come in as the result of the recent rains. FOREIGN. Demand for wide stuff at Boston is much improved, and receipts scarcely equal to the requirements. Log run sells at Saginaw, Mich., at $10 to $20. Fair Canada s:ocks bring $14, box lumber $9, and bill stuff $8 to $8.50. Perley, Lowe & Co., of Chicago, have placed an order for the entire cut of the Peshtigo Lumber Co., of Peshtigo, ag- gregating 25,000,000 feet. A Chicago dealer reports a general scarcity of C selects. 2-inch shop com- CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY ED:TION. mon brings $24, 14-inch B select, $35 to $36, and 2-inch B select, $36 to $37. There has been shipped from Alpena, Mich., this season, 21,409,000 ft. lumber, 2,100,000 shingles; 610,000 pieces lath, 137,703 railway ties, 90,000 cedar posts, and 6,621 telegraph poles. Shipments from Duluth for the first half of June were 15,000,000 feet of lumber, of which 10,000,000 feet went to Tonawanda. Shingle shipments were as follows: 358,- 000 to Sarnia, 1,375,000 to Buffalo, and 375,000 to Hamilton, Ont. No lath were shipped. The following figures were realized at McDowall & Neilson’s auction sale at Greenock, Scotland: Ist Quebec pine ends, 6/8 x 7/17 x 3, sold at 2s. 2¥%d.; Ist Quebec pine deals, 9 x 7/17 x 3, at 2s. 2d.; 2nd Quebec pine deals, 9 x I1 x 3, at Is. 1od.; 2nd Quebec pine ends, 5 x 9 x 3, at Is. Id.; 3rd Quebec pine deals, 9 x 7/16 x 3, at Is. Id.; 3rd Quebec pine ends, 6/8 x 7/17 x 3, at 11d.; Quebec pine deals, 7/10 X 3, at 9d.; Quebec spruce deals, 12/13 X 9 x 3, at 934d. and 93d. THE SITUATION. REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF THE “WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” Frank Rounds, saw and planing mill, Welland, Ont., reports that sales have been good this spring, notwithstanding low prices and scarcity of money. John E. Cutler, Welland, Ont., is doing a fair retail and general building timber supply trade. He reports a good spring, with prospects quite satisfactory. Cook & Son, St. Catharines, Ont., lum- ber dealers and contractors, report a busy season. Trade has improved, and they have recently placed a large order with J. B. Smith & Sons, Toronto. Jas. Harriman, Niagara Falls, Ont., re- ports business fairly good. Building stuff is in fair demand. Waugh & Robinson, of same place, find trade dull. Prices are low, and prospects none too bright. W. L. Rice, Welland, Ont., retail lum- ber and planing mill, finds the demand in- creasing, but piices are low and money scarce. Fires have been frequent, and an increased amount of building is expected. McLeary & McLean, Merritton, Ont., who retail lumber and manufacture sashes, doors, etc., find a good demand for build- ing supplies, but the lumber business generally is dull and prospects give little encouragement. A. Bigelow & Son, Lower Steéwiacke, N. S.: Spruce and hardwood are moving freely. Most of the deals manufactured have been sold at a good advance over last season’s prices. Our cut of spruce and hardwood is larger than last year. Prices are firm. W. W. Carter, Fesserton, Ont.: First and second quality oak and soft elm and good pine in most demand. Common grades very dull. Am receiving a fair amount of orders for pine and hemlock bill timber. There is a heavy stock of pine in common grades left, but the better grades of 14% and 2 inch are all sold. Prices have changed very little, probably a slight decline. Sauble Falls Lumber Co., Sauble Falls, Ont.: Business in this district cannot be said to be in a flourishing condition, though numerous inquiries about stocks would seem to indicate that prospects are bright- ening. We have soid for immediate de- Do You Use Mahogany? If so don’t buy until you have seen or inquired about our now famous © Finest figured wood on the market ; is hard and takes elegant finish. *-FABASCO MAHOGANY | Brings high- est prices in Europe, but we sell here about same prices as ordinary mahogany. Specially adapted for fine cabinet and interior finish LAWRENCE & WIGGIN | Importers and Manufacturers f , ‘< BOSTON, MASS. livery 200,000 ft. hardwood and 700,000 ft. hemlock of this season’s cut. So far there is little demand for shingles or lath. Rail- road contractors are in the field for timber supplies. We have just had an inquiry for 150,000 hemlock ties. FIRES. Chas. Warwick’s saw mill at Shedden, Ont., has been destroyed by fire. Loss, $4,500; insurance, $2,500. 7 On the evening of the 19th inst., about 8:15, fire was discovered in Howry & Sons’ lumber yard No. I, at Fenelon Falls, Ont. Assist- ance was immediately asked for from Lindsay, Peterborough, Bobcaygeon and Port Hope. The local fire company turned out, and togeth- er with the pump in the saw mill, the flames were prevented from coming back and destroy- ing the planing mill and box factory, saving about two million feet of lumber in yard No.1. There were burned between 12 and 13 million feet. The loss is estimated at $220,000 to $240,000, fully covered by insurance. The bucket brigade, together with the assistance of the Lindsay and Peterborough teams, prevent- ed the fire from extending to yards No. 2 and No. 3. There was a slight easterly wind, which assisted the local company in preventing the burning of the entire plant. There were several small cars and two Grand Trunk flats burned, which were loaded with lumber. Howry’s locomotive during the fire pulled out a train of loaded cars, thus saving them from destruction. The employees of the com- pany turned out and worked manfully to save the lumber and prevent the spread of the flames to adjoining property. The origin of the fire is unknown, except that it was first discovered in a small barn which stands close to the yard and which had presumably been occupied by children during the afternoon. Howry & Sons will at once rebuild the railroad tracks, their mill having started the next day, and will continue to run night and day during the season. The stock burned was principally 1%", 144” and 2” selected pine put out for export, and most of it was sold to be shipped as soon as dry. There was also nearly five million shingles, three million lath and three thousand cords of wood burned. It was for- tunate that there was only a slight wind pre- vailing at the time. SHIPPING MATTERS. Barktn. Trinidad will load lumber at Wind- sor, N.S., for Buenos Ayres at $9 ; if Rosario, $10. Barktn, Eva Lynch will load lumber at St. John, N.B., for Buenos Ayres at $8.75 ; if Rosario, $9.75. A charter has been made for a vessel, 510 tons, Quebec to Pembroke, at 19s. for timber and 41s. 3d. for deals. From Miramichi, N. B., June-July tonnage to W. C. England is worth 42s. 6d. and for August, 45s. to 46s. 3d. Steamer Terra, 1,778 tons, has been chart- ered to load deals at St. John, N.B., for Bristol Channel at 38s. 3d. Steamer San Domitgo will load deals at Pugwash for W.C. E. at 41s, The following charters are reported: Miramichi to west coast of England, 394 NV, deals, 46s, sailer; St. John, N. B., to Bor- deaux, deals, 40s. ; a ship, 1,118 tons, Quebec to Buenos Ayres, lumber, $9.50. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way are as follows: Ottawa to Toronto, 10 cents per too Ibs ; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.go per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,000 lbs and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per 100 lbs.: Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per roo lbs. Ottawa to New ¥ ork, water delivery, lots of 50 M feet and over, $2.50 per M ft.; under 50 M feet, $3.25 per M ft. (subject to extra towage) 3,000 lbs. and under;er M ft. Arn- prior to New York, lots of 50 M feet and over, $3.00 per M ft.; under 50 M feet, $3.75 per M ft. (subject to™ extra towage) 3,000 .bs and under per M ft. Ottawa to boston Lumber Go. Red Oak, Basswood, Black Ash, Soft Elm, Cedar Shingles, Spruce.... 3 No. 27 Kilbu St., BOSTON, MASS. Correspondence Solicited. RONAN LINE ConnEction—Canadian Pacific Railway ; Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh; New York Central & H. R. Rd. Ronan Line. é Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports 13c. per 100 lbs.; Arnprior to Boston — Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; export 15 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents - 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Albany, 10 cents per 100 lbs, Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 100 lbs. Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 7202 Ibs., and rates quoted above are in cents per 100 lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the mi imum carload charged is 10 M ft., lumber not exceeding 3,000 lbs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. Lumber freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk Railway have been made a fixture,as below. Of any intended change due notice will be given lumbermen. General instructions in shipping by Grand ‘I: unk are embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On lum- ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. per car, unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 lbs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light lumber up to 30,000 lbs. to the car, then the act weight only will be charged for, but not less than 24,- ooo lbs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not be higher from an intermediate point on the straight run than from the first named point beyond, tothe pee tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or He worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, wi not be higher than the specific rates named from Wiar- ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill and Southampton to points east of Listowel and south and west of Stratford will be the same as from Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to be — charged than as per mileage table published on page 9 of tariff. Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Penetang, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Se and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; Brac a4 bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor- Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South Biver, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, gc.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, 1oc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c. T are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 7c. per 100 lbs.; to Deseronto, gc.; to Brockville — and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, ire. The rates on hardwoods average about from rc. to 2¢. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway — ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other” valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. ‘ On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pite and soft woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, N Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, gc ; Al- goma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River White- fish to Toronto, 12c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 14%c. per 100 lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 lbs., and an idvanced rate is charged for hardwoods. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : a “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 74c. per roc lbs from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- 3 tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like ee , Galt, London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from al lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood~ men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood — that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7c from same points. Telephone 5332 Established 1851 JOHN B. SMITH & SONS, MANUFACTURERS OF LUMBER Lath, Shingles, Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, Boxes, &c. BILL LUMBER a Specialty Cor. Strachan and Wellington Avenues, TORONTO. MiLALSa Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seco: : inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN No 8g State St., Boston, Mass. ; Inspection at mill. Wholesale Dealers in HUDSON RIVER LUMBER TRANSPORTATION. Water Connection from Albany with lumber points in Canada via Canadian Pacific Railway to New York Harbor, Long Island Sound and inland waters of New Jersey... . Orrices—Lumber District, Albany, N. Y.: South St., New York. Telephone yaa tiveadh te] PARKER C. RONAN, Manager Theserates v9 —e - > we } on . oe, -KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING S*EettY. ee Dee OE bee ee ae UNE 24, 1896 CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. Il, CANADIAN EXPORTERS 2” WHOLESALERS Thos. Meaney & Co. . London Canadian Chambers 103 Bau St. = Toronto, Ont. LU M B F ft MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : Vi axvracrurers OF . E are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have LUMBER W for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also ere SF sok © 16in. Pine Shingles and 4ft. Lath 1% in. wide. LATH ann SHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED Tw: PEMBROKE LUMBER 0.17. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. PEMBROKEX, ONT @ @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills Red Pine Dimension Logs, 22°52 282.28 9 feet to suit purchaser, and would contract for two to three million for next summer elivery at Spanish River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Rayside, C. P. R. Will have five tosix million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on limit at Spanish River. And have about five million feet at mouth French River which could be delivered at opening of navigation . . . . +--+. - YN - ~~ Sudbury, Ont. ert tee FOR SALE BOOTH & GORDO ; WM. MASON & SONS... intbenecn LUMBER LATH and Sd DIMENSION TIMBER “SuincLes We have the largest and best equipped Dimension Saw Mill in Eastern Canada. All our machinery is of the latest and most improved pattern, and we are prepared to quote prices on and supply at the shortest notice any orders that may be submitted to us. Address, P. 0. Box 1020, OTTAWA, ONT. Ottawa Ottawa Lumber 60. Ganada WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, etc. Wirite for Stock List DP eae CAIN Bi &% OQ): wHotesaLE HARDWOOD - umes 35 Adelaide East, Toronto, Ont. Send us full description and lowest price for any lumber you have for sale. Wea oe AY BALLER 8c: CO: Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER ° LATH ° SHINGLES Contractors for Railway Supplies Se MIDLAND ONT BILL TIMBER a Specialty . paw) EV) mee A Small, Well-Assorted Stock of Dry 2in. Hemlock from 2 x 4 to 2 x 12—10 ft. and up RTE a EE MEE ORE TE OT I A State Lowest Price and when cut, | with sizes and quantity. The Reid Co., Ltd., Toronto PACIFIC COAST LUMBER CoO. MANUFACTURERS OF ...... British Golumbia Red Gedar Lumber and Shingles Kiln-Dried Bevel Siding, V Siding, Geiling, Wainscotting Door Stock, Base, Gasings, Mouldings, etc. We do accurate work and make reasonably prompt shipments. NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C s B.C. YES, Yard No. 1, including most of our Seasoned Stock was burned, but do not forget that we are still in position to fill your orders for stock of almost every description, and can do so promptly. Our mills started directly after the fire, and we will continue to make lumber for you until the end of the season, and wish it understood we are as eager for your trade as ever. We thank our patrons for past favors, and solicit their future orders. Burk’s Falls, Ont. GENG $20.00 ~OG— SAMPLES BY MAIL KNIGHT BROS. FOREIGN EXPORTERS x” IMPORTERS E want to buy FOR CASH the following kinds of Lumber: : : :: Red Oak, Soft Elm Basswood (all thicknesses) > Write us promptly, stating what you have to offer in each kind and quantity of each thickness, also dryness, etc., with lowest prices. Empire Lumber Co. = Buffalo, N. Y. DONOGH & OLIVER °° °° | umber, Lath ana Shingles NORTH TONAWANDA, N.Y. > Re ) be tal = : : ES ~~ 1V DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman ”* BELTING Canadian Rubber Co., Montreal, Toronto and Winnipeg. McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. The Waterous Co., Brantford. DRY KILNS McEachrev Heating & Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Flushing, N.Y. The Emerson Co., Baltimore, Md. INJECTORS Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Hamilton Brass Mfg. Co., Hamilton, Ont. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. MACHINERY Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. ‘ Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., Kingston, Ont. Darling Bros., Montreal. Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que., Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., Small & Fisher, Woodstock, Ont. The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. RAILWAYS Flint & Pere Marquecte Railroad. Illinois Central R.R. SAW MANUFAC iURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. Ottawa Saw Works Co., Ottawa, Ont. 2 Robertson & Co., James, Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N.B. SPLIT PULLEYS Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. Fleming, W. A., Montreal, Toronto and Ottawa. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Donogh & Oliver, North Tonawanda, N.Y., and Toronto, Ont. Shier, J. D., Bracebridge, Ont. Wiggin, H. D., Boston, Mass. MISCELLANEOUS Axes, Campbell Bros., St. John, N. B. Alligator Tugs, West & Peachey, Simcoe, Ont. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Ont. Cant Dogs, Walter McFarlane, St. Marys, N. B. Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Lumbenng Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine F nives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Metal Roofing, Pedlar Metal Roofing Co., Oshawa, Ont. Patent Medicines, Ripan’s Chemical Co., New York, N.Y. Rails, Jobu Gartshore, Toronto. Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. WHOLESALE PRICES CURRBNT. TORONTO, ONT. ToRONTO, June 24, 1896. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. 144, 1% and 2 inch cut up and better........+++++++++++eee 33 00 36 00 2 inch picks and upperS...---- +++ sere sees seers eee e cess sens 35 00 37 50 ux1z2 dressing and better, 60/ 16 ft..........-seeeeneeneees 24 00 26 00 rxto fine dressing and better......... seceee renee eneeeees 23 00 25 00 rxro and 12 Canadian dressing and better................. 20 00 22 00 z 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank.............-sssseeeees 24 00 26 00 1 1-4 in. cut up and better.......---.e eee e cece ee ee eee ees 33 00 36 00 a Bano [Oates Se COPED REGn on coneonssceaURBrcco 16 00 18 00 1x10 and 12 common 15 00 1x10 and 12 mill culls. Rorao x inch clear and picks..........-.--- 32 00 z inch dressing and better..........- oe 22 00 rinch siding mill run...........---0es esse e cece en ceeeeene I4 00 15 00 Zr inch siding COMMON.......----+-se sees eee see eect eee eee II 00 1200 z inch siding ship culle............-.ee seen eee e ence e eee I0 50 II 50 rinch siding mill culls........--..-..00.seeseesceeweeeees 1850 9g 00 Cullscantling..........--2. 2s sere erence cect teen ence cease 8 00 9 00 x inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run..........-. 21+. se esses 13 00 14 00 x inch strips, common. . II 00 12 00 11-4 inch flooring.......+-.eeeesee ee eeee eee Biavcreeaey 16 00 ZT -2 INCH AOOTINEG.. 0... e eee e ence cece eee e eee e eens eeene 16 00 MRK shingles, 16 inch........--cesccesncccsseessceecsns 2 30 KM shingles 16inch........--.csiseeeccccecceceeseeveeees I 35 Lath, No. £...-..ceeeee ence cece cree eee e eee e ence cece eees I 60 MLE fm IM Oost hiaiascioiatale wie leleleieier=.v\nle’s w\avarslsi0 bis Pine, ‘shorts tage ie 7.00 900 Pine, box culls pias 9 00 It 00 Pine mill culls 7.09 10 00 Lath per MIN G6.X).d aecesinss coweunsamevse ste. net foeascavenece I 00 huge * ‘ " ¢ —_ i i J _ Ses CANADA LUMBERMAN AT a) + Lath per M No, tx1o No. 1 barn Ixto No. 2° “« 1x8 &g No.1 ‘ 1x8 & qg No.2 “ QUEBEC, QUE. QUEBEC, June 24, 1896. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. Bulle , : cts. cts. For Anferlontane ordinary according to average, quality etc., 6G HOSE DUP UUROMATGanED J Oancaigucnae canto acs ar I 22 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. 20 26 For good and good fairaverage ‘‘ ee es cy 5265) 30 For superior a Se iG ae {32 40 In shipping order ce a oh ie fO°36 W42 Waney board, 18 to 19 inch xs ve ne ss “36° 42 Waney board, 19 to 21 inch #6 RS +! *f FEM aR A eae RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality................. If, 22 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet ‘‘ 1 ies OAC Poe 22 30 OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . ... . .40 49 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 toso feet. .30 32 ae fs te "30 to 35 feet. .25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average and quality. . . . .22 30 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . . . .21 23 TAMARAC. Squa:e, according to sizeand quality. . ....... .1 I Flatted, " uf oy dls cme zs 3 DEALS. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $4> to $44 for rst, $28 to $30 for 2nd, $25 to $27 for 3rd, and $21 to $23 for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., June 24, 1896. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, 1 in., 10 in, and up Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $40 00 WAGE wale alas fe ole) n\oiai ala asl tce $45 0° 1%, 1% and2in 41 00 1%, 1% and 2in..........- 45 00] 2% and 3in......... aae 47, OO CHS Chel Gue ib Coe mic amdcionnsc 53 OOI||| Aidiaeayees «terete eaeereremtesmmererers 50 00 ASAD sccuyavale, Pay netaehslaateseisters 56 90 FINE COMMON. r in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 2% and 3in., 8in. and up wide 42 00 Pg AEhGl ution tench sac GO GON | A als co era totes =’ aaa taereteial drier 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO. 1 CUTTING. rin., 7in. and up wide...... 23 50| 234 and 3in., 7in. and up wide 37 oo ren i Ar Wo Ieee emp no onc BOLO) | [ASEM avec alone a eee anne eer 40 00 STRIPS, A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). tif in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 oo| 1in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 Giinsrwid chairs eile aerate 36 wo) | Gin. wider... eemeaneebennee 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. 1 in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide...... gore! || ainy, sO ame swides c/n «eels nie 39 00 LUNs, 4y Fly WIE. eter allan 25 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 1in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 00 | 1.in., 4, 5, 6in. wide........ 22 00 NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. 1in., 4,5 and 7 in 16 00! |% ins, 4,5 and 7 tte. cence pe I5 00 Fo tehy Olina nonenuecesnntia™ LY) OO ||irT Wels iO To's xr-rayapericate stoi teaomers 17 00 SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in., 10 in. stocks.... 25 00 rin, ro in. and up wide... 26 oo Telnes eacineiStOCKS ane iets 29 00 i in., 12 in. and up wide... 30 00 rin. 1% and 2in., 8in. and Up) Wide y=... d\c.vsrseeeerette 29 00 No. 2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 tin., roin. stocks 1 in., 12 in, stocks 24 I in., 10 in. and up wide.-. 23 00 Lin., 13 in. and up wide... 25 oo SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX, 1 in., 4and 5 in. wide....... $ 9 00 | 1 in., 13 in. and up wide..... $11 50 zin., 6in. wide......-.... +. 10 00) 1%, 1% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1 in., 7 in. wide and up...... Io 50 | up! Wide... 2) s.seaauceeee II 50 SHAKY CLEAR. 1in., 3, 4,5, 7, 8 and gin. wide 17 00 | 1 in., ro in, and up wide..... 18 00 I 1ns, Omid sevaseetmiate 18 00 | 1}, 1% and 2 in., 8in. and up Wider diac cccea tects 20 00 COFFIN BOARDS, No. 1, 1 in., 13in. and up.... 20 00 | No. x, millculls.....3....... 8 00 IS eh SAR a Ssdicn Gn vonacare 00 17 00 | No. 2, or red horse.......... 6 50 BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED. Extra clear (perfect)......... Banoo NING, Ba...) vou apne em eee 18 00 No. 1 (nearly clear). ...-.... 2DISO NON Geo nasance ie mese nine 14 00 TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. Nocways 2x4 to ro, 12 to r6ft.$ 8 50 | Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 18 ft £ aclu le steralavalel osvce tala le atare Io 50 16 feet BORE. ts vem dcate ate tambarns ssa II 50 PX iorara a nals. biaies pec ee 22 ANG AE riche latelors sale(el ate I2 50 Add $1 to each additional oft. in length. ; SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 00 | Standard brands, river made. (Clear Batteteee re Cees I 90 XXXX : Clear Butts < WHITE PINE LATH. Ossie ieiaenieoradia Heiajselsittesaneoe 1 60 é BO Rens ortinc sor ao BAO Ccs A I 20 Hemlock BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. Tonawanpa, N. Y., June 24, 1896. WHITE PINE. + 17 00 1300 secaeray zss+e++++$45 00 47 00| Shelving, No. x, 13 in 2% dl 3) IN ieee 50 09 55 00 and up,zin...... 30 00@31 00 PWilse rap ARCH aaraOS 54 00 57 00| Dressing 1Y%in..... + 24 00 25 00 Selects, rin. .. +3900 4000] 1z¥x10andze,..... 26 00 1% to2 in... + 4200 42 00 Tae MDee cae eeeee 24 00 25 00 2% and 3 in....... 47901 750'.00) |! E21 ines hee eee 25 00 28 00 AAD. cee seen seeee 52 00| Mold st’ps, x to 2in.. 31 00 33 00 Fine common I in... 35 00 37 00| Barn, No. 1, roand 12 1% and 1% Mitel 34.00 36 00 in. BAD’ viajeiess-(ae sieteere 34 00 3600] 6and 8 in BIN. ..s cece eee eeee 45 00 No. 2, ro and 12 in, 4, in........... <0 45 00| No. 3, roand z2in. Cut’g up, No. 1, 1in. 28 00 3000] 6and8in 14, t02 M--.serras 32 00 34 00| Common, rin No. 2, 1 in........ 15 00 1700] 1% andx¥% in No. 2,1% to2in.. 22 00 24 00| 2 in WHITE ASH. 1st & 2nd, 1 inch, 32 00 33 00 | 24% tog in.. 28 £3, tO IN: ..0 2 «sae 33 00 34 00} Stips..o. 0.0. Le 17 ae te a CullSiavemenins sch + 900 1000 fs sae ’ = 5 fies i A aint ; a : BLACK AND BROWN ASH, i ist & 2nd, 8 inch up, 20 00 2200 Com. & good culls10 00 12 00 BIRCH. : ' a ist & 2nd, 6 inch & ist & and, white, 6in. & up, 18 00 LLp), Sheed Se neers 28 00 30 00| Com & good culls..... 10 00 12 00 ELM. 1st & 2d, rock, 8in. & up, 18 00 22 00 1st & 2d, soft, 8in. & up, 16 00 18 oo : MAPLE. ist & 2d, hard, 6in. & up 18 00 20 00 1st & 2d, soft, 6in.& up, 17 00 19 00 WHITE OAK. ~ ist & and, plain, Clear squares, 5x5 8 in. & up... .:4..050°26.00 2800) to leA ena emuene 35 00 Good common....... I5 00 17 00| 1st & 2nd quartered, “Good ‘culls; \.-< wens» 10 00 1200] 6in. up..... Pashia | Common quartered... 25 00 30 00 — RED OAK. ‘ TSE 2ne ona cee ase 25 00 27 0)| Quartered 1st & 2nd.. 42 oo ‘Common. unico nee 14 00 16 00 ITLINLON so-so. alsip sin io) PIO = Call ereciere casts ‘asea* 9) @0, Oo . NEW YORK CITY. New York, N. Y., June 24, WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of suy rendering it useless to give prices for local market. > WHITE PINE TIMBER. ae. Bridge timber....... $28 00 @ 49 00 | Building orders.....$27 00 @ Decking ey van. « ! 7}) | | Mi r . ZN Fk AI < Gy mM ANY d mn 4 E VA; SS == | : E mT 1 = | | hi [AF ‘| — AN | " = s AN | ‘ | al d | ! SF, NI Ml | =S ( . TT SS x += | H | 7 SS > Sal i | Hae | ‘a SN } i a, y oN { f aN i ! Fol {| Wi | ae NO ANI) i H IRESCOTT i] 1 \ | I HM BANG MILL gall’) i MT \ | | iy | Hi PATO MARCHOS) f | J \ | H HBOS) oo Ly 0 im"! \\ i i ri lf nT} — He i di tl l } ry : un LON | i ofl MUIR A HM i 4 fe | H Vos iam ail H =A | Unf I} i 4 3 =e | } 4 MI | ! 1 | | |Z {i i] | Min joy l iy i } \ j y | y | ‘| | | | z ; | = | HH} ft) £9) Hi (eeu | i ill Hf Mi i = mA } om } ul i ¢¥ | {hl pa CF Ul | WAH |)!.. |!) | WH vl \ 4] | — | a Meee Pe Re ee ete Ne Nea ee tee eS eS THE WM. HAMILTON MFG. CO. Ltp. | : PETERBOROUGH, ONT. 4 Branch Offies: Vancouver. T#2 CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumE XVII. NuMBER 8. TORONTO, ONT., AUGUST, 1896 4 TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents. MANUFACTURING CYPRESS LUMBER IN BRITISH COLUMBIA. (Special Correspondence of the Canapa LUMBERMAN.) Amonc the new milling industries in British Columbia is that of the manufacture of cypress lumber, for which a new mill is being built at Takush Harbor, or the south shore of Smith’s Sound, on the mainland coast, some miles north of Vancouver Island. For expert purposes this is the most extreme limit of the lumber industry. Last year’ several local capitalists of Vancouver, who had secured a conces- sion of cypress limits on the north-west coast, were suc- cessful in disposing of it to a British syndicate at a large figure, and now it is in contemplation to operate on an extensive scale. Cypress, or yellow cedar (Thuya Excelsa), commer- cially is of great value, though limited in area on the coast. It is expected that it will rank in the markets of the world with mahogany. It is found in quantities on Queen Char- lotte Islands and in the interior of Vancouver Island, but is not so generally or easily accessible. Up to the present it has not entered into commercial operations to any material extent, and the present enterprise being a new departure, its success is looked forward to with some degree of interest. The Thuya Excelsa does not grow so large as the Gigantea, but it is a harder, heavier and choicer wood. It has a specific gravity about equal to the Douglas fir, will bear an equal strain, and is as durable as oak. In addition, however, to these qualities it takes the finish of mahogany, and is not unlike it in general appearance. There is nothing richer looking among our woods in exterior, unless it be the red cedar, which, however, is much more susceptible to injury and ‘‘ dinges,” and scratches easily. The limits in question are situated in the vicinity of Takush Harbor, and are owned by the Takush Harbor Timber Trading Co., Ltd., the head office of which is at 15 and 16 George street, Mansion House, London, E. C. It is proposed to manufacture spruce and red cedar as well. The mill, externally and interiorly, will be one of the most complete and modern on the coast, and is being fitted up entirely by the Wm. Ham- ilton Manufacturing Co., of Peterborough, Ont., and Vancouver, of which Mr. Robert Hamilton is manager for British Columbia. The building is 200 x 50 ft., 14 ft. high, with engine and boiler house 56 x 56 x 20 feet, the latter being rendered The engine is a heavy Corliss frame, high speed, with automatic governors, and when running 600 ft. There are fire-proof by a covering of corrugated iron. piston speed will develop 380 h. p. four 60” diameter boilers, 14 ft. long, return BLOCKED AGAIN. \ \ ) UNCLE Sam :-—“‘ Judge Wheeler's decision smashed the first gate, but by the time you get through that obstruction my friend here will have a gate that you can’t smash.” tubular and a w. pressure of 125 lbs. to the sq. inch ; tubular heater of latest design suitable for heating feed water ; fired automatically, the fuel being fed by an endless chain running over - the boiler. With regard to the fixed and moveable machinery and the operation of the same: The logs are hauled from the water in the usual way by endless chains with cast steel bunks, having spuds inserted therein. The log carriage has the latest cast steel bunks opening 60” from the saw rig, capable of cutting logs 64” in diameter, 50 ft. long, by using a double circular saw-rig, having two vertical saws standing one above the other, the diameters of which are 58” each, HC, \ | inserted hoe teeth being used in both saws. From the saw-rig to the extreme end of the mill there is a line of cast-iron rolls called ‘‘line rolls”? for moving the lumber to the outer end of the mill. mill is driven to and fro with a Cunningham The carriage on the log side of the twin engine steam feed. On the opposite. side of the mill there is a resaw machine capable of cutting up a cant 40” wide and 36 ft. long, the carriage being operated by a Prescott steam or There is also on the resaw side a line ‘‘shot-gun ” feed. of cast iron line rolls for When the passes the double circular, any portion moving lumber. lumber from of it to be resawed is carried across the mill by an endless The mill is Pacific coast gang-edger, two trim- chain transfer. equipped with a mer saws, conveyors for slabs and debris, etc., etc. The capacity of the mill will be 75,000 ft. in ten hours. A LEGAL DECISION. Tue Supreme Court of Minnesota held, in the recent case of Breault vs. Archambault et al., that under the provisions of the log lien law, General Stat- utes 1894, sections 2451 to. 2464 inclusive, a cook and his assistant employed at a 2 logging camp for the pur- ee of cooking for the men actually and directly engag- ed in cutting, hauling and banking logs, are entitled to liens upon such logs for the amount due for such services ; that a blacksmith employed at such camp in shoeing the horses, in re- pairing the sleds, and in mending and keeping in order tools used by the men actually and directly engaged in the common enterprise, is also entitled to a lien upon the logs, and that the manual labor for which a lien is given under section 2451 is not merely the personal labor of a lien claimant, but includes labor performed by his teams and servant under a contract for a gross price per month for both. SEE With some kinds of piston-rod packing, when the engine stands still over night, there is a deposit of packing and rust on the rod where the packing comes in contact with it. This evil may be greatly lessened by locating a sight feed oiler so that it will drop cylinder oil on the rod con- tinually while running. cee : TH “oe —_ AuGusT, 1896 HON J. M. GIBSON, COMMISSIONER OF CROWN LANDS FOR ONTARIO. TuE formation of the new Liberal government at Ottawa, and the appointment therein of Sir Oliver Mowat as Minister of Justice, has necessi- tated the reconstruction of the Ontario cabinet. Hon. A. S. Hardy, Lands for Ontario, becomes Attorney-General, while Hon. J. M. Gibson takes charge of the Crown Lands Department, and is succeeded as Provincial Secretary by Hon. W. D. Balfour, the Commissioner of Crown late speaker of the House. The appointment of Mr. Gibson to the posi- tion of Commissioner of Crown Lands is a mat- ter of great interest to readers of this journal, Hon. J. M. Grsson. and we therefore take pleasure in presenting herewith a capital likeness of the new head of the department. Having had charge of the public finances of the province for a number of years, he is well qualified to manage the depart- ment of which he has been given control, and from which is derived a large share of the pro- vincial revenues. Lieut.-Col. Hon. John Morrison Gibson was born in the Township of Toronto, County of York, Province of Ontario, on the 1st of January, 1842. He isa son of the late Wm. Gibson, farmer, who came to Canada in 1827 from Glamis, Forfarshire, Scotland, and a cousin of the late David Smith, who formerly represented North York in the old Parliament of Canada, and who was prominently associated with the late W. Lyon Mackenzie in the troubles of 1837. Educated at the Central School, Hamilton, and University College, Toronto, he took the degree of B. A. in 1863, carrying off the Prince’s prize of that year, together with the silver medal in classics and modern languages and the prize in In 1867 he was called to the bar, and entered the law course at Toronto University, receiving the degree of L. L. B. and a gold medal in 1869, and was afterwards made examiner in that faculty for the years 1871-72. Oriental languages. For many years he was a member of the Board of Education in Hamilton and for two years chairman of the board. He was elected a mem- ber of the Senate of Toronto University in 1873, and re-elected in 1878 and 1883. Mr. Gibson, as lieutenant of the 13th Battalion of Hamilton, was with his regiment at Ridgeway in 1866, and now commands that corps. He has attained a high reputation as a marksman, and has won many valuable prizes, one of which was the Prince of Wales’ prize of £100 and a badge in 1870. Mr. Gibson is a prominent ‘member of the Masonic order, having been Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ontario during the years 1893 and 1894. The political career of the newly appointed Commissioner commenced in 1879, when he was elected to the Legislative Assembly at the general In 1883 and in 1886 he was re-elected, and sworn a member of the Executive Council election. and appointed Provincial Secretary on the 18th January, 1889, when he was again re-elected by acclamation. Since that time the finances of the province have been in his keeping. Mr. Gibson is endowed with a wise business head and a large capacity for hard work. By his friends he is said to be a charming companion; to his political opponents he is ever courteous and considerate, and to strangers one of the kindest and most obliging of men. Under his direction the affairs of the Crown Lands Department will no doubt be successfully administered. TIMBER CULLERS. Tue following have passed the examination for timber cullers in the province of Quebec : F. W. Mahon, Hintonburg; J. W. Fraser, Ottawa; J. F. Presley, Ashton; Robt. Laing, Ottawa ; John Graham, Arnprior; H. J. Long, Mattawa; S. B. Wallace, Rockland; D. R. Macfarlane, Ottawa; J. Flechette, Buckingham ; W. Burns, Mattawa ; E. Quackenbush, Ottawa; G. Griffith, Pembroke ; Thomas Bramley, Pem- broke; J. C. Bartram, Ottawa; Thos. Coburn, Pembroke ; Michael Villeneuve, Ottawa ; W. H. Gonegan, Point Alexander ; C. Hennessey, Otta- wa; J. F. French, Deux Riviere ; John Ryan, Quio; J. A. Campbell, Galetta; Nelson Hart- man, Bason du Lievre; J. Brown, Buckingham ; J. E. Varin, Hull; A. McGillivray, Thurso; A. McQuins, Thurso; W. J. Kennedy, J. Campbell, H. Martin, J. J. Goulet, A. Murphy, Bucking- ham; F. H. Wallace, Ottawa; Oscar Brooks, Lowe ; P. McCabe, Buckingham. CORRESPONDENCE Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades. To secure insertion all communications must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for publication. The publisher will not hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. CENTRETOWN, Kentucky, U.S., June 23rd, 1896. Editor Canapa LUMBERMAN: DEAR Sir,—Will you please give me the following in- formation: Is not black oak (Quercus tinctoria) an inferior kind of timber, and not in demand in the general trade ? If it sells at all, does it not sell as and under the name of red oak (Quercus rubra)? If not, what is the difference in price and demand for red oak and black oak in the general trade ? Yours truly, Wm. M. WarDEN. [Black oak is not by any means an inferior kind of tim- ber. In fact, it is considered superior to red oak for finishing purposes, and commands about $3 more per thousand feet. So far as Canada is concerned, the supply of black oak is extremely limited, which necessarily limits the demand therefor. A small quantity of it is to be found in Ontario, in the vicinity of the Georgian Bay district.— Ep. CANADA LUMBERMAN. | The Sneezewood tree (so-called) is a native of South Africa, The dust from the wood has the same effect as strong snuff and is very bitter to the taste. The wood is valuable because so lasting. SIR HENRY GUSTAVE JOLY, CONTROLLER OF INLAND REVENUE FOR THE DOMINION. Tue LumMBERMAN takes pardonable pride in again presenting to its readers the portrait of one whose name has been connected with the conservation of the forests of Canada for many years, in the person of Sir Henry Gustave Joly, who has recently been appointed Controller of Inland Revenue in the Dominion Government. Mr. Joly was born in France on the 5th of De- cember, 1829, and educated in Paris and Geneva, Switzerland. He was called to the bar of Lower Canada, March, 1855, and appointedaQ.C. in 1878. His political career commenced in 1863, when he was returned for Lotbiniere, and after Con- federation continued to represent the county in the local legislature. He sat in both houses un- til the general election of 1874, when he retired from the Commons and retained his seat in the assembly. He was re-elected at the general elec- tions of 1875, ’78, ’82 and ’86, but retired from public life in that year, when the Riel troubles arose in Quebec. He declined a portfolio in the Dominion cabinet and elevation to the-senate in 1877. In May, 1878, he was called upon to form an administration upon the dismissal of the De Boucherville cabinet by the late Lieut.-Governor Letellier de St. Just. He occupied office until October 29, 1879, when he voluntarily resigned in favor of Mr. Mercier. After a retirement of ten years, he again offered himself for public honors on June 23rd last, and was elected to represent the constituency of Portneuf, Que., defeating the conservative candidate, Mr. H. Stafford Lawrence. Mr. Joly has always taken a deep interest in Sir HENRY GUSTAVE JOLY. forestry, and is the father of Arbor Day in the province of Quebec. He is a firm believer in the preservation of our forests, and devotes con- siderable time to the study of natural history. His lectures before scientific societies have been of much benefit to the cause to which he devotes himself, notable among which was one delivered last year in the Somerville course, in the Natural History Society’s building, Montreal, on ‘‘ The Value of Forest Trees, Individually and Collec- tively.” The subject of our sketch was knighted on the Queen’s birthday, 1895. He married Miss de Lotbiniere, and some years ago was authorized to add that name to his own. AuGusT, 1896 - CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF WOOD. ALTHOUGH wood has been universally in use for a great number of years, there is still said to exist a lack of knowledge by architects, lumber- men and woodworkers regarding its character- istics and properties. We print herewith some abstracts from Bulletin No. 10 of the Department of Agriculture of the United States, which con- tains some useful and valuable information regarding the nature of the various woods. The work is compiled by Mr. Filbert Roth, Special Agent in Timber Physics, under the direction of Mr. B. E. Fernow, Chief of the Division of Forestry. METHOD OF SAWING TIMBER. The manner in which the stick is sawed from the tree has a remarkable influence upon its qualities and behavior, and it should, therefore, either be specially sawed or selected with a view to its character and to the purpose for which it is used. This is a matter fully appreciated among only a few wood users, like the wheel- wrights, piano makers, etc., but it needs to be observed much more than it is, even in building. Quarter or rift sawing, i. e., cutting sticks or boards out of the log in such a manner that the annual rings are cut through as nearly as pos- sible radially, has lately been practised largely for the sake of the beauty of the even grain thus obtained, and also for flooring on account of the better wear which the even exposure of the grain (hard bands of summer wood on edge) secures ; but it should be much more widely applied to secure greater strength and more uniform seasoning and thus to reduce to some extent the one drawback to wood as a material of construc- tion, that is, its liability to ‘‘ working” (shrink- ing and swelling). The reason for the superior- ity of quarter sawed pieces, as well as the gen- eral fact that the manner of sawing out a stick affects the general character and behavior of the same, will appear from the following considera- tions : A square column or beam cut so as to contain the heart or pith of the tree in its centre—which, by the way, is the weakest part on account of Fic 1.—A piece of sawn timber cut through along the pith, illustrating its structural aggregates the many knots which it invariably and necessar- ily contains—consists in the main of five struc- tural aggregates (see fig. 1), namely: (1) In the centre a cone of wood fibers with the base in the butt end and the apex in the top end, the base representing the rings of as many years as it took the tree to attain the height of the column ; none of the fibers belonging to these rings appear in the top section excepting those of the last ring which forms the apex of the cone; (2) a hollow cylinder of material surrounding the cone, all fibers of which are found in both sec- tions and continuously through the whole length of the column ; all the entire rings at the bottom belong in this cylinder, and undoubtedly form THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 the strongest part of the column; (3) surround- ing this cylinder a partial cylindrical envelope of wood fibers, all of which are represented in the top section, but only a part appear at the corners of the bottom; most of them, therefore, do not run through the whole length, but are cut through at varying lengths, thereby presenting the ‘‘ bastard faces” on the sides of the column; (4) a partial envelope whose radial extent is limited by the corners of the basal section, im- perfect at both ends ; (5) the corners at the top, three-sided pyramids with the base in the top section, the fibers running out at varying lengths. Now, it will be readily admitted that each of these ‘‘ structural aggregates” has a different value in the combined strength of the whole. If the stick be cut with the center or pith in one side (see fig. 2) all these aggregates will be halved; if the stick be cut out differently, for instance, with the heart entirely out, or if it be made longer or shorter, or rectangular instead of Fic. 2.—Possibilities of cutting timber from a log with reference to position of grain. square, in each case the proportion of each of the aggregates changes, and hence it stands to reason that the strength of the column, or beam, or stick, changes according to the manner in which it is cut from the tree. This most evident and important fact has, it seems, escaped our best engineers and experimenters, who have tested beams without taking account of this dis- turbing element, and it is certainly overlooked most generally by builders and carpenters in their selection of material. While it may perhaps not be expected that the sawing at the mill will be done with more care so as to secure the best the weight of the same with water, we find that wood substance is about 1.6 times as heavy as water, and that this is as true of poplar as of oak or pine. Separating a single cell, as shown in fig. 4, a, drying and then dropping it into the water, it The air-filled cell cavity or interior reduces its weight, and, like a corked empty bottle, it weighs less than the Soon, however, water soaks into the cell, when it fills up and Fic. 3.—-Cross sec- , Ponte aaeeue of sinks. Many such cells grown to- gether, as ina block of wood, sink when all or most of them are filled with water, but will float as long as the majority are empty or only partly filled. This is why a green, sappy pine pole soon sinks in ‘‘ driving” (floating). Its cells are largely filled before it is thrown in, and but little additional water suffices to make its weight greater than that of the water. In a good-sized white pine log, composed chiefly of empty cells (heartwood), the water requires a very long time to fill up the cells (five years would not suffice to fill them all), and therefore the log may float for many months. When the wall of the wood fiber is very thick (five-eighths or more of the volume), as in fig. 4, b, the fiber sinks whether empty or filled. This applies to most of the fibers of the dark summerwood bands in pines, and to the compact fibers of oak or hickory, and many, especially tropical woods, have such thick-walled cells and so little empty or air space that they never float. Here, then, are the two main factors oe of weight in wood: The amount of cell wall, or wood substance, constant for any given piece, and the amount of water contained in the wood, variable even in the standing tree, and only in part eliminated in drying. floats. water. In general, it may be said that none of the native woods in common use in this country are, when dry, as heavy as water, i. e., 62 pounds to the cubic foot. ew exceed 50 pounds, while most of them fall below 40 pounds, and much of WEIGHT oF KiLN-pRIED Woop oF DIFFERENT SPECIES. results in application, or that the special advant- Approximate. : Weight of age of quarter sawing eit F : pecific will soon be sufficiently weight. 1 cubic | 1,000 feet 6 | _ foot. of lumber. appreciated so as to ex- tend its use in such a qy very heavy woods: | Hickory, oak, persimmo”, osage orange, black locust hackberry, | Pounds. | Pounds. manner that the greater blue beech best of elm, and ASHI le set ahr ee ee ) she eee B 0 70-0.80 42-48 3,700 : (b) Heavy woods : | efficiency of the quarter- Ash, élm, cherry, oe als beech, walnut, sour gum, coffee tree, . : h locust, best of th i d t. ee POR rier .60- 6- sawed material will com- S sh aaa 1ern pine, and tumarac O- .70 36-42 3,200 Southern pine, pitch pine, tamarack, Douglas spruce, western hem- pensate for the greater lock, sweet gum, soft maj le, sycamore, sassafras, mulberry, light : : expense of the operation, (a) ieee PATLNGHE CRY misiite ste iste bate rele ay ge sieinne © Wels el eusiicks .50- .60 30-3 2,700 Norway and bull pine, red cedar, cypress, hemlock, the heavier spruce wood users may at least and fir, redwood, basswood, chestnut, butternut, tulip, catalpa, s buckeye, heavier grades Of POPIAL 6 6.0je. nrc vananasesee ojais «4 alvieaxennellinlmiei= -40- .50 24-30 2,200 be expected to make their — &) very light woods : E selections from the sawed White pine, spruce, fir, white cedar, poplar ..\saeocsen-ce reese cess: = -30- .40 18-24 1,800 material in the yard, and shape it for their particular use with greater care. WEIGHT OF WOOD. A small cross section of wood, as in fig. 3, dropped into water, sinks, showing that the sub- stance of which wood fiber or wood is built up is heavier than water. By immersing the wood successively in heavier liquids, until we find a liquid in which it does not sink, and comparing the pine and other coniferous wood weighs less than 30 pounds per cubic foot. The weight of the wood is, in itself, an import- ant quality. Weight assists in distinguishing maple from poplar. Lightness, coupled with great strength and stiffness, recommends wood for a thousand different uses. To a large extent weight predicates the strength of the wood, at 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN least in the same species, so that a heavy piece of oak will exceed in strength a light piece of the same species, and in pine it appears probable that, weight for weight, the strength of the wood of various pines is nearly equal. Since ordinary lumber contains knots and also more water than is here assumed, and also since its dimensions either exceed or fall short of per- fect measurement, the figures in the table are only approximate. Thus, 1,000 feet, B. M., of longleaf pine weighs : Pounds Rougband! ereen.« .j.sioale «eineies seis tie cinieln an sv ieaisieis = see bv pein iet= 4,500 Boards, rough but seasoned) .......:ccceecceee ee eter eee e sete ress 3,500 Boards, dressed and seasoned ........ see eee cere e cece ee ence ates 3,000 Flooring, matched, dressed and seasoned....... 0.20. 0++eussrrete eens 2,500 Weatherboarding beveled and dressed ........---- esse eeeeeesreeee 1,500 MOISTURE IN WOOD. The wood next to the bark contains the most water. In the species which do not form heart- wood the decrease towards the pith is gradual, but where this is formed, the change from a more moist to a drier condition is usually quite abrupt at the sapwood limit. In longleaf pine, the wood of the outer 1 inch of a disk may con- tain 50 per cent. of water, that of the next, or second inch, only 35 per cent., and that of the heartwood only 20 per cent. In sucha tree the amount of water in any one section varies with the amount of sapwood, and is therefore greater for the upper than the lower cuts, greater for limbs than stems, and greatest of all in the roots. Different trees, even of the same kind and from the same place, differ as to the amount of water they contain. A thrifty tree contains more water than a stunted one, and a young tree more than an old one, while the wood of.all trees varies in its moisture relations with the season of the year. Contrary to the general belief a tree contains about as much water in winter as in summer. The fact that the bark peels easily in the spring depends on the presence of incomplete, soft tissue found between wood and bark during this season and has little to do with the total amount of water contained in the wood of the stem. Even in the living tree a flow of sap occurs only in certain kinds of trees and under special circumstances ; from boards, timber, etc., the water does not flow out, as believed, but must be evaporated.' The rapidity with which water is evaporated, that is, the rate of drying, depends on the size and shape of the piece and on the structure of the wood. An inch board dries more than four times as fast as a 4-inch plank and more than twenty times as fast as a 10-inch timber. White pine dries faster than oak. A very moist piece of pine or oak will, during one hour, lose more than four times as much water per square inch from the cross section, but only one-half as much from the tangential, as from the radial section. is sometimes In a long timber, where the end or cross sec- tions form but a small part of the drying surface, this difference is not so evident. Nevertheless, the ends dry and shrink first, and being opposed in this shrinking by the more moist adjoining parts, they check, the cracks largely disappear- ing as seasoning progresses. High temperatures are very effective in evap- orating the water from wood, no matter how 1The seeming exceptions to this rule are mostly referable te two causes namely : (a) Clefts or “ shakes” will allow water contained in them to flow out. (b) From sound wood, if very sappy, watér is forced out whenever the wood is warmed, just as water flows from green wood in the stove. _to ten days for 1-inch lumber. humid the air. A fresh piece of sapwood may lose weight in boiling water, and can be dried to quite an extent in hot steam. Kept on a shelf in an ordinary dwelling wood still retains 8 to 10 per cent. of its weight of and always contains more water per pound than the surrounding air. Nor is this amount of water constant; the weight of a pan full of shavings varies with the time of day, being on a summer day greatest in the morning and water, least in the afternoon. Dissicating the air with chemicals will cause the wood to dry, but wood thus dried at 80° F. will still lose water in the kiln. Wood dried at 120° F. loses water still if dried at 200° F., and this again will lose more water if the temperature So that absolutely dry wood can not be obtained, and chemical destruction sets in is raised. before all the water is driven off. On removal from the kiln the wood at once takes up water from the air, even in the driest weather. At first the absorption is quite rapid ; at the end of a week a short piece of pine, 1% inches thick, has regained two-thirds of, and, in a few months, all the moisture which it had when air dry, 8 to 10 per cent., and also its former dimensions. In thin boards all parts soon attain the same degree of dryness ; in heavy timbers the interior remains moister for many months, and even years, than the exterior parts. Finally an equil- ibrium is reached, and then only the outer parts change with the weather. With kiln-dried wood all parts are equally dry, and when exposed the moisture coming from the air must pass in through the outer parts, and Ordinary timber requires months before it is at its best; kiln-dried timber, if properly handled, is prime at once. thus the order is reversed. Dry wood, when soaked in water, soon regains its original volume, and in the heartwood portion it may even surpass it; that is to say, swell to a larger dimension than it had when With the it continues to increase in weight, the cell cavities filling with water, and if left many months all pieces sink. green. soaking Yet even after a year’s immersion a piece of oak 2 by 2 inches and only 6 inches ‘long still con- tains air, i. e., it has not taken up all the water it can. By rafting, or prolonged immersion, wood loses some of its weight, soluble materials being leached out, but it is not impaired either as fuel or as building material. still more, Immersion and, boiling and steaming reduce the hygroscopicity of wood and, therefore, also the troublesome ‘‘ working”’ or shrinking and swell- ing. Exposure in dry air to a temperature of 300°F. for a short time reduces, but does not destroy, the hygroscopicity and with it the tendency to shrink and swell. A piece of red oak, which has been subjected to a temperature of over 300 F., still swells in hot water and shrinks in the kiln. In artificial drying, temperatures of from 158° F. to 180° F. are usually employed. Pine, spruce, cypress, cedar, etc., are dried fresh from the saw, allowing four days for 1-inch boards ; hard woods, especially oak, ash, maple, birch, sycamore, etc., are air-seasoned for three to six months, to allow the first shrinkage to take place more gradually, and are then exposed to the above temperatures in the kiln for about six Freshly cut AvuGusT, 1896 poplar and cottonwood are often dried directly in kilns. By employing lower temperatures, 100° to 120° F., green oak, ash, etc., can be seasoned in dry kilns without danger to the material. Steaming the lumber is commonly resorted to in order to prevent checking and ‘‘case-hardening,” but not, as has frequently been asserted, to enable the board to dry. Yard-dried lumber is not dry, and its moisture is too unevenly distributed to insure good behavior after manufacture. Careful piling of the lumber, both in the yard and kiln, is essential to good drying. Piling boards on edge or standing them on end is believed to hasten drying. This is true only because in either case the air can circulate more freely around them than when they are piled in the ordinary way. Boards on end dry unequally; the upper half dries much faster than the lower half, and hori- zontal piling is, therefore, preferable. Since the proportion of sap and heart wood varies with size, age, species, and individual, the following figures must be regarded as mere approximations : 6 Pounps oF WATER LosT IN DryiING-100 PounDs OF GREEN Woop IN THE KILN. Sapwood or| Heartwood outer part or interior (1) Pines, cedars, spruces, and firs ...........+++ 45-65 16-25 (2) Cypress extremely variable........-...... 50-65 18-60 (3) Poplar, cottonwood, basswood ......-. ... 60-65 40-60 (4) Oak, beech, ash, elm, maple, birch, hickory, chestnut, walnut, and sycamore........... 40-50 0-40 The lighter kinds have the most water in the sapwood, thus sycamore has more than hickory. SHRINKAGE OF WOOD. Shrinkage of wood is due to the fact that the cell walls grow thinner on drying. The thicker cell walls and therefore the heavier wood shrinks most, while the water in ‘the cell cavities does not influence the volume of the wood. Owing to the great difference of cells in shape, size, and thickness of walls and still more in their arrange- ment, shrinkage is not uniform in any kind of wood. This irregularity produces strains, which grow with the difference between adjoining cells and are greatest at the pith rays. These strains cause warping and checking, but exist even where no outward signs are visible; they are greater if the wood is dried rapidly than if dried slowly, but can never be entirely avoided. Temporary checks are caused by the more rapid drying of the outer parts of any stick ; per- manent checks are due to the greater shrinkage, tangentially, along the rings than that along the radius. This, too, is the cause-of most of the ordinary phenomena of shrinkage, such as the difference in behavior of entire and quartered logs, ‘‘bastard ” (tangent) and ‘‘rift ” (radial) boards, etc., and explains many of the phenomena erroneously attributed to the influence of bark, or of the greater shrinkage of outer and inner parts of any log. Once dry, wood may be swelled again to its original size by soaking in water, boiling, or steaming. Soaked pieces, on drying, shrink again as before; boiled and steemed pieces do the same, but to a slightly less degree. Neither hygroscopicity, i. e., the capacity of taking up water, nor shrinkage of wood can be overcome by drying at temperatures below 200° F. Higher temperatures, however, reduce these qualities, but nothing short of a coaling heat robs wood of the capacity to shrink and swell. Rapidly dried in the kiln, the wood of oak and other hard woods ‘‘case-harden,” that is, the outer part © er a AvucGustT, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 dries and shrinks before the interior has a chance to do the same, and thus forms a firm shell or commonly checked wood This shell does not prevent the interior from drying, but when this drying case of shrunken, around the interior. occurs, the interior is commonly checked along the medullary rays, as shown in fig. 5. __In prac- tice this occurrence can be prevented by steaming the lurnber in the kiln, and still better by drying the wood in the open air or in a shed before plac- ing in the kiln. Since only the first shrinking is apt to check the wood, any kind of lumber which has once been air dried (three to six months for 1-inch stuff) may be subjected to kiln heat without any danger. Kept in a bent or warped condition during the first shrinking, the wood retains the shape to which it was bent and firmly opposes any attempt at subsequent straightening. . Sapwood, as a rule, shrinks more than heart- wood of the same weight, but very heavy heart- -wood may shrink more than lighter sapwood. The amount of water in wood is no criterion of its shrinkage, since in wet wood most of the water is held in the cavities, where it has no effect on the volume. The wood of pine, spruce, cypress, etc., with its very regular structure, dries and shrinks evenly, and suffers much less in seasoning than the wood of broad-leafed trees. Among the latter, oak is the most difficult to dry without in- jury. Small-sized split ware and ** rift’’ boards “season better than ordinary boards and planks. To avoid “‘ working,” or warping and check- ing, all high-grade stock is carefully seasoned, preferably in a kiln, before manufacture. Thicker pieces may be made of several parts glued to- gether ; larger surfaces are made in panels or of smaller pieces covered with veneer. Boring is sometimes resorted to to prevent the checking of wooden columns. Since repeated swelling increases the injuries due to seasoning, wood should be protected against moisture when once it is dry. Since the shrinkage of our woods has never been carefully studied, and since wood, even from the same tree, varies within considerable limits, the figures given in the following table are to be regarded as mere approximations. The shrink- age along the radius and that along the tangent (parallel to the rings) are not stated separately in the following table, and the figures represent an average of the shrinkage in the two directions. Thus, if the shrinkage of soft pine is given at 3 inches per hundred, it means that the sum of radial and tangential shrinkage is about 6 inches, of which about 4 inches fall to the tangent and 2 inches to the radius, the ratio between these vary- ing from 3 to 2, a ratio which practically prevails in most of our woods. Since only an insignificant logitudinal shrinkage takes place (being commonly less than 0.1 inch per hundred), the change in volume during dry- ing is about equal to the sum of the radial and tangential shrinkage, or twice the amount of linear shrinkage indicated in the table. Thus, if the linear average shrinkage of soft pine is 3 inches per hundred, the shrinkage in volume is about 6 cubic inches for each 100 cubic inches of fresh wood. AppRoxIMATE SHRINKAGE OF A BoarD, oR SET oF Boarps, 100 . INCHES WIDE, DRYING IN THE OPEN AIR. Fic. 5 —‘‘Honeycombed” board. The checks or cracks form along the pith rays. Shrinkage. Inches. ? All light conifers (soft pine, spruce, cedar, cypress......- = 3 (2) Heavy conifers (hard pine, tamarack, yew), honey locust, box elder, wood of old oaks..........-.-0000eee- seers 4 (3) Ash, elm, walnut, poplar, maple, beech, sycamore, cherry, lect lo etinb ate sar note inci tre dens yresnoicmnrcone Cees 5 (4) Basswood, birch, chestnut, horse chestnut, blue beech, young 1OCUSE....... ++ -ese+cerreeeesesee nce cteetteee nent tee 6 5) Hickory, young oak, especially red CEeeeereeet r,s d50%.-|() Up t01 20 eS nS INFLUENCE OF WEIGHT AND MOISTURE ON STRENGTH. It has been stated that heavy wood is stronger than lighter wood of the same kind, and that seasoning increases all forms of resistance. Let us examine why this is so. Since the weight of dry wood depends on the number of fibers and the thickness of their walls, there must be more fibers per square inch of cross section in the heavy than in the light piece of the same kind,* and it is but natural that the greater number of fibers should also offer greater resist- ance, i. e., have the greater strength. The beneficial influence of drying and conse- quent shrinking is two-fold: (1) In dry wood a greater number of fibers occur per square inch, and (2) the wood substance itself, i.e., the cell walls, become firmer. A piece of green longleaf pine, 1 by 1 inch and 2 inches long, is only about 0.94 by 0.96 inch and 2 inches long when dry ; its cross section is 10 per cent. smaller than be- fore, but it still contains the same number of fibers. A dry piece 1 by 1 inch, therefore, con- tains 10 per cent. more fibers than a green piece of the same size, and it is but fair to suppose that its resistance or strength is also about 10 per cent. greater. The influence of the second factor, though un- questionably the more important one, is less readily measured. In 100 cubic inches of wood substance the material of the cell walls takes up about 50 cubic inches of water and thereby swells up, becoming about 150 cubic inches in volume. In keeping with this swelling the substance be- comes softer and less resistant. In pine wood this dimunition of resistance, according to experi- ments, seems to be about 50 per cent., and the strength of the substance, therefore, is inversely as the degree of saturation or solution. SOME PRACTICAL CONCLUSIONS. In framing, where light and stiff timber is wanted, the conifers excel; where heavy but steady loads are to be supported, the heavier conifers, hard pine, spruce, Douglas spruce, etc., answer as well as hardwoods, which are costlier and heavier for the same amount of stiffness. On the other hand, if small dimensions must be used, and especially if moving loads are to be sustained, hardwoods are safest, and in all cases where the load is applied in form of ‘‘ shocks ” or jars, only the tougher hardwoods should be employed. The heavier wood surpasses the lighter of the same species in all kinds of strength, so that the weight of dry wood and the structural features indicative of weight may be used as safe signs in selecting timber for strength. In shaping wood it is better, though more wasteful, to split than to saw, because it insures straight grain and enables a more perfect season- ing. For sawed stock the method of ‘‘rift” or ‘‘ quarter” sawing, which has so rapidly gained favor during the last decade, deserves every en- couragement. It permits of better selection and of more advantageous disposition of the wood ; rift-sawed lumber is stronger, wears better, sea- sons well, and is less subject to ‘‘ working” or warping. All hardwood material which checks or warps badly during seasoning should be reduced to the smallest practicable size before drying, to avoid the injuries involved in this process; and wood once seasoned should never again be exposed to the weather, since all injuries due to seasoning are thereby aggravated. Seasoning increases the strength of wood in every respect, and it is there- fore of great importance to protect wooden struc- tures, bearing heavy weights, against moisture. Knots, like crossgrain and other defects, re- duce the strength of timber. Where choice exists, the knotty side of the joist should be placed up- permost, i. e., should be used in compression. Season checks in timber are always a source of weakness; they are more injurious on the vertical than on the horizontal faces of a stringer or joist, and their effect continues even when they have closed up, as many do, and are no longer visible. * This imperfect assumptton is used only for comparison. Rafted timber, kiln-dried or steamed lumber are, so far as our present knowledge extends, as strong as other kinds, and wherever any of these processes aids in a more uniform or perfect sea- soning, it increases the strength of the material. Pine ‘‘bled” for turpentine is as strong as ‘*un-bled.” Time of felling, whether season of the year or phase of the moon, does not influence strength, except that summer-felled hardwood rarely sea- sons as perfectly as that felled in the fall, and to this extent an indirect influence may be observed, as well as by the fact that fungi and insects have a better opportunity for developing. DURABILITY AND DECAY. All wood is equally durable under certain con- ditions. Kept dry or submerged, it lasts indefi- nately. Pieces of pine have been unearthed in Illinois which have lain buried 60 or more feet deep for many cen- turies. Deposits of sound logs of oak, bur- ied for unknown ages, have been unearthed in Bavaria; parts of the piles of the lake dwellers, driven more than two thousand years ago, are still in- tact. On the radial section of a piece of pine tim- Fic. 6.—‘“‘ Shelf” fu ofapine. (Hartig.) a, sound wood; b, resinous ‘‘ light”’ wood ; c, partly I decayed wood or punk; d, layer of ber, with one of the living spore tubes; e, old filled up shelf-like, fungus spore tubes ; f, fluted upper surface of the fruiting body of the fungus, which gets its food through a great number of fine threads (the myceli- um), its vegetative tissue penetrating the wood and causing its decay. growths, as shown in fig. 6, both bark and wood are seen to be affected. A small par- ticle of the half-decayed wood presents pictures like that of fig. 7. Slender, branching threads are seen to attach themselves closely to the walls of the cells, and to pierce these in all directions. Thus these little threads of fungus mycelium soon form a perfect network in the wood, and as they increase in number they dissolve the walls, and convert the wood substance and cell contents into sugar-like food for their own consumption. In some cases it is the woody cell wall alone that is at- tacked. In other cases they confine themselves to eating up the starch found in the cells, and merely leave a stain (bluing of lumber). In all cases of decay we find the vegeta- =; tive bodies, these slender % threads of fungi, responsi- ble for the mischief. These fine threads are the vegeta- tive body of the tungus, the ake little shelf is its fruiting Fic. 7.—_Fungus threads in pine body, on which it produces wr. Crh, pondered myriads of little spores (the pits of these fibers; ¢, thread seeds of fungi). Some fija2imthe cellwallsmade by fungi attack only conifers, te Jun SWethe walls others hardwoods ; many — shown at e, and thus break are confined to one species down the wood structure. of tree, and perhaps no one attacks all kinds of wood. .One kind produces ‘“‘red rot,” others ‘“bluing.” In one case the decayed tracts are tubular, and in the direction of the fibers the wood is ‘‘peggy.”” In other cases no particular shapes are discernible. © > It appears that warmth, preferably between 60° and 100° F., combined with abundance of mois- ture (but not immersion), is the most important condition favoring decay, and that the defense lies in the proper regulation or avoidance of these conditions, or else in the use of poisonous salts, which prevent the propagation of fungi. : R ; MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LumBperman Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the .st day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION : One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance....... $1.00 One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $2.00 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate zeport not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetrr’+ Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance anderidnally they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanaDA LuMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘WanTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for eachinsertion. Announce: gents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. TO VISITING LUMBERMEN. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to use the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN as their own. We shall take pleasure in supplying them with every con- venience for receiving and answering thei! correspond- ence, and hold ourselves at their service in any other way they may desire. AN ENCOURAGING OUTLOOK. THERE are many indications to be seen point- ing to a more prosperous condition of affairs in Canada in the near future. The collapse of the South Africa boom, the unsatisfactory conditions prevailing in Australia, together with the un- settled state of affairs in the United States, as the result of which a large amount of British capital has recently been withdrawn from that country, and the possibility of the adoption of a silver coinage, which would lead to a still further withdrawal of British investments, all point to Canada as one of the most desirable fields for the investment of foreign capital in the future. The recent gold mining developments in Brit- ish Columbia are certain also to prove a most important factor in our future prosperity. We have the assurance of experts of the highest authority that the gold mines of British Columbia are the richest in the world. At the present time millions of foreign capital is being invested in these mines, and the prophecy is being made that a large influx of population will result within the next few years. Owing to the disap- pointing experience of British capitalists who invested largely in Grand Trunk securities, Can- ada has hitherto been shunned-by the British 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN AUGUST, 1896 investor, and other fields which were less promis- ing have benefitted at our expense. It now seems probable that our turn will come in the immediate future. We have one of the richest countries, in point of natural resources, upon the face of the globe. We have also a favorable climate and unrivalled transportation facilities. We only lack capital and population, and it seems probable that these necessities are now about to come to us. If so, we may expect to witness improvement in every line, in which event the lumber industry will be among those which will be most benefitted. POLITICS AND BUSINESS. Ir is subject for regret that a general election should take place in both the United States and Canada this year. There were indications at the commencement of the year of an improvement in business conditions, but these indications appear to have been dispelled, for the present at least, as the result of the elections which have just taken place in Canada and are now pending in the United States. These elections promise to cause a continuance of the business depression for some time to come. The change of Government in Canada, and the probable change in the United States are further disturbing elements in the business situation. There is in the United States not only the prob- able change of Government to be considered, but the possibility, though no doubt a remote one, of In Canada there is the uncertainty consequent upon the the adoption of a silver coinage. belief that alterations of a more or less important character will be made in the existing tariff. We do not think that there is much cause for alarm There may be, and probably will be, some re-adjustment of the tariff, but we feel assured that Mr. Laurier and his colleagues have on this score. become fully aware that injury would be likely to result to the business interests of the country, and to themselves as a party from any radical changes. It must be borne in mind that a very large revenue is needed to meet the running expenses of Government, and unless some im- portant savings can be effected, it will be impos- sible for the Government to revert to anything like a revenue tariff. We trust, therefore, that the business com- munity will not be deterred from pushing for- ward any enterprises which they may have already entered upon, or which they may have had in contemplation, from the fear that there will be any important disturbance of existing conditions. We have already experienced too long a period of business depression and inactiv- ity, and it should now be the aim of everyone to assist in bringing about a more satisfactory con- dition of affairs at the earliest possible date. With the incoming of a new Government it may not be out of place to point out that in the past the efforts of both political parties seem to have been too largely directed to securing or maintaining power, while the development of the country’s resources has not received that meas- ure of attention which its importance demands. The most important question which any Govern- ment can turn its attention to, is that of bringing into the country population of the proper class. The lack of population is at the foundation of many of our business difficulties. We have spent money liberally in the construction of public works to facilitate the transportation of passengers and merchandise, and in this respect are well equipped and have ample facilities to meet the requirements of a population many times as great as that which we possess. The interest charges arising out of the expenditure for these public works rests heavily upon our present small population, but would be lightly borne if we were able to add a few millions to our population. tage in doing business in so large a country so sparsely populated. It becomes necessary to travel long distances between centres of popula- tion. Had we a population of say from fifteen to twenty millions, business possibilities would be vastly increased, while the expense of getting this increased business would be little more than at present. We are pleased to see the success which is attending the effort to establish a fast steamship service between Canada and Europe. It is now all but certain that such a service will be established in the near future. This service should prove a most important factor in adding to our population and in the development of our resources. - CANADIAN TRADE WITH GREAT BRITAIN. THE many inquiries which we receive from time to time from dealers in Great Britain for the address of Canadian dealers in various kinds of lumber strongly emphasizes the necessity of steps being taken to introduce our lumber more thoroughly in the British market. It is pleasing to know that the agitation in this journal some months ago along this line has not been without result, several manufacturers having intimated their intention of investigating the prospects for a remunerative export trade. It should not be that prospective customers are obliged to make unusual efforts to be placed in communication with those from whom they desire to purchase goods. On the contrary, such arrangements should be made, by the establish- ment of a Canadian lumber bureau or otherwise, as would enable the purchaser to obtain without delay the names of manufacturers in Canada who are in a position to supply the desired stock. The question of sending a representative to Great Britain, in the interest of the hardwood manufacturers, has not as yet borne fruit. The view is held by some dealers that it would be some time before there would result sufficient trade to cover the expense of such a move, partly owing to the conservatism which characterizes business men in the old country. But this argu- ment is weakened by the fact that they are con- stantly enquiring for Canadian goods, with the view of opening up trade. And if Canadians are slow to appreciate the fact, it is quite probable that others will pre-empt the field. The healthy condition of the British market at the present time with respect to Canadian goods should encourage manufacturers to take imme- diate action, especially as it is now almost certain that present values will be maintained through- out the season. Notwithstanding that the lum- ber receipts from Canada have thus far this year been greatly in excess of the same period last year, the consumption has been correspondingly large, with the result that available stocks are very light. Another encouraging feature is to be found in the increase in shipments of thin lumber to the British market during the present There is also a great disadvan- oa — Se AuGusT, 1896 ee season as compared with former years. Hereto- fore deals have been about the only manufacture of pine in demand across the Atlantic, but the experience of this year augurs well for the plac- ing upon the British market in future of consider- able lumber from one to two inches in thickness. EDITORIAL NOTES. A rrRIAL shipment of Canadian red pine sleepers was recently made to Great Britain, a portion of which were used by the Great Western Railway. They are said to have been of excel- lent quality, thoroughly well creosoted and care- fully manufactured. Heretofore Baltic fir has been largely used for railway sleepers, but a competitor has been found in Canadian pine. This trial order may prove to be the opening of quite an extensive trade for the Dominion. Tue Toronto Board of Trade is credited with having a branch called the ‘‘ Lumber Section.” For some time past it has not been active, and the removal from Toronto of Messrs. John Donogh and Joseph Oliver, two of its strongest members, the last-named being President, has caused it to become well nigh extinct. We trust the remaining members will make an effort to infuse new life into the organization, especially in view of the recognized necessity of an associa- tion of lumbermen for Ontario. Just at the pres- ent time, when the lumber trade is enjoying a period of quietude, the members should make a united effort to enlarge the scope and usefulness of this section. Wiru regret THe LumBerman learned of the temporary financial embarrassment of Messrs. J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls, Ont. For a number of years the firm operated in Michigan, but a few years ago transferred oper- ations to Canada, purchasing timber limits in the vicinity of Fenelon Falls to the extent of 300,- 000,000 feet. The enterprise shown in investing such a large sum of money in timber limits and plant is commendable. Manufacturing opera- tions have been conducted on an extensive scale, much of the product finding a market in foreign countries. The members of the firm are recog- nized as conservative business men, who, no doubt, will prove themselves to be perfectly solvent and be able to so re-adjust their affairs as to continue in business. In an effort to extend their trade with Great Britain, Canadian lumber manufacturers should give greater attention to questions of manufac- ture and shipment. Messrs. J. & P. Coates, of Paisley, Scotland, who are large users of spool wood, write to the High Commissioner of Canada on the subject as follows: ‘In our opinion, the only means of increasing the demand for Canadian spool wood in this country is for the producers thereof to be more careful about quality. Those producers on the southern shore of the River St. Lawrence should be especially careful in this respect, because in the absence of a sheltered loading-place aud consequent liability for demurrage on vessels employed exceeding their lay-days, the hold they have upon the busi- ness is a very slender one.” In order to insure an increased demand the chief points to receive attention are said to be that the wood be thoroughly well-seasoned, white and solid, free from redheart and knots, and accurately sawed THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 both in diameter and length. Defects in the above particulars are said to have resulted in the refusal of some consumers to place orders with Canadian dealers. Tue Huntsville Lumber Co. state that their advertisement in the WEEKLY LUMBERMAN has brought them more satisfactory returns than any advertisement they ever had. The WEEKLY LUMBERMAN not only circulates in every part of Canada, but reaches buyers in the leading foreign markets, its value as hence an advertising medium. We have no hesitation in saying that many Canadian lumber manufacturing firms might, with much advantage to themselves, an- nounce in the advertisement columns of the WEEKLY LUMBERMAN particulars of the stocks they wish to sell. We are continually being asked by foreign buyers if we can put them in communication with the holder of a particular kind of stock. The WEEKLY LUMBERMAN reach- es both buyers and sellers and is the best means of announcing stocks required or for sale. Tue final decision in the now famous dressed lumber case between the United States and Canada promises to be further prolonged, the attorney-general of the United States having ordered that an appeal be taken to the higher court from the recent decision of Judge Wheeler, by which dressed lumber was permitted to enter the United States free of duty. Pending the result of the appeal the customs authorities will collect the duty of 25 per cent. on the class of lumber in dispute, and should the final decision be in accordance with the view held by Judge Wheeler, the duty will be refunded to the exporters. In all probability the final decision will not be given without considerable delay, and the appeal will at least partially impede the importation of Canadian dressed lumber during the interval. On what grounds the appeal is based it is difficult to understand, as the pro- priety of the decision recently given is acknow- ledged by the majority of lumbermen on both sides of the line. extent, the appearance of a scheme to close the United States market to the Canadian dressed product until after the Presidential election. The proceeding bears, to some ——$—_—_— Warm countries and sunny exposures generally produce heavier and stronger timber, and condi- tions favorable to the growth of the species also improve its quality. But exceptions occur ; neither fast nor slow growth is an infallible sign of strong wood, and it is the character of the annual ring, rather than its width, and particu- larly the proportion of summer wood, which de- termines the quality of the material. A very rough and probably very liberal estimate of the amount of timber standing in the various regions of the United States ready for the axe would give the following figures : Feet, Board Measure. Southern states....-...-.---+:: 700,000,000,000 Northern states......-..---+:> 500,000,000,000 Pacific GOaSties 60 <2. 52 > 2s 1 1,000,000,000,000 Rocky mountains..........--- 100,000,000,000 EROUAN EM See awe wesc eee 2, 300,000,000,000 The total annual cut, including all material re- quiring bolt or log size, is estimated at 40,000,- 000,000 feet, board measure. The lumber indus- tries employ capital to the extent of over $1,000,- 000,000.— Maritime Register. SALE OF GOVERNMENT TIMBER LICENSES. Tue auction sale of timber limits in the dis- tricts of Nipissing, Rainy river and Alberta took place, as advertised, at Messrs. Dickson & Townsend’s rooms, 22 King street west, To- ronto, on the 23rd ultimo. The limits were offered with the object of closing up the partner- ship existing between Messrs. Beck, Spohn and McSherry, and consisted of upwards of 110 square miles. At the hour appointed for the sale there had gathered upwards of fifty interested persons, among whom were noticed the following : Wm. Irwin, Peterboro; C. Beck, Penetanguishene ; A. H. Campbell and Mayne Campbell, of the Muskoka Mill & Lumber Co., Toronto; Dr. Spohn, Penetanguishene ; P. McSherry, Stay- ner; H. H. Cook, of the Ontario Lumber Co., J. Welch, of Cook Bros., Peter Ryan, John Gray, Toronto; H. S. Brennan, Hamilton; T. Shep- pard, Orillia ; Maurice Quinn and D. L. White, Saginaw, Mich.; Mr. Fyfe, Port Arthur, and Mr. Wiley. Mr. Townsend, who wielded the auctioneer’s hammer, explained that a reserve bid had been fixed for each parcel, which was enclosed in a sealed envelope and opened at the termination of the bidding. The competition for the first two parcels was somewhat keen, but as the sale ad- vanced it became evident that there were few eager purchasers present, and the result was that only one limit was disposed of. The first ten lots offered consisted of licenses granted by the Ontario government. For parcel No. 1, comprising 1034 square miles in the Township of Finlayson, District of Nipissing, the bidding reached $6,000 per square mile, but this was claimed to be below the reserve bid and the berth was withdrawn. The following parcels were withdrawn in the same manner: No. 2, comprising 114 square miles, District of Nipissing, $1,700 per mile; No. 4, five square miles on Rainy River, includ- ing islands in Crow Lake, bid $800 per mile ; No. 5, four square miles of islands in Rowan Lake, bid $800 per mile ; No. 6, eleven square miles on Split Rock River, bid $720 per mile (the reserve bid was $727); No. 7, seven square miles, east side Manitou River, no offer ; No. 8, seven square miles on Little Turtle River, bid $1,850 per mile ; No. 9, one and one-half square miles, same locality, no offer; No. 10, ten square miles, near Trout Lake, $1,740 per mile ; No. 11, a Dominion Government limit, 47 8-100 square miles in Alberta District, 100 miles south- west of Calgary, no offer. Parcel No. 3 was sold to C. Beck, of Penetan- guishene, at $500 per mile. It consisted of 11 44-100 square miles in the district of Rainy River, on the north side of Sturgeon Lake and east of Indian Reserve. While the offers received for the parcels with- drawn were below the reserve bids, it will be observed that for three of the parcels a consider- able advance was offered on the prices paid therefor at the government sale in 1892. The Finlayson berth, for which $6,000 per mile was offered, was sold in 1892 at $4,400 per mile, the McCraney berth, bid up to $1,700, at $900, and No. 68, in the Rainy River district, bid up to $475, at $1,740. tial increase in the values placed upon Canadian timber limits within the past few years. This fact indicates a substan- io THE CANADA LUMBERMAN AFTER the sale of timber limits in Toronto on the 23rd ultimo, I talked with several lumber- men on the outcome of the sale, and the con- sensus of opinion was that, while timber limits were recognized as valuable assets, the monied men were averse to increasing their holdings until there was an improvement in trade and the financial aspect across the line had brightened up a little. One who is prominent in lumber circles said: ‘‘ There were a number present who might be considered prospective buyers, but they were evidently there from the cause as myself—curios- ity. But, notwithstanding the quiet times, fair prices were offered for many of the berths, and I think the reserve bid in some cases was fixed a little too high. The presence of a couple of Michigan capitalists indicated that their eyes are still on Canadian limits.” * * * So much is heard of late about the re-imposi- tion of the duty on Canadian lumber by the United States government, that I have felt quite refreshed by the expressed views of an enterpris- ing Nova Scotia mill man. He stated that he believed it would be better for the mills in the Lower Provinces to have the duty on lumber restored, and gave two reasons for his belief. One was that greater prosperity would follow a higher tariff on all manufactures of the United States, and this of itself would make a better market for lumber. Again, a second reason was that Canadian lumber entering the American market free of duty was obliged to discount to the American dealer all the benefits and advant- ages from free lumber. In other words, the pur- chaser would say to the manufacturer, ‘‘ Oh, you don’t have to pay any duty now, so you must sell your lumber $2.00 per thousand feet cheaper than you used to, and you can afford to sell it $2.00 less than the American manufacturer, who pays higher wages and stumpage.” * * * THE other day when in the office of Thomas Meaney & Co., in Toronto, the question of lumber freight rates came up for discussion. On this score the complaints from lumbermen are not numerous, as, generally speaking, rates are not considered too high. But a point of some dissatisfaction is that a higher rate is ’ charged on hardwoods than on pine. ‘I can- not understand,” remarked Mr. Meaney, ‘‘ why the railway companies charge 7% cents per hun- dred pounds on hardwoods from northwestern points to Toronto, and only 6% cents on pine. Of course, the companies are adopting the American rule, but it should not be done. In the United States, where they have considerable mahogany, quarter-sawed oak, walnut, and other expensive hardwoods, it is all right, but here our pine is more valuable than our hard- woods. Our supply of oak is a mere drop in the bucket.” At first glance the difference in freight would not seem to cut much of a figure, but as a matter of fact it. means about 40 cents on a thousand feet, which is a good slice out of the profits of handling the lumber. I also observe that special rates are charged in Canada on all expensive hardwoods, such as cherry, rosewood, walnut and mahogany. It would therefore seem that only on the less expensive hardwoods could even the 7% cent rate be obtained. * * * ‘‘T HAVE noticed that when a year starts out with everone anticipating a good trade, the opposite result is often experienced, and vice versa.” This was the significant remark made to me by an Ottawa lumberman, who believes that the lumber trade is not yet quite on the verge of ‘‘blue ruin,” and that the present year will close its books showing a satisfactory bal- ance sheet. In this conviction lumbermen sincerely hope there will prove to be more truth than poetry. I believe that the first six months of the year have not done much towards making our lumbermen millionaires, yet visit any of them at their offices or mills and you will at once con- clude that the turmoil of business life is resting lightly upon them. Many of our greatest lumbermen have reached the enviable position which they hold to-day by pursuing a policy of honesty and industry. Starting as a woodsman in their early days, they have gradually climbed the ladder of success until now they are recog- nized as a ‘‘ power in the land.” They are self- made men, and have learned to accept both the “Cups” and ‘‘downs” of this world in the same cheerful spirit. An instance of the success which many lumbermen have attained is well illustrated in the case of the recent Dominion elections, when there were elected as representa- tives of the people a large number of men prom- inently connected with the lumber industry. ‘‘Eli” sincerely hopes that the representation may succeed in keeping the Government’s head level on all matters pertaining to the welfare of our country and especially to the lumber trade. FOREST PRESERVATION IN MINNESOTA. TuHE State of Minnesota, U.S., previous to the year 1895, had suffered greatly from forest fires, and in the Hinckley fire on September 1, 1894, there perished four hundred and eighteen persons. In April, 1895, an act was passed by the Legis- lature of the State for the prevention of forest and prairie fires. The first annual report of the Chief Fire Warden is to hand, and contains up- wards of two hundred pages, in which is given much valuable information in regard to the sys- tem of protection and causes of the fires. The number of forest fires reported’ in 1895 was twenty-seven, burning over 8,265 acres and doing damage to the extent of $3,125. The causes were: Clearing land, 5; railroad locomo- tives, 4; hunters and fishers, 4; other causes, 5; Of prairie fires there were 105, burning over 73,000 acres and causing damage to the amount of $34,277. The causes of prairie and field fires were: Railroad locomotives, 28 ; burning straw, 10; burning stubble, 10; thresh- ing engines, 8; other causes, 8; unknown, 13. Letters are printed from the Baldwin Locomo- tive Works, Philadelphia, and the London & North Western and London & South Western Railway companies showing the devices in use for pre- venting the escape of sparks from locomotives. It is stated that the system of spark arrester unknown, 9. AUGUST, 1896 which is found most efficient in locomotives is for coal-burning locomotives, the device known as the extended smoke box with straight smoke stack, netting, deflecting plate and spark arrester. No spark-arresting device is absolutely efficient. The degree of efficiency of any device depends upon the care with which it is maintained in good condition. Fine sparks will escape from either of the above devices when in the best con- dition, and coarse sparks will escape when in an improper condition. The fine sparks are not dangerous, the coarse sparks are. The chief adds: ‘‘If the most efficient spark-arresting de- vice practicable is used and kept in the best con- dition there will be very few fires caused by The question arises, Are locomo- tive engineers sufficiently conscientious in keeping their netting in good condition? Do they not too. often. allow holes to exist in the netting ? Are inspections sufficiently frequent and rigorous? Do railroad managers hold their locomotive en- gineers to as strict accountability in this matter as they ought? It appears to me that the public have reason to expect some decrease in the num- ber of fires set by railroad locomotives.” locomotives. LOG LOADER AND TURNER. PETER McNERNEY, of Marinette, Wis., has been granted a patent for Canada for a log loader and turner, as shown by the accompanying illus tration. In the claim therefor is embodied the following points: An apparatus for turning logs on saw-mill carriages, comprising a canting arm pivoted mediate of its length with a vertically and laterally movable pivot, a piston rod D, and connections for raising and lowering the pivot of said canting arm and for swinging said pivot laterally, and a piston rod C’ and bar P for swinging the canting arm about said pivot, with movable support consisting of the bent bar K, having the short arm k', the piston rod D" pivot- ally connected to said arm k’ and the piston rod C' and bar F connecting piston rod with canting arm, etc. Ina log loading and turning appara- tus, the combination with a pivoted loading arm F and a plurality of pivoted canting arms, M, of two stationary cylinders C and D with piston rods C’ and D', and connecting rods from one of of the said cylinders, for raising or lowering the pivots of all said arms, and connecting rods from the other of said cylinders, as C, for swing- ing all of said arms about their pivots, etc., sub- stantially as described. fa i} oo, ee tf ‘ll rt an aes Pye eS | Oe ee a **. The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRI WEEKLY [DITION BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. } gioo Per YEAR { The Lumberman Weekly Edition, everu Wednesday NCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE Vou. I. TORONTO, ONT., JULY 29, 1896 (CANADA L,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY Cc. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New York Lire INSURANCE BuILDING, MOonTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber produccs at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and Paatidlly subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. 4 Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET INSPEGTION BOOK =ee Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of , Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also many useful tables and eziculations of everyday service to Izmbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the ‘ Canada Lumberman.” =ow Toronto, Canada C H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 T HE above is atac simile of the title page of the latest and most complete Lumber and Inspection Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a. Gopy on receipt of four 3 cent Ga- nadian postage stamps ° ° ° ° THE (GANADA [_UMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 2s per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. — = FOR SALE. 5 ate ALLIGATOR STEAM WARPING TUGS) in good working order. For prices and particulars apply to Gitmour & Co., Trenton, Ont. WANTED. Che OR MORE CARS OF 1%” COMMON AND No. 1 and 2 Red Oak, in fair shipping condition. Quote price on cars, with rate of freight or delivered price at Buffalo. BurraLo Harpwoop LumseEr Co., 940 Elk St., Buffalo, WN. ¥- CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. Taking the lumber trade of Ontario as a whole, it cannot be said to be in a satis- factory condition, There is some move- ment of lumber, but it is not of large volume, and the prices realized in most cases leave a very small margin of profit. The stocks of pine which have been ac- cumulating for the past two years continue to increase. Manufacturers have been holding off for higher prices, but these have not materialized, and the result is that dealers are this year willing to accept even a lower figure than was offered last year, in the hope of reducing the quantity of stock in their hands. This has resulted in a general depreciation in values of the lower grades, but for the best lumber prices have been well maintained. There are some points at which there is consil- erable activity, but it is mostly in the case of mills manufacturing deals and lumber for the British market. Shipments ‘from the Ottawa valley are quite brisk, and the exports from Montreal show that large quantities are going forward each week. Of the United States market nothing en- couraging can be said. The only re- quests for lumber are for such stocks as are in very limited supply. For hemlock there is a fairdemand. Hardwoods have shown a downward tendency within the past week. Prices remain firm, but de- mand weak. The encouraging features of the fall trade are the good crop pros- pects and abundant yield of fruit. The latter should create a demand for cooper- age stock. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. So far as the foreign lumber trade of the province of Quebecis concerned, it can justly be said to bein a healthy condition. Many mills are yet busy filling contracts for stock made at good figures early in the season, although some trouble has been encountered in getting the logs out on account of low water. From the vicinity of the Ottawa valley shipments are brisk, and available space in the steamers iS readily taken up. Of local trade nothing encouraging is reported. There is little building in progress or in contemplation. In New Brunswick the situation has not changed. Last week two lumber cargoes cleared from St. John for South America, one for France, and three for British ports, besides a fleet of small cargoes for the United States. Seven steamers are now loading deals at that port for trans- atlantic points. The United States mar- ket shows signs of further weakening. The supply of spruce is largely in excess of the demand, and prices are being cut to effect sales. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. The demand for British Columbia lum- ber for China has given strength to the market, there being several vessels load- ing at the different mills destined for that country. The Victoria Lumber and Manufacturing Co.’s mill is running day and night, and a large portion of its pro- duct will be shipped to China. Several vessels are also loading for Australia. Local consumption is fair, although a large amount of capital has been withdrawn from circulation for the purpose of being invested in mining properties. Collections ‘are therefore difficult to make, but never- theless the lumber trade will be one of the industries benefitted by the mining boom now on. In Manitoba crop pros- pects are good, and lumber is considered in a favorable condition, although sales are not heavy. UNITED STATES. Public attention is being turned to po- litical conventions, to the detriment of business. So far as lumber is concerned there is little business which requires at- tention, and dealers realize that in the consideration of the many important ques- tions affecting the commerce of the country there is about as much to be gained as in trying to effect lumber sales. During the month of July, which is usually a quiet one, there has been pronounced quietude, which is attributed in some de- gree to the political situation, and which it is thought will pass away before the month of August has closed. While orders for lumber have been withheld of late, it is not possible that this condition can prevail for any length of time, as the approach of the fall season and the har- vesting of the crops must result in a fair demand. A favorable feature is the abun- dant corn crop, which will necessitate the erection of a large number of corn cribs. The resumption of manufacturing indus- tries at an early date will also cause a steady consumption of lumber. The main sources of complaint with respect to white pine are an oversupply of stock and low prices. Buyers are pursuing a conserva- tive policy. Good common and better is in fair request, and prices have been main- tained. Inthe lower grades there is a marked depression, and docks are over- crowded. Inthe hardwood market oak is the leader, but even in that wood buy- ing is restricted. In the Eastern States the overproduction of spruce continues to increase, and cutting of prices is being in- dulged in. A movement has been com- menced to curtail the output. At Buffalo there 1s some demand for black ash, elm and chestnut. FOREIGN. The quietude of the summer season is being felt by the lumber trade of Great Britain, the result being a slight falling off in the demand for lumber. The firm tone of the market, however, has been maintained, as dealers recognize that the inactivity is only temporary and cannot be taken as a general weakening of the demand. The f.o.b. business has been practically concluded for the year, and agents anticipate little new business. For. dimension stuff there is a fair demand, while in connection with spruce it is stated that stocks are as yet light, late arrivals having gone into consumption immedi- ately, and cargoes now on the way will be eagerly sought for. Pitch pine is improv- ing in price, and shippers are closing sales for next season at an advance of two pence per cubic foot. The market is practically in the hands of manufacturers and ship- pers. Although the quantity of pitch pine in stock at Liverpool is large, it is said to be of small average and poor quality, and not such as would command a ready sale even at the time ofa brisk market. At Glasgow trade is not brisk, although pine and spruce deals are moving well and some sales of pitch pine have been made at good figures. In hardwoods there is very little doing. The stock of mahogany in first hands is small, and transactions by whole- sale dealers are necessarily very few in number. Steamship chartering is not as brisk as it was a few weeks ago, and the call now 1s principally for small tonnage. The Timber Trades Journal, of London, Eng., urges precaution on the part of Canadian shippers lest the British market should be overstocked. While values are certain to be maintained for the present season, a large influx of stock this fall eda is ea oy eth Nath dE Rs Sobid > | oad ie Ae poh Ca . iE. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. would burden the market during the winter months, with the result that spring trade would open with a reduction in values. STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. Upwards of 15,000,000 feet of rafted lumber have been scaled at Springhill, N. B., so far this season. Piggott & Sons, contractors, of Windsor and Chatham, last week purchased 1,500,- ooo feet of lumber in Duluth. C. Beaman, of Burritt’s Rapids, Ont., has purchased a large raft of logs from S. Harnet, of North Gower. The lumber will be cut for the United States market. Shipments from the Consular district of Vancouver, B. C., to the United States for six months ending June 30th last, were as follows: Lumber, $59,871; shingles, $48,428 ; timber, $13,580. Geo. Vaughan, formerly of Point Wolfe, N. B., has purchased from the New Brunswick Tracing Company the property at Black Brook, Northumberland county. The purchase includes the mill, houses, lumbering privileges, etc. The price paid is understood to have been $50,000. The following shipments are reported from the Moodyville mill, Vancouver, B. C., for China: American bark Quickstep, for Tientsin, with 465,359 ft. rough lumber, valued at $4,559; Amer. ship Benjamin Sewell, for Shanghai, with 61,158 ft. dressed and 984,218 ft. rough lumber, valued at $8,886. Shipments of lumber from Parrsboro, N. S., are reported as follows: For Dub- lin, per barque Anna Camp, 863,680 ft. deals and 107,103 ft. ends, by Geo. Mc- Kean. For Manchester, per barque Nep- tune, 989,143 ft. deals and 34,307 ft. ends, by W. M. McKay. For Buenos Ayres, per Barqt. Persia, 504,214 ft. spruce lum- ber, by J. H. and J. W. Seaman. “For Garston, per ship Sally, 766,905 ft. deals, 174,127 ft. ends, scantling and car bot- toms, by W. M. McKay. Since our last issue the following ship- ments of lumber have been made from Montreal to Europe: Per steamship Si- berian, for Glasgow—W. & J. Sharples, 19,858 pcs. deals, boards and ends, 657 do. timber and squares ; Imperial Lumber Co., 3029 do. deals and boards; Robt. Thompson & Co., 1339 do. deals. Per steamship Montevidean, for London—Do- bell, Beckett & Co., 423 birch logs, 77 walnut logs. Per steamship Caldry, for London—Dobell, Beckett & Co., 61,052 pes. deals and ends. Per steamship Tri- tonia, for Glasgow—J. Burstall & Cae., 5706 pes. deals, 8548 pcs. ends; McAr- thur Bros., 9195 pes. ends, 245 pcs. birch ; W. & J. Sharples, 9981 pcs. deals, 2160 pes. boards, 1236 pcs. ends; Watson & Todd, 3781 pcs. ends, 6999 pcs. deals. Per steamship Greylands, for London— Dobell, Beckett & Co., 79,906 pcs. deals, 11,759 pcs. boards, 7059 pcs. ends. Per steamship Merrimac, for Bristol—J. Bur- stall & Co., 6822 pcs. deals; McArthur Bros., 2181 pcs. deals; Dobell, Beckett & Co., 12,853 pcs. deals, 91 pcs. timber ; Watson & Todd, 10,470 pes. deals. Per steamship Sardinian, for Liverpool—W. & J. Sharples, 12,870 pcs. deals and boards. Per steamship Tuskar, for Lon- don—Estate James McLaren, 39,284 pcs. deals, 13,845 pcs. ends, 1856 pcs. boards ; W. & J. Sharples, 18,761 pcs. deals, 59 pcs, ends; E. H. Lemay, 20,536 pcs. deals, boards and ends. Per steamship Loango, for London—W. & J, Sharples, 535 pcs. deal ends, 8664 pcs. deals. Per steamship Ottoman, for Liverpool—Wat- son & Todd, 2422 pcs. deal ends, 6089 do. deals, 4854 do. boards ; W. & J. Sharples, 3113 do. deal ends; R. Cox & Co,, 2090 do. FOREIGN. The Eastman Lumber Co., of Saginaw, Mich., has closed down for the season, after cutting 4,000,000 feet. The Sterns Lumber Co., of Bangor, Maine, has chartered a steamer to take 800,000 feet of small dimension spruce to Buenos Ayres. The Holland & Emery Lumber Co. have closed down both of their mills at East Tawas. They have 25,000,000 feet of lumber on hand. The custom house receipts at Boston, Mass., show that 25,259,000 feet of boards, deals, plank and other sawed lumber were imported from Canada for the six months ending June 3oth last. Log run at Saginaw, Mich., ranges from $10 upwards, the majority of sales being made at $15, although 3,000,000 ft. of se- lected pine brought $23. Box lumber is quoted at $8.25 to $9 and bill stuff at $7.50 to $8.25. At Foy, Morgan & Co.’s sale at London on the 15th inst., Canadian goods sold as follows: 4th spruce, from Quebec, 12 and 14 ft. 3x0, £6 155. tom 46) 17s.16d. sand spruce, 12x3x9, 47 1os.; 3rd dry pine, £8 to £8 -15s. for 12/13x3x9, and £7 15s. to £8 for % in. of the same length. BUSINESS NOTES. Deslormiers & Co., sash and door factory, Valois, Que , have dissolved. Cross & Ewing, ‘lumber merchants, Duds- well, Que., have formed a new co-partnership. S. G. M. Gates, sawmiller, Bay City, Mich., is said to have called a meeting of his creditors. Thos. Sutherland, of the firm of Thos. Sutherland & Co., Liverpool, Eng., has com- menced business as timber broker on his own account at 15a Canada Dock. Alex. Scott, saw mill owner, Buckingham, Que., is announced to have assigned. Mr. Scott was formerly manager for the Bucking- ham Manufacturing Company. The extensive mill and timber limit interests of the Sayward Mill and Lumber Co., Victoria, B, C., have recently again become the property of Mr. J. A. Sayward, who at the time of the company’s formation retained a mortgage on the property, which he has now foreclosed. James T. Hurst, lumberman, of Wyandotte, Mich., is financially embarrasse], and has transferred a portion of his property to his creditors. A number of Canadian interests will be effected thereby, the Traders’ Bank of Canada being a creditor to the extent of $12,- ooo. Mr. Hurst owns timber limits on the Georgian Bay. The assets are about $1,000,- 000, and liabilities about half that amount. FIRES. The Hastings shingle mill at Vancouver, B. C., owned by E. H. Heaps and leased by J. & D. McNair, was destroyed by fire on the 27th inst. Loss, $10,000; insurance $2,500. Fire at Cheboygan, Mich., on the 25th inst., destroyed five million feet of lumber owned by Monroe, Bryce & Co. and Ward Bros., of Grand Haven; Theodore Hine, of Bay City, and Swift Bros., of Cheboygan. Loss, $100,- 000 ; insurance, $65,000. We Want to Buy — 1 to 2in. 1 and 2 Red Birch Gin. and up. 1 to 4in. os Brown Ash bg 1 to Zin. os Plain Oak oe 1 to Sin. vs Soft Elm ae 1 to 4in. vd Hard Maple “8 Send lowest casa prices and full description of stock as to width, length and dryness. LAWRENCE Hardwoods and Mahogany & WIGGIN BOSTON, MASS. | THE OTTAWA VALLEY. , In and around the Ottawa valley the lumber trade isin a fairly healthy condition. Shipments to the British market are active, but wholesalers report very little demand from South America. McLachlin Bros., Arnpricr, cut something like 600,000 feet per day with their four big mills. They have disposed of this year’s cut at a good price to an Ottawa firm. J. R. & J. Gillies, Arnprior, are filling stock orders and shipping all the time. Trade shows a little improvement. Jos. Coswell, Renfrew, is getting out 20,000 logs this spring, and has 33,000 logs from last season, which he is having cut. The drive is not all in yet. P. Young, Almonte, complains of a falling off in demand for building timber, and dressed lumber is not in good demand. Mr. Acton, Almonte, reports business only fair, although prices are well maintained. A. Nichols & Son, Carleton Place, have add- ed to their planing mill and have been doing a good business. They are filling numerous orders for cheese boxes. The Canada Lumber Co., Carleton Place, are running night and day, and will finish up their limits this season. It is rumored that the mills will then close down for good. The Ottawa Transportation Company report shipments as good as in corresponding months last year. The cargoes have consisted princi- pally of deals for the British market. The St. Anthony Lumber Co.’s mill at Whitney is doing good work, having cut 2,- 000,000 ft. in one week, and as high as 400,000 ft. in 24 hours. Gilmour’s mill at Algonquin Park is running night and day, and cuts with one band saw about 125,000 feet per day. The upper storey of the mill is finshed. The main body of the mill is 266 feet long by 55 feet wide. The sort- ing shed is 100 ft. long by 200 ft. wide, and additions will be made for a shingle mill, etc. About 100 men are employed at present. The Ross McLaren Lumber Co. are not operating their mill this season. T. R. Davies, of Ottawa, is selling a large quantity of X shingles at $1.25, and lath culls at $1.00; No. 1 at $1.50. SHIPPING MATTERS. Steamship Emma goes up to West Bay to take in deals for W. C. England at 38s. Steamship Santanderino has been fixed to load deals at St. John, N. B,, for Liverpool at 38s. Ship Levuka, now at Boston, has been chart- ered to load lumber for Buenos Ayres at $7.75, option St. John loading, $8.75. The following lumber charters are reported : Ship Loanda, Montreal to Buenos Ayres, Jum- ber, $9.50; Caldera, Batiscan to do., lumber, $9.50; asteamer, 1,655 tons, Quebec to U. K., deals, private terms; Mantinea, Miramichi to w. c. England, deals, 42s. 6d.; a ship, 1,575 tons, Bastican to Buenos Ayres, lumber, $9.50; ship, 1,525 tons, Montreal to do., $9.50; steamer, 1,508 tons, St. John, N. B., tow. c. E., deals, 38s. ; steamer, 1,361 tons, Sheet Harbour to do. do., 38s. 9d.; ship, 1,497 tons, St. John, N. B., to Swansea, deals, 41s. 3d. ; steamer, 1,976 tons, Quebec to Greenock, deals, £2,300, option of Manchester, 39s.; steamer, 1,916 tons, Quebec to Liverpool or Greenock, timber, 62s. 6d.; bark, 1,234 tons, St. John, N. B., to Buenos Ayres, lumber, $8. 50. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way areas follows: Ottawa to Toronto, 10 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Buffalo, r2 cents per 100 lbs.: Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per roo Ibs. Ottawa to New York, water delivery, lots of 50 M feet and over, $2.50 per M ft.; under 50 M feet, $3.25 per M ft. (subject to extra towage) 3,000 Ibs. and under rer M ft. Arn- prior to New York, lots of 50 M feet and over, $3.00 per M ft.; under 50 M feet, $3.75 per M ft. (subject to extra towage) 3,000 Ibs and under per M ft, Ottawa to WANTE JuLy 29, 1896 Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports 13c. per zoo lbs.; Arnprior to Boston; — Portland and common points, local 17 cents; export 15 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents pes 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Albany, 1o cents per 103 ibs, Arnprior t6 Albany, 12 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 100,lbs. Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per 100 lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the mi-iimum carload charged is ro M ft., lumber not exceeding 3,000 lbs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. Lumber freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Of any intended change due notice will be given lumbermen. ~ General instructions in shipping by Grand Trunk are embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On lum- ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. per car, unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 lbs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light lumber up to 30,000 lbs. to the car, then the actual weight only will be charged for, but not less than 24,- ooo lbs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not higher from an intermediate point on the straight run than from the first named point beyond, to the same des- tination. For instance, the rates from Tara or Hi worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, wou not be higher than the specific rates named from Wiar- ton to the same points. The rates from Ca and Southampton to ‘points east of Listowel south and west of Stratford, will be the same as from Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to be charged than as per mileage table published on page 9 of tariff. ’ Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Glencairn, Cees eo ae and eae points in group B to Toronto, 6}c.; Collingwood, Penetang, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeor Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; Brace, bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor- Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, gc.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, 1oc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c. ese rates are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 714c. per 100 lbs.: to Deseronto, 9c.; to Brockville and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, irc. The rates on hardwoods average about from re. to 2c. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pitle and soft woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, ge ; Al- goma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, 12c.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 144%c. per roo lbs. lations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 Ibs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : “« After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7}4c. per roc lbs from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt London, Woodstock,. Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardw men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low as on pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7}4c from same points. Telephone 5332 Established 1851 JOHN B. SMITH & SONS, MANUFACTURERS OF y LUMBER Lath, Shingles, Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, Boxes, &c. BILL LUMBER a Specialty Cor. Strachan and Wellington Avenues, TORONTO. MTU Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN No 89 State St., Boston, Mass. Inspection at mill. 1 Car of 2in. No. 1 and No. 2 Dry Rock Elm: ALL 14 FEET : > ae hab ¥ a a * Es BOSTON LUMBER CO. _N0.27 KILBY ST., BOSTON, MASS. RONAN LINE CoNNECTION—Canadian Pacific Railway ; Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh; New York Central & H. R. Rd. Ronan Line. ; HUDSON RIVER LUMBER TRANSPORTATION. Water Connection from Albany with lumber points in Canada via Canadian Pacific Railway to New York Harbor, Long Island Sound and inland waters of New Jersey... . “ Orrices—Lumber District, Albany, N. Y.; 20 South St., New York. Telephone 711 Broad. PARKER C. RONAN, Manager. — nts gee eS CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. III. CANADIAN EXPORTERS «” WHOLESALERS Thos. Meaney & Co. . London Canadian Chambers 103 Bay St. - Toronto, Ont. lJ M B f ft MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : PMlanvracrurers OF E t t White Pi d Hemlock Bill Stuff. H LUMBER W Corea a muantity ee eye Mill Stocks Je Sidings, a Gir Ener ee 16in. Pine Shingles and 4{t. Lath 1% in. wide. LATH as» SHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED T# PEMBROKE LUMBER CO.u7. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. PEMBROKE, ONT @ @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills => rt Qe FOR SALE rT] EEE Prt r 11 —— ADDRESS ——— BOOTH & GORDON __- WM. MASON & SONS . . . LUMBER | DIMENSION TIMBER “Saino: and SHINGLES : We have the largest and best equipped Dimension Saw Mill in Eastern Canada. All our machinery is of the latest and most improved pattern, and we are prepared to quote prices on and supply at the shortest notice any orders that may be submitted to us. Address, P. 0. Box 1020, OTTAWA, ONT. would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at Spanish River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Raysile, C. P. R. Will have five to six million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on limit at Spanish River. And have about five million feet at mouth French River which could be delivered at opening of navigation Sudbury, Ont. Manufacturers of...... and Dealers in ae Ottawa Ottawa Lumbér 60. Ganada WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, etc. Wrrite for Stock List KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING SEEING. GEILING Red Pine Dimension Logs, 22°32, 222.38 Uae Ge. CAN Ba CO: wuotesaLEe HARDWOOD - (UME 35 Adelaide East, Toronto, Ont. Send us full description and lowest price for any lumber you have for sale. Pe bA WY HF ATR & Com Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER * LATH ° SHINGLES Pai iakooecin MIDLAND, ONT. THE REID GO.,, of TORONTO, Ltd. Handle all kinds of Pine and Hardwood Lumber sé LU Vi i E WHOLESALE LONG OAK BILLS A SPECIALTY AND RETAIL Office, Gorner King and Berkeley Sts. DOCK, FOOT OF BERKELEY ST. PACIFIC COAST LUMBER CO. “MANUFACTURERS OF British Golumbia Red Gedar Lumber and Shingl Kiln-Dried Bevel Siding, V Siding, Geiling, Wainscoting Door Stock, Base, Gasings, Mouldings, etc. We do accurate work and make reasonably prompt shipments. NEW WESTMINSTER, B ; B.C. YES, Yard No. 1, including most of our Seasoned Stock was burned, but do not forget that we are still in position to fill your orders for stock of almost cvery description, and can do so promptly. Our mills started directly after the fire, and we will continue to : make lumber for you until the end of the season, and wish tt understood we ave as eager for your trade as ever. We thank our patrons for past favors, and solicit their future orders. $90.00 ~-O@— SAMPLES BY MAIL KNIGHT BROS. Burk’s Falls, Ont. FOREIGN EXPORTERS 1” IMPORTERS DoONOGH_ & OLIVER °° °° wiowateeseein | UNDE, Lath ana Shingles NORTA TONAWANDA, N.Y. James Smith & Bro. ; AGENTS FOR WOOD GOODS 14 Canada Dock, LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND Cable Address—WALMER, LIVERPOOL TORONTO: Northern Docks. -i- eS Market Reports Given and Advances Made Against Shipments. Lumberman’s Inspection Book Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps for a copy of the LuMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET Inspection Book, containing rules for the Inspection of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the Leading Markets of the United States and Canada. Acdress : The CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. Write us if you have any.... for immediate DRY SOFT ELM Shomer SCATCHERD & SON - 1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N, Y, W A N T E [) 1, 104", 134", 0, 8 and A” Asts and 2nds Grey Elm. Also 124” Rock Elm, Log Run. Please quote prices delivered Black Rock, Buffalo, N. Y T.SULLIVAN & CO. © Buffalo, N. Y. ONE DOLLAR will pay your subscription to the weekly and monthiy CaNADA LUMBERMAN for ONE YEAK — 2a iy The CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont | BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER COMPANY 940 Elk St., BUFFALO, N. Y.- 50,000 ft. 2in. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Soft Elm. 100,000 ft. 1% in. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Sofé Elm. \ WANTED { 30,000 ft. 2% in. Nos. Land 2 and Common Soft Elim. 100,000 ft. Lin. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Rock Elm. Are also in the market as CASH BUYERS for other kinds of Hardwoods. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. —_Are also in the market as CASH BUYERS for other Kinds of Hero’ _ oA aC ANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY —- Ottawa Arnprior & Parry Sound Ru. Shortest and Quickest Route from ’ . - - operating - - OTTAWA & NE “YORK LUMBER LINE OTTAWA & BOSTON LUMBER LINE CANADA ATLANTIC FAST FREIGHT LINE R. A. Carter, Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade, OTTAWA, ROCKLAND, HAWKESBURY, ARN- PRIOR and all points on Grand Trunk Ry. TO... BOSTON, PORTLAND, NEW YORK, DETROIT, TONAWANDA, ALBANY, &c., MONTREAL, TORONTO, QUEBEC, HALIFAX, ST. JOHN, &c. Capt. J. H. Witiiams, 16 Lumber Dist., Albany, N.Y. Montreal. 5 Joun Smiru Ontario Agent Union Station, Toronto. C. J. SMiTH General Freight Agent, Ottawa, Ont. — © Ottawa & New York Lumber Ling © ONDED LIN GANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. ae Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. SRLAWARE & HUDSON caNnat co. \J. H.Williams NEw TORK OFFICE, on Wall Street WILLIAMS’ LINE. Agent Telephone 531 Broad. \ - ; ie — an) _ 1V. ee ——————— DIREGTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman ” BELTING Canadian Rubber Co., McLaren, J. C., Belting ; Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville Sobin, Sadier & Haworth, Mont The Waterous Co., Brantford. DRY KILNS McEachrer Heating & Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Flushing, Nis. Yee The Emerson Co., Baltimore, Md. INJECTORS Pict Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Hamilton Brass Mfg. Co., Hamilton, Ont. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. MACHINERY Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., Darling Bros., Montreal. Mowry & Son, B. R., Gravenhurst, Ont. Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que., Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., Small & Fisher Co., Woodstock, Ont. The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. The Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que. he Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. RAILWAYS Flint & Pere Marquecte Railroad. Illinois Central R.R. SAW MANUFACTURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. Robertson & Co., ~ SPLIT PULLEYS Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Donogh & Oliver, North Tonawanda, N.Y., and Toronto, Ont Shier, J. D. Bracebridge, Ont. Wiggin, H. D., Boston, Mass. MISCELLANEOUS Axes, Campbell Bros., St, John, N. B. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Ont. Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Lumbermen’s Clothing, W. Carss & Co., Orillia, Ont. Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Metal Roofing, Pedlar Metal Roofing Co., Oshawa, Ont. Patent Medicines, Ripan’s Chemical Co., New York, N.Y. Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. Silver Solder, P. W. Ellis & Co., Toronto. Turbines, J. C. Wilson & Co., Glenora, Ont. Montreal, Toronto and Winnipeg. Co., Montreal and Toronto. Que. real and Toronto. Kingston, Ont. James, Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N.B. WHOLESALE PRICES CURRENT. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, July 29, 1896. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. 3114, 1% and 2 inch cut up and better......eseeeeeeeeeeeeee 33 00 36 00 2 inch picks and uppers...--.-.r-escorereeecerecesretrse es 35 00 37 50 rxi2 dressing and better, 607, 16 ft...-+..+es-ssseeerereees 24 00 26 co rxro fine dressing and better....+--.+s+-cessreereeesesrees 23 00 25 00 1xzo and 12 Canadian dressing aritl Debber ceiciee sce ee ete 20 00, 22 00 y 1-2 and thicker cutting up Pla. ence recess even eee 24 00 26 00 1 1-4 in. cut up and better.......- 36 00 rxro and 12 millrun......-.-.- 18 00 rxro and 12 COMMON....-.-++eee reer eres 15 00 rxzo and 12 mill culls.......--.+---+eeessrerreeeee 5 Io 00 pinch clear and picks......--.0--je aeetene 9 maT a 16 18 ERS HQ NOcB ee aces sg se cu inig One niet Te ine skills ae Ener ae 15 17 QUEBEC, QUE. QuEBEC, July 29, 1896. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. Cts. Foi interior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., measured Off... ....2-scesecre sens rr ener tenmasers stages a 16 @ 22 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off, 20 2 For good and good fairaverage ‘* 2 Fe ee the Pea 0 For superior fF a a A gz AO In shipping order ‘ se we Be cr Si 3G) eee Waney board, 18 to 1g inch se z Lid St E30 ae Waney board, 19 to 21 inch x oe ee Ke «38 dS RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. 22 jo OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according to average andquality. . . -40 49 Lae : ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 tosofeet. . 30 32 oe Bs os "" 30to 35 feet. . 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average an quality: « + « -22 32 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . . 2k | 25 TAMARAC. S i i ity . é einer according to size and quality si = DEALS. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $42 to $44 for xst, $28 to $30 for 2nd, $25 to $27 for 3rd, and $21 to $23 for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., July 29, 1896. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, 1 in., ro in. and up Selects, zin., 8in. and up wide $49 00 wide......5 ues 45 OC 14%, 1% and2in......+.+-. 41 00 1%, 1% and 2 in 45 0c) 2% and3in........+..+++5 47 00 24 and 3 1M.-.--s.eses sees 53 00] G4 iMe.ssseceee ceceeecennee 50 00 A Wine case ea cieainte) ornare torres 56 90 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 244 and 3in., Sin. and up wide 42 00 1%, 1% and 2in.......+.+-+ 35 00 | 4 i.e vnccees cee eceeeeseleeme 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO, I CUTTING. : rin., 7in. and up wide...... 23 50| 234 and 3in., 7in. and up wide 37 00 14%, 14% and 2in.... .+...4-- BI 00) | 4 IN. . cen cede tee aeconenede 40 00 STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 14 in., 4,5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00 | 1in., 4,5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 GAN, WIGE. 2... tree wa secon = 36 00 | 6 in. wide. ....s.+ereseeeees 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. 14 in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide...... 30 oo | x in., 6 in. wide............- 30 oO 1in., 4, 5in, wide. ...-....+ 25 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 1U{in., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 co | rin., 4,5, 6 in, wide........ 22 00 NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. in., 4,5 ANG FH cies oie 16 oo| rin., 4,5 and 7in.... I5 00 Tin., GIN... - eee eee eevee £7 00 | Pin, GIN. ..2 6. vee cee rey tea Pe) : : SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in,, 10 in. stocks.... 25 00 | No.2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 rin, ro in. and up wide... 26 00 Tilt LOAN SEOCKS:. sex soe a 2I 00 tin., 12 in. stocks........- 29 00 1 in,, 12 in. stocks...,..... 24 00 1 in., 12 in, and up wide... 30 00 x in., 10 in. and up wide... 22 00 14in. 1% and 2in,, 8in. and i in., 13 in. and up wide... 25 00 UP WIE oo eee ener ee eeee 29 00 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS. No. 1, 12 iM... ss sees eee e eee 20 00 | No, 2, 91M. ..5-+5- «eseseras 13 50 TOU... 65 eee ee eee er eee ee 16 50 8 and 7 in... yen GTSy5O QIN. oor e ee econ rte een ey 16 00 | No. 3, 12.1... see esse eee e ee I2 50 Sand 7 in.....---s.e sees 16 00 LO)Uirsicicaleia sap alvivisle sa simess Ir 00 No. 2, 12i..-.++-+++ee+++es 16 00 QIN... eee eves esse cence ee II 00 MO OEM icp is ictela (ane clara hele era earch I4 00 CS aera pe Sree PIE IT, Ate OF II 00 is 5 : SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. rin., 4 and 5 in. wide ..:.... $ 9 00 | 1 in., r3 in, and up wide..... $11 50 rin., 6 in. wide.........+--+ 10 00 | 1%, 1% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1in., 7 in. wide and up...... Io 00 IS) NE, ean cy oni eineete II 00 . ; _. SHAKY CLEAR. rin., 3) 4,5) 7,8 and gin. wide 17 00| 1 in., to in. and up wide..... 18 00 rin., 6 in. wide.... .-.+++-++ 18 00 | 1%, 1 and 2 in., 8in. and up WI Ge trans aciaiee cay testes 20 00 : , COFFIN BOARDS. No. 3, 1 in., 13in, and up.... 20 00 | No. 1, DEUCES: wats oie!late eisie 8 00 ING) Qa ashe cleteis agitniecs she Page's 17 00 | No, 2, or red horse........-- 6 50 BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED. Extra clear (perfect)......... 23) GO| Wiestait waislaveresecce inion sinieteraseer 18 00 No. x (nearly clear). ...-.--- ax 2S0:| Nes gic sales cogent 14 00 TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.$ 8 so Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, I2 to Fhe Pe oe OI eet Ie 50 TOPERt ii. Cats Cea eee 8 00 BO Ate wie vip les nites oe slate on tae II 50 BRIAN 2 dc a-s\afareeiae ene 5° g2-and GA fty. al ie ea , i “ rst & and, 8 inch up, 2000 2200 BIRCH. 1st & 2nd, 6 inch & | ees - Up, ted)....-+.+22. 28 90° gO 00 Com & geod Ist & 2d, rock, 8in. &up, 18 00 22 00 ast & ad, soft MAPLE. = ee, rst & 2d, hard, 6in. & up 18 00 20 00 ist & 2d, soft, oak WHITE OAK. >. ist & 2nd, plain, j Clear squares, x re Bin &up.....+-... 2600 28 0c] to x8.-......6 a ie yea 15 00 17 00 si & anda riers) aa ood (CUMS cman eealalele 10 00 1200 in. Upc. prac RED OAK. Kane | © 18t Bosndlt, os ara oie 25 00 27 0. | Quartered ag Wad eee 9 44 00 Commion fF. 4.2.00. oe 14 00 1600 pened © a ee Call cwp vise oe o's “ee » 9 00 1000 : ; : NEW YORK CITY. | - New York, N. Y., July <9, 5 WHITE PINE LUMBER : Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source rendering it useless to give prices for local market. nr : WHITE PINE TIMBER. ‘ Bridge timber....... $28 00 @ 49 90 | Building orders... -.$27 Decking... ..--. Sie, 4ptooe Epa no: ‘ SPRUCE. 6 to gin.....-- seers 14 00 14 50| 10 to r2in... 6 to 12in....-- ++++e 14 50 15 75| Lath. gto12in.....-+...s 15 75 16 25 HARDWOOD. 4/4 and thicker, No. 1 and 2 Black Ash, 10 to 16... “ec “ ae Soft Elm, “ee ue i = Hard Maple, ita “ee ce ‘Sieemomee es ye re Birch, Ep Y ‘© * Black Ash, Com. and Shipping Ci ee os Soft Elm, ee oe = i Hard Maple, “‘ ie ‘ Basswood,,. ae it Birch, ee ALBANY, N.Y. Uppers, 3 in. up..... B56 AN wroteon Sens - Bracket plank ....-.-- «++» 30 Shelving boards, 12-in. up .. 30° Pine {. eaves ee Pac Fe $2 25 | Spruce ..... SHINGLES. Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30| Boun Clear butts .......--- 325 335 Smooth, 6x18....... 5 40 5 50 - OSWEGO ae ak oan May: PL ree uppers, 1%, 134 and 2inch....... Pickings, a ae sie shoe sito No. 1, cutting up, ‘ No. 2, cutting up, et Som In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding ee rin siding, cutting up ticks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 rin dressing......... 19 00 21 0O zin No. x culls...... 13 00 14 00 rin No. 2 culls...... 11 00 12 00 IXI2 1NCH. 12 and 16 feet, mill run........-----esese+ 32 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards...... 12 and x6 feet, dressing and better... 12 and 16 feet, No. 2 culls........-- : 14x10 INCHES. Millrun, mill culls out.$24 oo@24 00 No. 1 Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00 No. 1X4 INCHE 21 oo | No. r ween Mill run, mill culls out 17 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill culls out......'... 18 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and better .....202065 23,00 BOSTON, EASTERN PINE—CARGO Ordinary planed boards 5 hacer ofc TI 50 Coarse No. 5..--.++ 15 00 Refuse... +. tena ape Ey Ointsan adenine piafeks 9g 00 Boxboards, 1 inch... 10 75 %inch...... a.) tgs : WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Uppers, 1 in....,..-$50 00@ 14%, 1% and 2 in.. 52 90 i 40 sehey SD IOS clear...... 37 90 60 per cent. clear... 32 00 Fine common, rin.... 40 00 1%, 1% and 2in... 40 00 SHINGLES. Spruce... 2.50---2+-s+ 1 30 1 50 Second Clear..... Cedar, extra.... M2"Gc 2 90 | Extra Noot.2.c.-seseeee Glear. ve Sides de (2925) 24a. al i HEMLOCK. Boards, rough........ 11 co@r1 =o Nosi2.\2s cameas ses «v9, Pladeduecwgcan 279,854 Railway ties and telegraph poles (estimated) 2,000,000 MURA e bis ce wa wwe eae eet 60,695,258 ANNUAL GROWTH ON CROWN LANDS. Estimated annual growth per acre of ordi- nary forest land adopted by the U. S. Forestry Bureau, 60 cubic feet ; total area of Ontario Crown Lands licensed and otherwise, pine-bearing and other forest land, say 80,000 square miles ; 80,000 square miles, or 51,200,000 acres, will produce per year according to this estimate, 3,011, 304,750 cubic feet in ex- cess of the annual cut of timber, or Cubic Feet. Annual growth.........----sseeeeereeeee 3,072,000,000 p\vreil 2) 8 eee kr 60,695,250 Annual growth in excess of annual cut 3,011,304,75° pi aoe Sete IOs This is assuming that the lumberman’s axe is the only cause of the removal of timber. Un- fortunately, however, this is not the case. The amount of timber destroyed by fire from one year to another is an unknown quantity. That the amount far exceeds what falls before the axe of the lumberman is probable, and in any scheme of forest perpetuation protection from fire must occupy the most prominent place. Notwithstand- ing the efforts of the Government fire rangers for the past few years the loss to the province through forest fires has been considerable, though vastly less than would have been the case had the pro- tective measures employed not been used. If fires could be prevented or even very much lessened the present rate of cutting on the Crown lands could be continued indefinitely, for the annual increment of growth far exceeds the annual cut. These figures are of course theoretical for the reason that in much of the primeval forest the decay of over-ripe trees may be said to equal the growth of the others. This is not the case gener- ally though, and more particularly where through lumbering operations the larger timber has been taken out, enabling the smaller trees to grow so much faster. Besides, the enormous difference of threz billions of cubic feet will allow for con- siderable latitude in this respect. FIRE PROTECTION. In 1886 Mr. Aubrey White, now Assistant Com- missioner of Crown lands, addressed a report to the Commissioner, strongly advocating the adop- tion of a system of fire-ranging. Acting upon this recommendation the present system, substan- tially embodying the plan submitted by Mr. White, was adopted with highly satisfactory results. The following are the leading provisions :—A number of men are placed upon the Crown Lands during the dangerous season, which lasts from May until about the close of September, in local- ities specially exposed to fire by reason of settle- ment, railway constructing, lumbering or any Where the land is under license, the co-operation of the limit-holders is requisite, it being optional with them to take advantage of The number of men necessary to other cause. the system. give adequate protection is decided by the owners of the limit, as being familiar with the country and the direction from which danger is likely to come. on the staff is also in their hands, the Depart- ment reserving the right to reject or remove any man whom they consider unfit for the position. The fire rangers are constituted officers for the enforcement of the Fire Act by section 14, and act under the instruction of the Department. They make the public acquainted with its pro- visions by putting up posters in conspicuous places and circulating copies of it among settlers and others. In case fires break out they are author- ized to engage assistance for suppressing them, and should they become extensive it is their duty to notify both the limit-holder and the Depart- Half of the expense incurred in maintain- The selection of the men to be employed ment. ing the staff and suppressing fires is borne by the Crown Lands Department and the remainder by The pay of the fire rangers is fixed at $2 per day without board or other extras. They report at the end of the season as to the duties performed and number and extent ot the fires which may have occurred. The good effects of the system were specially manifested last year. Though the summer of 1895 was the dryest for many years, the tempera- ture being unusually high in addition to the light rainfall, the destruction of timber by fire was In consequence of the danger the owners of the limits. remarkably small. the staff was strengthened in specially exposed ‘ places and closer vigilence maintained. Reports from forty-nine timber limits where the system was in operation in 1895 show that as closely as can be estimated the quantity of timber damaged by fire amounted to 57,550,000 feet, valued at $41,600. The number of fires specifically reported was ninety-three, in addition to which there were many others, principally small ones not enumerated. Any one at all familiar with backwoods life and conversant with the conditions which prevailed prior to the intro- duction of the system can easily realize the enormous saving which has been effected by pro- viding this safeguard against forest devastation. | When the dry character of the season and the number of fires actually started but suppressed before they had made headway is taken into account, it can readily be seen that but for the presence of the fire rangers at the most exposed points, areas amounting to hundreds of square miles would probably have been ravaged and the losses to timber licensees and the public would have been immense. This saving has been effect- ed by the employment of 114 men for a few months in the year, at a total cost of $26,253, shared between the public treasury and limit- owners. WHAT TREES SHALL WE PLANT? Recent observations lead to the conclusion that white pine will make merchantable timber much sooner than is generally believed, and instances are not wanting to show that under favorable circum- stances trees of this variety thirty years old have In fact the white pine is a rapid-growing tree and a valuable yielded good marketable timber. tree to plant, the principal drawback to its merits in this respect being the amount of care required in the earlier stages of its growth. The shellbark hickory is among the most desir- able trees to plant for profit for the reason that it can be harvested when comparatively young and its nuts are marketable. If planted close together the young trees taken out in thinning have a value for carriage work. One cut of a hickory tree six inches in diameter will make about twelve or four- teen spokes. In small trees of say four inches diameter, the first two cuts are used for spokes, the rest for head-blocks and other parts of carriages. Prof. Budd, of Iowa, advises planting the nuts of the hickory where the trees are intended to remain. If planted for forest trees and not for nut-bearing purposes alone, the same authority advises plant- ing the nuts eight feet apart each way with plenty of larch or tamrack seedlings between to act as nurse trees to the hickory. As they grow up the larch may be cut away and sold. The price paid by the makers of carriage wheels for hickory— which is now all imported from the United States is such as to afford a return equal to from twelve to fifteen dollars per cord. The hickory grows best on a rich deep fertile soil, and while it will succeed on ordinary land should not be planted upon sandy or sterile soil. Among other valuable trees to plant in view of the increasing demand tor their timber for manu- facturing purposes are the black ash, rock elm and black cherry. Black walnut is also extremely valuable, but it takes a long time to mature. Prof. Sargent estimates that a hundred years of growth would be necessary to make it merchantable timber, as the young wood has not that rich, dark color that gives it its great value, although it seems to us this is an outside estimate. The hard maple, although principally appre- ciated for its sugar product and as fuel, is also a valuable timber tree. It is used almost exclu- sively in the manufacture of shoe lasts, and is exported largely to Britain, where it is manufac- tured into mangle rollers and other articles. One firm in Ontario exported 100,000 maple blocks for mangle rollers in a year. It is also a tree of fairly rapid growth, and if planted close will make good timber that will not be materially injured by several seasons of tapping for sugar, 10 | THE CANADA LUMB2aMaAty while for fuel it is among the very best.of our native woods. The soft maple, while favored by bee-keepers on account of its flowers, is not so valuable as a timber tree, and is shorter lived. Of the evergreens, next to the white pine in value for planting is the Norway spruce. The basswood or linden is another of our most suitable trees for planting. It is a rapid grower, its wood is much prized by carriage, cabinet, piano and organ makers, while its flowers furnish our bees with the choicest honey. Principally because of this latter feature one of our most prominent apiarists, Mr. Allan Pringle, of Selby, has planted this tree quite extensively, as has also Mr. Thos. Conant, of, Oshawa, who, however, regards the black walnut as the more valuable tree to plant. The white elm, or rock elm, one of our most graceful and best shade trees for streets, is becoming yearly more valuable. The demand for the best quality of timber for the rims of bicycle wheels has assumed large proportions and makes ita valuable tree to plant. It is also used largely for wagon hubs. USES FOR FOREST PRODUCTS. The substitution of steel and iron to a large extent in the construction of ships and buildings has lessened the demand for oak for these pur- poses, but the scarcity of black walnut and rose- wood helped to cause a change in the fashion in furniture. Oak became the popular material and in consequence this wood is in greater demand than ever. Hickory is also another wood that is also becoming more valuable. Where it was formerly used only for handles for axes and other tools, its present consumption in the manufacture of carriages has reached enormous dimensions. A new use for this timber is in the handle-bars for bicycles, which are likely to be made in future from hickory instead of steeltubing. The bicycle, which seems to be effecting a revolution in busi- ness in many ways, has furthermore created a heavy demand for rock elm,which is required for the manufacture of rims. As only a small per- centage of the timber is good enough for the purpose, the increase in the total cut caused by this new demand is very large. By far the most significant and far-reaching change, however, arises from the rapid and ex- tensive growth of the wood pulp and paper mak- ing industry. The great expansion of daily jour- nalism in Canada and the United States has created an enormous demand for white paper, various kinds of wood being brought into requisi- tion as the invention of new processes rendered them available for the purpose. While poplar, baswood and jack pine are used in the manufacture of paper pulp by the chemical process, for the cheaper mechanical process by which most of the pulp used in newspaper making is produced, spruce is almost exclusively employ- ed. The spruce forests of Ontario are of vast extent and stretch to the far north surrounding Hudson’s Bay. Many of these northern forests are composed exclusively of spruce trees, growing so densely that, although very old, they do not in some sections attain a diameter that would make them available for lumber. Until the rapid strides of the pulp industry drew attention to this raw material awaiting the future demand these forests were not largely taken into account in the stock-taking of the province. This is now changed, however, and spruce rivals the great white pine in its value to the state. It is now pretty generally conceded that Canada has the largest supply of spruce, the great paper-making material, in the world. As the supply in the United States becomes exhausted there can be no doubt that the spruce forests of Ontario will prove a source of wealth to the province, the extent of which it is difficult to estimate. ANNUAL GROWTH OF ‘TIMBER. Orrawa, 24th August, 1896. To the Editor of the CanaDA LUMBERMAN: In sending me a copy of the annual report of Mr. Southworth, the Clerk of Forestry for the Province of Ontario, you ask my views as to the correctness of his remarks relating to the annual growth of timber, as found on pages 33 to 36 of his report. I must frankly confess that at first sight I was staggered by Mr. Southworth’s statement that on the Crown lands of Ontario the annual growth of the forest is fifty times greater than the annual cut; for this is the unexpected conclusion to which we are unavoidably led by Mr. South- worth’s figures (see page 35 of his roport), which give the annual cut at 60,695,250 cubic feet, and the annual growth at 3,072,000,o0o—that is to say fifty times more. But after testing, by such means as I will explain in a moment, the correct- ness of Mr. Southworth’s statement, I must admit that he is theoretically right, on the assumption that each of the 51,200,000 acres of Crown lands, on which he founds his calculations, is capable of yielding an average growth of sixty cubic feet, and in justice to Mr. Southworth, I must here remark that he makes a liberal allowance for regions poorly timbered, for in giving the area of the Crown lands on which he founds his calcu- lations he leaves out a good deal more than one- third of the total area of 134,000 square miles, as he deducts out of that 54,410 square miles, and founds his calculations on only 80,000 square miles, equivalent to his 51,200,000 square acres. Now, this is the test by which I come to the conclusion that Mr. Southworth is theoretically correct. For many years past I have studied the rate of annual growth of some of our forest trees by measuring their annual rings. I am aware that it has been stated, on the strength of Charnay’s observations in tropical regions, that . these rings cannot be taken as indications of yearly growth everywhere, but I think that can apply only to tropical regions where the vegeta- tion continues all the year round. With us, where the vegetation is abruptly interrupted in the autumn, to start again the next spring, I consider that each ring indicates the growth of one year, and I have found it so by experiments continued during the last eighteen years, cutting down trees sown by myself, so that I knew their exact age on counting the rings at the stump, which agreed with the number of years elapsed since the seed out of which the tree grew had been planted by me in the ground. Over and over again, by measuring these yearly rings, I have tested, on the butt end of saw-logs, the rate of growth of the white spruce tree in our part of the country, Quebec, and found that it takes about ten years to add two SEPTEMBER, 1896 — inches to the diameter of the tree. At this rate of growth I find that a white spruce twelve inches in diameter will gain, in ten years, eight cubic feet, which would give four-fifths of a cubic foot every year, and if you allow 75 spruce trees to the acre, it will give you 60 cubic feet for the yearly growth. Perhaps there are not many _ acres on which will be found 75 good-sized spruce, but, on moderately well timbered land, the equivalent in bulk of the timber represented by 75 spruce trees, of say 14 inches at the stump, will be found in other trees, and it can be easily ascertained by comparing the yearly rings ofthe white spruce with those of the black walnut, but- ternut, pine, oak, ash, poplar, elm, and some others, that the growth of the white spruce is slower than that of the above mentioned trees, so that I feel justified, like Mr. Southworth, in adopting the United States figures of 59% cubic feet (which he assumes at 60 feet for facility of computation), the more so that we have the state- ment of eminent authorities in England, who es- timate the annual growth of one acre of Scotch pines at 100 to 120 cubic feet—nearly double the rate allowed by Mr. Southworth. “ So that, in answer to your inquiry, I consider that he is right in his conclusions, provided al- ways that his 51,200,000 acres be sufficiently well timbered to yield the yearly increase of 60 cubic feet per acre. But because there are sufficiently good grounds for Mr. Southworth’s conclusion that the rate of growth of our forest trees is so much greater than the rate at which they are cut down, we must not abandon ourselves to a feeling of false security and run away with the idea that our supply of valuable timber is inexhaustible, nor must we relax our efforts towards such a ra- tional working of the Crown forests as will insure their preservation and improvement. } However, Mr. Southworth’s statement (that the yearly growth of trees is so much in excess of the yearly cut) may apply to the general yearly increase in the growth of trees of all kinds, but it must be admitted that in all the forests com- paratively easy of access, where pine and spruce used to be abundant, the cut of these two species of trees has been far in excess of their yearly growth, so that the lumbermen are compelled to go farther and farther every year for their supply of timber, and that the quality of what reaches the market is not such as it used to be. The question of interfering with the lumbermen, by limiting the proportion of trees to be felled yearly on each square mile of their limits, presents what appears insurmountable difficulties, for the present at least, in the absence of a regular system of management of our Crown lands, such as pre- vails in some of the countries of Europe, placed in such different circumstances from ours. How- ever, sooner or later we shall have to open our eyes to the necessity of protecting our forests more effectively than we do now, if we wish to hand to those who will come after us the valuable inheritance which without any exertion on our part we now so fully enjoy, and we ought to be grateful to those who, like Mr. Southworth, give us food for serious thought, and make us feel it our solemn duty to watch over the life of our forests with more care than we have ever done. Yours truly, H. G. JoLty DE LoTBINIERE. ¥ pees a THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE P NADA WEEKLY EDITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages } $1.00 PER YEAR {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, everd Wednesday BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. Ge teers RINCIPALZLUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE iar l ls TORONTO, ONT., AUGUST 26, 1896 No. 34. CANADA |,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY Cc. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New York Lire InsurRANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber produccs at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. 4£& Subscription price for the two editions for one ° year, $1.00. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to call at the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. We shall have pleasure in giving them any information desired. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week’s issue. FOR SALE. fa CARS OF x IN. BASSWOOD AND Black Ash. A. McDona tp, Peterboro,. FOR SALE. i ALLIGATOR STEAM WARPING TUGS, in good working order. For prices and particulars apply to Gi-mour & Co., Trenton, Ont. WANTED.: Cre OR MORE CARS OF 1(” COMMON AND No. 1 and 2 Red Oak, in fair shipping condition. Quote price on cars, with rate of freight or delivered price at Buffalo. BuFFALO Harpwoop LuMBER Co., 940 Elk St., Buffalo, N. Y. LUMBER LIMITS FOR SALE The following timber berths are offered for sale :— License 95 and 6, No. 528, River Ottawa, PATI erty sd t-bvia acini ale wny scene, neces License 95 and 6, No. 529, River Ottawa, 33% miles. POMEL Oonec nsec sere ees peat adee sys) 37% miles. License gs and 6, No. 489, River Gatineau, Lake Penichango......---++-+++: Ree cam emailes: License ¢5 and 6, No. 349, River Ottawa, Wiattawa foc .e cece cece ent ee tence 25 ~+miles. License 95 and 6, No. 347, River Ottawa, Mattawa.......- - eae AACE ACE 40 miles, License 95 and 6, No. 348, River Ottawa, ,_ Mattawa....... TE. 2 ROR ee ere 26% miles. License 95 and 6, No. 470, River Ottawa, WEAtEAWa oes see ecw scream rspecnes 20 ~miles. License 95 and 6, No. 471, River Ottawa, ; Mattawa.....ccccceccecececnteerere 16 miles. Information in regard to them may be procured from - F. W. Powell, 17 Elgin street, Ottawa, or the Rathbun Company, Deseronto, Ont., also J. Y. Rochester, Mat- tawa, Ont., for the Mattawa Limits. SS Should say 45 million feet on Grand Lake Limits, also 100,000 cubic feet board and square pine timber. Should say 50 million feet B. M. on Mattawa Limits. FOR SALE. aps BEST SHINGLE MILL IN NEW Brunswick, situated at Campbellton, on the Resti- gouch River, containing thirteen Dunbar shingle ma- chines—the mill is new—together with two hundred square miles of licensed timber limits, twenty-two years torun. For particulars apply to A. E. ALexaNnpDER, Campbellton, N. B. FOR SALE. STOCK OF LUMBER AT THE NEW MILL, Dyer's Bay, composed of basswood, 20,o00ft 2-in.; 50,coo ft. inch; 20,000 ft. 114-in., all winter cut; 75,000 ft. inch summer cut ; 40,020 ft. elm, 1, 1% and 3-inch 5 40,000 ft. maple, x and 14-inch; 30,000 ft. birch, ash and oak; 40,000 ft. pine; 50,000 ft. cedar, cut all di- mensions ; 150,000 ft. hemlock, not cut. The above all in good shipping order. For particulars apply to Witson Bros., Dyer’s Bay, Ont. i 8 QUANTITY OF PINE TIMBER, ESTI- mated at about four million feet, B. M., situated on lot 4 in 2nd concession and lots 3 and 4 in the 3rd concession of the Township of Rathbun, north-east of Wahnapitae Lake, in the District of Nipissing; anda quantity estimated at four and one-half million feet, B. M., situated on the shore of Lake Biscotasing, in the District of Algoma, on the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, having been damaged by fire, the un- dersigned hereby calls for tenders for the right to cut the same. Tenders will be received up to and including the SEVENTH DAY OF SEPTEMBER NEXT, and must state the rate per thousand feet board measure, if made into saw logs, or per thousand feet cubic if made into square timber, which the tenderer is willing to pay as bonus or in addition to the ordinary Crown dues of one dollar per thousand feet board measure, on saw logs, and twenty dollars per thousand feet cubic on square timber. Separate tenders should be made for each quantity, and must be accompanied by a marked cheque for $200. The party awarded the right to cut will have to give a bond, with satisfactory sureties, for the performance of all the terms and conditions which may be required by the Department. Mr. F. Sinclair, Forest Ranger at Sudbury, will give information respecting the timber, etc., and further particulars as to conditions may be obtained from this Department. The figures as to quantity represent the Department's estimate only, and intending purchasers must satisfy themselves as to quantities and purchase upon their own estimates. The Department does not bind itself to accept the highest or any tender. Tenders should be marked ‘‘ Tenders for Burnt Timber,” and addressed to the Hon. the Commissioner of Crown Lands, Toronto. J. M. GIBSON, Commissioner of Crown Lands. Department of Crown Lands, Woods and Forests Branch, Torento, rst August, 1896. FIRES. Murphy’s saw mills at Murphy’s Siding, about five miles from Owen Sound, were burned on Sunday last, together with a million and a half feet of sawn lumber, numerous logs, ties, andslabs. Loss, $25,000; insurance, $7,000. In our issue of August 12th it was erroneously stated that Rolston’s saw mill at Osgoode, Ont., was destroyed by fire. The loss was a saw, shingle and grist mill owned by J. Krupp, but which was formerly operated by Mr. Rol- ston. Over one million feet of lumber at. Joggins’ Mines, N. S., was destroyed by fire last week. The lumber was owned by J. W. Hunter, of Leamington, and was being shipped to South America. It was cut last fall off the Cumber- land Railway and Coal Company’s property. The loss is estimated at $10,000, CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. Conditions in the lumber trade have shown no improvement during the past week ; in tact, the whole month of August has been one of extreme quietness. Of course, there is some movement, but it is confined to filling such orders as are placed as a result of immediate require- ments. Manufacturers are making strong efforts to effect sales in the hope of reduc- ing stocks before the winter season is en- countered, but in the absence ofa stronger market wholesale dealers are averse to making contracts until the United States market shows signs of brightening. In the words of a wholesale dealer of Toron- to, to secure any trade it is necessary to get out and drive for all you are worth. The middlemen are pursuing a policy of curtailment, and until such times as more confidence is established in the future, the purchase of large stocks is not likely to take place. These statements refer par- ticularly to white pine, but are applicable in a less degree to the lumber trade in general. In the case of hardwoods there is some call for elm and basswood, while light sales of oak are reported for the American market. Hardwood prices are said to show signs of weakening, and manufacturers are willing to accept prices which were refused earlier in the season. On country account hemlock and cedar are being sold quite freely. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. Lumber manufacturers in New Bruns- wick are devoting nearly all their energies to supplying stock for the English market. There is little demand from the United States, although shipments last week show an increase over those of the previous week. Nearly all the mills are cutting for the British trade. Such is the demand for spruce that some dealers are predicting an advance in price of 50 cents a thousand, and in fact this has already been paid to St. John mills in order to ensure quick loading of vessels in port. This is only in exceptional cases, however, and cannot be taken as indicative of a general rise in values. Many of the smaller mills have used up their supply of logs, and should the strength of the British market be maintained until the close of the season, which it is thought it will, higher quota- tions will no doubt rule. Manufacturers who have heretofore catered to the United States market have transferred their business to the more profitable fields in Great Britain, while the South American market is also receiving some. attention. Two cargoes were shipped to the latter country last week from St. John and two from Nova Scotia ports. The local trade is picking up a little, retail dealers being obliged to purchase for sorting up. Birch planks have declined, and are almost un- saleable at any price. The Quebec trade presents no new features. Apart from the foreign demand the call 1s mainly for hem- lock and cheap building material. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. Late reports from British Columbia are not of as encouraging a nature as earlier in the season. Interest is centred in the mining beom, and for the present much of the available money is being invested in that quarter. It is hoped, however, that when actual development becomes more marked, an increased demand for lumber will result therefrom. The foreign demand keeps steady, although not active. Bush fires have again broken out, and considerable timber is in danger of de- struction. Of the Manitoba trade little can be said; there is some inquiry for consumption, and crop prospects are favorable. At various points grain eleva- tors are being erected, for which some lumber is required. UNITED STATES. The uncertainty regarding the result of the Presidential election and the conse- quent depression in general commerce accounts largely for the present stagnation in the lumber business of the United States. The approach of the fall season should witness an increased demand, even though of small proportion, but the month of August is drawing to a close without any perceptible improvement. It is said to be one of the quietest months for many years, the purchases being of small lots for actual requirements. The opinion is becoming general that no positive revival of the lumber trade will take place until financial questions have been settled. There are, nevertheless, to be found some dealers who anticipate that the closing days of navigation will bring increased ac- tivity, their conviction being based upon the facts that retail stocks are very light, and that dealers have considerable funds in command with which to make pur- chases as soon as a feeling of confidence is established. It is not expected that values will advance this year, unless, per- haps, for special classes of lumber which are in short supply. A feature of the limited trade of the present is the uneven distribution—at some points a fair trade is doing, while at others the market is practically dead. For the first time this season dealers are finding the demand for oak falling off, in common with other ee See [UMBERMAN a si ae ee, ee oe MA es See LI. hardwoods. While there is a general de- pression, first-class stocks meet with ready sale at current quotations. From Michi- gan the report comes to hand that, owing to the paralysis in trade, a large quantity of logs will be carried over untii next sea- son, while it is also stated that there will be very little done in the woods next winter. The Boston market shows signs of brightening as a result of a foreign de- mand for spruce from England and pine from South America. There is a better tone pervading, and prospects for better prices are said tobe encouraging. Buffalo reports tell of some movement, though at unprofitable prices. Complaint is heard of a scarcity of the better grades of pine. The New York market presents little ac- tivity, and buyers are given concessions in the shape of a reduction in prices. The early shutting down of many of the mills is now an assured fact. This is chiefly in white pine centres. Probably the first of September will witness the cessation of operations of a large number, the logs being carried over for next season. FOREIGN. The effects of the holiday season -in Great Britain have nct yet passed over, a condition which is shown in the extent of purchases by consumers. The position of lumber as a whole, however, is con- sidered strong, and arrivals of Canadian goods are eagerly sought for. At many points building operations have not been as brisk for years. Some speculation is indulged in as to the quantity of Canadian goods which will yet go forward - before the close of the season; as on this will largely depend the strength of the fall market. It is believed that the greater bulk has already been received, in which case the danger of an overstock would be removed. Spruce deals continue to hold their strong position. At Liverpool car- goes landing are being removed direct in- to consumers’ hands, and prices remain firm. Quebec oak has been sold to railway companies and other large con- sumers, asis also the case with waney and square pine and elm. Floorings are selling well, agents reporting no difficulty in disposing of the lots they have to sell: Prepared boards in all sizes have met with a good demand. At West Hartleport the pitch pine business is improving, while oak and other hardwoods are quiet. A correspondent of Timber, of London, writing from Cork, Ireland, says: “Messrs. Deaves Bros. are discharging a cargo of spruce deals from Quebec, and Mr. J. W. Richey has 374 stds. of Mira- michi deals. Deals from the latter port seem to be growing in favor at the Irish ports, but there isa notable decrease in importations from St. John, but this is ow- ing to tonnage being at other ports.” The outlook for next season is quite en- couraging, and if shippers are not too un- reasonable in their prices, a healthy trade will probably be secured. We Want to Buy — CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. Nearly 10,000,000 feet of deals cleared from St. John, N. B., for British ports last week. McLachlin Bros., Arnprior, have sent sixty men to the Petewawa limits. The Hawkesbury Lumber Co. have dispatched twenty-six men to their limits. The Chilean barque India has sailed from the Hastings mill, Vancouver, B. C., for Valparaiso. Her cargo consists of 797,311 ft. of dressed lumber valued at $6,734.09. Cross & Ewing, lumber dealers, Duds- well, Que., are having a large quantity of hemlock bark prepared, and propose to cut about two millions of spruce and hem- lock the coming winter. J. O. Gilbert & Son, Bishop’s Crossing, Que., will cut two millions of lumber the coming winter for Cross & Ewing. They also have a considerable quantity of logs and shingle stock in pond at present, which they intend to cut at once. Of the lumber cut on the head-waters of the St. John river, N. B., last winter, some 17,500,000 ft. is hung up. The esti- mate is as follows: Mr. Dickey, 5,000,000 ft.; Kilburn & McIntosh, 4,000,000 ft. ; Stetson, 4,000,000; Nobles, 3,000,000 ; Cunliffe, 1,500,000. This makes 132,500,- ooo ft. cut on the head-waters last year. Nothing can be done with the stranded logs until next spring. On the Tobique waters are 6,000,000 ft. of stranded logs, which will have to remain until next year. Of this amount, R. A. Estey has 2,000,000, Upham 2,000,000, A. J. Beveridge, 1,000,- ooo, and D. Fraser & Sons 1,000,000, The water in the river has fallen so much of late that 4,000,000 ft. of the corporation drive have been hung up near Grand Falls. FOREIGN. The lumber mills, lumber, etc., of H. McC. Hart, at Sheet Harbor, N. S., have been sold to Hon. A. R. Dickey, for $60,- 000. Over 15,000,000 feet of logs have ar- rived-at Cheboygan, Mich., from Canada so far this season, and 30,000,000 feet is yet to go forward. It is estimated that 70,000,000 feet of Canadian logs now in the river at Saginaw and Au Sable, Mich., will be carried over until next season. The Bell Lumber Company, of Everett, Wash., has secured an order from W. A. Mears, of Portland, aggregating 1,000,000 feet, to be shipped to Japan. Spruce frames continue to bring about $13.50 at Boston. Short lumber is moy- ing moderately. Shingles and lath are quieter and clapboards are in only fair re- quest. Bliss & VanAuken, Saginaw, Mich., re- ceived a large lake raft from Georgian Bay last week. The raft experienced some hard weather, but reached its desti- nation in safety. Albert Peck, of Bay City, Mich., re- ceived a raft of 4,500,000 it. from the Georgian Bay last week. This is the ninth raft taken from Canada this season, aggregating 40,000,000 ft. At Churchill & Sim’s last auction sale at London, Eng., Canadian goods sold as follows: 14 pcs. 18 to 20in., 679 ft., £2 16s.;. 15 pcs. 18 to 20 in., 624 ft., £2 17s.; Ist pine, 12x3xII, £22 15s.; 13x3xI1, £23; IOx3x1I, £19; 12x3x%, £15 5s.; 5th spruce, 12x3x9, £6 I5s. and £6 Ios. 1 to 2in. 1 and 2 Red Birch Gin. and up. 1 to 4%in. as Brown Ash Ly 1 to 2in. . Plain Oak + 1to din. aa Soft Elm ea “1 to Zin. oe Hard Maple we Send lowest casa prices and full description of stock as to width, length and dryness. LAWRENCE Hardwoods and Mahogany & WIGGIN BOSTON, MASS. THE SITUATION. REFLECTED THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE OF THE ‘WEEKLY LUMBERMAN.” Joliette Lumber Co., Joliette, Que. : There is little demand, the principal call being for 3x9 spruce, 13 ft. long. Stocks are generally large, and prices declining. Seaman & Newman, Wiarton, Ont.: Hemlock and cedar are in most demand, other stocks slow. Have sold 200,000 feet of hemlock to J. & R. Miller, of Inger- soll, at a fair price. Stocks at most mills are large. We think prices in hardwoods are advancing a little; we have sold all our stock and expect to ship by vessel be- fore the season closes. Isaac Rutherford, Dobbington, Ont.: Only solicited orders are secured. The most demand is for 2” rock elm, 14 and 16 ft. long, 2” soft elm and winter cut bass- wood. Stocks are large at the mills, and nothing is wanted but No. 1 and 2 and clear, at a lower figure than usual. The prices are from $1 to $2 less than two years ago. I think the millmen should sell out for one year at least, and not stock up. BUSINESS NOTES. A. F. Lockhart, saw mill, Hartland, N. B., has assigned. The liabilities of W. H. Treworgy, lumber merchant, of Boston, are $365,000. A settle- ment has not yet been effected. The Port Arthur Pulp-Timber Company, Port Arthur, Ont., is being incorporated, with a capital stock of $200,000, to manufacture and deal in timber. A dispatch from Saginaw, Mich., states that Merrill & Ring, one of the largest lumber firms in the Valley, have asked for an extension of time from their creditors. The assets of the firm are more than halfa million dollars, but owing to the recent failures of other large lum- bering firms, they are unable to meet obliga- tions. The Delta Lumber Co., of Detroit, Mich., are said to have filed a mortgage on all their property in Wayne and Schoolcraft counties for the sum of $669,426.91. The assets. of the company largely exceed the liabilities, although it is impossible to realize on the assets at the present time. The creditors are said to enter- tain friendly feelings towards the company. SHIPPING MATTERS. The steamers Cundall and Taff take in deals at Bangor, Me., for w. c. England, at 42s. 6d. The steamship Brookside is on the way to the United Kingdom with a cargo of deals from Quebec. The steamer Moldavia has been chartered by W. M. Mackay, of St. John, to load lumber at Halifax and Sheet Harbor. The steamer Rawtor has sailed from Mon- treal for West Hartlepool, with a cargo of deals, consigned by McLean, Kennedy & Co. The steamship companies at Montreal are taxed to provide space for goods. The rate on deals from that port to the United Kingdom 1s 42s. 6d., while last summer they were carried for 32s. 6d. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way are as follows: Ottawa to Toronto, ro cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 lbs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs, and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Buffalo, 12 cents per 100 lbs.: Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per 100 lbs. Ottawa to New York, water delivery, lots of 50 M feet and over, $2.50 per M ft ; under 50 M feet, $3.25 per M ft. (subject to extra towage) 3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft. Arn- prior to New York, lots of 50 M feet and over, $3.00 per M ft.; under 50 M feet, $3.75 per M ft. (subject to extra towage) 3,000 Ibs and under per M ft. Ottawa to WANTE Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports 13c. per roo lbs.; Arnprior to Boston; Portland and common points, local 17 cents ; export 15 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents pei 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Albany, ro cents per 100 Ibs. Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per x00 lbs) Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 lbs., and rates quoted above are in cents per.100 ink, except when quoted per M ft. the mi-\imum carload charged is 10 M ft., lumber not exceeding 3,000 Ibs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. Lumber freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk, Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Of any intended change due notice will be given lumbermen. General instructions in shipping by Grand ‘Trunk are embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On lum- ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. per car, unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 Ibs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light lumber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, then the actual weight only will be charged for, but not less than 24,- ooo lbs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not higher from an intermediate point on the straight run than from the first named point beyond, to the same des- ination. For instance, the rates from Tara or Hi worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, would not be higher than the specific rates named from Wiar- ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill and Southampton to points east of Listowel and south and west of Stratford will be the same as from Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to be charged than as per mileage table published on page 9 of tariff. Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Penetang, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst and other points in group C, to Toronto, 64c.; Brace, bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Nayor- Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, gc.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, roc. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c, Theserates are per 100 lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 714c. per 100 lbs.;_ to Deseronto, 9c.; to Brockville and Prescott, roc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, irc. The rates on hardwoods average about from re. to 20. per 100 lbs. higher than on softwoods. For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, oc.; Al- goma, Cook's Mills, Massey, Spanish River and White- fish to Toronto, rzc.; Ottawa to Toronto, roc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, ' Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and Michigan Central Railways, the rate is 14%c. per 100 lbs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 Ibs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : “ After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. 1st, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7c. per roc lbs from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7c from same points. Telephone 5332 Established 1851 JOHN B. SMITH & SONS, MANUFACTURERS OF LUMBER Lath, Shingles, Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, Boxes, &c. BILL LUMBER a Specialty Cor. Strachan and Wellington Avenues, TORONTO. MILs Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts eee inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN No 89 State St., Boston, Mass. Inspection at mill. {in. No. 1 and No. 2 Red Oak BOSTON LUMBER CO. , A N00. 27 Kilby St. - BOSTON, MASS. RONAN LINE g Orrices—Lumber District, Albany, N. Y.; 20 ~ CONNECTION—Canadian Pacific Railway ; Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh; New York Central & H. R. Rd. Ronan Line. HUDSON RIVER LUMBER TRANSPORTATION, ~ Water Connection from Albany with lumber oints in Canada via Canadian Pacific Railway 0 New York Harbor, Long Island Sound and inland waters of New Jersey... - _ South St., New York. Telephone 711 Broad. PARKER C. RONAN, Manager. i 7 | ‘ s ny A ae 4 a % —_" | ADA LUMBE ; CANADIAN EXPORTERS «*” WHOLESALERS Thos. Meaney & Co. . TAS. G CANE & CO. {3 eee Al MBER wrotesaLee HARDWOOD -wmpeRs 103 Bay St. - Toronto, Ont. 325 Adelaide East, Toronto, Ont. MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. Send us full description and lowest price for any lumber you have for sale. a eee Se ee Huntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. TAS. PLAY PAIR & CO- DM vwerscr oe seis Pn and eng BANgUu, Hae LUMBER * LATH * SHINGLES , RMAN WEEKLY EDITION LUMBBR W ie Vowneine of agen Bere ih an Sidings, also : 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 1/2 mm. wide. Contractors for Railway Supplies LATH ax» SHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED | Bite TIMEER a Specidity ... “~~ MIDLAND, ONT. —— é Shooks, delivered at all write for Stock List RVPWVVVUVSTVVBVVTGE points in Canada. ONE DOLLAR Lumberman’s Inspection Book will pay your subscription to the weekly and Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps for a copy of the LumpBerman’s VEST-POCKET j mionthiy CANADA LuMBERMAN for InspECTION Book, containing rules for the Inspection of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the Leading Markets of the United States and Canada. ONE YEAR | Mears ne CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. =, KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING S*EETNS. ceninc $20.00 ~OO~ SAMPLES BY MAIL NIG Tne FOREIGN EXPORTERS 1” IMPORTERS LONOGH & OLIVER 0000 Write us if you have any.... wromanoesenie | UMDEP, Lath ana SHinglés DRY SOFT ELM stismene: ea) modem TOnAUBNDA, NOY. SCATCHERD & SON - = ‘1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N. Y. TORONTO : Northern Docks. = goer e Soe a : James Smith «& Bro. WANTED 4", 134", 134", 0", 3" and 4 {sts and 2nds 3 ; AGENTS FOR W OOD GOO D S Grey Elm. Also 124” Rock Elm, Log Run. 4 Please quote prices delivered Black Rock, Buffalo, N. Y Market Reports 14 Canada Dock, LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND Ee Minds Against Stipn eae cable Address -WALMER, LIVERPOOL T. SULLIVAN & CO. © Buffalo, N. ¥. 3 Made Against Shipments. De Ee eeeSeSFSFSENCARNT DOA NTO BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER COMPANY — 940 Elk St., BUFFALO, N- 50,000 ft. 2in. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Soft Elm. \ WANTED { 30,000 ft. 2% in. Nos, 1 and 2 and Common Soft Elm. 100,000 ft. 1% im. Nos. Land 2 and Common Soft Elm. ~ 100,000 ft. Lin. Nos. 1 and 2 and Common Rock Elm. ~ Are also in the market as CASH BUYERS for other kinds of Hardwoods. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. pian 4 = 4 ee CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY —— q : Shortest and Quickest Route from . — is Ovava, AronorgParruSomiRI- gruetsocecraante om | © Oftavd & New_York Lumber Ling © OTTAWA g NEW YORK LUMBER LINE Eocnon’ roRTLAND, aw YORK, DETROIT, SPUN ONDED LINE BETWEEN ~ _-—s GANADA ATLANTIC FAST FREIGHT LINE — TONAWANDA, ALBANY) &¢., MONTREAL, * CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK GITY AND ALL POINTS REAGHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY «RA. Carrer, Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade, TORONTO, QUEBEC, HALIFAX, ST. JOHN, &. | CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. J.H.Willi 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y. ie Montreal. Carr. J. H. Wiiirams, 16 Lumber Dist., Albany, N.Y. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO, ;U: Its illiamsJ new YORK/OFFICE, 93 Wall Street = _ Joun Smitu Ontario Agent Union Station, Toronto. C, J. SmitH General Freight Agent Ottawa, Ont. WILLIAMS’ LINE. Agent Telephone 531 Broad. = _ /*% + - : i ee - . 7 (ea =p PY, a s oe 4 Jey aati a , —= UT? ~~ eh arias ee . 77 # on lV. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION ~ Avcusr 26, 1896 DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman ”' BELTING McLaren, J. Me , Belting Co., Bonet and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L & Co., Danville Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. The Waterous Co., Brantford. DRY KILNS McEachren Heating & Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Flushing, N.Y. The Emerson Co., Baltimore, Md. INJECTORS Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Williams Machinery Co., A, iia Toronto. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. MACHINERY Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., Kingston, Ont. Darling Bros., Montreal. Mowry & Son, B. R., Gravenhurst, Ont. Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que., Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., Small & Fisher Co., Woodstock, Ont. The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. The Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que. The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. RAILWAYS Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad. Illinois Central R.R. SAW MANUFASTURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. Robertson & Co., James, Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N.B. SPLIT PULLEYS Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Donogh & Oliver, North Tonawanda, N.Y., and Toronto, Ont. Shier, J. D. Bracebridge, Ont. Wiggin, H.D. » Boston, Mass. MISCELLANEOUS Axes, Campbell Bros., St. John, N. B. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Ont. Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Lumbermen’s Clothing, W. Carss & Co., Orillia, Ont. Lumbenng Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Metal Roofing, Pedlar Metal Roofing Co., Oshawa, Ont. Patent Medicines, Ripan’s Chemical Co., New York, N.Y. Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. Turbines, J. C. Wilson & Co., Glenora, Ont. WHOLESALE PRICES GURRBNT. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, August 26, 1896. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. mae iss aud 2 inch cut upand' better. ..:...csec:eencdsseses 36 00 EACHED IER S ATIC ANIDELS ota, -1 atsccle siesta ania s ap Wloseteremeciarss wherein wales fey etal 16 18 TXB CUNO RUS” Heleislelainiare e(svevia'el vivicin (ol S alatamnioir aa os sauetpee alates 15 17 QUEBEC, QUE. QuesEc, August 26, 1896. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. cts. Fox interior and ordinary according to average, quality etc., meastred "OMe s pig mesa misrayaiy ate ce ateiate ee reaee ie a reenter 16 @ 22 For fair average quality, according to average, etc., measured off. zo 26 For good and good fairaverage “‘ 25 30 For superior ns fs ‘48 a Egat) dO In shipping order ee hi of H, MeO Aa Waney board, 18 to 19 inch be cs oe OY 836) Wag Waney board, 19 to 21 inch x Hd ee s BSS 360 tas RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality. Wataamaraymce ers aio gt ats Iq 22 In shipping order, Ag toggifeer (5) / SCs i Enaate sotertemrtel ates 22 30 OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . ... . .40 49 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45tos5ofeet. .30 32 30 to 35 feet. . 25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according toaverage an quality. . .. .22 30 BIRCH. 16 inch average, according to average and quality. . . . . 21 23 TAMARAC. Square, according to size and quality . PRs wk thers Deine ot 9) 19 Flatted, bn (cl Riv alts eee ad ees enna 18 DEALS. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $42 to $44 for rst, $28 to $30 for 2nd, $25 to $27 for 3rd, and $21 to $23 for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., August 26, 1896. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, 1 in., 10 in. and up Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $40 00 WAGE ceo eedoremeetee eto $45 oc 1%, 1% and2in........... 4I 00 TA. aan 2 iMses/cicisiaaielele 45 00 2 vAtG 5 Ale oisterineieialapeteierets 47 00 BUG ANG 3 Misc jetesetacuiin cits 53 00 ANAD sires vivleasin xo, ee slater 50 00 Pi Ond er ouiecie mm oteIOS 56 90 FINE COMMON, 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 2% and gin., 8in. and up wide 42 00 If, Tig and 2M. ccnes ces PEee oui ener era aasions, 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO. I CUTTING. zin., 7in. and up wide...... 23 50| 2 and 3in., 7in. and up wide 37 oo LOS G ANG OM eae sieeineiese BLAO'| AMINE sais ctaleipare net siarsiaraeer ete 40 00 STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 1 in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 oo| 1in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 (Seay aamnorcdeantenoans 36, 00))||O Ite WAGE, s:e'aleis oom plate rete 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. 1 in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide...... 3000) | a) in., Gin. WIdes «/canlesineasiae 30 00 rin., 4, 5 in, wide. ......... 25 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 1XYin., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 00| 1 in., 4,5, 6in. wide........ 22 00 NO. I FENCING OR NO, 3 FLOORING. rin., 4,5 and 7in.......... TONoo!||nin.5 45 5 ater Ieee ate steele I5 00 TUR OulIna, a1 faerie ineraistele £7 (OO'\|| NUN. GAN. os a wieieleiseiemraiye sete 17 00 SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in., ro in. stocks.... 25 00 | No. 2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 rin., ro in. and up wide... 26 00 tin., toin. stocks......... 2I 00 tin., 12 in. stocks......... 29 00 i in., 12 in. stocks......... 24 00 zr in., 12 in, and up wide... 30 00 1 in., 10 in. and up wide.-. 22 00 rin, 1% and 2in., 8in. and rin., 13 in. and up wide... 25 oo TEP RWAGEMayiue aras ertatatt fatals 29 00 16 00 DONNA aye states 16 00 AID ets: isi ietsim ttntelptniais Palette ote I4 00 VEN) iareusta isis piata'ose cheotanctohets SHIPPING CULLS OR BOx. zin., 4and 5 in. wide 1 in., 13 in, and up wide..... $1x 50 Tilney Ost WAGE vases eae etal 14%, 1¥% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1 in,, 7 in. wide and up mpiwidet. Gainer en eee II 00 SHAKY CLEAR. Tin., 3, 4,5) 75 8 and gin. wide 17 00| 1 in., ro in. and up wide..... 18 00 Tin. Odne Wide wenrestejeeiee a 18 00 | 14, 1% and 2 in., 8in, and up WED. on sveloaron tee ee 20 00 COFFIN BOARDS. No. 1, 1 in., r3in. and up.... 20 oo | No. 1, millculls............. IND: 32 sicher spe een itigte Wea 17 00 | No. 2, or red horse BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED. Extra clear (perfect)......... 23 GOING: Se. tawaittars, namteee vec ete 18 00 No. 1 (mearly clear). ........ 2 GOp| ING ,53e dem ekrelcigiataysethene rae I4 00 TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING, Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.§ 8 50| Hemlock, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 18 ft Rr on rast ih Io 50 16 feet 8 00 Bey) line, gummed uotogcadona: II 50 Ce) OAV IOI GAIA nC 8 50 22\anGiaaitt.wiecineeias sees 12 50 | Add $x to each additional oft. in length. SHINGLES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX Standard brands, river made, Clear IBiWttSe weer area ee nics 2.@,©.O, Benopeerieccthd. fae 275 Clear Butts... 5. sac, sueeeee 295 WHITE PINE LATH, IN (0. i Weis'sin osle:asctere uhetareeentvitaleeiate E,BO}|! INOvai sw iasractte pean eee I 00 Hemlock I 00 BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. TonawanpA, N. Y., August 26, 1896. WHITE PINE. Dp 14%,1¥%and2 No. 3, 1% to2in... 17 00 13 00 Abcam on eT: Hoe 47 00| Shelving, No. x, 13 in ays. and 3 in. 54 00 and up, zin..,... 30 00@33 oo ADD ote pe sttieta 57 00| Dressing 1% in...... 24 00 26 00 Selects, x in. 40 00 14% xr0 and ray. see 26 00 1% to2 in, ACO) ||s eaters ieteaee 24 00 25 00 4 ANC 3H ee erare 47100: (50100)! 2. Win eis wee ce le ete a 26 00 28 00 AGB Saar jedesn ase 52 00| Mold st’ps, 1 to 2in.. 32 00 34 00 Fine common, r in... 35 00 37 00 Be No. 1, roand 12 14% and % i hr Pye SRIOG\ PRGIO |, as! oe ee ee ae 2I 00 Pa pL ot ec cctinenes 34 00 3600] 6 aaa 8 in 7 21 00 ; IM. cs ceeeeneeees 45 00| No. 2,z0and12in. 1600 17 00 IR unten ale ae 45 00 No. 3, ro and r2in. 13 00 14 00 Cur'g up, No. 1,1 in. 26 00 29 00] 6and8in.......... I2 50 13 50 TY 10/2 Weioy.. ane ate 32 00 33 00] Common, rin........ 16 co 18 00 No. 2) eateries 16 00 17 00 1% andr¥in...... 18 90 20 00 No..2;:3%% tozan.. 22700) P2940) |e ce ane nee eee rae 18 00 20 oc WHITE ASH, ist & 2nd, x inch, 33 00 33 00 | 2% to4 in TY {0 2 Nivesuialsae 33,004 35109)|| Strips eaemueenene nse BLACK AND BROWN ASH. ist & 2nd, 8 inch up, 2000 2200 Com. & good culls10 00 12 00 BIRCH. ist & 2nd, 6 inch & ist & 2nd, white, 6in. & up, 18 00 Up, red \ecieeseees 28 00 30 00 | Com. & good culls... ++ I0 00 £2 00 ELM. ist & 2d, rock, 8in. & up, 18 00 22 oo ast & 2d, soft, 8in. & up, 16 00 18 00 MAPLE ist & 2d, hard, 6in. & up 18 00 20 00 1st & 2d, soft, 6in.& up, 17 00 19 00 WHITE OAK. ist & 2nd, plain, Clear squares, 5x5, Bin Upc en. oe 26:00 28. 00)” fo Oxe.cy mene 35 00 Good common....... 15 00 17 00| ist & and quartered, - Good cows teas vere 10 00 I2 00 O3n; Spas a eens ieee 45 00 50 00 | Common quartered... 25 00 30 00 RED OAK. ast Ronde ten eeay 25 00 27 0) pea ist &2nd.. 42 00 44 00 Comment wincaviers fume 14,00 126 oo | Common... casucsse 22 00 2600 Culhi es sane 9 90 10 00 NEW YORK CITY. New York, N. Y., August 26, 1896. WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source of supply , rendering it useless to give prices for local market. WHITE PINE TIMBER, Bridge timber....... $28 00 @ 49 200 | Building orders..... $27 00 @ 37 00 Decline a 2 aero 16 25 17 00 6 tO 121M. -- 2s press r4 50. 15 75)|\Tathiy. vc caclecs eee 185 195 Fepoe lee ios Grrr eit 75 75 16 25 HARDWOOD. 4/4 and thicker, No. r and 2 Black Ash, 10 to 16. «.0:210:6)s) sear ae G es oftEIm, 9 ince wee een be ‘ 2 Hard Maple,‘ +2.u Sy apenas wi as oS Basswood, oF Gee + Grae ae ce “ec “ce “ Birch, Black Ash, Com. and Shipping Cull, M, Cc. Os fs ‘ Soft Elm “ ee “ec “ Hard Maple, rT “ec “ “ec “cc Basswood, ce “ “ “ ““c Birch, “ec “ ty ALBANY, N.Y. ; Avpany, N. Y,. August 26, 1896. Uppers, 3 in. up........... $50 $52 Dressing boards, narrow....$19 $21 2G IK nis cele piece 50 52 | West India shipping boards. 16 17 ieee Sab Raa ae Ree ao 45 48] Box boards.. ............. 12 10 4inch wppets .t.se> = s\-44- 50 52 | xo-in, dressing and better... 26 34 Selects, 234 in. up......J.... 42 44| 10-in. common............. 14 15 TitO ZUM; oc noaapeeiles 38 42] 12-in. dressing and better... 26 32 Fine common, 24% in. andup 40 42 | Common, 1xiz2.......... 1 to2in 6 40] No. x barn, rxz2..... Ne. 1 cut, 1 to 2 inch 35 TXIO 15 sseheerae oe Wore ied ae en cone ecornare 18 25 EG ie ate cee » einige” els Ginette eR INO. 35 6: seine nee ne 20\| No. 2\barn; uxaa. ss aeee 19 No. 1 molding, 1 to2in..... 33 36 TXLO,...6 Gavaeere weiss 19 No. 2 molding, 1 to 2 in..... 25 28 TE. . oc scok eee seccee TF IG Stathed saps coi. Jen cer se 20 Shaky or star clear, r to 2in. 19 21 Bracket plank ........ .... 30 35 Dressing .. a gai 18 Shelving boards, 12-in. up... 30 32 Common 15 LATH, Pine aa) siarath ser omeerntaee eee $2 25 | Spruce..... as) hele aaa $2 00 SHINGLES. Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30| Bound butts, 6x18 ....$6 00 $6 15 Clear) bretsc 52. sc. \oa 325 3 35| Hemlockl.2..- drvings 2 OS ah BO Smooth, 6x18....... 5 40 5 50)| Spruce 5.0, seo ceeeee «« 220 2 30 OSWEGO, N.Y. Osweco, N. Y., August 26, 1896. WHITE PINE. Three uppers, 1 A, ve and 2 inchs. « hevsataieaeiee . » $45 00@46 00 Pickings, ae ++. 36.00 38 00 No. 1, cutting up, ‘ 66” saraies a atop ae ee 31 QP 35 00 No. 2, cutting up, ‘‘ KO” oies vcan'eta due 5 See ee 24 00 23 00 In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for moulding trips, 14 to16ft. 30 00 32 00 SIDING. rin siding, cutting up 1¥% in selected....... 38 00@43 00 ticks and uppers... 32 00@39 00 | 1% in dressing....... 20 00 22 00 tin dressing........- 19 00 21 00 | 1% in No. 1culls.... ee 00 16 00 tin No, x culls...... 13 00 14 00 | 14 in No. 2cuils.... 13 00 14 00 rin No. 2 culls...... II 00 1200] 1 os) No 3 culls...... 11 00 12 00 IXIz 1NCH. ; 12 and 16 feet, milk run... <....c2 er ses ean eee 2I 00 24 00 12 and 16 feet, No. 1 and 2, barn boards I9 00 20 00 12 and 16 feet, dressing and better............. - 27 00 31 00 r2 and 16 feet, No.2 culls. oc... occus «sclera ene I3 00. 14 00 14%x10 INCHES. Mill run, mill culls out.$24 oo@24 oo | No. rculls........... 17 00 18 00 Dressing and better.. 27 00 35 00| No. 2culls.......... + 14 00 I5 00 IX4 INCHES. Mill run, mill cullsout 17 00 21 00] No. rculls..... seeeee If OO I5 00 Dressing and better.. 24 00 30 00| No. 2culls......... +» 12100 23 00. IX5 INCHES. 6, 7 or 8, mill run, mill 6, 7 or 8, No. rculls.. 15 00 16 00 culls out......4.- 18 00 25 00| 6, 7 or 8, No.2 culls.. 13 00 14 00 6, 7 or 8, drsg and bebeiacess cakuee 23 00 3000 BOSTON, MASS. Boston, August 26, 1896. EASTERN PINE—CARGO OR CAR LOAD, Ordinary planed 4 inch. .deeeee 2 9 50 BOaEES ais en eteeisiels $rz 50 1200] 1z-z6 inch....... 2 3 a 3 ae Coarse No. 5....... I5 00 15 50 Yainch.:. 0.503 nex SOG 8 25 Refuse, fois 1. Varela 1300 13 25 | Clapboards, sapext.. 45 00 46 00 ints oe 23 dt ster g 00 Sap clears. canon 41 00 4200 Boxboards, 1 inch... 10 75 11 00 Sap, 2nd clear.... 34 00 36 00 Ye ICH c aivetromictaie 975 1000 No. X.4 eeu +: 23.00 25000 WESTERN PINE—BY CAR LOAD. Py. Uppers, 1 in........ $50 0o@s52 co | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 46 00 52 00 14%,1% and 2 in.. 52 00 53 00| No. 2,1 in. Finecom. 29 00 31 00 Send Alin anes ste es 58 00 62 00 14%, 1% and 2in.. + 30 00 3200 Selects; ix Vin anaes 44 00 45 00| No.1 st) 4 to 6i in. 43 00 44 00 14%,1¥% and 2 in.. 45 00 47 00 No: 2 Siccneseg 36 00 39 co AGG Ane re ctealae 52 00 55 00 No. 3 26 00 3000 Moulding boards, 8 to Cut ups, mink. sekeee 20 00 32 00 pea taterel Ce wnaeiy + 37 00 39 oo | Cut ups, 1% to2in.. 24 00 38 00 60 per cent. clear... 32 00 34 00 | Coffin boards..... ees - 29 oo 22 0c Fine common, rin.... 40 00 41 oo | Common all widths... 22 00 26 00 14%, 1% and 2 in. 40 00 41 00 | Shipping culls, 1 in... : 14 50 15 50 do - 1% in. 3s 50 16 50 SHINGLES. Spruce.... . Peg ae stir I 3a 1.50 | Second Clear.........: ~™75 190 Cedar, jextray. co .ep Py . “a 4 alll SEPTEMBER, 1896 a THE NEWS. —The Portneuf Pulp Mill Co., Portneuf, Que., has been dissolved. __p. Hamm has started in the lumber business at Rose- feld, Man. __Mr. Edwards, of Colborne, has started a cooper shop at Port Hope. —Joseph G. Halfpenny’s saw mill, Beaver Creek, B.C., was recently burned. —James McKinlay is erecting a spool factory at Black River, Kent County, N. B. —A. J. Smith, lumber merchant, Woodville, Ont., has opened a business at Thornbury. —James McKinlay, of Quebec, will operate a spool factory at Kouchibouguac, N. B. —J. McMartin has purchased an interest in the Klemes & Curry saw mill at Sandon, B. C. __Edward Parsons, of Sand Point, will cut 10,000 ft. of logs for the Pembroke Lumber Co. —J. T. Simpson, of Moose Jaw, N. W. T., is putting a saw mill in operation at that place. —D. A. Jonah, of Petitcodiac, N. B., has made extens- ive improvements to his furniture factory. —H. A. Manwaring, of Birtle, Man., has disposed of his lumber mill to Mr. Peden, of Rossburn. —At Nakusp, B. C., there is a large saw mill owned by Geneliie & Co. —An electric light plant has been placed in the saw mill of Mickle, Dyment & Son, at Severn, Ont. Mr. J. E. Poupre is manager. “_F. W. Upham, of Chicago, recently shipped fifteen car loads of cottonwood for Holland and Germany. —E. A. Simpson & Co., lumber and planing mill, Moose Jaw, N. W. T., have sold out their lumber. stock to H. McDougall. —The Kootenay Lumber Co. is erecting a saw mill at Lardeau, B. C. The mill will have a capacity of 20,000 feet per day. —Toner & Gregory's mill at Collingwood, Ont., was recently closed down for a couple of weeks owing to a scarcity of logs. A raft went to pieces just as it was nearing the port. —The water power and property of the Buckingham Pulp Co., at Buckingham, Que., has been purchased by Walter Williams for $15,000. stroyed by fire a few years ago. The pulp mills were de- ~__The Menominee Iron Works, of Menominee, Mich., are said to have received a request through the Japanese consul at Tacoma to bid on the machinery for establish- ing a complete modern saw mill in Japan. _—A new match manufacturing concern has been estab- lished at Buckingham, Que., to be known as the McLaren Match Co. The company will be composed of the five sons of the late James McLaren, lumberman. —It is stated that the site of the saw mills of Ross Bros., at Buckingham, Que., will be occupied in the near future by large pulp and paper mills, while a steam saw mill will be erected at some point further north. An agreement has been entered into between the town of Midland, Ont., and the Manitou Wood and Pulp Co., by which the company will erect a pulp mill in considera- tion of tax exemption and other privileges granted by the town. —An American syndicate will, it is said, purchase a site at Three Rivers, Que., on which to erect large pulp and paper mills, the products of which will be exported to Europe. The concern will have a capitalization of $2,000,000. —J. O. Gilbert & Son, Bishop’s Crossing, Que., are placing a new 100 h.p. engine and boiler in their water mill, six miles from that place, preparatory to cutting about two million feet of lumber for Cross & Ewing the coming winter. —Alex. Ross, of Wingham, has in his possession a chip of oak taken from a log that was cut down over 65 years ago. The oak. was felled when logging a roadway in the vicinity of Brucefield in 1831, and lay on the road- side until three years ago. —Moses Knight, of Burk’s Falls, is seeking to recover from several insurance companies and Mr. J. C. Thom- son, of Hamilton, the sum of $6,000, the amount of insur- ance on some Jumber destroyed by fire in the yard of the Katrine Lumber Co. at Katrine, Ont. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN - —Mr. Burrill, of the Drummond Lumber Co., Forest Dale, Que., has invented an ingenuous device for lighting a country road. Having to travel through dark forest roads, he constructed a storage battery in his wagon, and ran fine flexible wires along the reins to the head of each horse, where an incandescent light of small candle power was fixed to the head piece of the bridle. —Incorporation has been announced of the Rat Portage Lumber Co., composed of D. C. Cameron, Walter Ross, William R. Dick, Hugh W. Kennedy and Matthew Brown, of Rat Portage, and J. A. McRae, of Niagara Falls: This is a reorganization of the Ontario & Western Lumber Co., of Rat Portage, which formerly worked under a Dominion charter, but has now been organized under Provincial rights. -—Alex. McEwen, of Calumet, Que., has patented an invention for the floating of hardwood timber down the rough streams from the lumber districts. Heretofore it has been the practise to fasten with withes a hard and softwood log together and so start them down the stream. Mr. McEwan’s invention consists of bolting the light and heavy logs together, a light iron bolt with a coil spring at one end being used. The main advantage is in the spring, which, when the logs strike a rock or other obstacle, lessens the jar. The system is said to work satisfactorily and to be less expensive than the old-fash- ioned method. CASUALTIES. —Robt. Wilson, an employe in Cushing’s mill at Union Point, N. B., had three fingers taken off one of his hands by a lifting saw. —Duncan Hayes, employed in the McLaren mills at While shut- ting off the water to stop the mill, the crank struck him in the face, horribly lacerating it. Buckingham, was seriously injured recently. —An employee in J. R. Booth’s mill at Ottawa, named Emile Bedard, while oiling the machinery in the lower portion of the mill, is supposed to have fallen into one of tail races and been swept into the falls. —A man named Beaupailant was seriously injured in Booth’s mill at Ottawa. He was caught in the shafting by the arms and carried between the machinery and a beam, a width of not more than eight inches. His cloth- ing was completely torn off. —James Mackey, a lumberman of Arnprior, 56 years of ‘age, while in a state of somnambulism, walked out of a third story window at the Buller House, Ottawa, and re- ceived injuries which resulted in his death. Deceased had just returned from taking a raft of square timber to Quebec. : —A. W. Gillingham’s saw mill at the North Forks of the Old Man’s River, 60 miles from MacLeod, N. W. T., was recently the scene of a fatal accident. A boiler ex- ploded, killing three men, named Smith, May and Edsall, and injuring Messrs. Gillingham and Nelson. The mill was completely wrecked. PERSONAL. Mr. J. B. Klock, M. P., is spending a few weeks at Le Quinze. Mr. John Yuill has resigned his position with the. Pem- broke Lumber Co., and will remove to Calabogie. Mr. Joseph Shirley, a lumber culler in the employ of J. R. Booth, Ottawa, died from the effects of the excessive heat. Ald. Scott, of the Georgian Bay Lumber Company, re- turned a fortnight ago from his European trip, much bene- fitted by the holiday. Mr. Beland, of the firm of Beland & Martineau, lumber dealers, Quebec, has been appointed to the position of clerk of the Federal public works for the city. Mr. Charles H. Day, private secretary of Mr.'E. W. Rathbun, of the Rathbun Company, Deseronto, died in the general hospital at Kingston on the 17th August from an attack of typhoid fever. Sympathy is expressed with Mr. Donald Fraser, of the lumber firm of Donald Fraser & Sons, Fredericton, N. B., in the death of his wife, which took place on the 4th of August. Deceased was 54 years of age. Mr. J. H. Brumwell, of Bridgenorth, Ont., gave THE LUMBERMAN a pleasant call last week on his return from a visit to Buffalo. Mr. Brumwell operates a saw mill in Peterboro’ county, and reports a fair trade. He states that timber in his locality is becoming scarce. TRADE NOTES. A. A. Benson, the maritime province representative of the Waterous Engine Works Co., has returned recently from a business trip through Nova Scotia. The Waterous Company, of Brantford, shipped last month a large portable saw mill to Australia which weighed 80,000 Ibs., with 72” lower and 4o” upper, ‘‘Hoe” chisel tooth saw. H. Murphy, of Ottawa, recently shipped a complete friction feed to A. Lunsden, for his saw mill on the Upper Ottawa, and a complete outfit, including engine, boiler, and other machinery, for Gehan Bros.’ mill at Bearbrook, Ont. The William Hamilton Manufacturing Co., of Peter- boro’, are manufacturing eighteen sets of gearings for the Sault Ste. Marie Pulp & Paper Co. The same company are also building a complete saw mill for British Colum- bia, and one for Mania, N. B. The following is a copy of aletter received by the Emer- son Company, which speaks for itself : CHARLESTON, W. Va., May 27th, 1896. THE EMERSON Co., Baltimore, Md. GENTLEMEN,—We herewith hand you settlement in full for the 100 ft. *‘ Automatic Compression ” dry kiln which we purchased from you under a guarantee that it would dry 50,000 ft. per week of oak lumber in a manner satis- factory tous. The lumber, as you know, is used by us in the manufacture of the furniture, and the requirements are very exacting. After a test of the kiln we find that it comes fully up to what you promised in the quality of the drying, and in quantity of output it far exceeds your guar- anteed capacity. The basis of the contract we made with you was for one inch lumber (oak), and it comes from the kiln in an elegant condition and bone dry. We are sure we can dry fully twenty thousand feet per week more than you guaranteed. We have also taken up some oak, six quarters thick, which was in the kiln the same length of time as the one inch, and it was bone dry and uninjured ; also some half-inch quarter sawn oak, green from the saw, with the same results. We have dried poplar squares, 5x5, and also 2 inch poplar plank, both coming out abso- lutely perfect, being neither warped, checked or case hardened. The kiln is economical in the use of steam and the equipment is very complete and of the highest order, just as you promised it would be. We have been using metal side condensing kilns and have had a great deal of trouble in getting dry lumber, although we had three of these kilns. It took them from 18 to 25 days to dry the same lumber that your kiln dries in a week, and the tum- ber from your kiln works splendidly in our machines, not being case hardened in the least. We cheerfully accept the kiln, and are satisfied that your system is the only one suitable for drying hardwoods, and are fully convinced that the ‘‘Automatic Compression” system is ‘‘the thing.” Yours very truly, Roy FurniTurRE Co., by J. C. Roy, Pres. PUBLICATIONS. Cassier’s Magazine for September contains, among other valuable engineering articles, the following : ‘‘ Mill- ing Machine Practice,’ by H. B. Binsse; ‘‘ When it is Economical to Use a Condenser,” by Wm. H. Wightman; ‘©The Steam Turbine,” by Prof. John H. Barr; “ Filter- ing Water for Steam Boilers,” by Wm. H. Odell. One of the neatest catalogues which has reached our desk is that of the Emerson Company, of Baltimore, Md., descriptive of their well-known automatic “ ENETANGUISHENE, ONT. Galt Machine Knife Works — SIXTEEN RBASONS, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used in the manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the = a= causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The SS proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the SS : illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner o properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present MACHINE KNIVES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION - a. Ie time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has neyer eee en POPS. rr Woodworking Machines The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and is handsomely and sub- Send for Price List stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price ot ” ONE DOLLAR. ck PETER HAY - - - - -. Galt, Ont. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto Ont. Mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding with advertisers. senermos.- PINK LUMBERING TOOLS © S02 Samet oy crtsu 00m Duck Bill Peavies, Round Bill Peavies, Finest Duck Bill Winter Cant Hooks vit Pike Poles, Skidding Tongs, Boom Chains Lowest Prices © THOMAS PINK © PEMBROKE. ONT. SHURLY & DIETRICH GALT, Gia THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES SEE SSS SOLE PROPRIETORS OF TH VOTPIVTAI E SEGRET CREMIGAL PROCESS OF TEMPERING = = Our SilvertSteel Saws are Unequalled ee eT ee ee VotumeE XVII. NuMBER Io. TORONTO, ONT ., OCTOBER, 1896 TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR 4 Single Copies, 10 Cents. In Use by Eight Leading Governments. BEST ANTI-FRICTION METAL For All Machinery Bearings MAGNOLIA METAL CO. OWNERS AND SOLE MANUFACTURERS meeee 74 Cortland Street, NEW YORK #20 Chicago Office: TRADERS BUILDING. Montreal Office: Messrs. Caverhill, Learmont & Co., Agents. London Office: No. 49 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON, E. C. —— THE — “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE “The Morse” —_ is the only machine in the market that Sas will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTH BRS ‘Reliance Works,” - MONTREAL. | c. C. CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons CANADA TOOL WORKS DUNDAS - ONTARIO. Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should write us for prices. Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. J. L. Goodhue & GO. MANUFACTURERS OF [FATHER BELTING ::.:. ann LACE LEATHER Wea vi tie, .Goue. Macnouia Meta. THE DAKE ENGINE The accompanying cut shows the Dake Engine as attached to saw mill carriage set work. The engine, as shown, is reversible, advancing and receding head blocks at the will of the operator. Does away with coil springs used for re- ceding head blocks, and is a practical assistant to a saw mill carriage, enabling the setter to handle the heaviest logs with ease. Steam is carried to engine by means of steam hose, or by swinging steam pipe with knuckle joints, taken from near the centre of carriage travel. As applied to carriage work, it has been in actual operation for over a year. CORRESPONDENCE INVITED. PHELPS MACHINE CoO. BASTMAN, QUB. Why it is the World Renowned Automatic INJECTOR FIRST—sTEADY IMPROVEMENT. Each year since 1887, when the ‘ Pen- berthy ”’ was first placed on the market, has seen some positive advance in its working qualities until now it stands unrivalled with an... . Efficiency of 9914 per cent. Shown by Actual Test. YOU SHOULD HAYE ONE ENBERTHY INJECTOR CO. 226 Abbott St., DETROIT, MICH. Branch Factory : WINDSOR, ONT. G. F, CLEVELAND BaiiGrades of CROSS-CUT SAWS at 12S mresu Prices > ,..SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF .... The “Burns” Patent Handle le CRA = EWG. QW PATENTED JUNE 26th, 1893 Positively the Strongest Handle Made. Ask yoursHardware Merchant for our Goods, Special Quotations on Large Quantities, THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ~ 1 Ap? OOo eee a, Oe eee” ele THE NEW PRESGOTL Bice aiet |. iM np : ab { | Savy Mill = {ffm Ge a aM iy To” Ady Ca way Illi | | i i i] | Ws, oe —~-©G66 666 \\ AI AY WW XA NN \\\ \\ NY B\\\ KINA \\ , ‘\\\ \ \ \ . > val l i e 3 IN W, Z yy SS SS F yj KS THE WM. HAMILTON MFG. CO. LTD. Branch PETERBOROUGH, ONT. Office: WancouveRawtacia. : ; 7 , 4 = Pe oerm wa ts x 4 T#® CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumeE XVII. NuMBER 10. TORONTO, ONT,, OCTOBER, 1896 iy] TERMS, $1.00 Per YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents. BY THE WAY. Dr. NANSEN made his recent Arctic expedition in a vessel built of Douglas fir, which he is said to have chosen in preference to all other woods. The logs from which his ship was built were cut from the forests of Washington. Dur- ing the voyage the ship was subjected to great hazard from ice floes, as is shown by the follow- ing dispatch to the London Chronicle: ‘ We were regularly exposed to violent pressures, caused by the changing spring tide. The ‘‘ Fram” was once or twice liftedfrom six to nine feet. The bottom became visible and rested on the ice. So little following statement regarding the quality of the shipment: ‘‘I am agreeably surprised at the quality of the lumber being sent to the vessel by Cushing & Co. cargoes of spruce and pine at almost all the im- portant shipping ports in Canada and the United States. The pine lumber cut on the Ottawa has always enjoyed the reputation of being the finest This is hardly to be I have in my time inspected lumber taken out anywhere. OPENING OF THE FOREST CAMPAIGN. effect did this have on the ship’s satisfied Messrs. Crossman will soon take a place among the largest shippers of lumber from St. John to the River Platte. lumber out there is ever on the increase.” The demand for spruce FELLING A TREE. FELLING a tree is an art. All woodmen agree that there is a ‘‘knack” or ‘‘sleight”’ about it. The man who leaves a ‘‘fox-eared” stump is a hacker and not a chopper. Usu- ally there is very little that is com- mendable in the ways of wood- men. When they are careful, however, they should have the credit of it. It is quite the custom in the pine woods of Southern New timbers that the men continued Jersey to leave seed trees, and, their slumberings undisturbed.” what is still more commendable, oe a they leave the smooth bark In the West Coast and Puget Sound Lumberman we find the following remarks relating to a former Ontario lumberman: ‘‘ Mr. T. H. DeCew, who is now the owner and operator of the Ains- lie mill at Ainslie, was in Tacoma last week superintending the load- ing of 200,000 feet of lumber, which he is furnishing as a part of the cargo of the “Aida,” for China. The timbers are 24’ x 24”, 40 to 100 feet. Mr. DeCew is well pleased with his plant. It has a capacity of 100,000 feet per day, but his average cut now is about 50,000 ft. daily. He has 100,000,000 feet of timber access- ible to his plant, and when that is exhausted he may remove the 4 plant to his tract of 3,700 acres of timber land near Albany, Ore. His eldest son is conducting the business which they are closing up at Essex, Canada, and will also remove to Washington at an early date. Mr. DeCew has been shipping most of his output thus far bysea, loading at Kalama. Last month he shipped a cargo of 300,000 feet to South America.” eR ae CANADIAN spruce is rapidly be- coming in favor in many of the foreign markets of the world. Within the past fortnight Messrs. W. H. Crossman & Bro., of New York, have shipped two cargoes from St. John, N. (Bas to South America. This firm ships annually millions of feet of lumber to that market, their vessels loading at Portland and Phila- delphia. Should the recent shipments from New Brunswick prove satisfactory, however, they will no doubt be followed by others. Mr. Tordoff, inspector for Messrs. Crossman & Bro., made the — eS | ‘4 ‘« Make we here our camp of winter, And through sleet and snow, Pitchy knot and beechen timber On our hearth shall glow. Strike then comrades—trade is waiting ; On, our rugged toil, Far ships waiting for the freighting Of our woodland spoil.’"-—WHITTIER. wondered at, because pine being a softer wood, is much more easily prepared for market. But the spruce lumber which Cushing & Co. are sup- plying for this cargo is the equal in appearance and quality of any lumber I have ever seen. It is fully as good in point of manufacture as the best Ottawa pine it has ever been my duty to in- spect, and I have handled some of the choicest cargoes ever loaded. This is a general cargo as far as sizes go, and I can safely say that no fault can be found with a single piece of it. I am Pinus echinata) and not the ‘ough bark pine (Pinus rigida). This is practising forestry in a very crude way. A few choppers ourn the limbs after them—that is, they fell a strip of trees to the left, then the neighboring strip to the right, so that the tops and limbs form a windrow. If the wind is right they burn it, and in that way reduce the danger from fire in summer, and destroy what may become a breeding place for pestiferous insects. A good chop- per leaves the proper kind of stump. If it is pine there is no difference, since pine produces no coppice growth of value, and the stump soon decays. If it is oak or chestnut it is an important matter. -A good chopper cuts a tree close to the ground and leaves a clean sloping top .to the stump. Ifthe bark is not split and the cut is clean it will not rot, and the coppice growth which follows will be healthier and in ten or fifteen years fit for fuel. There is no reason for using such large fire-wood. Although more tedi- ous to cut in the woods, there is more of it in the same bulk, it is more easily handled, easier to cut and split on the wood-pile, dries quicker and makes a quicker and a hotter fire. —The Forester. The British Columbia Mills, Timber & Trading Co., of Vancouver, B. C., will put in four new planers in the near future. Several specimens of railway ties made from British Columbia fir have been sent to China for inspection by the Chinese Government, there being a strong possibility that they will be adopted in the construction of new railroads. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OcTOBER, 1896 CORRESPONDENCE Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades.. To secure insertion all communications must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for publication. The publisher will not hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. THE CULTIVATION OF FOREIGN MARKETS. OTTAWA, Sept. 11th, 1896. To the Editor of the CanapA LUMBERMAN:? DEAR SiR :—I have noticed, with great pleasure, the active interest that you have been taking through your paper towards opening up new fields for the consumption of our Canadian wood products, and I am sure that some of your remarks cannot help but bear fruit. Although I am rather averse to needless speculation, I must admit that I think that the majority of the Canadian lumber dealers are inclined to be a little too conservative as regards sending their wood goods into a market that is not thoroughly conversant with our trade. Of course, there are evils to contend against before a new market can be opened up, but on the other hand, once the trade is understood and a satisfactory arrangement can be arrived at, then you have the satisfaction of knowing that the business is not so over run that you have to sell your goods at a most unsatisfactory figure or else retire in favor of some hawker who is able to place some job lots at a sufficiently low figure to fill the requirements of a glutted market. One has not to look back very far to remember the time when there was little or no Canadian woods sent to the European trade, other than square timber ; then as trade developed we saw the introduction of three inch deals, and now even these are to a certain © extent being replaced by smaller sizes, such as 1, 1%, 1% and 2 inch. How have these changes been brought about? It was by the introduction of these lines into the different markets on a small scale ; then as the success of the venture was proven, larger consignments were sent forward, until we have not only shown the superiority of our. goods and our manufacture, but we have tended very largely to cause quite a reformation in that trade. Of course we cannot take all the credit to ourselves, for had it not been for the foresight and push of some of the large English dealers this movement would have been greatly retarded. Now that we have met with such suc- cess with our pine, why should we stop there. One has only to take up one of the European import returns to find the large quantity of hardwoods which they receive from the United States and other countries, which to a very large extent should come from Canada. The hardwood lumber trade of Canada is just in its infancy, and it is very liable to remain so unless there is some effort made both on the part of the Canadian government and the manu- facturers to improve the state of affairs. First of all, we want to find a market to enable us to take it out in paying quantities and to manufacture and handle it as the species and quality requires. At present you will see distributed all through the country small mills everywhere from six horse power up. To these the farmers draw a few logs, which are sawed in a very inferior manner and graded in any way to suit the convenience of the ‘‘manufac- turer." These men find the name of someone who pur- chases hardwoods, and write offering their firsts and seconds, which may be principally culls, at an absurdly low figure. They get their order to ship, and when the lumber arrives at its destination, of course there is a huge kick and a corresponding reduction by consignee, who even then finds the article unsuitable and injurious to his trade. You will admit that this is not the way to advertise our goods, which if done in the proper way, would hold their own with any in the world. While in New York some months ago I met a large dealer from Germany who told me that he had come over to the States to purchase some hardwoods. He informed me of a mill in the state of New York where he had purchased a large quantity of ash and maple. I asked him why he did not try Canada for these woods, but he said that he had once tried a small shipment and found the quality of the wood and the sawing was not in any way equal to that grown and manufactured in the States. A short time after this I had occasion to visit the mill in question, and was surprised to hear that all the hardwood logs which they were manu- facturing had been shipped to them from Canada, and that the States were getting the credit for producing an article which rightly belonged to Canada. This is only one instance of many that might be recorded in which other countries are obtaining the cudos which we should use every effort to retain ourselves. Although the pine industry is likely to remain the chief wood trade of Canada for years to come, still these is no reason why such a valuable factor as our hardwood trade should be kept in the background, and I trust that through the good influence of your paper, the proper authorities will be induced to use every effort to further the interests of an industry that would give employment to large numbers and place a value on thousands of miles of timber territory which are now considered valuable only as a means of supplying fuel. Yours very truly, E. C. GRANT. MARITIME NOTES. [Correspondence of the CANADA LUMBERMAN.] AFTER a couple of months of compulsory vacation con- sequent ona too close attachment of your cogrespond- ent’s principal writing fingers with the janiter knives of a clapboard machine in a mill he was visiting-——in which the fingers came off a very poor second—it will be in order to again take up the broken thread and begin again. Mr. Kilgour Shives, Campbellton, N. B., has a fine steam power saw and shingle mill, containing gang, patent edger, slab slasher, trimmer and resaw machine, for the manufacture of long lumber. In the shingle mill he has nine machines, eight Dunbar and one made in On- tario, large circular saws for cutting the logs in lengths required for shingles, and a saw splitting machine used to divide the large bolts into sizes suitable for the machines without waste, as is the case where winding or twisted bolts are split with anaxe. The shingle bolts, after being prepared—sapped and quartered—are thrown into a sluice that lays onthe floor a little behind the operators, in which runs an endless chain, one man thus being able to take the bolts from the sluice and place them within reach of the men operating the machines. There is a large amount of refuse, such as bark, heart, sawdust, etc., from cedar—which is used for shingles—which would entail a great amount of labor to get clear of, but Mr. Shives, with his characteristic enterprise, erected a large brick furnace two years ago, into which a large endless chain sluice dumps all the refuse of both the shingle and saw mills. Small sluices lead from the different machines to the main sluice ; there is also a sluice leading to the fire room. Mr. Shives being located in the growing town of Campbellton, finds it more profitable to cut his slabs and edgings into fire wood than to make laths, and finds ready sale in the town for all he can make. In long lumber he cuts deals for the English market, but takes advantage of his logs as to lengths and size for the American and South American markets. The higher grades of shingles are shipped to Boston and other points in the Eastern States, the lower grades going to Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia. Mr. Shives operated his mill day and night this season, and has a very nice electric plant for supplying light to the mill, yard and pond, also to his store and machine shop. The capacity of the gang mill is about 50,000 feet and 15,000 shingles each machine, per day of ten hours. The logs to supply the mills at Campbellton come down the Restigouche river, the boom and rafting grounds being at Flatlands, some five miles above the town. Large vessels take half their cargo at the wharves and the remainder of their cargo is lightered to them. Norwegian vessels have been doing the principal foreign lumber trade from all northern New Brunswick and Quebec ports along Bay Chaleur, but steamers are finding their way there and will no doubt make their presence felt. A. E. Alexander, Mayor of Campbellton, has the largest and one of the most complete shingle mills on the north shore of New Brunswick. It is equipped with thirteen Dunbar shingle machines, with circular and drag cut-off saws, saw splitting machine for large bolts, sluice with delivery chain for supplying bolts to the different ma- chines, refuse and fire house endless chain sluices, suit- able to the conditions, which enables him to get rid of the refuse at very little expense. The cedar logs are cut on the Restigouche and Metapedia rivers. Mr. Alexander ships largely to the United States markets by rail, having a siding run into the mill yard. The mill has been run day time only, as Mr. Alexander runs some small mills in the woods in the winter and takes the output of some other mills, which gives him a sufficient stock to supply his requirements. Besides milling Mr. Alexander is the largest general merchant in northern New Brunswick, and in both his mill and stores one can see a general air of prosperity which such an enterprising man richly deserves. W. P. Gray has a four machine shingle mill in the town and does a very nice business. He has the advan- tage of most shingle mill owners, in that he has come up from the ranks-—as the saying is—and has the practical ° knowledge necessary to enable him to take a hand at any part of the work in a shingle mill. Mr. Gray runs one of the two machines all winter. W. W. Doherty has a steam power gang and circular saw mill, with patent edger and lath machine. This isa new mill built to replace one burned last year. Mr. Doherty saws for David Richards, principally deals for the English market. The capacity of the mill is about 70,000 feet per day. He has also been mayor of the town, and isa genial, whole-souled man whom it is a _ pleasure to meet, as are all the mill-owners in Camp- bellton. : About one mile below town David Richards has built a very fine mill, in which at present he has three Dunbar shingle machines and two clapboard machines, with all the necessary machinery for doing the work intended to the best advantage. The mill was built with a view of adding either a gang, circular or band when conditions Mr. Richards is a large lumber operator, as besides supplying stock for his own mill, he stocks several other mills, both on the New Brunswick and Quebec sides of the river. He also takes charge of the logs coming down the river to the booms, where he rafts and tows to the several mills as needed. Mr. Richards has built up quite a village near his mill, and shows good taste in the pretty houses he has built and their neat surroundings. He is the pioneer in the clapboard business on the North Shore. Knowing what was required he had the machines built to suit the condi- tions, with the result that they do the work required of them without any hitch or trouble. The logs suitable for clapboards are sorted at the boom, so that the very best stock only is used in their manufacture; they are taken from the saw and properly air dried, then planed and jointed by a machine made specially for that work, sorted into the respective grades, 1st, znd, grd and 4th, then either put into the warehouse or car for shipment, the Eastern States and Quebec being the principal market for them. warrant an increased output. Across the river from Campbellton, at Bay, Que., J. D. Sowerby has a gang mill with circular, patent edger, resaw and four shingle machines, which are fully employed during the sawing season. Mr. Sowerby has another mill which he runs in the winter. The power at Oak Bay is a combination of steam and water, and has, it is said, the second largest water wheel in existence, heing 52 feet in diameter and about seven feet wide. It looms away above the top of the mill and reminds one of the ferris wheel as it slowly revolves. The power was not sufficient, So steam was added and now does good work. Mr. Sowerby had’ the misfortune to have his dwelling and store burned some two or three years ago, but now has rebuilt and dispenses a welcome cordiality to the wayfarer in need of refreshment, without money and without price, in his beautiful home. May his shadow never grow less. , Wegks AN UP-TO-DATE JOURNAL. Messrs. John Piggott & Sons, Chatham, Ont., in re- mjtting the amount of their subscription to the CANADA LUMBERMAN, write: ‘‘ We find a good deal of information in its columns, and think the parties from one of our neighboring towns, who wrote you some time ago forbid- ding it in their office, are not up-to-date lumbermen.” THE LUMBERMAN’S BEST GUIDE. Mr. E. Errett, of Merrickville, in asking that the LuM- BERMAN be discontinued for the reason that he is going out of the lumber business, says: ‘‘I may just say that in closing my connection with the CANADA LUMBERMAN [ am parting with the best guide extant to every man engaged in the lumber trade.” 7 According to the report of the Forest Warden of Min- nesota, there still remains in that state 10,890,000 acres of forest land, covered with 19,000,000,000 feet of white Norway pine. The annual destruction amounts to 1,800,- 000,000 feet. OcToBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN F OBITUARY. THE LATE JOHN WILSON. Towarps the close of July there died in the city of New Westminster, B. C., Mr. John Wilson, manager of the Brunette Saw Mill Company. For some years past Mr. Wilson had not enjoyed good health, and had taken several vacations in the hope of regaining his strength. A visit to San Francisco was not attended with beneficial results, and latterly he found it necessary to entirely abandon the cares of business. He returned from a trip to Plumper’s Pass only a few days before his death. Deceased was a native of Ontario, having been born at Appleton, county of Lanark, on April 2oth, 1846. He had been connected with the lumbering business for many years, and previous to going west was in the employ of Mr. J. R. Booth, of Ottawa. He entered the employ of Mr. Booth in the year 1868, when the business was in its infancy, and was the first shipper. He introduced the Tue Late JoHN WILSON. system of shipping by car and boats now in use, which has given every satisfaction to Mr. Booth’s’ patrons. He was Mr. Booth’s first agent to inspect the logs and timber produced at his shanties, which duties Mr. Booth per- formed himself in the early years of the business. He also inspected a great many limits, which Mr. Booth pur- chased on his report of same. His relations with the men under him were of the most friendly nature, and it was a matter of regret to them when he severed his connection with Mr. Booth in the year 1890, and removed to British Columbia. In the following year he assumed the man- agement of the Brunette Saw Mill Company at New Westminster, which is composed largely of Ontario stock- holders. Mr. Wilson at once set to work to extend the trade, and had exceeded admirably when in July, 1895, the large mill of the company was completely consumed by fire. The disaster somewhat disorganized the com- pany, and it seemed doubtful for a time whether any action would be taken towards rebuilding the mill. But after Mr. Wilson had conferred with the leading eastern stockholders, its reconstruction was decided upon, and renewed efforts were put forth to re-establish the trade of the company. The very onerous duties this involved, however, proved too great for his vitality, and he was finally compelled to resign his position. As a business man the late Mr. Wilson was widely known and highly esteemed, and during his short resi- dence in New Westminster he accomplished much towards the advancement of the commercial interests of the city. He held the position of president of the Board of Trade for two years, and at the time of his death was vice-president of that organization. Of a kind disposition and urbane manner, his loss will be keenly felt by the vicinity in which he lived. He was an attendant of St. Andrew’s Presbyterian church, and took an active inter- est in its affairs. He leaves a widow and daughter. Mr. Robert Wilson, of the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, Ottawa, is a brother of deceased. THE LATE C. H. DAVISON. By the death of Mr. Charles Henry Davison, which occurred on the 27th of August, the village of Bridge- water, N. S., loses one of its most enterprising and esteemed citizens. After a severe and extended illness, he passed away at the age of 57 years. Deceased was the eldest son of the late E. D. Davison and was born at Mill Village, Queens Co. He received his education at Mt. Allison, Sackville, N. B. About the year 1865, in he conjunction with his father, he started the widely known firm of E. D. Davison & Sons, at Bridgewater, which has since been changed to the E. D. Davison & Sons Co., Ltd., and of which he was president. His thorough knowledge of the lumbering business, his excellent judgment and upright business methods were elements which aided his success in business. Notwith- standing the demands of business he allowed himself to be elected to the local legislature of the province when Hon. M. B. Desbrisay, the member, was appointed to a judgeship. Mr. Davidson only sat two sessions, but dur- ing that time was able to do signal service for his country in connection with the then new railroad enterprise. He was a staunch Liberal. In private life Mr. Davison was of retiring disposition. He was married in 1874 to Miss Annie F. Foster, and leaves a family of three children. THE LATE WALTER S. TENNANT. In lumber circles throughout Ontario few persons were better known than the late Walter S. Tennant, who for the past ten years had been connected with that industry. His death, which took place at Toronto on the rith of August, was learned with profound regret. He was a successful and energetic salesman, and to his customers was a welcome visitor. It is said of him that he never allowed his anger to rise under any provocation what- ever. The late Mr. Tennant was born in November, 1854, in the township of Blenheim, Oxford county, Ontario, of Scotch parentage. He was educated at the public schools in his native township until 14 years of age, after which he spent two years under the tuition of Mr. A. S. Cruik- shank, of Hamilton, who fitted him for a teacher. His next two years were spent in teaching school, but not liking the profession, he next learned telegraphy, and was for many years in responsible positions on the Great Western Railroad. for six years express and ticket agent at Paris, Ont. In 1886 he came to Toronto to enter the lumber business, for a time being in the employ of Messrs. F. N. Tennant and Christie, Kerr & Co. In 1889 he formed a partnership Leaving that service in 1880, he was Tue Late WaLTER S. TENNANT. with his brother, Mr. James Tennant, as wholesale lum- ber dealers, the firm being known as James Tennant & Co., and continued in this connection until the time of his death, which resulted from typhoid fever, after an illness of ten days. In 1882 he married Janet, daughter of John McKimmie, of Niagara-on-the-Lake, who sur- vives him. He leaves six children. SS One of the timber slides on tne Lake St. John Rail- way, which cost the government about $50,000, was abolished in 1894. The slidemaster, however, has been drawing $45 per month ever since as superanuation. The Minister of Justice has now decided that when the office is abolished the superanuation is abolished along with it. It is estimated that 45 per cent. of the lumber produced in the United States is used up in the manufacture of packing cases of one kind and other. In the shipment of eggs to market $500,000 worth of cases are used annually. It is also stated that 12,600,000 feet of lumber is con- snmed in the manufacture of canned corn cases alone. In the shipment of canned tomatoes 25,000,000 feet of lumber is required in the shape of boxes. THE LEARY RAFT. Cart. Wm. B. Hiller, of New York, states that on July 1 last he discovered, some 500 miles off the coast of Labrador, the celebrated Leary raft, which was lost some years ago. It was headed south-west, he says, but was not making much more headway than a foundry. The raft is larger than any ocean liner, and it would be an ugly customer to meet under the condition of a 20-knot gait and a dark night. Other mariners and the Collector of New York laugh at him and declare the raft has broken up long ago. James D. Leary, of St. John dock fame, who first con- ceived the plan of transporting lumber at sea by means of a raft, was recently interviewed. ‘‘I think Capt. Hiller’s story to be very probable. I was employed personally in the construction of this raft and I know that it was con- structed as strong—if not stronger—than many ocean steamers. Its general compactness and solidity made it almost as inseparable as one great massive log. “This raft was the largest by some 300 feet of any ever shipped by sea. In fact it was too large. Nothing like it is now attempted. It was constructed on an im- provised dry dock at Two Rivers, Nova Scotia, in the fall of 1890, and launched on the plan of an Atlantic liner’s launching. The largest rafts we now undertake are 300 feet long and weigh about 4,000 tons. The one we lost was 600 feet in length—longer than any liner. It weighed 10,000 tons. ‘When completed the structtre contained 25,000 sticks of spruce and pine timber, from 35 feet to 95 feet in length and a good quantity of beech, birch and maple, making a total of 4,500,000 feet of timber. The diameters of the logs ran from 12 to 35 inches at the butts, and from six to ten inches at the tips. At the time it was launched and ready to be towed the raft had cost us about $32,000 and the contract price for towing it to our Long Island yards was $3,500.” HINTS FOR THE SAW MILL. CLEAN and oil leather belts without taking them off their pulleys. If taken off they will shrink ; then a piece must be put into them and removed after the belt has run a few days. Look well to the bearings of your shaftings, engine and machines. Sometimes twenty-five, thirty, forty, and even fifty per cent. of your power is consumed through lack of good oil. Set an engine upon three or four movable points, as Connect with steam and ex- haust by means of rubber hose. upon three cannon balls. If the engine will run up to speed without moving itself back and forth, then that engine will run a long time without repair. If it shakes itself around the room then buy another engine. Safely moving a tall mill chimney has been accom- Chimneys which have been caused to lean slightly through settling of the foundation may be straightened up again by sawing out the mortar between courses of brick at the base. A chimney too ft. high and 12 ft. square at the base will be varied over 8 in. at the top by the removal of 1 in. at the base. plished several times. For leading steam joints, mix the red lead or litharge with common commercial glycerine instead of linseed oil. When you begin to fix up the mill for cold weather, don’t forget to put a steam trap in each and every steam pipe, which can be opened into the atmosphere for heat- ing purposes. In tubular boilers the hand holes should be often opened.. and all collections removed from over the fire. When boilers are fed in front and are blown off through ‘the - same pipe, the collections of mud or sediment in the rear end should be often removed. Nearly all smoke may be consumed without special ap- paratus by attending with a little common sense to a few simple rules. Suppose we have a battery of boilers and “soft coal’’.is the fuel. Go to the first boiler, shut the damper nearly up and fire up one half of the furnace, close the door, open damper, and go to the next boiler and repeat the firing. By this method nearly, if not quite, all the smoke will be consumed. ; A coiled spring inserted between engine and machinery is highly beneficial where extreme regularity of power is required. It is well known that a steam engine, in order to govern itself, must run too fast and too slow in order to close or open its valves, hence an irregularity of power is unavoidable. 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OCTOBER, 1896 MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York Lire INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LuMBERMAN Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the 1st day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance......-. $1.00 One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... 50 Foreign Subscriptions, $2.00 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION THE CANADA LUMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting free discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate zeport not only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr: “Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. ‘Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CanapA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to “WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous pos!- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce: gents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. —————————————————————— TO VISITING LUMBERMEN. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to use the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN as their own. We shall take pleasure in supplying them with every con- venience for receiving and answering their correspond- ence, and hold ourselves at their service in any other way they may desire. SPECIAL NUMBER OF “THE LUMBERMAN.” Tue November number of THE Canapa Lum- BERMAN will be a ‘‘ Special Number” as regards appearance, size, contents, and the number of copies to be printed. It will be attractive in ap- pearance, large in size, and will be in an unusual sense representative of the lumber and wood- working interests of every part of the Dominion. It is the intention to place a copy of this issue of Tue CANADA LUMBERMAN in the hands of every person in Canada who is known to be connected with the lumber and wood-working industry. Several hundred copies will also be mailed to buyers in foreign markets. Advertisers desirous of reaching the above mentioned constituency should write the publisher at once regarding space in this number. The opportunity to thor- oughly cover the field at a reasonable cost is one which no wide-a-wake advertiser should miss. OUR HARDWOOD SUPPLY. TueEreE is evidence of the fact that under the direction of Mr. Southworth, the Department of Forestry in connection with the Ontario Crown Lands Department will do a more valuable work in the future than in the past. Systematic methods of collecting and compiling information relating to the timber resources of the province are being adopted and put in operation, from which in the near future good results are likely to be seen. One direction in which the Department might ex- pend useful effort, would be in locating the dis- tricts in which hardwoods grow, and in col- lecting data regarding the extent of the available supply of each particular variety of hardwood. There exists at present an ill-defined idea that the province has a considerable supply of hardwood. Just where it is to be found, and where to look for a particular variety, are matters of the great- est uncertainty to lumber buyers both at home and abroad. Information on these points would be of the highest value, and will, we trust, be made available by the Forestry Department before many years shall have passed. Hardwoods are becoming increasingly valu- able, and if the extent and character of our re- sources were known, we should be in a position to estimate their present and future value. METHOD OF LOADING LUMBER ON CARS, Mucu ignorance and carelessness may fre- quently be observed in the manner in which lum- ber is loaded on cars. From this results loss and annoyance to both shippers and the railway Thirty thousand pounds is the mini- mum weight fixed by the railways for a car companies. of lumber. If the shipper permits his men to guess at the weight instead of arriving at it by some exact process, the cars will often be under- loaded, and a percentage of the money paid as freight charges will be thrown away. In the event of cars being subjected to an overload, as frequently happens where guesswork methods are employed, the stakes are liable to give way, causing damage and delay both to shipper and carrier. With the object of lessening the annoyance and loss arising from ignorant and careless load- ing, the Master Car Builders’ Association of the United States has formulated certain rules for loading, including tables showing the maximum height for loading different kinds of green lum- ber, based on the ordinary width of cars between stakes, of 8 feet 6 inches. Following is a digest of the general instructions as to loading :— 1. When two or more cars have to be used to carry a lading, the consignee and destination of all the material must be the same. When more than one car is used the lading must always be kept clear from the floors of the cars, whether a carrying car or an idler. Both cars carrying the load must be considered for the same capa- city as the one of lesser capacity. Flat cars must always be used for loading lumber too long for one car. On single cars or the extremes of a group of cars, the lading must not extend beyond the end sills. 2. If the lading consists of piles or telegraph poles or other round timber, they must rest on bearing pieces not less than 10 x 10 inches in section and be loaded with the butts and tops alternating, and if the lading occupies two or more cars, each tier must be separated by strips over the bearing pieces and must be well wrapped with wire around the middle and both ends to prevent the shifting, and in all cases there must be two pairs of stakes at each end of lading, and securely fastened. 3. Where the lading projects so as to necessitate the use of an idler, and there is sufficient material in one con- signment, another car may be loaded in reverse order and one idler serve for both cars, and the space between projecting ends may be utilized to load the idler with - short lumber ; but in all cases there must be at least two feet between the ends of such ladings. The lading of the idler must not exceed two-thirds its marked capacity. 4. Where the dimensions of bearing pieces are not otherwise specified, they must not be less than 8 x 8 inches in section, and extend the full width of car. They must never be placed between the bolster and the end of the car, but either between the bolsters or directly above them. When there is but one bearing piece it should not be less than 22 inches from the centre of bolster. 5. Where maximum weights are not specified in these instructions, the usual excess will be allowed. 6. All stakes must be sound, straight-grained lumber, free from knots (hardwood preferred), and of full size to fit stake pockets. Care must be taken to keep the stakes from spreading at top while cars are being loaded, and in no case must the load exceed the width of the car. 7. Opposite stakes must always be fastened together. In cases where the lumber is confined to one car and does not project beyond the end, the stakes should be secured at the tops, either with wire or boards. In cases where the load projects beyond the end of a car or is carried in two or more cars, the stakes must be secured at the tops with wire, but if the load exceeds three feet in height, the stakes must be secured at the middle with wire and at the tops with either wire or boards. The wire used should be equal to six strands or three wrappings of No. 8 telegraph wire, and the stakes must be notched to prevent the wire from slipping. When boards are used there must be two to each pair of stakes 1x4 inches in section, securely nailed to each side of the stakes with not less than two 10-penny nails on each side andend. When stakes are wired at the middle there should be a bearing piece across the lading of such size as to keep the ma- terial apart sufficiently to protect from injury by these wires. 8. All cars must be loaded so as to leave not less than 18 inches between ends of lumber and brake shaft, so that brakes will be operative—one brake for one or two cars and two brakes for three or five cars. THE RELATION OF THE CANADIAN LUMBER MANUFACTURER TO THE CANADIAN WHOLESALER, THERE has been a tendency of late, on the part of Canadian manufacturers of lumber and American buyers, to deal direct with each other, passing by altogether the Canadian whole- sale dealers. This tendency is naturally viewed with dissatisfaction by Canadian wholesale mer- chants, who claim that not only does it deprive them of business, but that no advantage results from it to the manufacturers. Canadian whole- salers advance a number of arguments to show that the manufacturer would better serve his own interest by disposing of his product through wholesale dealers in the home market. It is pointed out that the small manufacturer especially has but limited opportunity of finding out the character of the foreign buyer and of satisfying himself of his integrity and financial responsibility, and that consequently there is great danger that he may fall into the hands of unscrupulous and irresponsible men whose object it is to get possession of stock which they have no intention of paying for. The columns of the LuMBERMAN for several years past bear witness to the fact that this argument is not without founda- tion, as not a few of our lumber manufacturers have learned to their'cost. This much may be said without the inference being drawn that all or even the majority of foreign buyers are men of this de- scription. The difficulty is to steer clear of the ‘« sharks.” The Canadian wholesaler reminds us also of the fact that there is great diversity in the methods of classification of lumber as between Canada and the United States, and also as between one market and another in the United States, and that stock shipped without a very distinct understanding is liable to be culled to an extent which will greatly depreciate its value. In case of misunderstanding, as to grading, the manufacturer is likely to be put to a great deal of trouble, and stands to losea considerable proportion of the profit which he had counted on making on his consignment. The Canadian wholesaler argues that in view of OcTOBER, 1896 all these disadvantages and uncertainties, it would be to the interest of the smaller Canadian manu- facturers ot lumber, at least, to sell to the home buyer, whose responsibility they can easily ascer- tain, and who takes off their shoulders all respon- sibility as regards inspection, payment, etc. There is another point which should be men- tioned in this connection, which is, that Canadian wholesale dealers are constantly endeavoring to find openings in foreign markets for the sale of Canadian lumber, and it they are passed over and thus forced out of business, the advantage to the _ manufacturer of their efforts in this direction will cease. EDITORIAL NOTES. Tue brisk demand in Great Britain for Ameri- can lumber has developed a singular feature in connection with the spruce trade of the east. While some of the mills are engaged in sawing lumber for the New England and New York markets, United States mills on the Penobscot river have recently contracted to supply several million feet of spruce deals for the west coast of England, thus crossing on their way to Europe the shipments from Nova Scotia to United States markets. A guesTion which is said to be under consid- eration by the Dominion government is a reduction in the official staff of lumber cullers at the port of Quebec. omy as their motive, that it is not necessary to employ more than two or three cullers. On the other hand, a reduction of the staff would, it is claimed, result unsatisfactorily, inasmuch as pur- chasers of rafts or other stocks would be unable at times to obtain the services of official cullers, and would of necessity call in cullers of their own. The lumbermen naturally protest that their interests are safer under the present arrangement, and it is to be hoped that such influence will be brought to bear upon the gov- ernment as will remove any probability of a change. It is held by some, who claim econ- From information which has reached this office we are led to infer that the prices of lumber as published in the WEEKLY LUMBERMAN are not fully understood by some manufacturers, who claim that the quotations are too high. This matter has already been referred to, but a further explanation may assist the manufacturer to a clearer understanding. It should be borne in mind that the prices quoted are the wholesale selling prices at the points named, and the manufacturer, in estimating the figure he should receive for his stock, must deduct from the wholesale selling price as quoted the cost of freight from his mill to the wholesale market, together with the commission which the whole- sale dealer is entitled to receive. Thus it will be observed that some manufacturers are more advantageously situated than others to supply certain markets, owing to the difference in freight charges, and will consequently receive more for their stock at the mill. It would be impossible to publish anything like correct selling prices of lumber at the mills, consequently the only course is to furnish the mill man with the wholesale prices, and he must make his estimates accordingly. Further, the prices quoted are given as an average. It is not contended that lumber cannot be purchased in wholesale lots mae CAM ADA LUMBERMAN 7 below the figures named, neither would it be \ impossible to secure a higher price for a special grade. In the case of mill run this is strikingly manifest, especially at a time like the present when stocks at the mills are heavy. One manu- tacturer may be willing to dispose of his cut at a figure below ruling quotations, while another, whose stock is perhaps above the average, will hold out for an advance. A case was recently brought to our notice, where a dealer claimed he could secure the output of several mills at $9, and asserted that our prices were too high. Notwithstanding this, we claim that the average price paid for mill run is from $11 to $12. Taken as a whole, the prices are as _ nearly correct as it is possible to make them. Tue city of Montreal has announced its pur- pose to hold an International Exhibition in 1897 or the year following. Toronto also gives notice of its intention to hold a Dominion Exhibition next year. Toronto claims it was first in the field, and says it doesn’t want to undertake an International Exhibition, and asks Montreal to defer the larger enterprise for a year or two. Montreal replies that the holding of a Dominion Exhibition in Toronto next year would seriously impair the chances of an International Exhibition a year or two later. Both cities have applied to the Dominion and Provincial governments for aid. Both have admitted that without such aid they cannot hope to make their scheme a success. Therefore, the decision as to which of the enter- prises shall go forward at the present time would appear to rest with the government, unless, as we trust will be the case, a satisfactory arrange- ment can be reached between the representatives of the two cities. Tue past month has witnessed the destruction by fire of one of the largest and best equipped saw mills in Ontario, that of J. W. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls. The fire occurred dur- ing the afternoon, when the men were at work in the mill, but owing to a heavy gale their The box and shingle factory and planing mill were saved, together with the stock of lumber on hand. About three years ago the company leased the old R. S. Smith property at Fenelon Falls, and rebuilt the saw mill, placing therein efforts to save the building were fruitless. Since that time they have employed constantly from 200 to 250 hands, besides from 800 to 1,000 men On June roth last over 12,000,000 feet of lumber were destroyed by fire, but the loss was largely covered by insur- The destruction of their mills, however, the latest arid most improved machinery. every winter in the woods. ance. is particularly unfortunate, as a contract had recently been closed with an American firm for about thirty million feet of lumber, on which they were cutting. We have not yet learned their intention regarding rebuilding, but it is stated they may remove to another locality. Tue annual statement of the trade of the United Kingdom with foreign countries and British possessions during the year 1895 shows that Canada exported a considerable quantity of various classes of wood goods. The imports of hewn fir were 2,008,206 loads, of which 70,517 loads’ were from British possessions, Canada supplying 69,927 loads. France, Sweden, Russia, Norway, United States, Spain and Den- mark contributed in the order enumerated. Other hewn wood and timber from the British possessions were imported to the amount of 39,492 loads, and 45,089 loads from elsewhere. Imports of hewn oak were 90,232 loads from foreign countries, and 18,276 loads from Canada. Sweden supplied the largest quantity of sawn fir, the amount being 1,534,267 loads, followed by Russia, with 1,467,445 loads, and Canada, with 1,112,028 loads. The imports of sawn timber other than above named consisted of 135,560 loads, 38,626 loads being from Canada. A very small trade in staves from British North America is shown, being only 2,221 loads, while the total imports for the year from British possessions were 142,530 loads. Canada supplied 3,822 tons of furniture woods and hardwoods, while the total from the British possessions were 38,587 tons. A third of the supply of house frames, fittings and cabinet work was furnished by the United States. LUMBER MEASUREMENT IN GREAT BRITAIN. WE give below an explanation of some of the terms used in measuring lumber in Great Britain, which may prove useful to our readers : Retailers usually sell boards, battens, etc., by Log timber is usually sold by the cubic foot, while the wholesale trade usually sells boards, deals, etc., by the St. Petersburg standard. The standard deal contains six feet of 3 x 11, and 120 standard deals make one the square foot. standard, which is equal to 165 cubic feet, or 1,980 feet of American inch board measure. The British standard thus lacks only twenty feet, or one per cent., of being equal to 2,000 feet, 1,000 feet being the unit of value in all American and Canadian transactions. There is also what is called the Irish standard, which contains 3,240 feet, and this standard is Exporters should make a note of this, as under certain circumstances disputes sometimes used. might arise in shipping to certain ports, although it is not understood that the Irish standard is especially used in Ireland. The term ‘‘load” is often found in English A load equals fifty inch board measure. lumber market reports. cubic feet, or 600 feet Mahogany is sold by Liverpool, or broker’s sale measure, which allows a tare of from 25 to 33 per cent. The London rule does not allow quite so much tare. Mahogany is sold by the square foot, one inch thick. There are a lot of other things about the measurement of lumber in the English market it would be well for exporters to learn, before making shipments, unless they sell by American measurement, at so much per thousand feet in American money, at the mill or port of shipment. During the past ten or twelve years the plan- ing machine has been greatly improved, and other important machines also have been pushed along the road to perfection. In all the standard machines the defects have been weeded out gradually. The improvement can be best appre- ciated when one compares the wood-working ma- chines of 1896 with those of 1886, and, still better, with those of 1876. The workmen ot 1866, could they return to the shops of 1896, would find many machines and devices utterly strange to them. 8 THE CANADA LUMBAR iRiziy Ar A6 a OcTOBER, 1896 THE SCALER. HIS WOES AND TRIBULATIONS RELATED BY ONE OF THEM. ALL our readers who are in the lumber or log- ging business scarcely need an introduction to the scaler. Like the poor, he is always with them, albeit it may be that even to them his merits are unknown; though his sins of omission and commission are constantly in evidence; so much so, in fact, that they have come to regard the poor rule-bearer as a necessary evil, and not what he really is—an absolutely indispensable adjunct of the logging business. If our readers, in taking their walks abroad in the summer, hap- pen to take in any of the great saw mills, they will notice a lonely looking individual promenad- ing over the logs in the boom, stooping every now and then to measure the ends of them with an instrument like unto a vastly magnified shoe- maker’s foot-rule, and occasionally recording the result of his manipulations in a small book. The individual in question is the scaler. But ‘‘on the boom” he is enjoying an ‘‘otium cum dignitate,” so to speak. In the woods his real work is done, and he appears in all his glory— and, as his traducers say, does all his devilment. For in the scaler’s case is exem- plified the truth of the Good Book’s words anent the im- possibility of escaping cal- umny. He is generally re- garded as a clever rogue suborned by the ‘‘ big com- —who are generally , panies” unaware of his existence—to ‘do up” the guileless haul- er oflogs. It makes not the slightest difference that the log hauler aforesaid keeps the scaler ‘‘ guessing” all the time to prevent him from ‘‘doing up” somebody else ; he is firmly persuaded that the scaler only exists to work him woe, and he will doubtless continue in that frame of mind while the log hauling lasts. But the general slight esteem in which the scaler is held in the woods does not prevent his being treated with a fine outward show of re- spect, probably on the principle that certain sav- age tribes worship the evil spirit, as well as the good, to propitiate him ; that is, to the end that he may do them as little harm as his malevolent nature will permit. The ‘‘lumber jack,” that in- carnation of the glorious spirit of American inde- pendence, who refers to and addresses the heads of the Weyerhauser syndicate and the great Day Lumber Company as “‘ Fritz” and ‘‘Wes.,” as a general thing has no reverence for anything and human or divine, invariably addresses the scaler as Mister. That is to say, to his face he does. Behind his back he generally mentions the un- happy subordinate of Surveyor General Brown as “‘ the worst of the equally strong terms of endearment with on the river,” or in some which his vocabulary is so lavishly endowed. So much for the esteem in which the scaler is held by those his work brings him in contact with. Now let’s glance at the work in question and see how he goes about doing it. In brief and in simple, the scaler’s work consists in applying a Scribner’s log rule to the small end of every log landed —that is, hauled upon the ice—on his “route,” recording in his tally book the amount of lumber the rule allows for each log, minus such deduction as his experience shows him should be made for rot, crook, or other imperfection, enter- ing each log under its proper bark-mark and stamp, or end mark; keeping an accurate ac- count of all logs so scaled, for the foregoing is a perfect description of the operation known as ‘‘ scaling,” and rendering such accurate account of them to the parties interested and to the sur- veyor-general of logs and lumber of the district. Also, he is required to see that all logs are prop- erly bark-marked and stamped, refusing to scale all such as are not, and that every man hauling logs in his bailiwick gets due credit for all he hauls and no more or less. In short, he is re- quired to do equal justice to all without fear or favor, to the best of his ability. To the average reader the foregoing does not look like an appall- ingly hard job, does it? However, let him who A Hicu LANDING. thinketh it a ‘‘ snap” cast his eye over the artist’s work shown in the picture appearing herewith. That conglomerated mass of confusion, gentle reader, is a ‘‘landing.” It ought to be called a dumping of logs. The woe-begone looking man at the top there isa scaler. Naturally you would like to know why his classic features wear an ex- pression so much akin to that of ‘‘ the little boy that God made,” and I'll tell you. In that heap of logs of all lengths he must work all day, scal- ing each one according to its length, keeping the Norway separate from the white pine logs, doing his ‘‘ level best” to get an accurate count of the That last he must do at all hazards, for his instructions positively forbid his taking the count kept by the hauler of the logs ; long experience having proven that the number of logs in the mass. hauler’s count, as a general thing, is not at all akin to Cesar’s wife, and he is well aware that when he goes into the camp at night and givesa scale bill, that is to say, an account of the num- ber of logs and amount of feet of lumber that this mess contains, to the foreman, he is sure to have ‘‘a growl” with that worthy and to. be forced to listen with what patience he may, to divers invidious reflections upon his capability and integrity, and sundry heart-felt devotings of ‘himself to the infernal gods. He is also thor- oughly well aware that the foreman will confront him with a count of the logs in the pile before him far in excess of the number he will be able to account for, strive as he may. He also knows that all the defective logs will be well at the bot- tom of the pile, where he can’t see them, and yet he is under oath to do even and exact justice without fear or favor between buyer and seller. And how does he manage to do it? Do it he certainly does, or at least a remarkably close ap- proximation to it. If he did not he would not hold his job very long ; but how he does it is a secret between him and his Maker, which secret, having acquired it with infinite pains and labor, I shall not divulge. He works as long as hecan see the figures on his rule and then takes himself to the camp, certain of food and shelter, and too well used to the inevitable row awaiting him to dread it. Arrived at the camp, he is wise enough to get his dinner before he foots up his day’s work, and thus postpones the inevitable ‘‘chewing of the rag” as long as possible. When it can no longer be avoided, he does his share of the masticatory process as good-humoredly as possible, but when crowded too much he simply asserts his dignity as the great ‘‘I Am” of the woods, informs all and sundry that his decision is final; that right or wrong, it ‘‘ goes,” and that fact having been es- tablished, he is generally able to dwell in what may be termed armed neutrality for the rest of the winter. It sometimes happens, however, that the scaler, most peaceful of mortals though he naturally is, is forced to maintain his dig- nity ‘‘viet armis,” and in that case thrice lucky is he if in addition to ‘having his quarrel just,” he can manage to also “‘get his blow in fust.” It was once the fortune of the present scribe to incur the wrath of a herculean foreman, who modestly referred to himself as ““the best man on the river,” and who swore that ‘‘if the next scale didn’t suit him he would break the scaler in two.” As the wrathy gentle- man in question had already broken one man’s jaw, bitten off the nose of another, and otherwise mutilated several others, it was a fair presumption that he would at least attempt to keep his word in my case. But the danger had to be faced, be the outcome what might ; so taking my courage in my hand and a Smith & Wesson ‘‘38” in the side pocket of my coat, I went to meet it. My prospective breaker was at the landing waiting for me, and wearing an appearance of mingled joy and ferocity, as if he scented the battle anear and exulted in itscertain outcome. To my polite inquiries as to the state of his health he conde- scended to growl out the alarming information ‘‘that it wasa d sight better’n mine was goin’ to be if I robbed him this time ;” and that ‘the quicker I got to work the sooner I’d find out all about it.” Well, I made up my mind to cow that man or kill him, one or the other, and went to work on his logs, scaling them as fairly . ene haw ee? ae eee OcTOBER, 1896 as I knew how, and yet as closely as justice would allow. When I finished the work and footed up the result, I called him to me and asked him if he still intended ‘‘to break me in two,” if the result of my work displeased him, to which question he promptly returned a prompt and profane answer in the affirmative. I then proceeded to make outa scale bill for him. Now the manner of a scale bill as used in the woods is this : ‘ Feb. 9,/'95- John Jawbreaker’s Logs. DP Suman aeeiare Dod Lc Logs Feet. 1,470 147,810 Cre: CuTEMHARD, Deputy. This bill I wrote out on a ‘‘scratch block,” such as all scalers are provided with, and as my belligerent friend advanced to take it I tore the leaf off with one hand, whipped out my ‘‘ gun” with the other, rolled the bill into a spill, thrust it into the barrell of the ‘‘ gun,” and holding the latter six inches from his countenance asked him how it suited him. You never saw a man so well pleased with a scale in your life. And I never had any more ‘“‘kicking” from him. Ur- banity as a general thing pays in the woods, as elsewhere, but there are occasions when a little abruptness has a great deal of saving grace about it. But if a foreman can’t bulldoze the scaler he has still at his command a beautifully efficient means of ‘‘ getting even,” so to speak, with that unfortunate dispenser of justice. A lumber camp is the one perfect democracy of earth, and if the White Czar or Czar Reed, for that matter, passed the night in one, he’d be compelled to sleep with some lumber jack or other, according to the assignment made by the foreman, or his executive officer, the ‘‘cookee.” Now a deep- rooted prejudice exists in every well regulated lumber camp against sleeping with the scaler, and truth to tell, more can be said in its favor than in that of most prejudices. As it was tersely put by my good friend Fred Bonness, the dislike to the scaler’s nocturnal comradeship is this : ‘‘You see,” said Fred, ‘‘the dashed blank tramp has to work every day, and Sunday, too, and of course he has no time to boil his clothes, so as a matter of course, he’s lousier than a pet coon, and no white man wants to sleep with him.” Such being the case—and candor compels me to own that Fred’s remarks contain more truth than poetry—the scaler is invariably assigned to sleep with some gentleman noted for lack of per- sonal cleanliness, and success in the raising of the product known to science as ‘ pediculus humanus.” It will readily be seen that the scaler, having to sleep in a different camp every night, is certain to carry away from each one more than he brought to it, and to become a walking terror to himself and to everyone else before spring puts an end to his woodland miseries. But his work is not at all like the prize puzzle shown in the picture of the high landing. Occasionally he strikes an oasis in the desert. A scaler has no Sundays ; he must work every day or his work will ‘‘ get ahead of him” to such an extent that he can never catch up. bear with the abuse, covert or open, of everyone he has to deal with, and ‘‘turn the other cheek,” as lorg as flesh and blood can stand doing so. He must be constantly on the watch for every possible scheme to beat him. He must be ab- He must THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 9 solutely bribe proof, perfectly unscarable and as ‘“sandy” as a bull dog. He must be able to work all day, and every day, regardless of the weather, and if he is, as he is generally called, ‘©a crank,” he is a crank which saves a vast amount of friction to the rest of the machinery of the logging world. On the regular routes where logging is done by men who are regularly engaged in the busi- ness, and nothing else, the scaler’s lot, like the policeman’s, is there verse of happy. But on the ‘“moss-back route,” that is to say on a route where the logs are hauled by farmers, may God be good to him, for man’s sympathy cuts no figure. To say that the average farmer holds the average scaler a thief is stating the case very mildly indeed. I would like to put on record the average scaler’s opinion of the farmer—consid- ered as a log hauler—but the English language won’t do it. In the first place the farmer will never do to-day what he can put off till to-morrow, and per consequence never gets his logs stamped till the scaler has been forced to make at least three vain visits to his landing. And the guileless agriculturalist—particularly if engaged in making mistakes in the matter of section-lines—is extremely suspicious, and will seldom direct the scaler to the landings in his neighborhood, unless he is personally acquainted with the scaler, and knows he is a scaler, and not that nemisis of the woods commonly called a ‘‘cruiser.” Hence it follows that a new man on the moss-back route has the pleasure of always discovering that he has left several land- ings behind him, on every trip he makes over it. And there is always the extreme friction existing between the farmer and the scaler as to the num- ber of logs the former has landed ; as to the proper number of feet the logs contain, there never was, and never will be, an agreement, the granger always ‘‘ knowing that the scaler has beat him out of at least fifty,” and perfectly cer- tain that he (the scaler) has been paid for doing so. Give him his own count and he won’t be satis- fied, as witness one I had the pleasure of ‘‘ fore- gathering” with last winter. That gentleman told me he had something more than 800 logs on the ice, that if I did not believe him (I knew per- fectly well he was lying), that he would swear to it, and that he wanted them all scaled, or there would be trouble. ing, and before I was one quarter through, I saw plainly that there would be but little more than 700. SoImade up my mind to give the tarmer all he claimed, and see what the result would be. So I began ‘‘splitting” logs, that is, putting down the amount contained in each log, as two logs, as for instance, one 80 ft. log as two 40 ft. logs, and when I had scaled the whole lot I had record of 807, or 7 logs more than he claimed. And still he was not happy. He had tried to cheat me on the count, had ap- parently succeeded, and yet he had gotten the worst of the deal, and he don’t know to this day how it came about, but he never fails to refer to me as ‘‘ the slickest thief he ever saw.” Add to the other miseries of the moss-back route, the fact that the landings are always 3 or 4 miles from any house, and that the unfortunate con- demned to expiate his sins by travelling it must regard eating, sleeping and resting as to be in- dulged in on the instalment plan, if at all; that I went to work on the land- the inhabitants look on him as an agent of the ‘‘lumber ring,” sent out for the sole pur- pose of their spoilation, and that all of them are in league to ‘‘ beat,” mislead, bully if possible, and abuse in any event, the poor devil whose only crime is that he stands between them and the great log-buyers, seeing that they are paid for all they haul—but also seeing that they haul all they are paid for—and in sober truth is the best friend they have. He would have to be more, or less than human, did he not return the affection of the inhabitants of his bailiwack, with interest. Taking the scaler’s winter life alto- gether, it may be said that on a regular route it is tough, but so is the scaler, and he can stand it. On the ‘‘Moss-back” route, well, I don’t know any better description of that than ‘‘Jimmy” Monroe’s : ‘It’s pure hell,” said ‘‘Jimmy,” and he’d been there often, (over the moss-back route, I mean.) The scaler who works it, and asks for another chance, would out-tough Joey Bagstock, of im- mortal memory, but as yet has not been discov- ered, and if he ever is Charlie Sinclair will have him framed.—C. C. Kelly, in Mississippi Valley Lumberman. THE MILTON PULP COMPANY. Two and one-half miles from Milton proper, but still in the parish of Milton, and five miles from Liverpool, N. S., are the mills of the Milton Pulp Company, the principal owners of which are A. G. Jones & Co., of Halifax, and the manager of which is Mr. Hughes, formerly of that city. In the manufacture of the pulp spruce is exclusively used and there is an unlimited supply. The logs are rafted down the stream and pass through an artificial canal several hundred yards to a slide that takes them right into the mill. are sawed in lengths of about two feet, the bark Here they peeled thoroughly and then placed in large cylin- ders, where they are ground into pulp by stone grinders. The next process is straining, and then the pulp goes to the presses, where it comes out in great sheets. These are torn off in strips of about 20 pounds, folded in squares of about 18 inches and sent in piles to an hydraulic press, where the water is squeezed out ; then it is packed in bales of 200 pounds each and is ready for shipment. In the mill about 40 men are employed and about 4o tons of pulp are turned out every day. The motive power is water and the power 1,500 horse. Everything about the mill is modern; the hydraulic press is new and of tremendous strength. The pulp is carted to Milton Landing and Liverpool and shipped to Boston and New York by vessel. Here it brings $25 a ton, and is soon converted into printing paper for the great met- ropolitan dailies. It used to realize $60 a ton, but with the expansion of the industry the price rapidly came down. The construction of an electric road from Liverpool through Milton to the mills is just being commenced. It will do away with the five mile haul from the works to the seaboard, and will also be a great convenience for ordinary and passenger traffic. The pulp manufacrory means a good deal to Liverpool, Milton and the surrounding country. The French River Boom Company have finished the season’s work at French River, Ont. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ‘¢] OBSERVE that you act as Canadian corres- pondent to the Chicago Timberman,” remarked a gentlemen to me the other day. him that such was not the case, and enquired how he had arrived at such a_ conclusion. “Why,” said he, ‘‘I have noticed that the Canadian correspondence in the Timberman con- sists almost entirely of matter which has pre- viously appeared in THE CANADA LUMBERMAN.” In the light of the above conversation, it does not require the aid of a microscope to discover “the source from which our Chicago contempor- ary’s Canadian correspondent draws his inspira- I assured tion. PS eee Down in Haliburton tamarack and balsam in abundance. of some of this timber dropped in on me during fair week, and asked if there was any demand for the product of such timber, and why it wasn’t quoted in THE LUMBERMAN’S prices current. The tamarack, he said, would produce lumber county there grows The owner from 10 to 20 inches wide, equal in strength to hemlock, of better color, and capable of better finish. but of great length, should cut up satisfactorily My answer was that balsam The balsam, which was of less diameter, into scantlings. and tamarack are only to be found in certain localities, and while abundant in a few places, the quantity generally available was probably too small to warrant dealers in handling the ma- terial. This opinion seemed to be borne out by a remark which my enquirer let fall during the conversation, viz., that although brought up on a bush farm, he had never seen a balsam tree prior to going to the county of Haliburton. He believes, however, that as pine and hemlock become more scarce, there will arise a demand for such woods as tamarack and balsam as sub- stitutes, which opinion I doubt not is well founded. * * * THE worthy representative of Nipissing district in the Dominion parliament is Mr. James B. Klock, who, with his brother, Robert A., com- prise the lumber firm of R. H. Klock & Co., with head office at Klock’s Mills. A visit to Toronto a few days ago afforded ‘‘Eli” an opportunity of meeting Mr. Klock, who was en route to Montreal and Quebec. He informs me that while the United States market was never, perhaps, more depressed, the export trade from Canada, some of which is done through United States houses, is steadily improving. His firm are taking out a little square timber, and he thinks as a whole the quantity of square timber taken out this winter will probably be greater than last year, owing to the fact that the weak demand for lumber is causing some opera- tors to turn their attention to timber. The change, however, is not a wise one, as it may result in over-stocking the British market. Regarding the extent of the season’s operations in the woods, Mr. Klock is of the opinion that they may be slightly curtailed, but this will not result in a reduction in the lumber output should the market improve, as many manufacturers in the Ottawa valley have a number of logs left over from this season. * * * FRom surveys made from time to time by the Geological Survey at Ottawa, the statement has been made by Dr. Bell and others that there are to be found in the northern part of Ontario and Quebec large tracks of heavily timbered land, spruce predominating to a large extent. These reports have been questioned by some, who, probably, have given the matter little or no attention. When in the office of the Clerk of Forestry at Toronto the other day, I was shown two samples of timber which had been brought from the head of Lake Temiscamingue, one of cedar and the other of spruce. The diameter of the cedar was over two feet and of the spruce about eighteen inches. Heretofore it has been generally believed that about six or seven inches was the extent of the growth of the trees in that district, but this theory is now shown to be an erroneous one. No doubt it will be similarly shown that much unexplored country in the northern part of Ontario and Quebec possesses valuable timber, which, if properly conserved, will prove a perpetual source of revenue to the government. As the use of the logging railway becomes more general, with the consequent cheapening in the cost of construction thereof, sections of country which hitherto have remained unexplored will be under tribute to the lumber- man. The system of floating logs down streams has already been abandoned in some sections in favor of the logging railway. * * * A.tHoucH Algonquin Park was set apart by the Ontario government as a reserve, and con- tains upwards of one million acres, little is as yet known of its character by the general public. Mr. Thomas Southworth, Clerk of Forestry, returned from a visit to the park early last month. He informs me that lumbering opera- tions are being actively carried on, and one of the largest manufacturers is reported to have contracted for his entire cut of deals next season. The operations in the woods this winter, he thinks, will be on an extensive scale. ‘‘One who has not visited the park,” said Mr. South- worth, ‘‘has little idea of its magnitude and The density of its forests is remarkable, and the only means of travel is by To attempt to travel through the woods is useless, and even in the winter time, when the snow is deep, the axe has to be brought into use before a toboggan can be taken through. It is estimated that 25 per cent. of the total area is water. All the licenses except one, which was granted many years ago, are for cutting the pine only, but there is considerable hardwood which will require to be cut at an early date. forest wealth. the numerous lakes and rivers. In my opinion it is a waste of wealth to allow timber to stand for years after maturity. The Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway is now completed to park headquarters, and affords splendlid facilities for lumbermen.”” In speaking of the question of reforestation, Mr. Southworth remarked that the belief that the clearance of pine was always followed by a growth of other varieties was somewhat erroneous. On a tract of pine land in OCTOBER, 1896 the park which had been burned over, the small pine were to be seen growing between the birch and poplar, which clearly indicated that the pine seeds had not been altogether destroyed. He believed that under a proper system of forest preservation, by which fires would be prohibited, that pine would be succeeded by pine. The fact that pine was followed by a growth of other varieties was due to the destruction of the pine seeds by fire. The light seeds of other timber, which may be carried long distances by the wind, naturally take their place. The growth of the pine tree during the first ten years is very slow, but after a time it gradually outgrows the other varieties. * * * A Ha.irax architect with whom I had a con- versation recently informs me that it is no longer possible to obtain in Nova Scotia clear native pine for interior finish, the supply having become exhausted. Such pine as is now obtainable must be puttied and painted to make a present- able appearance. Such clear pine as is used is brought from Ontario, but owing to the distance it has to be carried, very little is imported. White wood, imported from the neighboring States, is chiefly employed as a substitute, but of course is not equal in quality. Most of the more pretentious buildings are now constructed of brick, and those of low cost of wood. The latter are shingled on the sides as well as the roof. The climate will not admit of the use of clap-boards. The moisture from the foggy at- mosphere, followed by the heat of the sun’s rays, causes the clap-boards to warp and split. The method was tried of boring out the centre of the log and sawing the boards diagonally to the centre, but even boards cut in this manner suc- cumbed to the influence of the weather. Cedar shingles for roofing and siding are imported from Bangor, Maine, at a cost of from five to six dollars per thousand. The shingles are held in place by heavily galvanized nails, and when properly put on are said to have a life of about twenty-five years. It is not possible in this climate to use galvanized sheet iron for exterior cornices and ornamentation in the manner so common in Ontario. Stone, copper, and such like durable material, must be employed. While the cost of building is thus necessarily increased, there is less incentive to the dishonest use of materials. TO MEND A CIRCULAR SAW, Drill a one-fourth inch hole at the lower end of the crank, but do not countersink or rivet. Then drill a one-fourth inch hole one-half inch from the top through the crank, and countersink to center from both sides. Make a rivet that fits the sole slack, about twice as long as the saw is thick. File the ends true, then upset rivet by striking square on the end, holding the saw a little up from the face of the anvil. Then turn the saw over and upset from the other end. After upsetting so that it fills the hole plate out to fill countersink and finish smooth by filing or grinding. I have mended several in this way and never had any of them give away. One that I mended had a large piece broken out of it, © afterwards spoiling the saw, but did not start tne old crack. When the saw wears down nearly to the rivet drive out the rivet and put another lower down, ~are ee Sees, eae Yd Z - »* nag WEEKLY F DITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages } $1.00 per veaR {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. ADA |UMBERMAN Wor. II. (CANADA [,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY C. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New York Lire InsuRANCE BUILDING, MontRrREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliable and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber produccs at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 2o-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. &@ Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to call at the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. We shall have pleasure in giving them any information desired. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of rs cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and is set in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o’clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week’s issue. FOR SALE. OUR OR FIVE CARS 3-INCH DRY SPRUCE. Tue Wuacey Lumser Co., Huntsville, Ont. FOR SALE. EDAR SHINGLES, POSTS AND TIES. AP- ply to Harrison & Hawke, Shallow Lake, Ont. FOR SALE. BOUT ONE MILLION WHITE PINE 16 IN. Shingles. : Box 10, GRAVENHURST, ONT. WANTED. ‘Gyn TO FIVE CARS OF 2%" COMMON AND No. rand 2 Soft Elm. Send list, with price de- livered on cars at Buffalo. Burraio Harpwoop Lumper Co., 940 Elk St., Buffalo, N. Y. FOR SALE. FIFTEEN YEARS’ LEASE OF WATER- power saw mill, house and stable for sale or to rent by the year. For particulars apply to Mrs. JANE Srark, Box 227, Owen Sound, Ont _ FOR SALE. FT. DRY HEMLOCK LUMBER, 300,00 rinch, 6toxr2in. wide, ro to 16 ft. long, also 2 inch, 4% zo in. wide, ro to 20 ft. long, and a quantity of 4 ft. hard and soft wood slabs, Will sell ia bump or by car lots. Apply to J. Jackson & Son, ¢ ~ Hepworth, Ont. FOR SALE. TEAM SAW MILL FOR SALE, WITH shingle and lath machinery, planer and chopping mill iu connection; dwelling house, stables, and ro acres ofland. 100 acres heavily timbered land to be sold in connection with mill. Mull situated on good stream for driving. For full particulars apply to __Ricuarp Locxsart, Riversdale P. O., Ont. TORONTO, ONT., SEPTEMBER 30, 1896 No. 39. NORTGAGE SALE OF VALUABLE STOCK OF LUMBER Tenders will be received by the undersigned up to Friday, October 2nd, 1896, for the purchase of ab ut 1,613,194 feet White Pine Lumber, and about 116,320 feet Red Pine Lumber, and 664,500 pieces Lath, at the Biscotasing mills, on the Canadian Pacific Railway, District of Algoma. This lumber is the cut of 1895, is well put up and in good shipping order ; 75 per cent. is r¢-ft. lumber, and is all cut good and p'ump, suitable for the American market, and guaranteed first-class. Offers will be received for the same in lots of 1,009 feet and over. Apply for particulars to JOHN McDONALD, or to G. H. HOPKINS, Vendor's Solicitor, Lindsay, Ont. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO. The volume of trade secured by lumber dealers during the month of September has not been large, yet it shows a satis- factory increase over the previous month, which was one of extreme quietness. Re- covery from the inactivity of the summer months promises to be slow, burdened by the uncertainty of the result of the Presi- dential election in the United States and its consequent effect upon the national currency. The report comes from the western part of the province that mills have closed down owing to the inability of manufacturers to obtain payment for lumber shipped to the United States in anything but American money. They have resolved to remain inoperative until the election is over. The Ottawa valley mills will close down early in October, having sufficient lumber on hand to supply the demand for some time. A number of barges used in carrying lumber have gone into their winter quarters owing to the dullness in shipping. Prices of lumber remain unchanged, and manufacturers who are in a position to hold their stock are making no effort to effect sales at the present low values. Others are obliged to accept the figures in order to secure funds to conduct logging operations. The better grades of pine are in short supply, and yalues indicate an upward tendency. For the lower grades there is little or no demand. In hardwoods birch and oak are in fair request. Indications point to very light operations in the woods this winter. It 1s probable that operations in the Ottawa valley will be about equal to those of last year, but in the Georgian Bay district a large curtail- ment promises to be made. A number of Ontario manufacturers will not operate at all, while several Michigan firms holding limits in Canada have a large quantity of logs on hand, and will do very little in the woods this wimter. Inthe Spanish river district it is said that jobbers are being paid bonuses not to put in the amount contracted for. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. The demand in Great Britain for spruce lumber has been the salvation of the lum- ber trade in Quebec and New Brunswick. Local trade, as well as that of the United States, 1s devoid of activity, and the pur- chases therefor have but a slight bearing upon the market. For the British market the mills are cutting vigorously, many of them running day and night, and still be- ing behind withorders. Itis not expected that prices will weaken this season. On the other hand, if the election in the United States is favorable to sound money, an ad- vance in mill prices will probably occur. Freight rates contiue to rise, recent charters being made at a further advance. Owners of vessels are experiencing a de- mand for cotton and grain tonnage, which has made it difficult to secure steamers for lumber. The winter’s operations in the woods promise to be on a large scale, and the input of logs will perhaps be in excess of that of last season. The low price of lumbermen’s supplies is assisting in this direction. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. The lumber trade of British Columbia continues to be of satisfactory volume, and most of the mills are working to their full capacity. The Royal City Mills, of New Westminster, shipped last week six car- loads of bridge timbers to eastern markets, besides filling local orders, including lum- ber for the Delta dyke. The Brunette Saw Mill Company also shipped five single car-loads and two double loads to the eastern provinces. The salmon in- dustry is consuming large quantities of boxes, while several orders have been re- ceived from the Northwest for butter and fish boxes. In Manitoba the movement of the new grain crop has created some demand for lumber, while retail dealers are purchasing lightly for stocking-up purposes. i UNITED STATES. The developments of the past week have clearly indicated that trade is im- proving, although as yet it has not reached any volume. The fall demand has com- menced, and as the date of the Presidential election draws nearer, confidence in the result is becoming more marked. Among the encouraging features to note are a greater movement of lumber at Minne- apolis and Duluth, an increase in ship- ments from Chicago during September as compared with the previous month, and a stronger market in the east. It has now become recognized that prices have reached their lowest point, and as this be- lief becomes more general it is sure to re- sult in purchases being made both for re- quirements and for speculative purposes. One cause which is restricting the devel- opment of the speculative trade is the po- sition which the banks have assumed, it being almost impossible to obtain ad- vances necessary to purchase any quantity of stock. A factor which is influencing the movement of lumber is the advances which have taken place in the prices of grain, which indicate a return of com- mercial prosperity. At northern pine centres the volume of trade has increased, while dealers are holding their stock with more firmness, and are not disposing of their lumber unless they secure the prices asked. The first of October has witnessed the shutting down of a large number of the mills, and the quantity manufactured until the close of the season will be very smal]. Little interest has been manifested in logging operations, and from nearly every point the report comes to hand that the input of logs will be greatly restricted. Manufacturers are apparently recognizing the fact that a reduction in the quantity of lumber placed upon the market is an im- portant factor in improving the trade. Buffalo and Tonawanda wholesale At dealers are purchasing quite liberally, but are confining their trade to first-class stock, for which it is always possible to find ready sale. matters are a liftle easier, and spruce holds a satisfactory position. Plain red oak is the leader among the hardwoods, chestnut and poplar being also in some request. also announced. FOREIGN. The embarrassment of the large import- ing firm of Holme, Wainright & Co,, Liverpool, Eng., has somewhat unsettled business at that port. Itis the one sub- ject of general conversation, as the firm were thought to be one of the strongest in the business. Notwithstanding the dis- turbance, however, the market keeps firm, and a fair business is reported. The In New York money — A better movement in maple is — greater portion of cargoes arriving arego- ing direct into consumption, and the state of trade is considered most healthy. ports at that port have not slackened off although they are not excessive. Ima Thess spruce market continues to improve at — most ports, in view of the advancing — freight rates, which are restricting the quantity imported. While 37s. 6d. ruled early in the season, 55s. is now asked. — The demand for pitch pine is one of the “er If. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. chief features of the trade. There is no difficulty in disposing of the stock at good prices. Battens are also firmer, and as the seascn advances the supply becomes shorter. At Foy, Morgan & Co.’s sale at London, Eng., pine deals sold well, while Quebec spruce also brought a fair figure. Birch timber sold somewhat low, owing to a large supply on the market. During the past season the shippers have to a large extent controlled the market. This has been brought about by the fact that the largely increased consumption of wood goods in Europe has removed the likeli- hood of any overstock. Whether these conditions will prevail next season is a matter of conjecture, but those who are familiar with the trade venture the asser- tion that the spring trade will at least be characterized by abrisk movement. After a period of depression the South African market shows signs of improvement. STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. S. A. Marks will take out 25,000 cords = pulp wood this winter near Thessalon, nt. J. R. Booth, of Ottawa, sent a large force of men to his Kippewa limits last week. It is stated that the Ontario Lumber Co., of French river, Ont., will not operate in the woods this winter. The stranded portion of the corporation drive, consisting of 4,000,000 feet, has reached Fredericton, N. B. The Blind River Lumber Co., of Blind River, Ont., report the sale of their cut of birch and pine, log run, at $13 and $12.50 respectively. The bark City of Adelaide sailed from the Brunette Saw Mills, New Westminster, B. C., last week, with 690,000 cubic feet of lumber. She is bound for Melbourne, Australia. _ The bark Glenafton has finished load- ing lumber at Weymouth, N. S., for Buenos Ayres. The bark Argentina will shortly sail for the same port with a cargo of lumber. _ The lumber operators on the Miramichi river, N. B., are completing their camps for the woods. It is estimated that this winter's cut will be about the same as last year. Some fifteen or sixteen million logs cut last year are still hung up. Wm. Long, lumber operator, of Lincoln, Minnesota, is said to have made a deal with Hughes & Co., of Brandon, Man., to handle two and a halt million feet of his lumber. Mr. Long states that monetary matters are so unsettled on the other side that they do not want to let their capital out till the political atmosphere is cleared, and hence the entry of his lumber into Manitoba. FOREIGN. McArthur & Co., of Cheboygan, Mich., have sold 400,000 feet of white pine lum- ber to the Eastern Lumber Co., of Tona- wanda. A raft of 4,500,000 feet, belonging to S. K. Eddy & Sons, Saginaw, Mich., went ashore off Au Sable, but the logs were nearly all recovered. Cedar shingles have advanced ten cents a thousand in Michigan. The stock of cedar is short, and manufacturers antici- pate an advance of 50 cents before the close of the season. The shipments from Alpena, Mich., so far this season have been as follows: Lumber, 61,344,650 ft.; shingles, 4,320,- ooo ; lath, 2,290,000 pieces ; cedar, 612,- 721 pieces. A correspondent of the Northwestern Lumberman estimates that the quantity of logs taken out this winter in the Georgian Bay district by Michigan operators will be 300,000,000 feet less than the output last winter. The season of log rafting has closed. Nearly 100,000,000 feet of Canadian logs intended for Michigan mills have been held back in Canadian waters, while a large quantity are stored in Michigan until next season. The Holland & Emery Lumber Com- pany last week sent 10,000,000 feet of lumber from East Tawas to Tonawanda, where it will be piled conveniently for shipping should trade improve. The Wis- consin Lumber Co. are also piling 12,000,- ooo feet at the same place. At the last auction sale of Foy, Morgan & Co., London, Eng., Canadian goods sold as follows: Per steamer ‘‘Merrimac,” from Quebec—12x3x7/9 Ist pine, £15. Per steamer “‘ Montezuma,” from Quebec —12/16x3x1I and up Ist pine, £21 535.; 12/16x3x7/Io Ist pine, £15 15s.; 12/16x3x 4/6 Ist pine, £12; 9/11x3x7/18 Ist pine, £16 155.3; 9/11x3x4/6 Ist pine, £12; 12/13x3x12/18 2nd pine, 415; 12/16x3xII 2nd pine, £15 5s. Per steamer “Ausgar,” from Metis—14x3xII spruce, £6; 14x3x II spruce, £6; 12/13x3x11 spruce, £51 7s. 6d.; 10x3xII spruce, £6. A LIVERPOOL FAILURE. In our last issne brief mention was made of the reported financial embarrassment of Holme, Wainwright & Co., timber importers, Liver- pool, Eng. This report has since been con- firmed. The firm were, perhaps, the largest importers of wood goods in Liverpool, and handled a large quantity of Canadian goods. They were generally believed to be financially strong, consequently the news of their troubles was received with surprise both in England and Canada. It is reported that the present difficulties have been brought about by the ac- tion of Mr. Holme in investing heavily in cot- ton. A statement of the liabilities shows that a Quebec firm is the heaviest creditor, being in- terested to the extent of £55,000. It is be- lieved, however, that the creditors will be able to sustain their losses. A statement of the li- abilities is as follows : W. & J Sharples & Co., Quebec ......... 455,000 Farnworth & Jardine, Liverpool.......... 30,000 R. Coltart & Co., Liverpool.............. 10,000 Price & Pierce, London.................... 10,000 Kingbros | Ouebec.|.(. esa stance sist iy DED J. Smith & Bro., Liverpool............... 5,000 R. R. Dobell & Co., Quebec.............. 5,000 Price & Pierce, London..........-+.+0005 5,000 A. F. & D. Mackay, Liverpool........... 4,500 A. Dobell & Co., Liverpool.............. 2,500 Duncan, Ewing & Co., Liverpool......... 2,400 D Roberts, Son & Co., Ltd., Liverpool... 600 Lumley, Lloyd & Co., Liverpool..... .... 500 Foy, Morgan & Co., London............. 180 At a meeting of creditors a few days ago, an offer of settlement of 12s. 6d. was made, which was accepted by a majority of the creditors present. a LUMBERMAN’S INSPECTION BOOK, Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps fora copy of the LUMBERMAN’s VEST-POCKET INSPECTION BOOK, containing rules for the inspection of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Do You Use Mahogany? If so don’t buy until you have seen or inquired about our now famous . . | TABASCO MAHOGANY | Finest figured wood on the market ; is hard and takes elegant finish. Brings high- est prices in Europe, but we sell here about same prices as ordinary mahogany. Specially adapted for fine cabinet and interior finish : : LAWRENOF & WIGGIN Importers and Manufacturers . . BOSTON, MASS. COOPERAGE CONDITIONS. There has been a rise in price of both staves, hoops and heading, and stock is ad- vancing all the time, and is likely to go much higher. The flour barrel trade is also picking up, ard in the Northwest for the month of August the sales increased 8,000 barrels. Coopers are now beginning to inquire for stock and are purchasing freely, both for flour, cement, apples and, in fact, alllines. It would be very difficult, indeed, to say what the ad- vance has been on each article, but we nay say that for prompt shipment coopers are willing to pay any reasonable price for apple barrel stock that is asked by the manufactur- ers. The flour barrel coopers are also begin- ning to awaken to the fact that stock is going to be very much higher, and are now laying in stocks of dry flour barrel staves while they can get a chance. The following are about the current quota- tions, f.o.b. cars: No. 1 28% or 30-inch jointed elm staves, $6 to $6.25 per net M.; No. 1 28%-inch jointed apple barrel staves, $5.56 to $5.75 per net M.; No. 2 28}4-inch jointed elm staves, $4.75 to $5 per net M.; No. 1 534-feet patent coiled hoops, $6.25 to $6.50 per net M.; No. 1 6-feet patent coiled hoops, $6.75 to $7 per net M.; mill run £7-inch kiln-dried basswood heading,. 44% to 4% cents per set; No. 1 17%-inch kiln- dried basswood heading, 434 to 434 cents per set. AS TO ADVERTISING. A man does not have to get his head very far above the sea of mediocrity to command attention. Nine cases in ten, when a man says that advertising does not pay, he has ar- rived at this conclusion because he has ex- pected the newspaper to do it all. If he were to neglect his show window and his store front as he neglects his advertising space, he would have still other complaints to make about business in general. If the windows were never washed and the display of goods never changed, he would not expect many people to stop and lose themselves in an ecstacy of admiration; and yet he does seem to ex- pect just this sort of thing for an old, moss- covered advertisement.—C. A. Bates. BUSINESS NOTES. A. L. Wells & Co., Balmoral, Man., have gone out of business. Blue & Fisher, Greenwood City, B. C., have been succeeded by the Boundary Creek Milling and Lumber Co. T. B. Tait’s shingle mill at Burk’s Falls, Ont., was destroyed by fire on the 23rd inst. The loss is about $4,000, partially covered by insurance. It is announced that H. H. Spicer & Co.. shingle manufacturers, Vancouver, B. C., have failed to secure an extension of time, and a re- ceiver has been placed in charge. The assets, it is claimed, will show a surplus of $15,000 over liabilities. , SHIPPING MATTERS. Shipping from Duluth to Buffalo is quite ac- tive. The rate for lumber is $1.40. The following lumber charters are reported : Barque Barbadian, Mobile to Rosario, lumber, $12 net ; Louise, Runcorn, St. John to w. c. England, deals, 40s.; Actacon, Runcorn to U. K., deals, 43s. 9d.; Stranger, Bridgewater to Buenos Ayres, lumber, p. t. LUMBER FREIGHT RATES. Lumber freight rates on the Canada Atlantic Rail- way areas follows: Ottawa to Toronto, 10 cents per 100 Ibs.; Ottawa to Oswego, $1.90 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottava to Montreal, $1.00 per M ft., (3,000 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Arnprior to Montreal, $1.50 per M ft., (3,009 Ibs. and under per M ft.); Ottawa to Buffalo, r2 cents per 100 lbs.: Ottawa to Port Huron and Detroit, 14 cents per roo lbs. Ottawa to New ‘ork, water delivery, lots of 50 M feet and over, $2.50 per M ft ; under 50 M feet, $3.25 per M ft. (subject to extra towage) 3,000 lbs. and under per M ft. Arn- prior to New York, lots of 50 M feet and over, $3.00 per M ft.; under 50 M feet, $3.-5 ve M ft. (subject to WANTED RONAN LINE Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh; New York Central & H. R. Rd. Ronan Line. CoNNECTION—Canadian Pacific Railway ; : extra towage) 3,000 Ibs and under per M ft. Ottawa to Boston, Portland and common points, local 15 cents ; exports 13c. per too lbs.; Arnprior to Boston; Portland and common points, local 17 cents; export 15 _ cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to Burlington, 6 cents per zoo lbs.; Ottawa to Albany, 10 cents per 100 Ibs. Arnprior to Albany, 12 cents per roo lbs.; Ottawa to St. John, N. B. and common points, 20 cents per 100 lbs.; Ottawa to Halifax, N. S. and common points, 22% cents per 1oo lbs Minimum carload weight for shipment of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., is 30,000 Ibs., and rates quoted above are in cents per roo lbs., except when quoted per M ft. the mi-iimum carload charged is 10 M ft., lumber not exceeding 3,000 Ibs. to the M feet. Ottawa rates apply on shipments from Rockland and Hawkesbury. Lumber freight rates for pine on the Grand Trunk Railway have been made a fixture, as below. Of any intended change due notice will be given lumbermen. General instructions in shipping by Grand T. unk are embodied in these words in the tariff schedule: On lum- ber in carloads, minimum weight, 30,000 lbs. per car, unless the marked capacity of the car be less, in which case the marked capacity (but not less than 24,000 lbs.) will be charged, and must not be exceeded. Should it be impracticable to load certain descriptions of light lumber up to 30,000 Ibs. to the car, then the actual weight only will be charged for; but not less than 24,- ooo Ibs. The rates on lumber in the tariff will not be higher from an intermediate point on the straight run than from the first named point beyond, to the same des- ination. For instance, the rates from Tara or Hep- worth to Guelph, Brampton, Weston or Toronto, would not be higher than the specific rates named from Wiar- ton to the same points. The rates from Cargill and Southampton to points east of Listowel and south and west of Stratford will be the same as from Kincardine, but in no case are higher rates to be charged than as per mileage table published on page 9 oftariff. Rates from leading lumber points on pine and other softwood lumber, shingles, etc., are as follows: From Glencairn, Creemore, Aurora, Barrie and other points in group B to Toronto, 6%c.; Collingwood, Penetang, Coldwater, Waubaushene, Sturgeon Bay, Victoria Har- bor, Midland, Fenelon Falls, Longford, Gravenhurst and other points in group C, to Toronto, 6%c.; Brace, bridge to Toronto 7c.; Utterson, Huntsville, Navor- Emsdale, Katrine to Toronto, 7%c.; Burk’s Falls, Ber- riedale and Sundridge, to Toronto, 8c.; South River, Powassen and Callender to Toronto, 9c.; Nipissing Junction and North Bay, 10c. Rate from Goderich, Kincardine and Wiarton to Toronto, 6%c. These rates are per 1oo lbs. Rates from Toronto east to Belleville are 7\4c. per 100 lbs.;_ to Deseronto, 9c.; to Brockville and Prescott, toc.; to Montreal and Ottawa, irc. The rates on hardwoods average about from rc. to 2¢. per 100 Ibs. higher than on softwoods, For rates on railway ties, mahogany, rosewood, walnut, cherry, and other valuable woods, application must be made to the district freight agent. On the Canadian Pacific the rates on pine and soft ~ woods may be illustrated as follows : Cache Bay, North Bay, Sturgeon Falls and Warren, to Toronto, = ; Al- goma, Cook’s Mills, Massey, Spanish River ane ite- fish to Toronto, r2c.; Ottawa to Toronto, 1oc From Ottawa, Hull, Aylmer and Duchesne Mills to station on the Lake Erie and Detroit River, Erie and Huron, Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo, and secs Central Railways, the rate is 14%c. per too Ibs. Regulations apply as to minimum size of carload of 30,000 Ibs., and an advanced rate is charged for hardwoods. MODIFICATION OF HARDWOOD RATES. Tue Grand Trunk -Railway and Canadian Pacific have made the rates on hardwoods from certain points to Toronto and Hamilton as follows. The regulations are over the signature of Mr. John Earls, W.D.F.A., of the G. T. R., and given in reply toa letter from Toronto hardwood men : “* After careful consideration we have come to the con- clusion that, on and after Jan. rst, 1895, a modification will be made in the present arrangements for hardwood lumber, to the effect that the rate will be 7c. per roc lbs from our Northern and Northwestern branches to Toronto and Hamilton. This rate, however, will not apply from main line points and the straight run be- tween Toronto, Sarnia and Windsor ; also that so faras rates on common lumber to points like Guelph, Galt London, Woodstock, Ingersoll, etc., from all lumber shipping stations the rate will be the same on hardwood as on pine.” On the old principle, we suppose, that half the loaf is better than none, hardwood men have something, possibly, to be thankful for, though there is no good reason why the rates generally on hard- wood should not be as low ason pine. It is understood that the C. P. R. rate will be made uniform at 7%c from same points. Telephone 5332 Established 1851 JOHN B. SMITH & SONS, MANUFACTURERS OF LUMBER Lath, Shingles, Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, Boxes, &c. BILL LUMBER a Specialty Cor. Strachan and Wellington Avenues, TORONTO. MILLS Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN No 89 State St., Bosron, Mass. Inspection at mill. {in. No. 1 and No. 2 Red Oak BOSTON LUMBER CO. J NO. 27 Kilby St. - BOSTON, MASS. HUDSON RIVER LUMBER TRANSPORTATION. Water Connection from ee with lumber Hs in Canada via Canadian Pacific Railway to New York Harbor, Long Island Sound and inland waters of New Jersey... . Orrices—Lumber District, Albany, N. Vise ze South St., New York. Telephone 711 Broad ; PARKER C. RONAN, Manager. econ. \ a A ~ ind 4 a ' / y my s a ee See eae eae SEPTEMBER 30, 1896 CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION UI. CANADIAN EXPORTERS 2” WHOLESALERS Thos. Meaney & Co. . London Canadian Chambers 103 Bay St. = Toronto, Ont. Al M B [ i MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. Fruntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : PManvractorers OF E t t White Pi d Hemlock Bill Stuff. H LUMBER W for Sale a penis of aa Mil Ce aa Sidings, alk — ee 16in. Pine Shingles and 4 ft. Lath 144 in. wide. LATH ax SHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED THe PEMBROKE LUMBER GO.17. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. PEMBROKE, ONT Red Ping Dimension Logs, 22° 2; 'e2k2.29 9 feet to suit purchaser, and would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at peereh River. Special long lengths could he loaded on cars at Rayside, C. P, R Will have five to six million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on limit at Spanish River. And have about five million feet at mouth French River which could be delivered at opening of navigation . . ..... . BOOTH & GORDON —- ___ Sudbury, ont, Manufacturerg of sews WM. MASON & SONS . . . sbenersi reMBE nd DIMENSION TIMBER “Sie SHINGLES We have the largest and best equipped Dimension Saw Mill in Eastern Canada. All our machinery is of the latest and most improved pattern, and we are prepared to quote prices on and supply at the shortest notice any orders that may be submitted to us. Address, P. 0. Box 1020, Ih GTS a a ees ONT. Ottawa Lumber Go, Ganada WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, etc. Write for Stock List ONE DOLLAR will pay your subscription to the weekly and monthiy CANADA LUMBERMWAN for ONE YEAR @ @ Write us for Quotations on all Billse,> @ meet teres FOR SALE ett Ee UE ta CO ATIN E & CO. wHoLesaLE HARDWOOD -tumser- 35 Adelaide East, Toronto, Ont. Send us full description and lowest price for any lumber you have for sale. dS eA Y PATR & CO: Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER * LATH * SHINGLES _BILL TIMBER a Specialty. - ~~ MIDLAND, ONT. A'T ONCH#EH WANTED About 300 cords 2 foot Hard- wood, 1-2 Beech and 1-2 Maple, last winter’s cut; also 150 cords of 4 foot all No. 1 Wood. THE REID GO., OF TORONTO, Ltd, cose: soc tne aniBezeets ts McPRULIFFE, a? GAMERON State Lowest Price f. 0. b. Cars or Delivered in Toronto for whole r part. PINE ani HARDWOOD LUMBER YES, Everything Sold but Mill Culls of all thicknesses; Shorts of all thicknesses ; aA Shingles in four grades ( Live Tinve.) and Lath in two grades. We are also prepared to make close quotations on Box Shooks, delivered at all © points in Canada. BV VV QV Vw Lumberman’s Inspection Book Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps for a copy of the LumMBERMAN’s VEstT- Pocket INSPECTION Book, containing rules for the Inspection of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the Leading Markets of the United States and Canad a. Acdress: The CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. KILN- DRIED BIRCH FLOORING SMEEtNG Cenine $20.00 ~OG— SAMPLES BY MAIL ANTS IT BROS. FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x? IMPORTERS James Smith & Bro. AGENTSFOR (\W/OOD GOODS 14 Canada Dock, LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND Cable Address—WALMER, LIVERPOOL Market Reports - Given and Advances Made Against Shipments. and ‘‘For Sale’’ Department of the... © . H An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ 5) lb YOUr WIs CANADA LUMBERMAN To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible WEEKLY EDITION A PARTICULAR LOT OF LUMBER $ Will secure for you a Buyer or Seller, as the A MILL PROPERTY case may be. Address, The Canada Lumberman SECOND-HAND MACHINERY Toronto, Canada. Write us if you have any.... for immediate DRY SOFT ELM stiomen: SCATCHERD & SON = =- — 1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N. Y, WANTED 1", 1344", 1%", 2”, 8” and 4” (sts and 2nds Grey Elm. Also 4 vA Rock Elm, Log Run. Please quote prices delivered Black Rock, Buffalo, N. Y T.SULLIVAN & CO. © Buffalo, N. Y. ‘BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER COMPANY S 940 Elk St., BUFFALO, N. Y. x 50, 000 ft. of 2%" No. 1 and 2 and common Soft Elm. { DETNAW } 100,000 ft. of 114” No. 1 and 2 and common Red Oak. Are also in the market as CASH BUYERS for other kinds of Hardwoods. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. Shortest and Quickest Route from OTTAWA, ROCKLAND PRIOR and all points on Grand Trunk Ry. BOSTON, PORTLAND, NEW YORK, DETROIT, TONAWANDA, ALBANY, &e., MONTR EAL, ee QUEBEC, HALIFAX, ST. JOHN, &e. apt. J. H. WiLtiams, 16 Lumber Dist., Albany, N.Y. | ‘ tawa, Arnprior & Parry Sound Ru. OTTAWA & NEW YORK LUMBER LINE * ‘AWA & BOSTON LUMBER LINE A ATLANTIC FAST FREIGHT LINE Carter, Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade, j ea HAWKESBURY, pay 70. € J. SmitH General F reight Agent Ottawa, Ont. ~—=tw=——_CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY — ao Ottawa & New York Lumber Ling © Bick ahlanlat POINTS, NEW YORK CITY AND ALL POINTS REACHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY ANTIC RAILWAY. sre 75 Eauien ieedc DELAWARE & "HUDSON CANAL co, \J. H.\ will iams New YOR OIG, op Wall az, NON aR Pee ee yy AT i ama Ye ul TPN ee pet eS hehe & Wa RAS ee, PP ee ‘hy ¥ 6 ee ‘ { eis als CMA ge wate me Mea —"s ee eh eae oper le « Bi i ¢ lV. DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman.’" BELTING McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. Robin, Sadler & Haworth, Montreal and Toronto. The Waterous Co., Brantford. DRY KILNS McEachren Heating & Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Flushing, N.Y. The Emerson Co., Baltimore, Md. INJECTORS Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. Rice Lewis & Son, Toronto. Scully, John, Toronto. MACHINERY ; Bertram, John & Son3, Dundas, Ont. __ Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., Kingston, Ont. Darling Bros., Montreal. Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., Small & Fisher Co., Woodstock, Ont. The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. The Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que. The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. RAILWAYS Flint & Fer> Marquecte Railroad. Illinois Central R.R. SAW MANUFACTURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. Robertson & Co., James, Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N. B. SPLIT PULLEYS Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Shier, J. D., Bracebridge, Ont. Wiggin, H. D., Boston, Mass. MISCELLANEOUS Axes, Campbell Bros., St. John, N. B. Contractors’ Plant, John Scully & Co., Toronto. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Unt. Electrical Apparatus, Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Lumbermen’s Clothing, W. Carss & Co., Orillia, Ont. Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Rice Lewis & Son, Toronto. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Metal Roofing, Pedlar Metal Roofing Co., Oshawa, Ont. Patent Medicines, Ripan’s Chemical Co., New York, N.Y. Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. Turbines, J. C. Wilson & Co., Glenora, Ont. Veterinary Medicines, J.C. & W. R. McMurtry, Arnprior, Ont. WHOLESALE PRICES CURRENT, TORONTO, ONT. ToRONTO, September 30, 1896. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. 14, 1% and 2 inch cut up and better 2 inch picks and UpperS......---- +s seer ee eee een ete eee e eens mxr2 dressing and better, 60% 16 ft.. 5 rxro fine dressing and better..........see++eseee rxro and 12 Canadian dressing and better 3 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank............-----+e-.eee 26 00 1 1-4 in. cut up and better.....-- +1... sees ee eee eee tere eee 36 00 EXTO ADA 12 WAN TUNS. occ ces aca aides ce ceceenwapensina cca’ 18 00 TRIO ANG 12 COMMON... 1.2... 62- cece er cee ecccerececescses 15 00 x1xzo and x2 mill culls... A gn 1 inch clear and picks..... 32 00 zt inch dressing and better....-....-.+--++- Beane rinch siding mill run........-+.0..+sesee esse cece eee cee I5 00 zinch siding COMMON.......+-+-eee see e ersten serene eens 12 00 1 inch siding ship culls..... BES aad Geena: ac een oamenaoS II 50 tinch siding mill culls..........-.G-2esseeee eee eee sees 9 00 Cullscantling.........--ee psec reece cece teen ee ence ee eees 9 00 1 inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run Wee 1 inch strips, common.......... Pose rlsciiesieecianie cee 12 00 1 1-4 inch flooring....---++seereeee settee tenet neces eeeee 16 00 1 1-2 inch flooring...... sdeiceneteee cece ce swe esses sneereee 16 00 XXX pine shingles, 16inch......--+..-... see eres reece ees 2 25 XX pine shingles 16inch....-..--. 66+ esses scene ences reece I 40 Lath, Oe eae ecco 5 nua ale le!sintaleiele nlsie\'si cinkwistein 0) sais 6cotuje|» nie) alalate 1 60 WAR TN Gs dic le eapicga nis moe at> eins plnin\ sie! a'a «Is! afBlnin ain, elavnie «iors ialaie I 30 HARDWOODS—PER M. FEET CAR LOTS. Quality, rs and 2s unless otherwise specified. Ash, white, 1 to2in..$26 oo $28 oo | Cherry zr to1r%$s0 00 $60 oo oi « "2% to 4.. 30 00 32 00 “a 2, S54... 601.00) (6500 “ 1% 14 00 15 00 Ash, black, 1sts and Elm, soft 1 ands,zto 1%in....17 00 1900] “ “ 2 “43,, 15 00 16.00 Ash, black, rsts and “rock x ‘‘ 1&% 1600 1800 ands, 2 FORUM cot as 0 19 2r 00) rl § 3... 20''0) 12200 Ash, M.R.,1 a me sc} 18 oo | Hickory 13% ‘‘ 2.. 28 00 3000 Birch, I 220 22 00 Maple t ‘3% 1600 1700 Nv - 8 N 1g ** -2...22 * sars. 4x4 ‘S 8 x824 26 00 Oak,red,p'nx 2 00 [ole} oo 00 - 17 00 18 00 20 Basswood 1 ‘‘ 1% 1600 18 00 “ 00 [ole} 00 Lele} oo oe as ‘ 1% 28 00 3000 4.. 30 00 3200 “ «ec ef “cc 59 ss white t 1% -2800 3000 14%“ 2 ..19 NE TES Va 16 00 OZ) .\ 4.030 00 00 Baterit. a ffateies 25 00| ‘“‘quartd:1 ‘'2.. 46 00 = 00 2F er Ae 28 oo | Walnut r ‘*3.. 85 00 10000 Chestnut 1 “‘2.. 24 26 oo} Whitewood 1 ‘‘ 2.. 3200 3600 OTTAWA, ONT. OrTTawa, September 30, 1896. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b.m......-......--.seeeees $ 35 00 Pine, cood.strips, “~ <=» ©. ; 30 00 Pine, good shorts, ae i Rees chk sistem cs eee 25 00 Pine, No. I dressing sidings, per M feet, b.m 20 00 i : strips : Pine’ Cee he ihe ic sh 09 Pine, 10 s.c. and better stock, ‘ “ff is 15 00 Pine, 8 S.C. “ “e “ce “ “ a3 13 00 Pine, ‘sidings ae eee 15 00 Pine, - ‘strips “ “ « eni6b Pine, ‘shorts 5 ele 9 00 Pine, box culls sf nu A Iz 00 Pine mill culls yp oF fs ae xd BO, Lath per M Wo... ..22- cece ete e see nte es ceereneaereees I 25 Lath per M No, ..---..- ces vecec ener cece rcccceccancvens I 15 1x10 No. 1 barn.. 20 ux1o No.2 “ . Fh 18 1x8 &g No.1 “wwe eee eee eens ‘ 18 Chey Le Boia MBE 0 Pe CEA ie Ss eres ene 17 CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION QUEBEC, QUE. Quesec, September 30, 1896. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. cts. cts. Common and railroad, for mterior and ordinary according to average, quality, etc., measured Off......--++++eee+eeeeere 20 @ 22 For 40 to 45 feet average, measured off....... 26 For good and good fair average, measured off. . : 32 First class is! ae a eee he oe i 36 In shipping order ae a MRR ee. VAC SEO 42 First class Ottawa waney, 18 inch average...-+++++++++ 0 esses 38 ia s «« "19 to 2rinchaverage.....+++-++++-+- 40 42 First class Michigan waney board, 18 inch average...-.-.+++.-+ 40 «42 fs oid ake “¢ “rg to 21 inch average.....-+.. 42 45 RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality.......-.--..+ weer gay 20 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “ BUR rn ay cc OOP 38 40 OAK-——MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according toaverageand quality. . . +. + + +47 49 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 to50 feet. . 28 30 AS o ss se" 30to 3s feet. .25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average an quality. . . .- +22 30 To ayerage CO RCD mi aie: om llbe ete ail den eda mete) en 28 33 BIRCH. Tainchiaverager., w. \s uA, tele) Aye seh OMe nis) Geum sae 18 Ores et so ree ery oe iyo op at ct 2 = ake Ga NE i SP USTORE. | 21 a aa ites lle Af a ke aR aR ea 6:2 TAMARAC. Square, according to sizeand quality. . « . - + + + + + 17 19 Flatted, ee a i aah 1. ae 18 DEALS. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $42 to $44 for 1st, $28 to $30 for end, $25 to $27 for 3rd, and $21 to $23 for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau SAGINAW, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich., September 30, 1896. UPPERS AND SELECTS. = Veer, 1 in., 10 in. and up Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $40 00 WIE a cove Pa eae $45 0c 14%, 1% and2in........... 4I 00 14%, rand 21m... .. es eee 45 0c 2% and 3 in.....+--++--0 47 00 256 ANG |S Msg wannicss asvivinig 53 00 ARTIS a oiss olen o tateteim ate hater at 50 00 if AMM ye. 0 echajore Catster s/eceaais #1 56 90 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 2% and 3in., 8in, and up wide 42 00 TZ, WIG ANG 2 Me eles space visiecs 35 00 | AIM. ce hana ce ne ce eemelenens 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO. I CUTTING. tin., 7in. and up wide...... 23 50| 2% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 37. co 14%, 1% and 2in.......--..- AL (OO |r, Milla as o/citlela ste wis latent einen 40 00 STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 14 in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide... 34 00| 1 in., 4, 5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 OMB WIE. i ler ap tere ee 36 00 | 6 in, wide...........eeereeee 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. 1% in., 4, 5, 6 in. wide...... 30 00 | x in., 6m. Wide... 3. cence 30 09 X Wey 49 5 las We, cue siete «ete 25 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 1Uin., 4, 5, 6in. wide... .... 24 00| rin., 4,5, 6In. wide........ 22 00 NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. rin., 4,5 and 7in.....-.... 16 00 | 1 in., 4,5 and 7im..'....... I5 00 Rts OUR ANGE ce Ogee ince D7 100; | 134 In, GN. si dute tee fede oi 17 00 _ NO, 2 FENCING OR NO, 4 FLOORING. 1in., 4,5 and 7 inch ........ 13 50| 114 in., gto 7 inch .......... 14 00 Fab yiset NG vei jaSnaDHd atmo ne 14 290 | No. 3 Fencing, 1 in., 6inch.. 12 00 SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in., ro in, stocks.... 25 00 | No. 2, x in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 rin, roin, and up wide... 26 oo Tin., FOin. Stocks. ./...... 2I 00 tin., 12 in. stocks........- 29 00 DAu., 72 IM. ‘SLOCKS. oc om 24 00 zr in., ro in. and up wide.-. 22 oo 1 in., 12 in. and up wide... 30 00 1in., 13 in. and up wide... 25 oo rin. 1% and 2in., 8in. and WEP WIE: oe ca aie san siete 29 09 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS. INosinstr cits eit siareeaeene a ake 2x OO)! VINO. 125,0)aNlte cis 'otei ote eaten ete FO MMM seyeieeroeiate sien or eater hers 16 50 8 and 7 in CWitencnecdibermacuoorse te 16 oo | No. 3, 12 in Bandigiarisn artic chiro 16 06 FOAL spain) sicie eleries oerea te Noma iain. ieee = ieee ls)oet FOCGO! |e MegAeU we o-aueeste cree yeterec gene TOVLD ciale =relsinte ale 'alareict@tars fatale I4 00 Cit irene renters cnc aA SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. 1in., 4and 5 in. wide....... $ 8 50j1in., 13 in. and up wide..... $11 00 les) OM aVIGe sn | IM (ese ] a OFFICE. SCHOOL. CHURCH & LODGE FURNITUR OcTOBER, 1896 Tre CANADA LUMBERMAN 15 During July, this year, 83,661,000 feet of lum- ber was imported from Canada to the United States, valued at $892,414, as compared with 80,960,000 feet, valued at $890,446, during July, 1895. For the seven months ending with July the imports this year amounted to 407,788,000 feet, valued at $4,321,589, and for the same period last year the imports were 378,211,000 feet, valued at $4,148,079. The imports of wood pulp from Canada for July this year amounted to 3,850 tons, valued at $54,836, against 1,577 tons, valued at $24,746, for July last year. For the seven months ending with July this year 22,273 tons of wood pulp were imported from Canada, valued at $302,820, against 9,712 tons, valued at $174,482, for the seven months ending with July last year. Imports of log and round timber for July this year amounted to 96,836,000 feet, eV valued at $773,410, and for July last year 71,- go7,000 feet, valued at $575,407. For the seven months ending with July the imports of logs amounted to 213,475,000 feet this year, valued at $1,606,887, and 175,157,000 feet last year, valued at $1,373,493- McNair Bros., of Vancouver, B. C., have re- built their burned shingle mill. aed OBIN, SADLER & HAWORTH Manufacturers of OAK-TANNED LEATHER BELTING MONTREAL AND TORONTO Orders addressed either to our Toronto or Montreal Factory will have prompt care. Goods will be forwarded same day as order is received. THE LAURIE ENGINE GO. = - SOLE AGENTS FOR PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. The Northey Mig. Co. Lta FORGNTS MONTREAL THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OcTOBER, 1896 HANDLING TIMBER BY ELECT RICITY. A NovELTY in electric applications is the timber stacking crane. A London firm of timber im- porters found that stacking by manual labor was too slow and inefficient to meet the demands of their business. As steam was pronounced im- practicable on account of the greatly increased rate charged for insurance, an electric motor was installed. The usual run of timber stacked is deal, battens and board ends, varying from one foot up to six feet in length, and of deals and battens from six to sixteen feet long. A means was also required of suitably raising and deliver- ing loads of short lengths, so as to reduce hand- ling toa minimum, after delivery of each load upon the stack. Wire rope slings were used at first, and they answered well for deals and planks, but with boards the pack sagged and became so distorted that it was awkward to handle. The difficulty was overcome by a set of slings having a stiff steel rod along the bottom, and so adjustable that they would lift both thick and thin timber. The electric motor does the work with such ease that a six-foot cube of wood, weighing three tons, can be loaded by it in four lifts of 1,500 pounds each up to the height of sixty feet, or directly into vans or wagons. The crane is available also for loading vans from any part of the stack. An unique feature of this in- stallation is the fact that the firm intends to as- certain the net profits made by the electric crane over hand labor, and to distribute 50 per cent. of these among the men who are employed upon the work. The number of laborers engaged is about 200. ect ees oe [MIGHIGAN| Sige Se 5252 52525252525 2oe0) Are you thinking of moving to better your condition ? If so, come to Michi- gan, where you can get comfortable living, good markets, good neighborhood, reason- able transportation for your products. A PROSPEROUS STATE ! The Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Go. have good lands for sale, prices ranging from SEVEN TO FIFTEEN DOLLARS per acre, according to location and timber ; easy terms. You make no mistake locating in this territory. eS SSE SEE EEE ES ESEScEE i ADDRESS : i A. Patriarche, Traiiic Manager ; H i f Ho Saginaw, Mich. | i cre Se rere TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 Are You LOOKING FOR A CHANCE IN LOCATION? If you are not satisfied with your present site, or if you are not doing quite as well as you would like to, why not consider the advantages of a location on the Illinois Central R. R. or the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley R. R.?. These roads run through South Dakota, Min- nesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana, and possess FINE SITES FOR NEW MILLS BEST OF FREIGHT FACILITIES CLOSE PROXIMITY TO COAL FIELDSuND DISTRIBUTING CENTERS AND INTELLICENT HELP OF ALL KINDS MANY KINDS OF RAW MATERIAL For full information write to the undersigned for a copy of the pamphlet entitled anetowss WANTING INDUSTRIES This will give you the population, city and county debt, death rate, assessed valuation of property, tax rate, annual shipments, raw materials, industries de- sired, etc. To sound industries, which will bear investigation, substantial inducements will be given by many of the places on the lines of the Illinois Central R. R., which is the only road ui.der one management running through from the North-Western States to the Gulf of Mexico. GEO. C. POWER, Industrial Commissioner I.C.R.R. Co., 506 Central Station, Chicago. DAK TANNED BELTING THE J.C.M?LAREN BELTING C2 wowtreat “Little Giant” Turbine...... ertical and Horizontal Built in 44 Sizes Complete in its own case. No expensive flume required. Highest percentage of power guaran- anteed at full and partial gate opening. Machine Dressed Gearing, Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers, Etc, WRITE FOR CATALOGUES AND GEAR LISTS C. WILSON & CO. ————» GLENOR A, ane 253 Little Giants sold to the Canadian Goverment. e Mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding with Advertisers. The A. R. WILLIAMS MACHINERY CO., Ltd. 95 and 97 Front St. West - TORONTO (ougen's HoreL Are now fully established in their new building, and are prepared to show the largest stock of Machinery in the Dominion. Prices are ruling low for cash customers and enquiries are solicited. We have at present a special MINING PLANT, consisting 0 ————_ 7 STONE BREAKER, SINKING PUMP, ENGINE AND BOILER AT- TACHED, HOISTING ENGINE—SEPARATE BOILER, An ASSAY PLANT BUILT BY FRASER & CHALMERS, TWO CRAWFORD RE- DUCTION MILLS, SHAFTING, PULLEYS, BELTING, PIPING, ETC. This will be sold low for an immediate order. Also Saw-Mills, Shingle Mills, Engines, Boilers, Water-Wheels, Wood and Iron Working Machinery, Hoisting Engines, Contractors’ Plant, Mill and Engineers’ Supplies, Etc. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN JOHN SCULLY & CO. ESTABLISHED 1878. TORONTO 17 OCTOBER, 1896 ‘ Every Lumberman wants it 345 cents buys it SOFDNGE'S LUMDEF « LO0 Book SAVES: TIME SAVES MISTAKES SAVES MONEY BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : PRACTICAL INFORMATION THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto Sw Heaters DPU Kilns * Contractors’ Plant and Lumber- men’s Supplies TIMBER LIMITS BOUGHT AND SOLD Locomotives and Rails for Lumbermen and Contractors a Specialty. SCRAPERS, PLOWS, CARTS, Etc. ACENTS WANTED To sell Capt. Geo. S. A quantity of standing pine timber upon unsold and unlicensed Jands of the Crown, lying south and west of Biscotasing Station, on the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, estimated as follows :— 4,000,000 feet B. M. Thompson’s New Book, ES OOO, 000 ie “Up-to-date, or The Life of a Lumberman.” (Pro- BENE S229) i fusely illustrated). 2,000 copies sold already, and only Ls egies oe ce out ofthe press twomonths. The first book ever written 16,020,000 by a practical lumberman, describing the many inter- 6r Seas fe esting stages of Lumbering, and the hazardous life of ? > those engaged in the woods and on the river. An edi- tion in French will be out shortly. The book will be having been damaged by fire durinz the past summer, the undersigned hereby calls for tenders for the right to cut the damaged timber. Tenders will be received up to and including the 2oth day of October next, and may be for any block or for the whole, and must state the amount per thousand feet cubic, if made into square or waney board timber, and per thousand feet board measure, if made into sawlogs, which the parties making tender are willing to pay for the burnt timber, in addition to the Crown dues of $25.00 per thousand feet cubic for timber and $1.25 per thousand feet B M. for logs. Parties are at liberty to make, and the same will be considered, an alternative tender of a lump sum as bonus for the timber on each block, in addition to the Crown dues as above stated. The above figures represent only the Department's estimate, and intending purchasers must satisfy them- selves as to quantities and all other particulars. The Department does not bind itself to accept the high- est or any tender. For conditions, maps of the territory, and further particulars, applications should be made to the Crown Lands Department. Tenders should be marked “‘ Tender for Burnt_Tim- = ae addressed to the Hon. Commissioner of Crown ands. Mr. A W. Belding, Forest Ranger under the Depart- ment, will be at Biscotasing Station on and after the zoth of September to give information to parties desir- ous of examining this timber. J. M. GIBSON, Commissioner of Crown Lands Department of Crown, Lands, (Woods and Forests Branch), Toronto, September 15th, 1896. NEW. 2"°.@MACHINERY TORONTO, CANADA. LUMBERMEN’S VETERINARY MEDICINES J, C, & W. R. MCMURTRY Veterinary - SUrdéOns ARNPRIOR Manufacture the Cheapest and Most Reliable lines of Veterinary Medicines. OUR COLIC DRENCH is a valuable acquisition toany lumberman’scamp. A safe, sure and speedy remedy, giving permanent relief to COLIC and all other inflammatory diseases in horses, almost instantly. Send for Descriptive Circular and Testimonials from many of the leading lumber firms of Canada. Your Stomach Distresses You after eating a hearty meal, and the result is a chronic case of Indiges- tion, Sour Stomach, Heartburn, Dyspepsia, or a bilious attack. RIPANS TABULES tomach, They perfect di; Bipans ot dicine C should be A at for use in every family. : 8 EMICAL mailed to anyone on receipt of $1.00. Address to GEO. S. THOMPSON, Care The Times Printing Co., Good terms to agents. LORRUGATED FTRON ROOFINGE SIDING, FIREPROOF ' WRITE FOR CATALOGUE AL ROOFING Co. Osnawa Ont. Peterboro’, Ont. One Second-Hand Sturtevant Heater, 1,000 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match; has been used only about four months. One Sturtevant Heater, 5,500 feet one-inch Pipe and Fan to match ; in first-class order. (The above have been used in lumber dry kilns, but are also applic- able to heating buildings, etc.) For prices and full particulars of the above, also our catalogue and prices of Heating and Ventilating, write the.... McKachren Heating & Ventilating Co. GALT, ONT. MALL & FISHER 60., Lid — +————Woodstook, N. B. = —<——S> —SSS ——— ——— ——— —STS ; I = a = | : ill | fh Shingle Machine ROPE DRIVING The Dodge Patent System of Rope Transmission of Power is now in successful operation in many of the prominent mills throughout the Dominion We contract for the construction of Drives complete, supplying Iron or Wood Grooved Wheels, as the case requires. Any amount of power, in any direction, to any distance. WRITE FOR INFORMATION DODGE WOOD SPLIT PULLEY CO. Office : 74 York St.. TORONTO OcToBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBEEMArm Lumber Machinery The Most Modern Right Hand—Front View. ‘NEW ALLIS”’ It surpasses all others in many points. Rear View ‘‘NEW ALLIS’”’ oe ee Se | ung. NOTE..... Lower Wheel Inside Frame. 38 NEW ALLIS BANDS Sold in Canada since Where It Is eat Manufactured Unbreakable Steel Girder Carriage. ESTABLISHED 1844 INCORPORATED 1874 NEW WORKS OCCUPIED 1896 a cH 7 7 Waterous 5 Brantiel Canada Giant ("os No 550 ae Md | } SVE @& Detachable manual {(Q) A / | Yy i) = | Le aV y : One of our Cheap Detachable Chains SIZES for Sawdust, Refuse, Etc. liz ' " J, — | | eee Yom 7 SCL Over 50 Sizes and Styles of Chains, varying from 75 to 20,000 Ibs. Breaking Strain. Special Attachment Links for all purposes. Nee Combined Gang Edger and Flooring Machine. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET -INSPEGTION BOOK 8 Containing Rules for the Inspection and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood | Lumber in the leading markets of Canada and the United States. Em- bracing also many useful tables and calculations of everyday service to lumbermen. Prepared by the Editor of the * Canada Lumberman.” ee Toronto, Canada C H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 T HE above isafac simile of the title page of the latest and most complete Lumber and Inspection Book published. We shall be pleased to send you a copy on receipt of four 3 cent Ga- Nadian postage stamps ° ° © ° THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada UK ee ee th ee X Saw Gummer and Sharpener fee “re [rcos > at eae eee. TS YOU NOTHING FOR OUR Automatic ‘Compression ” 6 @ REO BVA e @ UNLESS OUR GUARANTEE IS FULFILLED To convince you of the Superiority of our Process, write us for Catalogue ‘*C” and Testimonials. Have you ever seen our Channel Steel ? Roller Bearing Trucks and Lumber Buggies « THE EMERSON COMPANY wey BIVTINORE, MD, USA Tue Rovat Etectric Company MONTREAL, QUE. Western Office : TORONTO, ONT. Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ MANUFACTURERS OF Electrical Machinery *. Apparatus LIGHT and POWER SpeciAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHT AND POWEBR ALSO FOR ELECTRIC PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED, il uti THE PARMENTER = PATENT DRY KILN = 2 4 = aa Staves, Heading, Shingles, &. . LY : The Latest e. The Cheapest “i And Best a aoc fe as CuatTuam, ONT., June roth, 1896. a g JAS. S. PARMENTER, Flushing, N. Y. .- DEAR Sir: We take very great pleasure in being ss able to say from nearly one year’s use of your Patent Dry Kiln, we find it away ahead of anything we ever yet tried fer thoroughly drying lumber without injuring ay it in the least. So far we have found exhaust steam 2 alone sufficient fur our purpose, so that it absolutely costs us nothing to run it. We thoroughly dry white oak, rock elm, balm and other hardwood lumber in less time than we ever did with a blast kiln, and especially find it a splendid kiln for drying white oak hubs It =a does its work so naturally that neither hubs nor lumber ; are injured by it. hy CHATHAM MEG. CO., Lrp. <= D. R. Van ALLEN, President. ¢ 4 J.S.PARMENTER PATENTEE Canadian Office— WOODSTOCK, ONT. Head Office— FLUSHING, N.Y. . ass <«=—Has No Rival a HY t + . OR FOR... = SIMPLICITY, DURABILITY, CHEAPNESS Will take saws from 6 inches to 5 feet diameter; sets the saw forward ee one tooth at a time automatically ; sharpens any saw (rip or crosscut) perfectly, ar giving the teeth any desired pitch or bevel Will sharpen 20 teeth in an ordinary in a shingle saw in four or five minutes. alike. 54-inch diameter. , and making all the teeth exactly saw mill in one minute, or 100 teeth | The cut shows outline of mill saw Mr. F. J. DRAKE, Kingston : Dear Sir,—Re the conversation you had with our manager, I am instructed to in- PEMBROKE, ONT., Jan’y 28th, 1896. form you that the machine we purchased from you early last spring has proved to bea Ss very useful piece of machinery. Our Mr. McCool, who uses it, is greatly pleased with it, and recommends it to any person who may require a Saw Filer. Wishing you much success with your Filer, we remain, Yours truly, yee (Signed) THE PEMBROKE LUMBER CO. Per W. H. Bromley. Send for Catalogue 5 Manufactured onlu bu... - (yanadtan Locomotive & Engine Go, tm KINGSTON. ONT. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN OcToBER, 1 Tit snes MENTE eo | SUPPLIESm 2::22:A full line of Mill Ci oni Sy oom 2:2: Supplies, including Rubber and Leather Belting, Babbit OF ALL KINDS Metal, &c., always catried in stock. a J UBILEE le 2 Chains, Ropes, Axes, Files, f{ Head Office: ae ag, Titre a Bar Iron, Horse Shoes, 144 William St. Hf ontreal, Toronto P C D pee Ww. te i eav ant Ogs. ‘MONTREAL : ‘all AT TG St. ee N.B. y 8 iil aN “an SM * |RICE LEWIS & SON ALL OURSAWS AQ : CIRCULAR: CANG FULLY WARRANTED iil jet AND MILL SAWS A (LIMITED) Orders promptly attended to. lt Mt y! wih SPECIALTY Cor. King and Victoria Sts. = TORONTO Satisfaction guaranteed. cee) ) y) Correspondence Solicited. _ ai a ae ae eee P. PAYETTE & CO. MANUFACTURERS OF BAND _ | Saw Mill and Shingle Mill wee \/ \/ } | | ’ Het Machinery. . . geal net Boilers and Boiler Fittings Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers SIXTEEN Brass and Iron Castings REASONS, Cant-Hook Handles, etc. cat — : ! AND HOW TO Write for Terms and Prices. -:- -:- PENETANGUISHENE, ONT. AVOID THEM Galt Machine Nnife Works Being instructions to filers on the care of large band saw blades used inthe d dG Ine N ife 0 5 manufacture of lumber. A book filled with valuable information on the care of band saws. Giving the 5 = F reasons for breaking; analyzing each reason; giving instructions to dispense with the causes as laid down in each reason; and full details on filing and brazing. The proper styles of hammers to use are illustrated and described, and views of blades showing the blows of the different styles of hammers form an important part of the S=S===== illustrations. Improper and unequal tension are then treated, and the manner 0 properly setting irregular teeth is described. In connection with the treatise is a his tory of the invention, manufacture and use of the saw from its origin to the present M C time. Thework in whole makes an accumulation of information such as has never before been published. rr Woodworking Machine The book is printed on fine paper, good clear type, and 1s handsomely and sub- Send for Price List stantially bound in cloth. It will be sent to any address on receipt of the price ot bs ONE DOLLAR. : ; | PETER HAY - - - - -. Galt, Ont. Address— CANADA LUMBERMAN, Torento Ont. Mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding with advertisers. [Jse me Fanous.. PINK LUMBERING TOOLS NVA ae } By Car Load or Dozen “~~ Duck Bill Peavies, Round Bill Peavies, Finest Duck Bill Winter Cant Hooks ile Pike Poles, Skidding Tongs, Boom Chains ‘Lowest Prices © [THOMAS PINK © _ PEMBROKE. ONT. SHURLY & DIETRICH #6 GALT, Cia THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE = = — WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES STRTTIO SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SECRET CHEMICAL PROCESS OF TEMPERING. © ee oe * = eae) lhe — Pe eee eee Py ee Re, Oe >» > als a ng ie Ee es ete 5 Ate i ; ee POT NAT tie Tee : - « . J t = Ye Y : o pee — =, = r gon a Se hr Ee ee = =e ARON TO 2 ~ Giada * . CH Morjimer °: Tiloli/ner: IW SZ-ZZ ¥ » .. a bars “ aay z Sa ee THE CAN ADA ‘LUMBERMAN CANADIAN LACOMOTIE & ENGINE OD, Ut F. J. Drake's Shingle and Saw Mill Specialties and also a full line of SAW MILL MACHINERY, including Heavy Stationary Saw Mills, Portable Saw Mills, Endless Chain Log Jacks, Gang Edgers, Slab Saw Rigs, Lath Machinery, and the Best Band Saw Mill on the Market, Boilers, Engines, &c., &c. ‘Ay Dauntless Shingle and Heading Machine. * We can furnish Complete Outfits, with Plans and Drawings, and can send com- petent men to superintend erection of mill, and guarantee results. «eff MTT TT Os ai 2 ie LZ LZ LLG Y ™ ay = mm Improved Gang Lath Machine. | wt lll l VotumeE XVII. TORONTO, ONT,, NOVEMBER, ) TERMs, $1.00 PER YEAR \ Page Copies, zo Cents. 1896 NuMBER II. Macnouis METAL In Use by Eight Leading Governments. BEST ANTI-FRICTION METAL For All Machinery | Bearings MAGNOLIA METAL CO. OWNERS AND SOLE MANUFACTURERS aeeee 74 Gortiand Street, NEW YORK eee Montreal Office : Chicago Office : TRADERS BUILDING. London Office: No. 49 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON, E. C. “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE “The Morse” is the only machine in the market that = will reface Steam Valves in position, _ MACHINES IN USE. a —_ (a aT, = = Gx, Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHERS SOLE MANUFACTURERS . .- “ Reliance Works,” - MONTREAL. | c. C. CLEVELAND John Bertram & Sons | CANADA TOOL WORKS ONIARIO. Eee DUNDAS - Any one desiring a good Second-Hand Tool, should write us for prices. Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. AVRNS SA}, Soa ow. Messrs. Caverhill, Learmont & Co., Agents. J. L. Goodhue & GO. MANUFACTURERS OF [FATHER BELTING :... ann LACE LEATHER Danville, Que. DRY KILNS 4° HEATERS VENTILATING AST SYSTEM for large buildings. FANS, SHAVING tAN BLOWERS, For Catalogue of the above articles write the McKachren Heating & Ventilating Co. - Galt, Ont. 5 T Automatic Why it is the World Renowned INJECTOR FIRST—sTEADY IMPROVEMENT. 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Write for prices, informing us what your requirements are. The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., Ltd. Branch Office: VANCOUVER, B. C. PETERBOROUGH, ONT. = TH CANADA LUMBERMAN 4 TERMS, $1.00 PER YEAR 1 Votume XVII. TORO NTO, ONT.,, NOVEMBE R, {896 Single Copies, ro Cents. NuMBER It. MR. A. F. BURY AUSTIN, MR. THOS. MEANEY, (Wholesale Timber and Lumber, Montreal.) (Thos. Meaney & Co., Wholesale Dealers, Toronto.) MR. JAMES TENNANT, HON. R. R. DOBELL, (James Tennant & Co., Wholesale Dealers, Toronto.) (Dobell, Beckett & Co., Exporters, Quebec. ) MR. GEO. CORMACK, MR. S. C. KANADY, (Wholesale Dealer, Whitby, Ont.) (S. C. Kanady & Co., Wholesale Dealers, Toronto.) CANADIAN WHOLESALE DEALERS AND EXPORTERS 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN CANADIAN LUMBERMEN. By Met. L. SALEyY. The Veteran American Lumber Journalist Indulges in a few Personal Reminiscences and Pays a ‘Tribute to Canadian Character. As a sort of prelude let me say that I like the Canadian lumbermen with whom I have come in contact, and am glad of this opportunity to shake hands with all of them at once through these columns. I like them because they are stout, vigorous, frank, and know their business. Mr. Eddy, who has figured so long and prominently in Canadian lumber affairs, was born in a New England state, and is consequently not a very stocky man, and like the majority of us yankees, _ may have the dyspepsia tucked onto him, but with this exception your lumbermen who have come directly under my observation look as though they might live long enough to see Canada annexed to the United States. Mr. Little, whom I am glad to count among my friends, is not built like a Sampson, but he is wiry enough to make up for any deficiency in other directions. Permit me also to add that I am an admirer of Mr. Little, for he is doing a good work. Any man who battles for the trees is battling for humanity. Mr. Little and I have had some rather sharp tilts, but it was not because we were personal enemies. He was very radical one way in his estimate of the amount of standing timber, and I was very radical the other, hence we disagreed. Mr. Little, however, has seen the error of his way—so have I, and we have struck hands and are now working for a common cause. This is the gospel we dispense: No matter how much timber there is in Canada, or this side of the line, every stick of it should be most wisely conserved, for all too soon the de- mands of civilization will call for it. And when it is gone, what then? I will stop right here, for I don’t like to think about it. I started out to say a few words about the healthfulness of your lumbermen. They look as robust as some of the trees upon the sunny side of Georgian Bay. Let me instance Mr. Cook. He used to come in to see me, and his face would fairly beam with health and its resultants. It is a fad, these days, to use the word limitations— everybody with any ‘‘ form” to his writings must somewhere in course of his article say limitations —so I will say that a man of that kind, a man who has had a good bring up and whose stomach and liver attend strictly to business, really has no limitation. When a men gets up in the morning with no bad taste in his mouth he can endure and accomplish to his own surprise, and to the down- fall of his puny competitors. business or professional life is like a sick hound in a pack—the healthy dogs are going to pick up the rabbits. I have noticed that many of your lumbermen A sick man in have come down from the Scotch and English, and, as a rule, they have not had far to come. To be a bit personal, I descended on one side from the French, and it is not improbable that my grandfather and the grandfather of some great, rich Canadian crossed swords on the field of Waterloo. of it! very big after all. time smooths out many a wrinkle, and though our ancestors may have fought—though your grandfather gave it to my grandfather until he lumberman may have Think As it has been said, the world isn’t so But the great flat-iron of threw up the sponge—we, thank God, are friends. And in returning these thanks I want to divest the idea of any individual significance, and apply it to the great nations which we respectively represent. Time acts as a filter, and as we glide through it we become better, and purer, and less wild bull like. There is a good deal of the rough-and-ready about the American lumbermen. They inherit it directly from Andrew Jackson. They do .not mean anything bad, for their hearts are good and warm, but too many of them will spit on the floor, and keep their hats on when, according to Hoyle, they should remove them. I love my countrymen, but if a greater proportion of them had more of that true gentleness of manner so marked in the better class of foreigners, it wouldn’t hurt them. I am beginning to believe that the manners of a good many of us are a little too abrupt. We have been taught to believe there is virility in this abruptness. We are inclined to look upon polished manners as removed from that common sense which should guide us in our every day life. This is false philosophy, however. Common sense and pol- ished manners should go hand in hand for the very good reason that only those who possess common sense can appreciate such manners. Come to turn this subject over in detail in my mind I do not remember having met a Canadian lumberman, an English or German lumberman, whose manners would do violence to the most approved drawing-room etiquette. Is it to their credit ? It certainly is if it is to the credit of men to round out as many sides of their nature as possible ; and I believe that in time we will find out that is what we are here for. The Canadian lumbermen are hospitable, too. When in Detroit the last time I ran over to Windsor on the ferry boat to see if I could finda few trinkets cheap which could be smuggled back, and seeing a lumber sign, stepped in. I had not been in the office a half hour when the proprietor asked me if I would accompany him up to Walker’s. We boarded one of those funny little street cars, in which the seats face outward, and dashed away behind the frisking mule for Walker’s. You lumbermen know the line of industry in which Walker is engaged. Of course you do. He makes Walker’s club, you know. I will not say here what kind of a club it is. It may be a base ball ‘‘club.” If I should say exactly the kind of club it is, my wife, who may have this article sent to her by somebody who wants to make trouble in the family, would be likely to remark that she pitied the men whose appetites were so all-absorbing that there was not enough in the Windsor saloons to satisfy them, and had to go clear up to Walker's. Ignorance is bliss, and if my lumbermen readers understand my meaning, I ask that it go no farther. bermen as I have fingers and toes have invited me over to see them, and to fish and hunt in the First and last, as many Canadian lum- good Queen’s domain, and while the spirit is as strong as a hundred-ton locomotive, and the flesh, I think, would stand it without fading, that pesky panic of ’g3 is still roosting on the necks of a good many of us, you see. Economy is the order of the day, hence while we drink water and wish it were wine, and eat oat-meal broth instead of terrapin soup, the bear and fish will have a chance to grow. NOVEMBER, 1896_ NE ——————————— OSS To be a trifle more serious, if possible: The timber supply is a vital question with Canadian lumbermen, as without logs there can be no lum- ber. On this subject of supply there is diversity of opinion among you. I once heard the question discussed by Mr. Aubrey White and Mr. Little, and they agreed like fire and water. You have a great deal of timber though; there is no question about that ; and here’s a thought that in connec- tion with this subject comes to me incidentally, as it were, but it is thrown out privately and must never get back over the line. I am ignor- ant how much of a police force is kept way up in northern Canada, where nobody lives, to watch the timber, but there are American lumbermen who, if they could have a chance at that timber, and it was guarded by a smaller force than the entire British army, wouldn’t leave a fish-pole standing. Over here we have some of the best men you ever saw who used to haul government timber to the streams all day and sleep all night with a conscience so clear that they would snore loud enough to shake the squirrels out of the trees. But I may as well drop this subject, for 1 do not suppose there is an operator in Canada who will understand what I am talking about. There is no sense in talking Greek to plain, every-day-business lumbermen. This privilege of sitting down and having a quiet little visit with the lumbermen of the Dominion is enjoyable. I already feel much better acquainted with them. Somehow our relations are all the time being more closely knit together. For the first time we will this year eat turkey and say thanks on the same day. True as you live the St. Lawrence shouldn't roll between two nations. And if we should join hands you would have more political fun in a week than you do now in a life time. We are in the midst of the throes of that political fun over here right now, as you know. Orators are sav- ing their country every afternoon and evening, and we common herd are trotting around behind brass bands and neglecting our corn husking. Cull lawyers, who wouldn’t be given a job by a chicken thief, have mastered and are teaching the science of finance, and honest men are being instructed by dishonest politicia to vote so and so when on election day they shall enter the little Australian booth and stand in the presence of their conscience and their God. They do not inform us when we are out of the presence of our conscience and our God, but any such little slip in logic as that disconcerts them not in the least. The phrase is kept in stock and is freely used alike by cross-road haranguers, congressmen and a whole batch of ex-governors. Another taking feature of the political rally is the horse-back procession, a considerable portion of which is not infrequently composed of women. Out on the prairies the young woman, this year, rides man fashion, a dainty foot dangling on either side of the horse, and the men with silver- ed locks who come from their city homes to post us on the 16 to 1 question, sit on the hotel bal- conies and smile on and applaud them as on their prancing steeds they go tittering by. And they wring trom the young men who come in from their farms, wearing their sheep-skin overcoats, a wistful sigh. (There is so much poetry in the subject that unconsciously it trickles out of a fellow.) This campaign is going to relegate the side- Se | —— eS a le a NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 7 saddle in the west to the scrap heap. Thus, the new woman who is mercilessly pursuing us is our peer in a field where we thought we had it all our own way. What may we look for next ? we have the right to ask. But by looking at the clock I see that I must cut this little talk right off at a time when | had just begun to get into the bowels of my subject. Hence, au revoir, as my progenitors were wont to exclaim, which means, | am told. Good luck to you till we meet the next time. THE HARDWOOD SAW MILL. By J. T. ScuHELt. THE idea commonly entertained is that the saw mill owner invests his money, credit and time for the purpose of making a living, paying for the property, and with the hope that he may have something over for the days when he will not be able to jack a log or pile slabs. If any statement of mine, whether of experience or merely an opinion, may be of use to any of your readers in achieving the desire for profitable results in their business, it is the only excuse the author puts forth for writing in this connection. ~ A visit of inspection to fifty hardwood saw mills, as we find them in this country, taking an average lot, would probably make the inspector sure of one thing, that the mill owner was evidently “living,” and earning it by hard enough work, but the hope for anything further would in many cases be a vain one. A man going into the hardwood saw-milling without ex- perience is at a disadvantage “ from the stump to the fac- tory,” and if he makes a success of the venture he will some day be able to tell of the high price he paid for his whistle. But the conditions prevailing this year may con- vince many who have paid for their experience in better days, that there are some things lacking which only hard times and low prices would force them to seriously con sider. We have had occasion to look over many, hardwood plants and stocks of lumber, and in many cases the query has been: ‘‘ Where do you find sale for the low grades and rough stock ?” and the answers have been various. In such cases, if the inquirer will go to the other end of the mill and inspect the logs, he will be liable to ask the proprietor if he buys logs like many he will see in the yard. Here is the place to take the first step towards making a profit, instead of simply working for the living he gets. Good logs will make good lumber with a profit. Poor logs will reduce his average stock to a common lot with little or no profit, and cull logs mean loss every time, even if the logs cost nothing. This is the place to start right. We go into the mill and find an engine 1ox12 pulling at a 60-inch saw and making poor lumber at a high cost, an old rickety edger and no trimmers, and we need not go to the piles to see the lumber. If the logs are good the lumber will be no better than it should be. With a 5 ft. x 14 ft. good boiler, engine say 14-inch bore by 18-inch stroke, one circular, double edger, trimmer, slab re-saw and slab butting-saw can be run in good shape, do good work and enough more to easily pay the difference between it and a rig too light to do its work, and the lumber will be enough better in sawing, edging and appearance to be worth one dollar per 1,000 feet more than a large percentage of the hardwood lumber offered for sale. ; “Logs that will produce good lumber, a well equipped mill run by a man with experience and good judgment, should be a source of profit to the operator when he sells his lumber. In addition to his ordinary lumber there is, in many cases, where the slabs are not very valuable for wood, another profit too often let go.to waste. Ash slabs cut three and four feet long and re-sawed into 3 and 4 inches wide make a wainscotting difficult to equal from the lumber pile, as each piece is from the brightest of the timber and with the handsomest grain possible to get from the log. The same remarks apply to oak. Basswood furnishes drawer stock, and furniture cuttings and soft elm the same. Maple is sometimes more difficult to place to advantage, though turning sticks for furniture makers is one outlet, and school desk makers can buy no such clean, bright, even colored stock in wide and long lumber as can be got from slabs—all bright, white and clear. I have realized from the slab pile, with the work of one man and a boy, and a forty dollar saw rig, enough to pay two-thirds the wages and expenses of running a mill cutting twelve thousand feet a day. The ideas I would wish to convey to readers of this article I may condense into a few words: Buy good logs or none; do not accept cull logs as a gift ; saw them ina good mill; have a good sawyer and engineer as captain and mate of your crew; work up cull pieces and slabs into money-producing shapes; never try to run culls into good lumber, hoping the good will sell the culls, for it will be the culls that will spoil the good; have proper ma- chinery and keep it in order ; keep the mill clean, trim all lumber—and if any money can be made by any one you will be that one. Our markets is another matter of importance to the trade, andI think the most important to the manufac- turer of lumber. Canada produces many times the quan- tity of lumber that she consumes, both in hard and soft woods, and consequently we are cutting export stock. We should realize this fact, though it is a matter that has not received that consideration from our hardwood mill men that it deserves. Many in the trade sell their export stock in the United States markets, feeling that it is the only export market we have, or could have. In this there isa great error. While the Eastern and New England States buy a large proportion of our shipping stock, these same states export to European markets probably more maple, beech, birch, ash, elm and oak, than they buy from Canada, while Canadian exports to Europe of sawn woods of these varieties is a very small item compared with the quantities shipped to the States. Here is a condition that we should change materially. How can it be done? you may ask. There is one way by which to doit, that is: to deal with Europeans direct. Our lengths and sizes are frequently not suited to the needs of the English, and especially the French buyers, and here is a difficulty. The writer in looking into this trade came upon an amusing case lately. For some years we had been supplying a Boston buyer with special lengths and sizes in hardwoods. This year we were asking for a trial order for maple stock from a British ‘buyer, and were in- formed by the Britisher that, having once heard of a place called Canada and ‘‘ The Maple Leaf,” he inferred good maple might be obtained from Canada. He put his idea into effect by ordering a sample shipment from a Quebec shipper who handles pine timber and deals in a large way, and maple in a limited way indeed. The Quebec sample arrived, but was found: ‘‘ To have an unevenness in for- mation not observed in maple before used by us, and sup- plied during the four past years by Messrs. G of Bos- ton, United States. We found the Canadian maple too soft and uneven for our requirements, and not at all so suitable as that we obtained as above noted from Boston.” Some Canuck evidently got an order for maple, and not being an experienced man with maple, was found with logs on hand in September probably, or later. He got the order for that Britisher and it was “ soft and uneven,” but I should judge not so uneven as the mill man, guilty of having maple logs uncut in the fall of the year. That Britisher swears by Boston maple yet, though it grows in Glengarry, and is cut in March and shipped in September, and he is pleased to pay $44.00 per 1000 feet for it at Liverpool. In a former letter to THE LUMBERMAN I dealt with this matter, and claimed then that our common country should assist the hardwood trade to develop a larger market. I then referred the matter to the Ontario government, per- haps wrongly, but I have lately noticed that the lumber business is not of much account with politicians. If we sent a deputation of hardwood lumbermen down to Ot- tawa, and explained to the government that unless we were recognized as our importance seemed to us to warrant, every mothers’ son in the country, interested in owning, sawing or selling hardwoods, would ever after ‘‘ vote agin the guvermint,” we would surprise ourselves to find we were ‘“‘somebody.” We would not ask for a few millions to be granted to us for smelting our logs into furniture or flooring, nor that our saw mill machinery should come in free of duty to help us pay dividends of 40 per cent. per month on our capital, nor. sixty cents a thousand feet bonus for our old age, nor twenty dollars a thousand for fourteen dollar butter-nut lumber, nor that a travelling saw mill be “ skidded” around the townships of the country, with a commissioner to tell us how to build logging camps and tote roads, nor would we even ask Sir Richard Cartwright to see to it right quickly that he establish the latest and best dry kilns in every part of the country, and the railroads to furnish us with ventilat- ing hot chambered cars to get our stock to Montreal in good shape, and no rain to wet a sliver of it, even when it gets to the Liverpool docks. No, we would not even ask for an Institute lecturer to come around and tell us the best time of the moon to cut hemlock, hickory or swamp elm, or whether it is best to wear moccasins or go barefoot. Our lack of advantages—constant contact with the butt end of hard times and store pay—has cultivated to per- fection the desire in the heart of the hardwood mill man to pay his taxes for the good of humanity and the Australian commissioner, and to ‘‘say nothing, but saw wood.” But if, as I started out to say, we sent some of our foremen down to tell Sir Richard we wanted him to send a ‘“‘hand” over to ‘‘Yurip” to get his sizes and shapes and kinds and qualities and lengths before we started to cut and skid, we might expect to take out a better raft, have a better drive, hold a better average, and with less measured off, than to be going it “random” as we are now. We do not doubt but that we are justly entitled to all we may claim, and if we decidedly decide that Jay Lark is ‘no good” to the camp, and get a good ‘“‘hand” in his place, it won't cost the ‘‘company” any more, and will, maybe, get orders to keep the mill running steady all season. But, seriously, I feel satisfied, if a proper party was maintained on the continent for even a portion of one year, it would be a paying benefit to the country at large. Above I mentioned beech as a marketable timber, and I would mention here a use for it locally and ask some of our mill men to try it, and that is-—flooring. For mills, factories and even houses, I like it better than hard maple or birch, especially the red of the timber. Would THE LUMBERMAN ask a Toronto architect to try a beech floor? I can assure him it would be no experi- ment. This wood has been considered fit for only cord- wood, and not the best wood either. THE LATE ARTHUR M. DODGE. ON the 16th of October last Mr. Arthur Murray Dodge, of New York, died at his country residence at Weatogue, Connecticut, at the age of 43 years. In July last he came to Canada feeling unwell, and after a few days was com- pelled to return home, where he remained until the time of his death. Mr. Dodge was prominently connected with the lumber industry of Canada, where he had large financial interests, and was president of the Georgian Bay Lumber Com- pany, of Toronto. He was the youngest son of the late Hon. William E. Dodge, of New York, who during his lifetime was head of the firm of Phelps, Dodge & Co., and was widely known for his philanthropy, as well as his _ business enterprise. With his father he became interested in the Georgian Bay Lumber Company, the Maganeta- wan Lumber Company and the Collingwood Lumber Company, all of which were amalgamated in the Georgian Bay Consolidated Lumber Company, which, owing to the death of his father, and the distribution of his father’s estate, is now being wound up. Deceased was also the chief stockholder in the extensive business of the Dodge & Bliss Box Company, and other enterprises in New York and Jersey City, as well as A. M. Dodge & Co., of Tona- wanda, and Tnokee & Co., of Wisconsin. His brother at one time was a member of the Dominion parliament for North York, being made a British subject by special Act of Parliament. A striking feature in his life was his characteristic enter- prise, to which is largely due the commercial success which he attained. He was also widely known for his generosity. With his family and friends he has for many years spent the summer months on the Georgian Bay, where a few years ago he built a handsome residence on Dodge Island, opposite Midland. He was married to Miss Jewel, daughter of the late Hon. Marshall Jewel, who had been governor of the State of Connecticut and post-master general of the United States. Five sons survive him. ———_— When in need of any kind of machinery or supplies, consult the advertisement pages of this paper, and write advertisers for what you require, not forgetting to mention that you saw their advertisement in THE LUMBERMAN. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 1896 CBVVVOA RVEVEVVVCVVVSTVSVVSSVVVVSVUATVAS } @~ ONTARIO ~O | Tue GREAT WHITE PINE CENTRE OF THE Dominion. —AREA OF PINE LANDS UNDER LICENSE.—-REPRESENTATIVE GEORGIAN Bay MILLs. EXTENSIVE OPERATIONS OF THE RATHBUN CompaANny.—A REVIEW OF THE LuMBER IN- DUSTRY OF THE OTTAWA VALLEY.—THE SQUARE TIMBER BusSINEss. NTARIO, although greater variety of trees than any other province of the Dominion, is renowned for its extensive pine for- ests, which have been the chief source of lumbering operations for many years. Dense pineries are located in the Ottawa valley and the Georgian Bay district, and while the quantity has been reduced by forest fires and the much timber of excellent This wood possessing a lumberman’s axe, quality still remains. for house finishing and many similar purposes. The hardwoods of On- tario are also of con- siderable variety and abundance, being dis- tributed more widely throughout the whole province. Those of the greatest commer- is unrivalled cial importance are: oak, elm, maple, ash, birch, beech, hickory, basswood, cherry, etc. " The forests of Ontario +f are controlled by the provincial ment, and provide the govern- principal source of revenue. It naturally follows that the policy of the government has given special attention to obtaining as complete data as possible touching on the pine forests of the province, while on the other hand little information is obtainable regarding the extent and location of hardwoods. In northern Ontario, and extending into the unexplored regions, some fine varieties of spruce abound. In the past this wood has not been of much value commercially. Its increasing use for the manufacture of pulp, largely for export, now gives promise of creating a demand, and within the past few years several pulp mills have been established. The timber regulations issued by the Crown state that all timber berths shall be subject to an annual ground rent of $3 per square mile, together with the following Crown dues, viz.: Se, Black Walnut and Oak, per cubic foot ......... 0 03 Elm, Ash, Tamarac and Maple, per cubic foot .. 0 02 Birch, Basswood, Cedar, Buttonwood and Cot- tonwood, and all Boom Timber, per cubic (OOO, Soa Me tiioh.« aun a o 014 Red and White Pine Timber, per cubic foot..... Oo 02 SRNR TE SMU DSGNRT iets oie led fe lates clase bie sine a Oo O1 Basswood, ~ Buttonwood and Cottonwood Saw Logs, per standard of 200 feet board CpYee rie A al SAIS 0.5. cee 0” Lbs Red and White Pine Saw Logs and Boom Tim- ber, per standard of 200 feet board measure 0 20 Walnut, Oak and Maple Saw Logs, per standard of 200 feet board measure.........--..-- Oo 25 A Hemlock, Spruce and other Woods, per standard $ c. of 200 feet board measure ........+..++++ o 10 All unmeasured cull Saw Log’s to be taken at the average of the lot, and to be charged for at the same rate. Staves, Pipe, per mille ........6---..0 ee eee eee 7 00 do. West Indian, per mille.........--....+- zat Cordwood (hard) per cord........-.++++s++e00- o 20 do. (Soft)! "s:dos ath sree se gua ictis eles o 12% Hemlock, Tan Bark, per cord ........-..+-+--. 0 30 Railway Timber, Knees, etc., to be charged 15 per cent. ad valorem. The dues on pine timber cut under authority of license, so far as relates to berths or limits Ee Ci \ eT cee cee on arene eee ei AN m= SAW MILL OF THE GEORGIAN BAY LUMBER CO., WAUBAUSHENE. in the Districts of Nipissing and Algoma, sold at the sale of October, 1892, are :— Square Timber—$z5 per 1,000 feet cubic. Saw Logs—$1.25 per 1,000 feet board measure. According to a return presented to the Legis- lature in 1893, there were about 21,000 square miles ot pine lands under license, and 24,410 square miles of pine lands still unsold. In addi- tion, there is an area of 89,000 square miles of territory upon which there is more or less pine, but which has not been taken into account by the Crown. The receipts from woods and forests during 1895 were $853,179.86, which included $76,- 579-73 from bonuses and $61,493.49 from ground rents, the balance, $715,106.64, being the revenue from timber dues. The timber cut was as follows: Pine saw logs, 800,565,355 ft. B. M.; other saw logs, 12,917,017 ft. B. M.; boom and dimension timber, 34,024,047 ft. B.M.; square white pine, 873,304 cu. ft.; cedar, 336,- 995 lineal ft., besides minor products to the value of $1,096,934.42. At the Government sale of timber limits in 1892, over 600 square miles were disposed of, the prices realized being largely in excess of any ui = , ul previous values. $3,657.18 per mile. The Georgian Bay district has for many years furnished a large portion of the supply of logs required by Michigan mills, several American manufacturers owning extensive Cana- dian limits. The repeal of the export duty on logs, exacted by the Canadian government a few years ago, greatly stimulated the rafting of logs across the lake to Michigan points. During the season now closing, however, it is believed statistics will show a considerable decrease, the depression in the lumber business consequent upon a Presidential election in the United States causing lumbermen to curtail operations. The highest price paid was Located throughout the province are a number of extensive and well equipped saw mills, descriptions of some of which appear below : "GEORGIAN BAY LUMBER COMPANY. One of the oldest established lumber concerns of the Georgian Bay district is the Georgian Bay” Lumber Company, Ltd., the history of which dates back to the year 1869, when Mr. A. G. P. Dodge purchased the mill property and lim- its of Messrs. William Hall, of Waubaushene, A. R. Christie, of Port Severn, and William Laramie, of Sturgeon Bay. Subsequently other lands and limits in the neighborhood were purchased, all of which were incorpor- ated in a company called the Georgian Bay Lumber Company. The name was after- . wards changed to the me. eee = Georgian Bay Consoli- tb a Lt a4 dated Lumber Com- Trt pany, when the mill ts property in Colling- . wood owned by Hotchkiss, Peckham & Co., and the prop- erties at Byng Inlet owned by Mr. Dodge and White & Co., were purchased and incorporated therein. Mr. Anson Dodge subsequently retired, his father, the Hon. W. E. Dodge, of New York, with his son, the late Arthur M. Dodge, becoming the purchasers. The property at Byng Inlet, includ- ing the very extensive Maganetawan limite, were disposed of to Merrill, Ring & Co., of Saginaw, and the Collingwood mills were sold to Toner & Gregory, of that town. In 1893 the present company, called the Geor- gian Bay Lumber Co., Ltd., was formed, at which time the Waubaushene and Port Severn properties, with the extensive limits connected therewith and other valuable limits on the Wahnapite, were purchased from the Consoli- dated Company, which, owing to the death of the Hon. W. E. Dodge, went into voluntary liquidation. The present company, until the death of Mr. A. M. Dodge a fortnight ago, was composed of Messrs. Arthur M. Dodge and D. Stewart Dodge, of New York, Alderman James Scott, of Toronto, W. J. Sheppard and H. L. Lovering, of Coldwater, and some others who have been long connected with the business, the officers being: A. M. Dodge, president ; James Scott, vice-president ; C. P. Stocking, secretary- treasurer ; W. J. Sheppard, general manager. About the middle of August last the Port Severn mill was struck by lightning and burned, together with the company’s store and store- house, all of which were a total loss. This mill was the third which had been erected at that NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN | 5 place, and had a capacity of fifteen to twenty million feet per year. It was a water power mill, equipped with two gangs, a circular and a pair of twin circulars, with the usual trimmers, edgers, etc., necessary to make a complete mill. In connection therewith were also a lath mill and a shook mill, the latter being for the purpose of manutacturing slabs into material from which box shooks were made. The exten- sive piling grounds on each side of the river af- forded accommodation for about ten million feet Shipments were made by water, and of lumber. the year 1884, the property was har.ded over to his son, Mr. J. B. Miller, who is now president of the company. The other officers are Mr. John McClelland, vice-president, and Mr. W. B. Tin- dall, secretary treasurer. The mill property is situated in the town of Parry Sound, on the Georgian Bay, their limits, comprising 300 square miles, being situated con- tiguous tothe mill and being watered by the Seguin river. The farthest limit is said to be only twenty miles from the town, which neces- sarily permits of bringing the logs to the mill at PARRY SOUND LUMBER CO.’S MILL AT PARRY SOUND. also by scow to Waubaushene, whence the lumber was carried by rail. The Waubaushene mill is located on the south-east corner of the Georgian Bay, about ten miles from Midland. This mill was erected in the year 1881, and is one of the most com- plete establishments for the manufacture of lumber west of the Ottawa river. The machin- ery is of the latest, most improved and substan- tial character, and was furnished almost entirely by the Whiliam Hamilton Manufacturing Co., of Peterboro. The equipment consists of one circular, one slabbing gang, two stock gangs and a pair of twin circulars, together with two edgers, two trimmers, lath mill, shook mill and necessary accompanying machinery. Unique labor-saving appliances are provided for handling and disposing of the lumber and refuse. The capa- city of the mill in eleven hours is 300,000 feet, the lath mill producing 30,000 lath in the same time. The annual output averages from twenty- eight to thirty million feet, the mill operating in the day time only, and not running even until the end of the season. One of the finest piling grounds in Canada is connected with this mill, seven sidings running into the yard from the Grand Trunk Railway, which permits of the lumber and lath being handed from the pile to the car. The tramways are equipped with T rails of a substantial kind, and cover several miles in extent. The yard is located a sufficient distance from the mill to minimize the danger of fire spreading from one to the other. From their extensive docks large vessels can load and unload. An electric plant furnishes light for the mill, thereby doing away _ with night owls, which are so dangerous from an insurance point of view. From this plant the principal buildings in the village are also lighted. The company also own two stores in the village, from which the inhabitants are supplied with all necessaries. PARRY SOUND LUMBER COMPANY. In the year 1872 the Parry Sound Lumber Company, Ltd., was incorporated, the principal shareholders being Mr. A. G. P. Dodge, of New York, and the late J. C Miller. The latter after- wards became the sole owner, and upon his death, which occurred in Southern California in ca a very small cost. The company possess prob- ably the largest block of standing timber on the shore, some of which is virgin forest. The saw mill is water power, driven by four water wheels, the power being obtained from the Seguin river. Itis equipped with two flat gangs, two slabbing gangs and one large circular, with all necessary appurtenances. This mill was the first in the district to use thin gang saws, the gauge being between 14 and 15. The docks — The company have alsoa controlling interest in the steel steamer ‘‘Seguin,” which has a carry- ing capacity of one million feet, and was built at Parry Sound by the Polson Iron Works Company. Mr. Miller, the president, was born at Farmers- ville, now Athens, Ont., on the 26th of July, 1862. He began his commercial career with his father, and upon his death 12 years ago assumed the management of the company’s business. MICKLE, DYMENT AND SON. The organization of the present firm of Mickle, Dyment & Son was effected in the year 1886, being composed of Messrs. Charles Mickle, N. Dyment and S. Dyment. They purchased ex- tensive timber limits, and at the time of the failure of Christie, Kerr & Co. were compelled to take over the limits held by that company and situated on the South Muskoka and Black rivers. To-day they are possessors of upwards of three hundred square miles of limits, located in the townships of Oakley, Ridout, Livingston, Peck, Sherbourne and Hudson. They acquired the mill properties, Nos. 1 and 2, formerly owned by Charles Mickle and situated at Gravenhurst, on Muskoka Bay, and also purchased No. 3 mill at the same place from Thomas Tait. After- wards the mill property at Barrie owned by Mickle & Dyment, and the Bradford mill of Christie, Kerr & Co. passed into their posses- sion. A mill was then erected by the company at Severn Bridge, on the Severn river, while they also purchased a mill at that place from P. Christie. In 1887 No. 1 millat Gravenhurst was destroyed by fire and was never rebuilt, while a little later the Barrie mill was also burned. The mill at Bradford has since been torn down and the machinery removed to the new mill at Severn Bridge, and No. 3 mill has been changed to a shingle mill. The company are, therefore, in possession of two saw and two shingle mills, one of each being located at Severn Bridge and one at Gravenhurst. The view of the Gravenhurst mill shown was taken in 1887. The saw mill at Gravenhurst has a capacity, per day of ten hours, of 80,000 feet of lumber, 20,000 shingles and 25,000 lath. It is steam power, being driven by a 125 h.p. engine and three tubular boilers. VIEW OF PARRY SOUND LUMBER CO.’S MILL, SHOWING TRAMWAYS. have a piling capacity for ten million feet, at which the largest boats on the lakes can load. The shingle mill contains two ‘“« Boss”? ma- chines, having a capacity of 75,000 per day. Large shingle sheds are provided, with a capacity of four to five million shingles, which enables the output of the mill to be kept under cover, there- by keeping it in good condition. The annual production of the company is from ten to twelve million feet of pine lumber, ten million shingles and six million laths, and in the neighborhood of one hundred hands are em- ployed. The equipment of the mill consists of one circular and one band saw, with edgers and trimmers complete, lath mill and Drake shingle machine. In addition to the mill there is a filing room, 20x 50 feet, and machine shop, also planing mill with output of 15,000 feet per day. The lumber is taken from the mill on high cars, being ten feet from rail to platform. The shingle mill has a capacity of 160,000 per day, and contains tour shingle machines, driven by a 65 h. p. engine and two boilers. The logs for these mills are brought down the Muskoka river from their limits, and towed from the mouth wi - Jers GANADA LUMBpP eI ot the river, across Muskoka lake, to the mill, a distance of eleven miles, a tug being kept specially for this purpose. The piling grounds in connection with the mills afford accommoda- tion for twelve million feet of lumber. A gang saw instead of a band is the only differ- ence in the equipment of the mills at Severn Bridge from those at Gravenhurst. An electric light plant in connection with the mills furnishes light. The logs for this mill come down from their limits tributary to the Black river. In the location of their limits and mills the company are particularly fortunate, as should it be found expedient at any time to close down there to the extent of $250,000, with its principal place of business at Oswego, N. Y., and secur- ing to it all the privileges of an American com- pany. The capital stock of the company is held entirely by the sons and daughters of the late Hugo B. Rathbun. The company owns and operates about 550,000 acres of timber lands under government license, 60,000 acres of deeded timber lands, and 7,750 acres of timber rights only. It holds large blocks of virgin forests, mainly pine, which for conveni- ence and cost would have paid far better than much that has been operated ; but this timber has been kept intact as a factor of value for future returns. a er MICKLE, DYMENT & SON’S MILL AT GRAVENHURST. the mills at either place, the logs from any sec- tion may be conveniently taken to the other mill. At the various mills of the company upwards of one hundred men are employed during the saw- ing season, while the average number sent to the woods each winter is 250. The firm of Mickle, Dyment & Son are among the most enterprising lumbermen of Ontario. Mr. Charles Mickle looks after the manufactur- ing portion of the business and resides in Graven- hurst, while the Messrs. Dyment are located at Barrie and devote their attention to the commer- cial end. JAMES PLAYFAIR & COMPANY. A view of the mill, docks, etc., of the above firm is to be seen on this page. They are located at Midland, on the south-eastern shore of the Georgian Bay. The business was started in 1884, the principal lumber manufactured being white pine. The mill is now cutting on a ten years’ contract for Arthur Hill & Company, of Saginaw, Mich. The capacity is about 150,000 feet per day of 10% hours, the average output per year being in the neighborhood of twenty-five millions. A specialty is made of bill timber. There is also in connection therewith a lath and shingle mill. The machinery consists of a band saw, circular saw, anda No. 1 Wickes gang, fitted up with the latest improved accompaniments, such as steam stock lifters, niggers, log docks, etc. Power is furnished by four engines, so that if any part of the machinery stops it does not affect the whole mill. ; THE RATHBUN COMPANY. This is one of the most extensive concerns in Canada, and was incorporated by special act of parliament in 1883. Its paid up capital stock is $1,500,000, with power to increase to $2,500,000. Itis abroad gauge charter, granting all the powers of general merchants and dealers, general manu- facturers, common carriers, warehousemen, and ship and vessel builders and owners. In 1884, by special act, the company was authorized under the laws of the state of New York to hold property The temptation of good returns has not influenced the company to sacrifice future profits. Timber lands are logged with an eye to safety against fire and a continued supply of fair average qual- ity. On the lands are found large quantities of cedar, hemlock, tamarack, basswood, ash, maple, birch, etc., for which there is found excellént and increasing markets. This timber is largely tribu- tary to the rivers flowing into the Bay of Quinte, namely, the Napanee, the Moira, the Salmon and the Trent. The completion of the Kingston, Napanee and Western Railway, owned by the NOVEMBER, 1896 Campbellford, Lindsay, Ottawa, Brockville and Peterboro, Ontario. For 30 years the best efforts of the management have been directed to work- ing out the details of the original conception ; first, to secure a sufficiency of timber accessible to Deseronto to warrant the establishment of substantial industries of a permanent character ; second, to so manipulate the coarse and refuse products of the forests as to enlarge and perpetu- ate the yield therefrom, and to profitably utilize the waste of the mill, which otherwise would be a great loss of material and would cost a large sum of money to get out of the way; third, to provide the best means of transporting the raw material from the forests to the mills, and provide the best and most economical methods for marketing the output of the mills and fac- tories. THE STONE SAW MILL, DESERONTO. The first saw mill owned by the company’s predecessors was located on this site in 1849, was a small wooden structure, which steadily grew to a mill of 15,000,000 feet capacity, and was de- stroyed by fire. The present building is stone, with iron roof, gox 115 feet, a brick iron-roofed fireproof engine and boiler house, 50 x 8o feet, and a wooden addition, 60 x go feet. A Stearns band and double edger, two Wickes gangs, a slabbing gang and a twin circular, manufactured by the Wm. Hamilton Manufacturing Company, with an unusually large complement of small ma- chinery, make up the equipment. All the parts are apparently well balanced, and everything goes with the precision of a clock movement. The entire product is moved with the minimum of manual labor. The twin circular is a unique machine, with shot gun feed, anda single ‘‘dog”’ at the end of the log. The motive power is a twin engine, each cylinder 26x30 inches, backed by seven steel boilers, all located in fireproof compartments. The lumber drops to slides from the trimmer, where it is sorted to standard gauge cars for dis- tribution. It is the most perfect system possible, all departments being connected by standard gauge tracks, each practically a terminal of the Bay of Quinte Railway. The switching engines are kept constantly employed at this mill. The docks in connection with the mill have sufficient frontage to enable the lumber to be piled as it comes from the mill, so that it can largely be shipped directly into vessels without haulage. There are ten miles of railway tracks in the yard F™ JAS. PLAYFAIR & CO same company, to a connection with the Canadian Pacific and Kingston and Pembroke roads, has opened a cheap and expeditious rail route to Deseronto for the forest products of these and other sections tributary to the streams intersect- ing those railways, as well as the railways stated. The timber licenses were purchased from the crown, and the tenure is considered perpetual, but subject to a charge of $3 per square mile a year for ground rent, besides dues upon the tim- ber taken out. The company owns lumber yards, docks, offices and sheds at Oswego, N. Y., and at Nap- anee, Kingston, Gananoque, Picton, Belleville, _ ing machinery. .S MILL AT MIDLAND. and on the docks in connection with the Deser- onto business. SASH, DOOR AND BLIND FACTORY, AND GENERAL WOOD-WORKING DEPARTMENT, DESERONTO. This factory was started in a small way in 1874, has had five stages of development, and is now a substantial two-storey brick building 60x 319 feet, with an L 4ox 100 feet. The building is divided into four’ compartments with heavy brick walls for fire protection, is covered with as- bestos roofing, has automatic fire sprinklers on both flats, is heated throughout with steam, and is equipped with the most improved wood-work- The lumber is delivered to the es THE CANADA LUMBERMAN department from the yard or kilns on standard gauge railway tracks. It is the largest factory of the kind in the Dominion. This industry utilizes door panels and cuttings from slabs and edgings of the lumber mills, as well as using a class of stock containing defects which injure its value for export, yet from which a choice quality is cut. All sound cuttings down to nine inches long from the mills are saved and utilized. This department supplies the company’s agencies with all descriptions of finished building materials. The average number of hands employed the year round is 160. In connection with this factory are works for the manu- facture of match splints from the waste ends of the mills and factories. A rear view of the stone saw mill, blacksmith and machine shops, and sash, door and blind factory and general wood-working department is shown on this page. This view gives a clear idea of the size of the wood-working department. The export business is done through the company’s own representatives in Britain, with headquarters in London and Glasgow, who also manage the company’s warehouse and dock at 28 City Road Basin, London, Eng- land, exporting match splints, electric casings, doors, sashes, mouldings and lumber. Doors, etc., are also exported to Australia and South Africa. 2i2 we SE * aa 2. SERONTO. ) CEDAR MILL--RATHBUN CoO., DI THE CEDAR MILL—DESERONTO. This mill was started in a small way in 1872 to meet a demand from the United States for cedar timber cut to suitable shapes for railroad sleepers, fence posts, shingles, etc., and for pine, hemlock, etc., cut long lengths for structural purposes, and to saw plank and other stuff for the company’s ship work. It isa twoand three story structure of wood, the outside walls being lined with brick, with stone partition walls. The size is 60 x 180 feet, with an addition of 30x 85, fitted with automatic sprinklers and steam force pumps. The boiler and engine room is fire-proof. This mill is fully equipped with the best class of machinery for the economical manufacture of this class of material and is operated the year round. Its power equipment is a single engine with condenser, and backed by five boilers of 375 horse power. In place of the usual refuse burner, the company erected furnaces over which were placed four steam boilers capable of providing 100-horse power each, utilizing the steam thus produced at the flour mill, and supplying the chemical works and town water works pumps at a fair paying rate. Wet bark, rotten stuff, some sawdust and all ‘‘the holes” make a hard looking lot of fuel, but allgoes. In connection with this steam plant, on a SERONTO. 4 VIEW OF STONE MILL AND GENERAL WOOD-WORKING DEPARTMENT—RATHBUN CO., DI 12 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Se ——————————— NOVEMBER, 1896 wharf, is an open iron roofed building, 75 x 396 feet, 27 feet high at the eaves, into which an elevated railway track runs the entire length. This serves to hold much of the refuse not re- quired during the sawing season, and which is delivered on cars holding about two cords each and moved by steam motors. This refuse is used for fuel during the winter months to run the dry kilns and other departments, all of which pay or account therefor at a proper price. THE OSWEGO YARD. The property at Oswego, N. Y., consists of water frontages, docks and storage facilities, to which additions have been made as the growth of trade demanded. The growing business in- dicates the advantages of the location. Starting in 1880 with a trade amounting to $159,242.85, it has done a business in fifteen years amounting to some $6,000,000. In addition to the above an average of from 15,00,000 to 20,000,000 feet of lumber have annually been transhipped to Albany, N. Y. Since 1882 it has been under the management of Charles H. Bond, who has grown up in the lumber business. THE CAMPBELLFORD SAW MILL was located on the Trent river in 1886 for the pur- pose of manufacturing : railway ties and the sawing of such logs other than pine as were found to be in- clined to become water - logged when they reached that point, and thus save them from _ probable loss on the way down the river. It is newly equipped with machin- ery, and has ample facilities in the way of land. It is connected by railway direct to the mill, and is the headquarters for a part of the Trent river log- ging operations, under the management of Thomas Callaghan. The company also have mills located at Lindsay for similar purposes, and are us- ing the same class of material as that at Campbellford. At Gravenhurst they have also a mill with a capacity of about 7,000,000 feet per year. THE TORONTO AGENCY was established in 1881 for the purpose of pur- chasing lumber and forest products on the lines of railway tributary thereto, and on the north shore of the Georgian Bay and Lake Huron, to supply the requirements of the Oswego yard and the factory at Deseronto, which could be thus better met than by the company’s mills alone. This point is also a center for the purchase of red oak, basswood, ash and red birch, which are found north and west from Toronto, the handling of which has become an important factor of the Oswego yard. A large city trade is also done from the office on Front street. Mr. E. W. Rathbun was made general man- ager in 1862, when about 20 years of age, and has been its manager ever since. Mr. Frederic S. Rathbun, secretary and treas- urer, and acting manager in the absence of the manager, began in 1872. Mr. E. Walter Rathbun is superintendent of the general outside work. GILMOUR & COMPANY. The above company have for many years con- ducted an extensive establishment at Trenton, manufacturing lumber, dimension timber, lath, WM. shingles, etc. They also have a complete wood- working establishment, from which is turned out a variety of work, such as sashes, doors, pickets, interior finishing woods, etc. The saw mill cuts annually about 40,000,000 feet of pine, and is furnished with three band saws and three large gangs, besides a complement of circular and and other saws for cutting pickets, staves, barrel headings, and other articles. The mill is driven by steam engines, which furnish upwards of 1,500 horse power. The planing mill is located two miles from the saw mill. The company have re- cently erected a fine saw mill at Canoe Lake, in Algonquin Park, adjacent to their limits. A de- scription of this mill was promised for this num- ber, but had not been received at time of going to press. The Gilmour Company manufacture largely for the South American market, but lately have also been giving some attention to cutting deals for the British trade. THE OTTAWA VALLEY. EXTENSIVE OPERATIONS OF CANADIAN LUMBERMEN. In writing of the lumber industry of the Ottawa valley we must necessarily include a por- tion of the province ot Quebec, the territory em- MACKEY'S RAFT OF SQUARE TIMBER, OTTAWA, braced being that adjacent to the Ottawa river and its tributaries on both sides, the Ottawa river being the dividing line between the two provinces for a considerable distance. The length of the Ottawa river from its outlet into the St. Lawrence, as far as explored, is in the neighborhood of 750 miles, although lumbering op- erations have as yet only extended a distance of about 375 miles above the city of Ottawa. On the north side of the river the principal tributaries which have afforded assistance to the lumberman in floating his logs to a point of manufacture are the Rouge, ‘Nation, Lariviere, Gatineau, Cou-» longe, Black, Schyan, Du Moine, Bear, Magna- cippi, Beauchene and Kippewa. To the south of the Ottawa, in the province of Ontario, are the Madawaska, Petite Nation, Rideau, Missis- sippi, Bonnechere, Indian, Petawawa, Mattawa, and Amable du Fond rivers. The Ottawa valley, as is well known to lum- bermen, possesses the greatest pine producing forests of Canada, the timber being both of the largest and best on the continent. It also pro- duces large quantities’ of tamarack, ash, elm, white oak, birch, maple, etc., while recent dis- coveries have verified the belief that immense spruce forests exist in territories as yet unex- plored. The area of the valley is perhaps about 80,000 square miles. Various estimates have been made of the quantity of timber existing thereon, but the figures presented by the differ- ent experts are somewhat at variance. According to the ‘‘ Forest Wealth of Canada,” prepared by Mr. Johnson, Dominion Statistician, the total product of the Upper Ottawa, which extends from the eastern watershed of the Ottawa river up to the head of Lake Temiscam- ingue, from 1826 to 1881, was as follows : PIECES. PRovVINCES. “Bes ' Other Pine Square Pine.) Woods Saw-logs Ontario: f.ch paadeen eae 75173 182 494,824 22,005,108 Quebec. «2... sees sees 3)955-166 20 ,338 | 19,507,159 Total aco. “2 1,128,348 704,162 41 51 ,267 During fifty-six years an average of 199,600 pieces of square pine timber and of 741,300 pine saw-logs was taken out. For eleven years, from 1882 to 1892, the annual output of square white pine averaged 64,414 pieces, and pine saw logs 3,807,800 pieces. In the Lower Ottawa agency, from 1856 to 1881 crown dues were paid on 106,398 pieces of square white pine, 943 pieces of square red pine, 38,459 pieces of other woods, princip- ally birch, 59735,931 pieces pine saw logs, and 383,354 pieces spruce logs. square white pine, 95,155 pieces were cut in the first fifteen years and 11,243 pieces in thefollowingten years. In 1881 the cut of pine was 405,709 logs, and in 1891 451,538 logs. In 1806 the first raft of square timber left the mouth of the Gat- ineau. From _ that time the business gradually increased, and during the years from 1850 to 1878 large quantities were rafted down the St. Lawrence to Quebec for shipment to Great Britain. But, as the above figures show, there has been a steady decrease in the quantity of square timber manu- factured since that date, while sawn or manufac- tured lumber has greatly increased, and the annu- al output for the past few years has been in the neighborhood of six hundred million feet. There is yet to be found in the Ottawa valley consider- pole quantities of pine suitable for square timber. Of the forests of the valley, perhaps one-third have been denuded of their merchantable timber. This has been the result not only of the inroads of the lumberman, but also of forest fires. Among the first large operators in the square timber business were the Gilmours, the late John Egan, the Macdonalds, Alex. Fraser, Wm. Mackey, the McLaughlins, Gillies & McLaren, the Caldwells, Thistle, Carswell & Co., Hurd- man Bros., A. & P. White, Klock Bros., the Poupores, Barnett & Mackie, and Alex. Barnett. Some of these have withdrawn entirely from the lumber business, while others are devoting their attention to sawn lumber. Still connected with the business are Messrs. Wm. Mackey, Alex. Fraser, Thos. Mackie, Alex. Barnett and Klock Bros. During the past summer only four rafts were taken down the river, while some years ago as many as two hundred found their way ito Quebec for shipment. A view of a raft taken out by Mr. Mackey appears on this page, which 1896. pe ae NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN a also shows the Chaudiere docks. It is said to be one of the best ever taken out, both as regards quality and manufacture. At no other point in the Dominion is the manu- facture of lumber carried on so extensively as in the Ottawa valley. Within the past few years the quantity disposed of in the British market has greatly increased, and many manufacturers dispose of their entire season’s cut to one shipper. Amongst the largest operators are Messrs. J. R. Booth, Bronson & Weston, W. C. Edwards & Co., Gilmour & Hughson, the Hull Lumber Company, Pembroke Lumber Company, Hawkes- bury Lumber Company, Wm. Mason & Sons, Mr. Hrram Rosinson, President Hawkesbury Lumber Company. McLachlin Bros., St. Anthony Lumber Co. and Gillies Bros. Other prominent manufacturers are the Canada Lumber Company, Messrs. Ross Bros., Estate Jas. McLaren, Ottawa Lum- ber Company, A. Hagar & Co., Klock Bros., J. R. & J. Gillies, A. Lindsay, R. W. Conroy, A. & P. White, John Mackay, Martin Russell, Carswell & Francis and the Shepherd & Morse Lumber Company. Descriptions and _illustra- tions pertaining to the operations of several of these manufacturers appear below : THE HAWKESBURY LUMBER COMPANY. The Hawkesbury mills are situated on the Ot- tawa river, in the county of Prescott, Ontario, on the first break on the Ottawa, half way between Ottawa city and Montreal. The mills were first founded on the Ottawa by Thomas Mears in the year 1804, and subsequently became the property Saw MILts. of William and George Hamilton in the year 1808, and were enlarged and improved from time to time. They are supplied with power from the Ottawa river. A very substantial stone dam, about 1,200 feet in length crosses from the On- tario side of the Ottawa to a large island, giving the necessary head. The property remained in the hands of the Hamilton family until the death of the Hon. John Hamilton in 1888, when it be- came the property of the Hawkesbury Lumber Co., Ltd., the company being composed of Hiram Robinson, President; H. K. Egan, Managing Director, and R. L. Blackburn, Secretary. Mr. Robinson, whose portrait we present, has spent life in connection with the A view of the mills is also all his business Hawkesbury mills. shown. These mills were the first large saw mills es- tablished on the Ottawa river, and their output has been principally deals for the English market, where their brand ‘‘H” is well known to the trade on that side. They also manufacture all grades of white and red pine, their output being from fifty to sixty million feet perseason. Their supply of pine is taken from their limits on the Dumoine, Black and Sweyo rivers, in the pro- vince of Quebec, and on the river Petawawa, in the province of Ontario. Early in May last two of the mills were de- ment of Mr. James Wood. Some conception of their extent may be obtained from the illustra- tions appearing on this page. The saw mill was built some years ago by Mr. Isaac Tyndal, but has since been improved to meet the demands of the trade. Three Stephen- son duplex turbine wheels, two 38 inches and one 43 inches, operate the machinery in the lum- ber mill, generating about 700 h. p. The equip- ment consists of one Allis and two Prescott band saws and a Wicks gang, with necessary trim- mers, edgers, etc. The dimension mill is operated by two 30-inch Stephenson turbine wheels, and contains two sets of lath and shingle machines. Conveyors HAWKESBURY LUMBER COMPANY’S MILLS, HAWKESBURY, ONT. stroyed by fire. One of these was a spare mill and used only in the early spring. Of the re- maining mills, three in number, one is furnished with a Wicks oscillating gate, a pair of twin circulars, and a large circular, having two double edgers, etc.; another is a band mill with double edger and butters, with paling, lath and shingle machines, and band re-saw, the third mill having two dealing gangs, with their accompanying slabbing gangs, two double edgers and one cir- cular splitter. In an additional building is contained a slab splitter and butter, also a deal edger and butter. It is probable that the company will add another mill at an early date. There are in connection with the mills 17 miles of double piling tram car tracks and a piling capacity for 80 million feet of lumber. The town of Hawkesbury and the Hawkesbury mills have both rail and navigation facilities. W. C. EDWARDS & COMPANY. The composition of the above firm is as fol- lows: W. C. Edwards, M. P., President, J. C. Edwards, John A. Cameron, James Wood and John A. Wood, jr. They are among the largest operators of the valley, having large mills at New Edinburgh and Rockland. The limits from which their supply of timber is obtained are situated on the North Nation, Gatineau, Kip- pewa, Dumoine, Coulogne and Black rivers. The New Edinburgh mills are situated at the junction of the Rideau and Ottawa rivers, and comprise a large water power saw mill and a planing mill, which are under the able manage- 4 carry all the refuse to the burner, which is 20 ft. diameter and go feet high. The floor of the mill is kept ona level with the sorting table, to which the lumber is raised by air compression. The carriages, niggers and rollers are also operated by compressed air. Above the dimension mill is the dynamo and store room. The dynamo, a 20 arc machine con- verted into a series incandescent system, fur- nishes light for the complete premises, and is operated by a separate 20 inch water wheel. The scows on the river are loaded by means of shutes, which are raised or lowered by chains to suit the height of the boats. Switches extend from the C. P. R. track into the yards, so that every facility is afforded for quick ship- ment. The piling ground covers an area of fourteen acres, and there is usually carried in stock about five million feet of lumber. A specialty is made Facrory AND PLANING MILLs. W. C. EDWARDS & COMPANY’S MILLS AT NEW EDINBURGH. of dimension timber, which is shipped to the American markets. At Rockland, which is about twenty-two miles down the Ottawa river from New Edinburgh, the _company have one large mill and a smaller one, steam power. This portion of the business is under the general supervision of Mr. W. C. Edwards. In the large mill are two Wicks gangs, pair twin circulars and two band saws, also three small band saws for splitting and two circulars. Power is furnished by twelve boilers and a pair of en- gines, with cylinder of 24 inches diameter and 3 feet stroke, furnishing about 500 h.p. The small mill contains a circular and a gang saw, 14 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 1896 with trimmers, tie and shingle machinery, etc. Five boilers and a pair of engines, 22” diameter and 3 feet stroke, supply about 300h. p. The burner for sawdust is 30 feet diameter and 145 feet high. The product of these mills is largely deals for the English market, which are shipped mostly by rail to Montreal. At the different mills of the company about 800 hands are em- ployed during the sawing season. The planing mill at the New Edinburgh mills is one of the most complete establishments of its kind in Canada, and consists of seven buildings devoted to planing, sawing, drying and storing. At the entrance are the offices of the manager of this department, Mr. Armstrong. The large stone building in the front contains the draughts- men’s offices, back of which is the large work room and cutting-up department. The sash and blind department and box factory are fully equip- ped with improved machinery. The dry kiln is 48x48 feet, and is situated above the boiler room. On the first storey is the door department, and the finishing and paint room, with glass room above. A store room, 40 x 100, is situated above the box factory. The third storey is used for storage purposes. The building is heated by the Sturtevant hot air system. In the engine room are two boilers ei, es 7H. p. each, which are used for heating and drying, and drive a small en- gine at night. A Stephenson duplex water wheel of 100 h. p., supplied by a 30 feet head from the Chaudiere Falls, op- erates the machinery. Another building is a frame structure, 84 x 36ft. The ground floor is used for stor- ing kiln-driedlumber, and the top floor for the sashes and doors. The planing mill proper is 130 x 35 ft., the ground floor con- taining the planing and moulding ma- chines and re-saws, and the top floor be- ing devoted tomould- ings. Beneath the building is a Stephen- son duplex water- wheel of 200 h.p. and 43 feet head. In a two-storey building, 24x96 ft., is stored the fancy hardwoods and other kiln-dried lumber, while in another building, 132x48 feet, the dressed lumber is taken care of. A shed of two stories, 156x48 feet, has recently been completed, which will be used for rough lumber, and will have a capacity of one million feet. The heavy hardwood shed is 134x20 feet, and is situated alongside the new offices. PEMBROKE LUMBER COMPANY. Amongst the best known lumber manufactur- ers of the Ottawa valley is the Pembroke Lumber Company, whose mills are at Pembroke, Ont. The composition of the firm is as follows : Hon. Peter White, late speaker of the House of Com- mons, Andrew White, C. Chapman, Mrs. A. Dunlop, Judge Thos. Deacon and John Bromley, the latter being the general manager. The timber and lumber mill was built 25 years ago in the Ottawa river on piers, the space between the shore and the mill being long since filled up. The first owner was John Rowan, who sold it to W. R. Thistle, who in turn sold it to the present owners. Since coming into pos- session of the present owners, substantial im- provements have been made and its capacity doubled. The dimensions of the mill are 250 x 4o ft., 2 stories, with lath mill annex 20 x 50 ft. and boiler and engine rooms 20x60 ft. and 30x60 ft. ‘CAN-PHOTO=ENG,BU. In the mill are two circular saws, one made by Shurly & Deitrich, and the other by the James Robertson Co. The carriages were built by the Waterous Company, and are capable of taking on a log 30 inches in diameter and 65 feet in length. They are propelled by steam feed. The edgers and sash table machinery are also of the Waterous make. The slabs and boards from the dimension timber are cut into proper lengths and butted by four butting saws, two to each live roller table. In the boiler room, of.brick, are three ‘‘Water- ous ” boilers of 100 h. p., supplying steam to a Waterous engine of 125 h. p., and also to a smaller engine used to operate the planing mill. The platform in front of the saw mill will hold 300,000 feet of lumber, and all of the dimension timber is loaded on cars direct from the saw. The planing mill is seperated from the saw mill. It was erected in 1892, is frame, 230x60 ft. and two stories high. The machinery is two double surface planers built by Cowan & Co., of Galt. The lumber is fed to the planers by rollers and is then loaded on cars, which are drawn upstairs on an incline by a friction pulley and rope, where it is unloaded. On a level with the first floor is a platform 50x80 ft., which is on PEMBROKE LUMBER CO.’S SAW MILL, PEMBROKE. a level with the G. T. R. flat cars which pass alongside. The lumber is loaded from trucks onto the cars ready for shipment. The yards are very extensive, affording piling ground for a large quantity of lumber. Upwards of 120 men are employed around the mill. On an average of 100,000 logs are always floating in Lake Allumette, an expansion of the Ottawa river. On Lake street are the commodious business offices of the company, with stores in rear. Mr. Bromley is assisted in the management of the affairs of the company by his son, and the large connection which has been established requires their close attention. The accompanying cut will enable the reader to judge of the extent of the mills and the variety of lumber manufactured, which is shipped to various parts of the world. MR. J. R. BOOTH. To Mr. J. R. Booth, of Ottawa, belongs the distinction of being the largest saw mill operator in the world, while the area of timber lands in his possession is also said to be greater than that owned by any other one personin Canada. Until two years ago Mr. Booth operated two mills on the Chaudiere river at Ottawa, but during the summer of 1894 the larger of these two was destroyed by fire. This mill contained fourteen band saws, four gangs and four twin circulars, and was said to be capable of cutting one million feet per day. The average cut for six months was over 100,000,000 feet, while about one thousand employees were required for its opera- tion. This will give our readers some idea of its magnitude. The other mill operated by Mr. Booth was the old Perley & Pattee mill, which was purchased some years ago and re- modelled. It is now one of the most complete establishments of its kind in Canada, and by running day and night during the sawing season makes an annual output of 100,000,000 feet. The equipment of the saw mill proper comprises four band mills, two Wicks gangs, and a pair of twin circulars. Inthe timber mill is one band saw, while the slab mill cantains three re-saws. Three lath tables and two picket tables are locat- ed in the lath mill. Ample power for the operation of the mill is furnished by the Chaudiere falls, and the water- wheels have a capacity of 4,000 horse power. A complete electric plant supplies light to the mills and yard, the latter covering an area of 160 acres. Some idea of the benefit derived from such an establishment may be estimated from the fact that Mr. Booth has now in his employ up- wards of 1,800 hands. His limits at the head waters of the Ot- tawa comprise 5,000 acres of timber lands. Forty-four yearsago Mr. Booth was a mill- wright working in Ottawa. He first commenced business by leasing a saw mill with one saw, and by industry and progres- siveness has suc- ceeded to such an ex- tent that he is said to be the largest owner of property in Ottawa, with the exception of the gov- ernment. Not alone in the lumber busi- ness has his business ability and enterprise been shown. The Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Rail- way, which extends from Ottawa to Parry Sound, a distance of upwards of 260 miles, portion of the pro- vince which had hith- erto been practically devoid of railway facilities, was constructed largely through the instru- mentality of Mr. Booth. This road promises to be of great benefit to lumbermen, and to aid materially in the development of the surrounding country. THE HULL LUMBER COMPANY. The lumber business carried on for some years by the firm of Buell, Hurdman & Co. has been taken over during the past summer by the Hull Lumber Company, which is composed of A. A. Buell, of Burlington, Vt., W. G. White, of Albany, N. Y., F. W. Avery and C. E. Read, of Ottawa, and J. M. McDougall, of Hull. The capital stock of the company is placed at $600,000. Their limits are situated on the Petawawa, Magnacippi, Mat- tawa and Kippewa rivers. They manufacture largely deals for the English market, together with considerable lumber, siding, etc., for the United States trade, their annual output being about 50,000,000 feet. The company operate two mills on the Ottawa river at Hull, just across from the city of Ottawa. One is 85x135 feet in size, water power, driven by two ‘‘New American” water wheels. The ma- chinery comprises three band saws, a Wicks gang, two double edgers, two pair double but- ters, with live rollers, log turners, transfers and other necessary equipment to accompany same. and passes througha ~ aS NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN : on In the re-sawing mill is a double edger, re-sawing band mill, butting saws, small splitting saw, etc. The system of transfer rolls for transferring lumber from the gangs to the butters effects the saving of several men, and the mill is con- sidered one of the most modern in the Ottawa district. Its capacity is 265,000 feet per day. A large power pump has lately been put in, to gether with 1,400 feet of 2% inch standard hose for fire protection. The other mill is 95x120 feet in size, with wing 50x4o feet. Power is furnished by three Rose and two Lamb water wheels, with four central discharge wheels for running edgers and butting saws. Three gang saws, one Yankee gang, two edgers and two butting saws, with tables, com- prise the principal machinery. The capacity is 200,000 feet in ten hours. The mills are lighted by 4o arc lights, furnished by three Weston dynamos, one of 20 and two of 10 lights. The sawdust is destroyed by burners. BRONSONS & WESTON LUMBER COMPANY. By an act of the parliament of Canada was incor- porated the Bronsons & Weston Lumber Com- pany, Limited, of which the Hon. E. H. Bronson is president and general manager, and Mr. L. Crannell secretary-treasurer. They operate two saw mills and a shingle mill, all water power, with a capacity of 300,000 ft. in ten hours, and own large limits locat- ed’some distance up the Ottawa. The larger mill contains one band saw and six sets of gang saws, while in the smaller mill are three gang saws, in addition to the ordinary trimmers, butters, edgers, etc. The average output is about 75,000,000 feet per year, principally for the United States market. In this respect they differ from many of the other mills, which manufacture deals for the British mar- ket. This firm employs over four hundred men at the mills, exclusive of those engaged for the woods each winter. Their mill and yards are lighted by twenty-five arc lights. GILMOUR & HUGHSON. Of the firm of Gilmour & Hughson, Mr. John Gilmour is president and Mr. W. Hugh- son vice-president. The firm own large limits on the Gatineau river and_ three large saw mills, the largest being situated at Hull, on the Ottawa river, and the two smaller ones at Chelsea, about eight miles up the river. The mill at Hull has a capa- city of 250,000 feet per day, and is 180x80 feet, with additional sorting tables on each side. Steam power is used, there being two Goldie & McCulloch engines of 500 h. p. each, and ten boilers with a total capacity of 1,500 h. p. The mill comprises two band saws, with steam feed, a gang saw, pair of twins for slabbing small logs, steam crane for lifting logs for gang, steam roll- ers, steam flippers, two slash tables, five saws in each, for butting slabs, two sets of trimmers, and two doubleedgers. Down stairs are located the lath, picket and shingle mills of large capa- city. Throughout the mill are live rollers for conveying the stock. The chimney is of brick, 13 feet base and 8 feet top, with flue 5 feet square inside. Its height is 160 feet, with smoke-stack 103 feet high and 54 inches diameter. As the lumber comes from the mill it is placed on rollers and then loaded on cars in a unique manner by means of a swing table. Forty cars are required for hauling lumber from the mill to the yards, which comprise about sixty acres. a ve fe ‘ ao a a | ee OTs) ahd eee ee oy. From their limits the logs are brought down the Gatineau river to the mill and drawn up ona logway by an endless chain. As the logs enter the mill they are counted by an automatic device, the invention of Mr. John Craigie, mechanical superintendent. Sawdust is used for fuel, being conveyed to the boilers by carriers. The mill is lighted by an electric light plant, the dynamo having a capacity of 150 lights of 16 c. p. each, driven by a 30 h. p. engine. At Chelsea the two mills have a combined capacity of about one-third greater than the mill at Hull. They are driven by water power. The firm have a large lumber yard at Ironsides, the lumber from the Chelsea mills being conveyed to the yard by means of a water flume or spout 3% miles long, 2 feet wide and 20 inches deep. They manufacture largely for the American mar- ket, their deals going to Great Britain, being shipped in barges to Montreal and loaded on steamships. The ends of deals are sold for mak- ing matches. R. H. KLOCK & COMPANY. Messrs. James B. and Robert A. Klock comprise the firm of R. H. Klock & Co., whose head offices are at Klock’s Mills, Ont. Besides manufacturing sawn lumber they have for many years been engaged in the square timber business, and purpose taking out a small raft dur- ing the approaching winter. Their mills are located at the following points: One steam saw mill, with lath and shingle mills and planer, at Bonfield, Ont.; one steam THE GILLIES BROS’. SAW MILL, BRAESIDE. mill, with lath and shingle mills attached, and one water power mill with planer, at Klock’s Mills, Ont.; one steam mill with lath and shingle mills attached at Moore Lake, Ont.; one large band and circular mill, with lath and shingle mills, at Aylmer, Que. MCLACHLIN BROS. The mills of the above firm are situated at Arnprior, at the confluence of the Madawaska and Ottawa rivers. Here a liitle more than forty years ago the late Daniel McLachlin purchased the water power and 400 acres of land in the township of McNab, within the limits of which the municipality now stands. Among the first buildings to be erected by Mr. McLachlin was a water power saw mill. This was in the year 1862. A little later another mill was built, and both these mills have been running every season since without intermission. A third mill, operated by steam, was built in 1871 on the shore of Chats lake, but was destroyed by fire four years later. It has since been replaced by another, built by the present firm, while in the year 1892 a fourth mill was constructed. The two last-named mills are equipped with every pos- sible appliance which science has invented for the manu- facture of lumber, and the quality of the manufactured product speaks well for the enterprise of the pro- prietors. During the sawing season 700 men are employed, and from goo to 1,000 are engaged in logging operations in the woods. The annual output has reached as high as 80,- 000,000 feet, although last season only 55,000,000 feet were manufactured. The piling ground is said to be among the largest in the world, there being ten miles of track. The firm of McLachlin Bros. are owners of very exten- sive limits on the Madawaska, Bonnechere, Petawawa, Amable du Fond and Coulogne rivers, aad a few years ago purchased 500 miles of virgin timber land on the Upper Ottawa. Their logs are taken a distance of about four hundred miles, and two seasons are sometimes re- quired for floating them to the mills. The business to-day is carried on by Messrs. H. F. McLachlin and Claude McLachlin, surviving sons of the late Daniel McLachlin. THE GILLIES BROS. COMPANY. The firm of Gillies Bros., consisting of James William, John and David Gillies, sons of the late John Gillies, of Carleton Place, Ont., (himself a prominent lumberman on the Mis- sissippi a generation ago), commenced business at Brae- side in the year 1873, buying the mills at that place, and the limits on the Coulonge river belonging to the Rev. Henry Usborne. They have since been actively engaged in the manufacture of sawn lumber and square timber. The saw mill is situated at Braeside, on the shore of Chats lake, an expansion of the Ottawa, and three miles from Arnprior. At time of purchase it had a capacity of eighty to one hundred thousand ft. per day of 11 hours, but has since been enlarged and remodelled until now the capacity is 200,000 ft. in the same time. The machinery consists of twin circulars, a 56-in. double cant gang and two band saws, with necessary steam feeds and canters, edgers, trimmers, re-saws, lath and picket machinery, etc. These are driven by a cross compound condensing engine, with cylinder of 26 and 46 in. diameter and 40 in. stroke, with a battery of eleven boilers. There is also a 25 horse power engine driving resawing machinery, and an independent engine and dynamo for electric lighting. The piling ground has a capacity of 35,000,000 to 40,000,- ooo ft., the lumber being piled directly from car tracks, of which there are some five miles owned by the company, and connected to main line of the C. P. R. The Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Ry. also runs within two miles of the yard, with which connection will probably be made. During the early years of the firm, square timber for the British market was extensively manufactured in addition to sawn lumber, but of late years nothing has been done in this way. During the coming winter, however, they expect to take out considerable waney square pine of large size and fine quality. The mill has sawn almost ex- clusively for United States markets, but during the season just closing they have sawn largely for British markets. The season’s cut will be about 30,000,000 ft. The firm employ some 250 men at the mills, and 500 to 600 in the woods, and have over 1,200 miles of timber limits under license, all of which is on waters tributary to the mill. In 1894 the firm was changed to a joint stock company, known as the Gillies Bros. Co., Ltd., with the four members of the original firm and four sons as the shareholders and directors, thus making three consecutive generations who have been en- gaged in the business. WM. MASON AND SONS. The present members of the above firm are Messrs. George Mason and Wm. Thos. Mason. The business was originally started by Messrs. Robert and George Mason in 1861, who ran a small dimension mill at the Chaudiere. About the year 1868 they sold the business to their father, Mr. Wm. Mason, who purchased the present site, on which he erected a small mill and conducted the business, with Mr. Robert Mason, his eldest son, as manager, until 1886, when his three sons, Robert, George and Philip N., were taken into partnership. Mr. Wm. Mason died in April, 1888, and the business was carried on by the sons until November, 1889, when Robert and Philip sold their interest to George and Wm. T. Mason, who have since carried on the business. Under the present management the business has, not- withstanding the extreme dullness which has affected the lumber trade in general, been more than doubled since 1889. They manufacture dimension timber, lumber, lath and shingles. The mill now has a capacity of from 75,000 to 100,000 feet B. M. per day, together with a daily output of 30 to 35 thousand of lath and 25 to 30 thousand of shingles. Last year the output of the mill was about 12,000,000 ft. of lumber and timber, 6,250,000 lath and 5,500,000 pine and cedar shingles. The present season's cut will be about the same. The firm employ about 125 men and from 36 to 40 horses at the mill, and during the winter from 200 to 250 men and sixty teams of horses are em- ployed in logging operations. They obtain their supply of timber from their own limits, which are situated on the Madawaska and Mattawa rivers in Ontario, and the Coulonge and Dumoine rivers in Quebec, and are in extent about 450 square miles. The mill, of which the owners are justly proud, is one of the best equipped and most convenient in the province. The driving plant consists of four 100 horse power boilers and a 300 horse power Wheelock engine, which are con- tained in separate stone buildings with fire-proof doors and roof. The mill proper is a two anda half storey frame building, 73 feet wide by 140 feet long, with annex 16 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 30 x 4o ft. on west side. On the ground floor in the mill are two pair of twin oscillating steam engines, which are used to drive the feed works for carriages, also two steam engines for operating the kickers which throw the logs out of the jack ladder, and another steam engine connect- ed with a butting-off saw used for cutting the slab and other wood into shingle and lath bolts. In addition there are the shingle mill, shingle edgers, carriers and all the shafting and pulleys for driving the machinery in upper part of mill, as well as single edger, double edger, large band re-saw machine and small band-saw, all of which are in the annex, and which are used for trimming purposes. On the first floor of the mill there are two new Allis band mills, manufactured by the Waterous Engine Works Company, of Brantford, which were put in two years ago. These mills have given entire satisfaction to the pro- prietors. They are driven with the rope drive instead of with belts. The log carriages were manufactured by the Wm. Hamilton Manf g. Co., of Peterboro’, and are of the most improved patterns. Passing the band-saws we come to a butting-off saw, which is rather a novelty of its kind, being worked up and down by one of the steam engines referred to above. It is the only one of its kind in the district. On this saw all the slabs are cut into shingle or lath bolts or fire wood. The timber and lumber after passing the band saw is conveyed on live rollers to the timber butting-off saws, where the timber is butted to required lengths and the long timber in lengths to suit the edger. The timber after being butted on both ends, passes on live rolls to the outside of the mill, where it is rolled down on skids to be drawn out and distributed to its proper piles, while the lumber is passed through the double edger to the butting table, where it is cut to proper lengths, and finally reaches the culling table, from which it is distributed to its proper grade. On the second floor is to be found the filing room, also fitted with machinery furnished by the Waterous Com- pany. Here are situated the racks for holding the spare saws, fifteen in number. Connected with the boiler room, but in a separate fire- proof building, are situated two powerful steam pumps, which, with a third one situated in the engine room, con- stitute a very efficient protection against fire, being cap- able of throwing six heavy streams of water. The piling grounds extend over twenty-four acres, and are well laid out and convenient. The office is a large two storey frame building, finished inside in white pine, and is situated near the mill. Mr. W. T. Mason, one of the firm, has his residence within a few yards of the office, in the centre of the yard. In addition to the yard at the mill the firm have lately opened a yard on the Richmond road, where they carry a full stock of rough and dressed lumber, sash, doors, mouldings, etc. MR. WM. MACKEY. We take pleasure in presenting to our readers the portrait of Mr. William Mackey, who enjoys the distinc- tion of being the oldest square timber dealer in Ottawa. Mr. Mackey was born in the county of Down, Ireland, and came to Canada with his father, brother and sister in 2 Mr. WM. MAckKeEy, OTTAWA. 1835, settling in Perth. In 1837 he moved to Ottawa, or By-town, as it was then called. He commenced shanty- ing in 1841, and in 1843-4 went into business on his own account, taking out his first raft of square timber on Mackey’s creek, Madawaska river. At that time lumber- ing was far different from what it is at present; there were no improvements on the Madawaska, and it was quite difficult to get timber to market. All supplies were taken up the rivers in canoes, towed up the rapids, and carried over the difficult places or portages on men’s backs with tump lines. Driving the timber down the chutes of the Madawaska river in the spring of the year was then pretty dangerous, and often resulted in loss of life—this river being one of the roughest on the Ottawa. Mr. Mackey has been principally identified with the square timber business, this being his fifty-third year in succession of making timber for the Quebec market, where his mark ““*W. M.” and the quality and manufacture of his timber is well known, as well as in the English market. GILMOUR & COMPANY'S MILL AT CANOE LAKE. Just as we are going to press the following description comes to hand of the new mill recently completed at Canoe Lake by Messrs. Gilmour & Company, of Trenton, and which is referred to on another page: The new mill is located in the heart of the limits pur- chased by the company in the townships of Peck, Hunter, and McLaughlin, Nipissing district. Operations were started on the first of March, 1896, and on the sixth day of June following the first lumber was sawn, although the regular night and day sawing did not start until June 29th. The mill is solid and substantial, and cannot be surpassed in points of excellence and lumber sawing facilities. Situate at Canoe Lake, on the line of the Ottawa, Arn- prior & Parry Sound railway, it is in the heart of the great lumber district of the north country, and is in direct communication with Ottawa, the lumber metropolis of Canada. In less than one year a space of about 300 NOVEMBER, 1896 208 ft., with shingle mill 48 x 52 ft., and lumber shed 32 x 276 ft. The saw floor of mill is without posts, the roof being supported by a truss. The engine and boiler house is 81 x 82 ft., built of brick, stone and iron, covered by an iron roof. [t contains eight boilers, 60 in. x 20 ft., each boiler having eighteen 6-inch flues. The engine is an Allis Corliss of goo horse power. The power house is of brick, stone and iron, 24 x 56 feet, and contains one 125 horse power boiler and a 75 horse power engine, with arc and incandescent dynamos to light the mill and lumber yard. In the mill there are goo electric lamps of 16 candle power each. The power house also contains one Worth- ington Underwriter pump, capable of throwing 1,000 gallons of water per minute, with four hose attachments. The fire protection is the Grinnell sprinkler system, there being over go00 sprinkler heads in the mill, supplied by a tank holding 24,000 gallons of water elevated 95 feet above the ground. The said tank is ST. ANTHONY LUMBER CO.’S MILL, WHITNEY. acres has been cleared up, and a substantial mill erected, with offices, storehouses, boarding and tenement houses in close proximity. The piling grounds are excellent, being well drained, with good, solid bottom. A switch from the O. A. & P. S. railway runs directly to the mill. The mill is erected on the shores of Canoe Lake, where an abundance of water is always procurable for fire and other purposes. Eight saw log shanties are now in active operation, as well as two board timber gangs, within a short distance of the mills. The logs after a short drive are boomed in the lake opposite the mill, and elevated to the sawing floor by improved methods, everything, in fact, being conducted on the most approved systems. The dimensions of the mill and other buildings are as follows: Mill, 240 ft. x 56 ft., with following machinery, two band mills, one set twin circular saws, one 52-in. gang, one band re-saw, one circular splitter, two large edgers, two trimmers, two machines for making mould- ings, with all necessary slash and butting saws ; lath mill, 50 x 32 ft., with picket and heading machinery ; sorting shed, 240 x 24 ft.; boiler house, 84 x 38 ft., with eight 46 in. x 14 ft. tubular boilers, and three 60 in. x 12 ft. tubular boilers; engine house, 51 x 28 ft., with one 750 h. p. engine, and one boiler feeder ; fire engine house, 24 x 28 ft., with one Amoskeg fire engine and two hose reels, including hose; pumping house, 22 x 24 ft., with one Worthington duplex fire pump, capacity 1,500 gal- lons per minute, one 3o arc light dynamo, and one 4o h. p. engine ; machine shop, 50 x 24 ft., containing two lathes, one bolt cutter and one drilling machine; black- smith shop, 24 x 24 ft., containing two forges, with engine and blower ; carpenter shop, 55 x 24 ft., with one Daniel planer and circular saw table ; water tank, for fire purposes, with a capacity of 30,000 gallons. ST. ANTHONY LUMBER COMPANY, Located at Whitney, at the toot of Long Lake, 144 miles west of the city of Ottawa, is situated one of the most complete saw mills in Canada. The proprietors are the St. Anthony Lumber Company, which is composed of Messrs. E. M. Fowler, of Chicago ; Arthur Hill, of Sagi- naw; and E. C. Whitney, manager, located at Ottawa. The company purchased limits from Messrs. Perley & Pattee, of Ottawa, in 1892, and have since secured other limits, until to-day they possess nearly 400 square miles from which to draw their supply of logs. These limits are on the head-waters of the Madawaska and its tribu- taries, and are said to be among the best in Ontario. They contain a vast amount of virgin white pine. Their property at Whitney consists of some 1,800 acres. The mill was erected in the spring of 1895, and on July 25th sawing was commenced. The main building is 88 x also supplied by the Underwriter pump mentioned above. In the lumber yard there are ten miles of small railway tracks to carry the lumber from mill to yard, which requires 250 lumber cars. There is also five miles of standard gauge tracks laid with 56-lb steel rails to accom- modate cars to load lumber for shipment over the Ottawa, Arnprior & Parry Sound railway. The mill contains three Allis band saws and one Wickes gang, two six and one four saw edgers, and two eleven saw-trimmers. The mill is supplied with all the latest and best labor-saving machinery, such as steam niggers, steam feed, steam flippers and kickers, required to handle logs and lumber. The output of the mill is white pine lumber, lath and shingles. The capacity is 200,000 feet per day of ten hours. Over 300 men are employed at the mill, and about 500 in the woods in winter. UPPER OTTAWA IMPROVEMENT COMPANY. The present system of bringing the logs down the Ottawa river is said to be giving entire satisfaction to lumbermen. handled by the Upper Ottawa Improvement Company, under the direction of the secretary-treasurer, Mr. G. B. Greene. This company holds a charter from the Dominion government and has a capitalization of $150,000. Once the logs are delivered in the river within the com- pany’s jurisdiction, the owners are relieved of all responsi- bility until they reach the mill. This is the only company of the kind in Ontario which takes full charge in this manner. The cost of bringing the logs from the head of Lake Temiscamingue, a distance of over 300 miles, is about $1.30 per thousand feet, B. M. Some years ago several of the lumber firms owned im- provements along the river and did their own driving and assorting. This system did not prove altogether satisfac- tory and arrangements were made that the present com- pany should be incorporated to take over the improve- ments and undertake the work. The length over which the operations extend is in the neighborhood of 325 miles and from 400 to 600 men are employed. Six steel and five wooden steamers are used. All the towing, driving and assorting of the logs and timber is done at actual cost, the tolls charged by the company for the use of their river improvements, averaging about fifteen cents per 1,000 ft. B. M., being sufficient to pay for all repairs and provide an annual dividend to the stockholders. At the beginning of the season rates for towing, driving and assorting are fixed which are known to be sufficient to cover expenses, and if at the end of the year any surplus exists, the directors authorize a reduction of the rates to the actual cost, thus securing to the Jumbermen the advantage of any favourable conditions which should reduce the cost of the work. As soon as the logs reach the river they are ee 7 a. eee | _—, ow NOVEMBER, 1896 PORTABLE SAW AND SHINGLE MILL. THE accompanying photo, No. 1, represents James Dunbar’s portable saw and shingle miil on the shore of Stoney Lake, near the village of Sundridge, Ont., on 1st April, 1896. The logs surrounding the mill amount to 1,000,000 feet, and Mr. Dunbar had just started cutting on these. View No. 2 shows the mill on the rst of July fol- lowing. The entire 1,000,000 feet of logs had been cut up and piled in the shape of lumber on three long sidings to the right of the mill, not all shown in the photo. The logs in the foreground are a portion ofa raft that was towed across the lake, and are not the same as were taken in the first view. The above work was done by a Waterous portable saw mill, consisting of a 35 h. p. return tubular fire-box boiler previous year. There were fewer logs, but a greater quantity of square timber. The number of logs was 2,800,000, averaging a little over 100 feet each, which represents a total of 300,000,000 feet. A fortnight ago Mr. J. R. Booth entertained about one hundred senators and members of the House of Commons to a dinner and trip out to the end of the Ottawa, Arn- prior and Parry Sound Railway. The party went to Pot- ter Lake in Algonquin Park, eighty miles from Parry Sound. On the return home speeches were made by Mr. John Charlton, M. P., Sir Henry Joly and others. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. Mr. John Gilmour, lumberman, has purchased the resi- dence owned by Judge Ouimet, ex-minister of public works, for $12,000. Mr. J. H. Thompson recently returned from Bay City, SE pacer GA Geli ostoaeeie wernt onli ees 7 “CAN, PROTO-ENG BU. | James DuNBaAR’S SAW AND SHINGLE Mi_t—VIEw No. t. on wheels, and a 30 h. p. engine, connected to a set of saw irons, bull wheel, single edger, slab saw and shingle machine. The building, it will be seen, is only a temporary struc- ture, as the mill is very readily moved as occasion demands. This is a medium sized portable mill built by the above firm, who build smaller ones down to 12 h. p., and larger ones up to 100 h. p., as will be shown by the fact that on the 13th of March last they received a cable from England closing for one of their largest portable saw mills for South Australia, including a 70 h. p. engine with locomo- tive boiler, heaviest saw frame with top saw attachment, taking a 72” lower saw and 40” upper saw, and girder steel carriage to carry logs 6 ft. diam., 25 ft. long, of the heaviest hardwood, the carriage being actuated by steam feed. On the same day, we are informed, they sold one of their smailest portable outfits for mule back transporta- tion to the mining districts of British Columbia. OTTAWA LETTER. [Regular Correspondence of the CanapA LUMBERMAN. By the courtesy of the United States Consulate-General a comparative statement of the value of forest products shipped from Ottawa to the United States for the quarter ending September goth, for the years 1894, 1895 and 1896, - is given below. These figures do not include any ship- ments less than $100 in value, the aggregate of which, consisting of hop poles, telegraph poles, tan bark, pulp wood, railroad ties, etc., is considerable. SHIPMENTS FOR QUARTER ENDING SEPTEMBER 30TH. Propucr. 1894 1895 1896 Sawn lumber...... .... $649,531.36 $661,087.22 $572,105.36 Lath and shingles....... 16,648.02 24,908.55 34,372.86 Pickets and paling...... 3,107.54 3,400.72 4,669.66 Sulphite pulp........... 29,531-17 14,478.94 8,039.53 Pulp wood ..... Chee ae 4,167.20 1,492.00 297-00 MARIANO RIES! 5 ioccc tev > — —s _ ’ NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 23 EDITORIAL NOTES. AN unusually large amount of lumber and mill property has been destroyed by fire in Canada the present year. Among the principal suffer- ers from this cause may be mentioned the Katrine | Lumber Co., of Katrine, Ont., the Georgian Bay Lumber Co., Waubaushene, Ont., the Imperial Lumber Co., Warren, Ont., Ross Bros., Buck- ingham, Que., and Messrs. Howry & Sons, Fenelon Falls, Ont. The latter company were visited twice during the season and lost heavily on both occasions. Tue efforts of Canadian furniture manufactur- ers:to place their goods upon the English market are meeting with success. A representative of an Ontario firm, while in Belfast, is said to have received orders in one week amounting to $5,000. The method adopted by manufacturers of sending abroad agents who have a thorough knowledge of the trade is worthy of commendation. There is to be found in the province of Ontario large quantities of black birch admirably adapted to the manufacture of furniture, and with an abund- ant supply of the raw material, the possibility of further development is evident. Tue input of logs in Ontario during the ap- proaching season promises to be unusually small, with the exception, perhaps, of the Ottawa val- ley. The present stock of lumber is likely to go a long way towards supplying the demand next season, unless unusual activity should character- ize the market. have been held over for next season’s sawing, which, with the limited quantity taken out this winter, will provide an ample supply for an aver- age season. These remarks refer especially to pine, reports to hand indicating that hardwood Many logs taken out last winter manufacturers will operate upon much the same scale as last winter. In our British Columbia letter reference is made to the dissatisfaction which exists with the working of the Central Lumber Company, but which is, we are pleased to observe, confined to a few members. continuation of the association after the present year have been consummated, but daily sessions are now being held at the head office in San Francisco with a view to completing organization for a period of five years. was formed the foreign cargo trade has greatly improved, and prospects are considered promis- It is hoped that this fact will not prompt shippers to take the view that it is unnecessary to maintain the organization beyond the close of the present year. thus advanced in favor of continuing its opera- tions. No definite arrangements fora Since the combine ing for a still greater trade in 1897. On the other hand, a strong argument is Tue attention of Canadian pulp manufacturers is now directed to the action of the United States custom authorities with respect to the valuation of Canadian pulp, which is subject to a duty of ten per cent. upon entering the United States. The basis of such valuation is usually the market price in the exporting country, but as there is little or no home demand for Canadian pulp, difficulty is experienced in arriving at a satisfac- tory valuation. About six months ago a United States Customs officer visited Canada for the purpose of arriving at a uniform valuation, and after a thorough investigation fixed the sum at $12 per ton. Previous to that time Canadian pulp was entered at the different ports at prices ranging from $6 to $18. It is now claimed that since the valuation of $12 was struck, prices of Canadian pulp have lowered. In the case of the Sault Ste. Marie mill, the product has been laid down in Quebec at $12, which goes to show that its value at the point of manufacture does. not exceed about $10. This valuation, it is believed, would be satistactory to the Canadian manufac- turers, and will in all probability be adopted. Should this prove to be the case, the export of pulp from Canada to the United States will re- ceive a stimulus. At first glance the difference in duty between a valuation of $10 and $12 a ton does not seem to be sufficient to seriously affect the trade, yet a comparison of figures~removes this supposition. The Sault Ste. Marie company alone, when their new mill is in operation, would be affected to the extent of $40 a day, or $12,000 a year. UNLOADING LUMBER. At the lumber yard of Richardson, Dana & Co., in Portland, an ingenious contrivance for unload- ing lumber from vessels is being used with the This is an electric hoist attached to the lumber derrick, which performs By the old way, a crew of four men was necessary to operate the derrick, two men for each end of the handles, and even then it was slow and laborious work. This electric hoist revolves with the derrick, and is arranged so that the stick or the broom of the derrick can be hoisted at will. One man can easily operate this electric hoist alone, and it is not necessaty to be a skilled man either, as the attachment is avery simple one. The electricity is used only to raise the greatest success. its work with neatness and despatch. stick, as it is lowered by its own weight con- trolled by a brake, also operated by the same With the hoist a 3000-pound stick can be raised at the rate of 45 feet a minute, and lighter sticks in proportion. man. By the old way four men had hard work to hoist a 3000-pound At the old rate it took about five minutes to hoist and place a heavy stick, and the two teams employed in pulling the lumber from the vessel would soon fill the roadway with lumber and cause loss of time and The electric hoist takes care of the lumber faster than the teams can pull it out. This new hoist is the only one in operation in the state, and, in fact, it is said to be the only stick three feet a minute. inconvenience. direct attached hoist ever manufactured, and promises to revolutionize the handling of lumber by derricks. THE ROAD TO THE BUSINESS OFFICE, TueE British-American Business and Shorthand College of Toronto is probably the best known institution of its kind in Canada. It is owned by a number of the leading business men of that city, among whom are Stapleton Caldecott and Frederick Wyld, wholesale drygoods mer- chants; S. F. McKinnon, wholesale milliner; E. R. C. Clarkson, chartered accountant; Edward Trout, president of Monetary Times Co.; Wm. McCabe, manager of North American Life Assurance Co., and D. E. Thomson, Q. C. The various courses are thus guaranteed to be the most practical that can be devised for the purpose of properly training young people for business offices. Persons inter- ested in this line of educational work should write the secretary, Mr. David Hoskins, for the prospectus, EMPLOYER’S LIABILITY. A WORKMAN does not assume a risk where he knows there is some danger without appreciating it. An employer is bound to use reasonable care to see that machinery used by his workmen is in proper condition. The mere fact that a workman received an in- jury raises no presumption of negligence on the part of his employer. A workman does not assume the risk of in- juries from a latent defect in machinery, because his opportunity of discovery is the same as his employer’s. An employer is bound to give notice of latent dangers among which the employee is required to work, and to which the employer has know- ledge or should have had knowledge. A person entering the service of another as- sumes all risks naturally incident to that employ- ment, including the danger of injury by the fault or negligence of a fellow-workman. Where a workman knows that the appliances with which he works are defective, and does not complain to his employer or representative of their condition, he assumes the risk of their use. The fact that a superintendent assures a work- man that there is no danger, and tells him to re- turn to work, does not relieve the workman of the assumption of the risk, he being of full age and knowing the danger. The mere fact that a manufacturer hires an un- licensed engineer to run his boiler does not ren- der him liable to other employees for personal in- juries caused by the explosion of the boiler. An employer is not required to use the most improved kinds of machinery in his factory. It is sufficient that the machinery was reasonably safe and suitable for the purpose for which it was used. An employer is not bound to anticipate every probable risk which may happen in the use of a machine, but discharges his duty if he give such general instructions as will enable the employee to comprehend the danger. When an employee’s duty to inspect and repair machinery is incident to his use of the machinery in a common employment with other workmen, the employer is not liable to fellow-workmen for the negligence of such employee. An employer who calls a surgeon to aid an in- jured employee is not liable for the negligence or malpractice of the surgeon, provided the latter had knowledge and skill-ordinarily possessed by other surgeons, and the employer had no reason to suspect that the surgeon would fail in his duty. An employee of mature years, who was re- moved from one employment to another without objection by him, cannot recover from his em- ployer for injuries received through his unfamil- jarity with the machinery which he was required to operate, unless his employer knew of his inex- perience in that direction, or was informed of it by the employee. When the conditions of a mill and the relative situations of the deceased and his fellow-workmen would suggest to a person of common intelli- gence menacing and obvious perils from the use and operation of the machinery, an employee who continues to work in it assumes the risk, though it arises from the negligence of the employer, and the latter is not liable for the death of the em- ployee. —The Manufacturer. 24 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ARBOR DAY—OF WHAT BENEFIT IS IT TO THE COUNTRY? By H. G. Jory pe LorsiniERE. LitTLE, probably, if judged only from the number of trees planted ; much if it is remem- bered that in Canada, for two centuries, the only thought has been to remove the forest trees, at any cost, as enemies, which recklessley encumber the ground. A celebration, therefore, of a day in their honor, isa great point gained. Those who reflect least must be struck in seeing, on this day, the representatives of the Queen, and our most eminent men, planting trees with their own hands. Arbor Day is looked for with impatience by our school chiidren, and is a holiday for them; but what is still more im- portant, more than one child who is shown how to plant a tree on that day, becomes attached to it, takes care of it from year to year, and thus learns insensibly the secret of success in life ; to plant with care, to cultivate with perseverance. I think I do not exaggerate in saying that to- day the majority of the people of the Dominion suffer, more or less, from the scarcity of wood for building and even for fuel. Arbor Day comes apropos to remind them that it is not im- possible to repair the evil, and at the same time, it serves as a warning to those who still have wood on their property, teaching them the value and necessity of using it with judgment and economy. I now address myself particularly, not to those who desire to plant ornamental trees—although I sympathize with them, with all my heart; they can easily find the small number of trees they need—but to those who suffer seriously from the scarcity of wood, and who can only obtain relief by planting extensively, that is, several thousand trees. At first sight the task seems impossible to the large majority of growers. Where will they go to look for this large number of trees? When could they ever find time to select them, one by one, in the forest, to dig them up with the necessary care, and carry them to their homes ? One usually goes to the forest to get trees, sometimes at a great distance. All those who have tried it know how difficult it is to find what they want, how much time and trouble is re- quired to dig them up, and how many of the roots are injured in spite of their precautions. They know also, how often all this work is an entire loss. Trees dug up in the woods and transplanted so often perish that those who plant them are discouraged and consider the task too difficult to repeat. However, when the season is propitious and the ground is favorable for the kind of tree you wish to plant, if the tree is in good condition, you will, with care, succeed. Trees which are found in the woods are rarely in good condition, and cost too much in time lost, if not in money. If you wish to have good trees in large numbers, which will easily take root, without trouble and without expense, take them from a nursery, and let that nursery be your own. Every farmer can establish in a corner of his garden a nursery of forest trees, by sowing the seeds of the trees he wishes to have. With a little attention, it is easy to tell when the seeds are ripe. Thus toward the end of June and early in July, the seeds of the elm and those of the plane are ripe ; if you sow them at once, they will shoot up nearly a foot’that same summer. The seeds of the maple, ash, oak, wild cherry and walnut mature in the autumn; it is better to sow them immediately than to keep them in the house all winter. Sow, let us say, maple seeds, half an inch deep, and others in proportion to their size, two or thres inches for nuts Sow thickly and after the first year you can thin them by trans- planting some. At the end of four or five years (more or less, for there are some kind of trees which grow more rapidly than others) you can plant your young trees where they are to remain. You should select cloudy or rainy weather in the spring, and without going from home, without trouble, without breaking the roots, you dig up and replant immediately, without giving them time to dry, a hundred young trees, which will certainly take root again, and you will have spent less time than it would have required to get five trees in the woods which may or may not live. The trees will cost nothing, your children will soon learn to weed them, and to take care of them with pleasure, if you encourage them a little by your example. At home the young children amuse themselves of their own accord, in planting acorns, and in seeing the little oaks grow. By means of seeds you can procure without expense an unlimited number of trees, and plant, little by little, all your land which is unfit for cultivation, and which should have been left in wood. But do not forget to protect your nursery and your young trees, when planted, against the ravages of cattle, by means of a good fence. Do not plant without a fence. There are enough causes for annoyance in lite without creating new ones, and nothing is more vexatious than the sight of a lot of cows in the act of destroying a beautiful plantation of young trees. In many cases you can even spare your- self the trnuble of sowing. Where the ground is favorable, in July or August, along the ditches, the woods, the fences, in the moss, in damp places, in the neighborhood of the elms and the planes, you will find hundreds of little shoots, which have sprung from the seeds fallen from Try it next summer. The seeds of the elm are so small and delicate that it is much better to use this means than to try and sow seed yourself. the trees; plant them in your nursery. Among the maples, the soil is covered with young shoots, as with a thick carpet. One can easily pull them up with the hand, in the autumn or early in the spring, when the ground is still damp, without breaking any of the little roots. Plant them in your nursery immediately. The seed of the pine is very difficult to gather. Early in the spring, in the pastures near the pines, you can pull up, when the soil is damp, as many little trees as you will wish to plant ; for this kind it will be better to take the precaution to shelter them from the sun until they have taken root. have noticed that if there are maple or ash trees in the neighborhood, the ground of their garden, if it has been spaded in the autumn, is covered in the spring with young shoots grown from the seeds fallen from these trees. Little time is required to transplant hundreds of them, and all They must be taken up carefully, so that the small roots may not be broken; if the ground is too hard use a trowel. All those who have gardens mus will take root again without exception. It is well, as much as possible, to secure them when they yet have only the first two leaves, which can be easily SF hed Piao NOVEMBER, 1896 recognized ; they are an inch and a half to two inches long, and about a quarter of an inch wide. For several years I have sought the least expensive, and at the same time the surest means of renewing the woods where they have been destroyed, and what I now recommend is the result of personal experience. I appeal to those who suffer from the lack of wood, and who have the courage and patience to try to remedy the evil. The trial will cost them nothing, and it will give me pleasure to answer all those who need advice ; but let them try next summer ; let them sacrifice a half or a quarter of a day ; it will be time well spent. ANNUAL RINGS ON TREES. In the British Museum of Natural History there is a section of the trunk of a large fir tree from British Columbia, the growth rings of which indicate that it was more than five hundred years old when it was cut down in 1885. A corres- pondent of Nature calls attention to the fact that about twenty of the annual rings of growth, marking the latter part of the first hundred years of the tree’s existence, are crowded together in a remarkable manner, indicating that during those twenty years some cause was in operation greatly retarding the growth of the tree. On looking into the history, the correspondent found that nearly all the time when the tree in question was evidently suffering from very adverse conditions, Asia and Europe were undergoing extraordinary disturbances from earthquakes, atmospheric con- vulsions, the failure of crops, pestilential diseases, etc. China, in particular, suffered even more than Europe. He therefore suggests that pos- sibly the crowded rings in the trunk of the tree may be a record of the existence of the same un- usual conditions affecting animal and vegetable life at that time in North America also; and he shows that if the tree had reached its full growth, and ceased to form new rings a few years before it was felled in 1885, the correspondence in time would be complete. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. A subscriber, Penetanguishene, Ont., asks: ‘* Could you inform me of the price of bird’s-eye maple logs, per thousand feet B. M., delivered in New York city?” Ans.—It is a difficult matter to quote a price which could be taken as a guide. The present market price ranges from $40 to $60 per thousand feet, delivered in New York, the price depending, of course, on the grade. The smaller the heart, the more white lumber will be ob- tained, which is about the only kind that is in good de- mand at the present time. “R, A.,” Katrine, Ont., writes: ‘I understand there is a market for balsam, spruce and basswood, cut into lengths of 4 ft. 4 in., for box making. I am desirous of getting a contract for taking out a quantity, which will enable us to make better use of our timber in the process of clearing the land than burning it. Can you inform me where I might dispose of this class of timber?” Ans.—The principal lumber used for box-making is white pine (the lower grades). Balsam is very little used, owing to the small quantity taken out. Spruce is used in some quantities in Ontario, and in Quebec it is the prin- cipal material for box making. Basswood is used for biscuit, starch, baking powder, and such boxes, and the higher grades are becoming quite valuable. Parties wish- ing to cut basswood in short lengths should first contract for it, as the consumer generally desires it cut to specified © lengths, such as 4 ft. 2 in., 4 ft. 6in., etc. The names of several box manufacturers have been forwarded to our correspondent. 1 aa 1 aa ANADA WEEKLY FDITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages } $1.00 per year {The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. [UMBERMAN Mou. IT, . TORONTO, ONT., NOVEMBER 4, 1896 (CANADA ],UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY C. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New York Lire Insurance BuILDING, P MonrTREAL. \. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. itis reliable and up-to-date market conditions and -.tdencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber products at home _ and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 20-page journal, discuss- ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading lumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. . 4# Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. LUMBERMAN’S VEST-POCKET _INSPEGTION BOOK @=eoam Containing Rules for the Inspection | and Measuring of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the leading markets of _ Canada and the United States. Em- Seek ~S bracing also many useful tables and paie calculations ot everyday service to ig = lumbermen. aos dae Prepared by the Editor of the c= am * Canada Lumberman.” hoe es b ha te. ne Toronto, Canada C H. MORTIMER, Publisher 1895 THE above isa fac simile of the * title page of the latest and most complete Lumber and Inspection _ Book published. We shall be pleased to send vou a GODU on receipt of four 3 cent Ga- _ Nadian postage stamps ° © © © z a8 THE CANADA LLUMBERMAN, Toronto, Canada ? sae ry a No. 44. WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of t5 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line andisset in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p.m. on Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week’s issue. FOR SALE. MILLION X AND XX 18” CULL CEDAR Shingles, at your own price. Noreasonable offer refused if sold atonce. NapaNEE Pup AND PAPER Co., Fenelon Falls, Ont. WANTED. AR LOAD LOTS OF SLICED CUT BASS- wood, 1-12 inch to % inch thick ; state price per 1,000 feet, F. O. B. New York, lighterage free. Ad- dress P. O. Box 2569, New York City. WANTED. NE TO FIVE CARS OF 24” COMMON AND No. 1 and z Soft Elm. Send list, with price de- livered on cars at Buffalo. Burrai.oo Harpwoop LuMBErR Co., 940 Elk St., Buffalo, N. Y. FOR SALE. FT. 1’ AND ry” BASSWOOD, 100,00 1¢0,000 ft. 1’ agd 1344” Ash, 50,000 ft. 1’ and 1%” Soft Elm, 30,000 ft. Oak, 25,000 ft. Pine, 25,000 ft. Birch and Maple, 100,000 ft. Hemlock. J. & T. Scott, Allan’s Mills, Ont. FOR SALE. ARGE STEAM SAW MILL AND STAVE Millat Essex, on M.C.R.R. Capacity per day, 25,000 ft. of lumber and 35,000 staves. Two spurs in mill yard of 15 acres; also barns, sheds and dwelling houses. A quantity of timber near by can be bought. Proprietor has invested on Pacific Coast and is closing out here. Must be sold. For particulars apply to T. H. DeCew, Essex, Ont. CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO As the year draws nearer to a close lumbermen are naturally devoting con- siderable time to studying the trade con- ditions, in the hope of arriving at a basis for next season’s operations. There can- not be pointed out indications of immedi- ate revival from the depression through which the trade is passing, and which would result in a great enlargement of business, but it is, nevertheless, generally believed that there are visible signs of im- provement which will place the lumber trade of the province on a much better footing, and enable manufacturers to se- cure more remunerative prices. Up to the present time the preparations for work in the woods indicate that the input of logs will be curtailed from twenty-five to fifty per cent. Itis probable, of course, that some operators may yet put in camps, but it is safe to say that the quantity of logs taken out during the winter will be fully one-quarter less than last year. Lumber has also been imported in large quantities into western Ontario from Du- luth and Michigan points, to the exclusion of the Ontario product. This competition will be removed to some extent at least by the resumption of consuming industries in the United States. Prices for farm products give evidence of being more re- munerative, a strong demand for same be- ing experienced from European countries, and this will increase the demand for lum- ber. It is not unlikely also that a greater quantity of Ontario lumber will be con- sumed next year both by Great Britain and the United States. In addition to the above, it is noteworthy that within the past few days lumbermen have been in Toronto chartering vessels for next sea- son’s business, a fact which seems to in- dicate a strong feeling of confidence. While present trade is not all that could’ be desired, there is a fair demand from re- tail yards for light stocks. Common lum- ber is selling better than at any time dur- ing the fall season. A small quantity of hardwoods is being used for furniture making and finishing purposes, but there is very little life exhibited, ordeis being principally for mixed lots. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. There is very little stock going forward to the British market from Quebec, owing to the excessive freight rates. Nothing of account will be shipped until the open- ing of spring trade, excepting such goods as are required on contract account. The steamers from Montreal are still carrying a fair proportion of lumber, some shippers feeling disposed, in view of the strength of the European market, to pay the increased rates. Local trade exhibits little activity and is, perhaps, below the usual fall busi- ness. Operations in the woods have been commenced in most districts, and promise to exceed those of last season. A large quantity of pulp wood will be taken out. In New Brunswick shippers are now less anxious to secure stocks, and as a result spruce deal prices are weakening. One steamer left last week for Cork and one for Buenos Ayres. Small quantities of boards, planks, cedar shingles and clap- boards were shipped to the United States, but that market 1s as yet overstocked. It is probable, however, that a considerable quantity will be removed to the retail yards, which have been getting along with the smallest possible stock until the elec- tion was over. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. It is now believed that the lumber com- bine known as the Central Lumber Com- pany will be re-organized on the first of January next, and that in the early spring an attempt will be made to increase prices to a still higher figure. The British Co- lumbia Mills, Timber and Trading Com- pany, of New Westminster, after standing out for a year, has joined the association, in the hope of facilitating a reasonable ad- vance upon present quotations. But the domestic mills are likely to offer opposi- tion to the combine, and may persist in breaking up the pool. Logging is at a very low ebb in the coast district. In the mining regions lumber is in good request, and the small local mills are reaping quite a harvest. But the cost of transport is preventing mining developments from benefitting British Columbia coast lumber ing to any considerable extent at present. Manitoba trade is in a healthy condition, a good demand for common lumber com- ing from the farmers, who are now dispos- ing of their farm products. UNITED STATES. A greater movement of lumber at many of the principal distributing points, an ad- vance in the prices asked by manufactur- ers, and the stronger feeling of confidence observable, were the principal features of the lumber trade of the United States for the past week. In view of the attention which was given to political matters, the month of October was productive of a satisfactory amount of business. Consum- ing industries have been partially closed down, retailers have purchased only for actual wants, and wholesale dealers have held aloof until the election was over. Therefore the most sanguine could scarce- ly expect a brisk demand in the face of such unfavorable conditions. But the past few days has experienced a greater num- ber of inquiries for stock at eastern points, while the demand in the north-west for low grade lumber suitable for corn cribs, such as piece stuff and 12-inch boards, is greater than for some years, and has in- duced mill men to mark up prices from 50 cents to $1 pei thousand. Spruce is improving at Boston, Portland, and other New England points. At Albany a marked improvement is reported, and business is apparently approaching its usual volume at this season of the year. The New York market seems to be affected in a large degree by the national election, and business in most lines is at a standstill. In Michigan a better feeling prevails, and both lumber and shingles are moving with more freedom. Cedar shingles have advanced 25 cents. There is also more inquiry for hardwoods, es- pecially oak and rock elm. Birch 1s a little stronger, but no trade of significance has developed. featureless. The victory achieved by the Republican party on Tuesday last, and the mainten- ance of the gold standard, will, it is be- lieved, hasten the return of prosperity to Basswood is dull and If. the commercial industries of the United States, and the lumber trade will be among the first to revive. FOREIGN. Much attention is now being paid in Great Britain to transactions in connection with next season’s business, and varying opinions are held regarding the course which the market will take. The convic- tion which seems to be most general, and which appears to be borne out by a review of existing conditions, is that if the market is not overburdened with stock by shippers, the consumption and demand next season will be fully equal, if not in excess, of the season now closing. Canadian goods at the present time are only in moderate supply, and the advanced freight rates are checking further shipments to a consider- able extent. Some importers who have more than the usual amount of faith in the market are paying the increased freights, but this is the exception rather than the rule. The pine market remains steady, and for some lines there is brisk inquiry. Second pine regulars are moving freely, dry stocks being scarce. A quantity of inferior stock is on the market which will probably be disposed of by auction, but superior class goods are not in tco heavy stock. Dealers in birch squares are now placing contracts, and it is probable that a fair portion of the supply will come from Canada, the quality being said to be superior to the Baltic wood. An advance has taken place in spruce in Liverpool, as a result of increased freight and insurance rates. The market is bare of 4-inch spruce deals, and red and pitch pine have been substituted in some cases, at a greater cost. Holders of Quebec goods are not anxious sellers, believing that winter prices will be still higher. At West Hartlepool the demand for mining and square wood is especially in evidence. The consump- tion of mahogany has increased of late, which it is believed will result in higher values. STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. All the drives on the Nashwaak river, in New Brunswick, are now in the booms. Robert Brewen, of Stanley. N. B., has contracted to cut about 1,000,000 feet of lumber for Mr. Richards. The bark Minnie G. Whitney carried 1,037,428 ft. of deals and 337,139 ft ends from Parrsboro, N. S., for Fleetwood. The steamship Mantinea, which sailed last week from St. John, N. B., for the Mersey, carried 1,049 standards of deals. G. D. McPherson, of Forest, Ont., last week shipped 81,000 feet of elm logs to the Anderson Furniture Co., of Woodstock. Messrs. Howry & Sons, of Fenelon Falls, will operate three camps this winter. They have 50,000,000 ft. of logs now on hand, By the breaking of Prescott’s boom at Albert, N. B., caused by a freshet, ten thousand dollars worth of logs were carried out to sea. CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION. The Central Lumber Company, of Sagi- naw, Mich., has commenced logging op- erations at Blind River, Ont. They ex- pect to put in about 5,000,000 feet. A decree has been issued from the equity court ordering the sale of 7,000 or 8,000 acres of timber lands on the Taxis river, in New Brunswick, owned by the late Ed- ward Jack. The sale is to satisfy a claim of nearly $10,000 by the People’s Bank of Fredericton against the estate. FOREIGN. Cedar shingles are still held at Manis- tee, Mich., at $1.60 to $1.70. Shingles are in better demand at Buffalo. Haines & Co. report the sale of 2,000,000 last week. The Brown & Robbins Lumber Co., of Minneapolis, have sold their stock of 5,- 000,000 feet of white pine, mill run, to eastern parties. Upwards of 15,000,000 feet of lumber was shipped from Menominee, Mich., last week. A portion of the amount, however, was sold earlier in the season. Up to the 31st of October last there were shipped from Alpena, Mich., 74,013,- 075 feet of lumber, 5,020,000 shingles, 2,- 340,000 pieces of lath and 834,000 pieces of cedar. A sale of 250,000 deals is reported from Manistee, Mich., the purchasers being the Eastern Lumber Co., of Tonawanda. The price was $40 for firsts and $30 for seconds, Several large shipments of Canadian goods, consigned to Messrs. Holme, Wain- wright & Co., Liverpool, Eng., by W. & J. Sharples, of Quebec, are being looked after by Hon. John Sharples, who recently arrived at Liverpool. The United States government has re- quested bids for the breakwater extension at Buffalo. Over 16,000,000 feet of white pine will be required for this work. Con- siderable timber will also be used on the canal improvements. John Larkins, of Bingham, Mich., re- ports the sale of 500,000 feet of hardwood to Canadian parties ata figure 50 cents per thousand in advance of the price offered him for the same lumber in Chicago. The stock will be shipped by vessel. At the last auction sale of Foy, Morgan & Co., London, Eng., a small lot of 3 x 11 Canadian Ist pine, ex Adelgunde, realised £22 1os., 2nds £15 1os., and 3rds £9 15s., and a parcel of 11 ft. 3x 11 3rd pine, ex Aloedene, from Quebec, made £8 I5s., and the ro ft. 10s. less. A large line of 3x9 2nd spruce, ex Deptford, from Quebec, fell at £7 15s. BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA. It is hoped that this is positively the last re- port to be made during the political campaign. Never in the history of the country has there been a greater disturbance of business created by political agitation, though the presidential struggle is usually reckoned detrimental to trade. The campaign has not been conducted in any very unusual spirit of bitterness, but the chief issue has been made the status of the cur- rency, and with any prospect of a cheapening of the dollar there has been an increased dispo- sition to hold back and see what the result of the election would be. This has brought the lumber trade nearly to a standstill. The vacation season in the sum- mer months is reckoned the slowest in the trade, but it is a fact that sales of lumber have rather dropped off than otherwise ever since August, till now practically every lumberman in this market will say that he is doing no We Want to Buy —~—< 1 to 2in. 1 and 2 Red Birch 6in. and up. 66 1 to 4in. sie Brown Ash 1 to 2in. af Plain Oak 6 1 to 3in. dd Soft Elm on 1 to 4in. | ae Hard Maple a Send lowest cash prices and full description of stock as to width, length and dryness. LAWRENCE Hardwoods. and Mahogany & WIGGIN BOSTON, MASS. re * » “NOVEMBER 4, 1896 business. He does not really expect the state- ment to be accepted literally, but he is not say- ing it idly by any means. Buyers are holding off as they never have done with us at this time of the year. As the supporters of McKinley have taken up the cry for ‘‘sound money,” they have nat- urally arrayed all business interests on that side. There is any amount of orders booked by deal- ers contingent on the election of McKinley. As this state of things makes all business semi- political just now, it is not possible to make a true report without constant reference to the fact, little as business and politics are usually supposed to coincide. George W. Stevens, who lately came down from Duluth to act as sales agent for the Mid- land cut oflumber of the Arthur Hill Company, said in an address last week that he had come east to get away from the populism and free silver heresies that prevailed in some parts of the west. The Arthur Hill Company are-lay- ing down a large amount of lumber here this season, From the reports of lake receipts it looks as though they had received more than any other concern. They keep one tow run- ning all the season, and lately had several other boats in, including the Parry Sound Lumber Company’s steamer Seguin, from which it appears that the latter company is not pushing its own shipménts by lake this season. Buffalo has not received within about 25,- 000,000 feet of lumber by lake this season of last seasons’s amount to date, the entire lake receipt being 138,000,000 feet. The receipt of 90,000,000 shingles is considerably in excess of last season, and shows that there has been a fairly healthy trade in them this season, which is in line with the running reports from the dealers. The trade in them from both Canada and the Pacific coast has been good and is still fair, though no one appears to have found out why this occurs with such a discouraging state of the lumber trade im general. It is hoped that a good building season is indicated. Trade with Canada has been somewhat strained by the idea somewhere on that side of the line that there was to be a smash-up here after election. Several dealers state that they have notices from Canada that they must agree to pay for what they buy in gold or Canadian money. Some of them are inclined to laugh at such fears, but others say that if the silver agi- tation is capable of demoralizing business at home as it has, there ought to be still more uncertainty as to our condition abroad. It 1s to be hoped that the election will have put an end to such nonsense before this report gets into print. There is no reason for accusing the lumber- men of contributing to the uncertainty since the ‘‘sound money” parade of Saturday, for both Buffalo and Tonawanda dealers turned out and furnished more than a thousand men in the big procession. Never before have they tried to unite on politics. There is still small need of speaking of the run of prices for anything in lumber. Buyers are making their own prices practically. The eastern buyers are waiting for election, and when our dealers are buyers they look for the producer who is hard up, and they usually find him. One mill reports that certain lum- ber can be bought for more than $1.00 off last year’s price, when the price was anything but satisfactory to the seller then. Our people are making no predictions of the month’s trade. Some think that there will be something of a boom after election if it goes their way, but others are afraid that the season is too far spent, especially as there is talk of closing the canal early in order to get ready for the extraordinary repairs to be made next winter. There is a better report from the timber dealers than from the trade generally, as there are large public works to be started soon. Besides the local demand, which is good, the new breakwater demands over 16,000,000 feet of hemlock and pine, and the canal improve- ment will take quite a large amount. None of this has yet been bought. The breakwater bids will be received till the end of the month. As a good timber demand is a still better indi- cation of coming business than can be shown WANTED Ae NO. 27 Kilby St. = RONAN LINE CoNNECTION—Canadian Pacific Railway ; Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh; New York Central & H. R. Rd. Ronan Line. by a brisk sale of shingles, it would seem that there is hope for the business before long, whatever happens in politics. The sudden death last month of Secretary Baldy, of the Buffalo- Lumber Exchange, leaves the office not only vacant, but hard to fill, as he was a man of a thousand for such a place. So far no one has been suggested who 1s acceptable. Mr. Baldy had been the secre- tary of the exchange since its organization. BuFFALO, Nov. 2, 1896. eae SHIPPING MATTERS, Bark Stranger has been fixed to load lumber at St. John, N. B., for Buenos Ayres at $9. Sch. Athlete has been chartered to load lum- ber at Tusket, N. S., for St. Johns, P. R., at $4.75 and port charges. The schooner Fred H. Gibson will go to Five Islands, N. S., to load for Buenos Ayres or Rosario, at private terms. Ship Forest King, now at Barbados, has been chartered to load deals at St. John, N. B., for w. c. England, at 52s. 6d. -The schooner Rebecca F. Lamdin has been chartered to carry lumber from Bridgewater, N. S., to three ports in Jamaica, at a lump sum. Schooner James E. Woodhouse has been chartered to load pine at St. John, N. B., for Berbice at $6.50, with free towage, wharfage and lighterage. The Government cruiser Petrel, which ar- rived in Port Stanley recently, brought the news that the schooner Sandill, loaded with lumber for Tonawanda from Wiarton, went down in Lake Erie. we Canal freights at Tonawanda are inclined to advance. The rate from Tonawanda to New York is $2.25, and difficulty is found in gettir boats even at that figure. The ‘figure to Al- bany, $1.50, is also likely to be raised. Several gentlemen from Kingston interested in the timber trade were in Toronto last week looking for vessels to engage in the trade when navigation opens next spring. They chartered the schooner Sir C. T. Van Straubenzie and several of the Mathew’s fleet to make several trips from Georgian Bay and Lake Superior to Kingston. The terms of the charters were private, but are understood to be favorable to the vessels, It is rather unusual for lumbermen to be looking for vessels at this season of the year, and this is looked upon as a good business sign. It is expected that some further charters will be made. BUSINESS NOTES. J. H. Hann & Co., lumber, McMurrich, Ont., have assigned to J. H. Knifton. J. W. Hunter, a lumberman of Leamington, Ont., is reported to have assigned, with liabili- ties of $10,000, and assets $3,250. FIRES. Two million feet of lumber at Ingalls, Mich., the property of Ira Carley, were burned on Monday last. The loss is $50,000, The grist and saw mill at Calumet, Que., was burned on Tuesday of last week. The mill had lately been purchased by Mr. Wilson. Telephone 5332 Established 1851 JOHN B. SMITH & SONS, MANUFACTURERS OF LUMBER Lath, Shingles, Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, Boxes, &c. BILL LUMBER a Specialty . Cor. Strachan and Wellington Avenues, TORONTO. MILES Having Brown Ash 12, 14 and 16 ft. firsts and seconds, inch Bass firsts and seconds 12 feet, or any other Hardwood Lumber, can sell same for cash by ad- dressing H. D. WIGGIN No 89 State St., Boston, Mass. Inspection at mill. Zin. No.1 and No.2 Rock Elm BOSTON LUMBER CO. BOSTON, MASS. HUDSON RIVER LUMBER TRANSPORTATION. Water Connection from Albany with lumber points in Canada via Canadian Pacific Railway o New York Harbor, Long Island Sound and inland waters of New Jersey... . South St., New York.. Telephone 711 Broad. PARKER C. RONAN, Manager 4 Orrices—Lumber District, Albany, N. Y.; 20 | a ontreal — ‘ : _ Joun Smiru Ontario Agent Union Station, Toronto. ~ CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION UL CANADIAN EXPORTERS 2” WHOLESALERS Thos. Meaney & C Thos. Meaney & Co. . London Canadian Chambers 103 Bau St. Toronto, Ont. Al M B c ft MILLMEN—Send us list of dry hardwoods. Fruntsville Lumber Go., Ltd. ——: HUNTSVILLE, ONT. : E are open to cut White Pine and Hemlock Bill Stuff. Have LUM BBR W for Sale a Quantity of Dry Mill Stocks and Sidings, also 16in. Pine Shingles and 4ft. Lath 1% in. wide. LATH axnSHINGLES CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED T# PEMBROKE LUMBER C0.17. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN DIMENSION TIMBER OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, JOISTS, CAR DECKING, CAR SILLS, SHIP DECKING, AND ALL KINDS OF ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. PEMBROKE, ONT Red Ping Dimension Logs, e's x eas» 9 9 feet to suit purchaser, and would contract for two to three million for next summer delivery at Spanish River. Special long lengths could be loaded on cars at Rayside, R. Will have five tosix million feet of WHITE PINE, first cut on limit at Spanish River. And have about five million feet at mouth French River which could be delivered at opening of navigation PMavvracrorers OF @ @ Write us for Quotations on all Bills=,_ => rt} FOR SALE tt EO — BOOTH & GORDON _ - Manufacturers of...... WM. MASON & SONS . . . sstbcccc: LUMBER. DIMENSION TIMBER “A2#.¢28 SHINGLES We have = largest and best equipped Dimension Saw Mill in Eastern Canada. All our machinery is of the latest and most improved pattern, and we are prepared to quote prices on and supply at the shortest notice any orders that may be submitted to us. Address, P. 0. Box 1020, eee esa ONT. Ottawa Lumber Go. fae Ganada WHOLESALE LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES, etc. Vvrite ren Stock Bie ONE DOLLAR will pay your subscription to the weekly amd monthiy CANADA LUMBERMAN for ONE YEAR sudbury, Ont. Jas. CG. CAN Bas Ce wHOLESALE HARDWOOD * LUMBER ® 35 Adelaide East, Toronto, Ont. Send us full description and lowest price for any lumber you have for sale. JAS. PLAY EHATR & CG Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers LUMBER » LATH * SHINGLES Contractors for Railway oy aca =e MIDLAND, ONT BILL TIMBER a Specialty . WANTED 42 ONcE About 300 cords 2 foot Hard- wood, 1-2 Beech and 1-2 Maple, last winter’s cut: ; also 150 cords of 4 foot all No. 1 Wood. THE REID CO., OF TORONTO, Ltd, ‘2: ger, King ana Berketey sts. Dock, Foot of Berkeley St. McRULIFFE aé GRMERON State Lowest Price f. 0. b, Cars or Delivered in Toronto for whole or part. PINE aii HARDWOOD LUMBER YES, Everything Sold but Mill Culls of — all thicknesses ; two grades. We are points in Canada. Lumberman’s Inspection Book Send four 3-cent Canadian postage stamps for a copy of the LUMBERMAN’Ss VEST- PocKET InsPECTION Book, containing rules for the Inspection of Pine and Hardwood Lumber in the Leading Markets of the United States and Canada. Address : The CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. KILN-DRIED BIRGH FLOORING Sheers: GEILING Burk’s Falls, Ont. $90.00 ~OG— SAMPLES BY MAIL KNIGHT BROS. 5S FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x? IMPORTERS James Smith & Bro. AGENTS FOR \V/OOD GOODS Market Reports 14 Canada Dock, LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND Given and Advances Made Against Shipments. Cable Address—WALMER, LIVERPOOL § it your wish To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A PARTICULAR LOT OF LUMBER A MILL PROPERTY SECOND-HAND MACHINERY An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ and ‘‘For Sale’’ Department of the . CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION Will secure for you a Buyer or Seller, as the case may be. Address, The Canada Lumberman Toronto, Canada. Write us if you have any... for immediate DRY SOFT ELM zz SCATCHERD & SON = - = 1053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N. Y. WANTED Please quote prices delivered Black Rock, Buffalo, N. Y Grey Elm. Also 124” Rock Elm, Log Run. T.SULLIVAN &CO. © Buffalo, N.Y. BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER COMPANY 940 Elk St., BUFFALO, N. Y. 80,000 ft. of 2%" No. 1 and 2 and common Soft Elm. } WANTED { 100,000 ft. of 1%” No. 1 and 2 and common Red Oak. Are also in the market as CASH BUYERS for other kinds of Hardwoods. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. ~—ear—_C ANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY —-_ Shortest and Quickest Route from OTTAWA, ROCKLAND, HAWKESBURY, Aan PRIOR and all points on Grand Trunk Ry. Owe BOSTON, PORTLAND, NEW YORK, DETROIT, TONAWANDA, ALBANY, &e., MON EAL, eat QUEBEC, HALIFAX, ST. SOHN, &e. APT. J. H. Wn. LIAMS, 16 Lumber Dist., Albany, N.Y. €. J. SmitrH General Freight Agent Ottawa, Ont. Ottawa, Arnprior & Parry Sound Ru. OTTAWA & NE Ww "YO RK LUMBER LINE OTTAWA & BOSTON LUMBER LINE CANADA ATLANTIC FAST FREIGHT LINE R. A. Carter, Contracting Agent, 115 Board Trade, © (Ottawa & New York Lumber Ling © CANADIAN POINTS, NEW YORK ciny IND fi POINTS REAGHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWAY. DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL CO, WILLIAMS’ LINE. Agent Telephone 531 Broad. Shorts of all thicknesses ; Shingles in four grades = Live timser) ANA Lath in — also prepared to make — close quotations on Box — Shooks, delivered at all — 1”, 1%", 1%", 0”, 3” and 4” (sts and 2nds 4 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N.Y, ; J. H.Williams{ NEW YORK OFFICE, 93 ‘Wall ‘Street 2s Fy DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS In the Monthly Edition of ‘ ‘The Canada Lumberman.”" BELTING Canadian Rubber Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. The Waterous Co., Brantford. DRY KILXS McEachrer Heating & Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont. Parmenter, J. S., Flushing, N.Y. The Emerson Co., Baltimore, Md. ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Starr, John, Sons & Co., Halifax, N.S. INJECTORS Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. INSURANCE Confederation Life Association, Toronto, Ont. Federal Life Assurance Co., Hamilton, Ont. LUMBERMEN’S SUPPLIES Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. Rice Lewis & Son, Toronto. Scully & Co., John, Toronto. MACHINERY Bell, Robt., Jr., Hensall, Ont. Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., Kingston, Ont. Cowan & Co., Galt, Ont. Dunbar, Alex., & Sons, Woodstock, N.B. Darling Bros., Montreal. McFarlane, Thompson & Anderson, Fredericton, N. B. Northey Mig. Co., Toronto, Ont. Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., ‘ Sawyer & Massey Co., Ltd., Hamilton, Ont. The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. The Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que. The Waterous Co., Brantford. Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. RAILWAYS Flint & Pere Marquecte Railroad. Illinois Central R.R. SAW MANUFACTURERS Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Ottawa Saw Works, Ottawa, Ont. Robertson & Co., James, Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N.B. Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. The McMillan & Haynes Co., Ltd., St. Catharines, Ont. SPLIT PULLEYS Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. WHOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS Shier, J. D., Bracebridge, Ont. Wiggin, H. D., Boston, Mass. MISCELLANEOUS Axes, Campbell Bros., St, John, N. B. Alligator Steam Warping Tugs, West & Peachey, Simcoe, Ont. British American Business College, Toronto, Ont. Engines and Boilers, Robb Engineering Co., Amherst, N.S. Contractors’ Plant, John Scully & Co., Toronto. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Unt. Lumbermen’s Clothing, W. Carss & Co., Orillia, Ont. Lumbenng Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. Machine K nives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Metal Roofing, Pedlar Metal Roofing Co., Oshawa, Ont Patent Medicines, Ripan’s Chemical Co., New York, N Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. Shanks and Chisel Bits, A. McPherson, Oxford, N.S. Turbines, J. C. Wilson & Co., Glenora, Ont. 4h Veterinary Medicines, J.C. & W.R. McMurtry, Arnprior, Ont. WHOLESALE PRICES GURRBNT. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, November 4, 1896. CAR OR CARGO LOTS, 134, 1% and 2 inch cut up and better.........cssseeccesere PAICHIDICKS ANG UPPETS). vinicncig ovis se anes volnesee ceciesecccese 1x12 dressing and befter, 60/ 16 ft.........ccecececesecees mero fine dressing and better,..........sccsstsecneecceecne 1xzo and x2 Canadian dressing and better. 1 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank.......... I 1-4 in. cut up and better....... PETRIE MTU ATO cia aisle oth 1s 50 sieie svociacinoccicisiee tice nav ee aa MEA NE aC OMMUMO Lata ltniac isu v\o o\e a «\n, «/a\p)e/aia/a/esm jbl oveieiaia)eve MRM RISES ARISEN ECAILLS o) 3) oa c/a\nso oj, 01a) 00 4 aie)en\s\b\v\n'e\e\z\sp5 eietalo.w.cie BRTIIEAT ANIA PICESiiy sc efolcrioisiais x oi2.cisa/s.eselecmeacide cece MIRA LeESSIUPIANG DELL 00.6 see cc secs ses cc raccvcetesce MAMA UTAUAU EATEN oto otrielelsia\o\iais, ais.o/s/aio.e #6 nie sian 96.0,0\e,s/6 MRR AAT CCCOMITO OU ona) v0.4 5 sla slo e:c)ela sin eje cle vce cieiviee eciene es ERIS R IE IEHITS NCTA aia )ah inte oje.n1+ 01010 s pvic\sivinie che e/a cieseoins pane TUN CUS sc cece cence cases erisiceses Sillseantling....0.-- 200+ .02-0- x inch strips 4 in. to 8 in. mill run.. MES EE NTIS (COUITION «/-10rc)x'n\ 21s (ois n)r\e'0) 214 sis)n 0,015,0's's\s sa sie o's. 010.0. SN MIRMRTESEIILRCMCADIE tx oheic ec seats of \eialsiai easel tiett,vsois bled ee viene » x0 ee 1 1-2 inch flooring MPRPREMIIDIE SINE ICS FOINCH sis cine. a etiseiev cine sc asececee PASTE SENMEIES FOMICH «50 o/c s)ejoivia 9,0) 010.4 v0.0 eye 0 visiee sane os os, LVS Se Biemaigpoce acne SU OCCU ts Cee CaS Tae Lath Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b.m..........ccccseececees 2 Pine, good strips, ae eo er eo Pine, good shorts, “ Pine, No. a dressing sidings, per M feet, rie aiMiestaietice siaiess 7 . oe Pine, Pine, Pine, Pine, Pine, Pine, Pine, Pine, ro s.c. and better stock, 8 s.c. : box culls ‘Pine mill culls “ “ “ LUD Tad et MAGE AR AS ORITOR DDO 0D CIO Act IEE Ceo ESE OTTAWA, ONT. Ottawa, November 4, 00 00 00 oo 00 fe Zz iy te 2 DCO SO IIR Ecc strips, shorts, te 6 “ “e “e “ “ce ‘ “ “ce “ “ « “ “ce ‘ RERUN OAK, o53/0°ays ass ns \aivtus ejaloasyln Cataleph cabscsleip eietietels,o's Lath per M No. IxIo Ix1Io No. 2 1x8 & 9 No.x ‘‘ 1x8 & g No.2 “‘ PROMEAIVAN TOS fu 3a ai ais Si CleG ola Satu hae iene y acts CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION SSS eee QUEBEC, QUE. Quesec, November 4, 1896. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. (eK Common and railroad, for interior and ordinary according to average, quality, etc., measured Off..........s-+pereeeeees 20 @ 22 For 40 to 45 feet average, measured Off ........0+ ees settee ee rere 26 For good and good fairaverage, measured off 32 First class os ss 36 In shipping order ns ss 42 First class Ottawa waney, 18 inch average 38 Sek - « "19 to 2rinch average......++-+seee+s 49 42 First class Michigan waney board, 18 inch average.......++-+++ 40 42 o sc < “ “39 to2 inch average.....--.. 42 45 RED PINE—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality.....-.-.+++++.+ 22 8626 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet “‘ Eh ea trate, aa etsliioiecn'e elon 38 40 OAK—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according to averageand quality. . . - - 47 49 ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 to5o feet. . 28 30 ve ie « "30 to 35 feet. .25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according to average an quality . 22 30 To ayerape TOGOCh aon rde Meise eens fe cane Zo, 3 BIRCH. 14 inchaverage . eee 18 16 ‘ “ce . 2I ro) af one, tae 2g As TAMARAC. Square, according to size and quality . +17 19 Flatted, se os os 5 . 15 18 DEALS. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $47 to $44 for xst, $28 to $30 for and, $25 to $27 for 3rd, and $2x to $23 for 4th quality. F.O.B. batteau SAGINAW AND BAY CITY, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich.. November 4, 1896. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, 1 in., 10 in. and up Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $40 00 WIGG)-0)\cleeiieapiacte ae 45 0c] 1%, 13 and2in.........-. 4I 00 1%,1¥%and 2 in........... 45 00| 234 and 3 im.......-+-sseee 47 00 26 ANG.3 Mens ae An aaa sive Ee nea ey Site cneid pooorMooE shop ou 50 00 A ADL Winn aver ofa alaterfolereieteterasstale 56 70 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 244 and 3in., 8in. and up wide 42 00 14%, rand 21n.........+6- Biol Mivierinogien aac syocbert 2b _ 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO, I CUTTING. ; rin., 7in. and up wide...... 23 50 | 2¥% and 3in., 7in. and up wide 37 co 14%, 1% and 2in..........-. Pieter fy Ot Mobeda sborknncdrconuae 1 40 00 STRIPS. A AND B (CLEAR AND SELECTS). 1 in., 4,5 and 7 in. wide... 34 oo | xin., 4,5 and 7 in. wide..... 32 00 GNI WAGES deus tayeclslerssehet alata tara 36.00 | Gin. Wide,....0.-.2.80000e 36 00 FINE COMMON OR C. 1 in., 4,5, 6 in. wide...... go op) | TAN.) GM. WIG sini wi cet ine 30 00 Pits Mee irtoraiy sO I ANE aarc 25 00 SELECTED NO. I SHELVING OR FENCING STRIPS. 1%{ins, 4,5, Oim. wide... .... 24 00| 1 in., 4,5, 6in. wide........ 22 00 NO. I FENCING OR NO. 3 FLOORING. rin., 4,5 and 7 in .......-+. 16 oo | 1% in., 4,5 and 7in......... I5 00 Ty MNds OV ccodyetseteieles inane TAs orey | (Pear ieals is dagusacatcace 16 17 00 NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. ratte yes slbapteCcl porns, oer 13 50| 1 in., 4to7inch.......... 14 00 TMs, OMAGH errarsmaly alee elas 14 90 | No. 3 Fencing, 1 in., 6inch.. 12 00 SHELVING. f No. 1, rin., ro in. stocks.... 25 oo| No.2, x in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 rin , ro in. and up wide... 26 00 Tin., Ioan. stocks........- 2I 00 Tin., m21n. stocks: <1 51.0506 29 co| tin., r2in. stocks......... 24 00 1 in., 12 in. and up wide... 30 00 1 in., 10 in. and up wide... 22 00 1¥in. 1% and 2in., 8in. and rin., 13 in. and up wide... 25 00 TPLWAGEaicieinleldnisieleatetarses 29 00 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS. No. 1, 12 iM... eevee eee e eee 2t 00: || INiOs-25 iQ Udi ac inalela = )neleainal sae tote 13 50 LOM okofe soto elev laraltata fae elete 16 50 Branigan olen wos fale anciaetere raters 13 50 ULI etalalele ote torererolicte siaatastette 16 00 | No. 3, 12 IM... ..- 0 essen eens 12 50 SyenGliGaneGd adn eee yoonocnas 16 00 TO UM. ee .e cere veeseeeenes II 00 No. 2, 121N...-.6-02sseseeee 16 00 QAM. eee sis ce eceeceieceercs II 00 EHO Vlei Sok DOG AS cITO) Cibo I4 00 ED AI onecicatron tana s 5 II 00 , SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. 1 in., 4nd 5 in. wide....... $ 8 50] 1 in., 13 in. and up wide..... $11 00 rin., 6in. wide...........+- 9 50| 14%, 14 and 2 in., 7 in. and 1 in., 7 in. wide and up...... 9 5° PUA tits ] BoxJboards.2 ic seas wea 10m ED a UPPEFS ,. aes seer eee 55 | ro-in. dressing and better... 26 34 4 elects, 2% in. up.......... 45 | to-in. common ..........++ 2 QT ee ¥ THOM. 02-1005 Fee oda ' 40 | 12-in. dressing and better... 26 32 “2 Fine common, 24%in. andup 40 42 | Common, 1x12 ............ 14 16 iS Pee We daotciniceccsciimoc che 36 40| No. x barn, rxr2..... Baa aia 20 - Ne. 1 cut, r to 2inch....... aes TRIOS te! a seis REA <> XBaeae Woo Siancie ate mean 18 25 TEGp a cveaee oo die» cs fee Nosgesee acetone meee 17 20| No. 2 barn, rxz2....... ; z No. 1 molding, 1 to2in..... 33 36 es PRED niSagT >. : No. 2 molding, 1 to 2 in..... 25). 28'| XB. soe eee Mees : ¢ Stained saps..... 20 | Shaky or star clear, x to 2 ; i Bracket plank 35 Dressing. . nasow «sede oo dhe MRCS Shelving boards, 12-in. up... 30 32 Common..7....52se-mnopee eae 7 4 LATH, Pine: pennies tsa pene $2. 25)|, Spruce: .. “a.aereceaeea v0. $2 00 SHINGLES. *d Sawed Pine, ex. xxxx..$4 25 $4 30| Bound butts, €x 18 ....$6 00 $6 15 : Clear butts .......... 325. 3 35.| Hemlock........ 0... +215 230 Smooth, 6x78....... 5 40 5 50) Opruce..... oie ives, 2-20) age OSWEGO, N.Y. 2 Usweco, N. Y., November 4, 1896. 4 WHITE PINE. es Three uppers, 1%, 1% and 2inch.............+.+- seveeeese$45 00@46 00 22 Pickings, - Rade =) Seja-tcre < Serene sceven 37 60 38/00 + ~ No. 1, cutting up, ‘‘ WE reer ons 3: sie ~ 32,00: 34000) me a r No. 2, cutting up, ‘‘ at Te seer ae eee «se. 2300 2500 ~ In strips, 4 to 8 wide, selected for m2ulding trips, r2 tor6ft. 30 00 32 co 2 i SIDING. ; — ae rin siding, cutting up 1% in selected a? ; picks and uppers... 32 00@39 oo | 1} in dressing. . 2 rin dressing......... 19 00 21 00 | 1% in No.1 culls.... 13 00 15 00 4 tin No. 1 culls...... xz 00 1400 | 14 in No, 2culls.... 1200 1300 rin No. 2 culls...... iz 50 13 00} 1 in. No3culls...... 9 00 1000 jee ; IXIz 1NCH. ' ra:and, 16 feet, mill) rtm. «\ ira Uppers, x in........ $50 00@s2 co | Fine com., 3 and 4 in 46 00 52 00 1%,1% and 2 in.. 52 00 53 20] No. 2, rin. Finecom. 29 00 31 00 Zand 410. ..0...+06 58 00 6200] 1%, 1%and 2in... 30 00 32 00 Selects, rt in......... 44 00 45 00] No. rstrips, 4 to6 in. 43 00 44 00 1%, 1% and 2in.. 45.00 47 00| No. 2-:....2s..cce 36 00 39 co Bland Av ineniwelscas 52 00 55 00 No. 3 30 00 Moulding boards, 8 to Cot ups; 1d. a. ae 32 0c0- Tx un, clean.jeue 37 00 39 co | Cut ups, 1% to2in.. 24 00 38 co 60 per cent. clear... 32 00 34 oo | Coffin boards........ Ig 00 22 0c Fine common, rin.... 40 00 41 00 | Common allwidths... 22 co 26 oo 1%,1¥% and 2in... 40 00 42 00] Shipping culls,r in... 14 50 15 50 do 1¥ in. 15 50 16 50 SHINGLES. t 50 | Second Clear 175 290 2 90 | Extra No.1...... I 50 2 40 HEMLOCK, \ Boards, rough.......- ey NO agree «+++ 9 00@ 10 50 Planed ionpreeseeeer A175 1200 ; isa : DPKUCE. 5 vieietrcteis mn enin ‘ YY cargo, ..... ApOee eae! I EiGar aia e aetams oe 1 80@ pea = pt Vs er '¥ ‘ be ads ide cee o Lip a ee i al a ie gi a : are - ee NOVEMBER, 1896 a THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 25 “3 BRITISH COLUMBIA a cn wcacaceeeeeseers Tue Home oF THE DoucLas Fir AND RED CEDAR.—FOREST TREES OF IMMENSE PROPORTIONS. — LOCATION OF THE PRINCIPAL VARIETIES OF TREES AND THEIR ADAPTABILITY.—ITHE EXPORT TRADE OF CONSIDERABLE IM- PORTANCE TO THE WESTERN PROVINCE.—DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVERAL OF THE LEADING MILLs. ATURALLY in the consideration of the economic products of British Columbia comes the timber wealth. Apart from minerals it represents the most important and most readily available results. Brit- ish Columbia may now be said to possess the greatest compact area of merchantable timber on the North American continent, and if it had not been for the great forest fires that have raged in the interior in the years gone by, during which a very large portion of the surface has been denuded of its forest, the available sup- ply would have been much greater than it is. That was e eeete Bes ! a a an exigency, which, in the unsettled state of the country, could hardly have been provided against, if at all. However, as the coast possesses the major portion of the choice timber and that which is most accessible, the ravages of fire have not had, by reason of the dense growth and the humidity of the climate, any appreciable effect on that source of supply. As far north as Alaska the coast is heavily timbered, the forest line following the indents and river valleys and fringing the mountain sides. Logging operations so far have extended to Knight’s Inlet, a point of the coast of the mainland opposite the north end of Vancouver island. Here the Douglas fir, the most important and widely dis- persed of the valuable trees, disappears altogether, and the cypress, or yellow cedar, takes its place. North of this, cedar, hemlock and spruce are the principal timber trees. It will be of interest to know that Douglas fir (Pseudo-tsuga Douglassi) was named after David Doug- las, a noted botanist who explored New Caledonia in the early twenties of this century. It is a very widely dis- tributed tree, being found from the coast to the summit of the Rocky mountains. On the coast it attains immense proportions, is very high and clear of“ imperfections, sometimes towering three hundred feet in the air and hav- ing a base circumference of from thirty to fifty feet. The best averages, however, are one hundred and fifty feet clear of limbs and five to six feet in diameter. This is the staple timber of commerce, often classed by the trade as Oregon pine. It has about the same specific gravity as oak, with great strength, and has a wide range of useful- ness, being especially adapted for construction work. It is scientifically described as standing midway between the spruce and the balsam, and in the opinion of Prof. Macoun, the Dominion naturalist, is a valuable pulp-mak- ing tree. Perhaps the next two most important representatives of our forest wealth are the red cedar (Thuya Gigantea) and the yellow cedar (Thuya Excelsa). The former is found all over the province, but reaches its greatest development on the coast, where it out-girths all others. In addition to its commercial value for shingles and finishing purposes, it is the friend of the settler, inasmuch as out of its straight-grained logs he can build his house,’ make his in very large or compact bodies. From its comparative scarcity and the many uses to which it may be put it is commercially more valuable than the Douglas fir, to which it is first cousin. It attains a circumference almost equal to the latter, but does not grow so tall or so cJear of branches. It is utilized largely for making doors, finishing salmon boxes, barrels, fruit cases, and many other similar purposes, being, as it is, the best adapted for these uses of all the native timbers. It is par excel- lence, too, the wood for pulp manufacture, which some day or other will be one of the most important industries of the province, and concerning which more may be said at alaterdate. It increases in quantily as you go northward. Hemlock (Tsuga Mertensianna) is a common timber, and up the coast is found in considerable quantities. It is a useful tree, and answers about the same purposes as the Douglas fir. For that reason it will not be in general demand until the latter has become to some extent ex- hausted, White pine (P. Monticola) for cabinet purposes and general utility is very valuable, but is limited in quan- tity. Balsam (A. Amabalilis) is widely distributed, being found principally in river valleys, but is commercially of little value, except for pulp. With the exception of the yew (Taxus brevifolia) and tamarack, of which there are several varieties, principally (L. Accideulalis), the forego- ing are the principal representatives of the family of con- iferous trees. Of deciduous trees, the large leaf maple (Acer Mac- HASTINGS SAW MILL, VANCOUVER, B. C. |For description see next page. furniture and fence his farm, and that with the use of the most primitive of tools only—an axe, a saw, and a froe. It is especially valuable, however, for interior finishing, being rich in coloring and taking on a beautiful polish. For this purpose it is finding an extended market in the east of Canada, and no doubt its merits will soon find appreciation far beyond these limits. Important as the red cedar is, the yellow cedar, though much more limited in area and quantity, is still more important, and I was going to say useful. It is very strong, comparing with the Douglas fir in this respect, is wonderfully durable, finishes to perfection, and grows to great dimensions. Lying far- ther north, it will not be probably as soon in demand as the more ubiquitous red variety, but is already occupying atten- tion. During the past year an extensive timber limit was disposed of in England, and a company has undertaken its manufacture. The cypress is found in great quantities in the interior of Vancouver island, and on Mount Benson, near Nanaimo, comes within 1,200 feet of the sea. Towards the north of the island, on Queen Charlotte islands, and on the north coast of the mainland, it is found lower down and is very plentiful. that the Hydah Indians build their celebrated war canoes, some of which have an eight-foot beam, are sixty feet long, and can stem the heaviest seas of the coast waters. It is out of the cypress Coming next in usefulness—and economically consider- ed this may be taken exception to, as there are many who might class it as the most useful of all our timbers— is the white spruce (Picea Sitchensis). Its habitat is prin- cipally low, swampy and delta lands, usually interspersing the forest of fir and other trees, but in no place is it found fin a 4 é aa a re al rophyllum), vine maple (Acer circinatum), alder (Alnus rubra), crab apple (Pirus rivularis), oak (Quercus Garry- ana), two varieties of poplar or cottonwood (Populus bal- samifera) and (trichocarpa), aspen poplar (Populus trem- uloides), arbutus (Arbutus Menziesii), birch (Betula Occi- dentalis), willow and juniper are the principal. The maple, alder and arbutus make first-class cabinet woods, though they are not abundant enough to be extensively used for this purpose. woods. Poplar, or as it is more commonly called, cotton- wood, has been principally used in the past for the manu- facture of ‘‘ Excelsior,” but its greatest use will be in paper-making. The aspen poplar is common in Van- couver island and the northern interior of the province. It is also a good paper-maker. fined to the southern end of Vancouver island. They also make popular finishing The oak is mainly con- It is a stunted gnarled species, of little use, but very picturesque. Crab apple is plentiful in swampy places around ponds, beaver meadows and along river banks. The hardwoods are usually found in bottom lands and indicate fruitfulness of the soil. There is no part of British Columbia where the timber supply is not sufficient for local demands. The principal timber limits and the great bulk of the timber are located on: Vancouver island, running up the valleys of the Cowichan, Chemainus, Nanaimo, English- man’s, Little Qualicum, Big Qualicum, Comox, Oyster, Campbell, Salmon, Adams, French and Black creeks, and along other streams and tributaries of the foregoing rivers, and in the Alberni val- along the Fraser and Pitt rivers, on Burrard Inlet, in South Vancouver, and on and Nimkish rivers, and ley ; in Westminster district 26 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 1896 Howe Sound ; the principal inlets of the coast as far as Knight's Inlet ; and on the islands in the Gulf of Georgia— notably Cracow, Valdez and Harwick. North of Knight's Inlet, as already stated, comes the cypress and consider- able spruce that will yet be largely utilized in commerce. One feature of the forests of the coast are their density. As high as 500,000 feet of timber have been taken from a single acre, which seems almost incredible to a lumber- man of the east, where twenty thousand is considered not a bad average. There are over fifty saw mills in the province, big and a century. Its location on Burrard Inlet is well chosen, both for its extensive foreign shipments and on account of having the Canadian Pacific Railway tracks running through its shipping yard. The premises occupy several acres of ground. The mill and machinery have undergone many changes since its inception, and to-day we see one of the most modern and best equipped mills on the coast. Eighteen boilers and six engines furnish the motive power. The capacity of the mill is 200,000 feet per day, giving employment to The wharfage is sufficiently from 150 to 200 workmen. CAN.PHOTO-ENG.BU. | | | LUMBER PILED FOR RAIL SHIPMENT—HASTINGS MILL, VANCOUVER, B. C. small, with a daily capacity of about 3,000,000 feet ; over thirty are on the coast, and have a daily capacity of be- tween 1,750,000 and 2,000,000 feet, but this limit has never been reached, the annual cut running between 50,000,000 Various estimates have been made These range between and 100,000,000 feet. of the amount of timber in sight. 40,000,000,000 and 100,000,000,000 feet, a guess that is only practicable as showing the possible limits of supply as extremely wide. The acreage of timber under lease is about 1,175 square miles, and the total area of forest and woodland is put down by the Dominion statistician as 285,- 554 Sq- miles, but this must not be taken as all of commer- cial value, as much of this is covered with small trees, suit- able only for a local supply of fuel and lumber. For some time the lumber industry of the province has suffered a severe depression, but at the present time the indications are favorable to a speedy revival, and to assist in this a lumber trust has been formed, which in- cludes all the principal export mills of the Pacific coast, 35 in all, and as a consequence lumber has*risen in price $2 per thousand feet. This combination is called the Central Lumber Company, with headquarters at San Francisco, and a branch agency in each of the large centres. The operations are in the nature of a pool through which orders will be distributed and results divided. It represents a capital of $7,000,000, and a daily capacity of 3,520,000 feet. Some 150 sailing ships are under its control. The future of the lumber industry is very great for British Columbia, and when foreign demand fully revives, and the Nicaraguan canal has been completed, it cannot fail to receive an immense impetus. As it stands at present the province will be the last resort of the lumber- man on this continent, and those who own timber limits will reap rich harvests. Perhaps not the least remunera- tive will be the by-products, and particularly that of pulp. HASTINGS SAW MILL, VANCOUVER. There are no larger foreign shippers of lumber and its products than the British Columbia Mills, Timber and Trading Company, who own the above mill. It is also safe to say that they are the largest concern in operation in this province. This mill, shown in the illustration on the previous page, is the chief one of the establishment ; the other mills owned by them being the Royal City Planing Mills, located at New Westminster, and the Royal City Mill, located at False Creek, Vancouver. ment of the Hastings mill dates back at least a quarter of The establish- - extensive to allow eight vessels to lie and load at the Steamers of 3,000 tons have already been dispatched from these wharves. The extent of the ship- ments of this firm to the North-west Territories and Brit- ish Columbia are sufficiently large to have two sidings from the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. same time. The dry-kilns are on the most improved plan for keep- ing and handling.a large quantily of lumber. A planing also a box factory and shingle mill in connection with this plant. Seles The timber limits owned by this company are of the most extensive and valuable character. The greater part of their output is obtained from these limits, but they also buy from loggers and jobbers. Three tugs are owned and consequently, employed in the towing of ves- sels and booms of logs. They are amongst the largest employers of labour in the province. BRUNETTE SAW MILLS COMPANY, NEW WESTMINSTER. One of the largest industrial enterprises on the main- land is the Brunette Saw Mills Company, Limited, lumber manufacturers, whose plant is located at Sapperton, and within the corporation limits of New Westminster, on the Fraser river. Some years ago this company was organized, and from the start was successful. Each year has seen their volume of trade increase, their trade limits expand, and their hold upon popular favour grow stronger, until to-day their trade is a very large one, coming as it does from all parts of the province. A considerable ex- port business is also done. Last year the mills were de- stroyed by fire, which, although necessarily causing a great temporary loss, has in the long run proven a benefit, for to-day the new mill is, without exception, the most perfectly equipped of its kind on the mainland. Immediately after the fire, with characteristic enter- prise, the management began the rebuilding. With the utmost rapidity the new structure was completed, and the machinery that has been provided represents the very highest triumphs of ‘mechanical skill in this direction. Powerful steam engines provide the motive force. A large staff of skilled workmen are employed. The com- pany manufacture lumber, sashcs, doors, mouldings, etc. An idea of the extent of their operations may be gleaned from the fact that the output of lumber alone amounts to 100,000 feet daily. Shipping facilities of the highest order are provided, and direct shipments are made to all parts of the world. The Canadian Pacific railway track runs immediately through the company’s shipping yard. About eighty men are usually employed. A large feature of the output consists of salmon boxes, which em- ploy several additional hands each season. POINT ELLIS SAW & PLANING MILLS, VICTORIA. One of the manufacturing plants from which this city derives considerable benefit is the above- establish- BRUNETTE SAW MILLS, NEW WESTMINSTER, B.C. mill has lately been added to this plant. The manager's house, shop, forge, general store and office complete the buildings. workmen's dwellings, machine The branch above mentioned, located on False creek, has a daily capacity of 50,000 feet. Besides the large local trade which it caters to, it also caters to the North- west. The sash and door factory in connection with this establishment is most complete, and, with the glazing rooms and finishing shop, turn out the finest finished work for the interior finishing of stores and offices. There is ment, owned and operated by Messrs. James Leigh & Sons. Although the business was only established some six years ago, it has assumed large proportions through- out the island. It is very seldom that a shipment outside the local market is made. The mill is 180x52 feet. The planing mill, dry kiln, store houses, machine shop, finishing rooms and offices complete the buildings of this establishment. The products are all kinds of manufactured lumber, and the machinery is of the most modern and perfect description. a] a> = ee ‘ ¥ NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 27 The average daily capacity of the premises is 40,000 feet, and from fifteen to thirty skilled workmen are continuous ly employed. Some ship building has also been done by the firm, who deserve the patronage so liberally bestowed upon them. ROYAL CITY PLANING MILLS, NEW WESTMINSTER. This property is owned and operated by the same com- pany as the Hastings Mill in Vancouver. These mills at New Westminster are well situated for shipping both by The river frontage is 1,650 feet, while water and by rail. there are two smaller ones. The dry kiln, shipping sheds and office complete the buildings of this concern. The trade is to a great extent local. CHEMAINUS, VANCOUVER ISLAND. The Victoria Lumber & Manufacturing Co. own the mill at this point. It is a large two-story building, with metal roof, completely detached from all other buildings, and with the best of shipping facilities both for deep sea vessels and by rail on the Esquimalt & Nanaimo railway. The firm havea lumber yard at Laurel Point, Victoria city. OX TEAM HAULING LOGS, ROYAL CITY MILLS CAMP. the Canadian Pacific Railway track runs through their yards. The machinery is all of the most modern descrip- tion in each of their buildings. The buildings consist of two saw mills, sash and door factory, two planing mills, glazing and store room, general store, boarding house, stable, dwellings, office, dry-kilns and machine shop. The output consists of lumber in all its forms, both fin- ished and unfinished, sashes, doors, blinds, mouldings, mantels, laths and shingles. The capacity of the saw mill is about 70,000 feet per day. A large number of salmon boxes are made every season for the canning industry. From 100 to 150 men are employed. The limits from which the timber is obtained are situ- ated on the coast and up the Fraser river, but at a dis- tance of some fourteen miles from the bank, to which they are conveyed by a logging railroad operated by steam. This also gives employment to a number of men. The management of this branch is in the hands of Mr. R. Jardine, originally of New Brunswick. Three tugs are owned and used in the towing of their ships, scows and logs. The majority of the shipments from this establishment are of a local nature, to Ontario and the Northwest Terri- tories, the foreign shipments being mostly hand’ed by the Vancouver branch. LEMON, GONNASON & COMPANY, VICTORIA. The planing mills, sash and door factory, finishing shops and offices of this firm are situated on Government street, corner Of Orchard street, and cover almost an entire block. It is known by the name of the Capital Planing Mills, and has been in existence and kept con- stantly busy for the last five years. The main factory is a substantial two-story building, 100x50 feet, operated by steam, where a large staff of men are continually employed. The output consists of doors, sashes, blinds, window and door frames, mould- ings, brackets, mantels, newel posts and stair railings. Scroll sawing, turning and planing is done very exten- sively for stores and dwellings, and executed to order. The firm are the patentees for British Columbia for the automatic clothes dryer and clothes reel, the latter being for outside purposes. The sale of these devices is considerable throughout the province. The water frontage is 300 feet on the inner harbor. The main store-house is 15044 feet, besides which It is worthy of note that this is the only mill in British Columbia which did not join the combine entered into be- tween the California, Puget Sound and British Columbia mills some fifteen months ago. They are at present very busy loading vesseis, the greater number of which are destined for China. ® KOOTENAY LAKE SAW MILL. This establishment is situated at the head of the little bay that forms Kaslo harbor. The site consists of five improved description, having live rolls and other modern machinery. A heavy force pump and full complement of hose is kept, in case of fire. The planing mill is 400 feet distant from the saw mill, connected by a tramway. It is 100x 40 feet in size, two stories high, and is operated by a 45 horse power engine. On the lower floor are a heavy planer and matcher, a re- saw, arip-saw, moulding machine, dado machine and turning lathe. On the upper story there is a full outfit of sash and door machinery. The dry kilns, lumber sheds and warehouse are of the most convenient description. The other buildings are a boarding house, dwellings and office. The daily capacity of the mill is about 30,000 feet. About forty hands are employed in all the departments. The lumber comes from extensive limits on the Lardeau river, consisting of fir, hemlock, pine, cedar, spruce and tamarac. Considerable quantities are also purchased from jobbers from Kootenay lake and neighborhood. The shipping facilities are such that the largest boats of the Kootenay Lake Navigation Company can call at the wharves. The development of the upper country is largely due to the enterprise of the proprietor of this establishment, Mr. G. O. Buchanan. It is almost needless to say that the trade is of a local nature. COWICHAN HARBOR, VANCOUVER ISLAND. One of the very best mills in this province is situated at this point, which has excellent shipping facilities for ves- sels of the largest draught. It belongs to Messrs. M. M. Boyd & Co., of Bobcaygeon, Ont. The saw mill isa two- storey structure 296 x 44 feet, with two additions of 171x 24 feet and 78x54 feet respectively. It is operated by steam, and’*contains the best possible machinery and labor-saving devices obtainable. The firm own extensive timber limits up the Cowichan river and on the borders of Cowichan Lake. They are in a position to manufacture lumber as cheaply as any mill in the province. The mill is at present idle, but it is to be hoped that it will soon be in operation. MOODYVILLE LAND AND SAW MILL COMPANY, VANCOUVER. Situated on Burrard Inlet, immediately opposite the city of Vancouver, is the mill owned by this company. The concern was originally started by Mr. Seth Moody, who was drowned by the sinking of the steamer Pacific off Cape Flattery in November, 1875. The style of the firm was Moody, Deitz and Nelson. Some 15 years ago the property was acquired by the late Andrew Welch, of CAN.PHOTO-ENG.BU. | TRAIN OF LOGS, ROYAL CITY MILLS CAMP. acres of ground, fully occupied by the buildings, tracks and piling ground. The Kaslo & Slocan railway depot is on the adjoining land, and their tracks encircle this prop- erty. Itis only halfa mile to the centre of the city of Kaslo. The saw mill is operated by a 75 horse power engine. Sawdust is fed automatically to the fire-box. The ma- chinery consists of a 60 inch circular saw, gang saw, edger, trimmers, shingle and lath machinery, and a heavy double surfacing planer. The mill is of a most San Francisco, and in 1891 the present proprietors as- sumed control. A large area of land is occupied by these premises, which consist, besides the mills, of stores, hotel, mana- The equipment of the saw mill is of the most modern descrip- ger’s residence and dwellings for the employees. tion, and it has a capacity of 120,000 feet per day. The area of the timber lands owned by this firm is ex- tensive and valuable. Besides the timber cut on their own limits, they also buy from loggers and jobbers. The N r 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 1896 output of this company is chiefly shipped to foreign ports, but they have a yard in Vancouver city that supplies the local demand. The company maintains offices in London at 53 Coleman street, of which Mr. Wm. C. Jefferys is in charge. The head offices for British Columbia are in Vancouver, Messrs. Robert Ward & Co., Ltd., being the managers and agents. ALBERT HASLAM, NANAIMO. The city of Nanaimo derives a direct and tangible benefit from such an establishment as Haslam’s saw mill. The boiler house has only recently been detached from the mill and transferred into a separate, substantially built structure of brick and stone, the risk of fire being thus practically obviated. It is equipped with three tubular boilers, two being 60x 16, and one 48x 16, manufactured by the William Hamilton Company, of Peterboro’, and the B. C. Iron Works, of Vancouver. Sawdust and slabs are used for fuel. In the planing mill are two large planers, manufactured by Cowan & Co., of Galt, Ont., two stickers, a rip saw, HASLAM’'S SAW MILL, NANAIMO, B. C. The property was purchased by Mr. Haslam, as agent of the Royal City Planing Mills, of New Westminster, thir- teen years ago. In 1888 Messrs. Haslam & Lees took over the business for themselves, and a year later Mr. Haslam purchased his partner's interest and became sole proprietor. veloped from a primitive arrangement, almost archaic in Under his management the saw mill has de- its simplicity, intoa large and thriving institution con- ducted on a sound commercial basis and provided in every department with the best of modern ma- chinery and appli- ances. Inthe early days it used to be one of the small boy sgreatest pleas- ures in life to take a ride upon the logs while they were being sawn up into lengths. The small boy of 1896, whose adventurous disposi- ion prompted him to try a similar ex- periment would, in all likelihood, share the fate of the log. The mill comprises an area of nearly two acres and has a capacity of 55,000 feetintenhours. The saw mill proper is further supplemented by a planing mill, and a sash and door factory with a capacity of about 100 doors and 200 windows per day. on an average about thirty men. from his fir and cedar limits, 19,000 acres in extent, situ- ated on the island and the mainland. There are perhaps The whole mill employs Mr. Haslam gets his logs 400,000 feet in a boom, and the logs when required are towed up the mill-stream in small quantities. The saw mill proper contains a large circular saw, a gang saw, an edger, a trimmer and a lath saw. neath the saw mill and contains four stationary engines The engine room is be- measuring respectively 18x24, 15x24, 16x 20 and 12x 16. a picket machine and a cut-off saw. The machinery in this building is operated by one 12 x 16 engine. The drying kiln is situated at a convenient distance from The roof of the which draws off the moisture from the piled-up planks and deposits it in a liquid form in the gutters, which run along the angle formed by the roof and connect with the outside. The sash and door factory is also provided with a drying kiln on a somewhat smaller scale. the saw mill and measures 3o x 60 feet. kiln is lined with zinc, SAYWARD MILL AND TIMBER COMPANY, LIMITED. The extensive premises of this company are situated within the limits of the city of Victoria, on one of the most convenient points of the inner harbour, with a view of catering to the local trade and foreign shipments. The business was established by Mr. W. P. Sayward many years ago, but was formed into a joint stock company in 1893, with a capital of $500,000. The saw mill is 220 x 110 feet, and is a two-storey build ing, equipped with the most modern woodworking ap- pliances and machinery. The daily capacity is 60,000 feet. Besides the ordinary products of rough and dressed lumber, laths and shingles are also manufactured. This firm has made several shipments of choice spars. The principal countries to which they export are Australia and China. A view of the mill is shown herewith. PACIFIC COAST LUMBER COMPANY, NEW WESTMINSTER. One of the largest of the lumbering enterprises of the province is the Pacific Coast Lumber Company, Limited, whose plant is located at New Westminster, on the Fraser river. Five years ago this company was in- corporated under the Companies Act. The officers are: President, W. J. Sheppard, a well-known lumberman re- siding in Waubaushene, Ont.; manager, Mr. J. G. Scott, residing in New Westminster. The plant includes several large buildings, covering over an acre of ground, and the equipment of the various departments is perfect. Everything in the line of ma- chinery and appliances that can be in any way conducive to rapid or thorough work is provided, and powerful steam engines furnish the motive force. The specialties of the company are red cedar lumber and shingles. The output of the former is 15,000 feet a day, and of the latter 150,000 feet a day. On an average 30 workmen are employed. The trade extends through the Northwest Territories, Ontario and the United States. The shippiag facilities, both by rail and water, are of the best order, vessels being able to load at the mills for any part of the world. Red cedar lumber and shingles of British Columbia are too widely known to require any lengthy comment, suffice it to say that no similar product in the world excels them, and that in all markets they find ready sales. In addition to the well-equipped saw mill, the facilities for drying shingles in the dry-kilns are first-class. There are also large shipping sheds, where the manufac- tured product is stored, keeping it from the bad weather. Many orders for the product of this establishment were SAYWARD SAW MILL, VICTORIA, B. C. ~The sash and door factory is in an entirely separate building, 75 feet in length and 60 feet wide. equipment is as follows : Its mechanical Pony planer, rip saw, cross-cut saw, shaper, band saw, two stickers, a buzz planer, a door machine, sand-paper machine, lathe, door cramp and grinding, all of which are operated by a 10x16 engine. A glazing shop completes the different departments into which the mill, as a whole, is divided. Mr. Haslam depends to a large extent upon the local market, though he occasionally makes foreign ship- ments, the last of these being to Alaska in April of this year. refused this year, on account of the low prices offered. It is hoped that this will soon be a story of the past. Messrs. Cimon & Co. are building a steam saw mill at Murray Bay, Que., to saw spool-wood. Shipping reports from British Columbia indicate that the mills of that district had loaded up to the end of August, 1896, 76 cargoes of lumber. Of this number one has gone to Nova Scotia, one to the Baltic, 8 to Ireland, 17 to Australia, 21 to China, 21 to South America, and 7 to South Africa. ; NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 2 ee ee th ee oe DeVVVVCVVVVsttssee PewenNITOLA | AND THE NORTH-WEST TERRITORIES CBVOVVB Forest POSSESSIONS OF THE DOMINION WTVe Ve twse GOVERNMENT. —NATIVE TREES.— WESTERN Reta LUMBERMEN’S ASSOCIATION. —D. E. SPRAGUE’S MILL. HE forest lands of Manitoba and the Northwest Territuries, together with a tract 4o miles wide by 500 miles long in the Railway Belt of British Columbia, are owned by the Dominion government. So far as Manitoba and the Terri- tories are concerned, in comparison with their vast area, lumbering operations are less ex- tensive than in the other provinces of the Domin- ion. The great western region, from the Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains, and from the international boundary to the Arctic Ocean, although containing a vast amount of prairie, is by no means destitute of forest land. The rivers and streams passing through the prairies are fringed with poplars and other timber, and the ridges and hills possess spruce, black pine, pop- lar, etc., which supply the local saw mills. Spruce of large size is to be found north of the prairie region, where the balsam, fir, Banksian pine, the poplars and other similar trees abound. Confined to the south-east corner of Manitoba, which touches the forest region of Eastern Canada, are the white and red pine, the white cedar, the basswood, the maple, and the white elm. These species, however, are not to be found in any abundance. Manitoba are located several species of trees not to be found elsewhere in the province. These are the ash-leaved maple and the green ash, while the burr oak re-appears here after a wide interval. The territories bordering on the Rocky Moun- In the western part of et _ s Mr. D. N. McMILLAN, Morden, President Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association. tains contain some of the trees of British Colum- bia, such as the Douglas fir, the mountain pine, the spruces, etc. These are being largely utilized by lumbermen. There is a considerable number of saw-mills and wood-working establishments, but the prin- cipal timber supply is drawn from the adjoining Lake of the Woods district, where timber is found in abundance. The Crown receipts from forest lands in Mani- | Ree en, . a i dre “yy ' ; es toba and the Territories range from $60,000 to $70,000 annually. Licenses to cut the timber are disposed of to the highest bidder, subject to an annual ground rent of $5 per square mile and a royalty of five per cent. on the amount of the sales of all products of the berth, or on the value Mr. I. CocKBuURN, Winnipeg, Secretary Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association. of the lumber in the log. The Crown dues are as follows : Fence-posts 7 ft. long, and not ex- ceeding 5 in. at the smallend..... Fence-rails of poplar, and not exceed- ing 5 in. at the butt end.......... Rails of any other wood not exceed- ing 3 in. at the butt end.......... Building logs of poplar when not ex- ceeding 12 in. at the butt end..... Building logs of pine, spruce, tamarac and any other wood unenumerated when not exceeding 12 in. at the HEE ONC eae «ected verses +6 Building logs of oak, elm, ash, or maple when not exceeding 12 in. at Bheybubtrendsycrctsyer cine saree 2 oa wre DMneeS tren isia ical eureee owas « Telegraph poles 22 ft. long......... Telegraph poles, each lineal foot over monte eterna gaint cae oars cae nevi I cent per foot. Railway ties 8 feet long............ 3 cents each. Square timber and saw-logs of poplar. $2 per M. ft. B. M. Square timber and saw-logs of pine, cedar, spruce, tamarac and other woods unenumerated............. Square timber and saw-logs of oak, elit, ash ormaples .../. 60. . esceae,« I cent each. $2 per thousand. ¥% cent each. ¥% cent per lineal ft. I cent per lineal ft. 4octs. per thousand. 5 cents each. $3 per M. ft. B. M. The product of the local saw mills is disposed of entirely in the home market, no shipments to foreign countries being made ; in fact, consider- able British Columbia lumber finds a market in Manitoba. WESTERN RETAIL LUMBERMEN’S ASSOCIATION. To Manitoba and the Northwest belongs the credit of possessing the most active lumbermen’s association of the Dominion ; indeed, it might almost be said to be the only association existing to-day, one or two others apparently existing in name only. The organization of the Western Retail Lumbermen’s Association was effected in September, 1891,the main object of which being the protection of its members against sales of whole- sale dealers and manufacturers to contractors and consumers, and the giving of such protection as 1% cts. per lineal ft. : $2.50perM.ft.B.M. } may be within the limits of the co-operative as- sociation. Wholesale dealers and manufacturers are admitted as honorary members. At the end of seven months, when the first annual meeting was held, the membership consisted of 130 active members and 15 honorary members, which em- braced nearly all the dealers within the jurisdic- tion of the association. The first president was Mr. Alex. Black, of Winnipeg, and this position he held until the an- nual meeting in February of 1895, when Mr. J. L. Campbell, who had been vice-president, was made chief executive officer. The first secretary- treasurer was Mr. G. B. Housser, of Portage la Prairie, to whose energetic efforts, at the incep- tion of the organization, is very largely due its success. At the end of the first year he was suc- ceeded by Mr. I. Cockburn, who has since filled the position with much satisfaction to all the members. At the fifth annual meeting in Febru- ary last, Mr. D. M. McMillan, of Morden, was elected president, and Mr. T. A. Cuddy, of Min- nedosa, vice-president. Portraits of the presi- dent and secretary are presented herewith. Since the organization of the association much important work has been accomplished, and dealers have been enabled to maintain prices ata remunerative figure. MR. D. E. SPRAGUE. Mr. D. E. Sprague, of Winnipeg, whose mill we illustrate, commenced business in that city in 1872, in connection with Mr. J. W. Macauley. Previous to his arrival in the Northwest he was connected with the Georgian Bay Lumber Co. at Orillia and Waubaushene. In 1882 he estab- lished his present business, which has since steadily grown to its present large propor- tions. The saw and planing mills contain ma- chinery of the latest and most approved type for the manufacture of lumber and its preparation for the market. In fact the mills possess every facility for the successful operation of the busi- ness, the plant altogether being compact, and the most perfect system prevails in all departments. The mill has one circular saw, which, running ten hours, cuts fifty thousand feet of lumber, shingles and lath. The dry kiln has a capacity of 48 thous- and ft., and when operated on green pine lumber has a capacity (drying) of eight thousand feet per day. capacity of about one million feet. The sheds for dry and planed lumber have a The mill has D. E. SPRAGUE’S MILL AT WINNIPEG. been running night and day this season and will cut about seven million feet, about half of which is from American and half from Canadian pine logs. His trade is of a very extensive nature, extending throughout all parts of Manitoba and the Northwest. The total number of men em- ployed is about ninety. In all affairs of a public nature for the advance- ment of the city Mr. Sprague figures conspicuous- ly, and is looked upon as one of the city’s most enterprising and progressive business men. He is vice-president of the Winnipeg Agricultural and Industrial Exhibition Association, and one ot the board of directors of the Winnipeg general : hospital. 3° 3 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN =A ORIN VEVEVCVVVVVVVVVVSVVSVVTA a tthe atti tata qd Tue SPRUCE PRODUCING PROVINCES OF THE DoMINION.—EXTENT OF FOREST LANDS.—DIFFERENT MetuHops oF DISPOSING OF THE TIMBER. —ENTER- PRISING PULP AND LUMBER COMPANIES. NEW BRUNSWICK. EXT to British Columbia, New Brunswick possesses the largest percentage of forest lands in propor- tion to thetotalarea. Of the 28,100 square miles contained within her boundaries, 14,766 miles are timbered lands. Spruce predominates in nearly every section, while there are also to be found quautities of pine, white cedar, hemlock, larch, balsam, and a variety of hardwoods, such as maple, birch, Mr. ALEXANDER GIBSON. ash and poplar. Owing to the rapid develop- ment of the pulp industry, and the strong de- mand in the United Kingdom for deals, spruce timber is now receiving a great deal of attention, and the cut during the present year promises to exceed that of any previous one. The forest lands of New Brunswick are owned by the government, and the right to cut the tim- ber thereon is disposed of by auction. An upset price of eight dollars per square mile is fixed, and the limit is sold to the highest bidder, sub- ject to stumpage regulations and restrictions, the lease being granted for a term of twenty-five years. The stumpage paid upon. logs, timber or lumber is as follows : For spruce, pine, hardwood or hacmatac saw logs, per M superficial feet................. $1 oo Hardwood timber, up to average of 14 inches square, per tOM...... ee eee ee eee eee eee eens 0 90 Hardwood timber, above 14 inches, per inch addi- tional, per tOM.......--- cece e eee eee eee 0 10 Pine timber, up to 14 inches square, per ton..... 1 00 Pine timber, additional per inch, per ton........ 0 25 Hacmatac timber, per ton..................... 050 Spruce timber, per tom... .:.+.- sees eee eee eens 0 50 Cedar logs, per M superficial feet ............. 0 80 Or per M on the shingles sawed from same, for the first three grades, each................ 0 10 Shaved shingles, per M.......... 25 3° ROBO 0 20 Railway ties, ordinary length, each............ 0 02 Boom poles, each......1+--eeeeee eee e eee eeee 0 02 Brackets, each ...0rccs-semeeeses Wises resees oO O1 Spruce or pine spars, for ship masts, etc., per lineal foGticc «oc. kei cht en eee ae neon $o o1 Spruce or pine piling, per lineal foot............ 0 00% Hemlock, per M superficial feet (full scale)...... 0 40 White birch logs, for spool wood per M super- ficial fectery. 2. ace cee eer er ae lara 0 65 And for other descriptions of lumber, such as knees, foot hooks, cordwood, etc., etc., twelve and one half per cent. of the market value thereof at the mill, place of shipment, or place of consumption in the province. No spruce trees are allowed to be cut under license which will not make a log at least 18 feet in length and ten inches diameter at the small end. Licenses are subject to renewal by the first day of August in each year. According to the twenty-fifth annual report of the surveyor-general, the receipts from the sale of timber licenses during the year ending October 31st, 1895, were $13,886.25, against $6,122.33 for the previous year. Renewals of timber licenses produced a revenue of $25,974.00, and net stumpage $100,142.39. In the year 1892 an extension of the term of leases was made from ten to twenty-five years, and since the introduc- tion of this system the sales of timber licenses have largely increased. Of late there has been greater competition at sales of Crown lands, and lum- bermen are said to evince a strong desire to protect from fire, as far as possible, the lands purchased by them. It is estimated that there are within the province up- wards of 700 saw mills and 150 shingle mills, but these figures cannot be taken as Situated on the and Miramichi accurate. St. ~ John rivers are some of the finest mills to be found in Canada. Excellent shipping facilities are afforded for catering to the European and other for- eign trade, which gives promise of more rapid devel- opment in the future. The following figures show the exports to Europe for the past ten years: Ft. B. M. Ft. B. M. LES Omertectaicks 276,000,000 189!........ 253,000,000 ‘iste ee tosOC 250,000,000 1892........ 325,000,000 TESS rae 277,000,000 1893........ 312,000,000 TSO er a ele 369,000,000 1894........ 326,000,000 VSG Occ 293,000,000 1895........ 291,000,000 Among the principal shippers to the foreign market may be mentioned Hon. J. B. Snowball, of Chatham ; Alex. Gibson, of Marysville ; W. M. Mackay, Geo. McKear, J. & L. B. Knight and Cushing & Co., of St. John. MR. ALEXANDER GIBSON. Mr Alexander Gibson, of Marysville, whose portrait we again present, is known as the lumber king of New Brunswick. His mills are situated on the Nashwaak river, near Fredericton. NOVEMBER, 1896 Mr. Gibson is the owner of thousands of acres of timber lands, five saw mills, a large cotton mill and the Canada Eastern railway. He is the shipper annually of upwards of one hundred million feet of lumber to different markets, chiefly to Great Britain. Over a thousand persons are directly in his employ in summer, and upwards of two thousand in winter, in connection with his lumbering operations. Six hundred men are employed stream driving in the spring, and about the same number in the cotton mill constantly. At Marysville he owns three saw mills, one cutting long lumber, another shingles and an- other lath. The spruce is cut into deals for the English market, being towed down the St. John river to the harbor of St. John for loading on steamers. The cedar logs are cut into shingles, the clears and extras for the United States market and the other grades for the provincial market. The laths and hemlock also go to the United States market. He has two mills at Blackville, one cutting hemlock and the other spruce. Last year the cut was 5,000,000 feet each of spruce and hem- lock, and about 3,000,000 feet of cedar. Besides the cut of his own mill Mr. Gibson buys large quantities of lumber for shipment to the British market. His cut averages about 40,000,- ooo teet annually, while the amount of his shipments to the British market alone exceed 80,000,000 feet per year. Since he began opera- tions on the Nashwaak he is said to have mar- keted fully a thousand million feet of lumber from his own mills there and at Blackville. Like many other men who have been eminent- ly successful, Mr. Gibson began life without any capital, working with his axe for the ordinary woodman’s wage. Afterwards he commenced business at Milltown, and later on removed to Lepreaux, where he acquired a small fortune. Not feeling satisfied he removed to the Nashwaak, THE ABERDEEN MILLS, FREDERICTON. where he laid the foundation of the extensive establishment which exists to-day. THE ABERDEEN MILLS. The Aberdeen Mills are located at Fredericton, and were built some three years ago by Messrs. Donald Fraser & Sons, the firm consisting of Donald Fraser, sr., and his two sons, Donald and Archie. They acquired wealth and fame as lumbermen at River De Chute, where they still have a very fine water power saw, shingle,clap- board and lath mill, which they run to its full capacity. Their experience in the manufacture of clapboards led them to make radical improve- ments in the machinery required for the purpose, and while making and testing those improve- NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN f rs ments they saw where changes for the better could still be made if building anew. Some years ago they began looking around for a suit- able site for milling, as they found it difficult to hold the logs they required for the season, and after consideration decided to build at Frederic- ton. The mill is about one mile above the pro- vincial parliament buildings, and very prettily situated. So far as scenery from the mill is con- cerned, there is perhaps nothing to compare with it in Eastern Canada. The grand St. John river is just in front; on the opposite side the placid and enchanting Nashwaak river unites its waters with the St. John; a mile or so above in the main river are to be seen beautiful islands ; looking down the river on the opposite side is the village of St. Marys; alittle further is the village of Gibson, where the Nashwaak river empties into the St. John. Some three miles up this river is to be seen a great cloud of black smoke, which comes from the chimney of A.Gibson & Son’s great cotton factory at Marysville ; the long spans of the wooden bridge from Frederic- ton to St. Marys show up nicely, while a mile further down the splendid iron railway bridge catches the eye—both bridges being about three- quarters of a mile in length. One cannot get a very good view of Fredericton from the mill, as the location is flat. Across the river the land rises gradually from the river bank, where are nicely cultivated farms with neat houses and surroundings for a few miles ; then as far as the eye can reach can be seen the rich green of the spruce, with here and there a patch of hardwood, the leaves of which are now in all the variegated hues imaginable. Taking in the whole as a panorama one cannot help feeling that he is near the ‘‘ Celestial City.” Fearing that our readers cannot enter into the spirit of the picture as herein very impertectly painted, it is hoped that this description of the beauties of this earthly ‘‘ celestial city,” Frederic- ton, New Brunswick, may be the means of in- ducing the western people who contemplate a summer trip to stop over at that point, and for a certainty they will confirm all that has been said, and will say that the colors used were not half bright enough. The Messrs. Fraser having selected the loca- tion, erected a very convenient building and equipped it with the best class of machines. Their circular has a capacity of 40,000 sup. feet, clapboard machines of 8,000 pieces, shingle ma- chines—of which they have two ‘‘ Dunbar”—of 30,000, and lath machines ot 40,000 per day of ten hours. During the greater part of this sea- son they have been running night and day to keep up with orders. The power is steam, a pair of quick motion engines driving the main shaft, from which counter shafts are driven for the various machines throughout the mill. Be- ginning with a quick motion main shaft, the pulleys are very small as compared with some of the mills using the slow motion engines. The firm make a specialty of clapboards, and have a reputation in that line that only time and a close attention to the business can give. In connec- tion with this branch of their business they have a fine dry house, with a capacity equal to their cut, the clapboards going direct from the saw to Ans Hon. J. B. SNOWBALL. it, and from there to the planers, then to the warehouse. The firm are also large lumber operators on the Tobique river, getting out from eight to ten million feet per year. In connection with the mill they are building up quite a village and the business is of great importance to the city of Fredericton. HON. J. B. SNOWBALL’S MILLS, CHATHAM, N. B. HON. J. B. SNOWBALL. The largest producer of lumber on the Mira- michi river is the Hon. J. B. Snowball, whose mills are located at Chatham. His annual ship- ments, principally spruce deals, vary from twenty million to twenty five million feet. His mill is equipped with three gangs, with a complement of trimmers, and has an output of 30,000,000 ft. per year. The product of three other mills in the district is also handled by Mr. Snowball, and is shipped largely to Great Britain, Messrs. Farnworth & Jardine being his representatives there. Mr. Snowball, whose portrait may be seen on this page, is a native of Nova Scotia, having been born at Lunenburg in 1837. His family is of German origin, but for several generations were residents of Yorkshire, Eng. His connec- tion with the lumber business of the maritime provinces is of long duration, and the vicinityiin which he lives owes much of its success; to his characteristic enterprise and enduring qualities. In addition to his lumber business, he is also largely interested in several railways of the province and other financial enterprises. He represented the county of Northumberland in the House of Commons from 1878 to 1882, when he retired, and on May tst, 1891, was called to the Senate. In politics he is a Liberal-Conservative. Cc. M. BOSTWICK & COMPANY. As is the case with many other settlements throughout the Dominion, the village of Big Salmon River owes its existence to the lumbering industry. It is located a distance of ten miles from St. Martins, and the river of the same name is one of the largest on the coast. The estate of C. M. Bostwick & Co. in the vicinity comprises 100,000 acres, or 156 square miles. The site of the mill, with a square mile or so of territory about it, was granted in 1834 to Allen McLean. Mr. McLean sold out soon after to Messrs. Budd & Robinson, who built two small mills of the ‘‘jack-knife” variety. The property came into the hands of the late Henry Chubb, by whom it was sold in 1841 to the late Wm. Davidson and James Adams. Mr. Davidson bought out Mr. Adams and remained sole pro- prietor until his death. He built a modern mill, fully up to date. The site was a considerable distance above the present mill and the lumber was carried to the shore by a tramway. The first Davidson mill, with the dam, the cook house and other buildings, were carried away in the great flood of 1854. Mr. Davidson built again on the spot where the new mill stands. This mill was burned and in its place was erected a large and well equipped establish- ment, which was on the property when the Bost- wick firm took possession, more than thirty years after. This spring, just as operations were com- mencing, while five million feet of logs were in the pond and contracts made for the sale of all the lumber as fast as manufactured, another fire swept away the whole structure. A small steam mill on the beach, built by the Davidsons, had been burned some years before. The property as purchased by the Bostwick firm in 1890 from the Davidson estate included these two mills and a small property with a mill 32 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN at Martin’s Head. sum of $100,000. Preparations for rebuilding were made at once and afew weeks ago the new mill was put in operation. Like its predecessors, it is run by water power, two water wheels driving the ma- chinery. One of these is a 66 inch turbine which was in the old mill. The other is a Blake or Cleveland improved 60 inch wheel, made in St. John. The two wheels are so arranged that either may be run separately, or by the shifting of a belt both may be connected together with the main driving shaft. The first floor contains all the shafting and has ten feet posts. The action of the machinery is all made as direct as possible, so that the equip- ment is a model of simplicity and solidity. The second story contains a gang adjusted for _ deals and boards, an edger, a deal trimmer, a trimmer to cut into lath stuff, anda lath ma- chine. There is also a splitter to work up de- fective or broken timber into lath material. The edger was made by Waring, White & Co., of St. John; the lath machine is a Ross patent, built by Harry Allen. The belt is a 15 inch rub- ber from the Boston Rubber Belting Company. The mill itself is 110 by 41% feet. The frame was made under the superintendence of Mr. Robt. Armstrong. The machinery was built by Mr. B. F. Eagles, after plans devised and arranged by Mr. F. M. Anderson, the general manager. The roof is heavily coated with fireproof paint. The refuse is carried by an endless chain, run- ning in a trough to a dump built up to where the tide surrounds it, and is there burned. The cut- ting capacity is 50,000 feet per day. Mr. C. M. Bostwick considers he possesses about the best timbered land on the Bay shore. He says that it has a perfect system of water- ways, as the main stream takes in branches just where they are needed to bring in the timber. He-has spent a good deal of money in perfecting an outfit of driving dams and is not troubled with having his logs hung up. The logs are cut and driven by contract. The quantity of stand- ing timber suitable for sawing cannot easily be estimated, but Mr. Bostwick expresses the opin- ion that while he only takes five million a year The price paid was the round Hartow & Kempton’s Saw MILL, MILTON, N.S. off the property, the quantity standing will always increase, this amount being less than the annual growth. FROM SOUTH AFRICA. A letter has been received by the Canapa Lum- BERMAN from a firm of timber importers in South Africa, requesting that lumber manufacturers and dealers in New Brunswick, who are ina position to supply the South African trade, should communicate with them, giving specifications of what they can supply. The address of our cor- respondents will be furnished upon request. NOVA SCOTIA. Unuike the neighboring province of New Brunswick, the Crown lands of Nova Scotia are purchased outright from the Government, there being no system of timber licenses. While the total area of the province is upwards of 20,000 square miles, or about 13,440,000 acres, not more than 6,500 sq. miles is timbered land, and even much of this is covered with small growth and unfit tor lumbering. It is claimed that about 1,500,000 acres are owned by lumber- men, and the balance by farmers and the Crown in equal proportion. Some years ago the province pos- sessed no inconsiderable quan- tities of white and red pine, but what remains to-day is almost wholly on private pro- perty. The spruce forests are now of the greatest value, and furnish an abundance of first- class timber. There is also to be found a fair proportion of hemlock, hacmatac, balsam, etc. Of the hardwoods there is perhaps the greatest supply of beech, birch, maple and ash, which are utilized both tor home and foreign requirements. In the year 1894 the number of saw mills operating in Nova Scotia was roughly estimated at 1,200, while of shingle mills there were over The census re- the quantity of timber cut in 1870 amounted to 200. turns show that 15,494,000 cubic feet ; in 1880 to 27,745,000 cubic feet, and in 1890 to 46,408,000 cubic feet. It will thus be seen that each year the total cut is rapidly in- creasing. Of the quantity of timber produced, less than one-tenth is required for home consump- tion, the balance being shipped toforeign mar- kets, principal of which are the United King- dom and South Ameri- ca, the main shipping ports being Ambherst, Halifax and Parrsboro. Theshipmentsof deals, etc., from Nova Sco- tian ports in 1893 amounted to 109, 252,- 930 sup. feet, and in 1894 to 106,327,250 feet. The manufacture of pulp is an_ industry which has already largely added to the prosperity of Nova Scotia, and promises to further develop as the quality of the manufac- By this means is utilized much of the product of the forest which is not adapted for merchantable timber. tured article becomes better known. THE LIVERPOOL RIVER. The traveller along the southern coast of Nova Scotia is rather attracted by the pretty appear- -ance of the town of Liverpool, with its streets overshadowed by rows of beautiful ornamental trees, and its well filled and well kept places of business, the more so as he has travelled over a NOVEMBER, 1896 long and uninviting piece of country before reach- ing it. He naturally inquires what the industry of the place is to build up and support, amid apparently unfavorable conditions, such a snug little town. Among other things, in answer to his question he is told that the river extending up through the town and into the country beyond is the life of per- haps the principal industry of the county of Queens, namely, the manufacture of lumber and pulp. Two miles up the river is the village of Milton. At present there is a company constructing an electric railroad from Liverpool to the Milton Pulp Co.’s mills at Deep Brook, five miles‘upjthe KEMPTVILLE LUMBER Mra. Co.’s FACTORY, YARMOUTH, N. S. river, which is expected to be in operation this winter. Two bridges cross the river at Milton at a dis- tance of nearly a mile apart, located at each of which are lumber mills. Principal among them are those of John Millard and Messrs. Harlow & Kempton, the former at the lower bridge and the latter at the upper or Potanoc bridge. The mills of Messrs. Harlow & Kempton, which we illustrate, are doubtless the best on the river, and being owned by very enterprising men, are kept supplied with nearly all the modern ap- pliances for cutting and manufacturing lumber of all descriptions. At the time of writing these mills are undergo- ing quite a thorough repairing, under the super- vision of Mr. Duncan Buchanan, of Apohaqui, N. B.,a gentleman with large experience in mill build- ing and thorough knowledge of his line of busi- ness. He is putting in two of his improved tur- bines, one of the same kind having been used by this firm for six years with the best of satisfaction. This firm is now putting in another planer, a band saw and sash and door machinery, which will employ, all told, about forty men. One mile above Harlow & Kempton’s mill is the establishment of the Milton Pulp Co., the principal shareholder of which is the Hon. A. G. Jones, of Halifax. This mill is first-class in every respect, and appearances indicate that the com- pany intend to be fully up to the times, as they are constantly adding the latest improvements in pulp mill machinery. The capacity of the mill 1s torty to fifty tons of pulp daily, which seems to be fully maintained as time goes by, under the able and skillful management of Mr. J. S. Hughes. KEMPTVILLE LUMBER MANUFACTURING COMPANY. The mills of this company are located at Kempt- ville, N. S., while they also have a large factory and warerooms at Yarmouth, a cut of which ap- pears herewith. They are manufacturers and dealers in lumber of all kinds, kiln-dried sheeting and flooring, doors, sashes, mouldings, clap- boards, shingles, brackets, ballusters, laths, box shooks, and builders’ material generally. At present they are making a specialty of mantels in quartered oak and white wood, some of the de- signs being especially beautiful. The manager at Yarmouth is Mr. A. H. Poole, who reports the company’s business as steadily increasing. a NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN is NEW PORTABLE SAW MILL. Tuts mill is designed to meet the wants of those re- quiring a mill adapted toa wide range of work, using either light or heavy power. The Sawyer & Massey Co., Ltd., of Hamilton, who are the manufacturers, claim that it is simpler and has fewer parts than other mills, is easier to set up and keep in order. The husk frame is a strong wooden frame with an extension to receive carriage tracks. This feature insures quick setting up and perfect alignment of the track with the saw. The frame will take saws up to fifty-six inches diameter. There are three heavy boxes for the saw mandril, one box on each side of the main drive pulley. All shafts are steel and large in diameter. Pulleys are large, with wide faces, so as to insure no slipping of belts. The lever for controlling the friction feed and gigging back are one; by simply throwing the lever back or forward, it throws the gigging back in or out of gear. The saw- yer’s set works on the carriage are so placed that each time the carriage comes back the lever comes to the sawyer’s hand, so that he can set to saw any desired thickness without leaving his position at the feed and gig back lever, and by simply turning his hand he can throw all pawls out, and the opposite motion of lever which brought the knees forward will with the best composition metal, have a pivoted bearing and can be adjusted by set screws soasto give any amount of lead to the saw. The boxes are provided with large oil cavities in each end of box, so that oiling once a day is sufficient. The lumber rollers on the husk frame are carried by heavy stand boxes bolted to the frame. The revolving splitter is provided with means for adjusting endways. The saw guide is made so that both jaws can be moved together, so as to give lead to the saw inwards or outwards, as may be required, or either jaw can be adjusted independently. The carriage it 18 feet long and made of yellow pine, well seasoned, well put together, and of sufficient strength to hold the largest logs without the least tremble. The track ways are made of well gig them back ready to put on the next log. In connection with the set works there is a lumber gauge which attaches to the husk or saw frame within easy reach of the sawyer, so placed that any desired thickness can be quickly set and a uniform thickness pre- served during any entire day’s sawing. The set works have a two inch shaft running the full length of carriage, sustained under each head block by a hanging box bolted to the log seat. With each mill is furnished 1 ' 1 1 1 1 ' 1 peats,” which speaks weli for the ‘‘ Unique” telephones, which have now been on the market for several years and give perfect satisfaction. The Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., of Toronto, have recent- ly added a new department to their business, viz., the making of shafting, hangers, etc., and report a good outlook for busi- ness in these lines. F, Stancliffe, of Flat Lands, N. B., has had a 50-light plant installed in his shingle mill. This plant was supplied and in- stalled by John Starr, Son & Co., of Halifax, N. S. The firm of B. R. Mowry & Son, of Gravenhurst, Ont., have attained a wide reputation as manufacturers of saw mill ma- chinery, castings of all kinds, steam niggers, and general re- pairs. But perhaps their greatest success has been in connection seasoned lumber, coupled together with cast iron coup- ling so as to bring the track in perfect line when brought together. TRADE NOTES. Messrs. John Starr, Son & Co. have just installed a fifty- light plant for the St. Croix Paper Mills Co., of Hartville, N. S. The Small & Fisher Company, of Woodstock, N. B., re- ceived an order recently from the Pacific coast for three shingle machines. This firm had an attractive display at the recent St. John exhibition. The S. Hadley Lumber Co., Ltd., Chatham, Ont., are about to engage in the manufacture of office fittings, mantels and special furniture. Their own business office, handsomely Saw GEARING—NEW PORTABLE SAW MILL, MANUFACTURED By SAWYER & MassEy Co. three of Inksetter’s head blocks which can be set simul- taneously, or each knee can be moved separately for tapered logs. Each head block is also provided with Inksetter’s double ended gravity and screw dogs. This dog will securely hold any sized log down to the last board. The friction feed and gigging back lever, lumber gauge, set works, patent head block with sliding knees, and patent dogs are all under the control and eye of the sawyer. The saw mandril boxes are long and strong, lined fitted up in quartered oak, is conclusive evidence of their ability to turn out work of the highest class in the lines mentioned. Messrs. John Starr, Son & Co., Halifax, have recently in- stalled a 200-light plant for Kilgour Shives, of Campbellton, N. B. This is used for lighting Mr. Shives’ extensive Jumber mills and yards. The ‘‘ Unique” telephones as manufactured by John Starr, Son & Co., Halifax, are having a large sale. This firm have recently supplied a number of telephones and switch-boards to Campbellton and Quebec, both of which orders were ‘‘ re- with the ‘‘ Boss” shingle machine, which is now being used by manufacturers in every part of the Dominion. They recently shipped a complete shingle machine, jointer and packer, to Mr. G. O. Buchanan, of the Kootenay Lake Saw Mill, Kaslo, B. C. An instance of the popularity of the ‘‘ Boss” machine is shown by the fact that McLachlin Bros., of Arnprior, purchased two machines, and in the following year duplicated the order. The firm of B. R. Mowry & Son has been established since 1882, and is composed of Mr. B. R. Mowry and his three sens. The Ottawa Saw Works Co., of Ottawa, inform us that they have, during the past year, made large additions to their plant, especially in the band saw department. They have erected furnaces and put in the latest improved machinery for the manufacture of band saws, and consider that they now have the best equipped band saw plant in America. They are supplying this class of saws to most of the large mills throughout Canada, and their increased trade speaks for the quality of the work. They have had to add to their staff several expert workmen who have come direct from the best American saw shops during the past year. In addition to band saws they make a specialty of circular, gang, shingle and all kinds of mill saws. This concern commenced operations about two years ago in Ottawa. The active members of the firm being practical saw men, it is not surprising that they met with success. Their trade extends throughout Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia and the mari- time provinces. Much attention has been attracted to a dry-kiln installation at Glen Jean, W. Va., in the plant of the Glen Jean Lumber Co. This mill is recognized as up-to-date in all its equipment, and the enterprising president of the company, Mr. J. J. Rob- inson, is a believer in advanced methods. The dry-kiln plant is the compression system installed by the Emerson Co., of Baltimore. We have received a sample of quarter-sawn oak flooring dried in this kiln. It is thoroughly dried and shows a splendid finish. The sample illustrates the advantages of the Emerson system, and lumber dried by this process should find a wide demand. Favorable comment regarding the Emerson system is heard on all sides. Recently the company received from Edward E. Rueter, superintendent of the Globe Furniture Co., High Point, N. C., the following letter: ‘‘ After a person has used half a dozen or more of the various kinds of so-called patented dry-kilns without obtaining satisfactory results, he is calculated to become doubly cautious when desirous of making a change from former experience to another system in order to reach perfection in the drying of lumber. Such was the ques- tion with us last April, when we looked about for a method to dry lumber in a more perfect manner, and at the same time more economical in the long run. Past experience taught us to seek such results, if they could be obtained, regardless of first cost. This question now is solved, after having used your method of drying for several months. We congratulate your company on having a better method for the drying of lumber than any heretofore used by us. The kiln does what you guar- anteed it would do, and it is with pleasure that we recommend its use to others in need of a first-class system.” —Manufactur- ers’ Record, Baltimore. 34 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 1896 A COMPLETE WOOD-WORKING ESTAB- LISHMENT. THE many improvements which have been made in recent years in wood-working machinery are forcibly illustrated by a visit to the estab- lishment of Messrs. J. B. Smith & Sons, on Strachan avenue, Toronto. There the manipu- lation of lumber into the various classes of stock, such as doors, sashes, mouldings, blinds, boxes, etc., is carried on at a surprising degree of rapidity. The firm is composed of Messrs. John M., Robert, William J. and James H., four sons of the late J. B. Smith, and the business has been established since the year 1851. The lumber for the factory is obtained from their saw mill at Callendar, a siding from the Grand Trunk Railway running through the yard adjacent to the mill and affording track room for twenty-five cars. The yard covers an area of 334 acres, and is kept constantly filled with the vari- ous classes of lumber requited for their purpose, some ot which is obtained fromthe SouthernStates. The factory is a three-storey brick structure, 200 x 50 feet in size. The machinery is driven by a 150 h. p. Goldie & McCulloch engine, backed by two boilers. The factory and dry kiln is heated by hot air forced through coils of pipe with a separate engine and fan. This is accomplished by means of a Moffatt feed water heater and purifier, which also purifies the water and re- moves the scale, thereby preventing it from get- ting into the tubes of the boiler. The machinery on the ground floor consists of four planers and matchers, three four-headed stickers, two band saws, circular re-saw and other cross-cut and wood saws. One of these matchers is capable of matching all four sides up to 6x 24. The second floor contains a double set of sash and door machinery, including an ‘«Invincible”’ polisher or planer, capable of dress- ing stock 60 inches in width and 8 inches in depth, which is done by means of sand-paper This planer will perform, it is claimed, At the present time the firm have large orders for drums. as much work as_ twenty-five men. veneered doors, which they manufacture in white- wood, black and white ash, and quarter cut oak. In a small room off this floor is the glueing de- partment, where the veneers are glued together. This is kept warm by means of the system of coils before mentioned. The top storey is de- voted toa store room for mouldings, sash and doors and kiln-dried material. The size of the dry kiln is 50x 18 feet. Fuel for the boilers is furnished by the shav- ings and sawdust, which are blown by fans through © galvanized ‘pipes running up the outside of the building to cyclone separa- on the which separate the dust iron tors roof, from the shavings and sawdust, the latter drop- ping into hoppers and being carried to the boilers. A machine shop is also in connection with the premises for repairing. DROP CARVING MACHINE, THE accompanying illustration represents a drop carving machine which is said to possess much merit, and which has been patented in the United States, Canada and European countries. The machine is simple and easily operated. When the carvings leave the machine they are ready to be placed on the furniture. They can be made of any thickness from one-sixteenth to an inch thick. A furniture manufacturer who Drop CARVING MACHINE. has been using the machine says: ‘‘ Prior to putting in a carving machine I employed eight hand carvers and five spindle carvers. doing all of the carving formerly done by this I am now force of men with one drop carving machine and one man, and am using far more carving on my furniture than when I used the old method; be- sides this, my saving is very large in that the machine does all of the scroll sawing and sanding of the carvings.” BAND VS. CIRCULAR-SSAWN LUMBER IN THE PLANING MILL. Not many numbers since considerable was said com- paring band and circular saws and their work. Some writers were quite hard on the band, condemning its work without scruple, and giving it no credit except that it could saw ; and it was a foregone conclusion that it sawed badly. Self interest looks only from one standpoint, and what- ever comes under the scope of the individual observation is either all sunlight or all shadow. The drummer, selling for a house making only circulars, can see no good in the band, and, of course, the band drummer sees only perfec- tion in the shining band, which saves half the stock in each cut—which may, or may not, be even the shadow of truth. I haven't the least prejudice against either, having no interest in either except to have the work go through and come out of the planing machine as nearly perfect as pos- sible. It makes no difference to me if a plank is two inches thick at one end and three inches thick at the other, or whether it is band or circular sawed. The ques- tion with me is the wear and tear of the machine in plan- ing it, and the loss of time made necessary in such un- evenly sawn stock. I claim, as I will try to show, that all of this poor work comes from either not knowing how to keep saws and machinery in order, or from a desire to rush the work. No matter what shape it comes out, as long as it comes out and is counted and shipped. The stock is sawn and shipped and the planer does the rest. You planing mill machine men who make a specialty of running yellow pine stock, know how it is. From this standpoint I give you a result of some of my observations running circular-sawed stock. Here is a lot of 5-4x3, sawed by Tift, Brunswick, Ga. The sawing is uniform in width and thickness on much of the stuff, only the cut of every tooth can be seen. So much circu- lar-sawed work shows the feed that this is a very notice- able thing. Some of this stock is so nicely sawn that even the tooth-marks are scarcely visible. Of the 20,000 feet in this little order there were no poor pieces. The strips were very uniform in thickness and width, and the sawing was perfection itself. This shows one fact in circular sawing: that it can be well done, and that some people can and do keep their saws in good shape. Timber from the same parties always comes sawed squarely, even in size from end to end, and only the tooth marks are to be seen. About this tooth mark business, what I mean is this : Instead of the feed mark, which is almost invariably seen in sawing, and by which we tell how much the saw is feeding, we see only the cut of each single tooth. This lot under consideration showed just the tooth mark. Put alongside of this another lot which was shipped us from Fernandina; the same kind of stuff, 5-4x3. All of this lot showed the feed mark very plainly. Some was so bad that you could put a straight-edge across and see one-sixteenth of an inch between the ridges, while the strips in width often vary an inch from end to end, and often almost as much in thickness. A considerable lot had to be thrown out from thin ends, or thin in the middle. Of the 15,000 feet in the lot, as much as 500 feet had to be thrown out on account of thin ends and thin centres. Now take two lots of heavier stock, the shipment and sawyers of which are not known tome. The first lot of stuff, 3x12, from Fernandina, p4s, was even in thickness and width. The sawing was good, the feed marks show- ing about as usual, but not badly. We ran all day on this lot on a 4o-foot feed, and not a belt slipped nor did we have to shut off feed to catch up speed. When the ast plank went through I knew we had made a remark- ably fine run. Contrast with this what I shall call the gulf lot, 3x8, also p4s. This lot had all the qualities of the 5-4x3 spoken of, wide and narrow ends, thick and thin ends, and middles varying often more than an inch in both. We had to have the ends of much of it chamfered in the thickness. I took off the outside chip-breaker to prevent breaking it and waded through with the feeder’s hand on the shipping lever. shipped the last plank of this lot out I felt as the parson did who was called upon to make remarks at the funeral of a noted jockey and gambler. He began by reading one of Watts’ hymns, the second line of which reads, ‘‘ Thank God the curse’s removed.” We are repeating these things from day to day as orders come in. I give these instances to show that the circular saw can do good work as well as poor. It all depends on the way it is handled. We see two lots of planed stuff come in, one nearly perfection, the other any- thing but desirable. I might say the same about the band-sawed stuff that comes to us. We have lots of 5-4x12 North Carolina stock shipped us by two different parties. Both are band sawed. One is all ridges, the other as nice as can be sawed. The trouble is with the man handling the machines. It is worse than folly to say that the band is a failure or that it cannot fairly compete with the circular in every place — where they may be brought into competition. Place the trouble where it belongs. Anold aphorism says: ‘‘ What man has done, man can do ;” hence, if one man can make a circular saw cut so that every tooth will show exactly the same cut, another man ean if he has the right educa- tion and qualifications,—‘‘ E. L. O.” in Woodworker, Of course we put it out, but when we is ‘ NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 35 WOOD-WORKING MACHINERY. ENDLESS BED SURFACER Single or Double Cylinder—a Positive Fast Feed for Green, Wet or Icy Lumber—Very Suitable For Saw Mills that Ship Planed Lumber. THE ECONOMIST PLANER, MATCHER and MOULDER.—Mandrel Double- Belted—all Feed-Rolls Driven—Strong, Powerful Feed. from No. 4 Weight - 2,750 for ‘Planing Factories to , No. 8—12,500 for the Heaviest _ Re-Sawing oe THE CHAMPION [22225 2a7CHER ae ovypEs, pg ’ : Driven—a Heavy, Fast.and very popular Machine. ESTABLISHED «6- - 1844 INCORPORATED - = - $874 NEW WORKS OCCUPIED 1896 NO. 4 BAND RE-SAW VEN FER OR PEELING MAGH | NE Shown peeling a very Short log.—No. 1 takes a log 5 ft. x 48 1n.; No. 2, 6 ft. x 48 in.—Makes any thickness of Veneers—Handles most of the Soft Woods without Steaming—a Very Profitable Addition to any Saw-Mill. EVERYTHING FOR SAW MILLS—GET OUR QUOTATIONS. ae WATEROUS, Brantford, Canada beeen a a eS ee kw 36 THE CANADA BS ee OVEMBER, 1896 [cmmecom |: 7 COSTS YOU NGAI COWAN & CO. @att, ont j zee eee Automatic “ “Compres d -Worki | Wood-Worki ng SDSESosoepyesy a ‘DRY KILN: Machi N ery : UNLESS OUR GUARANTEE IS FULFILLED t of every description, including SAW MILLS, CORLISS ss | om To e you of the Superiority ‘of out ia ee AND SLIDE VALVE ENGINES, AND BOILERS i Have you ever seen our ees Steel . . ? ( Wick ee ne Ws cass gle ee ea ee =e Roller Bearing = ae Lumber Buggies ¢§ RE SE CRNA EE THE EMERSON COMPAN BUILDING BALI MORE, MD, U.S.A. Montreal Office: 54 IMPERIAL BUILDING. Works: THREE RIVERS, “QUE Founders and “Machinists Improved Barking-Doublé Edaers, Saw Mill Machinery Slab-Splitting, Scantling, &6. Gast Iron Water and Gas PICS wom 2SRac ata ups wards in diameter. Made on the latest and most approved principle, by which uniformity and soundness are secured. Hydrants, Valves an General Iron a Brass Gastinds Makers of Law’s Patent Improved Duplex Anti-Freezing Hydrant, giving the greatest satisfaction wherever used. IMPROVED FRICTION AND OTHER PULLEYS Shafting, Couplings, Bearings, and General Shop Gearing. 5. K. Mow PU & SON 2” ped ius — | “SRW MILL 4 : | a Se The Best Ale PY SHINGLE MILL | Machine | MAGHINERY on the Shingle Machineru a Specialty Market REPAIRING PROMPTLY AND GAREFULLY.EXEGUTED <= Gravenhurst, Ont. | : NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 37 CALCULATING SPEED OF PULLEYS. The following are given as rules for calculating speed of pulleys : I. The diameter of the driver and driven being given, to find the number of revolu- tions of the driven : Rule. Multiply the diameter of the driver by its number of revolutions, and divide the product by the diameter of the driven ; the quotient will be the number of revolutions. II. The diameter and revolutions of the driver being given to find the diameter of driven, that shall make any given number of revolutions in the same time : Rule. Multiply the diameter of the driver by its number of revolutions, and divide the product by the number of revolu- tions of the driven ; the quotient will be its diameter. III. To ascertain the size of the driver: Rule. Multiply the driven by the number of revolutions you wish to make, and divide the product by the revolutions of the driver; the quotient will be the size of the driver. the diameter of WOMEN IN SAW MILLS. The employment of female labor, says the London Timber Trades Journal, is not unusual in the box-making establishments of Great Britain, but the tending of saw mill machinery by ‘the fair is an innovation yet to be made. ahead of us in this development in America —as usual—for we understand that the saw mill of the Missouri. Lumber and Mining Company, of Grandin, Mo., is “manned” (if the term is allowable) by women. A few weeks ago they built a new mill for dealing with Beaver Dam soft pine, and it was decided that only gentle hands should touch the productions. A woman was placed in command of the engine, took nigger and kicker in hand, others were placed in the band saw department, and even the lath room was not forgotten, that branch of the business obtaining its full complement of fair workers, all attired in neat blouses and skirts. The concern has frequently 25,000,000 feet of lumber in stock, and the annual capacity of the mill is nearly three times that quantity. sex They are another the steam feed, CAMP SUPPLIES We are making a specialty of this class of business and quote a few lines: Japan tea, good style and cup Tp CUS ee ric. Ib. Y Hyson tea, good style and cup SU Sei eee Congou tea, good style and cup SVU Ge a Prunes, large bright fruit in cases 4%c. lb. oe Wialencia raisins... 2% ie... sae 4c. Evaporated apples (choice brights) 5%c. ‘‘ ID YStErs | 0) 3) 3%. ‘ Dried peaches................4. 5c. * WO GMISRUPNIMS soccer + oes oe 6 214 wie oc 6c. ** Choice medium beans........... 8o0c. bus. % bris fine quality rich syrup.... 2c. “ e— ——__WRITEH US FOR PRICES ———® H. P. ECKARDT & CO. WHOLESALE GROCERS TORONTO 20 FRONT ST EAST TELEPHONE 475 et sy ay Ste Gle STEAM: AND POWER- —_—————— = TORONTO. DAK TANNED BEL THE J.C.MSLAREN BELTING ce MONTREAL The Most Practical Commercial and Shorthand College in Canada. ESTABLISHED 1860 INCORPORATED 1895 ce British AMBPi6aN BuSINGSS GOl6d6 60., OF Toronto, Ltd. OOO 090 onfed eration DirRECTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS: c . ° Bi: Trout, Pres. Monetary Times Printing Life Building . E.R. C. Clarkson, F.C.A., Chartered Ac- countant and Trustee. Stapleton Caldecott, Pres. Toronto Board of Trade. Fred. Wyld, of Wyld, Grasett & Darling. Wm. McCabe, F.I.A., Managing Director, North American Life Assurance Co. D. E. Thomson, Q. C., of Thomson, Hen- derson & Bell, Barristers. S. F. McKinnon, Wholesale Milliner, DAVID HOSKINS, Secretary. COR. YONGE & RICHMOND STS. TORONTO Students may enter any date. Send for Free Prospectus. ING yDRA ULIC a MACHINES The Northey Mfg. Co. Ltd TORONTO THE LAURIE ENGINE GO. - MONTREAL SoLE AGENTS FOR PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. e THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, MoFarlané, ThOMpSON & ANCBFSON. FREDERIGTON, N. B. Patentess of the Celebrated... DUNBAR SHINGLE MACHINE Universally Admitted to be the Best Shingle Machine made Read the Following Testimonials: CAMPBELLTON, N.B, February 13th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Gentlemen,—I have been from home and : nly received yours of 8th, this morning My opinion of the Dunbar Machine is as follows: I have been using the Dunbar Shingle Machines of your manu- facture for these past ten years, and have fuund them most satisfactory machines, in regard to quality of work; quantity of shingles that can be sawn, and freedom from repairs. I have compared your machine with other makes and prefer yours to any others. All experienced shingle sawyers prefer your machine to work on, tc tho e of other makes. I have received to-day, a letter from Allston Cushing, asking my opinion as to your machine, and I shall write to him and strongly advise him to take your machine, (he writes in re Sumner Co. Mill). Yours truly, KILGOUR SHIVES. We have since sold Sumner Co. the four machines referred to above.—McF. T. & A. CAMPBELLTON, N. B., February 12th, 1896. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Dear Sirs,—I want you to ship me two more of your Dunbar Shingle Machines this spring, which will make thir.een in my mill ; have used nine of them for four years, and they have given first-class satisfaction. Three of these machines I run all the year. Have one of your large carriage machines cutting 18 inch shingles, and last July in 27 days cut 540,00 of 8 inch shirgles on it, an average of 20,000 each day, and I have cut 27,000 on one of your machines in ten hours. I find no difficulty in getting sawyers to work when they know you use Dunbar machines. A. E. ALEXANDER Yours truly, ST. JOHN, N. B, February tzth, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton, N. B. Dear Sirs,—In reply to your favor of 8th inst., I beg to say, that I have used the Dunbar Shingle Machines for the past ten years or more and they have given me every satisfaction. I use! two of them alongside of two American machines for a time, and so had an excellent opp rtunity of judging of their merits, and as they proved to be the best I took the American machines out and replaced them with the Dunbar. Yours truly, L. M. JEWETT. JACQUET RIVER, N~B., February r4th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton, N. B. Dear Sirs,—I have been using the Dunbar Shingle Machines the past four years, am well satisfied with them and believe them to be the best made. Yours truly, JNO. CULLIGAN. NEWCASTLE, N. B., 14th Feb., 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton. Gentlemen,—The Dunbar Shingle machines, purchased from you in 1886 and 1887, have been in constant use during summer months since that date. They have given perfect satisfaction and now look as strong and fit for work as when first set-up, and to all appearance will be good for another ten years. Yours truly, RICHARDS & HICKSON. FREDERICTON, N. B., Febs 13th, 189%. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton, N. B. Gentlemen,—In reply to your enquiry, we have to say that we have been using the Dunbar improved Shingle Mills, purchased from you for several years, to our entire satisfaction. We do not hesitate to recommend them to intending purchasers, as we believe they are the best Machine made _ They are easily kept in order ; we have been using two of them seven years and they seem as good as new Yours truly, SIMMONS & BURPEE. ; DRUMMOND, N. B., May 13th, 1896. McFKARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton, N. B. Gentlemen,—Yours of the 7th came to hand a few days since, and in answer would say that we consider the Dunbar Shingle Machine the best in the market. We have used: 4 or 5 different makes but find none to be as good as Dunbar’s. Yours truly, STEVENS LUMBER CO, By J. S. Stevens. CAMPBELLTON, N. B., 12th Feb., 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton, N. B. Dear Sirs,—In reply to yours of 8th inst., would say. that I have three (3) Dunbar Shingle Ma- chines running in my mill for the last four years and have found them very fine machines, and have not needed much repair. I consider them superior to any shingle machine I have ever used and can safely recommend them to any one requiring a shingle machine. Yours truly, DAVID RICHARDS, Per F.S Blair. Z RIVER CHARLO, N. B., Feb. 13th, 1896. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton. Gentlemen,—Your favor received. We have six Dunbar Shingle Machines which we have run seven years, and in that time have never had to put any r pairs on them and they are still running in good order. We pronounce them to be the best machines we have ever seen for cutting shingles. Yours truly, GRAY & LAWRENCE BROS. CO. FREDERICTON. N.B., Feb. 13th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredeicton, N. B Sirs,—The Dunbar Shingle Machine manufactured by you isa thoroughly good and satisfactory machine. In comparison with other machines it is superior in the matter of construction, as regards getting out cf repair and in even thickness of shingles made. JOHN A. MORRISON. BRIDGEWATER, NOVA SCOTIA, Feb 13th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton, N. B Dear Sirs,—We have yours of the roth inst., inquiring our opinion of the Dunbar Shingle Ma- chine. The machine, ‘ Dunbar,” we b.ught from you has been running the past five years, cutting pine and spruce shingles and during this time has not lost one-half hour by breaks, or cost ten cents for repairs. It is heavy, strong and well ,ut up, does good work, and is, we think, the best shingle machine we ha eeverseen We are running two other machines of another style and would not give the Dunbar for both the others. Yours truly, E. D. DAVISON & SONS, Limited, per C. H. Davison. ST. JOHN, N. B., Feb. 13th, 1896. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Dear Sir:,—Yours of the 8th inst. at hand. We arerunning fourteen machines, six of them are Dunbars and they have given great satisfaction, and if we were going to buy more we should take the Dunbar in p eference to any other in the market to-day. Yours truly, MILLER & WOODMAN. CAMPBELLTON, N. B., Feb. r2th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton, N. B. Dear Sirs,—Yours cf roth to hand, c ntents noted. In reply would say, after having some four- tecn years experience in handling very many different makes cf shingle machines the Dunbar crowns them all for a first-class shingle machine, and I could with every satisfaction recommend them to any person requiring a first-class machine, and to take no other. Yours truly, WM P. GRAY. ST. JOHN, N. B., Feb. 13th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton, N. B. Gentlemen,—Replying to yours 8th inst. I have had nine of your Dunbar Shingle Machines in my mill, in use for the past four years an| they have given entire satisfaction, and I have found them first-class shingle machines in every particular, so that if I were putting in any more machines I would put in the Dunbar. Yours truly, CHARLES MILLER, per McDonald. LOWER SOUTHAMPTON, Feb. 18th, 186. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON. Dear >irs,—The Dunbar Shingle Machine which I purchased from you has given perfect satis- faction. I would certainly choose it before other like machines, it being the strongest, most durable and easy running one I ever saw. I can highly recommend the friction wheels for running the edging saw, they being the cheapest and easiest set up. Respectfully yours, JUSTUS L. STAIRS. METAPEDIA, P. Q., Feb. r3ta, 1896. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Frederi-ton, N. B. Gentlemen,—We have been using the Dunbar Shingle Machine for eight years. We have had quite an experience with other shingle machines of different make. We feel to-day like saying, that we would not put in any other machine if we got ic for putting it in. Yours truly, Cc. B. CHAMPION & SON, per W. C. ST.-MOISE STATION, Feb. 21st, 1896. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton. Dear Sirs,—I have been foreman in shingle mills for the last twelve years, and used different ma- chines and would rather pay $50.00 (fifty dollars) .nore for the Dunbar Machine than any other ma- chine. We have used 2 Dunbar Mactines at Sayabec, in Messrs. Schell, Macpherson & Co.’s shingle mill, and for four years I was foreman there. I must say that we never made one cent's repair on the Dunbar Machines. NIL CAYOUETTE. CONNORS, N. B., Feb. 14th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON. Gents,—In reply to yours of Feb. roth, 7806, I beg to say that the Dunbar Shingle Machines now | 1 in operation by me, in the Robert Connor's Mill, so called, that was purchased from you, has proved very satisfactory, and I believe them to bea m dern machine in all respects. Yours sincerely, J. J. WHEELOCK MARIA PULP AND LUMBER CO., MARIA, rzth March, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON. Gentlemen,—Our company will probably want nine shingle machines. After the experience which I had w th the Dunbar bought from you, I feel disposed to recommend this machine for our new mill; as a matter of fact I did recommend it. On sucha number of machines bought at one time, could you not make a reduct on on the ordinary price for one machine? However, I must confess that your Dunbar is by far the best shingle machine on the market ; it runs so smooth, and especially it is built so strong and solid. On the one we have been using for the last four years, we have not had a single cent of repairs, although it was several times run by green h nds, last summer. ' With a good sawyer and filer, we made 22,500 shingles inten hours. We h d good wood, but it was not picked, we took thelogsastheycame. Yours respectfully, J.C. LANGELIER, Manager M.P. & L. Co. BOIESTOWN, N. B., Feb. 13th, 1896. MESSRS McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON, Fredericton. Dear Sirs,—In reply to yours of the 8th inst., beg to say that the two Dunbar Shingle Machines we purchased frcm you in 1892. have been running in our mill every summ rsince and they have given entire satisfaction. They have been run under many disadvantages to the machines, in the way of green sawyers, &c., and yet in all these years of use they have cost us little or nothing for repairs. We consider them one of the best machines in use to-day. Yours truly, RICHARDS & GUNTHER. JACQUET RIVER, N. B., Feb. 15th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON. : ; Dear Sirs,—The two Dunbar Shingle Machines I bought of you in 1893, have given entire satis- faction. I had sawyers from Mainea d St. John, N. B, working on them, each one saying that the Dunbar was the best shingle machine they ever worked on. JAMES P. DOYLE. NEWTOWN, Feb. 22nd, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON. | ‘ Gentlemen,—We have used the Dunbar >hingle Machine in our mil for two years and we can truly say, that it gives the best of satisfaction in every respect, and if properly attended will cut from fifteen to sixteen thousand shingles per day, and we can honestly recommend the Dunbar Shingle Ma- hine to any person or persons who need a first class machine. | = e Yours truly, J. H. & R. O. MACE. MARYSVILLE, YORK CO., May 6th, 1896. MESSRS. McFARLANE, THOMPSON & ANDERSON. |. ; : ; Gentlemen,—We have used two of your Dunbar Shingle Machines since 1886, and since that time have added eight more, running them since 1892. They have proved entirely satisfactory as shingle cutters, and I question if in Canada, there can be foui.d the equal of the Dunbar Shingle Machine. If making any addition to our present plant, no other machine would be considered. pa = Yours truly, ALEX. GIBSON, JR, NOVEMBER, 1896 DUTY ON CANADIAN PULP. There is friction again between the Canadian manufacturers of wood pulp who want to sell in the United States and the Federal custom authorities, over the valua- tion of pulp for the purpose of assessing duty. Strange to say, the usual basis of such valuation—the market price in the exporting country—does not serve the purpose in this case, as there is really no market price for pulp in Canada, excepting such as is fixed by the demand from the United States. Some time ago there was a great range of valuation at ports of im- port, the extreme being as low as $6 and as high as $18 perton. At length it was decided, in a conference between the Federal customs officers and the Canadian manufacturers that $12 per ton should be adopted as the valuation at all ports of entry. But this figure has become unsatis- factory, especially to the managers of the big pulp mills at Sault Ste. Marie, and an effort is being made to have it reduced to $1oaton. Ifthe entire output of the Soo mills, when the new pulp mill is in opera- tion, were to be sold in the United States, the difference in duty between tbe valua- tions of $10 and $12 a ton, would be some- thing like $40 a day, or $12,000 a year, a sum that is well worth fighting for. The matter is now under consideration by the THE CANADA LUMBERMAN SS Electrical SUDDIIGS me TELEPHONE TELEGRAPH ELECTRIC LIGHT | © ve UOHN Starr, tearaleate N on & (' 0. (LIMITED) venelaOc SVU NODE DT aie THE ———— COMBINED ELEMENTS SAFETY And LOWEST COST Are best secured by taking out an Unconditional Accumula- tive Policy in the Confederation Life Association. They are absolutely free from restrictions as to residence, travel or occupation, the only condition being that the premium shall be paid. Extended Insurance—After two full annual. premiums have been paid, extended insurance is provided (without application) for the full face value of the policy. Paid-Up Policies — Paid-Up Policies are granted, on application, after two years, for an amount guaranteed in the policy. Cash Values—After five years a cash value will be given for such proportion of the Government reserve as is stated in Mnfrs. and Dealers in ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES Box 448 HALIFAX, N.S. Canadian manufacturers and the United States customs officers.—The Paper Mill. the policy. Rates and full information will be sent on application to the Head Office, Toronto, or to any of the agents of the Association. CONFEDERATION LIFE ASSOCIATION Head Office: TORONTO GOR Ora ia tOiaiel {aod cece WEST & PRACHEY eee DSrMIeOor, ONT: MANUFACTURERS OF oo ot oe oe oe oe 6 eee eS 252525252525 e2525 ALLIGATOR wierm TUGS Se ee See eee ee eee er Sr ee STEAM ROAD MAKER ENGINES AND BOILERS FOR STEAM YACHTS «=~ SAW Mill Machinery -- — NEW PORTABLE SAW MILLS Traction and Plain Engines of different sizes Threshers, Clover Hullers, Horse Powers and Road- Making Machinery. RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS EW AND SECOND-HAND STEEL AND iron rails for tramways and logging lines, from 12 lbs. per yard and upwards; estimates given for complete outfit. ty SEND TO VE Aire) NEW82"°.AMACHINERY TORONTO, CANADA. JOHN J. GARTSHORE, 49 Front St. West, Toronto. \S AY ai STs =u =* arom SAWIERX MASSEY GIL - HAMID, ATER, AK SEND FOR CATALOGUE 4o THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 1896 JOHN SCULLY & CO. ESTABLISHED 1878. TORONTO Contractors’ Plant and Lumber- men’s Supplies TIMBER LIMITS BOUGHT AND SOLD Locomotives and Rails for Lumbermen and Contractors a Specialty. SCRAPERS, PLOWS, CARTS, Etc. ze oh = ia MPBEL iG THE “SHANTY QUEEN” AXE e« GAMPBELL BROS. »° Send for sample lot + Manufacturers and try this axe in St. John, N. B. frosty weather. . . WRITE FOR PRICES J.D. SHIBR MANUFACTURER OF Lumber, Lath « Shingles BRAGCEBRIDGE, ONT. == SS Ga SE SESE EEESEER) ! my i H : i pS ige S252 S052 5252505 R 5508) Are you thinking of moving to better your condition ? If so, come to Michi- gan, where you can get comfortable living, good markets, good neighborhood, reason- able transportation for your products. A PROSPEROUS STATE! The Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Go. have good lands for sale, prices ranging from SEVEN TO FIFTEEN DOLLARS per acre, according to location and timber ; easy terms. You make no mistake locating in ‘this territory. eee Se See ee SeoeSeoesc—g] ADDRESS: y A. Patriarche, Traiiic Manager i Saginaw, Mich. Your Stomach Distresses You after eating a hearty meal, and the result is a chronic case of Indiges- tion, Sour Stomach, Heartburn, Dyspepsia, or a bilious attack. RIPANS TABULES ees Price, 50 Cents 2 box. At ye art or by mail. RIPANS CHEMICAL CO 10 SPEucE ST., New YoreE. ‘Are You LooKine FOR A CHANCE IN LOCATION? If you are not satisfied with your present site, or if you are not doing quite as well as you would like to, why not consider the advantages of a location on the Illinois Central R. R. or the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley R. R.? These roads run through South Dakota, Min- nesota, lowa, Wisconsin, Illincis, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana, and possess FINE SITES FOR NEW MILLS BEST OF FREIGHT FACILITIES CLOSE PROXIMITY TO COAL FIELDSAND DISTRIBUTING CENTERS AND INTELLIGENT HELP OF ALL KINDS MANY KINDS OF RAW MATERIAL For full information write to the undersigned for a copy of the pamphlet entitled too cities WANTING INDUSTRIES This will give you the population, city and county debt, death rate, assessed valuation of property, tax rate, annual shipments raw materials, industries de- sired, etc. To sound industries, which will bear investigation, substantial inducements will be given by many of the places on the lines of the Illinois Central R. R., which is the only road ur der one management running through from the North-Western States to the Gulf of Mexico. GEO. C. POWER, Industrial Commissioner LC.R.R. Co., 506 Central Station, Chicago. BEST MAIN DRIVE. GUARANTEED. Sole Canadian Agents Ho Prices Reduced. WATEROUS, BRANTFORD, CANADA. sebiniehned in A LUMBERHEN’S VETERINARY MEDICINES J, C, & W. R. MCMURTRY Veterinary - SUPdeONS ARNPRIOR Manufacture the Cheapest and Most Reliable lines of Veterinary Medicines. OUR COLIC DRENCH is a valuable acquisition to any lumberman’s camp. Asafe, sure and speedy remedy, giving permanent relief to COLIC ane all other inflammatory diseases in horses, almost instantly. Send for Descriptive Circular and Testimonials from many of the leading lumber firms of Canada. P. PAYETTE & CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Saw Mill and Shingle Mill gy ~~ Tt +7) Pel ee Machinery... 2 BE Boilers and Boiler Fittings Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers Brass and Iron Castings Cant-Hook Handles, etc. Write for Terms and Prices. -:- -:- \ - | - = PENETANGUISHENE, ONT. Work OF EVERY DESCRIPTION Woodworking Machines ~.. Send for Price Lists. PETER HAY - - - - - Galt, Ont. _ THE DAKE STEAM FEED STEAM 7 FOR EMBODIES THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES : Simplicity of Construction, Positive and Easy Management, Economical Use of Steam, Small Space Occupied, Cheapness, Easy Adaptation to either New Mills or those now in use. The movement of the engine in either direction is under the absolute control of the sawyer, thus accommodating the speed of the feed to the size of the logs. Mill men who have used other makes of Steam Feeds, comment favorably on the economical use of steam of our feed over others. THE PHELPS HACHINE GO. 3 EASTMAN, OU It Pays Canada Lumberman PULLEYS WOOD SPLIT PULLEY FOR SAW AND SAINGLE MILLS for Saw and Shingle Mills. DODGE WOOD-SPLIT PULLEY CO. Millmen, when Overhauling or Extending, write us for Prices. We can save you money and give you good satisfaction. Office : 74 York St. TORONTO 6d NOVEMBER, 1896 JONES’ PERFECT SWAGING MACHINE, i THERE has recently been placed upon the Canadian market an improved machine for swaging band-saws, known as the Jones’ Perfect Swaging Machine, illus- trations of which are shown on this page. It is constructed on entirely new lines, adapting the hand swage exactly as it is to be worked by power. The swage and exact mode of operation are the same as if worked by hand, but with the accuracy and precision of a machine making every tooth alike. As a combined machine an emery wheel side dresser follows the swage, making each tooth exactly the counterpart of each other. The following points of _ merit are claimed for the machine: To automatically swage and side-dress from 20 to 60 teeth per minute; by simply adjusting the saw in this machine and shifting the belt, it will itself, without further aid, swage a band saw in 8 to 12 minutes ; it automatical- ly adjusts each tooth, swages and side-dresses it accur- ately ; it has an oscillating movement of % inch, enabling it toovercome any irregularity in space between teeth, and also plays up or down to accomodate either a high or low tooth; short teeth are not missed, as are likely to be. jn hand swaging, which necessitates extra time to fit the swage ; each tooth is swaged and dressed perfectly even, (insuring uniform lumber) which by hand requires time, special care and skill ; long or uneven teeth are equally brought into line, and under no circumstances will thi machine break, bend or crush a tooth. ‘It is further claimed that by swaging and dressing the saw automatically, it cuts the lumber evenly, and that the life of a saw is greatly lengthened by its use. By being enabled to keep the saws well and evenly matched, a Jones’ COMBINED SwaGING MACHINE, SIDE DRESSER AND JOINTER. larger and better output can be accomplished. The machine is 36 inches long, 18 inches wide, 40 inches high and weighs 330 lbs. The Canadian patent was taken out on the 1st of April, 1896, the manufacturers being the -Waterous Engine Works Company, of Brantford, Ont., who will be pleased to supply any further information desired. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 41 ADJUSTING TOLLS. In the year 1892 the Big East river in Muskoka was improved by a company known as the Big East River Improvement Company. It is now claimed by certain lumbermen using the improve- ments that the tolls charged are excessive, and the matter was recently brought before the atten- tion of the Commissioner of Crown Lands. Dr. JONES’ PERFECT SINGLE SWAGING MACHINE. Kennedy, law clerk, and Mr. Taylor, the account- ant of the Timber Branch, were appointed as ref- erees. The complainants were the Whaley Lumber Company, of Huntsville, and the Bren- nan Lumber Co., of Hamilton, while the Improve- ment Company were represented by Heath & Turnbull, of Huntsville. Among other interested persons present were Wm. Martin, John Mc- Geary, Hugh Trainor, Philip Hinds and Harry Heath, all of Huntsville ; James Campbell and Wm. Webster, of Bracebridge ; Wn. Marshall, of Bethune, and James Johnston, of Sinclair. The first-named parties claimed that the tolls charged were in fair proportion to the alleged cost of the improvements, but asserted that the alleged cost was much greater than the actual. An examination of the books of the East River ' Improvement Company will be made, after which the referees will arbitrate in the matter. : STRENGTH OF BELTING. THERE is no more friction between a wide belt and a pulley than between a narrow belt and the same pulley, other things being equal, says a writer to an engineering paper. A wide belt will pull more than a narrow belt when, and only when, it is stretched tighter. For instance, take an en- . of cross-section’ gine properly designed to run a belt 12 inches wide ; if it were possible to make from some new material a belt one inch wide that would be as strong as the 12-inch belt, the engine would fur- nish just as much power to the line shaft as if the 12-inch belt were used. When we once realize that the driving power of a belt is in its strength rather than in its width, it is easy to see why a round belt will often pull more than a flat one. For instance, a common size of belt on feed pul- leys is 1 inch wide, and if %-inch thick, which is about the average of 1 inch wide belt, the ‘‘ area is evidently 1% of 1 square inch, or in decimals *125, whereas the area of a round belt 1% inch diameter is *196, or a little more than 114 times as much as the 1 inch wide belt, and will pull a little more than 1% times as much without stretching. Do you think of adding to the equipment of your mill this winter so as to be in the best possible shape for business next spring? Then you should see what our advertisement pages offer in the way of machinery and supplies. You will oblige the advertiser and the publisher if in your corres- pondence you mention THE LUMBERMAN. ee Lie MANUFACTURER CIs \LUMBERING fy SK\DDING TONGS CANT HOOK Vi . CANT HOOK cA CANT HOOK CLASP SOCKET ry: _PEMBROKE, ONT. Ortrawa Ene Co BELL’S No. 2 SAW MILL which is at the sawyer’s hand. Saws, Saw Benches. ADDRESS ROBT. BELL, ur... The accompanying cut shows our No. 2 mill with wood frame and feed works in the frame. We build this mill with either wood or iron frames as desired. of head blocks, either ratchet or friction set works. great convenience to the sawyer, and a newly designed roller guage to set up to. these carriages is uniform in thickness and can be made any desired thickness by adjusting roller, The carriage has any desired number We also put on an elevated scale, which is a Lumber cut on We also build a No. 0 mill for light portable work, and a No. 1 mill, which is a good general mill for either portable or stationary use. Also Edgers, Slab Slashers, Cut- off Saws, Log Haul-ups, Friction Niggers, Lath Trimmers, Lumber Trimmers, Bolting Send for Prices and Description. Hensall Engine & Machine Works, HENSALL, ONTARIO, CAN. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 1896 DUNBAR’S CLAPBOARD MACHINE. WE illustrate on this page a new and original machine for sawing clapboards, invented and manufactured by Alex. Dunbar & Sons, of Woodstock, New Brunswick. The makers claim that this machine is entirely different from any other made for the same purpose, and as such was awarded a diploma at the St. John Exhibition. In this machine the block to be sawn is placed vertically on revolution of the saw-carriage. The saw and sapping head is placed on the same arbor, which is attached to a cast iron carriage with adjustable boxes, which can be moved when in motion so as to bring it in perfect align- ment with the cutter. The carriage is held in place and guided perfectly parallel by two heavy cast iron guide bars, which are perfectly planed and made adjustable. The carriage is driven up and down by a new device made to cut on the outer edge of block, allowing of the greatest daimeter being left for boards. Amongst the principal advantages claimed for this machine are that it will cut into clapboards lumber that cannot be profitably manufactured in any other way, such as very large hollow-hearted pine of any style or shape, leaving only a centre of one-and-three-quarter inches diameter, and the bottom center can be raised so as to cut all short ends up to 24 inches long. It will be under- stood that the block being on end when being sawn, is very easily revolved and accurately set to give boards of exact thickness. This is one of the principal advant- ages, as it allows of very thin saws being used. This machine is guaranteed to take from 15 to 20 per cent. more out of the same lumber and from 3o to 40 per cent. in the same time than the old style of machine. It will take in lumber up to five feet in diameter and four feet three inches long. Its capacity is from five to seven thousand per day, depending greatly on the quality of lumber. , This machine is not exactly new, as three of them were made four years ago, which have been in constant opera- tion since, but owing to the builders having had their foundry and patterns burned in 1892 they have been unable to manufacture them. Messrs. Dunbar also build a new design of clapboard planer, a large number of which have been sold to United States parties. They are also the inventors and patentees of the celebrated Dunbar shingle machine, of which there have been hundreds sold in Canada and the United States. DuNBAR'S CLAPBOARD MACHINE. centers in a frame which can be conveniently moved to or from the saw when in motion, and is perfectly under con- The block is revolved and held securely in place when being sawn by a spur roll placed on its top end, and which is automatically turned by each trol of the operator. ] a MANUFACTURERS OF THE FAMOUS GARSS. MACKINAW In Jackets, Pants and Shirts WOOL SOCKS and MITTS VAN GOODS Specially for the Lumber Trade. Write for Prices and Samples. W. Carss & Co. ORILLIA, ONT. A Zz a = oF E [2 a= block or arbour. which gives it a uniform speed when in cut, and avoids all jar at the ends of the stroke. new design, being made of brass, with five steel knives which will make a cul four inches deep without jar of These knives are placed so as to be They also build rotary saw mills with capacities of from ten to forty-five thousand feet per day, and steam engines and mill work of all kinds. Cuts and descriptions of elap- board planers, etc., will appear in following issues of this journal. ———S——eee——— ees The sapping head is of The Sault St. Marie Pulp and Paper Co. shipped a con- signment of sixty-two cars of pulp recently. This is the largest shipment made by the mill at one time up to date. WORTHY OF INVESTIGATION We would be glad to open correspondence with pulp, or paper manufacturers, with the view of establishing a pulp industry in connection with our saw mill We have a fine water power, surrounded by t mbered lands, chiefly hardwood, with pretty extensive tracts of second growth white birch, balsam, poplar, etc. We would also be glad to negotiate with a respon-ible person who has had experience in the manufacture of small articles of woodenware, to place a plant here Our mill produces large quantities of cuttings, that now go up in smoke, which might be utilized to advantage. Power would be furnished at a ve y low rate. SAUBLE FALLS LUMBER CO., Sauble Falls, Bruce Co., Ont. MORTGAGE SALE OF VALUABLE STOCK OF LUMBER Tenders will be received by the undersigned for the purchase of about 1,613,194 feet White Pine Lumber, and about 116,320 feet Red Pine Lumber, and 664,500 pieces Lath, at the Biscotasing mills, on the Canadian Pacific Railway, District cf Algoma. This lumber is the cut of 1895, is well put up and in good shipping order ; 75 per cent. is 16-ft. lumber, and is all cut good and plump, suitable for the American market, and guaranteed first-class. Offers will be received for the same in lots of 1,000 feet and over. Apply for particulars to JOHN McDONALD, or to G. H. HOPKINS, Vendor’s Solicitor, Lindsay, Ont. A. MSCPHBRSON Manufacturer of SHANKS #ND CHISEL BITS For Inserted Tooth Saws. Warianted equal to any on the market. Also Manufacturer of Locomotives and Trucks for the Pole System of Tramways for handling log's and lumber in the woods. Correspondence Solicited. AA. MGPHEPSON - OXFORD, NOVA SCOTIA Mention the CANADA LUMBERMAN when corresponding with advertisers. ederal | ite Assurance Company b Head Office: - HAMILTON, CANADA Accumulation Policies Compound Investment Policies Guaranteed Security Policies and other Liberal Contracts % DAVID DEXTER, Managing Director. JAS. H. BEATTY; President. ~~? = - Novemper, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN i THE PARMENTER LEGAL DECISIONS. CockBuRN & Sons vs. IMPERIAL LuM- BER COoMPANY.— This was an action brought by Cockburn & Sons, of Sturgeon Falls, against the Imperial Lumber Com- pany, claiming damages for the detention of their logs. Messrs. Cockburn & Sons furnish us with the following particulars re- garding the suit: Both parties to the dispute have for some years been putting their logs in Deer Creek, the Imperial Lumber Com- pany driving their logs down after those of Cockburn & Sons to a pond ‘which they formed on the creek. At this point they have a loading engine, and their logs are drawn out of the creek and taken by rail to the mill. The logs driven down by defendants during the summer of 1895 were left in the creek all winter. Conse- quently when the plaintiffs started to drive their logs in the spring of 1896, the pond The Cheapest and the creek for some distance were filled with logs, rendering it impossible for And Best plaintiffs to carry on their operations ~ successfully. It was further claimed by ; i plaintiffs that they were compelled to work | Cuatuam, ONT., June xgth, 1896. on the defendant's logs in order to make L® JAS. S. PARMENTER, Flushing, N. Y F t 3 < S.S. A , Flushing, N. Y. room for dumping, which resulted in Dear Sir: We take very great pleasure in being LIK TRO le aoa For Drying LUMBER Staves, Heading, Shingles, &c. ~ The Latest largely increasing the cost of their season's able to say from nearly one year’s use of your Patent driving. On June 1st it was endeavored to reach a settlement, but without avail, Dry Kiln, we find it away ahead of anything we ever yet tried for thoroughly drying lumber without injuring it in the least. So far we have found exhaust steam Pe aie cote arkite re ee CENTRE OR SIDE CRANK. alone ay ea eee our purpose, so that it absolutely in, s arbitrator, gave his costs us nothing t it. We th hl i decision in favor of Cockburn & Sons, SIZES UP TO 700 H. P. oe rock ei, balm and other hardwood Gate. ges 4 e a we ever did wit S i peg them the sum of $1,376 and full find i a splendid kin for drying white cae oe : . ; . 4 S its work so naturally that neither hubs nor lumber are injured by it, — Stationary and Portable Boilers, Rotary Saw Mills, | st Cuacuam MEG. co., Liv. The LUMBERMAN is issued fifty- : : D R Van ALLen, President two times a year for $1.00. Can you Shingles and Lath Machines, Edgers, de ; afford to do without it? Mill Supplies, Etc To Capitalists Advertiser, man of large experience and extensive connections in Canada and the United States, desires to correspond with party of means with view to engag- ing in the lumber business in aneconomical way. Only small amount of capital required ; profits from 8 to 20%. ~*~ J.S. PARMENTER Address, “‘ X,” care of CanaDA LumsBerman, Confed- centenet NEERING GO), 0. - AMHERST, 4.8. me n,n = The A. R. WILLIAMS MACHINERY CO., Ltd. HAVE FOR SALE THE FOLLOWING : (5° vo Large OUTFIT of Saw Mill, Shingle Mill, consisting of one Three Head Block Saw Mill, two Large Engines, one 65 h.p. Boiler, Shingle Machine, Jointer and Packer; and Chopping Mill with Three Acres of Land, Wet and Dry Yard, with lots of Timber near. PLANING MILL OUTFIT, consisting of Engine and Boiler, Planer, Matcher and Moulder Combined, with a Full Set of Sash and Door Machinery, Shafting, Pulleys, Belting, Etc., in good town. _ camel ~ v SS — : = SS “ ECLIPSE” PLANER, MATCHER AND MOULDER.—DOES GREAT VARIETY AND FINEST WORK. Sole Canadian Agents for the Genuine Sturtevant Fans and Heaters for Dry Kilns, Shaving Fans, Blowers; S. J. Shimer, Sons & Co.’s Celebrated Shimer Matcher Heads, Door and Sash Heads; E. Harrington, Sons & Co.’s well-known Chain Hoists and Overhead Tramway. We have a Large Assortment of Planer and Sticker Knives for Immediate Shipment. The A. R. Williams Machinery Co. Ltd., Front st. west (oitt®5r.) Toronto THE CANADA LUMBERMAN NOVEMBER, 1896 ALEX. DUNBAR & SONS I Te Te I ee ee Te Te Te ae ae ae ? Woodstock, N. B. ee ee ee ee ee eee ee oe MANUFACTURERS OF Saw-Mill Machinery wa Including Rotary Saw Mills (3 sizes), Clap- 4 44 4 ‘ ; | u board Sawing Machines, Clapboard Planing and Finishing Machinery, Shingle Machines, Steam Engines, Etc. WRITE} FOR FURTHER PARTICULARS DUNBAR’S CLAPBOARD MACHINE. ALEX. DUNBAR & SONS Woodstock, N. B. The XXX: Saw Gummer and Sharpener CRVVVVAATGE ... : «Has No Rival A MAMET, GAPRGIY OR CUALITY O WORK - OR FOR..% ; SIMPLICITY, DURABILITY, CHEAPNESS Will take saws from 6 inches to 5 feet diameter; sets the saw forward one tooth at a time automatically ; sharpens any saw (rip or cross-cut) perfectly, giving the teeth any desired pitch or bevel, and making all the teeth exactly alike. Will sharpen 20 teeth in an ordinary saw mill in one minute, or 100 teeth in a shingle saw in four or five minutes. The cut shows outline of mill saw 54-inch diameter. PEMBROKE, ONT., Jan’y 28th, 1896. Mr. F. J. DRAKE, Kingston : Dear Sir,—Re the conversation you had with our manager, I am instructed to in- form you that the machine we purchased from you early last spring has proved to be a very useful piece of machinery. Our Mr. McCool, who uses it, is greatly pleased with it, and recommends it to any person who may require a Saw Filer. Wishing you much success with your Filer, we remain, Yours truly, (Signed) THE PEMBROKE LUMBER CO. Per W. H. Bromley. | —— = Zi Send for Catalogue Manufactured only byu.... (janadian Locomotive & Engine 60. KINGSTON, ONT. | | THE CANADA LUMBERMAN WA Lumber Machinery The Most Modern S Oan an eR a Right Hand—Front View. ‘¢NEW ALLIS”? Itisurpasses all others in many points. NOL C0, Rear View ‘“NEW ALLIS’’ rare Upper Mandrel. Ss Wheel Centrally Hung. ‘ NOTE..... Lower Wheel Inside Frame. 8 NEW ALLIS BANDS Sold in Canada since Jan., 1894. Unbreakable Steel Girder Carriage. Where It Is Manufactured ESTABLISHED 1844 1874 NEW WORKS OCCUPIED 1896 Best Quality of Work Low Prices. .... Waterous, Brantford, Canada : Gelert, CUA ee No. 550 soe (i, MANUAL = |X, a | One of our Cheap Detachable Chains for Sawdust, Refuse, Ete. LABOR Tae om ted NC FOTTL ~ On 600-1050-1075. ih Over 50 Sizes and Styles of Chains, varying from 75 to 20,000 lbs Strain. Special Attachment Links for all purposes. Hl SS . Breaking A Most Satisfactory and Durable Chain for Log Haul-Up, Heavy Refuse Conveyors, etc. \ BN Combined Gang Edger and Flooring Machine. ' NOVEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN THE JAMES ROBERTSON G0. 11 tae reis ES Raeeerarere Saws of all Description ::2:2A full line of Mill :: Supplies, including Rubber and Leather Belting, Babbit Metal, &c., always carried in stock, OF A Le Kl N DS. om o Chains, Ropes, Axes, Files, Head Office Factodoaut Bar Iron, Horse Shoes, 144 William St. St. Montreal, Biieecito “MONTREAL w St. John, NB. Peavy Coe Dogs. & Bd “au ounsans eb ad Gi) = LEWIS & SON FULLY WARRANTED: AND MILL SAWS A LIMITED Orders promptly attended to. Satisfaction guaranteed. * SPECIALTY Correspondence Solicited . The McMillan & Hraynes Co., Ltd. wstet ST. CATHARINES, ONT. #2 We lead all others in High-Grade Crosscuts and Saw Tools. A cheap, thick, clumsy saw is dear at any price. The price of a good saw is soon saved in the extra work it will do. Be sure you use Mc- Cor. King and Victoria Sts. - This SAW SET is ane BEST EVER MADE. sa sag LFBNTED NCIS GSI SIV We also manufacture Axes, Files, Saw Jointers, Cant Hooks, Steel and Brass Bed- steads,, We have a cheap bed with wire ad It is Simple and Strong, and is guaranteed to do its work perfectly. MILLAN & HAYNES SAWS; they are all watranted to give entire satisfaction. OFFICE. SCHOOL. pga a URE [J se THE FAMOUS .. WOOe STEEL Wie SOLD UNDER GUARANTEE, CHEAP AS WOOD ‘sii FOR CATALOCUE. L ROOFING CO THE anal METAL eww Der PINK LUMBERING TOOLS Buck Bill Peavies, Round Bill Peavies, Finest Duck Bill Winter Cant Hooks Every Lumberman wants it TORONTO mattrass attached “suit- able for shanties. We handle thes Famous KELLY #2#% AMERICAN AXES. Their Flint Edge is guaranteed to stand in cold, frosty weather, better than any other axe made. Soribner’s Lumber =» LO BOOK SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, PRACTICAL INFORMATION ay vil Cant Hook Handles | Peavy Handles Pike Poles, Skidding teats SAVES MONEY Address : THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto By Car Load or Dozen | Boom Chains Lowest Prices © THOMAS PINK © _ PEMBROKE. ONT. qURERS OF Manuract gCRIPTIONS OF ALP Circular, Mill on ciel putting Concave. eet Crosscul Billet Webs. Noor Sx Caserta WRITE FOR QUOTATI Raigh, Soph C8 Tormae OTTAWA SAW WORKS Co. OT TAWA,ONT- ONS. i DEED BP AD OO NE LUMBERMAN Are you getting Low Prices for your Lumber because it is Checked, Warped or Discolored from Defective Drying r == EMERSON =? 17 COSTS YOU NOTHING ae 2S a NTHP unless our Unequalled Guarantee as to Quality ve =: Ps and Quantity is fulfilled to the letter. IT COSTS YOU NOTHING | 0 SION Ny. for our Illustrated Catalogue 3 “‘C,” describing y | our process and containing testimonials. ( Is AIR SYST EM IT COSTS YOU NOTHING pairs. to learn how to Dry Oak, Poplar, Ash, Maple, a ; ) RYI NC WILL CHANGE 5 Beech, Cypress, Pine, Spruce, Hemlock, or any Fy ALL THAT $ | other kind of wood, hard or soft. THE EMBRSON GOMPANY 209 Fidelity Building - BD Se WLP US. 2s l ile Gia Turbine... The Rovat_Evectric GomPANy | Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ ‘ | rR “i ertical and Horizontal . w Built in 44 Sizes ba Or omnes conwasconse Hlectri¢al Machinery“. Apparatus No expensive flume Sate Highest percentage of power guaran- LIGHT and POWER anteed at full and partial gate opening. ——— Machine Dr ac : Shatti SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO b © _ Machine Dressed Gearing, Shafting, E Pe pula, Hongers. Bite, LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY : FOR LIGHT AND POW BR _ WRITE FOR CATALOGUES AND GEAR LISTS - ALSO FOR C. WILSON & CO. ELECTRIC PLANTS FOR MILLS Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. e fee —_ GLENORA, ONT. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. ie # SHURLY & DIETRICH seve Cee ae ie _ THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES SOLE POPRETER Of i SRE CHEMIE. maces 11 TER & Our Silver Steel Saws are Uneaualled a % 4 , iid =i Bary Rtn rs LK act . ; y ro eK SK SK SKS SIO rae RUBBER BELTING? RUBBER HOSE? ce RUBBER PACKING? REQUIRE | RUBBER VALVES axp- GASKETS, RGgber’coops for Mechanical Purposes ? \ IF SO, BUY ONLY THOSE MADE BY THE Canadian Rubber Company — of MON TREAT as they are the Best Goods ig > ce Ontario Branch: Cor. Front and Yonge Sts., TORONTO J. H. WALKER, Manager. | ARCE (IRCULARS, © (near cue a gpl Be SMALL SAWS saw isa experience Require Less Power, Cut Better Lumber, and always remain the same size. High Price no longer an objection. rea ate WE HAVE HUNDREDS OF RUNNING IN ALL PARTS OFC ' its . £che - ve * SEND FOR DESCRIPTIVE PAMPHLET AND PRIceE LIsT. E.R. BURNS SA | TORONTO = ‘ Plage. = ee S- ‘rae Re I ) t] 1 roll It T (h mn Ha mM) willis VotumME XVII. UMBER 12. TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER, 1896 ACT EI er op Penne \ Single Copies, ro Cents. Macnouis Metac DRY KILNS 4x0 HEATERS In Use by Eight Leading Governments. mM BEST ANTI-FRICTION METAL | “ig For All Machinery Bearings MAGNOLIA METAL Go. “iA HOT BLAST SYSTEM for large buildings. OWNERS AND SOLE MANUFACTURERS BLOWERS meeee 74 Cortland Street, NEW YORK eee FTe Chicago Office : Montreal Office : ; Wheat TRADERS BUILDING. Messrs. C averhill, Learmont & Co.. A 6 ents For Catalogue of the Sante articles write the Condon Offee: Mo ap QueEN victoria smazer, xoxpox,x.c. | MGHachren Heating & ‘Ventlatng to - Galt, Ont. “MORSE” VALVE MACHINE "The Morse” is the only machine in the market that as will reface Steam Valves in position. 3,000 MACHINES IN USE. Valve Reseating Outfit. DARLING BROTHERS LE MANUFACTURERS . «Reliance Works,”? - MONTREAL. John Bertram & Sons. CANADA TOOL WORKS ees - ONTARIO. Any one desiring a good Second- Hand Tool, should write us for prices. Have several we will dispose of at a bargain. | CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. Why it is the Hy TAA Automatic World Renowned }{ ) ENBERT \| / INJECTOR FIRST—sTEADY IMPROVEMENT. Each year since 1887, when the ‘‘ Pen- berthy” was first placed on the market, has seen some positive advance in its. working qualities until now it stands unrivalled with an.... Efficiency of 99% per cent. Shown by Actual Test. YOU SHOULD HAVE ONE ENBERTHY INJECTOR GO,“ wisosos’ ovr 226 Abbott St., DETROIT, MICH. | c. C, CLEVELAND G. F. CLEVELAND J. L. Goodhue & 60. MANUFACTURERS OF [FATHER BELTING :: ann LACE LEATHER Danwille, Que. All Grades of CROSS-CUT SAWS fat Lowest Prices . SOLESMANUFACTURERS OF. The “ Burns” Patent Handle — PATENTED JUNE 26th, 1893 Positively the Strongest Handle Made. Ask your Hardware Merchant for our Goods, © -:- Special Quotations on Large Quantities. THE CANADA LUMBERIMAS DECEMBER, 1896 No. | IRON FRAME OSCILLATING GANG SAW SASHES OF ALL WIDTHS Souci. HIGH GRADE Ta SAW-MILL “= MACHINERY ae Prescott Band Mills Perkins Shingle Mill Machinery Covel’s Tools for the care of Saws Engines, Boilers, Ete. CATALOGUES ON APPLICATION ——— WE are prepared to furnish plans, specifications, and build mills complete of any capacity, or to oe eS Cs remodel old mills. Dh hn Wie = : Us AA eg, 1 Write for prices, informing us what | — eee i a ° I | mI \ ye om \ your requirements Pic h iN een i nt i we eal Ai fel pel UL The Wm. Hamilton Mfg. Co., Ltd. Branch Office : VANCOUVER, B. C. _ PETERBOROUGH, ONT. TH CANADA LUMBERMAN VotumE XVII. NuMBER 12. TORONTO, ONT., DECEMBER, 1896 J Terms,$1.00 PER YEAR \ Single Copies, 10 Cents. THE TAYLOR MILL COMPANY. THE mill of the above company, which is here- with illustrated, is situated on Government street, in the city of Victoria, B. C., its location being such that it commands a large share of the building trade of the city. The output is largely comprised of finishing stock for offices, stores, bank buildings, etc. The saw mill consists of a two-story building, fully equipped with the most modern machinery. The planing mill turns out all descriptions of lumber and wood-work generally used. The logs are taken from the harbour on one side of the mill, and delivered to the purchasers from Government street on the other side. The firm also manufacture sashes, doors and blinds, and carry continually a large stock of glass. The logs are generally obtained by pur- chase, thereby saving their timber limits for future re- quirements. From forty to sixty hands are generally = = employed in and about this re establishment, and it can be safely called one of the leading industrial features of the city of Victoria. THE VALUE OF FORESTS. An address was recently delivered at Baie des Peres, Temiscamingue, Quebec, by the Hon. G. A. Nantel, Commissioner of Crown Lands for that province, dealing with the relations between settlers and luim- bermen. After referring to the natural resources of the country the speaker concluded as follows :— ‘The proprietor of forest concessions should not be surprised or interfered with in the enjoy- ment of his rights. He should be given full time to withdraw from the domain he leases from the State, and for which he gives it the greater por- tion of the revenue he takes from it. I should here say also what I hear everywhere, that the colonist should not pose as the enemy of the explorer of the forest. I wish to preach here, as I shall preach everywhere, the iecessity of thorough harmony with a friendly understanding between the colonist and the forest explorers, I have not always been able to regard the conduct of these explorers as being faultless. I have had occasion to denounce their squandering and the extravagances committed by them, at the expense of the Department of Crown Lands, and if the colonists have caused great destruction of forest by fires for clearing purposes, it must be taken in good part and remembered that at one time the owners of limits pillaged and ruined the property of the department in a manner which cannot be too severely condemned. But times are changed. The owners of limits have come to understand that our forest resources, which made their millions, are not inexhaustible, that they are growing deplorably less from year to year, and that they will disappear altogether unless they introduce into their operations a system characterized by method, reserve and moderation, one that will resemble the system of cutting which prevails in France, Austria, Ger- many, and in all other well regulated countries. If the lumbermen fail to plant young shoots, if they take no measure to renew the wood on the land, they at least take care of the young growth that is springing up, which they will be able to cut in twenty years, thus following a system of rotation which tends more and more to become, I hope, the base of all their operations. The Tue TayLor MILL, VicToriA, B. C. reports in my possession show that enormous progress has been made in this particular. I The depart- ment over which I preside cannot too strongly congratulate them upon the fact. urge them to continue on in this excellent way. Besides, I may say, en passant, that I intend to devote myself to the reorganization of our De- partment of Forests that this may be promoted, and to assist with all our power every effort that may be put forth by the owners of limits to keep the annual return of woods and forests at least up to the present standard. ing spectacle to see spaces, which I may call infinite, devastated by fire? —huge tracks of public property which were Is it not a distress- formerly covered by immense forests, composed of every species of timber, representing millions, lost to commerce and to private enterprise as well as to the treasury of the province? These burnt districts are covered with a second growth of inferior wood, amongst which, however, are met many young pines. Could not superb pine trees be thus restored without.serious cost to either the public treasury or to the owners of limits? This is another of those subjects which I can only touch upon to-day, but which I shall study thoroughly, consulting experts who will give care and attention to a subject so vitally import- ant to our forest resources. I appear to have wandered from my subject ; it is no harm, how- ever, for it is important to convince you of the imperative necessity of preserving the forest and keeping the field clear for the lumber manufac- turer. For it is with them the colonist disposes of his farm products and it will continue to be so for a long time yet, if not forever. You are here, 300 miles from the Ottawa market, and yet you get better prices for your produce than the farmers who live alongside of the Capital ; better even than the farmers around Montreal. To what do you owe it? To the cultivator of the forest. You sell your hay at from $20 to $30 per ton, which is twice and three times as much as can be got for it in the older parishes; you are paid from sixty to seventy cents per bushel for your oats, a third more than we usually pay in Ottawa or Montreal, and all that is taken from you at your homes, at your barn doors. Is that not the principal source of your prosperity, and am I not justified in placing it before the fertility of your lands and the facility of clearing them? Do away with the Sat BHO 70-ENG.Bt great lumbering industry which is carried on here by the most successful men in Canada, the great lumber merchants, and | ask you what would you do with your abundant crops? You would be exactly in the same posi- tion as the farmers of the west, who, with the finest lands in the world, cannot dispose of their products, and are obliged to let them go at wretched prices. You see, therefore, that the presence of the lumberman is of vital importance to the existence of your colony. You see, too, that your lot depends upon the cultivation of the forest, and that I am right in telling you that the lumber manufacturers, far from being your enemies, are good and indispensable friends. I wish it was understood thus in every corner of the province, but above all in those places where the lumber trade furnishes, in good years and bad years, its half million to the treasury of the province, and where colonization seems capable of unlimited development. The Laurentian chain, extending from Temiscamingue to Lake St. John, should constitute an immense forest reserve, capable of feeding on the one hand the sources of our admirable irrigation system on the North St. Lawrence, and on the other hand of giving, through the means of forest industry to the new colonies founded in this second province of which I spoke just now, as advantageous a market as can be desired, inasmuch as these forests will be carefully guarded and worked. 4 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN LUMBERMEN EXPRESS THEIR VIEWS. THE CONSENSUS OF OPINION DECIDEDLY HOPEFUL.— RECOVERY LIKELY TO BE GRADUAL.—SOME TIMELY SUGGESTIONS BY Mr. J. T. SCHELL. In view of the fact that the commercial indus- tries of the United States and Canada are not likely to again be disturbed by a national election for a few years to come, the CANADA LUMBERMAN solicited the opinion of several prominent lumber manufacturers and dealers regarding the pros- pects for the Canadian lumber trade. The views expressed indicate a decidedly hopeful feeling, and while the recovery is likely to be somewhat gradual, it is believed that the improvement will be maintained for some time to come. Below will be found some of the replies received : eo WwW Munro, Pembroke, Ont. :—‘‘I think the outlook for local trade looks bright, as [ have heard of several of our mills in this vicinity having sold all the stock in their yards, and in this town our largest mill is running until 9 o,clock every night*to keep up with orders. The re- sult of the Presidential election appears to have given confidence to dealers across the lines. But, however, if I had a million dollars to invest I would put it into white pine, provided I could buy at present rates, as it is bound to advance, and past experience shows that it is certain to rise to a fair price, as there is sure to bea demand for white pine at a paying figure, and if one can hold his pine he will ultimately reap the benefit.” J. E. Murpenuy, Hepworth Station, Ont. :—‘*‘ In my opinion the return of Mr. McKinley in the recent Presi- dential contest in the United States has already had its effect on lumber interests in this country. Lumber manu- facturers are now holding for higher values, and none are disposed to accept the low prices that have been currently offered for several months back. It is early yet to say what will be the effect on the lumber trade in the United States. Inquiry from eastern points are on the increase, but mill men, as a rule, are pretty short of.the good stock asked for at this time of the year. English buyers are gradually turning their attention more and more to Cana- dian points, in search of hardwoods, and this trade will undoubtedly increase in volume from year to year. Formerly this trade has been done through middlemen in New York, Boston, Albany and Buffalo. The local de- mand for hardwood has been no good to me for the past three years, but local trade in hemlock has been excel- lent, and my sales have been larger this year than for three years past.” MickLe, DyMENT & SON, Barrie, Ont. :—‘‘ In reference to the outlook for the lumber business, we are looking for an improvement in the business, but do not expect much change before next spring, and then we think it almost impossible for cheap lumber to raise much in price, as there is such large quantities of low grade lumber at the mills in this country. If the present curtailment of cutting in the woods this winter is continued, there is no doubt that next year will see a decided change for the better. The trade at present requires careful handling, and the manufacturer must not manufacture large quantities, and if a reasonable curtailment is continued we may look for amore prosperous and paying business. We attribute the ruinous prices to the over-production.” A large manufacturer in the Ottawa Valley writes :— “In view of the depressed condition of business in the United States for the past three years, there is no doubt that the growing use of lumber was much curtailed, and the demand lessened ; and as a consequence a very con- ‘siderable surplus has accumulated at the various manu- facturing centres. With the improvement that is almost certain to follow the results of the general elections in the United States trade will assume a healthier tone, and in due course of time the accumulated surplus of lumber will be worked off and trade will again assume its normal condition. Just how soon this condition will be reached no one can tell—there are so many conditions that may affect the question one way or the other. Our own feel- ing is simply this, that bottom has been reached, and a turn for the better will soon take place. We expect that the improvement will be gradual ; we neither expect nor hope for any boom and consider steady, healthy trade better for all concerned.” Mr. J. T. SCHELL, Alexandria, Ont :—‘‘I have noticed in the press expressions of confidence for the future out- look for lumber on account of the election of McKinley. Instances of sales by Ottawa lumbermen are ntoed, also that the holding price for the Western States mills has been advanced ; the hopeful views of numerous dealers have been published, that the lumber trade will wear a brighter smile from this time forward. I agree with the hopeful ones. The advance in asking prices of the west- ern mén indicates hope also, but even an advance of 50 cents and $1.00 per thousand does not put them on the basis of two years ago, and for some time to come their profits will be reckoned on the pages of their ledgers marked ‘‘hopeful.”” The Ottawa sales are not out of the ordinary—the prices not above former years—and not in any way connected with the United States elections, as the buyers were British.” “The improvement hoped for in lumber matters will come in time, but I see no cause for large advances in price, or much increased demand from the United States at this season of the year. Owing to the fact that the depression has been severe and long continued, stocks have become depleted ; dealers and manufacturers have only filled their immediate and necessary requirements, and to a certain extent some stocking up may be done; but when we consider that the buying of lumber has been going on all the time for the “‘ necessities” of the country, we must look for the ‘‘great expansion’’—as one writer has it—in the lumber demand to come from those who buy for the rise they expect, or wait until the ‘‘expansion”’ gets here in fact.” ‘‘There is a large amount of lumber on the piling grounds of the mills both in the States and Canada to-day—a larger amount than usual—and wisdom would be shown by our millers if the logs taken out in 1896-97 would be very much less than formerly. If to the surplus ac- cumulations of stocks during the last two years we add a heavy stock in 1897, I do not see how the lumbermen can get much benefit from the good times coming, as there will still be too much stock for the demand and prices will remain low. By taking out about one-third or one-half of ordinary year’s stocks of logs, and allowing the demand to overtake the production, we could expect to realize fair prices next year, and until the next depression shuts off demand. I shall not cut over one-third as much this winter as last season, and will expect to make the profit for the business on the increase in price of the 1896 stocks, which we have not tried to sell at less than cost, and which we have largely on hand at this writing. I would be pleased to know that the same action would be taken generally, as I think it would mean two to three dollars rise in value, while a large new stock on top of present supplies will mean no profits for another year or so.” Mr. JAMES SHARPE, Burks Falls, Ont. :—‘‘ The result of the election in the United States is most satisfactory to Canadian lumbermen. The market is firmer, and that tendency set in as soon as the election was determined. There have been a large number of enquiries since then, especially about shingles, and a very good increase in the sales. The trade, I believe, will soon boom, whether a tariff is put on by the United States or not.” A BANKER’S VIEW. Mr. George Hague, general manager of the Merchants’ Bank of Canada, visited several United States business centres shortly after the Presidential election, and has ex- pressed himself on the situation as follows: “‘ There can be no doubt that the result of the Presidential election will be to inspire confidence in all business circles, and there will be a renewal of confidence and activity in manufac- turing enterprises, especially those which have been dull for some time past. In fact, I noticed before I returned home that a large number of establishments in several of the states which had been running half time were soon going full tine, while others which had been closed down altogether have resumed operations. I think that one probable effect upon Canada will be the better demand for that which has been manufactured for the American market and which can only be sent there. The increased activity in manufacturing will give rise toa greater de- mand for lumber and will enable Canadian stocks to be got forward at a profit. The lumber market of Michigan q DECEMBER, 1896 cannot fail to be benefitted, and as many of them seek their supply of logs in Canada a renewal maybe looked for in that direction. It was understood some time ago that few logs would be manufactured in Canada for Michigan firms, but if such a demand springs up, as in- dicated, it is quite likely that operations in the woods may proceed almost on the usual scale. This, of course, will employ men in Canadian forests and the sending in of supplies will stimulate Canadian business. With regard to tariff legislation I did not hear much, but I fancy that owing to the large number of those who voted for Mr. McKinley being Democrats and free traders, it will be al- most impossible to pass a tariff bill through Congress im- posing higher duties than those at present prevailing.” CORRESPONDENCE _ Letters are invited from our readers on matters of practical and timely interest to the lumber trades. To secure insertion all communications must be accompanied with name and address of writer, not necessarily for publication. The publisher will not hold himself responsible fer opinions of correspondents. A WORD FROM CHILI, SANTIAGO DE CHILI, Oct. 12th, 1896. DEAR S1r,—A copy of the CANADA LUMBERMAN is to hand, which I have found extremely interesting and de- sirable reading. I have been fortunate enough to pro- mote considerable trade between Canada and Chili, and were it not for the fact that we are now passing through a severe financial crisis much more trade would result. Canadian goods in general compete advantageously here, in workmanship and price, with those of other countries, notwithstanding inconvenient and expensive shipping route. Nearly all Canadian goods are shipped from New York, and most always figure in Chilian commercial statistics as importations from United States. This fact in itself is detrimental to Canadian trade, and it should be the aim of Canadian ship owners and exporters to estab- lish a line of vessels between Montreal and Pacific ports. In normal times there is always a fairly good demand for fine lumber, such as walnut, oak, ash, hickory, clear white pine and rived oak staves. There is also a market for most all kinds of machinery for industrial and agricul- tural purposes. Steam engines, electrical apparatus generally, carriages and wind mills also sell fairly well. At present trade is altogether stagnated, owing to the recent Presidential election and also from uneasiness felt regarding stability of money laws which came into force last year. Yours truly, 5 Lewis E. THOMPSON, Canadian Commercial Agent. IT IS APPRECIATED. Joseph S. Wallis, Port Carling, Ont., writes: *‘ Your November issue is superb.” Mr. J. E. Murphy, Hepworth Station, Ont.: I like THE LUMBERMAN; it is pithy and pointed in all its original matters. J Messrs. Williamson & Crombie, Kingsbury, Que., write: ‘‘ Your special number for November just here. It is just splendid.” ; Mr. T. A. Thompson, Iroquois, Ont., writes: “‘I must say that I am very much pleased with THE LUMBERMAN. - I could not well do without it. Messrs. J. T. Lillicrap & Co., Lakefield, Ont., write : ‘¢We are much pleased with THE LUMBERMAN and notice a decided improvement during the year.” Mr. Geo. Cormack, Whitby, Ont., writes: ‘‘ Your special number of the CANADA LUMBERMAN came duly to hand. I might say it does justice to the trade, and is worthy of the highest praise, and I trust that your circula- tion will ever be increasing.” Hickory promises to play an important part in the manufacture of bicycles in the way of handle-bars of 1897. As indicating the wide range of the export lumber trade of New York, for the week ending October 27th ship- ments were made to the following points: Antwerp, Brazil, Argentine Republic, British West Indies, Bristol, British Guiana, Cuba, Danish West Indies, Dutch West Indies, Glasgow, Havre, Hull, Hayti, Liverpool, London, Port Rico, Santo Domingo, Southampton, Venezuala, Dunedin and Mexico. i. DECEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN 5 J. R. BOOTH’S LOGGING RAILWAY. To our readers the name of Mr. J. R. Booth, the great millionaire lumberman and railroad magnate, is quite familiar, but the system he uses in transporting logs from his timber limits to Ottawa will perhaps present some in- teresting and novel features. There is no waterway between Lake Nipissing and the Ottawa river, or its tributaries, but back of Lake Nipis- sing is a small lake called Lake Nosbonsing, with an out- let by two small rivers and a lake into the Mattawa river, which empties into the Ottawa. The desired object, therefore, was to convey the logs from Lake Nipissing overland to Lake Nosbonsing, at the greatest speed and lowest possible cost, and twelve years ago Mr. Booth built a railroad connecting the two lakes for this purpose. The terminus at Lake Nipissing is Wisawasa, where the creek of the same name empties into the lake, but the bank is very steep, being 65 feet above the level of the lake. This creek was harnessed to draw the logs up to the top and load them onto the cars. A building was buiit into which the logs were carried to be loaded. The building is 220 feet long by 45 feet wide. The rear end ison a level with the ground, andthe front end, sup- ported by heavy framework, is 65 feet above the level of the lake. A jack ladder, 150 feet long, conveys the logs to the building by an endless chain, which is operated by a rope drive 500 feet long. A raised platform extends the full length of the building, and in the platform, or table, is an endless chain operated by another rope drive, 1,150 feet long. These rope drives derive their power from a water wheel 44 inches in diameter, under a heavy head of water passing down a flume 6 x 8 feet. The water wheel, by means of a friction clutch, drives a fire pump when required, by which the railroad engine is supplied with water. An annex, 30 x 50 feet, covers the wheel and pump. The shafting is 3% inches in diameter, and on this shaft are two grooved wheels around which the ropes rotate. Alongside of the platform are shunted four flat cars, with two birch stakes in each, against which the logs run from the table. Each car is 18 feet long, and is built of red oak lumber on tamarack bunks. As the jack ladder chain dumps eight logs per minute on the platform, the chain carries them along and they are dumped or slid onto the skids and then onto the cars. Seventeen men are required to do the loading. When a car is loaded a fork chain attached at one side binds the load on, being tightened by a rachet wheel and dog. In the handling of the logs a great deal of bark is knocked off, which drops through the floor into a shute, and is carried down into the lake. The road is five miles in length, with two miles of sid- ings and switches; one switch extending to the Grand Trunk railway. Twenty-two cars are taken each trip. Upon the return of the twenty-two empty cars, they are left on a siding. The engine then pulls out eleven cars already loaded to another siding, and eleven of the empty cars are run into the building, where they are quickly loaded. The engine then picks these up and with the other eleven the load is completed. At the terminus the track slightly declines towards the lake, the chains are let go and the logs glide off into the water. Two men are employed here to break up jambs. Here the screw tug “‘ Nosbonsing” tows the logs down to the Mattawa river, from whence they float down to Ottawa. The rolling stock consists of 35 flat cars, which carry an average load of 1g logs. Thirty-three of these cars are in constant use, two being kept in reserve. They are 18 feet long by ro feet wide, and are mounted on standard wheels and axles. The locomotive engine has beenin use twelve years, and was built by the Rhode Island Loco- motive Works. A competent engineer and fireman are in charge, and four brakesmen are employed on the train. The road is level and everything runs smoothly. Four section men keep the road in good repair. The round trip has been made in one hour. It requires but two and a half minutes to dump the 22 car loads into Lake Nosbon- sing. Ten trips a day are made, thus carrying over 4,000 logs. The large steamer ‘‘ Booth,” of 100 tons, gathers up the logs around the shores, and a smaller tug does the boom- ing, etc. There are two wharves at Wisawasa, and two men are constantly employed cutting up the flood wood which collects in the booms, for fuel for the boats. Six men feed the jack ladder chain. Mr. Thomas Darling, the manager at Wisawasa, is a trustworthy man, and has been in Mr. Booth’s employ for many years. BRITISH COLUMBIA MILLS. BeLow will be found descriptions of several saw-mill and wood-working establishments in British Columbia which were unavoidably crowded out of our November issue :— BURRARD INLET RED CEDAR LUMBER COMPANY. The mills of the Burrard Inlet Red Cedar Lumber Company are situated at Port Moody, B. C., near the head of Burrard Inlet and on the main line of the Canadian Pacific railway. The trade of the company is principally confined to the manufacture of high grade red cedar and spruce lumber, and all grades of cedar shingles. The capacity of the mill is about 50 thousand feet of lumber and 150 thousand shingles per day of ten hours. The plant is operated by a 300 h. p. double engine, and the machinery throughout is of the latest improved designs, eminently suitable for the economical manufacturing of bevel and drop siding, ceiling, mouldings and finishing lumber of every description. In the shingle department the latest improved machines are placed in posi- tion to use all interior timber from the saw mill. Rough cants after leaving the double circulars are cut into shingle blocks by an automatic cut- off machine, thus relieving the yard from an accumulation of inferior and unsaleable lumber. The dry-kilns have a capacity of 150 thousand shingles and 15 thousand feet of lumber per day, and are operated by a g ft. fan driven by a 14 h. p. horizontal engine. The mill, kilns and sheds are protected from fire by a water system owned by the company, haying a pressure of 40 Ibs. per square inch, with hydrants conveniently placed in the yard and mill, and Ball nozzle sprinklers on exposed roofs. The timber limits, within sight of the mill, on the opposite side of the inlet, are admitted to be the best in the province, and it is estimated by competent judges that the supply of timber is ample for thirty years. There is a large quantity of thoroughly air-dried lumber on hand at present, and with the stock now being cut the orders accepted will be filled promptly. The company is now being re-organized, and when this is accomplished it is proposed to add a first- class sash and door plant to the present equip- ment. VANCOUVER SASH & DOOR COMPANY, VANCOUVER. Though this business was only established two years ago, it has met with such success as to cause several additions to be made to the plant. As the buildings now stand, they cover a large area, the main factory being 120x 60 feet and two stories high. The office and warehouse is 80 x 40 feet, and is also two stories high. A perfectly appointed mill throughout is fitted with the latest improved wood-working machin- ery and tools, and the equipment of this estab- lishment is not surpassed by any in the province. A force of thirty skilled hands and twenty labor- ers are constantly employed. From one-and-a- half to one-and-three-quarter million feet of lumber are used annually. The range of pro- ductions embraces the manufacture of sashes, doors, blinds, newels, brackets, scroll and band-sawing, and interior finishings of all descriptions, as well as planing surfacing, mouldings, secretary and manager. ripping, lathing, etc. The best seasoned lumber only is used. (he promptitude with which this company fills orders can be accounted for by the superiority of its plant. Though the business of the firm in this province is extensive, its manufactures of doors, etc., are largely shipped to Australia. The president of the company is Mr. J. B. McLaren, of the McLaren-Ross Mills, New Westminster. Mr. H. DePencier, manager of the McLaren-Ross mills, is secretary and treas- urer, while Mr. R. D. Featherstone is manager. VICTORIA PLANING MILLS, VICTORIA. Messrs. Muirhead & Mann are the proprietors of this, the largest and oldest industrial estab- lishment in Victoria, located on Constance street. This enterprise was inaugurated in 1870, and has enjoyed a steady growth from the out-set. The plant covers a large area, and is of the most modern and perfect description. The planing mill is a substantial three-story building of 125 x 125 feet in dimensions. The first floor contains all the necessary machinery for the finishing of lumber, such as sashes, doors, staves, mouldings, mantels and other products of lumber. The second floor is reserved tor bench work. The plant is operated by two powerful engines, so arranged that, in case of accident to one, the other can be utilized, thus preventing the possi- bility of delay. The firm own three large store-houses in which their output is stored, as well as their importa- tions of glass, which commodity the firm imports direct in large quantities from England and Belgium. On an average, 250,000 feet of lumber is con- sumed per month. are employed, but in busy times one hundred and over have frequently been at work. A specialty is made of ship-joiners’ work, the firm having supplied materials for many of the largest vessels At present forty workmen frequenting these waters. Anyone visiting the Court House at Nanaimo, the new Parliament buildings at Victoria, and other public buildings and residences whose interiors have been finished by this firm, will easily see that their output is of a superior character. GEORGE CASSADY & CO., LIMITED, VANCOUVER. This company are proprietors of two establish- ments, which were amalgamated on the 1st of January, 1895, under the above name. They were originally known as George Cassady & Co., founded eight years ago, and Leamy & Kyle, founded nine years ago. George Cassady is They are manufacturers of rough and dressed lumber, doors, sashes, mouldings, shingles, laths, turning work, etc. The property is situated on False Creek. At the foot of Cambie street are the door and sash factory, finishing shops, sheds and offices ; while on the south ‘side of False Creek is where the saw mill is located. The machinery in all of the above is of the most modern description. While enjoying a large local trade, the firm also make considerable shipments into the interior and as The quality of their shingles is well known and in this department far east as Ontario. their export trade is very large. The machinery is mostly furnished by the Goldie & McCulloch Co., Ltd., of Galt, Ont. New Brunswick eight years ago. Mr. Cassady came from 6 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN LUMBER AND LOG MEASUREMENT AT HOME AND ABROAD, As is well known, Americans and Canadians sell lumber, logs and timber by the thousand feet superficial of one inch thickness. This is the universal rule in the United States and Canada, and is the simplest, easiest and best ever devised. By it anyone with the rudiments of a free school education can ascertain the number of feet in any piece of lumber or timber and compute its value in decimal money. In England the system is exceedingly complicated, and many lumber ex- porters, new to the business, get the idea that they are swindled in the return statements for their shipments, simply because they do not understand the methods of measurement and the nomenclature of the English trade. We will try to make some of the principal points plain. In England lumber is classed as boards, battens, deals and planks, and is sold by the wholesale by the ‘‘ standard” known as the ‘“St. Petersburg standard,” It contains 165 cubic feet. A standard deal is a piece six feet long, eleven inches wide and three inches thick, and contains 16% feet board measure; 160 standard deals make a standard. If the deals are 1x12 inches by six feet, 330 make a standard. If 1x11 inches, 410 are required. The latter size contains 2,160 feet board measure, while the first two require only 1,980 feet to the standard. In Ireland a different standard prevails. It calls for 120 deals 3x9 inches by 12 feet long, or 3,240 feet. The retail dealers generally sell boards, battens, deals and planks by the square or superficial foot, without regard to thickness. Here we sell by same measurement, except that every piece is counted by the inch in thickness. For instance, a panel 3£x10 inches by 12 feet counts with us just the same as though it wasan inch thick, and the price is made as nearly as can be to cover the amount of timber in each thickness of board less than one inch. Thick- nesses above one inch, whether in whole inches or fractions thereof, we add to the contents of the piece. Thus a board 3x10 inches by 12 feet contains just three times as much board measure as one ot the same width and length one inch or less in thickness. It of course contains six times as much wood as the 3x10 inches 12 feet piece given in the example above. To reduce a mixed lot of lumber to the standard in use in the English market, which is the St. Petersburg standard, is a complicated process, and is figured thus: Suppose we have a lot of twenty pieces 3x7 inches 16 feet, eighty pieces 34x5% inches 24 feet, and twenty pieces 14%xg inches 14 feet to reduce to standards. We multiply the number of pieces in each lot by the width, by the thickness in inches and by the length in feet. The results are in inches, and the lots added together and then divided successively by 11, 18, 30 and 4. These are standard divisors and never change. The result will be in standards, quarters, deals and parts. In the above three lots, if we have made no mistake, there are o standards, 2 quarters, 29 deals and 5/6 parts. To get at the cost of the three lots, say at 47 9s. 6d. per standard, is another complicated mathematical process too lengthy to explain here, but suffice it to say that the cost of the standard being given, the cost of the quarters, deals and parts are ascertained by a peculiar system of aliquot parts similar to that sometimes used in this country for computing interest for months and days, only the English dealers use a shorter method to get the value of the deals and parts. They double the price of the standard and call it pence, then multiply the pence by the number of deals and parts, and divide the product by 12, the number of pence in a shilling. If the remainder exceed 20 it is divided by the number of shillings in a pound, sterling money. The foregoing is not intended asa guide to exporters of lumber to Great Britain, and is not in any way designed to discourage shipments. But the writer advises people not familiar with the wants, conditions and measurements of English markets not to ship anything on consign- Not that the English wood merchants will take advantage of their ignorance of measurement and methods of computing prices, for they have never been accused of that sort of meanness (though it is not unknown in some of our home markets), but the English lumber dealer will insist upon getting just what he orders and will not accept anything else. The promiscuous shipments of timber and lumber on consignments by inexperienced American dealers demoralized prices and broke down a valuable trade of American woods in the English markets some years ago. A few years ago an association ot American lumber exporters was formed which, during the past two years, has restored the tone of the English market, advanced prices on all standard forms of wood goods, and given an outlet for our congested markets. Great credit is due to a few of our hardwood and pine ex- porters, who make regular trips abroad and keep in close touch with the foreign demand, for the present satisfactory state of the export trade, and it is to be hoped that their Jabors will not again be nullified by those who are uninformed as to the conditions of foreign markets. Lumber in the form of boards, strips, planks, squares, etc., in a more or less finished form do not constitute a very large proportion of our foreign wood exports. A much larger proportion goes to British markets in the form of timber, logs, sawed or hewn. The English people prefer to cut them into finished forms themselves. Until recent years hewed logs were preferred to those squared by the saw, but this preference is fast disappearing. Hardwood logs are usually hewn slightly on four sides, the bark removed In this form they are known as waney timber. Yellow pine is shipped in the same form, and often of sixty feet and upwards in length. The English rule for measuring them differs greatly from ours. In the United States and Canada the almost universal rule of measure- ment used is that known as the Doyle log rule, as given in Scribner’s Log Book, the owners of the copyright of that publication having substi- tuted it for Mr. Scribner’s rule many years ago. The rule for obtaining the board measure contents of any size or length of log by Doyle’s system is very simple, and, in the main, correct. It is briefly this: From the mean diameter of the log inside the bark subtract 4. fourth the remainder and multiply the product by the length of the log in feet. The result will be the number of feet, board measure, contained in the log. The exception to this rule is the measurement of mahogany and furniture woods of Constantine & Co., New York, and of cypress and large pine at Mobile and Pensacola. In ment. from the corners. Square one- v DECEMBER, 1896 _ England logs are usually sold by the cubic foot, or by the load, which is fifty cubic feet. There are two methods of measurement, viz.: String and calliper. Round timber is always sold by string measure, hewed timber by both, but the string measure is best for the buyer, because it takes into account the loss on waney logs. By string measure the average girth of a log is taken at three places, if it be a tapering log, by a tape line, and the girth measure is divided by 4, which gives one side of a square log. The length of the log in feet is multiplied by one of its sides in inches and the product divided by 12. This quotient is multiplied by the same side of the log, in inches, and divided by 12. The result is the contents in cubic feet. In practice the odd inches are not counted in the first product. In the calliper measure, two sides of the log are measured, just as though it is perfectly square, taking no account of the wane edges. In the calliper measure the larger size, or face of the log, in inches, is multiplied by the length in feet, and the product divided by 12, which gives the superficial feet of that side. Then multiply the product by the width in inches of the other, or smaller side, and divide by 12. This gives the cubic teet contents of the log, but makes no allowance for the many corners. It is the rule gen- erally in vogue for hewn hardwood and pine logs. In view of the importance of our wood trade with England, and the lessened cost of freights to some of the midland markets by the opening of the great Manchester canal, manufacturers of southern hardwoods will do well to inform themselves fully upon the conditions and customs of foreign markets generally.—D. W. Baird, in The Tradesman. POINTS ON BELTS. RECENTLY at a meeting of engineers in Chicago an essay on belts was read. From this essay the following abstract of points is made: A 3- inch wide single leather belt, travelling at 500 feet per minute, will produce a force equal to one horse power. One 5 inches wide, at 4000 feet per minute, will transmit a force equal to 10 horse power, and the same belt travelling at the rate of 50 feet per minute will only equal the power of one man. A 6-inch belt travelling through 4000 feet of space per minute will run machinery equal to a 24-inch belt only running at the rate of 1000 feet per minute. Belts should never be geared too tight, for the belt will be hard upon itself. Friction maintains the motion that is produced between the pulley and the belt. The angle of the belt should not exceed 45 degrees, and the belt should be made to move from the top of the driving pulley to the top of the pulley being driven. A single belt should not be subjected to a strain of more than 3000 pounds to the square inch of cross section, about 50 pounds for every square inch in width. When it is necessary to use cross belts, see that the laps will not tear up or joints sever. This may be done by keeping them separated at the point where they pass. No matter under what con- ditions a belt is being used, it shouid not be allowed to dry out, but should always be kept soft and pliable. A thorough application of suitable belt dressing will keep them in proper condition. Belts should be run with a slight waving motion, which should show on their slack side ; | 4 | . DECEMBER, 1896 it evidences slight tension and allows belts natur- ally to wear out. Swaying of belts is often caused by the pulleys not being in line, uneven- ness of leather in thickness along their edges, and want of balance. The edges of belts should be tight against the pulley while they are stand- ing still. Tlghteners are placed on the slack side of the belts because there is more strain or tension on the working side, due to extra load, which causes loss of tension on the slack side. A self-adjusting tightener takes up this loss by keeping the tension almost constant. Any varia- tion of load will cause the tightener to rise or fall and keep the belt from jumping. A tight- ener should never be rigid. Belts made too tight will cause friction to such an extent that it will consume all the power of the engine. Under a given load it is wonderful to see how much power of resistance is in a good belt. It can be strained for months, and after a short period of rest will return to its original strength and length. Vertical-running belts should be drawn tight enough so that the belt will cling to the lower pulley. Laced belts often break where connected, on account of friction caused by slipping and movement between the lace and belt, which wears away the lace. The tension or degree with which it grips the pulley or hangs to its surface determines the amount of pull or driving power of the belt, hence the belts should touch every square inch of the surface of the pulley with which it comes in contact. In order to do this the belt should be very pliable and flex- ible. Belts may be run up to to 6000 feet per minute with safety. They should be suitably long, so as not to strain the journals or be hard on the brasses. It is economy and good business fore- sight to use good belts. any price. Poor belts are dear at A belt’s own weight causes it to sag ; this helps to transmit more power. The proper amount of sag may be safely estimated as fol- lows : When pulleys are 15 feet apart, allow 1% to 2 inches ; when pulleys are 20 to 25 feet apart, allow 2% to 4 inches; when pulleys are 25 to 30 feet apart, allow 4 to 5 inches. s A proper ._ working belt will stretch one per cent. on its tight side, which is equivalent to one per cent. of creep; the loss by slipping will represent another one per cent. An excessive amount of slip causes much expense and trouble. There are several com- bined causes which produce slipping. Consider- able of this trouble can be lessened, such as journal friction, air resistance, friction of belt upon itself, crossed belts, for instance. belts are badly oil-soaked and the pulleys have oil on them, it is well to sprinkle Fuller’s earth or prepared chalk on the belt. the oil. wood, slightly sharpened. A solution of salt on pulleys roughens the leather and helps to overcome some of the slip. Anything that acts as a lubricant should be kept from a belt. When This will absorb Scrape off the stuff with a flat piece of If oil comes in contact with gum THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ; belts, it softens them. If water gets between the canvas and the seams and then freezes, it separates the layers. Even frosty pulleys in contact with gum belts tear them from the can- vas. Boiled linseed oil lightly applied on the pulley side of a gum belt will help overcome slipping, caused by dust or otherwise. belts are now used with success in damp or wet places in preference to leather ones, because the leather absorbs dampness. Gum belts are not used with success at half-cross or on cone-pul- leys. Gum REVOLUTIONS OF A SAW. Tue following rule for finding the proper num- ber of revolutions per minute of a saw of any diameter is given by an exchange : Divide 36,000 by the diameter of the saw in inches ; the quotient will be the right number of revolutions. About gooo feet per minute for the rim of a circular saw to travel may be laid down as a good speed; a 12-inch saw, 36-inch rim, 3000 revolutions; 24-inch saw, 72-inch rim, 1500 revolutions, and so on. The velocity and grip of belts running over pulleys are limited, according to their length, width, etc. Consequently, good results from circular saws or cutter-heads depend wholly upon the right proportion of the pulleys which drive them. A good rule to follow is one-third the diameter of the saw for the width and diameter of the the pulley. PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. TABLE OF CONTENTS OF SAW LOGS, BOOM AND DIMENSION TIMBER IN FEET BOARD MEASURE. LENGTH IN FPHRST. 17 feet. 25 feet. 39 feet. 37 feet. Diameter in inches. 17 25 34 48 62 71 85 106 127 142 170 198 227 262 297 326 368 408! 446) 482 538 567 616 666 LSS 795 , 807 892 OZ TS 907| 963}1020 947] 1006]1065 987|1048}1110 1040]/1105]1170 1107/1176,1245 1173|1247|1320. 1213|1289 1365 1267/1346/1425 5.0 w~1 «a_ |Diameter in inches. Il 110 17|117)128 18/133|147 19|154!170 20)175)|192 21|192|211 22|217|238 23|240|264 24|262|289 25|283/312 26/317/348 27|333|307 28)}362/399 29)392/431 30142 1/463 31/459/495 32|475|522 33|525|577 34|542/596 35597 |623 36|592/651 37|617|678 38|655/715 39|692|761 49|733|807 41 758/834 42,792|871| 950 “ea ed es 425 475 500 544 587 631 675 712 787 812 850 887 925 910) 975 968) 1037 953 1022 1100 986 1068 1137 1029 1108 1187 95 119 142 158 190 222 253 293 Sige 364 412 456 499 538 602 633 689 744 800 855 902950 997/ 1050 1029'1083 1077/1133 1124/1183 1172/1233 1235|1300 1314]1383 1393 1467 I4 14/1517 1504/1583 1083 1177|1250|1333/1417/1500, 1583 1667/1750 gol 968 1035 1092 1207 1246 1303 1361 1418 1495 1591 1687 1744 1821 TON] | a5 37 50 71 92 104 125 156 187 208 250 292 333 385 437 479 Bye 600 656 708 792| 8 833 906 979 1052 j1125 11187 1312 (2354 1417 12479 j1542 1625 1729|1798 1760 1833/1907 1820, 1896/1972 1900 1979/2058 2000 2083/2167 2047 2137 2250 933 IOI5/1051 1097|1136 1178|1220 1260]1305 1330)1377 1470|1522 1517|1571 1587|1643 1657/1716 1727|1788 1820]1885 1937|2006 2053/2127 2123/2199 2217/2296 1757 |1834 Igi2 2015 2144\2213'2282 2273/2347 2420 227512351\2427|2502 2375|2454 2533/2612 2692 2333|2417 2500|2583!2667|2750 2833 37 55 74 105 136 ek 185 231 ZiT 308 37° 432 493 57° 647 799 802 888 Spe 39 57| 58 78 III | 143 162 195 244 292 325 $e 455 520 601 682 747 845 936 1024 1105 £235 1300 1414 1527 1641 TSS) 728 823 gi2 997 1048]1077 1172|1203 1233/1267 1341/1377 1449'1488 1$57|1599 1665/1710 1757|1805|1852 1942 1995/2047 2004 2058|2112 1983 2040/2097 2153/2210 2071 2130/2189 2248|2307 2158|2220|2282 2343|2405|2467|37 2275|2340|2405'2470|2535|2600| 38 2421/2490|2559|2628|2697|2767|39 2567|2640|271312787|2860) 2933/40 2654|2730|2806!2882|2957| 3033/41 2771|2850|2929) 3008! 3087|3167|42 2917| 30003083 3167]3350/ 333343 737 816 892 963 “O77 1133 1232 1332 1431 1530 1615 1785 1842 1927 2012 2097 2210 2352 2493 2578 919) 945 992|1020 [108|1140 1167|1200 12691305 1371/1410 YAEL SS 1575|1620 1662/1710 1837/1890 1896) 1950 9°97) 935 TOT3/1045 1067/1100 1160]1196 1253/1292 1347|1389 1440/1485 1520|1567 1680|1732 1733|1787 1813/1870 1893]1952 1973/2035 2080|2145 8 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN MONTALY AND WEEKLY EDITIONS C. H. MORTIMER PUBLISHER CONFEDERATION LIFE BUILDING, TORONTO BRANCH OFFICE: New York LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, MONTREAL The LumBERMAN: Weekly Edition is published every Wednesday, and the Monthly Edition on the 1st day of every month. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, One Year, in advance....... One Copy, Weekly and Monthly, Six Months, in advance..... +50 Foreign Subscriptions, $2.00 a Year. ADVERTISING RATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION Tue Canapa LuMBERMAN is published in the interests of the lumber trade and of allied industries throughout the Dominion, being the only re- presentative in Canada of this foremost branch of the commerce of this country. It aims at giving full and timely information on all subjects touching these interests, discussing these topics editorially and inviting fre= discussion by others. Especial pains are taken to secure the latest and most trustworthy mar- ket quotations from various points throughout the world, so as to afford to the trade in Canada information on which it can rely in its operations. Special correspondents in localities of importance present an accurate zeport nct only of prices and the condition of the market, but also of other matters specially interesting to our readers. But correspondence is not only welcome, but is invited from all who have any information to com- municate or subjects to discuss relating to the trade or in any way affecting it. Even when we may not be able to agree with the writers we will give them a fair opportunity for free discussion as the best means of eliciting thetr' * Any items of interest are particularly requested, for even if not of great importance individually they contribute to a fund of information from which general results are obtained. Advertisers will receive careful attention and liberal treatment. We need not point out that for many the CANADA LUMBERMAN, with its spe- cial class of readers, is not only an exceptionally good medium for securing publicity, but is indispensable for those who would bring themselves before the notice of that class. Special attention is directed to ‘‘ WANTED” and “For SALE” advertisements, which will be inserted in a conspicuous posi- tion at the uniform price of 15 cents per line for each insertion. Announce: gents of this character will be subject to a discount of 25 per cent. it ordered for four successive issues or longer. Subscribers will find the small amount they pay for the Canapa Lum- BERMAN quite insignificant as compared with its value to them. There is not an individual in the trade, or specially interested in it, who should not be on our list, thus obtaining the present benefit and aiding and encour- aging us to render it even more complete. TO VISITING LUMBERMEN. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to use the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN as their own. We shall take pleasure in supplying them with every con- venience for receiving and answering their correspond- ence, and hold ourselves at their service in any other way they may desire. “MADE IN CANADA.” GERMANY of late has taken the front rank as a manufacturing nation. industrial schools she has produced a type of educated artisan who, in addition to the highest manual skill, possesses a knowledge of scientific By means of her great principles which enables him to choose the best means to a desired end. Great Britain is feeling severely the competition of Germany bothin her It is not on this feature of German industrial development, how- ever, that we desire to dwell, but on the German practice of labelling every package and shipment of goods with the words, ‘‘ Made in Germany.” The Toronto Globe recently made the wise suggestion that Canadian manufacturers in all lines should follow the German example by stamping ‘‘ Made in Canada” upon their goods. Our contemporary truthfully says that no more effective or less expensive method of advertising Canada could be adopted. - The foreigner who sees in his own market the highest grades of wheat, lumber, apples, cheese, butter, canned goods, etc., labelled ‘‘Made in Canada,” or **Grown in Canada,” will naturally conclude home and foreign markets. DecemBeR, 1896 that Canada is a country of rich and diversified resources, desirable as a place of residence and as a source from which to purchase natural and manufactured products. We learn trom correspondence with British consular agents in South America, the West Indies, and other foreign countries, that large quantities of Canadian lumber and other manu- factured products are into these countries via New York, and classed as United States imports. Thus the name of Canada is kept in the background, and our producers fail to get proper credit for the excellence of their goods. If the German system were adopted, this credit would come to us, and would be a most important factor in the promotion of our Let Canadian lumber manufac- turers, to whom a foreign market is so import- ant, be the first to adopt the nation and trade developing device, ‘‘ Made in Canada.” imported foreign trade. FREIGHT RATES AND DISTRIBUTING POINTS. EverYONE closely in touch with lumber matters in Ontario must have observed that, in disposing of our product in the United States market, con- ditions of late have not been altogether favorable to the Canadian dealer. In the city of Toronto a few years ago were to be found a number of wholesale dealers, but to-day those conducting a purely wholesale business are very limited in number. Instead of the Canadian trade being distributed from a Canadian port, much of it has been diverted to Buffalo and Tonawanda and other American points, and as a natural result the middleman has discovered that his business can be conducted much more expeditiously from some location across the border. An instance of this was recently shown in the removal from To- ronto of one of the oldest-established firms. Having facilities for shipping by both rail and water, Toronto should be equally as important a shipping point as either Tonawanda, Buffalo, or Oswego, and, placed upon the same footing, we believe would attain to some proper position in this respect. In prospecting for the causes of this diversion of trade, we are led to believe that the Canadian dealer has been handicapped to some extent by discrimination in freight rates in favor of the dealer located on the American border. To illustrate, the through freight rate from the Georgian Bay district, say Waubaushene or vicinity, to New York, is 19% cents on either pine or hardwoods. The rate to Toronto on hardwoods is 7% cents, and from Toronto to New York 16 cents, making a total of 23% cents, or an advance over the through rate of 4 cents per 100 lbs. This amount the dealer who desires to ship to Toronto, and from thence to New York, is obliged to pay. In the case of United States points, take Tonawanda for example, the publish- ed rate from Waubaushene to that point is 834 cents, and from Tonawanda to New York about 13 cents, or a total of 2134 cents, which is 13 cents less than the Toronto dealer is obliged to pay for reaching the same point in practically the same This difference of 134 cents means a total on a car of 30,000 lbs. of $5.25, which re- duces the profits on a carload of lumber just so much. But it is said to be possible to obtain a special rate from Tonawanda to New York as low as 1ocents, which would make a difference of 434 manner. cents per 100 lbs. Particularly in the case of hardwoods is this injustice felt, in view of the wide distribution of that class of timber and the difficulty often experienced in securing a carload of the stock desired at one point. The only re- course for the Canadian dealer, in order to save this amount and successfully compete with the American dealer, is to ship direct from the mill on the through rate, which, as past experience has taught, is not always practicable. Some of the effects of this discrimination on the Canadian trade may be enumerated. A dealer gets an order from New York for a carload of a certain class of lumber, and after looking around locates what he considers the necessary stock, but when he comes to load the car discovers that there is only about half the quantity of the grade required. He is then obliged to inform his cus- tomer to that effect, and ask fur instructions re- garding the stock for the balance of the car. He is advised that the class enumerated in the first order was all that was really required, but is re- luctantly instructed, in view of the circumstances, to fill out the car with something else. In all probability when the next order is to be given the Canadian dealer will not be considered in the matter, but the trade will be diverted to some dealer on the other side who, by means of a sup- ply yard and more equitable freight rates, will be — enabled to fill the contract in accordance with tne specifications. The Canadian mill man will be almost certain to lose the trade and the railway company the freight. Again, a customer orders a carload of lumber and gives instructions to ship by acar ofacertainline. The railway authorities are advised to that effect, and the wholesale dealer sends his shipper to the point of shipment, but the latter is sometimes obliged to wait several days before the car arrives, thus considerably re- ducing the profits on the carload of lumber. To overcome these difficulties it is necessary that Toronto should be made a central distribut- ing point and placed on an equal footing with American ports with respect to freight rates. The establishment of lumber supply yards in To- ronto would, we believe, mean more to the trade than appears on the surface. American buyers would make personal visits to inspect stocks, and as a result their relations with the Canadian dealer would be closer. Their opinion of the Canadian trade would be heightened, and, feeling satisfied that their orders would be promptly filled, more business would be likely to accrue. The present tendency of American buyers to deal direct with manufacturers would be re- moved, as the judiciousness of purchasing at a point where a selection of stocks and prompt shipment could be made would be self-evident. It would further assist in solving the vexed ques- tion of inspection. All lumber would be unloaded at Toronto and graded, thereby maintaining a uniform grade, while the inspection would be controlled in this market also. Another advan- tage which might also result to the manufacturer would be in the direction of realizing a greater sum for his lumber. money is lost by mill men through improper grad- ing. Upon being sorted at the supply yard, every grade and size of lumber would be disposed of in the market which would bring the highest returns, and much refuse which is now wasted would be profitably utilized. Going back to the question of freight rates, We believe that much | ee i ie hk 6 ed ii Ah a die AAS “oer ) — ie, DECEMBER, 1896 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN upon the adjustment of which the expediency of opening a yard in Toronto would seem to depend, it is not contended that the railway companies should reduce the present through rate to New York. It is simply asked that this rate be allowed to be paid in two portions, say the present local rate to Toronto, and 12 cents from Toronto to New York. It is possible now to obtain, asa special favor, a stop-over privilege for a day or two at a cost of one cent per hundred pounds, but this is as a rule unsatisfactory and does not serve the desired purpose. There cannot be any just reason why a carload of lumber should not be shipped from Georgian Bay points to Toronto and thence to New York at as low a rate as via Tonawanda or Buffalo, and we doubt not that a change in the policy of the railway companies in this direction would result -beneficially to the railways as well as the Ontario lumber trade. The LuMBERMAN would be pleased to have an expression of opinion from wholesale dealers and manufacturers regarding the expediency of estab- lishing a supply yard in Toronto, as well as the mode of conducting the same. EDITORIAL NOTES. Tue Australian kari wood pavement which was constructed a year ago on West 2oth street, New York, as an experiment, is said to have proven unsatisfactory. It was supposed to bea suitable pavement for streets on which the traffic is not heavy, but it is claimed that when the blocks are wet horses are unable to secure a footing. To prevent accidents a coating of sand has been spread over the street. Ir is just possible that the development of the pulp industry in Canada may increase the profits of many saw mills, inasmuch as the waste pro- duct which formerly found its way to the burner may be utilized for the manufacture of pulp. In the state of Maine there are pulp mills which obtain a portion of their supply of raw material from the saw mills, but, of course, it is a small percentage of the total amount required. The spruce forests will continue to furnish the prin- cipal supply, and the competition for possession of timber limits will increase the revenue derived therefrom. An enthusiastic advocate has recently declared the superiority of wood pulp as a sub- stitute for brick and stone as a building material. SoME timely suggestions for manufacturers -are contained in the letter which appears on another page from Mr. J. T. Schell, referring to the operations in the woods during the winter of 1896-97. Mr.Schell clearly points out the advan- tage to be gained by a curtailment in the log input, the effect of which would be to dispose of much of the lumber now at the mills at a more remunerative figure. To accomplish the desired end united effort is necessary. One manufac- turer should not take the ground that as his neighbor is reducing his output he will be safe in operating his mill to its full capacity, as this action would be likely to become general, with the result that no reduction whatever in the out- put would be made. We believe we are safe in saying that there is little probability of any shortage in the log supply necessary to meet the demand for lumber during next season, and it is certainly more desirable to make a fair profit on one million feet than to be obliged to handle five million to secure the same returns. The lumber trade will be none the worse for a quiet logging season. Or late years there has been a notable increase in the quantity of thin lumber shipped from Canada to Great Britain, a condition upon which Canadian lumber manufacturers have reason to congratulate themselves. It is possible that this trade is worthy of still greater expansion, but there are difficulties in the way which must first be overcome. The English saw miller is in- terested in having the timber shipped in the log or in deals, which of course brings to him trade in manufacturing for the many purposes for which the lumber is required. therefore met in this direction. Opposition is The conserva- tism of the English people is perhaps greater than is generally believed, and any new system of doing business meets with disapproval. The advantages of the new arrangement must be proven beyond a doubt before it receives the sanction of the Britisher. It is further necessary that the Canadian mill man should exercise greater care in the manufacture of his lumber. A visit to the English markets would enable the manufacturer to learn the requirements of the trade, and would prove of much assistance in preparing his stock. Unfortunately too many manufacturers do not realize the necessity of having their lumber cut to exact lengths and sizes. For twelve-foot stock, for instance, everything from twelve to thirteen feet is put in, although payment is only received for a 12-foot board. The freight rate in transportation to Europe on the surplus over the 12 feet reduces the profit by a considerable sum. Defects at the ends of boards should also be cut off, thereby raising the standard of the lumber. of purposes for which lumber is Great Britain makes it The variety required in imperative that the greatest precaution be taken in manufacture, and until this is done the development of the thin lumber trade is not likely to be rapid. THE reference in these columns a few months ago to ‘‘excelsior,” or wood wool, has brought to us numerous inquiries regarding the foreign demand for that article. There is no doubt that considerable quantities might be placed on the British market providing the rates of transporta- tion were sufficiently low to permit of successful competition with the product of other countries, but the present carrying charges are somewhat excessive. As excelsior is put up in bales similar to hay, the freight rates thereon should be nearly the same, but we presume that owing to the small quantity shipped no equit- able rates have been obtained. We were recently informed that a company in Scot- land were prepared to take twenty tons a week if satisfactory prices could be arranged. The claim is made against the Canadian article that it is too coarse, but this defect should be easily overcome. In connection with this matter we observe that Messrs. Chapman & Co., of Deptford, S. E., who are large manufacturers and importers, are desirous of importing the raw material from which ‘‘excelsior” is made. They write as follows: ‘‘ We want deal and batten ends (firewood, as it is termed in the trade) of about three inches thick and from one to six feet long, and between six and ten inches wide, of white fir or pine or other soft wood that has little smell. We could also do with any white round wood of any length up to ten feet and about six feet in diameter, the same as used by the American manufacturers of excelsior. If it can be done we would like to get small sections as samples, with specifications of dimensions and quotations c.1.f. London. We would buy whole cargoes, and it would greatly help us to know the approximate weight of a fathom (216 cubic feet) of the different qualities submitted.” Here is an opportunity for lumber manufacturers in the maritime provinces to utilize their waste product to advantage. CUTTING TIMBER. There is a great deal said by the advocates of forest preservation about the good policy ot selecting out and cutting for lumber the old matured trees, leaving the younger and more vigorous for future growth theory this looks feasible. But in practice it is different. This is a windy country, and it isa well-known fact that whenever a forest is thinned out by the removal of the larger trees the winds make a slaughter of the residue. This is the reason why lumbermen prefer to cut their timber clean when they enter upon a tract for operations. In the older sections of the country, where openings have been made for the clearing of farm land, it is the common experience that the standing timber left for fire wood, sugar orchards of maple, or growths to be converted into saw logs later on, greatly suffer from the winds, and in some instances isolated tracts have to be cut to save loss of timber. This is a pity, but it is the truth, nevertheless. There seems to be but one way to manage hardwood timber, and that is to cut everything that is merchantable, leaving only the second growth, which adheres firmly to the soil and is tough enough to withstand the more powerful winds. and supply. In Hence the only way to successfully perpetuate forests seems to be to cut all the old growth, that is, the original forest, while the second growth is conserved. It is idle to talk to lumbermen about sparing timber that possibly can be cut into lumber. A man who has put his money into timber tracts well knows that if he leaves the smaller, younger and more vigorous trees, taking only those which have ceased growing, he will lose much of what he leaves. Besides, in this cutting over pine lands, the debris left on the ground, especially where no attempt is made to gather and burn it, remains as a menace to the standing timber, because it is food for forest fires. Another consideration also affects the profits of the operator. When a camp is once started it is desirable to finish the timber on the tract operated, for repeated going over the land adds to the cost of getting the timber into marketable shape. The lumberman realizes the desirability of preserving the forests, but there are difficulties in the way of a practical application of the theories which appear well on paper. Each owner of timber will have to shape his own course under the dictates of experience, and much as his financial exigencies shall dictate.—Northwestern Lumberman. ‘* Just tell them that you saw me,” said the log as it slid against the circular saw. 10 THE CANADA LUMBERMAN ad ’ Am -S en T= a a a ‘¢ TyerRE is one characteristic of birch timber which, I believe, few have observed,” remarked the manager of a planing mill not far from Toronto. ‘‘If you notice,” he continued, ‘‘ you will observe that birch checks both ways, while all other woods check only in one direction. This is one of the simplest ways of distinguishing birch timber when piled with other woods and only the ends of the logs are visible. Just watch in future and see if I am not correct.” * * * A LUMBER paper tells a rather good story about the Hon. Philetus Sawyer, of Oshkosh, Wis., who has not only made a fortune out of white pine lumber, but is one of the best-known men in the northwestern lumber states. He recently attended the country fair at Omro, Wis., took in the fair and drank country fair lemonade. At one of the lemonade stands there was a boy about twelve years ot age tending the lemonade barrel and he was not acquainted with the senator. The lemonade was good and Mr. Sawyer wanted a second glass, but the boy refused to give it to him until he had paid for the first glass. He paid for it and took the second. Some time afterwards the boy found out who it was to whom he had refused credit, and wrote Mr. Sawyer a letter of apology, in reply to which Mr. Sawyer said that he had done just right. The sequel of the affair is that Mr. Sawyer has sent for the boy and will educate him. * * * THERE is located on one of the islands. near Great Manitoulin a saw mill which has an interesting history. The Mississippi Valley Lumberman tells us that the plant was origin- ally located in Detour, Mich., and was the property of a firm of Frenchmen whose capital was limited, but who had been offered induce- ments to locate there. atime, but the other parties of the contract at length failed to carry out their part of the bargain and the firm saw ruin staring them in the face. They employed a desperate and very novel expedient, but it proved entirely successful. They selected a new site across the border on a large island having a bay so completely land- locked as to be entirely hidden from ordinary Then, selecting their time, they Everything went well for observation. cut the telegraph lines out of the town and began loading the mill on a large scow. Before they got away telegraph communication was restored and a tug hastened to the rescue and gave chase to the runaway tug and scow. As the island chain was being approached the pursuer almost overhauled the heavily loaded scow, when it was found that the Canadian line had been passed and the chase had to be abandoned. When the parties who claimed the mill returned to the search they. had great difficulty in locating it. The only thing which could be done then was to seize the plant as contraband, which was done by the Canadian government. It was sold for duty at Ottawa and the runaway owners bid it in at a low figure and it has been busily at work in its new location for five or six years. * * * Mr. W. B. Tindall, of the Parry Sound Lum- ber Company, is not altogether in favor of an export duty on logs ; in fact, he conscientiously believes that the whole question of export duties is wrong. He says: ‘‘The Government sell their timber and get a good price for it, what more do they want? With regard to the claim that the manufacturing of our logs should be done in Canada, that is a matter which will eventually right itself, as shown by the fact that the Michi- gan people are now erecting mills on this side, where they can secure cheaper and better labor. Too many people apparently forget or are ignor- ant of the fact that as soon as an export duty is imposed upon saw-logs by the Canadian govern- ment, the same duty on lumber as existed under the McKinley bill comes in force. Apart from those who are directly interested in securing the imposition of an export duty on saw-logs, the persons who are advocating the measure are not conversant with the facts. We should remember that Canada is a long narrow country, and that the interests of other provinces besides Ontario must be considered. Then, again, the Americans are making unnecessary noise about the flooding of the United States market with Canadian lum- ber. Why, the importations from Canada are much less than the receipts at the city of Chicago alone.” I observe that for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1896, according to the figures of the United States Treasury Department, 786,102,000 feet of lumber were exported from Canada to the United States, while the yearly receipts at Chicago are nearly double that amount. * * * Mr. L. O. Armstrong, colonization agent of the Canadian Pacific Railway, returned early in November from a visit to the west. He was in the State of Michigan on election day. ‘‘Al- though the business men of Michigan rejoiced at Major McKinley’s election,” said Mr. Armstrong, ‘“‘they appreciate the services the Republican candidate by the sound money Democrats, and for this reason it is not thought probable that an extreme protective policy will be resorted to when the tariff comes to be framed.” ‘*How is business in Michigan?” Mr. Arm- strong was asked. ‘‘ Before the election,” he replied, ‘‘ business was in a terribly depressed state. In fact, it could hardly have been worse. The Chicago Lumber Company, one of the largest milling concerns in the State, had not paid a cent of money to their men for over a year, they being obliged to accept coupons, which were changed for goods at the company’s stores. This was the deplorable state of affairs in Michigan, and, in fact, all over the country previous to the Presi- rendered dential election.” ‘* And are things any better now ?” ‘The feeling improved at once. The com- pany I have just alluded to raised the price of lumber fifty cents per thousand feet all round, and merchants reported that orders began at once to come in.” Mr. Armstrong states that there is a strong feeling in Michigan in favor of putting a duty on Canadian lumber, but he thinks this influence will be counteracted by the New England States, where Canadian lumber is in such demand, and DECEMBER, 1896 also by the knowledge that an export duty would be imposed on Canadian logs. Be this as it may, Mr. Armstrong added that Canadians should begin to look to Europe for a lumber market. k * * A LuMBER dealer who formerly resided in Toronto, but is now located in Georgia, recently paid a visit to his native city to renew acquaint- ances, and incidentally ran across a representa- tive of one of the daily papers, when the tollow- ing conversation ensued : ““Will you have something?” said he. The scribe never said a word, but over a pipe and a glass—or maybe two—a pleasant hour of the evening passed quickly away. ‘‘How do you like Georgia?” asked the scribe. ‘« All right, except for the pigs,” returned the lumberman. ‘« They have only one kind of pig down there, you know—the ‘three-row’ pig. They call him that because he can reach through a rail fence and dig up the third row of sweet potatoes.” And the scribe laughed while the lumberman quietly pulled at his pipe. ‘IT went out one day to see about buying a timber limit,” he continued. ‘‘ Down there, you know, we cut logs all the year round, and the greatest bother we have is from water overflow- ing the ground so we can’t cut during the rains. Well, I reached the place and went out to look over the ground.” ; ‘“‘The owner of it solemnly assured me the water never came up near the timber at all.. I could see water-marks about ten feet up from the ground on all the trees in one bottom, and I asked him what caused those funny marks up there.” ‘«« Qh, just the hogs scratching their backs, was the answer.” ‘‘T never said a word until we went to his house and had dinner. In the evening we were smoking on the big verandah.” ‘¢« Waal, ah you goin’ teh buy my timbah ?’ ‘‘T thought a minute, and then I just said: ‘No, but I’ll take all the hogs you’ve got.’” ‘THE MOISTURE IN WOOD. MICROSCOPICAL investigation is said to prove — that the pores of wood invite the passage of mois- ture in the direction of the timber’s growth, but repel it in the opposite direction, and this is sup- posed to account for the phenomenon which has. been so often noticed and which is so commonly a mystery, namely, the fact of two pieces of timber sawn from the same section ofa tree sometimes appearing to possess very variable degrees of durability. It is found that if the wood, say, of a gate post, is placed right end up the moisture in the soil will affect it, but the rain falling on the top will do little harm ; if, on the other hand, the butt end of a tree is placed uppermost the top of the post will decay, because — the moisture of the atmosphere will penetrate — the pores of the wood more rapidly in sucha position. The fact, so familiar, that the staves of a wooden tub appear to absorb moisture irregularly—some getting quite sodden while others are comparatively dry and seemingly almost impervious to moisture—is because the dry staves are in position as the tree grew, but the saturated ones are reversed, ; Ta ane =H fo a a ve < ry ie ates % verti gD Ze obs Te re er eae fk: 5 Ne aa “ SSE) Aare i i © me ros = - = a id WEEKLY FDITION The Lumberman Monthly Edition, 20 pages } 1.00 per year { The Lumberman Weekly Edition, every Wednesday THIS PAPER REACHES REGULARLY THE PRINCIPAL LUMBER MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS THROUGHOUT CANADA, AND WHOLESALE BUYERS IN THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MARKETS. CANADA |UMBERMAN meer, LT. TORONTO, ONT., NOVEMBER 25, 1896 No. 47. _ (CANADA [,UMBERMAN PUBLISHED BY C. H. MORTIMER Confederation Life Building - TORONTO. Branch Office: New York Lire Insurance BuILpine, MonrTREAL. Weekly Lumberman, published every Wednesday. Contains reliabie and up-to-date market conditions and tendencies in the principal manufacturing districts and leading domestic and foreign wholesale markets. A weekly medium of information and communication be- tween Canadian timber and lumber manufacturers and exporters and the purchasers of timber produccs at home and abroad. Lumberman, Monthly. A 2o-page journal, discuss- aa ing fully and impartially subjects pertinent to the lumber and wood-working industries. Contains interviews with prominent members of the trade, and character sketches and portraits of leading jumbermen. Its special articles on technical and mechanical subjects are especially valuable to saw mill and planing mill men and manufacturers of lumber products. 4% Subscription price for the two editions for one year, $1.00. Lumbermen visiting Toronto are invited to call at the office of the CANADA LUMBERMAN. We shall have pleasure in giving them any information desired. : WANTED AND FOR SALE Advertisements will be inserted in this department at the rate of 15 cents per line each insertion. When four or more consecutive insertions are ordered a discount of 25 per cent. will be allowed. This notice shows the width of the line and isset in Nonpareil type. Advertise- ments must be received not later than 4 o'clock p-m. on ‘Tuesday to insure insertion in the current week's issue. WANTED. sae OCK ELM, 2%” AND 3" PLANK, AND pete (\. Maple Octagons. Particulars furnished on appli- _ cation. Address Box No. 1,253, General P.O., New York City. + FOR SALE. A MILLION X AND XX 18” CULL CEDAR _ £X Shingles, at your own price. No reasonable offer refused if sold atonce. NapANEE Putp AND PAPER _ Co., Fenelon Falls, Ont. a ae 2 WANTED. * St ar “For A SASH, DOOR, AND GENERAL JOB- _ I bing factory in British Columbia, a foreman and _ eneortwohands. References required. Address, B. C. Rix Factory, care of LumBerman Office, Toronto. ee ae as WANTED. raf * ) NE TO FIVE CARS OF 234” COMMON AND geod ’ No. rand 2 Soft Elm. Send list, with price de- te sis red on cars at Buffalo. Burraro Harpwoop a ¥ Lumper Co., 940 Elk St., Buffalo, N. Y. e ~ Timber Limits For Sale - &. 4 LUABLE LIMITS—WELL TIMBERED— ‘Pine, Spruce, &c.; advantageously situated for pment by water and rail; especially adapted for pulp ‘w-mill business. Jas. M. Mitcue ct, 58 St. Francois Xavier St., Montreal, FOR SALE. ARGE STEAM SAW MILL AND STAVE ~ Millat Essex,on M.C.R R_ Capacity per day, ft. of lumber and 35,000 staves. Two spurs 1n rdof15 acres; also barns, sheds and dwelling es. A quantity of timber near by can be bought. priet-r has invested on Pacific Coast and is closing here. Must be sold. For particulars apply to iS ee T. H. DeCew, Essex, Ont. Wanted for Cash. FEET 2 INCH FIRST AND SEC- ond Dry Soft Elm. S. I. WILSON & CO., 26 King St. E., Toronto. NOTICE Under and by virtue of a warrant issued at the in- stance of the Waterous Engine Works Co., Ltd., of Brantford, Ont.,, under a statutory lien, I have seized and am now in possession of certain machinery, viz.:—One 18 x 24 Steam Engine and Connections, one Steel Girder Car. riage, Mandrel, Pulleys Boxes, Guide and Splitter, and one Prescott Steam Feed Cylinder, 36 feet in length, with Connections, which are in the mill belonging to McRae Bres. & Co., at Calabogie, in the county of Renfrew, and, pursuant to the said authority, I will on "gtth day of November, 4896, proceed and sell the said machinery at the said mill. All particulars relating to the said machinery may be had on application to the undersigned, or to the Waterovs Engine Works Company, Limited, Brantford, nt. 200,000 WALTER YUILL, Bailiff, Calabogie, Ont. ———————— CURRENT TRADE CONDITIONS. ONTARIO The lumber trade of Ontario, after a period of depression almost unprecedent- ed, is gradually recovering from its inac- tivity, and on all sides a more promising outlook is reported. Within the past week many expressions of opinion have been heard that the business of the country is improving, and foreign capitalists are said to be looking to Canada as a desirable field for investment. Financiers are be- coming interested in the probability of valuable gold mines being located in the northwestern part of Ontario, and money is circulating with more freedom. The advance in the price of farm products has in a measure been maintained —all of which will assist in the improvement of the lumber trade which has now com- menced. Inquiries from the United States are more numerous, and prices of the best grades are higher than in the early fall. No. 1 cutting has advanced about $2 per thousand, and now sells at $32. In the Georgian Bay district there are large stocks, which will probably make it more difficult to advance prices, owing to extreme competition. In the Ottawa valley the market is in a healthy condition, and much of next season’s pro- duction has been placed. Twelve-inch boards are very scarce, and it would be difficult at the present time to secure a suitable cargo for the South American market. The prospects for next season’s trade are considered good, and only an overproduction of logs this winter is likely to prevent more remunerative prices. An improvement is also reported in hard- woods and hemlock. QUEBEC AND NEW BRUNSWICK. As navigation on the St. Lawrence has practically closed for the season, there is very little stock changing hands for the British market. During the past week a couple of steamers left Montreal with partial cargoes of lumber, which pretty well clears up the stock at this port. What remains will be held over until the spring. Stocks at Quebec are generally light, oak being in greater supply than other woods. The quantity of timber shipped from that port shows an increase Over past years, and the general opinion is that next season will witness a brisk trade. The cut in the woods this winter will be an average one, and as many logs were hung up this season, there will doubtless be a sufficient supply for all re- quirements. In New Brunswick no par- ticular activity exists. There are large quantities of lumber at the mills and on the wharves, much of which will be carried over the winter. Small lots are going forward to United States points, and freight rates have advanced 25 cents, mak- ing the rate now $2 to Boston and $2.25 to New York. Spruce is firmer and in more demand, and dealers are stocking up before prices advance. The cut in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia is likely to be larger than last year, BRITISH COLUMBIA AND MANITOBA. After a quiet period the saw mills of British Columbia are again in active op- eration, and large local orders are being placed. Indications point to the mills be- ing kept busy and running full time all winter. The canneries continue to re- quire large supplies of lumber, and ship- ments to the east are fairly active, but have been hindered by a scarcity of suit- able cars. There is little doing in foreign trade. Manitoba trade is active, farmers purchasing freely for repair work, UNITED STATES. The feeling of confidence which fol- lowed the Presidential election in the United States has resulted in an expansion of trade in lumber, and a general advance in price of from 50 cents to $1 per thou- sand feet. The increase in volume of movement is not likely to be very marked during the winter season, but the require- ment will increase with the first approach of spring trade. There has been a re- sumption of consuming industries, and most of these have very light stocks on hand, but do not feel disposed to stock heavily at the advanced prices until neces- sity compels them to do so. The fear of further advances may, however, tempt some buyers to lay in supplies for next season’s wants. As trade in general in- creases, and money is more freely distri- buted, it is probable that lumber will not long remain at present quotations. Sev- eral good-sized transactions are reported in white pine, among which is the sale of 15,000,000 feet at Bay City and Saginaw. Shipping at Duluth has about closed for the season, and sales for eastern shipment are not large, but a fair demand is re- ported from the wheat-producing centres. Spruce and hemlock in the eastern mar- kets are improving, and at Buffalo and Tonawanda an increase ofsales is reported. The cut of pine this winter is likely to be smaller than last season, but more will be taken out than was anticipated before the election. The hardwood market is strengthening from an enlarged demand. Quarte1-sawed red and white oak is in- quired for, and some fair sales are an- nounced: A Chicago dealer is said to have received an order last week for fifty cars of plain red oak finish. Birch, elm and maple is being purchased for furniture and other factories, and basswood is also moving a little better, although stocks are large. There is very little activity in the sash and door trade, as building opera- tions are well over. Shingles are rather scarce, and are consequently firm. Many wholesale dealers are short in the supply of white cedars. FOREIGN. Apart from Great Britain the foreign lumber markets are not active. The South African and South American de- mand is likely to be good next season, but before the spring trade opens up there will be very little doing. The course of the British lumber market is towards a further hardening in prices of Canadian goods, which is accounted for by the light supplies and the active demand. Still more business might be done if shippers were willing to accept lower figures, but, realizing that the supplies are not likely to be greater than the requirements for the winter’s trade, no underselling is be- ing indulged in. Large quantities of pine sold at public sales have lessened the general demand, but the prices realized prove that the market 1s not weakening. The consumption cf spruce continues un- abated, and few distributing points contain any large supply. The probable early closing of the ports on the American side has had the effect of stiffening prices still further. General trade at London is only moderate, but an improvement is noted at Glasgow and West Hartlepool. At the latter port sawn wood 1s in exceptionally good request, and stocks are less than at the same time last year. Should the de- mand remain in the present healthy con- dition, it is quite probable that higher values will result. Mahogany is strong, and birch has improved. Oak is moving fairly well, while ash and elm are weak and little inquired for. SHIPPING MATTERS. Bark Launberga, from Manilla, loads deals at St. John, N. B., for the United Kingdom. The following lumber charters are reported : Thos. Perry, Pensacola to London, sawn tim- ber, 96s. 3d.; ship Annie M. Law, Mobile to Buenos Ayres, lumber, $11.50 net; bark Hornet, Mobile to Rosario, lumber, $13 net. BUSINESS NOTES. A. Mineav, lumber, etc., Louiseville, Que., is said to have assigned. W. Williscraft, saw mill, Fort Simpson, B. C., is offering to sell out. The B. B. Richards Lumber Company, of Duluth, Minn., have filed an assignment. The assets are estimated at $543,000, and are greatly in excess of liabilities. otic bend * Ta eo. wee ee: a oe. mt nye vs ee RCAL TS oe et irs A ie Soy ‘he vied 2 a 1 © STOCKS AND PRICES. CANADA. Chew Bros.’ mill at Midland, Ont., has = ——"" Ad 7 ' closed for the season. The cut was 12,- a 000,000 feet. . The brig Darpa sailed from Dorchester, , N. B., last week for Buenos Ayres with a A cargo of lumber. : Harlow & Kempton, of Milton, N. S., ne will take out from five to six million feet z of logs this season. é Johnson & Beveridge have put in a : camp at Orrville, Ont., to take out logs for Toner & Gregory, of Colling wood. a: According to the Northwestern Lumber- man, a Saginaw syndicate is making esti- — on the Howry limits near Peterboro’, nt. An estimate of the timber on limit No. 151, Algoma, owned by John Charlton, M. P., places the amount at 100,000,000 feet of pine. Wm. Cresswell, foreman for M. M. Boyd & Co, went north last week to the firm’s limits in Monmouth to arrange for putting in a camp. A timber berth on Barnaby river, Nor- thumberland county, New Brunswick, was sold at the crown lands office last week to J. H. Barry, for $23 per mile. Alfred Dickie, Stewiacke, N. S., has purchased the valuable timber lands of the Acadia Coal Co., Hopewell, N.S., and will operate extensively there this winter. McArtbur Bros. & Co., of Toronto, will Operate quite extensively in the upper peninsula of Michigan and in Wisconsin this winter, taking out pine, oak and elm. During October 947,000 feet long lum- ber, 2,218,000 laths and 2,727 pes. piling were shipped from River Hebert to U. S. ports, in 13 vessels. from Northport went two deal cargoes for British ports. The Central Lumber Company, of Sagi- naw, has started a lumber camp on Blind river, Ont., and will cut 5,000,000 feet, which will be rafted to the Saginaw river and converted into lumber at Zilwaukee. Thos. A. Low, of Eganville, Ont., Jast week made a sale of 250,000 feet of lum- ber to an English firm to be shipped to Liverpool next season. The bulk of the lumber is to be shipped from Fourth Chute. Mr. Fremont Crandell has a gang of 25 men at work at Squaw river, Harvey, Cutting timber on a limit owned by the Sadler, Dundas & Flavelle Co., of Lind- say. He estimates the quantity to be cut at 1,000,000 feet. The quantity of deals shipped from Partsboro, N. S., this season is larger than last year, notwithstanding the fact that five or six million feet are held over. The quantity exported is 43,315,244 super- ficial feet of deals and ends, and the ship- pers were W. M. McKay and Geo. Mc- Kean, in about equal quantities. eh re! te (ee Py Dir aie ray ene lll aN Pld . 7 * —— Ds ae | us FOREIGN. The estimated input of logs in the Du- luth district, with what is being carried over, is 450,000,000 feet. The Southern Lumber Manufacturers’ Association have advanced prices of yel- low pine 50 cents per thousand feet. S. O. Fisher, of Saginaw, is said to be negotiating for the sale of 250,000,000 feet of pine on the north shore of Lake Su- perior. Robinson Bros., of Tonawanda, lately purchased considerable stock from Davis- | TABASCO MAHOGANY | be ra » “ Holmes Company, of Marinette, Wis. The consideration was about $50,000. Yard pickings and fine common inch stock is likely to be scarce at Albany, N. Y. There is a big stock of 2x 12 log run and box and 2 inch promiscuous box. The Boom Company at Menominee, Mich., has handled 336,000,000 feet of logs this season. There are 35,000,000 feet held over for next season’s sawing. In the New York market spruce has advanced since the election $1.50 a thous- and. Random cargoes have advanced to $13.50 for narrow and $16 for 10x 12. It has been estimated that the lumber requirements in the immediate vicinity of Delagoa Bay, South Africa, for the com- ing twelve months will be between 60,- 000,000 and 70,000,000 feet. Eddy & Glynn will take out 10,000,000 feet of logs near Ashland, which will be taken to the Saginaw yard of C. K. Eddy & Sons. The latter firm will carry into the winter about 17,000,000 feet. Barney Goodman, of Marquette, Mich., wll take out board timber and logs for McCall & McBurney, of Simcoe, Ont. The scene of operations will be a tract of 3,000,000 feet on the Salmon Trout. Bliss & Van Auken, of Saginaw, Mich., have started a number of logging camps on the Mackinaw division of the Michigan Central, and in the Georgian Bay district in Ontario. They have 20,000,000 feet now on hand. Sales of lumber have been made at Saginaw, Mich., as follows: 1,000,000 feet log run at $t5; 500,000 feet of box at $8 ; 300,000 feet at $8.50; 500,000 feet of wide hemlock at $7.50. Mill culls range from $6 to $8. Shingles are selling at $1.50 for clear butts and $2.50 for XXXX. Sales of Canadian goods were made as follows at the last auction sale of Churchill & Sims, London, Eng.: Per steamer “ Springwell,” from Quebec—13 x 3x9 Ist spruce, £9 I5s.; IIx3x9Q Ist spruce, £9. Per steamer “‘ Carham,” from Montreal— 12x3x11 3rd pine, £9 Ios.; 12x3xII 3rd pine, £9 15s.; 13x3xII 3rd pine, £10. Per steamer “Montezuma,” from Quebec— 12x3x12/26 Ist pine, £22 15s.; 12x3x12/26 Ist pine, £22 10s. Per steamer “ Monte- zuma,” from Quebec—16 x 3 x II unsorted red pine, £7 I5s. THE AUSTRALIAN MARKET. Fraser & Co., of Melbourne, Aus., in their last monthly timber report, say: A want of animation has been most noticeable in the timber market during the past few weeks, the demand having slackened considerably in com- parison with the business concluded in late months, doubtless owing to the actual con- sumption having decreased in the country districts, from whence the principal amount of business has for some time been received. The uncertainty existing as to the prospects of our coming harvest has caused buyers to act cautiously for the present, but although it may probably be found that our wheat crop will not realise the expectations of a few months ago, still our butter output will be a large one, which will have the effect of stimulating trade generally, and more especially in the country area, Outside of the local demand, sone sales have been made for West Australia, chiefly in flooring, lining, weatherboards, and Oregon lumber, though enquiries from that quarter have not been so prevalent, but as one or two small sailing vessels are now loading here for Western ports, some supplies are likely to he directed there by these opportunities. With the exception of Oregon, which is now selling at £5 5s. per 1,000 feet super., late Do You Use Mahogany ? If so don’t buy until you have seen or inquired about our now famous . . © | Finest figured wood on the market ; is hard and takes elegant finish. Brings high- est prices in Europe, but we sell here about same prices as ordinary mahogany. Importers and Manufacturers Specially adapted for fine cabinet and interior finish : 4 LAWRENOB & WIGGIN BOSTON, MASS. -— ee oor eo : 7 + Yh ag on hes is = ae e ge CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY ED{ values for other descriptions have been fairly well maintained, but there are no indications of advanced rates being shown just yet awhile. SPRUCE AND BALtic WHITE DEALS.—Im- ports: 1,294,144 feet super, Arrival: Sigurd, from Quebec. The greater portion of the above cargo of Canadian spruce deals has been - placed. Baltic White Deals (9 x 3) have been quitted at 234d. per foot of 9 x 3. NEW LUMBER TARIFF. The following rates on lumber, furnished by Capt. J. H. Williams, of the William Line, came into effect November 9th: JOINT LUMBER TARIFF U. S., NO. 332. Carloads, minimums as specified herein, from Ottawa, Rockland and Hawkesbury, and Canada-Atlantic, and Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound railway stations, to New York, Brooklyn, Jersey City, and points reached by water from Albany, N. Y.: Rates on seasoned lumber and lath to New York and all points with’n the regular lighterage limits of New York harbor, and to points on the Hudson reached by water from Albany. FROM OTTAWA, ROCKLAND, HAWKESBURY AND CANADA-ATLANTIC RAILWAY STATIONS. Seasoned pinelumber, in lots of 50 M ft __ ANGI OWEL Xn aj0h53l« ays ape ene $3 00 per M ft. Seasoned pine lumtber, in lots under 50 M ft., subject to extra towage....... 325 " Seasoned pine lumber shovts, in lots of so M ft.cand loverts pr euancnc een 3 00 " Seasoned pine lumber shorts, in lots un- der 50 M ft., subject to extra towage. 3 25 " Seasoned lath, in lots of 250 M pcs. and 55perM pes. cv Seasoned hardwood lumber, in lots of 50 M ftandover; Koomweete eee ae Seasoned hardwood Jumber, in lots under 50 M ft., subject to extra towage..... 425 cn FROM ARNPRIOR, GALETTA, KINBURN, CARP. Seasoned pine lumber, in lots of 50 M ft. , and) :OVErs schists ealcion een Raietacchitee $3 50 per M ft. 400 per M ft, so Mi ft.andiover na. ac aieenenen to) " Seasoned pine lumber shorts, in lots of un- der 50 M ft , subject 10 extra towage. 3 75 " Seasoned lath, in lots of 250 M pes. and OM EY sa nid ati-g hate stots Dee ae ene me 65 per Mpcs. Seasoned hardwood lumber, in lots of 50 Mf -andiovencizas.0. Messer aon Seasoned hardwood lumber, in lots un- der 50 M ft., subject to extra towage. 4 75 “ FROM RENFREW, RENFREW JUNCTION, GLASGOW, GOSHEN. Seasoned pine lumber, in lots of 50 M ft. and :OVEknmck= 7 al 5 9 = ONE DOLLAR Lumberman’s Inspection Book will pay your subscription to the weekly and Insrecriov Book, onthe sles forthe Inapectan of Pine and Hardwoud pee monthly CanaDA LUMBERMAN for the Leading Markets of the United States and Canada a Address : ON E YEA R The CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto, Ont. KNIGHT BR ° KILN-DRIED BIRCH FLOORING SMeeTINS ceiwinc $20.00 ~O@— SAMPLES BY MAIL ons Fale, Oneal ae FOREIGN EXPORTERS 4x” IMPORTERS | James Smith & Bro. _ -feentsror WOOD GOODS Market Reports = 14 Canada Dock, LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND Given and Advances ade Against Shipments. Cable Address—WALMER, LIVERPOOL § It your wish To Purchase or Sell as quickly as possible A PARTICULAR LOT OF LUMBER ss 7 A MILL PROPERTY SECOND-HAND MACHINERY and ‘‘For Sale’’ Department of the. . . CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION Will secure for you a wie or Seller, as the case may be. Address The Canada Lumberman Toronto, Canada. An Advertisement in the ‘‘ Wanted ’’ Write us if you have any. DRY SOFT EL SCATCHERD & SON sr WANTED Please quote prices delivered Black Rock, Buffalo, N. Y T.SULLIVAN &CO. © Buffalo, N. Y. for immediate shipment. [053 Seneca Street, BUFFALO, N. Y, 1”, 124", 1%", 2”, 8” and 4” (sts and Inds Grey Elm. Also 4 v4 Rock Elm, Log Run. cs BUFFALO HARDWOOD LUMBER COMPANY : 940 Elk St., BUFFALO, N. Y. 80,000 ft. of 2%" No. 1 and 2 and common Soft Elm. } WANTED { 100,000 ft. of 1%” No. 1 and 2 and common Red / Oak. Ea. Are also in the market as CASH BUYERS for other kinds of Hardwoods. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. Shortest and Quickest Route from OTTAWA, ROCKLAND, HAWKESBURY, ARN- PRIOR and all points on Grand Trunk Ry. "TO. DOET ON. lg palyyl YORK, DETROIT, WANDA, A LBA , &C,, MONTREAL TORONTO, QUEBEC, HALIFAX, ST. JOHN, &e. APT. J. H. Wacains, 16 Lumber Dist., Albany, N.Y. € J. Smitu General Freight Agent Ottawa, Ont. Ottawa, Arnprior & Parry sound Ru. OTTAWA & N NEW. “YORK LUMBER LINE _ OTTAWA & BOSTON LUMB N CANADA ATLANTIC FAST FREIGHT LINE R.A. Santee, ea ence Avent, 115 Board Trade” ie Joun PE ee inti Agent Union Station, Toronto. ~—=a—C ANADA ATEANTIC RAILWAY: ome ® (Ottawa & New York Lumber Ling © CANADIAN POINTS, Kel YORK ciiy ND AL POINTS, REAGHED BY WATER FROM ALBANY CANADA ATLANTIC RAILWA 15 Lumber District, ALBANY, N DELAWARE & HUDSON CANAL co, \U. H. Williams{ NEW YORK OFFICE, 03 WallStreet ent Telephone 531 Broad. WILLIAMS’ LINE. F DIREGTORY OF ADVERTISERS 5 . In the Monthly Edition of ‘‘ The Canada Lumberman.”’ _ BELTING , Canadian Rubber Co., Montreal and Toronto. Goodhue, J. L. & Co., Danville, Que. McLaren, J. C., Belting Co., Montreal and Toronto. The Waterous Co., Brantford. 4a" DRY KILNS pit McEachrer Heating & Ventilating Co., Galt, Ont. Aa Parmenter, J. S., Flushing, N.Y. a The Emerson Co., Baltimore, Md. Royal Electric Co., Montreal. Starr, John, Sons & Co., Halifax, N.S. _ INJECTORS Penberthy Injector Co., Detroit, Mich. Williams Machinery Co., A, R., Toronto. ~ = Eckardt, H. P. & Co., Toronto. a Rice Lewis & Son, Toronto. 5 Scully & Co., John, Toronto. MACHINERY i Bell, Robt., Jr., Hensall, Ont. ? Bertram, John & Sons, Dundas, Ont. _ i Canadian Locomotive and Engine Co., Kingston, Ont. Dunbar, Alex., & Sors, Woodstock, N.B. » Darling Bros., Montreal. f Northey Mfg. Co., Toronto, Ont. : Payette, P. & Co., Penetanguishene, Ont. Ke Petrie, H. W., Toronto, Ont., ; " Sawyer & Massey Co., Ltd., Hamilton, Ont. 4 The Wm. Hamilton Mtg. Co., Peterboro’, Ont. 3 The Phelps Machine Co., Eastman, Que. “ The Waterous Co., Brantford. = Williams Machinery Co., A. R., Toronto. 2 RAILWAYS ; Flint & Pere Marquecte Railroad. Illinois Central R.R. Burns, E. R., Saw Co., Toronto, Ont. Robertson & Co., James, Montreal, Toronto and St. John, N.B. * Shurly & Dietrich, Galt, Ont. j : The McMillan & Haynes Co., Ltd., St. Catharines, Ont. SAW MANUFACTURERS *. - SPLIT PULLEYS = Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co., Toronto, Ont. HOLESALE LUMBER DEALERS 33 i Shier, J. D. Bracebridge, Ont. - Wiggin, H. Dis, Boston, Mass. _ MISCELLANEOUS be ps Axes, Campbell Bros., St. John, N. B. Alligator Steam Warping Tugs, West & Peachey, Simcoe, Ont. ¥ Contractors’ Plant, John Scully & Co., Toronto. Can. Office and School Furniture Co., Preston, Ont. Wee Lumbermen’s Clothing, W. Carss & Co., Orillia, Ont. ' Lumbering Tools, Thos. Pink, Pembroke, Ont. Magnolia Metal Co., New York. : Machine Knives, Peter Hay, Galt, Ont. Metal Roofing, Pedlar Metal Roofing Co., Oshawa, Ont. Patent Medicines, Ripan’s Chemical Co., New York, N.Y. Rails, John Gartshore, Toronto. Shanks and Chisel Bits, A. McPherson, Oxford, N.S. ' Scribner’s Lumber and Log Book, S.E.Fisher, Rochester, N.Y. , : Turbines, J. C. Wilson & Co., Glenora, Ont. Veterinary Medicines, J.C. & W. R. McMurtry, Arnprior, Ont. WHOLESALE PRICES CURRENT. TORONTO, ONT. Toronto, November 25, 1896. CAR OR CARGO LOTS. 1%, 13 and 2 inch cut up and better......-.-.esseesseeees _ 2 inch picks EUANAPPELSy cic.« -\o\e cs civ s «\vie.sinir.o\s)nlenjole sie'sie\sie's\eln x12 dressing and better, 60% 16 ft. A aa 1xro fine dressing and better.....-....+..ss005 __qxzo and 12 Canadian dressing and better ee 3x 1-2 and thicker cutting up plank............-sseeeeseeee 11-4 in. cut up and better.........eee see e eee ee eeeeeaaes PRTOVADG 22 WU TON... oe cence cee e recs cesacscsccsens me = xinch siding common.........+:00cseeereereeeeeeneennees x inch siding ship culls. _ inch siding mill culls..........-. sn Cullscantling. ; ise) a oath. misjole nlcdnln wn. - einie ~Pid)a oini« «\e's:0 “zinch strips 4 in. to 8 in, mill run............ ...-. sees eee - rinch strips, COMMON......++0.+0es sees sete ents sees eenees x a-ginch flooring.......-sesee resister eee e cece cette ences SenreerueTGTOOLIGP = vie sisic clare viele era nie «0 sais opea Zin o's aja sole aie’ XXX pine shingles, r6inch........6.-.sessseee eee eeeeeee XX pineshingles 6inch..........50- veeee cece eee e cree ees Lath, No. 1 Lath No. 2 “ HARDWOODS—PER M, FEET CAR LOTS, Quality, 1s and 2s unless otherwise specified. ¥ . Pe Ash, white, 1 toz2 in..$26 00 $28 oo | Cherry r to14$50 00 $60 09 as ‘6 « ” 214 to 4.. 30.00 32-00f “ 2 ‘“4.. 6000 65 00 Ash, black, rsts and Elm, soft 1 ‘ 1% 14 00 15 00 + ends, 1to 1%in.... 17 00 19 00; “© “ 2 3.. 15 00 16 00 Ash, black, ists and “ rock x °‘ 14% 1600 18 co ands,2to4in...:.. 19 00 21 00 RE ae Et 2000) 22:00 . Ash, M.R.,1 ‘‘ 2.. 15 00 18 00| Hickory 11% ‘2., 28 00 30 00 Birch, I .1 18 00 20 o0| Maple z ‘1% 16 00 17 00 “ Hg “ 2.. 2000 2300] ‘f 2 4...17 00 18 00 We © sqrs. 4x4 “ 8 x824 00 26 00 Oak,red,p'nx "7% 26 00. 30 00 , i 2 ‘*‘4., 2900 3200 Basswood 1 ‘‘ 1% 1600 1800 ‘ ¥% 2 ..19 00 2000| “ white“: “14 2800 3000 : I . SS mr BOA Ehv00" (10' OO So Pa Ea ae 30 00 3500 = . 4 Butternut 1 “ 1% 2300 2500] “quartdr “2., 4600 5000 oe ¥ 2 ‘€3.. 25 00 28 oo| Walnut xr ‘*3.. 85 00 10000 Chestnut 1 ‘‘2.. 24 00 26.00 Whitewood 1 ‘‘ 2.. 3200 3600 ae) ¥ — re tage Pies j te ; CANADA LUMBERMAN WEEKLY EDITION | OTTAWA, ONT. Orrawa, November 25, 1896. Pine, good sidings, per M feet, b.m etaiha is OR Ba catybaatated $29 00 35 00 Pine, gond strips, 66 EE NS Fctsi och eter mate its ale are A Pine, good shorts, “* ee Ea ee Peep Pine, No. x dressing sidings, per M feet, b.m.. Pine, “ strips, ee “cc ‘6 Pine; 7s‘ ss shorts, Pine, ro s.c. and better stock, Pine, 8s.c. “ Ee ES Pine, “sidings Pine, Pine, Pine, box culls Pine mill culls Lath per M Woe. ccc -ccdeccsenerncivs ses) opeinisame tes Cah go 1 25 Lath per M Noe. Peek Son eer nN Sone So. 47mg TxTO NO. L PALM viwicl oie sie w vinta age Ws Ha sielee lenin aiaininia naa BE (Rae BIA Sime nn cations soc or! qocn cAtoctc tart TRB CLQIN ONT Oo piace ain eles oloie aievetaialaloiatelniny nine a nsisei le 16 18 EXB BGO: 8 och edie vibiniole nln w clolvip aiathi olan siniminiia 4 Pelsinin 15 17 “ee “ oe ‘ cc “ane “ “ee ee “ “se iG ce “cc ce bs ‘QUEBEC, QUE. Querszec, November 25, 1896. WHITE PINE—IN THE RAFT. CES. acts, Common and railroad, for interior and_ordinary according to average, quality, etc., measured Off......+++++++eeerseeees 20 @ 22 For 40 to 45 feet average, measured Off... .....1ssevserreeseries 24 26 For good and good fair average, measured Ona rin spear eansta 28° #32 First class ce ds i asa aca ate og a4 36 In shipping order ee SA tate dpiomele ciesiaisher= sia 30: 42 First class Ottawa waney, 18 inch average.....-.++s-++ seeeee 36 0=— 38 e cS «19 to 2r inch average... Saari etonnO aimee First class Michigan waney board, 18 inch average..... » 40 S42 a of ue ‘€ “z9 to 21 inch average.....-+++ 42 45 RED PINE-—IN THE RAFT. Measured off, according to average and quality. 26 In shipping order, 35 to 45 feet ‘ ue 40 OAK-—MICHIGAN AND OHIO. By the dram, according to average and quality... wiSjce + Aja 4o ELM. By the dram, according to average and quality, 45 tosofeet. . 28 30 ee ye ce "30 to 35 feet. «25 28 ASH. 14 inches and up, according toaverage an quality. . . . .72 30 To average 16 inch esi i et oh ao a Mae ede 3? : BIRCH. 14 inchaverage . is . 18 ro Cen Mem oes NS 2 ro) OO ne Mme ce a Nae oan a) SiN 6) int aka ns te rc St TAMARAC. Square, according to size and quality. . - . - + + + + +7 19 Flatted, ae a Rts eas Borie tri: DEALS. Bright spruce, according to mill specification, $4> to $44 for rst, $28 to $30 for 2nd, $25 to $27 for 3rd, and $21 to $23 for 4th quality. F.O.B, batteau SAGINAW AND BAY CITY, MICH. Sacinaw, Mich.. November 25, 1896. UPPERS AND SELECTS. Uppers, 1 in., 10 in. and up Selects, rin., 8in. and up wide $40 oo Wid ela: oharals tee nneneees 45 0c 14%, 1% and2in....-+..++5 41 00 1%, 1%and 2in.....-..+.- 45 00| 2% and 3im.......--...+05 47 00 24 and 31iM....-.-+++eeeee 53 OOi| 4 Was sluwule’siei eiale’ne eis sielwiels 50 00 AMM veal olele wien sihinle\ele a cle mar 56 00 FINE COMMON. 1 in., 8 in. and up wide...... 33 50 | 2% and 3in., 8in, and up wide 42 00 1%, 1% and 21n........-+5+ 35.00 || A Wake svere opp avellerss aisle vats mts 45 00 B FINE COMMON OR NO, I CUTTING. rin., 7in. and up wide...... 23 50 | 234 and 3in., 7in. and up wide 37 oo 1Y%,1% and 2in.... .....00s BL: GO) iA Ailey ats fcr serarniaim) c\niele'e s)ed>\eleiaivie\siaa 17 00 |134 IN., ON. cele coe cece eras 17 00 _ NO. 2 FENCING OR NO. 4 FLOORING. 1in., 4,5 and 7 inch ........ 13 50| 134 in., 4to 7 inch .......... 14 TiM., GINCD ....ceeeereereey 14 90 | No. 3 Fencing, 1 in., 6 inch.. 12 00 SHELVING. No. 1, 1 in., ro in. stocks.... 25 00 | No.2, 1 in., 7 and 8in. stocks 19 00 rin, ro in. and up wide... 26 00 tin., roin. stocks......... 21 00 tin., 12 in, stocks...,....+ 29 00| t1in., 12 in. stocks......... 24 00 1 in., 12 in. and up wide... 30 00 1 in., ro in. and up wide.-. 22 00 14in. 1% and 2in., 8in. and 1 in., 13 in, and up wide... 25 00 UP WIE .. cee eeeeenerees 29 00 BARN BOARDS OR STOCKS, Nox, 5 12) Is. 6 oes es aime eal 21 00 LOVEE» caninie vs Wie cminlaraseliatar ora 16 50 AM cenit lontthaem ee eerie 16 00 Band 7 im..... seers eeee ee 16 00 INO: 2,/D2 Iso oate slale nlelvislerniela 16 00 TO) HDs ne ss ieteaela siete I4 00 SHIPPING CULLS OR BOX. rin., 4 and 5 in. WIKE . stench $ 8 50j 1 in., 13 in. and up wide..... $11 00 rin., 6in, wide.....-.....++ 9 50| 1%, 1% and 2 in., 7 in. and 1 in., 7 in. wide and up...... 9 50 MAE Wider cra inet Verte stent Io 50 SHAKY CLEAR. | rin., 3, 4,5, 7,8 and gin. wide 17 00| 1 in., ro in. and up wide..... 18 00 zin., 6.4m. WIde. «seen e eres 18 00 | 1%, 1% and 2 in., 8in. and up WG riests nice nc=etalne Rie faslons 20 00 COFFIN BOARDS. No. 1, rin., r3in. and up.... 20 00 | No. 1, millculls............. 8 00 INGLi2e cas, denies peeerees 17 00 | No. 2, or red horse........-. 6 50 BEVELED SIDING—DRESSED. : Extra clear (perfect)......... 23 OO) NO. 2. cJuewaw wale ctrpsinia Veale SLOG No. 1 (nearly clear). ........ 2 GO)|) NOs ginrawlesne «vice cane sales 14 00 TIMBER, JOIST AND SCANTLING. Norway, 2x4 to 10, 12 to 16ft.§ 8 50| Hemlock, 2xq4 to 10, 12 to DB Bhs te ravase coate 01 weet a etaataincs Io 50 PO TCEL he wh prep eloisiae ons OR ZO Moja vie = agluiaisheivaisiaiacoialpyetale II 50 2RUA Ni aa aaaslner cidatan Pee 50 az.and 24 ft. sais vue wreee 12 50 | Add $x to each additional eft. in length. SHINGIES, 18-IN. Fancy brands, XXXX....... 3 oo | Standard brands, river made, Clear Butts.......+0ssseees I 90 ». ©. Fonpeor Seiten, a 2075 Clear Butts..... mais ceee iu r7s WHITE PINE LATH. bs OO PRAT REC ee, © 50! | NON 2m ciepin oa RE Cee aseyk 00 ERemlock isla uvveretisle woetare Ae (es) is 19) ~ ¢ ~S tn } a 4 d 1a nk greatest Pea, ; ‘0 ee oe BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA, N.Y. ¥ Tonawanpa, N. Y., November +5, 1896. WHITE PINE. ; Up'rs, 1,14, 14% and 2 No. 3, 1% to2in... 17 00 17 00 etree Prat vss2e$46 00 47 00| Shelving, No. x, 13 in yt 2% and 3 in....... 5009 54 00 and up, rin...... 30 00@33 00 eee SER Retest 55 00 57 00| Dressing 1% in...... 24 00 re) Selects, 1am. ov... 50-s 38 00 40 00| 1x10 and Is wine 09 TIZito Sidi. nave 4200 4200) 136 itf..s...s.>+0+5 24 00 00 2% and 3 in...... + 47 00 50.00] 2 IM osveseesnes-s- 20 00 00 4M. e eee pre 52 00| Mold st’ps,1 to 2in.. 32 00 00 Fine common, 1 in... 35 00 37 00| Barn, No. 1, roand 12 : 1% and 1 in. 35 00 38 00 yi ie reteree eyes oo 2 IM .....ees . 34.00 3600] 6and 8 3: Ul sieeai etna 90) 45 00| No. 2, 1oand x2 in. Be inistee aewamee ae 45 00} No. 3, roand r2in. Cut’g up, No. 1,1 in. 26 00 27 00] _6and8in,.... 1% to2 in......... 32 00 33-00] Common, xin,....... None yeni itis er 16 00 1700| 1% andr¥in...... No. 2, 1% to2in.. 22 00 23 00] 2 IM... «secsseeee WHITE ASH. tst & 2nd, x inch, 33 00 33 00| 2% tog in..... Vieden D234 £0,211, cneie tne + 33 00 35 00 ae oe ashe hia aed NEES Meiers nid vialeis ne BLACK AND BROWN ASH. ist & and, 8 inch up, 2000 2200 Com. & good culls 10 oo BIRCH, ist & end, 6inch& | | ist & 2nd, white, 6in. & up, 18 0 Bip, tedaaece es +ee+ 28090 30 00| Com & good culls..... 10 00 12 ; ELM. aan ist & 2d, rock, 8in. & up, 18 00 22 00 1st & 2d, soft, 8in. & up, 16 oo 18 ! MAPLE. ‘ rst & ad, hard, 6in, & up 18 00 20 00 ist & 2d, soft, 6in.& up, 17 00 WHITE OAK. . ist & and, plain, Clear squares, 5x 8in. &up.......... 2600 28 0c} to xB Pes ue ; Fac) Good common.. . I5 00 17 00| 1st & and quartered, Good cullsi)....5° «ssw °t0 00 22.00] 61M. UP... .ce.s sana) AB | Common quartered... 25 00 RED OAK, rat: St) Beier ai cicealanreteiaiate 25 00 27 00 | Quartered rst &2nd.. 42 00 Common ...... Ripe eels 14.00 16 00] Common............ 22 00 2 Apes') (ost I SheineedeaioRn ss 9 00 10 00 NEW YORK CITY. New York, N. Y., Ave WHITE PINE LUMBER Prices for white pine lumber are governed entirely by source rendering it useless to give prices for local market. De WHITE PINE TIMBER, Bridge timber....... $28 00 @ 49 00 | Building orders.....$27 00 Decking......-..+.. 44 00 5090 ' .* sa , SPRUCE. 6 togin.......... ‘ee 4. 50’ | xo:to 72) Dike. se 6 to r2in 15 75 det Ape ptn'neroetea gto r2in 16 25 HARDWOOD. 4/4 and thicker, No. 1 and 2 Black Ash, 10 to 16.... 3 ce os Soft Elm, Pe 2. ae Me Be Hard Maple, “ ... “ “ oe Basswood, ae “ “ P. “ Birch, “ Ae ES ‘« Black Ash, Com. and Shipping Cull, M.C a ‘ Soft Elm, oe “oe . “ : “ “c Hard Maple, “ “ és «« Basswood, - a “ “e Birch, ‘ “ee ALBANY, N.Y. . PUNE, Uppers, 3 in. up..........- $52 $55 ieee 2% in. Fr ; 52 55 i boarlasda 1to2in.... ~45. 40 4 inch uppers .......- aes 55 | Selects, 2% in. up......---- 45 TtO2IM.. 06.00 s0s vines 40 | r2-in. dressing and better, Fine common, 24% in. andup 40 42 | Common, 1x12 ...... : Tt tOG The oth awieen<-5 020,75. 22,00) ATH. Spritceseas By cargo. Bi ieattsion,gondttae 1 80@ ics ~ } _ _ Fredericton for the season. The mill will run all winter, _ cutting shingles and clapboards. —_ DECEMBER, 1896 OTTAWA LETTER. (Regular Correspondence of the CanaDA LUMBERMAN. RECENT transactions in the Ottawa Valley have some- what encouraged lumbermen, and operations in the woods - may be conducted ona much larger scale than was gener- ally supposed before the presidential election across the border. On one particular limit up the Madawaska river five extra crews have been started. Estimates of the winter's probable cut of logs point to the fact that it will vary very little from last season. The square timber out- put will probably be more than double that of last year, unless some who now contemplate taking out square tim- ber turn their attention to saw logs. Lumbermen, it would seem, are gradually becoming convinced of the advantages tu be obtained by having their saw mills adjacent to their limits. The Gilmour Company and the St. Anthony Lumber Co. have lately constructed mills in the vicinity of Algonquin Park, and now we hear that Mr. J. R. Booth has in view a scheme to erect alarge mill at Barry’s Bay, for the purpose of sawing the timber from his Upper Ottawa limits. Nearly all the large mills have closed down for the season. The cut will compare favorably with the season of 1895. The Hull Lumber Co. have received letters patent of incorporation. The capital stock is $600,000. Mr. R. M. Cox, the well-known Liverpool lumber mer- chant, who is well-known throughout the Ottawa Valley, is reported to have speculated very successfully in ocean freight chartering. Having secured a large amount of accommodation early in the season, he disposed of much of it to apple shippers at a substantial increase in rates. OrTTawa, Ont., Nov. 23, 1896. NEW BRUNSWICK LETTER. {Regular Correspondence of the Canapa LuUMBERMAN.] THE lumbermen have suffered heavily from the recent rains. The Aroostook Lumber Co. lost upwards of 500,- 000 feet of logs by the breaking of a boom. About two million feet, believed to be the property of Kilburn & Mc- Intosh and Stetson, Cutler & Co., hung up last year, are now floating in the St. John river. The crews in the woods have been working under difficulties, and in some cases the men have been obliged to cease work. Bracketing at Maugerville was completed for the sea- son early in November. Emery Sewell put up 53 rafts, containing 22,533 joints, for Tapley Bros.’ tug boats ; also about 1,500 joints of cedar, which was towed by his own tugs to Morrison’s mill, making in all about 56,000,000 superficial feet. D.D. Glazier & Son very successfully handled and freighted 29,000 joints, containing 81,042,622 feet, making a total of upwards of 137,000,000 feet. The season has been more than ordinarily favorable for the work. F Purves & Murchie, of St. John, will during the winter add an improved double rotary, with edger, trimmer, lath and box machine, to the plant in their mill on the west side. This will add about one-third to the capacity of their mill, which will then have an annual capacity of about fourteen million feet. Mr. C. T. White, who purchased the Point Wolfe lum- ber property last spring, has put a new water wheel in his mill at that place, and has made extensive repairs. Dur- ing the past season be has cut 13,000,000 feet of lumber at Point Wolfe and Apple River, and will probably make an increase on this amount next season. His mill has a capacity of 60,000 feet per day. Harry McLellan recently cut on Jones’ Brook 300,000 feet of logs. The high freshet has enabled him to get them down stream. It is said to be the first drive of logs _ ever brought to St. John the same season in which they were cut. BITS OF LUMBER. Mr. Wm. Hanson, whose saw mill at Spruce Lake was "destroyed by fire, will rebuild this winter. Donald Fraser & Sons have closed down their rotary at Mr. Redmond, of the firm of Stetson, Cutler & Red- -mond, lumber brokers of New York, was in the city re- _ cently interviewing the local shippers. The exports of lumber from St. John for the month of October were as follows: Lumber of all kinds, $207,276 ; shingles, $18,763; piling, $1,255; shooks, $341; birch ‘timber, $1,000. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN II The new mill of D. & J. Ritchie at Newcastle will be 124 x 44 feet, with 25 feet posts. The engine room will be separate and of brick and iron, and there will be eight boilers, 40 feet long. The mills of A. E. Alexander and W. S. Gray at Camp- bellton have closed down for the season. Mr. Alexander will put a new rotary in his mill on the Tobique, and will cut spruce this winter. St. Joun, November 20, 1896. BRITISH COLUMBIA LETTER. {Regular Correspondence of the CanaDA LUMBERMAN.] Mr. J. S. LARKE, Canadian Commissioner of Australia, has sent a letter to the News-Advertiser embodying some valuable information relative to the extension of trade with that country. He states that some timber sent from Puget Sound was refused by the buyer, owing to defects, and was valued by two surveyors of the Chambers of Commerce, who upheld the buyer in his contention. The letter says: ‘‘A new complaint has been made in regard to this timber, that of being scant sawn. Pieces from 114 to 2% inches thick lack by a quarter toa half an inch. The widths, too, are not up to requirements. Objections on this score have not been taken note of hitherto, but there is no doubt that henceforth it will be considered and deductions made for any considerable deficiency. The cargoes from British Columbia have so far been of ex- cellent quality. The only grumble is that one order was not filled exactly as specified, a larger quantity of a cer- tain length and a less of another having been shipped. Of course an allowance is demanded, but if it goes to a survey no great sum will be allowed. Your mills should do more of the dressed timber trade than they are doing. Here lack of shipping is the trouble. The mail steamers could not take it and a whole cargo order could not now be had. One broker who has been taking orders for shelving has become discouraged over failure to re- ceive his orders, and says that unless something can be done to ensure regularity of delivery he will have to give itup. This brings up the freight question. The third steamer of the Canadian-Australian line will be on at the first of the year. This will give thirteen trips instead of eleven, which latter is about the average per annum now, and, too, will ensure regular sailings. These vessels are now carrying rough timber in competition with sailing craft in many ports, and if the B. C. mill men will push the dressed timber trade here they could furnish full and regular freights. They could touch at Queensland ports where the mail ships now do not go, and so build up a trade where we now get but little. There is the practical difficulty of getting a return cargo, but this would be no worse than the sailing ships have to face, and would be solved very much as they ngw solve it.” The annual report of the British Columbia Board of Trade for 1896 says of the lumber trade: ‘‘ There was a steady improvement in the lumber industry during the year 1895, the quantity cut being 112,884,640 feet, or about 40 per cent. more than in the previous year. The foreign demand was more widely distributed than for some years past, but prices were low. The foreign demand has con- tinued to improve during the past six months at advanced prices. Attention is again called to the importance of grading all lumber for export. Such specific grading would protect our millmen and simplify the work of pur- chasers when placing orders. The saw mill being erected at Takush Harbor will be one of the best equipped in the province, and will be occupied mainly in cutting cypress. The cypress is one of our most valuable woods, and com- mands a price almost equal to mahogany.” NEw WESTMINSTER, B. C., Nov. 20, 1896. ee MICHIGAN LETTER, {Regular Correspondence of the Canapa LuMBERMAN.] A LITTLE over two weeks has passed since the people of the United States pronounced themselves in favor of McKinley and the gold standard, yet the improvement which has come to the lumber business in Michigan in that short period is almost phenomenal. On every side the opinion is expressed that revival is assured. The past season has been one of the dullest for the past twenty-five years. Taking the shipments from the Saginaw river up to rst November as an indication, in 1870 they were 427,000,000 feet. Ten years later, in 1880, they reached 711,000,000 feet, but in 1890 had fallen to 382,000,000 feet. Last year they were reduced to 113,000,000 feet, and this year they only reached 63,000,000 feet. From nearly every other point a like falling off is shown by a com- parison of figures. Since the elections preparations have been made for conducting operations in the woods on a larger scale, and there is likely to be an average imput or logs. Col. Bliss, of Saginaw, started camps last week in Midland county, where he will take out several million feet. He also started two camps in the Georgian Bay district. Messrs. Alger, Smith & Co, are operating quite exten- sively. In the vicinity of Valentine Lake, Montmorency county, their main operations are being carried on, some 500 men being employed. The intention is to clear the land of both pine and hardwoods, which will require about three years. INDIFFERENT LENGTHS. The season’s cut of the Marinette mills is estimated at 171,000,000 feet. The quantity of lumber shipped from Alpena up to Oc- tober 31st was 76,608,075 feet. Messrs. Smalleys & Woodworth, of Bay City, will re- build their saw mill recently destroyed by fire. Wm. Peter has started camps in the Georgian Bay dis- trict, and the logs will be rafted to his mill at Bay City. SAGINAW, Mich., Nov. 21, 1896. RIGHTS OF IMPROVEMENT COMPANIES. BEFORE Chief Justice Meredith at Toronto recently the Hardy Lumber Company, of Alpena, Mich., sought to have it declared that the Pick- erel Lumber Co. had no right to collect tolls in the Parry Sound district. served. Judgment was re- A deputation waited upon the Ontario Cabinet in connection with a waterway to connect Lake Wahnapitae with Lake Matagamashing. >: > eee WOOD SPLIT PULLEY for Saw and Shingle Mills. Millmen, when Overhauling or Extending, write us for Prices. We can save you money and give you good satisfaction. | DopGE WOOD-SPLIT PULLEY CO. Office : 74 York St. TORONTO 4 THE CANADA LUMBEHERMAN 17 DECEMBER, 1896 THE DAKE ENGINE _ Tut Rovat Etecraic Company . és MONTREAL, QUE. Western Office: TORONTO, ONT. Phemiceompanying cut ae pee es eer aad gape’ pee ch Cable and Telegraph Address, ‘‘ Roylectric.’’ carriage set work. The engine, as shown, 1s reversible, advancing an receding head blocks at the will of the operator. Does away comics — Electrical Machinery. Apparatus MANUFACTURERS OF practical assistant to a saw mill carriage, enabling the setter to handle the heaviest logs with LIGHT and PO ER ease. Steam is carried to engine py quests Peer ney Oey SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO swinging steam pipe with knuckle joints, taken from near the centre LONG DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY of carriage travel. As applied | to carriage work, it has been in FOR LIGHT AND POWER actual operation for over a year. ALSO FOR CORRESFONDENCE INVITED. ELECTRIC PLANTS FOR MILLS PH ee ro MA OH | N = OO. Distant water powers utilized and Mills lighted and operated safely. BASTMAN, QUB. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. SHURLY & DIETRICH 3% 2 pe 28 Gog DGG THE ONLY SAW MANUFACTURERS IN THE z = WORLD WHO EXPORT SAWS IN LARGE z : QUANTITIES TO THE UNITED STATES SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE SEGRET GHEMIGAL PROCESS OF TEMPERING : : Our Silver Steel Saws are Uneaualled The A. R. WILLIAMS MACHINERY CO., Ltd. HAVE FOR SALE THE FOLLOWING : (9 ovo Large OUTFIT of Saw Mill, Shingle Mill, consisting of one Three Head Block Saw Mill, two Large Engines, one 65 h. p. Boiler, Shingle Machine, Jointer and Packer; and Chopping Mill with Three Acres of Land, Wet and Dry Yard, with lots of Timber near. PLANING MILL OUTFIT, consisting of Engine and Boiler, Planer, Matcher and Moulder Combined, with a Full Set of Sash and Door Machinery, Shafting, Pulleys, Belting, Etc., in good town. a; ll ARWiuams GRONTO ONY, “ECLIPSE” PLANER, MATCHER AND MOULDER.—DOES GREAT VARIETY AND FINEST WORK. Sole Canadian Agents for the Genuine Sturtevant Fans and Heaters for Dry Kilns, Shaving Fans, Blowers; S. J. Shimer, Sons & Co.’s Celebrated Shimer Matcher Heads, Door and Sash Heads; E. Harrington, Sons & Co.’s well-known Chain Hoists and Overhead Tramway. We have a Large Assortment of Planer and Sticker Knives for Immediate Shipment. The A. R. Williams Machinery Co. Ltd., Front st. west (2it®%.) Toronto Right Hand—Front View. ‘“NEW ALLIS”? It’surpasses all others in many points. ; I} p (\ = = fae %, Short Upper Mandrel. Wheel Centrally Hung. Lower Wheel Inside Frame. Where It Is 38 Sold Best Quality of Work Low Prices. .... Giant ‘HN SVE MANUAL LABOR il On 600-1050-1075. A Most Satisfactory and Durable Chain for Log Haul-Up, Heavy Refuse Conveyors, etc. Combined Gang Edger and Flooring Machine. THE CANADA LUMBERMAN Lumber Machinery The Most Modern Manufactured Waterous 9 ‘Brantford, Canada DECEMBER, 1896 NIL NEW ALLIS BANDS in Canada since Jan., 1894. Unbreakable Steel Girder Carriage. ESTABLISHED 1844 INCORPORATED 1874 NEW WORKS OCCUPIED ar. MU sl YORE OMT Over 50 Sizes and Styles of Chains, varying from 75.to 20,000 lbs. Breaking Strain. Special Attachment Links for all purposes. ‘ i? Me ge THE CANADA LUMBERMAN oes = ALEX. DUNBAR & SONS CLAPBOARD MACHINE Woodstock, N.B. Manufacturers of..... he ee ee SaW-Mill Machinery OF ALL KINDS Including ROTARY SAW MILLS (3 sizes), CLAPBOARD SAWING MACHINES, CLAPBOARD PLANING AND FINISHING MACHIN- ERY, SHINGLE MACHINES, STEAM ENGINES, Etc. SSK a2 : = “ =Br7 =] at : WRITE FOR FURTHER PARTIGULARS : 3 =y ALEX. DUNBAR & SONS’ - Woodstock, N. B. — NEW PORTABLE SAW MILLS — I Traction and Plain Engines ie of different sizes 4 Threshers, Clover Hullers, Mi a RO) Dt mm, Horse Powers and Road- tly | c. 7 i tT =e XXX SHINGLE BOLTER on SPLITTER 1 : AVING had numerous enguiries for a First-Class, Self-Contained Bolter or Splitter, ey I have designed the accompanying illustrated machine expressly to fill that want, and guarantee it to be the best machine for the purpose in the market. The frame is made of heavy timber, and bolted through and through ; it occupies a floor space of 8 ft. long by 5 ft. wide. Saw arbor is of 3 inch steel with solid forged collars 7 inches diameter. The driving pulley (unless otherwise ordered) is 14 inches diameter, 13 inches face. The solid webbed balance wheel, shown in cut, is 48 inches diameter, weighs 1050 Ibs., and with the pulley is turned true and accurately balanced. As the boxes are in a solid cast iron yoke they can never get out of line. The bearings are full size of diameter of saw arbor, 12 inches long, and lined with finest quality of anti-friction metal. The carriage is very strong and easily handled ; the top is of steel boiler plate and is strengthened at the end of slot or centre of carriage by a heavy casting which carries a pivot and foot lever, used for the purpose of raising a heavy block and thus making it easier to turn. The carriage wheels are 8 inches diameter, with steel shafts running in self-oiling babbitted boxes. The carriage is operated by a hand lever, the front end of which is counter-balanced by an iron weight attached to back end of lever. In operating this machine it is not necessary to ‘‘dog”’ the block on the carriage ; that would be a waste of time. Ifthe saw is in proper shape a piece of two inch plank can be stood on end on the carriage and split with the saw without ‘‘ dogging” or holding it in any way. Timber when split with an axe will invariably follow the grain of the wood, but when split with a saw it is of course perfectly straight, no matter how winding the timber may be, and the first cut then is a perfect shingle. On this account alone a splitter will not only save from 10 to 25 per cent. of the timber, but will add about 5,000 shingles to each day’s cut. Make more shingles in a day and more from the same quantity of timber,. and you will save more money. These machines made either Right or Left Hand; in ordering state which is required. The accompanying cut represents a Right Hand Machine. Speed of saw 7oo revolu- tions per minute. Price, complete with 50 inch saw and heavy balance wheel as shown in cut, $225.00, F.O. B. here. Or to parties who prefer to build their own wooden frame, I would furnish the iron work complete with any desired size of pulley and balance wheel at corresponding prices. MANUFACTURED UNDER F. J. DRAKE'S PATENT BY IM & Cit Ot KINGSTON. - ONTARIO —_ = ee A A 6 i Va to ¢ 7g P ain, ry Rae alts ‘ Val y ST eee oe eee es es j mii’: oh yar ty : vu A c a. 4 =< THE CANADA LUMBERMAN pecaball 86 t | res : = HE JAMES ROBERTSON GO, 110. ee": > [> at Saws of all Description . Protech” | MeL U Ire ane WII TR carte in tock OF ALL KINDS | Fl E Somme 40) sch Le o Chains, Ropes, Axes, Files, in saan | amo Eactoriss at Bar Iron, Horse Shoes, (MONTREAL \. St. a Peavy Cant | &* ALL"OURSAWS - ~ tage? a RICE LEwIs & SON FULLY WARRANTED AND MIL aw ee ain) ene and Victoria Sts, - TORONTO A. MCPHBRSON iin cere ee Every Lumberman wants it 55 cents buys it HM IESE. Sorloner’s Lumber «Log Book Warranted equal to any on the market. Jz Also Manufacturer of at SAVES TIME SAVES MISTAKES | SAVES MONEY Locomotives and Trucks for the Pole System of Tramways for handling logs _ and lumber in the woods. BRIMFUL OF EVERY-DAY, Address : Correspondence Solicited. PRACTICAL INFORMATION THE CANADA LUMBERMAN, Toronto A. MGPHEPSON - OXFORD, Kova SCOTIA we divest. extsiaens,ontscoce —*P GHLEBRATED MGKELSTEEL GROSSGH TT We lead all others in High-Grade eae Wh = We also manufacture Axes, Files, Saw Crosscuts and Saw Tools. A cheap, thick, & | ; Jointers, Cant Hooks, Steel acid Eeoxt Beal clumsy saw is dear at any price. steads. We have a cheap bed with wire mattrass attached suit- able for shanties, We handle thes Famous KELLY+% AMERICAN AXES. Their Flint Edge i — guaranteed to stand i OSs f° cold, frosty weather, se ae =reeTETelaI ew ud UU better than any other VV ALOU Wa WOU A Uline Fe Eni a eu We I WU A axe made. "i The price of a good saw is soon saved in the This SAW SET is he BEST EVER MADE. It is Simple and. extra work >t will:do. Strong, and is guaranteed to do its work perfectly. Be sure you use Mc- MILLAN & HAYNES SAWS; they are all warranted to give entire a r/ = satisfaction. The accompanying cut shows our No. 2 mill with wood frame and feed areas in the We build this mill with either wood or iron frames as desired. The carriage has any desired rs of head blocks, either ratchet or friction set works. We also put on an elevated scale, which is’ great convenience to the sawyer, and a newly designed roller guage to set up to. Lumber al these carriages is uniform in thickness and can be made any desired thickness by adjusting which is at the sawyer’s hand. We also build a No. 0 mill for light portable work, and a No. 1 mill, which is a good general mill for either portable or stationary use. . Also Edgers, Slab Slashers, C - off Saws, Log Haul-ups, Friction Niggers, Lath Trimmers, Lumber Trimmers, Bolting Saws, Saw Benches. Send for Prices and Description. 7 ADDRESS : gs siete ROBT. BELL, sr. n HENSALL, ONTARIO, CAN. [se tne ramous.. PINK LUMBERING TOOLS SN Gat ont Had yr Loa soon ; Duck Bill Peavies, Round Bill Peavies, Finest Duck Bill Winter Cant Hooks gil. Pike Poles, Skidding Tongs, Boom Chains Lowest Prices © [HOMAS PINK PEMBROKE. ONT. | [o-.™ ye r a a “ey 4 By Pay ae ee eat? ae